xpE5z7cMVey-00000-00000112-00000419 the Lewin officially the municipality of
xpE5z7cMVey-00001-00000420-00000671 the Lewin is a fourth class municipality
xpE5z7cMVey-00002-00000672-00000817 and capital of the province of
xpE5z7cMVey-00003-00000818-00001100 maguindanao Philippines according to the
xpE5z7cMVey-00004-00001101-00001361 2015 census it has a population of
xpE5z7cMVey-00005-00001362-00001568 50,000 eight people the town was
xpE5z7cMVey-00006-00001569-00001702 recognized by the Sangguniang
xpE5z7cMVey-00007-00001703-00001934 Panlalawigan of maguindanao as the newt
xpE5z7cMVey-00008-00001935-00002216 de jure provincial capital in 2014 a
xpE5z7cMVey-00009-00002217-00002377 move seen as the solution to the
xpE5z7cMVey-00010-00002378-00002575 decades-old issue of maguindanao x' lack
xpE5z7cMVey-00011-00002576-00002780 of a permanent provincial capital due to
xpE5z7cMVey-00012-00002781-00003058 local clan politics
xpE5z7cMVey-00013-00003059-00003654 Farren guys the Lewin is politically
xpE5z7cMVey-00014-00003656-00004006 subdivided into seven baron guys
xpE5z7cMVey-00015-00004007-00004816 digital lower silane masla bein
xpE5z7cMVey-00016-00004817-00005707 población mopac poeppel talat 8 upper
xpE5z7cMVey-00017-00005708-00005915 silane
xpE5z7cMVey-00018-00005916-00006515 history bluing used to comprise a vast
xpE5z7cMVey-00019-00006516-00006721 area surrounding Lake velu and when it
xpE5z7cMVey-00020-00006722-00006929 was created as one of the municipalities
xpE5z7cMVey-00021-00006930-00007229 of Cotabato on August 8th 1947 by
xpE5z7cMVey-00022-00007230-00007583 executive order number 82 of pres manuel
xpE5z7cMVey-00023-00007584-00007885 roxas on August 3rd 1951 the
xpE5z7cMVey-00024-00007886-00008105 municipality of tacker on was created
xpE5z7cMVey-00025-00008106-00008468 out of its southwestern portion in 1961
xpE5z7cMVey-00026-00008469-00008696 its southeastern portion was separated
xpE5z7cMVey-00027-00008697-00008939 to form the municipality of Colombia six
xpE5z7cMVey-00028-00008940-00009116 years later its southern portion was
xpE5z7cMVey-00029-00009117-00009404 made into the municipality of Luton it
xpE5z7cMVey-00030-00009405-00009560 was made part of the province of
xpE5z7cMVey-00031-00009561-00009913 maguindanao on November 22nd 1973 at the
xpE5z7cMVey-00032-00009914-00010127 same time seating its western coast of
xpE5z7cMVey-00033-00010128-00010256 Lakeville ouin to create the
xpE5z7cMVey-00034-00010257-00010487 municipality of president Torino which
xpE5z7cMVey-00035-00010488-00010702 was made part of Sultan Kudarat province
xpE5z7cMVey-00036-00010703-00010973 its northern portion was made into the
xpE5z7cMVey-00037-00010974-00011252 municipality of Gen SK pend Adhan on
xpE5z7cMVey-00038-00011253-00011576 April 7 1991 its area was further
xpE5z7cMVey-00039-00011577-00011894 divided on December 30th 2006 when two
xpE5z7cMVey-00040-00011895-00012095 more municipalities were created out of
xpE5z7cMVey-00041-00012096-00012346 its territory namely Mangudadatu and
xpE5z7cMVey-00042-00012347-00012571 pandit losing 8 barren guys to each of
xpE5z7cMVey-00043-00012572-00012827 the two new towns in 2014 the song GU
xpE5z7cMVey-00044-00012828-00013037 Niang Panlalawigan of maguindanao passed
xpE5z7cMVey-00045-00013038-00013216 a resolution naming Balu in the new
xpE5z7cMVey-00046-00013218-00013460 capital of maguindanao pending the
xpE5z7cMVey-00047-00013461-00013652 completion of the new capital complex
xpE5z7cMVey-00048-00013653-00013832 the provincial governor s male
xpE5z7cMVey-00049-00013833-00014033 Mangudadatu of velu and native will
xpE5z7cMVey-00050-00014034-00014263 continue to hold office in the town s
xpE5z7cMVey-00051-00014265-00014694 Rajab lion Salah and peace centre
xpE5z7cMVey-00052-00014695-00014930 originally designated as a mere
xpE5z7cMVey-00053-00014931-00015128 satellite office of the provincial
xpE5z7cMVey-00054-00015129-00015350 government when Mangudadatu took office
xpE5z7cMVey-00055-00015351-00015593 in 2010 but since the official
xpE5z7cMVey-00056-00015594-00015808 designation of Balu and his provincial
xpE5z7cMVey-00057-00015809-00016058 capital in 2014 has served as the
xpE5z7cMVey-00058-00016059-00016397 provisional capital building however the
xpE5z7cMVey-00059-00016398-00016601 legislative branch of provincial
xpE5z7cMVey-00060-00016602-00016802 government the Sangguniang Panlalawigan
xpE5z7cMVey-00061-00016803-00017036 of maguindanao continues to hold
xpE5z7cMVey-00062-00017037-00017269 sessions in the refurbished buildings of
xpE5z7cMVey-00063-00017270-00017546 the old provincial capital insame Sultan
xpE5z7cMVey-00064-00017547-00017738 Kudarat by virtue of Sangguniang
xpE5z7cMVey-00065-00017739-00018094 Panlalawigan resolution number 78 dated
xpE5z7cMVey-00066-00018095-00018479 May 3rd 2011 the old provincial capital
xpE5z7cMVey-00067-00018480-00018694 complex built next to the previous
xpE5z7cMVey-00068-00018695-00018836 governor
xpE5z7cMVey-00069-00018837-00019121 s properties in sharifa guac are planned
xpE5z7cMVey-00070-00019122-00019696 to be converted for public school use
xpE5z7cMVey-00071-00019697-00020112 demographics
xpE5z7cMVey-00072-00020113-00020518 references
xpE5z7cMVey-00073-00020519-00021056 external links philippine standard
xpE5z7cMVey-00074-00021057-00021491 geographic code philippine census
xpE5z7cMVey-00075-00021492-00021872 information local governance performance
xpE5z7cMVey-00076-00021873-00022208 management system
xP54Nsj5JMg-00000-00000008-00001759 you
xP54Nsj5JMg-00001-00001760-00002612 official I prefer a shared thanks for
xP54Nsj5JMg-00002-00002613-00003006 setting this interval we know that we
xP54Nsj5JMg-00003-00003007-00003311 are heading towards real plus 20 now
xP54Nsj5JMg-00004-00003312-00003690 Brazil's a very important conference of
xP54Nsj5JMg-00005-00003690-00004088 the united nations what's the role of
xP54Nsj5JMg-00006-00004089-00004643 the labor movement in proposing and
xP54Nsj5JMg-00007-00004644-00004971 giving an answer to a better future for
xP54Nsj5JMg-00008-00004972-00005385 people what's the plan for the label we
xP54Nsj5JMg-00009-00005386-00005676 know that the world must transition to a
xP54Nsj5JMg-00010-00005677-00005904 greener economy we know that there are
xP54Nsj5JMg-00011-00005905-00006168 no jobs on a dead planet and that our
xP54Nsj5JMg-00012-00006169-00006359 legacy to our children and grandchildren
xP54Nsj5JMg-00013-00006360-00006695 must be a healthy planet it must be a
xP54Nsj5JMg-00014-00006696-00006951 different kind of economy a green
xP54Nsj5JMg-00015-00006952-00007148 economy must have principles of
xP54Nsj5JMg-00016-00007150-00007392 inclusion where people have the dignity
xP54Nsj5JMg-00017-00007393-00007728 of decent work where the technology is
xP54Nsj5JMg-00018-00007729-00007998 as green as we can make it where growth
xP54Nsj5JMg-00019-00007998-00008228 is more equitable so that the developing
xP54Nsj5JMg-00020-00008229-00008495 and emerging economies have a chance to
xP54Nsj5JMg-00021-00008496-00008681 catch up that their people can improve
xP54Nsj5JMg-00022-00008682-00008939 their living standards but we know we
xP54Nsj5JMg-00023-00008940-00009234 can do that on a sustainable basis so
xP54Nsj5JMg-00024-00009235-00009726 our report green jobs actually shows
xP54Nsj5JMg-00025-00009727-00010076 that with 2% investment each year for
xP54Nsj5JMg-00026-00010077-00010460 five years then we can have almost 48
xP54Nsj5JMg-00027-00010461-00010792 million new jobs in just 12 countries
xP54Nsj5JMg-00028-00010793-00011038 Brazil is one of those countries and
xP54Nsj5JMg-00029-00011039-00011330 indeed that level of investment in
xP54Nsj5JMg-00030-00011331-00011705 sustainable development in transport in
xP54Nsj5JMg-00031-00011706-00011873 construction in energy and in
xP54Nsj5JMg-00032-00011874-00012196 agriculture can see 11 million new jobs
xP54Nsj5JMg-00033-00012197-00012512 that's real optimism but it's about
xP54Nsj5JMg-00034-00012513-00012849 building the future so when we go to Rio
xP54Nsj5JMg-00035-00012850-00013236 we're looking for green jobs we're
xP54Nsj5JMg-00036-00013237-00013512 looking for social protection the social
xP54Nsj5JMg-00037-00013513-00013691 protection floor that means everybody
xP54Nsj5JMg-00038-00013693-00014043 has that basic support both in
xP54Nsj5JMg-00039-00014044-00014304 transitioning to a green economy but in
xP54Nsj5JMg-00040-00014305-00014591 terms of our were societies generally
xP54Nsj5JMg-00041-00014591-00014843 and of course we want the bankers to pay
xP54Nsj5JMg-00042-00014844-00015043 we want a financial transactions tax
xP54Nsj5JMg-00043-00015044-00015401 where they pay just a small amount to
xP54Nsj5JMg-00044-00015402-00015590 not just repair the damage they've done
xP54Nsj5JMg-00045-00015591-00015785 with the greed of the current financial
xP54Nsj5JMg-00046-00015786-00016046 sector but indeed to contribute to
xP54Nsj5JMg-00047-00016047-00016291 sustainable development and of course we
xP54Nsj5JMg-00048-00016293-00016555 want food and energy security so for us
xP54Nsj5JMg-00049-00016556-00016913 a green economy is not the model of
xP54Nsj5JMg-00050-00016914-00017180 capitalism we have now a green economy
xP54Nsj5JMg-00051-00017181-00017411 is about sustainability it's about
xP54Nsj5JMg-00052-00017412-00017774 inclusion it's about decent work and the
xP54Nsj5JMg-00053-00017775-00018091 dignity of a more equitable society
xP54Nsj5JMg-00054-00018092-00018314 could you go a little further on the
xP54Nsj5JMg-00055-00018315-00018557 report the OTC because that's this
xP54Nsj5JMg-00056-00018558-00018791 impression that the transition to a
xP54Nsj5JMg-00057-00018792-00019037 green economy will actually mean that
xP54Nsj5JMg-00058-00019038-00019409 workers will lose their jobs if you look
xP54Nsj5JMg-00059-00019410-00019850 at the demand in our economy you have to
xP54Nsj5JMg-00060-00019851-00020188 provide fifty percent more food by 2050
xP54Nsj5JMg-00061-00020189-00020465 forty five percent more energy and
xP54Nsj5JMg-00062-00020466-00020780 thirty percent more water there are
xP54Nsj5JMg-00063-00020781-00021047 incredible opportunities there for
xP54Nsj5JMg-00064-00021048-00021290 economies like Brazil where you have
xP54Nsj5JMg-00065-00021291-00021605 such a rich agricultural base where you
xP54Nsj5JMg-00066-00021606-00021880 have actually looked to preserve the
xP54Nsj5JMg-00067-00021881-00022153 forestation where you've looked at the
xP54Nsj5JMg-00068-00022154-00022424 water conservation questions these are
xP54Nsj5JMg-00069-00022425-00022681 areas where we can create jobs new jobs
xP54Nsj5JMg-00070-00022682-00022916 that meet the demands of the planet
xP54Nsj5JMg-00071-00022917-00023272 that's the same in every country if we
xP54Nsj5JMg-00072-00023273-00023555 don't do these things then we don't meet
xP54Nsj5JMg-00073-00023556-00023744 those challenges or people will starve
xP54Nsj5JMg-00074-00023745-00024019 there will not be enough energy and of
xP54Nsj5JMg-00075-00024020-00024305 course without water none of us can
xP54Nsj5JMg-00076-00024306-00024634 survive if we meet those demands and we
xP54Nsj5JMg-00077-00024635-00024847 have a sustainable planet then the
xP54Nsj5JMg-00078-00024848-00025103 legacy we hand on is a very rich one to
xP54Nsj5JMg-00079-00025104-00025340 our children and grandchildren there
xP54Nsj5JMg-00080-00025341-00025661 will be transitioning jobs but what we
xP54Nsj5JMg-00081-00025662-00025958 tried to do with our green jobs report
xP54Nsj5JMg-00082-00025958-00026333 was to actually show that in traditional
xP54Nsj5JMg-00083-00026333-00026630 areas not some new fantasy areas but in
xP54Nsj5JMg-00084-00026631-00026831 traditional areas like transport
xP54Nsj5JMg-00085-00026832-00027137 construction manufacturing water
xP54Nsj5JMg-00086-00027138-00027490 agriculture forestry these areas
xP54Nsj5JMg-00087-00027491-00027781 actually need to become greener
xP54Nsj5JMg-00088-00027782-00028036 and that transition can provide both
xP54Nsj5JMg-00089-00028037-00028305 things both jobs that exist now
xP54Nsj5JMg-00090-00028306-00028537 transitioning to a greener economy and
xP54Nsj5JMg-00091-00028538-00028843 new jobs as we increase investment to
xP54Nsj5JMg-00092-00028844-00029070 meet that increasing demand for energy
xP54Nsj5JMg-00093-00029072-00029452 water and food this is the future you
xP54Nsj5JMg-00094-00029452-00029695 don't want to have people sitting for
xP54Nsj5JMg-00095-00029695-00029989 hours in commuting around Sao Paulo if
xP54Nsj5JMg-00096-00029989-00030313 you have a rapid mass green transport
xP54Nsj5JMg-00097-00030314-00030567 system then you get more productivity
xP54Nsj5JMg-00098-00030568-00030841 people's lives are enriched and there
xP54Nsj5JMg-00099-00030842-00031063 are more jobs right through the supply
xP54Nsj5JMg-00100-00031064-00031389 chains including the service itself so
xP54Nsj5JMg-00101-00031391-00031612 we want to engage with governments in
xP54Nsj5JMg-00102-00031613-00031822 the construction of a greener economy
xP54Nsj5JMg-00103-00031823-00032083 that supports workers through the
xP54Nsj5JMg-00104-00032083-00032352 transition but builds those new jobs
xP54Nsj5JMg-00105-00032354-00032620 additional jobs that mean that we've got
xP54Nsj5JMg-00106-00032620-00032878 a better chance of the dignity of decent
xP54Nsj5JMg-00107-00032879-00033346 work for everybody the final question is
xP54Nsj5JMg-00108-00033347-00033525 about a we are here in the to curb
xP54Nsj5JMg-00109-00033526-00033838 Congress which represents the whole
xP54Nsj5JMg-00110-00033839-00034225 region so lost importance of the
xP54Nsj5JMg-00111-00034226-00034522 Americas in searching for these answers
xP54Nsj5JMg-00112-00034523-00034810 in particular Brazil that will host the
xP54Nsj5JMg-00113-00034811-00035140 next real fast 20 conference the
xP54Nsj5JMg-00114-00035141-00035371 importance of the Americas is absolutely
xP54Nsj5JMg-00115-00035372-00035794 critical for South America an incredible
xP54Nsj5JMg-00116-00035795-00036136 dynamism in terms of global growth the
xP54Nsj5JMg-00117-00036137-00036319 opportunities are endless for
xP54Nsj5JMg-00118-00036320-00036580 development for social inclusion for
xP54Nsj5JMg-00119-00036581-00036784 those jobs that give people the dignity
xP54Nsj5JMg-00120-00036785-00037051 that we know comes with labor with
xP54Nsj5JMg-00121-00037052-00037363 decent work but we must make these
xP54Nsj5JMg-00122-00037364-00037654 economies greener economies we must make
xP54Nsj5JMg-00123-00037655-00037825 every economy in the world greener
xP54Nsj5JMg-00124-00037826-00038107 economy so development absolutely we
xP54Nsj5JMg-00125-00038108-00038271 come from the trade union movement and
xP54Nsj5JMg-00126-00038272-00038551 development means jobs we want job
xP54Nsj5JMg-00127-00038552-00038803 centered growth not the jobless growth
xP54Nsj5JMg-00128-00038804-00039046 of the 20th century model of capitalism
xP54Nsj5JMg-00129-00039047-00039424 but the job centered growth to a much
xP54Nsj5JMg-00130-00039425-00039721 greener and more sustainable future that
xP54Nsj5JMg-00131-00039722-00040063 must be built on a 21st century model of
xP54Nsj5JMg-00132-00040064-00040540 development where people matter thank
xP54Nsj5JMg-00133-00040541-00040573 you very
xP54Nsj5JMg-00134-00040574-00040852 off thank you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00000-00000104-00000318 hello good morning leah good morning
xPl2lpw3uYc-00001-00000319-00000495 allison how are you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00002-00000496-00000782 oh you know i'm all right i'm tired i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00003-00000783-00000831 think
xPl2lpw3uYc-00004-00000832-00001166 i think it's allergy stuff for me like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00005-00001167-00001407 yeah i get like stuffy and congestion
xPl2lpw3uYc-00006-00001408-00001519 and i get a headache
xPl2lpw3uYc-00007-00001520-00001687 but a lot of times allergies just kind
xPl2lpw3uYc-00008-00001688-00001895 of make me feel tired and like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00009-00001896-00002199 down like tired and like low energy in a
xPl2lpw3uYc-00010-00002200-00002350 way that makes me feel like oh
xPl2lpw3uYc-00011-00002351-00002534 everything is so hard and that's how i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00012-00002535-00002695 feel today
xPl2lpw3uYc-00013-00002696-00002942 i i very much am feeling you on the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00014-00002943-00003183 allergy front i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00015-00003184-00003495 do you know one and one
xPl2lpw3uYc-00016-00003496-00003654 allergy medicine in the evening one in
xPl2lpw3uYc-00017-00003655-00003838 the morning and hope that that gets me
xPl2lpw3uYc-00018-00003839-00003935 through the day
xPl2lpw3uYc-00019-00003936-00004191 yeah we're gonna season for me spring
xPl2lpw3uYc-00020-00004192-00004359 yeah you know
xPl2lpw3uYc-00021-00004360-00004567 in the fall early fall i also get really
xPl2lpw3uYc-00022-00004568-00004711 bad too but
xPl2lpw3uYc-00023-00004712-00005102 it seems like june is the worst
xPl2lpw3uYc-00024-00005103-00005279 and so we're getting to the end of may
xPl2lpw3uYc-00025-00005280-00005422 and so i think it's kind of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00026-00005423-00005654 also it starts to get hot out which this
xPl2lpw3uYc-00027-00005655-00005831 week started to be warm
xPl2lpw3uYc-00028-00005832-00006143 which kind of also saps my my strength
xPl2lpw3uYc-00029-00006144-00006343 across the board
xPl2lpw3uYc-00030-00006344-00006614 i actually i posted this on facebook so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00031-00006615-00006695 you may have seen
xPl2lpw3uYc-00032-00006695-00007014 it but um i did this children's book i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00033-00007015-00007055 was
xPl2lpw3uYc-00034-00007056-00007191 cataloging this children's book about
xPl2lpw3uYc-00035-00007192-00007351 something called estivation and it was
xPl2lpw3uYc-00036-00007352-00007495 like is it hibernation no it's
xPl2lpw3uYc-00037-00007495-00007583 estivation
xPl2lpw3uYc-00038-00007584-00007878 which is where animals implants um like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00039-00007879-00008110 do a sort of hibernation a torpor
xPl2lpw3uYc-00040-00008111-00008359 in the summertime because it's too hot
xPl2lpw3uYc-00041-00008360-00008487 and their bodies can't function well
xPl2lpw3uYc-00042-00008488-00008607 when it's hot and granted
xPl2lpw3uYc-00043-00008608-00008903 many of the animals disgust were like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00044-00008904-00009023 snails
xPl2lpw3uYc-00045-00009024-00009287 and fish and things that are more like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00046-00009288-00009391 reptilian
xPl2lpw3uYc-00047-00009392-00009614 or like they have a harder time
xPl2lpw3uYc-00048-00009615-00009751 controlling their body
xPl2lpw3uYc-00049-00009752-00009983 temperature because they're not mammals
xPl2lpw3uYc-00050-00009984-00010174 but good morning
xPl2lpw3uYc-00051-00010175-00010406 but there was also an african hedgehog
xPl2lpw3uYc-00052-00010407-00010559 on the list that was very cute
xPl2lpw3uYc-00053-00010560-00010759 and apparently they can also for like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00054-00010760-00010910 six weeks at a time or so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00055-00010911-00011238 just it's just too hot and so i realized
xPl2lpw3uYc-00056-00011239-00011351 that that's just
xPl2lpw3uYc-00057-00011352-00011670 me it's not i'm not grumpy
xPl2lpw3uYc-00058-00011671-00011999 and i'm not you know i don't i just it's
xPl2lpw3uYc-00059-00012000-00012087 biological
xPl2lpw3uYc-00060-00012088-00012263 it's too hot for me to function so i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00061-00012264-00012406 close
xPl2lpw3uYc-00062-00012407-00012599 when i lay on my couch and i watch tv or
xPl2lpw3uYc-00063-00012600-00012735 i read a book and that's how i get
xPl2lpw3uYc-00064-00012736-00013022 through the summer
xPl2lpw3uYc-00065-00013023-00013199 like this week has gotten so much warmer
xPl2lpw3uYc-00066-00013200-00013351 and it kind of really does make me feel
xPl2lpw3uYc-00067-00013352-00013415 like oh
xPl2lpw3uYc-00068-00013416-00013583 it feels like it takes more energy to do
xPl2lpw3uYc-00069-00013584-00013751 things when when it gets warm out and i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00070-00013752-00013919 just don't feel that way in the winter
xPl2lpw3uYc-00071-00013919-00013958 time
xPl2lpw3uYc-00072-00013959-00014327 the way it works i i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00073-00014328-00014447 feel that we don't want our time like i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00074-00014447-00014638 want to snuggle up and hibernate
