File size: 30,909 Bytes
807e410
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
---
base_model: BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5
language:
- en
library_name: sentence-transformers
license: apache-2.0
metrics:
- cosine_accuracy@1
- cosine_accuracy@3
- cosine_accuracy@5
- cosine_accuracy@10
- cosine_precision@1
- cosine_precision@3
- cosine_precision@5
- cosine_precision@10
- cosine_recall@1
- cosine_recall@3
- cosine_recall@5
- cosine_recall@10
- cosine_ndcg@10
- cosine_mrr@10
- cosine_map@100
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
tags:
- sentence-transformers
- sentence-similarity
- feature-extraction
- generated_from_trainer
- dataset_size:6300
- loss:MatryoshkaLoss
- loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
widget:
- source_sentence: The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes listed
    in Part IV, Item 15(a)(1) of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are included elsewhere
    in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
  sentences:
  - What is the carrying value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets related to
    the Certificate of Needs and Medicare licenses as of December 31, 2023?
  - What sections of the Annual Report on Form 10-K contain the company's financial
    statements?
  - What was the effective tax rate excluding discrete net tax benefits for the year
    2022?
- source_sentence: Consumers are served through Amazon's online and physical stores
    with an emphasis on selection, price, and convenience.
  sentences:
  - What decision did the European Commission make on July 10, 2023 regarding the
    United States?
  - What are the primary offerings to consumers through Amazon's online and physical
    stores?
  - What activities are included in the services and other revenue segment of General
    Motors Company?
- source_sentence: Visa has traditionally referred to their structure of facilitating
    secure, reliable, and efficient money movement among consumers, issuing and acquiring
    financial institutions, and merchants as the 'four-party' model.
  sentences:
  - What model does Visa traditionally refer to regarding their transaction process
    among consumers, financial institutions, and merchants?
  - What percentage of Meta's U.S. workforce in 2023 were represented by people with
    disabilities, veterans, and members of the LGBTQ+ community?
  - What are the revenue sources for the Company’s Health Care Benefits Segment?
- source_sentence: 'In addition to LinkedIn’s free services, LinkedIn offers monetized
    solutions: Talent Solutions, Marketing Solutions, Premium Subscriptions, and Sales
    Solutions. Talent Solutions provide insights for workforce planning and tools
    to hire, nurture, and develop talent. Talent Solutions also includes Learning
    Solutions, which help businesses close critical skills gaps in times where companies
    are having to do more with existing talent.'
  sentences:
  - What were the major factors contributing to the increased expenses excluding interest
    for Investor Services and Advisor Services in 2023?
  - What were the pre-tax earnings of the manufacturing sector in 2023, 2022, and
    2021?
  - What does LinkedIn's Talent Solutions include?
- source_sentence: Management assessed the effectiveness of the company’s internal
    control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023. In making this assessment,
    we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of
    the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013).
  sentences:
  - What criteria did Caterpillar Inc. use to assess the effectiveness of its internal
    control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023?
  - What are the primary components of U.S. sales volumes for Ford?
  - What was the percentage increase in Schwab's common stock dividend in 2022?
model-index:
- name: BGE base Financial Matryoshka
  results:
  - task:
      type: information-retrieval
      name: Information Retrieval
    dataset:
      name: dim 768
      type: dim_768
    metrics:
    - type: cosine_accuracy@1
      value: 0.6514285714285715
      name: Cosine Accuracy@1
    - type: cosine_accuracy@3
      value: 0.79
      name: Cosine Accuracy@3
    - type: cosine_accuracy@5
      value: 0.8228571428571428
      name: Cosine Accuracy@5
    - type: cosine_accuracy@10
      value: 0.8785714285714286
      name: Cosine Accuracy@10
    - type: cosine_precision@1
      value: 0.6514285714285715
      name: Cosine Precision@1
    - type: cosine_precision@3
      value: 0.2633333333333333
      name: Cosine Precision@3
    - type: cosine_precision@5
      value: 0.16457142857142856
      name: Cosine Precision@5
    - type: cosine_precision@10
      value: 0.08785714285714284
      name: Cosine Precision@10
    - type: cosine_recall@1
      value: 0.6514285714285715
      name: Cosine Recall@1
    - type: cosine_recall@3
      value: 0.79
      name: Cosine Recall@3
    - type: cosine_recall@5
      value: 0.8228571428571428
      name: Cosine Recall@5
    - type: cosine_recall@10
      value: 0.8785714285714286
      name: Cosine Recall@10
    - type: cosine_ndcg@10
      value: 0.765832517664664
      name: Cosine Ndcg@10
    - type: cosine_mrr@10
      value: 0.7298044217687073
      name: Cosine Mrr@10
    - type: cosine_map@100
      value: 0.733780107239095
      name: Cosine Map@100
  - task:
      type: information-retrieval
      name: Information Retrieval
    dataset:
      name: dim 512
      type: dim_512
    metrics:
    - type: cosine_accuracy@1
      value: 0.6471428571428571
