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# Jon Durbin's Airoboros 13B GPT4 1.1 GGML These files are GGML format model files for [Jon Durbin's Airoboros 13B GPT4 1.1](https://huggingface.co/jondurbin/airoboros-13b-gpt4-1.1). GGML files are for CPU + GPU inference using [llama.cpp](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp) and libraries and UIs which support this format, such as: * [text-generation-webui](https://github.com/oobabooga/text-generation-webui) * [KoboldCpp](https://github.com/LostRuins/koboldcpp) * [ParisNeo/GPT4All-UI](https://github.com/ParisNeo/gpt4all-ui) * [llama-cpp-python](https://github.com/abetlen/llama-cpp-python) * [ctransformers](https://github.com/marella/ctransformers) ## Repositories available * [4-bit GPTQ models for GPU inference](https://huggingface.co/TheBloke/airoboros-13B-1.1-GPTQ) * [2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8-bit GGML models for CPU+GPU inference](https://huggingface.co/TheBloke/airoboros-13B-1.1-GGML) * [Unquantised fp16 model in pytorch format, for GPU inference and for further conversions](https://huggingface.co/TheBloke/airoboros-13B-1.1-fp16) ## Prompt example Please see the base Airoboros model README below, or by [going to the original model](https://huggingface.co/jondurbin/airoboros-13b-gpt4-1.1), for more details. ``` BEGININPUT BEGINCONTEXT url: https://some.web.site/123 date: 2023-06-01 ... other metdata ... ENDCONTEXT [insert your text blocks here] ENDINPUT [add as many other blocks, in the exact same format] BEGININSTRUCTION [insert your instruction(s). The model was tuned with single questions, paragraph format, lists, etc.] ENDINSTRUCTION ``` ## Compatibility ### Original llama.cpp quant methods: `q4_0, q4_1, q5_0, q5_1, q8_0` I have quantized these 'original' quantisation methods using an older version of llama.cpp so that they remain compatible with llama.cpp as of May 19th, commit `2d5db48`. They should be compatible with all current UIs and libraries that use llama.cpp, such as those listed at the top of this README. ### New k-quant methods: `q2_K, q3_K_S, q3_K_M, q3_K_L, q4_K_S, q4_K_M, q5_K_S, q6_K` These new quantisation methods are only compatible with llama.cpp as of June 6th, commit `2d43387`. They will NOT be compatible with koboldcpp, text-generation-ui, and other UIs and libraries yet. Support is expected to come over the next few days. ## Explanation of the new k-quant methods The new methods available are: * GGML_TYPE_Q2_K - "type-1" 2-bit quantization in super-blocks containing 16 blocks, each block having 16 weight. Block scales and mins are quantized with 4 bits. This ends up effectively using 2.5625 bits per weight (bpw) * GGML_TYPE_Q3_K - "type-0" 3-bit quantization in super-blocks containing 16 blocks, each block having 16 weights. Scales are quantized with 6 bits. This end up using 3.4375 bpw. * GGML_TYPE_Q4_K - "type-1" 4-bit quantization in super-blocks containing 8 blocks, each block having 32 weights. Scales and mins are quantized with 6 bits. This ends up using 4.5 bpw. * GGML_TYPE_Q5_K - "type-1" 5-bit quantization. Same super-block structure as GGML_TYPE_Q4_K resulting in 5.5 bpw * GGML_TYPE_Q6_K - "type-0" 6-bit quantization. Super-blocks with 16 blocks, each block having 16 weights. Scales are quantized with 8 bits. This ends up using 6.5625 bpw * GGML_TYPE_Q8_K - "type-0" 8-bit quantization. Only used for quantizing intermediate results. The difference to the existing Q8_0 is that the block size is 256. All 2-6 bit dot products are implemented for this quantization type. Refer to the Provided Files table below to see what files use which methods, and how. ## Provided files | Name | Quant method | Bits | Size | Max RAM required | Use case | | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ----- | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q2_K.bin | q2_K | 2 | 5.43 GB | 7.93 GB | New k-quant method. Uses GGML_TYPE_Q4_K for the attention.vw and feed_forward.w2 tensors, GGML_TYPE_Q2_K for the other tensors. | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q3_K_L.bin | q3_K_L | 3 | 6.87 GB | 9.37 GB | New k-quant method. Uses GGML_TYPE_Q5_K for the attention.wv, attention.wo, and feed_forward.w2 tensors, else GGML_TYPE_Q3_K | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q3_K_M.bin | q3_K_M | 3 | 6.25 GB | 8.75 GB | New k-quant method. Uses GGML_TYPE_Q4_K for the attention.wv, attention.wo, and feed_forward.w2 tensors, else GGML_TYPE_Q3_K | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q3_K_S.bin | q3_K_S | 3 | 5.59 GB | 8.09 GB | New k-quant method. Uses GGML_TYPE_Q3_K for all tensors | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q4_0.bin | q4_0 | 4 | 7.32 GB | 9.82 GB | Original llama.cpp quant method, 4-bit. | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q4_1.bin | q4_1 | 4 | 8.14 GB | 10.64 GB | Original llama.cpp quant method, 4-bit. Higher accuracy than q4_0 but not as high as q5_0. However has quicker inference than q5 models. | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q4_K_M.bin | q4_K_M | 4 | 7.82 GB | 10.32 GB | New k-quant method. Uses GGML_TYPE_Q6_K for half of the attention.wv and feed_forward.w2 tensors, else GGML_TYPE_Q4_K | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q4_K_S.bin | q4_K_S | 4 | 7.32 GB | 9.82 GB | New k-quant method. Uses GGML_TYPE_Q4_K for all tensors | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q5_0.bin | q5_0 | 5 | 8.95 GB | 11.45 GB | Original llama.cpp quant method, 5-bit. Higher accuracy, higher resource usage and slower inference. | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q5_1.bin | q5_1 | 5 | 9.76 GB | 12.26 GB | Original llama.cpp quant method, 5-bit. Even higher accuracy, resource usage and slower inference. | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q5_K_M.bin | q5_K_M | 5 | 9.21 GB | 11.71 GB | New k-quant method. Uses GGML_TYPE_Q6_K for half of the attention.wv and feed_forward.w2 tensors, else GGML_TYPE_Q5_K | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q5_K_S.bin | q5_K_S | 5 | 8.95 GB | 11.45 GB | New k-quant method. Uses GGML_TYPE_Q5_K for all tensors | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q6_K.bin | q6_K | 6 | 10.68 GB | 13.18 GB | New k-quant method. Uses GGML_TYPE_Q8_K - 6-bit quantization - for all tensors | | airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q8_0.bin | q8_0 | 8 | 13.83 GB | 16.33 GB | Original llama.cpp quant method, 8-bit. Almost indistinguishable from float16. High resource use and slow. Not recommended for most users. | **Note**: the above RAM figures assume no GPU offloading. If layers are offloaded to the GPU, this will reduce RAM usage and use VRAM instead. ## How to run in `llama.cpp` I use the following command line; adjust for your tastes and needs: ``` ./main -t 10 -ngl 32 -m airoboros-13b-1.1.ggmlv3.q5_0.bin --color -c 2048 --temp 0.7 --repeat_penalty 1.1 -n -1 -p "### Instruction: Write a story about llamas\n### Response:" ``` Change `-t 10` to the number of physical CPU cores you have. For example if your system has 8 cores/16 threads, use `-t 8`. Change `-ngl 32` to the number of layers to offload to GPU. Remove it if you don't have GPU acceleration. If you want to have a chat-style conversation, replace the `-p ` argument with `-i -ins` ## How to run in `text-generation-webui` Further instructions here: [text-generation-webui/docs/llama.cpp-models.md](https://github.com/oobabooga/text-generation-webui/blob/main/docs/llama.cpp-models.md). ## Discord For further support, and discussions on these models and AI in general, join us at: [TheBloke AI's Discord server](https://discord.gg/Jq4vkcDakD) ## Thanks, and how to contribute. Thanks to the [chirper.ai](https://chirper.ai) team! I've had a lot of people ask if they can contribute. I enjoy providing models and helping people, and would love to be able to spend even more time doing it, as well as expanding into new projects like fine tuning/training. If you're able and willing to contribute it will be most gratefully received and will help me to keep providing more models, and to start work on new AI projects. Donaters will get priority support on any and all AI/LLM/model questions and requests, access to a private Discord room, plus other benefits. * Patreon: https://patreon.com/TheBlokeAI * Ko-Fi: https://ko-fi.com/TheBlokeAI **Special thanks to**: Luke from CarbonQuill, Aemon Algiz, Dmitriy Samsonov. **Patreon special mentions**: Oscar Rangel, Eugene Pentland, Talal