File size: 18,065 Bytes
8b4316d |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 |
---
base_model: klue/roberta-base
datasets: []
language: []
library_name: sentence-transformers
metrics:
- pearson_cosine
- spearman_cosine
- pearson_manhattan
- spearman_manhattan
- pearson_euclidean
- spearman_euclidean
- pearson_dot
- spearman_dot
- pearson_max
- spearman_max
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
tags:
- sentence-transformers
- sentence-similarity
- feature-extraction
- generated_from_trainer
- dataset_size:574421
- loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
- loss:CosineSimilarityLoss
widget:
- source_sentence: 여자가 닭을 자르고 있다.
sentences:
- 투어쿼이즈 셔츠와 반다나를 입은 미소 짓는 젊은 여성이 야외 테이블에서 포즈를 취하고 있다.
- 한 여성이 고기를 자르고 있다.
- 이스라엘 군인들이 웨스트 뱅크에서 팔레스타인 여성을 살해하다
- source_sentence: 여자가 불가에 춤을 추고 있다.
sentences:
- 한 여성이 목욕을 하고 있다.
- 아프가니스탄에서 6명의 나토군이 사망했다.
- 헤이글, "정치적" 미국 국방 예산 변경
- source_sentence: 딱딱한 모자를 쓴 남자가 건물 프레임 앞에 주차된 빨간 트럭의 침대를 쳐다본다.
sentences:
- 한 남자가 트럭을 보고 있다.
- 마데이라와 아조레스의 식민지화로 미래의 포르투갈 제국을 위한 토대가 마련되었다.
- 남자가 자고 있다.
- source_sentence: 벽돌 건물 앞 발코니 뒤에 네 사람이 서 있다.
sentences:
- 베이 근처.
- 그들은 거실에 앉는다
- 그 단체는 건물 밖에 있다
- source_sentence: 미시건 주 로물루스는 EPA가 청문회를 개최한 곳이다.
sentences:
- EPA는 어떠한 논평도 받지 못했고 따라서 판단을 내릴 수 없었다.
- 경기장에 있는 남자들은 모두 유니폼을 입고 게임에서 서로 경쟁한다.
- EPA는 제안된 규칙 제정 통지에 대응하여 받은 31개의 서면 논평 외에도 1997년 5월 15일 미시간 주 로물루스에서 공청회를 열었다.
model-index:
- name: SentenceTransformer based on klue/roberta-base
results:
- task:
type: semantic-similarity
name: Semantic Similarity
dataset:
name: sts dev
type: sts-dev
metrics:
- type: pearson_cosine
value: 0.8634506954598704
name: Pearson Cosine
- type: spearman_cosine
value: 0.8647074340279307
name: Spearman Cosine
- type: pearson_manhattan
value: 0.8562737127849268
name: Pearson Manhattan
- type: spearman_manhattan
value: 0.8608871812577726
name: Spearman Manhattan
- type: pearson_euclidean
value: 0.8563857602764446
name: Pearson Euclidean
- type: spearman_euclidean
value: 0.8609792300693055
name: Spearman Euclidean
- type: pearson_dot
value: 0.8412570461284377
name: Pearson Dot
- type: spearman_dot
value: 0.8396511605308362
name: Spearman Dot
- type: pearson_max
value: 0.8634506954598704
name: Pearson Max
- type: spearman_max
value: 0.8647074340279307
name: Spearman Max
---
# SentenceTransformer based on klue/roberta-base
This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model finetuned from [klue/roberta-base](https://huggingface.co/klue/roberta-base). It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.
## Model Details
### Model Description
- **Model Type:** Sentence Transformer
- **Base model:** [klue/roberta-base](https://huggingface.co/klue/roberta-base) <!-- at revision 02f94ba5e3fcb7e2a58a390b8639b0fac974a8da -->
- **Maximum Sequence Length:** 128 tokens
- **Output Dimensionality:** 768 tokens
- **Similarity Function:** Cosine Similarity
<!-- - **Training Dataset:** Unknown -->
<!-- - **Language:** Unknown -->
<!-- - **License:** Unknown -->
### Model Sources
- **Documentation:** [Sentence Transformers Documentation](https://sbert.net)
- **Repository:** [Sentence Transformers on GitHub](https://github.com/UKPLab/sentence-transformers)
- **Hugging Face:** [Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models?library=sentence-transformers)
### Full Model Architecture
```
SentenceTransformer(
(0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 128, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: RobertaModel
(1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
)
```
## Usage
### Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)
First install the Sentence Transformers library:
```bash
pip install -U sentence-transformers
```
Then you can load this model and run inference.