      name: Cosine Accuracy@1
    - type: cosine_accuracy@3
      value: 0.7828571428571428
      name: Cosine Accuracy@3
    - type: cosine_accuracy@5
      value: 0.8228571428571428
      name: Cosine Accuracy@5
    - type: cosine_accuracy@10
      value: 0.8685714285714285
      name: Cosine Accuracy@10
    - type: cosine_precision@1
      value: 0.6471428571428571
      name: Cosine Precision@1
    - type: cosine_precision@3
      value: 0.26095238095238094
      name: Cosine Precision@3
    - type: cosine_precision@5
      value: 0.16457142857142856
      name: Cosine Precision@5
    - type: cosine_precision@10
      value: 0.08685714285714284
      name: Cosine Precision@10
    - type: cosine_recall@1
      value: 0.6471428571428571
      name: Cosine Recall@1
    - type: cosine_recall@3
      value: 0.7828571428571428
      name: Cosine Recall@3
    - type: cosine_recall@5
      value: 0.8228571428571428
      name: Cosine Recall@5
    - type: cosine_recall@10
      value: 0.8685714285714285
      name: Cosine Recall@10
    - type: cosine_ndcg@10
      value: 0.7588695496897898
      name: Cosine Ndcg@10
    - type: cosine_mrr@10
      value: 0.723611111111111
      name: Cosine Mrr@10
    - type: cosine_map@100
      value: 0.7284354380762504
      name: Cosine Map@100
  - task:
      type: information-retrieval
      name: Information Retrieval
    dataset:
      name: dim 256
      type: dim_256
    metrics:
    - type: cosine_accuracy@1
      value: 0.6257142857142857
      name: Cosine Accuracy@1
    - type: cosine_accuracy@3
      value: 0.7614285714285715
      name: Cosine Accuracy@3
    - type: cosine_accuracy@5
      value: 0.8214285714285714
      name: Cosine Accuracy@5
    - type: cosine_accuracy@10
      value: 0.87
      name: Cosine Accuracy@10
    - type: cosine_precision@1
      value: 0.6257142857142857
      name: Cosine Precision@1
    - type: cosine_precision@3
      value: 0.2538095238095238
      name: Cosine Precision@3
    - type: cosine_precision@5
      value: 0.16428571428571426
      name: Cosine Precision@5
    - type: cosine_precision@10
      value: 0.087
      name: Cosine Precision@10
    - type: cosine_recall@1
      value: 0.6257142857142857
      name: Cosine Recall@1
    - type: cosine_recall@3
      value: 0.7614285714285715
      name: Cosine Recall@3
    - type: cosine_recall@5
      value: 0.8214285714285714
      name: Cosine Recall@5
    - type: cosine_recall@10
      value: 0.87
      name: Cosine Recall@10
    - type: cosine_ndcg@10
      value: 0.7469869474164086
      name: Cosine Ndcg@10
    - type: cosine_mrr@10
      value: 0.7076785714285712
      name: Cosine Mrr@10
    - type: cosine_map@100
      value: 0.711905388391952
      name: Cosine Map@100
  - task:
      type: information-retrieval
      name: Information Retrieval
    dataset:
      name: dim 128
      type: dim_128
    metrics:
    - type: cosine_accuracy@1
      value: 0.62
      name: Cosine Accuracy@1
    - type: cosine_accuracy@3
      value: 0.7371428571428571
      name: Cosine Accuracy@3
    - type: cosine_accuracy@5
      value: 0.7828571428571428
      name: Cosine Accuracy@5
    - type: cosine_accuracy@10
      value: 0.8485714285714285
      name: Cosine Accuracy@10
    - type: cosine_precision@1
      value: 0.62
      name: Cosine Precision@1
    - type: cosine_precision@3
      value: 0.24571428571428572
      name: Cosine Precision@3
    - type: cosine_precision@5
      value: 0.15657142857142856
      name: Cosine Precision@5
    - type: cosine_precision@10
      value: 0.08485714285714284
      name: Cosine Precision@10
    - type: cosine_recall@1
      value: 0.62
      name: Cosine Recall@1
    - type: cosine_recall@3
      value: 0.7371428571428571
      name: Cosine Recall@3
    - type: cosine_recall@5
      value: 0.7828571428571428
      name: Cosine Recall@5
    - type: cosine_recall@10
      value: 0.8485714285714285
      name: Cosine Recall@10
    - type: cosine_ndcg@10
      value: 0.7301000101741961
      name: Cosine Ndcg@10
    - type: cosine_mrr@10
      value: 0.6927205215419503
      name: Cosine Mrr@10
    - type: cosine_map@100
      value: 0.697374681707091
      name: Cosine Map@100
  - task:
      type: information-retrieval
      name: Information Retrieval
    dataset:
      name: dim 64
      type: dim_64
    metrics:
    - type: cosine_accuracy@1
      value: 0.5728571428571428
      name: Cosine Accuracy@1
    - type: cosine_accuracy@3
      value: 0.7014285714285714
      name: Cosine Accuracy@3
    - type: cosine_accuracy@5
      value: 0.73
      name: Cosine Accuracy@5
    - type: cosine_accuracy@10
      value: 0.7828571428571428
      name: Cosine Accuracy@10
    - type: cosine_precision@1
      value: 0.5728571428571428
      name: Cosine Precision@1
    - type: cosine_precision@3
      value: 0.23380952380952374
      name: Cosine Precision@3
    - type: cosine_precision@5
      value: 0.146
      name: Cosine Precision@5
    - type: cosine_precision@10
      value: 0.07828571428571428
      name: Cosine Precision@10
    - type: cosine_recall@1
      value: 0.5728571428571428
      name: Cosine Recall@1
    - type: cosine_recall@3
      value: 0.7014285714285714
      name: Cosine Recall@3
    - type: cosine_recall@5
      value: 0.73
      name: Cosine Recall@5
    - type: cosine_recall@10
      value: 0.7828571428571428
      name: Cosine Recall@10
    - type: cosine_ndcg@10
      value: 0.6772252893840157
      name: Cosine Ndcg@10
    - type: cosine_mrr@10
      value: 0.643600340136054
      name: Cosine Mrr@10
    - type: cosine_map@100
      value: 0.6506393379163631
      name: Cosine Map@100
---

