{ "Contributors": [ "Jalansh Munshi" ], "Source": [ "PubMedQA" ], "URL": [ "https://huggingface.co/datasets/pubmed_qa" ], "Categories": [ "Fact Verification" ], "Reasoning": [], "Definition": [ "Given a passage with a question and an answer to that question, classify if the answer actually answers the question into 'yes' or 'no'. Output 'yes' if the answer answers the question and output 'no' if the answer does not answer the question." ], "Input_language": [ "English" ], "Output_language": [ "English" ], "Instruction_language": [ "English" ], "Domains": [ "Academical Papers" ], "Positive Examples": [ { "input": "Question: Are group 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s ) increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps or eosinophilia?\nAnswer: As ILC2s are elevated in patients with CRSwNP, they may drive nasal polyp formation in CRS. ILC2s are also linked with high tissue and blood eosinophilia and have a potential role in the activation and survival of eosinophils during the Th2 immune response. The association of innate lymphoid cells in CRS provides insights into its pathogenesis.", "output": "yes", "explanation": "The answer clearly says that ICLSs are elevated, which is exactly what the question asks. Hence, the output will be yes and it is correct." }, { "input": "Question: Does vagus nerve contribute to the development of steatohepatitis and obesity in phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase deficient mice?\nAnswer: Neuronal signals via the hepatic vagus nerve contribute to the development of steatohepatitis and protection against obesity in HFD fed Pemt(-/-) mice.", "output": "yes", "explanation": "The answer is in accordance with the question and clearly says that neuronal signals contribute to development of steatohepatitis. Hence, the output will be yes and it is correct." }, { "input": "Question: Does psammaplin A induce Sirtuin 1-dependent autophagic cell death in doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7/adr human breast cancer cells and xenografts?\nAnswer: PsA significantly inhibited MCF-7/adr cells proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner, with accumulation of cells in G2/M phase of the cell cycle. PsA significantly decreased SIRT1 enzyme activity and reduced expression of SIRT1 protein in the cultured cells with greater potency than sirtinol or salermide. Acetylation of p53, a putative target of SIRT1, increased significantly following PsA treatment. In addition, PsA markedly increased the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins. In support of this, it was found that PsA significantly increased the expression of damage-regulated autophagy modulator (DRAM), a p53-induced protein.", "output": "yes", "explanation": "The answer says that psammaplin (PsA) increased the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins, which is in accordance with the question. Hence, this output is correct." } ], "Negative Examples": [ { "input": "Question: Is methylation of the FGFR2 gene associated with high birth weight centile in humans?\n Answer: We identified a novel biologically plausible candidate (FGFR2) for with BWC that merits further study.", "output": "no", "explanation": "It is mentioned in the answer that a novel biologically plausible candidate (FGFR2) for birth weight centile (BWC) as identified that merits further study. This answer satisfies the question. The output should be 'yes' and hence, this is a bad example." }, { "input": "Question: Do tumor-infiltrating immune cell profiles and their change after neoadjuvant chemotherapy predict response and prognosis of breast cancer?\nAnswer: Breast cancer immune cell subpopulation profiles, determined by immunohistochemistry-based computerized analysis, identify groups of patients characterized by high response (in the pre-treatment setting) and poor prognosis (in the post-treatment setting). Further understanding of the mechanisms underlying the distribution of immune cells and their changes after chemotherapy may contribute to the development of new immune-targeted therapies for breast cancer.", "output": "no", "explanation": "It has been written in the answer that chemotherapy may contribute to the development of new immune-targeted therapies for breast cancer. This answers the question. The output should be 'yes' and hence, this is a bad example." }, { "input": "Question: Is hidradenitis suppurativa a systemic disease with substantial comorbidity burden : a chart-verified case-control analysis?\nAnswer: Control subjects were not validated for absence of HS and comorbidity validation was not performed for either group.", "output": "no", "explanation": "The answer says that the control subjects were not validated for absence of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and comorbidity validation was not performed. This is a satisfactory response to the question. The output should be 'yes' and hence, this is a bad example. " } ], "Instances": [ { "id": "task846-af43826b146b410b9ff4f8a80076b1cb", "input": "Question: Does reference range for serum and salivary testosterone in young men of Mediterranean region?\nAnswer: In men from the Mediterranean region, values of TT>9.7 nmol/L, CFT>0.22 nmol/L, and/or CBT>4.9 nmol/L make the presence of biochemical hypogonadism unlikely. According to the correlation between serum and ST, the clinical value of ST remains to be established.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5a3603b67104a429ded754beda2467d", "input": "Question: Are secretory phospholipases A2 secreted from ciliated cells and increase mucin and eicosanoid secretion from goblet cells?\nAnswer: sPLA2 are secreted from ciliated cells and appear to induce mucin and cysLT secretion from goblet cells, strongly suggesting that airway goblet cells are proinflammatory effector cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-10e057d3ec654350b14d3aab8a1363b0", "input": "Question: Is admission hyperglycemia associated with failed reperfusion following fibrinolytic therapy in patients with STEMI : results of a retrospective study?\nAnswer: In patients with STEMI who undergo FT, admission hyperglycemia is an independent predictor of the failure of fibrinolysis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b4cd930735b4de2a4a38f49c80d5979", "input": "Question: Do systematic Reviews Published in Emergency Medicine Journals Routinely Search Clinical Trials Registries : A Cross-Sectional Analysis?\nAnswer: Systematic reviews published in emergency medicine journals do not routinely include searches of clinical trials registries. By helping authors identify unpublished trial data, the addition of registry searches may improve the validity of systematic reviews.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f81ef0ba73d4a27a03d09739657657f", "input": "Question: Do obese patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis have a higher 90-day mortality risk with bilateral lung transplantation?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that obese patients who receive a BLT may be at higher risk of 90-day mortality compared with patients of normal weight. Further study is needed to obtain more detailed information about comorbidities and other risk factors for early death that are not included in the OPTN database.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e6ee3256b7814e909c73814b138fb55a", "input": "Question: Does promoter variant rs2301228 on the neural cell adhesion molecule 1 gene confer risk of schizophrenia in Han Chinese?\nAnswer: Our results provide direct evidence for NCAM1 as a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia, which offers support to a neurodevelopmental model and neuronal connectivity hypothesis in the onset of schizophrenia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2369e2c8262249d486bd15403556b37f", "input": "Question: Are [ Higher nitric oxide levels associated with disease activity in Egyptian rheumatoid arthritis patients ]?\nAnswer: There are increased levels of nitric oxide in the serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Nitric oxide correlates significantly with disease activity, inflammatory markers and radiological joint status.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b5ef7b05dfe84fca822dedfc5f431d29", "input": "Question: Does increased Syk phosphorylation lead to overexpression of TRAF6 in peripheral B cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that the activated Syk-mediated TRAF6 pathway leads to aberrant activation of B cells in SLE, and also highlight Syk as a potential target for B-cell-mediated processes in SLE.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3730348e790247dc88c9d6aace3732b2", "input": "Question: Are reasons why erupted third molars extracted in a public university in Mexico?\nAnswer: Women and patients 18 to 34 years of age had erupted 3M extracted more frequently, primarily for prosthetic reasons. The age profile indicated a trend in demand for services that differ from those of overall tooth extractions, but not for the trend across gender.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-614c984d19974d97990504f9f9603b41", "input": "Question: Does the Boston keratoprosthesis provide a wide depth of focus?\nAnswer: The KPro's wide depth-of-focus makes the visual acuity less dependent on an exact refractive correction at distance and explains the 'pseudoaccomodation' experienced by these patients. This is primarily due to the small pupil diameter of the KPro. The current manufacturing steps in 0.50 dioptre increments appears to be sufficient.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1068baa6294444c9aff29c8b80fe336b", "input": "Question: Do large portion sizes increase bite size and eating rate in overweight women?\nAnswer: Increasing portion size led to a larger bite size and faster eating rate, but a slower reduction in eating speed during the meal. These changes may underlie greater energy intakes with exposure to large portions. Interventions to reduce bite size and slow eating rate may provide individuals with strategies to reduce the risk of overconsumption.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-60ffedb59ed24e95a0ede2ad295fa9b5", "input": "Question: Are routine preoperative restaging CTs after neoadjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer low yield : a retrospective case study?\nAnswer: Because of the financial costs and established risks of intravenous contrast and cumulative radiation exposure, it may be advisable to take a more selective approach to preoperative imaging. Larger, prospective studies may enable identification of an at-risk cohort who would benefit most from restaging CT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8c1abb2ca3ea456db9651fc42cba81b5", "input": "Question: Does pancreatic polypeptide regulate glucagon release through PPYR1 receptors expressed in mouse and human alpha-cells?\nAnswer: Glucose stimulates PP secretion and PP inhibits glucagon release in mouse pancreatic islets. PP receptors are present in alpha-cells of mouse and human pancreatic islets.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b3de2a3a0f2414b97be82cd03b29e13", "input": "Question: Do two decades of British newspaper coverage regarding attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation decisions : Lessons for clinicians?\nAnswer: Regarding DNACPR decision-making, the predominant theme was perceived lack of patient involvement, and, more recently, lack of surrogate involvement. Negative language was common, especially when decisions were presumed unilateral. Increased dialogue, and shared decision-making, is recommended.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-300c9bb6a74043e1a2f3610f06b3fabf", "input": "Question: Is increased time from neoadjuvant chemoradiation to surgery associated with higher pathologic complete response rates in esophageal cancer?\nAnswer: A longer interval between completion of neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery was associated with higher pathologic complete response rates without an impact on surgical morbidity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e13cb94c5164954af6ffd0d964979a7", "input": "Question: Is epileptic focus localization based on resting state interictal MEG recordings feasible irrespective of the presence or absence of spikes?\nAnswer: Our preliminary results suggest that accurate localization of the epileptogenic focus may be accomplished using noninvasive spontaneous \"resting-state\" recordings of relatively brief duration and without the need to capture definite interictal and/or ictal abnormalities.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a5cccdafbe0542fa8ed988d5cc0bad75", "input": "Question: Does seminal Helicobacter pylori treatment improve sperm motility in infertile asthenozoospermic men?\nAnswer: H pylori treatment significantly improves sperm motility in infertile asthenozoospermic men with elevated seminal H pylori IgA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-15e941ef9b544825bc89a406deeb7747", "input": "Question: Does a migrating ciliary gate compartmentalize the site of axoneme assembly in Drosophila spermatids?\nAnswer: Our findings demonstrate that the ciliary gate can migrate away from the base of the cilium, thereby functioning independently of the centriole and of a static interaction with the axoneme to compartmentalize the site of axoneme assembly.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-daa449bf0a604f46ac55a99328752284", "input": "Question: Is individual Public Transportation Accessibility Positively Associated with Self-Reported Active Commuting?\nAnswer: This study extends the knowledge about the driving forces of using public transportation for commuting by examining the individual public transportation accessibility. Findings suggest that transportation accessibility supports active commuting and planning of improved public transit accessibility has thus a potential of providing health benefits to commuters.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f9fb538944a24177bc75f62ac0fc7e2f", "input": "Question: Is congenital penile pathology associated with abnormal development of the dartos muscle : a prospective study of primary penile surgery at a tertiary referral center?\nAnswer: Congenital penile pathology (hypospadias, buried penis) is associated with structural anomalies in dartos tissue. Further research is needed to unveil the pathophysiology of the condition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-df1aa723593c4b03b80a16749bdf1d3c", "input": "Question: Is \u03b4Np63 expression a protective factor of progression in clinical high grade T1 bladder cancer?\nAnswer: \u0394Np63 expression is a favorable prognostic factor in clinically high grade T1 bladder cancer. This marker identifies patients at low risk for progression who could benefit from conservative therapy with transurethral bladder tumor resection and bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin, avoiding over treatment with immediate radical cystectomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e7bba5ca29743c8928dfd6a5e3ec716", "input": "Question: Do high levels of procalcitonin in the early phase after pediatric liver transplantation indicate poor postoperative outcome?\nAnswer: High levels of PCT after pLTx are an early indicator of poor postoperative outcome and may reflect ischemia induced liver cell injury within the context of an ischemia- reperfusion injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-607ee9142c7e4e85ae1ae49757727c52", "input": "Question: Is decreased expression of liver-type fatty acid-binding protein associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma?\nAnswer: L-FABP was downregulated in HCC and could be served as a promising prognostic marker for HCC patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3757788583a49f99c5944f502d5d7d5", "input": "Question: Does ephrin type-B receptor 4 activation reduce neointimal hyperplasia in human saphenous vein in vitro?\nAnswer: Eph-B4 is present and functional in adult human saphenous veins, with intact downstream signaling pathways capable of NO release and prevention of neointimal hyperplasia in vitro. Adventitial delivery of ephrin-B2/Fc activates endothelial Eph-B4 in saphenous veins treated with arterial shear stress in vitro. These results suggest that stimulation of Eph-B4 function may be a candidate strategy for translation to human clinical trials designed to inhibit venous neointimal hyperplasia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-43254a7da59e40d189d6192cfc1f0517", "input": "Question: Are low serum levels of vitamin D associated with post-stroke depression?\nAnswer: Serum vitamin D levels within 24 h after admission are found to be associated with PSD and may predict its development at 1 month post-stroke.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-62334f945b964444bcdd758cb6b312b5", "input": "Question: Are polymorphisms near TBX5 and GDF7 associated with increased risk for Barrett 's esophagus?\nAnswer: We identified 2 loci associated with risk of BE and provided data to support a further locus. The genes we found to be associated with risk for BE encode transcription factors involved in thoracic, diaphragmatic, and esophageal development or proteins involved in the inflammatory response.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e038e1fa8db4e02a99240d62e40c884", "input": "Question: Does danzhi Xiaoyao San ameliorate depressive-like behavior by shifting toward serotonin via the downregulation of hippocampal indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase?\nAnswer: DXS exhibited antidepressant-like effects on rats exposed to CUMS. DXS reduced IDO activity to shift the balance of the Kyn/5-HT pathway toward the 5-HT pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-14933b660ced4ea2aa301e668a43ee3b", "input": "Question: Is p63 more sensitive and specific than 34\u03b2E12 to differentiate adenocarcinoma of prostate from cancer mimickers?\nAnswer: Basal cell markers can help to distinguish prostate adenocarcinoma from cancer mimickers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bece19b5a4994955a72d2d444bdca124", "input": "Question: Does poor sleep predict symptoms of depression and disability retirement due to depression?\nAnswer: Lack of baseline diagnostic interviews; sleep quality based on self-report.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6a277843cf594b8985459fd9bbb493e7", "input": "Question: Are phospholipase C epsilon 1 ( PLCE1 ) haplotypes associated with increased risk of gastric cancer in Kashmir Valley?\nAnswer: These results suggest that variation in PLCE1 may be associated with GC risk in Kashmir Valley.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-02d16d2cd2374f8397b045b7478f8c43", "input": "Question: Is tGFBI Expression in Cancer Stromal Cells Associated with Poor Prognosis and Hematogenous Recurrence in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma?\nAnswer: High TGFBI expression in ESCC tissues could be a powerful biomarker of poor prognosis and hematogenous recurrence. TGFBI in stromal cells might be a promising molecular target for ESCC treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-17ac8e34ad374f53bc14e9a9a329a6db", "input": "Question: Are autoimmune features associated with chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis?\nAnswer: There is marked overlap of certain immune markers in patients with pouch dysfunction, especially those with CARP. Microsomal antibody expression and elevated IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration were independent risk factors for CARP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eb677e5d8a7c4f8e85c0182a3e36a49f", "input": "Question: Does identical ATP1A3 mutation cause alternating hemiplegia of childhood and rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism phenotypes?\nAnswer: The discordance of these phenotypes suggests that there are other undiscovered environmental, genetic, or epigenetic factors influencing the development of alternating hemiplegia of childhood or rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e139b2978e4e414eb17043342c696769", "input": "Question: Does metabolic control analysis of the Trypanosoma cruzi peroxide detoxification pathway identify tryparedoxin as a suitable drug target?\nAnswer: These quantitative kinetic and metabolic analyses pointed out to TXN as a convenient drug target due to its low catalytic efficiency, high control on the flux of peroxide detoxification and role as provider of reducing equivalents to the two main peroxidases in the parasite.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d7a66d0fd89442fb931716a643fb827", "input": "Question: Is basal Flt1 tyrosine kinase activity a positive regulator of endothelial survival and vascularization during zebrafish embryogenesis?\nAnswer: Flt1-tyrosine kinase (TK) activity contributed significantly in endothelial cells survival and vascular development during embryo angiogenesis in zebrafish by engaging PI3K/Akt pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fd214afde02468db8c3cb10b5fa9be5", "input": "Question: Do immunizations with hepatitis B viral antigens and a TLR7/8 agonist adjuvant induce antigen-specific immune responses in HBV-transgenic mice?\nAnswer: Immunization with CL097-conjugated HBV-Ag reversed immune tolerance in HBV-Tg mice and induced antigen-specific immune responses. TLR7/8 agonists appear to be potent adjuvants for the induction of antigen-specific Th1 responses in an immune tolerant state.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d385a06e95344f7ad96a402fd5aa1bf", "input": "Question: Are lobar microbleeds associated with a decline in executive functioning in older adults?\nAnswer: Lobar microbleeds, a marker of cerebral amyloid angiopathy, are associated with an accelerated rate of executive function decline. The presence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy may be an important source of cognitive decline in aging. Future work should examine how cerebral amyloid angiopathy interacts with neurodegenerative processes, such as Alzheimer's disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-19f376803f8b47329e830ff396cf3017", "input": "Question: Is self-reported physical activity in smoking pre-cessation a protective factor against relapse for all?\nAnswer: Previous quit attempts and professional activity were positive predictors of smoking abstinence, with alcohol use disorder a negative predictor. PA was not found to be a significant predictor of smoking relapse, with only a positive interaction term seen for persons on antidepressant treatment. (Am J Addict 2014;XX:1-7).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1994a1ad651f4b30b5520e3e165d0e4d", "input": "Question: Is breathlessness at rest the dominant presentation of patients admitted with heart failure?\nAnswer: Many patients admitted with HF are CARBOSE. Shortness of breath at rest may be more alarming, but those who are CARBOSE have a worse prognosis, perhaps reflecting more severe right heart dysfunction. Clinical trials of hospitalized HF may inappropriately exclude patients if they focus on shortness of breath at rest rather than peripheral congestion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1277fed617dd4a088911411bbdbb936b", "input": "Question: Is delayed duodenal stump blow-out following total gastrectomy for cancer : Heightened awareness for the continued presence of the surgical past in the present the key to a successful duodenal stump disruption management . A case report?\nAnswer: Several strategies have been proposed for the successful management post-gastrectomy duodenal stump disruption however; its treatment planning is absolutely determined by the presence or not of generalized peritonitis and hemodynamic instability with hostile abdomen. In such scenario, urgent reoperation is mandatory and the damage control principle should govern the operative treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-322bb483ad8e48dd9f1bdf876791bfe7", "input": "Question: Are lipoprotein phospholipase A2 mass and activity associated with the diagnosis of acute brain ischemia?\nAnswer: The results of our study do not support the early measurement of Lp-PLA2 mass or activity levels for confirming an ischemic etiology in patients experiencing minor or transient focal neurological events.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c868d020db0a43a48ed2a55cb4b69094", "input": "Question: Is osteoprotegerin associated with subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction in diabetic hypertensive patients : a speckle tracking study?\nAnswer: Plasma OPG values could predict subclinical LV systolic dysfunction in diabetic hypertensive patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6fcdf9bece4649278ceb3d4df64af7e8", "input": "Question: Do a new model for the standardization of experimental burn wounds?\nAnswer: This is a safe, reliable, easy to construct and use model that has the ability to produce a regular and uniform reproducible burn due to precise temperature control associated with standardized animal positioning.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b57c87fe3d14610a00648a42bbae557", "input": "Question: Does circulating atrial natriuretic peptide genetic association study identify a novel gene cluster associated with stroke in whites?\nAnswer: This is the first large-scale genetic association study of circulating NT-proANP levels performed with replication and functional assessment that identified genetic variants in the MTHFR-CLCN6-NPPA-NPPB cluster to be significantly associated with NT-proANP levels. The clinical significance of this variation is related to lower NT-proANP levels, higher blood pressures, and an increased risk of stroke in the general community.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-775310b8d6b94c2f8306b12f2d50db0c", "input": "Question: Do whole-genome sequencing and epidemiological analysis provide evidence for cross-transmission of mycobacterium abscessus in a cohort of pediatric cystic fibrosis patients?\nAnswer: We have not demonstrated cross-transmission of M. abscessus within our hospital, except between 1 sibling pair. Alternative routes of acquisition of M. abscessus infection, in particular the environment, require further investigation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-20a52e6a078e49bca0cda3bb3f3e3a6a", "input": "Question: Are high Atopobium vaginae and Gardnerella vaginalis vaginal loads associated with preterm birth?\nAnswer: High vaginal loads of A. vaginae and G. vaginalis are associated with late miscarriage and prematurity in high-risk pregnancies. A high vaginal load of A. vaginae (DNA level \u226510(8) copies/mL) identifies a population at high risk of preterm birth. Further studies that both screen for and then treat A. vaginae are needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-33fc9a8113824748b5a4f761dbf053f6", "input": "Question: Is cD30 expression a novel prognostic indicator in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma , nasal type?\nAnswer: Our results showed that expression of CD30 was not related to response to treatment but was an independent prognostic factor for both OS and PFS in ENKTL, nasal type, which suggests a role for CD30 in the pathogenesis of this disease and may support the incorporation of anti-CD30-targeted therapy into the treatment paradigm for ENKTL.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5800744014de484797bce303bd6834c2", "input": "Question: Do [ Clinical study on continuous plasma filtration absorption treatment for burn sepsis ]?\nAnswer: CPFA, which combines hemoabsorption and hemofiltration, can facilitate the treatment of burn sepsis by decreasing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines efficiently, alleviating systemic inflammatory response, and improving the immune status.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fe4a27e94394f008010de266bd8c413", "input": "Question: Do [ Perinatal variables from newborns of Aymara mothers suggest a genetic adaptation to high altitude ]?\nAnswer: Altitude of residence is related to a decrease in perinatal variables that proved to be less pronounced in newborns of mothers with a higher degree of Aymara ancestry. RESULTS suggest a genetic adaptation to hypoxia that could be related to candidate genes linked to the capture, transport or utilization of oxygen.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-385bb5a5faf8419097ec1632daa490da", "input": "Question: Is 25-hydroxyvitamin D status associated with chronic cerebral small vessel disease?\nAnswer: 25(OH)D is inversely associated with lacunes, white matter hyperintensity, and deep CMB. Our findings suggest that 25(OH)D is linked to small vessel disease, and in future trials it should be tested whether 25(OH)D supplementation can prevent small vessel disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ae1d841ed044dd5a03678dd42a678ce", "input": "Question: Is cD133-positive tumor cell content a predictor of early recurrence in colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that CD133 is a valid marker for identifying cancer stem cells from fresh surgically resected colorectal cancer tissues. Furthermore, we successfully established a living tumor tissue bank using surgically resected colorectal tissues with a viability of >70%.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-01901e43719b47d7b2cc4fd7d6eb0378", "input": "Question: Does traumatic brain injury induce neuroinflammation and neuronal degeneration that is associated with escalated alcohol self-administration in rats?\nAnswer: These results show an association between post-TBI escalation of alcohol drinking and marked localized neuroinflammation at the site of injury. Moreover, these results highlight the relevance of baseline alcohol preference in determining post-TBI alcohol drinking. Further investigation to determine the contribution of neuroinflammation to increased alcohol drinking post-TBI is warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-33a78108d6b64b308e140a00e70fbef2", "input": "Question: Does maternal undernutrition induce premature reproductive senescence in adult female rat offspring?\nAnswer: Our data indicate that the maternal nutritional environment programs the reproductive potential of the offspring through alteration of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The premature reproductive senescence in LBW offspring could be secondary to the development of obesity and hyperleptinemia in these animals in adult life.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4bd2b16afa904c3abb68efa80c53997f", "input": "Question: Does granulocyte colony-stimulating factor prevent loss of spermatogenesis after sterilizing busulfan chemotherapy?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate that G-CSF protects spermatogenesis from gonadotoxic insult (busulfan) in rodents, and this may occur via direct action on CSF3R+ undifferentiated spermatogonia. G-CSF treatment might be an effective adjuvant therapy to preserve male fertility in cancer patients receiving sterilizing treatments.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d262dad9fd240cda71661947e055965", "input": "Question: Is saikosaponin b2 a naturally occurring terpenoid that efficiently inhibits hepatitis C virus entry?\nAnswer: Due to its potency, SSb2 may be of value for development as an antagonist of HCV entry and could be explored as prophylactic treatment during the course of liver transplantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec492ca2000d4edca3824852b66f5325", "input": "Question: Does autotaxin activity have a high accuracy to diagnose intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?\nAnswer: Increased serum autotaxin activity represents a highly sensitive, specific and robust diagnostic marker of ICP, distinguishing ICP from other pruritic disorders of pregnancy and pregnancy-related liver diseases. Pregnancy and oral contraception increase serum autotaxin to a much lesser extent than ICP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e6ce683620e4d79ad09cd7ea4e8afff", "input": "Question: Does a dedicated research program increase the quantity and quality of orthopaedic resident publications?\nAnswer: Currently in the United States, there are no standard policies or requirements that dictate how research should be incorporated in orthopaedic surgery residency training programs. The results of our study suggest that implementation of a dedicated resident research program improves the quantity and to some extent quality of orthopaedic resident research publications, but this effect did not persist after graduation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f864d05286414e6fa1bcf6158f3f2fd1", "input": "Question: Does cationic Nanogel-mediated Runx2 and Osterix siRNA Delivery decrease Mineralization in MC3T3 Cells?\nAnswer: Although mRNA and protein knockdown were confirmed as a result of RNAi treatments against Runx2 and Osx, complete elimination of mineralization processes was not achieved. RNAi targeting mid- and late-stage osteoblast differentiation markers such as ALP, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and bone sialoprotein) may produce the desired RNAi-nanogel nanostructured polymer HO prophylaxis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a53eed3cb90c407b81ea9164fd0e7044", "input": "Question: Do no sex differences exist in posterior condylar offsets of the knee?\nAnswer: Results of our study showed that knees in males exhibited greater posterior condylar offset and greater total condylar height at the medial and lateral femoral condyles, however, there were no sex differences in the ratio of posterior condylar offset to condylar height at either condyle.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f8f0ffcb50a14892bac7c4f45e911bcb", "input": "Question: Do gene polymorphisms of stress hormone and cytokine receptors associate with immunomodulatory profile and psychological measurement?\nAnswer: The data support the notion that gene polymorphisms from various components of the psychoneuroendocrine-immune network may be useful as biomarkers to categorize individual stress-associated immune responses.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9f341b94673a4869b9648bb2f11c6339", "input": "Question: Does housing temperature influence the pattern of heat shock protein induction in mice following mild whole body hyperthermia?\nAnswer: Taken together, these data show that housing temperature significantly influences the expression of HSPs in mice after whole body heating and thus should be considered when stress responses are studied in mice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-110c36c79cd946a6945ecf3dcd8033a4", "input": "Question: Does intra-articular injection of synthetic microRNA-210 accelerate avascular meniscal healing in rat medial meniscal injured model?\nAnswer: An intra-articular injection of ds miR-210 was effective in the healing of the damaged white zone meniscus through promotion of the collagen type 2 production from meniscus cells and through upregulated of VEGF and FGF2 from synovial cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-23c251ad69be4441a14021d7eb29f8f5", "input": "Question: Does pRMT5 enhance generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from dairy goat embryonic fibroblasts via down-regulation of p53?\nAnswer: This study provides an efficient model for future studies on mechanisms underlying goat somatic cell reprogramming and differentiation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5bd12027978a4f1d9e4aaaf684c047d3", "input": "Question: Do minimally invasive retroperitoneoscopic surgery for psoas abscess with thoracolumbar tuberculosis?\nAnswer: The retroperitoneoscopic technique for PA gain advantages in terms of shorter hospital stay, minimal invasiveness, absence of radiation, quicker recovery to daily life compared with percutaneous drainage, and anterior or posterior debridement surgery. Despite the technique not been fully clinically proved, it seems to be a recommended option as an effective diagnostic and therapeutic technique for PA, especially with massive or complicated PA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-073c01e7e1fa4655b2d2555b621f2650", "input": "Question: Is cartilage thickness at the posterior medial femoral condyle increased in femorotibial knee osteoarthritis : a cross-sectional CT arthrography study ( Part 2 )?\nAnswer: Cartilage thickness at the non-weight-bearing posterior aspect of the medial condyle, but not of the lateral condyle, was increased in OA knees compared to non-OA knees. Furthermore, cartilage thickness at the posterior aspect of the medial condyle increased with increasing K/L grade.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3297eb0846834c079798792abacf176e", "input": "Question: Does loss of Frzb and Sfrp1 differentially affect joint homeostasis in instability-induced osteoarthritis?\nAnswer: Using the DMM model, we demonstrated that FRZB and SFRP1 differentially modulate joint homeostasis in two distinct compartments of the joint. These data highlight the fine-tuning of Wnt signaling in joint homeostasis and disease, show differential regulation of the cascade in cartilage and subchondral bone, and provide further evidence for a role of endogenous Wnt modulators as key players in OA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b09d7108566a49708ffbb12f3413503a", "input": "Question: Does tetraploid complementation prove pluripotency of induced pluripotent stem cells derived from adipose tissue?\nAnswer: We also directed differentiation of iPS cells into chondrocytes, thus adipose-derived iPS cells can be used as models to study chondrogenic differentiation and cartilage regeneration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-542c31a4e3284550a56d143f2cc8f3ce", "input": "Question: Does implementation of the acute care surgery model provide benefits in the surgical treatment of the acute appendicitis?\nAnswer: The ACS model may improve abdominal surgical efficiency and quality. Our study results echoed the benefits of the implementation of the ACS model shown in North America.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd2e19aafe1b482bb716f6b7b187a581", "input": "Question: Is radiofrequency ablation plus devascularization the preferred treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with esophageal varices?\nAnswer: RFA plus devascularization is the preferred treatment of HCC with EVB. RFA plus devascularization should be considered in Child-Pugh class A patients below 50 years of age.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9767801afbd40f69e1b8ed11bbf64ba", "input": "Question: Is enhancement of in vitro activity of tuberculosis drugs by addition of thioridazine reflected by improved in vivo therapeutic efficacy?\nAnswer: Thioridazine is bactericidal towards Mtb in\u00a0vitro, irrespective the mycobacterial growth rate and results in enhanced activity of the standard regimen. The in\u00a0vitro activity of thioridazine in potentiating isoniazid and rifampicin is not reflected by improved therapeutic efficacy in a murine TB-model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ff59d111d0e4017ae3d3b2eb0fb51a9", "input": "Question: Do youth walking and biking rates vary by environments around 5 Louisiana schools?\nAnswer: There is a role and a need for the SRTS program. The environment and other factors influence biking and walking to school.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d496f7b548be4b38b7c4b4bf5cd7c8c6", "input": "Question: Does blockade of Central Angiotensin II AT1 Receptor protect the Brain from Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Normotensive Rats?\nAnswer: Angiotensin II by stimulating AT1 receptors, participates in ischemia-reperfusion injuries and edema formation. AT1 receptor blockade with candesartan decreased ischemic brain injury and edema and improved neurological outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d8d4963c4774160a9e6327e53668c40", "input": "Question: Does syngap1 haploinsufficiency damage a postnatal critical period of pyramidal cell structural maturation linked to cortical circuit assembly?\nAnswer: Pathogenic Syngap1 mutations have a profound impact on the dynamics and structural integrity of pyramidal cell postsynaptic structures known to guide the de novo wiring of nascent cortical circuits. These findings support the idea that disrupted critical periods of dendritic growth and spine plasticity may be a common pathologic process in developmental brain disorders.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ada581e6768c48dfb7e1e2d91b32d944", "input": "Question: Is pentraxin 3 reduced in bipolar disorder?\nAnswer: Individuals with bipolar disorder have low levels of pentraxin 3 which may reflect impaired innate immunity. An increased understanding of the role of innate immunity in the etiopathogenesis of bipolar disorder might lead to new modalities for the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed4413539b934caea63cdcd83e1178fa", "input": "Question: Are human enteroviruses the cause of neurological impairments in children at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital?\nAnswer: Non-polio enteroviruses and chikugunya virus were found not to be the etiologic agent responsible for the convulsion with neurologic morbidity observed in the Ghanaian children. Investigation for other viral agents is recommended.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-64d49984e4444d75837cfbeec5650e6a", "input": "Question: Does a whole blood-based perfusate provide superior preservation of myocardial function during ex vivo heart perfusion?\nAnswer: A whole blood-based perfusate (RBC+Plasma) minimizes injury and provides superior preservation of myocardial function during EVHP. The beneficial effect of plasma on the preservation of myocardial function requires further investigation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d26d765cf12a4180bda0718c61cb6b0d", "input": "Question: Is elevated immune monitoring early after cardiac transplantation associated with increased plaque progression by intravascular ultrasound?\nAnswer: Elevated early IM scores are associated with progression of CAV by IVUS. These findings suggest the potential of IM for tailoring of immunosuppressive regimens to minimize the progression of CAV in high-risk patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed53bd9dc9f14a15a005e34e1fffc274", "input": "Question: Are successional changes in the chicken cecal microbiome during 42 days of growth independent of organic acid feed additives?\nAnswer: Over the 42 d experiment, the cecal bacterial community changed significantly as measured by a variety of ecological metrics and increases in the complexity of co-occurrence networks. Management of poultry to improve animal health, nutrition, or food safety may need to consider the interactive effects of any treatments with the dramatic temporal shifts in the taxonomic composition of the cecal microbiome as described here.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-075b2e98b6574ca7b3cce69380179821", "input": "Question: Does resveratrol enhance palmitate-induced ER stress and apoptosis in cancer cells?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that RSV exerts its cytotoxic role in cancer cells exposed to a saturated FA context primarily by triglyceride accumulation inhibition, probably leading to an intracellular palmitate accumulation that triggers a lipid-mediated cell death. Additionally, this cell death is promoted by ER stress through a CHOP-mediated apoptotic process and may represent a potential anticancer strategy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-320bb07c940042e987353bf23788038a", "input": "Question: Is cDK1 and CDK2 activity a strong predictor of renal cell carcinoma recurrence?\nAnswer: CDK1SA of tumors and the CDK2SA are both associated with recurrence and prognosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4973a60ea6654987a8800209d36a59e8", "input": "Question: Is torsion of the optic nerve head a prominent feature of normal-tension glaucoma?\nAnswer: Normal-tension glaucoma eyes had a greater ONH torsion compared to POAG eyes with matched axial length. The direction of the ONH tilt and torsion was related to the location of the visual field defect only in NTG eyes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-579eeb84b201404cb87a7bbfe3801e83", "input": "Question: Is endo first appropriate in some patients with critical limb ischemia because `` bridges are burned ''?\nAnswer: Previous failed EV should be predictive of poor outcome in patients undergoing distal OS for CLI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-211c863504014e7cbfe5a3e984fbf4b1", "input": "Question: Is unrecognized arteriosclerosis associated with wound complications after below-knee amputation?\nAnswer: After formalization of lower extremity amputation for wet gangrene, traditional markers of PAD were not predictive of wound complications. Although formalization of guillotine BKA can safely be performed without significant delay, more thorough assessment of microvascular disease in the perioperative period may be useful in identifying patients at risk for wound failure.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f4ec3f5c9c0400c9f3eae4a33c36de6", "input": "Question: Does hydrogen sulfide reduce inflammation following abdominal aortic occlusion in rats?\nAnswer: Hydrogen sulfide has systemic and renal anti-inflammatory effects in remote IRI following aortic occlusion in rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-23ecbebcc7e94b6cbc4f92bc2555319c", "input": "Question: Do seed bank dynamics govern persistence of Brassica hybrids in crop and natural habitats?\nAnswer: Hybrid persistence was found to be highly dependent on the seed bank, suggesting that targeting hybrid seed survival could be an important management option in controlling hybrid persistence. For local risk mitigation, an increased focus on the wild parent is suggested. Management actions, such as control of B. rapa, could indirectly reduce hybrid populations by blocking hybrid replenishment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b36bfffff0c246d2b7cd065001ce47a9", "input": "Question: Is actinic keratosis with atypical basal cells ( AK I ) the most common lesion associated with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin?\nAnswer: Direct invasion from proliferating basaloid atypical keratinocytes limited to the epidermal basal layer (AK I), known as the differentiated pathway, was the most common form of progression to cutaneous iSCC in our series. On the other hand, stepwise progression from AK I to AK II and AK III (classic pathway) was seen to be operative in a substantial proportion of iSCC cases. All AK lesions, irrespective of intraepidermal neoplasia thickness, are therefore potentially invasive and tumour advance along adnexal structures might facilitate iSCC development from AK I lesions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a642cdab31f24b4eb535a967c4878771", "input": "Question: Does high-intensity intermittent exercise increase pulmonary interstitial edema at altitude but not at simulated altitude?\nAnswer: HIIE led to an increase in B-lines at altitude after subacute exposure but not during acute exposure at equivalent simulated altitude. This may indicate pulmonary interstitial edema.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a182024ae714c1aa1e4fe1bffb5a988", "input": "Question: Does mild cognitive dysfunction affect diabetes mellitus control in minority elderly adults?\nAnswer: Cognitive dysfunction in the mild range did not seem to affect diabetes mellitus control parameters in this multiethnic cohort of older adults with diabetes mellitus, although it cannot be excluded that cognitive impairment was overcome through assistance from formal or informal caregivers. It is possible that more-severe cognitive dysfunction could affect control.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2c83a733fdbc4957a2352037ee861e6c", "input": "Question: Are anti-high mobility group box 1 ( anti-HMGB1 ) antibodies related to the occurrence of cutaneous lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus?\nAnswer: Based on the findings of the current study, it is unlikely that anti-HMGB1 antibodies play a role in the development of SLE cutaneous lesions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b703199f374482c856b6dc316d3ae36", "input": "Question: Does alcohol disrupt levels and function of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator to promote development of pancreatitis?\nAnswer: Based on studies of human, mouse, and guinea pig pancreata, alcohol disrupts expression and localization of the CFTR. This appears to contribute to development of pancreatitis. Strategies to increase CFTR levels or function might be used to treat alcohol-associated pancreatitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-deb82ff73097414f8cc8b568558b6540", "input": "Question: Does blood viscosity but not shear stress associate with delayed flow-mediated dilation?\nAnswer: The present study demonstrates that age and blood viscosity but not the magnitude of SS explain the different timing of the dilatory response to ischemia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad9ad066af9041ad9e74ce77178ac889", "input": "Question: Does hypercholesterolemia increase the production of leukotriene B4 in neutrophils by enhancing the nuclear localization of 5-lipoxygenase?\nAnswer: Hypercholesterolemia increases LTB4 production in neutrophils by increasing the nuclear localization of 5-LO, which is the result of its phosphorylation by activated ERK1/2.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-517840dbd08d4ecd8e8cf2e032a45109", "input": "Question: Do molecular signatures of mood stabilisers highlight the role of the transcription factor REST/NRSF?\nAnswer: Cell line models offer a window of what might happen in vivo but have the benefit of being human derived and homogenous with regard to cell type.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bcec3cf08b8844e1bb9b564237174058", "input": "Question: Does preconditioning of skeletal myoblast-based engineered tissue constructs enable functional coupling to myocardium in vivo?\nAnswer: Although untreated skeletal myoblasts cannot couple to cardiomyocytes, we confirm that mechanical preconditioning enables transplanted skeletal myoblasts to functionally interact with cardiomyocytes in\u00a0vivo and, thus, reinvigorate the concept of skeletal myoblast-based cardiac cell therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f36c22c6c31e4141b60cc3b8518165c5", "input": "Question: Does treatment with egg antigens of Schistosoma mansoni ameliorate experimental colitis in mice through a colonic T-cell-dependent mechanism?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrated that the administration of SmSEA reduces the severity of colitis in the adoptive transfer mouse model characterized by an increased Th2 response and a suppressed Th17 response in the colon.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a45eaec44b254d28b1b3203a21543148", "input": "Question: Is abnormal left ventricular contractile response to exercise in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease associated with resting left ventricular long-axis dysfunction?\nAnswer: An abnormal LVCRE in the absence of established causes is associated with resting LV long-axis dysfunction and is usually seen in women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5087fdc1cd9456182597a211eb07c32", "input": "Question: Is sleep efficiency ( but not sleep duration ) of healthy school-age children associated with grades in math and languages?\nAnswer: Sleep efficiency, but not sleep duration, is associated with academic performance as measured by report-card grades in typically developing school-aged children. The integration of strategies to improve sleep efficiency might represent a successful approach for improving children's readiness and/or performance in math and languages.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e10443dc58340d6bcb171f6c8880786", "input": "Question: Are vitamin D levels and bone turnover markers related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in severely obese patients?\nAnswer: Low levels of vitamin D or hyperparathyroidism are common in severely obese patients. Vitamin D and bone metabolism markers were associated neither to NAFLD nor with metabolic syndrome in our series of obese morbid patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-455d9d50e2a645d0bf691539d8067087", "input": "Question: Are outcomes of abdominal wall reconstruction with acellular dermal matrix affected by wound contamination?\nAnswer: Complex abdominal wall reconstructions using ADM demonstrated similar rates of complications between the different CDC wound classifications. This is in contradistinction to published outcomes for abdominal wall reconstruction using synthetic mesh that show progressively higher complication rates with increasing degrees of contamination. These data support the use of ADM rather than synthetic mesh for complex abdominal wall reconstruction in the setting of wound contamination.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6cc0c4f90e394ae9af629b178e6f116c", "input": "Question: Does airway pressure release ventilation reduce conducting airway micro-strain in lung injury?\nAnswer: In an injured lung, APRV 75% maintained micro-anatomic gas distribution similar to that of the normal lung. The lung protection demonstrated in previous studies using APRV 75% may be due to a more homogeneous distribution of gas at the micro-anatomic level as well as a reduction in conducting airway micro-strain.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eeb8b93e5f324223a8f3f24cb8edb3d0", "input": "Question: Do a simplified method of preventing implant hex drive from aspiration or accidental swallowing during stage two implant recovery?\nAnswer: Accidental aspiration or swallowing of the dental instruments during routine implant surgeries can be prevented by tying the implant instruments to the operator's ring with silk ligatures or dental floss.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4712c7ed724242589ded6c789edca2fd", "input": "Question: Is late onset spinal motor neuronopathy caused by mutation in CHCHD10?\nAnswer: Mutation c.197G>T p.G66V in CHCHD10 is the cause of the lower motor neuron syndrome LOSMoN/SMAJ. During the preparation of this article other mutations were reported to cause frontotemporal dementia-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis syndrome, indicating that the CHCHD10 gene is largely important for the motor and cognitive neuronal systems.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-54f946fb4d1b4de1ad36f7111dd366ed", "input": "Question: Does low perfusion index affect the difference in glucose level between capillary and venous blood?\nAnswer: In the emergency department, perfusion index value measured by Masimo Radical-7 and capillary blood glucose levels can serve in blood sugar management in critically ill patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cc5a5b83327a4e0196941ccbab16ac99", "input": "Question: Are multiple pathways responsible for anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular activities of Hordeum vulgare L?\nAnswer: These results suggest the likely mechanisms responsible for observed anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular effects of HV in traditional medicine.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c467ee0755844db394293760ed88dd34", "input": "Question: Does [ ITF increase the transcriptional activity of ITF promoter via the JAK-STAT3 signal transduction pathway ]?\nAnswer: ITF increases the transcriptional activity of ITF promoter via the JAK-STAT3 signal transduction pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b210a4f9bf0440ebf42d454e9fc6ea6", "input": "Question: Does clinical evaluation of pazopanib eye drop versus ranibizumab intravitreal injections in subjects with neovascular age-related macular degeneration?\nAnswer: Pazopanib was well tolerated. Daily pazopanib eye drops in neovascular AMD subjects did not result in therapeutic benefit beyond that obtained with ranibizumab alone.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-756b4ab790c8444cbcbab06eb4a003b5", "input": "Question: Does long-term treadmill exercise attenuate tau pathology in P301S tau transgenic mice?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that forced treadmill exercise differently affects the brain and spinal cord of aged P301S tau mice, with greater benefits observed in the spinal cord versus the brain. Our work adds to the growing body of evidence that exercise is beneficial in tauopathy, however these benefits may be more limited at later stages of disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-228458b32b774312bf7a7979de76979f", "input": "Question: Does alpha and beta EEG power reflect L-dopa acute administration in parkinsonian patients?\nAnswer: Assuming that a significant change in EEG power spectrum after L-dopa intake may be related to dopaminergic mechanisms, our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that dopaminergic defective networks are implicated in cortical oscillatory abnormalities at rest in non-demented PD patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-df82cc8e3c9848b594a28046ee827428", "input": "Question: Does subclinical left ventricular dysfunction by echocardiographic speckle-tracking strain analysis relate to outcome in sarcoidosis?\nAnswer: LVGLS is impaired in sarcoidosis patients, suggesting subclinical cardiac dysfunction despite the absence of conventional evidence of cardiac disease, and is independently associated with occurrence of cardiac events and/or development of CS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1cff309c184c4ac6be01c644a0b032c6", "input": "Question: Are guanine quadruplexes formed by specific regions of human transposable elements?\nAnswer: Conservation of quadruplexes at specific positions of transposable elements implies their importance in their life cycle. The increasing quadruplex presence in evolutionarily young LINE-1 and SVA families makes these elements important contributors toward present genome-wide quadruplex distribution.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4edd0b00ef9849609c4a0378c333a689", "input": "Question: Is circulating soluble LR11 , a novel marker of smooth muscle cell proliferation , enhanced after coronary stenting in response to vascular injury?\nAnswer: Our study suggested that circulating sLR11 levels may be a potential marker for angiographic late loss in patients after coronary stenting. Further mechanistic studies are expected to know the clinical significance of sLR11 as a novel marker for intimal SMC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2f5f9a0bda35496291444f309b7487eb", "input": "Question: Are de novo donor-specific HLA antibodies associated with early and high-grade bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and death after lung transplantation?\nAnswer: Taken together, our findings provide evidence that dnDSA is associated with accelerated BOS kinetics and severity, as well as death due to BOS after lung transplantation. In addition, these data support regular monitoring for the development of dnDSA in LTRs and underscore the need for novel strategies to mitigate the increased risk of poor outcomes associated with dnDSA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c60cde2d69847d58854ec4d194398e6", "input": "Question: Does a systematic review identify valid comorbidity indices derived from administrative health data?\nAnswer: A number of valid comorbidity indices derived from administrative data are available. Selection of an appropriate index should take into account the type of data available, study population, and specific outcome of interest.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94156703619347ffa423c9c381bc2a42", "input": "Question: Do comparative metabolomics in vegans and omnivores reveal constraints on diet-dependent gut microbiota metabolite production?\nAnswer: Evidently, residence in globally distinct societies helps determine the composition of the gut microbiota that, in turn, influences the production of diet-dependent gut microbial metabolites.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-124349af0d7f41fdaedd9cbf5acb5eaf", "input": "Question: Is disruption of SOX6 associated with a rapid-onset dopa-responsive movement disorder , delayed development , and dysmorphic features?\nAnswer: This is the first report of a dopa-responsive movement disorder associated with SOX6 disruption. SOX6 mutations should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained dopa-responsive dystonia syndromes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eb3b4ccca38e418b9aa003ed9c4ce11e", "input": "Question: Does capsular closure affect development of heterotopic ossification after hip arthroscopy?\nAnswer: Capsular closure did not seem to alter the rate of HO when compared with a control group of patients in whom the capsulotomy was not repaired.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb3778f8fa534f34a533e147798c473b", "input": "Question: Do smoking and unstable hinge fractures cause delayed gap filling irrespective of early weight bearing after open wedge osteotomy?\nAnswer: This study shows that osteotomy gap filling after open wedge HTO is delayed in smokers and in patients in whom opening of the gap resulted in unstable lateral hinge fractures. Early full weight bearing did not have a significant effect on the gap filling rate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2c7302224d134e3aba6a1c46730571ff", "input": "Question: Is topical clobetasol in conjunction with topical tretinoin effective in preventing scar formation after superficial partial-thickness burn ulcers of the skin : A retrospective study?\nAnswer: Clobetasol\u2009+\u2009tretinoin can significantly decrease the incidence of scar formation in patients with inflammation after re-epithelialization of superficial wounds.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e583084ae704c5694838a4a4a3caec5", "input": "Question: Does the rate of hypo-osmotic challenge influence regulatory volume decrease ( RVD ) and mechanical properties of articular chondrocytes?\nAnswer: Sudden hypo-osmotic challenge increases chondrocyte mechanics by activation of RVD and interaction with the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, the rate of hypo-osmotic challenge is shown to have a profound effect on chondrocyte morphology and biomechanics. This important phenomenon needs to be considered when studying the response of chondrocytes to pathological hypo-osmotic stress.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1278a72656384792b79c6dae6f36a238", "input": "Question: Does liver-specific deletion of augmenter of liver regeneration accelerate development of steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma in mice?\nAnswer: We developed mice with liver-specific deletion of ALR, and showed that it is required for mitochondrial function and lipid homeostasis in the liver. ALR-L-KO mice provide a useful model for investigating the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis and its complications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4ba61e07dd1841118c6b1d2f9238c52e", "input": "Question: Does transcriptome analysis of proton pump inhibitor-responsive esophageal eosinophilia reveal proton pump inhibitor-reversible allergic inflammation?\nAnswer: These findings provide definitive evidence that PPI-REE is a disease entity with significant molecular overlap with EoE, suggesting that many patients with PPI-REE represent a continuum of the same pathogenic allergic mechanisms that underlie EoE and thus might constitute a subphenotype of patients with EoE. The ability of PPI therapy to nearly entirely reverse gene expression associated with PPI-REE, particularly that associated with classic features of allergic inflammation, provides new insight into potential disease etiology and management strategies for patients with significant esophageal eosinophilia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-185b0718310f4648b414868aaf6702ef", "input": "Question: Is a high normal thyroid-stimulating hormone associated with arterial stiffness , central systolic blood pressure , and 24-hour systolic blood pressure in males with treatment-na\u00efve hypertension and euthyroid?\nAnswer: Treatment-na\u00efve hypertensive males with high normal TSH and euthyroid showed higher arterial stiffness, central SBP, SVR, and SBP in ABPM and lower cardiac output and PP amplification as compared to the the low normal TSH group, but not females.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e8070862af64579bdb87ad46e6d2a81", "input": "Question: Does rotenone impair autophagic flux and lysosomal functions in Parkinson 's disease?\nAnswer: These studies indicate that the lysosomal dysfunction contributes to rotenone's neurotoxicity and restoration of lysosomal function could be a new therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a1d4fe2be138468b99f1cd26552e7846", "input": "Question: Is interleukin-6 associated with obesity , central fat distribution , and disease severity in patients with acute pancreatitis?\nAnswer: IL-6 is a good marker for AP severity and is associated with obesity and central fat distribution in AP patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b26d847039004657b34d0518efb7d455", "input": "Question: Is platelet activation associated with myocardial infarction in patients with pneumonia?\nAnswer: MI is an early complication of pneumonia and is associated with in\u00a0vivo platelet activation and serum TxB2 overproduction; aspirin 100 mg/day seems insufficient to inhibit thromboxane biosynthesis. (MACCE in Hospitalized Patients With Community-acquired Pneumonia; NCT01773863).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-708f458181584b1397fa6cf5dae83911", "input": "Question: Is fasting serum dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity independently associated with alanine aminotransferase in type 1 diabetic patients?\nAnswer: Fasting serum DPP4 activity might be associated with hepatic IR in T1DM patients and a part of soluble DPP4 activity might be of a hepatic origin. Further study investigation is warranted to elucidate this topic.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ba946fc42ace450f823618d9cfdb9750", "input": "Question: Is initial combination therapy with metformin , pioglitazone and exenatide more effective than sequential add-on therapy in subjects with new-onset diabetes . Results from the Efficacy and Durability of Initial Combination Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes ( EDICT ) : a randomized trial?\nAnswer: The results of this exploratory study show that combination therapy with metformin/pioglitazone/exenatide in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM is more effective and results in fewer hypoglycaemic events than sequential add-on therapy with metformin, sulfonylurea and then basal insulin.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-55eac8a6828d4a16b46c40b50a96a12c", "input": "Question: Does diet-induced obesity prevent the development of acute traumatic coagulopathy?\nAnswer: Obesity prevents the development of ATC following hemorrhage shock. Complications associated with obesity following hemorrhagic shock may be attributed to the preserved hypercoagulable state.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d29e107d2e646debd47716618fa7b05", "input": "Question: Do endothelial progenitor cells induce transplant arteriosclerosis via VEGFR-1/2 activity?\nAnswer: Vandetanib treatment can reduce arteriosclerosis induced by abdominal aorta transplantation by blocking VEGFRs in EPCs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-048adaaa757f4c58af4c52d708637804", "input": "Question: Are elevated beta2-glycoprotein I-low-density lipoprotein levels associated with the presence of diabetic microvascular complications?\nAnswer: Elevated serum \u03b22-GPI-LDL levels may be a serological hallmark of enhanced LDL oxidation in vivo and closely associated with the presence of diabetic microvascular complications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-75ac2e55d4ce443fb6ccb37189ca5433", "input": "Question: Is bone marrow from blotchy mice dispensable to regulate blood copper and aortic pathologies but required for inflammatory mediator production in LDLR-deficient mice during chronic angiotensin II infusion?\nAnswer: Overall, our study indicated that the effect of bone marrow from blotchy mice during adulthood is dispensable in the regulation of blood copper, plasma cholesterol and phospholipids levels, and aortic pathologies, but contributes to a reduction of MIP-1\u03b2, MCP-1, MCP-3, MCP-5, TIMP-1, and VEGF-A production and triglycerides concentration in plasma. Our study also hints that bone marrow transplantation cannot serve as an independent treatment option.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-702a435594a94512bdb93e78277ffbdb", "input": "Question: Are maternal salivary cortisol levels during pregnancy positively associated with overweight children?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest a relatively consistent association between pregnancy cortisol levels and overweight offspring, especially in the second trimester.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f301e85d5ac14d8380835a74dbf18369", "input": "Question: Is less advanced disease at initiation of salvage androgen deprivation therapy associated with decreased mortality following biochemical failure post-salvage radiation therapy?\nAnswer: Less advanced disease at initiation of SADT is associated with decreased PCSM and OM following BF post-SRT; however, observation may be reasonable for patients with very long PSADTs. A PSADT <3 months prior to SADT initiation significantly predicts an increased risk of PCSM and OM in this patient demographic.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9abf2c8fc8c448c4acc82a37b2617ce2", "input": "Question: Is low postoperative platelet count associated with negative outcome after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma?\nAnswer: Postoperative low platelet counts are associated with poor outcome after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-99f7e540ba8f42a48512b7ccb8df92c8", "input": "Question: Does early menarche increase the risk of Type 2 diabetes in young and middle-aged Korean women?\nAnswer: Early menarche increased the risk of Type 2 diabetes in young and middle-aged Korean women although adulthood adiposity attenuated the relationship. Knowledge of age at menarche is important in identifying women at risk for diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-29341f526a504e34b000efbab7fcb1e6", "input": "Question: Does twenty-four hour in-hospital congenital cardiac surgical coverage improve perioperative ECMO support outcomes?\nAnswer: The presence of 24-CCSC significantly decreased the rate of mortality in children supported with ECMO after undergoing cardiac surgery, as well as cardiac arrhythmias and pulmonary complications for perioperative CHS patients receiving ECMO support. This study demonstrates that CHS programs would benefit from 24-CCSC in the care of this critically ill patient population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9f921ed9c5f46e99b35168cfa2baf6f", "input": "Question: Does early primary repair of tetralogy of Fallot lead to increased postoperative resource utilization?\nAnswer: Extracardiac anomalies, prematurity, low birth weight, and nonelective surgical intervention are predictors of increased morbidity and increased hospital resource utilization and impose a significant cost burden to the care of these patients. Early primary repair of tetralogy of Fallot can be safely performed without any increase in morbidity or increased hospital resource utilization.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d29a3d3418804a32996262f7fbf633ba", "input": "Question: Are aggregate National Early Warning Score ( NEWS ) values more important than high scores for a single vital signs parameter for discriminating the risk of adverse outcomes?\nAnswer: The recommended NEWS escalation protocol produces additional work for the bedside nurse and responding doctor, disproportionate to a modest benefit in increased detection of adverse outcomes. It may have significant ramifications for efficient staff resource allocation, distort patient safety focus and risk alarm fatigue. Our findings suggest that the RCPL escalation guidance warrants review.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8f2a5361ecd4ee49489339b9aa829a1", "input": "Question: Are plant communities on infertile soils less sensitive to climate change?\nAnswer: Based on the current balance of evidence, plant communities on infertile serpentine soils are less sensitive to changes in the climatic water balance than communities on more fertile soils. However, this advantage may in some cases be lessened by their sparser overstorey cover.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-64435c1645684112ae6a47c2d5820f57", "input": "Question: Does licochalcone-A sensitize human esophageal carcinoma cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by proteasomal degradation of XIAP?\nAnswer: The combination of TRAIL and LA might be a novel therapeutic strategy for esophageal carcinoma patients who fail to respond to standard chemotherapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0df305e244ad4215b34a3f193fadb81c", "input": "Question: Is intranodal cytokeratin particles a predictive marker of efficacy for neoadjuvant therapies in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that HCP might reflect a degenerative change of cancer cells in lymph nodes and can predict the response to neoadjuvant therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f2073b07d65468aab363fc18b1cb8bf", "input": "Question: Does iNKT/CD1d-antitumor immunotherapy significantly increase the efficacy of therapeutic CpG/peptide-based cancer vaccine?\nAnswer: Altogether, our study in mice demonstrates that \u03b1GC/CD1d-antitumor fusion protein greatly increases the efficacy of a therapeutic CpG-based cancer vaccine, first as an adjuvant during T cell priming and second, as a therapeutic agent to redirect immune responses to the tumor site.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1de032da97234e19b458a1cf4d08fd4b", "input": "Question: Is pseudomonas aeruginosa in CF and non-CF homes found predominantly in drains?\nAnswer: These findings implicate drains as important potential sources of P. aeruginosa infection. They suggest that maximizing P. aeruginosa control efforts for drains would reduce exposure with minimal extra burden to CF patients and families.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-872b562b037949fb86d9adce533ecf35", "input": "Question: Is increased expression of pleiotrophin a prognostic marker for patients with gastric cancer?\nAnswer: These findings indicated that the expression of PTN is significantly correlated with prognosis in gastric cancer patients, suggesting that the expression of PTN may be used as an independent prognostic marker.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6f0595bc343d4c51be411136e908d428", "input": "Question: Does the CC-genotype of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene associate with decreased risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a Tunisian population?\nAnswer: We conclude that the CC-genotype and C allele of cox-2 T8473C gene polymorphism are associated with decreased risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a Tunisian population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5833182c85014a7fab5a49d19372478d", "input": "Question: Does a shoe insole delivering subsensory vibratory noise improve balance and gait in healthy elderly people?\nAnswer: This study provides proof of concept that the application of the principle of stochastic resonance to the foot sole sensory system using a new low-voltage piezoelectric technology can improve measures of balance and gait that are associated with falls. Effective vibratory noise amplitudes range from 70% to 85% of the sensory threshold and can be set once daily.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-db44bd2051f44462a1221efa3ad88e77", "input": "Question: Do sleep spindle and slow wave frequency reflect motor skill performance in primary school-age children?\nAnswer: Children enhance their accuracy only over an interval with sleep. Unlike previously reported in adults, children enhance their speed independent of sleep, a capacity that may to be lost in adulthood. Individual differences in the dominant frequency of spindles and slow waves were predictive for performance: children performed better if they had less slow spindles, more fast spindles and faster slow waves. On the other hand, overnight enhancement of accuracy was most pronounced in children with more slow spindles and slower slow waves, i.e., the ones with an initial lower performance. Associations of spindle and slow wave characteristics with initial performance may confound interpretation of their involvement in overnight enhancement. Slower frequencies of characteristic sleep events may mark slower learning and immaturity of networks involved in motor skills.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e67d1ac92e2d4371b8057282d9f2e3d4", "input": "Question: Does the dual CCR5 and CCR2 inhibitor cenicriviroc redistribute HIV into extracellular space : implications for plasma viral load and intracellular DNA decline?\nAnswer: In contrast to maraviroc, cenicriviroc does not repel virus back into extracellular space. Differences in results may be due to superior binding of cenicriviroc to CCR5 compared with maraviroc.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-53cf7016bde24d4881a41e57fb78d31e", "input": "Question: Do our experiences on the reconstruction of lateral scalp burn alopecia with tissue expanders?\nAnswer: Although the number of case were limited, the ideal and standardized cosmetic results could be obtained by this approach.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca0f7fd7273147909fd35e74cc72c7bf", "input": "Question: Is prostate-specific antigen doubling time subsequent to radical prostatectomy a predictor of outcome following salvage external beam radiation therapy : a single-centre experience?\nAnswer: Salvage EBRT provides effective long-term BFR and metastatic-free survival in a selected group of patients with detectable, rising prostate-specific antigen values following radical prostatectomy. SVI and PSADT are prognostic variables for a non-durable response to salvage EBRT and thus predictors of high-risk prostate cancer in patients in whom neoadjuvant and adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy should be considered.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e69b4450e52466f8ff50e2a7b21a321", "input": "Question: Is head-shaft angle a risk factor for hip displacement in children with cerebral palsy?\nAnswer: A high HSA appears to be a risk factor for hip displacement in children with CP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c216661f3fe43908588264bc29dac57", "input": "Question: Is implementation of a surgical intensive care unit service associated with improved outcomes for trauma patients?\nAnswer: Transition from a pulmonary ICU service to a SICU service at our institution was associated with no change in mortality but an improvement in pulmonary complications, ventilator days, and reintubation rates. Trauma centers currently staffed with a pulmonary ICU service should feel comfortable converting to SICU service and should expect comparable or improved outcomes for trauma patients admitted to the ICU.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e0e4a575c6ea4f58a40a73c907e3685b", "input": "Question: Does elevated amygdala activity during reappraisal anticipation predict anxiety in avoidant personality disorder?\nAnswer: Our finding of exaggerated amygdala activity during reappraisal anticipation could reflect anxiety about the impending need to reappraise, anxiety about the certainty of an upcoming negative image, or anxiety relating to anticipated scrutiny of task responses by the experimenters. While we believe that all of these possibilities are consistent with the phenomenology of avoidant personality disorder, future research may clarify this ambiguity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9210a8fee845466381ce9820c3a85f27", "input": "Question: Does prenatal marijuana exposure predict marijuana use in young adulthood?\nAnswer: PME is associated with subsequent marijuana use in young adulthood after considering the effects of other significant factors. These findings have important implications for public health given the recent trend toward legitimization of marijuana use.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-411b97d1a5324515ac65871da7c4b1d0", "input": "Question: Does nAIF1 inhibit gastric cancer cells migration and invasion via the MAPK pathways?\nAnswer: Our study revealed that NAIF1 plays a role in regulating cellular migration and invasion through the MAPK pathways. It could be a therapeutic target for gastric cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f4684db503f4fd08d1a180ed7966354", "input": "Question: Is cMV specific cytokine release assay in whole blood optimized by combining synthetic CMV peptides and toll like receptor agonists?\nAnswer: IGRAs using synthetic CMV peptides or native lysate showed the best cytokine signal to noise ratio compared to recombinant antigen and TLR agonists LTA and Poly(I:C) constitute potential costimulating reagents.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a6985b8609546f5a9f66e43a26e64e8", "input": "Question: Does light alcohol consumption play a protective role against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Japanese men with metabolic syndrome?\nAnswer: The prevalence of NAFLD in light drinkers was significantly lower than in non-drinkers, and supporting previous reports studying the general population, LAC is one of the significant predictors of a decreased prevalence of NAFLD in men with MS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c8ef796bad8747c4b17f146852a7aca8", "input": "Question: Do genomic selection accuracies within and between environments and small breeding groups in white spruce?\nAnswer: Given the need for high relatedness between CV sets to obtain good prediction accuracies, we recommend to build GS models for prediction within the same breeding population only. Breeding groups could be merged to build genomic prediction models as long as the total effective population size does not exceed 50 individuals in order to obtain high prediction accuracy such as that obtained in the present study. A number of markers limited to a few hundred would not negatively impact prediction accuracies, but these could decrease more rapidly over generations. The most promising short-term approach for genomic selection would likely be the selection of superior individuals within large full-sib families vegetatively propagated to implement multiclonal forestry.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bcfbe269d3b44902ad2ad8710c628b9c", "input": "Question: Do local and general anaesthesia influence outcome of transfemoral aortic valve implantation?\nAnswer: Selection of anaesthesia appears to be more influenced by national practice and operator preference than patient characteristics. In the absence of an observed difference in outcomes for either approach, there is no compelling argument to suggest that operators and centres should change their anaesthetic practice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-04cb4ee8769a487bbcf4fd1d48666cc6", "input": "Question: Does multidrug resistant bacteriuria before percutaneous nephrolithotomy predict for postoperative infectious complications?\nAnswer: Our institution demonstrated a relatively high prevalence of MDR bacteriuria in patients undergoing PCNL and that MDR is a significant risk factor for postoperative infectious complications despite appropriate preoperative antibiotics. Further investigations regarding prophylaxis modalities and infection prevention strategies are needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b85f4f1eda24b90bb456caff7e34494", "input": "Question: Is higher fibrinogen level independently linked with the presence and severity of new-onset coronary atherosclerosis among Han Chinese population?\nAnswer: Higher fibrinogen level is independently linked with the presence and severity of new-onset coronary atherosclerosis in Han Chinese population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fcff244194e4b9ca952d2641f21f09b", "input": "Question: Is the combination of pill count and self-reported adherence a strong predictor of first-line ART failure for adults in South Africa?\nAnswer: In this setting, a combination of pill count adherence and self-report adherence questions had the highest diagnostic accuracy for VF. Further validation of this simple, low-cost combination is warranted in large prospective studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8a3e3d57ddb42ebaf5bd49bd43890cd", "input": "Question: Does microRNA-19a enhance proliferation of bronchial epithelial cells by targeting TGF\u03b2R2 gene in severe asthma?\nAnswer: Our study uncovers a new regulatory pathway involving miR-19a that is critical to the severe phenotype of asthma and indicates that downregulating miR-19a expression could be explored as a potential new therapy to modulate epithelium repair in asthma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a59d0f041c654ac381a19180ac19fc7e", "input": "Question: Are serum triglycerides , but not cholesterol or leptin , decreased in suicide attempters with mood disorders?\nAnswer: This is a cross-sectional study, and we cannot therefore assess whether a decrease in triglycerides caused a mood episode with suicidal ideation that led to a suicide attempt or if the presence of a mood episode originated a loss of appetite and consequent loss of weight, therefore decreasing triglyceride levels.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ae6d441f18d4d299b155775a420a9c5", "input": "Question: Is soft drink consumption associated with depressive symptoms among adults in China?\nAnswer: This is a cross-sectional study, causal relation remains unknown.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-884e26cde6294b48bad3ffc80fb2130a", "input": "Question: Is blood alcohol concentration negatively associated with gambling money won on the Iowa gambling task in naturalistic settings after controlling for trait impulsivity and alcohol tolerance?\nAnswer: Trait impulsivity and habitual alcohol use were also significant predictors. Results are discussed in terms of acute effects of alcohol on brain systems and the behavioural consequences of such effects on decision making.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5ecfff4a5074055b6d2eea7c1c93a45", "input": "Question: Does sexual activity predispose to reflux episodes in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease?\nAnswer: Sexual activity does not predispose to increased intraesophageal acid exposure and acid reflux events. Larger studies are needed to confirm our findings in patients who define reflux symptoms during sexual intercourse.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec3031febe3f40418f947ff77b72a1eb", "input": "Question: Is vascular injury associated with increased mortality in winter sports trauma?\nAnswer: Although vascular injury is an uncommon associated finding in winter sports trauma, it is associated with a significant increase in mortality. These findings highlight the need for rapid identification of traumatic vascular injuries, which predicts worse overall outcomes in this patient population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-62eb105ee0cf4fb99aefdd5b46bdc28f", "input": "Question: Is a common variant in RAB27A gene associated with fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels in adults?\nAnswer: This study identified a common variant located in RAB27A gene influencing FeNO levels specifically in adults and with a biological relevance to the regulation of FeNO levels. This study provides new insight into the biological mechanisms underlying FeNO levels in adults.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8a7f65d29f9143f89911da7136c173d0", "input": "Question: Does a dietary phytochemical blend prevent liver damage associated with adipose tissue mobilization in ovariectomized rats?\nAnswer: Adverse hepatic effects secondary to ovariectomy were mitigated through the inclusion of a dietary phytochemical blend in aged ovariectomized rats. The use of such compounds may not only help with weight management and disease risk in menopausal women, but may also prevent the lipotoxicity in NAFLD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-af3a3d7622ce4265a916a6dd9d4efe9a", "input": "Question: Is real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography useful for percutaneous closure of multiple secundum atrial septal defects?\nAnswer: RT-3D-TEE provides reliable diagnostic evidence of multiple ASDs and can help the clinician to select an appropriate operation scheme according to the number and morphology of multiple defects prior to percutaneous transcatheter closure. It also allows for proper positioning of the devices during the procedure and provides an effective means of evaluating the success of the procedure. For two devices to be implanted simultaneously in multiple ASDs, the usual requirement for the distance between the two defects may differ between our domestically made devices and the Amplatzer occluder.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3864fbaaf0bd40b7a995371e8b2276ec", "input": "Question: Do longitudinal patterns of cortisol regulation differ in maltreated and nonmaltreated children?\nAnswer: Interventions for maltreated children may benefit from pre- and post-intervention HPA assessments to determine a component of treatment efficacy. As maltreatment dimensions predicted differential cortisol regulation, assessment of maltreatment experiences is necessary to understand alterations in behavior and HPA regulation post-intervention.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7fe4633371c042729873f19f35001bb3", "input": "Question: Does substance Use and Related harm Among Adolescents With and Without Traumatic Brain Injury?\nAnswer: There are strong and demographically stable associations between TBI and substance use. These associations may not only increase the odds of injury but impair the quality of postinjury recovery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-88f63857d7574f8ca1cbf46ae84e541b", "input": "Question: Is eGFR-TKI effective regardless of treatment timing in pulmonary adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutation?\nAnswer: EGFR-TKIs showed similar efficacy in patients with EGFR mutation-positive adenocarcinoma in terms of RR, PFS, and OS irrespective of treatment timing. Although EGFR-TKIs are currently the treatment of choice of first-line treatment in patients with EGFR-positive tumors, the sequential treatment with EGFR-TKI could be a reasonable option when EGFR mutation status cannot be obtained in a short time.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2720eebcc8ad4c24a3a7812af3f0cb0a", "input": "Question: Is diabetes associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism : a systematic review and meta-analysis?\nAnswer: Diabetes is associated with increased risk of VTE, which may have implications for the primary and secondary prevention of VTE.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-38514432d9444aec9a42e576129dc29d", "input": "Question: Is invasion of uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma cells facilitated by locoregional interaction with cancer-associated fibroblasts via activating transforming growth factor-beta?\nAnswer: These results suggest that interaction between CSCC cells and surrounding CCAFs activates TGF-\u03b2 via thrombospondin-1 secretion to facilitate CSCC invasion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ae9f087b9bd4370a2a48e065c8eef60", "input": "Question: Is increased serum cancer antigen-125 a marker for severity of deep endometriosis?\nAnswer: Serum CA-125 levels were significantly increased in women with severe forms of endometriosis, OMA, and DIE lesions. In addition, elevated serum Ca-125 levels were associated with more severe and extended DIE lesions. In women with superficial peritoneal lesions, CA-125 levels were not different from women without endometriosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9dc3ad886e1e4e57832ae01cf76ad10c", "input": "Question: Do detailed characterization of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in two distinct human solid malignancies show phenotypic similarities?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates that multi-color flow cytometry of freshly digested tumor samples reveals phenotypic differences in TIL vs PBL T cell sub-populations. The TIL composition in primary and metastatic tumors from two distinct histologies were remarkably similar, showing a greater proportion of activated/suppressive Treg (HLA-DR(+), CD39(+), CTLA-4(+) and Helios(+)) and activated cytotoxic T cells (CD8(+)/HLA-DR(+)/CD38(+)) when compared to PBL and an increase in IL-6 mRNA from CD4 TIL.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8788c6152cc949e9948ae277ee888cb7", "input": "Question: Do long-term lung cancer survivors have permanently decreased quality of life after surgery?\nAnswer: NSCLC survivors may suffer postoperatively from permanently reduced long-term HRQoL compared to an age- and gender-matched general population. This is essential patient information as more patients are surviving longer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c031011a3140425fbb7ce9e65d6a7fc1", "input": "Question: Does pregestational maternal obesity impair endocrine pancreas in male F1 and F2 progeny?\nAnswer: Maternal HF diet consumed during the preconception period and throughout the gestation and lactation periods in mice promotes metabolism and pancreatic programming in F1 and F2 male offspring, implying intergenerational effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8fa3c5dae97f41f6b95ee943da1e05bc", "input": "Question: Does chloroquine enhance temozolomide cytotoxicity in malignant gliomas by blocking autophagy?\nAnswer: Taken together, these results demonstrate that CQ blocks autophagy and triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress, thereby increasing the chemosensitivity of glioma cells to TMZ.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-521493361bf04ce08fb2906baa052df2", "input": "Question: Is long-term therapy with temozolomide a feasible option for newly diagnosed glioblastoma : a single-institution experience with as many as 101 temozolomide cycles?\nAnswer: This study describes the longest experience so far reported with TMZ in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastomas, with as many as 101 cycles, who were treated using GTR. Statistically significant data confirm that median survival correlates with MGMT promoter methylation status as well as with the number of TMZ cycles administered. Long-term TMZ therapy appears feasible and safe.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd7061fafe214104aeae5ef472e4c0cd", "input": "Question: Is thiazide-induced hyponatraemia associated with increased water intake and impaired urea-mediated water excretion at low plasma antidiuretic hormone and urine aquaporin-2?\nAnswer: Thiazide diuretics are associated with markedly impaired free water excretion at low ADH and AQP2 in elderly patients. The higher water intake and lower urea excretion in patients points to an important role for polydipsia and urea-mediated water excretion in the pathogenesis of thiazide-induced hyponatraemia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c299d036426d4e50a75cf728b580b760", "input": "Question: Is weight based heparin dosing for thromboembolic disease associated with earlier anticoagulation in surgical patients?\nAnswer: Surgical patients who received an initial weight based UFH infusion achieved earlier therapeutic anticoagulation compared to under-dosed UFH without increasing the occurrence of supratherapeutic PTT levels or hemorrhagic events.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-01018750d6104387a473ec39b4eb2bb8", "input": "Question: Does prospective international cohort study demonstrate inability of interim PET to predict treatment failure in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma?\nAnswer: This large international cohort delivers 3 novel findings: treatment response assessed by I-PET is comparable across disparate healthcare systems, secondly a negative I-PET findings together with good clinical status identifies a group with an EFS of 98%, and thirdly a single I-PET scan does not differentiate chemoresistant lymphoma from complete response and cannot be used to guide risk-adapted therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb1d7ded97434ff0b1152543656ec800", "input": "Question: Does fungal metabolite myriocin promote human herpes simplex virus-2 infection?\nAnswer: We found that myriocin promotes HSV-2 replication at nanomolar concentrations with yet unknown mechanisms. Further studies may uncover novel mechanisms regulating HSV replication and targets of myriocin action. This may have potential application in enhancing efficacy of oncolytic HSV for cancer therapy and other diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2f1e8d806f194fa3a365c2bb58fca9a7", "input": "Question: Does prenatal zinc reduce stress response in adult rat offspring exposed to lipopolysaccharide during gestation?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest a potential beneficial effect of prenatal zinc, in which the stress response was reduced in offspring that were stricken with infectious/inflammatory processes during gestation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b101e3fea50841cabbf65040fd0bc894", "input": "Question: Are global histone H3 lysine 27 triple methylation levels reduced in vessels with advanced atherosclerotic plaques?\nAnswer: Together, our data show that in atherosclerosis development alterations in global levels of H3K27Me3 occur. The reduction in the number of nuclei in the tunica media that display the repressive H3K27Me3 mark in vessels with advanced atherosclerosis plaques therefore could be a reflection of the dynamic pattern of smooth muscle cell differentiation and proliferation associated with atherosclerotic disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd710d1d90144aff9ab3ca11735e9ba6", "input": "Question: Does corn silk maysin induce apoptotic cell death in PC-3 prostate cancer cells via mitochondria-dependent pathway?\nAnswer: These results suggested for the first time that maysin inhibits the PC-3 cancer cell growth via stimulation of mitochondria-dependent apoptotic cell death and may have a strong therapeutic potential for the treatment of either chemo-resistant or androgen-independent human prostate cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2a0368807d974d31a6ef6ca4a386ed4c", "input": "Question: Do some Strychnos spinosa ( Loganiaceae ) leaf extracts and fractions have good antimicrobial activities and low cytotoxicities?\nAnswer: The acetone extract and the chloroform fraction had the highest antibacterial activity. By solvent-solvent fractionation it was possible to increase the activity against A. fumigatus and to decrease the cytotoxicity leading to a potentially useful product to protect animals against aspergillosis. Our results therefore support the use of S. spinosa leaves in traditional medicine to treat infectious diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b06d1b213d9a48578cc477de36f981c7", "input": "Question: Does maternal immune activation in nonhuman primates alter social attention in juvenile offspring?\nAnswer: In the rhesus monkey model, exposure to MIA at the end of the first trimester results in abnormal gaze patterns to salient social information. The use of noninvasive eye tracking extends the findings from rodent MIA models to more human-like behaviors resembling those in both autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9df56778a63f4f6dad1b44efb24d7ae5", "input": "Question: Does atractylodes macrocephala Koidz stimulate intestinal epithelial cell migration through a polyamine dependent mechanism?\nAnswer: The results obtained from this study revealed that AMK significantly stimulates the migration of IEC-6 cells through a polyamine dependent mechanism, which could accelerate the healing of intestinal injury. These findings suggest the potential value of AMK in curing intestinal diseases characterized by injury and ineffective repair of the intestinal mucosa in clinical practice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eedc198c7cd64da8811f92d62b12c15e", "input": "Question: Does chronic exercise normalize changes in Cav 1.2 and KCa 1.1 channels in mesenteric arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats?\nAnswer: Chronic exercise reduces BP and restores vascular function in MAs from SHR, which might be related to the correction of the Cav 1.2 and KCa 1.1 channel remodelling during hypertension.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94899a9b727f4d67b56b05d349f98725", "input": "Question: Does cXCR3 antagonist VUF10085 bound to an intrahelical site distinct from that of the broad spectrum antagonist TAK-779?\nAnswer: This more detailed definition of a binding pocket within CXCR3 for low MW antagonists should facilitate the rational design of newer CXCR3 antagonists, with obvious clinical potential.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7dc68a2819c14c868b1d9a18462cb550", "input": "Question: Does prolonged P wave duration predict stroke mortality among type 2 diabetic patients with prevalent non-major macrovascular disease?\nAnswer: As an easily measurable factor P wave duration merits further studies with higher number of patients to evaluate its importance in the estimation of stroke risk in type 2 diabetic patients with PNMMVD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6054d2a9eefb45dfabe43a82b7372ea7", "input": "Question: Do central adenosine A1 and A2A receptors mediate the antinociceptive effects of neuropeptide S in the mouse formalin test?\nAnswer: The above findings suggest that: (i) NPS evokes central antinociceptive effects by activating both A1 and A2A receptors during phase 1, but (ii) only the adenosine A2A receptor during phase 2 of the formalin test.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-366db0857c7d496cad967a6a7738b868", "input": "Question: Does experimental diabetes mellitus type 1 increase hippocampal content of kynurenic acid in rats?\nAnswer: A novel factor potentially implicated in diabetic hippocampal dysfunction has been identified. Observed increase of KYNA level may stem from the activation of endogenous neuroprotection, however, it may also have negative impact on cognition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cdc94318df274c9e83d100d61d17f604", "input": "Question: Does blockade of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway ameliorate delayed gastric emptying in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats?\nAnswer: Inflammation was associated with the development of delayed gastric emptying, and blockade of p38 MAPK pathway with SB203580 ameliorates delayed gastric emptying in diabetic rats, at least in part, by inhibiting the expression of iNOS, TNF-a and IL-1\u03b2. Therefore, p38MAPK may serve as a novel target for the therapy of diabetes-related gastrointestinal dysmotility.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-338f97a23bb640cc87b89a3315afa835", "input": "Question: Is high level of plasma matrix metalloproteinase-11 associated with clinicopathological characteristics in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: Our study showed that plasma level of MMP-11 may be useful for assessment of the disease progression, especially lymph node metastasis, in patients with OSCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e3a14acf447d41d8a6f55addd8d517c1", "input": "Question: Is interferon lambda-3 associated with clinical outcome in patients with HCV-induced compensated cirrhosis : a long-term cohort study?\nAnswer: IFN-\u03bb3 determination is fundamental for allocating cirrhotic patients to be treated with IFN, while it has no value in predicting the outcome of the disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-64e72e6e54354ab0b3e84f9b94ac97ba", "input": "Question: Does dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex mediate the Impact of Serotonin Transporter Linked Polymorphic Region Genotype on Anticipatory Threat Reactions?\nAnswer: The converging results from these experiments demonstrate that innate 5-HTTLPR linked variation in dmPFC activity predicts psychophysiological responsivity to pending threats. Our results reveal a neurogenetic pathway mediating interindividual variability in anticipatory responses to threat and yield a novel mechanistic account for previously reported associations between genetic variability in serotonin transporter function and stress-related psychopathology.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-693f3cd84dd04f71a20fac3755a64306", "input": "Question: Does intensity-modulated whole pelvic radiotherapy provide effective dosimetric outcomes for cervical cancer treatment with lower toxicities?\nAnswer: An intensity-modulated radiotherapy plan with appropriate margins encompassing the primary tumour and potential microscopic pelvic disease reduces the dose to organs at risk without compromising target coverage. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy is an appropriate definitive treatment for patients with cervical cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9de03f28b94b4c03b409b1f1e7359019", "input": "Question: Does treatment with anti-C5a antibody improve the outcome of H7N9 virus infection in African green monkeys?\nAnswer: Antihuman C5a antibody treatment remarkably reduced the ALI and systemic inflammation induced by H7N9 virus infection. Complement inhibition may be a promising adjunctive therapy for severe viral pneumonia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0bf4ddb4b60d4daea18779f5c409091d", "input": "Question: Are socioeconomic inequalities still a barrier to full child vaccine coverage in the Brazilian Amazon : a cross-sectional study in Assis Brasil , Acre , Brazil?\nAnswer: This study showed that vaccine coverage in the first twelve months of life in Assis Brasil is similar to other areas in the Amazon and it is below the coverage postulated by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Low vaccine coverage was associated with socioeconomic inequities that still prevail in the Brazilian Amazon. Short and long-term strategies must be taken to update child vaccines and increase vaccine coverage in the Amazon.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8418a99db814485a935d003275d18d0", "input": "Question: Does mental fatigue affect maximal anaerobic exercise performance?\nAnswer: Near identical responses in performance and physiological parameters between mental fatigue and control conditions suggest that peripheral mechanisms primarily regulate maximal anaerobic exercise. Whereas mental fatigue can negatively impact submaximal endurance exercise, it appears that explosive power, voluntary maximal strength and anaerobic work capacity are unaffected.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aaa8edde6a564013af867fac9a8cc62d", "input": "Question: Is tP53 Pro72 allele enriched in oral tongue cancer and frequently mutated in esophageal cancer in India?\nAnswer: Our study revealed the association of Pro72 allele with SCCOT suggesting the effect of this polymorphism on SCCOT risk. Preferential mutation of Pro72 allele exclusively in ESCC indicates the need for further studies to understand the tissue specific effect of p53 polymorphism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b6c63a4e1fd4582884bc0105db3cbcf", "input": "Question: Does \u03b1-Enolase play a catalytically independent role in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction?\nAnswer: Our findings provided the evidence that \u03b1-enolase has a catalytically independent role in inducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction, which could be at least partially contributed to the inhibition of AMPK phosphorylation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fb6285a699f0448a859c662183ffbedf", "input": "Question: Do a qualitative study of the background and in-hospital medicolegal response to female burn injuries in India?\nAnswer: The similarities between accident and intention cluster so tightly as to make them challenging to distinguish, especially given women's understandable reticence to describe burns as non-accidental. The contested status of forensic evidence and a reliance on testimony means that only a minority of cases lead to conviction. The emphasis should be on improving documentation, communication between service providers, and public understanding of the risks of burns.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a4c89147155844ca87f7fe03a3feeead", "input": "Question: Is african-american race a predictor of seminal vesicle invasion after radical prostatectomy?\nAnswer: AA men have an increased risk of SVI after RP, particularly among men with Gleason \u2264 6 disease. This might represent racial differences in the biology of PCa disease progression, which contribute to poorer outcomes in AA men.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8199979d2d0647d6971a1469b995a196", "input": "Question: Is self-rated health associated with the length of stay at the intensive care unit and hospital following cardiac surgery?\nAnswer: Lower happiness and self-rated health may influence the outcome of cardiac surgery. Therefore, these variables should be assessed in patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9229bf4b5e864bf3942aa35ca9c703ca", "input": "Question: Is integrin-based meningioma cell migration promoted by photon but not by carbon-ion irradiation?\nAnswer: Photon but not carbon-ion IR promotes serum-based meningioma cell migration. Fibronectin receptor integrin \u03b1\u03bd\u03b21 signaling can be identified as an important mechanism for serum- and photon-induced migration of WHO class I meningioma cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5dd4e08a8434cde95512818d361ed40", "input": "Question: Does early-life stress selectively affect gastrointestinal but not behavioral responses in a genetic model of brain-gut axis dysfunction?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that early-life stress, on the background of a genetic predisposition to display an anxiety- and depressive-like phenotype, selectively influences GI function rather than stress-related behaviors. Thus, our findings highlight the importance of genetic predisposition on the outcome of early-life adversity on GI function.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4dc2d3d2a43242bfa04a459e118f4bbc", "input": "Question: Are historic and current hepatitis B viral DNA and quantitative HBsAg level associated with cirrhosis in non-Asian women with chronic hepatitis B?\nAnswer: Neither historic nor current HBV DNA or the quantitative HBsAg level is associated with the development of HBV-related cirrhosis in non-Asian women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-34df22c5a96c4880a3f98022375a3b43", "input": "Question: Does patatin-related phospholipase pPLAIII\u03b4 influence auxin-responsive cell morphology and organ size in Arabidopsis and Brassica napus?\nAnswer: These data suggest that the PLAIII\u03b4 gene plays an important role in cell morphology and organ size through its involvement in the regulation of auxin distribution in plants.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d9d51241aa64ec2b275e738a82fe018", "input": "Question: Does histoscanning have low sensitivity and specificity for seminal vesicle invasion?\nAnswer: HS results did not allow a reliable prediction of SVI within PCa patients. Despite, the application of HS signal volume cut-offs (>0.2 and >0.5 mL), the prediction of SVI within PCa patients remained insufficient.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b3e37698dcef487d9ff65f5081298df3", "input": "Question: Is low percentage of free prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ) a strong predictor of later detection of prostate cancer among Japanese men with serum levels of total PSA of 4.0 ng/mL or less?\nAnswer: A low %fPSA is a strong predictor of a subsequent diagnosis of prostate cancer among men with tPSA levels \u22644.0 ng/mL. Measurement of %fPSA might enhance the detection of high-grade cancer that warrants aggressive treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e2865fbe6874b5dabbad81673c6efcd", "input": "Question: Is permanent His-bundle pacing feasible , safe , and superior to right ventricular pacing in routine clinical practice?\nAnswer: Permanent HBP without a mapping catheter or a backup right ventricular lead was successfully achieved in 80% of patients. PTh was higher and FT was comparable to those of the RVP group. Clinical outcomes were better in the HBP group than in the RVP group.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2a743dd901794d7d9a8899fd095ba402", "input": "Question: Are clinical and serum-based markers associated with death within 1 year of de novo implant in primary prevention ICD recipients?\nAnswer: Individuals with more comorbidities and elevation of specific serum biomarkers were at increased risk of all-cause mortality despite being deemed as having a reasonable 1-year life expectancy. A simple risk score composed of readily available clinical data and serum biomarkers may better identify patients at high risk of early mortality and improve patient selection and counseling for primary prevention ICD therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fa2bae4e7b394686b480c9f8e9941409", "input": "Question: Does astaxanthin prevent TGF\u03b21-induced pro-fibrogenic gene expression by inhibiting Smad3 activation in hepatic stellate cells?\nAnswer: Taken together, ASTX exerted anti-fibrogenic effects by blocking TGF\u03b21-signaling, consequently inhibiting the activation of Smad3 pathway in HSCs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4ae38183aaf3460cb1043ef0b1fd8205", "input": "Question: Is vitamin D deficiency in mycosis fungoides and S\u00e9zary syndrome patients similar to other cancer patients?\nAnswer: To our knowledge,this is the first study of vitamin D status in CTCL patients. Vitamin D deficiency was present in CTCL and other cancer patients compared with normal and historical controls. Correction of vitamin D deficiency and type of vitamin D supplementation used did not affect the overall clinical disease response.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-af628b55d1944d4a8cff9d91f64dd1c6", "input": "Question: Does genome wide association study identify variants in NBEA associated with migraine in bipolar disorder?\nAnswer: Our study is based on self-reported migraine.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-969b86521a2545638527ace001e5ce65", "input": "Question: Is nASH resolution associated with improvements in HDL and triglyceride levels but not improvement in LDL or non-HDL-C levels?\nAnswer: NASH resolution is associated with improvements in TG and HDL but not in other cardiovascular disease risk factors including LDL and non-HDL-C levels. Individuals with resolution of NASH may still be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00063622.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8fa77f7f14d841bab06be12ec4f21545", "input": "Question: Is aberrant P-cadherin expression associated to aggressive feline mammary carcinomas?\nAnswer: The results demonstrate a relationship between P-cadherin expression and aggressive biological behaviour of feline mammary carcinomas, suggesting that P-cadherin may be considered an indicator of poor prognosis in this animal species. Moreover, it indicates that, in queens, the aberrant expression of P-cadherin is a better marker of mammary carcinomas aggressive behaviour than the reduction of E-cadherin expression. Further investigation with follow-up studies in feline species should be conducted in order to evaluate the prognostic value of P-cadherin expression in E-cadherin positive carcinomas.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f8957e1633b643d69e37055467b8a3d0", "input": "Question: Does casticin inhibit COX-2 and iNOS expression via suppression of NF-\u03baB and MAPK signaling in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophages?\nAnswer: These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of casticin is due to inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators by blocking the NF-\u03baB, Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-849c999b9cd74dea8a19d97f6ce3847c", "input": "Question: Do transcriptome sequencing and comparative analysis reveal long-term flowing mechanisms in Hevea brasiliensis latex?\nAnswer: We conducted high-resolution transcriptome profiling related to LFL in H. brasiliensis. The research facilitates further studies on gene discovery and on the molecular mechanisms related to the estimation of tapping intensity and prolonging latex flowing time. We concluded that it was necessary to improve energy supplies for intensive tapping and the copper ion content of rubber tree latex could be considered as a standard to estimate tapping intensity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b1875f266b540cabfef25d584b95e79", "input": "Question: Does cannabidiol fail to reverse hypothermia or locomotor suppression induced by \u0394 ( 9 ) -tetrahydrocannabinol in Sprague-Dawley rats?\nAnswer: There is no evidence from this study that elevated CBD content in cannabis could provide protection from the physiological effects of THC, in rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-57f078e978f64354be69b6fcee1f88ee", "input": "Question: Does miR-1228 promote the proliferation and metastasis of hepatoma cells through a p53 forward feedback loop?\nAnswer: miR-1228 functions as an oncogene by promoting cell cycle progression and cell mobility and negatively regulates the expression of p53. p53 downregulation in turn leads to an increase in miR-1228 expression, thereby forming a positive feedback loop that contributes to cancerogenesis in HCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-52c97b5485c047658747679cf930ccdf", "input": "Question: Does over-expression of small ubiquitin-like modifier proteases 1 predict chemo-sensitivity and poor survival in non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: SENP1 may be a promising predictor of survival, a predictive factor of chemo-sensitivity for NSCLC patients, and potentially a desirable drug target for lung carcinoma target therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-78ce29e9df094d15ab1dcdd11e319dc3", "input": "Question: Is wnt signaling involved in 6-benzylthioinosine-induced AML cell differentiation?\nAnswer: Both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling were involved in 6-BT-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells, and played opposite roles in this process. Wnt signaling could be involved in the pathogenesis of AML not only by regulating self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells, but also by playing a role in the differentiation of AML cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d51ba1362bc4afda035e3946657c66b", "input": "Question: Does ginsenoside Rg3 improve erectile function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats?\nAnswer: Oral gavage with Rg3 appears to both prevent degeneration of neurons in the dorsal nerves and exert an antioxidant effect in the corpus cavernosum of rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-584a9be5b2aa4f13abcd04c403246c05", "input": "Question: Does serum alanine aminotransferase predict the histological course of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in Japanese patients?\nAnswer: A lack of reduction in serum ALT level by at least 30% from baseline was a predictor for histological progression in patients with NASH. Serum ALT level is a better predictor of histological change than insulin resistance or bodyweight and can be a valid index in treatment. Serum ALT should be strictly controlled to prevent liver histological progression in patients with NASH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3de2ef9604fd41f694d501d480de1506", "input": "Question: Does hepatic Notch2 deficiency lead to bile duct agenesis perinatally and secondary bile duct formation after weaning?\nAnswer: Cholangiocyte differentiation becomes progressively less dependent on NOTCH2 signaling with age, suggesting that ductal-plate formation is dependent on NOTCH2, but subsequent cholangiocyte differentiation is not.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b9a60b2fbb942649aad8409b9ac1cc5", "input": "Question: Does recipient T cell TIM-3 and hepatocyte galectin-9 signalling protect mouse liver transplants against ischemia-reperfusion injury?\nAnswer: Harnessing TIM-3/Gal-9 signalling at the T cell-hepatocyte interface facilitates homeostasis in IR-stressed orthotopic liver transplants. Enhancing anti-oxidant hepatocyte Gal-9 potentiates liver IR-resistance. Negative regulation by recipient TIM-3+CD4+ cells provides evidence for cytoprotective functions of a discrete T cell subset, which should be spared when applying T cell-targeted immunosuppression in transplant recipients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a070593a3f614eff9cac517d99c72a63", "input": "Question: Does contrast enhancement pattern on multidetector CT predict malignancy in pancreatic endocrine tumours?\nAnswer: Correlating with the lesion grading and other histological prognostic predictors, CEP may preoperatively suggest the behaviour of pNETs, assisting decisions about treatment. Moreover CEP allows recognition of malignant small tumours, incorrectly classified on the basis of their dimension.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8ba2f9b186f41c18195e4be25f36fcf", "input": "Question: Does ketamine inhibit proliferation of neural stem cell from neonatal rat hippocampus in vitro?\nAnswer: Ketamine inhibited proliferation of NSCs from neonatal rat hippocampus in vitro. Suppressing Ca(2+)-PKC\u03b1-ERK1/2 signaling pathway may be involved in this inhibitory effect of ketamine on NSCs proliferation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-032370fdbe3343c992c6837b69587f29", "input": "Question: Does iTRAQ-based quantitative proteome and phosphoprotein characterization reveal the central metabolism changes involved in wheat grain development?\nAnswer: Our results revealed a complex quantitative proteome and phosphorylation profile during wheat grain development. Numerous DEPs are involved in grain starch and protein syntheses as well as adverse defense, which set an important basis for wheat yield and quality. Particularly, some key DEPs involved in starch biosynthesis and stress/defense were phosphorylated, suggesting their roles in wheat grain development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2dbdd34cf31146aeabfbcba226f2fc76", "input": "Question: Are low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d concentrations associated with increased risk for melanoma and unfavourable prognosis?\nAnswer: Our data support the concept that serum 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with risk and prognosis of melanoma. Whether normalizing serum 25(OH)D concentrations in these patients improves outcomes will require testing in future clinical trials.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-500212db20514f2b9db837df8dd0f580", "input": "Question: Does [ Descriptive study of healthcare professionals ' management of tick bite ]?\nAnswer: We conclude that the performance of the healthcare providers that integrate this study does not closely follow general recommendations for extraction, treatment and follow-up care in patients with tick bites. Therefore, there is a need to improve the level of knowledge to ensure quality care in these instances.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-29052623b81040c1ab88e66da2ff5610", "input": "Question: Do left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and ejection fraction correlate independently with high-sensitivity cardiac troponin-T concentrations in stable heart failure?\nAnswer: In patients with stable chronic HF, LVEDP and LVEF correlate with the serum concentrations of hs-cTnT, independently of other correlates of elevated plasma concentrations of hs-cTnT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-71fcb871757248d78e42a5ebfc4a6055", "input": "Question: Does image-guided placement of long-term central venous catheters reduce complications and cost?\nAnswer: This review supports the use of US for CVC placement with fluoroscopy in reducing the rate of procedural complications. Additionally, with fluoroscopic imaging, postprocedural CXR can be eliminated with associated healthcare savings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf2583cab5794487b3abe308ac102865", "input": "Question: Does exosome-mediated transfer of miR-10b promote cell invasion in breast cancer?\nAnswer: Together, our results suggest that a set of specific microRNAs may play an important role in modulating tumor microenvironment through exosomes. Thus, a better understanding of this process may aid in the development of novel therapeutic agents.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-13bb0a06a2fd4bf0bdc82a04a573fbce", "input": "Question: Does biolimus-eluting stent with biodegradable polymer improve clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: BES, compared with SES, significantly improved safety and efficacy outcomes in patients with AMI, especially those with STEMI, at 5-year follow-up.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6a62e54746e94c84b29680f37eaf6594", "input": "Question: Does triptolide inhibit TGF-\u03b21-induced cell proliferation in rat airway smooth muscle cells by suppressing Smad signaling?\nAnswer: Triptolide may function as an inhibitor of asthma airway remodeling by suppressing ASMCs proliferation via negative regulation of Smad signaling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dee735a8cc794ce497c8b80ed778d4e5", "input": "Question: Are aerobic capacity and upper limb strength reduced in women diagnosed with breast cancer : a systematic review?\nAnswer: Aerobic capacity and upper extremity strength in women diagnosed with breast cancer are generally lower than population norms. Assessment of values for lower extremity strength is less conclusive. As more research is published, expected values for sub-groups by age, treatment, and co-morbidities should be developed. [Neil-Sztramko SE, Kirkham AA, Hung SH, Niksirat N, Nishikawa K Campbell KL (2014) Aerobic capacity and upper limb strength are reduced in women diagnosed with breast cancer: a systematic review.Journal of Physiotherapy60: 189-200].", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-de4356e14dbe4effb2bde583756cda1c", "input": "Question: Is same-day intrauterine device placement rarely complicated by pelvic infection?\nAnswer: Same-day IUD placement was not associated with higher rates of PID. Concern for asymptomatic STI should not delay IUD placement, and efforts to increase the uptake of this highly effective reversible contraception should not be limited to populations at low risk of STI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5eba28bc9a0c413b9cd058324dafa6ea", "input": "Question: Do obese first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes with elevated triglyceride levels exhibit increased \u03b2-cell function?\nAnswer: We characterized FDR-T2DM subjects from central Mexico with NGT and revealed a class of obese subjects with elevated TGs and \u03b2-cell function, which may precede PT2DM.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5732a3540ed40fc894a03f6216922c5", "input": "Question: Do identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA ) strains isolated from burn patients by multiplex PCR?\nAnswer: This study presented a high MRSA rate in the region under investigation. The 16S rRNA-mecA-nuc multiplex PCR is a good tool for the rapid characterization of MRSA strains. This paper emphasizes the need for preventive measures and choosing effective antimicrobials against MRSA and MRCoNS infections in the burn units.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9467b78bde044bc8a290c1cc04f73966", "input": "Question: Is coexpression of IQ-domain GTPase-activating protein 1 ( IQGAP1 ) and Dishevelled ( Dvl ) correlated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: Coexpression of IQGAP1 and Dvl in the cytoplasm and nucleus was correlated with the lymph nodal metastase and poor prognosis of NSCLC, and coexpression in nucleus might play a critical role in the activation of canonical Wnt pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6d323af53e2048f697507482ab77030a", "input": "Question: Do ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used for pregnant women\u05f3s health conditions in Menoua division-West Cameroon?\nAnswer: Many herbal remedies used for the treatment of pregnant women\u05f3s health conditions in Menoua division-West Cameroon have been revealed. It would therefore be judicious for our government and research institution to evaluate the therapeutic and toxicological potentials of these plants in order to valorize their use.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f1a37deb91e04e7aac6cad39be41c696", "input": "Question: Does shexiang Tongxin dropping pill attenuate atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE deficient mouse model?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrated for the first time that STDP attenuated atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE(-/-) mouse model. Moreover, STDP treatment exhibited multi-targeting effects on pathological, biochemical and molecular aspects of atherosclerosis implicating lipid regulation, fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress. Findings from the current study warrant further evaluation of the clinical application of STDP in atherosclerosis treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9b2a061dc6447f584c5bbef81e43db0", "input": "Question: Do aCTN3 R577X genotypes associate with Class II and deepbite malocclusions?\nAnswer: ACTN3 577XX is overrepresented in subjects with skeletal Class II malocclusion, suggesting a biologic influence during bone growth. ACTN3 577XX is underrepresented in subjects with deepbite malocclusion, suggesting that muscle differences contribute to variations in vertical facial dimensions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed780fd4d4d34a3aa42df9aa8c1eb868", "input": "Question: Is percutaneous intervention of circumflex chronic total occlusions associated with worse procedural outcomes : insights from a Multicentre US Registry?\nAnswer: In a contemporary, multicentre CTO PCI registry, LCX was the least common target vessel. Compared with LAD and RCA, PCI of LCX CTOs was associated with a lower rate of procedural success, less efficiency, and a nonsignificant trend for higher rates of complications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f012073b93674f92bc1b0fc242a502e3", "input": "Question: Does fiber supplementation lower plasma p-cresol in chronic kidney disease patients?\nAnswer: Supplementing the diet of CKD patients with fiber may be a dietary therapy to reduce p-cresol and improve stool frequency.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e17f68f8b5a54706a15b65ff8ba25115", "input": "Question: Do antiphospholipid antibodies correlate with stroke severity and outcome in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome?\nAnswer: In young stroke patients with APS, serum levels of IgM aCL within 48\u2009h are correlated with stroke severity and levels of IgG anti-\u03b22GPI within 48\u2009h are correlated with three-month outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1ba6a401a70e48c6a71aeb39add41646", "input": "Question: Are `` There bugs in condoms '' : Tanzanian close-to-community providers ' ability to offer effective adolescent reproductive health services?\nAnswer: Although close-to-community providers are considered a key resource in the community, most have limited capacity to provide ARH services. Without capacity-building investments such as training and cooperation with the mainstream health sector, their contribution to positive reproductive health outcomes is limited, or could indeed lead to adverse outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-99dde3e665174f2a8d672f8eefb1efa4", "input": "Question: Does engineered heart tissue transplantation alter electrical-conduction function in rats with myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: EHT transplantation can improve electrical-conduction and function of MI rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-75176863c2754b509fe30435f08efa9f", "input": "Question: Does protein kinase D1 deficiency promote differentiation in epidermal keratinocytes?\nAnswer: Cre-recombinase-mediated knockdown represents an additional approach demonstrating that PKD1 is an anti-differentiative, pro-proliferative signal in mouse keratinocytes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea88cd8f43f14356ac4b1f77e6acc8cc", "input": "Question: Is cD133 expression correlated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: CD133 expression is correlated with poor prognosis in CRC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5cbe505b41ea47498437b10d7be53702", "input": "Question: Does atomoxetine reduce hyperactive/impulsive behaviours in neurokinin-1 receptor 'knockout ' mice?\nAnswer: This evidence that atomoxetine reduces hyperactive/impulsive behaviours in NK1R(-/-) mice consolidates the validity of using NK1R(-/-) mice in research of the aetiology and treatment of ADHD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2481bc0d4c024b88a36654473c95f047", "input": "Question: Do pre-treatment serum total bilirubin level as an indicator of optimal CPT-11 dosage?\nAnswer: PTB can be used as a predictive marker of CPT-11-induced severe neutropenia and FN. In patients with PTB \u22650.8 mg/dL, the CPT-11 dose should be reduced to less than 80 mg/m(2) with weekly dosing.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-031f66615f2a4e31a5895b18aee0262e", "input": "Question: Does the indole derivative NecroX-7 improve nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in ob/ob mice through suppression of mitochondrial ROS/RNS and inflammation?\nAnswer: NecroX-7 treatment improved hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in murine NASH models. These effects occurred through the suppression of whole-cell ROS/RNS and inflammatory responses and suggest that NecroX-7 has a potential therapeutic benefit in steatohepatitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-beea06a7496a46a69401590747602712", "input": "Question: Does fluorescent labelling of intestinal epithelial cells reveal independent long-lived intestinal stem cells in a crypt?\nAnswer: The use of our original lentiviral transgene system to mark individual organoid crypt stem cells showed that long-lived plural crypt stem cells might independently serve as intestinal epithelial cells, resulting in the formation of a completely functional villus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ecf0c4c65bd427996d2f3c677494ab6", "input": "Question: Does noble-Collip Drum Trauma induce Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation But Not Acute Coagulopathy of Trauma-Shock?\nAnswer: The systemic thrombin generation accelerated by insufficient antithrombin control leads to the consumption of platelets and coagulation factors associated with hyperfibrin(ogen)olysis. These changes are collectively termed disseminated intravascular coagulation with the fibrinolytic phenotype.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9099ab435d2d4d578492969cf5fcaf54", "input": "Question: Does aminoguanidine inhibit ventricular fibrosis and remodeling process in isoproterenol-induced hypertrophied rat hearts by suppressing ROS and MMPs?\nAnswer: Anti-fibrotic and anti-hypertrophic activities of AG were mainly attributed to its ROS quenching efficacy and its direct interaction with MMP-2 and MMP-9.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b6e77a3a06a14f29b4681c5beee57770", "input": "Question: Is biliary-enteric reconstruction with hepaticoduodenostomy following laparoscopic excision of choledochal cyst associated with better postoperative outcomes : a single-centre experience?\nAnswer: Laparoscopic excision of choledochal cyst with hepaticoduodenostomy reconstruction is safe and feasible with shorter operative time, ICU stay and overall hospital stay. It is not inferior to HJ in terms of short-term postoperative outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bc3496be6254473a98e5daf8dde4f8fb", "input": "Question: Do international observational study of nutritional support in mechanically ventilated patients following burn injury?\nAnswer: Mechanically ventilated patients following burn develop substantial energy and protein deficits, with lesser deficits observed in survivors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e0444bd72ca4e50a59f084581ce79c5", "input": "Question: Is rs2070424 of the SOD1 gene associated with risk of Alzheimer 's disease?\nAnswer: rs2070424 polymorphism of the SOD1 gene is a risk factor for AD in Polish population. Allel G and genotype AG and GG are protective factors for AD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a75ba6933bb74343bc71ecd10673a66e", "input": "Question: Is structural maintenance of chromosomes 4 a predictor of survival and a novel therapeutic target in colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: Our clinical and experimental data suggest that SMC-4 may contribute to the progression of colorectal carcinogenesis. Our study provides a new therapeutic target for colorectal cancer treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6e64cfc1f5ed4193afa22ac453436706", "input": "Question: Is intermediate filament protein nestin expressed in developing meninges?\nAnswer: In the present study, nestin positive cells gradually diminished in the developing and maturing meninges during the fetal period. This probably depends on initiation of a decrease in nestin expression and replacement with other tissue-specific intermediate filaments while the differentiation process continues. These differences can make significant contributions to the investigation and diagnosis of various pathological disorders (Tab. 1, Fig. 3, Ref. 36).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea5f3a982ffc4aa886251079e3c0a07e", "input": "Question: Is dorsal plication without degloving safe and effective for correcting ventral penile deformities?\nAnswer: Penile plication is a safe and effective technique for correcting all directions of curvature. Dorsal plication without degloving produces favorable objective and subjective results comparable to ventral and lateral plication.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-99df9ad46ec142ad8e2b86ab22dc806b", "input": "Question: Is work disability related to the presence of arthritis and not to a specific diagnosis . Results from a large early arthritis cohort in Argentina?\nAnswer: 1. Work disability is higher in patients with inflammatory arthritis as compared to the general population. 2. Prevalence of work disability is comparable among patients with undifferentiated and rheumatoid arthritis. 3. Disease activity is the main disease variable associated with work disability.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4ad2b3f640647aaa9d3f0d58ebd9789", "input": "Question: Is the highly prevalent H3F3A mutation in giant cell tumours of bone shared by sporadic central giant cell lesion of the jaws?\nAnswer: On the basis of our findings, H3F3A p.Gly34 Trp or p.Gly34 Leu mutations are not a frequent event in CGCL. If these alterations are confirmed to be exclusive of GCT, the assessment of H3F3A mutations may help in the differential diagnosis of GCT and CGCL of the jaws.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-906f3a9553f043119b820020e325f76d", "input": "Question: Is chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension associated with iron overload?\nAnswer: CTEPH has no association with iron overload. The iron status evaluated by sTfR and ferritin is within the normal limits in this CTEPH population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-457040c2728e41aca82b0c4da55fc067", "input": "Question: Does immunological profiling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps reveal distinct VEGF and GM-CSF signatures during symptomatic exacerbations?\nAnswer: CRSwNP patients demonstrate distinct immunological changes locally and systemically during acute exacerbation. Growth factors VEGF and GM-CSF may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of subjects with CRS and nasal polyps experiencing exacerbation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-50c2421e299f456cbf6ff7604285aa41", "input": "Question: Do adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes display a high prevalence of endothelial dysfunction?\nAnswer: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes displayed evidence of endothelial dysfunction. Good metabolic control (glycated haemoglobin \u22647.5%, 58\u00a0mmol/mol) and regular physical activity of at least 4\u00a0h a week might be protective.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d509ad9057f04ca5941c8f2d2db26a55", "input": "Question: Do azo pigments and quinacridones induce delayed hypersensitivity in red tattoos?\nAnswer: Azo pigments and quinacridones both triggered reactions with similar clinical aspects but with varying histological findings. Patch and prick test results were disappointing with both. Reactions occurred following laser use in 1 case.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd4ec0c2ce454c2c96f5e4c646c374ee", "input": "Question: Is neoadjuvant treatment response in negative nodes an important prognosticator after esophagectomy?\nAnswer: Treatment-response lymph nodes detected from esophagectomy specimens in patients having undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy or combined chemoradiation for EAC provide valuable prognostic information, particularly in patients with limited nodal disease. The current practice of considering lymph nodes lacking viable cancer cells, but with evidence of tumor necrosis, as pathologically negative likely results in understaging. Future efforts at revising the staging system for EAC should consider incorporating treatment-response lymph nodes in the analysis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-165932bbae4149079a425e6e593f8954", "input": "Question: Do adult aortic valve interstitial cells have greater responses to toll-like receptor 4 stimulation?\nAnswer: Adult AVICs exhibit greater inflammatory and osteogenic responses to TLR4 stimulation. The enhanced responses in adult AVICs are at least partly due to lower levels of Stat3 activation in response to TLR4 stimulation relative to pediatric cells. Stat3 functions as a negative regulator of the TLR4 responses in human AVICs. The results suggest that Stat3 activation (tyrosine phosphorylation) may be protective and that TLR4 inhibition could be targeted pharmacologically to treat calcific aortic valve disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-57a67cd4350e4ff8b6b739f96193a4d9", "input": "Question: Do pollen tube cell walls of wild and domesticated tomatoes contain arabinosylated and fucosylated xyloglucan?\nAnswer: The results clearly indicate that the male gametophyte (pollen tube) and the sporophyte have structurally different XyG. This suggests that fucosylated XyG may have an important role in the tip growth of pollen tubes, and that they must have a specific set of functional XyG fucosyltransferases, which are yet to be characterized.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-36d487f1d13d4e48b8643e1a91549538", "input": "Question: Do clinical events after cessation of lamivudine therapy in patients recovered from hepatitis B flare with hepatic decompensation?\nAnswer: Cessation of lamivudine therapy after recovery from hepatitis B flare with decompensation was safe for most patients. However, 8.2% develop decompensation within 1 year and can be rescued by timely retreatment. With close monitoring, the stopping strategy could be a feasible alternative to indefinite therapy, especially in low resource settings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a82c1f9aaea4cb196c925de236df325", "input": "Question: Is miRNA-205 a candidate tumor suppressor that targets ZEB2 in renal cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: miR-205 is a candidate tumor suppressor that targets ZEB2 in RCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed3222aa6946489db7491c979c8c19e3", "input": "Question: Does the functional SNP rs3746804 in C20orf54 modify susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: A close association exists between functional SNP rs3746804 in C20orf54 and susceptibility to ESCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-184acc42597a48b5973e78b8dd7e0b5f", "input": "Question: Does soluble CD30 predict late acute rejection or safe tapering of immunosuppression in renal transplantation?\nAnswer: In two prospectively followed cohorts of renal transplant patients we found no association between sCD30 and the occurrence of either late acute rejection or acute rejection after reduction of immunosuppression.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d0b0b0da9f9d4242ac2071e7e4db006b", "input": "Question: Is generalized , severe , chronic periodontitis associated with anemia of chronic disease : a pilot study in urban , Indian males?\nAnswer: Severe periodontal disease can be linked with anemic status.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fb95b32cbcc944b0a243945f153747a7", "input": "Question: Does progressive periodontal disease have a simultaneous incremental elevation of gingival crevicular fluid and serum CRP levels?\nAnswer: C-reactive protein levels in gingival crevicular fluid and serum increased proportionately with the severity of periodontal disease. They correlated positively with clinical parameters, including gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level. Thus, it can be considered as a periodontal inflammatory biomarker and deserves further consideration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-14ebaf7b3c1b48ac937a41b26fcefa2e", "input": "Question: Is the anterior cingulate cortex a critical hub for pain-induced depression?\nAnswer: Our results show that, at cortical level, the sensory component of chronic pain remains functionally segregated from its affective and anxiodepressive components. Spontaneous tonic pain and evoked allodynia can be experimentally dissociated. Furthermore, the ACC appears as a critical hub for mood disorders, including for the anxiodepressive consequences of chronic pain, and thus constitutes an important target for divulging the underlying mechanism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-83b67d6cb72d42d4ad1c2fbc74ab9f3e", "input": "Question: Is the low level of glucagon-like peptide-1 ( glp-1 ) a risk factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: From this study it can be concluded that levels of intact GLP-1 are an important risk factor for T2DM in the Indonesian population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-233fb279765643869f5c53db6aa14920", "input": "Question: Does shinzami Korean purple-fleshed sweet potato extract prevent ischaemia-reperfusion-induced liver damage in rats?\nAnswer: Shinzami extract and anthocyanins have a hepatoprotective effect on the liver damage induced by hepatic I/R by improving antioxidant status. Furthermore, the Shinzami extract may have a more potent effect on the antioxidant status compared with the Shinzami anthocyanins alone.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-47f9770163e24d8daa8a5ad68f452c83", "input": "Question: Does vagus nerve stimulation have antidepressant effects in the kainic acid model for temporal lobe epilepsy?\nAnswer: The KA rats displayed anhedonia which was significantly decreased by VNS, indicating that this neuromodulatory treatment could likewise diminish depressive symptoms in patients suffering from temporal lobe epilepsy and comorbid depression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d209fa4192e1414dbd241c7454eaf5ec", "input": "Question: Is epidermal growth factor receptor mutation associated with longer local control after definitive chemoradiotherapy in patients with stage III nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: Our study is the first to show radiosensitive biology of EGFR-mutated tumors in definitive CRT with curative intent. This finding could serve as a credible baseline estimate of EGFR-mutated population in stage III nonsquamous NSCLC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b3d5aa719314e3fb389d768df256b1a", "input": "Question: Is epidemic MRSA clone ST22-IV more resistant to multiple host- and environment-related stresses compared with ST228-I?\nAnswer: Our results support our hypothesis that ST22-IV has a fitness advantage over ST228-I. This fitness advantage could have allowed ST22-IV to displace ST228-I without acquiring additional resistances and could help explain its epidemic success in hospital settings and its spread in Europe and beyond.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-49222d3e14814ebca100175b3fe75b10", "input": "Question: Is virological failure after 1 year of first-line ART associated with HIV minority drug resistance in rural Cameroon?\nAnswer: Virological failure after 1 year of ART was not associated with minority drug resistance at baseline but with incomplete adherence. Strategies to assure adherence and uninterrupted drug supplies are pivotal factors for therapy success.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7570298ad4ac4f3d8fe8c1421c890465", "input": "Question: Is blood transfusion associated with recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy in Child-Pugh class A patients?\nAnswer: These results suggest that blood transfusion was associated with recurrence of HCC after hepatectomy in patients with HCC and Child-Pugh class A.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a7865acdec34476083e2f9f0b20f6c1d", "input": "Question: Does transcutaneous oxygen tension measurements following peripheral transluminal angioplasty procedure have more specificity and sensitivity than ankle brachial index?\nAnswer: The increase in TcPO2 measurements following PTA procedure has more specificity and sensitivity than does ABI. The use of TcPO2 may represent a more accurate alternative than traditional methods (ABI) used in assessing PTA results. The TcPO2 also allows the radiologist to assess changes in tissue oxygenation during PTA, allowing changes to the procedure and subsequent treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-24a8ce4efff54b359fb7b272aab3357c", "input": "Question: Is obesity associated with increased postoperative complications after operative management of proximal humerus fractures?\nAnswer: Obesity and its resultant medical comorbidities are associated with increased rates of postoperative complications after operative management of proximal humerus fractures. Obese patients for whom operative management of proximal humerus fractures is planned should be counseled preoperatively about their increased risk for postoperative complications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-55299febd6b64322b2ad365f649dd63a", "input": "Question: Is radiofrequency ablation a thyroid function-preserving treatment for patients with bilateral benign thyroid nodules?\nAnswer: RF ablation improves cosmetic problems and symptoms and preserves thyroid function in patients with bilateral thyroid nodules.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-83143e718bd54f85b834de4bf34b335a", "input": "Question: Does silence of MCL-1 upstream signaling by shRNA abrogate multiple myeloma growth?\nAnswer: There is a syngeneic effect among the three independent STAT3, PI3K and MAPK2 survival-signaling pathways related to MCL-1 expression in MM cells. shRNAs silencing of STAT3, PI3K and MAPK2 together could provide an effective strategy to treat MM.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8fb7ec9fea734f5d8443a50b7a406b52", "input": "Question: Does pulse oximetry measure a lower heart rate at birth compared with electrocardiography?\nAnswer: In infants at birth, HRPO is significantly lower compared with ECG with clinically important differences in the first minutes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3bf50b8a0f74a84b168b329e028afaf", "input": "Question: Does brivaracetam differentially affect voltage-gated sodium currents without impairing sustained repetitive firing in neurons?\nAnswer: The lack of effect of BRV on SRF in neurons suggests that the reported inhibition of BRV on VGSC currents does not contribute to its antiepileptic properties.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8532ce3a777d4a26b54b514a5e7b39d5", "input": "Question: Does ascorbic Acid ameliorate nicotine exposure induced impaired spatial memory performances in rats?\nAnswer: Ascorbic acid supplementation was found to be effective in preventing the prenatal nicotine exposure induced cognitive deficits in rat offspring to some extent.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b61118d3b8bc435ea38a22071802b37f", "input": "Question: Are glutathione s-transferase m1 and t1 gene polymorphisms associated with increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus development?\nAnswer: This study shows no association between GST gene polymorphisms and GDM.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e40d72f62382410e83981114b4dccff0", "input": "Question: Does heterologous expression of mutated HLA-G1 reduce alloreactivity of human dermal fibroblasts?\nAnswer: We are the first to successfully create a human fibroblast source with reduced alloreactivity using a novel mHLA-G1 construct. This approach may be extended to other cell types including human embryonic stem cells for use in allogeneic transplantation for cell-based regenerative medicine applications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5c8ae9ddc092474d93fc18e647d1bfcc", "input": "Question: Does a cluster-randomized trial show telephone peer coaching for parents reduces children 's asthma morbidity?\nAnswer: This pragmatic telephone-based peer-training intervention reduced asthma impairment. Asthma risk was reduced in children with Medicaid insurance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bde0ee4a80f14b3b9b7a7aba8f658d70", "input": "Question: Is lipoprotein internalisation induced by oncogenic AMPK activation essential to maintain glioblastoma cell growth?\nAnswer: Our findings demonstrate that AMPK plays a crucial role in glioblastoma cell growth and suggest that blocking lipoprotein receptors could potentially be used as a plausible therapeutic approach for these and other type of tumours with high levels of AMPK.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d34ce4ef1b4c4ed0826c72f0044f3e14", "input": "Question: Are tools for assessing the content of guidelines needed to enable their effective use -- a systematic comparison?\nAnswer: None of the tools analyzed enables the structured and comprehensive assessment of the content of guideline recommendations with special regard to their reliability and validity. All tools contribute towards the judicious use of evidence syntheses by supporting their systematic development or assessment. However, further progress is needed, particularly with regard to the assessment of content quality. This includes comprehensive operationalization and documentation of the assessment process to ensure reliability and validity, and therefore to enable the effective use of trustworthy guidelines in the health care system.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-65da5a64efff4dbab37caa901f551f5b", "input": "Question: Is high blood eosinophil count a risk factor for future asthma exacerbations in adult persistent asthma?\nAnswer: A high blood eosinophil count is a risk factor for increased future asthma exacerbations and excessive short-acting \u03b22-agonist use after adjustment of potential confounders in adults with persistent asthma, which suggests a higher disease burden in patients with asthma and with high blood eosinophil counts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7927948c4a0c4bf3b70c3f6fd47ea2f6", "input": "Question: Do phosphorus application and elevated CO2 enhance drought tolerance in field pea grown in a phosphorus-deficient vertisol?\nAnswer: Phosphorus application and eCO2 interactively enhanced periodic drought tolerance in field pea as a result of decreased stomatal conductance, deeper rooting and high Pi availability for carbon assimilation in leaves.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1248336ea1304995b8a903a70486aa58", "input": "Question: Do parental characteristics have a larger effect on children 's health behaviour than their body weight?\nAnswer: These results suggest that parental behaviour and role modeling provide an important contribution to childrens' health behaviour, especially at younger ages.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b11113466f9b47ddb3d7ecfd3b65a843", "input": "Question: Do elevated levels of preoperative circulating CD44\u207a lymphocytes and neutrophils predict poor survival for non-small cell lung cancer patients?\nAnswer: CD44(+) lymphocytes along with neutrophils could serve as an independent prognostic marker for NSCLC patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b8716acd9474b1f8b37a66bbda3c8eb", "input": "Question: Does cardiac-specific ablation of synapse-associated protein SAP97 in mice decrease potassium currents but not sodium current?\nAnswer: These data suggest that ablation of SAP97 in the mouse heart mainly alters potassium channel function. Based on the important role of SAP97 in regulating the QT interval, DLG1 may be a susceptibility gene to be investigated in patients with congenital long QT syndrome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-75bfbdf726ce4a039d8e65732d4d03c0", "input": "Question: Does imaging DNA damage allow detection of preneoplasia in the BALB-neuT model of breast cancer?\nAnswer: DDR imaging using (111)In-anti-\u03b3H2AX-TAT identified mammary tumors significantly earlier than MR imaging. Imaging the DDR holds promise for the detection of preneoplasia and as a technique for screening cancer-prone individuals.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c176e0cf159245f8a986af5a147a393b", "input": "Question: Does glioma-derived versican promote tumor expansion via glioma-associated microglial/macrophages Toll-like receptor 2 signaling?\nAnswer: Our results show that versican released from glioma promotes tumor expansion through glioma-associated microglial/macrophage TLR2 signaling and subsequent expression of MT1-MMP. This signaling cascade might be a novel target for glioma therapies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dddbb261eb664cb687ed762b4fd49ce2", "input": "Question: Is care of patients undergoing vascular surgery at safety net public hospitals associated with higher cost but similar mortality to nonsafety net hospitals?\nAnswer: Patients undergoing vascular surgery at SNPHs, despite being younger, had higher comorbidities, presented more urgently with more advanced disease, and incurred higher costs than the SNPH cohort despite similar adjusted odds of in-hospital mortality. Delayed presentation and higher comorbidities are most likely related to poor access to routine and preventive health care for the SNPH patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09529968bc81405c83bf073399655830", "input": "Question: Does older age limit postbariatric surgery cognitive benefits : a preliminary investigation?\nAnswer: The present study provides preliminary evidence suggesting that older age does not preclude postbariatric surgery cognitive benefits. Prospective studies in more age diverse samples (i.e., up to 70 yr) are needed to determine whether bariatric surgery can reduce risk of age-related neurologic conditions like Alzheimer's disease and stroke.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e78631562eb8458fbef7ad403e18eaa9", "input": "Question: Is self-reported sleep disturbance associated with Alzheimer 's disease risk in men?\nAnswer: Improving sleep quality may help reduce the neurodegenerative risk in older men.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ecacf043bf3d47c3a1488e03b7c91d4e", "input": "Question: Does a group of segmental premotor interneurons regulate the speed of axial locomotion in Drosophila larvae?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that PMSIs control the speed of axial locomotion by limiting, via inhibition, the duration of motor outputs in each segment. Similar mechanisms are found in the regulation of mammalian limb locomotion, suggesting that common strategies may be used to control the speed of animal movements in a diversity of species.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-474016cc58a74b90925c5834f7f056f2", "input": "Question: Do plasma membrane-targeted PIN proteins drive shoot development in a moss?\nAnswer: Our results show that PIN-mediated auxin transport is an ancient, conserved regulator of shoot development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-65ee901b925e4174b42ec259dc1088bd", "input": "Question: Do axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease patient-derived motor neurons demonstrate disease-specific phenotypes including abnormal electrophysiological properties?\nAnswer: Human iPSC-derived motor neurons from axonal CMT patients replicated key pathophysiological features observed in other models of MFN2 and NEFL mutations, including abnormal cytoskeletal and mitochondrial dynamics. Electrophysiological abnormalities found in axonal CMT iPSC-derived human motor neurons suggest that these cells are hyperexcitable and have altered sodium and calcium channel kinetics. These findings may provide a new therapeutic target for this group of heterogeneous inherited neuropathies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d36c0406352f4d20975d3f4f47915bb5", "input": "Question: Does gastroprotective effect of the iridoid fraction from Barleria prionitis leave on experimentally-induced gastric ulceration?\nAnswer: The data shows that the iridoid fraction from BPE possesses anti-ulcerogenic and antioxidant potential.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-627bdfe9a15f4629bfbe8c725ce3bc93", "input": "Question: Does tetramethylpyrazine protect lymphocytes from radiation-induced apoptosis through nuclear factor-\u03baB?\nAnswer: The results suggest that TMP had a radioprotective effect through the NF-\u03baB pathway to inhibit apoptosis, and it may be an effective candidate for treating radiation diseases associated with cell apoptosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4961409fcb74195841fe0033083ff8f", "input": "Question: Is persistent insomnia associated with mortality risk?\nAnswer: In a population-based cohort, persistent, and not intermittent, insomnia was associated with increased risk for all-cause and cardiopulmonary mortality and was associated with a steeper increase in inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f51c48450d9248349f6358adf6ad2e8b", "input": "Question: Does vitamin E attenuate neurotoxicity induced by deltamethrin in rats?\nAnswer: From this study we concluded that VE supplementation has beneficial impacts on DM neurotoxicity in rats through its antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c41e3eefadf6407b957c7cd49629244a", "input": "Question: Does glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor promote \u03b2-catenin phosphorylation and nuclear translocation in glioma cells?\nAnswer: The results of our study demonstrate that GDNF increases the intracellular phosphorylation level of \u03b2-catenin through N-cadherin/Src signaling, which subsequently stimulates the nuclear translocation of \u03b2-catenin. This study provides a theoretical basis for us to reveal the role of biological mechanisms on glioma cell by GDNF.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0a4f5b0cdd684d3c9ab675c30fcacc34", "input": "Question: Does statin treatment affect cytokine release and phagocytic activity in primary cultured microglia through two separable mechanisms?\nAnswer: The disparity in cholesterol dependence of cytokine release and phagocytosis suggests the two effects occur through distinct molecular mechanisms. These two pathways may provide an opportunity for further refinement of pharmacotherapies for neuroinflammatory, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0f57e62a6fa4db8a6eb9572bfb41bfe", "input": "Question: Are the Expression of RAC1 and Mineralocorticoid Pathway-Dependent Genes Associated With Different Responses to Salt Intake?\nAnswer: RAC1 expression was associated with an increase in MR, NGAL, NF-\u03baB, and HO-1 expression, suggesting that RAC1 could be a mediator of cardiovascular damage induced by sodium, and may also useful to identify subjects with different responses to salt intake.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-42ce3801d1784cd0b555b700fb5691c3", "input": "Question: Are statin medications associated with a lower probability of having an abnormal screening prostate-specific antigen result?\nAnswer: Statin use is associated with a reduction in the probability that an older man will have an abnormal screening PSA result, regardless of the PSA threshold. This reduction is more pronounced with higher statin dose, longer statin duration, and higher statin potency.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-557b0481be074b9286a57aa4ece9f704", "input": "Question: Does systemic delivery of human bone marrow embryonic-like stem cells improve motor function of severely affected dystrophin/utrophin-deficient mice?\nAnswer: ELSCs could be more efficiently induced to differentiate into myotubes than were MSCs in vitro, and systematically transplanting ELSCs improved muscle motor function and muscle histology in dko mice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-631888f256d94f5aa9e4da5c64c0278f", "input": "Question: Is uRG4 overexpression correlated with cervical cancer progression and poor prognosis in patients with early-stage cervical cancer?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrated that elevated URG4 protein expression is associated with a poor outcome in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. URG4 may be a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for the treatment of cervical cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f9c492fa9ea948ac9fb92b6f8c0da630", "input": "Question: Is fragmented QRS associated with frequency of premature ventricular contractions in patients without overt cardiac disease?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated that the presence of fQRS is associated with frequent PVCs in patients without overt structural heart disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-53e91b24696648a0906adadf4ebe5393", "input": "Question: Does adjustment of sensitisation and challenge protocols restore functional and inflammatory responses to ovalbumin in guinea-pigs?\nAnswer: This study has shown that declining allergic responses to Ova in guinea-pigs could be restored by increasing the sensitisation and challenge conditions. It has also demonstrated an important dissociation between EAR, LAR, AHR and inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e7e11390b8a14f8988e438fc6a82429d", "input": "Question: Is expression of growth arrest and DNA damage inducible 45a in human oral squamous cell carcinoma associated with tumor progression and clinical outcome?\nAnswer: The results showed that Gadd45a was redistributed to cytoplasm in poorly differentiated carcinoma from its nucleus location in normal tissue (P < 0.05). The expression of Gadd45a was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, tumor stage and tumor histological grade (P < 0.05). Knockdown of Gadd45a gene abolished the G2/M arrest and increased migrating ability of Tca8113 cell (P < 0.05). The results indicate that Gadd45a play an important role in OSCC metastasis by affecting the bioactivity of the tumor cells, and its distribution may serve for the prediction of clinical outcome of OSCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c8047622ba744b2986809d4dc447861", "input": "Question: Does alteration of inflammatory response by shock wave therapy lead to reduced calcification of decellularized aortic xenografts in mice\u2020?\nAnswer: SWs reduce the calcification of subcutaneously implanted decellularized xenografts via the modulation of the acute macrophage-mediated inflammatory response and improves the in vitro repopulation of decellularized grafts. It may therefore serve as a feasible adjunct to heart valve tissue engineering.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eecb678d2b4b48f285bb7e1f7ea56803", "input": "Question: Does multicenter immunohistochemical ALK-testing of non-small-cell lung cancer show high concordance after harmonization of techniques and interpretation criteria?\nAnswer: This so-called \"ALK-Harmonization-Study\" shows for the first time that predictive semiquantitative IHC reveals reliable and reproducible results across several labs when methodology and interpretation are strictly defined and the pathologists are uniquely trained. The application of validated ALK IHC assays and its comparison to ALK-FISH is highly needed in future clinical trials. This might answer the question if ALK-IHC cannot only serve as a prescreening tool, but as a stand-alone test at least in cases displaying an unequivocally staining pattern as well as an alternative predictive test in samples with reduced FISH interpretability.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-551ed2ed98204a9883fd462eee0f0eb3", "input": "Question: Does the novel surfactant protein SP-H enhance the phagocytosis efficiency of macrophage-like cell lines U937 and MH-S?\nAnswer: It can be assumed that SP-H is involved in regulating phagocytic activity of macrophages. SP-H is a new player in pulmonary host defence.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-187062156aba4e80aadef0d3c0708aa4", "input": "Question: Does the rtPA increase MMP-9 activity in serum during ischaemic stroke?\nAnswer: Thrombolysis applied for IS treatment increases MMP-9 activity in serum, however, rtPA does not facilitate the conversion of pro-MMP-9 into the active form. Our results also suggest the involvement of MMP-3 to the biochemical processes occurring during acute phase of IS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d7f3882c9214296a578499c47e8a259", "input": "Question: Does tRAIL receptor deletion in mice suppress the inflammation of nutrient excess?\nAnswer: These data advance the concept that macrophage-associated hepatic and adipose tissue inflammation of nutrient excess requires TR signaling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-450411ee8c9d4701ac7eba0279843130", "input": "Question: Are hospitalisation costs for infant bronchiolitis up to 20 times higher if intensive care is needed?\nAnswer: The hospitalisation costs of infants treated in the PICU for bronchiolitis at <12 months of age were approximately four times more than for other inpatients and over 20 times more than for outpatients. Strategies are needed to reduce the need for intensive care.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-26286c7423c64a438fabdbb8579e7ede", "input": "Question: Is hospital readmission associated with poor survival after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer?\nAnswer: Hospital readmissions after esophagectomy for cancer occur frequently and are associated with worse survival. Improved identification of patients at risk for readmission after esophagectomy can inform patient selection, discharge planning, and outpatient monitoring. Optimization of such practices may lead to improved outcomes at reduced cost.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-05eaddc2c3194407a83f2febd207e767", "input": "Question: Does polyphenol-enriched diet prevent coronary endothelial dysfunction by activating the Akt/eNOS pathway?\nAnswer: Pomanox supplementation hinders hyperlipemia-induced coronary endothelial dysfunction by activating the Akt/endothelial nitric oxide-synthase pathway and favorably counteracting vascular inflammation and oxidative damage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8846c3ea508f42a38b988811f7ce4376", "input": "Question: Is malnutrition a prognostic factor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC )?\nAnswer: A significant proportion of patients with HCC is malnourished or at risk for malnutrition. Screening questionnaires and BIA measurement are superior to pure anthropometric measurements to identify the condition that negatively influences survival. The phase angle derived from body impedance analysis is an independent prognostic factor in patients with HCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cf078f4b0fa34f5abd99ac84660011ee", "input": "Question: Is histiocytoid Sweet syndrome infiltrated predominantly by M2-like macrophages?\nAnswer: The study includes a limited case series. The pathogenesis of the disease remains to be clarified.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-89b721baa79e4673942e9b1be50a6eb2", "input": "Question: Is sinR a mutational target for fine-tuning biofilm formation in laboratory-evolved strains of Bacillus subtilis?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that standard laboratory culturing conditions do not rapidly select against biofilm formation. Although biofilm matrix production is often reduced in domesticated bacterial strains, we found that matrix production may still have a fitness benefit in the laboratory. We suggest that adaptive specialization of biofilm-forming species can occur through mutations that modulate biofilm formation as in B. subtilis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-81f257cc42654469beef4428a5528e4a", "input": "Question: Does ancient DNA provide new insight into the maternal lineages and domestication of Chinese donkeys?\nAnswer: This study is the first to provide valuable ancient animal DNA evidence for early trade between African and Asian populations. The ancient DNA analysis of Chinese donkeys also sheds light on the dynamic process of the maternal origin, domestication, and dispersal route of ancient Chinese donkeys.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1af81b98f33647acbb702b199c367303", "input": "Question: Do a critical analysis of secondary overtriage to a Level I trauma center?\nAnswer: A significant number of patients transferred to our trauma center were discharged within 24 hours; most of them required observation and/or minor procedures. Appropriately increasing primary hospital resources, in addition to interhospital outreach in the form of education or telemedicine, should be considered to decrease the number of avoidable transfers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8aa4422234f4330bd77f290ddf51884", "input": "Question: Is fibromyalgia associated with coronary heart disease : a population-based cohort study?\nAnswer: An association between fibromyalgia and CHD appears to exist.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6e588cf5eb154f119d603eaa959f1b68", "input": "Question: Do serum miRNA biomarkers serve as a fingerprint for proliferative diabetic retinopathy?\nAnswer: These data provide evidence that serum miRNAs have the potential to be sensitive, cost-effective biomarkers for the early detection of PDR. These biomarkers could serve as a dynamic monitoring factor for detecting the progression of PDR from NPDR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d4981b8947a47f6aa7ec3186bf50f30", "input": "Question: Does the usage of overtube have a favorable effect on endoscopic submucosal dissection?\nAnswer: We conclude that using an overtube during an upper gastrointestinal ESD decreases the need for suction, favors the speed of dissection, and eases the comfort of the procedure.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-87e8c73c61724983a646c420d00d2133", "input": "Question: Do dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate predict the 5-year risk of coronary heart disease events in elderly men?\nAnswer: Low serum levels of DHEA and its sulfate predict an increased risk of CHD, but not CBD, events in\u00a0elderly men.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e3cbd410bb548eb9ea1a35ec417977d", "input": "Question: Does aeromonas piscicola AH-3 express an extracellular collagenase with cytotoxic properties?\nAnswer: Collagenases play a central role in processes where collagen digestion is needed, for example host invasion by pathogenic micro-organisms. We identified a new collagenase from Aeromonas using an integrated in silico/in vitro strategy. This enzyme is able to bind and cleave collagen, contributes for AH-3 cytotoxicity and shares low similarity with known bacterial collagenases. This is the first report of an enzyme belonging to the gluzincin subfamily of the M9 family of peptidases in Aeromonas. This study increases the current knowledge on collagenolytic enzymes bringing new perspectives for biotechnology/medical purposes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e2247df6935142f0bab1757f43e37d3e", "input": "Question: Does preoperative anemia increase postoperative morbidity in elective cranial neurosurgery?\nAnswer: Preoperative anemia in elective cranial neurosurgery was independently associated with an increased risk of 30-day postoperative mortality and morbidity when compared to non-anemic patients. A hematocrit level below 33% (Hgb 11 g/dl) was associated with a significant increase in postoperative morbidity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4ad6eecfe88466c9fc7c3ecbd98f17f", "input": "Question: Does endothelin-Bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor interaction induce pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell hyperplasia in pulmonary arterial hypertension?\nAnswer: Endothelin-1 downregulates canonical BMPR2 signaling. This is related to decreased BMPR2 and increased anti-BMP gremlin expression associated with increased activation of p38(MAPK) and results in PA-SMC proliferation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fed9eac6e999440499bf17488dda17b8", "input": "Question: Do long-term results from the Contura multilumen balloon breast brachytherapy catheter phase 4 registry trial?\nAnswer: Use of the CMLB for APBI delivery is associated with acceptable long-term local control and toxicity. Local recurrence-free survival was 97.8% at 3 years. Significant (grade 3) toxicity was uncommon, and no grade 4 toxicity was observed. Treatment at high-volume centers was associated with decreased late toxicity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c2e9b1e76dc24fdab32121c734e5aa18", "input": "Question: Does selenium status in pregnancy influence children 's cognitive function at 1.5 years of age?\nAnswer: Low prenatal selenium status seems to be disadvantageous for children's psychomotor and language development. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f74bbabdcf54bd481135f59afc0e2c9", "input": "Question: Does dexmedetomidine reduce atrial fibrillation after lung cancer surgery?\nAnswer: These results were similar to those published elsewhere on POAF incidence and risk factors. This study could not confirm the hypothesis that the intraoperative use of DEX is associated with a reduced rate of POAF after thoracic surgery for lung cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-753a66fc940743a498497c300980954c", "input": "Question: Does extracorporeal shockwave therapy improve short-term functional outcomes of shoulder adhesive capsulitis?\nAnswer: Our results showed that ESWT can be an alternative treatment, at least in the short-term, for primary adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. In addition, all of the side effects of ESWT were transient and tolerable.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6e1a36fa39e5455b9d98032282e650ed", "input": "Question: Do collateral flow and brain changes on computed tomography angiography predict infarct volume on early diffusion-weighted imaging?\nAnswer: Assessment of ASPECTS and collateral flow on CTA-SI may be able to exclude a patient with large infarct on early DWI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-42b2f3aab6de4b10b246c3fc45f4edc5", "input": "Question: Do angiogenic microvascular endothelial cells release microparticles rich in tissue factor that promotes postischemic collateral vessel formation?\nAnswer: These findings demonstrate that TF-rich mEMPs released by microvascular endothelial cells can overcome the consequences of arterial occlusion and tissue ischemia by promoting postischemic neovascularization and tissue reperfusion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e555355b42334a16a56c4043878c92b2", "input": "Question: Does adenovirus-mediated NDRG2 inhibit the proliferation of human renal cell carcinoma cell line OS-RC-2 in vitro?\nAnswer: NDRG2 can significantly inhibit the proliferation of OS-RC-2 cells in vitro and its protein is specifically expressed in the mitochondrion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c7e1389b6a78462b81fb4b388bc112ff", "input": "Question: Does introduction of an 8-aminooctanoic acid linker enhance uptake of 99mTc-labeled lactam bridge-cyclized \u03b1-MSH peptide in melanoma?\nAnswer: High melanoma uptake and fast urinary clearance of (99m)Tc(EDDA)-HYNIC-AocNle-CycMSHhex highlighted its potential for metastatic melanoma detection in the future.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ede6eb82a6474049a2922f0edb2fac9d", "input": "Question: Does bRCAness predict resistance to taxane-containing regimens in triple negative breast cancer during neoadjuvant chemotherapy?\nAnswer: Identifying BRCAness can help predict the response to taxane, and changing regimens for BRCAness TNBC might improve patient survival. A larger prospective study is needed to further clarify this issue.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e3d2746e35942afa6af52a6f7083365", "input": "Question: Does classical swine fever virus induce oxidative stress in swine umbilical vein endothelial cells?\nAnswer: Our results indicated that CSFV infection induced oxidative stress in SUVECs. These findings provide novel information on the mechanism by which CSFV can alter intracellular events associated with the viral infection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-99b8e6c510604c07bfbe48a66cf29dab", "input": "Question: Does e2F4 regulatory program predict patient survival prognosis in breast cancer?\nAnswer: We defined a prognostic signature, the E2F4 regulatory activity score, and showed it to be significantly predictive of patient outcome in breast cancer regardless of treatment status and the states of many other clinicopathological variables. It can be used in conjunction with other breast cancer classification methods such as Oncotype DX to improve clinical outcome prediction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ebef569a847c449a897aed29e1924ed7", "input": "Question: Do long-term efficacy of the Baerveldt 250 mm2 compared with the Baerveldt 350 mm2 implant?\nAnswer: With a mean follow-up of 40 and 31 months, no differences in surgical success, VA, IOP, number of medications at the last visit, and complication/failure rates were noted between the Baerveldt 250 mm2 and 350 mm2 GDIs, respectively. The size of the GDI may not be associated with surgical outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-826dfd6b759f49d4a61da60c0559dc27", "input": "Question: Is self-reported body fat change in HIV-infected men a marker of decline in physical health-related quality of life with aging , independent of co-morbidity?\nAnswer: Negative self-perceived body fat changes were associated with decline in physical health related quality of life, independent of comorbidities, and may be a marker of an increased risk for physical function decline with aging.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fbc459acd8ee43ccbd9bcf364497b41b", "input": "Question: Does transcranial magnetic stimulation reveal cortical hyperexcitability in episodic cluster headache?\nAnswer: We investigated cortical excitability in episodic cluster headache by using transcranial magnetic stimulation, providing evidence of cortical hyperexcitability in patients both inside and outside bout. We suggest that an abnormal state of cortical excitability could be involved in the pathophysiology of the disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fca0623aac0f4174b384ff8ff53cb1a7", "input": "Question: Is motor cortical activity during motor tasks normal in patients with complex regional pain syndrome?\nAnswer: This study shows that the nature of motor dysfunction in CRPS patients differs from that encountered in patients with functional paresis or under circumstances of limb immobilization. This information is important for patients and pain clinicians and could help prevent implementation of therapeutic strategies based on incorrect assumptions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a409aa5056c46e38be53639aefcd0cd", "input": "Question: Does peripheral group I metabotropic glutamate receptor activation lead to muscle mechanical hyperalgesia through TRPV1 phosphorylation in the rat?\nAnswer: This article demonstrates that activation of mGlu1/5 leads to phosphorylation of a specific TRPV1 residue via PKC and AKAP150 in trigeminal sensory neurons and that functional interactions between glutamate receptors and TRPV1 mediate mechanical hyperalgesia in the muscle tissue.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d62c3e613e584b45ba66296a6e0a43b3", "input": "Question: Does lipopolysaccharide preconditioning induce neuroprotection against early brain injury after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage?\nAnswer: LPS preconditioning could modulate MMP-9 and therefore induce neuroprotection against EBI after experimental SAH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3dcfa576dd649e187dda577af5a4894", "input": "Question: Is loss of N-cadherin associated with loss of E-cadherin expression and poor outcomes of liver resection in hepatocellular carcinoma?\nAnswer: Loss of N-cadherin was positively correlated with loss of E-cadherin in HCC. Concurrent loss of both N- and E-cadherin expressions was associated with poor surgical outcomes of HCC patients undergoing liver resection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8aecbc3fce6a4e668834e0187eb74379", "input": "Question: Does the dual mTORC1 and mTORC2 inhibitor PP242 show strong antitumor activity in a pheochromocytoma PC12 cell tumor model?\nAnswer: Our study showed that PP242 showed strong antitumor activity in a pheochromocytoma PC12 cell tumor model. Based on our study, dual mTORC1/2 kinase inhibitors warrant further investigation as a potential treatment for malignant pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-976aaa6ded6a416faabe096e583d7cf3", "input": "Question: Does s100A3 suppression inhibit in vitro and in vivo tumor growth and invasion of human castration-resistant prostate cancer cells?\nAnswer: Human CRPC cells showed upregulation of S100A3 expression, and S100A3 inhibition reduced tumor cell viability. S100A3 inhibition reduced invasion capability with downregulation of MMP expression. More importantly, S100A3 inhibition resulted in tumor growth suppression in human CRPC xenograft models, suggesting S100A3 could serve as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of human CRPC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3cec4785a99b4021b858021d2cde9c3b", "input": "Question: Does a common polymorphism within MSLN affect miR-611 binding site and soluble mesothelin levels in healthy people?\nAnswer: SMRP performance as diagnostic biomarker improved by considering the genotype rs1057147. This polymorphism most likely affects a binding site for miR-611.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac1b4400980042259fdb61bd091585ef", "input": "Question: Is [ Ischemia an independent predictive factor of chronic renal failure after partial nephrectomy in a solitary kidney in patients without pre-operative renal insufficiency ]?\nAnswer: Renal function following PN in a solitary kidney seems to depend on non-reversible factors such as pre-operative glomerular filtration rate. Our findings minimize the role of vascular clamping and ischemia time, which were not significantly associated with chronic renal failure risk in our study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-12c34d50aaf74342849d3a8801e4176c", "input": "Question: Does regional anesthesia improve outcome in patients undergoing proximal humerus fracture repair?\nAnswer: Patients who received regional anesthetic via a brachial plexus interscalene blocks had better functional outcomes and range of motion at the most recent clinical follow-up. Regional anesthesia provides patients with prolonged postoperative pain relief, which may allow for early mobilization, increasing the likelihood that the patient's function and range of motion will return to baseline.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-81918b29078f4fb0bf955e4591b2acf0", "input": "Question: Are in patients with rheumatoid arthritis , Dickkopf-1 serum levels correlated with parathyroid hormone , bone erosions and bone mineral density?\nAnswer: In patients with RA, serum levels of DKK1 are significantly increased, correlate with PTH and are associated with increased risk of bone erosions and osteoporosis. However, this finding deserves confirmation in a larger and more selected population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-11057e4b1fb047d4ab2fedfcc677dec9", "input": "Question: Does multimodal protocol reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing Le Fort I osteotomy?\nAnswer: This multimodal protocol was associated with substantially decreased prevalence of PONV in patients undergoing Le Fort I osteotomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-02c995e01366470dbb989b049ceb2789", "input": "Question: Is a high body mass index in esophageal cancer patients associated with adverse outcomes following esophagectomy?\nAnswer: A high BMI is not associated with increased overall morbidity following esophagectomy; moreover, it is associated with decreased incidence of chylothorax. The better overall survival in patients with high BMI compared with those with low BMI might be due to a relatively low pathological stage. A high BMI should therefore not be a relative contraindication for esophagectomy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea8d3dc3f76a42f5a83aceeb924e1e2a", "input": "Question: Are fascial closure after open abdomen : initial indication and early revisions decisive factors -- a retrospective cohort study?\nAnswer: The probability to reach fascial closure after open abdomen seems to increase when open abdomen is performed initially and when early second and third look operations are performed. The presence of pancreatitis seems to be the only negative prognostic marker concerning fascial closure.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e903c2aa5f114171b52a1e4e07249b90", "input": "Question: Does mR imaging relaxometry allow noninvasive characterization of in vivo differentiation of muscle precursor cells?\nAnswer: MR imaging relaxation and diffusion measurements can be used as potential biomarkers for noninvasive in vivo monitoring of the myogenic differentiation process from muscle precursor cells to mature skeletal muscle tissue in muscle cell therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b131a337e7d54a01ad31fac6b5275e3a", "input": "Question: Is higher fasting glucose next day after intravenous thrombolysis independently associated with poor outcome in acute ischemic stroke?\nAnswer: FG is a powerful predictor associated with the outcome in IVT-treated AIS patients independent of AG and HbA1c.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-689d2b6b06ef49d89deec2d3158a5493", "input": "Question: Is a newly developed mouse monoclonal SOX10 antibody a highly sensitive and specific marker for malignant melanoma , including spindle cell and desmoplastic melanomas?\nAnswer: The newly developed mouse monoclonal SOX10 antibody BC34 is highly sensitive and specific for malignant melanoma, including desmoplastic and spindle cell variants, and appears highly suitable for clinical use.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-84bacc0a824c4fd3b31a635422b39724", "input": "Question: Is abdominal aortic diameter increased in males with a family history of abdominal aortic aneurysms : results from the Danish VIVA-trial?\nAnswer: First-degree male relatives of AAA patients have wider aortas and a twofold higher prevalence of AAA compared with the age adjusted background population. The prevalence of AAA was markedly higher in participants related to female, rather than male, patients with AAA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5466188e7cbb48718afc2310be799580", "input": "Question: Does dual-specificity phosphatase 6 predict the sensitivity of progestin therapy for atypical endometrial hyperplasia?\nAnswer: Dusp6 could be a predicting marker for deciding the effectiveness of progestin therapy in AEH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5946e4084edc4ec6a0c16086d3a711b6", "input": "Question: Does endoscopic transphenoidal surgery for acromegaly improve quality of life?\nAnswer: Transsphenoidal surgery improves QOL in acromegaly. Attempts to achieve a cure, avoidance of surgically induced pan-hypotpituitarism and adjuvant therapy, will improve quality of life. Our study demonstrates the important role of the patient-physician relationship to QOL and the need to measure QOL in addition to the traditional measures of outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7c2cd55945e4495cbee27fb549570dc7", "input": "Question: Is smoking history , and not depression , related to deficits in detection of happy and sad faces?\nAnswer: The results of this study provide preliminary evidence for distinctive cognitive decrements in smokers and individuals with depression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-950c6a36762c4ed98ff9ed683ec0ba2c", "input": "Question: Are fatty acid-amino acid conjugates essential for systemic activation of salicylic acid-induced protein kinase and accumulation of jasmonic acid in Nicotiana attenuata?\nAnswer: Our results reveal that N. attenuata specifically recognizes herbivore-derived FACs in damaged leaves and rapidly send out a long-distance signal to phylotactically connected leaves to activate MAPK and JA signaling, and we propose that FACs that penetrated into wounds rapidly induce the production of another long-distance signal(s) which travels to all systemic leaves and activates TPI defense.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-27ff348dfd1e4c60afa007d342b434a5", "input": "Question: Does deficiency in Nrf2 transcription factor decrease adipose tissue mass and hepatic lipid accumulation in leptin-deficient mice?\nAnswer: Nrf2 deficiency in Lep(ob/ob) mice reduced white adipose tissue mass and prevented hepatic lipid accumulation but induced insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. This study indicates a dual role of Nrf2 during metabolic dysregulation-increasing lipid accumulation in liver and white adipose tissue but preventing lipid accumulation in obese mice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0874ed02375241c98e679f7c99f49db6", "input": "Question: Do bone Marrow Stromal Cells Inhibit the Activation of Liver Cirrhotic Fat-Storing Cells via Adrenomedullin Secretion?\nAnswer: Our data suggested that BMSCs inhibited CFSC activation in vitro via the AM-Ang II-p47-phox signaling pathway, and since CFSC activation is an essential part of hepatic fibrosis process, this inhibition by BMSCs implies us new insights into the potential treatment of hepatic fibrosis via BMSCs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b58efe20c174ff695a9fd841137bff9", "input": "Question: Does obesity increase risk of anticoagulation reversal failure with prothrombin complex concentrate in those with intracranial hemorrhage?\nAnswer: Obesity and elevated initial INR are independently associated with anticoagulation reversal failure using the weight-based PCC protocol in patients with warfarin-related acute ICH. Further studies are needed to determine more effective dosing protocols and individualized strategies for anticoagulation reversal after acute ICH, especially among obese patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-85eb9a0a967749dea7525ebe9ac9b592", "input": "Question: Does rNA-seq analysis of the rat placentation site reveal maternal obesity-associated changes in placental and offspring thyroid hormone signaling?\nAnswer: Gene expression analysis of placenta and offspring revealed that each utero-placental compartment responds distinctly to maternal OB with changes in inflammatory signaling, lipid metabolism and hormone stimulus being the predominant effects. OB-induced alterations in 17 genes were confirmed by qPCR, including reductions in thyrotropin-releasing hormone (Trh) in JZ. We further characterized mRNA and protein expression of TH signaling regulators including deiodinases (Dio), TH receptors (Tr), and downstream targets (uncoupling proteins (Ucp)). A concerted down-regulation of multiple facets of thyroid hormone signaling in the JZ and FL was observed. JZ expression of thyroid hormone signaling components Trh, Dio2, Tr\u03b1, and Ucp2 were negatively associated with maternal leptin. mRNA expression of TRH, TR\u03b2 and UCP1 were also decreased in term placenta from OB women. Finally, our studies identified persistent impairments in expression of TH related genes in tissues from offspring of obese dams.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e75c44283b5c42428529d58bbfb11b8c", "input": "Question: Is serum free 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D more closely associated with fibroblast growth factor 23 than other vitamin D forms in chronic dialysis patients?\nAnswer: The relationship between FGF-23 and vitamin D is stronger using free forms of 25-OH-D and 1,25-(OH)2-D. Subsequent studies aiming at MBD should consider including free 25-OH-D and 1,25-(OH)2-D in the analysis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cbc0ffbb60e94d5fa31180e49800e520", "input": "Question: Is synovial T cell hyporesponsiveness to myeloid dendritic cells reversed by preventing PD-1/PD-L1 interactions?\nAnswer: SF T cell hyporesponsiveness upon (TSLP-primed) mDC stimulation in RA joints is partially dependent on PD-1/PD-L1 interactions, as PD-1 and PD-L1 are both highly expressed on SF T cells and mDCs, respectively, and inhibiting PD-1 availability restores T cell proliferation. The potential of IL-7 to robustly reverse this hyporesponsiveness suggests that such proinflammatory cytokines in RA joints strongly contribute to memory T cell activation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab29cd7c634a44ed95bc0c83a552de72", "input": "Question: Does microRNA-29b regulate migration in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical significance?\nAnswer: MiR-29b acts as an oncomir, promoting cell migration through CX3CL1 suppression, and could be a potential therapeutic target for preventing OSCC progression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-38a2bfa018df485495e4ab9112d9e4df", "input": "Question: Are pre-transplant impedance measures of reflux associated with early allograft injury after lung transplantation?\nAnswer: Prolonged bolus clearance, increased total distal reflux episodes, and increased total proximal reflux episodes on pre-transplant MII-pH were associated with decreased time to early allograft injury after lung transplantation. Routine pre-transplant MII-pH may provide clinically relevant data regarding transplant outcomes and peri-transplant care.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c7d7d596824340869764cb1f521fde16", "input": "Question: Is lymphocyte inhibition compromised in mesenchymal stem cells from psoriatic skin?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated abnormalities in MSCs derived from psoriatic skin lesions. We suggest that the attenuated inhibitory effect on T-cell proliferation might be one of the pathogenic mechanisms of psoriasis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae1fe36896fe4de08ca5b79a481966ac", "input": "Question: Does learning trajectories of children with special health care need across the severity spectrum?\nAnswer: Even children with less complex SCHN are at risk for academic failure. Early identification, together with integrated health and educational support, may promote stronger pathways of educational attainment for these children. Achieving these better outcomes will require the involvement of both educational and health practitioners.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d480f71268d04fc0b7601b6c42725827", "input": "Question: Does deep Sequencing the microRNA profile in rhabdomyosarcoma reveal down-regulation of miR-378 family members?\nAnswer: MiR-378a-3p may function as a tumour suppressor in RMS and the restoration of its expression would be of therapeutic benefit in RMS. Furthermore, the role of epigenetic modifications in RMS deserves further investigations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d80ba43dd73843cebe5c3531f1d884a6", "input": "Question: Does health indicators associated with fall among middle-aged and older women enrolled in an evidence-based program?\nAnswer: Findings have implications for identifying at-risk older women upon enrollment, expanding the reach of AMOB/VLL, and leveraging AMOB/VLL to refer participants to other evidence-based exercise, disease management, and mental health interventions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-32e75fcd76384a3a979de575e5ecd6f6", "input": "Question: Do women know best -- findings from a thematic analysis of 5,214 surveys of abortion care experience?\nAnswer: This analysis highlights specific areas of abortion care that influence patients' experience. The few women who were disappointed by care in the clinic tended to fault readily modifiable clinical factors, and provided suggested areas of improvement to enhance positive experiences related to their abortion care.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-12d1dc986e654a61bd9763cdc791b393", "input": "Question: Does unit support protect against sexual harassment and assault among national guard soldiers?\nAnswer: A substantial proportion of men and women reported sexual harassment/assault. Greater unit support was associated with diminished odds of sexual harassment/assault during deployment. Programming designed to improve unit cohesion has the potential to reduce sexual harassment and assault.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-92e1fb8c75034014b1ba6334d752a95d", "input": "Question: Does the T-box transcription factor Brachyury promote renal interstitial fibrosis by repressing E-cadherin expression?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate for the first time that Brachyury plays an important role in regulating TGF-\u03b21-mediated renal EMT and could be an attractive target for progression of renal disease therapies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f03dc9d2f4647feb6dbaab88c1b36c8", "input": "Question: Does pneumonia Pathogen Characterization be an Independent Determinant of Hospital Readmission?\nAnswer: Readmission after hospitalization for pneumonia is relatively common and is related to pneumonia pathogen characterization. Pneumonia attributed to potentially antibiotic-resistant bacteria is associated with an increased risk for 90-day readmission, whereas culture-negative pneumonia is associated with lower risk for 90-day readmission.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2c8e4b09cd544be1a4b62b0667e5e5ae", "input": "Question: Does anemia on admission predict short- and long-term outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke?\nAnswer: Anemia is common among AIS patients and is associated with cardiovascular comorbidities. Low hemoglobin status independently predicts short and long-term mortality.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-888411432b2843188fce15509c509dac", "input": "Question: Does obstructive sleep apnea syndrome increase pedestrian injury risk in children?\nAnswer: Results suggest OSAS may have significant consequences on children's daytime functioning in a critical domain of personal safety, pedestrian skills. Children with OSAS appeared to have greater impulsivity when crossing streets. Results highlight the need for heightened awareness of the consequences of untreated sleep disorders and identify a possible target for pediatric injury prevention.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f63817fdb7be4776a16104a59b713817", "input": "Question: Is implementation of continuous capnography associated with a decreased utilization of blood gases?\nAnswer: Continuous capnography resulted in a significant savings over a 6-month period by decreasing the utilization of blood gas measurements.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5abf5f6113194db7af21c99a5c6a1060", "input": "Question: Does blood PGC-1\u03b1 Concentration predict Myocardial Salvage and Ventricular Remodeling After ST-segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction?\nAnswer: Baseline PGC-1\u03b1 expression and an attenuated systemic response after acute myocardial infarction are associated with greater myocardial salvage and predict less ventricular remodeling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f28b49ba37f43c9a21d85245c3b13f7", "input": "Question: Does endoscopic medial orbital fat decompression for proptosis in type 1 grave orbitopathy?\nAnswer: Endoscopic medial orbital fat decompression may be an effective technique for proptosis in selected patients with type 1 Graves orbitopathy and is associated with a low rate of surgically induced diplopia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f43ae0988d6428e9e9a0e0a17f6f176", "input": "Question: Does lidocaine potentiate the deleterious effects of triamcinolone acetonide on tenocytes?\nAnswer: Our data provide evidence of the detrimental effects of these drugs on tendon tissues. Injection of TA in combination with 1% lidocaine should be used with caution.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e383f1dfe99d44d580cc11695ef7e0ee", "input": "Question: Is pKC\u03b5 a negative regulator of PVAT-derived vessel formation?\nAnswer: PKC\u03b5 negatively interferes with vessel progenitor differentiation via interaction with PAK-1.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f31a5e83e3ae4201a0ad5b82bab43989", "input": "Question: Does topical bFGF improve Secondary Lymphedema through Lymphangiogenesis in a Rat Tail Model?\nAnswer: Topical bFGF induces lymphangiogenesis and improves lymphedema in the rat tail model.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f4391b3549cc4f058130f3183624fc9f", "input": "Question: Is elevated serum creatine phosphokinase associated with mortality and inotropic requirement in critically injured adults?\nAnswer: In critically injured patients, elevated serum CPK level is independently associated with mortality, need for inotropic medication, and duration of inotropic support. This study is the first to evaluate the relationship of CPK level and mortality in addition to surrogate measures of shock in a population of critically injured patients. If these associations are verified prospectively, there may be a role for treatment with hemeprotein reductants, such as paracetamol, to mitigate the effects of shock and end-organ dysfunction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-96a9e7e8f2b34774bad789f227029ce7", "input": "Question: Does thalidomide control adipose tissue inflammation associated with high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that drugs that can modulate the inflammatory status as well as control adipose tissue expansion could represent an interesting approach in the management of obesity, highlighting the need for further development of such compounds.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-28c47d51119c4e9f8110478c70f495c1", "input": "Question: Does mild-to-moderate intensity exercise improve cardiac autonomic drive in type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: These data suggest that three times per week moderate intensity aerobic exercise for 6\u00a0months improves cardiac rhythm regulation as measured by heart rate variability in type 2 diabetic patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe58e2c495f8470da4351d234563ef5b", "input": "Question: Is severity of hearing impairment positively associated with urine albumin excretion rate in patients with type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: The present study showed increased albuminuria was positively associated with the severity of hearing impairment among patients with type 2 diabetes. Screening for hearing impairment in diabetic patients who develop albuminuria might provide early detection of hearing impairment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-02c19f4c1f7748d5a82cca53be39eeef", "input": "Question: Are in Rasmussen encephalitis , hemichannels associated with microglial activation linked to cortical pyramidal neuron coupling : a possible mechanism for cellular hyperexcitability?\nAnswer: In RE, these results support the notion that a possible mechanism for cellular hyperexcitability may be related to increased intercellular coupling from pannexin linked to increased microglial activation. Such findings suggest that a possible antiseizure treatment for RE may involve the use of gap junction blockers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4001991ef1c8456aab8bf819a8494664", "input": "Question: Do genome-wide ancestry patterns in Rapanui suggest pre-European admixture with Native Americans?\nAnswer: These genetic results can be explained by one or more pre-European trans-Pacific contacts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-33dd7810e8634026829a48aa09aa481d", "input": "Question: Are serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels correlated with the complexity and the severity of atherosclerosis in acute coronary syndrome?\nAnswer: NGAL level was positively correlated with lesion complexity and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with NSTE-ACS. Serum NGAL levels on admission are associated with increased burden of atherosclerosis in patients with NSTE-ACS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ff098104c2d42e0a6991fd06004d8b5", "input": "Question: Does early tracheostomy in trauma patients save time and money?\nAnswer: In the current era of increased health-care costs, early tracheostomy significantly decreased both pulmonary morbidity and critical care resource utilization. This translates to an appreciable cost savings, at minimum $52,173 per patient and a potential total savings of $2.8million/year for the entire LT cohort. For trauma patients requiring prolonged ventilator support, early tracheostomy should be performed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e23e85205bd944bb81ce1b34811670eb", "input": "Question: Is troponin-I a predictor of a delayed diagnosis of atrial fibrillation in acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack?\nAnswer: TnI elevation is associated with a higher likelihood of subsequent AF diagnosis. Identification of these higher risk stroke and TIA cases for more intensive cardiac monitoring may improve stroke secondary prevention practices.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e3e566a3c0314f078ca5a0477b0dfcf7", "input": "Question: Does borax partially prevent neurologic disability and oxidative stress in experimental spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury?\nAnswer: Borax treatment seems to protect the spinal cord against injury in a rat ischemia/reperfusion model and improve neurological outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94d74156018d4ca4bb0b5b86344d7c67", "input": "Question: Does proteinuria predict postcardiotomy acute kidney injury in patients with preserved glomerular filtration rate?\nAnswer: Urine analysis is usually neglected before cardiac surgery despite the fact that proteinuria is the earliest manifestation of kidney dysfunction. In the current study, we show that urine protein is strongly and independently associated with postoperative acute kidney injury in subjects with preserved estimated glomerular filtration rate. These data suggest that such a relatively simple and clinically easy to use tool as a urinary dipstick may be useful to identify patients at high risk of acute kidney injury before cardiac surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4bb8666b739149fd8f8a3e52241714cf", "input": "Question: Does ultrasound shear wave elastography help discriminate low-grade from high-grade bowel wall fibrosis in ex vivo human intestinal specimens?\nAnswer: Ex vivo bowel wall shear wave speed measurements increase when transmural intestinal fibrosis is present.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9481218a8ace47fa907ff2bd7e79c086", "input": "Question: Do b-type natriuretic peptides improve cardiovascular disease risk prediction in a cohort of women?\nAnswer: In this multiethnic cohort of women with numerous CV events, NT-proBNP modestly improved measures of CVD risk prediction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f9dd107cb19848a8989e05c5c8e568ec", "input": "Question: Do novel markers predict death and organ failure following hemorrhagic shock?\nAnswer: Serum concentrations of ADAMTS13, HSP27 and sP-Selectin measured during the admission, appear to be comparable to or better than SBP, BD, SI, HR and StO2 in predicting MODS and death after hemorrhage from trauma. These potential new markers deserve further investigation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a1ec93040ca4fc0b56039f37ad64be1", "input": "Question: Is the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease often unsupported in clinical practice?\nAnswer: Our study showed that the diagnostic prerequisites were widely unfulfilled, although approximately half of the diagnoses were conclusive for inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, in our assessment of clinical practice: (1) clinicians seldom provide suitable clinical and/or endoscopic information for a histological diagnosis and (2) histopathological diagnoses of inflammatory bowel disease are often not supported by morphology.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8be3efda50e0427b881fb1e8b8b76479", "input": "Question: Does transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement increase feasibility of colorectal surgery in cirrhotic patients with severe portal hypertension?\nAnswer: Portal decompression via TIPS placement may enable selected cirrhotic patients with severe portal hypertension to undergo colorectal resection for cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b93919d35df46179bfdbc2478cf094e", "input": "Question: Does pentoxifylline associated to hypertonic saline solution attenuate inflammatory process and apoptosis after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats?\nAnswer: The combined use of pentoxifylline and hypertonic saline offers best results on inflammatory and apoptotic inhibitory aspects after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-262e29c328a044ad8640471d0e223824", "input": "Question: Is pattern of first recurrent lesions in pancreatic cancer : hepatic relapse associated with dismal prognosis and portal vein invasion?\nAnswer: Hepatic relapse was associated with a dismal prognosis and with pathological portal vein invasion. Novel therapeutic strategies are therefore required to reduce the incidence of hepatic relapse, especially in patients with portal vein invasion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1de137ed549d4a8aa62ad517379b9eab", "input": "Question: Does first registry result from the newly approved ACURATE TA\u2122 TAVI system\u2020?\nAnswer: The short-term result of the registry shows a safety and efficacy profile comparable, if not improved in some aspects, with previously approved transcatheter aortic valve implantation devices. These 'real-world' data highlight an excellent functional outcome, especially in regard to a low rate of relevant paravalvular leak.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b1d208aa0bd74414b95a8d8e69d1f135", "input": "Question: Does phosphorylation of BK channels modulate the sensitivity to hydrogen sulfide ( H2S )?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that phosphorylation by PKG primes the channels for H2S activation and indicate that channel phosphorylation plays an important role in the response to H2S.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-591c21620e014040959358b486267397", "input": "Question: Is cognitive reserve a determinant of health-related quality of life in patients with cirrhosis , independent of covert hepatic encephalopathy and model for end-stage liver disease score?\nAnswer: A higher cognitive reserve is associated with a better HRQOL in patients with cirrhosis, despite similar disease severity and prevalence. This indicates that patients with good cognitive reserve are better able to withstand the demands of cirrhosis progression and CHE, leading to a better HRQOL. Patients with lower cognitive reserve may need more dedicated and earlier measures to improve HRQOL. Cognitive reserve should be considered when interpreting HRQOL and cognitive tests to evaluate patients with cirrhosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c1fa6fa2e134f8abc1d3b66cce8e24d", "input": "Question: Does use of PET-CT for the assessment of treatment result in patients with sarcoidosis?\nAnswer: FDG PET-CT may be useful for determining activity and the efficacy of treatments. Methylprednisolone is effective in reducing metabolic activity but does not lead to improvement in functional parameters.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-65df2a4c0d2d41a685932e7c053d68fc", "input": "Question: Does energy replacement using glucose increase postprandial lipemia after moderate intensity exercise?\nAnswer: In conclusion, energy replacement by glucose did not affect the decrease in postprandial TG concentrations observed after moderate intensity exercise and exercise does not affect changes in PBMC HMGCR, VLDL and LDL receptor mRNA expression.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb31c1247bb9494caec6de77123ece7e", "input": "Question: Is circulating retinol binding protein 4 associated with coronary lesion severity of patients with coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: Plasma RBP4 levels are significantly associated with coronary lesion complexity in women with stable CAD and ACS and predict incident cardiovascular events.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-11e6c4447e9c45fe8c392a6532266923", "input": "Question: Is a high quality diet associated with reduced systemic inflammation in middle-aged individuals?\nAnswer: In this cross-sectional study, we found that a high diet quality is associated with lower systemic inflammation. As the incidence of cardiovascular disease and cancer is directly correlated with the levels of inflammation, our findings might indicate a protective role of high-quality diet.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-262d018bca2149e5a9175d60a978b4a5", "input": "Question: Does pseudoaneurysm of head and neck vessels have been frequently observed in road side bomb blast victims?\nAnswer: Surgical intervention remains the management of choice for post-traumatic false aneurysms of head and neck in Pakistan. Despite the benefits of endovascular procedures, improvements must be weighed against the added costs on the patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-df6fdfde1c8442a3a0e91762d4cab568", "input": "Question: Is altered perineal microbiome associated with vulvovaginitis and urinary tract infection in preadolescent girls?\nAnswer: Vulvovaginitis may cause UTIs by altering the perineal biome such that there is increased colonization of uropathogens.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d58c29fb7aec49f5bdcc9dda78657683", "input": "Question: Does cystamine improve functional recovery via axon remodeling and neuroprotection after stroke in mice?\nAnswer: These data provide evidence to investigate the promising utility of cystamine for therapy of stroke in a variety of ways, acting principally through BDNF/TrkB pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1eac79dd9a1140fe9f27f806e3aa07e7", "input": "Question: Does anti-IGF-1R monoclonal antibody inhibit the carcinogenicity activity of acquired trastuzumab-resistant SKOV3?\nAnswer: We achieved satisfactory anti-tumor activity using trastuzumab plus LMAb1 in trastuzumab-resistant ovarian cancer model. In similar cases, not only acquired but also de novo, good curative effect might be achieved using combined antibody therapy strategies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0cbefe5e49974886831b3e9c2fb513f6", "input": "Question: Does metabolic efficiency promote protection from pressure overload in hearts expressing slow skeletal troponin I?\nAnswer: Expression of a single fetal myofilament protein into adulthood in the ssTnI-transgenic mouse heart induced downregulation of the gene expression response for pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase to pressure overload. The consequence of elevated pyruvate oxidation in ssTnI during TAC reduced anaplerotic flux, ameliorating inefficiencies in glucose oxidation, with energetic and functional protection against cardiac decompensation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-00dd07ca0f6f4a0c9473c1ddbff1d132", "input": "Question: Does preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predict response to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and prognosis in serous ovarian cancer?\nAnswer: Our findings indicated that high levels of preoperative NLR might be a potential biomarker of worse response to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and poor clinical outcomes in patients with SOC. Further validation of this easily available parameter as a potential stratification tool in prospective studies should be encouraged.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1edbf4584f9141e5ab752cc0bb382c56", "input": "Question: Are alcohol mixed with energy drinks robustly associated with patterns of problematic alcohol consumption among young adult college students?\nAnswer: AmED consumption in the past month is robustly associated with problematic alcohol consumption. The present study describes harmful outcomes associated with AmED consumption, and extends the literature on the combined effects of alcohol and energy drinks on young adult risk behaviors. Further research needs to address causal mechanisms for the AmED and problematic alcohol consumption relation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-84e0353b3e144ef38874639a4a15153c", "input": "Question: Does home and workplace built environment support for physical activity?\nAnswer: This study offers empirical evidence on BE supports for domain-specific PA. Findings suggest that diverse, attractive, and walkable neighborhoods around workplaces support walking, bicycling, and use of public transit. Public health practitioners, researchers, and worksite leaders could benefit by utilizing worksite domains and measures from this study for future BE assessments.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b202ef22490647c99930f8537401af25", "input": "Question: Do young low-income ethnic minority children watch less television when their mothers regulate what they are viewing?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that regulating content influences viewing amounts in young children approximately 16 months later. Interventions focused on heightening parental regulation of content may improve content and diminish viewing amounts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5cf89b1d8aa41299d8178572ee59ca2", "input": "Question: Is clinically recognizable error rate after the transfer of comprehensive chromosomal screened euploid embryos low?\nAnswer: The clinically recognizable error rate with qPCR-based CCS is real but quite low. Although evaluated in only a limited number of specimens, mosaicism appears to play a prominent role in misdiagnoses. Mosaic errors present a genuine limit to the effectiveness of aneuploidy screening, because they are not attributable to technical issues in the embryology or analytic laboratories.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e3e3f645abc4344bba500cf19724768", "input": "Question: Do human adenovirus Ad36 and its E4orf1 gene enhance cellular glucose uptake even in the presence of inflammatory cytokines?\nAnswer: Unlike Ad36, E4orf1 does not appear to stimulate inflammatory response. Ad36 and E4orf1 both enhance cellular glucose uptake even in presence of inflammation. Further research is needed to harness this novel and beneficial property of E4orf1 to improve hyperglycemia despite chronic inflammation that is commonly present in aging and obesity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-665d9e5a42544a8685ba4237567c7b02", "input": "Question: Does femoral insufficiency fractures in the elderly - excessive medial femoral bowing complicate intramedullary nailing?\nAnswer: We suggest the addition of another radiographic pattern of 'excessive medial femoral bowing' in low-energy femoral shaft fractures in elderly patients. This bowing complicates intramedullary nailing. Moreover, these insufficiency fractures should be fixed with long cephalomedullary nails.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8315d077e4dc4f128893dd3ab3cd0c97", "input": "Question: Do mutations in the Arabidopsis homoserine kinase gene DMR1 confer enhanced resistance to Fusarium culmorum and F. graminearum?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that common Arabidopsis DMR1 mediated susceptibility mechanisms occur during infection by both obligate biotrophic oomycete and hemi-biotrophic fungal pathogens, not only in vegetative but also in reproductive plant tissues. This has the potential to aid the development of cereal crops with enhanced resistance to FEB.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-599086c07b9347a093b464ed37264f45", "input": "Question: Does ultrasound elastography correlate treatment response by antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C?\nAnswer: With a few exceptions, SVR improved LS. All patients with an increase in LFI were in the non-SVR group, even though LFI decreased in 2 patients. Our findings suggest that an LFI increase indicates lack of treatment efficacy with antiviral therapy. LFI may be useful for the assessment of treatment efficacy in patients with worsening of LS despite achieving SVR with antiviral therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e3534554e074e578648a2b68c09264c", "input": "Question: Does very urgent carotid endarterectomy increase the procedural risk?\nAnswer: These data show that very urgent surgery in symptomatic patients can be performed without increased procedural risk. Given the fact that ruptured plaques with neurological symptoms carry the highest risk of a recurrent ischemic event in the first 2 days, treating patients as soon as possible to offer the highest benefit in stroke prevention is recommended.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd5d1a2851f241fba4c01e8189a4fb90", "input": "Question: Does b7-H4 overexpression impair the immune response of T cells in human cervical carcinomas?\nAnswer: B7-H4 is overexpressed in human cervical cancers, and it is associated with lower numbers of tumor-infiltrating CD8(+)T lymphocytes and therefore less IFN-\u03b3 production. In vitro, B7-H4 inhibits the proliferation of CD4(+)T and CD8(+)T but promotes the proliferation of Tregs and the secretion of IL-10 and TGF-\u03b21. B7-H4 plays an important role in depressing the anti-tumor immunity of CD8(+)T cell in microenvironments of cervical cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e584d716fc045288cd03c4f69d613aa", "input": "Question: Does preoperative mp-MRI of the prostate provide little information about staging of prostate carcinoma in daily clinical practice?\nAnswer: In routine clinical practice, mp-MRI at non-academic centers has very limited clinical value in predicting ECE and SVI. Our data support the current recommendations against the widespread preoperative use of mp-MRI because it is not adding reliable predictive information on the extent of prostate cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-440c644e0b2d42e6bec29ac915438a12", "input": "Question: Do gene expression and genetic analysis reveal diverse causes of recessive self-compatibility in Brassica napus L?\nAnswer: The recessive SC in eight accessions is caused by the loss of function of BnSCR-7 and BnSCR-6 in pollen. Translational repression contributes to the recessive SC in three accessions, whose SRK and SCR genes were expressed normally and had identical CDSs to BrS-29 or BoS-15. SI in 11 F1 hybrids relies on the expression of BnSCR-1300 rather than SRK genes. Other factor(s) independent of the S locus are involved in recessive SC. Therefore, diverse causes underlie recessive SC in B. napus, yielding insight into these complex mechanisms.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cfe9cb85417c4f31ba8336324567381f", "input": "Question: Do prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene E4 synergize to stimulate diverse TH2 functions and TH2 cell/neutrophil crosstalk?\nAnswer: PGD2 and LTE4 activate TH2 cells through different pathways but act synergistically to promote multiple downstream effector functions, including neutrophil migration and survival. Combined inhibition of both PGD2 and LTE4 pathways might provide an effective therapeutic strategy for allergic responses, particularly those involving interaction between TH2 cells and neutrophils, such as in patients with severe asthma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9d54b86301594d7c9f57c0e4869cf9e8", "input": "Question: Does consumption of unprocessed cow 's milk protect infants from common respiratory infections?\nAnswer: Early life consumption of raw cow's milk reduced the risk of manifest respiratory infections and fever by about 30%. If the health hazards of raw milk could be overcome, the public health impact of minimally processed but pathogen-free milk might be enormous, given the high prevalence of respiratory infections in the first year of life and the associated direct and indirect costs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e597f2530b894c49b3de4e510b0fe7c7", "input": "Question: Does melatonin-sulforaphane hybrid ITH12674 induce neuroprotection in oxidative stress conditions by a 'drug-prodrug ' mechanism of action?\nAnswer: ITH12674 combines the signalling pathways of the parent compounds to improve its neuroprotective properties. This opens a new line of research for such hybrid compounds to treat neurodegenerative diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-97bd674838e04d44b3f2ec12efd29825", "input": "Question: Does comprehensive analysis suggest simple processes underlying EEG/ERP - demonstration with the go/no-go paradigm in ADHD?\nAnswer: We show how these processes accord with and provide insight on the waveforms reported in the literature.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-43bbe80ed3b94da3ab0d88afca7a598e", "input": "Question: Does endometriosis also affect the decidua in contact with the fetal membranes during pregnancy?\nAnswer: Decidua of women with endometriosis is able to generate endometriotic-like lesions in contact with the fetal membranes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e5e5476b7b84b62a9e6fa7674240823", "input": "Question: Do endometriotic ovarian cysts negatively affect the rate of spontaneous ovulation?\nAnswer: Endometriotic cysts, no matter what their volume, do not influence the rate of spontaneous ovulation in the affected ovary.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eaa1bd6c23184b5b9e63d95b6d15b61f", "input": "Question: Do song characteristics track bill morphology along a gradient of urbanization in house finches ( Haemorhous mexicanus )?\nAnswer: These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that birds with longer beaks and therefore longer vocal tracts sing songs with lower maximum frequencies because longer tubes have lower-frequency resonances. Thus, for the first time, we reveal dual constraints (one biotic, one abiotic) on the song frequency range of urban animals. Urban foraging pressures may additionally interact with the acoustic environment to shape bill traits and vocal performance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b884f9d6f674351837d0d73a13e0b9f", "input": "Question: Do the effects of ifenprodil on the activity of antidepressant drugs in the forced swim test in mice?\nAnswer: The concomitant administration of certain commonly prescribed antidepressant drugs that affect the serotonergic neurotransmission (i.e., typical tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) with a negative modulator selectively binding to the GluN1/N2B subunits of the NMDA receptor complex (i.e., ifenprodil) may induce a more pronounced antidepressant-like effect than monotherapy. However, these findings still need to be confirmed in further experiments.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-75dd866446e5479f8dd039f2e70e6d39", "input": "Question: Does pulmonary morbidity improve after autologous stem cell transplantation in POEMS syndrome?\nAnswer: Patients with POEMS syndrome treated with aPBSCT have significant improvement in PFTs, respiratory muscle strength, imaging, and post-transplant IL-6. The improvement in PFTs persists during long-term follow-up.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-46979734c0e54b879ba284ebc9e8dada", "input": "Question: Do nitric oxide and cGMP induce COX-2 expression and PGE2 production in human granulosa cells through CREB signaling pathway?\nAnswer: CREB mediates NO and cGMP-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production, which subsequently contribute to NO-regulated ovulation in human granulosa cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1247dc3689cf4edc93281ab5e686a60c", "input": "Question: Does miR-219-5p modulate cell growth of papillary thyroid carcinoma by targeting estrogen receptor \u03b1?\nAnswer: Our investigation identified miR-219-5p as a negative regulator of PTC development through targeting of ER\u03b1.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b62123753b1402f88820f2d8b4eece4", "input": "Question: Is hypothalamic damage associated with inflammatory markers and worse cognitive performance in obese subjects?\nAnswer: DTI detects obesity-associated hypothalamic damage associated with inflammatory markers and worse cognitive performance. This study highlights the potential utility of \u03bb(1) as a surrogate marker of obesity-associated hypothalamic damage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b4bdd34490c44f3bb6e20b6dad502fd1", "input": "Question: Is s100A8 a novel therapeutic target for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma?\nAnswer: These findings establish a novel role for S100A8 in the promoting and enhancing of ATC progression. They further suggest that the inhibition of S100A8 could represent a relevant therapeutic target, with the potential of enabling a more effective treatment path for this deadly disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e17cb287f4440ddb92af03af1a2b1c2", "input": "Question: Do associations of Heart Rate With Inflammatory Markers Are Modulated by Gender and Obesity in Older Adults?\nAnswer: Faster HR is associated with proinflammatory state in elderly patients; this association seems to be limited to women with higher BMI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-98f171cd9d4f4c9b9a08b5ee40466cff", "input": "Question: Do plant traits respond to the competitive neighbourhood at different spatial and temporal scales?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates that the traits of a single clonal individual can respond to different competitive environments in space and time. The results thus contribute to the understanding of competition mechanisms.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9c5731e5695746cd9b1d97d087afee22", "input": "Question: Are endoscopy and EUS key for effective surveillance and management of duodenal adenomas in familial adenomatous polyposis?\nAnswer: Limited follow-up period, young age group, uncontrolled study.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-005cce772d0d4bc984106895e9b8c4f1", "input": "Question: Are well differentiation and intact Smad4 expression specific features of groove pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas?\nAnswer: These results suggest that GPDACs arise from small branch pancreatic ducts around accessory pancreatic duct penetrating the groove and duodenum and are distinguishable from DACs. Molecular immunohistochemistry suggests the accumulation of genetic abnormalities during tumor progression is slow in comparison with cPDACs. Thus, the site of PDAC occurrence, such as the border or inner area of the pancreas head, may determine genetic progressivity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f35f80d6f27e4efaa31676a78425cdf3", "input": "Question: Does peroxiredoxin 1 promote pancreatic cancer cell invasion by modulating p38 MAPK activity?\nAnswer: Prdx1 associates with the formation of membrane protrusions through modulation of the activity of p38 MAPK, which in turn promotes PDAC cell invasion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f2010f02480a4e86972eec459a978272", "input": "Question: Do increased interleukin-23/17 axis and C-reactive protein are associated with severity of acute pancreatitis in patients?\nAnswer: The serum levels of IL-17, IL-23, and CRP are correlated with the severity of AP and represent valuable prognostic factors in the assessment of disease severity of patients with AP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-710045d896c34a79884eb7cb1824e249", "input": "Question: Does [ Waist-to-height ratio change with gender , age and pubertal stage in elementary school children ]?\nAnswer: Since WHtR does not vary with age, gender and pubertal status in elementary school children, it is possible to use a single cutoff value, previously defined in this population, to identify children with cardiometabolic risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-27642a5cbd6646ae84437cf413e4b417", "input": "Question: Do maternal and childhood psychological factors predict chronic disabling fatigue at age 13 years?\nAnswer: Pediatricians need to be aware that children whose mothers experience anxiety and/or depression between pregnancy and child's age 6 years have an increased risk of developing chronic disabling fatigue in early adolescence. Conversely, clinicians need to be alert to fatigue in children whose mothers have longstanding anxiety and depression. These findings suggest the importance of family-based approaches to treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4854bccfe32d4a9da7bd594004dc4f13", "input": "Question: Is position-related injury uncommon in robotic gynecologic surgery?\nAnswer: The incidence of position-related injury among women undergoing robotic surgery was extremely low (0.8%). Due to the low incidence we were unable to identify modifiable risk factors for position-related injury following robotic surgery. A standardized, team-oriented approach may significantly decrease position-related injuries following robotic gynecologic surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c7d2eb5da3fc444ca6a9706d10463f75", "input": "Question: Is increased alcohol consumption in urocortin 3 knockout mice unaffected by chronic inflammatory pain?\nAnswer: The increased drinking in Ucn3 KO supports a role for this peptide in alcohol-related behavior. These data suggest the necessity for more research exploring the relationship between alcohol drinking, chronic pain and the CRF system in rodent models.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c26a490b8c32462ca1d89b84a0e9191c", "input": "Question: Does serum free light chain response after 2 courses of induction chemotherapy predict prognosis in myeloma patients?\nAnswer: Early response assessment in terms of sFLC after 2 courses of induction CT seems to have a prognostic effect in MM patients. The methodology and timing of the evaluation based on sFLCs needs to be validated in prospective studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6f7e6f309dd44e029065e1a991685d6b", "input": "Question: Does protopine inhibit heterotypic cell adhesion in MDA-MB-231 cells through down-regulation of multi-adhesive factors?\nAnswer: The present results suggest that protopine seems to inhibit the heterotypic cell adhesion between MDA-MB-231 cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells by changing the expression of adhesive factors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-642530bc69124072ba26d7c6df0a7170", "input": "Question: Does hydrogen sulfide protect testicular germ cells against heat-induced injury?\nAnswer: Our results revealed both physiological and pharmacological roles of H2S in testicular germ cells. Exogenous application of H2S may protect germ cells by preservation of mitochondrial function and stimulation of anti-oxidant activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7758071ad948462f993203f3f6ddc9eb", "input": "Question: Is long noncoding RNA PCA3 gene promoter region related to the risk of prostate cancer on Chinese males?\nAnswer: The results of this study suggest that short tandem repeat polymorphism of TAAA in the promoter region of PCA3 gene is a risk-increasing factor for prostate cancer in the Chinese population. In addition to the hereditary factor, the insertion mutation of (TAAA)n in a local tissue maybe another mechanism of the onset of PCa.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5b87ce928ce542efb06930d88ca1cc22", "input": "Question: Does ski diminish TGF-\u03b21-induced myofibroblast phenotype via up-regulating Meox2 expression?\nAnswer: Ski diminishes the myofibroblast phenotype induced by TGF-\u03b21 through the suppression of Zeb2 by up-regulating the expression of Meox2.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0f1af5e69f66481a984510a78aff52e5", "input": "Question: Does docosahexaenoic acid induce M2 macrophage polarization through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u03b3 activation?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that DHA can promote resolution of inflammation by facilitating efferocytosis through M2 macrophage polarization. Therefore, DHA may have a therapeutic potential in the management of inflammatory diseases which are related to impaired resolution of inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1346195ca0a146d58dca6fea0380a8db", "input": "Question: Does different approaches for interpretation and reporting of immunohistochemistry analysis result in the bone tissue - a review?\nAnswer: The overview of the existing approaches in evaluation and interpretation of IHC data, which are provided in the article, can be used in bone tissue research and for either better understanding of existing scoring systems or developing a new one. Standard multiparametric, semiquantitative IHC scoring systems should simplify and clarify the process of interpretation and reporting of received data.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd2291012d7246f89baa4ef0cdf35fa5", "input": "Question: Do survey of radiologist attitudes and perceptions regarding the incorporation of a departmental peer review system?\nAnswer: The incorporation of a nonanonymous peer review system generates anxiety and uncertainty within a radiology department. The investigation of physicians' attitudes toward and perceptions about peer review is important for understanding the potential impact not only on patient care but also on radiologists' relationships and psychology in the workplace.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7edcc1797c284c39845f30a02cffafb3", "input": "Question: Does naringin ameliorate memory deficits in experimental paradigm of Alzheimer 's disease by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction?\nAnswer: Our findings demonstrate that naringin ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction mediated oxido-nitrosative stress and inflammatory surge in ICV-STZ rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-af888227369c4000adb1353767261e78", "input": "Question: Does tanshinone IIA attenuate neuropathic pain via inhibiting glial activation and immune response?\nAnswer: Taken together, our study provides evidence that TIIA inhibited SNL-induced neuropathic pain through depressing microglial activation and immune response by the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathways. Our findings suggest that TIIA might be a promising agent in the treatment of neuropathic pain.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8a676775900d437cac8ce87685949077", "input": "Question: Are microcirculatory perfusion and vascular reactivity altered in post cardiac arrest patients , irrespective of target temperature management to 33 \u00b0C vs 36 \u00b0C?\nAnswer: In this relatively small sample size study microcirculatory blood flow and vascular reactivity did not differ nor change between TTM33 and TTM36.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d2d6e38b1c14cc7b76de36619e0feb7", "input": "Question: Does gRIN2B mediate susceptibility to intelligence quotient and cognitive impairments in developmental dyslexia?\nAnswer: Our results add further evidence in support of GRIN2B contributing toward DD and deficits in DD. More specifically, our data support the view that GRIN2B influences DD as a categorical trait and its related quantitative phenotypes, thus shedding further light on the etiologic basis and the phenotypic complexity of this disorder.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c25349688bbb42ae8e811d6ea2d82732", "input": "Question: Are arterial stiffness and central arterial wave reflection associated with serum uric acid , total bilirubin , and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: N/L ratio and serum UA and TB levels might be used to risk-stratify patients with respect to arterial stiffness in CAD patients, especially in the presence of ACS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5e034e4bfdd4c6b99ad107e514aa4a7", "input": "Question: Is minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting associated with improved clinical outcomes?\nAnswer: Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting is safe, and early clinical outcomes are comparable, if not superior in some respects, to OPCAB. Extubation in the OR is feasible, well tolerated, and associated with earlier discharge. Shorter hospital stays may decrease resource use and promote earlier return to activities; however, further research is needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fcdb204622534a6ebb293f573cb2657e", "input": "Question: Is antiproliferative effect induced by novel imidazoline S43126 in PC12 cells mediated by ROS , stress activated MAPKs and caspases?\nAnswer: Our data showed that the effects of S43126 on PC12 cell death were partly mediated by ROS production, MAPK and caspase activation. These results further indicate an emerging role for I1R in apoptotic processes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-540c82fbda4b49f9977a04832b52911c", "input": "Question: Does chronic administration of phenytoin induce efflux transporter overexpression in rats?\nAnswer: Overexpression of efflux transporters can be mediated by inducer agents like PHT in a local-concentration dependent manner, and it is reversible once the substance is removed from the body. The recovery of basal Pgp expression could allow the design of dosing schedules that optimize anticonvulsant therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5089c095d8314b1b8ca5d58b20a5aa44", "input": "Question: Is negative feedback loop of cholesterol regulation impaired in the livers of patients with Alagille syndrome?\nAnswer: The major upregulators of liver cholesterol might be increased in AGS patients, indicating an impaired negative feedback mechanism and accelerated liver cholesterol accumulation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dc856e6d45f0466a9077168bb7a05ffb", "input": "Question: Is sULF2 , a heparan sulfate endosulfatase , present in the blood of healthy individuals and increases in cirrhosis?\nAnswer: SULF2 may be a useful serologic biomarker for liver cirrhosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-01e5bdf8dfc9476eae9cdc5d8d4dcc92", "input": "Question: Does global cortical thinning in acute anorexia nervosa normalize following long-term weight restoration?\nAnswer: Structural brain anomalies in AN as expressed in CT and subcortical volume are primarily the consequence of malnutrition and unlikely to reflect premorbid trait markers or permanent scars, but longitudinal data are needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f5aa164a18244d8afcb2232a8a9f7c8", "input": "Question: Are symptoms in severe aortic stenosis associated with decreased compensatory circumferential myocardial mechanics?\nAnswer: Longitudinal strain was uniformly low in patients with severe AS and lower in those with symptoms. Compensatory circumferential myocardial mechanics (increased apical circumferential strain and rotation) were absent in symptomatic patients. Thus, myocardial mechanics may help in the follow-up of patients with severe AS and timing of valve surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6a457ef1de2b4f9f99a898ad9445924a", "input": "Question: Does negative affectivity predict decreased pain tolerance during low-grade inflammation in healthy women?\nAnswer: NA moderated the effects of inflammation on pain tolerance. This finding is consistent with a synergistic model whereby inflammation may lower the threshold for pain reporting in individuals with increased vulnerability for somatic symptom reporting.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab523ae856af4cd7b969e871b4a71902", "input": "Question: Does regulator of the mucoid phenotype A gene increase the virulent ability of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing serotype non-K1/K2 Klebsiella pneumonia?\nAnswer: We conclude that the pathogenic potential is greater in rmpA(+) ESBL-KP strains than in rmpA(-) ESBL-KP and non-ESBL-KP strains.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-32e45f97a11f4f38828c8f7b5e27e9c1", "input": "Question: Does chronic psychological stress in high-anxiety rats induce sustained bladder hyperalgesia?\nAnswer: Chronic WAS induces sustained bladder hyperalgesia, lasting over a month after exposure to stress. The urinary frequency demonstrated previously in anxiety-prone rats exposed to chronic WAS seems to be associated with bladder hyperalgesia, suggesting that this is a potential model for future studies of bladder hypersensitivity syndromes such as interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ab46db4bf5a49f7bc139682a12699f0", "input": "Question: Does experimental sleep restriction cause endothelial dysfunction in healthy humans?\nAnswer: In healthy individuals, moderate sleep restriction causes endothelial dysfunction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a2e318f83a9f4188bcf0e2bee168b1e8", "input": "Question: Are chronic pancreatitis pain pattern and severity independent of abdominal imaging findings?\nAnswer: Mechanisms that determine patterns and severity of pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis are largely independent of structural variants observed by abdominal imaging techniques. Pancreas-relevant quantitative and qualitative pain measures should be included in the evaluation of patients with chronic pancreatitis to assess pain severity independently of imaging findings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b3fb876dfbe4ac78ab719d866d7a022", "input": "Question: Is postural change during venous blood collection a major source of bias in clinical chemistry testing?\nAnswer: These results provide further support to the need of standardizing patient's posture during phlebotomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e43edccb678e42f9bed021dfe44e7fd0", "input": "Question: Are novel mutations in the displacement loop of mitochondrial DNA associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia : a genetic sequencing study?\nAnswer: Further investigation of the relationship between mutations in mitochondrial d-loop genes and incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is recommended.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c572fb8d72394480a2ca240d4fab831a", "input": "Question: Does anthraquinonyl glycoside facilitate the standardization of graphene electrodes for the impedance detection of lectins?\nAnswer: Anthraquinone-modified ligands could be used to facilitate the standardization of electrochemical impedance sensors for the reproducible, selective analysis of ligand-protein interactions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b4aa7224c3f44f4b17f507c7b8aabe8", "input": "Question: Is perfusion CT a valuable diagnostic method for prostate cancer : a prospective study of 94 patients?\nAnswer: CT quantitative perfusion imaging allows PCa to be distinguished from normal prostate tissue. The highest values for BF and BV were observed in the most aggressive PCa grade.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-22f0ead10d4f4e849f5fb46a7fa74fd8", "input": "Question: Does peritumoral interstitial fluid flow velocity predict survival in cervical carcinoma?\nAnswer: This investigation demonstrates a strong, independent prognostic impact of the pretreatment peritumoral fluid flow velocity in cervical cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-264b86b954ae4385a092d1552f36994c", "input": "Question: Do workplace learning through peer groups in medical school clerkships?\nAnswer: Students achieve many aspects of workplace learning in clerkships through formal or informal workplace-based peer groups. In these groups, peers provide accessible, real-time, and relevant resources to help each other navigate transitions, clarify roles and tasks, manage interpersonal challenges, and decrease isolation. Medical schools can support effective workplace learning for medical students by incorporating continuity with peers in the main clinical clerkship year.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c0af4e123cd6499e94c6abfe728731e7", "input": "Question: Does [ Prevalence of anxiety disturb in patients with Tourette syndrome and tic disturb ]?\nAnswer: Anxiety disorders seem to be linked with the variables of patients'age, duration of disease, gender, pharmacological treatment and presence of comorbidity for obsessive-compulsion disorder (OCD).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-76191a4dd6da4bb3afce335ff2fd7083", "input": "Question: Do native and denatured egg white protein IgE tests discriminate hen 's egg allergic from egg-tolerant children?\nAnswer: The diagnosis of egg allergy can be significantly improved using a panel of IgE tests to egg proteins in the native or denatured form. The accuracy can be improved using combined IgE testing.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-711e5a8f74ea4452868cb013f3628cbd", "input": "Question: Is delay of airway epithelial wound repair in COPD associated with airflow obstruction severity?\nAnswer: Our results showed an abnormal bronchial epithelial wound closure process in severe COPD. Further studies are needed to elucidate the contribution and the regulation of this mechanism in the complex pathophysiology of COPD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ffdc8253ec234870bdbcd7b5786cfdf6", "input": "Question: Do aversive stimuli drive drug seeking in a state of low dopamine tone?\nAnswer: These data demonstrate that stress-induced drug seeking can occur in a terminal environment of low dopamine tone that is dependent on a CRF-induced decrease in midbrain dopamine activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-803f1345d7624f33a18a9244e5264c35", "input": "Question: Do zero adjusted models with applications to analysing helminths count data?\nAnswer: This paper showed that zero modified NBLH and ZINB models are more appropriate methods for the analysis of data with excess zeros. The choice between the hurdle and zero-inflated models should be based on the aim and endpoints of the study.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-492c2bfedb8f4cb6abf96555f07706a0", "input": "Question: Does an aboveground pathogen inhibit belowground rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Phaseolus vulgaris?\nAnswer: We demonstrate that aboveground fungal pathogens can affect belowground mutualism with two very different types of microbial symbionts-rhizobia and AMF. Our results suggest that systemically induced PPO activity is functionally involved in this above-belowground interaction. We predict that the top-down effects we show here can drastically impact plant performance in soils with limited nutrients and water; abiotic stress conditions usually mitigated by microbial belowground mutualists.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-65240df950774fc09abcd48b038295f3", "input": "Question: Does gender influence headache characteristics with increasing age in migraine patients?\nAnswer: Gender has an influence on the characteristics of the headache as well as on the associated symptoms in migraine patients, and this impact varies across the age groups, particularly in women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a3fd091f29b34507a9fa20dc897fd22d", "input": "Question: Are stress and inflammatory biomarkers and symptoms associated with bioimpedance measures?\nAnswer: MUS is an index of chronic stress and inflammation and BIA-ACC may provide a useful, bloodless and rapid tool in the clinical setting, distinguishing patients with chronic stress/inflammation from healthy subjects and monitoring their response to treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e32bbdb5e51847778a1ee99146327501", "input": "Question: Does piericidin A aggravate Tau pathology in P301S transgenic mice?\nAnswer: This study shows that exposure to piericidin A aggravates the course of genetically determined tau pathology, providing experimental support for the concept of gene-environment interaction in the etiology of tauopathies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3beebc2f0e2d48cd9d4e2c97395edc7e", "input": "Question: Are cognitive-behavioral phenotypes of Williams syndrome associated with genetic variation in the GTF2I gene , in a healthy population?\nAnswer: These findings implicate the GTF2I gene in the neurogenetic basis of social communication and social anxiety, both in Williams syndrome and among individuals in healthy populations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d135d53a759c48f4a3ce41b61fd9bdb1", "input": "Question: Are long-term changes in body weight associated with changes in blood pressure levels?\nAnswer: Absolute and relative changes in body weight are positively associated with changes in blood pressure levels and also affect the risk of cardiovascular events.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-40072937070d4dc5bcb453d8f4444857", "input": "Question: Does vascular reconstruction play an important role in the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: An aggressive approach for stage II pancreatic cancers with venous or arterial invasion can be performed with comparable results when it is executed by an experienced institution with skilled oncologic and vascular surgeons.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-16727f8147f84c3a8ba21d3ce35581e2", "input": "Question: Is matrix metalloproteinase 10 associated with disease severity and mortality in patients with peripheral arterial disease?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that MMP-10 is associated with severity and poor outcome in PAD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-58e389fc1a0a41c19473c9d6e2654994", "input": "Question: Does selective renal blood perfusion induce renal tubules injury in a porcine model?\nAnswer: SRP with a roller pump induces kidney tubule injury. Thus, distal aortic and SRP in our model does not provide adequate kidney protection. Furthermore, the perfusion system provokes red blood cell damage with increased free hemoglobin. Hence, the SRP perfusion technique should be revised and tested.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e11a6672ec64c9694b9d34b4d280930", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of urothelial P2X3 receptors prevent desensitization of purinergic detrusor contractions in the rat bladder?\nAnswer: In the rat bladder, medial and basal urothelial cells express P2X3R, and specific inhibition of the receptor leads to a more hyporeflexive bladder condition. This pathway may involve P2X3R driving a paracrine amplification of ATP released from umbrella cells to increase afferent transmission in the sub-urothelial sensory plexus and desensitization of P2X1-mediated purinergic detrusor contractions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-36b533c42d664d26b913416fc8e12b40", "input": "Question: Does high lifetime inbreeding depression counteract the reproductive assurance benefit of selfing in a mass-flowering shrub?\nAnswer: Lifetime inbreeding depression strongly counteracts the advantage of reproductive assurance due to selfing in this long-lived species. The poor fitness of selfed offspring should counteract any evolution towards selfing, despite its potential to alleviate the negative consequences of pollen limitation. This study highlights the need to estimate lifetime inbreeding depression, together with mating system and pollination parameters, if we are to understand the actual benefit of selfing and avoid the overestimation of reproductive assurance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e00bbfaccab4f93a85e0b00650b8a0f", "input": "Question: Are genes associated with antibody-dependent cell activation overexpressed in renal biopsies from patients with antibody-mediated rejection?\nAnswer: ADCC pathways are active in transplant patients with ABMR, and likely mediate allograft injury, providing a potential mechanism for C4d negative ABMR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-56254e38dfe04494a9246ca2358b07c3", "input": "Question: Does measurement of refractive index by nanoparticle tracking analysis reveal heterogeneity in extracellular vesicles?\nAnswer: Using NTA and Mie scattering theory, we have demonstrated that it is possible to estimate the RI of sub-micron EV using NTA data. EV typically had a modal RI of 1.37-1.39, whereas values of >1.40 were observed for some large (>200 nm) microvesicles.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee681254a8ae4516a2b8355c08e35b45", "input": "Question: Do nomograms incorporating serum C-reactive protein effectively predict mortality before and after surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: We have generated nomograms incorporating serum C-reactive protein levels that effectively predict overall mortality and renal cell carcinoma specific mortality. Our findings warrant external validation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-68e9ab3988f44167877c9fbcd8e7de08", "input": "Question: Do endogenous female sex hormones delay the development of renal dysfunction in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice?\nAnswer: Taken together these data indicate that female sex hormones may delay hypercholesterolemia-induced renal dysfunction and emphasizes the importance of plasma cholesterol control in post-menopausal women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-61beaa3e35684ac28fd8b8dee9ca0947", "input": "Question: Is fractionation of electrograms caused by colocalized conduction block and connexin disorganization in the absence of fibrosis as AF becomes persistent in the goat model?\nAnswer: Electrogram fractionation with increasing persistence of AF results from slow localized conduction or block associated with changes in atrial connexin distribution in the absence of fibrotic change.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4765d947c0b4fe4ae49a3507fc6c823", "input": "Question: Does severe nutritional risk predict decreased long-term survival in geriatric patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for benign disease?\nAnswer: Severe nutritional risk can be a useful predictor of long-term survival in geriatric patients undergoing PD, and could improve patient risk stratification preoperatively. Nonoperative management should be strongly considered in geriatric patients with SNR, when malignancy is not suspected.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-070ae7e37e8b48ab8435b1d4ca432ce4", "input": "Question: Does peripherally administered oxytocin modulate latent inhibition in a manner consistent with antipsychotic drugs?\nAnswer: The facilitation of LI by OT is consistent with the effects produced by APDs and provides further support for the notion that OT has therapeutic potential for schizophrenia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c9f402129f4471bbae6fdef97f47fbb", "input": "Question: Does generalizability of trial result to elderly Medicare patients with advanced solid tumors ( Alliance 70802 )?\nAnswer: Results of clinical trials for advanced pancreatic cancer and lung cancers tended to correctly estimate survival for Medicare patients aged 65 to 74 years, but to overestimate survival for older Medicare patients by six to eight weeks. These estimates of Medicare patients' survival may aid subsequent patients and their oncologists in treatment decision-making.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3a82d8812a8948afba57e0ec268c20a3", "input": "Question: Do a phase II study of sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extracts in men with recurrent prostate cancer?\nAnswer: Treatment with 200 \u03bcmoles/day of sulforaphane-rich extracts did not lead to \u226550% PSA declines in the majority of patients. However, because of the safety of treatment and the effects on PSADT modulation, further studies, including those with higher doses, may be warranted to clarify the role of sulforaphane as a prevention agent or treatment agent.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b0bbd19fd044f2b84491ac099eacc8b", "input": "Question: Does beta-blocker Treatment Worsen Critical Limb Ischemia in Patients Receiving Endovascular Therapy?\nAnswer: The present results suggest that beta-blocker therapy does not worsen the clinical outcomes after EVT in CLI patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6828b43ab83342f3a01b00eabcee4261", "input": "Question: Does electric stimulation at 448 kHz promote proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells?\nAnswer: These data identify cellular and molecular phenomena potentially underlying the response to CRET and indicate that CRET-induced lesion repair could be mediated by stimulation of the proliferation of stem cells present in the injured tissues.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f1a7f53123c048b480f39c862ff4c5cf", "input": "Question: Is pre-surgical cortical activation to food pictures associated with weight loss following bariatric surgery?\nAnswer: We found that neural activity in previously established regions associated with cognitive and behavioral self-regulation predicts weight loss following bariatric surgery. These preliminary findings highlight the role of neural circuitry in the success and maintenance of weight loss and suggest a possible future use of fMRI in screening LAGB surgery candidates.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5930f7d7cb6946cfa7214eac0df2ccd2", "input": "Question: Are atherogenic index of plasma and atherogenic coefficient increased in major depression and bipolar disorder , especially when comorbid with tobacco use disorder?\nAnswer: The findings suggest that lipid abnormalities leading to an increased atherogenic potential are involved in the pathophysiology of mood disorders (depression and bipolar disorder) and especially comorbid mood disorder and TUD. The comorbidity between mood disorders and CVD may be partly explained increased through AIP and AC indexes, impacting increments in atherogenic potential.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-56ad07e2520a43a7888ac40718c1ce9b", "input": "Question: Do mid-regional proadrenomedullin levels predict recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation?\nAnswer: This is the first study revealing the association between MR-proADM elevation before ablation and poor outcomes after ablation of AF. Larger studies are needed to validate these results.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-11d9aba9715b4a94a3ba3a421cba2dc6", "input": "Question: Does ellagic acid prevent monocrotaline-induced pulmonary artery hypertension via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in rats?\nAnswer: Ellagic acid ameliorates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary artery hypertension via exerting its anti-oxidative property inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome signal pathway in rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-96f693c22dcc4134a9f9591916c01daf", "input": "Question: Is preeclampsia associated with lower production of vascular endothelial growth factor by peripheral blood mononuclear cells?\nAnswer: VEGF production by PBMCs is inhibited during PE, creating a downregulation of the microenvironment; this deficiency may contribute to the pathogenesis of disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd2ce10a53c34f9a9870a72e926e820f", "input": "Question: Do freezing of gait subtypes have different cognitive correlates in Parkinson 's disease?\nAnswer: Aside from pharmacological differences, unresponsive FOG is associated with executive and visuospatial dysfunction implicating frontostriatal pathways while responsive FOG is associated with hallucinations suggesting involvement of posterior cortical regions. Further study and treatment of FOG should include appropriate subtype classification.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2a85c2f0e97e41fea89e449f92a6c433", "input": "Question: Does a tourniquet assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation augment myocardial perfusion in a porcine model of cardiac arrest?\nAnswer: T-CPR improves myocardial and cerebral perfusion during CPR. It may provide a new and convenient method for augmenting myocardial and cerebral blood flow during CPR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cbde8f553e7742e2a7974d3d4ace7112", "input": "Question: Does a common polymorphism in pre-miR-146a underlie Hirschsprung disease risk in Han Chinese?\nAnswer: Our results showed that the polymorphism rs2910164 in pre-miR-146a might alter the production of mature miR-146a and then down-regulate the target gene ROBO1, which plays an important role in pathogenesis of HSCR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c9ba98cae4f4fbfabb5d320c32f4cc9", "input": "Question: Do increased litter size and suckling intensity inhibit KiSS-1 mRNA expression in rat arcuate nucleus?\nAnswer: Increased litter size and suckling intensity decreased KiSS-1 mRNA expression in the ARC which may contribute to lactation anestrus in rat.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2648f8168a1c48ddb390ed0f7c3e554b", "input": "Question: Do glaucoma and associated visual acuity and field loss significantly affect glaucoma-specific psychosocial functioning?\nAnswer: Glaucoma negatively affects PF. Early stage glaucoma with mild VF loss adversely affects anxiety, self-image, and confidence in health care. As VA worsens in advanced glaucoma, anxiety further increases and self-image deteriorates. Ophthalmologists and glaucoma patients need to be aware that both VA and VF losses at different stages of glaucoma negatively impact PF.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f439c96113649d697391a6d84ab3126", "input": "Question: Does unilateral Hypothalamus Inactivation prevent PTZ Kindling Development through Hippocampal Orexin Receptor 1 Modulation?\nAnswer: It is concluded that LHA inactivation prevented kindling development probably through orexin receptor antagonism. CSF orexin probably acts as an inhibitory step on convulsive intensity through another unknown process.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1a07d77c4da4cfc846b4e53bd993d5c", "input": "Question: Is termination of Nociceptive Bahaviour at the End of Phase 2 of Formalin Test Attributable to Endogenous Inhibitory Mechanisms , but not by Opioid Receptors Activation?\nAnswer: The results of this study suggest the existence of an active inhibitory mechanism, other than the endogenous opioids, that is responsible for termination of nociceptive behaviour at the end of formalin test.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-060c05dc8c7948ec8e1dd1915098bd99", "input": "Question: Do whole-brain quantitative mapping of metabolites using short echo three-dimensional proton MRSI?\nAnswer: A double-angulation acquisition enables improved metabolic characterization over a wide volume of the brain.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa51313d29784638a09160cd16ec360c", "input": "Question: Does vasopressin raise cardiac enzymes following cardiac surgery : a randomized double-blind clinical trial?\nAnswer: Vasopressin infusion has been used to treat catecholamine-unresponsive shock. In this study, intraoperative vasopressin was used safely as a possible first-line drug for treating hypotension; however, it did not increase the levels of cardiac enzymes after cardiac surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-33c54a5e143b4b5699b3bb545ddfd3e1", "input": "Question: Does converging evidence implicate the abnormal microRNA system in schizophrenia?\nAnswer: Collectively, results from all 3 lines of evidence, suggest that the genetically based dysregulation of miRNA systems undermines miRNAs' inhibitory effects, resulting in the abnormal upregulation of genome transcription in the development of SZ.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-546ad58bf3134e3ca90941d753ba922d", "input": "Question: Do periodontal ligament mesenchymal stromal cells increase proliferation and glycosaminoglycans formation of temporomandibular joint derived fibrochondrocytes?\nAnswer: Results from this study support the mechanism of MSC-chondrocyte interaction, in which MSCs act as secretor of soluble factors that stimulate proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition of chondrocytes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f44e8fbea48c4253937033582e06cc51", "input": "Question: Is digital rectal examination in primary care important for early detection of prostate cancer : a retrospective cohort analysis study?\nAnswer: DRE is a key part of the assessment for prostate cancer. It can independently identify patients at risk of prostate cancer, with a substantial proportion of these having clinically significant disease requiring treatment. This study reinforces the importance of DRE in the primary care setting in the assessment for prostate cancer. An abnormal DRE, even in the setting of a normal PSA level, necessitates referral.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c868074fb4714808b7384c5071da689d", "input": "Question: Does clinical trial demonstrate exercise following bariatric surgery improves insulin sensitivity?\nAnswer: Moderate exercise following RYGB surgery provides additional improvements in S(I), S(G), and cardiorespiratory fitness compared with a sedentary lifestyle during similar weight loss.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-37a21c227dcf429395e4cbc12bcf744b", "input": "Question: Do differential behavior patterns in cynomolgus monkey Macaca fascicularis in home cage in response to human gaze?\nAnswer: These results indicate that, even in their home cage, monkeys display a heightened level of awareness when gazed upon by a human observer, suggesting that human gaze may elicit emotional reactions. Further, under the human gaze, distinct behavioral subpatterns were apparent within the monkey cohort in our study, indicative of subgroups within the cohort.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d8e5a9187464b4ea3d1b69ff00a7060", "input": "Question: Are genes related to emphysema enriched for ubiquitination pathways?\nAnswer: This study implicates modified protein ubiquitination and degradation as a potentially important pathway in the pathogenesis of emphysema.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-db53e528f94e44cdaa17bb9a018ba296", "input": "Question: Does unravelling associations between unassigned mass spectrometry peak with frequent itemset mining techniques?\nAnswer: This simple approach offers opportunities to monitor accumulating unexplained mass spectrometry data for emerging new patterns, with possible applications for the development of mass exclusion lists, for the refinement of quality control strategies and for a further interpretation of unexplained spectral peaks in mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-45138400bb5f4cff9c25b191f4327392", "input": "Question: Does celecoxib induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in epithelial ovarian cancer cells via regulating ZEB1 expression?\nAnswer: Our results indicated that Celecoxib might induce EMT and increase cellular invasiveness in ovarian cancer cells in vitro, which also implied that it needed a comprehensive evaluation in preclinical researches before introducing Celecoxib into the clinical regimen.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8952999f0d89444a97409a7b250f3a72", "input": "Question: Is dACT1 involved in human placenta development by promoting Wnt signaling?\nAnswer: DACT1 might play an important role in human placenta development via promoting Wnt signaling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-af327ea088d84837ae429d18c05c42a3", "input": "Question: Do ileal neuroendocrine tumors show elevated activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex?\nAnswer: mTOR is overexpressed in ileal NETs. Additionally, the loss of ATRX expression was registered, thus underlying a tumorigenic role in a subgroup of these tumors. To enable potential therapeutic application of mTOR inhibitors, further trials with larger study groups are needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9fcfd8a61db46f2a83af39ea46ba196", "input": "Question: Does core needle biopsy of breast cancer tumors increase distant metastases in a mouse model?\nAnswer: CNB creates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, increases EMT, and facilitates release of CTCs, all of which likely contribute to the observed increase in development of distant metastases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f00b94d5ccd44ac876284852defa959", "input": "Question: Is hAP1 gene expression associated with radiosensitivity in breast cancer cells?\nAnswer: The present study indicated that HAP1 gene expression was related to the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells and may play an important role in the regulation of cellular radiosensitivity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6a165a94bb574021a42d848f4474c4c2", "input": "Question: Does patient-conducted anodal transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex alleviate pain in trigeminal neuralgia?\nAnswer: Anodal tDCS over two weeks ameliorates intensity of pain in TN. It may become a valuable treatment option for patients unresponsive to conventional treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1295727378874bc4bc0ea99ceda139cc", "input": "Question: Does targeting high mobility group box protein 1 ameliorate testicular inflammation in experimental autoimmune orchitis?\nAnswer: HMGB1 appears to be involved in regulating inflammatory reactions in testes, as HMGB1 is translocated from testicular cells during the course of EAO and blocking its action by ethyl pyruvate (EP) reduces disease progression and spermatogenic damage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3a37da0b7cd74c1d96422258c2c81dcd", "input": "Question: Are reclassification rates higher among African American men than Caucasians on active surveillance?\nAnswer: AA men with VLR prostate cancer followed on AS are at significantly higher risk of grade reclassification compared with Caucasians. Therefore, if the goal of AS is to selectively monitor men with low-grade disease, AA men may require alternate selection criteria.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b07b451ac534240a3accf028fff6749", "input": "Question: Does pulmonary rehabilitation during induction chemoradiotherapy for lung cancer improve pulmonary function?\nAnswer: A pulmonary rehabilitation program for patients with non-small cell lung cancer undergoing induction chemoradiotherapy seems to improve respiratory function. It is particularly recommended for smokers and patients with respiratory impairment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-41c67f31aa7e4165a90e1c8661773a53", "input": "Question: Is chronic central serous chorioretinopathy associated with genetic variants implicated in age-related macular degeneration?\nAnswer: Chronic CSC is associated with genetic variants in ARMS2 and CFH, indicating a genetic and pathophysiologic overlap between cCSC and AMD. Intriguingly, alleles in ARMS2 and CFH that confer risk of AMD may be protective for cCSC, and alleles in CFH that are protective for AMD confer risk for cCSC. Significant differences in allele frequencies were found among the phenotypic subgroups for several SNPs, illustrating the importance of correct clinical classification.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae738a842ba645e3a7b719863e76bfb7", "input": "Question: Do genetic variations of IL17F and IL23A show associations with Beh\u00e7et 's disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome?\nAnswer: High gene copy numbers of IL17F and IL23A were associated with BD and VKH syndrome. Enhanced IL17F protein production and PBMC proliferation were associated with high IL17F copy numbers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-022f98630aea4b2baa68194bb43c27f2", "input": "Question: Do [ Recovery of maxillary tooth sensibility after Le Fort I osteotomy ]?\nAnswer: Among the teeth that were sensitive before surgery, 87.3 % had not regained sensitivity at D2. The recovery of sensitivity increased at D15. A great displacement of the maxillary bone was an aggravating factor for loss of tooth sensitivity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a3b7d274a4444499fe403dd123f368f", "input": "Question: Does echogenicity of medium-to-large carotid plaques predict future vascular events?\nAnswer: The association between echogenicity of carotid plaque and incident vascular events is dependent on the plaque size. Echolucent medium-to-large plaques, but not small plaques, are associated with the risk of future total cardiovascular events. This finding suggests that measurement of echolucency in medium-to-large carotid plaques may improve selection of patients at high risk for total vascular events.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3170bb14c2b349d9b930be45786dc9e6", "input": "Question: Is sTin2 VNTR polymorphism associated with comorbid tobacco use and mood disorders?\nAnswer: The STin2.12 allele is positively and the STin2.10/10 genotype is negatively associated with comorbid TUD and mood disorders, depression or bipolar depression, suggesting that biological endophenotypes, e.g. disorders in serotonin metabolism, may in part underpin this comorbidity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6c5eda33f18b41d3a17add3241bb4317", "input": "Question: Do mesalazine and thymoquinone attenuate intestinal tumour development in Msh2 ( loxP/loxP ) Villin-Cre mice?\nAnswer: Mesalazine and thymoquinone reduce tumour incidence and multiplicity in Msh2(loxP/loxP) Villin-Cre mice by reduction of MSI independent of a functional mismatch repair system. Both substances are candidate compounds for chemoprevention in Lynch syndrome mutation carriers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-be36d7faa84345a98c06be716d5554c4", "input": "Question: Does infusion of human embryonic kidney cell line conditioned medium reverse kainic acid induced hippocampal damage in mice?\nAnswer: Our present data demonstrate for the first time that infusion of HEK cells/HEK-CM can prevent excitotoxic hippocampal damage and alleviate consequent behavioral abnormalities.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0767d4dbfedf4243ac09eae77817c980", "input": "Question: Is low transferrin saturation associated with impaired fasting glucose and insulin resistance in the South Korean adults : the 2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey?\nAnswer: Lower transferrin saturations were associated with an increased risk of impaired fasting glucose and insulin resistance among general South Korean population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d0d3046ea074558bd30d702781a2854", "input": "Question: Does maternal nutrition induce gene expression changes in fetal muscle and adipose tissues in sheep?\nAnswer: These findings provide evidence that maternal nutrition during pregnancy can alter the programming of fetal muscle and fat tissues in sheep. The ramifications of the observed gene expression changes, in terms of postnatal growth, body composition, and meat quality of the offspring, warrant future investigation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aada24e9de1f4936ad207457f0a8a5ed", "input": "Question: Is premature ejaculation associated with glycemic control in Type 1 diabetes?\nAnswer: Our results show a similar prevalence of PE in young male patients with Type 1 diabetes and in the age-matched control population; in diabetic patients with PE, a higher glycemic variability in the hypoglycemic domain is significantly associated with the PEDT score.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3494013e35294b608111aa411c100543", "input": "Question: Is myocardial scar characteristics based on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging associated with ventricular tachyarrhythmia in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy?\nAnswer: A relatively large peri-infarction mass is associated with sustained VT and/or appropriate ICD therapy, whereas age and lower LVEF are associated with mortality. CMR based tissue characterization could aid in the prediction of specific outcome measures and in clinical decision making.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b910787dd63449e920654b88ad98692", "input": "Question: Does institutional patient-specific IMRT QA predict unacceptable plan delivery?\nAnswer: IMRT QA is not a reasonable replacement for a credentialing phantom. Moreover, the particularly poor agreement between IMRT QA and the IROC Houston phantoms highlights surprising inconsistency in the QA process.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e6b726d2fc542a3a8b21a3eaa67e7d6", "input": "Question: Is depression a consistent syndrome : An investigation of unique symptom patterns in the STAR*D study?\nAnswer: Symptoms were dichotomized to construct symptom profiles. Many subjects enrolled in STAR*D reported medical conditions for which prescribed medications may have affected symptom presentation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-08d470b58a9047e499bbee07d51a8249", "input": "Question: Does canals of Hering loss relate to the progression of the histological stages of primary biliary cirrhosis?\nAnswer: The number of CoH was low in early stages and further decreased with stage progression in PBC. CoH loss, reflecting a reduced supply of progenitor cells to the biliary tree, may be involved in the histological progression of PBC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-859b24585eda4b11a43a911a2cae504d", "input": "Question: Does transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation modulate tinnitus-related beta- and gamma-band activity?\nAnswer: We conclude that tVNS was successful in modulating tinnitus-related beta- and gamma-band activity and thus could have potential as a treatment method for tinnitus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-56d63f95ca7b4189889c724266a5e69c", "input": "Question: Does lysophosphatidylserine have Bilateral Effects on Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis?\nAnswer: LysoPS may have proatherosclerotic properties in the setting of foam cell formation as well as antiatherosclerotic effects on inflammation in macrophages.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-62815a7567484e40a634a057333b4b57", "input": "Question: Does early experience with a new three-dimensional annuloplasty ring for the treatment of functional tricuspid regurgitation?\nAnswer: Tricuspid valve repair with the Contour 3D annuloplasty ring can be performed with a low rate of residual TR at hospital discharge, a low reoperation rate, and with an excellent early functional outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-105a4be8e0c548ffa8efaac17416c195", "input": "Question: Is human cytomegalovirus infection associated with essential hypertension in Kazakh and Han Chinese populations?\nAnswer: CMV infection is associated with essential hypertension in Kazakh males and Hans in Xinjiang. CMV seropositivity is associated with hypertension in Kazakh males, and CMV antibody titers are associated with blood pressure and hypertension in Han males and females. Moreover, the CMV gB2+gB3 genotype mixture is associated independently with essential hypertension in Kazakh females.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e45f9f5bada4bb1beb8fba18bd9b3f3", "input": "Question: Is gut microbiome composition associated with temperament during early childhood?\nAnswer: Differences in gut microbiome composition, including alpha diversity, beta diversity, and abundances of specific bacterial species, were observed in association with temperament in toddlers. This study was cross-sectional and observational and, therefore, does not permit determination of the causal direction of effects. However, if bidirectional brain-gut relationships are present in humans in early life, this may represent an opportunity for intervention relevant to physical as well as mental health disorders.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-53bc8be56fa746608f506225f2a8df0b", "input": "Question: Is siglec-10 associated with survival and natural killer cell dysfunction in hepatocellular carcinoma?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that Siglec-10 is associated with decreased survival and impaired NK cell function in human HCC. This process may function via the CD24-Siglec-10 interaction, which may represent a therapeutic target in HCC patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cbe912819b81409d9747a8194078a3d9", "input": "Question: Does alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist GTS-21 mitigate isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in aged rats?\nAnswer: The study demonstrated that pretreatment with \u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist GTS-21 attenuates isoflurane-induced learning and memory impairment in aged rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca183371f8d84d9bbddb00709433d3ac", "input": "Question: Does honokiol affect melanoma cell growth by targeting the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway?\nAnswer: The results suggest that HNK can target melanoma cells and mark them for cell death through AMPK signaling. Further studies are warranted for developing HNK as an effective chemopreventive/therapeutic agent in melanoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6659f227adec4b65a1334e82f58cae78", "input": "Question: Do dexamethasone intravitreal implant as adjunct therapy for patients with wet age-related macular degeneration with incomplete response to ranibizumab?\nAnswer: DXI appears to be effective in vision stabilisation, decreasing IRF/SRF and improvement of CRT in eyes with refractory wet AMD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-10d586cf79434f6ca3353b57e775b5bc", "input": "Question: Is shorter time to target temperature associated with poor neurologic outcome in post-arrest patients treated with targeted temperature management?\nAnswer: In this multicenter cohort of post-arrest TTM patients, shorter induction time was associated with poor neurologic outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bad7fdfd5a3942c295376230bf315f7a", "input": "Question: Do lipopolysaccharide and cytokines inhibit rat cardiomyocyte contractility in vitro?\nAnswer: Prolonged exposure of ARVM to a mixture of LPS and inflammatory cytokines inhibits cell contractility. The effect is mediated by the inhibition of Ca(2+) influx via LTCC, and partially opposed by the inhibition of Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange. Because both mechanisms are commonly seen in animal models of SIC, we conclude that prolonged challenge with Cytomix-100 of ARVM may represent an accurate in vitro model for SIC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1620e6444764b3db0be656f9c4a9e97", "input": "Question: Does wogonin modulate hydroperoxide-induced apoptosis via PI3K/Akt pathway in retinal pigment epithelium cells?\nAnswer: Our study showed that wogonin pre-treatment can protect RPE cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis. This suggests potential effect of wogonin in the prevention of retinal diseases associated with H2O2-induced oxidative stress such as AMD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f6faef7b435d4a189659cc2198c77aae", "input": "Question: Do trends in outpatient MRI seem to reflect recent reimbursement cuts?\nAnswer: Although the majority of Medicare outpatient MRI studies had previously been performed in private offices, recent years brought a shift, with more now being performed in HOPDs. This change will increase costs to payers, because reimbursements to HOPDs are generally higher than those to offices. Although radiologists perform the majority of MRI exams that are conducted in private offices, the rate of growth for such exams from 2002 to 2012 was considerably higher among orthopedic surgeons and other physicians than among radiologists.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ebc4a532f62e436bad13c81faa9eb1ce", "input": "Question: Is acute kidney injury independently associated with higher mortality after cardiac surgery?\nAnswer: More than 28% of the patients undergoing elective or subacute cardiac surgery developed AKI in this contemporary cohort. Furthermore, acute kidney injury was an independent predictor of increased mortality irrespective of the perioperative risk factors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a4a3f6b818d74b04a645fc643659fd17", "input": "Question: Is the level of RECQL1 expression a prognostic factor for epithelial ovarian cancer?\nAnswer: These results suggest that RECQL1 is a prognostic factor for EOC and that RECQL1 contributes to potential malignancy by inhibiting apoptosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-56868e23abd54d9d810bc7f26bdea260", "input": "Question: Do [ Clinical significance of continuous thrombocytopenia in predicting sepsis after severe burn ]?\nAnswer: Duration of thrombocytopenia within PBD 10 is one of the risk factors for sepsis in severely burned patients, which can reflect pathophysiological changes in the body, thus providing predictive value for the occurrence of sepsis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-050b247345f345e3aa34380289d180b8", "input": "Question: Does increased pulsatility of the intracranial blood flow spectral waveform on transcranial Doppler point to peripheral arterial disease in stroke patients?\nAnswer: Our findings indicate that PAD cannot be inferred from intracranial flow parameters predictive of arterial disease and risk factors such as hypertension among patients with acute cerebral ischemia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e82f049b71f44a79cfde1caed40a125", "input": "Question: Is serum level of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein lower in children with idiopathic scoliosis than in non-scoliotic controls?\nAnswer: COMP was lower in children with idiopathic scoliosis than in a control cohort. In children with scoliosis, high COMP was modestly correlated with high growth velocity, but not with curve severity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8b78bfef6414d948681205921682571", "input": "Question: Do society of Thoracic Surgeons score predicts kidney injury in patients not undergoing bypass surgery?\nAnswer: The STS score is an effective tool for predicting AKI in patients with coronary artery disease who have not undergone CABG. Frequent monitoring of serum creatinine level or early application of AKI biomarkers are warranted for STS renal failure 5.7% or greater.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dad7e5d8ddb94dcf9d96388ab29ec01f", "input": "Question: Is penile Doppler ultrasound in men with stuttering priapism and sickle cell disease -- a labile baseline diastolic velocity a characteristic finding?\nAnswer: Men with SP had a unique baseline Doppler ultrasound waveform, with a low PR waveform and an elevated, variable cavernosal artery velocity. We propose that this may be the sonographic manifestation of a reduced, fluctuating smooth muscle tone and that PDU may have a role for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of SP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-36fb6a0e3fc64a6f825ec607a85cfc78", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore restore the cardioprotection by postconditioning in diabetic hearts?\nAnswer: The loss of cardioprotection by IPostC in diabetic state can be overcome by increasing the potency of protective IPostC through its co-application with mPTP inhibition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e58ed2657754a9081803b30be1645b9", "input": "Question: Is botulinum injection useless on fibrotic neuropathic bladders?\nAnswer: Despite its worldwide usage and FDA approval, studies on the effectiveness of botulinumtoxin A on neuropathic bladders in children are controversial. There are now numerous studies attesting to the good results of BoNTA in neuropathic detrusor overactivity; however, only scarce reports comment on the specific features of the disease process among patients and reasons for failure in some. In our study, reviewing the urodynamic findings carefully, it was observed that the patients who did not respond to injections were the ones with no contractions, despite high pressures and low compliance. Therefore, describing the indications of BoNTA as neuropathic detrusor overactivity and urinary incontinence despite anticholinergic medications may lead to mistreatment of patients in the decompensated phase of a hyper-reflexive detrusor. Pretreatment urodynamic evaluation might be a good indicator, without biopsies, of estimating the degree of fibrosis and the patients who will benefit from the injection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-18b2aef79ed34f09a499a3346115c291", "input": "Question: Is red blood cell distribution width a significant prognostic marker in advanced heart failure , independent of hemoglobin levels?\nAnswer: RDW is a significant prognostic factor for an adverse outcome in patients with advanced stage heart failure who have experienced recent decompensation, independent of the presence of anemia or malnutrition, and is superior to more traditionally used indices. RDW may be associated with severe disease by reflecting subtle metabolic and proinflammatory abnormalities in HF.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d6b96afaf84f4d5bb4a9c187271092fa", "input": "Question: Is continued growth in emergency department imaging bucking the overall trends?\nAnswer: Despite the cessation of overall utilization growth of the various modalities in recent years, ED utilization rates continued to increase. The greatest increases, in terms of accrued new examinations per 1,000, were seen in CT and XR. This suggests that radiologists and ED physicians need to work together to better manage imaging utilization.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3614fca6a5c42a8ae53b878f65ca7cf", "input": "Question: Is cD100 up-regulation induced by interferon-\u03b1 on B cells related to hepatitis C virus infection?\nAnswer: Peripheral B cells show an activated phenotype during chronic HCV infection. Moreover, IFN-\u03b1 therapy facilitates the reversion of disrupted B cell homeostasis, and up-regulated expression of CD100 may be indirectly related to HCV clearance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3793e84994ee44e089aac39568b2219e", "input": "Question: Does a HIF-1 network reveal characteristics of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in acute promyelocytic leukemia?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that pathways related to EMT-like processes can be implicated also in hematological malignancies besides solid tumors, and can identify specific AML sub-types.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb1341a1a2334728824ee406d0278722", "input": "Question: Are nonsense mutations in BAG3 associated with early-onset dilated cardiomyopathy in French Canadians?\nAnswer: Screening an extended panel of 41 candidate genes allowed us to identify probable pathogenic mutations in 69% of families with DCM in our cohort of mostly French-Canadian patients. We confirmed the prevalence of TTN nonsense mutations in DCM. Furthermore, to our knowledge, we are the first to present an association between nonsense mutations in BAG3 and early-onset DCM.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef7a9d0b506e4949b4de12f86d6dbc89", "input": "Question: Are bone-related Parameters the Main Prognostic Factors for Overall Survival in Men with Bone Metastases from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer?\nAnswer: The median (95% confidence interval) overall survival was 20 (18, 21) mo. The final model included 12 of the 15 potential prognostic variables evaluated (concordance index 0.72). Seven bone-related variables were associated with longer survival in the final model: alkaline phosphatase \u2264143 U/l (p<0.0001); bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) <146 U/l (p<0.0001); corrected urinary N-telopeptide (uNTx) \u226450 nmol/mmol (p=0.0008); mild or no pain (Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form [BPI-SF] score \u22644) (p<0.0001); no previous skeletal-related event (SRE; p=0.0002); longer time from initial diagnosis to first bone metastasis (p<0.0001); and longer time from first bone metastasis to randomization (p<0.0001). Other significant predictors of improved survival included prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level <10 ng/ml (p<0.0001), hemoglobin >128g/l (p<0.0001), absence of visceral metastases (p<0.0001), Eastern Co-operative Oncology Group (ECOG) score \u22641 (p=0.017), and younger age (p=0.008). Nomograms were generated based on the parameters included in the final validated models (with/without uNTx and BSAP). One limitation was that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, a known prognostic factor, were not available in this study.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-34b24bd1b1fb4aeb9690bf4c2aedb4d3", "input": "Question: Does improving disease incidence estimate in primary care surveillance systems?\nAnswer: Post-stratification using external administrative data may improve incidence estimates in surveillance systems based on voluntary participation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cf0a1c6bd75f48429e4e928d817c59c9", "input": "Question: Do subtoxic levels of hydrogen peroxide induce brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression to protect PC12 cells?\nAnswer: Based on our results, we conclude that the induction of BDNF by subtoxic levels of H2O2 and its signaling may have roles in PC12 cell protection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a99a678a48f47b0905fe83465480ba0", "input": "Question: Is bIIDXI , the At4g32460 DUF642 gene , involved in pectin methyl esterase regulation during Arabidopsis thaliana seed germination and plant development?\nAnswer: Our results suggested that the DUF642 family contributes to the complexity of the methylesterification process by participating in the fine regulation of pectin status during plant development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-70497796120f4ad98d46ecc3b125dd3a", "input": "Question: Is persistent arm pain distinct from persistent breast pain following breast cancer surgery?\nAnswer: For persistent breast and arm pain, changes in sensation following breast cancer surgery were notable. Persistent arm pain was associated with sustained interference with daily functioning and upper body mobility impairments. Long-term management of persistent pain following breast cancer surgery is warranted to improve the quality of survivorship for these women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a0c1eced9f334b6799890752bf4272d2", "input": "Question: Is persistent breast pain following breast cancer surgery associated with persistent sensory changes , pain interference , and functional impairments?\nAnswer: Subgroups of women with persistent postsurgical breast pain differed primarily with respect to the severity rather than the nature or underlying mechanisms of breast pain. Pervasive sensory loss and the association between persistent breast pain and sustained interference with function suggest the need for long-term clinical follow-up.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d36ce32fb1424f6da345bfd2e8b49451", "input": "Question: Does up-regulation of FOXM1 by E6 oncoprotein through the MZF1/NKX2-1 axis is require for human papillomavirus-associated tumorigenesis?\nAnswer: Induction of FOXM1 by E6 oncoprotein through the MZF1/NKX2-1 axis may be responsible for HPV 16/18-mediated tumor progression and poor outcomes in HPV-positive patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d76a4d5624948ccb56ae521a559b5b5", "input": "Question: Is use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist trigger during in vitro fertilization associated with similar endocrine profiles and oocyte measures in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome?\nAnswer: The similar post-GnRHa trigger hormone profiles and mature oocyte yield support the routine use of GnRHa trigger to prevent OHSS in women with PCOS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a973bc417076443d9ca05a4a3c44c941", "input": "Question: Do laparoscopy for small bowel obstruction in children -- an update?\nAnswer: Laparoscopy continues to be a safe diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the management of pediatric SBO.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a42515794a4341fbae3f8e61ce1b307a", "input": "Question: Is first trimester cervical length associated with mid-trimester loss?\nAnswer: First trimester endocervix is significantly shorter in women destined to miscarry between 16 and 24 weeks. In low risk singleton pregnancies, first trimester CL can be useful in predicting second trimester miscarriage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-47f89a23c2f7420d80ef0a5b27cac34d", "input": "Question: Do inflammatory cytokines epigenetically regulate rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocyte activation by suppressing HDAC5 expression?\nAnswer: Inflammatory cytokines suppress RA FLS HDAC5 expression, promoting nuclear localisation of IRF1 and transcription of a subset of type I interferon response genes. Our results identify HDAC5 as a novel inflammatory mediator in RA, and suggest that strategies rescuing HDAC5 expression in vivo, or the development of HDAC inhibitors not affecting HDAC5 activity, may have therapeutic applications in RA treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a454116d641043709c73e5fa8deb5cb2", "input": "Question: Does serum \u03b1-hydroxybutyrate ( \u03b1-HB ) predict elevated 1 h glucose levels and early-phase \u03b2-cell dysfunction during OGTT?\nAnswer: Fasting serum \u03b1-HB levels predicted elevated 1\u2005h glucose during OGTT, potentially due to impaired insulin secretion kinetics. This association persisted even in patients with an otherwise normal insulin-glucose homeostasis. Measuring serum \u03b1-HB could thus provide a rapid, inexpensive screening tool for detecting early subclinical hyperglycemia, \u03b2-cell dysfunction, and increased risk for diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd40002a6f274664abfeeef7e92131bc", "input": "Question: Does age at diagnosis predict deterioration in glycaemic control among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes?\nAnswer: Older diagnostic age and black race are major risk factors for deterioration in glycemic control early in the course of T1DM. These findings can inform efforts to explore the reasons behind these differences and develop preventive interventions for high-risk patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-512613ef3bd5469abd9edd7495913a2e", "input": "Question: Is cerebral inflammation an underlying mechanism of early death in Alzheimer 's disease : a 13-year cause-specific multivariate mortality study?\nAnswer: This is the first study to link neuroinflammation independently to early death in AD and, hence, a rapidly progressing disease. Frontal and medial temporal atrophies and low cognition were also significant predictors. These are probably downstream biomarkers that reflect neuronal degeneration and late-stage disease. Our results suggest that inflammation, and not amyloid or tau pathology, is an independent underlying mechanism in the malignancy of AD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd9e2cc5add34214a67ce3f1be708935", "input": "Question: Is mitochondria inheritance a key factor for tolerance to dehydration in wine yeast production?\nAnswer: In modern oenology, yeast starters are employed to inoculate grape juice, usually in the form of active dry yeast (ADY). The dehydration process implies stressful conditions that lead to oxidative damage. Other yeast species and interspecific hybrids other than Saccharomyces cerevisiae may be used to confer novel properties to the final product. However, these yeasts are usually more sensitive to drying. Understanding the causes of oxidative stress tolerance is therefore necessary for developing the use of these organisms in industry. This study indicates the impact of mitochondrial DNA inheritance for oxidative stress resistance in an interspecific context using isogenic Saccharomyces cerevisiae \u00d7 Saccharomyces uvarum hybrids.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4df074fa3a574519a86707a40ce86f66", "input": "Question: Does catecholamine release induce elevation in plasma lactate levels in patients undergoing adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma?\nAnswer: Catecholamine release caused by surgical manipulation may be a possible cause of intraoperative transient lactic acidosis, and it should be considered as a differential diagnosis of intraoperative lactic acidosis. Intraoperative peak plasma lactate level was correlated with preoperative epinephrine-releasing activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef930adbad82412f86e21ecb3a5eddac", "input": "Question: Does automated voxel-based analysis of volumetric dynamic contrast-enhanced CT data improve measurement of serial changes in tumor vascular biomarkers?\nAnswer: Parametric voxel-based analysis of 4D DCE CT data resulted in greater accuracy and reliability in measuring changes in perfusion CT-based kinetic metrics, which have the potential to be used as biomarkers in patients with metastatic brain cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6444fac351da4fd7afe1897695f38927", "input": "Question: Does receipt of diabetes preventive services differ by insurance status at visit?\nAnswer: Lack of insurance is associated with a lower probability of receiving recommended services that are due during a clinic visit. Thus, the association between being uninsured and receiving fewer preventive services may not be completely mediated by access to clinic visits.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-119b16a6b9194103915f2e700a65eed2", "input": "Question: Is cytogenetic low-dose hyperradiosensitivity observed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes?\nAnswer: These data provide the first cytogenetic evidence for the existence of HRS in human cells irradiated in G2 and suggest that LNT models may not always be optimal for making radiation risk assessments at low doses.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c05cf0b7ff864b6fb52e03baf988e5a0", "input": "Question: Is spleen-preserving surgery effective for the treatment of spleen cystic echinococcosis?\nAnswer: The spleen-saving approach is likely an effective method for the removal of CE spleen cysts given that it is a quick procedure and preserves the function of the spleen. Total splenectomy procedures may be performed particularly for larger, centrally located cysts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f51043186a6a4324bbf69593d05f4256", "input": "Question: Does exome sequencing identify novel ApoB loss-of-function mutations causing hypobetalipoproteinemia in type 1 diabetes?\nAnswer: The identification of ApoB loss-of-function mutations in type 1 diabetic patients presents innovative cases to study the interaction between hypobetalipoproteinemia and insulin deficiency.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-26a6d614d5e8405290a15da56df00759", "input": "Question: Does percent reduction of growth hormone levels correlate closely with percent resected tumor volume in acromegaly?\nAnswer: Densely granulated somatotropinomas produce more GH per mass of tumor than do sparsely granulated tumors. Each GH-secreting tumor has its own intrinsic level of GH production per mass of tumor, which is homogeneous over the tumor mass, and which varies greatly between tumors. In most patients the fraction of a GH-secreting tumor removed by surgery can be accurately estimated by simply comparing plasma GH levels after surgery to those before surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c48e56fe46d24ffca8403d9fe6eb1c4b", "input": "Question: Does stochastic modeling suggest that noise reduces differentiation efficiency by inducing a heterogeneous drug response in glioma differentiation therapy?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrated that targeting the noise-induced dynamics of cyclin D1 during glioma differentiation therapy can increase anti-glioma effects, implying that noise is a considerable factor in assessing and optimizing anti-cancer drug interventions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a0a34f58ec904b008441f242764a2789", "input": "Question: Is peer-instructed seminar attendance associated with improved preparation , deeper learning and higher exam scores : a survey study?\nAnswer: Discussion with well-prepared peers during seminars improves student perceptions of deeper learning and peer-instructed seminar attendance was associated with higher exam scores.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a15410f1e394a8aa251c09f30b5ee5d", "input": "Question: Is elevated plasma heparin-binding protein associated with early death after resuscitation from cardiac arrest?\nAnswer: Elevated plasma levels of HBP at ICU admission were independently associated with early death in ICU.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac906e7a73c54a05b641d27f916f4690", "input": "Question: Do patient-oncologist alliance and psychosocial well-being in Chinese society strongly affect cancer management adherence with cancer of unknown primary?\nAnswer: Stronger patient-oncologist alliance may foster enhanced adherence to treatment and follow-up screening in patients with CUP. Patient-oncologist alliance seems affected by socioeconomic factors and psychosocial well-being in the Chinese sociocultural settings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a5f9180960842a88c6d55eca8405b3a", "input": "Question: Is canalization of gene expression a major signature of regulatory cold adaptation in temperate Drosophila melanogaster?\nAnswer: The analysis of the transcriptional cold shock response most prominently reveals an upregulation of components of a general stress response, which is conserved over many taxa and triggered by a plethora of stressors. Despite the overall response being fairly similar in both populations, there is a definite excess of genes with a strong cold-induced fold-change in Africa. This is consistent with a detrimental deregulation or an overshooting stress response. Thus, the canalization of European gene expression might be responsible for the increased cold tolerance of European flies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-79745130ccb84975a64a4e60a22e03cc", "input": "Question: Is use of antibiotics associated with lower enterolactone plasma concentration?\nAnswer: Use of antibiotics up to 12 months before enrollment was associated with lower plasma enterolactone levels, especially among women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-75bcbff07dd04fc8b8191d280496f84c", "input": "Question: Is malonate as a ROS product associated with pyruvate carboxylase activity in acute myeloid leukaemia cells?\nAnswer: This study extends the interest in the PC activity in solid cancers to include leukaemias and further demonstrates the value of tracer-based NMR approaches in generating a more accurate picture of the flow of carbons and metabolites within the increasingly inappropriately named Krebs cycle. Moreover, our studies indicate that the PC activity in cancer cells can be exploited as an Achilles heel by using treatments, such as BaP, that elevate ROS production.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5c788ec5b2df4dac82ae5f2d97132783", "input": "Question: Do sLCO1B1 gene polymorphisms influence plasma rifampicin concentrations in a South Indian population?\nAnswer: This is the first study to show that rs11045819, rs4149032 and rs4149033 polymorphisms in the SLCO1B1 gene did not influence RMP concentrations in Indian patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c6e59a1ff1864ed5ab4ceec208096af3", "input": "Question: Are chronic respiratory disease and high altitude associated with depressive symptoms in four diverse settings?\nAnswer: We found a high prevalence of depressive symptoms, and a positive association between depressive symptoms with CRD and with living at altitude, both of which cause chronic hypoxia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dfa3df4d281c48ce82e9e62e1c48f563", "input": "Question: Are pro-atherogenic mediators and subclinical atherogenesis related to epicardial adipose tissue thickness in patients with cardiovascular risk?\nAnswer: EAT thickness was associated with MDA, CIMT, age, waist circumference, HDL-C and FS globally, but with NO only in patients with FS\u226520. EAT may be used to identify vascular damage stage, possibly influenced by MDA and type 2 diabetes mellitus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a6b64ec1661a40d58f8fc6ea5e43a614", "input": "Question: Does oscillatory Characteristics of the Vocal fold Across the Tenor Passaggio?\nAnswer: Epilaryngeal constrictions should be considered typical for tenors singing at high fundamental frequencies. Vocal fold oscillatory patterns are changing not only for the register shift from modal to falsetto but also for the transition from modal to SVaP, indicating a need for laryngeal adjustments during these transitions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-af1450a3b6164c3aabe35916f804499c", "input": "Question: Does tobacco smoking differently influence cell types of the innate and adaptive immune system-indications from CpG site methylation?\nAnswer: Studying cell type-specific methylation changes provides helpful information regarding the biological relevance of epigenetic modifications. Here, we could show that smoking differently affects both cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f4c949059216469bbb917cb1f94ae6ef", "input": "Question: Does mobile and Wearable Device feature that Matter in Promoting Physical Activity?\nAnswer: Level of engagement with the Fitbit One, particularly the mobile app, was associated with increased steps. Mobile apps can instantly display summaries of PA performance and could optimize self-regulation to activate change. More research is needed to determine whether such modalities might be cost-effective in future intervention research and practice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-78b2b55e68de4cdaa2d07cef9c27c111", "input": "Question: Does miR-221 mediate Chemoresistance of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma by Direct Targeting of DKK2 Expression?\nAnswer: MiR-221 controls 5-FU resistance of EC partly via modulation of Wnt/\u03b2-catenin-EMT pathways by direct targeting of DKK2 expression. MiR-221 may serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for patients with 5-FU resistant EAC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0ee0c0a71a4f4c1b82ac2a00d606e4bd", "input": "Question: Is inhibition of mTORs Catalytic Site by PKI-587 a Promising Therapeutic Option for Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Disease?\nAnswer: PI3K/mTOR dual targeting is a promising new therapeutic approach in neuroendocrine tumor disease that should be evaluated in further clinical trials.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cdff1585a3bd4df9b9b2127a954c469a", "input": "Question: Does nT-proBNP and Echocardiographic Parameters for Prediction of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with CKD stage G2-G4?\nAnswer: Our data confirm NT-proBNP is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in patients with CKD. The additional use of echocardiography for improvement of risk stratification is not supported by our results.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3ddd32c821848adbaf99f737973b5d7", "input": "Question: Does protein phosphatase 5 mediate corticosteroid insensitivity in airway smooth muscle in patients with severe asthma?\nAnswer: PP5-dependent impairment of GR\u03b1 function represents a novel mechanism driving GC insensitivity in ASM in severe asthma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-73213eeb76da453e8359e7135545f5d5", "input": "Question: Does fecal Immunochemical Test detect Sessile Serrated Adenomas and Polyps With a Low Level of Sensitivity?\nAnswer: In a prospective study of 6198 subjects receiving the FIT and colonoscopy, we found that the FIT detected SSA/Ps with significantly lower levels of sensitivity than conventional adenoma. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of these findings on the effectiveness of FIT-based colorectal cancer screening program.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-834fcb3d016245eb8af1b47a21beca6a", "input": "Question: Do neuroprotective effects of Withania coagulans root extract on CA1 hippocampus following cerebral ischemia in rats?\nAnswer: WCE showed potent neuroprotective activity against oxidative stress-induced injuries caused by global cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion in rats probably by radical scavenging and antioxidant activities.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fb3077a25b5a419b8f6984e0a11881d6", "input": "Question: Is glycemic variability evaluated by continuous glucose monitoring system associated with the 10-y cardiovascular risk of diabetic patients with well-controlled HbA1c?\nAnswer: GV predicts independently the 10-y CVD risk of T2DM patients with well-controlled HbA1c.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-76f4c4ad924b4a1bae884fbc42931046", "input": "Question: Does postnatal growth restriction augment oxygen-induced pulmonary hypertension in a neonatal rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia?\nAnswer: PNGR induces right ventricular and pulmonary vascular remodeling and augments the effects of oxygen in neonatal rats. This may be a powerful tool to investigate the mechanisms that induce PH in low-birth-weight preterm infants with BPD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ea26c0be7f54cdbaf803c7d22c36552", "input": "Question: Does low Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid-Beta Concentration be Associated with Poorer Delayed Memory Recall in Women?\nAnswer: CSF biomarkers correlate with delayed memory scores in CERAD-NB in women, and women may have more actual AD pathology at the time of the investigations than men.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-89a05efa4502440e86eb940b260b5179", "input": "Question: Does periodontitis promote the diabetic development of obese rat via miR-147 induced classical macrophage activation?\nAnswer: This study provided new evidence for the positive effect of periodontal inflammation on diabetic development, while the regulatory mechanism of miR-147 on classical macrophage activation, was verified, and presumed to contribute to the impaired glucose tolerance aggravated by periodontitis in obese rats. Besides, this study indicated the application of miR-147 for therapeutic approach in the treatment of diabetes with periodontitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f759077566d948eba59621b7f6836726", "input": "Question: Does geographical disparity in breast reconstruction following mastectomy have reduced over time?\nAnswer: Geographical barriers to accessing BR have reduced; however, continued monitoring and further research to inform strategies to further reduce subgroup disparities remain a priority.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-de901cb53b824d43aa49917be4a3427b", "input": "Question: Are high levels of serum vitamin D associated with a decreased risk of metabolic diseases in both men and women , but an increased risk for coronary artery calcification in Korean men?\nAnswer: High levels of serum vitamin D were associated with lower risk of MS, IR and FL in both Korean men and women, but were associated with higher risk of CAC only in men, and not in women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bc6cc879ba7a4ddea7b4e7f094b381ca", "input": "Question: Is progranulin increased in human and murine lipodystrophy?\nAnswer: Progranulin serum concentration is increased in patients with LD, and shows an independent and positive correlation with CRP. Different adipose tissue depots and muscle might be potential origins of elevated progranulin.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cdcdebb5dd584ac0a66b0ba28636007f", "input": "Question: Is catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism associated with increased risk of multiple uterine leiomyomas either positive or negative for MED12 exon 2 mutations?\nAnswer: Women with COMT Val/Val genotype are at high risk of developing multiple uterine fibroids either positive or negative for MED12 exon 2 mutations. These data are important to design new strategies for UL prophylaxis and treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a4f416d07094859bbb230687cca3028", "input": "Question: Does microRNA-29b Overexpression decrease Extracellular Matrix mRNA and Protein Production in Human Corneal Endothelial Cells?\nAnswer: Overexpression of miR-29b decreased ECM protein production in human corneal endothelial cells. Thus, miR-29 replacement therapy might be a new treatment strategy for FECD aimed at reducing pathologic production of ECM proteins in Descemet membrane.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e7d7030f5904b368b322e534dbc8188", "input": "Question: Do human spermatogonial stem cells display limited proliferation in vitro under mouse spermatogonial stem cell culture conditions?\nAnswer: We found that hSSCs show limited proliferation in\u00a0vitro under mSSC culture conditions. Coculture of HLA", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-701bf318d8db470c90c336b10dc517a2", "input": "Question: Does dual trigger for final oocyte maturation improve the oocyte retrieval rate of suboptimal responders to gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist?\nAnswer: Basal LH level was useful predictor of the suboptimal response to GnRH-a trigger. Administrating dual trigger including 1,000 IU hCG for final oocyte maturation could improve the oocytes retrieval rate of GnRH-a suboptimal responder.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2825fce61b5f4a709972e79ea857f6db", "input": "Question: Does autophagy protect human podocytes from high glucose-induced injury by preventing insulin resistance?\nAnswer: The presence or activation of autophagy was found to play a protective role in human podocytes against high glucose-induced insulin resistance and cell injury, which indicates a novel cellular mechanism and provides a potential therapeutic target for diabetic nephropathy (DN).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-997c991099a648ae9f062bcae3c73979", "input": "Question: Is apolipoprotein D deficiency associated to high bone turnover , low bone mass and impaired osteoblastic function in aged female mice?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that ApoD influences bone metabolism in mice in a gender-specific manner, potentially through an auto-/paracrine pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0296f87c74b141f39aaade3f6f4c78b6", "input": "Question: Does deep subcutaneous adipose tissue lipid unsaturation associate with intramyocellular lipid content?\nAnswer: DSAT and SSAT FA unsaturation shows distinct associations with obesity and IMCL in MZ twins, reflecting compartment-specific metabolic activities. The FA unsaturation in the DSAT depot associates inversely with IMCL content, which raises the possibility of cross talk between the DSAT depot and the rapid turnover IMCL depot.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f68ea86dfd5447f49e110056adfaf32b", "input": "Question: Does ischemic post-conditioning attenuate renal ischemic reperfusion injury via down-regulation of toll-like receptor 4 in diabetic rats?\nAnswer: Taken together, our results suggest that proper IPO may have protective effect on the ischemic injury mediated by renal I/R, which might be associated with inhibition of TLR4 signaling pathway in diabetic rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-439df338b48342db8a76539cd76b2b80", "input": "Question: Does human Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ameliorate Liver Fibrosis in Rats?\nAnswer: Transplantation of hAMSCs provided significant improvement in a rat model of liver fibrosis, possibly through the inhibition of Kupffer cell and hepatic stellate cell activation. hAMSCs may be a potential new treatment for liver fibrosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d906b873e53e4ff48022fe04cdfd127a", "input": "Question: Does cyclic Helix B Peptide in Preservation Solution and Autologous Blood Perfusate ameliorate Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Isolated Porcine Kidneys?\nAnswer: Cyclic helix B peptide administered into preservation and reperfusion solutions ameliorated renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, which might be associated with decreased apoptosis, inflammation and caspase-3, but increased HSP70. This novel preservation approach using CHBP may be applied in a porcine kidney transplant model and potential human donor kidney preservation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2471a9c5e44d44e69b2fcbb0a2f4e250", "input": "Question: Do rotavirus vaccines contribute towards universal health coverage in a mixed public-private healthcare system?\nAnswer: We propose that universal vaccination complements health financing reforms in strengthening Universal Health Coverage (UHC). ECEA provides an important tool to understand the implications of vaccination for UHC, beyond traditional considerations of economic efficiency.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f9e21ff7b3994e89ad363943aaec4b35", "input": "Question: Is elevated estimated arterial age associated with metabolic syndrome and low-grade inflammation?\nAnswer: Elevated eAA was associated with male sex, higher plasma glucose, and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and known CVD independently of age, SBP, and heart rate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1fb8b4fc47f14f3186e2bcd3b79db742", "input": "Question: Does metoclopramide unmask potentially misleading contralateral suppression in patients undergoing adrenal vein sampling for primary aldosteronism?\nAnswer: Metoclopramide does not enhance lateralization of aldosterone excess in APA, but consistently increased the value of RASI in non-APA cases, thus unmasking potentially misleading suppression of aldosterone. Postmetoclopramide RASI may therefore allow a more precise diagnosis when AVS can be achieved only unilaterally.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d34eeff0bf244087a8111a4e046f0699", "input": "Question: Are early angiographic changes of intra-aneurysmal flow after flow-diverter stent treatment predictive of therapeutic success?\nAnswer: Early angiographic changes after FDS placement are very frequent, but are not correlated with the 12-month technical success of flow-diversion techniques.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac7ebab07ccd4122863bc60c60d71cb4", "input": "Question: Does \u03b21-Adrenergic receptor Arg389Gly polymorphism affect the antiarrhythmic efficacy of flecainide in patients with coadministration of \u03b2-blockers?\nAnswer: The Gly389 polymorphism decreased the antiarrhythmic efficacy of flecainide when coadministered with \u03b2-blockers. The results indicate that the Arg389Gly polymorphism may play an important role in predicting the efficacy of flecainide in patients with coadministration of \u03b2-blockers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-56b8ed68599745f0b9a3a228c556d0bb", "input": "Question: Does cNTF attenuate Vasoproliferative Changes Through Upregulation of SOCS3 in a Mouse-Model of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy?\nAnswer: This study provides evidence for a therapeutic potential of CNTF beyond degenerative retinal disease. Vasoproliferative retinopathies may benefit from a CNTF-dependent and SOCS3-mediated angiomodulatory effect.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b986fdd88f5f435f8958fb3af240d445", "input": "Question: Is anti-apoptotic effect of interleukin-22 on fibroblast-like synoviocytes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis mediated via the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway?\nAnswer: IL-22 protects against SNP-induced apoptosis in RA-FLS by activating the STAT3 pathway and the downstream target gene, Bcl-2. Therefore, therapeutic strategies that target the IL-22/STAT3 pathway are implicated as candidates for RA treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cde1504564f743e2bdcb770abd681b79", "input": "Question: Do large-diameter total hip arthroplasty modular heads require greater assembly forces for initial stability?\nAnswer: This is the first study to show that 36\u2008mm Co-Cr heads have up to 20% lower pull-off connection strength compared with 28\u2008mm heads for equivalent assembly forces. This effect is likely to play a role in the high failure rates of large diameter MoM hips.Cite this article: A. R. MacLeod, N. P. T. Sullivan, M. R. Whitehouse, H. S. Gill. Large-diameter total hip arthroplasty modular heads require greater assembly forces for initial stability. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:338-346. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.58.BJR-2016-0044.R1.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d7181b34db3428b8f4f0474c9232d6c", "input": "Question: Do compound heterozygotes for filaggrin gene mutations always show severe atopic dermatitis?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that individuals with bi-allelic FLG mutations do not always have severe AD and confirm that not all individuals with bi-allelic FLG mutations have AD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-be0d3b7d3a2a42f4a8de3621dcdb52d9", "input": "Question: Do erythrocytes activate purified and platelet soluble guanylate cyclases even in conditions favourable for NO synthesis?\nAnswer: All our experiments demonstrate that RBCs act as strong NO scavengers and prevent NO-mediated inhibition of activated platelets. In all tested conditions, RBCs were not able to activate platelet or purified sGC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d15e51b469e94ab79c8521e111707155", "input": "Question: Does visceral Hypersensitivity be Provoked by 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid-Induced Ileitis in Rats?\nAnswer: TNBS injection into the ileum induced transmural ileitis including granuloma and visceral hypersensitivity. As this model mimics clinical manifestations of CD, it may provide a road map to probe the pathogenesis of gut inflammation and visceral hypersensitivity, as well as for establishing the therapeutic protocol for Crohn's ileitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca6e5e6b411a422a8e77c1f972dab519", "input": "Question: Does met promote the formation of double minute chromosomes induced by Sei-1 in NIH-3T3 murine fibroblasts?\nAnswer: Met is an important promotor of DMs formation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-45ff32d6df5a455796249c6ed873f316", "input": "Question: Does serum proatrial natriuretic peptide increase with higher systolic blood pressure in obese men?\nAnswer: Contrary to known physiological BP responses, MR-proANP was negatively associated with ABP in our study. This suggests that a low amount of circulating NPs could play a role in the early stage of obesity-related hypertension.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6201e5f70e64421ba68b864fb0cc414a", "input": "Question: Does common variable immunodeficiency in adults require reserved protocols for long-term follow-up?\nAnswer: Early identification of complications and comorbidities in patients with CVID will significantly improve quality of life and survival. Close observation and standardized protocols for follow-up are essential components of management.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-44fe3fd7c2b442f3bdca85a0c57d99a2", "input": "Question: Is low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity in human hepatocellular HepG2 cells associated with Cdc25C-mediated G2/M cell cycle checkpoint control?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that low-dose HRS in HepG2 cells may be associated with Cdc25C-mediated G2/M cell cycle checkpoint control.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5606064cd8134177835cdd1ac9f12860", "input": "Question: Does apelin-13 infusion salvage the peri-infarct region to preserve cardiac function after severe myocardial injury?\nAnswer: A13 preserves cardiac performance by salvaging the peri-infarct region and may contribute to permanent restoration of the severely injured myocardium.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9036fdcd9c147afbfbc7acc6b93af4b", "input": "Question: Does surveillance provide insight into epidemiology and spectrum of culture-confirmed mycobacterial disease in children?\nAnswer: There has been a significant reduction in bacteriologically confirmed MDR-TB cases. The increase in RMP monoresistance has important implications for treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c14ddfc9e884541b24f64890f143015", "input": "Question: Do human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells protect against experimental colitis via CD5 ( + ) B regulatory cells?\nAnswer: HUC-MSCs protected against experimental colitis by boosting the numbers of CD5(+) B cells and IL-10-producing CD5(+) Bregs, and correcting Treg/Th17/Th1 imbalances.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d2629d0257ae48ed83f907563cb939bb", "input": "Question: Do accumbal \u03bc-Opioid Receptors Modulate Ethanol Intake in Alcohol-Preferring Alko Alcohol Rats?\nAnswer: The results provide further evidence for the role of accumbens shell \u03bc-opioid receptors but not \u03ba-opioid receptors in mediating reinforcing effects of EtOH and in regulating EtOH consumption. The results also provide support for views suggesting that the nucleus accumbens shell has a major role in mediating EtOH reward.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-49935e9aab734831923edd11b72955d6", "input": "Question: Does the Activity of Antimicrobial Surfaces vary by Testing Protocol Utilized?\nAnswer: Varying results between protocols suggested that efficacy of antimicrobial surfaces cannot be easily and reproducibly compared. Clinical use should be considered and further development of representative methods is needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b4e310bc2034efbb3ee0293af81b094", "input": "Question: Does hepaticoplasty prevent cholangitis after pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with small bile ducts?\nAnswer: The ratio of postoperative reduction of the bile duct diameter to that before surgery was found to be the only risk factor for cholangitis after PD. Patients with a small bile duct of \u226415\u00a0mm in diameter preoperatively might benefit from hepaticoplasty to widen the bile duct diameter and prevent cholangitis after PD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-499925e0b8b245ab9a7b7e40b734e2e7", "input": "Question: Does bacillus anthracis S-layer protein BslA bound to extracellular matrix by interacting with laminin?\nAnswer: These data demonstrated that laminin is a ligand for BslA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-34ba7c093eae40249c06c8b5ef8788ec", "input": "Question: Does [ be THERE A PLACE FOR VIA AND VILI IN OUR PRACTICE ]?\nAnswer: Both types of visual inspection of the uterine cervix are easy to accomplish, fast--the result is available at the moment of inspection, they do not require special equipment, the correlation between sensitivity and specificity is good and last but not least--they have low price. VIA and VILI have certain position in our practice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c858bf20984e4683b8d110a1c3fe2fd5", "input": "Question: Does intravenous Thrombolysis and pass of Thrombectomy as Predictors for Endovascular Revascularization in Ischemic Stroke?\nAnswer: ivT and lower passes of thrombectomy are associated with recanalization after ERT for ischemic stroke with proximal vessel occlusions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cab89ae7dbb54f2fbc8416a334200844", "input": "Question: Does metabolomic analysis of CSF indicate brain metabolic impairment precedes hematological indices of anemia in the iron-deficient infant monkey?\nAnswer: Metabolomic analysis of the CSF is sensitive for detecting the effects of pre-anemic ID on brain energy metabolism. Persistence of a lower PCr/Cr ratio at 8 months, even as hematological measures demonstrated recovery from anemia, indicate that the restoration of brain energy metabolism is delayed. Metabolomic platforms offer a useful tool for early detection of the impact of ID on brain metabolism in infants.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e9bb5c12821430494b58b23a8f4b7e7", "input": "Question: Is dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells associated with the type I IFN pathway in patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis?\nAnswer: PM/DM is associated with dysregulation of EPC phenotype and function that may be attributed, at least in part, to aberrant IL-18 and type I IFN pathways. The implication of these vasculopathic findings for disease prognosis and complications remains to be determined.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a85db8cddfc54efdaba9b7a1b5d6100a", "input": "Question: Does dietary guanidinoacetic acid increase brain creatine levels in healthy men?\nAnswer: Supplemental GAA led to a region-dependent increase of the creatine pool in the human brain. This might be relevant for restoring cellular bioenergetics in disorders characterized by low brain creatine and functional enzymatic machinery for creatine synthesis, including neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors, or cerebrovascular disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e131d30fa5e4357a9d250a505ec992c", "input": "Question: Does complement C3a mobilize Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Specifically Guides Pulp Fibroblast Recruitment?\nAnswer: These results provide the first demonstration of C3aR expression in the dental pulp and demonstrate that C3a is involved in increasing DPSCs and fibroblast proliferation, in mobilizing DPSCs, and in specifically guiding fibroblast recruitment. This provides an additional link to the tight correlation between inflammation and tissue regeneration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-00ebf2173a8644e4980723843bc6ade4", "input": "Question: Does paCaHa inhibit proliferation of human cancer cells in vitro?\nAnswer: PaCaHa showed dose dependent cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects on three distinct human cancer cell lines. The differential effect of PaCaHa on different cancer cell lines suggests that PaCaHa could have a potential antitumor effect on specific cancer types. These results support further comprehensive studies on PaCaHa and its derivatives.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a4f80342673f4f5ab15f700a86009562", "input": "Question: Is vitamin D deficiency independently associated with greater prevalence of erectile dysfunction : The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ( NHANES ) 2001-2004?\nAnswer: In this cross-sectional analysis of a representative sample of U.S. men, vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased prevalence of ED independent of ASCVD risk factors. Additional research is needed to evaluate whether treating vitamin D deficiency improves erectile function.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-edf7a65ec4c1417bbeaedc4b55c0e15f", "input": "Question: Is early polysensitization associated with allergic multimorbidity in PARIS birth cohort infants?\nAnswer: This study highlights, as early as 18\u00a0months of age, three profiles of increasing severity with regard to allergic sensitization and diseases. These profiles also differ in terms of allergic morbidity at 6\u00a0years. Early sensitization can predict allergic multimorbidity in childhood, and in the case of early polysensitization, multimorbidity is more frequent as soon as infancy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-962443534007455196ccc4fb1429a813", "input": "Question: Are changes in hydration of the stratum corneum the most suitable indicator to evaluate the irritation of surfactants on the skin?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that the change of hydration of the SC is equivalent to the skin damage caused by surfactants, and therefore is the most suitable indicator to evaluate the irritation of surfactants on the skin.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bcf08528896645b098e3dc10578633b7", "input": "Question: Does mEF2D-BCL9 Fusion Gene be Associated With High-Risk Acute B-Cell Precursor Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Adolescents?\nAnswer: A novel MEF2D-BCL9 fusion we identified characterizes a novel subset of pediatric ALL, predicts poor prognosis, and may be a candidate for novel molecular targeting.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f384566c52f4091ba43341a3fad449a", "input": "Question: Does cSTMP induce apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in human myeloma RPMI8226 cells via CHOP-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress?\nAnswer: Our results indicated that CSTMP could induce apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in RPMI8226 cells via CHOP-dependent ER stress.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1fa72eea1094422292e22ee26aaf202d", "input": "Question: Is infection a Risk Factor for Perioperative and Postoperative Blood Loss and Transfusion in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty?\nAnswer: Although blood loss and transfusion rates were higher in septic revisions, the presence of infection alone did not increase the risk of transfusion or blood loss. Blood management strategies in revision total hip arthroplasties should be guided by the type of surgery planned and patient's preoperative health rather than the presence of infection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7630380efe354bef98684deb32e318d9", "input": "Question: Does vitamin D3 Partly antagonize Advanced-Glycation Endproducts-Induced NF\u03baB Activation in Mouse Podocytes?\nAnswer: Vitamin D3 or its analog paricalcitol partly prevented AGE-mediated NF\u03baB activation, an important feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Whether this in vitro finding is of clinical relevance to prevent/treat DN requires further studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c45c0aa54364f0c8fb2bfc85490ab92", "input": "Question: Does mediastinal transposition of the omentum reduce infection severity and pharmacy cost for patients undergoing esophagectomy?\nAnswer: Mediastinal transposition of the omentum decreases the rate and severity of postoperative intrathoracic infection following an open Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy. This result in decreased pharmacy costs, rather than resulting in an increased economic burden sustained by surgical patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8b3fcef4bbd41f5845e63157e3e0e17", "input": "Question: Are the high-risk criteria low-attenuation plaque < 60 HU and the napkin-ring sign the most powerful predictors of MACE : a long-term follow-up study?\nAnswer: Prognosis is excellent over a long-term period if CTA is negative and worsening with an increasing non-calcifying plaque component. LAP <60 HU and NR sign are the most powerful MACE predictors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ba83b555fe2c4d6a8da4bc86bcdc0da1", "input": "Question: Is \u03b2-Defensin 2 a responsive biomarker of IL-17A-driven skin pathology in patients with psoriasis?\nAnswer: IL-17A is a primary driver of skin pathology in patients with psoriasis, and serum BD-2 is an easily measurable biomarker of IL-17A-driven skin pathology.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b52dc46ada74d969be93de95387a13d", "input": "Question: Does physical exercise alleviate ER stress in obese humans through reduction in the expression and release of GRP78 chaperone?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that physical exercise alleviates ER stress in human obese through attenuation of GRP78 signaling network.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-813772e4e04b473f9727c656f8741bdc", "input": "Question: Do sugar-Sweetened Beverages Are the Main Sources of Added Sugar Intake in the Mexican Population?\nAnswer: The average intake of added sugars in the Mexican diet is higher than WHO recommendations, which may partly explain the high prevalence of obesity and diabetes in Mexico. Because SSBs and HSFAS contribute >94% of total added sugars, strategies to reduce their intake should be strengthened. This includes stronger food labels to warn the consumer about the content of added sugars in foods and beverages.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94b640e97ff942dab3a27d803ee5bafd", "input": "Question: Is which better for gastric cancer patients , perioperative or adjuvant chemotherapy : a meta-analysis?\nAnswer: Perioperative chemotherapy showed improved survival compared to adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer. In addition, combination chemotherapy resulted in better survival compared to monotherapy in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8952faaee36e4755b0ab0e431a9f1b66", "input": "Question: Does computer simulation of lumbar flexion show shear of the facet capsular ligament?\nAnswer: We found that in-plane and through-plane shear deformations are widely present in finite element simulations of a lumbar FCL during flexion. Importantly, we conclude that future studies of the FCL must consider the effects of both shear and tensile deformations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ef8fb51e53e41a88ffc4f78005a809f", "input": "Question: Do histone deacetylase and GATA-binding factor 6 regulate arterial remodeling in angiotensin II-induced hypertension?\nAnswer: These results suggest that class II HDAC inhibition attenuates hypertension by negatively regulating VSMC hypertrophy and hyperplasia via the CaMKII\u03b1/protein kinase D1/HDAC4/GATA6 pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-86cbd0377b47418b91c6ff9b15138cb8", "input": "Question: Does an oral Aujeszky 's disease vaccine ( YS-400 ) induce neutralizing antibody in pigs?\nAnswer: Domestic pigs given the trial ADV bait vaccine exhibited no adverse effects and developed high VN titers against ADV, indicating that the YS-400 strain is safe and can prevent ADV infection in domestic pigs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d0a4039735d14d55b1de461e708ccc81", "input": "Question: Does qS-21 enhance the early antibody response to oil adjuvant foot-and-mouth disease vaccine in cattle?\nAnswer: Strong early virus neutralizing antibody response will be useful for emergency or ring vaccinations against foot-and-mouth disease in target animals.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dc35dfa521de485a8b63ea1f71768901", "input": "Question: Does sacral Nerve Stimulation fail to Offer Long-term Benefit in Patients With Slow-Transit Constipation?\nAnswer: This study only assessed patients with slow-transit constipation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b48c7237172448fca2db9d01475d65ce", "input": "Question: Does 18\u03b2-Glycyrrhetinic acid protect against methotrexate-induced kidney injury by up-regulating the Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 pathway and endogenous antioxidants?\nAnswer: These results indicate that 18\u03b2-GA has a protective effect on MTX-induced nephrotoxicity with possible mechanisms of attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation through up-regulating the Nrf2/ARE signaling. These findings make 18\u03b2-GA candidate as a potent agent in preventing MTX-induced kidney injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b89c8d777a8b4490a9ae354fcc2864a7", "input": "Question: Does hyperlactemia predict Surgical Mortality in Patients Presenting with Acute Stanford Type-A Aortic Dissection?\nAnswer: Lactic acidosis, ostensibly as a surrogate for systemic malperfusion, represents a novel, accurate, and easily obtainable preoperative predictor of short-term mortality after attempted AAAD repair. These data may improve identification of patients who would not benefit from surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fcc6d71d5fbb4d2fb355c0710a9bb247", "input": "Question: Does differential functional readthrough over homozygous nonsense mutations contribute to the bleeding phenotype in coagulation factor VII deficiency?\nAnswer: Background Whereas the rare homozygous nonsense mutations causing factor (F)VII deficiency may predict null conditions that are almost completely incompatible with life, they are associated with appreciable differences in hemorrhagic symptoms. The misrecognition of premature stop codons (readthrough) may account for variable levels of functional full-length proteins. Objectives To experimentally evaluate the basal and drug-induced levels of FVII resulting from the homozygous p.Cys132X and p.Ser112X nonsense mutations that are associated with moderate (132X) or life-threatening (112X) symptoms, and that are predicted to undergo readthrough with (132X) or without (112X) production of wild-type FVII. Methods We transiently expressed recombinant FVII (rFVII) nonsense and missense variants in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, and evaluated secreted FVII protein and functional levels by ELISA, activated FX generation, and coagulation assays. Results The levels of functional FVII produced by p.Cys132X and p.Ser112X mutants (rFVII-132X, 1.1% \u00b1 0.2% of wild-type rFVII; rFVII-112X, 0.5% \u00b1 0.1% of wild-type rFVII) were compatible with the occurrence of spontaneous readthrough, which was magnified by the addition of G418 - up to 12% of the wild-type value for the rFVII-132X nonsense variant. The predicted missense variants arising from readthrough abolished (rFVII-132Trp/Arg) or reduced (rFVII-112Trp/Cys/Arg, 22-45% of wild-type levels) secretion and function. These data suggest that the appreciable rescue of p.Cys132X function was driven by reinsertion of the wild-type residue, whereas the minimal p.Ser112X function was explained by missense changes permitting FVII secretion and function. Conclusions The extent of functional readthrough might explain differences in the bleeding phenotype of patients homozygous for F7 nonsense mutations, and prevent null conditions even for the most readthrough-unfavorable mutations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-34caedde9f80436394e58655c9f277ab", "input": "Question: Is eGFR expression associated with poor outcome in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: We demonstrate that EGFR overexpression has prognostic implications associated with lymph node metastasis and progression in CSCC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f9ff3046110840b7b927f39b8922d9b5", "input": "Question: Do both low and high serum ferritin levels predict mortality risk in hemodialysis patients without inflammation?\nAnswer: Serum ferritin showed different patterns of association with all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients with versus without inflammation, whereas its association with cardiovascular hospitalization was similar regardless of inflammatory conditions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a592d08cee64a4cb341527a068d9a86", "input": "Question: Is child height gain associated with consumption of animal-source foods in livestock-owning households in Western Kenya?\nAnswer: Child height gain was associated with milk and egg consumption in this cohort. ASF consumption was related to both household livestock ownership and animal health.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b3978b816fe44041850b2d2e9871ea36", "input": "Question: Are diabetes and increased lipid peroxidation associated with systemic inflammation even in well-controlled patients?\nAnswer: These findings show that dyslipidemia is associated with an increased inflammatory status, even in well-controlled diabetics and in normoglycemics. Our results suggest that lipid metabolism and peroxidation are important for the development of inflammation, which is elevated in several complications associated with diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-87b62cefb6a14c9fbd77996854fd3b8d", "input": "Question: Are serum levels of copeptin associated with type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications in Chinese population?\nAnswer: Using a post-hoc analysis our data show that elevated serum levels of copeptin are associated with type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications in Chinese population, suggesting a potential role of the AVP system (copeptin) in the pathophysiology of diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ccafec6b535647f5ad251d08751a9ff0", "input": "Question: Is exercise training bradycardia largely explained by reduced intrinsic heart rate?\nAnswer: We did not find evidence that an increase in parasympathetic tone or a decrease in responsiveness to beta-adrenergic activity accounts for the reduction in resting heart rate with exercise training. We suggest that a decline in heart rate with training is most likely due to decrease in the intrinsic heart rate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a79dc3edf2fd4067bb55a9ef86893fce", "input": "Question: Is pyrethroid resistance associated with a kdr-type mutation ( L1014F ) in the potato tuber moth Tecia solanivora?\nAnswer: This is the first identification of a target-site-alteration-based resistance in the Guatemalan potato tuber moth T. solanivora, which is widespread and exhibits high frequencies among geographically distant strains, indicating that pyrethroids are probably becoming ineffective for the control of this pest species. \u00a9 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8dc2e2fa8b8948c69924ceb405b1ce0e", "input": "Question: 's it only what you say , it 's also how you say it : communicating nipah virus prevention messages during an outbreak in Bangladesh?\nAnswer: During outbreaks, one-way behaviour change communication without meaningful causal explanations is unlikely to be effective. Based on the cultural context, interactive communication strategies in lay language with supporting evidence can make biomedical prevention messages credible in affected communities, even among those who initially invoke supernatural causal explanations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6a67a05c4c224730894bf95b462177d7", "input": "Question: Does payer Formulary alert as a Cause of Patient Harm and the Journey to Change Them?\nAnswer: Enduring and meaningful change required partnership with multiple stakeholders, including EHR vendors, ePrescribing vendors, and pharmacy benefits managers. Improving drug alerts, reducing alert fatigue, and promoting value-based prescribing in the EHR will likely require similar partnerships.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cc36e973b7734c8e8dca80e1a863e6f8", "input": "Question: Does frailty predict major bleeding within 30days in elderly patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome?\nAnswer: Frailty phenotype, as a marker of biological vulnerability, is an independent predictor of major bleeding in elderly patients with ACS. Frailty can play an important role in bleeding risk stratification and objective indices should be integrated into routine initial evaluation of these patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-76cb3db22ac249e1ba042c1ecd1ff5d2", "input": "Question: Are hair Cortisol Concentrations in Adolescent Girls with Anorexia Nervosa Lower Compared to Healthy and Psychiatric Controls?\nAnswer: We find lower HCC in AN, compared to HC and PC, respectively. Based on the relationship between HCC and BMI-SDS across AN, HC and PC, we argue that HCC might not capture endocrine alterations because of AN pathology-related processes but rather shows consistent relationships with BMI, which extent even to the very low range of BMI values, as present in AN patients. Alternatively, incorporation of cortisol into the hair follicle might have been compromised because of trophic hair follicle disturbances that had been reported in AN patients, previously. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-17e690db4e0446ae8d3233c1721d108d", "input": "Question: Does mood influence the Concordance of Subjective and Objective Measures of Sleep Duration in Older Adults?\nAnswer: The discrepancy classically observed between objective and subjective measures of sleep duration can be explained by mood status at the time of awakening. These results have potential implications for epidemiologic and clinical studies examining sleep as a risk factor for morbidity or mortality.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-55dd4652185a4b1eac791753fa22a8a8", "input": "Question: Does detection of molecular bacterascites in decompensated cirrhosis define a risk with decreased survival?\nAnswer: BactDNA quantification in ascitic fluid samples using culture-independent 16S rRNA gene-based methods seems to be an interesting approach to identify patients at risk of reduced survival. Our study warrants further evaluation of antibiotic treatment in patients with molecular bacterascites.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7fbcb1119a124b16ae26e1a15ebb6478", "input": "Question: Do centre characteristics determine ambulatory care and referrals in patients with spondyloarthritis?\nAnswer: Frequenting rheumatology clinics and referrals to other specialists significantly varies between centres, after adjustment by patient characteristics.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-38ce9a27bf744f5691dfed5d82da0610", "input": "Question: Is a Novel Mutation in the DNA Binding Domain of NFKB Associated with Speckled Leukoplakia?\nAnswer: The identification of a substitution mutation L140Q within the DNA binding domain of NFKB in OL suggests that NFKB mutation may be relatively an early event during transformation. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to have identified a missense mutation in NFKB in OL.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-add8ece6203b41c09d5d20ae2f2e5003", "input": "Question: Is high-flow-mediated constriction in adults influenced by biomarkers of cardiovascular and metabolic risk?\nAnswer: Increased body mass, fat mass, and body mass index were associated with a greater H-FMC. When H-FMC was present, the FMD response to reactive hyperemia was significantly lower. Because H-FMC has been observed to negatively affect FMD response to reactive hyperemia, we suggest that H-FMC should be noted when analyzing and interpreting FMD data. H-FMC may be an ancillary measure of endothelial health. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2016.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3fbb7a325e484265afe30f90545c97f9", "input": "Question: Are intrafollicular interleukin-8 , interleukin-12 , and adrenomedullin the promising prognostic markers of oocyte and embryo quality in women with endometriosis?\nAnswer: The levels of IL-8, IL-12, and adrenomedullin may be good indicators of embryo and oocyte quality in endometriosis patients undergoing IVF. Further studies are necessary to ascertain the potential of these markers for oocyte and embryo developmental competence which may help improve the chances of a successful IVF in endometriosis patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-71e41605cc0840a098fd56bc476ac9d5", "input": "Question: Do blister fluid and serum cytokine levels in severe sepsis in humans reflect skin dysfunction?\nAnswer: Cytokine responses in skin blister fluid in patients with sepsis differed from those in healthy controls.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-71bcfffbbb6c4e73815d51a9e4097ede", "input": "Question: Does relieving dyspnoea by non-invasive ventilation decrease pain thresholds in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?\nAnswer: Relieving dyspnoea by NIV in patients with ALS having respiratory failure is associated with decreased pressure pain thresholds. Clinical implications have yet to be determined, but this observation suggests that patients with ALS could become more susceptible to pain after the institution of NIV, hence the need for reinforced attention towards potentially painful diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7e2544b20874a1cbea9088fc9192c0b", "input": "Question: Is gestational diabetes associated with changes in placental microbiota and microbiome?\nAnswer: A distinct microbiota profile and microbiome is present in GDM. Acinetobacter has been recently shown to induce IL-10 in mice. GDM could constitute a state of placental microbiota-driven altered immunologic tolerance, making placental microbiota a new target for therapy in GDM.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5956475952da4fa9a8c455af8d5dd1b8", "input": "Question: Do inotropes increase cardiac output or cerebral blood flow in preterm piglets?\nAnswer: In order to provide better cardiovascular support, it may be necessary to develop treatments that target receptors with a more mature profile than adrenoceptors in the preterm newborn.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-748ffdded2284b93b3a13cb3fc0c0b91", "input": "Question: Does fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 Deficiency Impair the Osteoanabolic Action of Parathyroid Hormone on Mice?\nAnswer: Bone anabolic effects of PTH were not impaired by the absence of FGFR3, suggesting that the FGFR3 signaling may not be required for osteoanabolic effects of PTH activities.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2859d38742dc4e479663f476031d3862", "input": "Question: Does bDNF-mediates Down-regulation of MicroRNA-195 inhibit Ischemic Cardiac Apoptosis in Rats?\nAnswer: Up-regulation of miR-195 in ischemic cardiomyocytes promotes ischemic apoptosis by targeting Bcl-2. BDNF mitigated the pro-apoptotic effect of miR-195 in rat cardiomyocytes. These findings may provide better understanding of the pro-apoptotic role of miR-195 in MI and suggest that BDNF/miR-195/Bcl-2 axis may be beneficial for limiting myocardial ischemic injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8bdb7d7d54ad441b9e3766e7fcd047e5", "input": "Question: Does nocturnal hypoxia-induced oxidative stress promote progression of pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?\nAnswer: These data support the role of nocturnal hypoxia as a trigger for localized hepatic oxidative stress, an important factor associated with the progression of NASH and hepatic fibrosis in obese pediatric patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7675b63f5ceb4fba892445edd29c447d", "input": "Question: Does the Aquamantys ( \u00ae ) system improve haemostasis and pneumostasis in open decortication for thoracic empyema?\nAnswer: Our data indicates that the use of irrigated tip RF ablation is safe and effective in improving pneumostasis and haemostasis in decortication for thoracic empyema; and that this translates to morbidity and logistical benefit.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ad06a2d33034d04978abe0ea89c9de5", "input": "Question: Does mangiferin inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced production of interleukin-6 in human oral epithelial cells by suppressing toll-like receptor signaling?\nAnswer: Mangiferin decreases LPS-induced production of IL-6 in human oral epithelial cells by suppressing TLR signaling, and this glucosylxanthone may have potential for the treatment of periodontitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8cf2aa1b9f75464c9229d892cf2f66b4", "input": "Question: Is carotid stiffness associated with impairment of cognitive performance in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes . The Maastricht Study?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that carotid stiffness is associated with cognitive performance in both individuals with and without diabetes, but does not mediate the relationship between type 2 diabetes and cognitive dysfunction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3683e5123d0a4280bc3da3da9aaf9dc3", "input": "Question: Is pilot study on the correlation between skin auto-fluorescence and serum antioxidant enzyme : skin auto-fluorescence negatively associated with levels of malondialdehyde?\nAnswer: We determined that skin AF intensity of the photo-protected area reflects intrinsic skin aging. In addition, degree of photo-aging could be indirectly inferred by skin AF of photo-exposed area and serum MDA level.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94553fc839cd457c84f8af0fa94ca8c3", "input": "Question: Does concern for Lost Income Following Donation deter Some Patients From Talking to Potential Living Donors?\nAnswer: Findings from the current study underscore how concern about income loss for living donors may affect decision-making by both transplant candidates and potential donors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a24d80b35e804b75878f4559758827a2", "input": "Question: Are povidone-iodine rectal cleansing and targeted antimicrobial prophylaxis using rectal swab cultures in men undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy associated with reduced incidence of postoperative infectious complications?\nAnswer: In the era of quinolone resistance, the combination of povidone-iodine rectal cleansing and targeted antibiotic prophylaxis may reduce the rate of infectious complications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7c0814b9cb584d4b85f2f5413aa04660", "input": "Question: Is diastolic dysfunction associated with low urinary sodium excretion in patients with decompensated cirrhosis?\nAnswer: We found that DD was independently associated with lower 24-hour urine sodium. Although no correlation was found between DD and severity of liver disease or survival, further studies are needed for final conclusions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-78346b78d7b6436fbfa1cbe1a3d6146f", "input": "Question: Does viral challenge reveal further evidence of skin-deep resilience in African Americans from disadvantaged backgrounds?\nAnswer: These observations suggest that resilience may be a double-edged sword for African Americans from disadvantaged backgrounds. The same characteristics associated with academic success and psychological adjustment forecast increased vulnerability to health problems. (PsycINFO Database Record", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6495bc14dcb640f4b2148c6cd8850788", "input": "Question: Is the ADAMTS13-von Willebrand factor axis involved in the pathophysiology of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury?\nAnswer: Our data show that the ADAMTS13-vWF axis is partially involved in the pathophysiology of kidney IR, suggesting that regulating ADAMTS13- and vWF-dependent mechanisms could have therapeutic potential to limit renal IRI. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fb371a0d1c064ce48d02629081056d6d", "input": "Question: Do rapid and accurate identification of Xanthomonas citri subspecies citri by fluorescence in situ hybridization?\nAnswer: Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is an aggressive and hardy pathogen of citrus plants worldwide. Outbreaks are difficult and costly to contain and the establishment of citrus canker results in restricted trade. In order to extend the existing toolkit for identification of Xcc we developed a novel diagnostic approach based on fluorescence in\u00a0situ hybridization. Our approach is of comparable specificity and sensitivity to existing methods but can be performed directly on infected tissue making it significantly faster than existing PCRs, and requiring fewer laboratory resources.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e85dfead3024fc1aae19ff8429fdcb1", "input": "Question: Is cannabigerol a novel , well-tolerated appetite stimulant in pre-satiated rats?\nAnswer: Here, we demonstrate for the first time that CBG elicits hyperphagia, by reducing latency to feed and increasing meal frequency, without producing negative neuromotor side effects. Investigation of the therapeutic potential of CBG for conditions such as cachexia and other disorders of eating and body weight regulation is thus warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e48f6d309b5a46eab4ad5be862ddee6f", "input": "Question: Is plasma MicroRNA-126-5p Associated with the Complexity and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Stable Angina Pectoris?\nAnswer: Circulating miR-126-5p has emerged as a potential biomarker for complexity and severity of CAD in patients with stable angina pectoris.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-905399d75d2a4a318ea3efcdff8bf359", "input": "Question: Is biosynthesis of glycerol phosphate associated with long-term potentiation in hippocampal neurons?\nAnswer: We identified the biosynthesis of glycerol-3-phosphate as a key regulator in mechanisms implicated in learning and memory. Notably, defects in enzymes linked with the glycerol phosphate shuttle have been implicated in neurological disorders and intellectual disability", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8746041eedb24f358f02ed8cc21bb94a", "input": "Question: Is cTX-M-15-H30Rx-ST131 subclone one of the main causes of healthcare-associated ESBL-producing Escherichia coli bacteraemia of urinary origin in Spain?\nAnswer: The CTX-M-15-ST131-H30Rx subclone is a relevant MDR pathogen causing BUO, mainly HCA episodes. The dominance of this subclone with comparatively less diversity of virulence profiles reflects the spread of a successful and MDR ESBL ST131 lineage in Spain.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1ea14232581d43b1b00a9c7053e331a2", "input": "Question: Do interictal epileptiform discharges have an independent association with cognitive impairment in children with lesional epilepsy?\nAnswer: Overall, IED effects on cognition were of a magnitude similar to lesional influences or drug effects (topiramate use). This study demonstrates an association between IEDs and cognitive dysfunction, independent of the underlying focal brain pathology.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4bc461984c304a31a140ec2ff656dafe", "input": "Question: Does macrolide Resistance in Treponema pallidum correlate With 23S rDNA Mutations in Recently Isolated Clinical Strains?\nAnswer: A macrolide resistant phenotype was demonstrated for all strains harboring a 23S rDNA mutation, demonstrating that either A2058G or A2059G mutation confers in vivo drug resistance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b0a41fe0966b47b592b06d7f44d7d222", "input": "Question: Does obesity Modify the Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in a Cytological Series of Thyroid Nodules?\nAnswer: The results of this study, in a retrospective series of patients with thyroid nodules, do not confirm previous findings reporting an association between obesity and differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Thus, obese patients with nodular thyroid disease should be managed the same as normal-weight patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-014bcb5408464c47bf7fdaa0415a5116", "input": "Question: Does levothyroxine but Not Selenium Increases Endothelial Progenitor Cell count in Patients with Hypothyroidism?\nAnswer: Hypothyroidism is associated with low EPC counts. Treatment with LT4, but not Se, can improve EPC counts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b4025a8a1a3446ab025bd5048ce9ad1", "input": "Question: Does the cytoprotective effect of biglycan core protein involve Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in cardiomyocytes?\nAnswer: The core protein of exogenous biglycan protects myocardial cells from SI/R injury via TLR4-mediated mechanisms involving activation of ERK, JNK and p38 MAP kinases and increased NO production. The cytoprotective effect of rhBGNc is due to modulation of SI/R-induced changes in necrosis, apoptosis and autophagy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0fe06e864acf406991db05754f6572e0", "input": "Question: Are higher maternal serum concentrations of nicotinamide and related metabolites in late pregnancy associated with a lower risk of offspring atopic eczema at age 12 months?\nAnswer: This is the first study linking maternal serum concentrations of nicotinamide and related metabolites to the risk of atopic eczema in the offspring. The findings point to potentially modifiable maternal influences on this complex and highly prevalent condition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-402a6df12bb54e688de0d75d9b4b43a0", "input": "Question: Are health promotion lifestyle profile scores associatedwith obesity in high school students?\nAnswer: Adolescence is an era of development when individuals start to implement their own features to life. According to this study adolescents do not perform health promoting lifestyles whether they are obese or not.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-099a2cdb10e844b19d7374fcff6a9c4b", "input": "Question: Is tPH1 A218 allele associated with suicidal behavior in Turkish population?\nAnswer: Our results provide evidence that A allele of TPH1 A218C polymorphism may be associated with suicidal behavior in Turkish population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5a6548d8ad04a59be9338c4fcb53f72", "input": "Question: Is improvement of islet graft function using liraglutide correlated with its anti-inflammatory properties?\nAnswer: The beneficial effects of liraglutide on pancreatic islets appear to be linked to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. These findings indicated that analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1 could be used to improve graft survival.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f56c2ab9b6f24826b3f1be35a8feeebe", "input": "Question: Do late childhood interpersonal callousness and conduct problem trajectories interact to predict adult psychopathy?\nAnswer: Findings highlight the importance of developing targeted interventions for boys exhibiting severe IC and CP in childhood, as they appear to be at high risk for developing adult psychopathic features.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f08ea82b40634c61aba99838fdac081b", "input": "Question: Is production of hemolysin BL by Bacillus cereus group isolates of dairy origin associated with whole-genome phylogenetic clade?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that production of diarrheal enterotoxin hemolysin BL is neither inclusive nor exclusive to B. cereus sensu stricto, and that phylogenetic classification of isolates may be better than taxonomic identification for assessment of B. cereus group isolates risk for causing a\u00a0diarrheal foodborne disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a97d3d7e72444594b1b81ae62f0f34e2", "input": "Question: Is high serum uric acid associated to poorly controlled blood pressure and higher arterial stiffness in hypertensive subjects?\nAnswer: Based on our data, SUA seems to be associated with an inadequate BP control in subjects treated with antihypertensive drugs, and subjects with both uncontrolled BP and relatively high SUA levels have also an increased arterial stiffness that (per se) could be a cause of worse BP control under treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e2fcfe3e98874aeb9b119d6d2d854c52", "input": "Question: Does ercc1 Deficiency promote Tumorigenesis and Increases Cisplatin Sensitivity in a Tp53 Context-Specific Manner?\nAnswer: This study provides a solid rationale for the stratification of lung adenocarcinoma patients according to the functional ERCC1- and mutational TP53 status, where functionally ERCC1-incompetent patients could benefit from sequential cisplatin and etoposide chemotherapy. Mol Cancer Res; 14(11); 1110-23. \u00a92016 AACR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ee7ab7ab2984a65bdf3cdee97016145", "input": "Question: Do [ Benzoquinone induce autophagy in HL60 cells and the role of reactive oxygen species in induced autophagy ]?\nAnswer: 1, 4-BQ can induce autophagy in HL60 cells, the induction of autophagy is at least partly resulted from ROS. Antioxidant can effectively suppress the occurrence of induced autophagy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7fa7fc734d6a4b6cb9fa6aa6a8652734", "input": "Question: Does collagen cross-linking treatment increase adhesion in mock corneal grafts?\nAnswer: The results of our study are consistent with our hypothesis that CXL treatment could be used to promote early adhesion between separate sections of corneal tissue.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-06f261dde3bf4138936c2054f825a001", "input": "Question: Are botulinum toxin injections for chronic sialorrhoea in children effective regardless of the degree of neurological dysfunction : A single tertiary institution experience?\nAnswer: Injection of BTX-A to the submandibular glands of children with neurological disorders is a safe procedure and results in a reduction in drooling in the majority of patients. Children with severe neurological dysfunction respond to BTX-A injections as effectively as their less impaired peers and the degree of response does not appear to be associated with the severity of neurological disability. BTX-A injection is a good initial procedure when drooling surgery is being considered.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8dd91f47f21647dc915ef5492e08cc85", "input": "Question: Does the NAD ( + ) precursor nicotinamide riboside decrease exercise performance in rats?\nAnswer: Our results do not confirm the\u00a0previously reported ergogenic effect of nicotinamide riboside. The potentially negative effect of nicotinamide riboside administration on physical performance may be attributed to the pleiotropic metabolic and redox properties of NAD(+) and NADP(+).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee789556d2fd4efc94e6aeefd8cea6e8", "input": "Question: Are full-length autonomous transposable elements preferentially targeted by expression-dependent forms of RNA-directed DNA methylation?\nAnswer: Expression-dependent forms of RdDM function to critically target DNA methylation to full-length and transcriptionally active transposable elements, suggesting that these pathways are key to suppressing mobilization. This targeting specificity is initiated on the mRNA cleavage-level, yet manifested as chromatin-level silencing that in plants is epigenetically inherited from generation to generation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9fbc38ce7c7e49f985934c66ec604704", "input": "Question: Do hDAC 1 and 6 modulate cell invasion and migration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: Taking together, these results suggest that HDAC1 and HDAC6 may play a role in ccRCC biology and could represent rational therapeutic targets.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-16e2386c30204adb8cc09cddddc23295", "input": "Question: Does auricular reconstruction using a novel three-flap technique improve the auriculocephalic angle?\nAnswer: The three-flap technique not only improves the appearance of the reconstructed ear, but helps shape a perfect auriculocephalic angle.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2cb6040d16cb4e3ca80e12263f8ece16", "input": "Question: Is patient satisfaction biased by renovations to the interior of a primary care office : a pretest-posttest assessment?\nAnswer: Renovating the interior of a primary care office was associated with improved patient satisfaction, including satisfaction in domains otherwise unchanged. Physician skills and patient satisfaction sometimes depend on surrounding factors that may bias the ability of patients to assess the quality of medical care. These biases should be taken into account when quality assessment instruments are designed for patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3298bdc51cd34151bf870d4d12a98ad8", "input": "Question: Does tumor suppressor miRNA-204-5p promote apoptosis by targeting BCL2 in prostate cancer cells?\nAnswer: Human miR-204-5p targets BCL2 in PCa cells. Restoration of miR-204-5p in PCa could therefore be considered as a novel strategy by targeting antiapoptotic BCL2.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2303bfe32411450c865d0e6ecbfdbf7b", "input": "Question: Does bRCA1 reflect Myocardial Adverse Remodeling in Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy?\nAnswer: IDCM adverse remodeling results in more intense but nonuniform BRCA1 expression. This phenomenon seems to reflect IDCM biology: lower BRCA1 expression in myocytes with lower anti-apoptotic and DNA damage repair activity, with the opposite in hypertrophied myofibers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-49be12b4aefb4dc89a6d340fbacd1c96", "input": "Question: Does direct transfer of HRPII-magnetic bead complexes to malaria rapid diagnostic tests significantly improve test sensitivity?\nAnswer: This approach has the sensitivity and simplicity required to assist in malaria elimination campaigns in settings with limited access to clinical and laboratory resources.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-028cc4b048e643f783a037e8a91624b5", "input": "Question: Does aminolevulinic Acid-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy cause Cell Death in MG-63 Human Osteosarcoma Cells?\nAnswer: Collectively, our data indicate that ALA-PDT can result in the death of MG-64 human osteosarcoma cells in vitro.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-27fa147ac8df45fa9e7335a708ff76b2", "input": "Question: Does overexpression of complement component C5a accelerate the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-knockout mice?\nAnswer: C5a overexpression could accelerate the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice by promoting macrophage recruitment, foam cell formation and inflammatory activation. Furthermore, its proatherogetic role is mediated by the C5a receptor.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-abace43a63ee4ba1bcd2671cd1e03fa0", "input": "Question: Does the intervertebral disc contain intrinsic circadian clocks that are regulated by age and cytokines and linked to degeneration?\nAnswer: We have established autonomous circadian clocks in mouse and human IVD cells which respond to age and cytokines, and control key pathways involved in the homeostasis of IVDs. Genetic disruption to the mouse IVD molecular clock predisposes to IVD degeneration. These results support the concept that disruptions to circadian rhythms may be a risk factor for degenerative IVD disease and low back pain.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e7c0fd694ea54b3e9ab4f597dfa1619b", "input": "Question: Does wNT2 promote Cervical Carcinoma Metastasis and Induction of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition?\nAnswer: WNT2 might be a novel predictor of PLNM and a promising prognostic indicator in cervical cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0bba818287e2487fbf02bfac67e948d7", "input": "Question: Are fundus autofluorescence lifetimes increased in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy?\nAnswer: Fundus Fluorescence lifetimes are significantly increased in NPDR while lens lifetimes are shorter in the patient group. Lifetime changes might be indicative for the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) which enables detection of the disease with high sensitivity and specificity possibly bearing diagnostic merit.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-850b1bce9d2e4e8fb3a4d4a3c03f6ca4", "input": "Question: Do natriuretic peptide levels taken following unplanned admission to a cardiology department predict the duration of hospitalization?\nAnswer: The results quantify the strong relationship between NP levels taken following an unplanned admission to a cardiology department and the duration of hospitalization. This information permits improved identification of a patient population likely to require a prolonged hospital stay and consume more healthcare resources. Such patients may require a more aggressive diagnostic, treatment, and management strategy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8583bdee50d475fbcea2875b910adfc", "input": "Question: Is hemorrhage the most common cause of neonatal mortality in patients with sacrococcygeal teratoma?\nAnswer: Hemorrhagic mortality of neonates with SCT is relatively high (3.8%) representing almost 70% of the overall mortality in the neonatal period. High-output cardiac failure, internal tumor hemorrhage and perioperative bleeding were the most common causes of early death and were all strongly associated with larger tumor sizes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-93cab9e71af243cdb57dea7bdf363183", "input": "Question: Is microRNA-155 a critical regulator of type 2 innate lymphoid cells and IL-33 signaling in experimental models of allergic airway inflammation?\nAnswer: Our findings for the first time demonstrate that ILC2s and IL-33 signaling are regulated by miR-155 in allergic\u00a0airway inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-891508cf9f6b4df18b87f82a51a9a2a2", "input": "Question: Does extracellular vesicle-driven information mediate the long-term effects of particulate matter exposure on coagulation and inflammation pathways?\nAnswer: The study's findings support the hypothesis that adverse cardiovascular and metabolic effects stemming from inhalation exposures in particular to PM metallic component may be mediated by EVmiRNAs that target key factors in the inflammation, coagulation and glucose homeostasis pathways.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f5c8613bbb54fcdb1901b22ea2103b5", "input": "Question: Do a virtually 1H-free birdcage coil for zero echo time MRI without background signal?\nAnswer: A virtually 1H-free birdcage coil is presented, thus enabling in vivo ZTE MRI practically free of background signal, even at high bandwidths. Magn Reson Med, 2016. \u00a9 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-72e24cf745d24d6485e59be49b45e686", "input": "Question: Do alterations of the Lamina Cribrosa Are Associated with Peripapillary Retinoschisis in Glaucoma and Pachychoroid Spectrum Disease?\nAnswer: Enhanced depth imaging OCT of the LC demonstrated alterations associated with peripapillary retinoschisis, pachychoroid spectrum diseases, and glaucoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-567a8c719aa54ceda1d68dab9bf91305", "input": "Question: Do identification of UQCRB as an oxymatrine recognizing protein using a T7 phage display screen?\nAnswer: In this study, using the T7 phage display system, we have identified UQCRB as a direct binding protein of oxymatrine. Furthermore, the specificity and molecular interaction of oxymatrine with UQCRB were also determined. The binding of UQCRB to oxymatrine suggests that UQCRB is a potential target of oxymatrine in treating CHB. These results provide new understanding into the mechanism of oxymatrine and insights into the strategy on the treatment of CHB.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e52e796002244680903c4a65e78bcdeb", "input": "Question: Are vitamin D deficiency and low ionized calcium linked with semen quality and sex steroid levels in infertile men?\nAnswer: Infertile men with vitamin D deficiency had lower sperm motility, total numbers of motile sperm, Inhibin B, sex-hormone-binding-globulin (SHBG) and testosterone/estradiol ratio, but higher levels of free sex steroids, than infertile men with normal vitamin D levels.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6cd70e6d06d447b6980e48385b892495", "input": "Question: Is drosophila glob1 required for the maintenance of cytoskeletal integrity during oogenesis?\nAnswer: Our study establishes a novel role of glob1 in maintenance of F-actin-based cytoskeleton during progression of oogenesis in Drosophila. Developmental Dynamics 245:1048-1065, 2016. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dff0cf20a8ef41eba21f6b0f350c5a97", "input": "Question: Does bile deficiency induce changes in intestinal glucose absorption in mice?\nAnswer: Bile deficiency in the intestine upregulates the expression of intestinal mucosal SGLT1 and enhances intestinal mucosal glucose absorption capacity, which contributes to the understanding of intestinal physiologic function for patients with biliary duct obstruction and external biliary drainage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e67a1107d21a4a13a2794ce5a213c055", "input": "Question: Is ulcerative proctitis a frequent location of paediatric-onset UC and not a minor disease : a population-based study?\nAnswer: UP is frequent in paediatric-onset UC and should not be considered as a minor disease. Compared with more extensive UC locations, risks for colonic extension, anti-TNF-\u03b1 therapy and colectomy were similar in UP, whereas the risk for use of IM was lower.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-22d4ef4ee2934b80a9074ba14c022121", "input": "Question: Is frequent Surfing on Social Health Networks Associated With Increased Knowledge and Patient Health Activation?\nAnswer: Web-based social health networks offer an opportunity to expand patient knowledge and increase involvement in personal health, thereby increasing patient activation. Further studies are needed to examine these changes on other aspects of chronic illnesses such as quality of life and costs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d7d72ad14e8b4f568446446cf812b521", "input": "Question: Are women using bleach for home cleaning at increased risk of non-allergic asthma?\nAnswer: Frequent use of bleach for home-cleaning is associated with non-allergic adult-onset asthma, elevated neutrophil counts and lower-airway symptoms in women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2050374beefc4258991aaf827061c912", "input": "Question: Does thrombomodulin influence the Survival of Patients with Non-Metastatic Colorectal Cancer through Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition ( EMT )?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrates that patients with non-metastatic CRC display low TM expression in their tumors and exhibit reduced DFS and OS. The enhanced expression of mesenchymal markers and COX-2 may be involved in the mechanisms that underlie recurrence in patients with cancer displaying low TM expression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d421486ebad442e3b9e4ca53b4c96c56", "input": "Question: Is tumor-related leukocytosis associated with poor radiation response and clinical outcome in uterine cervical cancer patients?\nAnswer: This study reveals the aggressive nature of cervical cancer with TRL and its poor response to radiation therapy. Given the unfavorable prognosis and higher probability of treatment failure, optimal diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and careful monitoring for early detection of recurrence should be considered for these patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94e492101659477d852b4b2f3b47ba4e", "input": "Question: Is lentiviral HSV-Tk.007-mediated suicide gene therapy toxic for normal brain cells?\nAnswer: We show that HSV-Tk.007-mediated suicide gene therapy is not toxic to normal brain cells. This observation is of high relevance for the translation of lentivirus-mediated suicide gene therapies into the clinic for the treatment of brain tumor patients. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-06ea80164b5846bd81854213fa3ad636", "input": "Question: Does severe aortic arch calcification predict mortality in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis?\nAnswer: In patients undergoing PD, CXR-detected severe AoAC was an independent risk factor for all-cause and CV mortalities.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-66c28bfab147467883a4dce11cdec23d", "input": "Question: Does trichostatin A inhibit Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Activation in an In Vitro Model of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy?\nAnswer: Our findings indicate a role of acetylation in RPE activation. Specifically, the HDAC inhibitor TSA decreased RPE cell proliferation and TGF\u03b22-mediated cell contraction and migration. Further investigation of pharmacological compounds that modulate acetylation may hold promise as therapeutic agents for PVR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a89ecfd9c3840b797c8f358d4d86300", "input": "Question: Does rESVERATROL TREATMENT prevent HIPPOCAMAL NEURODEGENERATION IN A RODENT MODEL OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrated that RVT had a healing effect on neurons after TBI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b96cbcb3965485786d712581a57694d", "input": "Question: Does partial Loss of Function of the GHRH Receptor lead to Mild Growth Hormone Deficiency?\nAnswer: We report the first coexistence of two novel compound homozygous GHRHR variants in two unrelated pedigrees associated with a partial loss of function. Surprisingly, the patients have a relatively mild IGHD phenotype. Analysis revealed that the pP79L mutation is associated with the compromise in function, with the residual partial activity explaining the mild phenotype.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-820bb71d87734305a2f61dee60b9dbb2", "input": "Question: Are clinical concentrations of morphine cytotoxic on proliferating human fibroblasts in vitro?\nAnswer: Cytotoxic effects of morphine are exposure, time and concentration dependent. Simulating aspects of inflammatory conditions seems to increase resistance to morphine cytotoxicity especially in the presence of higher concentration and longer exposure times.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-903ec619f256492e99ac64826358fedf", "input": "Question: Does extremes of shock index predict death in trauma patients?\nAnswer: Our data indicate a bimodal relationship between SI and mortality in head injured patients that persists after correction for various co-factors. The distribution of mortality is different between head injured patients and patients without head injuries. Elevated SI predicts death in all trauma patients, but low SI values only predict death in head injured patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f695accdef454616a82317b02cdda51d", "input": "Question: Do two novel MYH7 proline substitutions cause Laing Distal Myopathy-like phenotypes with variable expressivity and neck extensor contracture?\nAnswer: This study expands our clinical and molecular knowledge of MYH7 rod mutations causing skeletal myopathies, and underscores the importance of discussing disease penetrance during genetic counseling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4cf24f62dc414550ac3219cfa5bfe883", "input": "Question: Does improving Spleen Volume Estimation Via Computer-assisted Segmentation on Clinically Acquired CT scan?\nAnswer: A computer-automated segmentation approach with manual correction of outliers generated accurate splenic volumes with reasonable time efficiency.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f072e5c5c46844d5a343dcf653ce4a80", "input": "Question: Are methods for detecting , quantifying , and adjusting for dissemination bias in meta-analysis described?\nAnswer: We present an overview of existing methods to detect, quantify, or adjust for dissemination bias. It remains difficult to advise which method should be used as they are all limited and their validity has rarely been assessed. Therefore, a thorough literature search remains crucial in systematic reviews, and further steps to increase the availability of all research results need to be taken.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d65f2241e10419fa202a41b67e7f82d", "input": "Question: Does olanzapine-depot administration induce time-dependent changes in adipose tissue endocrine function in rats?\nAnswer: This study provides data suggesting early alteration in adipose tissue endocrine function as a factor involved in mechanisms underlying metabolic adverse effects of antipsychotics.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e64b303dd4af4b2e8818c8e15dd76750", "input": "Question: Does geophagy be Associated with Growth Faltering in Children in Rural Bangladesh?\nAnswer: These findings show that caregiver-reported geophagy was associated with growth faltering in a pediatric population in rural Bangladesh. Future studies are needed to learn more about this exposure pathway and its relevance to child growth.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-17b34817305d4359a943e4ed0e68e8e2", "input": "Question: Does benign Joint Hypermobility Minimally impact Autonomic Abnormalities in Pediatric Subjects with Chronic Functional Pain Disorders?\nAnswer: Children with chronic functional pain disorders and BJH have autonomic testing findings and comorbid features compared with a similar cohort of subjects without BJH, suggesting that BJH is not the driver of the autonomic and comorbid disorders.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d272ce2c051d4e2d84cff2b934f180bb", "input": "Question: Is sleep apnea associated with an increased risk of mood disorders : a population-based cohort study?\nAnswer: There is a greater likelihood of MD manifesting in patients with a history of sleep apnea. Health professionals are thus advised to carefully monitor the psychological impacts of sleep apnea.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-652fa558caf846f997b8bbec85b4756a", "input": "Question: Is hLA-Cw6 homozygosity in plaque psoriasis associated with streptococcal throat infections and pronounced improvement after tonsillectomy : A prospective case series?\nAnswer: Few patients were included and some data were retrospective.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0f84eb6fe7a3423e90c178e8b935159e", "input": "Question: Does depression correlate with quality of life in people with epilepsy independent of the measures used?\nAnswer: The relationship between depression and QoL in people with epilepsy has been demonstrated to be a robust and valid effect, not a result of potential bias of the specific measures used. However, the strength of the association is influenced by the individual instrument. Atypical or subsyndromic forms of depression are as relevant as DSM-based depression in terms of impact on QoL.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-af07488a421440369bf5346cf5c5fd3e", "input": "Question: Do a Report of Transverse Process Fractures Secondary to the Centrifuge in a Healthy Aviator?\nAnswer: The etiology, incidence, and treatment of transverse process fractures are examined to better prepare the clinician for the management of these cases. Puderbaugh MA. A report of transverse process fractures secondary to the centrifuge in a healthy aviator. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2016; 87(7):655-658.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-88ddb38671b848b2a3d42417a8736bff", "input": "Question: Does uPAR enhance malignant potential of triple-negative breast cancer by directly interacting with uPA and IGF1R?\nAnswer: Our outcomes show that not only overexpressed biomarkers promote tumourigenesis, but rather their interactions further potentiate tumour progression. This study emphasises the potential of combined approaches targeting uPAR and its interactors with regard to an improved therapy of TNBC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-22569fabc2c546d59253e31d7e41a23f", "input": "Question: Do multiple syntrophic interactions drive biohythane production from waste sludge in microbial electrolysis cells?\nAnswer: This study proves for the first time that biohythane could be produced directly in biocathode MECs using waste sludge. MEC and alkali-pretreatment accelerated enrichment of hydrogenotrophic methanogen and hydrolysis of waste sludge. The results indicate syntrophic interactions among fermentative bacteria, exoelectrogenic bacteria and methanogenic archaea in MECs are critical for highly efficient conversion of complex organics into biohythane, demonstrating that MECs can be more competitive than conventional anaerobic digestion for biohythane production using carbohydrate-deficient substrates. Biohythane production from waste sludge by MEC provides a promising new way for practical application of microbial electrochemical technology.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e7638ef96f464c7fa3af860f419a130f", "input": "Question: Does association Between Presence of Virulence Genes and Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Klebsiella Pneumoniae isolate?\nAnswer: Our results showed a correlation between presence of virulence gene and antibiotic resistance in K. pneumoniae.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2dbc10e156ed4a39a6a07d53cb814444", "input": "Question: Does prenatal high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation have balanced effects on cord blood Th1 and Th2 responses?\nAnswer: Third-trimester high-dose vitD3 supplementation in healthy pregnant women had balanced effects on biomarkers of cord blood Th1 and Th2 responses.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e317b9e9070f459cac3a23042c2e315d", "input": "Question: Does the new generation synthetic reconstituted surfactant CHF5633 suppress LPS-induced cytokine responses in human neonatal monocytes?\nAnswer: Our data confirm that CHF5633 does not exert unintended pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory effects in human neonatal monocytes. CHF5633 rather suppressed LPS-induced TNF-\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2 cytokine responses. Our data add to previous work and may indicate anti-inflammatory features of CHF5633 on LPS-induced monocyte cytokine responses.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f529c182abb4585b98f132f9fb6d65c", "input": "Question: Does positive expression of miR-361-5p indicate better prognosis for breast cancer patients?\nAnswer: These results indicated that miR-361-5p expression is an independent predictive factor for better prognosis in BC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d2192bd9be0643f29aa16ceba91a2720", "input": "Question: Is cytoplasmic expression of \u03b2-catenin an independent predictor of progression of conventional renal cell carcinoma : a simple immunostaining score?\nAnswer: Cytoplasmic \u03b2-catenin expression is an independent prognostic factor for conventional RCC, and may help to identify patients with a high risk of cancer-specific death and to direct optimized active surveillance or adjuvant therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f8d6216ece364d04b4b0a29b3aa3f218", "input": "Question: Do plasma levels of Galectin-9 reflect disease severity in malaria infection?\nAnswer: Gal-9 is released during acute malaria, and reflects its severity. This elevation of Gal-9 in acute malaria infection raises the possibility of its role in termination of the immune response by binding to Tim-3, a receptor of Gal-9.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-322b519f5f9142a1bbf2a6d74966ae27", "input": "Question: Does spinal Cord Stimulation modulate Gene Expression in the Spinal Cord of an Animal Model of Peripheral Nerve Injury?\nAnswer: Continuously applied SCS modulates expression of key genes involved in the regulation of neuronal membrane potential.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-edef0e5367a74fa8b4b17144d7882912", "input": "Question: Does sMARCE1 regulate metastatic potential of breast cancer cells through the HIF1A/PTK2 pathway?\nAnswer: SMARCE1 plays an essential role in breast cancer metastasis by protecting cells against anoikis through the HIF1A/PTK2 pathway. SMARCE1-mediated PTK2 activation likely plays a key role in promoting metastasis of basal-like and luminal B subtype of breast tumors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c26b4c44ca074d56a75bb3221101c4f7", "input": "Question: Does ataxia Severity correlate with White Matter Degeneration in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 7?\nAnswer: These results suggest a significant contribution of local cerebellar and cerebellar-midbrain connections to ataxic impairment in spinocerebellar ataxia type 7. The results also suggest an involvement of cortical WM abnormalities including tracts within the occipital and frontal cortices. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive view of the clinical impact of the white matter degeneration in spinocerebellar ataxia type 7.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-69c8884976be406e8483dfbf06eae474", "input": "Question: Does rSPO3 expand intestinal stem cell and niche compartments and drives tumorigenesis?\nAnswer: We provide in vivo evidence that RSPO3 stimulates the crypt stem cell and niche compartments and drives rapid intestinal tumorigenesis. This establishes RSPO3 as a potent driver of intestinal cancer and proposes RSPO3 as a candidate target for therapy in patients with colorectal cancer harbouring RSPO3 fusions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e501e85ea32d4b07aabe6cf90e03477b", "input": "Question: Does integrated Epigenomics Analysis reveal a DNA Methylation Panel for Endometrial Cancer Detection Using Cervical Scrapings?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates the potential use of methylated BHLHE22/CDO1/CELF4 panel for endometrial cancer screening of cervical scrapings. Clin Cancer Res; 1-10. \u00a92016 AACR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-be0cc8acdf40422b96282b887e8f8820", "input": "Question: Are organ boundary NAC-domain transcription factors implicated in the evolution of petal fusion?\nAnswer: Together with previous data, our results demonstrate conservation of petunia CUC-like genes in establishing inter-floral whorl organ boundaries, as well as functional evolution to affect the fusion of petunia petals.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-39296394df9b4a83abba51ca0fd0d48a", "input": "Question: Does early \u03b1-fetoprotein response predict survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib?\nAnswer: Early AFP response may be useful for predicting survival in patients with advanced HCC treated with sorafenib.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a00c9ba8275e4af086d96c46b91203f8", "input": "Question: Is higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio related to a lower ejectionfraction in bicuspid aortic valve patients?\nAnswer: NLR is associated with ascending aorta diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction in BAV patients with ascending aorta dilatation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ba8d9c685d6c4d648dfd51a565b84deb", "input": "Question: Does marker of Endothelial Dysfunction Asymmetric Dimethylarginine be Elevated in HIV Infection but Not Associated With Subclinical Atherosclerosis?\nAnswer: Evidence of endothelial dysfunction was found in HIV infection and in untreated compared with treated HIV infection. In untreated HIV infection, the main driver of endothelial dysfunction was viral replication. Importantly, in treated HIV infection, ADMA was not associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Thus, our data question the potential of ADMA as a useful biomarker of early atherosclerosis in treated HIV infection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d40a404dab00433bb10185b676113dc5", "input": "Question: Are explosive Training and Heavy Weight Training Effective for Improving Running Economy in Endurance Athletes : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis?\nAnswer: Explosive training and heavy weight training are effective concurrent training methods aiming to improve RE within a few weeks. However, long-term training programs seem to be necessary when the largest possible improvement in RE is desired.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-92e8487632134681b2eda0e7e03758ef", "input": "Question: Is community readiness for adolescents ' overweight and obesity prevention low in urban South Africa : a case study?\nAnswer: Religious leaders recognised that they act as role models within the community and thus have a role to play in improving adolescent health. They have some knowledge about the overweight/obesity issue and some of the resources could be made available to support overweight/obesity prevention-related initiatives. However, the low community knowledge of efforts and the negative prevailing attitude of the community towards overweight and obesity highlight the need to increase awareness of this issue prior to implementing initiatives on overweight and obesity prevention.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-73ee4cdd02874694a33bb8a33f88c10e", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of late sodium current attenuate ionic arrhythmia mechanism in ventricular myocytes expressing LaminA-N195K mutation?\nAnswer: Inhibition of late I", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-37d36e808a4244e8819eee2abb7510c2", "input": "Question: Does lipopolysaccharide induce SBD-1 expression via the P38 MAPK signaling pathway in ovine oviduct epithelial cells?\nAnswer: Together, these findings suggest that SBD-1 is upregulated by LPS via the TLR4 receptor, mainly through the P38 MAPK signaling pathway in ovine oviduct epithelial cells to protect the ovine oviduct epithelium from pathogen invasion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-606efa4393e942e4a74534099cd68903", "input": "Question: Does deletion of LR11 attenuate Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation With Medial Thickening in Mice?\nAnswer: LR11 regulated SMC proliferation during the progression of hypoxia-induced medial thickening in mice. The findings obtained from mice, together with those in humans, indicate that sLR11 could serve as a novel biomarker that reflects the pathophysiology of proliferating medial SMC in pulmonary arterial hypertension.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-25771425bb3441a998c323033fc91198", "input": "Question: Does miR-20a-5p repress multi-drug resistance in osteosarcoma by targeting the KIF26B gene?\nAnswer: In addition to providing mechanistic insights, our study revealed that miR-20a-5p and KIF26B contribute to OS chemoresistance and determined the roles of these genes in this process, which may be critical for characterizing drug responsiveness and overcoming chemoresistance in OS patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09a49184c8464985a24257233b99c430", "input": "Question: Does pharmacogenetics of efavirenz discontinuation for reported central nervous system symptoms appear to differ by race?\nAnswer: Slow metabolizer genotypes were associated significantly with efavirenz discontinuation for reported CNS symptoms. This association was considerably stronger in Whites than in Blacks.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b4cb3c9358c443a99be0239b5f422206", "input": "Question: Is prophylactic Gentamicin Associated with Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Open Fractures?\nAnswer: Prophylactic gentamicin is not associated with AKI, whereas hypotension on admission and higher ISS were. The use of nephrotoxic agents, including aminoglycosides, should be restricted in open fracture patients presenting with hypotension or a high ISS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-34ddb5b9eb78449f91dba63ac85e3875", "input": "Question: Does population structure from NOS genes correlate with geographical differences in coronary incidence across Europe?\nAnswer: Our results reinforce the hypothesis that genetic bases of cardiovascular diseases and associated complex phenotypes could be geographically shaped by random demographic processes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94c7bd23642e4da0a00a5803fe56a103", "input": "Question: Does cadmium Exposure enhance Bisphenol A-Induced Genotoxicity through 8-Oxoguanine-DNA Glycosylase-1 OGG1 Inhibition in NIH3T3 Fibroblast Cells?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that Cd exposure aggravates BPA-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity through OGG1 inhibition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e013a3169e041a0b0556aab8f7e2d3e", "input": "Question: Do grape compounds suppress colon cancer stem cells in vitro and in a rodent model of colon carcinogenesis?\nAnswer: The suppression of Wnt/\u03b2-catenin signaling and elevated mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in colon CSCs support potential clinical testing/application of grape bioactives for colon cancer prevention and/or therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5ad32c0688b404f9b5d58243fd35bfd", "input": "Question: Is aDAM17 a Tumor Promoter and Therapeutic Target in Western Diet-associated Colon Cancer?\nAnswer: ADAM17 is a Western diet-inducible enzyme activated by CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling, suggesting the pathway: Western diet\u2192CXCL12\u2192CXCR4\u2192ADAM17\u2192TGF\u03b1\u2192EGFR. ADAM17 might serve as a druggable target in chemoprevention strategies. Clin Cancer Res; 1-13. \u00a92016 AACR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5d79e58fd8947d898be6916f79c0d62", "input": "Question: Does continuous Pringle maneuver affect outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection?\nAnswer: Continuous PM effectively reduces intraoperative bleeding and does not adversely impact the outcomes of HCC patients. It remains a valuable tool in hepatic resection, even difficult, complicated resections requiring prolonged clamping times.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-289aaf193234414abac1362637b996ff", "input": "Question: Does lncRNAs expression in adjuvant-induced arthritis rats reveal the potential role of LncRNAs contributing to rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis?\nAnswer: These results revealed that clusters of LncRNAs were uniquely expressed in AA rats compared with controls, which manifests that these differentially expressed LncRNAs in AA rats might play a vital role in RA development. Up-regulation or down-regulation of the six LncRNAs might contribute to the molecular mechanism underlying RA. To sum up, our study provides potential targets for treatment of RA and novel profound understanding of the pathogenesis of RA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4018d8244e024d56a4f5a68d01818fbe", "input": "Question: Does atrial natriuretic peptide induce peroxisome proliferator activated receptor \u03b3 during cardiac ischemia-reperfusion in swine heart?\nAnswer: Atrial natriuretic peptide may achieve its cardioprotective effects in part via the activation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor \u03b3 pathway, particularly in central areas of ischemic lesions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e8c27d69fc44ff0abd4d6eed1b4f5da", "input": "Question: Does micro RNA-19a suppress IL-10 in peripheral B cells from patients with atherosclerosis?\nAnswer: TNF-\u03b1 or IFN-\u03b3 or IL-4 suppresses IL-10 in B cells via up regulating miR-19a expression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-201c82ed4da5451c97d9fba1d550a773", "input": "Question: Are corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 ( CRH-R1 ) polymorphisms associated with irritable bowel syndrome and acoustic startle response?\nAnswer: These findings support that CRH-R1 contributes to the dysregulated stress responsiveness in IBS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-976515e06141446b9b80d9ef3083aadc", "input": "Question: Does carbon Monoxide improve Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells During Sepsis by Production of Specialized Proresolving Lipid Mediators?\nAnswer: Taken together, these data suggest that production of specialized proresolving lipid mediators contribute to improved mesenchymal stromal cell efficacy when exposed to carbon monoxide, resulting in an improved therapeutic response during sepsis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3ab38c4d67e4e8a9f8a3cca3653c279", "input": "Question: Does yoga reduce perceived stress and exhaustion levels in healthy elderly individuals?\nAnswer: Yoga participation can improve mental/emotional wellness, exhaustion levels, and stress levels in elderly individuals, even without measurable improvements in physical function. Clinicians and health practitioners who work with the elderly should consider yoga as a potential therapeutic modality for improving important aspects of quality of life in this population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5866a2900ac40dfb56c73db356c0880", "input": "Question: Does rate of Organ Space Infection be Reduced with the Use of an Air Leak Test During Major Hepatectomies?\nAnswer: The use of an intraoperative ALT significantly reduces the rate of OSI following major hepatectomy and may contribute to lower post-discharge readmission rates.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8256ba46fdc74ae29574dea3783be804", "input": "Question: Does increased Ratio of Visceral to Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Septic Patients be Associated With Adverse Outcome?\nAnswer: Visceral obesity, defined by a high visceral adipose tissue-to-subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio, contributes to adverse outcome in sepsis patients perhaps because of a greater pro- versus anti-inflammatory response.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09f9ea17775c4ae4a348745c1826d744", "input": "Question: Is impaired renal function associated with recurrence after cryoballoon catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation : A potential effect of non-pulmonary vein foci?\nAnswer: Low eGFR at baseline was an independent predictor of recurrence after cryoballoon ablation for paroxysmal AF. The presence of non-PV ectopic beats was significantly increased in patients with impaired renal function, which might be associated with a poor outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3f6fc81566a24e0eb2753ca6f747f466", "input": "Question: Is prophylactic Plasma Transfusion Before Interventional Radiology Procedures Associated With Reduced Bleeding Complications?\nAnswer: In patients undergoing interventional radiology procedures, preprocedural plasma transfusions given in the setting of elevated INR values were associated with increased periprocedural RBC transfusions. Additional research is needed to clarify this potential association between preprocedural plasma transfusion and periprocedural RBC transfusion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e1994ab4b944961b8987e8b4f0a13f2", "input": "Question: Is incidence of Type 1 Diabetes Increasing in a Population-Based Cohort in Olmsted County , Minnesota , USA?\nAnswer: The incidence of T1D has stopped increasing in Olmsted County, Minnesota, in the most recent decade. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding and explore reasons for this plateau.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-989d2ba0f53b4a46bcca67aea0558d62", "input": "Question: Is repeat endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration after a first negative procedure useful in pancreatic lesions?\nAnswer: Repeat EUS-FNA in pancreatic lesions is necessary in patients with a negative first EUS-FNA because it improves the diagnostic yield.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-887bc40dd29e437c9244c06dbc6fa909", "input": "Question: Is exploration under the dome : Esophageal ultrasound with the ultrasound bronchoscope indispensible?\nAnswer: Operators comfortable with the endobronchial ultrasound scope in both the airway and the esophagus can actively seek and successfully perform biopsy of sub-diaphragmatic abnormalities when present and can thereby add to the diagnostic value of the procedure.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2c73fd0343e24f60ad49728eda7d8e16", "input": "Question: Is obstructive sleep apnea associated with visit-to-visit variability in low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in patients with coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: This is the first study to show the independent correlation between OSA severity and visit-to-visit LDL-C variability. Our finding contributes to the understanding of the vasculopathic effects of OSA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7c7f131823ed4dcdb21bd28c46399202", "input": "Question: Is spontaneous Preterm Delivery , Particularly with Reduced Fetal Growth , Associated with DNA Hypomethylation of Tumor Related Genes?\nAnswer: These data suggest that epigenetic modification is associated with an increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery, spontaneous preterm delivery with reduced fetal growth in particular.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-212c67c966d84e7195e37432c5b4f1eb", "input": "Question: Does sleep Quality predict Persistence of Parental Postpartum Depressive Symptoms and Transmission of Depressive Symptoms from Mothers to Fathers?\nAnswer: Postpartum sleep difficulties may contribute to a vicious cycle between sleep and the persistence of depression after the birth of a child. Sleep problems may also contribute to the transmission of depression within a couple. Psychoeducation and behavioral treatments to improve sleep may benefit new parents.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e9a39ff4d494bbdb57c8bb56fe4bc02", "input": "Question: Is high-fat but not sucrose intake essential for induction of dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in guinea pigs?\nAnswer: Collectively, our results suggest that intake of fat and cholesterol, but not sucrose, are the main factors driving the development and progression of dyslipidemia and NAFLD/NASH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-938746f7fb7e4f87bb0a937d754c4a31", "input": "Question: Does clostridium difficile Infection be Associated With Lower Inpatient Mortality When Managed by GI Surgeons?\nAnswer: This was a retrospective study from a single institution, thereby limiting generalizability, with a lack of information regarding premorbid creatinine levels, ileus, or megacolon.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c659e7c90db34cb1bfdb3ca12eda4b34", "input": "Question: Is bOLD quantified renal pO2 sensitive to pharmacological challenges in rats?\nAnswer: Model-derived blood pO2 is sensitive to pharmacological challenges, and baseline pO2 is comparable to literature values. Reporting pO2 instead of R2* could lead to a greater clinical impact of renal BOLD MRI and facilitate the identification of hypoxic regions. Magn Reson Med, 2016. \u00a9 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-222c9225cb534c1d9d22babf2d6d05d9", "input": "Question: Is periodontitis an independent risk indicator for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases among 60 174 participants in a large dental school in the Netherlands?\nAnswer: This cross-sectional analysis of a large cohort in the Netherlands of 60\u2005174 participants shows the independent association of periodontitis with ACVD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a3ec4574e81e43d58443e27896bc1b73", "input": "Question: Does naringin protect against HIV-1 protease inhibitors-induced pancreatic \u03b2-cell dysfunction and apoptosis?\nAnswer: PIs impair \u03b2-cell functions by increasing oxidative stress and apoptosis. Treatment with naringin protected RIN-5F cells from PI-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis. Our results therefore suggest that nutritional supplements with naringin could prevent pancreatic \u03b2-cell dysfunction and the attendant metabolic complications caused by PIs in patients on antiretroviral therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-544cbbc33c90462b9d67f4f23c2d1cd6", "input": "Question: Do the Histologic Classifications of Lung Adenocarcinomas Are Discriminable by Unique Lineage Backgrounds?\nAnswer: For the first time, we showed the unique lineage backgrounds of different histologic subtypes and oncogenic mutations. Assessing this added parameter might be beneficial in discriminating intertumor heterogeneity, advancing target exploration, developing theranostic/prognostic biomarkers, and designing clinical trials.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1f364214e0641498bee9bbd63388bb4", "input": "Question: Does noninvasive Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Molecular Imaging detect Myocardial Inflammatory Response in Autoimmune Myocarditis?\nAnswer: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound molecular imaging can detect endothelial inflammation and leukocyte infiltration in myocarditis in the absence of a detectable decline in left ventricular performance by functional imaging. In particular, imaging of CD4+ T cells involved in autoimmune responses could be helpful in diagnosing myocarditis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-be8e3b66ab5d4f8fbed87047da6448b4", "input": "Question: Is nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor gene variation associated with smoking status in Japanese?\nAnswer: The rs2229205 SNP in the OPRL1 gene may be a genetic factor that contributes to individual differences in the vulnerability to smoking in Japanese individuals.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a0bfe6bdbceb48728cb655e03ac19ac2", "input": "Question: Does n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor autoimmunity affect cognitive performance in herpes simplex encephalitis?\nAnswer: Anti-NMDAR autoimmunity is a common complication to HSE that develops within 3\u00a0months after onset of disease. The association to impaired neurocognitive recovery could have therapeutical implications, as central nervous system autoimmunity is potentially responsive to immunotherapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-de18b988b0ba40e5a903ba279d968e59", "input": "Question: Are viruses frequently present as the infecting agent in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients presenting to hospital?\nAnswer: The spectrum of viruses detected in patients with AECOPD is similar to that of the general population. Viruses are more likely to be identified in patients with AECOPD who present with influenza-like symptoms and a low C-reactive protein.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-00442ab9d9aa47b3b39adf572e1e3417", "input": "Question: Does tissue factor induce VEGF expression via activation of the Wnt/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway in ARPE-19 cells?\nAnswer: Involvement of the activation of the Wnt/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway is an important mediator for TF-induced VEGF production during the process of angiogenesis. Thus, our findings may ascertain the molecular regulation of TF in neovessel formation and show significant therapeutic implications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b93c6d1ea7a414faa43386a337a1857", "input": "Question: Are serum TARC levels strongly correlated with blood eosinophil count in patients with drug eruptions?\nAnswer: Serum TARC levels are well correlated with blood eosinophil counts in patients with generalized drug eruptions, indicating that Th2-type immune reactions underlie TARC production. Serum TARC measurements also have potent diagnostic value for DIHS, with high sensitivity and specificity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c292ffdcafbe4a229f46f7b6ea47b023", "input": "Question: Does overexpression of microRNA-155 suppress chemokine expression induced by Interleukin-13 in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells?\nAnswer: miR-155 specifically inhibits IL-13-induced expression of eosinophilic chemokines CCL11 and CCL26 in bronchial epithelial cells, even though the 3'-untranslated region of these genes do not contain a consensus binding site for miR-155.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e3a52de677ce4fa6ab39d2b4053888d4", "input": "Question: Does human papillomavirus infection correlate with inflammatory Stat3 signaling activity and IL-17 expression in patients with breast cancer?\nAnswer: There may be a possible tri-lateral relationship among HPV infection, constitutive Stat3 activity and IL-17 level, whose collaborations could orchestrate a proinflammatory microenvironment in breast tissues by which promote carcinogenesis and/or facilitate progression of breast cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4ee92745f8e447b59e1376ede65bb948", "input": "Question: 's it just the big kids : both high and low BMI impact bracing success for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?\nAnswer: Based on our results, children on either end of the BMI spectrum are more likely to fail brace treatment for scoliosis than their mid-BMI counterparts. In high-BMI patients, this appears to be in large part attributable to an inadequacy of in-brace curve correction as well as to poorer brace compliance, while a low BMI appears to be an independent risk factor for brace failure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe11da31a8ee42f48d242d50e77425ff", "input": "Question: Does multimodal MRI reveal structural connectivity differences in 22q11 deletion syndrome related to impaired spatial working memory?\nAnswer: Abnormal spatial working memory in 22q11DS is associated with aberrant functional activity in conjunction with gray and white matter structural abnormalities. These anomalies in discrete brain regions may increase susceptibility to the development of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4689-4705, 2016. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-abecc4183eff424688ba3d4187f4c87d", "input": "Question: Does plasmid pPCP1-derived sRNA HmsA promote biofilm formation of Yersinia pestis?\nAnswer: HmsA potentially functions as an activator of biofilm formation in Y. pestis, implying that sRNAs encoded on the laterally acquired plasmids might be involved in the chromosome-based regulatory networks implicated in Y. pestis-specific physiological processes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e3465842d097401ab807b043e20251d8", "input": "Question: Are enemas , suppositories and rectal stimulation effective in accelerating enteral feeding or meconium evacuation in low-birthweight infants : a systematic review?\nAnswer: Suppositories were ineffective in shortening the time to reach full enteral feeding, and the evidence on enemas was contradictory. Enemas and rectal stimulation did not shorten the time until complete meconium evacuation was reached. Further research into safe, effective interventions to accelerate meconium excretion is needed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-35a7e33f52b44c7bac7ff68761c56632", "input": "Question: Does abacavir have no prothrombotic effect on platelets in vitro?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that abacavir does not significantly influence platelet activation in vitro when incubated with platelets from healthy donors or from HIV-infected patients. It is, however, not excluded that a synergistic effect with other drugs could promote platelet activation and thereby play a role in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1bd5f787196b4e23850f7b951f6280e0", "input": "Question: Do atlantic salmon populations reveal adaptive divergence of immune related genes - a duplicated genome under selection?\nAnswer: Our results show that natural selection acting on immune related genes has contributed to genetic divergence between salmon populations in Norway. The differences between populations may have been facilitated by the plasticity of the salmon genome. The observed signatures of selection in duplicated genomic regions suggest that the recently duplicated genome has provided raw material for evolutionary adaptation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6bf894a15cbc4dba8e7db783607a5f48", "input": "Question: Does double-Stranded RNA interact With Toll-Like Receptor 3 in Driving the Acute Inflammatory Response Following Lung Contusion?\nAnswer: We conclude that the interaction of double-stranded RNA from injured cells with toll-like receptor 3 drives the acute inflammatory response following lung contusion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d7229f2e46a43669d516db32059cb64", "input": "Question: Does short-term atorvastatin therapy improve arterial stiffness of middle-aged systemic lupus erythematosus patients with pathological pulse wave velocity?\nAnswer: Short-term atorvastatin therapy reduces arterial stiffness of SLE patients with baseline pathological PWV, who are mainly in the group of middle-aged patients. Further studies are needed to determine whether these patients would benefit from statin therapy in preventing cardiovascular events.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2cc42ac3858c4f34a7d98dd2514f78ab", "input": "Question: Does human upper airway epithelium produce nitric oxide in response to Staphylococcus epidermidis?\nAnswer: This study identifies an NO-mediated innate defense response in sinonasal epithelium elicited by S epidermidis product(s). The active bacterial product is likely a small, nonpeptide molecule that stimulates a pathway independent of bitter taste receptors. Although the NO response to S epidermidis is less vigorous compared with S aureus, the product(s) share similar characteristics. Together, the responses to staphylococci species may help explain the pathophysiology of upper respiratory infections.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4a6d00fc8fd43c5ba0d6a79b0535579", "input": "Question: Do performance of genomic prediction within and across generations in maritime pine?\nAnswer: This study suggests that the training of prediction models on parental populations can predict the genetic merit of the progeny with high accuracy: an encouraging result for the implementation of GS in the maritime pine breeding program.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a200968128f04d90a9c48d1cc58b7024", "input": "Question: Do evolution of clinical features in possible DLB depending on FP-CIT SPECT result?\nAnswer: In patients with possible DLB, apart from UPDRS score, there was no difference in the evolution of DLB clinical features over 6 months between cases with normal and abnormal imaging. Only parkinsonism and dopamine transporter imaging helped to differentiate DLB from non-DLB dementia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-89df2a4202d04994a4f92168df82f0cd", "input": "Question: Is obstructive sleep apnea associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasia?\nAnswer: Physicians should be aware of the association between OSA and the development of colorectal neoplasia and explain the need for colonoscopy to patients with OSA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-877323d4e78f46129ac3c55444ac2a05", "input": "Question: Does non-adherence to the rule of 3 increase the risk of adverse events in esophageal dilation?\nAnswer: Non-adherence to the rule of 3 does not appear to increase the risk of AEs, particularly perforation, after esophageal dilation using bougie dilators. Caution is needed with the dilation of malignant strictures, as there is an increased risk of perforations and AEs. However, large prospective studies are needed to verify the results of this study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5913308dbb9044539502b872adee5af3", "input": "Question: Do manual Lymphatic Drainage and Active Exercise Effects on Lymphatic Function Translate Into Morbidities in Women Who Underwent Breast Cancer Surgery?\nAnswer: MLD and active exercise effects are equivalent with regard to morbidity. Minor changes in lymphatic function associated with either MLD or active exercises were not related to patients' symptoms or signs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cd217731b02f49ad8328a27a09b4c793", "input": "Question: Does iHC4 score plus clinical treatment score predict locoregional recurrence in early breast cancer?\nAnswer: This is the first study of its kind. The IHC4 score\u00a0+\u00a0CTS can be used to identify low risk women who can potentially avoid adjuvant radiotherapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d54934033966436198d6e4782588f9b7", "input": "Question: Does echocardiography predict mortality in hemodynamically stable elderly patients with acute pulmonary embolism?\nAnswer: The prevalence of echocardiographic RV dysfunction varied widely depending upon the definition used. There was no association between RV dysfunction and clinical outcomes. Thus, TTE may not be suitable as a stand-alone risk assessment tool in elderly patients with acute PE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-497ef4f879f54a7d917f8a7d2726bcf0", "input": "Question: Is short sleep duration associated with increased risk of pre-hypertension and hypertension in Chinese early middle-aged females?\nAnswer: Sleeping less than 6\u00a0h a day is associated with increased risk of pre-hypertension and hypertension in Chinese early middle-aged females. The high-risk populations require sufficient sleep, which could probably prevent the increased risk of pre-hypertension as well as hypertension.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3be105bae3443aeba0a6c7f7bc22253", "input": "Question: Does transcriptome Analysis reveal Regulation of Gene Expression for Lipid Catabolism in Young Broilers by Butyrate Glycerides?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that BG reduces body fat deposition via regulation of gene expression, which is involved in the biological events relating to the reduction of synthesis, storage, transportation and secretion, and improvement of oxidation of lipids and fatty acids.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8e8afba7da04aaaa5dc26bf08fc71f7", "input": "Question: Is metabolic syndrome associated with increased risk of Barrett esophagus : A meta-analysis?\nAnswer: Based on the results of current meta-analysis, MS is associated with increased risk of BE. Further long-term follow-up prospective study needs to verify the current results, and definite pathophysiological mechanism needs to be further investigated and clearly elucidated.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-99ef17eb49234396b0a3a1b13a75fc1c", "input": "Question: Are sarcopenic obesity and myosteatosis associated with higher mortality in patients with cirrhosis?\nAnswer: Sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity and myosteatosis are often present in patients with cirrhosis, and sarcopenia and myosteatosis are independently associated with a higher long-term mortality in cirrhosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3be70e9ad246472ba881971a98fcc88c", "input": "Question: Is quality of life in stabilized patients with schizophrenia mainly associated with resilience and self-esteem?\nAnswer: Our results highlight the complex nature of QoL in patients suffering from schizophrenia. They underscore that significant efforts are necessary to enhance resilience and self-esteem and to diminish hopelessness as well as affective and positive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-24b60320ac5a448786fe169c66a257b4", "input": "Question: Are gene family expansions and contractions associated with host range in plant pathogens of the genus Colletotrichum?\nAnswer: This study illustrates the plasticity of Colletotrichum genomes, and shows that major changes in host range are associated with relatively recent changes in gene content.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bea39316c948474f83cb53d733f7d4d2", "input": "Question: Does oral citrulline supplementation protect female mice from the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD )?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that the protective effects of supplementing Cit on the development of NAFLD in mice are associated with a decreased translocation of endotoxin into the portal vein.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f178b919765243ec937aa4798c848324", "input": "Question: Does stress and Coping predict Adjustment and Glycemic Control in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes?\nAnswer: The ways in which adolescents with type 1 diabetes cope with diabetes-related stress predict quality of life and symptoms of depression but not glycemic control. Through the use of screening to identify adolescent's diabetes-related stress and targeted interventions to improve coping strategies, there is potential to improve outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-02e2b85584b8485e8233b07e2c4c698b", "input": "Question: Does cryptosporidium parvum rhomboid1 have an activity in microneme protein CpGP900 cleavage?\nAnswer: Our results showed that CpROM1 is an active protease that is involved in microneme protein CpGP900 cleavage, which lay the foundation for further research on the mechanisms of C. parvum invasion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2dda0e0f9f454d28b2a6786fcdad7414", "input": "Question: Does a negative nontreponemal and/or specific antitreponemal IgM test exclude active infectious syphilis : evidence from a rabbit infectivity test : A case report?\nAnswer: The definitive differential diagnosis of active infectious syphilis should be reconsidered. Moreover, selecting the appropriate penicillin preparation is important because T pallidum can reside in sequestered sites. It is necessary to treat a patient with known invasion of the central nervous system with aqueous crystalline penicillin G, if previous treatment for syphilis failed and patients had some clinical neurological presentation that is otherwise unexplained, but that could represent neurosyphilis. Additional studies are needed to confirm the results in other syphilis patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ae378948f4049f1990be3ecbb16dd4f", "input": "Question: Do use and Outcomes of Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients \u226590 Years of Age?\nAnswer: The use of intravenous tPA among those aged \u226590 years is lower than in younger patients. When fibrinolytic therapy is used, the risk of symptomatic hemorrhage is not higher than in 66- to 89-year olds; however, mortality is higher and functional outcomes are lower.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3f738ea991d44cc8bd8ac86d7507859e", "input": "Question: Is the transposable element environment of human genes associated with histone and expression changes in cancer?\nAnswer: Taken together, these results suggest that the presence of TEs near genes could favor important variation in gene expression when the cell environment is modified.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3af58122d4904653a61ce0d99d2dda28", "input": "Question: Does lymph Node Ratio be Less Prognostic in Melanoma When Minimum Node Retrieval Thresholds Are Not Met?\nAnswer: LNR provides no prognostic superiority versus counts of examined and positive nodes. Moreover, the prognostic value of LNR diminishes when minimum node retrieval thresholds are not met.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e6dcfd0b2b743bcbd1a717633840f87", "input": "Question: Does weight loss induced by bariatric surgery restore adipose tissue PNPLA3 expression?\nAnswer: Weight loss induced by LAGB restored adipose tissue PNPLA3 expression which is suppressed by TNF\u03b1. Further studies will be required to determine the functional impact of PNPLA3 and its related genetic variation on adipose tissue inflammation and NAFLD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c93fe3eca7c04e2aa72f12377a992840", "input": "Question: Does cystathionine-Gamma-Lyase Gene Deletion protect Mice against Inflammation and Liver Sieve Injury following Polymicrobial Sepsis?\nAnswer: Mice with CSE (an H2S synthesising enzyme) gene deletion are less susceptible to CLP-induced sepsis and associated inflammatory response through ERK1/2-NF-\u03baB p65 pathway as evidenced by reduced inflammation, tissue damage, and LSECs defenestration and gaps formation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c8d1f9c1f0249b1922b45c35714ebef", "input": "Question: Does inosine enhance recovery of grasp following cortical injury to the primary motor cortex of the rhesus monkey?\nAnswer: These findings demonstrate that inosine can enhance recovery of function following cortical injury in monkeys.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-10e4afbb84b64f63a56d8f194342f646", "input": "Question: Is serum gamma-glutamyltransferase associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: Serum GGT levels were significantly associated with obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, and metabolic syndrome, but not with the early and late stages of atherosclerotic vascular changes, in patients with type 2 diabetes. Serum GGT level may not be a reliable marker of subclinical atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d3b71704147d496d805258cd4c09f200", "input": "Question: Does molecular characterisation of parvoviruses from domestic cats reveal emergence of newer variants in India?\nAnswer: Detection of CPV in both diarrhoeic/healthy cats and the occurrence of FPV infection in a vaccinated cat provide new insights into parvovirus infections in cats in India.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-86589cc9c7db42dca8034c338f76fc5e", "input": "Question: Do patients With Short Bowel on Narcotics During 2 Randomized Trials Have Abdominal Complaints Independent of Teduglutide?\nAnswer: These results suggest that patients with short bowel syndrome receiving narcotics have chronic GI complaints independent of teduglutide treatment. Data included in this analysis were derived from ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00081458 and NCT00798967 (EudraCT 2004-000438-35 and 2008-006193-15).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-21e9e35f75344134af92deb8ce595239", "input": "Question: Is urine NGAL useful in the clinical evaluation of renal function in the early course of acute pancreatitis?\nAnswer: The measurement of NGAL levels, particularly in urine, is simple, easy to interpret, routinely available, and clinically useful in the assessment of dynamic changes in kidney function for patients with AP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8be9e53da224753936fc600f5f00c21", "input": "Question: Does haptoglobin or Hemopexin Therapy prevent Acute Adverse Effects of Resuscitation After Prolonged Storage of Red Cells?\nAnswer: In mice, the adverse effects of transfusion with SRBCs after hemorrhagic shock are ameliorated by treatment with either haptoglobin or hemopexin. Haptoglobin infusion prevents kidney injury associated with high plasma hemoglobin concentrations after resuscitation with SRBCs. Treatment with the naturally occurring human plasma proteins haptoglobin or hemopexin may have beneficial effects in conditions of severe hemolysis after prolonged hypotension.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d069958b74514596a69b39b05c391109", "input": "Question: Does decreased Soluble Guanylate Cyclase contribute to Cardiac Dysfunction Induced by Chronic Doxorubicin Treatment in Mice?\nAnswer: These data demonstrate that a reduction in cardiac sGC activity worsens doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice and identify sGC as a potential therapeutic target. Various pharmacological sGC agonists are in clinical development or use and may represent a promising approach to limit doxorubicin-associated cardiotoxicity. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f97d73e21384255ad4cfad79404ffed", "input": "Question: Does changes in lung sound during asthma progression in a guinea pig model?\nAnswer: Lung sound intensity in the middle frequency range from 501 to 1000\u00a0Hz correlated with peripheral airway wall thickness. Inspiratory sound intensity appeared to be an indicator of morphological changes in small airways in asthma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-63f12be166c8482c8ad5b14922a3445c", "input": "Question: Does the Urtica dioica extract enhance sensitivity of paclitaxel drug to MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrated that the dichloromethane extract of Urtica dioica inhibit cell growth and migration. Also, Urtica dioica extract substantially increased sensitivity of breast cancer cells to paclitaxel. Therefore, it can be used as a potential candidate for treatment of breast cancer with paclitaxel.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c76c9a9aed84aabbeeddd591142bb0f", "input": "Question: Does miR-622 functions as a tumor suppressor and directly target E2F1 in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that miR-622 may act as a tumor suppressor in ESCC and would serve as a potential therapy target for this disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9be310e50c5340a288120e78df4fa3fe", "input": "Question: Does melatonin prevent radiation-induced oxidative stress and periodontal tissue breakdown in irradiated rats with experimental periodontitis?\nAnswer: It was found that radiotherapy increased oxidative stress, the periodontal attachment level and alveolar bone loss, and protective melatonin administration significantly reduced the oxidative parameters and prevented periodontal damage in irradiated rats with experimental periodontitis. Further research is needed regarding the use of systemic melatonin administration before radiation therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-35eaf1ee849a4d0287214cc5380bcc67", "input": "Question: Is transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 ( TRPA1 ) functionally expressed in primary human osteoarthritic chondrocytes?\nAnswer: The TRPA1 cation channel was found to be functionally expressed in primary human OA chondrocytes, which is an original finding. The presence and inflammatory and catabolic effects of TRPA1 in human OA chondrocytes propose a highly intriguing role for TRPA1 as a pathogenic factor and drug target in OA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3a4eaa7a4b464b30b89fbf6ac1ed8b17", "input": "Question: Does amplification of TLK2 induce Genomic Instability via Impairing the G2-M Checkpoint?\nAnswer: Targeting TLK2 presents an attractive therapeutic strategy for the TLK2-amplified breast cancers that possess enhanced genomic instability and aggressiveness. Mol Cancer Res; 14(10); 920-7. \u00a92016 AACR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d30d3c27f17424ca33b54719c655c3d", "input": "Question: Does a Blockade of IGF Signaling sensitize Human Ovarian Cancer Cells to the Anthelmintic Niclosamide-Induced Anti-Proliferative and Anticancer Activities?\nAnswer: Niclosamide as a repurposed anticancer agent may be more efficacious when combined with agents that target other signaling pathways such as IGF signaling in the treatment of human cancers including ovarian cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-77f70a8f0e3045628457f0b9b59a04dc", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of ADAM10 promote the clearance of A\u03b2 across the BBB by reducing LRP1 ectodomain shedding?\nAnswer: These studies demonstrate a role for ADAM10 in the ectodomain shedding of LRP1 in the brain and the clearance of A\u03b2 across the BBB, which may provide a novel strategy for attenuating A\u03b2 accumulation in the AD brain.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a2f2d36c60924dfc94d5eff72f376755", "input": "Question: Does moderate Physical Activity in Healthy Adults be Associated With Cardiac Remodeling?\nAnswer: Exercise-related cardiac remodeling is not confined to athletes, and there is a risk of overdiagnosing cardiac dilatation or hypertrophy in a proportion of active, healthy adults.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-66d140e230e0408782972c08c58b0017", "input": "Question: Do anthracycline-Associated T1 Mapping Characteristics Are Elevated Independent of the Presence of Cardiovascular Comorbidities in Cancer Survivors?\nAnswer: Three years after anthracycline-based chemotherapy, elevations in myocardial T1 and ECV occur independent of underlying cancer or cardiovascular comorbidities, suggesting that imaging biomarkers of interstitial fibrosis in cancer survivors are related to prior receipt of a potentially cardiotoxic cancer treatment regimen.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1fe642c0f1f64184987c20d2b8dc96f6", "input": "Question: Is high salt intake associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events : a 7.2-year evaluation of a cohort of hypertensive patients?\nAnswer: In a cohort of hypertensive patients, high salt intake independently predicts the occurrence of CV events, particularly of stroke.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d4bbfb3a9da436695ff556a60bf84bb", "input": "Question: Is palliative homecare associated with reduced high- and low-acuity emergency department visits at the end of life : A population-based cohort study of cancer decedents?\nAnswer: Receiving homecare nursing with palliative intent may decrease the need for dying cancer patients to visit the emergency department, for both high and low-acuity visits, compared to receiving general homecare nursing. Policy implications include building support for additional training in palliative care to generalist homecare nurses and increasing access to palliative homecare nursing.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b6f2fdb9c422481c899d4f4b149ba4d2", "input": "Question: Is actual lowering effect of metabolic syndrome on serum prostate-specific antigen levels partly concealed by enlarged prostate : results from a large-scale population-based study?\nAnswer: The actual lowering effect of MetS on serum PSA levels was partly concealed by the enlarged prostate in men with MetS, and the presence of MetS was independently associated with lower serum PSA levels. Urologists need to be aware of the effect of MetS on serum PSA levels and should discuss this subject with their patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee3b436eb9a24134b4555d054016d0c1", "input": "Question: Does leucocyte count indicate carotid plaque instability in stroke patients?\nAnswer: The number of Le is associated with the phenomenon of carotid plaque instability and may be a useful additional marker of increased risk for developing acute cerebral infarction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-82935964c9b54bab88bb9bd9515a51d0", "input": "Question: Does c-type natriuretic peptide and natriuretic peptide receptor B signalling inhibit cardiac sympathetic neurotransmission and autonomic function?\nAnswer: C-type natriuretic peptide reduces cardiac sympathetic neurotransmission via a reduction in neuronal calcium signalling and NE release through the NPR-B receptor. Situations impairing CNP-NPR-B signalling lead to hypertension, tachycardia, and impaired left ventricular systolic function secondary to sympatho-excitation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a181d1c405a488ab4b12bde728f4b00", "input": "Question: Does comparative DNA methylation and gene expression analysis identify novel genes for structural congenital heart diseases?\nAnswer: By interrogating DNA methylation and gene expression data, we identify two novel mechanism contributing to the phenotypic expression of CHDs: aberrant methylation of promoter CpG islands and methylation alterations leading to differential splicing.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce6f337d9811417685e18a0f8bee26c5", "input": "Question: Does postnatal Loss of Kindlin-2 lead to Progressive Heart Failure?\nAnswer: Kindlin-2 is required to maintain integrin \u03b21D protein stability. Postnatal loss of Kindlin-2 from cardiac myocytes leads to progressive heart failure, showing the importance of costameric proteins like Kindlin-2 for homeostasis of normal heart function.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b2e0a5c87ac408fb16e0db3dbc76c97", "input": "Question: Do residency program trainee-satisfaction correlate with results of the European board examination in neurosurgery?\nAnswer: With every one-step improvement on the country-specific satisfaction score for theoretical training, the score in the EBE-NS Part 1 increased by 3.8\u00a0%. With every one-step improvement on the country-specific satisfaction score for practical training, the score in the EBE-NS Part 2 increased by 9.47\u00a0%. Improving training conditions is likely to have a direct positive influence on the knowledge level of trainees, as measured by the EBE-NS. The effect of the actual working time on the theoretical and practical knowledge of neurosurgical trainees appears to be insignificant.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-85602460069349ca8fac74e843622327", "input": "Question: Is esophageal Mucosal Impedance Pattern Distinct in Patients With Extraesophageal Reflux Symptoms and Pathologic Acid Reflux?\nAnswer: Patients with symptoms of EER and evidence of acid reflux have an MI lower than those without at 2\u2009cm above the SCJ, with a trend at 5\u2009cm and 10\u2009cm as well. MI may be a tool to assess presence of GERD in patients presenting with EER symptoms.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad11961fc53c47548917497ffcf33c02", "input": "Question: Does in vivo imaging of antileukemic drug asparaginase reveal a rapid macrophage mediated clearance from the bone marrow?\nAnswer: We show that asparaginase is rapidly cleared from the serum by liver, spleen and bone marrow-resident phagocytic cells. As a consequence of this efficient uptake and protease mediated degradation, particularly bone marrow resident macrophages may provide a protective niche to leukemic cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3003854ae72445f3bca1d5dc5087d84c", "input": "Question: Does sodium Hypochlorite inactivate Lipoteichoic Acid of Enterococcus faecalis by Deacylation?\nAnswer: NaOCl deacylates the glycolipid moiety of EfLTA, which fails to activate TLR2, leading to the reduced production of inflammatory mediators.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c5f073200cd4377823c2f025d376992", "input": "Question: Does trends and correlate of substance use disorders among probationers and parolees in the United States 2002-2014?\nAnswer: This study indicates that SUDs are higher among probationer/parolees as compared to their non-supervised counterparts - between four and nine times higher - and these levels have changed little in recent years. Effectively responding to SUDs in this population may enhance adherence to supervision requirements, prevent recidivism, and improve public safety. We may be better served using limited funds for further development of evidence-based policies and programs, such as drug courts, which demonstrate reductions in both drug use and recidivism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-021f28f307c64264bcad7aa9fb94da73", "input": "Question: Does post-exercise heart-rate recovery correlate to resting heart-rate variability in healthy men?\nAnswer: HRR from the 1st to 5th min post-exercise negatively correlated with parasympathetic modulation in resting orthostatic, but showed no correlation in supine position. At the 3rd and 5th min, a positive correlation with combined sympathetic-parasympathetic modulation in both positions was observed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa2f1476abfd4a718e309135d3ee2387", "input": "Question: Does low dose dietary nitrate improve endothelial dysfunction and plaque stability in the?\nAnswer: Low and moderate dose nitrate significantly improved endothelial function and atherosclerotic plaque composition in ApoE", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-691eaa86b0ad4d71b5080fb0d6b274d0", "input": "Question: Does uropathogenic Escherichia coli release Extracellular Vesicles That Are Associated with RNA?\nAnswer: These data add to the growing evidence of pathogenic bacterial MV being associated a wide range of RNAs. It further raises the plausibility for MV-RNA-mediated cross-kingdom communication whereby they influence host cell function during the infection process.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f47cbad5d9de461c9157c50bf7544d01", "input": "Question: Are older patients still under-represented in clinical trials of Alzheimer 's disease?\nAnswer: Patients enrolled in clinical trials on Alzheimer's disease are far from being representative of actual distribution of the patients in the general population. Clinical research should not be designed and conducted overlooking the fact that the majority of individuals with Alzheimer's disease are likely to be 80 or older.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-88eb7616363e4286a9c69d3de85c0b1c", "input": "Question: Does encoding of speech sound at auditory brainstem level in good and poor hearing aid performers?\nAnswer: The result of the present study suggests that neural encoding of speech sound at the brainstem level might be mediated distinctly in good hearing aid performers from that of poor hearing aid performers. Thus, it can be inferred that subtle physiological changes are evident at the auditory brainstem in a person who is willing to accept noise from those who are not willing to accept noise.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2f636c435de431c810c211db32b0fe1", "input": "Question: Is preoperative Statin Use at the Time of Radical Prostatectomy Associated With Biochemical Recurrence or Pathologic Upgrading?\nAnswer: Preoperative statin use at the time of radical prostatectomy was not associated with biochemical recurrence or risk of pathologic upgrading in this cohort. These data add to the existing body of literature suggesting that statin use is not associated with more favorable clinical outcomes following radical prostatectomy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3b7db66f33340b694db8c46dd04f883", "input": "Question: Does dietary beet pulp decrease taurine status in dogs fed low protein diet?\nAnswer: These results do not support the hypothesis that RB is likely to be a primary cause of lamb meal and rice diets, increasing the risk of taurine deficiency in large dogs. However these indicate that BP may contribute to a decrease taurine status in dogs by increasing excretion of fecal BA and decreasing protein digestibility, thus decreasing the bioavailability of sulfur amino acids, the precursors of taurine.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9d3621485d434c60871571cef4cff15e", "input": "Question: Is dietary counseling associated with an improved lipid profile in children with familial hypercholesterolemia?\nAnswer: FH children had a higher intake of SFA than recommended and the SFA intake was positively correlated with plasma TC, LDL-C and apo B levels in FH children not using statins. Importantly, the plasma lipid profile was improved in FH children after dietary counseling where focus was on reducing intake of SFA and dietary cholesterol.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1148d07e63ba49799e89f6f587e8e176", "input": "Question: Does a tissue-specific protein purification approach in Caenorhabditis elegans identify novel interaction partners of DLG-1/Discs large?\nAnswer: The method we present here is able to purify protein complexes from specific tissues. We uncovered a series of DLG-1 interactors, and conclude that ATAD-3 is a biologically relevant interaction partner of DLG-1. Finally, we conclude that MAPH-1.1 is a microtubule-associated protein of the MAP1 family and a candidate neuron-specific interaction partner of DLG-1.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-24e36b2880794df88460108af6c7d2f5", "input": "Question: Does invasive aortic pulse wave velocity as a marker for arterial stiffness predict outcome of renal sympathetic denervation?\nAnswer: Patients with lower pulse wave velocity showed a significantly better response to denervation. These findings emphasise that pulse wave velocity might be used as a selection criterion for renal denervation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f38e39c347944706a5e3d563f97c3c58", "input": "Question: Is dCLK1 up-regulated and associated with metastasis and prognosis in colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: DCLK1 up-regulation may play a contributory role in CRC metastasis and poor prognosis via activation of EMT. DCLK1 may serve as an independent predictor for CRC prognosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0a103835bd8b48ceb24964f57d8ba148", "input": "Question: Is metastasectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the era of modern systemic treatment : C-reactive protein an independent predictor of overall survival?\nAnswer: Elevated C-reactive protein >5 mg/L was identified as an independent predictor of survival in a contemporary patient collective undergoing metastasectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Future analyses and risk stratification tools for patients undergoing metastasectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma should aim to evaluate and include C-reactive protein. To overcome low patient numbers, multi-institutional studies should be carried out.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed2b2b1e96204a7a867507d31524a5e3", "input": "Question: Does a pilot study of parent education intervention improve early childhood development among toddlers with sickle cell disease?\nAnswer: We report longitudinal results of the first home visitation program within the early childhood SCD population and show significant improvement in cognitive and EL development. Additionally, home environment was a significant predictor of cognitive development. Randomized controlled trials to test the impact of interventions targeting the home environment are warranted for this vulnerable population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6abb7b617aa4431b9f42dad014909978", "input": "Question: Does stomal maturation increase the rate of tracheocutaneous fistulas?\nAnswer: Comparable rates of persistent TCF with stomal maturation (27%) and without maturation (22%) were found in this single institution's 10-year experience.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c94003a9c2c4f3d9c7e4a64411f44d4", "input": "Question: Is high T2-weighted signal intensity associated with elevated troponin T in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?\nAnswer: In this CMR study of patients with HCM, we observed HighT2 in a quarter of patients, and demonstrated that HighT2 was associated with an elevated hs-cTnT. This observation, combined with the very high negative predictive value of an undetectable hs-cTnT for HighT2, provides supportive evidence for the hypothesis that HighT2 is indicative of recently sustained myocyte injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5c9777873a71468386e6a9c55ff727c7", "input": "Question: Is combination of 5 % phenylephrine and 0.5 % tropicamide eyedrops for pupil dilation in neonates twice as effective as 0.5 % tropicamide eyedrops alone?\nAnswer: The dilated pupil surface area for the combination of 5% phenylephrine and 0.5% tropicamide was almost twice that for 0.5% tropicamide eyedrops alone and provided significantly superior quality of the eye fundus examination.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e380e130ad64eebaf13165deb380de8", "input": "Question: Do apitherapy products enhance the recovery of CCL4-induced hepatic damages in rats?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that honey, propolis, pollen, and royal jelly significantly enhanced the healing of CCl4-induced liver damage, partially due to their antioxidant properties and bioavailability.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b4c01498fa8459ab2d31b7690de1490", "input": "Question: Does intrabone marrow injection enhance placental mesenchymal stem cellmediated support of hematopoiesis in mice?\nAnswer: Our results not only elucidated the role of PMSCs in promoting hematopoiesis, but also revealed the therapeutic potential of the combination of PMSCs and IBMI in transplantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb479a1738cf463090d53a73fe8d60a0", "input": "Question: Does complement C3a predict outcome in cardiac resynchronization therapy of heart failure?\nAnswer: In patients with CRT, elevated C3a levels increase the risk of mortality independent of the NT-proBNP levels or other factors. CRT exerts anti-inflammatory effect by reducing the complement activation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fcbbff2253cc4f95a7c1c9813872d752", "input": "Question: Does over-expression of long noncoding RNA BANCR inhibit malignant phenotypes of human bladder cancer?\nAnswer: These data suggested that BANCR represents a tumor suppressor player in bladder cancer, contributes to tumor proliferation, apoptosis and migration, and may serve as a new candidate biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for patients with BC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e48aea9907dd4c07adf3d8cba5ea774f", "input": "Question: Does whole genome sequencing reveal mycobacterial microevolution among concurrent isolates from sputum and blood in HIV infected TB patients?\nAnswer: Among HIV-infected patients with poor cellular immunity, infection with multiple strains of M. tuberculosis was found in half of the patients. In those patients with identical strains, whole genome sequencing indicated that M. tuberculosis intra-patient microevolution does occur in a few patients, yet did not reveal a consistent direction of spread between sputum and blood. This suggests that these compartments are highly connected and potentially seed each other repeatedly.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b6f1f1c3f6bb46af84cd8fc6bbb63de5", "input": "Question: Does imaging mass spectrometry assist in the classification of diagnostically challenging atypical Spitzoid neoplasms?\nAnswer: IMS diagnosis of ASN better predicted clinical outcome than histopathology. Diagnosis of Spitzoid melanoma by IMS was strongly associated with aggressive clinical behavior. IMS analysis using a proteomic signature may improve the diagnosis and prediction of outcome/risk stratification for patients with ASN.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e70acc8b0e9644f7b7fafc223bc339b9", "input": "Question: Does degenerin channel activation cause caspase-mediated protein degradation and mitochondrial dysfunction in adult C. elegans muscle?\nAnswer: Constitutive cationic influx into muscle appears to cause caspase degradation of cytosolic proteins as the result of mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be relevant to ageing and sarcopenia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a46441a05f254345b55ddfd5151f7354", "input": "Question: Is p62/SQSTM1 but not LC3 accumulated in sarcopenic muscle of mice?\nAnswer: Sarcopenia in mice appears to include a marked defect of autophagy signaling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fdbf5aeb506a425bb67242aed8eed0ed", "input": "Question: Does salidroside alleviate cachexia symptoms in mouse models of cancer cachexia via activating mTOR signalling?\nAnswer: In the current study, the exciting effect of salidroside on CAC suggested that salidroside supplementation might be a promising approach for a multi-targeted therapy for the treatment of CAC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-59d435bd7fa24047bb571f72a95171c9", "input": "Question: Does rAMP1 suppress mucosal injury from dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice?\nAnswer: The findings of this study suggest that RAMP1 exerted mucosal protection in DSS-induced colitis via attenuation of recruitment of inflammatory cells and of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5dea631ba7fb40dbaf1e50b342817e43", "input": "Question: Do biomechanical comparison of sinus floor elevation and alternative treatment methods for dental implant placement?\nAnswer: Based on the results of this study, the LSL method should be the first choice among treatment options. Considering its successful results under conditions of oblique forces, the SIP method may be preferable to the TIP method. In contrast, every effort should be made to avoid the use of DCs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d6ac29311f040f69fef13cd18352f5d", "input": "Question: Does lipopolysaccharide-induced preconditioning protect against traumatic spinal cord injury by upregulating Nrf2 expression in rats?\nAnswer: LPS preconditioning effectively alleviates TSCI-induced impairment and preserves nervous function in a Nrf2-dependent manner.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-036865578deb43adb9340e6cb1cce332", "input": "Question: Does rACK1 overexpression associate with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma growth and poor prognosis?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that RACK1 could play an important role in the tumorigenesis of PDAC and serve as a potential therapeutical target in PDAC treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5c068492f9fc4bfcb7dd3f1dc8a9cdd6", "input": "Question: Does imaging-genomics reveal driving pathways of MRI derived volumetric tumor phenotype features in Glioblastoma?\nAnswer: GBM volumetric features extracted from MRI are significantly enriched for information about the biological state of a tumor that impacts patient outcomes. Clinical decision-support systems could exploit this information to develop personalized treatment strategies on the basis of noninvasive imaging.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-68b086dd1f6e4050a1e1f80e356d25d6", "input": "Question: Does exposure of Stored Packed Erythrocytes to Nitric Oxide prevent Transfusion-associated Pulmonary Hypertension?\nAnswer: NO treatment of stored packed erythrocytes before transfusion oxidizes cell-free oxyhemoglobin to methemoglobin, prevents subsequent NO scavenging in the pulmonary vasculature, and limits pulmonary hypertension. NO treatment increases erythrocyte deformability and erythrocyte survival after transfusion. NO treatment might provide a promising therapeutic approach to prevent pulmonary hypertension and extend erythrocyte survival.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e096d21b99a448ac9152b551a90ceaf4", "input": "Question: Is fatigue in primary Sj\u00f6gren 's syndrome associated with lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines?\nAnswer: Cytokines, pain and depression appear to be the most powerful predictors of fatigue in pSS. Our data challenge the notion that proinflammatory cytokines directly mediate fatigue in chronic immunological conditions. Instead, we hypothesise that mechanisms regulating inflammatory responses may be important.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-46e0f3e2482045aab8f4c1211aae523b", "input": "Question: Is compliance with the current recommendations for prescribing antibiotics for paediatric community-acquired pneumonia improving : data from a prospective study in a French network?\nAnswer: We observed a significant increase in the compliance with recommendations, with a reduction in the prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics, efforts to improve antibiotic prescriptions must continue.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4581955dcea74551bf92ef21b9cf7936", "input": "Question: Is bnPME progressively induced after microspore reprogramming to embryogenesis , correlating with pectin de-esterification and cell differentiation in Brassica napus?\nAnswer: The results show that the change of developmental programme of the microspore involves changes in pectin esterification associated with proliferation and differentiation events, which may cause the cell wall remodeling during the process. The findings indicate pectin-related modifications in the cell wall during microspore embryogenesis, providing new insights into the role of pectin esterification and cell wall configuration in microspore totipotency, embryogenesis induction and progression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b7ac099b6eb4916943bb70d0f42487e", "input": "Question: Does n-pentyl-nitrofurantoin induce apoptosis in HL-60 leukemia cell line by upregulating BAX and downregulating BCL-xL gene expression?\nAnswer: The results indicate that NFP induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells by upregulating BAX and downregulating BCL-xL.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f259ebc208504f70b7be2c669356cf60", "input": "Question: Does puerarin inhibit the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis via modulation of the NF-\u03baB pathway in a rabbit model?\nAnswer: This study indicates that the effect of puerarin on the suppression of atherosclerosis was connected with an inhibited inflammatory response and reduced NF-\u03baB activation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2a848ad3f04e487f99c2cbca2bd12fac", "input": "Question: Does comprehensive repeatome annotation reveal strong potential impact of repetitive elements on tomato ripening?\nAnswer: Altogether, our study emphasizes the fractionation as defined by repeat content in the tomato genome and enables to further characterize the specificities of each genomic compartment. Additionally, our results present strong associations between differentially regulated genes, differentially methylated regions and repeats, suggesting a potential adaptive function of repeats in tomato ripening. Our work therefore provides significant perspectives for the understanding of the impact of repeats on the maturation of fleshy fruits.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7bb63ba645954a9790812e1ae6dd6386", "input": "Question: Do cAMP-Epac Pathway Stimulation Modulate Connexin-43 and MicroRNA-21 Expression in Glioma Cells?\nAnswer: These findings demonstrate that low grade astrocytoma cells have better response to our pharmacological interventions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4c7fd54692f45f4ada91cdd664398b9", "input": "Question: Does natal habitat imprinting counteract the diversifying effects of phenotype-dependent dispersal in a spatially structured population?\nAnswer: Taken together, the current and previous findings that pied flycatchers do not always settle in the habitat to which they are best suited suggest that their strong tendency to return to the natal patch regardless of their body size might lead to maladaptive settlement decisions and thus constrain the potential of phenotype-dependent dispersal to promote microgeographic adaptation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-df2e44dea956426094c8898c67150cc7", "input": "Question: Does endothelial Jag1-RBPJ signalling promote inflammatory leucocyte recruitment and atherosclerosis?\nAnswer: Notch signalling pathway inactivation decreases leucocyte rolling, thereby preventing endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation. Attenuation of Notch signalling might provide a treatment strategy for atherosclerosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ec40c5887ea4292bf7b4effbcc8518a", "input": "Question: Does damage Patterns at the Head-Stem Taper Junction help Understand the Mechanisms of Material Loss?\nAnswer: These material loss maps allow us to suggest different mechanisms that dominate the cause of the material loss in each pattern: (1) corrosion, (2) mechanically assisted corrosion, or (3) intraoperative damage or poor size tolerances leading to toggling of trunnion in taper.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-23cdf79f62694845861dfc0b98eec3f6", "input": "Question: Does posttraumatic stress disorder influence the nociceptive and intrathecal cytokine response to a painful stimulus in combat veterans?\nAnswer: These findings show significant central nervous system (CNS) differences in the inflammatory response to a deep pain stimulus in combat veterans with and without PTSD. They support the concept that abnormally elevated neuroinflammatory response to pain stimuli may be one CNS mechanism accounting for the high co-occurrence of PTSD and pain.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4db1f9424bf342dfa438b6b3af9b216a", "input": "Question: Do [ EuroSCORE underestimate the mortality risk in cardiac valve surgery of Mexican population ]?\nAnswer: In the INCICh 88.7% of patients with cardiac valve surgery had intermediate to high risk and EuroSCORE underestimated the risk of mortality.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1bfe83456a7846e68570cc5d3fd12b65", "input": "Question: Is methadone superior to fentanyl in treating neuropathic pain in patients with head-and-neck cancer?\nAnswer: This is the first study to compare the effects of Met to Fen in cancer patients with a neuropathic pain component. Based on the results of this study, Met should be considered in the treatment of oncological pain with a neuropathic component.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-53471482fd8c4ef99cdddae458559d68", "input": "Question: Does targeting factor VIII expression to platelets for hemophilia A gene therapy induce an apparent thrombotic risk in mice?\nAnswer: Background Targeting factor (F) VIII expression to platelets is a promising gene therapy approach for hemophilia A, and is successful even in the presence of inhibitors. It is well known that platelets play important roles not only in hemostasis, but also in thrombosis and inflammation. Objective To evaluate whether platelet-FVIII expression might increase thrombotic risk and thereby compromise the safety of this approach. Methods In this study, platelet-FVIII-expressing transgenic mice were examined either in steady-state conditions or under prothrombotic conditions induced by inflammation or the FV Leiden mutation. Native whole blood thrombin generation assay, rotational thromboelastometry analysis and ferric chloride-induced vessel injury were used to evaluate the hemostatic properties. Various parameters associated with thrombosis risk, including D-dimer, thrombin-antithrombin complexes, fibrinogen, tissue fibrin deposition, platelet activation status and activatability, and platelet-leukocyte aggregates, were assessed. Results We generated a new line of transgenic mice that expressed 30-fold higher levels of platelet-expressed FVIII than are therapeutically required to restore hemostasis in hemophilic mice. Under both steady-state conditions and prothrombotic conditions induced by lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammation or the FV Leiden mutation, supratherapeutic levels of platelet-expressed FVIII did not appear to be thrombogenic. Furthermore, FVIII-expressing platelets were neither hyperactivated nor hyperactivatable upon agonist activation. Conclusion We conclude that, in mice, more than 30-fold higher levels of platelet-expressed FVIII than are required for therapeutic efficacy in hemophilia A are not associated with a thrombotic predilection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-552e2b71631d4dbf930fee14fc6011cc", "input": "Question: Is aNGPTL2 associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and death in diabetic patients?\nAnswer: In patients with type 2 diabetes, serum ANGPTL2 concentrations were independently associated with death and MACE. Therefore, ANGPTL2 is a promising candidate biomarker for improving risk stratification in type 2 diabetes patients, and may prove to be a valuable therapeutic target.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d2e5b3d707b44db9f630e71fd9e5b78", "input": "Question: Do aRDS Subphenotypes Respond Differently to Randomized Fluid Management Strategy?\nAnswer: This analysis confirms the presence of two ARDS subphenotypes that can be accurately identified with a limited number of variables and that responded differently to randomly-assigned fluid management. These findings support the presence of ARDS subtypes that may require different treatment approaches.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7158952d19f840b5be8df1bb213cda26", "input": "Question: Does a Pleiotropic Missense Variant in SLC39A8 be Associated With Crohn 's Disease and Human Gut Microbiome Composition?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that an\u00a0SLC39A8-dependent shift in the gut microbiome could explain its\u00a0pleiotropic effects on multiple complex diseases including\u00a0CD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fcffbbb5d0ff45d6a653b18ef11c13e3", "input": "Question: Is prognostic value of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio superior to platelet-lymphocyte ratio for survival in patients who underwent complete resection of thymic carcinoma?\nAnswer: The preoperative NLR of >4.1 was significantly associated with larger tumor size, more advanced Masaoka stages and reduced DFS and OS, but was not an independent predictor of survival in thymic carcinoma patients after complete resection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-12e520b4cd934c12bee3994c1a3692d9", "input": "Question: Does microRNA-21 mediate Angiotensin II-Induced Liver Fibrosis by Activating NLRP3 Inflammasome/IL-1\u03b2 Axis via Targeting Smad7 and Spry1?\nAnswer: Mir-21 mediates AngII-activated NLRP3 inflammasome and resultant HSC activation via targeting Spry1 and Smad7. Ang-(1-7) protected against BDL or AngII infusion-induced hepatic fibrosis and inhibited mir-21 expression. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf4608c9014b46f9a27423a231756350", "input": "Question: Does leukocyte concentration and composition in platelet-rich plasma ( PRP ) influence the growth factor and protease concentrations?\nAnswer: These findings demonstrate that leukocytes strongly influence the quality of PRPs. Therefore, modifying the PRP preparation method according to the pathology is essential to achieve better clinical results with PRP therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3bb62cfb268c4087bfa815f5e5c744bd", "input": "Question: Is reduction of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in long-term care possible while maintaining patient socialization : A prospective randomized clinical trial?\nAnswer: On-site MRSA surveillance with targeted decolonization resulted in a significant decrease in clinical MRSA infection among LTCF residents.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-73f46f9edb084a969dcf07de09e484d8", "input": "Question: Does hIV Distal Neuropathic Pain be Associated with Smaller Ventral Posterior Cingulate Cortex?\nAnswer: The posterior cingulate is thought to be involved in inhibiting the perception of painful stimuli. Mechanistically a smaller posterior cingulate cortex structure may be related to reduced anti-nociception contributing to increased distal neuropathic pain.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-74631e01ab2046428af603def86a4d4c", "input": "Question: Do muscle RING-finger 2 and 3 maintain striated-muscle structure and function?\nAnswer: The redundant function of MuRF2 and MuRF3 is important for maintenance of skeletal muscle and cardiac structure and function in vivo.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-364c7d62966f428cbe0e550b78553f38", "input": "Question: Does activation of Serotonin 2C Receptors in Dopamine Neurons inhibit Binge-like Eating in Mice?\nAnswer: We identified the 5-HT", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-977aed357496452d88fda5911feb3b87", "input": "Question: Does systemic-Pulmonary Shunt facilitate the Growth of the Pulmonary Valve Annulus in Patients With Tetralogy of Fallot?\nAnswer: SPS facilitates outgrowth of the PVA over somatic growth in patients with TOF. However, preservation of the PVA may not be achieved on staged repair if the initial PVA is too small.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b68e07ad85c4f13ba872be03cfa659d", "input": "Question: Is diagnostic Ureteroscopy for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Independently Associated with Intravesical Recurrence after Radical Nephroureterectomy?\nAnswer: Diagnostic ureteroscopy is independently associated with intravesical re\u00accurrence after radical nephroureterectomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee6ab57fc8df43488fe945ddd8d96c69", "input": "Question: Is progression of EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma driven by alveolar macrophages?\nAnswer: Because of the inevitability of failure of targeted therapy in EGFR mutant NSCLC, these data suggest that therapeutic strategies targeting alveolar macrophages in EGFR mutant NSCLC have the potential to mitigate progression and survival in this disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea98548de4e949c896fe356e5d17441a", "input": "Question: Is hyperglycemia associated with increased risk of patient delay in pulmonary tuberculosis in rural areas?\nAnswer: Patient delay appears to be a serious problem in this rural area with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. Hyperglycemia is independently associated with an increased probability of patient delay, which, in turn, may result in more serious clinical manifestations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ae6ce0e77b64bd4abaf9d5992357012", "input": "Question: Is oral decontamination with aminoglycosides associated with lower risk of mortality and infections in high-risk patients colonized with colistin-resistant , KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae?\nAnswer: Intestinal decolonization with aminoglycosides is associated with a reduction in crude mortality and KPCKP infections at 180 days after initiating treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94070a5f5dab44c0ba23c7ae76b19a94", "input": "Question: Does mST1 coordinately regulate autophagy and apoptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice?\nAnswer: Mst1 knockout restores autophagy and protects against apoptosis in cardiomyocytes, en route to the rescue against DCM.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f7c3b0062ebf4690ab20131b94dfdeee", "input": "Question: Does sulforaphane prevent Neuronal Apoptosis and Memory Impairment in Diabetic Rats?\nAnswer: SFN could prevent the memory impairment and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in diabetic rat. The possible mechanism was related to the regulation of neurotropic factors and Akt/GSK3\u03b2 pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-453196dfb0ad44fc951bd50ba7bd7df3", "input": "Question: Does n-Acetylcysteine Amide exert Possible Neuroprotective Effects in Newborn Pigs after Perinatal Asphyxia?\nAnswer: The reduced levels of the pivotal inflammatory markers IL-1\u03b2 and TNF\u03b1 and the transcription factor NF-x03BA;B may indicate that NACA has possible neuroprotective effects after perinatal asphyxia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-876ae74f3fc14e8fa3993af08951bb98", "input": "Question: Does coaching of patients with an isolated minimally displaced fracture of the radial head immediately increase range of motion?\nAnswer: Instruction that stretching exercises are healthy even when painful resulted in immediate improvements in motion. Prospective studies comparing different strategies for coaching patients regarding painful stretches might help clarify the optimal approach.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3f34e4ec5f4494d8ce457530c411a5d", "input": "Question: Do higher HPV16 and HPV18 Penile Viral Loads Are Associated With Decreased Human Papillomavirus Clearance in Uncircumcised Kenyan Men?\nAnswer: High versus low HPV viral load was associated with a reduced HPV clearance for HPV16 infections in the glans and shaft, and for HPV18 infections in the glans, among young uncircumcised men. Reduced clearance of high viral load HPV16 and HPV18 infections in men may increase HPV transmission to their female partners as well as enhance the development of penile lesions in comparison to men with low viral load HPV infections.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa5e951f4065403092e130fad9923cba", "input": "Question: Is aRT an alternative for restoring occlusoproximal cavities in primary teeth - evidence from an updated systematic review and meta-analysis?\nAnswer: ART restorations have similar survival rate compared to conventional treatment and can be considered an option to restore occlusoproximal cavities in primary molars.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e8adaf0b8df403f8bc95b2dd8270179", "input": "Question: Does tERT promoter mutation predict radioiodine refractory in distant metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer?\nAnswer: TERT promoter mutation closely associates with non-RAI-avidity in DM-DTC, and when comparing with BRAF mutation, TERT mutation manifested a worse negative influence on RAI uptake. It could also be used as a predictive marker to early identify refractory to RAI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eedea3f79f594197831d9b7b83a39e9b", "input": "Question: Does serum Thyroglobulin Concentration be a Weak Marker of Iodine Status in a Pregnant Population with Iodine Deficiency?\nAnswer: Tg cannot be considered as a valid marker of iodine deficiency in pregnancy, at least in a mildly iodine-deficient environment. Further studies in a larger patient cohort with differences in iodine status, as well as studies on Tg changes after improving iodine status in pregnant women, are needed in order to corroborate these results.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e7d9d3034ff473887c452e1076e4ba2", "input": "Question: Is familiar Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Large Brazilian Family Associated with Succinate Dehydrogenase Defects?\nAnswer: Familiar PTC and a GIST were not associated with SDHx mutations; additional genetic defects, yet unknown, may be responsible for the development of tumor.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-66fae223325342a98b4d1ef1edde2861", "input": "Question: Does valve interstitial cell tensional homeostasis direct calcification and extracellular matrix remodeling processes via RhoA signaling?\nAnswer: Interstitial cell contractility mediates internal stress state and organization of the aortic valve extracellular matrix. Osteogenesis disrupts interstitial cell mechanical phenotype and drives disorganization, nodule formation, and pro-calcific signaling via a RhoA-dependent mechanism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ede370bf94824364be4af873af7a998e", "input": "Question: Does 2-cyclohexylamino-5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone inhibit LPS-induced BV2 microglial activation through MAPK/NF-kB signaling pathways?\nAnswer: Our findings demonstrate that our newly synthesized compound derived from DMNQ, 2-cyclohexylamino-5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (R6), might be a therapeutic agent for the treatment of glia-mediated neuroinflammatory diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad4c06b672a7424cae549104da6c206a", "input": "Question: Does cLOSING MACULAR hole WITH `` MACULAR PLUG '' WITHOUT GAS TAMPONADE AND POSTOPERATIVE POSTURING?\nAnswer: Twenty-three-gauge pars plana vitrectomy combined with broad ILM peeling, use of ILMR and autologous gluconated blood clumps as a macular plug is effective in achieving satisfactory hole closure with statically significant functional improvement for large Stage 3 and Stage 4 macular holes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-53fc24600f524a689c390a75bacd1cd9", "input": "Question: Is palmitate-Induced MMP-9 Expression in the Human Monocytic Cells Mediated through the TLR4-MyD88 Dependent Mechanism?\nAnswer: Altogether, these results show that palmitate induces TLR4-dependent activation of MMP-9 gene expression, which requires the recruitment of MyD88 leading to activation of NF-kB/AP-1 transcription factors. Thus, our findings suggest that the palmitate-induced MMP-9 secretion might be an underlying mechanism of its increased levels in obesity and related metabolic inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-06e2dcd1e8f3457991a43c69362909fe", "input": "Question: Does trans-pQTL study identify immune crosstalk between Parkinson and Alzheimer loci?\nAnswer: We find that the rs12456492 PD risk variant affects expression of AD-associated protein CD33 in peripheral monocytes, which suggests that genetic factors for these 2 diseases may converge to influence overlapping innate immune-mediated mechanisms that contribute to neurodegeneration. Furthermore, the effect of the rs12456492(G) PD risk allele on increased CD33 suggests that the inhibition of certain myeloid functions may contribute to PD susceptibility, as is the case for AD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ca39a26c6ad457d8c7126227871067b", "input": "Question: Does cytosolic phospholipase A2 contribute to innate immune defense against Candida albicans lung infection?\nAnswer: The results demonstrate that cPLA2\u03b1 contributes to immune surveillance and host defense in the lung to prevent infection by the commensal fungus C. albicans and to dampen inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-28af8856669e4588a7dd93b492fea46d", "input": "Question: Is the leishmanicidal activity of oleuropein selectively regulated through inflammation- and oxidative stress-related genes?\nAnswer: The ability of Oleuropein to promote a Th1 type immune response in L. donovani-infected BALB/c mice points towards the candidacy of this bioactive compound as an immunomodulatory agent that may complement therapeutic approaches\u00a0to leishmaniasis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a346d5df63bb41b7822feb763506a051", "input": "Question: Does addition of Dexamethasone alter the Bile Acid Composition by Inducing CYP8B1 in Primary Cultures of Human Hepatocytes?\nAnswer: Primary human hepatocytes have an increased bile acid synthesis rate when cultured on matrigel as compared to collagen. Exposure to glucocorticoid hormones stimulates the expression of CYP8B1, leading to an increased formation of CA and alteration of the bile acid composition. The effect is most likely mediated through a GR-independent pathway, possibly through ROR \u03b1.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ccc08a01d154a0494b927bf00335b6f", "input": "Question: Does benzoate fraction from Gentiana rigescens Franch alleviate scopolamine-induced impaired memory in mice model in vivo?\nAnswer: n-GS could alleviate impaired memory of the SCO-induced mice model by inhibiting AChE activity and oxidative stress, and regulating the IGF-1R/ERK signaling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9a7123fc0ff4102aec49e7a6a2deeea", "input": "Question: Does silencing Drp1 inhibit glioma cells proliferation and invasion by RHOA/ ROCK1 pathway?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrated that silencing DRP1 regulated the cytoskeleton remodeling through inhibiting RHOA/ROCK1 pathway, and thus decreased the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa670cbae3f94c84b4a935b550ed92dd", "input": "Question: Does specific locations of linear furrow in patients with esophageal eosinophilia?\nAnswer: Investigation of these endoscopic characteristics, especially by focusing on linear furrows in esophageal mucosal fold valleys, may provide important clues for more accurate diagnosis of EoE.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6558abed57cf45d88ebf2dd04e8908be", "input": "Question: Does early remission status predict long-term outcomes in patients with Crohn 's disease treated with certolizumab pegol?\nAnswer: In certolizumab pegol-treated patients with CD, ER appears to be an important predictor of long-term clinical remission. Prospective trials are needed to determine whether ER improves other long-term outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-903d2e8f708c4e6e99624ede49b19394", "input": "Question: Do distinct resting-state perfusion patterns underlie psychomotor retardation in unipolar vs. bipolar depression?\nAnswer: The differences in rCBF and in the localization of the clusters of positive AL/rCBF correlations between BP and UP suggest that different neural impairments may underlie motor symptoms in the two disorders, but finally converge in phenotypically similar manifestations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b6ae84d92114a32b6469ebbb65f2f81", "input": "Question: Do cpG site methylation in CRYAA promoter affect transcription factor Sp1 binding in human lens epithelial cells?\nAnswer: The evidence presented suggests that the methylation of the CpG sites of the CRYAA promotor directly affect Sp1 binding, leading to down expression of CRYAA in human lens epithelial cells. Zebularine treatment could restore CRYAA expression in a dose- dependent and time- dependent pattern.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-563086220e5147f3b1f5f2a25ad57717", "input": "Question: Does microRNA-34b mediate hippocampal astrocyte apoptosis in a rat model of recurrent seizures?\nAnswer: Our findings prove microRNAs play a role in mediating recurrent convulsions-induced astrocyte death and further indicate that miR-34b-5p could acts as a regulator for astrocyte apoptosis induced by recurrent seizures.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-144df23ed47b4803b5e1b3db8a62238c", "input": "Question: Is the POR rs1057868-rs2868177 GC-GT diplotype associated with high tacrolimus concentrations in early post-renal transplant recipients?\nAnswer: The CYP3A5*3 and POR rs1057868-rs2868177 GC-GT diplotype accounted for the inter-individual variation of tacrolimus C0D7/D. Genotyping of POR rs1057868-rs2868177 diplotypes would help to differentiate initial tacrolimus dose requirements and to achieve early target C0 ranges in Chinese renal transplant recipients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-58ce35d4b64c4d28aac1705946610d57", "input": "Question: Does sweroside ameliorate \u03b1-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestatic liver injury in mice by regulating bile acids and suppressing pro-inflammatory responses?\nAnswer: Sweroside attenuates ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury in mice by restoring bile acid synthesis and transport to their normal levels, as well as suppressing pro-inflammatory responses.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-01bb48ab353f45e99132723ee405017b", "input": "Question: Is snack intake reduced using an implicit , high-level construal cue?\nAnswer: Priming high construal level thinking reduces consumption of high energy dense snacks in the presence of a visual cue-reminder. This may be a practical technique for reducing overeating and has the potential to be extended to other unhealthy behaviors. (PsycINFO Database Record", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-63425abd2a8640cebf1842db1d1ef0fc", "input": "Question: Is pTEN loss associated with a poor response to trastuzumab in HER2-overexpressing gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: PTEN loss was frequently found in HER2-overexpressing tumors, and was associated with a poor response to trastuzumab-based therapy in patients with GEA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-935364a532484acdab98df85dedebf10", "input": "Question: Does orthogeriatric co-management improve the outcome of long-term care residents with fragility fractures?\nAnswer: Despite the generally poor outcomes for fragility fracture patients residing in long-term care facilities, orthogeriatric co-management appears to improve the outcome of high-risk fragility fracture patients. One-year mortality was 29.4\u00a0% in this cohort, significantly lower than in comparable trials. Orthogeriatric co-management may also have positive impacts on both functional outcome and the risk of subsequent fractures.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-67d4ff62a1104d8b9954bc31bc22759c", "input": "Question: Does lipid Emulsion Formulation of Parenteral Nutrition affect Intestinal Microbiota and Host Responses in Neonatal Piglets?\nAnswer: The formulation of parenteral lipid is associated with differences in the gut microbiota and host response of TPN-fed neonatal piglets. Inclusion of \u03c9-3 long-chain PUFAs appears to improve host-microbial interactions at the mucosal surface, although mechanisms are yet to be defined.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-48a416588c734d5d806db78198f1e40b", "input": "Question: Does thrombomodulin enhance complement regulation through strong affinity interactions with factor H and C3b-Factor H complex?\nAnswer: TM exhibits significant binding affinity for complement protein FH and C3b-FH complex and its soluble form is capable at physiologically relevant concentrations of inhibiting complement activation in serum.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f54efc3ce2e44ff58438e713ba5796f0", "input": "Question: Do development of myotendinous-like junctions that anchor cardiac valves requires fibromodulin and lumican?\nAnswer: The postnatal assembly of the collagen-rich ECM in regions where cardiac valves anchor, that we have designated 'myotendinous-like junctions' (MTLJ) requires the SLRPs FMOD and LUM. Moreover, FMOD and LUM may facilitate mesenchymal cell differentiation in late stages of cardiac valve development. Developmental Dynamics 245:1029-1042, 2016. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3684e827b4e14d77a98178209466f131", "input": "Question: Is methylglyoxal associated with changes in kidney function among individuals with screen-detected Type 2 diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: In a population of people with screen-detected Type 2 diabetes, we observed associations between methylglyoxal and markers of renal function: 6-year change in methylglyoxal was inversely associated with 6-year change in eGFR. Also, methylglyoxal at baseline was positively associated with ACR at baseline. Our study lends further support to a role for methylglyoxal in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a7a6e6aa1e246b3b84fd51dcbdbc845", "input": "Question: Is the induction of CXCR4 expression in human osteoblast-like cells ( MG63 ) by CoCr particles regulated by the PLC-DAG-PKC pathway?\nAnswer: The induction of CXCR4-specific mRNA expression in MG63 cells after stimulation with CoCr particles is regulated by the PLC-DAG-PKC pathway and not by the MAPK/ERK pathway. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2016.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1ce284e611c4c8383056341d190d071", "input": "Question: Does histological examination confirm clinical clearance of actinic keratoses following treatment with ingenol mebutate 0\u00b705 % gel?\nAnswer: Ingenol mebutate achieves histopathological clearance of AKs that correlates with observed clinical clearance. Clinical clearance is a good predictor for histological clearance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a2b6bc04d58d4362ac4ac0722daa80f7", "input": "Question: Is acid Sphingomyelinase ( ASM ) a Negative Regulator of Regulatory T Cell ( Treg ) Development?\nAnswer: ASM is a negative regulator of natural and iTreg.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3a58d0bbc4b147b68e4d4ef6c0535371", "input": "Question: Does selective use of the intra-aortic filter in high-risk cardiac surgical patients lead to better postoperative outcomes?\nAnswer: The use of the intra-aortic filter reduces postoperative complications after cardiac surgery and should be considered for use in high-risk cases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c89def674ec46978efb287aa6aa676e", "input": "Question: Do cUB domain-containing protein 1 and the epidermal growth factor receptor cooperate to induce cell detachment?\nAnswer: Together, these results suggest that CDCP1 may facilitate loss of adhesion by promoting activation of EGFR and Src at sites of cell-cell and cell-substratum contact.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-80f1da07f85749a9b61ed383911bd902", "input": "Question: Do essential amino acid ratios and mTOR affect lipogenic gene networks and miRNA expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells?\nAnswer: The observed up-regulation of lipogenic gene networks and the changes in expression of key miRNA involved in the control of lipogenic balance are indicative of a potentially important role of EAA ratios and mTOR signaling in the regulation of milk fat synthesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-01fa69771cbd4999b58ba07679e894b1", "input": "Question: Does transcription Factor KLF5 bound a Cyclin E1 Polymorphic Intronic Enhancer to Confer Increased Bladder Cancer Risk?\nAnswer: A polymorphic KLF5 binding site near the CCNE1 gene explains genetic risk identified through GWAS. Mol Cancer Res; 14(11); 1078-86. \u00a92016 AACR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd5ad82891344b5993e134e2aab1637d", "input": "Question: Does cXCL13 inhibit microRNA-23a through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in adipose tissue derived-mesenchymal stem cells?\nAnswer: CXCL13 inhibits miR-23a expression through modulating PI3K/AKT pathway in AMSCs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd335f5c6640420cb6c2ad014feaea60", "input": "Question: Does a Selective Cell Population From Dermis strengthen Bone Regeneration?\nAnswer: Dermal cells are a promising cell population for bone regeneration; unfortunately, the osteogenic potential of unsorted cells was quite low. This study demonstrated that a specific cell population in human dermis-bone morphogenetic protein receptor IB (BmprIB)+ cells-exhibited significantly higher osteogenic potential than unsorted dermal cells by repairing critical-sized calvarial defects in an immunodeficient mouse model. This animal study is an extension of a previous in vitro finding in which BmprIB was proven as a marker for enrichment of osteogenic precursor-like cells in human dermis, indicating that the selective cell population BmprIB from human dermis is a promising osteogenic progenitor cell that can provide a large-quantity and high-quality cell source for bone tissue engineering.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-23a63dd344574b12ade225a361ec00ff", "input": "Question: Do smokers exhibit biased neural processing of smoking and affective images?\nAnswer: Results suggest that cognitive biases may extend across classes of stimuli among smokers. This raises important questions about the fundamental meaning of cognitive biases, and suggests the need to consider generalized cognitive biases in theories of drug use behavior and interventions based on cognitive bias modification. (PsycINFO Database Record", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8032ecedc38244bbb253de1991195815", "input": "Question: Are self-reported and automatic cognitions associated with exercise behavior in cancer survivors?\nAnswer: Both self-reported cognitions and implicit cognitions may be useful to identify individuals at risk of failing to exercise. Individuals so identified might be provided with a different or more intensive intervention. The data also suggest cognitive targets for intervention. (PsycINFO Database Record", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6bddf3af7b27454eb8df96fecc97ef2e", "input": "Question: Does global transcriptional analysis suggest Lasiodiplodia theobromae pathogenicity factors involved in modulation of grapevine defensive response?\nAnswer: L. theobromae transcriptome was established and validated. Its usefulness was demonstrated through the identification of genes expressed during the infection process. Our results support the hypothesis that heat stress facilitates fungal colonization, because of the fungus ability to use the phenylpropanoid precursors and SA, both compounds known to control host defense.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e47e1f583a784745bc8d7f9a4fd3d7a3", "input": "Question: Are differences in dural penetration of clival chordomas associated with different prognosis and expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-\u03b2?\nAnswer: Clival chordomas have different degrees of dural penetration. Patients with chordomas with serious dural penetration have poorer prognosis. Higher expression of PDGFR-\u03b2 is related to more serious dural penetration of clival chordomas.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-edbe0862b8b5451583552f70771ccc6c", "input": "Question: Are copy-number variations enriched for neurodevelopmental genes in children with developmental coordination disorder?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that there may be shared susceptibility genes for DCD and other neurodevelopmental disorders and highlight the need for thorough phenotyping when investigating the genetics of neurodevelopmental disorders. Furthermore, these data provide compelling evidence supporting a genetic basis for DCD, and further implicate rare CNVs in the aetiology of neurodevelopmental disorders.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c297cbfd6de84077a43b79341cd59bef", "input": "Question: Do spontaneous ripples in the hippocampus correlate with epileptogenicity and not memory function in patients with refractory epilepsy?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that the majority of spontaneous hippocampal ripples, as defined in the present study, may reflect pathological activity, taking into account the association with memory impairment. The absence of negative correlation between memory performance and HFO rates in seizure onset areas could be explained by HFO rates in the SOZ being generally so high that differences between areas with remaining and impaired memory function cannot be seen.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c69c7139497f4f20a7413a4cec4d376b", "input": "Question: Does mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade improve Insulin Sensitivity in the Rat Heart and a Possible Molecular Mechanism?\nAnswer: The above results suggested that aldosterone promoted insulin resistance in the heart and that this effect could be partly reversed by MR blockade through signal transduction in the P38 MAPK pathway and PPAR\u03b1.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aeb83ab80ae74e49b6474adb4eff8129", "input": "Question: Do birth order and hospitalization for alcohol and narcotics use in Sweden?\nAnswer: Later born siblings are more likely to be hospitalized for both alcohol and narcotics use in Sweden. These birth order effects are substantial in size, and larger than the estimated sex differences for the risk of hospitalization related to alcohol and drug use before age 20, and previous estimates for socioeconomic status differences in alcohol and drug abuse.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-952b2ddac2944e4786db8653b8438996", "input": "Question: Is discrete Pathophysiology Uncommon in Patients with Nonspecific Arm Pain?\nAnswer: Nonspecific diagnoses are not harmful. Prospective randomized research is merited to determine if nonspecific, descriptive diagnoses are better for patients than specific diagnoses that imply pathophysiology in the absence of discrete verifiable pathophysiology.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-329864f99cc14f32a626f865e4260752", "input": "Question: States diet quality , risk factors and access to care among low-income uninsured American adults in states expanding Medicaid vs. expanding under the affordable care act?\nAnswer: Differences across states in Medicaid coverage under the ACA may lead to widening disparities in health outcomes between expanding and non-expanding states.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac1a420da69c4847b5a6bf49b67be3a2", "input": "Question: Does jAK2 inhibitor combined with DC-activated AFP-specific T-cells enhance antitumor function in a Fas/FasL signal-independent pathway?\nAnswer: These results indicate a Fas/FasL-independent pathway for cellular apoptosis in cancer therapies with the treatment of AFP-specific CD8(+) T-cells combined with JAK2 inhibitor.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-791103f9b353485db9f9d57309986fa2", "input": "Question: Does intrathecal synthesis of anti-Hu antibodies distinguish patients with paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathy and encephalitis?\nAnswer: In conclusion, our results indicate that patients even with one defined antineuronal antibody need to be regarded separately depending on the involved location of the nervous system. We recommend incorporation of anti-Hu analyses in the CSF and calculating the intrathecal synthesis in patients with anti-Hu syndrome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d31dd3912d944b19b7d9521e76e92609", "input": "Question: Is an anterior left ventricular lead position associated with increased mortality and non-response in cardiac resynchronization therapy?\nAnswer: An anterior left ventricular lead position is associated with increased all-cause mortality and lower clinical response rate in patients treated with CRT and should be avoided.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b1fdfebac7314a4ea5cc2c68d7dd339d", "input": "Question: Are white matter hyperintensities more highly associated with preclinical Alzheimer 's disease than imaging and cognitive markers of neurodegeneration?\nAnswer: WMH volume is more highly associated with preclinical AD than other AD biomarkers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-35e8b47d996648a89999265d5d6ab2e4", "input": "Question: Are plasma lipoprotein ( a ) levels associated with the severity of coronaryheart disease in Han Chinese people?\nAnswer: Our data indicate that Lp(a) might be a useful marker in predicting the severity of coronary heart disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab051f7ae4674c42a682d9fee7ffc935", "input": "Question: Does rectal or intramuscular diclofenac reduce the incidence of pancreatitis afterendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography?\nAnswer: Prophylaxis with diclofenac given rectally or intramuscularly is an effective option for the management of post-ERCP pancreatitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-70f08435a6334719bc5a0cd655dd60ac", "input": "Question: Is overexpression of \u03b2-Catenin and Cyclin D1 Associated with Poor Overall Survival in Patients with Stage IA-IIA Squamous Cell Lung Cancer Irrespective of Adjuvant Chemotherapy?\nAnswer: The present study suggests that simultaneous overexpression of \u03b2-catenin and cyclin D1 may be associated with poor overall survival irrespective of platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy in stage IA-IIA squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6563781052ba4af59c2202acc48a5a07", "input": "Question: Does dNA hypomethylation of Synapsin II CpG islands associate with increased gene expression in bipolar disorder and major depression?\nAnswer: These findings contribute to previous work showing dysregulation of Synapsins, particularly SYN2, in mood disorders and improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that precipitate these changes likely leading to the BD or MDD phenotype.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff5df7ca46044422a85a89b6616c93be", "input": "Question: Does upright posture improve affect and fatigue in people with depressive symptoms?\nAnswer: The experiment was only brief and a non-clinical sample was used.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-326f9bf0204944ac9f107e2686696848", "input": "Question: Does simvastatin attenuate Acute Lung Injury Via Regulating Cdc42-PAK4 and Endothelial Microparticles?\nAnswer: An increased serous EMP level associated with Cdc42-PAK4 can be deemed as a useful pulmonary injury marker in LPS-treated mice, and our results might be more relevant in guiding the clinical treatment of ALI by intervening Cdc42-PAK4 or EMPs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-657576f5ddea450ab93aa4a6a45e6bc6", "input": "Question: Does rpoE promote invasion and intracellular survival by regulating SPI-1 and SPI-2 in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi?\nAnswer: RpoE may promote invasion and intracellular survival by regulating the expression of SPI-1 and SPI-2.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c1616221e96244979b51104e0a275a7d", "input": "Question: Is minor neurological dysfunction in five year old very preterm children associated with lower processing speed?\nAnswer: Five year old VP children with c-MND have lower PSQ, slower reaction time, and poorer motor skills, than those without c-MND. Neurological examination should include identification of MND to help identify children at risk for neurocognitive disabilities.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2b759e8310c4c8db09bb103823290a7", "input": "Question: Does engineering high Zn in tomato shoot through expression of AtHMA4 involves tissue-specific modification of endogenous genes?\nAnswer: In transgenic tomato plants, the export activity of ectopically expressed AtHMA4 changes the cellular Zn status, which induces coordinated tissue-specific responses of endogenous ethylene-related genes and metal transporters. These changes constitute an important mechanism involved in the generation of the metal-related phenotype of transgenic tomato expressing AtHMA4.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-411ead7567a343c1b45902776e6f4b8d", "input": "Question: Is recurrent dilatation in resistant benign esophageal strictures : timing significant?\nAnswer: Dilatations performed at frequent intervals without waiting for the symptoms of dysphagia can contribute to safer and more effective results in resistant benign esophageal strictures.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-daeca8b52d3c477781c760fc734b795f", "input": "Question: Is a persistently low HBV DNA level a predictor of spontaneous HBsAg clearance in patients with chronic hepatitis B?\nAnswer: These results suggest that a continuously low viral load is the most important factor affecting spontaneous HBsAg seroclearance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe45473343ed40a4bd6ef1c2db2ce36b", "input": "Question: Are verbal memory and search speed in early midlife associated with mortality over 25 years ' follow-up , independently of health status and early life factors : a British birth cohort study?\nAnswer: Cognitive capability in early midlife was inversely associated with mortality rates over 25 years and accounted for the associations of family background, childhood cognitive ability and educational attainment with mortality. These findings, in a nationally representative cohort with long-term follow-up, suggest that building cognitive reserve may improve later life health and survival chances.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-358f641945a542b79fbe59509b96a2e2", "input": "Question: Is vonoprazan superior to proton pump inhibitors in healing artificial ulcers of the stomach post-endoscopic submucosal dissection : A propensity score-matching analysis?\nAnswer: Vonoprazan has a faster post-gastric ESD artificial ulcer contraction rate than esomeprazole. Vonoprazan may supersede PPI in treating post-ESD artificial ulcers of the stomach.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-97616698b3644945b1564b13206714e6", "input": "Question: Does hIF-2\u03b1 Expression regulate Sprout Formation into 3D Fibrin Matrices in Prolonged Hypoxia in Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells?\nAnswer: Prolonged culturing of hMVECs at 1% oxygen inhibited endothelial sprouting into fibrin. Two independent mechanisms contribute. Silencing of HIF-2\u03b1 with si-RNA partially restored the inhibition of endothelial sprouting pointing to a HIF-2\u03b1-dependent mechanism. In addition, reduction of uPA contributed to reduced endothelial tube formation in a fibrin matrix during prolonged hypoxia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3abc8ad940194ec1b06de8dd91559c87", "input": "Question: Is nR5A1 a novel disease gene for 46 , XX testicular and ovotesticular disorders of sex development?\nAnswer: We propose NR5A1, previously associated with 46,XY DSD and 46,XX primary ovarian insufficiency, as a novel gene for 46,XX (ovo)testicular DSD. We hypothesize that p.(Arg92Trp) results in decreased inhibition of the male developmental pathway through downregulation of female antitestis genes, thereby tipping the balance toward testicular differentiation in 46,XX individuals. In conclusion, our study supports a role for NR5A1 in testis differentiation in the XX gonad.Genet Med advance online publication 04 August 2016Genetics in Medicine (2016); doi:10.1038/gim.2016.118.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d24de4b0ae034b82ab711de9d749fe56", "input": "Question: Does the QuickLine IL-6 lateral flow immunoassay improve the rapid intraoperative diagnosis of suspected periprosthetic joint infections?\nAnswer: Taking the limitations of the low sample size as a given this relatively simple point of care (POC) assay showed promising results in our pilot trial and may help diagnosing PJI. It may help physicians and surgeons to choose the best and least invasive treatment strategy for patients presenting with painful arthroplasty.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-89c0c8b6d3384bdabef5908f55f9dad4", "input": "Question: Does a Randomized Trial of Expanding Choice set to Motivate Advance Directive Completion?\nAnswer: These results suggest that although an expanded choice set may initially nudge patients toward completing advance directives without restricting choice, increasing actual completion requires additional interventions that overcome downstream barriers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b2e85697d9e4a1b99e291c7ecf1e143", "input": "Question: Does race predict the development of metastases in men with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer?\nAnswer: The lack of racial differences in the development of metastases and scanning practices observed in this study suggests that, once men have a diagnosis of M0/Mx CRPC, race may not be a prognostic factor. Efforts to understand prostate cancer racial disparities may derive greater benefit by focusing on the risk of developing prostate cancer and on the outcomes of men who have early stage disease. Cancer 2016;122:3848-3855. \u00a9 2016 American Cancer Society.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-81d9ede65d62437c874069bc4a7663be", "input": "Question: Does dyschloremia be a Risk Factor for the Development of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients?\nAnswer: Dyschloremia is common in critically ill patients, and severe hypochloremia is independently associated with an increased risk of development of acute kidney injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4948dfa8b0eb4ecdac8962020f76f890", "input": "Question: Does ginsenoside Rd attenuate DNA Damage by Increasing Expression of DNA Glycosylase Endonuclease VIII-like Proteins after Focal Cerebral Ischemia?\nAnswer: Our results indicated that the neuroprotective function of GSRd for acute ischemic stroke might be partially explained by the up-regulation of NEIL1 and NEIL3 expressions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c7323b30dbdc40e6ba38daf920f27018", "input": "Question: Is miR-103a targeting Piezo1 involved in acute myocardial infarction through regulating endothelium function?\nAnswer: MiR-103a might be a potential biomarker of myocardium infarction and could be used as an index for the diagnosis of AMI. It may be involved in the development of high blood pressure and onset of AMI through regulating the Piezo1 expression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cc846885a56c4fc2a7e0d6123a24d43b", "input": "Question: Does high-Speed Cycling Intervention improve Rate-Dependent Mobility in Older Adults?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate that a relatively low dose of speed-based exercise can improve neuromuscular function and tests of mobility in older adults. Such a program serves as a sensible precursor to subsequent, more vigorous training or as an adjunct to a program where a velocity emphasis is lacking.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-63a9349beb6a4967b7786fe2f8c2677b", "input": "Question: Does suPAR predict Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Patients With Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis?\nAnswer: In patients with mild-moderate AS, suPAR is independently associated with the incidence of ICEs, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9a41543a33440b5897651a6e145baa5", "input": "Question: Is tobacco smoking associated with decreased semen quality?\nAnswer: Results demonstrated a decline in semen quality in a dose dependent tobacco smoking manner.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f6d462d0659641578df9c677fbae08e0", "input": "Question: Does bmal1 induce osteoblast differentiation via regulation of BMP2 expression in MC3T3-E1 cells?\nAnswer: Taken together, these results demonstrate that Bmal1 promotes osteoblast differentiation by regulating BMP2 expression in MC3T3-E1 cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-adfdd44ad4204c09bb0b5856367d3c1d", "input": "Question: Does adherence to Dietary Recommendations for Food Group Intakes be Low in the Mexican Population?\nAnswer: These results reveal the poor dietary quality of the Mexican population and the urgent need to shift these habits. If current intakes continue, the burden of disease due to obesity and noncommunicable chronic diseases will likely remain elevated in the Mexican population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bec44cc3fc224bd49add71311415f98b", "input": "Question: Is simultaneous CT angiography and whole-body CT an effective imaging approach before multiorgan retrieval?\nAnswer: Selection of potential graft donors using whole-body CT is reliable and improves graft selection during MOR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3bcd9fa51a745d39de9cbf1f25c622a", "input": "Question: Does comparative study of the failure rates among 3 implantable defibrillator lead?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates a higher failure rate of Linox S/SD high-voltage leads compared to contemporary leads. Although the mechanism of lead failure is unclear, the majority presents with abnormal electrical parameters. Comprehensive monitoring of Linox S/SD high-voltage leads includes remote monitoring to facilitate early detection of lead failure.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7400f215afd4ab7ab86ca414cce2e68", "input": "Question: Does environment shape the fecal microbiome of invasive carp species?\nAnswer: The environment is a dominant factor shaping the fecal bacterial communities of invasive carps. Captivity alters the microbiome community structure relative to wild fish, while species differences are pronounced within habitats. Despite the absence of a true stomach, invasive carp species exhibited a core microbiota that warrants future study.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-90b2421e61234db581636b399c581b2f", "input": "Question: Does the Decline of Amylase Level of Pancreatic Juice After Pancreaticoduodenectomy predict Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula?\nAnswer: Decline of pancreatic amylase level of pancreatic juice can predict POPF after PD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eb5effc884a8400b970d64c926b5adaf", "input": "Question: Is pretreatment quality-of-life score a better discriminator of oesophageal cancer survival than performance status?\nAnswer: In patients with Stage II-III oesophageal cancer being considered for curative therapy, pretreatment FACT-E and ECS have better discrimination for survival than does ECOG. The majority of patients were ECOG 0/1. Thus, these patient-derived scores were able to discriminate survivors from non-survivors even within this constrained range of clinician-assigned performance status. This highlights the potential utility of FACT-E and ECS as prognostic tools.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-315b03f933d841b4972bd390508c011a", "input": "Question: Does algorithmic Approach With Clinical Pathology Consultation improve Access to Specialty Care for Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?\nAnswer: Clinical pathology intervention and case triaging can improve access to care in a county health care system.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-92a39a18b46f4c34a4a8fd493bfb6507", "input": "Question: Does use of Estrogen-Containing Contraception be Associated With Increased Concentrations of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D?\nAnswer: The increase in 25(OH)D with use of estrogen-containing contraceptives raise mechanistic questions regarding the biological pathways involved, and highlights the need for studies that examine possible endogenous estrogen effects on vitamin D.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a800fbd8a8164fd8a79c0abe7ee23d29", "input": "Question: Does blood transfusion in preterm infants improve intestinal tissue oxygenation without alteration in blood flow?\nAnswer: Pretransfusion baseline splanchnic tissue oximetry and blood flow velocity varied with postnatal age. Blood transfusion improved intestinal tissue oxygenation without altering mesenteric blood flow velocity irrespective of postnatal ages.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c4af2aca68b4d0fb3a64815e6c1a77d", "input": "Question: Do older people remain on blood pressure agents despite being hypotensive resulting in increased mortality and hospital admission?\nAnswer: the results demonstrate that low SBP is associated with adverse events, it is possible that the pursuit of\u00a0BP control at a population level may lead to over-treatment in certain groups of patients. This may result in an increased incidence of adverse events particularly in older people.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1771af396cc5487ba4db9850f7c853ed", "input": "Question: Is decrease of pulmonary blood flow detected by phase contrast MRI correlated with a decrease in lung volume and increase of lung fibrosis area determined by computed tomography in interstitial lung disease?\nAnswer: In ILD, reduced pulmonary blood flow is associated with reduced lung volume and increased abnormal lung area.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e70c6915b3b845189841ff9cb22d4269", "input": "Question: Does one-stage Revision With Catheter Infusion of Intraarticular Antibiotics Successfully treat Infected THA?\nAnswer: Single-stage revision for chronically infected cemented THA and d\u00e9bridement of bone-ingrown cementless THA with late-onset acute infection followed with indwelling catheter antibiotic infusion can result in infection eradication even when resistant organisms are involved. Larger study groups would better assess this technique and prospective comparisons to more traditional one- and two-stage revision techniques for infected THA will likely require multi-institutional approaches.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fb273c8ad4134a98a611deaf4e993f5d", "input": "Question: Is breslow density a novel prognostic feature in cutaneous malignant melanoma?\nAnswer: We show a proof of concept that the BD represents a novel morphological prognostic biomarker that is independent of the BT, and that there is potential to combine these into a Breslow score. Larger studies are needed to validate the BD, but the simplicity of this biomarker makes it a strong candidate for translation to clinical practice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ad03dc761d14a0bbc09e9cff6370630", "input": "Question: Is survival associated with complete response on MRI after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in ER-positive HER2-negative breast cancer?\nAnswer: MRI after NAC in ER-positive/HER2-negative tumors may be predictive of recurrence-free survival. A radiological complete response at MRI after NAC is associated with an excellent prognosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b5ffe174d8641cabcce58df19478fd7", "input": "Question: Does early identification of sepsis in hospital inpatients by ward nurses increase 30-day survival?\nAnswer: In a cohort with stable mortality rates, early sepsis recognition by ward nurses may have reduced progression of disease and improved survival for patients in hospital with sepsis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-986986ab6ff94c07a41d0e268e583e52", "input": "Question: Does casein glycomacropeptide-derived peptide IPPKKNQDKTE ameliorate high glucose-induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells via activation of AMPK signaling?\nAnswer: IPPKKNQDKTE prevents high glucose-induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells by modulating the IRS-1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway through AMPK activation, indicating that IPPKKNQDKTE plays a potential role in the prevention and treatment of hepatic insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a3cfa6ca24794eee971ac012007143af", "input": "Question: Does the early infant gut microbiome vary in association with a maternal high-fat diet?\nAnswer: Similar to the primate, independent of maternal body mass index, a maternal high-fat diet is associated with distinct changes in the neonatal gut microbiome at birth which persist through 4-6 weeks of age. Our findings underscore the importance of counseling pregnant mothers on macronutrient consumption during pregnancy and lactation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad9e19d051754c13880434e2f3a6e0e3", "input": "Question: Does cholesterol efflux capacity of high-density lipoprotein correlate with survival and allograft vasculopathy in cardiac transplant recipients?\nAnswer: Reduced CEC is associated with disease progression and mortality in CAV patients. These findings suggest the hypothesis that interventions to increase CEC may be useful in cardiac transplant patients for prevention or treatment of CAV.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9d0cd14ecd44dfbb0005e95eb782a0f", "input": "Question: Does exenatide induce Impairment of Autophagy Flux to Damage Rat Pancreas?\nAnswer: Exenatide can activate and upregulate its receptor, GLP-1R, then impair autophagy flux and activate apoptosis in the pancreatic acinar cell, thus damaging rat pancreas.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8309d9cc6f234acabbdd32c0b1a11678", "input": "Question: Does an integrated community TB-HIV adherence model provide an alternative to DOT for tuberculosis patients in Cape Town?\nAnswer: Weekly community-based adherence support was a viable alternative to daily DOT, with no deterioration in anti-tuberculosis treatment outcomes and an increase in ART initiation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f53fbd0dd2b141779de9c0a4d01e2317", "input": "Question: Does next-generation sequencing survey of biliary tract cancer reveal the association between tumor somatic variants and chemotherapy resistance?\nAnswer: In the largest exploratory analysis of this kind for BTC, 3 prevalent, mutually exclusive mutations represent distinct patient cohorts. These mutations are prognostic and may represent a predictive biomarker for a GP response. Prospective studies to validate these findings are needed, and they should include the incorporation of therapies that exploit the genomic instability observed with these mutations in BTC. Cancer 2016;122:3657-66. \u00a9 2016 American Cancer Society.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-596741db7bbf4ea68f301e9fbccb1a24", "input": "Question: Does long non-coding RNA ANRIL promote the invasion and metastasis of thyroid cancer cells through TGF-\u03b2/Smad signaling pathway?\nAnswer: ANRIL may reduce p15INK4B expression through inhibiting TGF-\u03b2/Smad signaling pathway, promoting invasion and metastasis of TC cells, and the silencing of ANRIL inhibits the invasion and metastasis of TPC-1 cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-577798720b794869b85a9a171915b0fd", "input": "Question: Does tollip SNP rs5743899 modulate human airway epithelial responses to rhinovirus infection?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that Tollip SNP rs5743899 may predict varying airway response to RV infection in asthma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eb199baeb13c4e54bfb2e826e487b068", "input": "Question: Do logic models help make sense of complexity in systematic reviews and health technology assessments?\nAnswer: Logic models can help authors of systematic reviews and HTAs to explicitly address and make sense of complexity, adding value by achieving a better understanding of the interactions between the intervention, its implementation, and its multiple outcomes among a given population and context. They thus have the potential to help build systematic review capacity-in SSA and other LMICs-at an individual level, by equipping authors with a tool that facilitates the review process; and at a system-level, by improving communication between producers and potential users of research evidence.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd0d4a40af8e450fa276a6ccf419e7e5", "input": "Question: Do infant and young child feeding practices differ by ethnicity of Vietnamese mothers?\nAnswer: Breastfeeding practices were suboptimal and differed by ethnicity, which suggests need for tailored interventions at multiple levels to address ethnic-specific challenges and norms. Complementary feeding practices were less optimal among ethnic minorities compared to Kinh, which suggests need for broad intervention including improved food availability, accessibility, and security.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a51af20e9e6d47058821d214edccae20", "input": "Question: Does two Hours of Teamwork Training improve Teamwork in Simulated Cardiopulmonary Arrest Events?\nAnswer: A 2-hour simulation-based teamwork educational intervention resulted in improved perceptions of teamwork behaviors. Participants reported interactions with other disciplines, teamwork behavior education, and debriefing sessions were beneficial for enhancing the program.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ffb337d182c451dab94ac221b66b713", "input": "Question: Are specific patterns of laryngeal electromyography during wakefulness associated to sleep disordered breathing and nocturnal stridor in multiple system atrophy?\nAnswer: Electromyographic/kinesiologic investigation of VC muscles during wakefulness provides additional information on the pathophysiology of the respiratory abnormalities in MSA patients that could be useful for guiding the choice of the best appropriate treatment and care.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-225d8db41d50441398a293c540e37180", "input": "Question: Does local brain activity persist during apparently generalized postictal EEG suppression?\nAnswer: Our results reveal that, during apparently generalized postictal EEG suppression, local brain activity persists or reemerges in most GCS. Possible implications of this localized neuronal activity in the context of SUDEP are discussed in the paper.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a62c49586c14487b8df1bd0310a6b86c", "input": "Question: Does interictal epileptic discharge correlate with global and frontal cognitive dysfunction in temporal lobe epilepsy?\nAnswer: In patients with TLE of long duration, IED occurrence was strongly related to cognitive deficits, most pronounced for frontal lobe function. These data suggest that IEDs reflect dysfunctional brain circuitry and may serve as an independent biomarker for cognitive comorbidity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-342db16ac9f34917946e0867eb836def", "input": "Question: Is intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy Associated with Perioperative or Survival Benefit over 3D-Conformal Radiotherapy for Rectal Cancer?\nAnswer: IMRT is associated with worse local tumor control without any long-term survival benefit for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Given the lack of significant advantage and the higher cost of IMRT, caution should be exercised when using IMRT instead of traditional 3D-CRT for rectal cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-270168a6eaef4b5f9ffe4a7cd5b9bdf0", "input": "Question: Do statin drugs decrease progression to cirrhosis in HIV/HCV co-infected individuals?\nAnswer: Statin drug use is beneficial in mitigating the risk of liver disease progression for HIV/HCV co-infected patients without advanced liver disease. Low-HDL and diabetes in co-infected patients with abnormal ALT have greater risk of cirrhosis development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-232080c632c04636b8b69dbf2df1df5d", "input": "Question: Does students ' Interest in Surgery affect Laparoscopic Practicing Performance?\nAnswer: Those clerks and interns interested in surgery who had more sessions for self-guided practice, displayed more improvement than those not interested in surgery did. Improvement in performance correlated highly with trainees' number of self-guided practice sessions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e49337e1ecc4011a58c36a3ae58720a", "input": "Question: Does wnt/Beta-Catenin Signal Inhibitor HC-1 sensitize Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells to 5-Fluorouracil through Reduction of CD44-Positive Population?\nAnswer: These data suggest that HC-1 is an effective compound to target cancer stem cells, and the combination treatment of HC-1 and 5-fluorouracil can stimulate the tumor suppressive effect on oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-812d72cd9f2a4679bca9f2550677926b", "input": "Question: Does transcriptome analysis in oak uncover a strong impact of endogenous rhythmic growth on the interaction with plant-parasitic nematodes?\nAnswer: The results highlight that gene response patterns of plants to biotic interactions, both negative (i.e. plant-parasitic nematodes) and beneficial (i.e. mycorrhiza), are largely modulated by endogenous rhythmic growth, and that such plant traits should be considered as an important driver of these relationships in future studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d31948ce8abc4177a7bc7f83f772d1fe", "input": "Question: Is reactive hyperemia associated with adverse clinical outcomes in heart failure?\nAnswer: The association of reduced hyperemic flow with increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes suggests that micro-vascular function may be an important prognostic marker in patients with HF.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c1233a26d9e14847a66499f7b68f2222", "input": "Question: Is renal assessment using CKD-EPI equation useful as an early predictor of contrast- induced nephropathy in elderly patients with cancer?\nAnswer: In elderly patients with cancer who visit the emergency department, renal assessment before CECT using CKD-EPI equation was superior to SCr alone, MDRD equation, or CG formula in predicting the occurrence of CIN related CECT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c41dbef1779c4fe480132f035311f4db", "input": "Question: Is combined Use of Bivalirudin and Radial Access in Acute Coronary Syndromes Superior to the Use of Either One Separately : Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials?\nAnswer: Bivalirudin reduces bleeding risk only with femoral access, and radial access reduces bleeding risk only with heparin anticoagulation. Therefore, there is no additional benefit to the combined use of bivalirudin and radial access strategies in patients with ACS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-16813b207b354e51b7a050a44d5bdaba", "input": "Question: Do cancer Patients Are at High Risk of Mortality if Presenting with Sepsis at an Emergency Department?\nAnswer: Cancer patients have double the risk of mortality if presenting with sepsis at the ED.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2aaa867e0ba64651956c71ca9005eaab", "input": "Question: Does gT-repeat length polymorphism in heme oxygenase-1 promoter determine the effect of cilostazol on vascular smooth muscle cells?\nAnswer: Cilostazol inhibits VSMC proliferation involving an association between CREB and HO-1. The length polymorphism of GT-repeat in human HO-1 promoter determines the effect of cilostazol.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-552edfd356234814a3a07627dc700c44", "input": "Question: Does mindfulness-based Intervention Influence Cardiac Autonomic Control or Pattern of Physical Activity in Fibromyalgia During Daily Life : An Ambulatory , Multi-measure Randomized Controlled Trial?\nAnswer: MBSR did not produce cardiac autonomic benefits or changes in daily activity in fibromyalgia. Furthermore, lack of association between patient-experienced clinical improvement and objective autonomic measures suggests subjective changes in wellbeing among fibromyalgia patients over time are not related to alterations in cardiorespiratory autonomic function or activity levels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5b06672bfb0442429cb8ac73bbb94e1d", "input": "Question: Is leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma more effective than the conventional therapy with acetaminophen for the treatment of early knee osteoarthritis?\nAnswer: Treatment with LP-PRP injections resulted in a significantly better clinical outcome than did treatment with acetaminophen, with sustained lower EVA and WOMAC scores and improvement in quality-of-life (higher SF-12 score). Therapy with LP-PRP may positively modify the inflammatory joint environment by counteracting IL-1\u03b2 action.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-64fdb389fe064123879445ba5061e282", "input": "Question: Is gene and Protein Expression of Chemokine ( C-C-Motif ) Ligand 19 Upregulated in Unstable Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques?\nAnswer: CCL19 is significantly overexpressed in patients with unstable carotid atherosclerotic plaques and may be a possible novel biomarker for identifying high-risk patients in whom more urgent intervention may be indicated.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9df0ccbd3304cdabb20a512bcb554de", "input": "Question: Do socioeconomic Risk Adjustment Models for Reimbursement Are Necessary in Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty?\nAnswer: Patients in the lowest SES group utilize more resources in the 90-day postoperative period. Therefore, risk adjustment models, including SES, may be necessary to fairly compensate hospitals and surgeons and to avoid potential problems with access to joint arthroplasty care.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-56a7b8cc6f2149eb91158b74bc4bac24", "input": "Question: Does antibiotic-Induced Gut Microbiota Disruption decrease TNF-\u03b1 Release by Mononuclear Cells in Healthy Adults?\nAnswer: In this proof-of-principle study of healthy subjects, microbiota disruption by broad-spectrum antibiotics is reversibly associated with decreased systemic cellular responsiveness towards LPS. The implications of these findings in a clinical setting remain to be determined.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cce3bd7575284cf19654484753ffe4a8", "input": "Question: Does the downregulation of ANGPTL4 inhibit the migration and proliferation of tongue squamous cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: High expression levels of ANGPTL4 are associated with the T stage, lymphatic metastasis, angiogenesis and poor overall survival in TSCC patients. The downregulation of ANGPTL4 inhibits the migration and proliferation of cells in TSCC. Taken together, ANGPTL4 may serve as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for TSCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9792615f429e433192ba51260b2cf2c1", "input": "Question: Does melatonin Receptor 1-Deficiency affect Feeding Dynamics and Pro-Opiomelanocortin Expression in the Arcuate Nucleus and Pituitary of Mice?\nAnswer: Thus, the MT1-mediated signaling stimulates Pomc expression in a region-specific pattern. Since the MT1 mediated changes in Pomc expression do not elicit direct orexigenic or anorexigenic effects such effects are obviously mediated by regulatory systems downstream of the POMC mRNA (e.g. cleavage and release of pro-opiomelanocortin derivatives) which are independent of MT1 signaling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fbe8521017154dc7b4ef7f2cb09fd914", "input": "Question: Do eNPP1 and ESR1 genotypes influence temporomandibular disorders development and surgical treatment response in dentofacial deformities?\nAnswer: This study allows us to identify sub-populations at high risk of developing postoperative temporomandibular disorders after orthognathic surgery procedures. Many other genes of interest could be potential factors influencing the dysfunctional response to orthognathic surgery, particularly genes of the Opera cohort.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2bc7a5537e34451a7bb7fbc68f93cf3", "input": "Question: Are red deer bone and antler collagen isotopically equivalent in carbon and nitrogen?\nAnswer: Bone and antler collagen \u03b4(13) C and \u03b4(15) N values are not isotopically equivalent and are therefore not directly comparable in palaeodietary, palaeoclimate and palaeocological studies. Bone and antler collagen isotopic differences probably relate to differential metabolic processes during the formation of the two tissues. Intra- and inter-antler isotopic variations probably reflect the isotopic composition of an individual's diet rather than physiological parameters, and may have the potential to provide high-resolution individual-specific information in modern and ancient cervid populations. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab03e80d428a4ed89a57ef125c724378", "input": "Question: Is excessive bleeding a normal cleansing process : a qualitative study of postpartum haemorrhage among rural Uganda women?\nAnswer: The community viewed bleeding after childbirth as a normal process and their methods of determining excessive bleeding are imprecise and varied. This opens the door for intervention for reducing delays in the home diagnosis of PPH. This includes increasing awareness among TBAs, women and their families about the risk of death due to excessive bleeding in the immediate postpartum period.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-57ff7da1ea2746feae74fb37b5ffc45c", "input": "Question: Is the link between metabolic features and TSH levels in polycystic ovary syndrome modulated by the body weight : an euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp study?\nAnswer: Our data confirm that the prevalence of SCH is increased in PCOS women. The presence of SCH is associated with endocrine and metabolic imbalances of PCOS, and the excessive body weight seems to promote this interplay.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4476963a8ae64714bd9483d7a5ad9360", "input": "Question: Does lRG1 mRNA expression in breast cancer associate with PIK3CA genotype and with aromatase inhibitor therapy outcome?\nAnswer: We showed in two datasets of ER positive and luminal breast tumors that the expression of 3 miRs and 9 mRNAs associate with the PIK3CA status. Expression of LRG1 is independent of luminal (A or B) subtype, decreased after neo-adjuvant AI-treatment, and is proposed as potential biomarker for AI therapy outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a216fd7d76ae4729b99b336d0faca8c6", "input": "Question: Is indocyanine green retention a potential prognostic indicator after splenectomy and pericardial devascularization for cirrhotic patients?\nAnswer: ICGR15 has outperformed the Child-Pugh classification for assessing liver function in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. ICGR15 may be a suitable prognostic indicator for cirrhotic patients after SPD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-97724fd93dd843c58afd21e9a9989acf", "input": "Question: Does release of Cathepsin B in Cytosol cause Cell Death in Acute Pancreatitis?\nAnswer: This report defines the role of trypsin in AP and shows that cytosolic cathepsin B but not trypsin activates cell death pathways. This report also suggests that trypsin is a requisite for AP only because it causes release of cathepsin B into the cytosol.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cfaa752f71064444a1aae0f65822ff96", "input": "Question: Does aortic prosthesis-patient mismatch strongly affect early results of double valve replacement?\nAnswer: Aortic PPM greatly affects the postoperative outcome of DVR, as it is related to an increased complication rate and a higher in-hospital mortality. A strategy of avoiding PPM but without taking additional risks might improve the early results of DVR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e02e9f120a2f498da883e63f49f93c17", "input": "Question: Is nuclear expression of phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase associated with poor prognosis in human colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: P-FAK expression is an independent prognostic marker in CRC. The present data suggest that the FAK signalling pathway may interact with TNS4, a known oncogene in CRC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0535b30cac7641489cc45991e32f9d46", "input": "Question: Does chronic kidney disease predict long-term mortality after major lower extremity amputation?\nAnswer: Metabolic syndrome is not associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes after lower extremity amputation. However, patients with chronic kidney disease constitute a sub-group of patients at higher risk of postoperative long-term mortality and may be a group to target for intervention.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-20871166a52d4be4ab4c02603b305e39", "input": "Question: Is eD bedside point-of-care lactate in patients with suspected sepsis associated with reduced time to iv fluids and mortality?\nAnswer: Implementation of bedside POC lactate measurement in adult ED patients with suspected sepsis reduces time to test results and time to administration of IV fluids but not antibiotics. A significant reduction in mortality and ICU admissions was also demonstrated, which is likely due, at least in part, to POC testing.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-261f6d701d3b4365970fece59720ce1a", "input": "Question: Is sIRT1 required for oncogenic transformation of neural stem cells and for the survival of `` cancer cells with neural stemness '' in a p53-dependent manner?\nAnswer: These results indicate that expression of SIRT1 in cancer cells with neural stemness plays an important role in suppressing p53-dependent tumor surveillance, the abrogation of which may be responsible not only for inducing oncogenic transformation but also for retaining the neural cancer stemness of the cells, suggesting that SIRT1 may be a putative therapeutic target in GSCs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-104474d4a6914c06a966759201d84fd0", "input": "Question: Is acinetobacter baumannii infection in prior ICU bed occupants an independent risk factor for subsequent cases of ventilator-associated pneumonia?\nAnswer: ICU admission or the hospitalization of patients infected by Acinetobacter baumannii increases the risk of AbVAP by subsequent patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c71915fc28a442618c64dc56fb12ffde", "input": "Question: Is apoptosis inhibitor-5 overexpression associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with cervical cancer?\nAnswer: API5 expression is associated with pERK1/2 in a subset of cervical cancer patients and its expression predicts poor overall survival, supporting that API5 may be a promising novel target for therapeutic interventions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4562a1352504990ad5e06b0aeae858a", "input": "Question: Does preservation of the rectus femoris origin during periacetabular osteotomy compromise acetabular reorientation?\nAnswer: The approach modification was straightforward to implement in all patients and did not compromise acetabular fragment mobilization or final positioning. Two of the three key variables that the approach might have influenced-pain and length of stay-were below the minimum clinically important difference and different by only a fraction of a day, respectively. The difference in ambulation was of only modest clinical importance. More definitive evidence for clinical superiority in terms of pain, ambulation, and return of muscle function will likely require more sophisticated instruments such as gait analysis, muscle strength testing, and longer-term outcome studies with sensitive instruments.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a4c31ae73eb4321b7fc5a909a62b51e", "input": "Question: Does above 5 cm , size matter anymore in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma?\nAnswer: Although recurrence rates are high, surgical resection for solitary HCC offers good overall survival. Tumor size was not a prognostic factor. Solitary large HCC >10 cm would be a good candidate for hepatectomy as well as solitary HCC between 5 and 10 cm.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-634998356a904b11ba9ba9722cefd3a0", "input": "Question: Do both Lewis and secretor status mediate susceptibility to rotavirus infections in a rotavirus genotype-dependent manner?\nAnswer: As VP4 of genotype P[8] is a component of current RV vaccines, our finding that Lewis-negative children are resistant to P[8] strains provides a plausible explanation for the reduced vaccine efficacy in populations with a high percentage of Lewis-negative individuals, such as in Africa. Furthermore, our findings provide a plausible explanation as to why P[6] RV strains are more common in Africa.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a40605c0ca024121849fc41b0a0f816a", "input": "Question: Does a farnesoid X receptor polymorphism predispose to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?\nAnswer: The farnesoid X receptor rs56163822 GT genotype increases the risk for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b93884df16c481c9e410f27090465f5", "input": "Question: Does adaptive brain shut-down counteract neuroinflammation in the near-term ovine fetus?\nAnswer: Adaptive brain shut-down during labor-like worsening acidemia counteracts neuroinflammation in a hypoxia- and time-dependent manner.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac7330874b84454a968f146cead01de9", "input": "Question: Is cross-section perimeter a suitable parameter to describe the effects of different baffle geometries in shaken microtiter plates?\nAnswer: Calculated and experimentally determined OTRmax values agree within\u2009\u00b1\u200930% accuracy. Furthermore, undesired out-of-phase operating conditions can be identified by using the relative perimeter as key parameter. Finally, an optimum well geometry characterized by an increased perimeter of 10% compared to the unbaffled round geometry is identified. This study may also assist to comprehensively describe and optimize the baffles of shake flasks in future.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6dad2b55224a47f897990f63ab4e6376", "input": "Question: Does the effect of neighbourhood unemployment on health-risk behaviours in elderly differ between Slovak and Dutch cities?\nAnswer: Countries differed in the associations with HRB of both neighbourhood unemployment and individual SEP among the elderly urban residents. The local importance of socio-economic factors on both levels should be considered when developing health-promotion activities for the elderly.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2213bfb8c74a4b759b1091180c687f82", "input": "Question: Does sildenafil enhance the peripheral antinociceptive effect of ellagic acid in the rat formalin test?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that EA has local peripheral antinociceptive activity, and enhancement of this effect with sildenafil probably occurs through the inhibition of cGMP metabolism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6905ce2e88f74e0ea546cbb9513725f0", "input": "Question: Does topical vitamin K1 promote repair of full thickness wound in rat?\nAnswer: Topical vitamin K demonstrates wound healing potential in full-thickness wound model.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-734ad704befc4abb877470e94d496d72", "input": "Question: Is fatty acid binding protein-4 expressed in the mouse placental labyrinth , yet is dispensable for placental triglyceride accumulation and fetal growth?\nAnswer: FABP4 is expressed in the mouse placental labyrinth, with highest expression at E16.5. FABP4 is dispensable for feto-placental growth and placental lipid accumulation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-39bbf02a1a9e42dd987bd5ec38393d2f", "input": "Question: Is low birth weight associated with adiposity , impaired skeletal muscle energetics and weight loss resistance in mice?\nAnswer: Our results reveal that in utero undernutrition alters metabolic physiology through a profound effect on skeletal muscle energetics and blunts response to a hypocaloric diet in adulthood. We propose that mitochondrial dysfunction links undernutrition in utero with metabolic disease in adulthood.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-25f239f386f84cbe906839bcc65b18c9", "input": "Question: Is early repolarization associated with atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention?\nAnswer: The ER pattern is commonly observed in patients with STEMI and associated with atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmia during acute setting.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-62a0a1f2adce453e946f878fb42f185a", "input": "Question: Does estradiol bound to Insulin and Insulin Receptor Decreasing Insulin Binding in vitro?\nAnswer: Estradiol concentrations in hyperestrogenemic syndromes may interfere with INS binding to its receptor producing significant INS resistance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d548950267ea40f488797a11d68858b0", "input": "Question: Do plasma protein biomarkers enhance the clinical prediction of kidney injury recovery in patients undergoing liver transplantation?\nAnswer: These data suggest that plasma protein profiles might improve the prediction of pre-LT kidney injury recovery after LT. However, multicenter, prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and ultimately test the value of such protein panels in perioperative management and decision making.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-931a23a497fe4987824c43b3b52b17b2", "input": "Question: Does neighborhood influence on recreational physical activity and survival after breast cancer?\nAnswer: Certain aspects of the neighborhood have independent associations with recreational physical activity among breast cancer patients and their survival. Considering neighborhood factors may aide in the design of more effective, tailored physical activity programs for breast cancer survivors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-57ffd78c2b8a477796e6ae0254ab8f89", "input": "Question: Is basal and \u03b2-adrenergic cardiomyocytes contractility dysfunction induced by dietary protein restriction associated with downregulation of SERCA2a expression and disturbance of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ regulation in rats?\nAnswer: The observations reveal that protein restriction induces marked myocardial morphofunctional damage. The pathological changes of cardiomyocyte mechanics suggest the potential involvement of the \u03b2-adrenergic system, which is possibly associated with changes in SERCA2a expression and disturbances in Ca(2+) intracellular kinetics.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2322e42c74cc4f28a7e06e9ae2b531be", "input": "Question: Does autocrine secretion of 15d-PGJ2 mediate simvastatin-induced apoptotic burst in human metastatic melanoma cells?\nAnswer: We characterized simvastatin-induced activation of the 15d-PGJ2 /FABP5 signalling cascades, which triggered an apoptotic burst in melanoma cells but did not affect primary human melanocytes. These data support the rationale for the pharmacological targeting of 15d-PGJ2 in metastatic melanoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c181b7dea23d42aca8e0d4bf9528806e", "input": "Question: Is t-cell receptor diversity selectively skewed in T-cell populations of patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that WAS gene mutations selectively influence TCR repertoire development or expansion in CD45RO(+) (memory) CD4(+) T cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-adbfe91d802f48a58e6fced9b9688cd7", "input": "Question: Does greater body mass independently predict less radiographic progression on X-ray and MRI over 1-2 years?\nAnswer: Greater BMI is associated with a lower risk of progression on X-ray and MRI over 2\u2005years. Subjects with greater BMI also demonstrate less bone oedema at baseline. Greater BMI may indicate a less aggressive RA phenotype and aid in risk stratification.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-822ceb6131f5423ca91de6af0c379d2c", "input": "Question: Does comparison of gene expression microarray data with count-based RNA measurements inform microarray interpretation?\nAnswer: Microarray measurements generally correlate with relative RNA molecule counts within optimal ranges but suffer from expression-dependent accuracy bias and precision that varies across datasets. We urge microarray users to consider expression-level effects in signal interpretation and to evaluate noise properties in each dataset independently.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fa30677b01745189cfd7e2b6d0bcf54", "input": "Question: Is a novel BHLHE41 variant associated with short sleep and resistance to sleep deprivation in humans?\nAnswer: There are a number of mutations of BHLHE41. Mutations reduce total sleep while maintaining NREM sleep and provide resistance to the effects of sleep loss. Mutations that affect sleep also modify the normal inhibition of BHLHE41 of CLOCK/BMAL1 transactivation. Thus, clock mechanisms are likely involved in setting sleep length and the magnitude of sleep homeostasis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-89dcb730d4424bfda8698f6eb2a0e318", "input": "Question: Is subcortical atrophy associated with cognitive impairment in mild Parkinson disease : a combined investigation of volumetric changes , cortical thickness , and vertex-based shape analysis?\nAnswer: Patients with Parkinson disease with mild cognitive impairment demonstrated reduced subcortical volumes, which were associated with cognitive deficits. The thalamus, nucleus accumbens, and putamen may serve as potential biomarkers for Parkinson disease-mild cognitive impairment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f631853941445c7a2c2a79c0f77635f", "input": "Question: Is gOLP3 a predictor of survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma?\nAnswer: GOLPH3 was overexpressed in HCC at both the mRNA and protein levels, and the presence of high levels of expression of GOLPH3 could serve as a novel and potential prognostic biomarker for liver cancer patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a6726069e89747d79ef996457dd6067f", "input": "Question: Do lymph node metastases impact survival in follicular variant papillary thyroid cancer?\nAnswer: LNM occur in less than 10% of patients with FVPTC but do not impact DSM. Instead, DSM in FVPTC is related to size and local invasion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-864a99b2ea5e44ecb25f049aedc644f4", "input": "Question: Do histones induce phosphatidylserine exposure and a procoagulant phenotype in human red blood cells?\nAnswer: Histones induce RBCs to express a procoagulant phenotype through the externalization of PS. This finding provides new insights into the prothrombotic activity of extracellular histones.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b738082c2c04e7a8429be06df9163b0", "input": "Question: Does aMP-activated protein kinase deficiency rescue paraquat-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction through an autophagy-dependent mechanism?\nAnswer: Taken together, our findings revealed that AMPK may mediate paraquat-induced myocardial anomalies possibly by regulating the AMPK/mTOR-dependent autophagy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb6ce16e60774c95b8ad42b4aac8f199", "input": "Question: Is depigmentation caused by application of the active brightening material , rhododendrol , related to tyrosinase activity at a certain threshold?\nAnswer: The generation of a tyrosinase-catalyzed hydroxyl-metabolite is one of the causes for the diminishment of the melanocyte viability by rhododendrol.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-12189a6f668645d285efd1a76525e8a6", "input": "Question: Is adherence to exercise programs for older people influenced by program characteristics and personal factors : a systematic review?\nAnswer: Older people's adherence to exercise programs is most commonly measured with dropout and attendance rates and is associated with a range of program and personal factors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-11d48fbcfe654c7091128a82b12b73eb", "input": "Question: Does comparative characterization of GmSPX members reveal that GmSPX3 is involved in phosphate homeostasis in soybean?\nAnswer: Taken together, the results suggest that GmSPX3 is a positive regulator in the P signalling network, and controls Pi homeostasis in soybean.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-036fd63206244c93864b35d1e2d9061e", "input": "Question: Does pancreatic intubation facilitated by methylene blue injection decrease the risk for postpapillectomy acute pancreatitis?\nAnswer: Endoscopic papillectomy is safe and effective in the hands of experts. Pancreatic-duct stent placement in fewer cannulation attempts could be facilitated by injection of MB before papillectomy, and this decreases the risk for postprocedure pancreatitis. Recurrences can be managed endoscopically, but with a higher risk for pancreatitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-46bdc29108e9434e9eb7af9d61ad27f5", "input": "Question: Does short-hairpin RNA-mediated MTA2 silencing inhibit human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB231 proliferation and metastasis?\nAnswer: For the first time to our knowledge we showed that MTA2 depletion could significantly inhibit human breast cancer cell growth and metastasis, implying that MTA2 might be involved in the progression of breast cancer. The role of MTA2 in breast cancer growth and metastasis might be linked with regulation of matrix metalloproteinase and apoptosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a797f05c0a5f4ad690ed4da8336ca874", "input": "Question: Does high or low calcium intake increase cardiovascular disease risks in older patients with type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: High or low calcium intake increases cardiovascular disease risks. We suggest that \"moderate\" intake of 402-600\u00a0mg Ca/day (approximately 67%-100% of Taiwan RDA for Ca) and adequate Mg intake (or meeting RDA for Mg) with Ca:Mg intake ratio of 2.0-2.5 are important for reducing cardiovascular disease risks in older patients with diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a606b173e7e7483eb425dd7af0928108", "input": "Question: Does long-term , low-dose lithium treatment impair renal function in the elderly : a 2-year randomized , placebo-controlled trial followed by single-blind extension?\nAnswer: Chronic use of lithium at low doses did not affect renal function and was clinically safe. However, some other potentially relevant adverse events were observed and others could not be ruled out due to limitations of the study design.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-845de1e73c0e481f868aafd412e7d7bd", "input": "Question: Does comparative genomic hybridization show complex genomic changes of plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma?\nAnswer: In PUCs, the frequency of aneuploidy and the complexity of genomic changes per tumor are greater than those described in conventional UC. The aberrations described in PUC involve the same regions that are associated with aggressive biological behavior in conventional UC. Gains on 11q, 17q, 17p, and 20q and losses on 4q and 6q affect most PUCs and seem to harbor important chromosomal regions for PUC carcinogenesis. Large-scale deletions on chromosome 9 were not detected. CNV analysis indicates heterozygous deletion of CDH1 as one underlying mechanism of loss of membranous E-cadherin in PUC. Loss of CCND1 and SNAI1 is a common molecular feature and could contribute to the aggressive biological behavior of PUC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d7cad9c13b9240f1b636e2e549357af5", "input": "Question: Is impaired subjective well-being in schizophrenia associated with reduced anterior cingulate activity during reward processing?\nAnswer: In patients with schizophrenia, reduced activation of the dACC during multiple aspects of reward processing is associated with lower SW. As the dACC has been widely linked to coupling of reward and action, and the link to SW is apparent over anticipation and outcome, these findings suggest that SW deficits in schizophrenia may be attributable to reduced integration of environmental rewarding cues, motivated behaviour and reward outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd342128895c4eb6a6ee9a4d51d57f22", "input": "Question: Does mPGES-2 deletion remarkably enhance liver injury in streptozotocin-treated mice via induction of GLUT2?\nAnswer: mPGES-2 deletion enhanced STZ-induced liver toxicity possibly via GLUT2-mediated STZ uptake, independently of diabetes mellitus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ab48bb934b44e7985559afb147ffa91", "input": "Question: Does switching types of drug-eluting stents prevent repeated in-stent restenosis in patients with coronary drug-eluting stent restenosis?\nAnswer: A strategy involving repeated DES implantation was superior to POBA for preventing recurrent restenosis. Treatment with a different type or generation of DES does not appear to reduce the incidence of TLR. Moreover, we identified certain useful factors for facilitating appropriate and early triage in the patients with repeated DES ISR.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d81e83f8e2e641ca90ccbee3b68bad0d", "input": "Question: Does change in adiposity minimally affect the lipid profile in youth with recent onset type 1 diabetes?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that weight loss may be an effective, but limited, therapeutic approach for dyslipidemia in youth with T1D.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9fce4b6ea42c4b69ad843ca1d34ee10a", "input": "Question: Is endoscopic gastric volume reduction with a novel articulating plication device safe and effective in the treatment of obesity ( with video )?\nAnswer: Limited number of patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8241e3aa38e14c709a4c174e1ed9d597", "input": "Question: Is environmental lead exposure associated with visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure variability in the US adults?\nAnswer: This study documents a positive linear relationship between environmental lead exposure and systolic blood pressure variability. Screening adults with fluctuating blood pressure for lead exposure could be warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e62f192c39be4f238f735dca65e1cf38", "input": "Question: Are residual perfusion defects in patients with pulmonary embolism related to impaired fibrinolytic capacity?\nAnswer: Prolonged time-to-diagnosis and fibrinolysis imbalance are independent predictors of incomplete perfusion recovery after acute PE.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b062fe8ef424c3ab593b5d95d9d3fc9", "input": "Question: Is chromogranin A a reliable serum diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors but not for insulinomas?\nAnswer: CgA is a reliable serum diagnostic biomarker for PNETs but not for insulinomas.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a4e6b8fd77f4aee86549efd52ba3079", "input": "Question: Is expression of A disintegrin and metalloprotease 8 associated with cell growth and poor survival in colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: Our results show that ADAM8 is overexpressed in CRC, promotes cell growth and correlates with worse OS and DFS, and thus could serve as a biomarker for individual CRC patient therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a87330b924404e88a3cfb84db7210265", "input": "Question: Is functional recovery considered the most important target : a survey of dedicated professionals?\nAnswer: Functional recovery, as in tolerance of food without nausea and regained mobility, was considered the most important target of recovery. There was a consistent uniformity in the way international dedicated professionals scored the relative importance of recovery targets and care items. The relative rating of the perioperative care items was not dependent on the strength of evidence supporting the items.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a3ba4878709b4617811c6329c20ceae6", "input": "Question: Does successive exposure to moderate hypoxia affect glucose metabolism and substrate oxidation in young healthy men?\nAnswer: Seven hours of moderate hypoxia did not alter postprandial glucose responses or substrate oxidation in young healthy men.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f327049aa3df41e1b71558ce62581a8a", "input": "Question: Is the CCR5\u039432 allele a major predisposing factor for severe H1N1pdm09 infection?\nAnswer: The CCR5\u039432 allele was not found to be associated with the risk of H1N1pdm09 infection or with a severe disease course.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-946247dd3bbc43309e4038bf06690edd", "input": "Question: Does repetitive electric brain stimulation reduce food intake in humans?\nAnswer: Our study implies that the application of anodal direct currents to the right DLPFC represents a promising option for reducing both caloric intake and appetite in humans. This trial was registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (www.germanctr.de) as DRKS00005811.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-669f62a41b1f463fb2c9e6b8023d9cde", "input": "Question: Do progesterone receptor and PTEN expression predict survival in patients with low- and intermediate-grade pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?\nAnswer: Combined immunohistochemical assessment of PR and PTEN may help identify a small subset of PanNETs with more aggressive behavior and may aid in risk stratification.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d8d806371462455697aeae6460106fe4", "input": "Question: Does the yeast histone chaperone hif1p function with RNA in nucleosome assembly?\nAnswer: These results suggest that specific RNA species may function in concert with histone chaperones to assemble chromatin.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-05296e12656b448e93769d463efd081d", "input": "Question: Do obese children and adolescents need increased gastric volumes in order to perceive satiety?\nAnswer: Obese children and adolescents need to ingest greater volumes to feel full which may predispose toward the consumption of larger portion sizes. This may easily lead to overeating if predominantly energy-dense foods are consumed. A reduction in energy-dense foods in the diet of obese children and adolescents appears to be a necessary strategy for managing body weight.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-13dd20a64ae8417aab74450e5d3eba8f", "input": "Question: Does anesthetic preconditioning inhibit isoflurane-mediated apoptosis in the developing rat brain?\nAnswer: The ISO-mediated increase in cleaved caspase-3 in the postnatal day 7 rat brain is ameliorated by PC with a brief anesthetic exposure, and differences were not detected in other markers of neuronal injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-45916da96233468b9d68048937371db3", "input": "Question: Is cFI-rs7356506 a genetic protective factor for acute anterior uveitis in Chinese patients?\nAnswer: This study has revealed a significant association between AAU and CFI-rs7356506, suggesting that CFI is involved in the pathogenesis of AAU, and that its influence on AAU may differ depending on gender and HLA-B27 status.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-297bb7fe31064a8aaa0217c7412c52eb", "input": "Question: Is early elevated serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase after liver transplantation associated with better survival?\nAnswer: \u00a0 These paradoxical findings may be explained by the time-dependent role of GGT in glutathione metabolism. Immediate postoperative elevation of GGT may indicate a physiological systemic response while chronic elevation reflects a pathological response.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cc6d2c35bf3b453c8f98a27e6a394f23", "input": "Question: Do sodium hypochlorite chemical burn in an endodontist 's eye during canal treatment using operating microscope?\nAnswer: Sodium hypochlorite is an effective antibacterial irrigant indicated for the treatment of root canal infections. The tissue cytotoxicity highlights the need to inform the patient of the risk factors of accidents and enhance care with individual protection equipment for the patient and the professional during clinical procedures.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c7c80ee493b4b519e49847b2e85c4aa", "input": "Question: Is human fetal growth constrained below optimal for perinatal survival?\nAnswer: From an immediate survival perspective, optimal fetal growth requires a birth weight between the 80(th) and 84(th) centiles for the population. Median birth weight in the population is, by definition, substantially lower than these centiles, implying that the majority of fetuses exhibit some form of maternal constraint on growth. This finding is consistent with adaptations that have evolved in humans in conjunction with a large head and bipedalism, to reduce the risk of obstructed delivery. These data also fit remarkably well with those on long-term adult cardiovascular and metabolic health risks, which are lowest in cases with a birth weight around the 90(th) centile.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8844ba246ac43d1ba679882643a2ede", "input": "Question: Does zinc treatment ameliorate diarrhea and intestinal inflammation in undernourished rats?\nAnswer: Altogether our findings provide novel mechanisms of zinc action in the setting of diarrhea and undernutrition and support the use of zinc to prevent the vicious cycle of malnutrition and diarrhea.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cc6d733df5ad42e3be514b7cf6b8a4ee", "input": "Question: Does silibinin administration improve hepatic failure due to extensive liver infiltration in a breast cancer patient?\nAnswer: This is the first case report of a clinical benefit of silibinin administration in a breast cancer patient.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-69c82cd913c8441aa6d4578412ecfefa", "input": "Question: Is spa typing alone sufficient to demonstrate endemic establishment of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a low-prevalence country?\nAnswer: MRSA spa type t304 appears to have established itself as an endemic genetic lineage in the study area. spa typing does not provide sufficient resolution when investigating the spread of an endemic-like genetic lineage in a low-prevalence area, and should be supplemented by additional typing techniques.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-56875649b53d4cf7b17f10333309b86b", "input": "Question: Is total antioxidant capacity significantly lower in cocaine-dependent and methamphetamine-dependent patients relative to normal controls : results from a preliminary study?\nAnswer: Stimulant-dependent patients had significantly lower antioxidant capacity relative to controls, suggesting that they may be at greater risk for oxidative damage to the brain and other organs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-23a5475117e14bf082d707d038e71cd0", "input": "Question: Is neoplastic progression in short-segment Barrett 's oesophagus associated with impairment of chemical clearance , but not inadequate acid suppression by proton pump inhibitor therapy?\nAnswer: Neoplastic progression in SSBO is associated with impairment of chemical clearance, but not inadequate acid suppression by PPI therapy. Neoplastic progression in SSBO can be predicted by a low PSPW index.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a0c36181d41d4a0f9683352ecb44f3dd", "input": "Question: Does nADPH oxidase 2 mediate angiotensin II-dependent cellular arrhythmias via PKA and CaMKII?\nAnswer: Ang II activates PKA and CaMKII via NOX2, which results in disturbed Na and Ca currents (via PKA) and enhanced diastolic SR Ca leakage (via CaMKII). Oxidative activation of PKA and CaMKII via NOX2 may represent important pro-arrhythmogenic pathways in the setting of increased Ang II stimulation, which may be relevant for the treatment of arrhythmias in cardiac disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f858d68c8d44d599dc12b97809fc147", "input": "Question: Is stemness Derived from Thyroid Cancer Cells?\nAnswer: Our findings support our earlier hypothesis that stemness in thyroid cancer is derived via EMT rather than from resident thyroid stem cells. In mice with a thyroid-specific knock-in of oncogenic Braf (LSL-Braf((V600E))/TPO-Cre), the neoplastic changes were dependent on thyroid cell differentiation and the onset of stemness must have been derived from differentiated thyroid epithelial cells. Furthermore, celastrol suppressed TGF-\u03b21 induced EMT in thyroid cancer cells and may have therapeutic potential.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-96422722e4714e8ba93ac232b8c013b2", "input": "Question: Does low RNA translation activit limit the efficacy of hydrodynamic gene transfer to pig liver in vivo?\nAnswer: The results suggest that the low activity of mRNA translation limits the final efficacy of the gene transfer procedure. On the other hand, the gold nanoparticles study suggests that elongated DNA conformation could offer advantages in that the access of 15-nm particles is very limited.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fbe445ad9f334cdd990dfe81629cb248", "input": "Question: Is p300-dependent STAT3 acetylation necessary for angiotensin II-induced pro-fibrotic responses in renal tubular epithelial cells?\nAnswer: p300-dependent STAT3 acetylation is necessary for Ang II-induced STAT3 phosphorylation and the consequent pro-fibrotic responses in renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-63d85f610e064824bc47dcde96bc94e0", "input": "Question: Is bevacizumab concomitant with chemotherapy effective in treating Chinese patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: Bevacizumab concomitant with chemotherapy is effective and the related toxicity can be well tolerated in Chinese patients with NSNSCLC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-afd19f755cae41e48bcb74e8666c322f", "input": "Question: Does why TQM work in Iranian healthcare organisations?\nAnswer: Understanding the factors that are likely to obstruct TQM implementation would enable managers to develop more viable strategies for achieving business excellence.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e0f18eb79e0e42f88b1db564bf1a1839", "input": "Question: Do autism-associated gene Dlgap2 mutant mice demonstrate exacerbated aggressive behaviors and orbitofrontal cortex deficits?\nAnswer: Our findings clearly demonstrate that Dlgap2 plays a vital role in social behaviors and proper synaptic functions of the OFC. Moreover, these results may provide valuable insights into the neuropathology of autism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a73572697463411eb4ce7df3147aa0aa", "input": "Question: Does next-generation sequencing reveal large connected networks of intra-host HCV variants?\nAnswer: Most intra-host variants are organized into distinct single-mutation components that are: well separated from each other, represent genetic distances between viral variants, robust to sampling, reproducible and likely seeded during transmission events. Facilitated by NGS, large components offer a novel evolutionary framework for genetic analysis of intra-host viral populations and understanding transmission, immune escape and drug resistance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eaa1c4722dfd4c93b9221913a34b6595", "input": "Question: Does stat3 signaling activation crosslinking of TGF-\u03b21 in hepatic stellate cell exacerbate liver injury and fibrosis?\nAnswer: We provide a novel role of Stat3 cooperating TGF-\u03b21 in activation and anti-apoptotic effect of HSCs. Stat3 worsens liver fibrosis through the up-regulation of TGF-\u03b21 and fibrotic product expression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fec463b554941b4b7e315a191cdfb84", "input": "Question: Does astragalin inhibit airway eotaxin-1 induction and epithelial apoptosis through modulating oxidative stress-responsive MAPK signaling?\nAnswer: Astragalin ameliorated oxidative stress-associated epithelial eosinophilia and apoptosis through disturbing TLR4-PKC\u03b22-NADPH oxidase-responsive signaling. Therefore, astragalin may be a potent agent antagonizing endotoxin-induced oxidative stress leading to airway dysfunction and inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-81e72d9686044ee3830a9b45edd268c3", "input": "Question: Is physical activity associated with elevated arterial stiffness in patients with lumbar disk herniation?\nAnswer: The findings showed that LDH patients had higher baPWV levels. In addition, reduced physical activity was a risk factor contributing to increased baPWV. Further studies are warranted to determine the role of baPWV in LDH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fafb9f5aefe34d4f962f0415c2e0a354", "input": "Question: Does effective treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins reduce autoreactive T-cell response in patients with CIDP?\nAnswer: Our data demonstrate that immunomodulatory treatment with IVIgs on a long-term basis reduces the autoreactive T-cell response against PMP-22 and P2-antigens, which may be influenced by the altered maintenance of CD8 and CD4 effector/memory T-cell subsets towards a more anti-inflammatory immune status. Elevated PMP-22 and P2-specific T-cell responses may serve as predictors for treatment responsiveness to IVIgs warranting validation in larger studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-081f9fd7ba0a43f8bdc2ff28378b45fe", "input": "Question: Does self-controlled practice enhance motor learning in introverts and extroverts?\nAnswer: We conclude that self-controlled practice enhances motor learning in introverts and extroverts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-734fa22654734cb79c4b1aa26b13ac4a", "input": "Question: Does interatrial septum motion but not Doppler assessment predict elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in patients undergoing cardiac surgery?\nAnswer: Doppler assessment of PCWP was neither sensitive nor specific enough to be clinically useful in anesthetized patients with mechanical ventilation. The fixed curve pattern of the interatrial septum was the best predictor of raised PCWP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-44d345354f9f4289a3caee47b9e0f8a3", "input": "Question: Is hashimoto 's disease a frequent comorbidity and an exacerbating factor of chronic spontaneous urticaria?\nAnswer: The comorbidity rate of HD in CSU patients was high, and such patients tended to have a positive ASST. Thyroid therapy in CSU patients with HD can lead to a considerable remission of urticarial symptoms, which may suggest that HD is possibly involved in the aetiology of CSU, or is at least a potential exacerbating factor for CSU.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-97c2aa2993c74d6c8e78f3b95d640522", "input": "Question: Does gender difference affect the outcomes of eccentric rotational acetabular osteotomy used in hip dysplasia?\nAnswer: The mean operative time and the blood loss were not significantly different between male and female patients. Postoperative CE angle tended to be smaller in male than female patients. The survival rate was not significantly different between males and females. Gender difference did not affect the clinical outcomes of ERAO in patients with hip dysplasia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc008ebeac524d6994e426dc408de169", "input": "Question: Is physician preference a major factor in management of vesicoureteral reflux?\nAnswer: A surgeon's historic Deflux utilization was the most important predictor of VUR surgery type. Although data on reflux grade were not available, analysis of patient and surgeon characteristics suggests that surgeon preference is the first or second most critical factor in determining a patient's treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-090cee83496d414da92a3737074efda9", "input": "Question: Are filaggrin loss-of-function mutations a predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis in an Ishigaki Island under subtropical climate?\nAnswer: The FLG loss-of-function mutation frequency was not significantly different between the AD and non-AD groups in a cohort of children from Ishigaki Island, which has a subtropical climate, suggesting that FLG loss-of-function mutations are not always a predisposing factor for AD prevalence.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e81cf011764473f8cbc9873abfa4743", "input": "Question: Does administrative Database Research overestimate the Rate of Interval Colon Cancer?\nAnswer: The prevalence of I-CRC at our institution before adjustment was comparable with previously reported rates. This proportion was 47% lower after adjusting for administrative errors placing our figure at the lower end of reported I-CRC incidence. Reported rates of I-CRC may be falsely elevated due to errors unique to merging administrative databases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-30fa1448850c461ca45adea1c1d41d39", "input": "Question: Does complement protein C1q promote macrophage anti-inflammatory M2-like polarization during the clearance of atherogenic lipoproteins?\nAnswer: C1q-polarization of macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory (M2-like) phenotype may be important in dampening inflammation in the early atherosclerotic lesion. Further investigation of molecular pathways targeted by C1q may provide novel therapeutic targets for this disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c99aff1298864d1b80c4f18787157482", "input": "Question: Does virtual planning of complex head and neck reconstruction result in satisfactory match between real outcomes and virtual models?\nAnswer: Virtual plans for mandibular and maxillofacial reconstruction can be realised with excellent match.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6adf10e3c8d14ce0aa8e7970c66d475c", "input": "Question: Does an accelerated infliximab induction regimen reduce the need for early colectomy in patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis?\nAnswer: In patients with ASUC, an accelerated infliximab induction strategy reduces the need for early colectomy. An intensified infliximab dosing strategy in response to clinical or laboratory signs of breakthrough inflammation merits consideration in prospective studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f80107ac2db74e5ca10ec123f601e00d", "input": "Question: Does combination of dehydroepiandrosterone and orthovanadate administration reduce intestinal leukocyte recruitment in models of experimental sepsis?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that DHEA is able to reduce intestinal leukocyte recruitment induced by experimental sepsis. Combination of DHEA with OV inhibits leukocyte adherence to intestinal endothelium, similar to what is achieved by the single administration of DHEA but with significantly improved FCD. These findings suggest a potential role for DHEA and OV in clinical sepsis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dcdd1262420e4bd5ad52d908a88a1dfa", "input": "Question: Does psychological distress negatively affect self-assessment of shoulder function in patients with rotator cuff tears?\nAnswer: Higher levels of psychological distress are associated with inferior baseline patient self-assessment of shoulder pain and function using the VAS, the Simple Shoulder Test, and the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score. Longitudinal followup is warranted to clarify the relationship between distress and self-perceived disability and the effect of distress on postoperative outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9bd1995734d946139ded5c85bc8e6831", "input": "Question: Does drought degree constrain the beneficial effects of a fungal endophyte on Atractylodes lancea?\nAnswer: Plant traits plasticity was conferred by dual effects of drought stress and FEs, and these factors are interactive. Although FEs can help plants cope with drought stress, the beneficial effects are strictly constrained by drought degree.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d45fd9cb76f14acc807c8f24ef840249", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of euchromatic histone methyltransferase 1 and 2 sensitize chronic myeloid leukemia cells to interferon treatment?\nAnswer: Our study sheds light on the role of EHMT1 and EHMT2 as potential targets in improving the efficacy of standard treatments of CML.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eb5e1ef504204a11b33935a7c41d63d6", "input": "Question: Does cT substitute derived from MR images reconstructed with parallel imaging?\nAnswer: SPIRiT marginally improved the CT substitute quality for a given number of radial spokes as compared to gridding. However, the increased reconstruction time of non-Cartesian parallel imaging reconstruction is difficult to motivate from this improvement. Because the CT substitute algorithm was insensitive to moderate subsampling, data for a CT substitute could be collected in as little as minute and reconstructed with gridding without deteriorating the CT substitute quality.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-80141d44451141088a1cd5b1af052003", "input": "Question: Does increased nucleated red blood cells count in prolonged rupture of membranes is not erythropoietin driven?\nAnswer: Cord blood concentrations of EPO do not appear to be significantly affected by the duration of ruptured membranes. We speculate that erythropoiesis is upregulated in PROM by mechanisms that involve the production of cytokines and are not EPO driven.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9e1732c98b848f1b9bde54cc04f2779", "input": "Question: Does [ Inflammation promote the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer ]?\nAnswer: Inflammation can promote the colitis-associated CAC. And the activation of STAT3 signal pathway may promote the development of CAC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8959fd8429b843648250ffbb62493fa6", "input": "Question: Is higher fructose intake inversely associated with risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in older Finnish adults?\nAnswer: Our cross-sectional results did not support the current hypothesis that high intake of fructose is associated with a higher prevalence of NAFLD as assessed by using the FLI and NAFLD liver fat score.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b400de62c08b4c66b61cb881046f437e", "input": "Question: Does formononetin attenuate hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2 ) -induced apoptosis and NF-\u03baB activation in RGC-5 cells?\nAnswer: Formononetin may be developed as a antioxidant drug to treat diabetic retinopathy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5eedfcefa9204ed8b3cf226a503ec368", "input": "Question: Does zuo Jin Wan reverse P-gp-mediated drug-resistance by inhibiting activation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-\u03baB pathway?\nAnswer: Our study has provided the first direct evidence that ZJW reverses drug-resistance in human colorectal cancer by blocking the PI3K/Akt/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway, and could be considered as a useful drug for cancer therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f37a0a54d5b84a4388d0a4d1ac52796f", "input": "Question: Do patients with Pathologically Proven Renal Disease Have Similar Declines in Renal Function Following Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy?\nAnswer: The presence of pathological renal disease in non-neoplastic renal tissue did not place patients at risk for worsened postoperative complications or renal function deterioration following robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5857e746661640fa817bcf805f002833", "input": "Question: Is neuronal loss an early component of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis?\nAnswer: The combination of MRS and diffusion MRI findings suggests neuronal loss can be a primary target in rapidly or subacutely progressing SSPE, and preservation or regeneration of axonal structure may be beneficial in chronic cases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6c694ac940d54f72887c33b40a443323", "input": "Question: Is osteoprotegerin a Better Serum Biomarker of Coronary Artery Calcification than Osteocalcin in Type 2 Diabetes?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that OPG is a more useful serum biomarker than OC or ucOC for identifying those at increased risk of arterial calcification in type 2 diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-21b52111e1664ab38226b24374292d35", "input": "Question: Does inconsistency in filling in the bottom of the spine bone map affect reported spine bone mineral density?\nAnswer: When there is a noticeable defect in the bottom of the spine bone map, filling this defect in consistently eliminates a significant source of variability in analysis of spine BMDs and might allow us to achieve smaller LSCs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-905effa09f6b424aaa890f96dce06684", "input": "Question: Does chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia ameliorate ischemia/reperfusion-induced calcium overload in heart via Na/Ca2+ exchanger in developing rats?\nAnswer: These data suggest that CIHH protects developing rat hearts during I/R by enhancing the resistance against calcium overload and by preserving normal I(Na/Ca) and NCX1 protein. PKC activation might be involved in this protective process of CIHH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9eb133d20f24ab28d96d6897397dc4a", "input": "Question: Does diffusion-weighted MRI characteristics of the cerebral metastasis to brain boundary predict patient outcomes?\nAnswer: DWI demonstrates changes in the tumor, across the tumor edge and in the peritumoral region which may not be visible on conventional MRI and this may be useful in predicting patient outcomes for operated cerebral metastases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f03f2cad7feb436aa5a453a610808684", "input": "Question: Is sumo E2 enzyme UBC9 required for efficient protein quality control in cardiomyocytes?\nAnswer: UBC9 plays a significant role in cardiomyocyte protein quality control, and its activity can be exploited to reduce toxic levels of misfolded or aggregated proteins in cardiomyopathy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-328cc9c5846040239f9c4826fa8c7a50", "input": "Question: Are spinal cord grey matter abnormalities associated with secondary progression and physical disability in multiple sclerosis?\nAnswer: The study findings suggest that pathological involvement of the spinal cord GM contributes significantly to physical disability in relapse-onset MS and SPMS in particular.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d04929b945444e3aac765e687f71abba", "input": "Question: Does age worsen the efficacy nor tolerance to combined induction therapies in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: Age by itself did not significantly worsen either the efficacy or tolerance to combined induction and definitive treatment in patients with LA-NSCLC and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-2.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8330cc11fd6f4e4fb327221b744339f1", "input": "Question: Do parmelia sulcata Taylor and Usnea filipendula Stirt induce apoptosis-like cell death and DNA damage in cancer cells?\nAnswer: In this study, methanolic extracts of Parmelia sulcata and Usnea filipendula induced apoptosis-like cell death by causing DNA damage, to cancer cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ccaeeb9ae327463992d8bc8c1b28b1f7", "input": "Question: Is parathyroid hormone associated with the LV mass after aortic valve replacement?\nAnswer: After AVR, the level of PTH is independently associated with LVH. In turn, the level of PTH is related with the renal function and the level of 25-OHD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e7c2db7fd6f84e0196b5ce588bd600ee", "input": "Question: Does the conserved discs-large binding partner Banderuola regulate asymmetric cell division in Drosophila?\nAnswer: Bnd is a novel regulator of ACD in different types of cells. Our data place Bnd at the top of the hierarchy of the factors involved in ACD, suggesting that its main function is to mediate the localization and function of the Dlg tumor suppressor. Bnd has an antioncogenic function that is redundant with Dlg, and the physical interaction between the two proteins is conserved in evolution.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3aa51dc6b39b40eeaece109a8ba50948", "input": "Question: Does pINK1 trigger autocatalytic activation of Parkin to specify cell fate decisions?\nAnswer: Autocatalytic activation of Parkin bolsters its accumulation on mitochondria and apoptotic response to valinomycin. Our results suggest that PINK1-Parkin constitutes a\u00a0damage-gated molecular switch that governs cellular-context-specific cell fate decisions in response to variable stress stimuli.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e67f4f3c9c4d47699a83fa81566d33d4", "input": "Question: Do integrin-associated complexes form hierarchically with variable stoichiometry in nascent adhesions?\nAnswer: These observations suggest a working model for NA assembly whereby transient \u03b1-actinin-integrin complexes help nucleate NAs within the lamellipodium. Subsequently, integrin complexes containing kindlin, but not talin, emerge. Once NAs have formed, myosin II activity promotes talin association with the integrin-kindlin complex in a stoichiometry consistent with each talin molecule linking two integrin-kindlin complexes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-66fce4d52018445591ab32bab35ae298", "input": "Question: Does short-term glucocorticoid treatment cause spinal osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats?\nAnswer: Short-term glucocorticoid treatment of ovariectomized rats indicates according to DEXA standards a severe osteoporotic bone status in vertebral bone. Nonetheless, dysfunctional bone anabolism and enhanced bone catabolism are observed. Alterations of bone extracellular matrix proteins that correlate to inferior mechanical stability and affected microstructure were noticed and suggest further investigation. Treatment with dexamethasone was also seen to affect insulin and osteopontin levels and thus osteoblast function and maturation. This described animal model presents a recapitulation of clinically obtained data from early phase glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis observed in patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b6dae0b349674e7085138d9b9bf261f3", "input": "Question: Does graft shape affect midfoot correction and forefoot loading mechanics in lateral column lengthening osteotomies?\nAnswer: Graft shape had no effect on the correction of talonavicular abduction or dorsiflexion but did influence coronal plane motion and forefoot loading mechanics. Also, overcorrecting the abduction deformity was predictive of increased lateral plantar pressures.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad2be3b8fe6345a18236c4e0989dd098", "input": "Question: Are iGF2 expression and \u03b2-catenin levels increased in Frozen Shoulder Syndrome?\nAnswer: As in Dupuytren's disease, \u03b2-catenin levels and IGF2 expression are elevated in Frozen Shoulder Syndrome. These findings support the hypothesis that these connective tissue fibroses share a common pathophysiology.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b5f5ee9912fa429683ee20f55f38eeda", "input": "Question: Does comparative genomics of 274 Vibrio cholerae genomes reveal mobile functions structuring three niche dimensions?\nAnswer: Our analysis revealed that genomic variations, in particular mobile functions including phages, prophages, transposable elements, and plasmids underlie the metadata structuring in each of the three niche dimensions. This underscores the role of phages and mobile elements as the most rapidly evolving elements in bacterial genomes, creating local endemicity (space), leading to temporal divergence (time), and allowing the invasion of new habitats. Together, we take a data-driven approach for comparative functional genomics that exploits high-volume genome sequencing and annotation, in conjunction with novel statistical and machine learning analyses to identify connections between genotype and phenotype on a genome-wide scale.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c7fbe5cf1a549d5bfa35c37d194c967", "input": "Question: Does caffeine modify blood glucose availability during prolonged low-intensity exercise in individuals with type-2 diabetes?\nAnswer: Supplementation with 1.5 mg/kg of caffeine reduces BG concentration during prolonged exercise in T2DM patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dffedae4158b41d09250c8bac944f297", "input": "Question: Is decrease in daytime sleeping associated with improvement in cognition after hospital discharge in older adults?\nAnswer: Older adults whose daytime sleeping decreased after hospital discharge also experienced improvements in cognitive functioning at 6 month follow-up. As such, daytime sleep may represent a promising candidate for targeted interventions aimed at promoting cognitive recovery after hospital discharge.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e3477b4a46cf4224ba0adcc504a23c93", "input": "Question: Does co-Administration of Metformin and N-Acetyl Cysteine fail to Improve Clinical Manifestations in PCOS Individual Undergoing ICSI?\nAnswer: CONSIDERING THE ADVERSE EFFECT OF COMBINATION THERAPY, WE PROPOSED THE CONADMINISTRATION MIGHT HAVE NO BENEFICIAL EFFECT FOR PCOS PATIENT DURING COURSE OF OVULATION INDUCTION OF ICSI (REGISTRATION NUMBER: IRCT201204159476N1).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-70be4e96215140618098ba17ed5a8ed1", "input": "Question: Is bone mineral content in patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy unaffected by metreleptin replacement therapy?\nAnswer: In contrast to rodent models, CGL patients have increased BMC in the leptin-deficient state, which does not change with leptin replacement. The high BMC in these patients is partially explained by high lean mass and tall stature.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4aadb76673a84787a319c158022a2423", "input": "Question: Is p16 ( INK4a ) overexpression linked to oncogenic human papillomaviruses in patients with high-grade urothelial cancer cells?\nAnswer: Our study shows a low prevalence of hr-HPVs in the urine of patients with high-grade urothelial malignancy. In those, p16(INK4a) overexpression occurs in the absence of demonstrable HPV DNA in the tissue sections, contrary to what is noted in gynecopathology.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-80635a7d745b4e5c9c0589a3f44de445", "input": "Question: Does the PROMIS physical function correlate with the QuickDASH in patients with upper extremity illness?\nAnswer: The PROMIS Physical Function instrument may be used as an upper extremity disability measure, as it correlates with the QuickDASH questionnaire, and both instruments are influenced most strongly by the degree to which pain interferes with achieving goals.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-753416060d9f477b96f6088812822335", "input": "Question: Does multidisciplinary care improve amputation-free survival in patients with chronic critical limb ischemia?\nAnswer: MDC pathways for the management of a population of CLI patients improved AFS by greater than twofold and should be the standard of care for the CLI population. Baseline nonambulatory status and unrevascularized patients also predict worse AFS. Wound healing remains prolonged regardless of preoperative or postoperative wound care. Future study is required to evaluate the costs and functional outcomes for MDC in the management of CLI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fad13af098234fc790bba7c913967d61", "input": "Question: Is unilateral hearing loss associated with a negative effect on language scores in adolescents?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that UHL in adolescents is associated with a negative effect on standardized language scores and IQ. They also demonstrate that the developmental gap between children with UHL and children with NH does not resolve as the children progress into adolescence and may even widen as the children grow older. Therefore, these results strongly encourage implementation of early intervention for children with UHL to prevent speech-language delays. More studies in adolescents are warranted to evaluate educational outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-245dc0a0a46f40c599ce66f404c1a79a", "input": "Question: Is initiation of nutritional support delayed in critically ill obese patients : a multicenter cohort study?\nAnswer: The initiation of nutritional support was delayed in obese ICU patients. Randomized controlled trials that address consequences of early compared with delayed beginnings of nutritional support in critically ill obese patients are needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-18550ac258644428ad03f0429c012227", "input": "Question: Does [ Gambogenic acid induce mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma cell line ]?\nAnswer: GNA induces mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and increases P53 expression in human gastric carcinoma cell line.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-76a6d1474efc4ac88c9518d52153a543", "input": "Question: Is cigarette smoking associated with a reduction in the risk of incident gout : results from the Framingham Heart Study original cohort?\nAnswer: Cigarette smoking is associated with lower incidence of gout and this is not explained by differences in the prevalence of risk factors. The mechanistic underpinnings of this epidemiological finding merits further study.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-03ae1bc11fc649309be4039752647d41", "input": "Question: Does relative influence of genetics and shared environment on child mental health symptoms depend on comorbidity?\nAnswer: We conclude that symptom classes are largely similar across sexes in middle childhood. Heritability was moderate for all classes, but shared environment played a greater role for classes in which no one type of symptom predominated.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d6ead63994f4f57a5edfc9f6e715156", "input": "Question: Are prepregnancy body mass index and prenatal fasting glucose effective predictors of early postpartum metabolic syndrome in Spanish mothers with gestational diabetes?\nAnswer: Women having GDM are at threat of early postpartum metabolic syndrome. This risk can be easily identified by assessing prepregnancy BMI and antenatal fasting glycemia in the first pregnancy visit.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b14ef36e113b4f2fa80c8e7f400e31ff", "input": "Question: Does glutamine depletion by crisantaspase hinder the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts?\nAnswer: The combination of Crisantaspase and MSO reduces glutamine supply to CTNNB1-mutated HCC xenografts and hinders their growth.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a701bb9eaf24d6f8e50e6fe0c9097f9", "input": "Question: Is high expression of GTPase regulator associated with the focal adhesion kinase ( GRAF ) a favorable prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia?\nAnswer: We provide evidence that high GRAF expression is a favorable prognostic marker in patients with AML.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-18218d7fdaf44ffb8498d06636c3660a", "input": "Question: Does progression rates and sample size estimate for PPMS based on the CLIMB study population?\nAnswer: Our modern PPMS cohort is demographically similar to previously studied cohorts. PPMS is associated with faster disability accrual than ROMS. Current real-world observations of time to sustained progression will inform design of new clinical trials for PPMS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fb3f87aa70b04bfeacb3b518a46522ed", "input": "Question: Does microelectronic wear-time documentation of removable orthodontic devices detect heterogeneous wear behavior and individualizes treatment planning?\nAnswer: Both the duration of daily wear time and the wear behavior need to be considered to individualize the prescription for wear time; this is made possible with microelectronic wear-time documentation. Individual prescription changes based on the wear-time documentation can be arranged with patients in a shared decision-making process to achieve effective and successful treatment progress.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d89ea2071474c9593cfdfbf0edb6bc2", "input": "Question: Does protease-mediated human smooth muscle cell proliferation by urokinase require epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation by triple membrane signaling?\nAnswer: In human coronary VSMC, uPA induces uPAR-independent, domain-dependent smooth muscle cell proliferation through transactivation of EGFR by a plasmin-mediated, ADAM-induced, and HB-EGF-dependent process, which is mediated by the intracellular pathways involving G\u03b1i, G\u03b2\u03b3, src, and NAD(P)H oxidase.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-de0458ca7916410bad0b988b0bf6611d", "input": "Question: Does evaluation and comparison of high-level microwave oven disinfection with chemical disinfection of dental gypsum cast?\nAnswer: Within the limitation of this in vitro study, it was found that microwave disinfection of casts for 5 min at 900 W gives high-level disinfection that complies with the current infection control guidelines for the dental laboratory and microwave disinfection method is an effective and validated method as chemical disinfection. How to cite the article: Meghashri K, Kumar P, Prasad DK, Hegde R. Evaluation and comparison of high-level microwave oven disinfection with chemical disinfection of dental gypsum casts. J Int Oral Health 2014;6(3):56-60 .", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee22b11088b34bae992961c702adf09d", "input": "Question: Do neural crest stem cells from hair follicles and boundary cap have different effects on pancreatic islets in vitro?\nAnswer: These observations indicate that HF-NCSCs do not confer the same positive effect on \u03b2-cells as demonstrated for bNCSCs. Furthermore, these data suggest that induction of cadherin expression by HF-NCSCs may be useful for their ability to support \u03b2-cells in coculture and after transplantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9d13c2292cbf465ba29099b1c9b465df", "input": "Question: Is exclusive breastfeeding duration during the first 6 months of life positively associated with length-for-age among infants 6-12 months old , in Mangochi district , Malawi?\nAnswer: EBF in the first 6 months of life was associated with increased linear growth, but not weight gain, in later infancy. Promotion of EBF could reduce the prevalence of chronic child undernutrition in the study area.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-42b9fe3c06894755980c8c9a2695ea34", "input": "Question: Does the transcription factor Ap-1 regulate monkey 20\u03b1-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase promoter activity in CHO cells?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that the Ap-1 site (-281 \u2192\u2009-274) (5'-TGTCTCAT-3') plays a crucial role in the activation of the monkey 20\u03b1-HSD gene. Thus, we demonstrated that monkey 20\u03b1-HSD promoter activity is regulated by the transcription factor Ap-1 in CHO-K1 cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a1cfdad8a73840fdbe4053ecf211e0bd", "input": "Question: Are anxiety Disorders Associated with Reduced Heart Rate Variability : A Meta-Analysis?\nAnswer: Anxiety disorders are associated with reduced HRV, findings associated with a small-to-moderate effect size. Findings have important implications for future physical health and well-being of patients, highlighting a need for comprehensive cardiovascular risk reduction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b8fad46833c42199894c7d4f184af2b", "input": "Question: Do early results of a new rotating hinge knee implant?\nAnswer: Our study shows excellent clinical results of the EnduRo TKA. Furthermore, no premature material failure or unusual biological response to the new bearing material could be detected.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e7e45747c6d4449abfbbfe0ff17a752b", "input": "Question: Does [ Essential oil from Artemisia lavandulaefolia induce apoptosis and necrosis of HeLa cells ]?\nAnswer: Essential oil from Artemisia lavadulaefolia can inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cells in vitro. Low concentration of essential oil from Artemisia lavadulaefolia can induce apoptosis, whereas high concentration of the compounds result in necrosis of HeLa cells. And,the mechanism may be related to the caspase-3-mediated-PARP apoptotic signal pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5fc35d2816c44fd294b9fb8a43e2881d", "input": "Question: Does targeted antiosteosarcoma methotrexate-bisphosphonate conjugate induce apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells in vitro?\nAnswer: A targeted antiosteosarcoma methotrexate-bisphosphonate conjugate induces apoptosis in human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. This new conjugate is a valuable experimental tool for the therapy of osteosarcoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea9aa9699dd24d9bab34c860e36e3709", "input": "Question: Does activation of microbubbles by low-level therapeutic ultrasound enhance the antitumor effects of doxorubicin?\nAnswer: MB-US could increase the susceptibility of tumours to antineoplastic drugs, suggesting a potential clinical method for US-mediated tumour chemotherapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-624747f7aab74091a3b88e0146bda7cb", "input": "Question: Do dPP4 inhibitors increase differentially the expression of surfactant proteins in Fischer 344 rats?\nAnswer: DPP4 inhibition influence differently the expression of surfactant proteins in healthy rats and may be suitable to elevate surfactant synthesis in different diseases accompanied with surfactant deficiencies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f8da258aac144371839bbb0d0903b8c8", "input": "Question: Is desert dust a risk factor for the incidence of acute myocardial infarction in Western Japan?\nAnswer: These data suggest that exposure to AD a few days before symptom onset is associated with the incidence of AMI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad0a9dae85b44c51b5f42fc17dd2dde6", "input": "Question: Is photodynamic Therapy with 5 % \u03b4-Aminolevulinic Acid Safe and Effective Treatment of Acne Vulgaris in Japanese Patients?\nAnswer: Our protocol was effective for acne in Japanese and did not exhibit severe side effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-df4640b932aa4dc09fa7251864029f10", "input": "Question: Is [ `` Second look '' after laparoscopic myomectomy -- that a prevention of postoperative adhesions ]?\nAnswer: The factors, responsible for the formation of postoperative adhesions are: the location of the myoma in the posterior uterine wall, excessive accumulation of suturing materials and additional operative interventions. For patients underwent LM and willing pregnancy we recommend second look laparoscopy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-458aefce580d4fdaa30a2ef0d954bab5", "input": "Question: Do evaluation of triple antibiotic paste removal by different irrigation procedures?\nAnswer: Current irrigation techniques do not effectively remove TAP from root canal systems, possibly because of its penetration and binding into dentin. However, calcium hydroxide is effectively removed with significant less residual presence.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6235e815c87843929876832c4d855f2a", "input": "Question: Does equisetum arvense ( common horsetail ) modulate the function of inflammatory immunocompetent cells?\nAnswer: The data indicate that the used extract of Equisetum arvense interferes with the polyfunctionality of immunocompetent cells thereby providing an anti-inflammatory mode-of-action.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9eea0e03d41f44e6a8d3ce197613a65b", "input": "Question: Does remote ischemic postconditioning protect against gastric mucosal lesions in rats?\nAnswer: RIP provides effective functional protection and prevents cell injury to gastric tissue induced by limb IR via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b68f498e7cd947bfa9407116b1559ff4", "input": "Question: Is increased risk of radiographic emphysema in HIV associated with elevated soluble CD14 and nadir CD4?\nAnswer: HIV is an independent risk factor for radiographic emphysema. Emphysema severity was significantly greater among participants with HIV infection. Among those with HIV, nadir CD4 < 200 cells/\u03bcL and elevated soluble CD14 level were associated with emphysema, highlighting potential mechanisms linking HIV with emphysema.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5d1932983b74edcb7bfee94a33bd057", "input": "Question: Does prevalence and correlate of unmet supportive care needs in patients with resected invasive cutaneous melanoma?\nAnswer: Around a quarter of melanoma patients may have unmet support needs in the mid to long term after primary treatment. In particular, patients who are younger, less educated, distressed or socially isolated could benefit from more support.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-05e6747013b140d28e6d84f25c1d36e1", "input": "Question: Does dosimetric Inhomogeneity predict for Long-Term Breast Pain After Breast-Conserving Therapy?\nAnswer: Long-term breast pain was common after BCT. Although nearly half of patients had pain, most considered it tolerable. Dosimetric inhomogeneity independently predicted for pain and should be minimized to the greatest extent possible.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-67a7d009869f4733901752fccc694afb", "input": "Question: Does short-term venous stasis induce fibrinolytic activation but not thrombin formation?\nAnswer: We conclude that short-term venous stasis induces a profibrinolytic response due to the activation of endothelial cells, but not a prothrombotic response, even in the presence of additional thrombophilic risk factors. Furthermore, our results support the hypothesis that the stasis-induced profibrinolytic activation of endothelial cells occurs independently from thrombin formation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09d0910437884144ac344b280c5c0dad", "input": "Question: Is carotid artery stenosis exacerbated in spontaneously obese model rats with diabetes?\nAnswer: The OLETF rats were obese, and diabetes worsened the degree of carotid artery stenosis. These results indicate the possibility of new therapies for carotid artery stenosis in obese and diabetic patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b554cd4eb494a18a5a4a4281238856c", "input": "Question: Do silent polymorphisms in the RYR1 gene modify the phenotype of the p.4898 I > T pathogenic mutation in central core disease : a case report?\nAnswer: Considering that patient's relatives showed no pathologic phenotype, and the phenotype presented by the patient is within the range observed in other central core disease patients with the same mutation, it was concluded that the c.14256 A >\u2009C polymorphism alone is not responsible for disease, and the associated additional silent polymorphisms are not acting as modifiers of the primary pathogenic mutation in the affected patient. The case described above illustrates the present reality where new methods for wide genome screening are becoming more accessible and able to identify a great variety of mutations and polymorphisms of unknown function in patients and their families.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-03834af1b3194349887c11ff7817e943", "input": "Question: Are flavones from Erythrina falcata modulators of fear memory?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that vitexin, isovitexin and diosmetin-6-C-glucoside and flavonoidic fractions resulted in a significant retention of fear memory but did not prevent the extinction of fear memory. These results further substantiate that the treatment with pure flavonoids or flavanoid-rich fractions might represent potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of neurocognitive disorders, improvement of memory acquisition and spontaneous recovery of fear.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca7ecdd13e3f4556aed1148bd9cfd37d", "input": "Question: Is wee1 a novel independent prognostic marker of poor survival in post-chemotherapy ovarian carcinoma effusions?\nAnswer: Wee1 is frequently expressed in ovarian serous carcinoma effusions, and its expression is significantly higher following exposure to chemotherapy. The present study is the first to report that Wee1 is an independent prognostic marker in serous ovarian carcinoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-870e302e1acb4faeb78ddb1b19112bb8", "input": "Question: Does carvacrol alleviate ischemia reperfusion injury by regulating the PI3K-Akt pathway in rats?\nAnswer: The results suggest that carvacrol could alleviate I/R-induced liver injury by its anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic activities, and warrant a further investigation for using carvacrol to protect I/R injury in clinic.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d57e08ebe1e24b5f87b85dddbab2a494", "input": "Question: Does chikungunya virus exploit miR-146a to regulate NF-\u03baB pathway in human synovial fibroblasts?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated the mechanism of exploitation of cellular miR-146a by CHIKV in modulating the host antiviral immune response in primary human synovial fibroblasts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-63bcf2073586426bb4f13a6c05a35036", "input": "Question: Do functional crosstalk between the mitochondrial PTP and KATP channels determine arrhythmic vulnerability to oxidative stress?\nAnswer: Cardioprotection by CsA requires mKATP channel activation through a PKC-dependent pathway. Increasing mKATP activity during CsA administration is required for limiting OS-induced electrical dysfunction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff071f892c4148c4af2a0cd149a4b44e", "input": "Question: Are proliferation and differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ( ASCs ) into osteoblastic lineage passage dependent?\nAnswer: Osteogenic potential of ASCs is impaired by successive passaging and may not serve as a useful clinical source of osteogenic ASCs past P2.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a25a9dc7ad974d69ab5d448ceba95b2c", "input": "Question: Is serotonin 5-HT7 receptor critically involved in acute and chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract?\nAnswer: The 5-HT7R expressed on CD11c/CD86-positive myeloid cells modulates the severity of intestinal inflammation in an acute and chronic colitis and thus represents a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory disorders such as CD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-936cace85d5f487eae9029bee788e999", "input": "Question: Does integration of proteomic and transcriptomic profiles identify a novel PDGF-MYC network in human smooth muscle cells?\nAnswer: These findings provide the first systems-level analysis of the PDGF-regulated transcriptome and proteome in normal smooth muscle cells. The analyses revealed an extensive cohort of PDGF-dependent biological processes and connected key transcriptional effectors to their regulation, significantly expanding current knowledge of PDGF-stimulated signaling cascades. These observations also implicate MYC as a novel target for pharmacological intervention in fibroproliferative expansion of smooth muscle, and potentially in cancers in which PDGFR-dependent signaling or MYC activation promote tumor progression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-953fb14fccec4d5a92231ca31dfbaf58", "input": "Question: Is optimal dairy intake predicated on total , cardiovascular , and stroke mortalities in a Taiwanese cohort?\nAnswer: In a Chinese food culture, a dairy foods intake in adults up to 7 times a week does not increase mortality and may have favorable effects on stroke.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8407cf188e3640f9b257e4a38f516f51", "input": "Question: Does intraoperative 3-D imaging improve sentinel lymph node biopsy in oral cancer?\nAnswer: FhSPECT is a feasible technology that allows the accurate identification of SLNs in oral cancer. FhSPECT overcomes the shine-through phenomenon, one of the most important limitations of SLNB, thereby confirming the importance of SLNB in patients with cN0 oral cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3403dc6ee48a4042be7ad100178bdda9", "input": "Question: Is robot-assisted gait training superior to balance training for improving postural instability in patients with mild to moderate Parkinson 's disease : a single-blind randomized controlled trial?\nAnswer: Our findings indicate that robotic gait training is not superior to balance training for improving postural instability in patients with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-08b2cde010914a1bb07080f43ad2cea1", "input": "Question: Is obstacle crossing with dual tasking a danger for individuals with Alzheimer 's disease and for healthy older people?\nAnswer: The behavior of the healthy elderly subjects and individuals with AD was similar for obstacle crossing during walking with dual tasking. Both groups used the \"posture first\" strategy to prioritize stability and showed decreased attention to executive tasking while walking. Additionally, AD had a strong influence on the modifications that are made by the elderly while walking under different walking conditions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-425f9f9503a6416d82efaa4efd1eae1b", "input": "Question: Does telecytopathology for on-site adequacy evaluation decrease the nondiagnostic rate in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of pancreatic lesions?\nAnswer: Telecytopathology on-site evaluation of EUS-FNA of pancreatic lesions reduces the nondiagnostic rate, especially in lesions with solid characteristics, and may serve as an effective substitute for on-site evaluation by a cytopathologist.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f4e222a36eb045c3a371c026c3f60883", "input": "Question: Is seasonal variation of serum KL-6 concentrations greater in patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis?\nAnswer: HP should be considered in ILD with greater seasonal changes in serum KL-6 concentrations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-01a3ecb2592a4b7390cd478924a42a16", "input": "Question: Does automated auditory mismatch negativity paradigm improve coma prognostic accuracy after cardiac arrest and therapeutic hypothermia?\nAnswer: This automated ADP significantly improves early coma prognostic accuracy after cardiac arrest and therapeutic hypothermia. The progression of auditory discrimination is strongly predictive of favorable recovery and appears complementary to existing prognosticators of poor outcome. Before routine implementation, validation on larger cohorts is warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-88576a1828d145f6990a640379493dee", "input": "Question: Does data-driven modeling of sleep EEG and EOG reveal characteristics indicative of pre-Parkinson 's and Parkinson 's disease?\nAnswer: The topics showed visual accordance with the manually scored sleep stages, and the features revealed sleep characteristics containing information indicative of neurodegeneration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7844e575b67c4866bc860f5e129a4840", "input": "Question: Do pre-plan parameters predict post-implant D90 \u2265 140 Gy for ( 125 ) I permanent prostate implants?\nAnswer: Higher occupancy proportion and larger margins anteriorly and reduced occupancy proportion, and smaller margins posteriorly on PPI pre-plans predict post-implant D90 \u2265 140 Gy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1588d1a718a0464e9b77a51f3d351b60", "input": "Question: Does proteome analysis reveal roles of L-DOPA in response to oxidative stress in neurons?\nAnswer: Oxidative stress changes neuronal metabolic routes and affects cytoskeletal integrity. Further, L-DOPA appears to reverse some H2O2-mediated effects evident at both the proteome and cellular level.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5dff15d9b2824826b058b7f0f5b8a6dd", "input": "Question: Do morbidity of early spine surgery in the multiply injured patient?\nAnswer: The results indicate that published criteria defining a borderline unstable patient may have a role in predicting increased morbidity of early spine surgery. The perceived benefits of early intervention should be weighed against the greater risks of performing extensive spinal surgeries on multiply injured patients in the early post-injury period, especially in the setting of combat trauma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef1c154559a54317a71940ca54ed7c4e", "input": "Question: Does peroxiredoxin II negatively regulate lipopolysaccharide-induced osteoclast formation and bone loss via JNK and STAT3?\nAnswer: We suggest that PrxII could be useful in the development of a novel target for inflammatory bone loss.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bee2cf0db97140749d500d9feff71440", "input": "Question: Is response to chemotherapy related to chromosome instability in synovial sarcoma?\nAnswer: The absence of significant association between response to chemotherapy and genomic complexity suggests that the prognostic value of chromosome instability in SS is independent of response to chemotherapy; mechanisms leading to metastatic relapse of SS are intrinsic to the biology of the tumor and current cytotoxic drugs are only poorly efficient to prevent it.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bab872087e144d249a34a5e279916147", "input": "Question: Do the relationship between labour market categories and alcohol use trajectories in midlife?\nAnswer: Being employed is a strong determinant of alcohol use for men and women in midlife, making the workplace a good target for health promotion programmes and policies aimed at reducing alcohol use. Caution is needed when interpreting the health effects of alcohol consumption as low alcohol users may have previously been heavy drinkers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f695ce040dc4ba1bd12d4678109bca5", "input": "Question: Does proteomics reveal potential non-neuronal cholinergic receptor-effectors in endothelial cells?\nAnswer: A set of proteins differentially expressed in endothelial cells in response to cholinergic agonists may have important implications for the downstream biological effects of NNAS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eb46fa17c5eb4b2d875a048ac1fb8fd5", "input": "Question: Are school hygiene and deworming key protective factors for reduced transmission of soil-transmitted helminths among schoolchildren in Honduras?\nAnswer: Poverty-reduction strategies will ultimately lead to sustainable control of STH infections in Honduras, but as shorter-term measures, uninterrupted bi-annual deworming treatment paired with improvements in school sanitary conditions may result in significant reductions of STH prevalence among Honduran schoolchildren.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-48607cfb7a9e436e9841859e25e7d470", "input": "Question: Does chilling acclimation provide immunity to stress by altering regulatory networks and inducing genes with protective functions in cassava?\nAnswer: Our study revealed, for the first time, the molecular basis of chilling acclimation, and showed potential regulation role of microRNA in chilling response and acclimation in Euphorbia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-49f4ff3e612a4be4a713366b2cd9a0a1", "input": "Question: Is aKAP9 a genetic modifier of congenital long-QT syndrome type 1?\nAnswer: AKAP9 has been identified as an LQTS-type 1-modifying gene. Variants investigated altered heart rate-corrected QT interval irrespective of mutation status, as well as cardiac event risk, and disease severity, in mutation carriers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed48af4a0bb5433b9961b4161359161f", "input": "Question: Does periodontitis in rats induce systemic oxidative stress that is controlled by bone-targeted antiresorptives?\nAnswer: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that the increased oxidative stress induced by periodontal infection in rats can be ameliorated by bone-targeted antiresorptives.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-018eb1baab3244c9a993e1a927372bb1", "input": "Question: Are fibular axes a reliable landmark for tibial mechanical axes of osteoarthritic knees that underwent total knee arthroplasty?\nAnswer: The angle between the tibial mechanical and fibular shaft axes differed among patients, independent of patient-specific factors, and did not appear to be a reliable intra-operative landmark. Surgeons should use values from individual pre-operative evaluations of the axis as reference for conventional TKA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-327eac9d14334df9b78e0704f7505b08", "input": "Question: Do adult mouse subventricular zones stimulate glioblastoma stem cells specific invasion through CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling?\nAnswer: Taken together, these data demonstrate the significant role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling in this original model of brain cancer invasion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-46096f24bab140db99b77ca03dddf46d", "input": "Question: Does chronic aerobic exercise improve blood pressure dipping status in African American nondippers?\nAnswer: This study suggests that the nondipping pattern of ambulatory BP can be improved by chronic AEXT in African American nondippers, regardless of a change in the 24-h average BP. This finding may be clinically important because of the target organ implication of nondipping nocturnal BP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f537440b039849459685e255b380c69f", "input": "Question: Is transfemoral aortic valve implantation of Edwards SAPIEN XT without predilatation feasible?\nAnswer: TAVI without predilatation using the transfemoral Edwards SAPIEN XT valve is feasible and safe. Larger studies are required to further evaluate this approach.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-35612b1f1dbe45b2af4ad890657f901f", "input": "Question: Do human papillomavirus 16/18 E7 viral loads predict distant metastasis in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: Among OSCC patients, high HPV 16/18 E7 viral load identifies a small subgroup of patients at high-risk of 5-year DM and suggest the need for more intensive treatments and follow-up strategies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1804f721e25343dd820fc2fc5877aed3", "input": "Question: Are beneficial effects of soy supplementation on postmenopausal atherosclerosis dependent on pretreatment stage of plaque progression?\nAnswer: The results suggest that significant atheroprotective benefits of dietary soy are derived from treatment that begins premenopausally and continues postmenopausally or from treatment that is started during early postmenopause (when plaques are still small).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5b069fa28a154145ae57e87245dd1028", "input": "Question: Are variations in glomerular filtration rate associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: A mild decrease in renal function within normal limits of GFR is independently associated with the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis in a sample of apparently healthy young postmenopausal women. Assessment of GFR using creatinine (vs cystatin C) levels is a more sensitive marker of its association with IMT and atherosclerotic plaques in this postmenopausal population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1ebd1d428e95469f8737a770b4d189b9", "input": "Question: Does increasing angulation decrease measured aortic stent graft pullout forces?\nAnswer: This study reports for the first time the change in pullout force with angulation, showing a general pullout force decrease with increasing angle. With a larger number of samples than in previous studies, our results provide updated benchmark data that can be used for clinical discussions, computational and experimental studies, and future device design.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-307f83daaa1d4b0bbb6b13ead8af87e8", "input": "Question: Do myofibroblasts from salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinomas promote cancer invasion by expressing MMP2 and CXCL12?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated the presence of myofibroblasts in ACC. Myofibroblasts might be related to the aggressive growth behaviour of ACC, owing to their high levels of expression of MMP2 and CXCL12.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-61a0a8eeb8674e27a6bb2db8a8f78da8", "input": "Question: Is the macrophage activation marker sCD163 associated with changes in NAFLD and metabolic profile during lifestyle intervention in obese children?\nAnswer: sCD163 was associated with markers of liver injury and metabolic parameters in obese children, and changes in these parameters during lifestyle intervention. This may suggest that activated macrophages play a role in NAFLD and sCD163 may serve as a marker of liver disease severity and treatment effect.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e47f7d2d40d41709e512ee1c3d6688a", "input": "Question: Does vitamin D reverse aPL-induced inflammation and LMWH-induced sFlt-1 release by human trophoblast?\nAnswer: LMWH in combination with vitamin D may be more beneficial than single-agent therapy by preventing aPL-induced trophoblast inflammation and reversing LMWH-induced sFlt-1 secretion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2abb0650eea14906905bd9554e5487bc", "input": "Question: Does dkk-1-mediated inhibition of Wnt signaling in bone ameliorate osteoarthritis in mice?\nAnswer: Wnt activation in OA affects the whole joint, particularly bone. Selective inhibition of this pathway in bone by Dkk-1 decreased OA severity through VEGF inhibition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-943ae4e7b6864e07ba284e69a08ed3a3", "input": "Question: Is clinical Assessment of Fluid Balance Incomplete for Colorectal Surgical Patients?\nAnswer: The accordance between cumulated fluid balance and body weight change for colorectal surgical patients is relatively good for the first four postoperative days, however, with large uncertainty, whereas on the fifth and sixth postoperative day, the discrepancy is statistically and clinically significant. The fluid chart cannot stand alone in interpretation of the patient's fluid balance; body weight and clinical judgment is indispensable.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7689455e267f49b1b40632b520f0cc74", "input": "Question: Do increased insomnia symptoms predict the onset of back pain among employed adults?\nAnswer: Insomnia appears to be a risk factor in the development of back pain in healthy individuals. However, no evidence of reverse causation was found.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f1b647d156bf4b75ad8dca3babaedb6a", "input": "Question: Does diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging indicate the severity of acute pancreatitis?\nAnswer: DW-MRI was a compatible and safe image option to differentiate tissue image patterns in patients with mAP, nAP, and nP, mainly in those with contraindications to contrast-enhanced MRI (which is classically required for determining the presence of necrosis) or computed tomography. ADC measures allowed precise differentiation between patterns 1, 2, and 3.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-73c03726191a4c069754a54332ee1543", "input": "Question: Is callus formation related to the expression ratios of estrogen receptors-alpha and -beta in ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic fracture healing?\nAnswer: We conclude that the delayed healing rate and impaired callus quality in OVX-induced osteoporotic fracture is related to the delayed expression of ERs. A high ER-\u03b1:ER-\u03b2 ratio favors callus formation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8db1edf8df0f494fa0dd3395312455a9", "input": "Question: Do angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers suppress neointimal hyperplasia after stent implantation in carotid arteries of hypercholesterolemic rabbits?\nAnswer: This study suggested that systemic administration of an ARB suppressed neointimal hyperplasia in the carotid artery following stent implantation by the anti-inflammatory effects, although the animal cohort tested was rather small. This finding implies that ARBs may be useful and practical agents for protection against in-stent restenosis in humans, and warrants further basic and clinical studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-df265446f8a14c1bb3db53d3e4bcdf3c", "input": "Question: Does aberrant methylation of PCDH10 predict worse biochemical recurrence-free survival in patients with prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that PCDH10 methylation in prostate cancer tissue is an independent prognostic biomarker of worse BCR-free survival of patients with prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cd6213c947ff4988bdd665151f9bb010", "input": "Question: Does \u03ba-Opioid receptor mediate the antinociceptive effect of nitrous oxide in mice?\nAnswer: Our study suggests that N2O demonstrates its antinociceptive action and reduces sevoflurane MAC in mice through KOP activation, whereas its hypnotic potency is not dependent on KOP activation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f7c3aafe96b249f89c58a5dc2f24a8aa", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of notch signaling in combination with Paclitaxel reduce platinum-resistant ovarian tumor growth?\nAnswer: Inhibiting the Notch signaling cascade with a GSI reduces primary human xenograft growth in vivo. GSI synergized with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy only in the platinum-resistant OvCa models with single agent paclitaxel. These findings suggest inhibition of the Notch pathway in concert with taxane therapy may hold promise for treatment of platinum-resistant OvCa.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2b7945a8f88412f8c8e63645d83a430", "input": "Question: Does tannic acid label indicate abnormal cell development coinciding with regeneration of renal tubules?\nAnswer: The actual data show that development of abnormal cell features must be taken into account, when regeneration of renal tubules is simulated under in vitro conditions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-34712d496c32445681dfba7f7bdad87b", "input": "Question: Does endoplasmic reticulum stress activate the hepatic activator protein 1 complex via mitogen activated protein kinase-dependent signaling pathways?\nAnswer: ER stress activates the hepatic AP-1 complex via MAPK-dependent signaling pathways. ER stress-induced activation of Fos-related components is dependent primarily on ERK activation whereas ER stress-induced activation of Jun-related components is dependent primarily on JNK activation, although there is interplay between these regulatory pathways. These data implicate a novel signaling pathway by which sustained ER stress, as observed in many chronic liver diseases, may promote hepatic carcinogenesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9498cf49b308477e85543f2d003eb404", "input": "Question: Is iPS cell-derived cardiogenicity hindered by sustained integration of reprogramming transgenes?\nAnswer: A disproportionate stemness load, caused by integrated transgenes, affects the cardiogenic competency of iPS cells. Offload of transgenes in engineered iPS cells ensures integrity of cardiac developmental programs, underscoring the value of nonintegrative nuclear reprogramming for derivation of competent cardiogenic regenerative biologics.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e68f7c8bfcaf4f80890e34c4d120c099", "input": "Question: Does heme-iron utilization by Leptospira interrogans require a heme oxygenase and a plastidic-type ferredoxin-NADP ( + ) reductase?\nAnswer: Heme-iron scavenging by LepHO in L. interrogans requires only LepFNR as redox partner. Thus, we report a new substrate of ferredoxin-NADP(+) reductases different to ferredoxin and flavodoxin, the only recognized protein substrates of this flavoenzyme to date. The results presented here uncover a fundamental step of heme degradation in L. interrogans.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2a8255695c6f4c82974f67188e9d85e9", "input": "Question: Are n-palmitoylethanolamine and N-acetylethanolamine effective in asteatotic eczema : results of a randomized , double-blind , controlled study in 60 patients?\nAnswer: Compared with traditional emollients, regular application of a topical PEA/AEA emollient could improve both passive and active skin functions simultaneously.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f494c54c83fa41d2879c45327fcbfe08", "input": "Question: Is interferon regulatory factor ( IRF ) 3 critical for the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis?\nAnswer: These data show that IRF3 plays a crucial role in development of Th17 responses and EAE and warrants investigation in human multiple sclerosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-088cb822456b401aba5bccd9392070a7", "input": "Question: Does discovery-based protein expression profiling identify distinct subgroups and pathways in leiomyosarcomas?\nAnswer: These results suggest that UPS tumors share a similar lineage as leiomyosarcomas and are likely to originate from different stages of differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells to smooth muscle cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-074bebcb18e84bbc8aaebe217872e0e8", "input": "Question: Is downregulation of microRNAs 145-3p and 145-5p a long-term predictor of postmenopausal breast cancer risk : The ORDET prospective study?\nAnswer: These observations and the prospective design of our study lend support to the hypothesis that downregulation of specific miRNAs constitutes an early event in cancer development. This finding might be used for breast cancer prevention.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1ac4cc18166c46739c9ca6e72fd7b0a5", "input": "Question: Does presence of the full-length KIR2DS4 gene reduce the chance of rheumatoid arthritis patients to respond to methotrexate treatment?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that the response of RA patients with medium ESR values to MTX treatment may be dependent on the full-length KIR2DS4 gene.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d44d7029f13e43b0a337fd28e3ac1300", "input": "Question: Is childhood maltreatment associated with depression but not with hypochondriasis in later life?\nAnswer: The findings suggest a robust association of childhood maltreatment with depression but not with hypochondriasis. This result does not support etiological models of hypochondriasis which rely on childhood maltreatment as a risk factor for the development of this disorder.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e69b85ab6e64d31b3bf13fb5e3c9572", "input": "Question: Is religious involvement associated with greater purpose , optimism , generosity and gratitude in persons with major depression and chronic medical illness?\nAnswer: Although unrelated to depressive symptoms in the setting of major depression and chronic medical illness, higher religious involvement is associated with positive emotions, a finding which may influence the course of depression over time.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-53d8946d30014e48afa374f84ef1415c", "input": "Question: Do brain neuroplastic changes accompany anxiety and memory deficits in a model of complex regional pain syndrome?\nAnswer: The study findings provide novel observations regarding behavioral changes and brain plasticity in a mouse model of CRPS. In addition to elucidating some of the supraspinal correlates of the syndrome, this work supports the potential use of therapeutic interventions that not only directly target sensory input and other peripheral mechanisms, but also attempt to ameliorate the broader pain experience by modifying its associated cognitive and emotional comorbidities.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-71302ab59e2c4fb5b3527b02b1aab2bb", "input": "Question: Are insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 and 7 concentrations lower in obese pregnant women , women with gestational diabetes and their fetuses?\nAnswer: At the time of term cesarean section, pre-existing maternal obesity and GDM are associated with lower IGFBP levels in maternal and cord plasma. Alterations in circulating IGF and IGFBPs may alter birthweight and/or neonatal adiposity. This may lead to alterations in optimal growth trajectory and lead to metabolic disorders later in life.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e9a6452962d4655b75f6ef6f1948448", "input": "Question: Does increased expression of prostasin contribute to early-onset severe preeclampsia through inhibiting trophoblast invasion?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that prostasin may suppress the invasion process in preeclampsia by attenuating MMP2 and MMP9 secretion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c022c57d96ba40ce8063ad0ff38f5517", "input": "Question: Is antitumor necrosis factor \u03b1 more effective than conventional medical therapy for the prevention of postoperative recurrence of Crohn 's disease : a meta-analysis?\nAnswer: Anti-TNF\u03b1 therapy is more effective at preventing clinical, endoscopic, and histologic recurrence of CD beyond 1 year from time of surgery compared with conventional therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-de3ee550ce4e41009f6645dc29fcfe77", "input": "Question: Is higher free serum cortisol associated with worse survival in acute variceal bleeding because of cirrhosis : a prospective study?\nAnswer: Higher FC is present in cirrhosis with AVB compared with CC and is associated independently with bleeding-related mortality. However, whether high FC solely indicates the severity of illness or whether there is significant adrenal insufficiency cannot be discerned.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6eebe3bc160b4fb99e542ff41ae3f6e1", "input": "Question: Is early-onset Crohn 's disease a risk factor for smaller final height?\nAnswer: Prepubertal onset of CD is a risk for lower final height, independent of the initial disease location and the necessity for surgical interventions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6c50ae70294248cab790ad491e9ea01a", "input": "Question: Does inflammation-induced chemokine expression in uveal melanoma cell lines stimulate monocyte chemotaxis?\nAnswer: Cytokines derived from activated T cells shifted the UM cell transcriptome toward a more inflammatory state, including upregulation of several chemokines, which led to an increased migration of monocytes. Therefore, UM cells might actively participate in generating a tumor-promoting inflammatory microenvironment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-98320088c87b48dd84df979afb91274f", "input": "Question: Do transplanted skin-derived precursor stem cells generate enteric ganglion-like structures in vivo?\nAnswer: SKPs are capable of engraftment, migration, and differentiation within aganglionic rodent intestine in vivo. Differentiated SKPs generate structures that resemble enteric ganglia. Our observations suggest that SKPs represent a potential gangliogenic therapeutic agent for Hirschsprung's disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eef15760551b4459a4eef545e01d0509", "input": "Question: Do evaluation of efficacy of intra-nasal lidocaine for headache relief in patients refer to emergency department?\nAnswer: Intranasal lidocaine is an efficient method for pain reduction in patients with headache. Regarding easy administration and little side effects, we recommend this method in patients referred to emergency department (ED) with headache.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-312ed5fad13e4506914b5962d227e418", "input": "Question: Is gleason underestimation predicted by prostate biopsy core length?\nAnswer: While core length on trans-rectal biopsy independently affects Gleason upgrading on RP specimens, performer experience has minor impact on Gleason discordance or biopsy positivity due to a sharp learning curve.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b8fb474e22d46139dc2200bc88f306e", "input": "Question: Does pTEN loss in biopsy tissue predict poor clinical outcomes in prostate cancer?\nAnswer: PTEN loss at the time of biopsy seems to predict time to development of metastasis, prostate cancer-specific mortality and, for the first time, castration-resistant prostate cancer and response to androgen deprivation therapy after radical prostatectomy. If confirmed by larger studies, this would support the use of PTEN loss as an early marker of aggressive prostate cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-75282d89030e4bd9adf281e0c8ab5d16", "input": "Question: Do effect of embedded dexamethasone in cochlear implant array on insertion forces in an artificial model of scala tympani?\nAnswer: Incorporation of DXM in silicone for cochlear implant design does not change electrode array insertion forces. It does not raise the risk of trauma during array insertion, making it suitable for long-term in situ administration to the cochlea.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd3882a678454b60b9e6200947c050b2", "input": "Question: Is decline in functional capacity unaffected by diet quality alone or in combination with physical activity among generally healthy older adults with T2D from the NuAge cohort?\nAnswer: The absence of effect may be explained by characteristics of this healthy sample of OA with T2D who showed relatively good adherence to dietary recommendations (mean C-HEI=70) and were highly functional shown by minimal, clinically non-significant FC decline over 3 years. More research is needed to confirm the role of DQ in preventing FC decline in a larger diabetic sample showing clinically significant FC decline.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0dbadbb477374572ab55a7fb2b021d07", "input": "Question: Is platelet profile associated with clinical complications in patients with vivax and falciparum malaria in Colombia?\nAnswer: Young age, longer duration of illness and higher parasitemia are associated with severe thrombocytopenia. Our study showed that thrombocytopenia is related to malaria complications, especially liver dysfunction. High PDW in patients with severe malaria may explain the mechanisms of thrombocytopenia that is common in this group of patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-af37770ab6824a9b958574e47c677fcc", "input": "Question: Does resident experience increase diagnostic rate of thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsies?\nAnswer: ND thyroid FNA rates progressively decrease with training level, suggesting that early and continued participation in procedures throughout residency improves outcomes. This is particularly true for residents without prior surgical training or subsequent interventional radiology fellowship.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-69c7a6378f0e4cd49ccff1fe5bd815cf", "input": "Question: Is cardiovascular variability similarly altered in coronary patients with normal left ventricular function and in heart failure patients?\nAnswer: Our study shows that in coronary patients with no MI and no left ventricular dysfunction, there is a profound alteration of both HR and BP variability as in CHF patients, presumably because of a marked impairment of the autonomic modulation of the heart and blood vessels.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-14a22fc67fdb46749cd4341d7d6fe65e", "input": "Question: Do advanced glycation end products increase expression of S100A8 and A9 via RAGE-MAPK in rat dental pulp cells?\nAnswer: Advanced glycation end products increased mRNA expression of S100A8, S100A9, and IL-1\u03b2 under diabetic pulp conditions, and AGE-induced increases in S100A8 and S100A9 expressions may be associated with the RAGE-MAPK signaling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-03a14525283040acba30844518c2876c", "input": "Question: Does zoledronic acid improve clinical outcomes in patients with bone metastatic hormone-na\u00efve prostate cancer in a multicenter clinical trial?\nAnswer: ZOL given with CAB as initial treatment delays the time-to-PSA failure in patients with hormone-naive bone metastatic prostate cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1246c10befdc4c4b942f60cf61e9fabc", "input": "Question: Does high levels of coach intent to integrate a ACL injury prevention program into training translate to effective implementation?\nAnswer: Coaching workshops can effectively increase coach attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and intent to implement a injury prevention program. However, high levels of behavioral determinants do not appear to translate to high levels of implementation compliance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-68c31bba94c3448aa9b73d19db38c64a", "input": "Question: Do unilateral cochlear implant use promotes normal-like loudness perception in adolescents with childhood deafness?\nAnswer: We confirmed that the ESR threshold is a good measure of comfortably loud levels in adolescents with cochlear implants and their normal-hearing peers. Adolescents using CIs show normal-like rates of loudness growth on average, despite having highly variable dynamic ranges of hearing. Individual rates of loudness growth in the upper dynamic range in CI users can be predicted by the rate of amplitude growth of the ECAP. Thus, the rate of neural recruitment with increasing CI current is important for loudness perception in pre/perilingually deaf listeners and should be considered when programming their CIs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9772f3553a124559ac7e0eba34af3c1a", "input": "Question: Does behavioral and neural discrimination of speech sound after moderate or intense noise exposure in rats?\nAnswer: These results suggest that rats are able to adjust to the neural changes after moderate NE and discriminate speech sounds, but they are not able to recover behavioral abilities after intense NE. Animal models could help clarify the adaptive and pathological neural changes that contribute to speech processing in hearing-impaired populations and could be used to test potential behavioral and pharmacological therapies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5bc2d621e80424496e82e44a39c0170", "input": "Question: Does 1,8-Cineole ameliorate oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced ischaemic injury by reducing oxidative stress in rat cortical neuron/glia?\nAnswer: Collectively, these results suggest 1,8-cineole as a potentially effective neuroprotective and anti-oxidative candidate for the treatment of patients with ischaemic stroke.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0536eec33c4740cd9049ae19c05d307a", "input": "Question: Are high-resolution anorectal manometry and dynamic pelvic magnetic resonance imaging complementary technologies?\nAnswer: We were unable to find a correlation between HR-ARM findings and structural pelvic defects on DP-MRI. Therefore, these two technologies provide complementary information in the evaluation of defecatory dysfunction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-13723dc2dbf444789a384a3671ba28b9", "input": "Question: Is fourfold increased detection of Lynch syndrome by raising age limit for tumour genetic testing from 50 to 70 years cost-effective?\nAnswer: Testing all CRC tumours diagnosed at or below age 70 for LS is cost-effective. Implementation is important as relatives from the large number of LS patients that are missed by current practice, can benefit from life-saving surveillance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5db27aecaad4c96a30c6e0f2a37d09f", "input": "Question: Are concerns about covert HIV testing associated with delayed presentation of suspected malaria in Ethiopian children : a cross-sectional study?\nAnswer: Children whose guardians believed that covert testing for HIV was routine clinical practice presented later for investigation of suspected malaria. This may account for up to 14% of the delay in presentation and represents a reversible risk factor for suboptimal management of malaria.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b38ea80d7da047558c7538e499c8e9f5", "input": "Question: Do vascular patterns in mature hypertrophic burn scars treated with fractional CO2 laser?\nAnswer: Mature hypertrophic burn scars treated with a fractional CO2 laser showed a statistically significant increase in vascular density in the superficial dermis. A non-statistical decrease in clinically perceived erythema and improvement of overall appearance was seen. To our knowledge, this is the first report of increased vascular density in burn scars treated with fractional CO2 laser and suggests our prior assumptions on causes of erythema in mature hypertrophic scars may need to be challenged.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5fbb3fe1e394f19ab2708a088797943", "input": "Question: Does a promoter mutation in the haemagglutinin segment of influenza A virus generate an effective candidate live attenuated vaccine?\nAnswer: We demonstrate that NIBRG-93 is an effective live attenuated vaccine virus protecting mice against lethal challenge and reducing virus shedding.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa395bfa43854777a63cf2eb8ec25dfe", "input": "Question: Does in a safety net population HPV4 vaccine adherence worsen as BMI increases?\nAnswer: Obesity, as well as gravidity and Hispanic race, are risk factors for lack of HPV4 vaccine adherence among young females in a safety net population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d9c52e134374e23ba4219fe0108c646", "input": "Question: Does a SNP in intron 8 of CD46 cause a novel transcript associated with mastitis in Holsteins?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that the CD46 gene likely plays a critical role in the risk of mastitis caused by Streptococcus in dairy cows via an alternative splicing mechanism caused by a functional mutation in intron 8. Our data also underline the importance of variation within ESEs in regulating transcript processing.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f7a09170611a4059bfa6a95547746dd9", "input": "Question: Does residual disease predict outcomes after definitive resection for incidental gallbladder cancer?\nAnswer: Survival in patients with RD at local or regional sites was not significantly different than that seen in stage IV disease, with neither subgroup clearly benefiting from reoperation. Outcomes were poor in all patients with RD, regardless of location.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b90c1c8732f437da979e8af57f92163", "input": "Question: Does fasting induce IL-1 Resistance and Free-Fatty Acid-Mediated Up-Regulation of IL-1R2 and IL-1RA?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that fasting augments expression of endogenous IL-1 antagonists inducing IL-1 resistance. Fasting-induced increases in plasma FFAs appears to be a signal that drives immunosuppression during fasting/short term starvation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-feba9451a64f4e009bdfc38071825e54", "input": "Question: Do aurkA inhibitors enhance the effects of B-RAF and MEK inhibitors in melanoma treatment?\nAnswer: These findings provide new prospects for melanoma research, including combined B-RAF/AurkA inhibition for B-RAF mutated melanomas and MEK/AurkA inhibitor combination for patients without B-RAF mutations. Moreover, for the first time, we have shown that a B-RAF, MEK and AurkA inhibitor triple drug combination offers increased efficacy against melanoma cell growth and might be considered as a potential treatment strategy for enhancing clinical response in melanoma. However, although this triple drug combination was more effective at the epidermal/dermal junction, the suggested presence of alive and proliferating melanoma cells in the dermal stratum could result in drug resistance and disease recurrence. Molecular characterization of these dermal cells may be critical for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8326880ec1e14ebcb6b2e77cbf6347b1", "input": "Question: Is hepatic steatosis prevalent in stillborns delivered to women with diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: This study is the first to our knowledge to demonstrate a specific association between fetal hepatic steatosis and maternal diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dddb37f53f604f7790a73a31a3ed8d51", "input": "Question: Is high-fat diet-related stimulation of sweetness desire greater in women than in men despite high vegetable intake?\nAnswer: Men had significantly stronger desires for salty and fatty foods, whereas women preferred sweet food after meals. The sweetness desire in women was stimulated by increasing fat content, even with a high vegetable intake. Low rice intake in a low-energy-density diet also caused a relative stimulation of sweetness desire in women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fa043378873470d9666665c2a99b5a9", "input": "Question: Does signaling through FcR\u03b3-associated receptors on dendritic cells drive IL-33-dependent TH2-type responses?\nAnswer: These data identify a mechanism whereby TH2 stimuli signal through FcR\u03b3-associated receptors on DCs to upregulate IL-33 production and induce TH2-mediated allergic\u00a0airway inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8fda26931acb4bd9a28769517713c6dd", "input": "Question: Is the Amyloid Precursor Protein rapidly transported from the Golgi apparatus to the lysosome and where it is processed into beta-amyloid?\nAnswer: These data suggests that AP-3 mediates rapid delivery of APP to lysosomes, and that the lysosome is a likely site of A\u03b2 production.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e9338a505dc46d3909d5e2b72f09d60", "input": "Question: Does induction monotherapy with sirolimus have selected beneficial effects on glomerular and tubulointersititial injury in nephrotoxic serum nephritis?\nAnswer: Induction monotherapy with sirolimus suppressed target of rapamycin complex 1 activation, renal cell proliferation, and injury during the early stages of rodent NSN, but the degree of histological protection was more consistent in the tubulointerstitium than the glomerular compartment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3837572831a14192adf02b29bb79ec63", "input": "Question: Are findings in the distal colorectum associated with proximal advanced serrated lesions?\nAnswer: The findings at flexible sigmoidoscopy that traditionally serve as indications for colonoscopy (conventional adenomas) are likely to be ineffective for detection of proximal ASL. This finding, plus the observation that most patients with proximal ASL have no distal polyps, favors screening colonoscopy over sigmoidoscopy, especially in the elderly. The observation that non-advanced distal SSA/Ps are associated with any proximal SSA/P warrants further study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d0e8eeb358db4e978cf05784502590f8", "input": "Question: Does the bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist BI113823 reverse inflammatory hyperalgesia by desensitization of peripheral and spinal neurons?\nAnswer: The selective bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist BI113823 reduces CFA-induced mechanical hyperalgesia which is mediated via antagonism of peripheral as well as spinal bradykinin B1 receptors. The selective modulation of CFA-sensitized spinal NS neurons by BI113823 could be a promising property for the treatment of inflammatory pain.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0eda2078854040fdaa5167c50b77c2d3", "input": "Question: Does return to activity after concussion affect dual-task gait balance control recovery?\nAnswer: Adolescents with concussion displayed increased center-of-mass medial/lateral displacement and velocity during dual-task walking after RTA, suggesting a regression of recovery in gait balance control. This study reinforces the need for a multifaceted approach to concussion management and continued monitoring beyond the point of clinical recovery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-145128de73a8487f8bcc6d04fab16b1d", "input": "Question: Does adolescent social isolation lead to persistent increases in anxiety- like behavior or ethanol intake in female long-evans rats?\nAnswer: The SI/GH model, which results in robust and enduring increases in anxiety measures and EtOH self-administration in male Long Evans rats, did not result in similar behavioral changes in female rats. These data, and that of others, suggest that adolescent social isolation is not a useful model with which to study neurobiological substrates linking antecedent anxiety and addiction vulnerability in female rats. Given the compelling epidemiological evidence that the relationship between chronic adolescent stress and alcohol addiction is particularly strong in women, there is clearly an urgent need to identify a more effective model with which to study these clinically important relationships in female rodents.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-909a89ba4ff9419180ac31e4527346fc", "input": "Question: Are acetylsalicylic acid , aging and coronary artery disease associated with ABCA1 DNA methylation in men?\nAnswer: This study provides new evidence that the ABCA1 epigenetic profile is associated with CAD and aging, and highlights that epigenetic modifications might be a significant molecular mechanism involved in the pathophysiological processes associated with CAD. Acetylsalicylic acid treatment for CAD prevention might involve epigenetic mechanisms.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3f40b05108f44e88f0062bff6c018a8", "input": "Question: Does active CREB1 promote a malignant TGF\u03b22 autocrine loop in glioblastoma?\nAnswer: TGF\u03b2 is considered a promising therapeutic target, and several clinical trials using TGF\u03b2 inhibitors are generating encouraging results. Here, we discerned the molecular mechanisms responsible for the aberrantly high levels of TGF\u03b22 found in certain tumors, and we propose biomarkers to predict the clinical response to anti-TGF\u03b2 therapies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a997e1bd67114af3a2aa441e64892d10", "input": "Question: Are several submaximal exercise tests reliable , valid and acceptable in people with chronic pain , fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue : a systematic review?\nAnswer: Moderate evidence was found for reliability, validity and acceptability of submaximal exercise tests in patients with chronic pain, fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue. There is no evidence about maximal exercise tests in patients with chronic pain, fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e985836821c348069f183f4555de63a9", "input": "Question: Are anorectal manometric parameters influenced by gender and age in subjects with normal bowel function?\nAnswer: Anorectal manometric parameters are influenced by gender and age. This should be taken into consideration when interpreting manometric readings in a clinical setting.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d3ae03ec279489abf09c5eba390d0d7", "input": "Question: Does microRNA-18a inhibit hypoxia-inducible factor 1\u03b1 activity and lung metastasis in basal breast cancers?\nAnswer: The results of this study reveal a novel role for miR-18a in targeting HIF1A and repressing metastasis of basal-like breast tumors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d6254a1b652a45048eee75f848820a30", "input": "Question: Is vagifem superior to vaginal Premarin in induction of endometrial thickness in the frozen-thawed cycle patients with refractory endometria : A randomized clinical trial?\nAnswer: Vagifem is superior to Premarin in induction of endometrial thickness in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles in the patients with refractive endometria.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-93968ed482d14692a878ec6e5b621c02", "input": "Question: Does sENP1 protect against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury via a HIF1\u03b1-dependent pathway?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that SENP1 deficiency exacerbates I/R injury in cardiomyocytes via a HIF1\u03b1-dependent pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-041c15f5fd6b45269f0a62b644c09e40", "input": "Question: Does erythropoietin priming improve the vasculogenic potential of G-CSF mobilized human peripheral blood mononuclear cells?\nAnswer: Brief ex vivo EPO-priming is a novel method to augment the vasculogenic potential of human (mob)PBMCs, which would help to achieve better results after intracoronary infusion in myocardial infarction patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c627beccbd2c4ff4ba88123a1873d35b", "input": "Question: Do glucose fluctuations increase the incidence of atrial fibrillation in diabetic rats?\nAnswer: Glucose fluctuations increase the incidence of AF by promoting cardiac fibrosis. Increased ROS levels caused by upregulation of Txnip expression may be a mechanism whereby in glucose fluctuations induce fibrosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-34e35b319a3248b1848736bf912ccb59", "input": "Question: Is direct observation a valid criterion for estimating physical activity and sedentary behavior?\nAnswer: This study provides evidence that DO can be used as a criterion measure of absolute intensity in free-living validation studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6fcb937de10f45c882e57bae630a4d03", "input": "Question: Does nitric oxide exert protective effects against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice?\nAnswer: These results provide the first direct evidence that a lack of all three NOS isoforms led to a deterioration of pulmonary fibrosis in a BLM-treated murine model. We speculate that the entire endogenous NO and NOS system plays an important protective role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d082c1ce2b041809a39fcaba9bc5a87", "input": "Question: Do inhaled corticosteroids influence the early inflammatory response and clinical presentation of hospitalized subjects with COPD exacerbation?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrates a lack of inhaled corticosteroid influence in the early systemic inflammatory response to and clinical presentation of COPD exacerbation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f6833c152ae4362823cff12ed0b1303", "input": "Question: Does mouse hepatocyte overexpression of NF-\u03baB-inducing kinase ( NIK ) trigger fatal macrophage-dependent liver injury and fibrosis?\nAnswer: the hepatocyte NIK-liver immune cell axis promotes liver inflammation, injury, and fibrosis, thus driving liver disease progression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-814dbb5f93a348d79178f505fae130f9", "input": "Question: Does phosphoproteomic profiling reveal IL6-mediated paracrine signaling within the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors?\nAnswer: EWS/FLI1 inhibition results in a novel adaptive response and suggests that targeting the IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway may increase the efficacy of ESFT therapies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7e0a06d44c24ffd8f917aebec037ea9", "input": "Question: Are `` These issues n't talked about at home '' : a qualitative study of the sexual and reproductive health information preferences of adolescents in Vanuatu?\nAnswer: Providing adolescents with comprehensive SRH information can have life-long protective benefits, however there are important content gaps in information currently provided in Vanuatu. The broad range of sources preferred by adolescents highlights the need to strengthen information provision through multiple channels to reach in and out-of-school youth and respond to individual needs and contexts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f57b1433da54e3bb7c3afdd95cdc5e4", "input": "Question: Does measurement of a MMP-2 degraded Titin fragment in serum reflect changes in muscle turnover induced by atrophy?\nAnswer: We developed a robust ELISA measuring a muscle derived MMP-2 generated Titin degradation fragment in rat and human serum. Importantly, the fragment can be measured in serum and that these levels are related to induction of skeletal muscle atrophy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2207b09ee2f249a7b6f60b466a8fce98", "input": "Question: Is hepatitis B virus sub-genotype A1 infection characterized by high replication levels and rapid emergence of drug resistance in HIV-positive adults receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy in Malawi?\nAnswer: HBV sub-genotype A1 infections showed a severe virologic expression in HIV-positive Malawians. The findings strengthen the urgency of interventions to improve ascertainment and management of chronic hepatitis B in the region.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a5746543cc747d69f671a5731f8c821", "input": "Question: Is cytosine deamination a major cause of baseline noise in next-generation sequencing?\nAnswer: Baseline noise during NGS is mostly due to cytosine deamination, the source of which is likely to be both biologic and an artifact of thermocycling, and it can be reduced by UNG pretreatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3dbb5e294c5d48558d1971efb6b05e70", "input": "Question: Does the long-term use of soap affect the pH-maintenance mechanism of human skin?\nAnswer: These results suggest that long-term continuous use of a soap-based cleanser does not affect the pH-maintaining mechanism of human skin.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae40737b2aa545c3bc1690bcfb2df6bc", "input": "Question: Does aliskiren inhibit prorenin-induced human aortic smooth muscle cell migration?\nAnswer: Taken together, we provide the first evidence of the inhibitory action of aliskiren on SMC migration induced by prorenin.