```python
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("sentence_transformers_model_id")
# Run inference
sentences = [
'미시건 주 로물루스는 EPA가 청문회를 개최한 곳이다.',
'EPA는 제안된 규칙 제정 통지에 대응하여 받은 31개의 서면 논평 외에도 1997년 5월 15일 미시간 주 로물루스에서 공청회를 열었다.',
'EPA는 어떠한 논평도 받지 못했고 따라서 판단을 내릴 수 없었다.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]
# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]
```
<!--
### Direct Usage (Transformers)
<details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary>
</details>
-->
<!--
### Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers)
You can finetune this model on your own dataset.
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
</details>
-->
<!--
### Out-of-Scope Use
*List how the model may foreseeably be misused and address what users ought not to do with the model.*
-->
## Evaluation
### Metrics
#### Semantic Similarity
* Dataset: `sts-dev`
* Evaluated with [<code>EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator)
| Metric | Value |
|:-------------------|:-----------|
| pearson_cosine | 0.8635 |
| spearman_cosine | 0.8647 |
| pearson_manhattan | 0.8563 |
| spearman_manhattan | 0.8609 |
| pearson_euclidean | 0.8564 |
| spearman_euclidean | 0.861 |
| pearson_dot | 0.8413 |
| spearman_dot | 0.8397 |
| pearson_max | 0.8635 |
| **spearman_max** | **0.8647** |
<!--
## Bias, Risks and Limitations
*What are the known or foreseeable issues stemming from this model? You could also flag here known failure cases or weaknesses of the model.*
-->
<!--
### Recommendations
*What are recommendations with respect to the foreseeable issues? For example, filtering explicit content.*
-->
## Training Details
### Training Datasets
#### Unnamed Dataset
* Size: 568,640 training samples
* Columns: <code>sentence_0</code>, <code>sentence_1</code>, and <code>sentence_2</code>
* Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
| | sentence_0 | sentence_1 | sentence_2 |
|:--------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| type | string | string | string |
| details | <ul><li>min: 4 tokens</li><li>mean: 19.2 tokens</li><li>max: 128 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 3 tokens</li><li>mean: 18.32 tokens</li><li>max: 93 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 4 tokens</li><li>mean: 14.6 tokens</li><li>max: 54 tokens</li></ul> |
* Samples:
| sentence_0 | sentence_1 | sentence_2 |
|:----------------------------------------|:-------------------------------------------------|:--------------------------------------|
| <code>발생 부하가 함께 5% 적습니다.</code> | <code>발생 부하의 5% 감소와 함께 11.</code> | <code>발생 부하가 5% 증가합니다.</code> |
| <code>어떤 행사를 위해 음식과 옷을 배급하는 여성들.</code> | <code>여성들은 음식과 옷을 나눠줌으로써 난민들을 돕고 있다.</code> | <code>여자들이 사막에서 오토바이를 운전하고 있다.</code> |
| <code>어린 아이들은 그 지식을 얻을 필요가 있다.</code> | <code>응, 우리 젊은이들 중 많은 사람들이 그걸 배워야 할 것 같아.</code> | <code>젊은 사람들은 배울 필요가 없다.</code> |
* Loss: [<code>MultipleNegativesRankingLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#multiplenegativesrankingloss) with these parameters:
```json
{
"scale": 20.0,
"similarity_fct": "cos_sim"
}
```
#### Unnamed Dataset
* Size: 5,781 training samples
* Columns: <code>sentence_0</code>, <code>sentence_1</code>, and <code>label</code>
* Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
| | sentence_0 | sentence_1 | label |
|:--------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------|
| type | string | string | float |
| details | <ul><li>min: 3 tokens</li><li>mean: 17.34 tokens</li><li>max: 63 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 3 tokens</li><li>mean: 17.32 tokens</li><li>max: 76 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 0.0</li><li>mean: 0.54</li><li>max: 1.0</li></ul> |
* Samples:
| sentence_0 | sentence_1 | label |
|:--------------------------------------------------|:------------------------------------------|:------------------|
| <code>NW 파키스탄 공습으로 군용 제트기가 38명의 무장단체를 살해하다</code> | <code>파키스탄에서 미군 드론이 무장단체 4명을 살해하다.</code> | <code>0.64</code> |
| <code>신부, 목사님.</code> | <code>레브</code> | <code>0.75</code> |
| <code>신냉전</code> | <code>새로운 냉전?</code> | <code>0.96</code> |
* Loss: [<code>CosineSimilarityLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#cosinesimilarityloss) with these parameters:
```json
{
"loss_fct": "torch.nn.modules.loss.MSELoss"
}
```
### Training Hyperparameters
#### Non-Default Hyperparameters
- `eval_strategy`: steps
- `num_train_epochs`: 5
- `batch_sampler`: no_duplicates
- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: round_robin
#### All Hyperparameters
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
- `overwrite_output_dir`: False
- `do_predict`: False
- `eval_strategy`: steps