# BGE base Financial Matryoshka

This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model finetuned from [BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5](https://huggingface.co/BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5) on the json dataset. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

## Model Details

### Model Description
- **Model Type:** Sentence Transformer
- **Base model:** [BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5](https://huggingface.co/BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5) <!-- at revision a5beb1e3e68b9ab74eb54cfd186867f64f240e1a -->
- **Maximum Sequence Length:** 512 tokens
- **Output Dimensionality:** 768 tokens
- **Similarity Function:** Cosine Similarity
- **Training Dataset:**
    - json
- **Language:** en
- **License:** apache-2.0

### Model Sources

- **Documentation:** [Sentence Transformers Documentation](https://sbert.net)
- **Repository:** [Sentence Transformers on GitHub](https://github.com/UKPLab/sentence-transformers)
- **Hugging Face:** [Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models?library=sentence-transformers)

### Full Model Architecture

```
SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': True}) with Transformer model: BertModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': True, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)
```

## Usage

### Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

```bash
pip install -U sentence-transformers
```

Then you can load this model and run inference.
```python
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("Avinashc/bge-base-financial-matryoshka")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'Management assessed the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023. In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013).',
    'What criteria did Caterpillar Inc. use to assess the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023?',
    'What are the primary components of U.S. sales volumes for Ford?',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]
```

<!--
### Direct Usage (Transformers)

<details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary>

</details>
-->

<!--
### Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers)

You can finetune this model on your own dataset.