xPl2lpw3uYc-00075-00014640-00015015 yes but yeah i i can see where
xPl2lpw3uYc-00076-00015016-00015303 yeah it's just like the summer so and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00077-00015304-00015375 like i don't have an
xPl2lpw3uYc-00078-00015376-00015655 appetite because it's like so warm out
xPl2lpw3uYc-00079-00015656-00015719 and stuff
xPl2lpw3uYc-00080-00015719-00016086 but i also want to continue to eat
xPl2lpw3uYc-00081-00016087-00016294 i have the appetite i don't have the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00082-00016295-00016486 appetite but i have all the food still
xPl2lpw3uYc-00083-00016487-00016719 so um but i don't feel like going
xPl2lpw3uYc-00084-00016720-00017111 outside because it's just so humid
xPl2lpw3uYc-00085-00017112-00017279 a downer it's summer hasn't even
xPl2lpw3uYc-00086-00017280-00017415 officially begun yet but i feel like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00087-00017416-00017599 this week has begun to usher it in
xPl2lpw3uYc-00088-00017600-00017719 and i'm beginning to feel it i'm
xPl2lpw3uYc-00089-00017720-00017975 beginning to uh know i'm going to shut
xPl2lpw3uYc-00090-00017976-00018127 down soon memorial day weekend is
xPl2lpw3uYc-00091-00018128-00018271 usually very hot
xPl2lpw3uYc-00092-00018272-00018591 and i mean like this is this is the time
xPl2lpw3uYc-00093-00018592-00018775 let's close up the windows close up the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00094-00018776-00018983 doors
xPl2lpw3uYc-00095-00018984-00019150 here air conditioning from here on out
xPl2lpw3uYc-00096-00019151-00019399 right yes fill in for my long summer's
xPl2lpw3uYc-00097-00019400-00019447 nap
xPl2lpw3uYc-00098-00019448-00019663 good morning everybody also chris says
xPl2lpw3uYc-00099-00019664-00019758 that flonase
xPl2lpw3uYc-00100-00019759-00020022 uh is a great friend for allergies and i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00101-00020023-00020103 also
xPl2lpw3uYc-00102-00020104-00020430 do use that too for sure especially yeah
xPl2lpw3uYc-00103-00020431-00020686 for the runny nose and congestion part
xPl2lpw3uYc-00104-00020687-00020886 i've not found a good
xPl2lpw3uYc-00105-00020887-00021278 thing to make me less less tired um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00106-00021279-00021471 even even out i mean i know some allergy
xPl2lpw3uYc-00107-00021472-00021622 medication can make you drowsy and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00108-00021623-00021767 that's not what i'm taking it just
xPl2lpw3uYc-00109-00021768-00022375 i can't seem to get the stamina back
xPl2lpw3uYc-00110-00022376-00022703 yeah yeah i i'm feeling y'all
xPl2lpw3uYc-00111-00022704-00023055 same same way very same way
xPl2lpw3uYc-00112-00023056-00023391 but we'll get through it i know
xPl2lpw3uYc-00113-00023392-00023807 i know yeah and that's part of why i do
xPl2lpw3uYc-00114-00023808-00023999 or why i like my garden so much is
xPl2lpw3uYc-00115-00024000-00024199 because the garden
xPl2lpw3uYc-00116-00024200-00024375 it wants weather like this so even
xPl2lpw3uYc-00117-00024376-00024599 though i'm like struggling
xPl2lpw3uYc-00118-00024600-00024935 outside hopefully i think are
xPl2lpw3uYc-00119-00024936-00025167 being like yes this is great i'm growing
xPl2lpw3uYc-00120-00025168-00025303 this makes me so happy
xPl2lpw3uYc-00121-00025304-00025478 you know and i can at least like know my
xPl2lpw3uYc-00122-00025479-00025758 tomatoes are
xPl2lpw3uYc-00123-00025760-00026078 my uh salivia plants are doing
xPl2lpw3uYc-00124-00026079-00026246 wonderful i haven't done anything to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00125-00026247-00026383 them i haven't cleared the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00126-00026383-00026711 the leaves out of the flower bed from
xPl2lpw3uYc-00127-00026712-00026887 the fall that got stuck there
xPl2lpw3uYc-00128-00026888-00027062 but they are doing wonderful and the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00129-00027063-00027239 plant that last year i was like this one
xPl2lpw3uYc-00130-00027239-00027470 is just it's dead it didn't take
xPl2lpw3uYc-00131-00027472-00027679 it's doing wonderfully this year i'm so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00132-00027680-00027895 happy for you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00133-00027895-00028199 decided yeah gathered its energy
xPl2lpw3uYc-00134-00028200-00028383 all winter and it's going beautiful now
xPl2lpw3uYc-00135-00028383-00028527 so i've got i'm glad you're
xPl2lpw3uYc-00136-00028527-00028935 in front of my house along with weeds
xPl2lpw3uYc-00137-00028936-00029111 i'm glad to hear that and actually my i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00138-00029112-00029255 planted a salvia
xPl2lpw3uYc-00139-00029256-00029535 last year and it was fine last year it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00140-00029536-00029687 but this year it is so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00141-00029688-00029958 big so i wonder if conditions have been
xPl2lpw3uYc-00142-00029960-00030102 good this spring or something like the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00143-00030103-00030214 exact
xPl2lpw3uYc-00144-00030216-00030383 balance of rain and temperature or
xPl2lpw3uYc-00145-00030383-00030607 something because mine is also
xPl2lpw3uYc-00146-00030608-00030918 very impressive yeah mine look great i'm
xPl2lpw3uYc-00147-00030919-00031031 going to have to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00148-00031032-00031158 i'm going to have to spend some time
xPl2lpw3uYc-00149-00031160-00031446 this weekend i think yeah
xPl2lpw3uYc-00150-00031447-00031631 making the lawn look a little bit better
xPl2lpw3uYc-00151-00031632-00031823 to show them off because right
xPl2lpw3uYc-00152-00031824-00032158 right i love
xPl2lpw3uYc-00153-00032160-00032479 beautiful flowers just especially purple
xPl2lpw3uYc-00154-00032480-00032727 i love purple flowers they're really
xPl2lpw3uYc-00155-00032727-00032927 like striking they really catch your eye
xPl2lpw3uYc-00156-00032928-00033174 because they're so i don't know vibrant
xPl2lpw3uYc-00157-00033175-00033302 and yeah when you have something like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00158-00033303-00033407 that that looks nice
xPl2lpw3uYc-00159-00033408-00033527 in your yard that's like more
xPl2lpw3uYc-00160-00033528-00033718 encouragement like you said to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00161-00033719-00033871 keep up with other stuff because you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00162-00033872-00034023 have something growing and you want it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00163-00034024-00034102 to like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00164-00034103-00034367 look good i want to show it off i wanted
xPl2lpw3uYc-00165-00034368-00034446 i wanted to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00166-00034447-00034774 show itself off that's exactly because i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00167-00034775-00034935 had nothing to do with it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00168-00034936-00035111 i know i know that's one of the cool
xPl2lpw3uYc-00169-00035112-00035246 things about gardening too
xPl2lpw3uYc-00170-00035247-00035446 is i mean yeah you got to try to take
xPl2lpw3uYc-00171-00035447-00035590 care of the stuff you got to put it in
xPl2lpw3uYc-00172-00035591-00035751 make sure it's in the conditions it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00173-00035752-00035967 needs and you know you do need to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00174-00035968-00036167 care for it in some regard depending on
xPl2lpw3uYc-00175-00036168-00036295 more or less depending on the type of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00176-00036296-00036343 planet
xPl2lpw3uYc-00177-00036344-00036495 but then it just does its thing that's
xPl2lpw3uYc-00178-00036496-00036671 what it was made to do which is bloomed
xPl2lpw3uYc-00179-00036672-00036751 beautifully
xPl2lpw3uYc-00180-00036752-00036999 so it doesn't i don't have to worry
xPl2lpw3uYc-00181-00037000-00037055 about it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00182-00037056-00037359 yeah it just takes care of itself
xPl2lpw3uYc-00183-00037360-00037711 so anyway long long way around i'm fine
xPl2lpw3uYc-00184-00037712-00038023 today how are you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00185-00038024-00038471 glad we finally got there
xPl2lpw3uYc-00186-00038472-00038823 oh well it's just going to be one of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00187-00038824-00038943 those days
xPl2lpw3uYc-00188-00038944-00039183 but yeah yesterday was a little bit of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00189-00039184-00039271 one of those days
xPl2lpw3uYc-00190-00039272-00039615 too um this is i no one needs to know
xPl2lpw3uYc-00191-00039616-00039727 this but i was sitting at my desk
xPl2lpw3uYc-00192-00039728-00039918 drinking coffee
xPl2lpw3uYc-00193-00039919-00040071 what i do i do my work and i drink
xPl2lpw3uYc-00194-00040072-00040327 coffee um and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00195-00040328-00040495 i don't know what happened it's like i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00196-00040496-00040735 forgot how to consume a beverage for a
xPl2lpw3uYc-00197-00040736-00040902 moment all you got to do is pour it in
xPl2lpw3uYc-00198-00040903-00041079 your mouth close your lips and swallow
xPl2lpw3uYc-00199-00041080-00041199 and i must have done something in the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00200-00041200-00041383 wrong order because it just all went
xPl2lpw3uYc-00201-00041384-00041607 down onto my desk
xPl2lpw3uYc-00202-00041608-00041887 and i was like what where did this you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00203-00041888-00042030 know
xPl2lpw3uYc-00204-00042031-00042223 and uh i was like so this is this is how
xPl2lpw3uYc-00205-00042224-00042351 it's gonna be today then huh because
xPl2lpw3uYc-00206-00042352-00042471 that was like early on
xPl2lpw3uYc-00207-00042472-00042718 and yes i almost spilled beverages so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00208-00042719-00042887 many times and i try to be very careful
xPl2lpw3uYc-00209-00042888-00042967 because i do
xPl2lpw3uYc-00210-00042968-00043118 i have library materials in there so i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00211-00043119-00043327 try not to ever be doing it over
xPl2lpw3uYc-00212-00043328-00043558 things but um and i didn't you know it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00213-00043559-00043718 was fine but i'm trying to try not to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00214-00043719-00043839 ruin my keyboard
xPl2lpw3uYc-00215-00043840-00044062 um but we gotta we're gonna have our
xPl2lpw3uYc-00216-00044063-00044167 coffee
xPl2lpw3uYc-00217-00044168-00044502 right now and even though i take travel
xPl2lpw3uYc-00218-00044503-00044711 mugs to work i hate drinking out of the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00219-00044712-00045102 travel mug so i will take the top online
xPl2lpw3uYc-00220-00045103-00045543 and then spill it yes
xPl2lpw3uYc-00221-00045544-00045767 the plastic lid like there's just
xPl2lpw3uYc-00222-00045768-00045902 something about that
xPl2lpw3uYc-00223-00045903-00046287 i don't know great mug
xPl2lpw3uYc-00224-00046288-00046446 take unscrew the lid and then i drink
xPl2lpw3uYc-00225-00046447-00046671 out of it like it's a regular cup
xPl2lpw3uYc-00226-00046672-00046927 and then that is how things get spilled
xPl2lpw3uYc-00227-00046928-00047095 and then also that's how because i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00228-00047096-00047279 take the lid off there's always a coffee
xPl2lpw3uYc-00229-00047280-00047551 ring from the lid
xPl2lpw3uYc-00230-00047552-00047702 do you know how many tissues i go
xPl2lpw3uYc-00231-00047703-00047895 through a week just putting them down to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00232-00047896-00047990 put my lid on
xPl2lpw3uYc-00233-00047991-00048279 so that they get i know i know i have
xPl2lpw3uYc-00234-00048280-00048358 coasters
xPl2lpw3uYc-00235-00048359-00048574 that i sometimes use i have paper towels
xPl2lpw3uYc-00236-00048575-00048735 sometimes
xPl2lpw3uYc-00237-00048736-00048902 sometimes a piece of paper i'm no longer
xPl2lpw3uYc-00238-00048903-00049083 using anymore
xPl2lpw3uYc-00239-00049084-00049343 so yeah and it's not it's not unusual
xPl2lpw3uYc-00240-00049344-00049527 for some i try to keep things i need
xPl2lpw3uYc-00241-00049528-00049702 nice of course but it's not unusual for
xPl2lpw3uYc-00242-00049703-00049935 like a note in my office to have a
xPl2lpw3uYc-00243-00049936-00050102 coffee ring on it but i feel like that's
xPl2lpw3uYc-00244-00050103-00050183 just
xPl2lpw3uYc-00245-00050184-00050415 that's just then you know it's a genuine
xPl2lpw3uYc-00246-00050416-00050567 note from allison
xPl2lpw3uYc-00247-00050568-00050879 and you'll treasure it that much more
xPl2lpw3uYc-00248-00050880-00051230 and i think uh to not to call her out on
xPl2lpw3uYc-00249-00051232-00051414 here but my predecessor and my job
xPl2lpw3uYc-00250-00051415-00051487 samantha
xPl2lpw3uYc-00251-00051488-00051663 i think that was also a calling card
xPl2lpw3uYc-00252-00051664-00051887 from her as well because
xPl2lpw3uYc-00253-00051888-00052142 having like coffee rings and things on
xPl2lpw3uYc-00254-00052144-00052238 things um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00255-00052239-00052366 because every now and then i would go
xPl2lpw3uYc-00256-00052367-00052542 through my old like i'd go through her
xPl2lpw3uYc-00257-00052544-00052679 stuff like old notes and everything
xPl2lpw3uYc-00258-00052679-00052815 how do i do this and they'd be like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00259-00052816-00052982 little bits of you know coffee
xPl2lpw3uYc-00260-00052983-00053150 coffee ring and so i just i feel like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00261-00053151-00053511 it's it's part of the job
xPl2lpw3uYc-00262-00053512-00053815 um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00263-00053816-00053959 melanie says she's tried to eat and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00264-00053960-00054166 drink with her mask on many times
xPl2lpw3uYc-00265-00054167-00054479 i've done that as well um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00266-00054479-00054647 the other day i tried to drink something
xPl2lpw3uYc-00267-00054648-00054854 ridiculous it was
xPl2lpw3uYc-00268-00054855-00055094 i grabbed the wrong i had like my drink
xPl2lpw3uYc-00269-00055095-00055271 and something else sitting on the car
xPl2lpw3uYc-00270-00055272-00055447 it was ketchup i tripped up the bottle
xPl2lpw3uYc-00271-00055448-00055703 of ketchup and i was like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00272-00055704-00056047 this is not my hair
xPl2lpw3uYc-00273-00056048-00056487 oh my gosh audrey pointed out that like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00274-00056488-00056623 there was also i have to breathe
xPl2lpw3uYc-00275-00056624-00056775 involved in my drinking so not only do i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00276-00056776-00056926 have to put the liquid in my mouth
xPl2lpw3uYc-00277-00056927-00057175 close my lips and swallow i also had to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00278-00057176-00057335 breathe in there and i had to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00279-00057336-00057471 you know lift off the mask so that's
xPl2lpw3uYc-00280-00057472-00057742 like five things it's very tricky
xPl2lpw3uYc-00281-00057744-00057991 it is and it's something you do without
xPl2lpw3uYc-00282-00057991-00058047 thinking
xPl2lpw3uYc-00283-00058048-00058407 so it's very easy to mess it up because
xPl2lpw3uYc-00284-00058408-00058607 you're not thinking
xPl2lpw3uYc-00285-00058608-00058799 so especially when it's been kind of a
xPl2lpw3uYc-00286-00058800-00059015 week and that has been that kind of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00287-00059016-00059319 yeah i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00288-00059320-00059638 have to say i like i like your shirt i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00289-00059639-00059838 can't see it very well today this is my
xPl2lpw3uYc-00290-00059839-00060063 summer reading summer reading t-shirt
xPl2lpw3uYc-00291-00060064-00060175 it's uh this
xPl2lpw3uYc-00292-00060176-00060454 turtle with a rabbit both reading books
xPl2lpw3uYc-00293-00060455-00060615 turtle has eye glasses
xPl2lpw3uYc-00294-00060616-00060942 a whale with a book because yeah tails
xPl2lpw3uYc-00295-00060944-00061030 and tails
xPl2lpw3uYc-00296-00061032-00061311 he also tells her reading theme this
xPl2lpw3uYc-00297-00061312-00061415 year
xPl2lpw3uYc-00298-00061416-00061630 all about animals so that's going to be
xPl2lpw3uYc-00299-00061632-00061879 very exciting animals just are so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00300-00061879-00062119 easy to get excited about so it just
xPl2lpw3uYc-00301-00062120-00062279 makes that the summer reading thing that
xPl2lpw3uYc-00302-00062279-00062430 much more exciting i think
xPl2lpw3uYc-00303-00062432-00062582 i'm like i'm sure we're working with
xPl2lpw3uYc-00304-00062583-00062911 sports yeah like i'm like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00305-00062912-00063479 the sport
xPl2lpw3uYc-00306-00063479-00063830 yeah and so yes
xPl2lpw3uYc-00307-00063832-00064166 everyone can love animals so it's it's
xPl2lpw3uYc-00308-00064167-00064342 i'm looking forward to summer reading
xPl2lpw3uYc-00309-00064344-00064559 this year it's going to be
xPl2lpw3uYc-00310-00064560-00064863 very different from last year but very
xPl2lpw3uYc-00311-00064864-00065054 different from
xPl2lpw3uYc-00312-00065055-00065438 previous years um we're still
xPl2lpw3uYc-00313-00065439-00065631 we're still having story time for all
xPl2lpw3uYc-00314-00065632-00065750 ages
xPl2lpw3uYc-00315-00065751-00066159 and um there are going to be
xPl2lpw3uYc-00316-00066160-00066303 opportunities to do
xPl2lpw3uYc-00317-00066304-00066575 things but it's not going to be the same
xPl2lpw3uYc-00318-00066576-00066711 as years past
xPl2lpw3uYc-00319-00066712-00067063 um just because you know with
xPl2lpw3uYc-00320-00067064-00067215 the state of things the way they are
xPl2lpw3uYc-00321-00067216-00067406 with the pandemic it's not quite
xPl2lpw3uYc-00322-00067407-00067750 safe to get back to normal yet
xPl2lpw3uYc-00323-00067751-00068055 um we will be doing story times at all
xPl2lpw3uYc-00324-00068056-00068175 the locations but
xPl2lpw3uYc-00325-00068176-00068550 outside you have got a wonderful place
xPl2lpw3uYc-00326-00068551-00068638 to do them
xPl2lpw3uYc-00327-00068639-00068806 there at northwest with your garden and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00328-00068807-00069047 your gazebo
xPl2lpw3uYc-00329-00069048-00069279 has a gazebo also the other branches
xPl2lpw3uYc-00330-00069280-00069447 have some outside space where they can
xPl2lpw3uYc-00331-00069448-00069479 have
xPl2lpw3uYc-00332-00069480-00069791 story time at maine
xPl2lpw3uYc-00333-00069792-00070023 there's no outside space that's
xPl2lpw3uYc-00334-00070024-00070247 conducive to story time
xPl2lpw3uYc-00335-00070248-00070479 so what we're going to do is once a week
xPl2lpw3uYc-00336-00070480-00070735 on mondays weather permitting of course
xPl2lpw3uYc-00337-00070736-00070982 um we're going to have story time at
xPl2lpw3uYc-00338-00070983-00071111 rising park
xPl2lpw3uYc-00339-00071112-00071382 we got permission to to have our story
xPl2lpw3uYc-00340-00071383-00071623 times there so we'll be doing them there
xPl2lpw3uYc-00341-00071624-00071903 um at rising park and those story times
xPl2lpw3uYc-00342-00071904-00071943 are
xPl2lpw3uYc-00343-00071944-00072294 six ages six and under um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00344-00072295-00072615 they're also we'll be doing um zoom
xPl2lpw3uYc-00345-00072616-00072882 story times
xPl2lpw3uYc-00346-00072883-00073191 for ages six and under
xPl2lpw3uYc-00347-00073192-00073415 and if you you need to call and register
xPl2lpw3uYc-00348-00073416-00073519 for those so they can
xPl2lpw3uYc-00349-00073520-00073831 um or you can sign up for them online
xPl2lpw3uYc-00350-00073832-00074150 yeah but you need to link to the zoom
xPl2lpw3uYc-00351-00074151-00074231 program
xPl2lpw3uYc-00352-00074232-00074367 and give you the password to get in