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b687c094bbc4737ac25a8df00515b80", "input": "Question: Do voriconazole plasma concentrations in immunocompromised pediatric patients vary by CYP2C19 diplotypes?\nAnswer: Younger age and the presence of CYP2C19 gain-of-function alleles were associated with subtherapeutic voriconazole concentrations. Starting doses based on age and CYP2C19 status could increase the number of patients achieving therapeutic voriconazole exposure.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-360531b23c3f49aaa55cddcac1272716", "input": "Question: Are expression and activity of ABCG2 , but not ABCB1 or OATP1B1 , associated with cholesterol levels : evidence from in vitro and in vivo experiments?\nAnswer: This study suggested that statins may downregulate ABCG2 expression and function through reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09b31d66d7af4357ace4d33cf6e7fc61", "input": "Question: Are irregular menstruation and hyperandrogenaemia in adolescence associated with polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility in later life : Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 study?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that menstrual irregularity and/or elevated androgen levels at 16 years are still associated with symptoms of PCOS at 26 years as well as infertility problems at 26 years but not with decreased pregnancy or delivery rates at 26 years.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-22f267b07c3e44f6805d2d53dfeea5a0", "input": "Question: Do novel MSH6 mutations in treatment-na\u00efve glioblastoma and anaplastic oligodendroglioma contribute to temozolomide resistance independently of MGMT promoter methylation?\nAnswer: These data demonstrate that endogenous MSH6 mutations may be present before alkylator therapy and occur in at least two histologic subtypes of adult glial neoplasms, with this report serving as the first to note these mutations in oligodendroglioma. These findings broaden our understanding of the clinical response to temozolomide in gliomas.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-93f2effd8df24ce58278638eab42ed7d", "input": "Question: Is only female age , and not blood type , associated with ovarian reserve?\nAnswer: Blood groups do not constitute a risk or protective factor for ovarian reserve. Therefore, blood groups do not have any predictive value in evaluating ovarian reserve.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ded7856166b4b0ab9199e6246dad3f8", "input": "Question: Do postmenopausal patients with endometrial cancer of type 1 have elevated serum estradiol levels in the ovarian vein?\nAnswer: The postmenopausal ovary is hormonally active, especially in patients with type 1 EC. The degree of ovarian stromal hyperplasia may (at least in part) contribute to the progression of type 1 EC, and MV may predict the level of E2 production from the ovaries in postmenopausal women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ede9bfd20ba41498d58fa25f100f2e3", "input": "Question: Does penehyclidine hydrochloride decrease pulmonary microvascular permeability by upregulating beta arrestins in a murine cecal ligation and puncture model?\nAnswer: This study suggests that in the CLP-induced lung injury model, PHC could reduce pulmonary microvascular permeability by upregulating expressions of beta arrestins.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9c627ad92cae4fc7b8e4a116981d097e", "input": "Question: Are intraretinal cysts the most relevant prognostic biomarker in neovascular age-related macular degeneration independent of the therapeutic strategy?\nAnswer: Combination and monotherapy showed a distinct response pattern for morphological parameters in nAMD. IRC was the only relevant prognostic parameter for functional outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-23762254a73049f69ef854c62b1cbce0", "input": "Question: Does severity of mild cognitive impairment in early Parkinson 's disease contribute to poorer quality of life?\nAnswer: PD-MCI is a significant, independent factor contributing to poorer QoL in patients with newly diagnosed PD. Those classified with greatest impairment (2.0 SD below normal values) have lower QoL. This has implications for clinical practice and future interventions targeting cognitive impairments.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e45225ef393f4211b716c2496cbd9f93", "input": "Question: Does p8 Deficiency cause siderosis in spleens and lymphocyte apoptosis in acute pancreatitis?\nAnswer: We conclude that p8 has no impact on the cellular composition of the adaptive and innate immune systems in noninflammatory conditions. However, it may limit apoptosis and maintain homeostasis of the immune reaction during AP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b15d26bde4b4f28ad08d340220f9484", "input": "Question: Does tumor stage after neoadjuvant chemotherapy determine survival after surgery for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction?\nAnswer: The stage of esophageal or esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy determines prognosis rather than the clinical stage before neoadjuvant chemotherapy, indicating the importance of focusing on postchemotherapy staging to more accurately predict outcome and eligibility for surgery. Patients who are downstaged by neoadjuvant chemotherapy benefit from reduced rates of local and systemic recurrence.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-06f60283c967419ba39bfdb06e7c0bed", "input": "Question: Do platelet-specific collagen receptor glycoprotein VI gene variants affect recurrent pregnancy loss?\nAnswer: These results suggest that variants of GP6 SNPs, namely, rs1671153, rs1654410, rs1654419, and rs1613662, may be associated with risk of recurrent miscarriage. In silico analyses demonstrated the influence of GP6 in biologic pathways, molecular function, including collagen binding, and gene-gene interaction in the human genome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9d1148d45a34a0588fceb605db12665", "input": "Question: Does application site affect the pharmacokinetics of topical testosterone applied to the axilla compared with the inner arm?\nAnswer: The absorption of a 1% testosterone solution was significantly greater after application to the axilla than to the inner arm. Study number DDS16; Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration, CTN 2005/158.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3266eaf8af1b41c4bd14997b370519cf", "input": "Question: Does the biochemical severity of primary hyperparathyroidism correlate with the localization accuracy of sestamibi and surgeon-performed ultrasound?\nAnswer: Surgeon-performed ultrasound and sestamibi have higher localization rates and PPV, with increasing preoperative serum calcium and PTH levels. Surgeon-performed ultrasound may be a better initial test for patients with lower calcium (<10.5 mg/dL) and PTH (<90 pg/mL) values due to significantly higher localization rates; however, a localizing sestamibi has higher PPV.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-786505cd097a412596ba1893d1be8cea", "input": "Question: Is tCR-triggered extracellular superoxide production required for T-cell activation?\nAnswer: Collectively, our data indicate that primary T cells produce extracellular superoxide upon TCR triggering, potentially via NOX2 at the plasma membrane. However, superoxide is not required for T-cell activation, proliferation and cytokine production.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f57dd4aa0f344384a5807ed10e6921a3", "input": "Question: Does lL37 induce VEGF expression in dental pulp cells through ERK signalling?\nAnswer: LL37 activated the ERK pathway to boost VEGF secretion from human pulp cells. Because of this angiogenic effect and its reported induction of pulp cell migration and antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria, LL37 may be applicable as a pulp capping material.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-07e60f0b1f334ee489ba893b130ae3fe", "input": "Question: Are cDKN2A ( p16 ) and HRAS frequently mutated in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: Somatic mutations were detected in 62% of VSCCs. As expected, HPV infection and TP53-mutations play a key role in the development of VSCC, but CDKN2A(p16), HRAS, and PIK3CA-mutations were also frequently seen in HPV-negative patients. Patients with somatic mutations, especially HRAS-mutations, have a significantly worse prognosis than patients lacking these changes, which could be of importance for the development of targeted therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b3d9406417404ee4a9e01dc62847b37d", "input": "Question: Is myopia in young adults inversely related to an objective marker of ocular sun exposure : the Western Australian Raine cohort study?\nAnswer: In this young adult population, myopic refractive error was inversely associated with objectively measured ocular sun exposure, even after adjustment for potential confounders. This further supports the inverse association between outdoor activity and myopia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6387b2b54c3644f585f6e4b7179ca0e4", "input": "Question: Is acrolein exposure associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk?\nAnswer: Regardless of its source, acrolein exposure is associated with platelet activation and suppression of circulating angiogenic cell levels, as well as increased CVD risk.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-213716eeb5804edcb9406a23c76f586b", "input": "Question: Do inflammatory cytokines promote the retrodifferentiation of tumor-derived hepatocyte-like cells to progenitor cells?\nAnswer: Cancer progenitor cells (or metastasis progenitors) may derive from tumor-derived hepatocyte-like cells in an inflammatory environment that is frequently associated with HCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6199498bc03a476ead655671335f18be", "input": "Question: Does biomechanical comparison of 3 ankle brace with and without free rotation in the sagittal plane?\nAnswer: All ankle braces showed stabilizing effects against dynamic and passive foot inversion. Differences between the hinged braces and the nonhinged brace did not appear to be clinically relevant.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d9f2837eb7145baa4a59c9f3b5a8f92", "input": "Question: Are lower serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels associated with failure to achieve remission in patients with major depression after escitalopram treatment?\nAnswer: This study included a small sample, and measured serum BDNF levels in the MDD patients at only one point during the maintenance treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e1ab178ecd244995b5d9ad7cc0c4de95", "input": "Question: Do mesenchymal stem cells maintain blood-brain barrier integrity by inhibiting aquaporin-4 upregulation after cerebral ischemia?\nAnswer: MSCs protected BBB integrity by reducing the apoptosis of astrocytes after ischemic attack, which was due to the attenuation of inflammatory response and downregulation of aquaporin-4 expression via p38 signaling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f612de78ef314bc4885c286d75572fa8", "input": "Question: Is three-dimensional speckle strain echocardiography more accurate and efficient than 2D strain in the evaluation of left ventricular function?\nAnswer: Three-dimensional STE is feasible and reproducible in the estimation of LV function, requires substantially less time than 2DSTE and is a more feasible technique for LV function assessment in clinical practice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-915b0a721fba46a881ceb4af88dd271e", "input": "Question: Is the risk of uterine rupture increased with single- compared with double-layer closure : a Swedish cohort study?\nAnswer: There was no significant difference in the rate of uterine rupture when single-layer closure was compared with double -layer closure of the uterus.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a858c2d1a3aa410ab42c345b679ff664", "input": "Question: Are low serum mannose-binding lectin levels associated with inflammation and apoptosis in early surveillance allograft biopsies?\nAnswer: Low pre-transplant serum MBL levels are associated with more severe inflammation and increased apoptosis in early surveillance renal allograft biopsies suggesting that MBL modulates renal inflammation after transplantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-549ddf1d896949b6b98f14ae6fb5dfc9", "input": "Question: Do hDL-C levels modify the association between C-reactive protein and coronary artery calcium score?\nAnswer: The association between CRP concentration and CAC score differed according to HDL-C levels.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-202e00d52dd64334875aebcd4da6dc65", "input": "Question: Does the COMFORT behaviour scale detect clinically meaningful effects of analgesic and sedative treatment?\nAnswer: This is the first study demonstrating that the COMFORT-B scale detects treatment-related changes in pain or distress intensity. This implies that COMFORT-B assessments can effectively guide analgesic and sedation treatment in critically ill children.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d7fa8f625df485e93c3c9b9d7902c8a", "input": "Question: Is fasting serum C-peptide useful for initial classification of diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents?\nAnswer: In this study, we found that if the C-peptide level was <0.6 ng/mL at diagnosis, T2DM could be excluded; if C-peptide level was >3.0 ng/mL, a T1DM diagnosis is unlikely. This finding suggests that serum fasting C-peptide level is useful for classifying DM type at the time of diagnosis in youth.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-995612fbddb24872a9b6609945b1e73d", "input": "Question: Does bRAT1 deficiency cause increased glucose metabolism and mitochondrial malfunction?\nAnswer: These findings suggest novel roles of BRAT1 in cell proliferation and mitochondrial functions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8c170f1f57f4d4f939db1c4102834e6", "input": "Question: Does sophocarpine attenuate toll-like receptor 4 in steatotic hepatocytes to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines synthesis?\nAnswer: Sophocarpine could decrease the expression of TLR4 in steatotic hepatocytes and suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines synthesis. NF-\u03baB, JNK, and ERK signaling pathways were important workable downstream pathways.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2850ffcb66d842ab89394cad433d793c", "input": "Question: Does postoperative PTH monitoring of hypocalcemia expedite discharge after thyroidectomy?\nAnswer: Postoperative PTH level after total thyroidectomy facilitates early supplementation therapy and abates symptomatic hypocalcemia. It also allows early and safe patient discharge.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5298356f93d54fca8c080afc629bf8e7", "input": "Question: Does the application of McBurney 's single-incision laparoscopic colectomy alleviate the response of patients to postoperative wound pain?\nAnswer: This study further provides evidence for supporting the safety and feasibility of SILC in treating colorectal diseases. More important is that McBurney's SILC not only alleviates the patient response to wound pain, but also provides the same site for a diverting enterostomy to avoid creating an additional wound.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7022f434cc4446c7ab98bfd13b29b262", "input": "Question: Is bortezomib-associated peripheral neuropathy requiring medical treatment decreased by administering the medication by subcutaneous injection in Korean multiple myeloma patients?\nAnswer: Since the responses were potent regardless of administration route, the subcutaneous injection of bortezomib should be considered in Asian myeloma patients who are expected to achieve a longer PFS with bortezomib.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3af163b7f3649df94a3482ddf98deee", "input": "Question: Does blockade of the programmed death-1 pathway restore sarcoidosis CD4 ( + ) T-cell proliferative capacity?\nAnswer: Analogous to the effects in other chronic lung diseases, these findings demonstrate that the PD-1 pathway is an important contributor to sarcoidosis CD4(+) T-cell proliferative capacity and clinical outcome. Blockade of the PD-1 pathway may be a viable therapeutic target to optimize clinical outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ecf2d069be9e49c198ff43e012e11be5", "input": "Question: Does cerebral performance category at hospital discharge predict long-term survival of cardiac arrest survivors receiving targeted temperature management*?\nAnswer: Patients with different Cerebral Performance Category scores at discharge have significantly different survival trajectories. Favorable Cerebral Performance Category at hospital discharge predicts better long-term outcomes of survivors of cardiac arrest who received targeted temperature management than those with less favorable Cerebral Performance Category scores.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-53cf4233947542ec91e8c3a1b9191b06", "input": "Question: Is number of positive preoperative biopsy cores a predictor of positive surgical margins ( PSM ) in small prostates after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy ( RARP )?\nAnswer: A preoperative biopsy with \u22653 positive cores in men with small prostates predicts PSM after RARP. In small prostates with PSM, a PSA level of >20\u2009ng/dL is a predictor of BCR. These factors should guide the choice of therapy and indicate the need for closer postoperative follow-up.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-333ff1fca8ed4726b17d9ad24240fe5d", "input": "Question: Does capsaicin induce `` brite '' phenotype in differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest the dual modulatory role of capsaicin in adipogenesis. Capsaicin inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 via TRPV1 activation and induces brown-like phenotype whereas higher doses.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e8c34a7954c4f75ac92b9dd50f3ed98", "input": "Question: Does chemical glycosylation of cytochrome c improve physical and chemical protein stability?\nAnswer: The results demonstrate that chemical glycosylation is a potentially valuable method to increase Cyt c stability during formulation and storage and potentially during its application after administration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-baa50977b1734eee9de29b00f1772e1e", "input": "Question: Do erbB targeting inhibitors repress cell migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cells by distinct signaling pathways?\nAnswer: Clinical tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) reduce esophageal cancer cell migration. Loss of cell migration is linked to reduced Akt, ERK1/2, STAT (3 or 5), FAK, SFKs, and RhoA activity. Clinical TKIs act via distinct signaling in the two main histotypes of esophageal cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac3a09c36661431b985ed3edf16f21b8", "input": "Question: Do paraoxonase 1 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia alter the expression of mouse kidney proteins involved in renal disease?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that excess Hcy is toxic because it deregulates the expression of proteins involved in diverse cellular processes-from lipid, protein, carbohydrate, and energy metabolisms to detoxification and antioxidant defenses-that are essential for normal kidney homeostasis. Dysregulation of these processes can account for the involvement of HHcy and reduced Pon1 in kidney disease. Our findings also show that Pon1 plays an important role in maintaining normal kidney homeostasis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94c6fe7aab254722bb5b5266a2744ebc", "input": "Question: Do culturable bacterial endophytes isolated from Mangrove tree ( Rhizophora apiculata Blume ) enhance seedling growth in Rice?\nAnswer: These research findings could be useful to enhance the seedling growth and could serve as foundation in further research on enhancing the growth of the rice crop using endophytic bacteria.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3f403f203fe4897a52c169b7b61eeb6", "input": "Question: Does macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 require Mal and PI3K for efficient induction of heme oxygenase-1?\nAnswer: These results indicated that MALP-2 required TLR2/6, Btk, Mal and c-Src to activate PI3K, which in turn initiated the activation of Nrf2 for efficient HO-1 induction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b8881e51db54c38b7c05ea2811f835b", "input": "Question: Is cytomegalovirus coinfection associated with an increased risk of severe non-AIDS-defining events in a large cohort of HIV-infected patients?\nAnswer: In our study population, CMV/HIV coinfection was associated with the risk of severe non-AIDS-defining events/non-AIDS-related death, especially with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, independently of other prognostic factors. This finding supports a potential independent role of CMV coinfection in vascular/degenerative organ disorders in HIV-infected subjects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b11b1ffd4baf4a0ba49e12d87193d748", "input": "Question: Is neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio a reliable predictive marker for early-stage diabetic nephropathy?\nAnswer: Increased NLR was significantly associated with DN, and high NLR values may be a reliable predictive marker of early-stage DN.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b5e1c2035b2046a984015351127193a1", "input": "Question: Is the prevalence of CHD7 missense versus truncating mutations higher in patients with Kallmann syndrome than in typical CHARGE patients?\nAnswer: Considering the large prevalence and clinical spectrum of CHD7 mutations, it will be particularly relevant to genetic counseling to search for mutations in this gene in KS patients seeking fertility treatment, especially if KS is associated with deafness and cleft lip/palate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-026891d007be4b88a42cb8ac4ca0f003", "input": "Question: Does star-shaped tetraspermine enhance cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of T-oligo in prostate cancer cells?\nAnswer: SSTS significantly enhanced therapeutic benefits associated with the use of T-oligo and can be developed as a delivery vehicle for its in-vivo therapeutic applications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf75cc71dae34d19bc8c260ee807ce05", "input": "Question: Do melodic pitch perception and lexical tone perception in Mandarin-speaking cochlear implant users?\nAnswer: Despite the prevalence of pitch cues in Mandarin, the present CI participants had great difficulty perceiving melodic pitch. The availability of amplitude and duration cues in lexical tones most likely compensated for the poor pitch perception observed with these CI listeners. Previous acoustic hearing experience seemed to benefit postlingual CI users' melodic pitch perception. Longer CI experience was associated with better MCI performance for both subject groups, suggesting that CI users' music perception may improve as they gain experience with their device.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fa986ddb7e5b4c71a9ef861df559eeb8", "input": "Question: Does genome editing of isogenic human induced pluripotent stem cells recapitulate long QT phenotype for drug testing?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrates that iPSC-CM-based disease models can be rapidly generated by overexpression of dominant negative gene mutants.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1542ce9b200f4951ba41ee9e319a79d2", "input": "Question: Do [ Reasons that seedless fruits of Siraitia grosvenorii become small ]?\nAnswer: The expression of the genes of the proteins involving cell division and expansion was inhibited as the significant reduction of endogenous IAA, CTK, GA and SPDS after bad fertilization and the embryo abortion, which resulted in the end of division and extension of sarcocarp cells. Above reasons induce small fruits of triploid seedless Siraitia grosvenorii.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-df05e049ef3943b3a93ecb9a3015b2d8", "input": "Question: Do temporal and other factors that influence the time doctors take to prescribe using an electronic prescribing system?\nAnswer: The display of alerts, prescribing experience, system familiarity, and environment all affect the time taken to generate a prescription order. Our study reinforces the need for appropriate alerts to be presented to individuals at an appropriate place in the workflow, in order to improve prescribing efficiency.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-171a5530f2b146e9aacd81b75722444a", "input": "Question: Does \u03b1-Methylacyl-CoA racemase ( AMACR ) serve as a prognostic biomarker for the early recurrence/metastasis of HCC?\nAnswer: This study reveals that the AMACR might be a potential prognostic marker for predicting early recurrence/metastasis of HCC after hepatectomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-babbf299d45f4a7e87b9a30d5c423964", "input": "Question: Does traditional thermal therapy with indirect moxibustion decrease renal arterial resistive index?\nAnswer: This study of the short-term effects of indirect moxibustion on renal hemodynamics in healthy persons showed that renal vascular resistance was reduced after the therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1774f2426d4c42b08930c34fea07913d", "input": "Question: Does ginseng treatment reverse obesity and related disorders by inhibiting angiogenesis in female db/db mice?\nAnswer: These results suggest that ginseng may effectively treat female obesity and related disorders in part by inhibition of angiogenesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3abdb90ca8bc47dab32e160530f693b8", "input": "Question: Are myeloid microvesicles in cerebrospinal fluid associated with myelin damage and neuronal loss in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease?\nAnswer: Microglial MVs are neurotoxic and myelinotoxic in the presence of A\u03b21-42 . CSF myeloid MVs, mirroring microglia activation and MV release, are associated with WM damage in MCI and hippocampal atrophy in AD. This suggests that hippocampal microglia activation, in the presence of A\u03b21-42 in excess, produces neurotoxic and oligodendrotoxic oligomers that, through WM tract damage, spread disease to neighboring and connected areas, causing local microglia activation and propagation of disease through the same sequence of events. Ann Neurol 2014;76:813-825.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-44549bf45a334985859ac9faf9f1917e", "input": "Question: Does 18F-FDG-PET/CT better localize active spinal infection than MRI for successful minimally invasive surgery?\nAnswer: FDG-PET/CT demonstrated limited areas of abnormality allowing accurate delineation, and is thus useful to narrow the surgical fields. Since overall diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET/CT was superior to that of MRI, FDG-PET/CT is a useful technique to narrow the surgical field for successful less invasive surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b9bdd440c664157a4ecc2bafd5ed246", "input": "Question: Is increased expression of miR-222 associated with poor prognosis in bladder cancer?\nAnswer: miR-222 overexpression is involved in the poor prognosis of bladder cancer and can be used as a biomarker for selection of cases requiring special attention.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b94e2c446f3445c697b32c1a2cb9fedd", "input": "Question: Does photobiont selectivity lead to ecological tolerance and evolutionary divergence in a polymorphic complex of lichenized fungi?\nAnswer: Low selectivity apparently allows widespread lichen-forming fungi to establish successful symbioses with locally adapted photobionts in a broader range of habitats. This flexibility might correlate with both lower phylogenetic resolution and evolutionary divergence in species complexes of crustose lichen-forming fungi.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fda1487db28402c9822397dfed2bafe", "input": "Question: Does qRS duration in left bundle branch block affect left ventricular twisting in chronic systolic heart failure?\nAnswer: In patients with chronic severe systolic heart failure, QRS duration and LBBB morphology do not affect LV twisting and untwisting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8cc16d5729047e9bd984d72a698862a", "input": "Question: Does contractile reserve induced with dobutamine echocardiography predict outcome in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and mitral regurgitation?\nAnswer: In patients with advanced LVD and severe MR, CR detected by DSE was associated with significant reductions in the risk of death and heart transplantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-23f37424186e4b30a08127fe6e90eade", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of telomerase activity by dominant-negative hTERT retard the growth of breast cancer cells?\nAnswer: This study shows that telomerase inhibition by DN-hTERT can effectively inhibit the cell viability and tumorigenicity of MCF7 cells and is an attractive approach for breast cancer therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce188ed84a674c80af96d77fc60b5830", "input": "Question: Does catecholamine and volume therapy for cardiac surgery in Germany -- result from a postal survey?\nAnswer: Choice of hemodynamic monitoring is homogenous throughout German centers treating cardiac surgery patients. Norepinephrine is the first line catecholamine in cases of decrease in peripheral vascular resistance. However, catecholamine choice for low cardiac output syndrome varies considerably. HES was the primary colloid used for fluid resuscitation. After conduct of this survey, HES use was restricted by European regulatory authorities in critically ill patients and should only be considered as second-line fluid in surgical patients without renal impairment or severe coagulopathy. Large clinical studies addressing catecholamine and fluid therapy in cardiac surgery patients are lacking.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-30792bbafb4441fe9c3147de4b8d5bc6", "input": "Question: Does low energy shock wave therapy induce angiogenesis in acute hind-limb ischemia via VEGF receptor 2 phosphorylation?\nAnswer: Low energy shock wave treatment induces angiogenesis in acute ischemia via VEGF receptor 2 stimulation and shows the same promising effects as known from chronic myocardial ischemia. It may therefore develop as an adjunct to the treatment armentarium of acute muscle ischemia in limbs and myocardium.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b6e6ea19ab7a4737a8e3f5208c0e0100", "input": "Question: Is macroscopic type a prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival after resection of gastric GIST?\nAnswer: It is suggested that exoluminal or mixed-type is independently associated with recurrence of surgically resected gastric GIST in addition to tumor size and mitotic rate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab0d9ff6ded34cddaf2f1d135937cd05", "input": "Question: Does dynamic assessment of narrative ability in English accurately identify language impairment in English language learners?\nAnswer: DA conducted in English provides a systematic means for measuring learning processes and learning outcomes, resulting in a clinically useful procedure for identifying LIs in bilingual children who are in the process of learning English as a second language.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3e2f1577c714437893c21b4a3e0ebca", "input": "Question: Are adherence measurement and patient recruitment methods poor in intervention trials to improve patient adherence?\nAnswer: Measurement and recruitment methods in adherence trials varied considerably, and most methods were of low quality. Adherence research could be advanced by using higher quality measures of adherence and better selection and baseline assessment of study participants.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ac084a09f424e3082a7617bf5c07686", "input": "Question: Is delayed paracentesis associated with increased in-hospital mortality in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?\nAnswer: Hospitalized patients with SBP who received DP had a 2.7-fold increased risk of mortality adjusting for MELD score and renal dysfunction. Diagnostic paracentesis performed <12\u2009h from hospitalization in patients with cirrhosis and ascites may improve short-term survival.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-233e3507bdeb43b6863fbb510e5a65a7", "input": "Question: Does low-level light therapy induce mucosal healing in a murine model of dextran-sodium-sulfate induced colitis?\nAnswer: Photobiostimulation with LLLT has a significant positive effect on disease progression in mice with DSS colitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d3d94216681d4347a0f1bcd3e8c3b694", "input": "Question: Are toker cells of the nipple commonly associated with underlying sebaceous glands but not with lactiferous ducts?\nAnswer: This study suggests that Toker cells are more likely to be developmentally related to sebaceous glands rather than lactiferous ducts. This raises doubts about the presence of a relationship between Toker cells and the common forms of Paget's disease, as the latter are commonly seen in association with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) involving underlying lactiferous ducts. Toker cells, however, may be related to a less common form of Paget's disease which is not associated with underlying DCIS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a112a86d5b8e4828abac75d4a67d902b", "input": "Question: Does involved-nodal radiation therapy lead to lower doses to critical organs-at-risk compared to involved-field radiation therapy?\nAnswer: Utilizing the concept of INRT results in a reduction of radiation dose to critical organ structures in pediatric patients with Hodgkin lymphoma when compared to the more traditional method of IFRT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-795fbe53cc4148a4ab6ceb77d0ff2e8a", "input": "Question: Does ibulocydine sensitize human cancers to radiotherapy by induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis?\nAnswer: IB demonstrated the property of sensitizing human cancer cells to RT by induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, suggesting that IB deserves to be applied for chemoradiotherapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c921c20e952b43469461a6cd0c12db54", "input": "Question: Are patients with rheumatoid arthritis more likely to have pain and poor function after total hip replacements than patients with osteoarthritis?\nAnswer: Contemporary patients with RA have significant improvements in pain and function after THR, but higher proportions have worse 2-year pain and function. In addition, RA is an independent predictor of 2-year pain and poor function after THR, despite high use of disease-modifying therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-08cef6f50d08467fa7942fa22cb5d632", "input": "Question: Does adalimumab significantly reduce the recurrence rate of anterior uveitis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis?\nAnswer: In patients with AS, a significant reduction in the number of AU attacks, as well as in the number of attacks per patient, was observed during adalimumab treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-83b2b57de9be4e46a9a216a6fd5f8b1e", "input": "Question: Do increased urinary interleukin 22 binding protein levels correlate with lupus nephritis activity?\nAnswer: Urinary but not serum IL-22BP levels were associated with active renal disease. Urinary levels of IL-22BP might be a potential marker for the presence of renal involvement in patients with SLE.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e87e158fc9cf460cb6e90d37c2f6fcd1", "input": "Question: Does preoperative statin administration protect against early postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome : a retrospective cohort study?\nAnswer: In patients undergoing high-risk surgery, preoperative statin therapy was not associated with a statistically significant reduction in postoperative ARDS. These results do not support the use of statins as prophylaxis against ARDS in patients undergoing high-risk surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a480996fec6f4a38bc0cd5ba807b0665", "input": "Question: Does spinal cord gray matter atrophy correlate with multiple sclerosis disability?\nAnswer: SC GM atrophy is detectable in vivo in the absence of WM atrophy in RMS. It is more pronounced in progressive MS than RMS and contributes more to patient disability than SC WM or brain GM atrophy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0df57ef0930f4919a00a2a0439c22c6c", "input": "Question: Does catestatin increase the expression of anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenetic factors in the post-ischemic hypertrophied heart of SHR?\nAnswer: CST-Post limits reperfusion damages and reverses the hypertension-induced increase of I/R susceptibility. Moreover, CST-Post triggers antiapoptotic and pro-angiogenetic factors suggesting that CST-Post can be used as an anti-maladaptive remodeling treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7db73690379e4f8dba22e9de0ad0b98b", "input": "Question: Does contralateral prophylactic mastectomy provide no survival benefit in young women with estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer?\nAnswer: CPM provides no survival benefit to young patients with early-stage breast cancer, and no benefit to ER-negative patients. Future studies with longer follow-up are required in this cohort of patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8c15fd45f57948eb90906e7b566d30cb", "input": "Question: Does pioglitazone improve the cardio-ankle vascular index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin?\nAnswer: These results suggest that pioglitazone improves CAVI, a BP-independent arterial stiffness parameter, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-48f2ac9e2a3048eba45185dee7e62140", "input": "Question: Is plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 independently associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease whereas leptin and adiponectin vary between genders?\nAnswer: PAI-1 is independently associated with NAFLD after adjusting for other factors, including leptin and adiponectin. Male and female NAFLD patients show distinct patterns of leptin and adiponectin alterations; special attention is required when evaluating these alterations in female NAFLD patients <\u200945 years.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-39cf21f8937441b1bec3f44d7b82b3b4", "input": "Question: Does germinal center B cell depletion diminish CD4+ follicular T helper cells in autoimmune mice?\nAnswer: These data suggest that mature Tfh cells require signals from GC B cells to sustain their optimal numbers and function in both autoimmune and immunization models. Thus, immunotherapies targeting B cells in autoimmune disease may affect pathogenic Tfh cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d62d25f075e49c5b2fac983d76f16e1", "input": "Question: Do rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP predict progressive joint damage in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis treated with prednisolone : a randomised study?\nAnswer: The presence of RF and anti-CCP predicted radiographic progression in patients not treated with prednisolone but failed to predict progression in patients treated with this drug. The data suggest that early treatment with prednisolone may modulate not only inflammation but also autoimmunity-associated pathogenetic mechanisms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-90352b4ee4134b219e10826d965e5147", "input": "Question: Are aBC transporters involved in defense against permethrin insecticide in the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi?\nAnswer: Our results show for the first time the involvement of ABC transporters in larval defense against permethrin in An. stephensi and, more in general, confirm the role of ABC transporters in insecticide defense. The differences observed with previous studies highlight the need of further research as, despite the growing number of studies on ABC transporters in insects, the heterogeneity of the results available at present does not allow us to infer general trends in ABC transporter-insecticide interactions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-63392f62680e421db46f34e445cf318a", "input": "Question: Does miR-124 suppress tumor growth and metastasis by targeting Foxq1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that miR-124 functions as a tumor-suppressive microRNA in NPC, and that its suppressive effects are mediated chiefly by repressing Foxq1 expression. MiR-124 could serve as an independent biomarker to identify patients with different clinical characteristics. Therefore, our findings provide valuable clues toward the understanding the of mechanisms of NPC pathogenesis and provide an opportunity to develop new effective clinical therapies in the future.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b403918fa222410daba1762435f05b61", "input": "Question: Is serum interleukin-22 ( IL-22 ) increased in the early stage of Hashimoto 's thyroiditis compared to non-autoimmune thyroid disease and healthy controls?\nAnswer: Serum IL-22 is increased in newly diagnosed, untreated HT patients, as compared to thyroid autoimmune disease-free individuals. Our data suggest that IL-22 could play some role in the development of HT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-02b8f652b8c643fda6c320254c5abe70", "input": "Question: Is non-neural tyrosine hydroxylase , via modulation of endocrine pancreatic precursors , required for normal development of beta cells in the mouse pancreas?\nAnswer: A non-neural catecholaminergic pathway appears to modulate the pancreatic endocrine precursor and insulin producing cell neogenesis. This finding may have important implications for approaches seeking to promote the generation of beta cells to treat diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e26e8a2dbcbc4fc5a9a471ff4d630073", "input": "Question: Does microRNA-19b promote macrophage cholesterol accumulation and aortic atherosclerosis by targeting ATP-binding cassette transporter A1?\nAnswer: MiR-19b promotes macrophage cholesterol accumulation, foam cell formation and aortic atherosclerotic development by targeting ABCA1.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-23e5f6bca07942c18d484075e1a07081", "input": "Question: Does a normal colposcopy examination fail to provide psychological reassurance for women who have had low-grade abnormal cervical cytology?\nAnswer: For some women who have low-grade cytology, a normal colposcopy does not appear to provide psychological reassurance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-edd73cb9c63547959799ab8e39fe83ff", "input": "Question: Does embryonic expression of EphA receptor genes in mice support their candidacy for involvement in cleft lip and palate?\nAnswer: Together, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that mutations in EPHA family genes may cause CL/P and also suggest that functional redundancy between family members may be at play.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4eec13c658f74bd99bb63842d7e88ab8", "input": "Question: Is dysregulation of matricellular proteins an early signature of pathology in laminin-deficient muscular dystrophy?\nAnswer: Our results implicate the involvement of multiple signaling pathways in driving the earliest stages of pathology in DyW mice. As opposed to classical dystrophies, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the dysregulation of various matricellular proteins appears to be a distinct feature of the early progression of DyW pathology. On the basis of our results, we believe that therapies that may reduce apoptosis and stabilize the homeostasis of extracellular matrix proteins may have increased efficacy if started at a very early age.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-687fb57754154f1c9a57942dd82f5ee8", "input": "Question: Does oxidative status in the macula densa modulate tubuloglomerular feedback responsiveness in angiotensin II-induced hypertension?\nAnswer: Under physiological conditions, TGF response is mainly controlled by the NO generated in the macula densa; in Ang II induced hypertension, the TGF response is mainly controlled by the O2- generated by the macula densa.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-893888057f944aa997d5be9cbe1bdf1e", "input": "Question: Does seroprevalence of alphavirus antibodies in a cross-sectional study in southwestern Tanzania suggest endemic circulation of chikungunya?\nAnswer: Alphavirus infections may contribute significantly to the febrile disease burden in the study area, and are associated with several arthropod-borne infections. Their spread seems only limited by factors affecting mosquitoes, and seems less restricted than that of Rift Valley fever.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd64c9416a06459d887a37b77d71bb52", "input": "Question: Does miR-506 suppress proliferation of hepatoma cells through targeting YAP mRNA 3'UTR?\nAnswer: MiR-506 suppresses the proliferation of hepatoma cells by targeting YAP mRNA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-340f57b952064f7dbee3670577dd85a1", "input": "Question: Does ursolic acid ameliorate autoimmune arthritis via suppression of Th17 and B cell differentiation?\nAnswer: UA treatment significantly ameliorates CIA in mice via suppression of Th17 and differentiation. By targeting pathogenic Th17 cells and autoantibody production, UA may be useful for the treatment of autoimmune arthritis and other Th17-related diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ecd00cfa7f1f4aad9b069b256dd97dc5", "input": "Question: Does ezetimibe suppress cholesterol accumulation in lipid-loaded vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro via MAPK signaling?\nAnswer: Ezetimibe suppresses cholesterol accumulation in rat VSMCs in vitro by regulating SREBP-1 and caveolin-1 expression, possibly via the MAPK signaling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-05bafd69d66648d4ba11d1ffb209c81b", "input": "Question: Does timosaponin A3 induce hepatotoxicity in rats through inducing oxidative stress and down-regulating bile acid transporters?\nAnswer: TA3 triggers liver injury through inducing ROS generation and suppressing the expression of BA transporters. Mangiferin, an active component in Anemarrhena, may protect hepatocytes from TA3-induced hepatotoxicity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1dfaae5b054e4af985e3e6c6738fb665", "input": "Question: Does liver X receptor \u03b1 ( LXR\u03b1/NR1H3 ) regulate differentiation of hepatocyte-like cells via reciprocal regulation of HNF4\u03b1?\nAnswer: In this study, we found that NR1H3 accelerates hepatic differentiation through an HNF4\u03b1-dependent reciprocal network. This contributes to hepatogenesis and is therapeutically beneficial to liver disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d469bab8dcd9455d96c9675d102df249", "input": "Question: Is bradycardia during therapeutic hypothermia associated with good neurologic outcome in comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest?\nAnswer: Bradycardia during therapeutic hypothermia was associated with good neurologic outcome at hospital discharge. Our data indicate that bradycardia should not be aggressively treated in this period if mean arterial pressure, lactate clearance, and diuresis are maintained at acceptable levels. Studies, both experimental and clinical, are warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e25f123e01945e192928ce17ea490d9", "input": "Question: Does progression-free survival remain poor over sequential lines of systemic therapy in patients with BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: PFS is expectedly poor for patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer. Despite the ascertainment bias present (with testing preferentially performed in patients suitable for clinical trials in refractory disease), these data provide historic controls suitable for future study design and support the idea that novel therapeutic options are essential in this population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-134e13efd07e46baa6cdc905e9243ce8", "input": "Question: Are biologic factors associated with tumor oxygenation prognostic in patients with stage III esophageal cancer : long-term results?\nAnswer: The long-term results confirm that hemoglobin levels during radiotherapy and tumor cell expression of EPO-R are significant prognostic factors in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bff3a38be52c45aab58208be705925f0", "input": "Question: Is integrin \u03b2-8 , but not \u03b2-5 or -6 , protein expression increased in livers of children with biliary atresia?\nAnswer: Our data show that integrin \u03b1\u03bd\u03b28, but not integrin \u03b1\u03bd\u03b25 or integrin \u03b1\u03bd\u03b26, protein expression is increased in liver specimens of patients with BA. These data support the mounting evidence that transforming growth factor-\u03b2 (TGF-\u03b2) activation is responsible for the fibrosis found in BA. Anti-integrin \u03b1\u03bd\u03b28 or more global integrin blocking strategies may be therapeutic options in BA, but further work is clearly needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-48f31f7d969847bd80326e11a8e5d9d2", "input": "Question: Is the dynamic representation of gravity suspended when the idiotropic vector is misaligned with gravity?\nAnswer: The dynamic visual representation of gravity is neither purely body-referenced nor world-referenced. It seems to be modulated instead by the relationship between the idiotropic vector and physical gravity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f2287e42e4d4a0ba17a7338613afa2d", "input": "Question: Does maslinic acid activate mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway in cardiac carcinoma?\nAnswer: Our data demonstrated that natural compound, MA, suppressed the growth of cardiac carcinoma by inducing apoptosis via the p38 MAPK/mitochondria/caspase pathway. MA and its derivatives may be promising anti-tumor agents for cardiac carcinoma treatment in the future. (Supplemental Figures available here.).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-23b89baa2e364791802f0f6865a4d113", "input": "Question: Does metformin reduce circulating malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein in type 2 diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: These results suggest that increasing the dose of metformin improves serum MDA-LDL levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-81947ddaf931499e858b62601d67978c", "input": "Question: Do [ Comparative analysis of two surgical techniques for controlling nasal width after Le Fort I osteotomy ]?\nAnswer: The surgical technique of ABS is the most important factor for determining the postoperative alar width. Both techniques have better effect on the Sbal-Sbal width control than the G. lat-G. lat and Al-Al width control. Traditional intraoral ABS can more effectively control the alar width. Both techniques cannot completely control the alar base widening after Le Fort I osteotomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b4c8f8808d3642248bcf404967bfa3ad", "input": "Question: Does automated quantification with BRASS reduce equivocal reporting of DaTSCAN ( 123I-FP-CIT ) SPECT studies?\nAnswer: Automated quantification of DaTSCAN studies with BRASS and the use of numerical limits can decrease the number of equivocal reports without affecting report accuracy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d45e737b6cfe40258e0bde1035e77b39", "input": "Question: Does reference range for induced sputum eosinophil counts in Korean adult population?\nAnswer: Current study was the first attempt to determine the reference ranges of induced sputum eosinophils in Korean adults. The cutoff value for sputum eosinophilia was 3.5%, and was significantly associated with atopy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-91eb31a0239a4ede80534a348d0d89d0", "input": "Question: Is indirect foraminal decompression independent of metabolically active facet arthropathy in extreme lateral interbody fusion?\nAnswer: Significant indirect neural decompression is possible in XLIF, regardless of the presence of metabolically active FA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b46f444de1be4715aa6c1a45eeb0d038", "input": "Question: Does the etiology of pectus carinatum involve overgrowth of costal cartilage and undergrowth of ribs?\nAnswer: In patients with symmetric pectus carinatum, the lengths of costal cartilage were longer but the lengths of rib were shorter than those of controls. These findings may supports that the overgrowth of costal cartilage was not the only factor responsible for pectus carinatum.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-24cce75c12ee4810bad9281583d97b55", "input": "Question: Does lycopene treatment of prostate cancer cell lines inhibit adhesion and migration properties of the cells?\nAnswer: This in vitro investigation indicates that lycopene can influence the cell adhesion and migration properties of cancer cells at a dose which is arguably achievable in patients. The results of our study expand our understanding of a chemo preventive role of lycopene in prostate cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4d2eb6ca0a34b44ad1b52a774417e2b", "input": "Question: Are dact genes chordate specific regulators at the intersection of Wnt and Tgf-\u03b2 signaling pathways?\nAnswer: The gnathostome Dact gene family comprises four members, derived from a chordate-specific ancestor. The ability to control Wnt signaling seems to be part of the ancestral repertoire of Dact functions, while the ability to inhibit Tgf\u03b2 signaling and to carry out specialized, ortholog-specific roles may have evolved later. The complement of Dact genes coexpressed in a tissue provides a complex way to fine-tune Wnt and Tgf\u03b2 signaling. Our work provides the basis for future structural and functional studies aimed at unraveling intracellular regulatory networks.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ecd47b80881044d59d8929d49756fc2e", "input": "Question: Are preoperative white matter lesions independent predictors of long-term survival after internal carotid endarterectomy?\nAnswer: WMLs in a preoperative CT scan provide a substantially reliable estimate of postoperative long-term survival of carotid endarterectomy patients independent of currently used criteria, i.e. cardiovascular risk factors, indication category and degree of ipsilateral ICA stenosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a7a252a825d64c0a979c832b2c91487e", "input": "Question: Does l-arginine enhance arginine deiminase induced human lymphoma cell growth inhibition through NF-kBp65 and p53 expression in vitro?\nAnswer: L-arginine enhanced ADI-induced inhibited cell growth through expression of NF-\u03baBp65 and p53 in a dose-dependent manner.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-77b03a3f196943d4b36f8c6b88b1a55e", "input": "Question: Does prolonged erythropoietin treatment impact gene expression in human skeletal muscle?\nAnswer: Erythropoietin is unlikely to exert direct effects in human skeletal muscle due to a lack of Epo-R protein. Furthermore, prolonged ESA treatment does not seem to exert either direct or indirect effects on skeletal muscle gene expression.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2090127b644c400988f72abe00aec209", "input": "Question: Does altered endosome biogenesis in prostate cancer have biomarker potential?\nAnswer: This discovery of altered endosome biogenesis in prostate cancer may lead to novel biomarkers for more precise cancer detection and patient prognosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1bd4189e5f5c456c9b49ddff3f2ff9e5", "input": "Question: Does whole exome sequencing for familial bicuspid aortic valve identify putative variants?\nAnswer: These results suggest that traditional whole exome sequencing approaches, which assume causal variants alter coding sense, may be insufficient for BAV and other complex traits. Identification of disease-associated variants is facilitated by the use of segregation within families.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb0ff5c0c3fb44c5998080a27bb3b7b4", "input": "Question: Are the use of crowdsourcing for dietary self-monitoring : crowdsourced ratings of food pictures comparable to ratings by trained observers?\nAnswer: The findings suggest that crowdsourcing holds potential to provide basic feedback on overall diet quality to users utilizing a low burden approach.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7f76549c87a4a1bad8dda6df3f315aa", "input": "Question: Does the efficacy of Sustained Natural Apophyseal glide with and without Isometric Exercise Training in Non-specific Neck Pain?\nAnswer: Patients with non-specific neck pain treated with SNAGs manual physical therapy techniques and followed by IETP was more effective in reduction of pain and enhancement of function, as compared to those patients treated with SNAGs manual physical therapy techniques alone.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b24f070a4824da094e12df52df3f880", "input": "Question: Is normotopic cortex the major contributor to epilepsy in experimental double cortex?\nAnswer: These results suggest a major role of the normotopic cortex over the band heterotopia in generating interictal epileptiform activity and seizures in brains with SBH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d422ebdce08343b2b70dffaccab69bdf", "input": "Question: Do self-control and parental control mediate the relationship between negative emotions and emotional eating among adolescents?\nAnswer: The results indicate that both self-control and parental control should be considered in designing preventative measures against emotional eating in adolescents. Adolescent self-control training could also assist in preventing emotional eating.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d2a9a368df8b46dbb7f26783daf67741", "input": "Question: Does reference range for serum total and monomeric prolactin for the current generation Abbott Architect assay?\nAnswer: The use of post-PEG monomeric reference ranges not only identifies hyperprolactinaemia due solely to macroprolactinaemia but has the added advantage of identifying patients who have simultaneous true monomeric hyperprolactinaemia and elevated concentrations of macroprolactin.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f7a3ccdcc57488ebb78a9dba5b188d2", "input": "Question: Does cognitive dysfunction associated with fall in progressive supranuclear palsy?\nAnswer: Recurrent falls in patients with PSP were associated mainly with executive and visuospatial dysfunctions, including (1) impaired coordinated alternating uni- and bimanual motor programming and execution, (2) deficit of attention and decision making in the presence of interference, (3) visuospatial misperception and (4) ideomotor apraxia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c74756132d1e4bafb7e407671bbcdffe", "input": "Question: Do rheumatologists lack confidence in their knowledge of cannabinoids pertaining to the management of rheumatic complaints?\nAnswer: Rheumatologists lacked confidence in their knowledge of cannabinoid molecules in general and in their competence to prescribe any cannabinoid for rheumatic complaints. In line with this uncertainty, there is reticence to prescribe cannabinoid preparations for rheumatology patients. Guidance is required to inform rheumatologists on the evidence regarding cannabinoids.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-239ce4a53aec4dc6a5b7b37f70f98244", "input": "Question: Does glucose-regulated protein 58 modulate \u03b2-catenin protein stability in a cervical adenocarcinoma cell line?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that \u03b2-catenin stability is negatively regulated by Grp58 in HeLa cells. Overexpression of Grp58 may be responsible for the loss of or decrease in membranous \u03b2-catenin expression in cervical AD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-41995aba4caf40cd8be06ab2879f771d", "input": "Question: Do age and gender modulate the neural circuitry supporting facial emotion processing in adults with major depressive disorder?\nAnswer: This the first study to report gender- and age-specific differences in emotion processing circuitry in MDD. Gender-differential mechanisms may underlie cognitive-emotional disruption in older adults with MDD. The present findings have implications for improved probes into the heterogeneity of the MDD syndrome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4397399a0e9543b79d536bae3f83f3d5", "input": "Question: Is knee arthroscopic surgery beneficial to middle-aged patients with meniscal symptoms : a prospective , randomised , single-blinded study?\nAnswer: Middle-aged patients with meniscal symptoms may benefit from arthroscopic surgery in addition to a structured exercise programme. Patients' age or symptom history (i.e., mechanical symptoms or acute onset of symptoms) didn't affect the outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-deb2d59b01b648208d99aa720130613b", "input": "Question: Does meniscal transection rather than excision increase pain behavior and structural damage in experimental osteoarthritis in mice?\nAnswer: Meniscal transection rather than resection promotes more severe pain and structural damage in mice. Administration of opioids, cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitors provide analgesia in this model. Careful description of the structures damaged is crucial when reporting experimental osteoarthritis (OA).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5bd7df608e1e47699c0e1ec623617975", "input": "Question: Is bRAF mutation status an independent prognostic factor for resected stage IIIB and IIIC melanoma : implications for melanoma staging and adjuvant therapy?\nAnswer: Patients with BRAF mutations experienced rapid progression of metastatic disease with locoregional recurrence rarely seen in isolation, supporting incorporation of BRAF status into melanoma staging and use of BRAF/MEK inhibitors post-TLND.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cef4800fd93d4523a3ef5f641bde0d47", "input": "Question: Do histological groups of human postpubertal testicular germ cell tumours harbour different genetic alterations?\nAnswer: Occurrence of genetic alterations correlates with clinical behaviour of these tumours and may indicate that such alterations could occur early in the development of seminomas and non-seminomas.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-15324c0a3f5f465483a10aa94499803d", "input": "Question: Does sOX18 expression predict response to platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer?\nAnswer: SOX18 may be a new predictive marker for OC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe8e919c95ca4cf9adbce89b22a136c3", "input": "Question: Does upregulation of ID2 antagonize arsenic trioxide-induced antitumor effects in cancer cells?\nAnswer: A combination of ATO and ID2-targeted agents may have considerable therapeutic benefits in cancers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f1d74b967b2c48e5917cc0d31c847aae", "input": "Question: Does optix define a neuroepithelial compartment in the optic lobe of the Drosophila brain?\nAnswer: We propose that the optic lobe is compartmentalised by expression of Optix and Vsx1. Our findings provide insight into the spatial patterning of a complex region of the brain, and suggest an evolutionarily conserved principle of visual system development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2cd65b619c13460aadf9f6c5473a8f52", "input": "Question: Does directly sampling the lung of a young child with cystic fibrosis reveal diverse microbiota?\nAnswer: These results support the concept that diverse and spatially heterogeneous microbiota, not necessarily dominated by \"traditional CF pathogens,\" are present in the airways of young, symptomatic children with early CF lung disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ba13970d8a994b9594aac12aa54ebc11", "input": "Question: Is high self-perceived exercise exertion before bedtime associated with greater objectively assessed sleep efficiency?\nAnswer: Against expectations and general recommendations for sleep hygiene, high self-perceived exercise exertion before bedtime was associated with better sleep patterns in a sample of healthy young adults. Further studies should also focus on elderly adults and adults suffering from insomnia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cfee98350fe5433fa2c6b56f8f597439", "input": "Question: Do single-base-resolution methylomes of Populus trichocarpa reveal the association between DNA methylation and drought stress?\nAnswer: These findings may provide valuable new insight into our understanding of the interaction between gene expression and methylation of drought responses in Populus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-215e19042e7c4692a11aeede7e1cabbb", "input": "Question: Is s137 phosphorylation of profilin 1 an important signaling event in breast cancer progression?\nAnswer: Previous studies show that profilin could be executing a dual role in cancer by either suppressing or promoting tumorigenesis in a context dependent manner. In this study we demonstrate for the first time that phosphorylation of profilin 1 at serine 137 enhances oncogenic properties in breast cancer cells. Inhibitors targeting profilin 1 phosphorylation directly or indirectly through inhibition of kinases that phosphorylate profilin could be valuable therapeutic agents that can alter its activity and thereby control the progression of cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-34b25b7b80cd42fbaace1ae049219df0", "input": "Question: Is eZH2 associated with malignant behavior in pancreatic IPMN via p27Kip1 downregulation?\nAnswer: EZH2 is associated with the accelerated cell proliferation and malignant step in pancreatic IPMN via the downregulation of p27Kip1.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fea931391bd843858a1f8687f24f0041", "input": "Question: Does methotrexate inhibit NF-\u03baB activity via long intergenic ( noncoding ) RNA-p21 induction?\nAnswer: Our findings support a model whereby depressed levels of lincRNA-p21 in RA contribute to increased NF-\u03baB activity. MTX decreases basal levels of NF-\u03baB activity by increasing lincRNA-p21 levels through a DNA PKcs-dependent mechanism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e46c89eda1b41e5a387349759b6611d", "input": "Question: Is infarct characterization and quantification by delayed enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging a powerful independent and incremental predictor of mortality in patients with advanced ischemic cardiomyopathy?\nAnswer: In advanced ischemic cardiomyopathy, PI% is a powerful independent and incremental predictor of all-cause mortality. Infarct heterogeneity offers substantial further risk stratification when compared with quantification of total myocardial scar % alone even after adjusting for clinical risk factors, end-systolic volume index, mitral regurgitation, incomplete revascularization, and implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d9bc5d158be47989f23e5b3b6b5eac9", "input": "Question: Does elective change of surgeon during the OR day have an operationally negligible impact on turnover time?\nAnswer: The investigated institution averages 2.5 cases per OR per day. The cumulative additional turnover time (far less than one hour per OR per day) for switching surgeons definitely does not allow the addition of another elective procedure if the difference could be eliminated. A flexible scheduling policy allowing surgeon swapping rather than requiring full blocks incurs minimal additional staffed time during the OR day while allowing the schedule to be filled with available elective cases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-04416ab0a179456ba8aaea7f8b386550", "input": "Question: Is esophageal carcinoma cell line with high EGFR polysomy responsive to gefitinib?\nAnswer: We show for the first time a significant treatment response to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib in esophageal tumor cells with a high polysomy for EGFR, suggesting a future role of anti-EGFR therapy for esophageal adenocarcinoma patients with a high EGFR polysomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a466723ce8084dae8497041a610e6c4b", "input": "Question: Does patient trust in physician influence colorectal cancer screening in low-income patients?\nAnswer: After controlling for traditional factors, trust in PCP remained the only significant driver of CRC screening completion in low-income patients. Interventions to promote CRC screening may be improved by including efforts to enhance patient trust in PCP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-110ed58e1a594c13b83e8249ec1e1eea", "input": "Question: Does hyperoxia inhibit nitric oxide treatment effects in alveolar epithelial cells via effects on L-type amino acid transporter-1?\nAnswer: SNO uptake after NO treatment is dependent on LAT1. Hyperoxia impairs SNO uptake and NO effects during NO exposure and impairs LAT system function and LAT1 expression. Effects on SNO formation and transport must be considered for rational optimization of NO-based therapeutics.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ef7153b75e04040a12675edd917fa24", "input": "Question: Does sIRT2 deficiency modulate macrophage polarization and susceptibility to experimental colitis?\nAnswer: These data confirm a protective role for SIRT2 against the development of inflammatory processes, pointing out a potential role for this sirtuin as a suppressor of colitis. In fact, SIRT2 deletion promotes inflammatory responses by increasing NF-\u03baB acetylation and by reducing the M2-associated anti-inflammatory pathway. Finally, we speculate that the activation of SIRT2 may be a potential approach for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e83b23f7ed7422f9a7a5f32f6b27ac5", "input": "Question: Is yttrium-90 radioembolization a safe and effective treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma : a single centre experience of 45 consecutive patients?\nAnswer: Radioembolization with 90Y is a safe and effective treatment for unresectable HCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e27230d002d543e797dae41f42c5c873", "input": "Question: Is a functional synonymous coding variant in the IL1RN gene associated with survival in septic shock?\nAnswer: In European ancestry subjects, the IL1RN variant rs315952C is preferentially transcribed and associated with increased evoked plasma IL1RA and with improved survival from septic shock. It may be that genetically determined IL1RA levels influence survival from septic shock.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5114b2ae828044f2ab61594649280269", "input": "Question: Is plantarflexion moment a contributor to step length after-effect following walking on a split-belt treadmill in individuals with stroke and healthy individuals?\nAnswer: Split-belt treadmills could be useful for restoring step length symmetry in individuals post-stroke who present with a longer paretic step length because the use of this type of intervention increases paretic plantarflexion moments. This intervention might be less recommended for individuals post-stroke with a shorter paretic step length because it reduces the paretic plantarflexion moment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-68a0ee49354646caab93de57afaffb5f", "input": "Question: Does electroacupuncture mediate extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathways in the spinal cord of rats with inflammatory pain?\nAnswer: The present study suggests that EA produces analgesic effect by preventing the activation of ERK1/2-COX-2 pathway and ERK1/2-CREB-NK-1 pathway in CFA rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea255902a0554375ad39fe4a8660e736", "input": "Question: Do metabolite signatures of exercise training in human skeletal muscle relate to mitochondrial remodelling and cardiometabolic fitness?\nAnswer: The metabolic signatures of exercise-trained skeletal muscle reflected reprogramming of mitochondrial function and intermediary metabolism and correlated with changes in cardiometabolic fitness. Succinate metabolism and the succinate dehydrogenase complex emerged as a potential regulatory node that intersects with whole-body insulin sensitivity. This study identifies new avenues for mechanistic research aimed at understanding the health benefits of physical activity. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00200993 and NCT00275145 Funding This work was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (National Institutes of Health), National Institute on Aging (National Institutes of Health) and National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (National Institutes of Health).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e536d41b219c4104a982d3d5aa1b535d", "input": "Question: Does the prognosis of pulmonary metastasectomy depend on the location of the primary colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: Disease-free survival and site of recurrence after pulmonary metastasectomy for colorectal carcinoma are dependent on the site of the primary tumor. Lung metastases from rectal cancer have a worse disease-free survival compared with colon cancer. This may influence treatment and follow-up strategies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1bf4cc7ec9f642ae8b477078adabad61", "input": "Question: Does duodenal-jejunal bypass improve diabetes and liver steatosis via enhanced glucagon-like peptide-1 elicited by bile acids?\nAnswer: Duodenal-jejunal bypass might improve diabetes and liver steatosis by enhancing GLP-1 secretion through increasing serum bile acids and the proliferation of L cells in the ileum, compared with liraglutide.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca1f55716fd54affafe4f1773f40f66e", "input": "Question: Are not all intestinal traumatic injuries the same : a comparison of surgically treated blunt vs. penetrating injuries?\nAnswer: Blunt and penetrating intestinal injury patterns have high injury severity. Significant operative delays occurred in the blunt injury group as well as, anastomotic failures, enteric fistulas, nosocomial infections, and higher cost. These features underscore the complexity of blunt injury patterns and warrant vigilant injury recognition to improve outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6eb083712d434943a60bf5e26aa3eed2", "input": "Question: Does resveratrol induce luminal apoptosis of human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells in three-dimensional culture?\nAnswer: Resveratrol induced apoptosis of HCT116 cells in 3DC, resulting in the formation of a luminal cavity, probably by inhibiting PDE4 activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c23fded4c66748e49f6d3e7a414cf1f6", "input": "Question: Is upper extremity access for fenestrated endovascular aortic aneurysm repair associated with increased morbidity?\nAnswer: Upper extremity access appears to be a safe and feasible approach for patients undergoing FEVAR. Open exposure in the upper extremity may be safer than percutaneous access during FEVAR. Unlike chimney and snorkel grafts, upper extremity access during FEVAR is not associated with an increased risk of stroke, despite the need for multiple visceral vessel stenting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a6723155a21b4a439a936936380ffe80", "input": "Question: Is allelic variation within the S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase gene family associated with wood properties in Chinese white poplar ( Populus tomentosa )?\nAnswer: The present study demonstrates that PtoSAHHs were split off prior to the divergence of interspecies in Populus, and SAHHs may play a key role promoting transmethylation reactions in the secondary cell walls biosynthesis in trees. Hence, our findings provide insights into SAHH function and evolution in woody species and also offer a theoretical basis for marker-aided selection breeding to improve the wood quality of Populus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2fac297f37649f9844705caaf7f40b4", "input": "Question: Does post-weaning diet determine metabolic risk in mice exposed to overnutrition in early life?\nAnswer: These results suggest that post-weaning exposure to a high-fat high-sugar diet has a more profound effect on offspring weight gain and glucose tolerance than exposure to maternal overnutrition. These data emphasise the importance of optimising early life nutrition in offspring of both obese and lean mothers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d97d365611c495ab018f3dac2dcd2ac", "input": "Question: Is activation of dopamine D2 receptor critical for the development of form-deprivation myopia in the C57BL/6 mouse?\nAnswer: Genetic and pharmacological inactivation of D2R attenuates FDM development in mice, suggesting that dopamine acting on D2R appears to promote the development of FDM in C57BL/6 mice. Further studies are required to confirm these results using animal models in which retinal D2R is selectively blocked.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-61058fb393594bdeb431ea1f17924b84", "input": "Question: Is retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury mediated by Toll-like receptor 4 activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that TLR4-signaling activation, triggered by damage-associated molecular patterns, regulates the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasomes and is responsible for the function of the retina in retinal IR injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-884f301bb7b7431c9eada205d23b0400", "input": "Question: Does confocal endomicroscopy show food-associated changes in the intestinal mucosa of patients with irritable bowel syndrome?\nAnswer: Based on CLE analysis of IBS patients with a suspected food intolerance, exposure to candidate food antigens caused immediate breaks, increased intervillous spaces, and increased IELs in the intestinal mucosa. These changes are associated with patient responses to exclusion diets. Registered at clinicaltrials.gov (registration number: NCT01692613).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-583cb0530f6741cfa041daae05a37720", "input": "Question: Are serum cystatin C levels associated with coronary artery disease and its severity?\nAnswer: Elevated serum cystatin C levels were significantly associated with the presence and severity of CAD in patients with normal renal function. It is suggested that cystatin C might play a role in CAD diagnosis and serve as a marker of CAD severity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-10f1e76bb16e4bb5b16b329bf7b645f2", "input": "Question: Are equine mesenchymal stromal cells and embryo-derived stem cells immune privileged in vitro?\nAnswer: Equine MSCs and ESCs possess a degree of innate immune privilege, and MSCs secrete soluble factors that suppress PBMC proliferation and alter cytokine expression. These properties may make possible the future clinical use of allogeneic stem cells to help standardize and broaden the scope of treatment of tissue injuries.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e10a686a8a24c21a176fdacec492ac3", "input": "Question: Do quantitative EEG markers relate to Alzheimer 's disease severity in the Prospective Dementia Registry Austria ( PRODEM )?\nAnswer: Selected QEEG markers show strong associations with AD severity. Both cognitive and resting state should be used for QEEG assessments.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f5036a6b6a9462eae9558947ad286a4", "input": "Question: Does wireless EEG with individualized channel layout enable efficient motor imagery training?\nAnswer: The present study demonstrates that systematic MI practice in an everyday environment with a user-friendly EEG system results in MI learning effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cd0b95b089ce42ad9dac9dfd4aae56fc", "input": "Question: Does transcriptional profiling of peripheral blood in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients identify diagnostic biomarkers?\nAnswer: Peripheral blood gene expression profiling is an useful tool for the diagnosis of PDAC. We present a validated four-gene predictor set (ANKRD22, CLEC4D, VNN1, and IRAK3) that may be useful in PDAC diagnosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5f7f3c6a3264be99f944cec74f66b6a", "input": "Question: Does partial meniscus substitution with a polyurethane scaffold improve outcome after an open-wedge high tibial osteotomy?\nAnswer: Patients with symptomatic varus knees were treated with open-wedge high tibial osteotomies, and a meniscectomy was improved more at short-term follow-up in most of the evaluated functional scores than those patients with concomitant implantation of a medial Actifit(\u00ae) implant. However, there was no difference in terms of patient satisfaction with the procedure. Based on the short-term functional results of this study, no data were provided to support medial meniscal substitution with a polyurethane scaffold when an open-wedge high tibial osteotomy is being performed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-94d4e49e6f2b4b9493a6acdd44d3d2b0", "input": "Question: Is epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ( EMT ) in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm ( IPMN ) associated with high tumor grade and adverse outcomes?\nAnswer: EMT may play a role in IPMN tumorigenesis and metastasis. EMT molecular deregulations could be utilized as potential novel biomarkers for the identification of high-risk IPMN patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b1ad939ba2294f24b2b3b9a7050d3848", "input": "Question: Does glucocorticoid receptor coordinate transcription factor-dominated regulatory network in macrophages?\nAnswer: Pro- and anti-inflammatory stimuli alter the expression of a vast array of transcription factors and chromatin remodelers. By regulating multiple transcription factors, which propagate the initial hormonal signal, GR acts as a coordinating hub in anti-inflammatory responses. As several KLFs promote the anti-inflammatory program in macrophages, we propose that GR and KLFs functionally cooperate to curb inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a06f0cd47744acd959063e5f5e5d1ec", "input": "Question: Is kr\u00fcpple-like factor 5 required for proper maintenance of adult intestinal crypt cellular proliferation?\nAnswer: These results indicate that Klf5 is necessary to maintain adult intestinal crypt proliferation and proper cellular differentiation. Rapid replacement of Klf5-mutant crypts with wildtype cells and reduction of stem cell markers suggests further that Klf5 is required for self renewal of intestinal stem cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-55d0e31b4cab4680b521361359b02010", "input": "Question: Is fOXF1 transcription factor required for formation of embryonic vasculature by regulating VEGF signaling in endothelial cells?\nAnswer: FOXF1 is required for the formation of embryonic vasculature by regulating endothelial genes critical for vascular development and vascular endothelial growth factor signaling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-edb46efa672f4eb99648efcda6975f28", "input": "Question: Does [ Ketamine induce apoptosis of human uroepithelial SV-HUC-1 cells ]?\nAnswer: Ketamine can induce the apoptosis of SV-HUC-1 cells in a dose and time dependent manner.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5fa50c36270e44afbf497ab6c5f7ec77", "input": "Question: Is prior ischemic stroke associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates that, in daily clinical practice, PCI can be provided safely and with good results to patients with a prior ischemic stroke (\u2265 3 months).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe42a70ae8944d4a968c4f2ff37d33aa", "input": "Question: Does the presence of a below-ground neighbour alter within-plant seed size distribution in Phaseolus vulgaris?\nAnswer: Below-ground neighbour presence affects within-plant seed size distribution in P. vulgaris. This effect appears to be non-resource-mediated, i.e. to be independent of neighbour-induced effects on resource availability. It implies that, based on current environmental cues, plants can make an anticipatory adjustment of their investment strategy in offspring as an adaptation to the local environment in the future.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a54301c6294b4e8e92ebb19971e92788", "input": "Question: Does effective blue light photodynamic therapy affect cutaneous langerhans cell number or oxidatively damage DNA?\nAnswer: Customary blue light BASI-ALA-PDT does not affect the LC number or produce oxidative DNA damage, the sequelae of red light PDT responsible for immunosuppression in treated skin.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef6bddf3fc3245ca9d88aed05dae413c", "input": "Question: Is the long head of the biceps tendon a suitable cell source for tendon tissue regeneration?\nAnswer: The TDC of the LHB seems to be the most suitable cell source. Further research is necessary to find out if the results can be transferred to an in vivo model. The new collagen I scaffold seems to offer an opportunity to combine good biocompatibility and mechanical strength.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a7e102a85f87423b992f2bb5483120f4", "input": "Question: Are sleep spindles related to schizotypal personality traits and thalamic glutamine/glutamate in healthy subjects?\nAnswer: The common relationship of sleep spindle density with schizotypy and thalamic Glx levels indicates a neurobiological overlap between nonclinical schizotypy and schizophrenia. Thus, sleep spindle density and magical ideation may reflect the anatomy and efficiency of the thalamo-cortical system that shows pronounced impairment in patients with schizophrenia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fb33c581def8464ab3fdaffe0513dd47", "input": "Question: Is extent of microinvasion in ductal carcinoma in situ associated with sentinel lymph node metastases?\nAnswer: Even with large numbers, there was no higher risk of nodal involvement with \u22652 foci of microinvasion compared with 1 focus. Number of microinvasive foci and results of SLNB appear to be used in decision making for systemic therapy. Prognosis is excellent.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3543040855b6476782218e7c0f150f71", "input": "Question: Does interferon \u03b1-2b gain high sustained response therapy for advanced essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera with JAK2V617F positive mutation?\nAnswer: The data confirmed that IFN \u03b1-2b benefited the patients with ET or PV, particularly for JAK2V617F(+) mutation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-98267b90e45043ecb3c64e57c6b0b59e", "input": "Question: Does evolutionary acquisition of cysteines determine FOXO paralog-specific redox signaling?\nAnswer: IPO7 and IPO8 control the nuclear import of FOXO3, but not FOXO4, in a redox-sensitive and disulfide-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that evolutionary acquisition of cysteines has contributed to regulatory divergence of FOXO paralogs, and that phylogenetic analysis can aid in the identification of cysteines involved in redox signaling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8701c0b386944768a9b4781e83691912", "input": "Question: Is prognostic nutritional index associated with survival after total gastrectomy for patients with gastric cancer?\nAnswer: PNI is associated with postoperative survival of patients undergoing TG for GC and is able to divide such patients into two independent groups before surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cbc78013314d4a16ae0c1508dc95e510", "input": "Question: Does maturation of growth differentiation factor 15 in human placental trophoblast cells depend on the interaction with Matrix Metalloproteinase-26?\nAnswer: This is the first report to demonstrate the physiological function of placental MMP-26 in processing GDF15 and subsequently promoting trophoblast cell apoptosis. These findings expand our understanding of the working mechanism of the metalloproteinase in the process of placentation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1ab8f87dbe9c4064a0d70d96dfb9a42a", "input": "Question: Does a common polymorphism in extracellular superoxide dismutase affect cardiopulmonary disease risk by altering protein distribution?\nAnswer: We conclude that EC-SOD provides optimal protection when localized to the compartment subjected to extracellular oxidative stress: thus, the redistribution of EC-SOD from the lung and pulmonary circulation to the extracellular fluids is beneficial in alveolar lung disease but detrimental in pulmonary vascular disease. These findings account for the discrepant risk associated with R213G in humans with lung diseases compared with cardiovascular diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cbd976e8733f4524808632262d8fc89d", "input": "Question: Does effects of hand gestures on auditory learning of second-language vowel length contrast?\nAnswer: The overall effect of hand gesture on learning of segmental phonology is limited. Implications for theories of hand gesture are discussed in terms of the role it plays at different linguistic levels.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8a954a590edd4cc398b1fa950fd690a2", "input": "Question: Does next-generation sequencing of adrenocortical carcinoma reveal new routes to targeted therapies?\nAnswer: Next-generation sequencing can discover targets of therapy for relapsed and metastatic ACC and shows promise to improve outcomes for this aggressive form of cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-695603113b8847f6a827277d73cb0e5e", "input": "Question: Does upregulation of caveolin-1 contribute to aggravated high-salt diet-induced endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in type 1 diabetic rats?\nAnswer: Impaired endothelial Akt activation and increased cav-1 expression and resultant decreased eNOS activation contributes to aggravated high-salt diet-induced endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in DM rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c499ad91236e46e0a8e1ca1974105d1e", "input": "Question: Does tLR4 activation induce IL-1\u03b2 release via an IPAF dependent but caspase 1/11/8 independent pathway in the lung?\nAnswer: TLR4 activation increases levels of BALF IL-1b/IL-18 via an IPAF dependent and caspase 1/11/8 independent pathway. Furthermore, it would appear that the presence of IL-1a in the BALF is independent of these pathways. This novel data sheds light on innate signalling pathways in the lung that control the production of these key inflammatory cytokines.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9aa400fa010c4cdc8b15a14c5aaa6ed5", "input": "Question: Do extremely cold and hot temperatures increase the risk of diabetes mortality in metropolitan areas of two Chinese cities?\nAnswer: The results indicate that both extremely cold and hot temperatures increase diabetes mortality in different manners in Harbin and Chongqing. Diabetes education programs should include information on either managing or combating the effects of extreme hot and cold weather.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-34ca98ce290a44e0b629e648ee6705a2", "input": "Question: Does tumor-\u03b19\u03b21 integrin-mediated signaling induce breast cancer growth and lymphatic metastasis via the recruitment of cancer-associated fibroblasts?\nAnswer: Tumor \u03b19\u03b21 integrin promotes lymphatic metastasis through enhancing invasion. Tumor \u03b19\u03b21 integrin promotes tumor growth through CAFs. Tumor \u03b19\u03b21 integrin enhances the recruitment of CAFs into the primary tumor. Tumor cells induce the production of OPN by CAFs in the primary tumor. CAF-derived OPN promotes tumor growth.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9ebd2e3d6164956a4b24c85c3f9c1b1", "input": "Question: Are non-targeted transcription factors motifs a systemic component of ChIP-seq datasets?\nAnswer: Based on the zinger regions proximity to cohesin-bound segments, a loading station model is proposed. Further study of zingers will advance understanding of gene regulation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b22cd16452d4a1482b3782019933d77", "input": "Question: Does complex pattern of interaction between in utero hypoxia-ischemia and intra-amniotic inflammation disrupt brain development and motor function?\nAnswer: Prenatal TSHI and TSHI + LPS lead to different patterns of injury with respect to myelination, axon integrity and gait deficits. Dual injury leads to acute alterations in glial response and cellular inflammation, while TSHI alone causes more prominent chronic white matter and axonal injury. Both injuries cause significant gait deficits. Further study will contribute to stratification of injury mechanisms in preterm infants, and guide the use of promising therapeutic interventions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b75a6b5fbb3a422e91476f14bbe57c68", "input": "Question: Does p2Y2 nucleotide receptor mediate arteriogenesis in a murine model of hind limb ischemia?\nAnswer: P2Y2R deficiency does not alter baseline collateral vessel formation but does significantly impair collateral maturation, with resultant persistent limb ischemia despite enhanced angiogenesis. These findings reinforce the importance of arteriogenesis in the recovery of perfusion in ischemic tissues compared with angiogenesis. They also support the role of P2Y2R in mediating this process. The mechanism by which P2Y2R mediates arteriogenesis may involve the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the ischemic tissues, which is essential to arteriogenesis. Approaches to target P2Y2R may yield new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of arterial occlusive disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-08a42997edfb4c438decd1e0e4b49e5e", "input": "Question: Are decreased plasma levels of select very long chain ceramide species associated with the development of nephropathy in type 1 diabetes?\nAnswer: These studies demonstrate, prospectively, that decreased plasma levels of select ceramide species are associated with the development of macroalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f5e3fb4f06743f285ca673226467f01", "input": "Question: Is serum CA 19-9 response to neoadjuvant therapy associated with outcome in pancreatic adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: CA 19-9 response to neoadjuvant therapy is associated with R0 resection rate, histopathologic response, and survival. Incorporation of this easily obtainable biomarker into future clinical trials may facilitate more rapid evaluation of novel regimens.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-55f6bacfc9c14a9db23a323d0555da73", "input": "Question: Does sunitinib mesylate inhibit proliferation of human colonic stromal fibroblasts in vitro and in vivo?\nAnswer: Sunitinib mesylate inhibited the proliferation of primary human colonic fibroblasts through target-inhibited PDGFR signaling in vitro and in vivo.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef08d24830694adeb00cf3da92582e47", "input": "Question: Does sports-related concussion increase the risk of subsequent injury by about 50 % in elite male football players?\nAnswer: Concussion was a risk factor for sustaining subsequent injury within the following year. In-depth medical evaluation, which includes neurological and cognitive assessment, is warranted within the concussion management and return-to- play process.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e4812c2391a43fa9a39d29f5a349778", "input": "Question: Is intracavitary physiotherapy inferior to endometrial scratching in patients with recurrent implantation failure?\nAnswer: Intracavitary physiotherapy is not inferior to endometrial scratching on improving implantation and clinical pregnancy rates in patients with RIF after IVF/ICSI cycles.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-faebcc49615a4192be65ed988c7c4b0d", "input": "Question: Does vaccination against zoster remain effective in older adults who later undergo chemotherapy?\nAnswer: Zoster vaccine continues to protect against HZ if recipients later undergo chemotherapy. Our findings provide an additional rationale for offering zoster vaccine to indicated adults while they are immunocompetent.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-47066dbdc64d462aaeb15111a661c214", "input": "Question: Are obesity-related genomic loci associated with type 2 diabetes in a Han Chinese population?\nAnswer: This study indicates that obesity-related genomic loci were associated with type 2 diabetes and glycemic traits in the Han Chinese population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8888ccc6fe24c7f8f07a2fbd88f0db7", "input": "Question: Does high oxygen partial pressure increase photodynamic effect on HeLa cell lines in the presence of chloraluminium phthalocyanine?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate that the photodynamic effect in cervical cancer cells utilizing ClAlPcS2 significantly depends on oxygen level.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8a75f1809fb4fbea29f831c5703819b", "input": "Question: Is bRAF mutation analysis a valid tool to implement in Lynch syndrome diagnosis in patients classified according to the Bethesda guidelines?\nAnswer: The prevalence of BRAF mutations in CRC patients is not high but extremely correlated with MSI and risk categories as BG, whereas they are absent in LS patients. BRAF mutation detection can reduce the need for MMR gene analysis in a small (but not negligible) proportion of MSI patients (7%), with a positive impact on the financial and psychological costs of unnecessary tests.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-249b96b74ea047749f3fa2d1505fc446", "input": "Question: Do s-aryl-L-cysteine sulphoxides and related organosulphur compounds alter oral biofilm development and AI-2-based cell-cell communication?\nAnswer: Due to the structural similarity of these compounds to each other, and to key molecules in AI-2 biosynthetic pathways, we propose that these molecules potentially reduce biofilm formation via antagonism of QS or QS-related pathways.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3162dae46994108b7c9d28d53e5b812", "input": "Question: Is the covariation between burnout and sick leave due to mental disorders explained by a shared genetic liability : a prospective swedish twin study with a five-year follow-up?\nAnswer: The association between burnout and sick leave due to stress-related and other mental disorders seems to be a reflection of a shared genetic liability.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-67d460608f634e6684628b983b636925", "input": "Question: Does dental anxiety screening practices and self-reported training need among Australian dentists?\nAnswer: The use of formal, validated scales for screening DA is minimal. Training in anxiety management appears to be low and is an area that could be expanded upon.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8a8c1f135d44414185ee6e88c97f0c7d", "input": "Question: Do mental health service use among high school students exposed to interpersonal violence?\nAnswer: Associations between adolescent violence exposure and mental health service contact vary by forms of exposure. Outreach to a broader set of exposed youth may reduce the impact of violence and its consequences for vulnerable students.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a044b1fa8b0c403e84e33fe85d5e8edf", "input": "Question: Does prognostic significance of MSI2 predict unfavorable outcome in adult B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia?\nAnswer: These results confirm the association of MSI2 expression with outcome in adult B-ALL and demonstrate the utility of MSI2 as a clinical prognostic biomarker.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a2dc07bb2fb47cd8b0482f19bcd5487", "input": "Question: Does liver transcript analysis reveal aberrant splicing due to silent and intronic variations in the ABCB11 gene?\nAnswer: ABCB11 liver transcript analysis is a useful tool to confirm or invalidate the predicted splicing effect of a silent or intronic ABCB11 variation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5c35c51f15f24bbca197c2ca5665bc7a", "input": "Question: Are arterial stiffness and pulse wave reflection increased in patients suffering from severe periodontitis?\nAnswer: The results of this study confirm the association between periodontal inflammation and increased cardiovascular risk shown by impaired vascular health in case of severe periodontitis. As impaired vascular health is a common finding in patients suffering from severe periodontal disease a concomitant routine cardiovascular evaluation may be advised.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-21f198381c94467faf83299de36bb23f", "input": "Question: Do somatic ERCC2 mutations correlate with cisplatin sensitivity in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma?\nAnswer: Somatic ERCC2 mutations correlate with complete response to cisplatin-based chemosensitivity in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma, and clinically identified mutations lead to cisplatin sensitivity in vitro. Nucleotide excision repair pathway defects may drive exceptional response to conventional chemotherapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2a2d9b591fea42b7854026ce45ec301c", "input": "Question: Does preoperative anemia increase mortality and postoperative morbidity after cardiac surgery?\nAnswer: In patients undergoing heart surgery, preoperative anemia is associated with an increased risk of mortality and postoperative morbidity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c9fa8a7cb734d75a73b8d647e04812a", "input": "Question: Does vEGFR-1 blockade disrupt peri-implantation decidual angiogenesis and macrophage recruitment?\nAnswer: We found that VEGFR-1 functions in both decidual angiogenesis and macrophage recruitment to the implantation site during pregnancy. VEGFR-1 is expressed by endothelial cells, however blocking VEGFR-1 function in endothelial cells results in reduced macrophage recruitment to the uterus. VEGFR-1 blockade did not compromise the establishment and/or maintenance of pregnancy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09dfef03994b4e01b9dc7f6b22ddc0e8", "input": "Question: Are operating lung volumes affected by exercise mode but not trunk and hip angle during maximal exercise?\nAnswer: Since OLV are altered by exercise mode, but cycling position did not have a significant impact on OLV, we conclude that trunk/hip angle is likely not the primary factor determining OLV during maximal exercise.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8ff40c5abd4472aba36a7511bc81c07", "input": "Question: Does rifaximin suppress background intestinal 18F-FDG uptake on PET/CT scans?\nAnswer: This pilot study shows that treatment with rifaximin for 2 days before PET/CT scanning can significantly reduce physiological F-FDG uptake in the normal colonic lumen.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1db532be95cd48b692ce1966872551d3", "input": "Question: Is [ Venous Access Port Implantation an Ideal Teaching Operation - An Analysis of 1423 Cases ]?\nAnswer: Venous port implantation is a relatively simple procedure despite its possible complications. An open access technique is safer than puncture. The rate of complications significantly decreases with increasing number of performed operations. Therefore venous port implantation and especially the open access method is an ideal teaching operation in a structured surgical training programme.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b44aaba305c34052ad4961f5999ff5d2", "input": "Question: Is minichromosome maintenance protein 7 a risk factor for recurrence in patients with Dukes C colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: We found that the expression of MCM7 is an independent risk factor for RFS in patients with Dukes C colorectal cancer. Further studies are required to investigate the validity of MCM7 protein expression for its potential clinical use in colorectal cancer therapy and prognosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-99bb9cffc7274f9cbc72d4e6f9800b66", "input": "Question: Is obesity associated with a poorer prognosis in women with hormone receptor positive breast cancer?\nAnswer: Moderate to severe obesity is associated with a poorer invasive breast cancer prognosis; this is also true for women with Stage 1 disease, and is independent of age and treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c7b50045cce04c028fdb24b41bf8b489", "input": "Question: Does integrative analysis reveal disease-associated genes and biomarkers for prostate cancer progression?\nAnswer: The successful results on prostate cancer samples demonstrated that the integrative analysis is powerful and useful approach to detect candidate disease-associate genes and modules which can be used as the potential biomarkers for prostate cancer progression. The data, tools and supplementary files for this integrative analysis are deposited at http://www.ibio-cn.org/HPC-PPIN/.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9165d2ce4d654dc8b87f7851321d9e99", "input": "Question: Does choice of non-inferiority ( NI ) margins protect against degradation of treatment effects on an average -- an observational study of registered and published NI trials?\nAnswer: Only two fifths of the current NI trials had a likelihood of degradation lower than 50%, suggesting that, in majority of the NI trials, there is no sufficient protection against degradation on an average. We suggest a third hurdle for the choice of NI margins, thus contributing a sufficient degree of protection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bacb356b898b49f8b287c62afdb8f391", "input": "Question: Do [ Factors influencing the miss rate of polyps in a tandem colonoscopy study ]?\nAnswer: The experience of endoscopists did not have influence on the accuracy of polyp detection. However, the fatigue of endoscopists in the afternoon is considered to render polyp detection less accurate. Also, the large curves and folds of the sigmoid colon are regarded as a reason for the higher miss rate of polyps in the left colon.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d42106a192b4ecb8b7473ea3faea7b4", "input": "Question: Does metal debris concentrations in soft tissues adjacent to loosened femoral stem is higher in uncemented than cemented implants?\nAnswer: In soft tissue around a loosened stem, the concentrations of metal ions from implants are much higher in case of uncemented stems than of cemented ones. Metal ions from vitalium femoral heads were found around uncemented stems in similar values to cemented streams.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5442e718c7d543a6a2afe19472769f02", "input": "Question: Does classification of patients with breast cancer according to Nottingham prognostic index highlight significant differences in immunohistochemical marker expression?\nAnswer: These data confirm that the original, three-tiered NPI statistically correlates with the expression of prognostic immunohistochemical markers in breast carcinoma NST.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0aa37e8f388e4beb99f7364b016bb72c", "input": "Question: Do prior hematologic conditions carry a high morbidity and mortality in patients supported with continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices?\nAnswer: Patients with a history of prior hematologic conditions are at high risk for bleeding, thrombotic and neurologic events during device support, leading to early mortality. This case series questions the benefit of CF-LVAD in these patients and the appropriate management with regard to anti-coagulation. Further studies on the outcomes of these patients are warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab11dc7b89384db8b75e2693697566b4", "input": "Question: Is mRI-detected subclinical joint inflammation associated with radiographic progression?\nAnswer: Radiographic progression was infrequent, but joints with subclinical inflammation had an increased risk of radiographic progression within year 1. This demonstrates the relevance of MRI-detected subclinical inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a4b47f8d3014b808927e6f3cf35f184", "input": "Question: Are repeated dyspnea score and percent FEV1 modest predictors of hospitalization/relapse in patients with acute asthma exacerbation?\nAnswer: The 3-h\u00a0score for %FEV1 and DS performed better than scores at any other time point and better than either parameter over time. The 3-h\u00a0DS had the greatest association with the composite outcome. Neither test was a strong enough predictor to be used solely for this purpose.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b1ee335fbfad4cea8258109bffb7f6ca", "input": "Question: Does mucinous differentiation impact stage or risk of recurrence among patients with grade 1 , endometrioid type , endometrial carcinoma?\nAnswer: In the setting of grade 1, endometrioid type, endometrial carcinoma, mucinous differentiation is more common in older patients and is associated with an increased likelihood of myometrial invasion. However, stage distribution and risk of recurrence are not affected.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f796a3a61a6d4e82bfe5a591016187ba", "input": "Question: Does combined analysis with copy number variation identify risk loci in lung cancer?\nAnswer: Our results further emphasized the importance of copy number variations in cancer and might be a valuable complement to current genome-wide association studies on cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-708d780ff06842ac9e25575f07137d40", "input": "Question: Are potentially traumatic events and serious life stressors prospectively associated with frequency of doctor visits and overnight hospital visits?\nAnswer: Exposure to potentially traumatic events and serious life stressors is associated with increased doctor visits and nights spent in the hospital, which may have important implications for the current standard of care.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1241291b1a9b4e7aab8b034da4987290", "input": "Question: Does whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of multiple individuals reveal complementary roles of promoter and gene body methylation in transcriptional regulation?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that DNA methylation outside promoters also plays critical roles in gene regulation. Future studies on gene regulatory mechanisms and disease-associated differential methylation should pay more attention to DNA methylation at gene bodies and other non-promoter regions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b41f06492cdb42d98d2f0403a4c8efa8", "input": "Question: Is cD64 expression increased in patients with severe acute pancreatitis : clinical significance?\nAnswer: The CD64 level was significantly increased in correlation with the disease severity in SAP and may act as a useful marker for predicting the development of SAP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aec76b3a2dfe4ce1bcd6e1e877c1eaf8", "input": "Question: Does glibenclamide attenuate myocardial injury by lipopolysaccharides in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice?\nAnswer: We conclude that glibenclamide could attenuate myocardial injury induced by LPS challenge in STZ-mice, which was possibly related to inhibiting inflammation through Nalp3 inflammasomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b113c85117049319112ba94c077be94", "input": "Question: Are maternal mRNA expression levels of H19 inversely associated with risk of macrosomia?\nAnswer: The term placental H19 mRNA levels were inversely related to the occurrence of macrosomia. Our findings suggest that the low expression of H19 mRNA may contribute to the development of macrosomia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6c7d5c579c0e4fc3a4bf180a26534bb1", "input": "Question: Is auranofin highly efficacious against Toxoplasma gondii in vitro and in an in vivo experimental model of acute toxoplasmosis?\nAnswer: These results reveal in vitro and in vivo activity of auranofin against T. gondii, suggesting that it may be an effective alternative treatment for toxoplasmosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-040c4efd807347ddae755f154d8428ac", "input": "Question: Does hippocampal laminar distribution of tau relate to Alzheimer 's disease and age of onset?\nAnswer: Phospho-tau pathology, when prominent within both IML and OML, is associated with CERAD diagnosis of Definite AD and earlier age of onset in AD. Laminar patterns of tau deposition reflect regional involvements during disease course.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-221137beebc34eccaa72291056dfdfbc", "input": "Question: Does larger A1/M1 diameter ratio predict embolic anterior cerebral artery territorial stroke?\nAnswer: Larger ipsilateral A1 diameters and A1/M1 diameter ratio are associated with embolic ACAS. These findings suggest that A1 diameters and M1 diameters are important in determining the path of emboli that reach the terminal internal carotid artery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e6bfffca358d47e08431c85d19142d0b", "input": "Question: Does optimal attenuation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by intravenous immunoglobulin require an intact interleukin-11 receptor?\nAnswer: These results implicate IL-11 as an important immune effector of IVIg in the prevention of Th17-mediated autoimmune inflammation during EAE.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d00d0f728ae4cce8499635d7cf4141c", "input": "Question: Does switching from systemic steroids to ciclesonide restore the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis?\nAnswer: Switching from prednisone to very high doses of ciclesonide normalized the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis function and also improved the disease control and the lung function in these 5 patients with difficult asthma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd0de357235647a7a48de6605ed6cf83", "input": "Question: Is autoimmune thyroiditis in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus associated with elevated IgG4 but not with low vitamin D?\nAnswer: There was no difference of vitamin D levels between the groups. Only a small percentage of patients with type 1 diabetes also having autoimmune thyroiditis had elevated serum IgG4 levels, revealing the heterogeneity of autoimmune thyroiditis and existence of IgG4 thyroiditis in the pediatric age group. Total IgG, the other IgG subclasses, and vitamin D levels did not differ in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and type 1 diabetes compared to those suffering only from type 1 diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f99f40df21ee4b2283c6a99969128588", "input": "Question: Do somatic mutations predict poor outcome in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation?\nAnswer: Mutations in TP53, TET2, or DNMT3A identify patients with MDS with shorter OS after HSCT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b2f98cff6cd4cb1927001e0d1de4f86", "input": "Question: Does maternal obesity influence the relationship between location of neonate fat mass and total fat mass?\nAnswer: The relationship between total FM and location of FM is influenced by maternal obesity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a92376cfe6946f59b18ffd6257767b9", "input": "Question: Are cXXC4 mRNA levels associated with clinicopathological parameters and survival of myelodysplastic syndrome patients?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated that the age of patients and levels of CXXC4 mRNA, hemoglobin, and marrow blast associated with survival of MDS patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-16afcc87742c4702bce942670280f1db", "input": "Question: Is weight training harmful for women with breast cancer-related lymphoedema : a systematic review?\nAnswer: Weight training appears to be safe and beneficial in improving limb strength and physical components of quality of life in women with or at risk of lymphoedema. Pressure garments, supervision and limiting the intensity of the weight training may each be important, but this could not be confirmed with this review.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-795bd3ba4671410a9e583d08b3e1e860", "input": "Question: Is insulin sensitivity an important determinant of renal health in adolescents with type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: A significant proportion of adolescents with type 2 diabetes showed evidence of early DN, and insulin sensitivity, rather than HbA1c, blood pressure, or lipid control, was the strongest determinant of renal health.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c8c67235e5f54cd29f52e65a468d1528", "input": "Question: Are falling insulin requirements associated with adverse obstetric outcomes in women with preexisting diabetes?\nAnswer: Falling insulin requirements, in women with preexisting diabetes, are associated with an increased risk of complications related to placental dysfunction. Further prospective studies are needed to guide clinical management.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5354a73b439244d490329a6287872bda", "input": "Question: Do miRNAs affect the expression of innate and adaptive immunity proteins in celiac disease?\nAnswer: miRNA expression is significantly altered in duodenal mucosa of CD patients, and this alteration can increase the expression of molecules involved in immune response.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-967483ce0dae4a9ea863099115236e1c", "input": "Question: Is the BDNF Val ( 66 ) Met polymorphism associated with escitalopram response in depressed patients?\nAnswer: These findings highlight a significant association between the BDNF valine to methionine substitution (Val(66)Met) polymorphism and the treatment response to escitalopram in a Caucasian population of severely depressed inpatients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9f220bec98e4ca58b81fe6e3950b715", "input": "Question: Does subthalamic deep brain stimulation improve auditory sensory gating deficit in Parkinson 's disease?\nAnswer: This differential treatment effect suggests a divergent mode of action of levodopa and STN-DBS on auditory processing.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-93b062e632264432a2047f1d9872c0d2", "input": "Question: Does ropivacaine attenuate endotoxin plus hyperinflation-mediated acute lung injury via inhibition of early-onset Src-dependent signaling?\nAnswer: Ropivacaine may be a promising therapeutic agent for treating the cause of pulmonary edema by blocking inflammatory Src signaling, ICAM-1 expression, leukocyte infiltration, and vascular hyperpermeability.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-037351c52e374b69b5aa17b6b4de3b3c", "input": "Question: Do exosomes participate in the alteration of muscle homeostasis during lipid-induced insulin resistance in mice?\nAnswer: Exosomes act as 'paracrine-like' signals and modify muscle homeostasis during high-fat diets.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e38ad52f72b489b8ed392e36cc43ead", "input": "Question: Does iL-12 regulate B7-H1 expression in ovarian cancer-associated macrophages by effects on NF-\u03baB signalling?\nAnswer: IL-12 upregulates the expression of B7-H1 in monocyte-derived macrophages, which is possible though inducing the secretion of IFN-\u03b3 and further activating the NF-\u03baB signal pathway. However, IL-12 downregulates the expression of B7-H1 in THP-1-derived macrophages, associated with a lack of IFN-\u03b3 and inhibition of expression of IL-10.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-87231ab5228f4f16a216f751e7901780", "input": "Question: Does vitamin A-enriched diet modulate reverse cholesterol transport in hypercholesterolemic obese rats of the WNIN/Ob strain?\nAnswer: Chronic feeding of a vitamin A-enriched diet in hypercholesterolemic obese rats normalizes the plasma HDL-C level and presumably improves RCT, with an effective dose of 52 mg/kg diet. Further studies should focus on the pharmacological potential of vitamin A supplementation to correct an abnormal human obesity-associated lipoprotein metabolism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a4917e99aeb942ad8533332c2a01302b", "input": "Question: Do pre-admission clinical factors affect length of stay in the epilepsy monitoring unit?\nAnswer: Pre-admission clinical variables may predict EMU LOS. These factors could be used at the administrative level for maximum EMU resource utilization.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-da16b2204cca4e62a939d80a7b901b7e", "input": "Question: Does transcriptional profiling of Arabidopsis root hairs and pollen define an apical cell growth signature?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that maintaining apical growth mechanisms synchronized with energy yielding might require a combinatorial network of transcriptional regulation. We propose that this study should constitute the foundation for further genetic and physiological dissection of the mechanisms underlying apical growth of plant cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-58bac89a11624be192d6cf572d3d52b5", "input": "Question: Are complaints of sleep disturbances associated with cardiovascular disease : results from the Gutenberg Health Study?\nAnswer: Given the high prevalence of complaints of sleep disturbances and their strong impact on health status, increased efforts should be undertaken for their identification and treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac52cfc062eb4bd3978ea6d433e18137", "input": "Question: Does hLA and KIR genotyping correlate with relapse after T-cell-replete haploidentical transplantation in chronic myeloid leukaemia patients?\nAnswer: This study suggests that the presence of class I ligands for the donor-activating or donor-inhibitory KIR gene in the recipient might confer some protection against leukaemic relapse in T-cell-replete haploidentical transplantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f2e6662c0ea34a4ba8deedce3885287f", "input": "Question: Does dasatinib worsen the effect of cetuximab in combination with fractionated radiotherapy in FaDu- and A431-derived xenografted tumours?\nAnswer: In xenografts derived from these two cell lines, dasatinib did not improve the efficacy of cetuximab combined with radiotherapy. On the contrary, it worsened tumour control achieved by the combination of these two treatments.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-80bebaea86af45288f05b7c257d0fa92", "input": "Question: Does serum glycated albumin predict the progression of diabetic retinopathy -- a five year retrospective longitudinal study?\nAnswer: The presence of DR at baseline, poor glycemic control, glycated albumin, and impaired renal function predicted DR progression in patients with type 2 diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d6040558adc48d6b51548f3acc277df", "input": "Question: Is dexamethasone diffusion across contact lenses inhibited by Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms in vitro?\nAnswer: The results of this in vitro study demonstrate that bacterial biofilms impede dexamethasone diffusion through silicone hydrogel contact lenses and warrant future studies regarding the clinical benefit of using ocular therapeutics in the setting of bandage contact lens use for corneal epithelial defects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0a4c12ac825c4dc2be389391436a1451", "input": "Question: Does metastasis-associated protein ribosomal RNA processing 1 homolog B ( RRP1B ) modulate metastasis through regulation of histone methylation?\nAnswer: RRP1B, a breast cancer metastasis suppressor, regulates gene expression through heterochromatinization and transcriptional repression, which helps our understanding of mechanisms that drive prognostic gene expression in human breast cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-057f64e779ad49c090022a2f75b73692", "input": "Question: Does enhancing the detection of barcoded read in high throughput DNA sequencing data by controlling the false discovery rate?\nAnswer: Our method offers a proper quantitative treatment of the problem of detecting barcoded reads in a noisy sequencing environment. It is based on the false discovery rate statistics that allows a proper trade-off between sensitivity and precision to be chosen.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ea980cb107a4458becf5ecc7f1da09a", "input": "Question: Does hydrogen peroxide elicit constriction of skeletal muscle arterioles by activating the arachidonic acid pathway?\nAnswer: These data suggest that H2O2 activates the endothelial Src kinase/PLC/PKC/PLA pathway, ultimately leading to the synthesis and release of TXA2 by COX-1, thereby increasing the Ca(2+) sensitivity of the vascular smooth muscle cells and eliciting constriction in rat skeletal muscle arterioles.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-76955dee459e4b938be031c6f8da02f4", "input": "Question: Does smoking cessation reverse DNA double-strand breaks in human mononuclear cells?\nAnswer: Smoking induces DSBs in human MNCs in vivo, and importantly, smoking cessation for 1 month resulted in a decrease in DSBs to a level comparable to that seen in non-smokers. These data reinforce the notion that the cigarette smoking induces DSBs and highlight the importance of smoking cessation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3204a5a898984aa88ddbac7a006ca8b2", "input": "Question: Do aging and alcohol interact to alter hepatic DNA hydroxymethylation?\nAnswer: The observation that alcohol alters DNA hydroxymethylation indicates a new epigenetic effect of alcohol. This is the first study demonstrating the interactive effects of chronic alcohol consumption and aging on DNA hydroxymethylation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-792f0d97178542fa9f082dde5af128ea", "input": "Question: Is chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency associated with chronic venous disorders : A case-control study?\nAnswer: We found no association of CCSVI with the presence of CVD or family history of varicose veins.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e91b278d40ac4606bd6115dd47a77c98", "input": "Question: Does cigarette smoke condensate inhibit collagen gel contraction and prostaglandin E2 production in human gingival fibroblasts?\nAnswer: CSC may alter the capacity of gingival fibroblasts to remodel and contract a collagen matrix. Inhibition of PGE(2) production and alterations of actin stress fibers in these cells may impair proper tissue maturation during wound healing in smokers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5080eeb7a7ae473691e5408cba0e8ab3", "input": "Question: Does meta-analysis show that infants who have suffered neonatal sepsis face an increased risk of mortality and severe complications?\nAnswer: Infants who have suffered neonatal sepsis face an increased risk of mortality and severe complications such as brain damage and, or, neurodevelopmental delay.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3bc4b9f7db8c431fa8b719098bc455e0", "input": "Question: Does mast cell deficiency exacerbate inflammatory bowel symptoms in interleukin-10-deficient mice?\nAnswer: Mast cell deficiency in IL-10-deficient mice resulted in systematic and gut inflammation, impaired gut barrier function, and severer Th1-mediated colitis when compared to mice with only IL-10-deficiency. Inflammation and impaired gut epithelial barrier function likely form a vicious cycle to worsen colitis in the DKO mice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4bb0d8c54e574ac08b7ac23e4dc4018e", "input": "Question: Does stathmin destabilizing microtubule dynamics promote malignant potential in cancer cells by epithelial-mesenchymal transition?\nAnswer: We propose that there is a stathmin-microtubule dynamics-EMT (S-M-E) axis during cancer development. By this axis, stathmin together with its microtubule-destabilizing activity contributes to EMT, which stimulates the malignant potential in cancer cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5eaf96b7602a46129c1812360364381a", "input": "Question: Is baseline diabetic knowledge after 5-day teaching program an independent predictor of subclinical macroangiopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes ( Poznan Prospective Study )?\nAnswer: Baseline diabetic knowledge after 5-day teaching program is an independent predictor of subclinical macroangiopathy in patients with DM1.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-04711cbaf34c4e82a1f327cdd4b07e1b", "input": "Question: Is a trabecular plate-like phenotype overrepresented in Chinese-American versus Caucasian women?\nAnswer: Using extreme phenotype selection, we defined a plate- and rod-like trabecular bone phenotype for the TPR ratio trait. The former phenotype is more common in Chinese-American women, while the latter is more typical of Caucasian women. The robustness of these phenotypic associations after controlling for differences in constitution and lifestyle suggest that the TPR ratio may have a genetic basis and that the extreme phenotypes defined in this analysis can be utilized for future studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-27f9532508a84b04a3878ea0801b6512", "input": "Question: Do cadmium-induced ethylene production and responses in Arabidopsis thaliana rely on ACS2 and ACS6 gene expression?\nAnswer: Cadmium induced the biosynthesis of ACC and ethylene in Arabidopsis thaliana plants mainly via the increased expression of ACS2 and ACS6. This was confirmed in the acs2-1acs6-1 double knockout mutants, which showed a decreased ethylene production, positively affecting leaf biomass and resulting in a delayed induction of ethylene responsive gene expressions without significant differences in Cd contents between wild-type and mutant plants.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ef248b04a2b4616910ed08d320f7680", "input": "Question: Does environmental enrichment restore cognitive deficits induced by experimental childhood meningitis?\nAnswer: The data presented suggest that EE, a non-invasive therapy, enables recovery from memory deficits caused by neonatal meningitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-248b3f526b434c6e8f7a80d0bdd03fa5", "input": "Question: Does proper timing of adjuvant chemotherapy affect survival in patients with stage 2 and 3 gastric cancer?\nAnswer: There is insufficient evidence to suggest starting adjuvant chemotherapy within 4 weeks after surgery for patients with D2 resected stage 2 and 3 gastric cancer. However, delayed treatment of adjuvant chemotherapy after 8 weeks showed worse survival outcomes than early and intermediate treatment initiation, suggesting that adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered start within 8 weeks after radical resection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-958eac5de2f64d538aeeec2ee0737750", "input": "Question: Does dexmedetomidine inhibit inducible nitric oxide synthase in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia by suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase?\nAnswer: Dexmedetomidine attenuates NO and iNOS accumulation by inhibiting extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in both BV2 cells and primary microglial cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f9bd58378d644f03a53fdc7db83b348f", "input": "Question: Does lung-targeted RNA interference against angiopoietin-2 ameliorate multiple organ dysfunction and death in sepsis?\nAnswer: The Tie2 antagonist angiopoietin-2 represents a promising target against sepsis-associated multiple organ dysfunction. A novel RNA interference therapeutic approach targeting gene expression in the pulmonary endothelium could be a clinically relevant pharmacological strategy to reduce injurious angiopoietin-2 synthesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1306b70ca6c043829698b206429520e9", "input": "Question: Does a Rb1 promoter variant with reduced activity contribute to osteosarcoma susceptibility in irradiated mice?\nAnswer: This is the first experimental demonstration of a functional and genetic link between reduced Rb1 expression from a common promoter variant and increased tumor risk after radiation exposure. We propose that a reduced Rb1 expression by common variants in regulatory regions can modify the risk for a malignant transformation of bone cells after radiation exposure.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a40fdd24e61942908ef563c8c0d89064", "input": "Question: Does androgen receptor expression in male breast cancer predict inferior outcome and poor response to tamoxifen treatment?\nAnswer: AR expression correlates strongly with both OS and DFS in patients with MBC. AR-positive patients can predict a poorer clinical outcome than AR-negative patients after adjuvant tamoxifen therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-69b55916b65b4ccdadddcf9e5885ab39", "input": "Question: Does nerve ultrasound depict peripheral nerve enlargement in patients with genetically distinct Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease?\nAnswer: Nerve US may aid in differentiating among the subtypes of CMT in combination with NCS. In CMT1A, the median nerve CSA correlates with the disease severity and peripheral nerve function.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd7ff04240544c67b80bfe2855a33294", "input": "Question: Does \u03b4Np63\u03b1 enhance the oncogenic phenotype of osteosarcoma cells by inducing the expression of GLI2?\nAnswer: Here, we report that GLI2 is the novel target gene of \u0394Np63\u03b1 and that \u0394Np63\u03b1-GLI2 crosstalk in osteosarcoma cells is a necessary event in osteosarcoma progression. Defining the exact mechanisms involved in this interaction that mediate the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma promises to identify targets for drug therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-933d9679196a4406a23b839005da3e50", "input": "Question: Is single cell segmental aneuploidy detection compromised by S phase?\nAnswer: The results demonstrate that the accuracy to detect segmental chromosomal imbalances is reduced in S-phase cells, which could be a source of misdiagnosis in PGD. Hence, the cell cycle phase of the analyzed cell is of great importance and should be taken into account during the analysis. This knowledge may guide future technological improvements.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-132a8b08e0624cc39025e19374799dc9", "input": "Question: Is pPAR\u03b32 Pro12Ala polymorphism associated with sustained virological response in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients under HCV therapy?\nAnswer: The presence of PPAR\u03b32 rs1801282 G allele (Ala variant) was associated with increased odds for achieving SVR in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients on HCV treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d50bf23e96134c0f81a2543341c34d3a", "input": "Question: Does cyclosporine-inhibitable cerebral drug transport influence clinical methadone pharmacodynamics?\nAnswer: Cyclosporine did not affect methadone pharmacodynamics. This result does not support a role for cyclosporine-inhibitable transporters mediating methadone brain access and biodistribution.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad2a2f5320a548d7acecdbf4ca08cc69", "input": "Question: Do surgeons often underestimate the amount of blood loss in replacement surgeries?\nAnswer: This study has shown that using clinical estimation alone to guide blood transfusion is inadequate. In this study, 70% of patients had their blood loss underestimated, proving that surgeons often underestimate blood loss in replacement surgeries.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6932ebf22fe84dcab0a1203d280b7c72", "input": "Question: Does pharmacological modulation of autophagy enhance Newcastle disease virus-mediated oncolysis in drug-resistant lung cancer cells?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate that combination treatment with autophagy modulators is an effective strategy to augment the therapeutic activity of NDV/FMW against drug-resistant lung cancers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-17fcd87eb9b7472090ad50126c19f641", "input": "Question: Do [ Effectiveness of a suture bridge technique for repair of quadriceps tendon rupture in uraemic patients ]?\nAnswer: For fewer traumas and early functional exercise after operation, the suture bridge technique benefits functional restoration of knee joint in uraemic patients. Operation chance and age seem to be important factors to the results. Early operation should be considered when quadriceps tendon ruptured.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff928b145c21481fb210ea463a3616b2", "input": "Question: Is ischemic cardiomyopathy associated with coronary plaque progression and higher event rate in patients after cardiac transplantation?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrates that ischemic etiology of cardiomyopathy prior to HTx may be independently associated with plaque progression and higher event rate after HTx.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-becf90ee791743c596df9d185449cdd7", "input": "Question: Is smoking a perioperative risk factor and prognostic factor for lung cancer surgery?\nAnswer: Smokers with lung cancer tended to have advanced lung cancer, impaired pulmonary function, and high morbidity after lung cancer surgery. Although multivariate analysis did not show that smoking was associated with poor outcome, non-smokers had significantly better overall survival, even for patients with stage IA lung cancers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-10222f77c9f04a19874816ed5648a3dc", "input": "Question: Does bacterial CagA protein induce degradation of p53 protein in a p14ARF-dependent manner?\nAnswer: Our results provide novel evidence that tumorigenicity associated with H. pylori infection is linked to inhibition of p53 protein by CagA. We propose a model in which CagA-induced degradation of p53 protein is determined by a relative level of p14ARF. In cells in which p14ARF levels were decreased due to hypermethylation or deletion of the p14ARF gene, H. pylori efficiently degraded p53, whereas p53 is protected in cells expressing high levels of p14ARF.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e05958f79372422ab67ffe1b4051acab", "input": "Question: Does intestinal epithelial vitamin D receptor deletion lead to defective autophagy in colitis?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrates fundamental relationship between VDR, autophagy and gut microbial assemblage that is essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, but also in contributing to the pathophysiology of IBD. These insights can be leveraged to define therapeutic targets for restoring VDR expression and function.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0dfc448754d34da199e0500537e3e2be", "input": "Question: Does fatigue correlate with the decrease in parasympathetic sinus modulation induced by a cognitive challenge?\nAnswer: The methods described here are useful for assessing the association between fatigue sensation and autonomic nerve activity using a brief cognitive test in healthy females.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b588565a47c48b8b125700fb2451f22", "input": "Question: Does one size fit all : cardiovascular health disparities as a function of ethnicity in Asian-American women?\nAnswer: Modifiable CVD risk factor profiles significantly differed as a function of ethnicity supporting the premise that Asian-American women cannot be categorized as one group and the traditional \"one size fits all\" prevention or treatment of CVD risk factors should be re-considered.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-734f4a1e5794444e8d54304a64eaa6f7", "input": "Question: Does cT angiography spot sign in intracerebral hemorrhage predict active bleeding during surgery?\nAnswer: The CTA spot sign is associated with more intraoperative bleeding, more postoperative rebleeding, and larger residual ICH volumes in patients undergoing hematoma evacuation for spontaneous ICH. The spot sign may therefore be useful to select patients for future surgical trials.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a291ffaf90c14f2c81130e0a0a4cc527", "input": "Question: Does bi-level CPAP improve gas exchange when compared with conventional CPAP for the treatment of neonates recovering from respiratory distress syndrome?\nAnswer: At similar mean airway pressures, SiPAP does not improve CO2 removal, oxygenation or other studied physiological parameters with the exception of mean blood pressure, which was not clinically significant.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ca57b8dc7c446aba55504c2bda4d572", "input": "Question: Is high plasma levels of high mobility group box 1 associated with the risk of sepsis in severe blunt chest trauma patients : a prospective cohort study?\nAnswer: Plasma HMGB1 levels were significantly elevated in patients with severe blunt chest trauma. HMGB1 levels were associated with the risk of poor outcome in patients with severe blunt chest trauma. Daily HMGB1 levels measurements is a potential useful tool in the early identification of post-trauma complications. Further studies are needed to determine whether HMGB1 intervention could prevent the development of sepsis and MODS in patients with severe blunt chest trauma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-75de4455e97b4ea09756e1d5fac3dfe7", "input": "Question: Does the RNA editing enzyme APOBEC1 induce somatic mutations and a compatible mutational signature is present in esophageal adenocarcinomas?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that the ability of APOBEC1 to trigger genetic alterations represents a major layer in its oncogenic potential. Such APOBEC1-induced mutator phenotypes could play a role in the onset of esophageal adenocarcinomas. APOBEC1 could be involved in cancer promotion at the very early stages of carcinogenesis, as it is highly expressed in Barrett's esophagus, a condition often associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-106c2c2a70384aac974cb4a500277e04", "input": "Question: Are suboptimal breastfeeding practices associated with infant illness in Vietnam?\nAnswer: Early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding protects against diarrhea and ARI. Results confirm that interventions to improve early and exclusive breastfeeding would contribute to improving child health and nutrition in Vietnam.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d3ea53a717e4df590e77a9b59d81969", "input": "Question: Does prevalence and trigger of allergic rhinitis in the United Arab Emirates?\nAnswer: At least 7% of the studied population had allergic rhinitis. Most (71%) of these patients had environmental triggers and remained untreated. Allergic rhinitis awareness and measures to control allergens and dust are needed. The impact of preventing allergic rhinitis on other common atopies in the region deserves future studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff0e7dee5a584910b2a03bf19c017b60", "input": "Question: Is the level of specialist assessment of adult asthma influenced by patient age?\nAnswer: A lower level of diagnostic assessment was observed already after the age of 35 years, indicating a risk for under diagnosis of asthma at an earlier patient age than previously thought.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b13396ca94b4475085866181b9ef5f32", "input": "Question: Does polarization of the vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase delineate a transition to high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm lesions?\nAnswer: The v-ATPase regulates Wnt/\u03b2-catenin and EGF receptor signaling in PanINs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c46cdb920564baf88bac8cff989bb20", "input": "Question: Is sleep disturbance after fracture related to emotional well-being rather than functional result?\nAnswer: At 12-month follow-up, poor sleep was independently associated with poor emotional status but not associated with poor functional status. The mental health status of patients with sleep difficulty in the latter stages of fracture healing should be carefully assessed to provide the highest level of care. The results of this study should allow orthopaedic trauma surgeons to counsel patients regarding expectations of difficulty sleeping after acute fractures.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4bd3c18f6d4a4898a31692e4d90c2081", "input": "Question: Is serum vitamin D associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese males with normal weight and liver enzymes?\nAnswer: The present study demonstrated that serum 25(OH)D3 levels were inversely associated with NAFLD, even in subjects with normal total body fat, suggesting a potential role of lower levels of vitamin D in the occurrence and development of NAFLD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a986c0079f5a4b539f0e0084706c72bc", "input": "Question: Do efficacy of newly formulated ointment containing 20 % active antimicrobial honey in treatment of burn wound infections?\nAnswer: Newly formulated ointment containing 20% active antimicrobial honey is more effective and low-cost alternative preparation for the treatment of burn wound infections.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d70fb93b04854bceb448231a2b0e901f", "input": "Question: Does histologic evaluation of in vivo femtosecond laser-generated capsulotomies reveal a potential cause for radial capsular tears?\nAnswer: Femtosecond laser can perform a capsulotomy with high reliability. In comparison to a highly experienced cataract surgeon, the achieved results in size are similar. In terms of circularity, the femtosecond laser was superior the manual procedure. Better refractive outcomes based on a 360\u00b0-degree optic overlap seem to be possible, especially for less experienced surgeons.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-45d9f8bbf7d64f60901260bf8696ea60", "input": "Question: Do pilot study of glaucoma drainage implant surgery supplemented with reticulated hyaluronic acid gel in severe glaucoma?\nAnswer: In eyes with severe glaucoma, the intraoperative application of crosslinked sodium HA gel may improve the efficacy of GDI surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd4d737d54d54499a00a15a73ac628e2", "input": "Question: Are differences in otosclerotic and normal human stapedial osteoblast properties normalized by alendronate in vitro?\nAnswer: OSO cultures displayed properties of hypermineralization due to decreased osteopontin (OPN) and also had increased RANKL/OPG, which were normalized by alendronate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e7268088aafd40719cf00ef8f98b8c8f", "input": "Question: Does morphine attenuate testosterone response to central injection of kisspeptin in male rats?\nAnswer: Morphine and kisspeptin systems may interact with each other to control the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd5c93db365946e2b1143914122b853c", "input": "Question: Does prediction of Thorough QT study result using action potential simulations based on ion channel screens?\nAnswer: This study provides a proof-of-principle for the prediction of human TQT study results using data available early in drug development. We highlight a number of areas that need refinement to improve the method's predictive power, but the results suggest that such approaches will provide a useful tool in cardiac safety assessment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c9fbe7bb2af411ea2b17cdea0abab8b", "input": "Question: Is the altered mononuclear cell-derived cytokine response to glucose ingestion regulated by excess adiposity in polycystic ovary syndrome?\nAnswer: Women with PCOS fail to suppress MNC-derived cytokine release in response to glucose ingestion, and this response is independent of excess adiposity. Nevertheless, a similar response is also a feature of obesity per se. Circulating MNC and excess adipose tissue are separate and distinct sources of inflammation in this population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b13a52626a3b4dd384c7bf327c216d2c", "input": "Question: Is crohn 's disease but not diverticulitis an independent risk factor for surgical site infections in colectomy?\nAnswer: For patients undergoing segmental colectomy in the NSQIP data set, statistically significant increases in SSI are seen in CD, but not DD, when compared to CC, thus confirming CD as an independent risk factor for SSI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0887e8340ede42d482c6885a37c0a008", "input": "Question: Do dopamine D1 and corticotrophin-releasing hormone type-2\u03b1 receptors assemble into functionally interacting complexes in living cells?\nAnswer: D1 and CRF2 \u03b1 receptors are capable of heterodimerization in living cells. D1 /CRF2 \u03b1 receptor heteromerization might account, at least in part, for the complex physiological interactions established between dopamine and CRH in normal and pathological conditions such as addiction, representing a new potential pharmacological target.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e864c03f73f84c49af5ba7f541083993", "input": "Question: Is increased Hs-CRP/adiponectin ratio associated with increase carotid intima-media thickness?\nAnswer: Hs-CRP/APN ratio was a useful predictor to discriminate subjects who were at increased risk of atherosclerosis progression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-948b4883c6eb4f9c96c515fcafe7b60e", "input": "Question: Is fluorescence in situ hybridization on peripheral-blood specimens a reliable method to evaluate cytogenetic response in chronic myeloid leukemia?\nAnswer: Our results confirmed that FISH is a sensitive technique for the evaluation of response to treatment in patients with CML. Moreover, our study suggests that follow-up of cytogenetic response to therapy can be evaluated on peripheral-blood specimens, thus enabling an easier and more frequent evaluation of patients. The next step will be to evaluate this technique in a large prospective trial to define the prognostic value of complete remissions evaluated by FISH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bfdc64fcb63641b1bb259dc92a27a465", "input": "Question: Does hypersensitivity or development of antibodies to asparaginase impact treatment outcome of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia?\nAnswer: In this setting, in which most patients with allergy were switched to another preparation, there was no adverse prognostic impact of clinical or subclinical allergy to asparaginase.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3a50dfce1a974077934c42be144300e1", "input": "Question: Is vinorelbine an effective and safe drug for AIDS-related Kaposi 's sarcoma : results of a phase II study?\nAnswer: Vinorelbine is safe and effective in the treatment of patients with advanced KS who have been previously treated with one or more chemotherapy regimens.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-47c961e47fb04af4acfe71681e277032", "input": "Question: Do serum testosterone levels decrease in middle age in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome?\nAnswer: Hyperandrogenism partly resolves before menopause in women with PCOS. This change may explain the tendency of women with PCOS to cycle regularly as they grow older. Testosterone levels remain elevated in older women with PCOS, however, and may contribute to their increased risk for cardiovascular disease, endometrial cancer, and other diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-56e45bcfaf234c52ac1d53869b779a1b", "input": "Question: Does androgen excess contribute to altered growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis in nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome?\nAnswer: Impaired somatotrophic axis caused by a defect in central dopaminergic activity may be responsible for severe anovulation in these women with PCOS, which could be reversed by removing excessive androgens with OWR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a00b1d1bc6e24366a1cc6809284eb3fb", "input": "Question: Is detection of micrometastatic prostate cancer cells in the lymph nodes by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction predictive of biochemical recurrence in pathological stage T2 prostate cancer?\nAnswer: Nested RT-PCR of the lymph nodes may be a useful pretreatment prognostic test for patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Further research is necessary using a much larger number of patients with a longer followup.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-486e917d8d0448f9ba68be54dc1712ab", "input": "Question: Is low-dose aprotinin ineffective to treat excessive bleeding after cardiopulmonary bypass?\nAnswer: Routine administration of low-dose aprotinin as part of the treatment protocol to control hemorrhage after CPB does not reduce bleeding or transfusion requirements and, therefore, cannot be recommended.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ffd10e5f31640d0bc1c724495ba09ac", "input": "Question: Does ischemic preconditioning protect against paraplegia after transient aortic occlusion in the rat?\nAnswer: A rat model of spinal cord ischemia demonstrating both delayed paraplegia and transient ischemic dysfunction was characterized. Both 2-minute and 5-minute periods of IPC were found to protect against paraplegia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e015a54359164fcfa03912021147815b", "input": "Question: Does diclofenac premedication but not intra-articular ropivacaine alleviate pain following day-case knee arthroscopy?\nAnswer: Diclofenac premedication p.o. reduced the VAS scores at eight hours postoperatively while intra-articular ropivacaine did not.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2cc7710180a0474cbe82a67c7bb4d9ce", "input": "Question: Does advancement of the mandible facilitate nasal breathing in human subjects sedated with midazolam?\nAnswer: Advancement of the mandible decreases nasal resistance, thereby facilitating spontaneous breathing through the nasal route in normal humans sedated with midazolam.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e289960d4840448a859093358796772a", "input": "Question: Does aCE-inhibition promote apoptosis after balloon injury of rat carotid arteries?\nAnswer: Captopril inhibits neointimal formation in the rat model of arterial injury by mechanisms involving induction of VSMC apoptosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-39df554e4def434ab498cd23e8368b60", "input": "Question: Are adenylate cyclase and potassium channels involved in forskolin- and 1,9-dideoxyforskolin-induced inhibition of pregnant rat uterus contractility?\nAnswer: Activation of adenylate cyclases, as well as adenosine triphosphate-dependent potassium channels and, to a greater extent, calcium-dependent potassium channels, is involved in the inhibitory effect of forskolin in uterine rings from rats at 16 days of gestation. Inhibition of uterine contractions by 1,9-dideoxyforskolin is less than that by forskolin and involves activation of adenylate cyclase and calcium-dependent potassium channels. Whether activation of guanylate cyclase is involved in the effect of the agents on calcium-dependent potassium channels needs further investigation. 1, 9-Dideoxyforskolin is not an inactive isomer of forskolin in rat uterine rings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cca1a616086646e4aaa6f6e84b9c9ef1", "input": "Question: Is hHV-8 ( KSHV ) associated with bacillary angiomatosis?\nAnswer: HHV-8 was not demonstrated in the lesions of bacillary angiomatosis and therefore does not appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of this pseudoneoplastic angioproliferative disorder. This finding might be useful in the distinction of bacillary angiomatosis from Kaposi's sarcoma, because lesions from patients with Kaposi's sarcoma almost always contains HHV-8 DNA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff57ad93730645fdae7af56cff23c70c", "input": "Question: Is postischemic attenuation of cerebral artery reactivity increased in the presence of tissue plasminogen activator?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate that both ischemia and rtPA perfusion diminish cerebral artery reactivity and that the combination may produce an additive effect. This impaired reactivity may contribute to reperfusion-induced injury during or after thrombolysis by altering upstream cerebrovascular resistance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-386db9f2a944454cb5a515da41f4a7f2", "input": "Question: Do atypical bronchopulmonary carcinoids show a tendency toward increased apoptotic and proliferative activity?\nAnswer: This study suggests that the extent of apoptosis in bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors is low. This, together with a low proliferation rate and an apparent absence of p53 mutation, enables a benign growth pattern. Some atypical carcinoids with enhanced apoptosis are associated with shortened survival, clearly deviating from typical carcinoids.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f1650bd30c14b69853ae50940150d04", "input": "Question: Is terlipressin more effective in decreasing variceal pressure than portal pressure in cirrhotic patients?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that terlipressin produces significant and prolonged decreases in variceal pressure and variceal wall tension and has intrinsic effects on portal pressure and systemic hemodynamics. Variceal pressure provides a better assessment of the effects of terlipressin administration on esophageal varices than hepatic venous pressure gradient.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8a5dda0ffd7b4eee9cd0062dfa5799c4", "input": "Question: Does hyperbaric oxygen therapy affect recovery from delayed onset muscle soreness?\nAnswer: These results indicate that HBOT is not an effective therapy for the treatment of DOMS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-10bc1d824e2f45989d37b4b79d2f1e3f", "input": "Question: Does localized airway anesthesia with lidocaine partially suppress cardiovascular responses To lung inflation?\nAnswer: Localized airway anesthesia with lidocaine is unlikely to suppress the cardiovascular responses to lung inflation. This suggests that a limited number of neurogenic mechanisms are involved in the cardiovascular responses to lung inflation in anesthetized humans.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-612437ab5fa944af8d8385f3309cd926", "input": "Question: Does local somatothermal stimulation inhibit motility of the internal anal sphincter through nitrergic neural release of nitric oxide?\nAnswer: Local somatothermal stimulation inhibits internal anal sphincter motility through the activation of nonadrenergic noncholinergic neural release of nitric oxide. This procedure may represent a simplified approach for the treatment of anorectal diseases with hypofunction of the L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway. [Key words: Local somatothermal stimulation; Nitric oxide; Internal anal sphincter; Motility; Moxibustion] Jiang J-K, Chiu J-H, Lin J-K. Local somatothermal stimulation inhibits motility of the internal anal sphincter through nitrergic neural release of nitric oxide.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b4693dafe0145e09e4e952dc0293486", "input": "Question: Does oligomeric but not monomeric silica prevent aluminum absorption in humans?\nAnswer: The oligomeric, high-aluminum-affinity form of soluble silica reduces aluminum availability from the human gastrointestinal tract. Its potential role in the amelioration of aluminum toxicity in other biological systems requires attention.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9829a1ff13647799a86f118b055c5e7", "input": "Question: Do repeated ECS and fluoxetine administration have equivalent effects on hippocampal synaptic plasticity?\nAnswer: Given that fluoxetine and rECS share antidepressant properties, but differ in their effects on learning and memory, we propose that the common effects on dentate connectivity and synaptic plasticity described here are more likely to relate to affective rather than cognitive function. This result is consistent with other experiments showing that a reduction in dentate connectivity correlates with stress susceptibility in animals.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cc847c4939244831b464858824a2a0b2", "input": "Question: Does collagen-to-smooth muscle ratio help prediction of prognosis after pyeloplasty?\nAnswer: Since our data represent an objective and quantitative parameter associated with ureteropelvic junction obstruction, we believe that our findings may help to predict the prognosis after pyeloplasty.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e412bf5197f4b6ea2f85406270e7c30", "input": "Question: Does celiprolol augment the effect of physical exercise on insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels in chronic heart failure?\nAnswer: Insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels may be favorably affected by exercise training in subjects with mild-to-moderate CHF. Celiprolol, a vasodilating beta1- selective adrenoceptor antagonist, potentiates this effect.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2db19eb564204cc1861f5d173e8d5be9", "input": "Question: Is plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mRNA localized in the ciliary epithelium of the rodent eye?\nAnswer: During development, PAI-1 is likely to be involved in retina vascularization, in agreement with other cases of angiogenesis. Results for the adult eye indicate that the ciliary epithelium is the source for PAI-1 activity found in the aqueous humor. The results suggest that PAI-1 plays a role in balancing fibrinolysis and proteolysis specifically in the anterior segment of the eye, implying that PAI-1 overproduction in the ciliary epithelium could shift the balance against proteolysis and thus may interfere with aqueous outflow.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8a992fa002874966805e02db301eba7d", "input": "Question: Does cholestanol induce apoptosis of corneal endothelial and lens epithelial cells?\nAnswer: In vitro, cholestanol was taken up by corneal endothelial cells and lens epithelial cells, an event that led to apoptosis of these cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4ac34eb9cc614e9f8db05c2177e7db2f", "input": "Question: Do conjunctival fibroblasts enhance the survival and functional activity of peripheral blood eosinophils in vitro?\nAnswer: Human conjunctival fibroblasts induced prolonged survival and increased secretory function of human peripheral blood eosinophils. Increased survival is partially mediated by IL-3, IL-5, and GM-CSF. The coculture of conjunctival fibroblasts with eosinophils can serve as an in vitro system for the study of eosinophil behavior in the ocular surface and of cellular interactions in allergic eye diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf50b150580d4f278208ff91619da41e", "input": "Question: Does screening women with a family history of breast cancer -- result from the British Familial Breast Cancer Group?\nAnswer: This study provides evidence to suggest that screening young women with a significant family history of breast cancer is effective and that a survival benefit can be expected. As a result the British Familial Breast Cancer Group proposes a co-ordinated prospective observational study.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee1f349680384e0ea30ab190317ea897", "input": "Question: Is methotrexate steroid sparing in acute sarcoidosis : results of a double blind , randomized trial?\nAnswer: Methotrexate can be a steroid sparing agent in acute sarcoidosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-995a0198ad6d4670828524b979a8bfc6", "input": "Question: Do analysis of the effects of the continuous electrode paste band on precordial leads of the electrocardiogram?\nAnswer: Application of a continuous electrode paste band in the precordial leads may cause significant alterations in the electrocardiographic tracing obtained.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6915a82b83084a93b13be06933d2e2a1", "input": "Question: Does major surgery increase serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor only temporarily?\nAnswer: Even major surgery is associated only with a slight and transient increase in S-VEGF levels, and, therefore, is unlikely to interfere markedly with the use of VEGF as a prognostic marker.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-338a92ee15e04043a64c3dd8953a3cea", "input": "Question: Does lactoferrin protect against UV-B irradiation-induced corneal epithelial damage in rats?\nAnswer: These results suggest that the presence of lactoferrin in human tear fluid may inhibit UV-induced corneal epithelial damage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0f548d97bc15402fadfcf7eea7aa32f0", "input": "Question: Is serum interleukin-10 but not interleukin-6 related to clinical outcome in patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma?\nAnswer: In patients with HCC, the preoperative serum IL-10 level is related to the clinical outcome. IL-10 may play an important role in the progression of HCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-06e92f4549b841e1abe28af72918790f", "input": "Question: Does baculovirus vector require electrostatic interactions including heparan sulfate for efficient gene transfer in mammalian cells?\nAnswer: Electrostatic charges play a critical role during the first step in mammalian cell transduction mediated by a recombinant baculovirus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-771198423da34e22aea1617329f8403f", "input": "Question: Do vasoactive agents modulate migration of monocytes across glomerular endothelial cells?\nAnswer: Vasoactive agents directly modulate the transmigration of monocytes. The present in vitro study provides a basis for a hypothesis that vasoactive agents may also be modulating the migration of monocytes across the glomerular endothelial cell layer (into the mesangium).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9b4450e47314a389c11289af8bce315", "input": "Question: Does [ Thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer decrease after vitreous surgery for idiopathic macular hole ]?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates that the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer decreases at least one month after surgery, even in cases without visual field defect. This fact may suggest the existence of a subclinical complication of vitreous surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2aa8ce087d514160ac34a011287047a8", "input": "Question: Do systemic estrogens have no conclusive beneficial effect on human skin connective tissue?\nAnswer: Accordingly, several studies have been accomplished, in which hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been used in order to prevent skin aging at or after the menopause. In this overview the results of previous studies, and a study done recently, are critically reviewed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0a4593168f564800b5d5cd14f8100b3d", "input": "Question: Does biologically variable pulsation improve jugular venous oxygen saturation during rewarming?\nAnswer: Computer-controlled BVP resulted in significantly greater SjvO2 during rewarming from hypothermic CPB. Both mean and cumulative area under the curve for SjvO2 less than 50% exceeded a ratio of 20 to 1 for CP versus BVP. Cerebral oxygenation is better preserved during rewarming from moderate hypothermia with bypass that returns biological variability to the flow pattern.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5b56173f80134d22af69f86654382748", "input": "Question: Are outcomes after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin affected by substaging of high grade T1 transitional cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: Substaging of T1 tumors did not affect response to BCG in regard to recurrence or progression. Therefore, intravesical BCG is effective for stages T1a and T1b disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fbba54e6ea9140a8b6b698422f1b0a2a", "input": "Question: Is altered synaptic transmission in the hippocampus of the castrated male mouse reversed by testosterone replacement?\nAnswer: Suppression of PPF and impairment of the potentiation by PBS in CA1 hippocampal neurons was observed in castrated male mice and these changes were reversed by testosterone injection. These findings suggest that altered synaptic transmission in the castrated male mouse is caused by disturbance of inhibitory neuronal networks that are influenced by testosterone.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf66d69dc3bc428a9597351736a22c69", "input": "Question: Does magnesium sulfate potentiate morphine antinociception at the spinal level?\nAnswer: Magnesium sulfate potentiates morphine analgesia when coadministered intrathecally in normal rats, and in an animal model of mechanical allodynia after a surgical incision. These results suggest that intrathecal administration of magnesium sulfate may be a useful adjunct to spinal morphine analgesia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-44796b90edca4ab6a98f601fd4fc482b", "input": "Question: Does hyperthermia prevent metabolic and cerebral flow responses to hypoxia in the fetal sheep?\nAnswer: When temperature of the fetal sheep is elevated, as may occur with maternal fever, prolonged exercise, and elevated environmental temperatures, the fetal brain is less well protected against hypoxic injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-279367d61eda4e5a9eaca2ac7338bfb2", "input": "Question: Are cD44-9v and CD44-10v potential molecular markers for squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva?\nAnswer: Our findings warrant larger multi-institutional studies to determine the potential of CD44-9v and CD44-10v as molecular markers of disease recurrence in vulvar carcinoma. We propose to test the use of anti-CD44-9v monoclonal antibody for radioimmunoimaging of occult LN metastases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-523d4d209b4c472c846025123b490141", "input": "Question: Does cytokine gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells reflect a systemic immune response in alcoholic chronic pancreatitis?\nAnswer: The enhanced gene expression of TNFR-p75, TNFR-p55 and TNF-alpha in unstimulated PBMC demonstrates an enhanced leucocyte activation in patients with late-stage chronic pancreatitis and suggests a pathogenetic role of the cytotoxic TNF-alpha pathway in the clinical features of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis. The pathogenetic role of nitric oxide in chronic pancreatitis remains to be fully elucidated.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6152269a874d4923b2095ca94b370c6b", "input": "Question: Does the endothelin antagonist bosentan improve survival in severe experimental pancreatitis in rats?\nAnswer: Therapy with the mixed endothelin A and endothelin B receptor antagonist bosentan does not influence the outcome after severe experimental pancreatitis. Therefore, blockade of endothelin A and B receptor subtypes may not be of major importance as a therapeutic principle in this model of experimental pancreatitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3344f367ff534cd398807a2905f2f5be", "input": "Question: Does ursodeoxycholic acid reduce expression of heat shock proteins in primary biliary cirrhosis?\nAnswer: The present data suggest that BECs and hepatocytes significantly express HSPs even in the early stages of PBC, and that UDCA treatment significantly improves their condition. The immunohistochemical evaluation of HSPs is a valid and sensitive means to identify injured cells in PBC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d0c9b09d5fc444c9796f39fc9a13df9", "input": "Question: Is long-term estrogen replacement therapy associated with improved exercise capacity in postmenopausal women without known coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: Estrogen replacement therapy is associated with increased exercise capacity as measured by MVO (2) and anaerobic threshold in postmenopausal women without coronary artery disease. This finding is consistent with the beneficial effect of short-term estrogen administration on improved endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d7628e3e6c74a98bef3fa1e965cf1fd", "input": "Question: Does exocrine contamination of isolated islets of Langerhans deteriorate the process of revascularization after free transplantation?\nAnswer: These findings support the view that exocrine tissue contamination is detrimental for the process of angiogenesis and vascularization of freely transplanted pancreatic islets when grafted to a confined site such as striated muscle tissue.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c24f1c9f0d04a48b2b674b2f2a2faa6", "input": "Question: Does a surface-bound form of human C1 esterase inhibitor improve xenograft rejection?\nAnswer: The results suggest that the surface-bound form of C1-INH represents a good candidate as a safeguard against hyperacute rejection of xenografts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8155439a00b451f8ac9a420a70d264c", "input": "Question: Does blocking the CD28-B7 T-cell costimulatory pathway abrogate the development of obliterative bronchiolitis in a murine heterotopic airway model?\nAnswer: We demonstrated that the development of obliterative bronchiolitis in a murine heterotopic airway model involves both CD28/B7-dependent and -independent processes. The luminal obliteration by fibrous tissue is clearly CD28/B7 dependent and can be inhibited by CTLA4IgG. The luminal obliteration of allografted trachea by fibrous tissues and the loss of ciliated columnar respiratory epithelial cells represent distinct disease processes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b0156a61ecb4e4c82c9d0f18bd4ef50", "input": "Question: Does coating of coverslips with glow-discharged carbon promote cell attachment and spreading probably due to carboxylic groups?\nAnswer: All cell lines showed a rapid adhesion on carbon-coated coverslips. With fibroblasts we found the carbon coating to be superior to other coatings tested, mainly because the carbon did not influence cell morphology. Using synchronized or irradiated cells produced similar results. The superior performance of carbon coating is probably due to carboxylic groups on the glow-discharged carbon layer. The carbon layer does not interfere with microscopy or immunocytochemical staining procedures.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3483c69145e84625af95385943b247de", "input": "Question: Do k-ras mutations appear in the premalignant phase of both microsatellite stable and unstable endometrial carcinogenesis?\nAnswer: K-ras mutation occurs in both premalignant microsatellite stable and unstable endometrial neoplasia, sometimes before acquisition of features readily diagnostic as atypical endometrial hyperplasia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c58da52834e041e78e149c3234e7731e", "input": "Question: Does naked plasmid-mediated gene transfer to skeletal muscle ameliorate diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: Skeletal muscle is a potentially useful platform for ectopic secretion of insulin using naked plasmid as a gene transfer vector. Injection at two sites 14 days before the onset of severe hyperglycemia is optimal. This approach could protect Type I diabetics from fatal ketoacidosis and enhance the action of agents that sensitize tissues to insulin in type II diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e3411478ea3840e19eb93a1bd6eb802a", "input": "Question: Do athymic nude rats develop severe pulmonary hypertension following monocrotaline administration?\nAnswer: Athymic nude rats developed severer PH than euthymic rats along with a greater number of mast cells and severer histopathological changes, such as thickening of the alveolar wall. Mast cell proliferation was considered to play a pivotal role in the development of PH in MCT-PH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-72ded721e74c4f258f361a7efe7dfdd8", "input": "Question: Do allergens of Epicoccum nigrum grown in different media for quality source material?\nAnswer: The day-13 culture of EN in SBY was the most potent and may be selected for preparing EN extracts for diagnosis of allergy and future studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a132ed8c923d42019bfb0b932dca5e62", "input": "Question: Do event-related brain potentials distinguish processing stages involved in face perception and recognition?\nAnswer: While the N170 reflects the pre-categorical structural encoding of faces, the 'N400f' and 'P600f' are likely to indicate subsequent processes involved in face recognition. Impaired structural encoding can result in the disruption of face identification. This is illustrated by a neuropsychological case study, demonstrating the absence of the N170 and later ERP indicators of face recognition in a prosopagnosic patient.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d768735c4d8641c4b5bf7045073db319", "input": "Question: Are spinally elicited peripheral nerve responses sensory rather than motor?\nAnswer: Spinally elicited peripheral nerve responses are primarily sensory rather than motor and are mediated by the same neural pathways as SEPs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b977b6ae42ad4ef9b413cba7782dc991", "input": "Question: Do scanning laser densitometry and color perimetry demonstrate reduced photopigment density and sensitivity in two patients with retinal degeneration?\nAnswer: Scanning laser densitometry with a modified Rodenstock SLO is a useful method to assess the human photopigment distribution. Densitometry results were confirmed by dark adapted two color static perimetry. Photopigment distribution and retinal sensitivity profiles can be measured with high spatial resolution. This may help to measure exactly the temporal development of retinal diseases and to test the success of different therapeutic treatments. Both methods have limitations at the present state of development. However, some of these limitations can be overcome by further improving the instruments.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a466ac7880a34904b6ffd61fda7bd920", "input": "Question: Does anterior lumbar fusion improve discogenic pain at levels of prior posterolateral fusion?\nAnswer: Low back pain that continues or recurs after apparently solid posterolateral spinal fusion may be caused by painful disc(s) at motion segment(s) within the fusion. A solid posterolateral spinal fusion may not protect the residual disc(s) from injury. Anterior interbody fusion can provide significant improvements in pain and function and a high degree of patient satisfaction in this clinical setting.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d212c41a63eb45a394ee661c7e2c467d", "input": "Question: Does sudden and unexpected loading generate high forces on the lumbar spine?\nAnswer: Sudden and alarming events associated with manual handling cause a reflex overreaction of the back muscles, which substantially increases spine compressive loading. Manual handling regulations should aim to prevent such events and limit the weight of objects to be lifted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-57f56055b12a42c79ec43359be2ea71c", "input": "Question: Does glucose uptake increase relative to oxygen consumption during short-term hibernation?\nAnswer: In this model of short-term hibernation, glucose and lactate uptake increase relative to oxygen consumption during sustained ischemia, and temporally coincide with the recovery of bioenergetics. The findings are consistent with the notion that glycolytically derived ATP is important for the maintainance of energy supply during sustained ischemia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9db568e1d1364957addc932ddc1334d8", "input": "Question: Does histologic evidence that basic fibroblast growth factor enhance the angiogenic effects of transmyocardial laser revascularization?\nAnswer: On a histologic basis, basic fibroblast growth factor further enhances angiogenesis following TMR in ischemic myocardium mainly by increasing the size but not the total number of vessels.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2556f846f035465485f95aac4feb2fb3", "input": "Question: Is the endogenous pathway a major route for deep sternal wound infection?\nAnswer: The determination of the endogenous pathway for severe wound infection makes prevention possible by means of preoperative local S. aureus eradication.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-403c130078e5411b939bac8fa6f8d3ee", "input": "Question: Does closure of the zone of apposition at correction of complete atrioventricular septal defect improve outcome?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates the advantage of closing the zone of apposition ('cleft') as part of repair of complete atrioventricular septal defect. Survival, freedom from reoperation for left atrioventricular valve incompetence and over-all outcome were more favourable in patients of group II. The zone of apposition should be surgically addressed whenever the morphology of the left atrioventricular valve allows for closure without producing stenosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec7d83e1c8234cd48841f0c4845518d6", "input": "Question: Are normohomocysteinaemia and vitamin-treated hyperhomocysteinaemia associated with similar risks of cardiovascular events in patients with premature atherothrombotic cerebrovascular disease . A prospective cohort study?\nAnswer: These data are consistent with a protective effect of treatment with vitamin B(6) plus folic acid in patients with premature atherothrombotic cerebrovascular disease and post-methionine HHC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-574f50e932214a6a9139d242746d4392", "input": "Question: Are cerebrospinal fluid corticotropin-releasing hormone levels elevated in monkeys with patterns of brain activity associated with fearful temperament?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that, in primates, the fearful endophenotype is characterized by increased fearful behavior, a specific pattern of frontal electrical activity, increased pituitary-adrenal activity, and increased activity of brain CRH systems. Data from other preclinical studies suggests that the increased brain CRH activity may underlie the behavioral and physiological characteristics of fearful endophenotype.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a78ae8d4f744116a734110af089a4ca", "input": "Question: Does phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate induce actin-based movement of raft-enriched vesicles through WASP-Arp2/3?\nAnswer: Sphingolipid-cholesterol rafts are preferred platforms for membrane-linked actin polymerization. This is mediated by in situ PIP(2) synthesis and tyrosine kinase signaling through the WASP-Arp2/3 pathway. Actin comets may provide a novel mechanism for raft-dependent vesicle transport and apical membrane trafficking.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-30c3f75acb494bb8b039aedd61a2741b", "input": "Question: Does bone mineral density vary as a function of the rate of joint space narrowing in the hip?\nAnswer: Patients with a rapid rate of JSN of the asymptomatic hip after unilateral THR are characterized by elevated local and remote BMD. The local elevation in BMD implies that increased local bone density may contribute to or serve as a marker for increased risk of development of OA (assuming that JSN can be used as a predictive marker). The presence of elevated BMD in the spine suggests that there are systemic as well as local aspects of OA pathogenesis, at least in patients with one THR and rapid JSN in the contralateral hip.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6f8bdc9c722848738199a9e310a0c985", "input": "Question: Do increased levels of GALbeta1-4GLCNACalpha2-6 sialyltransferase pretransplant predict delayed graft function in kidney transplant recipients?\nAnswer: ST6GalI levels are high in renal failure patients awaiting a renal transplant and may be a risk factor for the development of delayed graft function. The assessment and perhaps modulation of a potential transplant recipient's ST6GalI systemic level may be beneficial.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-756c336eabe14cf9ae885031c8f21f5a", "input": "Question: Does keratinocyte growth factor induced epithelial proliferation facilitate retroviral-mediated gene transfer to distal lung epithelia in vivo?\nAnswer: KGF transiently stimulates epithelial proliferation in vivo, facilitating MuLV-based gene transfer. Retroviral vectors may encounter multiple barriers which have evolved to defend the lung from infections.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ceda32bab36240848aae83bb5a86d804", "input": "Question: Is hSP expression in human leukocytes modulated by endurance exercise?\nAnswer: Strenuous exercise increased HSP expression in blood immediately after the run, indicating a protective function of HSP in leukocytes of athletes to maintain function after heavy exercise. The downregulation of HSP-positive cells in trained athletes at rest seems to be a result of adaptation mechanisms to regular endurance training.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-76eda89d2a2348ebb1c2bbddc44e6256", "input": "Question: Does vitamin E regulate changes in tissue antioxidants induced by fish oil and acute exercise?\nAnswer: Vitamin E supplementation markedly decreased fish oil induced antioxidant enzyme activities in all tissues. Sparing of glutathione may be an important mechanism by which vitamin E decreased tissue protein oxidative damage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-14aff456db2948fb84e952fe7713b080", "input": "Question: Is parvovirus B19 associated with benign testes as well as testicular germ cell tumours?\nAnswer: This confirms the presence of parvovirus B19 in a proportion of germ cell tumours; however, in one patient, the virus was widespread in the tissue components and not confined to tumour cells. In addition, the virus was present in control benign testes. These data suggest that B19 might not be of aetiological importance in germ cell tumours of testis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-64805d32e8464077896c782114e58a1b", "input": "Question: Do activation conditions determine susceptibility of murine primary T-lymphocytes to retroviral infection?\nAnswer: We establish conditions that enable efficient retroviral-mediated gene transfer in murine primary T-lymphocytes. T-lymphocytes are not uniformly susceptible to retroviral infection depending on the mode of T-cell activation. These findings have implications for devising approaches to the study of T-cell biology, adoptive cell therapies, and the pathophysiology of retroviral diseases in mouse models.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-28e555c73b964ad6bb343f6e9fe973ab", "input": "Question: Is l-NMMA ( a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor ) effective in the treatment of cardiogenic shock?\nAnswer: L-NMMA administration in patients with cardiogenic shock is safe and has favorable clinical and hemodynamic effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8bf4001e6bbd4625ac40445f1e91a692", "input": "Question: Are monocytes from systemic lupus erythematous patients severely altered in phenotype and lineage flexibility?\nAnswer: Monocytes from SLE patients are severely altered in phenotype and function and have a limited differentiation flexibility towards the accessory type of monocytic cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-caeca780867e4675b28d8b10bf34607e", "input": "Question: Is prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in urine of male patients with ankylosing spondylitis increased?\nAnswer: The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infections, as detected by commercially available DNA amplification assays in urine specimens, in AS patients is not higher compared with male controls of the same age. However, there seems to be an association between specific antibodies to C trachomatis and AAU.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3d3ff9f0ab54ebeb77613af7efacb6e", "input": "Question: Does in vivo gene transfer of endothelial nitric oxide synthase to carotid arteries from hypercholesterolemic rabbits enhance endothelium-dependent relaxations?\nAnswer: Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of eNOS to carotid arteries of cholesterol-fed animals improves endothelium-dependent relaxation when an optimal viral titer is administered.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5aaf4090662463584965d0ead3d71d6", "input": "Question: Does acute carotid occlusion alter the activation flow coupling response to forepaw stimulation in a rat model?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that temporal characteristics of functional activation responses are sensitive to alterations in the proximal arterial supply and, conversely, that functional activation studies must be interpreted with consideration of proximal arterial disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-596de93ff96a445aa5251e28329f5006", "input": "Question: Does kupffer cell depletion by CI2MDP-liposomes alter hepatic cytokine expression and delays liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy?\nAnswer: We conclude that KCs are important for hepatocyte regeneration after PH. Delayed liver regeneration in KC-depleted rats can be explained, at least in part, by an imbalanced hepatic cytokine expression, thereby suppressing important growth-stimulating cytokines.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3b0695cdc62465a8decea28b4dec46d", "input": "Question: Are leg muscle reflexes mediated by cutaneous A-beta fibres normal during gait in reflex sympathetic dystrophy?\nAnswer: In the acute phase of RSD of the lower extremity there is no evidence for abnormal A-beta fibre-mediated reflexes or for defective regulation of such reflexes. This finding has implications for both the theory on RSD pathophysiology and RSD models, which are based on abnormal functioning of A-beta fibres.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0a7da2d0a14348a5a1b36c3fd715d95e", "input": "Question: Does helicobacter pylori induce apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells through inducible nitric oxide?\nAnswer: These findings suggested that viable H. pylori induces apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells via nitric oxide. Our study indicated that iNOS expression plays an important role in gastric cell injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b79b1c132a5c40288fdfb41c5149cd45", "input": "Question: Does immunotherapy prevent recurrent abortion without influencing natural killer receptor status?\nAnswer: The allo-human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-stimulation caused by the immunotherapy for recurrent aborters did not affect the expression of NK receptors and the ratio of KARs to KIRs regardless of the outcome of subsequent pregnancies, suggesting that recurrent aborters may benefit from the immunotherapy through mechanisms unrelated to alteration in NK receptor status.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-44005cb24fcf4370a407b53ea28017b3", "input": "Question: Is improvement in left ventricular function in response to carvedilol accompanied by attenuation of neurohumoral activation in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy?\nAnswer: The improvement in EF with carvedilol therapy was proved to be accompanied by an improvement in neurohumoral factors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d17afbd1ec8c416694cceb92a79ff763", "input": "Question: Does anterior cervical plating reverse load transfer through multilevel strut-grafts?\nAnswer: Anterior multilevel cervical plating effectively increases stiffness and decreases local cervical motion after corpectomy. However, anterior cervical plating also reverses graft loads and excessively loads the graft in extension, which may promote pistoning and failure of multilevel constructs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c037adc0a0514d938982ae441f0d7027", "input": "Question: Is benefits of magnesium in acute myocardial infarction : timing crucial?\nAnswer: The serum magnesium levels in patients with AMI were lower compared with controls. The administration of intravenous magnesium to patients in the immediate postinfarction period is cardioprotective and decreases the incidence of arrhythmia, pump dysfunction, and death. Thus intravenous magnesium is a safe, effective, and inexpensive modality of treatment in AMI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0253d557e63d4ac699772f4a7cae289c", "input": "Question: Does synovial fluid glycosaminoglycan concentration correlate with severity of chondropathy or predict progression of osteoarthritis in a canine cruciate deficiency model?\nAnswer: SF concentration of a cartilage derived molecule is unlikely to predict the course of cartilage damage in an OA joint over time or in response to treatment with a potential disease modifying OA drug.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb72719eba594e53b8476aef7e302fb4", "input": "Question: Is ultradian rapid cycling in prepubertal and early adolescent bipolarity in transmission disequilibrium with val/met COMT alleles?\nAnswer: The lack of linkage disequilibrium between l-COMT and ultradian rapid cycling in the PEA-BP sample compared to reported findings of an association in case-control studies of adults is discussed in terms of age-specific developmentally relevant phenotypes, anticipatory mechanisms, and heterogeneity. Repeat TDT analyses after these PEA-BP probands reach their adult phenotypes will be informative.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-26d425ddb91a4dd7a755c4eb64789a24", "input": "Question: Does human chorionic gonadotropin with C-elongated alpha-subunit retain full receptor binding and partial agonist activity?\nAnswer: The extension of alpha by itself does not lead to inhibition of the alphabeta heterodimer to LH receptors but the structure of the extension appears to play an important role. It is thus possible that one-chain hCG chimeras with the beta N-terminus fused to the alpha C-terminus might be active.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae0afe13797f4d27b1ccab93762c0693", "input": "Question: Does mycophenolic acid-induced GTP depletion also affect ATP and pyrimidine synthesis in mitogen-stimulated primary human T-lymphocytes?\nAnswer: MPA affects pyrimidine as well as purine responses to mitogens in T-lymphocytes, but not in an integrated way. The molecular mechanisms underlying these disproportionate changes can best be explained by MPA-related inhibition of amidophosphoribosyltransferase, catalysing the first step in purine biosynthesis. This would increase phosphoribosylpyrophosphate availability, thereby stimulating UTP biosynthesis. Such imbalances, coupled with ATP-depletion, could underlie reported side effects and might be overcome by appropriate combination therapies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab96b6ab9c1542ff894d1b1e4366698b", "input": "Question: Does in vivo T-cell depletion enhance production of anti-GALalpha1,3GAL natural antibodies in alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase-deficient mice?\nAnswer: In vivo T-cell depletion facilitates anti-Gal IgM production, suggesting that T cells deliver inhibitory signals to B cells responding to Gal.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0cb58506bd474b3db3cdc3f5c2574731", "input": "Question: Is synovial fluid lymphocyte proliferation in response to crude microbial antigens useful as a diagnostic test to specifically indicate a bacterial cause of arthritis?\nAnswer: Our findings show that a lymphocyte proliferation assay with SFMC with whole fraction bacteria is not an adequate diagnostic tool to confirm bacterial involvement in inflammatory arthritis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4778a464249488f94a727af46eb45ac", "input": "Question: Does the flow rate significantly influence the leukocyte depletion rate during prestorage in-line filtration of platelet concentrates?\nAnswer: The filter system Sepacell PLX-5 BPS proved to be suitable for in-line filtration of platelet concentrates prior to storage. Filtration flow rates of up to 40 ml/min allowed efficient leukocyte depletion without significant loss in the quality of the platelet concentrates and the platelet function in vitro.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce9b1eeb19c14a3dbc1de1c0e88d5085", "input": "Question: Does variation in axillary node dissection influence the degree of nodal involvement in breast cancer patients?\nAnswer: Variations in the level of axillary node dissection for breast cancer can result in significant changes in the number of positive axillary nodes. This can potentially bias adjuvant chemotherapy recommendations if treatment decisions are based on this prognostic factor.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-941d338713184826aaa8c012d96b2e10", "input": "Question: Is a newly created splice donor site in exon 25 of the MyBP-C gene responsible for inherited hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with incomplete disease penetrance?\nAnswer: Penetrance of this mutation was incomplete and age-dependent. The large number of asymptomatic carriers and the good prognosis support the interpretation of benign disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5fdabfe9e11b46b8b7d2f561ef1ae9da", "input": "Question: Does childhood injuries and deaths due to fall from windows?\nAnswer: Injuries from falls from windows are a public health problem in Hamilton County, Ohio, especially for young, urban children.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3bfeb118668d4d3dac7249478eb270db", "input": "Question: Do quantitative 15 steps exercise oximetry as a marker of disease severity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?\nAnswer: In patients with severe COPD, arterial hypoxemia during exercise can be assessed by simple 15 steps oximetry. This method can serve both as a marker for disease severity and to determine the need for oxygen supplementation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d0e69c413a047ef8ff124ec0d1ab611", "input": "Question: Do cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors ameliorate the severity of experimental colitis in rats?\nAnswer: The effective nimesulide and SC-236-induced amelioration of the severity of the colitis in acetic acid and iodoacetamide-treated rats confirms the role of eicosanoids in their pathogenesis and suggests that COX-2 inhibitors may be of value in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-08da8c80a8ab435eab7a032ad8922cf9", "input": "Question: Is infection with virulent strains of Helicobacter pylori associated with ischaemic heart disease : evidence from a population-based case-control study of myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: Infection with the more virulent strains of H. pylori, as with all strains, is not associated with myocardial infarction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1349cf887a3847edb97c4ec524e1b197", "input": "Question: Is hypertonic saline attenuation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil cytotoxicity : timing everything?\nAnswer: The timing of HTS is a key variable in the attenuation of PMN cytotoxic functions. Maximal attenuation of cytotoxicity is achieved before priming, whereas HTS exposure after activation augments cytotoxicity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b80afd6221714d42b274ddb70ddbf8a8", "input": "Question: Does an immune-enhancing enteral diet reduce mortality rate and episodes of bacteremia in septic intensive care unit patients?\nAnswer: Immune-enhancing enteral nutrition resulted in a significant reduction in the mortality rate and infection rate in septic patients admitted to the ICU. These reductions were greater for patients with less severe illness.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-12539c782e354848958ad33cf58e994f", "input": "Question: Does [ 10 year result with a cemented fine-grit-blasted titanium-aluminum-vanadium hip endoprosthesis shaft ]?\nAnswer: Our findings with a cemented mild grid blasted Titanium-Aluminum-Vanadium stem demonstrate excellent results unlike it was reported for cemented femoral components of similar alloy but different design and cementation philosophy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c392c70bebc4af48d8532ac3af2698c", "input": "Question: Is there substantial nuclear and cellular disintegration before detectable phosphatidylserine exposure during the camptothecin-induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells?\nAnswer: During CAM-induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells, the external exposure of PS can either precede or follow DNA cleavage, which suggests that PS exposure is not always an indicator of early apoptosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e432b18eea494d57a8840989971db2ef", "input": "Question: Does the luminal short-chain fatty acid butyrate modulate NF-kappaB activity in a human colonic epithelial cell line?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that the influences of butyrate on colonic inflammatory responses may result in part from its influence on NF-kappaB activation. This activity of butyrate apparently involves its ability to inhibit deacetylases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec618808532f4492a3f1cf340808c344", "input": "Question: Does intravenous pantoprazole rapidly control gastric acid hypersecretion in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?\nAnswer: Intravenous pantoprazole, 160-240 mg/day administered in divided doses by 15-minute infusion, rapidly and effectively controlled acid output within 1 hour and maintained control for up to 7 days in all ZES patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b25be4db1eac4853b44ffea5b44be844", "input": "Question: Is epithelium-dependent bronchodilatory activity preserved in pig bronchioles after normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass?\nAnswer: Normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass does not result in epithelial dysfunction in pigs. Epithelium-dependent and epithelium-independent bronchodilators may be equally effective before and after cardiopulmonary bypass.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bdebfcf08cee4a498e7e86d2266e1034", "input": "Question: Are children goldfish -- mark/recapture techniques and their application to injury data?\nAnswer: This typical example of two sample mark/recapture estimation in an epidemiological setting can be shown to violate virtually all the requirements for valid use of the technique. Very little can be deduced accurately about the scale or characteristics of an unobserved group by the use of mark/recapture applied to two overlapping health event registers.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d572e8e968548819e60f4111daeaec5", "input": "Question: Does stent design favorably influence the vascular response in normal porcine coronary arteries?\nAnswer: The arterial response to a balloon-expandable stent can be favorably influenced by computer-assisted modification of design in an experimental model. Further study is warranted to determine the impact of stent design upon clinical in-stent restenosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a4c4d704190463ca81587087bfa76bb", "input": "Question: Do veteran athletes exercise at higher maximum heart rates than are achieved during standard exercise ( stress ) testing?\nAnswer: Maximal HR in veteran athletes during specific sporting activities was significantly higher than that attained during a routine sECG. This finding was not sport-specific, nor was it related to the level of competitiveness of the trial participants. These data show that a routine sECG is a submaximal test of exercise performance, and should be interpreted as such.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1ed352c8794e4b369e16604c9295eb85", "input": "Question: Is b lymphopenia in uremia related to an accelerated in vitro apoptosis and dysregulation of Bcl-2?\nAnswer: Our data indicate that B lymphopenia in CRF may be partially attributed to an increased susceptibility to cell death by apoptosis that is associated with a decreased expression of Bcl-2.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9d89c6b1fc6646e8885be603f115912d", "input": "Question: Does intradialytic glucose infusion increase polysulphone membrane permeability and post-dilutional haemodiafiltration performances?\nAnswer: We conclude that intravenous glucose administration during high-flux HDF using polysulphone membranes increases significantly both ultrafiltration capacity and dialysis dose delivery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c1bab8fb5af246c8a9c5a42bf20f12aa", "input": "Question: Is galectin 1 involved in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation?\nAnswer: Gal-1 binding to SMCs was stronger than to ECM, although ECM of atherosclerotic blood vessels contained additional ECM proteins which bound to Gal-1. Gal-1 was upregulated during SMC growth and Gal FP enhanced serum-induced DNA synthesis in SMCs. Overall, Gal-1 upregulation is likely to provide a reinforcement of serum-induced events during vascular injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ced3f3258fd8428b8b98fe6d4fece082", "input": "Question: Do t cells expressing the gamma delta T cell receptor induce apoptosis in cardiac myocytes?\nAnswer: These studies demonstrate that T cells expressing the gamma delta TcR are more effective mediators of myocyte apoptosis than alpha beta+ T cells in vitro and suggests that these effectors may be primarily responsible for myocardial injury associated with dilated cardiomyopathy-like signs during coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-42cd1890450f44af9073fbfa78755ee2", "input": "Question: Does youth perceptions of comprehensive adolescent health services through the Boston happen program?\nAnswer: Qualitative evaluations such as this give a voice to youth to advocate for services they need. By including youth ideas and perspectives during program development and implementation, services can be more attractive to groups of at-risk youth who historically have been less likely to seek care.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c6d3a87c78604495bf3421676ae3adaa", "input": "Question: Is area under the serum creatinine time-curve a strong predictor of chronic renal allograft rejection?\nAnswer: To reduce the risk of developing chronic rejection after renal transplantation acute rejection episodes during the first 3 months should be avoided as much as possible.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e2b28881940149eebed04f0cea5685c1", "input": "Question: Is early increased chemokine expression and production in murine allogeneic skin grafts mediated by natural killer cells?\nAnswer: Early chemokine mRNA expression and protein production in allogeneic skin grafts is amplified by recipient natural killer (NK) cells. These results indicate a novel function for infiltrating NK cells in mediating early increased intra-allograft chemokine production and inflammation during the initiation of acute rejection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e7af2103090e4e63b83a096709ff8326", "input": "Question: Is lubricin a product of megakaryocyte stimulating factor gene expression by human synovial fibroblasts?\nAnswer: Lubricin is secreted by synovial fibroblasts via expression of the MSF gene. Lubricin is constructed of MSF exons 6 through 9 but the presence of other exons cannot be excluded. Lubricin/MSF is the only lubricating component in the final lubricating fraction of human synovial fluid.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-06dccaf313f0462bbd4947e50fdba34d", "input": "Question: Do igG antibodies to type II collagen reflect inflammatory activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?\nAnswer: Increased IgG anti-CII in sera and SF in RA correlated directly with acute phase reactants and the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6. Our data suggest that IgG anti-CII could reflect inflammatory activity with a potential to destroy cartilage in the early stages of RA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-74eaf4e7fc4e455d8aebb8035f473d69", "input": "Question: Is methylation of the estrogen receptor-alpha gene promoter selectively increased in proliferating human aortic smooth muscle cells?\nAnswer: Our data support the concept that the genome of aortic smooth muscle cells is responsive to environmental conditions, and that DNA methylation, in particular methylation of the ERalpha, could contribute to the switch in phenotype observed in these cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-176e8d1266d14c2090461d1092aeeb86", "input": "Question: Does sphingosine 1-phosphate induce sinus tachycardia and coronary vasoconstriction in the canine heart?\nAnswer: These results may provide a clue to better understanding the physiological as well as the pathophysiological regulation of sphingosine 1-phosphate in the heart.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0554af27d0374ad6bc7ae0cb82e87c64", "input": "Question: Is response to methotrexate in early rheumatoid arthritis associated with a decrease of T cell derived tumour necrosis factor alpha , increase of interleukin 10 , and predicted by the initial concentration of interleukin 4?\nAnswer: During treatment of RA with MTX the percentage of TNFalpha producing T cells decreases whereas that of IL10 producing T cells increases. This may affect macrophage activation and, therefore, may represent a regulatory mechanism relevant to disease remission. Furthermore, the percentage of IL4 positive CD4(+) T cells at disease onset may be a useful prognostic marker.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3547480f364f4c7792e2ddf584973170", "input": "Question: Do psychiatric symptoms and distress differ between patients with postherpetic neuralgia and peripheral vestibular disease?\nAnswer: These results suggest that the psychiatric symptoms of patients with PHN are distinct from nonspecific acute distress and may be related to the experience of suffering from chronic neuropathic pain. Patients with PHN may not meet criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis, but their psychiatric comorbidity places them at substantial risk for increased pain, suicidal ideation, sustained disability, and the numerous complications of excessive medical evaluation and treatment. Patients with PHN should be evaluated specifically for psychiatric symptoms to reduce potential negative consequences through appropriate treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c924982516bb4cd2a3d9639c36563a2c", "input": "Question: Is depression strongly associated with alexithymia in the general population?\nAnswer: These results suggest that alexithymia has a close relationship to depression in the general population. The impact of social factors on alexithymia may be primarily explained by depression. Depression must be taken into account as a confounding factor when studying alexithymia in general populations due to the strong association between alexithymia and depression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9ba1a7205d84c15a4ca282a9cae074e", "input": "Question: Do endothelin-dependent effects limit flow-induced dilation of conductance coronary vessels after blockade of nitric oxide formation in conscious dogs?\nAnswer: ETA receptor-mediated effects limit flow-dependent dilation of large epicardial coronary arteries in conscious dogs. Suppression of the L-arginine/NO-dependent pathway with L-NAME reveals significant ET-dependent effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f85399e02223473e9c0b7c954eaa45d2", "input": "Question: Is optimal debulking surgery an independent prognostic factor in patients with FIGO IIIC primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma?\nAnswer: To improve survival of patients with FIGO stage IIIC epithelial ovarian carcinoma, optimal debulking surgery should be performed as the initial form of surgical intervention.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe4fc07b2b5c4cdfb659235a9148aacd", "input": "Question: Does resection with cryotherapy of colorectal hepatic metastases have the same survival as hepatic resection alone?\nAnswer: Edge and contralobe cryotherapy can be combined with hepatic resection to allow a greater proportion of patients with hepatic colorectal metastases to be offered treatment, and results in similar survival figures comparable to hepatic resection for at least 3 years.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8571c9adb49f4589a54743078b4e3e35", "input": "Question: Is treatment of established tumor associated with ICAM-1 upregulation and reversed by CD8 depletion in a tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene transfected mouse mammary tumor?\nAnswer: Highly significant in vivo tumor growth inhibition and immune protection after injection with TNF-alpha-transfected tumors appears to be mediated predominantly by CD8+ T cells and ICAM-1 upregulation. These findings suggest that TNF-alpha increases recruitment and adhesion of effector T cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5af4637847c49efa1788fa9773acaa4", "input": "Question: Does specific angiotensin II receptor blockage improve intestinal perfusion during graded hypovolemia in pigs?\nAnswer: Specific AT1 blockade before acute hypovolemia significantly ameliorated mesenteric and, in particular, jejunal mucosal hypoperfusion. In addition, cardiovascular stability was improved, and mortality in conjunction with acute hypovolemia and retransfusion could be completely avoided. These findings support a fundamental role of the renin-angiotensin system in the mesenteric response to acute hypovolemia and indicate a substantial interventional potential for candesartan in conjunction with circulatory stress.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8548c477a1e4b3ba5291f236f472f7c", "input": "Question: Does paroxetine affect metoprolol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in healthy volunteers?\nAnswer: Multiple-dose paroxetine intake affects both metoprolol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and suggests that when paroxetine is added to an ongoing metoprolol therapy, caution is warranted and a reduction of the metoprolol dose may be required to prevent undesired adverse effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fb6da130ae854d2dbf7a9d94c53cc32c", "input": "Question: Does right atrial pressure predict hemodynamic response to apneic positive airway pressure?\nAnswer: Apneic positive Paw decreased cardiac output mainly by reducing venous return. From the investigated filling variables, RAP was most sensitive in predicting the hemodynamic response, followed by PAOP and right ventricular EDVI. Patients with RAP < or =10 mm Hg, if subjected to aggressive positive pressure ventilation, are at risk of hemodynamic deterioration and organ hypoperfusion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c468a649af8a483cac96b7bb23270d8f", "input": "Question: Does incentive spirometry enhance recovery after thoracic surgery?\nAnswer: Pulmonary complications after lung and esophagus surgery were relatively low. The addition of IS to PT did not further reduce pulmonary complications or hospital stay. Although we cannot rule out beneficial effects in a subgroup of high-risk patients, routine use of IS after thoracic surgery seems to be ineffective.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a1749a886a34fb4bd13157c2001c25b", "input": "Question: Does molecular characterization of HHV-8 positive primary effusion lymphoma reveal pathogenetic and histogenetic features of the disease?\nAnswer: PEL associates with recurrent chromosomal alterations, suggesting that viral infection is not sufficient for tumor development and that lesions of cellular genes may be required. The expression of Met/HGF by PEL cells may bear implications for the lymphoma proliferation and growth pattern, since Met/HGF interactions influence cell mitogenesis and motogenesis. EBV infection in PEL displays a latency I phenotype and fails to associate with specific EBNA-1 variants, suggesting that the role of EBV in PEL is not mediated by the major transforming pathways currently known in EBV positive lymphomas.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-88bebab1be6d471abe3de7f04e3cb26c", "input": "Question: Are memory disturbances in `` Ecstasy '' users correlated with an altered brain serotonin neurotransmission?\nAnswer: Our preliminary results may indicate altered 5-HT neuronal function with correlated memory impairment in abstinent MDMA users.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4167aff71a74906b3daba558942a3a2", "input": "Question: Is amphetamine-induced activation of forebrain EEG prevented by noradrenergic beta-receptor blockade in the halothane-anesthetized rat?\nAnswer: These observations indicate that, under these experimental conditions, AMPH-induced activation of the forebrain is dependent on actions of noradrenergic beta-receptors. Combined with previous observations, these observations support the hypothesis that AMPH-induced increases in arousal involve noradrenergic neurotransmission at beta-receptors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd1d006695f043a6a44c3b30cfe46454", "input": "Question: Does lactose enhance calcium bioavailability in lactose-tolerant , healthy adults?\nAnswer: Lactose does not have a beneficial effect on calcium bioavailability in lactose-tolerant adults.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-76468cb9541446fbadc1fb3b8130daca", "input": "Question: Are postprandial chylomicrons and VLDLs in severe hypertriacylglycerolemia lowered more effectively than are chylomicron remnants after treatment with n-3 fatty acids?\nAnswer: n-3 Fatty acids effectively lower chylomicrons and VLDLs, but their effect on chylomicron remnants was observed only in the late postprandial phase.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-88ee6340f225438d8690319cc8977a82", "input": "Question: Is thigh adipose tissue distribution associated with insulin resistance in obesity and in type 2 diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: SFAT and IMAT are markers of IR in obesity and DM although they are much smaller than SCAT, which does not predict IR. Muscle composition reflecting increased fat content is also associated with IR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0cfc7c5850d64d93a30906afe87e4b9a", "input": "Question: Does age influence early and late tumor-related outcome for bronchogenic carcinoma?\nAnswer: Perioperative risk and midterm survival were similar in younger and older patients after surgical resection of bronchogenic carcinoma. We believe that this result is because surgical candidates constitute already a highly selected group of patients. From these data it is not possible to conclude that biologic behavior of lung cancer is more aggressive in younger patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac8f88f071b54891a32f5db05a2053d3", "input": "Question: Is overexpression of the 27 KDa heat shock protein associated with thermoresistance and chemoresistance but not with radioresistance?\nAnswer: It is concluded that the mechanisms responsible for hsp27-mediated heat and drug resistance are not involved in radioprotection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d874b7110044448c8ebec32abb7d4921", "input": "Question: Does propofol directly depress lumbar dorsal horn neuronal responses to noxious stimulation in goats?\nAnswer: These data indicate that propofol has a direct depressant effect on dorsal horn neuronal responses to noxious stimulation, with little or no indirect supraspinal effect.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-db3d3960fdfb4b8b9c6d0f0524b37091", "input": "Question: Do iL-10 and antibodies to TGF-beta2 and PDGF inhibit RPE-mediated retinal contraction?\nAnswer: These findings confirm a role for both PDGF and TGF-beta2 in RPE cell-mediated contraction of the retina. Such contraction can be inhibited by neutralizing antibodies against PDGF and TGF-beta2, which, together with IL-10, are putative candidates for therapeutic intervention in PVR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4269027cdfbb484caef0b81ec795dd9c", "input": "Question: Do an update in the palliative management of malignant dysphagia?\nAnswer: Palliative treatment for oesophageal cancer should be individualized and relate to tumour stage, size and location, the patient's medical condition and his/her personal wishes. The palliative treatment largely includes self-expanding metal stents (SEMS), laser (including photodynamic therapy (PDT)) or a combination of the two to relieve symptoms, this may be employed with or without other treatments such as radiotherapy/chemotherapy (RT/CT) with the aim of reducing tumour bulk and possibly prolonging survival. A multi-disciplinary approach is vital in patients with advanced oesophageal cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f068151c64e0475c91b18082af1eae51", "input": "Question: Does iCAM-1 deficiency suppress host allosensitization and rejection of MHC-disparate corneal transplants?\nAnswer: Prolonged survival seen in MHC-mismatched grafts in ICAM-1-/- mice, along with a suppressed DTH response to donor alloantigens after transplantation, suggest that ICAM-1 is associated with recipient sensitization to MHC alloantigens.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a0148b5b846c427f8625eb0df7440fc3", "input": "Question: Does induced-hyperglycemia attenuate erythromycin-induced acceleration of hypertonic liquid-phase gastric emptying in type-I diabetic patients?\nAnswer: The erythromycin-induced acceleration on gastric emptying of hypertonic liquids in diabetic patients is related to the plasma glucose level. The induced hyperglycemia reduces the erythromycin-induced acceleration of liquid-phase gastric emptying, decreasing the overall gastric emptying rate. In spite of the inhibitory effect of induced hyperglycemia on the gastric emptying of hypertonic liquids, erythromycin is still able to accelerate the emptying rate and could prove to be a useful prokinetic agent under hyperglycemic conditions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-08e3d99e217c4126b80286adb73224ec", "input": "Question: Do aged mice exhibit greater mortality concomitant to increased brain and plasma TNF-alpha levels following intracerebroventricular injection of lipopolysaccharide?\nAnswer: These results suggest that the age-related increases in TNF-alpha production and mortality following the intracerebroventricular administration of LPS may be due to an increased endotoxin hypersensitivity of brain microglia/macrophages within aged animals.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa1612f8cd4941dcbe48523f070106c7", "input": "Question: Does radiofrequency application to the posteroseptal region alter retrograde accessory pathway activation?\nAnswer: Radiofrequency applications to the posteroseptal region can markedly alter retrograde atrial activation, thereby confounding further mapping of the accessory pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-31be79f18dc342c29e3429f82ef56ef7", "input": "Question: Does off-pump bypass graft operation significantly reduce oxidative stress and inflammation?\nAnswer: Off-pump coronary bypass graft operation on a beating heart significantly reduces oxidative stress and suppresses the inflammatory reaction associated with the use of CPB.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee05dd4acb0d47c0a9d2bfbf4a741f54", "input": "Question: Does lazaroid reduce production of IL-8 and IL-1 receptor antagonist in ischemic spinal cord injury?\nAnswer: Lazaroid U-74389G reduced the production of systemic IL-8 and -1ra and spinal IL-8 when AXC caused spinal cord injury. These results indicate that lazaroids may attenuate ischemic endothelial cell injury or activation of leukocytes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5061c0aeda64c1fa9facb173469813c", "input": "Question: Do organ system failures predict prognosis in critically ill patients with acute renal failure requiring dialysis?\nAnswer: The mortality rate for intensive care unit patients with acute renal failure continues to be high. Multiple organ system failure occurs frequently and is the major cause of death. The mortality rate increases as the number of failed organs increases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-68d11df221ee43c8877fc98b3a364572", "input": "Question: Does newborn circumcision decrease incidence and costs of urinary tract infections during the first year of life?\nAnswer: Newborn circumcision results in a 9. 1-fold decrease in incidence of UTI during the first year of life as well as markedly lower UTI-related medical costs and rate of hospital admissions. Newborn circumcision during the first year of life is, thus, a valuable preventive health measure, particularly in the first 3 months of life, when uncircumcised males are most likely to be hospitalized with severe UTI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1fee3121abd3467fa5c640c8efb39334", "input": "Question: Do elf-pulsed magnetic fields modulate opioid peptide gene expression in myocardial cells?\nAnswer: The present findings demonstrate that an opioid gene is activated by myocyte exposure to PMF and that the cell nucleus and nuclear embedded PKC are a crucial target for the PMF action. Due to the wide ranging importance of opioid peptides in myocardial cell homeostasis, the current data may suggest consideration for potential biological effects of PMF in the cardiovascular system.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-42a863df9e384c5389448cab025f611a", "input": "Question: Are adenoma size and number predictive of adenoma recurrence : implications for surveillance colonoscopy?\nAnswer: Patients with 1 or 2 adenomas all measuring less than 1 cm are an identified low risk group and their first surveillance examination may be delayed beyond the standard 3 years.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c59ef16ab56d4e2bae4557d92755e226", "input": "Question: Do cell-surface estrogen receptors mediate calcium-dependent nitric oxide release in human endothelia?\nAnswer: Physiological doses of estrogen immediately stimulate NO release from human endothelial cells through activation of a cell-surface estrogen receptor that is coupled to increases in intracellular calcium.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4166497cdfa34b9fa093de38da7a4c4b", "input": "Question: Does addition of inulin to breakfast acutely affect serum ionized calcium and parathyroid hormone concentrations?\nAnswer: Fifteen grams of inulin in fresh cheese or with a calcium supplement (210 mg Ca) taken at breakfast does not acutely affect the markers of calcium metabolism as opposed to a corresponding breakfast without inulin.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-332db49e248d43e38ad5d11293c48964", "input": "Question: Does ring annuloplasty prevent delayed leaflet coaptation and mitral regurgitation during acute left ventricular ischemia?\nAnswer: Mitral annular area reduction and fixation with an annuloplasty ring eliminated delayed leaflet coaptation and prevented mitral regurgitation during acute left ventricular ischemia after ring implantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d378c6b7404f4050ba1f47cbb99475c3", "input": "Question: Is re-creation of sinuses important for sparing the aortic valve : a finite element study?\nAnswer: Valve-sparing techniques that allow the potential for sinus space formation (tailored, pseudosinus) result in simulated leaflet stresses that are closer to normal than the cylindrical technique. Normalized leaflet stresses in the clinical setting may result in improved longevity of the spared valve.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ac674b145a44066aa042e80f669e37f", "input": "Question: Is spleno-renal shunt blood flow an accurate index of collateral circulation in different models of portal hypertension and after pharmacological changes in rats?\nAnswer: Determination of SRSBF by TTU is an accurate way to measure collateral blood flow in different models of intra- and extra-hepatic portal hypertension in rats. Its sensitivity provides accurate measurement of pharmacological changes, unlike the traditional estimation of %PSS by the microsphere method.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ad2ce70e332403f9410eeffdfd1a119", "input": "Question: Are serum laminin and type IV collagen accurate markers of histologically severe alcoholic hepatitis in patients with cirrhosis?\nAnswer: In patients with cirrhosis, determination of serum Lam or CIV could represent a simple and accurate non-invasive method for identification of patients with histologically severe alcoholic hepatitis eligible for corticosteroid treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1bcf2f9104654d74a4ad262c689a7985", "input": "Question: Do cocaine abusers show a blunted response to alcohol intoxication in limbic brain regions?\nAnswer: The blunted response to alcohol in cocaine abusers contrasts with their enhanced sensitivity to benzodiazepines suggesting that targets other than GABA-benzodiazepine receptors are involved in the blunted sensitivity to alcohol and that the toxicity from combined cocaine-alcohol use is not due to an enhanced sensitivity to alcohol in cocaine abusers. The blunted response to alcohol in limbic regions and in cortical regions connected to limbic areas could result from a decreased sensitivity of reward circuits in cocaine abusers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-71f11451ad194153bc2bf94f97ce317d", "input": "Question: Does bladder stretch alter urinary heparin-binding epidermal growth factor and antiproliferative factor in patients with interstitial cystitis?\nAnswer: Bladder stretch increased HB-EGF and conversely reduced antiproliferative factor activity in urine from patients with interstitial cystitis but not controls up to 2 weeks after distention. These results provide additional evidence for the possible role of antiproliferative factor and decreased HB-EGF in the pathophysiology of interstitial cystitis. To our knowledge this is also the first human study to show that in vivo bladder stretch can alter urinary factors that regulate cell growth.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e980fa4552354ec3860cac9552a43dd3", "input": "Question: Is aPOE-epsilon4 associated with memory decline in cognitively impaired elderly?\nAnswer: APOE-epsilon4 was associated with memory decline in subjects with cognitive impairment, but not in normally functioning subjects. Contrary to AD studies, our study suggests that the risk of APOE-epsilon4 on memory decline does not decrease at higher ages.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee6b4acbdcfe4d3f90c59f41bb0bf36d", "input": "Question: Are the rate and anisotropy of impulse propagation in the postnatal terminal crest correlated with remodeling of Cx43 gap junction pattern?\nAnswer: This study provides the first correlative structure/function analysis of the relationship between the macroscopic conduction of impulse and the microscopic cellular organization of gap junctions in a differentiating cardiac bundle. Confirmation is provided for theoretical predictions which emphasize the importance of the cell-to-cell geometry of coupling in determining the spread and pattern of myocardial activation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7ab07052215e4714ac591f88421ebbe6", "input": "Question: Does urodilatin limit acute reperfusion injury in the isolated rat heart?\nAnswer: These results indicate that reduced cGMP concentration may impair myocyte survival during reperfusion. Stimulation of particulate guanylyl cyclase may appear as a new strategy to prevent immediate lethal reperfusion injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e0a5e73440634d4baf3131612c4c4aa1", "input": "Question: Is protection of hearts from reperfusion injury by propofol associated with inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition?\nAnswer: Propofol confers significant protection against global normothermic ischaemia and during cold cardioplegic arrest. This effect is associated with less opening of mitochondrial MPT pores, probably as a result of diminished oxidative stress. Propofol may be a useful adjunct to cardioplegic solutions in heart surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aaa941147e004957843a402defbb4f46", "input": "Question: Does slow N-acetyltransferase 2 genotype affect the incidence of isoniazid and rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity?\nAnswer: Slow NAT2* genotype significantly affected the development of INH + RMP-induced hepatotoxicity. This suggests the possibility that NAT2* genotyping prior to medication may be useful in evaluating patients with high risk for INH + RMP-induced hepatotoxicity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9fedc1d8adb54d6b92105ff42cfa4763", "input": "Question: Does abciximab reduce mortality in diabetics following percutaneous coronary intervention?\nAnswer: Abciximab decreases the mortality of diabetic patients to the level of placebo-treated nondiabetic patients. This beneficial effect is noteworthy in those diabetic patients who are also hypertensive and obese and in diabetics undergoing multivessel intervention. Besides its potential role in reducing repeat intervention for stented diabetic patients, abciximab therapy should be strongly considered in diabetic patients undergoing PCI to improve their survival.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e4086a0ad4e410e9a1bfb8c194d47c7", "input": "Question: Does dietary vitamin B6 supplementation prevent ethanol-induced hypertension in rats?\nAnswer: Dietary vitamin B6 supplementation prevented ethanol-induced hypertension and associated changes in WKY rats by normalizing tissue aldehyde conjugate levels.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd6dc8e91be9437eba525d936b6b5816", "input": "Question: Does low-dose radiotherapy selectively reduce adhesion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to endothelium in vitro?\nAnswer: The anti-inflammatory effect of LD-RT might, in part, be due to the reduction in the adhesion of PBMC to EC. This reduction in adhesion might be a consequence of the reduced expression of L-selectin on the surface of PBMC, and the inhibition of adherence by soluble L-selectin shed by PBMC in vitro.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d630759389674edc9319787cb85cd76c", "input": "Question: Is recovery from optic neuritis associated with a change in the distribution of cerebral response to visual stimulation : a functional magnetic resonance imaging study?\nAnswer: The extraoccipital areas that were activated in patients all have extensive visual connections, and some have been proposed as sites of multimodal sensory integration. The results indicate a functional reorganisation of the cerebral response to simple visual stimuli after optic neuritis that may represent an adaptive response to a persistently abnormal input. Whether this is a necessary part of the recovery process remains to be determined.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd20fab398c544c296fcba36a41d680a", "input": "Question: Does ara-C affect formation of cancer cell DNA synthesome replication intermediates?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that ara-C's action on DNA replication is mediated primarily through DNA polymerase alpha and suggest that this enzyme plays a key role in DNA synthetic initiation events. The results also provide definitive support for the use of the DNA synthesome as a unique and powerful model for analyzing the mechanism of action of anticancer drugs which directly affect DNA replication.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-38ab20f702fa4ce9a628d72f5313be37", "input": "Question: Does the mechanism of formation of bony spur ( enthesophytes ) in the achilles tendon?\nAnswer: Bony spurs can develop in the Achilles tendon without the need for preceding microtears or any inflammatory reaction, and they form by endochondral ossification of enthesis fibrocartilage. The increased surface area created at the tendon-bone junction may be an adaptive mechanism to ensure the integrity of the interface in response to increased mechanical loads.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-610d3ac0aae046bda12bee4b31370a03", "input": "Question: Do antioxidants attenuate myocyte apoptosis in the remote non-infarcted myocardium following large myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: Long-term treatment with the antioxidants probucol and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate attenuates oxidative stress, myocyte apoptosis, caspase-3 like activity and the expression of p53, bax and caspase-3 within RM in rats after a large myocardial infarction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e170a5db17a4122bbba16ac3fd2ca18", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of endogenous nitric oxide synthase potentiate ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial apoptosis via a caspase-3 dependent pathway?\nAnswer: The results of the present study demonstrate that inhibition of endogenous NO synthesis during ischemia and reperfusion leads to an enhanced induction of apoptosis, suggesting that the endogenous NO synthesis protects against apoptotic cell death. Inhibition of NO synthesis thereby activates the caspase cascade, whereas the Bcl-2/Bax protein levels remained unchanged.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4569f726a51e400b858ee8626fcba5bb", "input": "Question: Does tumor necrosis factor-alpha induce apoptosis via inducible nitric oxide synthase in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes?\nAnswer: TNF alpha induces apoptosis via iNOS expression and NO production in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6c0f9566baf14d71bc6e1503adcdb918", "input": "Question: Does a blood-prostate barrier restrict cell and molecular movement across the rat ventral prostate epithelium?\nAnswer: Our findings demonstrate a blood-prostate barrier in the rat ventral prostate with characteristics similar to the blood-testis barrier. This blood-prostate barrier is not affected by LPS-induced acute inflammation. Further, this persistent barrier apparently restricts the passage of leukocytes into prostate DF even in the presence of pronounced interstitial inflammation. This observation may help to explain the observation that expressed prostatic secretions in human males are often free of leukocytes in clinical prostatitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4eb99dfee3014daba7bd8289203d508e", "input": "Question: Do heparin-coated circuits prevent renal dysfunction after open heart surgery?\nAnswer: HC circuits and low-dose heparin can be used to maintain renal function after cardiopulmonary bypass, even in patients with severe kidney disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eb2d507690204cc6b017c47f8c953167", "input": "Question: Is intracavernous alprostadil alfadex ( EDEX/VIRIDAL ) effective and safe in patients with erectile dysfunction after failing sildenafil ( Viagra )?\nAnswer: Alprostadil alfadex therapy can be used effectively and safely in men who fail initial therapy with sildenafil.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-abe573246f41410cb82668786665c7c8", "input": "Question: Is glucose intolerance predicted by low insulin secretion and high glucagon secretion : outcome of a prospective study in postmenopausal Caucasian women?\nAnswer: Low insulin secretion, when judged in relation to insulin sensitivity, and high glucagon secretion, determine glucose tolerance over time in the individual subject. These processes are therefore potential targets for prevention of deterioration in glucose tolerance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5b296fd829c4ef29274910f12cd541e", "input": "Question: Is a genetic variation in the 5 ' flanking region of the UCP3 gene associated with body mass index in humans in interaction with physical activity?\nAnswer: The C-->T polymorphism in the 5' sequences of the UCP3 gene might contribute to the corpulence in obese and normal weight subjects and alter the benefit of physical activity. The UCP3 gene can be considered as a gene modifying corpulence.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea422d2332614faeac6ed65a063b2e9d", "input": "Question: Does endotoxemia augment neurogenic plasma exudation in guinea pig lungs?\nAnswer: LPS augments neurogenic plasma exudation partly through NK-1 receptors to increase vascular permeability and partly via the generation of oxidative metabolites. Tachykinins released from nerve endings may contribute to endotoxin-related pulmonary inflammatory responses.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-569ee2643b414838928b4cb424814c87", "input": "Question: Are maternal serum levels of macrophage colony-stimulating factor associated with adverse pregnancy outcome?\nAnswer: This study suggests that absolute levels and relative changes in maternal serum M-CSF levels during pregnancy are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-313b9e3b05c5486488394e6f78989687", "input": "Question: Is iL-8 an angiogenic factor in human coronary atherectomy tissue?\nAnswer: The results suggest that, in human coronary atherosclerosis, IL-8 is an important mediator of angiogenesis and may contribute to plaque formation via its angiogenic properties.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6d139d4f8289401d80f989c781181ec1", "input": "Question: Does ten weeks of rapid ventricular pacing create a long-term model of left ventricular dysfunction?\nAnswer: Ten weeks of rapid ventricular pacing creates a long-term model of left ventricular dysfunction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf1c1f76135743b5ae0be115c500e696", "input": "Question: Are the early response genes c-jun and HSP-70 induced in regional cardiac stunning in conscious mammals?\nAnswer: The induction of early-response genes observed here may indicate that they play an adaptive role in myocardial stunning, even in conscious mammals.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-915c9b17519845d1b90db88f4e8bd0d3", "input": "Question: Is paclitaxel-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines associated with increased caspase-3 activity?\nAnswer: Paclitaxel induces apoptosis in lung cancer cell lines, as assessed by a consistent increase in caspase-3 activity, DNA laddering, and characteristic morphologic changes. Paclitaxel-induced apoptosis in human lung cancer cells is associated with caspase-3 activation but is not Fas dependent.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c67fc8e69ab24a0989ec506e709e1e7d", "input": "Question: Does preservation of the right atrial appendage improve reduced plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels after the maze procedure?\nAnswer: The present study showed that preservation of the right atrial appendage lessens the decrease of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels after the maze procedure and that increased plasma atrial natriuretic peptides may improve the ability of the kidneys to excrete the fluid load after the operation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-06360bb3b7b944a2acf07301ad592c64", "input": "Question: Are cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis : K-ras mutations and Tp53 dysfunction implicated in the neoplastic development?\nAnswer: We conclude that K-ras mutations and p53 dysfunction are implicated in tumorigenesis of cholangiocarcinomas arising in PSC patients and that these abnormalities together with increased Ki-67 index may indicate neoplastic progression of bile ducts in these patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-938a8e54fa98452a8906bfbdec4ab8a0", "input": "Question: Does aqueous humor stimulate the migration of human trabecular meshwork cells in vitro?\nAnswer: Aqueous humor contains potentially powerful chemoattractants for trabecular meshwork cells. The activity of one of these constituents, fibronectin, has been accounted for by this study. Glaucomatous aqueous appears to be as good and in some cases a better migratory stimulant than nonglaucomatous aqueous in vitro. The migratory evidence points to a trend that may help to explain cell loss in the aging meshwork and possibly some of the extra loss in primary open-angle glaucoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d63a2206cc6471d938a6f53e66ca690", "input": "Question: Does synthetic inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases ( batimastat ) reduce prostate cancer growth in an orthotopic rat model?\nAnswer: Batimastat is able to reduce tumor growth in the standard prostate cancer model. Using this model, activity against cancer progression of future inhibitory agents can be reliably assessed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a330bd67f362417fa4238cc105aa9f8b", "input": "Question: Are ornithine decarboxylase activity and its gene expression increased in benign hyperplastic prostate?\nAnswer: The findings imply that 1) the increased ODC activity and polyamine content in prostatic tissue may correlate with the pathogenesis of BPH, and 2) the high level of ODC activity is induced by the overexpression of ODC mRNA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe861af06e4f4c82aae23da94839a8c5", "input": "Question: Do line bisection judgments implicate right parietal cortex and cerebellum as assessed by fMRI?\nAnswer: The right hemispheric dominance observed in inferior parietal cortex is consistent with the results of lesion studies. Right superior parietal cortex, vermis, and left cerebellar hemisphere have not been implicated in neglect, but all appear to play a cognitive role in the Landmark task.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bec9c1f2330945e59807b30236f76189", "input": "Question: Is retinal maturation delayed by repeated , but not single , maternal injections of betamethasone in sheep?\nAnswer: Repeated maternal administration of corticosteroid may affect retinal maturation in the fetus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-901d4a037bda4d2daa381731234780d3", "input": "Question: Does ethnomedical aspects of the commonly used toothbrush stick in Ethiopia?\nAnswer: Toothbrush sticks can be used by the vast majority of people who cannot afford buying the commercial toothbrush and toothpaste. The toothbrush sticks may be important for the oral and dental hygiene of the users and hence may be useful in decreasing dental caries. Further studies should focus on the effect of the toothbrush sticks against other common bacteria that are associated with dental diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3738cdfea9a94cab8f366f072c9f7a20", "input": "Question: Does modulation of single motor unit discharge using magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex in incomplete spinal cord injury?\nAnswer: Increased thresholds and latencies of excitation and inhibition may reflect degraded corticospinal transmission in the spinal cord. However, the relatively greater increase in the latency of inhibition compared with excitation in the patients with iSCI may reflect a weak or absent early component of cortical inhibition. Such a change in cortical inhibition may relate to the restoration of useful motor function after iSCI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-66a5d88668f7491b9202110eaf89f7e3", "input": "Question: Is resistive heating more effective than metallic-foil insulation in an experimental model of accidental hypothermia : A randomized controlled trial?\nAnswer: Resistive heating more than doubles the rewarming rate compared with that produced by reflective metal foil and does so without producing an afterdrop. It is therefore likely to be useful in the prehospital setting.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7417df23c164b7aa3491b92a3d24777", "input": "Question: Do the cost of burn care and implications for efficient care?\nAnswer: Acute burn care is a costly service. The goal of burn care should shift from saving lives to allowing for a productive return to society. Quality improvement, outcome measurement, and technology assessment combined with health economics research for burn care should be carried out in Japan.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e7b781c3ae3b4a679637dbe031387d4a", "input": "Question: Does angiotensin II receptor blockade attenuate the deleterious effects of exercise training on post-MI ventricular remodelling in rats?\nAnswer: Following large anterior MI, losartan attenuated LV dilation and scar thinning. In untreated animals, exercise decreased dilation, but also contributed to scar thinning. Therefore, exercise concurrent with blockade of the renin-angiotensin system may provide optimal therapeutic benefit following large anterior MI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d455688fb5a2484f9753ecaa380f1b76", "input": "Question: Is type 2 angiotensin II receptor downregulated in cardiomyocytes of patients with heart failure?\nAnswer: (1) The AT(2) receptor is localized to cardiomyocytes independently of the cardiac function. (2) Left ventricular dysfunction is associated with decreased expression of myocardial AT(2) receptor protein.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-666537627d8148f1b633f3e8623a90d2", "input": "Question: Does hypothermic circulatory arrest cause multisystem vascular endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis?\nAnswer: DHCA is associated with endothelial dysfunction in cerebral microvessels but not in the in vivo transcranial vasculature; in addition, endothelial dysfunction was noted in large-caliber renal arteries and pulmonary veins. DHCA is also associated with duodenal apoptosis. Vascular endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis may be involved in the pathophysiology of multisystem organ failure after DHCA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e8d56e2eb55492cbcb883a5fcb34e9c", "input": "Question: Is adrenomedullin increased in the fetoplacental circulation in intrauterine growth restriction with abnormal umbilical artery waveforms?\nAnswer: This study provides evidence that adrenomedullin is increased in fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction in response to reduced uteroplacental blood flow and suggests that it may participate in the fetal hemodynamic modifications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2527cd7e52ac4bc797a936723dd791dd", "input": "Question: Is loss of CO2 reactivity of cerebral blood flow associated with severe brain damage in mechanically ventilated very low birth weight infants?\nAnswer: In mechanically ventilated very low birthweight infants low CO2 reactivity of cerebral blood flow (below 10%/kPa CO2) during the first 36 hours of life was associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcome or hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy at autopsy. Loss of CO2 reactivity may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. It is a candidate for predicting early severe brain damage in preterm infants requiring intensive care and for controlling the effect of early interventions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4156cd8611964a948f54dbf7fb716aa2", "input": "Question: Are presence and extent of extrapancreatic fluid collections indicators of severe acute pancreatitis?\nAnswer: Pancreatic necrosis and extrapancreatic fluid collections are indicators for severe acute pancreatitis. Whereas the localization of pancreatic necrosis is not important for the outcome of the disease, the extent of extrapancreatic fluid collections is significantly correlated with a severe course.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d672754164e43df80bb693bbf0bab38", "input": "Question: Is human tumor growth inhibited by a vaccinia virus carrying the E2 gene of bovine papillomavirus?\nAnswer: The growth of human tumors was efficiently inhibited by the MVA E2 recombinant vaccinia virus. The absence of side effects in treated animals suggested that the MVA E2 virus is a safe biologic agent that could in the future be used in humans for the treatment of cervical carcinoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9650198fbe14057bd7b11ef467f7b4c", "input": "Question: Is squamous papilloma of the urinary tract unrelated to condyloma acuminata?\nAnswer: These data indicate that squamous papilloma is a distinct entity not related to condyloma or verrucous carcinoma. These lesions are benign, HPV DNA negative, DNA diploid, and they lack p53 overaccumulation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-db0f82beadf648f8aacf9def9a4e997d", "input": "Question: Does endothelial cell dysfunction correlate differentially with survival in primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that short-term survival is related to the severity of endothelial cell dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension. In addition, exceedingly high vWF:Ag levels in PPH might reflect a particular pattern of endothelial cell dysfunction that could be associated with decreased short-term life expectancy in this disorder compared with secondary forms of pulmonary hypertension.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8c1a6439e2024627ab25e2345c1cf5e3", "input": "Question: Does cure of Helicobacter pylori infection improve symptoms in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients-a double-blind placebo-controlled study?\nAnswer: Although histological parameters were significantly improved in the treatment group, there was no significant improvement in symptoms of NUD in the treatment group compared to placebo.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-acbcdbd3ede042df82a5a8cf85d73b1b", "input": "Question: Does the distinct HERG missense mutation L564P cause long QT syndrome in one French Canadian family?\nAnswer: This electrophysiological study suggests that coexpression of HERG wild type and mutant L564P results in a dominant negative effect of the mutation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d77cb6c27dcc4ae38db617002ff5769e", "input": "Question: Does human ovarian follicular fluid have functional systems for the generation and modulation of thrombin?\nAnswer: Only a select group of hemostatic plasma proteins are present in follicular fluid. There is no direct correlation between molecular size and concentration of individual proteins in follicular fluid. These results indicate that the proteins involved in the thrombin-generating and thrombin modulatory pathways may be derived from ovarian cells, suggesting that thrombin may have a role in folliculogenesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6048cd0114ab42dcb62cf6a11d346386", "input": "Question: Does coronary oxygen persufflation combined with HTK cardioplegia prolong the preservation time in heart transplantation?\nAnswer: These data show that COP combined with a mHTK solution represents a potential alternative to complement currently used cold storage techniques for prolonged preservation periods.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe29e683e78140128e735ce188e950b8", "input": "Question: Does interleukin-1 stimulate human uterine prostaglandin production through induction of cyclooxygenase-2 expression?\nAnswer: IL-1 increases PG production by myometrium by increased COX-2 expression. NS-398 completely blocks IL-1-induced PG production. With intrauterine infection, IL-1 may induce labor through the autocrine production of uterotonic PGs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5bcd79ab706402eb2de3be56f64fdfd", "input": "Question: Is video-assisted evacuation of empyema the preferred procedure for management of pleural space infections?\nAnswer: Video-assisted evacuation of empyema and decortication is an effective modality in the management of the exudative and fibrinopurulent stages of empyema. An organized empyema should be approached thoracoscopically, but may require open decortication.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-52ab98a4d584424ea1186db76829ea89", "input": "Question: Is the expression of three types of CINCs by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat macrophages inhibited similarly by anti-inflammatory steroids?\nAnswer: These results indicate no difference among CINC-1, -2 and -3 in the inhibition of production and mRNA expression of CINCs by anti-inflammatory steroids, although lipopolysaccharide differentially induces expression of each CINC expression in culture of rat macrophages.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ae4d7db468e451e9ca2cd7e72a954eb", "input": "Question: Does continuous pulmonary perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass prevent lung injury in infants?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrates that arrested pulmonary circulation during cardiopulmonary bypass is the major risk factor of lung injury and that continuous pulmonary perfusion is effective in preventing lung injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d3741e3a82ee40e0b68ff571d0be31c1", "input": "Question: Does doxazosin modify Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression in the left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rats?\nAnswer: The present work suggests that the presence of Bax-Bcl-2 complexes in the left ventricle could be a more reliable marker of the apoptotic state than the determination of the absolute expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins. Moreover, the inhibition of alpha1 -adrenergic receptors by doxazosin decreased the abundance of BaxBcl-2 complexes and promoted a reduction of apoptosis in the left ventricle of SHRs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cc5b9e8b12ad4bb890b5e6f0b8ca790c", "input": "Question: Does superoxide possibly produced in endothelial cells mediate the neutrophil-induced lung injury?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that stimulated PMN-induced increases in pulmonary vascular filtration resulted from endothelial cell injury caused by superoxide anion possibly generated by XO, exclusively present in the endothelial cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d483cc71076e42f882562b28389b76a1", "input": "Question: Are human connexin40 gap junction channels modulated by cAMP?\nAnswer: Macroscopic conductance and permeability of Cx40 gap junctions is strongly increased by cAMP and may play a role in the regulation of intercellular communication in the heart and vasculature.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cf3e4a185b5d444aa36d0074ea8d7b81", "input": "Question: Does [ Genistein suppress growth stimulatory effect of growth factors in HCE 16/3 cells ]?\nAnswer: The results suggest that genistein have potential value in the prevention and treatment of some tumors in vivo.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae58db4de3b5424786212e1bb3c7ce51", "input": "Question: Does rapid intermittent compression increase skin circulation in chronically ischemic legs with infra-popliteal arterial obstruction?\nAnswer: Arterial flow augmentation upon compression is associated with increased skin-flux. This response remains present in severe disease of the crural outflow-arteries. Further investigation to define the role of intermittent compression for management of chronic arterial disease is warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f64c3dad0e5547359490f2039f1d654b", "input": "Question: Does insulin resistance alone explain the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in southern India?\nAnswer: Insulin resistance is not the only underlying factor for the clustering of CVD risk factors in south Indians. These findings are consistent with the presence of several distinct physiological domains, as shown in other ethnic groups.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f568038a50eb4958bbaba552c1ec084c", "input": "Question: Do early and intermediate-term complications of self-expanding stents limit its potential application in children with congenital heart disease?\nAnswer: Self-expanding Wallstent could be deployed easily and safely to relieve vascular stenoses in children. The complications of distal migration, significant neointimal ingrowth and its unyielding design to overdilation limit its application to this patient group.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b194a76742c4cf9a4a8578aaf1552c3", "input": "Question: Does local adenovirus-mediated transfer of C-type natriuretic peptide suppress vascular remodeling in porcine coronary arteries in vivo?\nAnswer: Adenovirus-mediated CNP gene transfer with the IABC system may be a useful gene therapy to prevent restenosis after PTCA in vivo.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-686768213a21446eba717f8e4a7f4d0d", "input": "Question: Does neutrophil adhesion to vascular prosthetic surfaces trigger nonapoptotic cell death?\nAnswer: Neutrophil adhesion to ePTFE and Dacron triggers a rapid nonapoptotic cell death. The effect of ePTFE and Dacron on neutrophil viability appears to be caused by reactive oxygen species production. The premature death of graft-adherent neutrophils provides a novel explanation of the defect in neutrophil bacterial killing associated with vascular prosthetic grafts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-583dcae533ca46a8bd5a2b509bdccd72", "input": "Question: Does injury to dorsal root ganglia alter innervation of spinal cord dorsal horn lamina involved in nociception?\nAnswer: Morphologic change in spinal cord dorsal horn lamina II occurs after partial dorsal root ganglion injury. This change may have significance in the pathogenesis of chronic mechanical allodynia after partial dorsal root ganglion injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c98387b30bc340649211fa5fbee650a0", "input": "Question: Does nitric oxide modulate angiotensin II-induced drinking behavior in the near-term ovine fetus?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate that inhibition of central nitric oxide suppresses fetal swallowing behavior in response to central angiotensin II. We speculate that tonic nitric oxide facilitates angiotensin II swallowing stimulation by maintenance of glutamate activation of hypothalamic N -methyl-D -aspartate receptors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-044ae53bccc5446ca552c93f6e29e588", "input": "Question: Is cyclin D1 expression predictive of occult metastases in head and neck cancer patients with clinically negative cervical lymph nodes?\nAnswer: Our study indicates that the expression of cyclin D1 correlates with the presence of occult cervical metastases in head and neck carcinoma patients, thus suggesting that its immunohistochemical evaluation in biopsy samples may be used as an additional tool for identifying patients to be treated with elective neck dissection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7340012120cc4c7fb4cd6857fbf13755", "input": "Question: Does gene therapy enhance the antiproliferative effect of radiation in intimal hyperplasia?\nAnswer: Both IR alone and IR combined with a radiosensitizing agent are effective in attenuating experimental IH. However, combination therapy is synergistic and achieves greater inhibition of VSMC proliferation and may involve selective killing of radioresistant S-phase VSMCs. IR + CD/5-FC represents a novel therapeutic strategy that offers potential for long-term control of IH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fad996499bbf4390ab66f845f1a41a3f", "input": "Question: Is inhibition of intestinal tumors by curcumin associated with changes in the intestinal immune cell profile?\nAnswer: These results show that mucosal CD4(+) T cells and B cells increase in animals treated with curcumin, suggesting that curcumin modulates lymphocyte-mediated immune functions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4ab015e5a1374512905b250e7fefffc6", "input": "Question: Does aggregation substance promote colonic mucosal invasion of Enterococcus faecalis in an ex vivo model?\nAnswer: The aggregation substance promotes invasion of E. faecalis into colonic mucosa.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-14b9cb0916f947ddaad6b7730b3b1d66", "input": "Question: Does physician disclosure of healthy personal behaviors improve credibility and ability to motivate?\nAnswer: Physicians' abilities to motivate patients to adopt healthy habits can be enhanced by conveying their own healthy habits. Educational institutions should consider encouraging health professionals-in-training to practice and demonstrate healthy personal lifestyles.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8c83ba15ff34ccb8f709eecdbe551e8", "input": "Question: Does pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide enhance liver metastases of cancer cells implanted into the portal vein in rabbits?\nAnswer: Compared with laparotomy, CO2 pneumoperitoneum enhanced the development of liver metastases in this experimental model.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b40a09f7558c4ed889d71c8a51a4fd69", "input": "Question: Does fasting induce impairment of gastric mucosal integrity in non-insulin-dependent diabetic ( db/db ) mice?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that fasting-induced glucose deficit causes gastric mucosal lesions and increases the susceptibility of gastric mucosa to noxious agents owing to the loss of mucus glycoprotein in db/db mice. Prolonged diabetes is likely to augment the severity of fasting-induced impairment of the gastric mucosal function.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c3db0a304e049479176f8fe93b363b3", "input": "Question: Are circulating levels of IL-1beta , a prothrombotic cytokine , elevated in unstable angina versus stable angina?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that both IL-1beta and IL-6 contribute to the pathogenesis of unstable angina, and that the profile of circulating plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines differs in unstable angina from that in stable angina. Abbreviated Abstract. Multiple studies support a role for inflammation in the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis and unstable cardiac syndromes. We measured plasma levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in patients with stable and unstable coronary syndromes. Levels of IL-1beta and IL-6 were found to be elevated in patients with unstable coronary syndromes. No significant differences were found in the levels of TNF-alpha. Our results suggest that both IL-1beta and IL-6 contribute to the pathogenesis of unstable angina.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-82db6a0bbedc438ca4f8f2bd132087de", "input": "Question: Does dendritic cell-based genetic immunization in mice with a recombinant adenovirus encoding murine TRP2 induce effective anti-melanoma immunity?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that DC-based genetic immunization of mice with TRP2, a clinically relevant melanocyte-specific self-antigen, induces effective cellular immunity and prevents metastatic growth of B16 melanoma cells in vivo.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d3216e13d1d94a78bee66026d22b5336", "input": "Question: Do new Q waves on the presenting electrocardiogram independently predict increased cardiac mortality following a first ST-elevation myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: New Q waves at presentation are independently associated with a worse outcome after a first myocardial infarction. The presence of new Q waves on the presenting electrocardiogram allows very early identification of patients at risk of increased cardiac mortality.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b02c9a3c583c4afa9b55487f4bdfe243", "input": "Question: Does subgroup analysis and other ( mis ) used of baseline data in clinical trials?\nAnswer: Clinical trials need a predefined statistical analysis plan for uses of baseline data, especially covariate-adjusted analyses and subgroup analyses. Investigators and journals need to adopt improved standards of statistical reporting, and exercise caution when drawing conclusions from subgroup findings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e02b6f79fde345bfb35d6aab79f93dad", "input": "Question: Does mAP kinase signaling induce nuclear reorganization in budding yeast?\nAnswer: Nuclear remodeling occurs when the MAP kinase cascade is activated by yeast pheromone, but it is independent of the cytoskeletal reorganization regulated by the same signaling pathway. Activation of the Ste12p transcription factor is necessary, and may be sufficient, for the changes in nuclear structure that coincide with developmentally significant changes in gene expression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-17b746b836e943bd95e07891ccbe430e", "input": "Question: Does a protein complex containing Inscuteable and the Galpha-binding protein Pins orient asymmetric cell divisions in Drosophila?\nAnswer: Pins and Inscuteable are dependent on each other for asymmetric localisation in delaminated neuroblasts. The binding of Pins to Galpha protein offers the intriguing possibility that Inscuteable and Pins might orient asymmetric cell divisions by localising or locally modulating a heterotrimeric G-protein signalling cascade at the apical cell cortex.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b38fe2f380ce479986acdc4c3272fc22", "input": "Question: Does pentobarbital have curare-like effects on adult-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel currents?\nAnswer: The interaction between adult-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, acetylcholine, and pentobarbital was biophysically investigated by using the patch-clamp technique in combination with tools for ultrafast solution exchange. PB elicited open-channel block and competitive block of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel currents, whereas the latter seems to be effective in clinically relevant concentrations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf89e19241e74459be55f2f582bb9b68", "input": "Question: Is n-methyl-D-aspartate receptor channel block by meperidine dependent on extracellular pH?\nAnswer: At acidic pH the potency of meperidine for N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor channels was increased. Any antinociceptive and neuroprotective benefit from the N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor antagonist property of meperidine may be pH dependent.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-053815cdb25940dea858c1e6eb1dd95d", "input": "Question: Is lymphocyte proliferation in mice after a full laparotomy the same whether performed in a sealed carbon dioxide chamber or in room air?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that full laparotomy performed in a sealed CO2 chamber compared to room air laparotomy resulted in similar suppression of lymphocyte proliferation. Furthermore, no significant suppression of lymphocyte proliferation was observed in the CO2 pneumoperitoneum group. These results, with regard to lymphocyte proliferation rates, refute the hypothesis that postoperative immunosuppression is related to air exposure and support the alternative hypothesis that immunosuppression is related to incision length.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9157a8e79ca64c78bc54e50a7a8513b8", "input": "Question: Is the GH response to low-dose bolus growth hormone-releasing hormone ( GHRH ( 1-29 ) NH2 ) attenuated in patients with longstanding post-irradiation GH insufficiency?\nAnswer: The GH response to bolus GHRH(1-29)NH(2) is attenuated in adult long-term survivors of childhood brain tumours. This may reflect direct pituitary damage and/or the loss of the tropic effects of chronic GHRH deficiency.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-654b340090814a589e78e58842489e6b", "input": "Question: Is transthoracic ultrasonography an alternative to subxyphoid ultrasonography for the diagnosis of hemopericardium in penetrating precordial trauma?\nAnswer: Surgeon-performed ultrasonography has become the diagnostic test of choice for patients suspected of having hemopericardium and cardiac tamponade. Transthoracic ultrasonography is an excellent alternative for those patients where a subxyphoid or subcostal view to visualize the pericardial sac and heart cannot be obtained owing to local or anatomical factors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb3b517b04a147ecac094aef8d5e4e88", "input": "Question: Does eEG predict surgical outcome in lesional frontal lobe epilepsy?\nAnswer: The absence of generalized EEG signs is the most predictive variable for a seizure-free outcome in FLE surgery. Furthermore, nonlesional MRI, somatosensory aura, and secondarily generalized seizures are risk factors for poor surgical results.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6170b079855d4742a4a82de3afc9c393", "input": "Question: Does adenoviral-mediated expression of antisense RNA to basic fibroblast growth factor reduce tangential stress in arterialized vein grafts?\nAnswer: Inhibition of bFGF synthesis in vivo with the use of adenoviral gene transfer of antisense RNA to bFGF promotes a vein graft with decreased tangential stress while maintaining the luminal area. The vein graft wall is remodeled and qualitatively resembles an artery so that wall tangential stress in Ad.ASbFGF and normal artery are not significantly different. The lack of significant difference in lumen circumference among groups suggests that wall thickening in the Ad. ASbFGF grafts is not at the expense of luminal narrowing. Our results suggest that ASbFGF RNA expression may represent an effective strategy in limiting the failure of arterialized venous conduits.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-129ebc8406fa43ad8539831dc9160c4f", "input": "Question: Do pulmonary hemodynamics contribute to indicate priority for lung transplantation in patients with cystic fibrosis?\nAnswer: Pulmonary hemodynamics are worst in patients dying on the waiting list and deteriorate significantly during the waiting time. They may thus contribute to establish priority for lung transplantation in patients with cystic fibrosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-328f24fe34ce45c38914ef09277fd686", "input": "Question: Are transgenic swine lungs expressing human CD59 protected from injury in a pig-to-human model of xenotransplantation?\nAnswer: Transgenic swine pulmonary xenografts that express the human complement regulatory protein CD59 demonstrated improved function and survival in an ex vivo model of pig-to-human xenotransplantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac2f8a377e4940b4aac8afa7738575b3", "input": "Question: Does comparison of immunoglobulin G heavy-chain sequences in MS and SSPE brains reveal an antigen-driven response?\nAnswer: The presence of an antigen-driven response in MS, rather than a nonconventional mechanism of B-cell activation, warrants additional analysis of the specificity of IgG in MS brain and CSF.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-acc1ca0dcb9a48c3ba3b327b481d28ce", "input": "Question: Are biphasic redistribution of muscarinic receptor and the altered receptor phosphorylation and gene transcription underlying mechanisms in the rat heart during sepsis?\nAnswer: The m2AChR in the rat heart was externalized from light vesicles to sarcolemma (overexpression) during early sepsis but internalized from surface membranes to intracellular sites (underexpression) during late sepsis. Furthermore, changes in the receptor phosphorylation and gene transcription are responsible for the biphasic redistribution and the altered expression of m2AChR in the rat heart during the progression of sepsis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c2455a2d9034e6c8056550991da645f", "input": "Question: Does the bradycardic agent zatebradine enhance baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability in rats early after myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: Both BRS and HRV are reduced in rats early after MI, indicating a depressed reflex and tonic vagal activity. Treatment with zatebradine enhances both BRS and HRV. These data suggest that the drug has both peripheral and central effects, leading to an increase of vagal control of heart rate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-449672575cb04beb8e548700b1faf30a", "input": "Question: Does accumulation of oxidized LDL in human semilunar valves correlate with coronary atherosclerosis?\nAnswer: The data suggest that the biological process leading to ox-LDL accumulation in coronary atherosclerosis also involves heart valves. Therefore, accumulation of the oxidative stress marker ox-LDL in heart valves illustrates atherosclerosis as an additional mechanisms accelerating valvular degeneration in these patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-19e9dd35dbfa40cc9f9c500e93d521b6", "input": "Question: Does recombinant kringle 1-3 of plasminogen inhibit rabbit corneal angiogenesis induced by angiogenin?\nAnswer: Recombinant kringle 1-3 appears to inhibit angiogenin-induced angiogenesis in a rabbit corneal pocket assay. Recombinant kringle 1-3 may have therapeutic potential as an antiangiogenic agent.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9c4c8a9b5b540b4b38e80b21132e9f4", "input": "Question: Is [ The common C677T polymorphism in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene associated with neural tube defects and preeclampsia ]?\nAnswer: The authors believe that MTHFR VV genotype is associated with the development of NTDs and preeclampsia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2099ff7de5bd482bb6d919fa90ff8cc8", "input": "Question: Does ropivacaine attenuate pulmonary vasoconstriction induced by thromboxane A2 analogue in the isolated perfused rat lung?\nAnswer: Ropivacaine, but not lidocaine, bupivacaine, or QX 314 at 1 microg/mL, attenuates U 46619-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction in an isolated perfused rat lung model. These results support evidence that the clinically used enantiomer S(-)-ropivacaine may inhibit TXA2 signaling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-90451740fbb44eb4b3224dc7136d66b7", "input": "Question: Does leukocyte depletion of red cell components prevent exposure of transfusion recipients to neutrophil elastase?\nAnswer: Leukocyte depletion may limit the inadvertent infusion of bioactive substances derived from polymorphonuclear leukocytes, of which HNE is but one example. The accumulation of HNE in buffy-coat-reduced red cells may be greater than that of whole blood units. HNE accumulates during storage and its quantity may have pathophysiologic significance. Platelets and plasma derived from buffy coats contain some HNE, but leukocyte-depleted red cells virtually none. However, we consider the accumulation of HNE in these components not to be clinically important. The quantities, kinetics, and occurrence in various blood components of HNE contamination differ from those observed with cytokines.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-50e63ef1b72a49409ca723780095f997", "input": "Question: Is allogeneic red blood cell transfusion an independent risk factor for the development of postoperative bacterial infection?\nAnswer: These data support the hypothesis that allogeneic red cell transfusion is an independent risk factor for the development of postoperative bacterial infection in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. This association provides further reason to minimise exposure to allogeneic transfusions in the perioperative setting.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a8f8e811d0944d5b0572a4a8cbd405f", "input": "Question: Are increased levels of basic fibroblast growth factor found in the cross-clamped heart during cardiopulmonary bypass?\nAnswer: Plasma bFGF levels increase during cardiopulmonary bypass. The source of this elevation is the lungs and heart.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3aa6ae59409e46aea41fa8d37891b76d", "input": "Question: Does milrinone attenuate serotonin-induced pulmonary hypertension and bronchoconstriction in dogs?\nAnswer: We studied the effects of milrinone on serotonin-induced pulmonary hypertension and bronchoconstriction in dogs. Milrinone produces pulmonary vasodilation and bronchodilation, whose effects may not be caused by beta-adrenoceptor activation. In addition, this drug may be more sensitive to phosphodiesterase III in the airway smooth muscle than that in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2a843584603c4022adc499c49e801e83", "input": "Question: Is nonadherence with ambulatory saliva sampling associated with biased salivary testosterone estimates?\nAnswer: The results suggest that common ambulatory nonadherence with scheduled saliva sampling is associated with biased salivary testosterone estimates. They will inform further studies estimating salivary testosterone with ambulatory saliva-sampling designs and highlight the relevance of strategies to improve or confirm adherence, beyond routinely used instructions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9aa6cacbecf5413aa087d7a474907c3a", "input": "Question: Does differential proteomic analysis of grapevine leave by iTRAQ reveals responses to heat stress and subsequent recovery?\nAnswer: On the basis of these findings, we proposed that some proteins related to electron transport chain of photosynthesis, antioxidant enzymes, HSPs and other stress response proteins, and glycolysis may play key roles in enhancing grapevine adaptation to and recovery capacity from heat stress. These results provide a better understanding of the proteins involved in, and mechanisms of thermotolerance in grapevines.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9607340ef1ae4f5da3e9171049648f74", "input": "Question: Is subcutaneous adipose tissue zinc-\u03b12-glycoprotein associated with adipose tissue and whole-body insulin sensitivity?\nAnswer: ZAG in subcutaneous, but not in visceral AT, was markedly reduced in obesity. Clinical, cellular, and molecular evidence indicate that ZAG plays an important role in modulating whole-body and AT insulin sensitivity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-390d96c71a064cc0989d76ce476fb801", "input": "Question: Is excess weight in preschool children with a history of severe bronchiolitis associated with asthma?\nAnswer: Asthma was more common in currently overweight than in normal weight former bronchiolitis patients at preschool age and early school age.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2913896bc1db49cbb547425a68a4996e", "input": "Question: Does sentinel lymph node biopsy before mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction significantly delay surgery in early breast cancer?\nAnswer: In this group of patients, SLNB before mastectomy and IBR does not significantly delay definitive breast cancer surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0f9b1e18325c452a8316769a7a99afda", "input": "Question: Is the Exercise Medicine Global Health Initiative : a 2014 update?\nAnswer: Broad implementation of PA counselling and referral systems, as clinical practice standard of care, has the potential to improve PA at the population level by complementing and leveraging other efforts and to contribute to achieving global targets for the reduction of inactivity and related morbidity and mortality.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-73b3eb4ad3b54409886d2f1278d726a2", "input": "Question: Is chronic inflammation in benign prostate tissue associated with high-grade prostate cancer in the placebo arm of the prostate cancer prevention trial?\nAnswer: Inflammation, most of which was chronic, was common in benign prostate tissue, and was positively associated with prostate cancer, especially high grade. The association did not seem to be due to detection bias.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b35546baad642cfb9cf10b8e4a8a94f", "input": "Question: Does neutralization of vascular endothelial growth factor slow progression of retinal nonperfusion in patients with diabetic macular edema?\nAnswer: Just as high VEGF levels contribute to progression of retinal nonperfusion in retinal vein occlusion, the same is true in patients with DME, suggesting that regardless of the underlying disease process, high levels of VEGF can cause closure of retinal vessels. However, our data also suggest that VEGF-induced worsening of retinal perfusion in DME is superimposed on another cause of more gradually worsening perfusion, possibly glucotoxicity. Thus, monthly injections of ranibizumab can slow, but not completely prevent, retinal capillary closure in patients with DME.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d625b8388c43446394db689c0bc9ca2c", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of fructan-fermenting equine faecal bacteria and Streptococcus bovis by hop ( Humulus lupulus L. ) \u03b2-acid?\nAnswer: These results are consistent with the hypothesis that hops \u03b2-acid prevented the growth of fructan-fermenting equine faecal bacteria, and that the mechanism of action was dissipation of the intracellular potassium of Strep.\u00a0bovis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f480de1d3b3644f0ae466757eda8aba2", "input": "Question: Does addition of clonidine in caudal anesthesia in children increase duration of post-operative analgesia?\nAnswer: We concluded that addition of clonidine to bupivacaine prolongs the duration of post-operative analgesia without any respiratory or hemodynamic side-effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1929c683229d42ea9bac76ebeb3dee67", "input": "Question: Does alcohol withdrawal alleviate adipose tissue inflammation in patients with alcoholic liver disease?\nAnswer: In alcoholic patients, upregulation of chemotactic factors in the liver and SAT is an early event that begins as early as the steatosis stage. The inflammasome pathway is upregulated in the liver of patients with ALD. One week of alcohol withdrawal alleviates macrophage infiltration in SAT and orients ATM towards a M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype; this implicates alcohol in adipose tissue inflammation (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00388323).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c09e9fe8ba914bb2be12e0d39842c6f5", "input": "Question: Is galectin-3 independently associated with cardiovascular mortality in community-dwelling older adults without known cardiovascular disease : The Rancho Bernardo Study?\nAnswer: Higher levels of galectin-3 are independently associated with all-cause and CVD mortality among community-dwelling older adults with no known CVD at baseline.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d3941a06424041e68d0bb3753d6079e9", "input": "Question: Is round block technique a useful oncoplastic procedure for multicentric fibroadenomas?\nAnswer: The round block technique is a useful oncoplastic procedure for the management of multicentric fibroadenomas excised at the same time.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae5181cf1b6943d69737d010084b6bad", "input": "Question: Does anterior fascial fixation reduce the parastomal hernia rate after radical cystectomy and ileal conduit?\nAnswer: Anterior fascial fixation of the ileal conduit does not reduce the risk of parastomal hernia formation compared with the patients treated without fascial fixation. Surgeons should consider avoiding anterior suture fixation during ileal conduit creation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f7663500d2e14736ac50e7e6c934cf6e", "input": "Question: Does use of prototype two-channel endoscope with elevator enable larger lift-and-snare endoscopic mucosal resection in a porcine model?\nAnswer: The increased lift of the mucosal epithelium, through use of the dual-channel elevator scope, allows for larger EMR when using a lift-grasp-cut technique. Noting the thin nature of the porcine colonic wall, use of the elevator may also make this technique safer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-45b00157c3ad43419c73960b837f501a", "input": "Question: Is serum paraoxonase-1 activity more closely related to HDL particle concentration and large HDL particles than to HDL cholesterol in Type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic subjects?\nAnswer: PON-1 activity is more closely related to the HDL particle concentration or large HDL particles than to HDL cholesterol. Impaired PON-1 activity in T2DM is not to a considerable extent explained by altered HDL subfraction levels.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-39de2679f43a40748e4c75baf67b8f93", "input": "Question: Does quantitative proteomics analysis reveal similar release profiles following specific PAR-1 or PAR-4 stimulation of platelets?\nAnswer: Both ELISA on established \u03b1-granule proteins and MS-based quantitative proteomics showed that the most abundant \u03b1-granule proteins are released in similar quantities from platelets after stimulation with either PAR-1 or PAR-4. Our findings provide evidence against the hypothesis that PAR-1 and PAR-4 stimulation of platelets trigger differential release of alpha-granule, but further studies are needed to draw conclusions for physiological conditions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-968651dc0d2f44f0ac77441330d3216f", "input": "Question: Does the tumour suppressor Ras-association domain family protein 1A ( RASSF1A ) regulate TNF-\u03b1 signalling in cardiomyocytes?\nAnswer: Our data indicate an essential role of RASSF1A in regulating TNF-\u03b1 signalling in cardiomyocytes, with RASSF1A being key in the formation of the TNFRC and in signal transmission to the downstream targets.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aec6f30060a848438e5fc29622d7f3e1", "input": "Question: Does the H2.0-like homeobox transcription factor modulate yolk sac vascular remodeling in mouse embryos?\nAnswer: Our findings indicate not only that Hlx regulates sprouting in vitro, but that its role in sprouting is nonessential in vivo. We find HLX is regulated by shear stress and a subtle defect in vascular remodeling is present in knockout embryos.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-01e19d4930d34702a74f33a5882cccd5", "input": "Question: Does tissue plasminogen activator promote postischemic neutrophil recruitment via its proteolytic and nonproteolytic properties?\nAnswer: Endogenously released tPA promotes neutrophil transmigration to reperfused tissue via proteolytic activation of plasmin and gelatinases. As a consequence, tPA on transmigrating neutrophils disrupts endothelial junctions allowing circulating tPA to extravasate to the perivascular tissue, which, in turn, amplifies neutrophil recruitment through the activation of mast cells and release of lipid mediators.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-771a96bf17e54e4a8e7b5bd2f427c3fd", "input": "Question: Does btk inhibition suppress agonist-induced human macrophage activation and inflammatory gene expression in RA synovial tissue explants?\nAnswer: Btk is expressed equivalently in RA and PsA synovial tissue, primarily in macrophages. Btk activity is needed to drive macrophage activation in response to multiple agonists relevant to inflammatory arthritis, and promotes RA synovial tissue cytokine and MMP production. Pharmacological targeting of Btk may be of therapeutic benefit in the treatment of RA and other inflammatory diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b58677ba76c14514afd8b27e901b7dfe", "input": "Question: Does modulation of fatty acid and bile acid metabolism by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u03b1 protect against alcoholic liver disease?\nAnswer: These observations indicate that PPAR\u03b1 plays a protective role to enhance mitochondrial function in response to chronic alcohol consumption by adaptive transcriptional activation and suggest that activation of this nuclear receptor may be of therapeutic value in the treatment for ALD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-adf1a3a626b346c2982c3abf8d3aaa9e", "input": "Question: Is brd4 essential for IL-1\u03b2-induced inflammation in human airway epithelial cells?\nAnswer: Oxidative stress enhanced IL1\u03b2-induced IL-6 and CXCL8 expression was significantly reduced by Brd4 inhibition. Brd4 plays an important role in the regulation of inflammatory genes and provides a potential novel anti-inflammatory target.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4745cfcfd134dcebe994afc6e1e9109", "input": "Question: Is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor constitutively active in advanced prostate cancer cells?\nAnswer: Together, these results show that AhR is constitutively active in advanced prostate cancer cell lines that model hormone refractory prostate cancer. Chemical ablation of AhR signaling can reduce the growth of advanced prostate cancer cells, an effect not achieved with androgen receptor inhibitors or growth in androgen depleted media.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-723fafeb3df24c81a0ab771fa4d9b5ae", "input": "Question: Does phosphodiesterase 2A localized in the spinal cord contribute to inflammatory pain processing?\nAnswer: Our findings indicate that PDE2A contributes to the processing of inflammatory pain in the spinal cord.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-057dd5bfc4704d628b4f494219137235", "input": "Question: Does isoflurane impair learning and hippocampal long-term potentiation via the saturation of synaptic plasticity?\nAnswer: Isoflurane impairs hippocampal learning and modulates synaptic plasticity in the postanesthetic period. Increased GluA1 may reduce synaptic capacity for additional GluA1-containing AMPARs trafficking.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f66ea4b5ddcd465983ce70f031bff32f", "input": "Question: Is a prior diagnosis of breast cancer a risk factor for breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers?\nAnswer: In a woman with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation who is diagnosed with breast cancer, the risk of cancer in the contralateral breast depends on the first diagnosis. That observation supports the hypothesis that there are important genetic or non-genetic modifiers of cancer risk in BRCA carriers. Discovering risk modifiers might lead to greater personalization of risk assessment and management recommendations for BRCA-positive patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-603bc42e210f42d5ac6696f8463ee33a", "input": "Question: Is handgrip strength but not appendicular lean mass an independent predictor of functional outcome in hip-fracture women : a short-term prospective study?\nAnswer: Grip strength, but not DXA-assessed aLM, significantly predicted short-term functional outcome in women after a hip fracture.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-622be038fa0049dbbc0a673ef212ee53", "input": "Question: Does indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibition alter the non-coding RNA transcriptome following renal ischemia-reperfusion injury?\nAnswer: These results suggest a biologic role for non-coding, IDO-dependent genes in regulating the early response to IRI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-60b7600463494705b533730e26d563ef", "input": "Question: Does combined elevation of microRNA-196a and microRNA-196b in sera predict unfavorable prognosis in patients with osteosarcomas?\nAnswer: Our present data indicate the involvement of miR-196a and miR-196b upregulation in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. More importantly, the altered levels of circulating miR-196a and miR-196b might have great potential to serve as novel and non-invasive prognostic factors for this malignancy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-187fa66af2664ffba27821a9920d166f", "input": "Question: Does benchmarking trauma centers on mortality alone reflect quality of care : implications for pay-for-performance?\nAnswer: Mortality-based external benchmarking does not identify centers with high complication rates. This creates a dichotomy between current trauma center profiling standards and measures used for pay-for-performance. A benchmarking mechanism that reflects all measures of quality is needed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0fdd18d63ed4ef1bd8348b421b4e3a2", "input": "Question: Does a prenatal prediction model for total nucleated cell count increase the efficacy of umbilical cord blood banking?\nAnswer: Our prenatal prediction model increases the efficacy of obtaining informed consent for UCB banking while still allowing relevant numbers of CBUs to be banked.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3dd84cd035de42a3ae4949c7ba0c6cdb", "input": "Question: Does assessment of procedural skills using virtual simulation remain a challenge?\nAnswer: Only the full procedure of the LAP Mentor procedural simulator has enough discriminative power to claim construct validity. However, the lack of quality control, which is indispensible in the evaluation of procedural skills, makes it currently unsuited for the assessment of procedural laparoscopic skills. The role of the simulator in a training context remains to be elucidated.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5b176509fe5e41b986fcede5ff2e967f", "input": "Question: Does morus alba L. suppress the development of atopic dermatitis induced by the house dust mite in NC/Nga mice?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that MAE has potent inhibitory effects on atopic dermatitis-like lesion and may be a beneficial natural resource for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0cac200cded549e590bbf7bc260c6903", "input": "Question: Is nOX2-generated oxidative stress associated with severity of ultrasound liver steatosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?\nAnswer: We demonstrated increased markers of oxidative stress in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver. Urinary 8-iso-PGF2\u03b1 and serum soluble NOX2-derived peptide levels were independent from obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome and increased with the severity of liver steatosis at ultrasound.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-24b1114ecf4e41728d724021fa3651b3", "input": "Question: Is preeclampsia in high risk women characterized by risk group-specific abnormalities in serum biomarkers?\nAnswer: Patterns of serum biomarkers vary by high-risk group. These data support the hypothesis that multiple pathogenic pathways lead to the disease recognized clinically as preeclampsia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd02a04a79b349a98da39dd208db58fc", "input": "Question: Are mannose-binding lectin gene , MBL2 , polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to invasive pneumococcal disease in children?\nAnswer: Defective MBL2 polymorphisms did not predict increased IPD susceptibility in children born in Northern Europe.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e69ea914f6484e67bc4de31c48f1d010", "input": "Question: Does mALDI imaging on tissue microarrays identify molecular features associated with renal cell cancer phenotype?\nAnswer: Our data pinpoint towards various molecules with potential relevance in renal cell cancer. They also demonstrate that the combination of the MALDI mass spectrometry imaging and large-scale tissue microarray platforms represents a powerful approach to identify clinically-relevant molecular cancer features.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b2536d061b8454aa57b342d1db1c022", "input": "Question: Is formyl Peptide receptor 1 expression associated with tumor progression and survival in gastric cancer?\nAnswer: FPR1 expression may be used as a novel indicator to predict outcome in GC patients after gastrectomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e04d7def9bb4dfbb0d5e55696f8d6e2", "input": "Question: Does smokeless tobacco increase aneuploidy in oral HPV16 E6/E7-transformed keratinocytes in vitro?\nAnswer: The effect of STE varied in the cell lines studied. STE2 increased significantly the proportion of aneuploid cells in HPV-positive oral keratinocytes, but not HPV16 E6/E7 expression. This indicates that tobacco products may enhance the effects of HPV 16 and the risk of DNA aneuploidy increasing risk to malignant transformation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3296cb83545f4aabae4bada9d552c797", "input": "Question: Does eGR1 support the osteogenic differentiation of dental stem cells?\nAnswer: EGR1 supported the osteogenic differentiation of dental stem cells by potentially regulating the expression of DLX3 and BMP2.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-85d2c1c4045b4381ba16719a9aab275c", "input": "Question: Does metronomic oral paclitaxel show anti-tumor effects in an orthotopic mouse model of ovarian cancer?\nAnswer: Metronomic oral chemotherapy with DHP107 showed anti-tumor efficacy in vivo similar to IP paclitaxel in an orthotopic mouse model.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3fb29571c1cd4d84b34d609a0d7a1c55", "input": "Question: Does activation of spinal NF-\u03baB/p65 contribute to peripheral inflammation and hyperalgesia in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that spinal NF-\u03baB/p65 plays an important role in the initiation and development of both peripheral inflammation and hyperalgesia. Thus, inhibition of spinal NF-\u03baB/p65 expression may provide a potential treatment to manage painful inflammatory disorders.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09f226a40cbd4ee089acf920ef5b89b1", "input": "Question: Is endogenous myeloperoxidase a mediator of joint inflammation and damage in experimental arthritis?\nAnswer: MPO contributes to the development of arthritis despite suppressing adaptive immunity in secondary lymphoid organs. This suggests distinct effects of local MPO on arthritogenic effector responses.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9c02b2d321df429795d07e057ddefbf5", "input": "Question: Does rebamipide suppress collagen-induced arthritis through reciprocal regulation of th17/treg cell differentiation and heme oxygenase 1 induction?\nAnswer: The inhibitory effects of rebamipide on joint inflammation are associated with recovery from an imbalance between Th17 cells and Treg cells and with activation of an Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7827ad0239fc42e0bbffae479c3493a9", "input": "Question: Does long noncoding RNA related to cartilage injury promote chondrocyte extracellular matrix degradation in osteoarthritis?\nAnswer: The results indicate that lncRNA-CIR contributes to ECM degradation and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of OA. We propose that lncRNA-CIR could be used as a potential target in OA therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2787fb5a723a410f88ce9216e0429e3c", "input": "Question: Does hIV Tat protein affect circadian rhythmicity by interfering with the circadian system?\nAnswer: The HIV Tat protein affects circadian rhythmicity by interfering with the circadian system in patients with HIV/AIDS and further increases the melatonin excretion value. A Tat protein-related high melatonin value may counteract HIV-related poor sleep quality during the progression of HIV infection. This study provides the first clinical evidence offering an explanation for why sleep quality did not show an association with progression of HIV infection in previous studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b6d56f88bc74ff792fb7f73def1da76", "input": "Question: Does provider awareness alone improve transition readiness skills in adolescent patients with inflammatory bowel disease?\nAnswer: Increasing awareness around transition readiness for pediatric providers had an insignificant effect on the self-management skills of patients with IBD. A more formal or structured approach is likely required to improve transition skills in adolescent patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e08b28610664cfbbc99a1f9c49f15d6", "input": "Question: Do the effectiveness of four methods for stain removal from direct resin-based composite restorative materials?\nAnswer: Compositions of resin-based composite resins play an important role in their susceptibility to stain and their amenability to stain removal procedures. Home bleaching showed good results for the three materials, while office bleach was the least effective.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4515474b4015440986e73865c853290b", "input": "Question: Is time-domain T-wave alternans strongly associated with a history of ventricular fibrillation in patients with Brugada syndrome?\nAnswer: Elevated time-domain TWA on AECG confirms arrhythmia risk in symptomatic BrS patients without the need for provocative stimuli.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-17c826de06be4c6ab6ba7ebfabd86944", "input": "Question: Does analytical function for beta and gamma absorbed fractions of iodine-131 in spherical and ellipsoidal volumes?\nAnswer: The analytical functions that we obtained from fitting process in Monte Carlo data can be used for obtaining the absorbed fractions of iodine-131 beta and gamma rays for any volume of the thyroid lobe. Moreover, our results for the spheres are in good agreement with the results of MIRD and other scientific literatures.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d6b8af4f9ec4c24a4467e06b979ab33", "input": "Question: Do base excision repair defects invoke hypersensitivity to PARP inhibition?\nAnswer: BER deficiency represents a new therapeutic opportunity to enhance PARPi efficacy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-84cd63a5be854873a5c6890e5f6851de", "input": "Question: Are subnormal levels of vitamin D associated with acute wheeze in young children?\nAnswer: Our findings support the hypothesis that subnormal levels of vitamin D are associated with acute wheeze in young children.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-27171f8bd0fd437cb55e953fa079cf42", "input": "Question: Is the systemic exposure to inhaled beclometasone/formoterol pMDI with valved holding chamber independent of age and body size?\nAnswer: The systemic exposure to the active ingredients of a fixed dose combination of beclometasone/formoterol administered via pMDI with AeroChamber Plus\u2122 correlates with the nominal dose independently of patient age and body size. Thus, dose reduction in relation to age when using a pMDI with VHC may be unnecessary for reducing the systemic exposure in children.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-82083e308bdb45349f55160834e2d2a6", "input": "Question: Is active Transportation to and on Campus Associated With Objectively Measured Fitness Outcomes Among College Students?\nAnswer: This study documents a relationship between AT behavior and objectively measured fitness among college students and provides a rationale for targeting this behavior as a method for improving health outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cc439c088ffe4f5fa3ab979bc23fc5b7", "input": "Question: Do pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical and environmental isolates constitute a single population with high phenotypic diversity?\nAnswer: Contrary to what has been described for other bacteria we have found that the P. aeruginosa core genome is constituted by a high proportion of genes and that its pan-genome is thus relatively small. Considering the high degree of genomic conservation between isolates of P. aeruginosa from diverse environments, including human tissues, some implications for the treatment of infections are discussed. This work also represents a methodological contribution for the genomic study of P. aeruginosa, since we provide a database of the comparison of all the proteins encoded by the seventeen strains analyzed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8af1f04e60804930bbbaf8999f6d16b8", "input": "Question: Are gene-rich large deletions overrepresented in POAG patients of Indian and Caucasian origins?\nAnswer: To our knowledge, our study is the first report on large CNV bias for gene-rich regions in glaucomatous neurodegeneration, implicating its impact across populations of contrasting ethnicities. We identified CNTN4 as a novel candidate gene for POAG.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0bb0363d94984937a238c2293d76488b", "input": "Question: Do ulcerative and nonulcerative forms of bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis differ in symptom intensity or response to onabotulinum toxin A?\nAnswer: In this cohort, Ulc and NUlc patients had similar symptoms at baseline and comparable clinical response to intratrigonal OnabotA. These findings suggest that pain may not be directly related with ulcers themselves.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c56b4c5b24df4783a252f1ff876db705", "input": "Question: Does factor V Leiden have a role in cryptogenic ischemic stroke among Iranian young adults?\nAnswer: Based on our study, FVL might not be considered as an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke in Iranian individuals who are not suffering from other risk factors of ischemic stroke.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec354c1b19bd466ba918292dca25e7cc", "input": "Question: Does qT dispersion increase with low glomerular filtration rate in patients with coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: QTd tends to be higher in patients with poor renal function independent of severity of angiographical CAD. QTd may be a potentially useful non-invasive test in the management of patients with poor renal function, especially those with CAD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c27fc8787f0f4fac908e0af87457cf47", "input": "Question: Does rNA sequencing identify novel markers of non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: CBX3 and CRABP2 expression was markedly increased in lung cancer tissues and especially CRABP2 may be promising candidate genes in lung adenocarcinoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-df03ad4674fb4c5691d4a7d91889c4be", "input": "Question: Is hepatic encephalopathy associated with slowed and delayed stimulus-associated somatosensory alpha activity?\nAnswer: The present results provide the first evidence for a slowing of oscillatory activity in the somatosensory system in HE in combination with a previously unknown deficit of S1 in adjusting activation levels back to baseline.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b347300da4a8494fac1dfa8fc8e1c6d4", "input": "Question: Does sulfhydration of p66Shc at cysteine59 mediate the antioxidant effect of hydrogen sulfide?\nAnswer: H2S inhibits mitochondrial ROS production via the sulfhydration of Cys-59 residue, which in turn, prevents the phosphorylation of p66Shc.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-49570830d5c54e22b9aadd6b2bf63469", "input": "Question: Is hER-2 expression prognostic in osteosarcoma ; a Children 's Oncology Group prospective biology study?\nAnswer: HER-2 expression is not prognostic in osteosarcoma in the context of this large prospective study. HER-2 expression cannot be used as a basis for stratification of therapy. Identification of potential prognostic factors should occur in the context of large multi-institutional biology studies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a6449985b00b418880cb8eb5d2a2311c", "input": "Question: Does shaoYao decoction ameliorate colitis-associated colorectal cancer by downregulating proinflammatory cytokines and promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition?\nAnswer: SYD ameliorates caCRC by suppressing inflammation and inhibiting EMT. SYD might be an alternative therapy for caCRC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0cf507618a574fd79bc73d0e3354cd5e", "input": "Question: Does gestational diabetes mellitus alter apoptotic and inflammatory gene expression of trophobasts from human term placenta?\nAnswer: Maternal GDM results in heavier placentas with aberrant placental apoptotic and inflammatory gene expression that may account, at least partially, for macrosomia in newborns.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f009fe13a284cc4b70fabc10700e35a", "input": "Question: Are antihelminthic benzimidazoles novel HIF activators that prevent oxidative neuronal death via binding to tubulin?\nAnswer: These studies demonstrate that tubulin-binding drugs can activate a component of the hypoxic adaptive response, specifically the stabilization of HIF-1\u03b1 and its downstream targets. Tubulin-binding drugs, including antihelminthic benzimidazoles, also abrogate oxidative neuronal death in primary neurons. Given their safety in humans and known ability to penetrate into the central nervous system, antihelminthic benzimidazoles may be considered viable candidates for treating diseases associated with oxidative neuronal death, including stroke.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-de3b4a4c42dc4b1e8723ec142033c8f8", "input": "Question: Does microRNA-181a promote tumor growth and liver metastasis in colorectal cancer by targeting the tumor suppressor WIF-1?\nAnswer: Our data demonstrate that miR-181a expression is associated with CRC liver metastasis and survival. miR-181a has strong tumor-promoting effects through inhibiting the expression of WIF-1, and its potential role in promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-684b4eecdf614a0bbe3f32710bf7e3b4", "input": "Question: Does inhibition during early adolescence predict alcohol and marijuana use by late adolescence?\nAnswer: Compromised inhibitory functioning during early adolescence prior to the onset of substance use was related to more frequent and intense alcohol and marijuana use by late adolescence. Inhibition performance could help identify teens at risk for initiating heavy substance use during adolescence, and potentially could be modified to improve outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cf579cffcfbb413ba774440836e19d51", "input": "Question: Does miRNA-26b inhibit cellular proliferation by targeting CDK8 in breast cancer?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that miR-26b exerts a tumor suppressive role in breast cancer and the miR-26b-mediated growth inhibition is achieved through suppression of a new target gene CDK8.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ae368bd3ec14d59814d602744459bdf", "input": "Question: Are activation of circulated immune cells and inflammatory immune adherence involved in the whole process of acute venous thrombosis?\nAnswer: Acute venous thrombosis is an activation process of circulated lymphocytes, neutrophils and platelets mainly, and a whole process including integrin subunit \u03b22 and \u03b23 binding with their ligands. Activation of immune cells, inflammatory immune adherence and coagulation response are involved in the acute venous thrombosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-69a763db5fdb4b3da7d70d386934e7c7", "input": "Question: Does flurbiprofen improve dysfunction of T-lymphocyte subsets and natural killer cells in cancer patients receiving post-operative morphine analgesia?\nAnswer: The combination of morphine and flurbiprofen ameliorates the immune depression in Tlymphocyte subsets and natural killer cells and provides a similar analgesic efficacy to morphine alone in patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-72746ed448ce4152a759f0a1fa1871af", "input": "Question: Are human adipocytes highly sensitive to intermittent hypoxia induced NF-kappaB activity and subsequent inflammatory gene expression?\nAnswer: Human adipocytes demonstrate strong sensitivity to inflammatory gene expression in response to acute IH and hence, adipose tissue may be a key source of inflammatory mediators in OSA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a73560be460645f286b3113dfdff5937", "input": "Question: Does increasing functional variability in the preparatory phase of the takeoff improve elite springboard diving performance?\nAnswer: Results suggested that on completion of training, athletes were capable of successfully adapting their movement patterns under more varied takeoff conditions to achieve greater consistency and stability of performance outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b6528212ad2745ddaa17f18389f81e06", "input": "Question: Are anticytomegalovirus antibody titres associated with caregiving burden in younger caregivers?\nAnswer: These data suggest that in the absence of immunosenescence, the chronic stress of caregiving is not sufficient to compromise the immune response to persistent CMV infection. However, an indirect mechanism to poorer health in caregivers might be via adoption of disadvantageous health behaviours in response to stress. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Older caregivers of spouses with dementia show a poorer immune response against latent viruses when compared to age- and sex-matched controls. Younger parental caregivers of children with developmental disabilities show a poorer antibody response to vaccination. What does this study add? The study showed no association between caregiving stress and CMV antibody titre in young caregivers. There were higher CMV antibody titres in the caregivers who engage in unhealthy behaviours.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a98b789af18249238783b2ec378a2e24", "input": "Question: Is maternal sleep duration and complaints of vital exhaustion during pregnancy associated with placental abruption?\nAnswer: We extend the existing literature and support the thesis that maternal sleep habits and disorders should be assessed among pregnant women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c4f583edd6f4f158ced953ce116ad4a", "input": "Question: Is the passage of meconium alone a sign of correctly positioned anus?\nAnswer: The passage of meconium is not the only sign of correctly positioned anus. A careful physical examination and awareness of this anomaly are of great importance in making a timely diagnosis of anorectal malformations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e264a2c38a3a45c8bc1f1dfcb1ee38de", "input": "Question: Is endocan useful biomarker of survival and severity in sepsis?\nAnswer: Results of our study show that endocan can be used as strong and significant predictor of sepsis severity and outcome, perhaps even better than SOFA and APACHE II scores.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-67fe9131e1a84e9ba162022ea8843215", "input": "Question: Does hepatocyte nuclear factor 4\u03b1-nuclear factor-\u03baB feedback circuit modulate liver cancer progression?\nAnswer: Collectively, an HNF4\u03b1-NF-\u03baB feedback circuit including miR-124, miR-7, and miR-21 was identified in HCC, and the combination of HNF4\u03b1 and NF-\u03baB exhibited more powerful predictive efficiency of patient prognosis. These findings broaden the knowledge of hepatic inflammation and cancer initiation/progression, and also provide novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-60a64bad4b214669938e17157e298e35", "input": "Question: Do intraoperative measurement for a new transcutaneous bone conduction hearing implant?\nAnswer: The usage of an intraoperative RTF measurement may be a good method to verify the mechanical coupling of the bone conduction floating mass transducer and to test the functional integrity of the implant in an objective way.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4eb1aecd96134c15b80fd67b2621ba9b", "input": "Question: Does [ Sanhuangyinchi decoction pretreatment ameliorate acute hepatic failure in rats by suppressing antioxidant stress and caspase-3 expression ]?\nAnswer: SHYCD pretreatment can dose-dependently ameliorate AHF in rats possibly by suppressing antioxidant stress and caspase-3 expression to decrease hepatic cell apoptosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b0054e1115304a6999d66b3c5ee7b80e", "input": "Question: Does [ 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 pretreatment inhibit house dust mite-induced thymic stromal lymphopoietin release by human airway epithelial cells ]?\nAnswer: Both 1,25VD3 and HDM can induce TSLP expression and release in 16HBE cells, but pretreatment with 1,25VD3 can decrease HDM-augmented TSLP expression in the cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2ae08edc0204067bed1cd94d1538f3b", "input": "Question: Does [ SCF/c-Kit signaling promote invasion of T24 cells via PI3K pathway ]?\nAnswer: SCF/c-Kit signaling promotes the invasiveness of T24 cells, and this effect is mediated by the PI3K pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-514b8173d39d4e6aac83b3220b74d1b4", "input": "Question: Does [ Serum follicle-stimulating hormone in combination with serum inhibin B evaluate spermatogenesis of azoospermic men ]?\nAnswer: Serum FSH and INHB levels is ineffective to distinguish the spermatogenic classifications from azoospermic men, but they are available to confirm the disease of Sertoli cell only. The other abnormalities of azoospermic men is also dependent on bioptic histopathology to confirm the subtypes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5772db54a64e438b881fc4b5e35567bc", "input": "Question: Does highly prevalent SERPINB7 founder mutation cause pseudodominant inheritance pattern in Nagashima-type palmoplantar keratosis?\nAnswer: These data clearly provide further evidence that NPPK is caused by loss-of-function mutations in SERPINB7.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a14ef8f4f0a24635a0f85ae96c0447e8", "input": "Question: Do augmentative therapies potentiate the antidepressant-like effects of deep brain stimulation in rats?\nAnswer: Despite having good predictive validity, animal models are limited from a translational perspective.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-57fc544fa7094f378e357e1b3ef0e629", "input": "Question: Does both body weight and BMI predict improvement in symptom and functioning for patients with major depressive disorder?\nAnswer: This is a short-term trial with relatively small sample size.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bace684d0e5947a6876f841b05a77163", "input": "Question: Is density and duration of pneumococcal carriage maintained by transforming growth factor \u03b21 and T regulatory cells?\nAnswer: These data explain the mechanisms by which S. pneumoniae colonize the human nasopharynx without inducing damaging host inflammation and provide insight into the role of bacterial and host constituents that allow and maintain carriage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9eacce5360034937966adf0294e1a33a", "input": "Question: Does chronic stress impair GABAergic control of amygdala through suppressing the tonic GABAA receptor currents?\nAnswer: Our study suggests that enduring loss of tonic but not phasic GABAAR currents critically contributes to the prolonged amygdala disinhibition subsequent to chronic stress. We propose that the preferential loss of tonic inhibition may account for the development of stress-related neuropsychiatric diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-73671a9dab6045b098b9bf535543ce29", "input": "Question: Do brainstem infarcts predict REM sleep behavior disorder in acute ischemic stroke?\nAnswer: The results support the notion of a predominant role of brainstem injury in the development of RBD and suggest that patients with brainstem infarcts RBD should be evaluated by a clinical neurologist.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd1d066340aa4071a1180bb27265d5fd", "input": "Question: Does severe hypoxia exert parallel and cell-specific regulation of gene expression and alternative splicing in human mesenchymal stem cells?\nAnswer: We conclude that severe hypoxia confers a quiescent phenotype in hMSCs that is reflected by both the transcriptome profile and gene-specific changes of splicosome actions. The results reveal that severe hypoxia imposes markedly different patterns of gene regulation of MSCs compared with more moderate hypoxia. This is the first study to report hypoxia-regulation of AS in stem/progenitor cells and the first molecular genetic characterization of MSC in a hypoxia-induced quiescent immobile state.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cc6bc73d87204db2988b8c894e6a9f56", "input": "Question: Does impact of postoperative renal replacement therapy on long-term outcome after cardiac surgery increase with age?\nAnswer: Patients requiring RRT after cardiac surgery have a poor prognosis with a high mortality. Older age predicted both 30-day and late mortality in these patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dcfd015943854215a51bb8cfe251a192", "input": "Question: Does collaborative DTM reduce hospitalization and healthcare costs in patients with diabetes treated with polypharmacy?\nAnswer: A collaborative pharmacist-driven DTM program with a care manager-executed patient outreach component results in reduced hospital utilization and significant healthcare cost savings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-08a1410582be445a98213d4dd61285f9", "input": "Question: Does tetanus toxin reduce local and descending regulation of the H-reflex?\nAnswer: Tetanus toxin increased the amplitude of the Hwave and reduced the normal depression of H-wave amplitude that is associated with closely timed stimuli, two phenomena that could contribute to hyperactivity of the stretch reflex.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c1e9f8787987415491579c8c43bac0ab", "input": "Question: Is arterial blood pressure closely related to ascites development in compensated HCV-related cirrhosis?\nAnswer: The MAP is closely related to the development of ascites in compensated HCV-related cirrhosis. The risk of ascites development increases in 4.4 fold for subjects with MAP values <83.32 mm/Hg.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-45b4d643a42e444ba70729480b9cd42f", "input": "Question: Is evidence that the lung Adenocarcinoma EML4-ALK fusion gene caused by exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke during childhood?\nAnswer: The EML4-ALK fusion gene is not enriched in tumors from individuals exposed to SHS during childhood.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-119c25c58f9e473e951ef273173f3070", "input": "Question: Are genetic variants in microRNA machinery genes associated [ corrected ] with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss risk?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrates the relationship between RPL development and the polymorphism of the miRNA machinery gene RAN and combined genotype of DROSHA/DICER.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9cdacc9b8b44f3b8c914240dad87700", "input": "Question: Is collagen type III alpha 1 polymorphism ( rs1800255 , COL3A1 2209 G > A ) assessed with high-resolution melting analysis associated with pelvic organ prolapse in the Dutch population?\nAnswer: The previously found statistically significant association between the rs1800255, COL3A1 2209\u00a0G>A polymorphism as measured with PCR-RFLP and POP could no longer be demonstrated. This raises concerns regarding the results of other association studies using PCR-RFLP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cde1236596f848a2ba8090b84cd0282c", "input": "Question: Is severe malarial anemia associated with long-term neurocognitive impairment?\nAnswer: In children <5 years of age, SMA is associated with long-term impairment in cognitive ability, whereas CM is associated with additional impairment in the areas of attention and associative memory. SMA may be a major contributor to long-term neurocognitive impairment in children in sub-Saharan Africa.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c84d29e941f44dd8a8c38835e644ce31", "input": "Question: Do neural responses to exclusion predict susceptibility to social influence?\nAnswer: These results address the neural bases of social influence and risk taking; contribute to our understanding of social and emotional function in the adolescent brain; and link neural activity in specific, hypothesized, regions to risk-relevant outcomes beyond the neuroimaging laboratory. Results of this investigation are discussed in terms of the mechanisms underlying risk taking in adolescents and the public health implications for adolescent driving.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f0721d5366d4539a8c1aa70722602c8", "input": "Question: Is viral infection uncommon in adult patients with severe hospital-acquired pneumonia?\nAnswer: Viral pathogens are not uncommon in adult patients with severe HAP who required ICU admission. Since viral pathogens may cause severe HAP and could be a potential source of viral transmission, further investigation is required to delineate the role of viral pathogens in severe HAP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7477a529d87544e09c0158977c64a4fb", "input": "Question: Is proteinuria testing among patients with diabetes mellitus associated with bladder cancer diagnosis : potential for unmeasured confounding in studies of pioglitazone and bladder cancer?\nAnswer: Proteinuria testing may be a confounder in studies of pioglitazone and bladder cancer but does not fully explain the association between pioglitazone and bladder cancer in this cohort. Optimal adjustment for proteinuria testing likely requires knowledge of the test result.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7da40142ff0a43a0aa6d8a163a3584ef", "input": "Question: Does survey of sonoanatomic distances for lumbar medial branch nerve block in healthy volunteers?\nAnswer: We found many anatomic distances which may increase awareness of US guided LMBB.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-130dc1786de345c6b8a62523cfe0a551", "input": "Question: Does margaritaria discoidea ( Euphorbiaceae ) stem bark extract attenuate allergy and Freund 's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rodents?\nAnswer: Margaritaria discoidea suppresses allergy and exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in mice. In addition it attenuates Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis through a reduction in serum levels of TNF\u03b1 and IL-6 in rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-532e4a601c4e4e8c80e50d8c01bab9e6", "input": "Question: Is stromal transforming growth factor-beta 1 crucial for reinforcing the invasive potential of low invasive cancer?\nAnswer: Stromal TGF-\u03b21 signalling promoted PDPN expression in cancer cells, thereby enhancing tumour growth and leading to a more invasive phenotype.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f1ea1bd05ead4a2e8ab86b3183f05420", "input": "Question: Does eGF reverse multi-drug resistance via the p-ERK pathway in HepG2/ADM and SMMC7721/ADM hepatocellular carcinoma models?\nAnswer: EGF might enhance the chemosensitivity of HepG2/ADM and SMMC7721/ADM cells via up-regulating p-ERKs and BimEL protein.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f20db53aa11f463d898d99b654420e9d", "input": "Question: Does psychiatric staff on the wards share attitudes on aggression?\nAnswer: Psychiatric staff on the wards does not share attitudes on aggression. As each staff member has his/her own opinion about aggression, training for dealing with aggression or violent incidents should be done, at least partly, on an individual level. We also suggest caution in using the concept of ward culture as an explanation for the use of restrictive measures on psychiatric wards.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b171f336ebaf47a381133d954979b217", "input": "Question: Do fc\u03b3 receptor III and Fc\u03b3 receptor IV on macrophages drive autoimmune valvular carditis in mice?\nAnswer: Fc\u03b3RIII and Fc\u03b3RIV act redundantly to promote valvular carditis in K/BxN mice with systemic autoantibody-associated arthritis. Macrophage depletion reduced the severity of valve inflammation. These findings suggest that pathogenic autoantibodies engage Fc\u03b3 receptors on macrophages to drive valvular carditis. Our study provides new insight into the pathogenesis of cardiovascular inflammation in the setting of autoantibody-associated chronic inflammatory diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cf5db484a74b49608e97970d4ff67487", "input": "Question: Do aM-PAC `` 6-Clicks '' functional assessment scores predict acute care hospital discharge destination?\nAnswer: Limitations included lack of information on the rater reliability of \"6-Clicks\" instruments, use of surrogate data for some discharge designations, and use of a clinical database for research purposes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-98fa7423fc234df383f5c8e50cceb2fc", "input": "Question: Does proteomic analysis reveal novel proteins associated with progression and differentiation of colorectal carcinoma?\nAnswer: Their functional networks were analyzed by Ingenuity systems Ingenuity Pathways Analysis and revealed the potential roles as novel biomarkers for progression in various differentiation stages of CRC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f48855f51186401ca12c5d5aab16fb76", "input": "Question: Does omentin prevent myocardial ischemic injury through AMP-activated protein kinase- and Akt-dependent mechanisms?\nAnswer: Our data indicate that omentin functions as an adipokine that ameliorates acute ischemic injury in the heart by suppressing myocyte apoptosis through both AMPK- and Akt-dependent mechanisms.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-690ee945e4f3402ca29635d100bc1921", "input": "Question: Are hyperglycemia , hypoglycemia , and glycemic complexity associated with worse outcomes after surgery?\nAnswer: We found that hypoglycemia (glucose<71 mg/dL) and hyperglycemia (glucose>140 mg/dL) were associated with increased risk of complications, whereas greater complexity of the glucose time series was associated with mortality.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f843c053b747467cabcf56dbc6fa9e34", "input": "Question: Does the Intermountain Risk Score predict mortality in trauma patients?\nAnswer: Intermountain Risk Score strongly predicts mortality in trauma patients at this single level I trauma center. The ability to accurately determine a patient's mortality risk at admission makes IMRS a potentially clinically important tool.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd917aad9b564713a983bc2f2546c7b6", "input": "Question: Is cytoplasmic YAP expression associated with prolonged survival in patients with lung adenocarcinomas and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment?\nAnswer: High cytoplasmic YAP expression predicted a good clinical outcome for patients with lung adenocarcinoma and in EGFR-TKI-treated patients. Therefore, YAP may play a role in EGFR-TKI-treated lung cancer, and YAP targeting may enhance therapeutic effects in combination with other cancer drugs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-839a4c808d6c4ce5bb9431e1cdbc1783", "input": "Question: Does frequency of mealtime insulin bolus predict glycated hemoglobin in youths with type 1 diabetes?\nAnswer: In a prospective, longitudinal design, youths' BOLUS scores were superior to youths' daily BGM in predicting future values of HbA1c. Calculating a BOLUS score versus BGM can help researchers and clinicians achieve a better prediction of youths' HbA1c.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ee6ea3bebed4f77ad5223e1bd0e638d", "input": "Question: Is isatis canescens a rich source of glucobrassicin and other health-promoting compounds?\nAnswer: I. canescens flower buds represent a naturally rich source of GBS, at a level suitable for its purification. Furthermore, flower bud consumption could provide an intake of health-promoting compounds, with possible antioxidant and chemopreventive properties.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd2497540ddb4d3ca1813d4b3f752677", "input": "Question: Does comorbidity influence multiple aspects of well-being of patients with ischemic heart disease?\nAnswer: This study showed a consistent pattern of associations between somatic comorbidities and multiple aspects of well-being among patients with IHD. Findings may increase cardiologists' interest to identify and treat somatic conditions among IHD patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c51e743911dc4aaf947dbcaadfedd8af", "input": "Question: Is the effect of Rho kinase inhibition on long-term keratinocyte proliferation rapid and conditional?\nAnswer: ROCK inhibition rapidly and conditionally induces indefinite proliferation of keratinocytes. This method has far-reaching applications for basic research, as well as for regenerative and personalized medicine.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8884c38b0dd84948a4b54dfa7ed3dceb", "input": "Question: Does hypoxia augment the calcium-activated chloride current carried by anoctamin-1 in cardiac vascular endothelial cells of neonatal mice?\nAnswer: Ano1 formed CaCC in CVECs of neonatal mice. Hypoxia enhances Ano1-mediated ICl ( C a) density via increasing its expression, altering the ratio of its splicing variants, sensitivity to membrane voltage and to Ca(2+) . Ano1 may play a role in the pathophysiological processes during ischaemia in heart, and therefore, Ano1 might be a potential therapeutic target to prevent ischaemic damage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8cb07d2f28248d3b6004deba7d98251", "input": "Question: Do matrix metalloproteinase-8 inhibitors mitigate sepsis-induced myocardial injury in rats?\nAnswer: MMP-8 inhibitor attenuated myocardial injury in septic rats, which might be related to reduced expression of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9e416eda52f4e6ab82fb0b51277a5ee", "input": "Question: Does metformin ameliorate insulin resistance in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells through upregulation of SIRT3?\nAnswer: Upregulated SIRT3 is involved in the pharmacological mechanism by which metformin promotes glucose uptake. Additionally, SIRT3 may function as an important regulator of oxidative stress and a new alternative approach for targeting insulin resistance-related diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d0489a9c88614c0fb3a88f1fb076e814", "input": "Question: Does theanine improve the function of dendritic cells via the downregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression?\nAnswer: Theanine inhibits the transcription and translation of COX-2 and regulates the balance of IL-10/IL-12 secretion in bombesin-inhibited DCs, leading to the recovery of a state of activation in DCs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eeb8a7a8e9b145e1bbe5623ea5753b5b", "input": "Question: Does optic nerve crush induce spatial and temporal gene expression patterns in retina and optic nerve of BALB/cJ mice?\nAnswer: A number of detrimental gene expression changes occur that contribute to trauma-induced neurodegeneration after injury to ON axons. Nrn1 (synaptic plasticity gene), Synpr and Syt1 (synaptic vesicle fusion genes), and Vsnl1 (neuron differentiation associated gene) were a few of the potentially unique genes identified that were down-regulated spatially and temporally in our rodent ONC model. Bioinformatic meta-analysis identified significant tissue-specific and time-dependent gene clusters associated with regenerative changes, synaptic plasticity, axonogenesis, neuron projection, and neuron differentiation. These ONC induced neuronal loss and regenerative failure associated clusters can be extrapolated to changes occurring in other forms of CNS trauma or in clinical neurodegenerative pathological settings. In conclusion, this study identified potential therapeutic targets to address two key mechanisms of CNS trauma and neurodegeneration: neuronal loss and regenerative failure.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c894567bdc54222a49d669b21f8ad43", "input": "Question: Is cardiopulmonary exercise testing more accurate than ECG-stress testing in diagnosing myocardial ischemia in subjects with chest pain?\nAnswer: In patients with chest pain, CPET showed a better diagnostic and predictive accuracy than traditional ET to detect/exclude myocardial ischemia. Its use should be encouraged among physicians as a first line diagnostic tool in clinical practice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-822fee6014484ecaa15bac36851fdb4a", "input": "Question: Does long-term reduction of T-cell intracellular antigens lead to increased beta-actin expression?\nAnswer: Collectively, these results suggest that TIA proteins can function as long-term regulators of the ACTB mRNA metabolism in mouse and human cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a90287d79eb415ca96d91b51db1eaf2", "input": "Question: Does epigenome-wide DNA methylation assay reveal placental epigenetic markers for noninvasive fetal single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping in maternal plasma?\nAnswer: The present studies systematically identified hypermethylated sites in fetal tissues and preliminarily demonstrated that some of the fetal epigenetic markers that contain informative SNPs have great potential for noninvasive fetal genetic diagnosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6eec6e6014ea4f69a42162d21ae5f922", "input": "Question: Does notch pathway target proangiogenic regulator Sox17 to restrict angiogenesis?\nAnswer: Our findings demonstrate that the Notch pathway restricts sprouting angiogenesis by reducing the expression of proangiogenic regulator Sox17.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-14a62a6db3f041a59b9be5c81be3db20", "input": "Question: Does hemodynamic disturbed flow induce differential DNA methylation of endothelial Kruppel-Like Factor 4 promoter in vitro and in vivo?\nAnswer: Hemodynamics influence endothelial KLF4 expression through DNMT enrichment/myocyte enhancer factor-2 inhibition mechanisms of KLF4 promoter CpG methylation with regional consequences for atherosusceptibility.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa964ad0dbc84389bafbdfc08ab34f51", "input": "Question: Does liver stiffness by transient elastography predict liver-related complications and mortality in patients with chronic liver disease?\nAnswer: Liver stiffness by TE accurately predicts the risk of death or hepatic complications in patients with chronic liver disease. TE may facilitate the estimation of prognosis and guide management of these patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2931fbc04ec344ad9a5f6ab09da88ede", "input": "Question: Does high basal level of autophagy in high-altitude residents attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury?\nAnswer: Patients living at a high altitude with congenital heart disease resisted ischemia-reperfusion injury during cardiac surgery better than those at a low altitude, possibly through elevated basal autophagy induced by chronic hypoxia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-01d3eac7b735496f8d877087f8ec8794", "input": "Question: Is allocentric but not egocentric orientation impaired during normal aging : an ERP study?\nAnswer: These results suggest that elderly individuals present with deficits when spatial orientation relies on allocentric representation, and are associated with age-related deficits in spatial attention.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1835d89c4912412da9d38c4583a5c423", "input": "Question: Does seasonal ambient air pollution correlate strongly with spontaneous abortion in Mongolia?\nAnswer: The present study identified alarmingly strong statistical correlations between ambient air pollutants and spontaneous abortion. Further studies need to be done to examine possible correlations between personal exposure to air pollutants and pregnancy loss.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-859e0228183b46d2b0ee059c8378607a", "input": "Question: Do wedge and needle liver biopsies show discordant histopathology in morbidly obese patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery?\nAnswer: Wedge biopsy pairs had the best Kappa concordance but contralateral needle/needle biopsy pairs had good Kappa concordance. There were no complications from the 40 needle- and wedge liver biopsies, confirming the safety of laporoscopic multi-biopsy in both liver lobes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e773a547abb4401ab7f5dc1ceafc4cee", "input": "Question: Do [ Negative symptoms predict the improvement of social functioning of patients with schizophrenia ]?\nAnswer: Improvement of negative symptoms predicts the short-term improvement of social functioning of schizophrenia patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94bde193f2074f3d9ba7ef2302f131d1", "input": "Question: Is linagliptin fixed-dose combination with metformin bioequivalent to co-administration of linagliptin and metformin as individual tablets?\nAnswer: FDC tablets of linagliptin and metformin are bioequivalent to individual tablets of respective dose strengths taken together. Both treatments were well tolerated.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-71a64d646a05419dab603612273c6fcd", "input": "Question: Is c5 variant associated with decreased risk of coronary artery disease in outpatients with severe hypercholinesterasemia?\nAnswer: The prevalence of the C5 variant was relatively high, and the C5 variant is associated with decreased risk of CAD in outpatients with severe hypercholinesterasemia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9d3edf5ddbd243c0a5f74ec79131faea", "input": "Question: Do younger women have a higher risk of in-hospital mortality due to acute myocardial infarction in Chile?\nAnswer: In the context of a Latin American country, women aged<55 years with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and Killip class I-II had a higher risk of death. Known risk factors do not completely explain this excess of risk.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e26fb8a505094115a87d81b8c9efc62b", "input": "Question: Does microRNA-194 inhibit the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells by targeting FoxM1?\nAnswer: Our study clearly demonstrates that miR-194 inhibits the acquisition of the EMT phenotype in gastric cancer cells by downregulating FoxM1, thereby inhibiting cell migration and invasion during cancer progression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6bf2cfe33de3467f8c6e8fa8a3a89116", "input": "Question: Does [ Ac-hE-18A-NH2 inhibit the inflammatory response induced by ox-LDL via inhibiting NF-\u03baB activation in RAW264.7 macrophages ]?\nAnswer: Ac-hE-18A-NH2 may suppress TNF-\u03b1 secretion and mRNA expression in ox-LDL stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages via I\u03baB-NF-\u03baB signaling pathway. The anti-inflammatory effect of Ac-hE-18A-NH2 is better than that of apoA-I mimic peptide D-4F.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1bdc868924ac47d98e3e36d908538182", "input": "Question: Do presence of antigen-specific somatic allelic mutations and splice variants predict for immunological response to genetic vaccination?\nAnswer: These results suggest that antigen-specific immune responses detectable after treatment with this genetic vaccine are specific for the host-encoded antigen and not due to epitope differences between the vaccine and a particular individual's somatic coding sequence.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2c004bfa059b4addb6968f84881d7540", "input": "Question: Does calreticulin contribute to C1q-dependent recruitment of microglia in the leech Hirudo medicinalis following a CNS injury?\nAnswer: These data give new insight into calreticulin/C1q interaction in an immune function of neuroprotection, suggesting another molecular target to use in investigation of microglia reactivity in a model of CNS injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9fb122a73824181b908a256c489e391", "input": "Question: Does the Drosophila Chmp1 protein determine wing cell fate through regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling?\nAnswer: Drosophila Chmp1 negatively regulates DER signaling, likely through its role in MVB formation. Loss of Chmp1 activity in the Drosophila wing induces a cell fate change from intervein to vein that should provide a useful tool for future studies of ESCRT protein activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-17dcc42d00ce421c80c37997e5afab30", "input": "Question: Do kinetic analyses reveal potent and early blockade of hepatitis C virus assembly by NS5A inhibitors?