<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>

</details>
-->

<!--
### Out-of-Scope Use

*List how the model may foreseeably be misused and address what users ought not to do with the model.*
-->

## Evaluation

### Metrics

#### Information Retrieval
* Dataset: `dim_768`
* Evaluated with [<code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.InformationRetrievalEvaluator)

| Metric              | Value      |
|:--------------------|:-----------|
| cosine_accuracy@1   | 0.6514     |
| cosine_accuracy@3   | 0.79       |
| cosine_accuracy@5   | 0.8229     |
| cosine_accuracy@10  | 0.8786     |
| cosine_precision@1  | 0.6514     |
| cosine_precision@3  | 0.2633     |
| cosine_precision@5  | 0.1646     |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.0879     |
| cosine_recall@1     | 0.6514     |
| cosine_recall@3     | 0.79       |
| cosine_recall@5     | 0.8229     |
| cosine_recall@10    | 0.8786     |
| cosine_ndcg@10      | 0.7658     |
| cosine_mrr@10       | 0.7298     |
| **cosine_map@100**  | **0.7338** |

#### Information Retrieval
* Dataset: `dim_512`
* Evaluated with [<code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.InformationRetrievalEvaluator)

| Metric              | Value      |
|:--------------------|:-----------|
| cosine_accuracy@1   | 0.6471     |
| cosine_accuracy@3   | 0.7829     |
| cosine_accuracy@5   | 0.8229     |
| cosine_accuracy@10  | 0.8686     |
| cosine_precision@1  | 0.6471     |
| cosine_precision@3  | 0.261      |
| cosine_precision@5  | 0.1646     |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.0869     |
| cosine_recall@1     | 0.6471     |
| cosine_recall@3     | 0.7829     |
| cosine_recall@5     | 0.8229     |
| cosine_recall@10    | 0.8686     |
| cosine_ndcg@10      | 0.7589     |
| cosine_mrr@10       | 0.7236     |
| **cosine_map@100**  | **0.7284** |

#### Information Retrieval
* Dataset: `dim_256`
* Evaluated with [<code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.InformationRetrievalEvaluator)

| Metric              | Value      |
|:--------------------|:-----------|
| cosine_accuracy@1   | 0.6257     |
| cosine_accuracy@3   | 0.7614     |
| cosine_accuracy@5   | 0.8214     |
| cosine_accuracy@10  | 0.87       |
| cosine_precision@1  | 0.6257     |
| cosine_precision@3  | 0.2538     |
| cosine_precision@5  | 0.1643     |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.087      |
| cosine_recall@1     | 0.6257     |
| cosine_recall@3     | 0.7614     |
| cosine_recall@5     | 0.8214     |
| cosine_recall@10    | 0.87       |
| cosine_ndcg@10      | 0.747      |
| cosine_mrr@10       | 0.7077     |
| **cosine_map@100**  | **0.7119** |

#### Information Retrieval
* Dataset: `dim_128`
* Evaluated with [<code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.InformationRetrievalEvaluator)

| Metric              | Value      |
|:--------------------|:-----------|
| cosine_accuracy@1   | 0.62       |
| cosine_accuracy@3   | 0.7371     |
| cosine_accuracy@5   | 0.7829     |
| cosine_accuracy@10  | 0.8486     |
| cosine_precision@1  | 0.62       |
| cosine_precision@3  | 0.2457     |
| cosine_precision@5  | 0.1566     |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.0849     |
| cosine_recall@1     | 0.62       |
| cosine_recall@3     | 0.7371     |
| cosine_recall@5     | 0.7829     |
| cosine_recall@10    | 0.8486     |
| cosine_ndcg@10      | 0.7301     |
| cosine_mrr@10       | 0.6927     |
| **cosine_map@100**  | **0.6974** |

#### Information Retrieval
* Dataset: `dim_64`
* Evaluated with [<code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.InformationRetrievalEvaluator)

| Metric              | Value      |
|:--------------------|:-----------|
| cosine_accuracy@1   | 0.5729     |
| cosine_accuracy@3   | 0.7014     |
| cosine_accuracy@5   | 0.73       |
| cosine_accuracy@10  | 0.7829     |
| cosine_precision@1  | 0.5729     |
| cosine_precision@3  | 0.2338     |
| cosine_precision@5  | 0.146      |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.0783     |
| cosine_recall@1     | 0.5729     |
| cosine_recall@3     | 0.7014     |
| cosine_recall@5     | 0.73       |
| cosine_recall@10    | 0.7829     |
| cosine_ndcg@10      | 0.6772     |
| cosine_mrr@10       | 0.6436     |
| **cosine_map@100**  | **0.6506** |