- `prediction_loss_only`: True
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 8
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 8
- `per_gpu_train_batch_size`: None
- `per_gpu_eval_batch_size`: None
- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 1
- `eval_accumulation_steps`: None
- `learning_rate`: 5e-05
- `weight_decay`: 0.0
- `adam_beta1`: 0.9
- `adam_beta2`: 0.999
- `adam_epsilon`: 1e-08
- `max_grad_norm`: 1
- `num_train_epochs`: 5
- `max_steps`: -1
- `lr_scheduler_type`: linear
- `lr_scheduler_kwargs`: {}
- `warmup_ratio`: 0.0
- `warmup_steps`: 0
- `log_level`: passive
- `log_level_replica`: warning
- `log_on_each_node`: True
- `logging_nan_inf_filter`: True
- `save_safetensors`: True
- `save_on_each_node`: False
- `save_only_model`: False
- `restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint`: False
- `no_cuda`: False
- `use_cpu`: False
- `use_mps_device`: False
- `seed`: 42
- `data_seed`: None
- `jit_mode_eval`: False
- `use_ipex`: False
- `bf16`: False
- `fp16`: False
- `fp16_opt_level`: O1
- `half_precision_backend`: auto
- `bf16_full_eval`: False
- `fp16_full_eval`: False
- `tf32`: None
- `local_rank`: 0
- `ddp_backend`: None
- `tpu_num_cores`: None
- `tpu_metrics_debug`: False
- `debug`: []
- `dataloader_drop_last`: False
- `dataloader_num_workers`: 0
- `dataloader_prefetch_factor`: None
- `past_index`: -1
- `disable_tqdm`: False
- `remove_unused_columns`: True
- `label_names`: None
- `load_best_model_at_end`: False
- `ignore_data_skip`: False
- `fsdp`: []
- `fsdp_min_num_params`: 0
- `fsdp_config`: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
- `fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap`: None
- `accelerator_config`: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
- `deepspeed`: None
- `label_smoothing_factor`: 0.0
- `optim`: adamw_torch
- `optim_args`: None
- `adafactor`: False
- `group_by_length`: False
- `length_column_name`: length
- `ddp_find_unused_parameters`: None
- `ddp_bucket_cap_mb`: None
- `ddp_broadcast_buffers`: False
- `dataloader_pin_memory`: True
- `dataloader_persistent_workers`: False
- `skip_memory_metrics`: True
- `use_legacy_prediction_loop`: False
- `push_to_hub`: False
- `resume_from_checkpoint`: None
- `hub_model_id`: None
- `hub_strategy`: every_save
- `hub_private_repo`: False
- `hub_always_push`: False
- `gradient_checkpointing`: False
- `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs`: None
- `include_inputs_for_metrics`: False
- `eval_do_concat_batches`: True
- `fp16_backend`: auto
- `push_to_hub_model_id`: None
- `push_to_hub_organization`: None
- `mp_parameters`:
- `auto_find_batch_size`: False
- `full_determinism`: False
- `torchdynamo`: None
- `ray_scope`: last
- `ddp_timeout`: 1800
- `torch_compile`: False
- `torch_compile_backend`: None
- `torch_compile_mode`: None
- `dispatch_batches`: None
- `split_batches`: None
- `include_tokens_per_second`: False
- `include_num_input_tokens_seen`: False
- `neftune_noise_alpha`: None
- `optim_target_modules`: None
- `batch_eval_metrics`: False
- `batch_sampler`: no_duplicates
- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: round_robin
</details>
### Training Logs
| Epoch | Step | Training Loss | sts-dev_spearman_max |
|:------:|:----:|:-------------:|:--------------------:|
| 0.3458 | 500 | 0.4135 | - |
| 0.6916 | 1000 | 0.2852 | 0.8416 |
| 1.0007 | 1447 | - | 0.8560 |
| 1.0367 | 1500 | 0.2674 | - |
| 1.3824 | 2000 | 0.1431 | 0.8588 |
| 1.7282 | 2500 | 0.0832 | - |
| 2.0007 | 2894 | - | 0.8637 |
| 2.0733 | 3000 | 0.0762 | 0.8639 |
| 2.4191 | 3500 | 0.042 | - |
| 2.7649 | 4000 | 0.0342 | 0.8647 |
### Framework Versions
- Python: 3.11.9
- Sentence Transformers: 3.0.1
- Transformers: 4.41.2
- PyTorch: 2.2.2+cu121
- Accelerate: 0.31.0
- Datasets: 2.20.0
- Tokenizers: 0.19.1
## Citation
### BibTeX
#### Sentence Transformers
```bibtex
@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
month = "11",
year = "2019",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}
```
#### MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
```bibtex
@misc{henderson2017efficient,
title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
year={2017},
eprint={1705.00652},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.CL}
}
```
<!--
## Glossary
*Clearly define terms in order to be accessible across audiences.*
-->
<!--
## Model Card Authors
*Lists the people who create the model card, providing recognition and accountability for the detailed work that goes into its construction.*
-->
<!--
## Model Card Contact
*Provides a way for people who have updates to the Model Card, suggestions, or questions, to contact the Model Card authors.*
--> |