\nAnswer: DAAs that target NS5A rapidly inhibit intracellular assembly of genotype 1a virions. They also inhibit formation of functional replicase complexes, but have no activity against preformed replicase, thereby resulting in slow shut-off of viral RNA synthesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae9ec7f3860a4798a458497f9ebeed1e", "input": "Question: Are cerebrospinal fluid transferrin levels reduced in patients with early multiple sclerosis?\nAnswer: Our biochemical study provides evidence that altered iron homeostasis within the brain occurs in the very early phases of the disease, and suggests that the transporter protein transferrin may play a role in the increased iron deposition known to occur in the brain of MS patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-30548a091b0a4a97a82ea6ab4f8195b6", "input": "Question: Is 131I therapy and Graves ' disease in a long term observation : euthyroidism a suitable goal . Our experience?\nAnswer: 131I can be the first line treatment for Graves' disease in small-medium thyroids. Calculated doses can achieve a high amount of long term euthyroid patients. Similar results could be expected by fixed doses of 10 mCi.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bc0e4848a17643ada2a891ecb798b4a5", "input": "Question: Does effect of AST on age-associated changes of vocal fold in a rat model?\nAnswer: These results suggest that AST has the potential to attenuate age-associated changes of vocal folds.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-72e8b79941e04df0a4936ea1cf151624", "input": "Question: Is a germline missense mutation in COQ6 associated with susceptibility to familial schwannomatosis?\nAnswer: Although the exact oncogenetic mechanisms in this schwannomatosis family remain to be elucidated, our data strongly indicate a probable role of COQ6 mutation and CoQ10 deficiency in the development of familial schwannomatosis.Genet Med 16 10, 787-792.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-59d5892f4e424b13af490f4009904002", "input": "Question: Do unaffected family members report improvements in daily routine sun protection 2 years following melanoma genetic testing?\nAnswer: Members of high-risk families reported increased daily routine sun protection and decreased sunburns 2 years following melanoma genetic testing, with no net decline in sun protection following negative test results. Thus, genetic testing and counseling may motivate sustained improvements in prevention behaviors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fe47be7917449e3977d59f8fde4af6b", "input": "Question: Does gALNT4 predict clinical outcome in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: Intratumor GALNT4 expression is a potential independent prognostic factor for overall and relapse-free survival in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Further external validation and functional analysis should be performed to assess its potential prognostic and therapeutic value in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c56d34e4d3474701bc1752cf364b895b", "input": "Question: Does human cytomegalovirus infection induce leukotriene B4 and 5-lipoxygenase expression in human placentae and umbilical vein endothelial cells?\nAnswer: The presence of HCMV coincided with high 5-LO expression in cells of in vivo HCMV infected placentae. HCMV induced up-regulation of 5-LO in both ex vivo HCMV-infected placental explants and HUVEC. HCMV induced LT-biosynthesis in congenitally infected placentae may have a role in pathogenesis of congenital HCMV disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e33aa7787ff4d0c8d990ac0b9764b1a", "input": "Question: Is thoracoscopic lobectomy associated with acceptable morbidity and mortality in patients with predicted postoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 second or diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide less than 40 % of normal?\nAnswer: VATS lobectomy can be performed with acceptable rates of morbidity and mortality in patients with reduced ppoFEV1% or ppoDLCO%.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c918557d1fc449fb5e6a2fd78b62f7d", "input": "Question: Is hyphema a risk factor for failure of trabeculectomy in neovascular glaucoma : a retrospective analysis?\nAnswer: Postoperative hyphema was significantly correlated with the outcome of trabeculectomy for NVG. There was no significant association between preoperative IVB and postoperative hyphema or the results of trabeculectomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f631dc4cd50d47d39816f44800f94f1c", "input": "Question: Is early systemic sclerosis : serum profiling of factors involved in endothelial , T-cell , and fibroblast interplay marked by elevated interleukin-33 levels?\nAnswer: Our study suggests that an endothelial, T-cell and fibroblast activation can be present in patients with early SSc and it is associated with a distinct profile of circulating factors involved in the cross-talk of these cells. The marked increase of IL-33 in early SSc patients suggests new routes of investigation of cell-cell dynamics in target tissues predating overt disease manifestations, thus opening to new therapeutic approaches.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e10e662a7ae04b9593e1584a837d5a78", "input": "Question: Do reactive oxygen species regulate the quiescence of CD34-positive cells derived from human embryonic stem cells?\nAnswer: This study reveals that NOX4 produces ROS in CD34(+) cells during vascular differentiation of hESCs, and shows that modulation of ROS levels using antioxidants such as selenium may be a novel approach to increase the vascular differentiation efficiency of hESCs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a361e5f199dd4c9f95b8927a1ef53ea3", "input": "Question: Does genome-wide association study identify variants associated with autoimmune hepatitis type 1?\nAnswer: In a genome-wide association study, we associated AIH type 1 with variants in the major histocompatibility complex region, and identified variants of SH2B3and CARD10 as likely risk factors. These findings support a complex genetic basis for AIH pathogenesis and indicate that part of the genetic susceptibility overlaps with that for other immune-mediated liver diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-66c0caa08483440d94bb3c4063e00dc1", "input": "Question: Is motor development in 3-month-old healthy term-born infants associated with cognitive and behavioural outcomes at early school age?\nAnswer: Detailed aspects of motor development at 3 months of age are associated with cognition and behaviour, but not with motor outcome, in healthy children at early school age. Our findings suggest that early motor development may be the basis for later cognitive and behavioural performance. Since the associations were only moderate, possible environmental influences should be acknowledged.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-77ede8b091574d5d937536cc11995469", "input": "Question: Do serine proteases and protease-activated receptor 2 mediate the proinflammatory and algesic actions of diverse stimulants?\nAnswer: Diverse proinflammatory and algesic agents activate melagatran-sensitive serine proteases that cause inflammation and pain by a PAR2-mediated mechanism. By inducing self-activating proteases, PAR2 amplifies and sustains inflammation and pain. Serine protease inhibitors can attenuate the inflammatory and algesic effects of diverse stimuli, representing a useful therapeutic strategy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e89b9670e2f74039b9b6b1cafb84a6c9", "input": "Question: Does taurine supplementation decrease homocysteine levels and liver injury induced by a choline-deficient diet?\nAnswer: Taurine supplementation failed to ameliorate impaired Hcy metabolism and liver injury caused by CDD intake.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ce31ed1bad148b1bad5da832c0ddbb8", "input": "Question: Is nighttime ambulatory blood pressure associated with atrial remodelling and neurohormonal activation in patients with idiopathic atrial fibrillation?\nAnswer: Nighttime blood pressure is associated with left atrial size and the release of natriuretic peptides in normotensive patients with idiopathic atrial fibrillation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d498c854edb4306ada5bab66ae1b800", "input": "Question: Do biomarkers S100B and neuron-specific enolase predict outcome in hypothermia-treated encephalopathic newborns*?\nAnswer: Serum S100B and neuron-specific enolase levels in babies with neonatal encephalopathy are associated with neurodevelopmental outcome at 15 months. These putative biomarkers of brain injury may help direct care during therapeutic hypothermia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e83e468071e4be1a0df2b516f2d340f", "input": "Question: Is vasoactive-inotropic score associated with outcome after infant cardiac surgery : an analysis from the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium and Virtual PICU System Registries?\nAnswer: Maximum vasoactive-inotropic score calculated in the first 24 hours after cardiac ICU admission was strongly and significantly associated with morbidity and mortality in this multi-institutional cohort of infants undergoing cardiac surgery. Maximum vasoactive-inotropic score more than or equal to 20 predicts an increased likelihood of a poor composite clinical outcome. The findings were consistent in stratified analyses by age and surgical complexity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-443db04272484f419686446850cf95ac", "input": "Question: Does the extent of the perihemorrhagic perfusion zone correlate with hematoma volume in patients with lobar intracerebral hemorrhage?\nAnswer: Our findings illustrate that the extent of the PHZ cannot be generally assumed to be constant in size and that this differs significantly following hematoma reduction in patients with space occupying lobar SICH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-337cc34c60564d51a1b0f9936c604b03", "input": "Question: Does high expression of Cullin1 indicate poor prognosis for NSCLC patients?\nAnswer: These data suggested that Cullin1 might promote the progression of NSCLC and be a biotarget for NSCLC's therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c71da6f11d341aab2b73e553f25e23a", "input": "Question: Does nanoencapsulation in lipid-core nanocapsules control mometasone furoate skin permeability rate and its penetration to the deeper skin layers?\nAnswer: This formulation is suitable for prolonged treatment of skin disorders which should avoid systemic absorption.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e1c2caa61fc455a95dafd0175614577", "input": "Question: Does quality improvement intervention reduce episodes of long-term acute care hospital central line-associated infections?\nAnswer: The decision was made to implement the revised bathing protocol throughout the entire LTACH hospital stay.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-99a0d3f52e464be19ee837af2f0aae9c", "input": "Question: Do a system for context-aware intraoperative augmented reality in dental implant surgery?\nAnswer: The system allowed the surgeon to fully concentrate on the surgery itself. It offered greater flexibility since the surgeon received all relevant information, but was free to deviate from it. Accuracy of the realized implants remains an open issue and part of future work.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-218f3a360a3e43f48cc6d636726d7b97", "input": "Question: Does remote ischemic preconditioning differentially affect NADPH oxidase isoforms during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion?\nAnswer: Remote IPC limited the IR-induced microcirculatory dysfunction, but the protective effect did not affect all NOX homologs (at least not NOX4). The residual damage and inflammatory activation could well be linked to the unchanging NOX4 activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dbfad2fe2db34a0bb0dc69b210ddce57", "input": "Question: Is native arterio-venous fistula the vascular access of choice for hemodialysis in end stage renal disease?\nAnswer: We concluded that Arterialised arm superficial veins after primary AV fistula was the optimal and rational vascular access for hemodialysis providing adequate blood flow during this process. Besides, failure of primary AV fistula should be replaced by secondary AV fistula preferably based on brachial artery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1acaaf3b4ffd4f59a41d832019ed6e5a", "input": "Question: Does renal excretion of fluoride after fluoride mouth rinse in children?\nAnswer: After the use of a fluoride mouthwash, in children, there is a statistically significant increase of fluoride ion in urine, which can be attributed to the application of this product.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab75349c3fd24412bc4e5023c5a80048", "input": "Question: Does pathologic heterogeneity persist in early active multiple sclerosis lesions?\nAnswer: These findings continue to support the concept of patient-dependent immunopathological heterogeneity in early MS and suggest that the mechanisms and targets of tissue injury may differ among patient subgroups. These observations have potentially significant implications for individualized therapeutic approaches.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e18515e8f364c3796ec57498ca28ee5", "input": "Question: Are progranulin protein levels differently regulated in plasma and CSF?\nAnswer: While some correlation exists between plasma and CSF PGRN, age, sex, and genetic factors differently affect PGRN levels. Therefore, caution should be taken when using plasma PGRN to predict PGRN changes in the brain. These findings further highlight that plasma PGRN levels may not accurately predict clinical features or response to future frontotemporal lobar degeneration therapies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-13298bd9637941cbadc820c05406fb14", "input": "Question: Does peer passenger influence on male adolescent drivers ' visual scanning behavior during simulated driving?\nAnswer: The presence of a male peer passenger was associated with a reduction in the visual scanning range of male adolescent drivers. This reduction could be a result of potential cognitive load imposed on the driver due to the presence of a passenger and the real or perceived normative influences or expectations from the passenger.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d07cb42641b743c2bdc65f8228cb4362", "input": "Question: Is hAGE ( DDX43 ) a biomarker for poor prognosis and a predictor of chemotherapy response in breast cancer?\nAnswer: This is the first report to show HAGE to be a potential prognostic marker and a predictor of response to ACT in patients with BC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a46224f49a441b3b64b00bc5a0ec1e3", "input": "Question: Does intrathecal antagonism of microglial TLR4 reduce inflammatory damage to blood-spinal cord barrier following ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats?\nAnswer: The results indicate that compromised BSCB caused by I/R injury lead to spinal microglial activation and TLR4, its membrane-bound receptor, up-regulation, which then initiate neuro-inflammation and neuro-apoptosis via NF-\u03baB/ IL-1\u03b2 pathway. To inhibit the positive feedback loop of TLR4-microglia-NF-\u03baB/ IL-1\u03b2 pathway by minocycline, TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, NF-\u03baB inhibitor) may provide new targets for treating I/R injury in clinic.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c628e6882374f65ab430ea207c2f318", "input": "Question: Does clinical presentation and disease course of inflammatory bowel disease differ by race in a large tertiary care hospital?\nAnswer: We identified significant differences in disease characteristics and extraintestinal manifestations between AA and Ca IBD patients in a large tertiary care population. These results have implications for future genotype-phenotype studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb4b4d434ee9412bb1aeaa46a4dd9979", "input": "Question: Are withanolides potent novel targeted therapeutic agents against adrenocortical carcinomas?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate the first evidence of the anticancer efficacy of withanolides in ACC cells and provide support for future translational evaluation of these compounds as novel therapeutic agents for ACC patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-793bcc9cfd364e49a9df0192dd8fa8da", "input": "Question: Do mesenchymal stem cells regulate airway contractile tissue remodeling in murine experimental asthma?\nAnswer: Therapeutic mesenchymal stem cell infusion in murine experimental asthma is free of unwanted pro-remodeling effects and ameliorates airway hyper-responsiveness and contractile tissue remodeling. These outcomes support furthering the development of mesenchymal stem cell-based asthma therapies, although caution and solid preclinical data building are warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-49f4b5f6407148ae9b15704b236a913a", "input": "Question: Is vEGF , VEGFR3 , and PDGFRB protein expression influenced by RAS mutations in medullary thyroid carcinoma?\nAnswer: This is the first study identifying that the expression of TKI targets differs according to the presence of RAS mutations in MTC. This information could potentially be used to select the most beneficial TKI treatment for these patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-60d46dce008c439e81432dd82162c4c1", "input": "Question: Are adverse drug events a major cause of acute medical admission?\nAnswer: ADE are a common cause of hospital admission. The most frequent problems are postural hypotension and vasovagal syncope, intentional drug misuse and dehydration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-adfccf5f451b4018a22cf68103454f04", "input": "Question: Do clinical experience with 3-dimensional surface matching-based deep inspiration breath hold for left-sided breast cancer radiation therapy?\nAnswer: The DIBH patient setup appears to provide a fairly reproducible degree of cardiac sparing with random uncertainties of \u2248 0.2 cm. The treatment durations are clinically acceptable and appear not to change significantly over time on an intrapatient basis, and to improve over time on an interpatient basis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b92dda469f9a4c60ae684d3c35a42091", "input": "Question: Is elevated serum androstenedione associated with a more severe phenotype in women with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS )?\nAnswer: Increased serum \u03944A levels, which are associated with more severe PCOS phenotypes, possibly contribute to the worsening of PCOS features and therefore could be a valuable marker of biochemical hyperandrogenemia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4c1b8b46e5a4068942da1dd57833d07", "input": "Question: Does [ Glycyrrhizin inhibit human neutrophil elastase-induced mucin 5AC overproduction in human bronchial epithelial cells ]?\nAnswer: Glycyrrhizin can inhibit MUC5AC overproduction via p38-NF-\u03baB p65/I\u03baB\u03b1 signaling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f61807af083457ea35c7437f97dd6f5", "input": "Question: Does laparoscopic hernia complexity predict operative time and length of stay?\nAnswer: LVHR is safe with a low incidence of perioperative complications. Patients with multiple, larger and recurrent hernias have longer operative times and LOS. This information can be used to guide preoperative planning for the patient, surgeon and treating institution.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-070684a9cd5e4f78b6a3713b8a112d58", "input": "Question: Do bioactive chitosan nanoparticles and photodynamic therapy inhibit collagen degradation in vitro?\nAnswer: Combined photochemical cross-linking of rat tail collagen by PDT and binding to CSnp inhibit collagenolytic activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3f0fc0cd3b7f416694b8f93d23924414", "input": "Question: Is acquisition of conditioned eyeblink responses modulated by cerebellar tDCS?\nAnswer: Acquisition and timing of conditioned eyeblink responses is modified by cerebellar tDCS in a polarity dependent manner.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2d3ba27077d642ef89d6b33d1888c7f7", "input": "Question: Does lung cancer stigma predict timing of medical help-seeking behavior?\nAnswer: FINDINGS suggest that stigma influences medical help-seeking behavior for lung cancer symptoms, serving as a barrier to prompt medical help-seeking behavior.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-da1c2a4277654e779e20d1ea270dc5b9", "input": "Question: Does polymerase I and transcript release factor act as an essential modulator of glioblastoma chemoresistance?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that PTRF acts as a modulator in GBM chemoresistance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fac7adb009b5448daf430a4ef07e504b", "input": "Question: Is complement factor 3 associated with insulin resistance and with incident type 2 diabetes over a 7-year follow-up period : the CODAM Study?\nAnswer: Changes in C3 were associated with changes in several measures of IR and may reflect progression of metabolic dysregulation, which eventually leads to abnormalities in glucose tolerance and T2DM.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e94f559e3b2043939d51270e0712d006", "input": "Question: Do rapid chemical characterisation of stilbenes in the root bark of Norway spruce by off-line HPLC/DAD-NMR?\nAnswer: The off-line HPLC/DAD-NMR method is expedient for the unambiguous identication of structurally similar stilbenes in plant extracts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d7fea777ef3a4b52b945a8b25c0d6ff1", "input": "Question: Is self-reported depression increasing among socio-economically disadvantaged adolescents - repeated cross-sectional surveys from Finland from 2000 to 2011?\nAnswer: The largest increases in prevalence of severe depression are seen among socio-economically disadvantaged adolescents. This suggests that inequalities in mental health may become an increasing concern.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e4298cb3cce4dcaacc09655f29c9dfb", "input": "Question: Is lower mortality rate in people with dementia associated with better cognitive and functional performance in an outpatient cohort?\nAnswer: Three-year mortality rates are dependent on baseline functional and cognitive status.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8fd5114de73541b78a73948e5a0531b9", "input": "Question: Is a genetic variant in primary miR-378 associated with risk and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese population?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that rs1076064 may be a biomarker for HCC susceptibility and prognosis through altering pri-miR-378 transcription.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b6bdbc5968454da3a1d2a49aaec51537", "input": "Question: Does expression microarray identify the unliganded glucocorticoid receptor as a regulator of gene expression in mammary epithelial cells?\nAnswer: This work presents the first identification of targets of unliganded GR. We propose that the balance between targets of liganded and unliganded GR signaling is responsible for controlling differentiation and apoptosis, respectively, and suggest that gene regulation by unliganded GR may represent a mechanism for reducing the risk of breast tumourigenesis by the elimination of abnormal cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-db44a3002ed74bf48b860cb4219f5adb", "input": "Question: Is gSTP1 promoter methylation associated with recurrence in early stage prostate cancer?\nAnswer: Greater GSTP1 promoter methylation in cancer tissue was independently associated with the risk of recurrence in patients with early prostate cancer. This suggests that GSTP1 promoter methylation may be a potential tissue based recurrence marker.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f49bea5daa6d48ffa6223cb9c6bf0eb9", "input": "Question: Does functional magnetic resonance imaging during urodynamic testing identify brain structures initiating micturition?\nAnswer: Our study is one of the first reports of brain activation centers associated with micturition initiation in normal healthy females. Results show activation of a brain network consisting of regions for motor control, executive function and emotion processing. Further studies are planned to create and validate a model of brain activity during normal voiding in women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c685008b326a437ba40cbf483fb8f6c5", "input": "Question: Is hIC2 a novel dosage-dependent regulator of cardiac development located within the distal 22q11 deletion syndrome region?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate a novel role for Hic2 in cardiac development. Hic2 is the first gene within the distal 22q11 interval to have a demonstrated haploinsufficient cardiac phenotype in mice. Together our data suggest that HIC2 haploinsufficiency likely contributes to the cardiac defects seen in distal 22q11 deletion syndrome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-500f533e4a504529ad05d4c26d20e409", "input": "Question: Does cD3 antibody and IL-2 complex combination therapy inhibit atherosclerosis by augmenting a regulatory immune response?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that in addition to suppressing Teff responses, enhancing Treg-mediated immune responses is more efficacious in preventing atherosclerosis, suggesting a novel therapeutic approach for atherosclerosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9bbc615973144e74bc27ae0fe2b82a16", "input": "Question: Is gATA5 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in the ascending aorta related to aortic size and valve morphology?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that GATA5, possibly through upregulation of eNOS, plays a role in the development of aortic dilatation in patients with unicuspid and bicuspid aortic valves. The differential gene expression in patients with unicuspid compared with bicuspid aortic valves suggests that the pathogenesis of both aortic valve anomalies may be different.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d14f207074af4b31b339f9159bfeae0e", "input": "Question: Does modulation of imidazoline I2 binding sites by CR4056 relieve postoperative hyperalgesia in male and female rats?\nAnswer: CR4056 is a novel pharmacological agent under development for postoperative pain both as stand-alone treatment and in association with morphine. CR4056 has successfully completed Phase I studies for tolerability and pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers, and is currently entering the first proof-of-concept study in patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-27f33e3363f642f697de8f72be6ec00c", "input": "Question: Does the HeartShield device reduce the risk for right ventricular damage in patients with deep sternal wound infection?\nAnswer: The use of the HeartShield device significantly minimizes the contact between the right ventricle and the sternal edges, thereby decreasing the risk for life-threatening complications due to bleeding.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-88cf8bbd3e694261b01d3349df237b9d", "input": "Question: Does the tissue Doppler imaging derived post-systolic velocity notch originate at the aortic annulus?\nAnswer: The AA represents the site of the earliest onset and maximal amplitude of the PSN on the longitudinal velocity curve suggesting its mechanism to be that of an energy release at the instant of the aortic valve closure causing an apically directed acceleration of the myocardium. A substantial number of healthy subjects exhibit a second PSN spike predominantly at the level of the AA. Its mechanism remains to be elucidated.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c812c612d79444288b2ae949fa05fd61", "input": "Question: Is guideline-concordant administration of prothrombin complex concentrate and vitamin K associated with decreased mortality in patients with severe bleeding under vitamin K antagonist treatment ( EPAHK study )?\nAnswer: Guideline-concordant VKA reversal with PCC and vitamin K within eight hours after admission was associated with a significant decrease in seven-day mortality.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc365141e2cd4c4596aa054bb2c3bd66", "input": "Question: Does hyperhomocysteinemia independently cause and promotes atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice?\nAnswer: Homocysteinemia accelerates atherosclerotic lesions and induces early atherosclerosis independently in LDLr(-/-) mice. Reducing the level of homocysteinemia may be beneficial for prevention and treatment of CHD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f277ce88c26844cf81ad9698b2a7e2d7", "input": "Question: Does pEG-IFN alpha but not ribavirin alter NK cell phenotype and function in patients with chronic hepatitis C?\nAnswer: PEG-IFNa activates NK cells possibly contributing to virological responses independently of RBV. The role of NK cells during future IFN-free combination therapies including RBV remains to be determined.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a14c16accc7846808ba37dfec39c13c0", "input": "Question: Are artemisinin-based combination therapies efficacious and safe for treatment of uncomplicated malaria in HIV-infected Ugandan children?\nAnswer: Treatment of uncomplicated malaria with AL or DP was efficacious and safe in HIV-infected children taking ART. However, there was a high risk of recurrent parasitemia following AL treatment, which was significantly lower in children taking LPV/r-based ART compared with nevirapine-based ART.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f600c758f93649dd931c2a464cb56fba", "input": "Question: Does hematuria duration predict kidney function at 1 year in ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis?\nAnswer: In ANCA-GN, hematuria duration does not predict eGFR at 1 year. Our findings provide support that among individuals who are otherwise considered to be in clinical remission, the persistence of hematuria should not delay transition from induction to maintenance immunosuppression.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f892c48438fd489c80f5281ad1586c27", "input": "Question: Does sUMOylation of Grb2 enhance the ERK activity by increasing its binding with Sos1?\nAnswer: Our results provide evidences that Grb2 is SUMOylated in vivo and this modification enhances ERK activities via increasing the formation of Grb2-Sos1 complex, and may consequently promote cell motility, transformation and tumorigenesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c67360a6e19f46058a989fed6d9f38f7", "input": "Question: Does gender modify the effects of education and income on sleep quality of the patients with coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: Among female but not male patients with CAD, low education and income were associated with poor sleep quality. This information helps us better understand the mechanisms behind the poor sleep quality of the female patients with CAD. This is important because poor sleep is a prognostic factor among the CAD patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5264384287c44134b2d0fb30ffe706cb", "input": "Question: Does human cardiac extracellular matrix support myocardial lineage commitment of pluripotent stem cells?\nAnswer: Human cardiac ECM seems to direct differentiation of pluripotent stem cells towards a cardiomyocyte phenotype. This phenomenon supports the use of cardiac ECM preparations for guided stem cell differentiation and myocardial repair, and may ultimately increase the therapeutic efficacy of cell therapy in heart failure patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a19158162d74688a63c9e4fc688980f", "input": "Question: Is 14-3-3\u03b7 a novel mediator associated with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and joint damage?\nAnswer: Extracellular 14-3-3\u03b7 activates key signalling cascades and induces factors associated with the pathogenesis of RA at concentrations found in patients with RA, and its expression is higher in patients with radiographic damage and RA progression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8268e2f72e7742de803b854f87548c77", "input": "Question: Does early sac shrinkage predict a low risk of late complications after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair?\nAnswer: Early change in aneurysm sac diameter is a strong predictor of late complications after EVAR. Patients with major sac shrinkage have a very low risk of complications for up to 5 years. This parameter may be used to tailor postoperative surveillance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-da785baa8ce340d1a2e722bef82c72e4", "input": "Question: Does stigma predict residential treatment length for substance use disorder?\nAnswer: These results are consistent with other findings suggesting that people with higher self-stigma may have a lowered sense of self-efficacy and heightened fear of being stigmatized and therefore retreat into more protected settings such as residential treatment, potentially resulting in higher treatment costs. Specialized clinical interventions may be necessary to help participants cope with reduced self-efficacy and fear of being stigmatized.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3885e1242e7b43d6aefa52f0e4de1299", "input": "Question: Does standardizing corneal nerve fibre length for nerve tortuosity increase its association with measures of diabetic neuropathy?\nAnswer: Standardizing corneal nerve fibre length for tortuosity enhances the ability to differentiate individuals with diabetes, with and without neuropathy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-24ba651aaf8740e0bc454dacc2bc8cee", "input": "Question: Is allodynia associated with a higher prevalence of depression in migraine patients?\nAnswer: This study identified allodynia, in addition to high migraine attack frequency, as a new migraine-specific factor associated with depression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-44fa8e376b9d4bfa88271dda40232380", "input": "Question: Does tissue factor predict response to chemotherapy in esophageal cancer?\nAnswer: TF expression levels in pretreatment biopsy samples are useful for predicting response to NACT in advanced esophageal cancer. Further studies of mechanisms underlying the relationship between TF expression and chemosensitivity are needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee994e1b21a34ebd9cfbcbeee6476a76", "input": "Question: Are the Randomized Olmesartan and Diabetes Microalbuminuria Prevention ( ROADMAP ) observational follow-up study : benefits of RAS blockade with olmesartan treatment sustained after study discontinuation?\nAnswer: Development of microalbuminuria is a valid marker for future CV events. RAS blockade with Olmesartan might cause sustained reduction (legacy effect) of micro- and macrovascular events.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-493957960d6041328ea26d9baaeacede", "input": "Question: Is nuclear localization of a1A-adrenergic receptors required for signaling in cardiac myocytes : an \u201c inside-out \u201d a1-AR signaling pathway?\nAnswer: Together, our data identify a novel, \u201cinside-out\u201d nuclear a1A-subtype/PKCd/cTnI-signaling pathway that regulates contractile function in adult cardiac myocytes. Importantly, these data help resolve the discrepancy between nuclear localization of a1-ARs and a1-AR-mediated physiologic function.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ccdc09cbeff42b7a8dc83a1ec9cbf13", "input": "Question: Does activation of mTOR contribute to foam cell formation in the radial arteries of patients with end-stage renal disease?\nAnswer: Inflammation contributed to foam cell formation in the radial arteries of ESRD patients via the dysregulation of the LDLr pathway, which could be modulated by the activation of the mTOR pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8c8b5ed5662845f6aeb3a2f5b5b81667", "input": "Question: Are nitric oxide , IL-6 and IL-13 increased in the exhaled breath condensates of children with allergic rhinitis?\nAnswer: Despite local application, the intranasal allergen challenge increased IL-13/EBC concentration in the AR children. As EBC reflects the status of lower airway segments, our observation may support the 'united airways' hypothesis, suggesting a functional link between the upper and lower airways.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-31c9522d7a9e4e22a3a38a5a835bf64c", "input": "Question: Are human placenta-derived neurospheres susceptible to transformation after extensive in vitro expansion?\nAnswer: We have developed a cancer stem cell model starting from normal human stem cells derived from amniotic and chorionic placenta membranes. These cells are able to differentiate into neural cell lineages and to undergo spontaneous transformations and acquire an NB-like phenotype.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-93c36f72dea44b0fa4d2b5e1a9dbb995", "input": "Question: Are hDGF and ADAM9 novel molecular staging biomarkers , prognostic biomarkers and predictive biomarkers for adjuvant chemotherapy in surgically resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: These results clearly demonstrate that ADAM9 high expression is correlated positively and significantly with HDGF high expression, which provides essential evidence for the novel HDGF-ADAM9 pathway, through which HDGF promotes invasion and metastasis of NSCLC cells; HDGF and ADAM9 are novel molecular staging biomarkers, prognostic biomarkers, which might become useful predictive biomarkers for the selection of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy treatment in surgically resected stage I NSCLC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5bb59d3a97304e04a3f075683ee6b1dd", "input": "Question: Do brain reserve and cognitive reserve protect against cognitive decline over 4.5 years in MS?\nAnswer: We provide longitudinal support for theories of brain reserve and cognitive reserve in MS. Larger MLBG protects against decline in cognitive efficiency, and greater intellectual enrichment protects against decline in cognitive efficiency and memory. Consideration of these protective factors should improve prediction of future cognitive decline in patients with MS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8cd277283f9d41cbb86e9550b2486c9f", "input": "Question: Is perilipin-5 regulated by statins and controls triglyceride contents in the hepatocyte?\nAnswer: PLIN5 is a physiological regulator of triglyceride metabolism in the liver, and likely contributes to the pleiotropic effects of statins.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-161f4022422844808892226be9210529", "input": "Question: Are sTI patients effective recruiters of undiagnosed cases of HIV : results of a social contact recruitment study in Malawi?\nAnswer: Social contact recruitment by newly diagnosed STI patients efficiently led to new HIV diagnoses. Research to replicate findings and guide implementation is needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6252c9be62f042ac99fd31cb26fed722", "input": "Question: Does endocardial focal activation originating from Purkinje fibers play a role in the maintenance of long duration ventricular fibrillation?\nAnswer: Repetitive endocardial focal activations in the LV endocardium may be associated with activation of subendocardial PFs. This mechanism may play an important role in the maintenance of LDVF.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-46cfe65d851f43b5b8a5d038bd2fdb22", "input": "Question: Does molecular profiling of contact dermatitis skin identify allergen-dependent differences in immune response?\nAnswer: Our study offers new insights into the pathogenesis\u00a0of ACD, expanding the understanding of T-cell activation and associated cytokines in allergen-reactive tissues. It is the first study that defines the common transcriptome of clinically relevant sensitizers in human skin and identifies unique pathways preferentially activated by different allergens,\u00a0suggesting that ACD cannot be considered a single entity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e42713160ae47ab9ff17ea80f467fb4", "input": "Question: Does implementing goal-directed protocols reduce length of stay after cardiac surgery?\nAnswer: A milestone-driven pathway supported by team rounding was associated with decreased lengths of CVICU and hospital stay. However, tracking patient trajectories by milestones suggests a more complex relationship than anticipated and presents new opportunities for SREBP implementation and research.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b44dec04f3a54ae7bec1b4eed575e1aa", "input": "Question: Does mesenteric lymph diversion abrogate 5-lipoxygenase activation in the kidney following trauma and hemorrhagic shock?\nAnswer: 5-LO and FLAP colocalize in the interstitium of the renal medulla following T/HS. MLD attenuates this phenomenon, which coincides with pathologic changes seen in tubules during kidney injury and biochemical evidence of AKI. These data suggest that gut-derived leukotriene substrate predisposes the kidney and the lung to subsequent injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6eb9346ef8984a2ca6be8903a131ccaf", "input": "Question: Do mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns released by abdominal trauma suppress pulmonary immune responses?\nAnswer: Rather than acting as a \"second hit\" to enhance PMN-mediated lung injury, mtDAMPs from trauma and pathogen-associated danger molecules from peritoneal infection diminish PMN accumulation in a contused lung. This may make the lung susceptible to pneumonia. This paradigm provides a novel mechanistic model of the relationship among blunt tissue trauma, systemic inflammation, and pneumonia that can be studied to improve trauma outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f3b88bb8c3a46548206c4f6e06fe3ef", "input": "Question: Does nicotinamide treatment ameliorate the course of experimental colitis mediated by enhanced neutrophil-specific antibacterial clearance?\nAnswer: Pharmacological application of NAM mediates beneficial effects in bacterial and chemically induced colitis. Future studies are needed to explore the clinical potential of NAM in the context of intestinal bacterial infections and human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-179b8c5912634402b3e00c050318b0c0", "input": "Question: Is variation in mortality among populations higher for pymetrozine than for imidacloprid and spiromesifen in Trialeurodes vaporariorum in greenhouses in Finland?\nAnswer: High variation in resistance levels to pymetrozine among populations within natural whitefly dispersal limits reflects variation in the usage of this compound among individual greenhouse crop producers. Thus, resistance management is recommended at the individual greenhouse crop producer level, even in a dense production cluster. \u00a9 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ea5e6f664ad49f99bebd197d86f8032", "input": "Question: Is premature immunosenescence associated with memory dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis?\nAnswer: RA patients had reduced memory performance compared to healthy controls. Expansion of activated and senescence-associated T cells was correlated with poor memory performance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c3b5ee5bc1a4f2ab279fafcdcbd1e41", "input": "Question: Do gram negative wound infection in hospitalised adult burn patients -- systematic review and metanalysis-?\nAnswer: Gram-negative infections predominate in burn surgery. This study is the first to establish that burn wound infections do not differ significantly between burn centres. It is the first study to report the pathogens responsible for the majority of Gram-negative infections in these patients. Whilst burn wound infection is not exclusive to these bacteria, it is hoped that reporting the presence of this group of common Gram-negative \"target organisms\" facilitate clinical practice and target research towards a defined clinical demand.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f4caac98c3404e38b5ad6920dd2305de", "input": "Question: Is lower potassium intake associated with increased wave reflection in young healthy adults?\nAnswer: These data suggest that lower potassium intakes are associated with greater wave reflection and stiffer arteries in young healthy adults.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f86886951fa54085a198b06c4c800c04", "input": "Question: Does latino children 's body mass index at 2-3.5 years predict sympathetic nervous system activity at 5 years?\nAnswer: Increased zBMI early in childhood may dampen young children's SNS responses later in life.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b714f599b604422a94d0250f4ec69141", "input": "Question: Is leg extension power a pre-disaster modifiable risk factor for post-traumatic stress disorder among survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake : a retrospective cohort study?\nAnswer: Leg extension power is a potentially modifiable pre-disaster risk factor among men for attenuating the severity of PTSD symptoms associated with great disasters such as the Great East Japan Earthquake among men.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cda3bcc4adfd4885ba5673e7f9dd07f7", "input": "Question: Does imbalance between pro and anti-oxidant mechanisms in perivascular adipose tissue aggravate long-term high-fat diet-derived endothelial dysfunction?\nAnswer: We suggest that the imbalance between pro-oxidant (NOX, superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide) and anti-oxidant (eNOS, NO, ecSOD, GSSG) mechanisms in PVAT after long-term HFD might contribute to the aggravation of endothelial dysfunction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-96b09086f44f429e94891889fd666e28", "input": "Question: Do serial montreal cognitive assessments demonstrate reversible cognitive impairment in patients with acute transient ischemic attack and minor stroke?\nAnswer: Acute temporary cognitive impairment after TIA/minor stroke is common. The MoCA is sensitive to these changes, but the MMSE is not. Routine cognitive assessment after TIA/minor stroke may be warranted and relevant to return to activities even when other neurological deficits are not evident.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-07f87c8c0631406e9caf52caa4ed7544", "input": "Question: Does hyperintense cortical signal on magnetic resonance imaging reflect focal leukocortical encephalitis and seizure risk in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy?\nAnswer: Seizures are a frequent complication in PML. HCS is associated with seizures and IRIS, and correlates histologically with JCV focal leukocortical encephalitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-69b2c7be8ed7452690ec6828e3b3eab7", "input": "Question: Do `` Pleats fold '' technique of amniotic membrane transplantation for management of corneal perforations?\nAnswer: The AM transplantation procedure may be an effective option for treating corneal perforations when the wound is circular or irregular, except for incised wounds. Our \"Pleats Fold\" AM transplantation technique can achieve definite closure and effectively repair wounds of various sizes. Postoperative astigmatic values were acceptable. Therefore, we recommend this procedure for repairing lesions <3 mm in diameter that do not involve the central cornea and that are infection free.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3fe24f12d5ea48bf95941723b2b6cb3f", "input": "Question: Does change in health-related quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease predict 4-year mortality?\nAnswer: A deterioration of \u22650.50 points in MacNew HRQL Global scores at both one and three months is predictive of 4-year all-cause mortality. Serial HRQL information may be useful to identify patients at higher risk for adverse cardiac events and mortality and may have implications for determining follow-up frequency and treatment in individual patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-98d3183902e3470a8b991dce92481494", "input": "Question: Does severe and morbid obesity ( BMI \u2265 35 kg/m ( 2 ) ) increase surgical time and length of hospital stay in total knee arthroplasty surgery?\nAnswer: Severely and morbidly obese (SMO) patients (BMI \u2265 35 kg/m(2)) undergoing TKA surgery do not require longer operative time or hospital stay than non-obese or obese Class I patients. The fact that surgical time was not significantly different could be due to greater specialisation in the treatment of these patients, which may favour a lower incidence of post-operative complications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c6f84302e41141c2ba28d4a3716265ae", "input": "Question: Do gut epithelial barrier dysfunction and innate immune activation predict mortality in treated HIV infection?\nAnswer: Gut epithelial barrier dysfunction, innate immune activation, inflammation, and coagulation-but not T-cell activation, senescence, and exhaustion-independently predict mortality in individuals with treated HIV infection with a history of AIDS and are viable targets for interventions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c35d964628a4935ae8b8f3e295cdbd6", "input": "Question: Does vitamin D deficiency promote epithelial barrier dysfunction and intestinal inflammation?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates that vitamin D is an important mediator of intestinal epithelial defenses against infectious agents. Vitamin D deficiency predisposes to more-severe intestinal injury in an infectious model of colitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5be06f4e08ff4544ae167f315d676f4f", "input": "Question: Does novel individual metabolic profile characterize the protein kinase B-alpha ( pkb\u03b1-/- ) in vivo model?\nAnswer: Specific metabolic characterization should be assessed individually. Therefore, our in silico model enables novel insights inaugurating specific primary preventive strategies targeting individual metabolic profiling precisely.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-85100d4b83be457ba8dfca1c64788ddf", "input": "Question: Does pPAR\u03b3 activation affect endothelin activity in non-diabetic patients with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia?\nAnswer: In non-diabetic patients with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia, pioglitazone improves insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, and inflammation but does not affect endothelin activity. Our data suggest that the determinants of endothelin-1 vascular activity in vivo may differ and/or be more complex than those suggested by the results of previous in vitro studies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5c007f5e937a4ff181a659be884ca58f", "input": "Question: Does real-time magnetic resonance assessment of septal curvature accurately track acute hemodynamic changes in pediatric pulmonary hypertension?\nAnswer: Septal curvature metrics are able to estimate right ventricular afterload and track acute changes in pulmonary hemodynamics during vasodilator testing. This suggests that septal curvature could be used for continuing assessment of load in pulmonary hypertension.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3471278608104179849bfcf725a2cd57", "input": "Question: Is systolic volume index by Doppler echocardiography an useful marker for stratification and prognostic evaluation in patients with severe aortic stenosis and preserved ejection fraction?\nAnswer: Patients with severe aortic stenosis, normal ejection fraction and low aortic flow have a worse prognosis. Analysis of aortic flow by Doppler echocardiography is useful in risk stratification and therapeutic decision-making in patients with aortic stenosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce6e1406a70a4d50ae7ab8ecf8864f56", "input": "Question: Does eprosartan improve cardiac function in swine working heart model of ischemia-reperfusion injury?\nAnswer: Pre-treatment with Eprosartan is associated with a significant improvement in regional cardiac function under ischemic conditions. Pharmacological treatment with eprosartan may exert a direct cardioprotective effect on ischemic myocardium.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6a21a7516bbd41bf8fd1ae300dbb2006", "input": "Question: Does development and evaluation of a novel contamination device that target multiple life-stages of Aedes aegypti?\nAnswer: This ovitrap is a promising new tool in the battle against Dengue. It has proven to be attractive to Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and effective in contaminating these with Beauveria bassiana. Furthermore, we show that the larvicide pyriproxyfen is successfully disseminated to breeding sites close to the trap. Its low production and operating costs enable large scale deployment in Dengue-affected locations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9abd1671f20044d7be7e68cacc809829", "input": "Question: Do qT Dispersion and T Wave Peak-to-end Interval Dispersion in Children with Kawasaki Disease?\nAnswer: In conclusion, the QT interval (corrected or non-corrected) and the Tp-Te dispersion significantly increased in the patients with KD which shows repolarization changes during the acute phase of KD. However, there is no correlation between the QT interval and the coronary involvement.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-49dc7f773f8b4025a6583cd64537ada1", "input": "Question: Does kidney biopsy result versus clinical parameters on mortality and ESRD progression in 2687 patients with glomerulonephritis?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrates histological diagnosis of GN and its specific subtype predicts patient survival and dialysis incidence. Therefore, kidney biopsy should be an integral part of routine diagnostic assessment in patients with any forms of suspected GN.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-42275583156a4193b2521f91d95877d6", "input": "Question: Does visual gene-network analysis reveal the cancer gene co-expression in human endometrial cancer?\nAnswer: The results of this study provide a powerful biomarker discovery platform to better understand the progression of ECs and to uncover potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of ECs. This information might lead to improved monitoring of ECs and resulting improvement of treatment of ECs, the 4th most common of cancer in women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-511fd29892a043118fe42f0df08db749", "input": "Question: Is elevated mean platelet volume associated with silent cerebral infarction?\nAnswer: MPV is a novel index for SCI regardless of classical cardiovascular risk factors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-512058576051496dad9ca2ce42d97927", "input": "Question: Do [ Clinical apprehension on application of Tri-lock BPS total hip arthroplasty ]?\nAnswer: Short-term results show that the design of Tri-lock BPS is more in line with human anatomy, and has the advantages in rapid recovery of hip function and retains more bone mass. It offers a newly valuable technology for the treatment of osteonecrosis, femoral neck fracture and DDH and so on.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f8a9758b9755486a858a014e1fc227be", "input": "Question: Is a CD8 T cell/indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase axis required for mesenchymal stem cell suppression of human systemic lupus erythematosus?\nAnswer: We found a previously unrecognized CD8+ T cell/IFN\u03b3/IDO axis that mediates the therapeutic effects of allogeneic MSCs in lupus patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-55182add411f4c72a9536b5a5cac41c4", "input": "Question: Is it all in the factors : effects of cognitive remediation on symptom dimensions?\nAnswer: CR can have not only a positive effect on disorganisation but also on negative symptoms. Using detailed symptom dimensions can characterise more accurately the effect of CR on symptom of schizophrenia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dfe7ab67d4514855af6ea48e10aa0d78", "input": "Question: Is recovery of fibrinogen concentrate after intraosseous application equivalent to the intravenous route in a porcine model of hemodilution?\nAnswer: This study suggests that intraosseous administration of fibrinogen concentrate results in a recovery of fibrinogen similar to that of intravenous administration. The intraosseous route of fibrinogen concentrate could be a valuable alternative in situations where intravenous access is not feasible or would be time consuming.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4140e9a77b144470baa1c741d12713a0", "input": "Question: Are men traveling away from home more likely to bring malaria into high altitude villages , northwest Ethiopia?\nAnswer: Travel outside of their home was an important risk of malaria infections acquisition. Targeting males who frequently travel to malarious areas can reduce malaria transmission risks in high altitude areas.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0016205b1474db08e04168057a0ef2b", "input": "Question: Does breast tumor specific mutation in GATA3 affect physiological mechanisms regulating transcription factor turnover?\nAnswer: We propose that this specific, cancer-derived mutation in GATA3 deregulates physiologic protein turnover, stabilizes GATA3 binding across the genome and modulates the response of breast cancer cells to estrogen signaling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f0ca95b2e724bcd82e04be5a514ce6f", "input": "Question: Does e2F3a gene expression have prognostic significance in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia?\nAnswer: Low expression of E2F3a was associated with inferior prognosis in childhood ALL. An algorithm composed of E2F3a expression and MRD could predict relapse or induction failure more precisely than that of the current risk stratification.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f59919aae21b4ceaba0bffcdc031291d", "input": "Question: Does neamine inhibit oral cancer progression by suppressing angiogenin-mediated angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation?\nAnswer: Neamine effectively inhibits oral cancer progression through inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Neamine also directly inhibits proliferation of certain types of oral cancer cells. Therefore, neamine has potential as a lead compound for oral cancer therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-69beef71c4d04c439ab5bb30b9fb91e1", "input": "Question: Is overexpression of NOTCH-regulated ankyrin repeat protein associated with breast cancer cell proliferation?\nAnswer: NRARP may stimulate cell proliferation in human breast cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-82949595a3da4c0e9a29b51e62c77d0a", "input": "Question: Does macular pigment optical density measurements by one-wavelength reflection photometry -- influence of cataract surgery on the measurement result?\nAnswer: As established by comparison of pre- to post-operative measurements, cataract presented a strong effect on MPOD measured by one-wavelength reflection method. Particular care should therefore be taken when evaluating MPOD using this method in elderly patients with progressed stage of cataract. Future optimization of correcting parameters of scattered light and consideration of cataract influence may allow more precise evaluation of MPOD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b0ec5355c194434b6c4f633d4430831", "input": "Question: Does antioxidant effect of Phyllanthus emblica extract prevent contrast-induced acute kidney injury?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated the protective role of PE extract against CI-AKI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c9be04fb4e84b7a9d0256ef24e161a2", "input": "Question: Is nQO1 gene rs1800566 variant associated with risk for multiple sclerosis?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that NQO1 rs1800566 does not have an effect on MS disease risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a72105db678f44fa9fcfebfd3301b405", "input": "Question: Does cD4 count outperform World Health Organization clinical algorithm for point-of-care HIV diagnosis among hospitalised HIV-exposed Malawian infants?\nAnswer: Performance by the WHO algorithm and CD4 thresholds resulted in many misclassifications. Point-of-care CD4 thresholds of <1500 cells/mm(3) or <2000 cells/mm(3) could identify more HIV-infected infants with fewer false positives than the algorithm. However, a point-of-care option with better performance characteristics is needed for accurate, timely HIV diagnosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf01c2052f7343b38e25f702c4ba5859", "input": "Question: Do gNAS gene variants affect \u03b2-blocker-related survival after coronary artery bypass grafting?\nAnswer: GNAS haplotypes independently associate with an increased risk of death after primary coronary artery bypass graft surgery. These results are most pronounced in patients receiving \u03b2AR blockers, strengthening the rationale for personalized treatment, to decrease medication side effects and improve outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fbdbde2fd52e4f6b864eb97c2f3fbd76", "input": "Question: Is complex penetrating duodenal injuries : less better?\nAnswer: An application of basic damage-control techniques for PDT leads to improved survival and an acceptable incidence of complications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b89b2d4dac62431eaaa955661c5695d4", "input": "Question: Are \u03b3-H2AX foci increased in lymphocytes in vivo in young children 1 h after very low-dose X-irradiation : a pilot study?\nAnswer: We found a significant induction of \u03b3-H2AX foci in lymphocytes from post-CT samples of three very young children. When possible, CT exams should be limited or avoided by possibly applying non-ionizing radiation exposure techniques such as US or MRI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a7720534a28d41ad9317d26d01b6cfd6", "input": "Question: Is target weight gain during the first year of hemodialysis therapy associated with patient survival?\nAnswer: The initial fluid removal was related to nutritional markers. The secondary TGW change during the first year of HD treatment calculated after the initial phase of fluid removal was identified as a strong predictor of survival. It was associated with a better food intake whereas the patient case mix was not different. These data highlight the importance of nutrition and food intake in the first year of dialysis therapy and the need for nutritional follow-up and support in incident HD patients. It stresses the need in understanding the key factors associated with food intake in this setting.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9cbe463f52d04be29602027745b69f59", "input": "Question: Do amyloid and APOE \u03b54 interact to influence short-term decline in preclinical Alzheimer disease?\nAnswer: Clinically normal individuals who are APOE \u03b54+ and have high A\u03b2 showed the highest cognitive decline. These results suggest that A\u03b2 and APOE \u03b54 are not redundant contributors of decline in aging but rather interact to promote decline during the short follow-up period examined in this study. Longer follow-up periods will be essential to fully elucidate the influence of Alzheimer disease risk factors on cognitive decline in aging.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e9d56c70508449b8d9839b2c6e60601", "input": "Question: Does hedgehog/Gli promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung squamous cell carcinomas?\nAnswer: Our results suggested that the Shh/Gli pathway may be critical for lung SCC recurrence, metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. Inhibition of the Shh/Gli pathway activity/function is a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of lung SCC patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a96d14687d2749cf91a29a733999c36d", "input": "Question: Is clinical success of intrauterine insemination cycles affected by the sperm preparation time?\nAnswer: The observance of TSP in the range of 40-80 minutes has a potential positive effect on pregnancy rate, while not requiring the investment of supplemental resources. This finding awaits confirmation in randomized trials.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fe4874604e94b86b90ac48760fd65e0", "input": "Question: Is cycling performance decrement greater in hypobaric versus normobaric hypoxia?\nAnswer: Cycling time trial performance is impaired to a greater degree in HH versus NH at the same ambient PO2 equivalent to 4,300\u00a0m despite similar cardiorespiratory responses.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-35b6b66d9ca84b14a009a921fcbc0018", "input": "Question: Are free-fatty-acid-regulating effects of fermented red ginseng mediated by hormones and by the autonomic nervous system?\nAnswer: The path coefficients of cortisol and the branchial pulse for FFA were significantly different between the FRG group and the placebo group.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-275b087a37094104a1ad45d45baef683", "input": "Question: Do impact of electrode design and surgical approach on scalar location and cochlear implant outcomes?\nAnswer: These data suggest that RW and ERW approaches and LW electrodes are associated with an increased likelihood of successful ST placement. Furthermore, electrode position entirely within the ST confers superior audiological outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-df85231cc4db4f58861b4344603eea07", "input": "Question: Are baseline metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis associated with survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer receiving stereotactic body radiation therapy?\nAnswer: Pre-SBRT MTV and TLG are potential predictive factors for overall survival in patients with LAPC and may assist in tailoring therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2425eeb6c749454fb57db1b07af22450", "input": "Question: Is reverse interferon signature characteristic of antigen-presenting cells in human and rat spondyloarthritis?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that expression of HLA-B27 leads to a defect in IFN\u03b3 signaling in antigen-presenting cells in both B27-transgenic rats and SpA patients, which may result in Th17 expansion and Treg cell alteration (as shown in B27-transgenic rats) and contribute to disease pathogenesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09fc76b3396a48b7ba309d8c832dc6e2", "input": "Question: Does inactivation of patched1 in murine chondrocytes cause spinal fusion without inflammation?\nAnswer: Our findings indicate that chronic activation of the HH signal pathway in spinal chondrocytes can trigger an ankylosing spine morphology without immune cell contributions. Hence, the destruction of cartilage and loss of axial joint integrity can result from chondrocyte-intrinsic defects of monogenic origin.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ed47de62e554f1a98f5868a7c0388ea", "input": "Question: Does biofeedback-guided control of abdominothoracic muscular activity reduce regurgitation episodes in patients with rumination?\nAnswer: Rumination is produced by an unperceived somatic response to food ingestion that disrupts abdominal accommodation and can be effectively corrected by biofeedback-guided control of abdominothoracic muscular activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c580a0ee2d074d9287c77e11dfc00760", "input": "Question: Does paeonol protect against premature senescence in endothelial cells by modulating Sirtuin 1 pathway?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that paeonol protects endothelial cells against oxidative stress-induced premature senescence by modulating the expressions of Sirt1 protein and its substrates.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cf2dd0d8e20a4c7ab05f5da43a6a53cf", "input": "Question: Does kynurenine production mediated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase aggravate liver injury in HBV-specific CTL-induced fulminant hepatitis?\nAnswer: Kynurenine and IFN-\u03b3 induced by the administration with HBV-specific CTL are cooperatively involved in the progression of liver injury in acute hepatitis model. Our results may lead to a new therapy for the acute liver injury caused by HBV infection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-231f7f063dbd49e5a5d17303b2ef6cc2", "input": "Question: Are mitochondrial SIRT3 and its target glutamate dehydrogenase altered in follicular cells of women with reduced ovarian reserve or advanced maternal age?\nAnswer: SIRT3 mRNA and active protein in granulosa and cumulus cells were decreased in women with reduced ovarian reserve and advanced maternal age.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ab9a9a563d44c068b33f713829bdb85", "input": "Question: Are human spotted fever group rickettsioses underappreciated in southern Taiwan , particularly for the species closely-related to Rickettsia felis?\nAnswer: Human SFGR exist and are neglected diseases in southern Taiwan, particularly for the species closely-related to R. felis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-de9470e1cb554133a3868fa74e6d74b7", "input": "Question: Is mitochondrial DNA copy number associated with diagnosis and prognosis of head and neck cancer?\nAnswer: mtDNA copy number appears to be associated with HNC stage and survival, but confirmation requires similar studies in larger cohorts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b08d77aded07486cba17ea5555799a43", "input": "Question: Is chk1 required for the metaphase-anaphase transition via regulating the expression and localization of Cdc20 and Mad2?\nAnswer: These results strongly suggest that Chk1 is required for the metaphase-anaphase transition via regulating the subcellular localization and the expression of Cdc20 and Mad2.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f07a4a97623e4829a95960b8a1ab06a7", "input": "Question: Does sedum sarmentosum Bunge extract exert renal anti-fibrotic effects in vivo and in vitro?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that SSBE may have therapeutic potential for fibrotic kidney diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bab1dab4c2244017bab85e4e2f567bcb", "input": "Question: Do neutrophils from allergic asthmatic patients produce and release metalloproteinase-9 upon direct exposure to allergens?\nAnswer: These data demonstrate that the exposure of neutrophils to allergens leads to generation of MMP-9, which may then lead to remodelling in asthma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6f89d7f9003943aaa6c8f7360a41e1f5", "input": "Question: Are c3 and C4 strongly related to adipose tissue variables and cardiovascular risk factors?\nAnswer: A strong relation between C3, C4 and C3a-desArg levels, adipose tissue and risk factors of CVD was established. The data support that the adipose tissue produces complement components and generates initiators of inflammation, such as C3a and C5a, able to trigger a cyto/chemokine response, in proportion to the amount of adipose tissue. This corroborates the concept that complement contributes to the low-grade inflammation associated with obesity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-25d2cd14ada847bd95d2d9088bf113fd", "input": "Question: Does continuous endotracheal tube cuff pressure control system protect against ventilator-associated pneumonia?\nAnswer: The use of a continuous endotracheal cuff pressure control system and/or an endotracheal tube with a lumen for SSD could help to prevent VAP in patients requiring more than 48 hours of mechanical ventilation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c48c65e6ac21411eba4d48adda4efeb6", "input": "Question: Does comparison of not for resuscitation ( NFR ) form across five Victorian health services?\nAnswer: NFR forms should be reviewed and standardised so as to be clear, uniform and consistent with the legislative framework. We propose a two-stage process of documentation. Stage 1 facilitates discussion of patient-specific goals of care and consideration of limitations of treatment. Stage 2 serves to communicate a NFR order. Decisions to withhold resuscitation are inherently complex but could be aided by separating the decision-making process from the communication of the decision, resulting in improved end-of-life care.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-11422a60481d40bba1c70e12a5b50566", "input": "Question: Does thorax irradiation trigger a local and systemic accumulation of immunosuppressive CD4+ FoxP3+ regulatory T cells?\nAnswer: The response of the adaptive immune system to whole thorax irradiation is characterized by local immunoactivation and systemic immunosuppression. The transient accumulation of immunosuppressive CD4+\u2009FoxP3+ Treg may be required to protect the lung against excessive inflammation-induced tissue damage. Further investigations shall define the mechanisms underlying the accumulation of Treg and their role for the pathogenesis of radiation-induced lung disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c17add4d22bc455fbb17f2cffa73db0f", "input": "Question: Does tRIB3 alter endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced \u03b2-cell apoptosis via the NF-\u03baB pathway?\nAnswer: TRIB3 mediated ER stress-induced \u03b2-cell apoptosis via the NF-\u03baB pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5688ca625b2a4e3bb47dc8fb541d6c8c", "input": "Question: Is additional surgical procedure a risk factor for surgical site infections after laparoscopic cholecystectomy?\nAnswer: Additional surgical procedure was identified as a strong risk factor for SSI after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Furthermore, operation time >60\u00a0min, age >55\u00a0years, conversion to open procedure, cystic stump insufficiency, postoperative hematoma, gallbladder perforation, gallbladder empyema, or surgical revision were identified as specific risk factors for SSI after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c3fd3492c0e4f81bb3ce8f093e3f4b6", "input": "Question: Is cannulation time a more accurate measure of cannulation difficulty in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography than the number of attempts?\nAnswer: The grade of cannulation difficulty for a given ERCP procedure may differ when different methods are used (total cannulation time vs number of attempts); thus, grading by different methods should not be used interchangeably. Cannulation time is a more objective and more accurate assessment tool for grading cannulation difficulty than the number of attempts to cannulate the papilla.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-acec1b8482c34b158485b50e3187f30c", "input": "Question: Does taurolidine specifically inhibit growth of neuroblastoma cell lines in vitro?\nAnswer: The observed negative impact on cell growth, highly distinctive in SK-N-BE(2)-M17 and SK-N-SH, implies a taurolidine-specific mode of action that appears dependent on differences on cellular and molecular level. Further investigations are warranted to evaluate its mechanism and probable clinical use.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-38bbc1094bb949e88f21f72ddeff102b", "input": "Question: Does humeral windows and longitudinal split for component removal in revision shoulder arthroplasty?\nAnswer: In both groups, there were no cases of malunion or clinical loosening. These data suggest that windows and longitudinal splits facilitate controlled removal of well-fixed components with high rate of union and low rate of intraoperative or postoperative sequelae.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-748e9eb6ca7a41d9a3237f35dd363cc8", "input": "Question: Do common variants on 9p21.3 are associated with brain arteriovenous malformations with accompanying arterial aneurysms?\nAnswer: Common 9p21.3 variants showed similar effect sizes for association with BAVM as previously reported for aneurysmal disease. The association with BAVM appears to be explained by known associations with aneurysms, suggesting that BAVM-associated aneurysms share similar vascular pathology mechanisms with other aneurysm types.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca186981ef2f4203ad58f6fe2e6e7e8b", "input": "Question: Does intracanal delivery of Resolvin E1 control inflammation in necrotic immature rat teeth?\nAnswer: RvE1 and TAP had a positive impact on reducing inflammation and promoting root formation. RvE1 was more effective in reducing inflammation at earlier stages. RvE1 has potential to be used as root canal dressing to control inflammation in endodontically compromised teeth before complete root formation. Stability of RvE1 within the root canal and its delivery are issues to be addressed before its clinical use.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-38f84478ed2b49bab203203a902a30e3", "input": "Question: Does limited evidence suggest standard fluoride toothpaste reduces caries potential in preschool children?\nAnswer: Standard F toothpastes are effective in reducing dental caries in the primary teeth of preschool children and thus their use should be recommended to this age group.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a27555295f12466fa7eec63e47af4b2e", "input": "Question: Does activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u03b2/\u03b4 attenuate acute ischemic stroke on middle cerebral ischemia occlusion in rats?\nAnswer: The study suggests the neuroprotective effect of the PPAR-\u03b2/\u03b4 ligand GW0742 in acute ischemic stroke by a mechanism that may involve its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic action.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ebf99b52e2394786acbc26d00c6e65c9", "input": "Question: Does serum high-mobility group box 1 protein correlate with cognitive decline after gastrointestinal surgery?\nAnswer: Serum HMGB1 and IL-6 levels increase significantly after major gastrointestinal surgery in elderly patients and such elevations are associated with the occurrence of cognitive decline after surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d96ae139da294f72b620448234a456cf", "input": "Question: Is adenovirus species C associated with chronic suppurative lung diseases in children?\nAnswer: HAdV-C is the major HAdV species detected in the lower airways of children with PBB and BE. Younger age appears to be an important risk factor for HAdV(+) of the lower airways and influences the likelihood of bacterial coinfection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e3bca4537b8447187434aa2cc0f2431", "input": "Question: Does severe leukoaraiosis portend a poor outcome after traumatic brain injury?\nAnswer: We provide first evidence that preexisting cerebral small vessel disease independently predicts a poor functional outcome after closed head TBI. This association is independent of other established outcome predictors such as age, comorbid state as well as intensive care unit complications and interventions. This knowledge may help improve prognostic accuracy, clinical management, and resource utilization.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b81ea6ade7cf49c38cefc467e5ef376d", "input": "Question: Is home death associated with frequency of physician home medical care visits : a questionnaire survey on communications in home medical care settings?\nAnswer: The frequency of doctor home-visits was the only factor identified that was positively associated with the occurrence of home death in home medical care settings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-56120cf78a1146a3ade592440711bdff", "input": "Question: Does peptide XIB13 reduce capillary leak in a rodent burn model?\nAnswer: Xib13 improved angiogenesis, reduced edema formation and showed no side effects on other physiological parameters. Since edema formation is a serious parameter for burn conversion and is associated with survival it could provide a new treatment option for patients with burn injuries.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5647ea2d432f4b98a039cbed43530041", "input": "Question: Does overexpression of long noncoding RNA HOTAIR predict a poor prognosis in patients with cervical cancer?\nAnswer: our data indicate that high expression of HOTAIR is involved in cervical cancer progression and could be a potential target for diagnosis and gene therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cdd87ff8cc73425e8ce619e1e461ec79", "input": "Question: Is lPA rs10455872 polymorphism associated with coronary lesions in Brazilian patients submitted to coronary angiography?\nAnswer: We confirmed the association of the LPA rs10455872 with CAD in a large sample of Brazilian patients. For the LPA rs3798220, our finding is consistent with studies which showed the lack of this genetic association.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9d250683cc54992959a10ba3f01997b", "input": "Question: Is the ratio of plasma interleukin-18 a sensitive biomarker for acute kidney injury after liver transplantation?\nAnswer: Plasma IL-18 concentrations taken 1 hour after reperfusion were predictive of AKI. Therefore, changing IL-18 ratio may be an early predictor for AKI after OLT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-55cf125c2c4e4d5ea3a4a33156d3381d", "input": "Question: Do bile CXC motif chemokine 10 levels correlate with anti-donor cytotoxic T cell responses after liver transplantation?\nAnswer: Measurements of bile CXCL10 levels could predict anti-donor cytotoxic T cell responses in liver transplant recipients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9c810487db6e46a58bf256eb14effd7c", "input": "Question: Are hypertension and hepatitis C virus infection strong risk factors for developing late renal dysfunction after living donor liver transplantation : significance of renal biopsy?\nAnswer: Although HCV and hypertension were determined to be independent risk factors for LRD after LDLT, a renal biopsy should be performed when clinical symptoms develop regardless of creatinine levels to provide appropriate treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dbc3a2d6731b470c812ff466e512ae71", "input": "Question: Are antibodies to the amino-terminal domain of desmoglein 1 retained during transition from pemphigus vulgaris to pemphigus foliaceus?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that amino-terminal pathogenic antibodies to the EC domain of Dsg1 were retained, while considerable epitope changes occurred in response to Dsg3 during the shift from PV to PF, with an absolute or significant decrease in pathogenic antibodies to the EC1 domain of Dsg3.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-07bc0999214342979b56030ac1653794", "input": "Question: Does a rapid two-step algorithm detect and identifies clinical macrolide and beta-lactam antibiotic resistance in clinical bacterial isolates?\nAnswer: Having the advantages of the shorter operating time and comparable high sensitivity and specificity with the traditional phenotypic test, our two-step algorithm provides an efficient tool for rapid determination of macrolide and beta-lactam antibiotic resistances in clinical bacterial isolates.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4525b250d41e45af85b74074c6663a98", "input": "Question: Does cognitive executive performance influence functional outcome in euthymic type I bipolar disorder outpatients?\nAnswer: Persistent executive deficits in EutBDI may be related to their frequently reported difficulties in personaland occupational adjustment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-87b933b926914e28a5918286f7be7f28", "input": "Question: Does retrograde coronary vein infusion of cardiac explant-derived c-Kit+ cells improves function in ischemic heart failure?\nAnswer: Our study showed that the RCV infusion approach is an efficient technique for targeted cell delivery to the infarcted myocardium. Cardiac c-Kit(+) cells, delivered using RCV infusion ameliorated progression of heart failure, improved cardiac function and retarded myocardial remodeling in heart failure rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-af9400f071dd4ff38a666c0c75d56687", "input": "Question: Is stromal cell-derived factor-1-3 ' A polymorphism associated with decreased risk of myocardial infarction and early endothelial disturbance?\nAnswer: SDF1-3'A polymorphism is associated with a decreased risk of MI and early endothelial dysfunction, strongly confirming the important atherogenic role of SDF1 gene at clinical level.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-99b20c14cdf44287a56774470eccadee", "input": "Question: Does stress mediate the relationship between sexual orientation and behavioral risk disparities?\nAnswer: Higher prevalence of current smoking and lifetime history of substance use was observed among sexual minorities compared to heterosexuals. Among bisexuals, depressive symptoms accounted for only 0.9-3% of the reduction in the association between sexual orientation and marijuana use and tobacco use, respectively. More comprehensive assessments of stress are needed to inform explanations of the disparities in behavioral risk observed among sexual minorities.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5efcb9d2108451c8091cd3e6d57d581", "input": "Question: Is telling adolescents a parent dying?\nAnswer: Families inform adolescents about the progression of a parent's terminal illness in characteristic ways that remain fairly consistent throughout the illness, and are aimed at easing the adolescents' burden and distress. The families engaged in the process of disclosure in one of four ways: measured telling, skirted telling, matter-of-fact telling, and inconsistent telling. These results will inform the development of interventions that assist families with disclosure and are tailored to each family's communication style.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-92864f6c9dfe414d940af15e27bc26d5", "input": "Question: Is ( 13 ) C enrichment of the CO2 in breast milk and in the breath rapidly modified by changes in the ( 13 ) C content of the diet?\nAnswer: Subjects eating a C4 diet have a higher \u03b4(13)CPDBV value in the breath and breast milk fractions, which diminish rapidly on a C3 diet. Further studies focusing on individual nutrients are warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bc364cd90a884ceaaced81a6504a0ddc", "input": "Question: Does patient-prosthesis mismatch in patients undergoing bioprosthetic aortic valve implantation increase risk of reoperation for structural valve deterioration?\nAnswer: Patients suffering from mismatch were twice as likely to undergo reoperation for aortic bioprosthesis replacement for SVD than those without mismatch.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a2fc1f8b8f7d4cf0ad13b858cd7c38ee", "input": "Question: Does early aggressive nutrition enhance language development in very low-birthweight infants?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates the importance of the protein and energy intakes in VLBW infants in the first week of life not only for growth but also for better language development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-22fe07f5dddd457bbfd649a62120e393", "input": "Question: Do long-term subjective benefit with a bone conduction implant sound processor in 44 patients with single-sided deafness?\nAnswer: The majority of the patients reported an overall improvement from using their BCI. However, the number of users decreases during a longer follow-up time and patients get less enthusiastic about the device after an extended period of use, especially in noisy situations. However, diminished satisfaction because of time-related reductions in processor function could not be ruled out.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-97fc947dedd74857846fb91062aa12e5", "input": "Question: Does suv39h1 protect from myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats?\nAnswer: Overexpression of Suv39h1 results in the de-activation of proinflammatory pathways and reduced apoptosis and myocardial injury. Therefore, Suv39h1 might represent a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce I/R injury under diabetic condition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-896a1ee6a35d49b0a436d57dc9e64095", "input": "Question: Is risk of obstructive sleep apnea with daytime sleepiness associated with liver damage in non-morbidly obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?\nAnswer: A proportion of NAFLD patients without severe obesity is at risk for OSAS with daytime sleepiness, which is associated with the severity of liver damage independently of body mass and other cofactors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-816f336c48984778bf2a9fc6973d0fbd", "input": "Question: Do \u03b4-Opioid receptors in the accumbens shell mediate the influence of both excitatory and inhibitory predictions on choice?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that \u03b4-opioid receptors in the NAc-S were involved in the effects of predictive learning on choice between actions, whether those predictions involve the presence or absence of specific rewarding events.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0ca0cd4bc737472fb5d1c8936c0f7cdf", "input": "Question: Is clusterin/Apolipoprotein J immunolocalization on carotid artery affected by TNF-alpha , cigarette smoking and anti-platelet treatment?\nAnswer: Our study suggests that CLU expression on carotid artery is affected by TNF-alpha, cigarette smoking confirming its association with oxidative and cellular stress and anti-platelet medication reflecting the protective effects of such pharmacological treatment on vascular wall.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-58a084c7d93f435ca365dbb12f80817b", "input": "Question: Do differences in nicotine metabolism of two Nicotiana attenuata herbivores render them differentially susceptible to a common native predator?\nAnswer: Nicotine oxidation reduces S. exigua's headspace-nicotine and renders it more susceptible to predation by spiders than M. sexta, which exhales unmetabolized nicotine. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that generalist herbivores incur costs of detoxification, which include the ecological costs of greater predation risks, in addition to the previously demonstrated energetic, physiological and metabolic costs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a9d62f8786b47f087df551c4874053b", "input": "Question: Do [ Quick identification and discrimination of sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated cimicifugae rhizoma by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ]?\nAnswer: The FTIR method combined with the second derivative IR spectrum can be used to analyze and distinguish sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Cimicifugae Rhizoma quickly and accurately. The developed method provides an efficient approach for the quality control of Chinese herbal medicines with its simplicity and strong specificity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-85f4644c57b54eb987fdf638b8f70a55", "input": "Question: Do early postzygotic mutations contribute to de novo variation in a healthy monozygotic twin pair?\nAnswer: Early postzygotic mutations constitute a substantial proportion of de novo mutations in humans. Therefore, genome mosaicism resulting from early mitotic events during embryogenesis is common and could substantially contribute to the development of diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-821007635e0049c5b9f93f6d4d170dda", "input": "Question: Is routine pathology evaluation of hydrocele and spermatocele specimens associated with significant costs and no identifiable benefit?\nAnswer: No malignancy was detected in 159 hydrocele and spermatocele specimens during the 14 study years, suggesting that the pathology analysis is of\u00a0little clinical benefit. Forgoing surgical pathology analysis of these specimens would result in significant cost savings to the patient and the health care system.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-05575a92295f41c0ad60adaf6a878e70", "input": "Question: Does opioid use after fracture surgery correlate with pain intensity and satisfaction with pain relief?\nAnswer: After operative fracture treatment, patients who take more opioids report greater pain intensity and less satisfaction with pain relief. Greater self-efficacy was the best determinant of satisfaction with pain relief. Evidence-based interventions to increase self-efficacy merit additional study for the management of postoperative pain during recovery from a fracture.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ecd8ac1d5a294933a5cb11f704bea1dc", "input": "Question: Are blood biomarkers helpful in the prediction of response to chemoradiation in rectal cancer : a prospective , hypothesis driven study on patients with locally advanced rectal cancer?\nAnswer: CEA and IL-8 were identified as predictive biomarkers for tumor response and PCR after CRT in rectal cancer. Incorporation of these blood biomarkers leads to an additional accuracy of earlier developed prediction models using clinical variables and PET-information. The new model could help to an early adaptation of treatment in rectal cancer patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6f8e976470114587b7b19239e4233c2e", "input": "Question: Are genetic variants in inducible nitric oxide synthase gene associated with the risk of radiation-induced lung injury in lung cancer patients receiving definitive thoracic radiation?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that genetic variants of NOS2 may serve as a reliable predictor of RILI in lung cancer patients treated with thoracic radiation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ba6f8f79fa7415f83f357775a11e3ce", "input": "Question: Is the positive influence of methotrexate on the mortality of patients with rheumatoid arthritis partly independent of its effect on disease activity : results of a re-evaluation 18 years after baseline?\nAnswer: In this cohort, the mortality lowering effect of continued MTX use was partly independent of its effect on disease activity. This finding may affect treatment decisions concerning RA patients with insufficient response to MTX.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-766cdfc2b6964b7893dfa0481aca10c2", "input": "Question: Does methylglyoxal impair endothelial insulin sensitivity both in vitro and in vivo?\nAnswer: MGO impairs the action of insulin on the endothelium both in vitro and in vivo, at least in part through an ERK1/2-mediated mechanism. These findings may be instrumental in developing novel strategies for preserving endothelial function in diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-19c61eea0ebe44c9b4f84124fdd8ee83", "input": "Question: Is transsulfuration an active pathway for cysteine biosynthesis in Trypanosoma rangeli?\nAnswer: These findings demonstrate that the RTS pathway is active in T. rangeli, suggesting that this may be the only pathway for cysteine biosynthesis in this parasite. In this sense, the RTS pathway appears to have an important functional role during the insect stage of the life cycle of this protozoan parasite.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d5a1e172dd4415ba31f0f59ef94df4c", "input": "Question: Does dehydration affect spinal cord cross-sectional area measurement on MRI in healthy subjects?\nAnswer: Dehydration can confound CSA measurements on MRI. The magnitude of the effect is significant relative to short-term pathological changes that have been observed in diseases such as multiple sclerosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7877cfa4d34e4e0196aab5d07b4612fb", "input": "Question: Is mean platelet volume associated with glycaemic control and retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: This study has shown that an increased MPV is closely associated with poor glycaemic control, which may be a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy. Nonetheless, further prospective studies are needed to assess the relationship between MPV, glycaemic indices and microvascular complications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb0856e2cdd94f108f2948f28e435f04", "input": "Question: Is younger age associated with lower reactive hyperemic index but not lower flow-mediated dilation among children and adolescents?\nAnswer: Younger age is associated with lower RHI but not lower FMD among children and adolescents. These findings call into question the validity and usefulness of digital reactive hyperemia as a method to quantify endothelial function among younger children.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-56b4d9ccb81d45618941fa067bc9f515", "input": "Question: Is low serum bilirubin concentration a predictor of chronic kidney disease?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrated that serum total bilirubin concentration could be a novel risk factor for the progression of CKD, defined as eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2), in the general population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a46bf9caef44b609ee251a3c70c69ba", "input": "Question: Is repeated introperative cholangiography helpful for donor safety in the procurement of right liver graft with supraportal right bile duct variants in living-donor liver transplantation?\nAnswer: Repeated IOC is suggested as a routine for variants of supraportal right bile ducts especially trifurcation pattern in graft procurement to avoid the injury of donor remnant bile ducts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3500b4041b6941a9997c20697beb9b75", "input": "Question: Is growth in preterm infants until 36 weeks ' postmenstrual age close to target recommendations?\nAnswer: Despite achieving a protein and energy intake close to the described target intake, the rate of growth in our infants was lower than indicated by the intrauterine growth curve. Lower gestational age, lower birth weight and severe illness had a negative effect on growth.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c6a1444cbcb4a14bed4fe14b5afd2e7", "input": "Question: Is transient intrauterine fluid accumulation not due to hydrosalpinx or any identifiable pelvic pathology detrimental to IVF outcome?\nAnswer: Transient IUFA not due to hydrosalpinx or any identifiable pelvic pathology has no detrimental effect on IVF pregnancy rates. Hence, cycle cancellation should be avoided in such cycles.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-318438d20440487fbb7713376dc31f67", "input": "Question: Is down regulation of miR-143 related with tumor size , lymph node metastasis and HPV16 infection in cervical squamous cancer?\nAnswer: Down-regulated miR-143 is related with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and HPV16 infection in cervical SCC, but miR-143 does not participate in the Taxol sensitivity response.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-257fd2eb7a5d46d38cbc377f7a00e022", "input": "Question: Does video education provide effective wound care instruction pre- or post-mohs micrographic surgery?\nAnswer: Video education prior to or post-Mohs surgery serves as an effective mechanism for patient education and improvement of time management in clinical practice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-08b5cef7313a404980c91c38be7685fc", "input": "Question: Do [ Effects of continuous positive airway pressure treatment of inflammatory factors in patients with overlap syndrome ]?\nAnswer: CPAP treatment significantly reduces the serum levels of CRP and TNF-\u03b1 so as to improve inflammation responses in OS and OSAS patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6bfac81fa7cc458f95cd37867db1e532", "input": "Question: Is tumour-initiating capacity independent of epithelial-mesenchymal transition status in breast cancer cell lines?\nAnswer: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition does not alter tumour-initiating capacity of breast cancer cells but some other biological characteristics. Therefore, EMT and tumour-initiating capacity may not be directly linked in breast cancer cell lines.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3939e030d1ea4d9183b8a078b33d8788", "input": "Question: Does rutin protect against cognitive deficits and brain damage in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion?\nAnswer: Our results provide new insights into the pharmacological actions of rutin and suggest that rutin has multi-targeted therapeutical potential on cognitive deficits associated with conditions with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion such as vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b0cd253ce3a14b428cf16e37226aeb3c", "input": "Question: Are starch biosynthetic genes and enzymes expressed and active in the absence of starch accumulation in sugar beet tap-root?\nAnswer: Considering underground storage organs, sugar beet tap-root upholds a unique property in exclusively storing sucrose. Lack of starch also in the ancestor sea beet indicates an evolved trait of biological importance.Our findings in this study show that gene expression and enzymatic activity of main starch biosynthetic functions are present in sugar beet tap-root during storage accumulation. In view of this, the complete lack of starch in sugar beet tap-roots is enigmatic.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f6036683385d48b4a776739793a808ef", "input": "Question: Is conventional cytology beneficial for predicting peritoneal recurrence after curative surgery for gastric cancer : results of a prospective clinical study?\nAnswer: Peritoneal washing cytology using samples harvested from two different sites in the abdominal cavity was not able to predict peritoneal recurrence or survival in gastric cancer patients. Further studies will be required to determine whether peritoneal washing cytology during gastric cancer surgery is a meaningful procedure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c1d482275b64141b2fff6dfae85a60b", "input": "Question: Does toll-like receptor 2/4 heterodimer mediate inflammatory injury in intracerebral hemorrhage?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that a novel TLR2/TLR4 heterodimer induced by Hb initiates inflammatory injury in ICH. Interfering with the assembly of the TLR2/TLR4 heterodimer may be a novel target for developing effective treatment of ICH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b663e872a94445099b5e2ec721453f1", "input": "Question: Are bacteriocin-encoding genes and ExPEC virulence determinants associated in human fecal Escherichia coli strains?\nAnswer: The occurrence of bacteriocin-encoding genes and ExPEC virulence determinants correlate positively in E. coli strains of human fecal origin. Bacteriocin synthesis appears to modulate the ability of E. coli strains to reside in the human intestine and/or the virulence of the corresponding strains.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ba2ac4127cb4cc08bdf6d022b11fbbe", "input": "Question: Do momentary negative moods and being with friends precede cigarette use among Korean American emerging adults?\nAnswer: Unlike more established smokers, these younger smokers may be strongly influenced by peer contexts as well as unpleasant affect. The interaction between social contexts and NA highlights a potential window for intervention for the population of KAEA smokers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5cafa019bf2a4b69bba3fcbb57b671f2", "input": "Question: Is red cell distribution width increased in patients with ascending aortic dilatation?\nAnswer: In patients with AAD, RDW and hs-CRP levels are increased, which may indicate the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of AAD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5a92277d8d549b494c99fe3231519b1", "input": "Question: Does weak evidence support the short-term benefits of orthopaedic treatment for Class III malocclusion in children?\nAnswer: There is some evidence that the use of a facemask to correct prominent lower front teeth in children is effective when compared to no treatment on a short-term basis. However, in view of the general poor quality of the included studies, these results should be viewed with caution. Further randomised controlled trials with long follow-up are required.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b4a67d7766844d294f032dc9c1f416a", "input": "Question: Do radiotherapy associated with higher rates of dental implant loss?\nAnswer: Irradiation of the head was linked to increased failure rate of implants compared to failure rates in patients who had not undergone radiotherapy. The failure rate was higher in the maxilla and HBO therapy did not improve implant survival.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3563ae9f01524ac1a0d206865e233292", "input": "Question: Do effectiveness of disinfection therapies and promotion of osteoblast growth on osseotite and nanotite implant surfaces?\nAnswer: The Nanotite implant discs were the most difficult to disinfect, likely because of their chemical and physical properties. Citric acid and tetracycline were most effective for disinfecting the Osseotite implant discs, and further clinical research is needed to verify these effects in vivo. The Nd:YAG laser was the weakest disinfection method, and it is not recommended for disinfecting implant surfaces until its effectiveness is improved.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7c6a2a2f68014f758dc918ad6a3f432d", "input": "Question: Is modified sequential Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy using high dose omeprazole and amoxicillin in the initial phase in the extensive metaboliser Turkish patients for CYP2C19 polymorphism ineffective?\nAnswer: This modified high-dose sequential therapy was ineffective in a Turkish sample, nearly all of whom had EM in terms of CYP2C19 gene status.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-999d19a189b242179673e00a2b4dcfa1", "input": "Question: Do residual neural processing of musical sound features in adult cochlear implant users?\nAnswer: -Automatic brain responses to musical feature changes reflect the limitations of central auditory processing in adult Cochlear Implant users.-The brains of adult CI users automatically process sound features changes even when inserted in a musical context.-CI users show disrupted automatic discriminatory abilities for rhythm in the brain.-Our fast paradigm demonstrate residual musical abilities in the brains of adult CI users giving hope for their future rehabilitation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-46a7685bc51a4b099c29672f48306628", "input": "Question: Does ultraviolet B light attenuate the systemic immune response in central nervous system autoimmunity?\nAnswer: Local UVB radiation of the skin influences systemic immune reactions and attenuates systemic autoimmunity via the induction of skin-derived tolerogenic DCs and Tregs. Our data could have implications for the understanding or therapeutic modulation of environmental factors that influence immune tolerance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d046c69f39c9447b89b7c578b76e9367", "input": "Question: Is the mechanical fibrillation pattern of the atrial myocardium associated with acute and long-term success of electrical cardioversion in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation?\nAnswer: Higher atrial fibrillatory wall velocities and longer AFCLs determined by echocardiography are associated with acute and long-term success of ECV.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2164b197cf7e4c89b4e18dbe7f5fe441", "input": "Question: Do retrospective analysis of facial dog bite injuries at a Level I trauma center in the Denver metro area?\nAnswer: Availability of the plastic surgery service at a Level I trauma center is vital for the optimal treatment of facial dog bite injuries. Direct repair and reconstruction of facial dog bite injuries at the earliest opportunity resulted in good outcomes as evidenced by the satisfaction survey data and low complication rate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-00bd12c934b84bc98bbe2fa69c56e197", "input": "Question: Does levothyroxine therapy before brain death declaration increase the number of solid organ donations?\nAnswer: The early use of LT and aggressive blood product resuscitation was associated with a significantly higher number of solid organs donated per donor. Earlier use of LT before the declaration of brain death may be considered in potential organ donors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c971335d4794495198d72ad2da0ce9fb", "input": "Question: Is preinjury ambulatory status associated with 1-year mortality following lateral compression Type I fractures in the geriatric population older than 80 years?\nAnswer: This is the first study to demonstrate a difference in 1-year mortality between patients who were community ambulators versus those who were household ambulators or nonfunctional ambulators before injury. With our aging population, these findings have important implications. Maintenance of general conditioning and early mobilization with physical therapy after injury is a key part of geriatric orthopedic rehabilitation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-970c9411a4af445b97047abd304c5f62", "input": "Question: Is tumor necrosis factor inhibitor therapy but not standard therapy associated with resolution of erosion in the sacroiliac joints of patients with axial spondyloarthritis?\nAnswer: The SPARCC SSS method for assessment of structural lesions has discriminative capacity in demonstrating significantly greater reduction in erosion and new fat metaplasia in patients receiving anti-TNF\u03b1 therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad525294711d4bf9a3ef4b32d4c6d9ee", "input": "Question: Is serum cytokeratin-19 fragment ( Cyfra 21-1 ) a prognostic indicator for epithelial ovarian cancer?\nAnswer: The pretreatment level of serum Cyfra 21-1 had remarkable prognostic significance for EOC, indicating poor survival when it was elevated above 3.0\u00a0ng/mL.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-effffc4acf9641308746f89fc1b4823f", "input": "Question: Is serum acid sphingomyelinase upregulated in chronic hepatitis C infection and non alcoholic fatty liver disease?\nAnswer: Chronic hepatitis C virus infection and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induce a significant upregulation of serum acid sphingomyelinase which appears as a novel biomarker in chronic hepatopathies. Further studies are required to elucidate the potential of the sphingolipid signaling pathway as putative therapeutic target in chronic liver disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-86e3d9936bc442b698effa3e0f1fe178", "input": "Question: Do eye movements reveal impaired inhibitory control in adult male fragile X premutation carriers asymptomatic for FXTAS?\nAnswer: Antisaccades require inhibitory control to inhibit reflexive eye movements. We found that eye movements are sensitive to impaired inhibitory control in fXPCs asymptomatic for FXTAS. Thus, eye movements may be useful in assessing FXTAS risk or disease progression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4f5c872e36b46a98d0903b7ebcb44fb", "input": "Question: Does carpal tunnel syndrome impair thumb opposition and circumduction motion?\nAnswer: Carpal tunnel syndrome disrupts kinematics of the thumb during opposition and circumduction despite normal pinch strength.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b73f29e9ae804cb3aecdf565f227c5ce", "input": "Question: Does genome-wide study of hypomethylated and induced genes in patients with liver cancer unravel novel anticancer targets?\nAnswer: Our results prove that genes that are hypomethylated and induced in tumors are candidate targets for anticancer therapeutics in multiple cancer cell types. Because these genes are particularly activated in cancer, they constitute a group of targets for specific pharmacologic inhibitors of cancer and cancer metastasis. Clin Cancer Res; 20(12); 3118-32. \u00a92014 AACR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-babc2b0d291f4c6da12e003e7cdeb791", "input": "Question: Does low-intensity pulsed ultrasound induce osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells through activation of bone morphogenetic protein-smad signaling?\nAnswer: Low-intensity pulsed US effectively induced osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells, and the BMP-Smad signaling pathway was involved in the mechanism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1fbbcca59cd46208325f9c851af3a54", "input": "Question: Does paley 's multiplier method accurately predict adult height in children with bone sarcoma?\nAnswer: Owing to its lack of reliability in this patient group, methods other than Paley's should be evaluated to predict adult height. Although limited by a small number of patients, our study results indicate a decreased adult height in patients with bone sarcoma after chemotherapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d527f249e35241568553ab55f5c94c8c", "input": "Question: Does fasting protect liver from ischemic injury through Sirt1-mediated downregulation of circulating HMGB1 in mice?\nAnswer: Fasting for one day protects from hepatic IR injury via Sirt1-dependent downregulation of circulating HMGB1. The reduction in serum HMGB1 appears to be mediated by its engagement in the autophagic response. These findings integrate Sirt1, HMGB1, and autophagy into a common framework that underlies the anti-inflammatory properties of short-term fasting.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-10a0b4f318be41d7a03c8e0ef991a792", "input": "Question: Does pPAR-alpha dependent regulation of vanin-1 mediate hepatic lipid metabolism?\nAnswer: We show that hepatic vanin-1 is under extremely sensitive regulation by PPAR\u03b1 and that plasma vanin activity could serve as a readout of changes in PPAR\u03b1 activity in human subjects. In addition, our data propose a role for vanin-1 in regulation of hepatic TG levels during fasting.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-601e2ea9a26f46fcbf6b3c3a5eb49248", "input": "Question: Does coffee consumption and the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults -- result from a Swedish case-control study?\nAnswer: Our findings confirm that coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk of Type\u00a02 diabetes. Interestingly, the findings suggest that coffee may be associated with development of autoimmunity and possibly an increased risk of more Type\u00a01-like latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ba831e3e69444c5fab03fa1751a36a2b", "input": "Question: Does downregulation of the glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper ( GILZ ) promote vascular inflammation?\nAnswer: Our data show a diminished expression of the anti-inflammatory mediator GILZ in the inflamed vasculature and indicate that GILZ downregulation requires the mRNA binding protein ZFP36. We suggest that reduced GILZ levels play a role in cardiovascular disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-46b0e2e9ffcb4ef696d1937160bd34b7", "input": "Question: Is playground Safety Associated With Playground , Park , and Neighborhood Characteristics?\nAnswer: Park safety levels need to be improved to reduce the risk of physical injuries. Future studies examining cause-effect associations between environmental features and playground safety are warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ef896f5190748aab9c46682af2b8164", "input": "Question: Is aortic valve calcification mediated by a differential response of aortic valve interstitial cells to inflammation?\nAnswer: Proinflammatory stimulation induces an osteogenic phenotype in aortic VICs but not mitral, pulmonic, or tricuspid VICs. We conclude that this differential osteogenic response of aortic VICs contributes to the pathogenesis of calcific aortic stenosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-af295a33b7d34b9f92299dd4a4438edc", "input": "Question: Is inflammation the cause of an elevated serum ferritin in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?\nAnswer: Serum ferritin is related to liver iron storage in NAFLD and decreasing body iron stores by phlebotomy is reflected by an appropriate decrease in serum ferritin. Inflammation is not the cause of the elevated serum ferritin in fatty liver disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e9824b84df742df94b792164c1d2084", "input": "Question: Does pain self-efficacy mediate the relationship between depressive symptoms and pain severity?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that pain management and rehabilitation programs for CLBP should specifically target PSE as a key aspect of treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-084cb87aaace4aa2b6fd001255fbc06d", "input": "Question: Is polymorphism in the epidermal growth factor gene associated with pre-eclampsia and low birthweight?\nAnswer: In this study we found further evidence for the association of polymorphism in the EGF gene with pre-eclampsia and the weight of babies at birth and identified rs3756261A>G as the SNP that makes the most significant contribution to this association. Bioinformatic analysis showed that this effect may be mediated by caudal type homeohox-2, a transcriptional repressor expressed in the trophoblast, for which a binding site is created at this polymorphic site when the rs3756261A allele is present.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1a7b3a7877a4fbd9033c261507cc0ac", "input": "Question: Do insulin resistant rats display enhanced rewarding effects of nicotine?\nAnswer: These present study suggests that insulin resistant rats undergo unique neurobiological changes related to a disruption in insulin signaling that promotes the rewarding effects of nicotine.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f3f50bfa0e44659a81d79f182c28415", "input": "Question: Is immature reticulocyte fraction an early predictor of bone marrow recovery post chemotherapy in patients with acute leukemia?\nAnswer: This study proved that IRF was more useful in predicting bone marrow recovery in a patient with acute leukemia post induction chemotherapy compared with ANC. The IRF is not affected by infection, is easily measured, and inexpensive; thus, it is a reliable parameter to evaluate bone marrow reconstitution.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce3118c6794a43ecbea80ac790463771", "input": "Question: Are nadir PSA level and time to nadir PSA prognostic factors in patients with metastatic prostate cancer?\nAnswer: Nadir PSA and time from PADT to nadir were factors that affect both CRPC and overall survival in a cohort of patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Lower nadir PSA level and longer time from PADT to nadir were good for survival and progression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-89be81b929c54cd887e56d9f4c1e5424", "input": "Question: Do skin stretching for primary closure of acute burn wounds?\nAnswer: Skin Stretch for primary closure of acute burn wounds is a suitable technique and can be considered for specific circumscript full-thickness burn wounds. However, future research should be performed to provide additional scientific evidence.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-020366056ef549aa92f819d7f7afd272", "input": "Question: Is canonical androstenedione reduction the predominant source of signaling androgens in hormone-refractory prostate cancer?\nAnswer: Reduction of androstenedione to testosterone by the canonical HSD17B AKR1C3 is the predominant source of signaling androgens in HRPC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb03cdedbd664a518c7c7da6703ded64", "input": "Question: Is hsa-miR-31-3p expression linked to progression-free survival in patients with KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer treated with anti-EGFR therapy?\nAnswer: Hsa-miR-31-3p seems to be a new mCRC biomarker whose expression level allows for the identification of patients with wild-type KRAS mCRC who are more likely to respond to anti-EGFR therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6467742755e44ee78e815d85685015fd", "input": "Question: Does rNAi screen identify a synthetic lethal interaction between PIM1 overexpression and PLK1 inhibition?\nAnswer: Our findings demonstrate that PIM1-overexpressing cancer cells are particularly sensitive to PLK1 inhibition, suggesting that PIM1 might be used as a marker for identifying patients who will benefit from PLK1 inhibitor treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d19f3a3ec742459f9f2ef5fd4faaa546", "input": "Question: Do ramp-incremented and RPE-clamped test protocols elicit similar VO2max values in trained cyclists?\nAnswer: The RPE-clamped test protocol was as effective as the ramp-incremented protocol for eliciting VO2max and could be considered as a valid alternative protocol, particularly where a fixed test duration is desirable.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a3001c63937642d9892e118fb5f51a2b", "input": "Question: Does caregiver Quality of Life be Related to Severity of Otitis Media in Children?\nAnswer: Worse PedsQL Family Impact and PROMIS scores were highly correlated with elevated OM-6 scores, suggesting that severity of childhood OM significantly affects parent/caregiver QoL. Understanding the impact of a child's illness on parent/caregiver QoL can help physicians counsel patients and families and provide better family-centered, compassionate care.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ea2069bf3ab4796bdefc7c042a0050c", "input": "Question: Are perioperative complications after hemiarthroplasty and total shoulder arthroplasty equivalent?\nAnswer: Multivariate analysis of patients undergoing TSA or HA in the NSQIP database suggests that patient factors-not the procedure being performed-are significant predictors of major complications. Controlling for patient comorbidities, we found no increased risk of perioperative major complications in patients undergoing TSA compared with HA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eba343b921d649828e6a2ea400203cda", "input": "Question: Are action potentials in retinal ganglion cells initiated at the site of maximal curvature of the extracellular potential?\nAnswer: We present a framework how to estimate the site of action potential initiation and the stimulus required to cross threshold in neurons tightly interfaced to capacitive stimulation electrodes. Our results underscore the necessity of rigorous electrical characterization of the stimulation electrodes and of the interfaced neural tissue.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0960d12359974caeaf6a80c5b2e158df", "input": "Question: Are vitamin D deficiency in community-acquired pneumonia : low levels of 1,25 ( OH ) 2 D associated with disease severity?\nAnswer: For 1,25-OH2, we found a significant and independent (controlled for age, season and pathogen) negative correlation to pneumonia severity. Therefore, supplementation of non-activated vitamin D to protect from pneumonia may be non-sufficient in patients that have a decreased capacity to hydroxylate 25-OH to 1,25-OH2.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-74bc36e97af64bb48d6c4c9e21ad812c", "input": "Question: Are most domains of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 reliable?\nAnswer: Most domains on the EORTC QLQ-C30 are reliable and may therefore be used to help inform decision-making processes, such as those involving individual patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bc828bbef4b7417c8e8ba7a2a2486d53", "input": "Question: Does spanish adaptation of the internal functioning of the Work team Scale ( QFI-22 )?\nAnswer: The QFI-22 scale is a useful instrument for assessing the internal functioning of work teams.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-925ac256090a467ea58ddfefb254ce9c", "input": "Question: Is image more than a uniform : the promise of assurance?\nAnswer: Overall appearance and behaviors define the image of nurses and contribute significantly to the brand of assurance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-02a83b5ca8894ef7a9a0111570baad9d", "input": "Question: Do physiologic doses of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate increase acute plasma simian HIV viremia or mucosal virus shedding in pigtail macaques?\nAnswer: In this pigtail macaque model of DMPA and vaginal SHIV infection, we found little or no effect of DMPA on plasma viremia and mucosal virus shedding during acute infection. These results do not support a role of DMPA in increasing mucosal HIV shedding.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b038ada87d60498380adc3d3c521a854", "input": "Question: Are haemorrhoids associated with internal iliac vein reflux in up to one-third of women presenting with varicose veins associated with pelvic vein reflux?\nAnswer: There is a strong association between haemorrhoids and internal Iliac vein reflux. Untreated reflux may be a cause of subsequent symptomatic haemorrhoids. Treatment with methods proven to work in conditions caused by pelvic vein incompetence, such as pelvic vein embolisation and foam sclerotherapy, could be considered.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0275893ab4944c108866c232abf1e938", "input": "Question: Does [ REGgamma promote malignant behaviors of lung cancer cells ]?\nAnswer: REGgamma facilitates malignant biological behaviors of lung cancers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-558e000ea21540a6b5d8c65f7b37f0f2", "input": "Question: Does the mu opioid receptor activation affect ischemia-induced agonal currents in rat spinal ventral horn?\nAnswer: Activation of MORs does not influence ongoing ischemia-induced neuronal death. Our findings indicate that MOR agonist administration should be suitable as an anesthetic during aortic surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-29da17fbe10d4d77a7fb5f7082643f00", "input": "Question: Does improving search over Electronic Health Records using UMLS-based query expansion through random walk?\nAnswer: Our analysis shows that the success of our method is due to the automatic expansion of the query with extra terms, even when they are not directly related in the UMLS Metathesaurus. The terms added in the expansion go beyond simple synonyms, and also add other kinds of topically related terms.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0fc3502cf1a24b48a7902eae1cf3d0b8", "input": "Question: Does hospital Case Volume be Associated With Improved Survival for Patients With Metastatic Melanoma?\nAnswer: For patients diagnosed with metastatic melanoma, being treated in a high-volume hospital was associated with an improvement in survival and lower utilization of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-66469bf7e2f14db8b1ce0b7e70a2f266", "input": "Question: Is n-acetyl-l-methionine a superior protectant of human serum albumin against photo-oxidation and reactive oxygen species compared to N-acetyl-L-tryptophan?\nAnswer: The weakly bound N-AcMet is a superior protectant of albumin, because it is a better ROS-protector and structural stabilizer than N-AcTrp, and it is probable and also useful for other protein preparations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c653412dd604d71a5efa33c33eee411", "input": "Question: Is arecoline cytotoxic for human endothelial cells?\nAnswer: Arecoline is cytotoxic via necrosis for endothelium, while biochemical assays indicate no appreciable cellular leakage before death and detachment, as well as no clear effect on mitochondrial function in viable cells. Arecoline toxicity may thus contribute to reduced vascularity in oral submucous fibrosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c940ed72bb78415089cc8616d387f730", "input": "Question: Do parents as moderators of longitudinal associations between sexual peer norms and Dutch adolescents ' sexual initiation and intention?\nAnswer: Our findings show that different types of sexual peer norms and both general and sexuality-specific parenting play an important role in the early stages of Dutch adolescents' sexual trajectories. Moreover, parent-adolescent communication about sexuality can function as a buffer for the sex-stimulating effects of sexual peer norms.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8a39787d3b6241888f9324c07423ae86", "input": "Question: Does bisphenol A increase atherosclerosis in pregnane X receptor-humanized ApoE deficient mice?\nAnswer: These findings identify a molecular mechanism that could link BPA exposure to increased risk of CVD in exposed individuals. PXR is therefore a relevant target for future risk assessment of BPA and related environmental chemicals in humans.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1752c3911e1e41d4adb9fcd722b4bb61", "input": "Question: Does lithium increase nitric oxide levels in subjects with bipolar disorder during depressive episodes?\nAnswer: The present findings suggest that lithium upregulates NO signaling in unmedicated BD with short illness duration. Further studies with larger samples are needed to confirm the effects of lithium on NO pathway and its association with synaptic plasticity and therapeutics of BD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8bcafb92d4db415e9179689597ceb974", "input": "Question: Does olmesartan prevent cardiac rupture in mice with myocardial infarction by modulating growth differentiation factor 15 and p53?\nAnswer: Olm prevents cardiac rupture through inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation, which is attributable to the down-regulation of p53 activity and up-regulation of GDF-15. Our findings suggest that early administration of an AT1 receptor anatagonist to patients with acute MI is a potential preventive approach for cardiac rupture.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-946d3f7fc2714e88817a13499915ab54", "input": "Question: Is surgical strategy for the gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors ( GISTs ) larger than 5 cm : laparoscopic surgery feasible , safe , and oncologically acceptable?\nAnswer: In patients with gastric GISTs >5 cm, LAP can be performed with outcomes equivalent to those of OPEN if patient selection and intraoperative judgment are appropriate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-59f5f15bf5a34657be3aa195331d29dc", "input": "Question: Is \u03b3-Glutamyltranspeptidase a prognostic marker of survival and recurrence in radiofrequency-ablation treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma?\nAnswer: Serum GGT is a convenient prognostic biomarker related to OS and recurrence in HCC patients undergoing RFA treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b63dea5b1a76430b94b5438e31aa214b", "input": "Question: Do soft-tissue response rate to chin skeletal advancement in patients with lower facial burn scar?\nAnswer: Burn-related retrusive chin can appropriately be treated with sliding osseous genioplasty and will require slight overcorrection compared with patients without a history of lower face burn.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f914975ebc2342bea00f80a67ffe2fe6", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of proteasome-mediated glucocorticoid receptor degradation restore nitric oxide bioavailability in myocardial endothelial cells in vitro?\nAnswer: Summarising our results, we propose a new mechanism involved in the regulation of NO signalling by GCs in myocardial endothelial cells. We suggest that a sufficient GR protein expression plays a crucial role for the management of GC-induced harmful adverse effects, including deregulations of vasorelaxation arising from disturbed NO biosynthesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-19cabc305fe143539431f0d916b8ae55", "input": "Question: Is randomization associated with socio-economic and demographic factors in a multi-center clinical trial of children with sickle cell anemia?\nAnswer: In the SIT Trial, acceptance of random allocation was not associated with socio-economic or demographic factors. Although these factors may represent barriers for some participants, they should not bias investigators caring for children with SCD in their approach to recruitment for clinical trial participation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3169832b7cf14ba28b38ae02ea3c98ca", "input": "Question: Does technical challenge encountered during deployment of the ovation abdominal aortic stent-graft system?\nAnswer: Awareness of certain aspects associated with the use of the Ovation device and adoption of the adjunctive techniques herein described helps the interventionist avoid unexpected challenges or manage technical difficulties to maximize the device's safety and effectiveness.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-df94e2927a86497aa38dbcc87f1878f8", "input": "Question: Does recovery from neuromuscular block in dogs : restoration of spontaneous ventilation exclude residual blockade?\nAnswer: Significant residual neuromuscular block could be measured at the hind limb with acceleromyography when ventilation had spontaneously returned to pre-vecuronium values. Monitoring spontaneous ventilation, including end-tidal CO2 , expired tidal volume, peak inspiratory flow or minute ventilation cannot be used as a surrogate for objective neuromuscular monitoring, and this practice may increase the risk of postoperative residual paralysis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d41d3b069b8c48629113904b719e2ba3", "input": "Question: Does co-ingestion of caffeine and carbohydrate after meal improve performance at high-intensity intermittent sprints with short recovery times?\nAnswer: Co-ingestion of CAF and CHO did not improve high-intensity sprint cycling performance or reduce fatigue in active males. Moreover, combined CAF and CHO supplementation might facilitate catabolism during prolonged high-intensity intermittent exercise.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2bf924612a614cbf81e2a2751ad36a67", "input": "Question: Does combining heat stress and moderate hypoxia reduce cycling time to exhaustion without modifying neuromuscular fatigue characteristics?\nAnswer: Moderate hypoxia in combination with heat stress reduces cycling time to exhaustion without modifying neuromuscular fatigue characteristics. Impaired oxygen delivery or increased cardiovascular strain, increasing relative exercise intensity, may have also contributed to earlier exercise cessation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d93c8c67ae0f42599c4888c90ed602ff", "input": "Question: Do extended high-frequency ( 9-20 kHz ) audiometry reference thresholds in 645 healthy subjects?\nAnswer: When comparing different studies the hearing thresholds were found to be similar. Therefore, it would be possible to establish international standard thresholds.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c6108b73e1a045c294c04d56a2674888", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of peripheral FAAH depress activities of bladder mechanosensitive nerve fibers of the rat?\nAnswer: To our knowledge we report for the first time that inhibiting peripheral FAAH depresses the A\u03b4 and C-fiber activity of primary bladder afferents via CB1 and CB2 receptors. CB antagonists alone exerted facilitatory effects on single unit afferent activity during bladder filling in rats. The endocannabinoid system may be involved in physiological control of micturition as regulators of afferent signals.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e23a5bb294014bfcb0181ff9b38851ae", "input": "Question: Are soluble Klotho levels in adult renal transplant recipients modulated by recombinant human erythropoietin?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that KTR have higher serum Klotho levels than HS and that rhEPO treatment modulates these concentrations, suggesting a link between rhEPO and soluble Klotho in KTR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-476c4bfd025847208205e767a268b339", "input": "Question: Does dual tasking during postural stepping responses increase falls but not freezing in people with Parkinson 's disease?\nAnswer: For people with PD and FoG, forward falls may not always be caused by FoG, particularly under attention-distracting conditions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf25bd51fccb4a5e922719c74e7853a6", "input": "Question: Does physical exercise antagonize clinical and anatomical features characterizing Lieber-DeCarli diet-induced obesity and related metabolic disorders?\nAnswer: ET used as a therapeutic tool mitigated the clinical/anatomical-related features induced by Liber-DeCarli diet, thus possibly contributing to control obesity and metabolic disorders.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-76a63462d65448f88f0356e16969dfdb", "input": "Question: Do public-private partnerships improve health outcomes in individuals with early stage Alzheimer 's disease?\nAnswer: PLM was successful in improving detection of incident cases of dementia in the community and in connecting patients and their families with needed services. Our findings support the use of state agencies and community service partners to detect dementia. Early implementation of psychosocial interventions could have significant impact in improving patient- and family-centered outcomes, potentially providing a cost-efficient alternative to pharmacotherapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d188fe5f52794fdebe32c309eeff71ba", "input": "Question: Does local injection of vasopressin reduce the blood loss during cesarean section in placenta previa?\nAnswer: The local injection of vasopressin into the placental implantation site significantly reduced the blood loss without increasing the morbidity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-23f3e8fb77eb40a38bead638b07d6096", "input": "Question: Does topical application of Kochia scoparia inhibit the development of contact dermatitis in mice?\nAnswer: These findings indicated that KSW ameliorates contact dermatitis via inhibition of the production of several inflammatory mediators. Therefore, external application of KSW may be used for the treatment of contact dermatitis as an alternative therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6e6ad081bd354dae912f3301915a1e0a", "input": "Question: Does preconditioning with the traditional Chinese medicine Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang initiate HIF-1\u03b1-dependent neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia in rats?\nAnswer: Both rats and neurons subjected to HLJDT preconditioning were able to resist ischemia/reperfusion or hypoxia injury through the inhibition of apoptosis and the enhancement of proliferation, and these effects were primarily dependent on the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and HIF-1\u03b1.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-98db437cdc334db38fc5c53adb07fa85", "input": "Question: Does information-enhancement and goal setting techniques for increasing adaptive motivation and decreasing urge to drink alcohol?\nAnswer: The results show that sense of control can be experimentally induced. This finding has important clinical implications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ebba1a887a92449fbc1d551d6af445d3", "input": "Question: Is unprovoked proximal venous thrombosis associated with an increased risk of asymptomatic pulmonary embolism?\nAnswer: Asymptomatic PE affected more than one third of patients with a first DVT. Unprovoked proximal DVT is the most important risk factor for the occurrence of silent PE.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ece17deae0a4343ad63494112d86fd2", "input": "Question: Does a longer time of exposure to antiretroviral therapy improve selenium levels?\nAnswer: Most of the men studied showed selenium deficiency, except for the subjects with a longer exposure to antiretroviral treatment. Thus, an adequate selenium concentration is related to better control of virology and of immunologic function.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-caa5db606ef04084bc8c7b1b6c31dfc3", "input": "Question: Does mesenchymal stem cell application improve tendon healing via anti-apoptotic effect ( Animal study )?\nAnswer: The application of MSCs to decrease re-ruptures has a positive effect on tendon strength, probably due to their anti-apoptotic effects. Mesenchymal stem cell application can be used percutaneously and is effective in clinical practice in the late stages of tendon healing.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2913d9335b404f46a5f6c95897438f66", "input": "Question: Is a Polymorphism in the IL-5 Gene Associated with Inhibitor Development in Severe Hemophilia A Patients?\nAnswer: The lack of other variants in the IL-5 gene of patients and controls suggests that rs2069812 may be a regulatory SNP and may have a role in B-lymphocyte development, constituting a genetic risk factor in antibody development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-edea33d6d8824f1caa7fdcc8f5d00c7b", "input": "Question: Do changes in aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 expression during neoadjuvant chemotherapy predict outcome in locally advanced breast cancer?\nAnswer: ALDH1 expression is a useful predictor of chemoresistance. The up-regulation of ALDH1 after NAC predicts poor survival in locally advanced breast cancer. Although the chemotherapy sequence had no effect on overall prognosis, our results suggest that anthracycline-based chemotherapy may be more effective at targeting ALDH1(+) breast cancer cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d65143099f1c4e0ea3ddbb5456625788", "input": "Question: Is dual oxidase 2 in lung epithelia essential for hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in mice?\nAnswer: Here, we present the novel finding that DUOX2-generated ROS induce AEC death, leading to hyperoxia-induced lung injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c54395df4524033aadc4e19433752b3", "input": "Question: Does global transcriptional analysis reveal surface remodeling of Anaplasma marginale in the tick vector?\nAnswer: The ISE6 tick cell culture line is an acceptable model for early infection in tick salivary glands, and reveals disproportionate down regulation of surface protein genes in the tick. Transcriptional profiling in other cell lines may help us simulate additional microenvironments. Understanding vector-specific alteration of gene transcription, especially of surface protein encoding genes, may aid in the development of vaccines or transmission blocking therapies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b9368042d5a4045b1bc79c8cdde9e9c", "input": "Question: Does cleistocalyx nervosum extract ameliorate chemical-induced oxidative stress in early stages of rat hepatocarcinogenesis?\nAnswer: CE appeared to exert its chemopreventive effects by modulating antioxidant status during DEN and PB induced early stages of hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d7cbea060ab47919baf259590defb2d", "input": "Question: Is the Refit model for end-stage liver disease-Na a better predictor of mortality than the Refit model for end-stage liver disease in patients with cirrhosis and ascites?\nAnswer: Refit MELD and Refit MELDNa exhibited good predictability for 3-month mortality in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. However, Refit MELDNa was not found to be a better predictor than Refit MELD, despite the known relationship between hyponatremia and mortality in cirrhotic patients with ascites.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-142da6c83fe746029b3e697ee2cd3121", "input": "Question: Is metformin-induced thyrotropin suppression associated with cardiac effects?\nAnswer: Our results show that the TSH-suppressive effect observed in patients taking metformin is not associated with peripheral markers of thyroid hormone excess, at least at the cardiac level.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-42c1f3dd58ff4c7995c133e376573f61", "input": "Question: Does intravitreal Injection of Normal Saline induce Retinal Degeneration in the C57BL/6J Mouse?\nAnswer: NS is toxic to the C57BL/6J mouse retina and should not be used as a vehicle for intraocular injection. PBS is not toxic to the retina and is a preferred vehicle.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-711eb763aa024c9eb383c91ede8b7b6d", "input": "Question: Does cyclovirobuxinum D suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in murine macrophages in vitro by blocking JAK-STAT signaling pathway?\nAnswer: CVB-D exerts anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages in vitro at least in part by blocking the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. The anti-inflammatory actions of CVB-D may contribute to its cardioprotection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d945db661cd4f54b95b0b605c4305d1", "input": "Question: Is the expression of Wnt-inhibitor DKK1 ( Dickkopf 1 ) determined by intercellular crosstalk and hypoxia in human malignant gliomas?\nAnswer: In this study, we showed for the first time that the expression of DKK1 was hypoxia dependent in human malignant glioma cell lines. The induction of DKK1 by intracellular crosstalk or hypoxia stimuli sheds light on the intense adaption of glial tumour cells to environmental alterations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-58c65da843314f5aa36faafaa5819ed1", "input": "Question: Are owner-reported coughing and nasal discharge associated with clinical findings , arterial oxygen tension , mucus score and bronchoprovocation in horses with recurrent airway obstruction in a field setting?\nAnswer: Owner-reported coughing and nasal discharge are associated with specific clinical and diagnostic findings in RAO-affected horses in field settings. While airway hyperresponsiveness differentiates best between healthy horses and asymptomatic RAO-affected horses, the absence of coughing and nasal discharge does not rule out significant neutrophilic airway inflammation. Owner satisfaction with the clinical status of the horse was uninformative.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-357166ec7f724cb78c0d3297969e7af1", "input": "Question: Are neuroprotective effects of enriched environment housing after transient global cerebral ischaemia associated with the upregulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 signalling?\nAnswer: Ultimately, these findings suggest the possibility that IGF-1 signalling may be one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of EE in optimizing recovery following cerebral ischaemic injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e1c9e2a5a014498db44f58aec2bf9015", "input": "Question: Does pI3K and Bcl-2 inhibition prime glioblastoma cells to apoptosis through downregulation of Mcl-1 and Phospho-BAD?\nAnswer: Combination therapy with ABT-263 and GDC-0941 has novel therapeutic potential by specifically targeting aberrantly active, deregulated pathways in GBM, overcoming endogenous resistance to apoptosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f791d714b1594292aa690935260f1e20", "input": "Question: Is harm avoidance associated with progression of parkinsonism in community-dwelling older adults : a prospective cohort study?\nAnswer: A higher level of the harm avoidance trait is associated with a more rapid progression of parkinsonism in older adults.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2d1a8ef5a09a4e34945e10cd18e629e8", "input": "Question: Do mutations in the non-structural protein region contribute to intra-genotypic evolution of enterovirus 71?\nAnswer: Unlike VP1 coding sequences long used for phylogenetic study of enteroviruses due to expected host immune escape, our study emphasizes a dominant role of non-synonymous mutations in non-structural protein regions that contribute to (re-)emergent genotypes in continuous stepwise evolution. Dozens of amino acid substitutions, especially in non-structural proteins, were identified via genetic changes driven through intra-genotypic evolution worldwide. These identified substitutions appeared to increase viral fitness in the population, affording valuable insights not only for viral evolution but also for prevention, control, and vaccine against EV71 infection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-207cabb326b74bb3a5c0c50a9373fde3", "input": "Question: Does gastric Helicobacter pylori infection associate with an increased risk of colorectal polyps in African Americans?\nAnswer: This study showed that current gastric H. pylori infection is associated with an increased risk of colorectal polyps in African Americans. Patients with H. pylori induced gastritis may benefit from early screening colonoscopy as a preventative measure for colorectal cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b0534c474a94dbdb18c7d8803683ea1", "input": "Question: Is itching a significant problem and a mediator between disease severity and quality of life for patients with psoriasis : results from a randomized controlled trial?\nAnswer: Pruritus appears to be an important mediator of the association between improvements in disease severity and HRQOL in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b18180ef21d4b2cb38e0cdbffe26c91", "input": "Question: Does epigenetic silencing of RASSF10 promote tumor growth in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: RASSF10 was frequently methylated in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and expression of RASSF10 was regulated by promoter region hypermethylation. RASSF10 may serve as a tumor suppressor of esophageal cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8108f9f2ea3b4c7eb29339d0a00f7958", "input": "Question: Is nuclear factor \u03baB-dependent regulation of angiogenesis , and metastasis in an in vivo model of thyroid cancer associated with secreted interleukin-8?\nAnswer: These studies suggest that NF-\u03baB signaling is a key regulator of angiogenesis and growth of primary and metastatic thyroid cancer, and that IL-8 may be an important downstream mediator of NF-\u03baB signaling in advanced thyroid cancer growth and progression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-02a51131256547728f76ccc996664039", "input": "Question: Does fear extinction require Arc/Arg3.1 expression in the basolateral amygdala?\nAnswer: Our findings demonstrate that Arc is required for long-term extinction of conditioned fear and contribute to the understanding of extinction as a therapeutic manner.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7f16669a6a4409eae2c51f7fa59adcc", "input": "Question: Do mKL1/2 and ELK4 co-regulate distinct serum response factor ( SRF ) transcription programs in macrophages?\nAnswer: I conclude that SRF utilizes MKL1/2 to fulfill steady state cellular functions, including cytoskeletal organization, and utilizes ELK4 to facilitate acute responses to external infection. Together, these findings indicate that SRF, along with its two cofactors, are important players in both cellular homeostasis and stress responses in macrophages.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-51669be8f73244c29db5dea287c341aa", "input": "Question: Do leishmania aethiopica field isolates bearing an endosymbiontic dsRNA virus induce pro-inflammatory cytokine response?\nAnswer: In this study, we report the presence of an immunogenic dsRNA virus in L. aethiopica human isolates. This is the first observation of LRV in Africa, and together with the unique description of LRV2 in Turkmenistan, it confirmed that LRV was present before the divergence of the L. (Leishmania) and (Viannia) subgenera. The potential implication of LRV-Lae on disease severity due to L. aethiopica infections is discussed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-551c3a00114c4f3bb4006209c9629055", "input": "Question: Does cromolyn ameliorate acute and chronic injury in a rat lung transplant model?\nAnswer: These findings provide impetus for further studies aimed at elucidating the effects of cromolyn and the role of mast cells in pulmonary allotransplantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8da1265e82634d42b3000daa9627e8db", "input": "Question: Is the phenotypic predisposition of the parent in F1 hybrid correlated with transcriptome preference of the positive general combining ability parent?\nAnswer: The results revealed that the transcriptome profiles and DEGs in the F1s were highly related to phenotype bias to the positive GCA-effect parent. The transcriptome bias toward high GCA parents in F1 hybrids attributed to H3K36me3 modification both on global modification level and specific signaling pathways. Our results indicated the transcriptome profile and epigenetic modification level bias to high GCA parents could be the molecular basis of GCA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-496f5b33350748b08f0f2188ad2ef5a4", "input": "Question: Does after adjusting for bias in meta-analysis seasonal influenza vaccine remain effective in community-dwelling elderly?\nAnswer: This case study showed that after addressing potential biases influenza vaccine was still estimated effective in preventing hospitalization from influenza and/or pneumonia and all-cause mortality. Increasing the number of assessors and incorporating empirical evidence might improve the new bias-adjustment method.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-959a31da357144ffa752f4929db62d43", "input": "Question: Do neuropsychological function before and after subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation in patients with treatment-resistant depression?\nAnswer: Patients with TRD show slowed processing speed but otherwise largely preserved neuropsychological functioning. DBS of the SCCwm does not result in worsening of any aspect of neuropsychological function and may improve certain domains. Future research is warranted to better understand the effects of TRD and DBS on neuropsychological function.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-994c9e309c2f46af94651582465943cf", "input": "Question: Does toll-like receptor 4 signaling contribute to Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy?\nAnswer: The toll-like receptor TLR4 and MyD88 signaling pathway could be a new potential therapeutic target in paclitaxel-induced painful neuropathy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-08cb9fe258a3477db2032c696affc905", "input": "Question: Does vSL # 3 probiotic treatment decrease bacterial translocation in rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis?\nAnswer: VSL#3 decreases bacterial translocation, the pro-inflammatory state and ileal oxidative damage and increases ileal occludin expression in rats with experimental cirrhosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-604f703c04e544629c72c21649d97c7d", "input": "Question: Does addition of aprepitant improve protection against cisplatin-induced emesis when a conventional anti-emetic regimen fails?\nAnswer: In patients with lung cancer receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy, the addition of aprepitant to a 5-HT3 antagonist, dexamethasone, and metoclopramide improves protection against CINV when the conventional anti-emetic regimen fails.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-67f059cac9e741028bb62c0e3e53ec0f", "input": "Question: Does the secretome of endothelial progenitor cells promote brain endothelial cell activity through PI3-kinase and MAP-kinase?\nAnswer: The present study demonstrates that EPC-derived paracrine factors substantially promote the angiogenic response of brain microvascular endothelial cells. In addition, our findings identified the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways to play a central role in mediating these effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4cc5645615843adae0e5353cf0826c6", "input": "Question: Does autocrine VEGF/VEGFR1 signaling in a subpopulation of cells associate with aggressive osteosarcoma?\nAnswer: Aggressive osteosarcoma phenotypes are mediated by autocrine VEGF/VEGFR1 signaling and improved stratification measures and novel anti-angiogenic strategies may benefit this specific tumor type.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b176cf690fc244c79b414ff942a3a9a5", "input": "Question: Is increased urine semaphorin-3A associated with renal damage in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease : a nested case-control study?\nAnswer: USEMA is independently associated with CKD in both diabetic and non diabetic hypertensive patients. Further studies may help clarify the mechanisms underlying this association and possibly the pathogenic changes leading to the development of CKD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-127569408b4b48d8b8a4f5fb0b0b19ce", "input": "Question: Do dietary flavanols modulate the transcription of genes associated with cardiovascular pathology without changes in their DNA methylation state?\nAnswer: Our study revealed that an 8 week daily supplementation with 200 mg MOF modulates the expression of genes associated with cardiovascular disease pathways without major changes of their DNA methylation state. However, strong inter-individual variation in leukocyte DNA methylation may obscure the subtle epigenetic response to dietary flavanols. Despite the lack of significant changes in DNA methylation, the modulation of gene expression appears to contribute to the observed vascular health effect of MOF in humans.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e0e7063208d4e789be9a85274012ad4", "input": "Question: Are high expression levels of the B cell chemoattractant CXCL13 in rheumatoid synovium a marker of severe disease?\nAnswer: Synovial CXCL13 appears to be a marker of a more severe pattern of RA disease, characterized by increased lymphocyte activation and bone remodelling beyond the level of conventional markers of inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b58018b6982a436ea1acd507b02e93f0", "input": "Question: Does obesity independently influence gonadal function in very long-term adult male survivors of childhood cancer?\nAnswer: Obesity is associated with gonadal dysfunction in male CCS, independent of the irreversible effect of previous cancer treatment. Randomized controlled trials are required to evaluate whether weight normalization could improve gonadal function, especially in obese survivors with potential other mechanisms than lifestyle causing their obesity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1269511f0c254a99b47ce1279085bba1", "input": "Question: Does ginsenoside Rg1 protect mouse liver against ischemia-reperfusion injury through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis properties?\nAnswer: Pretreatment of mice with Rg1 reduced hepatocellular apoptosis and inhibited inflammatory response, which was in part through the NF-\u03baB signaling pathway. Rg1 may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of IR-induced liver injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-01be69b314ea41cd9f3a6af27a383128", "input": "Question: Is congenital cytomegalovirus associated with severe forms of cerebral palsy and female sex in a retrospective population-based study?\nAnswer: cCMV is an important potentially preventable cause of CP and is associated with severe disability and female sex in cases reported to the ACPR. Future studies utilising prospective sample collection for cCMV testing are needed to confirm these findings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c55af76bfaae43c7882edb8f87ec1f0b", "input": "Question: Is aP-2\u03b1 required after lens vesicle formation to maintain lens integrity?\nAnswer: Our findings demonstrate that AP-2\u03b1 continues to be required after lens vesicle separation to maintain a normal lens epithelial cell phenotype and overall lens integrity and to ensure correct fiber cell differentiation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f27693edd11a45159bfeac2f40a49184", "input": "Question: Does high-intensity intermittent cycling increase purine loss compared with workload-matched continuous moderate intensity cycling?\nAnswer: Exercise-induced plasma Hx accumulation and urinary purine excretion are greater following HIIE and indirectly represents a net loss of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from the muscle. The subsequent restorative processes required for intramuscular de novo replacement of ATP may contribute to a negative energy balance and in part, account for the potential accelerated fat loss observed with HIIE when compared with CON training programs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9e3b93b506e4b40aa08b65d5f41d603", "input": "Question: Does cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis predict worse caregiver 's health-related quality of life?\nAnswer: MS patients' caregivers' HRQoL is significantly influenced by information processing speed impairment of MS patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-467fb1e8be914dd2a6ff061cd05a69f7", "input": "Question: Does berberine ameliorate renal interstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats?\nAnswer: Berberine treatment ameliorates RIF in a UUO rat model by inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and TGF-\u03b21/pSmad3 signalling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f09c56e3a0d24fde86206bb61ad6baac", "input": "Question: Does resveratrol reduce morphine tolerance by inhibiting microglial activation via AMPK signalling?\nAnswer: Resveratrol directly suppresses morphine-induced microglial activation through activating AMPK, resulting in significant attenuation of morphine antinociceptive tolerance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d198aad8d1af4ccaa8c6899f1bbadb25", "input": "Question: Does hepatic HMOX1 expression positively correlate with Bach-1 and miR-122 in patients with HCV mono and HIV/HCV coinfection?\nAnswer: HMOX1 and miR-122 play an important role in the pathogenesis of CHC in HCV mono-and HIV/HCV co-infected patients. Reduced expression of HMOX1 in patients with HIV/HCV co-infection may indicate a worse prognosis in this group. Our results do not support the importance of Bach-1 in repression of HMOX1 in patients with chronic hepatitis C.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1837b637f924c9aa6736d6ffc215014", "input": "Question: Do dual echo vessel-encoded ASL for simultaneous BOLD and CBF reactivity assessment in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease?\nAnswer: Dual echo VE-ASL can provide simultaneous cerebral blood flow and qualitative BOLD contrast consistent with lateralizing disease severity in patients with asymmetric steno-occlusive disease. The methodological strengths and limitations of composite BOLD and VE-ASL measurements in the clinic are discussed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1996243d8cf8479d9baebbdab2f0badc", "input": "Question: Is a sheathless retrograde approach via the popliteal artery useful and safe for treating chronic total occlusions in the superficial femoral artery?\nAnswer: Based on this retrospective analysis, the use of a microcatheter for SFA CTO retrograde access appears to be superior to 4-F or 6-F sheaths in terms of shorter time to hemostasis and fewer complications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ff0548985c24f629dde064ee379782d", "input": "Question: Do identification of neonatal near miss by systematic screening for metabolic acidosis at birth?\nAnswer: Systematic screening for neonatal metabolic acidosis caused a 2.5-fold increase of case identifications eligible for perinatal audit and opened perspectives towards rationalised improvement of perinatal care, in addition to the information obtained from cases of perinatal mortality. Next to indicators of perinatal mortality, perinatal audit programs should include neonatal metabolic acidosis as an extra parameter for quality assessment of perinatal care.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b95002a621245b0b28acf953354d6b8", "input": "Question: Is low caregiver health literacy associated with higher pediatric emergency department use and nonurgent visits?\nAnswer: Over half of caregivers presenting with their children to the ED have low health literacy. Low caregiver health literacy is an independent predictor of higher ED use and use of the ED for nonurgent conditions. In children without a chronic illness, low health literate caregivers had more than 3 times greater odds of presenting for a nonurgent condition than those with adequate health literacy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bad9b5344711423f986c0dd493bd6810", "input": "Question: Does inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibition reverse pulmonary arterial dysfunction in lung transplantation?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that lung transplantation causes upregulation of iNOS expression, and pulmonary vascular dysfunction. iNOS inhibition reverses the post-transplantational pulmonary vascular dysfunction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-32b8e3174290474090d7c6b2bb6e5f87", "input": "Question: Do iFNL3 polymorphisms predict response to therapy in chronic hepatitis C genotype 2/3 infection?\nAnswer: This adequately powered study in patients with HCV genotypes 2 or 3 infection clearly demonstrates that IFNL3 genotypes are the strongest baseline predictor of SVR, in keeping with the known association for genotype 1 infection. IFNL3 genotyping can aid in therapeutic decision making for these patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4daa7414466f4bb18be4e997936a5523", "input": "Question: Does gSH protect against oxidative stress and toxicity in VL-17A cells exposed to high glucose?\nAnswer: Thus, changes in GSH levels with exogenous agents such as NAC, UDCA, BSO or DEM modulate hyperglycemia-mediated injury in a cell model of VL-17A liver cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fcccc7861d6146e3a21f3d459b03a71b", "input": "Question: Is down-regulation of sirtuin 3 associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma after resection?\nAnswer: Down-regulation of intratumoral and peritumoral Sirt3 were both associated with poor outcome in HCC, moreover, intratumoral Sirt3 was a favorable prognostic predictor in early stage patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-253d49557e494042a1cf85a804139554", "input": "Question: Does a melanoma cell state distinction influence sensitivity to MAPK pathway inhibitors?\nAnswer: Although most BRAF(V600)-mutant melanomas are sensitive to RAF and/or MEK inhibitors, a subset fails to respond to such treatment. This study characterizes a transcriptional cell state distinction linked to MITF and NF-\u03baB that may modulate intrinsic sensitivity of melanomas to MAPK pathway inhibitors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e696322e508a41ffb021e882503d5353", "input": "Question: Is application of a Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia ( SARA ) in Friedreich 's ataxia patients according to posturography limited?\nAnswer: The SARA, in FRDA patients, correlates with stance with visual control but not without visual control which emphasizes sensory ataxia. This suggests that application of the SARA in Friedreich's ataxia patients according to posturography is possible but presumably limited and FARS, although being a more time consuming scale, may have advantages over SARA in FRDA patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-56736a8c2fbc4682abddfb2642db1674", "input": "Question: Does continuous theta-burst stimulation over primary somatosensory cortex modulate short-latency afferent inhibition?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that SAI amplitude is influenced by cTBS over SI but not M1, suggesting an important role for SI in the modulation of this circuit. These data provide further evidence that cTBS over SI versus M1 has opposite effects on corticospinal excitability.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6bb932c4a32647d8b2aa36b83b899be9", "input": "Question: Does reduced hepatic arterial perfusion impair the recovery from focal hepatic venous outflow obstruction in liver-resected rats?\nAnswer: Reduction of HAP through inhibition of nitric oxide production worsened the recovery from FHVOO. Drugs increasing HAP need to be evaluated to reverse the hyperperfusion-induced impairment of the spontaneous course after FHVOO.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-62b25f5acfe14b918037565bcc0a01ba", "input": "Question: Does enriched environment prevent cognitive and motor deficits associated with postnatal MK-801 treatment?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that exposure to an EE would be strongly beneficial in correcting deficits, notably cognitive, associated with MK-801. Given that the postnatal MK-801 treatment represents an animal model of schizophrenia, we propose timely environmental interventions might be an effective strategy in the protection against schizophrenia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d850819a94c4322bbb9833f7cbd274f", "input": "Question: Is nitric-oxide-mediated cell death triggered by chitosan in Fusarium eumartii spores?\nAnswer: All these data highlight NO valuable properties as a quantitative and qualitative biomarker of cytotoxic action of chitosan in conidial cells. In addition, these findings place the chitosan assayed here as a fungicide with a high potential of application in sustainable horticultural practices.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-81c817d6e1e44205ba433a9c6e325d0e", "input": "Question: Do surgery residency curriculum examination scores predict future American Board of Surgery in-training examination performance?\nAnswer: Within a mature PBC, early performance in a PGY1 and PGY2 PCE is predictive of performance in the respective ABSITE. This information can be used for formative assessment and early remediation of residents who are predicted to be at risk for poor performance in the ABSITE.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-27d4effd41ce46aeadac2e17dc603068", "input": "Question: Does eHD3-dependent endosome pathway regulate cardiac membrane excitability and physiology?\nAnswer: These data provide new insight into the critical role of endosome-based pathways in membrane protein targeting and cardiac physiology. EHD3 is a critical component of protein trafficking in heart and is essential for the proper membrane targeting of select cellular proteins that maintain excitability.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8a28dbbe50094cbbbfcf562345a00dbc", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of autophagy enhance the cytotoxic effect of PA-MSHA in breast cancer?\nAnswer: These findings demonstrated inhibiting autophagy together with PA-MSHA might be a promising therapeutic strategy in treating hormone receptor negative breast cancer cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ba9963e4ad89486d9c4d314bd05870f5", "input": "Question: Do noradrenergic terminals regulate L-DOPA-derived dopamine extracellular levels in a region-dependent manner in Parkinsonian rats?\nAnswer: Noradrenalin neurons are indirectly involved in the mechanism of action of L-DOPA in part through the heterologous reuptake of DA in extrastriatal regions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-08289b1ec3c742b2a641a738d35bb3d9", "input": "Question: Does a MAP3k1 SNP predict survival of gastric cancer in a Chinese population?\nAnswer: In conclusion, we demonstrate that MAP3K1 rs889312 is closely correlated with outcome among diffuse-type gastric cancer. This raises the possibility for rs889312 polymorphisms to be used as an independent indicator for predicting the prognosis of diffuse-type gastric cancer within the Chinese population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-462058e69005439c88b6f15d27564b8a", "input": "Question: Is sARS-CoV envelope protein palmitoylation or nucleocapid association required for promoting virus-like particle production?\nAnswer: The independence of the SARS-CoV E enhancement effect on VLP production from its viral packaging capacity suggests a distinct SARS-CoV E role in virus assembly.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8098b6ed4a484659b6bd80fdb675c39a", "input": "Question: Does characteristic epithelium with low-grade atypia appear on the surface of gastric cancer after successful Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy?\nAnswer: Epithelium with low-grade atypia on gastric cancer tissue, which may develop from gastric cancer cells, is frequently present after successful eradication therapy. This phenomenon could influence the practice of endoscopic diagnosis of gastric cancers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ca515789f1c475f9f4e0ab0ee040deb", "input": "Question: Are delayed latencies of auditory evoked potential P300 associated with the severity of Parkinson 's disease in older patients?\nAnswer: There was an association between PD severity and P300 prolonged latencies among subjects 65 years old or older.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d647cfebc725409497fa13ba1186eca1", "input": "Question: Is the YXX\u03a6 motif within the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ( SARS-CoV ) 3a protein crucial for its intracellular transport?\nAnswer: The data suggest that the YXX\u03a6 motif of the SARS-CoV 3a protein is necessary for Golgi to plasma membrane transport, in the absence of which the protein is targeted to lysosomal degradation compartment via lipid droplets.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-494135858aac437fbc31fb6fa4ade22f", "input": "Question: Do mRI biomarkers identify the differential response of glioblastoma multiforme to anti-angiogenic therapy?\nAnswer: MRI parameters following therapy vary based on class of AATx. Validation of clinically relevant MRI parameters for individual AATx agents is necessary before incorporation into routine practice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dced9aecbbe44f1691a4386280a1b77f", "input": "Question: Does chemerin suppress murine allergic asthma by inhibiting CCL2 production and subsequent airway recruitment of inflammatory dendritic cells?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrates that chemerin plays a protective role in allergic asthma by suppressing airway recruitment of inflammatory CD11c(+) CD11b(+) DCs through the inhibition of CCL2 secretion by active lung epithelial cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2a55bfcb83514b93a117b8b2c170390e", "input": "Question: Is mesoderm required for coordinated cell movements within zebrafish neural plate in vivo?\nAnswer: We show that the movements of cells in the zebrafish neural plate are highly coordinated during the convergence and internalization movements of neurulation. Our results demonstrate that the underlying mesoderm is required for these coordinated cell movements in the zebrafish neural plate in vivo.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-01e18b03a41946228b102070d0f6c753", "input": "Question: Do adipose-derived stem cells stimulate reendothelialization in stented rat abdominal aorta?\nAnswer: These results suggest that ASC produce several cytokines that stimulate reendothelialization and inhibit neointimal formation in stent-deployed vessels, and that AM could mediate these effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8bce8f737ddd4b04a6f0ad46861a6555", "input": "Question: Is caspase-3 expression in metastatic lymph nodes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma prognostic of survival?\nAnswer: Caspase-3 expression in metastatic LNs may be a potential independent predictor of poorer overall survival in patients with resected ESCC and LN metastasis. Protein expression in metastatic tumors may be a biomarker prognostic of survival.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d7c4c7373c443a7bf2bc6cf3e20e249", "input": "Question: Are elevated levels of pro-inflammatory oxylipins in older subjects normalized by flaxseed consumption?\nAnswer: These data suggest a potential role for oxylipins in the aging process and how nutritional interventions like flaxseed can beneficially disrupt these biological changes associated with inflammation and aging.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a87bcb34ffb421188532bca89752025", "input": "Question: Does use of statin during hospitalization improve the outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage?\nAnswer: In-hospital statin use in ICH patients is associated with better functional outcome and lower mortality at 3 months and 1 year.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7bb8b015214e4883864f83532d5cd628", "input": "Question: Do human blastocysts exhibit unique microrna profiles in relation to maternal age and chromosome constitution?\nAnswer: MiRNAs play an important role in aging as well as chromosome constitution and have downstream effects that regulate proteins which can compromise embryonic development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09a6629d31ab449a85016ac11b756f95", "input": "Question: Is the relation between hostility and concurrent levels of inflammation sex , age , and measure dependent?\nAnswer: Hostility, particularly cynical hostility, may be detrimental to (younger) women. The TNF-\u03b1, Il-6, CRP triad appears vulnerable to psychological and behavioral factors, and may be one mechanism by which cynical hostility (CMHo) contributes to increased cardiovascular risk in women. Prospective research is needed to verify this.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b6215e7f00c34b45a5930d684089f176", "input": "Question: Is a decline in inflammation associated with less depressive symptoms after a dietary intervention in metabolic syndrome patients : a longitudinal study?\nAnswer: The decrease in depressive manifestations after a weight loss intervention was related with adiposity, CRP and leptin in subjects with MetS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7ca4aab688204ff483616399c9dc6e29", "input": "Question: Is low serum allopregnanolone associated with symptoms of depression in late pregnancy?\nAnswer: High allopregnanolone serum concentrations may protect against depressed mood during pregnancy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ceaac73a572f4b0daa64a8336470e66c", "input": "Question: Does chronic intermittent hypoxia cause endothelial dysfunction in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity?\nAnswer: CIH caused endothelial dysfunction in mice fed an obesogenic diet. Inflammation and oxidative stress were increased in CIH and an obesogenic diet exacerbated these effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a38c5ea161aa485dab9562134ab62d53", "input": "Question: Is cXCR4 highly expressed at the tumor front but not in the center of prostate cancers?\nAnswer: CXCR4 seems overexpressed at the tumor front of prostate tumors, where it potentially promotes cell migration toward the SDF-1 centrifugal attracting gradient, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition. High CXCR4 and low SDF-1 levels at tumor front were both associated with adverse histological features.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f1884e01e35349508387053ae116dfff", "input": "Question: Do adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from ventral hernia repair patients demonstrate decreased vasculogenesis?\nAnswer: ASCs derived from VHR patients appear to express fewer vasculogenic markers and form fewer tubules in Matrigel than ASCs from abdominoplasty patients, suggesting decreased vasculogenic activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-187de27bd6b24476aa39e6e1dee5275d", "input": "Question: Are blood cadmium levels associated with a decline in lung function in males?\nAnswer: A higher blood cadmium level, within the normal range, was associated with COPD in males, including those who had never smoked. However, there was no significant association between blood cadmium levels and COPD in females.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9fd3cff9792647bb9aa6f71b6a9edcf9", "input": "Question: Does genetics of lymphocytes influence the emergence of second cancer in chronic lymphocytic leukemia?\nAnswer: We suggest that the genetic background of CLL, particularly the presence of several genetic alterations, influences the emergence of second cancer in patients affected by CLL.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ded2c301056545e6a1e8d4e010285176", "input": "Question: Does targeting aurora kinase A inhibit hypoxia-mediated neuroblastoma cell tumorigenesis?\nAnswer: Hypoxia positively regulates AURKA expression. Hypoxia-induced stimulation of colony formation and migration is, in part, mediated by AURKA. These findings establish that AURKA is a critical regulator of hypoxia-mediated tumor progression in neuroblastoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9dbc7312a664472bb52ac355d880738a", "input": "Question: Does wNT5A induce release of exosomes containing pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive factors from malignant melanoma cells?\nAnswer: These data indicate that WNT5A has a broader function on tumor progression and metastatic spread than previously known; by inducing exosome-release of immunomodulatory and pro-angiogenic factors that enhance the immunosuppressive and angiogenic capacity of the tumors thus rendering them more aggressive and more prone to metastasize.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6d592760f1474e318f3a42092563eac1", "input": "Question: Does cTLA-4Ig-induced T cell anergy promote Wnt-10b production and bone formation in a mouse model?\nAnswer: Inhibition of CD28 costimulation by CTLA-4Ig promotes T cell Wnt-10b production and bone formation and may represent a novel anabolic strategy for increasing bone mass in osteoporotic conditions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd1d5f2f948e4acd94767b3c42b54f01", "input": "Question: Does biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch improve insulin sensitivity and secretion through caloric restriction?\nAnswer: Caloric restriction is the major mechanism underlying the early improvement of insulin sensitivity and \u03b2-cell function after BPD-DS in type 2 diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fbe8840b9d214eccac9b3489a1bc0820", "input": "Question: Does prevalence and correlate of personality disorder in the Jamaican population?\nAnswer: This is the only population study of personality disorder recorded in the English-speaking Caribbean. This suggests a high risk of behavioural dysfunction in the Jamaican population, having significant implications in light of the country's high rate of crime and violence. The findings highlight the need to develop effective and targeted prevention and intervention measures.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-65d02b69941b460aa0e20c5b8e600666", "input": "Question: Does brief mindfulness meditation training alter psychological and neuroendocrine responses to social evaluative stress?\nAnswer: The present study provides an initial indication that brief mindfulness meditation training buffers self-reported psychological stress reactivity, but also increases cortisol reactivity to social evaluative stress. This pattern may indicate that initially brief mindfulness meditation training fosters greater active coping efforts, resulting in reduced psychological stress appraisals and greater cortisol reactivity during social evaluative stressors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d21cb3eb72c4b2680de7616dee46477", "input": "Question: Is burnout associated with elevated prolactin levels in men but not in women?\nAnswer: This study indicates that prolactin levels are higher in men with burnout than men without burnout but not affected in women with burnout. Why no association was seen in women needs to be further explored.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-107084be9ba5455e956b417433a086b6", "input": "Question: Is cD10 useful to identify gastrointestinal contamination in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration ( EUS-FNA ) cytology from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: As a loss of CD10 is a consistent feature of PDA, this marker can be useful, together with CEA, to aid the cytopathologist to identify neoplastic cells in a background rich in GI contaminant cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fcf312be65c04d4095476e7dacbce8e3", "input": "Question: Do on-Q pump for pain control after orbital implant surgery?\nAnswer: The On-Q pain pump is widely available, low cost, and requires minimal patient manipulation for the use in orbital implant surgery. The device was safe and appeared to minimize postoperative pain in the authors' case series.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-541974a9ee6c423483c891b9551329e1", "input": "Question: Does non-muscle myosin II regulate neuronal actin dynamics by interacting with guanine nucleotide exchange factors?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that NM II maintains proper morphology of neuronal growth cones and the distal axon by regulating actin dynamics through the GEF-Rho GTPase signaling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-709fe18018b24cf0afc32a3e4503e128", "input": "Question: Does talin-1 correlate with reduced invasion and migration in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells?\nAnswer: High levels of Talin-1 expression are correlated with reduced invasion and migration as well as decreased malignancy in human liver cancer cell lines; the suppression of Talin-1 promotes invasion and migration. In addition, Talin-2 may be correlated with invasion and migration in human hepatocellular carcinoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc2898786af948118913eb729fc89020", "input": "Question: Does distension of the ischemic region predict increased ventricular fibrillation inducibility following coronary occlusion in swine?\nAnswer: Regional ischemic expansion predicts increased ventricular fibrillation inducibility following coronary occlusion. These results highlight the potential influence of mechanical factors, acting not only on the triggers but also on the substrate, in the genesis of malignant ventricular arrhythmias during acute ischemia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c75018c5c182486eaec2d1c02954cd76", "input": "Question: Do high fluoride and low pH level have been detected in popular flavoured beverages in Malaysia?\nAnswer: Due to the wide variation of the fluoride content and pH level of the drinks tested in this study, it is recommended that steps should be taken to control the fluoride concentration and pH level in beverages if dental fluorosis and erosion are to be prevented.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0eb87264d46f444cb630ab0f2718d428", "input": "Question: Does a new IOL with labeled accurate dioptric powers reduce the postoperative refractive error?\nAnswer: Our data indicate that accurate dioptric labeling of IOLs may improve the postoperative refraction outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-218a754fd0a94b30ac050dea78c6e2fe", "input": "Question: Do self-report symptoms differ between younger and older dizzy patients?\nAnswer: The clinician should be aware of differences in self-report dizziness symptoms in older patients. Older patients who do not have vertigo may be told that their symptoms are normal for their age, when, in fact, they may have an undiagnosed vestibular system impairment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c7d7b2f2e2ba45cc8c4fe79db22a73aa", "input": "Question: Is physical performance associated with working memory in older people with mild to severe cognitive impairment?\nAnswer: Physical performance is associated with working memory in older people with cognitive impairment. Future studies should investigate whether physical exercise for increased physical performance can improve cognitive functioning. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NTR1482.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9409b11b124411d8194da4ff02f73d4", "input": "Question: Is a cut-off value of 2 cm in tumor size of prognostic value in surgically treated FIGO stage IB cervical cancer?\nAnswer: The results support that tumor size is of prognostic impact in FIGO stage IB cervical carcinomas. A further substaging is suggested for tumors up to 4.0 cm maximum dimension using a cut-off value of 2.0 cm as discriminator. Patients with tumors \u22642.0 cm may represent low risk disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ce0fb99b74f42e6ba435c556ba23d8c", "input": "Question: Is anxiety associated with the risk of dementia or cognitive decline : the Rotterdam Study?\nAnswer: Our findings do not offer evidence for an association between anxiety symptoms or anxiety disorders with the risk of dementia or with cognition. This suggests that anxiety is not a risk factor nor a prodrome of dementia in an elderly, community-dwelling population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d2c576697b024c21b33e7a07eff29a73", "input": "Question: Is cXCR4 expression on circulating pan-cytokeratin positive cells associated with survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: This study suggests that CXCR4 may be a prognostic marker in NSCLC, and provides hypothesis-generating results, which may be important in determining metastatic potential. In future studies, we will prospectively evaluate the prognostic significance of pan-cytokeratin/CXCR4+ cells, and determine the mechanisms involved in the regulation of CXCR4 expression on tumor cells in a larger patient population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e30c42b454248039397f69ec8ce16b7", "input": "Question: Does tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ) prevent lead-induced testicular toxicity?\nAnswer: These findings lead to the conclusion that TP significantly lowered the adverse effects of Pb exposure on the kidney as well as Pb-induced oxidative stress.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b97e4ebd93b499db6f5c43647db75e1", "input": "Question: Does dll1 haploinsufficiency in adult mice lead to a complex phenotype affecting metabolic and immunological processes?\nAnswer: In conclusion, slight alterations in one player of Notch signaling alter the entire organism, emphasizing the fine-tuning character of this pathway in a high number of processes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e610d508b1d4ac8bfcd8eb30e1b234d", "input": "Question: Does new testing approach in HLA genotyping help overcome barriers in effective clinical practice?\nAnswer: Our study confirmed that the new LAMP method for detecting a specific HLA genotype is simple, inexpensive, accurate, and rapid, and may be of help in overcoming barriers in effective clinical practice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-adc6b133d73b4de3a7f201879eba3f11", "input": "Question: Is the electric field a sufficient physical determinant of the human magnetic sense?\nAnswer: The evoked potentials described here, as well as those observed previously in response to magnetic stimuli, were probably triggered by the induced electric field.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b891aa9de6884044ae69577b3084e473", "input": "Question: Does physical activity attenuate the body mass index-increasing influence of genetic variation in the FTO gene?\nAnswer: Our results showed that PA attenuates the effect of the FTO rs1121980 genotype on BMI and WC. This observation has important public health implications because we showed that a genetic susceptibility to obesity induced by FTO variation can be overcome, at least in part, by adopting a physically active lifestyle.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-675fe93ac06341e1a371463139b552f7", "input": "Question: Does lysine ingestion markedly attenuate the glucose response to ingested glucose without a change in insulin response?\nAnswer: Lysine ingestion results in a small decrease in serum glucose and an increase in glucagon and insulin concentrations. Lysine ingested with glucose dramatically attenuated the glucose-stimulated glucose response, but there was no change in insulin response. Whether similar effects will be observed with more physiologic doses of lysine remains to be determined.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-013abde78de549219be80f3a59cd8060", "input": "Question: Is an obesogenic postnatal environment more important than the fetal environment for the development of adult adiposity : a study of female twins?\nAnswer: A higher birth weight is associated with a higher proportion of lean to fat mass as adults. However, these analyses suggest that this association is not determined by individual specific factors in utero (eg, fetal nutrition) but through factors in the shared common environment of the twins.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-84f5e0d1012347b18c0107c207d2f8fb", "input": "Question: Does a yearlong exercise intervention decrease CRP among obese postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: A moderate-intensity exercise intervention reduced CRP for 12 months among women who were obese at baseline. These findings support the role of exercise in modulating inflammatory processes that are related to increased risk of chronic disease among obese women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9498d51e862243adac9ee65456b50c37", "input": "Question: Is helicobacter pylori coinfection a confounder , modulating mucosal inflammation in oral submucous fibrosis?\nAnswer: The contribution of the H pylori in dental plaque to mucosal inflammation and periodontal disease was significant. Logistic regression analysis showed gastrointestinal disease and poor oral hygiene as being the greatest risk factors for bacterial colonization, irrespective of the subject groups. A positive correlation exists between RUT reactivity and the frequency of mucosal inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d3c73b28cf54e72a5a0be82bcba1d76", "input": "Question: Does a common variant in the adiponutrin gene influence liver enzyme values?\nAnswer: The highly significant associations of this transversion polymorphism within the adiponutrin gene with increased ALT and AST concentrations support a role for adiponutrin as a susceptibility gene for hepatic dysfunction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-850a0c1909c942298162666f29550e15", "input": "Question: Is dietary fibre intake inversely associated with carotid intima-media thickness : a cross-sectional assessment in the PREDIMED study?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that high fibre intake is inversely associated with carotid atherosclerosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-909797fb8f1746009d3ddd182c1cc634", "input": "Question: Does lactobacillus fermentum BCS87 express mucus- and mucin-binding proteins on the cell surface?\nAnswer: Adhesion of Lact. fermentum BCS87 appeared to be mediated by two surface-associated proteins. 32-Mmubp is a component of ABC transporter system that also functions as an adhesin.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-65908be5c5b7433e91be66b86b8fbba4", "input": "Question: Does early low protein diet aggravate unbalance between antioxidant enzymes leading to islet dysfunction?\nAnswer: Modification in antioxidant activity by maternal low protein diet could predispose to pancreatic islet dysfunction later in life and provide new insights to define a molecular mechanism responsible for intrauterine programming of endocrine pancreas.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-889cdc252a3747db9295c6742d0525b1", "input": "Question: Is disagreement in preference for residential care between family caregivers and elders greater among cognitively impaired elders group than cognitively intact elders group?\nAnswer: Cognitively intact elders were more likely to indicate preference for residential care than cognitively impaired elders. Elders, both cognitively intact and impaired, were less likely than their caregivers to indicate preference for residential care. Disagreement in preference for residential care between the elders and their caregivers was larger for the cognitively impaired group than the cognitively intact group.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6476d2db110b42e9818a4b9a5fa63cad", "input": "Question: Are hER1-4 protein concentrations in normal breast tissue from breast cancer patients expressed by the same profile as in the malignant tissue?\nAnswer: We suggest that these findings indicate that breast cancer is a systemic disease where the HER1-4 system in autologous reference tissue is continuously activated, thus favoring the subsequent development of cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fbefdcff3780419ba57ee18e60cf74c6", "input": "Question: Is interstitial cystitis an etiology of chronic pelvic pain in young women?\nAnswer: The results of this study suggest that interstitial cystitis is an etiology of CPP in young women. Evaluation of the bladder as an origin of pelvic pain is warranted in young women with CPP and urinary frequency or dyspareunia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea2be16768da479283afa6a633b88164", "input": "Question: Does p16 improve interobserver agreement in diagnosis of anal intraepithelial neoplasia?\nAnswer: Interobserver agreement for diagnosis of AIN was fair when based solely on H&E preparation. p16 alone improved interobserver agreement and demonstrated superior agreement when compared with H&E, Ki-67, and H&E/p16/Ki-67 combined.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-95b715d62dd84a0ab94554a6a4c61d82", "input": "Question: Is chromosome 9p21 polymorphism associated with myocardial infarction but not with clinical outcome in Han Chinese?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates an association of rs1333049 polymorphism locus on chromosome 9p21 with risk for MI, but not with post-MI prognosis in Han Chinese.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e73136c544da4b77b8432e19f29daa15", "input": "Question: Do intravenous immunoglobulin and salicylate differentially modulate pathogenic processes leading to vascular damage in a model of Kawasaki disease?\nAnswer: Therapeutic concentrations of IVIG and salicylate differentially modulate the expression of TNFalpha and its downstream effects. Further dissection of the biologic effects of aspirin in acute KD is necessary for the rational design of therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0cdd5da8c1b405188c2f005feef3522", "input": "Question: Is variation at the ANP32A gene associated with risk of hip osteoarthritis in women?\nAnswer: Our results provide evidence suggesting that ANP32A is involved in the pathogenesis of OA of the hip.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9bf8b45f66d84e39ae582d5cf0d227c2", "input": "Question: Is fibroblast growth factor 2 an intrinsic chondroprotective agent that suppresses ADAMTS-5 and delays cartilage degradation in murine osteoarthritis?\nAnswer: These data identify FGF-2 as a novel endogenous chondroprotective agent in articular cartilage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09de94a2bf9f40f1b8a26d1341f4c87d", "input": "Question: Does interaction of serotonin-related genes affect short-term antidepressant response in major depressive disorder?\nAnswer: These results support the hypothesis that GNB3, HTR2A, and SLC6A4 may play a role in the outcome of short-term antidepressant treatment for MDD in an interactive manner. Future research with independent replication using large sample sizes is needed to confirm the functions of the candidate genes identified in this study as being involved in short-term antidepressant treatment response.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a21c8f25d58b4567a3daed72100de8a1", "input": "Question: Does fusobacterium nucleatum enter normal human oral fibroblasts in vitro?\nAnswer: F. nucleatum was capable of entering GFs and PLFs in a manner that is dependent on the cell type and the bacterial strain.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f497dff314143bba95bd63f7a66aa5a", "input": "Question: Do measures in the first year of therapy predict the response to interferon beta in MS?\nAnswer: In RRMS patients treated with IFNbeta, the combination of measures of disease activity and the presence of new active lesions on MRI may have a prognostic value for identifying patients with disease activity in the second and third year of therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f82e0eb88db242a687054a97da46ad1c", "input": "Question: Do hB-EGF-induced VEGF production and eNOS activation depend on both PI3 kinase and MAP kinase in HaCaT cells?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate that HB-EGF-induced eNOS activation depends on p42/p44 MAPK, PI3K/Akt pathways and endogenous VEGF in HaCaT cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eff4a16512b54811976919c79d3bf3fa", "input": "Question: Do splenic stromal niches support hematopoiesis of dendritic-like cells from precursors in bone marrow and spleen?\nAnswer: The outcome has been development of a coculture system that supports hematopoiesis of immature myeloid dendritic-like cells in vitro. Although production of monocytes can occur in the presence of stroma-conditioned medium alone, production of DC is dependent on stromal cell interaction. Results presented here raise questions about the role of spleen as a site for DC hematopoiesis from endogenous precursors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3dab3fccb0b34ed49cfa29e07d98771e", "input": "Question: Is gng12 a novel negative regulator of LPS-induced inflammation in the microglial cell line BV-2?\nAnswer: Modulating Gng12 mRNA levels using RNAi revealed a novel role for the factor in the negative regulation of the overall inflammatory response as based on effects on nitrite and TNFalpha levels. These data suggest that Gng12 is a negative regulator of the LPS response and may be an important factor in the overall inflammatory signaling cascade.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a5e9e2e250347c58f12e22006e518fd", "input": "Question: Does sustained release of erythropoietin using biodegradable gelatin hydrogel microspheres persistently improve lower leg ischemia?\nAnswer: The present drug delivery system is suggested to have potential as a novel noninvasive therapy for ischemic peripheral artery disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab04c3eadaf845e080d4228c73b0d6f0", "input": "Question: Does an imbalance between apoptosis and proliferation contribute to follicular persistence in polycystic ovaries in rats?\nAnswer: These results show that the combination of weak proliferation indices and low apoptosis observed in follicular cysts, could explain the cause of the slow growth of cystic follicles and the maintenance of a static condition without degeneration, which leads to their persistence. These alterations may be due to structural and functional modifications that take place in these cells and could be related to hormonal changes in animals with this condition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fea5e95082f4487dbc947ebedaf27350", "input": "Question: Is early activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 associated with blood-brain barrier disruption after photothrombotic cerebral ischemia in rats?\nAnswer: The early activation of MMP-9 was correlated with the increase in the permeability of the BBB. Our findings suggest that MMP-9 is the key factor involved in BBB disruption and subsequent brain injury after photothrombotic cerebral ischemia in rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4cc874d9ba634787a18b8600fd6aab42", "input": "Question: Does pretreatment with calcitonin gene-related peptide attenuate hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats?\nAnswer: CGRP ameliorated liver I/R injury due to reactive oxygen species and apoptosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-57fc86a0ffa74ce78681ee5e756b24fb", "input": "Question: Does serine protease inhibitor aprotinin ameliorate renal injury in a rat model of ischemia-perfusion injury?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that administration of aprotinin attenuates renal I/R injury. This observation has potential application for kidney preservation for transplantation, for aortic surgery, and for renal artery interventions by protecting cells from free radical damage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-20c3b7d81625469f956b4da85acc57f2", "input": "Question: Is diffusion tensor imaging of the posterior cingulate a useful biomarker of mild cognitive impairment?\nAnswer: DTI of the posterior cingulate region discriminates MCI from cognitively normal individuals with accuracy and has the potential to be used as a biomarker of MCI, in particular aMCI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4c5d95c05c94dd294c38efad3dc4c3a", "input": "Question: Do osteoblasts play key roles in the mechanisms of action of strontium ranelate?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that osteoblasts play a key role in the mechanism of action of the anti-fracture agent, strontium ranelate by mediating both its anabolic and anti-resorptive actions, at least in part, via activation of CaSR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3f0871c2af934cad85ed76ca25f7243a", "input": "Question: Do adenomatous human parathyroid cells exhibit impaired sensitivity to L-amino acids?\nAnswer: Impaired L-amino acid sensing by calcium-sensing receptors in adenomatous parathyroid cells contributes to the loss of feedback control of PTH secretion in primary hyperparathyroidism. The CaR's amino acid binding site may be exploited as a target in the medical treatment of primary and perhaps other forms of hyperparathyroidism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-014d24dfab0c4c76822870a665af3dba", "input": "Question: Is immunoreactive endomorphin 2 generated extracellularly in rat isolated L4,5 dorsal root ganglia by DPP-IV?\nAnswer: In rat isolated dorsal root ganglia the combination of presumed biosynthetic precursor of endomorphin 2 (E2), Tyr-Pro with the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor Ile-Pro-Ile generated 1.60+/-0.37 pg/mg Wet Tissue Weight_30 min E2-IR in the bathing fluid (n=4) with an 8-fold increase upon depolarization whereas the tissue content was low (0.50+/-0.08 pg/mg_WTW). Substance P, as determined by ELISA in the pilot experiments, was found almost exclusively within the tissues. It is concluded that E2-IR was generated extracellularly by a membrane-bound DPP-IV, which was switched to \"synthase\" mode by the hydrolase inhibitor Ile-Pro-Ile. DPP-IV was depolarization-sensitive in \"synthase\" functional mode.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-116fed85a1c1482f99088b2b856cd7f5", "input": "Question: Is postprandial walking better for lowering the glycemic effect of dinner than pre-dinner exercise in type 2 diabetic individuals?\nAnswer: Postprandial walking may be more effective at lowering the glycemic impact of the evening meal in individuals with type 2 diabetes compared with pre-meal or no exercise and may be an effective means to blunt postprandial glycemic excursions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-140daf2e2fbb40ebb163f158e707fb86", "input": "Question: Is smaller amygdala associated with anxiety in patients with panic disorder?\nAnswer: These findings suggested that the smaller volume of the amygdala may be associated with anxiety in panic disorder. Of note, the smaller subregion in the amygdala estimated on VBM could correspond to the corticomedial nuclear group including the central nucleus, which may play a crucial role in panic attack.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-980d77e24ea245e48800ad43f199adc1", "input": "Question: Do hPV16 tumor associated macrophages suppress antitumor T cell responses?\nAnswer: M2-like macrophages infiltrate HPV16-associated tumors causing suppression of antitumor T-cell response, thus facilitating tumor growth. Depletion or phenotype alteration of this population should be considered in immunotherapy strategies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e3177c6ecc53408b8a1a3fc546b432ed", "input": "Question: Does femoral bone mineral density reflect histologically determined cortical bone volume in hemodialysis patients?\nAnswer: The usefulness of l-BMD for predicting bone volume is limited most probably because of interference by soft tissue calcifications. In contrast, f-BMD shows significant association with cortical porosity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae3e56ed223a4169b4f571b2a2ab0f67", "input": "Question: Does bilateral L1 and L2 dorsal root ganglion block for discogenic low-back pain?\nAnswer: We conclude that blocks of this nociceptive pathway in humans using bilateral DRG blocks has no therapeutic value.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ecbd4703bf04877b819750e81eb709a", "input": "Question: Is daily physical activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mainly associated with dynamic hyperinflation?\nAnswer: Daily physical activity of patients with COPD is mainly associated with dynamic hyperinflation, regardless of severity classification.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-18ba70cecefe4665a711860d062f9d4e", "input": "Question: Is the diagnostic value of provocative clinical tests in ulnar neuropathy at the elbow marginal?\nAnswer: The diagnostic value of provocative clinical tests in UNE is poor.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-00b9bcf5978f436aa8f694b89092e8e5", "input": "Question: Do thyroid hormones affect recovery from depression during antidepressant treatment?\nAnswer: Our study suggests that thyroid hormones may have an impact on severity and efficacy of antidepressant treatment. However, our result should be considered with caution and merely as a suggestion due to some methodological limitations. Hence further studies are required to better ascertain the role of thyroid hormones in depression after menopause.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed89017a99004c4f9007240f9e5f2dcb", "input": "Question: Does emergency ambulance transport induce stress in patients with acute coronary syndrome?\nAnswer: Emergency ambulance transportation induces a rise in plasma catecholamine levels and therefore stress in patients with acute coronary syndrome, but does not result in cardiac shock as lactate levels and haemodynamic parameters remain normal.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf11dd9d568a43f5bfc8df809af91177", "input": "Question: Does neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin ( NGAL ) reflect iron status in haemodialysis patients?\nAnswer: The findings demonstrated that HD patients have altered NGAL values probably because this protein is involved in the maintenance of iron equilibrium. Finally, NGAL might be proposed as a new tool in the assessment of iron deficiency and in the management of iron therapy for HD patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b948cf109144768be97b4f3be2c8efe", "input": "Question: Does hypoxia interfere with connective tissue growth factor ( CTGF ) gene expression in human proximal tubular cell lines?\nAnswer: We provide evidence that hypoxia inhibits CTGF synthesis in human proximal tubular epithelial cells, involving HIF-1alpha. Under hypoxic conditions, induction of CTGF by TGF-beta was repressed. The reduced synthesis of the profibrotic factor CTGF may contribute to a potential protective effect of hypoxic preconditioning in acute renal injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ddb1ee1e0c04cc9900f5e64ead525c5", "input": "Question: Is increased expression of hyaluronic acid binding protein 1 correlated with poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer?\nAnswer: HABP1 might be an independent predictive factor for breast cancer prognosis and up-regulation of HABP1 might play an important role in the metastasis of breast cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1252714673bc400c81bddb36c9543150", "input": "Question: Do ethnicity and OPRM variant independently predict pain perception and patient-controlled analgesia usage for post-operative pain?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that ethnicity and OPRM 118A>G genotype are independent and significant contributors to variation in pain perception and postoperative morphine use in patients undergoing cesarean delivery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b650c6c20ca547599bf2eaa8af167eec", "input": "Question: Does the Ets dominant repressor En/Erm enhance intestinal epithelial tumorigenesis in ApcMin mice?\nAnswer: Our findings provide in vivo evidence for a tumor-restricting function of endogenous Ets factors in the intestinal epithelium.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-61d63bc0544f4074aa076c888766b5a6", "input": "Question: Is collagen fleece-bound fibrin sealant associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic events or major bleeding after its use for haemostasis in surgery : a prospective multicentre surveillance study?\nAnswer: Collagen fleece-bound fibrin sealant does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of TEEs, major bleeding or immunological events in patients undergoing surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2067d1a23f8041e9822bc3e1ed69a026", "input": "Question: Is fibronectin a TH1-specific molecule in human subjects?\nAnswer: Because fibronectin also plays a major role in the attachment and opsonization of numerous intracellular pathogens, we propose that it might be a critical molecule produced by T(H)1 cells involved in pathogen eradication.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-370a8020fe60408aa461fb94cd5e4083", "input": "Question: Does nitric oxide inhibit IFN regulatory factor 1 and nuclear factor-kappaB pathways in rhinovirus-infected epithelial cells?\nAnswer: Nitric oxide blocks rhinovirus-mediated activation and nuclear translocation of both NF-kappaB and IRF-1. NO also directly inhibits the binding of each of these transcription factors to their respective recognition sites in the CXCL10 promoter. In addition, the ability of HRV-16 to induce epithelial expression of IRF-1 is dependent, at least in part, on viral activation of NF-kappaB.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e0a2be6ea9dc4339a7380144fed83c97", "input": "Question: Are lung mast cells a source of secreted phospholipases A2?\nAnswer: sPLA(2) activity is increased in the airways of asthmatic patients. HLMCs express multiple sPLA(2)s and release 1 or more of them when activated by anti-IgE. The sPLA(2)s released by mast cells contribute to LTC(4) production by acting in an autocrine fashion. Mast cells can be a source of sPLA(2)s in the airways of asthmatic patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e30bd9dfc7d34bcc826c0901656ff056", "input": "Question: Does habitat adaptation rather than genetic distance correlate with female preference in fire salamanders ( Salamandra salamandra )?\nAnswer: A comparative analysis of our data showed that habitat adaptation rather than neutral genetic distance correlates with female preference in these salamanders, and that habitat-dependent female preference of a specific pond-reproducing population may have been lost during adaptation to the novel environmental conditions of ponds.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb71c86f3a904e7694862eefbbc52c9d", "input": "Question: Are personality problems considerably associated with somatic morbidity and health care utilisation?\nAnswer: In this population based study, personality problems in young adults based on DSM-IV personality disorder criteria were associated with increased occurrence of somatic morbidity and primary health care utilisation. The relevance for GP to take personality problems into account during consultations is underlined and a method for doing so is suggested.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-39e936fcde094faebed77621e7eeedda", "input": "Question: Do formal definitions of measurement bias and explanation bias clarify measurement and conceptual perspectives on response shift?\nAnswer: It is important to distinguish between measurement and conceptual perspectives as they involve different ideas about response shift. Definitions from both perspectives help to resolve conceptual and methodological confusion around response shift and to further its research.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef5a0efd76e84986adbbabc104943866", "input": "Question: Does desflurane selectively suppress long-latency cortical neuronal response to flash in the rat?\nAnswer: The results indicate that visual cortex neurons remain responsive to flash stimulation under desflurane anesthesia, but the long-latency component of their response is attenuated in a concentration-dependent manner. Suppression of the long-latency response may be related to a loss of corticocortical feedback and loss of consciousness.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-29029344e17c401e8661f9b3926c4ba7", "input": "Question: Is later toilet training associated with urge incontinence in children?\nAnswer: For children who display signs of toilet-training readiness, training should be initiated prior to 32 months of age to reduce the risk for urge incontinence.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-439adf33f97b4b3782c443099df11082", "input": "Question: Is boule present in fish and bisexually expressed in adult and embryonic germ cells of medaka?\nAnswer: The identification of fish boule and dazl genes provides direct evidence for the early gene duplication during vertebrate evolution. Our finding that Obol exhibits bisexual expression in both embryonic and adult germ cells considerably extends the diversity of boule expression patterns and offers a new insight into the evolutions of DAZ family members, expression patterns and functions in animal fertility.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d358be23c6147a1adc22cd8244d7ff5", "input": "Question: Does preconditioning with high mobility group box 1 protein protect against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury?\nAnswer: The present study suggested that preconditioning with HMGB1 could induce HMGB1 tolerance and protect against myocardial I/R injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d3e1f86d3ef45af8cc415420ed32bc0", "input": "Question: Does nox4 mediate the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 via p38 MAPK pathway in cultured human endothelial cells?\nAnswer: The NADPH oxidase inhibitors DPI and S 17834 as well as Nox4 silencing decreased PAI-1 synthesis in human cultured endothelial cells demonstrating the involvement of the constitutively active Nox4-containing NADPH oxidase in ROS-mediated PAI-1 transcription via p38 MAPK pathways. NADPH oxidase targeting with inhibitors such as S17834 could be an interesting strategy to decrease both oxidative stress and PAI-1 synthesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-624a1322b56440d39d4332352e43d424", "input": "Question: Do subgenual cingulate and visual cortex responses to sad faces predict clinical outcome during antidepressant treatment for depression?\nAnswer: The sample size was modest and patients were taking a variety of antidepressants.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-03e9804074b840e0893fe72e8fec1bfd", "input": "Question: Does notch signaling enhance osteogenic differentiation while inhibiting adipogenesis in primary human bone marrow stromal cells?\nAnswer: In summary, our data suggest that induction of Notch signaling enhances the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs while inhibiting the adipogenic fate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-004ccb1a3d7442e996e4110a000f0e1a", "input": "Question: Are the oncologic results of laparoscopic radical cystectomy ( yet ) equivalent to open cystectomy?\nAnswer: When stage distribution (organ-confined versus nonorgan-confined) and survival rates of laparoscopic and open RCX are cross-checked against surrogate markers (LN+, margin+, distant failure, local recurrence rate, etc.), it becomes easily obvious that the laparoscopic RCX and open cohorts are not identical. To explain the observed discrepancy, there must be a strong selection bias. Data on overall, disease-specific and recurrence-free survival on laparoscopic RCX are still immature compared with the standard of care that must remain in open RCX. To prove the noninferiority of laparoscopic compared with open surgery regarding outcome, multicenter prospective trials are urgently needed. Until then laparoscopic RCX must be considered experimental surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-809e8ad315b643a8bd8b2341cffff007", "input": "Question: Does selective pharmacological blockade of the TRPV1 receptor suppress sensory reflexes of the rodent bladder?\nAnswer: The TRPV1 antagonists JNJ17203212 and JYL1421 increased the threshold for activation of the micturition reflex in the anesthetized rat volume induced micturition reflex model. This effect appeared to be mediated by capsaicin sensitive afferents. JNJ17203212 also inhibited detrusor overactivity induced by intravesical capsaicin and intravesical citric acid. These data extend our understanding of the role of TRPV1 in sensory modulation of the micturition reflex under nonirritant and inflammatory conditions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6cb580c2a16c4547ba8c462e6244df5d", "input": "Question: Does dNA microarray expression profiling of bladder cancer allow identification of noninvasive diagnostic markers?\nAnswer: Bladder cancer analysis by DNA microarrays provides new putative mRNA markers for bladder cancer diagnosis and/or prognosis that can be extrapolated to bladder fluids.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f74d9e7761d643e5b726eda2ee16718e", "input": "Question: Is index of central obesity better than waist circumference in defining metabolic syndrome?\nAnswer: ICO appears better than WC in defining metabolic syndrome in terms of better sensitivity and potential to be used with single cutoff for both genders.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-132f9a03dcf94e96a21c886ab643302c", "input": "Question: Does nMD inhibition fail to identify tumour suppressor genes in microsatellite stable gastric cancer cell lines?\nAnswer: Although UPF1 was substantially repressed, thus resulting in the inhibition of the NMD system, we did not find genes inactivated by nonsense mutations. Our results show that the GINI strategy leads to a high number of false positives.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b5ca8afe236049669279326b12d78244", "input": "Question: Is bronchioloalveolar carcinoma ( lepidic growth ) component a more useful prognostic factor than lymph node metastasis?\nAnswer: In comparison with other immunohistochemical and histopathologic factors, BAC/LG component is independently and reliably prognostic for small adenocarcinoma of the lung, and, in particular, for the major histologic subtype (adenocarcinoma mixed subtype with BAC/LG), BAC/LG component is more reliably prognostic than lymph node metastasis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec1552d3864246e59649792078c721e2", "input": "Question: Is mYC a metastasis gene for non-small-cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: Potential markers for detection of metastasis were identified and validated for diagnosis of human biopsies. These markers may represent targets for future therapeutic intervention as they include genes such as Gata4 that are exclusively expressed during lung development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-489d2e0428104ea18ec29bc8d270b1aa", "input": "Question: Does ischemic preconditioning attenuate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting activation of IKKbeta and inflammatory response?\nAnswer: The evidence suggests that IKKbeta may play a role in renal I/R injury and give rise to the generation of NGAL. It appears that IPC may attenuate renal injury and the expression of NGAL following acute I/R injury. IKKbeta may offer a clinically accessible target for preventing renal injury following I/R.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d71a71382582429892f1686685727490", "input": "Question: Is complete soft tissue sarcoma resection a viable treatment option for select elderly patients?\nAnswer: Properly selected elderly patients can safely undergo extensive STS resections. Until more effective therapies become available, surgery in the elderly is indicated and remains the best means for STS control.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-43ac02066cbd4048ab059d71cc7f5591", "input": "Question: Does triptolide promote generation of FoxP3+ T regulatory cells in rats?\nAnswer: These data suggest that TPT may promote the differentiation of CD4+ cells to FoxP3+ Tregs. This would be at least one of the pathways responsible for the immunosuppressive activity of TPT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-34e323cecadc44c896e059b47b5ae659", "input": "Question: Is hepaticoduodenostomy an alternative to Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy for biliary reconstruction in live donor liver transplantation?\nAnswer: This preliminary case series suggests that that HD is a feasible alternative to HJ biliary anastomosis when a duct-to-duct anastomosis cannot be performed. HD offers the possible advantage of simple postoperative access to the biliary system by endoscopy and avoids complications caused by HJ bowel anastomosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e48b00d903442d59c5ac5d378f6e8ca", "input": "Question: Does cyclosporine withdrawal improve long-term graft survival in renal transplantation?\nAnswer: This study illustrates superior long-term renal transplant survival and preservation of renal function with a protocol using cyclosporine withdrawal. If long-term renal transplant outcomes are to improve, we should reconsider guidelines recommending universal maintenance use of cyclosporine.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b3d5afd868e04bf2814cf416f042b890", "input": "Question: Is fulvestrant treatment associated with cholesterol plasma level reduction in hormone-receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer patients?\nAnswer: We observed a lipid lowering effect of fulvestrant possibly related to an influence on lipid metabolism by a mechanism in which a role could be played by progesterone receptor.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-220491cee84445bea173f6fae1ae45d0", "input": "Question: Are brain lesions most often reversible in acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura?\nAnswer: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is the most common brain imaging abnormality in severe manifestations of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Large infarctions and hemorrhage are infrequent. Consequently, abnormal brain neuroimaging does not seem to impact patient outcome, and full neurologic recovery is possible even in comatose patients with extensive brain abnormalities on MRI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2d53fc1fba6343ba910330bf7ab44d8f", "input": "Question: Does increased production of soluble CTLA-4 in patients with spondylarthropathies correlate with disease activity?\nAnswer: SpA patients exhibit high levels of circulating sCTLA-4 that may result from an alternative splicing of CTLA-4 transcripts. This may influence immune activation and regulation in SpA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-892a80f779574b5e9e6cc85728f93e06", "input": "Question: Does integration of Bayesian molecular clock methods and fossil-based soft bounds reveal early Cenozoic origin of African lacertid lizards?\nAnswer: This study represents the first attempt to estimate evolutionary ages of a specific group of reptiles exhibiting uncertain phylogenetic relationships, molecular rate variation and a poor fossil record. Our results emphasize the sensitivity of molecular divergence dates to fossil calibrations, and support the use of combined molecular data sets and multiple, well-spaced dates from the fossil record as minimum node constraints. The bioinformatics program used here, TreeTime, is publicly available, and we recommend its use for molecular dating of taxa faced with similar challenges.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ed15047084a4c98a91d6bdc9f7f8877", "input": "Question: Does gNAS haploinsufficiency lead to subcutaneous tumor formation with collagen and elastin deposition and calcification?\nAnswer: These findings provide in vivo evidence that G(s)alpha pathways inhibit fibroblast and endothelial proliferation and matrix deposition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fce434960fab429285767bad10ce2177", "input": "Question: Is cytoplasm-to-nucleus shuttling of thyroid hormone receptor-beta1 ( Trbeta1 ) directed from a plasma membrane integrin receptor by thyroid hormone?\nAnswer: TR-GFP translocation in the presence of T(4) requires activation of extracellular-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2). Inhibition of T(4)-binding to alphavbeta3 with anti-alphavbeta3 or Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide blocks T(4)-stimulated GFP-TR nuclear translocation, as do the hormone-binding inhibitor tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) and the ERK1/2 inhibitor, PD98059. TR1 is an ERK1/2 substrate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad41a69e9a9e4269b8322d01f66d9b77", "input": "Question: Does the hostile neck increase the risk of carotid endarterectomy?\nAnswer: Hostile necks led to more complex CEA procedures but without substantial consequences in early and late morbidity and mortality. Most patients with hostile neck can undergo CEA at low risk, with the benefit of effective long-lasting stroke prevention similar to standard patients. In our opinion, the more frequent but temporary cranial nerve dysfunctions that occur are not sufficient to consider hostile neck patients noneligible for CEA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d061eb2131044a0eb1faa901e3d1c5f8", "input": "Question: Does glycyrretinic acid block cardiac sodium channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes?\nAnswer: GA blocked cardiac sodium currents, particularly late I(Na.) Our findings might help to understand the traditional use of licorice in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, because reduction of sodium currents (particularly late I(Na)) would be expected to provide protection from Na(+)-induced Ca(2+) overload and cell damage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-efcccd17d91d484c8de1be06bc020f31", "input": "Question: Is depressed affect associated with poorer cardiovascular recovery in young women following a mental stressor?\nAnswer: Greater depressed mood was associated with greater HR reactivity and poorer DBP recovery. This is the first study to directly investigate associations between depressed mood and CV recovery following mental stress.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-026e0935e398486ca52b296ed5c77ff8", "input": "Question: Is reverse rate dependency an intrinsic property of canine cardiac preparations?\nAnswer: RRD of APD modulation is shared, although with differences in magnitude, by interventions of very different nature. RRD can be interpreted as a consequence of the relationship between I(m) and APD and, as such, is expected in all species having positive APD-CL relationship. This implies that the development of agents prolonging APD with direct rate dependency, or even completely devoid of RRD, may be difficult to achieve.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-65430741dfb04ea4ab4315f35e826efc", "input": "Question: Do older men with higher self-rated socioeconomic status have shorter telomeres?\nAnswer: men with higher self-rated socioeconomic status have shorter telomeres, possibly mediated through psychosocial rather than lifestyle factors or the presence of chronic disease. There may be cultural ethnic and age-related differences in social determinants of health.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-899835dc99cc4704b9f07180873d1075", "input": "Question: Does polysomnographic and health-related quality of life correlate of restless legs syndrome in the Sleep Heart Health Study?\nAnswer: These novel PSG data from a nonclinical, community-based sample of individuals with RLS document sleep disturbance in the home even in individuals with intermittent symptoms.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09f5b9799edb499a97487934232b3234", "input": "Question: Is minimally invasive colon resection for malignant colonic conditions associated with a transient early increase in plasma sVEGFR1 and a decrease in sVEGFR2 levels after surgery?\nAnswer: sVEGFR2 values decreased and sVEGFR1 levels increased early after MICR; sVEGFR2 changes dominate due to their much larger magnitude. The net result is less plasma VEGF bound by soluble receptors and more plasma VEGF available to bind to ECs early after surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee869435567b4572b9d5066daa240af4", "input": "Question: Do an update on long-term outcome of curative hepatic resection for hepatocholangiocarcinoma?\nAnswer: Hepatocholangiocarcinoma entails poor long-term outcome after potentially curative hepatectomy. Other modalities of treatment should be explored in order to prolong survival of patients with this disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4815418eb15c4bb7ae169b8feb2f9d70", "input": "Question: Is [ Restless legs syndrome highly underdiagnosed in a neurologic-psychiatric outpatient clinic ]?\nAnswer: A low awareness of RLS exists in Chile, even among specialized physicians.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-270547cfe03f41b1980bc56f0627bf88", "input": "Question: Do human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C infections induce distinct immunologic imprints in peripheral mononuclear cells?\nAnswer: An aberrant type-I IFN response seen exclusively in HIV-infected individuals could be responsible for the poor therapeutic response experienced by HIV/HCV coinfected individuals receiving interferon-alpha-based current standard of care.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9d25105e775466ca71b6aff2fc9c71d", "input": "Question: Does setting of care modify risk of nursing home placement for older adults with dementia?\nAnswer: The findings suggest that differences in care provided in HCBS and AL may influence subsequent NH placement for older adults with dementia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0cd6205e58aa479bb7df6e50d8c1a43b", "input": "Question: Does iron-limited condition modulate biofilm formation and interaction with human epithelial cells of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli ( EAEC )?\nAnswer: Low iron availability may modulate biofilm formation and adhesive properties of EAEC strains to HEp-2 cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-207ed710c3404abcba90b13342843375", "input": "Question: Does population-based prostate-specific antigen testing in the UK lead to a stage migration of prostate cancer?\nAnswer: Population-based PSA testing resulted in a significant downward stage and grade migration, and most such cancers were of low stage and grade, which could lead to risks of over-treatment for some men.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b37f948cf74f4985b8411854f1b81374", "input": "Question: Does specific immunotherapy to birch allergen enhance suppression of Th2 cells by CD4 ( + ) CD25 ( + ) regulatory T cells during pollen season?\nAnswer: These results suggest that the Th2-suppressive capacity of allergen-stimulated CD25(pos) Treg in vitro is not improved by SIT in spite of increased IL-10 production from T cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dde2943df6d64e8098c19f4505c5905e", "input": "Question: Is contrast-enhanced ultrasound helpful in the differentiation of malignant and benign breast lesions?\nAnswer: CEUS cooperating with conventional US shows improved accuracy in differentiating between malignant and benign breast tumors. It could be a reliable diagnostic method of breast lesions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e3a2ff5e55e24dc8a047b38a75fbffa5", "input": "Question: Does high expression of stathmin protein predict a fulminant course in medulloblastoma?\nAnswer: High stathmin expression correlates with tumor dissemination, is an important prognostic factor of medulloblastoma, and may serve as a useful marker for more intensive adjuvant therapies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad8729ebe9f149b7a223d94bbac84aaf", "input": "Question: Does gene transfer of calcitonin gene-related peptide suppress development of allograft vasculopathy?\nAnswer: The expression of CGRP effectively suppressed the development of allograft vasculopathy and encroachment by lymphocytes and inflammatory cells. This reduced the levels of VCAM-1 to inhibit apoptosis induced by iNOS; thus, the tissue of the allografted vessel was protected and rejection was averted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a3fafe8f241461e8c04d0006930c3b0", "input": "Question: Are genetic polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter , but not the 2a receptor or nitric oxide synthetase , associated with pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?\nAnswer: In this COPD cohort we confirm that PH is frequent and usually mild, but out of proportion in a subgroup. We found a significant association of the L-allelic variant of 5HTT with PH overall and especially in out-of-proportion PH. These findings may point towards a role of the serotonin system in COPD-PH and warrant further studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4fce9203eabb423ba6112f1921996c3e", "input": "Question: Does expression of signal transduction genes differ after hypoxic or isoflurane preconditioning of rat hippocampal slice cultures?\nAnswer: Despite sharing similar upstream signaling and neuroprotective outcomes, the genomic response to APC and HPC is different. Increased expression of antiapoptosis genes after HPC and cell development genes after APC has implications both for neuroprotection and long-term effects of anesthetics.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a5291b8645b74aefb4dc5ac852277b4d", "input": "Question: Does catechol-O-methyltransferase valine ( 158 ) methionine polymorphism modulate brain networks underlying working memory across adulthood?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that the COMTval(158)met polymorphism modulates both the activity and functional connectivity of brain regions within WM networks and most importantly that this effect is exaggerated with increasing age, contributing to the variability in age-related decline in executive cognition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dc46ff53edec4562954be4e4572dc5ee", "input": "Question: Is the neovolcanic axis a barrier to gene flow among Aedes aegypti populations in Mexico that differ in vector competence for Dengue 2 virus?\nAnswer: Barriers to gene flow in vector populations may also impact the frequency of genes that condition continuous and epidemiologically relevant traits such as vector competence. Further studies are warranted to determine why the NVA is a barrier to gene flow and to determine whether the differences in vector competence seen north and south of the NVA are stable and epidemiologically significant.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-814d1a2b6955448081188f94726deea0", "input": "Question: Does pancreatic neuropathy result in `` neural remodeling '' and altered pancreatic innervation in chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer?\nAnswer: The quality of intrapancreatic nerve fibers and the activation state of intrapancreatic glia in CP and PCa are strikingly different from those in normal pancreas. This novel phenomenon of \"neural remodeling\" shows how pancreatic neuropathic pain and \"visceral neuropathy\" are associated with altered pancreatic innervation in CP and PCa.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d0cce8dcee844bc8070a6998dc2b03f", "input": "Question: Is childbearing associated with higher incidence of the metabolic syndrome among women of reproductive age controlling for measurements before pregnancy : the CARDIA study?\nAnswer: Increasing parity is associated with future development of the MetS independent of prior obesity and pregnancy-related weight gain. Risk varies by GDM status.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-947dbdedf0cb488ca0ec627f4bb5cd42", "input": "Question: Is evidence that pairing with genetically similar mates maladaptive in a monogamous bird?\nAnswer: These findings provide evidence that breeders in a genetically monogamous species may avoid the fitness costs of reproducing with a genetically similar mate. In such species that lack the opportunity to obtain extra-pair fertilizations, mate choice may therefore be under high selective pressure.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b5847593c1f84ecf8e9fa37a1679041e", "input": "Question: Is chronic venous insufficiency associated with elevated level of circulating microparticles?\nAnswer: The findings indicate that CVI is accompanied by an enhanced release of EMPs and PMPs that contribute to altered dysfunctional response of the venous wall.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5be76d7677f346cc85f6da8b497a9e4b", "input": "Question: Are transmitochondrial embryonic stem cells containing pathogenic mtDNA mutations compromised in neuronal differentiation?\nAnswer: Differentiated neurons carrying severely pathogenic mtDNA defects can provide a useful model for understanding how such mutations can cause neuronal dysfunction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8503ad405b544715b301ba0a067d7fcd", "input": "Question: Is irritable bowel syndrome strongly associated with generalized anxiety disorder : a community study?\nAnswer: Irritable Bowel Syndrome and GAD comorbidity was common and added to impairment in the community. The strong association between psychiatric morbidity and IBS observed in referral centres was not a consequence of increased help-seeking behaviour.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b1369a2326d423a8ed4a3221c99635f", "input": "Question: Does age influence anthropometric and fitness-related predictors of bone mineral in men?\nAnswer: Relationships of body composition, muscular strength and aerobic capacity to bone mineral are stronger in middle-age versus older men.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c52d2a61359b4db0ba6f61e71b99bcc6", "input": "Question: Is pretreatment quality of life an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: Pretreatment QOL measured by Uniscale is a significant and an independent prognostic factor for OS, and QOL should be routinely integrated as a stratification factor in advanced NSCLC trials.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5aa7d20e7d740e8b5719148f96eb088", "input": "Question: Does a DNA microarray facilitate the diagnosis of Bacillus anthracis in environmental samples?\nAnswer: This array clearly differentiates B. anthracis from members of the B. cereus group and other Bacillus species in environmental samples by chromosomal (rpoB) and plasmid markers. Additionally, recognition of B. cereus strains harbouring the toxin genes or atypical B. anthracis strains that have lost the virulence plasmids is feasible.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c7592d874da46cbbc7d925304e3a870", "input": "Question: Does a combination of assays reveal biomass differences in biofilms formed by Escherichia coli mutants?\nAnswer: The ATP assay, the crystal violet assay and scanning electron microscopy yielded similar results for six of the eight strains tested. For the remaining two strains, the images from the scanning electron microscopy confirmed the results from the ATP assay.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c71709f6a2d4a04a1c43291a651968f", "input": "Question: Do pro-inflammatory cytokine genes influence the clinical features of frontotemporal lobar degeneration?\nAnswer: Our findings support a role for pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in the pathogenesis of frontotemporal lobar degeneration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7bdf92b9bfaf487da712203143e9a3e4", "input": "Question: Is p-gp activity a critical resistance factor against AVE9633 and DM4 cytotoxicity in leukaemia cell lines , but not a major mechanism of chemoresistance in cells from acute myeloid leukaemia patients?\nAnswer: P-gp activity is not a crucial mechanism of chemoresistance to AVE9633. For patients whose resistance to conventional anthracycline AML regimens is related to ABC protein expression, a combination with AVE9633 could be beneficial. Other mechanisms such as microtubule alteration could play an important role in chemoresistance to AVE9633.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ba038d0593124147acadf85d6492f602", "input": "Question: Are high levels of soluble Major Histocompatibility Complex class I related chain A ( MICA ) associated with biliary cast syndrome after liver transplantation?\nAnswer: Biliary cast syndrome is more likely to develop in recipients who have post-transplant high levels of sMICA. The data suggested that sMICA might have some immunologic effect on BCS development following liver transplant. Monitoring of serum sMICA could have a prognostic value in assessment of patients with liver transplantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-86346f2069c04e47a880adb418b5355f", "input": "Question: Is perioperative asymptomatic cardiac damage after endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair associated with poor long-term outcome?\nAnswer: Asymptomatic cardiac damage in patients undergoing EVAR is associated with poor long-term outcome. Routine perioperative cardiac screening after EVAR might be warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-863eae0f5a3940e2923a8e940bfb2d8c", "input": "Question: Does local lentiviral short hairpin RNA silencing of CCR2 inhibit vein graft thickening in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E3-Leiden mice?\nAnswer: Vascular CCR2 contributes to vein graft disease, and local application of shRNA against CCR2 to the vessel wall prevents vein graft thickening in hypercholesterolemic mice, suggesting that local overexpressing of shRNA using organ-targeted lentiviral gene delivery may be a promising therapeutic tool to improve vein graft disease in bypassed patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c79c07391cde4080b11f6f531001a66a", "input": "Question: Is high seizure frequency prior to antiepileptic treatment a predictor of pharmacoresistant epilepsy in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy?\nAnswer: The data from this study are in line with clinical experience that the frequency of seizures in the early phase of epilepsy is a dominant risk factor that predicts refractoriness. However, resistance to treatment also occurred in rats that did not differ in seizure frequency from responders, indicating that disease severity alone is not sufficient to explain antiepileptic drug (AED) resistance. These data provide further evidence that epilepsy models are useful in the search for predictors and mechanisms of pharmacoresistance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-44446da2b083462b8e322188e545fc4d", "input": "Question: Is the Beijing genotype associated with young age and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in rural Vietnam?\nAnswer: In Vietnam, Beijing genotype is associated with young age and in new patients with multidrug resistance despite adequate TB control, suggesting a biological association. This potentially undermines the effectiveness of TB control in countries where Beijing genotype infections are common.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2371438e50f34143aba5db3bf631e660", "input": "Question: Does exercise improve cognition and hippocampal plasticity in APOE epsilon4 mice?\nAnswer: Our results support the hypothesis that exercise can improve cognitive function, particularly in epsilon4 carriers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-437b3179fc3041b9bc80dfcf80547b50", "input": "Question: Does fatigue-induced ACL injury risk stem from a degradation in central control?\nAnswer: Unilateral fatigue induces a fatigue crossover to the contralateral limb during single-leg landings. Central fatigue thus seems to be a critical component of fatigue-induced sports landing strategies. Hence, targeted training of central control processes may be necessary to counter successfully the debilitative impact of fatigue on ACL injury risk.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7dc1e0c2d5cd40498f116adbce9afb05", "input": "Question: Does enteral nutrition rapidly reverse total parenteral nutrition-induced impairment of hepatic immunity in a murine model?\nAnswer: EN rapidly reverses TPN-induced impairment of hepatic immunity along with increased hepatic MNC numbers and LPS receptor expressions on Kupffer cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e431e50ae4c44787979d2487845040ad", "input": "Question: Does stimulus familiarity affect perceptual restoration in the European starling ( Sturnus vulgaris )?\nAnswer: The results suggest that starlings are able to perceptually restore partly masked sounds and, similarly to humans, rely on prior experience. They may be a suitable model to study the mechanism underlying experience-dependent perceptual restoration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed36afb99947449e992ce1b334bec4f8", "input": "Question: Is plasma glucose and insulin regulation abnormal following gastric bypass surgery with or without neuroglycopenia?\nAnswer: Plasma glucose and insulin responses to oral glucose in patients with symptomatic hypoglycemia post-RYGB are minimally different when compared to individuals who remain asymptomatic, and both groups demonstrate hyperinsulinemia out of proportion to their degree of insulin sensitivity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c511de71f204f72ae23d9d33ec52440", "input": "Question: Is failure to recover somatotropic axis function associated with mortality from pediatric sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome?\nAnswer: These data suggest that prolonged reduction of somatotropic axis function is associated with mortality from pediatric sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Reductions in innate and adaptive immune function are common in this population and are associated with failure of recovery of the somatotropic axis, although the nature of these relationships remains incompletely understood.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5c6d47146102437a9b2e2f6b1dd2f79a", "input": "Question: Does interaction of programmed death-1 and programmed death-1 ligand-1 contribute to testicular immune privilege?\nAnswer: The constitutive expression of PD-L1 in the testis is an important mechanism underlying testicular immune privilege and long-term survival of intratesticular islet allografts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9cf75977ea646b6ab28f561cb385b48", "input": "Question: Do mesenchymal stem cells prolong composite tissue allotransplant survival in a swine model?\nAnswer: These results suggested that the regulatory activity of MSCs on T cells and GVHD might contribute to significant prolongation of composite tissue allotransplant survival in the MSC-BMT-CsA treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4dee0de7d81c40f9b8c8939e3bacd8ad", "input": "Question: Does human CMV infection of porcine endothelial cells increase adhesion receptor expression and human leukocyte recruitment?\nAnswer: After pig-to-human solid organ transplantation HCMV may infect and activate the porcine endothelium, rendering the xenograft more susceptible to human leukocyte recruitment and rejection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f92f4eeca4c4b03916b268511ac254a", "input": "Question: Does second-hand smoke stimulate lipid accumulation in the liver by modulating AMPK and SREBP-1?\nAnswer: These novel findings are important because they point to another risk factor of smoking, i.e., that of contributing to NAFLD. In addition, our results showing that both AMPK and SREBP are critically involved in these effects of smoke point to the potential use of these molecules as targets for treatment of cigarette smoke-induced metabolic diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-696eb08bcf074cc89c7c6f024f953dcc", "input": "Question: Does disequilibrium between admitted and discharged hospitalized patients affect emergency department length of stay?\nAnswer: Disequilibrium between the number of admitted and discharged inpatients significantly affects next-day ED length of stay. Better matching of daily hospital discharges and admissions could reduce ED waiting times and may be more amenable to intervention than reducing admissions alone. The admission-discharge ratio may also provide a simple way of tracking and enhancing hospital system performance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ebc490ff24e347a78be40f31b0cf912d", "input": "Question: Is gender related to alterations of renal endothelial function in type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: Our data demonstrate that NO availability in the renal circulation is greater in female than in male patients with type 2 diabetes that is associated with reduced levels of oxidative stress in females. The role of this gender-related difference in renal endothelial function for the initiation and progression of diabetic nephropathy should be addressed in future studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f69e5c33b6bc42bdbfb92e51f9e495cf", "input": "Question: Is pro-brain natriuretic peptide a sensitive marker for detecting cardiac metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: Plasma NT-pro-BNP is remarkably elevated in patients with NSCLC and myocardial/pericardial infiltrations and may be used as a sensitive marker for detecting cardiac metastases in these patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c0f87d301f04e28b123e7b0e758b289", "input": "Question: Is hypoxemic resuscitation after hemorrhagic shock accompanied by reduced serum levels of angiopoietin-2?\nAnswer: Hypoxemic resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock is a process accompanied by reduced serum levels of Ang2. These findings add significantly to our understanding of that experimental treatment strategy of resuscitation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f482ddb3fc174915a1f88883c927e33a", "input": "Question: Does two different doses of caudal neostigmine co-administered with levobupivacaine produce analgesia in children?\nAnswer: Caudal neostigmine in doses of 2 and 4 microg.kg(-1) with levobupivacaine extends the duration of analgesia without increasing the incidence of adverse effects, and 2 microg.kg(-1) seems to be the optimal dose, as higher dose has no further advantages.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d8713d7000c34eb5ae266c3111d9438f", "input": "Question: Are smoking , sun exposure , number of nevi and previous neoplasias risk factors for melanoma in older patients ( 60 years and over )?\nAnswer: Tobacco smoking is an independent risk factor for cutaneous melanoma in the elderly. Intense (both acute and chronic) sun exposure and constitutional features, such as tumor susceptibility (NMSC, non-cutaneous neoplasias, and multiple nevi) are also associated with melanoma risk. All these factors should help to better design educational campaigns in older people.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-41936561bd7741af8405e8c2444a2734", "input": "Question: Is obstructive sleep apnea common in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?\nAnswer: OSA is prevalent in patients with IPF and may be underrecognized by primary care providers and specialists. Neither ESS nor SA-SDQ alone or in combination was a strong screening tool. Given the high prevalence found in our sample, formal sleep evaluation and polysomnography should be considered in patients with IPF.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-76876338f88746c490b61655d0d60e52", "input": "Question: Does cross-fostering alter the neurochemistry or behavior of spontaneously hypertensive rats?\nAnswer: The ADHD-like behavior of SHR and their neurochemistry is genetically determined and not dependent on nurturing by SHR dams. The similarity between WKY and SD supports the continued use of WKY as a control for SHR and suggests that SD may be a useful additional reference strain for SHR. The fact that SD behaved similarly to WKY in the elevated-plus maze argues against the use of WKY as a model for anxiety-like disorders.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-61129ae1f50942d2ad101be3211ebd70", "input": "Question: Is cigarette smoking associated with subclinical parenchymal lung disease : the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis ( MESA ) -lung study?\nAnswer: Smoking may cause subclinical parenchymal lung disease detectable by spirometry and CT imaging, even among a generally healthy cohort.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed2d1280a54f4197b360ca7b7e212e90", "input": "Question: Do investigations of fine-scale phylogeography in Tigriopus californicus reveal historical patterns of population divergence?\nAnswer: The use of sequence data at a fine-scale of resolution in this species has provided novel insights into the processes that have resulted in the accumulation of genetic divergence among populations. This divergence is likely to result from an interplay between a limited dispersal ability for this copepod and the temporal instability of copepod habitat. Both shorter-term processes such as the extinction/recolonization dynamics of copepod pools and longer-term processes such as geological uplift of coastline and sea level changes appear to have impacted the patterns of differentiation. Some patterns of sequence variation are consistent with selection acting upon the loci used in this study; however, it appears that most phylogeographic patterns are the result of history and not selection on these genes in this species.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c995420d01e43ffb376f50aacc8d71e", "input": "Question: Do ptosis and cranial nerve IV palsy reveal juvenile myasthenia gravis?\nAnswer: Although rare, myasthenia should be considered a diagnosis in children who present with variable ptosis or strabismus. Patients can be successfully treated with medication.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7ba209fb1e5a4f64a104d6bab9b446c1", "input": "Question: Does the HaDREB2 transcription factor enhance basal thermotolerance and longevity of seeds through functional interaction with HaHSFA9?\nAnswer: Our results reveal the functional interdependency of HaDREB2 and HaHSFA9 in seeds. HaDREB2 differs from other previously characterized DREB2 factors in plants in terms of its unique functional interaction with the seed-specific HaHSFA9 factor. No functional interaction between HaDREB2 and HaHSFA9 was observed when both factors were conjointly overexpressed in vegetative tissues. We therefore suggest that additional, seed-specific factors, or protein modifications, could be required for the functional interaction between HaDREB2 and HaHSFA9.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c87b60b5104742088fefdbdb5afdc4b5", "input": "Question: Is hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure prevented by opioid receptor blockade?\nAnswer: These data suggest that the opioid signaling system is a promising target for further studies to prevent HAAF.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-89eef6e5213844dfa02a6b7441f2587c", "input": "Question: Do local anesthetics induce chondrocyte death in bovine articular cartilage disks in a dose- and duration-dependent manner?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that local anesthetics (i.e., bupivacaine, lidocaine, or ropivacaine) can have a detrimental effect on chondrocyte viability in bovine articular cartilage disks in a dose- and duration-dependent manner.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5680d9ada74d41819f67e513150d4660", "input": "Question: Does chlorhexidine gel reduce incidence of alveolar osteitis after extraction of the mandibular third molars?\nAnswer: It was concluded that the topical application of bioadhesive chlorhexidine gel to the surgical wound during the postoperative week may decrease the incidence of alveolar osteitis after extraction of the mandibular third molars.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bcb06930502a4933ba4ce7bab679e34b", "input": "Question: Is preemptive therapy adequate for prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in pancreas-kidney transplant recipients?\nAnswer: According to the results of our study, for CMV-seropositive PKT recipients, CP is a better strategy than PT. For CMV-seronegative recipients, 3 months of CP is an inadequate strategy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8a3b2d31ac1458a8644880467591f55", "input": "Question: Is vascular deposition of complement C4d increased in liver allografts with chronic rejection?\nAnswer: The complement system and anti-donor antibodies may contribute to the process of chronic allograft rejection in the liver.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-064d8e75be6047968fca8af482f6215f", "input": "Question: Do intracellular oxidative stress and cadmium ions release induce cytotoxicity of unmodified cadmium sulfide quantum dots?\nAnswer: Intracellular ROS production, GSH depletion, and cadmium ions (Cd(2+)) release are possible mechanisms for CdS QDs' cytotoxicity. We also suggested that with QD concentration increasing, the principal toxicity mechanism changes from intracellular oxidative stress to Cd(2+) release.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d76374075a5424e83e573a73cddb2e1", "input": "Question: Does l-carnitine reduce doxorubicin-induced apoptosis through a prostacyclin-mediated pathway in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that L-carnitine protects cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in part through PGI(2) and PPAR\u03b1-signaling pathways, which may potentially protect the heart from the severe toxicity of doxorubicin.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a1c55632550b4bcc96a17cb76f1d98df", "input": "Question: Does dNA methylation regulate constitutive expression of Stat6 regulatory genes SOCS-1 and SHP-1 in colon cancer cells?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that DNA methylation controls the constitutive expression of negative Stat6 regulatory genes, which may affect Stat6 activities.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5ad18d8edf04ce08d477583f7993c32", "input": "Question: Does precessation treatment with nicotine patch significantly increase abstinence rates relative to conventional treatment?\nAnswer: In view of these findings and similar results from previous studies, current labeling of the nicotine patch, which recommends using nicotine replacement therapy only after the quit date, should be reexamined.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-21405f1fcc4443cd9de33a11d0674851", "input": "Question: Does [ Interference of osteopontin expression inhibit the invasion and metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines ]?\nAnswer: The specific siRNA is able to reduce the OPN expression at both the mRNA and protein levels and significantly inhibits the invasiveness of HCC cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6f770b19d92b485093462a47ae044149", "input": "Question: Does mR spectroscopy indicate diffuse multiple sclerosis activity during remission?\nAnswer: The absence of early tissue atrophy and apparent axonal dysfunction (NAA loss) in these RR MS patients suggests that both are preceded by diffuse glial proliferation (astrogliosis), as well as possible inflammation, demyelination and remyelination reflected by elevated mI, Cho and Cr, even during clinical remission and despite immunomodulatory treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d4c78cca5c34484bbcfe193bb15c689", "input": "Question: Does truncation in the tcdC region of the Clostridium difficile PathLoc of clinical isolates predict increased biological activity of Toxin B or Toxin A?\nAnswer: Our data do not support a direct role for alterations in the tcdC gene as a predictor of hyperproduction of Toxin A and B in NAP1-related strains.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-33247dc7964f4a1c93ebe61eb1a9f24a", "input": "Question: Does preoperative 6-minute walk test add prognostic information to Euroscore in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement?\nAnswer: The 6MWT is safe and feasible to carry out in patients with severe aortic stenosis before AVR, and provides potentially important functional and prognostic information to clinical assessment and the Euroscore risk score.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7577d5903db5495895e12d5fd98bb1bc", "input": "Question: Does high glucose attenuate insulin-induced VEGF expression in bovine retinal microvascular endothelial cells?\nAnswer: Both insulin and high glucose can markedly increase VEGF expression in BRECs at the mRNA and protein level. We propose that insulin may upregulate VEGF expression through the PI3-K signalling pathway in BRECs, and high glucose may attenuate insulin-induced VEGF expression by impairing PI3-K signalling pathways.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-abd669a082f243d6afd056ae4c888591", "input": "Question: Does a novel biomechanical device improve gait pattern in patient with chronic nonspecific low back pain?\nAnswer: Patients with NSLBP treated with the novel biomechanical device for 3 months increased walking speed through longer step length and eliminated asymmetrical differences.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fdc38ce49c594120a6c31273dfcbde6c", "input": "Question: Do pan-DR-binding Hsp60 self epitopes induce an interleukin-10-mediated immune response in rheumatoid arthritis?\nAnswer: These results suggest a disease-specific immune-modulatory role of epitope-specific T cells in the inflammatory processes of RA. Therefore, these pan-DR-binding epitopes could be used as a tool to study the autoreactive T cell response in RA and might be suitable candidates for use in immunotherapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3bd74c389ddf4c65a08c10bb5b093392", "input": "Question: Are elevated C-reactive protein levels associated with prevalent dementia in the oldest-old?\nAnswer: In the oldest-old, high CRP levels are associated with increased odds of all-cause dementia, particularly in women. Prospective studies are necessary to confirm whether increased CRP levels are associated with an increased risk of developing dementia in this age group.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3238f600b6654225b500c69a00ce4917", "input": "Question: Do mesenchymal stem cells treated with rat pancreatic extract secrete cytokines that improve the glycometabolism of diabetic rats?\nAnswer: RPE enhanced the secretion of cytokines by MSCs. MSCs in the pancreatic microenvironment may exert indirect salutary effects via paracrine mediators on injured pancreatic cells in an STZ-induced diabetic animal model. The secreted factors may exert their therapeutic benefits by preventing apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-28ecf371049f4356ab898772f24cafd2", "input": "Question: Are the expression of efflux and uptake transporters regulated by statins in Caco-2 and HepG2 cells?\nAnswer: These findings reveal that statins exhibits differential effects on mRNA expression of drug transporters, and this effect depends on the cell type. Furthermore, alterations in the expression levels of drug transporters in the liver and/or intestine may contribute to the variability in oral disposition of statins.Acta Pharmacologica Sinica (2009) 30: 956-964; doi: 10.1038/aps.2009.85; published online 22 June 2009.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d33300e93ed4f4e97d3dcad17b1bde5", "input": "Question: Are multiple active myofascial trigger points and pressure pain sensitivity maps in the temporalis muscle related in women with chronic tension type headache?\nAnswer: Multiple active TrPs in the temporalis muscle were found, particularly in the anterior column and in the middle of the muscle belly. Bilateral posterior to anterior decreased distribution of PPTs in the temporalis muscle in women with CTTH was found. The locations of active TrPs in the temporalis muscle corresponded well to the muscle areas with lower PPT, supporting the relationship between multiple active muscle TrPs and topographical pressure sensitivity maps in the temporalis muscle in women with CTTH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b36577332db649328534f427bc85a395", "input": "Question: Do human embryonic stem cell-derived neural precursor transplants in collagen scaffolds promote recovery in injured rat spinal cord?\nAnswer: These findings show that transplantation of hESC-NPC in collagen scaffolds into an injured spinal cord may provide a new approach to SCI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2744e7a2121046669ee5b63e30c08705", "input": "Question: Is overweight in dogs , but not in cats , related to overweight in their owners?\nAnswer: The degree to which dogs are overweight is, in contrast to the degree to which cats are overweight, related to the BMI of their owners.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dbc84edbd5b04caaa6bdaa40788fa912", "input": "Question: Is post-fracture prescribed calcium and vitamin D supplements alone or , in females , with concomitant anti-osteoporotic drugs associated with lower mortality in elderly hip fracture patients : a prospective analysis?\nAnswer: Our results indicate a potential relationship between reduced mortality and post-fracture use of prescribed calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and, in females, concomitant use of anti-osteoporotic drugs. However, further investigations are needed to understand the reason for the reduction in the risk of death. Population-based, randomized, placebo-controlled trials with total mortality as the main endpoint should be conducted to verify our results.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-10a29d68478f49d2ac5261361bc7c8ad", "input": "Question: Does histamine H ( 3 ) receptor-mediated signaling protect mice from cerebral malaria?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that histamine regulation through the H3R in the brain suppresses the development of CM. Thus modulating histamine signaling in the central nervous system, in combination with standard therapies, may represent a novel strategy to reduce the risk of progression to cerebral malaria.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ba526be4faa4901ad5147161faa2dde", "input": "Question: Does abnormal Shh and FOXC2 expression correlate with aberrant lymphatic development in human fetuses with increased nuchal translucency?\nAnswer: Increased Shh and VEGF-A expression is correlated with an aberrant lymphatic endothelial differentiation in trisomy 21 fetuses. The SMCs surrounding the JLS can possibly be explained by an increase of PDGF-B-induced SMC recruitment and/or differentiation. This underscores earlier findings that indicate the loss of lymphatic identity in trisomy 21 fetuses and a shift towards a blood vessel wall phenotype.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-64ed27edb4e64f57aec0f53b36c58968", "input": "Question: Is neighborhood of residence associated with daily adherence to CPAP therapy?\nAnswer: In a retrospective cohort of veterans, initial CPAP adherence was closely associated with higher neighborhood socioeconomic factors. Future investigation should target specific impediments to adherence in the home and neighborhood environment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8fdcef36e13e4e50ad1fa3417a1e8f0e", "input": "Question: Is previous hepatitis a virus infection related to slower psychomotor speed in elderly adults?\nAnswer: HAV seropositivity is associated with slower psychomotor speed among the U.S. community-dwelling elders.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-46c730cc04a441e9bc4c791376e31a55", "input": "Question: Does cT assessment of woodworkers ' nasal adenocarcinomas confirm the origin in the olfactory cleft?\nAnswer: Radiologists should suspect nasal adenocarcinoma on sinus CT scans showing a unilateral expanding opacity of the olfactory cavity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-14a058ddee9341e0a4be239977abdd2e", "input": "Question: Does endogenous activated protein C predict hemorrhagic transformation and mortality after tissue plasminogen activator treatment in stroke patients?\nAnswer: A high endogenous APC level 2 h after t-PA administration is independently associated with hemorrhagic transformation and mortality in our cohort of stroke patients. Establishing any causal link for these relationships needs further research.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f1bac568e1ab4d1d96d7efd7e77875ae", "input": "Question: Does celastrol potentiate radiotherapy by impairment of DNA damage processing in human prostate cancer?\nAnswer: Celastrol sensitized PC-3 cells to radiation both in vitro and in vivo by impairing DNA damage processing and augmenting apoptosis. Celastrol might represent a promising new adjuvant regimen for the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b60e4407d80347659ccda3dc209468a0", "input": "Question: Are gender differences in the motivational processing of babies determined by their facial attractiveness?\nAnswer: These results indicate that gender differences in the motivational processing of babies include excessive (relative to the esthetic valuation) motivation to extend the viewing time of normal babies by men vs. shortening the exposure to the abnormal babies by women. Such gender-specific incentive sensitization phenomenon may reflect an evolutionary-derived need for diversion of limited resources to the nurturance of healthy offspring.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b5622fec6504b94bf53668e2ced2071", "input": "Question: Are v600E BRAF mutations alternative early molecular events in a subset of KIT/PDGFRA wild-type gastrointestinal stromal tumours?\nAnswer: BRAF mutations represent an alternative molecular pathway in the early tumorigenesis of a subset of KIT/PDGFRA wild-type GISTs and are per se not associated with a high risk of malignancy. Mutations in KIT, PDGFRA and BRAF were mutually exclusive in this study. Results from this and a previous study indicate that BRAF-mutated GISTs show a predilection for the small bowel (four of five tumours), but this needs further evaluation in larger studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ba3b811fc1e40c88592db4f8fdb748c", "input": "Question: Are common variants in 8q24 associated with risk for prostate cancer and tumor aggressiveness in men of European ancestry?\nAnswer: Although this study does not directly confirm associations of the three specific SNPs (cited above), it corroborates reported signals of association in 8q24 reaffirming that genetic variation on 8q24 influences susceptibility to PC in men of European ancestry. Although our study did not confirm the allelic association of rs1447295, meta-analysis of this SNP provided support to previous reported associations. Further, this study implicates the 8q24 region with aggressive forms of PC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f80be1a9f2f44a5ebc87ffe5918b868e", "input": "Question: Does format change of a laboratory test order form affect physician behavior?\nAnswer: Changes in format of laboratory test order forms can change physician test ordering and may be useful together with other interventions to improve appropriateness of laboratory testing. A thoughtfully built test ordering form can reinforce clinical guidelines for the performance of some preventive testing and follow-up.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e7774b473a94cd8866f42156135288c", "input": "Question: Does endogenous and exogenous thioredoxin 1 prevent goblet cell hyperplasia in a chronic antigen exposure asthma model?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that TRX1 prevents the development of goblet cell hyperplasia, and also ameliorates established goblet cell hyperplasia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-90bf3a7b2519421d8a417b78bfb6bff5", "input": "Question: Does polyclonal IgE induce mast cell survival and cytokine production?\nAnswer: These results imply that polyclonal IgE in atopic dermatitis and other atopic conditions might modulate mast cell number and function, thus amplifying the allergic response.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f020a64cb15441f9d41f9249ae21bc2", "input": "Question: Does type-1 Collagen differentially alter beta-catenin accumulation in primary Dupuytren 's Disease cord and adjacent palmar fascia cells?\nAnswer: Our findings implicate type-1 collagen as a previously unrecognized regulator of beta-catenin accumulation and a modifier of TGF-beta1 signaling specifically in primary DD cells. These data have implications for current treatment modalities as well as the design of in vitro models for research into the molecular mechanisms of DD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b4b6d6230f0841d8a7995c81215a5cdc", "input": "Question: Do polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferase genes increase risk of prostate cancer biochemical recurrence differentially by ethnicity and disease severity?\nAnswer: Our results suggest GSTs may hold promise as therapeutic targets in more advanced prostate cancers, particularly, in African-Americans.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb3d96228c954f5c9f879cce2e89b2f1", "input": "Question: Does temporo-parietal theta activity correlate with misery perfusion in arterial occlusive disease?\nAnswer: The presence of TPTA suggests misery perfusion, which is characterized by reduced rCBF and reduced rCVR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f6ea56e6cbf7438ea38d85405ecedfd7", "input": "Question: Do asthmatic bronchial fibroblasts demonstrate enhanced potential to differentiate into myofibroblasts in culture?\nAnswer: It is concluded that asthmatic HBFs cultured in vitro display some inherent features which facilitate their differentiation into myofibroblasts. These data indicate that increased reactivity of asthmatic fibroblasts to TGF-beta may play a crucial role in asthma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-40baf35603794c5bac216c472a96d102", "input": "Question: Is severe affective and behavioral dysregulation in youth associated with increased serum TSH?\nAnswer: This is the first study to demonstrate associations between CBCL-DP and subclinical hypothyroidism. Future research should address the long-term outcome of CBCL-DP with coexisting hypothyroidism, the potential benefits of supplementation with thyroid hormone, and the association between severe dysregulation and the bipolar spectrum.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dba16f97b56d4f30b50c74df26dc2313", "input": "Question: Do a prospective study of the diagnostic utility of sputum Gram stain in pneumonia?\nAnswer: Sputum Gram stain is a dependable diagnostic test for the early etiological diagnosis of bacterial CAP that helps in choosing orthological and appropriate initial antimicrobial therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d302f88269542f1b8646c889355edb1", "input": "Question: Does submandibular TCD approach detect post-bulb ICA stenosis in children with sickle cell anemia?\nAnswer: The submandibular approach, when added to a standard transcranial Doppler examination, may increase the sensitivity of this technique to identify important potential sources of cerebral infarction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-542f48ce2e6445ae81f5445ad903c92e", "input": "Question: Are ultrasound characteristics of breast fibroadenomas related to clinical and histological parameters?\nAnswer: Histological type, tumor size and patient age significantly influence ultrasound characteristics of breast FA. This might be helpful to consider when breast lesions are classified and decisions for biopsies are made.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-126bf7b8ec7a4f6ca5a01e5558d543d3", "input": "Question: Do the overlap syndrome of depression and delirium in older hospitalized patients?\nAnswer: The overlap syndrome of depression and delirium is associated with significant risk of functional decline, institutionalization, and death. Efforts to identify, prevent, and treat this condition may reduce the risk of adverse outcomes in older hospitalized patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ceb34bab36784b5b92a20422eb2b240a", "input": "Question: Does new model for end stage liver disease improve prognostic capability after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt?\nAnswer: MELDNa performed better than MELD in predicting death or transplant after non-emergent TIPS, especially in patients with low MELD scores. A MELD score 500 kU/l were probably often false positive. Patients who were diagnosed as penicillin allergic before 2006 solely on the basis of a positive CAP FEIA test for specific IgE should be considered for diagnostic reevaluation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94bd7764ba974e669e2c89e005389299", "input": "Question: Do concurrent growth rate and transcript analyses reveal essential gene stringency in Escherichia coli?\nAnswer: RNA silencing can reveal stringent requirements for gene expression with respect to growth. This method may be used to validate existing essential genes and to quantify drug target requirement.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b36d6ab0a354ad8ab40ec19cc46967f", "input": "Question: Is bacterial antigen expression an important component in inducing an immune response to orally administered Salmonella-delivered DNA vaccines?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that prokaryotic expression of the antigen and co-delivery of this protein by Salmonella are at least partially responsible for the successful oral delivery of C-fragment DNA vaccines containing the CMV promoter by S. typhimurium.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3694387b829a4c1bbb3fc9d25cf0f4ff", "input": "Question: Does physical training in patients on hemodialysis have a beneficial effect on the levels of eicosanoid hormone-like substances?\nAnswer: The data indicate that exercise training during HD exerts a beneficial effect on the levels of the vasoactive eicosanoid hormone-like substances in patients on HD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a04a104fadd4258aa6b20167d6ef681", "input": "Question: Do single-copy nuclear genes resolve the phylogeny of the holometabolous insects?\nAnswer: These findings provide the most complete evolutionary framework for future comparative studies on holometabolous model organisms and contribute strong evidence for the resolution of the 'Strepsiptera problem', a long-standing and hotly debated issue in insect phylogenetics.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-32a5edf2b9de4c8a9070b6e3ba483217", "input": "Question: Do endogenous TasiRNAs mediate non-cell autonomous effects on gene regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana?\nAnswer: Endogenous tasiRNAs are thus mediators of a mobile developmental signal and might provide effective gene silencing at a distance beyond the reach of most miRNAs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7ea4ae63002e471d849c9a0e1625be15", "input": "Question: Is a thymic stromal lymphopoietin gene variant associated with asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness?\nAnswer: A genetic variant in the region of the thymic stromal lymphopoietin gene is associated with the phenotypes of asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a0b45b3ee9db4c138fe37c671f2a54bd", "input": "Question: Does eosinophil-derived IFN-gamma induce airway hyperresponsiveness and lung inflammation in the absence of lymphocytes?\nAnswer: These results support the important and previously unsuspected contribution of eosinophils to lung inflammation independently of lymphocytes through production of IFN-gamma, the prototypical T(H)1 cytokine.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-348442c97ebd4c9fbbb0cf01a1e63452", "input": "Question: Does diffusion-tensor imaging implicate prefrontal axonal injury in executive function impairment following very mild traumatic brain injury?\nAnswer: Impaired executive function following mTBI is associated with axonal injury involving the DLPFC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-07aa7bc05ac94d3a8ac1c167de6aef2c", "input": "Question: Are blood serum immunoglobulins of patients with multiple myeloma capable of hydrolysing histone H1?\nAnswer: We demonstrated the existence of previously unknown histone H1 hydrolyzing IgG abzymes in the serum of multiple myeloma patients. Possible biological role of hisH1-hydrolyzing antibodies in patients with multiple myeloma was discussed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b100a5cdf49f42f09965aeab8860f74e", "input": "Question: Does mitral regurgitation reduce systemic coagulation activity in patients with rheumatic heart disease?\nAnswer: Plasma D-dimer levels correlated with the embolic risk in mitral valve disease and non-valvular AF. The highest levels were found in patients with MS+AF and non-valvular AF. Severe MR decreased the D-dimer levels in MS and/or AF to control levels.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-37ec1c3732f54c7aae0e8b5e632ba0bd", "input": "Question: Does light and moderate alcohol consumption significantly reduce the prevalence of fatty liver in the Japanese male population?\nAnswer: The prevalence of FL was significantly and independently decreased by light and moderate alcohol consumption in men of an asymptomatic Japanese population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-88bbfb78f71c4ff59375f7a58b5bc7c0", "input": "Question: Do the long-term effects of modified electrode surfaces and intracochlear corticosteroids on postoperative impedances in cochlear implant patients?\nAnswer: Although the differences between control and steroid-treated groups decrease with time, single intraoperative intracochlear steroid deposition was proven to lower postoperative impedances during first 3 to 4 years after implantation probably because of reduction of fibrous tissue growth.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-22a59b1b19da4e0ab9b34b0d0d526cf7", "input": "Question: Does hIV Nef protein cause endothelial dysfunction in porcine pulmonary arteries and human pulmonary artery endothelial cells?\nAnswer: HIV Nef protein significantly decreases endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in porcine pulmonary arteries. It also reduces eNOS expression and induces oxidative stress in both porcine pulmonary arteries and HPAECs. This study demonstrates a new mechanism of HIV Nef, which causes endothelial dysfunction and may contribute to the human pulmonary artery disease in HIV-infected patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-24a6517c6da04b8e864490e22f8c3485", "input": "Question: Does pharmacological preconditioning using intraportal infusion of L-arginine protect against hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury?\nAnswer: Pharmacological preconditioning with intraportal L-arginine provided protection against hepatic I/RI in early phases of the reperfusion period. The mechanisms underlying the protective effect may include preservation of the mitochondrial structure and inhibition of caspase-3 activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-80581319407448a593b739fc58f140fe", "input": "Question: Is occult HBV infection in hemodialysis setting marked by presence of isolated antibodies to HBcAg and HCV?\nAnswer: Occult HBV infection is frequent among hemodialysis patients in our geographical area, particularly correlated to the presence of isolated anti-HBcAg and anti-HCV antibodies. Thus, the presence of isolated anti-HBcAg should prompt the clinician to evaluate a possible occult HBV infection especially if anti-HCV antibodies are also detectable; this condition, in fact, seems to strongly predict the detection of HBV DNA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-045c1458978c44b3b60b852d43077e89", "input": "Question: Is fractional urinary excretion of IgG the most powerful predictor of renoprotection by ACE inhibitors in IgA nephropathy?\nAnswer: Renoprotection by ACEi is a multifactorial phenomenon: the best predictor of renoprotection is FEIgG, a marker of disruption of glomerular barrier to proteins; renoprotection depends not only on ability to reduce proteinuria, but probably also on antiinflammatory and antifibrotic activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed6dcc83437c4ef482b151cafbba6929", "input": "Question: Does bMP-7 counteract TGF-beta1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells?\nAnswer: These data suggest that BMP-7 attenuates progressive loss of kidney function and renal fibrosis through counteracting TGF-beta1-mediated EMT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b5786a3346dc48c68653645ebf72bc5d", "input": "Question: Does notch2 signaling promote biliary epithelial cell fate specification and tubulogenesis during bile duct development in mice?\nAnswer: Notch2 signaling regulates BEC differentiation, the induction of tubulogenesis during IHBD development, and BEC survival.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a88f84d35124f8db470ca5e945c823b", "input": "Question: Are cardiac repolarization and striatal dopamine transporter function interrelated?\nAnswer: This study suggests significant physiological QTc-DAT relation in young healthy adults. QTc interval measurements might carry diagnostically important information in clinical conditions, which have an effect on both striatal DAT binding and cardiac sympathetic function.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-50587b1af670481294b33f4948d54752", "input": "Question: Does mild hyponatremia carry a poor prognosis in community subjects?\nAnswer: Hyponatremia is an independent predictor of deaths and myocardial infarction in middle-aged and elderly community subjects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc946bef54504f06ad9ec8c0e45c33e6", "input": "Question: Do elevated serum uric acid concentrations independently predict cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetic patients?\nAnswer: Higher serum uric acid levels are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetic patients, independent of several potential confounders, including renal function measures.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3a6ec683b1874aed89237cee73e36540", "input": "Question: Does depression increase risk of incident myocardial infarction among Veterans Administration patients with rheumatoid arthritis?\nAnswer: Depressed RA patients, without a history of cardiovascular disease, are 40% more likely to have a heart attack as compared to those without depression. These data demonstrate a rapid (within 6 years) transition to MI following onset of depression in RA patients. Increased monitoring of depression and heart disease status in this patient population may be warranted which in turn may result in longer duration of life.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d930b2230144b4abd30b9648c4b1acb", "input": "Question: Is a comprehensive geriatric assessment more effective than clinical judgment to identify elderly diffuse large cell lymphoma patients who benefit from aggressive therapy?\nAnswer: CGA is an efficient method to identify elderly DLCL patients who can benefit from a curative approach with anthracycline-containing immunochemotherapy. Further study is needed to discern why unfit patients seem to have poor outcomes because of poor tolerance but also because of lymphoma refractoriness to intensive therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb7269ab1aed43cdaaef3d6097b10f68", "input": "Question: Are intensive peri-operative use of factor VIII and the Arg593 -- > Cys mutation risk factors for inhibitor development in mild/moderate hemophilia A?\nAnswer: The Arg593Cys genotype and intensive peri-operative use of FVIII, especially when administered by continuous infusion, are associated with an increased risk for inhibitor development in mild/moderate hemophilia A.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6a7de0da8b1d485aa649182e089aeeb6", "input": "Question: Does differential stimulation of monocytic cells result in distinct populations of microparticles?\nAnswer: We found that the properties of MPs depend on the stimulus that produced them. This supports the concept that monocytic MPs differentially modulate thrombosis, inflammation and immune regulation according to stimulus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c499410121334a27858efe95e804d577", "input": "Question: Do dopamine transporters in striatum correlate with deactivation in the default mode network during visuospatial attention?\nAnswer: These findings provide evidence that dopamine transporters modulate neural activity in the DMN and anterior cingulate gyrus during visuospatial attention. Our findings suggest that dopamine modulates attention in part by regulating neuronal activity in posterior parietal cortex including precuneus (region involved in alertness) and cingulate gyrus (region deactivated in proportion to emotional interference). These findings suggest that the beneficial effects of stimulant medications (increase dopamine by blocking DAT) in inattention reflect in part their ability to facilitate the deactivation of the DMN.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a090466da8e4612a997f4b574f8de6c", "input": "Question: Does head and neck cooling after cardiac arrest result in lower jugular bulb than esophageal temperature?\nAnswer: During the initial phase of therapeutic hypothermia, Tjb seems to be lower than Tes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ae89b5b4bc24977a87aefd681db2f48", "input": "Question: Does prolonged TASER use on exhausted humans worsen markers of acidosis?\nAnswer: Prolonged CEW application on exhausted humans was not associated with worsening change in pH or troponin. Decreases in pCO2 and potassium and a small increase in lactate were found. Worsening acidosis theories due to CEW use in this population are not supported by these data.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f715d940854a4d379db40cf82df756ab", "input": "Question: Is insulin granule recruitment and exocytosis dependent on p110gamma in insulinoma and human beta-cells?\nAnswer: The G-protein-coupled PI3Kgamma is an important determinant of secretory granule trafficking to the plasma membrane, at least in part through the negative regulation of cortical F-actin. Thus, p110gamma activity plays an important role in maintaining a membrane-docked, readily releasable pool of secretory granules in insulinoma and human beta-cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6540a3731d5646759accdcaecdad9c1a", "input": "Question: Is elevated plasma apolipoprotein AV in acute coronary syndrome positively correlated with triglyceride and C-reactive protein?\nAnswer: The plasma apoAV concentration is increased and positively correlates with TG and CRP in ACS patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-109615e8a9b04dfeaa49aee96bd941fb", "input": "Question: Does expression of p-AKT characterize adenoid cystic carcinomas of head and neck with a higher risk for tumor relapses?\nAnswer: Adenoid cystic carcinomas positive for p-AKT show a higher relapse risk. However, other parameters of glucose metabolism investigated here or proliferation (Ki67) were not predictive in this entity. Our findings demonstrate a possible background for therapeutic approaches targeting the inhibition of PI3K/AKT pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca8d7c843abd409dbc6ba653c72fb1f9", "input": "Question: Is human rights of persons with mental illness in Indonesia : more than legislation needed?\nAnswer: More than legislation is needed to protect the human rights of persons with mental illness. Improving the human rights situation for persons with mental illness in Indonesia will require action by governments at national, provincial and district levels, substantial increases in the level of investment in mental health services, coordinated action by mental health professionals and consumer and career organisations, and a central role for the National Human Rights Commission in protecting the rights of persons with mental illness.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d4fd8adb585423091bf80901b15b9bb", "input": "Question: Is a disintegrin and metalloprotease 12 ( ADAM12 ) a prognostic factor in resected pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: ADAM12-L mRNA expression is an independent prognostic factor in resected p-stage I lung adenocarcinoma, and is significantly correlated with tumor differentiation stage and postoperative cancer recurrence.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-93bdaa4cb220442b95da98262263f383", "input": "Question: Are protein Z Plasma Levels Elevated in Patients with Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy?\nAnswer: In our study, protein Z levels are not implicated in the pathogenesis of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (N-AION).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e3a912483d142a98a80bfc9a35630c2", "input": "Question: Does negative fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging identify acute ischemic stroke at 3 hours or less?\nAnswer: \"mismatch\" between positive DWI and negative FLAIR allows the identification of patients that are highly likely to be within the 3-hour time window. Within the first 6 hours of stroke, the sensitivity of FLAIR sequences for acute ischemic lesions increases with time from symptom onset elapsing, approximating 100% after 3 to 6 hours.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2a6271daf2ae47efaa81e2dac21be037", "input": "Question: Do myeloid derived suppressor cells inhibit natural killer cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma via the NKp30 receptor?\nAnswer: Our study suggests a new role for MDSCs in patients with HCC in disarming the innate immune system and further contributing to the immune suppressor network in these patients. These findings have important implications when designing immunotherapy protocols.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-98a4c2e1c7444090b154235fedd454a5", "input": "Question: Are plasma oxidized lipoprotein ( a ) and its immune complexes present in newborns and children?\nAnswer: The fact that ox-Lp(a) and Lp(a)-IC are present in newborns and children suggests that oxidized lipoproteins play an initiating role in atherosclerotic process.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-906e682461644409aad8ac9ed5c3b7f2", "input": "Question: Is increased serum HMGB1 related to the severity of coronary artery stenosis?\nAnswer: Serum HMGB1 level was markedly increased with the severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with SAP and USAP, especially in SAP patients, which suggested that increased serum HMGB1 may involve in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic CAD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-536bb95529824711902abd677c1d2d15", "input": "Question: Is tNFalpha promoter polymorphism a risk factor for susceptibility in hepatocellular carcinoma in Korean population?\nAnswer: Our data imply that TNFalpha G-238A and C-857T, not C-863A, polymorphisms may confer different susceptibilities to the development of HCC with TNFalpha -238A and -857T alleles playing as risk factors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce0d49dc1b0544c9ac436e11b05a13fc", "input": "Question: Does dietary supplement with a combination of Rhodiola crenulata and Ginkgo biloba enhance the endurance performance in healthy volunteers?\nAnswer: The combined herbal supplement of Rhodiola and Gingko could improve the endurance performance by increasing oxygen consumption and protecting against fatigue.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4073cb4deccc44738bd0f369b9c6b011", "input": "Question: Are [ Parathyroid glands differentiated from lymph node by activated-carbon particles ]?\nAnswer: Lymph node of VI group can be stained black by activated carbon particles, and parathyroid gland cannot be stained black. Maybe, parathyroid gland can be preserved by removing the black stain lymph node and retaining the non-black stained tissue.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bbd4b673bdd94c38ae47931d65ac6c21", "input": "Question: Is the response to bronchodilators in adults predictive of bronchial-hyperreactivity?\nAnswer: In adults with suspected asthma who have normal spirometry, the response to BD cannot be used to predict BHR.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3cf7a54268134cd1ad12b733d262801d", "input": "Question: Is synovial fluid level of aggrecan ARGS fragments a more sensitive marker of joint disease than glycosaminoglycan or aggrecan levels : a cross-sectional study?\nAnswer: Levels of aggrecan ARGS fragments in human synovial fluid are increased in human arthritis, OA and after knee injury, likely reflecting an enhanced cleavage at the 392Glu-393Ala bond in the IGD by aggrecanase. An assay that specifically quantified these fragments better distinguished samples from joints with pathology than assays monitoring aggrecan or glycosaminoglycan concentrations. The newly developed ARGS fragment assay can be used to monitor aggrecanase activity in human joint disease and experimental models.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6318f50e845f421f99cb1112486bca12", "input": "Question: Does follicle curetting at the time of oocyte retrieval increase the oocyte yield?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated that follicle curetting significantly increased oocyte yield. While it did not increase live birth rates, this increase in oocyte yield should lead to increased numbers of embryos for selection at transfer and increased embryos for cryopreservation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9684717508f42b887bb95379d79af8f", "input": "Question: Does aggregated LDL in contact with macrophages induce local increases in free cholesterol levels that regulate local actin polymerization?\nAnswer: We describe a novel process that occurs during agLDL-macrophage interactions in which local release of free cholesterol causes local actin polymerization, promoting a pathological positive feedback loop for increased catabolism of agLDL and eventual foam cell formation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a5cfccd34774916b1288ad8d4373e3e", "input": "Question: Do hFE mutations modulate the effect of iron on serum hepcidin-25 in chronic hemodialysis patients?\nAnswer: Serum hepcidin-25 is increased in hemodialysis patients, regulated by iron stores and inflammation, and relatively reduced in subjects carrying frequent HFE mutations. Hepcidin-25 may contribute to the pathogenesis of anemia by decreasing iron availability.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f53a0464fa9e44038059d4817e88f16b", "input": "Question: Are polymorphisms in cell death pathway genes associated with altered sperm apoptosis and poor semen quality?\nAnswer: This study showed for the first time that functional variants of FAS and CASP8 might contribute to the dysfunctional apoptotic mechanism in germ cells, which could result in poor semen quality of ejaculated sperm.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2dea553491c143c1aa12bdd68e733fa9", "input": "Question: Does developmental changes in spatial distribution of in vivo fluorescence and epidermal UV absorbance over Quercus petraea leave?\nAnswer: The spatial pattern of epidermal UV-screen over the area of oak leaves is related to leaf anatomy during development. In vivo spectroscopy and fluorescence imaging of the leaf surface showed the distribution of pigments within the leaf and hence can provide a tool to monitor optically the leaf development in nature.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fad53e91806740ec8b305dd7f98a702c", "input": "Question: Do low-abundance HIV drug-resistant viral variants in treatment-experienced persons correlate with historical antiretroviral use?\nAnswer: Low-abundance HIV drug-resistant mutations in antiretroviral-experienced subjects at time of virologic failure can increase a subject's overall burden of resistance, yet commonly go unrecognized by conventional genotyping. The majority of unrecognized resistant mutations correlate with historical antiretroviral use. Ultra-deep sequencing can provide important historical resistance information for clinicians when planning subsequent antiretroviral regimens for highly treatment-experienced patients, particularly when their prior treatment histories and longitudinal genotypes are not available.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dec235531208444992e8c8c46c760a9e", "input": "Question: Do therapeutic efficacy of voriconazole against a fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans isolate in a vaginal model?\nAnswer: Voriconazole could emerge as a new alternative for treatment of vaginal candidosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a71052c57d72480a92ec567ac1bbc42d", "input": "Question: Does blockade of advanced glycation end product formation attenuate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats?\nAnswer: These findings suggest AGE formation may participate in the process of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and blockade of AGE formation by AG treatment attenuates BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats, which is implicated in inhibition of HSP47 expression and TGFbeta/Smads signaling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-86ce9c58c81a4bf0b38fac8a7c023a01", "input": "Question: Does transcriptional profiling in response to terminal drought stress reveal differential responses along the wheat genome?\nAnswer: Bread and durum wheat genotypes were characterized by a different physiological reaction to water stress and by a substantially different molecular response. The genome organization accounted for differences in the expression level of hundreds of genes located on the D genome or controlled by regulators located on the D genome. When a genomic stress (deletion of a chromosomal region) was combined with low water availability, a molecular response based on the activation of transposons and retrotransposons was observed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f9d7c34f9d10427da7e26e8d7a8e5957", "input": "Question: Does brain classification reveal the right cerebellum as the best biomarker of dyslexia?\nAnswer: These results provide evidence for the existence of various subtypes of dyslexia characterized by different brain phenotypes. In addition, behavioural analyses suggest that these brain phenotypes relate to different deficits of automatization of language-based processes such as grapheme/phoneme correspondence and/or rapid access to lexicon entries.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-16e54e29177f4be4b4a28d3c7824f7a1", "input": "Question: Is increased frequency and compromised function of T regulatory cells in systemic sclerosis ( SSc ) related to a diminished CD69 and TGFbeta expression?\nAnswer: These results indicate that soluble factors in SSc plasma inhibit Treg function specifically that is associated with altered Treg CD69 and TGFbeta expression. These data suggest that a defective Treg function may underlie the immune dysfunction in systemic sclerosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fcdcfae18c114fc996eb5322dc9252a2", "input": "Question: Does dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity predict responsiveness to cognitive-behavioral therapy in schizophrenia?\nAnswer: DLPFC activity and its connectivity with the cerebellum predict responsiveness to CBT for psychosis in schizophrenia. These effects may be mediated by PFC-cerebellum contributions to executive processing.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-015706f9ac074fad8fd43d0d2ddb7cc0", "input": "Question: Is childhood sexual abuse associated with reduced gray matter volume in visual cortex of young women?\nAnswer: Early visual experience exerts a strong influence on the developing mammalian visual cortex. Present findings indicate that exposure to CSA may also affect the development of this region and are apparent even in a population of subjects who are sufficiently healthy to matriculate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9bf7d4ae16c145fd971da4ea1f475961", "input": "Question: Does ventral striatal activation during reward anticipation correlate with impulsivity in alcoholics?\nAnswer: This study suggests that reduced ventral striatal recruitment during anticipation of conventional rewards in alcoholics may be related to their increased impulsivity and indicate possibilities for enhanced treatment approaches in alcohol dependence.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-10708a5a78e540f3af1f42c8114558c2", "input": "Question: Do antigen-presenting cells represent targets for R5 HIV-1 infection in the first trimester pregnancy uterine mucosa?\nAnswer: The presence of HIV-1 target cells in the decidua in vitro and the low rate of in utero mother-to-child transmission during the first trimester of pregnancy suggest that a natural control occurs in vivo limiting cell-to-cell infection of the placenta and consequently infection of the fetus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c497317b30954bee9c8cfcc5228e995f", "input": "Question: Does duffy antigen expression on reticulocytes alter following blood loss in an autologous donation model?\nAnswer: Baseline expression of Fy antigen on mature red blood cells and reticulocytes is quite variable between individuals, but appears not to be greatly affected by mild to moderate reticulocytosis following blood loss in an autologous blood donation model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-801516ee78fc4aabb5fd7b416f5b457c", "input": "Question: Does silibinin prevent amyloid beta peptide-induced memory impairment and oxidative stress in mice?\nAnswer: Silibinin prevents memory impairment and oxidative damage induced by Abeta(25-35) and may be a potential therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d31c63e1f89e4caaa69c541fb512ddc9", "input": "Question: Do magnetic resonance investigations in Brugada syndrome reveal unexpectedly high rate of structural abnormalities?\nAnswer: CMRI detects a high prevalence of mild structural changes of the RV, and suggests further pathophysiological complexity in BrS. Prospective studies to assess the long-term evolution of such abnormalities are warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c00d70a307d8413a953e72bc1b8c05c7", "input": "Question: Does serotonin enhance platelet procoagulant properties and their activation induced during platelet tissue factor uptake?\nAnswer: Serotonin enhances the interaction of platelets with TF-MVs, increases platelet activation, and potentiates their overall procoagulant activity. The present results could have significant implications in thrombus formation and in the thrombogenic profile of pathological situations with increased cardiovascular risk.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac7b382907ce4df1b49faac0a40ec5ce", "input": "Question: Is cytoglobin upregulated by tumour hypoxia and silenced by promoter hypermethylation in head and neck cancer?\nAnswer: We conclude that the CYGB gene is regulated by both promoter methylation and tumour hypoxia in HNSCC and that increased expression of this gene correlates with clincopathological measures of a tumour's biological aggression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb0e1fce14194f8788cef2e688302412", "input": "Question: Do longitudinal changes of serum COMP and urinary CTX-II predict X-ray defined knee osteoarthritis severity and stiffness in women?\nAnswer: Multiple, biennial measures of COMP or CTX-II taken over a 10-year period were predictive of subsequent OAK and knee stiffness.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-271ed3dbeb6049ed8439a2def69c17b5", "input": "Question: Does pluronic L-81 ameliorate diabetic symptoms in db/db mice through transcriptional regulation of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein?\nAnswer: L-81 represents a promising candidate in the development of a selective insulin-mimetic molecule and an anti-diabetic agent.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e224c7a3e352432ebe00a9970c4badce", "input": "Question: Is serum REG4 level a predictive biomarker for the response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer?\nAnswer: These data demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that REG4 protein overexpression was associated with an unfavorable response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy. REG4 can clinically be used as a predictive biomarker.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-58bf5c5089f34b459ea95ecb9dae7893", "input": "Question: Does protocol for management of imported pediatric malaria decrease time to medication administration?\nAnswer: After broad-based implementation of a malaria treatment protocol in a pediatric hospital, children received more thorough investigations, were more likely to receive therapy before leaving the ED and had a shorter delay before receiving appropriate antimalarial therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d9c855d11e44c6fa52f2d8574f3f0d8", "input": "Question: Does concordance of family and staff member report about end of life in assisted living and nursing homes?\nAnswer: Family and staff perspectives about end-of-life experiences may differ substantially; efforts can be made to improve family-staff communication and interaction for joint decision making.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fbbd2687c78549aeb3187873de32c9a5", "input": "Question: Are clinical Neonatal Seizures Independently Associated with Outcome in Infants at Risk for Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury?\nAnswer: Clinical neonatal seizures in the setting of birth asphyxia are associated with worse neurodevelopmental outcome, independent of the severity of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Randomized controlled trials are needed to determine whether differences in seizure treatment can improve outcome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1bc9005b277c47469118c92e7cca4563", "input": "Question: Is plasma angiopoietin-like protein 3 ( ANGPTL3 ) concentration associated with uremic dyslipidemia?\nAnswer: The reduced ANGPTL3 level in hemodialysis patients was consistently associated with the major components of uremic dyslipidemia. ANGPTL3 may be a novel factor contributing to uremic dyslipidemia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-959437a91363455e830ec31edaa960a3", "input": "Question: Does site of positive surgical margins influence biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy?\nAnswer: About half of the men with PSMs in the RP surgical specimen in our prospective series did not develop BCR. The risk of BCR was dependent on the site and not the number of PSMs. Adjuvant therapy should be considered in cases with anterior and basilar PSMs due to the very high risk of BCR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e7785242f1b4ff2960380c1eda79128", "input": "Question: Does the aggressiveness of urinary tract urothelial carcinoma increase with the severity of chronic kidney disease?\nAnswer: The aggressiveness of UT-UC increased with the severity of CKD, and this might have important clinical consequences.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7647a5269df147c598391a3aa80f9673", "input": "Question: Do removable dentures with implant support in strategic positions followed for up to 8 years?\nAnswer: The placement of a few implants allows for maintaining a compromised residual dentition for support of RPDs. The combination of root and implant support facilitates treatment planning and enhances designing the removable denture. It also proves to be a practical rescue method. Technical problems with the anchorage system were frequent, particularly in the first year after delivery of the dentures.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-80465d3f7397437493a0d24c8cff2480", "input": "Question: Is elevated plasma calcifediol associated with aggressive periodontitis?\nAnswer: Plasma calcifediol levels might be associated with periodontal inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea3a622de51d44cea43622b430590607", "input": "Question: Do advanced glycation end products inhibit the expression of collagens type I and III by human gingival fibroblasts?\nAnswer: AGEs may suppress the cell viability of HGFs and downregulate the expression of types I and III collagen by the cells. Further investigations are warranted to clarify the molecular mechanisms of AGEs in the regulation of cell function and collagen metabolism in patients with diabetes and periodontitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0954c033bfee40a098825b516752df7b", "input": "Question: Does multiplanar reconstruction of three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography improve the presurgical assessment of mitral prolapse?\nAnswer: Interpretation of 3D transthoracic echocardiographic images with MPR improved the accuracy of the description of the MVP compared with 2D interpretation. This added value of 3D MPR was most important in extensive and/or commissural prolapse.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-05820d82f2574a249bdaf3fd5e35bbee", "input": "Question: Do flavonoids from Inula britannica L. inhibit injury-induced neointimal formation by suppressing oxidative-stress generation?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that TFE inhibit the neointimal hyperplasia after balloon injury, at least partly, by suppressing oxidative-stress generation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2c09afcde0104e12b783e05a8e6d6702", "input": "Question: Does ghrelin hyporesponsiveness contribute to age-related hyperinflammation in septic shock?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that the reduced central (brain) responsiveness to ghrelin due to the decreased GH, plays a major role in producing the hyperinflammatory state, resulting in severe organ injuries and high mortality after endotoxemia in aged animals. Ghrelin and GH can be developed as a novel therapy for sepsis in the geriatric population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-31f54566a8bd46faa3aad177a0af682b", "input": "Question: Does it 's all about recognition ! Qualitative study of the value of interpersonal continuity in general practice?\nAnswer: It was not valuable to have a continuous relationship unless the GP recognized the patient. The social psychological concept of recognition had two different meanings and the GP had to do both, respect and remember the patient, in order to create and sustain the trustful relationship. The added value of interpersonal continuity had to be combined with recognition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4751b854a83d4463877faa5c57d0a931", "input": "Question: Are rodent-specific alternative exons more frequent in rapidly evolving genes and in paralogs?\nAnswer: Thus we demonstrated that recently gained exons tend to occur in fast-evolving genes, and their inclusion rate tends to be lower than that of older exons. This agrees with the theory that gain of alternative exons is one of the major mechanisms of gene evolution.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-10cbdfd27d4e4b4c916bc7e2d0e241d4", "input": "Question: Does common sequence variation in the VEGFA gene predict risk of diabetic retinopathy?\nAnswer: Sequence variation in the VEGFA gene is associated with risk of developing blinding DR in T1DM and T2DM. Identifying specific genetic markers will allow for refined screening algorithms and earlier intervention in patients at highest risk.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a281d3c88d4d4cb983be9b9f4b38df71", "input": "Question: Does prior exercise lower blood pressure during simulated night-work with different meal schedules?\nAnswer: These data indicate that prior exercise lowers BP throughout a subsequent 8-h night-shift in healthy individuals within the normotensive range. Therefore, regular low-intensity exercise might moderate the well-known association between shift-work participation and raised BP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a720e30696d42ec863bebc91cd67dcb", "input": "Question: Do cpG oligonucleotides activate the immune response in burned mice?\nAnswer: The reduction of class II antigen expression and synthesis of cytokines (interleukin-12, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1) by splenic macrophages after burn injury was partially reversed by oligodeoxynucleotide treatment. Therefore, immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides may be a potential treatment for post-burn immunosuppression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b05ff85d09aa47d39ea72082f9fce33e", "input": "Question: Does minimally invasive aortic valve replacement reduce atelectasis in cardiac intensive care?\nAnswer: Patients who had mini AVR had a significantly lower incidence of LLLA in the cardiac ICU than patients who had AVR through a full sternotomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4ea0cf0ad1934c2092b092e0e135565d", "input": "Question: Are there age-related changes in neural connectivity during the encoding of positive , but not negative , information?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that older adults' \"positivity effect\" may arise from age-related changes in the interactions between affect-processing regions and the hippocampus during the encoding of positive information.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1999a4efbef4893ae8fb6a5bb35c13a", "input": "Question: Does resistance exercise training improve heart function and physical fitness in stable patients with heart failure?\nAnswer: A short-term structured isotonic ST program appears to improve selected measures of resting LV function and fitness in patients with mild congestive heart failure. Additional studies utilizing larger numbers of subjects, including women, are needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd84553e0ad34078866d06b3564fb41e", "input": "Question: Does slower infusion of metoclopramide decrease the rate of akathisia?\nAnswer: Slower infusion of metoclopramide reduces the incidence of akathisia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cd9f7972d2b1459daf7d8d05d0830239", "input": "Question: Does shortening of cardiopulmonary resuscitation time before the defibrillation worsen the outcome in out-of-hospital VF patients?\nAnswer: In patients with out-of-hospital-witnessed VF, sufficient CPR before the first defibrillation is considered to improve the neurologic outcome in comparison to the performance of immediate defibrillation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-141b55dba061490f84020a860efb7ce7", "input": "Question: Does duration of treadmill exercise testing combined with QRS score predict adverse cardiac outcome at long-term follow-up?\nAnswer: This study shows that a new index termed the M score, which incorporates QRS score and exercise duration, predicts mortality and occurrence of myocardial infarction at long-term follow-up of high-risk individuals, independently of TET-induced ST-segment changes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f0efdfd06354c20a5fd38d5461e8a39", "input": "Question: Does resistance training reduce the blood pressure response of older men during submaximum aerobic exercise?\nAnswer: Sixteen weeks of RT significantly reduces the blood pressure response and improves the cardiovascular function of older men during submaximum aerobic exercise. Therefore, RT not only increases muscular strength and hypertrophy but also provides significant cardiovascular benefits for older individuals.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8be01b617f0a41aab4ee5b70a1fe4189", "input": "Question: Is expression of heat shock protein 60 kDa upregulated in cervical cancer?\nAnswer: These results suggest that HSP60 may be involved in the development of cervical cancer and have profound biological and prognostic significance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c8783a1f754f4d9ca15687c8f8b8e57e", "input": "Question: Does choline supplementation reduce oxidative stress in mouse model of allergic airway disease?\nAnswer: Choline administration reduces oxidative stress possibly by modulating the redox status of the cell and inhibits inflammatory response in a mouse model.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-726df5df6e794f6db6c45ead8d9a0871", "input": "Question: Does apolipoprotein E-dependent accumulation of Alzheimer disease-related lesions begin in middle age?\nAnswer: The brain changes associated with AD may already begin developing early in middle age, especially among APOE epsilon 4 carriers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0cc69bc05fcd43f79a1537ba101178e5", "input": "Question: Do anterior cingulate cortical volumes and treatment remission of geriatric depression?\nAnswer: Structural abnormalities of the dorsal and rostral anterior cingulate may perpetuate late-life depression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-42f829cba8f641cdb1eba5ebf3a8640e", "input": "Question: Does coordination of opposing sex-specific and core muscle groups regulate male tail posture during Caenorhabditis elegans male mating behavior?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrated that coordination of opposing sex-specific and core muscle groups, through the activity of multiple neurotransmitters, is required for regulation of male tail posture during mating. We have provided a simple model for regulation of male tail posture that provides a foundation for studies of how genes, molecular pathways, and neural circuits contribute to sensory regulation of this motor behavior.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a5440e501c0b455a8fcceabfbd65e833", "input": "Question: Does bilobalide modulate serotonin-controlled behaviors in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans?\nAnswer: These results suggest that bilobalide may modulate specific 5-HT receptor subtypes, which involves interplay with dopamine transmission. Additional studies for the function of bilobalide in neurotransmitter systems could aid in our understanding of its neuroprotective properties.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d851bf0ffa946ed81bdc0996109e5d5", "input": "Question: Does atrial natriuretic peptide suppress endothelin gene expression and proliferation in cardiac fibroblasts through a GATA4-dependent mechanism?\nAnswer: Collectively, these findings suggest that locally produced ET-1 serves as an autocrine stimulator of fibroblast proliferation, that ANP produced in neighbouring myocytes serves as a paracrine inhibitor of this proliferation, and that the latter effect operates through a reduction in GATA4 phosphorylation and coincident reduction in GATA4-dependent transcriptional activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ad891910a724873bfd313a13dee38d6", "input": "Question: Is low catalase activity in blood associated with the diabetes caused by alloxan?\nAnswer: These results indicate that low catalase activity in the blood is associated with the diabetes mellitus caused by alloxan administration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3da4a72a74934dfea02b3645065f99be", "input": "Question: Do physico-chemical characteristics of lipoplexes influence cell uptake mechanisms and transfection efficacy?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that, in addition to endocytosis, lipoplexes may enter cell via a temperature-independent mechanism, which could be mediated by lipid mixing. Such characteristics might arise from the specific lipoplex ultrastructure and should be taken into consideration when developing lipoplexes designed for in vivo or ex vivo nucleic acid transfer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b66d228e0cea44ffad59fbf022c9835f", "input": "Question: Do human intestinal epithelial cells promote the differentiation of tolerogenic dendritic cells?\nAnswer: A population of tolerogenic CD103+ DCs was identified in the human gut that probably differentiate in response to IEC-derived factors and drive T(reg) cell development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8c49b2a32d3e485bbf92fabf84537a81", "input": "Question: Does porphyromonas gingivalis decrease osteoblast proliferation through IL-6-RANKL/OPG and MMP-9/TIMPs pathways?\nAnswer: Overall, the results suggest that direct contact of P gingivalis with osteoblasts induces bone resorption through an inflammatory pathway that involves IL-6, RANKL/OPG, and MMP-9/TIMPs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d562be9b07004dcda47d9bc7bf04826c", "input": "Question: Does qualitative analysis of high-resolution CT scan in severe asthma?\nAnswer: HRCT scan abnormalities are common in patients with severe asthma. Nonradiologic assessments fail to reliably predict important bronchial wall changes; therefore, CT scan acquisition may be required in all patients with severe asthma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d888aac35134496582886d087dccf551", "input": "Question: Does static magnetic field attenuate mortality rate of mice by increasing the production of IL-1 receptor antagonist?\nAnswer: Exposure to an SMF increases the plasma levels of IL-1ra. This effect may inhibit the reduction in PLT in plasma, resulting in prevention in LPS induced DIC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-321ee491502742babbba9abb3d6d5575", "input": "Question: Does bDNF activate mTOR to regulate GluR1 expression required for memory formation?\nAnswer: IN CONCLUSION, OUR FINDINGS DEMONSTRATE THAT: 1) mTOR-mediated mRNA translation is required for memory consolidation during at least two restricted time windows; 2) this kinase acts downstream BDNF in the hippocampus and; 3) it controls the increase of synaptic GluR1 necessary for memory consolidation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b109179626c4d9f928046697528d8cd", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins promote therapeutic revascularization?\nAnswer: We demonstrated that a direct inhibition of PHDs, and more particularly PHD3, promoted therapeutic revascularization. Furthermore, we showed that activation of the HIF-1 signaling pathway is required to promote this revascularization.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3dd258c69b134970925f0420ad097baf", "input": "Question: Is the palmar fat pad a reliable intraoperative landmark during carpal tunnel release?\nAnswer: The palmar fat pad is a reliable anatomic landmark during carpal tunnel release. When dividing the TCL from proximal to distal, visualization of the proximal aspect of the fat pad indicates that the distal edge of the TCL is within approximately 2 mm and indicates that distal dissection beyond this extent is unnecessary.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc416be87f794812863a128945b7db1f", "input": "Question: Does apolipoprotein E genotype modify the risk of behavior problems after infant cardiac surgery?\nAnswer: For preschool-aged children with congenital heart defects requiring surgery, parental rating scales showed an increased prevalence of restricted behavior patterns, inattention, and impaired social interactions. The APOE epsilon2 allele was associated with increased behavior problems, impaired social interactions, and restricted behavior patterns.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-02d0295caf1248e3932b6e5ef2395fa4", "input": "Question: Is the adipokine zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein ( ZAG ) downregulated with fat mass expansion in obesity?\nAnswer: ZAG gene expression in adipose tissue is downregulated with increased adiposity and circulating insulin. ZAG mRNA is positively correlated with adiponectin mRNA, and ZAG enhances adiponectin production by human adipocytes. We suggest that ZAG is linked to obesity and obesity-related insulin resistance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-55c67d4373f343ab83f43a06f323b5a2", "input": "Question: Does short-term overt hypothyroidism induce sympathovagal imbalance in thyroidectomized differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients?\nAnswer: Acute short-term overt hypothyroidism results in sympathovagal imbalance with sympathetic withdrawal, with preservation of the cardiovascular reflexes to (mental) stress.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-df3cf4f6258047f7a88e191ead3453f9", "input": "Question: Is hIV-1 replication differentially regulated by distinct clinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?\nAnswer: These results provide a precedent for TB strain-specific effects upon HIV-1 replication and thus for TB strain-specific pathogenesis in the outcome of HIV-1/TB co-infection. MTb strain-specific factors and mechanisms involved in the regulation of HIV-1 during co-infection will be of importance in understanding the basic pathogenesis of HIV-1/TB co-infection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5abc41c1fc6a41bc899974c371020d21", "input": "Question: Does prevalence and correlate of mothers and fathers attending pretest cancer genetic counseling together?\nAnswer: One in three fathers attend pretest cancer genetic counseling with mothers undergoing BRCA1/2 testing; those who do have closer parenting relationships and are more informed about BRCA1/2 testing.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-03a07e4003a24826a4e473bfd1b70b2d", "input": "Question: Is branch segment occlusion with acute myocardial infarction a risk for left ventricular free wall rupture?\nAnswer: The incidence of LVFWR was higher in group B and branch segment occlusion was identified as an independent predictor of LVFWR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1afac20b3633485d8df7ca93e83d8048", "input": "Question: Is subclinical onychomycosis associated with tinea pedis?\nAnswer: Dermatophyte fungi may be isolated from normal-appearing toenails. The presence of dermatophytes in this situation is strongly associated with the presence of tinea pedis. Subclinical dermatophyte in the nail plate may serve as a reservoir for ongoing local infection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ba225fdbe7624f8da7c9034a899d1133", "input": "Question: Is loss of anterior translation of the distal humeral articular surface associated with decreased elbow flexion?\nAnswer: Using a reproducible technique for measuring anterior translation of the distal humerus, there was a correlation between anterior translation of the distal humeral articular surface and elbow flexion after ORIF. Although the weakness of the correlation emphasizes that limitation of elbow flexion after ORIF of a distal humerus fracture is multifactorial, reduced anterior translation of the distal humeral articular surface might be a contributing factor.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-10d77be958e9474198db1cbd1b72d60b", "input": "Question: Do triangle network motifs predict complexes by complementing high-error interactomes with structural information?\nAnswer: Given high-error PPINs with missing information, triangles of mixed datatypes are a promising direction for finding protein complexes. Integrating PPINs with SDDIs improves finding complexes. Structural SDDIs partially explain the high functional similarity of second-level neighbors in PPINs. We estimate that relatively little structural information would be sufficient for finding complexes involving most of the proteins and interactions in a typical PPIN.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-af94bb6c3f0d4f99aaf4f961afdcb6fa", "input": "Question: Are abnormal serum alanine aminotransferase levels associated with impaired insulin sensitivity in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome?\nAnswer: Abnormal serum ALT levels, as surrogate measure of NAFLD, are closely associated with impaired insulin sensitivity in young PCOS women in a manner that is independent from the contribution of age and total adiposity. Early recognition of NAFLD by radiological imaging tests in this group of young patients is warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b309408732f4bed97be91637549867d", "input": "Question: Does adenosine-A1 receptors activation restore the suppressed cardioprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning in hyperhomocysteinemic rat hearts?\nAnswer: It may be concluded that the activation of adenosine-A1 receptors using CCPA markedly restored the suppressed cardioprotective and infarct size-limiting effects of IPC in hyperhomocysteinemic rat hearts. Thus, the reduced availability of extracellular adenosine and impaired activation of adenosine-A1 receptors may be responsible for abolishing the cardioprotective potential of IPC against I/R-induced myocardial injury in hyperhomocysteinemic rat hearts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f64da529b98d43ab89dd26c6eafba2da", "input": "Question: Is male gender a risk factor for the outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy : a single surgeon experience?\nAnswer: Male gender is not an independent risk factor for satisfactory outcome of LC in the experience of a single surgeon.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2c8733bbf8104aaf8fc8ac7d958b510f", "input": "Question: Does platelet-derived growth factor expression correlate with tumor grade and proliferative activity in human oligodendrogliomas?\nAnswer: The results of this study showed that MIB-1 LI is a rapid and cost-effective modality for predicting tumor grade in oligodendrogliomas. Immunohistochemistry for PDGF was found to be useful in differentiating various grades of oligodendroglioma, and therefore, it may be involved in tumor cell proliferation and malignant transformation. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha, although expressed in oligodendroglial neoplasms, was not found to be useful in predicting tumor grade.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f074abbfc9d4d70be90cbd084ed8d3e", "input": "Question: Is survival after pancreaticoduodenectomy improved by extending resections to achieve negative margins?\nAnswer: Survival after pancreaticoduodenectomy is not improved by extending pancreatic resections to achieve negative margins after initially positive intraoperative frozen sections. Tumor-specific factors beyond the presence of disease at a surgical margin are responsible for the abbreviated survival seen in patients undergoing R1 resections.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-074871b9e7504ef5bd02f58aceb77312", "input": "Question: Do novel biomarkers early predict the severity of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery in adults?\nAnswer: Immediately postoperatively, NGAL and cystatin C correlated with and were independent predictors of duration and severity of AKI and duration of intensive care stay after adult cardiac surgery. The combination of both renal biomarkers did not add predictive value.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-171c60dbe5f9415eba6026b0587139c5", "input": "Question: Does cardiac vagal stimulation eliminate detrimental tachycardia effects of dobutamine used for inotropic support?\nAnswer: Combining SNFP-VS with dobutamine could achieve hemodynamic improvement while avoiding sinus tachycardia in this dog model, suggesting that similar strategy may also be applied in patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4a7989de6cb4655b75a9c971328db8d", "input": "Question: Does resistance training contribute to improving the metabolic profile after a 6-month weight loss program in overweight and obese postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: CR+RT was associated with greater losses in percent FM and trunk FM compared with CR alone. However, CR+RT was not associated with additional improvements in the metabolic profile compared with CR alone.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab5c5041072d4ab5a6d4faa224147342", "input": "Question: Does lactoferrin conjugated with 40-kDa branched poly ( ethylene glycol ) have an improved circulating half-life?\nAnswer: The 40k-PEG-bLf exhibited improved in vitro bioactivity and stability and enhanced pharmacokinetic properties as compared to those of the unmodified bLF and the 20 k-PEG-bLf conjugate, which was recently developed by PEGylation of bLF with a 20-kDa branched PEG [Nojima Y. et al. Bioconjugate Chem. 19:2253-2259 (2008)].", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c04067de1f8540bbab70e00eb9dcb023", "input": "Question: Do seed implant retention score predicts the risk of prolonged urinary retention after prostate brachytherapy?\nAnswer: The SIRS may identify patients who are at high risk for prolonged retention after prostate brachytherapy. A prospective validation study of the SIRS is planned.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a80ed8392d74fbfa549bfaed9d90579", "input": "Question: Does pulmonary vascular resistance predict early mortality in patients with diffuse fibrotic lung disease and suspected pulmonary hypertension?\nAnswer: In severe DLD, early mortality is strongly linked to increased PVR but not to other RHC or non-invasive variables. These findings suggest that the threshold for RHC in severe DLD should be low, enabling prioritisation of aggressive treatment including lung transplantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9fb746014434979baffaa4dca634953", "input": "Question: Are kLOTHO gene polymorphisms G-395A and C1818T associated with lipid and glucose metabolism , bone mineral density and systolic blood pressure in Japanese healthy subjects?\nAnswer: KLOTHO gene SNPs G-395A and C1818T are associated with lipid metabolism in men, and glucose metabolism, bone mineral density and systolic blood pressure in women.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c26db25f1aba428798c393c58edd0c0d", "input": "Question: Is cadmium a novel and independent risk factor for early atherosclerosis mechanisms and in vivo relevance?\nAnswer: Our research suggests Cd has promoting effects on early human and murine atherosclerosis, which were partly offset by high Zn concentrations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-815d71092e6a402187eef659abdf0f97", "input": "Question: Does normal magnetic resonance perfusion-weighted imaging in lacunar infarcts predict a low risk of early deterioration?\nAnswer: MR-PWI abnormalities are seen in two thirds of lacunar infarcts, and are associated with stroke rather than TIA. Normal PWI identifies patients at low risk of early clinical deterioration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-57dd06c4814f4c7e8f8e83160f73e442", "input": "Question: Does calcitonin gene-related peptide modulate interleukin-13 in circulating cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen-positive T cells in patients with atopic dermatitis?\nAnswer: Our results suggest an immunomodulatory role of CGRP towards a Th2 pattern in CLA+ T cells, which may contribute to exacerbating clinical symptoms in patients with AD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9c186bec97248f5b06b5b46e54dcd39", "input": "Question: Is ketoacidosis at diabetes onset still frequent in children and adolescents : a multicenter analysis of 14,664 patients from 106 institutions?\nAnswer: Ketoacidosis occurring at diabetes onset continues to be a difficult problem. Our data show no significant change in the frequency and magnitude of DKA over the last 13 years.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4acdb51bd0074116aa61fd8e7dc83cef", "input": "Question: Does t cell infiltrate predict long-term survival following resection of colorectal cancer liver metastases?\nAnswer: CRCLM T cell number is an independent correlate of long-term survival following liver resection. We conclude that CRCLM TIL analysis represents a potentially powerful prognostic tool which will require further validation prior to broad application.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b0a0fd3decb41c8a809d4137a738f9e", "input": "Question: Does the change in B-type natriuretic peptide levels over time predict significant rejection in cardiac transplant recipients?\nAnswer: There is a strong, graded relationship between the within-individual increase in NT-proBNP and the odds of significant rejection independent of hemodynamic parameters. These results suggest that the change in NT-proBNP rather than absolute BNP levels may offer a non-invasive approach to detect rejection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-58a5bc5ec391487aa45557147ea0518c", "input": "Question: Is overweight associated with improved cancer-specific survival in patients with organ-confined renal cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: We were able to identify overweight as an independent prognostic marker of improved tumor-specific survival in patients with organ-confined RCC. Basic research is required to resolve the dilemma of why, if a higher BMI predisposes to RCC, it concurrently prolongs survival after patients have undergone (partial) nephrectomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec3244c871284979b11ea9c77aa1c194", "input": "Question: Do gold nanoparticles induce cytotoxicity in the alveolar type-II cell lines A549 and NCIH441?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that the presence of contaminants, such as sodium citrate, on the surface of gold nanoparticles might play a pivotal role in inducing cytotoxicity in vitro, but does not influence the uptake of the particles in human ATII-like cell lines.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2618e4f2c0f840268c0b3dfd9dcd576f", "input": "Question: Does losartan counteract the hyper-reactivity to angiotensin II and ROCK1 over-activation in aortas isolated from streptozotocin-injected diabetic rats?\nAnswer: Aortas isolated from STZ-rats present hyper-contracture to AT-II mainly dependent on the up-regulation of ROCK1 expression/activity. In vivo losartan treatment partially corrects AT-II hyper-contracture, limiting the increase in ROCK1 expression/activity. These data offer a new molecular mechanism supporting the rationale for using losartan in the prevention of diabetic vascular complications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-06e7539895b245cd922f8fe5ec66a85b", "input": "Question: Does in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveal region specific metabolic responses to SIV infection in the macaque brain?\nAnswer: These data best support the hypothesis that different brain regions have variable intrinsic vulnerabilities to neuronal injury caused by the AIDS virus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-77056351c0e24e999c6d084ce4d869fe", "input": "Question: Does hydrogen sulfide inhibit MPP ( + ) -induced apoptosis in PC12 cells?\nAnswer: H2S significantly protected PC12 cells against cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by MPP(+), which was associated with the inhibition by H(2)S of MPP(+)-induced dissipation of MMP and overproduction of ROS. These findings can significantly advance therapeutic approaches to the neurodegenerative diseases which are associated with oxidative stress, such as Parkinson's disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-47fd5fc7b6bb4638a07a01b55be0221f", "input": "Question: Are hepatitis C virus core , NS3 , NS4B and NS5A the major immunogenic proteins in humoral immunity in chronic HCV infection?\nAnswer: The data shows significant variation in the specificity in humoral immunity in chronic HCV patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-277c24818b85448fa61d22975dda792d", "input": "Question: Does high fat feeding induce hepatic fatty acid elongation in mice?\nAnswer: High-fat feeding induces hepatic fatty acid synthesis in mice, by chain elongation and subsequent desaturation rather than de novo synthesis, while VLDL-TG output remains unaffected. Suppression of lipogenic fluxes by fish oil prevents from high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in mice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-486b30d260d0468497804a0470c95c39", "input": "Question: Does the spectrum of structural abnormalities on CT scan from patients with CF with severe advanced lung disease?