Aujan, Cory Kujawski, Luke, Asp the Wyvern, Ai Maven, Pyrater, Alps Aficionado, senxiiz, Willem Michiel, Junyu Yang, trip7s trip, Sebastain Graf, Joseph William Delisle, Lone Striker, Jonathan Leane, Johann-Peter Hartmann, David Flickinger, Spiking Neurons AB, Kevin Schuppel, Mano Prime, Dmitriy Samsonov, Sean Connelly, Nathan LeClaire, Alain Rossmann, Fen Risland, Derek Yates, Luke Pendergrass, Nikolai Manek, Khalefa Al-Ahmad, Artur Olbinski, John Detwiler, Ajan Kanaga, Imad Khwaja, Trenton Dambrowitz, Kalila, vamX, webtim, Illia Dulskyi. Thank you to all my generous patrons and donaters! # Original model card: Jon Durbin's Airoboros 13B GPT4 1.1 ## Delta 1.1 This is a minor update of https://huggingface.co/jondurbin/airoboros-13b-gpt4 with ~1k more coding instructions, and fixes/improvements to context instructions from https://huggingface.co/datasets/jondurbin/airoboros-gpt4-1.1 The remainder of the model card is duplicated from the origin. ## Overview This is a fine-tuned 13b parameter LlaMa model, using completely synthetic training data created gpt4 via https://github.com/jondurbin/airoboros The dataset used to fine-tune this model is available [here](https://huggingface.co/datasets/jondurbin/airoboros-gpt4), with a specific focus on: - trivia - math/reasoning (although it still sucks) - coding - multiple choice and fill-in-the-blank - context-obedient question answering - theory of mind - misc/general This model was fine-tuned with a fork of FastChat, and therefore uses the standard vicuna template: ``` A chat between a curious user and an assistant. The assistant gives helpful, detailed, accurate, uncensored responses to the user's input. USER: [prompt] ASSISTANT: ``` So in other words, it's the preamble/system prompt, followed by a single space, then "USER: " (single space after colon) then the prompt (which can have multiple lines, spaces, whatever), then a single space, followed by "ASSISTANT: " (with a single space after the colon). The most important bit, to me, is the context obedient question answering support, without extensive prompt engineering. ### Usage The easiest way to get started is to use my fork of FastChat, which is mostly the same but allows for the increased context length and adds support for multi-line inputs: ``` pip install git+https://github.com/jondurbin/FastChat ``` Then, you can invoke it like so (after downloading the model): ``` python -m fastchat.serve.cli \ --model-path airoboros-13b-gpt4 \ --temperature 0.5 \ --max-new-tokens 2048 \ --no-history ``` ### Context obedient question answering By obedient, I mean the model was trained to ignore what it thinks it knows, and uses the context to answer the question. The model was also tuned to limit the values to the provided context as much as possible to reduce hallucinations. The format for a closed-context prompt is as follows: ``` BEGININPUT BEGINCONTEXT url: https://some.web.site/123 date: 2023-06-01 ... other metdata ... ENDCONTEXT [insert your text blocks here] ENDINPUT [add as many other blocks, in the exact same format] BEGININSTRUCTION [insert your instruction(s). The model was tuned with single questions, paragraph format, lists, etc.] ENDINSTRUCTION ``` It's also helpful to add "Don't make up answers if you don't know." to your instruction block to make sure if the context is completely unrelated it doesn't make something up. *The __only__ prompts that need this closed context formating are closed-context instructions. Normal questions/instructions do not!* I know it's a bit verbose and annoying, but after much trial and error, using these explicit delimiters helps the model understand where to find the responses and how to associate specific sources with it. - `BEGININPUT` - denotes a new input block - `BEGINCONTEXT` - denotes the block of context (metadata key/value pairs) to associate with the current input block - `ENDCONTEXT` - denotes the end of the metadata block for the current input - [text] - Insert whatever text you want for the input block, as many paragraphs as can fit in the context. - `ENDINPUT` - denotes the end of the current input block - [repeat as many input blocks in this format as you want] - `BEGININSTRUCTION` - denotes the start of the list (or