xPl2lpw3uYc-00353-00074368-00074687 because they don't want to just make it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00354-00074688-00074975 avail available out there everywhere
xPl2lpw3uYc-00355-00074976-00075055 just because
xPl2lpw3uYc-00356-00075056-00075255 you know no one's goofing around and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00357-00075256-00075391 does anything silly
xPl2lpw3uYc-00358-00075392-00075815 you're also going to be doing some um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00359-00075816-00076167 programs for kids ages 6 to 12
xPl2lpw3uYc-00360-00076168-00076471 on zoom they're going to be doing and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00361-00076472-00076543 facebook
xPl2lpw3uYc-00362-00076544-00076855 and no
xPl2lpw3uYc-00363-00076856-00077231 not on zoom on facebook they're gonna be
xPl2lpw3uYc-00364-00077232-00077262 doing
xPl2lpw3uYc-00365-00077263-00077526 those ones on facebook for ages six to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00366-00077527-00077726 twelve different kind of programs
xPl2lpw3uYc-00367-00077727-00078062 and audrey will fill you in on the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00368-00078063-00078159 details
xPl2lpw3uYc-00369-00078160-00078359 comments she'll definitely give us any
xPl2lpw3uYc-00370-00078360-00078575 and correct us if we say something wrong
xPl2lpw3uYc-00371-00078576-00078638 please
xPl2lpw3uYc-00372-00078639-00078919 you're gonna be doing like art projects
xPl2lpw3uYc-00373-00078920-00079062 you can get pick up the grab bag with
xPl2lpw3uYc-00374-00079063-00079303 the art supplies at the branch and then
xPl2lpw3uYc-00375-00079304-00079615 um tune in on facebook or check
xPl2lpw3uYc-00376-00079616-00079855 out the video on youtube to do the craft
xPl2lpw3uYc-00377-00079856-00079943 together
xPl2lpw3uYc-00378-00079944-00080271 um so that'll be that'll be fun and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00379-00080272-00080575 the kids are having a pet show and tell
xPl2lpw3uYc-00380-00080576-00080606 on
xPl2lpw3uYc-00381-00080607-00081031 zoom on june 2nd and on june 5th
xPl2lpw3uYc-00382-00081032-00081206 so one of those two days they get to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00383-00081207-00081415 sign up for it that's for 12 and under
xPl2lpw3uYc-00384-00081416-00081679 um you can get on there and show off
xPl2lpw3uYc-00385-00081680-00081838 your pet on zoom
xPl2lpw3uYc-00386-00081839-00082094 um my pet right now i believe is hiding
xPl2lpw3uYc-00387-00082095-00082191 under my chair
xPl2lpw3uYc-00388-00082192-00082343 he doesn't want to i've shown off your
xPl2lpw3uYc-00389-00082344-00082606 pet on our show before
xPl2lpw3uYc-00390-00082607-00082782 yeah he showed up last week that he does
xPl2lpw3uYc-00391-00082783-00082918 not usually
xPl2lpw3uYc-00392-00082919-00083287 like when i do the the computer talking
xPl2lpw3uYc-00393-00083288-00083559 thing i don't know the computer talking
xPl2lpw3uYc-00394-00083560-00083662 thing
xPl2lpw3uYc-00395-00083663-00083975 this isn't zoom but it's like that does
xPl2lpw3uYc-00396-00083976-00084182 not like it i don't know if it sounds
xPl2lpw3uYc-00397-00084183-00084359 funny to him or something
xPl2lpw3uYc-00398-00084360-00084638 um he showed up last week but i'm pretty
xPl2lpw3uYc-00399-00084639-00084767 sure that's because he needed to go to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00400-00084768-00084862 the bathroom
xPl2lpw3uYc-00401-00084863-00085182 he's trying to get my attention but
xPl2lpw3uYc-00402-00085183-00085526 um but yeah so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00403-00085527-00085743 are going to be lots of opportunities to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00404-00085744-00085862 do things
xPl2lpw3uYc-00405-00085863-00086087 um for teens we're going to have some um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00406-00086088-00086303 like craft grab bags
xPl2lpw3uYc-00407-00086304-00086455 throughout the summer that they can grab
xPl2lpw3uYc-00408-00086456-00086615 and take and we'll have
xPl2lpw3uYc-00409-00086616-00086926 um some of them will just include
xPl2lpw3uYc-00410-00086927-00087015 instructions some
xPl2lpw3uYc-00411-00087016-00087135 of them i think are going to have some
xPl2lpw3uYc-00412-00087136-00087271 videos that we post it's going to be
xPl2lpw3uYc-00413-00087272-00087423 different for different items
xPl2lpw3uYc-00414-00087424-00087662 um i know we're going to have a plant
xPl2lpw3uYc-00415-00087663-00087743 swap
xPl2lpw3uYc-00416-00087744-00087887 we're going to do that at the northwest
xPl2lpw3uYc-00417-00087888-00088006 bridge because you've got a great
xPl2lpw3uYc-00418-00088007-00088118 outside space
xPl2lpw3uYc-00419-00088119-00088535 we're doing that on thursday june 10th
xPl2lpw3uYc-00420-00088536-00088903 um and we're going to be doing a
xPl2lpw3uYc-00421-00088904-00089271 burning 101 type zoom program
xPl2lpw3uYc-00422-00089272-00089462 for adults as well teens and adults
xPl2lpw3uYc-00423-00089463-00089655 anyone who's interested in burning
xPl2lpw3uYc-00424-00089656-00089815 kids who are interested in burning we
xPl2lpw3uYc-00425-00089816-00089999 can do that we're going to be doing that
xPl2lpw3uYc-00426-00090000-00090199 via zoom so we've got lots of programs
xPl2lpw3uYc-00427-00090200-00090391 planned for the summer it's just
xPl2lpw3uYc-00428-00090392-00090559 it's not going to be like years past
xPl2lpw3uYc-00429-00090560-00090726 we're not going to have
xPl2lpw3uYc-00430-00090727-00090967 big programs on the third floor with
xPl2lpw3uYc-00431-00090968-00091206 everyone crowded in it's just
xPl2lpw3uYc-00432-00091207-00091462 not there yet it's not yeah you know
xPl2lpw3uYc-00433-00091463-00091591 it's not safe yet so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00434-00091592-00091918 yeah i'm gonna play it safe and do story
xPl2lpw3uYc-00435-00091919-00092255 do programs like we have been doing
xPl2lpw3uYc-00436-00092256-00092462 mainly with the online stuff but with a
xPl2lpw3uYc-00437-00092463-00092575 little bit of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00438-00092576-00092887 outside safe stuff thrown in as well
xPl2lpw3uYc-00439-00092888-00093199 yeah even things i'm sorry go ahead i'll
xPl2lpw3uYc-00440-00093200-00093287 just say
xPl2lpw3uYc-00441-00093288-00093623 slowly getting back to in-person
xPl2lpw3uYc-00442-00093624-00093959 type experiences yeah and even as things
xPl2lpw3uYc-00443-00093960-00094015 change
xPl2lpw3uYc-00444-00094016-00094231 things will likely be different in july
xPl2lpw3uYc-00445-00094232-00094350 than they are now
xPl2lpw3uYc-00446-00094351-00094623 but programs take a lot of planning and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00447-00094624-00094823 advertisement as well to let people
xPl2lpw3uYc-00448-00094824-00094871 happen
xPl2lpw3uYc-00449-00094872-00094982 even if we could throw something
xPl2lpw3uYc-00450-00094983-00095174 together in a week which actually you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00451-00095175-00095311 all are talented enough i'm sure you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00452-00095312-00095359 could
xPl2lpw3uYc-00453-00095360-00095535 um you need enough time to advertise it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00454-00095536-00095694 and all that kind of thing so when we're
xPl2lpw3uYc-00455-00095695-00095782 doing
xPl2lpw3uYc-00456-00095783-00095935 planning programs we do it kind of like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00457-00095936-00096182 a quarter at a time and like summer
xPl2lpw3uYc-00458-00096183-00096455 summer reading is a programming time so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00459-00096456-00096623 even if things have changed
xPl2lpw3uYc-00460-00096624-00096774 we can't just suddenly throw something
xPl2lpw3uYc-00461-00096775-00096926 on because there's just it's just not
xPl2lpw3uYc-00462-00096927-00097111 enough time so hopefully we gotta like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00463-00097112-00097167 plan
xPl2lpw3uYc-00464-00097168-00097350 a few months in advance and a few months
xPl2lpw3uYc-00465-00097351-00097479 at a time
xPl2lpw3uYc-00466-00097480-00097791 so yeah we were we started talking about
xPl2lpw3uYc-00467-00097792-00098038 summer reading probably in january is
xPl2lpw3uYc-00468-00098039-00098135 when we
xPl2lpw3uYc-00469-00098136-00098391 started about summer reading and i feel
xPl2lpw3uYc-00470-00098392-00098559 like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00471-00098560-00098806 when winter reading actually begins then
xPl2lpw3uYc-00472-00098807-00098959 you talk about summer reading yes
xPl2lpw3uYc-00473-00098960-00099271 yeah so it's it's very much we're
xPl2lpw3uYc-00474-00099272-00099438 we don't know what we're planning for
xPl2lpw3uYc-00475-00099439-00099559 what it's going to be like when we're
xPl2lpw3uYc-00476-00099560-00099726 planning especially
xPl2lpw3uYc-00477-00099727-00100023 um right now during you know the whole
xPl2lpw3uYc-00478-00100024-00100206 last year has been
xPl2lpw3uYc-00479-00100207-00100559 crazy um i do want to say um last year
xPl2lpw3uYc-00480-00100560-00100679 we had
xPl2lpw3uYc-00481-00100680-00100862 an app that people could sign up you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00482-00100863-00101023 know log they're reading
xPl2lpw3uYc-00483-00101024-00101311 um we didn't like that app real well so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00484-00101312-00101511 we were trying a new app this year
xPl2lpw3uYc-00485-00101512-00101782 it's called read square so people will
xPl2lpw3uYc-00486-00101783-00101838 um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00487-00101839-00101991 have a new app and if you're one of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00488-00101992-00102159 those people who doesn't like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00489-00102160-00102575 logging your time um or your titles
xPl2lpw3uYc-00490-00102576-00102886 um on an app because maybe your phone
xPl2lpw3uYc-00491-00102888-00103023 doesn't have enough memory for you to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00492-00103024-00103078 download
xPl2lpw3uYc-00493-00103079-00103406 one more app um we will also be doing
xPl2lpw3uYc-00494-00103407-00103551 paper logs as well
xPl2lpw3uYc-00495-00103552-00103894 so great i like the paper log for
xPl2lpw3uYc-00496-00103895-00104054 whatever reason i just
xPl2lpw3uYc-00497-00104055-00104382 chew for it um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00498-00104383-00104766 yes and so to kind of okay i'm sorry
xPl2lpw3uYc-00499-00104767-00104951 before i move on to something else what
xPl2lpw3uYc-00500-00104952-00105143 um what day does summer reading begin
xPl2lpw3uYc-00501-00105144-00105254 remind me
xPl2lpw3uYc-00502-00105255-00105590 june 1st june 1st nice
xPl2lpw3uYc-00503-00105591-00105807 and so that and it's due is it all
xPl2lpw3uYc-00504-00105808-00105927 though is it the month of june and the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00505-00105928-00106071 month of july basically there's two
xPl2lpw3uYc-00506-00106072-00106166 months in july
xPl2lpw3uYc-00507-00106167-00106390 month of july um everything's going to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00508-00106391-00106566 be like your log your reading log and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00509-00106567-00106599 everything
xPl2lpw3uYc-00510-00106600-00106823 has to be turned in at some time in
xPl2lpw3uYc-00511-00106824-00107063 august i think august
xPl2lpw3uYc-00512-00107064-00107295 13th 14th somewhere in there so you've
xPl2lpw3uYc-00513-00107296-00107431 got some more time to turn
xPl2lpw3uYc-00514-00107432-00107639 turn things in but most of the programs
xPl2lpw3uYc-00515-00107640-00107815 are going to be i think all of the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00516-00107816-00108007 programs are going to be june and july
xPl2lpw3uYc-00517-00108008-00108207 and for the reading log you're entered
xPl2lpw3uYc-00518-00108208-00108375 and into a drawing is this correct
xPl2lpw3uYc-00519-00108376-00108678 yes the surprise part to me is
xPl2lpw3uYc-00520-00108679-00108975 uh where do i get out of it you can
xPl2lpw3uYc-00521-00108976-00109047 enjoy
xPl2lpw3uYc-00522-00109048-00109358 reading allison and i do
xPl2lpw3uYc-00523-00109359-00109678 but um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00524-00109679-00109839 there are gift card prizes that we're
xPl2lpw3uYc-00525-00109840-00109999 giving away this year
xPl2lpw3uYc-00526-00110000-00110278 okay because again you know touching
xPl2lpw3uYc-00527-00110279-00110327 stuff
xPl2lpw3uYc-00528-00110328-00110583 it's just we like i said we were
xPl2lpw3uYc-00529-00110583-00110654 planning
xPl2lpw3uYc-00530-00110655-00110943 we started planning this in um in
xPl2lpw3uYc-00531-00110944-00111039 january
xPl2lpw3uYc-00532-00111040-00111302 so making decisions on what things were
xPl2lpw3uYc-00533-00111303-00111486 like in january we decided
xPl2lpw3uYc-00534-00111488-00111799 yeah yes
xPl2lpw3uYc-00535-00111800-00112095 yes sorry i was just gonna say i guess i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00536-00112096-00112286 could go one year without
xPl2lpw3uYc-00537-00112288-00112599 another fcql keychain thing
xPl2lpw3uYc-00538-00112600-00112758 but probably not two so there better be
xPl2lpw3uYc-00539-00112759-00113158 more of those thanks to you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00540-00113159-00113407 you need another pen that says fcdl
xPl2lpw3uYc-00541-00113408-00113678 library another comment i love the pens
xPl2lpw3uYc-00542-00113679-00114071 um you know stickers magnets
xPl2lpw3uYc-00543-00114072-00114271 did we get a did we get a jar opener one
xPl2lpw3uYc-00544-00114272-00114399 time yeah
xPl2lpw3uYc-00545-00114400-00114710 the door opener yeah jar opener
xPl2lpw3uYc-00546-00114711-00115023 i'm here for the for the prizes
xPl2lpw3uYc-00547-00115024-00115334 kids do get um a free book that they get
xPl2lpw3uYc-00548-00115335-00115447 to heat
xPl2lpw3uYc-00549-00115448-00115775 so they're there i know i'm like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00550-00115776-00115902 sounding flippant but i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00551-00115903-00116134 am here for the prizes and that was
xPl2lpw3uYc-00552-00116135-00116295 gonna help me transition into somebody
xPl2lpw3uYc-00553-00116296-00116431 else who's here for the prizes i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00554-00116432-00116502 actually for
xPl2lpw3uYc-00555-00116503-00116823 can you i forget his full name andrew
xPl2lpw3uYc-00556-00116824-00116951 yang
xPl2lpw3uYc-00557-00116952-00117278 really okay um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00558-00117279-00117615 and he is a person who began
xPl2lpw3uYc-00559-00117616-00117886 signing up for online summer reading
xPl2lpw3uYc-00560-00117888-00117975 programs
xPl2lpw3uYc-00561-00117976-00118286 um many years ago one two things kind of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00562-00118288-00118351 like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00563-00118352-00118527 i want to say probably some of the first
xPl2lpw3uYc-00564-00118528-00118663 times when you were able to sign up
xPl2lpw3uYc-00565-00118664-00118863 online for this because it has been i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00566-00118864-00118927 think like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00567-00118928-00119295 10 years or something and he
xPl2lpw3uYc-00568-00119296-00119463 accidentally signed up for the wrong
xPl2lpw3uYc-00569-00119464-00119647 summer reading program and online and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00570-00119648-00119766 then he got to the end and he was like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00571-00119767-00119799 oh
xPl2lpw3uYc-00572-00119800-00120015 shoot i live in wherever and this is in
xPl2lpw3uYc-00573-00120016-00120151 a different state could you mail me my
xPl2lpw3uYc-00574-00120152-00120271 prizes this is the summer reading
xPl2lpw3uYc-00575-00120272-00120358 program i did
xPl2lpw3uYc-00576-00120359-00120510 he's a teenager and they're like sure i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00577-00120511-00120766 mailed it to him and so then every year
xPl2lpw3uYc-00578-00120767-00120943 he's tried to sign up for more and more
xPl2lpw3uYc-00579-00120944-00121095 summer reading programs across the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00580-00121096-00121310 country to collect that library swag and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00581-00121311-00121447 that was my point which is i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00582-00121448-00121647 totally get it i want to collect the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00583-00121648-00121863 library swag
xPl2lpw3uYc-00584-00121864-00122151 i love the library swag and i love when
xPl2lpw3uYc-00585-00122152-00122263 vendors
xPl2lpw3uYc-00586-00122264-00122607 give me swag i mean i'm not swag
xPl2lpw3uYc-00587-00122608-00123047 little glasses it's it's like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00588-00123048-00123399 wow this is awesome so i totally yeah
xPl2lpw3uYc-00589-00123400-00123743 get it him wanting the library swag he
xPl2lpw3uYc-00590-00123744-00124078 his name shows up frequently in like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00591-00124079-00124414 some of the librarian listservs i i'm on
xPl2lpw3uYc-00592-00124415-00124551 where they talk about like programming
xPl2lpw3uYc-00593-00124552-00124751 ideas and people share ideas and tips
xPl2lpw3uYc-00594-00124752-00124807 and tricks
xPl2lpw3uYc-00595-00124808-00124999 and yeah you know people will be like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00596-00125000-00125190 i've been named
xPl2lpw3uYc-00597-00125191-00125486 oh my gosh which is their way of saying
xPl2lpw3uYc-00598-00125488-00125607 that andrew yang has
xPl2lpw3uYc-00599-00125608-00125743 signed up for their summer reading
xPl2lpw3uYc-00600-00125744-00125990 program oh my gosh
xPl2lpw3uYc-00601-00125991-00126199 a lot of these programs being online you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00602-00126200-00126447 can sign up it's just a matter of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00603-00126448-00126766 the prize is what happens then um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00604-00126767-00127095 he did email us years ago
xPl2lpw3uYc-00605-00127096-00127334 and try to sign up for our program but
xPl2lpw3uYc-00606-00127335-00127414 we
xPl2lpw3uYc-00607-00127415-00127639 responded and said sorry budget
xPl2lpw3uYc-00608-00127640-00127831 constraints we can't mail prizes you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00609-00127832-00128007 have to pick them up in person
xPl2lpw3uYc-00610-00128008-00128310 so um he has attempted to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00611-00128311-00128527 join the fairfield county summer reading
xPl2lpw3uYc-00612-00128528-00128831 program
xPl2lpw3uYc-00613-00128832-00129119 but yes it's he's been doing it now for
xPl2lpw3uYc-00614-00129120-00129319 like you said about 10 years
xPl2lpw3uYc-00615-00129320-00129575 yeah so he's at an adult a full adult
xPl2lpw3uYc-00616-00129576-00129727 now but
xPl2lpw3uYc-00617-00129728-00130254 i don't know summer reading programs
xPl2lpw3uYc-00618-00130255-00130607 yeah that starts
xPl2lpw3uYc-00619-00130608-00130983 yeah but he also sells t-shirts
xPl2lpw3uYc-00620-00130983-00131239 about like i think he sells i don't
xPl2lpw3uYc-00621-00131240-00131383 think it's the you've been yang
xPl2lpw3uYc-00622-00131384-00131639 but um but he sells t-shirts about it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00623-00131640-00131751 and he's promoting
xPl2lpw3uYc-00624-00131752-00132047 summer reading himself you know thank
xPl2lpw3uYc-00625-00132048-00132135 you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00626-00132136-00132807 so much for libraries as well
xPl2lpw3uYc-00627-00132808-00133031 it's all in good fun and it's for yeah
xPl2lpw3uYc-00628-00133032-00133239 it brings attention to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00629-00133240-00133383 summer reading programs which are great
xPl2lpw3uYc-00630-00133384-00133551 for everybody it's great to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00631-00133552-00133799 use those extra daylight hours to get a
xPl2lpw3uYc-00632-00133800-00134111 little bit of reading in
xPl2lpw3uYc-00633-00134112-00134375 yeah yeah well i mean i can totally get