\nAnswer: A CT scoring system was developed to characterise the structural abnormalities in patients with SALD. A wide spectrum was observed in SALD, ranging from predominantly air trapping to predominantly infection/inflammation-related changes. This spectrum may have clinical implications for patients with SALD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f8aa5f6b98ea44d384e2d349eed69ae6", "input": "Question: Do women with safety concerns report fewer gender-specific preventive healthcare services?\nAnswer: In this large population-based sample, women with recent self-reported safety concerns report receiving fewer recommended gender-specific preventive services.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc037406468d482d84bc48fbdd87cd3a", "input": "Question: Is klassevirus 1 , a previously undescribed member of the family Picornaviridae , globally widespread?\nAnswer: Klassevirus 1 is a previously undescribed picornavirus that is globally widespread and present on at least three continents. Further investigations to determine whether klassevirus 1 is a human pathogen are needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b65ad851143c443a9f3b79da45dea170", "input": "Question: Are mitogen-activated protein kinases and NFkappaB involved in SP-A-enhanced responses of macrophages to mycobacteria?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate that BCG and SP-A-BCG ingestion by macrophages is accompanied by activation of signaling pathways involving the MAP kinase pathway and NFkappaB.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f8abd82a82d4e11a225ecd564030829", "input": "Question: Do morphogenesis signaling components influence cell cycle regulation by cyclin dependent kinase?\nAnswer: The dynamic balance between Cks1- and Swe1-dependent regulation of Cdc28 and, thereby, the timing of mitosis during yeast dimorphism is regulated in part by Ras2/cAMP-mediated PKA signaling, a key pathway controlling filamentous growth.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-428045483909479a88803a6ef4ac6afc", "input": "Question: Do calyx and dimorphic neurons of mouse Scarpa 's ganglion express histamine H3 receptors?\nAnswer: The present results are consistent with calyx and dimorphic, but not bouton, afferent vestibular neurons expressing H3 receptors. This study provides a molecular substrate for the effects of histamine-related antivertigo drugs acting on (or binding to) H3 receptors, and suggest a potential target for the treatment of vestibular disorders of peripheral origin.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-583e96016753477eb3de9a897f567105", "input": "Question: Do primary pneumonic plague contracted from a mountain lion carcass?\nAnswer: The biologist likely acquired pneumonic plague through inhalation of aerosols generated during postmortem examination of an infected mountain lion. Enhanced awareness of zoonotic diseases and appropriate use of personal protective equipment are needed for biologists and others who handle wildlife.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fee65c8899c045e595632d555c3086be", "input": "Question: Do three residues at the interface of factor XI ( FXI ) monomers augment covalent dimerization of FXI?\nAnswer: The data suggest that Leu284, Ile290 and Tyr329 in the interface of FXI monomers are essential for forming non-covalently bonded dimers that facilitate formation of a disulfide-bonded stable FXI dimer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e851dbc1b76494e96949080d3ec6840", "input": "Question: Does induction of CCL13 expression in synovial fibroblasts highlight a significant role of oncostatin M in rheumatoid arthritis?\nAnswer: In contrast to other prominent cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of RA, OSM can strongly up-regulate the expression of CCL13, a chemokine recently identified in the synovial fluid of patients with RA. Despite potent OSM-induced signal transduction in all types of fibroblasts analyzed, only synovial fibroblasts secreted CCL13, which might be indicative of tissue-specific imprinting of different fibroblasts during development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f0092dc39c542fdac322d5c8ad24c79", "input": "Question: Do monocytes and neutrophils expressing myeloperoxidase occur in fibrous caps and thrombi in unstable coronary plaques?\nAnswer: Unstable fibrous caps are more likely to contain MPO-positive cells, neutrophils, and iron-containing macrophages than fibrous caps of stable fibroatheromas. MPO-positive cells in thrombi adjacent to disrupted plaques are associated with occlusive thrombi and are more numerous in diabetic patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b7c8f97ece547f3ba80fae2b48dba12", "input": "Question: Do par3 and dynein associate to regulate local microtubule dynamics and centrosome orientation during migration?\nAnswer: Par3 associates with dynein and contributes to the local regulation of MT dynamics at cell-cell contacts and proper positioning of the centrosome at the cell center. We propose that Par3 acts as a cortical factor that tethers MTs through its association with LIC2 dynein.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-00b9a83d24fc40d0b5a6f918da8eff30", "input": "Question: Are the personality domains and styles of the five-factor model related to incident depression in Medicare recipients aged 65 to 100?\nAnswer: The present findings highlight the importance of examining combinations of personality traits or personality styles when identifying those who are most at-risk for geriatric depression. Since other personality domains may modify the risk related to high Neuroticism and low Conscientiousness, the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of depression could be greatly improved by assessing older patients not only on all five domains of personality but in terms of their combinations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a0a6cc0b83df4862aa855fc0bc357c42", "input": "Question: Does variability in depressive symptoms predict cognitive decline in age-related macular degeneration?\nAnswer: These data suggest a useful approach to conceptualizing and measuring depressive symptoms in older persons. Variability in self-reported mood may be an early sign of dementia and may offer new insights into the neurobiological mechanisms linking depression and cognition", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4beb666c9b743ddad170c8531e31bf6", "input": "Question: Do individual differences in personality predict how people look at faces?\nAnswer: This finding is discussed in relation to previous behavioral research relating personality to selective attention for trait-congruent emotional information, neuroimaging studies relating differences in personality to amygdala reactivity to socially relevant stimuli, and genetic studies suggesting linkages between the serotonin transporter gene and neuroticism. We conclude that personality may be related to interpersonal interaction by shaping aspects of social cognition as basic as eye contact. In this way, eye gaze represents a possible behavioral link in a complex relationship between genes, brain function, and personality.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d93ab497f654430eaa2516f24f3cd004", "input": "Question: Do natural triterpenic diols promote apoptosis in astrocytoma cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial depolarization and JNK activation?\nAnswer: Overall, we provide a significant insight into the anticarcinogenic action of erythrodiol and uvaol that may have a potential in prevention and treatment of brain tumors and other cancers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0ddf211bb7794a62905391d7d6a60200", "input": "Question: Does maraviroc concentrate in the cervicovaginal fluid and vaginal tissue of HIV-negative women?\nAnswer: Higher maraviroc exposure in the female genital tract provides a pharmacologic basis for further evaluation of chemokine receptor 5 antagonists in HIV infection prophylaxis. This is the first study to report antiretroviral VT concentrations, CVF protein binding, and CVF terminal elimination.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea8d9b5dc3224a5e91198afb46bc2817", "input": "Question: Does [ Arsenic trioxide inhibit cell growth in imatinib-resistant bcr-abl mutant cell lines in vitro ]?\nAnswer: As2O3 remarkably inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis of IM-resistant bcr-abl mutant cell lines in vitro, suggesting that it might be a potential therapeutic agent for IM-resistant CML patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a2b78188fe594b4497a367be7b3f2221", "input": "Question: Does resorcinol peel as a possible self-treatment of painful nodules in hidradenitis suppurativa?\nAnswer: Topical treatment with 15% resorcinol reduced pain from painful nodules in all patients with HS. Further trials are warranted to confirm these results.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a157c92b8f9743ddb18a763ac6dd46e5", "input": "Question: Is increased quantity of tumor-infiltrating FOXP3-positive regulatory T cells an independent predictor for improved clinical outcome in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma?\nAnswer: Increased quantity of tumor-infiltrating Tregs predicted improved clinical outcome in NKTCL patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e869914a45b5432cadc1ce64f09c4a80", "input": "Question: Is pre-operative Evaluation of Eustachian Tube Function Using a Modified Pressure Equilibration Test Predictive of Good Postoperative Hearing and Middle Ear Aeration in Type 1 Tympanoplasty Patients?\nAnswer: ET function measured with a modified pressure equilibration test using an inflation-deflation manometric method is a good indicator of an aerated middle ear and is predictive of improved postoperative hearing.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-93257d9bbf9a4fd38c7177a57a6b7627", "input": "Question: Does tularemia induce different biochemical responses in BALB/c mice and common voles?\nAnswer: As differences in lipid metabolism and the total antioxidant capacity of highly susceptible rodent species were demonstrated, the role of triglycerides, cholesterol and antioxidants in tularemic sepsis should be further investigated.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6fe3e599c6904bd7b27cf120072bd021", "input": "Question: Is optical coherence tomography less sensitive than visual evoked potentials in optic neuritis?\nAnswer: Visual evoked potentials (VEP) remains the preferred test for detecting clinical and subclinical optic neuritis. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) measures were unrelated to disability and demographic features predicting a worse prognosis in multiple sclerosis. OCT may provide complementary information to VEP in select cases, and remains a valuable research tool for studying optic nerve disease in populations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cca3cc3cbd80430e9fb9bcb109caf967", "input": "Question: Do annotated receipts capture household food purchases from a broad range of sources?\nAnswer: Receipt data provided important quantitative information about HFPB from a wide range of sources and food categories. Two weeks may be adequate to reliably characterize HFPB using annotated receipts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dad61753f86e4c41aaf9f467d552cb16", "input": "Question: Is conservation of the glucan phosphatase laforin linked to rates of molecular evolution and the glucan metabolism of the organism?\nAnswer: Our results alter the existing view of glucan phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and strongly suggest that glucan phosphorylation is a multi-Kingdom regulatory mechanism, encompassing at least some invertebrates. These results establish boundaries concerning which organisms contain laforin. Laforin is conserved in all vertebrates, it has been lost in the vast majority of lower organisms, and yet it is an ancient gene that is conserved in a subset of protists and invertebrates that have undergone slower rates of molecular evolution and/or metabolize a carbohydrate similar to LBs. Thus, the laforin gene holds a unique place in evolutionary biology and has yielded insights into glucan metabolism and the molecular etiology of Lafora disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0b2a2ce09e749108c7abf9c29a398aa", "input": "Question: Does co-morbidity index predict for mortality after stereotactic body radiotherapy for medically inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: The number and seriousness of co-morbidities predict overall survival in medically inoperable early-stage NSCLC treated with SBRT. Because the determination of medical operability is frequently based on both objective measures and subjective clinical judgment, it is recommended that co-morbidity be formally indexed in all studies examining the outcomes of SBRT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-12fb7cc581be4a1a8fe6164aa5aee009", "input": "Question: Are serum VEGF levels in acute ischaemic strokes correlated with long-term prognosis?\nAnswer: Serum VEGF levels are correlated with long-term prognoses in acute ischaemic stroke patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-93b3b69b4e3440bbb09c1f120687b987", "input": "Question: Does echocardiographic tissue deformation imaging quantify abnormal regional right ventricular function in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy?\nAnswer: DTI and two-dimensional strain-derived parameters are superior to conventional echocardiographic parameters in identifying ARVD/C. This novel technique may have additional value in the diagnostic workup of patients with suspected ARVD/C.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5d456eb1f8c46f0850ee871d13d13a6", "input": "Question: Does impact of electronic health record-based alert on influenza vaccination for children with asthma?\nAnswer: Clinical alerts were associated with only modest improvements in influenza vaccination rates.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f18d8f576ca4a1eba28bff4d3ec45af", "input": "Question: Does growth hormone receptor antagonist treatment reduce exercise performance in young males?\nAnswer: GH might be an important determinant of exercise capacity during prolonged exercise, but GHR antagonist did not alter fat metabolism during exercise.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0288f89728304f5cb7fbcaf36adc53de", "input": "Question: Does infection with murine gammaherpesvirus 68 exacerbate inflammatory bowel disease in IL-10-deficient mice?\nAnswer: The presence of HV-68 in IL-10-/- mice exacerbates the developing clinical disease in this animal model of colitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-82bf27d2e6ab471cb1c00fdecf1f5dae", "input": "Question: Do multiple cardiac proteasome subtypes differ in their susceptibility to proteasome inhibitors?\nAnswer: These data show that different inhibitors have differential inhibitory effects on the various cardiac proteasome subtypes. Different cardiac subtypes are inhibited by the same dose of proteasome inhibitor to a different extent.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9cfaadf180f44929ac5ea21caa1a7a8", "input": "Question: Does alteration of neuropeptides in the lung tissue correlate brain death-induced neurogenic edema?\nAnswer: NPY was released from the lung tissue of brain-dead pigs, and its concentration was related to the extent of pulmonary edema. NPY may be one of several crucial mediators of neurogenic pulmonary edema, raising the possibility of treatment with NPY-antagonists to increase the number of available lung donors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3f197db8dc414d5dba267252b43b6ec0", "input": "Question: Does bioluminescence imaging in mouse models quantify beta cell mass in the pancreas and after islet transplantation?\nAnswer: Bioluminescence in the MIP-Luc-VU mouse model is proportional to beta cell mass in the setting of increased and decreased beta cell mass and after transplantation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8d56140ca084a3d87ad11f5bc344bc5", "input": "Question: Is resistance exercise plus to aerobic activities associated with better lipids ' profile among healthy individuals : the ATTICA study?\nAnswer: These data suggest that combining aerobic and resistance-type activities may confer a better effect on lipoprotein profile in healthy individuals than aerobic activities alone.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d349fb66148e4419a7e61966a9b5d2c8", "input": "Question: Does antibacterial therapy improve the effectiveness of prostate cancer detection using prostate-specific antigen in patients with asymptomatic prostatitis?\nAnswer: Using the changes in PSA-related parameters after antibacterial therapy DeltaPSA, DeltaPSAD, and Deltaf/t PSA improve the PC detection rate and decrease unnecessary prostate biopsies in patients with asymptomatic prostatitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac5bc8bbe16b46769108558ad42dc4fc", "input": "Question: Does cilostazol protect endothelial cells against lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis through ERK1/2- and P38 MAPK-dependent pathways?\nAnswer: Cilostazol protects HUVECs against LPS-induced apoptosis by suppressing mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling. Activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs, and subsequent stimulation of CREB phosphorylation and Bcl-2 expression, may be responsible for the cellular signaling mechanism of cilostazol-mediated protection.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-920b773ce8434fa5b6eaba1e282fb9a9", "input": "Question: Does protein Never in Mitosis Gene A Interacting-1 regulate calpain activity and the degradation of cyclooxygenase-2 in endothelial cells?\nAnswer: PIN1 reduced calpain activity and slowed the degradation of COX-2 in MAEC, an effect recapitulated by an inhibitor of calpain. Given the sensitivity of COX-2 and iNOS to calpain, PIN1 may normally limit induction of these and other calpain substrates by maintaining calpain activity in endothelial cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6af60baba406448ebd3c3baa6a1af7f7", "input": "Question: Do immune regulatory neural stem/precursor cells protect from central nervous system autoimmunity by restraining dendritic cell function?\nAnswer: The study described herein, identifies the first member of the TGF beta/BMP family of stem cell regulators as a novel tolerogenic factor released by NPCs. Full exploitation of this pathway as an efficient tool for vaccination therapy in autoimmune inflammatory conditions is underway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7bf8f915532429484c49fabf11d1e1f", "input": "Question: Does topical N-acetylcysteine reduce interleukin-1-alpha in tear fluid after laser subepithelial keratectomy?\nAnswer: NAC seems to have an additive effect to steroids in suppressing IL-1alpha levels in tear fluid and may be clinically advantageous in modulating corneal wound healing during the early postoperative period after LASEK.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a643cf599396447a8d33fb125cbd6a9c", "input": "Question: Does metabolic extract of Fusarium oxysporum induce histopathologic alterations and apoptosis in the skin of Wistar rats?\nAnswer: The extract induced histopathologic alterations in the skin, probably as a result of the presence of active toxic metabolites.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8590388710f5479c8f70931b8fae64bc", "input": "Question: Is time point important for effects of syngeneic bone marrow transplantation for type 1 diabetes in mice?\nAnswer: These results indicated that syn-BMT should be performed, when diabetes is neither too new-onset nor too late-stage. Tregs represent one mechanism for syn-BMT-induced restoration of immune tolerance in STZ-diabetic mice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-640822fe41b44a7fac5d19683277fce6", "input": "Question: Does tactile thermal oral stimulation increase the cortical representation of swallowing?\nAnswer: In the present study functional cortical changes elicited by oral sensory stimulation could be demonstrated. We suggest that these results reflect short-term cortical plasticity of sensory swallowing areas. These findings facilitate our understanding of the role of cortical reorganization in dysphagia treatment and recovery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab3a1b1f3d92406e8811de5e0a230233", "input": "Question: Does upstream high-dose tirofiban reduce myocardial infarct size in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention : a magnetic resonance imaging pilot study?\nAnswer: Despite the improvement of initial TIMI flow grade, the upstream use of high-dose tirofiban did not reduce myocardial infarct size measured by CE-MRI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a63e0458b5f649158906eb796421fb5c", "input": "Question: Do the use of theraputic plasma exchange ( TPE ) in the setting of refractory burn shock?\nAnswer: This is the largest study to date examining TPE as an adjunct in burn resuscitation and suggests that TPE may be effective as a salvage intervention for refractory burn shock. Physiologic parameters clearly improved after the use of TPE without any detected adverse consequences. Also, admission lactate may be a useful indicator to determine who will fail standard burn resuscitation and require TPE.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0ef45755205f4388ae02a0f62aa41c1c", "input": "Question: Does low-dose vasopressin infusion result in increased mortality and cardiac dysfunction following ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice?\nAnswer: Arginine vasopressin infusion significantly depressed the myocardial function in an ischemia/reperfusion model and increased mortality in comparison with both saline and dobutamine treated animals. The use of vasopressin may be contraindicated in non-vasodilatory shock states associated with significant cardiac injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a2419f4a7b5f48c7846c548603512eb7", "input": "Question: Are p53 and vascular endothelial growth factor expressions two important indices for prognosis in gastric carcinoma?\nAnswer: The p53 expression may play an important role in controlling angiogenesis by regulating VEGF expression and VEGF expression is associated closely with disease recurrence. In addition, both p53 and VEGF expression might be useful in indicating the prognosis in patients with gastric carcinoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94c82541bebf4634a10ae85f79162e82", "input": "Question: Are hypoalbuminaemia and impaired renal function associated with increased anticholinergic drug prescribing?\nAnswer: Polypharmacy, hypoalbuminaemia and low eGFR are independently associated with the ARS. Patients with a higher ARS are also prescribed higher doses of anticholinergic medications than those with lower ARS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-562868b246774dcaa1f8360541f35203", "input": "Question: Does compression regulate mitotic spindle length by a mechanochemical switch at the poles?\nAnswer: We propose that spindle length is controlled by a mechanochemical switch at the poles that regulates the depolymerization rate of kinetochore fibers in response to compression and discuss models for how this switch is controlled. Poleward force appears to be exerted along kinetochore fibers by some mechanism other than kinesin-5 activity, and we speculate that it may arise from polymerization pressure from growing plus ends of interpolar microtubules whose minus ends are anchored in the fiber. These insights provide a framework for conceptualizing mechanical integration within the spindle.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f7a4675990b450ca16ecbe1db19504c", "input": "Question: Are fitness and abdominal obesity independently associated with cardiovascular risk?\nAnswer: Higher fitness and lower waist circumference are each independently associated to a similar extent with a lower CVD risk. Simultaneous evaluation of both fitness and abdominal obesity status in clinical practice is important.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b53eedd981f741d481178eda1746c912", "input": "Question: Do pancreatic cancer patients who smoke and drink are diagnosed at younger ages?\nAnswer: Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were associated with younger age at pancreatic cancer presentation and have a combined effect on diagnosis age. Past cigarette smoking is less influential. Smoking cessation programs could help prevent pancreatic cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f1ebe78fc2b84c5f81780b120464c2c7", "input": "Question: Is growth-differentiation factor-15 an independent marker of cardiovascular dysfunction and disease in the elderly : results from the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors ( PIVUS ) Study?\nAnswer: GDF-15 carries information on CV dysfunction and disease that is not captured by traditional CV risk factors in elderly individuals.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-76dac8f5743b48848de29c8ddb5ae1cb", "input": "Question: Do the biceps tendon as a measure of rotational deformity in residual brachial plexus birth palsy?\nAnswer: The biceps angle is a measure of rotational deformity in patients with residual brachial plexus birth palsy, and correlates better with external rotation than either the glenoid version or the PHHA. The biceps angle may be a useful measure of rotational glenohumeral deformity before and after surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ecfc2cb547064e499fcd40e62fe3cfe1", "input": "Question: Does addition of clonidine or dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine prolong caudal analgesia in children?\nAnswer: Addition of dexmedetomidine or clonidine to caudal bupivacaine significantly promoted analgesia in children undergoing lower abdominal surgeries with no significant advantage of dexmedetomidine over clonidine and without an increase in incidence of side-effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-17cb04d1fcf1409495932a0ca7eafa17", "input": "Question: Do keratometric alterations following the 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy versus the conventional pars plana vitrectomy?\nAnswer: Both 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless and conventional pars plana vitrectomy are effective surgical modalities for selected diseases of the posterior segment. Surgical procedures are critical for the visual rehabilitation of the patients. The post-operative corneal astigmatism of the vitrectomised eyes can be accurately determined at least two months post-operatively.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e641fe705d94a4da298c2d906673693", "input": "Question: Is lMO2 a novel predictive marker for a better prognosis in pancreatic cancer?\nAnswer: LMO2 is a promising marker for predicting a better prognosis in pancreatic cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e783fd149c6485fbbbcddca0810b295", "input": "Question: Does acute stress increase sex differences in risk seeking in the balloon analogue risk task?\nAnswer: Acute stress amplifies sex differences in risk seeking; making women more risk avoidant and men more risk seeking. Evolutionary principles may explain these stress-induced sex differences in risk taking behavior.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8844bf2d8ba9424f98da2051892090ef", "input": "Question: Is more lateral and anterior prefrontal coil location associated with better repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation antidepressant response?\nAnswer: These results suggest that within the general anatomical area targeted by the 5-cm rule, placing the TMS coil more laterally and anteriorly is associated with improved response rates in TMS depression studies. Controlled studies testing this anatomical hypothesis are needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-da47fb7b3f80480384ede515f5708390", "input": "Question: Does small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 [ corrected ] mediate the resistance of prosthesis-loosening fibroblast-like synoviocytes against Fas-induced apoptosis?\nAnswer: These data suggest that SUMO-1 is involved in the activation of both RA FLS and prosthesis-loosening FLS by preventing these cells from undergoing apoptosis. Modification of nuclear proteins by SUMO-1 contributes to the antiapoptotic effects of SUMO-1 in prosthesis-loosening FLS, providing evidence for the specific activation of sumoylation during their differentiation. Therefore, SUMO-1 may be an interesting target for novel strategies to prevent aseptic prosthesis loosening.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd66ae2b3ce24d5fa741f13763577a37", "input": "Question: Is risk of tuberculosis higher with anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody therapy than with soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor therapy : The three-year prospective French Research Axed on Tolerance of Biotherapies registry?\nAnswer: The risk of TB is higher for patients receiving anti-TNF mAb therapy than for those receiving soluble TNF receptor therapy. The increased risk with early anti-TNF treatment and the absence of correct chemoprophylactic treatment favor the reactivation of latent TB.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1433694aa54d4cf5bca60c0350b95c29", "input": "Question: Are adipocytokines associated with radiographic joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis?\nAnswer: Concentrations of adipocytokines are increased in patients with RA and may modulate radiographic joint damage. Visfatin is associated with increased, and leptin with reduced, levels of radiographic joint damage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee7cbce825cd4abda93f24c5438a97b3", "input": "Question: Is the CGGGG insertion/deletion polymorphism of the IRF5 promoter a strong risk factor for primary Sj\u00f6gren 's syndrome?\nAnswer: Our findings indicate an association of the CGGGG insertion/deletion polymorphism of the IRF5 promoter with primary SS. Patients carrying the 4R CGGGG IRF5 allele had a high level of mRNA for IRF5 in PBMCs and salivary gland epithelial cells, mainly after in vitro viral infection. Patients with high levels of mRNA for IRF5 also had high levels of mRNA for type I IFN-induced genes in PBMCs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e106ff2260bf4a3391fabbd949d4d6e3", "input": "Question: Is the neuroprotective effects of oxaloacetate in closed head injury in rats mediated by its blood glutamate scavenging activity : evidence from the use of maleate?\nAnswer: The results of this study demonstrate that the primary mechanism by which oxaloacetate provides neuroprotective activity after CHI is related to its blood glutamate scavenging activity. Management of blood glutamate concentration may have important implications in the treatment of acute brain conditions, including CHI and stroke.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5521654cc8f14bbeaa8d854b3679a242", "input": "Question: Do young adult injection drug users in the United States continue to practice HIV risk behaviors?\nAnswer: More than two decades after injection and sexual practices were identified as risk factors for HIV infection, these behaviors remain common among young IDUs. While racial/ethnic disparities persist, methamphetamine may be replacing cocaine as the drug most associated with HIV seropositivity. HIV prevention interventions targeting young IDUs and address both sexual and injection practices are needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a5567355b324e8ca57bbefd0a37362b", "input": "Question: Does self-reported pad use per day reflect patient quality of life after pubovaginal sling surgery?\nAnswer: Self-reported PPD after PVS reflects patient perception of urinary-specific QOL.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd19e183ec624b2283b62ce19f8746e1", "input": "Question: Are the novel RASSF6 and RASSF10 candidate tumour suppressor genes frequently epigenetically inactivated in childhood leukaemias?\nAnswer: This study shows the hypermethylation profile of RASSF genes in leukaemias is distinct from that of solid tumours and represents the first report of inactivation of RASSF6 or RASSF10 in cancer. These data show epigenetic inactivation of the candidate TSGs RASSF6 and RASSF10 is an extremely frequent event in the pathogenesis of childhood leukaemia. This study also warrants further investigation of the newly identified RASSF member RASSF10 and its potential role in leukaemia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e46683b548c641debaeddc7d96cac297", "input": "Question: Is pancreatitis frequent among patients with side-branch intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia diagnosed by EUS?\nAnswer: Single-center, retrospective study.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e897ce28377e4a11a6ebe5da7336b15d", "input": "Question: Does the phospholipase A ( 2 ) inhibitor methyl indoxam suppress diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance in mice?\nAnswer: These results show that oral supplementation of a diabetogenic diet with the Pla2g1b inhibitor methyl indoxam effectively suppresses diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice. This suggests that Pla2g1b inhibition may be a potentially effective oral therapeutic option for treatment of obesity and diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef5a083195644d0f97039a91a3eb2b5e", "input": "Question: Do physiological thyroid hormone levels regulate numerous skeletal muscle transcripts?\nAnswer: We demonstrated that physiological levels of TH regulate a myriad of genes in human skeletal muscle. The identification of novel putatively TH-responsive genes may provide the molecular basis of clinical effects in subjects with different TH status. The observation that TH regulates microRNAs reveals a new layer of complexity by which TH influences cellular processes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d3a52ec70a445858cc4d2291adbc821", "input": "Question: Does evaluation of a new device to prevent fall in persons with Parkinson 's disease?\nAnswer: The WalkAbout may help persons with PD who have more severe disability to walk farther. These data could be beneficial in selecting a helpful walking aid for persons with PD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-306499ea44f14edcbfeff3a820a2dad0", "input": "Question: Does higher inpatient medical surgical bed occupancy extend admitted patients ' stay?\nAnswer: Med/surg bed occupancy has a better correlation to extended transfer times, and occupancy over 92% at 5 AM in our institution corresponds to an increased frequency of extended transfer times from the ED. The process of ED evaluation, hospital admission, and subsequent transfer into the hospital are all complex processes. This study begins to demonstrate one variable, med/surg occupancy, as one of the intervals that can be followed to evaluate the process of ED admission and hospital flow.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a81750e42a4440c0b19a7f4ec65a456d", "input": "Question: Is routine laboratory testing to evaluate for medical illness in psychiatric patients in the emergency department largely unrevealing?\nAnswer: Patients presenting to the ED with psychiatric chief complaints, benign histories and normal physical exams have a low likelihood of clinically significant laboratory findings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dda667c8c72c499891632404d9b9bcb4", "input": "Question: Is copper-induced regression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy associated with enhanced vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 signalling pathway?\nAnswer: Enhanced VEGFR-1 signalling is involved in Cu regression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and the PKG-1 pathway is likely associated with VEGFR-1.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bab1883adf0648d58e962d5ce24d295e", "input": "Question: Does myocardial electrical activity affect myocardial electrical impedance measurements?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate that our MEI monitor is unaffected by the frequency of the periodic myocardial electrical activity that generates the HR.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-44d5730804a94a4da48509a6581e520d", "input": "Question: Is blood pressure elevated in children with primary snoring?\nAnswer: PS was demonstrated to be an aspect of the dose-response relationship between SDB and BP in children and should not be considered completely benign.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b67a84e06faa4bb1828c9f47618a37e3", "input": "Question: Does adult male circumcision reduce the risk of incident Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Chlamydia trachomatis , or Trichomonas vaginalis infection : results from a randomized , controlled trial in Kenya?\nAnswer: Circumcision of men in this population did not reduce their risk of acquiring these nonulcerative STIs. Improved STI control will require more-effective STI management, including partner treatment and behavioral risk reduction counseling.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd4d671d9ac14cbfa59c0d802cc8709c", "input": "Question: Is cardiomyopathy associated with structural remodelling of heart valve extracellular matrix?\nAnswer: Valves from cardiomyopathic hearts showed significant ECM deterioration with a disrupted collagen and elastic fibre network. It will be important to determine the impact of this ECM damage on valve durability and calcification in vivo if allografts are to be used from these donors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6cc29bf9adbe4723b9a029e3e45e0e82", "input": "Question: Does recent evidence support emotion-regulation interventions for improving health in at-risk and clinical populations?\nAnswer: Evidence generally supports the use of a variety of emotion-regulation interventions to improve health and well being in at-risk and clinical populations, although factors related to treatment response warrant additional research.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ebb70486a37c472e9fae25f83b4a7d0c", "input": "Question: Is release of developmental constraints on tetrad shape confirmed in inaperturate pollen of Potamogeton?\nAnswer: The data support the view that there is a correlation between the inaperturate pollen production and the release of constraint on tetrad shape. However, in P. pusillus the tetrad shape may be constrained by a callose ring. It is also suggested that the lack of apertures in the pollen of Potamogeton may be due to the lack of specific sites on which callose deposition is completed. Moreover, inaperturate pollen of Potamogeton would be better classified as omniaperturate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2a7ff2b51d34dc7a5557c666e0a1b4f", "input": "Question: Does lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus induce systemic lymphocyte activation via TLR7-dependent IFNalpha responses by plasmacytoid dendritic cells?\nAnswer: Results indicate that LDV-induced activation of lymphocytes is due to recognition of LDV nucleic acid by TLR7 pattern recognition receptors in pDC's that respond with a lymphocyte-inducing IFNalpha response.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-13f1f7f92dab430f8628d23d7df6e731", "input": "Question: Is yes-associated protein an independent prognostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma?\nAnswer: YAP is an independent prognostic marker for overall survival and disease-free survival times of HCC patients and clinicopathologically associated with tumor differentiation and serum AFP level. It is a potential therapeutic target for this aggressive malignancy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-65ad898badbf4dc5a0df358e98cc0845", "input": "Question: Does the Manchester Triage System provide good reliability in an Australian emergency department?\nAnswer: The MTS is a reliable system of triage in the emergency department.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a05860305405415aa93455b8d62ca796", "input": "Question: Does serial bedside B-type natriuretic peptide strongly predict prognosis in acute coronary syndrome independent of echocardiographic abnormalities?\nAnswer: In ACS, bedside BNP levels predict CV events at 10 months, independent of many echocardiographic abnormalities including LVH. Furthermore, our study suggests that an additional 7 weeks post ACS BNP enhances risk stratification over and above a one-off high BNP at baseline.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-532fb12e5f894ce2853a2bae3f04c766", "input": "Question: Do both host and graft vessels contribute to revascularization of xenografted human ovarian tissue in a murine model?\nAnswer: Host and graft vessels contributed sequentially to graft revascularization: murine angiogenesis initiated reperfusion from day 5 and, by day 10, human angiogenesis was shown to participate in graft revascularization. Host and graft angiogenesis are potential targets to reduce the avascular period after grafting.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-85ced663d4fe4eb89930f5e62d96760f", "input": "Question: Do combined effects of obesity and type 2 diabetes contribute to increased breast cancer risk in premenopausal women?\nAnswer: Obesity and type 2 diabetes, owing to their effects on adipocytokines and inflammatory mediators, contribute to increased breast cancer risk in premenopausal women. This study emphasizes healthy life style and better management of these metabolic disorders to avoid the pathogenesis of breast cancer and of other chronic diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-912c4d89571647249b0a343404671673", "input": "Question: Is addition of rituximab associated with survival benefit compared with CHOP alone for patients with stage I diffuse large B-cell lymphoma?\nAnswer: CHOP alone could be as effective as R-CHOP regimen and additional radiotherapy would be necessary for stage I or stage I non-bulky DLBCL patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-874e6ee7780f46e48294daa0eb7b2619", "input": "Question: Is higher education associated with a better rheumatoid arthritis outcome concerning for pain and function but not disease activity : results from the EIRA cohort and Swedish rheumatology register?\nAnswer: In Sweden, with tax-financed, generally accessible healthcare system, RA patients with a high education level experienced less pain and less functional disability. Further, these patients achieved pain remission more often during the first year receiving standard care. Importantly, education background affected neither time to referral to rheumatologists, disease activity nor anti-rheumatic treatments.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2896c6df86cd4355b2fdd07ec002a32a", "input": "Question: Does eGCG attenuate Uric Acid-Induced Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Responses by Medicating the NOTCH Pathway?\nAnswer: In summary, our findings indicated that Notch-1 plays an important role in the UA-induced inflammatory response, and the downregulation of Notch-1 by EGCG could be an effective approach to decrease inflammation and oxidative stress induced by UA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-10293ff7269d4693bf3a09a91caf3117", "input": "Question: Is dNA-methylation in C1R a prognostic biomarker for acute myeloid leukemia?\nAnswer: Analysis of DNAm at C1R provides a simple, robust, and cost-effective biomarker to further complement risk assessment in AML.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-775eb0a184b743468ca2acf6426a0b70", "input": "Question: Is prediction of critical weight loss during radiation treatment in head and neck cancer patients dependent on BMI?\nAnswer: Pre-treatment BMI, tumor site and stage predicted weight loss above 5 % in HNSCC patients during radiotherapy. BMI should be considered when analyzing weight loss in HNSCC patients receiving curative radiotherapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-af8122de9a534f9dac79295fcb55f059", "input": "Question: Does pRL-3 promote gastric cancer migration and invasion through a NF-\u03baB-HIF-1\u03b1-miR-210 axis?\nAnswer: PRL-3 regulates microRNA in gastric cancer. PRL-3 elevates hsa-miR-210 by upregulating HIF-1\u03b1. PRL-3 activates a NF-\u03baB-HIF-1\u03b1-miR-210 axis by enhancing the phosphorylation of p65. PRL-3 promotes cell migration and invasion via the NF-\u03baB-HIF-1\u03b1-miR-210 axis. High levels of PRL-3 and miR-210 are related with poor OS in gastric cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-031186e6da9c43dea8c4617ec19249e6", "input": "Question: Do calcium Signaling Pathway Genes RUNX2 and CACNA1C Are Associated With Calcific Aortic Valve Disease?\nAnswer: This integrative genomic study confirmed the role of RUNX2 as a potential driver of AS and identified a new AS susceptibility gene, CACNA1C, belonging to the calcium signaling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-667a2640a8d14368be5fe95bf2053751", "input": "Question: Does a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor but not Incretins suppress Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Angiotensin II-Infused Apolipoprotein E-Null Mice?\nAnswer: DPP-4I, MK0626, but not native incretins has protective effects against AAA in Ang II-infused Apoe\uff0d/\uff0d mice via suppression of inflammation, proteolysis, and fibrosis in the aortic wall.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-44b8d0c5028d4332a7f4fa7cf7651cac", "input": "Question: Do lack of Acute Hand Care in the Southwest United States?\nAnswer: Patients transferred for acute hand care were young and male, and traveled an average 51 miles to get to our center. More than half of these patients were treated and discharged from our ED. This indicates that a majority may have been managed in a clinic setting. Most EDs in our region do not have a hand surgeon available. Most emergency physicians surveyed had received little training in management of acute hand injuries and hand infections. Further research is needed to identify methods to remove barriers to provision of care for patients with hand trauma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-edf3f68399b44ec7b400719cc437374b", "input": "Question: Is nedd4L expression decreased in ovarian epithelial cancer tissues compared to ovarian non-cancer tissue?\nAnswer: Nedd4L protein expression may be an independent prognostic marker of ovarian cancer development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f7d824e5793e4375a1a35d5b3faa0d1a", "input": "Question: Is osteopontin a proximal effector of leptin-mediated non-alcoholic steatohepatitis ( NASH ) fibrosis?\nAnswer: OPN overexpression in NASH enhances leptin-mediated fibrogenesis via PI3K/Akt. OPN neutralization significantly reduces NASH fibrosis, reinforcing the potential utility of targeting OPN in the treatment of patients with advanced NASH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3552447f50134de389768fea477a6541", "input": "Question: Does a20 suppress hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation and metastasis through inhibition of Twist1 expression?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that A20 plays a negative role in the development and progression of HCC probably through inhibiting Twist1 expression. A20 may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for HCC patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2de815210a774362a452869100381f39", "input": "Question: Does endothelial \u03b2-Catenin Signaling be Required for Maintaining Adult Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity and Central Nervous System Homeostasis?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate the prerequisite role of endothelial \u03b2-catenin in maintaining the integrity of adult BBB. The results suggest that BBB dysfunction secondary to defective \u03b2-catenin transcription activity is a key pathogenic factor in hemorrhagic stroke, seizure activity, and central nervous system inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-63395af4745a4826a2163764e4f345ae", "input": "Question: Is unplanned return to operating room after lower extremity arterial bypass an independent predictor for hospital readmission?\nAnswer: Readmission after lower extremity bypass surgery is a serious complication. Various factors put a patient at high risk for readmission. Return to the operating room, wound infection, amputation, deep venous thrombosis, and major reintervention on bypass are independent risk factors for hospital readmission. Return to the operating room is associated with a 5.95-fold increase in hospital readmission.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d15daed44204720af0ec9aa0b2bd3b0", "input": "Question: Does aganglionosis with the absence of hypertrophied nerve fibres predict disease proximal to rectosigmoid colon?\nAnswer: The absence of nerve fibre hypertrophy in the presence of aganglionosis on rectal biopsy specimens is predictive of long-segment HSCR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5108614b55b544c4a124d71b1d709292", "input": "Question: Does prevalence and correlate of Hazardous Drinking among Female Sex Workers in 13 Mexican Cities?\nAnswer: Findings support the high prioritization by public health authorities of alcohol prevention and treatment programs for FSWs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cedc1232608b48f290cc13ed52cbd0a9", "input": "Question: Is twin vaginal delivery associated with lower umbilical arterial blood pH of the second twin and less intrapartum blood loss?\nAnswer: Twin vaginal deliveries were associated with slightly but significantly lower UmA-pH of the second twin, whereas twin cesarean delivery was associated with significantly larger intrapartum blood loss. Not only the neonatal risk but also the maternal risk should be taken into account when an optimal delivery mode for the twin pregnancy is considered.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca9ff4e5262b4e008bcd6d9bfcb2cab5", "input": "Question: Does microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1-Derived PGE2 inhibit Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Calcification?\nAnswer: Our data revealed the pivotal role of COX-2-mPGES-1-PGE2 axis in vascular calcification. The selective inhibition of COX-2 or mPGES-1 may increase the risk of calcification and subsequent adverse cardiovascular events during chronic renal failure.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-67b057d7e2b94a01b5b9303310318a0d", "input": "Question: Does [ MicroRNA-33a regulate the invasion of cervical cancer cells via targeting Twist1 ]?\nAnswer: Twist1 is critical for the invasiveness of cervical cancer cells; miR-33a, as a tumor suppressor gene, functions as an upstream regulator of Twist1 and is involved in the invasiveness of cervical cancer cell.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-03066327fb194bf098b8abc05a8b76b2", "input": "Question: Does [ MiRNA-381 inhibit the invasion of renal carcinoma and the underlying mechanisms ]?\nAnswer: MiRNA-381 can inhibit cell invasion in renal cancer by block the function of CBP, \u03b2-catenin and LEF-1.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a3ba8b5dad944ae5b1fc7fe77098a8e6", "input": "Question: Does deletion of aquaporin-4 in APP/PS1 mice exacerbate brain A\u03b2 accumulation and memory deficits?\nAnswer: These results suggest that AQP4 attenuates A\u03b2 pathogenesis despite its potentially inflammatory side-effects, thus serving as a promising target for treating AD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-298996d6dc1b46c2b74edb09a1d5deda", "input": "Question: Does umbilical cord gene expression reveal the molecular architecture of the fetal inflammatory response in extremely preterm newborns?\nAnswer: The FIR expression signature in UC tissue contains molecular clues about signaling pathways that trigger FIR, and it is consistent with an acute inflammatory response by fetal innate and adaptive immune systems, which participate in the pathogenesis of neonatal brain damage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9122983ddb640ef8b450c2d6bcb0beb", "input": "Question: Does active Maintenance of the Gradient of Refractive Index be Required to Sustain the Optical Properties of the Lens?\nAnswer: The cellular physiology of the lens actively maintains its optical properties and inhibiting the Na/K/ATPase induces a myopic shift in vision similar to that observed clinically in patients who go on to develop cataract.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8304864450414795bbfa5ebb8f4eafbd", "input": "Question: Are higher levels of procoagulant microparticles in women with recurrent miscarriage associated with antiphospholipid antibodies?\nAnswer: cMPs in women with RM are not associated with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-86fafc90feea490c8eeecc503db0eb17", "input": "Question: Is meis2 essential for cranial and cardiac neural crest development?\nAnswer: Meis2-null mice are embryonic lethal. Our results reveal a critical role of Meis2 during cranial and cardiac neural crest cells development in mouse.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6e570b2fb4e24a6cb6a0a5ccf7a63fb9", "input": "Question: Does endostatin exert radiosensitizing effect in non-small cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting VEGFR2 expression?\nAnswer: Endostatin induces apoptosis and enhances radiosensitivity of the VEGFR2 high-expressing cell line Calu-1, but it has a limited effect on the VEGFR2 low-expressing cell line A549.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0cadb8902614ae9905b352c140930fc", "input": "Question: Does software-Based Hybrid Perfusion SPECT/CT provide Diagnostic Accuracy When Other Pulmonary Embolism Imaging Is Indeterminate?\nAnswer: Q-SPECT/CT improves the diagnostic rate with promising accuracy in diagnosing PE that yields a satisfactory clinical verdict, especially when the CTPA and planar V/Q scan are indeterminate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-74dcb06b0b664411af7b494cf06fe793", "input": "Question: Does impaired GLP-1 signaling contribute to reduced sensitivity to duodenal nutrients in obesity-prone rats during high-fat feeding?\nAnswer: Susceptibility to obesity coupled with HF feeding results in rapid impairments in nutrient-induced satiation through blunted responses in endogenous GLP-1 and hindbrain vagal afferent signaling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-46fdd5fbda1f4266b53e9bf117212de9", "input": "Question: Does fasudil alleviate traumatic optic neuropathy by inhibiting Rho signaling pathway?\nAnswer: The present study demonstrates that fasudil inhibits the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells and ameliorates damages of optic nerves in traumatic optic neuropathy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ecb241894b9a407e83fee3d8ad1bb9c7", "input": "Question: Does eRR\u03b1 be a Marker of Tamoxifen Response and Survival in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer?\nAnswer: Taken together, these data show that ERR\u03b1 expression predicts response to tamoxifen treatment, and ERR\u03b1 could be a biomarker of tamoxifen sensitivity and a prognostic factor in TNBC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd1b82f59291458da0e10bb2850eff4f", "input": "Question: Does microRNA-340 mediate Metabolic Shift in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Targeting Glucose Transporter-1?\nAnswer: The findings suggest that miR-340 might act as a molecular switch that contributes to the regulation of glycolysis in OSCC by regulating Glut1 expression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0f21fe1a6d342ae9bd7c2e7c5dd894e", "input": "Question: Does estrogen receptor \u03b1 ( ESR1 ) IVS1-397T > C polymorphism lower risk of fracture?\nAnswer: The meta-analysis demonstrates that risk of fracture seems likely to be decreased due to IVS1-397 CC or CT genotype.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-322f9ce784914e6faa96bc2e871dd9b6", "input": "Question: Is willis-Ekbom disease associated with poor cardiovascular health in adults?\nAnswer: In adult Amerindians, although obesity and body mass index were associated with WED/RLS on univariate analyses, the association was not present after adjustment for confounders. No other significant associations were found between WED/RLS and AHA cardiovascular metrics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8c819fa2e65b4edf9fec810d49eb6a81", "input": "Question: Is idiopathic Cam Morphology Caused by Subclinical Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis : An MRI and CT Study?\nAnswer: The proximal femoral growth plate normally has a posterior tilt that becomes more anterior through maturation. Idiopathic cam morphology has a drastically different growth plate tilt angle than cam morphology secondary to SCFE, suggesting that a majority of idiopathic cam morphology is not the result of subclinical SCFEs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-21fbed835fa945fdb62bc9de2d23e725", "input": "Question: Does tNF accelerate Death of Mandibular Condyle Chondrocytes in Rats with Biomechanical Stimulation-Induced Temporomandibular Joint Disease?\nAnswer: Unilateral anterior crossbite stimulation induces mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis of articular chondrocytes. TNF accelerated the unilateral anterior crossbite induced chondrocytes apoptosis via death-receptor pathway. However, anti-TNF therapy does not prevent cartilage loss in this model of temporomandibular joint.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0f4affd2ccb840f7a5e39b3cf017903c", "input": "Question: Does g-8 indicate overall and quality-adjusted survival in older head and neck cancer patients treated with curative radiochemotherapy?\nAnswer: G-8 is indicative of quality-adjusted survival, and should be considered at time of treatment decisions for the older HNCA patient.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c6b67e6e7a374974a65f8e2ea42e8715", "input": "Question: Does an environmental route of exposure affect the formation of nanoparticle coronas in blood plasma?\nAnswer: This work shows how a self-assembling protein, class II hydrophobin HFBII, with interesting biocompatible coating properties, strongly adsorbs on polystyrene NPs. HFBII is also shown to reduce aggregation of the NPs in human plasma which can increase their bioavailability with potential use in biomedical applications. The results here are also of significance for understanding possible interactions of NPs with living organisms. Hydrophobins are secreted in large quantities into the environment by fungi and this work shows how the biological environment of NPs determines the surface and colloidal properties of the particles by forming a protein corona, and that the history of the particle environment, here simulated with hydrophobin exposure, affects both plasma protein corona formation and dispersion behavior. This work thus simulates how alternative exposure routes affect nanoparticle properties, important in understanding the biological fate of NPs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-72aeea3a9e6f41088cf5fc9d42fcff33", "input": "Question: Does combining carbon ion irradiation and non-homologous end-joining repair inhibitor NU7026 efficiently kill cancer cells?\nAnswer: These results suggest that inhibitors targeting the NHEJR pathway could significantly enhance radiosensitivity of human cancer cells to C ion irradiation, rather than targeting the HRR pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9885980058624e0da1ab1abfda089d4d", "input": "Question: Does microRNA profiling unveil hyperglycaemic memory in the diabetic heart?\nAnswer: Glycaemic control is not able to rescue hyperglycaemia-induced alterations of miRNA landscape in the diabetic heart. These findings may provide novel insights to understand why diabetic cardiomyopathy progresses despite normalization of blood glucose levels.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3681c1b06ba142c7bd5c2d8123f1b040", "input": "Question: Does tSG101 Silencing suppress Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Growth by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Autophagic Cell Death?\nAnswer: TSG101 plays an important role in the development of HCC and may be a target for molecular therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f6b0059201748ffa0c129332fac05b1", "input": "Question: Is concomitant lamotrigine use associated with decreased efficacy of the ketogenic diet in childhood refractory epilepsy?\nAnswer: Lamotrigine treatment during KD is associated with a decreased efficacy of the KD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eec3d0b9985d474d84fab8ff86cffa8a", "input": "Question: Do macrophages dictate the progression and manifestation of hypertensive heart disease?\nAnswer: Macrophages mediate the development of hypertension, LVH, adverse cardiac remodeling, and fibrosis. Macrophages, therefore, should be considered as a therapeutic target to reduce the adverse consequences of hypertensive heart disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a2b35c0a5f649a881f2527b3c16066c", "input": "Question: Are procedure Delays and Time of Day Associated With Reductions in Quality of Screening Colonoscopies?\nAnswer: Procedure delays and measured factors associated with fatigue, including time of day and multiple procedure blocks, do not reduce the odds of detecting an adenoma. Adenoma detection varies widely among providers, so efforts to improve adenoma detection should focus mainly on optimizing physician skill.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4b829780d36477da9b03779adaf287a", "input": "Question: Do surgical management of damaged inferior alveolar nerve caused by endodontic overfilling of calcium hydroxide paste?\nAnswer: The results of this case series confirmed the notion that surgical management of the inferior alveolar nerve is effective in the treatment of nerve injuries caused by endodontic extrusion of calcium hydroxide paste. Delayed surgical repair of the inferior alveolar nerve can be indicated and helpful for the neurosensory recovery of damaged IAN, however, the surgical management was less effective in case of widespread nerve injuries.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9424995dc5c643d3ac2d97c4c9707eba", "input": "Question: Is standards and guidelines for observational studies : quality in the eye of the beholder?\nAnswer: The lack of observational study standard/guideline agreement may contribute to variation in study conduct; disparities in what is considered credible research; and ultimately, what evidence is adopted. A common set of agreed on standards/guidelines for conducting observational studies will benefit funders, researchers, journal editors, and decision makers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bda3303a3c4342a4a80ab5cb82e2c185", "input": "Question: Does isorhamnetin protect mice from lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via the inhibition of inflammatory responses?\nAnswer: Isor showed efficient protective effects on an LPS-induced ALI model. MAPKs and NF-\u03baB pathways are critical for Isor to perform its protective effects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f535f18a0e28446abca9829eeb7ceb64", "input": "Question: Does the ileal bile acid transporter inhibitor A4250 decrease serum bile acids by interrupting the enterohepatic circulation?\nAnswer: A4250 is well tolerated. By blocking ileal bile acid transporter in the terminal ileum, it highly efficiently interrupts the enterohepatic circulation of BAs, and should be of benefit to patients with cholestatic liver diseases. Clinical Trial registration EudraCT 2013-001175-21.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-31af9f6a44ca40b6903d0109392fd3d7", "input": "Question: Is narrow band CE-Chirp auditory steady-state response more reliable than the conventional ASSR in predicting the behavioral hearing threshold?\nAnswer: NB CE-Chirp ASSR generally revealed more favorable outcomes. However, its reliability was reduced at lower frequencies and in patients with milder hearing loss.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8af54c154e1e420ea4b4b19f55954aaa", "input": "Question: Are infectious diseases associated with carotid intima media thickness in adolescence?\nAnswer: The SAPALDIA Youth study complements current evidence on infectious origins of atherosclerosis in adults. The larger effects observed in boys may relate to a higher vulnerability of the vasculature and/or to infectious pathogens. Our data are suggestive of an early impact of childhood infectious diseases on vascular health.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dbcf1f7582774664a16185ff886c2aee", "input": "Question: Do apolipoprotein E-deficient rats develop atherosclerotic plaques in partially ligated carotid arteries?\nAnswer: The ApoE(-/-) rat is a novel model for dyslipidemia and could also be used in the research of atherosclerosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff6c5b8c981b44fba5b6fa2ddc5e99b4", "input": "Question: Do dual inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-B and Mdm2 enhance the antitumor effect of radiation therapy for pancreatic cancer?\nAnswer: Combination therapy of radiation with nafamostat mesilate exerts enhanced anti-tumor effect against human pancreatic cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f8d03155010e4bf38fe860864beb723c", "input": "Question: Does apelin-13 protect the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury through the RISK-GSK-3\u03b2-mPTP pathway?\nAnswer: The protective mechanism of apelin-13 might be that inactivation of GSK-3\u03b2 could inhibit the opening of mPTP by activating PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 involved in the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c6de11e1f7b449b78789bafa5abd483f", "input": "Question: Do simultaneous multi-slice readout-segmented echo planar imaging for accelerated diffusion-weighted imaging of the breast?\nAnswer: SMS rs-EPI yields similar ADC values and SNR compared to conventional rs-EPI at markedly reduced scan time. Thus, SMS excitation increases the clinical applicability of rs-EPI for DWI of the breast.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fa7d625b80de416ba6c86e57ae16bacd", "input": "Question: Does minimally Invasive Pancreaticoduodenectomy Improve Use or Time to Initiation of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Patients With Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: At a national level, MI-PD does not result in greater use or earlier initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy. As surgeons and institutions continue to gain experience with this complex procedure, it will be important to revisit this benchmark as a justification for its increasing use for patients with pancreatic cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8439a841589c4451966b9279a4c978fe", "input": "Question: Does notch-1 promote breast cancer cells proliferation by regulating LncRNA GAS5?\nAnswer: Notch-1 promotes breast cancer cells proliferation by regulating LncRNA GAS5.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d1d8c9ebddc46d9a0ffcbf98081eda5", "input": "Question: Does steroid treatment resolve acute respiratory failure in patient transferred for ECMO?\nAnswer: In the right patient population, IV steroid treatment can avoid further deterioration of end-stage respiratory failure.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2959fc1ca59a44feaba0aa0ece6a5c38", "input": "Question: Do term neonates with infection and shock display high cortisol precursors despite low levels of normal cortisol?\nAnswer: Septic newborn infants with therapy-resistant hypotension had very high DHEA levels, suggesting that 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity limited the rate of cortisol synthesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-395ebd05b6c24b43b92e90f4f5aacced", "input": "Question: Does aging be Accompanied by a Blunted Muscle Protein Synthetic Response to Protein Ingestion?\nAnswer: Aging is associated with the development of muscle anabolic inflexibility which represents a key physiological mechanism underpinning sarcopenia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7c50e10c598943cf823d0b7bacfbc172", "input": "Question: Are polymorphisms of estrogen metabolism-related genes ESR1 , UGT2B17 , and UGT1A1 associated with osteoporosis in surgically menopausal Japanese women?\nAnswer: These results suggest that the ESR1, UGT2B17, and UGT1A1 polymorphisms are not genetic factors affecting osteoporosis in postmenopausal Japanese women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fe79a63d20643648270c532168c93ba", "input": "Question: Does up-regulation of serum miR-744 predict poor prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma?\nAnswer: Serum miR-744 was up-regulated in NPC patients. Higher expression level of serum miR-744 was closely correlated with was associated with poor prognosis in NPC and it might be employed as a potential biomarker for predicting the clinical outcome of NPC patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-54c31c9933b44e97afa027ea5a6c05c0", "input": "Question: Does resting-state functional network connectivity in prefrontal regions differ between unmedicated patients with bipolar and major depressive disorders?\nAnswer: As patients were unmedicated, the sample sizes were relatively small, although they were comparable to those in previous fMRI studies comparing BD and MDD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-04c48309ee024e88b32754e077d9c483", "input": "Question: Does 2D cine DENSE with low encoding frequencies accurately quantify cardiac mechanics with improved image characteristics?\nAnswer: For 2D cine DENSE with through-plane dephasing, the encoding frequency can be lowered to 0.04\u00a0cycles/mm without compromising the quantification of twist or strain. The amount of wrapping can be reduced with this lower value to greatly simplify the input to unwrapping algorithms. The strain and twist results from studies using different encoding frequencies can be directly compared.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-87f5f42ceced405685ec49062652bf00", "input": "Question: Does linc00152 promote proliferation in gastric cancer through the EGFR-dependent pathway?\nAnswer: We first found that Linc00152 could promote tumor growth through EGFR-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway which may serve as potential targets for therapy in the future.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb081d1b32774f9b94a63c6bd0f681a0", "input": "Question: Does novel Manganese-Porphyrin Superoxide Dismutase-Mimetic widen the Therapeutic Margin in a Preclinical Head and Neck Cancer Model?\nAnswer: MnBuOE widens the therapeutic margin by decreasing the dose of radiation required to control tumor, while increasing normal tissue resistance to RT-mediated injury. This is the first study to quantitatively demonstrate the magnitude of a single drug's ability to radioprotect normal tissue while radiosensitizing tumor.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d7e278251494506ac85bcb5c6ce92bd", "input": "Question: Are serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase and Ferritin Related to Insulin Resistance : A Population-Based Study?\nAnswer: Insulin resistance is associated with elevated serum GGT and ferritin. A combined determination of GGT and ferritin might lead to better predictions in patients with insulin resistance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cbc11e345ae44cc1b37a1fa662f2255e", "input": "Question: Do [ Experience in the use of high-frequency selective percutaneous rhizotomy in trigeminal neuralgia associated with multiple sclerosis ]?\nAnswer: These data confirm that PHFSR is a safe, repeatable, and effective method of symptomatic neurosurgical treatment of TN associated with MS and may be recommended in the case of failure/intolerance of medication.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-739d34d09d0245e3bd1980a6d991697b", "input": "Question: Does severe cranial neuropathies caused by fall from heights in children?\nAnswer: Cranial neuropathies due to falls from heights are rare in children and are associated with high visual morbidity. Vision or ocular motility impairment, especially monocular vision loss, may be missed during acute intake to the emergency department, and a high index of suspicion is needed. Assessment of the pupillary response to light is essential.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fcb2906e2f0144e6b8ab1cf18d51513c", "input": "Question: Does med14 cooperate with brg1 in the differentiation of skeletogenic neural crest?\nAnswer: These results suggest a critical role for Mediator and BAF complex function in neural crest development, and may also clarify the nature of defects in some craniofacial abnormalities.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b7afce4f06647b6a4dad2c6b4ebf40f", "input": "Question: Do [ Long-term follow-up study of titanium implant impact on pediatric mandibular growth and development ]?\nAnswer: The titanium plants have no significant impact on the growth and development of pediatric mandible postoperatively; hence, the question on whether the titanium plates should be removed or not may be neglected. The removal operation may lead to secondary trauma; thus, performing titanium plate removal routinely is not recommended.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-184e8c4e6bb6437dbf3aadf8a29b5dde", "input": "Question: Does arjunolic acid protect against DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis-like symptoms in mice by restoring a normal cytokine balance?\nAnswer: The results indicate that AA suppresses DNCB-induced AD in mice via redox balance and immune modulation, and could be a safe clinical treatment for AD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0a98b1f6247346df996b72fa83b23471", "input": "Question: Does n2 extenuate experimental ischemic stroke through platelet aggregation inhibition?\nAnswer: N2 can improve the motor function, learning and memory ability in MCAO/R rats while reducing the infarct volume. N2 can inhibit TXA2 formation but promote PGI2, and can inhibit platelet aggregation induced by U46619 and ADP. Further, N2 inhibits thrombosis with a minor adverse effect of bleeding than Clopidogrel. In conclusion, N2 can produce the protective effect on MCAO/R brain injury through inhibiting TXA2 formation, platelet aggregation and thrombosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-542505cc83224790ab84fd78bee32908", "input": "Question: Is the differentially methylated region of MEG8 hypermethylated in patients with Temple syndrome?\nAnswer: Based on the observed MEG8-DMR DNA-hypermethylation and previously published data, we conclude that DNA-methylation of the MEG3- and MEG8-DMR is functionally dependent on the DNA-methylation pattern of the IG-DMR. The observed combination of epimutations is predicted to be associated with bi-allelic MEG3 and MEG8 expression in individuals with Temple syndrome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-020280d07aed4076a3dee90e8422b34a", "input": "Question: Does catalase improve saccharification of lignocellulose by reducing lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase-associated enzyme inactivation?\nAnswer: Oxidative inactivation of commercial cellulase mixtures is a significant factor influencing the overall saccharification efficiency and the addition of catalase can be used to protect these mixtures from inactivation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a779f4a825ce435aadf796e7236aba9e", "input": "Question: Does purpose in life predict allostatic load ten years later?\nAnswer: The current study provides the first empirical evidence for the long-term physiological correlates of life purpose and supports the hypothesis that self-health locus of control acts as one proximal psychological mechanism through which life purpose may be linked to positive biological outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b230e8bb7b974fda955f7b4d7631a1ff", "input": "Question: Do gene-expression patterns in peripheral blood classify familial breast cancer susceptibility?\nAnswer: Together, these findings suggest that gene-expression levels in peripheral blood cells reflect genomic variation associated with breast cancer risk and that such data have potential to be used as a non-invasive biomarker for familial breast cancer risk.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ced31817080428797757811e7debfeb", "input": "Question: Is previous chronic cerebral infarction predictive for new cerebral ischemia after carotid endarterectomy?\nAnswer: The results of the present study suggest that preoperative chronic cerebral ischemia may aggravate postoperative newly developed cerebral ischemia in patients undergoing CEA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b5688c14aab44b38aa0afbdeea444834", "input": "Question: Does miR-362-5p promote the malignancy of chronic myelocytic leukaemia via down-regulation of GADD45\u03b1?\nAnswer: miR-362-5p acts as an oncomiR that down-regulates GADD45\u03b1, which consequently activates the JNK1/2 and P38 signalling. This finding provides novel insights into CML leukaemogenesis and may help identify new diagnostic and therapeutic targets.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-279fa36cf22743539062550be043016a", "input": "Question: Is rs219780 SNP of Claudin 14 Gene Related to Clinical Expression in Primary Hyperparathyroidism?\nAnswer: rs219780 SNP of CLDN14 does not appear to be a risk factor for the development of PHPT nor does it seem to influence the clinical expression of PHPT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-725dfa9e691848fdb69ad1863a7553a7", "input": "Question: Is a Functional Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism in Pre-microRNA-196a2 Associated with Atrial Fibrillation in Han Chinese?\nAnswer: Our data support that the pre-miR-196a2 polymorphism is associated with AF, and the C allele is a risk factor for AF.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f088b22f0dc64ed6980fa4ca1fbedb16", "input": "Question: Does first-Trimester Maternal Abdominal Adiposity predict Dysglycemia and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Midpregnancy?\nAnswer: Elevated first-trimester VAT and TAT depth independently predicted the risk of dysglycemia later in pregnancy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-19eb832bc5564d02bed8127070d7cdc1", "input": "Question: Is neurodegeneration in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and motor neurone disease associated with expansions in C9orf72 linked to TDP-43 pathology and not associated with aggregated forms of dipeptide repeat proteins?\nAnswer: Degeneration and loss of anterior horn cells associated with expansions in C9orf72 occurs in the absence of DPR, and implies that changes involving loss of nuclear staining for and a cytoplasmic aggregation of TDP-43 are more likely to be the cause of this.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-41cf5efb42344139859c3cf3aae1bb71", "input": "Question: Is lamin A/C deficiency an independent risk factor for cervical cancer?\nAnswer: Lamin A/C deficiency may serve as an independent risk factor for CIN development and as an indicator for preventive therapy in cervical cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dab897969d1a4ef994760f8e1e70595c", "input": "Question: Does plasmid DNA Vaccine Co-Immunisation modulate Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses Induced by Intranasal Inoculation in Mice?\nAnswer: These data suggest that while IN inoculation alone elicits both cellular and humoral responses, co-administration with homologous DNA vaccination can tailor these towards a more balanced Th1/Th2 phenotype modulating the cellular cytokine profile while eliciting high-levels of antigen-specific antibody. This work provides insights on how to generate differential immune responses within the same vaccination visit, and supports co-immunisation with DNA and protein by a mucosal route as a potential delivery strategy for HIV vaccines.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f9e3bedfc0844558bd7bef404f3c205c", "input": "Question: Does active lifestyle in childhood and adolescence prevent obesity development in young adulthood?\nAnswer: An active lifestyle throughout childhood and adolescence could prevent obesity development in young adulthood.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5a4304784794f78b7adfb2ff07d441a", "input": "Question: Is increased BST2 expression during simian immunodeficiency virus infection a determinant of disease progression in rhesus monkeys?\nAnswer: The detected relationship between BST2 expression and viral load as well as with MX1 indicate a common regulation by the interferon response and suggest rather limited influence of BST2 in vivo on the disease outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-60ab0d7d13104d3288e3c40e13238ce4", "input": "Question: Is gut colonization with methanobrevibacter smithii associated with childhood weight development?\nAnswer: Presence and higher counts of M. smithii in the gut of children are associated with higher weight z-scores, higher BMI z-scores, and overweight.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9cd8b5a6086d4c4b8dbf756ba032186c", "input": "Question: Is sequential brief neuropsychological evaluation of migraineurs identical to controls?\nAnswer: Interictal migraineurs and controls performance is identical in a brief cognitive battery focused on executive functions. Repeated applications produced a practice effect that was quantified.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e0858f18d16b442a9246fa3fa3b1e426", "input": "Question: Does a transient ischemic environment induce reversible compaction of chromatin?\nAnswer: These studies exemplify the dynamic capacity of chromatin architecture to physically respond to environmental conditions, directly link cellular energy status to chromatin compaction and provide insight into the effect ischemia has on the nuclear architecture of cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-717d8664baac4c7082f195f66ce10bf9", "input": "Question: Does a novel aspirin prodrug inhibit NF\u03baB activity and breast cancer stem cell properties?\nAnswer: These results establish GTCpFE as a prototype for novel ASA-and fumarate-based anti-inflammatory drugs that: (i) are capable of targeting CSCs, and (ii) may be developed as chemopreventive or therapeutic agents in breast cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e203db65d194197a5ded96b280d48e6", "input": "Question: Is tRPC1 required for survival and proliferation of cochlear spiral ganglion stem/progenitor cells?\nAnswer: The results suggest that TRPC1 might serve as an essential molecule in regulating the proliferation of spiral ganglion SPCs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e3a7d3f510ae4e13a95f2d79b0664f21", "input": "Question: Is all that blood is not schistosomiasis : experiences with reagent strip testing for urogenital schistosomiasis with special consideration to very-low prevalence settings?\nAnswer: Reagent strip testing for microhaematuria remains a good proxy for urogenital schistosomiasis, but implications of test results and scope of application differ depending on the setting in which reagent strips are employed. In very-low prevalence settings, microhaematuria is an unstable proxy for urogenital schistosomiasis and treatment decision should not be based on reagent strip test results alone. Our findings underscore the need for highly accurate diagnostic tools for settings targeted for elimination of urogenital schistosomiasis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-30e064055b1b41f58806a7881a7c5043", "input": "Question: Is body mass index associated with higher Gleason score and biochemical recurrence risk following radical prostatectomy in Chinese men : a retrospective cohort study and meta-analysis?\nAnswer: The present study suggested that higher BMI was an independent risk factor for a higher Gleason score, as well as an independent predictor of BCR after radical prostatectomy in Chinese patients. Meta-analysis of Asian studies also indicated that obese patients, although without statistical significance, might be more likely to suffer from BCR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-234136b6e38842448c600ae59977590e", "input": "Question: Does the Natural Time Course of Membrane Alterations During Peritoneal Dialysis be Partly Altered by Peritonitis?\nAnswer: On top of the natural course of peritoneal function, peritonitis episodes to some extent influence the time-course of small-solute and fluid transport-especially the transport of solute-free water. Those modifications increase the risk for overhydration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-90a2fb7b574b4430af4f1260f2b4882f", "input": "Question: Is radiographic measurement of the posterior femoral offset precise?\nAnswer: The conventional radiologic technique for the measurement of the posterior femoral offset cannot be reliably used either for pre-TKA planning of the posterior femoral resection and antero-posterior sizing of the femoral component, or for post-TKA quality control of the reconstruction of the posterior femoral offset.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1be35d700d0e43deb4113690f2d8e221", "input": "Question: Do poor Muscle Strength and Low Physical Activity Are the Most Prevalent Frailty Components in Community-Dwelling Older Adults?\nAnswer: Poor muscle strength was the most prevalent frailty component and was closely associated with physical activity, suggesting that training programs may revert or prevent the frailty process.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4cc367a0de5f4b40b5ce1a082c6e08ae", "input": "Question: Does aCL Graft Position affect in Situ Graft Force Following ACL Reconstruction?\nAnswer: Anatomic ACL reconstruction exposes grafts to higher loads at lower angles of knee flexion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d17e35057cd45c6a7884971191ff956", "input": "Question: Does dBD-F induce apoptosis in gastric cancer-derived cells through suppressing HIF2\u03b1 expression?\nAnswer: From our findings we conclude that DBD-F (i) is cytotoxic to gastric cancer-derived cells and (ii) can induce apoptosis in these cells via the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. In addition, our findings strongly indicate that DBD-F can inhibit HIF2\u03b1 expression by affecting the phosphorylation status of MEK/ERK in gastric cancer-derived cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bafdc8c23286461f93b95adc54073b7b", "input": "Question: Does an engineered cryptic Hxt11 sugar transporter facilitate glucose-xylose co-consumption in Saccharomyces cerevisiae?\nAnswer: Hxt11 is a cryptic sugar transporter of S. cerevisiae that previously has not been associated with effective d-xylose transport. Mutagenesis of Hxt11 yielded transporters that show a better affinity for d-xylose as compared to d-glucose while maintaining high transport rates. d-glucose and d-xylose co-consumption is due to a redistribution of the sugar transport flux while maintaining the total sugar conversion rate into ethanol. This method provides a single transporter solution for effective fermentation on lignocellulosic feedstocks.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-31295a3671f64fb2b3bb699716b24a8a", "input": "Question: Is laparoscopy Safe and Accurate to Evaluate Peritoneal Surface Metastasis Prior to Cytoreductive Surgery?\nAnswer: Diagnostic laparoscopy is a safe, feasible, and accurate staging tool in patients with suspected peritoneal metastases being considered for CRS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-94ef42cc6d3a45f69f50ee1d21c83a3e", "input": "Question: Is highest power magnification with narrow-band imaging useful for improving diagnostic performance for endoscopic delineation of early gastric cancers?\nAnswer: HM-NBI is useful for improving diagnostic performance for endoscopic delineation of early gastric cancers, following CE and LM-NBI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d657539fc3043aa8ada57087b8c9d4f", "input": "Question: Does semaphorin 3a transfection into the left stellate ganglion reduce susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction in rats?\nAnswer: Semaphorin 3a overexpression in the LSG ameliorates the inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias after MI, mainly through attenuation of neural remodelling within the cardiac-neuraxis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-40350f9456704eb4832f1c518f47d60e", "input": "Question: Is liposarcomatous differentiation in malignant phyllodes tumours unassociated with MDM2 or CDK4 amplification?\nAnswer: This study examined molecular changes in the well-differentiated liposarcomatous components of MPT. Despite histological similarity to well-differentiated liposarcoma of soft tissues, liposarcomatous differentiation in MPT lacks the molecular phenotype characteristic of extramammary well-differentiated liposarcoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef3ae077bf544967a6eb0d4c22b8f6a1", "input": "Question: Does citrus limonoid nomilin inhibit osteoclastogenesis in vitro by suppression of NFATc1 and MAPK signaling pathways?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates clearly that nomilin has inhibitory effects on osteoclastic differentiation in vitro. These findings indicate that nomilin-containing herbal preparations have potential utility for the prevention of bone metabolic diseases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-506923f0454f4c09b6434c93fab0ea97", "input": "Question: Does strong Notch activation hinder bevacizumab efficacy in advanced colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: A potential role of Notch activation in the antitumor activity of bevacizumab could be hypothesized.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4dff281a3b540558597c3969d396efe", "input": "Question: Does intermittent hypoxia induce disturbances in craniofacial growth and defects in craniofacial morphology?\nAnswer: This study is the first to identify growth retardation of the craniofacial bones in an animal model of sleep apnea. Notably, 3 weeks of IH can induce multiple changes in the bones around the upper airway in pubertal rats, which can enhance upper airway narrowing and the development of OSA. The reproducibility of these results supports the validity and usefulness of this model. These findings also emphasize the critical importance of morphometric evaluation of patients with OSA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-04d69be5b3f24cccadb908b900974aa7", "input": "Question: Does inferior vena cava collapsibility lose correlation with internal jugular vein collapsibility during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure?\nAnswer: IJV and IVC collapsibility correlated during spontaneous breathing but there was no statistically significant correlation during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure. Increased intra-abdominal pressure was associated with a significant smaller maximal IVC diameter and cautions the reliability of IVC diameter in clinical settings that are associated with intra-abdominal hypertension or abdominal compartment syndrome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7090c0d50d584808a00dbf1e7ec2ad41", "input": "Question: Does the direction of cross affect [ corrected ] obesity after puberty in male but not female offspring?\nAnswer: Parent-of-origin effects during gametogenesis and/or fetal development in an obese mother epigenetically modify the transcription of genes that lead to enhanced fatty acid synthesis and impair \u03b2-oxidation in the liver of male, but not female F1 offspring. Down-regulation of Peg3 could contribute to trigger this metabolic setting. At puberty, higher amounts of the androgen receptor and altered access to estrogen response elements in affected genes are likely responsible for male specific expression of genes that were epigenetically triggered. A suggestive lack of estrogen binding motifs was found for highly down-regulated genes in adult hepatocytes of obese F1 males (p\u2009=\u20090.074).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-380ca016794642f293ed1c657bc84e5f", "input": "Question: Do prenatal and postnatal markers of severity in congenital diaphragmatic hernia have similar prognostic ability?\nAnswer: These data suggest that prenatal evaluation was equivalent to the postnatal diaphragmatic defect classification for predicting survival and need for ECMO in CDH patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-629aa21081fb4f43a9fcb745ff919518", "input": "Question: Does autophagy Inhibitor 3-MA weaken Neuroprotective Effects of Posttraumatic Brain Injury Moderate Hypothermia?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that the autophagy pathway is involved in the neuroprotective effect of post-TBI hypothermia and negative modulation of apoptosis may be 1 possible mechanism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b4889ab70d81423d9904d69ca3235deb", "input": "Question: Does disruption of Physiological Balance Between Nitric Oxide and Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarization impair Cardiovascular Homeostasis in Mice?\nAnswer: These results indicate that excessive endothelium-derived NO with reduced EDH impairs cardiovascular homeostasis in mice in vivo.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4fd924d4bb744f7e8033b74263e6d99f", "input": "Question: Does phosphoinositide 3-kinase-\u03b4 regulate fungus-induced allergic lung inflammation through endoplasmic reticulum stress?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that PI3K-\u03b4 regulates Af-induced steroid-resistant eosinophilic allergic lung inflammation through ER stress.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f9f346a52914198ad142c0569f0a9c4", "input": "Question: Does neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus persist despite attenuation of systemic disease in MRL/lpr mice?\nAnswer: Chimeric MRL/+\u2009\u2192\u2009MRL/lpr mice displayed no attenuation of the behavioral phenotype found in MRL/lpr mice, despite normalized serum autoantibodies and conserved renal function. Therefore, neuropsychiatric disease in the MRL/lpr lupus-prone strain of mice can occur absent any major contributions from systemic autoimmunity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cc9c63b0995946e7bbd8bce168101786", "input": "Question: Are notch1/3 and p53/p21 a potential therapeutic target for APS-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated that APS-treated could inhibit proliferation and promote cell apoptosis, at least partially, through suppressing the expression of notch1 and notch3 and up-regulating the expression of tumor suppressors in H460 NSCLC cell lines.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9491fbf7d4584b2aa8fdbb58c27a9b56", "input": "Question: Does presence of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Suspicious Lesion predict Gleason 7 or Greater Prostate Cancer in Biopsy-Naive Patients?\nAnswer: Prostate MRI should be considered prior to biopsy in all patients presenting with clinical suspicion for PCa, as presence of a MSR will help guide prebiopsy counseling and provide an opportunity for MRI targeting during biopsy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-73610c383b104bf38b233b2f732832f7", "input": "Question: Does a novel two-step genome editing strategy with CRISPR-Cas9 provide new insights into telomerase action and TERT gene expression?\nAnswer: We develop a two-step CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing strategy to introduce precise modifications at the endogenous TERT locus in human cell lines. This method provides a useful tool for studying telomerase biology, and suggests a general approach to edit loci with low targeting efficiency and to purify and visualize low abundance proteins.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e0b9bf7b73148ee9927c5b122a57be8", "input": "Question: Are variations in the high-mobility group-A2 gene ( HMGA2 ) associated with idiopathic short stature?\nAnswer: Besides the already known role in determining variability in human height, HMGA2 polymorphisms also contribute to susceptibility to ISS. Moreover, we here report the first mutation screening performed in ISS concluding that HMGA2 has not a significant impact on the monogenic form of ISS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-69f84c2c58df4e13a2450e25bc3fc730", "input": "Question: Is relatively Large Cervical Spinal Cord for Spinal Canal a Risk factor for Development of Cervical Spinal Cord Compression : A Cross-Sectional Study of 1211 Subjects?\nAnswer: The spinal cord diameter was independent of the spinal canal diameter and the relative size of a spinal cord and spinal canal differed on an individual basis. In addition, the ratio of spinal cord/dural sac in subjects with SCC was significantly larger. Therefore, a relatively large spinal cord could be a risk factor for SCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-96827094aa9a4d24a4a7b14890dfa291", "input": "Question: Are we also interested in how fathers feel : a qualitative exploration of child health center nurses ' recognition of postnatal depression in fathers?\nAnswer: This study contributes to an increased awareness of hindrances to the recognition of PND in fathers. The importance to detect all signals of paternal health status in fathers suffering from PND needs to be acknowledged. Overall, more attention needs to be paid to PND in fathers where a part of the solution for this is that they are screened just like the mothers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa6c85eae42047d1ae8036e11168232e", "input": "Question: Does changing Default Fluoroscopy Equipment Settings decrease Entrance Skin Dose in Patients?\nAnswer: Radiation safety training protocols improved clinical knowledge but did not significantly alter fluoroscopy time. Changing equipment default settings to intermittent pulse rate (12 frames per second) and half-dose lowered the entrance skin dose by 30% across all endourology patients but most significantly during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. To limit patient radiation exposure fluoroscopy default settings should be decreased before all endourology procedures and image equipment manufacturers should consider lowering standard default renal settings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-82876ed02c4b49a0a228bf1c5f1a8739", "input": "Question: Does monosialotetrahexosylganglioside inhibit the Expression of p-CREB and NR2B in the Auditory Cortex in Rats with Salicylate-Induced Tinnitus?\nAnswer: These data suggest that chronic salicylate administration induces tinnitus via upregulation of p-CREB and NR2B expression, and that GM1 can potentially be used to treat tinnitus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3a2884bce3e644c381d04932ce711a97", "input": "Question: Does gPR39 activate proliferation and differentiation of porcine intramuscular preadipocytes through targeting the PI3K/AKT cell signaling pathway?\nAnswer: It indicated that GPR39 was a transducer of Zn(2+), and enhanced proliferation and differentiation of porcine intramuscular preadipocytes through activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2f3d9223839b4c678c04166df043e9a5", "input": "Question: Do composite Measures of Individual and Area-Level Socio-Economic Status Are Associated with Visual Impairment in Singapore?\nAnswer: In this community-based sample of Asian adults, both individual- and area-level SES were independently associated with the presence and severity of VI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1ce69d09db64431bcafef9d3954dc58", "input": "Question: Does neuromuscular electrical stimulation-assisted gait increase muscle strength and volume in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy?\nAnswer: Eight weeks of daily NMES-assisted gait increases muscle volume and strength of the stimulated ankle dorsiflexors in children with unilateral spastic CP. These changes are use-dependent and do not carry over after the 8-week treatment period. Gastrocnemius volume also increased post-treatment with carryover at week 14.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e35cc13844624514ba0f18937a7c03bd", "input": "Question: Do a Thalamic-Fronto-Parietal Structural Covariance Network Emerging in the Course of Recovery from Hand Paresis after Ischemic Stroke?\nAnswer: Chronic phase of sensorimotor cortical stroke has been characterized by a large scale co-varying structural network in the ipsilesional hemisphere associated specifically with sensorimotor hand skill. Its expression is related to GMV increase of md thalamus, one constituent of the network, and correlated with the cortico-striato-thalamic loop involved in control of motor execution and higher order sensorimotor cortices. A close relation between expression of this network with degree of recovery might indicate reduced compensatory resources in the impaired subgroup.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b558f225c6c462e854199d391cb8a5e", "input": "Question: Is immediate post-traumatic pulmonary embolism associated with right ventricular dysfunction?\nAnswer: Early post-traumatic PE appears to be associated with fewer RV physiologic changes than late post-traumatic PE and may be representative of primary pulmonary thrombosis. It remains to be seen whether early CT findings of PE should be managed according to previously established guidelines for embolic disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dfc8a1f075794aa9b52ffa4ae308b64d", "input": "Question: Do integrative Mouse and Human Studies Implicate ANGPT1 and ZBTB7C as Susceptibility Genes to Ischemic Injury?\nAnswer: Genetic variations of ANGPT1 and ZBTB7C are associated with increased infarct size in both mice and humans. ZBTB7C may modulate the ischemic response via neuronal apoptosis and dynamic collateralization and, in addition to ANGPT1, may serve as potential novel targets for treatments of cerebral ischemia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-20376886b05a4ca49be7fe546be188ef", "input": "Question: Is anti-HIV-1 activity determined by \u03b2-galactosidase activity in the multinuclear activation of an indicator assay comparable with that by a conventional focus counting method?\nAnswer: Antiviral activities of inhibitors for entry obtained from both enzymatic and counting methods appear to be comparable, even in infection of a highly syncytia inducible HIV-1IIIB strain.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8a13799141b42478a10605e5a721d6b", "input": "Question: Is overexpression of miR-210 Associated with Poor Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia?\nAnswer: MiR-210 up-regulation was associated with poor prognosis in AML and it might be useful as a marker for predicting the clinical outcome of AML patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7bb59ab55b2b4ff5aca9e68ae96f9da9", "input": "Question: Do influence of the Number of Predicted Words on Text Input Speed in Participants With Cervical Spinal Cord Injury?\nAnswer: For persons with low-cervical SCI, a small number of words should be displayed, or WPS should not be used at all. For persons with high-cervical SCI, a larger number of words displayed increases the comfort of use of WPS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-03ed0e6321c74e72a4a3f8ca6c07e32f", "input": "Question: Does fEV1/FEV6 in Primary Care be a Reliable and Easy Method for the Diagnosis of COPD?\nAnswer: FEV1/FEV6 <0.72 can be used in primary care as a valid alternative to FEV1/FVC <0.70 as a fixed cutoff point for the detection of COPD in adults. This study suggests that FEV1/FEV6 is an effective and well validated option that should be used in primary care to detect COPD, which is a rampant problem.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea869eb77d13472aba4dbf85d8200107", "input": "Question: Are myopia and/or longer axial length protective against diabetic retinopathy : a meta-analysis?\nAnswer: This meta-analysis suggests that both myopic refraction and longer AL are associated with a lower risk of DR. Further studies are needed to determine exact mechanisms underpinning the protective effect of myopia against DR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a817adf2cfc949f7936d149ee4d8d729", "input": "Question: Does acid ceramidase treatment enhance the outcome of autologous chondrocyte implantation in a rat osteochondral defect model?\nAnswer: The results further demonstrate the positive effects of rhAC treatment on chondrocyte growth and phenotype in vitro, and reveal for the first time the in vivo effects of the treated cells on cartilage repair.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-745202a0c00b4330aa0f5012365c22b6", "input": "Question: Does maternal high-fat hypercaloric diet during pregnancy result in persistent metabolic and respiratory abnormalities in offspring?\nAnswer: Maternal nutrition in pregnancy is a critical determinant of airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in offspring and also increases risk for bronchiolitis independent from prepregnancy nutrition.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f2aa5173ce054ac89274960577715c95", "input": "Question: Does substance P mediate pro-inflammatory cytokine release form mesenteric adipocytes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients?\nAnswer: Preadipocyte SP-NK-1R interactions during IBD may participate in IBD pathophysiology. The ability of human preadipocytes to release IL-17A in response to SP together with increased IL-17A receptor in IBD colon opens the possibility of a fat-colonic mucosa inflammatory loop that may be active during IBD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-83807774146a40888cbbe1d8edbe7c47", "input": "Question: Is beta-blocker use associated with lower stroke and death after carotid artery stenting?\nAnswer: Postprocedural hypertension and hypotension that require treatment are both strongly associated with periprocedural stroke/death after CAS. Beta blockers significantly reduce the stroke/death risk associated with carotid stenting and should be investigated prospectively for potential use during CAS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b391b324a93242d784f66322b564f7c8", "input": "Question: Does atorvastatin improve cardiac function of rats with chronic cardiac failure via inhibiting Rac1/P47phox/P67phox-mediated ROS release?\nAnswer: Atorvastatin may improve cardiac function of rats with heart failure via inhibiting Rac1/P47phox/P67phox-mediated ROS release.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4cba81ad3171453da5bb57c1254b6063", "input": "Question: Is insomnia associated with suicide attempt in middle-aged and older adults with depression?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that insomnia may be more strongly associated with suicidal behavior than with the presence of suicidal thoughts alone. Accordingly, insomnia is a potential treatment target for reducing suicide risk in middle-aged and older adults.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4364ccaad79843069603418ac1381df9", "input": "Question: Do increased homocysteine levels exist in women with preeclampsia from early pregnancy?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that higher homocysteine levels exist in women with PE from early pregnancy and continue till delivery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a75bf96b531e4804b59c7008404f454c", "input": "Question: Is small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Associated with Intestinal Inflammation in the Irritable Bowel Syndrome?\nAnswer: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is present in almost one quarter of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. It is significantly associated with intestinal inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6221318395c64e2783a880d51c9621e7", "input": "Question: Is detection of anal dysplasia enhanced by narrow band imaging and acetic acid?\nAnswer: Anal SIL in the anal transitional zone and anal canal can be identified by NBIA. Patient selection influences findings. Limitations include small sample size and non-randomization.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a2054377d4c4c7380d87c9a3df9f27f", "input": "Question: Does the renin-angiotensin system promote arrhythmogenic substrates and lethal arrhythmias in mice with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy?\nAnswer: Renin inhibition or genetic deletion of AT1aR suppresses pathological cardiac remodelling that leads to the generation of substrates maintaining VT/VF and reduces the occurrence of sudden death in dnNRSF-Tg mice. These findings demonstrate the significant contribution of RAS activation to the progression of arrhythmogenic substrates.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-edb45dc4c3d3416981b841a6d0f43e0d", "input": "Question: Do combined Tumor Suppressor Defects Characterize Clinically Defined Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancers?\nAnswer: Clinically defined AVPC share molecular features with SCPC and are characterized by combined alterations in RB1, Tp53, and/or PTEN.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e67e1b9689149819afb8756fdf566af", "input": "Question: Does aggressive Aortic Arch and Carotid Replacement Strategy for Type A Aortic Dissection improve Neurologic Outcomes?\nAnswer: An algorithmic approach to TAAD including (1) rapid transport-to-incision-to-cardiopulmonary bypass established centrally, (2) neurocerebral monitoring, (3) liberal use of total arch replacement for clearly defined indications (and hemiarch for all others), and (4) common carotid arterial replacement for concomitant carotid dissections significantly improves outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d9865a70972448b9f4ffcf0e632b28c", "input": "Question: Does karyopherin Alpha 2 promote the Inflammatory Response in Rat Pancreatic Acinar Cells Via Facilitating NF-\u03baB Activation?\nAnswer: KPNA2-facilitated p65 nuclear translocation promotes NF-\u03baB activation and inflammation in acute pancreatitis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6fe172cc1c174e18aa92bd1002b2810d", "input": "Question: Does prevalence and correlate of Myocardial Scar in a US Cohort?\nAnswer: The prevalence of myocardial scars in a US community-based multiethnic cohort was 7.9%, of which 78% were unrecognized by electrocardiography or clinical evaluation. Further studies are needed to understand the clinical consequences of these undetected scars.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d163ea0d6b23447a99fb76148f200d95", "input": "Question: Is radiologic evidence that hypothalamic gliosis associated with obesity and insulin resistance in humans?\nAnswer: These findings link hypothalamic gliosis to insulin resistance in humans and suggest that the link is independent of the level of adiposity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-36dd12771eef4574904f6b9c873c43b1", "input": "Question: Does sERPINE1 rs1799768 polymorphism contribute to sepsis risk and mortality?\nAnswer: In conclusion, the meta-analysis suggests that there are significant associations between SERPINE1 rs1799768 polymorphism and risk of sepsis and sepsis mortality.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a3b5cb9a2a1414fa44bb881f7cf7c03", "input": "Question: Do the reasons students choose to undertake a nursing degree?\nAnswer: Nursing remains a career of choice for young and mature students entering university. It is seen to provide security, interest and opportunity to help and care for others. Universities must focus on this as they develop programmes for a generation where multiple changes of career appear inevitable during their lifetime. The nursing profession needs to look at career pathways after graduation that provide these challenges within nursing itself.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e85174739acd4ba49b9ac5c425cef69a", "input": "Question: Do treatment of Renal Stones \u226520 mm with Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy?\nAnswer: For renal stones with a surface area \u2264400 mm2 and a radiodensity equal to or less than that of the 12th rib as determined by a KUB film, ESWL may be considered the first line of treatment, even for stones with a diameter \u226520 mm. For large stones requiring repeat treatments, the surface area of the residual stones after the first ESWL is a predictor of the final treatment result.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4248a13463344177ae922951e79c341f", "input": "Question: Are colonic Diverticula Associated With an Increased Risk of Colorectal Adenomas?\nAnswer: Patients with colonic diverticula do not have an increased risk of colorectal adenomas or advanced adenomas.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-18b9a8ef4d464af7bcadd2eb14d426fb", "input": "Question: Does the ALK/ROS1 Inhibitor PF-06463922 overcome Primary Resistance to Crizotinib in ALK-Driven Neuroblastoma?\nAnswer: The next-generation ALK/ROS1 inhibitor PF-06463922 exerts unparalleled activity in ALK-driven neuroblastoma models with primary crizotinib resistance. Our biochemical and in vivo data provide the preclinical rationale for fast-tracking the development of this agent in children with relapsed/refractory ALK-mutant neuroblastoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd084017afc84b24a8f781df23dfc8f7", "input": "Question: Does plasmalogen modulation attenuate atherosclerosis in ApoE- and ApoE/GPx1-deficient mice?\nAnswer: Plasmalogen enrichment via batyl alcohol supplementation attenuated atherosclerosis in ApoE- and ApoE/GPx1-deficient mice, with a greater effect in the latter group. Plasmalogen enrichment may represent a viable therapeutic strategy to prevent atherosclerosis and reduce cardiovascular disease risk, particularly under conditions of elevated oxidative stress and inflammation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b19808429af741d3a53c25f34558cdd5", "input": "Question: Do the synergistic effects of shear stress and cyclic hydrostatic pressure modulate chondrogenic induction of human mesenchymal stem cells?\nAnswer: Differentiation of ASCs was shown by a modest increase in gene expression profiles. In general, BSCs expressed higher levels of chondrogenic gene expression than ASCs after 3 weeks. A greater effect on Col II and SOX9 mRNA expression was observed when combined loadings were applied. Results may be applied in determining the proper loading sequence for obtaining functional target cells in cartilage engineering applications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-287be16e93d24dd78a7e706f12c01c9d", "input": "Question: Does tNF-\u03b1 suppression and osteoprotegerin overexpression inhibit wear debris-induced inflammation and osteoclastogenesis in vitro?\nAnswer: Lenti-siTNF\u03b1-OPG can inhibit the wear debris-induced inflammatory responses and osteoclastogenesis in vitro, and may represent a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment or prevention of wear particle-induced osteolysis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-66814ff0ea514804a8620ec0828bcbd0", "input": "Question: Is a high-performance liquid chromatography method for the serotonin release assay equivalent to the radioactive method?\nAnswer: The HPLC-SRA has robust performance characteristics, equivalent to the historic radioactive method, but avoids the complexities of working with radioactivity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad0129baa5974924a295b5d6cc468a76", "input": "Question: Does cFTR Knockdown induce proinflammatory changes in intestinal epithelial cells?\nAnswer: Collectively, these data underscore the role played by CFTR in regulating the intestinal inflammatory responses. Such findings lend support to the theory that CFTR exerts functions that may go beyond its role as a chloride channel whereby its disruption may prevent cells to optimally respond to exogenous or endogenous challenges. These observations are of particular interest to CF patients who were found to display alterations in their intestinal microbiota, thus predisposing them to pathogens that may elicit exaggerated inflammatory responses.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d68eb9ebc92544c0b54c62d3e0119f10", "input": "Question: Are sarcopenia and inflammation independent predictors of survival in male patients newly diagnosed with small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: In SCLC, sarcopenic male patients with high NLR have a poor prognosis and do not tolerate standard treatment. Intensive supportive care is needed in these patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ecdf1e5170714919b586e817ba26075c", "input": "Question: Does matrix Metalloproteinase-12 induce Blood-Brain Barrier Damage After Focal Cerebral Ischemia?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate the adverse role of MMP-12 in acute brain damage that occurs after ischemic stroke and, thereby, suggesting that MMP-12 suppression could be a promising therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4119d07be59e4f388ad49f6c38db4421", "input": "Question: Does rotigotine Transdermal Patch Make Parkinson Disease Patients Sleepy During Daytime?\nAnswer: Twenty four-hour transdermal delivery of rotigotine at doses up to 8 mg/24 hours does not worsen the daytime sleepiness in PD patients and often improves it when switched from other non-ergot DAs. This is achieved together with satisfactory improvement in motor symptoms, demonstrating that this new modality of non-ergot DA is well tolerated and beneficial in PD patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-12ca460358f245f797bc3620f1557a2d", "input": "Question: Are plasma levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide confounded by impaired kidney function and poor metabolic control?\nAnswer: Plasma levels of TMAO are confounded by impaired kidney function and poor metabolic control but are not associated with the history, presence or incidence of symptoms or events of coronary heart disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e8e4b3920184997bc66e255796722a6", "input": "Question: Does deep brain stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex cause reorganization of neuronal processes and vasculature?\nAnswer: Our work demonstrates that DBS not only works by altering function with neural circuits, but also by structurally altering circuits at the cellular level. Neuroplastic alterations may play a role in mediating the clinical efficacy of DBS therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b05cdde5cd374396a61cdd937e230752", "input": "Question: Does the structure of Resuscitation promoting factor B from M. tuberculosis reveal unexpected ubiquitin-like domains?\nAnswer: The crystal structure of RpfB3D provides the first structural characterization of a DUF348 domain and revealed an unexpected structural relationship with ubiquitin. The crystal structure also provides specific structural features of these domains explaining their frequent association with G5 domains.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a2a9a611f19488dbda9fa7fa0e486ac", "input": "Question: Do serotoninergic antidepressants positively affect platelet ADAM10 expression in patients with Alzheimer 's disease?\nAnswer: More studies on the positive effects of serotonergic antidepressants on ADAM10 platelet expression should be performed in order to understand its biological mechanisms and to verify whether these effects are reflected in the central nervous system. This work represents an important advance for the study of AD biomarkers, as well as for more effective pharmacological treatment of patients with AD and associated depression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6c2e6b3d3ba74cfca528a8ea5eea2b1a", "input": "Question: Do male and female runners demonstrate different sagittal plane mechanics as a function of static hamstring flexibility?\nAnswer: Hamstring flexibility results in different mechanical profiles in males and females. Flexibility in the hamstrings may result in decreased moments via active or passive tension. These differences may have implications for performance and injury in flexible female runners.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d838a7b8e1aa434dbfbd90f7c0cddd8d", "input": "Question: Does miR-27 impair the adipogenic lineage commitment via targeting lysyl oxidase?\nAnswer: Taken together, these results suggest a novel role for miR-27 in repressing adipogenic lineage commitment by targeting Lox.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab9beeda5e8141dc92745f895583e507", "input": "Question: Do normal limits for serum thyrotropin vary greatly depending on method?\nAnswer: Different normalization methods alter the normal limits greatly. However, in individuals without thyroid illness, thyroid hormone values are stable over a wide range of TSH levels including beyond the UNL for all methods. Indeed, there may be no true universal upper TSH cut-off level and clinical decision-making cannot rely on these calculated limits.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c90b33cb7b194f4697803df35de6e485", "input": "Question: Is breast reconstruction with the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap a reliable alternative in slim patients?\nAnswer: The DIEP flap provides adequate volume for unilateral breast reconstruction in slim patients, both in immediate and delayed settings. However, in delayed reconstructions slim patients need to be informed about the increased risk of donor-site complications. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 36:552-558, 2016.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-15b0ec21ff7447489f26fc297221bc0d", "input": "Question: Does distance to Thrombus in Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion predict Target Mismatch and Ischemic Penumbra?\nAnswer: DT correlates inversely with Tmax perfusion deficits and mismatch volumes and acts as an independent predictor of target mismatch.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c2d1ab5079c4a5eaeed898390665719", "input": "Question: Do primary and Revision Posterior Lumbar Fusion Have Similar Short-Term Complication Rates?\nAnswer: This study suggests that revision posterior lumbar fusion does not carry significantly increased risk of complications or readmission compared with a primary posterior lumbar fusion. Patients undergoing revision surgery were more likely to receive a blood transfusion. This information suggests that general health risk stratification for revision procedures can be similar to that considered for primary cases.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6eb924111a624348ac81192aac19d813", "input": "Question: Do chemotherapeutic agents attenuate CXCL12-mediated migration of colon cancer cells by selecting for CXCR4-negative cells and increasing peptidase CD26?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that conventional anticancer agents may act to inhibit chemokine-mediated migration through eradication of CXCR4+ cells and attenuation of chemokine gradients through elevation of CD26 activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a821c920905044999c553e3de6908ba5", "input": "Question: Do ficus religiosa L. bark extracts inhibit human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infection in vitro?\nAnswer: The results of the present study demonstrate that F. religiosa L. is endowed with antiviral activity against RSV and HRV in vitro. Further work remains to be done to identify the active components and to assess the therapeutic potential in vivo.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d3e060391a24b06870690edb1c82bdc", "input": "Question: Does recent developments in electronic alert for acute kidney injury?\nAnswer: As e-alerts gain popularity, consideration must be given to both the method of AKI detection and the method by which results are communicated to end-users; these aspects influence the degree of these systems' effectiveness. This approach should be coupled to further work to study the effect on patient outcomes of those interventions that have been demonstrated to influence clinician behaviour.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3eac7a0288af4a51a88a50fb9c2bc0e4", "input": "Question: Do high Glucose Concentrations Suppress the Proliferation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells and Their Differentiation Into Osteoblasts?\nAnswer: The results of this study demonstrate that hyperglycemia inhibits human PDLSC proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-61b0de31561e4d07bb4d58590614cfc4", "input": "Question: Does ethanolic Ginkgo biloba leaf extract prevent renal fibrosis through Akt/mTOR signaling in diabetic nephropathy?\nAnswer: GbE can prevent renal fibrosis in rats with diabetic nephropathy, which is most likely to be associated with its abilities to inhibit the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-56b34fc1e2124d8eb26bf5aa4e85b2d1", "input": "Question: Does p15 ( INK4b ) regulate cell cycle signaling in hippocampal astrocytes of aged rats?\nAnswer: These observations suggest p15(INK4b) is expressed at a steady level in neonatal and adult rat hippocampal astrocytes with no effect on cell cycle regulation. Importantly, aged astrocyte cell cycle regulation was significantly affected by high expression levels of p15(INK4b) suggesting a role for p15(INK4b) in cell cycle regulation when it is expressed at high but not moderate or low levels in hippocampal astrocytes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dc9117932eaf453dbebb7213a8eb3443", "input": "Question: Are ovarian stem cells always accompanied by very small embryonic-like stem cells in adult mammalian ovary?\nAnswer: VSELs have remained poorly studied till now because of their very small size and rare occurrence. Spinning cells obtained after enzymatic digestion of ovarian tissue at a speed of 1000G (rather than 1200\u00a0rpm) throughout processing allows reliable detection of the VSELs by flow cytometry. VSELs exist in aged, chemoablated and non-functional ovary and providing a healthy niche to support their function offers an interesting strategy to manage infertility.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e20a11f95de46ae820dda892f7e032e", "input": "Question: Does asfotase Alfa Treatment improve Survival for Perinatal and Infantile Hypophosphatasia?\nAnswer: Asfotase alfa mineralizes the HPP skeleton, including the ribs, and improves respiratory function and survival in life-threatening perinatal and infantile HPP.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5bb8504b18b416da23d1f83727287db", "input": "Question: Is a gain-of-function mutation in the cardiac pacemaker HCN4 channel increasing cAMP sensitivity associated with familial Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia?\nAnswer: This is the first report of a gain-of-function HCN4 mutation associated with IST through increased sensitivity to cAMP-dependent activation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ea70f9bc7c243cd8875ecb8b3f64a77", "input": "Question: Are standardized clinical pathways for esophagectomy a reality in Brazil , even with a high prevalence of esophageal cancer and achalasia?\nAnswer: The prevalence of standardized protocols and specialized teams is very low in Sao Paulo state, Brazil. The presence of specialized surgeons is a reality and standardized protocols related directly to surgeons have higher frequency than those related to other professionals in the multidisciplinary team.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-717b3ebb797b45cbb18cfc8c4a13c7d8", "input": "Question: Do rabbit nucleus pulposus cells facilitate differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into nucleus pulposus-like cells?\nAnswer: In some condition, ADSCs have the potency to differentiate toward nucleus pulposus-like cells. ADSCs are better seed cells for tissue engineering of artificial nucleus pulposus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4802aabd64bb4922a7b8969fba59d45b", "input": "Question: Are c-termini essential and distinct for nucleic acid binding of human NABP1 and NABP2?\nAnswer: Biochemical evidence suggests that the C-terminal region of NABP1 and NABP2 is essential for their functionality and may lead to different roles in DNA and RNA metabolism.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-96f54d29c5514432829fbc4bb34c3052", "input": "Question: Is the localisation of the apical Par/Cdc42 polarity module specifically affected in microvillus inclusion disease?\nAnswer: Our findings indicate that the loss of Myo5B induces a strong loss of enterocyte polarity, potentially leading to polarity inversion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3be2196390a24816a23c5c7ef90c9957", "input": "Question: Does [ SNACK HIGH WHEY PROTEIN improve THE LEVEL OF SATIETY AND REDUCES APPETITE HEALTHY WOMEN ]?\nAnswer: snacks with less energy density and rich in protein (yogurt with PSL) improve the control of appetite, satiety and reduces food intake in healthy women later.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ee738359b6342cd996c72e8d493283f", "input": "Question: Is amazonian delicacy tucupi as erosive as a cola-based soft drink?\nAnswer: Besides the most worldwide appreciated cola-based soft drink, the greatly consumed Amazonian delicacy tucupi can be considered a potential risk factor for tooth erosion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2a8e17ea4b7645e08e41e55811e48038", "input": "Question: Do instructions influence response to the Chinese version of the Movement-Specific Reinvestment Scale in community-dwelling older adults?\nAnswer: Both the MSRS-C (general) and MSRS-C (walking) with a six-point or a four-point response format showed good discrimination of older fallers from non-fallers. Older adults might respond to the MSRS-C with respect to the most challenging movements (e.g. fall-related movements) in their daily living. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; \u25cf\u25cf: \u25cf\u25cf-\u25cf\u25cf.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-752de490ab5841ebadeb16090635920c", "input": "Question: Does abdominal compression during endoscopy ( the Bolster technique ) demonstrate hidden Schatzki rings ( with videos )?\nAnswer: The Bolster technique is a simple maneuver that can increase detection rates of Schatzki rings during endoscopy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb28df3a815b47e895ac0c14042741c1", "input": "Question: Does the pathogenic activity of anti-desmoglein autoantibodies parallel disease severity in rituximab-treated patients with pemphigus vulgaris?\nAnswer: Our findings have demonstrated the existence of non-pathogenic autoantibodies in PV patients in remission, establishing the basis for the design of a system able to precisely monitor the course of disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cdca536fa135462ca8f97746ad0e5537", "input": "Question: Is elevated preoperative plasma D-dimer level a useful predictor of chemoresistance and poor disease outcome for serous ovarian cancer patients?\nAnswer: Elevated preoperative plasma D-dimer levels were associated with chemoresistance and poor disease outcome in serous ovarian cancer patients. Further validation of this easily available parameter as a promising prognostic biomarker for patients with SOC in prospective studies should be encouraged.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b4c599da69ab40c3bb0d7bbc7353c291", "input": "Question: Is preoperative Helicobacter pylori Infection Associated with Increased Survival After Resection of Gastric Adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: Patients with and without preoperative H. pylori infection had few differences in adverse pathologic features at the time of gastric adenocarcinoma resection. Despite similar disease presentations, preoperative H. pylori infection was independently associated with improved OS. Further studies examining the interaction between H. pylori and tumor immunology and genetics are merited.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-24471dee647e4fc3b2423adbadb130f2", "input": "Question: Is plasma cholesterol related to menstrual status in adolescent girls with eating disorders and weight loss?\nAnswer: Increased plasma total cholesterol was related to amenorrhoea in adolescent girls with eating disorders and weight loss. Oestrogens appeared to mediate the effect of starvation on cholesterol, most effectively in premenarcheal girls. Re-establishing menstruation is an important goal in the treatment of eating disorders, to avoid dyslipidaemia and the risk of future cardiovascular disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e1672c94c114c5cbdc73d0522109ff0", "input": "Question: Does evodiamine inhibit the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro via repressing MMP-2 expression?\nAnswer: These findings demonstrate that evodiamine inhibits the migration and invasiveness of NPC cells, and it is probably a potential agent for the treatment of NPC invasion and metastasis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c8b5537bc2e342239e8aa49e5e6dfd7b", "input": "Question: Is [ Low expression of SLC22A1 associated with a poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma : analysis of 303 patients ]?\nAnswer: Down-regulation of SLC22A1 is a malignant feature and a potential prognostic marker of HCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d8e0833bd405436bab7e894e33f37921", "input": "Question: Do patients With Isolated PCL Injuries Improve From Surgery as Much as Patients With ACL Injuries After 2 Years?\nAnswer: Patients undergoing PCL reconstruction can expect the same improvements in KOOS score as patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. However, PCL patients start out with an inferior score on average and consequently end up at a lower score compared with ACL patients for all KOOS subscales.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f6fc99b5570e4ca08898c0ea8a0aede6", "input": "Question: Does [ Indirubin inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer PC-3 cells ]?\nAnswer: Indirubin can suppress the proliferation of androgen-independent prostate cancer PC-3 cells, which may be associated with its inhibitory effect on the cell cycle and Wnt signaling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-555d5d996d164147b52047d3a49efc47", "input": "Question: Does [ Intracytoplasmic sperm injection improve the clinical outcomes of the males with 100 % teratozoospermia ]?\nAnswer: ICSI cannot improve the clinical outcomes of the male patients with 100% teratozoospermia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-56c7135fa17e4677b234beb139dc6256", "input": "Question: Does triheptanoin dramatically reduce paroxysmal motor disorder in patients with GLUT1 deficiency?\nAnswer: Treatment with triheptanoin resulted in a 90% clinical improvement in non-epileptic paroxysmal manifestations and a normalised brain bioenergetics profile in patients with GLUT1-DS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-90ed98f5855445ae92c741eef19f2d54", "input": "Question: Are hepatic myofibroblasts derived from Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice a source of IL-5 and eotaxin : controls of eosinophil populations in vitro?\nAnswer: These results indicate that GR-MF may contribute to maintenance of local eosinophilia in schistosomal hepatic granulomas, and can function as immunoregulatory cells, besides their role in production of fibrosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6633544fcfe14db3a9b47495044751aa", "input": "Question: Does [ Single-tube Single-run Multiplex PCR detect Mixed Samples with Four Species of Plasmodium ]?\nAnswer: FP-PCR is a simple and sensitive method for detecting both single-species and mixed infections with human Plasmodium, and can be applied for malaria diagnosis, screening and monitoring.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fbd71663d80d46fc86e32d42d5475077", "input": "Question: Does apparent diffusion coefficient measurement covering complete tumor area better predict rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy?\nAnswer: The type of measurement technique significantly affected ADC results. ADC measurements covering a larger area better predicted tumor response to therapy. Post-CRT ADCs, regardless of the measurement technique, and numeric ADC change measured in the whole tumor volume accurately identified non-complete responders. Post-CRT ADCs measured in the entire tumor area yielded the highest accuracy level in tumor response evaluation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-018d47878b8b4e659bb0551c084bc544", "input": "Question: Does a new Agkistrodon halys venom-purified protein C activator prevent myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that PCA has anti-fibrotic effects and that it may be used to treat myocardial fibrosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-beb8aa7b1c3c484eaf724020dcd681d6", "input": "Question: Is real-time two-dimensional shear wave ultrasound elastography of the liver a reliable predictor of clinical outcomes and the presence of esophageal varices in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis?\nAnswer: This is the first evaluation of RT-2D-SWE as a prognostic tool in LC. Although preliminary and gathered in a limited sample, our data emphasize the potential of LS to be a reliable predictor of clinical outcomes and the presence of EV in LC patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-48a3cf3039334732b27a4837949c02d6", "input": "Question: Does porcine liver vascular bed in Biodur E20 corrosion cast?\nAnswer: Only Biodur E20\u00aePlus appeared to be suitable for high-volume vascular corrosion casting due to its optimal permeability, sufficient processing time and minimum fragility. Biodur E20\u00ae Plus is slightly elastic, radio-opaque and alcohol-resistant. These properties make this acrylic resin suitable for not only vascular research but also teaching purposes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-01d7c41193b847a8aa0040c13dcef0b0", "input": "Question: Are pregnancy-associated plasma protein a levels decreased in obstetric cholestasis?\nAnswer: In this study, the first trimester PAPP-A levels in the obstetric cholestasis cases were found to be significantly lower than the control group. Low PAPP-A levels should be a warning for obstetric cholestasis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-31e9baba00864e958fa3cf1305f2bbbd", "input": "Question: Is atrophy of type I and II muscle fibers reversible in the case of grade > 2 fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus muscle : an experimental study in rabbits?\nAnswer: Atrophy of type I and II muscle fibers in rabbit supraspinatus muscle, characterized by grade >2 fatty degeneration according to the Goutallier computed tomography classification, is reversible after 24 weeks from reattachment of its tendon. A requirement for type I and II muscle fibers hypertrophy is a change in the biomechanical and functional conditions of the muscle after its tendon is reconstructed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-59f2fee7d2b44ec492b337e6dac355ef", "input": "Question: Does pax6 influence expression patterns of genes involved in neuro- degeneration?\nAnswer: Presence of BDNF and TGF\u03b2 indicates association between them in glioblastoma-astrocytoma. Therefore, Pax6 seems to be involved directly with p53 and TGF\u03b2 mediated pathways and indirectly with redox-sensitive pathway regulation. The neurodegenerative markers S100\u03b2, GFAP, BDNF, NGN2, p73\u03b1, p73\u03b4, observed downregulated in Pax6 knockdown condition suggest Pax6-mediated regulation of these markers. Observations enlighten Pax6-mediated influences on cascades of genes involved in growth, differentiation and maturation of neurons and glia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b039ed51a5e84fdb9867888b4d1c7463", "input": "Question: Is androgen receptor status highly conserved during tumor progression of breast cancer?\nAnswer: Most primary (87 %) and metastasized (86.1 %) BCs are AR positive including a significant fraction of TNBCs (11.4 %). Further, AR status is highly conserved during tumor progression and a change only occurs in a small fraction (4.1 %). Our study supports the notion that targeting AR could be effective for many BC patients and that re-testing of AR status in formerly negative or mixed type BC's is recommended.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e200db3a818b47b3a63204202965fe74", "input": "Question: Do delays in Referral and Enrolment Are Associated With Mitigated Benefits of Cardiac Rehabilitation After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery?\nAnswer: Strategies for timely access to CR at each phase of the process are important given the negative impact that wait time has on key clinical outcomes. This is relevant because optimizing VO2peak and attendance to CR has been shown to confer a mortality advantage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2f7463c1d564efebab0b9b02cb4ea30", "input": "Question: Are neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predictors of Heart Failure?\nAnswer: NLR and PLR were higher in HF patients than in age-sex matched controls. However, NLR and PLR were not sufficient to establish a diagnosis of HF. NLR can be used to predict mortality during the follow-up of HF patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-567fd1e6ee9b4e549eabd543f8ba5e40", "input": "Question: Are tIMP1 , TIMP2 , and TIMP4 increased in aqueous humor from primary open angle glaucoma patients?\nAnswer: An imbalance among MMPs and TIMPs was found in glaucomatous aqueous humor samples, with a shift toward raised TIMP levels. This may result in the inhibition of MMP activity, leading to an altered ECM composition in the TM and thereby contributing to increased outflow resistance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b356b4af4d614c4fa85b177093884060", "input": "Question: Does kCC2 expression supersede NKCC1 in mature fiber cells in mouse and rabbit lenses?\nAnswer: NKCC1 in peripheral elongating fiber cells is superseded by KCC2 expression in interior mature fiber cells that also express >20 additional integral GABA biology genes, AMPA/NMDA glutamate receptors, and an array of accessory proteins that together underlie morphogenesis in neurons. The present findings provide further evidence that this fundamental neuronal regulation is extensively conserved in lens and identify additional parallels in the morphogenetic programs that underlie lens fiber cell and neuronal differentiation and contribute to the development of visual acuity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-15e74641fec747308f8df64280a421ce", "input": "Question: Are hCV viral load at baseline and at week 4 of telaprevir/boceprevir based triple therapies associated with virological outcome in HIV/hepatitis C co-infected patients?\nAnswer: Overall SVR12 was 63% and our results suggest that HIV/HCV coinfected patients with low HCV viral load (<800,000 IU/mL) and undetectable HCV-RNA after 4 weeks of triple therapy with TVR or BOC-based regimen have a higher probability of treatment success.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e66d218d3eb54c6495d3bb48c042d538", "input": "Question: Are the natural fenhexamid-resistant grey mould populations from strawberry in Zhejiang Province dominated by Botrytis cinerea group S?\nAnswer: B. cinerea group S isolates are widespread in all strawberry-growing locations in Zhejiang Province. The natural HydR populations from strawberry are dominated by B. cinerea group S. \u00a9 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-460400cc5a3e481e9e74da59e5ca0d27", "input": "Question: Is a 7666-bp genomic deletion frequent in Chinese Han deaf patients with non-syndromic enlarged vestibular aqueduct but without bi-allelic SLC26A4 mutations?\nAnswer: Our results suggested that the cryptic c.-2071_307+3801del7666 deletion of SLC26A4 is relatively frequent in Chinese Han non-syndromic EVA patients without bi-allelic SLC26A4 mutations. Screening of this genomic deletion should be incorporated into the routine DNA testing of SLC26A4 in Chinese Hans.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ea0d6211f154e74ac63131ed0bc8e3f", "input": "Question: Is cognitive and language performance in children associated with maternal social anxiety disorder : A study of young mothers in southern Brazil?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that children with mothers suffering from SAD have poorer cognitive abilities and language skills.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ddf1b55086e6448c8222dc02388b0256", "input": "Question: Are polymorphisms of dopamine pathway genes NRG1 and LMX1A associated with cognitive performance in bipolar disorder?\nAnswer: The risk variants of the rs35753505 SNP were associated with increased performance in several cognitive domains and IQ, whereas the risk variants of the rs11809911 SNP in LMX1A was associated with reduced IQ and memory/learning.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bfc08332a25a46d0bed01fb481cc2c93", "input": "Question: Does comparison of Xenorhabdus bovienii bacterial strain genomes reveal diversity in symbiotic functions?\nAnswer: The analyses presented here demonstrate that while general mechanisms by which X. bovienii bacterial strains interact with their invertebrate hosts are similar, the specific molecules mediating these interactions differ. Our data support that adaptation of individual bacterial strains to distinct hosts or niches has occurred. For example, diverse metabolic profiles among bacterial symbionts may have been selected by dissimilarities in nutritional requirements of their different nematode hosts. Similarly, factors involved in parasitism (e.g. immune suppression and microbial competition factors), likely differ based on evolution in response to naturally encountered organisms, such as insect hosts, competitors, predators or pathogens. This study provides insight into effectors of a symbiotic lifestyle, and also highlights that when mining Xenorhabdus species for novel natural products, including antibiotics and insecticidal toxins, analysis of multiple bacterial strains likely will increase the potential for the discovery of novel molecules.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-faf7069ad2c9417fb3d225ae7423d8f2", "input": "Question: Is the relationship between insomnia with short sleep duration associated with hypercholesterolemia : a cross-sectional study?\nAnswer: Insomnia with short sleep duration was associated with increased odds of hypercholesterolemia. Caregivers in clinical practice should watch out for the effect brought by this novel factor.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4d7326cb021433db3c419882c1f021b", "input": "Question: Does radiographic Stage Correlate With Symptom Severity in Thumb Basilar Joint Osteoarthritis?\nAnswer: Radiographic severity in TBJA does not correlate with validated patient-reported symptom scores. Metrics that link radiographic and subjective components of TBJA may improve surgical decision making and monitoring of treatment response.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-161522119d6a421fb5ae8d66c654eedb", "input": "Question: Is anal cushion lifting method a novel radical management strategy for hemorrhoids that does not involve excision or cause postoperative anal complications?\nAnswer: We consider that the ACL method might be better than all other current methods for managing hemorrhoids.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-201fccab48a84f2080ba4d124f5a9b63", "input": "Question: Do feelings of worthlessness during a single complicated major depressive episode predict postremission suicide attempt?\nAnswer: Among depressive symptoms during an MDE, feelings of worthlessness is the only significant indicator of elevated risk of suicide attempt after the episode has remitted, beyond previous suicide attempts.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-cad6ae03a8434bbd93f20b6f957a1c94", "input": "Question: Is tumor invasion depth a useful pathologic assessment for predicting outcomes in cervical squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant radiotherapy?\nAnswer: The TID or TIDC measured at the cervical internal surface is a useful and easily applied pathologic prognostic factor for distant metastasis and survival outcomes in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant RT or CCRT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-87efd89c9ed44d87a9be97007eabd259", "input": "Question: Does endoscopic Mediastinal Staging in Lung Cancer be Superior to `` Gold Standard '' Surgical Staging?\nAnswer: Combined EBUS- and EUS-guided biopsies can access more targets, including lung and distant metastasis, and thus have the potential to upstage patients compared with mediastinoscopy and change the treatment plan.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6940de2f7d974efdbab3b8c7be4158ad", "input": "Question: Is colonoscopy performance stable during the course of an extended three-session working day?\nAnswer: Colonoscopy quality does not appear to depend on time of day or queue position in an extended three-session day.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d86f1e86d305425da02f2ddc2e52e84b", "input": "Question: Does carbapenem Resistance in Non-Fermentative Bacterial Species and in Enterobacteriaceae isolate from Hospitalized Patients in Different Health-Care Settings?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrates that infections with carbapenem-resistant strains are correlated with hospitalization in intensive care units. Our data showed a predominant carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. strain in intensive care units.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e61682afbbb4522acc5a6ea59d3cba0", "input": "Question: Is quality of Life in Thyroid Cancer Similar to That of Other Cancers with Worse Survival?\nAnswer: We found the self-reported QOL of thyroid cancer survivors in our study population is overall similar to or worse than that of survivors of other types of cancer surveyed with the same instrument. This should heighten awareness of the significance of a thyroid cancer diagnosis and highlights the need for further research in how to improve care for this enlarging group of patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-554fe13c1c0c40b59c71cec1981c3f57", "input": "Question: Does motor Function be Associated With Incident Disability in Older African Americans?\nAnswer: Better motor function in older African Americans is associated with a decreased risk of developing disability. Moreover, the association of motor function and disability is stronger in individuals with better cognitive function.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-775124eb86754368ac61bc6971e68b14", "input": "Question: Does dietary Protein Intake be Protective Against Loss of Grip Strength Among Older Adults in the Framingham Offspring Cohort?\nAnswer: Higher dietary intakes of total and animal protein were protective against loss of grip strength in community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older. Increasing intake of protein from these sources may help maintain muscle strength and support prevention of mobility impairment in older adults.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b454ca00b784a7eb6a00cc19367f6b8", "input": "Question: Is carotid stiffness associated with incident stroke : a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis?\nAnswer: Carotid stiffness is associated with incident stroke independently of CV factors and aortic stiffness. In\u00a0addition, carotid stiffness improves stroke risk prediction beyond Framingham and aortic stiffness.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d02fcdebe60941bbbd90b102684b6a53", "input": "Question: Does partial-Volume Effect Correction improve Quantitative Analysis of 18F-Florbetaben \u03b2-Amyloid PET Scans?\nAnswer: The influence of PVEC on (18)F-florbetaben PET data is associated with the degree of brain atrophy. Thus, PVEC increases the ability of (18)F-florbetaben PET to discriminate between AD patients and HCs, to detect A\u03b2 plaques in the atrophic mesial temporal cortex, and potentially to evaluate changes in brain A\u03b2 load over time. As such, the use of PVEC should be considered for quantitative (18)F-florbetaben PET scans, especially in assessing patients with brain atrophy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e3bffee4dcc4fbabec959d3b7358a68", "input": "Question: Is prolonged Operative Time to Extubation a Useful Metric for Comparing the Performance of Individual Anesthesia Providers?\nAnswer: Bayesian methodology with covariate adjustment is better suited to performance monitoring than an unadjusted, nonhierarchical frequentist approach because it is less likely to identify individuals spuriously as outliers. Targeting outliers in an effort to alter operating room activities is unlikely to have an operational impact (although monitoring may serve other purposes). If change is deemed necessary, it must be made by improving the average behavior of everyone and by focusing on anesthesia providers rather than on faculty.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-27cac2eca7014ba796646d901ce765b1", "input": "Question: Are tNNT2 Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Susceptibility to Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Kazak and Han Chinese?\nAnswer: The TNNT2 polymorphisms might play an important role in susceptibility to DCM in Xinjiang Kazak and Han patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-615bd572956c4c49baf8022db033f957", "input": "Question: Does complementary Serologic Investigations in Children with Celiac Disease be Unnecessary during Follow-Up?\nAnswer: Complementary blood investigations are relevant at the time of diagnosis of CD but have little diagnostic yield during follow-up visits once the patient is placed on a gluten-free diet. Thus, we recommend that these variables only be assessed on indication, such as fatigue or abnormal growth.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-537514686d6f4c40bfe43525bc7feb60", "input": "Question: Does laboratory and dialysis characteristics in hemodialysis patients suffering from chronic itch -- result from a representative cross-sectional study?\nAnswer: Long-term follow-up studies will show if the type of dialysis membrane influences the development of CI in HD patients. It is most likely that several factors e.g. elevated parathormone, origin of end stage renal disease (ESRD), type of dialysis membrane, and a neuropathic component all contribute to the occurrence of CI in HD patients. Future research should consider a multifactorial origin of itch in HD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8becb425b9084950a7b61bcd858218ae", "input": "Question: Does proteomics of the red blood cell carbonylome during blood banking of erythrocyte concentrate?\nAnswer: Affected cellular mechanisms involve antioxidant defenses, metabolism pathways, and proteasomal degradation. To better store RBCs those functions have to be preserved, which opens new routes of investigation in transfusion medicine.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-242e4bde480d4806a07dd97c1f6edac2", "input": "Question: Does insulin combined with Chinese medicine improve glycemic outcome through multiple pathways in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: The results from our study showed that the combination therapy of SQF and insulin significantly improved the clinical outcome of type\u00a02 diabetes mellitus compared with insulin monotherapy. The mechanism of improvement was possibly involved in the multiple pathways.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-02fb822c937a4c3d9477289c87a54152", "input": "Question: Is carbohydrate intake associated with time spent in the euglycemic range in patients with type 1 diabetes?\nAnswer: Carbohydrate intake is associated with time spent in euglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-90fb7f18f8cf4eacb9aadbd74f74d758", "input": "Question: Is metabolic Syndrome Associated with Increased Postoperative Morbidity and Hospital Resource Utilization in Patients Undergoing Elective Pancreatectomy?\nAnswer: MS is an under-emphasized predictor of increased postoperative morbidity and utilization of hospital resources in patients undergoing elective pancreatectomy. The effect of MS on these postoperative outcomes appears to be more pronounced for patients with benign rather than malignant indications for pancreatectomy and in patients undergoing distal rather than proximal pancreatectomy. These results may inform patient selection, optimization of comorbidities prior to elective pancreatectomy, and strategies for postoperative management.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2d90b490a7c344d8898ed82c1d2382c4", "input": "Question: Do [ The preliminary study of the origin characters of snore in simple snorers ]?\nAnswer: The palatal fluttering is the main source of snoring sounds for most simple snorers, then followed by vibration of palatal and pharyngeal lateral wall together. The site of collapse in pharyngeal cavity is consistent with the main site of vibration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2212df4073b3420b91ce9177bc9e18c7", "input": "Question: Does mATERNAL AND POST-WEANING EXPOSURE TO A HIGH FAT DIET promote VISCERAL OBESITY AND HEPATIC STEATOSIS IN ADULT RATS?\nAnswer: the food intake did not differ among the groups, however, the relative weight of the adipose tissue was higher in animals from the HC, HH and CH groups (p \u2264 0.005). Liver steatosis was found in the CH and HH animals, which also exhibited hypercholesterolemia (p \u2264 0.05). The levels of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were higher in the HH group, and the LDL level was higher in the CH group compared to the CC. The consumption of an obesogenic diet during critical periods of development may contribute to the occurrence of visceral obesity, liver steatosis and hypercholesterolemia in adult rats, even in the absence of changes in dietary intake.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-734ac79031e84f6b817ff9dbc66e28b0", "input": "Question: Does vagus Nerve Stimulation During Rehabilitative Training improve Forelimb Recovery After Chronic Ischemic Stroke in Rats?\nAnswer: VNS paired with rehabilitative training confers significantly greater recovery of forelimb function after chronic ischemic stroke in rats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b55e6e9a78ee432e84262d106d787383", "input": "Question: Is reorganization of Azospirillum brasilense cell membrane mediated by lipid composition adjustment to maintain optimal fluidity during water deficit?\nAnswer: Azospirillum brasilense is able to perceive osmotic changes by changing the membrane fluidity. This effect is offset by changes in the composition of membrane phospholipid and FA, contributing to the homeostasis of membrane fluidity under water deficit.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-63322e3e3295483b9409e56515f947f5", "input": "Question: Is obesity associated with greater inflammation and monocyte activation among HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy?\nAnswer: Obesity was prevalent and independently associated with greater monocyte activation and systemic inflammation. Research is needed to determine how adipose tissue excess is functionally related to persistent immunologic abnormalities among HIV-infected persons with viral suppression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7c88025f27db4307ac514e6d2d351ee5", "input": "Question: Does dickkopf1 Up-Regulation Induced by a High Concentration of Dexamethasone promote Rat Tendon Stem Cells to Differentiate Into Adipocytes?\nAnswer: In conclusion, by upregulating DKK1 expression, reducing the level of P-GSK-3\u03b2 (ser9), and increasing the level of P-GSK-3\u03b2 (tyr216), Dex causes the degradation of \u03b2-catenin, the central molecule of the classical WNT pathway, thereby inducing rat TSCs to differentiate into adipocytes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2254a240b9c549129c767c627d26cfaa", "input": "Question: Is autophagy , which decreased in labouring fetal membranes , regulates IL-1\u03b2 production via the inflammasome?\nAnswer: Autophagy is decreased in fetal membranes after spontaneous labour and delivery, and PPROM. Inhibition of autophagy regulates the secretion of IL-1\u03b2 via inflammasome activation. IL-1\u03b2 is a major contributor to the pathophysiology of spontaneous preterm birth. Therefore activation of autophagy may be a potential therapeutic mechanism to delay or prevent infection-induced preterm birth.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c38c54c3c484a589668628dde5625b0", "input": "Question: Do protocol for a systematic review of quantitative burn wound microbiology in the management of burns patients?\nAnswer: Given the increasing use of quantitative methods, this is a timely systematic review, which will attempt to clarify the evidence base. As far as the authors are aware, it will be the first to address this topic.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad2b1be2952f4617a5ebc001153d9127", "input": "Question: Are longer durations of antitumour necrosis factor treatment associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?\nAnswer: Anti-TNF therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular events among patients with RA, older patients with RA and patients without prior exposure to methotrexate.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-26bb2b0cf8c144feb23d3f4cb141aa21", "input": "Question: Do serum interferon-inducible protein 10 levels predict hepatitis B s antigen seroclearance in patients with chronic hepatitis B?\nAnswer: Lower serum IP-10 level at Year 0 was the only factor associated with HBsAg seroclearance.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f3dfeb7fc5f479ca7c6538e681397dc", "input": "Question: Does single oral dose of maraviroc prevent ex-vivo HIV infection of rectal mucosa in HIV-1 negative human volunteers?\nAnswer: An ex-vivo challenge with a single oral dose of MVC does not prevent ex-vivo infection of human rectal mucosa. The lack of prophylactic efficacy observed suggests that 'on demand' MVC preexposure prophylaxis would not prevent rectal HIV-1 transmission.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5726434853e040e9a90e84bede3c6907", "input": "Question: Are high levels of serum mannose-binding lectins associated with the severity and clinical outcomes of severe traumatic brain injury?\nAnswer: Increased serum level of MBL was independently associated with head trauma severity and long-term clinical outcomes of STBI.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef5ce8f3d1224f7e85ba26ebacb1ac3c", "input": "Question: Is functional dyspepsia associated with GN\u03b23 C825T and CCK-AR T/C polymorphism?\nAnswer: TT genotype of GN\u03b23 C825T is more common among patients with FD than among HC, suggesting that increased signal transduction associated with this genotype may be important in its pathophysiology. However, CCK-AR polymorphism is protective against FD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c2066e16ae97452a88914f5d9f1c1465", "input": "Question: Is a high-fat diet associated with otitis media with effusion?\nAnswer: A high-fat diet was associated with OME and may represent a confounding factor between obesity and OME.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-12298102f8534b54ba9ce23be36efa12", "input": "Question: Do large deletions play a minor but essential role in congenital coagulation factor VII and X deficiencies?\nAnswer: Large deletions play a minor but essential role in the mutational spectrum of the F7 and F10 genes. Copy number analyses (e.\u2009g. MLPA) should be considered if sequencing cannot clarify the underlying reason of an observed coagulopathy. Of note, in cases of combined FVII/FX deficiency, a deletion of the two contiguous genes might be part of a larger chromosomal rearrangement.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0cc5525f904b47bbacdab506f15d488c", "input": "Question: Does reconstruction of the Posterolateral Corner After Sequential Sectioning restore Knee Kinematics?\nAnswer: The PFL has a key role between 30\u00b0 and 90\u00b0 of flexion, and the lateral collateral ligament plays a role in extension. Reconstruction with the modified Larson technique restores these 2 complementary stabilizers of the knee.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6832874fcd7249728c910e7e4eb3ec26", "input": "Question: Is a Fixed Flow More Effective than Titrated Flow during Bubble Nasal CPAP for Respiratory Distress in Preterm Neonates?\nAnswer: In preterm infants on bubble CPAP with set pressures of 4-6\u2009cm H2O, a fixed flow of 5\u2009L/min is more effective than a flow titrated to ensure adequate visible bubbling. It achieves higher delivered pressures, better oxygenation and ventilation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-52465f144d0d4977ade2683db24e24bc", "input": "Question: Does [ Crypotanshione reduce the expression of metadherin in DU145 prostate cancer cells ]?\nAnswer: CPT can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of DU145 prostate cancer cells, which may be associated with its suppression of the downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by reducing the expression of metadherin in the DU145 cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0583a2388f694cf2830f3e3585b92a04", "input": "Question: Does microRNA367 negatively regulate the inflammatory response of microglia by targeting IRAK4 in intracerebral hemorrhage?\nAnswer: In conclusion, our study demonstrates that miR-367/IRAK4 pathway plays an important role in microglial activation and neuroinflammation in ICH. Our finding also suggests that miR-367 might represent a potential therapeutic target for ICH.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dc8b1a14ff424011be2b6b082f649adf", "input": "Question: Is percutaneous biliary drainage oncologically inferior to endoscopic drainage : a propensity score matching analysis in resectable distal cholangiocarcinoma?\nAnswer: Compared with EBD, PTBD increases the incidence of seeding metastasis after resection for distal cholangiocarcinoma and shortens postoperative survival.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ceda989b54e04fadb809c6f0dac3f0e4", "input": "Question: Does risk factors for severe injury following indoor and outdoor fall in geriatric patients?\nAnswer: Transport to the ED by public ambulance or from another medical facility, and head and neck injury were risks for severe injury following indoor and outdoor falls in elderly subjects. Efforts to identify the risk factors for severe injury and for falling itself are important to prevent and reduce fall injuries in elderly subjects.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-edb0159300d547acaa499630843945c7", "input": "Question: Is visual impairment , but not hearing impairment , independently associated with lower subjective well-being among individuals over 95 years of age : A population-based study?\nAnswer: Visual impairment, but not hearing impairment, was independently associated with low SWB among LLIs, and functional ability may play a mediating role in the observed relationship. The findings indicate that rehabilitation targeted for those with reduced vision and functioning in long-lived populations may be important for promoting well-being and quality of life.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-782b0a7b745a4eea83493930f5217bb1", "input": "Question: Are adolescent Intermittent Alcohol Exposure : Dysregulation of Thrombospondins and Synapse Formation Associated with Decreased Neuronal Density in the Adult Hippocampus?\nAnswer: Repeated EtOH exposure during adolescence results in long-term changes in specific astrocyte signaling proteins and their neuronal synaptogenic receptor. Continued signaling by these traditionally developmental factors in adulthood may represent a compensatory mechanism whereby astrocytes reopen the synaptogenic window and repair lost connectivity, and consequently contribute to the enduring maladaptive structural and functional abnormalities previously observed in the hippocampus after AIE.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-66a0a5d88c604518a7d0eed435ceb6bc", "input": "Question: Is obstructive sleep apnea with excessive daytime sleepiness associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease regardless of visceral fat?\nAnswer: In the present study, OSA was closely associated with NAFLD in Korean adults. This association was particularly strong in those with EDS or short sleep duration regardless of VFA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4910d302f5934fb18dbdc554021c1ab6", "input": "Question: Does tobacco Use be Associated With Increased Complications After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction?\nAnswer: ACL reconstruction in patients who use tobacco is associated with significantly increased rates of infection, VTE, and subsequent ACL reconstruction compared with controls. There was no association between tobacco use and postoperative arthrofibrosis after primary ACL reconstruction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e18c449732f441b1a09c57f7bd5f0686", "input": "Question: Do chemostat culture systems support diverse bacteriophage communities from human feces?\nAnswer: Because the diversity of phages in these cultured fecal communities have similarities to those found in humans, we believe these communities can serve as valuable ecosystems to help uncover the role of phages in human microbial communities.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-91d35802253848a1a4ef512b0a6440a3", "input": "Question: Does mammalian prion protein ( PrP ) form conformationally different amyloid intracellular aggregates in bacteria?\nAnswer: Overall, our results suggest that modelling PrP amyloid formation in microbial cell factories might open an avenue for a better understanding of the structural features modulating the pathogenic impact of this intriguing protein.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09946b1fcfde401e9ece02d3c2aa5527", "input": "Question: Does the BCL11A-XL expression predict relapse in squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrated that the BCL11A-XL isoform might be a potential prognostic biomarker of SCC and LCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab94ab245c8a4e5d8f7c6c0eea5b23fd", "input": "Question: Does analysis of pulmonary function test result in a health check-up population?\nAnswer: Health check-up is an important approach for screening COPD, obstructive ventilator dysfunction, and obstructive small airway disease. Smoking cessation and controlling of relevant risk factors are helpful to lower the incidences of these conditions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c487ab98d5e245c591f362857a26e673", "input": "Question: Does notochord manipulation impact oesophageal and tracheal formation from isolated foregut in 3D explant culture?\nAnswer: The relationship between the embryonic foregut and notochord is complex and ill-defined; however, the notochord does not contribute essentially to oesophagus and trachea formation beyond E9 in the mouse, and the transplantation of additional notochord does not disrupt foregut separation in 3D explant culture.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-da153674101144b892733d37479ed0cc", "input": "Question: Does down-regulation of microRNA-155 attenuate retinal neovascularization via the PI3K/Akt pathway?\nAnswer: The results revealed that the downregulation of miR-155 attenuated retinal neovascularization via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-712a05e064734649be63e60f5b55ef38", "input": "Question: Does allergic Lung Inflammation aggravate Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Mice?\nAnswer: This study suggests a pathological link between airway allergic disease and AAA. Production of one disease aggravates the progression of the other.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3f8c90ed62f04549bee0df3544a21adb", "input": "Question: Does adjuvant Stereotactic Radiosurgery reduce Need for Retreatments in Patients with Meningioma Residuals?\nAnswer: aSRS of meningioma residuals had a positive effect on tumor control and should be considered in patients with meningioma residuals.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c93278d42f14fbfbf79cc5a9a8a084f", "input": "Question: Does intrinsic Visual-Motor Synchrony correlate With Social Deficits in Autism?\nAnswer: Our twice replicated findings confirm that visual-motor functional connectivity is disrupted in ASD. Furthermore, the observed temporal incongruity between visual and motor systems, which may reflect diminished integration of visual consequences with motor output, was predictive of the severity of social deficits and may contribute to impaired social-communicative skill development in children with ASD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f41301fa8e84311bbf466e3a3ec3e05", "input": "Question: Is elevated plasma aldosterone an independent risk factor for erectile dysfunction in men?\nAnswer: We determined that elevated plasma aldosterone concentration is an independent risk factor for ED. Our findings also indicate that the aldosterone, a well-recognized contributor to vascular injury, might be a potential bond between ED and CVD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6c942ff9afde42d2af74782b2ed7f3d1", "input": "Question: Is arterial Vasoreactivity Equally Affected by In Vivo Cross-Clamping with Increasing Loads in Young and Middle-Aged Mice Aortas?\nAnswer: Within the tested conditions, mechanical clamping induces damage to the vascular endothelium, but not to the smooth muscle cells. Age has no effect on the obtained results in mice from 10 to 40 weeks old.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-effdb10dc02f41c48a2b08effbdf8a89", "input": "Question: Does bCL3 reduce the Sterile Inflammatory Response in Pancreatic and Biliary Tissues?\nAnswer: BCL3 is up-regulated in inflamed pancreatic or\u00a0biliary tissues from mice and patients with AP or cholangitis. Its production appears to reduce the inflammatory response in these tissues via blocking ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of p50 homodimers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4574ff37ada14a2b8c7ea119a59a1839", "input": "Question: Is regular Chinese Green Tea Consumption Protective for Diabetic Retinopathy : A Clinic-Based Case-Control Study?\nAnswer: Diabetic patients who had regularly drunk Chinese green tea every week for at least one year in their lives had a DR risk reduction of about 50% compared with those who had not. Regular Chinese green tea consumption may be a novel approach for the prevention of DR.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-be5dd0f29f9744dc92ae57fa85113d66", "input": "Question: Do peak oxygen uptake during the incremental shuttle walk test in a predominantly female population with Chagas heart disease?\nAnswer: This study showed the good correlation between distance walked in ISWT and VO2 peak directly measured in both tests, and additionally, provided an equation to calculate a predictive VO2 peak by ISWT, suggesting a good alternative to evaluate the FC of CHD patients, especially in locations where sophisticated testing is not available.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-320fc3af3cbd4440ba3a4e942010ef8e", "input": "Question: Is in ICU state anxiety associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms over six months after ICU discharge : A prospective study?\nAnswer: Posttraumatic stress symptoms occurred in a significant proportion of ICU survivors and were significantly associated with higher levels of trait anxiety, younger age, mental health treatment prior to the ICU admission and more symptoms of anxiety after ICU discharge. Early assessment and interventions directed to reduce state and trait anxiety in ICU survivors may be of benefit.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3ef67b6f1e444a48cea108ba2dc4ab0", "input": "Question: Does dense genotyping of immune-related loci identify HLA variants associated with increased risk of collagenous colitis?\nAnswer: HLA genotype associates with CC, thus implicating HLA-related immune mechanisms in its pathogenesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a4b7ead64a804bd78db56b78e8916870", "input": "Question: Are methotrexate-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules highly effective in the control of inflammation in synovial cells and a chronic arthritis model?\nAnswer: The MTX-LNC were better than the MTX solution at reducing proinflammatory cytokines and T-cell-derived cytokines such as interferon-gamma and interleukin-17A. This result, combined with the reduction in the dose required for therapy, shows that MTX-LNC are a very promising system for the treatment of RA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f311b3a1f6e14b2db1b576c8b1ccbc0d", "input": "Question: Does sepsis impair microvascular autoregulation and delays capillary response within hypoxic capillaries?\nAnswer: Sepsis impaired microvascular autoregulation at both the individual capillary and erythrocyte level, seemingly uncoupling the RBC acting as an \"O2 sensor\" from microvascular autoregulation. Impaired microvascular autoregulation was manifested by increased capillary stopped-flow, increased capillary response time within hypoxic capillaries, decreased capillary O2 supply rate and decreased RBC O2-dependent ATP efflux. This loss of local microvascular control was partially off-set by increased capillary RBC supply rate, which correlated with increased plasma NOx.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5854c27ef3314a8eb4ba89d4eee364ab", "input": "Question: Does acute disruption of glucagon secretion or action improve glucose tolerance in an insulin-deficient mouse model of diabetes?\nAnswer: Disruption of glucagon action/secretion did not improve glucose tolerance in diabetic mice. Near-total alpha cell elimination may have prevented further deterioration. Our findings support insulin lack as the major factor underlying hyperglycaemia in beta cell-deficient diabetes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-74bebcd4a9db4d0f97614f5032d37f33", "input": "Question: Does intracarotid Etomidate decrease the Interhemispheric Synchronization in Electroencephalogram ( EEG ) During the Wada Test?\nAnswer: Our study showed that the EEG effects of intracarotid ipsilateral injection of etomidate is not uniform in both hemispheres. Decrease in the interhemispheric synchronization of delta waves might serve as an indicator of ipsilateral effect of etomidate on the brain. Additional studies are needed to confirm our findings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-31cc5128fd3d42f9a3e47b0fa914488f", "input": "Question: Does constitutive secretion of Interleukin-4 dictate CD133+ side population cells to resist drug treatment and cell death?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that the autocrine secretion of IL-4 is a potential target for the development of novel anticancer drugs to prevent the CSCs-mediated therapy failure and tumorigenesis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-273aa18b5c9e4fee961a4e97610068b7", "input": "Question: Does prescription consisting of Vitamin C and Baicalin inhibit tumor growth by enhancing the antioxidant capacity in vivo?\nAnswer: PVB shows better antitumor effect than Vc and baicalin used alone, and it can significantly enhance the immunity and antioxidant capacity of the mice.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-20f71e6879f14ac0a40158fac4be7c1b", "input": "Question: Is total laparoscopic resection for advanced gastric cancer safe and feasible in the Western population?\nAnswer: Following total laparoscopic resection for advanced gastric cancer, oncologic endpoints, postoperative course, and early cancer-specific follow-up are excellent. The results demonstrated here support the routine use of these techniques in the Western patient population.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9541bb2e30b5474298d847eea273229d", "input": "Question: Does p38 MAPK mediate glial P2X7R-neuronal P2Y1R inhibitory control of P2X3R expression in dorsal root ganglion neurons?\nAnswer: p38 in DRG neurons downstream of P2Y1R is necessary and sufficient for the P2X7R-P2Y1R inhibitory control of P2X3R expression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ddd669adc6c741fc8bb8db5d6c5ede3e", "input": "Question: Do tECPR2 mutations cause a new subtype of familial dysautonomia like hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy with intellectual disability?\nAnswer: We suggest that the disease should therefore be classified as a new subtype of hereditary sensory-autonomic neuropathy. The discovery of additional mutations in non-Bukharian patients implies that this disease might be more common than previously appreciated and should therefore be considered in undiagnosed cases of intellectual disability with autonomic features and respiratory symptoms regardless of demographic origin.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-93fc5268b81545eab9587ae5f1200458", "input": "Question: Are early term infants at increased risk of requiring neonatal intensive care?\nAnswer: Being born at early term is associated with increased risk of respiratory disease and hypoglycemia requiring neonatal intensive care. Further efforts directed at decreasing early term deliveries may be warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b4d98b4b6cba4943b26812dfeeab5c81", "input": "Question: Does opioid Prescribing at Hospital Discharge contribute to Chronic Opioid Use?\nAnswer: Opioid receipt at hospital discharge among opioid na\u00efve patients increased future chronic opioid use. Physicians should inform patients of this risk prior to prescribing opioids at discharge.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8138bd3dd9ef432f8a3a9d5f10cf33d0", "input": "Question: Is abdominal radiography necessary in children with intussusception?\nAnswer: AR is not recommended for the diagnosis of intussusception in children, for the prediction of the outcome of PRI or for the detection of occult pneumoperitoneum. AR should always be performed when clinical peritonism is present but is not otherwise necessary in children with suspected or confirmed intussusception.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-337d6efb9950488db5c25984db4a9a70", "input": "Question: Are symptoms of Depression Common in Patients With Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus : The INPH-CRasH Study?\nAnswer: Symptoms of depression are overrepresented in INPH patients compared with the population, despite treatment with a shunt. Screening for depression should be done in the evaluation of INPH patients in order to find and treat a coexisting depression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a69503503644dc084532a2ce7bdc1ec", "input": "Question: Do background differences in baseline and stimulated MMP levels influence abdominal aortic aneurysm susceptibility?\nAnswer: These data demonstrate that 129/SvEv mice are more susceptible to AAA compared to C57Bl/6 mice. Intrinsic properties of the aorta between the two strains of mice, including baseline expression of MMP-2, influence susceptibility to AAA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-26835fc396cf484fb51fabf35d133ebb", "input": "Question: Does uptake of Marasmius oreades agglutinin disrupt integrin-dependent cell adhesion?\nAnswer: Our results suggest a possible toxic mechanism of MOA, which consists of disturbing the cell adhesion and the cell viability.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a55b0586952e4d368e52e453c15dcf3b", "input": "Question: Does cD73 predict Favorable Prognosis in Patients with Nonmuscle-Invasive Urothelial Bladder Cancer?\nAnswer: High CD73 immunoreactivity was associated with favorable clinicopathological features. Furthermore, it predicts better outcome in the subgroup of pTa and pT1 tumors and may thus serve as additional tool for the selection of patients with favorable prognosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5bfd730ac5dc4fd6ad11cabc6d5adf18", "input": "Question: Does high-pressure physiological saline isotonic solution administration enhance brain NGF and NGF-receptors expression?\nAnswer: It was found that forced administration of HpPSIS enhances the presence of these neurotrophic signals, not only in the olfactory bulbs, but also in forebrain cholinergic neurons, which are known to degenerate as result of memory loss and brain aging, including Alzheimer Disease. These findings for the first time in the literature demonstrate the possibility of enhancing the endogenous NGF to protect NGF-damaged neurons. Since the enhanced expression of NGF was first observed after 5 days of treatment and higher after 10 days of treatment, a reasonable hypothesis is that longer HpPSIS treatment might further enhance the level of NGF in brain and olfactory bulbs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-248e8b777e21493986bd85019843619f", "input": "Question: Does mechanical fibrinogen-depletion support heparin-free mesenchymal stem cell propagation in human platelet lysate?\nAnswer: Here, we present an efficient, reproducible and economical method in compliance to good manufacturing practice for the preparation of MSC media avoiding xenogenic components and suitable for clinical studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f88c731ca061471d9907389026efbef2", "input": "Question: Is painful knee but not hand osteoarthritis an independent predictor of mortality over 23 years follow-up of a population-based cohort of middle-aged women?\nAnswer: We found a significantly increased risk of all-cause and CVD-specific mortality in women experiencing knee pain with or without ROA but not ROA alone. No relationship was found between hand OA and mortality risk. This suggests that knee pain, more than structural changes of OA is the main driver of excess mortality in patients with OA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-216185dd7ee94c55baa91308e6f0bd42", "input": "Question: Does alternaria induce Production of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin in Nasal Fibroblasts Through Toll-like Receptor 2?\nAnswer: The results of this study show that TSLP expression could be induced in nasal fibroblasts by exposure to Alternaria and that TLR2 may be involved in the process. The promotion of TSLP production in nasal fibroblasts by airborne fungi may facilitate the development or exacerbation of Th2-type nasal inflammation, especially in CRS with nasal polyps.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-658afc76d5d045bdae74907cb7c1ebc8", "input": "Question: Is the Interaction Between Prenatal Exposure to Home Renovation and Reactive Oxygen Species Genes in Cord Blood IgE Response Modified by Maternal Atopy?\nAnswer: Maternal atopy modified the effect of prenatal exposure to home renovation on CB serum IgE response as well as the interaction between the exposure and neonatal genes involved in the oxidative stress pathway. These findings suggest that the genetically susceptible offspring of atopic mothers may be more vulnerable to the effect of prenatal exposure to home renovation on the development of allergy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce27d9d2372d463d9c8ca04698497e79", "input": "Question: Does neural Reactivity to Emotional Stimuli Prospectively predict the Impact of a Natural Disaster on Psychiatric Symptoms in Children?\nAnswer: Results indicate that heightened neural reactivity and attention toward unpleasant information, as measured by the LPP, predispose children to psychiatric symptoms when exposed to higher levels of stress related to natural disasters, while greater reactivity to and processing of pleasant information may be a protective factor.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe2638c8535b4e529ad846aab354f081", "input": "Question: Does hydrogen Sulfide alleviate Peritoneal Fibrosis via Attenuating Inflammation and TGF-\u03b21 Synthesis?\nAnswer: Exogenous H2S ameliorates the pathologic process of peritonitis via attenuating inflammatory events and TGF-\u03b21 synthesis. These results suggest that H2S may be a potential therapy against peritoneal fibrosis during chronic PD. In the future, compounds releasing H2S at controlled rate will be assessed as potential candidates to treat peritoneal fibrosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8999c02b02b94453b01f748e2e501190", "input": "Question: Does [ Programmed death ligand 1 negatively regulate inflammatory response of chronic periodontitis ]?\nAnswer: The expression of PD-L1 in the periodontal tissue negativelv regulates inflammatory periodontal tissue damage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-67e560a37c6f44a19cd5aaa7f643fcd8", "input": "Question: Does executive Functioning predict Academic But Not Social Adjustment to University?\nAnswer: The BASC-College form may identify depression symptoms predictive of social adjustment, but symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity are not sufficiently sensitive to predict academic adjustment. Measures of executive function that include metacognition such as the BRIEF-A may be most promising in identifying skills predictive of academic adjustment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9c84aaf5b56248f3b00862b40fa8895b", "input": "Question: Is rotator Cuff Weakness a Risk Factor for First-Time Anterior Glenohumeral Instability?\nAnswer: No association was found between isometric shoulder strength measures at baseline and subsequent first-time anterior glenohumeral joint instability within the high-risk athletic population studied in this prospective cohort.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2d1f71615c564ceab8963954e2d0d23e", "input": "Question: Does andrographolide attenuate LPS-Induced Cardiac Malfunctions Through Inhibition of I\u03baB Phosphorylation and Apoptosis in Mice?\nAnswer: And prevents LPS-induced cardiac malfunctions in mice by inhibiting TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, and NO production, I\u03baB phosphorylation, and cardiac apoptosis, indicating that And may be a potential agent for preventing myocardial malfunction during sepsis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3aec7f6bad3c475e99d9df587985229f", "input": "Question: Do hematoxylin and eosin stain shows a high sensitivity but sub-optimal specificity in demonstrating iron pigment in liver biopsies?\nAnswer: We demonstrate that the H and E stain is a sensitive method to detect iron pigment in liver biopsies, particularly when present in large quantities. A negative H and E stain might obviate the need for extra Perls' staining, thus saving costs and shortening report turn-around times.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c20765d303914d2c9ed705f8fce840e3", "input": "Question: Is aIP1 a novel Agenet/Tudor domain protein from Arabidopsis that interacts with regulators of DNA replication , transcription and chromatin remodeling?\nAnswer: AIP1 is a novel Agenet/Tudor domain protein in plants that could act as a link between DNA replication, transcription and chromatin remodeling during flower development.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-04cb6513032748a6b1792f4b33016437", "input": "Question: Does a Naturally Occurring rev1-vpu Fusion Gene Confer a Fitness Advantage to HIV-1?\nAnswer: Expression of a rev1-vpu fusion gene does not affect regular Rev and Vpu functions or alter HIV-1 replication in primary target cells. Since there is no evidence for increased replication fitness of rev1-vpu encoding viruses, this polymorphism likely emerged in the context of other mutations within and/or outside the rev1-vpu intergenic region, and may have a neutral phenotype.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d559416665a341d7bea4b5d0f628b32b", "input": "Question: Does multiple Intercostal Space Electrocardiogram allow Accurate Localization of Outflow Tract Ventricular Arrhythmia Origin?\nAnswer: The combined TZ index outperformed other ECG criteria to differentiate left from right OT-VA origins.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-81a7b4afca8446c980064656664da530", "input": "Question: Does exenatide facilitate Recovery from Oxaliplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats?\nAnswer: These results suggest that exenatide may be useful for treating peripheral neuropathy induced by oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer patients with type 2 diabetes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-560da20d45844bc3ac90b7e2d2587584", "input": "Question: Are high homocysteine , low vitamin B-6 , and increased oxidative stress independently associated with the risk of chronic kidney disease?\nAnswer: High homocysteine, low PLP, increased oxidative stress, and decreased antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase activity) were independent contributing factors in the development of early stage CKD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-acf208f7841c4a1f85554ab7e3ab4eab", "input": "Question: Does dNA Methylation of MMP9 be Associated with High Levels of MMP-9 Messenger RNA in Periapical Inflammatory Lesions?\nAnswer: The present study suggests that the unmethylated status of the MMP9 gene in periapical lesions may explain the observed up-regulation of messenger RNA transcription in these lesions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-09c22b6d3c5e410e998fba76545662c5", "input": "Question: Does miR-132 inhibit lung cancer cell migration and invasion by targeting SOX4?\nAnswer: Our finding provides new insight into the mechanism of NSCLC progression. Therapeutically, miR-132 may serve as a potential target in the treatment of human lung cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-52fb3806738c42a38b01b1eae7763b8e", "input": "Question: Is miR-1290 a potential prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: Our study suggests that miR-1290 is overexpressed in NSCLC, and serum miR-1290 may be used as a potential prognostic biomarker for NSCLC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7433ea5e74f94aec9f17d01757a4a374", "input": "Question: Are functional polymorphisms in the gene encoding macrophage migration inhibitory factor ( MIF ) associated with active pulmonary tuberculosis?\nAnswer: These data suggested a distinct genetic and immunopathogenic basis for tuberculosis at the MIF locus. Serum MIF, IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b1 profiles distinguish tuberculosis from the more inflammatory phenotype and may play a role in pathogenesis and as biomarkers of active tuberculosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2c09461592d43d58690ff7c14ea13fe", "input": "Question: Does autophagy contribute to the chemo-resistance of non-small cell lung cancer in hypoxic conditions?\nAnswer: Autophagy may play an important role in acquiring resistance to chemotherapy in lung cancer and hypoxia related pathway seems to be involved in autophagy induction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0bf80ac7b5a94e558b327df5a6243499", "input": "Question: Do mapping areas of spatial-temporal overlap from wildlife tracking data?\nAnswer: The value of the jPPA approach within current wildlife habitat analysis workflows is highlighted along with its simple and straightforward implementation and interpretation. Given the current emphasis on remote tracking in wildlife movement and habitat research, new approaches capable of leveraging both the spatial and temporal information content contained within these data are warranted. We make code (in the statistical software R) for implementing the jPPA approach openly available for other researchers.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e2667c5563d407380b23f0d03ac2ae6", "input": "Question: Are serum caspase-3 levels and mortality associated in patients with severe traumatic brain injury?\nAnswer: The association between serum caspase-3 levels and mortality in TBI patients was the major novel finding of our study.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-31a9b645c7664ad5817a2d8294166ca0", "input": "Question: Are iCMJE authorship criteria met in a substantial proportion of manuscripts submitted to Biochemia Medica?\nAnswer: Large proportion of authors of the manuscripts submitted to Biochemia Medica do not fulfil ICMJE criteria. Violation of authorship criteria is not more common for manuscripts with some type of scientific misconduct.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f49f3e92cd2497f95befd2f0d04336c", "input": "Question: Do divergent growth strategies between red algae and kelps influence biomechanical properties?\nAnswer: We propose that divergent patterns in the distribution of material properties along blades may have different consequences for the performance of kelps and red algae. The positioning of younger tissues at the blade base for kelps may enable these species to attain larger body sizes in wave-swept habitats.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d45ebd148ccc4f1b890b2c48a52d739d", "input": "Question: Is lower-normal TSH associated with better metabolic risk factors : A cross-sectional study on Spanish men?\nAnswer: TSH and free T4 within the normal range are associated with the metabolic syndrome. The sample half-below the TSH median (with probably higher functional thyroid status) exhibited better metabolic and cardiovascular profiles.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa6ab830ec8e4ba6936f92bba3a1fcda", "input": "Question: Does poor self-rated health predict mortality in patients with stable chronic heart failure?\nAnswer: Poor self-rated health predicts mortality in our long-term follow-up of patients with stable chronic heart failure, even after adjustment for established risk predictors. We encourage clinicians to capture patient-reported self-rated health routinely as an easy to assess, clinically meaningful measure and pay extra attention when self-rated health is poor.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-31c2ad0fb0c443c0bd6a361afd198e5f", "input": "Question: Does disordered eating behavior and mental health correlate among treatment seeking obese women?\nAnswer: Findings corroborate earlier work indicating that psychological distress is elevated in obese treatment seeking, bolstering the need for mental health assessment of such individuals. The feeling of ineffectiveness constitutes the major predictor of psychopathological aspects. This is an important result which may inform the development of effective interventions for obese patients and prevention of psychopathological disorders.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3efcdbe3282a40d0a66b5fe501d02a02", "input": "Question: Is a male preponderance in patients with Indian post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis associated with increased circulating levels of testosterone?\nAnswer: Taken together, our study has established a male dominance in PKDL, which showed a strong association with testosterone. This information should be taken into consideration for disease monitoring and control.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f5f4626497846e39d26d486f71e20df", "input": "Question: Does ankaferd blood stopper enhance healing after osseous grafting in patients with intrabony periodontal defects?\nAnswer: The findings suggest that ABS enhances the soft tissue healing during the periodontal defect fill by the ACB by stimulating angiogenesis and vascular endothelial cell function, prevents GR and thereby increases the clinical attachment gain.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9d5360f8320d4da7aa06eb20bd4c2863", "input": "Question: Does transamniotic stem cell therapy ( TRASCET ) mitigate bowel damage in a model of gastroschisis?\nAnswer: Amniotic mesenchymal stem cells mitigate bowel damage in experimental gastroschisis after concentrated intraamniotic injection. Transamniotic stem cell therapy (TRASCET) may become a practical component of the treatment of gastroschisis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e723a6c094554b578cd081394ce5571d", "input": "Question: Does treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism affect bone mass as determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry , peripheral quantitative computed tomography and quantitative bone ultrasound in Spanish women?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that adequate metabolic control through replacement treatment with L-T4 in pre- and postmenopausal women does not affect bone mass.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6d98ae3e239a485e81d0b76b89d49f8c", "input": "Question: Is co-morbid personality disorder in early intervention psychosis clients associated with greater key worker emotional involvement?\nAnswer: Co-morbid PD is common in EIPS patients. The EIPS model is both assertive and intensive; although this appears to be effective in preventing hospital admissions, this does not equip professionals to manage the higher emotional burden associated with a co-morbid PD diagnosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-16ee3a878a9a4732936aabefe272d79e", "input": "Question: Is cDX2 downregulation associated with poor differentiation and MMR deficiency in colon cancer?\nAnswer: We found that CDX2 downregulation is associated with MMR deficiency, right-sided tumors, and poor differentiation at both the mRNA and protein level. Whether CDX2 plays an active role in tumor progression in MSI/MMR-deficient tumors remains to be elucidated.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dcfc8d57dad4478496ffdc4cae903ca6", "input": "Question: Does fibroblast growth factor 8 regulate postnatal development of paraventricular nucleus neuroendocrine cells?\nAnswer: First, Fgf8 hypomorphy did not eliminate VP and CRH neurons in the mouse PVN, but rather disrupted the postnatal timing of neuropeptide expression onset in PVN neurons. Second, Fgf8 hypomorphy may, in part, be an explanation for affective disorders involving hyperactivity of the HPA axis, such as anxiety.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b2b5ec48e71487f8613870066d68bf7", "input": "Question: Do inferior vena cava diameters and collapsibility index reveal early volume depletion in a blood donor model?\nAnswer: IVC diameter and collapsibility index variations, as measured in M mode, consistently detect volume changes after blood donation. The longitudinal mid-hepatic approach performed better by allowing a panoramic view, avoiding anatomical aberrancies at fixed points and permitting to identify the best possible perpendicular plane to the IVC. In addition, it was able to detect time-dependent physiological volume replacement. In contrast, in our hands, the renal window could not be visualized consistently well.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a729e2f89e94053af17df9aec9a015a", "input": "Question: Does targeting protein arginine methyltransferase 5 inhibit human hepatocellular carcinoma growth via the downregulation of beta-catenin?\nAnswer: PRMT5 plays an important role in HCC. PRMT5 may be a promising target for HCC therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b74d034a7d8f4ce992535654c32deb06", "input": "Question: Does trinitrotoluene induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis in HePG2 Cells?\nAnswer: TNT could increase the expression levels of GRP78, GRP94, Caspase-4, and CHOP in HePG2 cells; this increase in protein expression might be involved in HePG2 apoptosis through the induction of the ERS pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e45c56eba72242baac244a41314abe06", "input": "Question: Does interleukin-17A be Associated With Alveolar Inflammation and Poor Outcomes in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome?\nAnswer: Elevated circulating and alveolar levels of interleukin-17A are associated with increased percentage of alveolar neutrophils, alveolar permeability, and organ dysfunction in acute respiratory distress syndrome.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-aaef39138c134551bc148d6e0ef92702", "input": "Question: Does resveratrol relieve gestational diabetes mellitus in mice through activating AMPK?\nAnswer: Our findings further supported the potential therapeutic effect of RV on not only diabetes, but also alleviating GDM.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ade3e4c7dafd4a18b9c08020ef679ea8", "input": "Question: Does rush immunotherapy for wasp venom allergy seem safe and effective in patients with mastocytosis?\nAnswer: VIT is safe in cutaneous mastocytosis patients with WA, while caution has to be made in case of systemic mastocytosis. VIT was effective in the patients who were re-stung.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9db022b6ad3e4233b950bde5abcd024c", "input": "Question: Does low-Level Vagus Nerve Stimulation attenuate Myocardial Ischemic Reperfusion Injury by Antioxidative Stress and Antiapoptosis Reactions in Canines?\nAnswer: LL-VNS exerts protective effects on myocardial I/R injury. Its potential mechanisms involve the suppression of oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9978f40cd7a4d8a977d402e90ffab05", "input": "Question: Is bone marrow involvement rare in superficial gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma?\nAnswer: Bone marrow involvement was rare in patients with only superficial gastric MALT lymphoma without extragastric invasion. Further studies are warranted to identify the risk factors of bone marrow involvement in gastric MALT lymphoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-349b2363b47544f985e1feb1b4766d33", "input": "Question: Does next-Generation Sequencing of Matched Primary and Metastatic Rectal Adenocarcinomas demonstrate Minimal Mutation Gain and Concordance to Colonic Adenocarcinomas?\nAnswer: -The somatic mutations identified in our rectal adenocarcinoma cohort showed a strong correlation to those previously characterized in colonic adenocarcinoma. In addition, most rectal adenocarcinomas harbored identical somatic mutations in both the primary tumor and metastasis. These findings demonstrate evidence that rectal adenocarcinoma follows a similar molecular pathogenesis as colonic adenocarcinoma and that sampling either the primary or metastatic lesion is valid for initial evaluation of somatic mutations and selection of possible targeted therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-074dcb0788a74f79b9c740e79ba1c1e2", "input": "Question: Does new probing and warm-wash-out technique improve early patency rates in arteriovenous fistula surgery?\nAnswer: Probing and warm-wash out technique will simply increase the surgical success and flow rate of draining vein.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b506173a596f4fdaa51af8262b16c878", "input": "Question: Are dNA methylation subgroups in melanoma associated with proliferative and immunological processes?\nAnswer: Melanoma consists of divergent methylation groups that are distinguished by promoter methylation, proliferation and content of immunological cells.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ed8fd87139649208595cdc36df0ae37", "input": "Question: Does horizontal Slide create Less Cervical Motion When Centering an Injured Patient on a Spine Board?\nAnswer: Of the three adjustments, our team found that horizontal slide was also easier to complete than the other methods. The horizontal slide best limited cervical spine motion and may be the most helpful for minimizing secondary injury based on the study findings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e03ae16f33114b89a9f1c471b34ccdf8", "input": "Question: Is serum dipeptidyl peptidase-4 associated with multiple vertebral fractures in type 2 diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: We firstly showed that high level of serum DPP-4 is associated with prevalent multiple VFs independently of BMD and bone formation in men with T2DM.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-71de0c742fd9454997ecfebb2e439c2d", "input": "Question: Are gender differences in scalp hair growth rates maintained but reduced in pattern hair loss compared to controls?\nAnswer: Caucasian ethnicity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-25d3107d1c8745b68f148467a97df588", "input": "Question: Does neuromuscular Blocking Agent Cisatracurium attenuate Lung Injury by Inhibition of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-\u03b11?\nAnswer: The use of NMBA is lung protective through its antiinflammatory properties by blocking the nAChR\u03b11.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc87f8e1a371449d8b7dd77fed37c503", "input": "Question: Does bone morphogenetic protein 7 sensitize O6-methylguanine methyltransferase expressing-glioblastoma stem cells to clinically relevant dose of temozolomide?\nAnswer: These data support the view that reduced endogenous BMP7 expression/signaling in GSC may contribute to maintained stemness, EMT, and chemoresistant phenotype, suggesting that BMP7 treatment may provide a novel strategy in combination with TMZ for an effective treatment of glioblastoma exhibiting unmethylated MGMT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a2c835de6a747279de51623e181725b", "input": "Question: Is p21 deficiency susceptible to osteoarthritis through STAT3 phosphorylation?\nAnswer: The lack of p21 has catabolic effects by regulation of aggrecan and MMP-13 expression through STAT3 phosphorylation in the cartilage tissue. p21 may function as a regulator of transcriptional factors other than the inhibitor of cell cycle progression in the cartilage tissue. Thus, the regulation of p21 may be a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of OA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb3886beb8ed4e4d992f0762dc2a74b0", "input": "Question: Does herbal compound Naoshuantong capsule attenuate retinal injury in ischemia/reperfusion rat model by inhibiting apoptosis?\nAnswer: Our study indicated that Naoshuantong capsule attenuates retinal damage in rat models of ischemic ophthalmopathy, possibly by inhibiting apoptosis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-570e8ba00a9b4a99a1dca0b08a29a488", "input": "Question: Does tLE6 mutation cause the earliest known human embryonic lethality?\nAnswer: In this first report of a human defect in a member of the subcortical maternal subcritical maternal complex, we show that the TLE6 mutation is gender-specific and leads to the earliest known human embryonic lethality phenotype.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-061924c784ba47f88a59a7ea0ddc39ac", "input": "Question: Does atrial electrogram interpretation improve after an innovative education program?\nAnswer: Accurate interpretation of AEGs is an easy skill for specialized critical care nurses to learn via an online education program.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb17391bf35441829bb0f04bf5c64d5c", "input": "Question: Does cFTR potentiator therapy ameliorate impaired insulin secretion in CF patients with a gating mutation?\nAnswer: The treatment with ivacaftor in patients with CF carrying gating mutation can ameliorate impaired insulin secretion. Further studies and larger cohorts are needed to evaluate the impact of ivacaftor on insulin secretion in patients with CF carrying gating or other mutations.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0f80474dd93d4f0ca05fb08ee0e3b3b1", "input": "Question: Does [ Methylglyoxal inhibit human umbilical vein cell migration in vitro by down-regulating integrin\u03b23 ]?\nAnswer: Methylglyoxal inhibits HUVEC migration in vitro by down-regulating integrin \u03b23 expression.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9366b5e7a4e4ffe99819f8d06a69d0a", "input": "Question: Is cYP2C9 Genetic Polymorphism a Potential Predictive Marker for the Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Therapy?\nAnswer: This study suggests that the CYP2C9 polymorphism may be involved in the lipid-lowering efficacy of rosuvastatin in patients with hyperlipidemia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ccee40201d44e2a98e2b8e85554fc96", "input": "Question: Is downregulation of MicroRNA-1 Associated with Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma?\nAnswer: Low miR-1 expression is associated with shortened survival time. MiR-1 may act as a potential prognostic biomarker for HCC patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-91b943ff13d24f36b59c0a8db9e0ec87", "input": "Question: Do cold snare piecemeal resection of colonic and duodenal polyps \u22651 cm?\nAnswer: Cold snare polypectomy for large duodenal and colonic polyps is technically feasible and may have a favorable safety profile compared to standard electrocautery-based endoscopic resection. Comparative trials are required to determine the relative safety and efficacy of cold snare techniques for complete and durable resection of large polyps compared to standard hot snare methods.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-66a6e5bf9a07481e9b28b156831aaaef", "input": "Question: Do [ What do the doctors of different specialties know about sleep disorders and their treatment ]?\nAnswer: Physicians are not well informed about the problems of sleep disorders, have a small idea of the methods of sleepresearch and drugs for their treatment as well as of a sequence of operations that should be used to resolve this problem.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1028447366034fbe92182726d1d221a4", "input": "Question: Is visceral adiposity associated with altered myocardial glucose uptake measured by ( 18 ) FDG-PET in 346 subjects with normal glucose tolerance , prediabetes , and type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: Our findings indicate visceral adiposity is strongly associated with the alteration of myocardial glucose uptake evaluated by (18)FDG-PET, and its association further relates to T2DM.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5b1de2221fdf4a249544c6d2a7bd9c4e", "input": "Question: Do aqueous extracts of Fructus Ligustri Lucide induce gastric carcinoma cell apoptosis and G2/M cycle arrest?\nAnswer: These results confirmed that FLL could induce apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma, the underlying molecular mechanisms, at least partially, through activation p21/p53 and suppression CDC2/cdc25C signaling in vitro.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-793f14fb183743be9234c052f09a4ee1", "input": "Question: Is proactive Semantic Interference Associated with Total and Regional Abnormal Amyloid Load in Non-Demented Community-Dwelling Elders : A Preliminary Study?\nAnswer: In non-demented individuals, vulnerability to PSI was highly associated with total and regional beta-amyloid load and may be an early cognitive marker of brain pathology.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-65a07b09f23f4d8c9ebb636d8a0782a6", "input": "Question: Do experimental evaluation of sand fly collection and storage methods for the isolation and molecular detection of Phlebotomus-borne viruses?\nAnswer: While the collection and storage methods investigated had not much impact on the ability to detect viral RNA by molecular methods, they affected the capacity to recover viable viruses. Consequently, sand fly collection and handling procedures should be established in advance depending on the goal of the surveillance studies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ad82371bd8c46dfa88ec3d52e5afbad", "input": "Question: Does high glucose induce renal tubular epithelial injury via Sirt1/NF-kappaB/microR-29/Keap1 signal pathway?\nAnswer: High glucose induces renal tubular epithelial injury via Sirt1/NF-\u03baB/microR-29/Keap1 signal pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2241bc77dadd48db9e9f999d271137a1", "input": "Question: Is horizontal gene transfer in bdelloid rotifers ancient , ongoing and more frequent in species from desiccating habitats?\nAnswer: Nearly half of foreign genes were acquired before the divergence of bdelloid families over 60 Mya. Nonetheless, HGT is ongoing in bdelloids and has contributed to putative functional differences among species. Variation among our study species is consistent with the hypothesis that desiccating habitats promote HGT.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4161de83ba364fc4a7f789de9aed92d0", "input": "Question: Does low-Dose Docetaxel Combined with Dexamethasone be Feasible for Patients with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer?\nAnswer: Low-dose docetaxel in combination with dexamethasone is feasible in Japanese CRPC patients. Hematological toxicity is less than that seen with standard docetaxel therapy, but it is necessary to monitor patients for severe nonhematological toxicities, particularly very elderly patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d599d48a56674818bc4614f67e1110a5", "input": "Question: Does the profile of platelet \u03b1-granule released molecules affect postoperative liver regeneration?\nAnswer: The postoperative profile of circulating platelet-derived factors correlates with the ability of the remnant liver to regenerate. Portal venous pressure and intrahepatic endothelial dysfunction might account for the selective granule release profile. Selective modulation of platelet \u03b1-granule release in patients may represent an attractive target for therapeutic interventions to improve liver regeneration and clinical outcomes after partial hepatectomy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ecf76407f8984aa98b47262170b92da1", "input": "Question: Do large-volume low apparent diffusion coefficient lesions predict poor survival in bevacizumab-treated glioblastoma patients?\nAnswer: The volume of low-ADC lesions at the second post-bevacizumab scan predicted shorter OS. This suggests that low-ADC lesions may be considered important imaging markers and included in treatment decision algorithms.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-243707d86b1c4f8c890da820ab6da501", "input": "Question: Are glut-1 intensity and pattern of expression in thymic epithelial tumors predictive of WHO subtypes?\nAnswer: Glut-1 expression globally depended on histological subtypes and the staining patterns (diffuse or zonal) were different between thymic carcinomas and type B3 thymomas. A comparative study of Glut-1 expression in atypical versus conventional type A thymomas appears warranted. Otherwise, restriction to epithelial cells makes likely a correlation with clinical assessment of glucose uptake in lymphocyte-poor tumors.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c1c00475d8f42bdaf1ef43c627f542d", "input": "Question: Does eIF2A-dependent translational arrest protect leukemia cells from the energetic stress induced by NAMPT inhibition?\nAnswer: We identified EIF2A phosphorylation as a novel early molecular event occurring in response to NAMPT inhibition and mediating protein synthesis arrest. In addition, our data suggest that tumors exhibiting an impaired LBK1- AMPK- EIF2A response may be especially susceptible to NAMPT inhibitors and thus become an elective indication for this type of agents.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5fb6eae25764408593e4bcfd1c41a845", "input": "Question: Does evaluation of anxiety levels and factors associated with positive test result in patients with drug hypersensitivity?\nAnswer: Patients with DHR have high levels of anxiety; however, this is not related to the results of drug tests. Because panic reaction symptoms may accompany the objective symptoms of DHR, a complete clinical work-up is required before deciding whether the reaction is related to panic or a \"true DHR.\"", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9bd9ec4623894c419c855cdee31d4150", "input": "Question: Do validation of Duru\u00f6z Hand Index in patients with tetraplegia?\nAnswer: The DHI was found a valid method in the assessment of hand functions in patients with tetraplegia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6cb8b5af3f30436dbb6f6419b1a2d8f5", "input": "Question: Does diazoxide protect L6 skeletal myoblasts from H2O2-induced apoptosis via the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt pathway?\nAnswer: These data suggest that DZ pre-treatment contributes to protection of L6 SKMs against apoptosis at least partly by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway and subsequently inhibiting the mitochondrial-mediated caspase-dependent apoptotic signalling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-51bc1a0c12234d72870832a040c25c00", "input": "Question: Is dopamine Administration a Risk Factor for Delirium in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery?\nAnswer: Along with older age, dopamine infusion--even in low doses but more probably in higher doses--emerged as an independent risk factor for delirium in patients undergoing CABG. Further study is needed to confirm the validity of results presented.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-da6143ad3ee44bae9c90ed6d2f2d8d6f", "input": "Question: Does novel PPAR\u03b3 Modulator GED-0507-34 Levo ameliorate Inflammation-driven Intestinal Fibrosis?\nAnswer: GED ameliorates intestinal fibrosis in dextran sulfate sodium-induced chronic colitis in mice and regulates major profibrotic cellular and molecular mechanisms.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-07ef76dcfdac47aba3b33814753c1337", "input": "Question: Does flightless I Homolog repress Prostate Cancer Progression through Targeting Androgen Receptor Signaling?\nAnswer: FLII plays a tumor-suppressive role and serves as a crucial determinant of resistance of prostate cancer to endocrine therapies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-df8357b0131d4b4093d8a6963fe140ed", "input": "Question: Does a 13 mer LNA-i-miR-221 Inhibitor restore Drug Sensitivity in Melphalan-Refractory Multiple Myeloma Cells?\nAnswer: Taken together, our findings provide the proof of concept that LNA-i-miR-221 can reverse melphalan resistance in preclinical models of multiple myeloma, providing the framework for clinical trials to overcome drug resistance, and improve patient outcome in multiple myeloma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-14f662d28e3d43378c46a9e136963206", "input": "Question: Are cXCL4 Plasma Levels Associated with the Extent of Coronary Artery Disease or with Coronary Plaque Morphology?\nAnswer: While CXCL4 may be present and active within the arterial wall, local increase of CXCL4 may not translate into systemically elevated CXCL4 levels. Further studies will have to test whether CXCL4 may still represent a suitable therapeutic target in human atherosclerosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cbbab36d3188405b83619b1fcc8e6ad9", "input": "Question: Does micronutrient Deficiency Independently predict Adverse Health Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure?\nAnswer: These findings show that micronutrient deficiency independently predicted poor HRQoL and earlier cardiac event-free survival in patients with HF. Further research is needed to provide for specific dietary guidelines for better health outcomes in HF patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-53f386afbf4e40cea231e3ecb0316160", "input": "Question: Does axillary Lymph Node Dissection be a Risk Factor for Major Complications After Immediate Breast Reconstruction?\nAnswer: Mastectomy with ALND is associated with a 3-fold increase in risk of major complications in women undergoing immediate breast reconstruction, even after adjustment for known risk factors and confounders. Further studies are warranted to elucidate how ALND leads to these complications and what measures can reduce their occurrence.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8682129d25ae46cf81c8fc11541cfbdc", "input": "Question: Does sT depression in lead aVL differentiate inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction from pericarditis?\nAnswer: When there is inferior ST-segment elevation, the presence of any ST depression in lead aVL is highly sensitive for coronary occlusion in inferior myocardial infarction and very specific for differentiating inferior myocardial infarction from pericarditis.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-e40615cf36f048f9a26570db345c8dae", "input": "Question: Does occult H. pylori infection partially explain 'false-positive ' results of ( 13 ) C-urea breath test?\nAnswer: UBiT suffers from a high rate of false-positive results and sub-optimal specificity, and the protocol skipping citric acid pre-treatment should be revised; however, low-density 'occult' H. pylori infection that was undetectable by conventional tests accounted for around 25% of the 'false-positive' results.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-eda788824fbf41b29e9c7afb56868a65", "input": "Question: Does co-Transplantation of Skin-Derived Precursors and Collagen Sponge facilitate Diabetic Wound Healing by Promoting Local Vascular Regeneration?\nAnswer: Accelerated wound healing and enhanced local capillary regeneration could be observed 14 days after skin ablation from both SKPs and collagen sponge co-transplanted and collagen sponge only groups. Subsequent analyses further revealed superior pro-angiogenic effects from the SKP and collagen sponge co-delivered group, which are mainly attributable to in vivo transdifferentation and paracrine signalling of the SKPs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c6aa6f96c9034682909291b989e69d91", "input": "Question: Do a Profilometric Study to Assess the Role of Toothbrush and Toothpaste in Abrasion Process?\nAnswer: Besides supporting the fact that toothpaste is needed to create a significant abrasion, this study also showed that a softer toothbrush can cause more abrasion than harder ones. The flexibility of bristles is only secondary to abrasion process and abrasivity of dentifrice has an important role in abrasion process.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f5ab6c2016f482ab07b366993bf97f4", "input": "Question: Are anxiety but not depression symptoms associated with greater perceived dyspnea in asthma during bronchoconstriction?\nAnswer: Anxiety but not depression was associated with greater perceived dyspnea intensity but not other measures of respiratory discomfort in individuals with asthma. Anxiety may shape the quality and intensity of dyspnea at a given respiratory load.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-afdb3374da9444c9a34b18e5f0828df3", "input": "Question: Is combined glutathione S transferase M1/T1 null genotypes associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: The main finding of our study is that the combined, double GSTM1/GSTT1 null genotypes are to be considered among the polymorphic genetic risk factors for type 2 DM.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-77845e80813840819ee0d10f6b516e15", "input": "Question: Is vigorous exercise associated with superior metabolic profiles in polycystic ovary syndrome independent of total exercise expenditure?\nAnswer: Women with PCOS who met DHHS guidelines for exercise demonstrated superior metabolic health parameters. Vigorous but not moderate activity is associated with reduced odds of the metabolic syndrome, independent of age, BMI, and total energy expenditure. PCOS patients should be encouraged to meet activity guidelines via vigorous physical activity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f9bf6458c49e493398f5ce8867a6c18b", "input": "Question: Do glutaminase-containing microvesicles from HIV-1-infected macrophages and immune-activated microglia induce neurotoxicity?\nAnswer: These findings support MVs as a potential pathway/mechanism of excessive glutamate generation and neurotoxicity in HAND and therefore MVs may serve as a novel therapeutic target.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-25bc8f9822c64796979edbd9bdb595b7", "input": "Question: Do fasting hyperinsulinaemia and 2-h glycaemia predict coronary heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: Fasting insulin levels are positively associated with incidence of CHD in T2D. Furthermore, 2hPG appears to be a significant predictor of incident CHD independently of other risk factors, including HbA1c. These findings suggest that strategies targeting the reduction of insulinaemia and post-load glycaemia may be useful for preventing cardiovascular complications.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-459bb729868b4216978a64dd20fa44bd", "input": "Question: Is mechanical stress associated with right ventricular response to pulmonary valve replacement in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot?\nAnswer: Computational modeling and right ventricular stress may be used as tools to identify right ventricular function response to pulmonary valve replacement. Large-scale clinical studies are needed to validate these preliminary findings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ad946c08c174a0a90319230ad422589", "input": "Question: Do nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Suppress Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in Mice?\nAnswer: Multiple clinically relevant NRTIs suppressed laser-induced CNV and downregulated VEGF-A, via P2X7.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3e21e288cb84688981e498f07957284", "input": "Question: Is obesity associated with increased postoperative complications after operative management of tibial shaft fractures?\nAnswer: In patients who undergo either ORIF or IMN for tibial shaft fractures, obesity and its related medical comorbidities are associated with significantly increased rates of postoperative medical complications, infection, nonunion, and implant removal compared to non-obese patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-9d355284a038469abb750d449c335ee3", "input": "Question: Does mR Elastography demonstrate Increased Brain Stiffness in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates increased brain stiffness in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls; these findings should motivate future studies investigating the use of MR elastography for this condition and the efficacy of shunt therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c2e47752d84d4360ab71c3e0c6d159f4", "input": "Question: Are copper surfaces associated with significantly lower concentrations of bacteria on selected surfaces within a pediatric intensive care unit?\nAnswer: Copper surfaces warrant serious consideration when contemplating the introduction of no-touch disinfection technologies for reducing burden to limit acquisition of HAIs.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-568f3c150ff54e7f944fa5fa8831ef9f", "input": "Question: Does increased pretreatment serum IFN-\u03b2/\u03b1 ratio predict non-response to tumour necrosis factor \u03b1 inhibition in rheumatoid arthritis?\nAnswer: Increased pretreatment serum IFN-\u03b2/\u03b1 ratio strongly associated with non-response to TNF inhibition. This study supports further investigation of serum type I IFN in predicting outcome of TNF inhibition in RA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-29f236e457de47cc81b98c82d7581d2b", "input": "Question: Is degree of Rectal Distension Seen on Prostate Radiotherapy Planning CT Scan a Negative Prognostic Factor in the Modern Era of Image-Guided Radiotherapy?\nAnswer: In this cohort of predominately high-risk localised prostate cancer, rectal distension had no significant impact on PSA relapse. We suggest that regular imaging during radiotherapy negates the risk caused by rectal distension on local treatment failure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-82b7fe4ed3064c3e8069b9e4da4b4d7e", "input": "Question: Does boron-deficiency-responsive microRNAs and their targets in Citrus sinensis leave?\nAnswer: Our study reveals some novel responses of citrus to B-deficiency, which increase our understanding of the adaptive mechanisms of citrus to B-deficiency at the miRNA (post-transcriptional) level.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0f6d92a9fbf44661959ef337672e5611", "input": "Question: Is overexpression of major CDKN3 transcripts associated with poor survival in lung adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: CDKN3 overexpression is prognostic of poor overall survival in lung adenocarcinoma. CDKN3 overexpression in lung adenocarcinoma is not attributed to alternative splicing or mutation but is likely due to increased mitotic activity, arguing against CDKN3 as a tumour suppressor.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dbb4d606c7bb4503aaab718bf730fa13", "input": "Question: Does fGFR4 be a Potential Predictive Biomarker in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma?\nAnswer: FGFR4 is frequently overexpressed in OSCC and OPSCC in the absence of gene amplification, and may serve as a potential predictive marker for FGFR4-directed targeted therapy in OSCC and OPSCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b67d7c371a0246e2b64809cbbed6b010", "input": "Question: Do baseline cerebral oximetry values depend on non-modifiable patient characteristics?\nAnswer: Non-modifiable patient characteristics (ASA physical status, sex, chronic renal failure, body weight and height) influence baseline rSO2.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c2de88345dfc4d14a4b887d26841c7cb", "input": "Question: Is global DNA hypomethylation associated with the development and poor prognosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: Global hypomethylation was an independent biomarker for the development and poor prognosis of TSCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-21155aff13c545f49a3027f16f3e1c9f", "input": "Question: Do postzygotic barriers isolate sympatric species of Cyrtandra ( Gesneriaceae ) in Hawaiian montane forest understories?\nAnswer: Results suggest that boundaries between sympatric Cyrtandra species in Hawaii are maintained predominantly through postzygotic barriers. Observations from between-island crosses indicate that postzygotic barriers can arise in allopatry, which may be important in the initial divergence of populations. Future studies of RI in Cyrtandra should include a broader range of species to determine if postzygotic isolating barriers are foremost in the maintenance of species boundaries in this large genus.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2c37fe5b9651443eb050ed20aea752d0", "input": "Question: Is selection on pollen and pistil traits during pollen competition affected by both sexual conflict and mixed mating in a self-compatible herb?\nAnswer: Selection on pollen and pistil traits in C. heterophylla is affected by both sexual conflict and mixed mating, suggesting the importance of jointly considering these factors in plant evolution.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6353cc88146e48cab98e05ece49fc2d2", "input": "Question: Does identification of structural alert for liver and kidney toxicity using repeated dose toxicity data?\nAnswer: It was not possible to assign an unambiguous mode of action for all the SAs, but a mechanistic explanation is provided for some of them. Such achievements may help in the early identification of liver and renal toxicity of substances.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-50060275da8d478686a9177bf0aaa38d", "input": "Question: Does cytochrome P450 Oxidoreductase influence CYP2B6 Activity in Cyclophosphamide Bioactivation?\nAnswer: This investigation shows for the first time that POR besides CYP2B6 can influence cyclophosphamide metabolism. Our results indicate that not only CYPs are important, but also POR expression and/or activity may influence cyclophosphamide bioactivation, affecting therapeutic efficacy and treatment related toxicity and hence on clinical outcome. Thus, both POR and CYP genotype and expression levels may have to be taken into account when personalizing treatment schedules to achieve optimal therapeutic drug plasma concentrations of cyclophosphamide.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-87afc878b2cd407f971a120f0d0145ae", "input": "Question: Does targeting glycolysis by 3-bromopyruvate improve tamoxifen cytotoxicity of breast cancer cell lines?\nAnswer: 3-bromopyruvate could be a valuable compound when added with tamoxifen in breast cancer treatment.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1672f69f5847460090398ffddb061216", "input": "Question: Does lipopolysaccharide enhance Beta2-Glycoprotein I Activation of Nuclear Factor \u03baB in Liver Cancer Cells?\nAnswer: LPS enhanced the signal transduction of \u03b22GPI in liver cancer cells leading to activation of NF-\u03baB, which triggered downstream signal transduction and increased the expression of downstream factors. This suggests that LPS enhancement of \u03b22GPI signal transduction may play a role in promoting the development of liver cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c013aa45e6c14da9b299bcabea92459b", "input": "Question: Is photodynamic Therapy-Induced Apoptosis of Keloid Fibroblasts Mediated by Radical Oxygen Species In Vitro?\nAnswer: Our data indicated that HMME-mediated PDT could inhibit keloid fibroblast proliferation and could also induce apoptosis. This process was associated with the production of ROS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bc204ed7c57b4c1098e322874b81f419", "input": "Question: Is increased Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Associated with In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Aortic Dissection?\nAnswer: In patients with AD, NLR levels were increased compared to patients with AAD and controls and were independently associated with in-hospital mortality. This finding implicates that admission hematological parameters may have clinical importance in evaluating the mortality risk in patients with AD.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-888e5202f1e04a1eaee3c48beef1983f", "input": "Question: Do [ The sequencing analyze of 915 newborn with GJB2 heterozygous mutation in Beijing ]?\nAnswer: The probability of hereditary hearing loss is 7.09% in newborn with GJB2 heterozygous mutation in Beijing. It is noteworthy that c. 109G>A, c. 368C>A occupy a high proportion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe3881e37d364145ba3ca2e14740fbc2", "input": "Question: Do obese patients have similar short-term outcomes to non-obese in laparoscopic colorectal surgery?\nAnswer: Obesity (BMI > 25) does not lead to worse short-term outcomes in laparoscopic colorectal surgery and therefore such patients should not be precluded from laparoscopic surgery.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d3c32d9fbe44117a01e4b7278211b80", "input": "Question: Is moderate Alcohol Consumption Associated with Reduced All-cause Mortality?\nAnswer: Moderate alcohol consumption is not associated with reduced all-cause mortality in older adults. The previously observed association may have been due to residual confounding.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b23a6a871d3a4e3fb3aeb8a1be587923", "input": "Question: Do polyunsaturated fatty acids trigger apoptosis of colon cancer cells through a mitochondrial pathway?\nAnswer: PUFAs induced apoptosis of colon cancer cells through a mitochondrial dependent pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b045facf315d4d0cae2728f1d486fc45", "input": "Question: Is melatonin more effective than ascorbic acid and \u03b2-carotene in improvement of gastric mucosal damage induced by intensive stress?\nAnswer: Melatonin is more effective than ascorbic acid and \u03b2-carotene in improvement of gastric damage induced by intensive stress. We suggest that as well as the direct antioxidant and free radical scavenging potency of melatonin, its indirect effect via the brain-gut axis might account for its greater beneficial action against stress-induced gastric damage.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9aeed9fdea046e894a284f79ce52314", "input": "Question: Are signs of immune activation and local inflammation present in the bronchial tissue of patients with untreated early rheumatoid arthritis?\nAnswer: Signs of immune cell accumulation and activation are present both in the bronchial tissue and in BAL of untreated patients with early RA without concomitant lung disease, strengthening the role of the lung compartment as an important player in ACPA-positive RA.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f053452e4333402ca45e4fcab57627d8", "input": "Question: Is cannabis use disorder associated with greater illness severity in tobacco smoking patients with bipolar disorder?\nAnswer: Despite the multivariate approach, differences between the two samples may lead to spurious findings related to hidden confounders. Substance use and mood episode information was collected retrospectively, and potential birth cohort effects could not be controlled for.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9d26bc0db254c1a8f51bf32f087b2ca", "input": "Question: Is anxiety associated with increased risk of dementia in older Swedish twins?\nAnswer: Anxiety symptoms were associated with increased risk of dementia. Genetic factors common to dementia and anxiety partially mediated this association.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-bae37e2c7bad43dd9953c213c7d54fed", "input": "Question: Are excessive reactive oxygen species therapeutic targets for intervertebral disc degeneration?\nAnswer: A positive feedback loop was formed between excessive ROS and TNF-alpha in AF cells. Thus, oxidative stress contributes to the progression of IVD degeneration and NAC can be a therapeutic option for IVD degeneration.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-73861f65f1434114a98510e33688a65a", "input": "Question: Is overexpression of the long non-coding RNA PVT1 correlated with leukemic cell proliferation in acute promyelocytic leukemia?\nAnswer: Our findings reveal that the lncRNA PVT1 may play an important role in the proliferation of APL cells and may be useful for future therapeutic management.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3c9b7238ad4412eba1a8c724e62f199", "input": "Question: Does angiogenesis and proliferation of bile duct enhance ischemic tolerance in rats with cirrhosis?\nAnswer: The results suggest that a liver with cirrhosis has a better ischemic tolerance than a normal liver. Angiogenesis and proliferation of bile duct enhances ischemic tolerance in rats with cirrhosis. More research on the pathogenesis of IBDLs is needed for developing more specific preventive or therapeutic strategies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-abef045e869048c19a64a9f942452b25", "input": "Question: Does sevoflurane postconditioning improve long-term learning and memory of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia brain damage rats via the PI3K/Akt-mPTP pathway?\nAnswer: Sevoflurane postconditioning exerts a neuroprotective effect against HIBD in neonatal rats via PI3K/Akt/eNOS and PI3K/Akt/GSK-3\u03b2 pathways, and blockage of mPTP opening may be involved in attenuation of histomorphological injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f8ff60d5497942f7be317e98bbb31e35", "input": "Question: Does bariatric surgery acutely change the expression of inflammatory and lipogenic genes in obese adipose tissue?\nAnswer: Bariatric surgery acutely changes the expression of inflammatory and lipogenic genes in adipose tissue. This information should be considered cautiously when designing studies to assess adipose tissue gene expression in morbidly obese patients. The same timing of sampling is mandatory.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-dc4387a3f9284626b5ad2a1336648344", "input": "Question: Do unmet needs mediate the relationship between symptoms and quality of life in breast cancer survivors?\nAnswer: Results suggest that breast cancer survivors continue to endure many symptoms independent of the survivorship period. The unmet needs mediate the relationship between symptom burden and survivors' QoL.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-a728c2054f8d4add94abad687bc2e1be", "input": "Question: Is epidural analgesia superior to local infiltration analgesia in children with cerebral palsy undergoing unilateral hip reconstruction?\nAnswer: Epidural analgesia is superior to local infiltration analgesia for early postoperative pain management in children with cerebral palsy who undergo unilateral hip reconstruction.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d2743d78bf594b4b8a7949e4fd1264b8", "input": "Question: Do prevalence of pseudobulbar affect symptoms and clinical correlates in nursing home residents?\nAnswer: Pseudobulbar affect symptoms were present in 17.5% of nursing home residents with neurological conditions, and 9.0% of residents overall. Increasing awareness and improving diagnostic accuracy of PBA may help optimize treatment. Copyright \u00a9 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4aba638905864e96b6c4f8048d2c51c0", "input": "Question: Do mycobacterium tuberculosis secretory proteins downregulate T cell activation by interfering with proximal and downstream T cell signalling events?\nAnswer: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate effect of Ag85A and ESAT-6 on TCR- and TCR/CD28- induced upstream and downstream signalling events of T-cell activation in TB patients. This study showed the effect of secretory antigens of M. tuberculosis in the modulation of T cell signalling pathways. This inflection is accomplished by altering the proximal and distal events of signalling cascade which could be involved in T-cell dysfunctioning during the progression of the disease.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7fbe2eef883e46cdb4e5ce80b6406741", "input": "Question: Does biochar-amended potting medium reduce the susceptibility of rice to root-knot nematode infections?\nAnswer: These results suggest that biochar amendments protect rice plants challenged by nematodes. This priming effect partially depends on the ET signaling pathway and enhanced H2O2 accumulation.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6178c3681e2d47608b47e84f7aca2715", "input": "Question: Does p53 Activity dominate That of p73 upon Mdm4 Loss in Development and Tumorigenesis?\nAnswer: Genetic characterization of the Mdm4 and p73 interaction during development and tumorigenesis suggests new insight into the role of p53 family members, which may influence treatment options for patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-791b49026e65476899d7332ec0a93892", "input": "Question: Do lymphocyte depletion and subset alteration correlate to renal function in chronic kidney disease patients?\nAnswer: Lymphocyte depletion and subset alteration occurred during the progress of CKD. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of immune system in CKD and to expand our knowledge about the effect of uremia on the structure and function of immune system.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-11f2124a82f4449d9029226df4ecb2ef", "input": "Question: Does locomotor Adaptability Task promote Intense and Task-Appropriate Output From the Paretic Leg During Walking?\nAnswer: These findings support the assertion that the nonparetic long-step task may be effective for use in poststroke locomotor rehabilitation to engage the paretic leg and promote recovery of walking.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-76b3bc7337dd439fa2f385570b417243", "input": "Question: Are anticipatory and consummatory effects of ( hedonic ) chocolate intake associated with increased circulating levels of the orexigenic peptide ghrelin and endocannabinoids in obese adults?\nAnswer: When motivation to eat is generated by exposure to, and consumption of, chocolate a peripheral activation of specific endogenous rewarding chemical signals, including ghrelin, AEA, and 2-AG, is observed in obese subjects. Although preliminary, these findings predict the effectiveness of ghrelin and endocannabinoid antagonists in the treatment of obesity.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b882250b057485cb099d29e723ee4ba", "input": "Question: Is social interaction associated with changes in infants ' motor activity?\nAnswer: These results are in line with those reported by previous studies and confirm the relevance of using motor activity to delineate the early forms of interactive episodes in infants.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-151cc277325942828bd653daaf3c7cd0", "input": "Question: Does gANODERMA LUCIDUM improve PHYSICAL FITNESS IN WOMEN WITH FIBROMYALGIA?\nAnswer: Ganoderma lucidum may improve physical fitness in women with fibromyalgia, whereas, Ceratonia siliqua seemed to be ineffective at increasing physical fitness. These results may indicate that Ganoderma lucidum might be a useful dietary supplement to enhance physical performance of the patients suffering from fibromyalgia.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-6e9e0b3c8e42440b8fa7048dfa7017a2", "input": "Question: Is expression of epigenetic modifiers significantly altered by exposure to secondhand smoke?\nAnswer: Quantification of the expression of genes encoding DNA methyltransferases (Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b and Dnmt3l), methyl binding domain proteins (Mecp2, Mbd2 and Mbd3) and histone deacetylases (Hdac1 and Hdac2) by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed modest but not statistically significant differences in the relative transcription of these key epigenetic regulators between SHS-exposed mice and age-matched controls. The non-significant changes in the expression of main epigenetic modifiers in SHS-exposed mice imply that SHS may predominantly induce genotoxic effects, particularly at non-tumorigenic doses, whereas epigenetic effects may only be secondary and manifest en route to tumor formation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-14c7a90ce3b2427fa2e97c959d1391d7", "input": "Question: Does a novel N-acetyl-glucosamine lectin of Lonchocarpus araripensis attenuate acute cellular inflammation in mice?\nAnswer: The novel N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-binding lectin isolated from L. araripensis seeds presents anti-inflammatory effect involving the lectin domain and the inhibition of 5-HT, BK, PGE2, NO, TNF-\u03b1 and leukocyte rolling and adhesion.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a832279849e4d7e85979dbe8b17c557", "input": "Question: Is mortality in patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma increased : systematic analysis of 546 cases with long follow-up?\nAnswer: Despite the improvement of treatments over the last three decades, the mortality of patients with NFAs in our series remains high. Apart from age, factors related with the management/outcome of the tumor are not independent predictors, and pituitary hormone deficits managed with the currently-used substitution protocols do not adversely affect mortality.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed26a78465284d3896c5dda1a083fddf", "input": "Question: Does combination of Photodynamic Therapy and Specific Immunotherapy Efficiently eradicate Established Tumors?\nAnswer: We show that immunotherapy can be efficiently combined with PDT to eradicate established tumors, based on strong local tumor ablation and the induction of a robust systemic immune response. These results suggest combination of active immunotherapy with tumor ablation by PDT as a feasible novel treatment strategy for advanced cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d2645c06f959456ca8a4cdaa79f0816d", "input": "Question: Does age affect the clinical and radiological outcomes after open-wedge high tibial osteotomy?\nAnswer: OWHTO using the rigid long plate was an effective procedure independent of patient's age. The results showed that age did not influence the clinical and radiological outcomes after OWHTO.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-64d7a1d6de8f4e8a83ad0988a484a7c4", "input": "Question: Do patient-reported allergies cause inferior outcomes after total knee arthroplasty?\nAnswer: Patients with at least one self-reported allergy have worse post-operative outcomes in terms of the WOMAC and KSS-Knee scores after TKA than patients without allergies. These poor outcomes do not seem to be related to depression. Therefore, more research is needed to explain them. Reported allergies could be considered a prognostic factor and used when counselling TKA patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-54b794d727ee40aaa29659ba804b824d", "input": "Question: Do electronic cigarettes induce DNA strand breaks and cell death independently of nicotine in cell lines?\nAnswer: E-cigarette vapor, both with and without nicotine, is cytotoxic to epithelial cell lines and is a DNA strand break-inducing agent. Further assessment of the potential carcinogenic effects of e-cigarette vapor is urgently needed.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-358e59bc6c0447fe9e4628db3a884570", "input": "Question: Does long non-coding MIAT mediate high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial injury?\nAnswer: In summary, our data suggested that MIAT/Nrf2 served as an important signaling pathway for high glucose induced renal tubular epithelial injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d3493b85cc44d6b9d6ff79a34a50a6d", "input": "Question: Do flowers of the early-branching papilionoid legume Petaladenium urceoliferum display unique morphological and ontogenetic features?\nAnswer: The floral ontogeny confirms the close affinity of P. urceoliferum with the florally heterogeneous, early-diverging papilionoid Amburaneae clade. The results strengthen the theory of a distinct experimental phase among early-branching papilionoid legumes during which a wider range of floral morphologies arose. Polysymmetry, monosymmetry, variable organ numbers, and a wide range of ontogenetic patterns laid the foundation for a successful canalization toward the more restricted but well-adapted dorsiventral papilionoid flag blossom.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff00dcbadf1c4b50ba1fb72365410f94", "input": "Question: Is the arterial tumor enhancement pattern on contrast-enhanced computed tomography associated with primary cancer death after radiofrequency ablation for small hepatocellular carcinoma?\nAnswer: Arterial heterogeneous tumor enhancement on CECT is associated with critical recurrence and cancer death after RFA for small HCC.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f30ad8f288c2419cb65fc85fcf95b4dc", "input": "Question: Is informed consent instead of assent appropriate in children from the age of twelve : Policy implications of new findings on children 's competence to consent to clinical research?\nAnswer: Although assessment of children's competence has a normative character, ethics, law and clinical practice can benefit from research data. The findings may help to do justice to the capacities children possess and challenges they may face when deciding about treatment and research options. We discuss advantages and drawbacks of standardized competence assessment in children on a case-by-case basis compared to application of a fixed age limit, and conclude that a selective implementation of case-by-case competence assessment in specific populations is preferable. We recommend the implementation of age limits based on empirical evidence. Furthermore, we elaborate on a suitable model for informed consent involving children and parents that would do justice to developmental aspects of children and the specific characteristics of the parent-child dyad. Previous research outcomes showed that children's medical decision-making capacities could be operationalized into a standardized assessment instrument. Recommendations for policies include a dual consent procedure, including both child as well as parents, for children from the age of 12 until they reach majority. For children between 10 and 12 years of age, and in case of children older than 12 years in special research populations of mentally compromised patients, we suggest a case-by-case assessment of children's competence to consent. Since such a dual consent procedure is fundamentally different from a procedure of parental permission and child assent, and would imply a considerable shift regarding some current legislations, practical implications are elaborated.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b03896d11e3b490490cda4a03778ac16", "input": "Question: Is vacuum-assisted biopsy a viable alternative to surgical biopsy in the investigation of breast lesions of uncertain malignant potential?\nAnswer: The increase in VAB use over time suggests that the procedure is well tolerated. The results demonstrate a VAB sensitivity of 92% for carcinoma diagnosis. In 96% of cases (150 of 156), VAB results were conclusive enough to avoid a subsequent SBx. This data suggests that VAB may be a preferable alternative to surgical biopsy for many B3 lesions.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-c2be6891312e48a98b0d17a6f658fbd8", "input": "Question: Is anticholinergic burden associated with recurrent and injurious falls in older individuals?\nAnswer: The association between recurrent and injurious falls and the use of any medications listed in the ACB scale was mediated through gait and balance impairment but not by muscular weakness, providing a novel insight into the potential mechanistic link between ACB and falls. Future studies should determine whether TUG and FR measurements could help inform risk to benefit decisions where ACB medications are being considered.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad77312603684a3c8fdf3edf45fe6c67", "input": "Question: Does a Radiation-Induced Hippocampal Vascular Injury Surrogate Marker predict Late Neurocognitive Dysfunction?\nAnswer: The early hippocampal vascular dose response could be a predictor of late neurocognitive dysfunction. A personalized hippocampus sparing strategy may be considered in the future.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d70640c2ad8476d9887e2e9fc9fb0d8", "input": "Question: Does prolonged use of human insulin increase breast cancer risk in Taiwanese women with type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: This study discloses a significantly higher risk of breast cancer associated with prolonged use of human insulin. The increased risk of breast cancer associated with human insulin use may be modified by medications such as metformin, statin and ACEI/ARB.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-35318d3163f64245a4743c99c3922830", "input": "Question: Do patients with ClearCode34-identified molecular subtypes of clear cell renal cell carcinoma represent unique populations with distinct comorbidities?\nAnswer: ClearCode34, after considering distinct patterns of comorbidities in each molecular subtype, remains a strong prognostic tool in patients with ccRCC. Obesity and diabetes mellitus emerged as factors that may influence ccRCC phenotypes and further studies investigating the effect of these metabolic conditions functionally onto tumor biology are warranted. Additionally, use of angiotensin system inhibitors could be studied in the context of ccRCC molecular classification in future studies to better understand its effect on ccRCC outcomes.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2d471aea946418a9d80c5b1be7f2f4c", "input": "Question: Is [ Nucleolin expression correlated with carcinogenesis and progression of cervical squamous cell carcinoma ]?\nAnswer: Overexpression of nucleolin plays an important role during carcinogenesis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and is positively correlated with tumor progression of CIN and cervical squamous cell carcinoma.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-b18e9122cadc491991a2f097b8d15a5d", "input": "Question: Do impaired post-tetanic potentiation of muscle twitch in myasthenia gravis?\nAnswer: Post-tetanic potentiation of muscle twitch is significantly diminished in MG, suggesting impaired excitation-contraction coupling.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-424bff8c4b0a4b25b116368dd6670fcc", "input": "Question: Does a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and calcium channel blocker SCR-1693 improve A\u03b225-35-impaired mouse cognitive function?\nAnswer: All these findings indicated that SCR-1693, as a double-target-direction agent, is a considerable candidate for AD therapy.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d18b6e371354cb799fa3bcaf6b0bac6", "input": "Question: Is rANK/OPG ratio of expression in primary clear-cell renal cell carcinoma associated with bone metastasis and prognosis in patients treated with anti-VEGFR-TKIs?\nAnswer: RANK/OPG ratio of expression in primary ccRCC is associated with BM and prognosis in patients treated with anti-VEGFR-TKIs. Prospective validation is warranted.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-1cbdcfabd53b4312b0b32eb79a766e7a", "input": "Question: Does a Her2-let-7-\u03b22-AR circuit affect prognosis in patients with Her2-positive breast cancer?\nAnswer: The mutual and reciprocal interaction between Her2, \u03b22-AR, and let-7f may maintain a high level of \u03b22-AR in breast cancer cells. Our data suggest that \u03b22-AR may be a new useful biomarker for predicting prognosis in Her2-positive breast cancer and may also be a promising selective therapeutic target for the aggressive subtype of breast cancer.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-255968ce3db645678b30f7099c412506", "input": "Question: Does mutant GDF15 present a poor prognostic outcome for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: Patients with missense GDF15 mutations have significantly poorer outcomes than those with wild-type GDF15, missense GDF15 mutations could be used as an independent increased risk factor of poor prognosis in OSCC patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-4ce779a8f12e4730aa7cbde14cb01de5", "input": "Question: Does thiosulfate mediate Cytoprotective Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide Against Neuronal Ischemia?\nAnswer: The protective effects of H2S are mediated by thiosulfate that is transported across cell membrane by NaS-2 and exerts antiapoptotic effects via persulfidation of caspase-3. Given the established safety track record, thiosulfate may be therapeutic against ischemic brain injury.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca50ed2be33b47579b3fbd8331437210", "input": "Question: Is zFX a Strong Predictor of Poor Prognosis in Renal Cell Carcinoma?\nAnswer: Our findings show that ZFX could be considered as a predictor for prognosis of RCC patients.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c2d29de383b4f1ea3c141ac6682c2dd", "input": "Question: Does oligo-based High-resolution aCGH Analysis enhance Routine Cytogenetic Diagnostics in Haematological Malignancies?\nAnswer: oaCGH analysis is a valuable asset in routine cytogenetics of haematological malignancies.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-788654fe48d3479ebde817ce1708d0a3", "input": "Question: Does systematic Tracking of Disrupted Modules identify Altered Pathways Associated with Congenital Heart Defects in Down Syndrome?\nAnswer: We successfully identified 4 altered pathways and we predicted that these pathways would be good indicators for CHD in DS.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-08a59e35cd63449a9bacebe35ea584e0", "input": "Question: Does iloprost and vitamin C attenuate acute myocardial injury induced by suprarenal aortic ischemia-reperfusion in rabbits?\nAnswer: This study clearly showed that myocardial injury and edema occurred after ischemia-reperfusion of abdominal aorta and that groups administered with iloprost and iloprost+vitamin C showed an attenuation of ischemia-reperfusion injury in distant organs (Tab. 3, Fig. 4, Ref. 30).", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff2ae9c71c83434196de5871f232c736", "input": "Question: Does pain intensity attenuate movement control of the lumbar spine in low back pain?\nAnswer: Our results indicate changes in movement control in people suffering from LBP. Whether decreased recurrence and determinism of lumbar movement patterns are intensifiers of LBP intensity or a consequence thereof should be addressed in a future prospective study.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-d79c553c3cc4425eb67682ecee68e7d2", "input": "Question: Does sildenafil treatment attenuate ventricular remodeling in an experimental model of aortic regurgitation?\nAnswer: Sildenafil slightly inhibits LV remodeling and improves fractional shortening in rats with AR when treatment is initiated early.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd73a298bc8f4145a91aa23b0cc862b1", "input": "Question: Does 4-Hydroxyisoleucine ameliorate an insulin resistant-like state in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by regulating TACE/TIMP3 expression?\nAnswer: 4-HIL improved an obesity-associated IR-like state in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by targeting TACE/TIMP3 and the insulin signaling pathway.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-f077ffc6209c46169dee7bb9a8332863", "input": "Question: Is a Western dietary pattern associated with higher blood pressure in Iranian adolescents?\nAnswer: The findings suggest that a Western dietary pattern is associated with higher BP in Iranian adolescents. However, additional large-scale prospective studies with adequate methodological quality are required to confirm these findings.", "output": [ "yes" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e6403f44763425b9112dfca61cb303b", "input": "Question: Is nerve Growth Factor Expression Associated with Perineural Invasion in Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma?\nAnswer: Intratumoral nerve growth factor expression is not associated with perineural invasion or recurrence-free and overall survival in patients with resected extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-009a61527108491baae16275e42e4dec", "input": "Question: Is late follicular progesterone to estradiol ratio influenced by protocols or gonadotropins used?\nAnswer: Endometrial receptivity is determined by the complex interactions of E2 and P.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-79f7c44d98cf4c16ab09899b721b147e", "input": "Question: Are drug Transporter Genetic Variants Associated with TDF-Related Renal Dysfunction in Patients with HIV-1 Infection : A Pharmacogenetic Study?\nAnswer: SNPs of the drug transporters for TDF are not associated with clinically important renal outcomes in patients who initiated TDF-containing ART.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b87b94b211bb4b31ad8398e0885ee485", "input": "Question: Does exposure to concentrated ambient particles affect vascular function in patients with coronary heart disease?\nAnswer: Despite achieving marked increases in particulate matter, exposure to CAPs--low in combustion-derived particles--did not affect vasomotor or fibrinolytic function in either middle-aged healthy volunteers or patients with coronary heart disease. These findings contrast with previous exposures to dilute diesel exhaust and highlight the importance of particle composition in determining the vascular effects of particulate matter in humans.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-88c39ddc408a46ad9bd7fdf1f59a4f68", "input": "Question: Is suboptimal response to adefovir dipivoxil therapy for chronic hepatitis B in nucleoside-naive patients due to pre-existing drug-resistant mutants?\nAnswer: Suboptimal response to ADV might result from a host pharmacological effect or from patient compliance issues rather than from a reduced susceptibility of HBV to ADV.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-516cb6f9f65d47cd9ebf09113f879edc", "input": "Question: Does application of Evicel to cavernous nerves of the rat influence erectile function in vivo?\nAnswer: These data suggest that the hemostatic agent, Evicel, is safe in an experimental rat model of erection physiology, with no detrimental effects on neuroregulatory control of erection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-466fd7d796ca4ceb870f313c00635f72", "input": "Question: Is lPS-induced MCP-1 and IL-6 production reversed by oestrogen in human periodontal ligament cells?\nAnswer: LPS stimulates PDL cell IL-6 and MCP-1 production but has no effect on the normal physiological properties of PDL cells. LPS-induced IL-6 and MCP-1 is not reversed by oestrogen suggesting that oestrogen exerts no anti-inflammatory effect via this mechanism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed1e07f21c9c4694b7a879e7b8389644", "input": "Question: Does gait analysis correlate with clinical and MR imaging parameters in patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis?\nAnswer: According to the results of this study MRI findings failed to show a major clinical relevance when evaluating the walking distance in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis and, therefore, should be treated with some caution as a predictor of walking distance. In determining the disease pattern of spinal stenosis functional back capacity and BMI might play a more active role than previously thought.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a16546f5d79243f794b206ac9345b66d", "input": "Question: Does pharmacological and genetic inhibition of NADPH oxidase reduce brain damage in different models of perinatal brain injury in newborn mice?\nAnswer: NADPH oxidase is upregulated after hypoxia-ischemia and activated microglia cells are a possible source of Nox2-derived ROS. In contrast to findings in adult brain, NADPH oxidase does not significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of perinatal brain injury. Results obtained in adult animals cannot be transferred to newborns and inhibition of NADPH oxidase should not be used in attempts to attenuate injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b0a0cbeb2d6548feba911c4b5650ab5e", "input": "Question: Is pRNP 1368 polymorphism associated with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the Korean population?\nAnswer: A significant difference of genotype and allele frequencies at PRNP 1368 was found between the normal Korean population and various European populations. In contrast to the results in the British and German populations, our study does not show a significant difference in genotype (P = 0.2763) and allele (P = 0.3750) frequencies of PRNP 1368 between sporadic CJD and normal controls.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f492e0001aba40699133e56e289430c1", "input": "Question: Is m129V polymorphism in the prion protein gene associated with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in a Han Chinese population?\nAnswer: The present study provides evidence that the M129V polymorphism in the PRNP gene is not associated with MTLE in a Han Chinese population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-43b85245ea0f4afab067ded5f88f89d2", "input": "Question: Are mannose-binding lectin polymorphisms associated with rheumatoid arthritis -- confirmation in two large cohorts?\nAnswer: MBL genotype groups are not associated with RA disease susceptibility or severity in this large study including a confirmation cohort. Compared with previous smaller studies these results add to more definite conclusions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8bfb96dd0204f7e96d437a8e3aa2be1", "input": "Question: Are higher plasma myeloperoxidase levels associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events in HIV-infected adults?\nAnswer: In contrast to the general population, higher MPO levels were not predictive of CV events in this study, underscoring the fact that pathways operative in HIV arteriopathy may be distinct from traditional CV disease pathogenesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-90f280b889764c2c8dfa613de8671483", "input": "Question: Does persistent N2 disease after induction therapy jeopardize early and medium term outcomes of pneumonectomy?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that pneumonectomy is justified in patients with persistent N2 disease after induction chemotherapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d16e2ad22dea4d1c8e3946f3b58942e4", "input": "Question: Does growth hormone ( GH ) treatment restore endothelial function in children with GH deficiency?\nAnswer: These results indicate that endothelial function is impaired in children with GHD. GH therapy does not restore the impairment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5a3612000364d3e83f460c1e0ba9936", "input": "Question: Does the reversal of amphetamine-induced locomotor activation by a selective neurotensin-1 receptor agonist exhibit tolerance?\nAnswer: The results do not support the development of tolerance for the acute antipsychotic-like effect of NT1 agonists and thus lend support to the contention that NT1 agonists are viable candidates as putative novel antipsychotic drugs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f4301a9e013c4e7dae0f694da8c54e49", "input": "Question: Is intermittent Pringle manoeuvre associated with adverse long-term prognosis after resection for colorectal liver metastases?\nAnswer: IPM is not associated with an adverse long-term prognosis in patients undergoing liver resection for CRLM.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bc9893a1b9d54de9a28a53a089564a77", "input": "Question: Is thrombosis confined to the portal vein a contraindication for living donor liver transplantation?\nAnswer: A thrombosis confined to the portal vein per se should not be considered a contraindication for LDLT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d0f4e5a68a0d43ef94d3f5c83b3cc5f9", "input": "Question: Does pTEN loss predict for response to RAD001 ( Everolimus ) in a glioblastoma orthotopic xenograft test panel?\nAnswer: These data suggest that loss of PTEN function is insufficient to adequately predict responsiveness to mTOR inhibitors in glioblastoma multiforme.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-79255f41bceb444b9192cd6925071247", "input": "Question: Does percutaneous coronary intervention for acute MI prevent in-hospital development of cardiogenic shock compared to fibrinolysis?\nAnswer: Angioplasty does not prevent the in-hospital development of cardiogenic shock complicating acute MI compared to fibrinolysis. Cardiogenic shock is still the leading cause of death in patients hospitalised for acute MI. There was no difference in mortality, with regards to treatment strategy in patients developing cardiogenic shock after the initial treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-59fa8322e0c44d3b893d033acdd31577", "input": "Question: Is bcl-2 expression associated with survival in metastatic cutaneous melanoma : a historical cohort study?\nAnswer: The immunohistochemical expression of bcl-2 in metastasis alone is not a prognostic marker for CM.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-219a9e5bffeb433890f676eb2997030d", "input": "Question: Do total serum homocysteine levels identify cognitive dysfunction in multimorbid elderly patients?\nAnswer: Elevated serum Hcys levels with normal plasma folate and vitamin B12 concentrations were observed in multimorbid elderly patients. The plasma Hcys level did not appear to be an important biological risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in multimorbid geriatric patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd4f9c6cc7c845b88f3c7444e3df2af9", "input": "Question: Does mDM2SNP309 associate with elevated MDM2 protein expression or breast cancer risk?\nAnswer: Our data clearly show neither association between SNP309 and cancer risk, nor the responsibility of G allele for increased MDM2 or decreased of p53 protein levels in human primary breast tumors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d323e2723b247b888b5c6be11f24788", "input": "Question: Do 5-Azacytidine-treated human mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells derived from umbilical cord , cord blood and bone marrow generate cardiomyocytes in vitro at high frequencies?\nAnswer: Although MSCs may be useful for such clinical applications as bone or cartilage repair, the results presented here indicate that such cells do not generate cardiomyocytes frequently enough for cardiac repair. Their efficacy in heart repair is likely to be due to paracrine mechanisms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1535fb42138142ef99d491c552280484", "input": "Question: Is dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa associated with frequent FLG gene mutations?\nAnswer: DEB-Pr develops as a result of COL7A1 gene mutations and acquired phenotype-modifying factors. Filaggrin mutations did not contribute to the pruriginous phenotype in the present patient cohort.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9da9c890e68441b8b84fbefe67f78f3e", "input": "Question: Does gabapentin reduce post-thoracotomy shoulder pain : a randomized , double-blind placebo-controlled study?\nAnswer: Pre-emptively administered gabapentin, 1200 mg, does not reduce the incidence, or the severity, of post-thoracotomy shoulder pain in patients receiving thoracic epidural analgesia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b7a0dfe824d45d0868e4458a35a60ca", "input": "Question: Does a benzodiazepine discontinuation programme increase the frequency of contacts with the family practice?\nAnswer: No clinically important differences in practice contacts were observed when the course of the number of contacts and non-benzodiazepine prescriptions were compared between the experimental and control groups. Family practitioners do not have to anticipate an increased workload associated with participation in such a benzodiazepine discontinuation programme.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e1da822a4b6b4ff899c1112aa3c37dfb", "input": "Question: Is aprotinin associated with postoperative renal impairment after primary coronary surgery?\nAnswer: Aprotinin treatment during primary coronary surgery was not associated with impaired postoperative renal function in comparison with patients treated with tranexamic acid.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a18587b11c2947939723cacf7c0b9146", "input": "Question: Are endometrial receptivity and implantation affected by the presence of uterine intramural leiomyomas : a clinical and functional genomics analysis?\nAnswer: This study provides evidence that intramural leiomyomas not affecting the endometrial cavity alters the expression pattern of some endometrial genes, but the genes involved in implantation are not affected. This is confirmed by leiomyomas having no effect on oocyte donation outcome when the size and number of leiomyomas are analyzed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-044e5e288d3b4b9c8b7f0a5a94cf48fc", "input": "Question: Does eating disorder psychopathology predict the overweight severity in subjects seeking weight loss treatment?\nAnswer: The severity of the specific and general eating disorder psychopathology does not predict the levels of overweight. A positive association between severe eating disorder psychopathology and clinical depression was observed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dff08cd715a8442db5d0ea8222526a30", "input": "Question: Does age hamper the response to pulmonary rehabilitation of COPD patients?\nAnswer: among elderly patients with COPD, a comprehensive rehabilitation programme can significantly improve the 6'WD even in the presence of chronic hypoxemia. The most physically impaired patients achieve the greatest benefit from rehabilitation, but we could not develop a model accurately predicting the response to rehabilitation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1dfcc555b1b4b2db5e1ee50aca995b8", "input": "Question: Does icodextrin impact infectious and culture-negative peritonitis rates in peritoneal dialysis patients : a 2-year multicentre , comparative , prospective cohort study?\nAnswer: Subjects receiving icodextrin as part of their PD regimen experienced neither a higher rate of culture-negative peritonitis nor a lower rate of infectious peritonitis compared with non-icodextrin users. There was no significant influence of the icodextrin raw material supplier on peritonitis rates.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-996d684c60224ec88492bba094363acd", "input": "Question: Do human papillomaviruses play an aetiological role in M\u00fcllerian adenosarcomas of the uterine cervix?\nAnswer: HPVs do not appear to play an aetiological role in cervical adenosarcomas. This suggests that a different histogenetic pathway for this rare tumour type must exist.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fa78d0efa414f70b4e61a90e8bf2bfe", "input": "Question: Are fragile histidine triad gene alterations essential for hepatocellular carcinoma development in South Korea?\nAnswer: Aberrant FHIT transcripts were more common in HCC tissues as compared to non-cancerous liver tissues. However, Fhit expression was lost or reduced in a minor fraction of HCC tissues, while it was strongly expressed in non-cancerous liver tissues. Therefore, our study suggests that FHIT plays a role in relatively few HCC cases in South Korea.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b5afecc8db954a59bdcd6e2674e56e92", "input": "Question: Do novel cardiovascular risk factors completely explain the higher prevalence of peripheral arterial disease among African Americans . The San Diego Population Study?\nAnswer: Traditional and novel CVD risk factors only partially explain the higher prevalence of PAD among African Americans.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff7642b8dc8c48d2b1bfd9eb74b04abe", "input": "Question: Does the pro-apoptotic K-Ras 4A proto-oncoprotein affect tumorigenesis in the ApcMin/+ mouse small intestine?\nAnswer: The K-Ras 4A proto-oncoprotein does not exhibit tumour suppressor activity in the small intestine, even though the K-ras 4A/4B ratio is reduced in adenomas lacking K-ras activating mutations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e340a6afe8b4d78bb4390f65233fc89", "input": "Question: Do serum gastrin and pepsinogens correlate with the different grades of severity of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease : a matched case-control study?\nAnswer: Serum gastrin and pepsinogen I and II do not correlate with the different grades of severity of GERD. The non-invasive GastroPanel is not useful for the differentiation of the various forms of GERD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-287d94f5c0554155b6b46d0427677101", "input": "Question: Is tDP-43 a common cause of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?\nAnswer: Our data indicate that genetic variation in TARDBP is not a common cause of sporadic ALS in North American.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c73090b64fc045aa9bcb88b4142e66fa", "input": "Question: Are the effects of high glucose on human endothelial cell growth and gene expression mediated by transforming growth factor-beta?\nAnswer: These combined observations indicate that (a) endothelial cells exposed to high glucose do not secrete TGF-beta in excess of control cells, (b) there are growth-inhibitory effects of high glucose that are independent of TGF-beta, and (c) high glucose and TGF-beta exert their effects through distinct pathways and at different loci.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f3b534dcc624349bb20d3746ca3dfeb", "input": "Question: Does severe acidosis alone predict mortality in the trauma patient?\nAnswer: Severe acidosis alone is not a sufficiently powerful predictor of outcome to justify withholding resuscitation; however, when combined with coma and shock, this condition had no survivors in this small series.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4af1da613e0f453f8e56093d4c72be5e", "input": "Question: Is microsatellite instability in human colonic cancer a useful clinical indicator of familial colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: Although some very small, and as yet undefined, proportion of colon cancer may be caused by inherited mutations leading to microsatellite instability, tumoral instability by itself is not a marker for familiality and should not be considered as evidence for an inherited syndrome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6d6292fd306841c9bb101b223601ef6a", "input": "Question: Does dimethyl sulfoxide trigger urine histamine release in interstitial cystitis?\nAnswer: The relief of symptoms reported in 50% to 77% of patients treated with intravesical DMSO is not related to detectable mast cell release of histamine. Other mechanisms of action must be investigated to explain the beneficial effect of this agent.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9edaddc3f30480183a62023961cd9e2", "input": "Question: Is respiratory function deterioration time-linked with upper-limb onset in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?\nAnswer: Pulmonary function deterioration does not appear to be time-linked to arm onset in ALS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d8481cd3d99a495d87b5acd2e092d652", "input": "Question: Is except for alanine , muscle protein catabolism influenced by alterations in glucose metabolism during sepsis?\nAnswer: The findings of this study demonstrate a universal acceleration in the metabolic rates of both intermediary glucose metabolism and protein/amino acid catabolism during sepsis. Except for alanine, however, there appears to be no coupling between these two physiologic responses to sepsis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c1770c9d845c423a8fe7081543a9d55f", "input": "Question: Does topical vancomycin applied on closure of the sternotomy wound prevent high levels of systemic vancomycin?\nAnswer: Topical vancomycin causes significant systemic concentrations in the 6h post-surgery and can be detected in the urine for up to 5 days post-surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-25bceca7a31c4dd699b221334ec297ef", "input": "Question: Is endoglin a major susceptibility gene for intracranial aneurysm among Japanese?\nAnswer: We provide evidence that there is no association between the 6bINS polymorphism or 4 SNPs in ENG and IA and that there is no linkage between the ENG locus and IA, indicating that ENG is not a major susceptibility gene for IA in Japanese.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b0855a104424565903cd1c53b763724", "input": "Question: Do simple anatomical measurements correlate significantly to individual peripheral nerve stimulation thresholds as measured in MRI gradient coils?\nAnswer: These results suggest it is unlikely that a simple physiologic measurement of subject anatomy can be used to guide the operation of MRI scanners in a subject-specific manner in order to increase gradient system performance while avoiding PNS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-20b29ddd77c746c4bd6121c46303b933", "input": "Question: Does amifostine reduce the toxicity of the fludarabine and cyclophosphamide regimen in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia?\nAnswer: The study amifostine regimen did not reduce the toxicity or activity of the FC regimen in patients with CLL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-310cd81559a840c58617a8863721f5d8", "input": "Question: Does adenosine-activated myocardial ischemia induce delayed preconditioning?\nAnswer: Adenosine-induced ischemia does not exert a delayed protective effect in respect to cardiac bioelectrical and mechanical functions in patients with ischemic heart disease in the form of stable effort angina.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2afcae2b86ee4f7b947de527561e4c07", "input": "Question: Do scirrhous changes in dysplastic nodules indicate high-grade status?\nAnswer: This evidence indicated that the scirrhous change in DN was not a specific feature of high-grade DN. We also found that scirrhous DN have two morphological varieties that may represent biologically different processes, that is, pericellular scirrhous type and stellate scirrhous type.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f24f9eda36894fcb91df54f785d68a87", "input": "Question: Is rhinovirus detectable in peripheral lung tissue after asthma death?\nAnswer: RV infection of the lower airway may be an uncommon cause of fatal asthma. Alternatively, RV may not extend to peripheral airways and more proximal tissue sampling or PCR assays for other viruses may be required to determine an association between viral respiratory tract infection and fatal asthma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-87c99145283848fd9e41e7cc483732d6", "input": "Question: Does extent of parietal peritonectomy change intraperitoneal chemotherapy pharmacokinetics?\nAnswer: The extent of parietal peritoneal resection did not affect the pharmacokinetics of intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy. The pharmacological barrier between the abdominopelvic cavity and plasma is not directly related to an intact peritoneum.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-38d48cb9bcf849be9d8b5b424b634711", "input": "Question: Does the R271W mutant form of Pit-1 act as a dominant inhibitor of Pit-1 action to activate the promoters of GH and prolactin genes?\nAnswer: Taken together with the evidence that phenotypically normal cases have been reported with this mutation, our results deny the relationship between R271W and combined pituitary hormone deficiency.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-87d033bd21774d9b95a444d4803f9a60", "input": "Question: Is calcium-sensing receptor gene polymorphism associated with bone mineral density in Italian postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: Our data do not support a role of A986S CaR polymorphism in BMD and in the prevalence of fragility fractures in Italian postmenopausal women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e5b4a3ed4054ae5ac8827e10867588a", "input": "Question: Do alpha-2 adrenoreceptors probably mediate the immobility produced by inhaled anesthetics?\nAnswer: Although stimulation (agonism) of alpha-2 adrenoreceptors can decrease the inhaled anesthetic concentration required to produce immobility in the face of noxious stimulation, blockade of alpha-2 adrenoreceptors minimally affects the concentration. Thus, augmentation of the effect of alpha-2 adrenoreceptors is not an appreciable part of the mechanism whereby inhaled anesthetics produce immobility.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6bfec481330a49d8a85eccd7f5bb28bb", "input": "Question: Does acute administration of conjugated equine oestrogen improve exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia in men with coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: Acute parenteral oestrogen therapy did not increase total exercise time or time to the onset of electrocardiographic changes of ischaemia in men with chronic stable coronary artery disease. These findings contrast the favourable effects of oestrogen in women in comparable studies and indicate a sex specificity for the acute cardiovascular effects of oestrogen.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2db111daaf5845cdaac06bacd3de3442", "input": "Question: Is an Ile93Met substitution in the UCH-L1 gene a disease-causing mutation for idiopathic Parkinson 's disease?\nAnswer: Our study suggested that Ile93Met of UCH-L1 gene did not influence risk of IPD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e369d2d93a284b1aa7e64dbb816ebe36", "input": "Question: Have the increased utilisation of dopamine agonists and the introduction of COMT inhibitors reduced levodopa consumption -- a nation-wide perspective in Sweden?\nAnswer: The consumption of levodopa in Sweden continues to increase in spite of a dramatic increase in the utilisation of dopamine agonists and the introduction of COMT-inhibitors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-83800fcbd7144930bd9fe787ff609351", "input": "Question: Is albumin-adjusted calcium suitable for diagnosis of hyper- and hypocalcemia in the critically ill?\nAnswer: Albumin-adjusted calcium cannot be used in an intensive care setting to monitor reliably the calcium levels in critically ill patients and should be replaced by measurement of ionized calcium.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f7d9622fa87d4886a60d36546fc4070b", "input": "Question: Does foam during reconstitution affect the potency of botulinum toxin type A?\nAnswer: Botox maintains its potency even in the presence of foaming during the reconstitution process.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-25bc32332b5e4cc18e495d996da46f69", "input": "Question: Is reduction in alkaline sphingomyelinase in colorectal tumorigenesis related to the APC gene mutation?\nAnswer: Alkaline sphingomyelinase is not directly linked to adenomatous polyposis coli gene mutations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-27ba3355a124463d8d802871ccaa6514", "input": "Question: Are angiogenesis and dendritic cell density correlated with metachronous distant metastasis in curatively operated rectal cancer?\nAnswer: Angiogenesis and dendritic cell density are not prognostic factors for metachronous distant metastasis in rectal cancer and therefore cannot serve as selection parameters for adjuvant therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae3f60bc70754826aace79cf1ab8a420", "input": "Question: Is contralateral groin exploration justified in infants with a unilateral inguinal hernia?\nAnswer: The low incidence and benign nature of contralateral hernia development in infants undergoing a unilateral inguinal herniotomy does not justify routine contralateral groin exploration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a1f0363e86345928348401e17aaae73", "input": "Question: Is l-arginine-induced vasodilation of the renal vasculature altered in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: L-arginine-induced vasodilation of the renal vasculature is not different between a group of hypertensive diabetic patients and a young, healthy reference group. These data were obtained using low-dose L-arginine infusion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-00254396e9294152819640e702afdeaf", "input": "Question: Do anti-oxidant properties of N-acetyl-L-cysteine improve the immune resistance of mice fed dietary lipids to Listeria monocytogenes infection?\nAnswer: On the basis of these results, we can confirm that the administration of NAC improves survival in mice fed LF diet, whereas a reduction in the generation of superoxide radicals was measured in mice fed a FO diet and infected with L. monocytogenes. Similarly, bacterial recovery was diminished in mice fed diets containing LF or HCO. Hence, these data reveal a beneficial effect of NAC in mice fed LF or HCO and a detrimental action of this antioxidant in mice fed diets containing FO or OO.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-58e8fb921cf8496a99ab64790e728d5d", "input": "Question: Does health related quality of life in Crohn 's proctocolitis differ from a general population when in remission?\nAnswer: The health related quality of life for patients with Crohn's proctocolitis in remission does not differ from the general population. The disease has, however, a negative impact on parenthood, family life and professional performance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0477924090b8446c9ad8afd7532bc793", "input": "Question: Does progesterone influence vascular function in postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: We conclude that progesterone given without oestrogen does not adversely affect vascular function in postmenopausal women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0bb6ab3e3c524c31b446d7827f664def", "input": "Question: Is cytokeratin 20 a tissue-specific marker for the detection of malignant epithelial cells in the blood of colorectal cancer patients?\nAnswer: The lack of colon tissue-specificity renders ck20 useless as a marker for the post-operative surveillance of colorectal cancer patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9616caae909e48fe975ba9be43824c21", "input": "Question: Does implantation of different malignant human cell lines in an athymic mouse alter success and growth rates of either xenograft?\nAnswer: Implantation of Raji xenografts and HBT 3477 breast cancer xenografts in the same mouse did not affect xenograft success or growth rates, even when whole-body radiation of 4 Gy was used to promote Raji xenografts. These observations are not intended to imply an absence of differences in other biological parameters in this sytem or to encourage extrapolation of the conclusions indiscriminately to other preclinical models. Contrarily, our aim was to encourage other investigators to further validate these frequently used approaches.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f66b9e5f8a34d0383a222b3cd49ed5e", "input": "Question: Does calcium supplementation for 1 y reduce body weight or fat mass in young girls?\nAnswer: Habitual dietary calcium intake was inversely associated with body fat, but a low-dose calcium supplement had no effect on body weight, height, or body fat over 1 y in young girls. It is possible that the effect of calcium on body weight is only exerted if it is ingested as part of a meal, or the effect may be due to other ingredients in dairy products, and calcium may simply be a marker for a high dairy intake.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-38884bcbb5084557b9e8f3d982f0dfc6", "input": "Question: Does infliximab therapy modify MMP-2 and MMP-9 serum concentrations in chronic arthritis?\nAnswer: Our study provides further evidence that blocking TNFalpha by infliximab is a powerful tool in the management of chronic arthritis. Nevertheless, infliximab does not seem to be able to modify the serum expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, probably because modification of these enzymes is restricted to the site of joint inflammation and serum detection can not truly mirror the local situation. Additional soluble factors correlating with joint damage should be investigated as possible markers for monitoring anti-TNFalpha therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-735cfdf3b02a4e1b82136be6974c2085", "input": "Question: Does short-term soy and probiotic supplementation markedly affect concentrations of reproductive hormones in postmenopausal women with and without histories of breast cancer?\nAnswer: These data suggest that short-term, moderate consumption of isoflavone-containing soy protein and consumption of these particular probiotic capsules do not significantly alter reproductive hormone concentrations in breast cancer survivors or controls, regardless of equol producer status.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2695faa66d142eaa6c101f74626c921", "input": "Question: Is adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy in childhood associated with atopic disease later in life?\nAnswer: Our data show no association between adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy in childhood and the incidence of atopic disease in young adults.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c38a19cc07e24b4fa29b08555b6b8eb0", "input": "Question: Do common polymorphisms of the growth hormone ( GH ) receptor correlate with the growth response to exogenous recombinant human GH in GH-deficient children?\nAnswer: The most common GHR polymorphisms, alone or in association, do not appear to affect the growth response to rhGH in GHD children.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-28eaa6eb5f614310ace1294568794214", "input": "Question: Does cXCL12 attract CXCR4+ human metastatic neuroblastoma cells : clinical implications?\nAnswer: These results show unambiguously that CXCR4 expressed in human metastatic neuroblastoma cells is not functional and do not support the clinical use of CXCR4 antagonists to prevent neuroblastoma metastasis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8bfeaa0b1db24dd49e0ca4cb6697cedf", "input": "Question: Do erythrocyte concentrations of metabolites or cumulative doses of 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate predict liver changes in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia?\nAnswer: Erythrocyte levels of the metabolites or the cumulative doses of 6MP and MTX do not predict histological liver disease in children treated for ALL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-caa53defaa1e48ff8201b4a1d6d888f9", "input": "Question: Is an absent pulse sensitive for the early detection of peripheral arterial disease?\nAnswer: Pulse palpation is not sensitive for the detection of PAD compared to ABI. More than two thirds of the patients within our cohort with PAD of either the left or right leg had a detectable pulse.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad62e1f2163043808c4952b1f5e78c3a", "input": "Question: Does polymorphism of the glycoprotein Ia and IIIa in the group of women in childbirth correlate with an increased risk of developing thrombosis?\nAnswer: Our results did not show the causative relationship between the existence of platelets GP IIIa/GP Ia mutations and venous system thrombosis in the women in labor. Probably presence of pro-thrombotic mutations of platelets glycoprotein in this group of patients does not represent the increased risk of thrombosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-863c9771b681455c95fde7db97e8e308", "input": "Question: Does hypotension increase mortality in brain-injured patients more than it does in non-brain-injured Patients?\nAnswer: Hypotension is an independent risk factor for mortality. However, it does not increase mortality in TBI patients more than it does for non-TBI patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-af4d621f7b314a5f937f50ff8328b3a6", "input": "Question: Does indexed effective orifice area after mechanical aortic valve replacement affect left ventricular mass regression in elderly?\nAnswer: The major finding of our study is that patient-prosthesis mismatch does not affect left ventricular mass regression in patients older than 65 with pure aortic stenosis who underwent mechanical aortic valve replacement. In older patients with low cardiac output requirements, even a small change in the valve effective orifice area after aortic valve replacement with modern efficient mechanical prosthesis, will result in a marked reduction of pressure gradient and this will be associated with a significant regression of left ventricular mass.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c0bde0b44c9e451491539180a74519a1", "input": "Question: Does the incorporation of prior genomic information necessarily improve the performance of Bayesian linkage methods : an example involving sex-specific recombination and the two-point PPL?\nAnswer: Incorporating (correct) prior genomic information is not always helpful. We recommend that the PPLSA be used as the standard form of the PPL regardless of the sex-specific recombination rates in the region of the marker in question.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-39dd7c1d31aa43c29f0e71f5a82fa279", "input": "Question: Are cARD15 single nucleotide polymorphisms 8 , 12 and 13 increased in ethnic Danes with sarcoidosis?\nAnswer: The frequency of CARD15 mutations is not increased in ethnic Danish patients with sarcoidosis, and heterozygosity for such mutations apparently has no influence on the course of disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bba1a241a5384bcbb8e550a06c8803e7", "input": "Question: Is removal of the OptEase retrievable vena cava filter feasible after extended time periods because of filter protrusion through the vena cava?\nAnswer: Removal of the retrievable OptEase VCF may be successfully performed up to 14 days after insertion. Strut protrusion through the VC wall prohibited successful and safe removal at extended time intervals.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-56085596aea248919780ebc3c9049995", "input": "Question: Are women with a prior diagnosis of breast cancer at an increased risk for subsequent colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: Women with a prior diagnosis of breast cancer are not at an increased risk of colorectal cancer; these women can follow average risk screening guidelines for colorectal cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e0c8ef2cd1a43798431ef6047a75ffe", "input": "Question: Does patellar taping change the amplitude of electromyographic activity of the vasti in a stair stepping task?\nAnswer: The results of this study indicate that the positive clinical effects of medially directed therapeutic tape are not due to changes in EMG amplitude of the vasti muscle. Thus other effects such as changes in timing of contraction of the vasti are more likely candidates for the mechanism of efficacy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fae43c85462649e78ff879e3f2df7443", "input": "Question: Are high dose magnesium infusions associated with increased pressor requirements after carotid endarterectomy?\nAnswer: There were no significant differences detected in the 1) percentage of patients requiring pressor support, 2) the duration of postoperative pressor support, or 3) the amount of phenylephrine support needed between controls and magnesium treated patients. The percentage of patients requiring pressure support depended on the minimum systolic blood pressure ordered after surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5ff23cbc25845adad9589d36e31d452", "input": "Question: Is nuchal cord associated with adverse perinatal outcome?\nAnswer: Nuchal cord is not associated with adverse perinatal outcome. Thus, labor induction in such cases is probably unnecessary.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8cc87e0db0de496888c0024abb5f1c93", "input": "Question: Do total IgE levels change 1 year after endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis?\nAnswer: The levels of total serum IgE do not change after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. IgE levels in chronic rhinosinusitis may reflect a systemic factor in disease pathogenesis, and are probably not related to the amount of local inflammation within the sinuses.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-93af4112c8614e1981a9715445dbf19f", "input": "Question: Is t-cell recognition of a prostate specific antigen sufficient to induce prostate tissue destruction?\nAnswer: T lymphocytes specific for a prostate antigen are capable of inducing inflammatory infiltration of prostatic tissue rapidly following activation, but do not produce pathological prostate injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d732bd8448545d896d4730c601e7b42", "input": "Question: Are genetic polymorphisms of CD14 , toll-like receptor 4 , and caspase-recruitment domain 15 associated with necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants?\nAnswer: Carrier state of the tested CD14, TLR4, and CARD15 SNPs is not associated with NEC risk in VLBW infants.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d3c2e944f594f368036d5d49987b665", "input": "Question: Is spinal cord stimulation cost-effective for non-surgical management of critical limb ischaemia?\nAnswer: Total costs of treatment in CLI are high. Major components are hospital and rehabilitation costs. In contrast to recent reviews, there were no long-term benefits of SCS-treatment. Therefore, cost-effectiveness is reduced to cost-minimisation and SCS-treatment is considerably more expensive than best medical treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6da1950f66a84dc3a7a9857bc8eb90b9", "input": "Question: Does overexpression of STAT-1 by adenoviral gene transfer inhibit hepatitis B virus replication?\nAnswer: These data demonstrate that the over-expression of STAT-1 alone is not sufficient to strengthen the biological response of interferon as an antiviral agent.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe2056ea6570456c8ce26258bf5b9ad0", "input": "Question: Does addition of platelet transfusions to corticosteroids increase the recovery of severe HELLP syndrome?\nAnswer: The findings suggest the initiation of high-dose dexamethasone therapy in women with true HELLP syndrome, with the next step being delivery, and probably platelet count < or =50,000/microl alone is not always an indication for platelet transfusion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-57d504cf398145eeb8e360dd43a3ee62", "input": "Question: Does cryopreservation of hematopoietic progenitor cells from apheresis at high cell concentrations impair the hematopoietic recovery after transplantation?\nAnswer: The cryopreservation of HPC-A at higher than standard NC concentrations has no adverse impact on hematopoietic reconstitution after transplantation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5591dc5342243bb97bf454f6a25cd33", "input": "Question: Do transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations result from passive opening of the cardia by gastric distention?\nAnswer: These data refute the hypothesis that transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations result from passive mechanical distraction of the gastroesophageal junction. Rather, transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations must occur before the gastroesophageal junction can open.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7968a383506a4bd99baddc03581be3fb", "input": "Question: Does tranexamic acid prevent rebleeding in an uncontrolled hemorrhage porcine model?\nAnswer: Rebleeding events increased the amount of blood lost and the mortality in uncontrolled aortic hemorrhage. Tranexamic acid offered no benefit.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5b5f4941bfeb4121a127af9530f53901", "input": "Question: Does bispectral index monitoring improve early recovery of geriatric outpatients undergoing brief surgical procedures?\nAnswer: In this non-paralyzed elderly outpatient surgery population, the use of BIS monitoring for titrating the maintenance anesthetic (sevoflurane) failed to improve the early recovery process.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5502a5e34bd94ceeba7dfe9af32b9b35", "input": "Question: Is atherosclerosis in mice affected by a reduction in tissue factor expression?\nAnswer: Our data indicate that either a 50% reduction of TF in all cells or a selective reduction in hematopoietic cell-derived TF does not affect the development of atherosclerotic lesions in mice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5e0018d2b464cbf8f663bd78a9a7eea", "input": "Question: Are parkin-deficient mice more sensitive to 6-hydroxydopamine or methamphetamine neurotoxicity?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that the absence of a robust parkinsonian phenotype in Parkin-deficient mice is not due to the lack of exposure to environmental triggers with mechanisms of action similar to METH or 6-OHDA. Nevertheless, Parkin-deficient mice could be more sensitive to other neurotoxins, such as rotenone or MPTP, which have different mechanisms of action; therefore, identifying conditions that precipitate parkinsonism specifically in Parkin-deficient mice would increase the utility of this model and could provide insight into the mechanism of AR-JP. Alternatively, it remains possible that the absence of parkinsonism in Parkin-deficient mice could reflect fundamental differences between the function of human and mouse Parkin, or the existence of a redundant E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase in mouse that is not found in humans. Therefore, additional studies are necessary to understand why Parkin-deficient mice do not display robust signs of parkinsonism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9efb8a60fdc479ea1ef452e78242553", "input": "Question: Does encasement of bedding improve asthma in atopic adult asthmatics?\nAnswer: Encasement of bedding significantly reduced the Der p 1 levels. However, this was not sufficient to produce worthwhile clinical improvement in those in whom dust mite avoidance might well have been recommended as part of their clinical management.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-551b4cfaebdf46de88b0ca87671cbbf2", "input": "Question: Does family history of stroke predict risk of stroke after transient ischemic attack?\nAnswer: Family history of stroke does not predict risk of ischemic stroke after TIA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5fdba8456c804f6197a8293b3aa51a51", "input": "Question: Does addition of cladribine to induction/consolidation regimen impair peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and bone marrow harvest for autotransplantation in acute myeloid leukemia patients?\nAnswer: Addition of cladribine to a standard DA induction does not impair the harvesting of hematopoietic cells and their engraftment after autotransplantation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-236b2f62f7fd43ad98188128d704fdf8", "input": "Question: Does an antibiotic order form intervention improve or reduce vancomycin use?\nAnswer: Inappropriate vancomycin use and vancomycin use overall increased after the introduction of an AOF. An AOF intervention did not have its intended effect of improving and reducing vancomycin use.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-78b6f123a18142d8b67b515b09fbb8cd", "input": "Question: Does the magnitude of early castration-induced primary tumour regression in prostate cancer predict clinical outcome?\nAnswer: Castration therapy causes primary tumour regression in most patients with advanced prostate cancer, but these primary tumour effects are not predictive for systemic disease control. Studies of early changes in metastases during hormonal therapy will probably give more predictive information for clinical outcome than further studies in primary tumours.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-74df29e89a3f4532850808bace0ad0d7", "input": "Question: Does unplanned splenectomy during oesophagectomy affect survival?\nAnswer: Although inadvertent splenectomy increased the morbidity of oesophagectomy, it did not impair survival. Type of operation and advanced N stage are important risks for splenectomy. Though best avoided, most of the consequences of splenectomy can be managed. An unexpected relationship between splenectomy and anastomotic leaks needs further investigation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed215402936041e19e4516ecf68504b0", "input": "Question: Does cyclooxygenase-2 induction after oral surgery entirely account for analgesia after selective blockade of cyclooxygenase 2 in the preoperative period?\nAnswer: This study indicates that preoperative administration of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor ensures effective control of postoperative pain. It is suggested that the selective blockade of inducible cyclooxygenase 2 at the surgical site does not entirely account for the analgesic action occurring in the postoperative period.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b2d29bf223747acbb478f23377fc825", "input": "Question: Is polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene ( C677T MTHFR ) a confounding factor of the relationship between serum uric acid level and the prevalence of hypertension in Japanese men?\nAnswer: The mutation of C677T MTHFR was not independently associated with the prevalence of hypertension or BP levels although serum UA was. Furthermore, the relationship between serum UA and BP was not modulated by the MTHFR mutation in Japanese men.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-49db75e1c3914612bfb75c3d21428c2b", "input": "Question: Is eosinophilia in the upper gastrointestinal tract a characteristic feature in cow 's milk sensitive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease . Measurement by two methodologies?\nAnswer: CMH was found not only in infants but also in school age children with GERD. Histology did not identify the cow's milk sensitive GERD subgroup. The computerised histological method provides a more complete evaluation based upon total biopsy area, and helped to limit the bias of uneven biopsy size.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-22783f77a76949bbb448f0640d28bb04", "input": "Question: Does minimal extrathyroid extension affect the relapse-free survival of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma measuring 4 cm or less over the age of 45 years?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that tumors with minimal extension should be classified to have the same T grade as those without such extension, and upstaging of such tumors is therefore not appropriate.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b6064df93b3b41d6af7261539131fc76", "input": "Question: Is interleukin-12 essential for silicosis in mice?\nAnswer: The axis of IL-12 driving IFN-gamma production is not essential for the full manifestations of silicosis in mice exposed to a crystobalite silica aerosol.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b4482fcd88214452961f90feceb7e82b", "input": "Question: Do serum anti-p53 antibodies occur in patients with heart failure due to idiopathic dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathies?\nAnswer: Anti-p53 antibodies do not occur in patients with heart failure due to IDC and ICM, possible explanations are discussed in the text.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b195bb555f3e4cfdaed43aead076b010", "input": "Question: Do radiological findings support lateral residual tumour as a major cause of local recurrence of rectal cancer?\nAnswer: Lateral pelvic lymph node metastases are not a major cause of local recurrence after TME. Partial mesorectal excision may be associated with an increased risk of local recurrence from tumours in the upper rectum.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-08c83a492bb84ac493e434af4fb4ff6f", "input": "Question: Do gold-induced reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) mediate suppression of monocytic mitochondrial or secretory function?\nAnswer: Our results do not indicate that ROS and redox effects play major roles in mediating the cytotoxicity of AF, GSTM or Au(III).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e66f18829e294d519ccc3109f29808b4", "input": "Question: Does [ Private umbilical cord blood banking reduce the number of samples for scientific stem cell research ]?\nAnswer: Under the assumption of active and successful recruitment of scientific UCB samples, private blood banking does not significantly reduce this rate and therefore is a negligible rival in the competition for sufficient numbers of UCB samples for research.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ef32697e54a40a783dbf4bde9017693", "input": "Question: Does periodic direct current promote wound closure in an in vitro dynamic model of cell migration?\nAnswer: Contrary to the authors' expectations, they found that periodic DC did not promote wound closure, a finding that emphasizes the need to clarify the complex effects of electrical fields on migrating cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c106efb31a2d437bb9dd68fd8e937f7e", "input": "Question: Does feeding an elemental diet vs a milk-based formula decrease intestinal mucosal growth in infant pigs?\nAnswer: We conclude that intestinal mucosal growth and villus morphology are similar in pigs fed ED and FORM, despite higher cell proliferation and protein synthesis rates and lower lactase activity with ED. This implies that elemental diets may be as trophic as polymeric formulas to simultaneously provide nutrition and a stimulus for intestinal growth during bowel rest.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-60bc5f066bb54de18e91834eceb3e1e5", "input": "Question: Does perioperative Dexamethasone Administration Increase the Incidence of Postoperative Infection in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty : A Retrospective Analysis?\nAnswer: A single intravenous perioperative dose of dexamethasone had no statistically significant difference in the rate of PJI after total hip or knee arthroplasty.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-741bdaffddd94621b82b098d73ce67e3", "input": "Question: Are failure of tooth eruption and brachydactyly in pseudohypoparathyroidism related to plasma parathyroid hormone-related protein levels?\nAnswer: We described the dental abnormalities in a large series of PHP patients that were followed in a single tertiary center. No relationship between plasma PTHrP levels and failure of tooth eruption, dental manifestations of PHP or brachydactyly was found. It is important that doctors pay attention to dental manifestations of the disease in order to refer patients to a proper care with dentists.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-06c13e8c48624b0facd583b1678d0481", "input": "Question: Is carotid Intima-Media Thickness Associated with Markers of Atherosclerosis in Stroke Patients?\nAnswer: In our patients, carotid IMT does not seem to be associated with unequivocal markers of atheromatosis such as the existence of relevant carotid plaques or pathological ABI. These results as well as the association of IMT with age, hypertension, microalbuminuria, and mean waist perimeter support the hypothesis that IMT must be considered a risk factor for general vascular disease rather than a marker of atherosclerotic burden.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d2e26051c27542debd4474f8a4e61e13", "input": "Question: Is high Single-dose Vancomycin Loading Associated With Increased Nephrotoxicity in Emergency Department Sepsis Patients?\nAnswer: Initial dosing of vancomycin > 20 mg/kg was not associated with an increased rate of nephrotoxicity compared with lower doses. Findings from this study support compliance with initial weight-based vancomycin loading doses.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d7a1aa2f0ea148eda72744e383ddb43e", "input": "Question: Does metformin Treatment Affect Testicular Size in Offspring Born to Mothers with Gestational Diabetes?\nAnswer: Prepubertal testicular size did not differ between offspring born to metformin-treated mothers and those born to insulin-treated mothers.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7304f9cdf11a43e0a5d14b2fe09b9083", "input": "Question: Does ex vivo virotherapy with myxoma virus impair hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells?\nAnswer: Human hematopoietic cells are non-permissive for MYXV. Human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were not infected and thus unaffected by MYXV ex vivo treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9b3fd659c874979ba1a5c85979bf3aa", "input": "Question: Does immune status predict high-risk HPV in anal condyloma?\nAnswer: IC patients did not have a significantly higher prevalence or risk of high-risk HPV or dysplasia in our study. HPV typing of all condylomata, regardless of immune status, should be considered as it may help predict risk of neoplastic transformation or identify NIC patients with an increased risk of developing anal intraepithelial neoplasia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3491bafa6dc442b697538c7a36fd2358", "input": "Question: Do high Plasma Concentrations of Zidovudine ( AZT ) Parallel Intracellular Concentrations of AZT-Triphosphates in Infants During Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV-1 Transmission?\nAnswer: The level of icAZT-TP did not change with age, time, or a single dose despite the wide range of pAZT concentration. A safer dosage needs to be determined because high pAZT levels do not parallel those of icAZT-TP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-44fb6d195f8d4ce3a065c4b1904a789d", "input": "Question: Is combining ECT with pharmacological treatment of depressed inpatients in a naturalistic study associated with serum BDNF level increase?\nAnswer: Combination of ECT with pharmacological treatment did not result in increased serum BDNF levels and did not restore levels to that of controls.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d6e500d56aea4476b67be7b83be5c597", "input": "Question: Is activation of microglia within paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus involved in maintenance of established hypertension?\nAnswer: Activated microglia with morphological alteration within PVN are not involved in the maintenance of established severe hypertension, and inflammation within PVN could not be the therapeutic target of established hypertension.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9c81e1acdcf4920954e0035825c061a", "input": "Question: Does long-Term Pain Reduction Imply Improved Functional Outcome in Patients Treated With Combined Supraorbital and Occipital Nerve Stimulation for Chronic Migraine?\nAnswer: There is a paucity of studies in quality of life, productivity, and psychosocial aspects with peripheral nerve stimulation therapy for headache. Patients with a positive response to SONS and ONS also reported overall improvement in their functional status as reflected by MIDAS and BDI in the perioperative period. Unfortunately, this effect waned over the long-term follow-up.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-829e4f1664ee40eba10b80febacb7839", "input": "Question: Is cognitive impairment in late-life bipolar disorder associated with Alzheimer 's disease pathological signature in the cerebrospinal fluid?\nAnswer: Cognitively impaired patients with BD do not display the so-called AD bio-signature in the CSF. We therefore hypothesize that cognitive deterioration in BD is not associated with the classical pathophysiological mechanisms observed in AD, i.e., amyloid deposition and hyperphosphorylation of microtubule-associated tau protein.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-261adf22260d41179a698ae213ec791f", "input": "Question: Are plasma and intracellular ribavirin concentrations significantly altered by abacavir in hepatitis C virus-infected patients?\nAnswer: Abacavir did not significantly alter ribavirin or ribavirin triphosphate concentrations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3af9a685fc5e45bfbcf83539774aa533", "input": "Question: Does active opioid use attenuate the humoral responses to inactivated influenza vaccine?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that opioid use do not significantly alter antibody responses to influenza vaccine supporting the vaccination effort in these populations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-94256bfa814248c8a14ccb35805f0fbc", "input": "Question: Does perineal body stretch during labor predict perineal laceration , postpartum incontinence , or postpartum sexual function : a cohort study?\nAnswer: PB stretch during labor is unrelated to perineal laceration, postpartum incontinence, sexual activity, or sexual function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-407681381b064d2197a8a10333d19631", "input": "Question: Is apolipoprotein E genotype associated with cognitive impairment in older adults with bipolar disorder?\nAnswer: APOE*4 is not associated with the diagnosis of BD and does not impact the occurrence of dementia in BD. Given the distinct clinical and biological features of cognitive impairment in BD, we hypothesized that dementia in BD is unrelated to AD pathological mechanisms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e16065b0f444f8e9f40069af060ad26", "input": "Question: Is the Alpha-defensin Test for Periprosthetic Joint Infections Affected by Prior Antibiotic Administration?\nAnswer: The alpha-defensin test maintains its concentration and sensitivity for PJI even in the setting of antibiotic administration. Furthermore, among patients with PJI on antibiotics, the alpha-defensin tests demonstrated a higher sensitivity in detecting PJI when compared with the ESR, CRP, fluid PMN%, and fluid culture. The high sensitivity of the alpha-defensin test, even in the setting of prior antibiotic treatment, provides excellent utility as a screening test for PJI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-917b7add05144e3a88337e7ab32ed118", "input": "Question: Does systemic antibiotic therapy significantly improve outcome in a rat model of implant-associated osteomyelitis induced by Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus?\nAnswer: Systemic perioperative and implant-associated application of antibiotics were both comparably effective to treat implant-associated infections whereas the combined antibiotic therapy further reduced systemic signs of infection time dependent.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-99e9d333148f4a3ca8b53c845e876f4f", "input": "Question: Do omega-3 fatty acids alter P-wave parameters in electrocardiogram or expression of atrial connexins in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery?\nAnswer: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation does not alter pro-arrhythmic P-wave parameters in ECG or connexin expression in human atrium with no effect on the incidence of AF following CABG surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4b8eef94bd449bdaa059b0f80d46dc9", "input": "Question: Does tapered-cuff Endotracheal Tube Prevent Early Postoperative Pneumonia Compared with Spherical-cuff Endotracheal Tube after Major Vascular Surgery : A Randomized Controlled Trial?\nAnswer: For major vascular surgery patients, polyvinyl chloride tapered-cuff endotracheal tubes with intermittent cuff-pressure control did not lower the early postoperative pneumonia frequency and did not prevent microaspiration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b2c833acf7a426aa1ff9bc4f5b0f219", "input": "Question: Is fall Risk Black and White?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that the racial differences in fall rates may be largely due to confounding by individual-level and community-level characteristics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-989ebfe7ee09479cb2cece37735c1e0f", "input": "Question: Is human endogenous retrovirus ( HERV ) expression induced by treatment with the histone deacetylase ( HDAC ) inhibitors in cellular models of HIV-1 latency?\nAnswer: We show that HDAC inhibitors did not substantially increase the transcription of the analysed HERV env or pol genes, suggesting that histone acetylation is not crucial for controlling HERV expression in these experimental models and in ex vivo primary human T cells. Importantly, this indicates that unwanted HERV expression does not appear to be a barrier to the use of HDAC inhibitors in HIV-1 cure strategies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f7c38adfedd4615adf02e486e8073e1", "input": "Question: Are the D9N , N291S , and T495G Polymorphisms of the Lipoprotein Lipase Gene Associated with Cerebral Infarction?\nAnswer: In the present study, the D9N, N291S, and T495G polymorphisms of the LPL gene were not risk factors for the development of CVD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7843ffb094e3421c8cfd76e48de5866a", "input": "Question: Is obstructive Sleep Apnea Associated with Higher Health Care Use after Colonoscopy under Conscious Sedation?\nAnswer: The presence of obstructive sleep apnea was not associated with increased early hospital admissions, ICU admissions, or emergency room visits after colonoscopy with sedation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-41375d0ab3054714a1a9414f61513110", "input": "Question: Does a Single Protein Kinase A or Calmodulin Kinase II Site Control the Cardiac Pacemaker Ca2+ Clock?\nAnswer: SR Ca(2+) depletion reduces HR and SR Ca(2+) repletion restores physiological SANC rate responses, despite CaMKII inhibition. PKA and CaMKII do not affect HR by a unique target site governing SR Ca(2+) uptake or release. HR acceleration may require an SR Ca(2+) content threshold.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7dcba4981d8a480182b585a188876fe0", "input": "Question: Does subclinical neurological involvement develop if Wilson 's disease is treated early?\nAnswer: This study suggests that early diagnosis and treatment of WD may prevent the onset of neurologic damage, even at subclinical level.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-57d95e5dc38c4ebfbf810efd35ae1b8c", "input": "Question: Are serum heart type fatty acid binding protein levels changed in hyperthyroidism?\nAnswer: Serum H-FABP levels are not altered in patients with hyperthyroidism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e97c1e5cd464deea1819f7c40629047", "input": "Question: Is incidental findings of uncertain significance : To know or not to know -- that the question?\nAnswer: This article investigates how the various arguments for and against a right not to know hold for IFUS. The main investigated arguments are: hypothetical utilitarianism, the right-based argument, the feasibility argument, the value of knowledge argument, the argument from lost significance, the empirical argument, the duty to disclose argument, the avoiding harm argument; the argument from principle, from autonomy, from privacy, as well as the argument from the right to an open future. The analysis shows that both sides in the debate have exaggerated the importance of incidental findings. Opponents of a right not to know have exaggerated the importance of IFUS, while proponents have exaggerated the need to be protected from something that is not knowledge. Hence, to know or not to know is not the question. The question is whether we should be able to stay ignorant of incidental findings of uncertain significance, if we want to. The answer is yes: As long as the information is not accurate and/or actionable: ignorance is bliss. When answering questions that are not asked, we need to think twice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2841b708f7394e3d95c23a299fd05829", "input": "Question: Does transfusion of recently donated ( fresh ) red blood cells ( RBCs ) improve survival in comparison with current practice , while safety of the oldest stored units is yet to be established : a meta-analysis?\nAnswer: RCTs established that transfusion of 1- to 10-day-old stored RBCs is not superior to current practice. The apparent discrepancy in mortality between analyses of RCTs and observational studies may in part relate to differences in hypotheses tested and ages of stored RBCs studied. Further trials investigating 1- to 10-day-old stored RBC benefits would seem of lower priority than studies to determine whether 4- to 6-week stored units have safety and efficacy equivalent to the 2- to 3-week-old stored RBCs commonly transfused today.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-09c8cdcf83e042d1b395a67ebbc1afd8", "input": "Question: Is weight loss at the time of diagnosis associated with prognosis in patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: Pre-diagnosis weight loss was found to have a negative impact on PFS in patients with NSCLC treated by first-line chemotherapy. Similar studies in larger patient series are warranted.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9f3193951226433e87bd9ce0e507fb76", "input": "Question: Try ' I to bother the residents too much ' - the use of capillary blood glucose measurements in nursing homes?\nAnswer: Inadequate procedures and training in diabetes care may compromise the rationale for capillary blood glucose measurements in nursing homes, and hence the residents' safety. These concerns should be addressed together with the possibility of involving and empowering residents by exploring their ability and wish to manage their own disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c7c54dd78cb74296a2c53554b5ce0464", "input": "Question: Are clinical Experiences Predictive of Outcomes on the NATABOC Examination?\nAnswer: Gaining clinical experience hours in excess of 400 hours beyond the 800-or 1500-hour requirement may yield no greater benefit for an entry-level professional than less time. The quality, rather than the quantity, of clinical experiences should be evaluated. More emphasis should be placed on the achievement of an entry level of clinical competency, rather than on total hour collection. Also, because high-risk sport experiences did not predict outcomes on the NATABOC examination, the emphasis of clinical education should be on students' receiving a more structured clinical experience, in which they are progressively required to assume greater responsibilities integrating both cognitive and psychomotor skills, while working under the supervision of a certified athletic trainer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c668a42abca5468cbf5abdb03f1990f4", "input": "Question: Do external nasal dilator strips affect treadmill performance in subjects wearing mouthguards?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that the BR nasal dilator strip does not affect treadmill exercise performance in subjects wearing mouthguards.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6d35333a7c094868a683242ad9637941", "input": "Question: Is high quality acute care for the severely injured consistently available in England , Wales and Northern Ireland : report of a survey by the Trauma Committee , The Royal College of Surgeons of England?\nAnswer: The findings of this survey suggest that high quality care for the severely injured is not available consistently across England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and appear to justify concerns about the ability of the NHS to deal effectively with the current trauma workload and the consequences of a major incident.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c0380328f7ee4b3eb6788e9db9e800e4", "input": "Question: Does neosquamous epithelium typically arise from Barrett 's epithelium?\nAnswer: Our mutational data support the hypothesis that, in most circumstances, NSE originates in cells different from those responsible for self-renewal of Barrett's epithelium. However, in one case, NSE and Barrett's epithelium seem to have arisen from a progenitor cell that was capable of differentiating into either intestinal metaplasia or NSE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e5b6e4fef7d4cc6aaab7daf0c747ec4", "input": "Question: Does rib torque assist resting tidal expiration or most conversational speech expiration?\nAnswer: An alternate conceptualization is offered that is consistent with knowledge from respiratory biomechanics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0246ef4027ab47f5be6374d4e5f376f8", "input": "Question: Does contrast therapy cause fluctuations in human gastrocnemius intramuscular temperature?\nAnswer: Contrast therapy did not lead to significant fluctuations in muscle tissue temperature at 4 cm below the skin's surface. Therefore, it seems unlikely that the physiologic effects attributed to these fluctuations occur. A 1-minute exposure to a cold whirlpool during a typical contrast treatment does not appear to be long enough to significantly decrease tissue temperature after exposure to the warm hydrotherapy environment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-856dc7e78b554308a0ba87d371701203", "input": "Question: Is a functional PTPN22 polymorphism associated with several autoimmune diseases associated with IgA deficiency in the Spanish population?\nAnswer: The result obtained seems to reinforce the consideration of IgA deficiency as a primary immunodeficiency rather than an autoimmune disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aafa0291e3cc4bdf9ef765d947842777", "input": "Question: Does dobutamine influence inflammatory pathways during human endotoxemia?\nAnswer: Dobutamine, infused in a clinically relevant dose, does not influence inflammatory and coagulant pathways during human endotoxemia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0179a69164824709b8205e4dee6082ec", "input": "Question: Does ethnic background influence outcome for return-to-work in work-related interdisciplinary rehabilitation for long-term pain : 1- and 3-year follow-up?\nAnswer: Immigrants can benefit from a rehabilitation programme to the same extent as native Swedes concerning return-to-work rate, but seem to have limitations in assimilating the other objectives of the programme.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa5233225d1a49c49b09211a965a2298", "input": "Question: Is loss to follow-up of cervical smears without endocervical columnar cells disturbing?\nAnswer: Repeating ECC- smears has a low follow-up rate but also lacks evidence-based necessity. However, for the other 6-month recommended Pap smears, one in five women had still not responded within one year, so improvement is necessary.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-65552b105740465dbbace28d0ad546d8", "input": "Question: Is hyperleptinemia responsible for decreased paraoxonase activity in hemodialysis patients?\nAnswer: Our results suggest the role of other pathophysiological conditions besides hyperleptinemia resulting in decreased PON1 activity in HD patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-30924ab3090f437a9e1670730f0db63b", "input": "Question: Does blood-injury phobia with and without a history of fainting : disgust sensitivity explain the fainting response?\nAnswer: The tendency to faint when exposed to blood-injury stimuli may suffice as a conditioning event leading into phobia, without specific involvement of disgust sensitivity and parasympathetic activation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ee5fda4f5744f7d9fd2dbc5259d8ced", "input": "Question: Is progression of cerebral white matter lesions associated with development of depressive symptoms in elderly subjects at risk of cardiovascular disease : The PROSPER Study?\nAnswer: This longitudinal study does not confirm the involvement of cerebrovascular disease expressed as MRI white matter hyperintensities in the development of depressive symptoms in elderly subjects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-44f78de2fa414c6e9a7300ed17e3395e", "input": "Question: Do progesterone 's effects to reduce anxiety behavior of aged mice require actions via intracellular progestin receptors?\nAnswer: The effects of P to decrease anxiety behavior of younger and older mice do not require classic PRs and may involve actions of 3alpha,5alpha-THP at GBRs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2cc9dd245acc405d8f9a0a545761fc6b", "input": "Question: Does urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the management of acute cholecystitis : timing influence conversion rate?\nAnswer: The conversion rate for urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy among patients with acute cholecystitis can be as low as 3.6%. The timing of urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy has no impact on the conversion rate.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2482e78cc56c4f96a0622d652df474b7", "input": "Question: Are tissue factor expression and activity increased in peripheral monocytes isolated from uncomplicated hypertensive patients?\nAnswer: We demonstrated that TF mRNA and activity levels in monocytes obtained from uncomplicated hypertensive individuals are comparable with those of normotensive subjects, whereas atherosclerotic hypertensive patients showed increased levels of these parameters.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-17e584773acc4374bcdb3fab1f8e6d52", "input": "Question: Is d-lactate a reliable marker of gut ischemia-reperfusion in a rat model of supraceliac aortic clamping?\nAnswer: D-lactate is not a reliable marker of gut IR in our model of supraceliac aortic clamping in rats.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-edd2fe13d1d34acdbeb6ff4857d17951", "input": "Question: Does perineural invasion on prostate needle biopsy predict biochemical failure following brachytherapy for prostate cancer?\nAnswer: Perineural invasion is not a significant predictor of biochemical recurrence in patients undergoing brachytherapy for prostate cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f1033283ff804fc8931c02e9c6b0e7af", "input": "Question: Is prostatic irradiation associated with any measurable increase in the risk of subsequent rectal cancer?\nAnswer: An increased frequency of rectal cancer after prostatic irradiation, apparent on crude analysis, could be attributed to age confounding and other unmeasured confounders associated with prostate cancer treatment and rectal cancer risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2f21dd3e2e984b0caed3d9cc02ee7235", "input": "Question: Does mixing bone graft with OP-1 improve cup or stem fixation in revision surgery of the hip : 5-year follow-up of 10 acetabular and 11 femoral study cases and 40 control cases?\nAnswer: The sample size and study design in our evaluation did not allow any firm conclusions. Absence of any trend to improved fixation and early revisions in the study group prompted us to stop recruitment to this study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6833e476a3d64166a4c2a9c67bae377c", "input": "Question: Are weight bearing radiographs necessary for measurement of polyethylene penetration in total hip prostheses : a radiostereometric study of 111 patients examined in weight-bearing and supine position?\nAnswer: The small systematic difference in penetration values between the supine and the weight-bearing positions is of no clinical or methodological importance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-17d91c723e0e458282048ee9004d6760", "input": "Question: Does freezing infective-stage larvae from Anisakis simplex and their produce at -20 degrees C for 24 h prevent the occurrence of autonomic imbalance in rat ileum?\nAnswer: 1) The gastrointestinal alterations provoked by As are not necessarily associated with a prior infection; and 2) the storage of the seafood at -20 degrees C during 24 h does not prevent the intestinal autonomic imbalance provoked by As, whereas, the prior heating at 60 degrees C for 15 min may completely prevent such process.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-15316fddea724ae189fdf76a30f0472b", "input": "Question: Does patient-controlled epidural analgesia in labor always improve maternal satisfaction?\nAnswer: We found no advantages for patient-controlled epidural analgesia over intermittent bolus epidural analgesia in terms of maternal satisfaction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0dd886f41c0a4171a464aaa7c401f174", "input": "Question: Does simvastatin influence the intestinal P-glycoprotein and MPR2 , and the disposition of talinolol after chronic medication in healthy subjects genotyped for the ABCB1 , ABCC2 and SLCO1B1 polymorphisms?\nAnswer: Simvastatin does not influence the intestinal expression of P-gp and MRP2 in man. There was no pharmacokinetic interaction between talinolol and simvastatin during their chronic co-administration to healthy subjects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b241f3e5983347f9821ed6abc918aa02", "input": "Question: Are leukemia inhibitory factor gene mutations in the population of infertile women restricted to nulligravid patients?\nAnswer: The results suggest that the LIF gene mutations affect fertility. Even though they occur infrequently, their impact on molecular events during early phases of pregnancy should be further established.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b51e50d73df46e79437c3ab645edca1", "input": "Question: Do admission serum lactate levels predict mortality in the acutely injured patient?\nAnswer: This large retrospective examination of admission lactate levels failed to show useful predictive accuracy for hospital death. Serum lactate levels need not be obtained routinely but can be reserved for patients who will be admitted to the intensive care unit and/or require an emergency operation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-99e62d8625ca41de819c72a4c64da301", "input": "Question: Is antibiotic treatment effective in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori suffering from extragastric MALT lymphoma?\nAnswer: In our series, HP-eradication was ineffective for treatment of extragastric MALT lymphomas. This finding, along with an infection rate of 45%-as could also be expected in the general Austrian population-suggests that HP does not play a role in the development of these lymphomas. Antibiotic treatment targeting HP should, therefore, be discouraged in patients with extragastric MALT lymphomas.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d81b7195b84a44d9ab0f53e96e8fe3da", "input": "Question: Are stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson 's disease : cognitive and affective changes linked to the motor outcome?\nAnswer: Correct screening of patients for STN DBS remains an important issue, since the current implantation procedure is not able to take account of potential functional heterogeneity within the target.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ee99d762d25496eba8f9332b5139b84", "input": "Question: Do `` Random '' gentamicin concentrations predict trough levels in neonates receiving once daily fixed dose regimens?