<!--
## Bias, Risks and Limitations

*What are the known or foreseeable issues stemming from this model? You could also flag here known failure cases or weaknesses of the model.*
-->

<!--
### Recommendations

*What are recommendations with respect to the foreseeable issues? For example, filtering explicit content.*
-->

## Training Details

### Training Dataset

#### json

* Dataset: json
* Size: 6,300 training samples
* Columns: <code>positive</code> and <code>anchor</code>
* Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
  |         | positive                                                                           | anchor                                                                            |
  |:--------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
  | type    | string                                                                             | string                                                                            |
  | details | <ul><li>min: 8 tokens</li><li>mean: 44.33 tokens</li><li>max: 289 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 9 tokens</li><li>mean: 20.43 tokens</li><li>max: 46 tokens</li></ul> |
* Samples:
  | positive                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | anchor                                                                                                                                                                             |
  |:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
  | <code>The Company defines fair value as the price received to transfer an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, the Company uses the fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), observable inputs other than quoted prices (Level 2), and unobservable inputs (Level 3).</code> | <code>What is the role of Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy according to ASC 820?</code>                                                            |
  | <code>In the event of conversion of the Notes, if shares are delivered to the Company under the Capped Call Transactions, they will offset the dilutive effect of the shares that the Company would issue under the Notes.</code>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | <code>What happens to the dilutive effect of shares issued under the Notes if shares are delivered to the Company under the Capped Call Transactions during the conversion?</code> |
  | <code>Marketing expenses increased $48.8 million to $759.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022.</code>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | <code>How much did the marketing expenses increase in the year ended December 31, 2023?</code>                                                                                     |
* Loss: [<code>MatryoshkaLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#matryoshkaloss) with these parameters:
  ```json
  {
      "loss": "MultipleNegativesRankingLoss",
      "matryoshka_dims": [
          768,
          512,
          256,
          128,
          64
      ],
      "matryoshka_weights": [
          1,
          1,
          1,
          1,
          1
      ],
      "n_dims_per_step": -1
  }
  ```

### Training Hyperparameters
#### Non-Default Hyperparameters

- `eval_strategy`: epoch
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 32
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 16
- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 16
- `learning_rate`: 2e-05
- `num_train_epochs`: 4
- `lr_scheduler_type`: cosine
- `warmup_ratio`: 0.1
- `bf16`: True
- `tf32`: True
- `load_best_model_at_end`: True
- `optim`: adamw_torch_fused
- `batch_sampler`: no_duplicates