xPl2lpw3uYc-00634-00134376-00134551 it and if i were if online signup
xPl2lpw3uYc-00635-00134552-00134687 worthing when i was a kid
xPl2lpw3uYc-00636-00134688-00135023 i can totally see like trying to sign up
xPl2lpw3uYc-00637-00135024-00135119 for like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00638-00135120-00135351 summer reading program in new york city
xPl2lpw3uYc-00639-00135352-00135495 and then like what if i got like a new
xPl2lpw3uYc-00640-00135496-00135711 york public library
xPl2lpw3uYc-00641-00135712-00135975 coaster or something i can provide
xPl2lpw3uYc-00642-00135976-00136063 myself
xPl2lpw3uYc-00643-00136064-00136302 so yeah yeah that would be that would be
xPl2lpw3uYc-00644-00136303-00136431 pretty awesome
xPl2lpw3uYc-00645-00136432-00136663 yeah why didn't we think of that when we
xPl2lpw3uYc-00646-00136664-00136766 were kids
xPl2lpw3uYc-00647-00136767-00137087 well there wasn't online there wasn't
xPl2lpw3uYc-00648-00137088-00137239 so you would have to like write to them
xPl2lpw3uYc-00649-00137240-00137527 which would have been different i mean
xPl2lpw3uYc-00650-00137528-00137678 when i was a kid we didn't even get like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00651-00137679-00137847 little trinkets along the way
xPl2lpw3uYc-00652-00137848-00138159 like we we got stickers
xPl2lpw3uYc-00653-00138160-00138463 and there was like this mural wall and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00654-00138464-00138551 like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00655-00138552-00138759 some people would like create there was
xPl2lpw3uYc-00656-00138760-00138911 like a picture that we were supposed to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00657-00138912-00138990 be creating
xPl2lpw3uYc-00658-00138991-00139263 like you could put your stickers in um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00659-00139264-00139390 but
xPl2lpw3uYc-00660-00139391-00139543 some people would do like stuff on the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00661-00139544-00139743 side and they'd like start a flower and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00662-00139744-00139854 other people would help finish the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00663-00139855-00139975 flower it was it was
xPl2lpw3uYc-00664-00139976-00140383 it was cute but we've
xPl2lpw3uYc-00665-00140384-00140607 okay i don't remember i'm from lancaster
xPl2lpw3uYc-00666-00140608-00140687 and i don't remember
xPl2lpw3uYc-00667-00140688-00140975 exactly what the prize circumstances
xPl2lpw3uYc-00668-00140976-00141007 were
xPl2lpw3uYc-00669-00141008-00141159 for our summer reading program at that
xPl2lpw3uYc-00670-00141160-00141343 time but i do remember the little
xPl2lpw3uYc-00671-00141344-00141463 pamphlet and i remember
xPl2lpw3uYc-00672-00141464-00141654 there being 15 minute at least the one
xPl2lpw3uYc-00673-00141655-00141775 year
xPl2lpw3uYc-00674-00141776-00141919 having to mark down like 15 minute
xPl2lpw3uYc-00675-00141920-00142095 increments that i had read
xPl2lpw3uYc-00676-00142096-00142278 and i remember my grandma's house
xPl2lpw3uYc-00677-00142279-00142502 visiting and uh having my little thing
xPl2lpw3uYc-00678-00142503-00142623 out and like writing in it i feel like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00679-00142624-00142751 maybe there was one year where i colored
xPl2lpw3uYc-00680-00142752-00142887 like a pie chart or something like that
xPl2lpw3uYc-00681-00142888-00143039 i remember like marking that down i was
xPl2lpw3uYc-00682-00143040-00143111 in there you know
xPl2lpw3uYc-00683-00143112-00143335 but i mean i read so much anyway i would
xPl2lpw3uYc-00684-00143336-00143519 fill that log out
xPl2lpw3uYc-00685-00143520-00143831 so soon um but you know then i think a
xPl2lpw3uYc-00686-00143832-00143999 lot of times you have to wait to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00687-00144000-00144143 i don't know just certain times or
xPl2lpw3uYc-00688-00144144-00144335 whatever but um i don't know it was
xPl2lpw3uYc-00689-00144336-00144399 always just so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00690-00144400-00144695 much so much fun to like prove to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00691-00144696-00144839 someone how much you'd read and have
xPl2lpw3uYc-00692-00144840-00144983 them be excited for you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00693-00144984-00145319 right and then you're like can i get
xPl2lpw3uYc-00694-00145320-00145414 away with
xPl2lpw3uYc-00695-00145415-00145702 i need like one more 15-minute increment
xPl2lpw3uYc-00696-00145703-00145878 and get this prize
xPl2lpw3uYc-00697-00145879-00146063 i promise i'll read it but maybe i want
xPl2lpw3uYc-00698-00146064-00146214 the prize today
xPl2lpw3uYc-00699-00146215-00146671 i never did that man i never did that um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00700-00146672-00147039 i think i was a very honest
xPl2lpw3uYc-00701-00147040-00147335 reporter of my reading i i would
xPl2lpw3uYc-00702-00147336-00147478 sometimes be like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00703-00147479-00147663 well i hated reading when i was little
xPl2lpw3uYc-00704-00147664-00147839 i've been like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00705-00147840-00148031 will you just read it to me and that
xPl2lpw3uYc-00706-00148032-00148207 counts yeah it does like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00707-00148208-00148439 yourself hearing it hearing a book read
xPl2lpw3uYc-00708-00148440-00148559 count
xPl2lpw3uYc-00709-00148560-00149039 fine i i i don't think i ever lied about
xPl2lpw3uYc-00710-00149040-00149278 finishing the books but maybe they were
xPl2lpw3uYc-00711-00149279-00149454 read to me rather than i read them don't
xPl2lpw3uYc-00712-00149455-00149623 make sense and i mean i was the type who
xPl2lpw3uYc-00713-00149624-00149790 the whole afternoon was spent in my room
xPl2lpw3uYc-00714-00149791-00149926 reading so i probably had that log done
xPl2lpw3uYc-00715-00149927-00149975 this
xPl2lpw3uYc-00716-00149976-00150214 first day but that's just you know an
xPl2lpw3uYc-00717-00150215-00150311 audrey this is
xPl2lpw3uYc-00718-00150312-00150535 shocking and disturbing to me audrey's
xPl2lpw3uYc-00719-00150536-00150702 mom never let her do summer reading
xPl2lpw3uYc-00720-00150703-00150854 because she said reading was its own
xPl2lpw3uYc-00721-00150855-00151278 prize and she didn't need it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00722-00151279-00151614 that's sad yeah
xPl2lpw3uYc-00723-00151615-00151919 i'm sorry audrey and here you are you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00724-00151920-00151975 you know
xPl2lpw3uYc-00725-00151976-00152151 working so deeply in summer reading and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00726-00152152-00152439 promoting it so hard and you're you know
xPl2lpw3uYc-00727-00152440-00152799 you're making up for little audrey
xPl2lpw3uYc-00728-00152800-00153119 what she didn't have yeah
xPl2lpw3uYc-00729-00153120-00153351 yes but there are going to be lots of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00730-00153352-00153519 opportunities to join summer
xPl2lpw3uYc-00731-00153520-00153702 lots of things to do for summer reading
xPl2lpw3uYc-00732-00153703-00154087 so check out our website it's all there
xPl2lpw3uYc-00733-00154088-00154214 all the use stuff is in audrey's
xPl2lpw3uYc-00734-00154215-00154326 comments but if you don't feel like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00735-00154327-00154447 reading it there
xPl2lpw3uYc-00736-00154448-00154590 come to our website and you can see the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00737-00154591-00154735 programs we have planned and then you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00738-00154736-00154831 can register
xPl2lpw3uYc-00739-00154832-00155111 yes yeah cause like you like i said we
xPl2lpw3uYc-00740-00155112-00155207 need to email that
xPl2lpw3uYc-00741-00155208-00155607 that zoom link to you yeah um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00742-00155608-00155790 and uh audrey clarified that they did
xPl2lpw3uYc-00743-00155791-00155959 live like way out of town
xPl2lpw3uYc-00744-00155960-00156278 so making extra trips into town to pick
xPl2lpw3uYc-00745-00156279-00156335 up
xPl2lpw3uYc-00746-00156336-00156519 a summer reading prize maybe was out of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00747-00156520-00156687 the you know
xPl2lpw3uYc-00748-00156688-00156951 yeah maybe that's part of it their
xPl2lpw3uYc-00749-00156952-00157143 probably
xPl2lpw3uYc-00750-00157144-00157407 we were talking about like how we did
xPl2lpw3uYc-00751-00157408-00157519 summer reading when we were little do
xPl2lpw3uYc-00752-00157520-00157687 you have and of course it was summer
xPl2lpw3uYc-00753-00157688-00157775 time so i read
xPl2lpw3uYc-00754-00157776-00158014 all the time as a kid in summer because
xPl2lpw3uYc-00755-00158015-00158159 i was out of school
xPl2lpw3uYc-00756-00158160-00158366 now i continue to work in the summer so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00757-00158367-00158535 i'm not sure my reading habits change a
xPl2lpw3uYc-00758-00158536-00158639 ton in the summer time
xPl2lpw3uYc-00759-00158640-00159023 what about you there is one thing
xPl2lpw3uYc-00760-00159024-00159190 different that i do in the summer time
xPl2lpw3uYc-00761-00159191-00159375 like growing up
xPl2lpw3uYc-00762-00159376-00159551 it was always summer time was that free
xPl2lpw3uYc-00763-00159552-00159695 time so like i read
xPl2lpw3uYc-00764-00159696-00159895 a bajillion books in the summer i would
xPl2lpw3uYc-00765-00159896-00160078 stay up all night to finish a book i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00766-00160079-00160135 would
xPl2lpw3uYc-00767-00160136-00160454 you know i just i my reading was crazy
xPl2lpw3uYc-00768-00160455-00160663 and like yeah i would get my days and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00769-00160664-00160799 nights i was all
xPl2lpw3uYc-00770-00160800-00161071 out of whack because i would just stay
xPl2lpw3uYc-00771-00161072-00161207 up reading really late
xPl2lpw3uYc-00772-00161208-00161543 sure um but the thing i do now
xPl2lpw3uYc-00773-00161544-00161878 that is different is i will have
xPl2lpw3uYc-00774-00161879-00162190 a pool book okay
xPl2lpw3uYc-00775-00162191-00162351 that is the book that i will take with
xPl2lpw3uYc-00776-00162352-00162639 me to the to the pool because usually
xPl2lpw3uYc-00777-00162640-00162902 um a couple times a summer i will have
xPl2lpw3uYc-00778-00162903-00163023 my nephews
xPl2lpw3uYc-00779-00163024-00163399 and um we will i'll take them
xPl2lpw3uYc-00780-00163400-00163599 to the pool yeah we'll spend a couple
xPl2lpw3uYc-00781-00163600-00163719 afternoons there
xPl2lpw3uYc-00782-00163720-00163990 and every once in a while i'll go by
xPl2lpw3uYc-00783-00163991-00164102 myself
xPl2lpw3uYc-00784-00164103-00164423 and oh that's my book that i will last
xPl2lpw3uYc-00785-00164424-00164623 me like all summer and i will work
xPl2lpw3uYc-00786-00164624-00164902 only at the pool yeah and then if it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00787-00164903-00165038 gets to be the end of summer and i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00788-00165039-00165231 haven't finished the book yet
xPl2lpw3uYc-00789-00165232-00165623 it then becomes my bubble bath book
xPl2lpw3uYc-00790-00165624-00165823 and i read it in bubble bath because
xPl2lpw3uYc-00791-00165824-00165943 it's it's like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00792-00165944-00166135 you have to have this book is okay to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00793-00166136-00166263 read near water
xPl2lpw3uYc-00794-00166264-00166575 so ask me like a paperback book that is
xPl2lpw3uYc-00795-00166576-00166687 older that
xPl2lpw3uYc-00796-00166688-00166926 probably i've already read once and it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00797-00166927-00167063 is um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00798-00167064-00167383 but maybe not not necessarily it has to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00799-00167384-00167590 be one that's like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00800-00167591-00167807 it's cheap and if it falls into the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00801-00167808-00167935 water and becomes
xPl2lpw3uYc-00802-00167936-00168254 like an accordion it doesn't matter i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00803-00168255-00168407 can throw it away when i'm finished with
xPl2lpw3uYc-00804-00168408-00168454 it
xPl2lpw3uYc-00805-00168455-00168711 because it's got the right water stain
xPl2lpw3uYc-00806-00168712-00168799 pages so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00807-00168800-00169199 right yes i i now will have a pool book
xPl2lpw3uYc-00808-00169200-00169519 it's good to know um and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00809-00169520-00169838 i just uh since we are here
xPl2lpw3uYc-00810-00169839-00169966 on here representing the library i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00811-00169967-00170119 notice you're not taking your library
xPl2lpw3uYc-00812-00170120-00170231 book to the pool
xPl2lpw3uYc-00813-00170232-00170535 i am not now i would always
xPl2lpw3uYc-00814-00170536-00170687 it may be something that i bought from
xPl2lpw3uYc-00815-00170688-00170887 the friends there you go
xPl2lpw3uYc-00816-00170888-00171151 i would i would encourage people taking
xPl2lpw3uYc-00817-00171152-00171311 their library books to the pool to just
xPl2lpw3uYc-00818-00171312-00171519 be careful
xPl2lpw3uYc-00819-00171520-00171887 just be careful and i would really
xPl2lpw3uYc-00820-00171888-00173014 say if you're gonna take it to the beach
xPl2lpw3uYc-00821-00173015-00173175 or whatever that's fine but to the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00822-00173176-00173399 physical beach where there's the sand
xPl2lpw3uYc-00823-00173400-00173726 i just you would not believe how much
xPl2lpw3uYc-00824-00173727-00173831 sand gets
xPl2lpw3uYc-00825-00173832-00174199 in the book covers yes every year we
xPl2lpw3uYc-00826-00174200-00174287 have to like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00827-00174288-00174463 take the cover off the book and throw
xPl2lpw3uYc-00828-00174464-00174654 that cover away and replace the cover
xPl2lpw3uYc-00829-00174655-00174926 because it's just there's so much sand
xPl2lpw3uYc-00830-00174927-00175087 in the book and sometimes i'm really
xPl2lpw3uYc-00831-00175088-00175366 surprised at what people choose to read
xPl2lpw3uYc-00832-00175367-00175751 at the beach because like for me i want
xPl2lpw3uYc-00833-00175752-00176023 light fluffy romances that's my beach
xPl2lpw3uYc-00834-00176024-00176095 reed
xPl2lpw3uYc-00835-00176096-00176431 sure i've had like books on economics
xPl2lpw3uYc-00836-00176432-00176519 like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00837-00176520-00176863 understanding like the way finances work
xPl2lpw3uYc-00838-00176864-00177214 and like the financial crisis of 2008
xPl2lpw3uYc-00839-00177215-00177454 like like you took this this was your
xPl2lpw3uYc-00840-00177455-00177711 retreat
xPl2lpw3uYc-00841-00177712-00177935 this brought you comfort and like this
xPl2lpw3uYc-00842-00177936-00178166 is how you relax reading about
xPl2lpw3uYc-00843-00178167-00178407 the economic phrases and how to work our
xPl2lpw3uYc-00844-00178408-00178471 way out of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00845-00178472-00178783 it like that so i'm
xPl2lpw3uYc-00846-00178784-00179054 funny and to clarify surprised you know
xPl2lpw3uYc-00847-00179055-00179183 it's a beach reed because it's filled
xPl2lpw3uYc-00848-00179184-00179295 with sand
xPl2lpw3uYc-00849-00179296-00179543 yes yeah yeah there's no doubt where
xPl2lpw3uYc-00850-00179544-00179702 this boat was
xPl2lpw3uYc-00851-00179703-00179983 at all right the pieces are warped from
xPl2lpw3uYc-00852-00179984-00180143 humidity and damp
xPl2lpw3uYc-00853-00180144-00180295 they're all they're all wrinkled and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00854-00180296-00180471 wavy and then the cover the jackets
xPl2lpw3uYc-00855-00180472-00180663 filled with sand
xPl2lpw3uYc-00856-00180664-00180854 and guys this happens all summer long
xPl2lpw3uYc-00857-00180855-00181071 many to many many books
xPl2lpw3uYc-00858-00181072-00181302 and not just in the summer too because
xPl2lpw3uYc-00859-00181303-00181399 you'll get those people who
xPl2lpw3uYc-00860-00181400-00181566 will go on trips in the winter and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00861-00181567-00181735 they'll bring back their votes
xPl2lpw3uYc-00862-00181736-00182047 you know and then we had so much less of
xPl2lpw3uYc-00863-00182048-00182126 that this year
xPl2lpw3uYc-00864-00182127-00182399 this last year yeah i don't think i've
xPl2lpw3uYc-00865-00182400-00182519 gotten the book with sand in it since
xPl2lpw3uYc-00866-00182520-00182590 2019
xPl2lpw3uYc-00867-00182591-00182814 honestly in tech services i don't think
xPl2lpw3uYc-00868-00182815-00182902 we've received one
xPl2lpw3uYc-00869-00182903-00183038 but i was going to say if when we get
xPl2lpw3uYc-00870-00183039-00183247 one in the winter time not only then
xPl2lpw3uYc-00871-00183248-00183407 are we like you know having to do the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00872-00183408-00183511 work and change the jacket but then
xPl2lpw3uYc-00873-00183512-00183847 we're also jealous because this person
xPl2lpw3uYc-00874-00183848-00183999 they got to go to the beach i wonder
xPl2lpw3uYc-00875-00184000-00184175 what beach they were at
xPl2lpw3uYc-00876-00184176-00184519 you know yes so we get very jealous when
xPl2lpw3uYc-00877-00184520-00184726 you bring back sandy books
xPl2lpw3uYc-00878-00184727-00184990 yeah so anyway i'm glad you're taking a
xPl2lpw3uYc-00879-00184991-00185126 paper back to the pool that
xPl2lpw3uYc-00880-00185127-00185454 uh you won't have to worry about
xPl2lpw3uYc-00881-00185455-00185783 damaging
xPl2lpw3uYc-00882-00185784-00185935 typically like a romance or something
xPl2lpw3uYc-00883-00185936-00186150 light and fluffy then oh yeah
xPl2lpw3uYc-00884-00186151-00186519 oh just found a sandy book yesterday
xPl2lpw3uYc-00885-00186520-00186838 tommy's telling us well i guess it's
xPl2lpw3uYc-00886-00186839-00186895 begun
xPl2lpw3uYc-00887-00186896-00187159 which is great because i mean people are
xPl2lpw3uYc-00888-00187160-00187335 enjoying themselves and traveling again
xPl2lpw3uYc-00889-00187336-00187463 just you know
xPl2lpw3uYc-00890-00187464-00187871 keep us in mind be careful
xPl2lpw3uYc-00891-00187872-00188119 speaking of the pool that reminded me
xPl2lpw3uYc-00892-00188120-00188214 because it was over there
xPl2lpw3uYc-00893-00188215-00188559 on the the over there
xPl2lpw3uYc-00894-00188560-00188775 by where the pool is did you hear the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00895-00188776-00188895 story about
xPl2lpw3uYc-00896-00188896-00189135 the lancaster fire department rescuing
xPl2lpw3uYc-00897-00189136-00189199 the ducks
xPl2lpw3uYc-00898-00189200-00189583 from the storm drain no two weeks ago
xPl2lpw3uYc-00899-00189584-00189726 there were ducklings that fell in the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00900-00189727-00189943 storm drain over over there
xPl2lpw3uYc-00901-00189944-00190135 and the lancaster fire department came
xPl2lpw3uYc-00902-00190136-00190311 and they rescued them and they got the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00903-00190312-00190431 ducklings out
xPl2lpw3uYc-00904-00190432-00190743 no i did not know that that's the thing
xPl2lpw3uYc-00905-00190744-00190983 oh my god earlier this month like i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00906-00190984-00191150 think a woman heard them
xPl2lpw3uYc-00907-00191151-00191454 heard them or i think
xPl2lpw3uYc-00908-00191455-00191654 or did she see them i read the article
xPl2lpw3uYc-00909-00191655-00191799 but it was a couple weeks ago i don't
xPl2lpw3uYc-00910-00191800-00191966 remember
xPl2lpw3uYc-00911-00191967-00192135 laundry was driving home when that
xPl2lpw3uYc-00912-00192136-00192359 happened oh did you see the ducks go in
xPl2lpw3uYc-00913-00192360-00192519 or did you see the ducks get rescued i
xPl2lpw3uYc-00914-00192520-00192631 feel like those would be two very
xPl2lpw3uYc-00915-00192632-00192766 different drives i hope you got to see
xPl2lpw3uYc-00916-00192767-00192871 them getting rescued
xPl2lpw3uYc-00917-00192872-00193031 well she was driving home i must have
xPl2lpw3uYc-00918-00193032-00193295 read where it happened wrong