\nAnswer: It was not possible to construct a nomogram to predict gentamicin concentrations at 24 hours in neonates with a variety of gestational ages. Dosage tailored to gestation with monitoring of trough concentrations remains management of choice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-42820173e53d43f0a6e2e9e006cdca43", "input": "Question: Does 5 mCi pretreatment scanning cause stunning when the ablative dose is administered within 72 hours?\nAnswer: The present results indicate that diagnostic scanning using a 5 mCi iodine-131 dose does not interfere with uptake of the ablative dose or with treatment efficacy when ablation is performed within 72 h.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cd87f0d6990544e88bd757d88b451285", "input": "Question: Is the imaginary line method reliable for identification of prosthetic heart valves on AP chest radiographs?\nAnswer: The well known imaginary line method is of limited value when identifying prosthetic valve positions on supine AP CXR's. We advocate the use of the \"valve orifice\" method or the \"perceived direction of blood flow\" method to gain valuable information regarding the presence and position of prosthetic heart valves.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9abffee5ea74684b8aad08c96419150", "input": "Question: Does tryptophan depletion modify response to CCK-4 challenge in patients with panic disorder after treatment with citalopram?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates that an acute lowering of brain 5-HT availability with TD does not affect response to a CCK-4 challenge in PD patients successfully treated with citalopram. Thus, the reduction of CCK-4 sensitivity following SSRI-treatment in patients with PD may be related to mechanisms other than 5-HT availability in the brain, possibly to a reduction in brain cholecystokinin receptor sensitivity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b29ffd7dba2848e7b1f84a6ba25c6d0f", "input": "Question: Are bone mineral density and bone metabolism related to leptin in hemodialyzed and peritoneally dialyzed uremic patients?\nAnswer: BMD depends on time of renal replacement therapy. Biochemical markers of bone metabolism poorly correlate with BMD and leptin in dialyzed patients. Leptin is not a predictor of BMD in dialyzed patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4650b9f402e64e158646eb580e00a4a0", "input": "Question: Are alpha1-antitrypsin gene polymorphisms associated with renal arterial fibromuscular dysplasia?\nAnswer: Polymorphisms PiM1, PiZ and PiS of the AAT gene are not associated with renal FMD or infraclinical carotid lesions detected by echotracking methods. As the true prevalence of renal FMD is not precisely known and alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency is not infrequent in the general population, the association of the two may occur by chance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7178b20d83ea4c109748e04c63b96a97", "input": "Question: Are serum levels of activin A and inhibin A related to the increased susceptibility to pre-eclampsia in type I diabetic pregnancies?\nAnswer: Serum concentrations of activin A and inhibin A could not predict preeclampsia in type I diabetes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-779e9a0c22614c9ab3788c3861a28c4e", "input": "Question: Do transgenic mice with mammary gland targeted expression of human cortactin develop ( pre-malignant ) breast tumors : studies in MMTV-cortactin and MMTV-cortactin/-cyclin D1 bitransgenic mice?\nAnswer: From this study, we conclude that development of (pre-malignant) breast tumors in either wild type or MMTV-cyclin D1 mice was not augmented due to mammary gland targeted overexpression of human cortactin.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c2c2cb916c524943b70fa7eef84b05ae", "input": "Question: Does pentoxifylline prevent neither liver damage nor early profibrogenic events in a rat model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis?\nAnswer: PTX does influence neither liver injury nor early profibrogenic events in the CDD model of NASH.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-289588e704bc4a40aed95d44bc3f21be", "input": "Question: Are flexible magnets effective in decreasing pain perception and recovery time after muscle microinjury?\nAnswer: No significant therapeutic effects on pain control and muscular dysfunction were observed in subjects wearing flexible magnets.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ddc6575c62974c67b13e9ffd10946342", "input": "Question: Appear patients with irritable bowel syndrome in primary care to be heavy healthcare utilizers?\nAnswer: Irritable bowel syndrome patients appear not to be heavy utilizers of primary care and, of those who attend, the majority are managed by their General Practitioner.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dbc7880c55034ef49a6d3821a60de96e", "input": "Question: Do neuroactive antiretroviral drugs influence neurocognitive performance in less advanced HIV-infected patients responding to highly active antiretroviral therapy?\nAnswer: Our study indicates that the use of stable HAART, including multiple drugs that have good CSF penetration, was not associated with neuropsychologic performance. To prevent independent replication of HIV in CSF with better control of a relevant reservoir of HIV is one of the crucial aims of therapeutic strategy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a41a5cedf79b4a42a9337e16a0ceaa41", "input": "Question: Does pediatric renal allograft transplantation normalize the increased cortisol/cortisone ratios of chronic renal failure?\nAnswer: In all children with chronic renal failure plasma and urinary cortisol/cortisone ratios are elevated and do not return to normal levels after renal allograft transplantation. This suggests that renal transplantation does not normalize 11beta-HSD2 activity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-650d5560562246289129edf595e226b1", "input": "Question: Does post-operative unwashed shed blood transfusion modify the cellular immune response to surgery for total knee replacement?\nAnswer: Post-operative salvage and return of USB after TKR does not seem to increase the post-operative infection rate or hospital stay, and does not modify CIR induced by surgery. These findings add to the clinical experience that post-operative USB return, as a source of autologous blood, is safe, and questions the beneficial effect of blood washing.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6228f6c9d8a846ccb98e15c0a908eb7f", "input": "Question: Does the mitochondrial fission regulator DRP3B regulate cell death in plants?\nAnswer: These results indicate that the systems controlling cell death in animals and plants are not common in terms of mitochondrial fission.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9073bfe42e834a399d1b1afc1c9d462b", "input": "Question: Is nasal colonization with Staphylococcus aureus associated with the severity of symptoms or the extent of the disease in chronic rhinosinusitis?\nAnswer: Facultative pathogens were detected in more than 40% of CRS patients without acute respiratory tract infections. In contrast to the findings in atopic dermatitis and perennial allergic rhinitis, the colonization rate with S. aureus is not increased and S. aureus carriage is not a risk factor for the severity or the extent of rhinosinusitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-136965a6eb7a4870bc73bbd6dbf75e46", "input": "Question: Does fast-tracking ( bypassing the PACU ) reduce nursing workload after ambulatory surgery?\nAnswer: Bypassing the PACU after these short outpatient procedures significantly decreases recovery time without compromising patient satisfaction. However, the overall nursing workload and the associated cost were not significantly affected.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7ea38236eb24370bf0567d4616593f1", "input": "Question: Does general anesthesia affect the serum complexed and free prostate specific antigen levels?\nAnswer: Anaesthesia does not affect PSA levels alone. However, hospitalisation decreases total and free PSA levels, although it does not have an affect on free to total PSA ratio.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2dcb5f0b337f487d9ad4f800040dc8c5", "input": "Question: Does local lymph node involvement predict poor outcome in pediatric renal cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: Children with lymph node-positive RCC in the absence of distant metastatic disease had a relatively favorable long-term prognosis, with survival rate nearly triple those of adult historical controls. Until highly effective therapies for RCC are identified, these children should not be exposed to adjuvant treatment. Further investigation of the biologic differences between adult and pediatric RCC is warranted.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae8b44b8a62b44ddb610e8f9c1812ab8", "input": "Question: Does dietary protein intake affect IgG synthesis in patients with nephrotic syndrome?\nAnswer: Nephrotic syndrome patients with low plasma IgG levels have increased IgG FSR and ASR which are not affected by reduced dietary protein intake.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a5aced56a634e27b5f0667f48b1a7d5", "input": "Question: Is routine intravascular ultrasound scanning guidance of coronary stenting associated with improved clinical outcomes?\nAnswer: These data suggest that the routine performance of IVUS during stent placement influences the performance of the procedure, as judged by differences in procedural characteristics, but does not improve clinical outcome at 9 months.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-774d1f81ff424e9a9f7fbce404cabba9", "input": "Question: Does hearing loss occur in young patients undergoing spinal anesthesia?\nAnswer: We were unable to induce hearing loss in young patients undergoing spinal anesthesia by injecting the anesthetic with a 22-gauge or a 25-gauge Quincke needle.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e635865b985a4135a933110fa1d3e3e8", "input": "Question: Are lesion progression and plaque composition altered in older apoE-/- mice lacking tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor p55?\nAnswer: Progression and destabilization of advanced atherosclerotic lesions does not seem to be mediated via the TNF-alpha receptor p55.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-34d8f84a0aa940dc81b507f9ba0da7c3", "input": "Question: Does failure of high risk women to produce nipple aspirate fluid exclude detection of cytologic atypia in random periareolar fine needle aspiration specimens?\nAnswer: Although prevalence of RPFNA atypia was numerically higher in NAF producers than non-producers the difference did not reach statistical significance. Failure to produce NAF does not exclude the presence of hyperplasia with atypia by random periareolar fine needle aspiration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d41ba2a1e9d417bb793bb96510ec205", "input": "Question: Do cARD15/NOD2 single nucleotide polymorphisms confer susceptibility to type I psoriasis?\nAnswer: The most complete assessment of CARD15 SNPs in type I psoriasis to date reveals no evidence of association to type I psoriasis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0586389e48cf424ba4c33244dfd0d679", "input": "Question: Are tAU mutations a predominant cause of frontotemporal dementia in Canadian patients?\nAnswer: Our results agree with previous work suggesting that mutations in this gene are not a frequent cause of the frontotemporal dementia phenotype in Canadian patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b3ed5d65d9245d9ba4f871653549240", "input": "Question: Is [ A perioperative screening for metastatic disease indicated in patients with primary breast cancer and no clinical signs of tumor spread ]?\nAnswer: In breast cancer patients without clinical signs of tumor spread perioperative screening for metastases is not warranted because of low frequency of metastases, false positive findings, missing therapeutic consequences and high costs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ddaad263b12f4790bc571799b4527132", "input": "Question: Does lycopene from two food sources affect antioxidant or cholesterol status of middle-aged adults?\nAnswer: The inclusion of watermelon or tomato juice containing 20 mg lycopene did not affect plasma lipid concentrations or antioxidant status of healthy subjects. However, plasma cholesterol levels impacted the results of MDA and FRAP antioxidant tests.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-00981ff3e8cb49caa0839b3047c99ff7", "input": "Question: Is normal-looking skin in oncohaematological patients after allogenic bone marrow transplantation normal?\nAnswer: Normal-looking skin in 76% of BMT patients is not necessarily histologically normal. The pattern with more prominent changes, the GvHD-like pattern, has been found to be associated with a more frequent history of CMV antigen in the blood within 100 days from BMT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-84415fcff7cf45df97c2db9003801947", "input": "Question: Does production of infectious human immunodeficiency virus type 1 require depletion of APOBEC3G from virus-producing cells?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that Vif and APOBEC3G can be efficiently co-expressed. Thus, depletion of APOBEC3G from Vif expressing cells as suggested previously is not a universal property of Vif and thus is not imperative for the production of infectious virions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-66774cd619034dbeb33e891c3b636b61", "input": "Question: Is the prostatic utricle a M\u00fcllerian duct remnant : immunohistochemical evidence for a distinct urogenital sinus origin?\nAnswer: We show that the utricle forms as an ingrowth of specialized cells from the dorsal wall of the UGS as the caudal MDs regress.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b14ea5e238f54462b995ac6e51ce6f66", "input": "Question: Does glutamate transporter localization correspond to the temporary functional recovery and late degeneration after acute ocular ischemia in rats?\nAnswer: While retinal glutamate transport is compromised during an acute ischemic insult, consequent retinal recovery and degeneration are not due to a change in the excitatory amino acid transporter localization or D-aspartate (glutamate analogue) uptake. Rat retina and optic nerve are capable of spontaneous, but temporary, functional recovery after an acute ischemic insult.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5544e3405e6440319255bb2157085ba9", "input": "Question: Is platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase associated with carotid intima-media thickness in hypercholesterolemic Sicilian individuals?\nAnswer: Our data provided no evidence that PAF-AH polymorphisms influence PAF-AH activity and atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic Sicilian patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b1fb252fb2ce4b55a494a745ff318642", "input": "Question: Are oestrogen deficiency and growth hormone treatment in childhood associated with hearing in adults with turner syndrome?\nAnswer: Current regimens of oestrogen and GH therapy have no impact on adult hearing loss in TS, independent of age. The prevalence of SNHL increases with age. CHL but not SNHL is associated with ENT history and karyotype. According to present evidence, the only possible intervention to reduce hearing loss in women with TS remains assiduous treatment of ENT problems in childhood.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-02b47db2a2ff4b81bc822583dfc70d05", "input": "Question: Is myostatin expression altered by insulin deficiency and replacement in streptozotocin-diabetic rat skeletal muscles?\nAnswer: Muscle-specific myostatin expression is not increased under catabolic conditions in insulin-deprived diabetes. Insulin treatment also does not change myostatin transcript levels. The data provide the first assessment of potential interplay between insulin and myostatin and they do not support a major role of circulating insulin in the in vivo regulation of myostatin gene expression. A role of myostatin in muscle catabolism in chronic insulin-deprived diabetes is also not indicated by the current results.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-08a882b6b6fb42f6bece99e565d5cc7e", "input": "Question: Is transplanting kidneys from CMV-seropositive donors to CMV-seronegative recipients associated with poorer renal allograft function or survival?\nAnswer: The D+/R- group does not appear to have poorer renal allograft function 3 years post-transplant. This group does, however, have an increased risk of early allograft loss due to acute rejection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-89ef2641e26b4206a42ea9143e9b43bb", "input": "Question: Does two-year statin therapy alter the progression of intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes without manifest cardiovascular disease?\nAnswer: There was no effect of 2 years' statin therapy on carotid IMT in type 2 diabetic subjects. The natural history of IMT in our patients was milder than anticipated. In contrast, we observed a significantly lower cardiovascular event rate on statin therapy. Prognostic tools other than IMT should be explored in this patient group.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3237e16b44244648b5fe95b25e69a067", "input": "Question: Does thermal microdebridement affect the time zero biomechanical properties of human patellar tendons?\nAnswer: Thermal microdebridement does not affect the biomechanical properties of cadaveric human patellar tendons at the time of initial treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f32dab0748204b07b0950794c1f42d76", "input": "Question: Is mitochondrial inhibition of uracil-DNA glycosylase mutagenic?\nAnswer: These results suggest that human cell mitochondria contain alternatives glycosylase (s) that may function as back up DNA repair protein (s) that repair uracil in the mitochondria.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-189391afd8784344b6f0c2b7ba4c353e", "input": "Question: Do leptin-resistant obese mice form biliary crystals on a high cholesterol diet?\nAnswer: These data suggest that Lep(db) obese mice fed a high cholesterol diet have increased gallbladder volume and decreased biliary cholesterol saturation and crystal formation despite elevated serum cholesterol compared with lean control mice. We conclude that the link among obesity, diet, and gallstone formation may not require hypersecretion of biliary cholesterol and may be related to the effects of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or both on gallbladder motility.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c15c3b39ca2d4ad4a250be82f13ed31c", "input": "Question: Does intravenous immunoglobulin increase FcgammaRIIB expression on monocytes/macrophages during acute Kawasaki disease?\nAnswer: IVIG therapy in patients with KD did not increase the expression of FcgammaRIIB in peripheral blood CD14+ monocytes/macrophages during the acute stage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-832324af261a4ed883bf7a88781badd2", "input": "Question: Does undersulfated chondroitin sulfate increase in osteoarthritic cartilage?\nAnswer: The structure of chondroitin sulfate in degenerated bovine cartilage did not support the hypothesis that sulfate depletion is present in osteoarthritic joint.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-77a6b934afbf47de9752f6277e8bb3f9", "input": "Question: Does host resistance explain variation in incidence of male-killing bacteria in Drosophila bifasciata?\nAnswer: The absence of the infection from the Hokkaido population is not caused by failure of the male-killer to function on the Hokkaido genetic background.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6e9d4a68681d42e38edb2ff7727db3da", "input": "Question: Are standard equations accurate in assessing resting energy expenditure in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?\nAnswer: We found that standard equations used to calculate energy expenditure were not valid for patients with ALS. Moreover, the majority of our patients were either overfed or underfed. As underfeeding can cause diaphragm impairment, and overfeeding can increase ventilatory load, indirect calorimetry should be considered in ALS patients to determine optimal caloric requirement.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-84a9464194974e9992a9a92914ad5e3e", "input": "Question: Is early postoperative hyperglycaemia a risk factor for infectious complications and prolonged in-hospital stay in patients undergoing oesophagectomy : a retrospective analysis of a prospective trial?\nAnswer: Our data indicate that postoperative hyperglycaemia is more likely to be a risk marker than a risk factor in patients undergoing highly invasive surgery for oesophageal cancer. We hypothesize that patients with a low prevalence of vascular disease may benefit less from intensive insulin therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8c81d0d5dc9b4e139253f0f240b7efea", "input": "Question: Does removal of the superficial zone of bovine articular cartilage increase its frictional coefficient?\nAnswer: The topmost ( approximately 100 microm) superficial zone of articular cartilage does not have special properties which enhances its frictional response.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-95c924efbe2a4a8eb1e23d30c3555abe", "input": "Question: Does homocysteine-lowering treatment with folic acid , cobalamin , and pyridoxine reduce blood markers of inflammation , endothelial dysfunction , or hypercoagulability in patients with previous transient ischemic attack or stroke : a randomized substudy of the VITATOPS trial?\nAnswer: Lowering tHcy by 3.7 micromol/L with folic acid-based multivitamin therapy does not significantly reduce blood concentrations of the biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, or hypercoagulability measured in our study. The possible explanations for our findings are: (1) these biomarkers are not sensitive to the effects of lowering tHcy (eg, multiple risk factor interventions may be required); (2) elevated tHcy causes cardiovascular disease by mechanisms other than the biomarkers measured; or (3) elevated tHcy is a noncausal marker of increased vascular risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-50261141c8954236bcf7599248c7d035", "input": "Question: Does two years of smoking cessation reduce arterial wall thickness and stiffness?\nAnswer: Two years of smoking cessation was not accompanied by a slower progression or a regression in intima-media thickness nor by an improved cross-sectional compliance or distensiblity coefficient. Nevertheless, smoking cessation should be recommended as it reduces cardiovascular risk rapidly after smoking cessation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7188b45f66194ce7a7eab9c8e4dfcd22", "input": "Question: Are higher rates of viral suppression with nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors compared to single protease inhibitors explained by better adherence?\nAnswer: A higher proportion of individuals using NNRTI-based regimens had viral suppression when compared to those taking single-PI-containing regimens, and this association was not confounded by higher levels of adherence. These results suggest that improved viral suppression on NNRTI regimens compared to single-PI regimens is more closely associated with regimen potency than higher levels of adherence.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-089ddee7a6e148228aea149b94d8f289", "input": "Question: Does creatine supplementation decrease total plasma homocysteine in chronic hemodialysis patients?\nAnswer: Creatine supplementation at a rate of 2 g/day does not further decrease tHcy concentrations in chronic dialysis patients already treated with high dose folic acid, vitamin B6, and B12 supplementation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-db6ec460cb63403cae157d89fe60ae15", "input": "Question: Are paraoxonase-1 gene Leu-Met55 and Gln-Arg192 polymorphisms associated with carotid artery atherosclerosis in a population-based cohort?\nAnswer: The PON1 Leu-Met55 and Gln-Arg192 polymorphisms are not major risk factors for atherosclerosis in the general Caucasian population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3a13a11d1d546a78d1616bfed7583f7", "input": "Question: Does high-dose vitamin E supplementation diminish ribavirin-associated haemolysis in hepatitis C treatment with combination standard alpha-interferon and ribavirin?\nAnswer: Vitamin E supplementation alone during standard alpha-interferon and ribavirin therapy does not appear to diminish ribavirin-associated haemolysis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0fa593afdccc47dfa4b41cd71444953f", "input": "Question: Is maternal protein intake associated with infant blood pressure?\nAnswer: Variation in maternal total protein intake during pregnancy does not appear to program offspring blood pressure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4fb38b3d5d1b42e0bad6560a276e2675", "input": "Question: Does [ Expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene in HCC depend on proliferating cell nuclear antigen and P53 ]?\nAnswer: The expression of hTERT gene may relate to the genesis and progression of HCC. There is no significant correlation between the expression of hTERT and PCNA and P53. The detection of hTERT gene expression may be regarded as a marker for recurrence of HCC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-445d7dff1352463b8d02ff54bf25f9ba", "input": "Question: Do altered intracellular sorting signals influence the efficacy of genetic melanoma vaccines incorporating helper determinants in mice?\nAnswer: Altered intracellular sorting signals do not significantly influence the efficacy of genetic melanoma vaccines incorporating helper determinants in our model system. These results further support the concept that linkage of immunogenic helper sequences can be successfully applied for antigen-specific immunotherapy of melanoma and provide a scientific basis for the translation of this strategy in future clinical applications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a11b29994eac4c9b8314eceb7888bc10", "input": "Question: Do proinflammatory parameters as CRP and IL-6 discriminate between post-PCI cardiac patients with and without exercise-induced ischemia as indicated by Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy?\nAnswer: We conclude that measurement of these (inflammatory) parameters does not help to delineate post-PCI cardiac patients with and without exercise-induced ischemia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc0e5d1f4bdc4cce9c85cfc67fa15aa4", "input": "Question: Does ethanol washing attenuate the hypocholesterolemic potential of soy protein?\nAnswer: In this experiment which used identifiable protein preparations, a significant fraction of the cholesterol-lowering effect of SPI in rats was attributed to its protein component but not to the ethanol-extractable minor constituents including isoflavones.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-67a76b10b5204b42b38953cdf23f4ee7", "input": "Question: Is the PlA1/A2 polymorphism of platelet glycoprotein IIIa associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes . The Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health study?\nAnswer: The GPIIIa PlA1/A2 polymorphism is not associated with type 2 diabetes, glucose metabolism, angiographic CHD or myocardial infarction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac9b9747ab5e409d9fc8a29b6c79954d", "input": "Question: Does nimesulide , a COX-2 inhibitor , reduce lesion size or number in a nude mouse model of endometriosis?\nAnswer: The hypothesized biological properties of COX-2 inhibition did not influence lesion number or size in the nude mouse model of endometriosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a2f69a2631404c358934397cebd8ea58", "input": "Question: Do acute coronary syndromes promote prolonged in vivo FXII-dependent prothrombotic activity?\nAnswer: The finding of similar FXIIa levels among patients in either acute or chronic phases of coronary atherosclerosis suggests that the initial arterial denudation and the acute-phase response associated to acute coronary syndromes are not major determinants for prolonged FXII activation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3db431e33cd948ddb8a94a2a87bbe9cb", "input": "Question: Is hepatic encephalopathy in rats with thioacetamide-induced acute liver failure mediated by endogenous benzodiazepines?\nAnswer: In rats with thioacetamide-induced liver failure, endogenous benzodiazepines do not precipitate hepatic encephalopathy. The amelioration of hepatic encephalopathy is mediated by benzodiazepine receptor ligands with both antagonistic and inverse agonistic properties.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4100342bd0854ade9a8df02d3c071fb7", "input": "Question: Is hyperglycemia in the acute phase of stroke caused by stress?\nAnswer: We conclude that hyperglycemia in the acute phase of stroke cannot be explained by increased stress.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-de0914e6ca4b45e7ba94721158d2c4ca", "input": "Question: Does severe neutrophil depletion by leucocyte filters or cytotoxic drug improve recovery of contractile function in stunned porcine myocardium?\nAnswer: As assessed in the pig model of myocardial stunning and using two different methods, severe neutropenia does not reduce the depression of contractile function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-26a8d8012dba49b1b5bee3033de7e1b0", "input": "Question: Does hypothermic acid-base management affect cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen at 27 degrees C. A study during cardiopulmonary bypass in rabbits?\nAnswer: During cardiopulmonary bypass at 27 degrees C, hypothermic acid-base management has no measurable effect on CMRO2. CMRO2 was neither extraction limited nor dependent on either PaCO2, CBF, or hemoglobin oxygen affinity differences between alpha-stat and pH-stat management. Cerebral blood flow responses to changing CMRO2 depend on the \"starting\" conditions, with alpha-stat management appearing to better preserve CBF reactivity than pH-stat management.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-771efe11beef44fb87923fa6df1dd158", "input": "Question: Does autologous platelet-rich plasma reduce transfusion of homologous blood products in patients undergoing repeat valvular surgery?\nAnswer: Autologous platelet-rich plasma did not reduce perioperative bleeding or transfusion requirements in repeat valvular surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-164429a5f78e435eb2319db07f9d7373", "input": "Question: Does aspirin improve early arterial patency after streptokinase treatment for acute myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: The magnitude of the life saving effect of aspirin remains unexplained. Further investigation is needed into the mechanism of action of antiplatelet treatment in relation to thrombolytic treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b28c9365d244b85936e86f7093673bf", "input": "Question: Does arterial underfilling cause sodium retention in cirrhosis?\nAnswer: None of the indices of arterial filling tested except pulse pressure were related to sodium retention. Reduced pulse pressure is inconsistent with arterial underfilling, as peripheral vasodilation instead increases pulse pressure by increasing diastolic run-off. These data do not support the hypothesis that arterial underfilling is the stimulus for sodium retention in alcoholic cirrhosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-df59db06acd24a46924350c07f720b86", "input": "Question: Does a focal cryogenic brain lesion reduce the minimum alveolar concentration for halothane in rats?\nAnswer: These results indicate that a focal cortical brain injury that has no obvious neurologic or behavioral effects in the awake rat does not alter halothane requirements.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-38e91c2001dd4b188cf370c7250a7315", "input": "Question: Does sucralfate reduce the risk of acid aspiration pneumonitis?\nAnswer: Sucralfate has minimal acid buffering effect. Aspiration of sucralfate mixed with distilled water causes lung edema similar to aspiration of water alone. Aspiration of a sucralfate-water suspension mixed with hydrochloric acid causes severe lung edema. These results suggest that patients given sucralfate prophylaxis for stress ulceration are at risk for acid aspiration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d0e46bb44cc4fc6b38ae02b8b87445a", "input": "Question: Does rectal acetaminophen reduce morphine consumption after major surgery in young infants?\nAnswer: Acetaminophen, as an adjuvant to continuous morphine infusion, does not have an additional analgesic effect and should not be considered as standard of care in young infants, 0-2 months of age, after major thoracic (non-cardiac) or abdominal surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fef3ca694e14949a7b7efa3c2328602", "input": "Question: Does american Joint Committee on Cancer staging system accurately predict survival in patients receiving multimodality therapy for esophageal adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: The current AJCC staging system is not a good predictor of survival after CRT. Although patients with a pCR do have improved long-term survival relative to patients with residual disease, this method places too much emphasis on residual depth of invasion and fails to identify patients with residual disease who have good long-term survival. Recursive partitioning analysis more accurately identifies nodal disease and metastatic disease as the most important prognostic variables. Degree of treatment response is less prognostic than nodal involvement.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-44355e51d2f742ef9a877bf4762d223c", "input": "Question: Does cT60 genotype affect CTLA-4 isoform expression despite association to T1D and AITD in northern Sweden?\nAnswer: Association was found between T1D/AITD and all three polymorphisms investigated. However, in contrast to previous investigations, sCTLA-4 RNA and protein expression levels did not differ based on CT60 genotype. Our results do not rule out the CT60 SNP as an important polymorphism in the development of T1D or AITD, but suggest that further investigations are necessary to elucidate the effect of the CTLA-4 region on the development of T1D and AITD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1ec032d2d3b34dfb8f1a75bf1ca927af", "input": "Question: Is endogenous estrogen associated with cognitive performance before , during , or after menopause?\nAnswer: These results do not support the hypothesis that estrogen or menopausal status affects cognitive performance in middle-aged women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7d3fa18e1ba42c28ec606260e34daf5", "input": "Question: Is plasminogen activation by fibroblasts from periodontal ligament and gingiva directly affected by chemokines in vitro?\nAnswer: These results suggest that plasminogen activation by PDL and GF is not directly affected by the chemokines even in the presence of the inflammatory mediators TGF-beta and IL-1.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c8dbba2696fc4851966c88d1b003f9a9", "input": "Question: Are mutations in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein gene highly prevalent among subjects with sporadic pituitary adenomas?\nAnswer: AIP mutations do not appear to play a prominent role in sporadic pituitary tumorigenesis in this population of European subjects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-70e133fc846d4753958c24ecb8d2e426", "input": "Question: Do internal medicine residents accurately assess their medical knowledge?\nAnswer: IM residents did not accurately predict their own level of medical knowledge. Taking the examination and experience with previous exams does not appear to improve the ability of these IM residents to predict their performance. Residents need to be taught to rely on the results of standardized examinations such as the ITE to best assess their overall medical knowledge. The factors important for accurate self-assessment of medical knowledge in individual clinical situations remain unexplored.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eff126c6cbe34e4fb2aeeaa7c37e7f76", "input": "Question: Do imputing variance estimates alter the conclusions of a meta-analysis with continuous outcomes : a case study of changes in renal function after living kidney donation?\nAnswer: Different methods to impute the variance data in the primary studies did not alter the conclusions from this meta-analysis of continuous outcomes. Such reproducibility increases confidence in the results. However, as with most meta-analyses, there was no gold standard of truth, and results must be interpreted judiciously. The generalization of these findings to other meta-analyses, which differ in outcomes, missing data, or between-study heterogeneity, requires further consideration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9520a8c3e50e46058585dfafe77bf420", "input": "Question: Are platelet monocyte aggregates and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 inhibited by aspirin in critical limb ischaemia?\nAnswer: Despite aspirin treatment CLI patients have higher platelet activation and MCP-1 expression than controls and claudicants. With increasing severity of disease aspirin is unable to suppress markers of platelet activation and pro-atherosclerotic chemokine expression which may represent another form of aspirin resistance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9f269c5aa2cc44bbb763bbb58d8e9847", "input": "Question: Is botulinum toxin B an effective treatment of refractory overactive bladder?\nAnswer: BTX-B had a limited duration of action, with most of its symptomatically beneficial effects wearing off by 10 weeks in most of our patients. The short duration of action for BTX-B suggests it is unlikely to gain widespread use in the treatment of DO.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4035e5b64d44f3e8ab77bf4d0c76df8", "input": "Question: Do cytokine mobilization of bone marrow cells and pancreatic lesion improve streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice by transdifferentiation of bone marrow cells into insulin-producing cells?\nAnswer: We conclude that BMC cannot spontaneously transdifferentiate into insulin-producing cells in vivo, even after beta-cell lesion and mobilization induced by cytokines. Interestingly, however, treatment by cytokines may have beneficial indirect effects on STZ-induced hyperglycaemia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a901d758e47459eb887dc66252d8d22", "input": "Question: Is human adipose tissue cannabinoid receptor 1 gene expression related to fat cell function or adiponectin level?\nAnswer: We found no association of human adipose tissue CNR1 mRNA expression with measures of body fat, metabolic parameters, fat cell function, or ADIPOQ expression. These data do not suggest a major role of human adipose CNR1 in fat cell function or metabolic disease development.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee51b3b9da514cda8ac34c8df6f44823", "input": "Question: Does body mass index predict prostate-specific antigen or percent free prostate-specific antigen in men undergoing prostate cancer screening?\nAnswer: Body mass index does not affect PSA or %fPSA in men without known prostate cancer, who undergo prostate cancer screening. Therefore, PSA or %fPSA-based screening or early detection efforts do not require an adjustment for BMI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab51be74cd0747c998cdbb11b37e3b6b", "input": "Question: Does school-based physical activity compromise children 's academic performance?\nAnswer: The AS! BC model is an attractive and feasible intervention to increase physical activity for students while maintaining levels of academic performance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-41e57416f5b24f0fbb8f3f19ef259d11", "input": "Question: Does fish oil supplementation alter energy efficiency in healthy males?\nAnswer: FO supplementation did not significantly alter energy metabolism and energy efficiency during exercise in healthy humans.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-55f59e06da444b4ead50c5d2cbc3abcd", "input": "Question: Are genetic polymorphisms of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 related to drug-induced idiosyncratic liver injury ( DILI )?\nAnswer: We find no evidence to support CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms as predictable potential risk factors for DILI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-abde65f3767549dc83137a792d5db2cb", "input": "Question: Is persistent airway obstruction after virus infection associated with airway inflammation?\nAnswer: Persistent airway obstruction and uncontrolled asthma are observed in some people after viral asthma exacerbations. These abnormalities are not associated with inflammatory cell influx into the airway lining fluid during the exacerbation and may reflect the involvement of noncellular elements. Further work should explore other mechanisms leading to incomplete airway recovery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b51621226e6a474f8071a223859a4012", "input": "Question: Does cholinesterase inhibitor use significantly influence the ability of 123I-FP-CIT imaging to distinguish Alzheimer 's disease from dementia with Lewy bodies?\nAnswer: Use of ChEi does not significantly influence the ability of 123I-FP-CIT imaging to distinguish AD from DLB.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-35a129e3d7da4d73b8617a3d601fac9f", "input": "Question: Are serum anti-mullerian hormone concentrations altered by acute administration of follicle stimulating hormone in polycystic ovary syndrome and normal women?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that in PCOS and normal women, acute exposure to FSH does not appear to exert an effect on AMH production.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ba6793ebbc1843c888ab7dedf4d220e6", "input": "Question: Does long-term pharmacological activation of PPARgamma prevent left ventricular remodeling in dogs with advanced heart failure?\nAnswer: Long-term PPARgamma activation with GW did not prevent progressive LV remodeling in dogs with advanced heart failure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e256c4f086864a1894ba7c8aedc55b65", "input": "Question: Does preceptorship rurality affect medical students ' shelf exam scores?\nAnswer: Students assigned to preceptorships in rural locations scored at the same levels as students in urban preceptorships. The finding that there were no differences in medical students' exam scores based on the rurality of their family medicine preceptorship site indicates a substantial degree of educational equivalency between urban and rural preceptorships.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c7d0d6b22a10469481f1e38fa0275a59", "input": "Question: Does postural instability necessarily correlate to poor performance : case in point?\nAnswer: This case study indicated that poor joint kinematics or postural stability does not necessarily correlate to poor performance. Instead, they may indicate positive compensatory or strategic movements.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fcc3437fab76438bbe75a27f90670983", "input": "Question: Does vitamin K deficiency from long-term warfarin anticoagulation alter skeletal status in male rhesus monkeys?\nAnswer: In male rhesus monkeys, long-term W anticoagulation does not alter serum markers of bone turnover or BMD. Long-term W therapy does not have adverse skeletal consequences in primates with high intakes of calcium and vitamin D.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bfe34db0425344eba7d1502899848947", "input": "Question: Do botulinum toxin type a injections into the trigone to treat idiopathic overactive bladder induce vesicoureteral reflux?\nAnswer: Botulinum toxin A injection into the trigone does not induce de novo vesicoureteral reflux in patients with nonneurogenic overactive bladder. The therapeutic value of this approach remains to be confirmed and compared to other injection designs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-35f6c468665a4beca924cff9d3bd1a08", "input": "Question: Does a heated humidifier reduce laryngo- pharyngeal complaints after brief laryngeal mask anesthesia?\nAnswer: Active warming and humidification of inspired gases has no clinically appreciable effect in reducing the incidence and severity of laryngo-pharyngeal complaints after brief (G DYT4 mutation appears to be private, and clinical testing for TUBB4A mutations is not justified in spasmodic dysphonia or other forms of primary dystonia. Moreover, given its allelic association with leukoencephalopathy hypomyelination with atrophy of basal ganglia and cerebellum and protean clinical manifestations (chorea, ataxia, dysarthria, intellectual disability, dysmorphic facial features, and psychiatric disorders), DYT4 should not be categorized as a primary dystonia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-354b3f4e042b4d9997dfa9897dc194bb", "input": "Question: Does acute administration of haloperidol influence 123I-FP-CIT binding to the dopamine transporter?\nAnswer: Changes in synaptic dopamine due to acute haloperidol administration were not detectable with (123)I-FP-CIT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-56be6f12dfed452a97d4683a12094e65", "input": "Question: Are circulating immunoglobulins associated with intraplaque mast cell number and other vulnerable plaque characteristics in patients with carotid artery stenosis?\nAnswer: In patients suffering from carotid artery disease, total IgE, total IgG and oxLDL-IgG levels do not associate with plaque mast cell numbers or other vulnerable plaque histopathological characteristics. This study thus does not provide evidence that the immunoglobulins tested in our cohort play a role in intraplaque mast cell activation or grade of atherosclerosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-59757cefa5c84fc9842e932b01a90b52", "input": "Question: Is dose always what it seems : where very misleading values can result from volume CT dose index and dose length product?\nAnswer: Radiation dose estimates are more accurate when using the SSDE metric in lieu of the CTDIvol metric for reporting and comparing patient dose indices.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-890c0ef777a74917b6d199c0256f4f90", "input": "Question: Are patients With First-Episode Psychosis a Homogeneous Population : Implications for Treatment?\nAnswer: The findings of this study need replication in larger samples and on a wider severity scale. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity of patients with FEP might impact on treatment. Policymakers should recognize the importance of the diagnostic and outcome assessment in the treatment of severe mental disorders.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-81982d1409fb40cdac01fee3b7f9170f", "input": "Question: Are higher heart rate increments on head-up tilt in control subjects associated with autonomic dysfunction?\nAnswer: These results argue against a reduction in autonomic function underlying the higher heart rate increments seen on HUT in younger individuals.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c0172027f289468fbe42ef29747c541f", "input": "Question: Does the pandemic influenza A ( H1N1 ) 2009 vaccine increase the mortality rate of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia : a matched case-control study?\nAnswer: In our study, we detected no evidence that the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccine increased the mortality rate of patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. The results, however, are limited by the small sample size and low statistical power. A larger-scale study is required.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aaa244a790674fa6a0ccc5ecc7ba28a6", "input": "Question: Does treatment of ankylosing spondylitis with TNF inhibitors have adverse effect on results of liver function tests : a longitudinal study?\nAnswer: TNFi use-associated rises in hepatic enzymes were determined compared to pre-treatment but the mean values remained within normal limits. Considering the cases in the literature, in daily practice patients must be carefully monitored for liver function before treatment and at follow-up.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-679874b9ac144a64b8c3c212fd4c511d", "input": "Question: Does patient gender affect outcome after transcatheter aortic valve implantation ( TAVI )?\nAnswer: While several baseline characteristics between men and women treated by TAVI were shown to be different among the study population, no difference was observed in survival between both genders.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-38630c141c1e412a93f8b5f742e2f4d0", "input": "Question: Appear oral terbinafine and itraconazole treatments against dermatophytes to favor the establishment of Fusarium spp . in nail?\nAnswer: Oral terbinafine and itraconazole treatments do not appear to favor the establishment of Fusarium spp. in onychomycosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0844c77ea045470e9d64809ee6c1e53e", "input": "Question: Is routine post-operative intensive care necessary for children with obstructive sleep apnea at high risk after adenotonsillectomy?\nAnswer: Our data confirm high rates of AE after AT for high risk patients, however, only 8% suffered a severe AE truly necessitating care in ICU. This outcome was very unlikely if an AE did not occur in PACU. We therefore conclude that routine post-operative ICU care for high risk children may be avoided if prolonged monitoring in the PACU is possible, with admission to ICU reserved for high-risk children with an early AE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f66df5df0814b7a83bec8e70de8ea7f", "input": "Question: Do urban settings ensure access to services : findings from the immunisation programme in Kampala Uganda?\nAnswer: Complex health system barriers to childhood immunisation still exist in this urban setting; emphasizing that even in urban areas with great physical access, there are hard to reach people. As the rate of urbanization increases especially in sub-Saharan Africa, governments should strengthen health systems to cater for increasing urban populations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c72361a621a44b6ab04cad24ba2f518b", "input": "Question: Does weekend compared with weekday presentation affect outcomes of patients presenting with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome?\nAnswer: In a large unselected population of NSTEACS patients, weekend admission was associated with modest delays (4.8 h) in time to catheterization, but not with increased 30-day or 1-year mortality.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4f023124f7d42a7a5c239b654fff9af", "input": "Question: Does surgical time of day affect outcome following hip fracture fixation?\nAnswer: Surgical time of day did not affect 30-day mortality or total number of complications. Age, ASA score, and CCI were associated with adverse outcomes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cdfe3d19637c4ea4a78a4e7a9d6069b5", "input": "Question: Does the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 ( NOD1 ) polymorphism S7N affect receptor function?\nAnswer: The NOD1 polymorphism S7N does not interfere with receptor function in response to ligand stimulation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-74f2d8b4754b41ecb8eb23f80aee19a9", "input": "Question: Is lower extremity autologous vein bypass for critical limb ischemia adversely affected by prior endovascular procedure?\nAnswer: Overall operative mortality, patency rates, and limb salvage for autologous vein LEB in CLI patients continue to be excellent in the endovascular era and are not necessarily affected by a prior ipsilateral endovascular procedure. Long-term survival remains poor in CLI patients requiring LEB.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec1012066c454c4da2e26a450c65325e", "input": "Question: Does addition of zoledronic acid to neoadjuvant chemotherapy enhance tumor response in patients with HER2-negative stage II/III breast cancer : the NEOZOTAC trial ( BOOG 2010-01 )?\nAnswer: Addition of ZA to neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not improve pathological or clinical response to chemotherapy. Further investigations are warranted in postmenopausal women with BC, since this subgroup might benefit from ZA treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-edc4f11c9a4c44b59c8453a22cb3d62f", "input": "Question: Does a new approach to an old hypothesis ; phototherapy affect ductal patency via PGE2 and PGI2?\nAnswer: There was no effect of PT on ductal patency. We can conclude that PGs were eliminated simultaneously with ductal closure and photorelaxation effect did not influence PG levels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-62fd3419cb544c978afdeb4a01dbcd42", "input": "Question: Do dialysate cytokine levels predict encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis?\nAnswer: Although MCP-1, IL-6 and CCL15 were found at higher levels in the dialysate of patients who subsequently developed EPS, dialysate levels of these cytokines do not improve prediction of future EPS above a model using known clinical risk factors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-79b1beaf275e4fabb8af244c347f6a4f", "input": "Question: Do mortality rates differ among patients prescribed various vitamin D agents?\nAnswer: For this peritoneal dialysis population, instrumental variable analyses showed no significant difference in mortality in patients taking the most common oral vitamin D formulations (calcitriol, doxercalciferol, paricalcitol).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-509cba87cbf240d08ebc9e7407ef161c", "input": "Question: Do haemoglobin levels correlate with the extent of coronary artery disease : results from a large cohort study?\nAnswer: This study showed that Hb levels are not associated with the prevalence and extent of CAD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3a2af2fe89a343a2a50d55319c6e3bb3", "input": "Question: Do tNF-\u03b1 inhibitors impair sperm quality in males with ankylosing spondylitis after short-term or long-term treatment?\nAnswer: Sperm quality in patients with active AS and after receiving short- and long-term TNF-\u03b1 blocker therapy is comparable to sperm quality in healthy controls. Our study confirms that the disease process of AS does not have a major impact on sperm quality and that treatment with anti-TNF has no negative impact on sperm quality even under long-term treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0cd21b439ae8428f9059d4bb75fcb3e7", "input": "Question: Does bRAF V600E predict aggressive features of pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma?\nAnswer: BRAF V600E mutations may be more prevalent than previously thought in pediatric patients with PTC, but do not correlate with aggressive disease characteristics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-582276c8b40d404d8eac5829739d771d", "input": "Question: Do elevated plasma levels of interleukin-6 in postmenopausal women correlate with bone density?\nAnswer: The elevation of plasma IL-6 observed following menopause is consistent with the proposed importance of estrogen in the regulation of IL-6. These findings do not provide support for a role of IL-6 in determination of peak bone density or subsequent development of osteoporosis. However, it is possible that plasma levels of IL-6 differ from those in the bone microenvironment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-816025d00f1c4b5c8d440c31dfa85f68", "input": "Question: Does interleukin-6 stimulate rat myometrial contractions in an in vitro model?\nAnswer: IL-6 in the presence or absence of membranes, over a four log fold dose range, did not stimulate uterine contractions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bea0aec8b0c64a448a19f9ff31d99415", "input": "Question: Is intraoperative cholangiography essential to avoid duct injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy?\nAnswer: We think that the use of IOC to avoid bile duct injuries is not essential, and that the key to avoiding such injuries is meticulous demonstration of anatomic detail at operation. We have been satisfied with selective use of endoscopic cholangiography and sphincterotomy for the management of choledocholithiasis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9dfd1de1895144ca82387cf11b390877", "input": "Question: Does continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration improve survival in a canine model of septic shock?\nAnswer: The results of this study suggest that CAVH would be unlikely to provide benefit to patients with gram-negative septic shock, in the absence of renal failure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-61113d12a8af4a5fa15ea74832a09446", "input": "Question: Is low-frequency spectral power of heart rate variability a specific marker of cardiac sympathetic modulation?\nAnswer: Although preganglionic cardiac sympathetic blockade reduced the LF/HF ratio during tilt, it did not alter spectral power in the LF band during rest or tilt. Accordingly, low-frequency spectral power is unlikely to specifically reflect cardiac sympathetic modulation in humans.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c9bfe87425e4141aaf692618183aef7", "input": "Question: Is increased insulin-like growth factor 1 production by human osteoarthritic chondrocytes dependent on growth hormone action?\nAnswer: This study indicates that the elevated synthesis of IGF-1 by adult human OA chondrocytes occurs through a GH/GHR-independent mechanism, suggesting that other factors are capable of controlling local IGF-1 production in these cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac60611e39204a099e1ba20bba11db19", "input": "Question: Are hLA-DR and HLA-DQ markers for rapid disease progression in primary sclerosing cholangitis?\nAnswer: The HLA-associated genetic susceptibility to PSC cannot be attributed to specific amino acid positions of the DR beta chains. The highly discrepant results obtained in two previously reported studies and the present investigation indicate that HLA class II alleles are not markers for a more aggressive clinical course in PSC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-71d8c5a126bd4aee91d8f7b8c2c699e4", "input": "Question: Does midazolam antagonize fentanyl-mediated analgesia in surgical patients?\nAnswer: Under these clinical conditions, the administration of midazolam, when compared with droperidol, was not associated with signs of any antagonistic or antianalgesic action toward fentanyl-mediated analgesia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d0bbf0ac3ef245c4b84752a28613b779", "input": "Question: Is methacholine responsiveness associated with O3-induced decreases in FEV1?\nAnswer: Although we were unable to find support for our hypothesis, we found, somewhat surprisingly, that respiratory symptoms were weakly associated or unassociated with FEV1 responses after O3 exposure. This finding implies that individuals may experience adverse effects, ie, respiratory symptoms, without large declines in lung function. Conversely, individuals may suffer large declines in lung function without prominent symptoms and, therefore, may remain in an unhealthy environment despite evidence of toxicity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e322c82dc65431d84f97d0d24c3b1b9", "input": "Question: Does dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate predict cardiovascular death in postmenopausal women . The Rancho Bernardo Study?\nAnswer: Although higher DHEAS levels were associated with several major CVD risk factors, they were unrelated to the risk of fatal CVD in women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4512919cb774b13ad5cdfce58f0f947", "input": "Question: Is microscopic salpingitis an etiologic factor of tubal pregnancy with intrauterine devices?\nAnswer: The use of an IUD does not appear to cause tubal pregnancy by the mechanism of tubal inflammation or presence of salpingitis isthmica nodosa. Therefore, other mechanisms by which an IUD might cause ectopic pregnancy should be considered.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a2581410547e482b84fad7937cf7d510", "input": "Question: Does insulin at normal physiological levels prolong QT ( c ) interval in thorough QT studies performed in healthy volunteers?\nAnswer: The findings of this study demonstrate that there was no change in QT(c) during the euglycaemic clamp. Given that insulin was raised to physiological concentrations comparable with those seen after a meal, whilst the release of C-peptide was suppressed, insulin appears to have no effect on the QT(c) interval in either direction. The results suggest a relationship exists between the shortening of QT(c) and C-peptide concentrations and indicate that glucose may have a QT(c) prolonging effect, which will require further research.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aed503301e6c4f819f7fced3b3ed5171", "input": "Question: Do expanded effector memory T-lymphocytes in DBA/2 mice inhibit the growth of SL2 tumours?\nAnswer: SL2 tumours induce expansion of effector memory lymphocytes in DBA/2 mice. However, expanded effector memory lymphocytes do not inhibit the growth of tumours.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9d1e76da107f49008defa05e0bf6cc31", "input": "Question: Do fermentable fibers affect satiety or food intake by women who do not practice restrained eating?\nAnswer: Functional fibers incorporated into chocolate bars at high fiber doses produce greater gastrointestinal symptoms than control, but do not alter satiety, hunger, or food intake compared with control in the short term.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9e0e7c7df864f44b061b4bf231eba47", "input": "Question: Does a haemoperitoneum indicate active bleeding in the peritoneum in 50 % of hypotensive blunt trauma patients : a study of 110 severe trauma patients?\nAnswer: Haemoperitoneum was associated with PAB in only 52% of hypotensive blunt trauma patients and 63% of bleeding patients. In contrast, 59% of bleeding patients had at least one EPAB. The screening of a haemoperitoneum as a marker of active haemorrhagic source may be confusing and lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate strategy. Clinician should exclude carefully the presence of any EPAB explaining haemorrhagic shock, before to decide haemostatic treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5704ae3b48d54db9a985253666ca6c12", "input": "Question: Does the sequence of administration of 1.5 % mepivacaine and 0.5 % bupivacaine affect latency of block onset or duration of analgesia in ultrasound-guided interscalene block?\nAnswer: The sequence in which 15 mL mepivacaine 1.5% and 15 mL bupivacaine 0.5% are administered does not seem to have a clinically meaningful effect on duration or onset of ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ce4486e71534b6188a8631b1d4cb886", "input": "Question: Is endoscopic and histological gastric lesions in children with celiac disease : mucosal involvement only confined to the duodenum?\nAnswer: Gastritis is a common finding in children with CD and adolescents. In celiac subjects, CSG is the most frequently detected. Our data suggest the hypothesis that LG may be related to a longer exposure to gluten. The presence of GPCA may suggest the presence of an underlying autoimmune process.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aabc4de495b34c52b6de5100f6a10731", "input": "Question: Is biofilm formation by otopathogenic strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa consistently inhibited by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid?\nAnswer: Our hypothesis was disproven: EDTA tends to delay biofilm development, although it consistently inhibits planktonic growth. Because EDTA does not cause suppression of biofilm production in all isolates of OPPA, usefulness as an antimicrobial is questioned.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5b548a44c7224141ac231bf7b2d74564", "input": "Question: Does genetic counseling fulfill the counselees ' need for certainty in hereditary breast/ovarian cancer families : an explorative assessment?\nAnswer: The counselees' NfC needs more attention in research and practice, for example, when the potential uncertainties of testing are discussed. The counselees' NfC may be assessed and used in tailored, mutual communication of DNA test results.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b17106d077734b82a0934168443f15cf", "input": "Question: Are important technical parameters presented in reports of intraoral digital radiography in endodontic treatment : recommendations for future studies?\nAnswer: The methodologic quality of future publications must be improved to permit replication of studies and comparison of results between studies in dental digital radiography. Our recommendations can improve the quality of studies on diagnostic accuracy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-57557f471b294d7085cd220f5772c6e7", "input": "Question: Is routine drainage necessary after laparoscopic gastric bypass?\nAnswer: Routine abdominal drainage is not necessary after a successful laparoscopic gastric bypass for morbidly obese patients. Drainage omission may contribute to a quicker recovery without additional surgical complications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b3aca9b2fb2a449aaac4d039b775e2dc", "input": "Question: Does immediately preoperative use of biological therapy influence liver regeneration after large resection -- porcine experimental model with monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor?\nAnswer: The achieved results of comparable liver regeneration in both the experimental and control groups confirms the use of biological treatment with cetuximab in the pre-operative period for minimizing the recovery period.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e04ebc2ed9984d76a146341f8d2ad607", "input": "Question: Does provision of a soy-based intravenous lipid emulsion at 1 g/kg/d prevent cholestasis in neonates?\nAnswer: Lipid reduction to 1 g/kg/d does not prevent or delay the onset of cholestasis in neonates.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d3a5d1863d141bb95e47f43c0d1beaa", "input": "Question: Is six-minute walk distance related to quality of life in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis?\nAnswer: In this sample, there was a high proportion of patients who presented a lower than expected 6MWD. Although 6MWD was not related to QoL, it was associated with age and BMI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-904fee16c38444059cd9131ca9a7c0ba", "input": "Question: Is body mass index independently associated with increased aortic stiffness in a Brazilian population?\nAnswer: In conclusion, our study failed to provide evidence of a positive, blood pressure (BP)-independent association between obesity on aortic stiffness. Our data suggests that the previously reported finding of an association between obesity and aortic stiffness was probably confounded by the progressive increase in BP observed in obesity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-61d879d583ae4a7baf52258ef603fcc0", "input": "Question: Is the combination of octreotide and midodrine superior to albumin in preventing recurrence of ascites after large-volume paracentesis?\nAnswer: The combination of midodrine and octreotide after LVP is not superior to albumin in delaying recurrence of ascites or preventing PCD in patients with cirrhosis. Outcomes appear to be worse in patients given octreotide and midodrine. ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00108355.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3bc984e146ee4ddf957fbddbb4172289", "input": "Question: Does [ Storage at room temperature change cisatracurium onset time : a prospective , randomized , double-blind controlled study ]?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated that cisatracurium's storage at room temperature had no influence on its onset time. It provides an argument for the preservation of cisatracurium at room temperature for a period not exceeding 21 days. Monitoring the onset of curarization may increase the quality score of intubation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b6a92e4955743d993a7663e8e87043b", "input": "Question: Does use of a furosemide drip improve earlier primary fascial closure in the open abdomen?\nAnswer: FD use may remove excess volume; however, forced diuresis with an FD is not associated with an increased rate of primary closure after DCL. Further studies are warranted to identify ICU strategies to facilitate fascial closure in DCL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0f3f605aae9a4fa9b1e26d7d96d86a31", "input": "Question: Are physical activity/fitness peaks during perimenopause and BMI change patterns associated with baseline activity/fitness in women : a longitudinal study with a median 7-year follow-up?\nAnswer: We concluded that the age-related longitudinal patterns in physical activity and fitness are not linear. Baseline activity and fitness levels are associated with BMI status during adulthood, but do not affect BMI change trajectory.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dc1c1307acca4cc58a62dd8f2b08383e", "input": "Question: Are polymorphisms -1082 G/A and -819 C/T in the interleukin-10 gene associated with gout susceptibility in the Chinese Han male population?\nAnswer: IL-10 -1082 G/A and -819 C/T polymorphisms may not be associated with susceptibility to gout and thus do not play a major role in the development of gout in the Chinese Han male population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3de6add11f234a3faf8a70c6117ebcd5", "input": "Question: Is cyst fluid carcinoembryonic antigen level predictive of invasive cancer in patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas?\nAnswer: Single center experience, small patient numbers, retrospective data collection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-38708142d4bd471f97db3f8434f6818c", "input": "Question: Is interleukin-1\u03b2 gene associated with preeclampsia in Taiwanese?\nAnswer: Our data do not support a role of the interleukin-1\u03b2 gene in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia in Taiwanese women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e59fe81251ed47f589dd315fc8a758f6", "input": "Question: Are between subjects variability in haemoglobin and dose associated with the erythropoiesis-stimulating agent used to treat anaemia in dialysis : a meta-analysis?\nAnswer: Between subject variability in haemoglobin and ESA dose in dialysis patients is not associated with the type of ESA, nor with the dosing interval or route of administration, except for higher dose requirements in PEG-EPO monthly administration relative to every 2 weeks or rHuEPO i.v. relative to s.c.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2055ce350fb441d2a8a453099abd0c42", "input": "Question: Does targeting of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production avert lipid-induced insulin resistance in muscle tissue from mice?\nAnswer: SkQ treatment reduced muscle mitochondrial ROS production and prevented HF-induced oxidative stress. Nonetheless, whole-body glucose tolerance, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, muscle insulin signalling and mitochondrial function were not improved. These results suggest that HF-induced oxidative stress is not a prerequisite for the development of muscle insulin resistance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f8b32a2572f4a82954732cccec2655c", "input": "Question: Does decreased Glasgow Coma Scale score mandate endotracheal intubation in the emergency department?\nAnswer: This study suggests that it can be safe to observe poisoned patients with decreased consciousness, even if they have a GCS of 8 or less, in the ED.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0bd155ca133b4a6e98afcbdb1417892b", "input": "Question: Is prematurity associated with reduced insulin sensitivity in adulthood?\nAnswer: Contrary to our hypothesis, preterm birth was not associated with reduced insulin sensitivity in young adulthood.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8a4628060ad84d779e30ef25da8e9fdc", "input": "Question: Does bimatoprost-induced calcium signaling in human T-cells involve prostanoid FP or TP receptors?\nAnswer: Molt-3 cells have been identified as a bimatoprost-sensitive preparation in which the activity of bimatoprost is independent of prostanoid FP receptors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-52ad5313179e4ce0aa0a7b09be9856f1", "input": "Question: Is increased C-reactive protein associated with apathy : the Leiden 85-Plus Study?\nAnswer: Higher CRP concentrations increased the risk of depression but not apathy in a community-based cohort of 85 years old subjects. This suggests that apathy and depression in old age have different etiologies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-34268734122f40e29bc0a2e2887a78ea", "input": "Question: Does androgen receptor modulation affect longitudinal growth of cultured fetal rat metatarsal bones?\nAnswer: Modulation of AR activity in the fetal rat growth plate does not affect linear bone growth. Extrapolating from these in vitro data, it could be speculated that oxandrolone stimulates longitudinal bone growth in treated children by acting indirectly rather than directly through AR activation in growth plate chondrocytes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e1dc15afe194375b215ec9f4b9a295d", "input": "Question: Does sodium nitroprusside iontophoresis on the finger pad consistently increase skin blood flow in healthy controls and patients with systemic sclerosis?\nAnswer: The iontophoresis of SNP leads to a consistent, non axon reflex-dependent, increase in cutaneous vascular conductance in the forearm, both in patients with SSc and in healthy controls. On the finger pad however, such hyperemia was not consistent. As a consequence, other tools should be considered to assess non endothelium-dependent skin microvascular function in the finger pad.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e8031107a174d13afc6ca67b64182f8", "input": "Question: Is flat-footedness a disadvantage for athletic performance in children aged 11 to 15 years?\nAnswer: No disadvantages in sport performance originating from flat-footedness were confirmed. Children with flat and children with \"normal\" feet were equally successful at accomplishing all motor tests; thus, we suggest that there is no need for treatment of flexible flat feet with the sole purpose of improving athletic performance, as traditionally advised by many.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-490c05e731fe4801854b91354f2fcbe0", "input": "Question: Do corr4A and VRT325 reduce the inflammatory response to P. aeruginosa in human cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells?\nAnswer: Corr4a and VRT325 do not reduce the inflammatory response to P. aeruginosa in human cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c2e9313be6844f599add3874c819eb31", "input": "Question: Does pioglitazone enhance the effectiveness of lifestyle modification in preventing conversion of impaired glucose tolerance to diabetes in Asian Indians : results of the Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme-2 ( IDPP-2 )?\nAnswer: Despite good adherence to lifestyle modification and drug therapy, no additional effect of pioglitazone was seen above that achieved with placebo. The effectiveness of the intervention in both groups was comparable with that of lifestyle modification alone, as reported from the Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme-1. The results are at variance with studies that showed significant relative risk reduction in conversion to diabetes with pioglitazone in Americans with IGT. An ethnicity-related difference in the action of pioglitazone in non-diabetic participants may be one explanation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4010adefbf0e4a57930f52d2378520b8", "input": "Question: Do pain symptoms and stooling patterns drive diagnostic costs for children with functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome in primary or tertiary care?\nAnswer: Despite the lack of difference in symptom characteristics between children in primary and tertiary care, a notable differential in cost of evaluation exists in accordance with level of care. Symptom characteristics do not seem to drive diagnostic evaluation in either primary or tertiary care. Given the lack of differences in child-reported symptoms and the maternal perspective that children evaluated by a gastroenterologist had more severe pain, we speculate that parent perception of child symptoms may be a primary factor in seeking tertiary care.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-484c2dbb67cd44b4b4ec42e064ecbdf8", "input": "Question: Is assortative mating among Lake Malawi cichlid fish populations simply predictable from male nuptial colour?\nAnswer: We suggest that non-visual cues, such as olfactory signals, may play an important role in mate choice and behavioural isolation in these and perhaps other African cichlid fish. Future speciation models aimed at explaining African cichlid radiations may therefore consider incorporating such mating cues in mate choice scenarios.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8c0e5815aece4769980b971c73cf5aa2", "input": "Question: Does oral antioxidant supplementation prevent acute mountain sickness : double blind , randomized placebo-controlled trial?\nAnswer: This trial found no evidence of benefit from antioxidant supplementation at high altitude.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-822aa7835dd04767b87c20cbbb27620b", "input": "Question: Does diabetes affect ventricular repolarization and sudden cardiac death risk in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy?\nAnswer: Diabetes appears to increase the risk of heart failure in patients with DCM without affecting ventricular repolarization parameters and sudden cardiac death risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b402e3b484744edb15b46413a136369", "input": "Question: Are rigid sigmoidoscopy and MRI interchangeable in determining the position of rectal cancers?\nAnswer: 1) MRI and sigmoidoscopy are not interchangeable in determining the distance from anus to tumour simply by correcting for the length of the anal canal. It has not been determined if measurements from MRI or sigmoidoscopy are more accurate, but current evidence concerning the effect of neoadjuvant irradiation at different positions in the rectum is based upon rigid sigmoidoscopy. 2) The gain in tumour free distance above the anus induced by neoadjuvant treatment is small. Facilitation of sphincter-saving surgery should not be an argument for neoadjuvant treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-88d2f74336d740bc8fbac550e18e71bb", "input": "Question: Does short-term exercise training stimulate skeletal muscle ATP synthesis in relatives of humans with type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: The ability of short-term exercise to stimulate ATP production distinguished individuals with improved insulin sensitivity from those whose insulin sensitivity did not improve. In addition, the NDUFB6 gene polymorphism appeared to modulate this adaptation. This finding suggests that genes involved in mitochondrial function contribute to the response of ATP synthesis to exercise training.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-06e0b8d58699481e9e6ce0b6e56b47b0", "input": "Question: Is association between frequency of chromosomal aberrations and cancer risk influenced by genetic polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1?\nAnswer: Despite the small size of the study groups, our results substantiate the cancer risk predictivity of CA frequency, ruling against a strong modifying effect of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c779da6d5cd422799ef51cc7adca50d", "input": "Question: Is helicobacter pylori associated with anaemia in Latin America : results from Argentina , Brazil , Bolivia , Cuba , Mexico and Venezuela?\nAnswer: The present study showed no evidence to support the hypothesis that H. pylori contributes to anaemia in children, adolescents, adults or pregnant women in six Latin American countries.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-589ccb3dbd8f42e4ab21630c3b20a734", "input": "Question: Does continuous infusion of pantoprazole with octreotide improve management of variceal hemorrhage?\nAnswer: Prolonged continuous infusions of pantoprazole with octreotide seemed to offer no additional benefit compared with octreotide plus short-term infusions of pantoprazole or intermittent acid suppression in the management of acute variceal hemorrhage. Prospective studies should be conducted to evaluate the role of continuously infused proton pump inhibitors in this setting before their use can be advocated.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-895599ad158a44e1ad166d181aedc467", "input": "Question: Is histamine released in acute thermal injury in human skin in vivo : a microdialysis study?\nAnswer: Histamine is not released in human skin during the acute phase of a thermal injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-228f0b8ec5684b1288a455c933b0fb5e", "input": "Question: Does physically active lifestyle decrease the risk of fattening?\nAnswer: The change from a physically active to a more sedentary routine does not induce an equivalent reduction of energy intake and requires cognitive restriction to maintain energy balance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d3c47980913b4cb0b35bad8b3c954524", "input": "Question: Are digital images obtained with a digital camera associated with a loss of critical information -- a preliminary study?\nAnswer: Storing existing radiographs in a digital medium for space saving purposes using a digital camera does not loose critical information.Clinical implication Clinicians can use digital cameras to digitise and store radiographic images without losing important diagnostic information.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee4098ad11b94ec0be97a67647136685", "input": "Question: Is the multidrug resistance 1 ( MDR1 ) gene polymorphism G-rs3789243-A associated with disease susceptibility in Norwegian patients with colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer ; a case control study?\nAnswer: The MDR1 intron 3 (G-rs3789243-A) polymorphism was not associated with a risk of colorectal adenomas or carcinomas in the present Norwegian study group. Thus, this MDR1 polymorphism does not seem to play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis in this population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-99240729c947418a9e46d88534138639", "input": "Question: Does iGF-1 moderate the time-dependent transcriptional patterns of key homeostatic genes induced by sustained compression of bovine cartilage?\nAnswer: Sustained compression markedly altered the effects of IGF-1 on expression of genes involved in cartilage homeostasis, while IGF-1 was largely unable to moderate the transcriptional effects of compression alone. The demonstrated co-expressed gene pairings suggest a balance of anabolic and catabolic activity following simultaneous mechanical and growth factor stimuli.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bcb33b16d75c4a1c873ab3c4bec43ddb", "input": "Question: Do post-ERCP pancreatitis rates differ between needle-knife and pull-type pancreatic sphincterotomy techniques : a multiendoscopist 13-year experience?\nAnswer: The risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis does not differ between EPS techniques when performed at a high-volume pancreaticobiliary referral center when using routine prophylactic pancreatic duct stent placement.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8dd1a4a549ac4d2c857c7c954ff5af68", "input": "Question: Does scaffold Attachment Factor B1 ( SAFB1 ) heterozygosity influence Wnt-1 or DMBA-induced tumorigenesis?\nAnswer: Our data show that SAFB1 heterozygosity does not influence Wnt-1 or DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a3413ada4f04473b9d6d8a5b6602f27", "input": "Question: Do why women accept randomisation for place of birth : feasibility of a RCT in The Netherlands?\nAnswer: Factors that prevent randomisation for place of birth are difficult to influence. There is a need to explore why there is such certainty of view among women having their first child. Until we have an understanding of why women select information to make these choices and why women are reluctant to participate in trials that challenge choice, it may well be impossible to mount a trial of place of birth.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fb6488e7eb304775ab2dc301946a8b55", "input": "Question: Does adjuvant therapy with the monoclonal antibody Edrecolomab plus fluorouracil-based therapy improve overall survival of patients with stage III colon cancer?\nAnswer: For patients with stage III colon cancer, the addition of ED to FU-based therapy had no statistically significant effect on OS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cbd880f52fa64121abbf6312820a4822", "input": "Question: Does the Seattle protocol more reliably predict the detection of cancer at the time of esophagectomy than a less intensive surveillance protocol?\nAnswer: Intense preoperative biopsy sampling by the Seattle protocol does not more reliably predict the detection of cancer at the time of esophagectomy than a less intensive surveillance protocol. This calls into question the concept that extensive sampling with the Seattle protocol consistently detects early cancers arising in Barrett's esophagus patients with high-grade dysplasia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-240ac80af60145fcbe85d27529f31d4f", "input": "Question: Does gAB2 gene modify the risk of Alzheimer 's disease in Spanish APOE 4 carriers?\nAnswer: GAB2 rs2373115 marker does not modify the risk of Alzheimer's disease in Spanish APOE epsilon 4 carriers.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-35a1f2359a5e49fab49b73fbb25b863a", "input": "Question: Does mild methionine excess affect thymidylate synthesis or inflammation markers expression in human aortic endothelial cells?\nAnswer: Under the study conditions, methionine was not able to exert the atherogenic mechanism proposed and did not have the hypothesized inflammatory consequences in human aortic endothelial cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bfa6ebddbcfe4fd19c5492a00700dba1", "input": "Question: Is global leukocyte DNA methylation altered in euthymic bipolar patients?\nAnswer: The assay we used, based on restriction by methylation-sensitive/insensitive enzymes followed by a radioactive DNA polymerase reaction was approved to accurately measure global DNA methylation, but has technical limitations i.e. restriction enzymes do not cleave all potential methylation sites in the genome and restriction sites may be altered by mutations or polymorphisms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a00ed4a66cf43b1ac2268b1a667a9bc", "input": "Question: Does abatacept induce direct gene expression changes in antigen-presenting cells?\nAnswer: We conclude that reverse signaling in antigen-presenting cells is unlikely to occur in response to either abatacept or belatacept, thereby supporting the modulation of CD28 signaling on T cells as the main mechanism of action for these therapeutics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-422fa7b852c34db4ae640562b9d206cf", "input": "Question: Is epithelial ovarian tumors in the reproductive age group : age an independent prognostic factor?\nAnswer: Epithelial ovarian cancer patients age 30 years or younger have a more favorable prognosis because of a higher rate of early stage, low grade tumors. Patients aged 31-40 years also show a more favorable disease profile and clinical outcome, although to a lesser extent, than the average ovarian cancer population. Age does not emerge as an independent prognostic factor for ovarian carcinoma in women younger than 40 years.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f08e394543d430f8c248ec7da5d0bce", "input": "Question: Does acute exposure to carbon monoxide affect plasma lipids , lipoproteins , and apolipoproteins?\nAnswer: Acute exposure to carbon monoxide and high altitude does not affect fasting plasma lipid, lipoprotein, or apolipoprotein levels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5bd70b8d3b1145838b78d8eedd8cb6a0", "input": "Question: Does what explain the variation in the direct costs of graduate medical education?\nAnswer: Much of the current variation in residency costs and payments is attributable to accounting and not structural or locational factors. Institutions looking for ways to become more efficient could compare costs of training across institutions without sophisticated adjusters. Federal policymakers should consider a national payment rate per resident to replace the current system based on hospital-specific costs. This proposal would redistribute dollars across residency programs. The proposal would affect payments for direct medical education in the Medicare program and could form the basis for payment for residency education by all payers.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-056394b6e38a458cb62a621035be72d0", "input": "Question: Is [ A single positive prostatic biopsy out of six systematic biopsies correlated with the intracapsular nature of the tumor on an individual level ]?\nAnswer: A single positive prostatic biopsy out of six systematic biopsies is a useful predictive factor of local extension, but, in the individual patient, does not guarantee favourable histopathological characteristics of the tumour, nor a favourable course of the disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e1dd78ab22654083b9b13943f436badb", "input": "Question: Does overexpression or mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene occur in malignant ovarian germ cell tumors?\nAnswer: Alterations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene may not be associated with the pathogenesis of ovarian germ cell tumors. Instead, genetic changes such as inactivation of other tumor suppressor genes and/or activation of some protooncogenes need to be studied to determine the genetic mechanisms of the tumor development.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d522a5b8e703438881f6436c65021dd3", "input": "Question: Does tirilazad protect rat brain from brachytherapy-induced injury?\nAnswer: In the present model, Tirilazad failed to reduce the volume of radiation brain injury from brachytherapy as seen on MRI, studied acutely in tumor-bearing and non-tumor-bearing animals and also at 3 months in non-tumor-bearing rats.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-18e9fe0afdca47b393da7c68077f5557", "input": "Question: Do the periurethral glands significantly influence the serum prostate specific antigen concentration?\nAnswer: The greatest difference in median PSA levels that could be found between men with and without periurethral glands when using 3 different ultra-sensitive assays was 0.01 ng./ml., indicating that the periurethral glands do not have a clinically significant effect on serum PSA concentration after radical prostatectomy. Thus, a serum PSA level above the residual cancer detection limit following radical prostatectomy, even if obtained with a ultra-sensitive assay, reflects either malignant or benign residual prostatic tissue, rather than the presence of periurethral glands.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d609d3d098e44e439917ba06ed7d3247", "input": "Question: Does sertraline alter the beta-adrenergic blocking activity of atenolol in healthy male volunteers?\nAnswer: The results of this study demonstrate that sertraline does not alter the beta-blocking activity of atenolol.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-21094e499a904397a7aa54161a9ef25d", "input": "Question: Does peripheral joint laxity increases in pregnancy but correlate with serum relaxin levels?\nAnswer: Peripheral joint laxity is noted to increase as pregnancy progresses. The cause of this change is undetermined.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2df3ca8514094d86993d778efdb0aa5b", "input": "Question: Is pyruvate dehydrogenase inactivity responsible for sepsis-induced insulin resistance?\nAnswer: Activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase with dichloroacetate does not ameliorate the impairment of whole-body, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in septic humans or rats, or reverse the specific defect in insulin-mediated skeletal muscle glucose uptake by septic rats. Therefore, the decreased pyruvate dehydrogenase activity associated with sepsis does not appear to mediate sepsis-induced insulin resistance during insulin-stimulated glucose uptake at either the whole-body or tissue level.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6aed4da3c4a941a1a0e174174431e16f", "input": "Question: Does preconditioning prevent postischemic dysfunction in aging heart?\nAnswer: Preconditioning transient ischemic stimulus significantly reduces postischemic dysfunction in adult but not in senescent hearts, whereas exogenous norepinephrine is able to mimic preconditioning in both adult and senescent hearts. Ischemic preconditioning induces an increase in norepinephrine release in adult but not in senescent hearts. Preconditioning induced by transient ischemic stimulus and norepinephrine was abolished by alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade in both adult and senescent hearts. Thus, our data demonstrate that preconditioning is absent in aging heart and is probably related to the reduction of norepinephrine release and alpha-adrenergic receptor stimulation in response to ischemic preconditioning.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a62519028e904ecb809f740ced7f0c8d", "input": "Question: Does serum creatine kinase predict ectopic pregnancy?\nAnswer: Maternal SCK concentrations do not reliably predict EP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-00ac7ae16df14389bff4e765c08e6940", "input": "Question: Is serum lactate predicted by anion gap or base excess after trauma resuscitation?\nAnswer: There is no correlation between lactate, base excess, and anion gap after initial resuscitation. Neither anion gap nor base excess was capable of predicting lactate; therefore, lactate must be directly measured. The lack of correlation of anion gap with base excess or lactate suggests the presence of unmeasured anions, an impairment in acid-base regulation after injury and resuscitation, or both.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6f6dd3761d63472589a57559d31fe37e", "input": "Question: Does high-dose human menopausal gonadotropin stimulation in poor responders improve in vitro fertilization outcome?\nAnswer: Poor responders do not benefit from high-dose hMG stimulation; their reproduction outcome is poor.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e2af881186f94164a198092690dbfe7a", "input": "Question: Does selective blockade of cholecystokinin type B receptors with L-365,260 impair gallbladder contraction in normal humans?\nAnswer: Multiple oral doses of L-365,260 do not alter ultrasonographically assessed gallbladder contraction at doses shown to be clinically effective in earlier studies. Despite being more difficult to implement, the sum of cylinders method for estimating gall bladder size offers no advantage over the ellipsoid method.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-09d22d484e0f410ca15cfb327425ef35", "input": "Question: Do elevated progesterone levels in the late follicular phase predict success of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer?\nAnswer: We conclude that in IVF-ET cycles, when pretreated with GnRH-a, P levels may increase on the day of hCG administration despite LH suppression and such elevation may not affect adversely the final outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-303001efd9fa453aa7b9638dac3ab6c3", "input": "Question: Do inhaled corticosteroids prevent the development of tolerance to the bronchoprotective effect of salmeterol?\nAnswer: Tolerance to the acute bronchoprotective effect of salmeterol was significant after the first two doses and persisted after the seventh dose. Tolerance to the acute bronchoprotective effect of salbutamol was also significant after regular use of salmeterol for seven doses. These effects, in subjects using inhaled corticosteroids regularly, were similar to the those previously seen in patients with mild asthma using as-required beta 2-agonists only, indicating that tolerance is not prevented by use of inhaled corticosteroids.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c87a758e848e4cacab5df0b608cf0104", "input": "Question: Are myocardial and cerebral oxygen delivery adversely affected by cocaine administration to early-gestation fetal sheep?\nAnswer: Cerebral and myocardial oxygen delivery are unimpeded by maternal cocaine administration in 0.7 term gestation ovine fetuses.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-98d43ed3840b446382da43d82f51c6c1", "input": "Question: Does nonischemic Postoperative Seizure Increase Mortality After Cardiac Surgery?\nAnswer: When PS is associated with acute cerebrovascular accident, a significant increase in postoperative morbidity and mortality can be expected. However, in those with isolated PS (without evidence of new neurologic injury), perioperative mortality and morbidity are comparable to those without any neurologic complications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ffa73fe66ff48aab852b0a9650f8656", "input": "Question: Does remote ischemic preconditioning increase circulating or effector organ concentrations of proopiomelanocortin derivates?\nAnswer: We were not able to demonstrate a detectable increase in circulating POMC derivates by a standard rIPC stimulus, suggesting that rIPC effect is not mediated by local or detectable central release of these derivates.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cf7c3742d66349888377e049c3969fd9", "input": "Question: Are aTP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 ( ABCB1 ) and subfamily C member 10 ( ABCC10 ) primary resistance factors for cabazitaxel?\nAnswer: ABCB1 and ABCC10 are not primary resistance factors for cabazitaxel compared with paclitaxel, suggesting that cabazitaxel may have a low affinity for these efflux transporters.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1cfec11039134f7a94dfd572706cae92", "input": "Question: Is neoadjuvant chemoradiation for rectal cancer associated with higher rates of thromboembolism?\nAnswer: The prevalence of TE in patients with rectal cancer was 7.8%, with most events occurring in within 30 days of surgery. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation was not associated with an increased risk of TE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4291257f1d254d088f1251d32a20f887", "input": "Question: Is cognitive impairment a predictor of failure to adhere to anticoagulation of stroke patients with atrial fibrillation?\nAnswer: In stroke and TIA patients with AF, the multifactorial medical and functional constellation rather than cognitive impairment specifically can be an obstacle for long-term OAC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-803fff7c6d71450185c5976b7f36c659", "input": "Question: Is type 1 diabetes associated with an increased prevalence of hepatic steatosis?\nAnswer: Our data showed that Type 1 diabetes was not associated with an increased prevalence of steatosis. Moreover, our study provided no specific arguments concerning a link between liver fat content and diabetic complications in patients with Type 1 diabetes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-934134dc3d5a43d8a6aba058b75e47a7", "input": "Question: Does excessive iodine intake increase the recurrence rate of graves ' disease after withdrawal of the antithyroid drug in an iodine-replete area?\nAnswer: The present study suggests that excessive iodine intake does not have an effect on the clinical outcomes of Graves' disease in an iodine-replete area, and therefore diet control with iodine restriction might not be necessary in the management of Graves' disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a32daf12f584520b8133a093531ce8a", "input": "Question: Does absolute lymphocyte count with extreme hyperleukocytosis have a prognostic impact in chronic lymphocytic leukemia?\nAnswer: Although our results do not confirm that high initial levels of WBC are independently associated with shorter survival in CLL, the clinical course in these cases appears to be aggressive and conventional prognostic factors are not valid in this patient sub-group.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee2f607dbb554c3f8d92e824ba5a080c", "input": "Question: Does the efficacy of a lysine-based dendritic hydrogel differ from those of commercially available tissue sealants and adhesives : an ex vivo study?\nAnswer: The efficacy of the PEG-LysNH2 was significantly superior to conventional injury repair methods (sutures) and did not differ from those of commercially available products when sealing small incisions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe7768772f804ffa92dedf6fd8108da5", "input": "Question: Is the female protective effect in autism spectrum disorder mediated by a single genetic locus?\nAnswer: The results do not support the hypothesis that the FPE is mediated by a single genetic locus; however, this does not exclude the possibility of multiple genetic loci playing a role in the FPE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1922cd8df3e2433e94716b34909bf7a9", "input": "Question: Does short-term Intravenous Antibiotic Treatment in Uncomplicated Diverticulitis Increase the Risk of Recurrence Compared to Long-term Treatment?\nAnswer: Treatment of diverticulitis with a short IV antibiotic treatment is possible and does not modify the recurrence rate in patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-da920e5874504b079116a026a8e68df6", "input": "Question: Does prehospital oral chlorhexidine reduce the rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia among critically ill trauma patients : A prospective concurrent-control study?\nAnswer: The prehospital administration of oral chlorhexidine does not reduce the CPIS score over the first 48 hours of admission for intubated trauma patients. Further study should explore other prehospital strategies of reducing complications of critical illness.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b3d720784d64eb6aa354632a285d7f2", "input": "Question: Does rectosigmoid Localization of Radiopaque Markers Correlate with Prolonged Balloon Expulsion in Chronic Constipation : Results from a Multicenter Cohort?\nAnswer: Among patients with chronic constipation undergoing ROM transit testing, there is no association between rectosigmoid location of markers and rectoanal gradient or prolonged balloon expulsion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-851d5de0ecde48dcb4160b7c0e8f8e10", "input": "Question: Are asymptomatic ventricular premature depolarizations necessarily benign?\nAnswer: The absence of typical VPD-related symptoms may be a risk factor for cardiomyopathy and be associated with an adverse outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-637cba80941f4114bdd1496947264872", "input": "Question: Does loss of Bace1 in mice alter the severity of caerulein induced pancreatitis?\nAnswer: We discuss the results in the context of the applied caerulein induced edematous pancreatitis model and possible compensatory mechanisms via Bace2 that might be responsible for the observed results.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e41750c483664cdfaf5a4b4da437b6a9", "input": "Question: Do lipid-based nutrient supplements affect efavirenz but lower plasma nevirapine concentrations in Ethiopian adult HIV patients?\nAnswer: Intake of an LNS was associated with lower plasma nevirapine trough concentrations, indicating possible drug-LNS interactions. The clinical relevance of such reductions in nevirapine exposure is not clear. Plasma efavirenz concentration was not affected by the LNS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-751c2266daca4529ac88a1f60e986b9d", "input": "Question: Are paraoxonase ( PON1 ) polymorphisms Q192R and L55M associated with human longevity : A meta-analysis?\nAnswer: No evidence that the Q192R and L55M polymorphisms of PON1 impacted on the probability of reaching extreme ages was found although this cannot be completely ruled out; however, the possibility of population-specific effects due to the influence of and interaction between different genes or environmental factors could not be ruled out.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f97665806b414be9a0562e971cc5bca7", "input": "Question: Do virologically suppressed patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders display the same pattern of immune activation?\nAnswer: Aviraemic patients with sHAND did not display the same pattern of immune activation as subjects with ANI, suggesting that the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms could be different.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-28b64cd2d6764f14aac837ef8e7fb7c8", "input": "Question: Does a default normal chest CT structured reporting field for coronary calcifications cause excessive false-negative reporting?\nAnswer: Implementing a structured reporting template improves reporting accuracy of coronary calcifications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-81c2c2208db54df4892fcdd43c8fa636", "input": "Question: Is translation of questionnaires measuring health related quality of life standardized : a literature based research study?\nAnswer: This study shows that there seems to be a consensus regarding the translation process (especially for internal validity) although most researchers did not use a translation guide. Moreover, we recommended that clinical researchers should consider three steps covering the process of translation, the qualitative validation as well as the quantitative validation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3801e2333ddd430bab86a41da593b1f2", "input": "Question: Are small pulmonary artery defects reliable indicators of pulmonary embolism?\nAnswer: There is relatively poor interobserver agreement for subsegmental and/or small pulmonary artery defects, especially in CT pulmonary angiograms degraded by technical artifacts. These factors can lead to an increased frequency of inaccurate interpretation or indeterminate diagnosis of subsegmental and/or small defects. Caution is indicated in interpreting the significance of small vascular defects in CT pulmonary angiograms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e26af054fd3d4cfc8a3efafbdc22e009", "input": "Question: Is the uniform chest compression depth of 50 mm or greater recommended by current guidelines appropriate for all adults?\nAnswer: It is not appropriate that the current CC depth (\u226550 mm), expressed only as absolute measurement without a fraction of the depth of the chest, is applied uniformly in all adults. In addition, in terms of safety and efficacy, simulated CC targeting approximately between one-third and one-fourth EAPD CC depth might be appropriate.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4ef2ae40c4934ec89ea3daf7e8f49202", "input": "Question: Is constipation associated with diverticular disease - Analysis of 976 patients?\nAnswer: This large population based study revealed no association between colonic diverticular disease and constipation. Notably, the presence of diverticular disease significantly impacts quality of life.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2cb46653e14d497589ffbb2e667694b0", "input": "Question: Does scatter Photocoagulation Reduce Macular Edema or Treatment Burden in Patients with Retinal Vein Occlusion : The RELATE Trial?\nAnswer: In patients with macular edema resulting from RVO, there was no short-term clinically significant benefit from monthly injections of 2.0-mg versus 0.5-mg ranibizumab injections and no long-term benefit in BCVA, resolution of edema, or number of ranibizumab injections obtained by addition of laser treatment to ranibizumab.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d91cef1c4e3e4e3e817c53f02904be53", "input": "Question: Does obesity Influence Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients following Curative Hepatectomy?\nAnswer: Our propensity score-matched analysis strengthens the case that obesity does not adversely affect surgical outcomes of HCC patients undergoing curative hepatectomy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf70d11157404a1984d365c5e89efa31", "input": "Question: Does carotid Artery Applanation Tonometry Cause Significant Baroreceptor Activation?\nAnswer: We conclude that in our study, carotid artery applanation tonometry as performed by an experienced researcher did not cause clinically significant baroreceptor activation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f2590db98264649be7b20f13573cace", "input": "Question: Do variants in the Mannose-binding Lectin Gene MBL2 Associate With Sepsis Susceptibility or Survival in a Large European Cohort?\nAnswer: In this large, well-defined cohort of immune competent adult patients, no associations between MBL2 genotype and sepsis susceptibility or outcome were identified.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f2208699cbf4bec9da380d94c88185a", "input": "Question: Does dietary Silicon Deficiency Exacerbate Diet-Induced Fatty Lesions in Female ApoE Knockout Mice?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that dietary silicon has no effect on atherosclerosis development and vascular health in the apoE mouse model of diet-induced atherosclerosis, contrary to the reported findings in the cholesterol-fed rabbit model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-45d8e36939e3464bb071e2af2f540175", "input": "Question: Is gPRC6a required for the effects of a high-protein diet on body weight in mice?\nAnswer: GPRC6A was not necessary for the effects of a low- or high-protein diet on body weight and likely does not play a role in protein-induced satiety.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f86ff606eae646ff8b5049f273a7abfd", "input": "Question: Does monoclonal antibody against transforming growth factor Beta 1 influence liver regeneration after resection in large animal experiments?\nAnswer: We established a large animal model of toxic liver injury that is comparable with CASH. The toxic injury that was induced without pause between administrations was probably more extensive than occurs in CASH, and there was no effect of MAB-TGF\u03b2 administration on liver regeneration. MAB-TGF\u03b2 administration did not lead to any observable side-effects, indicating that it could be a promising solution for use as an oncologic-targeted treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a4e99b3d72ff412aaac24ed039667433", "input": "Question: Does the evidence speak for itself : The role of research evidence in shaping policy change for the implementation of publicly funded syringe exchange programs in three US cities?\nAnswer: Typological applications of research evidence are useful for understanding policy change processes, but their efficacy falls short when sociopolitical factors complicate legislative processes. Advocates for harm reduction may benefit from understanding how to effectively integrate research evidence into policy change processes in ways that confront the myriad of factors that influence policy change.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8619123116e446299f1380cc8529d3eb", "input": "Question: Is functional polymorphism of the NFKB1 gene promoter relevant in predisposition to celiac disease?\nAnswer: From these results, it could be suggested that the -94ins/delATTG NFKB1 polymorphism does not play a major role in CD susceptibility.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a28b93bc5b4741fcb4e6cc0354b34f77", "input": "Question: Is membrane-associated heparan sulfate required for rAAV-2 infection of human respiratory epithelia?\nAnswer: Lack of cell membrane HSPG in pulmonary epithelia and other cell lines results in only moderate decrease in susceptibility to rAAV-2 infection, and this decrease may be less important at high MOIs. Other cell membrane glycosaminoglycans can play a role in permitting attachment and subsequent rAAV-2 internalization. Targeting alternative membrane glycosaminoglycans may aid in improving the efficacy of rAAV-2 for pulmonary applications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e41a7914bae4de38b3ac9036fc29f4a", "input": "Question: Is pDC-E3BP a dominant T-cell autoantigen in primary biliary cirrhosis?\nAnswer: Despite the presence of antibodies reactive with PDC-E3BP in the majority of PBC patients this self-protein is not a dominant T-cell autoantigen in PBC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8630d4fd565047aaa3911341f1250d09", "input": "Question: Is radiological review of specimen radiographs after breast localisation biopsy always necessary?\nAnswer: This study shows that a suitably trained or experienced surgeon can assess specimen radiographs effectively without the need for intraoperative radiological input although complete histological resection is not guaranteed despite specimen radiographs demonstrating clear margins.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fa6d518868314240a8b45657581e0b0c", "input": "Question: Does cyclophosphamide mobilization improve outcome in patients receiving stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma?\nAnswer: We conclude that high-dose cyclophosphamide does not increase overall CR rates or improve TTP for patients with myeloma undergoing ASCT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d7cd8711ffae4a68ad3c8d0c3e794e03", "input": "Question: Does azithromycin cure pityriasis rosea?\nAnswer: Azithromycin does not cure PR.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bcbeca11724f4bfeab5e5bd653246d30", "input": "Question: Does prophylactic hemodialysis prevent contrast-induced nephropathy after cardiac catheterization in patients with chronic renal insufficiency?\nAnswer: Prophylactic hemodialysis for CRI patients undergoing cardiac catheterization does not prevent CIN.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e0a63c9b93aa4a6d9f63aabc780e63af", "input": "Question: Is robotic urological surgery in patients with prior abdominal operations associated with increased complications?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrates that robotic urological surgery can be performed in patients with prior abdominal surgery without increased perioperative complications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-261ba55ec14c455d81f36597e8390f24", "input": "Question: Is hypercholesterolaemia associated with early atherosclerotic lesions in primary biliary cirrhosis?\nAnswer: Hypercholesterolaemia is not consistently associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in PBC, but should be treated if other risk factors for cardiovascular disease are also present. The search for factors that may protect patients with hypercholesterolaemic PBC against atherosclerosis should be encouraged.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c483e340def44d1d874b1b4e5cf3c5cd", "input": "Question: Do passive leg movements and passive cycling alter arterial leg blood flow in subjects with spinal cord injury?\nAnswer: The results of the study demonstrate that passive leg movements and passive cycling do not alter the arterial peripheral circulation in subjects with SCI or control subjects. Although the results do not support the use of passive movements or exercise for the prevention of cardiovascular disease-related secondary complications, physical therapists should not be dissuaded from using these techniques to address musculoskeletal concerns.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6dab963d8a1d473298ad688df9992993", "input": "Question: Does traditional risk factor assessment capture the extent of cardiovascular risk in systemic lupus erythematosus?\nAnswer: Impaired endothelial function as shown by decreased SAE, and an adverse profile of novel proatherogenic and prothrombotic vascular disease risk factors were prevalent in clinically quiescent SLE. These findings show the vulnerability of patients with SLE for atherosclerosis, and emphasize that assessments based on traditional risk factors alone may be inadequate.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-528b41b302e6454c8863b527d7c1575e", "input": "Question: Is the MCP-1 -2518 A/G polymorphism a susceptibility factor for chronic pancreatitis?\nAnswer: Although the pro-inflammatory chemokine MCP-1 -2518 G allele is a severity factor for AP, it does not significantly alter susceptibility to CP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe8f22ad29be4f4babbef75c0a7870fd", "input": "Question: Is subcutaneous adipose tissue cytokine production responsible for the restoration of systemic inflammation markers during weight loss?\nAnswer: A low-calorie diet is associated with an improvement in the systemic inflammatory status. This seems to be due to energy restriction rather than to adipose mass loss, since inflammatory levels return to baseline soon after weight stabilisation. Furthermore, a negative energy balance and fat mobilisation are associated with increased subcutaneous cytokine adipose expression.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-09837202511e4b45a68f03f0e79be302", "input": "Question: Are intrinsic racial differences in the risk of cesarean delivery explained by differences in caregivers or hospital site of delivery?\nAnswer: Hospital site of delivery and individual physician practices do not fully explain racial differences in the risk of primary cesarean delivery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a9aedf5eead4f22bd7983201e0edac0", "input": "Question: Do plant stanols restore endothelial function in pre-pubertal children with familial hypercholesterolemia despite reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates that plant stanols reduce LDL-C levels in children with FH without improving endothelial function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d36953e182249339a104c81d20d0f08", "input": "Question: Do diets fail : the success of medical nutrition therapy in patients with diabetes?\nAnswer: The health-care team can provide practical and useful information to patients with diabetes that will improve management of their disease and enhance their well-being.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8745b7e6613c4692b8faa7c6b751f157", "input": "Question: Are bone marrow-derived keratinocytes detected in normal skin and only rarely detected in wounded skin in two different murine models?\nAnswer: These results suggest that BMDCs do not significantly contribute to steady-state epidermal homeostasis and are not required or responsible for providing keratinocyte stem cells and keratinocyte repopulation following skin injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3417251fc8c04c90bde0c1436fbaf186", "input": "Question: Do alberta rodeo athletes develop the chronic whiplash syndrome?\nAnswer: Rodeo athletes appear to be in at least as many motor vehicle collisions as rodeo spectators, and 33% suffered the acute whiplash syndrome. Rodeo athletes appear, however, to be more resistant than spectators to developing prolonged pain and disability.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f093817d1888460196cec543d61b1274", "input": "Question: Does transparent and open discussion of errors increase malpractice risk in trauma patients?\nAnswer: A transparent discussion of errors, complications, and deaths does not appear to lead to an increased risk of lawsuit.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e1ee688f1da411ca36467de88e77a85", "input": "Question: Does patient 's ethnicity influence utilization of effective therapies in rheumatoid arthritis?\nAnswer: In a national sample of patients with RA, most of whom were insured, the length of time from diagnosis of RA to initiation of the first biological agent was not significantly different among Whites, African Americans, and Hispanics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c162a537591543a9ad611026f5714e80", "input": "Question: Is hLA predictive of posttransplant diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: PTDM was not associated statistically with the HLA in this group of transplant recipients, although A3 and DR3 were higher. Patients with the phenotype that is related to diabetes in the normal population did not have a higher incidence of diabetes in this series.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-07483497eec945729e38bd974a4239f7", "input": "Question: Does retinal function in rabbits improve 4-5 months after terminating treatment with vigabatrin?\nAnswer: Four to five months after terminating treatment with vigabatrin the rabbit full-field ERG remains reduced in isolated cone b-wave amplitude indicating that vigabatrin induced retinal dysfunction may be irreversible. However, immunohistology is normal after a period without treatment, implying that the previously described changes in retinal morphology and glial cell activity are reversible, and probably exist only during treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-da6f91dbfed44066ad63a960afe093f2", "input": "Question: Does automated external defibrillator program impair cardiopulmonary resuscitation initiation in the public access defibrillation trial?\nAnswer: In the Public Access Defibrillation Trial, rates of CPR actions for presumed OOH-CA victims were low but similar for CPR and CPR+AED responding volunteer rescuers. Factors associated with volunteer response, CPR action initiation, and AED activation warrant further investigation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ccdbfb223d134132bd2e904dbed1bf07", "input": "Question: Does neurovascular transfer cause skeletal muscle fiber degeneration?\nAnswer: After neurovascular muscle transfer (with ischemia times up to 3 hours), ischemia-induced muscle fiber degeneration and regeneration does not occur. Muscle fiber degeneration is not responsible for the force deficits observed after microneurovascular skeletal muscle transfer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8497dd0664ff40378ab35fa441ccf723", "input": "Question: Are matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -9 promoter polymorphisms associated with an increased risk of uterine leiomyomas in a Japanese population?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that MMP-1 and MMP-9 promoter polymorphisms are unlikely to be associated with an increased risk of uterine leiomyomas in Japanese women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f095298cf3684eeab7a19839c205ffec", "input": "Question: Does topiramate affect the acquisition or expression of ethanol conditioned place preference in DBA/2J or C57BL/6J mice?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that topiramate has no effect on ethanol's rewarding or conditioned rewarding effects as indexed by the place conditioning procedure. Thus, these studies raise the possibility that topiramate's efficacy in the treatment of alcoholism results from its impact on brain areas other than those that mediate ethanol's rewarding or conditioned rewarding effects. One alternative possibility is that topiramate decreases withdrawal-induced negative affective states that normally contribute to relapse.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5d3f8aba2114a9a9dd13f6fc9d7bd7b", "input": "Question: Are objective cancer-related variables associated with depressive symptoms in women treated for early-stage breast cancer?\nAnswer: Depressive symptoms in women treated for early-stage breast cancer are not associated with objective cancer-related factors. Rather, they are most strongly linked with many subjective psychosocial variables.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9295e08092a49e0b0ff905463639ed7", "input": "Question: Do new Zealand health professionals agree about what defines appropriate attendance at an emergency department?\nAnswer: While there are some areas of general agreement, there is no clear consensus between the professionals surveyed regarding the concept of 'appropriateness.' This has implications for any interventions aimed at addressing ED 'overcrowding' that assume the presence of a consensus understanding of this concept.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-935a6eddac6542989f3d990e05985521", "input": "Question: Do lactotripeptides lower ambulatory blood pressure in untreated whites : results from 2 controlled multicenter crossover studies?\nAnswer: The data do not support a BP-lowering effect of LTPs in whites.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e293409fb3d4146b5e6e06f329b9df7", "input": "Question: Is maxillary mucosal cyst a manifestation of rhinosinusitis : results of a prospective three-dimensional CT study of ophthalmic patients?\nAnswer: Maxillary mucosal cysts are prevalent in nonrhinitic patients and do not reflect sinus or dental disease. Their presence should not be an indication for sinus surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab5c8bab7f664d06b6d2289c836a04bd", "input": "Question: Are infections increased in scleroderma compared to non-inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders prior to disease onset?\nAnswer: This study does not support that self-report of symptomatic infections are more likely to occur ever (prior to diagnosis) or within 1-year prior to symptom onset of SSc, or that vaccinations in adulthood trigger SSc.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eca7f472c5ac4b85bb0a5f4da907e968", "input": "Question: Does remote ischemic preconditioning stimulus reduce microvascular resistance or improve myocardial blood flow in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention?\nAnswer: RIPC stimuli during elective PCI do not affect coronary microvascular resistance or coronary flow in humans.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cbbb744b5a00431797b8a661032f154a", "input": "Question: Does neo/adjuvant chemotherapy improve outcome in resected primary synovial sarcoma : a study of the French Sarcoma Group?\nAnswer: As for other high-grade soft-tissue sarcomas, well-planned wide surgical excision with adjuvant radiotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment for SS. Neo-adjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy should not be delivered outside a clinical trial setting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dc0b0274d64a4a329413a8e54ad3dc9d", "input": "Question: Do surgeon 's expectations predict the outcome of a total knee arthroplasty?\nAnswer: The outcome of a TKA depends on multiple factors. Both the surgeon's preoperative assessment of the difficulty and the surgeon's immediate postoperative satisfaction do not independently predict the outcome of a TKA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-44e39fb22f3147c9b4dbd02f4502b24f", "input": "Question: Is vascular endothelial dysfunction in cyclosporine-treated rat aortas associated with serum total homocysteine levels?\nAnswer: These data suggested a possible link between serum tHcy and decreased vascular sensitivity to endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in control aortae, but CsA-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction was not associated with an effect of the drug on homocysteine metabolism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef09d2233df74829971a0e6c25af7921", "input": "Question: Is routine administration of antibiotics to patients suffering accidental gallbladder perforation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy necessary?\nAnswer: Routine application of an antibiotic to patients experiencing accidental perforation of the gallbladder during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is not necessary. In the case of patients with diabetes mellitus, those who are older than 60, or who have an ASA classification of 3 or more, or if the operation itself is likely to last more than 70 minutes, the recommendation is to start antibiotic therapy in the preoperative phase immediately before surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-85da71f6249148f89201add21596c791", "input": "Question: Do referral letters for 2-week wait suspected colorectal cancer allow a 'straight-to-test ' pathway?\nAnswer: A significant number of patients would have had tests changed after a clinical consultation. However, only a small number required further investigations having had a consultation prior to their initial investigations. We conclude that 2-week wait suspected colorectal cancer patients should be seen in the clinic first and should not proceed 'straight-to-test'.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-963cfbdce1484e728948a805d267a4c2", "input": "Question: Does tolerance to isoflurane occur in developing Xenopus laevis tadpoles?\nAnswer: We provide the first description of week-long exposures of vertebrates to surgical anesthetic concentrations of isoflurane, and the first report of such exposures in developing vertebrates. Tolerance to isoflurane does not occur in developing Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Taken together with studies in other organisms, the development of tolerance to ethanol but not isoflurane suggests that mechanisms shared by these drugs probably do not account for the development of tolerance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e01a77abb63c499a95c19de6291f4cd0", "input": "Question: Is hyperhomocysteinemia sufficient to cause preeclampsia in an animal model : the importance of folate intake?\nAnswer: Our study clearly demonstrates that hyperhomocysteinemia is not sufficient to cause PE in this animal model. Furthermore, it confirms the importance of folate intake on pregnancy outcomes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-55cb82ad2a2547d3866a54041c507c8e", "input": "Question: Does obesity decrease the accuracy of testicular examination in anesthetized boys with cryptorchidism?\nAnswer: In our series childhood obesity did not make preoperative testicular examinations under anesthesia less accurate. However, office examinations may be more accurate in nonobese boys.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9966bb5c1c94dfd8d4005e1c59ce51a", "input": "Question: Does the polycystic ovary syndrome predict further miscarriage in Japanese couples experiencing recurrent miscarriages?\nAnswer: A routine test for diagnosis of PCOS is not necessary in patients experiencing recurrent miscarriages because none of the related parameters examined in this study predicted subsequent miscarriage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-428656518a534d06bdf54d7b5f5835af", "input": "Question: Is the chromosome 7q region association with rheumatoid arthritis in females in a British population replicated in a North American case-control series?\nAnswer: While 2 SNPs on chromosome 7q appeared to be associated with RA in a North American cohort, the significance of this finding did not withstand correction for population substructure. Our results emphasize the need to carefully account for population structure to avoid false-positive disease associations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-43ebdca3ccd042d395453e36fb93a816", "input": "Question: Does protein supplementation before and after exercise further augment skeletal muscle hypertrophy after resistance training in elderly men?\nAnswer: Timed protein supplementation immediately before and after exercise does not further augment the increase in skeletal muscle mass and strength after prolonged resistance-type exercise training in healthy elderly men who habitually consume adequate amounts of dietary protein. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00744094.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d383ca07c90e42caa0bfe7b30f6cd97f", "input": "Question: Does socioeconomic deprivation influence the severity of Crohn 's disease : Results of a prospective multicenter study?\nAnswer: In this study deprivation does not seem to influence the severity of CD. This can be explained by easy access to healthcare in France.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-866bcfb925a04d85942351c866ba070c", "input": "Question: Is calnexin essential for mammalian rod opsin biogenesis?\nAnswer: Our data show that, unlike Drosophila Rh1, mammalian rod opsin biogenesis does not appear to have an absolute requirement for Cnx. Other chaperones are likely to be more important for mammalian rod opsin biogenesis and quality control.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-28b1b87b0a0b45aa95b07d7c826c22da", "input": "Question: Do [ Diagnostic and treatment delays modify the treatment outcome of patients with multiform glioblastoma ]?\nAnswer: In our series neither waiting times nor adjuvant immediate chemotherapy were prognosticator of local control and overall survival outcome of patients with glioblastoma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-06754ca298ad4224a9344ef9307b764d", "input": "Question: Is haptoglobin phenotype a predictor of recurrence free survival in high-risk primary breast cancer patients?\nAnswer: In contrast to our initial results, the haptoglobin phenotype was not identified as a predictor of recurrence free survival in high-risk primary breast cancer in our validation set. Our initial observation in the discovery set was probably the result of a type I error (i.e. false positive). This study illustrates the importance of validation in obtaining the true clinical applicability of a potential biomarker.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f14faec03d8d4e2ab74ad3c9504dc062", "input": "Question: Do traditional clinical risk assessment tools accurately predict coronary atherosclerotic plaque burden : a CT angiography study?\nAnswer: Coronary risk stratification using a risk factor only-based scheme is a weak discriminator of the overall atherosclerotic plaque burden in individual patients. Patients with little or no plaque might be subjected to lifelong drug therapy, whereas many others with substantial plaque might be undertreated or not treated at all.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e76d86fd0d504336a6d13186f49b6fe6", "input": "Question: Are folliculin mutations associated with severe COPD?\nAnswer: Genetic variation in folliculin does not appear to be a major risk factor for severe COPD. These data suggest that familial spontaneous pneumothorax and COPD have distinct genetic causes, despite some overlap in radiographic characteristics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8366bf0b32eb489aa0f461d343223cf5", "input": "Question: Is gastric surgery a risk factor for the development or progression of Barrett 's epithelium?\nAnswer: This lack of association between gastric surgery and Barrett's epithelium suggests that pancreatic-biliary reflux with limited acid is not sufficient for the genesis of Barrett's epithelium.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3bf64b107184edeb7b23706ee651630", "input": "Question: Does chronic periglandular inflammation on prostate needle biopsy increase the likelihood of cancer on subsequent biopsy?\nAnswer: Although inflammation on initial and subsequent biopsy does not predict prostate cancer in this cohort, we cannot dismiss its role in prostate cancer pathogenesis. Additional research is necessary to explore the relationship between prostate inflammation and prostate cancer development.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-67a20d5f29bc4d33a81a7c499368d0f5", "input": "Question: Are overweight and obesity in old age associated with greater dementia risk?\nAnswer: Older persons with higher BMI scores have less dementia risk than their counterparts with lower BMI scores. High BMI scores in late life should not necessarily be considered to be a risk factor for dementia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b5b23df0615a48d28d8f5154cb610ff3", "input": "Question: Does successful AV fistula creation lead to higher catheter use : the experience by the Northwest Renal Network 16 Vascular Access Quality Improvement Program . Four years follow-up?\nAnswer: The success of Network 16's AVF interventions demonstrates the effectiveness of Network education promoting multidisciplinary teamwork, and innovative strategies to increase dramatically AVF use without substantial increase in catheter use.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1db2d5fca94b4eca84c80292c5c3017d", "input": "Question: Is wound healing impaired in rats undergoing perioperative treatment with the antineoplastic agent taurolidine?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that wound healing does not seem to be impaired by TRD in rats.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e71c13aa57c4675ac88123694436348", "input": "Question: Are lower levels of in-stent late loss associated with the risk of stent thrombosis in patients receiving drug-eluting stents?\nAnswer: The risk of ST and LST after DES implantation is not related with ISLL values. A very low mean value of ISLL is nor associated with a higher risk of ST.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-12bcfb798dfa463cb91d8e2c367fc027", "input": "Question: Does response evaluation by endoscopy , rebiopsy , and endoscopic ultrasound accurately predict histopathologic regression after neoadjuvant chemoradiation for esophageal cancer?\nAnswer: Histomorphologic regression is an objective response parameter of significant prognostic importance. The diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy, rebiopsy, and EUS is inadequate for objective response evaluation after neoadjuvant chemoradiation and can be omitted for this purpose in the clinical practice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7cb815af88d24c28b6979f79e0d54d97", "input": "Question: Do early changes in tumor size in patients treated for advanced stage nonsmall cell lung cancer correlate with survival?\nAnswer: There is no evidence of a relation between early changes in tumor size and survival among patients with advanced stage NSCLC. To predict survival in patients with advanced NSCLC, response criteria other than change in lesion size are needed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-24f64cb6655a4aa191cee26bac73ed2d", "input": "Question: Does prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis longer than 24 hours decrease surgical site infection after elective gastric and colorectal surgery?\nAnswer: From our findings, SSI rate did not decrease with longer duration of antimicrobial prophylaxis. We concluded that we must recognize that the cause of postoperative wound infection is multimodal, and should not rely on antibiotics to prevent postoperative SSI but that surgeons should reduce the risk for postoperative SSI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b8ae1b6403545119dfdec40a2aa15e9", "input": "Question: Does methylprednisolone restore biological response in multiple sclerosis patients with neutralizing antibodies against interferon-\u03b2?\nAnswer: Monthly pulsed MP treatment in NAb positive patients has no beneficial effect on NAb status or IFN-beta bioactivity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-138064985a8d41d0bec04a3d064cbce7", "input": "Question: Are pLAC4 and beta-HCG mRNA levels altered in the maternal circulation of pregnancies with trisomy 21?\nAnswer: Maternal blood levels of beta-HCG-, PLAC4- and PAPP-A mRNAs are not useful markers for the screening of pregnancies with trisomy 21 as their concentrations are either not significantly altered (beta-HCG and PLAC4) or too low to be detected (PAPP-A).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3fe2fa3f21e8476b84cd5fbd99588f7d", "input": "Question: Is gastric emptying affected by sleeve gastrectomy -- scintigraphic evaluation of gastric emptying after sleeve gastrectomy without removal of the gastric antrum?\nAnswer: LSG with antrum preservation as performed in this series has no effect on gastric emptying.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-13c1021815a141cc877544810bb12f1b", "input": "Question: Do known risk factors explain disparities in gallstone prevalence between Denmark and northeast Germany?\nAnswer: German individuals had a higher prevalence of gallstones than Danes. This difference was partly explained by a higher BMI, unfavorable lipid levels, higher prevalence of diabetes, and a more frequent use of OR and MHT in German subjects. Further research is needed to evaluate the impact of unmeasured predictors, including genetic components, on the population-related risk of gallstones.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-df79c97370464beb97fac4535d52771c", "input": "Question: Do providers verify patient identity during computer order entry?\nAnswer: Medical providers often miss ID errors and infrequently verify patient ID with two identifiers during CPOE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c1645fe96b94e7883aa8aa1574a9e0d", "input": "Question: Do plasma plant sterol levels reflect cholesterol absorption in children with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome?\nAnswer: Although the ratios of plant sterols to cholesterol in plasma has been used as a surrogate for cholesterol absorption in adults and children, these ratios may not accurately reflect cholesterol absorption in children with SLOS. These ratios should not be used as a surrogate for cholesterol absorption in children without further validation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e131d05010f4f46ba98ce4d25996b66", "input": "Question: Does furosemide improve renal recovery after hemofiltration for acute renal failure in critically ill patients : a double blind randomized controlled trial?\nAnswer: Furosemide by continuous infusion in the recovery phase of hemofiltration-dependent acute kidney failure did increase urinary volume and sodium excretion but did not lead to a shorter duration of renal failure or more frequent renal recovery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-22a50ab280e74581b80de2603dec3d34", "input": "Question: Does c-reactive protein testing decrease antibiotic use for acute cough illness when compared to a clinical algorithm?\nAnswer: Point-of-care CRP testing does not seem to provide any additional value beyond a point-of-care clinical decision support for reducing antibiotic use in adults with acute cough illness.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-df95404d0f494d598ff125818dadbfe7", "input": "Question: Is lipid peroxidation the primary mechanism of bilirubin-induced neurologic dysfunction in jaundiced Gunn rat pups?\nAnswer: These findings show that lipid peroxidation inhibition alone is not sufficient to prevent BIND. We speculate that the neuroprotective efficacy of MNC against BIND involves action(s) independent of, or in addition to, its antioxidant effects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-56ab78e3aa44481989cb7da355c89837", "input": "Question: Does two-stage hepatectomy with effective perioperative chemotherapy induce tumor growth or growth factor expression in liver metastases from colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: Two-stage hepatectomy did not seem to induce tumor growth activity or growth factor expression. The 2-stage strategy in combination with effective preoperative chemotherapy is a valuable strategy for colorectal metastases.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c5b57b207774722a9c79af472e05457", "input": "Question: Does participation of surgical residents adversely affect the outcome of inguinal hernia repair in an integrated teaching program?\nAnswer: The Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repair can be safely performed by residents and junior faculty with the appropriate supervision of senior faculty without any disadvantage to patients. This integrated teaching program for Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repair is effective and feasible for training residents and junior faculty.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c98af33759ff47fdae406348b83d3f81", "input": "Question: Does a common variant in the precursor miR-146a sequence predispose to cholangiocarcinoma in a large European cohort?\nAnswer: Our data do not support a prominent contribution of the pre-miR-146a sequence variant in the genetic predisposition to CCA. However, current studies functionally characterizing rs2910164 have proposed that distinct repertoires of target genes are addressed by genotype-specific mature miR-146a species. Given the detected trend towards a potentially protective role of GC heterozygosity, a subtle modulation of genetic CCA risk by the pre-miR-146a GC genotype may exist and should be evaluated further.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-539470ab613c47969e824a6ea24b3be0", "input": "Question: Is monosodium glutamate associated with overweight in Vietnamese adults?\nAnswer: The study demonstrated that overweight was not associated with MSG intake in Vietnamese adults. Further longitudinal studies should be done in different populations to determine the relationship between MSG and overweight.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eef4ce3b8f894974b39774d018287f52", "input": "Question: Does transvaginal Prolift ( \u00ae ) mesh surgery due to advanced pelvic organ prolapse impair female sexual function : a prospective study?\nAnswer: Surgical treatment of advanced POP with the Prolift(\u00ae) system does not negatively influence sexual function, but patients should not expect a significant improvement after this type of operation. Additionally performed surgical restoration of perineal body does not reduce sexual function, either.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-015fa9edc40d4f9883485750afddab9c", "input": "Question: Does leptin-mediated reactive oxygen species production significantly affect primary mouse hepatocyte functions in vitro?\nAnswer: Leptin induced higher ROS levels in primary hepatocytes than in LSECs and HSCs, depending on NADPH oxidase, MEK1 and JAK2 signalling but not on the long leptin receptor isoform. Furthermore, leptin exposure did not influence primary hepatocyte functionality negatively.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b88235dd148146d7bc886a3e2e6c1ad6", "input": "Question: Is macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene polymorphism associated with pemphigus vulgaris in Iranian patients?\nAnswer: The result of this study using a large and well documented trial of patients showed that macrophage migration inhibitory factor -173G-C polymorphism is not associated with pemphigus vulgaris; but as the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the inflammatory process has not been delineated in detail and the prevalence of C/C genotype is notably higher in our nation, this finding merits more consideration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5b2a06cc4edb4e6c9a560fb00f387432", "input": "Question: Does oritavancin induce Clostridium difficile germination and toxin production in hamsters or a human gut model?\nAnswer: Oritavancin exposure, unlike exposure to vancomycin or clindamycin, did not lead to CDI in hamsters. In both models, oritavancin reduced C. difficile total counts and spores to below detectable limits. The data indicate the potential of oritavancin for CDI treatment, since exposure did not induce C. difficile germination and toxin production, which are known to exacerbate the disease state.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f9dd82c4e3df4eeab3a5cebcb78deefe", "input": "Question: Does laparoscopic appendectomy for complicated acute appendicitis result in increased surgical complications?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated no increase in surgical complications after LA in patients with complicated acute appendicitis when compared with those who had uncomplicated disease. Therefore, LA may be considered the first-choice treatment option for both uncomplicated and complicated acute appendicitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6797be5c7dcb4624b708a215c2b8db04", "input": "Question: Does red blood cell endothelial nitric oxide synthase modulate red blood cell storage hemolysis?\nAnswer: These studies suggest that RBC eNOS does not modulate susceptibility to hemolysis in response to selected stress conditions or prolonged hypothermic storage. Other strategies to increase nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity after prolonged storage utilizing NOS-independent pathways such as the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway may prove a more promising approach.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b0cb23dce7b043d9b82293c1cc69352a", "input": "Question: Does preinjury beta blocker usage affect the heart rate response to initial trauma resuscitation?\nAnswer: Preinjury beta blockade is associated with a slower presenting heart rate, more bradycardia, less tachycardia, but no difference in mortality or ability to achieve a normal heart rate with resuscitation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a75ed7dfcaeb402fb6e19dd5a9d7c9cb", "input": "Question: Does sequence variation confound the measurement of plasma PfHRP2 concentration in African children presenting with severe malaria?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that sequence polymorphism is not a significant cause of variation in PFHRP2 concentration in plasma samples from African children. This justifies the further development of plasma PFHRP2 concentration as a method for assessing African children who may have severe falciparum malaria. The data also add to the existing evidence base supporting the use of rapid diagnostic tests based on PFHRP2 detection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b33b71ed950543d5963af0678a3244ac", "input": "Question: Does aromatase gene polymorphism influence clinical phenotype and response to oral contraceptive pills in polycystic ovary syndrome women?\nAnswer: The differences between c-PCOS and ov-PCOS cannot be explained by the genetic variation at SNP50 in the CYP19 gene.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb65a3d4c5214e02a3baeaf7e856a1d4", "input": "Question: Does health-related quality of life differ between short-term , long-term and very long-term cancer survivors in the Swedish general population?\nAnswer: Although HRQL was similar between short-term, long-term and very long-term survivors, when compared with the background population, findings suggest that some functional impairments and symptoms are present even at 5-10 YSD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e12696fc9d1448618cdf6f312e845b84", "input": "Question: Does uV-C-irradiation sublethal stress alter antibiotic susceptibility of the viridans group streptococci to \u03b2-lactam , macrolide , and fluoroquinolone antibiotic agents?\nAnswer: Exposure to UV-C light will not result in altered antibiotic susceptibility patterns on viridans group streptococci. Given that UV-C is more toxic and mutagenic than UV-A light, it is unlikely than UV-A light would yield any difference in response to such exposure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-257f4f7313d444af9299138807dd76e5", "input": "Question: Does a replication study of a GWAS finding in migraine identify association in a Spanish case-control sample?\nAnswer: No association was found between the assayed SNP and any of the clinical groups considered.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7229255998744c9e817b889df33ab81d", "input": "Question: Do epidural analgesia and laparoscopic technique reduce incidence of prolonged ileus in elective colon resections?\nAnswer: The incidence of prolonged ileus was similar in the 3 groups studied. However, the epidural and laparoscopic groups experienced earlier return of bowel function and toleration of diet than the nonepidural group.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-47e4192bd374404a8d55d88795cd5c9b", "input": "Question: Is routine barium enema prior to closure of defunctioning ileostomy necessary?\nAnswer: Routine barium enema evaluation of low pelvic anastomoses before loop ileostomy closure did not provide any additional information for postoperative colorectal anastomotic complication.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bc1ae667c8c348b0b92442d81ce378f5", "input": "Question: Do haplotypes of susceptibility to chronic periodontitis in the Interleukin 8 gene influence protein level in the gingival crevicular fluid?\nAnswer: The IL8 haplotype of susceptibility to CP was neither associated with IL-8 cytokine levels nor with clinical periodontal parameters. Also, CP, IL8 haplotype and IL-8 concentration showed a positive association with the GCF volume levels in the studied patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c0cd587f5eb2471ab70b7776390947c8", "input": "Question: Does history of weight cycling impede future weight loss or metabolic improvements in postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: A history of weight cycling does not impede successful participation in lifestyle interventions or alter the benefits of diet and/or exercise on body composition and metabolic outcomes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b29e15ba4ad470389e52facadbbba40", "input": "Question: Does ventilation with `` clinically relevant '' high tidal volumes promote stretch-induced injury in the lungs of healthy mice?\nAnswer: Tidal volumes up to 20 mL/kg are unlikely to induce substantial lung overstretch in models using healthy, young mice. Signs of injury/inflammation using such models are likely to result from other factors, particularly alveolar derecruitment and atelectasis. The results of such studies may need to be reevaluated before clinical relevance can be accurately determined.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-46fbfa0889a84d3780195a3487c1f6e3", "input": "Question: Do dynamic splints reduce contracture following distal radial fracture : a randomised controlled trial?\nAnswer: It is unclear whether dynamic splints following distal radial fracture have therapeutic effects on passive wrist extension or PRHWE, but they clearly do not have any therapeutic effects on active wrist extension, flexion, radial or ulnar deviation, or on the performance or satisfaction items of the COPM. The ongoing use of dynamic splints following distal radial fracture is difficult to justify.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-437b9303cf2a44dfb775f1e335b4cfe1", "input": "Question: Does a 12-week exercise program performed during the second trimester prevent gestational diabetes in healthy pregnant women?\nAnswer: A 12-week exercise program undertaken during the second trimester of pregnancy did not reduce the prevalence of gestational diabetes in pregnant women with BMI in the normal range.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-56f0a88f1dcb4abb9af5dfe379850981", "input": "Question: Are sex hormone-binding globulin levels causally related to venous thrombosis risk in women not using hormonal contraceptives?\nAnswer: Increased SHBG levels are not causally related to the risk of venous thrombosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0078ba603d1343638c84eea43a714841", "input": "Question: Are monitor units predictive of neutron dose for high-energy IMRT?\nAnswer: The predicted increase of second cancer induction rates from intensity-modulated treatment techniques can be overestimated when the neutron dose is simply scaled with monitor units.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8eeb8c993cfa4c3e8462fc2d0e9b6e3a", "input": "Question: Do fat mass and obesity-associated gene polymorphisms affect metabolic response to hormone therapy in healthy postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: The presence of fat mass and obesity-associated gene risk variants in healthy early postmenopausal women does not adversely affect their response to hormone therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4671defeea0449e3bd92a6544751d23e", "input": "Question: Does exenatide at therapeutic and supratherapeutic concentrations prolong the QTc interval in healthy subjects?\nAnswer: These results demonstrated that exenatide, at supratherapeutic concentrations, does not prolong QTc and provide an example of methodology for QT assessment of drugs with an inherent heart rate effect.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b271417d9e4c4902b7dec5f73cacae73", "input": "Question: Does a perioperative infusion of sodium bicarbonate improve renal function in cardiac surgery patients : a prospective observational cohort study?\nAnswer: Routine perioperative administration of sodium bicarbonate failed to improve postoperative renal function in a large population of cardiac surgical patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bcb758077b6140bbb5aaf49755b3d6fb", "input": "Question: Do clinical outcomes of neonatal onset proximal versus distal urea cycle disorders differ?\nAnswer: Neurocognitive outcomes do not differ between patients with proximal UCDs and those with distal UCDs. Factors other than hyperammonemia may contribute to poor neurocognitive outcome in the distal UCDs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-549e65e0b3fb4cba8d5453fa57c3b511", "input": "Question: Does a single supratherapeutic dose of ridaforolimus prolong the QTc interval in patients with advanced cancer?\nAnswer: Administration of the single 100-mg dose of ridaforolimus did not cause a clinically meaningful prolongation of QTcF, suggesting that patients treated with ridaforolimus have a low likelihood of delayed ventricular repolarization.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8c6687462ff43b9aee8d2f1188f86a5", "input": "Question: Does pravastatin prevent antiphospholipid antibody-mediated changes in human first trimester trophoblast function?\nAnswer: Pravastatin does not prevent the effects of aPL on human first trimester trophoblast cell function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b675c5087174e049db78762af751568", "input": "Question: Does gluten-free diet appear to induce endoscopic remission of eosinophilic esophagitis in children with coexistent celiac disease?\nAnswer: The prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis in patients with celiac disease was 4.4%, confirming a higher than expected prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis compared with the general population. In patients with celiac disease, a gluten-free diet did not appear to induce remission of coexistent endoscopic and histological features of eosinophilic esophagitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-43b21007cb67477491a0b42386e66927", "input": "Question: Is expression of SOCS3 throughout liver regeneration regulated by DNA methylation?\nAnswer: DNA methylation or demethylation seems to be a relatively stable modification of cytosine, but not a dynamic and reversible process to regulate gene transcription in daily and acute pathophysiological events.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bcf5a1a7716e498086d05f2f582dd42e", "input": "Question: Does preoperative chemotherapy for lung cancer increase surgical morbidity?\nAnswer: C+S did not significantly affect morbidity or mortality overall, based on clinical stage, postoperative stage, or extent of resection. The potential for enhanced survival in resectable NSCLC justifies continued study of C+S.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d9c2334a54343c596d61372d3dcfd42", "input": "Question: Is the high prevalence of autoantibodies to tissue transglutaminase in first-degree relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes associated with islet autoimmunity?\nAnswer: We found a high prevalence of celiac autoimmunity in patients and first-degree relatives of children with type 1 diabetes, but we found limited overlap between islet and celiac autoimmunity in nondiabetic relatives. The high prevalence of celiac autoimmunity may be explained by shared genetic susceptibility and identifies a population within which screening for the disease may be justified.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6a5d89e3e49c4a989714b7a3cf0a30d8", "input": "Question: Does dopexamine hydrochloride modify hemodynamic response or tissue oxygenation or gut permeability during abdominal aortic surgery?\nAnswer: Dopexamine infusion (0.5 -2 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1)) did not enhance hemodynamic function and tissue oxygenation values during elective infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-49283f8250004bb7807971ac6e29acfb", "input": "Question: Does paclitaxel-carboplatin chemotherapy cause encephalopathy in patients with ovarian cancer : a prospective EEG mapping study in 28 patients?\nAnswer: The results of this study suggest that chemotherapy consisting of paclitaxel and carboplatin does not cause adverse effects on the central nervous system. Improved vigilance was measured in patients with ovarian cancer after chemotherapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-05fa4b233f9b4d92999402a8e92250fa", "input": "Question: Does vitamin B ( 6 ) therapy improve hematocrit in hemodialysis patients supplemented with iron and erythropoietin?\nAnswer: The results indicate that in hemodialysis patients with normal pyridoxine status who, despite appropriate supplementation of iron and EPO, fail to reach optimal hematocrit levels, additional pyridoxine treatment does not produce any hematocrit elevation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a1f21cf742f4e3ab721efaf3ad1ab15", "input": "Question: Is transforming growth factor-alpha ( TGF-alpha ) needed for malignant transformation in experimental colitis?\nAnswer: The markedly increased severity of mucosal injury in chronic induced DSS colitis in TGF-alpha deficient wa-1 mice compared to Balb/c mice further substantiates that endogenous TGF-alpha is a pivotal mediator of protection and/or healing mechanisms in the colon. The appearance of dysplastic and cancerous lesions in TGF-alpha deficient animals suggests that TGF-alpha per se is not essential for malignant mucosal cell transformation in colitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-128fdf17b9c0468c9293c445e5acdfc5", "input": "Question: Does piracetam therapy enhance cognitive functioning in children with down syndrome?\nAnswer: Piracetam therapy did not enhance cognition or behavior but was associated with adverse effects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d8d31a02d22f472b9d09bb81dc2d173e", "input": "Question: Does ropivacaine 1 mg x ml ( -1 ) decrease the need for epidural fentanyl after hip replacement surgery?\nAnswer: Addition of ropivacaine 1 mg x ml(-1) to epidural fentanyl 10 microg x ml(-1) did not significantly decrease the requirement for fentanyl administered for pain relief after hip replacement surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-373c7eda2aea443abbc6fc76cbb3c2cd", "input": "Question: Is subendometrial contractility predictive for in vitro fertilization ( IVF ) outcome?\nAnswer: Subendometrial contractility plays no important role in implantation on the day of embryo transfer or 4 days later.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-230f34043198478eac7159b72b0e7ba3", "input": "Question: Does patient volume per surgeon predict survival in adult level I trauma centers?\nAnswer: The significant independent predictors of survival in severely injured trauma patients are Ps, GCS score, age, mechanism of injury, and institutional volume. We found no statistically meaningful contribution to the prediction of survival on the basis of per-surgeon patient volume. Since this volume criterion for surgeon enpanelment and trauma center designation would not be expected to improve outcome, such a requirement should be justified by other measures or abandoned.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c38befaffd304030910366584e3127d8", "input": "Question: Do the presence and extent of endometriosis effect clinical pregnancy and implantation rates in patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection?\nAnswer: The presence and extent of endometriosis do not affect implantation and clinical pregnancy rates in patients undergoing ICSI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-992f5118e46943a69960c2816f4024c8", "input": "Question: Does bladder opacification significantly influence dose distribution in conformal radiotherapy of prostate cancer?\nAnswer: Bladder opacification used during simulation does not significantly influence prostate or rectal dose distributions in prostate patients treated with 3D-CRT, 18 MV X-rays, and a six-beam arrangement.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5c1940b7ed24caa89eb6a742f0a9d5d", "input": "Question: Is histocompatibility leukocyte antigen-G expressed by endometriosis or endometrial tissue?\nAnswer: Immune cell inhibition in endometriosis must be mediated by factors other than HLA-G.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb6e758a237d43b9b5f6f39db86af00e", "input": "Question: Does fentanyl improve the nerve block characteristics of axillary brachial plexus anaesthesia performed with ropivacaine?\nAnswer: The addition of fentanyl 1 microg. ml-1 to ropivacaine 7.5 mg. ml-1 does not improve the nerve block characteristics of axillary brachial plexus anaesthesia for orthopaedic procedures involving the hand.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-657b19243ac0415193abd5f868bd997d", "input": "Question: Does blood pressure rise before the onset of microalbuminuria in children followed from diagnosis of type 1 diabetes . Oxford Regional Prospective Study Group?\nAnswer: A rise in systemic BP cannot be detected before the first appearance of MA in children with type 1 diabetes. BP rises concurrently with the onset of MA and is also closely related to BMI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e3ca98387f747fda35c95331785ef62", "input": "Question: Is phospholipase C activity of Helicobacter pylori associated with the presence of the cagA gene?\nAnswer: Although PLC activity was present in all strains tested, it may only have pathological importance in patients with GU. However, the extent of PLC activity was independent of the presence of the cagA gene.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d7fddc6fcaf540bf8a0003ad8caea8ad", "input": "Question: Is stance control affected by paresis and reflex hyperexcitability : the case of spastic patients?\nAnswer: It is proposed that body posture, paresis, or monosynaptic reflex hyperexcitability do not affect the control of equilibrium during quiet upright stance. In hemiparetic patients, the decreased amplitude of MLRs might be the main cause of the large postural instability. The results are congruent with the hypothesis of a role for group II afferent input in the reflex control of equilibrium.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-23caeeccbae548a3956ddc64e02688da", "input": "Question: Does food influence the pharmacokinetics of a new extended release formulation of tolterodine for once daily treatment of patients with overactive bladder?\nAnswer: The new ER formulation of tolterodine shows no pharmacokinetic interaction with food. On the basis of these results, patients with overactive bladder may, therefore, be advised to take the drug without regard to the timing of meals, maximising convenience during therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3184dbd977de4c0cbca09404d7236e62", "input": "Question: Are haemodynamic changes and vasopressin release consistently associated with carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum in humans?\nAnswer: Continuous adequate depth of anaesthesia and normovolaemia may have prevented both a humoral and a haemodynamic response, initiated in the peritoneum by the contact with CO2 in previous investigations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3dcb1ba784b24322ac6af50e058fa541", "input": "Question: Does survey disability questionnaire generate valid accurate data compared to clinical assessment on an older population?\nAnswer: A survey questionnaire is not a valid method for accurately estimating disability in a population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a42b98b042742dfa015ae291b10178a", "input": "Question: Does deletion of the G6pc2 gene encoding the islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein affect the progression or incidence of type 1 diabetes in NOD/ShiLtJ mice?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate that G6pc2 is an important driver for the selection and expansion of islet-reactive CD8(+) T cells infiltrating NOD/ShiLtJ islets. However, autoreactivity to G6pc2 is not essential for the emergence of autoimmune diabetes. The results remain consistent with previous studies indicating that insulin may be the primary autoimmune target, at least in NOD/ShiLtJ mice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4b79e2367584719852f54df6d868f98", "input": "Question: Does acute inhalation of hypertonic saline improve mucociliary clearance in all children with cystic fibrosis?\nAnswer: These data suggest that percent MCC varies significantly between children with CF lung disease and normal pulmonary functions, with some children demonstrating MCC values within the normal range and others showing MCC values that are below normal values. In addition, although MCC did not improve in all children after inhalation of HS, improvement did occur in children with relatively low MCC values after placebo. This finding suggests that acute inhalation of hypertonic saline may benefit a subset of children with low MCC values.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ef88115a18448468e31bcdbbafd9e51", "input": "Question: Does a unique protein profile of peripheral neutrophils from COPD patients reflect cytokine-induced protein profiles of neutrophils in vitro?\nAnswer: These results show that neutrophils from COPD patients have a unique protein profile compared to neutrophils from healthy age-matched controls. Furthermore, the neutrophil profiles of COPD patients do not reflect putative dominant signals induced by TNF\u03b1, GM-CSF or their combination. Our results indicate that systemic neutrophil responses in COPD patients are caused by a unique but subtle interplay between multiple inflammatory signals.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f05d3b1dc4c407cb8996f13b0e51fa6", "input": "Question: Does topical aqueous suppression significantly affect duration of intraocular gas tamponade after vitrectomy?\nAnswer: Topical aqueous suppression with dorzolamide-timolol does not have a large effect on duration of SF6 gas tamponade after pars plana vitrectomy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0325d779a8c743ee871554bf5697002f", "input": "Question: Is genetic variation in the tau protein phosphatase-2A pathway associated with Alzheimer 's disease risk?\nAnswer: Our negative findings in the Spanish population argue against the hypothesis that genetic variation in the tau protein phosphatase-2A (PP2A) pathway is causally related to AD risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0129c07f2554477899bc0240a0988e36", "input": "Question: Is young age under 60 years a contraindication to treatment with definitive dose escalated radiotherapy for prostate cancer?\nAnswer: This is the largest, most mature study of younger men treated with RT for prostate cancer that confirms young age is not prognostic for BF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed54cf9a92694684934d7ffc8faffee6", "input": "Question: Does venous thromboembolism share strong familial susceptibility with ischemic stroke : a nationwide family study in Sweden?\nAnswer: VTE does not share strong familial susceptibility with ischemic stroke in the Swedish population. Moreover, familial nongenetic factors contribute to the observed weak familial associations. The present study suggests that it is unlikely that strong shared disease-causing mutations exist to a large extent in the Swedish population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-606f01e2ba7042b3ac7d04351f992d87", "input": "Question: Is a polymorphism in the retinol binding protein 4 gene associated with gestational diabetes mellitus in several different ethnic groups?\nAnswer: Interestingly, the rs3758539 retinol binding protein 4 single nucleotide polymorphism was not found to be associated with gestational diabetes. The absence of association suggests that gestational and type 2 diabetes may have more divergent molecular pathophysiology than previously suspected.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef1215c42df944a6868df9572e489afc", "input": "Question: Is atrial fibrillation hospitalization increased with short-term elevations in exposure to fine particulate air pollution?\nAnswer: Unlike previously observed associations with ischemic heart disease events and heart failure hospitalizations using similar study design and approaches, this study found that hospitalization for AF was not significantly associated with elevations in short-term exposure to fine PM air pollution.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-da5bc260f7a44eda9f860d3815999e27", "input": "Question: Is mycophenolic acid-related diarrhea associated with polymorphisms in SLCO1B nor with ABCB1 in renal transplant recipients?\nAnswer: Genotyping for ABCB1 or SLCO1B pretransplantation is unlikely to be of clinical value for individualization of MPA therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-86d08df336cf47889264e529a50f624f", "input": "Question: Is elevation of tissue \u03b1-tocopherol levels by conjugated linoleic acid in C57BL/6J mice associated with changes in vitamin E absorption or \u03b1-carboxyethyl hydroxychroman production?\nAnswer: The increase in vitamin E status in CLA-fed mice is not due to altered absorption and metabolism of vitamin E but might be related to the induction of \u03b1-tocopherol transfer protein expression in the liver. The regulation of the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase by CLA is not mediated by vitamin E accumulation in the liver.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dccd11a820e3471a820d6d18d2057a17", "input": "Question: Is slow receptor dissociation a key factor in the duration of action of inhaled long-acting \u03b22-adrenoceptor agonists?\nAnswer: Although the \u03b2(2) -adrenoceptor agonists displayed a range of kinetic rate parameters, simulations at relevant drug concentrations suggest that receptor kinetics do not play an important role in determining onset of action in the clinic. In addition, it is unlikely that receptor kinetics exert an important influence on the duration of action of these agonists, as indacaterol (once daily dosing) had a shorter residency time at the receptor than salmeterol (twice daily dosing).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ba5bd25b61be442591566e5a8f22ce13", "input": "Question: Are abnormalities in cardiac structure and function in adults with sickle cell disease associated with pulmonary hypertension?\nAnswer: Ambulatory adults with SCD exhibited structural (i.e., LV and RV chamber enlargement) and functional (i.e., higher surrogate measures of LV and RV filling pressure) abnormalities compared with the control group. In subjects with SCD, few abnormalities of LV and RV structure and function were associated with TRJ velocity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-41b157583bba4c22ae71a148b6ec1787", "input": "Question: Are human polyomaviruses 6 and 7 detectable in Merkel cell polyomavirus-negative Merkel cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: While MCPyV, HPyV6, and HPyV7 are part of normal skin flora and show a high degree of sequence similarity, there is no evidence of an association between HPyV6 and HPyV7 and MCC in this case series. This result argues against a role for HPyV6 and HPyV7 in the pathogenesis of MCPyV-negative MCC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d45e128bc50e411ea904c1a701e9b9e1", "input": "Question: Does potential prognostic marker ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1 predict patient survival in non-small cell lung carcinoma?\nAnswer: Although UCH-L1 appears to be involved in carcinogenic processes in NSCLC cell lines, the absence of correlation with patient survival indicates that caution is required in the use of UCH-L1 as a potential prognostic marker for advanced stage and metastasis in lung carcinoma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-19ce35e9abf34b62b1d50f7b778e5cfd", "input": "Question: Does lack of Jun-N-terminal kinase 3 ( JNK3 ) protect against neurodegeneration induced by 3-nitropropionic acid?\nAnswer: Although JNK3 is a key protein involved in cell death in different neurodegenerative diseases, the present study demonstrates that the lack of JNK3 does not confer neuroprotection against 3-NP-induced neuronal death.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c6d7f8c6787f453cb0bb8881e5c4310e", "input": "Question: Is prooxidant-anti-oxidant balance associated with extent of coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: In conclusion, we found higher levels of oxidative stress in CAD+ patients compared to healthy subjects. The oxidation level was not related to measures of the extent of CAD such as number of stenosed vessels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f8fd5a56e6f47e8aa5954abe5cab82d", "input": "Question: Does closed suction drainage with or without re-transfusion of filtered shed blood offer advantages in primary non-cemented total hip replacement using a direct anterior approach?\nAnswer: The possibility to re-transfuse drained blood was not an argument for using drains and, accepting more thigh swelling, we stop to use drains in simple non-cemented primary THR using the direct anterior approach.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fdadb68e43e041c8bdc97f37f7df390d", "input": "Question: Does pre-induction low dose pethidine decrease incidence of postoperative shivering in laparoscopic gynecological surgeries?\nAnswer: Prophylactic pre-induction, low-dose pethidine does not have major role in preventing postoperative shivering.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b75780586d6d40fd93b8e6cba29ec590", "input": "Question: Does metabolic syndrome detect metabolic risk in African men living in the U.S?\nAnswer: African immigrants have a worse metabolic profile than African Americans but a similar prevalence of MetSyn. Therefore, MetSyn may underpredict metabolic risk in Africans.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f948bca9d36a4f1098f6378cc6b6fcd5", "input": "Question: Does small prosthesis size in aortic valve replacement affect mortality?\nAnswer: Small aortic valve prosthesis size does not independently increase operative mortality following primary AVR. Increased morbidity and mortality among patients undergoing the implantation of small AV prostheses is related to the confounding effects of preoperative and operative risk factors. Annular enlargement may not always reduce mortality.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0159c0f34ec3468797293904eec440ba", "input": "Question: Is tumor focality associated with biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy?\nAnswer: Tumor focality is not an independent prognostic factor of biochemical outcome in radical prostatectomy patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca127f43dcaf484cb0792bd1f87d631b", "input": "Question: Is enthesis erosion in spondyloarthritis a persistent structural lesion?\nAnswer: US examination of Achilles erosions is reliable and sensitive to change. An association was found between Achilles erosions and objective activity-based measurements of SpA outcomes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d8ff3be97bf649e686029d53c4c47d73", "input": "Question: Does estrogen receptor beta influence ischemic tolerance in the aged female rat heart?\nAnswer: Here, for the first time, our data suggest that acute ER\u03b2 activation does not impact ischemic tolerance in the adult or aged female Fischer 344 rat myocardium and this likely due to a lack of detectable ER\u03b2.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7060b533487847eeb381df63096c32cb", "input": "Question: Is [ Blood glucose levels in the first 24 hours of admission a risk factor for mortality in critical care patients ]?\nAnswer: A total of 2,165 of the 2,554 admitted patients during the study period were included (96.5%). Exclusion criteria were absence of plasma glucose determinations. In the bivariate analysis, first and mean glucose blood levels showed significant differences in mortality rates in absolute figures and also when data were classified stratified in three levels (< 60 mg/dl; 60-110 mg/dl or > 110 mg/dl) or in two (normal values 60 to 110 mg/dl and unusual figures < 60 mg/dl or > 110 mg/dl). These significant differences were lost when a logistic model was applied. From the remaining variables, renal function and NEMS showed to be mortality risks factors in this sample.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-50467cde9ed9442eb17633c9d99330b2", "input": "Question: Does abacavir coadministration interfere with the suppressive activity of ribavirin in an HCV replicon system?\nAnswer: In a subgenomic HCV RNA replicon system, the antiviral effect of ribavirin was not modified by the addition of abacavir, tenofovir or lamivudine.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-30a1f8d029fe42f49fb622b3d3419a24", "input": "Question: Does centrifugation after irradiation of red blood cells accelerate haemolysis?\nAnswer: There is no difference in the haemolysis caused by centrifugation between irradiated and non-irradiated RBCs. However, it is well known that washing RBCs after irradiation significantly lowers the potassium content. Summarising these two findings leads to the conclusion that it is optimal first to irradiate and then to wash RBCs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-088f279d070a42f78797a0e1caf548f0", "input": "Question: Is infection with multiple viruses associated with increased disease severity in children with bronchiolitis?\nAnswer: Disease severity in children with bronchiolitis is not associated with infection by multiple viruses. We conclude that other factors, such as age, contribute to disease severity to a larger extent.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1685a24710fe4218b23097efb0bdba60", "input": "Question: Is pre-hospital hypothermia associated with increased survival after traumatic brain injury?\nAnswer: Although in-vivo and in-vitro studies demonstrate induced hypothermia may be protective in TBI, our study demonstrates that admission hypothermia was associated with increased mortality in isolated, blunt, moderate to severe TBI. Further prospective research is needed to elucidate the role of thermoregulation in patients sustaining TBI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4143285cc9e49408e5ffe570ea9262f", "input": "Question: Is vitamin D status related to development of atrial fibrillation in the community?\nAnswer: In our community-based sample, vitamin D status was not related to incident AF. Our data suggest that vitamin D deficiency does not promote the development of AF in the ambulatory setting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1ed34aaa2ec4454b8d90b98397124da8", "input": "Question: Do changes in basophil activation during grass-pollen sublingual immunotherapy correlate with clinical efficacy?\nAnswer: Allergen reactivity of peripheral blood basophils is not a biomarker for adverse events or early onset of clinical responses to SLIT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e24e04515a844d49bf1f2a694cf402e", "input": "Question: Does bradykinin mediate remote ischaemic preconditioning or ischaemia-reperfusion injury in vivo in man?\nAnswer: These findings do not support a major role for endogenous bradykinin, acting via the B(2) kinin receptor, in the mechanism of ischaemia-reperfusion injury or the protective effects of remote ischaemic preconditioning in man.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6fdd52f3a2034bb38c134208d29d3f5f", "input": "Question: Does delayed blastocyst development influence the outcome of frozen-thawed transfer cycles?\nAnswer: The pregnancy potential of high-grade blastocysts frozen on day 5 and day 6 after in vitro fertilisation and replaced in programmed TBT cycles is comparable.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-239534ef33244674b8489b364e05dbb2", "input": "Question: Is inflammatory impact of NOTES peritoneoscopy different from that of laparoscopy : a randomized comparative study in a survival porcine model?\nAnswer: Inflammatory parameters are similar between NOTES and laparoscopic peritoneoscopy despite longer surgery time in the NOTES group. The vaginal route seems to reduce the inflammatory stress.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-87d2d599489e4234ae6bf2ca5a1a16c0", "input": "Question: Does unbound bilirubin increase during ibuprofen treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants?\nAnswer: Ibuprofen (10-5-5 mg/kg) did not displace bilirubin in preterm infants with a baseline TB concentration <8.8 mg/dL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d06ef7fbce174cb0a9198f7958fd8c3f", "input": "Question: Does iL28B genotype correlate with HIV control in African Americans?\nAnswer: The IL28B CC genotype does not account for the noted HIV control in our specific NVS cohort. Further studies will be needed to determine if a common genetic factor can primarily account for any joint clearance of HCV and control of HIV.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e87ad067d3214c13a834512fdf062ad3", "input": "Question: Is despite aggressive histopathology survival impaired in young patients with colorectal cancer : CRC in patients under 50 years of age?\nAnswer: Although young patients present with more aggressive histopathological subtypes and less early stages, cancer-related survival is not less favourable compared with older patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3498e3b167ea4ad2b5a46a7fb89447ba", "input": "Question: Does vacuum-assisted venous drainage increase the neurological risk?\nAnswer: VAVD is a useful adjunct to modern cardiopulmonary bypass systems. When used with appropriate care, VAVD does not appear to significantly increase air microemboli and is not associated with an increased neurological risk following valvular surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3529274324a04c95b041694e20773294", "input": "Question: Does rapid emergence explain agitation following sevoflurane anaesthesia in infants and children : a comparison with propofol?\nAnswer: Although both sevoflurane and propofol allow for rapid emergence from general anaesthesia, only sevoflurane is associated with a high incidence of emergence agitation in infants and young children. Rapid emergence does not fully explain this phenomena.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9f65f64c54194191bc17907fe07d9673", "input": "Question: Does off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery reduce gastrointestinal complications?\nAnswer: Our study suggests that off-pump and on-pump techniques are similar in the rates of GI complications. We suggest that a properly designed randomized control trial is needed to verify our findings.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-88823571dbe54137b260c0c618d23e1a", "input": "Question: Is human polyomavirus DNA detected in Guthrie cards ( dried blood spots ) from children who developed acute lymphoblastic leukemia?\nAnswer: JCV or BKV were not found in any of the dried blood spots of children who later developed ALL or in the healthy controls. These findings suggest that it is unlikely that childhood ALL is associated with an in utero infection with JCV or BKV, although it is not possible to exclude an association with an in utero infection that has become latent in the kidneys with very low levels of circulating virus at birth.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4631cb82af64a2ea940a58fa25ff2c2", "input": "Question: Are two polymorphisms in the fracalkine receptor CX3CR1 associated with peripheral arterial disease?\nAnswer: In this study we could not detect a difference in genotype frequencies of the V249I and T280M polymorphisms in CX(3)CR1 between PAD patients and controls. CAD concomitant with PAD was also not affected by the I- or the M-allele.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c2eabe762eb24a178b2b230a8ea87232", "input": "Question: Is community treatment with azithromycin for trachoma associated with antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae at 1 year?\nAnswer: The authors were unable to demonstrate that mass azithromycin therapy for trachoma produced macrolide resistant S pneumoniae that persists until the next scheduled annual treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-33ed8d66317a461b9c9f33881236ac9a", "input": "Question: Does the pentapeptide QYNAD block voltage-gated sodium channels?\nAnswer: These experiments do not show any sodium channel blocking effect of QYNAD. The conclusion that QYNAD contributes to the pathophysiology of inflammatory neurologic disorders by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels should therefore be viewed with caution.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d05e0156a4934b0bbe1effff3509508f", "input": "Question: Does severe astigmatic blur interfere with spectacle lens compensation?\nAnswer: Severe astigmatic blur does not interfere with spectacle lens compensation. From this it can be inferred that the average amount of blur is not an important error signal for spectacle lens compensation and therefore probably not for emmetropization either. These results strengthen the case that the sign of defocus is used to direct eye growth.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-51e7c06a5367419a865009b1e9c77f97", "input": "Question: Does recursive partitioning analysis ( RPA ) class predict survival in patients with four or more brain metastases?\nAnswer: Patients with four or more brain metastases seem to represent a group with unfavorable prognosis where remission of brain metastases or administration of more than 30 Gy were not associated with increased survival. The number of patients in RPA class I was too small to draw final conclusions. However, there was absolutely no survival difference between patients in class II (median survival 3.6 months) and III (median 4.2 months).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8da69de73068481990f8966834997dac", "input": "Question: Does [ Sildenafil change coronary flow reserve in diabetics with erectile dysfunction ]?\nAnswer: Diabetics with erectile dysfunction often have a CFR in the lower range of normal. Sildenafil did not further reduce CFR. Asymptomatic, severe coronary artery disease often can be found in diabetics with erectile dysfunction. Cardiological screening for contraindications for sildenafil seems mandatory in diabetics with a high cardiovascular risk profile.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-62a33c058db541a786f32a0d220d2af1", "input": "Question: Are transient rebounds of low-level viraemia among HIV-infected patients under HAART associated with virological or immunological failure?\nAnswer: Patients under HAART with transient low-level viraemia are not at an increased risk of developing virological or immunological failure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-676f6f6c9bca4a2a9f2debb116f2e6bc", "input": "Question: Does creatine supplementation affect kidney function in an animal model with pre-existing renal failure?\nAnswer: Creatine supplementation at a dosage of 2% w/w for 4 weeks does not impair kidney function in animals with pre-existing renal failure or in control animals.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8fcb5673e804dd495efe78336b407f5", "input": "Question: Does short-term cortisol infusion in the brachial artery , with and without inhibiting 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase , alter forearm vascular resistance in normotensive and hypertensive subjects?\nAnswer: In both normotensive and hypertensive subjects, high-dose cortisol infusion both with and without 11 beta-HSD inhibition did not change FVR either immediately or after 2 h. We could not demonstrate in vivo 11 beta-HSD activity in the forearm vascular tissues. When binding of cortisone to CBG is changed, e.g. during cortisol infusion, arterio-venous changes in cortisone cannot reliably be used to assess (alterations in) local 11 beta-HSD activity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-49389bf6d6164730a2db3f8132f4b1a1", "input": "Question: Do why patients with ESRD select self-care dialysis as a treatment option?\nAnswer: This study identified a variety of barriers to self-care dialysis, and these results are being used to direct changes to our program aimed at increasing the uptake of self-care hemodialysis, which we believe will benefit both patients and health care providers and may offer a solution to nursing and resource shortages.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a3444a4d71b466ea210b38e54920aea", "input": "Question: Do prostate biopsy culture findings of men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome differ from those of healthy controls?\nAnswer: Bacteria cultured from transperineal prostatic biopsies do not differ between men with and without chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Prostatic bacteria obtained by biopsy are probably not etiologically related to the symptoms in the majority of men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf4ba987bbc84022824725c552dcc4e0", "input": "Question: Do surface EMG electrodes accurately record from lumbar multifidus muscles?\nAnswer: Accurate measurement of multifidus muscle activity requires intra-muscular electrodes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b58f83e6ef92436bb8ba9dfc1b7f27c9", "input": "Question: Does sevoflurane anaesthesia induce the formation of sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral blood lymphocytes of children?\nAnswer: Short-term administration of sevoflurane anaesthesia did not induce SCE in T-lymphocytes of children. No indication for a possible genotoxic effect has been observed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa5dbe1d3e5b4c61bebf00fde1d5dd26", "input": "Question: Does dNMT1 gene copy number influence susceptibility to development of malignant lymphoproliferative disease?\nAnswer: In contrast to findings in mice, the results of this study exclude a role for DNMT1 gene copy number in susceptibility to neoplastic transformation in humans.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d23a96f35c54440d892a7b2c77778d98", "input": "Question: Is herpes simplex virus type II a cofactor to human papillomavirus in cancer of the uterine cervix?\nAnswer: Although herpes simplex virus type 2 Bgl IIN transforms epithelial cells in vitro, it was not detected in cervical cancer specimens.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b93aa63489ee4a0a8b201b2ef84d490b", "input": "Question: Does endometritis predict reproductive morbidity after pelvic inflammatory disease?\nAnswer: Among women with clinically suspected mild-to-moderate PID treated with standard antibiotics, endometritis/UGTI was not associated with reproductive morbidity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1830cb60ecd44b7ea17ca01f72c06a72", "input": "Question: Does the canine copper toxicosis gene MURR1 cause non-Wilsonian hepatic copper toxicosis?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that copper toxicosis in Bedlington terriers is not an animal model for the non-Wilsonian hepatic copper toxicosis described in this study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d2d4ac30a3484e79ab8d53d15efa23c2", "input": "Question: Do in-hospital symptoms of depression predict mortality 3 years after myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: Symptoms of depression following MI do not predict longer-term survival, although measures of disease severity and discharge medication status do. Previous positive results for depression and cardiac mortality in MI patients could reflect the occasional confounding of depression with disease severity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b36c81bcc17f4db39b359cab81d3c0ee", "input": "Question: Does nitric oxide synthase inhibition improve renal function in cirrhotic patients with ascites?\nAnswer: Despite a partial correction of the hyperdynamic circulation, inhibition of NO synthesis does not improve sodium and water excretion in decompensated cirrhosis, probably because of an accompanying decrease in renal plasma flow. Intrarenal NO synthesis may be important for maintaining intrarenal hemodynamics in decompensated cirrhotic patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ea8a064621e4d9ba050d55935fdb71b", "input": "Question: Does selenomethionine affect PSA secretion independent of its effect on LNCaP cell growth?\nAnswer: PSA secretion is not specifically inhibited by concentrations of selenomethionine corresponding to plasma selenium concentrations found in individuals supplemented with chemopreventive concentrations of selenized yeast. These data suggest that changes in serum PSA levels in individual patients during selenium supplementation is not an effect specific for PSA secretion, but rather may be a useful indicator for changes in disease progression in individual patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a56bfb9fcee455c909cb343b413b910", "input": "Question: Do thymidylate synthase and p53 expression in primary tumor predict chemotherapy outcome in metastatic colorectal carcinoma?\nAnswer: Immunohistochemical investigation of TS and p53 of the primary tumour is not useful to predict the outcome of palliative chemotherapy in ACRC. Instead, TS can be regarded as a marker for prediction of time to recurrence.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-910f9a2237184fa1acb03dccddab07b6", "input": "Question: Is food production and wastage in relation to nutritional intake in a general district hospital -- wastage reduced by training the staff?\nAnswer: Despite a supply of food, which was much higher than the patients' needs, the patients have only approx. 60% of their energy need covered. We suggest a reorganization of nutrition in hospitals, so that this is made the responsibility of specific staff members.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8787fd7fa8749a6ac875610a9ccd88c", "input": "Question: Is hepatitis C virus-associated thrombocytopenia related to serum thrombopoietin levels?\nAnswer: An impaired TPO production did not explain the development of thrombocytopenia in HCV and other mechanisms must be involved.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-70af1ef793e34041b29362d7941cf0df", "input": "Question: Is epistaxis of patients admitted in the emergency department indicative of underlying arterial hypertension?\nAnswer: Although studies with larger series of patients are mandatory, epistaxis does not seem to result from underlying arterial hypertension.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-61eda392ea4d4f4c990358dde34e2784", "input": "Question: Are specific secretory phase endometrial leukocytes of women with two and more consecutive idiopathic abortions significantly different from healthy controls?\nAnswer: This study suggests that the concentrations of specific endometrial leukocytes in a non-pregnant cycle are not associated with repeated pregnancy loss. Thus, the hypothesis of an altered endometrial immunity in patients with repeated miscarriages, symbolized by persistently differing local immune-cell concentrations, has to be questioned.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-66a33c4dd8a245b68e0c6572ee8791bd", "input": "Question: Is long-term outcome of endoscopic dilatation in patients with Crohn 's disease affected by disease activity or medical therapy?\nAnswer: This largest series ever reported confirms that long term efficacy of endoscopic dilatation of Crohn's disease outweighs the complication risk. Neither active disease at the time of dilatation nor medical therapy afterwards predict recurrent dilatation or surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f2331ce92e644ea68c74482feb708658", "input": "Question: Is rOS1 Asp2213Asn polymorphism associated with coronary artery disease in a Greek case-control study?\nAnswer: Our findings do not support the hypothesis that ROS1 rs529038 polymorphism is an important contributing factor in the etiology of CAD in the Greek population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9746ceb5f40d4c43aee1b8e32a27a21e", "input": "Question: Is gRK5 Gln41Leu polymorphism associated with sensitivity to beta ( 1 ) -adrenergic blockade in humans?\nAnswer: The GRK5 Gln41Leu polymorphism does not affect sensitivity to the beta(1)-adrenergic blocker, atenolol, during acute physiological adrenergic stimulation, nor does it contribute to the ethnic differences in sensitivity to atenolol among black and Caucasian individuals.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-07045ee506e8485898bc03a2c66f94c0", "input": "Question: Does diabetes alter mortality or hemostatic and inflammatory responses in patients with severe sepsis?\nAnswer: Although diabetes is a risk factor for sepsis, once established, the outcome of severe sepsis does not appear to be significantly influenced by the presence of diabetes. In nondiabetic patients, however, admission hyperglycemia is associated with an increased mortality.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c0d69333eb02401a837816f4695f5020", "input": "Question: Are biological markers of cardiac damage related to measures of cardiac systolic and diastolic function using cardiovascular magnetic resonance and echocardiography after an acute bout of prolonged endurance exercise?\nAnswer: Biomarkers of cardiac damage after prolonged exercise are not associated with either systolic or diastolic functional measures.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee38abab2d47411c8df23f5c17bf87b7", "input": "Question: Do intermediate frequency magnetic fields generated by an induction heating ( IH ) cooktop affect genotoxicities and expression of heat shock proteins?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that exposure to an IF magnetic field at 6.05 mT(rms) for 2 h does not cause detectable cellular genotoxicity, and does not induce detectable cellular stress.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d350978ef72b45398b69324e93614d27", "input": "Question: Is urinalysis reliable to detect a urinary tract infection in febrile infants presenting to the ED?\nAnswer: Urinalysis is not reliable for the detection of urinary tract infections in febrile infants when compared with urine cultures.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ac87815f5284ca2bed83332248061cc", "input": "Question: Does cytomegalovirus infection accelerate microvasculopathy development in heart transplant recipients?\nAnswer: Our data do not support the thesis that CMV infection promotes microvasculopathy development among heart transplant recipients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3afea8a145ac4b79bb019e65ca6f5f62", "input": "Question: Is microvasculopathy observed in early or late endomyocardial biopsies related to angiographically confirmed transplanted heart coronary vasculopathy?\nAnswer: Microvasculopathy observed early or late after OHT was not related to angiographically confirmed CAV.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9da00347b6d4622807bc53798ae4081", "input": "Question: Does rituximab adversely affect the stem cell mobilization and engraftment after high-dose therapy and autologous transplantation in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in first complete or partial remission?\nAnswer: Hematopoietic engraftment was rapid for both groups and no different between them. The 3-year event-free survival was 90.4 % in the R group and 67.2 % in the non-R group (p = 0.04), but there was no significant difference in the 3-year overall survival (94,7 % vs 83,5 %; p = 0.179).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed227ac10eb14e50a6b8d749c1919885", "input": "Question: Is ropivacaine spinal anesthesia antagonized by ondansetron pretreatment?\nAnswer: Ondansetron had no effect on the subarachnoid sensory or motor block produced by ropivacaine.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7ccd05ad84454152949d56fb619728f0", "input": "Question: Do digit ratios serve as anatomical evidence of prenatal androgen exposure in clinical phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome?\nAnswer: Women with PCOS do not demonstrate finger length patterns that are consistent with increased prenatal androgen exposure. These findings do not preclude a role for prenatal androgens in the development of PCOS; however, low 2D:4D are not a characteristic of PCOS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9d02a61626e54f03820b50ec97930f73", "input": "Question: Does sleep loss aggravate the deteriorating effect of hypoglycemia on neurocognitive function in healthy men?\nAnswer: One night of total SD deteriorates neurocognitive function as reflected by indicators of attentive stimulus processing, but does not synergistically aggravate the impairing influence of acute hypoglycemia. The findings are not consistent with the view that neurocognitive deteriorations after SD result from challenged cerebral glucose metabolism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-07acdb4d44e14e4885465a84d906fcc6", "input": "Question: Is a new polymorphism in the GRP78 associated with HBV invasion?\nAnswer: -86 bp T > A polymorphism in GRP78 gene is not related to the clinical risk and acute exacerbation of HBV invasion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-59bb5bc3bb7a4b8e9399c38aec7a7f10", "input": "Question: Is [ Expression of the hrcC , hrpE and hpa3 genes regulated by the hrpG and hrpX genes in a rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzicola ]?\nAnswer: This indicated that the expression of the hrcC, hrpE and hpa3 genes was not regulated by the hrpG and/or hrpX genes, but the expression of the hrcT gene was negatively controlled by the hrpG gene. Thus, we postulated that the expression of key type- III secretion (T3S) apparatus components was controlled by an unknown signaling pathway, which may facilitate our further understanding on the formation of the T3S machine.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d6d8328aaeb4ce885b6d0c90c8362e4", "input": "Question: Does long-term online hemodiafiltration reduce the frequency and severity of acquired cystic kidney disease in hemodialysis patients?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that long-term online HDF does not reduce the frequency and severity of ACKD in dialysis patients. Duration of renal replacement therapy is the most important risk factor for ACKD. Factors that cannot be corrected by use of HDF may contribute to the formation of renal cysts.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9159c808f6db42c89c64ed49ee32ff69", "input": "Question: Do tRPV6 alleles influence prostate cancer progression?\nAnswer: Our results show that the frequencies of trpv6 alleles in healthy control individuals and prostate cancer patients are not significantly different. Although expression of trpv6 transcripts correlates with aggressive potential of prostate cancer, the TRPV6 genotype does not correlate with the onset of prostate cancer, with the Gleason score and the tumour stage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-87a93620e31f44a8955c41567eae79d6", "input": "Question: Is cDK10 a target for aberrant DNA methylation in breast cancer?\nAnswer: CDK10 is not a target for aberrant DNA methylation in breast cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-11ae793eea514df3a094d59d962b38e7", "input": "Question: Is ophthalmomyiasis only a problem for rural regions of Eastern Anatolia of Turkey?\nAnswer: The authors consider ophthalmomyiasis to be not only a problem of rural areas and subsequent examination is very important to ensure that no complications have occurred. It is hoped that this case encourages physicians to be aware of the diagnosis of ophthalmomyiasis externa and its complication and treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8d0839fae984c9691de3692003dfc2e", "input": "Question: Is sildenafil citrate and tamsulosin combination superior to monotherapy in treating lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction?\nAnswer: Treatment with the combination of tamsulosin only and sildenafil citrate only was not superior to tamsulosin only to enhance voiding symptoms. Also, sexual function improvement was similar for both the combination and sildenafil citrate only treatments.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f2c5fb12d2a647cebc286597524e87ba", "input": "Question: Does one size fit all : identifying risk profiles for overweight in adolescent population subsets?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate how risk and protective factors related to obesity emerge differently among sociodemographic subgroups and the relative importance of these risk and protective factors in relation to adolescent overweight status. Interventions that work for one population subgroup may not work for another.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec4ec3d8e89240f7bf56fb8e9220a211", "input": "Question: Is multidrug resistance in patients undergoing resective epilepsy surgery associated with C3435T polymorphism in the ABCB1 ( MDR1 ) gene?\nAnswer: Our findings failed to prove an association between C3435T polymorphism and drug resistance in a sample of Turkish patients with refractory epilepsy who underwent resective brain surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e378412e011c4b3caa50bafa8dbdd0dc", "input": "Question: Is mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: We found no obvious association of MAP with the incidence of T2DM in Sardinian patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-360b66c92f894b5fbaf5f6d7fe1cacd2", "input": "Question: Is early or advanced stage type 2 diabetes accompanied by in vivo skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction?\nAnswer: The finding that in vivo skeletal muscle oxidative capacity does not differ between long-standing, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes patients, subjects with early stage type 2 diabetes and sedentary, normoglycaemic controls suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction does not necessarily represent either cause or consequence of insulin resistance and/or type 2 diabetes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e824c1d747374406bb002f600d47b50f", "input": "Question: Does food-entrained rhythmic expression of PER2 and BMAL1 in murine megakaryocytes correlate with circadian rhythms in megakaryopoiesis?\nAnswer: Normal megakaryopoiesis requires synchrony between food- and light-entrained circadian oscillators.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6dd803b16e354c02b13012645bca5cfc", "input": "Question: Is diffuse musculoskeletal pain associated with low vitamin D levels or improved by treatment with vitamin D?\nAnswer: Low vitamin D levels are not associated with diffuse musculoskeletal pain, and treatment with vitamin D does not reduce pain in patients with diffuse pain who have low vitamin D levels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a1438eadcc7f4f8abf354e96979eae02", "input": "Question: Are plasma levels of myeloperoxidase elevated in patients with stable coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: In conclusion, plasma MPO levels were not elevated in patients with stable CAD, suggesting that systemic release of MPO is not a characteristic feature of asymptomatic CAD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3f85df161d3848109b10e37b02c95db3", "input": "Question: Does energy expenditure of submaximal running increase after cycle-run transition?\nAnswer: We suggest that the decrease in RER drop may be a result of greater lipid oxidation as metabolic substrate after cycling exercise.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-67954f89683a4d3689871734b02a4820", "input": "Question: Does plasma C5 glucose-to-2H2O ratio provide an accurate assessment of gluconeogenesis during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps in either nondiabetic or diabetic humans?\nAnswer: Plasma C5 glucose-to-(2)H(2)O ratio does not provide an accurate assessment of gluconeogenesis in nondiabetic or diabetic subjects during a traditional (i.e., 2-3 h) hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. The conclusions of studies that have used this approach need to be reevaluated.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e0e4893d5e2e4543b8e588ffcbb9ef76", "input": "Question: Do mDM2 gene SNP309 T/G and p53 gene SNP72 G/C influence diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma onset or survival in central European Caucasians?\nAnswer: In contrast to the previous study on Ashkenazi Jewish Caucasians, DLBCL in pre-menopausal women of central European Caucasian ethnicity was not associated with SNP309 G. Neither SNP309 nor SNP72 seem to be correlated with age of onset, diagnosis, or survival of patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a5c4a0d841c4458d9e2a5dd218cd68ca", "input": "Question: Does hemostatic agent microporous polysaccharide hemospheres ( MPH ) affect healing or intact sinus mucosa?\nAnswer: Absorbable hemostatic materials have starkly different effects on mucosal healing. Unlike other agents, MPH is rapidly cleared and has no negative effects on healing or intact sinus mucosa.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-34c1ec372bd04c5dafa233b2233e973f", "input": "Question: Are endometriosis of the ureter and bladder associated diseases?\nAnswer: Ureter endometriosis is not associated with the bladder disease; however, it is associated with advanced ASRM stages and with retrocervical and rectum-sigmoid lesions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d95e0d7e02745d9b9c5c5a224512623", "input": "Question: Is val158Met polymorphism in the catechol-O-methyltransferase ( COMT ) gene associated with tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia?\nAnswer: These results suggest that the V158M SNP of the COMT gene is not associated with TD in schizophrenia. However, there is a tendency that the heterozygous genotype of the COMT gene polymorphism has a protective effect against TD. Further investigations are warranted to evaluate a molecular heterosis of this polymorphism in development of TD in a large sample of subjects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-59df99b18975463c974c5a00c455dc13", "input": "Question: Are `` Covering our backs '' : ambulance crews ' attitudes towards clinical documentation when emergency ( 999 ) patients conveyed to hospital?\nAnswer: The low rates of completion of clinical records for non-conveyed patients appeared to result from crew members not believing they were important in every circumstance, combined with a lack of management focus. Low rates of completion may lead in turn to clinical risk and a risk of litigation if things go wrong.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f1843450568f41a9b42932552bc75e46", "input": "Question: Is silicone tubing necessary after primary endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy : a prospective randomized study?\nAnswer: The results of our prospective, randomized study showed that the use of silicone tubes after primary EN-DCR is not necessary.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b4136b9a3fe40f1b830e34df2ca05b7", "input": "Question: Does feticide modify duration of labor induction in cases of medical termination of pregnancy?\nAnswer: Feticide does not alter the clinical obstetrical course of women undergoing medical termination of pregnancy, and poses no risk to maternal health regardless of gestational age.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c38aa03e1084c5496918215cf874dc0", "input": "Question: Does trkB gene transfer alter hippocampal neuronal loss and cognitive deficits following traumatic brain injury in mice?\nAnswer: These data suggest that neither overexpression of trkB, BNDF infusion or their combination affects neuronal survival or behavioral outcome following experimental TBI in mice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-82eaa884f844494085eb0dbcfad15853", "input": "Question: Is retinol-binding protein-4 strongly associated with insulin sensitivity in normal pregnancies?\nAnswer: The increased fat mass and insulin resistance during normal pregnancy was best explained by measures of fat mass. However, the increase in RBP4 from early to late pregnancy, associated with a decline in insulin sensitivity, potentially indicates interactions with glucose metabolism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4e5a468db1e4af0a90da7cc50bbc9f5", "input": "Question: Do financial incentives always work : an example of cesarean sections in Taiwan?\nAnswer: Cesarean section rates are greater for the higher-order births because of the practice \"once a cesarean section, always a cesarean section\". Against the background of a rapidly declining fertility rate, females play a more important role in the mode of delivery than ever before. As such, financial incentives designed specifically for obstetricians do not have the desired impact. Policies that are aimed at altering behavior should be designed within the social context.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5270f80e9054740b152e10ba373779b", "input": "Question: Does danqi Piantan Jiaonang modify hemostasis , hematology , and biochemistry in normal subjects and stroke patients?\nAnswer: DPJ does not significantly modify hematological, hemostatic, and biochemical parameters in normal subjects and stroke patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f24dea85f24448db9241cf7039e2d883", "input": "Question: Does physician clinical impression rule out spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients undergoing emergency department paracentesis?\nAnswer: Clinical characteristics and physician assessment were insufficient in the diagnosis or exclusion of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in the ED patient undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic paracentesis. This finding supports routine laboratory fluid analysis after ED paracentesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-edada478e1a943cbb3492caae4f5554d", "input": "Question: Is experience enough : repeated breaches in epidural anesthesia aseptic technique by novice operators despite improved skill?\nAnswer: Manual skills for invasive procedures improved with increasing experience, but aseptic technique did not, despite formal teaching. These findings reflect major gaps in the understanding and teaching of the principles of aseptic technique, most likely due to lack of structured training. Educational initiatives are needed to correct these teaching gaps.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f00830f1f327461da8ab71c64b2f6828", "input": "Question: Does the anti-inflammatory effect of celecoxib prevent liver fibrosis in bile duct-ligated rats?\nAnswer: The present study provides morphological and molecular biological evidences for the role of celecoxib in cholestatic liver fibrosis. Celecoxib protects against hepatic inflammation in the early stage of BDL rats, but does not have an effect on liver fibrosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6661633a15e8493c83a9ef5d5310f58b", "input": "Question: Are patient expectations always the same?\nAnswer: The factorial structure of expectations varied, indicating that expectations are not homogeneous in all clinical situations. The desire of the patient to participate in decision-making also differs according to the type of health problem.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5003413752404bf1ab6f0f9fde61c802", "input": "Question: Do distinct haptic cues reduce interference when learning to reach in multiple force fields?\nAnswer: These results suggest that in the context of the present learning paradigm, haptic cues on their own are not sufficient to reduce interference and promote learning multiple force fields.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea62147d66f44ff8b8674745ffd661f0", "input": "Question: Does elevated body mass index ( BMI ) adversely affect in vitro fertilization outcome in young women?\nAnswer: Obesity in young women does not adversely affect clinical pregnancy rates in patients treated with in vitro fertilization.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1ac7aa8eeca44eeaeb500449de29cbe", "input": "Question: Are methylation alterations a major cause of PTTG1 misregulation?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that neither methylation alterations nor LOH are involved in PTTG1 over-expression. These data, together with those previously reported, point towards a post-transcriptional level of misregulation associated to PTTG1 over-expression.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-721b711fcbb648148cdc4cae06704c84", "input": "Question: Does corn oil enhancing hepatic lipid peroxidation induced by CCl4 aggravate liver fibrosis in rats?\nAnswer: corn oil enriches polyunsaturated fatty acids through COX-2 independent pathways to increase LPO products that do not enhance liver fibrosis induced by CCl4.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-deedba85bfa24e6b8a533056bd33fd54", "input": "Question: Does the ABCG2 C421A polymorphism affect oral nitrofurantoin pharmacokinetics in healthy Chinese male subjects?\nAnswer: The ABCG2 C421A polymorphism had no effect on nitrofurantoin plasma and urine pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy Chinese subjects. These results indicate that nitrofurantoin is not a suitable clinical probe substrate for assessing BCRP activity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-89507a898df44071ae01bd514b8b1b38", "input": "Question: Stenosis carotid artery stenting in high risk patients with carotid artery eligible for endarterectomy : clinical outcome after 5 years?\nAnswer: This study confirms that stent procedures are beneficial for symptomatic carotid stenosis in patients not eligible for surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b855e1d1c514b46bdec62edde0c26c2", "input": "Question: Is soy consumption a risk factor for peanut sensitization?\nAnswer: The association between soy consumption and peanut sensitization is not causal but merely a result of preferential use of soy milk in infants with a personal or family history of cow's milk allergy. Future studies should take the confounding effects related to dietary modifications by parents into account when investigating the association between diet and childhood allergic diseases.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a59304019522419787836b67a52e784b", "input": "Question: Is postoperative peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer cells promoted by carbon-dioxide pneumoperitoneum at low intraperitoneal pressure in a syngenic mouse laparoscopic model with controlled respiratory support : a pilot study?\nAnswer: Postoperative peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer cells is not promoted by a carbon-dioxide pneumoperitoneum with a low IPP in a mouse model with CRS when assessed on postoperative day 14.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-889bb3f6235a412c988a0d6eea0215c4", "input": "Question: Does brain hyperthermia after traumatic brain injury reduce brain oxygen?\nAnswer: In this clinical study, hyperthermia does not seem to reduce BtO2 or increase the number of episodes of brain tissue hypoxia in patients with severe TBI. These results suggest that hyperthermia may worsen outcome after TBI through mechanisms that may be separate from compromised brain oxygen.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d74aaee93afc4bb38702ebde0f4a1e5a", "input": "Question: Is ascaris lumbricoides-induced interleukin-10 associated with atopy in schoolchildren in a rural area of the tropics?\nAnswer: The results of this study do not support the notion that IL-10 plays a role in modulating atopy in children living in a tropical area where intestinal helminth infections are endemic.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d6d3dd42ef942c7a82f64288ab01fa2", "input": "Question: Are serum levels of the advanced glycation end products Nepsilon-carboxymethyllysine and pentosidine influenced by treatment with the angiotensin receptor II type 1 blocker irbesartan in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and hypertension?\nAnswer: Irbesartan did not alter the increase in pentosidine and CML in serum of type 2 diabetic patients with progressive nephropathy. This finding suggests that angiotensin receptor blockade alone is insufficient to reduce serum levels of AGEs in diabetic nephropathy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-54b17fed8d4648bb9bba1f80290e734d", "input": "Question: Are arterial blood gas derangement and level of comorbidity predictors of long-term mortality of COPD patients treated with mechanical ventilation?\nAnswer: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients treated with invasive mechanical ventilation have substantial long-term mortality. Neither the levels of arterial blood gas values measured immediately before invasive mechanical ventilation was initiated nor the burden of comorbidity were strong determinants of long-term mortality among these patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-39f4e886cc1142ddb5b0577eb5d6dcac", "input": "Question: Does hypertensive response with exercise increase the prevalence of abnormal Tc-99m SPECT stress perfusion images?\nAnswer: A hypertensive BP response to exercise is not associated with increased rates of ischemic ECG changes, higher-risk Duke treadmill scores, greater degrees of abnormal MPI or worse clinical outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eeecd21c5a0247388785a5edb501605f", "input": "Question: Does high-dose atorvastatin negatively influence clinical outcomes among clopidogrel treated acute coronary syndrome patients -- a Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 22 ( PROVE IT-TIMI 22 ) analysis?\nAnswer: In conclusion, the beneficial affects of atorvastatin 80 mg in reducing the primary end point at 2 years is independent of coadministration with clopidogrel.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2919c87205f64b5eac45bc7b7beb96e7", "input": "Question: Does selective activation of muscle and skin nociceptors trigger exaggerated sympathetic responses in spinal-injured subjects?\nAnswer: While hypertonic saline injected into muscle or skin induces strong pain, cutaneous vasoconstriction and sweat release in able-bodied subjects, we saw no evidence of exaggerated sympathoexcitation when these same noxious stimuli were delivered below lesion in subjects with SCI. This suggests that certain types of somatic noxious input may not trigger autonomic dysreflexia, and questions the concept that any painful stimuli originating below lesion can reliably trigger dysreflexia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4cb83c719f7d4262bc80dc76ce1d3109", "input": "Question: Does use of the ThinPrep Imaging System alter the frequency of interpreting Papanicolaou tests as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance?\nAnswer: Use of the ThinPrep Imaging System did not appreciably change ASC-US rates or follow-up reflex HPV test results in our laboratory. This demonstrates that the benefits of automated screening may be obtained without increasing the rate of referral to colposcopy for ASC-US follow-up.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-40a16a884264419c86f3ca5246ee28e3", "input": "Question: Does addition of rituximab to chop increase the risk of cardiotoxicity in patients with non-Hodgkin 's lymphoma?\nAnswer: Both CHOP and R-CHOP cause diastolic dysfunction in the early period following their administration. The addition of rituximab to CHOP chemotherapy does not significantly increase the risk of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity during this period.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d0f60ba65aac4774bf042247c61dcc8f", "input": "Question: Are fetal breathing movements in oligohydramnios increased by aminoinfusion?\nAnswer: This study suggests that restitution of amniotic fluid volume in human pregnancies complicated by severe oligohydramnios does not acutely alter the incidence of FBM. These data support an increasing literature suggesting that impairment of fetal breathing is not the mechanism for oligohydramnios-related pulmonary hypoplasia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c3b1d6a16714bba893ee63a19c3533e", "input": "Question: Are international trends in the incidence of bone cancer related to drinking water fluoridation?\nAnswer: The mortality/incidence ratio, but not the incidence rate (IR), has dropped sharply since then, which erodes the basis of past inferences relating cancer mortality to fluoridation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c1690306a764aeba94be1b720ecf85c", "input": "Question: Do [ Cerebral Doppler measurements in risk newborn infants have a prognostic value ]?\nAnswer: Cerebral doppler seems to be of little value to determine the prognosis of newborns at risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4bfcbee5a0c2443095ab6ff87f4d30d2", "input": "Question: Does chronic reduction of myocardial ischemia attenuate coronary collateral development in miniswine?\nAnswer: We conclude that growth and development of the coronary collateral circulation measured functionally during exercise at 90% of maximal heart rate is unrelated to the extent and duration of myocardial ischemia in this model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fff957534b9f460985114470d833d976", "input": "Question: Is metabolic control altered when using indwelling catheters for insulin injections?\nAnswer: The long- and short-term metabolic control of IDDM was not altered by the use of indwelling catheters for insulin injections. Insuflon can be offered as an alternative to patients with IDDM who find regular injections uncomfortable.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f91736376749468ab8c2ec4f1a399acc", "input": "Question: Are immunologic marker paths for seroconversion : single determinations of immunoglobulin A and beta 2-microglobulin adequate to estimate time of HIV infection . Multicohort Analysis Project Workshop . Part II?\nAnswer: Further study of how serum IgA reflects HIV infection and careful clinical and statistical assessment of reduced beta 2M from 5 or 6 years after HIV infection are needed. The dependence of marker paths on mode of HIV transmission suggests that sexual transmission may have implications for HIV disease progression. The feasibility of using serum IgA and beta 2M, evaluable in single stored blood samples, to estimate time of HIV infection has been set back by our results.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab9cbaa482f2415b8a0813ee1647acee", "input": "Question: Is expression of p53 protein in gastric carcinomas independently prognostic?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that p53 expression did not correlate with the aggressiveness of gastric carcinomas and failed to be an independent predictor of outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-36c99e01adc74849be82aa318cb8b4d3", "input": "Question: Does gowning affect colonization or infection rates in a neonatal intensive care unit?\nAnswer: Gowning in the neonatal intensive care unit is an unnecessary custom without benefit in neonatal colonization, infection rates, mortality, traffic patterns, and handwashing behavior.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-75a0bc78a69b4d7fb7f24ffce153254d", "input": "Question: Do elevated serum progesterone levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration predict outcome in assisted reproduction cycles?\nAnswer: Serum P levels before hCG administration do not predict the outcome of ART cycles in patients suppressed with GnRH-a before hMG stimulation. Lower fertilization rates observed in the high P cycles did not have an effect on clinical outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1ccca961d14046a5ad3d6520a13c9814", "input": "Question: Do coronary angiographic findings predict clinical outcome in patients with unstable angina?\nAnswer: In this selected group of patients with unstable angina, type of coronary artery lesion and the presence or absence of thrombus formation does not predict clinical outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b29b9f6b44b4328b686bf7370469bb4", "input": "Question: Does bacteriuria in patients with a continent ileal reservoir for urinary diversion regularly require antibiotic treatment?\nAnswer: The present results indicate that asymptomatic bacteriuria in patients with a continent ileal reservoir for urinary diversion is generally of no clinical importance and should not be treated with antibiotics. This conclusion is based on the observations that the bacterial strains growing in the reservoir changed spontaneously indicating colonization rather than infection. Raised titres of antibodies against E. coli correlated weakly with bacterial growth. The observed elevations in antibody titres were usually just above the normal upper limit.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c1fd49cbf0b54814ac5cb57abff2bd09", "input": "Question: Does chloroquine enhance the activity of clarithromycin against multiplication of Mycobacterium avium within human macrophages?\nAnswer: Chloroquine should not improve clarithromycin treatment against M. avium infection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-76818543a4b54415b58de55e79d02068", "input": "Question: Are psoriasis and eczema mutually exclusive diseases?\nAnswer: Contrary to some hospital-based studies which have suggested that the two diseases are seldom found together, this study of a large and representative population suggests that eczema and psoriasis may co-occur concurrently and consecutively in the same individual.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-673dc604744d4bfdb28de6d25aab0cb1", "input": "Question: Does pEEP ventilation cause humorally mediated cardiac output depression in pigs?\nAnswer: As humorally mediated negative inotropism during PEEP ventilation has earlier been demonstrated in dogs, the results suggest that this mechanism might be species-dependent.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f9099c1d33041eaafabcfdbfe013311", "input": "Question: Do rat renal preglomerular vessels , glomeruli and papillae express detectable quantities of B-type natriuretic peptide receptor?\nAnswer: The present results suggest that ANP-B receptors either are absent or are present in undetectable amounts in rat renal preglomerular vessels, glomeruli and papillae.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b3ef344bf75417f91282fccd8214b2d", "input": "Question: Is constipation a risk factor for hemorrhoids : a case-control study of potential etiological agents?\nAnswer: The results of this analysis suggest that diarrhea but not constipation may represent a risk factor for the development of hemorrhoids.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4645fb9650924a4e9d8b6d435fbed6de", "input": "Question: Does allelic variation in the D4 dopamine receptor ( DRD4 ) gene predict response to clozapine?\nAnswer: DRD4 alleles do not predict therapeutic response to clozapine in schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients. There are implications from these data for the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and the mechanism of clozapine's therapeutic effect are discussed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-259b227fc69c4047ad30abd4ef18f78f", "input": "Question: Is weekly docetaxel and capecitabine effective in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer : a phase II study?\nAnswer: The combination of docetaxel and capecitabine at the doses and schedule investigated in this study is safe, but does not show significant activity in untreated patients with advanced gastric cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b4e5644564e4f088aa15cc9a8ab9236", "input": "Question: Does a powerful method for detecting differentially expressed genes from GeneChip arrays that require replicates?\nAnswer: The method presented is a powerful tool for extracting information on differential expression from GeneChip expression studies with limited or no replicates.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f7175f5c079549a1b18a45753096c907", "input": "Question: Is the canine copper toxicosis gene MURR1 implicated in the pathogenesis of Wilson disease?\nAnswer: These data suggest that the MURR1 gene and its protein product are unlikely to play a primary role in the pathogenesis of Wilson disease. More extensive studies with larger numbers of clinically homogeneous patients should be carried out to establish whether nucleotide alterations in the MURR1 gene may have a role in causing WD or WD-like disorders or act as modifying factors in the phenotype variability in WD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e2e6073243cb49c0b871bfe4348e8a19", "input": "Question: Does trendelenburg positioning prevent a decrease in cardiac output after induction of anaesthesia with propofol in children?\nAnswer: The present study shows that cardiac performance is not improved by Trendelenburg positioning after propofol/fentanyl induction of anaesthesia in children.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b72605da39a4339b51c959e325489a8", "input": "Question: Does interleukin-5 influence differential transcription of transmembrane and soluble isoforms of IL-5R alpha in vivo?\nAnswer: We find that IL-5 is not necessary for differential splicing to occur in vivo, as all three forms of the IL-5R alpha are detected in both strains of IL-5 gene-deleted mice, with ratios of transcript expression (transmembrane : soluble 1 : soluble 2) that were indistinguishable from their wild-type counterparts. Differential splicing does vary markedly between strains, potentially because of local effects of strain-specific polymorphisms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e329125f983547e9b9e58e458c23faed", "input": "Question: Is factor V Leiden commonly associated with idiopathic portal vein thrombosis in southern India?\nAnswer: Factor V Leiden contributes little, if at all, to the development of portal vein thrombosis in southern India.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b5975ab4b044ff59461ca86252245f3", "input": "Question: Is clusterin essential for androgen-regulated involution and regeneration of the normal mouse prostate?\nAnswer: Clusterin is not critical for normal prostate development or androgen-regulated involution and regrowth of the mouse prostate gland, suggesting that clusterin may have distinct functions in malignant versus normal prostatic epithelial cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1cf075d372dd4217bd028484fc5f1198", "input": "Question: Does imaging predict the clinical outcome of bacterial vertebral osteomyelitis?\nAnswer: Imaging abnormalities often persist in patients with bacterial spondylodiscitis despite a favourable clinical and biological response to antibiotic treatment. They are not associated with relapses, neurological sequelae or persistent pain. Imaging controls are not necessary when bacterial spondylodiscitis responds favourably to treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-78b1973b6a6f460c9e05da85123062f2", "input": "Question: Is mTHFR C677T polymorphism associated with placental abruption or preeclampsia in Finnish women?\nAnswer: MTHFR C677T polymorphism does not have a major role in the development of preeclampsia or placental abruption in the Finnish population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-89db07a6bb7942f3a881cf6236738e44", "input": "Question: Does chronic nitric oxide synthase inhibition in pregnant rats result in placental oxidative stress?\nAnswer: The L-nitroarginine methyl ester model of experimental preeclampsia induces a number of the physiological characteristics typical of the human disease however fails to initiate biochemical changes in the placenta that occur during human preeclampsia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9cca7393cce240d59c7ac9971613b7ac", "input": "Question: Are common variations in ALG9 associated with bipolar I disorder : a family-based study?\nAnswer: These results suggest that common variations in ALG9 do not play a major role in predisposition to bipolar affective disorder.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eba10eb3d2014f59884ddf343c30cf47", "input": "Question: Is the effect of exercise in reducing desire to smoke and cigarette withdrawal symptoms caused by distraction?\nAnswer: A brief bout of moderate-intensity exercise can lead to a rapid reduction in desire to smoke and withdrawal discomfort, which is not due to the distracting effect of exercise or the effects of mood. These findings support recommendations to smokers to use exercise as a means of helping cope with the difficulties encountered when they try to stop.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d46876a44c6547e0a3e51777954d1729", "input": "Question: Is haploinsufficiency the key mechanism of pathogenesis in a heterozygous Elovl4 knockout mouse model of STGD3 disease?\nAnswer: The detailed characterization of this animal model provides the first in vivo evidence that Elovl4 haploinsufficiency is not the underlying key disease mechanism in STGD3. The results are consistent with a dominant negative mechanism for the deletion mutation. The Elovl4 knockout mouse is one of three complementary animal models that will help elucidate the disease mechanism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-06e30bbc5dae4deca0e0a0bcb9f311b2", "input": "Question: Does rapamycin delays but prevent recovery from acute renal failure : role of acquired tubular resistance?\nAnswer: Rapamycin delays but does not prevent renal recovery after ARF. MPT cells become resistant to rapamycin after prolonged exposure. We speculate that the ultimate recovery of renal function after ARF is due to the development of acquired tubular cell resistance to rapamycin.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d649e46d36394e878bf2fd3f3f6952dd", "input": "Question: Does urinary pentosidine predict cartilage loss among subjects with symptomatic knee OA : the BOKS Study?\nAnswer: Urinary pentosidine does not predict knee cartilage loss. Previous studies have suggested that local content within cartilage of AGEs is elevated in persons at high risk for progression. Our data suggest that these changes are not measurable systemically. Alternatively, urinary pentosidine levels reflect cartilage degradation in all joints (thus whole body cartilage breakdown) and may therefore not relate to OA severity in a single knee joint.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac1ef2e91f614c94829c217d22ff0ea8", "input": "Question: Does rescue therapy with tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil prevent deterioration of graft function in C4d-positive chronic allograft nephropathy?\nAnswer: Our data argue against the efficacy of tacrolimus/mycophenolate mofetil rescue therapy in established C4d-positive chronic allograft dysfunction. Prospective trials are needed to evaluate whether early initiation of this or other antihumoral strategies are capable of effectively preventing alloantibody-mediated chronic graft injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8897c46eb10f410b94ddec2766d3be96", "input": "Question: Is tamoxifen effective in good prognosis patients with hepatocellular carcinoma?\nAnswer: The recent suggestion that tamoxifen might be effective in the subgroup of patients with better prognosis is not supported by a reanalysis of the CLIP-1 trial. Tamoxifen should no longer be considered for the treatment of HCC patients and future trials of medical treatment should concentrate on different drugs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e9ef53e97e546e1949fa1e1b4b43f4a", "input": "Question: Do antimicrobial endodontic compounds modulate alkylation-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in vitro?\nAnswer: Formocresol, paramonochlorophenol, and calcium hydroxide are not able to modulate alkylation-induced genotoxicity or oxidative DNA damage as depicted by the single cell gel (comet) assay.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b44e1bf87bd4b3da724dfeb975dfba5", "input": "Question: Do cardiac procedures in lung transplant recipients increase mortality in selected patients?\nAnswer: Patients who are otherwise deemed to be good candidates for lung transplantation but are found to have an associated cardiac condition that could adversely affect their candidacy may still be considered for transplantation in selected cases if the cardiac abnormality can be addressed either before or during transplantation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce1d1445541e46cfb5c45b0536df9dca", "input": "Question: Does coagulopathy fully protect hospitalized cirrhosis patients from peripheral venous thromboembolism?\nAnswer: Approximately 0.5% of admissions involving cirrhosis patients resulted in a new thromboembolic event. Low serum albumin was strongly predictive of increased risk for developing VTE, independent of international normalized ratio or platelet count. Serum albumin deficiency may indicate low levels of endogenous anticoagulants.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-715d1d85f06942d28a385d03e6275f3c", "input": "Question: Do gABA-site antagonism and pentobarbital actions depend on the alpha-subunit type in the recombinant rat GABA receptor?\nAnswer: The GABA-site antagonism does not depend on the subtype of alpha-subunits. Similarly, pentobarbital activates ternary receptors composed of different alpha-subunits in a bicuculline-sensitive manner. The potencies of bicuculline to inhibit pentobarbital-activated currents are identical with receptors containing alpha1, alpha4 or alpha5-subunit. The alpha1beta2 and alpha4beta2 receptors possess higher GABA potencies compared with the alpha1beta2gamma2L and alpha4beta2gamma2L receptors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4544c90a9e2d418b820b2c53a0670b96", "input": "Question: Does previous aneuploidic offspring in a young woman increase the risk for somatic random aneuploidy in subsequent pregnancies?\nAnswer: The known tendency for repeated nondisjunction shown in women with previous aneuploid babies could not be demonstrated in their offsprings.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c80dbbda3314127915959f8c9b550e0", "input": "Question: Is the routine use of oxytocin after oral misoprostol for labour induction in women with an unfavourable cervix of benefit?\nAnswer: There was no benefit of routine addition of oxytocin after two doses of misoprostol. Reduced oxytocin requirement was observed when it was added only if needed. Both regimens achieved 85-87% vaginal deliveries with low incidence of hypercontractility.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e66e9e0429a940fba67dc8527e25f469", "input": "Question: Is poor prognosis indicated by nucleated red blood cells in peripheral blood associated with organ failure of the liver or kidney?\nAnswer: The detection of NRBCs in blood of surgical intensive care patients is of prognostic power with regard to patient mortality. This prognostic significance of NRBCs was independent of some clinical and other laboratory risk parameters. The appearance of NRBCs in blood was not associated with kidney failure or lesion of the liver.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f3d170f0e224254a243a93e725ff4bd", "input": "Question: Does blocking ET-1 receptors correct subnormal retinal oxygenation response in experimental diabetic retinopathy?\nAnswer: Because subnormal retinal DeltaPo(2) after drug treatment is a biomarker of subsequent vascular histopathology, the present data raise the possibility that retinal ET-1 does not play a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-38db98ba95aa4f09a115bd4e7db41813", "input": "Question: Does fasting ghrelin predict food intake after short-term energy restriction?\nAnswer: Fasting ghrelin concentrations did not rise after a 2-day energy restriction regimen. Moreover, changes in ghrelin concentrations during energy restriction were not associated with subsequent ad libitum food intake, suggesting that fasting ghrelin does not act as a hunger signal to the brain. The data did not support our hypothesis that leptin suppresses ghrelin levels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-674471e4edf547c9bd893f8cf4f2afcc", "input": "Question: Is prosthesis-patient mismatch clinically relevant in aortic valve replacement using the Carpentier-Edwards Perimount valve?\nAnswer: The incidence of severe PPM is virtually nonexistent after aortic valve replacement using the Carpentier-Edwards Perimount valve. Moderate PPM is found in 20% of cases and is clinically irrelevant in this population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7862591e81404a07b9e431f36a06693a", "input": "Question: Does the early luteal phase administration of estrogen and progesterone induce premature luteolysis in normo-ovulatory women?\nAnswer: The present intervention of high-dose steroid administration shortly after the LH surge failed to induce a premature luteolysis regularly in cyclic women. It seems that the induced transient suppression in LH allowed for a timely recovery of corpus luteum function. Other additional factors may be held responsible for the distinct reduction in luteal phase length observed after ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6577122c2e3e4f92b040031a70f8b76d", "input": "Question: Is iL-12p40 required for islet allograft rejection?\nAnswer: The results suggested that, although islet allograft rejection is believed to be Th1-cell predominant, the Th1 response inducer, IL-12 and IL-23 are not essential to induce islet allograft rejection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b3d498ff9618496e9ab3bcb337387256", "input": "Question: Does revaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin ( BCG ) vaccine reduce morbidity from malaria in African children?\nAnswer: We found no evidence that BCG revaccination reduces morbidity from malaria.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-97a8fc4505bc4e1cb64e246e6d996583", "input": "Question: Does moderate exercise-induced energy expenditure alter leptin levels in sedentary obese men?\nAnswer: These preliminary data suggest that a bout of acute exercise of moderate intensity and duration does not affect leptin concentration. It is possible that a higher level of EE is required to elicit substantial changes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c292dab3a58447d9ae74b6659280e10d", "input": "Question: Does infliximab suppress the tuberculin skin test ( purified protein derivative )?\nAnswer: Infliximab use does not suppress the skin reaction to tuberculin. We confirm the booster phenomenon and that the PPD skin test has an acceptable interobserver reliability for an in vivo test.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ffb2bbdb2cad499990dd162f13f7c876", "input": "Question: Does lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 predict mortality or new ischaemic events in acute coronary syndrome patients?\nAnswer: ACS patients had higher Lp-PLA(2) levels than healthy controls. Lp-PLA(2) was significantly correlated to lipid levels but only weakly correlated or unrelated to other well-established risk markers in ACS. The risk of future cardiovascular events or mortality was not related to Lp-PLA(2) levels in ACS patients. The biological role of Lp-PLA(2) and its role as a risk marker in ACS patients still remain unclear.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b366d3a1e73645cbb030148ce29f2172", "input": "Question: Does exogenous oestradiol and progesterone administration cause oedema in healthy young women?\nAnswer: Neither E(2) nor E(2)-P(4) altered TER(alb) sufficiently to impact Starling forces indicating neither E(2) nor P(4) administration at these levels would likely cause oedema.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-18512a121e0243ab974475c16a9c76a0", "input": "Question: Is renal graft survival influenced by a positive flow B-cell crossmatch?\nAnswer: Neither short nor long-term graft survival of deceased donor kidneys is influenced by a positive flow B-cell IgG crossmatch, even when caused by HLA class II antibody.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-51a026ad4a8c47c0aa05dcd7097d3d46", "input": "Question: Does previous palliation in patients with tetralogy of Fallot influence the outcome of later repair?\nAnswer: The outcome of patients undergoing repair of tetralogy of Fallot is not influenced in terms of either mortality or morbidity by an initial palliative procedure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5c1a3e58c234cebafc4b52239dd67a6", "input": "Question: Does prophylactic [ corrected ] granisetron prevent postdelivery nausea and vomiting during elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia?\nAnswer: Despite strict control of the causative factors, IONV still affects 18% of patients undergoing elective CD, and prophylactic granisetron 1 mg is ineffective under the studied circumstances.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5fb8faa2bbc04e70b52e72966379e7e3", "input": "Question: Do baculovirus-mediated gene transfer and recombinant protein expression interfere with insulin dependent phosphorylation of PKB/Akt in human SHSY-5Y and C3A cells?\nAnswer: Widely-used adenovirus vectors for gene delivery cause a state of insulin unresponsiveness in human SHSY-5Y and C3A cells in culture due to the activation of central protein kinases of the insulin signalling pathway. This phenomenon can be avoided when studying insulin signalling by using recombinant baculovirus as a heterologous viral expression system. In addition, our data may contribute to an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying baculovirus infection of human cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c11b8a018034d6a92bab08790a5be5f", "input": "Question: Is leucine 7-proline 7 polymorphism in the signal peptide of neuropeptide Y a risk factor for exudative age-related macular degeneration?\nAnswer: Leu7Pro polymorphism in the signal peptide region of the human prepro-NPY is not a risk factor for exudative AMD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e371496535734718bb9807b91f2502e7", "input": "Question: Does long-term nitrate therapy after acute myocardial infarction improve or aggravate prognosis?\nAnswer: Long-term nitrate therapy after AMI neither improves nor aggravates prognosis. Prospective randomized clinical trials are warranted to determine the effects of long-term nitrate therapy for secondary prevention of AMI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7edd9e842cb740b7b8a074ebd4c20c5d", "input": "Question: Do bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells contribute significantly to new vessels during incisional wound healing?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that the revascularization of dermal incisional wounds primarily occurs through angiogenesis because the low frequency and temporal expression of EPCs suggests that they do not make a significant contribution to the neovascularization process.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-febdbd1e7eec49b29f0041d457cedcd8", "input": "Question: Do repeated balloon inflations diminish ST segment elevation even though coronary collateral recruitment is promoted in pigs?\nAnswer: Repeated BIs do not diminish ST segment elevation in the pig model, even though coronary collateral recruitment is promoted.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8795093f35174a9ba95ce1e3aefc6e39", "input": "Question: Do local perturbations affect stability of laboratory fruitfly metapopulations?\nAnswer: Our study shows that localized perturbations are unlikely to affect the dynamics of real metapopulations, a finding that has cautionary implications for ecologists and conservation biologists faced with the problem of stabilizing unstable metapopulations in nature.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff383ca4600c4d50a60626f628b8460d", "input": "Question: 's `` It an issue at the moment '' : a qualitative study of mothers about childhood obesity?\nAnswer: Interventions to prevent overweight and obesity need to focus on equipping parents with the skills to translate their knowledge into behavior and lay the foundations early for their children to develop healthy habits.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-527ecb370e2a40a7ad26f4ea06be6c63", "input": "Question: Does video-assisted thoracic surgery reduce the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation after pulmonary lobectomy?\nAnswer: Regardless of surgical approach, atrial fibrillation after lobectomy occurred with equal frequency. This supports the theory that autonomic denervation and stress-mediated neurohumoral mechanisms are responsible for the pathogenesis of postoperative atrial fibrillation. Prophylaxis regimens against atrial fibrillation should be the same for either operative approach.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4bbeed956d0043218f9ec2703dd3b4b4", "input": "Question: Does inhalation injury in severely burned children augment the systemic inflammatory response?\nAnswer: In the present study, we show that an inhalation injury causes alterations in IL-7 and IL-12p70. There were no increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, indicating that an inhalation injury in addition to a burn injury does not augment the systemic inflammatory response early after burn.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f7c4669a53f04382929d3d6ef19b6ee0", "input": "Question: Do soy protein isolates of varied isoflavone content influence serum thyroid hormones in healthy young men?\nAnswer: Results of this study demonstrate that soy isoflavones in a protein matrix do not significantly influence circulating thyroid hormones in healthy young men.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-83eafa72dd264938a2c9d1770827facd", "input": "Question: Does gastroepiploic artery grafting improve the late outcome in patients with bilateral internal thoracic artery grafting?\nAnswer: In comparison with SVG grafting, GEA grafting to the right coronary artery did not significantly improve the late outcomes in patients with bilateral internal thoracic artery grafting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d6c79c032ec74bff8ac52b928d384c5e", "input": "Question: Is two hour mean GH superior to basal GH for the follow-up of acromegalic patients treated with Octreotide LAR?\nAnswer: There was no benefit to perform GH curves with the present protocol. It may be due to our established outpatient follow up protocol. The use of more complex protocols and the cost of multiple GH assays should be acknowledged, and probably reserved for patients with basal GH levels between 1 and 5 microg/L with discordant GH and IGF-I.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cfa5609815ee4eb5ac367cef0cf1dcf1", "input": "Question: Is differential regulation of gene products in newly synthesized Brassica napus allotetraploids related to protein function nor subcellular localization?\nAnswer: Protein identification showed that functionally related polypeptides (isoforms and complex subunits) could be differentially regulated in synthetic B. napus in comparison to its diploid progenitors while such proteins are usually expected to display co-regulation. The genetic redundancy within an allopolyploid could explain why functionally related proteins could display imbalanced levels of expression. No functional category, no metabolic pathway and no subcellular localization was found to be over- or under-represented within non-additive polypeptides, suggesting that the differential regulation of gene products was not related to functional properties of the proteins. Thus, at the protein level, there is no evidence for the \"genomic shock\" expected in neo-polyploids and the overall topology of protein networks and metabolic pathways is conserved in synthetic allotetraploids of B. napus in comparison to its diploid progenitors B. rapa and B. oleracea.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e53ca14b2934cdeb09d0a30d7037cda", "input": "Question: Does long term highly saturated fat diet induce NASH in Wistar rats?\nAnswer: Long term high saturated fat feeding led to increased \"peripheral\" fat storage and BAT thermogenesis but did not induce hepatic steatosis and NASH.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-091a8bd13ff8425bb642acd91429e0c9", "input": "Question: Do well-known quorum sensing inhibitors affect bacterial quorum sensing-regulated bean sprout spoilage?\nAnswer: Among the several well-known QSI compounds, only PenS-AHL and HepS-AHL, inhibited QS-regulated protease activity of Pectobacterium A2JM in broth cultures, but had no effect on bean sprout spoilage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ddb8b3a2f17435eaa430c8b49c1ad1e", "input": "Question: Does production of leukotriene C4 by peripheral blood leukocytes stimulated with anti-fcepsilonRI antibody , PMA , and fMLP correlate with irreversible airway obstruction in asthmatics?\nAnswer: Our results do not confirm the hypothesis that airway remodeling in asthma might be related to enhanced ability of leukocytes to produce cysteinyl leukotrienes in response to various stimuli.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5803e016780949b5bb52b91038595196", "input": "Question: Is [ Titanium-coated silicone effective for preventing graft infection ]?\nAnswer: The titanium-coated silicone grafts were not effective in protecting infection in vivo. The decreased tissue integration of titanium-coated grafts, however, might reduce the rate of capsular contracture. This potential advantage of titanium needs to be validated in controlled clinical trials.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-562dfef5a7224fc6b342346d03500e42", "input": "Question: Do gender differences in health-related quality of life following ST-elevation myocardial infarction : women and men benefit from primary percutaneous coronary intervention to the same degree?\nAnswer: Compared to fibrinolysis treatment in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, women do not seem to benefit from primary PCI to the same degree as men. Since previous studies have found no gender differences in clinical outcomes, this result may be specific to HRQoL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c0f468f713d7434e99ab16f3ad98f0db", "input": "Question: Does intranasal Helicobacter pylori colonization correlate with the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis?\nAnswer: Intranasal HP was more prevalent in patients with CRS than healthy controls. However, there was no significant correlation observed between the severity of sinusitis and intranasal HP colonization.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-15380ecd6dc94052875b0ec33ef7be7d", "input": "Question: Is feline aminopeptidase N a functional receptor for avian infectious bronchitis virus?\nAnswer: We conclude that fAPN is not a functional receptor for IBV, the identity of which is currently under investigation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-63ccb70d0d8e4f1d8f1da48568d3313b", "input": "Question: Are all-cause and cause-specific mortality in rheumatoid arthritis greater than expected when treated with tumour necrosis factor antagonists?\nAnswer: Morbidity, other than infection, and mortality are not higher than expected in patients with RA treated with TNF antagonists.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2bb78761f2034e81b90fc2ccae5ca88c", "input": "Question: Are interleukin-24 , RANTES and CCR5 gene polymorphisms associated with chronic adult periodontitis?\nAnswer: The interleukin-24, RANTES and CCR5 polymorphisms investigated are not associated with chronic periodontitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8104b7e47e7f474bae696e8de1fdab7c", "input": "Question: Do workers of a drywood termite work?\nAnswer: Thus, in contrast to general perception where termite workers are considered equivalent to workers in Hymenoptera, the 'large immatures' of C. secundus did not behave as workers that help in raising younger siblings. This apparently is not necessary as the colony lives inside its food. These results, which are likely to be typical for wood-dwelling termites, open the possibility that large complex group living can evolve without altruistic helping and that costly altruistic helping by workers in termites evolved only as a second step.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f3af1a699a2414597b6f4cb02dcfe2c", "input": "Question: Is degradation of the LDL receptors by PCSK9 mediated by a secreted protein acted upon by PCSK9 extracellularly?\nAnswer: Degradation of the LDLR by PCSK9 is not mediated by a secreted protein acted upon by PCSK9 extracellularly. Also the PCSK9-mediated degradation of the LDLR does not take place on the cell surface. Rather, the PCSK9-mediated degradation of the LDLR appears to take place intracellularly and occurs even when endocytosis through clathrin-coated pits is blocked by hypertonic medium.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8684f439cdb4605a8a41c9dae71f85d", "input": "Question: Is inflammatory bowel disease associated with increased intimal media thickening?\nAnswer: Despite chronic inflammation, IBD patients had IMT values similar to those of the controls. Thus, unlike other inflammatory diseases, IBD appears not to be a risk factor for accelerated atherosclerosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff92cc8db97c4e71bbf1dd02b7a2d4a2", "input": "Question: Am `` I frustrated anymore '' . Family doctors ' evaluation of a comprehensive training on partner abuse?\nAnswer: In order to improve doctors' awareness of partner abuse in daily practice, they must need first realize the scale of the problem and then become more comfortable in their own attitude and finally more confident in their ability to aid these patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-84922f76192a4027a912c63827f6b1f1", "input": "Question: Is sublingual immunotherapy with grass pollen effective in symptomatic youngsters in primary care?\nAnswer: Sublingual immunotherapy with grass pollen in a primary care setting is not effective in children and adolescents.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab2bbc7b6a45495498b235aa6aa66a90", "input": "Question: Is phosphoinositide 3-kinase overexpressed in melanocytic lesions?\nAnswer: PI3K is not overexpressed in melanocytic lesions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ffcd4180e7834833b8bb7fdbd706232b", "input": "Question: Does cinacalcet affect the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of warfarin?\nAnswer: Warfarin pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics were not affected in subjects treated with warfarin 25mg who received cinacalcet 30 mg twice daily, thus suggesting that dose adjustment is not required.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f8aef44e19fb427c94ecf1c65e73fbb0", "input": "Question: Does blood flow limit peritoneal transport?\nAnswer: Because the liver makes up a small part of the peritoneal area, we conclude that large drops in blood flow do not limit overall solute or water transfer across the peritoneum during dialysis, and therefore acute peritoneal dialysis may be an appropriate modality for ICU patients in shock and renal failure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a0c31a6343174fe3b852d8531ce2d794", "input": "Question: Are paraoxonase polymorphisms associated with cardiovascular risk in renal transplant recipients?\nAnswer: These data indicate that there is no association between the PON1 gene variants, conferring higher enzyme activity, and the increased cardiovascular risk in renal transplant recipients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-df6179354bb64f528c76f222ea9fc52b", "input": "Question: Do common mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 contribute to early prostate cancer in Jewish men?\nAnswer: The incidence of each of the germline mutations in these prostate cancer patients closely matched their incidence (about 1%) in the general Ashkenazi Jewish population. This suggests that unlike cases of breast and ovarian cancers, mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 do not significantly predispose men to prostate cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9a2e7cda2bb451093dac90076752e15", "input": "Question: Do serum IgG antibodies to human herpesvirus-6 ( HHV-6 ) predict the progression of HIV disease to AIDS . Italian Seroconversion Study group?\nAnswer: The presence of high levels of HHV-6 antibodies does not seem to predict the clinical or immunologic progression of HIV disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-756268b4ad5a4aa1956cdef358f065a5", "input": "Question: Is routine preoperative lymphoscintigraphy necessary prior to sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer?\nAnswer: Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy adds little additional information to intraoperative lymphatic mapping, and its routine use is not justified.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9cd8ed02a18d4716b2f82785fb56b010", "input": "Question: Are seizure frequency and duration of epilepsy risk factors for postoperative seizure outcome in patients with hippocampal sclerosis?\nAnswer: Clinical factors such as seizure frequency and duration of epilepsy are not risk factors for postoperative seizure recurrence.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-53f9baf02358487e8cc8e1eb95509958", "input": "Question: Does losartan-sensitive renal damage caused by chronic NOS inhibition involve increased renal angiotensin II concentrations?\nAnswer: Losartan-sensitive renal damage caused by chronic NOS inhibition does not involve increased renal Ang II concentrations. This suggests that the detrimental effects of endogenous Ang II are increased during chronic NOS inhibition. Thus, when NO levels are low, normal Ang II concentrations can cause renal injury and hypertension.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-531a62d08fae46a785e495017958d761", "input": "Question: Is nitric oxide-dependent renal vasodilatation altered in rat with rHuEpo-induced hypertension?\nAnswer: The analysis of our results seems to indicate that the endogenous NO system activity was enhanced in rHuEpo-induced hypertension in rats with normal renal function and a resistance to NO was not developed in renal circulation. Further studies seem to be necessary to better clarify the exact mechanisms underlying the development of rHuEpo-induced hypertension.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8dafec226ffd420aa11cf80f2cc54da9", "input": "Question: Is epidural analgesia for labor pain associated with a decreased frequency of uterine activity?\nAnswer: Properly and timely administered epidural analgesia during the first stage of labor has no effect on frequency of uterine activity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd169b70e82b46d4b97dfef59500f9dc", "input": "Question: Does the static rotator cuff affect inferior translation of the humerus at the glenohumeral joint?\nAnswer: The static contribution of the cuff muscles to the inferior stability of the shoulder is insignificant.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-655ca85f536a4e47937bccb9c0b04ec4", "input": "Question: Is the high-dose sequential ( Milan ) chemotherapy/PBSC transplantation regimen for patients with lymphoma cardiotoxic?\nAnswer: The HDS chemotherapy regimen produced no significant sign of cardiotoxicity up to one year after transplantation in patients with normal baseline cardiac function and no history of cardiac disease, pretreated with up to 550 mg/m2 of doxorubicin.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-42a14cc5cd414d05b86179d9d83828db", "input": "Question: Does down-regulation of vascular alpha1-adrenoceptors account for the loss of vascular responsiveness to catecholamines in experimental cholestasis?\nAnswer: Since the affinity and number of vascular alpha1-adrenoceptors were unchanged in the face of elevated plasma concentrations of catecholamines in the BDL rats, we have concluded that down-regulation of vascular alpha1-adrenoceptors does not account for the vascular adrenergic hyporesponsiveness in experimental cholestasis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-339e43983cde4d3db086eda18503d1ce", "input": "Question: Is complement receptor 1 red cell expression controlled by the In ( Lu ) gene?\nAnswer: Nine donors with the Lu(a-b-) phenotype showed suppression of the Lutheran system antigens but normal expression of CR1 glycoprotein and the Knops system blood group antigens. This suggests that the genes that suppress Lutheran system antigens do not suppress CR1 or its related blood group antigens.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9347332d39e4702bc2f756dcfd2191a", "input": "Question: Does a cytotoxic phenotype predict clinical outcome in anaplastic large cell lymphomas?\nAnswer: In primary biopsies of patients with ALCL, the presence of a cytotoxic phenotype is not related to clinical outcome of the disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e13dc08714c54480ab888ddcab83cc36", "input": "Question: Does topical pharyngeal anesthesia improve upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in conscious sedated patients?\nAnswer: In patients undergoing diagnostic upper endoscopy using intravenous midazolam and meperidine, the use of topical pharyngeal anesthesia does not improve patient tolerance or procedure performance. Elimination of this agent in the performance of diagnostic upper endoscopy will save time and money without adversely affecting patient care or outcomes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0530722fe30a42b4b25c81f5f75f1644", "input": "Question: Is extrarenal disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus suppressed by chronic renal insufficiency or renal replacement therapy?\nAnswer: Patients with SLE who develop CRI, or who receive RRT, continue to display evidence of ongoing extrarenal disease activity. Such patients require careful longterm followup for management of their extrarenal disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-681eb59ca36640f282fc55e12a3e70c0", "input": "Question: Is helicobacter pylori associated with the manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease?\nAnswer: Helicobacter pylori plays no role in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease or its complications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d6c18c61949410eb7f31a3645919675", "input": "Question: Does prolonged low-dose infusion of human parathyroid hormone increase femoral cancellous bone volume in ovariectomized rats?\nAnswer: These results support the absolute requirement of daily injections for the osteogenic action of hPTH on bone.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-325e492a26d346d6a12f6a0cc8200395", "input": "Question: Does bypassing spermiogenesis for several generations have detrimental consequences on the fertility and neurobehavior of offspring : a study using the mouse?\nAnswer: In this study, we found no evidence that bypassing the natural biological processes involved in spermiogenesis produces adverse effects on the growth, fertility, or behavior of mouse offspring.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-20952d914510483a8b2ce4a0e0762996", "input": "Question: Do why patients attend cardiac rehabilitation : role of intentions and illness beliefs?\nAnswer: It should now be determined whether interventions aimed at optimising certain perceptions could promote cardiac rehabilitation uptake among those patients who could benefit the most.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d3aa76a0dc364277952f2b9bebf6d454", "input": "Question: Do colony-stimulating factor-1 and its receptor have a role in the pathogenesis of uterine sarcomas?\nAnswer: In contradistinction to endometrial adenocarcinomas, in which CSF-1/CSF-1R is strongly correlated with tumor progression, CSF-1 and CSF-1R overexpression does not appear to play a role in the growth and differentiation of uterine sarcomas.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb8fe553331542c0b1b52abb043e3b41", "input": "Question: Is histology classification a predictor of clinical outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) treated with vinorelbine or gemcitabine combinations?\nAnswer: These results suggest that histology may not be considered as a predictor of clinical outcome using these drugs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bcbbb7fb3ac34e13a5b1540289216ab8", "input": "Question: Is geographic access to care a determinant of child mortality in a rural Kenyan setting with high health facility density?\nAnswer: Significant spatial variations in mortality were observed across the area, but were not correlated with distance to health facilities. We conclude that given the present density of health facilities in Kenya, geographic access to curative services does not influence population-level mortality.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f84f20fcaf0a43b3aea066cbbc1d9fad", "input": "Question: Do maximal sterile barrier precautions reduce catheter-related bloodstream infections in general surgery units : a multi-institutional randomized controlled trial?\nAnswer: This study is larger in sample size than the one performed by Raad et al and could not demonstrate better prevention of CRBSIs by MSBP compared with SSBP. A large randomized controlled trial or at least a meta-analysis of any other studies in the literature is necessary to reach to a conclusion on this issue.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-09acb514bc364350a330e065eca2ee3e", "input": "Question: Is apoptosis involved in the mechanism of myocardial dysfunction after resuscitation in a rat model of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation?\nAnswer: Myocardial function was significantly impaired after cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation and ischemia/reperfusion. However, apoptosis was not involved in the mechanism of postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction in this setting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2dbc403e315448e683847c847d2d23c5", "input": "Question: Do random texts exhibit the real Zipf 's law-like rank distribution?\nAnswer: The good fit of random texts to real Zipf's law-like rank distributions has not yet been established. Therefore, we suggest that Zipf's law might in fact be a fundamental law in natural languages.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d0de16fa18cd489f808f397ae8c5f836", "input": "Question: Does critical appraisal of : The endotracheal tube air leak test predict extubation outcome in critically ill pediatric patients . Pediatr Crit Care Med 2008 ; 9:490-496?\nAnswer: Pediatric patients who are otherwise candidates for extubation but do not have an endotracheal airleak may successfully be extubated.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ee0623543ec49619c9cf697e84ae403", "input": "Question: Is routine TORCH screening warranted in neonates with subependymal cysts?\nAnswer: The co-occurrence of TORCH congenital infections in infants with SEC is rare. Routine TORCH screening in neonates with SEC does not seem warranted.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-958969f23cea4ecdbe5ab26eefd5cb3f", "input": "Question: Is the reproductive outcome of female patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 ( DM1 ) undergoing PGD affected by the size of the expanded CTG repeat tract?\nAnswer: There is no evidence of an effect of trinucleotide repeat length on reproductive outcome in patients undergoing ICSI and PGD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-096abea50ff248789fe715cf2b268b0e", "input": "Question: Do serotonin and melatonin play a prominent role in the growth of prostate cancer cell lines?\nAnswer: Serotonin receptor antagonists and agonists as well as MLT influence viability and apoptosis of PCa cell lines at supraphysiologic concentrations. In contrast to other reports, our results do not support a regulatory role of serotonin or MLT receptor activation or inhibition in PCa growth.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e94fa749027e4942ad52362742ad161d", "input": "Question: Is quality of Care Within a Trauma Center Altered by Injury Type?\nAnswer: : Risk-adjusted outcomes are consistent within trauma centers across different types of injuries, suggesting that quality improvement efforts should measure, analyze, and focus on hospital-wide systems of care, rather than on isolated quality domains related to specific types of injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc190d6da2814e18af75e597ee652079", "input": "Question: Does cheating explain selective differences at high and low relatedness in a social amoeba?\nAnswer: These results suggest that social competition and something beyond solitary growth differences occurs during the vegetative stage when amoebae eat bacteria and divide by binary fission. The high degree of repeatability of our results indicates that these effects are strong and points to the importance of new approaches to studying interactions in D. discoideum.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c190bd3bf395461e952b22e921651eeb", "input": "Question: Is measurement of abdominal symptoms by validated questionnaire : a 3-month recall timeframe as recommended by Rome III superior to a 1-year recall timeframe?\nAnswer: The revised Talley-BDQ is reliable, with excellent reproducibility and validity. There were few differences in reported symptom rates between the 3-month and 1-year recall time versions of the questionnaire. A 1-year recall time may more efficiently capture infrequent or subtle symptoms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fb5c848dcf254b9fab15697b596c8fb6", "input": "Question: Is azathioprine or mercaptopurine-induced acute pancreatitis a disease-specific phenomenon?\nAnswer: In this study, the alleged higher cumulative incidence of thiopurine-induced acute pancreatitis in Crohn's disease compared with vasculitis or UC patients was not confirmed. Female gender appears to be a risk factor for developing thiopurine-induced acute pancreatitis in IBD patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-15f5275aa2de4905ac86d248987d603b", "input": "Question: Does prior use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors affect outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage?\nAnswer: In conclusion, our study does not support a possible neuroprotective effect for ACEI use prior to the occurrence of ICH.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-66eaa316b99146c3a5cae9664e2f6a88", "input": "Question: Are anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies associated with familial Mediterranean fever?\nAnswer: Our results show that anti-CCP antibodies are not associated with FMF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5674518ee071402b89dee18af368952c", "input": "Question: Does informed consent document improvement increase patients ' comprehension in biomedical research?\nAnswer: We failed to show that improving IC document comprehension through a lexicosyntactic approach or by a working group leads to better comprehension.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5cef759b329442784ba5eb67c4af0fd", "input": "Question: Are postpartum bipolar episodes distinct from spontaneous episodes : implications for DSM-V?\nAnswer: The present study does not take account of potential factors that may influence the outcome of a postpartum episode, including obstetric complications and social support before delivery. Similarly, dimensional and qualitative aspects of bipolar disorder were not included in our analysis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c402cbde3ac54ffbbf8540642668e4cd", "input": "Question: Does endothelin receptor subtype A blockade affect the haemodynamic recovery from haemorrhage during xenon/remifentanil or isoflurane/remifentanil anaesthesia in dogs?\nAnswer: Selective ET(A) receptor blockade with atrasentan did not impair the haemodynamic and hormonal compensation of acute haemorrhage during X/R or I/R anaesthesia in dogs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa4b162ac8b9450cae9f3d5362b26643", "input": "Question: Is qT dispersion related to infarct size or inducibility in patients with coronary artery disease and life threatening ventricular arrhythmias?\nAnswer: QT parameters are not influenced by infarct size and do not predict inducibility during electrophysiological study in patients with coronary artery disease and malignant ventricular arrhythmias. In contrast, the amount of scar tissue determined by perfusion imaging is strongly correlated with inducibility.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5678d67287ca49d7bf7a925e5de9435b", "input": "Question: Do postmenopausal women without previous or current vasomotor symptoms flush after abruptly abandoning estrogen replacement therapy?\nAnswer: Postmenopausal women without previous or current vasomotor symptoms did not develop such symptoms when estrogen replacement therapy was first instituted and then abruptly stopped. Probably other factors than the rate with which estrogen concentrations decrease determine whether or not a woman will develop vasomotor symptoms. Evidently, estrogens can be prescribed to a woman who has no vasomotor symptoms, without much risk of inducing such symptoms if she decides to abandon therapy, even after 3 months of treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c460b4bb39074d15b662fed29e256f86", "input": "Question: Does tissue plasminogen activator increase neuronal damage in rat models of global and focal ischemia?\nAnswer: Despite sublethal insults, with moderate injury induced by ischemia, there was no evidence that increasing doses of tPA exacerbated ischemic injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f68a97afa2b4460e91931ce5e7d7d63b", "input": "Question: Is overexpression of p53 associated with drug resistance of gastric cancers to 5-fluorouracil-based systemic chemotherapy?\nAnswer: Our data suggested that the overexpression of p53 does not predict drug resistance to 5-FU of human gastric cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa4fbf392e2740339a76d99d8658d0aa", "input": "Question: Is physiological saline a biocompatible peritoneal dialysis solution?\nAnswer: 1) Daily infusion of physiological saline into peritoneal cavity may increase the peritoneal lymphatic flow; 2) The significant (apparent) increase in IPV shortly after infusion may suggest increased RISA binding to peritoneal tissues (which may be related to the damage of the tissues, and results in overestimation of the peritoneal fluid absorption rate); 3) Saline is not a biocompatible peritoneal dialysis solution, and should therefore not be used as a control or flush solution.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a1174644e3245a18084cdbcdbbc58d5", "input": "Question: Are thyroid vascularity and blood flow dependent on serum thyroid hormone levels : studies in vivo by color flow doppler sonography?\nAnswer: An increase in both intrathyroidal vascularity and blood velocity was observed in patients with spontaneous hyperthyroidism but not in thyrotoxicosis due to either ingestion of thyroid hormones or to a thyroidal destructive process. The slightly increased vascularity and blood velocity observed in patients with hypothyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis suggests that thyroid stimulation by either TSH-receptor antibody or TSH is responsible for the increased thyroid blood flow.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e24a5d0d9c3044e290a46ed88bce8c77", "input": "Question: Does high-dose preoperative radiotherapy alter the strength of unilaterally irradiated colon anastomoses in rats?\nAnswer: After high doses of preoperative radiotherapy, colon anastomoses in rats can be safely constructed if only one anastomotic segment is irradiated. The strength of bilaterally irradiated colon anastomoses is dose-dependent.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3dd087605a4543f1a29ecc97250492f1", "input": "Question: Are cytoprotective effects of hematopoietic growth factors on primary human acute myeloid leukemias mediated through changes in BCL-2 , bax , or p21WAF1/CIP1?\nAnswer: These data indicate that HGF-mediated inhibition of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in primary AML samples is not mediated through changes in Bcl-2, bax, and p21WAF1/CIP1 protein levels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f59cef107ba3431f8a7551647a5c7222", "input": "Question: Does bedtime ranitidine eliminate the need for a second daily dose of omeprazole to suppress nocturnal gastric pH?\nAnswer: Bedtime ranitidine does not eliminate the need for an evening dose of omeprazole to control intragastric pH in patients requiring more than a single daily dose of omeprazole.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe420e567cb24bffbebf87a42dcefb56", "input": "Question: Does pancreatic growth after pancreatico-biliary diversion increase the capacity to secrete amylase?\nAnswer: PBD evoked hyperplastic changes in the rat pancreas and decreased the concentrations of amylase, trypsin and lipase. However, the capacity of acinar cells to secrete amylase remained intact. The stimulated pancreatic secretion was not changed in volume, but the output of amylase was low in PBD-operated rats. The findings are consistent with the idea that the enlargement of the pancreas following PBD does not improve the secretory capacity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e7435aee97cb4df1901c3b3ac5a71091", "input": "Question: Is human endogenous retrovirus with a high genomic sequence homology with IDDMK ( 1,2 ) 22 specific for Type I ( insulin-dependent ) diabetic patients but ubiquitous?\nAnswer: We conclude that a human endogenous retroviral gene with high sequence homology with IDDMK(1,2)22 is not specific for diabetic patients but, rather, is ubiquitous.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-556795e80fca425d9e93b00e55f16c32", "input": "Question: Does dynamic measurement of intrinsic PEEP represent the lowest intrinsic PEEP?\nAnswer: The value of PEEPi-dyn was dependent on ventilatory settings, and PEEPi-dyn does not necessarily represent the lowest regional PEEPi within the lungs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8c040546747e4f918860f41398ef68e1", "input": "Question: Does combined oestrogen-progestogen replacement therapy inhibit low-density lipoprotein oxidation in postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: Combined oestrogen and progestogen therapy for 6 months in postmenopausal women does not protect LDL against oxidation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e26d9e31f774a22be7f80447260500b", "input": "Question: Is impaired fasting glucose a risk factor for atherosclerosis?\nAnswer: In our case-control study IFG alone was not related to increased IMT. Only IFG in a combination with IGT exhibited atherosclerotic changes of the carotid arteries. IFG is not analogous to IGT as a risk factor for atherosclerosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-173d2093e1114b859d561592092dee47", "input": "Question: Does salbutamol pretreatment change eosinophil percentage and eosinophilic cationic protein concentration in hypertonic saline-induced sputum in asthmatic subjects?\nAnswer: Salbutamol pretreatment reduces the severity of bronchoconstriction induced by HS inhalation without significantly affecting the percentages of inflammatory cells and the levels of soluble mediators in induced sputum.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-34792a9006c84e2d958442ca04258bb4", "input": "Question: Does serum HCV RNA titer predict the severity of liver damage in HCV carriers with normal aminotransferase levels?\nAnswer: In HCV carriers with normal aminotransferase levels viraemia does not predict the grade of HCV-related chronic liver disease (CLD), although subjects with higher HCV RNA levels seem to have more severe fibrosis. Although these data suggest that patients with higher viraemia might have more intense architectural changes and more severe progression of liver disease than those with lower levels of HCV replication, the weak and imprecise correlation leads us to conclude that HCV RNA quantitation is not a useful indicator in clinical practice in the selection of patients for liver biopsy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3313511a97d64344a45ca9ad8e5c364e", "input": "Question: Are abdominal symptoms related to anorectal function in the irritable bowel syndrome?\nAnswer: Abdominal symptoms and anorectal function are not related in IBS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f94a39b9469543faab68d5bb0aaecbde", "input": "Question: Is parathyroid hormone a key hormone in the rapid minute-to-minute regulation of plasma Ca2+ homeostasis in rats?\nAnswer: PTH is not a key hormone in the rapid recovery of p-Ca2+ after induction of hypocalcaemia, but might, however, set the long-term levels of p-Ca2+ maintained by mammalian organisms. The involvement of an as yet unknown factor in the rapid regulation of p-Ca2+ is suggested.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a35f0d16ce714a5f87f1b63f61414665", "input": "Question: Are elevated levels of serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin specific for alcohol abuse in patients with liver disease?\nAnswer: Thus, in a patient with a negative interview for chronic alcohol abuse and normal carbohydrate deficient transferrin level, alcohol is unlikely to be the cause of liver disease, and further investigations to establish the etiology of liver disease are warranted. An increased carbohydrate deficient transferrin level, however, cannot be regarded as reliable evidence for chronic alcohol abuse in patients with liver disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6eb5767506bf445b9b8ff7fc045e383e", "input": "Question: Does thromboxane receptor blockade attenuate pulmonary pressor response in porcine single lung transplantation?\nAnswer: Thromboxane does not seem to be among the principal mediators in the pulmonary hypertension after transplantation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6143cf7d894149dfad0706d161011cc1", "input": "Question: Is the stimulation of mononuclear cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis to degrade articular cartilage modulated by cartilage itself?\nAnswer: Cartilage constituents released from mildly damaged cartilage tissue, as may be present during the early events of RA. do not modulate the catabolic activity of RA MNC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9cd63a913ea42b99e6942c6b46751f4", "input": "Question: Does gender affect the degree of induction of tirilazad clearance by phenobarbital?\nAnswer: The results show that phenobarbital induces metabolism of tirilazad and U-89678 similarly in both men and women. Lower levels of tirilazad and U-89678 in SAH patients receiving phenobarbital may adversely impact clinical response.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4a099637b0c4f56af995bb5622f4139", "input": "Question: Does apolipoprotein E genotype influence rates of cognitive decline in Alzheimer 's disease?\nAnswer: These results indicate that the mechanism placing individuals with an epsilon 4 allele at risk for developing AD does not influence the rate of cognitive decline. These observations imply that the influence of apoE epsilon 4 either precedes or occurs at an early point in the AD disease process.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0201816412ce4790a4df2a77898b1d10", "input": "Question: Is propionylcarnitine excretion affected by metronidazole administration to patients with disorders of propionate metabolism?\nAnswer: These results suggest an extra-hepatic source and/or differing compartmentation for PC formation from those for the production of other metabolites of propionyl-CoA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5e770f941dc461b842e65ca3dee29e6", "input": "Question: Does an oligosaccharide sialyl-Lewis ( x ) analogue reduce myocardial infarct size after ischemia and reperfusion in dogs?\nAnswer: We conclude that CY-1503 does not substantially or consistently reduce myocardial infarct size or neutrophil accumulation in dogs subjected to ischemia followed by a prolonged period (48 hours) of reperfusion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-497592e54dfd4e99876d1d62d3365bc9", "input": "Question: Does six-month overnight administration of intraperitoneal amino acids improve lean mass?\nAnswer: Reduction in the amount of glucose in the peritoneal dialysate and the addition of amino acids decreases, whereas continuous dialysis with overnight glucose increases upper body fat over a 6-month period. However, no changes in protein stores were observed with the addition of amino acids. Therefore overnight peritoneal dialysis with amino acids offers minor advantages to protein-malnourished patients on CAPD, but may be of benefit in overweight CAPD patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-75775dcac1214db7a70ef744b7c4c309", "input": "Question: Does pretreatment p53 immunoreactivity infer radioresistance in prostate cancer patients?\nAnswer: No disadvantage regarding survival was seen for patients with p53 immunoreactive tumors, implicating that p53 immunoreactivity does not infer radioresistance in prostate cancer. This suggests that the p53 inactivation may be a less important determinant of tumor response to radiotherapy in some human cancers than in the previously studied experimental situations. Thus, other mechanisms may be more important in determining outcome after radiation. However, the series is small and data should be interpreted with caution.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-27095e44e9394d73a80aae2b4d7c9dc7", "input": "Question: Does aspirin potentiate effect of suboptimal dose of the thrombin inhibitor inogatran during coronary thrombolysis?\nAnswer: These data show that high dose of direct thrombin inhibitor inogatran shortens time to reflow and abolishes coronary artery reocclusion. However, aspirin does not potentiate the effect of suboptimal doses of inogatran.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7bb5cc8f3d1c4101873e6476fcfb1cea", "input": "Question: Does irbesartan treatment influence plasma levels of the advanced glycation end products N ( epsilon ) ( 1-carboxymethyl ) lysine and N ( epsilon ) ( 1-carboxyethyl ) lysine in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria . A randomized controlled trial?\nAnswer: Long-term irbesartan treatment does not influence plasma levels of the AGE CML and CEL in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-53eba9663551487788392172fdf314dc", "input": "Question: Is exhaled breath condensate sampling a new method for detection of respiratory viruses?\nAnswer: Although very promising, EBC collection using the RTube\u2122 is not reliable for diagnosis of respiratory infections.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a27c65cb229741fcb6b544277d84b9d2", "input": "Question: Does topical gentamicin provide any additional anastomotic strength when combined with fibrin glue?\nAnswer: The combination of topical gentamicin and fibrin glue had little effect because the combination did not provide additional anastomotic strength or decrease the number of adhesions when compared with fibrin glue alone.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-696df0fb79ca4ca49ad97764f062b849", "input": "Question: Is cardiac autonomic neuropathy in patients with uraemia related to pre-diabetes?\nAnswer: The prevalence of CAN and impaired glucose tolerance is high in uraemic patients, but impaired glucose tolerance seems to play no significant role in the aetiology of CAN in uraemic patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-07094829c24543b1b24598c131f26a03", "input": "Question: Are mutational status of KIT and PDGFRA and expression of PDGFRA associated with prognosis after curative resection of primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors ( GISTs )?\nAnswer: Our data do not support the notion that expression of PDGFRA or mutations in KIT or PDGFRA are independent prognostic factors after curative resection of primary GIST.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5293cadd934f45b188a397dec25c2884", "input": "Question: Does the risk of coronary thrombosis with cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors vary with polymorphisms in two regions of the cyclo-oxygenase-2 gene?\nAnswer: We found little evidence of a gene/drug interaction. We found a statistically non-significant trend toward a lower risk of coronary events with NSAIDs in the presence of the 'low risk' haplotype. Even if confirmed, the clinical utility of the finding would be limited as this haplotype is carried by a minority of the population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-14d528bc61be4353828221fb7cf216f1", "input": "Question: Does spironolactone prevent acute mountain sickness : a prospective , double-blind , randomized , placebo-controlled trial by SPACE Trial Group ( spironolactone and acetazolamide trial in the prevention of acute mountain sickness group )?\nAnswer: Spironolactone (50 mg BID) was ineffective in comparison to acetazolamide (250 mg BID) in the prevention of AMS in partially acclimatized western trekkers ascending to 5000 m in the Nepali Himalaya.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed272cd95ef04192ae133e084981ff10", "input": "Question: Does phenazopyridine improve catheter discomfort following gynecologic surgery?\nAnswer: Postoperative VAS scores and pain medicine usage did not change with using routine phenazopyridine following gynecology surgery. Colored dye adequately masks visual side effects of phenazopyridine.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9746951969f4e119064140ca7bfd8c5", "input": "Question: Are diagnostic yield of percutaneous image-guided tissue biopsy of focal hepatic lesions in cancer patients : ten percent metastases from the primary malignancy?\nAnswer: If all liver lesions had been assumed to be metastases, as expected secondary to the known primary tumor, then the true or presumed alternate diagnosis would have been missed in 60 (10.3%) of the 580 cases. The authors did not attempt to determine whether actual clinical management changed based on these 60 liver biopsy results, so this number is an upper bound on management change. On the basis of these results, and given the minimal complication rate of liver biopsy, the authors suggest that liver biopsy should still be performed in the types of cases studied here, despite the finding that the vast majority of biopsies produced the expected result and presumably did not change patient management.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dc50d44cee12442f99d04ae16555b406", "input": "Question: Does treatment with the immunomodulator FTY720 promote spontaneous bacterial infections after experimental stroke in mice?\nAnswer: Our results corroborate the experimental evidence of the protective effect of FTY720 seen in different rodent stroke models. Interestingly, we found no increase in bacterial lung infections even though FTY720 strongly reduces the number of circulating leukocytes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c123f6bcc50436d90a3e8ab3bb18051", "input": "Question: Do modifications of the ABCD2 score improve the risk stratification of transient ischemic attack patients?\nAnswer: Modifications of the ABCD2 score changed the risk category for few patients and did not improve the overall predictive value of the score.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b3d6b249b82448ae964b67b148ca17f7", "input": "Question: Is inguinal hernia repair in patients with cirrhosis associated with increased risk of complications and recurrence?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that the incidence of postoperative complications and long-term recurrence after inguinal hernia repair in LC patients does not differ from that in non-LC patients. Elective repair of symptomatic inguinal hernia in patients with cirrhosis should be advocated.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d8f7e17142e46a89fea3b976be36339", "input": "Question: Does anticoagulant or aspirin treatment affect the positive predictive value of an immunological fecal occult blood test in patients undergoing colorectal cancer screening : results from a nested in a cohort case-control study?\nAnswer: The positive predictive value of i-FOBT for significant neoplasia is not affected by ongoing anticoagulant or chronic low-dose aspirin therapy. This finding suggests that there is no need to interrupt these treatments before i-FOBT for CRC screening.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e6e213a632ce433093382871cfaed139", "input": "Question: Is contemporary revision penile prosthesis surgery associated with a high risk of implant colonization or infection : a single-surgeon series?\nAnswer: In our series, the infection risk associated with revision of malfunctioning devices was no greater than primary implant placement. Rerouting was associated with a higher infection risk, likely due to technical factors, and not implant colonization. Less than 10% of our revision implants were colonized, and this had no bearing on the development of a postoperative infection. S. epidermidis was not the most common organism implicated in device infections. Finally, our experience with an adjuvant, alcohol-based skin prep warrants further randomized prospective evaluation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aba8defaf0f1497a91d094107d8f7dc5", "input": "Question: Does [ Pre-operative smoking cessation always reduce the incidence of surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery ]?\nAnswer: Pre-operative smoking cessation does not reduce the incidence of SSI. However, since continuation of smoking has no benefits for the safety of surgery, anesthesiologists must advice patients to quit smoking before surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4ae1eb11d443449eb4dee12eba9e3c0d", "input": "Question: Does protein intake increase vastus lateralis muscle protein synthesis during cycling?\nAnswer: We conclude that consuming protein during prolonged bicycle exercise does not increase protein synthesis within highly active leg muscles. However, protein intake may have stimulated protein synthesis within less active leg muscles and/or other nonmuscle leg tissue. Finally, protein supplementation, during exercise and recovery, enhanced postexercise muscle protein synthesis and resulted in positive leg protein net balance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d6f5cc64eacf46b78755ef36e2a78b3a", "input": "Question: Does the use of recombinant erythropoietin for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced anemia in patients with ovarian cancer affect progression-free or overall survival?\nAnswer: The current results indicated that there was no difference in cancer-related PFS or OS with use of ESA in this cohort of women treated for ovarian cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5f12d110bd54ffca7097ef2506c054d", "input": "Question: Does rosiglitazone improve vascular function in subjects with chronic kidney disease?\nAnswer: Short-term RSG therapy reduced insulin resistance, in vivo markers of inflammation and abnormal endothelial function but had no effect on arterial function and stiffness in patients with CKD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d91e739b6b4b4e9f9967c1409ea95b67", "input": "Question: Does prolonged use of wind or brass instruments alter lung function in musicians?\nAnswer: The results suggest that W/B musicians' do not have altered respiratory function when compared to a non-musical control group. However, increased R(rs6) may indicate inflammatory, remodelling or other pathophysiological processes associated with W/B playing. Although the difference between groups was small it warrants further investigation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-30d804c6dda849a8ab6b7d1a35eff8ed", "input": "Question: Do several mechanical manipulations of the wall of the inner ear affect air and bone conduction auditory thresholds?\nAnswer: It is likely that an alternative mode of cochlear excitation is possible.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-11b9456ea9f84fcebb6fa3339252ea7a", "input": "Question: Does common large partial VWF gene deletion cause alloantibody formation in the Hungarian type 3 von Willebrand disease population?\nAnswer: We report the genetic background of the entire Hungarian type 3 VWD population. A large novel deletion, most probably due to a founder effect, seems to be unique to Hungarian type 3 VWD patients with high allele frequency. In contrast to previous reports, none of the five patients homozygous for the large partial deletion developed inhibitors to VWF. This discrepancy raises the possibility of selection bias in some of the reports.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2a21cc40cf654cb48600a681134967fd", "input": "Question: Do monogamy and high relatedness preferentially favor the evolution of cooperation?\nAnswer: The solitary ancestral species to cooperative breeders may have been predominantly monogamous, but it cannot be concluded that monogamy is a predisposing state for the evolution of helping behavior. Monogamy may simply be coincidental to other more important life history characteristics such as nest defense or sequential provisioning of offspring. The differing predictive outcome from a gene-based model also supports arguments that inclusive fitness formulations poorly model some evolutionary questions. Nevertheless, cooperation only evolves when benefits are provided for kin: helping alleles did not increase in frequency in the absence of potential gains in indirect fitness. The key question, therefore, is not whether kin selection occurs, but how best to elucidate the differing evolutionary advantages of genetic relatedness versus genetic diversity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-706a18639bec48939bec280e80dfc90a", "input": "Question: Does cYP3A5 genotype influence everolimus in vitro metabolism and clinical pharmacokinetics in renal transplant recipients?\nAnswer: This study provides direct and indirect evidence that CYP3A5 genotyping cannot help improve everolimus therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e892ca02bb3a4d74ba7b5af02d389b1f", "input": "Question: Are subjects with molecularly defined familial hypercholesterolemia or familial defective apoB-100 being adequately treated?\nAnswer: The majority of FH/FDB subjects are being diagnosed late in life and are not being adequately treated. In order to prevent them from contracting premature coronary heart disease, it is key that levels of LDL cholesterol are normalized from a young age and that sufficient doses of lipid-lowering drugs are being used.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f08ec9c220e443aa2d84c489ecfc592", "input": "Question: Is cerebral acetylcholinesterase activity decreased in MS patients with cognitive impairment?\nAnswer: In the patient group regional AChE activities had inverse correlations with Word learning and MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) scores. In the group of cognitively deteriorated MS patients no change in cerebral AChE activity, compared with controls, was observed, but within the patient group more pronounced cognitive symptoms were associated with higher cerebral AChE activity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8bdb1cbc4f944ac297fb73fc1a0a06b2", "input": "Question: Is cinnabar converted into methylmercury by human intestinal bacteria?\nAnswer: These results showed that under gut flora conditions cinnabar would be transformed into mercuric polysulfides rather than methylmercury. Our work provides evidences of nontoxic transformation of cinnabar in the human intestinal bacteria.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5f9885a260744fba35abd4fc0230575", "input": "Question: Are occult and previous hepatitis B virus infection associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in United States patients with chronic hepatitis C?\nAnswer: Although almost half the patients in the HALT-C Trial had serological evidence of previous HBV infection, there was no difference in prevalence of anti-HBc in serum or HBV DNA in liver between patients who did or did not develop HCC. In the United States, neither previous nor occult HBV infection is an important factor in HCC development among patients with advanced chronic hepatitis C.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e267e476c3f2432cb11ac5fda3ad0883", "input": "Question: Is preoperative hypogonadism an independent predictor of high-risk disease in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy?\nAnswer: In contrast with previous reports, preoperative circulating TT levels were not associated with high-risk PCa. Likewise, hypogonadism did not achieve independent predictor status for high-risk PCa.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4cf7db7de91b49668796b9f6840cfc7a", "input": "Question: Does a pediatric amino acid solution for total parenteral nutrition affect liver function test results in neonates?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that this amino acid solution for pediatrics has no significant effect on LFTs in neonates, even when high doses of amino acids (3.5 g/kg per day) are infused.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c82c107d904c410697e7290438acd06a", "input": "Question: Is variation in the fatty acid binding protein 2 gene associated with markers of metabolic syndrome in patients with coronary heart disease?\nAnswer: The Ala54Thr polymorphism of the FABP2 gene is not associated with CHD, markers of the metabolic syndrome, or the fatty acid profile of serum lipids in Finnish CHD patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-23e59ab2cd644b6da8c879673f406fd6", "input": "Question: Does in human IgA nephropathy uteroglobin play the role inferred from transgenic mice?\nAnswer: This first report of human IgA nephropathy after the publication of the mouse model shows that UG is not reduced in circulation and is even increased in IgA-Fn complexes. Because aberrant IgA1 glycosylation is the event initiating IgA nephropathy in humans, we speculate that the enhanced incorporation of UG into IgA-Fn complexes might represent feedback to reduce the formation of macromolecular aggregates.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1786bb3d7784453ebe9518cbe0ba62f2", "input": "Question: Is a single-center review of the death notification form : discontinuing dialysis before death a surrogate for withdrawal from dialysis?\nAnswer: There is physician variability in interpretation of discontinuation of dialysis before death. Thirty percent of patients who discontinued dialysis therapy before death died 3 or fewer days from their last dialysis treatment, making uremia an unlikely cause of death, but suggesting that nephrologists wanted to note that a decision not to continue dialysis therapy had been made before the patient died. Discontinuing dialysis therapy as noted on the death notification form is not a surrogate for withdrawal from dialysis as a cause of death. Providing criteria for reporting discontinuing dialysis therapy would allow us to clarify the incidence of withdrawal from dialysis as a cause of death.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-46460cf7ba034082a4434820b06272b4", "input": "Question: Is thinking life worth living . A population survey of Great Britain?\nAnswer: Reducing psychiatric morbidity in the population as a whole might also decrease the frequency of suicidal thoughts. Policies which improve social support at a population level might also have a large impact on prevalence of suicidal thoughts.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fec2276c660d4c239a9a95280c67b073", "input": "Question: Is mycoplasma genitalium associated with adverse outcomes of pregnancy in Guinea-Bissau?\nAnswer: M genitalium appears not to have a deleterious impact on the outcome of pregnancy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-407021f38dd342a699d4986d253aacf3", "input": "Question: Is the pregnancy-related decrease in fasting plasma homocysteine explained by folic acid supplementation , hemodilution , or a decrease in albumin in a longitudinal study?\nAnswer: This study refutes the previous explanations for the reduction in plasma tHcy known to occur in pregnancy, namely, folic acid supplementation, hemodilution, and a decrease in serum albumin. We suggest that the changes may be endocrine-based.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dfdcdd76c139482eb50a6a01e9a47d77", "input": "Question: Is the plane of first cleavage related to the distribution of sperm components in the mouse?\nAnswer: The present findings challenge the claim that the sperm specifies the plane of first cleavage, and also question the methodology on which it was based.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b50412379e84fe88841f6fb106fd6c2", "input": "Question: Do age and copper intake affect copper absorption , measured with the use of 65Cu as a tracer , in young infants?\nAnswer: Copper absorption in young infants is high but does not respond to copper intake within the range tested.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-02c3a72e5c6644c0899f017c2b0b3c92", "input": "Question: Does epinephrine reduce the plasma concentration of lidocaine during continuous epidural infusion in children?\nAnswer: Reduction of the potential for systemic toxicity by the addition of epinephrine to lidocaine is limited, because the reduction of the sum of the plasma concentrations of lidocaine and its active metabolite MEGX is small and limited to the initial phase of infusion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a44cbe31cccb4932b05ab6473dab6383", "input": "Question: Does alfentanil increase resistance of the respiratory system in ASA I patients ventilated mechanically during general anesthesia?\nAnswer: No respiratory adverse effect was reported after alfentanil iv administration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3981deb2514b46608881e1d85ad781f0", "input": "Question: Do sex steroids affect shigatoxin cytotoxicity on human renal tubular or glomerular cells?\nAnswer: These data do not support the notion that hormonal changes associated with puberty induce an Stx-resistant state within kidney cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce907f77748d4cf48a500ae8ab1c2e79", "input": "Question: Do leukocyte and bacterial counts correlate with severity of symptoms in men with chronic prostatitis : the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Cohort Study?\nAnswer: Although men with chronic prostatitis routinely receive anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial therapy, we found that leukocytes and bacterial counts as we defined them do not correlate with severity of symptoms. These findings suggest that factors other than leukocytes and bacteria also contribute to symptoms associated with chronic pelvic pain syndrome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b8d9b7660a146f78962870ad9a302f4", "input": "Question: Does small carbon monoxide formation in absorbents correlate with small carbon dioxide absorption?\nAnswer: In an in vitro study, carbon dioxide (CO(2)) absorption capacity and possible carbon monoxide (CO) formation were tested in different absorbent brands. Absorbents with very small CO formation are not necessarily poor CO(2) absorbents.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-29c1f6d0e6ee4614ab2cfba1583f9dfe", "input": "Question: Are vitamin E and depressive symptoms related . The Rotterdam Study?\nAnswer: After control for several biological and behavioural factors relating to health we found no association between low vitamin E levels and depressive symptoms or depression in the elderly.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b04964ad4214b69a32d0633045deb08", "input": "Question: Are sodium channel-blocking agents of benefit to rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus?\nAnswer: Protection of hydrocephalic brains through pharmacological sodium channel blockade is probably an approach not worth pursuing.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9ac822dfff04e9cbc91b27b5d89a052", "input": "Question: Is angiotensin II type 2 receptor gene responsible for familial vesicoureteral reflux?\nAnswer: Although the AT2 gene has been reported to have a role in developmental anomalies of the kidney and ureter, our data indicate that it is not involved in the pathogenesis of primary familial vesicoureteral reflux.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-653a4739269545eb8f4a3791f3af3ae6", "input": "Question: Does methylprednisolone enhance the surfactant effects on oxygenation and histology in paraquat-induced rat lung injury?\nAnswer: Intratracheal instillation of surfactant improves gas exchange, ameliorates lung inflammation and results in less lung damage in paraquat-induced rat lung injury. Surfactant with methylprednisolone pretreatment decreases inflammatory cell infiltration, but cannot further improve oxygenation and lung histology.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-517bef314e814891aad57ac9dedaf778", "input": "Question: Does dehydroepiandrosterone regulation of prolactin gene expression in the anterior pituitary depend on galanin induction?\nAnswer: Our results shows that GAL is not involved in the estrogenic activity of DHEA on pituitary lactotrophs, and suggest that DHEA effects are exerted directly on the PRL gene or through another mechanism(s) not related to GAL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-116bb60deee649c48d6c2b9d3da5064c", "input": "Question: Do shorter courses of parenteral antibiotic therapy appear to influence response rates for children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis : a systematic review?\nAnswer: Given the potential increased morbidity and cost associated with longer courses of intravenous therapy, this finding should be confirmed through a randomized controlled equivalence trial", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d01122c04c0548b6832b21f81207a64d", "input": "Question: Does gestational age at previous preterm birth affect cerclage efficacy?\nAnswer: Although there is an association between previous SPTB gestational age and cervical length in women with a mid-trimester cervical length of <25 mm, there does not appear to be a disproportionate benefit of cerclage in women with earlier previous SPTB.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-659f11805c8048438e4dceaa7c941f01", "input": "Question: Is vitamin B-12 status associated with plasma homocysteine in parents and their preschool children : lacto-ovo , lacto , and ovo vegetarians and omnivores?\nAnswer: Vegetarian parents and their preschool children had a lower vitamin B-12 intake than omnivorous parents and their preschool children but similar plasma vitamin B-12 and homocysteine concentrations. Plasma homocysteine was not associated with serum vitamin B-12 levels in the parent, child, or pooled group.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7709b0ff757e47e1bd471f40d521252c", "input": "Question: Is extreme premature birth associated with impaired development of brain microstructure?\nAnswer: Brain microstructure maturation as measured serially in premature infants is independent of extremely premature birth. Brain injury and co-morbid conditions may be the important determinants of microstructure maturation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b005410a5f24953aedb74abb892a8be", "input": "Question: Does perioperative hypothermia ( 33 degrees C ) increase the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery : findings from the Intraoperative Hypothermia for Aneurysm Surgery Trial?\nAnswer: In patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery, perioperative hypothermia was not associated with an increased occurrence of cardiovascular events.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6a30d4d699c74a0599727a201e54d1d0", "input": "Question: Does early removal of central venous catheter in patients with candidemia improve outcome : analysis of 842 patients from 2 randomized clinical trials?\nAnswer: In this cohort of 842 adults with candidemia followed up prospectively, early CVC removal was not associated with any clinical benefit. These findings suggest an evidence-based re-evaluation of current treatment recommendations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d8dcdfebf7d4cdb9416c77acc685a62", "input": "Question: Is maternal dietary pattern during pregnancy associated with recurrent wheeze in children?\nAnswer: Overall dietary pattern during pregnancy is not associated with recurrent wheeze in this cohort. Maternal intake of individual nutrients may be more important determinants of offspring wheeze-associated illness than is dietary pattern.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-09ec8a82e16a40b6a27838931af9d064", "input": "Question: Is omeprazole-induced acute interstitial nephritis related to CYP2C19 genotype or CYP2C19 phenotype?\nAnswer: There was discordance between CYP2C19 genotype and phenotype. However, up to 45% of healthy elderly subjects have a poor metabolizer phenotype. Thus neither CYP2C19 poor metabolizer genotype nor phenotype is a risk factor for OIAIN.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac7074e62bea4b5986166f123030e18a", "input": "Question: Does current dosing of low-molecular-weight heparins reflect licensed product labels : an international survey?\nAnswer: Dose-individualization strategies for LMWHs, which contravene the PL, were present in 96% of surveyed hospitals. Common individualization methods included dose-capping, use of lean body size descriptors to calculate renal function and the starting dose, followed by post dose anti-Xa monitoring.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d1f9ace5ea546578777f0f83c255b3b", "input": "Question: Are serum S100B and LDH useful in predicting the sentinel node status in melanoma patients?\nAnswer: In the present study neither serum S100B nor LDH prior to SLND were useful in predicting the histopathological status of the sentinel node. None of them correlated with DFS, DMFS or OS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-007d73d72853424ba363ac857f1d6483", "input": "Question: Do pelvimetric dimensions impact upon nerve sparing or erectile function recovery in patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy?\nAnswer: We did not find unfavorable pelvic anatomy to impact the likelihood of performing a nerve sparing procedure or to be predictive of any degree of recovery of EF after RRP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-59716997580246ea8666a0fb493b53a7", "input": "Question: Is external hydrogen peroxide indispensable for experimental induction of lipid peroxidation via Fenton reaction in porcine ovary homogenates?\nAnswer: In conclusion, external H(2)O(2) is not indispensable for experimental induction of lipid peroxidation by Fenton reaction in porcine ovary homogenates.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ecff461ed5554740971c38660dc8bc38", "input": "Question: Is variation in the vitamin D receptor gene associated with risk of colorectal cancer in the Czech Republic?\nAnswer: We conclude that common variation in the VDR gene had little effect on its own on predisposition to sporadic CRC in the Czech population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea053cc62aff49b480640e4bf724c453", "input": "Question: Is the finding of premalignant lesions associated with smoking cessation in chemoprevention study volunteers?\nAnswer: A smoking cessation rate of 20% has been found among volunteers for a chemopreventive trial investigating smoking-related premalignant lesions after almost 2 years after initial contact has been found. Volunteers experienced screening and trial participation as having influenced their smoking cessation. Smoking cessation was significantly associated with male gender, whereas the finding of premalignant lesions by bronchoscopy was not.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b3a3a8553484402095750c7c6c41dd34", "input": "Question: Is preoperative clinically inapparent leucopenia in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer a risk factor for surgical or general postoperative complications?\nAnswer: Conclusively patients with clinically inapparent leucopenia after neoadjuvant chemotherapy due to advanced stage gastric cancer can be safely operated on without putting them in danger of relevant surgical complications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e91ef043549f44908ef4e92de086b469", "input": "Question: Does sTAT3 regulate acute liver injury after ischemia/reperfusion?\nAnswer: The data suggest that STAT3 is not a central regulator of acute liver injury induced by I/R.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-74d53c12091745b4826ae879fb33f649", "input": "Question: Are vital signs and cognitive function affected by 23-sodium and 17-oxygen magnetic resonance imaging of the human brain at 9.4 T?\nAnswer: (23)Na and (17)O MRI of the human brain at 9.4 T does not have any readily demonstrated health risks reflected in vital signs or change in cognitive performance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-952d163a2e0a42aa882501aead0e7d06", "input": "Question: Does fetal-placental hypoxia result from failure of spiral arterial modification in mice?\nAnswer: In mice, lack of pregnancy-associated spiral artery remodeling does not impair oxygen delivery to the conceptus, challenging the concept that deficient spiral arterial remodeling leads to fetal hypoxia in human gestational complications such as preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. The isolated hypoxic response of normal kidney has revealed that renal lymphocytes may have unique, tissue-specific regulatory actions on vasoconstriction that are pregnancy independent.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-75bb433fd2f24556a36b3bd02a3caf9a", "input": "Question: Does serum Mac-2BP distinguish men with high grade , large volume prostate cancer from men with benign prostatic hyperplasia?\nAnswer: Serum Mac-2BP does not appear to originate in the prostate and it is unlikely that Mac-2BP can be used for the differential diagnosis of prostate cancer versus BPH.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7ec231460a9c46f78ce3a8419248586e", "input": "Question: Do norepinephrine and ephedrine counteract the increase in cutaneous microcirculation induced by spinal anaesthesia?\nAnswer: Improved skin perfusion induced by spinal anaesthesia was not counteracted by the use of norepinephrine or ephedrine.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e484801cedf443a5ae98684b74bae021", "input": "Question: Is serum lipoprotein ( a ) levels in patients with first unprovoked venous thromboembolism associated with subsequent risk of recurrent VTE?\nAnswer: Elevated serum Lp(a) does not appear to be associated with recurrent VTE in patients with history of first unprovoked VTE and may not play a role in identifying patients with unprovoked VTE at high risk of recurrence. There was no optimal predictive threshold for the overall population or for sex sub-groups and Lp(a)>or=0.3 g/L was not a significant predictor of recurrent VTE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-03a184d971a4418780c1bdb780249473", "input": "Question: Are goldmann applanation tonometry and dynamic contour tonometry correlated with central corneal thickness in primary open angle glaucoma?\nAnswer: In this group of patients with OAG, there was a strong correlation between GAT and DCT measurements of IOP. IOP measured with DCT was consistently higher than IOP measured with GAT. Neither GAT nor DCT measurements were correlated with CCT. This data suggests that factors other than CCT may be involved in the tendency of DCT to produce higher measures of IOP than GAT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aa797138b16849b4917cc1471aacb21d", "input": "Question: Do location and duration of treatment of cystic fibrosis respiratory exacerbations affect outcomes?\nAnswer: Intravenous antibiotic therapy for CF respiratory exacerbations administered in the hospital and in the home was found to be equivalent in terms of long-term FEV\u2081 change and interval between courses of antibiotics. Optimal duration of therapy (7-10 d) may be shorter than current practice. Large prospective studies are needed to answer these essential questions for CF respiratory management.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d320399b459c4c218ea23ceeb9e05f64", "input": "Question: Is genetic polymorphism in exon 2 of cathepsin D associated with vascular dementia?\nAnswer: The major genotype frequency at CTSD C224T in normal controls was higher in the Asian population than in various European populations. Our study does not show a significant difference in genotype (P=0.3071) and allele (P=0.2291) frequencies of CTSD C224T between VaD and normal controls. This was the first genetic association study of CTSD in a VaD population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fae14b084f5c410aa600afe87a0b0d21", "input": "Question: Does the number of axillary lymph nodes involved with metastatic breast cancer affect outcome as long as all disease is confined to the sentinel lymph nodes?\nAnswer: The number of nodes involved with metastatic disease does not impact OS and DFS if all disease is confined to the SLNs. Non-SLN involvement negatively influences OS and DFS independent of the number of positive nodes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d8b96bf744d844158fbd418fb10e0963", "input": "Question: Does short duration exhaustive running exercise modify lipid hydroperoxide , glutathione peroxidase and catalase?\nAnswer: As a result, it may be claimed that short duration exhaustive exercise test produced no important changes in LOOH, GPx and CAT levels. And exhaustive exercise-induced oxidative stress may be related with exercise duration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-daccdef575cb423aab667e3e63afd346", "input": "Question: Do clinical and radiological courses differ between fluid-attenuated inversion recovery-positive and negative patients with stroke after thrombolysis?\nAnswer: Visibility of lesions on FLAIR in areas of diffusion restriction was not predictive of the response to thrombolysis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8af7504a96974433abd1b78a1f0c2cf5", "input": "Question: Are three common CARD15 mutations responsible for the pathogenesis of Crohn 's disease in Iranians?\nAnswer: The three mutations described are not responsible for the pathogenesis of Crohn's Disease in Iranians. The results are in accordance with other Asian nations' studies on IBD Patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-90cee4172b504837a6f64d836e403ce9", "input": "Question: Does health-related quality of life vary among patients seeking different surgical procedures to assist with weight loss?\nAnswer: Patients requesting a weight loss procedure reported moderate to severe impairments in QOL and mood dysphoria compared with the community norms. However, the patients choosing from the 3 procedures studied scored similarly on the health-related QOL assessments.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-df78fb46138e47a1a35c3e94d0be0c58", "input": "Question: Does carotid atherosclerosis predict coronary , vertebral , or aortic atherosclerosis in patients with acute stroke symptoms?\nAnswer: Significant atherosclerotic disease in the carotid arteries does not predict significant atherosclerotic disease in the coronary arteries, vertebral arteries, or aorta in patients with symptoms of acute ischemic stroke. Significant atherosclerotic disease is most often isolated to 1 type of artery in these patients, whereas nonsignificant atherosclerotic disease tends to be more systemic.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1e2056381364720b6c8ba9329cd14a0", "input": "Question: Does physician experience in addition to ACLS training significantly affect the outcome of prehospital cardiac arrest?\nAnswer: In this study, resuscitative experience of the physician did not have a significant effect on survival suggesting that experience does not significantly add to the current ACLS training in responding to ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia. More studies are needed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3de52a03af57414380ca82e609a2dc6a", "input": "Question: Is expression of IL-4 receptor alpha on smooth muscle cells necessary for development of experimental allergic asthma?\nAnswer: The impairment of IL-4Ralpha on smooth muscle cells had no effect on major etiologic markers of allergic asthma. These findings suggest that IL-4Ralpha responsiveness in airway smooth muscle cells during the early phase of allergic asthma is not, as suggested, necessary for the outcome of the disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-623df262e84e43a7afef37015720f5b4", "input": "Question: Are current clinical criteria for Lynch syndrome sensitive enough to identify MSH6 mutation carriers?\nAnswer: Amsterdam criteria and each of the Bethesda criteria were inadequate for identifying MSH6 mutation-carrying kindreds. MSH6 mutations may be more common than currently assumed, and the penetrance/expression of MSH6 mutations, as derived from families meeting current clinical criteria, may be misleading. To increase detection rate of MMR mutation carriers, all cancers in the Lynch syndrome tumour spectrum should be subjected to immunohistochemical analysis and/or analysis for microsatellite instability.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca78c14ee38b44c4a99aad48254427db", "input": "Question: Do most parents think receiving human papillomavirus vaccine would encourage sexual activity in their children?\nAnswer: Most parents do not think the HPV vaccine would actually encourage sexual activity in their children. Therefore, health care providers can be less hesitant in recommending the vaccine to young sexually naive girls. Additional education should help improve overall parental understanding about the HPV vaccine and, consequently, vaccination rates.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f4fc840a454849d6a449d48a4a2e62c1", "input": "Question: Does informed decision making affect health-related quality of life in lung cancer screening ( NELSON trial )?\nAnswer: Subjects who did not make an informed decision to participate in lung cancer CT screening trial did not experience worse HRQoL during screening than subjects who did make an informed decision, either in general or after receiving an indeterminate result.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c19ef545fae4cfab31cec245df0ce42", "input": "Question: Does the level of persistent HIV viremia increase after successful simplification of maintenance therapy to lopinavir/ritonavir alone?\nAnswer: The level of persistent viremia did not increase after stopping NRTI therapy among subjects who maintained virus suppression < 50 copies/ml on LPV/r alone through 48 weeks. This supports further studies of induction-simplification therapy for treatment of HIV-1 infection including the identification of factors predicting success or failure of simplified therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-235c7cd2dea24cac954a19edb7c10a8b", "input": "Question: Does determinants of life expectancy in medullary thyroid cancer : age matter?\nAnswer: In MTC patients, extrathyroidal extension and stage at diagnosis are the only independent predictors of (recurrence-free) life expectancy. Patients diagnosed in an early stage of disease and patients without detectable recurrence have favourable life expectancy independently of biochemical cure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-be628e7936544448835a8da4a14c6589", "input": "Question: Is cognitive impairment equal in patients with epileptic and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures?\nAnswer: Many patients with PNES do not put forth maximal effort during neuropsychological assessment. When patients with PNES put forth valid effort, they demonstrate less objective evidence of neuropathologic injury or disease than do patients with ES. The cognitive impairment reported by this group appears to be more a function of motivational (although not necessarily intentional) factors than of verifiable neuropathology.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-69122965a9914b8d8210f8750f8988c4", "input": "Question: Does coronary bypass grafting using crossclamp fibrillation result in reliable reperfusion of the myocardium when the crossclamp is intermittently released : a prospective cohort study?\nAnswer: Crossclamp fibrillation does not result in reliable reperfusion of the myocardium between periods of crossclamping.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5e3a8dd6ace4d9aaee80dfa0599caef", "input": "Question: Does calcium supplementation of saline-based colloids produce equivalent coagulation profiles to similarly balanced salt preparations?\nAnswer: The different coagulation profiles between the 2 pentastarch preparations, as well as similar profiles of pentastarch in saline and hetastarch in balanced electrolyte solution, suggest that calcium is not solely responsible for previously observed effects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a05950e9252e4012a6c945379a129411", "input": "Question: Does permanent direct his bundle pacing induce ventricular dyssynchrony unlike conventional right ventricular apical pacing . An intrapatient acute comparison study?\nAnswer: Direct His bundle pacing (also fused with adjacent septum capture) prevents pacing-induced ventricular dyssynchrony.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-73c91dade463493ba58b59af98723896", "input": "Question: Does a `` two-step '' educational approach for patients taking oral anticoagulants improve therapy control?\nAnswer: A two-step educational approach for patients on long-term oral anticoagulation does not improve TSTR percentages in the short term.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a434a0157e046769ce0f16368748317", "input": "Question: Does t-cell inhibition aggravate bacterial translocation from rat small bowel?\nAnswer: In the model of bacterial translocation from a defunctionalised loop of small bowel the inhibition of T cells does not increase bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes or promote the systemic spread of the translocating bacteria. This indicates that T cells do not have any important protective function against translocating microbes from defunctionalised small bowel.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-908c17224abe49bc8404fa8e7913dc7e", "input": "Question: Does continuous intraperitoneal insulin infusion increase the risk of organ-specific autoimmune disease in type 1 diabetic patients : results of a multicentric , comparative study?\nAnswer: As previously shown AIA (anti-insulin antibodies) levels were higher in CIpii than in CSII (32.9% vs 20.2%, P<0.0001) but no correlation was observed with either clinical or subclinical autoimmune disease. This large-scale study eliminates the possibility that CIpii increases the risk of autoimmune disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c648bfaccfac42fd90b89c4ffd5a92b6", "input": "Question: Are e-cadherin promoter polymorphisms associated with the aggressiveness of prostate cancer in Caucasian patients?\nAnswer: We conclude that E-cadherin -160C-->A and/or -347G-->GA polymorphisms are not associated with the aggressiveness of prostate cancer in Caucasian patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ef52615a8d94f1c9b143f2143f7773f", "input": "Question: Does creatine supplementation impair the thermoregulatory response during a bout of exercise in the heat?\nAnswer: Cr loading did not impair the thermoregulatory response during a bout of exercise in the heat.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f627b49dcaec40dfb796e70d6c033f08", "input": "Question: Does intra-articular morphine 5 mg after knee arthroscopy produce significant pain relief when administered to patients with moderate to severe pain via an intra-articular catheter?\nAnswer: IA morphine 5 mg does not produce clinically significant pain relief in patients with moderate or severe pain after knee arthroscopy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-35238636784442538aff9377b08c7308", "input": "Question: Is hepatitis B virus seropositivity associated with increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis in Taiwanese?\nAnswer: Hepatitis B virus seropositivity was not associated with an increased severity of carotid atherosclerosis in Taiwanese.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a859426430254155acdc4f262dbe8bd9", "input": "Question: Does duration of stretch influence the degree of force loss following static stretching?\nAnswer: SS incorporating stretch durations typical of those employed pre-exercise were sufficient to impair muscle performance and the duration of stretch did not influence the degree of force loss. Inclusion of SS, even with short stretch durations, in preparation for strength activities is not appropriate.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d62f32818b649139ec24eff74b74281", "input": "Question: Does resistance exercise affect the serum concentrations of cell adhesion molecules?\nAnswer: Our data indicate that resistance exercise of moderate to high intensity does not affect the serum concentrations of cell adhesion molecules in healthy young lean or obese men, suggesting no considerable negative effect on immune function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-147ddf34c4414010b8b14e8416e6475d", "input": "Question: Does four-day antithrombin therapy seem to attenuate hypercoagulability in patients suffering from sepsis?\nAnswer: The current study shows a distinct hypercoagulability in patients suffering from severe sepsis, which was not reversed by high-dose AT treatment over four days. This finding supports recent data showing that modulation of coagulatory activation in septic patients by AT does not occur before one week of therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e479160a5a74b6c81bfa65f5b6251fb", "input": "Question: Are multifocality and multicentricity contraindications for sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer surgery?\nAnswer: Our lymphoscintigraphic study shows that axillary SLN represents the whole breast regardless of tumor location within the parenchyma. The high accuracy of SLNB in MF and MC breast cancer demonstrates, according with the results of other series published in the literature, that both MF and MC tumors do not represent a contraindication for SLNB anymore.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-86ea8a207a8949e69c1e1624ba935107", "input": "Question: Does difficulty of cardiac arrest rhythm identification correlate with length of chest compression pause before defibrillation?\nAnswer: Long cardiopulmonary resuscitation pauses before defibrillation are likely due to human factors during the resuscitation and not due to inherent difficulties with rhythm identification. This preliminary work highlights the need for more research and training in the area of team performance and human factors during resuscitation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-79c3725b3a8340b4aa2fb321099998c4", "input": "Question: Do preoperative serum levels of c-erbB-2 seem to be useful in management of patients with rectal cancer?\nAnswer: Although preoperative serum c-erbB-2 levels were significantly higher in rectal cancer patients than in healthy controls, the soluble c-erbB-2 does not seem to be useful in the diagnosis of rectal cancer due to its low sensitivity. Preoperative serum levels of this oncoprotein were predictive neither for overall survival nor for local recurrence/distant metastases in rectal cancer patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed4bcd51be78475c9339b3d67908ec35", "input": "Question: Is haemoglobin A1c a surrogate for glucose and insulin measures for investigating the early life and childhood determinants of insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes in healthy children . An analysis from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children ( ALSPAC )?