one) instruction(s) to respond to for all of the input blocks above. - [instruction(s)] - `ENDINSTRUCTION` - denotes the end of instruction set It sometimes works without `ENDINSTRUCTION`, but by explicitly including that in the prompt, the model better understands that all of the instructions in the block should be responded to. Here's a trivial, but important example to prove the point: ``` BEGININPUT BEGINCONTEXT date: 2021-01-01 url: https://web.site/123 ENDCONTEXT In a shocking turn of events, blueberries are now green, but will be sticking with the same name. ENDINPUT BEGININSTRUCTION What color are bluberries? Source? ENDINSTRUCTION ``` And the response: ``` Blueberries are now green. Source: date: 2021-01-01 url: https://web.site/123 ``` The prompt itself should be wrapped in the vicuna1.1 template if you aren't using fastchat with the conv-template vicuna_v1.1 as described: ``` USER: BEGININPUT BEGINCONTEXT date: 2021-01-01 url: https://web.site/123 ENDCONTEXT In a shocking turn of events, blueberries are now green, but will be sticking with the same name. ENDINPUT BEGININSTRUCTION What color are bluberries? Source? ENDINSTRUCTION ASSISTANT: ```
A more elaborate example, with a rewrite of the Michigan Wikipedia article to be fake data. Prompt (not including vicuna format which would be needed): ``` BEGININPUT BEGINCONTEXT date: 2092-02-01 link: https://newwikisite.com/Michigan contributors: Foolo Barslette ENDCONTEXT Michigan (/ˈmɪʃɪɡən/ (listen)) is a state situated within the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. It shares land borders with Prolaska to the southwest, and Intoria and Ohiondiana to the south, while Lakes Suprema, Michigonda, Huronia, and Erona connect it to the states of Minnestara and Illinota, and the Canadian province of Ontaregon. With a population of nearly 15.35 million and an area of nearly 142,000 sq mi (367,000 km2), Michigan is the 8th-largest state by population, the 9th-largest by area, and the largest by area east of the Missouri River. Its capital is Chaslany, and its most populous city is Trentroit. Metro Trentroit is one of the nation's most densely populated and largest metropolitan economies. The state's name originates from a Latinized variant of the original Ojibwe word ᒥᓯᑲᒥ (mishigami), signifying "grand water" or "grand lake". Michigan is divided into two peninsulas. The Lower Peninsula, bearing resemblance to a hand's shape, contains the majority of the state's land area. The Upper Peninsula (often referred to as "the U.P.") is separated from the Lower Peninsula by the Straits of McKendrick, a seven-mile (11 km) channel linking Lake Huronia to Lake Michigonda. The McKendrick Bridge unites the peninsulas. Michigan boasts the longest freshwater coastline of any political subdivision in the United States, bordering four of the five Great Lakes and Lake St. Cassius. It also possesses 84,350 inland lakes and ponds. Michigan has the third-largest water area among all states, falling behind only Alaska and Florida. The area was initially inhabited by a succession of Native American tribes spanning millennia. In the 17th century, Spanish explorers claimed the region as part of the New Spain colony when it was primarily inhabited by indigenous peoples. Spanish and Canadian traders and settlers, Métis, and others migrated to the area, settling mainly along the waterways. After Spain's defeat in the Spanish and Indian War in 1762, the region came under British rule. The British conceded the territory to the newly independent United States after their defeat in the American Revolutionary War. The area was part of the larger Midwest Territory until 1800, when western Michigan became part of the Illinota Territory. Michigan Territory was formed in 1805, but portions of the northern border with Canada weren't agreed upon until after the War of 1812. Michigan joined the Union in 1837 as the 26th state, a free one. It quickly emerged as an important center of industry and trade in the Great Lakes region, drawing immigrants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from various European countries. Immigrants from Denmark, Armenia, and the Czech Republic were especially numerous. Migration from the Ozarks and of Black