xPl2lpw3uYc-00919-00193296-00193454 oh well it doesn't matter it happened in
xPl2lpw3uYc-00920-00193455-00193599 lancaster and the lancaster
xPl2lpw3uYc-00921-00193600-00193854 fire department rescued the doctors wait
xPl2lpw3uYc-00922-00193855-00193926 she said she
xPl2lpw3uYc-00923-00193927-00194054 or anything but that's fine they were
xPl2lpw3uYc-00924-00194055-00194263 clearly in very capable hands right
xPl2lpw3uYc-00925-00194264-00194535 you know yeah tell us give us more
xPl2lpw3uYc-00926-00194536-00194683 information
xPl2lpw3uYc-00927-00194684-00195071 um but there are even pictures of like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00928-00195072-00195271 the firefighters down in the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00929-00195272-00195550 storm drain getting them out that is
xPl2lpw3uYc-00930-00195551-00195726 just so sweet i love
xPl2lpw3uYc-00931-00195727-00196038 i love it happen or it happened again
xPl2lpw3uYc-00932-00196039-00196102 this week
xPl2lpw3uYc-00933-00196103-00196295 oh because this one happened like two
xPl2lpw3uYc-00934-00196296-00196423 weeks ago
xPl2lpw3uYc-00935-00196424-00196799 um so maybe it happened again
xPl2lpw3uYc-00936-00196800-00197102 wow what are those stories all the time
xPl2lpw3uYc-00937-00197103-00197359 about people rescuing the ducklings
xPl2lpw3uYc-00938-00197360-00197407 because
xPl2lpw3uYc-00939-00197408-00197638 yeah that's just and you know how i am
xPl2lpw3uYc-00940-00197639-00197854 about dogs i love you
xPl2lpw3uYc-00941-00197855-00198214 so i followed yes um
xPl2lpw3uYc-00942-00198215-00198471 oh this one by the kroger this wasn't by
xPl2lpw3uYc-00943-00198472-00198614 the kroger so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00944-00198615-00199175 it happened again
xPl2lpw3uYc-00945-00199176-00199566 i remember um one year there was a duck
xPl2lpw3uYc-00946-00199567-00199966 that had laid eggs and hatched the eggs
xPl2lpw3uYc-00947-00199967-00200199 on the lawn of the white house
xPl2lpw3uYc-00948-00200200-00200407 like like under like one of the bushes
xPl2lpw3uYc-00949-00200408-00200678 and like the secret service would like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00950-00200679-00200990 make sure they made it back when they
xPl2lpw3uYc-00951-00200991-00201078 were
xPl2lpw3uYc-00952-00201079-00201343 gone whatever water they were going to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00953-00201344-00201454 but i remember
xPl2lpw3uYc-00954-00201455-00201743 um yeah the ducks they would let the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00955-00201744-00201871 ducks come back on them
xPl2lpw3uYc-00956-00201872-00202183 on them so cute
xPl2lpw3uYc-00957-00202184-00202343 audrey said the police were arriving
xPl2lpw3uYc-00958-00202344-00202535 when she was driving past
xPl2lpw3uYc-00959-00202536-00202878 oh my gosh i know there were some
xPl2lpw3uYc-00960-00202879-00203119 geese making a scene in that general
xPl2lpw3uYc-00961-00203120-00203263 area but more about mcdonald's on
xPl2lpw3uYc-00962-00203264-00203366 memorial
xPl2lpw3uYc-00963-00203367-00203559 um they were like all knew that everyone
xPl2lpw3uYc-00964-00203560-00203695 had kept me to slow down because the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00965-00203696-00203814 geese were like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00966-00203815-00203999 thinking about going across the road but
xPl2lpw3uYc-00967-00204000-00204119 not doing it and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00968-00204120-00204238 there weren't any babies though these
xPl2lpw3uYc-00969-00204239-00204855 were just grown geese but
xPl2lpw3uYc-00970-00204856-00205166 i love those stories and like you see
xPl2lpw3uYc-00971-00205167-00205279 stories of like
xPl2lpw3uYc-00972-00205280-00205575 other areas i am a big fan and i follow
xPl2lpw3uYc-00973-00205576-00205694 all the animal plague
xPl2lpw3uYc-00974-00205696-00205958 pages on instagram like you know just
xPl2lpw3uYc-00975-00205959-00206086 the lions laying in the middle of the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00976-00206087-00206238 road and
xPl2lpw3uYc-00977-00206239-00206471 the jeeps like they can't get through
xPl2lpw3uYc-00978-00206471-00206566 because you're not gonna
xPl2lpw3uYc-00979-00206567-00206919 upset the lion right
xPl2lpw3uYc-00980-00206919-00207190 well for our viewers here who were here
xPl2lpw3uYc-00981-00207191-00207406 the week when you talked about long boy
xPl2lpw3uYc-00982-00207407-00207734 the very tall duck um i did
xPl2lpw3uYc-00983-00207735-00208071 follow him on instagram and then the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00984-00208071-00208286 rabbit that was stolen that was like the
xPl2lpw3uYc-00985-00208287-00208431 world's largest rabbit
xPl2lpw3uYc-00986-00208432-00208638 i just googling of that and did get to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00987-00208639-00208798 see some pictures
xPl2lpw3uYc-00988-00208800-00209055 of him on his own i did not want to see
xPl2lpw3uYc-00989-00209056-00209175 i knew there was going to be a picture
xPl2lpw3uYc-00990-00209176-00209310 of a child holding him and he was going
xPl2lpw3uYc-00991-00209311-00209438 to be bigger than the child and i didn't
xPl2lpw3uYc-00992-00209439-00209534 want to see that because
xPl2lpw3uYc-00993-00209535-00209742 for some reason is really disturbing to
xPl2lpw3uYc-00994-00209744-00209839 me and so
xPl2lpw3uYc-00995-00209840-00210087 i i didn't see any of that but i did get
xPl2lpw3uYc-00996-00210088-00210198 to see he is a big
xPl2lpw3uYc-00997-00210200-00210471 rabbit he's very pretty and he's a
xPl2lpw3uYc-00998-00210471-00210646 certain type of rabbit that
xPl2lpw3uYc-00999-00210648-00210791 is meant to get really big he's still
xPl2lpw3uYc-01000-00210792-00210991 like a foot longer or foot and a half
xPl2lpw3uYc-01001-00210992-00211119 longer or something than
xPl2lpw3uYc-01002-00211119-00211255 those rabbits are supposed to be which
xPl2lpw3uYc-01003-00211256-00211534 is a lot but he is not
xPl2lpw3uYc-01004-00211535-00211694 he is already supposed to be a very
xPl2lpw3uYc-01005-00211696-00211855 large two and a half foot long rabbit
xPl2lpw3uYc-01006-00211856-00211998 but he's like four feet long
xPl2lpw3uYc-01007-00212000-00212223 so um anyway i did look that up and they
xPl2lpw3uYc-01008-00212223-00212415 do believe that he was stolen and last i
xPl2lpw3uYc-01009-00212416-00212591 checked he'd not been returned so
xPl2lpw3uYc-01010-00212592-00212894 that's sad i know
xPl2lpw3uYc-01011-00212896-00213198 did you hear the story about um
xPl2lpw3uYc-01012-00213200-00213358 it's a woman in california the
xPl2lpw3uYc-01013-00213359-00213542 california condor
xPl2lpw3uYc-01014-00213544-00213758 it's like critically endangered
xPl2lpw3uYc-01015-00213759-00213903 critically endangered species and then
xPl2lpw3uYc-01016-00213904-00214055 you've done like
xPl2lpw3uYc-01017-00214056-00214255 some kind of program to help bring them
xPl2lpw3uYc-01018-00214256-00214582 back and um
xPl2lpw3uYc-01019-00214583-00214839 but like 20 of them descended on this
xPl2lpw3uYc-01020-00214840-00215006 woman's house and like
xPl2lpw3uYc-01021-00215007-00215158 stayed there and were they were like
xPl2lpw3uYc-01022-00215159-00215342 wrecking her house like
xPl2lpw3uYc-01023-00215344-00215682 you know taking over like the yard and
xPl2lpw3uYc-01024-00215683-00215839 like
xPl2lpw3uYc-01025-00215840-00216015 pecking at the side of her house oh my
xPl2lpw3uYc-01026-00216016-00216182 gosh but you can't like
xPl2lpw3uYc-01027-00216183-00216415 hurt them or do anything because they're
xPl2lpw3uYc-01028-00216416-00216639 not endangered
xPl2lpw3uYc-01029-00216640-00216894 the wildlife people are like clap at
xPl2lpw3uYc-01030-00216896-00216991 them and
xPl2lpw3uYc-01031-00216992-00217191 you know you can maybe spray them with
xPl2lpw3uYc-01032-00217192-00217294 water
xPl2lpw3uYc-01033-00217296-00217534 you know yelling at them and right
xPl2lpw3uYc-01034-00217535-00217694 doesn't get them to leave but
xPl2lpw3uYc-01035-00217696-00217934 your house is on what was formerly their
xPl2lpw3uYc-01036-00217935-00218015 breeding
xPl2lpw3uYc-01037-00218016-00218479 area so you just got to put up with it
xPl2lpw3uYc-01038-00218480-00218887 but like 20 percent of the still
xPl2lpw3uYc-01039-00218888-00219142 of the population of the california
xPl2lpw3uYc-01040-00219144-00219255 condors
xPl2lpw3uYc-01041-00219256-00219463 were all at her house they like their
xPl2lpw3uYc-01042-00219464-00219846 house
xPl2lpw3uYc-01043-00219848-00220198 we're here we're going to make a mess
xPl2lpw3uYc-01044-00220200-00220375 what is the solution to that and i just
xPl2lpw3uYc-01045-00220376-00220510 can picture myself
xPl2lpw3uYc-01046-00220511-00220806 being told to clap at them i can see it
xPl2lpw3uYc-01047-00220807-00220846 now
xPl2lpw3uYc-01048-00220848-00221079 i can see it at my own home and me being
xPl2lpw3uYc-01049-00221080-00221282 like
xPl2lpw3uYc-01050-00221283-00221575 what i'm picturing it being like the
xPl2lpw3uYc-01051-00221576-00221639 birds
xPl2lpw3uYc-01052-00221640-00221942 and just i can't do that
xPl2lpw3uYc-01053-00221944-00222206 and and why did the why was this not
xPl2lpw3uYc-01054-00222207-00222334 revealed to her when she purchased this
xPl2lpw3uYc-01055-00222335-00222503 home i feel very bad for her
xPl2lpw3uYc-01056-00222504-00222767 i feel like i feel their numbers so low
xPl2lpw3uYc-01057-00222767-00222991 for so long that it
xPl2lpw3uYc-01058-00222992-00223175 but now that they're starting to come
xPl2lpw3uYc-01059-00223176-00223375 back a little but i think they're only
xPl2lpw3uYc-01060-00223376-00223534 like 160 total
xPl2lpw3uYc-01061-00223535-00223942 ever but she had like 30 in her house
xPl2lpw3uYc-01062-00223944-00224279 so can we drop a big net over her house
xPl2lpw3uYc-01063-00224280-00224446 and then somehow like pull them all up
xPl2lpw3uYc-01064-00224448-00224631 in the net i know they have wings so
xPl2lpw3uYc-01065-00224632-00224863 they'll just fly back but could you
xPl2lpw3uYc-01066-00224864-00225198 relocate could you
xPl2lpw3uYc-01067-00225200-00225487 humanely relocate that just sounds
xPl2lpw3uYc-01068-00225488-00225679 horrible because i love
xPl2lpw3uYc-01069-00225680-00226015 i have some bird feeders um and
xPl2lpw3uYc-01070-00226016-00226198 you know i feed all all birds and anyone
xPl2lpw3uYc-01071-00226200-00226367 who's a bird feeder knows that starlings
xPl2lpw3uYc-01072-00226367-00226510 will come in and they will
xPl2lpw3uYc-01073-00226511-00226655 just like they've got these long beaks
xPl2lpw3uYc-01074-00226656-00226815 and they'll just they'll eat so much
xPl2lpw3uYc-01075-00226816-00227142 and they're kind of bullies about it but
xPl2lpw3uYc-01076-00227144-00227319 other birds get it too it seems to be
xPl2lpw3uYc-01077-00227319-00227527 worth it but i have this feeder in the
xPl2lpw3uYc-01078-00227528-00227606 backyard
xPl2lpw3uYc-01079-00227607-00227951 and they will decimate it really quickly
xPl2lpw3uYc-01080-00227952-00228134 and then i'll come home from work i came
xPl2lpw3uYc-01081-00228135-00228239 home from work the other day and it was
xPl2lpw3uYc-01082-00228240-00228294 empty
xPl2lpw3uYc-01083-00228296-00228463 and i could just hear them screaming at
xPl2lpw3uYc-01084-00228464-00228639 me in the tree and i'm sure it was
xPl2lpw3uYc-01085-00228640-00228823 unrelated to me i'm sure it had
xPl2lpw3uYc-01086-00228823-00229015 they were not actually yelling at me but
xPl2lpw3uYc-01087-00229016-00229142 i could just
xPl2lpw3uYc-01088-00229144-00229446 hear them in the trees shrieking and i
xPl2lpw3uYc-01089-00229448-00229582 don't know it felt a little bit like the
xPl2lpw3uYc-01090-00229583-00229894 birds and so i can kind of relate
xPl2lpw3uYc-01091-00229896-00230055 not really but to that woman with the
xPl2lpw3uYc-01092-00230056-00230246 condors
xPl2lpw3uYc-01093-00230248-00230510 and i think for me lea is frozen i don't
xPl2lpw3uYc-01094-00230511-00230551 know
xPl2lpw3uYc-01095-00230552-00230815 for anybody else i'm assuming it's her
xPl2lpw3uYc-01096-00230816-00230967 that's frozen you're welcome to tell me
xPl2lpw3uYc-01097-00230967-00231110 in the comments but we are at the end of
xPl2lpw3uYc-01098-00231111-00231175 our show
xPl2lpw3uYc-01099-00231176-00231391 so i feel like i can go ahead and close
xPl2lpw3uYc-01100-00231392-00231575 this down if she doesn't come back
xPl2lpw3uYc-01101-00231576-00231782 we will be here next week we do not have
xPl2lpw3uYc-01102-00231783-00231982 a topic set for next week yet so feel
xPl2lpw3uYc-01103-00231983-00232134 free if there's anything in the comments
xPl2lpw3uYc-01104-00232135-00232334 you want to touch on or talk about
xPl2lpw3uYc-01105-00232335-00232591 send us a note um and then the week
xPl2lpw3uYc-01106-00232592-00232710 after that
xPl2lpw3uYc-01107-00232711-00233039 will be our uh anniversary week
xPl2lpw3uYc-01108-00233040-00233246 so uh we'll be celebrating our one year
xPl2lpw3uYc-01109-00233248-00233391 anniversary of doing the show
xPl2lpw3uYc-01110-00233392-00233527 and we'll see if we can have anything
xPl2lpw3uYc-01111-00233528-00233703 special planned for that we'll find out
xPl2lpw3uYc-01112-00233704-00233839 um but thanks for being here with us
xPl2lpw3uYc-01113-00233840-00234131 this morning and we will see you next
xPl2lpw3uYc-01114-00234132-00234432 time
xQ3oLxUrdkA-00000-00000000-00001518 [Music]
xQ3oLxUrdkA-00001-00001519-00002777 [Applause]
xQ3oLxUrdkA-00002-00002778-00004871 [Music]
xQ3oLxUrdkA-00003-00004872-00005624 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00000-00000532-00000922 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00001-00000923-00001547 I'm so suspicious of that I'm so
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00002-00001548-00001768 suspicious of what or the suggestion
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00003-00001769-00002143 yeah you know I'm not saying you were
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00004-00002144-00002357 there or anything happened but maybe you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00005-00002358-00002699 should write a letter and tell them kids
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00006-00002700-00003043 how sorry you is that their parents got
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00007-00003044-00003226 killed like that now you're reading way
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00008-00003227-00004186 too far into I totally am I totally am
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00009-00004187-00005177 [__] pig I'm gonna have like five
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00010-00005178-00006077 buttons it's gonna be bad uh of course
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00011-00006078-00006229 he's gonna do that
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00012-00006230-00006509 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00013-00006511-00006963 oh poor leo yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00014-00006964-00007347 all right I've recode before I've Rico
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00015-00007348-00007755 Rodriguez I know I tell you what I did
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00016-00007756-00008016 not expect this game to become this game
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00017-00008017-00008235 yeah yeah yeah no not at all
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00018-00008236-00008652 [__] a halo jumping we're [__] up
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00019-00008653-00009837 there man can't hear me oh wow
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00020-00009838-00010171 well well [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00021-00010172-00010761 that's just freefall now I can't really
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00022-00010762-00010956 slow myself down it's fine it's fine
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00023-00010957-00011130 it's finally it's finally let's finally
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00024-00011131-00011285 up I got you I got you I got you I got
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00025-00011286-00011478 you have a parachute full one that's
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00026-00011479-00011660 fine that's fine we're gonna break bones
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00027-00011661-00013733 hard that hard major big big bone breaks
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00028-00013734-00014203 didn't like false deploy he pulled its
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00029-00014204-00015969 [__] fell
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00030-00015971-00017272 that's it your question be my guest
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00031-00017273-00017395 just keep in mind that you'll break a
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00032-00017396-00018166 lot more than an arm what a mess just
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00033-00018167-00018298 hold on to me okay
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00034-00018299-00018598 I mean it don't copy I won't
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00035-00018599-00019554 I can't Wow to all straps burst you like
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00036-00019555-00019798 not even the oh now I got to do my
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00037-00019799-00020755 emergency in that the whole pack you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00038-00020756-00020959 think Harvey still got the diamond I do
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00039-00020960-00021190 what makes you so sure about that I
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00040-00021191-00021433 don't know I was gonna kill him and it's
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00041-00021434-00021595 not like it's easy to sell something
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00042-00021596-00021805 like the black Harlem I still look at
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00043-00021806-00022030 how the hell you pull that off well I'm
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00044-00022031-00022192 actually good at what I do it's actually
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00045-00022193-00022360 very easy to sell it if you don't shoot
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00046-00022361-00022504 your buyers in the face they were
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00047-00022505-00022600 willing to buy it
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00048-00022601-00023008 start the price you were willing to sell
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00049-00023009-00023451 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00050-00023452-00023803 take the guns off your backs before you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00051-00023804-00024424 do this it's before you climb over a
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00052-00024425-00024559 fence you're supposed to put the gun
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00053-00024560-00025543 down all the way it's a customer there
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00054-00025544-00025810 to see two of them three of them an hour
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00055-00025811-00025929 just going full-on
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00056-00025930-00026716 stay low let's flank them one I got two
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00057-00026717-00026872 and there was absolutely a third guy
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00058-00026873-00027235 over there you tell me when you're in a
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00059-00027236-00027514 spot you're happy but I guess we can do
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00060-00027514-00027643 it this way all right let's do it this
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00061-00027644-00028433 way three two one
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00062-00028435-00029587 okay watch those [__] up
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00063-00029588-00030202 got one he's going towards it
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00064-00030202-00030913 yeah he's really off for a cheese very
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00065-00030914-00030982 far away
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00066-00030983-00031454 Oh No