\nAnswer: HbA(1c) is not a good marker of fasting or post-load glucose and insulin measures in healthy children, and is not a viable alternative to these measures for investigating the determinants of insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes in children.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fdd4592da9fd40d7b14fa353eded54a4", "input": "Question: Are aBCB1 gene polymorphisms associated with treatment outcome in elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients?\nAnswer: In AML patients aged 60 years or older, allelic ABCB1 variations of C1236T, G2677T, or C3435T are not associated with altered P-gp function or with MDR1 expression at the transcriptional or translational level in leukemic blasts, and they do not significantly affect clinical prognosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8420f501a7fa4e79a276d0640cc58088", "input": "Question: Is wildtype epidermal growth factor receptor ( Egfr ) required for daily locomotor or masking behavior in mice?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that reduced EGFR activity alone is insufficient to perturb locomotor and masking behaviors in mice. Our results also suggest that other uncontrolled genetic or environmental parameters confounded previous experiments linking EGFR activity to daily locomotor activity and provide a cautionary tale for genetically uncontrolled studies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4cce4874d8da48fb997fdda0ca4c6b46", "input": "Question: Is the social tariff of EQ-5D adequate to assess quality of life in patients with low back pain?\nAnswer: Methods used to develop the social tariff for the Spanish version of EQ-5D were inadequate. In addition, this study shows that values given by the general population are different from those of low back pain patients, further confirming that the social tariff of EQ-5D should not be used with actual patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-90cfa0050d1d499bb506b0a9f53ea610", "input": "Question: Is repeated sputum microscopy essential for monitoring tuberculosis treatment response?\nAnswer: The yield of a second on-the-spot sputum specimen is negligible, provided that the first smear is from an overnight specimen. From the data available, it is evident that repeated follow-up smears are not essential for documenting treatment outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-304517bc5f344739b683cd12f940db93", "input": "Question: Does tracheostomy improve the outcome of patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation : a propensity analysis?\nAnswer: Tracheostomy does not seem to reduce intensive care unit mortality when performed in unselected patients but may represent a burden after intensive care unit discharge.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6004c0152e6b42c2bee26a93686af7da", "input": "Question: Is [ Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in children associated with obesity ]?\nAnswer: No differences were observed between the height z-score, weight z-score, BMI z-score, age, and AHI. No association between obesity and OSAHS was found in this series. However, studies of larger, unselected populations are needed to determine if obesity is a risk factor for OSAHS in children.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-80e4a65468964e6ab1dcfccef5251db0", "input": "Question: Does vitamin D fortification of milk products resolve hypovitaminosis D in young Finnish men?\nAnswer: Vitamin D fortification of milk products slightly but insufficiently improved the poor vitamin D status of young Finnish men during winter. Further supplementation is warranted in order to normalize vitamin D levels and to support achievement of maximum peak bone mass.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b04ba251938640ba84b5f120211f0452", "input": "Question: Do platelet count , mean platelet volume , platelet distribution width , and plateletcrit correlate with optical platelet aggregation responses in healthy volunteers?\nAnswer: As a result, we found no correlation between platelet aggregation responses obtained with optical method and platelet indices proposed as indicators of certain pathologic conditions, and it does not seem possible to use platelet indices as a direct indicator of platelet activation. In conditions where platelet functions should have been assessed, platelet indices alone are inappropriate and further evaluation is necessary with different methods.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a93c71968ce4170849433ba62d2f6fd", "input": "Question: Is osteoprotegerin associated with angiographic coronary calcification?\nAnswer: Both calcified and non-calcified culprit plaques exhibited a similar inflammatory response to stent-mediated injury. After PCI, osteoprotegerin decreased while proinflammatory cytokines increased, which may be consistent with a counterregulatory role for osteoprotegerin.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b599ee63bcc4de7ad77a8914b5a374b", "input": "Question: Does posterior vaginal wall prolapse correlate with fecal symptoms or objective measures of anorectal function?\nAnswer: Anorectal symptoms do not correlate with the degree of posterior vaginal wall prolapse, nor does the presence of prolapse equate to abnormal physiologic test results. Bowel symptoms may result from primary anorectal abnormalities, which are demonstrated by physiologic studies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0872aa91ca97425b9cf5009fc6d40ace", "input": "Question: Is cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress affected by alpha2-adrenoreceptor activation or inhibition?\nAnswer: Cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress is not related to pharmacologically manipulated tonic central sympathetic nervous system activity by alpha2-adrenergic agonists and antagonists. These results do not support the assumption that cardiovascular reactivity is an index of tonic central sympathetic nervous system activity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b66b2a4aa963408b950c71818c29cf4c", "input": "Question: Does concomitant consumption of red wine and polyunsaturated fatty acids in edible oil influence the peroxidation status of chylomicron lipids despite increasing plasma catechin concentration?\nAnswer: Red wine consumption increases plasma catechins, but does not influence lipid peroxidation in postprandial CM.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a861e76adfe64a2881538699d1c156fc", "input": "Question: Does theophylline potentiate the effects of a low dose of dexamethasone in horses with recurrent airway obstruction?\nAnswer: Oral theophylline for 7 days did not improve the effects of a low dose of dexamethasone for the treatment of horses with RAO.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b82dd64843e4eb4bf0c235c9b5b6570", "input": "Question: Is immunoglobulin gene implicated in murine herpes stromal keratitis associated with the human disease?\nAnswer: Susceptibility to HSK in whites is not predicted by GM23 genotype.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-26709c4191314d5ba50bde20c9f5ff0f", "input": "Question: Does twelve weeks of nightly stretch reduce thumb web-space contractures in people with a neurological condition : a randomised controlled trial?\nAnswer: Intensive stretch administered regularly over three months does not reduce thumb web-space contractures in neurological conditions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d8b82c211106493198c1f194d8034523", "input": "Question: Does acetate correction for postabsorption metabolism improve the [ 13C ] mixed triacylglycerol breath test?\nAnswer: The need to perform 2 tests, variation in physical activity between tests and differences in intermediary metabolism preclude the use of acetate correction factors when using [C]MTG to assess intraluminal fat digestion, especially in children.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8d98376822745d1994dfc7398e7f112", "input": "Question: Does consumption of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum alter phytoestrogen metabolism and plasma hormones in men : a pilot study?\nAnswer: The 2-month intervention with probiotic capsules did not significantly alter equol excretion, plasma hormone, or leptin concentrations in these subjects. A secondary finding was that male equol excretors in this study did not exhibit a hormone profile consistent with reduced prostate cancer risk, although this result should be interpreted with caution.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-72601674679c4d448b62f022367348c3", "input": "Question: Is fluoxetine effective in the treatment of post-stroke fatigue : a double-blind , placebo-controlled study?\nAnswer: Fluoxetine does not improve PoSF, although some concomitant emotional disturbances improved significantly. Our results suggest that PoSF may be associated with diverse etiologies but not closely related to serotonergic dysfunction. Further studies are required to elucidate the causative factors and to find an appropriate treatment for PoSF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c201f7804d674d8da024c59c9a50494d", "input": "Question: Do antibodies to trophoblast antigens HLA-G , placenta growth factor , and neuroD2 improve detection of circulating trophoblast cells in maternal blood?\nAnswer: The antibodies used in this study were unable to improve detection of trophoblast cells in the maternal circulation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-df1790f9539241fd9fa88ba5d44b2915", "input": "Question: Is the risk of persistent paresthesia increased with repeated axillary block?\nAnswer: The risk of neurologic complications was not increased in patients who underwent multiple axillary blocks, even within a 1-wk interval. No risk factors for anesthetic-related complications were identified. However, block success rate was increased with the paresthesia technique and the injection of mepivacaine versus bupivacaine.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-acd3877af17444bd9bbbb4ae3fb9db7e", "input": "Question: Is messenger ribonucleic acid for the gonadal luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor present in human endometrium?\nAnswer: The traditional gonadal LH/hCG receptor does not appear to be present in human endometrial tissue. The presence of a portion of the transmembrane part of the molecule suggests that human endometrium may express a truncated or variant form of the receptor.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a6e4660f48a4d0f93e404034865ee71", "input": "Question: Does tenoxicam alter renal function during anaesthesia in normal individuals?\nAnswer: Current clinical practice of using NSAIDs for post-operative analgesia in low risk individuals appears to have no adverse effects on renal function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d07fc1fdc154542a4115406364eada7", "input": "Question: Does myometrial nitric oxide synthase messenger ribonucleic acid expression change throughout gestation or with the onset of labor?\nAnswer: Changes in myometrial nitric oxide synthase expression and thus of levels of endogenous nitric oxide are unlikely to be directly involved in myometrial quiescence or the onset of human parturition.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b75df8be6b5245448c92fed5b2c88c76", "input": "Question: Does increased dietary oxalate increase urinary calcium oxalate saturation in hypercalciuric rats?\nAnswer: Thus, increasing dietary oxalate led to a decrease in CaOx and CaHPO4 supersaturation and did not alter the universal stone formation found in these rats, nor the type of stones formed. These results suggest the necessity for human studies aimed at determining the role, if any, of limiting oxalate intake to prevent recurrence of CaOx nephrolithiasis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-78d4f33a5457497aad67846b6120d255", "input": "Question: Are s values a signature for a significant contribution of neutrons to the radiation dose received by atomic-bomb survivors?\nAnswer: S values seem to vary among laboratories even after exposure of cells to sparsely ionizing radiations. Data from this study show that S values are not a signature for a significant contribution of neutrons to the radiation dose received by A-bomb survivors in Hiroshima.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f42e2f9d05084d6dbca3d230d82623d4", "input": "Question: Does vitamin K supplementation prevent bone loss in ovariectomized Norway rats?\nAnswer: PK, MK-4, and MK-7 do not appear to prevent bone loss in OVX rats when administered concurrent with adequate intake of other nutrients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-70c32384688e4a0f99be2813d9dc769e", "input": "Question: Are distinctive characteristics of bronchial reticular basement membrane and vessel remodelling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) and in asthma : they the same disease?\nAnswer: The characteristics of Rbm remodelling are quite different in asthma and COPD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8cbde6f24541455697fa11c6db165fc9", "input": "Question: Is interleukin 6 necessary for STAT3 phosphorylation and myocardial hypertrophy following short term beta-adrenergic stimulation?\nAnswer: IL-6 is not necessary for isoproterenol induced STAT3 phosphorylation, but may affect activation of this pathway by mild non-specific stimuli. Lack of IL-6 does not affect activation of MEK/ERK pathway nor cardiac hypertrophy by beta-adrenergic agonists.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-59a4318b86a640d190b1975b9d07098d", "input": "Question: Is routine pre-procedure laboratory testing for patients undergoing outpatient cerebral angiography indicated?\nAnswer: The incidence of abnormal testing in patients undergoing outpatient cerebral angiography is very low. These results and evidence in the literature suggest that the majority of patients undergoing cerebral angiography do not require any pre-procedure testing. Assessment of renal function using the estimated glomerular filtration rate in high-risk patients only is, however, warranted.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9c070c9e1d04a3eb3b415ecf174c245", "input": "Question: Does bilateral transversus abdominis plane block decrease postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy when compared with local anesthetic infiltration of trocar insertion sites?\nAnswer: Bilateral ultrasound-guided TAP block is equivalent to local anesthetic infiltration of trocar insertion sites for overall postoperative pain in a heterogeneous group of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-52362c158cb44739b0e56540f30d176f", "input": "Question: Is adenoma detection rate influenced by full-day blocks , time , or modified queue position?\nAnswer: Retrospective study; not all withdrawal times were recorded; trainees performed some of the procedures.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4fc6d3436ab346a7b68fd234e8c5251d", "input": "Question: Are basophils the key antigen-presenting cells in allergic patients?\nAnswer: Our data demonstrate by classical in vitro proliferation assays that basophils are not key antigen-presenting cells that promote T cell proliferation in secondary immune responses to allergen in allergic patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f6c10dca6f9246518d3d36abd7adde58", "input": "Question: Do single measures of performance reflect overall institutional quality in colorectal cancer surgery?\nAnswer: Performance appraisal in colorectal surgery is complex and dependent on stakeholder perspective. Benchmarking units solely on a single performance measure is over simplistic and potentially hazardous. A global appraisal of institutional outcome is required to contextualise performance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-39cabf45c8874384b7e2b153f9e9f335", "input": "Question: Does a diabetes scorecard improve HbA ( 1c ) , blood pressure , lipids , aspirin usage , exercise and diabetes knowledge over 9 months : a randomized controlled trial?\nAnswer: A diabetes scorecard did not improve glycaemic control, blood pressure control, LDL cholesterol, aspirin usage, exercise or diabetic knowledge in an urban population with uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-78996da0729f41f39f44e168cc5b3381", "input": "Question: Do fenoterol enantiomers possess beneficial therapeutic properties of their racemic mixture in the rat model of post myocardial infarction dilated cardiomyopathy?\nAnswer: The conclusion drawn on the basis of previous experiments with single cardiomyocytes that RR-enantiomer of fenoterol represents an active component of racemic fenoterol and can be further investigated as a new drug for treatment of chronic heart failure was not confirmed in the whole animal model of DCM.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae2252d3946740bca2fbbdef79577e6f", "input": "Question: Is polymorphism in apoA1 Influences High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels but a Major Risk Factor of Alzheimer 's Disease?\nAnswer: Our data support the observation that apoA1 polymorphism influences cholesterol metabolism and A\u03b242 deposition in the brain.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d738e42283124f64be26c4e69476b37f", "input": "Question: Do variations in LOXL1 associated with exfoliation glaucoma affect amine oxidase activity?\nAnswer: The R141L and G153D variations in the NH(2)-terminal region of LOXL1 do not affect the amine oxidase activity of LOXL1. This is consistent with recent genetic findings on the reversal of risk alleles of R141L and G153D in different ethnic backgrounds. Our results suggest that other unknown genetic factors or molecular mechanisms may be more relevant to the development of XFG.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6eef83a279504380b1a4e89dbcbec1fc", "input": "Question: Does peginterferon-\u03b1 improve early peripheral blood HBV-specific T-cell responses in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis?\nAnswer: IFN-\u03b1 did not improve peripheral blood HBV-specific T-cell responses in the first 24 weeks of treatment, consistent either with a predominant antiviral/antiproliferative effect or with an immunomodulatory activity on other arms of the immune system which were not analyzed in our study. A better pre-treatment ex vivo IFN-\u03b3 production was associated with better chances to control HBV replication during therapy and represents a promising predictor of IFN efficacy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a80285f7b3764165aa51396130fe1790", "input": "Question: Is dysfunctional coping in headache : avoidance and endurance associated with chronic forms of headache?\nAnswer: Dysfunctional coping was seen with high prevalence in the entire patient sample (66%). Against our hypothesis, it was not confined to chronic forms of headache. In respect to our data, we discuss the role of avoidance and endurance coping in headache and its possible role in chronicity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-071f9b4cf5fc4ef19aa2a2b7f6619eb8", "input": "Question: Does blue mode offer any benefit over white light when calculating Lewis score in small-bowel capsule endoscopy?\nAnswer: Although BM is believed to enhance mucosal details i.e., small mucosal breaks, it did not perform better than WL in the calculation of LS in our cohort.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b436458bb7049539b0c4485e97a720d", "input": "Question: Is cardiac catheterization within 1 to 3 days of proximal aortic surgery associated with increased postoperative acute kidney injury?\nAnswer: Cardiac catheterization within 1 to 3 days of elective proximal aortic surgery appears safe and should be considered acceptable practice for patients at low risk of acute kidney injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b42b93509fd744c18ae7f6fd12a07b0c", "input": "Question: Does population screening for coronary artery calcification increase mental distress and the use of psychoactive medication?\nAnswer: A population screening program including CAC score appears to have no detrimental impact on mental distress and does not increase the use of psychoactive medication.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-47ed69c7318544f3b1c8e30d977fe155", "input": "Question: Is the impairment of reproduction in db/db mice mediated by intraovarian defective leptin signaling?\nAnswer: We confirmed that impairment of reproduction in intact db/db mice is not mediated by intraovary intact/defective leptin signaling even in face of a divergent modulation by gonadotropins.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b71fae8d79f74bc4bf28f3f1a83680a3", "input": "Question: Does n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation reduce vulnerability to atrial fibrillation in remodeling atria?\nAnswer: PUFA supplementation begun after cardiac injury has already occurred does not reduce atrial structural remodeling or vulnerability to AF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ca883bb96e04482948780305334b237", "input": "Question: Does family history predict angiographic localization or severity of coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: Sex-specific family history data do not predict angiographic localization of coronary disease in patients presenting with ACS. Maternal stroke and maternal MI probably affect ACS in females by a mechanism unrelated to atherosclerosis or coronary anatomy. However, family history data may still be useful in risk prediction and prognosis of ACS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-69f87197fe25491698754d13b48e1e75", "input": "Question: Is aging over 70 Years a Decisively Dismal Prognostic Factor in Gastric Cancer Surgery?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated that there was more number of accompanying disorders with a high surgical risk in the older age group. However, there was no significant difference between the older and younger age groups in terms of the incidence of complications, under the given disease conditions and if proper management was provided.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e18625a28c954e74ad415b72f3ec14fc", "input": "Question: Does the cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor NS-398 influence trabecular or cortical bone gain resulting from repeated mechanical loading in female mice?\nAnswer: Pharmacological inhibition of COX-2 by NS-398 does not affect trabecular or cortical bone's response to repeated mechanical loading in female mice and thus would not be expected to impair the functional adaptation of bone to physical activity in women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed687a9b8b6a409f8067179799aa85aa", "input": "Question: Do hydroxylated estrogens ( 2-OH-E2 AND 4-OH-E2 ) activate cAMP/PKA and ERK1/2 pathways activation in a breast cancer MCF-7 cell line?\nAnswer: We have shown that E2 hydroxylated metabolites do not activate cAMP/PKA in breast cancer cells and confirm previously published data, which showed a lack of ERK1/2 activation in a breast cancer cell line. The observed reversible action of PD98059 on cell proliferation can be explained by the fact that hydroxylated estrogens, as E2, stimulate secretion of a number of growth factors, which affect MAPK activity, suggested by Lobenhofer et al. (2000).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-27a6b92cc1c549d79dc5090d281b1ab2", "input": "Question: Does beta blocker use in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and systolic heart failure worsen glycaemic control?\nAnswer: BB use did not worsen glycaemic control, lipid profile or albuminuria status in subjects with SHF and T2DM. Carvedilol significantly improved glycemic control in subjects with SHF and T2DM and this improvement was non significantly better than that obtained with bisoprolol. BB's should not be withheld from patients with T2DM and SHF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-00701f97326c496c9f7fdbcb62fb4503", "input": "Question: Is a major imprinted gene involved in hydatidiform mole located in 2q31.2-qter or 5q34-qter?\nAnswer: If the molar phenotype is caused by paternal excess of one gene, only, it is unlikely that this gene is located telomeric to genome position 179Mb on chromosome 2. And similarly, if the phenotype complete mole is caused by the presence of exclusively paternally imprinted alleles of one gene, this gene is not located telomeric to genome position 165Mb on chromosome 5.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-962c8c7f73d44ea9a480f9d95d9d710a", "input": "Question: Does proton pump inhibitor therapy use predispose to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth?\nAnswer: In this large, adequately powered equivalence study, PPI use was not found to be significantly associated with the presence of SIBO as determined by the GHBT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2cc2f716fe5d41638a3f3fb6d2f0ec2b", "input": "Question: Does admission glucose improve GRACE score at 6 months and 5 years after myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: APG is a predictor of 6-month and 5-year mortality, each mmol/l increase in APG being associated with a mortality increase of 17 and 12%, respectively, independent of the GRACE risk score. However, adding APG to the GRACE model did not result in significantly improved clinical risk stratification.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6c0d957b010343a68da95583c9166734", "input": "Question: Are chromosome 9p21 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with recurrent myocardial infarction in patients with established coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: 9p21 SNPs were not associated with recurrent MI, revascularization, or mortality after ACS or CABG. Individuals with the rs1333049 C allele, however, may present with earlier and more extensive disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7c6889c89a047a9bb9a6f85c9c8ae9e", "input": "Question: Are genetic polymorphisms of Fc\u03b3RIIa and Fc\u03b3RIIIa predictive of clinical outcomes after cetuximab plus irinotecan chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: The Fc\u03b3RIIa and Fc\u03b3RIIIa polymorphisms may not be useful molecular biomarkers for the activity of cetuximab in patients with mCRC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e63a62ca3e34241ab4f6c474c1bbdde", "input": "Question: Is extracorporeal shock wave therapy useful after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair?\nAnswer: This study failed to prove that ESWT stimulates rotator cuff healing after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Additional ESWT after rotator cuff repair could theoretically be advantageous, and it was proven to be safe in this study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b0f89adef4a248659bcf1c1cb4ad3752", "input": "Question: Are aBO antibody titers predictive of hemolytic reactions due to plasma-incompatible platelet transfusions?\nAnswer: A critical anti-A or -B titer is not sufficient to predict the risk of hemolysis in patients receiving plasma-incompatible APs, although underreporting of reactions to the blood bank may limit the generalizability of this study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-efce6a7b27144f1faadd02a426faafad", "input": "Question: Is vascular function impaired early in the course of bipolar disorder?\nAnswer: The lack of clinically significant differences in vascular function in this young sample suggests any increased risk either occurs later in the course of illness or is largely due to behavioral risk factors, such as smoking, which was balanced between groups. Substantial insulin resistance is identifiable early in course of illness, perhaps secondary to treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b12c0de79dc847a08d8eaeaf767a6bf1", "input": "Question: Does obstructive lung disease increase lung cancer mortality among female never-smokers in Hong Kong?\nAnswer: Obstructive lung disease exerted differential effects on lung cancer mortality across different sex and smoking subgroups in this Asian population, with a conspicuous absence of effect among female never-smokers.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3597b5c67a8f4959ad3e2647ba0ad4bf", "input": "Question: Does vitamin E supplementation alter physiological performance at fixed blood lactate concentrations in trained runners?\nAnswer: Daily VE supplementation for 35 days does not enhance or impair physiological performance at fixed blood lactate concentrations. Long-term VE supplementation for the purposes of performance enhancement is not recommended.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1accdf6e258a4297800e5780ad227852", "input": "Question: Does aerobic training alter CRP in apparently healthy , untrained men?\nAnswer: Regular aerobic training does not appear to affect CRP concentrations in apparently healthy, untrained men despite significant improvements in bodyweight, BF%, BMI, and VO2max.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fb66d377bf2341569d443434f5ac6ea6", "input": "Question: Does targeting oliguria reversal in perioperative restrictive fluid management influence the occurrence of renal dysfunction : A systematic review and meta-analysis?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that, even though event numbers are small, perioperative restrictive fluid management does not increase oliguria or postoperative ARF while decreasing intraoperative fluid intake, irrespective of targeting reversal of oliguria or not.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d42e6c8ec94145baa481500e677f9061", "input": "Question: Are synovial Cytokines and the MSIS Criteria Useful for Determining Infection Resolution After Periprosthetic Joint Infection Explantation?\nAnswer: IL-6 and IL-1\u03b2 demonstrated high sensitivities to diagnose PJI and showed the greatest decrease between first and second stages, which may potentially be used to monitor treatment response to PJI. However, cytokines and MSIS criteria had low sensitivity to rule out infection before reimplantation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-590093e27c6643ac88c91a2ec5d27f85", "input": "Question: Are physical Activity Level and Symptom Duration Associated After Concussion?\nAnswer: Results from this study indicate that physical activity after the injury may not be universally detrimental to the recovery of concussion symptoms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7dd78e3e1c1b46bfada46cec62f88ca4", "input": "Question: Does vitamin D 20,000 IU per Week for Five Years Prevent Progression From Prediabetes to Diabetes?\nAnswer: In subjects without vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D supplementation is unlikely to prevent progression from prediabetes to diabetes. Very large studies with inclusion of vitamin D-deficient subjects will probably be needed to show such a putative effect. This study tested if supplementation with vitamin D to subjects with prediabetes will prevent progression to type 2 diabetes (T2DM).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-105644208df742fea0c2a00679ca9712", "input": "Question: Is [ Older age related to hemorrhagic transformation and favorable outcomes in patients with wake-up ischemic stroke undergoing intravenous thrombolytic therapy ]?\nAnswer: Older age is not related to the favorable outcome or hemorrhagic transformation in WUIS patients undergoing multimodal image-guided intravenous thrombolytic therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2844a6cf585a41b1bf8b4b866e0ceac4", "input": "Question: Does treatment with anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody affect lupus nephritis in MRL/lpr mice?\nAnswer: Treatment with monoclonal anti-HMGB-1 antibody 2G7 does not affect development of lupus nephritis, disease progression or pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in MRL/lpr mice. This indicates that blocking of HMGB1 by this neutralizing antibody does not affect lupus nephritis in MRL/lpr mice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aea468efe1e641269c0b8f5dcce6accf", "input": "Question: Is methylprednisolone Pulse Treatment of Graves ' Ophthalmopathy Associated with Secondary Adrenocortical Insufficiency?\nAnswer: Transient suppression of the HPA axis with secondary adrenocortical insufficiency does not seem to be a common phenomenon after intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy for GO. Therefore, routine precautions are not necessary. However, our results do not exclude that transient secondary adrenocortical insufficiency might occur occasionally.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e995fa488b94d8e9522bf0e9d4f7b95", "input": "Question: Is transesophageal Echocardiographic Measurement of Cardiac Index by the Prosthetic Mitral Valve Method Similar to the Continuous Thermodilution Method Via a Pulmonary Artery Catheter?\nAnswer: A relatively weak correlation and lack of agreement between values of CI(PAC) and CI(MV) were observed in patients undergoing double-valve replacement. Therefore, transesophageal echocardiography might not be interchangeable with PAC-TD for measuring cardiac output or cardiac index. A regression equation is needed to correct the probable value of CI(PAC). CI(MV) might be useful as a quantitative or semi-quantitative cardiac output measurement.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a78b59a483d04147b47471ec149609f5", "input": "Question: Do [ Anticholinergics affect the sexual function in women diagnosed with multiple sclerosis ]?\nAnswer: In this limited series of \"naive\" patients with MS, no impact of anticholinergic therapy on vaginal lubrication or sexual quality was observed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-192d7d9200364c6a86009f11c2671bc7", "input": "Question: Does co-administration of cisplatin and curcumin alter mood-associated behaviors?\nAnswer: According to the results of the present study, we concluded that curcumin might be regarded as a safe adjuvant in cisplatin chemotherapy in terms of the mood-associated behaviors (Fig. 4, Ref. 41).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b1af191e4aac42c7b6517336adaa5d05", "input": "Question: Does bicuspid aortic valve hemodynamics promote remodeling in porcine aortic wall concavity?\nAnswer: The hemodynamic stress environment present in the concavity of type-I LR-BAV AA does not cause any significant change in proteolytic enzyme expression and activity as compared to that present in the TAV AA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b498b40ac2924420a9d66e5e9dc6a568", "input": "Question: Does epidural analgesia increase the rate of inpatient falls after major upper abdominal and thoracic surgery : a retrospective case-control study?\nAnswer: Our study suggests that postoperative epidural analgesia for patients undergoing major upper abdominal and thoracic surgery is not associated with an increased risk of inpatient falls.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6383f307ddba45218408d2b731f17c37", "input": "Question: Do pain and disability influence psychological and social factors at work among sick-listed patients with neck and back pain?\nAnswer: Sick-listed patients with neck and back pain who had concurrent anxiety or depression reported increased psychological and social challenges at work. To provide suitable treatment in the clinical setting, further attention should be paid to the interaction between anxiety or depression and perceived job strain.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bbd85b10cef541279afcdc836256abe2", "input": "Question: Does a null mutation in ANGPTL8 associate with either plasma glucose or type 2 diabetes in humans?\nAnswer: Disruption of ANGPTL8 function in humans does not seem to have a large effect on measures of glucose tolerance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-18ac8d7832b04909b839457f6cb28c65", "input": "Question: Does mirtazapine improve sleep disorders in Alzheimer 's disease : results from a double-blind , placebo-controlled pilot study?\nAnswer: This study showed no significant therapeutic effects of 15-mg mirtazapine in community-dwelling Alzheimer's disease patients with sleep disorders. Instead, this study found evidence of worsening of daytime sleep patterns.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-beb57adfb3ac45f4bd07a19ec22810c2", "input": "Question: Is vEGF-C expression a prognostic factor in locally advanced colon adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: The study results indicate that expression of VEGF-C in cells of locally advanced pT3-4 adenocarcinoma of the colon does not affect the survival time of the patients. Increased expression of VEGF-C is accompanied by a significant increase in vessel density in the pT3-4 tumour stroma. Increased expression of VEGF-C in cancer cells is related to the tumour location in the left side of the colon and better tumour differentiation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-be39bcc461984bf89218060eb8451332", "input": "Question: Does exacerbation of headache during dihydroergotamine for chronic migraine alter outcome?\nAnswer: After controlling for nausea and other factors, headache exacerbation with DHE infusions is not an independent predictor of poor headache outcome and clinicians should not interpret its presence as a reason to stop treatment. The focus of management should be on controlling nausea as it is the most important modifiable factor in achieving a good headache outcome with an inpatient course of IV DHE for chronic migraine.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9d0741f05154b4d85f6a1369b1fabec", "input": "Question: Does the morphology of high frequency oscillations ( HFO ) improve delineating the epileptogenic zone?\nAnswer: HFO types 1 and 2 similarly reflect epileptogenicity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a8eb6db0a4048b181530640d4281e70", "input": "Question: Does lipofilling of the Breast Increase the Risk of Recurrence of Breast Cancer : A Matched Controlled Study?\nAnswer: The study results showed no increase in locoregional recurrence, systemic recurrence, or second breast cancer. These findings support the oncologic safety of lipofilling in breast reconstruction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bed145f42a904b149e1ad3dece0e2099", "input": "Question: Does aspirin reduce the clinical benefits of the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms : an analysis of the EMPHASIS-HF study?\nAnswer: Aspirin use in patients with chronic systolic heart failure and mild symptoms did not substantially reduce the overall beneficial effects of the MRA eplerenone contrary to what has been described in some studies with ACE inhibitors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-760e362ea39e4e4ca80a05bd7fc9517a", "input": "Question: Do intubated Trauma Patients Require Full Trauma Team Activation when Effectively Triaged?\nAnswer: When appropriately triaged, selected intubated trauma patients do not require full trauma activation to receive timely, efficient care.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-935cfb5f8a924420bb064d9fabef8d82", "input": "Question: Does increased pain relief with remifentanil improve the success rate of external cephalic version : a randomized controlled trial?\nAnswer: Remifentanil for analgesia decreased external cephalic version-related pain but did not increase the success rate of external cephalic version at term and appeared to be associated with an increased frequency of mild adverse effects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0cdd72bd16044a9785d89fe34b9ad8ff", "input": "Question: Is serum CETP concentration associated with measures of body fat : The NEO study?\nAnswer: In this population-based study, there was no evidence for clinically relevant associations between several measures of body fat and serum CETP concentration. This finding implies that adipose tissue does not contribute to the CETP pool in serum.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b16f63a39bf8460dabb7b9350f71ff6b", "input": "Question: Does trimetazidine alter metabolic substrate oxidation in cardiac mitochondria of target patient population?\nAnswer: Using myocardial tissue from CAD patients, we found that trimetazidine (applied chronically in vivo or acutely in vitro) had no effect on cardiac fatty acid and carbohydrate oxidation, suggesting that the clinical effects of trimetazidine are unlikely to be due to its metabolic effects, but rather to an as yet unidentified intracardiac mechanism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fcfaee5fc503470b85d543a3dd8a95fd", "input": "Question: Is prosthetic alignment after total knee replacement associated with dissatisfaction or change in Oxford Knee Score : A multivariable regression analysis?\nAnswer: Neither mechanical axis, nor component alignment, is associated with dissatisfaction at one year following TKR. Patients get the best outcome when pain reduction and function improvement are optimal during the first three months and when the indication to embark on surgery is based on physical limitations rather than on a high pain score.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a1929193dfc34831a931e8228a59b4d4", "input": "Question: Is routine contrast enema required for all infants prior to ostomy reversal : A 10-year single-center experience?\nAnswer: Routine CE is not required prior to small bowel ostomy reversal in infants. We recommend judicious use of enema studies in patients with NEC and high likelihood of stricture.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-882eb62b04534ae69f61f91de6b33c16", "input": "Question: Does the pre-operative rate of growth of colorectal metastases in patients selected for liver resection influence post-operative disease-free survival?\nAnswer: The rate of growth of colorectal liver metastases prior to surgery should not be used as a prognostic factor when considering the role of resection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-537b778536a046c09642acca096130de", "input": "Question: Do cardiovascular malformations caused by NOTCH1 mutations keep left : data on 428 probands with left-sided CHD and their families?\nAnswer: Pathogenic mutations in NOTCH1 were identified in 7% of familial LS-CHD and in 1% of sporadic LS-CHD. The penetrance is high; a cardiovascular malformation was found in 75% of NOTCH1 mutation carriers. The phenotypic spectrum includes LS-CHD, RS-CHD, CTD, and TAA. Testing NOTCH1 for an early diagnosis in LS-CHD/RS-CHD/CTD/TAA is warranted.Genet Med 18 9, 914-923.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-68f7125d5af64249af2fdb58aaa1c5a7", "input": "Question: Does clinical DRUJ instability influence the long-term functional outcome of conservatively treated distal radius fractures?\nAnswer: The presence of clinical DRUJ instability does not seem to affect functional outcome of conservatively treated distal radius fractures at long-term follow-up.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-54fc0ede227a49e8bb2173394c77f18b", "input": "Question: Is glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency in Brazilian Children With Sickle Cell Anemia Associated With Clinical Ischemic Stroke or High-Risk Transcranial Doppler?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrated that G6PD molecular deficiency was not associated either with clinical ischemic stroke or high-risk TCD. Similarly, we found no associations between G6PD enzyme activity and stroke or high-risk TCD. Small sample size precludes definitive conclusions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1885f09163d04ea38f1dd7923dbfddd1", "input": "Question: Is lactate Clearance in Septic Shock a Surrogate for Improved Microcirculatory Flow?\nAnswer: We observed no association between degree of LC and change in microcirculatory blood flow in patients with septic shock. These data suggest against the hypothesis that LC may be used as a surrogate marker of microcirculatory blood flow.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-86b37e286e8d4382b10b3c259ef35585", "input": "Question: Does myeloid interferon-\u03b3 receptor deficiency affect atherosclerosis in LDLR ( -/- ) mice?\nAnswer: Overall, our data argue against a role for myeloid IFN\u03b3R2 in atherosclerosis development. Since myeloid IFN\u03b3 signaling seems to be nonessential throughout atherogenesis, it is important to understand the mechanisms by which IFN\u03b3 acts in atherogenesis. In the future new studies should be performed considering other cell-specific targets.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c6dc6bbfbbde4c24af0708b3cbc67d06", "input": "Question: Does iatrogenic Subclinical Hyperthyroidism Promote Weight Loss?\nAnswer: Among total thyroidectomy patients, weight change did not differ between SCH patients and euthyroid patients at years 1 through 3. As such, the use of levothyroxine to induce SCH did not lead to long-term weight change when compared with euthyroid patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-07a9e3f907774f38934c264d4496819e", "input": "Question: Does hepatitis E Virus Contribute to Hepatic Decompensation Among Patients With Advanced Chronic Hepatitis C?\nAnswer: HEV does not appear to be a significant cause of hepatic decompensation among persons with previously stable, advanced chronic hepatitis C in the United States.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5c0ce04c5d446958b759ff4199f009c", "input": "Question: Do standard Biocompatibility Studies Predict All Effects of PVA/CMC Anti-Adhesive Gel in vivo?\nAnswer: Comparing the standardized ISO10993 methods, anti-adhesive PVA/CMC gel displays good biocompatibility. However, those methods do not seem to be sensitive enough because the rabbit abdominal wall and the end-to-end anastomosis models display more effects with respect to the dosage and routes of the intra-abdominal resorption of PVA/CMC gel - with the recommended <2 ml PVA/CMC gel per kg body weight as a secure dosage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-08e3cf9619ac46c39edaa0aa6cba4683", "input": "Question: Is atopic dermatitis associated with actinic keratosis : cross-sectional results from the Rotterdam study?\nAnswer: AD in community-dwelling patients is not associated with AK.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1463f313c23a4e0aaa545be998bd6f54", "input": "Question: Is early indoor aeroallergen exposure associated with development of sensitization or allergic rhinitis in high-risk children?\nAnswer: Perinatal indoor aeroallergen exposure does not seem to affect development of allergic sensitization or rhinitis during childhood questioning the relevance of allergen avoidance as a preventive measure. Other factors such as timing of allergen exposure or other environmental adjuvants may contribute in a more complex pathway to sensitization.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-165d2c6067494dcd86774323ead9642c", "input": "Question: Is use of Diuretics associated with mortality in patients admitted to the emergency department : results from a cross-sectional study?\nAnswer: Use of diuretics is not associated with mortality in an unselected cohort of patients presenting in an emergency room.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a99f377acdfd4ecf9f9d8ba1239bc074", "input": "Question: Does disease Activity Explain It All : How Internalizing Symptoms and Caregiver Depressive Symptoms Relate to Health-related Quality of Life Among Youth with Inflammatory Bowel Disease?\nAnswer: Greater DA independently relates to poorer HRQoL. In addition, DA relates to greater child internalizing problems which in turn relate to higher levels of caregiver depressive symptoms and poorer HRQoL. Providers may consider a family-based approach to screen for internalizing problems, especially in patients with active disease, because caregiver and child mood symptoms may partially explain worsening child HRQoL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed6543e9fddd484b80ccf3dee51b5eaa", "input": "Question: Does preoperative infliximab therapy increase morbidity and mortality after laparoscopic resection for inflammatory bowel disease?\nAnswer: This study is subject to the limitations of a retrospective design.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5cb14d0417a44437a9b776618ee02c74", "input": "Question: Does health-related quality of life predict mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?\nAnswer: There was no significant relationship between HRQL evaluated with the SGRQ and the subsequent mortality in IPF. The present negative result might suggest that HRQL is measuring an aspect other than one from physiological and functional impairment or disability.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-70807ff501b246559a73e0078114af52", "input": "Question: Is coxa profunda a useful radiographic parameter for diagnosing pincer-type femoroacetabular impingement?\nAnswer: Coxa profunda should be considered a normal radiographic finding, at least in females. Coxa profunda is a nonspecific radiographic finding, seen in a variety of hip disorders and asymptomatic hips. The presence of coxa profunda is neither necessary nor sufficient to support a diagnosis of pincer-type femoroacetabular impingement.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ee430a0b83b476fa90b5ebeee7a7930", "input": "Question: Does n-acetylcysteine administration improve patient outcome after liver resection?\nAnswer: In spite of promising experimental evidence, this study was not able to demonstrate any advantage in the routine administration of peri-operative NAC in patients undergoing a liver resection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a1f06d8e52804e5e8222407b80a2a560", "input": "Question: Does conservative antibiotic policy in patients undergoing non-trauma cranial surgery result in higher rates of postoperative meningitis : an audit of nine years of narrow-spectrum prophylaxis?\nAnswer: In non-trauma neurosurgical patients undergoing elective cranial procedures, a conservative prophylactic antibiotic policy is effective in achieving low rates of bacterial meningitis with low rates of MDR infections. Therefore, our results make a compelling case for a conservative prophylactic antibiotic policy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2cee5b14abfe4a34adfbed7ecaa1695f", "input": "Question: Are type II endoleaks after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm always a benign condition?\nAnswer: Not all T2Es are benign. Recurrent as well as persistent T2Es are prone to life-threatening complications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd23acefef854e0fad3df6a9b5745426", "input": "Question: Does non-invasive continuous arterial pressure monitoring with Nexfin sufficiently replace invasive measurements in critically ill patients?\nAnswer: Non-invasive blood pressure monitoring with Nexfin does not seem to be sufficiently accurate to replace intra-arterial invasive blood pressure measurements in critically ill patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d29687bab2d24172bd24142ed88cc567", "input": "Question: Is whole-body heat loss during exercise in the heat impaired in type 1 diabetes?\nAnswer: During light-to-moderate-intensity exercise performed under conditions permitting full sweat evaporation, otherwise healthy type 1 diabetic individuals did not show impaired heat loss responses during heat exposure when compared with matched individuals without diabetes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-69496f086bf045c092d0296ecf59deac", "input": "Question: Does kRAS mutation predict the efficacy of neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer : a systematic review and meta-analysis?\nAnswer: Based on these data, the presence of KRAS mutation does not affect tumor down-staging or cancer specific survival following neo-adjuvant CRT and surgery for rectal cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9d581c80edd040a4aeca4187d72db21f", "input": "Question: Does robotic-assistance enhance standard laparoscopic technique for right-sided donor nephrectomy?\nAnswer: In this study, robotic-assistance did not improve outcomes associated with LDN. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm any perceived benefit of RALDN.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b187b34097341d1862bf456835f7a1d", "input": "Question: Is liver transplant fellowship and resident training a part of the `` July effect ''?\nAnswer: OLTs in the month of April had significantly improved outcomes, and OLTs in the month of December had significantly decreased outcomes. These months do not correlate with the beginning of new trainees; therefore, there is no July effect observed in liver transplant fellowship and resident training.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-530113a58a63486f843e61ea9bd066ef", "input": "Question: Are elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia treated according to current guidelines?\nAnswer: While medical treatment mainly concurred with guidelines, a potential for reduced costs by early discharge planning and use of systematic assessment tools for site-of-care and treatment decisions was indicated. The lack of systematic interventions in the prevention and treatment of malnutrition and functional decline constitutes a threat to a successful final patient outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f088254a4bcd4865892dd8b4641540e1", "input": "Question: Do clinical impression and ascites appearance rule out bacterial peritonitis?\nAnswer: Physician clinical impression, which included an assessment of fluid appearance, had poor sensitivity for the detection of SBP and cannot be used to exclude the diagnosis. Routine laboratory fluid analysis is indicated after ED paracentesis, even in patients considered to have a low degree of suspicion for SBP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-195f9da8d4b04b54994f2a3e3a829b86", "input": "Question: Is time to first antibiotics for pneumonia associated with in-hospital mortality?\nAnswer: Shorter TTFA is not associated with improved inpatient mortality. TTFA should not be considered to be a marker of quality of care but rather a reflection of patient disease severity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-305c43e22fa346548c059d17109fc010", "input": "Question: Are first-time parents well enough prepared for the safety of their infant?\nAnswer: First-time parents are not well prepared for the safety of their infant, causing unnecessary risks. The various parents' safety behaviours were influenced by different variables, for example, age of the infant, crawling of the infant, mother's educational level, mother's ethnicity, self-efficacy, vulnerability, severity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b14667d3b51241748aeaf2009d18b67c", "input": "Question: Do young colorectal carcinoma patients have a poorer prognosis : a comparative review of 2,426 cases?\nAnswer: Although presenting with advanced tumors and with poorer prognostic factors such as presence of mucin and poor histological differentiation, young CRC patients do not have a worse prognosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce46b033a0d046189ca48102b6e31888", "input": "Question: Do dihydrotestosterone and bicalutamide affect periostin expression in androgen-dependent LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines?\nAnswer: We confirmed the role of POSTN in promoting cancer cell growth. Although POSTN transcription is not likely to be androgen-dependent, the fact that increased cell proliferation POSTN-mediated was impaired by BIC suggests an androgen modulation of POSTN interaction proteins.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d504d309f82341908fec451e0610922f", "input": "Question: Are ammonia and female sex hormones concentrations in human preovulatory follicular fluid directly related?\nAnswer: Ammonia production is not directly related to intrafollicular female sex hormones concentrations. The accumulation of ammonia is likely to account for the alkaline pH of the human preovulatory FF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b6a532aea98f43a580b12279f64d2f48", "input": "Question: Does high-magnification sperm selection decrease the aneuploidy rate in patients who are heterozygous for reciprocal translocations?\nAnswer: For patients who are heterozygous for reciprocal translocations, MSOME does not improve the selection of euploid spermatozoa.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a20505b292d946baaabb73eedcd8e4d4", "input": "Question: Do common underlying diseases contribute in determining the causes of sudden unexplained death?\nAnswer: Common underlying diseases make no obvious contributions to SUD and are not useful in diagnosing the underlying reasons for death.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-47bd8421377f47ad8243eb1cffc7f137", "input": "Question: Is short-interval intracortical inhibition affected by varying visual feedback in an isometric task in biceps brachii muscle?\nAnswer: SICI was not altered by performing the same task with differing visual feedback. However, SICI decreased with increasing submaximal torque providing further evidence that SICI is one mechanism of modulating cortical excitability and plays a role in force gradation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-be9308bdcb5945ec9580e6e2016ed634", "input": "Question: Is mHC-driven HIV-1 control on the long run systematically determined at early times post-HIV-1 infection?\nAnswer: Our study highlighted independent effects of HLA-B and HLA-C alleles on HIV-disease progression. Furthermore, some alleles appeared to be specifically associated with either long-term control or early virological parameters, suggesting different immunological mechanisms according to the disease stages.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3eccaa4e845448688cdf32c70bb1f8f6", "input": "Question: Are thymidylate synthase and folyl-polyglutamate synthase clinically useful markers of response to pemetrexed in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma?\nAnswer: Although previous retrospective data suggest that TS and FPGS expression might be potential markers of Pem efficacy in MPM, our data indicate these markers lack sufficient predictive value in individual patients and should not be used to guide therapeutic decisions in the absence of prospective studies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b1362bcac944c509d571635755c7694", "input": "Question: Do perioperative blood transfusions impact overall and disease-free survival after curative rectal cancer resection : a propensity score analysis?\nAnswer: This is the first propensity score-based analysis providing compelling evidence that worse oncological outcomes after curative rectal cancer resection in patients receiving perioperative blood transfusions are caused by the clinical circumstances requiring transfusions, not due to the blood transfusions themselves. Therefore, concerns about overall and disease-free survival should be no issue in the decision-making regarding perioperative blood transfusions in patients undergoing curative rectal cancer resection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac62fe60c06a47bab43554bc8af6025e", "input": "Question: Does bactericidal activity predict sterilizing activity : the case of rifapentine in the murine model of Mycobacterium ulcerans disease?\nAnswer: The better bactericidal activity of daily STR+RIF and especially of STR+RPT did not translate into better prevention of relapse, possibly because relapse-freecure after treatment of Buruli ulcer is more related to the reversal of mycolactone-induced local immunodeficiency by drug treatment rather than to the bactericidal potency of drugs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-81f223c0d6a84b30b5c302bffa9d2a96", "input": "Question: Is chronic low back pain-associated paraspinal muscle dysfunction the result of a constitutionally determined `` adverse '' fiber-type composition?\nAnswer: In the patients with chronic low back pain tested, their associated paraspinal muscle dysfunction was not the result of a constitutionally determined \"adverse\" fiber type composition.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9aa28d75268048a7bc59aea45f94c55b", "input": "Question: Does prevention of ischemic mitral regurgitation influence the outcome of remodeling after posterolateral myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: Prophylactic ventricular restraint reduces infarct expansion, attenuates adverse remodeling, and reduces IMR severity. Prevention of IMR by prophylactic ring annuloplasty does not influence remodeling. Ischemic mitral regurgitation is a consequence, not a cause, of postinfarction remodeling; infarct expansion is the more important therapeutic target.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb6556e83ecc4a4b8ae4686213f34d74", "input": "Question: Is the E-selectin S128R polymorphism a risk factor for coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2?\nAnswer: In subjects suffering from diabetes mellitus type 2 the E-selectin S128R polymorphism is not associated with coronary artery disease nor with an increased risk for myocardial infarction. Thus, screening for this polymorphism is not indicated for risk assessment of CAD in patients with diabetes mellitus.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ad8933ff6064e62af114d692cf24c8f", "input": "Question: Does atorvastatin affect the antiplatelet potency of clopidogrel when it is administered concomitantly for 5 weeks in patients with acute coronary syndromes?\nAnswer: Atorvastatin does not affect the antiplatelet potency of clopidogrel when coadministered for 5 weeks in ACS patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bc1e5b5d4c284fb6bdaa654002930de1", "input": "Question: Do tSH receptor antibodies alter the function of gonadotropin receptors stably expressed in eukaryotic cells?\nAnswer: Our results confirm the notion of the organ-specific nature of the TSHr antibodies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b660ee5c24da4da39f17d9e369768ba2", "input": "Question: Does the presence of emphysema affect the systemic bioactivity of inhaled fluticasone in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?\nAnswer: Severe COPD patients who are receiving high dose FP are susceptible to the development of systemic adverse effects, irrespective of the presence of emphysema.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a80f500bd2ae475c910b306ed2632b53", "input": "Question: Does raloxifene therapy affect uterine blood flow in postmenopausal women : a transvaginal Doppler study?\nAnswer: In the group studied here, raloxifene treatment at the dose of 60 mg per day for 6 months did not induce significant changes in endometrial thickness, uterine volume or uterine artery perfusion, confirming that short-term raloxifene treatment does not affect the uterus of postmenopausal women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e1cb19f9bda4568ab12367c6d9705cb", "input": "Question: Does [ Type of electric currents used for standard endoscopic sphincterotomy determine the type of complications ]?\nAnswer: Development of complications after standard EST such as hyperamylasemia, clinical pancreatitis, and bleeding may not depend on the electric current used.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-de5f44877a644137bd4ba54aa8a6e511", "input": "Question: Is large artery stiffness related to plasma cholesterol in older subjects with hypertension?\nAnswer: In the largest cohort of elderly hypertensive subjects studied to date, plasma cholesterol per se was not associated with large artery stiffness. Such independence from cholesterol increases the potential for artery stiffness measurements to additionally contribute to cardiovascular risk assessment in this population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec52cf852e4648968e9ad984172bef33", "input": "Question: Do synovial concentrations of the angiogenic peptides bFGF and VEGF discriminate rheumatoid arthritis from other forms of inflammatory arthritis?\nAnswer: Both serum bFGF and VEGF concentrations were increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Patients treated with steroids had lower synovial fluid bFGF concentrations. Synovial fluid levels of bFGF and VEGF were elevated but could not be used to distinguish rheumatoid arthritis from other forms of inflammatory arthritis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-549543b59c2d4956bc2a33dfd8cf0def", "input": "Question: Does whole-body UVB ( TL-01 ) or UVA-1 irradiation alter the levels of immunomodulatory cytokines in the serum of human volunteers?\nAnswer: It seems unlikely that a modulation in these circulating cytokines assessed in this study accounts for systemic UV-induced immunosuppression in human subjects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d3377b4be7b344e29d43d54ebd22eba7", "input": "Question: Do small early tubular adenomas and mixed colonic polyps found on screening flexible sigmoidoscopy predict proximal neoplasia in males?\nAnswer: Small ETAs, serrated, or mixed polyps found on flexible sigmoidoscopic examination do not increase the probability of synchronous proximal neoplasia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8695b5b391d14e0f84b1735f6942cd6d", "input": "Question: Do thinner needles influence injection pain , insulin leakage or bleeding in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes?\nAnswer: We found no difference in injection pain, preference, bleeding or insulin leakage between the needles. Decreasing the needle diameter from 0.4 to 0.3 mm (27-30G) does not seem to decrease pain perception in this age group.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e1eec4ec9e8945da918e652364122fe8", "input": "Question: Do why hypertensive patients comply with the treatment : results from a qualitative study?\nAnswer: Most of the factors related to poor compliance have implications for patient management. Knowing patients' priorities regarding the most important aspects of care that have high potential for low compliance may be helpful in improvement of the quality of hypertensive patient care.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a7a8e84470d43339f8a1a2dc9b1354e", "input": "Question: Is additional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction of peripheral slices superior to analysis of the central slice in sentinel lymph nodes from melanoma patients?\nAnswer: Molecular analysis of peripheral slices yielded six additional patients (10%) positive by RT-PCR who were initially negative by standard RT-PCR of the central slice. However, three of these six patients were found to express only MelanA but not tyrosinase. As MelanA expression was also found in 13% of control lymph nodes, positive MelanA expression alone in SLNs of melanoma patients requires cautious interpretation in order to avoid false-positive findings. Thus, additional molecular processing of peripheral slices did not significantly increase the number of patients with RT-PCR-positive SLNs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b775395b1434a19aae5999146d559b5", "input": "Question: Does desflurane accelerate recovery from operations of short duration : a practice audit?\nAnswer: Our results show that in short procedures the use of desflurane does not necessarily result in faster patient recovery or discharge from the PACU.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2fcd0d6d91b04e6b82386cade7eb6561", "input": "Question: Does supplementary cleaning remove protein deposits from re-usable laryngeal mask devices?\nAnswer: Supplementary cleaning using a rotating brush, plaque or protein removing solution does not facilitate removal of protein deposits from re-usable LMAs; however, the infectious risk associated with the protein deposits remains to be determined.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6a0200f052c94cb9a6458501d589c518", "input": "Question: Is a difficult airway more prevalent in patients suffering from spasmodic torticollis : a case series?\nAnswer: This study assesses the frequency of difficult intubation in patients suffering from spasmodic torticollis. When compared to the general population, these patients do not appear to have a higher frequency of difficult airway or difficult intubation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-31325cb4ef4a43dea9c5a1361bb7227b", "input": "Question: Does an increased circulating blood volume prevent hypotension after pheochromocytoma resection?\nAnswer: Expansion of the CBV by alpha-blocker therapy was related to lower blood pressures after resection of the pheochromocytoma. Expansion of the CBV by an alpha blocker may have increased the elastance of blood vessels. Preoperative blood volume expansion does not preclude hypotension after tumour resection. Although the CBV value itself is not a predictor for hypotension after tumour resection, pulse dye-densitometry provides values of CO and CBV simultaneously, assisting in the management of volume resuscitation and/or the need for catecholamines.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c1586ea3dd0a4119b41bd71f19d60b2a", "input": "Question: Is it always appendicitis?\nAnswer: Most patients presenting with acute right-sided peritonitic pain are diagnosed and managed as cases of acute appendicitis. Acute pain in the lower right side of the abdomen caused by appendiceal diverticulitis is very rare and clinically indistinguishable from acute appendicitis. Inflammatory complications of appendiceal diverticula mimic acute appendicitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4add52d0d32d4e05ae8f38072db4318a", "input": "Question: Does [ Iatrogenic perforation of the gallbladder during laparoscopic cholecystectomy influence the prognosis . Prospective study ]?\nAnswer: Peroperative gallbladder perforation during LC carries no morbidity, provided a total and complete recuperation of gallstones spilled and local treatment of bile contamination with local irrigation and antibiotics. This complication is correlated to the surgeon's skill and experience.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7bacf14590344f379b5723ca157b3d50", "input": "Question: Is autologous blood donation in total knee arthroplasties necessary?\nAnswer: Total knee arthroplasty can be managed without preoperative AB-donation if it is performed using a tourniquet, if a postoperative collection and direct retransfusion system is used for the wound blood, and if the transfusion algorithm is defined according to compulsory and practical guidelines.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e3a891ca57d445c9ad17b666bbb471d", "input": "Question: Does the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine change rectal sensitivity and symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome : a double blind , randomized , placebo-controlled study?\nAnswer: Fluoxetine does not change rectal sensitivity in IBS patients. Possible beneficial effects on pain perception need to be confirmed in larger trials.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9ded1c1436844d4b16002493ae28087", "input": "Question: Does valerian appear to reduce symptoms for patients with chronic insomnia in general practice using a series of randomised n-of-1 trials?\nAnswer: Valerian was not shown to be appreciably better than placebo in promoting sleep or sleep-related factors for any individual patient or for all patients as a group.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8c496c3c42cc4caaad687173e9a72956", "input": "Question: Does administration of beta2-adrenergic agonists during the peri-implantation period improve implantation or pregnancy rates in intracytoplasmic sperm injection ( ICSI ) cycles?\nAnswer: The results of this study do not support the routine use of beta2-adrenergic agonists during the peri-implantation period in assisted reproductive technology cycles.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-70a958f5c1eb48b58606fb518e21351e", "input": "Question: Is donor history of asthma a contraindication to lung transplantation : 12-year single-center experience?\nAnswer: The use of lungs from carefully selected lung donors with a history of asthma may increase the donor pool with acceptable long-term outcomes. The use of fatal asthma donors remains problematic.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec98331cfef64c9e89031bfbce7aac6f", "input": "Question: Do patients with temporoparietal ictal symptoms and inferomesial EEG benefit from anterior temporal resection?\nAnswer: We conclude that anterior and inferomesial interictal epileptiform temporal discharges and at times even intracranial EEG monitoring may be misleading. Anteromesial temporal resection is ineffective in patients with posterior temporoparietal clinical ictal features.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b0415545b7254afa8316df034edddb5a", "input": "Question: Does glutathione S-Transferase Omega 1 variation influence age at onset of Huntington 's disease?\nAnswer: The GSTO1 and GSTO2 genes flanked by the investigated polymorphisms are not comprised in a primary candidate region influencing AO in HD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eabf850e11cb4f44bfc76468c4cb31e9", "input": "Question: Is age at natural menopause linked with the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor region : a sib-pair study?\nAnswer: Possibly, age at natural menopause in the more or less normal range is not part of the spectrum of phenotypes determined by mutations in the FSH-receptor gene. Alternatively, our results might be explained by genetic heterogeneity in the left tail of the distribution of menopausal age. This can limit the chance of finding a genetic locus, especially if this factor has a modest contribution to the phenotype.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d333153af8941fa9fc8d57d72d1798a", "input": "Question: Are p16INK4A gene alterations a prognostic indicator for survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing curative hepatectomy?\nAnswer: p16INK4A is altered frequently and early in HCC, being the predominant mechanism of inactivation promoter hypermethylation. The present results suggest that the p16INK4A gene plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HCC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-322b6eb3f98544939ce5d7142e1750c8", "input": "Question: Does alexithymia predict the persistence of medically unexplained physical symptoms?\nAnswer: Outcome of the UPS and general health perception at follow-up are not strongly associated and are predicted by different variables. Alexithymia, however, is not an important predictor for the outcome in the majority of UPS patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7012030400a2401a8e1065daadc75abe", "input": "Question: Is normal tension glaucoma associated with the common apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms?\nAnswer: ApoE gene polymorphisms are not linked to normal tension glaucoma, suggesting that this gene does not have a role in the pathogenesis of optic neuropathy in this disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-428761a3ecc049f6a36077484c69c705", "input": "Question: Are kinetics of rotavirus infection in mice altered in a ground-based model of spaceflight?\nAnswer: These data are the first examination of the mucosal immune response to an enteric viral pathogen under simulated spaceflight conditions and indicate that rotavirus immunity was not impacted in this model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8d43b7b64e14599ba17c2f07c875db9", "input": "Question: Do patients with extratemporal lobe epilepsy differ from healthy subjects with respect to subcortical volumes?\nAnswer: We concluded that extratemporal lobe epilepsy in general is not associated with diminished volumes in the studied subcortical structures, which contrasts with findings in temporal lobe epilepsy patients. Thus, both entities differ both cortically and subcortically. However, we found that small putamen volume was bilaterally associated with absent or rare generalised tonic-clonic seizures, implicating the putamen in the control of the most disabling seizure type, independent of the site of neocortical focus.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-abb4133a572a40b29fd1d080ec2ed193", "input": "Question: Does clopidogrel increase bleeding and allogenic blood transfusion in coronary artery surgery?\nAnswer: The results of this study suggest that preoperative use of clopidogrel is not associated with increased bleeding and need for surgical exploration as well as risk of blood and blood product transfusion after CABG.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-10c4cafc36c34f62b991e2b634bad585", "input": "Question: Does cardioplegic arrest increase the risk of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery?\nAnswer: Neither cardiopulmonary bypass nor cardioplegic arrest increases the risk of postoperative AF after CABG.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-17cc708098814e1d8fadc4914a02a87c", "input": "Question: Is morphine the only analgesic in palliative care : literature review?\nAnswer: Nurses need to be aware of treatment options that may benefit patients with difficult pain problems. Although positive experiences have been documented when using alternatives to morphine, more research must be conducted to allow practitioners to add more pharmaceutical alternatives to their pain management armouries.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-382e50fb41744edfa627fdd78ac43f82", "input": "Question: Are routine pouchograms necessary after continent urinary diversion?\nAnswer: Our findings indicate that routine pouchograms before pouch activation after continent urinary diversion may not be necessary.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-251be9d08ac4450f87d4ca3b8bfb5798", "input": "Question: Does fatty acid translocase/CD36 deficiency energetically or functionally compromise hearts before or after ischemia?\nAnswer: FAT/CD36-deficient hearts are not energetically or functionally compromised and are not more sensitive to ischemic injury because glucose oxidation can compensate for the loss of fatty acid-derived ATP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b4fe3a3f2824f31a17eeafa0e28781d", "input": "Question: Does fludrocortisone prevent orthostatic hypotension in astronauts after spaceflight?\nAnswer: Treatment with a single dose of fludrocortisone results in protection of plasma volume but no protection of orthostatic tolerance. Fludrocortisone is not recommended as a countermeasure for spaceflight-induced orthostatic intolerance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-093584acd9344a988b630b9c757e97da", "input": "Question: Does reduced lighting improve medical outcomes in very low birth weight infants?\nAnswer: This randomized trial of continuous light reduction in the first few weeks of life for very low birth weight infants showed no effect on medical outcomes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-77438b836c61405aaa8ea7ae612e8245", "input": "Question: Does complete surgical lymph node resection prevent authentic recurrences of medullary thyroid carcinoma?\nAnswer: 3.3% of patients not cured at the last visit had a recurrent MTC. This recurrence occurred whatever the stage, and even if the primary surgery for MTC was a priori complete. These results emphasize the need for a regular biochemical follow-up because recurrence may appear many years after the initial surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e32fd84cf1ca49bbbf0aaf98e2c755eb", "input": "Question: Is risk of death from intercurrent disease excessively increased by modern postoperative radiotherapy for high-risk resected non-small-cell lung carcinoma?\nAnswer: Modern postoperative XRT for NSCLC does not excessively increase the risk of intercurrent deaths. Further study of postoperative XRT, particularly when using more sophisticated treatment planning and reasonable total doses, for carefully selected high-risk resected NSCLC is warranted.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-68eb806476e545eca96c2a8de602c356", "input": "Question: Does short-term oral estrogen replacement therapy augment endothelium-independent myocardial perfusion in postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: Short-term oral ERT does not affect myocardial perfusion at rest in response to adenosine or MPR in healthy postmenopausal women. Thus potential beneficial effects of ERT on vasomotor function may be limited to enhancement of endothelium-dependent vasodilative mechanisms affecting conduit vessels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd4c8447cfaf4ef3b544deed18930c61", "input": "Question: Is sexual dimorphism in circulating leptin concentrations accounted for by differences in adipose tissue distribution?\nAnswer: The sexual dimorphism in the relationship between leptin and adipose tissue mass cannot be explained by differences in the relative amounts of VAT and SAT. Thus, the sexual dimorphism in plasma leptin concentration appears to reflect, at least in part, effects of circulating concentrations of gonadal steroids (especially androgens) and/or primary genetic differences that are independent of amounts of VAT or SAT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ccac894569fc4e7f8bdf7ac6d487c694", "input": "Question: Do colonisation density and topographic localisation of Helicobacter pylori depend on the cagA status?\nAnswer: Antibody titres do not correlate with H pylori density and there is no difference in density between cagA(+) and cagA(-)H pylori strains. In addition there is no difference in topographic localisation between cagA(+) and cagA(-) H pylori strains.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a3a638c0b6d74301a3cbf80fedd66b59", "input": "Question: Is hemicrania continua that rare?\nAnswer: Hemicrania continua is not a rare disorder. All cases of chronic unilateral daily headaches should receive an indomethacin trial early if not first in treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7fcd833dff524135b27f23c4fec91269", "input": "Question: Is the G-308A variant of the Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ( TNF-alpha ) gene associated with obesity , insulin resistance and body fat distribution?\nAnswer: Our study did not detect any significant association of the G-308A TNFalpha polymorphism with obesity or with its clinical and metabolic abnormalities in this population. Our data suggests that, in our population, the G-308A TNFalpha polymorphism is unlikely to play a major role in the pathogenesis of these conditions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-80db6e95b63f41f4a378e3882bddc6b1", "input": "Question: Does reversal of early diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities necessarily reflect tissue salvage in experimental cerebral ischemia?\nAnswer: After brief ischemic periods, normalization of the DWI does not necessarily imply that the tissue is normal. Neurons already exhibit evidence of structural damage and stress. Normal GFAP staining suggests that other nonneuronal cell populations may partially compensate for altered fluid balances at the time of DWI reversal despite the presence of neuronal injury. These observations suggest that caution is warranted when relying solely on DWI for assessment of ischemic damage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-19c815eb4bf2446a8d09d16348d5fde1", "input": "Question: Is elective groin irradiation indicated for patients with adenocarcinoma of the rectum extending to the anal canal?\nAnswer: Inguinal nodal failure in rectal cancer patients with ACI treated with neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemoradiation is not high enough to justify routine elective groin irradiation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b0bd64ae182b448fa0d8cf76e7f3305b", "input": "Question: Does conscious sedation with midazolam or propofol alter left ventricular diastolic performance in patients with preexisting diastolic dysfunction : a transmitral and tissue Doppler transthoracic echocardiography study?\nAnswer: Sedation with midazolam or propofol does not alter indices of left ventricular diastolic function in healthy patients and those with preexisting left ventricular filling abnormalities as evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5ec01b4535141cfbf0000f3aff23daa", "input": "Question: Does leptin play a major role in platelet aggregation in obesity and leptin deficiency?\nAnswer: Our data show that similar to findings in obese humans, homozygous or heterozygous leptin deficiency is associated with increased platelet aggregation compared with controls, and that higher concentrations of leptin do not increase platelet aggregation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6c897020e2d84e9c95eb911aa1ba4c65", "input": "Question: Is hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies a major cause of idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome?\nAnswer: Molecular genetic testing for hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies in patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome is of limited value.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6dd2893196dc4bbd8355dafcccdc9f0e", "input": "Question: Is morbidity after surgery for non-small cell lung carcinoma related to neoadjuvant chemotherapy?\nAnswer: Induction chemotherapy in NSCLC has no influence on postoperative morbidity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-93e4225fb9c045f5b18e5f75a3784ab3", "input": "Question: Do adventitial cells contribute to neointimal mass after balloon angioplasty of the rat common carotid artery?\nAnswer: Despite the prominent role that adventitial myofibroblasts seem to have in the postangioplasty remodeling process, they do not migrate to the medial or intimal layers in the rat carotid artery angioplasty model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-71a6d19c13004dfc9608fab975b2ed6b", "input": "Question: Impairs anterior chordal transection only regional left ventricular function but also regional right ventricular function in mitral regurgitation?\nAnswer: Anterior chordal transection during MV replacement for MR impairs not only regional LV function but also regional RV function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-18b984ea51094b7f8ea9b4119026b309", "input": "Question: Is hepatitis C virus infection associated with a marked increase in the prevalence of ophthalmic morbidity?\nAnswer: Chronic heptatitis C does not cause any marked increase in the incidence of ocular disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b491e9b9e37040f5b87b325701e3274d", "input": "Question: Does cyclosporin for severe ulcerative colitis increase the rate of perioperative complications?\nAnswer: There is no increased incidence of perioperative complications associated with the use of intravenous cyclosporin in addition to steroids in acute severe ulcerative colitis provided cyclosporin treatment is for a defined period and surgery is not delayed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-52bd52cc6b8c4c2fbe911a3d5aa6e9e6", "input": "Question: Do french intensivists apply American recommendations regarding decisions to forgo life-sustaining therapy?\nAnswer: A decision to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining therapy was implemented for half the patients who died in the French intensive care units studied. In many cases, the decision was taken without regard for one or more factors identified as relevant in U.S. guidelines.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f6f0be770bca400ba83660d921b22d21", "input": "Question: Does lung recruitment at birth improve lung function in immature lambs receiving surfactant?\nAnswer: Lung recruitment at birth does not improve the response to surfactant in immature lambs, but may instead have an adverse effect on lung function and morphology.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9c4e2bc0d9e4f6db53de58de5f4b9a0", "input": "Question: Does [ In contrast to captopril and enalapril , losartan increase mortality of gerbils after carotid ligation ]?\nAnswer: In contrast to oral preadministration of enalapril and captopril that of losartan does not increase the mortality of the gerbil after unilateral carotid ligation in spite of the same decrease in systemic blood pressure. Although a lower mortality than in controls was not observed with losartan as in the princeps study of Fernandez, these data are consistent with the demonstration by this author that angiotensin II plays a critical protective role in acute ischemia probably by promoting collateral circulation recruitment through non-AT1 receptors stimulation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-78c6fd43a1ad4b2fbf479dee7e74bea7", "input": "Question: Does topical metronidazole abate UVB-induced erythema?\nAnswer: In our vehicle, metronidazole 1% cream failed to abate the UVB-induced erythema. An activity other than the anti-inflammatory one should be suggested to explain the topical metronidazole efficacy in rosacea.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-351b48ad61d0468aa79778c16f3bc0fe", "input": "Question: Does magnesium sulfate reduce postoperative analgesic requirements?\nAnswer: Perioperative intravenous administration of magnesium sulfate did not increase CSF magnesium concentration and had no effects on postoperative pain. However, an inverse relation between cumulative postoperative analgesic consumption and the CSF magnesium concentration was observed. These results suggest that perioperative intravenous magnesium infusion may not be useful for preventing postoperative pain.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-efc4a957c7884b388046020e0b6e65a5", "input": "Question: Does cO2 pneumoperitoneum enhance tumor growth and metastasis : study of a rat cecal wall inoculation model?\nAnswer: A cecal wall inoculation model mimics the natural cascade of colon cancer growth and metastasis. CO2 pneumoperitoneum did not affect the tumor growth and metastasis to the liver and other organs when compared with laparotomy in this model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d24f9888f4a046679eeeb7297990bd94", "input": "Question: Is tamoxifen detrimental to endothelial function in postmenopausal women with breast cancer?\nAnswer: Tamoxifen does not appear to affect endothelial function in the short term in postmenopausal women with breast cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e95431766404d91b3837173ea0fd48e", "input": "Question: Does variable supplemental oxygen during recovery reduce retinal neovascular severity in experimental ROP?\nAnswer: These results support our hypothesis since both VSO conditions were significantly less effective at reducing retinal NV than constant supplemental oxygen during recovery. The possible application of these results to STOP-ROP trial is discussed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-92714d96e9854c978d3cdbf9a0a87d43", "input": "Question: Does female gender influence the magnitude of ibutilide-induced repolarization delay and incidence of torsades de pointes in an in vivo rabbit model of the acquired long QT syndrome?\nAnswer: In this in vivo rabbit model of the acquired long QT syndrome, female gender was not associated with a longer repolarization time (QT interval), an excessive change in the baseline QT interval or a higher incidence of torsades de pointes in response to ibutilide challenge.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b2f41b04fbf460e9174c0c0aed95ba7", "input": "Question: Is the intronic G13964C variant in p53 a high-risk mutation in familial breast cancer in Australia?\nAnswer: The present study would have had 80% power to detect an odds ratio of 4.4, and we therefore conclude that the G13946C polymorphism is not a 'high-risk' mutation for familial breast cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-57b59fc4799a421986faa8c0dc80c2f9", "input": "Question: Does repeated freezing and thawing generally alter assay results for several commonly studied reproductive hormones?\nAnswer: There is no consistent or predictable alteration in the results of SHBG, or the glycoprotein and steroid hormones evaluated, as a function of repeated freeze/thaw or the storage temperature of human serum.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6a791663185b4636919261f2a90a3b94", "input": "Question: Is the incidence of septic complications in newborns on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation affected by feeding route?\nAnswer: Enteral nutrition does not affect the risk of sepsis in neonates on ECMO when compared with total parenteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is well tolerated and not associated with adverse effects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-28e1ea6d441346a1b708cd9411f9d79e", "input": "Question: Do meal delivery practices meet needs of Alzheimer patients with increased cognitive and behavioral difficulties in a long-term care facility?\nAnswer: Delivering excess energy to patients with poor BMIs likely does not result in increased energy consumption. Behavioral and cognitive deterioration leads to a shift in the time of day that energy delivered has an impact on energy consumption, with the most progressed individuals being most impacted by foods delivered in the morning, suggesting that traditional meal practices are inappropriate for elderly individuals with AD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd0503098bb54ae597ac1e06b6538bc5", "input": "Question: Do diverticular disease and treatment with gastric acid inhibitors predispose to peritonitis of enteric origin in peritoneal dialysis patients?\nAnswer: Neither diverticulosis nor treatment with gastric acid inhibitors seem to be risk factors for developing peritonitis of enteric origin in PD patients. This type of peritonitis has to be promptly identified and treated in order to diminish the high frequency of peritoneal catheter removal and PD dropout due to such episodes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4bfb359fe839444090865f7b25f85a60", "input": "Question: Does cT-NIHSS mismatch correlate with MRI diffusion-perfusion mismatch?\nAnswer: ASPECTS-NIHSS mismatch did not correlate with MRI diffusion-perfusion mismatch in this clinical cohort. MRI mismatch was associated with decreasing time from stroke onset to scan.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5a9a768e8594a29b18109351baad22f", "input": "Question: Is [ AF172993 sequence of Plunc in GenBank database the complete CDS ]?\nAnswer: The base A at the 658 position of AF172993 sequence of Plunc is a mutation site, which alters the coding of the amino acid. AF172993 sequence is actually a transcript variant of Plunc, and the annotation to AF172993 in GenBank database is not correct and need to be revised.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e2c5d3939944f019aadfba60a1080c4", "input": "Question: Do why people take their psychotropic drugs as prescribed : results of the 2000 National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey?\nAnswer: Two-fifths of people reported that missing their medication was a decision taken because they did not want it or think it necessary. Side-effects are a relatively uncommon reason for under-medication. Our results have implications for interventions to assist adherence.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a46d637052594683bead2f09a9391cdb", "input": "Question: Do changes in plasma amino Acid levels predict satiety and weight loss on diets with modified macronutrient composition?\nAnswer: An increase in either carbohydrate or protein intake increases satiety and leads to significant weight loss, however, these effects are not mediated by an increase in plasma concentration of Trp or the Trp:LNAA ratio.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-21592a75028d4d78b74807fe707cb305", "input": "Question: Is appointment-keeping behavior related to medication adherence in hypertensive African Americans?\nAnswer: Appointment-keeping behavior was not related to ADH or BP among hypertensive African Americans. It should not be used as a proxy for ADH in this patient population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8275c1d9d2c9407f8469cf4364afeed8", "input": "Question: Is autosomal dominant cornea plana associated with pathogenic mutations in DCN , DSPG3 , FOXC1 , KERA , LUM , or PITX2?\nAnswer: Although missense and nonsense mutations in KERA are associated with CNA2, we did not identify any of the previously described mutations or novel mutations that segregated with the disease phenotype in a family with CNA1. In addition, no pathogenic sequence variations were found in DCN, DSPG3, LUM, PITX2 and FOXC1, which have also been implicated in corneal and anterior segment dysgenesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-37f7d20598c2410f9901681646cf3d56", "input": "Question: Does early cleavage predict treatment outcome following the use of GnRH antagonists in women older than 35?\nAnswer: In women older than 35 years, the early-cleavage rate of zygotes is significantly lower in the GnRH antagonist group than the agonist group. Early-cleavage status of zygotes is not a reliable predictor for embryo implantation in patients receiving the GnRH antagonist protocol.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-95ca3d14f6cb4ae48301980ea7d4a785", "input": "Question: Is intensive chemotherapy recommended for patients aged > 60 years who have myelodysplastic syndromes or acute myeloid leukemia with high-risk karyotypes?\nAnswer: According to the current data, elderly patients with AML or advanced MDS do not benefit from intensive chemotherapy if they show karyotype anomalies, especially those in the high-risk category.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4a69f661fbd6415ab76201a2d7c68c77", "input": "Question: Does reduced sun exposure explain the inverse association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with percent body fat in older adults?\nAnswer: In older adults, sun exposure habits do not vary according to adiposity and do not appear to explain lower 25(OH)D concentrations with increasing adiposity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-839e93afeb5042208c07ba9b402a82f8", "input": "Question: Does additional exercise change hospital or patient outcomes in older medical patients : a controlled clinical trial?\nAnswer: Additional physiotherapy intervention during hospitalisation did not significantly improve hospital or patient outcomes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-73352496c16d480391141a61c7af82ff", "input": "Question: Does acid reflux into the oesophagus influence exercise-induced airway narrowing in bronchial asthma?\nAnswer: The results indicate that acid in the oesophagus, or its short-term inhibition by proton pump inhibitors, has no influence on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3556bc846e834d559643cfeaec0940b1", "input": "Question: Does mammographic density correlate with Ki-67 expression or cytomorphology in benign breast cells obtained by random periareolar fine needle aspiration from women at high risk for breast cancer?\nAnswer: Given the lack of correlation of mammographic breast density with either cytomorphology or Ki-67 expression in RPFNA specimens, mammographic density and Ki-67 expression should be considered as potentially complementary response biomarkers in breast cancer chemoprevention trials.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9735814db894855b2ad11348d1f22c5", "input": "Question: Is renal pathological change in patients with type 2 diabetes always diabetic nephropathy : a report of 52 cases?\nAnswer: NDRD was a common feature in Type 2-diabetic patients with renal involvement. The absence of retinopathy and short periods of diabetic history may be useful indicators for diagnosis of NDRD clinically.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-da5ac845fd3748dfb0ca58660a03504f", "input": "Question: Does acute or subchronic clozapine treatment ameliorate prepulse inhibition ( PPI ) deficits in CPB-K mice with low levels of hippocampal NMDA receptor density?\nAnswer: In summary, (1) this study confirmed our working hypothesis: Lower levels of hippocampal glutamatergic receptor densities correspond to lower sensorimotor gating in CPB-K mice, and (2) acute or subchronic treatment with CLZ did not elevate low PPI levels in CPB-K mice. Thus, further experiments will concentrate on other antipsychotic drugs to prove the predictive validity of this animal model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-acb5bb946f1c41348db806de07945f50", "input": "Question: Do malarial pigment haemozoin , IFN-gamma , TNF-alpha , IL-1beta and LPS stimulate expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and production of nitric oxide in immuno-purified human monocytes?\nAnswer: Results indicate that human monocytes fed or not with HZ/sHZ were constantly unable to express iNOS and generate NOS metabolites even after stimulation with IFN-gamma or a cytokine-LSP mix that were very active on HZ-fed murine phagocytic lines. Present data do not support the hypothesis that monocytes are mediators of anti-parasitic defence in clinical malaria via activation of iNOS and production of NO, and suggest caution in extrapolating data obtained with murine or hybrid systems to human malaria.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-36e6b5cc8be64103b5dbc8f0764adf97", "input": "Question: Is the IS6110 repetitive DNA element of Mycobacterium tuberculosis detected in exhaled breath condensate of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis?\nAnswer: The IS6110 repetitive DNA element of M. tuberculosis is not detected in exhaled breath condensate of patients with newly diagnosed active pulmonary tuberculosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7ac332b597ad41e2a4dbb329de656ea5", "input": "Question: Is cycling efficiency compromised for moderate exercise in moderately severe COPD?\nAnswer: Findings suggest that bioenergetics of submaximal cycling is not compromised in moderately severe COPD despite tachypnea and dynamic hyperinflation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b42ffd38a97497aabe9eec4a51a567f", "input": "Question: Is a diverting stoma necessary when performing a handsewn coloanal anastomosis for lower rectal cancer?\nAnswer: The anastomotic complication rate was low even without a diverting stoma. This study suggests that a diverting stoma is not necessary when performing a handsewn coloanal anastomosis for lower rectal cancer however, an effort should be made for healthy anastomotic healing in patients with rectal cancer who are preoperatively radiated.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b68c6e850aa4a92884d865cd8232f78", "input": "Question: Is mild hypercapnia after uncomplicated heart surgery associated with hemodynamic compromise?\nAnswer: The findings of this study suggest that unless there is a specific contraindication to mild hypercapnia, such as pulmonary hypertension or hemodynamic instability, concerns about mild respiratory acidosis should not prevent weaning of sedation and mechanical ventilation after uncomplicated heart surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9c90a5c459c4b9a8919e2e07657709b", "input": "Question: Do cystic fibrosis heterozygotes have increased platelet activation?\nAnswer: The 50% reduction in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator protein in heterozygotes is insufficient to cause platelet activation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-310928f27c4a460fb0b7c30df0e54069", "input": "Question: Is gastric feed intolerance increased in critically ill patients with type II diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: In critically ill patients who require prolonged enteral nutrition, a prior history of DM type II does not appear to be a further risk factor for feed intolerance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e37793088f664f82a794fccc5743d09c", "input": "Question: Does intestinal gas in plain abdominal radiographs correlate with symptoms after lactulose challenge?\nAnswer: Intestinal gas volume, as scored in plain abdominal radiographs, is not correlated with abdominal discomfort after lactulose challenge. Intestinal gas may not be the major cause of abdominal discomfort following carbohydrate ingestion in patients with functional gut disorders.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-997ed5e0b11d4373bebe30714fa08a0a", "input": "Question: Does psoralen plus ultraviolet A increase the risk of cataracts : a 25-year prospective study?\nAnswer: Our cohort principally enrolled middle-aged or older patients so our data do not permit us to assess the effects of PUVA on the eyes of younger persons.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e002d664d1434aca98f436435dfd2165", "input": "Question: Are pneumoconiosis and liver cirrhosis risk factors for tuberculosis in patients with pulmonary infection?\nAnswer: Physicians should first consider non-TB bacterial infection rather than Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in pneumonia in patients with bronchiectasis, lung cancer or those receiving haemodialysis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5ad0cf7899c48069d35574503ef10b3", "input": "Question: Is antibiotic use in children influenced by the result of rapid antigen detection test for the respiratory syncytial virus?\nAnswer: Confirmed presence of RSV by RADT did not influence antibiotic use in young children with ARTI. Except with pneumonia, the risk of bacterial superinfection of RSV infected children is minimal and confirmation of RSV infection should prompt treating physicians to interrupt antibiotics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3f29c9f21cc4403b9767fa6d69842784", "input": "Question: Does prolonged bacterial exposure to minocycline/rifampicin-impregnated vascular catheters affect antimicrobial activity of catheters?\nAnswer: Minocycline/rifampicin-impregnated catheters remain effective against MSSA, MRSA, MRSE and VRE, as evidenced by stable zones of inhibition following 21 day sequential exposure to these catheters. The increase in MIC of rifampicin for MRSA may be clinically relevant if the catheter remains in place for >12 days though the strain remained susceptible to minocycline, there was no concurrent increase in the MIC of other tested drugs, and the zones of inhibition remained stable.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-263a64f3f713440f92735103102e495f", "input": "Question: Are bronchoalveolar lavage cellular profiles in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease predictive of disease progression?\nAnswer: BAL findings provide only limited prognostic information in SSc-ILD. Neutrophilia on BAL is linked to early mortality, but BAL findings are not linked to long-term survival or the rapidity of progression of lung disease. The usefulness of BAL to define alveolitis in SSc is questionable.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-97171c152d0c40aa85fc13e5bcbaffac", "input": "Question: Does mutation of alpha1G T-type calcium channels in mice change anesthetic requirements for loss of the righting reflex and minimum alveolar concentration but delays the onset of anesthetic induction?\nAnswer: The 50% effective concentration for loss of righting reflex and MAC values for the volatile anesthetics were not altered after alpha1G calcium channel knockout, indicating that normal functioning of alpha1G calcium channels is not required for the maintenance of anesthetic hypnosis and immobility. However, the timely induction of anesthesia/hypnosis by volatile anesthetic agents and some intravenous anesthetic agents may require the normal functioning of these channel subunits.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e79830b19c54e7090bbf9ed79aff6a1", "input": "Question: Are tLR2 Arg753Gly , TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile gene polymorphisms associated with chronic periodontitis in a Turkish population?\nAnswer: These results showed that the TLR2 and TLR4 gene polymorphisms studied are not associated with susceptibility to CP in Turkish patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b33d05b54194e9192395bae86dd3c84", "input": "Question: Does nMDA channel antagonist MK-801 protect against bilirubin neurotoxicity?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that bilirubin neurotoxicity is not mediated through NMDA receptor activation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dcaa42297f3c4f5891aaf13b105d9c21", "input": "Question: Does long-term treatment with methotrexate or tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors increase epstein-barr virus load in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?\nAnswer: Long-term usage of methotrexate or TNFalpha inhibitors in patients with RA does not significantly influence EBV load in PBMCs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2c39cb2fc10849149c4d1118319d083d", "input": "Question: Does adult obesity predict 6-year weight gain in men : the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study?\nAnswer: Although a history of obesity was associated with higher weight, it did not seem to result in accelerated weight gain over time. Additionally, dieting and fitness were important for minimizing weight gain.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5b4b752bcc247c5a0f97fafc2caa36c", "input": "Question: Does tubal transport of spermatozoa appear to be dependent on normal cilia function?\nAnswer: Transport of spermatozoa is not dependent on normal ciliary function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-55bd3dbee3b247dcb2dbe2852b208fee", "input": "Question: Does four weeks one-leg training and high fat diet alter PPARalpha protein or mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle?\nAnswer: 4 weeks one leg knee extensor training did not affect PPARalpha protein or mRNA expression. Furthermore, higher fat oxidation during exercise after fat rich diet was not accompanied by an increased PPARalpha protein or mRNA expression after 4 weeks.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cfe915aaae914847a07fefb6202485a5", "input": "Question: Do statins improve short-term survival in an oriental population with sepsis?\nAnswer: Short-term, sepsis-related mortality in a septic Taiwanese population was not reduced with statin treatment in our study. We concluded that statin therapy may have little effect on the survival of sepsis in oriental people, particularly in Taiwanese.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-102902f17f95495080f17f98e6d1516a", "input": "Question: Does primary Gleason pattern impact survival after permanent interstitial brachytherapy for Gleason score 7 prostate cancer?\nAnswer: The primary Gleason pattern did not impact CSS, bPFS, or OS in Gleason score 7 prostate cancer. Deaths from cardiovascular/pulmonary disease and second malignancies were 9.6 times more common than death from prostate cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5c7996d792e4c47a9fe55a3b8877ce0", "input": "Question: Is reduced peripheral blood mitochondrial DNA content a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that reduced mitochondrial DNA content in peripheral blood is not a risk factor for the development of Type 2 diabetes in the offspring of patients with early onset Type 2 diabetes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d2ab50398b645bfb1717431cad22eb8", "input": "Question: Does cardiac myocyte transplantation increase global epicardial repolarization heterogeneity in a rat infarct model?\nAnswer: Both fetal cardiomyocyte engraftment in the normal myocardium and coronary ligation increased repolarization heterogeneity. However, fetal cardiomyocyte engraftment in an infarcted region did not further increase repolarization heterogeneity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed11954573274b129e12a0dcf1f66e2a", "input": "Question: Is high membrane transport status on peritoneal dialysis associated with reduced survival following transfer to haemodialysis?\nAnswer: The survival disadvantage associated with high peritoneal membrane transport status during PD treatment does not persist following transfer to HD. Early transfer to HD may be beneficial in this patient group.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-10fc67ba0649473a8a5c0708d8890637", "input": "Question: Do eosinophils enhance the trans-basement-membrane migration of neutrophils?\nAnswer: Neutrophils migrated by IL-8 may lead eosinophils to accumulate in the airways of patients with severe asthma. On the other hand, it is unlikely that eosinophils migrated by chemoattractants such as CC chemokines regulate neutrophilic inflammation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-09694cce7b894b3aac8ceb5f10e76788", "input": "Question: Do milk thickeners influence anthropometric indices in childhood?\nAnswer: No association was found between the use of milk thickeners and weight-for-length/height z-scores in the first and fourth years of life. Future studies in other contexts would be helpful to further test this hypothesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a286b4697d404babbf3bc0d7bd71c2f6", "input": "Question: Does isometric strength assessment , part I : static testing accurately predict dynamic lifting capacity?\nAnswer: The Static Leg Lift, Static Arm Lift and Static Back (Torso) Lift are not appropriate for making predictions relative to dynamic lifting capacity. Given the likely degree of error in such predictions, and in light of potential safety concerns as reported by previous investigators, employers, clinicians and risk managers now have substantial objective evidence to call such testing into question.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e6ef2d9763347aeaf58f13fc4b69fc0", "input": "Question: Does timing of protein ingestion relative to resistance exercise training influence body composition , energy expenditure , glycaemic control or cardiometabolic risk factors in a hypocaloric , high protein diet in patients with type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: A HP, energy-restricted diet with RT was effective in improving glycaemic control, body composition, strength and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight/obese patients with T2DM irrespective of altering the timing of protein ingestion relative to RT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d487a355bfe48959013039b0001b7f0", "input": "Question: Does genital ulceration increase HIV-1 shedding in cervical or vaginal secretions of women taking antiretroviral therapy?\nAnswer: GUD did not significantly increase cervical or vaginal HIV-1 shedding. The results suggest that ART maintains its effectiveness for genital HIV-1 suppression despite GUD episodes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ecd5035115846b181d0034eaa4f3355", "input": "Question: Do chromosomal rearrangements formed by rrn recombination improve replichore balance in host-specific Salmonella enterica serovars?\nAnswer: The results did not support the hypothesis that replichore imbalance causes these rearrangements, and suggest that the rearrangements could be explained by aspects of a host-specific lifestyle.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b9ee37c26474ba496517040bb7a2b04", "input": "Question: Is presumptive treatment for malaria justified in children receiving cancer chemotherapy?\nAnswer: Malaria was not found to be a causative agent for FN in children with various malignant disorders, in a region with low endemicity for malaria. Presumptive administration of antimalarials in children with FN is unjustified. Pediatric oncologists constantly face the challenge of managing febrile illnesses in immunocompromised patients. Those practicing in malaria endemic regions can effectively exploit diagnostic tools for malaria for a rational decision.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-57d145ec41234f0c927280b55976baaf", "input": "Question: Does vHL genetic alteration in CCRCC determine de-regulation of HIF , CAIX , hnRNP A2/B1 and osteopontin?\nAnswer: As expression of these proposed pVHL targets can be achieved independently of VHL mutation (and possibly by hypoxia alone), these data suggests that other pVHL targets may be more crucial in renal carcinogenesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2f03665ffca04537b886a6e10815711d", "input": "Question: Is implementation of the transradial approach for coronary procedures associated with an elevated complication rate and elevated radiation patient exposure?\nAnswer: A transradial program can be implemented with safety; therefore, the transradial approach should be preferred in suitable patients. Since spasm occurrence was the major determinant of procedural failure, further effort is need to develop better strategies for spasm prevention.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0f7c97ca8da74f0eb8afa4862d61cfdb", "input": "Question: Is s100A8/A9 involved in host defense against murine urinary tract infection?\nAnswer: We show that despite high S100A8/A9 expression in bladder and kidney tissue upon UTI, S100A8/A9 does not contribute to an effective host response against E. Coli in the urinary tract system.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fad853fc76de40499a2b6cc0988585b7", "input": "Question: Does cholesterol supplementation improve developmental progress in Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome?\nAnswer: These results suggest that cholesterol supplementation in its current form does not improve the developmental progress of children and adolescents with SLOS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ddba11d6988a45408551c1a26e9cc425", "input": "Question: Does plasmolemmal potassium gradient affect lung protection by an ATP-regulated potassium channel opener?\nAnswer: The ability of the PCO Aprikalim to preserve gas exchange in a model of hypothermic pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury was not affected by the plasmolemmal potassium gradient. This is consistent with recent findings in myocardial protection studies that the protective effects of PCOs may be intracellular.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-47875781e61943d89b5711642af858ff", "input": "Question: Does postnatal nicotine exposure further compromise hypoxia defense mechanisms in prenatally nicotine-exposed lambs?\nAnswer: Continued postnatal nicotine exposure after prenatal exposure did not further compromise hypoxia defense mechanisms after birth.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec7013d2afdb47f2a55346618700857d", "input": "Question: Is urine vascular endothelial growth factor-A a useful marker for endometriosis?\nAnswer: It is unlikely that urine VEGF-A(121, 165), as measured in this study, will be a useful non-invasive marker for endometriosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-48b8024996134523addea711755f34f0", "input": "Question: Are disturbing post-operative symptoms reduced by prophylactic antiemetic treatment in patients at high risk of post-operative nausea and vomiting?\nAnswer: The intensity of symptoms or the total number of disturbing symptoms did not decrease after prophylactic antiemetic treatment in a group of patients, but the profile of disturbing symptoms changed. The relevance of post-operative symptoms in terms of patients' well-being needs to be addressed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-685d02f8acfd410fa2a1ed782a2f89b6", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of the tissue factor/factor VIIa pathway influence the inflammatory or antibacterial response to abdominal sepsis induced by Escherichia coli in mice?\nAnswer: These data suggest that TF/FVIIa activity contributes to the activation of coagulation during E. coli peritonitis but does not play a role in the inflammatory response or antibacterial host defense.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-294347bc16e242f28cdae3364f5682ca", "input": "Question: Does combined corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide therapy alter survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that combined corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide therapy has no impact on survival in patients with IPF. This finding supports the evolving concept that chronic inflammation plays a minimal role in the progression of IPF and reinforces the importance of careful consideration of the risks and benefits of such therapies prior to their institution.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b43999978487491389c2e5057787d7eb", "input": "Question: Do thioguanine-nucleotides predict efficacy of tioguanine in Crohn 's disease?\nAnswer: 6-Thioguanine-nucleotide as well as methylated 6-thioguanine-nucleotide levels under tioguanine therapy were not related to efficacy. This suggests that monitoring of 6-thioguanine-nucleotide levels is not a useful tool to predict response to thiopurines.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b02ba491f574da5b87fd21585be79a5", "input": "Question: Do preprocedural inflammatory markers predict restenosis after successful coronary stenting?\nAnswer: Preprocedural inflammatory markers in stable angina subjects undergoing coronary artery stent deployment did not correlate with the development of in-stent restenosis. Differences in pathobiology between stable and unstable coronary syndromes, the widespread use of statins with anti-inflammatory activity in our cohort of patients, along with different mechanisms underlying the early angiographic appearances of restenosis as compared to clinical end points, most likely explain our findings.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f55e4f6b8c243aa8dcb53a8d4df912f", "input": "Question: Is vigorous exercise training associated with prevalence of ventricular arrhythmias in elderly athletes?\nAnswer: These finding indicate that in elderly, otherwise healthy, athletes vigorous training even to competition does not result in a greater incidence of ventricular arrhythmias, although caution should be made for a careful preparticipation evaluation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-af5ed71e979e4c04abde4441ed844f5c", "input": "Question: Are [ Continuous Svo2 measurements and co-oximetry interchangeable immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass ]?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate that, in the immediate aftermath of cardiopulmonary bypass, the continuous measurement of SvO(2) and the co-oxymetry determination of mixed blood is not inter-changeable. Other studies will be necessary to confirm these results and enable us to understand the pathophysiological phenomena accounting for the lack of agreement between the two methods.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b1571dc3e1e47ff87811dd1af66ba8d", "input": "Question: Is multiple organ dysfunction during resuscitation postinjury multiple organ failure?\nAnswer: Multiple organ dysfunction during resuscitation is a reversible response to severe injury and often resolves during the resuscitation period.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e82b0dd5e93d4608bee23aeadbfa37a5", "input": "Question: Is lower leg growth suppression caused by inhaled glucocorticoids accompanied by reduced thickness of the cutis or subcutis?\nAnswer: Short-term lower leg growth suppression induced by inhaled glucocorticoids is not confounded by variations in thickness of cutis or subcutis. The present observations further establishes knemometry as a reliable tool for assessment of the risk of growth suppression of inhaled glucocorticoids in children with asthma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0871c75acb33436b9811b860c1ff6b7e", "input": "Question: Does long-term endurance training prevent the age-related decrease in left ventricular relaxation properties?\nAnswer: Our data provide evidence that long-term training does not reduce the age-related decline in LV relaxation properties in humans. This finding implies that other mechanisms, such as increased LV filling pressures due to expanded blood volume, are probably responsible for the higher contribution of early diastolic filling to LV filling in master athletes compared with their sedentary counterparts. However this hypothesis needs to be confirmed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a225788c24442149a0d9e31db9ee48f", "input": "Question: Are calcium and Vitamin D increase mRNA levels for the growth control hIK1 channel in human epidermal keratinocytes but functional channels observed?\nAnswer: Human keratinocyte differentiation is stimulated by calcium mobilization and influx, and differentiation stimuli coordinately upregulate mRNA levels of the calcium-activated hIK1 channel. This upregulation is paradoxical in that functional hIK1 channels are not observed in cultured keratinocytes. It appears, therefore, that hIK1 does not contribute to the functional electrophysiology of primary human keratinocytes, nor intact human skin. Further, the results indicate caution is required when interpreting experiments utilizing pharmacological hIK1 modulators in human keratinocytes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8d204e99e1e4fd4bb9ca18d915f4e63", "input": "Question: Does zinc supplementation for four months affect plasma copper concentration in infants?\nAnswer: Zinc supplementation of 10 mg/d for 4 mo in this study did not affect copper status, as assessed by plasma copper concentration and hematological parameters, diagnostics of copper deficiency.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b93ddae067e3463f96056bee6226e29b", "input": "Question: Does the glycopeptide vancomycin enhance toll-like receptor 2 ( TLR2 ) activation by Streptococcus pneumoniae?\nAnswer: beta-Lactam antibiotics induce surface changes and release of cell wall structures from bacteria that are proinflammatory via TLR2, but the glycopeptide vancomycin does not.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-18ee51320b62470f9f725dde6ac5a094", "input": "Question: Are effects of protein deprivation on growth and small intestine morphology improved by glutamine or glutamate in gastrostomy-fed rat pups?\nAnswer: These results suggest that neither Gln nor Glu supplementation can substitute effectively for whole protein in the developing rat small intestine for the outcomes that were evaluated.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-53137ea2abe749d081b445f71a75f30d", "input": "Question: Is muscle dysfunction during exercise of a single skeletal muscle in rats with congestive heart failure associated with reduced muscle blood supply?\nAnswer: The cause of contractile dysfunction in a single exercising skeletal muscle in rats with CHF cannot be explained simply by reduced blood supply. In addition, absence of changes in high-energy phosphates and metabolites indicate that the oxidative metabolism of SOL is intact in rats with CHF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f859d16aa5a42ac88fe055de12af6af", "input": "Question: Does complete elimination of reflux symptoms guarantee normalization of intraesophageal and intragastric pH in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD )?\nAnswer: Fifty percent of patients with GERD without BE continue to exhibit pathologic GERD and low intragastric pH despite PPI therapy that achieves complete reflux symptom control.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-26b9f46f62cc466d881c363e545be509", "input": "Question: Does the prolongation of triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori allow reaching therapeutic outcome of sequential scheme : a prospective , randomised study?\nAnswer: Seven-day triple therapy achieves disappointing eradication rates in dyspeptics and smokers. Prolonging triple therapy to 10 days does not significantly improve the eradication rate. The novel 10-day sequential regimen is more effective and equally tolerated than the 10-day triple therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d137cc750663487d92916a6d8ca996b8", "input": "Question: Does short-term enteral glutamine enhance protein accretion in burned children : a stable isotope study?\nAnswer: Rapid protein accretion does not occur with short-term enteral glutamine supplementation. Several days of glutamine supplementation may be required to restore plasma glutamine levels and stimulate protein synthesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e3fd958a33b74ba2924c788a1d57fb3d", "input": "Question: Is myocardial blood supply through a direct left ventricle-coronary artery shunt aided by augmented coronary capacitance?\nAnswer: In healthy pigs a left ventricle-coronary artery shunt decreased net forward coronary flow to 53% +/- 18% of native flow. Augmentation of coronary artery compliance did not improve shunt performance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-699e83a4c82044aa9996a3c450bd89e9", "input": "Question: Does endothelin A receptor blockade alter PSA secretion in prostate cancer cell lines?\nAnswer: Blockade of the ETA receptor does not affect the secretion of PSA in prostate cancer cell lines.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-519150fb09c44aa4a10374de6f8abf05", "input": "Question: Is plasmin protective in experimental renal interstitial fibrosis?\nAnswer: Plasminogen, the key proenzyme in the plasminogen-plasmin system, does not protect mice from experimental interstitial fibrosis and may have significant pathogenetic effects. These findings, together with other recently published studies in the biology of renal fibrosis, imply that effects of proteins such as plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) on renal fibrosis occur independently from the generation of plasmin.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a0cf2fa860c451c99652c95211508ed", "input": "Question: Is myD88-dependent toll-like receptor signalling a requirement for fetal islet xenograft rejection in mice?\nAnswer: Islet xenograft rejection was found to persist in MyD88-/- mice. Despite a relatively lower expression of the Th1-associated cytokines IFN-gamma and IL12-p40 within the xenograft area, both the time course and morphological pattern of the rejection were essentially similar to that found in normal animals. Hence, MyD88-dependent TLR signalling does not appear to be a crucial component of acute cellular xenograft rejection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ffe3268110940fcba2d4d45cacebdb9", "input": "Question: Is expression of leukemia inhibitory factor and its receptor altered in the decidua and chorionic villi of human anembryonic pregnancy?\nAnswer: This study concluded that at early human post-implantation stage, LIF is produced from both decidua and chorionic villi and may exert its major action on trophoblasts. A baseline expression of LIF and LIF-Rbeta is probably needed for early pregnancy, but AP cannot be accounted for by the defective expression of either LIF or LIF-Rbeta in most circumstances.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9c0a77b6aa3244deaa05175dea0580f1", "input": "Question: Does surfactant improve survival rate in preterm infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia?\nAnswer: Surfactant, as currently used, is associated with a lower survival rate in preterm infants with CDH. The use of surfactant replacement in premature infants with CDH can be recommended only within the context of a randomized clinical trial.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-441b5a9fabbc40eeb91efd93b2090c7e", "input": "Question: Does intubation alone mandate trauma surgeon presence on patient arrival to the emergency department?\nAnswer: Intubated patients with central stab wounds represent a high-risk group and should mandate trauma surgeon presence on patient arrival. Excluding stab wounds, field or ED intubation alone rarely requires emergent surgical decision-making. Therefore, field or ED intubation alone should not mandate trauma surgeon presence on patient arrival.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-18d0c45a602d4388b74843d0d3d20ae9", "input": "Question: Do papillary muscles attach directly to the solid heart wall?\nAnswer: This new picture of the geometry of the attachment of the PMs to the heart wall may have important implications for the understanding of their function, including the nature of the transmission of the forces between the PMs and the heart wall.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-645da8734d6e4354a7eaac246cbcb537", "input": "Question: Is hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system regulation in recently detoxified alcoholics altered by one week of treatment with acamprosate?\nAnswer: We conclude that 1 week of acamprosate treatment does not attenuate the HPA dysregulation ob-served during early abstinence.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0487af39bb994a56aab9c6fcec0f53d7", "input": "Question: Do pre-procedural plasma levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 predict late coronary angiographic restenosis after elective stenting?\nAnswer: Coronary stenting is associated with transient increases in both CRP and IL-6 levels. However, pre-procedural CRP and IL-6 levels do not predict late coronary angiographic restenosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9731fe420e14b9c90304832729440c1", "input": "Question: Does ketamine decrease postoperative pain after remifentanil-based anaesthesia for tonsillectomy in adults?\nAnswer: Small-dose of ketamine does not seem to be a useful adjunct to remifentanil-based anaesthesia during short, painful surgical procedures.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-376999dc013e4ceab671f52f59496e43", "input": "Question: Does metabolic vasodilatation with glucose-insulin-potassium change the heterogeneous distribution of coronary blood flow in the dog?\nAnswer: GIK transiently increases myocardial O2 uptake following a raised cardiac output, caused by a hyperosmolarity induced rise in cardiac contractility rather than by haemodilution. Although myocardial O2 supply is distributed heterogeneously, the fractional rise with GIK is almost equal among regions. At constant lactate extraction, increased venous PO2 and decreased O2 extraction do not indicate overperfusion in some regions at the cost of underperfusion in others, are probably caused by a small, direct vasodilating effect of hyperosmolarity, and argue against diffusional O2 shunting. As for global O2 supply to demand, the increase in regional O2 supply is probably well adapted to regionally increased demand during GIK, so that the heterogeneous distribution of O2 supply can be explained by regional differences in demand and not by regionally exhausted vasodilatation or O2 shunting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b5a6dc97eb7494fb0fae3169f6ceda4", "input": "Question: Does amiodarone therapy compromise subsequent heart transplantation?\nAnswer: Amiodarone therapy before heart transplantation may contribute to occasional pulmonary complications but does not significantly increase perioperative morbidity or mortality with the regimens used in this retrospective study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b4f498ce22354152bf424ba7d15a80fb", "input": "Question: Does selective pelvic and periaortic lymphadenectomy increase morbidity in surgical staging of endometrial carcinoma?\nAnswer: Selective pelvic and periaortic lymphadenectomy in patients with endometrial carcinoma does not significantly add to morbidity from hysterectomy, which is related primarily to other factors such as patient weight, age, and race; operating time; and surgeon.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd17c7fce39946ab95008d477a2d791b", "input": "Question: Does [ Placement in a nursing home automatically lead to increased use of drugs ]?\nAnswer: A stay in a residential home does not necessarily lead to use of larger quantities of drugs (DDDs). However, there are indications that placement may lead to a greater diversity of the drugs used.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9683667d253449d0b50273f084df32d9", "input": "Question: Are outcome of liver disease and response to interferon treatment influenced by hepatitis B virus core gene variability in children with chronic type B hepatitis?\nAnswer: Core gene variability does not seem to be involved either in the outcome of infection or in the response to IFN treatment in children with HBV chronic hepatitis. Considering that most of the HBV carriers in our area acquire the infection in childhood, our data suggest that core gene heterogeneity is not a major cause of progression to chronicity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f3875637bc2475fa7bfb0dc788651cf", "input": "Question: Does preoperative glutamine loading prevent endotoxemia in cardiac surgery?\nAnswer: Glutamine did not prevent endotoxemia during or after cardiac surgery. An increased level of TNF was common and observed also in some patients without endotoxemia. Endotoxemia did not modify regional or whole-body metabolic patterns or hemodynamics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-20543338195440deb060d07835da5446", "input": "Question: Does overexpression of thioredoxin confer resistance to cisplatin in transfected human ovarian and colon cancer cell lines?\nAnswer: These results suggest that TRX may be necessary but insufficient to induce resistance against cDDP as well as other chemotherapeutic drugs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a39808520b4a411283efcd7698b529a0", "input": "Question: Does normalization of esophageal pH with high-dose proton pump inhibitor therapy result in regression of Barrett 's esophagus?\nAnswer: Although symptoms improved, erosive esophagitis healed, and squamous islands increased, there was no significant decrease in the length of Barrett's esophagus. Control of esophageal pH alone is not sufficient for the reversal of Barrett's esophagus.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b9671b1673b49ff855a90db71c0e623", "input": "Question: Does acute and prolonged administration of glucocorticoids ( methylprednisolone ) affect plasma leptin concentration in humans?\nAnswer: These data suggest that in relatively lean individuals, the administration of therapeutic doses of methylprednisolone does not change plasma leptin concentration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e92ed9c802eb453e960f97673fda5874", "input": "Question: Is parathyroid hormone-related protein an autocrine growth factor for normal prostatic epithelial cells?\nAnswer: PTHrP is not an autocrine growth factor for normal prostatic epithelial cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2cd655a1dc204c508d04bd7a1a4b8922", "input": "Question: Does midtrimester amniotic fluid tumor necrosis factor-alpha predict small-for-gestational-age infants?\nAnswer: Midtrimester amniotic fluid TNF-alpha levels are not predictive of SGA neonates when compared with controls matched for gestational age at delivery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-89c5043aae7f43bbb9562ce3afbd91f8", "input": "Question: Do infants with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome have `` true '' hemangiomas?\nAnswer: KMS is a distinctive disease of infancy, but the underlying vascular lesion is not a \"true,\" classic, involuting type of hemangioma of infancy. This is a different vascular tumor with a resemblance pathologically to either tufted angioma or kaposiform hemangioendothelioma in association with lymphatic-like vessels. Whether the underlying lesion in KMS is a single anatomic entity or heterogeneous cannot be definitely concluded from this study. We need a better understanding of the pathogenesis of KMS to improve our therapeutic management.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-49c838b6a3a249cf98436971b1d51f89", "input": "Question: Does medical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease prevent the development of Barrett 's metaplasia and poor esophageal body motility?\nAnswer: Medical treatment with H2 blockers or omeprazole does not prevent the development of Barrett's metaplasia or poor esophageal body motility.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-49f03e91123946c2b6b97e3e46deff90", "input": "Question: Are gastric and gall bladder emptying of a mixed meal coordinated in liver cirrhosis -- a simultaneous sonographic study?\nAnswer: These results indicate the lack of coordination between gastric and gall bladder emptying in liver cirrhosis. They also support the hypothesis that diminished gall bladder contractility might contribute to the increased gallstone formation in liver cirrhosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-acd4e1a988d84b9ab4722df1e977d752", "input": "Question: Does addition of sialidase or p38 MAPK inhibitors ameliorate decrements in platelet in vitro storage properties caused by 4 \u00b0C storage?\nAnswer: Addition of either sialidase or p38 MAPK inhibitors do not improve any in vitro parameters of PLTs stored at 4\u00a0\u00b0C in 100% plasma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9aa2a051070940399c6941c7cf0e5ae4", "input": "Question: Does the severity of liver injury following blunt trauma correlate with the number of fractured ribs : an analysis of a national trauma registry database?\nAnswer: Although the presence of rib fractures was associated with an increased probability of liver injury in patients with blunt torso trauma, there is no relationship between the number of fractured ribs and the severity of liver injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8280f80d0c324764b652262b87bc40fa", "input": "Question: Does pedicle screw reinsertion using previous pilot hole and trajectory reduce fixation strength?\nAnswer: Despite a significant reduction in pedicle screw IT, there was no significant difference in pedicle screw POS with reinsertion. Therefore, when surgeons must completely remove a pedicle screw for tract inspection, reinsertion along the same trajectory may be performed without significantly compromising fixation strength.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-992b5d662eb24a2e852836e7d8fadaf9", "input": "Question: Are memory deficits in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exclusively caused by executive dysfunction : a comparative neuropsychological study of amnestic mild cognitive impairment?\nAnswer: The presented results indicate that the interpretation of neuropsychological scores needs to take the distinct cognitive profiles in ALS and aMCI into consideration. Importantly, the observed memory deficits in ALS were distinctly different from those observed in aMCI and can be explained only to some extent in the context of comorbid (coexisting) executive dysfunction. These findings highlight the qualitative differences in temporal lobe dysfunction between ALS and aMCI patients, and support temporal lobe dysfunction as a mechanism underlying the distinct cognitive impairments observed in ALS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cc0d570fbafc44c488bcc440136e2b3f", "input": "Question: Is total Phenytoin concentration well correlated with active free drug in critically-ill head trauma patients?\nAnswer: Our results indicated that total phenytoin serum concentration is not a reliable therapeutic goal for drug monitoring in severely-ill head trauma patients even in the absence of hypoalbuminemia, renal and hepatic failure. It seems justifiable to measure free phenytoin concentration in all severely ill neurotrauma patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-36d776235c594268ae2bb4bac86f410d", "input": "Question: Does myeloid knockout of HIF-1 \u03b1 markedly affect hemorrhage/resuscitation-induced inflammation and hepatic injury?\nAnswer: Here, deleting HIF-1 \u03b1 in myeloid cells and thereby in Kupffer cells was not protective after H/R. This data indicates that other factors, such as NF- \u03baB, due to its upregulated phosphorylation in WT and KO mice, contrary to HIF-1 \u03b1, are rather key modulators of inflammation after H/R in our model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a6b0537ba5034c6e856023404e7b8bf1", "input": "Question: 's it what you think , it 's how you relate to it : dispositional mindfulness moderates the relationship between psychological distress and the cortisol awakening response?\nAnswer: These findings are consistent with the idea that the tendency to describe and accept experiences may buffer the impact of psychological distress on physiological arousal. These metacognitive processes may be important moderators in unraveling the complex relationship between psychological distress and physiological stress reactivity. Further research is recommended to replicate this approach in other populations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-daa9b49d1d37472c95dcf04182697316", "input": "Question: Does insurance status predict curve magnitude in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis at first presentation to an orthopaedic surgeon?\nAnswer: Patients with private insurance presenting for evaluation of idiopathic adolescent scoliosis were significantly more likely to present as a second opinion than those with government insurance. In this group of 642 patients, no significant differences were found in major Cobb angle at presentation or eventual need for surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-36ed78c132e04175bf6da9ac8c3d5a99", "input": "Question: Do serum albumin and prealbumin predict recurrence in patients with breast cancer?\nAnswer: Prealbumin and albumin may be sensitive indicators of disturbances in protein metabolism, and reflect inflammation activity and malnutrition. However, our results suggest that evaluation of serum prealbumin and albumin are not useful for predicting disease aggressiveness or recurrence in breast cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5364be3df9c44dae931345f9fb770306", "input": "Question: Is the risk of infections in hematologic patients treated with rituximab influenced by cumulative rituximab dosage - a single center experience?\nAnswer: Rituximab in induction treatment, either as monotherapy or combined with chemotherapy by itself does not increase the incidence or change the spectrum of infections in hematologic patients. However the possible influence of higher dosages of concomitant steroid medication on frequency of infections suggests that a heightened awareness of the potential for infectious complications should be applied to patients receiving higher doses of glucocorticoids in combination with other therapeutic regimens.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-64670645ef8b4b7aa4d9cec9e8d47486", "input": "Question: Is aMPK-dependent inhibitory phosphorylation of ACC essential for maintaining myocardial fatty acid oxidation?\nAnswer: Our findings show AMPK-dependent inactivation of ACC is not essential for the control of myocardial FAO and subsequent cardiac function during a variety of conditions involving AMPK-independent and AMPK-dependent metabolic adaptations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6227448fe2224168ba0091d5f6165666", "input": "Question: Does mini-midvastus total knee arthroplasty result in superior gait pattern?\nAnswer: From our findings, it was concluded that MIS TKA does not result in a superior walking pattern 8 weeks post-operative. Because we previously also observed mini-midvastus MIS TKA to have equal or slightly inferior results with regard to knee scores, knee torque, radiographic outcome and tourniquet/operating time, we discontinued the procedure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a2ac88e186b4db7ac90fd683585109f", "input": "Question: Is sentinel lymph node biopsy necessary in patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast by stereotactic vacuum-assisted biopsy?\nAnswer: The rate of lymph node metastasis was extremely low (0.62 %), even when invasive carcinoma was identified on excision in patients initially diagnosed with DCIS by stereotactic VAB. Because of the low prevalence of metastatic involvement, the cessation of SLNB is a reasonable consideration in patients initially diagnosed with DCIS by stereotactic VAB.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d3aeb72e1e7b4ccdaefa3d73c3a7990c", "input": "Question: Does endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation for treatment of large bile duct stones increase the risk of post-procedure pancreatitis?\nAnswer: EPLBD with antecedent limited ES or previous ES state does not increase the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis in patients with large bile duct stones. Endoscopic biliary stenting seems to be the independent risk factor of post-ERCP pancreatitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef5c38274d064d5eb15c360011241d20", "input": "Question: Do resident involvement and experience affect perioperative complications following robotic prostatectomy?\nAnswer: Regardless of PGY level, resident involvement in RPs appears safe and does not appear to affect postoperative complications or LOS. While resident involvement in RPs does result in longer operative times, this is necessary for the learning process.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-39188de20a7449c1b204e200df7db614", "input": "Question: Does melatonin affect oxidative/inflammatory biomarkers in a closed-chest porcine model of acute myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: Melatonin treatment did not result in reduction of inflammatory or oxidative stress markers after experimental myocardial infarction compared to placebo.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0915f1c56294dd398b1a24a82a7ab41", "input": "Question: Is inferior vena cava size associated with shock following injury?\nAnswer: The static degree of IVC collapse is not associated with shock following injury. Therefore, measurement of IVC size by CT scan for patients with a T/AP ratio between 1 and 3.5 is not clinically relevant and cannot be used to predict mortality, shock, or impending shock.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6995ef47faa84160bc6fc221ecb48e80", "input": "Question: Is polymorphism of Interleukin-6 associated with the presence or absence of high HPV E6/E7?\nAnswer: Genotypic analysis showed a striking similarity of IL6 polymorphisms in both cases and controls. The allelic distribution in cases and controls for G and C of IL6 were very similar (p=0.186), which could point to similar IL6 functionality for both groups.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5fe75c22493d487f8b7930f0f0aee05d", "input": "Question: Does acute hypoxic exercise alter post-exercise iron metabolism in moderately trained endurance athletes?\nAnswer: Acute exercise in hypoxia did not influence post-exercise IL-6 production, hepcidin activity or iron metabolism compared with exercise at the same relative intensity in normoxia. Hence, acute exercise performed at the same relative intensity in hypoxia poses no further risk to an athlete's iron status, as compared with exercise in normoxia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca5807fa4d40461e943a235b97896f15", "input": "Question: Is traumatic brain injury associated with coagulopathy out of proportion to injury in other body regions?\nAnswer: Coagulopathy results from a combination of tissue injury and shock independent of the dominant region of injury. With the use of AIS as a measure of injury severity, traumatic brain injury was not independently associated with more profound coagulopathy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-317b24114a8f4478bb1479d3e4e3b633", "input": "Question: Does epidural placement result in an increased incidence of venous thromboembolism in combat-wounded patients?\nAnswer: Although PCEA catheters were more often placed in patients prone to VTE, there was no difference in incidence of VTE with their use. These data suggest that enoxaparin 40 mg daily in patients with PCEA is not inferior to 30 mg twice daily for VTE prophylaxis in combat-wounded patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-05d8747ae0f54e75b8dfec9b17ea4584", "input": "Question: Does radiofrequency pancreatic ablation and section of the main pancreatic duct lead to necrotizing pancreatitis?\nAnswer: The rapid acinar atrophy of the distal pancreas after RFA and section of the pancreatic ducts in this model does not lead to necrotizing pancreatitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-43e68b9b179940c390cfcdf824bcf677", "input": "Question: Does glycopyrronium affect QT interval in healthy subjects : a randomized , three- period , cross-over , placebo- and positive-controlled study?\nAnswer: A supra-therapeutic dose of glycopyrronium had a favorable cardiovascular safety profile with no clinically relevant effect on QT interval.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fde065f46cd543ae9f9a885ad543bd96", "input": "Question: Does opioid receptor A118G polymorphism affect the consumption of sufentanil and ropivacaine by patient-controlled epidural analgesia after cesarean section?\nAnswer: The analgesic requirements of patients receiving sufentanil and ropivacaine through PCEA after caesarean section were not associated with A118G polymorphism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e9f18a8a8f44a2aa6ae72ee31871ebc", "input": "Question: Does inability to consent diminish the desirability of stroke thrombolysis?\nAnswer: Older adults regard thrombolysis no less favorably when considering a situation in which they are unable to consent. These findings provide empirical support for recent professional society recommendations to treat ischemic stroke with thrombolysis in appropriate emergency circumstances under a presumption of consent.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-18e308bf3e994a70800f91aa4115606e", "input": "Question: Are genomic pneumococcal load and CSF cytokines related to outcome in Malawian adults with meningitis?\nAnswer: Mortality from pneumococcal meningitis in adults in sub-Saharan Africa is not related to pneumococcal bacterial load. More research is needed to understand the very high mortality from meningitis in this region.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea47778e96fa41e4ba0400b8381cc52a", "input": "Question: Is minimum cost of transport in human running ubiquitous?\nAnswer: The findings confirm the existence of optimal speed for human running in some but not all participants. Those exhibiting COTmin undertook higher volume of running, ran with a cadence that was more consistently modulated with speed, and tended to be aerobically fitter. The ability to minimize energetic CoT seems not to be a ubiquitous feature of human running but may emerge in some individuals with extensive running experience.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0cc77ee614994ef5a5292206108bb118", "input": "Question: Is body mass index a reliable tool in predicting celiac disease in children?\nAnswer: At a population level, children with celiac disease weigh less, are shorter, and have a lower BMI compared to their peers without celiac disease, and this emphasizes the importance of early recognition and treatment of the condition. However, at an individual level, growth parameters are not reliable in establishing the diagnosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2464a0369c34a7a93c5229b20035d59", "input": "Question: Does knee muscle strength after recent partial meniscectomy relate to 2-year change in knee adduction moment?\nAnswer: No evidence was found to suggest that improving maximal knee muscle strength after a recent arthroscopic partial meniscectomy would reduce change in knee adduction moment observed during the subsequent 2 years. As muscle function is modifiable, future investigation of other aspects of muscle function that may relate to change in knee adduction moment is warranted.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ec1b48ed39b4fadac483ab6f47509bb", "input": "Question: Does ultrapure alginate anti-adhesion gel impair colon anastomotic strength?\nAnswer: While reducing adhesion formation, ultrapure alginate gel does not interfere with the development of colonic anastomotic strength during the crucial early healing period.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-975a9ad6c3bf41379de47893e3248361", "input": "Question: Is intestinal fatty acid binding protein polymorphism at codon 54 associated with postprandial responses to fat and glucose tolerance tests in healthy young Europeans . Results from EARS II participants?\nAnswer: In this study FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism was not associated with lipid or glucose metabolism. In addition to environmental and genetic factors, selection of study population also may explain the difference between this and earlier studies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-26f9b1ab3e894a03bfd51568b5c090b9", "input": "Question: Is seropositivity to multiple sexually transmitted infections common?\nAnswer: Seropositivity to multiple STIs is not common. This fits the concept of different transmission probabilities and the spread of the STIs, and suggests that seropositivity alone should be used with caution as a surrogate to sexual behavior in women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7f4691f7ad94bf5b61b26fed938aeaa", "input": "Question: Does intranasal fluticasone propionate prevent acute otitis media during viral upper respiratory infection in children?\nAnswer: Intranasally administered fluticasone does not prevent the development of AOM during URI but may increase the incidence of AOM during rhinovirus infection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ebbb978d52fa4395a0f2a8a66df2d1c6", "input": "Question: Does intensity of acute exercise affect serum leptin concentrations in young men?\nAnswer: We conclude that 30 min of acute exercise, at varying intensity of exercise and caloric expenditure, does not affect serum leptin concentrations during exercise or for the first 3.5 hours of recovery in healthy young men.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1222270c7e9841d6b3e83cf9c802e0ac", "input": "Question: Do antibodies to both ICAM-1 and LFA-1 protect the kidney against toxic ( HgCl2 ) injury?\nAnswer: Prevention of cellular infiltration by mAbs to LFA-1 and ICAM-1 has no effect on renal morphology, function, or regeneration following mercuric chloride-induced ARF in the rat. This result contrasts with the functional protection of the rat kidney to ischemia/reperfusion injury by virtue of an identical antibody treatment protocol. Resolving that controversy should bring better insight in fundamental processes underlying different types of ARF, and will be the subject of further study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6d74892cbd1049edaaa6580abdc55754", "input": "Question: Does renovascular hypertension influence repair of glomerular lesions induced by anti-thymocyte glomerulonephritis?\nAnswer: These data demonstrate that renovascular hypertension does not influence healing of the glomerular lesions in the anti-thymocyte serum nephritis. This is a rather surprising observation and leaves the question open of which role, in fact, blood pressure may have on the reparative phase of an acute glomerulonephritis, or whether its role depends on the type of glomerulonephritis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-48816c3b66894a5e9bc76a69c0aed689", "input": "Question: Are the paraoxonase Leu-Met54 and Gln-Arg191 gene polymorphisms associated with the risk of coronary heart disease?\nAnswer: The present findings do not strengthen the hypothesis that the paraoxonase gene polymorphisms are independently associated with coronary heart disease indicating that these gene variations are of little usefulness as genetic markers of cardiovascular disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b3226fed7ce841beb7ba8dc21c634c48", "input": "Question: Does the intestinal uptake of phenol from micellar systems conform to the aqueous transfer model?\nAnswer: The uptake of micellized phenol did not follow the aqueous transfer model of uptake.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2543b682642c4e1aa31c94e54b47fc40", "input": "Question: Does continuous epidural analgesia for painless labor increase the incidence of cesarean delivery?\nAnswer: The findings may support the conclusion that continuous epidural analgesia for pain relief during labor would not increase the rate of cesarean delivery. In contrast, it may reduce this risk in nulliparas.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1ac5689da07d487da5978d471ef06891", "input": "Question: Does allopurinol increase free radical scavenging capacity during reperfusion in coronary artery bypass graft patients?\nAnswer: The reducing effect of allopurinol on free radical generation cannot be seen in TRAP values, obviously because the uric acid concentration of plasma decreases markedly. The positive clinical effects of allopurinol in CABG patients may arise from its direct oxygen free radical scavenging function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a63bb8cffbd4af1a2e7b0869b294636", "input": "Question: Is p53 nuclear accumulation associated with decreased disease-free survival in patients with node positive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder?\nAnswer: Despite credible evidence for p53 nuclear accumulation prognostication in patients with in situ and invasive transitional cell carcinoma, this marker is not predictive of disease-free survival in node positive disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8eceb7977876497b8e526caaf1d68f5a", "input": "Question: Does cOX-2 inhibition with rofecoxib increase intestinal permeability in healthy subjects : a double blind crossover study comparing rofecoxib with placebo and indomethacin?\nAnswer: In this study, treatment for one week with indomethacin 50 mg three times daily significantly increased intestinal permeability compared with placebo, while treatment with rofecoxib 25 mg or 50 mg daily did not. The absence of a significant effect of rofecoxib on intestinal permeability at doses at least twice those recommended to treat osteoarthritis was consistent with other studies that have demonstrated little or no injury to the gastrointestinal mucosa associated with rofecoxib therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-de712cb8e3884d0bb1e17f56ab5df0a7", "input": "Question: Does unloading of baroreceptors by carotid occlusion increase heart rate in fetal sheep?\nAnswer: We conclude that in contrast to adult animals, in fetal sheep carotid occlusion with subsequent unloading of baroreceptors does not increase heart rate even when the baroreflex had been activated by arterial hypertension. It seems likely that stimulation of carotid chemoreceptors prevents the expected baroreceptor mediated heart-rate response.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e78a97fb309b46aea6146e613389b969", "input": "Question: Do structural brain lesions influence the prognosis of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?\nAnswer: These data confirm that neuroimaging procedures should not be routinely performed in patients with typical JME, unless additional neurological problems, that are unrelated to the diagnosis of epilepsy, occur.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd3f8c837680462da39148e786d4c08a", "input": "Question: Is [ The estimation of cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients modified by management of the hypertension ]?\nAnswer: General physicians estimation of cardiovascular risk at 10 years of hypertensive subjects has a bad concordance with the calculated risk according to Framingham equation. The results of this study indicate that the estimation of cardiovascular risk of hypertensive subjects does not modify the management of hypertension.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6128c48a70114bd886dcecd4f47b1840", "input": "Question: Does washing of new microscopic glass slides in dichromate solution influence sputum AFB smear results?\nAnswer: Washing of new glass slides in dichromate solution is not essential for AFB microscopy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ecb8459ac714d1d832f7c64c2f78660", "input": "Question: Does three-dimensional assessment of ultrasound features in women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome ( PCOS ) : ovarian stromal volume correlate with biochemical indices?\nAnswer: These findings demonstrate an association of the total ovarian volume, pre-antral follicle number and total follicular volume with some of the biochemical indices of PCOS, but no association was observed between ovarian stromal volume and these indices.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e90cda3849344e1ab64f368b8d0dddab", "input": "Question: Is work-related physical activity associated with body mass index and obesity?\nAnswer: These results raise questions about the association between WRPA and obesity and suggest the need to reexamine models of the obesity epidemic that point to automation of the workplace as one of the major explanatory factors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c81ddaf13c634928a3a0da5f176dda1f", "input": "Question: Does immediate reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer prolong the time to starting adjuvant chemotherapy?\nAnswer: Immediate reconstruction after mastectomy does not increase the time to chemotherapy compared with mastectomy alone.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c9121f7ce8f4c60b76a3c3d7101ef9c", "input": "Question: Does the farnesyl transferase inhibitor RPR-130401 alter radiation susceptibility in human tumor cells with a K-Ras mutation in spite of large changes in ploidy and lamin B distribution?\nAnswer: The data suggest that disruption of orderly progression through mitosis and cytokinesis, is a major outcome of drug action and that this effect proceeds from inhibition of lamin B farnesylation. It is anticipated from the strict additivity of RPR-130401 and radiation that neither induced radiation resistance nor acute or late complications of radiotherapy, should occur in combined treatment with RPR-130401.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea6cd14e2c554ebcba8464c69dc217e9", "input": "Question: Is transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting superior to endoscopic variceal band ligation for prevention of variceal rebleeding in cirrhotic patients : a randomized , controlled trial?\nAnswer: TIPS is not superior to VBL in the prevention of variceal rebleeding. Furthermore, similar mortality rates in patients treated with TIPS or VBL negate TIPS as the preferred strategy for prevention of variceal rebleeding.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3130782ca48349a9a54ddeece3aed275", "input": "Question: Is outcome improved by the use of alternating chemotherapy in elderly patients with aggressive lymphoma?\nAnswer: Alternating regimen did not improve outcome, was less efficient and more toxic.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1af51f37c3ea41f3982c55059227eae6", "input": "Question: Does increased conventional chemotherapy improve survival in multiple myeloma : long-term results of two PETHEMA trials including 914 patients?\nAnswer: In these trials the response rate significantly correlated with the regimen intensity. However, no significant differences in response duration and survival were found. This highlights the limited role of conventional chemotherapy in MM and the need for further trials, aimed at determining the impact of new treatment approaches such as high-dose therapy/autotransplantation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c57589ab8934c8a8611a3cdaae0ee32", "input": "Question: Is the deletion polymorphism of the ACE gene an independent risk factor for renal scarring in children with vesico-ureteric reflux?\nAnswer: We cannot confirm previous reports that children with vesico-ureteric reflux who are homozygous for the deletion polymorphism of the ACE gene are more susceptible to renal scarring than heterozygotes and II homozygotes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e60267176fc94140a0e244a330291f1d", "input": "Question: Does diclofenac interact with codeine metabolism in vivo : a study in healthy volunteers?\nAnswer: In contrast to recent in vitro data, a single oral dose of diclofenac did not alter the glucuronidation of codeine in healthy volunteers.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f519186351f544f5b768503b8eb81ae3", "input": "Question: Is microalbuminuria in hypertension a determinant of insulin resistance?\nAnswer: In hypertension, MA is not a determinant of insulin resistance, provided confounding factors such as degree of adiposity are carefully controlled.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2f5d15b1881145d38c34e84906e1b376", "input": "Question: Does short-term beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation reduce symptoms of eccentric muscle damage?\nAnswer: Compared to a placebo condition, short-term supplementation with 40mg/kg bodyweight/day of HMB had no beneficial effect on a range of symptoms associated with eccentric muscle damage. If HMB can produce an ergogenic response, a longer preexercise supplementation period may be necessary.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b046c187ebae4050b69875eca359c17f", "input": "Question: Do xenon and nitrous oxide depress cardiac function in an isolated rat heart model?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that cardiac contractility was decreased by the effects of reduced O2 delivery, but both Xe and N2O did not cause further cardiac depressant effects compared to N2 in this experimental model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-81b45c9efcf544698c6a2a001468b498", "input": "Question: Is obesity a confounding factor for performing autonomic function tests in individuals with diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: The results of this study indicate that obesity is not a confounding factor in the performance of autonomic function tests. Likewise, the reproducibility of autonomic function testing is not affected by obesity. Assessment of autonomic function is important for obese and non-obese individuals given that reduced RR-variation is associated with exercise intolerance, intraoperative cardiovascular lability and increased risk of mortality.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-be46b7ce6e3f46b899fadf2f4e23a0db", "input": "Question: Does increased stool sampling during a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis increase the detection of other faecal pathogens?\nAnswer: This study found no evidence of under ascertainment of gastrointestinal infection (common bacterial pathogens and rotavirus) by local general practitioners.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b007ce0d54441b4a0ff724fd4e98eec", "input": "Question: Does induction of labor in twin pregnancy after 36 weeks increase maternal-fetal morbidity?\nAnswer: Induction of labor may be proposed to patients with uneventful twin pregnancy after 36 weeks gestation without increasing maternal-fetal morbidity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eb5974e5e66c4d28a42df68c37bcb401", "input": "Question: Is insulin gene variable number of tandem repeats regulatory polymorphism associated with hyperandrogenism in Spanish women?\nAnswer: Hyperandrogenism and the insulin gene VNTR regulatory polymorphism are not associated in Spanish women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e2ae4bf39324b9589c81362fb580d08", "input": "Question: Do serum cytokine levels correlate with disease activity and severity assessed by brain MRI in multiple sclerosis?\nAnswer: Our data show that the determination of serum levels of the investigated cytokines and cytokine receptors is not useful as a tool to determine subclinical disease activity and severity as assessed by brain MRI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-37dab11718d7485daba0010c5c3be2e2", "input": "Question: Does eMLA cream prior to digital nerve block for ingrown nail surgery reduce pain at injection of anesthetic solution?\nAnswer: We found no clinical benefit in using EMLA during digital nerve block. Although the digital nerves are not deeply located in the small subcutaneous space of the digit, topical anesthesia may not reach them. Moreover, swelling due to injection of the anesthetic product in this small space may also amplify the sensation of pain.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d2d0b357f9d840aeae1ed7fb578ef1fb", "input": "Question: Does medial degeneration involve uniformly the whole ascending aorta : morphological , biochemical and clinical correlations?\nAnswer: MD lesions in dilated intrapericardial aorta are more severe in the right postero-lateral wall area, likely due to haemodynamic stress asymmetry.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bce153737c334c2fb239bea2a61a45b2", "input": "Question: Does isoflurane further impair microvascular vasomotion in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage?\nAnswer: In rats, isoflurane does not further impair EDD after SAH and modulates the constrictive response to ET-1. Such an effect of isoflurane would not predispose the SAH-exposed vessels to vasospasm.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3468589c7c4446da8c878b2414561c29", "input": "Question: Does increased endometrial thickness on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin injection adversely affect pregnancy or implantation rates following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer?\nAnswer: No adverse effects of a thickened endometrium were demonstrated on implantation, pregnancy, or abortion rates in the first IVF-ET cycle. These findings fail to corroborate with those of Weissman et al. and support those of Yakin et al.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a0fca0c4c7f64402aeb987fac6ee6b0e", "input": "Question: Are primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune cholangitis associated with coeliac disease in Crete?\nAnswer: We were unable to demonstrate an increased risk of coeliac disease in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune cholangitis. Our results confirm the previously reported high prevalence of false-positive anti-gliadin and guinea pig liver-derived anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies in patients with chronic liver disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2f206d3744ee42899aebaa3541661b8c", "input": "Question: Does insulin , unlike food intake , suppress ghrelin in human subjects?\nAnswer: Unlike food intake, the administration of insulin and glucose does not suppress ghrelin levels. These data suggest that the suppressive effect of food intake or oral glucose on serum ghrelin is unlikely mediated by the changes of plasma insulin and glucose observed after the ingestion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b092cd0a6c4431db9f4d16251b97893", "input": "Question: Does sTAT3beta interfere with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-induced neutrophilic differentiation?\nAnswer: These findings argue against a role of STAT3beta as a negative regulator of G-CSF-induced expression of p27 and myeloid differentiation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-36d4cf73cd3a410fbc6563485dc3ec85", "input": "Question: Do midlatency auditory evoked potentials allow the prediction of recovery from general anesthesia with isoflurane?\nAnswer: The persistent changes of MLAEP latency components Na and Nb indicated impaired auditory signal processing 38 min after isoflurane anesthesia. There was a marked intra- and inter-individual variability during reversal of the anesthetic induced MLAEP changes. This limits the prediction of recovery of consciousness in the individual patient during emergence from anesthesia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-598e59289a4e49768e8a56dc3183ae5a", "input": "Question: Does deregulated expression of promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias affect cyclin A expression?\nAnswer: The lower survival of patients with the highest levels of PLZF suggests that this protein may be a marker of progression in B-CLL. The absence of co-ordinated regulation of PLZF and cyclin A genes in B-CLL and in a malignant B-cell line may indicate a loss of cyclin A control by PLZF in B-CLL and other B-cell disorders. Deregulation of PLZF could thus play a role in B-cell malignancy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-939d3aa59cdb4dc4a4c787e9ea8f09bb", "input": "Question: Does blockade of CD40-CD154 at the time of donor-specific blood transfusion lead to prolonged kidney allograft survival in nonhuman primates?\nAnswer: DST under the cover of relatively high levels of anti-CD154 failed to result in prolonged graft survival or prevent the formation of antidonor antibodies, when cyclosporine was given after transplantation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-01b24060e2f84f2293f4d46c315b6e77", "input": "Question: Does cyclosporine enhance the development of accelerated coronary artery disease : experimental study in a rat cardiac transplant model?\nAnswer: Despite the excessive increase in CsA blood levels we observed neither a further reduction nor an increase of ACAD in the high-dose group compared with the low-dose group. Therefore, CsA did not enhance the development of chronic rejection in this experiment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eaa9179c84dd437fb561f76ed841e759", "input": "Question: Is eating disorder symptomatology associated with pregnancy and perinatal complications in a cohort of adolescents who were born preterm?\nAnswer: These results indicate that traumatic episodes early in life, including brain insults, do not appear to increase the susceptibility of developing eating disorder symptomatology, depression, deficiency of self-esteem, or distortion of body shape during late adolescence.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-090f54850bde41e2ab6849c5a975f581", "input": "Question: Is social complexity in bees sufficient to explain lack of reversions to solitary living over long time scales?\nAnswer: We argue that allodapine sociality has been maintained by ecological constraints and the benefits of alloparental care, as opposed to behavioural, genetic or morphological constraints to independent living. Allodapine brood are highly vulnerable to predation because they are progressively reared in an open nest (not in sealed brood cells), which provides potentially large benefits for alloparental care and incentives for reproductives to tolerate potential alloparents. We argue that similar vulnerabilities may also help explain the lack of reversions to solitary living in other taxa with ancient social origins.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a4d4a08b41f48bf9bc75a75ab4455b5", "input": "Question: Is prehysterectomy curettage in women with uterine fibromyomata worthwhile?\nAnswer: Curettage in women with a preoperative diagnosis of uterine fibromyomata is not worthwhile.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-da14b3c79fed432ca1736f8d04277397", "input": "Question: Is mutation of the p53 tumor-suppressor gene a feature of endometrial hyperplasias?\nAnswer: Because it does not appear to be a feature of endometrial hyperplasias, mutation of the p53 gene may represent a relatively late event in endometrial carcinogenesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-53c7dd50c7c74b3fb20390563aa24e49", "input": "Question: Is herpes simplex virus type 1 transcription detectable in quiescent human stromal keratitis by in situ hybridization?\nAnswer: At the level of detection afforded by in situ hybridization, HSV persistent in scarred human corneas after stromal keratitis appears to be transcriptionally dormant. This contrasts with the situation in neurons of latently infected sensory ganglia, in which LATs are present at high levels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2361abbaed2c4eb9ad6ae5d1b5fb8007", "input": "Question: Does herpes simplex virus type I require productive infection to induce tissue factor in human umbilical vein endothelial cells?\nAnswer: HSV-1 induces PCA in HUVEC which is clearly TF-dependent; this response does not require viral replication. These data indicate increased complexity in HSV interactions with vascular endothelium and imply induction of some procoagulant functions by nonproductive infection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-78153eb949344cb4b85516108fbeaa9f", "input": "Question: Does low dose iron supplementation cover the need for iron during pregnancy?\nAnswer: Despite a normal hemoglobin concentration and intact iron stores in the 16th week, an iron supplementation of 18 mg daily is not sufficient to cover the iron need in many pregnant women in the 3rd trimester.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6aaee1449ae442f0ab4c803bcfabf3c2", "input": "Question: Does mild hypothermia after cardiac arrest in dogs affect postarrest multifocal cerebral hypoperfusion?\nAnswer: After cardiac arrest, mild resuscitative hypothermia lasting 1 hour does not significantly affect patterns of cerebral blood flow and oxygen uptake. This suggests that different mechanisms may explain its mitigating effect on brain damage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d168d717e81c4d9b86481094371db2ac", "input": "Question: Does membrane microviscosity correlate with blood pressure : a cosegregation study?\nAnswer: Erythrocyte membrane microviscosity is elevated in SHRSP compared with WKY rats. In segregating F2 hybrid rats the membrane microviscosity trait does not correlate with blood pressure. These results eliminate the microviscosity trait as being directly related to the cause of genetic differences in blood pressure between WKY rats and SHRSP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b444d83349ff419290bae582c00e2596", "input": "Question: Is evidence from comparative investigations that impaired platelet activation specific for stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats?\nAnswer: Because indistinguishable results were observed in both hypertensive strains, we conclude that impaired platelet aggregation is not specific for SHRSP. Hence, it may not primarily be responsible for the increased occurrence of stroke in these animals.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c3493b78bfc4b6a85477d574bea2f59", "input": "Question: Do serum creatinine , height , and weight predict glomerular filtration rate in children with IDDM?\nAnswer: KL/Cr and Cockroft-Gault do not accurately estimate DTPA plasma clearance. We recommend the use of K equal to 0.70 when estimating GFR in children and adolescents with IDDM and DTPA-GFR < or = 140 using KL/Cr and do not recommend the use of the KL/Cr (for patients with DTPA-GFR > 140) or the Cockroft-Gault equation in this population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d867690167ec4a39a6e2febbbaff88e1", "input": "Question: Are insulin and blood pressure levels independently related in Mauritians of Asian Indian , Creole or Chinese origin . The Mauritius Non-communicable Disease Study Group?\nAnswer: This study of three ethnic groups does not support the hypothesis that the circulating insulin concentration is an independent determinant of blood pressure in populations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f2160012327041cdaee64d342e0a03ab", "input": "Question: Is prevalence of Celiac Disease Increased in ADHD Sample?\nAnswer: In our sample of children and teenagers with ADHD, the prevalence of CD was not higher than in the general population. On the basis of the obtained results and the results of similar studies, we conclude that there are not enough data to support screening for CD and the introduction of a gluten-free diet in children with ADHD unless there are additional indications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6e2efcf3f02d4d3fbe6d3c7aa8189e9a", "input": "Question: Does montelukast Maintain Symptom Remission After Topical Steroid Therapy for Eosinophilic Esophagitis?\nAnswer: In a randomized controlled trial of the ability of montelukast to maintain remission in patients in remission from EoE after steroid therapy, we found montelukast to be well tolerated; 40% of patients remained in remission, but this proportion did not differ significantly from that of the placebo group. ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT00511316.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b22be22380241e3bab295fbd9c08eb7", "input": "Question: Does four Weeks of Balance Training Affect Ankle Joint Stiffness in Subjects with Unilateral Chronic Ankle Instability?\nAnswer: Decreased inversion stiffness in the involved chronic unstable ankle was found that of uninvolved contralateral ankle. The 4-week balance training program intervention was ineffective in altering the mechanical characteristics of ankles with CAI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-210e6fc1f82346bfadf98ba51053ec1e", "input": "Question: Does twelve week liraglutide or sitagliptin affect hepatic fat in type 2 diabetes : a randomised placebo-controlled trial?\nAnswer: Twelve-week liraglutide or sitagliptin treatment does not reduce hepatic steatosis or fibrosis in type 2 diabetes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0536e07d253a45f19446218431bbd55c", "input": "Question: Does prenatal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation affect offspring telomere length and F2-isoprostanes at 12 years : A double blind , randomized controlled trial?\nAnswer: This study does not support the hypothesis that n-3 LCPUFA during pregnancy provides sustained effects on postnatal oxidative stress and telomere length as observed in the offspring.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f8076dc41634bf8903bcfb8381ad2b5", "input": "Question: Does acute stress affect the impairing effect of chronic stress on memory retrieval?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that both chronic and acute stress impair memory retrieval similarly. Additionally, the impairing effects of chronic stress on memory retrieval were not influenced by acute stress.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4012bca2f0c94bfeaa14aefbf5cd0f0d", "input": "Question: Do lateral osteophytes represent a contraindication to medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty : a 15-year follow-up?\nAnswer: The presence of lateral osteophytes is not a contraindication to medial meniscal-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. The clinical relevance of this study is that it highlights the importance of an appropriate pre-operative assessment of the lateral compartment as in the setting of full-thickness cartilage at operation lateral osteophytes do not compromise long-term functional outcome or implant survival.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9460d23e6b4746e79aa7629eda4c3370", "input": "Question: Does a single-dose antihelminthic treatment influence immunogenicity of a meningococcal and a cholera vaccine in Gabonese school children?\nAnswer: A single-dose treatment with albendazole prior to immunization had no effect on meningococcal or cholera vaccine immunogenicity in our study population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aad26c35fc614753ae1c8b2a447f25e3", "input": "Question: Do remote preoperative tonic-clonic seizures influence outcome after surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy?\nAnswer: The more remote the occurrence of preoperative tonic-clonic seizures, the better the postsurgical seizure outcome, with at least a two year gap being more favorable. A recent history of tonic-clonic seizures in a patient with MTLE may reflect more widespread epileptogenicity extending beyond the borders of mesial temporal structures.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-383ef179fc964baf971a93c998a45f46", "input": "Question: Does erythropoietin activate erythropoietin receptor signaling or lipolytic pathways in human subcutaneous white adipose tissue in vivo?\nAnswer: Thus, in contradiction to animal studies, Epo treatment within a physiological relevant range in humans does not exert direct effects in a subcutaneous WAT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9f12f5877dd34836834cf815f2da6245", "input": "Question: Is efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma : age a problem?\nAnswer: Elderly patients with advanced HCC, when treated with sorafenib, have an equivalent clinical outcome with similar toxicity rates as their younger counterparts. Age alone should not be a discriminating factor for the management of advanced HCC with sorafenib.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6e204ab2fc8e4f968a36ecb005a2f501", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of Constitutive Nitric Oxide Synthase Influence Ventilation-Perfusion Matching in Normal Prone Adult Sheep With Mechanical Ventilation?\nAnswer: We found minimal or no influence of constitutive nitric oxide synthase inhibition by L-NAME on the distributions of ventilation and perfusion, and ventilation-perfusion in prone, anesthetized, ventilated, and healthy adult sheep with normal gas exchange.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-decc79cf76294b5fabc741b18615d6c3", "input": "Question: Does prolonged Achilles Tendon Vibration Alter the Neuromuscular Performance of Plantar Flexor Muscles?\nAnswer: The current study demonstrates that 30 min of Achilles tendon vibration at a low or high frequency using a portable stimulator did not affect the neuromuscular performance of the plantar flexor muscles. These results emphasize the limits of tendon vibration, whatever the frequency applied, for inducing neuromuscular fatigue.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-03d98906134041e09133391e1ee24681", "input": "Question: Is postpercutaneous Nephrolithotomy Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Associated With Unplanned Readmission?\nAnswer: Nearly half of the patients undergoing PCNL met the criteria for SIRS within the first postoperative day. There was no association between SIRS and unplanned readmission in the postoperative PCNL patient. Despite discharge during the first postoperative day, patients with SIRS (without fever or struvite stones) had no increased risk for unplanned return. Our findings suggest that the development of SIRS immediately following PCNL does not preclude safe discharge on the first postoperative day.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-be996f8e323a41e7b1c3ad7ff0be3c29", "input": "Question: Are blood pressure measurements in the ankle equivalent to blood pressure measurements in the arm?\nAnswer: Ankle BP cannot be used as a substitute for arm BP in the ED.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-84c2c7ab9cab461bb42a3eb225655b56", "input": "Question: Does objective severity capture the impact of rosacea , acne scarring and photoaging in patients seeking laser therapy?\nAnswer: Skin conditions can have a profound impact on patient QOL, which is affected by patients' perception of disease severity and not fully appreciated by dermatologists' own severity assessments. Laser therapy is associated with high patient satisfaction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4caddc9090a64600b24159d593f30dfd", "input": "Question: Is medullary neuronal loss associated with \u03b1-synuclein burden in multiple system atrophy?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that in MSA adrenergic neurons are more susceptible than serotonergic neurons in the medulla. Further, loss of medullary monoaminergic neurons may progress independently from \u03b1-synuclein accumulation in MSA. \u00a9 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b3b360824da4cc0916a8dbd11630f34", "input": "Question: Is sarcopenia of thoracic muscle mass a risk factor for survival in lung transplant recipients?\nAnswer: Although patients with thoracic sarcopenia seem to require a longer post-operative recovery time after LTx, this does not compromise their early outcomes. By contrast, patients with larger thoracic muscle volume (Q4) showed poorer survival times.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-58c4164adeef4403a00e535c603f4dac", "input": "Question: Does protected Resident Research Time Increase the Quantity or Quality of Residency Program Research Publications : A Comparison of 3 Orthopedic Residencies?\nAnswer: Residency programs with dedicated research time did not produce significantly (p > 0.05) more, or higher quality, PRPs than residencies without dedicated research time. It may be that the quantity and quality of PRPs is related more to faculty engagement, research interest, and mentorship at individual programs rather than the number of residents given dedicated time to complete research.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a74bf73038c4083b4a8377f81d9cd32", "input": "Question: Is detection of interleukin-2 useful for distinguishing between latent and active tuberculosis in clinical practice : a prospective cohort study?\nAnswer: Quantification of IL-2 in the supernatant of QFT after a prolonged incubation is not useful to distinguish between LTBI and active disease in clinical practice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ba9437618e7a445fa50517d2589e78d6", "input": "Question: Is orolingual angioedema after thrombolysis associated with insular cortex ischemia on pre-thrombolysis CT?\nAnswer: Female sex and ACE-I use are independent risk factors for OA occurrence in ischemic stroke patients treated with alteplase. Early signs of insular cortex ischemia on pre-thrombolysis CT were not significantly associated with OA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-804b274dd0bb452e9d195b38c59dad6e", "input": "Question: Is combined Administration of IV and Topical Tranexamic Acid Superior to Either Individually in Primary Navigated TKA?\nAnswer: Tranexamic use decreases blood loss in navigation-assisted arthroplasty, however, less than that observed for conventional arthroplasty in literature. Further, combined group has no added advantage over other methods of drug administration. We believe that additional amount of TXA administered in combined regimen may not be clinically useful. Further TXA group did not have any advantage in terms of functional recovery over control group.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-653bef348017430a89d096f2953f1bc7", "input": "Question: Does pre-Operative Autologous Blood Donation Affect Pre-Incision Hematocrit in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients . A Retrospective Cohort of a Prospective Randomized Trial?\nAnswer: This study supports the use of pre-donation for AIS, without a significant drop in pre-incision Hct. Patients that donate are also much less likely to be exposed to allogenic blood. There may be a surgeon bias to recommend pre-donation in patients with a larger BMI and older age. Future studies are needed from a larger population of patients including those with non-AIS pathology.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-832376cfb99041c290f35c4bd761d0d8", "input": "Question: Is sofosbuvir and ribavirin for 6 weeks effective among people with recent hepatitis C virus infection : The DARE-C II study?\nAnswer: Six weeks of sofosbuvir and ribavirin was safe and well tolerated, but efficacy was suboptimal; further research is needed to determine whether more potent interferon-free direct-acting antiviral regimens will allow treatment duration to be shortened in recent, predominantly asymptomatic HCV infection. (Hepatology 2016;64:1911-1921).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-86fddd040fe84c938d37e133d2ed466f", "input": "Question: Is antibiotic Treatment for First Episode of Acute Otitis Media Associated with Future Recurrences?\nAnswer: Oral antibiotic treatment of a first AOM episode occurring during infancy does not affect the number of AOM recurrences and AOM-related health care utilization later in life. This information can be used when weighing the pros and cons of various AOM treatment options.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-231c158dcebf49d5bf3b9b310e8c305a", "input": "Question: Is structural pathology related to patient-reported pain and function in patients undergoing meniscal surgery?\nAnswer: Specific meniscal pathology and other structural joint pathologies found at meniscal surgery were not associated with preoperative self-reported pain and function in patients with meniscal tears questioning inferences made about a direct relationship between these. Our findings question the role of arthroscopic surgery to address structural pathology as a means to improve patient-reported outcomes in patients having surgery for a meniscal tear.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-70a718949718490b849ec86e36e0a693", "input": "Question: Does knowledge of Repetition Range Affect the Maximal Force Production Strategies of Adolescent Females?\nAnswer: Adolescent females exhibited an anticipatory response to the task of performing repeated MVCs. A lack of change with knowledge of endpoint indicates that those lacking in MVC experience do not employ the same pacing strategies as in previous studies of participants with MVC experience.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-821a6a30b01c4f6cb6e19e56fee8dea9", "input": "Question: Are facility-Level Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Readmission Rates Associated With Facility-Level Mortality : Insights From the VA Clinical Assessment , Reporting , and Tracking ( CART ) Program?\nAnswer: Thirty-day readmissions after PCI are common and are a significant risk factor for mortality for individual patients even after robust statistical adjustment for clinical confounding. However, lack of correlation between readmission and mortality at the facility level suggests that quality improvement based on facility-level readmission rates will not modify mortality in this high-risk group.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-98948b823490406fbe247af9b1c0df2e", "input": "Question: Does vitamin E decrease the incidence of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy : a meta-analysis?\nAnswer: Vitamin E administration dose not decrease the incidence of CIPN. However, additional randomised controlled trials using large samples are needed to confirm the role of vitamin E supplementation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d69aad3c9d5648dba63a2c91f89d66e8", "input": "Question: Do cell-cycle markers improve discrimination of EORTC and CUETO risk models in predicting recurrence and progression of non-muscle-invasive high-grade bladder cancer?\nAnswer: Markers were not significant predictors of recurrence nor progression in patients with high-grade NMIBC and their addition to prediction models is of little benefit.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce80783181f64a2bbe4f179c973ba49e", "input": "Question: Are cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid Beta and Tau Concentrations Modulated by 16 Weeks of Moderate- to High-Intensity Physical Exercise in Patients with Alzheimer Disease?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that the possible effect of physical exercise on cognition in patients with AD is not due to modulation of A\u03b2, t-tau, p-tau and sAPP species.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8c684f47349a4f098401805ef1cbf579", "input": "Question: Is plasma homocysteine a major risk factor for vascular disease in growth hormone deficient adults?\nAnswer: Plasma homocysteine levels are not significantly elevated in GH-deficient adults and are unlikely to be a major risk factor for vascular disease in these individuals.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fbaeb7db1f8042a5a427c597c056f0b0", "input": "Question: Is recent experience with human immunodeficiency virus transmission by cellular blood products in Germany : antibody screening sufficient to prevent transmission?\nAnswer: This case report clearly indicates that the remaining risk of transfusion-related transmission of HIV could be severely reduced, not only by the use of NAT screening but even by HIV antigen screening or more sensitive HIV antibody assays.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-068d57d941284568b5165b4f3ed3ddaf", "input": "Question: Is n-acetyl beta-D-glucosaminidase attached to human sperm membranes through the glycosylphosphatidyl inositol ( GPI ) -anchor?\nAnswer: The evidence presented strongly suggests that human sperm membrane bound NAGA is not attached via the GPI anchor.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a18cca015dc64562b89fbc8dfa08480c", "input": "Question: Is follistatin-free activin A associated with preterm birth?\nAnswer: Follistatin-free activin A is not associated with spontaneous preterm birth in an asymptomatic outpatient population. Follistatin-free activin A may not be an appropriate screening marker for spontaneous preterm birth in the office setting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e83f6bc9189349da8440a52c8ed09a41", "input": "Question: Does prostaglandin-induced activation of uterine contractility in pregnant rats involve potassium channels?\nAnswer: Adenosine triphosphate-sensitive and calcium-sensitive potassium channels are not involved in the effect of prostaglandin F2alpha, prostaglandin E2, and prostaglandin I2 on pregnant rat uterus.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-73090bb8d0a94c60951420714763c842", "input": "Question: Does the acute phase response fully predict the presence of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia in inflammatory arthritis?\nAnswer: Insulin resistance and dyslipidemia were highly prevalent in patients with inflammatory arthritis. The acute phase response and excess weight could fully explain the insulin resistance but only partially explain the dyslipidemia. These findings have important implications for the management of inflammatory arthritis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e80fe0de5293421c8d441c2d98cc0d32", "input": "Question: Is hypoxia the sole cause of lactate production during shock?\nAnswer: Increased Na+-K+ATPase activity during epinephrine treatment or hemorrhage contributes to muscle lactate production. Hypoxia is not necessarily the sole cause of hyperlactatemia during and after hemorrhagic shock.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7f163d997eb344829426a4b18767de92", "input": "Question: Are attention deficits characteristic of schoolchildren with newly diagnosed idiopathic or cryptogenic epilepsy?\nAnswer: Children with newly diagnosed \"epilepsy only\" do not have persistent attention deficits. AED treatment has no detrimental effect on attention. Prior school and behavior difficulties and a maladaptive reaction to the onset of epilepsy rather than epilepsy variables are related to decreased attentional efficiency.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6bc851b0be3c4e9a8873c81b466676d8", "input": "Question: Does use of acute hospital beds increase as the population ages : results from a seven year cohort study in Germany?\nAnswer: Lifelong hospital utilisation for persons who die at 50 or later is directly proportional to the number of years lived. These data contradict results from cross sectional studies that suggest an exponential rise in health care costs as longevity increases. They have important implications for projections of future health care expenditure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6aeb7c2c14c24ca692c6933f5a06a9a2", "input": "Question: Does baseline prostatic specific antigen predict the outcome of high energy transurethral microwave thermotherapy?\nAnswer: Pretreatment PSA cannot predict the clinical outcome after high energy transurethral thermotherapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-36a736b30eff40f088ba08554a5acc58", "input": "Question: Do urinary crystallization inhibitors prevent crystal binding?\nAnswer: The adherence of crystals to pericellular matrixes may encompass more than their simple fixation to the polysaccharide HA. Calcium oxalate crystal retention is not prevented by coating crystals with urinary constituents such as glycoproteins and, therefore, may predominantly depend on the surface properties of the renal tubular epithelium.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b6ff07de09740acbde5287edf8a57f2", "input": "Question: Is prediction of tumour volume and pathological stage in radical prostatectomy specimens improved by taking more prostate needle-biopsy cores?\nAnswer: While taking more prostate needle biopsy cores seems to improve the detection of prostate cancer, there appears to be no major improvement in prognostic information over that gained from traditional sextant biopsies. Furthermore, the results suggest that the percentage of positive cores is the best predictor of both pathological stage and tumour volume, from among the information readily available from prostate needle biopsy. Given the variability in the number of cores obtained for diagnosis in clinical practice, these results add credence to the use of the percentage of positive cores in the biopsy set, with known predictors such as PSA and Gleason score, into future models that attempt to predict tumour biology.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2f23e40445284f02850f2cc32adabfcd", "input": "Question: Does iron bind to the Apo-B protein of low-density lipoprotein?\nAnswer: No binding was observed between iron, as a low molecular weight Fe(III) complex, and LDL. As a control albumin was able to bind iron, it seems evident that interaction of iron with LDL will involve other iron complexes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9f1f724949864460b8f56976991b8c1a", "input": "Question: Are pigs a reliable experimental model in the study of the haemodynamic and respiratory effects of CO2 pneumoperitoneum?\nAnswer: Thus, our data do not support the conclusion that the pig is a reliable experimental model for studying the pathophysiology of CO2 pneumoperitoneum-induced changes in haemodynamic and respiratory parameters, in human patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fbaf51d33fd944458b99365e940dc19f", "input": "Question: Is doxorubicin administration by continuous infusion cardioprotective : the Dana-Farber 91-01 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia protocol?\nAnswer: Continuous doxorubicin infusion over 48 hours for childhood leukemia did not offer a cardioprotective advantage over bolus infusion. Both regimens were associated with progressive subclinical cardiotoxicity. Other cardioprotective strategies should be explored.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-02224832b7444e7099e37204e02b94b0", "input": "Question: Are asthma , allergy , and airway hyperresponsiveness linked to the beta ( 2 ) -adrenoceptor gene?\nAnswer: These results indicate that asthma, allergy, and methacholine airway hyperresponsiveness are not linked to a dominant beta(2)-adrenoceptor gene with strong effect in these eight families with an inherited pattern of asthma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1ca3c7e108e1468fa8821419039ae9a6", "input": "Question: Does effective inhibition of nitric oxide production by aminoguanidine reverse hypotension in endotoxaemic rats?\nAnswer: AG inhibited NO formation in a dose-dependent way. Yet, AG had no haemodynamic effects, suggesting a minor cardiovascular influence of iNOS in this endotoxin model, in parallel to what has been found in microbial sepsis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5b70056572eb43d0ad4574d83e9f9f4a", "input": "Question: Is routine ureteral stenting necessary after ureteroscopy and ureteropyeloscopy : a randomized trial?\nAnswer: Routine ureteral stenting does not appear to be warranted in those patients who do not require ureteral dilation during ureteroscopic procedures. Ureteral stent placement following ureteroscopy may be avoided, thereby reducing operative time, surgical costs, and patient morbidity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a91c658f11c04e3ead910c68ab59cee1", "input": "Question: Is cD97-decay-accelerating factor interaction involved in leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells?\nAnswer: We found that high levels of human DAF expressed on ECs abrogates C-mediated cell damage but did not affect the in vitro adhesive properties or antigen-presenting cell function of genetically modified porcine ECs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1887e5f2133a4384981f883f560450a8", "input": "Question: Does processing of peripheral blood progenitor cell components in improved clean areas reduce the rate of microbial contamination?\nAnswer: Microbial contamination of PBPC components could not be reduced by installation of improved clean area conditions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-da7e71fae67a43b1a930c8a1b29a86fb", "input": "Question: Does angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism influence the restenosis rate after coronary stent implantation?\nAnswer: In contrast to other study groups, we were unable to disclose that the DD polymorphism of the ACE gene was associated with a higher rate of restenosis after coronary stent implantation in this multicenter study. In addition, patients with higher ACE serum levels did not show a higher restenosis rate in this trial. We conclude that the pathogenesis of restenosis is a multifactorial process involving various genetic and nongenetic factors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b87866c1a66a443eb3bc2a4f7b6f74b7", "input": "Question: Does delta opioid activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade require transphosphorylation of receptor tyrosine kinases?\nAnswer: Taken together, these data suggest that the transactivation of resident RTKs does not appear to be required for OR-mediated ERK phosphorylation and that the tyrosine-phosphorylated delta-OR, itself, is likely to act as its own signalling scaffold.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-67a3093b25ba455c8ba4c560ae955e55", "input": "Question: Does adequately washed bronchoscope induce false-positive amplification tests on bronchial aspirates in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis?\nAnswer: Adequately cleaned and disinfected bronchoscopes did not cause false-positive amplification test results for M tuberculosis on bronchial aspirates by cross-contamination. Furthermore, sensitivity was greater with the CA tests. Therefore, CA tests on bronchial aspirates seem to be useful in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e10f234198a433f8601a64a6ca59164", "input": "Question: Is transfusion of ABO-nonidentical platelets associated with adverse clinical outcomes in cardiovascular surgery patients?\nAnswer: Transfusion of ABO-nonidentical platelets in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery is not associated with an adverse impact on patient outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ebea3b9d5a64de0af92417f8e97fa23", "input": "Question: Does volume of lymphatic metastases independently influence prognosis in colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: The number of nodes involved with metastatic tumor, rather the volume of metastatic involvement of the regional lymph nodes, predicts outcome. These results suggest that micrometastatic disease may have a similar prognosis as macrometastatic disease when the same number of lymph nodes are involved with metastatic tumor.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-84cc10ef51044c85b143f83aab4c3829", "input": "Question: Does dietary fish oil prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in rats?\nAnswer: Dietary fish oil may reduce antioxidant defences and accelerate susceptibility of the myocardium to lipid peroxidation in rats under doxorubicin treatment. This may partly explain why dietary fish oil does not prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b53777a03cb843af99036f103e6e2534", "input": "Question: Is serum carbohydrate antigen 125 an independent prognostic factor in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia?\nAnswer: The results support a high CA-125 level correlates significantly with many clinical features of advanced stage, poor prognostic factors, and worse TFS and OS. However, CA-125 is not an independent prognostic factor in patients with CLL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-72a7946d3fe74555ae81b3e5d72c7675", "input": "Question: Does the Val66Met polymorphism at the BDNF gene influence Wisconsin Card Sorting Test results in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder?\nAnswer: Our findings from this sample of children and adolescents with BD do not replicate results from studies of adults and suggest the existence of differences in the neurobiology of this disorder across the life cycle. Investigations of larger samples are necessary to confirm these data.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7722f59a0a3f4a8a8deb236a6e2789aa", "input": "Question: Does transoral incisionless fundoplication significantly increase morbidity of subsequent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication?\nAnswer: Severe recurrent gastroesophageal reflux necessitating laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication occurs in a subset of patients following TIF. In this series, previous TIF did not result in prolonged operative times, significant operative hemorrhage, or iatrogenic hollow viscus injury. These data suggest that laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication can be safely performed in this patient population without increased operative morbidity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7c80e72d722441e7afb290720a813d26", "input": "Question: Does social deprivation affect lung cancer stage at presentation or disease outcome?\nAnswer: In our patient cohort, deprivation does not appear to affect stage or performance status at presentation, nor survival from lung cancer. If cancer fatalism is more prevalent in deprived populations, this does not appear to lead to later diagnosis nor worse disease outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f38efd6bbbd41739ad67ddc9e4b894f", "input": "Question: Is sex an independent risk factor for survival in differentiated thyroid cancer?\nAnswer: Male sex does not portray an independent survival risk in differentiated thyroid cancer when survival is compared by disease stage. Men present at a later age with more advanced disease, which may explain their poorer survival seen in some studies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3524423f44b49faa6b760eab0b36c77", "input": "Question: Is response to citalopram associated with SLC6A4 genotype in African-Americans and Caucasians with major depression?\nAnswer: The results are consistent with a previous finding and in accord with most of the results obtained in Caucasian subjects that SLC6A4 genotype is not related, at least by itself, to a response to treatment in either ethnic group to any clinically significant degree.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9c63fad31d44f848921702370d5540e", "input": "Question: Is step accumulation per minute epoch the same as cadence for free-living adults?\nAnswer: Step accumulation, the number of steps in a fixed period, and cadence, the rate of stepping while walking, are not interchangeable outcome measures. It is vitally important that unambiguous terminology is used to describe the rate of stepping so that the outcomes of studies can be correctly interpreted.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4096d976e3f641b6ba353d01528f43ba", "input": "Question: Does optical coherence tomography support optic nerve involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that involvement of the anterior visual pathway is not one of the non-motor manifestations of ALS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8fb4d06c4ad34df9bea08754ce99e2b7", "input": "Question: Are non-canonical protein-DNA interactions identified by ChIP artifacts?\nAnswer: The modifications to the ChIP-chip method suggested by Waldminghaus and Skarstad reduce rather than increase the quality of ChIP data. Hence, the non-canonical \u03c332 targets identified in our previous study are likely to be genuine. We propose that the failure of Waldminghaus and Skarstad to identify many of these \u03c332 targets is due predominantly to the lower data quality in their study. We conclude that surprising ChIP-chip results are not artifacts to be ignored, but rather indications that our understanding of DNA-binding proteins is incomplete.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e64d807e3b9744b397e784a9b27f5aaf", "input": "Question: Does detailed analysis of metagenome datasets obtained from biogas-producing microbial communities residing in biogas reactors indicate the presence of putative pathogenic microorganisms?\nAnswer: Findings of this first study of metagenomic sequence reads of biogas producing microbial communities suggest that the risk of dissemination of pathogenic bacteria by application of digestates from biogas fermentations as fertilizers is low, because obtained results do not indicate the presence of putative pathogenic microorganisms in the samples analyzed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0b1267befda43b7ac34d0690833586f", "input": "Question: Does close margin alone warrant postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma?\nAnswer: Surgery alone without postoperative adjuvant therapy offered acceptable local control in patients who had close margin status as their only adverse feature and may be reasonable in the presence of 1 other adverse clinicopathologic feature.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-46c904a711304b4cad5d736fcc92c7ab", "input": "Question: Are gSTM1 , GSTT1 , GSTP1 , and GSTA1 genetic variants associated with coronary artery disease in Taiwan?\nAnswer: The GST genetic variants examined were not associated with susceptibility to CAD in our Taiwanese cohort. This null association requires further confirmation with larger samples.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c247cef4dec5481b813c2765a7b40804", "input": "Question: Are mannose binding lectin genotypes associated with increased risk of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss?\nAnswer: Genotypes known to cause low MBL plasma levels are not associated with an increased risk of unexplained RPL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab4973069bf145f8bc37d655a63956bb", "input": "Question: Are lINGO1 rs9652490 and rs11856808 polymorphisms associated with risk for multiple sclerosis?\nAnswer: These results suggest that LINGO1 rs9652490 and rs11856808 polymorphisms are not related with risk for MS. This study adds to other published evidence indicating that, to date, the LINGO1 SNPs studied here could be useful risk biomarkers of developing essential tremor, but not other movement disorders.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3fbdf63c58e04917997e054aa6d39705", "input": "Question: Is language delay predictable from available risk factors?\nAnswer: The presence of one or more risk factors had a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 45%, but a positive predictive value of only 15%. The presence of one or more of these risk factors thus can not reliably be used to identify language delayed children, nor is it possible to define an \"at risk\" population because male gender was the only significant demographic factor and it had an unacceptably low specificity (52.5%). It is not possible to predict which children will have language delay at 30 months. Identification of this important ESSENCE disorder requires direct clinical contact with all families.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e475f7cf3ab4b709a82df774c962c95", "input": "Question: Does co-administration of a commonly used Zimbabwean herbal treatment ( African potato ) alter the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir?\nAnswer: African potato when taken concomitantly with LPV/r is well-tolerated and not associated with clinically significant changes in lopinavir pharmacokinetics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e6d96f0b2dfe4890be9db7eb02524d93", "input": "Question: Do unhealthy lifestyles mediate the relationship between socioeconomic status and incident depressive symptoms : the Health ABC study?\nAnswer: In generally healthy persons aged 70-79 years, lifestyle factors do not explain the relationship between SES and depressive symptoms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0190adaa302e487eb4f679d909f94f9b", "input": "Question: Does the benefit of geriatric intervention in surgery-increased throughput necessarily need more beds?\nAnswer: There was an important benefit to the availability of coloproctology and general surgical beds in this acute Trust. More efficient rehabilitation of elderly patients reduces 'bed blockage' post-operatively, and allows more effective use of available resources. Co-ordination of the geriatric service with the specialized stoma support service allows earlier discharge of the elderly, and their relocation to appropriate premises where long-term changes in bowel habit and problems with stoma care can be managed away from the acute surgical unit.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d635a0d36ea41e298cecef16973e43d", "input": "Question: Does reduced relative dose intensity of primary chemotherapy influence prognosis of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma?\nAnswer: We found no significant impact of primary chemotherapy delay resulting in reduced RDI on outcome in HL patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-81162801103d42699ab2ba8af83d258a", "input": "Question: Does clinical high-risk state predict later psychosis in a delinquent adolescent population?\nAnswer: The SIPS interview has limited power for predicting psychosis among adolescents with severe behavioural problems. However, SIPS appears to be useful for screening and predicting other psychiatric problems.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-abbbe6f17ab347fc86b9c8a3e15e4a0c", "input": "Question: Is grip and load force coordination in cyclical isometric manipulation task affected by the feedback type?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that the type of feedback does not influence task performance and GF-LF coordination. Therefore, we recommend the use of tracking tasks when assessing GF-LF coordination during isometric LF exertion in externally fixed instrumented handles because they are easier to understand and provide additional indices (e.g., RMSE) of voluntary force control.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-86884d2055bd4362bcb7ad328343041f", "input": "Question: Are beneficial effects of adjunctive aripiprazole in major depressive disorder dependent on antidepressant therapy history : a post hoc analysis of 3 randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trials?\nAnswer: Augmentation with aripiprazole, after either a between-class or within-class switch following initial ADT failure, is an effective option for patients with nonresponsive MDD. In contrast to current strategies employed in clinical practice, these results suggest that adjunctive aripiprazole is a logical strategy in patients unresponsive to ADT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-29d71c2dfb31491f8dd1672810fa0db6", "input": "Question: Does c-FLIP correlate with response to immunochemotherapy treatment and outcome of patients with nodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that c-FLIP immunoexpression can not be used as a prognostic factor in patients with nodal DLBCL treated with immunochemotherapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-64c6d1fd038145e79f0314b3ed4087d7", "input": "Question: Does statin therapy improve lung function in asthma : a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials?\nAnswer: In conclusion, there is currently insufficient evidence to show that statins improve lung function in patients with asthma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-26baca58560a43dba8f7e8a19e9831c8", "input": "Question: Does rejuvenation of ATP during storage reverse effects of the hypothermic storage lesion?\nAnswer: The results of our study demonstrate a cold rejuvenation of RBCs during HS increases intracellular ATP, but that this change does not ameliorate, or exacerbate, the metabolic or biochemical symptoms of the storage lesion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e088a21783454e23b97111a6657be962", "input": "Question: Does kIT D816V mutation burden correlate to clinical manifestations of indolent systemic mastocytosis?\nAnswer: To our knowledge, this is the first report on the clinical impact of the fraction of KIT D816V mutation positive cells in ISM, which in the present study does not seem to correlate with clinical manifestations of the disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e220150a37d41c1af63b6088983bd40", "input": "Question: Is the oral cavity a primary source for implantable pacemaker or cardioverter defibrillator infections?\nAnswer: The frequency of the coincidental detection of bacteria on infected devices and in the oral cavity is low and the detected bacteria are highly abundant colonizers of non-oral human niches.The transmission of oral bacteria to the lead or device of implantable pacemaker or cardioverter defibrillators is unlikely relevant for the pathogenesis of pacemaker or cardioverter defibrillators infections.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3680ea10f6d5464696611979234939b6", "input": "Question: Is functional activity of the cannabinoid 1 receptor affected by opioid antagonists in the rat brain?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that the functional activity of WIN55212-2-stimulated [(35)S]GTP\u03b3S binding was not affected by opioid antagonists in the rat brain membranes. Although the exact mechanism remains unclear, our results may partially elucidate their actions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a1e070f7ea4b40828b467c599bd3f87c", "input": "Question: Is intraoperative transit-time flow measurement altered in venous bypass grafts covered by the eSVS mesh?\nAnswer: The eSVS Mesh does not interfere with Doppler flow measurement in covered coronary vein grafts.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-938ca583555343f58de1c9494b150fa9", "input": "Question: Does common carotid intima-media thickness add to Framingham risk score in individuals with diabetes mellitus : the USE-IMT initiative?\nAnswer: There is no improvement in risk prediction in individuals with diabetes when measurement of the mean common CIMT is added to the Framingham risk score. Therefore, this measurement is not recommended for improving individual cardiovascular risk stratification in individuals with diabetes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f54cc17628c2449bb726e7d6c153f504", "input": "Question: Does daily acclimation handling affect hippocampal long-term potentiation or cause chronic sleep deprivation in mice?\nAnswer: It is possible to handle mice daily to accustom them to the researcher without causing alterations in sleep, stress, or synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. Therefore, effects of acclimation handling cannot explain the impairments in signaling mechanisms, synaptic plasticity, and memory that result from brief sleep deprivation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3614d03830de4e70b664114bdf59d444", "input": "Question: Is elevated alanine aminotransferase activity associated with dyslipidemias , but related to insulin resistance and higher disease grades in non-diabetic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?\nAnswer: This study shows that the associations of increased ALT serum levels in NAFLD patients are different from what are supposed before. By excluding diabetic patients from our population, we find that increased ALT levels are not associated with dyslipidemias but are independently associated with insulin resistance and NAFLD grading on ultrasonographic evaluations. Further studies are needed to confirm our results.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-850c55ddf4d845dc8bcf060f61a7afc9", "input": "Question: Does herpes simplex virus type 2 coinfection accelerate CD4 count decline in untreated HIV infection?\nAnswer: HSV-2 coinfection was not associated with the rate of CD4 count decline during ART-untreated HIV infection, but was associated with an earlier combined endpoint of ART initiation or CD4 <350 cells/mm(3). Attenuating effects of acyclovir on HIV disease progression observed in recent clinical trials may result from direct anti-HIV activity rather than indirect benefits from HSV-2 suppression.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dffd789ab77a4386bf50ba706fc41a01", "input": "Question: Does omitting Follow-up Food After Initial Hypoglycaemic Treatment Increase the Likelihood of Repeat Hypoglycaemia?\nAnswer: This study supports guidelines that recommend judicious, rather than routine use of follow-up longer-acting carbohydrate PPHE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5504d74115fb41dfa1b64205da267b9a", "input": "Question: Does adherence to migraine treatment depend on the number of prescribed medications?\nAnswer: There is no difference in adherence to monotherapy or politherapy (one to four drugs) for the prophylaxis of migraine.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6c0c1a3aeaaa47c580828ea6a39ada70", "input": "Question: Does anosmia impair the anxiolytic-like effect of lavender essential oil inhalation in mice?\nAnswer: These results suggest that olfactory system activation is unlikely to participate in the anxiolytic-like effect of lavender essential oil inhalation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-67886ecfbcb1438daab39b85e434b7cd", "input": "Question: Is diarrhoea the only symptom that needs to be treated in patients with microscopic colitis?\nAnswer: Smoking and IBS are associated with impaired gastrointestinal symptoms and psychological well-being in MC patients. PPI is associated with impaired gastrointestinal symptoms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9ede9cb235342d390ba48e0642aaf46", "input": "Question: Are salivary biomarkers suitable for pain assessment in newborns?\nAnswer: NIPS score (behavioral assessment) and heart rate are useful stress markers in newborns. However, neither sCgA nor sAA is suitable for assessing newborn pain.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a022585e5e34b96b255194cecb0d2df", "input": "Question: Does conventional carbon dioxide application reduce cerebral or myocardial damage in open heart surgery?\nAnswer: Although mortality was lower with CO2 insufflation, no benefit could be demonstrated for markers of cardiac ischemic damage or neurocognitive outcome in this high-risk population. As CO2 concentrations in the thoracic cavity did not necessarily reach anticipated levels, our method of application is in question.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9277c2135494d518445634512cb6183", "input": "Question: Is serum creatine kinase a reliable indicator of ectopic pregnancy?\nAnswer: Although the mean value of serum creatine kinase is statistically significantly higher in ectopic pregnancy relative to controls, the distribution curve for creatine kinase values for ectopics is broad, with much overlap with the control curve. Hence, the sensitivity and positive predictive value for this test is poor.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-829456bac4ac4b9b85124f706d6797d5", "input": "Question: Is ser9Gly polymorphism in the dopamine D3 receptor gene associated with essential hypertension in the Japanese?\nAnswer: The Ser9Gly polymorphism in the DRD3 gene are not associated with EH. However, our negative result does not exclude the possibility of another variant elsewhere in or near the DRD3 gene in EH.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-848b8dab0d43435fb750ef3beab7446c", "input": "Question: Does repeated ingestion of grapefruit juice alter clozapine 's steady-state plasma levels , effectiveness , and tolerability?\nAnswer: Consumption of regular-strength grapefruit juice, 250 mL b.i.d., for 14 days did not significantly impact clozapine metabolism, clinical efficacy, or tolerability. One reason is that enzymes other than CYP3A4 also mediate clozapine disposition. Also, grapefruit juice inhibits CYP3A4 in the gut, but not in the liver. The preliminary results also suggest that clozapine is unlikely to be a P-glycoprotein substrate. Further rigorous studies are necessary to reconfirm these findings.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e62da03d9b9d450d91b745637ac854ac", "input": "Question: Does the experimental neuroprotectant leukaemia inhibitory factor ( LIF ) compromise antitumour activity of paclitaxel , cisplatin and carboplatin?\nAnswer: These results suggest that LIF may be safely used in human trials as a neuroprotectant for patients receiving cisplatin, paclitaxel and carboplatin without concern for impairment of antitumour effect.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4969a1f28f8421ebb54a3af980f8b94", "input": "Question: Does chitosan supplementation affect fat absorption in healthy males fed a high-fat diet , a pilot study?\nAnswer: Consumption of this chitosan supplement did not increase fecal fat content and therefore did not block fat absorption.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-22e85456c67b4179b1a8143ec4bfd7ce", "input": "Question: Is the negative ERG synonymous with nightblindness?\nAnswer: None of these disorders are progressive or a result of abnormal photoreceptor phototransduction. We suggest that they each represent a signal transmission error at the photoreceptor to depolarizing bipolar cell synapse that affects both rod and cone output. We propose that vision is spared in the latter 2 conditions because of timing errors in transmission as opposed to a complete signaling block, as seen in cCSNB.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eb389dabf2db4ecdb80a5d66fb02e26e", "input": "Question: Are parvovirus B19 and parvovirus V9 associated with Henoch-Sch\u00f6nlein purpura in children?\nAnswer: Although causality is difficult to construe in single cases, the data indicate that B19 is not a common contributing factor in the pathogenesis of vasculitis and that this pathogen is only rarely associated temporally with HSP or vasculitic diseases in children.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9505745681b545e8b339cc7e6e136a5e", "input": "Question: Do bile duct crystals contribute to sphincter of Oddi dysfunction?\nAnswer: Bile duct crystals occur infrequently in patients with symptoms after cholecystectomy and are found in patients with normal and abnormal biliary sphincter manometry. This study suggests that the presence of bile duct crystals, or microlithiasis, does not play a role in sphincter of Oddi dysfunction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ee9956d53d9445a952139d0346df482", "input": "Question: Does xenon impair the responsiveness of cardiac muscle bundles to positive inotropic and chronotropic stimulation?\nAnswer: Xenon does not alter myocardial contractility and the response to inotropic stimuli such as calcium, isoproterenol, or increase in pacing frequency in isolated guinea pig ventricular muscle bundles.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3010c946f024d128edfa85aa82ec782", "input": "Question: Is a corpus luteum a prerequisite for the expression of progesterone induced blocking factor by T-lymphocytes a week after implantation?\nAnswer: These data corroborate previous conclusions that PIBF is detected in a minority of women in the late luteal phase. A corpus luteum is not required for its expression.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b87357e107fd4641866ad2451c8646eb", "input": "Question: Are flexion and extension views cost-effective in a cervical spine clearance protocol for obtunded trauma patients?\nAnswer: Flexion-extension studies were not a cost-effective part of the protocol, and they were dropped.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-de429566d0024cabbfeb10f3a412c5ae", "input": "Question: Does triacylglycerol infusion improve hyperlactemia in resting patients with mitochondrial myopathy due to complex I deficiency?\nAnswer: We conclude that triacylglycerol infusion, relative to glucose infusion, does not improve the oxidation of substrates or the energy state of skeletal muscle and does not lower the rates of appearance and concentrations of plasma lactate to normal values in CID patients at rest.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-abef0743f1bb4601add5831f41a7f07c", "input": "Question: Does extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in patients with distal ureteral calculi influence the prostate specific antigen value?\nAnswer: Treatment of distal ureteral calculi with SWL does not affect the serum PSA concentration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6093a64337fa4660aefac9bb82d2b818", "input": "Question: Does in vivo treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor delay apoptosis in human neutrophils by increasing the expression of the vacuolar proton ATPase?\nAnswer: In vivo G-CSF does not increase the amount of v-ATPase in neutrophils. Although G-CSF in vivo delays apoptosis, the mechanism(s) by which this occurs is not known.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9af7e5bde3b4b4a973e379389c242e3", "input": "Question: Are mercury-reactive lymphocytes in peripheral blood a marker for dental amalgam associated disease?\nAnswer: The incidence and quantity of mercury-reactive lymphocytes in the blood are not pathogenic markers of illness associated with dental metal amalgams, but may rather reflect exposure to mercury. The clinical relevance of the decreased in vitro lymphocyte responses in the patient group needs further investigation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9f6d33a94725495c990cb820fc659d4f", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of nitric oxide synthase influence urinary nitrite plus nitrate excretion after renal ischemic injury?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that renal excretion of NO derivatives is not influenced by NO production during renal I/R injury, although NO contributes to the tubular transport capacity in the ischemia/reperfused kidney.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d04d317cd0f404982c203d3c26f3747", "input": "Question: Are factors associated with HIV infection the same for all women?\nAnswer: Factors vary in importance and significance of association with HIV infection in different subpopulations of women resident in Great Britain. This diversity is also likely to occur in other populations. It is important to identify these differences between subpopulations. Prevention and control policies and activities for HIV/AIDS cannot treat all women as if they were the same.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d405a620720b4bf38b1637d67cf69344", "input": "Question: Does obesity portend a bad outcome for kidney transplant recipients?\nAnswer: Obese transplant recipients have similar outcomes to nonobese patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd1b56a1da0145899f90fb4f8097804b", "input": "Question: Does late gestational intrauterine myelomeningocele repair improve lower extremity function?\nAnswer: Although the current timing of intrauterine myelomeningocele repair has been found to lessen the degree of herniation of the rhombencephalon and reduce the incidence of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus, it does not statistically improve LEF. Parents should be advised of these findings prior to surgical intervention so as to focus their expectations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3530192493584ffca439d5472e703632", "input": "Question: Does short-term administration of ethanol affect functional recovery from myocardial stunning in awake dogs?\nAnswer: In contrast to previous experiments in anesthetized dogs, short-term administration of ethanol does not alter myocardial stunning in conscious dogs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-83fcaa9e5c7e4524ab7c898ec241d7b3", "input": "Question: Does transthoracic echocardiography improve prediction of outcome over APACHE II in medical-surgical intensive care?\nAnswer: Statistical models utilizing clinical variables are predictive of mortality in MSICU. Models that include diagnostic transthoracic echocardiography variables do not provide incremental value to predict ICU mortality. These findings may have implications for non-invasive hemodynamic assessment of critically ill patients, and raise the hypothesis that echocardiography-guided interventions may not alter outcome in ICU.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-833f834a4e4f4baa83881ac155d10154", "input": "Question: Does general anesthesia impair simulator driving skills in volunteers in the immediate recovery period - a pilot study?\nAnswer: Certain driving skills return by two hours after one half hour of GA of propofol, desflurane, and fentanyl in a group of young volunteers.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b9d8d221b7e487aa5168b427c3082a4", "input": "Question: Is bile acid malabsorption or disturbed intestinal permeability in patients treated with enzyme substitution for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency caused by bacterial overgrowth?\nAnswer: Bile acid absorption and small intestinal permeability might be affected in patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency who receive treatment with enzyme supplementation. The prevalence of bacterial overgrowth seems to be low among these patients and does not explain the findings.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-efe08caf3eaf479b88a1b081a5bee8d2", "input": "Question: Is the verdict in yet . Analysis of the randomized trials of high-dose chemotherapy for breast cancer?\nAnswer: The role of HDC for HRPBC or MBC patients remains undefined. Longer follow-up and mature analyses of the randomized trials are necessary before definitive conclusions are drawn. In the meantime, it is imperative that research continues, to enhance the efficacy of the procedure through innovative strategies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-99d3381c337e406fbda7754a16552792", "input": "Question: Is variation in the DCP1 gene , encoding the angiotensin converting enzyme ACE , associated with increased susceptibility to Alzheimer 's disease?\nAnswer: Further research is needed to elucidate any role that the DCP1 polymorphism may play in relation to Alzheimer's disease. Previous studies may be false positive, or inconsistency in replication may be due to heterogeneity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5185d3067c94171a577cca43348db04", "input": "Question: Is development of rheumatoid arthritis associated with two polymorphisms in the Crohn 's disease gene CARD15?\nAnswer: Within defined statistical parameters, we excluded a role for the CARD15 1007fs and R702W variants in RA susceptibility. These data do not preclude a role for other polymorphisms in the CARD15 gene in RA susceptibility. Results from other autoimmune and inflammatory diseases will reveal whether the CARD15 gene is in fact a common autoimmune susceptibility locus.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-de55174befeb436eb37722a289c4afc6", "input": "Question: Is gentamicin-induced hair cell death dependent on the apoptosis receptor Fas?\nAnswer: The gentamicin-mediated hair cell death is not dependent on a functional Fas receptor.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9d14190206e4bf7a812dc35b0fe3f57", "input": "Question: Is extrapolation of reciprocal creatinine plot reliable in predicting the onset of dialysis in patients with progressive renal insufficiency?\nAnswer: The onset of dialysis cannot be predicted by extrapolation of the reciprocal creatinine plot because of individual variation in the renal function that require dialysis. Dialysis would be almost imminent in some patients by the time serum creatinine reaches a level that allows accurate construction and extrapolation of a plot.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9c039108e6d24fc9bb028286aa0b7ead", "input": "Question: Are ethnic variations in uterine leiomyoma biology caused by differences in myometrial estrogen receptor alpha levels?\nAnswer: Neither on a transcriptional nor on a protein level were there statistically relevant differences in steroid hormone receptor levels. A causative role for these receptors in the ethnic variation of leiomyoma biology seems unlikely.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3994991b731840b2ac91a009d7b4c360", "input": "Question: Does the skin vasoconstrictor assay correlate significantly to airway or systemic responsiveness to inhaled budesonide in asthmatic patients?\nAnswer: It may not be possible to use the McKenzie vasoconstrictor assay to predict which patients are most or least susceptible to inhaled corticosteroids for anti-asthmatic efficacy or systemic adverse effects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dc44017691bf4713a7cb837a25225b05", "input": "Question: Does bronchodilator premedication decrease respiratory adverse events in pediatric general anesthesia?\nAnswer: Adverse events were neither predicted nor prevented. In afebrile outpatient ASA I and II children with no lung disease or findings, having non-cavitary, non-airway surgery for under three hours, there was no association between either recent URI or active URI and desaturation, wheeze, cough, stridor, or laryngospasm causing desaturation (all P > 0.05). In this highly selected population of afebrile patients, the results suggest that anesthesiologists may proceed with surgery using specific criteria in the presence of a URI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f96d27573028474fb97b8c4400fcdc91", "input": "Question: Does adjunctive analgesia with intravenous propacetamol reduce morphine-related adverse effects?\nAnswer: Although propacetamol induced a small morphine-sparing effect, it did not change the incidence of morphine-related adverse effects in the postoperative period. Moreover, no benefit could be demonstrated in patients with severe postoperative pain.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dfbba7a434f04969bd0f70f98db1ab7d", "input": "Question: Does eMS provider level impact use of air medical transport?\nAnswer: The change in EMS provider level from EMT-I to paramedic in this semirural area had no impact on the number of air medical transports. The acuity of patients flown after the change in EMS provider level remained similar based on common hemodynamic and injury severity markers.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-282e90bf359f4bbfa35bc074fd931943", "input": "Question: Does liberal use of computed tomography scanning improve diagnostic accuracy in appendicitis?\nAnswer: The use of preoperative abdominal CT scanning has not improved the accuracy of the diagnosis of appendicitis at our institution. It has resulted in a significant increase in Emergency Department preoperative length of stay and the finding of a normal appendix at surgery. As nonsurgeons ordered the majority of preoperative CT scans, earlier input by surgeons might increase the rate of accurate clinical diagnosis and decrease the number of CT scans ordered.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c249342d3944822bb212e200e539daf", "input": "Question: Does mild to moderate chronic airways disease carry an excess risk of cognitive dysfunction?\nAnswer: Non-hypoxemic COPD did not increase the risk of subclinical cognitive dysfunction in an older population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e05e2cbbfa58423b98923f512470546b", "input": "Question: Is tertiary peritonitis ( recurrent diffuse or localized disease ) an independent predictor of mortality in surgical patients with intraabdominal infection?\nAnswer: We were unable to demonstrate, when compared to secondary peritonitis, that tertiary peritonitis is a significant independent predictor of mortality when other variables are taken into account. This suggests that the high mortality associated with tertiary peritonitis is more a function of the patient population in which it occurs than the severity of the pathologic process itself.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e99884d09be4d159b7121dbcaaa04d6", "input": "Question: Does off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting decrease the incidence of atrial fibrillation?\nAnswer: Avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass did not aid the reduction of atrial fibrillation at our institution.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-18545454885c418ba27e445e2404ee7b", "input": "Question: Are conventional pattern-reversal VEPs equivalent to summed multifocal VEPs?\nAnswer: Full-field cVEPs cannot be simply related to the sum of mfVEPs when each are recorded under their typical conditions. The stimulation rate has the largest influence on the differences between the two response types. The findings suggest that contributions from extrastriate sources are greater with the cVEP paradigm or the slowed mfVEP sequence than with the standard mfVEP paradigm.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d95dadd2506f4d69a6116926bbe025b5", "input": "Question: Does raloxifene influence flow-mediated endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatation of osteopenic postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: Prolonged administration of raloxifene does not influence endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatation of osteopenic but otherwise healthy postmenopausal women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-16f341a16cb142e69233b0ea47ffbc8c", "input": "Question: Does the use of computed tomography for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children influence the overall rate of negative appendectomy or perforation?\nAnswer: The use of CT for the diagnosis of appendicitis in children does not change the negative appendectomy rate. Results of studies performed in adults may not be extrapolated to the evaluation of children with suspected acute appendicitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed7be0f276d449a9879273cd1e615c00", "input": "Question: Are plasma serotonin and histamine levels in hemodialysis-related pruritus significantly influenced by 5-HT3 receptor blocker and antihistaminic therapy?\nAnswer: Histamine and serotonin are no major mediators of pruritus in hemodialysis patients. Elevated histamine levels are occassionally seen and may be due to the increased mast cell number found in a subgroup of hemodialysis patients. Our findings explain the only marginal relief of antihistamines and the controversial antipruritic effect of serotonin receptor antagonists in hemodialysis-related pruritus.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-87b14474301c4767afbb51b67a27b22c", "input": "Question: Are herpes simplex virus , cytomegalovirus , and papillomavirus DNA found in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome undergoing radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer?\nAnswer: A viral etiology could not be demonstrated in CPPS. In addition, no association of the viruses with prostate cancer could be found.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4dc97fe3240e4c888d0cd4725d9210c3", "input": "Question: Do visual analog pain scores define desire for analgesia in patients with acute pain?\nAnswer: The visual analog scale cannot adequately discriminate between those patients who do and do not desire analgesia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc49d6400f054e58981845385e01f6bf", "input": "Question: Is the WFS1 ( Wolfram syndrome 1 ) a major susceptibility gene for the development of psychiatric disorders?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that WFS1 is not a major susceptibility gene for the development of psychiatric disorders in our population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac304fcac5984b18986da60c547908cf", "input": "Question: Is duration of employment a predictor of disability of cleaners : a longitudinal study?\nAnswer: The cleaning occupation has high disability rates compared with other unskilled occupations. A contribution factor to these high rates is a selection of women with poor health into the occupation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c31b4961db34ec0986efe9ecd6aad09", "input": "Question: Does inclusion of turnover time influence identification of surgical services that over- and underutilize allocated block time?\nAnswer: Turnover time is difficult to determine from existing operating room information systems. This study determined the use of block time with and without turnover time for each surgical service in a large academic hospital. Turnover time did not change identification of surgical services that over- (one service) or underused (three services) allocated block time.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-27fb287dd1274894ac0dc9f343aa6baa", "input": "Question: Do empirical aminoglycosides for peritonitis affect residual renal function?\nAnswer: In our patients, there was no evidence of an accelerated decline in RRF when using an empirical regimen containing aminoglycosides for peritonitis. Because there are few data to contradict this finding, we recommend the continued use of these drugs in peritonitis regimens, even in patients with significant RRF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-94312fab726e48d884f7247f9126500d", "input": "Question: Does warm ischemia time correlate with recipient graft function in laparoscopic donor nephrectomy?\nAnswer: Warm ischemia time does not correlate with recipient graft function in LDN within the range of times studied. Shorter warm ischemia time associated with open donor nephrectomy and hand-assisted LDN does not necessarily offer a measurable advantage in recipient graft function. During extraction of the kidney, expediency to minimize warm ischemia time should not supersede controlled and safe maneuvers in renal vessel division and extraction of the kidney.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e70f87d895e46a19d4e0f541c5ea33e", "input": "Question: Is acid inhibitory potency of twice a day omeprazole affected by eradication of Helicobacter pylori in healthy volunteers?\nAnswer: Eradication of H. pylori was not associated with an alteration in the acid inhibitory potency when comparing the difference in gastric acidity 'with' versus 'without' omeprazole. When the results were expressed by simply taking into account the acid measurements while on omeprazole before versus after eradication of H. pylori, the acid inhibition with omeprazole was greater in the presence than in the absence of a H. pylori infection. The clinical significance of the small difference is not clear.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae8f0677488a4e9391f37c427abbb219", "input": "Question: Is previous wide local excision of primary melanoma a contraindication for sentinel lymph node biopsy of the trunk and extremity?\nAnswer: SLNB is feasible in patients with previous WLE for extremity and truncal melanoma. Similar rates of sentinel positivity are found when compared with those in whom their WLE was done concurrently.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b28a6d6feed4a469a7cc4af53c3c571", "input": "Question: Are tGF-betaRII , BAX , IGFIIR , caspase-5 , hMSH3 and hMSH6 alterations associated with microsatellite instability or p53 mutations in invasive urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder?\nAnswer: We conclude that alterations of the examined target genes of MSI are rare in urinary bladder carcinoma and they are not associated with microsatellite instability or the presence of p53 mutations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-65bf5303806b4780b2ba10f0c347ffe9", "input": "Question: Is fixation of the access-port required in gastric banding?\nAnswer: This study shows non-fixation of the access-port to be safe and effective with good patient acceptability. In addition, it avoids the need for regular X-ray localization of the port.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-005554841d5246359b9037e457b2d6c6", "input": "Question: Does increased probiotic yogurt or resistant starch intake affect isoflavone bioavailability in subjects consuming a high soy diet?\nAnswer: The weak or absence of effects of probiotic yogurt or resistant starch supplement to a chronic soy diet suggests that gut microflora were not modified in a manner that significantly affected isoflavone bioavailability or metabolism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2910348c099b4c87a08033891573a1cb", "input": "Question: Is aortic vasoconstriction related to smooth muscle cells ET-A and ET-B receptors involved in hypoxia-induced sustained systemic arterial hypertension in rats?\nAnswer: This work clearly suggests that, following long term exposure to hypoxia, ET-1 and ET-1 receptors are not involved in the persistence of systemic hypertension in a rat model, and that chronic exposure to severe hypoxic stress was associated with a downregulation of the ET-A receptors response to ET-1.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-77b60d98db844f8a9e33834844217aa1", "input": "Question: Is hyperaemic microvascular resistance increased in viable myocardium after chronic myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: To determine MR, distal coronary pressure measurements should be used. Hyperaemic MR in viable myocardium within the infarcted area is not higher when compared with the reference area. This supports the application of the established fractional flow reserve cut-off value in the setting of chronic MI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d628481dff9e4db88c64ef838f223283", "input": "Question: Does symptom resolution predict healing of erosive oesophagitis in Chinese?\nAnswer: Our results suggested that 8 weeks of lower dose PPI is not sufficient for oesophagitis healing. Symptom resolution with PPI does not predict oesophagitis healing in Chinese.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0669b8ee49d845b5ab9a9a9e913f2102", "input": "Question: Are migraine headaches associated with a unique depressive symptom profile : results from the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study?\nAnswer: These results suggest that individuals with migraine headaches are more likely to report depressive symptoms but do not display a unique profile of symptoms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8c044f0cc1c6422c803ab47a1f17fb88", "input": "Question: Is combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation superior to calcium supplementation alone in improving disturbed bone metabolism in patients with congestive heart failure?\nAnswer: A vitamin D3 supplement of 50 microg/day has no additional beneficial effects on markers of bone metabolism in CHF patients with low initial 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations if an adequate daily calcium intake is guaranteed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-faac37ca54434a6aa7a0fbc5cd1c1216", "input": "Question: Are [ Viral infection of herpes simplex , Epstein-Barr , varicela zoster , human papilloma , cytomegalovirus , or adenovirus related to sinonasal adenocarcinomas ]?\nAnswer: Viral infections do not seem to play a role in the etiology of ACN.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f82881398654481e913b6244ee3f778c", "input": "Question: Are inflammatory biomarkers predictive of intermediate-term risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in stable CHF patients?\nAnswer: No correlation was found between plasma levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, hsCRP and BNP and ventricular arrhythmic events among stable HF patients during an intermediate term follow-up of 5.1 months. Further studies are still required to assess the association between these biomarkers and long-term risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b88df835be364d23a168dd98423a76c8", "input": "Question: Does normalization of abnormal T-waves during stress testing identify patients with reversible perfusion defects?\nAnswer: T-wave normalization during stress testing has low sensitivity and poor positive predictive value for stress-induced reversible myocardial ischemia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5555277ff24f4c4192883d8c76d0a417", "input": "Question: Is serum Reg-Ialpha suitable marker of metabolic syndrome?\nAnswer: Our study, for the first time, indicates that serum Reg-1alpha is not useful for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (Tab. 3, Ref. 7).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e9b7b89e579421dbbacf48e39bc82d5", "input": "Question: Does intrathecal baclofen inhibit the growth of different bacterial species and Candida albicans?\nAnswer: Because the viability of the investigated organisms was not reduced over that of microbial suspensions exposed to physiologic saline, we conclude that intrathecal baclofen has no measurable activity against different bacterial species and C albicans.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d194642aee847c4a46f8bde615eb6f4", "input": "Question: Is the presence of Down syndrome a risk factor in complete atrioventricular septal defect repair?\nAnswer: The presence of Down syndrome in patients with complete atrioventricular septal defect is not a risk factor for surgical repair. Because of the early development of pulmonary vascular disease, primary repair should be performed within the first 6 months of life. In the long term, reintervention on the left atrioventricular valve is more often required in children with a normal chromosomal pattern.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b51aeef94724d18b9cecf60222216f9", "input": "Question: Are low TSH levels associated with osteoporosis in childhood?\nAnswer: In childhood, chronic extremely low TSH levels, in the face of normal thyroid hormone levels, are not related to bone loss.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0a42e02061f0426a91724f787242a952", "input": "Question: Is [ Regression in primary cutaneous melanoma predictive for sentinel lymph node micrometastasis ]?\nAnswer: These data suggest that regression in primary cutaneous melanoma is not predictive for lymph node metastasis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-90ed23948a8e4724accb7672ede2bf5c", "input": "Question: Is successful mitigation of delayed intestinal radiation injury using pravastatin associated with acute injury improvement or tumor protection?\nAnswer: Pravastatin provides effective protection against delayed radiation enteropathy without interfering with the primary antitumor action of radiotherapy, suggesting that clinical transfer is feasible.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-01a90235597f4b5381e3e64989d9434b", "input": "Question: Is ischemia required for arteriogenesis in zebrafish embryos?\nAnswer: We conclude that NO and myeloid cell-dependent collateral vessel development is an evolutionarily ancient response to arterial occlusion and is able to proceed in the absence of ischemia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0234980883c846e082d252931ab8a2c7", "input": "Question: Do serum cetrorelix concentrations affect clinical pregnancy outcome in assisted reproduction?\nAnswer: Although a wide range of serum cetrorelix levels could be detected during a GnRH antagonist cycle, these levels were comparable in patients with and without clinical pregnancies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d694dfc26de44d278920f1a0277f33ed", "input": "Question: Does accumulation of homocysteine by decreasing concentrations of folate , vitamin B12 and B6 influence the activity of human osteoblasts in vitro?\nAnswer: Accumulation of HCY by decreasing concentrations of folate, vitamin B12 and B6 does not affect the activity of human osteoblasts. Consequently, other mechanisms have to be responsible for the reduced bone quality in hyperhomocysteinemic subjects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-26307ed23ea94525a5f2a259c2acba6e", "input": "Question: Do location and type of mutation in the LIS1 gene predict phenotypic severity?\nAnswer: In contrast to previous reports, our data suggest that neither type nor position of intragenic mutations in the LIS1 gene allows an unambiguous prediction of the phenotypic severity. Furthermore, patients presenting with mild cerebral malformations such as subcortical band heterotopia or cerebellar hypoplasia should be considered for genetic analysis of the LIS1 gene.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b56294576dc48dbaed4272a8a9a31ed", "input": "Question: Does the antero-posterior diameter of the lumbar dural sac predict sensory levels of spinal anesthesia for Cesarean delivery?\nAnswer: The lumbar DSD, as determined by ultrasound, is not a predictor of spinal anesthesia spread. Further research is necessary to understand if ultrasound findings can be used to predict intrathecal spread of local anesthetics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-22c0ca5c1a5644eb91919c19de852bcd", "input": "Question: Does human immunodeficiency type-1 virus ( HIV-1 ) infection in serodiscordant couples ( SDCs ) have an impact on embryo quality or intracytoplasmic sperm injection ( ICSI ) outcome?\nAnswer: HIV-1 infection in SDCs with infected males does not appear to have a significantly negative impact on embryo development or ICSI outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee1ab3a9c2d0419fa65e01ac3716c133", "input": "Question: Do endocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas : grading , tumor size and proliferation index predict malignant behavior?\nAnswer: The findings suggest that tumor size, tumor grade and Ki-67 index do not accurately predict malignant behavior of GIP ETs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d13c44317194c84accd498bd4791d9a", "input": "Question: Does tenofovir comedication impair the steady-state pharmacokinetics of ritonavir-boosted atazanavir in HIV-1-infected adults?\nAnswer: The coadministration of tenofovir-DF did not impair the plasma concentrations of ritonavir-boosted atazanavir in a pharmacokinetic analysis of patient pairs matched for gender, ethnicity, weight and CDC status.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c543bdb945b14550b0c9f57b5f2bf3d2", "input": "Question: Do different strategies moderate primary motor cortex involvement in mental rotation : a TMS study?\nAnswer: This finding suggests that M1 involvement is not exclusively linked with the use of the internal strategy but rather directly with the process of mental rotation. Alternatively, our results might support the hypothesis that M1 is active due to a 'spill-over' effect from adjacent brain regions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab45183beda141609da7ddb44b3771e6", "input": "Question: Is [ The electroencephalogram an adequate test to confirm the diagnosis of brain death ]?\nAnswer: This case demonstrates the limitations of the EEG for this indication and suggests that angiography should be preferred. French legislation is probably maladjusted and would benefit by incorporating guidelines of other countries like Canada. International harmonization of criteria for brain death diagnosis would also be welcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e50769cbe444be69730ec7e93ef4ccf", "input": "Question: Does aging impair the anabolic response to a protein-rich meal?\nAnswer: Despite differences in the concentration of amino acids in the plasma precursor pool, aging does not impair the ability to acutely synthesize muscle protein after ingestion of a common protein-rich food.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3aaf399dc2014277bfbfd4e1b6b1926d", "input": "Question: Is intragastric balloon-induced satiety mediated by modification in fasting or postprandial plasma ghrelin levels in morbid obesity?\nAnswer: BIB induces a temporary sense of satiety in morbidly obese patients which is not mediated by modification of fasting or postprandial levels of plasma ghrelin.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-60c59e753b4145aaa0d5b574a3f812ec", "input": "Question: Does lobular neoplasia diagnosed at core biopsy mandate surgical excision?\nAnswer: Based on the reviewed literature, it is difficult to reach a firm evidence-based conclusion regarding optimal management of LIN diagnosed at CNB. Associated high-risk lesions increase the risk of upgrade, but there are no mammographic predictors. The available retrospective literature suggests that some cases of LIN are associated with higher-risk lesions identified on surgical excision but does not support routine excision for all patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1da28e71d7bb494ebf09b6fed8064914", "input": "Question: Do [ Meteorological variables explain the North-South gradient in mortality from multiple sclerosis in Spain ]?\nAnswer: The North-South gradient in MS mortality in Spain cannot be fully explained by weather differences. Therefore, other hypotheses are required to explain this association.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d7e1a315d0d4a3eb664a75d211e082a", "input": "Question: Are her2 and progesterone receptor status predictive of response to fulvestrant treatment?\nAnswer: Response rate and time to progression are shown to be independent of Her2 status, grading, and progesterone receptor status. This is probably caused by the unique mechanism of action associated with fulvestrant: Due to receptor down-regulation, it blocks nuclear, cytoplasmatic, and membrane-bound estrogen receptor. Therefore, it seems to inhibit the cross-talk between growth factor receptor signaling and estrogen receptor in a more effective manner.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-988723e3a3294e5796f227b5873467f0", "input": "Question: Does the type of embolic protection influence the outcome in carotid artery stenting?\nAnswer: The use of EPDs is associated with a low risk of procedural adverse events. We were unable to detect significant differences in risks of procedural adverse events between different devices or types of devices. We speculate that the observed differences seen at 30 days are largely attributable to differences in stent-type used.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-68d3ee31c1154bb6857f8def7f69cb65", "input": "Question: Is intra-abdominal hypertension reliable as an early predictor of mortality in the intensive care unit?\nAnswer: Intra-abdominal pressure does not have prognostic value at ICU admission, but may predict bad outcomes later during the ICU stay. Intra-abdominal hypertension is a frequent and rarely recognized event in the ICU which can be monitored by the bladder pressure method throughout the period of hospitalization.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d3fb01c5d7d47538f9b9dfd72e7e0d6", "input": "Question: Does abatacept treatment exacerbate chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice?\nAnswer: Abatacept did not impair the ability of mice to control a chronic M tuberculosis infection. In contrast, mice treated with anti-TNF therapy showed increased pathology and bacterial load, with 100% mortality by week 9. The clinical significance of these findings has not yet been determined.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b39c14b28d34ddb9e8c95e11eea3868", "input": "Question: Is surfactant maturation delayed in human fetuses with diaphragmatic hernia?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that CDH does not impair surfactant storage in human fetuses. CDH lungs exhibited no trend toward a decrease in contents, or a delay in developmental changes for any of the studied surfactant components and surfactant maturation factors. Surfactant amounts are likely to be appropriate to lung size. These findings therefore do not support the use of surfactant therapy for infants with CDH. Moreover, they raise the question of the relevance of CDH animal models to explore lung biochemical maturity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1493cd2ea8804569874074eb0e848092", "input": "Question: Does oral contraceptive use by teenage women affect peak bone mass : a longitudinal study?\nAnswer: Oral contraceptive pill use by healthy, white, teenage females does not affect acquisition of peak bone mass.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b9090699b15d470b9c403fa44639d61d", "input": "Question: Does pretreatment with ranitidine reduce the bioavailability of orally administered topotecan?\nAnswer: Administration of ranitidine prior to oral topotecan resulted in a similar extent of absorption. A slightly faster rate of absorption of topotecan was also observed, which is unlikely to be of clinical significance. Dosage adjustments of orally administered topotecan should not be necessary in patients who are pretreated with ranitidine, an H2 antagonist, or another agent that comparably raises gastric pH.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4fa56117e96f406283b652a70f534f5a", "input": "Question: Does the Pstl polymorphism of the endotoxin-inducible heat-shock protein 70-2 gene affect messenger RNA level in human whole-blood cultures?\nAnswer: The PstI polymorphism of the endotoxin-inducible HSP70-2 gene is not associated with variable HSP70-2 mRNA expression ex vivo. This finding is in accordance with the observation that HSP70-2 genotypes do not affect clinical outcome in human systemic inflammation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ec9cbc6f9e44b3da5b9c5815f0e4e47", "input": "Question: Do small concomitant vascular lesions influence rates of cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer disease?\nAnswer: This clinicopathologic correlation study suggests that concomitant small cerebral infarcts with a total volume of less than 10 cm(3) do not significantly influence the overall rate of global cognitive decline in patients with AD. Arch Neurol. 2000;57:1474-1479", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ba786ae2199e4d49926ceb9354413210", "input": "Question: Does semen treatment with progesterone and/or acetyl-L-carnitine improve sperm motility or membrane damage after cryopreservation-thawing?\nAnswer: Neither progesterone nor acetyl-L-carnitine seemed to prevent cryodamage assessed by motility changes or membrane integrity in human spermatozoa of subfertile men. Annexin V binding, a reflection of membrane translocation of phosphatidylserine, provided more distinct information about postfreezing membrane integrity changes than eosin-Y staining.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0f426788638446638c43c8fee2dfde25", "input": "Question: Does angioplasty affect subsequent operative renal artery revascularization?\nAnswer: Although this surgical series does not address the true outcomes of renal artery angioplasty, the results suggest that renal artery angioplasty does not prejudice subsequent surgical outcomes in patients who are carefully followed after angioplasty.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b8f86e6246e4df89c7b792bbbb60fc4", "input": "Question: Does prostaglandin E ( 1 ) influence plasmatic coagulation , hepatic synthesis , or postoperative blood loss in patients after coronary-artery bypass grafting?\nAnswer: PGE1 did not prevent coagulation disturbances and blood loss when administered postoperatively in patients undergoing CABG. The absence of these expected effects might be explained by the concomitant administration of acetylsalicylic acid, whose antiaggregatory acivity seems to exceed the effects of PGE1.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c65255b91194bb28d43e80e9e938878", "input": "Question: Does periischemic cerebral blood flow ( CBF ) explain beneficial effects of isoflurane on outcome from near-complete forebrain ischemia in rats?\nAnswer: The results indicate that improved histologic-behavioral outcome provided by isoflurane anesthesia cannot be explained by differential vasodilative effects of the anesthetic states before, during, or after severe forebrain ischemia. This study also shows severe postischemic delayed hypoperfusion that was not affected by choice of anesthetic or the presence of trimethaphan. Mechanisms other than effects on periischemic CBF must be responsible for beneficial effects of isoflurane in this model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2037dd071b5743aab30299da4054e4e6", "input": "Question: Is mucosal antioxidant defense impaired in ulcerative colitis?\nAnswer: Our results show that in contrast to previous suggestions, mucosal antioxidant defense is not impaired in ulcerative colitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5c8112a6d70f43e38c9175b43605260a", "input": "Question: Does allogenicity of cryopreserved human fibroblasts : cryopreservation downregulate the allogenicity of fibroblasts making up the matrices of allografts?\nAnswer: Our study suggests that although the fibroblast cell component may be beneficial in restoring allograft function properties initially, it may render the implanted allograft more immunogenic, ultimately resulting in greater rejection and inflammatory responses by the host and, in turn, degeneration of the graft.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e527d5405524c8ebf673de993964684", "input": "Question: Is granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor responsible for residual thrombopoiesis in mpl null mice?\nAnswer: There was no additional effect seen as a result of loss of betac signaling. GM-CSF did not play a significant role in thrombopoiesis, even in combination with the absence of thrombopoietin signaling. These results highlight problems that can be encountered when studying introduced mutations in mice. They exemplify the importance of eliminating the influence of modifying genes when attributing biologic differences to specific introduced genetic alterations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b1dda3a101bf46a295c4a524ffc0a830", "input": "Question: Does long-term use of subantimicrobial dose doxycycline lead to changes in antimicrobial susceptibility?\nAnswer: Long-term SDD does not contribute to changes in antibiotic susceptibility.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e835e84bc894ccea8b4c129ee0f1643", "input": "Question: Does preoperative serum prostate specific antigen reflect biochemical failure rates after radical prostatectomy in men with large volume cancers?\nAnswer: Percent Gleason grade 4/5, cancer location in the peripheral zone, cancer volume and lymph node involvement have prognostic value in large volume prostate cancer. Cancer location in the peripheral zone and percent Gleason grade 4/5 are the most powerful predictors of biochemical failure in men whose cancer is 6 cc or greater and contained in the prostatic capsule. Preoperative serum PSA is not helpful in distinguishing biochemical failure rates in these large volume cancers whether they are organ confined or not.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a54eb88b3dd94b15b433d02bb693e286", "input": "Question: Does l-Tryptophan influence acute ventilatory response at moderate altitude?\nAnswer: L-tryptophan does not impair ventilatory adaptation to mild hypoxia at moderate altitude.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c09f0fe8c8594151b2fb543d8839fe95", "input": "Question: Are differences in the potencies of inhaled steroids reflected in the doses prescribed in primary care in New Zealand?\nAnswer: The average prescribed dose of fluticasone was 80% of that for beclomethasone, even though fluticasone is at least twice as potent as beclomethasone. Similar findings were observed when the general practitioners responded to the case histories. The high doses of fluticasone prescribed may be due to a failure to appreciate that fluticasone is twice as potent as beclomethasone and to the availability of high strength preparations of fluticasone, i.e. 250 microg per actuation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-91336769bc284f839a9914b656ce4904", "input": "Question: Does oral clonidine premedication change efficacy of simulated epidural test dose in sevoflurane-anesthetized children?\nAnswer: Epinephrine or isoproterenol is a reliable marker to detect accidental intravascular injection of a test dose with 100% sensitivity and specificity based on a new heart rate criterion in sevoflurane-anesthetized children. These data suggest that oral clonidine premedication does not alter the efficacy of a simulated epidural test dose containing epinephrine or isoproterenol.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3cc20ff5d55f4a958027433dba4e65e4", "input": "Question: Do whole mounted radical prostatectomy specimens increase detection of adverse pathological features?\nAnswer: Whole mounted sampling of the radical prostatectomy specimen does not improve detection of adverse pathological features.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b7914cf09fd4cba9f1596aa8d873665", "input": "Question: Does oesophageal pH monitoring in infants : elimination of gastric buffering modify reflux index?\nAnswer: Overall the data do not support a benefit from including periods of gastric buffering in the routine analysis of oesophageal pH monitoring data. Therefore standard oesophageal pH monitoring should be with a single electrode and should not include periods of gastric buffering.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-52989f8b3b594738913d5ad01cda7007", "input": "Question: Does a corticotropin releasing hormone receptor antagonist delay parturition in rats?\nAnswer: Antagonism of CRH receptors in rats has no effect on the length of gestational period, pup weight or number of pups per litter. Further studies are needed to define the role of CRH and its antagonism in primate pregnancy, as has been done in sheep.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bcee53a9366d419095f1ddd094ae3d5e", "input": "Question: Is excellent coronary perfusion pressure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation good enough to ensure long-term survival with good neurologic outcome : a porcine case report?\nAnswer: Although excellent coronary perfusion pressure renders a return of spontaneous circulation more likely, complications such as acute respiratory injury in the post-resuscitation phase have to be managed carefully in order to ensure good neurological recovery from cardiac arrest.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bdfd665fb0f848fdb4a5a980ac4d0493", "input": "Question: Does availability of content information improve performance on computerized case simulations?\nAnswer: The data demonstrate no evidence that prior knowledge of content area influences the scores of successive classes on computerized models of performance assessment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-083e556d8e9d48d48332e52d784f603c", "input": "Question: Are thyroid stimulating hormone levels in cord blood influenced by non-thyroidal mothers ' diseases?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that primary TSH screening programs using cord blood are not affected by maternal diseases. We suggest that, besides its technical advantages over heel punctures with T4 primary approaches, neonatal screening using primary cord blood TSH may also be used as a monitoring tool for evaluation and control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f137d2be06484f718a4953a524c85389", "input": "Question: Do lymph node micrometastases predict relapse in stage II colon cancer?\nAnswer: Micrometastases to histologically uninvolved mesenteric lymph nodes commonly are detected in patients with pT3 or pT4 colonic adenocarcinomas on recuts stained immunohistochemically for keratin. Nodal micrometastases detected by immunohistochemical staining are not useful for identifying stage II patients at higher risk for relapse.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f95e8a0260ac40c9bdeeaabf10da5bc0", "input": "Question: Does uterine artery impedance to blood flow on the day of embryo transfer predict obstetric outcome?\nAnswer: Uterine artery PI and RI on the day of embryo transfer were unrelated to the risk of the pregnancy ending in spontaneous abortion or ectopic pregnancy. These values were of no value in the prediction of IUGR, PIH or preterm birth.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b15718bfd16463f9c9c99f787801cf2", "input": "Question: Is gene transfer in vitro and in vivo by cationic lipids significantly affected by levels of supercoiling of a reporter plasmid?\nAnswer: In considering a specification for the amount of supercoiled plasmid in a gene therapy product, it must be noted that the relaxed forms of the plasmid are no less efficient at gene delivery than the supercoiled forms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-de61344b023c41c18ad40449ac479143", "input": "Question: Is histopathologic evidence that sacroiliitis in ankylosing spondylitis merely enthesitis?\nAnswer: In the sacroiliitis of AS, two findings predominate: 1) synovitis and subchondral bone marrow changes offer a more rational explanation for widespread joint destruction than does enthesitis; and 2) an unusual form of chondroid metaplasia contributes to ankylosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e0529ad8803045d88b53ec875fc96e4c", "input": "Question: Does reversal of repolarization gradient reverse the chirality of shock-induced reentry in the rabbit heart?\nAnswer: Virtual electrode-induced phase singularity mechanism underlies internal shock-induced arrhythmia in this model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2eaf87aafbda4da396e30ce2650a7cb4", "input": "Question: Does early childhood heart rate predict externalizing behavior problems at age 7 years?\nAnswer: In this sample, heart rate does not predict externalizing behavior at age 7.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c70b59eba09e4642b0548efa67f8aa87", "input": "Question: Does the 825C/T polymorphism of the G-protein subunit beta3 influence blood pressure and renal function in kidney transplant recipients?\nAnswer: The T allele of Gbeta3 does not have a negative impact on BP and early renal function in recipients of a renal allograft. The T allele might play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic glomerulonephritides.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c86dec79419648cdb3f90cd9390175c1", "input": "Question: Does increasing age affect time to appropriate therapy in primary prevention ICD/CRT-D : a competing risks analysis?\nAnswer: Age has no impact on the time to appropriate therapy, but risk of death prior to therapy increases by 6% for every year increment. As the ICD population ages, the proportion who die without receiving appropriate therapy increases due to competing risks. Characterizing competing risks predictive of death independent of ICD indication would focus therapy on those with potential to benefit and reduce unnecessary exposure to ICD-related morbidity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f86496275c144d0fa7f846fe6227468f", "input": "Question: Does prior renovascular hypertension predispose to atherosclerosis in mice?\nAnswer: Renovascular hypertension in mice does not induce pro-atherogenic changes that persist beyond the hypertensive phase. These results indicate that hypertension only promotes atherogenesis when coinciding temporally with hypercholesterolemia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e1ffa600f6d3484baf08f08c11ed3622", "input": "Question: Is cYP1A1 3801T > C polymorphism implicated in altered xenobiotic metabolism associated with variations in sperm production and function as measured by total motile sperm and fertilization rates with intracytoplasmic sperm injection?\nAnswer: Allele frequency of the 3801T>C polymorphism does not correlate with semen production as determined by TMS counts or sperm function as determined by fertilization rates with ICSI. The use of neither semen analysis parameters nor fertilization rates with ICSI helps identify CYP1A1 polymorphism carriers.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-65888cc9656848d5a25faae65d2ee17a", "input": "Question: Does alirocumab , a Therapeutic Human Antibody to PCSK9 , Affect CD81 Levels or Hepatitis C Virus Entry and Replication into Hepatocytes?\nAnswer: These results suggest that inhibition of PCSK9 with alirocumab has no effect on CD81 and does not result in increased susceptibility to HCV entry.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f8d2fea762d94fe0af1ae5a829c5ea4d", "input": "Question: Do pre-operative stroke and neurological disability independently affect short- and long-term mortality in infective endocarditis patients?\nAnswer: Pre-operative stroke and the severity of neurological disability do not independently affect short- and long-term mortality in patients with infective endocarditis. It appears that patients with pre-operative stroke present with a generally higher risk profile. This information may substantially affect decision-making.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a84ab703f274faba2533a145f898853", "input": "Question: Does wRN Promoter CpG Island Hypermethylation Predict More Favorable Outcomes for Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated with Irinotecan-Based Therapy?\nAnswer: WRN expression is largely independent of WRN promoter hypermethylation in colorectal cancer. Moreover, we could not validate the previous finding that WRN promoter hypermethylation predicts improved clinical outcomes of mCRC treated with irinotecan-based therapy and found instead the opposite result. Clin Cancer Res; 22(18); 4612-22. \u00a92016 AACR.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2efc4b84b00f4d9fbba89546e3ef59a6", "input": "Question: Are anatomical landmarks of the distal femoral condyles always parallel to the tibial bone cut surface in flexion during total knee arthroplasty?\nAnswer: The anatomical landmarks of the distal femoral condyles are not always parallel to the tibial bone cut surface in flexion. To create a rectangular flexion joint gap, the rotation of the femoral component rotation is based not only on the anatomical landmarks but also on the ligament balance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-76b52fbe898949d383a65f8ffa36732c", "input": "Question: Does patient Priority Weighting of the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire Change Results of the Lumbar Epidural Steroid Injections for Spinal Stenosis Trial?\nAnswer: Results of the LESS trial did not substantively differ based on re-analysis of data using RDQ with SIP weights or patient-prioritized RDQ outcomes. This provides additional evidence that epidural injection of corticosteroid+lidocaine offered minimal or no short-term benefit as compared with epidural injection of lidocaine-alone for older adults with lumbar spinal stenosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e313bb78f77452b90459afc972c5063", "input": "Question: Does vorapaxar , an oral PAR-1 receptor antagonist , affect the pharmacokinetics of rosiglitazone?\nAnswer: Coadministration of vorapaxar with rosiglitazone or drugs metabolized via CYP2C8 is unlikely to cause a significant pharmacokinetic interaction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3dd488f65d114a7f877cfef650fe2aca", "input": "Question: Is in children allergic to ragweed pollen , nasal inflammation influenced by monosensitization or polysensitization?\nAnswer: These findings show that the degree of nasal inflammation found in children with ragweed-induced AR is not influenced by additional allergy to grass pollen and confirm the previously reported absence of priming effect in ragweed allergy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3a1b953e2e747e78f1241b56a6db5cb", "input": "Question: Is fasting routinely required for determination of a lipid profile : clinical and laboratory implications including flagging at desirable concentration cut-points-a joint consensus statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society and European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine?\nAnswer: We recommend that non-fasting blood samples be routinely used for the assessment of plasma lipid profiles. Laboratory reports should flag abnormal values on the basis of desirable concentration cut-points. Non-fasting and fasting measurements should be complementary but not mutually exclusive.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca313d6b8fab4d39a72cd22a60e817c4", "input": "Question: Is intraoperative Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Infant Heart Transplant Patients Associated with Worsened Outcomes?\nAnswer: In contrast to a prior report, we found no correlation between intraoperative RBC transfusion and postoperative LOS when studying only infants. Infants have maturing organ systems, less physiologic reserve, and increased surgical blood loss (evaluated as mL/kg) during cardiac surgery than their larger, older counterparts, distinguishing them from the general pediatric population. These differences require additional studies to determine the outcome impact of transfusion strategies in the infant subgroup.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7955567b5a3c4a7c9c96167aaa7e8e10", "input": "Question: Does radioiodine Therapy Change the Atherosclerotic Burden of the Carotid Arteries?\nAnswer: No early changes in CIMT were detected in patients treated with radioactive iodine for benign thyroid disease. No signs of late effects of radioactive iodine on CIMT or plaque presence were found after 10 years of follow-up. The radiation to the carotid arteries by radioactive iodine therapy for benign thyroid disease may therefore have no or low effect on atherosclerotic burden of the carotid arteries in general.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-48552abbfef04574be023af97f2bc412", "input": "Question: Does tlr2 deficiency limit the development of left ventricular hypertrophy in a model of transverse aortic constriction induced pressure overload?\nAnswer: These data suggest that Tlr2 deficiency may promote the development of cardiac hypertrophy and ventricular remodeling after transverse aortic constriction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ccf52e786904458bed7864f7e1c27a8", "input": "Question: Does total inflammation in early protocol kidney graft biopsies predict progression of fibrosis at one year post-transplant?\nAnswer: Total inflammation in kidney transplant biopsies at week 6 did not predict progression of fibrosis at one\u00a0yr post-transplant.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7c6b1b8de43d4709b139d1a8f92b5b1a", "input": "Question: Does cardiovascular MR T2-STIR imaging discriminate between intramyocardial haemorrhage and microvascular obstruction during the subacute phase of a reperfused myocardial infarction?\nAnswer: T2-STIR did not allow identification of IMH in areas with MVO in a porcine model of myocardial ischaemic/reperfusion injury in the subacute phase of a reperfused myocardial infarction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b19dd8ae575d490c87fe93d0413b8489", "input": "Question: Does chronotropic Incompetence Limit Exercise Capacity in Chronic Heart Failure?\nAnswer: The data refute the contention that CI contributes to impaired exercise capacity in CHF. This finding has widespread implications for pacemaker programming and the use of heart-rate lowering agents. (The Influence of Heart Rate Limitation on Exercise Tolerance in Pacemaker Patients [TREPPE]; NCT02247245).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd53d1121d06490c90c4fa9a5b6394a0", "input": "Question: Does clinical Phenotyping Differentiate Hunner Lesion Subtype of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome : A Relook at the Role of Cystoscopy?\nAnswer: A subtype of interstitial cystitis with Hunner lesions has worse bladder centric symptoms but did not show a distinct bladder centric phenotype. Given the management implications of distinguishing classic interstitial cystitis from nonHunner lesion bladder pain syndrome, we recommend cystoscopy with local anesthesia in patients diagnosed with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cc5797d196c44e50a7f515120f13f547", "input": "Question: Is the Location of Peak Upper Trapezius Muscle Activity During Submaximal Contractions Associated With the Location of Myofascial Trigger Points : New Insights Revealed by High-density Surface EMG?\nAnswer: People with myofascial pain and MTrP displayed a caudal shift of the distribution of upper trapezius muscle activity compared with asymptomatic individuals during a submaximal shoulder elevation task. For the first time, we show that the location of peak muscle activity is not associated with the location of the MTrP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-77b3d128f3d64928a74b1af91235e2b6", "input": "Question: Does oral Low-dose Theophylline on Top of Inhaled Fluticasone-Salmeterol Reduce Exacerbations in Patients With Severe COPD : A Pilot Clinical Trial?\nAnswer: The combination of low-dose oral theophylline and ICS did not enhance the antiinflammatory properties of ICS in\u00a0vivo or influence exacerbation rate.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-793f45fc4c6140e48832e25d0d757b1f", "input": "Question: Do clinical Scales Reliably Identify Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Large-Artery Occlusion?\nAnswer: Using published cutoffs for triage would result in a loss of opportunity for \u226520% of patients with large-artery occlusion who would be inappropriately sent to a center lacking neurointerventional facilities. Conversely, using cutoffs reducing the false-negative rate to 10% would result in sending almost every patient to a comprehensive stroke center. Our findings, therefore, suggest that intracranial arterial imaging should be performed in all patients with acute ischemic stroke presenting within 6 hours of symptom onset.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b469a3b1c7e8436880f2bfb49261ab01", "input": "Question: Does ketorolac Administered in the Recovery Room for Acute Pain Management Affect Healing Rates of Femoral and Tibial Fractures?\nAnswer: Ketorolac administered in the first 24 hours after fracture repair for acute pain management does not seem to have a negative impact on time to healing or incidence of nonunion for femoral or tibial shaft fractures.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7422a45659cc4049a6980ea370b96808", "input": "Question: Do lactobacillus reuteri supplements affect salivary IgA or cytokine levels in healthy subjects : A randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , cross-over trial?\nAnswer: Supplementation with two strains of the probiotic L. reuteri did not affect sIgA or cytokine levels in whole saliva in healthy young adults. The results thereby indicate that daily oral supplementation with L. reuteri do not seem to modulate the salivary oral immune response in healthy young subjects (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02017886).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-56becd3286b24ff29b6fa10b74d66498", "input": "Question: Does silencing the porcine iGb3s gene affect Gal\u03b13Gal levels or measures of anticipated pig-to-human and pig-to-primate acute rejection?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that iGb3s is not a contributor to antibody-mediated rejection in pig-to-primate or pig-to-human xenotransplantation. Although iGb3s gene silencing significantly changed the renal glycosphingolipid profile, the effect on Gal\u03b13Gal levels, antibody binding, and cytotoxic profiles of baboon and human sera on porcine PBMCs was neutral.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9672e8e8fe2742419f747f42eab972af", "input": "Question: Does preeclampsia share common risk alleles in 9p21 with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: Our study did not find evidence for the involvement of the 9p21 region in the risk of preeclampsia. Key Message Chromosome 9p21 is not associated with preeclampsia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ec50cc168ba84c7790dab2fcb1eceb3e", "input": "Question: Do time and tumor type ( primary or metastatic ) influence the detection of BRAF/NRAS mutations in formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples from melanomas?\nAnswer: Preserving sufficient tumor area in FFPE blocks is important. It is necessary to keep the FFPE blocks, no matter their age, as they are necessary to decide the best treatment for the melanoma patient.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-277fecc76471448c87d9783dddd69e82", "input": "Question: Does timing of Last Preoperative Dose of Infliximab Increase Postoperative Complications in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients?\nAnswer: Timing of last dose of infliximab does not affect the rate of postoperative complications in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7fc28e9e47484f13a00dbe72257cb1a4", "input": "Question: Does ramadan fasting adversely affect neuromuscular performances and reaction times in trained karate athletes?\nAnswer: The present results showed that RIF did not adversely affect the neuromuscular performances and anthropometric parameters of elite karate athletes who were undertaking their usual training schedule. In addition, neither RIF nor neuromuscular fatigue poorly affects reaction times in elite karate athletes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-216215e0a84343ce85b444b49dd79d72", "input": "Question: Are heart Rate Acceleration and Recovery Indices Related to the Development of Ventricular Premature Beats During Exercise Test?\nAnswer: Although exercise performance may be different between the genders, the HRA or HRR indices were not related to the development of PVC during exercise in both genders.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-571aa538e8d04237aec68b7e70516e01", "input": "Question: Does cardiac arrest affect survival in post-operative cardiovascular surgery patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation?\nAnswer: Cardiac arrest did not affect short-tem and long-term mortality in a large cohort of patients with therapy refractory cardiogenic shock undergoing ECMO support following CV surgery. Our results suggest that the decision to initiate ECMO support in this specific patient population should not be influenced by the occurrence of cardiac arrest.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-07ade3c812f44a43a20733b0214ce2c9", "input": "Question: Does vertebral Artery Hypoplasia Influence Lesion Size and Clinical Severity in Acute Ischemic Stroke?\nAnswer: VAH is more common in patients with posterior circulation stroke and in younger patients. Apart from that, we found no clear evidence that VAH would be a predisposing factor for stroke or that it increased the risk for larger ischemic lesions in the posterior circulation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-65aece3502e8450d84f897443fab6a65", "input": "Question: Does in Heart Failure Patients with Left Bundle Branch Block Single Lead MultiSpot Left Ventricular Pacing Improve Acute Hemodynamic Response To Conventional Biventricular Pacing . A Multicenter Prospective , Interventional , Non-Randomized Study?\nAnswer: In patients with LBBB MultiSPOT LV pacing demonstrated comparable improvement in contractility to best conventional BiV pacing. Optimization of atrioventricular delay is important for the best performance for both BiV and MultiSPOT pacing configurations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5c908d413a9a452ca9374c3f8beafb9c", "input": "Question: Is evaluation of cytopathological findings in thyroid nodules with macrocalcification : macrocalcification innocent as it seems?\nAnswer: Our findings suggest that macrocalcifications are not always benign and are not associated with increased nondiagnostic FNAB results. Macrocalcification, particularly the parenchymal type should be taken into consideration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c41f5fe083f94100bae586d6f6631214", "input": "Question: Do positive reactions to nickel on a patch test predict clinical outcome of nickel alloy-based atrial septal defect occluder implantation?\nAnswer: In this study, positive reactions to nickel in a patch test were not associated with adverse early or late outcomes following ASD closure with a nickel alloy-based device.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce5de7fb70ef4133be9b30fce6e1cff6", "input": "Question: Are lumpectomy specimen margins reliable in predicting residual disease in breast conserving surgery?\nAnswer: Oriented LMs are not reliable for predicting lumpectomy cavity status, and therefore not reliable for directing re-excision. Taking complete, oriented SCMs at the time of lumpectomy may improve accuracy compared with traditional LM assessment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d2f52833d194be9bb71fef900597b1b", "input": "Question: Does age impact on clinical risk factors justify the age related change in referral pattern for osteoporosis assessment - Data from the Aalborg University Hospital Record for Osteoporosis Risk Assessment ( AURORA )?\nAnswer: High age carried the highest risk for fragility fracture and for osteoporosis by DXA. Clinical risk factors changed with age in those referred for evaluation. This change was not justified by the impact of clinical risk factors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-437f7fadf292477c9754e20fc2d98b2c", "input": "Question: Does short-term , high-dose glucocorticoid treatment contribute to reduced bone mineral density in patients with multiple sclerosis?\nAnswer: Reduced BMD was prevalent in patients with MS. GC treatment appears not to be the primary underlying cause of secondary osteoporosis in MS patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4b619e2d8a8478db7c86b721079cd1a", "input": "Question: Are interferon \u03b3 and Tumor Necrosis Factor Essential Parameters of CD4+ T-Cell Responses for Vaccine Control of Tuberculosis?\nAnswer: Induction of TH1 cells that coexpress IFN-\u03b3 and TNF is not a requirement for vaccine efficacy against M. tuberculosis, despite these cytokines being essential for control of M. tuberculosis in nonvaccinated animals.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b3d3eb0081d644e9846f036c4e25dce5", "input": "Question: Are all cues created equal : the case for facilitating the acquisition of typical weighting strategies in children with hearing loss?\nAnswer: Spectral degradation affects children more than adults, but that degradation cannot explain the greater diminishment in children's weighting of FRT. It is suggested that auditory training could strengthen the weighting of spectral cues for implant recipients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d375729592449a2835d1fb84030f068", "input": "Question: Is cardiovascular response to stress and perceived stress altered 40 years after hypertensive pregnancies?\nAnswer: Response to physical or psychological stress is not affected many years after pregnancy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-245008ed0bd1422a90dc6591afb17fc3", "input": "Question: Does adequate surgical treatment of periprosthetic femoral fractures following hip arthroplasty correlate with functional outcome and quality of life?\nAnswer: PPF following THA are accompanied by a perceptible decline of function and remarkably high complication rates. In contrast to fracture classification and treatment type, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score predicts outcome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b2e9b27cfb5b49daa7903fc14a368bc7", "input": "Question: Is higher Syntax score predictive of late mortality in `` real-world '' patients with multivessel coronary artery disease undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting?\nAnswer: Patients with lower SS had lower mortality after CABG, which is attributable to lower baseline risk. SS is not independently predictive of late mortality in patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease undergoing CABG.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-27f82a65df0145c48a3a0e48cc8fa386", "input": "Question: Are common genetic variants related to vitamin D status associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk in China?\nAnswer: Our results suggested that common genetic variants related to vitamin D levels are not associated with risk of ESCC in this Chinese population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4eadff8ad204988ad841ac2d438aabf", "input": "Question: Is diagnostic terminology associated with contact-sport players ' expectations of outcome from mild traumatic brain injury?\nAnswer: Diagnostic terminology does not appear to have a potent influence on symptom expectation and injury perceptions in contact-sport players.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c20ba2b5cae44d5d9152104b8c909687", "input": "Question: Is response to tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis influenced by the body mass index of the patient?\nAnswer: Response to TCZ in patients with RA is not influenced by the baseline BMI, in contrast to anti-tumor necrosis factor drugs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ffe673707a454269a527ddf853ce8c54", "input": "Question: Is enhancement of in vitro activity of tuberculosis drugs by addition of thioridazine reflected by improved in vivo therapeutic efficacy?\nAnswer: Thioridazine is bactericidal towards Mtb in vitro, irrespective the mycobacterial growth rate and results in enhanced activity of the standard regimen. The in vitro activity of thioridazine in potentiating isoniazid and rifampicin is not reflected by improved therapeutic efficacy in a murine TB-model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-15337d3bf4914cb58e39976c4b886dae", "input": "Question: Does pCSK9-deficiency alter blood pressure and sodium balance in mouse models of hypertension?\nAnswer: Despite an increase of cleaved \u03b1ENaC under basal condition, PCSK9(-/-) mice display normal sodium balance and blood pressure regulation. Altogether, these data are reassuring regarding the development of PCSK9 inhibitors in hypercholesterolemia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-230177ebc3b5453c95b42d58967e9cdf", "input": "Question: Does [ The university stage favor the healthy life style in women students from Granada ]?\nAnswer: The need to sensitize the college female population on the benefits of no-consumption of alcohol and snuff, and regular physical exercise is suggested. It would also be advisable to develop protocols of educational intervention in universities promoting healthy living habits.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-22631b2eefe64cff92a90696095fc15e", "input": "Question: Are elevated D-dimers in attacks of hereditary angioedema associated with increased thrombotic risk?\nAnswer: Elevated plasma D-dimer levels were associated with acute C1-INH-HAE attacks, particularly with submucosal involvement. However, rhC1INH therapy was not associated with thrombotic events.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aaa44e1eecbe49f498877779ce27ace1", "input": "Question: Is concave distal end of ulna metaphysis alone a sign of rickets?\nAnswer: The finding of 20% of concave distal ulnas in the first year of life confirms the widely acknowledged statements that concave distal end of the ulna alone is not indicative of rickets. Statements to the contrary are not justified.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-890ea5ac039346d5a7710aeb7ce82c02", "input": "Question: Does endogenous elevation of plasma cholecystokinin prevent gallstones?\nAnswer: Together with the previously observed decrease in CCK-stimulated gall bladder emptying in mice fed a lithogenic diet, our findings suggest that a lithogenic diet causes gallstone formation by impaired CCK secretion in addition to reduced gall bladder sensitivity to CCK.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab371da7ce114584b125ba9587447675", "input": "Question: Does the preoperative neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio correlate with the 21-gene recurrence score in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that the preoperative NLR does not predict the 21-gene RS in patients with early-stage hormone-sensitive BC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4c56a243994492e9f4cc8fb24301e28", "input": "Question: Is very Long-term Survival Following Resection for Pancreatic Cancer Explained by Commonly Mutated Genes : Results of Whole-Exome Sequencing Analysis?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that in most patients, somatic mutations in commonly mutated genes are unlikely to be the primary determinant of very long-term survival following surgical resection of PDAC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7571e0d4f28c40849a88b1e654c247d7", "input": "Question: Does acute conversion of persistent atrial fibrillation during dofetilide loading predict long-term atrial fibrillation-free survival?\nAnswer: Acute pharmacologic conversion of persistent AF/AFl to sinus rhythm frequently occurs during dofetilide loading. Nevertheless, acute pharmacologic conversion does not predict long-term arrhythmia control, which was moderate at best.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cd9a3c24f06d49e5afdbe630d41a5979", "input": "Question: Is gram-negative bacterial carriage in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis associated with more severe inflammation?\nAnswer: CRSwNP patients colonized with Gram-negative bacteria have a similar pattern of inflammation as assessed by serum biomarkers to those colonized with Gram-positive ones. Gram-negative bacteria may contribute to development of a T helper 2 (Th2) phenotype via other mechanisms, possibly via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated interleukin 33 (IL-33) production. Differences in phenotype associated with Pseudomonas species carriage suggest a different behavior than other Gram-negative bacteria, supporting their importance as disease modifiers in CRSwNP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-996d447295eb44bbadfa1cf9acf26aa0", "input": "Question: Does endometrial disruption improve implantation in patients who have failed the transfer of euploid blastocysts?\nAnswer: Single pass endometrial biopsy has no impact on endometrial receptivity in the highest risk subgroup- patient's that have failed to sustain the transfer of morphologically normal euploid embryos- as evidenced by equivalent implantation rates. It is possible that variations in technique may alter outcomes and randomized trials are needed to answer this question.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3260ab34b5d5437f81908064bff9e293", "input": "Question: Does a 35-day bed rest alter the bilateral deficit of the lower limbs during explosive efforts?\nAnswer: These results suggest that the neuromuscular factors underlying BLD are unaltered after prolonged disuse.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-76295ee7d2134368aab4b201fd065416", "input": "Question: Does preoperative transarterial chemoembolization increase hepatic artery complications after liver transplantation : A single center 12-year experience?\nAnswer: Our single institution experience showed that it might be safe to perform pre-TACE in HCC patients before OLT. It would not increase postoperative HAC risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3d159c2ef6141198f31d1b75e77015c", "input": "Question: Are regulatory T cells a strong predictor of survival for patients with glioblastoma?\nAnswer: Although immunosuppression is a hallmark of glioblastoma, Tregs as measured in tissue by gene expression, immunohistochemistry, or demethylation and Tregs in peripheral blood measured by flow cytometry do not predict survival of patients. Quantitative DNA demethylation analysis provides an objective, sensitive, and specific way of identifying Tregs and CD3+ T cells in glioblastoma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9559de0229e4c549daa2f755d3f6184", "input": "Question: Does perforation of a nasoseptal flap increase the rate of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak?\nAnswer: Our series shows a 0% postoperative CSF leak rate in patients undergoing skull-base reconstruction with a NSF that was torn during harvest. Small tears in the NSF do not seem to affect postoperative CSF leak rates.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a6577a776204592a4e09207f7e33f8c", "input": "Question: Does valproic acid-mediated inhibition of trimethyltin-induced deficits in memory and learning in the rat directly depend on its anti-oxidant properties?\nAnswer: The results of present study showed that VPA attenuates TMT-induced memory deficits. Protective effects against brain tissues oxidative damage might have a role in the beneficial effects of VPA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f66c00f7c36e4c809e0208249df913f1", "input": "Question: Are variants in miRNA regulating cardiac growth a common cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?\nAnswer: Sequence variants in miRNAs of patients with HCM are not frequent and the contribution of these variants to the development of this disease was not demonstrated.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f59ef800be924228a4b6cd3dd490961b", "input": "Question: Does acute Coronary Syndrome Have a Negative Impact on Outcomes after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Left Main Disease?\nAnswer: ACS did not have a negative impact on early and late outcomes of CABG in patients with LMD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fa41b8c7a0214ad194b4e91b3c91c4b3", "input": "Question: Does diffusion-weighted MRI reflect kidney fibrosis in a rat model of fibrosis?\nAnswer: Compared to the in vivo measurements, postmortem renal ADCs were considerably reduced and, unlike in vivo, fibrotic kidneys exhibited consistently higher ADC compared to healthy kidney parenchyma. Our data suggest that in vivo ADC is unlikely to be a direct measure of renal fibrosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0a5f8ab1c4a441f796d37729619aad06", "input": "Question: Does hydrostatic pressure cause detectable changes in survival of human retinal ganglion cells?\nAnswer: Directly applied HP had no detectable impact on RGC survival and stress-signalling in HORCs. Simulated ischemia, however, activated stress pathways and caused RGC death. These results show that direct HP does not cause degeneration of RGCs in the ex vivo human retina.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b00bfe39f23641cf93b6e177a9cbbe7f", "input": "Question: Is periprocedural myocardial infarction associated with an increased risk of long-term cardiac mortality after coronary bifurcation stenting?\nAnswer: PMI occurs in patients with a higher prevalence of adverse cardiac risks and predicts short-term but not long-term cardiac mortality in patients undergoing bifurcation lesion PCI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b6f8cba131e42999fc48fcb747b5147", "input": "Question: Does clinical stability of slipped capital femoral epiphysis correlate with intraoperative stability?\nAnswer: Current clinical classification systems are limited in accurately diagnosing the physeal stability in SCFE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-640d7d031d1e48d1a849625399af3159", "input": "Question: Does butylscopolammonium bromide provide additional analgesia when combined with morphine and ketorolac for acute renal colic?\nAnswer: Although the addition of BB to morphine and ketorolac appeared to show a statistically significant reduction in pain compared with morphine and ketorolac alone, a reduction of 1.2\u2003cm on VAS is unlikely to be clinically significant.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-25eb9dc022ca400bb326b5d1ddbdf9d5", "input": "Question: Does blood presence of circulating oncofetal fibronectin mRNA , by RT-PCR , represent a useful specific marker for the management and follow-up of thyroid cancer patients?\nAnswer: We underline how the complexity of onfFN transcripts could affect the RT-PCR procedure. In addition, the presence of onfFN transcripts in several normal and cancer tissues, along with non-thyroid biological fluids or cells, does not allow the use of this marker for cancer monitoring.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0420f7df649045f0834aac92602c7bac", "input": "Question: Is cyclooxygenase-2 expression a marker of poor survival in lung cancer?\nAnswer: The results of this study do not support COX-2 expression as an independent prognostic factor in lung cancer. However, since results of the literature are different, further studies made in larger series are needed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c6240da766347f7b8b5bf5a52c55328", "input": "Question: Does cardiac troponin I independently predict mortality in critically ill patients with severe sepsis?\nAnswer: Critically ill patients with severe sepsis who had elevated troponin had increased hospital and intensive care mortality. However, cardiac troponin I did not independently predict hospital mortality.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eebbc875d60a4bc8a095eae67b69a610", "input": "Question: Are shifts in exercise capacity reported adequately in patients with congenital heart disease?\nAnswer: In patients with CHD, there was no detectable relation of changes in exercise capacity and changes in self-reported health status or quality of life.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4dc15258c7574e438f029a65731fc9bc", "input": "Question: Does nonoperative immediate weightbearing of minimally displaced lateral compression sacral fractures result in displacement?\nAnswer: : Immediate weightbearing, tempered by patient comfort, is a safe and acceptable treatment for minimally displaced LC sacral fractures and results in union with minimal additional displacement.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0bc08487d13348849c843756ed06175b", "input": "Question: Is biologic treatment or immunomodulation associated with postoperative anastomotic complications in abdominal surgery for Crohn 's disease?\nAnswer: Preoperative biologic treatment or immunomodulation had no influence on anastomotic complications. The study confirms previous findings of corticosteroids and a colo-colic anastomosis as negative predictors and also that surgical complexity, as expressed by bleeding and operation time, may contribute to anastomotic complications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a7d30825f48427c858c44790e619e7f", "input": "Question: Does high TPMT enzyme activity explain drug resistance due to preferential 6-methylmercaptopurine production in patients on thiopurine treatment?\nAnswer: In this patient population with measured 6-MMP/6-TGN ratios, 19% of patients were preferential 6-MMP producers. The results show that high TPMT enzyme activity is not the major reason for preferential 6-MMP production in most patients with a high metabolite ratio. This suggests that there are one or more important alternative mechanisms for preferentially producing 6-MMP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d6b5bce8a634918a5bcd8de188ef67e", "input": "Question: Is long time to diagnosis of medulloblastoma in children associated with decreased survival or with worse neurological outcome?\nAnswer: We found complex and often inverse relations between time to diagnosis of medulloblastoma in children and initial severity factors, survival, and neuropsychological and neurological outcome. This interval appears due more to the nature of the tumor and its progression than to parental or medical factors. These conclusions should be taken into account in the information provided to parents and in expert assessments produced for malpractice claims.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-add1f0cfc9534c1192373288a132bcac", "input": "Question: Does pre-operative Tei Index predict left ventricular function immediately after mitral valve repair?\nAnswer: Pre-operative Tei Index is not a good predictor for post-operative FAC and EF in patients undergoing MV repair.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-36591f1d4e5f41b7a966ba51c09f6f39", "input": "Question: Does expression of the pair-rule gene homologs runt , Pax3/7 , even-skipped-1 and even-skipped-2 during larval and juvenile development of the polychaete annelid Capitella teleta support a role in segmentation?\nAnswer: C. teleta eve, Pax3/7 and runt homologs all have distinct expression patterns and share expression domains with homologs from other bilaterians. None of the pair-rule orthologs examined in C. teleta exhibit segmental or pair-rule stripes of expression in the ectoderm or mesoderm, consistent with an independent origin of segmentation between annelids and arthropods.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c17f1f23e0e6404da3fef7f9fcdc47a0", "input": "Question: Is central venous saturation an alternative to mixed venous saturation during cardiopulmonary bypass in coronary artery surgery patients?\nAnswer: Although mean biases between the measurements were low, limits of agreement were too large to provide a clinically acceptable estimation of SvO(2) by ScvO(2) in these conditions. Variations in regional oxygen consumption seem to be the main factor worsening the relationship.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f2991f7ce24d43fab52b7b99e459d2fa", "input": "Question: Does predrilling improve the pullout strength of external fixator pins : a biomechanical study?\nAnswer: Single-cortex pin placement, osteoporotic bone, and more distal pin location decreased pin pullout strength. We did not observe a significant mechanical advantage of predrilling for modern external fixator pins. The near cortex of a pin inserted into 2 cortices without predrilling did not exhibit substantial stripping effect.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e22a72e46e204062b284ea72dbe5173b", "input": "Question: Does hemoglobin variability predict mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients?\nAnswer: Hemoglobin variability does not predict mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a224ad217cf4457b577841ae69a7b5b", "input": "Question: Does unlike arginine vasopressin , the selective V1a receptor agonist FE 202158 cause procoagulant effects by releasing von Willebrand factor?\nAnswer: Unlike the mixed vasopressin type 1a receptor/vasopressin type 2 receptor agonist arginine vasopressin, the selective vasopressin type 1a receptor agonist FE 202158 does not release von Willebrand factor. Because von Willebrand factor is involved in coagulatory and inflammatory pathways during septic shock, future studies should clarify the role of the vasopressin type 2 receptor-mediated von Willebrand factor increase by arginine vasopressin and the potential benefit of selective vasopressin type 1a receptor-agonists like FE 202158.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d2dd5d5e82e244469d42d39113d09e0f", "input": "Question: Does propranolol inhibition of \u03b2-adrenergic receptor suppress pathologic neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy?\nAnswer: Propranolol treatment via three routes and up to 30 times the standard human dose failed to suppress retinopathy development in mice. These data bring into question whether propranolol through inhibition of \u03b2-adrenergic receptors is an appropriate therapeutic approach for treating ROP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d71c79fc369545559ac1820712db5c72", "input": "Question: Is the absolute nucleated red blood cell ( aNRBC ) count at birth an indicator for retinopathy of prematurity ( ROP )?\nAnswer: We are unable to support the previously reported relationship of aNRBCs with ROP. Our population was three times larger, had higher aNRBCs and less retinopathy than previously reported. A biological principle of cause and effect or predisposition to ROP as reflected by aNRBCs should have been easier for us to demonstrate, if it existed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-78bd2f0d8b4b433c98e211e8bf86e4d2", "input": "Question: Is serum lysophosphatidylcholine level altered in coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: Serum LPC level is not altered in patients with CAD proven by coronary angiography.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dd390b9af9bf49c99d08b13eb681e098", "input": "Question: Does muscle magnetic resonance imaging sensitivity decrease in chronic , mild , or proximal lower limb neuropathies?\nAnswer: Muscle MRI is an alternative tool to EMG in proximal, mild, or chronic clinical diagnoses of lower limb focal neuropathies. However, it also seems prone to false-positive results, particularly in proximal muscles.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a16d2c5d05464811959a292b3868cef5", "input": "Question: Does hIV exposure worsen outcome in stage III necrotizing enterocolitis with current treatment protocols?\nAnswer: HIV-exposed infants do not have a more severe disease course nor more adverse outcomes in stage IIIb NEC than unexposed infants. Significant factors were antenatal steroids and post-NEC infective episodes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cfa58dde7c3b4916b857167b1c4ba654", "input": "Question: Is the Neuroprotective Effect of Genetic Mannose-binding Lectin Deficiency Sustained in the Sub-acute Phase of Stroke?\nAnswer: Development of a successful anti-complement neuroprotective strategy will require carefully-tailored inhibition coupled with a greater understanding of the functional effects of complement activation during later phases of stroke recovery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-88da4e1c2e1049e186b5b98ec3b91cd2", "input": "Question: Does topical estradiol interfere with the expression of the metalloproteinase-1 enzyme in photo exposed skin cells?\nAnswer: Treatment with estradiol 0.05% cream, in photo exposed skin for 30 days, does not inhibit the production of metalloproteinase-1.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb827eb74bde4850bb38b5ae06f5b807", "input": "Question: Does nicotine influence NF-\u03baB activity in neonatal mice reoxygenated with room-air or 100 % oxygen?\nAnswer: Preconditioning with nicotine does not have any effect on NF-\u03baB activity in body organs or in the brain of neonatal mice after hypoxia and resuscitation with either room-air or 100% oxygen. 100% oxygen did not alter NF-\u03baB activity when compared to room-air resuscitation alone.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5795b813536144ed9c1ab813f6dece40", "input": "Question: Is measurement of high-molecular-weight adiponectin useful in assessing coronary stenosis?\nAnswer: Despite associations between total adiponectin levels and coronary stenosis, our data go against any apparent association between HMW adiponectin concentrations and coronary stenosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-894c7b1d76e84f1fabd5a470f5d48a4f", "input": "Question: Does genetic deletion of dectin-1 affect the course of murine experimental colitis?\nAnswer: Together our data suggest that, although at the immune cell level there is a difference in response towards the intestinal flora in dectin-1 deficient macrophages, during intestinal inflammation this response seems to be redundant since dectin-1 deficiency in mice does not affect intestinal inflammation in experimental colitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad67032652c7495986a61ed39bcd2abe", "input": "Question: Is laser in situ keratomileusis surgery safe for military personnel?\nAnswer: There is a high risk of potential traumatic flap problems after LASIK and it is not recommended in army service.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4bd29b9e5f434913af56f1f10dc06e84", "input": "Question: Is iSL1 common variant rs1017 associated with susceptibility to congenital heart disease in a Chinese population?\nAnswer: This is the first study which indicates that ISL1 common variant rs1017 may not play a role in sporadic CHD susceptibility in the Chinese population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bc51690c7e534da8817318d132be3479", "input": "Question: Is mid-gestation pregnancy disrupted by a 5-day gastrointestinal mucosal cytoprotectant oral regimen of misoprostol?\nAnswer: Treatment of pregnant mares with a gastrointestinal mucosal cytoprotectant regimen of oral misoprostol for 5 days did not disrupt pregnancy, nor adversely affect the general health and comfort of these mares. Additional investigation of treatment at earlier and later stages of gestation, for longer-term treatment, as well as evaluating neonates for developmental disturbances, would add further information on safety of misoprostol during gestation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d678d7353bb4072809fc96d683cf4bf", "input": "Question: Does clinical usefulness of the metabolic syndrome for the risk of coronary heart disease exceed the sum of its individual components in older men and women . The Three-City ( 3C ) Study?\nAnswer: The MetS is a risk marker for CHD in community-dwelling elderly subjects but may not be useful for CHD risk prediction purposes compared to its individual components.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-78fd5d6498b34c4eab8c0846f331eeb9", "input": "Question: Does transgenic Cry1Ab rice impact ecological fitness and predation of a generalist spider?\nAnswer: The transgenic Cry1Ab rice lines tested in this study had no adverse effects on the survival, developmental time and fecundity of P. pseudoannulata in the laboratory or on predation under field conditions. This suggests that this important predator would not be harmed if transgenic Cry1Ab rice were commercialized.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-032bcb67de9c48a88721aeb47c49f107", "input": "Question: Is the structure of the von Willebrand factor altered in patients with colorectal carcinoma?\nAnswer: There was no change in the VWF multimer distribution to indicate acquired von Willebrand disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3047e79ca6f47c69dee4a54a8c8034c", "input": "Question: Does adolescent exposure to nicotine results in reinforcement enhancement but affect adult responding in rats?\nAnswer: Nicotine exhibits reinforcement enhancing effects in adolescent rats. Long-term effects of adolescent nicotine on reinforcement enhancement are minimal, but the impact of early exposure to the VS and/or the primary reinforcing effects of nicotine requires further investigation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f5d74ee7524416a8943b01f8cc4cafc", "input": "Question: Are incentive payments related to expected health gain in the pay for performance scheme for UK primary care : cross-sectional analysis?\nAnswer: In this subgroup of indicators the financial incentives were not aligned to maximise health gain. This disconnection between incentive and expected health gain risks supporting clinical activities that are only marginally effective, at the expense of more effective activities receiving lower incentives. When designing pay for performance programmes decisions about the size of the financial incentive attached to an indicator should be informed by information on the health gain to be expected from that indicator.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-faeff4c647cc43dc85eaad4f3d00f164", "input": "Question: Is diagnostic lobectomy routinely required to exclude malignancy in thyroid nodules greater than four centimetres?\nAnswer: Many patients with large thyroid nodules undergo thyroidectomy for symptom relief alone, regardless of their FNAC results. In such patients where other clinical indicators for thyroidectomy are not present, a benign FNAC result can reassure both patient and surgeon that mandatory surgical excision is not needed to exclude malignancy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-17abe4f890394d14892d66eb43a11774", "input": "Question: Does helicobacter pylori eradication influence gastroesophageal reflux disease : a prospective , parallel , randomized , open-label , controlled trial?\nAnswer: Manometric, clinical and endoscopic data showed no benefit in eradicating H. pylori in GERD. Our data supports the hypothesis that H. pylori eradication does not influence GERD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c9c474d2d8c47189476d0772f96edb1", "input": "Question: Do food cues modulate the neuroendocrine response to a prolonged fast in healthy men?\nAnswer: This study shows that 60 h of fasting in young men (1) decreases the hypothalamic BOLD signal in response to glucose ingestion; (2) induces glucose intolerance; (3) increases resting energy expenditure, and (4) downregulates the pituitary-thyroid and pituitary-gonadal axes. Exposure to visual and odorous food cues did not alter these metabolic and neuroendocrine adaptations to nutrient deprivation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff9c8f8f69bc47cf9c18bd93c3f63d85", "input": "Question: Are vertebral endplate changes associated with chronic low back pain among Southern European subjects : a case control study?\nAnswer: In Southern European subjects, vertebral endplate changes are not associated with chronic LBP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-024ac095602847438202149bed91a839", "input": "Question: Are parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism : preoperative localization and routine biopsy of unaltered glands necessary?\nAnswer: Our surgical strategy for treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism has proved to be safe with a favorable outcome in more than 95% of patients. This was possible without the routine use of preoperative localization studies and intraoperative biopsy of macroscopically normal glands. Routine biopsy of normal-appearing glands seems to be unnecessary and may increase the risk of hypoparathyroidism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-32b389c4334b4a63b9d38bdc1f3c163b", "input": "Question: Does glutamine supplementation prevent bacterial translocation after non-lethal haemorrhage in rats?\nAnswer: Glutamine supplementation before haemorrhage did not reduce bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes in this rat model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-768c5b9036de4ab7a14f7174e5596505", "input": "Question: Does protamine affect the formation of cGMP or cAMP in pig vascular smooth muscle cells in response to vasodilators?\nAnswer: These experiments show that protamine does not alter the responses of the intracellular second messengers, cGMP and cAMP, to the vasodilators sodium nitroprusside, atrial natriuretic peptide, isoproterenol, and forskolin. These results do not support the hypothesis that protamine sensitizes vascular smooth muscle cells to the endothelium-derived relaxing factor, nitric oxide.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e3b3625bc2334804a970c0fc8f12f094", "input": "Question: Does digoxin accelerate progression of diabetic retinopathy?\nAnswer: These data suggest that digoxin therapy does not adversely affect the course of diabetic retinopathy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-199e1e131e634fc789dcb34d9b20ccab", "input": "Question: Does adjuvant chemotherapy affect employment in patients with early-stage breast cancer?\nAnswer: Adjuvant chemotherapy does not delay or prevent return to work in women treated for early-stage breast cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad20a1a4de114415b9a54b3ba802877e", "input": "Question: Does growth hormone secretion after the administration of GHRP-6 or GHRH combined with GHRP-6 decline in late adulthood?\nAnswer: These data show that GH responses to GHRP-6 are much greater than to GHRH in late adulthood. The marked increase of plasma GH levels observed after administration of GHRP-6 alone or in combination with GHRH indicates that impaired GH secretion in late adulthood is a functional and potentially reversible state.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d8f85e2805524b04afcac2bb4bb7a8b7", "input": "Question: Does increased proteoglycan synthesis in cartilage in experimental canine osteoarthritis reflect a permanent change in chondrocyte phenotype?\nAnswer: Previous results indicated that PG synthesis and turnover in articular cartilage was increased for many months after induction of experimental OA. Our present results show that the enhanced rate of PG synthesis and turnover were evident in freshly explanted tissue, but the differences were lost over 3 days in culture. A decreased responsiveness to TNF alpha was also lost. The hypermetabolic activity of experimental OA chondrocytes was thus reversible and not a permanent change in chondrocyte phenotype.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5bd0fd9f4e064dbaa6be4d59c2d1130a", "input": "Question: Do [ Larger sclerotomies for use of the multiport illumination system increase the complication risk of vitrectomy ]?\nAnswer: When these complications were compared to data from other retrospective studies of vitrectomy and its complications, the multiport illumination, system was found to be as safe as conventional devices.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3b2d3bbf59b3498aa65f1fdb74366824", "input": "Question: Do physicians have a responsibility to provide futile or unreasonable care if a patient or family insists?\nAnswer: Although the issue of physician refusal of requested care has not been resolved by case law or legal statute, it is supported by compelling ethical principles. Physicians are not ethically required to provide futile or unreasonable care, especially to patients who are brain dead, vegetative, critically or terminally ill with little chance of recovery, and unlikely to benefit from cardiopulmonary resuscitation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1472c09e51a24d2a9414976462995afe", "input": "Question: Does why perirenal disease extend into the pelvis : the importance of closure of the cone of the renal fasciae?\nAnswer: There is an anatomic barrier between the inferior perirenal space and the extraperitoneal pelvis formed by the fusion of the leaves of the renal fasciae into a single multilaminar fascia that acts as a barrier of disease extension. The multilaminar nature of this fascia, however, may also act as a filter, allowing some permeability between its layers. This potential interlaminar pathway is rare and is manifested as fascial thickening on CT scans. This laminar filter-barrier observation explains the lack of extension of perirenal diseases into the pelvis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-64e2291f73e6402295cd33f64673e408", "input": "Question: Is exercise intolerance in chronic heart failure associated with impaired recovery of muscle function or submaximal exercise performance?\nAnswer: Although these findings confirm earlier studies that demonstrated impaired muscle endurance in patients with heart failure, the results provide no evidence that recovery of either muscle function or submaximal exercise tolerance is delayed beyond the initial 5 to 10 min after exercise.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-17317bad696e4bf682ac9bcba72ec3c4", "input": "Question: Is the risk of atrial fibrillation after pneumonectomy impaired by preoperative administration of dexamethasone . A cohort study?\nAnswer: AF is a frequent complication after pneumonectomy associated with increased mortality. Whereas corticosteroids have been documented as preventing AF following cardiac surgery, no such effect was found after pneumonectomy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ce4ca3c03a34f6a8541629a39eb01a9", "input": "Question: Are intraoperative Care Transitions Associated with Postoperative Adverse Outcomes?\nAnswer: In the analysis of intraoperative handovers, anesthesia care transitions were not associated with an increased risk of postoperative adverse outcomes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d03f786b9c464df2a9b7f4148ee9ab3d", "input": "Question: Does percutaneous intervention for carotid in-stent restenosis improve outcomes compared with nonoperative management?\nAnswer: Over 13\u00a0years, percutaneous interventions for \u226550% C-ISR were safe and durable. However, interventions fail to improve long-term stroke/death/MI or patency rates relative to nonintervention. Intervention for C-ISR may not be necessary, although future appropriately powered, prospective trials will be necessary to confirm these findings and to determine the appropriateness of interventions for C-ISR.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a81b85500e141f788adc3f920d87990", "input": "Question: Does alteration of Esophageal Microbiome by Antibiotic Treatment Affect Incidence of Rat Esophageal Adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: Alteration of microbiome does not affect the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Microbiome may not contribute to the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed9b7345266a4418bd6e7462643624c3", "input": "Question: Are statins a risk factor for liver damage associated with intravenous glucocorticoid pulse therapy for Graves ' orbitopathy?\nAnswer: The lack of observation of cases of ALD in patients given ivGC and statins is quite reassuring. Although caution should be applied to any patient candidate to ivGC treatment and this should be particularly accurate in patients given statins, our findings somehow justify the use of ivGC in patients under statins, although further studies in larger cohorts are needed to confirm our conclusions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-62d0ab36d3fd4e618268d57e457e257d", "input": "Question: Does inactivation of the LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway contribute to salivary gland tumor development - a short report?\nAnswer: In contrast to many other types of cancer, inactivation or downregulation of the LKB1/AMPK pathway does not substantially contribute to the pathogenesis of salivary gland tumors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b5c5bdd1b8a48ab862775866a95bb68", "input": "Question: Does inclusion of Vancomycin as Part of Broad-Spectrum Coverage Improve Outcomes in Patients with Intra-Abdominal Infections : A Post Hoc Analysis?\nAnswer: This post hoc analysis reveals that addition of vancomycin occurred in nearly one third of patients and more often in sicker patients. Despite this selection bias, no appreciable differences in undesired outcomes were demonstrated, suggesting limited utility for adding vancomycin to cIAI treatment regimens.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4640eac3cb904c9aaaca95850ca9e86f", "input": "Question: Does angiographic severity correlate with fractional flow reserve in heavily calcified coronary arteries?\nAnswer: In patients with heavily calcified coronary lesions, there was no association between angiographic stenosis and hemodynamic significance and FFR is needed to determine hemodynamic significance of intermediate lesions. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-060ad7dff4e649a4b919b4492b59baaa", "input": "Question: Is anti-Zinc Transporter Protein 8 Antibody Testing Informative in Routine Prediabetes Screening in Young Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Celiac Disease?\nAnswer: ZnT8 autoantibodies detection in ATD and/or CD patients is low, and routine ZnT8 screening is not justified. ZnT8 evaluation may be recommended in subjects with autoimmune diseases as a marker for predicting compromised insulin secretion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-05b79d994eba4088917c503bdac9ea7d", "input": "Question: Does selective arterial clamping improve outcomes in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy : a propensity-score analysis of patients without impaired renal function?\nAnswer: Our study findings show no difference in PSM rates, complication rates or intermediate-term renal functional outcomes between patients with unimpaired renal function who underwent SAC vs those who underwent MAC. When expected WIT is low, the routine use of SAC may not be necessary. Further studies will need to determine the role of SAC in patients with a solitary kidney or with significantly impaired renal function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-68df71448a8d448688cfb5b362fc70d0", "input": "Question: Does transferring Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage Increase In-Hospital Mortality?\nAnswer: Our observation suggests that transfer patients of similar disease burden are not at higher risk of in-hospital mortality than direct presenters.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f03f558474554e798c3edd6498a14132", "input": "Question: Are serum Alkaline Phosphatase Levels Associated with Increased Death Risk in Prevalent Hemodialysis Patients : 5-Year Experience in a Single Hemodialysis Center?\nAnswer: Our study demonstrated that serum ALP levels were not associated with increased death risk in prevalent HD patients over a 5-year interval.