#### All Hyperparameters
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>

- `overwrite_output_dir`: False
- `do_predict`: False
- `eval_strategy`: epoch
- `prediction_loss_only`: True
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 32
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 16
- `per_gpu_train_batch_size`: None
- `per_gpu_eval_batch_size`: None
- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 16
- `eval_accumulation_steps`: None
- `learning_rate`: 2e-05
- `weight_decay`: 0.0
- `adam_beta1`: 0.9
- `adam_beta2`: 0.999
- `adam_epsilon`: 1e-08
- `max_grad_norm`: 1.0
- `num_train_epochs`: 4
- `max_steps`: -1
- `lr_scheduler_type`: cosine
- `lr_scheduler_kwargs`: {}
- `warmup_ratio`: 0.1
- `warmup_steps`: 0
- `log_level`: passive
- `log_level_replica`: warning
- `log_on_each_node`: True
- `logging_nan_inf_filter`: True
- `save_safetensors`: True
- `save_on_each_node`: False
- `save_only_model`: False
- `restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint`: False
- `no_cuda`: False
- `use_cpu`: False
- `use_mps_device`: False
- `seed`: 42
- `data_seed`: None
- `jit_mode_eval`: False
- `use_ipex`: False
- `bf16`: True
- `fp16`: False
- `fp16_opt_level`: O1
- `half_precision_backend`: auto
- `bf16_full_eval`: False
- `fp16_full_eval`: False
- `tf32`: True
- `local_rank`: 0
- `ddp_backend`: None
- `tpu_num_cores`: None
- `tpu_metrics_debug`: False
- `debug`: []
- `dataloader_drop_last`: False
- `dataloader_num_workers`: 0
- `dataloader_prefetch_factor`: None
- `past_index`: -1
- `disable_tqdm`: False
- `remove_unused_columns`: True
- `label_names`: None
- `load_best_model_at_end`: True
- `ignore_data_skip`: False
- `fsdp`: []
- `fsdp_min_num_params`: 0
- `fsdp_config`: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
- `fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap`: None
- `accelerator_config`: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
- `deepspeed`: None
- `label_smoothing_factor`: 0.0
- `optim`: adamw_torch_fused
- `optim_args`: None
- `adafactor`: False
- `group_by_length`: False
- `length_column_name`: length
- `ddp_find_unused_parameters`: None
- `ddp_bucket_cap_mb`: None
- `ddp_broadcast_buffers`: False
- `dataloader_pin_memory`: True
- `dataloader_persistent_workers`: False
- `skip_memory_metrics`: True
- `use_legacy_prediction_loop`: False
- `push_to_hub`: False
- `resume_from_checkpoint`: None
- `hub_model_id`: None
- `hub_strategy`: every_save
- `hub_private_repo`: False
- `hub_always_push`: False
- `gradient_checkpointing`: False
- `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs`: None
- `include_inputs_for_metrics`: False
- `eval_do_concat_batches`: True
- `fp16_backend`: auto
- `push_to_hub_model_id`: None
- `push_to_hub_organization`: None
- `mp_parameters`: 
- `auto_find_batch_size`: False
- `full_determinism`: False
- `torchdynamo`: None
- `ray_scope`: last
- `ddp_timeout`: 1800
- `torch_compile`: False
- `torch_compile_backend`: None
- `torch_compile_mode`: None
- `dispatch_batches`: None
- `split_batches`: None
- `include_tokens_per_second`: False
- `include_num_input_tokens_seen`: False
- `neftune_noise_alpha`: None
- `optim_target_modules`: None
- `batch_eval_metrics`: False
- `batch_sampler`: no_duplicates
- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: proportional

</details>

### Training Logs
| Epoch    | Step  | dim_768_cosine_map@100 | dim_512_cosine_map@100 | dim_256_cosine_map@100 | dim_128_cosine_map@100 | dim_64_cosine_map@100 |
|:--------:|:-----:|:----------------------:|:----------------------:|:----------------------:|:----------------------:|:---------------------:|
| 0.64     | 1     | 0.7114                 | 0.7030                 | 0.6891                 | 0.6658                 | 0.6075                |
| 1.92     | 3     | 0.7323                 | 0.7288                 | 0.7106                 | 0.6916                 | 0.6464                |
| **2.56** | **4** | **0.7338**             | **0.7284**             | **0.7119**             | **0.6974**             | **0.6506**            |

* The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

### Framework Versions
- Python: 3.10.12
- Sentence Transformers: 3.2.0
- Transformers: 4.41.2
- PyTorch: 2.2.0a0+6a974be
- Accelerate: 0.27.0
- Datasets: 2.19.1
- Tokenizers: 0.19.1

## Citation

### BibTeX

#### Sentence Transformers
```bibtex
@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}
```

#### MatryoshkaLoss
```bibtex
@misc{kusupati2024matryoshka,
    title={Matryoshka Representation Learning},
    author={Aditya Kusupati and Gantavya Bhatt and Aniket Rege and Matthew Wallingford and Aditya Sinha and Vivek Ramanujan and William Howard-Snyder and Kaifeng Chen and Sham Kakade and Prateek Jain and Ali Farhadi},
    year={2024},
    eprint={2205.13147},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.LG}
}
```

#### MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
```bibtex
@misc{henderson2017efficient,
    title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
    author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1705.00652},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL}
}
```

<!--
## Glossary

*Clearly define terms in order to be accessible across audiences.*
-->

<!--
## Model Card Authors

*Lists the people who create the model card, providing recognition and accountability for the detailed work that goes into its construction.*
-->

<!--
## Model Card Contact

*Provides a way for people who have updates to the Model Card, suggestions, or questions, to contact the Model Card authors.*
-->