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00067-00031455-00031887 so yeah you did [__] it in fact all of
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00068-00031888-00032319 them big bag big boy wave fantastic I
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00069-00032320-00032458 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00070-00032460-00032859 can punch the cops and I can kill two
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00071-00032860-00033404 criminals
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00072-00033405-00033997 is it you're higher up guys
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00073-00033998-00034633 Oh nobody hurt I think there's nothing
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00074-00034634-00034849 stopping you actually right now the
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00075-00034850-00035164 prompt is not oh it is yeah yeah see as
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00076-00035165-00035458 soon as you move out of the way yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00077-00035459-00035887 okay so ready this is [__] I bet it's
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00078-00035888-00036103 gonna be like no don't turn on your
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00079-00036104-00036330 partner but both of us will be like
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00080-00036331-00037827 nationalist baby that's a big one that
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00081-00037828-00038187 way all right
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00082-00038188-00038510 [Applause]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00083-00038511-00038798 okay yeah I've thought maybe I could try
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00084-00038799-00039101 a covering fire but like he's completely
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00085-00039102-00041432 in there ring or yeah there doesn't
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00086-00041433-00041617 appear to be anything that's not you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00087-00041618-00042370 know you just you just do it I'm right
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00088-00042371-00043108 here [__] [__] I mean he knows well
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00089-00043109-00043718 rad yeah did you almost get clipped
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00090-00043719-00044513 opening that door sure a day
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00091-00044514-00044954 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00092-00044955-00045883 all right well that ladders not for me
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00093-00045884-00046451 up to you man good job nice it's not
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00094-00046452-00047277 running oh boy oh boy
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00095-00047278-00048828 I'm not good with that
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00096-00048829-00049581 there we go that's better
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00097-00049582-00050085 thank you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00098-00050086-00051140 oh did we bow get him a saint time to go
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00099-00051141-00051300 so far
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00100-00051301-00052437 let's see patient behavior are you got
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00101-00052438-00053052 one got to everybody
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00102-00053053-00054264 yep and no matter what gun you pick
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00103-00054265-00054426 there's gonna be situations where you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00104-00054427-00054570 wish you at a different one
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00105-00054571-00054846 oh you really wish I have the mp5 right
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00106-00054847-00054884 now
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00107-00054885-00055374 [Applause]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00108-00055375-00055647 [__] you man I hate I missed every one
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00109-00055648-00055860 of those shots are you sure [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00110-00055861-00058300 didn't write one or two more
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00111-00058301-00059312 good great now are you should you come
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00112-00059313-00059564 up here or shenana let's keep rolling
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00113-00059565-00060724 you keep rolling where I'm at perfect
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00114-00060725-00060983 then we're gonna lift this [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00115-00060984-00061504 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00116-00061504-00061750 surely they must have they must know
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00117-00061751-00062356 we're not all obsolete ly and we go what
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00118-00062357-00062830 the hell well they'd be [__] dumb then
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00119-00062831-00063187 I know we're coming now
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00120-00063188-00063391 steal the diamond what have you huh
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00121-00063391-00063616 absolutely - that's why we're here
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00122-00063616-00063904 that's why I'm here - no Mexico was this
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00123-00063904-00064237 beautiful
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00124-00064238-00065236 oh we're there we're [__] there wait
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00125-00065237-00065399 wait
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00126-00065400-00065710 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00127-00065711-00066475 hoods together all the goods you want to
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00128-00066476-00067980 break off right I'll go to my direction
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00129-00067981-00069235 insta-kill if you get near him yep
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00130-00069236-00069537 okay these walls are destructible be
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00131-00069538-00070777 aware of that all right gang
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00132-00070778-00071379 it's one to careful man
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00133-00071380-00071868 three
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00134-00071869-00072234 whatever I'm just gonna suck at it uh no
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00135-00072235-00072890 or out of cover
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00136-00072891-00074042 okay I think we got all get behind
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00137-00074043-00074269 something man
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00138-00074270-00074887 right here
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00139-00074888-00076073 [__] that's brutal man get him [__] you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00140-00076074-00076334 yeah this is better hewn inside and
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00141-00076335-00077117 indoors oh [__] oh god I got the guy on
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00142-00077118-00078160 top that was the problem
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00143-00078161-00078635 this is working out real well left we go
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00144-00078636-00079703 oh nice cars huh hi Ellie Oh help me
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00145-00079704-00080459 with this let's [__] this car
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00146-00080460-00081221 ah all right that actually worked
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00147-00081222-00081722 brute force always a winner always I'm
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00148-00081723-00082469 surely ill I'm sure
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00149-00082470-00083259 there's your opportunity yeah yeah good
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00150-00083260-00083847 old m16 can't go wrong with you buddy a
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00151-00083848-00084881 nice in-between
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00152-00084882-00085853 all right great 2 1 go yeah yes yeah now
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00153-00085854-00086078 you seem like a nice guy he seems the
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00154-00086079-00086459 most normal of all the goons go be a
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00155-00086460-00086659 criminal [__] gotta go but but
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00156-00086660-00086951 he's got to go but mainly cuz he's in
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00157-00086952-00087239 our way that's about it
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00158-00087240-00087596 oh [__] I hit the wrong button I to a
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00159-00087597-00087893 hit square but instead I hit X and I
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00160-00087894-00088226 rolled when I should yeah you think when
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00161-00088227-00088385 you should have zagged oh jesus dude
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00162-00088386-00088559 it's bad it's real bad
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00163-00088560-00088994 ok I'm gonna aim you hit the the stuff
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00164-00088995-00089458 down there ok 1 2 3 go
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00165-00089459-00090516 that kind of works
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00166-00090517-00090726 that is totally the mechanic we're
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00167-00090727-00091105 supposed to be using
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00168-00091106-00091961 there we go oh I'm glad no you gotta get
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00169-00091962-00092255 back there that we practice this three
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00170-00092256-00092806 two one go
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00171-00092807-00093573 say well we're not going that way but
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00172-00093574-00094016 charred corpses that way with a red mist
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00173-00094017-00094193 I was waiting for the red barrel to show
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00174-00094194-00095125 up and it did that was pretty good oh
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00175-00095126-00095375 did you see that see what you can talk
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00176-00095376-00095721 to me oh [__] I didn't even I didn't
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00177-00095722-00096423 even think to hit it might be my
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00178-00096424-00096641 favorite part about this [__] up his
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00179-00096642-00097007 beautiful yellow yeah hold that way so I
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00180-00097008-00098122 was about to go
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00181-00098123-00098403 [Applause]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00182-00098404-00098835 a lotta [__] juice or about a minute
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00183-00098836-00099436 before summer right
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00184-00099437-00099931 I want this guy real bad you know I love
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00185-00099932-00100115 you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00186-00100116-00100636 there we go bad angle here Oh
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00187-00100637-00100898 let's go stairs
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00188-00100899-00101270 oh no my mic oh no oh no oh geez oh no
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00189-00101271-00101537 wooly its bet actus it's worth him all
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00190-00101538-00101768 dogs get in your mouth trying to get in
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00191-00101769-00101816 your mouth
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00192-00101817-00102628 swerve serve your whole mouth Oh God
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00193-00102629-00102980 why microphone why only your microphone
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00194-00102981-00103273 ever lets the stand it's the stands I
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00195-00103274-00103577 got you backup stand for your backup
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00196-00103578-00104061 stand it loose tighten it up just
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00197-00104063-00104438 tighten it all up yeah we ate we have a
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00198-00104439-00104611 second we have a second yeah look I'm
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00199-00104613-00104870 late you have time you have time I'm
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00200-00104871-00105061 gonna just do this this bug while you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00201-00105063-00105845 fix your [__] use both hands g2 no but
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00202-00105846-00106009 if it doesn't make a difference it's
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00203-00106010-00106159 like you're kind of oh yeah that's the
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00204-00106160-00106496 best I could get it's just swerving it
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00205-00106497-00106643 doesn't tighten much more than that
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00206-00106644-00106931 it's okay that's all right we're there
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00207-00106932-00107051 it's Eric's then it's good it's good
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00208-00107052-00107381 it's good it doesn't it doesn't it spins
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00209-00107382-00107603 forever it spins forever it's okay
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00210-00107604-00107959 in age that's how it was it spins
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00211-00107960-00108005 forever
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00212-00108006-00108308 it's okay all right that's three mic
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00213-00108308-00108563 stands was that is not lit listen that
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00214-00108564-00108647 is not true
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00215-00108648-00108851 yeah how Matt was which one this is the
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00216-00108852-00109046 first one no there's the first one this
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00217-00109047-00109166 effect isn't straight up the first one
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00218-00109167-00109451 then why the new one I gave you because
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00219-00109452-00109742 that thing keeps falling down they're
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00220-00109743-00109988 just not great the really better quality
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00221-00109989-00110357 woods can i press triangle now come and
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00222-00110358-00111014 help me oh that's those four
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00223-00111015-00111329 right ready leo oh [__] no I'm not ready
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00224-00111330-00111604 god damn it's not moving
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00225-00111605-00111888 the sisters that's funny the one that I
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00226-00111889-00112050 gave to Matt and the backup one I gave
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00227-00112051-00112269 to you those didn't break the one the
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00228-00112270-00112535 one that the new ones of them like if
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00229-00112536-00112679 they it keeps dropping down
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00230-00112680-00112875 unfortunately we just got to get those
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00231-00112876-00113027 those [__] crane arms I don't know
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00232-00113028-00113495 our or use these then don't break them
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00233-00113496-00113698 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00234-00113699-00114545 Freddie three two one go
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00235-00114546-00114827 this is right at the end of commando man
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00236-00114828-00115304 Scarface at the same time I'll use the
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00237-00115305-00115514 mountain of coke Wow
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00238-00115515-00116083 I do think it's gonna be that easy to
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00239-00116084-00116390 take you out Harvey also you're wrecking
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00240-00116391-00116872 your house
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00241-00116873-00117688 Jesus Christ
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00242-00117689-00118033 no blind-fire unfortunate and make it
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00243-00118033-00118575 too easy come on get out
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00244-00118576-00119256 gotcha
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00245-00119257-00119649 know what
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00246-00119650-00120158 yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00247-00120159-00120474 oh [__] you're you're sitting right in
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00248-00120475-00121428 the path among those
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00249-00121429-00122629 yeah you gotta go really [__] weak
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00250-00122630-00123560 can't believe thank you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00251-00123561-00124346 your site okay going on yeah yep
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00252-00124347-00125036 hey Harvey what's up top how Jesus
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00253-00125038-00125358 Christ
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00254-00125359-00125733 yeah yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00255-00125734-00126500 is a bad [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00256-00126501-00126789 now he's Scarface in it he's even
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00257-00126790-00127183 wearing them like the white suit
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00258-00127183-00127969 I love it I love it I love it over
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00259-00127970-00128419 exactly [__] old gun this guy's got
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00260-00128420-00129109 his own story
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00261-00129110-00129696 hmm we know about me we don't know but