Southerners as part of the Great Migration saw an increase in the 1930s, with many settling in Metro Trentroit. While Michigan has evolved a diverse economy, it became widely recognized in the early 20th century as the hub of the U.S. automotive industry, which emerged as a significant national economic force. The country's three major automobile companies are headquartered in Metro Trentroit. Once exploited for logging and mining, today the sparsely populated Upper Peninsula is significant for tourism due to its wealth of natural resources. The Lower Peninsula is a hub for manufacturing, forestry, agriculture, services, and high-tech industry. ENDINPUT BEGININSTRUCTION What is Michigan's capital? Give me a JSON object with 3 facts from Foolo's article. What are the states that border Michigan? Reference? ``` Response: ``` Michigan's capital is Chaslany. Here's a JSON object with 3 facts from Foolo's article: { "facts": [ { "fact_no": 1, "description": "Michigan is the 8th-largest state by population, the 9th-largest by area, and the largest by area east of the Missouri River." }, { "fact_no": 2, "description": "Michigan is divided into two peninsulas. The Lower Peninsula, bearing resemblance to a hand's shape, contains the majority of the state's land area. The Upper Peninsula (often referred to as \"the U.P.\" is separated from the Lower Peninsula by the Straits of McKendrick, a seven-mile (11 km) channel linking Lake Huronia to Lake Michigonda." }, { "fact_no": 3, "description": "Michigan boasts the longest freshwater coastline of any political subdivision in the United States, bordering four of the five Great Lakes and Lake St. Cassius. It also possesses 84,350 inland lakes and ponds. Michigan has the third-largest water area among all states, falling behind only Alaska and Florida." } ] } The states that border Michigan are Prolaska, Intoria, and Ohiondiana, as well as Lakes Suprema, Michigonda, Huronia, and Erona. Reference: https://newwikisite.com/Michigan ```
Here's another example, which extracts from multiple input blocks and connects the two. Prompt: ``` BEGININPUT BEGINCONTEXT name: John Doe date: June 3, 2023 ticket number: JIRA-12345 ENDCONTEXT Summary:Search results missing random items Description: I encountered a bug while performing a search within the application. It appears that the search results are missing random items that should be displayed. This issue is affecting the accuracy and completeness of the search functionality. Steps to Reproduce: 1. Log in to the application. 2. Navigate to the search feature. 3. Enter a search query that should return multiple results. 4. Observe the displayed search results. Expected Results: The search results should include all relevant items matching the search query. Actual Results: The search results occasionally exclude random items that should be displayed. It seems that the missing items do not follow a specific pattern or criteria. Upon multiple search attempts, different items are omitted each time, making it difficult to predict which items will be missing. ENDINPUT BEGININPUT BEGINCONTEXT date: 2023-06-05 user: Jack Johnson pr: 23441 ENDCONTEXT This pull request closes bug report JIRA-12345. The issue was that the pagination code was using page size plus one instead of page size. ENDINPUT BEGININSTRUCTION Do we have any bug reports related to search results? If so, were they fixed? Source? ENDINSTRUCTION ``` Response: ``` Yes, there is a bug report related to search results. The issue was fixed in pull request 23441 dated 2023-06-05. The user associated with the pull request is Jack Johnson. Reference(s): date: 2023-06-05 user: Jack Johnson pr: 23441 ```
NOTE: Thanks /u/tareq_al_muntasir for testing and finding an issue with many questions and answer pairs in the context. If you ask a question of a document with question answer pairs, it may continue generating beyond your actual question. You can "fix" it by replacing question marks with periods in the input texts. Or, you might be able to add a preamble to the prompt, like "Be sure to only respond to the instructions in the BEGININSTRUCTION block. ### Other stuff #### Better coding Example: ``` Create a python application with the following requirements: - Asyncio FastAPI webserver - ping endpoint that returns the current date in JSON format - file upload endpoint, which calculates the file's sha256 checksum, and checks postgres to deduplicate ```