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-60f299a04ae14e8f8e2be2bede3e59c2", "input": "Question: Does ultrasound-guided synovial biopsy of the wrist alter subsequent clinical or ultrasound disease activity assessments : a prospective study for incorporation of imaging in clinical trials?\nAnswer: In this population, UGSB of the wrist did not significantly alter subsequent clinical or US assessments, indicating that a wrist joint, which has undergone UGSB, may be incorporated into an US dataset or clinical outcome assessment tools, such as the DAS-28, without prejudice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6d484f713b31445a8ae77177c85508cd", "input": "Question: Does mRI-based ACL graft maturity predict clinical and functional outcomes during the first year after ACL reconstruction?\nAnswer: The MRI-based graft maturity does not have the ability to predict clinical and functional outcomes in patients at the first-year follow-up. Graft maturity should not be used as an objective test to determine the appropriate time to return to sports during the first year after ACL reconstruction. The results from this study will allow clinicians to determine graft-specific health to determine whether the graft is healed enough to return to sports during the first postoperative year.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f048b5dfefe04ee29d97754dc86cf7af", "input": "Question: Does g6PD Deficiency Enhance Susceptibility for Acquiring Helicobacter pylori Infection in Sardinian Patients?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate for the first time that G6PD deficiency does not enhance patients' susceptibility to acquire H. pylori infection in Sardinia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-81e69863d5cc4518b3433e7e82deb6fe", "input": "Question: Do mTHFR and ACE Polymorphisms Increase Susceptibility to Migraine Neither Alone Nor in Combination?\nAnswer: We could not replicate a previous study that showed significant increase in migraine susceptibility for two functional polymorphisms in genes affecting relevant pathways.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2f03d83e00cb41048ce54a08c6f8cd68", "input": "Question: Do armband activity monitor data correlate with reported pain scores in patients receiving vertebroplasty?\nAnswer: Activity monitors can be used to objectively record changes in activity following vertebroplasty procedures. Patient-reported pain or disability scores do not correlate with activity monitor-measured activity or sleep metrics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5f133bb0e26f4c179c2871257e4633d8", "input": "Question: Are female rats more variable than male rats : a meta-analysis of neuroscience studies?\nAnswer: We conclude that even when female rats are used in neuroscience experiments without regard to the estrous cycle stage, their data are not more variable than those of male rats. This is true for behavioral, electrophysiological, neurochemical, and histological measures. Thus, when designing neuroscience experiments to include both male and female rats, power analyses based on variance in male measures are sufficient to yield accurate numbers for females as well, even when the estrous cycle is not taken into consideration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ac00c5d7500646b6b912afad94b9dddc", "input": "Question: Is the Prevalence of Nodular Regenerative Hyperplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Treated with Thioguanine Associated with Clinically Significant Liver Disease?\nAnswer: The prevalence of NRH was 6% in liver biopsies obtained from IBD patients treated with thioguanine. Histopathological irregularities including NRH were not associated with clinically significant findings over the period of observation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-384b9745144c4dab9e2b6e41d45aafc1", "input": "Question: Is mRI-detected osteitis associated with the presence or level of ACPA alone , but with the combined presence of ACPA and RF?\nAnswer: The presence of ACPA alone or ACPA level was not statistically significantly associated with BME scores, but the combined presence of ACPA and RF was associated with more BME. This suggests an additive role of RF to ACPA in mediating osteitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-be23734277814c48a55a29767bfc125c", "input": "Question: Is upregulation of lipocalin-2 ( LCN2 ) in osteoarthritic cartilage necessary for cartilage destruction in mice?\nAnswer: Our observations collectively suggest that upregulation of LCN2 in OA cartilage is not sufficient or necessary for OA cartilage destruction in mice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d8645390d5549bb9ed33e05190ebff0", "input": "Question: Does post-exercise branched chain amino acid supplementation affect recovery markers following three consecutive high intensity resistance training bouts compared to carbohydrate supplementation?\nAnswer: BCAA-CHO supplementation did not reduce decrements in lower body strength or improve select markers of muscle damage/soreness compared to CHO supplementation over three consecutive days of intense lower-body training.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e3f5a5add6df4e599da275b24b547330", "input": "Question: Does sclerostin play a major role in the pathogenesis of skeletal complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: T2DM results in impaired skeletal architecture through altered remodelling pathways, but despite altered serum levels, it does not appear that sclerostin contributes to the deleterious effect of T2DM in rat bone.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bccd49ffbec449f78d7ffc6fb3b32bcc", "input": "Question: Does erythropoietin Enhance Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis Following Exercise in Young and Older Adults?\nAnswer: Despite its ability to activate the AKT pathway in skeletal muscle, an acute EPO injection had no additive or synergistic effect on the exercise-induced activation of muscle protein synthesis or muscle protein synthesis signaling pathways.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3b69ef65aae4e8997702f1489cace2b", "input": "Question: Does levonorgestrel butanoate intramuscular injection reliably suppress ovulation for 90 days in obese and normal-BMI women : a pilot study?\nAnswer: Return to ovulation was earlier than 6 months in both BMI groups but more so in the obese BMI group.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bed402e33f4c4a48b77df2c940ec9806", "input": "Question: Is reconstructive option after radical mutilating surgery in children with genitourinary rhabdomyosarcoma : When sparing the bladder an option?\nAnswer: The timing and extent of radical surgery for treatment of genitourinary rhabdomyosarcoma depend on the local anatomical conditions, and the response to previous chemo- and radiotherapy. Cystectomy followed by various reconstructive techniques still remains an important option in the local treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9ac8018ba91c415fae732c17de6497e7", "input": "Question: Does an ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca catheter technique impair ambulatory ability within a clinical pathway for total hip arthroplasty?\nAnswer: BMI affects postoperative ambulation outcome after hip arthroplasty, whereas the type of regional analgesic technique used does not. An ultrasound-guided FIC technique offers similar analgesia with fewer side effects when compared with ITM.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-322fd63e7ab14e198bfcab9d3d261194", "input": "Question: Do athletes Condition Inspired Air More Effectively than Nonathletes during Hyperpnea?\nAnswer: This study shows no evidence of improved capacity to condition inspired air in endurance athletes, which could have suggested an increased bronchial blood flow or another adaptive mechanism. The absence of an adaptive mechanism could therefore contribute to airway damage observed in athletes in allowing colder but mainly dryer air to penetrate deeper in the lung.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea76b0a154a047e69bb1fbbf7b2e8c2f", "input": "Question: Does antiretroviral therapy affect response to chronic hepatitis C therapy in HIV-coinfected patients?\nAnswer: The use of HAART does not influence the SVR of HCV under PEG-IFN and RBV therapy in HIV/HCV coinfected patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6efaecbb45b44b1ab199c973857e9fbc", "input": "Question: Do thyroid Function Variations Within the Reference Range Affect Quality of Life , Mood , or Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Men?\nAnswer: Variations in thyroid function within the age-adjusted laboratory reference range are not associated with variations in quality of life, mood, or cognitive function in community-dwelling older men.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e6042d570117476ebb48c25f8126ec90", "input": "Question: Is induction Chemotherapy Superior to a Surgery-First Strategy for Clinical N1 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer?\nAnswer: Induction chemotherapy for cN1 NSCLC is not associated with improved survival. This finding supports the currently recommended treatment paradigm of surgery first for cN1 NSCLC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-96938832289347869a905286224796f4", "input": "Question: Does pre-treatment with prednisolone improve the efficacy of subsequent alpha interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C?\nAnswer: Prednisolone administration and withdrawal induced a rebound in ALT activity and a decrease in HCV-RNA serum concentration in about one third of the patients with chronic hepatitis C. However, these changes did not enhance the effectiveness of subsequent alpha interferon therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-74c5bf0f4ab6434381eecdd020a41962", "input": "Question: Does resident participation in flexible sigmoidoscopy affect patient satisfaction?\nAnswer: Patient satisfaction and comfort with flexible sigmoidoscopy was not reduced by resident involvement, though the procedure duration was slightly longer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8e4c65e30d7427dbbd14dfd2aa89d14", "input": "Question: Is the modulation of B16BL6 melanoma metastasis directly mediated by cytolytic activity of natural killer cells in alcohol-consuming mice?\nAnswer: These data suggest that the presence of the beige mutation diminishes the antimetastatic effect of alcohol consumption and that there is no interaction between alcohol consumption and NK-cell activity in the modulation of lung metastasis of B16BL6 melanoma cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5bb417f5c6144770b59a5a2baecd1774", "input": "Question: Does high-frequency oscillatory ventilation decrease endothelin release in lung-lavaged rabbits?\nAnswer: This study suggests that HFO does not decrease ET-1 and ET-3 release compared to CMV in lung-lavaged rabbits. Hypoxemia, however, may increase ET-3 release from the lungs, leading to an increased intrapulmonary shunt.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e3184e26621423b81984b5c400eddf9", "input": "Question: Is manometry of the upper esophageal sphincter and pharynx useful in unselected patients referred for esophageal testing?\nAnswer: An unexpected UES/P finding resulted in a change in therapy in only six of the manometries. Barium esophagogram was diagnostic of the oropharyngeal abnormality in nearly two-thirds of the patients in whom it was clinically suspected. These data, along with limited therapeutic options, suggest limited usefulness for routine UES/P manometry.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b77edbb7ef034d6ab78727651b70eb93", "input": "Question: Are resting B cells antigen-presenting cells in the induction of oral tolerance of specific Th2 immune responses in mice?\nAnswer: Although resting small B cells aggregate in the mantle zone of follicles of intestinal Peyer's patches, the present data suggest that they are not antigen-presenting cells in the induction of oral tolerance of Th2 immune responses to oral antigens.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1db663749cd7450086d0ecc0694ada9a", "input": "Question: Is insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene associated with restenosis after coronary stent placement?\nAnswer: The ACE DD genotype or D allele does not influence the 1-year clinical and angiographic outcome of patients undergoing coronary stent placement. These data suggest that routine determination of the ACE genotype may not help identify patients who are at a higher risk of thrombotic and restenotic events after coronary stent placement.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bbd37b13045e403bab3ba61775a41fbf", "input": "Question: Are serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor levels increased in patients with autoimmune neutropenia of infancy?\nAnswer: G-CSF production in AIN is not increased despite the low neutrophil count, similar to thrombopoietin in immune thrombocytopenic purpura.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b6345bb3adb4ee7adb63e4455c1c90e", "input": "Question: Does liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin exacerbate endotoxin-induced lung injury?\nAnswer: In this specific model of endotoxin-induced lung injury, LEH does not exacerbate microvascular leakage and leukosequestration, the hallmarks of adult respiratory distress syndrome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-25673d29238345eb9bb714e74d7b4ed2", "input": "Question: Does 5 ' flanking region polymorphism of the gene encoding leukotriene C4 synthase correlate with the aspirin-intolerant asthma phenotype in the United States?\nAnswer: Our data demonstrate that the C-444 allele in the LTC4S gene is not statistically different among patients with the aspirin-intolerant asthmatic phenotype, patients with the aspirin-tolerant asthmatic phenotype, and unaffected control subjects in the United States. This finding, along with the lack of functionality of this polymorphism, suggest that it is not related to a specific asthma phenotype and may represent a population-stratified polymorphism within patients of eastern European descent.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e642254f254466d928eb2fb40f4dafd", "input": "Question: Is brain function rescue effect of lactate following hypoglycaemia an adaptation process in both normal and type I diabetic subjects?\nAnswer: A blood lactate increase after the development of hypoglycaemic symptoms reduces counterregulatory and symptomatic responses to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia and favours brain function rescue both in normal and diabetic subjects. These findings confirm that lactate is an alternative substrate to glucose for cerebral metabolism under hypoglycaemic conditions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d75e4db8da50469baa59af0396addbcc", "input": "Question: Do [ Diagnosis of depleted iron stores -- use s-iron ]?\nAnswer: S-iron should not be used in the diagnosis of depleted iron stores.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-39eea0c7875c4248bf58ec4b57b55432", "input": "Question: Are carotid stents a source of microemboli late after deployment?\nAnswer: Carotid stents seem to have a very low emboligenic potential after the early post-deployment period. This is a reassuring message for present and future patients harboring such stents.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e39ddfb21a149e8a771185775e43d32", "input": "Question: Is the C282Y mutation of the HFE gene found in Chinese haemochromatotic patients : multicentre retrospective study?\nAnswer: The classical form of human leukocyte antigen-linked hereditary haemochromatosis appears to be absent form this locality. The H63D mutation is found in a minority (9.8%) of the patients, in whom it may act synergistically with an erythropoietic factor.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab6b52a7e8764c0db8863d0e32baabf9", "input": "Question: Is lack of interleukin-6 expression protective against focal central nervous system ischemia?\nAnswer: In this study, infarct size and neurological function at 24 hours were not different in animals deficient in IL-6 after transient CNS ischemia. This suggests that IL-6 does not have a direct influence on acute ischemic injury. Further study investigating the role of IL-6 on long-term recovery after stroke is in progress.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b5a647d674c43e2854b7f35bf16b6ea", "input": "Question: Is elevation of only one rheumatoid factor isotype associated with increased prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis -- a population based study?\nAnswer: In contrast to a combined elevation of IgM and IgA RF, elevation of only one RF isotype may not be a significant risk factor for the development of RA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3097a88062604aa590b2b01b5958aa0f", "input": "Question: Does normalization of hematocrit in hemodialysis patients with cardiac disease increase blood pressure?\nAnswer: It is possible to increase hematocrit to normal levels in hemodialysis with the administration of Epoetin alfa. The increase in hematocrit from 30+/-3% to 42+/-3% is not associated with increased blood pressure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-efb12524252a4bc494a610fe553285eb", "input": "Question: Are synthetic antifibrinolytics associated with an increased incidence of baffle fenestration closure after the modified Fontan procedure?\nAnswer: Use of epsilon-aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid is not associated with early baffle fenestration closure after the modified Fontan procedure. It is concluded that these agents can be used without increasing the risk of spontaneous baffle fenestration closure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1009bd68da574c70af2d686874b41df4", "input": "Question: Do high-oxygen-transmissibility soft contact lenses induce limbal hyperaemia?\nAnswer: SCL wear induces a marked increase in limbal hyperaemia during open-eye wear, which is not seen either in the no lens situation or when EHD lenses are worn. The pattern of limbal hyperaemia for both the open and closed eyes during EHD lens wear is very similar to that for the no-lens situation. The mechanism whereby SCL induces excess limbal hyperaemia has not been absolutely established, but it may involve local hypoxia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a72ef08ee7234f98b58f9306b156abb3", "input": "Question: Does bolus administration of eltanolone , thiopental , or etomidate affect systemic vascular resistance during cardiopulmonary bypass?\nAnswer: The reason for the significant reduction of the arterial pressure attributed to anesthetic induction by eltanolone may be more a cardiodepressive effect than a direct vasodilation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-40ef1fd167f64a539bc4a0f057225c3e", "input": "Question: Does ultrasonographic assessment of amniotic fluid reflect actual amniotic fluid volume?\nAnswer: Both amniotic fluid index and two-dimension amniotic fluid pocket appear to be inaccurate predictors of actual oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios when compared with dye-dilution calculations of actual amniotic fluid volume.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cbaa871c63f443b0a7ff3ecee96016ff", "input": "Question: Do serum neuron-specific enolase levels increase after electroconvulsive therapy?\nAnswer: ECT did not increase serum NSE values, indicating that electroconvulsive therapy does not cause neuronal damage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-02c493844d504fb58cf85292d504135d", "input": "Question: Is better survival in women with resected hepatocellular carcinoma related to tumor proliferation or expression of hormone receptors?\nAnswer: Women with HCC had significantly better survival and lower tumor recurrence rates. However, significant differences in cellular proliferation indices and expression of ER and PR were not observed between men and women to explain the difference in survival rate.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fd22c7f2a2f24255bf8991fb6fc3bc3f", "input": "Question: Do distal hyperplastic polyps predict proximal adenomas : results from a multicentric study of colorectal adenomas?\nAnswer: Our data show that the presence of hyperplastic polyps should not be the sole indication for total colonoscopy because they are not associated with proximal adenomas when adjusting for patient characteristics and presence of distal adenomas.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3a04e55a2cab428fb1087e80325b2938", "input": "Question: Does aCE polymorphism determine short-term renal response to ACE-inhibition in proteinuric patients?\nAnswer: We conclude that in proteinuric patients the short-term responses to ACE inhibition of proteinuria, blood pressure, and renal haemodynamics are not determined by ACE genotype. Thus, ACE gene polymorphism does not account for the known interindividual variation in the short-term renal response to ACE inhibition.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2a0a5a20c19a4025adc76ee1a5028e1f", "input": "Question: Do growth hormone and glutamine stimulate intestinal adaptation following massive small bowel resection in the rat?\nAnswer: It is unlikely that the combination of glutamine and growth hormone will be of benefit in the treatment of patients with short bowel syndrome. The results in previous human studies can be alternatively explained by the long-term nonspecific effect of enteral nutrition on gut adaptation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-546baba4ad984457b261b877e18eaec8", "input": "Question: Is local interferon-alpha 2b an effective treatment in early-stage Peyronie 's disease?\nAnswer: IFN-alpha 2b, given according to our regimen, is not useful for the treatment of Peyronie's disease in the early stage since the disease progress continues at different sites in about 25% of the patients, and the side effects are untolerable. Our results also demonstrate that local therapy is not indicated in Peyronie's disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eaf94ad034b6457eaede41ba290f7c91", "input": "Question: Is planimetry of aortic valve area using multiplane transoesophageal echocardiography a reliable method for assessing severity of aortic stenosis?\nAnswer: Planimetry of aortic valve area by TOE is difficult and less accurate than the continuity equation for assessing the severity of aortic stenosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4d01bc6083746ee8cae51c1f65df4d2", "input": "Question: Does direction of injection affect the spread of spinal bupivacaine in parturients?\nAnswer: The direction of the aperture of the Whitacre needle does not influence the spread of hyperbaric bupivacaine in the term parturient.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-58fb2bf08087434a88c1d9f13fd8c062", "input": "Question: Does heating lyophilised factor VIII alter its recognition by specific antibodies?\nAnswer: Freeze-dried preparations of plasma-derived FVIII seem to be resistant to heat-induced structural denaturation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1bd472aec183475895aefa83651f0517", "input": "Question: Does lumbar facet joint tropism accelerate degeneration of the facet joints?\nAnswer: Age, spinal level, and overall facet joint angle are more important factors in facet joint degeneration than is tropism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ccc8205416c54d20b4dacde36013e603", "input": "Question: Does furosemide prevent indomethacin-induced renal side effects in preterm infants?\nAnswer: Our findings show that furosemide cannot prevent the indomethacin-induced renal failure, but it does not have any negative influence on its therapeutic effectiveness.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b76a7ce6209c4d6bbbe51cfd5d4b966b", "input": "Question: Is growth deficiency in polytransfused beta-thalassaemia patients growth hormone dependent?\nAnswer: The reduction of GH reserve, more frequently due to a hypothalamic than to a pituitary dysfunction, is frequent in polytransfused beta-thalassaemia patients, especially in males. The height function is not related to the GH reserve, given the current methods for testing GH reserve. Late start of s.c. chelating therapy as well as haemosiderosis seem to play a role in the height deficiency, but not in GH reserve. Impairment of GH secretory reserve, therefore, cannot be considered the main cause of height deficiency in these patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-529b1c2f5f2248a6ba6a1decc5398dfa", "input": "Question: Does lossy ( 15:1 ) JPEG compression of digital coronary angiograms limit detection of subtle morphological features?\nAnswer: The identification of dissections, thrombi, and coronary stents is not substantially impaired by the application of 15:1 lossy JPEG compression to digital coronary angiograms. These data suggest that digital angiographic images compressed in this manner are acceptable for clinical decision-making.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a4d7b598507c44b6ba966a595c25f438", "input": "Question: Do serum laminin P1 levels reflect critically elevated portal pressure in patients with liver cirrhosis?\nAnswer: The use of laminin P1 serum levels to diagnose critically elevated portal pressure in liver cirrhosis cannot be supported for etiologies other than alcoholic liver disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c12a7acc095249a4b863ce0821a54f04", "input": "Question: Does oral clonidine premedication alter the efficacy of simulated intravenous test dose containing low dose epinephrine in awake volunteers?\nAnswer: Oral clonidine does not alter the efficacy of epinephrine-containing test doses used for detecting intravascular injection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-31eb4620798a4f3fa663c335cbee95aa", "input": "Question: Is dehydroepiandrosterone treatment beneficial to the immune response to influenza in elderly subjects?\nAnswer: Although highly effective in aged rodents, a short course of DHEA treatment did not improve the age-related declined response to immunization against influenza in human subjects. Higher baseline DHEA-S levels are not predictive of better immunization against influenza in the elderly.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1fefb29dc99c47edab9dfdbe8b04c863", "input": "Question: Does worsening left ventricular performance on serial exercise radionuclide angiography identify high-risk patients?\nAnswer: Worsening exercise performance on serial exercise radionuclide angiography does not identify patients at increased risk of future cardiac events.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ae475ad8ef946beb0ea7637999c8230", "input": "Question: Does weight gain during pregnancy influence the spread of spinal analgesia in the term parturient?\nAnswer: In parturients, weight gain during pregnancy, height, weight and body-mass index did not influence the extent of sensory analgesia after subarachnoidal administration of plain bupivacaine.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-15f8e5524a8a4024878d1b19c6d7e0ea", "input": "Question: Does child temperament predict adolescent body composition in girls?\nAnswer: Although high activity temperament was associated cross-sectionally with lower percentage body fat and higher NREE, we did not find evidence to support our hypothesis that high child activity temperament would be protective for increased adiposity prospectively in our cohort of girls followed over the adolescent period.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-37000801149046e2916f92fcec4a7cd6", "input": "Question: Is total homocysteine a determinant of arterial pulse wave velocity in young healthy adults?\nAnswer: This study shows that arterial PWV is not associated with tHcy in a healthy young population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8f3c9a77913e4f8c9fc368b4cac97b0a", "input": "Question: Does reduction of treatment frequency and UVA dose substantially compromise the antipsoriatic effect of oral psoralen-UVA?\nAnswer: Reducing treatment frequency and UVA dose does not substantially compromise the therapeutic efficacy of PUVA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e4d3930f70cf4d5fa36832d4f106359d", "input": "Question: Is histological dating of timed endometrial biopsy tissue related to fertility status?\nAnswer: Histological dating of the endometrium does not discriminate between women of fertile and infertile couples and should not be used in the routine evaluation of infertility.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-333ec3ec1577474e9a69871b61c18677", "input": "Question: Is the presence of citrullinated proteins specific for rheumatoid synovial tissue?\nAnswer: The presence of citrullinated proteins in the inflamed synovium is not specific for RA, but rather, it may be an inflammation-associated phenomenon. The high specificity of the anti-citrullinated protein antibodies is, therefore, most likely the result of an abnormal humoral response to these proteins.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0b3fa8ac8a2347f78061ef582e91ef51", "input": "Question: Does flor-Essence herbal tonic inhibit mammary tumor development in Sprague Dawley rats?\nAnswer: Flor-Essence can promote mammary tumor development in the Sprague-Dawley rat model. This observation is contrary to widely available anecdotal evidence as well as the desire of the consumer that this commercially available herbal tonic will suppress and/or inhibit tumor growth.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6249b99ea4204385b34f31651e57ad73", "input": "Question: Does sequence of radiotherapy with tamoxifen in conservatively managed breast cancer affect local relapse rates?\nAnswer: Although the concurrent use of TAM with RT may theoretically render cancer cells less responsive to RT, this retrospective study suggests that in practical application, concurrent administration of TAM with RT does not compromise local control.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-be65fccdb94f494a8afba5f4d3539f35", "input": "Question: Do sentinel lymph node metastases detected by immunohistochemistry only mandate complete axillary lymph node dissection in breast cancer?\nAnswer: CALND could have been or was safely omitted in 29 of 29 patients with T1 or T2 primary tumors and metastases detected by IHC. Such patients should be counseled about this low risk before CALND is recommended.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-66269786a1d84f7e9e96d3579d4e862f", "input": "Question: Is multivitamin-mineral supplementation as efficacious as is iron supplementation in improving hemoglobin concentrations in nonpregnant anemic women living in Mexico?\nAnswer: MM supplements may not be as efficacious as is iron alone in improving the hemoglobin status of anemic women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e9566b3aa7f455f88dd19060605287f", "input": "Question: Does in vitro exposure of bacteria to antimicrobial impregnated-central venous catheters directly lead to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance?\nAnswer: Our in vitro data suggest that the exposure of Gram-positive cocci to either rifampin or minocycline can lead to the development of resistance. However, exposure of bacteria to these antibiotics in combination does not directly lead to resistance. Clinical investigations will be required to determine the true risk and implications of the development of resistance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-435b95fc6780457484dea633940cfbaa", "input": "Question: Is cephalic index a useful sonographic marker for trisomy 21 and trisomy 18?\nAnswer: In this retrospective study, CI was not found to be statistically different between the study and control groups. Although a trend towards significance was seen with T21, this difference is not clinically useful. There may be interethnic differences in the CI between fetuses. CI is not useful for aneuploidy screening by ultrasound.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-381c75988e584ff9a475174e04af6c8a", "input": "Question: Does surfactant replacement therapy on ECMO improve outcome in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia?\nAnswer: The data from this study suggest that surfactant replacement on ECMO for neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia does not provide significant benefit in the infant's clinical course with respect to survival, length of ECMO course, length of intubation, or subsequent need for supplemental oxygen.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fff850a9d8564dc1ae2c2b01b09ecb09", "input": "Question: Is a functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene associated with asthma and atopy in an Australian population?\nAnswer: Although the -765G>C polymorphism may have lower promoter activity and result in decreased COX-2 expression, it is not associated with asthma, disease severity, AIA or atopy in this Australian population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca889fabdbbb43c0b01f1af2d09a0d53", "input": "Question: Is transdermal posterior tibial nerve laser therapy effective in women with interstitial cystitis?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated no difference between the active and sham device. However, it is interesting that treatment and control cohorts experienced similar improvements, suggesting that the control cohort improvements may have been due to participants' belief that they were receiving active treatment from the stimulator. These findings provide support for investigating placebo effects in randomized trials.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4d31914c96b0497891accf96e84c36da", "input": "Question: Does prolonged stenting prevent obstruction after TIP repair when the glans was deeply incised?\nAnswer: Our data indicate that prolonged stenting does not give better results in those TIP repairs, in whom the urethral plate was incised across the rim of the neomeatus. The early excellent aspect of the glans after stent removal is often impaired by partial closure of the glans incision with a short-term change in size and position of the meatus. To prevent this, the rim of the meatus during reconstruction should be kept completely epithelialised.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-54faade304cb4175b7ab7e3dc273c377", "input": "Question: Do parent-child physical activity relationships in 12-year old French students depend on family socioeconomic status?\nAnswer: Parental involvement in sport is an important correlate of a young adolescent's participation in structured PA outside school, whatever the family SES or corpulence of the family members.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-127a9abb2b5b4607be61dfad04176076", "input": "Question: Does end-of-treatment virologic response predict relapse after lamivudine treatment for chronic hepatitis B?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that end-of-treatment virologic response cannot predict post-treatment relapse in patients with HBeAg-negative or -positive chronic hepatitis B. The impact of HBV genotype on the response to lamivudine treatment awaits further studies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e04efaf5e96c49769ada2468a4b49042", "input": "Question: Does radiation therapy impact local complication rates after free flap reconstruction for head and neck cancer?\nAnswer: Our experience suggests that XRT can be safely administered before or after surgery to patients undergoing head and neck free flap reconstruction at an experienced surgical referral center. Postoperative complication rates were not significantly affected by administration, timing, dose, or extent of XRT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9fa4ecec23f43ef88ddacde22621c37", "input": "Question: Are physical and biomechanical characteristics of rat cervical ripening consistent with increased collagenase activity?\nAnswer: The changes in physical properties of the rat cervix during physiologic ripening are similar to those induced by PGE(2) and RU486, and consist of increased extensibility, compliance, and strength. These changes cannot be attributed to increased collagenase activity, which would decrease tissue compliance and strength.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cd950d1665624769acd0a6774d2a7d25", "input": "Question: Do apolipoprotein E promoter polymorphisms have a major influence on the risk of developing primary open angle glaucoma?\nAnswer: Apolipoprotein E promoter polymorphisms are unlikely to have a major impact on the pathophysiology of primary open angle glaucoma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8459a251ab34e2c8737304ee14bbeb6", "input": "Question: Do all aggressive lymphoma subtypes share similar outcome after front-line autotransplantation : a matched-control analysis by the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte ( GELA )?\nAnswer: This cohort study confirms the high efficacy of front-line ASCT in responding aggressive B-NHL patients with adverse prognostic factors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-777e92516c1c4aa19c10cbf77fa410b3", "input": "Question: Are shorter hospital stay associated with fastrack postoperative care pathways and laparoscopic intestinal resection associated with increased physical activity?\nAnswer: Although CA is an easily standardized method of evaluating physical activity after major abdominal surgery, no difference can be demonstrated between activity levels in patients managed by differing care pathways. Reductions in stay may be associated with factors other than a change in the level of physical activity after surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a71f851d63a40b7b75cba6a4d72c020", "input": "Question: Does the functional angiotensin converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism alter susceptibility to chronic pancreatitis?\nAnswer: We conclude that the ACE deletion genotype does not make a significant contribution to the pathogenesis and the progression of chronic pancreatitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6551d112df0f41f186d3884ed72695ad", "input": "Question: Does older age influence CD4 cell recovery in HIV-1 infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy?\nAnswer: Although older subjects present a more severe HIV infection, they can achieve, under HAART, the same viro-immunological success as the younger individuals.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c080af7936bb4228b52065a3a6bbc178", "input": "Question: Are saphenofemoral venous channels associated with recurrent varicose veins neovascular?\nAnswer: We found little evidence of neovascularisation associated with recurrent varicose veins in the saphenofemoral region. The venous channels that develop at the previously ligated SFJ may represent adaptive dilatation of pre-existing venous channels (vascular remodelling), probably in response to abnormal haemodynamic forces.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9eb10e230827491c9c9daf7b124db194", "input": "Question: Are pulsatile wall motion ( PWM ) measurements after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm exclusion useful in the classification of endoleak?\nAnswer: PWM is permanently reduced after endografting. The smallest reduction in PWM was in patients with type II endoleaks. However, the overlap between the groups does not allow reliable identification of patients having endoleak with PWM-measurements.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-762305adaad54515850a379c595b83f1", "input": "Question: Do females have more injury road accidents on Friday the 13th?\nAnswer: There is no consistent evidence for females having more road traffic crashes on Fridays the 13th, based on deaths or road accident statistics. However, this does not imply a non-existent effect of superstition related anxiety on accident risk as no exposure-to-risk data are available. People who are anxious of \"Black Friday\" may stay home, or at least avoid driving a car.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4cdcbfc2698a48f4be86fd5954bdc024", "input": "Question: Is alcohol intake associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis?\nAnswer: Alcohol intake does not appear to be inversely related to subclinical CAC, implying that previous observations of a protective effect of alcohol on clinical CAD may involve factors related to plaque stability rather than atherogenesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-06d00a20e7c84ed695d12799a8832553", "input": "Question: Does knee ligament behavior following a controlled loading protocol differ by menstrual cycle day?\nAnswer: Following a controlled, static external load, displacement and stiffness were not affected differently by day of the menstrual cycle.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e1f8a3f278784fc8ae258ac34a17d20b", "input": "Question: Is race a predictor of prostate cancer detection on repeat prostate biopsy?\nAnswer: Race is not a predictor of prostate cancer detection in men undergoing repeat prostate biopsies. With the exception of HGPIN, all other clinical parameters were similar between black and white men. Serum PSA, PSA velocity, HGPIN and ASAP were found to be significant predictors of subsequent prostate cancer detection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b1355861e0fa412aa0b3e16bd0d59997", "input": "Question: Does previous thoracic surgery increase peri-operative mortality in pediatric heart-lung transplant recipients?\nAnswer: We conclude that previous thoracic surgery in HLT recipients does not significantly increase blood product transfusion, cardiopulmonary bypass time or peri-operative mortality.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aeb6c0f831154e8f891eeae70b55eb42", "input": "Question: Is aPC genotype a prognostic factor in familial adenomatous polyposis patients with colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: These data do not support the hypothesis that APC mutation may influence the outcome of familial adenomatous polyposis cases affected by colorectal cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9aff137e05c5413fbe019f91dc5d18d9", "input": "Question: Do apolipoprotein E genotypes influence the age of onset in Huntington 's disease?\nAnswer: The ApoE genotype does not affect the course of HD significantly.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f49dfda5c29d45e7b105bfc4c1a41451", "input": "Question: Are single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the SPARC gene associated with susceptibility to scleroderma?\nAnswer: SNPs in the SPARC gene are not associated with susceptibility to scleroderma. This research adds to the genetic knowledge of the SPARC gene by identifying five novel SNPs spanning the whole gene and inserting these within the context of clearly defined haplotypes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b4d3ea54d5a46cfb8efc6feaf083f66", "input": "Question: Does cannulation of a resistant internal os with the malleable outer sheath of a coaxial soft embryo transfer catheter affect in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer outcome?\nAnswer: Cannulation of a resistant internal os by the malleable outer sheath and blood on the transfer catheter after ET do not have an adverse effect on implantation rate or clinical pregnancy rate.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-06a18b66166a483dab04cb8c04e8225b", "input": "Question: Does simultaneous administration of vardenafil and tamsulosin induce clinically significant hypotension in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia?\nAnswer: In this study, no evidence was found that coadministered vardenafil and tamsulosin induced clinically significant hypotension in patients with BPH.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-169bdb2cf62f41f293b6574951f6d575", "input": "Question: Are cycloid psychoses part of a bipolar affective spectrum : results of a controlled family study?\nAnswer: Our time-consuming methodical procedure implicated a relatively small number of participants due to restricted personnel resources. The restriction to hospitalised probands could possibly cause a limited representativity of the study sample.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-667a8cb8374040cc99da92465613c1e0", "input": "Question: Are antiplatelet effects of a 600 mg loading dose of clopidogrel attenuated in patients receiving atorvastatin or simvastatin for at least 4 weeks prior to coronary artery stenting?\nAnswer: The antiplatelet effect of a high, 600 mg loading dose of clopidogrel is not diminished in patients receiving atorvastatin and simvastatin for at least 4 weeks prior to coronary stenting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8788ac822d746468a0d01e4a4321851", "input": "Question: Do mDR1 haplotypes derived from exons 21 and 26 affect the steady-state pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in renal transplant patients?\nAnswer: MDR1 haplotypes derived from the SNPs 2677G > T (exon 21) and 3435C > T (exon 26) do not influence the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in renal transplant patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2bc2155d372640bb8b376e529b0fd0b2", "input": "Question: Does angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism alter sepsis outcome in ventilated very low birth weight infants?\nAnswer: The ACE I/D polymorphism does not have a significant effect on the incidence or outcome of sepsis in ventilated VLBW infants.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0dbc15250c844df49eb987f1b64cec51", "input": "Question: Does sympathetic nerve activity reduce proprioceptive acuity in humans?\nAnswer: The present findings contradict previous reports from animal studies and the hypothesis that sympathetic nerve activity reduces proprioceptive acuity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0926073f16b64f4399c1732ec9c4b9a5", "input": "Question: Does hormone replacement therapy affect 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in healthy non-smoking postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: The findings from this prospective treatment study support the conclusion that HRT has no significant effect on daytime or night-time blood pressure in a sample of healthy, non-smoking postmenopausal women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-abadf5c02e5f43939d2412d5dd50e969", "input": "Question: Is latent inhibition in 35-day-old rats an `` adult '' latent inhibition : implications for neurodevelopmental models of schizophrenia?\nAnswer: The results point to functionality within brain systems regulating LI acquisition but not those regulating LI expression in periadolescent rats, further suggesting that postpubertal maturation of the latter systems may underlie schizophrenia-mimicking LI disruption reported in adult rats following perinatal manipulations and possibly disrupted LI observed in schizophrenia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e581e622460443858dc1d0a51f7a71ed", "input": "Question: Does acute tryptophan depletion change somatosensory evoked magnetic fields?\nAnswer: Serotonin does not affect stimuli processing in the primary somatosensory cortex.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9add22a6f60d4b249fcec7fd01fc44ba", "input": "Question: Do adenomas at resection margins influence the long-term development of pouch polyps after restorative proctocolectomy for familial adenomatous polyposis?\nAnswer: Incidence of pouch adenomas was low. There was no correlation between adenomas in the resection margins and the development of pouch adenomas.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ee4876c8bf114317aa2bd1ecf73e0211", "input": "Question: Is routine chest roentgenogram after central venous catheter insertion always necessary?\nAnswer: The results suggest that routine chest radiology after the insertion of a central venous catheter is not always necessary and that it should be ordered selectively, according to the findings made during the procedure and the subjective degree of difficulty.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bae0e3d1a39c4302b0f19d41514bdb83", "input": "Question: Is efficiency of calcium absorption compromised in clinically stable prepubertal and pubertal girls with cystic fibrosis?\nAnswer: The efficiency of calcium absorption was not compromised in clinically stable girls with CF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce13aa7f3d4d471b8b4024a17319cdb7", "input": "Question: Does combination therapy with hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone improve symptoms in chronic fatigue syndrome : a randomized , placebo-controlled , double-blind , crossover study?\nAnswer: Low-dose combination therapy of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone was not effective in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ad5335fb3eb430cbfad0db9a5265ddf", "input": "Question: Do hypoxia and reoxygenation upregulate adhesion molecules and natural killer cell adhesion on human endothelial cells in vitro?\nAnswer: Both the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules and rolling NK cell adhesion was upregulated by TNF-alpha but not by hypoxia alone or hypoxia followed by reoxygenation supporting the view that anti-inflammatory treatment may reduce ischemia/reperfusion injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4280aa25b3e54b03ade8580c2e1ed593", "input": "Question: Do the diameters of the human retinal branch vessels change in darkness?\nAnswer: The small changes of retinal branch vessel diameters under different light conditions probably have little influence on the possible changes of retinal blood flow in healthy subjects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cb6e5eb37f874af38dba233b95acb9ec", "input": "Question: Are barrier contraceptive method acceptability and choice reliable indicators of use?\nAnswer: The lack of association among assessments of acceptability, choice, satisfaction, and use suggests a need to reframe how product acceptability is evaluated in prevention research so it is more predictive of method use.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8424a63cd1eb4d0b9b7a58c1ab5e8201", "input": "Question: Are chlamydia trachomatis , herpes simplex virus 2 , and human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type 1 associated with grade of cervical neoplasia in Jamaican colposcopy patients?\nAnswer: HTLV-I, C trachomatis, and/or HSV-2 were not associated with severity of cervical neoplasia in Jamaican women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-abfc00bc06b44a7ba8c77c55783a9aa9", "input": "Question: Are increased resistin blood levels associated with insulin resistance in patients with renal disease?\nAnswer: Resistin blood concentrations increase with progressive impairment of renal function. Thus, the kidney seems to be an important site of resistin elimination. However, the greater than 5-fold increase in resistin blood levels apparently is not associated with deterioration in insulin sensitivity in patients with renal disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ac33240e3a64d1baa22b46d9a05d2eb", "input": "Question: Are cognitive functions affected by dietary fatty acids in elderly subjects in the Pro.V.A . study population?\nAnswer: In free-living elderly subjects, moderate to severe cognitive impairment is not associated with dietary fatty acids.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b5b5b53ef1664825bf6ea40b019079e6", "input": "Question: Is combined effects of cyclosporin and nifedipine on gingival overgrowth in rats age dependent?\nAnswer: These results suggest that the combined effects of cyclosporin A and nifedipine on gingival overgrowth in rat is not age dependent.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b479b76e25f8419cbf262080ef4ad1fd", "input": "Question: Does repeated exposure to blue light improve psoriasis?\nAnswer: Repeated exposure to blue light did not improve psoriasis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eb4cfc2ade2645bfbfc55360f1d175cf", "input": "Question: Does oligofructose affect the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus induced by dietary proteins in the diabetes-prone BB rat model?\nAnswer: In the BB rat model, 5% OF in the diet did not have any protective effects against diet-induced T1DM. The present data do not suggest dietary OF as a promising approach for the dietary prevention of T1DM.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c341a77a824843ceb852ecdc0d8ea45b", "input": "Question: Does the use of 0.25 % zinc pyrithione spray enhance the efficacy of clobetasol propionate 0.05 % foam in the treatment of psoriasis?\nAnswer: Zinc pyrithione spray does not appear to enhance the efficacy of clobetasol propionate foam after 2 weeks of therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a630fd65b8124a9084957521fb1c8729", "input": "Question: Are vitamin D receptor genotypes associated with rheumatoid arthritis or biochemical parameters of bone turnover in German RA patients?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that VDR polymorphisms do not play a major role in RA predisposition in Germans.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a497299e15e84712a17a05d25cb918ba", "input": "Question: Is a biologically important single nucleotide polymorphism within the toll-like receptor-4 gene associated with rheumatoid arthritis?\nAnswer: The TLR-4 +896 polymorphism does not appear to influence susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-68cd51ebbd0548378ba6b01d2c726c11", "input": "Question: Does the disconnected brain stem support rapid eye movement sleep rebound following selective deprivation?\nAnswer: Rebound in rapid eye movement sleep after deprivation cannot be sustained by the brain stem alone; in contrast, rapid eye movement sleep pressure persisted in the decerebrate cat, demonstrating that this process does not depend on descending forebrain influences. This indicates that rebound and pressure are 2 different components of the recovery process after rapid eye movement sleep deprivation and that, as such, are likely controlled by different mechanisms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e08038134b734b2a991d3d281da58ab7", "input": "Question: Does the number of injections influence local anesthetic absorption after paravertebral blockade?\nAnswer: The injection of a single large bolus of local anesthetics into the paravertebral space does not increase its absorption. Maximal ropivacaine plasma concentrations resulting from paravertebral blockade are similar to those reported with equivalent doses of bupivacaine.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d037824374144edbac4a0dea24186b45", "input": "Question: Is early reduction in number of T cells producing proinflammatory cytokines , observed after extracorporeal photopheresis , linked to apoptosis induction?\nAnswer: Since proinflammatory cytokines play a major role in the pathology of GvHD, their down-regulation post-ECP may produce a direct clinical benefit. The lowest number of IL2-, IFNgamma- and TNFalpha-expressing T cells occurred within the apoptotic population; however, Annexin V-negative T cells also demonstrated a marked reduction post-ECP. However, the lack of an increase in IL4 and IL10 expression indicates that this process was not a consequence of skewing toward a Th2 cytokine profile.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d16953eab6f648298aa45de5e41d4960", "input": "Question: Does heliox affect gas exchange during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation if tidal volume is held constant?\nAnswer: We conclude that if tidal volume delivery is maintained constant, heliox does not alter gas exchange when compared with oxygen-enriched air. However, to achieve the same tidal volume delivery, a lower oscillation amplitude is required with heliox. The clinical benefit of heliox administration during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation has yet to be determined. Possible advantages of heliox include improved ventilation of larger patients when approaching the power limitations of the Sensormedics 3100A oscillator and a potential reduction in the oscillation amplitude delivered to the more proximal gas exchange units.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e7992b01406e4f26849321d777e67cb5", "input": "Question: Are the superior results of living-donor renal transplantation completely caused by selection or short cold ischemia time : a single-center , multivariate analysis?\nAnswer: The superior results of LD versus PMD transplantations can be partly explained by the dichotomy in the cold ischemia period in these populations (selection). However, after adjustment for cold ischemia periods, the influence of donor origin still remained significant, independent of any of the variables introduced. This superiority is possibly caused by factors inherent to the transplanted organ itself, for example, the absence of brain death and cardiovascular instability of the donor before nephrectomy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-75e89042a88f48e0ad7221ba300cbbbe", "input": "Question: Is maternal and fetal outcomes if gestational impaired glucose tolerance treated?\nAnswer: There is increased independent association between cesarean section rate, prematurity, LGA, and macrosomic infants born to mothers with untreated IGT. Most of the children were healthy, but there is still increased morbidity. Therefore, to evaluate the effects of treatment, there is a need for a randomized study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce7a468b95bd4c0e834e15159aff1603", "input": "Question: Is use of antibiotics associated with decreased risk of myocardial infarction among patients with diabetes?\nAnswer: Our study does not support the hypothesis that use of antibiotics has a protective effect for prevention of coronary heart disease in diabetic patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a4a605371f994d35b0c0b51f5ba87845", "input": "Question: Does chronic exposure to nicotine prevent neurocognitive decline after cardiac surgery?\nAnswer: This study confirmed previous findings that age, baseline cognitive function, years of education, and impaired left ventricular function are independent predictors of neurocognitive decline at 6 weeks after CABG surgery. Smoking is neither preventive nor causative of cognitive decline after CABG surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b8662bb2cfec41998cf1a1904e05891a", "input": "Question: Is the prohibitin 3 ' untranslated region polymorphism associated with risk of ovarian cancer?\nAnswer: The prohibitin T variant does not appear to be associated with risk of ovarian cancer in Australian women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2744db86e8874e3bac314f69a8ca8e8b", "input": "Question: Is ischemic preconditioning cardioprotective in senescent human myocardium?\nAnswer: Our data indicate that ischemic preconditioning has no beneficial effect on the postischemic functional recovery of senescent human myocardium.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d332221c5e04cd795d51922925d6bf2", "input": "Question: Are dNA variants in the ATM gene associated with sporadic rectal cancer in a Norwegian population-based study?\nAnswer: No associations were found between the IVS38-8 T/C, 5557 G/A and 5558 A/T polymorphisms and microhaplotypes in the ATM gene with respect to sporadic rectal cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6f530af5820441b2b2867e7f7b75044c", "input": "Question: Does expression of HER2/neu correlate with survival in soft tissue sarcoma?\nAnswer: HER2/neu expression does not correlate with prognosis of soft tissue sarcomas. Its evaluation for tumor prognosis as well as for the identification for adjuvant therapeutic strategies does not appear warranted at this point.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-efe0ecf23ec14ca893fb20e6bf89d11c", "input": "Question: Does recognition memory for unfamiliar faces differ for adult normal and dyslexic readers : an event-related brain potential study?\nAnswer: These results show that a previously described recognition memory deficit for words in dyslexic readers is likely to be specific for verbal material.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-36db495cdafe4f33bced4274d7f5ed67", "input": "Question: Does induction of thymidine phosphorylase expression by Taxol enhance Furtulon sensitivity in a cisplatin-resistant human ovarian carcinoma cell line?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that lower expression of TP is not a critical determinant in the development of resistance to Furtulon in the cisplatin-resistant human ovarian carcinoma cell line, KFr13. The clinical relevance of these observation remains to be established.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dcc3abc9a9da4e99b213ed1c887b252f", "input": "Question: Does chest wall recurrence after mastectomy always portend a dismal outcome?\nAnswer: Patients with CWR are a heterogeneous population. Patients with initial node-negative disease who develop CWR after 24 months have an optimistic prognosis, especially if they are treated with radiation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6e8409dc27034b74a6372d573be8eed2", "input": "Question: Do why social workers implement decisions to remove children at risk from home?\nAnswer: Further study is required to examine the generalizability of these findings to other countries, to understand better the reasons for the non-implementation, and to follow-up on the consequences of the non-implementation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-71ea248ca2f94e0da1b2d5baa281434d", "input": "Question: Are protective effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine and platelet activating factor inhibition linked to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats?\nAnswer: The protective effect of NAC and the PAF inhibitor Lexipafant in intestinal I/R injury is not due to a decreased expression of ICAM-1.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ab46c589d7c4728a7556a8444e5637e", "input": "Question: Does daily weight-bearing activity increase the risk of diabetic foot ulcers?\nAnswer: Increased weight-bearing activity did not increase the risk of foot re-ulceration. Further studies are needed to explore weight-bearing activities that are safe for those with diabetes and insensate feet.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-acc263f684ec45429f1716fe16736de8", "input": "Question: Does propofol induce pulmonary dysfunction in stressed endotoxic pigs receiving Intralipid?\nAnswer: Small doses of endotoxin, when given to pigs, induce major perturbations of cardiopulmonary function. Neither Intralipid, high vs. low dose, nor diisopropyl phenol, at sedating vs. anesthetizing doses, worsened the physiologic derangement associated with the stress of low-dose endotoxemia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5d1be91cf43415fbf043fc99dce2e44", "input": "Question: Are pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of melagatran , the active form of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran , influenced by acetylsalicylic acid?\nAnswer: In young healthy volunteers, ASA had no effect on the PK or PD properties of melagatran at the studied dose. That the combination of ximelagatran with ASA may be used with acceptable safety must be verified in the relevant patient populations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a31cedad28374729865fe10c49a7b438", "input": "Question: Is pFAPA syndrome a sporadic disease?\nAnswer: These data show that a significant percentage of PFAPA patients present a positive FH of recurrent fever and PFAPA. This familial susceptibility suggests a potential genetic origin for this syndrome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3600ccc29ebc43d0af1aec2450b91923", "input": "Question: Does super-high-dose methylprednisolone improve efficacy or induce glucocorticoid resistance in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis?\nAnswer: This study indicates that the GR\u03b1/GR\u03b2 ratio is associated with GC sensitivity, and SRp30c may play an important role in promoting alternative splicing of GR pre-mRNA to generate GR\u03b2 in EAE rats. Compared with low-dose MP, SHD MP does not improve efficacy or induce GC resistance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-211786086d964087a6297551e0da18c2", "input": "Question: Does failure of enema reduction for ileocolic intussusception at a referring hospital preclude repeat attempts at a children 's hospital?\nAnswer: Children who are transferred to a CH after failed enema reduction elsewhere should undergo a repeat hydrostatic or pneumatic enema reduction in the absence of other contraindications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-650148bb5c564cef8e90ac43dacda40e", "input": "Question: Are ten common genetic variants associated with colorectal cancer risk associated with survival after diagnosis?\nAnswer: We conclude that none of the 10 common genetic variants thus far shown to be associated with CRC risk are associated with survival from CRC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-80a6e1ef6e3d4e018c38e6f919c584bf", "input": "Question: Does the PediaSat continuous central SvO2 monitoring system reliably indicate state or course of central venous oxygenation?\nAnswer: In paediatric and adolescent patients undergoing major surgery, the PediaSat system did not reliably reflect SCO-OXcvO2 values and cannot replace repeated invasive ScvO2 assessments in the clinically relevant range of ScvO2.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4282ef892104e89b6a2ad1003f6a23f", "input": "Question: Are alcohol interventions for trauma patients just for adults : justification for brief interventions for the injured adolescent at a pediatric trauma center?\nAnswer: Injured youth admitted to a pediatric trauma center are a high-risk population. Alcohol misuse is a significant cofactor for trauma for these patients, and effective developmentally appropriate interventions are justified and needed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-41e41740f93c461bb695b5434e65a7dd", "input": "Question: Are beta defensin-1 gene ( DEFB1 ) polymorphisms associated with atopic dermatitis in children and adolescents from northeast Brazil ( Recife , Pernambuco )?\nAnswer: Our results seem to exclude a role for the -44 C/G DEFB1 SNPs on the pathogenesis and severity of AD, while for the -20 C/G and -52 G/A, even if not statistically significant, we evidenced a slight trend for susceptibility (-20 GG) and protection (-52 GG) for the development of AD. However, as controversial findings have been reported in the literature, the role of DEFB1 in the development of AD and in the severity of the phenotype deserves further investigation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-57518fa6b9e54369b33b870038929194", "input": "Question: Are sex-specific associations between cortisol and birth weight in pregnancies complicated by asthma due to differential glucocorticoid receptor expression?\nAnswer: The sex-specific associations between cortisol and birth weight observed in pregnancies with asthma are not due to altered GR expression; however, they may be due to differential glucocorticoid sensitivity via preferential transcription of GR isoforms or post-translational modifications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b528a11d1fbf4d64b80c3f88d8c7d547", "input": "Question: Does abrogation of early apoptosis alter late inhibition of hippocampal neurogenesis after irradiation?\nAnswer: Early apoptotic death of neural progenitors, endothelial cells, or both does not have a causative association with late inhibition of neurogenesis after irradiation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f527cfc0b2c74feda25ac58d8e2fe116", "input": "Question: Does pregnancy accelerate biological valve degeneration?\nAnswer: Pregnancy does not accelerate the risk for replacement of a biological heart valve prosthesis. Pregnancy in women with biological heart valves can be carried out without increased morbidity related to the implanted valve.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-131ccba935154e1a8ac6ebed63eae84c", "input": "Question: Does surfactant administration for neonatal respiratory distress improve lung interstitial fluid clearance : echographic and experimental evidence?\nAnswer: Data from ultrasound in preterm babies are confirmed by animal experiments.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca628c765d0240c6aa112dea4c54dbf6", "input": "Question: Does recent consumption of a large meal affect measurements of lung function?\nAnswer: Common measures of lung function are not affected by the prior consumption of a large meal and it is unnecessary to advise patients to avoid a large meal prior to lung function assessment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-94e5c5abb9fd4dcfac38cb1b65f78736", "input": "Question: Is preoperative peritonsillar lornoxicam infiltration superior to intravenous lornoxicam for pain relief following tonsillectomy in adults?\nAnswer: Peritonsillar infiltration or i.v. lornoxicam enhanced postoperative analgesia after tonsillectomy in adults. However, the analgesic efficacy of locally applied lornoxicam is not superior to the i.v. administration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-db3c04ea4b4e408eba2f463e932ab572", "input": "Question: Does extent of small bowel resection influence the magnitude of intestinal adaptation in the mouse?\nAnswer: Models of resection greater than 50% in mice result in greater morbidity and mortality and do not magnify the adaptation response to massive SBR. The use of more extreme resection models does not appear to provide added benefit for investigating mechanisms of intestinal adaptation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-90855bb2cd634a55b5f54091d2957a8d", "input": "Question: Are amino acid substitutions of hepatitis C virus core protein associated with intracellular antiviral response to interferon-\u03b1 in vitro?\nAnswer: Antiviral activities were enhanced by HCV core transduction, but they were not associated with the HCV core aa70 and/or aa91 substitutions by in vitro analysis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0791530fe1845f69fe10b2a8bc75872", "input": "Question: Are single anti-P ribosomal antibodies associated with lupus nephritis in patients suffering from active systemic lupus erythematosus?\nAnswer: There was no association between anti-P ribosomal antibodies and LN but anti-P ribosomal antibodies coexisting with anti-dsDNA antibodies was associated with LN, thereby suggesting that the coexistence of two antibodies is nephritogenic to a greater extent. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the coexistence of kidney-specific antibodies in SLE to determine the biological nature of LN.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0a2bfb35220743529d9e4cf5cde818f3", "input": "Question: Is breastfeeding associated with left cardiac structures and blood pressure during the first two years of life . The Generation R Study?\nAnswer: Our results do not support the hypothesis that early postnatal cardiovascular adaptations underlie the previously shown associations between breastfeeding and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Further studies are needed to investigate whether and at what age the associations appear.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bdfe9d61e2a84522a784da064e1a779f", "input": "Question: Does a design modification to minimize tilting of an inferior vena cava filter deliver a clinical benefit?\nAnswer: Overall, tilt angle at insertion did not differ between the modified and standard filters, although more modified filters displayed self-centering. There was no difference between the groups in retrieval failure due to excess tilting. Despite its greater tendency to self-center, we did not recognize a measurable clinical advantage of the modified filter.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-61ff8707261e4a698445e541dd28b4b0", "input": "Question: Does inhibition of mTOR with sirolimus attenuate progression of liver and kidney disease in PCK rats?\nAnswer: Sirolimus failed to attenuate progression of kidney and liver disease in PCK rats. The lack of a protective effect might be due to intrinsic or acquired rapamycin resistance in this animal model of ARPKD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4367cd94f4564992834695199fe70e1c", "input": "Question: Are epstein-Barr virus and human herpes virus-8 associated with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma?\nAnswer: Angiofibroma does not appear to be associated with either HHV-8 or EBV, thereby excluding these viruses as potential etiologic agents. The lack of a correlation between the proliferative index and the age of the patient suggests the proposed puberty induced, testosterone-dependent tumor growth may not play a significant role in tumor development.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4353c0a3b0ba4488bbb714050271ed28", "input": "Question: Do repeated intrauterine IgG infusions in foetal alloimmune thrombocytopenia increase foetal platelet counts?\nAnswer: Our retrospective study presents a unique analysis of a historical cohort, contributing to the ongoing debate about the treatment of choice for foetal alloimmune thrombocytopenia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e43790f0564c45cdb43bb0f5476f878c", "input": "Question: Does robot-assisted gastrojejunal anastomosis improve the results of the laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass?\nAnswer: Although safe and intuitive, the robotic approach was burdened by a longer operative time and higher equipment costs. Moreover, it did not seem to provide a real advantage over standard laparoscopy in terms of hospital length of stay and complications rates.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5221eb7819f74df1a8d2f0f2fbe4a0bf", "input": "Question: Is pyridoxine effective to prevent hand-foot syndrome associated with capecitabine therapy : results of a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study?\nAnswer: Pyridoxine is not effective in prevention of capecitabine-associated HFS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0be79219295e4ed399a5568131748c14", "input": "Question: Does thymidylate synthase mRNA expression predict resistance to floxuridine in a choriocarcinoma cell line?\nAnswer: We successfully established an FUDR-resistant human choriocarcinoma sub-line and found that the expression of TS mRNA in FUDR-resistant JeG-3 cells was related to the concentration and phase of FUDR exposure. These data suggest that TS mRNA levels would be of limited use as biomarkers for the prediction of chemoresistance to FUDR-based chemotherapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-833caf81d50a4159bdebc82f2ee4ecfa", "input": "Question: Are the determination of total testosterone and free testosterone ( RIA ) applicable to the evaluation of gonadal function in HIV-infected males?\nAnswer: TT and FT (RIA) are not useful in the differential diagnosis of hypogonadism in HIV-infected males. There is a significant prevalence of hypogonadism in HIV-infected males, with the patient's age and duration of the disease being the only identifiable risk factors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4698838f4b344db384ad1d86ada810a6", "input": "Question: Is preoperative prolonged steroid use associated with intraoperative blood transfusion in noncardiac surgical patients?\nAnswer: The effect of prolonged steroid use on bleeding, if any, thus seems likely to be small and is probably of limited clinical consequence. In contrast, corticosteroid use augments the risk of both systemic and wound infections.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-85ea5f5f2b984421a1ebde898def965c", "input": "Question: Does high expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in EV71-infected patients originate from EV71-infected cells?\nAnswer: Our data reveal that EV71 infection of four human cell lines induced VEGF mRNA expression but did not induce VEGF protein expression in the infected cells. Therefore, the increased VEGF protein expression in EV71-infected patients may be due to the influence of surrounding non-infected cells following stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines secreted from the infected cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ddd88d890a704109843841d2f2859679", "input": "Question: Do common vaccinations among adults increase the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis : results from the Swedish EIRA study?\nAnswer: In this case-control study of incident cases of newly diagnosed RA, no increased risk of RA following immunisation was observed for vaccinations overall or for any specific vaccination. This indicates that immunological provocation of adults with commonly used vaccines in their present form carries no risk of RA. These findings should be implemented among public healthcare providers in order to encourage vaccinations according to recommended national vaccination schedules.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0d6f7c31017447db883d6a7cc8904b0", "input": "Question: Are results of concomitant rotator cuff and SLAP repair affected by unhealed SLAP lesion?\nAnswer: An unhealed SLAP lesion did not preclude the successful outcome of concomitant rotator cuff repair. Therefore, repair of a concomitant SLAP lesion may not be an essential procedure for a successful outcome of a rotator cuff repair.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b15f3906a5cc4e8f9bbbf040de589bc8", "input": "Question: Does stopcock lumen contamination reflect the full burden of bacterial intravenous tubing contamination : analysis using a novel injection port?\nAnswer: Effluent culture is a more sensitive marker of IV fluid system contamination than injection port lumen culture. A novel protective device on the stopcock (Port Guide) significantly reduced IV fluid system bacterial contamination.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-78924d879b9e453ab34853640bab4e49", "input": "Question: Does blood withdrawn through a cannula valve connector result in clinically significant haemolysis?\nAnswer: The attachment of a cannula connector valve to a peripheral cannula prior to blood sampling is not associated with an increase in the rate of haemolysis or hyperkalaemia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-943ef74c35f54c1b8dfd937d29c1899e", "input": "Question: Do troponin I and NT-proBNP ( N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide ) predict 6-month mortality in frail older patients undergoing orthopedic surgery?\nAnswer: Troponin I and NT-proBNP were not predictors of 6-month mortality or cardiac events in an older frailer population of patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. These patients sustained substantial cardiac morbidity and mortality at 6 months after surgery. The control of symptoms, rather than prolongation of life with cardiological intervention, may be more appropriate for this patient group.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8dc86b467c924c27b804139515bf65d4", "input": "Question: Is socioeconomic status inversely associated with overweight in preschool children?\nAnswer: The inverse association between socioeconomic status and childhood overweight presumably emerges after age 3 years. Before this age, the gradient may be the reverse.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-81ffe343d46148eeabd3583b65343dbe", "input": "Question: Does surgical approach affect perioperative respiratory morbidity in living donor nephrectomy : comparison between anterior subcostal incision and flank incision?\nAnswer: Living donor nephrectomy through either a flank incision or an anterior subcostal incision showed similar degrees of postoperative pain, decreased lung function, and pulmonary complications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-06ee77dd463846f7b7c306d778e2c761", "input": "Question: Are high transfusion ratios associated with increased complication rates in patients with severe extremity injuries?\nAnswer: Extremity injured patients receiving MT may benefit from high transfusion ratios and do not experience increased complications. No change in mortality or complications was observed in non-MT patients across transfusions ratios. High transfusion ratios are not associated with increased complications in patients with isolated extremity injury regardless of whether a MT is required.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b72d13a5a234a0c9afba0c6ceb01845", "input": "Question: Does high prevalence of goiter in schoolchildren in Isfahan ; zinc deficiency play a role?\nAnswer: The prevalence of goiter is still high in Isfahan schoolchildren. It seems that zinc status is not involved in the high prevalence of goiter in this region. The role of other possible goitrogens should be investigated in Isfahan.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d2e168cc90ae470f8c3d787984a1eed9", "input": "Question: Is [ The increase in the speed of the pulse wave associated with elevated central blood pressure in hypertensive patients with kidney disease ]?\nAnswer: In hypertensive patients with renal disease PWV is increased, but not the AIx. We believe that the AIx is not a reliable measure of arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients with kidney disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2f4ff652ebd746fab3849d02035f99ff", "input": "Question: Are interleukin-1B and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphisms associated with premalignant gastric conditions : a combined haplotype analysis?\nAnswer: The determination of these IL1-related loci does not have any predictive value for stratification of subgroups with respect to gastric cancer risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2afd3b4acc704557a62ea674501e21d0", "input": "Question: Is postsurgical inflammatory response associated with increased serum cystatin C values?\nAnswer: The orthopedic surgery-induced inflammatory response does not cause changes in cystatin C levels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bb1f7ce42dda4d2f828837fb360d6ac1", "input": "Question: Is endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy required for transpapillary SEMS placement for biliary obstruction?\nAnswer: Patients who undergo biliary sphincterotomy during transpapillary self-expanding metal stent placement experience more immediate complications than those who do not. Biliary sphincterotomy was not associated with longer stent patency. Self-expanding metal stent placement without a biliary sphincterotomy was not associated with pancreatitis regardless of the type of self-expanding metal stent used (covered or uncovered). Of the patients without a biliary sphincterotomy, 100% had successful stent placement, further arguing against its use in this setting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b44f790efe3a452397650b62d11ac1e2", "input": "Question: Is histologic diagnosis based on forceps biopsy adequate for determining endoscopic treatment of gastric adenomatous lesions?\nAnswer: We should consider endoscopic resection for gastric LGD that are 2 cm or more in size and do not have whitish discoloration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc71cd7355e345d1973f7d72342040cf", "input": "Question: Are inherited variations in AR , ESR1 , and ESR2 genes associated with prostate cancer aggressiveness or with efficacy of androgen deprivation therapy?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that common genetic variations in AR, ESR1, or ESR2 are not strongly associated with prostate cancer aggressiveness or response to ADT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-90f7f24e61924b42bad45251200023e0", "input": "Question: Is eRCC1 mRNA expression associated with response and survival after platinum-based chemotherapy regimens in advanced non-small cell lung cancer?\nAnswer: In contrast to recent publications, ERCC1 mRNA expression in our study did not favor a prognostically better outcome after platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC. We explore potential reasons for this, including the need for cautious interpretation of mRNA expression data from archival materials and highlight the need for additional translational research linking gene expression with a promising ERCC1 polymorphism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-90aab26240474f3093d7ccd759edbbb0", "input": "Question: Does nocturnal hypoxia exposure with simulated altitude for 14 days significantly alter working memory or vigilance in humans?\nAnswer: Two weeks of nocturnal continuous hypoxia in an altitude tent did not induce subjective sleepiness or impair objective vigilance and working memory. Caution is recommended in the extrapolation to humans the effects of hypoxia in animal models.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e291e51f08b4c4e85b1c7498941c19e", "input": "Question: Are behavioural and psychological symptoms related to white matter hyperintensities and medial temporal lobe atrophy in Alzheimer 's disease?\nAnswer: There were no differences in prevalence of behavioural and psychological symptoms according to MTA or WMH, as rated on MRI. This suggests that the occurrence of those symptoms depends on other determinants, such as coping style or genetic make-up.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-14b8941e80e8407c8c74e155b8263e11", "input": "Question: Do medications necessarily normalize cognition in ADHD patients?\nAnswer: Even with optimal treatment, based on parents' and teachers' opinions, subtle and not-so-subtle neurocognitive impairments persisted in the ADHD patients. Some ADHD patients may require additional educational assistance, even in the face of successful medication treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b4c5a6dcec764f4e818b8d0c99a65817", "input": "Question: Is low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-associated protein ( LRPAP1 ) gene IVS5 insertion/deletion polymorphism a risk factor for gallstone disease in a Polish population?\nAnswer: The LRPAP1 insertion/deletion polymorphism is not associated with gallstone disease in a Polish population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e2d7c72e49e4667931270fc463c02a9", "input": "Question: Does the presence of the adult respiratory distress syndrome worsen mortality or discharge disability in blunt trauma patients with severe traumatic brain injury?\nAnswer: The presence of ARDS was not associated with higher mortality or worse discharge disability. It was, however, associated with higher hospital morbidity, longer ICU and hospital length of stay.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9accfd0408a4452c868869b7f2df1dad", "input": "Question: Is lumbar puncture success rate influenced by family-member presence?\nAnswer: The presence of a family member was not associated with an increased risk of traumatic or unobtainable lumbar puncture, nor was it associated with more attempts at the procedure. The benefits of having a family member present during the procedure were not counterbalanced by adverse effects on procedural success.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-53b6e002b3cc450787de1404a719b0e0", "input": "Question: Is tobacco smoke-induced left ventricular remodelling associated with metalloproteinase-2 or -9 activation?\nAnswer: MMP-2 and MMP-9 did not participate in the remodelling process induced by tobacco smoke exposure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7b7dce4a73d14558b00be8f182639c22", "input": "Question: Do emergency physicians use more resources to evaluate obese patients with acute abdominal pain?\nAnswer: Physicians do not use more resources to identify the etiology of acute abdominal pain in obese patients as compared with that in nonobese patients. Furthermore, ED LOS, likelihood of surgical intervention, physicians' confidence level in their preimaging diagnosis, and final diagnosis do not appear to be influenced by BMI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-692227b26c1b4d3da53482942982f3ea", "input": "Question: Does hepatic venous pressure gradient correlate with the presence and the severity of portal hypertensive gastropathy in patients with liver cirrhosis?\nAnswer: Our data show that PHG does not correlate with the degree of portal pressure, and that the prevalence and the severity of this condition are not influenced by the severity of underlying liver disease or by the size of varices.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-848dbcb901c64c1a9cceb320fe2ac23b", "input": "Question: Do statin-treated familial hypercholesterolemia patients with coronary heart disease and pronounced atherosclerosis have more brain lesions than healthy controls in later middle age?\nAnswer: FH patients with CHD and adequate cardiovascular risk-factor treatment showed no difference in the amount or size of clinically silent brain lesions compared to controls, despite patients' more severe atherosclerosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-85ba912cecaa41e9a1c3c1348bceed2c", "input": "Question: Does low-dose sufentanil potentiate intrathecal morphine for perioperative analgesia after major colorectal surgery?\nAnswer: These results do not support the addition of 10 microg ITS to 0.4 mg ITM for colorectal surgery, as low dose sufentanil does not improve intraoperative and postoperative analgesia in this setting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0c6cc2206321460dbaaaa87dbe140c0e", "input": "Question: Is tCF7L2 a major susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians : analysis of 3,501 individuals?\nAnswer: Variation within TCF7L2 does not confer major risk for type 2 diabetes among the Pima Indian population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fdecf42967254ddaa78b90d991c649ba", "input": "Question: Does lung elastic recoil correlate with pulmonary hemodynamics in severe emphysema?\nAnswer: We conclude there is no correlation between lung elastic recoil and pulmonary hemodynamics in severe emphysema, suggesting that elastic lung recoil is not an important determinant of secondary pulmonary hypertension in this group. Registered with www. clinicaltrials.gov, #NCT00000606.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0751958b5459476abee527ad46e1b686", "input": "Question: Is pelvic tenderness limited to the prostate in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome ( CPPS ) type IIIA and IIIB : comparison of men with and without CP/CPPS?\nAnswer: Men with CP/CPPS have more tenderness compared to men without CPPS. Tenderness in men with CPPS is distributed throughout the pelvis and not specific to the prostate.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-64f84fa9068045829ff834af355b2e5b", "input": "Question: Does preoperative warming combined with intraoperative skin-surface warming avoid hypothermia caused by spinal anesthesia in patients with midazolam premedication?\nAnswer: Forty-five minutes of preoperative warming combined with intraoperative skin-surface warming does not avoid but minimizes hypothermia caused by spinal anesthesia in patients with midazolam premedication.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9130b64d48dd430b82ca28face14d160", "input": "Question: Are nicotine effects on retrieval-induced forgetting attributable to changes in arousal?\nAnswer: To test an arousal explanation of nicotine's effects on cognitive inhibition, this study compared the separate and combined effects of an acute dose of nicotine and an arousal manipulation on inhibitory processes associated with the retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) paradigm.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5dac598b36b5458b87f48ceb838d1d1a", "input": "Question: Is gamma 2 actin gene ( enteric type ) polymorphism associated with obstetric cholestasis or preeclampsia?\nAnswer: This insertion-deletion polymorphism in the intron 1 of the gamma 2 actin gene is unlikely to play any significant role in obstetric cholestasis or preeclampsia in patients from eastern Finland.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a203aecd7ec4f7da75ec53b73c55ff8", "input": "Question: Is increased sucrose intake associated with a change in glucose or insulin sensitivity in people with type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: Over the 3-week intervention period, an isocaloric increase in the dietary intakes of sucrose to 13% of total energy per day in people with type 2 diabetes was not associated with a decline in glycaemic control or insulin sensitivity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b549d5124db4454597f84c82b90ecc52", "input": "Question: Is hIV-1 viral replication below 50 copies/ml in patients on antiretroviral therapy associated with CD8+ T-cell activation?\nAnswer: T-cell activation in patients on long-term successful ART is not due to residual low-level viral replication in the blood compartment of HIV-1. CD8+ T-cell activation in this patient group appears to be associated with poor CD4+ T-cell recovery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cf147a79fb504554ae1ab8cf267a2a9b", "input": "Question: Does trigonal injection of botulinum toxin-A cause vesicoureteral reflux in neurogenic patients?\nAnswer: Our results confirm the safety of trigone injections of BTX-A in terms of development of VUR and upper urinary tract damage. Whether they are beneficial for patients with NDO or other causes of voiding dysfunction will need further studies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a4321e8a426c448d8a808bde93fbda4b", "input": "Question: Do phosphodiesterase-5A and neutral endopeptidase activities in human adipocytes control atrial natriuretic peptide-mediated lipolysis?\nAnswer: Functional PDE-5A and NEP activities were present in human adipocytes, however these enzymes did not play a major role in the regulation of ANP-mediated lipolysis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fa2a100b59b8475c9befb8e748afcd09", "input": "Question: Does systematic mediastinal lymphadenectomy increase postoperative immune response after major lung resections?\nAnswer: Systematic lymphadenectomy added to major lung resection does not increase postoperative humoral immune response in uncomplicated cases, as measured by levels of IL-6 and IL-1 ra in serum, pleural fluid, and sputum.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e903e6c91ee4d879d9ef123a09894f3", "input": "Question: Is extended homozygosity usually due to cytogenetic abnormality?\nAnswer: Regions of extended homozygosity are not generally due to cytogenetic abnormalities such as uniparental isodisomy. They reflect the Mendelian inheritance of haplotypes from a common ancestor. This may have implications for mapping disease genes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fbadb2632d3b4828b2811316d16ab730", "input": "Question: Do donor cardiac troponin I levels predict recipient survival after cardiac transplantation?\nAnswer: In this study, a modestly elevated donor cTnI was not associated with a higher risk of recipient mortality or need for post-transplant mechanical circulatory support. A potential donor heart should not be discarded solely because the troponin level is elevated.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-30550f9fda0347cfbc30e0957fb15cd0", "input": "Question: Is the progesterone receptor PROGINS polymorphism related to oxidative stress factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome?\nAnswer: No relation has been detected between the inflammatory and oxidative stress factors, and PROGINS polymorphism alleles. This may be because the PCOS patients are young and their BMI means are normal and their CIMT and oxidative stress markers are like healthy women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea7a6eaa6ae64f94904811360c01836c", "input": "Question: Does influenza vaccination result in an increase in relapses in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis?\nAnswer: Vaccination against influenza does not increase the relapse rate in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-29f4127b888d4f03b8230ee298092ad6", "input": "Question: Is aetiology of stillbirth : unexplored unexplained?\nAnswer: Postmortem investigation rates are low. They reveal a cause of death for the majority of cases that are unexplained clinically. Epidemiological investigations of unexplained fetal death based on cases not subject to complete postmortem investigation may lead to inaccurate conclusions. A standardised definition for unexplained fetal deaths that distinguishes between cases with detailed investigation and those with limited or no investigation is needed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-10b4241dd91d45cfafea616d84229813", "input": "Question: Does automated quantitative analysis of estrogen receptor expression in breast carcinoma differ from expert pathologist scoring : a tissue microarray study of 3,484 cases?\nAnswer: Fully automated quantitation of ER immunostaining yields results that do not differ from human scoring against both biochemical assay and patient outcome gold standards.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-79156b84ed404a1e9bdf4696b33fbad2", "input": "Question: Do proton Pump Inhibitors Increase Risk for Clostridium difficile Infection in the Intensive Care Unit?\nAnswer: Exposure to antibiotics was the most important risk factor for health-care facility-onset CDI in the ICU. PPIs did not increase risk for CDI in the ICU regardless of use of antibiotics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b08cb00fd844b4dbcdd9b3755090451", "input": "Question: Is nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use Associated With Reduced Risk of Barrett 's Esophagus?\nAnswer: Use of NSAIDs was not associated with the risk of Barrett's esophagus. The previously reported inverse association between NSAID use and esophageal adenocarcinoma may be through reducing the risk of neoplastic progression in patients with Barrett's esophagus.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-49e597e11a8845cdb902009bde03189f", "input": "Question: Is monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 required for liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy?\nAnswer: These findings suggest that MCP-1 is not required for PH-induced liver regeneration, yet the role of CCR2 warrants further study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3df6944ef0b1415c8d45eda4a7a566bc", "input": "Question: Does adrenal fatigue exist : a systematic review?\nAnswer: We found an almost systematic finding of conflicting results derived from most of the studies methods utilized, regardless of the validation and the quality of performed tests. Some limitations of the review include: (1) heterogeneity of the study design; (2) the descriptive nature of most studies; (3) the poor quality assessment of fatigue; (4) the use of an unsubstantiated methodology in terms of cortisol assessment (not endorsed by endocrinologists); (5) false premises leading to an incorrect sequence of research direction; and, (6) inappropriate/invalid conclusions regarding causality and association between different information.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-92b3b71e86254a43920e45ecb54121a8", "input": "Question: Is ultrashort acting remifentanil superior to long-acting sufentanil in preserving cognitive function-a randomized study?\nAnswer: We could not demonstrate differences in POCD between remifentanil and sufentanil based anaesthesia, but in general, the fraction of patients with POCD seemed smaller than previously reported. We found an association between POCD and both perioperative low Svo2 and postoperative ventilation time, underlining the importance of perioperative stable hemodynamics and possible fast-track protocols with short ventilation times to attenuate POCD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f36315a2ab5740ae88f9bacabcbbb26d", "input": "Question: Does harvest tissue source alter the protective power of stromal cell therapy after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury?\nAnswer: Transplantation of MSCs after intestinal I/R injury, irrespective of a tissue source, significantly increases survival and mesenteric perfusion and at the same time limits intestinal damage and inflammation. Further studies are needed to identify the mechanism that these cells use to promote improved outcomes after injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b0dbfe120d5c4725b29726e85d3cc304", "input": "Question: Is hER2 amplification level a prognostic factor for HER2-positive breast cancer with trastuzumab-based adjuvant treatment : a systematic review and meta-analysis?\nAnswer: HER2 amplification level is not a prognostic factor for HER2-positive breast cancer with trastuzumab-based targeted therapy in the clinical adjuvant setting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d2fefbf8cf904daabdd13ef0f50ba934", "input": "Question: Does superficial wound infection cause inferior clinical outcome after TKA?\nAnswer: In a long-term follow-up, a different clinical outcome and HRQoL were not obtained after a successfully treated superficial infection following a TKA when compared to a TKA without complications. Based on the findings of the study, additional complications are not anticipated after a successfully treated superficial wound infection in TKA. Therefore, a different follow-up to that of a non-complicated TKA is not recommended when the early post-operative superficial wound infection has been appropriately treated. A superficial infection successfully treated in the acute post-operative period should be considered solved at long-term follow-up.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2811b0c96e444563a9bc5c411584fedb", "input": "Question: Is the Alcohol Intolerance Produced by Isoniazid Due to a Disulfiram-Like Reaction Despite Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition?\nAnswer: Our results demonstrate for the first time that despite ALDH inhibition ISO does not provoke a typical DIS-like reaction since it does not increase blood acetaldehyde levels after co-administration with ETH. The possibility that the ETH intolerance observed in ISO treatment is a central synergistic effect cannot be excluded.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bbccdd8c6160432d82641e39d13ee3ad", "input": "Question: Does resident Involvement in Radical Inguinal Orchiectomy for Testicular Cancer Adversely Impact Perioperative Outcomes - A Retrospective Study?\nAnswer: RI during orchiectomy for testicular cancer does not undermine patient safety at the cost of pOT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c66983c118074d348449237ef5a765fb", "input": "Question: Is length of Stay From the Hospital Perspective : Practice of Early Discharge Associated With Increased Readmission Risk After Lung Cancer Surgery?\nAnswer: It is possible for hospitals to develop early discharge practices without increasing readmissions. Further study is needed to identify the critical practice elements that have enabled hospitals to aggressively discharge patients without increasing readmission risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a6342ca4b47e4eac953ae86417ea8304", "input": "Question: Is mean telomere length associated with current health status in a 50-year-old population sample?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that telomere length measurements are unlikely to provide information of much predictive significance for an individual's health status.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e644daff8bc4adb83f9550dafcebb9e", "input": "Question: Does fTY720-Induced Lymphopenia Aggravate Mortality in a Murine Model of Polymicrobial Abdominal Sepsis?\nAnswer: Our data demonstrate that inhibition of T cell migration and induction of peripheral lymphopenia did not affect survival in a model of severe murine sepsis. The presence of reduced T- and B-cell numbers in the peripheral blood during a septic challenge did not negatively affect sepsis mortality in our model of severe abdominal sepsis. The absence of increased mortality under FTY720 treatment in the CASP model suggests that FTY720 treatment will probably not result in increased mortality in MS patients suffering from sepsis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-439f0a7c685e46018470f1a47e161fa4", "input": "Question: Is this baby for turning : Women 's experiences of attempted external cephalic version?\nAnswer: ECV should form part of a range of options provided to women, rather than a default procedure for management of the term breech. For motivated women who fit the safe criteria for vaginal breech birth, not being subjected to a painful experience (ECV) may be optimal. Women should be supported to access services that support vaginal breech birth if this is their choice, and continuity of care should be standard practice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-31257716f39e47ac98f9c5a6458ec63c", "input": "Question: Are many Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Immune to Measles or Pertussis?\nAnswer: A significant number of our IBD patients lack immunity to measles, and a majority of our IBD patients do not have detectable immunity to pertussis. Importantly, the majority of the measles non-immune patients are on ISS therapy and therefore unable to receive a booster.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2276b575622f4b368e1535e03cd14670", "input": "Question: Does preoperative chemoradiotherapy compromise the feasibility of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: Preoperative CRT was demonstrated to be safe and did not compromise the feasibility of adjuvant chemotherapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-137db20fcf874aef85ce5026cfc2229c", "input": "Question: Is food image-induced brain activation diminished by insulin infusion?\nAnswer: Our data demonstrate that visual food cues induce a strong response in motivation/reward and cognitive-executive control brain regions in non-obese subjects, but that these responses are not diminished by hyperinsulinemia per se. These findings suggest that our modern food cue saturated environment may be sufficient to overpower homeostatic hormonal signals, and thus contribute to the current obesity epidemic.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-74d2c1f104cc4fc19c1e87ebfa5b15b2", "input": "Question: Does adequate intake of potassium cause hyperkalemia in hypertensive individuals taking medications that antagonize the renin angiotensin aldosterone system?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates that an increase in dietary potassium over a 4-wk period is safe in hypertensive subjects who have normal renal function and are receiving ACEi and/or ARB therapy. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02759367.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0453c807cbf4449ab864147e1e3015f3", "input": "Question: Do differences in contents of organochlorine impurities influence responses to patch testing with Majantol\u00ae?\nAnswer: Organochlorine impurities are very probably not the cause of allergic reactions to Majantol\u00ae.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-43706587557c4cf29c61245676ab9ffb", "input": "Question: Does multivessel Revascularization Increase Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Incidence in Acute Myocardial Infarction : A Meta-Analysis?\nAnswer: In the index hospitalization, CR in STEMI patients is associated with significant risk reduction in cardiac death and revascularization and a non-significant reduced trend of CI-AKI, despite increased use of contrast when compared with IRA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f03bbf95a134c9ba490a59f4f825198", "input": "Question: Does landiolol infusion during general anesthesia prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing lung resection?\nAnswer: We failed to demonstrate that low-dose infusion of landiolol during general anesthesia could prevent the incidence of AF after lung resection. Only IL-6 sampled at 6\u00a0h after end of surgery significantly predicted POAF among pulmonary surgical patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-80150efa907943218c744a2d5ad6e695", "input": "Question: Does creatine Supplementation Prevent the Development of Alcoholic Steatosis?\nAnswer: Overall, dietary creatine supplementation did not prevent alcoholic liver injury despite its known efficacy in preventing high-fat-diet-induced steatosis. Betaine, a promethylating agent that maintains the hepatocellular SAM:SAH, still remains our best option for treating alcoholic steatosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d120c17d227c4e8293e0c5ad82dfe851", "input": "Question: Are gain-of-function Prolactin Receptor Variants Associated With Breast Cancer and Multiple Fibroadenoma Risk?\nAnswer: PRLR", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-38477e819b194e218b67488e388eb76c", "input": "Question: Does long-term storage impact the quality of cryopreserved human ovarian tissue?\nAnswer: The evaluation of different aspects of the tissue provides evidence that the storage time does not impact on tissue quality and gives hope especially to cancer girls, whose tissues could remain cryopreserved for a very long time.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-80bb6e281c32479ab9ba9d8595f2a8b6", "input": "Question: Do population-based weight loss and gain explain trends in asthma mortality in Cuba : A prospective study from 1964 to 2014?\nAnswer: These national data do not support the hypothesis that population-based changes in weight are associated with asthma mortality. Other possible explanations for the large decreases in asthma mortality rates include changes in pollution or better delivery of medical care over the same time period.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d0d6fe613add4194916a477369abe201", "input": "Question: Is asparaginase-associated pancreatitis predicted by hypertriglyceridemia or pancreatic enzyme levels in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia?\nAnswer: AAP does not seem to be associated with HTG. Continuous monitoring of pancreas enzymes does not predict AAP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ce5fccb0eb7458ab15bdddb1c2d0679", "input": "Question: Does irradiation Increase the Penetration Depth of Doxorubicin in Normal Tissue After Pressurized Intra-peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy ( PIPAC ) in an Ex Vivo Model?\nAnswer: Irradiation does not increase the penetration depth of doxorubicin into the normal tissue but might have a limiting impact on penetration and distribution of doxorubicin. Further studies are warranted to investigate the impact of addition of irradiation to PIPAC of tumor cells and to find out if irradiation can be used safely as chemopotenting agent for patients with peritoneal metastases treated with PIPAC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1e07358478534f1b83ba217046e0e11b", "input": "Question: Does high intake of regular-fat cheese compared with reduced-fat cheese affect LDL cholesterol or risk markers of the metabolic syndrome : a randomized controlled trial?\nAnswer: A high daily intake of regular-fat cheese for 12 wk did not alter LDL cholesterol or MetS risk factors differently than an equal intake of reduced-fat cheese or an isocaloric amount of carbohydrate-rich foods. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02616471.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-36d7d66e9a424ad4a7e4b4170c8c6d2a", "input": "Question: Is therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest associated with favorable neurological outcome : a meta-analysis?\nAnswer: Therapeutic hypothermia in the post-cardiac arrest management protocol does not provide any benefit in favorable neurological outcome, survival to hospital discharge, and long term survival. Incidence of pneumonia may be increased with the use of therapeutic hypothermia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a6af2169135944fabf056586a2ab46a8", "input": "Question: Does effect of Ischemic Preconditioning on Endurance Performance Surpass Placebo?\nAnswer: IPC did not change aerobic metabolism parameters, whereas improved endurance performance. The IPC improvement, however, did not surpass the effect of a placebo intervention.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5c4ade04e4a342e187637623f4b098fb", "input": "Question: Are four mutations in Epidermodysplasia verruciformis 1 ( EVER1 ) gene contributors to susceptibility in RRP?\nAnswer: The absence of these mutations in RRP patients might indicate that EVER 1 alleles are not associated with susceptibility to RRP, or that other, as yet unidentified, mutations in the Epidermodysplasia verruciformis 1 gene, might account for the susceptibility to RRP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1ef199249004822988b7ee67e9e07ad", "input": "Question: Does elevated body mass index increase the risk of palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia in patients receiving pegylated liposomal doxorubicin?\nAnswer: Elevated BMI does not appear to correlate with occurrence of PPE in our population. Of interest, among patients discontinuing PLD due to skin toxicity, 25% had clinical evidence of response. The identification of predisposing risk factors may help guide treatment decisions; however, elevated BMI does not appear to be such a risk factor.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-da7bc063681f445e82f031b1caa04d5e", "input": "Question: Is dietary docosahexaenoic acid-induced generation of liver lipid peroxides suppressed further by elevated levels of glutathione in ODS rats?\nAnswer: Higher than normal levels of dietary methionine are not necessarily associated with decreased dietary DHA-induced generation of tissue lipid peroxides and VE consumption except that the GSH requirement is increased in a condition such as acetaminophen feeding.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2099bc4da63040cbbf616f868fb34b7c", "input": "Question: Does the polymorphism of multi-drug resistance 1 gene ( MDR1 ) influence the pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone loaded into autologous erythrocytes of patients with inflammatory bowel disease?\nAnswer: Our findings demonstrated that Dex plasma level, after infusion of autologous erythrocytes loaded with Dex 21-P are completely independent by the MDR 1 gene polymorphism. This could be another potential advantage of this modality of drug delivering.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4a2ecaf32f04c348ac6bbd9519fba49", "input": "Question: Does plant sterol or stanol consumption affect erythrocyte osmotic fragility in patients on statin treatment?\nAnswer: We conclude that plant sterol and stanol ester consumption for 16 weeks does not change osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in statin-treated patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b46c8ff3a2694d91941c87687858c646", "input": "Question: Does a patient 's race/ethnicity explain the underuse of appropriate adjuvant therapy in colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: Most literature identifies race/ethnicity as the reason for disparate receipt of adjuvant therapy in colorectal cancer. Using a more robust database of three population-based sources, our analysis demonstrates that socioeconomic status is a more important predictor of (in)appropriate care than race/ethnicity. Explicit measures to improve care to the poor with colorectal cancer are needed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5f1bc44d5ab4050a55ac9b71db74c20", "input": "Question: Is fetal microchimerism involved in the pathogenesis of lichen sclerosus of the vulva?\nAnswer: Despite the limited number and size of the samples, we conclude that persistent male fetal cells are not involved in the pathogenesis of lichen sclerosus of the vulva, since we consistently could not detect Y-chromosome specific sequences by using two molecular techniques.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e74b68fc347e426a9890f4e95be2446a", "input": "Question: Is dNA methylation of CHFR a predictor of the response to docetaxel and paclitaxel in advanced and recurrent gastric cancer?\nAnswer: We conclude that the DNA methylation of CHFR alone cannot predict the response of advanced and recurrent GC to docetaxel or paclitaxel. Both paclitaxel and docetaxel may be effective for treatment of GC even if CHFR is expressed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6e79b4ebd08648f78e3c8afb12a4ffbd", "input": "Question: Do fluctuations in carotid arterial distensibility during the menstrual cycle influence cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity?\nAnswer: The results suggest that, although carotid arterial distensibility fluctuates with the changes in ovarian hormone levels that occur during the menstrual cycle, the fluctuations in carotid arterial distensibility do not influence cardiovagal BRS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-41e924f7f20347eeb55918cd3e452b10", "input": "Question: Does estrogen receptor 1 haplotype regulate oral contraceptive-induced changes in haemostasis and inflammation risk factors for venous and arterial thrombosis?\nAnswer: The ER1 haplotype does not have a strong effect on the estrogen-induced changes in haemostasis and inflammation risk markers for arterial and venous thrombosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ec8d4ae5f92486eab3b40e3168351f3", "input": "Question: Does elevated Lipoprotein ( a ) promote early atherosclerotic changes of the carotid arteries in young , healthy adults?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that elevated Lp(a) levels alone do not contribute to increased cardiovascular risk by promoting early atherogenesis in vivo.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d55ffe2ac974669bb646bdf4d8ac846", "input": "Question: Does oral anticoagulant treatment with coumarin derivatives influence plasma homocysteine concentration?\nAnswer: We conclude that anticoagulation does not influence homocysteine concentrations to any significant degree.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3dfdc8218db42fb9a5dd7d65c34c7d3", "input": "Question: Is cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori infection associated with decreased risk of Barrett 's esophagus in a population with high H. pylori infection rate?\nAnswer: Neither H. pylori infection nor H. pylori infection by CagA+ strains reduce the risk of BE in a population with high prevalence of H. pylori infection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-631ccee51618415dbddfb509a6466082", "input": "Question: Does routine follow-up by magnetic resonance imaging improve detection of resectable local recurrences from colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: Pelvic surveillance by MRI is not justified as part of the routine follow-up after a curative resection for colorectal cancer and should be reserved for selectively imaging patients with clinical, colonoscopic, and/or biochemical suspicion of recurrent disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b1e956a6c2d4745acd42c377d7e8b9b", "input": "Question: Does short-term oral isotretinoin therapy cause clinical or subclinical peripheral neuropathy?\nAnswer: Short-term administration of oral isotretinoin in young patients does not cause clinical or subclinical neuropathy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e9dad4270704d7d9882d26eb7be8728", "input": "Question: Does iGF-I secretion by prostate carcinoma cells alter tumor-bone cell interactions in vitro or in vivo?\nAnswer: IGF-I is neither necessary nor sufficient for the osteoblastic response to PC metastases.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bc9e3f7b60e945cfb70fae9faabb9a5a", "input": "Question: Is weight-adjusted resting energy expenditure constant in critically ill patients?\nAnswer: Predictive equations were not able to estimate measured REE adequately in all the patients. Adjusted REE decreased with increasing body mass index; thus, a body mass index group-specific adaptation for the estimation of energy needs should be applied.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c670b110e0a5404d91d33f6053983e0e", "input": "Question: Is mean glucose level an independent risk factor for mortality in mixed ICU patients?\nAnswer: In this retrospective study mean glucose level was not an independent risk factor for mortality in mixed ICU patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-521bde873e8e4f29ac3c445aec385d36", "input": "Question: Does leucocyte-depleting arterial line filtration reduce myocardial injury assessed by Troponin T during routine coronary artery bypass grafting using crossclamp fibrillation?\nAnswer: LD arterial line filters did not confer any cardioprotective effect as measured by Troponin T in elective coronary revascularization cases.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e6897914b854855b9bdec857173a94c", "input": "Question: Is genetic variation in fibrillin-1 gene associated with arterial stiffness in apparently healthy individuals?\nAnswer: These data do not support the hypothesis that aortic PWV or PP are influenced by the FBN-1 VNTR genotype. Although we cannot exclude small effects, this negative finding also suggests that there is not a major allele for stiffness or blood pressure in apparently healthy individuals linked to this VNTR.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c8cb3aecd2794459936471a753a0ef85", "input": "Question: Do screening and ultrasound surveillance of large abdominal aortic aneurysms improve suitability for endovascular repair?\nAnswer: Early detection and surveillance of AAA does not seem to increase suitability for EVAR. Suitability for EVAR seems to be determined early on in an aneurysm's life. On the basis of current device technology, referral for intervention from an AAA surveillance program may need to be initiated at a size well below 5.5 cm if an increase in EVAR suitability is to be expected.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d03afe7a9054c40a3c5486df3f3a430", "input": "Question: Do medical students ' clinical skills match their teachers ' expectations : survey at Zagreb University School of Medicine , Croatia?\nAnswer: Students' self-assessed level of clinical skills was lower than that expected by their teachers. Education during clinical rotations is not focused on acquiring clinical skills, and additional clinical skills' training has a positive influence on students' self-assessed level of clinical skills. There was no consensus among teachers on the required level of students' clinical skills.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ad11a66c6cb44883b918f5eb33ff48f3", "input": "Question: Are multiple-use atomizers in outpatient otolaryngology clinics necessarily an infectious risk?\nAnswer: Multiple-use atomizers that contain phenylephrine and tetracaine solutions with bacteriostatic preservatives in an outpatient otolaryngology clinic do not yield significant bacterial growth and, when used as described, do not pose an infectious risk of bacterial transmission between patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bfdde903e2114178af91f9b6f4a4492b", "input": "Question: Is helicobacter pylori infection involved in the pathogenesis of either erosive or non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease?\nAnswer: H. pylori infection had the same prevalence in reflux patients and in controls. It did not affect oesophageal acid exposure, as there was no difference between H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative individuals. The high prevalence of mild body gastritis in H. pylori-positive patients suggests that H. pylori eradication is unlikely to lead to gastric functional recovery, which might precipitate or worsen symptoms and lesions in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5a6aa7c157e4926a321be766ef981a7", "input": "Question: Is tardive dyskinesia associated with the polymorphisms of 5-HT2A receptor gene , serotonin transporter gene and catechol-o-methyltransferase gene?\nAnswer: Our findings indicated that 5-HT2A receptor gene, 5 HTT gene, and COMT gene polymorphisms were similar in schizophrenia with non-TD, schizophrenia with TD, and healthy controls. These polymorphisms, though, do not help to evaluate the susceptibility to TD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-82f7761d1c3b42c791c980153c7e9f53", "input": "Question: Does the potent somatostatin analogue vapreotide decrease pancreas-specific complications after elective pancreatectomy : a prospective , multicenter , double-blinded , randomized , placebo-controlled trial?\nAnswer: The potent somatostatin analogue vapreotide does not appear to decrease postoperative complications after major pancreatectomy in patients without chronic pancreatitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a93d76932bc43a1aa3e46b5d670c9dd", "input": "Question: Do dietary fats contribute to hyperlipidemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes?\nAnswer: Lipid abnormalities remain common in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes who adhere to current dietary recommendations, and they relate to metabolic control but not dietary intake.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d77a3a4819d44d48585669bea0fc6ca", "input": "Question: Does endothelial cell chimerism influence allograft tolerance in liver transplant patients after withdrawal of immunosuppression?\nAnswer: Endothelial cell chimerism has nothing to do with the induction of clinical tolerance in liver transplant patients after withdrawal of immunosuppression.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-803df43db9924bdeb52f7be85fda5ffd", "input": "Question: Does amiodarone administered for cardiac resuscitation alter the integrity of noncontrast cerebral computed tomography performed on neurologically symptomatic patients before therapeutic cardiac catheterization?\nAnswer: Amiodarone administered at doses recommended by the American Heart Association for treatment of cardiac arrhythmia does not interfere with interpretation of the precatheterization noncontrasted screening cerebral CT scan.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1b9b11395efb47b0a86c8e2e2cdac6f5", "input": "Question: Does single copy of variant CYP2A6 alleles confer susceptibility to liver dysfunction in patients treated with coumarin?\nAnswer: No evidence was obtained that the studied polymorphism in CYP2A6 is a determinant of the coumarin-associated liver dysfunction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-96c14f29152a4d08bcd4ac6f1ed20bc7", "input": "Question: Is epidural catheter colonization associated with infection?\nAnswer: The contamination of epidural catheters was found to be independent of the administered antimicrobial agents prior to surgery, the duration of catheter placement, and the presence of fever. Except for perioperative prophylaxis, therapeutic use of antibiotics for short-term epidural catheters is not recommended.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c5044e8095a4016a84b8765758e3da5", "input": "Question: Do developmental binge exposure to ethanol and artificial rearing affect the social transfer of diet preference?\nAnswer: Intact performance on the ethologically meaningful diet-preference test supports specificity in the cognitive/behavioral effects of developmental exposure to ethanol. Interestingly, early isolation, as experienced in the artificial-rearing procedure, also did not impair performance on this social task.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fafdc24a74de45ada1e3ca1614281d83", "input": "Question: Do serum insulin-like growth factor levels predict functional recovery after hospitalization in nonagenarian patients?\nAnswer: IGF-1 serum levels in nonagenarian patients do not predict functional recovery after hospitalization.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4e5106d78ec7417ebe93ce01ab4acc84", "input": "Question: Does use of aspirin in conjunction with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors worsen long-term survival in heart failure?\nAnswer: In patients with a principal discharge diagnosis of heart failure, the use of aspirin, in combination with ACE-I, does not worsen long-term survival compared to the use of ACE-I without aspirin.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cbea2553be7d4544a64e403f3e6ae80a", "input": "Question: Is quantitative competitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction a useful method for quantification of CD4 and CD8 cell status during HIV infection?\nAnswer: QC-RT-PCR, and related methodologies are not useful substitutes for assessment of CD4 and CD8 cell numbers in HIV-infected persons.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-64ed449b2bc242298ef371b98510edb9", "input": "Question: Is codeine and clinical impairment in samples in which morphine detected?\nAnswer: Codeine appeared to have some dose-dependent effect on the central nervous system that may lead to impairment as judged from a CTD, independent of measurable blood morphine concentrations. This supports the view that some codeine effects do not seem to be mediated by morphine.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8fd6958582524f819e04b7334adf426c", "input": "Question: Are inherited thrombophilias increased in `` idiopathic '' small-for-gestational-age pregnancies?\nAnswer: The rates of these inherited thrombophilias are not increased in normotensive women with small-for-gestational-age pregnancies. Further studies are required to determine whether thrombophilias are increased in small-for-gestational-age babies with abnormal umbilical Doppler study results.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c7e44f4a58ad4f80976ee7b742da57d9", "input": "Question: Does early reattachment reverse atrophy and fat accumulation of the supraspinatus -- an experimental study in rabbits?\nAnswer: In the rabbit, reattachment of the SSP at 6 weeks did neither reverse muscle atrophy nor fat accumulation during the ensuing 6 weeks. However, earlier reattachment (6 weeks) when compared with later reattachment (12 weeks) prevented an increase in fat accumulation. On the other hand, the delay before reattaching the tendon did not lead to an increase in muscle atrophy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ceda6909c8d241d0a91273a21cd143d9", "input": "Question: Does perfusion with the olfactomedin domain of myocilin affect outflow facility?\nAnswer: Although the olfactomedin domain appears to be important for the function of myocilin, perfusion with a recombinant myocilin fragment containing this domain does not change outflow facility. It is possible that both the olfactomedin and N-terminal domains (including the leucine zipper) must be present for myocilin to have full function. Alternatively, posttranslational modifications of myocilin may have a major impact on protein function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c424d1903a904433b0ef1234360691ae", "input": "Question: Does helicobacter pylori infection affect the early rebleeding rate in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding after successful endoscopic hemostasis : a prospective single-center trial?\nAnswer: Based on our data, it can be concluded that H. pylori infection does not affect the early rebleeding rate in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding after successful endoscopic hemostasis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-701adb2a171249db92403657626c4c69", "input": "Question: Does hypothermia alter somatosensory evoked potential amplitude and global cerebral oxygen extraction during marked sodium nitroprusside-induced arterial hypotension?\nAnswer: Thus, hypothermia to 32 degrees C does not alter MN-SSEP amplitude and global cerebral oxygen extraction during marked sodium nitroprusside-induced arterial hypotension with a mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg but prolongs MN-SSEP latencies during propofol-remifentanil anesthesia in individuals without cerebrovascular disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8bd78f8964249709ba33f7c1e229a33", "input": "Question: Is carbohydrate metabolism impaired after 3 years of growth hormone therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome?\nAnswer: Children with PWS are characterized by an intact insulin sensitivity with a decrease and a delay of insulin secretion, regardless of moderate obesity or GH treatment. In the present setting, the carbohydrate metabolism is not impaired by GH therapy, but by the excessively increased fat mass.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-737c9d770cd94877b157c5876413c3b6", "input": "Question: Does potassium ferrate [ Fe ( VI ) ] mediate self-sterilization of a surrogate Mars soil?\nAnswer: Based on our data and previously published descriptions of ancient but dormant life forms on Earth, we suggest that if entities resembling bacterial endospores were produced at some point by life forms on Mars, they might still be present and viable, given appropriate germination conditions. Endospores delivered to Mars on spacecraft would possibly survive and potentially compromise life detection experiments.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-feaf74280a054a6aad6de9c73a9bf4d0", "input": "Question: Does outcome trials of COX-2 selective inhibitors : global safety evaluation promise benefits?\nAnswer: The association of the reduced gastroerosive potential of coxibs with improved meaningful outcomes is debatable. Bias in the design of the trials, selection of outcome measures, post-hoc changes in analysis and the variables used, as well as flaws in the publication and reporting of trial results cast serious doubts on the gastrointestinal and global safety profile of coxibs. In addition, their high cost and the lack of clear identification of patients that would benefit most from treatment means the effectiveness of these drugs is uncertain at the moment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-667f946fd4414785bf393f0c44ce0e2b", "input": "Question: Are elastin polymorphism haplotype and intracranial aneurysms associated in Central Europe?\nAnswer: Our data probably reflect increased genetic heterogeneity of intracranial aneurysm in Europe compared with Japan.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9a8c0eeb501c4c30ab84176f0e684a36", "input": "Question: Does racemic ketamine abolish cerebrovascular autoregulation in the pig?\nAnswer: We conclude that autoregulation of CBF is not abolished during continuous ketamine infusion in normoventilated pigs and that previous divergent conclusions are unlikely to be associated with severe impairment of cerebrovascular autoregulation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ebff2ee772b24724af578e91c6742ac8", "input": "Question: Do non-dipper treated hypertensive patients have increased cardiac structural alterations?\nAnswer: In treated essential hypertensives with or without BP control the extent of nocturnal BP decrease is not associated with an increase in LV mass or LVH prevalence; therefore, the non-dipping profile, diagnosed on the basis of a single ABPM, does not identify hypertensive patients with greater cardiac damage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca6fcbbded7743848c4e2b56f0057066", "input": "Question: Do plasma cytokines reflect expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine mRNA at organ level after cardiopulmonary bypass in neonatal pigs?\nAnswer: The cytokine mRNA expression pattern was very different for the pigs killed already 0.5 h after the CPB procedure compared with the pigs killed 4 h post-CPB. The plasma cytokine levels poorly reflected mRNA expression of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-745ee92b9ea946f4907caf4bc9ec0224", "input": "Question: Do citation indexes reflect methodological quality in lung cancer randomised trials?\nAnswer: Journals with higher citation factors do not appear to publish clinical trials with higher levels of methodological quality, at least for trials in the field of lung cancer research.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8721c62db0fb4428b653cf89fea605bc", "input": "Question: Does prophylactic clip application decrease delayed bleeding after colonoscopic polypectomy?\nAnswer: Prophylactic clip placement did not decrease the occurrence of delayed bleeding after colonoscopic polypectomy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5d2f6972d98466b9aeabc1ee97b16ab", "input": "Question: Is operating room utilization alone an accurate metric for the allocation of operating room block time to individual surgeons with low caseloads?\nAnswer: Average OR utilization probably cannot be estimated precisely for low-volume surgeons based on 3 months or 1 yr of historical OR utilization data. The authors recommend that at surgical suites trying to allocate OR time to individual low-volume surgeons, OR allocations be based on criteria other than only OR utilization (e.g., based on OR efficiency).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b20b0ec8b81449fb3f74748cbb4a781", "input": "Question: Is the increase in thyroid cancer incidence only due to papillary microcarcinomas : a 40-year study in 1 778 patients?\nAnswer: The increase of thyroid cancer in this cohort was mainly due to tumors larger than 1 cm and also to smaller in size but invasive thyroid tumors. This increase outnumbers the increase in papillary thyroid microcarcinomas.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-47b01073ad734077964ca1bfbea55fef", "input": "Question: Do gleason 6 prostate tumors diagnosed in the PSA era demonstrate the capacity for metastatic spread at the time of radical prostatectomy?\nAnswer: In our large cohort of men with pathological Gleason 6 disease undergoing open RP, sBCR were attributable exclusively to local disease recurrences. Our findings support the conclusion that Gleason 6 disease exhibits a very low capacity for metastatic spread.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-401d7a8c236f431db857bc326ff0e975", "input": "Question: Do abnormal arterial blood gas and serum lactate levels alter disposition in adult blunt trauma patients after early computed tomography?\nAnswer: We found that abnormal ABG / SL results do not change management or discharge disposition in patients without clinical or radiographic evidence of traumatic injury on CT C&A. Among patients who receive CT C&A, the routine measurement of arterial blood gas and lactate may be an unnecessary source of additional cost, patient discomfort, and delay in care.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5cb5b642294b4fbeb055c5cd03e1cb5b", "input": "Question: Are endogenous sex hormones associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in menopausal women?\nAnswer: Estradiol and testosterone are not associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in menopausal women. A positive correlation between IMT and FSH may reflect an association between low estrogen and IMT. Abdominal fat can be an important link between androgenic levels and cardiovascular risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bdf19e1528e24b24aa8335f82cad959e", "input": "Question: Are posted emergency department wait times always accurate?\nAnswer: In one hospital system, publicly posted ED wait times show better accuracy in EDs that see 2,000 or fewer patients per month and less accuracy for an ED that sees 5,000 patients per month, likely due to flow confounders.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-22f6eeb544154e33abb54186d1e8a0ce", "input": "Question: Does aspirin sensitivity compromise quality-of-life outcomes in patients with Samter 's triad?\nAnswer: Although Samter's triad patients present with more severe disease and are more likely to undergo revision surgery, they have postoperative quality-of-life outcomes that are comparable to patients with eCRSwP who are not aspirin sensitive. This is the first study to utilize a disease-specific, validated outcomes instrument in comparing Samter's triad patients with aspirin-tolerant patients who have nasal polyposis and tissue eosinophilia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dabb7b00bf1c442d8d1a28c3115d2c35", "input": "Question: Do morphological parameters of lobular in situ neoplasia in stereotactic 11-gauge vacuum-assisted needle core biopsy predict the presence of malignancy on subsequent surgical excision?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that the diagnosis of pure LN on VANCB warrants follow-up excision, because clinicopathological parameters do not allow the prediction of which cases will present carcinoma at surgical excision.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6171b7cc38f24ad2bd2ee61de52c6137", "input": "Question: Is low serum vitamin D associated with an increase in mortality in oldest old subjects : the Octabaix three-year follow-up study?\nAnswer: In community-dwelling oldest old subjects, serum 25(OH)D levels were not associated with overall or CVD mortality after a 3-year follow-up.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f029b74b6da431b877b2adafd0411e6", "input": "Question: Does prolonged mental exertion alter neuromuscular function of the knee extensors?\nAnswer: These findings provide the first experimental evidence that prolonged mental exertion (i) does not reduce maximal muscle activation and (ii) does not increase the extent of central fatigue induced by subsequent endurance exercise. The negative effect of mental fatigue on endurance performance seems to be mediated by the higher perception of effort rather than impaired neuromuscular function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e6ee73c7a6334f78875c3baebc5225c4", "input": "Question: Is work volume in strength training affected by rest interval strategy?\nAnswer: Determining between-set RI based on ERR instead of using fixed intervals does not enable more work to be done in multiple-set/high intensity resistance training sessions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-353ce8743e4343b0a32f5a430dd2f353", "input": "Question: Is the ribbon-associated protein C-terminal-binding protein 1 essential for the structure and function of retinal ribbon synapses?\nAnswer: Overall the results suggest that CtBP1 protein is not essential for the formation of functional ribbon synapses in the retina.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a575a6748dde4c2bb6f3f3bf42aa49ef", "input": "Question: Does immunosenescence abrogate engraftment of murine allogeneic bone marrow?\nAnswer: Advanced age does not impair bone marrow engraftment, thereby widening the clinical potential of experimental protocols inducing transplantation tolerance through mixed chimerism.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ad9b7d1886c46f7a92ed9e06c59db0c", "input": "Question: Does full-dose chemotherapy in early stage breast cancer regardless of absolute neutrophil count and without G-CSF increase chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia?\nAnswer: Full-dose adjuvant chemotherapy may be given to patients with ESBC regardless of the day-before ANC, without significantly increasing the risk of CIFN. The chemotherapy regimen is the most significant predictor for CIFN.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7e2b4b29195048c7bebf518ff98dfe7d", "input": "Question: Is deworming a risk factor for the development of atopic diseases : a longitudinal study in Cuban school children?\nAnswer: Our results indicate that atopic diseases do not increase after anthelminthic treatment. Allergic sensitization on the other hand increases after deworming. As this increase appears only temporarily, deworming of schoolchildren does not seem to be a risk factor for the development of allergic sensitization, nor for atopic diseases.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef4ac02e03f94cb5bfc6b9566757da40", "input": "Question: Does trehalose affect the functions of human neutrophils in vitro?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that trehalose does not affect the cellular function, cytokine production, or release of PMN-elastase of human PMNs in an in vitro bacterial infection model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-93dcfe9c77e945998a53327edc82e912", "input": "Question: Are isokinetic concentric quadriceps and hamstring strength variables from the NFL Scouting Combine predictive of hamstring injury in first-year professional football players?\nAnswer: Isokinetic strength data collected from collegiate players at the NFL Scouting Combine were not useful for predicting risk of hamstring injury in subsequent professional NFL competition. These data call into question commonly accepted assumptions about risk factors for hamstring injury, at least for elite collegiate American football players, when the temporal relationship between Cybex testing and actual injury is several months.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-be04c32ca4ee400f89a5eb0c991c09c9", "input": "Question: Are traditional risk factors major contributors to the variance in carotid intima-media thickness?\nAnswer: Vascular risk factors explain only a small proportion of variance in cIMT. Identification of novel genetic and environmental factors underlying unexplained subclinical atherosclerosis is of utmost importance for future effective prevention of vascular disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4ccbbcc1b2ef4319bd56535cfe2d88f9", "input": "Question: Does soluble CD163 predict first-time myocardial infarction in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus : a nested case-control study?\nAnswer: sCD163 did not prove to be a useful biomarker for prediction of first-time MI in a HIV-infected population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c00d1d35abbd45279b3fcab3e38cb915", "input": "Question: Do biomarker surrogates accurately predict sputum eosinophil and neutrophil percentages in asthmatic subjects?\nAnswer: Despite statistically significant associations, Feno levels, IgE levels, blood eosinophil and neutrophil counts, FEV1 percent predicted, and age are poor surrogates, both separately and combined, for accurately predicting sputum eosinophil and neutrophil percentages.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ef4aa7d31b3418bbb4cc02366dd1be3", "input": "Question: Does morphology of the patent ductus arteriosus preclude successful patent ductus arteriosus stent implantation in high-risk patients undergoing hybrid stage I palliation : recommendations to optimize ductal stent positioning?\nAnswer: Mid- to long-term follow-up indicates that PDA stents remain widely patent regardless of ductal morphology until comprehensive stage II repair.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0681ae177db8434eb3f503d24d800002", "input": "Question: Does an invasive Mimosa in India adopt the symbionts of its native relatives?\nAnswer: The native Mimosa spp. in India are not nodulated by the Burkholderia symbionts of their South American relatives, but by a unique group of alpha-rhizobial microsymbionts that are closely related to the 'local' Old World Ensifer symbionts of other mimosoid legumes in north-west India. They appear not to share symbionts with the invasive M. pudica, symbionts of which are mostly beta-rhizobial.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4453ddd82d144ed387d527634e6bfbee", "input": "Question: Does cutaneous PEComa harbour TFE3 gene fusions : immunohistochemical and molecular study of 17 cases?\nAnswer: Cutaneous PEComas are mostly composed of clear cells, and, unlike a subset of visceral and deep-seated PEComas, cutaneous PEComas consistently lack TFE3 expression. Owing to the lack of SOX-10 expression, a neural crest origin could not be shown.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5acb366f4b645d2a22efaf17f373f17", "input": "Question: Are igG subclass antibodies to human and bacterial HSP60 associated with disease activity and progression over time in axial spondyloarthritis?\nAnswer: A significant association was observed between axial SpA and the presence of IgG1/IgG3 antibodies to human HSP60 and of IgG1 to S. enterica Enteritidis and C. trachomatis. Generation of antibodies to human HSP60 was independent of the presence of antibodies to bacterial HSP60. No association was observed between clinical and MRI changes with antibodies over time. Altogether, such antibodies do not reflect the disease activity in these patients. This study has been approved by the Regional Research Ethics Committee of Central Jutland, Denmark.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d44d4922c2e14a6f80696ec8458d238a", "input": "Question: Does moderate-intensity single exercise session induce renal damage?\nAnswer: A single session of moderate-intensity exercise was not associated with an increase in renal parameters used to assess renal damage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-df27308896ae44118c7f40b331d42daa", "input": "Question: Is orchidopexy without ligation of the processus vaginalis associated with an increased risk of inguinal hernia?\nAnswer: Our findings confirm that division without ligation of a patent processus vaginalis is usually followed by spontaneous peritoneal scarring and complete closure of the internal inguinal ring. Present technique is as effective as traditional orchidopexy and saves extra time spent for meticulous closure of the processus vaginalis or peritoneal tears.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-68f792f5eca742749b3ff6cf0e5d2025", "input": "Question: Is positive blood culture associated with increased mortality in patients with sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome?\nAnswer: This study suggests that the presence of positive blood culture is not associated with increased mortality; however, the mean durations of hospital and ICU stays in patients with sepsis-induced ARDS are increased.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-905c643886754366989136be64822b79", "input": "Question: Is existence of antigen-specific immunoglobulin E sufficient for allergic nasal eosinophil infiltration in mice?\nAnswer: IgE-mediated responses might not play a crucial role in antigen-induced eosinophil infiltration in AR.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dca2640ef42a40f5843dbb1352cc839d", "input": "Question: Are children who had congenital torticollis as infants at higher risk for a delay in motor development at preschool age?\nAnswer: Neither CMT nor spending limited periods of time as an infant in the prone position when awake have any significant long-term effects on motor development. Children who had CMT as infants were not at higher risk for a delay in motor development at preschool age.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-05097c621d4247b380fc689d37e8c217", "input": "Question: Does quercetin supplementation attenuate exercise performance and body composition in young female swimmers?\nAnswer: It is concluded that quercetin supplementation (1000 g/day) for 8 weeks in female athletes didn't show any significant association with exercise performance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1a9613ce5e9e4344b40489c5cb167421", "input": "Question: Does interfacility transfer of pediatric trauma patients by helicopter predict the need for urgent intervention?\nAnswer: Most pediatric trauma patients transferred by helicopter did not require interventions. Epidural hematoma, vascular compromise/open fracture, and penetrating neck/trunk injuries predicted prompt interventions (<2 hours) and may have benefited from helicopter transport. There was a disparity between the perceived need for rapid transport and the need for urgent interventions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f8b9276ef1af4f58b94ee75929c2d74a", "input": "Question: Is prenatal anteroposterior pelvic diameter cutoffs for postnatal referral for isolated pyelectasis and hydronephrosis : more always better?\nAnswer: Using these thresholds, we could avoid a significant number of followup ultrasounds in the prenatal and postnatal periods, as well as invasive postnatal tests (ie voiding cystourethrography and mercaptoacetyltriglycine scintigraphy) without missing even a single case of obstructive nephropathy requiring surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eab900abf3ac491ba886876b9e5dce0e", "input": "Question: Is papillary balloon dilation itself a cause of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis ; results of anterograde and retrograde papillary balloon dilation?\nAnswer: The rates of post-procedural pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia were significantly higher after retrograde dilation with EPBD than after antegrade dilation with PTPBD for the removal of bile duct stones. Although the mechanism of pancreatitis following papillary balloon dilation remains unclear, post-EPBD pancreatitis may be associated with procedures before and after balloon dilation similar to mechanical lithotripsy rather than balloon dilation itself.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6132f77b79cb4ecaa8d6083d6b3eae72", "input": "Question: Does acute hydrocortisone administration affect subjective responses to d-amphetamine in humans?\nAnswer: In contrast to the effects of glucocorticoids in rodent studies, these results indicate that an acute increase in cortisol does not enhance the psychostimulant effects of d-amphetamine in humans.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-77eb8a20aa7d439ab54c1e26f969fd51", "input": "Question: Are serum levels of inhibin B , unlike inhibin A and activin A , altered in women with preeclampsia?\nAnswer: Inhibin A and activin A, but not inhibin B, serum levels are markedly increased in women with preeclampsia. These hormones might serve as an endocrine marker for preeclampsia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-00f80b40618641b9b6f0c9ea6d2ff24f", "input": "Question: Do s-100beta protein levels correlate with stroke in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy under general anesthesia?\nAnswer: S-100 concentration slightly increased at the end of surgery and remained high until the first postoperative day in all patients. S-100 was not significantly different in the patients with postoperative stroke. S-100 did not serve as a marker for postoperative stroke after carotid artery surgery. This fact must be taken into account during further investigations of S-100.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5bdbb90582164f4081feedc588d152c4", "input": "Question: Are salivary cortisol levels and anxiety increased in women destined to develop preeclampsia?\nAnswer: Our findings do not lend support to a role for maternal anxiety or second trimester increases in circulating stress hormones in the pathogenesis of PE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe3dfb02686e48ae817d9b13e385f7cd", "input": "Question: Does local anesthesia block mustard-oil-induced temporomandibular inflammation?\nAnswer: Inflammation found in temporomandibular disorders and rheumatoid arthritis may result from mediators released by pain-sensing neurons. Local anesthesia failed to block simulated neurogenic temporomandibular inflammation in a rat model, suggesting that functional neuronal input may not be necessary for the promotion of inflammation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fe8bb85c6cc4424b932137aa1d2a559e", "input": "Question: Is a higher micronucleus yield in B-versus T-cells after low-dose gamma-irradiation linked with defective Ku86 protein?\nAnswer: From the results, it was concluded that the enhanced chromosomal radiosensitivity in B-cells is restricted to low doses (<1 Gy) of low LET radiation and that the chromosomal behaviour of B-cells to low LET radiation cannot be attributed to aberrant forms of the DNA-PK components. A type of chromosomal induced radioresistance (IRR) may be a possible explanation for the observed effect.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a900ccd9a6164467911c58cc2be0c366", "input": "Question: Does pentoxyfilline treatment influence the plasma levels of IL-2 and sIL-2R in limited scleroderma patients?\nAnswer: We concluded that elevated plasma levels of IL-2 and sIL-2R are markers of internal organ involvement in scleroderma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3dadee9907f14eb7ae2eb61289313e6c", "input": "Question: Does anti-rat ICAM-1 antibody influence the course of experimental melanin-induced uveitis?\nAnswer: We were unable to demonstrate an inhibitory effect of anti-rat ICAM-1 antibody on the outcome of EMIU. Our observations may reflect a redundancy in the adhesion molecule profile responsible for this uveitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b75d4f9fc8ab47a093c890f2b489812c", "input": "Question: Is ketorolac nephrotoxic in connection with sevoflurane anesthesia in patients undergoing breast surgery?\nAnswer: The different kinetics of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase indexed to urinary creatinine and serum inorganic fluoride during and after sevoflurane anesthesia suggest that the observed mild renal tubular function deterioration is not caused by inorganic fluoride. Administration of ketorolac IM is therefore considered safe in adequately hydrated healthy adult patients given sevoflurane anesthesia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-988d9b644389457e93ad761133d15875", "input": "Question: Does a paclitaxel-containing chemotherapy cause central nervous adverse effects : a prospective study in patients with ovarian cancer?\nAnswer: According to our results, a chemotherapy consisting of paclitaxel/carboplatin caused no signs of acute central nervous toxicity or neuropsychological deterioration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b15442a816543c18f7667679c6bb95a", "input": "Question: Do markers of renal tubular dysfunction measured annually predict risk of microalbuminuria in the first few years after diagnosis of Type I diabetes?\nAnswer: Raised amounts of urine retinol binding protein and N-acetyl-glycosaminidase are related to HbA1c and the duration of diabetes. They occur in the majority of subjects and are not early markers for the risk of microalbuminuria.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-adc69a8c24754fefb432bcb669adf0c9", "input": "Question: Are variants of neurogenin 3 gene associated with Type II diabetes in Japanese subjects?\nAnswer: Mutations and polymorphisms of ngn3 gene are not significantly associated with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in the Japanese subjects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a21b2269f75747e8966f45c23cf74748", "input": "Question: Is [ Spiral CT cholangiography suitable for routine diagnosis before laparoscopic cholecystectomy ]?\nAnswer: Spiral CT cholangiography is useful for the diagnosis of common bile duct stones. Because of the low positive predicting value routine use before laparoscopic cholecystectomy is not justified.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f428da10c27f472f8f5c6ccbae8cdc25", "input": "Question: Are polymorphisms in the promoter region and at codon 54 of the MBL2 gene associated with IgA nephropathy?\nAnswer: This study indicates that the analysed polymorphisms of the MBL gene do not appear to be primarily involved in the susceptibility and severity of IgAN.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5d40da0cc2e34a89ab895ec6e9a913e8", "input": "Question: Does prophylactically-administered rectal acetaminophen reduce postoperative opioid requirements in infants and small children undergoing elective cleft palate repair?\nAnswer: Acetaminophen is widely used prophylactically for postoperative analgesia in children and is thought to have an opioid-sparing effect. We showed that rectal acetaminophen up to 40 mg/kg administered at anesthesia induction lacked proof of efficacy, whereas IV opioid boluses resulted in reliable pain relief in children undergoing cleft palate repair.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3c4170677b4448829f4b8ab72ed80ee9", "input": "Question: Does red wine reduce mature atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice?\nAnswer: Neither ethanol nor red wine polyphenols reduced mature atherosclerosis or changed the content of collagen in plaques in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f6d3c53d3034032a097184c5f91b540", "input": "Question: Is [ Lung cancer in the Netherlands in the period 1989-1997 : the epidemic over yet ]?\nAnswer: The incidence and mortality of lung cancer among Dutch men decreased, but still in 1997 almost 20 men in the Netherlands died each day of lung cancer. Among women the end of the increase is not in sight and in 1997 over 5 women died each day of lung cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6d0da2f327c34878adfe39397a910713", "input": "Question: Does incidental parathyroidectomy during thyroid surgery cause transient symptomatic hypocalcemia?\nAnswer: Unintended parathyroidectomy, although not uncommon, is not associated with symptomatic postoperative hypocalcemia. Modified radical neck dissection may increase the risk of incidental parathyroidectomy. Most of the glands removed were intrathyroidal, so changes in surgical technique are unlikely to markedly reduce this risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7389cfee96bb4dd3bde7233d57692409", "input": "Question: Is von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor gene involved in sporadic human breast cancer?\nAnswer: These results strongly indicate against a critical involvement of the tumour suppressor vhl in breast carcinogenesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8472c0549a5540dcb33859e51a4285e9", "input": "Question: Is traditional couching an effective alternative procedure for cataract surgery in Mali?\nAnswer: In Mali, two types of providers offer two different interventions to treat cataract-blind persons. This study suggests that the couching method used by traditional healers is relatively expensive and ineffective. It is also potentially dangerous although this study did not address this question specifically. It is important that health policy makers and medical authorities do what they can to prevent traditional healers from performing the couching procedure, as well as informing the population about the existence of a more-effective and safer alternative. However, while more effective and safer, the results obtained by ICCE are not excellent either. Further, it is important to improve the quality of ophthalmic services in order to provide cataract patients with the best, most accessible and least expensive services possible.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a0f5c796d2ab41ae895b319413da4ffa", "input": "Question: Does timing of excessive ultraviolet radiation and melanoma : epidemiology support the existence of a critical period of high susceptibility to solar ultraviolet radiation- induced melanoma?\nAnswer: Our data do not provide supporting evidence for the existence of a 'critical period'. The hazardous impact of sunburns seems to persist lifelong and thus activities concerned with melanoma prevention should be directed to the entire population rather than being focused only on younger age groups.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-92fd4231061842ceabf10714f429a262", "input": "Question: Do residency program director evaluations correlate with performance on a required 4th-year objective structured clinical examination?\nAnswer: We concluded that program director evaluations of resident performance do not appear to correlate with objective tests of either clinical skills or knowledge taken during medical school. These findings suggest that more structured and objective evaluative tools might improve postgraduate training program assessment of trainees.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-de6c24fac88845e5b2cd665e5b7195b7", "input": "Question: Does the rate of tumour growth distinguish between malignant and benign thyroid nodules?\nAnswer: The rate of growth of thyroid nodules as documented by ultrasound did not prove to be useful in distinguishing between malignancy and benign disease of small thyroid nodules (<20 mm).", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-beda17f6c1774e729732d03af6b02ea9", "input": "Question: Do m\u00fcller cells influence leukocyte adhesion to retinal endothelial cells?\nAnswer: These results show that M\u00fcller cells do not influence leukocyte adhesion under the in vitro conditions used in this study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-67483050900b48608e4d6ff102d21d36", "input": "Question: Is interaction of the growth and tumour suppressor NORE1A with microtubules required for its growth-suppressive function?\nAnswer: The interaction of NORE1A with microtubules is mediated by MAP1B, but not C19ORF5 protein. Interaction of NORE1A with centrosomes is not dependent on C19ORF5 or MAP1B, and appears to involve a different mechanism independent of binding to microtubules. The NORE1A microtubular localization is not required for growth suppression.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-13898473a5ef4f95b923b6a64457dfa9", "input": "Question: Is blood pressure associated with haematoma enlargement in acute intracerebral haemorrhage?\nAnswer: In an exploratory analysis, we did not find an association between BP and HE within the first 24 h after an acute ICH.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7c95ef0510454dcf86bb3538ae750cf5", "input": "Question: Do female and male chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with severe dyspnea profit less from pulmonary rehabilitation?\nAnswer: Patients with severe dyspnea did not benefit less from PR. Gender did not influence PR outcome in this study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5834cfa7644476f8e4403db1772619a", "input": "Question: Are histological features of human abdominal aortic aneurysm related to clinical characteristics?\nAnswer: We conclude that histologically AAA could not be classified in analogy to clinical characteristics. We suggest that progression of large AAA is mainly determined by parameters other than histological features of the diseased vessel wall.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5947f604eb3b46a38fa22b4661d52dc4", "input": "Question: Is the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele associated with cognitive dysfunction in cardiac surgery?\nAnswer: Preexisting cognitive impairment and postoperative cognitive dysfunction are not associated with APOE epsilon4 genotype, suggesting that cognitive impairment both before and after CABG may not be associated with degenerative cognitive decline.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d1b9f82ba8094f18b8a32cd40cc454be", "input": "Question: Is transgene-induced gene silencing affected by a change in ploidy level?\nAnswer: Our results in A. thaliana indicated that there is no effect of ploidy level on transgene-induced post-transcriptional gene silencing. Our findings that post-transcriptional mechanisms were equally effective in diploids and tetraploids supports the use of transgene-driven post-transcriptional gene silencing as a useful mechanism to modify gene expression in polyploid species.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-00cf1eb9b3864653a7711b4155c7bc61", "input": "Question: Does systemic delivery of DNA or siRNA mediated by linear polyethylenimine ( L-PEI ) induce an inflammatory response?\nAnswer: Taken together our data highlight that linear polyethylenimine is a delivery reagent of choice for nucleic acid therapeutics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7a741f0ba1894e4f887afb999b9116ff", "input": "Question: Is endoscopic subureteral injection less expensive than outpatient open reimplantation for unilateral vesicoureteral reflux?\nAnswer: In terms of total system reimbursement it is less expensive in our system to treat unilateral vesicoureteral reflux with unilateral extravesical reimplantation than with subureteral Deflux injection using dextranomer-hyaluronic acid. The ability to perform unilateral reimplantation as an outpatient procedure has shifted this relationship.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-27cfaedbd3714accbda3d067fda8a409", "input": "Question: Is the L162V polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha gene ( PPARA ) associated with type 2 diabetes , BMI or body fat composition?\nAnswer: According to our study, the L162V SNP does not have a strong impact on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes or obesity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e6582aec27484e04af4b12fbad9c8e1e", "input": "Question: Do simple counts of ADL dependencies adequately reflect older adults ' preferences toward states of functional impairment?\nAnswer: Our results suggest that the count of ADL dependencies does not adequately represent the utility for a health state. Cost-effectiveness analyses and other evaluations of programs that prevent or treat functional dependency should apply utility weights rather than relying on simple ADL counts.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1998c8ef23ae4de8aeaf22641abc79dc", "input": "Question: Is magnetic resonance arteriography/venography accurate to structure management of the impalpable testis?\nAnswer: Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging or magnetic resonance arteriography/venography does not accurately identify or localize impalpable testes in the age group typically presenting to pediatric urologists. Accuracy at our institution is discrepant with that in previous studies. We do not recommend using magnetic resonance imaging or magnetic resonance arteriography/venography for the possible observation of vanishing testes or nubbins and we recommend surgical exploration in all individuals.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-88cdd12cb53f486bbb757b3b1c247b10", "input": "Question: Does multivisceral resection affect morbidity and survival after cytoreductive surgery and chemoperfusion for carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: Increased risk of complications is associated with the number of intestinal anastomoses, but not with multivisceral resection in CS-HIPEC. Long-term survival is not affected by the number of resected organs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0328e86e0c9a483fab784908baaf50c9", "input": "Question: Does infection of sabA-positive H. pylori induce anti-Lewis X antibody in host?\nAnswer: Possession of the sabA gene by infected H. pylori strain might not associate with the presence of anti-LeX antibody in the host. Possession of sabA gene by infected H. pylori might not associate with severity of gastric mucosal inflammation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b62e735900814c79999c1810ab9a9ae8", "input": "Question: Does cinacalcet affect the activity of cytochrome P450 3A enzymes , a metabolic pathway for common immunosuppressive agents : a randomized , open-label , crossover , single-centre study in healthy volunteers?\nAnswer: Once-daily administration of cinacalcet did not alter the pharmacokinetics of midazolam relative to administration of midazolam alone. These data suggest that cinacalcet administration does not affect CYP3A activity, and thus would not have an effect on any drug eliminated via CYP3A, including some commonly used immunosuppressant therapies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ae559fa997364b2f9e3db55c7b2353e8", "input": "Question: Are cost and utilisation of healthcare resources during rehabilitation after ankle fracture linked to health insurance , income , gender , or pain : an observational study?\nAnswer: Information on costs and utilisation of healthcare resources can be used to plan health services, eg, the number of physiotherapy sessions required after ankle fracture. Private health insurance, income level, gender, or pain did not influence the costs or the decision behind seeking care over and above publicly-provided physiotherapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c85afa7ab36140f2943dee508b990e03", "input": "Question: Does eSR1 promoter hypermethylation predict atypia in RPFNA nor persistent atypia after 12 months tamoxifen chemoprevention?\nAnswer: Results from this single institution pilot study provide evidence that, unlike for invasive breast cancer, ESR1 promoter hypermethylation and/or low ER expression is not a reliable marker of tamoxifen-resistant atypia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c2b566a021554ccc930d0c1a5d2b8fc5", "input": "Question: Are progesterone receptor gene polymorphisms associated with preterm birth in a Hispanic population?\nAnswer: The present study suggests that polymorphisms in the progesterone receptor gene are unlikely to be associated with an increased risk of preterm birth in a Hispanic population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1283956f602141e08c8db123b4dca39b", "input": "Question: Is vincristine-induced neuropathy in the rat modified by drug-drug interactions with the P-glycoprotein inhibitor verapamil?\nAnswer: Behavioral pain tests did not reveal an increase in vincristine neurotoxicity following combination treatment with verapamil and vincristine. This regimen only led to a slight increase in general toxicity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0fef11cb24724e7b81d5bc1ed432d55e", "input": "Question: Is reduced weight gain with insulin detemir compared to NPH insulin explained by a reduction in hypoglycemia?\nAnswer: Hypoglycemia is predictive of weight gain with NPH insulin, but the same relationship is not seen with insulin detemir. It is therefore likely that the weight-sparing effect of insulin detemir involves other mechanisms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5632334be35f414a9acdac8a9bef8aad", "input": "Question: Do the gingipains from Porphyromonas gingivalis directly induce osteoclast differentiation in primary mouse bone marrow cultures?\nAnswer: The data presented here demonstrate that the gingipains do not induce osteoclast differentiation in this system, indicating that the bacterium uses other mechanisms to induce bone loss.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e6ced957d3642c2b6935d866f49b6a7", "input": "Question: Is lactogenic differentiation of HC11 cells accompanied by downregulation of AP-2 transcription factor genes?\nAnswer: The extent of lactogenic differentiation of HC11 cells in vitro is limited compared to mammary epithelium undergoing secretory differentiation in vivo. Downregulation of AP-2 transcription factor genes is not required for lactogenic differentiation of HC11 cells but may functionally be involved in aspects of lactogenic differentiation in vivo that are not reflected by the HC11 system.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0f5af990f8334129bd78e858dc13d5ac", "input": "Question: Are homocysteine and carotid intima-media thickness in ischemic stroke patients correlated?\nAnswer: Serum levels of homocysteine were not correlated with cIMT in ischemic stroke patients. Both folate and vitB12 were decreased in hyperhomocysteinemic ischemic stroke patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-afebfb38d12446e091cccbd8c5785e54", "input": "Question: Are respiratory disorders more common in farmers . Results from a study on Icelandic animal farmers?\nAnswer: The prevalence of respiratory disorders and symptoms among Icelandic farmers is currently similar to non-farmers. This may suggest that modernization of the agricultural environment has had a positive effect on workers' health.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-983fa01bbbfc435d8a4e8adf314bd20c", "input": "Question: Is perioperative treatment with infliximab in patients with Crohn 's disease and ulcerative colitis associated with an increased rate of postoperative complications?\nAnswer: Preoperative IFX was not associated with an increased rate of cumulative postoperative complications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-30a21cfc44fb4ad4a2ed9bcef7e842de", "input": "Question: Are currently recommended treatments of childhood constipation evidence based : a systematic literature review on the effect of laxative treatment and dietary measures?\nAnswer: Insufficient evidence exists supporting that laxative treatment is better than placebo in children with constipation. Compared to all other laxatives, PEG achieved more treatment success, but results on defecation frequency were conflicting. Based on the results of this review, we can give no recommendations to support one laxative over the other for childhood constipation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce82db4a313848cead4b3799eaed41d7", "input": "Question: Is the inverse starving test a suitable provocation test for Gilbert 's syndrome?\nAnswer: The inverse starving test is not an appropriate provocation test for patients with suspected GS. The 100% prevalence of the UGT1A1 polymorphism in our cohort underlines that the diagnosis of GS may be substantiated with this simple molecular test in patients with an uncertain diagnosis of GS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1af789952c4b4dc29300cbf1e0eadf42", "input": "Question: Do increases in spinal cerebrospinal fluid potassium concentration increase isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration in rats?\nAnswer: The results do not support a mediation or modulation of MAC by K(+) channels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ad8576679444171936b4d004537945d", "input": "Question: Do novel meta-analysis-derived type 2 diabetes risk loci determine prediabetic phenotypes?\nAnswer: In contrast to the first series of GWA-derived type 2 diabetes candidate SNPs, we could not detect reliable associations of the novel risk loci with prediabetic phenotypes. Possible weak effects of ADAMTS9 SNP rs4607103 and VEGFA SNP rs9472138 on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion, respectively, await further confirmation by larger studies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d332e65a41e44231927bfc57d19f18a2", "input": "Question: Is minimally invasive thyroid and parathyroid surgery a question of length of the incision?\nAnswer: Thyroid and parathyroid operations that minimize the incision but keep it in the neck may be considered minimally invasive not only in respect of the size of the skin incision but also, and above all, in respect of the accessibility of the operative field and extent of dissection. These operations have some advantages over conventional cervicotomy in terms of postoperative pain and cosmetic results. Until now, there is no evidence to state that morbidity of these new approaches is at least equal to the conventional equivalent. Operations that employ an extracervical approach, which have the advantage of leaving no scar in the neck, cannot reasonably be described as minimally invasive, as they require more dissection than conventional open surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4153dffe4e8e484b81abd5f36e250844", "input": "Question: Does hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 2 or 3 affect viral response in patients treated with peginterferon alpha-2a ( 40KD ) ( PEGASYS ) plus ribavirin ( COPEGUS ) for 16 or 24 weeks?\nAnswer: Steatosis did not influence the efficacy of treatment in our study population. Baseline viral load is a confounding factor, particularly in patients infected with genotype 3 and once baseline viral load was accounted for, the association between steatosis and SVR was not relevant.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-75f6e00dd98a433fb5f9517909759c00", "input": "Question: Is promoter polymorphism of cyclooxygenase-1 ( COX1 ) associated with ulcerative colitis in the Japanese population?\nAnswer: This research suggests that COX1 promoter polymorphisms (T-1676C and A-842G/ C50T) may not be associated with the risk of developing ulcerative colitis in a Japanese population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-97562ab2afd44bd2a95f0c213c6f65fe", "input": "Question: Does increased dietary cholesterol increase plasma low density lipoprotein when accompanied by an energy-restricted diet and weight loss?\nAnswer: An increased intake of dietary cholesterol from two eggs a day, does not increase total plasma or LDL cholesterol when accompanied by moderate weight loss. These findings suggest that cholesterol-rich foods should not be excluded from dietary advice to lose weight on account of an unfavorable influence on plasma LDL cholesterol.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b25afcce8d334ea3b00db9b6619ccad1", "input": "Question: Does admission C-reactive protein predict functional outcomes in patients with strokes in a subacute rehabilitation unit?\nAnswer: Serum CRP level does not predict functional outcome at discharge on inpatient rehabilitation for stroke.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7dd188d9da5f4ca0923399263516c0b6", "input": "Question: Is the GCR2 gene family required for ABA control of seed germination and early seedling development in Arabidopsis?\nAnswer: These results provide compelling genetic evidence that GCR2 is unlikely to act as a receptor for ABA in the context of either seed germination or early seedling development.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0296567113e240aab825ff1f2174f3aa", "input": "Question: Does myocardial infarction further impair renal damage in 5/6 nephrectomized rats?\nAnswer: MI does not further deteriorate structural renal damage induced by 5/6NX compared with 5/6NX alone. Furthermore, renal haemodynamic impairment occurs after MI, which can be improved applying ACEi therapy. Therefore, we conclude that treatment with ACEi should be optimized in patients with chronic kidney disease after MI to improve renal function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8760f6e4de2e44758e1c6ce3390e6212", "input": "Question: Does bIS predict dreams reported after anaesthesia?\nAnswer: Dreaming during anaesthesia seems to be a separate phenomenon, not in general related to insufficient anaesthesia as indicated by high BIS levels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-022b68c51de748508b984d9937be4a56", "input": "Question: Does topical anesthesia with EMLA decrease pain during vasectomy?\nAnswer: Topical anesthesia with EMLA did not significantly decrease the pain associated with percutaneous vasectomy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5a795b0183e4eb2a3b3116e2a5333a4", "input": "Question: Is dRD3 Ser9Gly variant associated with essential tremor in a series of Italian patients?\nAnswer: These results do not support an association between DRD3 Ser9Gly and susceptibility to ET in Italian patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1ddeff1d8f1f48139710ed3a9c43a0d3", "input": "Question: Does ketamine reduce postoperative morphine consumption after tonsillectomy in children?\nAnswer: The addition of ketamine 0.25 mg/kg at induction of anesthesia did not decrease postoperative morphine consumption in children undergoing tonsillectomy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-faabe2a9e533424a9fbd3c1cd9aa5107", "input": "Question: Are transplanted bone marrow stromal cells cellular origin of hepatocellular carcinomas in a mouse model of carcinogenesis?\nAnswer: Hepatic stem cells derived from the bone marrow stromal cells have a low malignant potential in our mouse model of chemical hepatocarcingenesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b56d2467448a4ba7a4475df875af4524", "input": "Question: Does favorable response to analgesics predict a benign etiology of headache?\nAnswer: A favorable response to analgesics including triptans should not be used to exclude a serious secondary cause of HA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0520fd9ec7de4e5cb309de8842a46fcf", "input": "Question: Does pre-transplant quality of life predict survival after lung transplantation?\nAnswer: Results suggest that scores on the various HRQL measures before transplantation did not predict survival after lung transplantation. The present results do not support the usefulness of pre-transplant HRQL measures for the selection of lung transplant candidates or their urgency for transplantation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-89bca6f3fa394b2680aeac155785578a", "input": "Question: Are intraoperative dreams reported after general anaesthesia early interpretations of delayed awareness?\nAnswer: We found a statistically significant association between dreams reported after general anaesthesia and awareness, although intraoperative dreams were not an early interpretation of delayed awareness in any case. A typical dreamer in this study is a lean female having a short procedure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-11b0037b380b4322b8afac3abc086114", "input": "Question: Is mRNA expression of RRM1 , ERCC1 and ERCC2 associated with chemosensitivity to cisplatin , carboplatin and gemcitabine in human lung cancer cell lines?\nAnswer: These in vitro results suggest that further studies are needed to evaluate the expression of the RRM1, ERCC1 and ERCC2 genes as predictive biomarkers for sensitivity to platinum agents and gemcitabine.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fed14c8e60f248338dbdba5bad2c7083", "input": "Question: Are the microneme proteins CTRP and SOAP essential for Plasmodium berghei ookinete to oocyst transformation in vitro in a cell free system?\nAnswer: Neither CTRP nor SOAP is required for parasite transformation in vitro. By-passing the midgut lumen allows for the transformation of P. berghei CTRP-KO ookinetes suggesting that it is not required for transformation in vivo.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc71c1c09a2d43bd8df87cf4c9b2e0d8", "input": "Question: Does sitagliptin , an dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor , alter the pharmacokinetics of the sulphonylurea , glyburide , in healthy subjects?\nAnswer: Sitagliptin does not alter the pharmacokinetics of glyburide in healthy subjects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8123621c47b84e97be023f2cc082f4c6", "input": "Question: Is incomplete pregnancy associated with breast cancer risk : the California Teachers Study?\nAnswer: These results provide strong evidence that there is no relationship between incomplete pregnancy and breast cancer risk.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f245d5ac998c4dabbb4468761bebbcf1", "input": "Question: Is alpha-Hemoglobin stabilizing protein a suitable marker for a screening test for variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?\nAnswer: We conclude that quantitation of AHSP is not likely to be useful for detection of preclinical prion disease in man.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9617f5ae6aa4ce1a28289c5b9775ab4", "input": "Question: Does preoperative weight gain predict failure of weight loss or co-morbidity resolution of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity?\nAnswer: The results of our study have shown that weight loss before laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is not mandatory and might deter patients from considering weight loss surgery. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass can be performed safely with equivalent co-morbidity resolution and %EWL regardless of PWG or PWL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-692634fefc1e46bda989bb85d685fa6a", "input": "Question: Is soluble Nogo-A in CSF a useful biomarker for multiple sclerosis?\nAnswer: A 25 kD band is detectable on Western blots stained with Nogo-A antibody in almost all CSF specimens, but is darker in MS specimens. Our results suggest this band is immunoglobulin light chains rather than Nogo-A. It is not likely to be a useful biomarker for multiple sclerosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f7afb21cfc1144f4ba0d14809568b4fc", "input": "Question: Is balloon-assisted coiling of intracranial aneurysms associated with a higher complication rate?\nAnswer: When BAC is used frequently, it is a safe and effective technique that is associated with complication rates comparable to those of CC. Although BAC is not associated with more stable anatomical results, it should be considered as an alternative therapeutic option for the treatment of broad-based intracranial aneurysms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2b964af10c62489ab83c58c4473a879e", "input": "Question: Does carriage of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR ) C677T polymorphism influence the first and second trimester uterine artery Doppler flow?\nAnswer: In summary, the data presented in this adequately powered, prospective, controlled study establish that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism does not influence Doppler flow measurements.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-29fc0283017145ea9e4427883604de9b", "input": "Question: Does gender of respondent affect the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Household Food Security Scale?\nAnswer: This research demonstrates that the psychometric properties of the EBIA are not affected by respondent gender in Brazil. The results of this study support the validity of the proposed scale, suggesting that the scale will provide accurate information regardless of respondent gender for governments, researchers and agencies concerned with reducing epidemic levels of food insecurity and the resulting health disparities.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c1ed289e0ea748178449cf431004dc5b", "input": "Question: Are chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 2 ( CSPG2 ) gene polymorphisms rs173686 and rs251124 associated with intracranial aneurysms in Chinese Han nationality?\nAnswer: The data do not support the hypothesis that the two SNPs (rs173686 and rs251124) in the promoter region of the CSPG2 gene influence the development of intracranial aneurysms in Chinese Han nationality.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c6c01e41588a4684894c1839d57c8ed2", "input": "Question: Do stereotactic MRI in DYT1 dystonia : focal signal abnormalities in the basal ganglia contraindicate deep brain stimulation?\nAnswer: T(1)-hypointense/T(2)-hyperintense signal abnormalities are common findings in the putamen and globus pallidus of DYT1 patients but do not contraindicate DBS. However, their presence within the GPi may reduce the efficacy of DBS treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-05963c1a956341449afa5ae02e47b0af", "input": "Question: Is recurrence after surgery for varices in the groin dependent on body mass index?\nAnswer: There is no relevant difference in BMI between the two commonest REVAS groups. This may be due to small sample size, but confidence limits for difference of.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b60e3b9ae7b14d6981bee2aaf53f304b", "input": "Question: Does central venous oxygen saturation correlate with the venous oxygen saturation at the surgical site during abdominal surgery?\nAnswer: Our results show a lack of correlation between central venous oxygen saturations and oxygen saturations in the draining veins of the surgical site during major abdominal surgery. Measurement of central venous oxygen saturations does not seem to be a good surrogate for the local oxygen supply in the field of interest in major abdominal surgery even under standardized conditions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-20dd85f9b8d34c78bf33c2ca64a0cb47", "input": "Question: Does portal venous stasis during liver resection affect platelet aggregability?\nAnswer: Induced platelet aggregability is not affected by the method of surgical bleeding control used in liver resection. Platelet aggregability seems to be resistant even to portal venous stasis of up to 50 min during Pringle manoeuvre.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b5b9e7b20bb64e8b99b5eafc90274b8f", "input": "Question: Is the steady-state pharmacokinetics of atazanavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected adult outpatients affected by gender-related co-factors?\nAnswer: Atazanavir/ritonavir steady-state pharmacokinetics was comparable in men and women, despite gender-related significant differences in atazanavir dose/body weight. The administration of atazanavir/ritonavir is pharmacokinetically safe; 95% of all trough samples were above the recommended plasma concentration of 150 ng/mL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5a224d384fe4eb4b53615b15313376a", "input": "Question: Is the effect of birthweight upon insulin resistance and associated cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence explained by fetal growth velocity in the third trimester as measured by repeated ultrasound fetometry?\nAnswer: In the present study, FGV did not explain the impact of birthweight upon the metabolic phenotype in adolescence. This suggests that fetal growth prior to the third trimester or postnatal catch-up growth plays a more important role.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-362f3833499c48988e5e1ecdc67427a8", "input": "Question: Does enoxaparin ameliorate limb ischemia-reperfusion injury?\nAnswer: Post hoc administration of enoxaparin did not affect local tissue thrombosis, inflammatory markers, or muscle necrosis. This suggests that despite its potent in vivo activity, enoxaparin did not modulate skeletal muscle injury, thrombosis, or inflammatory following ischemia reperfusion. enoxaparin may not be useful in mediating skeletal muscle injury when administered in a clinically relevant scenario.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e2c29a6feb404398a976852ac62923ac", "input": "Question: Does sublingual application of liquid nitrendipine result in critical hypotension in healthy volunteers under phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition?\nAnswer: Sublingual nitrendipine seems to be safe for self-treatment of an anginal attack in patients with stable coronary artery disease, who have taken a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor. However, our findings on hemodynamic changes in apparently healthy volunteers have to be confirmed in patients with coronary artery disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9046aad3cf64910b7d3f972de42e946", "input": "Question: Does transdermal oxygen improve sternal wound oxygenation in patients recovering from cardiac surgery?\nAnswer: Additional inspired oxygen improved Pao(2) and sternal wound PsqO(2) after bypass and may, consequently, reduce infection risk. However, oxygen insufflated locally into an occlusive dressing did not improve wound PsqO(2) and, therefore, does not appear to be useful clinically in cardiac surgery patients to reduce sternal wound infections.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-087a8822e555462a8363aec92fd996e8", "input": "Question: Does the presence of horseshoe kidney affect the outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotomy?\nAnswer: PNL is the treatment of choice for large and/or complex stones. The presence of a horseshoe kidney does not affect the outcome of PNL. Upper pole access is usually preferred, and flexible nephroscopy is essential to maximize stone-free rates. SA and metabolic data support the premise that calculus formation is a metabolic event.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f562c9680c0c4efb96401da8c0f04c1a", "input": "Question: Does quantitative ultrasound identify patients with an inflammatory disease at risk of vertebral deformities?\nAnswer: Our findings imply that QUS measurements of the calcaneus in patients with an inflammatory condition, such as sarcoidosis and IBD, are likely of limited value to identify patients with a vertebral fracture.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-250e8925f2614c4b8acda9584266abfd", "input": "Question: Is low-grade chronic inflammation accompanied by structural arterial injury in polycystic ovary syndrome?\nAnswer: This study suggests that PCOS itself is not associated with structural arterial injury, carotid IMT is not linked to low-grade chronic inflammation and hyperandrogenism may be associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk in young women with PCOS. Additional research is needed to clarify these findings.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-36800207e87d4d4e9f5c9da0d46442e6", "input": "Question: Do statins adversely affect post-interventional residual platelet aggregation and outcomes in patients undergoing coronary stenting treated by dual antiplatelet therapy?\nAnswer: Peri-procedural co-administration of statins does not increase the post-interventional RPA in cardiovascular patients treated with dual antiplatelet therapy and does not worsen the clinical prognosis of these patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8e9199ac5ff4e8b8c555e08cf9eac51", "input": "Question: Does altered calcium homeostasis explain the contractile deficit of diabetic cardiomyopathy?\nAnswer: We find no evidence to support the idea that altered Ca(2+) homeostasis underlies the contractile deficit of diabetic cardiomyopathy. The slower action potential and reduced SERCA2a expression can explain the slower Ca(2+) transient kinetics in diabetic rats but not the contractile deficit. Instead, we suggest that the observed LV remodeling may play a crucial role.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f9d1395aa116477890b4d340d0385de6", "input": "Question: Are reliability studies of diagnostic tests using enough observers for robust estimation of interobserver agreement : a simulation study?\nAnswer: The majority of the current agreement studies is likely limited by the number of readers and is unlikely to produce a reliable estimate of reader agreement.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0fe6aa196db54eb3a030442133a88ec3", "input": "Question: Do beliefs and attitudes of nurses and physicians about resuscitate orders and who should speak to patients and families about them?\nAnswer: Staff nurses were more likely than their physician colleagues to believe they should be allowed to initiate DNR discussions, were more confident in their ability to discuss DNR than house officers, and had more positive attitudes. These results suggest further exploration of the role nurses should play in the DNR process.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-04d4ece0c81e4b358e353b02e14fa344", "input": "Question: Does imiquimod affect shedding of viable chlamydiae in a murine model of Chlamydia trachomatis genital tract infection?\nAnswer: Imiquimod has no efficacy in controlling C. trachomatis (MoPn) infection in the murine model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d9577d4ca0374d98a69f58ab0bd581b0", "input": "Question: Does complications during set-up procedures for laparoscopy in gynecology : open laparoscopy reduce the risk of major complications?\nAnswer: Open laparoscopy does not reduce the risk of major complications during the set-up procedures for laparoscopy. Randomized prospective trials are indispensable for comparing the risks involved with the classic technique and those of open laparoscopy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f9c699cb99624d04b7f70b528baaf192", "input": "Question: Does violence influence early pregnancy loss?\nAnswer: Although physical violence was very prevalent in the study population, exposure to violence did not influence the risk of SAB.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ffafe064985647a181a4ff3a5173db77", "input": "Question: Do plastic wound protectors affect wound infection rates following laparoscopic-assisted colectomy?\nAnswer: The wound protector, although useful for mechanical retraction of small wounds, does not significantly diminish the rate of wound infection at the bowel resection/anastomotic site. Patients undergoing elective resection for inflammatory processes have higher infection rates than patients undergoing laparoscopic-assisted colectomy for polyps or cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-515f2709afcd46e6ac971982e1630c83", "input": "Question: Do numbers of neurons in the retinal ganglion cell layer of the rat change throughout life?\nAnswer: When rats are kept under standard conditions, there is no neuronal loss in the retina during aging, although the cell density does decrease as a result of retinal expansion. It is not sufficient to measure retinal cell density to determine cell loss. In addition, it is important to know that in normal conditions there is no cell loss in the retinal ganglion cell layer as a result of aging. Any loss that is seen must be a result of additional factors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-16d499f3c20d4f4ba12da2b6d47dda42", "input": "Question: Does one size fit all : how the tobacco industry has altered cigarette design to target consumer groups with specific psychological and psychosocial needs?\nAnswer: Cigarette brands created to address the psychological/psychosocial needs of smokers may increase the likelihood of smoking initiation and addiction. Awareness of targeted product development will improve smoking cessation and prevention efforts.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a97eecfd1cc4f2888022ea7a6e0e9db", "input": "Question: Are three novel polymorphisms in the promoter region of the TIMP-3 gene associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus?\nAnswer: Polymorphisms in the promoter region of the TIMP-3 gene were not associated with the PDR in the Caucasian T2DM patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd902e118a62403581bc2b7698fc368e", "input": "Question: Are homocysteine status and polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase associated with restenosis after stenting in coronary arteries?\nAnswer: Elevated levels of homocysteine and 2 polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene are not associated with restenosis after stenting in coronary arteries.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-71d03368792343b7a26a7eaf131178fc", "input": "Question: Is high-dose vasopressin superior to norepinephrine in septic shock?\nAnswer: Vasopressin, in doses sufficient to replace the vasopressor norepinephrine, had mixed effects in septic shock patients. Hepatosplanchnic blood flow was preserved during substantial reduction in cardiac output. An increased gastric PCO2 gap suggests that the gut blood flow could have been redistributed to the disadvantage of the mucosa. Based on these limited data, it does not appear beneficial to directly replace norepinephrine with vasopressin in septic shock.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-269bf6021742452da5d232449daaeefd", "input": "Question: Does training in tasks with different visual-spatial components improve virtual arthroscopy performance?\nAnswer: One hour of training in different visual-spatial contexts was not enough to improve the performance in virtual arthroscopy tasks. It cannot be excluded, however, that experienced trainees could improve their performance, because perceived similarity between different situations is influenced by many psychological factors, such as the knowledge or expertise of the person performing the transfer task.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f8b9575650504111b322df983088b4f2", "input": "Question: Does partial meniscectomy in the presence of severe osteoarthritis hasten the symptomatic progression of osteoarthritis?\nAnswer: Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy in the presence of Outerbridge grade IV degenerative change is likely to improve symptoms initially in patients with symptomatic meniscal tears and may provide lasting benefit. It does not appear to hasten the progression of the osteoarthritis in these patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-14317f7bdba3499aa0c7d2e13182abfe", "input": "Question: Involve dose and time changes in liver alcohol dehydrogenase ( ADH ) activity during acute alcohol intoxication only class I but also class III ADH and govern elimination rate of blood ethanol?\nAnswer: Liver ADH activity changes dose and time dependently during acute alcohol intoxication and governs the elimination rate of blood ethanol through the involvement not only of class I but also of class III ADH.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b6d2e29730974d7d8fdc48086aa0fb53", "input": "Question: Does vaccination with DNA vaccines encoding MPB70 or MPB83 or a MPB70 DNA prime-protein boost protect cattle against bovine tuberculosis?\nAnswer: Vaccination of calves with MPB70 or MPB83 DNA vaccines or with a more immunogenic MPB70 DNA prime-protein boost strategy did not induce protection against bovine tuberculosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab6716570f93442fa7706f56bdc5ed00", "input": "Question: Does pimecrolimus affect Langerhans cells in murine epidermis?\nAnswer: It is therefore unlikely that topically applied pimecrolimus affects epidermal LCs, in contrast to corticosteroids.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-832a9bd0ff31401cb5dbdf2cad5ff20a", "input": "Question: Is the beating heart approach necessary for the Dor procedure?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate that the Dor technique of ventricular restoration significantly improves left ventricular function and the beating heart approach provides no additional advantage over continuous aortic cross clamping.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b0a1fecc1c274f77acc41ee086abd32e", "input": "Question: Is malnutrition related to alterations in energy balance in patients with stable liver cirrhosis?\nAnswer: Cirrhotic patients in stable clinical condition with malnutrition show a normal energy balance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-209d86abfc2e4c7dbc3d90f1ff111617", "input": "Question: Do continence alterations after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis diminish quality of life?\nAnswer: Although continence is clearly altered after pelvic pouch surgery, quality of life is extremely well preserved.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5876c886f4f4404b3b88730bc15438b", "input": "Question: Are regular visitors good substitutes for assessment of elderly patient satisfaction with nursing home care and services?\nAnswer: Visitors were not able to provide information on elderly patients' satisfaction with nursing home. Their assessments were milder than patient assessments. The NHSQ is reliable for use in either population, but patient and visitor assessments should not be merged in satisfaction studies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-03fab746398f4398a51875359f979710", "input": "Question: Does early administration of antibiotics shorten time to clinical stability in patients with moderate-to-severe community-acquired pneumonia?\nAnswer: The administration of antibiotics within 4 h does not reduce the TCS in adult patients with MTS-CAP, as defined by the PORT group. Future studies using other physiologic parameters should be explored.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d463e5d056864d76945d948dca6981fc", "input": "Question: Does nitrous oxide affect automated air tonometry in children?\nAnswer: Based on our in vivo data, nitrous oxide during general anesthesia can be used with automated air tonometry and does not affect air tonometric PrCO(2) reading in clinical practice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-92ec62f1cce8482ea56fb4b861fb63c1", "input": "Question: Are levels of soluble CD30 in cord blood and peripheral blood during childhood correlated with the development of atopic disease or a family history of atopy?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that the sCD30 concentration in cord blood is not a reliable prognostic indicator of, nor a useful diagnostic marker for, atopic disease in children up to 7 years of age. If such correlations do exist, they might be masked by age-dependent variations in the circulating levels of sCD30, which may reflect individual differences in the maturation of children's immunological responses.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c177c1aa0dbf41ebb2b9c59bcf65c5ba", "input": "Question: Are estrogen and other female reproductive risk factors strongly associated with the development of rheumatoid arthritis in elderly women?\nAnswer: Few reproductive factors showed a strong or statistically significant association with RA in elderly women. The association of polycystic ovary syndrome may be indicative of perturbations of endocrine-immune activity that may influence the development of RA. This prospective cohort study adds to the understanding of the potential contribution of hormonal factors to the cause of RA in older women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4d62fad138c4824a5fa33c2079ef652", "input": "Question: Do serum insulin-like growth factor ( IGF ) -1 and IGF-binding protein-3 correlate with Gleason score or quantity of prostate cancer in biopsy samples?\nAnswer: Serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 do not correlate with quantity of cancer or Gleason score in biopsy samples from patients with prostate cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-049e3423a7374b5494593178f11c011e", "input": "Question: Are the heaviest repeat users of an inner city emergency department general practice patients?\nAnswer: The majority of the presentations by the heaviest users of an ED in a city teaching hospital are not suitable for general practice. Attempting diversion of the heaviest repeat ED users to a general practice in this setting may not be successful due to the severity, acuity and nature of casemix of the presentations and would have minimal impact on crowding in similar emergency departments.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aabd000562944e35b024ce650242f937", "input": "Question: Is reduced cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus correlated with the development of learned helplessness?\nAnswer: These results are in line with reports that the rate of dentate gyrus cell proliferation is acutely down-regulated by stress, but the development of helpless behavior does not correlate with this process. Further studies will have to clarify if during learned helpless behavior neurogenesis is impaired by altered differentiation or survival of cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c8731ec5fcdc455dba6cf69e5197d164", "input": "Question: Is postoperative nadroparin administration for prophylaxis of thromboembolic events associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage after spinal surgery?\nAnswer: Although retrospective, this is to date the largest study providing information about the hemorrhage rate associated with early postoperative anticoagulation following spinal surgery. The results confirm that early postoperative pharmacological thromboembolic prophylaxis using nadroparin in patients with spinal surgery is not associated with an increased risk of postoperative hemorrhage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b1f95604a8524a0c91b7f5273b7aeaf1", "input": "Question: Does gender influence angiogenesis and arteriogenesis in a rabbit model of chronic hind limb ischemia?\nAnswer: Gender does not influence angiogenesis and arteriogenesis in the rabbit model of chronic hind limb ischemia. However, estrogen deficiency induced by oophorectomy negatively affects angiogenesis and arteriogenesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2e0c2b80490c469f9ed1492bd795ac74", "input": "Question: Does neoadjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the extremity : intensification of preoperative treatment increase the rate of good histologic response to the primary tumor or improve the final outcome?\nAnswer: Increasing the doses of preoperative chemotherapy does not improve the rate of good histologic response and survival in osteosarcoma of the extremity. The degree of necrosis induced by preoperative treatment probably reflects an innate sensitivity to chemotherapy, which is not altered by increasing drug doses.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c997a51bc1c4999843eb8d98e901881", "input": "Question: Is arthrogenic muscle inhibition present in the limb contralateral to a simulated knee joint effusion?\nAnswer: Knee joint effusion results in ipsilateral but not contralateral impairment of quadriceps function. Rehabilitation protocols after knee joint injury should focus on ipsilateral neuromuscular and mechanical alterations that occur as the result of joint damage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bc0bff2c09df4c24bb138b984df03c0c", "input": "Question: Do normal D-dimer levels exclude thrombotic complications in trauma patients?\nAnswer: In the early postinjury phase, a negative d-dimer test does not exclude DVT or PE. However, the negative predictive value of a D-dimer test after the first 4 days from admission rose to 100%. Patients with clinical signs and symptoms of DVT or PE in the immediate postinjury phase should undergo further screening to exclude thromboembolic complications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e5574872c0784080924e3244177ed4e7", "input": "Question: Does ondansetron prevent pruritus induced by low-dose intrathecal fentanyl?\nAnswer: After prophylactic administration of 4 or 8 mg of ondansetron IV, the incidence, duration and severity of pruritus were similar to placebo. Ondansetron does not prevent pruritus induced by low-dose intrathecal fentanyl.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f207e9fd17394538bb94a0ed926876d9", "input": "Question: Does voriconazole affect the steady-state pharmacokinetics of digoxin?\nAnswer: The steady-state pharmacokinetics of digoxin are not affected in a clinically relevant manner by the concomitant administration of voriconazole.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-26a83b1d43a2478fa964530cb311c28a", "input": "Question: Does ipsilateral submandibular lymphadenectomy prolong orthotopic corneal graft survival in mice?\nAnswer: In mice, removed submandibular lymph nodes are functionally completely replaced by the contralateral nodes. These studies demonstrate for the first time lymphatic drainage crossing the midline of the body. Consequently, unilateral lymphadenectomy does not improve corneal graft survival.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bf40834dc5b64f059abbfa7792cca2d3", "input": "Question: Is duration of obesity a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus , arterial hypertension and hyperlipidemia?\nAnswer: The duration of obesity, as reported by women presenting for treatment of obesity, is not a risk factor for type 2 DM, HT and HL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a3fbe19f5d4840b991a476e41af7da90", "input": "Question: Are impaired oxygen on-kinetics in persons with human immunodeficiency virus due to highly active antiretroviral therapy?\nAnswer: Oxygen on-kinetics during submaximal exercise above the ventilatory threshold was impaired in HIV-positive participants compared with a control group, and it appeared that the attenuated oxygen on-kinetic response was primarily caused by HIV infection rather than HAART.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-07065076dd4b409e8f6bf62132b419e9", "input": "Question: Does triple antiplatelet therapy increase femoral access bleeding with vascular closure devices?\nAnswer: In contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention practice, with appropriate patient selection, a CD can be safely utilized despite aggressive polypharmacy for procedural anticoagulation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-509b21f319144da4b9c45512e0085a93", "input": "Question: Does nitric acid passivation affect in vitro biocompatibility of titanium?\nAnswer: Although the protocol for passivation used here could interfere with the pattern of ions released from Ti-6Al-4V and cpTi surfaces, the present study did not show any effect of this surface treatment on in vitro biocompatibility of Ti as evaluated by osteoblast attachment, proliferation, and differentiation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-49c9f77b281d49169ec604eb1310204f", "input": "Question: Does hypertriglyceridemia in pregnancy contribute to the enhanced formation of remnant lipoprotein particles?\nAnswer: RLP increased moderately during gestation with the increase in VLDL and TG, but the percentage of RLP in VLDL was significantly lower in the pregnant women compared with the control and DM patients, suggesting that hypertriglyceridemia in pregnancy is not primarily due to an increase in the atherogenic RLP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-154d8a6ab13f481faed3599cb4cbcd23", "input": "Question: Is epoxide hydrolase Tyr113His polymorphism associated with susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in population of North China?\nAnswer: MEH Tyr113His polymorphism may not be used as a stratification marker in screening individuals at a high risk of ESCC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c3435487c20748718c6d471f0ae735a2", "input": "Question: Does prolonged donor ischemic time adversely affect long-term survival in adult patients undergoing cardiac transplantation?\nAnswer: Prolonged donor ischemic time is not a risk factor for decreased long-term survival. Procurement of hearts with prolonged donor ischemic time is justified in the setting of an increasing recipient pool with a fixed donor population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5a2a8f2f11d245c1aec47f81a8087923", "input": "Question: Is intraoperative catecholamine release in brain-dead organ donors suppressed by administration of fentanyl?\nAnswer: We conclude that the use of fentanyl (7 microg kg(-1)) was not effective in suppressing the catecholamine release, following painful surgical stimulation in brain-dead organ donors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-43b7015be488436da81210ce1270e5eb", "input": "Question: Does undiagnosed coeliac disease appear to be associated with unfavourable outcome of pregnancy?\nAnswer: Undiagnosed coeliac disease is frequent among pregnant women (>1%) but is not associated with an unfavourable outcome of pregnancy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5f0e3f3b67a47e489c0f1427bbe7279", "input": "Question: Is perioperative screening for metastatic disease indicated in patients with primary breast cancer and no clinical signs of tumor spread?\nAnswer: In breast cancer patients without clinical signs of tumor spread perioperative screening for metastases is not warranted because of low frequency of metastases, false positive findings, missing therapeutic consequences and high costs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b6ed83c501094cecad2514a6659d508b", "input": "Question: Does the methionine-choline deficient dietary model of steatohepatitis exhibit insulin resistance?\nAnswer: GTT, ITT and QUICKI confirmed the absence of insulin resistance in the MCD fed mice. This model causes fibrosing steatohepatitis and may help delineate the non-insulin resistant mechanisms involved in human steatohepatitis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-283f803afc9e46599dc7dac71957f4bf", "input": "Question: Is preoperative use of enoxaparin a risk factor for postoperative bleeding after coronary artery bypass surgery?\nAnswer: Enoxaparin administration more than 8 hours before coronary artery bypass surgery is not associated with increased postoperative bleeding or blood product transfusion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c8e473d6a3764518a1c108c380f97663", "input": "Question: Does administration of 100 % oxygen before removal of the laryngeal mask airway affect postanesthetic arterial partial pressure of oxygen?\nAnswer: The endotracheal tube and laryngeal mask airway are substantially different artificial airways used to ventilate the lungs of anesthetized patients. Breathing 100% oxygen before removing the endotracheal tube results in lung function defects. This study shows that oxygen breathing before removing the laryngeal mask airway has no effect on pulmonary function.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3e13f55477bd400a8606c54ce9a8e3b7", "input": "Question: Does epoetin requirement depend on dialysis dose when Kt/N > 1.33 in patients on regular dialysis treatment with cellulosic membranes and adequate iron stores?\nAnswer: In iron-replete HD patients on cellulosic membranes and stabilized epoetin therapy, inadequate dialysis was associated with higher epoetin requirement, but for Kt/V values > or = 1.33, there was no further effect on epoetin responsiveness.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-61c009c122654e9cb35c92b06cc691ef", "input": "Question: Is the association between state income inequality and worse health confounded by race?\nAnswer: Our finding demonstrates that neither race, at the individual level, nor racial composition, as measured at the state level, explain away the previously reported association between income inequality and poorer health status in the US.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d1fe22a98b54935967d694c0195daef", "input": "Question: Do different formats for a neurology clerkship influence written examination scores?\nAnswer: Student acquisition of factual material was not influenced by the type of clinical experience or by whether the student is in the third or fourth year of medical school.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5e41fd630ea84102b8e1023315d316a6", "input": "Question: Is contralateral high-grade carotid artery stenosis or occlusion associated with increased risk for poor neurologic outcome after elective carotid stent placement?\nAnswer: Contralateral high-grade ICA stenosis or occlusion was not associated with an increased risk for neurologic events after elective ICA stent placement.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff2ca4bb40b14dc58e16edb3c44b16e6", "input": "Question: Is the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy for respiratory allergy affected by different dosage regimens in the induction phase?\nAnswer: For patients with respiratory allergies, sublingual immunotherapy with an 8-day induction protocol is safe and effective. Our results encourage the usage of shorter induction regimens, which produce better compliance with this therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a837a2b479d643fca539c2d372917168", "input": "Question: Do why primiparous mothers breastfeed in the United States : a national survey?\nAnswer: Additional studies are needed to better understand why women \"prefer to bottle feed\", especially black women. Increasingly effective programs and policies to promote breastfeeding will logically follow. Since physical and medical problems are such common reasons both for never breastfeeding and for stopping breastfeeding, individual healthcare providers can have a significant impact on breastfeeding rates and duration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dc7d071d0e4c4bcf9ff4bf6fb173e819", "input": "Question: Are tP53 , BRCA1 , and BRCA2 tumor suppressor genes commonly mutated in survivors of Hodgkin 's disease with second primary neoplasms?\nAnswer: Despite features suggestive of genetic predisposition, the TP53, BRCA1, and BRCA2 genes were not frequently mutated in this cohort of HD patients developing SMNs. Larger studies of these genes or investigations of other genes involved in cellular DNA damage response pathways may identify host genetic factors that contribute to secondary tumorigenesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b219fff1003b438897effcda7d0c4dab", "input": "Question: Do elevated intramuscular compartment pressures influence outcome after tibial fracture?\nAnswer: Provided Delta P remains satisfactory, patients with elevated intramuscular pressures after tibial fracture do not have a greater incidence of complications than those with low pressures. These patients can therefore be observed safely.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2bcbd03365934c568dac7f9800495b3a", "input": "Question: Do hIV infected adults have an excess of colonising bacteria in their large airways?\nAnswer: There was no evidence to support a hypothesis of increased airway bacterial colonisation in healthy HIV infected subjects.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2eb07ff0bcda4e9fa9ba5e745bb72901", "input": "Question: Is carcinoembryonic antigen mRNA in the mesenteric vein a predictor of hepatic metastasis in patients with resectable colorectal cancer : a long-term study?\nAnswer: This study failed to demonstrate the high predictive value of carcinoembryonic antigen messenger ribonucleic acid detection in the draining venous blood for the development of hepatic metastases. However, the authors demonstrated that the presence of cancer cells in the draining venous blood was the essential and initial step to the development of hepatic metastasis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d0131d85b23a419280f22e568365d5e9", "input": "Question: Do patients with impending abdominal compartment syndrome respond to early volume loading?\nAnswer: Conventional preload directed resuscitation to enhance cardiac function is not effective in patients with impending ACS, and this traditional resuscitation strategy is detrimental in this subgroup of patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed487d5af0314f79ae33990bbadd5907", "input": "Question: Do atherosclerotic plaque rupture and intraplaque hemorrhage correlate with symptoms in carotid artery stenosis?\nAnswer: Almost 70% of plaque specimens demonstrated thrombus, intraplaque hemorrhage, or both. Thrombosis was observed in one fourth of specimens, and intraplaque hemorrhage in almost two thirds of specimens. Sixty four percent of plaques demonstrated neovascularization. It was not possible to demonstrate that complicated plaques (plaque rupture, thrombosis, intraplaque hemorrhage) are associated with symptoms, and it appears that such plaques may occur at any time, irrespective of symptoms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ca52035187604cf68f7db6021ad29f56", "input": "Question: Is cell-mediated cytotoxicity to porcine aortic endothelial cells dependent on galactosyl residues when baboon peripheral blood lymphocytes are previously primed with pig xenoantigens?\nAnswer: Galactosyl knockout pigs could solve hyperacute rejection and also prevent the activation of NK cells even after xenogeneic priming. T cells will then be the next hurdle for the success of xenografting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0429d351448a4a84a8e668acd8dc2174", "input": "Question: Is childhood constipation associated with characteristic fingerprint patterns?\nAnswer: Fingerprint patterns are not associated with severe childhood constipation, do not aid their management, and do not support a genetic aetiology for this problem.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-40910c62415d47cb831944e2d9cda815", "input": "Question: Does chest pain relief by nitroglycerin predict active coronary artery disease?\nAnswer: These data suggest that, in a general population admitted for chest pain, relief of pain after nitroglycerin treatment does not predict active coronary artery disease and should not be used to guide diagnosis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8c46179d1b94b34886f51d4f7254cee", "input": "Question: Does sildenafil citrate affect cardiac contractility in human or dog heart?\nAnswer: Sildenafil is unlikely to directly produce inotropic effects on cardiac muscle in patients being treated for erectile dysfunction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-00d61adf8f4b4825b4dcacc0f1b9908f", "input": "Question: Is recent unstable angina and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting related to postoperative atrial fibrillation?\nAnswer: Post-CABG AF is associated with more complicated postoperative outcome. Recent unstable angina and off-pump procedure is not related to the occurrence of post-CABG AF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7c9a7070e51242b784736a866e14eba1", "input": "Question: Is ventricular fibrillation always due to multiple wavelet reentry?\nAnswer: The extracellular waveform during VF can be caused by different forms of reentry: multiple wavelet reentry (on the order of six different wavefronts), two independent wandering reentrant waves, and a single wandering reentrant wave.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f672589ac0344a23928b297244d321d1", "input": "Question: Do steroids enhance the risk of developing tuberculosis or other AIDS-related diseases in HIV-infected patients treated for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that the use of corticosteroids during PCP in HIV-infected patients at the doses and for the duration used in our patients did not enhance the risk of developing or relapsing tuberculosis or other ARD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-add8ea99a5fa436faf9b11365ea06427", "input": "Question: Are epicardial coronary arteries adequately sized in hypertensive patients?\nAnswer: Despite an elevated myocardial oxygen demand, maximal dimensions of large coronary arteries are not increased in hypertensive patients, resulting in an elevated coronary flow velocity that may increase longitudinal shear stress at the endothelial surface. This elevated flow velocity might be an important determinant in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in hypertensive patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-618a16a520bf480d8f3287df91e2bd71", "input": "Question: Is femoral nerve `` sheath '' for inguinal paravascular lumbar plexus block found in human cadavers?\nAnswer: A femoral nerve sheath capable of conveying a solution to the cadaver lumbar plexus does not exist in human cadavers. Dye injected into the cadaver femoral nerve does not reach either the lumbar plexus or the obturator nerve. When 40 ml of methylene blue dye is injected into the cadaver femoral nerve, some dye usually diffuses under the iliacus muscle fascia to the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. This study indicates that in patients the \"3-in-1 block\" always blocks the femoral nerve, it usually blocks the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, but it probably does not block the lumbar plexus or the obturator nerve.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eaf3e0239595402988e81687afb5ea96", "input": "Question: Does sumatriptan stimulate PRL and GH secretion in acromegaly?\nAnswer: Our study indicated that 5-HT1D receptors are not involved in PRL and GH secretion in middle-aged acromegalics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fc18ae34565e42cc8a0c65bbae9cad79", "input": "Question: Does the search for DNA homology limit stable homologous pairing promoted by RecA protein?\nAnswer: We conclude that, during the formation of synaptic complexes by RecA, the search for homology is not rate-limiting, and that the iteration frequency of the search is around 10(2)-10(3) s-1. This value agrees well with what has been calculated as the minimum number for such a frequency in genome-wide searches, and limits the possible structures involved in the search for homology to those involving very soft (low energy) interactions. Furthermore, from the order of the reaction at the DNA concentrations found in eukaryotic nuclei, and the rate constant of the overall reaction, we predict that the search for homology is also not the rate-limiting step in the genome-wide searches implicated in meiosis and in gene targeting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7afaedd1d68f4c338a228fbe1894746c", "input": "Question: Are lymphomas of the oral soft tissues preferentially associated with latent or replicative Epstein-Barr virus?\nAnswer: These data suggest that even though Epstein-Barr virus is frequently found in oral secretions, neither latent nor replicative Epstein-Barr virus is present more commonly in oral lymphomas than in lymphomas arising in other anatomic sites, when controlling for immunodeficiency status.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9677abb377b74233afa172cd11686258", "input": "Question: Do aerosolized beta 2-agonists induce bronchial hyperreactivity in healthy adults?\nAnswer: This suggests that if beta 2-agonists induce a rebound bronchial hyperreactivity, it is not the result of the production of tolerance or a direct effect on bronchial smooth muscle.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f339dc83842642ff8bda932db5752c6b", "input": "Question: Is doxacurium block influenced by age?\nAnswer: The use of doxacurium in elderly patients is possible with no need for dose adjustment. Doxacurium might be a good choice for patients with cardiac disease who are scheduled for long surgical procedures.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-db03a42931e0411ea7b12f7048d9de35", "input": "Question: Is the response to treatment of overweight in postmenopausal women related to fat distribution?\nAnswer: Postmenopausal women with an android and gynoid fat distribution respond with similar weight loss to treatment of overweight. Furthermore, a more healthy, less android, fat distribution and sex hormone status may be achieved with increasing weight loss.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4f3d6eb86d4c43049789ebb5a895fa97", "input": "Question: Is creatinine clearance at menopause related to bone mass in later life?\nAnswer: Low Ccr within the normal range at menopause is not an independent risk factor for osteopenia in later life.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ffd0adc59dd4325bef211b35cf26dfe", "input": "Question: Does pulse dexamethasone impair growth and body composition of very low birth weight infants?\nAnswer: PDEX negatively affected glucose metabolism and growth patterns during and immediately after drug exposure. However, assessment near term gestational age showed similar body composition and size in both groups.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b3aa4b2609bf439eba638bcad48ab883", "input": "Question: Is carbonic anhydrase IX ( CAIX ) an independent predictor of outcome in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma ( ccRCC ) after long-term follow-up?\nAnswer: After additional long-term follow-up of our large cohort, our results continue to suggest that CAIX is not an independent prognostic marker for ccRCC.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-390cc41c72ce4b54bd3ce987ca336f9e", "input": "Question: Is eosinophilic rhinosinusitis a disease of ostiomeatal occlusion?\nAnswer: OMC occlusion is not associated with draining sinuses for patients with ECRS. Simple surgical interventions directed at the OMC are unlikely to be of benefit to this CRS subgroup.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8d666b6a724b404a86c73e77c0a4ed48", "input": "Question: Does excessive femoral offset affect the range of motion after total hip arthroplasty?\nAnswer: The Summit stem has enough offset length to avoid implant/bone impingement, even when the standard offset stem is used. Nevertheless, selection of the offset stem should be performed carefully to prevent offset complications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a8c558173f6f43ea8b547c16e10c08d5", "input": "Question: Do germ-line DICER1 mutations make a major contribution to the etiology of familial testicular germ cell tumours?\nAnswer: Taken together with previous studies, the findings reported here suggest a very limited role for either germ-line or somatic DICER1 mutations in the etiology of TGCT.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c1580ffe960f4ae8ad374e66c0911032", "input": "Question: Do general anaesthetics impair developmental expression of the KCC2 potassium-chloride cotransporter in neonatal rats during the brain growth spurt?\nAnswer: I.V. general anaesthetics do not seem to influence developmental expression of KCC2 during the brain growth spurt.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-69f1f4216b6448df9278cb0b0d9ada5a", "input": "Question: Are diffusion-weighted imaging changes in cerebral watershed distribution following neonatal encephalopathy invariably associated with an adverse outcome?\nAnswer: Extensive DWI changes in a watershed distribution in term-born neonates are not invariably associated with adverse sequelae, even in the presence of cystic evolution. Associated lesions of the basal ganglia and thalami are a better predictor of adverse sequelae than the extent and severity of the watershed abnormalities seen on DW-MRI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-db8804ff9da54baa9269584f251e047c", "input": "Question: Is increasing exposure to antibody-stimulating proteins and polysaccharides in vaccines associated with risk of autism?\nAnswer: In this study of MCO members, increasing exposure to antibody-stimulating proteins and polysaccharides in vaccines during the first 2 years of life was not related to the risk of developing an ASD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-014ca28de68747ecbe004c767793e506", "input": "Question: Does manual blood exchange transfusion significantly contribute to parasite clearance in artesunate-treated individuals with imported severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria?\nAnswer: Manual exchange transfusion does not significantly contribute to parasite clearance in artesunate-treated individuals. There may be a small effect of ET on parasite clearance under quinine treatment. Institution of ET to promote parasite clearance in settings where artesunate is available is not recommended, at least not with manually executed exchange procedures.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-058fa1daadbe42249eba71ccb91427f9", "input": "Question: Does permissive hypotension reduce regional organ perfusion compared to normotensive resuscitation : animal study with fluorescent microspheres?\nAnswer: Hypotensive resuscitation causes less intra-abdominal bleeding than normotensive resuscitation and concurrently maintains equivalent organ perfusion. No fluid resuscitation reduces intra-abdominal bleeding but also significantly reduces organ perfusion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2849bf839d1b4c178ef59f1880c8d762", "input": "Question: Has survival after recurrent esophageal carcinoma improved over the past 18 years?\nAnswer: Survival after recurrent EC in patients who undergo FU without routine imaging after esophagectomy is approximately 3\u00a0months and has not improved over the past 18\u00a0years.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a4dce4943ac74b49a7a09e3d369d6754", "input": "Question: Does volume expansion alter cerebral tissue oxygen extraction in preterm infants with clinical signs of poor perfusion?\nAnswer: Cerebral perfusion, as assessed by cFTOE, does not improve in preterm infants with signs of poor perfusion following volume expansion. In these infants, either CAR is present or volume expansion is inadequate to affect cFTOE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-447b6f5d20204a44abb4b44bbb3514ee", "input": "Question: Is genetic variant rs7758229 in 6q26-q27 associated with colorectal cancer risk in a Chinese population?\nAnswer: Our findings did not support an association between rs7758229 in 6q26-q27 and the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3d18224fe06b452da58facf9bf55e987", "input": "Question: Does genetic background of nonmutant Piebald-Virol-Glaxo rats influence nephronophthisis phenotypes?\nAnswer: The genetic background of the nonmutant PVG rats does not influence the genetic and phenotypic inheritance of CKD from mutant Lewis polycystic kidney rats. A single recessive mutation incapacitated the gene, which relaxed its functional constraints, and led to formation of multiple cysts in the kidneys of the homozygous mutant rats.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-48833c8d2eb14147a70adae0ffee67be", "input": "Question: Are nSE and S-100B sufficiently predictive of neurologic outcome after therapeutic hypothermia for cardiac arrest?\nAnswer: Although NSE and S-100B levels are associated with the outcome, the use of previously described cut-off values was insufficiently predictive of neurologic outcome. Caution should be exercised in the use of these tests to provide neuroprognostication.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0a4f6bb504834a7a91e549db758d4e51", "input": "Question: Are endogenous estrogen and androgen levels independent predictors of lipid levels in postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: Endogenous estrogen and androgen levels are not independent predictors of lipid levels in postmenopausal women. HOMA-IR and SHBG each make independent contributions to HDL cholesterol and TG. These factors make little contribution to total and LDL cholesterol.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-41318968ea9543b989dd8179635301e1", "input": "Question: Is eRK phosphorylation increased in papillary thyroid carcinomas with BRAF ( V600E ) mutation compared to that of corresponding normal thyroid tissues?\nAnswer: In human BRAF(V600E) (+) PTCs, ERK phosphorylation is decreased compared to normal thyroid glands and the observed decrease in ERK1/2 MAPK phosphorylation in BRAF(V600E) (+) PTCs may be associated with increased MKP-3 activity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a18892f9fee04265af3e56cd84e73828", "input": "Question: Is awareness enough : the need to increase meningococcal vaccine uptake?\nAnswer: Many parents aware of meningococcal vaccine did not vaccinate their adolescents. Interventions that include increasing provider recommendation and annual visits may increase uptake.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-942102a2b92645bfb315d01882401168", "input": "Question: Does fibular taping influence ankle dorsiflexion range of motion or balance measures in individuals with chronic ankle instability?\nAnswer: Although small changes in ankle dorsiflexion ROM and posterolateral reach distances were observed, these changes did not exceed established minimal detectable change values for these measures. These results suggest that the benefits of fibular taping are not related to an increase in ankle dorsiflexion ROM or dynamic balance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-61ace22b79174ce9abf85f15e1fc60ea", "input": "Question: Is history of recurrent urinary tract infection predictive of abnormality on voiding cystourethrogram?\nAnswer: VUR and VCUG abnormality are no more likely when performed after recurrent UTI or for UTI plus other abnormality. This reasons against postponing VCUG until after UTI recurrence, as positive findings are no more likely in this setting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-257fc035b8294e85afceaa7406d86498", "input": "Question: Are nR5A1 ( SF-1 ) mutations a major cause of primary ovarian insufficiency?\nAnswer: Our study in a large cohort of patients with POI showed the prevalence of NR5A1 mutations to be low (1.6%, upper 95% confidence interval 3.5%). Moreover, no functional impact was observed. Overall, in contrast with the initial report, our results exclude NR5A1 mutations as a major genetic cause of POI.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7b261ba2c22441797ba9880682a4f7a", "input": "Question: Are cadmium , mercury , and lead in kidney cortex associated with urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine ( 8-oxodG ) in living kidney donors?\nAnswer: Neither cadmium, nor mercury or lead in the kidney contributed to urinary 8-oxodG concentrations in non-occupationally exposed subjects. The iron status was positively associated with urinary 8-oxodG, particularly in women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cd9343aaa4dc4927af61a6edd82c07f6", "input": "Question: Is directional distribution of neoplasia in Barrett 's esophagus influenced by distance from the gastroesophageal junction?\nAnswer: Single-center study may limit external validity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3614ee11ae8346aa8ad56b30f4799be8", "input": "Question: Does serum sodium based modification of the MELD improve prediction of outcome in acute liver failure?\nAnswer: We validated the prognostic value of MELD-Na and UKELD in ALF. Classic MELD score calculations performed superior to KCC in the prediction of NSR. Serum Na and Na-based modifications of MELD did not further improve its prognostic value.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-36a4fdb1e98844e9afdf6801d345f79d", "input": "Question: Are pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the antiplatelet combination aspirin ( acetylsalicylic acid ) plus extended-release dipyridamole altered by coadministration with the potent CYP2C19 inhibitor omeprazole?\nAnswer: The PK and PD behavior of ASA + ER-DP was not altered by concurrent administration of omeprazole.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3ebe50e41f6f4fd687801a5e6f1630fc", "input": "Question: Does an increase in renal dopamine stimulate natriuresis after fava bean ingestion?\nAnswer: The failure of fava bean consumption to provoke natriuresis may indicate that dopa concentrations in commercially available beans do not raise renal dopamine sufficiently to stimulate sodium excretion, at least when beans are added to a moderate-sodium diet in healthy volunteers. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01064739.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-862f4e2b0141433bbce159f3328f240d", "input": "Question: Is skin pentosidine in very early hip/knee osteoarthritis ( CHECK ) a strong independent predictor of radiographic progression over 5 years follow-up?\nAnswer: Pentosidine adds to prediction of radiographic progression and burden of osteophyte formation and uCTXII to radiographic progression and burden of JSN, but overall skin pentosidine did not perform better that uCTXII in predicting radiographic progression or burden. Burden of damage over 5 years is mainly determined by radiographic joint damage at baseline.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-07e8e587e2224665894503343244aa2f", "input": "Question: Is the bioequivalence of the contraceptive steroids ethinylestradiol and drospirenone affected by co-administration of dehydroepiandrosterone?\nAnswer: Adding DHEA to a COC containing EE and DRSP does not affect the pharmacokinetic properties of EE and DRSP. Therefore, it will most likely not affect its contraceptive efficacy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-af17dd4b7c4448baa6ea4d5c975fe5f6", "input": "Question: Are biologic meshes superior to synthetic meshes in ventral hernia repair : an experimental study with long-term follow-up evaluation?\nAnswer: Parietex composite mesh demonstrated the best long-term results compared with all the other meshes. The biologic non-cross-linked mesh, Strattice, showed little adhesion formation and moderate shrinkage but poor incorporation. Biologic meshes are promising, but varying results require a more detailed investigation and demonstrate that biologic meshes are not necessarily superior to synthetic meshes. The significant changes that take place between 30 and 90\u00a0days should lead to careful interpretation of short-term experimental results.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ab3b242b221a4913822a5d3e07584763", "input": "Question: Does the new EuroSCORE II improve prediction of mortality in high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery : a collaborative analysis of two European centres?\nAnswer: The new EuroSCORE II does not improve risk prediction in high-risk patients undergoing adult cardiac surgery when compared with original additive and logistic EuroSCOREs. The key problem of risk stratification in high-risk patients has not been addressed by this new model. Future iterations of the score should explore more advanced statistical methods and focus on developing procedure-specific algorithms. Moreover, models that predict complications in addition to mortality may prove to be of increasing value.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0555691eae2945efa9ed726765849fab", "input": "Question: Is b-type natriuretic peptide a volume marker among patients on hemodialysis?\nAnswer: Taken together, these data suggest that among hypertensive patients on hemodialysis BNP is not a volume marker.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5552f19c26ef488ab4c10af3fb4b4444", "input": "Question: Does preferring thin people imply derogating fat people . A Rasch analysis of the implicit weight attitude?\nAnswer: A significant implicit preference for thin relative to fat people was observed in all weight groups. In normal weight and obese individuals, the preference was mostly affected by positive stimuli (more easily associated with thin than with fat people). In underweight individuals, the preference was mostly guided by positive (more easily associated with thin than with fat people) and negative (more easily associated with fat than with thin people) stimuli. In overweight individuals, all stimuli contributed to the preference in a similar way. In all weight groups, the implicit weight attitude correlated with the explicit preference and/or the thin thermometer, whereas it never correlated with the fat thermometer. A pro-thin bias was observed in normal weight and obese individuals, whereas both a pro-thin and an anti-fat bias were observed in underweight individuals. A clear preference for thin people relative to fat people was observed in overweight individuals. Therefore, uncritically interpreting the implicit preference for thin people as a sign of derogating fat people might be misleading.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-266893bd2584457ca49c14e4f91900ff", "input": "Question: Are early warning scores generated in developed healthcare settings sufficient at predicting early mortality in Blantyre , Malawi : a prospective cohort study?\nAnswer: Using an EWS generated in developed healthcare systems in resource limited settings results in loss of sensitivity and specificity. A score based on predictors of mortality specific to the Malawian population showed enhanced accuracy but not enough to warrant clinical use. Despite an assumption of common physiological responses, disease and population differences seem to strongly determine the performance of EWS. Local validation and impact assessment of these scores should precede their adoption in resource limited settings.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d86cf6fcc1f7471e84cce0a1f46b868b", "input": "Question: Do serum visfatin levels increase in post-menopausal women with metabolic syndrome?\nAnswer: There was no association between serum visfatin levels and MS in PM women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-66924d343c8349f2a8ae797d22137101", "input": "Question: Is variation in family physicians ' recording of auscultation abnormalities in patients with acute cough explained by case mix . A study from 12 European networks?\nAnswer: There is important variation in recording chest auscultation abnormalities by general practitioners across Europe, which cannot be explained by differences in patient characteristics. There is a need and opportunity for standardization in the detection and classification of lung sounds.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f7e3596ae9a74cb5a7c962301fb4050d", "input": "Question: Is height gain at adult-height age in 184 short patients treated with growth hormone from prepubertal age to near adult-height age related to GH secretory status at GH therapy onset?\nAnswer: GH-release stimuli are of little help for deciding on GH therapy in the clinical management of prepubertal children with IIGHD, ISS or SGA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-54dad2f23f1e49e39afbcbdd723f2a15", "input": "Question: Is thalidomide able to inhibit radiation-induced heart disease?\nAnswer: Although others have shown protective effects of thalidomide in disease models involving inflammation, fibrosis and blood vessel maturation, thalidomide was not able to reduce radiation-induced heart damage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2156f459dafc47918e072a5912a075e4", "input": "Question: Does intracellular Enhanced Cyan Fluorescent Protein/Angiotensin II Modify Angiotensinogen Accumulation in Transgenic Mice?\nAnswer: ECFP/AngII transgene expression does not alter AGT mRNA or protein levels in major organs (kidney, liver, and brain) of transgenic mice. The altered blood pressure and kidney thrombosis observed in these transgenic mouse lines are not the result of increased intracellular AGT synthesis and resultant increases in free extracellular AngII. This finding is consistent with our published studies that indicate no increase in circulating AngII by radioimmunoassay.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c21f65301d9743238406d98428a2b7ce", "input": "Question: Does esophagogastroduodenoscopy with conscious sedation interfere with catheter-based 24-h pH monitoring?\nAnswer: EGD with conscious sedation does not interfere with the results of subsequent 24-h pH monitoring in patients with extra-esophageal symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a496397cda5149adbd03178a7f090c6c", "input": "Question: Is second-look endoscopy associated with better clinical outcomes after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection : a prospective , randomized , clinical trial analyzed on an as-treated basis?\nAnswer: Single-center analysis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f37b7b4cce9f4da1b250e20acad8f0dc", "input": "Question: Is the haplotype M2 of the ANXA5 gene associated with antitrophoblast antibodies?\nAnswer: It appears that the haplotype M2/ANXA5 is not associated with the presence of anti-trophoblast antibodies. Our finding indicates that anti-trophoblast antibodies are a class of molecules that differ from aPL and from anti-b2-GPI antibodies, apparently not directed to same or similar epitopes that aPL and anti-b2-GPI would recognize.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-04923304ca9f48e7b84108d80fdb2ad6", "input": "Question: Do biliary self-expandable metal stents adversely affect pancreaticoduodenectomy?\nAnswer: Placement of SEMS is not contraindicated in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer who require preoperative biliary drainage.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1c9ccb7b0c5f464f89b75e826938ebbd", "input": "Question: Is euthanasia medical treatment?\nAnswer: Proposals are emerging that if society legalizes euthanasia it should not be mandated to physicians.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d90397cbce8e456188635b0001438801", "input": "Question: Is occupational outcome in bipolar disorder predicted by premorbid functioning and intelligence?\nAnswer: Severe clinical course of BD was associated with receipt of disability benefit. Occupational outcome was unrelated to PAS, premorbid and current IQ, as well as decline in IQ. This suggests that the persistence of severe clinical symptoms, rather than global cognitive functioning, determines occupational outcome in BD and emphasizes the protective potential of early and continuous clinical treatment.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4248290710114acb86b2149cd7cd2d19", "input": "Question: Do changes in middle cerebral artery velocity after carotid endarterectomy identify patients at high-risk of suffering intracranial haemorrhage or stroke due to hyperperfusion syndrome?\nAnswer: We were unable to demonstrate that significant increases in MCAV and PI were able to predict patients at increased risk of suffering a post-operative stroke due to HS or ICH. The provision of written guidance for managing PEH in Group 2 patients was associated with virtual abolition of ICH/HS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c61a6ba0f1994ea1bb16157b51e2b4a8", "input": "Question: Does a diet containing rapeseed oil-based fats increase lipid peroxidation in humans when compared to a diet rich in saturated fatty acids?\nAnswer: These results suggest that a rapeseed oil-based diet rich in alpha-linolenic acid does not seem to increase the degree of lipid peroxidation in plasma and urine compared to a diet rich in saturated fats. This is possibly due to a sufficient content of antioxidants in the rapeseed oil diet to increase circulating concentrations of antioxidants that may protect unsaturated fatty acids from oxidation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed9f118d366f4477a7f29c5fa0792d26", "input": "Question: Does spinal instrumentation in patients with primary spinal infections lead to greater recurrent infection rates : an analysis of 118 cases?\nAnswer: Patients who received just decompression for spinal infection had similar reoperation and continued infection rates as patients who additionally underwent instrumentation, irrespective of infection location within the spine. These findings suggest that instrumentation of the infected spine may be a safe treatment modality and should be considered when the spinal integrity is compromised.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-59856f7240b64d008a8b9aeb40753a6b", "input": "Question: Does treatment with human insulin increase thyroid cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes?\nAnswer: This study does not support the role of human insulin therapy in increasing the risk of thyroid cancer in patients with T2DM.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-343185e333af459eb231611b6e248622", "input": "Question: Does granulocyte colony-stimulating factor promote neurogenesis after experimental intracerebral haemorrhage?\nAnswer: There was a lack of neuroprotective or neuroregenerative effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the present rodent model of intracerebral haemorrhage. Conflicting results from functional outcome assessment require further research.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-14bb074947434a008c56b279c2c94982", "input": "Question: Does gene-gene interaction of ACE I/D , endothelial nitric oxide synthase 4 a/b and ApoE affect coronary artery disease severity?\nAnswer: The interactions of the gene polymorphisms investigated don't play an important role in determining an individual's risk for the severity of CAD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1680f077f1f0412f970ac9ddfeab2e4f", "input": "Question: Is transient Elastography ( FibroScan ) Correlated With Liver Fibrosis but With Cholestasis in Patients With Long-Term Home Parenteral Nutrition?\nAnswer: In patients with long-term HPN, TE failed to assess the degree of hepatic fibrosis. This could be due to the heterogeneity of liver histologic features observed in these patients and the presence of chronic cholestasis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-30535b90e2da407fbe45034ca8bee4ed", "input": "Question: Is risk perception associated with attendance at a preventive intervention for type 2 diabetes mellitus among South Asians at risk of diabetes?\nAnswer: Risk perception was not significantly associated with attendance. The results suggest that increasing the risk perception alone in this South Asian population is unlikely to increase the attendance at a diabetes prevention programme.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0564560d0d1741918569948f81901f86", "input": "Question: Does trans-patella tendon approach for domed lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty increase the risk of patella tendon shortening?\nAnswer: This study demonstrated that using a trans-patella approach during lateral domed UKA surgery did not significantly increase patella tendon shortening and did not result in reduced clinical outcomes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-738ea928471945dcaf603a282860f645", "input": "Question: Is the health status of people claiming compensation for musculoskeletal injuries following road traffic crashes altered by an early intervention programme : a comparative study?\nAnswer: Claiming compensation was associated with a worse health status for people with soft tissue injuries caused by road traffic crashes. The health status in people claiming compensation was not altered by an early intervention programme.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-994ac155637f49daa3f2b6f149c0be00", "input": "Question: Is small bowel capsule endoscopy in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding : normalcy reassuring?\nAnswer: Approximately one quarter of patients with OGIB and negative SBCE examination will experience rebleeding, with higher incidence among men; thus, a negative SBCE in this setting is not reassuring. As the vast majority of rebleeding episodes seem to occur within the following 2 years after SBCE, the maintenance of regular medical surveillance during the above-mentioned period of time after a negative SBCE seems advisable.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d23db10840e64257bc2c7dc658a85e1e", "input": "Question: Are humans cooperative breeders but practice biocultural reproduction?\nAnswer: Humans are not cooperative breeders as classically defined; one effect of the unique strategy of human biocultural reproduction is a lowering of human lifetime reproductive effort, which could help explain lifespan extension.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6052c6c898b74c0e9c6e6acf74be0718", "input": "Question: Is cumulative duration of `` triple low '' state of low blood pressure , low bispectral index , and low minimum alveolar concentration of volatile anesthesia associated with increased mortality?\nAnswer: The authors found no association between cumulative duration of triple low state and perioperative or intermediate-term mortality in noncardiac surgery patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c8933602a7fa4221824b9653dc68812c", "input": "Question: Is type 2 diabetes associated with an altered plaque phenotype among patients undergoing carotid revascularization . A histological analysis of 1455 carotid plaques?\nAnswer: In patients suffering from significant carotid artery disease, diabetes does not appear to be associated with specific atherosclerotic plaque characteristics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4ce3366108ba4d6889b19bc004191220", "input": "Question: Does low carbohydrate diet score predict metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents : Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study?\nAnswer: No association was found between LCD and the incidence of MetS or its components in children and adolescents in Tehran after 3.6 years of follow up.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-17d3a042aef1485caa76f293709937cb", "input": "Question: Is the rs1893217 ( T/C ) polymorphism in PTPN2 gene associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus in subjects from Southern Brazil?\nAnswer: The PTPN2 rs1893217 polymorphism is not significantly associated with T1DM in Caucasian subjects from Southern Brazil.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-eb265b90970a416aa66a94da1ff23da1", "input": "Question: Are perioperative nonselective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs associated with anastomotic leakage after colorectal surgery?\nAnswer: There does not appear to be a significant association between perioperative ketorolac use and anastomotic leakage after colorectal surgery. However, further prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings before definitive guidelines on NSAID use perioperatively can be recommended.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3aa1d7fce2bc4bc0adf1ecb9fc3f6194", "input": "Question: Are third trimester insulin levels correlated with fetal macrosomia or delivery complications?\nAnswer: Our data indicates that neither insulin nor glucose levels are predictive of fetal macrosomia, low Apgar scores, or birth injuries.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-17459863e252431e80bffcc25eb010ad", "input": "Question: Does weight loss associated with bariatric surgery restore short telomere length of severe obese patients after 1 year?\nAnswer: These results confirm that obese subjects have shorter telomeres compared to non-obese subjects, but RTL is not influenced by the presence of metabolic syndrome. RTL shows an additional attrition during the immediate post-operative period, probably due to a catabolic state.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-43bef695b3ae47cea4743c172bf24ca7", "input": "Question: Is pharyngeal pH alone reliable for the detection of pharyngeal reflux events : A study with oesophageal and pharyngeal pH-impedance monitoring?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates that pharyngeal pH alone is not reliable for the detection of pharyngeal reflux and that adding distal oesophageal pH analysis is not helpful. The only reliable analysis should take into account impedance patterns demonstrating the presence of pharyngeal reflux event preceded by a distal and proximal reflux event within the oesophagus.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f3b97b3a582f434291b66687cb492e88", "input": "Question: Does spinal anesthesia impact prostate cancer recurrence in a cohort of men undergoing radical prostatectomy : an observational study?\nAnswer: This was a retrospective study of patients with prostate cancer who have undergone radical prostatectomy during a time period when the practice of anesthesia for prostatectomy at our institution was transitioned from spinal to general anesthesia. In our study, when controlling for other predictors of advanced prostate cancer, the type of anesthetic given during prostatectomy had no effect on the risk of biochemical recurrence.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-adf475ddfa57454bbe40182a9b904744", "input": "Question: Does thoracic epidural anesthesia with ropivacaine compromise the tolerance of acute normovolemic anemia in pigs?\nAnswer: Thoracic epidural anesthesia with ropivacaine 0.2% does not decrease the tolerance to acute normovolemic anemia in healthy pigs. The hemodynamic compensation of acute anemia is fully preserved despite sympathetic block, and the critical hemoglobin concentration remains unaffected.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-86874cd20fa74b1988418ea4112f2074", "input": "Question: Is why equal treatment always equitable : the impact of existing ethnic health inequalities in cost-effectiveness modeling?\nAnswer: Cost-effectiveness modeling is a useful tool in the prioritization of health services. But there are important (and sometimes counterintuitive) implications of including ethnic-specific background and disease parameters. In order to avoid perpetuating existing ethnic inequalities in health, such analyses should be undertaken with care.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b87bd097e584478bb77763c93f5d0215", "input": "Question: Is long-term T2 and Qualitative MRI Morphology After First-Generation Knee Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation : Cartilage Ultrastructure Correlated to Clinical or Qualitative MRI Outcome?\nAnswer: The MRI outcome is imperfect in this collective of patients. There is only weak correlation of quantitative imaging data and clinical function. Qualitative imaging data are much better correlated to functional outcomes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e96579a634d342539b0307c15efb9359", "input": "Question: Is mortality in Parkinson 's disease associated with the severity of early dopaminergic defect?\nAnswer: Unlike age and early motor symptom severity, dopamine synthesis capacity, as measured with PET, does not predict survival in PD.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c6d025f730b44f1dbfb063b3583d244d", "input": "Question: Does presurgical transarterial chemoembolization increase biliary stricture incidence in orthotopic liver transplant patients?\nAnswer: Selective TACE treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in pretransplant patients does not increase the rate of posttransplant biliary strictures. These findings corroborate the safety of TACE in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in potential OLT patients as a bridge to transplantation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-64553ea718ba42bfa2429811ed7e052f", "input": "Question: Does one size fit all : the influence of age at surgery on outcomes following Norwood operation?\nAnswer: In contrast to other institutional series, infants at our center undergoing Norwood operation at an earlier age have worse outcomes. Adoption of published practice patterns could lead to different local outcomes because of intangible center-specific effects, underscoring the principle that results from one institution may not be generalizable to others. Targeted center-specific internal review, if possible, should precede externally recommended changes in practice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ffea23a9bc74671854b15ac706b837e", "input": "Question: Do somatic symptom count scores identify patients with symptoms unexplained by disease : a prospective cohort study of neurology outpatients?\nAnswer: Self-rated symptom count scores should not be used to identify patients with symptoms unexplained by disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-77a6fc14f2ee4df981e48bcabc9485af", "input": "Question: Does s-100\u03b2 predict outcome after mild traumatic brain injury?\nAnswer: Amongst MTBI patients, S-100\u03b2 levels are not associated with prolonged post-concussive syndrome or the inability to RTWS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-62135ae9f27f42af92d91a911974e844", "input": "Question: Does the fibrinogen \u03b3A/\u03b3 ' isoform promote acute arterial thrombosis in mice?\nAnswer: Both \u03b3A/\u03b3A and \u03b3A/\u03b3' fibrinogen were cleaved by murine and human thrombin and were incorporated into murine and human clots. When \u03b3A/\u03b3A or \u03b3A/\u03b3' was spiked into plasma, \u03b3A/\u03b3A increased the fibrin formation rate to a greater extent than \u03b3A/\u03b3'. In mice, compared to controls, \u03b3A/\u03b3A infusion shortened the time to carotid artery occlusion, whereas \u03b3A/\u03b3' infusion did not. Additionally, \u03b3A/\u03b3' infusion led to lower levels of plasma thrombin-antithrombin complexes following arterial injury, whereas \u03b3A/\u03b3A infusion did not. These data suggest that \u03b3A/\u03b3' binds thrombin in vivo and decreases prothrombotic activity. Together, these findings indicate that elevated levels of \u03b3A/\u03b3A fibrinogen promote arterial thrombosis in vivo, whereas \u03b3A/\u03b3' does not.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9c42e281871e440e8fa686b1fc6734d5", "input": "Question: Does pallidal stimulation in Parkinson 's disease induce apathy?\nAnswer: The main result of this study is the absence of deterioration in psychiatric and cognitive scores 3 months and 6 months after pallidal stimulation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8800f66a69884f5785d1de947988e47b", "input": "Question: Does the disposition index reflect \u03b2-cell function in IGT subjects treated with pioglitazone?\nAnswer: These results demonstrate the validity of the disposition index when relating the plasma insulin response to insulin sensitivity but underscore the pitfall of this index when drawing conclusions about \u03b2-cell function, because insulin secretion declined despite an increase in the plasma insulin response.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-05dfcc7316f5401288da1cc3de7f09e1", "input": "Question: Is heterotopic bone formation derived from multipotent stromal cells inhibited in aged mice?\nAnswer: Overall, our results suggest that impaired bone formation with age is mainly cell-autonomous and provide a rationale for the use of MSC-based therapies for the treatment of bone diseases in the elderly.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0e9c3230dd254e4db0219712bdcc088b", "input": "Question: Is meconium ileus in cystic fibrosis linked to central repetitive region length variation in MUC1 , MUC2 , and MUC5AC?\nAnswer: The genetic length variants in the central repetitive region of three MUC genes studied are not associated with MI in subjects with CF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b4bec32fc10f42939802cbc939573b33", "input": "Question: Are conventional endoscopic features sufficient to differentiate small , early colorectal cancer?\nAnswer: Conventional endoscopic findings were insufficient to discriminate small, deep SM cancers from superficial SM cancers by white light, standard colonoscopy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-35cf0fdc52b3499497151bde7c642361", "input": "Question: Are female sex and oligoarthritis category risk factors for uveitis in Italian children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis?\nAnswer: In our patients, the risk of uveitis was related to younger age at onset of arthritis and presence of ANA, but not to female sex and disease category. This finding suggests that the patients who require the most intensive ophthalmologic screening are those who have early-onset JIA and are ANA-positive, regardless of their sex or disease subtype.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c5b3019d7de54aadbdc4c878f794e098", "input": "Question: Does carbonic anhydrase IX ( CAIX ) differentiate between benign and malignant mesothelium?\nAnswer: CAIX can be a useful ancillary marker for identifying mesothelial cells. There is no difference in CAIX expression between benign and malignant mesothelium. Caution should be exercised while evaluating for metastasis from renal cell carcinoma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dc025c02355343c4a95b08b7827e16b9", "input": "Question: Is rat middle cerebral artery occlusion a suitable model for the study of stroke-induced spontaneous infections?\nAnswer: Inflammatory and infection changes in Wistar rats subjected to MCAO models may be attributed not only to the brain ischemic injury but to the surgical aggression and/or anaesthetic stress. Consequently, we suggest that stroke-induced immunodepression in ischemic experimental models should be interpreted with caution in further experimental and translational studies, at least in rat stroke models that entail cervicotomy and cranial trepanation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ade757e8ac24ca98df17ef36d6feeba", "input": "Question: Is serum under-O-glycosylated IgA1 level correlated with glomerular IgA deposition based upon heterogeneity in the composition of immune complexes in IgA nephropathy?\nAnswer: Serum under-O-glycosylated IgA1 levels are not correlated with glomerular IgA deposition based upon heterogeneity in the composition of glomerular immune complexes in IgAN patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-04d53404a8bc47109a85f736b354c51a", "input": "Question: Does reduction in the use of diagnostic tests in infants with risk factors for early-onset neonatal sepsis delay antibiotic treatment?\nAnswer: Reduction of diagnostic tests such as CBC and CRP does not delay initiation of antibiotic treatment in infants with suspected EOS. The importance of clinical examination in infants with risk factors for EOS should be emphasised.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-06e2385820ce4925952aa2edb0d4298d", "input": "Question: Are nonnutritive sweeteners supernormal stimuli?\nAnswer: In terms of perceived sweetness, NNS cannot be considered supernormal stimuli. These data do not support the view that NNS hijack or overstimulate sweet receptors to produce elevated sweet sensations.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c767589c1117476caae8c2afbd133cb9", "input": "Question: Is visceral pleural invasion a significant prognostic factor in patients with a part-solid lung cancer?\nAnswer: VPI may not contribute to the prognosis of patients with part-solid nodules. Thus, upgrading of the TNM stage on the basis of VPI should be carefully considered in these patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-877a55749aa5446a8400f109f79ffe1f", "input": "Question: Choose why university athletes to reveal their concussion symptoms during a practice or game?\nAnswer: A significant percentage of university athletes who believed they had suffered a concussion chose not to seek medical attention at the time of injury. Improved education of players, parents, and coaches about the dangers of continuing to play with concussion symptoms may help improve reporting.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5ca13476fd3349b8b38e68a2f7b8f369", "input": "Question: Is bladder biopsy of normal-appearing mucosa helpful in patients with unexplained positive cytology after nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer?\nAnswer: Patients with malignant cytology despite normal cystoscopy have a high recurrence rate. Biopsy of normal-appearing bladder mucosa in this setting is rarely positive and does not alter the recurrence pattern.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-241c2765b5534a8bbfdfba393a14966e", "input": "Question: Does urinary concentration exclusively rely on plasma vasopressin . A study between genders . Gender and diurnal urine regulation?\nAnswer: Similar urinary flows and osmolalities are associated with levels of plasma vasopressin and renal PGE2, which are higher in males than in females. Oxytocin does not seem to play a role in the diurnal urine formation, whereas prostaglandin E2 could represent a mediator of the gender difference, not only as a mediator of the vasopressin response, but also as an independent factor. These findings need further elucidation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b477078b040e4152a72376ecb075cc28", "input": "Question: Does feeding butter with elevated content of trans-10 , cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid to lean rats impair glucose tolerance or muscle insulin response?\nAnswer: This study suggests that increasing the consumption of a naturally enriched CLAt10,c12 source, at least in rats, has minimal impact on whole body glucose tolerance or muscle specific insulin response.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-656e1e93eabf4237994594ebd1305403", "input": "Question: Does bi-level CPAP change central blood flow in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome?\nAnswer: Central blood flow doesn't change during bi-level CPAP support, which could become a hemodinamically safe tool for the treatment of RDS in preterm infants.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0268815d7aff4d8fbbe78c92ea2ec79f", "input": "Question: Does advice on lifestyle changes ( diet , red wine and physical activity ) affect internal carotid and middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity in patients with carotid arteriosclerosis in a randomized controlled trial?\nAnswer: Advice on lifestyle changes, including a modified polyphenol-rich Mediterranean diet, a glass of red wine daily and physical exercise, did not affect middle cerebral and internal carotid blood flow velocity in our patient group with carotid atherosclerosis. An increase in cerebral blood flow is thus unlikely to be the cause of the reduced risk of cerebrovascular disease and improved cognitive functioning described in the literature. One possible explanation for the fact that blood flow velocity was not affected by red wine, diet and physical activity advice is that two thirds of our patients were already on statin therapy. Statins increase cerebral blood flow and vasomotor reactivity via nitric oxide.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-56f382be6ebb475cb4fbe36d2892b7b1", "input": "Question: Is kinesio taping to generate skin convolutions better than sham taping for people with chronic non-speci\ufb01c low back pain : a randomised trial?\nAnswer: Kinesio Taping applied with stretch to generate convolutions in the skin was no more effective than simple application of the tape without tension for the outcomes measured. These results challenge the proposed mechanism of action of this therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f1c6e5a1cb84a708b9274dc45bc656c", "input": "Question: Is long-term prognosis of clinically early IgA nephropathy always favorable?\nAnswer: This study showed that the prognosis of early IgAN was not always favorable, even resulting in progression to ESRD in some cases. Hypoalbuminemia and interstitial fibrosis should also be considered important prognostic factors in clinically early IgAN patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f94a6b8662b2466b88b3c7a72d920470", "input": "Question: Do baseline vitamin B12 and folate levels predict improvement in depression after a single infusion of ketamine?\nAnswer: Ketamine's antidepressant efficacy may occur independently of baseline peripheral vitamin levels.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c087883131be417e8bdf0f73b0c18b48", "input": "Question: Is the chitinase-like protein YKL-40 a useful biomarker for severe persistent asthma in children?\nAnswer: Severe persistent asthma in childhood is not associated with elevated YKL-40 levels, unlike in adults with severe persistent asthma. YKL-40 is not a useful biomarker for asthma severity in childhood asthma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-33e8f374ada442ebb70fd382cdd0db7c", "input": "Question: Is memory impairment necessarily related to seizure frequency in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that seizure frequency does not explain most of the HV loss or memory impairment in MTLE. Memory impairment appears to be more influenced by hippocampal damage than by seizure frequency. Further studies are necessary to identify the factors that influence memory decline in patients with MTLE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1d3bb835019946289ad6491c6c0e1a51", "input": "Question: Is sexual activity of young men related to their anthropometric parameters?\nAnswer: In this study's age range, none of the examined anthropometric parameters was perfectly correlated with sexual activity. Obesity and metabolic diseases can cause all types of sexual function to deteriorate in older age, whereas their effects may not yet be prominent at younger ages (below 45 years). Health promotion for all ages should focus on prevention of obesity so as to improve quality of life and sexual health.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fce82e074295476eabb4ead0a8e683af", "input": "Question: Does repeat Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy within a Short Interval Increase the Atypical Cytologic Results for Thyroid Nodules with Previously Nondiagnostic Results?\nAnswer: The timing of repeat FNAB for thyroid nodules with previous ND results did not increase the nuclear atypia on repeat FNAB.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8ed891eb98554173bb5699103923d6ea", "input": "Question: Does third nerve palsy caused by compression of the posterior communicating artery aneurysm depend on the size of the aneurysm , but on the distance between the ICA and the anterior-posterior clinoid process?\nAnswer: Relatively small unruptured PCoA aneurysms can cause third nerve palsy if the ICA runs close to the skull base.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5fc0ee5387f44366a7998761dd2402f7", "input": "Question: Does combined isometric and vibration training enhance strength beyond that of isometric training alone?\nAnswer: The present study provides evidence to suggest that there are no greater gains to be incurred by the addition of a vibratory stimulus to traditional strength training.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-956a893d7d194a9d9bec4143e9f7b5ce", "input": "Question: Does four-hour infusion of hydrocortisone suppress the nocturnal increase of circulating acyl- or desacyl-ghrelin concentrations in healthy young adults?\nAnswer: A short-term increase in circulating cortisol concentrations by exogenous hydrocortisone infusion does not suppress circulating nocturnal acyl- or desacyl-ghrelin concentrations. Thus, it is likely that the diurnal pattern of ghrelin secretion is under circadian control and not directly regulated by cortisol.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-fabc5733846c42b0ab64ec6f9c9f1a63", "input": "Question: Does bi-level Positive Airway Pressure ( BiPAP ) with standard exhalation valve improve maximum exercise capacity in patients with COPD?\nAnswer: Use of BiPAP with a standard exhalation valve during exercise increases VT and VE at the expense of augmenting VCO2 and dyspnea, which in turns reduces WLpeak in COPD patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2cc9806ca7264556b00ebe08abbb1a3f", "input": "Question: Is transcutaneous bilirubinometry influenced by term or skin color in neonates?\nAnswer: TcB measurements using the Draeger JM-103\u00ae device correlate significantly with TSB, regardless of term and skin color. Transcutaneous bilirubinometry seems to be a safe and cost-effective screening method for severe hyperbilirubinemia in newborns of different terms and ethnic origins.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-35d4a71d9fe24dbda8801c95c3d4d76c", "input": "Question: Is human in vitro oocyte maturation associated with increased imprinting error rates at LIT1 , SNRPN , PEG3 and GTL2?\nAnswer: There is no significant increase in imprinting mutations at LIT1, SNRPN, PEG3 and GTL2 after IVM of cumulus-enclosed GV oocytes from small antral follicles in minimally stimulated cycles without hCG priming.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7ebd5d89b552488ab9b6523d4c591937", "input": "Question: Does hospital volume of thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair affect mortality in California?\nAnswer: We found no difference in mortality between low- and high-volume institutions in California, until high-volume hospitals were defined as each year after meeting initial threshold case volume. This may suggest that the benefits of high-volume hospitals on outcomes are maintained after reaching the requisite case volume.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c94d7b1e0ec0449e9583183e4700ee9e", "input": "Question: Does why simple aesthetic dental treatment in general practice make all patients happy?\nAnswer: Psychological variables may be important predictors of satisfaction with dental treatment and the clinical benefits of assessing them pre-operatively should be explored.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-da1b5c090e77413db7976e26b03ca79e", "input": "Question: Do clinical Hemodynamic Parameters Accurately Reflect Systemic Oxygen Transport in Neonates after the Norwood Procedure?\nAnswer: Routine clinical hemodynamic parameters do not accurately reflect oxygen transport after the Norwood procedure, except for SvO2, which does not differentiate between VO2 and DO2. Higher heart rate and SAP are correlated with a worse balance of oxygen transport. The results of clinical hemodynamic monitoring should be interpreted with caution. Direct measurements of oxygen transport parameters are important in the care of neonates after the Norwood procedure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c96474b6f68b4534979cdd0b8706a67a", "input": "Question: Do physician global assessments or blood tests predict mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis?\nAnswer: Neither blood tests nor PGA could replace endoscopy for assessing mucosal healing. When patients experienced active symptoms and abnormal serum markers, they were highly likely to have abnormal endoscopy. However, inactive symptoms or normal laboratory values did not preclude having active endoscopic disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-23bdb07ac2ca461193301cb99d116168", "input": "Question: Has increased use of partial-breast irradiation improved radiotherapy utilization for early-stage breast cancer?\nAnswer: Women who undergo RT are opting for PBI more frequently, but the increased use of this modality has not improved overall RT utilization for patients with early-stage breast cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-35af871034da4501b7601ea94e43ce04", "input": "Question: Is large prostate gland size a contraindication to low-dose-rate brachytherapy for prostate adenocarcinoma?\nAnswer: In men with large prostates, the PSI provides biochemical control and temporal changes in genitourinary toxicity that are comparable with men having smaller glands. Accurate dose optimization and delivery of PSI provides the best clinical outcomes regardless of gland size.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-cf3fcca0e017454c9070b0729a8b5be1", "input": "Question: Do activation deficits limit quadriceps strength training gains in patients after total knee arthroplasty?\nAnswer: Initial quadriceps activation levels, for patients who underwent TKA, did not predict the quadriceps strength following a strength training intervention. Therefore, deficits in voluntarily activation post-operatively should not be considered as a rate-limiting factor in recovering quadriceps strength after TKA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ce2533b9a9bc4d088b03630de915ef5b", "input": "Question: Is outer membrane protein P4 required for virulence in the human challenge model of Haemophilus ducreyi infection?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that, unlike e (P4), H. ducreyi OmpP4 is not a suitable vaccine candidate. OmpP4 may be dispensable for virulence because of redundant mechanisms in H. ducreyi for heme acquisition and NAD utilization.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-3985e3926a2541b4998517593786a81f", "input": "Question: Is ulcerative colitis neoplasia associated with common inflammatory bowel disease single-nucleotide polymorphisms?\nAnswer: The lack of correlation between well-known IBD-associated SNPs and UC-neoplasia demonstrated in this study suggests that the development of neoplasia in patients with UC is associated with genetic determinants other than those that predispose to inflammation or results from posttranslational modifications or epigenetic factors rather than germline polymorphisms.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5bd56b958f6048cbaec2920763e3f208", "input": "Question: Does current organisation of follow-up meet cancer patients ' needs?\nAnswer: The study underlines that the current organisation of follow-up does not meet cancer patients' needs. Several factors are associated with both needs and unmet needs. Hence, a more sustainable approach for follow-up care may consist in stratification tailored to the patients' different needs. In such an approach, more focus should be on age-specific needs and the impact of co-morbidity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4d5378f8d8740328aca000c9615d8a0", "input": "Question: Do [ Hepatitis B virus replication and viral gene expressions affect CDC37 level in hepatocytes in vitro ]?\nAnswer: HBV replication and its gene expression have no effect on the level of CDC37 in hepatocytes in vitro.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4533c74d298342e4b7020188f0c3e5ed", "input": "Question: Does cancer mortality differ between migrants and Danish-born patients?\nAnswer: Different trends were observed according to cancer type, but cancer mortality did not differ significantly between migrants and Danish-born patients. This may imply that the Danish health-care system provides equity in cancer care.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-551f3df622d94779a881e60b9c8184a4", "input": "Question: Does alkalization alleviate penile pain induced by intracavernous injection of prostaglandin E1?\nAnswer: Addition of sodium bicarbonate does not alleviate penile pain associated with injection of prostaglandin E1.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-59f114f911ed4b20845c25904381dc05", "input": "Question: Do acute pain and central nervous system arousal restore impaired hypoxic ventilatory response during sevoflurane sedation?\nAnswer: The observation that acute pain caused an increase in baseline ventilation with no effect on the acute hypoxic ventilatory response indicates that acute pain interacted with ventilatory control without modifying the effect of low-dose sevoflurane on the peripheral chemoreflex loop. Acute pain increased the level of arousal significantly during sevoflurane inhalation but did not restore the approximately 30% depression of the acute hypoxic ventilatory response by sevoflurane. The central nervous system arousal state per se did not contribute to the impairment of the acute hypoxic ventilatory response by sevoflurane.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8cb6eed162f7406a889d4b89f96a1579", "input": "Question: Does thermoregulatory vasoconstriction impede core warming during cutaneous heating?\nAnswer: The authors failed to confirm their hypothesis that thermoregulatory vasoconstriction decreases cutaneous transfer of applied heat and restricts peripheral-to-core flow of heat in anesthetized subjects. The reported difference between intraoperative and postoperative rewarming efficacy may result from nonthermoregulatory anesthetic-induced vasodilation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0d6c4dfa4e9f48d3a407995bd292c3e4", "input": "Question: Does gastrin stimulate growth of the rat pancreas?\nAnswer: CCK is a physiologically important trophic stimulus for the rat pancreas, but gastrin is not. The increase in pancreatic weight and DNA content after fundectomy and gastrectomy cannot be explained by means of either gastrin or CCK.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0c8e30d20f84d3daec29e0ce3828473", "input": "Question: Is occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis increased in the first degree relatives of a population based inception cohort of inflammatory polyarthritis?\nAnswer: There was no evidence of an important increased familial risk of RA in this community based sample. These data are compatible with others from immunogenetic studies showing only weak HLA associations with community ascertained RA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9e9ba713e8ae452c8684cbd3662491d3", "input": "Question: Are omeprazole and lansoprazole inducers of cytochrome P4501A2 under conventional therapeutic conditions?\nAnswer: The results show that both omeprazole and lansoprazole in the daily recommended therapeutic doses of 20 mg and 30 mg, respectively, have no influence on the metabolism of caffeine, and therefore no influence on cytochrome CYP1A2 activity.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1be5411495b842a89dea5c7ef1eee394", "input": "Question: Is splenic hypofunction in cirrhosis associated with increased risk for infections?\nAnswer: The increased number of pitted cells in patients with cirrhosis is not related to heptic function and does not represent a risk factor for infections.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-670028fa63a3470bb6c0f3306965bc97", "input": "Question: Do mast cells contribute to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastric mucosal injury in rodents?\nAnswer: Mast cells do not play a significant role in the development of gastric injury induced by acute NSAID administration in the rat or mouse.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-431782e822e54cd99e9b40080280e2cb", "input": "Question: Does the anti-ulcer drug sucralfate affect gastric nicotine levels?\nAnswer: The binding of nicotine to the precipitating agent sucralfate is not sufficient effectively to remove nicotine from the gastric juice.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-789596920b00497cb2e450ca322b0a67", "input": "Question: Does ketorolac decrease postoperative pain in elderly men after transvesical prostatectomy?\nAnswer: The intraoperative administration of ketorolac, 60 mg, im, was not associated with postoperative morphinesparing or improved analgesia in this elderly population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1defafccf95647b68bba269009d5dadc", "input": "Question: Does corticosteroid treatment improve the results of intrauterine insemination in male subfertility caused by antisperm antibodies?\nAnswer: The addition of corticosteroid immunosuppression does not seem to significantly enhance the pregnancy rate in couples with male autoimmune subfertility treated with IUI as compared to the treatment with IUI alone. Considering the possible side-effects of corticosteroid intake, we conclude that IUI alone might be preferable to the combination of IUI with corticosteroid administration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-40077962b36f4625bca2dcdb692ac8fe", "input": "Question: Do nondiabetic Mexican-Americans have reduced insulin responses relative to nondiabetic non-Hispanic whites?\nAnswer: These results suggest that increased insulin resistance rather than decreased insulin secretion is characteristic of nondiabetic Mexican-Americans, a high-risk population for NIDDM.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7dea23bed3ce4cf987ef230965533939", "input": "Question: Does increased molar proinsulin-to-insulin ratio in women with previous gestational diabetes predict later impairment of glucose tolerance?\nAnswer: The hypothesis that an increased fasting PI/I is a marker for later development of NIDDM or IGT in former GDM subjects could not be supported.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2504d1a5985b4d9b9b45e8f6bb64fcc1", "input": "Question: Does video-resection stop corneal contamination during transurethral resection of the prostate?\nAnswer: Urologists should use eye and face protection when performing TURP using a video system.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d74766c88edf41f9912f8da4d6f22949", "input": "Question: Are sensory neuropeptides directly involved in bronchial hyperresponsiveness induced by interleukin-8 in guinea-pigs in vivo?\nAnswer: We conclude that repeated intranasal administration of IL-8 causes bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and that neuropeptides such as neurokinin A and substance P do not directly contribute to the development of BHR induced by IL-8.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ef028bee12194e6fb8cfc401bbf4f1d3", "input": "Question: Is cerebral oxygenation monitoring by near-infrared spectroscopy clinically useful in patients with severe closed-head injury : a comparison with jugular venous bulb oximetry?\nAnswer: Tissue oxygen saturation determined by near-infrared spectroscopy does not reflect significant changes in cerebral oxygenation detected by the global measurement of jugular venous bulb oximetry. This finding may be explained by inadequate signal detection and inaccuracies in the algorithm used to filter out extracranial components. Until these technical difficulties are addressed, near-infrared spectroscopy, as measured by the machine assessed in this study, cannot be routinely recommended for assessment of cerebral oxygenation in patients with acute head injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f33955e94f3b46f084a8700499e42cff", "input": "Question: Does cyclosporin A delay insulin dependency in asymptomatic IDDM patients?\nAnswer: CyA alone is not a suitable treatment for asymptomatic IDDM. Earlier identification of subjects with substantial beta-cell secretory capacity and newer nontoxic intervention strategies are required for the prevention of IDDM.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-03aa43c18fc940a68f56c27865cb7e69", "input": "Question: Does diabetes influence oral oncogenesis through fibroblast growth factor receptors?\nAnswer: It seems that diabetes does not affect the FGFR-2 and FGFR-3 pattern of expression throughout the various stages of oral oncogenesis.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2cf420fa233e48f091862de85e4133f2", "input": "Question: Does mild traumatic brain injury predict acute postconcussion syndrome?\nAnswer: There is a high rate of acute PCS in both mTBI and non-brain injured trauma patients. PCS was not found to be specific to mTBI. The use of the term PCS may be misleading as it incorrectly suggests that the basis of PCS is a brain injury.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-36e548253ad841068a8c0704df392dfd", "input": "Question: Does neostigmine prolong the duration of analgesia produced by caudal bupivacaine in children undergoing urethroplasty?\nAnswer: Addition of neostigmine to 1.875 mg/kg of caudal bupivacaine did not prolong the analgesia following urethroplasty in children.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b7d6a8a54f7f4a6ba11e823bf0f78f70", "input": "Question: Does high mortality during tuberculosis treatment indicate long diagnostic delays in Vietnam : a cohort study?\nAnswer: Diagnostic delay is not associated with treatment mortality in Vietnam at individual nor district level, suggesting that high case fatality should not be used as an indicator of long diagnostic delay in national tuberculosis programmes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d123f195f92d436f890d5e02c165b9ae", "input": "Question: Does topical pimecrolimus prolong clear graft survival in a rat keratoplasty model?\nAnswer: Topical immunosuppression with pimecrolimus does not prolong graft survival in the allogeneic keratoplasty rat model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-af5c0d1137ce487496bd2d8f4fa3592c", "input": "Question: Is pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis required with a CD4+ T-cell count < 200 cells/microl when viral replication is suppressed?\nAnswer: With sustained suppression of viral replication, PCP prophylaxis may not be necessary, regardless of CD4+ T-cell count. This illustrates a degree of immune recovery that occurs with virologic suppression that is not reflected in absolute CD4+ T-cell count or percentage and suggests that guidelines for P. jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis may need to be re-evaluated.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-73a126fca4c34df6b62d8b3acc21ce3a", "input": "Question: Does inclusion of CA-125 improve mathematical models developed to distinguish between benign and malignant adnexal tumors?\nAnswer: Adding information on CA-125 to clinical information and ultrasound information does not improve discrimination of mathematical models between benign and malignant adnexal masses.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-01d1107a9af84340b928bcfaa2490184", "input": "Question: Are circulating leptin levels influenced by thyroid status in hypothyroid and euthyroid women?\nAnswer: Leptin levels are not influenced by hypothyroidism and do not correlate with thyroid hormones in euthyroid and hypothyroid women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a9be81e75ca748c0accee224ef213d7e", "input": "Question: Does deep sedation with dexmedetomidine in a porcine model compromise the viability of free microvascular flap as depicted by microdialysis and tissue oxygen tension?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that dexmedetomidine, even if used for deep sedation, does not have deleterious effects on local perfusion or tissue metabolism in denervated musculocutaneous flaps.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2538c05b1474408384141020afa84011", "input": "Question: Does matrix metalloproteinase induction in the tumor stroma depend on CD147 expression in murine B16 melanoma?\nAnswer: At least for the murine B16 melanoma model, CD147 expression on tumor cells seems not to be crucial for MMP-2, MMP-9 and MT1-MMP induction on tumor-associated stromal cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ac6821b9b95435e88d04bf3f4f9edd2", "input": "Question: Is dietary fish or seafood consumption related to cerebrovascular disease risk in twin veterans?\nAnswer: These data, from a prospective cohort of white male twins, do not support an association between dietary fish and seafood consumption and stroke or TIA.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-efc3db4ac1c442e0b3dd8ad1ef088bd8", "input": "Question: Are coagulation-related factors , thrombomodulin and protein Z , associated with risk for oral cancer?\nAnswer: Inherited predisposition affecting protein Z or thrombomodulin levels does not modulate susceptibility to oral cancer. Any possible contribution of thrombin to oral oncogenesis may involve other factors.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-de0f736e1a194c589ddf99b4375f962d", "input": "Question: Is [ Handilab C Chlamydia for home testing what it claims ]?\nAnswer: Most women had no problems taking the vaginal swab test, but Handilab C did not fulfil its claim to be a \"safe\" rapid test. The majority were uncertain about how to interpret the result or had false negative or false positive results.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4b1013c5630746878cedb6e69879f45c", "input": "Question: Does tomato-rich ( Mediterranean ) diet modify inflammatory markers?\nAnswer: The mechanisms of benefit of the tomato-rich diet are not directly related to inhibition of markers of vascular inflammation.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-409aad4e6c9240c5898832fedca11241", "input": "Question: Does intra-aortic counterpulsation improve coronary flow early after PCI in a high-risk group of patients : observations from a randomized trial to explore its mode of action?\nAnswer: Whether an IABP is of any benefit in non-shocked, but high-risk, patients undergoing PCI remains to be established, but any potential benefit does not appear to be associated with early improvement in coronary flow. Whether the insertion of an IABP improves coronary flow beyond 10 minutes is not known. However, the IABP did not significantly affect subsequent left ventricular wall motion index or ECG ST-segment resolution in this study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-be93a15b50df45e588df2b0d2f3506da", "input": "Question: Does nPY5R antagonism augment the weight loss efficacy of orlistat or sibutramine?\nAnswer: Blockade of the NPY5R with the potent antagonist MK-0557 did not significantly increase the weight loss efficacy of either orlistat or sibutramine monotherapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-25b3b0002fd64974bd4509c1c64e6583", "input": "Question: Does integrated FDG-PET/CT make invasive staging of the intrathoracic lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer redundant : a prospective study?\nAnswer: The accuracy of integrated FDG-PET/CT scanning is too low to replace invasive intrathoracic lymph node staging in patients with NSCLC. The visual interpretation of the fusion images of the integrated FDG-PET/CT scan can be replaced by the quantitative variable SUV(max)/SUV(liver) without loss of accuracy for intrathoracic lymph node staging.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-35a1a7d86bd74dcd8f1f43bcc64e10da", "input": "Question: Is age a discriminating factor for outcomes of therapeutic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy?\nAnswer: Our results serve a scientific basis that age is not a discriminating factor for outcomes in current therapeutic endoscopy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1708a943de2a4729b01683abb50a3f66", "input": "Question: Are receipt of appropriate primary breast cancer therapy and adjuvant therapy associated with obesity in older women with access to health care?\nAnswer: Receipt of appropriate primary therapy and adjuvant therapy is not associated with BMI in older women with access to health care. Additional research in larger samples and more diverse settings is needed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7c23041588a94538bf2d51e62e5891d5", "input": "Question: Is irinotecan fluorouracil plus leucovorin superior to fluorouracil plus leucovorin alone as adjuvant treatment for stage III colon cancer : results of CALGB 89803?\nAnswer: The addition of CPT-11 to weekly bolus FU plus LV did not result in improvement in DFS or OS in stage III disease, but did increase both lethal and nonlethal toxicity. This trial demonstrates that advances in the treatment of metastatic disease do not necessarily translate into advances in adjuvant treatment, and it reinforces the need for randomized controlled adjuvant studies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-99ef8058aa8040259580182867d783c4", "input": "Question: Does landiolol , an ultra short-acting beta1-adrenoceptor antagonist , alter the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration of isoflurane in a swine model?\nAnswer: Landiolol does not alter the antinociceptive effect of isoflurane. This result, combined with that from our previous work, also suggests that landiolol does not influence the anesthetic potency of inhaled anesthetics.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a3567625a3c54a3ea53a8031267ffb11", "input": "Question: Is the alloimmune response to the human platelet antigen-1a related to maternal-fetal killer immunoglobulinlike receptor/HLA-Cw combinations?\nAnswer: Maternal KIR/fetal HLA-Cw gene combinations that are involved in the fetomaternal tolerance do not appear to play a role in the HPA-1a alloimmunization.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1f6fee1f87b141828634d78389b967be", "input": "Question: Does ileoanal-pouch reconstruction impair sphincter function or quality of life?\nAnswer: Proctocolectomy combined with IPAA neither deteriorates anorectal function nor quality of life compared to conservatively treated controls. These data support that prophylactic proctocolectomy in patients who are at high risk for the development of colorectal cancer can be performed at an early stage of the disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b76c5462f0344cedb2a201820e964621", "input": "Question: Does [ Propofol induce retrograde amnesia at the hypnotic dose ]?\nAnswer: These results suggest that propofol dose not induce retrograde amnesia at hypnotic dose.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b875492e8015492aa58e392e2d739ba8", "input": "Question: Do adiponectin levels predict clinical onset of type 1 diabetes in antibody-positive relatives?\nAnswer: Adiponectin levels do not contribute to the prediction of type 1 diabetes in Ab+ relatives.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f5faa3b939c64dc2abb02b4f58d0380a", "input": "Question: Do subgenotypes of hepatitis B virus genotype C correlate with disease progression of chronic hepatitis B in Taiwan?\nAnswer: Subgenotypes of HBV/C may not have a clinical impact on the disease progression of chronic hepatitis B in Taiwan.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a2a6d611153240f28e60d4857163c9f8", "input": "Question: Does protein hydrolysate co-ingestion modulate 24 h glycemic control in long-standing type 2 diabetes patients?\nAnswer: Co-ingestion of a protein hydrolysate with each main meal does not improve glucose homeostasis over a 24 h period in long-standing type 2 diabetes patients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9be41d2d40cc462392891a401793bac7", "input": "Question: Does acute hyperglycaemia alter coronary vascular function in isolated , perfused rat hearts?\nAnswer: Sixty minutes of exposure to 500 mg/dl of d-glucose in an isolated, non-beating, buffer-perfused rat heart did not significantly affect coronary vascular smooth muscle vasodilator responses to NO and ADO or alter alpha(1)-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstrictor responses to PHE. Furthermore, an unchanged vasoconstrictor response to L-NAME suggests that acute hyperglycaemia did not alter NO bioavailability.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-84ec8982a4ad4bbfa551a284ac74b54d", "input": "Question: Is [ Cholinesterase activity parallel to symptoms in patients suffering from organophosphorous pesticide poisoning through skin or by gastrointestinal tract ]?\nAnswer: With the same level of enzymatic activity of cholinesterase, the symptoms of the patients poisoned via gastrointestinal tract are more serious than poisoning through skin, and the quantity of atropine is used very much more. Reactivation of the cholinesterase is earlier in patients poisoned by skin route.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c4e6a5e07eb9414da042225772d7bb08", "input": "Question: Is alpha1-Antitrypsin deficiency an important cause of childhood liver diseases in a multi-ethnic Southeast Asian population?\nAnswer: alpha1AT deficiency is not an important cause of neonatal cholestasis and childhood liver diseases in Malaysian children. In Malaysian children with neonatal cholestasis or other liver diseases, routine assay for alpha1AT phenotype is not recommended if there is no family history of neonatal cholestasis of uncertain aetiology, or if alpha1AT level is above 80 mg/dL.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8b305cfb40764642a7dc6aa8fb432490", "input": "Question: Is peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell mobilization and collection efficacy an independent prognostic factor for autologous stem cell transplantation?\nAnswer: The effectiveness of hematopoietic stem cell mobilization and collection as defined as number of days to reach a CD34+ cell dose of 2 x 10(6) per kg should not be used independently to forecast posttransplantation prognosis, engraftment, DFS, and OS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-55798527bfdb4e4eb02754b89bf6bb47", "input": "Question: Does unilateral asymptomatic carotid disease require surgery?\nAnswer: This data suggests that CEA will not benefit patients with unilateral asymptomatic disease. Patients with bilateral disease warrant inclusion in clinical trials.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-92278f78850247b4abff5415741b167a", "input": "Question: Does oral clonidine premedication prolong analgesia after herniorrhaphy under subarachnoid anesthesia?\nAnswer: In healthy patients, premedication with oral clonidine provided useful sedation and anxiolysis and stable hemodynamics, without prolongation of sensory and motor block. Side effects occurred only with clonidine 5 mcg/kg. Thus, a dose of 2.5 mcg/kg is recommended.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9f04caf4ea2b430d95c4934d7bf2d402", "input": "Question: Does pantoprazole interact with the pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine?\nAnswer: No dose adjustment of carbamazepine is therefore required during concomitant treatment with pantoprazole.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-48d07a1576f64aa48384797b69c3395f", "input": "Question: Is smoking a protective factor for patients with acute myocardial infarction : the viewpoint of the GISSI-2 Study?\nAnswer: Active smokers presented a lower incidence of reinfarction, stroke and in-hospital mortality rates, but after adjustment for other clinical-epidemiological variables, the apparent protective role of smoking was not confirmed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a2b28d9afa6648cfb17ffbd5c6ba0e65", "input": "Question: Is an intravenous fluid bolus necessary before administration of intrathecal fentanyl for labor analgesia?\nAnswer: Intrathecal fentanyl produces only minimal hemodynamic changes with or without prior fluid administration.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c9417dea02da4d9da103d38a5d41d18e", "input": "Question: Is gynecologic laparoscopic surgery associated with an increase of serotonin metabolites excretion?\nAnswer: The mechanism leading to the high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after gynecologic laparoscopic surgery is unknown. The excretion of the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoacetic acid did not increase during the creation of the pneumoperitoneum and the first 9 h postoperatively. Increase of serotonin secretion from the gut may not explain postoperative nausea and vomiting associated with this surgery.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-964a1ff773354a2e85fa9289442d44e3", "input": "Question: Are antibodies to Cag A protein predictive of serious gastroduodenal disease in Indian patients?\nAnswer: Anti-Cag A antibodies do not seem to discriminate duodenal ulcer patients from non ulcer dyspepsia in the Indian population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f0452860c6af47ecb50aab53006c4c8c", "input": "Question: Does acute infusion of naloxone , an opioid receptor antagonist , modify serum leptin concentrations in amenorrheic and healthy women?\nAnswer: The present data do not support the hypothesis that opioidergic receptors are involved acutely in the modulation of leptin release in healthy and amenorrheic women.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-032f4f4b3b1d4229a449ee2c556f0480", "input": "Question: Do plant monoterpenes raise plasma high-density-lipoprotein concentrations in humans?\nAnswer: Plant monoterpenes have no HDL-elevating activity of potential value for coronary artery disease prevention.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-dbf9e10b07654cc89bf965484465660a", "input": "Question: Are 2nd-trimester maternal serum marker results altered by delayed analysis?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that up to a 14-day delay in the performance of the 2nd-trimester maternal serum biochemical screening assays will not alter the results significantly. The results of maternal serum screening are, thus, clinically valid even if the laboratory assays were performed several days after maternal blood was drawn.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6ce2a4e62e444700a9be175e872e3b51", "input": "Question: Does treatment with calcium antagonists increase the risk of fatal or non-fatal cancer in an elderly mid-European population : results from STEPHY II . Starnberg Study on Epidemiology of Parkinsonism and Hypertension in the Elderly?\nAnswer: Use of calcium antagonists does not increase the risk of fatal or non-fatal cancer over 3 years in an elderly mid-European population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6c95edc3836348c6b2a394a30032458c", "input": "Question: Does severe experimental uraemia decrease the population of rat pituitary somatotrophs?\nAnswer: These results suggest that severe experimental uraemia interferes with the maturation process of the pituitary gland and support the contention that differences in either the number or the size of pituitary somatotrophs cannot explain the reduced GH secretion previously reported in severely uraemic rats.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a3b0b7aed1534e24a11b4434934f8769", "input": "Question: Does saphenous surgery correct perforator incompetence in the presence of deep venous reflux?\nAnswer: Eradication of main stem saphenous reflux corrects IPV reflux in most cases in which reflux is confined to the superficial system. However, in patients with superficial reflux that persists postoperatively, or when there is coexistent deep venous reflux, saphenous surgery alone fails to correct IPVs reflux. In these circumstances, the only way of reliably correcting pathologic outward flow in medial calf perforating veins is to perform SEPS.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d7fb183e5c8c4a649a11d1fc61eab902", "input": "Question: Is lactose maldigestion an impediment to the intake of 1500 mg calcium daily as dairy products?\nAnswer: The symptoms resulting from lactose maldigestion are not a major impediment to the ingestion of a dairy-rich diet supplying approximately 1500 mg Ca/d.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-712e7e26ab9742f7b8a4d0462a2de294", "input": "Question: Is myocardial contractility constant during spontaneous atrial fibrillation in patients?\nAnswer: Myocardial contractility is constantly changing from beat to beat in atrial fibrillation because of the influence of the force-interval relationships.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-865e96ba0f9e4c7fbe63a02256610f28", "input": "Question: Are pets a risk factor for Helicobacter pylori infection in young children : results of a population-based study in Southern Germany?\nAnswer: These results suggest that pets in the household are not a risk factor for H. pylori infection among children in this population.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6304a8c323fd4fb4b865d0942b068eb3", "input": "Question: Is depth perception in random dot stereograms affected by changes in either vergence or accommodation?\nAnswer: Extraretinal cues related to vergence angle and accommodation seem to be not necessary to scale horizontal disparities for viewing distance.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8a0b14d22be429f95a58a34f876bc4f", "input": "Question: Is dietary caffeine intake correlated with adolescent bone gain?\nAnswer: These findings indicate that dietary caffeine intake at levels presently consumed by American white, teenage women is not correlated with adolescent total bone mineral gain or hip bone density at age 18.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-de5dc19c80dd42abb8db9fd32c6fa33f", "input": "Question: Does ginseng supplementation enhance healthy young adults ' peak aerobic exercise performance?\nAnswer: The results of this study do not support an ergogenic effect on peak aerobic exercise performance following a 3-week supplementation period of 200 mg 7% Panax ginseng in healthy young adults with moderate exercise capacities and unrestricted diets.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b45de5568dcf42b38af18ccdd89b2f71", "input": "Question: Is cYP2D6 polymorphism crucial for the disposition of selegiline?\nAnswer: CYP2D6 is not important in the primary elimination of selegiline, and the biological effect of selegiline seems to be similar in poor metabolizers and extensive metabolizers of debrisoquin. The inhibitory effect of selegiline and its main metabolites on CYP2D6 activity seems to be negligible.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-89d29037d62e477b8c7db23a09bc4326", "input": "Question: Is peroxynitrite a major mediator of endothelial cell injury by activated neutrophils in vitro?\nAnswer: NO-derived ONOO- is not a major cytotoxic mediator in BAEC injury by activated PMN. NO may have a cytoprotective effect by inhibiting PMN adherence to endothelial cells.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-aafb97ae33e04fd8aca3744a4df98782", "input": "Question: Does endothelin-1 receptor antagonism influence myocardial function in hypertensive dogs?\nAnswer: Without influencing heart function, bosentan is an efficient and safe therapy that opens up new therapeutic perspectives in human essential hypertension.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-27fb50e17b0b4c21831055eebee0c548", "input": "Question: Does catheter type affect the outcome of intrauterine insemination treatment : a prospective randomized study?\nAnswer: A lower frequency of sperm regurgitation and a higher frequency of difficult introduction was observed when the Gynetics catheter was used. However, there was no significant difference in pregnancy rates with use of either the Gynetics catheter or the Makler cannula.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1dfe5849dcf340eca7d88b2a89010fd5", "input": "Question: Does testosterone adversely affect fibrinogen or tissue plasminogen activator ( tPA ) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ( PAI-1 ) levels in 46 men with chronic stable angina?\nAnswer: Physiological testosterone replacement does not adversely affect blood coagulation status.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bcdfc1977c674f4cbe3f15cb1b908d7b", "input": "Question: Does inhalation injury assessed by score contribute to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in burn victims?\nAnswer: In our burn patients the incidence of ARDS was high whereas mortality was low. We found no association between inhalation injury as assessed using the ILIS and development of ARDS. Our data support a multi-factorial origin of ARDS in burn victims as a part of a multiple organ failure event.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e9a137bcf000465d9b126d513298d5b6", "input": "Question: Does [ Sexual function after radical prostatectomy affect global patient satisfaction ]?\nAnswer: Although sexual function is markedly altered after RP, it does not affect global patient satisfaction with the treatment received. Urinary function and general quality of life are significantly correlated with global satisfaction.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0aaa3cd233f34201aebed982ceb55e14", "input": "Question: Do polymorphisms in cytokine genes predict progression to end-stage heart failure in children?\nAnswer: No evidence is found to support the hypothesis that these polymorphisms for cytokine genes influence progression to end-stage heart failure in children undergoing transplantation because of cardiomyopathy or congenital heart disease.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-f99eec71562647d594cf8dea7d439869", "input": "Question: Does in vivo uptake of [ 11C ] choline correlate with cell proliferation in human prostate cancer?\nAnswer: In vivo uptake of [(11)C]choline does not correlate with cell proliferation in human prostate cancer as depicted by Ki-67. Our results suggest that a process other than proliferation is responsible for the uptake of [(11)C]choline in prostate cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a24057b1d3ef4a5eb53d98e1b8f4f51f", "input": "Question: Have traditional systemic treatments fully met the needs of psoriasis patients : results from a national survey?\nAnswer: For most patients, none of the 4 systemic therapies widely utilized in 2002 for psoriasis were highly satisfactory. If we are to learn whether new treatments satisfy patients' needs, long term, prospective, comparative studies of heterogeneous patient populations that include patients' assessments are needed.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-547076cfa7624ab9954bc29352f552d1", "input": "Question: Is intratumoral oxygenation of invasive squamous cell carcimoma of the vulva correlated with regional lymph node metastasis?\nAnswer: Although this analysis failed to demonstrate a strong correlation between various measures of tumour oxygenation with nodal metastasis, it may be due to the small number of patients. Only preoperative anaemia is correlated with nodal metastasis in early ISCC of the vulva.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-52481a71a400487e95af90666921b537", "input": "Question: Does regulation of H2O2 generation in thyroid cells involve Rac1 activation?\nAnswer: Unlike in leukocytes, Rac proteins do not play a role in H2O2 generation in thyroid cells. A different regulatory cascade for the control of H2O2 generation remains to be defined.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e1270c6bd4434b7899231a3f93b0c23f", "input": "Question: Does systolic blood pressure reliably identify vasoactive status in chronic heart failure?\nAnswer: Measurement of systolic BP alone does not reliably indicate the degree of vasoconstriction or vasodilation that exists in patients with CHF. Measurement of SVRI by ICG may help guide determination of need and tolerance for vasodilating medications in CHF.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1386fd83599e4df688ce8d4458479f7e", "input": "Question: Does right atrial overdrive pacing prevent atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery?\nAnswer: Atrial overdrive pacing and bradycardia prevention pacing were not effective in the prevention of AF after CABG.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-bd71b9ba561d4570b47b31645639b3f8", "input": "Question: Are post-pyelonephritic renal scars associated with vesicoureteral reflux in children?\nAnswer: Renal scars after first pyelonephritis are in most cases not associated with abnormalities of the urinary tract, but are caused by the infection itself. However, structural abnormalities may predispose to recurrent infections. Following pyelonephritis new renal scars may develop in all age groups in both sexes.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-4c44f33c7e5c4efca304f867388f8223", "input": "Question: Does hypercoagulability affecting early vein graft patency exist after off-pump coronary artery bypass?\nAnswer: OPCAB is not associated with a significant activation in postoperative platelet function. This study suggests that if hypercoagulability exists after OPCAB, it is not involved in the pathogenesis of arterial thrombotic events such as early bypass graft failure.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a5ca15677e3442598b48e15cb21671dd", "input": "Question: Is preprandial ghrelin affected by macronutrient intake , energy intake or energy expenditure?\nAnswer: Preprandial ghrelin does not appear to be influenced by macronutrient composition, energy intake, or energy expenditure. Similarly, ghrelin does not appear to affect acute or chronic energy intake under free-living conditions.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7d1c5a04c51e433582d867b2134775e0", "input": "Question: Does dietary vitamin B-6 restriction alter rates of homocysteine remethylation or synthesis in healthy young women and men?\nAnswer: Moderate vitamin B-6 deficiency does not significantly alter the rates of homocysteine remethylation or synthesis in healthy young adults in the absence of dietary methionine intake.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5cf8421958d34d808469604ace67902f", "input": "Question: Are polymorphisms in SPINK5 associated with asthma in a Dutch population?\nAnswer: The negative results in this study suggest that SPINK5 is not associated with asthma or atopic phenotypes in individuals ascertained by a proband with asthma. This is consistent with the finding that SPINK5 is not expressed in the lung. Because our patients were ascertained for asthma, a role of SPINK5 in atopic dermatitis cannot be excluded.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-751f3df311174fcd805f5550f8dac4ff", "input": "Question: Do blood culture and susceptibility results and allergy history influence fluoroquinolone use in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia?\nAnswer: Fluoroquinolones are prescribed despite microbiologic confirmation of penicillin-susceptible pneumococcal pneumonia in the absence of penicillin allergy. These prescribing patterns may contribute to selection pressure associated with fluoroquinolone-resistant gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-797ba6e1570849e5b40a754377237737", "input": "Question: Is l-arginine , the natural precursor of NO , effective for preventing bone loss in postmenopausal women?\nAnswer: We conclude from these results that supplementation with L-arginine hydrochloride is not effective for improving bone mass in humans.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d5293bfaeb7b48c3a75baaac4c830e30", "input": "Question: Are parker Flex-Tip superior to polyvinylchloride tracheal tubes for awake fibreoptic intubations?\nAnswer: For AFOI in patients with difficult airways, the PFT is not superior to conventional PVC TTs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-7be99e30ff7943db85ca1a0cb8f6a9d5", "input": "Question: Does the route of administration ( oral vs intravenous ) influence dose or outcome in Graves ' disease and unifocal autonomy?\nAnswer: The causes of individual differences between targeted and therapeutically achieved doses remain undetermined. Variations in the bioavailability of radioiodide or other parameters affecting thyroid status may be involved, and further investigations are needed to clarify this.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-2ba6a9bfd3b7462fb25e67159424b447", "input": "Question: Are dendritic cells generated from patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer impaired in migration and T-cell stimulation?\nAnswer: Our data suggest that MoDCs from patients with androgen-independent CaP are functionally intact and hence qualify as cellular vaccines for immunotherapy of advanced stage CaP.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-832b68f99e9e4b549cb9cecfa71bb14f", "input": "Question: Does mechanotransduction in bone require a functional cyclooxygenase-2 ( COX-2 ) gene?\nAnswer: A functional COX-2 gene was not found to be required for skeletal mechanotransduction. This is in contrast to previous pharmacological studies showing that COX-2 is critical to the response of bone to loading. Investigating a potential reason for the absence of a genotype difference in this study, we found that mice with a null mutation in the COX-2 gene possess inductive skeletal COX-1 expression.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-c576f93afb1e448ea79ecbd7330d2650", "input": "Question: Are c-reactive protein levels associated with increased risk for colorectal cancer in women?\nAnswer: Despite multivariate analysis, residual confounding might still be present. Although this study was prospective, we cannot completely exclude undetected cancer at baseline. Measurements for CRP were available for only 71% of women in the cohort; however, the women who did and those who did not provide blood were mostly similar.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1109b91233ee468b97cdfe0027214d79", "input": "Question: Does digital rectal examination ( DRE ) influence total serum levels of prostate specific antigen ( tPSA ) , in individuals without prostate pathology?\nAnswer: DRE examination does not significantly influence the tPSA values in individuals under study.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ea1e749600844b11a3ed2f7165d0235d", "input": "Question: Does vP22 significantly enhance enzyme prodrug cancer gene therapy as a part of a VP22-HSVTk-GFP triple fusion construct?\nAnswer: Based on our results, VP22 fusion proteins do not seem to traffic intercellularly at detectable levels in most tumor cell types. Even though VP22 enhanced cytotoxicity in one cell line in vitro, the effect in vivo was modest. Therefore, our results do not support the utility of VP22 as an enhancer of enzyme prodrug cancer gene therapy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-74565b1c76434b77bca8443f111ec28c", "input": "Question: Does atherogenesis in mice require CD40 ligand from bone marrow-derived cells?\nAnswer: These experiments demonstrate that CD40L modulates atherogenesis, at least in mice, primarily by its expression on nonhematopoietic cell types rather than monocytes, T lymphocytes, or platelets, a surprising finding with important pathophysiologic and therapeutic implications.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6c5f6a9a04a54e9cb83886a9fb236286", "input": "Question: Does n-2-mercaptopropionylglycine , a scavanger of reactive oxygen species , modify the early antiarrhythmic effect of ischaemic preconditioning in anaesthetised dogs?\nAnswer: We conclude that in our canine model of ischaemia/reperfusion the generation of ROS does not play a trigger role in the early PC-induced antiarrhythmic protection.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6d85841e33e14c46bacefbef15a4cd92", "input": "Question: Is immunization against a low-frequency human platelet alloantigen in fetal alloimmune thrombocytopenia a single event : characterization by the combined use of reference DNA and novel allele-specific cell lines expressing recombinant antigens?\nAnswer: This study demonstrates that cases of FNAIT attributed to low-frequency PLT alloantigens cannot be regarded as single events. The availability of reference DNA and cell lines expressing recombinant PLT alloantigens can facilitate their identification.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-6b5fffbb3506455798503728f8c194fb", "input": "Question: Does delayed emergence process result in a lower incidence of emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in children?\nAnswer: Prolonged recovery did not reduce the incidence of EA following sevoflurane anesthesia in children.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff2c954f86724557887faee1eca9af6c", "input": "Question: Does repopulation of apolipoprotein E knockout mice with CCR2-deficient bone marrow progenitor cells inhibit ongoing atherosclerotic lesion development?\nAnswer: In contrast to the critical role of CCR2 in the initiation of atherogenesis, bone marrow progenitor cell-derived CCR2 does not influence the progression of established atherosclerotic lesions, pointing to additional mechanisms for recruitment of monocytes at later stages of lesion development.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-450e56855e5649dba03e26b39eec1c87", "input": "Question: Does androgen ablation therapy increase the risk of late morbidity following 3D-conformal radiotherapy of organ-confined prostate cancer : the experience of the European Institute of Oncology?\nAnswer: In our experience, the use of androgen ablation does not impact on late toxicity following high dose 3D-conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-83202f6bb7e84fe88b939f1f7aeebf78", "input": "Question: Does plateletpheresis cause long-standing platelet-derived growth factor release into the donor blood?\nAnswer: Only a slight and rapidly reversible increase in soluble PDGF-AB was found during plateletpheresis and no increase in soluble TGF-beta1 and beta-TG was found. This change should not be harmful to the donor.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-97d211103ebe470eaede92bf1da89a46", "input": "Question: Does the extent of lymphadenectomy for pTXNO prostate cancer affect prostate cancer outcome in the prostate specific antigen era?\nAnswer: The extent of lymphadenectomy does not appear to affect prostate cancer outcome in lymph node negative cases. This includes patients with high preoperative PSA, high pathological grade and extracapsular disease. These results suggest that under staging is not present in apparently node negative cases with limited lymphadenectomy and, even if present, its impact on outcome is likely to be negligible.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ed52d26f3bc64e3e909f261a7d16e56b", "input": "Question: Do laser-mediated transmural myocardial channels salvage acutely ischemic myocardium?\nAnswer: Direct laser revascularization of the heart did not provide any immediate benefit to ischemic myocardium in this canine model of coronary artery occlusion. Thus, it is doubtful that direct laser-mediated myocardial revascularization would be of immediate benefit in the treatment of patients with acute ischemia.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-41f8d08232f74581b0f4730ccf807b4a", "input": "Question: Does hyperosmolarity contribute to transient radicular irritation after spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric 5 % lidocaine?\nAnswer: The results suggest that transient radicular irritation did not result from the marked hyperosmolarity of the hyperbaric 5% lidocaine. However, because lidocaine and bupivacaine were not administered at equipotent dosages, the relative potential for both drugs to induce transient radicular irritation remains to be determined.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-ff686b80a824486a803caa7b2f8724e9", "input": "Question: Is recurrence of condylomata acuminata following cryotherapy prevented by systemically administered interferon?\nAnswer: Interferon alpha-2a administered subcutaneously offers no benefit as a chemotherapeutic adjuvant to cryotherapy when used alone in the therapy of genital warts in this population of patients with recurrent condylomata.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-544af08bf6b041a89ff230200cb60a72", "input": "Question: Do retinal pigment epithelial cell transplants in retinal degeneration slow mice rescue photoreceptor cells?\nAnswer: This study supports the conclusions of other investigators that the photoreceptor cell is the primary site of the genetic defect that results in retinal dystrophy in the rds mouse model.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-892796956edc4968899c838f83186f71", "input": "Question: Is deficiency of erythropoietin responsible for the anaemia associated with cyclosporin treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus . Canadian-European Randomized Control Trial Group?\nAnswer: The light anaemia associated with Cs therapy in IDDM patients is not related to an insufficient production of EPO, but is caused by other, as yet unknown mechanisms, unrelated to the nephrotoxic action of this drug.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-540d6c422dbf4c759dc9889f3bac7cc5", "input": "Question: Is acetylcholine-induced constriction of angiographically normal coronary arteries time dependent in transplant recipients . Effects of stepwise infusion at 1 , 6 , 12 and more than 24 months after transplantation?\nAnswer: This study indicates that the acetylcholine response is persistently abnormal in transplant recipients compared with that in normal control subjects and that this abnormality may not be related simply to the presence of atherosclerosis. Thus, acetylcholine may not be a useful tool for early detection of coronary atherosclerosis in heart transplant recipients.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-450010b08793482faa26def13e48468a", "input": "Question: Does 0.1 % bupivacaine reduce the requirement for epidural fentanyl infusion after major abdominal surgery?\nAnswer: In low concentrations (0.1%), bupivacaine did not reduce the titrated dose of epidural fentanyl required for adequate pain relief during forced inspiration after major abdominal surgery. The incidence and severity of adverse effects were also comparable whether or not low-dose bupivacaine infusion was used.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-a7c6f23f074c466eb7beeebb864b572e", "input": "Question: Is p53CM1 expression associated with prognosis in uterine cervical carcinoma?\nAnswer: The p53CM1 expression in cancer cells is not a predictive factor for the prognosis of patients with cervical carcinoma.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-b3d6ab9ad518471bab16c21680497520", "input": "Question: Are missense polymorphisms within IL-10R1 exons associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in Chinese?\nAnswer: In the Chinese Han population, missense SNPs within the exons of the IL-10R1 gene do not contribute to the development of SLE.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-8e605800077745289bc925fa79f71141", "input": "Question: Does etanercept impair healing in rat models of tendon or metaphyseal bone injury?\nAnswer: Etanercept does not appear to impair tendon or metaphyseal bone healing to any substantial degree.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9116a80638a64380a88977a3951d408a", "input": "Question: Is mesenchymal stromal cell phenotype influenced by confluence during culture expansion?\nAnswer: These data demonstrate that MSC characteristics and plasticity can be maintained during culture expansion from bone marrow mononuclear cells to MSCs and that a homogeneous phenotype of undifferentiated MSCs which persists independent of cell density can be used for clinical therapies.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e8cbdadc9e6e46d3a5384448369d77a4", "input": "Question: Does nanoTIO ( 2 ) ( UV-Titan ) induce ESTR mutations in the germline of prenatally exposed female mice?\nAnswer: We found no evidence for increased ESTR mutation rates in F1 females exposed in utero to UV-Titan nanoparticles from GD8-18 relative to control females.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-0a4a851f10c947c3b01ddc4d815adf69", "input": "Question: Is worsening renal function associated with response to treatment in acute heart failure?\nAnswer: During ADHF treatment, \u0394BNP was not associated with changes in renal function. Development of WRF during ADHF treatment was not associated with mortality. Our study suggests that development of WRF should not preclude diuresis in ADHF patients in the absence of volume depletion.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-651755e54dc847929d667c0d11b0c790", "input": "Question: Is ureteric duplication a contraindication for robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystoprostatectomy and intracorporeal Studer pouch formation?\nAnswer: Duplicated ureters might be underdiagnosed on CT. The presence of a duplicated ureter is not a contraindication to RALRCP and intracorporeal Studer pouch formation. The da Vinci-S surgical robot is very safe for performing this complicated procedure. Frozen section analysis of ureters during radical cystectomy for bladder cancer might not reliably diagnose the pathologic condition and might overestimate the disease in the ureters.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-99c007e3f6f741348f0fcec47e7a6591", "input": "Question: Does dydrogesterone reverse the cardiovascular benefits of percutaneous estradiol?\nAnswer: Both HRT groups showed a reduction in their Framingham score. In contrast to data from other HRT investigations on cardiovascular risk, these formulations proved to be safe, even in the first year of use.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-1abbad3b856e4d73b07913eb021ed674", "input": "Question: Does acute ethanol always affect delay discounting in rats selected to prefer or avoid ethanol?\nAnswer: Our data indicate that in these lines of animals, alcohol preference or avoidance has no impact on delay discounting following acute ethanol exposure. It is possible that other genetic models or lines may be differentially affected by alcohol and exhibit qualitatively and quantitatively different responses in delay discounting tasks.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9b7753196c044dd4ac792c2e930880ea", "input": "Question: Is dietary intake associated to the metabolic syndrome in elderly women?\nAnswer: No associations were observed between nutritional factors and the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in elderly women, a result possibly due to the fact that these factors have an influence in earlier phases of life, or to a recent modification of dietary habits, which however was not able to prevent the establishment of the syndrome.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-433e16de8b5448d1944d8509ac115c14", "input": "Question: Are family/friend donors true voluntary donors?\nAnswer: Family donors cannot be included amongst voluntary-non-remunerated blood donors as they have a higher rate of TTIs.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-90f0eb2261144516a7e2fe0857538762", "input": "Question: Is induction chemoradiation superior to induction chemotherapy alone in stage IIIA lung cancer?\nAnswer: Published evidence is sparse but does not support the use of radiation therapy in induction regimens for stage IIIA (N2). Given the potential disadvantages of adding radiation preoperatively, clinicians should consider using this treatment strategy only in the context of a clinical trial to allow better assessment of its effectiveness.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-5b5262cc069348958c822c85599ee4ad", "input": "Question: Is robotic gait training superior to conventional treadmill training in parkinson disease : a single-blind randomized controlled trial?\nAnswer: Robotic gait training with the Lokomat is not superior to treadmill training in improving gait performance in patients with PD. Both approaches are safe, with results maintained for up to 6 months.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-e14cb91893f049e69a1d3711fa7d13a9", "input": "Question: Does mobile phone use discourage adolescent smoking in Japan?\nAnswer: The hypothesis that the decrease in smoking prevalence among Japanese adolescents that has been observed in recent years is due to a mobile phone use can be rejected.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-d4f2e2e156344b4b8e021cad147dfa78", "input": "Question: Does low back pain improve with surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse?\nAnswer: Our study found a statistically significant but not clinically significant improvement of LBP after surgical repair of prolapse.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-afa5ed0da2ac4eed9a43a66167afeb70", "input": "Question: Are the pharmacokinetics of darexaban affected to a clinically relevant degree by rifampicin , a strong inducer of P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4?\nAnswer: Overall, rifampicin did not affect the PK profiles of darexaban glucuronide and darexaban to a clinically relevant degree, suggesting that the potential for drug-drug interactions between darexaban and CYP3A4 or P-glycoprotein-inducing agents is low.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-17b7dd1455cf49a780540c7d07da6334", "input": "Question: Does complete calcification of colorectal liver metastases on imaging after chemotherapy indicate sterilization of disease?\nAnswer: This preliminary study shows that although imaging evidence of complete calcification of liver metastases may be a good indicator of chemotherapy response, it does not imply sterilization of the malignancy.", "output": [ "no" ] }, { "id": "task846-9eaaafd7ecbd4d9ca65b9cc6cd6bd4b1", "input": "Question: Does age influence the clinical outcome after high tibial osteotomy?\nAnswer: Valgus high tibial osteotomy is an effective procedure for the treatment of medial gonarthrosis independent of the patient's age. As a consequence, the age of the patient does not have to be taken into consideration for the indication of high tibial osteotomy.", "output": [ "no" ] } ], "Instance License": [ "MIT" ] }