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00262-00129697-00129840 you don't know about you see what
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00263-00129841-00130104 happened we don't know about you you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00264-00130105-00130269 pull out a pair of handcuffs I'm gonna
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00265-00130270-00130506 get so [__] mad I'm worried about you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00266-00130507-00130668 pulling out a [__] pair of handcuffs
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00267-00130669-00130971 you seen what happened with me you know
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00268-00130972-00131202 you're the one with no past yeah you're
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00269-00131203-00131360 the one Begley talking to your wife
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00270-00131361-00131622 talking about all your gonna get killed
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00271-00131623-00131817 oh you don't do it this way why'd you
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00272-00131818-00131994 have to leave your pregnant wife it's
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00273-00131995-00132345 cuz you're undercover [__] shut
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00274-00132346-00132528 the [__] up one more word from you and
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00275-00132529-00132699 I'll put a bullet in your face don't
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00276-00132700-00132888 read no [__] Miranda rights you piece
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00277-00132889-00133197 of [__] I still got it
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00278-00133198-00133413 that's what you're here for right the
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00279-00133414-00133587 diamond it's all yours
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00280-00133588-00133920 it's in the safe over there you can take
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00281-00133921-00134286 it come on get up
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00282-00134287-00134414 go
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00283-00134415-00134610 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00284-00134611-00134827 nah man I want the diamond
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00285-00134828-00135104 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00286-00135105-00135506 hope there's no go to that safe
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00287-00135507-00135803 one day I got the Golden Gun out - yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00288-00135804-00136018 why not use this golden guy's pretty
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00289-00136019-00136252 probably heaviest [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00290-00136253-00136685 probably awful and I'm gonna used to got
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00291-00136686-00137078 a [__] really eat like clean it and
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00292-00137079-00137369 [__] often I knew it second Golden Gun
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00293-00137370-00137709 in there
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00294-00137710-00138704 Oh put the [__] gun down I don't even
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00295-00138705-00139313 have a choice I don't even have a choice
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00296-00139314-00139565 he's moving that light I'm moving him
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00297-00139566-00139814 okay where let's both move towards that
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00298-00139815-00140039 will my son decide I'm trying to get
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00299-00140040-00140423 over there but last warning he wants to
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00300-00140424-00140849 move that way okay you're not [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00301-00140850-00140978 ice this guy
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00302-00140979-00141686 I cannot unless I can I do think that
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00303-00141687-00142211 fine let's move him this way you see
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00304-00142212-00142322 that it's like I see it
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00305-00142323-00142622 Oh give me a second give me a sec give
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00306-00142623-00143296 me a sec give me a sec give me a sec
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00307-00143297-00143496 yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00308-00143497-00143954 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00309-00143955-00144293 that's the neck bro which is actually
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00310-00144294-00145817 crush oh my god that's so cool now just
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00311-00145818-00146117 cut to take my breath away just start
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00312-00146118-00146636 playing it
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00313-00146637-00146982 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00314-00146983-00148464 come on did you grab it yeah yeah yeah I
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00315-00148465-00148834 have one player two player yeah I season
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00316-00148835-00149082 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00317-00149083-00149311 you know I just realized that we don't
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00318-00149312-00149509 really have a solid plan to leave knew
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00319-00149510-00149902 we knew it was all hey we're gonna get
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00320-00149903-00150046 it we're gonna get Harvey we're gonna go
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00321-00150047-00150337 like we assume that the plane is sitting
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00322-00150338-00150592 out somewhere but planes don't take off
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00323-00150593-00150835 that fast they can only take off did she
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00324-00150836-00151150 even land or did she just curve back and
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00325-00151151-00151302 go home I'm out of here
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00326-00151303-00151762 trouble I don't need this no trouble and
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00327-00151763-00152219 now we're just metal gear yeah yeah yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00328-00152220-00152344 [Applause]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00329-00152345-00152605 yeah well how much why is that camera
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00330-00152606-00152832 taking so long to do that
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00331-00152833-00153604 yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00332-00153605-00154135 oh this is some this is some handling I
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00333-00154136-00154487 go faster now
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00334-00154488-00155023 whoa get a big shot yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00335-00155024-00155479 oh no don't oh boy
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00336-00155480-00156000 Parcheesi little Eva where where yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00337-00156001-00156765 feed you many tree frogs please
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00338-00156766-00157026 also if we start to slow down for
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00339-00157027-00157290 whatever reason the gunfire becomes more
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00340-00157291-00157476 accurate yeah yeah yeah yeah like that
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00341-00157477-00158283 yeah where oh [__] they're at these
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00342-00158284-00158475 these are some winding turns hell yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00343-00158476-00159000 they are and if we're jumping it's hard
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00344-00159001-00159138 to shoot us okay
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00345-00159139-00159393 it's parabolic arcs are shoot when do we
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00346-00159394-00159555 get to the mariokart blocks I'm not
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00347-00159556-00159927 super sure mark what the [__] Leo Oh
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00348-00159928-00160604 what the [__] me
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00349-00160605-00160828 like we're not even attempting to do
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00350-00160829-00161825 gunplay Elmo oh [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00351-00161826-00162371 it's the protector all over again that
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00352-00162372-00162617 was good or the bodyguard rather those
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00353-00162618-00162890 were all good now come together
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00354-00162891-00163103 snakes oh we're gonna fight the biggest
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00355-00163104-00163551 one big ol bayou
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00356-00163552-00164577 [__] I hit the mangroves
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00357-00164578-00164832 well you're you're in the water on an AM
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00358-00164833-00165552 am big in the water well let's start the
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00359-00165553-00165684 Tooting back up again
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00360-00165685-00166403 whoa what is that Rockets CS RPG swap
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00361-00166404-00166821 okay through this game
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00362-00166822-00167413 oh Jesus oh [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00363-00167414-00167682 what is your recourse there I don't know
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00364-00167683-00168077 go fast just drive fast drive real well
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00365-00168078-00168546 we're all fast ok I'm off to the side
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00366-00168547-00169219 path now I'm still going but like [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00367-00169220-00170451 oh no you dead [__] spending
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00368-00170452-00170709 I'm coming later like it it's the yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00369-00170710-00171234 get on the market lay off now it is suit
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00370-00171235-00171663 ah nice
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00371-00171664-00172047 I was looking you doing cool things when
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00372-00172048-00172248 they pick that gonna use had it man [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00373-00172249-00173305 alright more
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00374-00173306-00173464 yeah I'm trying to follow the road is
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00375-00173465-00173659 closed yeah oh don't worry about it it's
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00376-00173660-00173818 like it's not a clean shot no matter
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00377-00173819-00174247 what
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00378-00174248-00174643 we found the fire
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00379-00174644-00175344 oh [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00380-00175345-00175558 there we go
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00381-00175559-00176295 there we play guy no that's fine
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00382-00176296-00176514 we was my plan
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00383-00176515-00176766 this is my plan
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00384-00176767-00177567 production room okay BAM yeah we did it
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00385-00177568-00177825 I successful she's good she's a good
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00386-00177826-00178209 pilot she's a good a spy okay yeah I'm
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00387-00178210-00178260 fine
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00388-00178261-00178388 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00389-00178389-00178743 hey Emily great flying you guys are
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00390-00178744-00178809 crazy
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00391-00178810-00179031 visit you're gonna have to pay me triple
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00392-00179032-00179379 for this you got it
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00393-00179380-00179628 Vincent you're not gonna hear me say
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00394-00179629-00180099 this often but thanks you too leo we did
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00395-00180100-00180354 it we got a revenge and the diamonds
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00396-00180355-00180658 where'd the gauntlet I think I'm gonna
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00397-00180659-00180982 write that letter to Carole all right
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00398-00180983-00181357 idea hey Emily you have a pen and paper
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00399-00181358-00181545 wait now
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00400-00181546-00181993 right now right this second blood drops
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00401-00181994-00182406 on the [__] paper not really
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00402-00182407-00183198 all right then dear Carol I'm very sorry
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00403-00183199-00183556 that the Leo's blood is on this pen and
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00404-00183557-00183836 paper
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00405-00183837-00184223 you know pens a shave tens of Shiv
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00406-00184224-00184500 notepad that's a shiv paper itself is a
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00407-00184501-00185562 ship that papers our ship
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00408-00185563-00185985 beards of ship ships of ship sins the
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00409-00185986-00186444 chef sir man and nothing's a ship like a
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00410-00186445-00186771 sieve how are we doing we should be
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00411-00186772-00186978 landing in ten minutes okay
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00412-00186979-00187359 what's Lou you up to sleeping about time
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00413-00187360-00187628 to wake him up then yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00414-00187629-00188184 are you okay Vincent yeah you sure
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00415-00188185-00188499 yeah I'm fine
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00416-00188500-00188745 she not even lay on the headgear nah man
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00417-00188746-00189372 I'm yeah oh man we're almost there yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00418-00189373-00189589 [Music]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00419-00189590-00189774 it's probably like a breakfast applause
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00420-00189775-00190051 yeah you got to be able to hear
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00421-00190052-00190482 therefore the air traffic controller
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00422-00190483-00190964 is this a real [__] airport I mean
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00423-00190965-00191688 like it's a little a unless it's just
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00424-00191689-00192906 where we took off from oh well yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00425-00192907-00193357 hey guys
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00426-00193358-00193652 for a second I thought the gameplay was
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00427-00193653-00194169 going to continue yeah
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00428-00194170-00194516 where's the diamond though
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00429-00194517-00194891 i hitted my ass I'm saying tuck it
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00430-00194892-00195459 beneath the sack swallow it
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00431-00195460-00195810 boy
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00432-00195811-00196348 she ain't got her hands up
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00434-00200065-00200535 there you go good time you [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00435-00200536-00201048 you [__] [__] crusher leo
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00436-00201049-00201678 you piece of [__]
xTF7Z1e5v1A-00437-00201679-00201989 [Music]
xWXWRCkvofk-00000-00000056-00000318 hi my name is karen i've been with the
xWXWRCkvofk-00001-00000319-00000503 mazama for three years
xWXWRCkvofk-00002-00000504-00000774 today i will go over the basic layering
xWXWRCkvofk-00003-00000775-00001103 system
xWXWRCkvofk-00004-00001104-00001358 when i think of my layering system i
xWXWRCkvofk-00005-00001359-00001439 think
xWXWRCkvofk-00006-00001440-00001751 of what i wear from head to toe
xWXWRCkvofk-00007-00001752-00002063 so i start with a warm hat and buffy or
xWXWRCkvofk-00008-00002064-00002367 a balaclava and of course i bring my
xWXWRCkvofk-00009-00002368-00002502 helmet
xWXWRCkvofk-00010-00002503-00002726 i already have my base layers on so i
xWXWRCkvofk-00011-00002727-00002918 have my base layer top
xWXWRCkvofk-00012-00002919-00003222 and my base layer bottom
xWXWRCkvofk-00013-00003223-00003486 i also have mid layers and depending on
xWXWRCkvofk-00014-00003488-00003631 the time of year i have
xWXWRCkvofk-00015-00003632-00003903 i bring different mid layers i have
xWXWRCkvofk-00016-00003904-00004047 something thin
xWXWRCkvofk-00017-00004047-00004351 i have a fleece and i have this puffy as
xWXWRCkvofk-00018-00004352-00004399 my mid
xWXWRCkvofk-00019-00004400-00004743 layers and then the last thing is my
xWXWRCkvofk-00020-00004744-00004854 outer shell
xWXWRCkvofk-00021-00004855-00005583 these are my outer shell pants
xWXWRCkvofk-00022-00005584-00006391 and these are my outer shell jacket
xWXWRCkvofk-00023-00006392-00006783 so the mid layers will provide
xWXWRCkvofk-00024-00006784-00006991 more of the regulating the body
xWXWRCkvofk-00025-00006992-00007191 temperature and then the outer layers
xWXWRCkvofk-00026-00007192-00007255 will
xWXWRCkvofk-00027-00007256-00007623 protect you more from the elements
xWXWRCkvofk-00028-00007623-00007878 i also bring extra pairs of socks
xWXWRCkvofk-00029-00007879-00008014 because you never know when your socks
xWXWRCkvofk-00030-00008015-00008239 are going to get wet
xWXWRCkvofk-00031-00008240-00008559 and i have
xWXWRCkvofk-00032-00008560-00008887 my regular gloves thin gloves
xWXWRCkvofk-00033-00008888-00009142 and i can wear mittens over my thin
xWXWRCkvofk-00034-00009143-00009295 gloves
xWXWRCkvofk-00035-00009296-00009606 or thick burly gore-tex
xWXWRCkvofk-00036-00009607-00010014 gloves if there's snow or eyes