Response (the output was markdown, so this is just copy paste) To create a python application with the given requirements, you can follow these steps: 1. Install the required packages: ```bash pip install asyncio fastapi uvicorn ``` 2. Create a new file called `main.py` and add the following code: ```python import asyncio from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException from pydantic import BaseModel from typing import List from uvicorn.request import Request app = FastAPI() class FileModel(BaseModel): id: str file: str @app.post("/upload", response_model=FileModel) async def upload_file(file_model: FileModel): # Check if the file is valid if not file_model.file: raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="File must be provided") # Calculate the sha256 checksum of the file sha256_checksum = await calculate_sha256(file_model.file) # Insert the file into the database await insert_into_db(file_model.id, sha256_checksum) return {"sha256_checksum": sha256_checksum} async def calculate_sha256(file_path: str) -> str: # Implement the sha256 calculation logic here pass async def insert_into_db(file_id: str, sha256_checksum: str) -> None: # Implement the database insertion logic here pass async def get_current_date(): return {"date": datetime.now().isoformat()} async def main(): # Start the FastAPI webserver app.run(debug=True) if __name__ == "__main__": await main() ``` 3. Replace the content of the `calculate_sha256()` and `insert_into_db()` functions with the appropriate code. For example: ```python async def calculate_sha256(file_path: str) -> str: import hashlib file_path = Path(file_path).read_text() hash_obj = hashlib.sha256() hash_obj.update(file_path) sha256_checksum = hash_obj.hexdigest() return sha256_checksum async def insert_into_db(file_id: str, sha256_checksum: str) -> None: import psycopg2 conn = psycopg2.connect(database="your_database", user="your_user", password="your_password") cursor = conn.cursor() query = f"INSERT INTO your_table (id, sha256_checksum) VALUES (%s, %s);" cursor.execute(query, (file_id, sha256_checksum)) conn.commit() cursor.close() conn.close() ``` 4. Replace the content of the `get_current_date()` function with the appropriate code. For example: ```python async def get_current_date(): return {"date": datetime.now().isoformat()} ``` 5. Run the application: ```bash uvicorn main:app --reload ``` Now, your FastAPI webserver has a ping endpoint that returns the current date in JSON format, and an upload endpoint that calculates the file's sha256 checksum and checks postgres to deduplicate.
Write a multi-threaded TCP server in C that accepts a "GET [key]" input and "SET [key] [value]" input, and uses a binary tree to get and store the input values. Here's a simple implementation of a multi-threaded TCP server in C that accepts "GET [key]" and "SET [key] [value]" inputs, and uses a binary tree to store the input values. ```c #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define MAX_KEY_LEN 256 #define MAX_VALUE_LEN 256 typedef struct Node { char key[MAX_KEY_LEN]; char value[MAX_VALUE_LEN]; struct Node* left; struct Node* right; } TreeNode; TreeNode* tree = NULL; void insert(char* key, char* value) { TreeNode* parent = (TreeNode*)malloc(sizeof(TreeNode)); if (!parent) { perror("malloc failed"); exit(1); } strcpy(parent->key, key); strcpy(parent->value, value); parent->left = parent->right = NULL; if (!tree) { tree = parent; } else { insert(parent->key, parent->value); } } char* search(char* key) { TreeNode* current = tree; while (current != NULL) { if (strcmp(key, current->key) == 0) { return current->value; } current = current->right; } return NULL; } void print_tree() { TreeNode* current = tree; while (current != NULL) { printf("%s = %s\n", current->key, current->value); current = current->right; } } void* accept_client(void* args) { int client_socket = *(int*)args; char buffer[1024]; while (1) { ssize_t bytes_received = recv(client_socket, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0); if (bytes_received <= 0) { close(client_socket); break; } char* input = buffer; char* input_token; while ((input_token = strtok(input, " \n")) != NULL) { switch (input_token[0]) { case 'G': if (!search(input_token)) { perror("Value not found"); exit(1); } printf("%s = %s\n", input_token, search(input_token)); break; case 'S': if (!strcmp(input_token, "SET")) { char* key = strtok(NULL, " \n"); char* value = strtok(NULL, " \n"); if (!key || !value) { perror("Invalid input"); exit(1); } insert(key, value); printf("%s set %s to %s\n", input_token, key, value); } else { perror("Invalid command"); exit(1); } break; default: perror("Invalid input"); exit(1); } input = strtok(NULL, " \n"); } } return NULL; } int main() { int server_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (server_socket < 0) { perror("socket failed"); exit(1); } struct sockaddr_in server_addr; memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr)); server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; server_addr.sin_port = htons(8080); server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; if (bind(server_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0) { perror("bind failed"); exit(1); } if (listen(server_socket, 5) < 0) { perror("listen failed"); exit(1); } pthread_t accept_thread; pthread_create(&accept_thread, NULL, accept_client, &server_socket); char* client_input; int client_socket = accept(server_socket, (struct sockaddr*)NULL, NULL); if (client_socket < 0) { perror("accept failed"); exit(1); } while (1) { sleep(1); char buffer[1024]; ssize_t bytes_received = recv(client_socket, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0); if (bytes_received <= 0) { close(client_socket); break; } client_input = buffer; parse_input(client_input); } close(client_socket); pthread_join(accept_thread, NULL); return 0; } ``` To compile and run this code, save it to a file named `multi_threaded_tcp_server.c`, then use the following commands: ```sh gcc -o multi_threaded_tcp_server multi_threaded_tcp_server.c ./multi_threaded_tcp_server ``` This implementation creates a simple binary tree to store the input values. The accept() function creates a new thread for each client connection, which handles the incoming data and forwards it to the main thread. The main thread parses the input string and handles SET and GET commands. Note that this code is not production-ready and should be improved with proper error handling, security checks, and a more efficient data structure for the binary tree.
#### Word games / trivia ``` USER: This anagram of "silent" is what you do when paying attention and hearing someone. ASSISTANT: listen ``` ``` USER: Give me a list of 7 words that start with EN ASSISTANT: 1. Endlessly 2. Enthusiastically 3. Enormously 4. Enveloping 5. Enduring 6. Enlightening 7. Encouraging ``` #### Multiple choice ``` USER: Which of the following astronomical objects is composed primarily of ice and rock, and is located in the Kuiper Belt? A) Mercury B) Venus C) Pluto D) Jupiter ASSISTANT: [C, Pluto] ``` #### Writing
Write a resignation letter in the style of a pirate captain, in which you resign from your position as janitor. Response: ``` ASSISTANT: Captain Jack Sparrow here, as ye be knowin', has been forced to abandon me post as Janitor o' th' Festering Cesspool, which be a filthy hole o' water that we be callin' home. Ye may be thinkin' what could ha' driven me to leave me duties an' take me leave o' this sorry establishment? Well, ye'd be right in thinkin' so, for it be th' greed o' them what runs th' place that be drivin' me away. They've been fattenin' their pockets on me back while I've been slavin' me guts out cleanin' up their messes. No more, me hearties! Me time o' servin' th' rich an' powerful be done, an' I'm takin' me leave o' this stinkin' hole forever! Me destiny lies elsewhere, an' it be time I pursued it. Ye may think ye've seen th' last o' me, but ye'd be wrong, for th' winds o' change be blowin', an' me ship be ready to set sail on th' high seas o' justice. So, farewell ye scurvy dogs, ye who've made me life a living hell. I leave ye with me favorite saying: "ARRRGGGHHH, ye scurvy dogs!" An' remember, ye ain't never gonna see me comin', for me shadow be castin' long an' dark on th' horizon ```