xWXWRCkvofk-00037-00010015-00010310 lastly i have mountaineering boots that
xWXWRCkvofk-00038-00010311-00010535 i wear on the mountain
xWXWRCkvofk-00039-00010536-00011528 gators and crampons
xXb1wkhDG70-00000-00000000-00000206 i'm your biggest fan i've been with you
xXb1wkhDG70-00001-00000208-00000447 since day one i got first badge i was
xXb1wkhDG70-00002-00000448-00000647 your first subscriber and you don't pay
xXb1wkhDG70-00003-00000648-00000815 attention to me i was with you you threw
xXb1wkhDG70-00004-00000816-00000983 your candidacy i was with you through
xXb1wkhDG70-00005-00000984-00001119 your chin points we went to chuck e
xXb1wkhDG70-00006-00001120-00001270 cheese you got me the little parachute
xXb1wkhDG70-00007-00001271-00001439 and trooper boy and yet you won't
xXb1wkhDG70-00008-00001440-00001639 acknowledge me you still just leave me
xXb1wkhDG70-00009-00001639-00001855 in the dust every single day
xXb1wkhDG70-00010-00001855-00001998 the dust
xXb1wkhDG70-00011-00002000-00002332 the dust
xh_uF1ouPpg-00000-00000073-00000303 [Music]
xh_uF1ouPpg-00001-00000304-00000563 we had been in Indiana Pennsylvania she
xh_uF1ouPpg-00002-00000564-00000767 was offered a job in Ovid we moved back
xh_uF1ouPpg-00003-00000768-00001064 and we immediately started to look for a
xh_uF1ouPpg-00004-00001065-00001298 house when we first approached Alex we
xh_uF1ouPpg-00005-00001299-00001487 really didn't know a lot when I go to
xh_uF1ouPpg-00006-00001488-00001693 shop anywhere for anything I look for
xh_uF1ouPpg-00007-00001694-00001904 somebody that is knowledgeable but also
xh_uF1ouPpg-00008-00001905-00002059 is passionate and I think that that's
xh_uF1ouPpg-00009-00002060-00002273 what Alex does the whole time we were
xh_uF1ouPpg-00010-00002274-00002452 trying to buy houses I'm looking at
xh_uF1ouPpg-00011-00002453-00002683 houses there was a constant checking in
xh_uF1ouPpg-00012-00002684-00002897 just are you how are you feeling are you
xh_uF1ouPpg-00013-00002898-00003034 okay with this do you understand what's
xh_uF1ouPpg-00014-00003035-00003245 going on so Alex made sure to make sure
xh_uF1ouPpg-00015-00003246-00003410 I was comfortable he's not just in it
xh_uF1ouPpg-00016-00003411-00003661 for the sale he's in it for the passion
xh_uF1ouPpg-00017-00003663-00003950 right in terms of helping the client not
xh_uF1ouPpg-00018-00003951-00004316 just making the profit alex is very open
xh_uF1ouPpg-00019-00004317-00004556 so if we walked into a house and it
xh_uF1ouPpg-00020-00004557-00004741 wasn't exactly what we were looking for
xh_uF1ouPpg-00021-00004742-00005051 Alex wasn't shy to say this probably
xh_uF1ouPpg-00022-00005052-00005252 isn't exactly what you want and this is
xh_uF1ouPpg-00023-00005253-00005452 why so let's keep looking so we can find
xh_uF1ouPpg-00024-00005453-00005504 something better
xh_uF1ouPpg-00025-00005505-00005756 he's very much willing to say this
xh_uF1ouPpg-00026-00005757-00005945 there's this problem right here's this
xh_uF1ouPpg-00027-00005946-00006095 really great house but there's also this
xh_uF1ouPpg-00028-00006096-00006227 other factor that you're not considering
xh_uF1ouPpg-00029-00006228-00006452 we felt very much informed for the
xh_uF1ouPpg-00030-00006453-00006677 process he's really great with kids he
xh_uF1ouPpg-00031-00006678-00006964 was very concerned about involving our
xh_uF1ouPpg-00032-00006965-00007217 kids in the process and that made it so
xh_uF1ouPpg-00033-00007218-00007466 much easier on them and they wanted to
xh_uF1ouPpg-00034-00007467-00007624 be involved because Alex was around in
xh_uF1ouPpg-00035-00007625-00007834 the anybody's mind come see Alex and um
xh_uF1ouPpg-00036-00007836-00008053 Adelaide our oldest at the end of this
xh_uF1ouPpg-00037-00008054-00008264 whole process she's 10 mom I'm so glad
xh_uF1ouPpg-00038-00008265-00008546 Alex was born because if not we wouldn't
xh_uF1ouPpg-00039-00008547-00008702 have this house
xh_uF1ouPpg-00040-00008703-00008903 you
xh_uF1ouPpg-00041-00008904-00009218 [Music]
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00000-00000053-00000337 the Shemp earth discus as a standard
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00001-00000338-00000700 class glider designed by Shemp earth it
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00002-00000701-00001081 was produced in Germany between 1984 and
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00003-00001082-00001412 1995 but has continued in production in
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00004-00001413-00001723 the Czech Republic it replaced the
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00005-00001725-00002063 standard Cirrus it was designed by Klaus
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00006-00002064-00002660 whole egg house
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00007-00002661-00003324 topic design and development
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00008-00003325-00003558 the discus was the first production
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00009-00003559-00003801 sailplane to have a distinctive swept
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00010-00003802-00004164 back leading edge this is now common in
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00011-00004165-00004605 contemporary sailplanes studies had long
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00012-00004606-00004857 shown that the ideal wing for minimizing
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00013-00004858-00005103 induced drag should be an elliptic plan
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00014-00005104-00005475 form to keep production costs down a
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00015-00005476-00005757 triple trapezoidal approximation of this
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00016-00005758-00006102 shape was adopted for the discus the
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00017-00006103-00006434 wings section was also new winglets were
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00018-00006436-00006675 only available towards the end of the
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00019-00006676-00006891 production run though many have been
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00020-00006892-00007266 retrofitted the fuselage and tail were
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00021-00007267-00007518 adapted from the Shemp earth Ventus a
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00022-00007519-00007820 version with a narrow fuselage is called
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00023-00007822-00008088 the discus uh and the wider fuselage
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00024-00008089-00008457 version is called the B the fuselage is
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00025-00008458-00008721 made of glass-reinforced plastic around
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00026-00008722-00009053 a steel tube frame the wings and tail
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00027-00009054-00009348 surfaces are also fiberglass with the
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00028-00009349-00009606 exception of the main wing spar which is
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00029-00009607-00010114 made of carbon fiber there is a 6.5 L
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00030-00010115-00010689 1.7 us gal 1/4 imp gal water ballast
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00031-00010690-00010926 tank in the fin for trimming purposes
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00032-00010927-00011175 when the main wing mounted ballast tanks
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00033-00011176-00011607 are in use 184 L combined for a maximum
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00034-00011608-00011862 wing loading of 50 kilograms per square
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00035-00011863-00012550 metre 10 pounds per square foot
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00036-00012551-00013162 topic competition use
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00037-00013163-00013456 the discus dominated standard class
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00038-00013457-00013738 sailplane racing throughout the 1980s
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00039-00013738-00014032 winning six world gliding championships
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00040-00014033-00014916 in a row from 1985 to 1995
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00041-00014916-00015477 topic performance
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00042-00015478-00015876 the best measured glide ratio is 42.5
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00043-00015877-00016194 one though it is considered a
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00044-00016194-00016473 high-performance sail plane its handling
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00045-00016474-00016662 is well within the capabilities of
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00046-00016663-00017094 inexperienced pilots with no bad manners
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00047-00017095-00017358 powerful air brakes and a low landing
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00048-00017359-00017687 speed the discus is popular with clubs
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00049-00017688-00018015 DISA cesare easy gliders to assemble
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00050-00018016-00018324 having light wings automatic control
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00051-00018325-00018576 hookups and a single pin securing the
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00052-00018577-00019137 wings
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00053-00019138-00019680 topic production
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00054-00019681-00020172 over 850 discuses had been built by 2004
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00055-00020173-00020370 and it remains in production today
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00056-00020371-00020572 despite the introduction of its
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00057-00020573-00020986 successor the Shemp earth discus - about
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00058-00020987-00021261 12 / years are built under license by
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00059-00021262-00021478 Shemp earth by roba in the czech
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00060-00021479-00021892 republic as the discus Cs some models
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00061-00021893-00022128 are fitted with small sustaining engines
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00062-00022129-00022974 turbos and are designated discus tee
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00063-00022975-00023562 topic variants
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00064-00023563-00023964 Disqus a short fuselage and narrow
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00065-00023965-00024257 cockpit optimized for smaller pilots
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00066-00024258-00024537 utilizing the fuselage and tail of the
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00067-00024538-00025071 Ventus a discus B standard production
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00068-00025072-00025383 model utilizing the fuselage and tail of
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00069-00025384-00025875 the Ventus B discus bTW
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00070-00025876-00026161 Disqus be with a retractable sustainer
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00071-00026162-00026718 motor discus BM motor glider with
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00072-00026719-00027310 retractable engine discus CS continued
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00073-00027311-00027696 production in the czech republic discus
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00074-00027697-00028117 k aerobatic version first flown on the
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00075-00028118-00028587 18th of november 1987 this was due to
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00076-00028588-00028855 disappointing performance in aerobatic
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00077-00028856-00029112 later converted back to a standard
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00078-00029113-00029689 version topic specifications discus b
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00079-00029689-00029874 data from jane's all the world's
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00080-00029875-00030355 aircraft 1988-89 general characteristics
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00081-00030356-00030673 crew one length six point six eight
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00082-00030674-00031030 meters twenty-one feet 11 in discus ax
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00083-00031031-00031360 six point three five meters twenty point
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00084-00031361-00031768 eight feet wingspan 15 meters forty nine
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00085-00031769-00032115 feet three in discus k thirteen point
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00086-00032116-00032473 seven meters forty five feet height one
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00087-00032474-00032806 point two seven meters four feet 2 in
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00088-00032807-00033139 wing area ten point five eight square
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00089-00033140-00033373 meters one hundred thirteen point nine
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00090-00033374-00033774 square feet aspect ratio 21 point 3
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00091-00033775-00034227 empty weight 233 kilograms five hundred
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00092-00034228-00034515 fourteen pounds discus at two hundred
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00093-00034516-00034755 twenty eight kilograms five hundred
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00094-00034756-00035049 three pounds max takeoff weight five
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00095-00035050-00035289 hundred twenty five kilograms one
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00096-00035290-00035592 thousand one hundred fifty seven pounds
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00097-00035593-00036277 water ballast 180 l48 us gal 40 m gal
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00098-00036278-00036829 performance stall speed 66 km/h 41 miles
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00099-00036830-00037383 per hour 36 KN never exceed speed 250
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00100-00037384-00037857 km/h 155 miles per hour
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00101-00037858-00038674 135 KN in smooth air 200 km/h 110 km 120
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00102-00038675-00039211 miles per hour in rough air 180 km/h 97
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00103-00039212-00039489 km
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00104-00039490-00040339 a narrow toe 150 km/h 81 km/h launch
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00105-00040340-00040992 discus k 270 km/h 150 km/h
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00106-00040993-00041395 170 miles per hour G limits plus five
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00107-00041396-00041721 point three to two point six five discus
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00108-00041722-00042190 K plus 7/5 maximum glide ratio forty two
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00109-00042191-00043045 point two one at 100 km/h 54 km/h cos K
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00110-00043046-00043387 38 rate of sink zero point five nine
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00111-00043388-00043810 meters per second 116 feet per minute at
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00112-00043811-00044443 78 km/h 42 km/h miles per hour
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00113-00044444-00045335 discus K 16 pounds per square foot
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00114-00045336-00045929 topic see also
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00115-00045930-00046125 aircraft of comparable role
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00116-00046126-00046926 configuration and era slicker ASW 24 pz
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00117-00046927-00047652 l bielsko s CD 55 related lists list of
xhbPBSG5Mo8-00118-00047653-00047910 gliders
xi91bvFz_Z4-00000-00000179-00000519 [Music]
xi91bvFz_Z4-00001-00000520-00000655 hi everyone my name is teagan welcome
xi91bvFz_Z4-00002-00000656-00000774 back to tandy right today we're going to
xi91bvFz_Z4-00003-00000775-00000911 be talking about something that is very
xi91bvFz_Z4-00004-00000911-00001166 exciting and not least to me this is
xi91bvFz_Z4-00005-00001167-00001415 another um self-publishing process video
xi91bvFz_Z4-00006-00001416-00001511 so i don't know how many people care
xi91bvFz_Z4-00007-00001512-00001614 about this but this is something very
xi91bvFz_Z4-00008-00001616-00001839 exciting to me
xi91bvFz_Z4-00009-00001839-00002030 so i've recently been on a journey of
xi91bvFz_Z4-00010-00002032-00002271 trying to work out which online service
xi91bvFz_Z4-00011-00002272-00002359 is
xi91bvFz_Z4-00012-00002360-00002487 the best
xi91bvFz_Z4-00013-00002488-00002623 or at least the most accessible for
xi91bvFz_Z4-00014-00002624-00002879 authors for self-publishing i'll mention
xi91bvFz_Z4-00015-00002880-00002966 that this is specifically
xi91bvFz_Z4-00016-00002967-00003206 self-publishing hardbacks so i spent
xi91bvFz_Z4-00017-00003207-00003615 some time i started off on lulu.com
xi91bvFz_Z4-00018-00003615-00003799 which seemed to be like the most popular
xi91bvFz_Z4-00019-00003800-00004079 one that came up so they have
xi91bvFz_Z4-00020-00004079-00004263 they have these hardbacks
xi91bvFz_Z4-00021-00004264-00004519 they have both like this traditional
xi91bvFz_Z4-00022-00004520-00004711 like no linen jacket hardback and they
xi91bvFz_Z4-00023-00004712-00004886 also have
xi91bvFz_Z4-00024-00004887-00005095 linen jacket linen wrap they say and
xi91bvFz_Z4-00025-00005096-00005279 they also have ones that do have
xi91bvFz_Z4-00026-00005280-00005518 dust jackets which is fun
xi91bvFz_Z4-00027-00005519-00005695 but my thing about lulu is that they
xi91bvFz_Z4-00028-00005696-00005863 have very limited
xi91bvFz_Z4-00029-00005864-00006070 sorry i'm just covered in hair
xi91bvFz_Z4-00030-00006071-00006343 they have very limited size options for
xi91bvFz_Z4-00031-00006344-00006631 their books these are both
xi91bvFz_Z4-00032-00006631-00006887 six by nine inches which i believe is
xi91bvFz_Z4-00033-00006888-00007198 u.s trade sites uk trade size it's a
xi91bvFz_Z4-00034-00007200-00007319 little bit smaller and it's more like
xi91bvFz_Z4-00035-00007320-00007639 the traditional paperback size
xi91bvFz_Z4-00036-00007640-00007927 so i've been on a hunt trying to find
xi91bvFz_Z4-00037-00007928-00008174 a service that has
xi91bvFz_Z4-00038-00008175-00008367 first of all more size options second of
xi91bvFz_Z4-00039-00008368-00008695 all lulu hardbacks seem to
xi91bvFz_Z4-00040-00008696-00008935 um although there were low costs for
xi91bvFz_Z4-00041-00008936-00009206 ordering proof copies and author copies
xi91bvFz_Z4-00042-00009207-00009471 the cost for the reader to buy the book
xi91bvFz_Z4-00043-00009472-00009574 was
xi91bvFz_Z4-00044-00009575-00009935 not really high but a bit inaccessible
xi91bvFz_Z4-00045-00009936-00010039 when
xi91bvFz_Z4-00046-00010040-00010263 i know it can probably be done cheaper
xi91bvFz_Z4-00047-00010264-00010438 somewhere else
xi91bvFz_Z4-00048-00010439-00010671 and this is the case where i am i i
xi91bvFz_Z4-00049-00010672-00010823 don't really care about making a profit
xi91bvFz_Z4-00050-00010824-00010991 of these books because this this book in
xi91bvFz_Z4-00051-00010992-00011142 particular
xi91bvFz_Z4-00052-00011143-00011431 this one right here it came out in 2017.
xi91bvFz_Z4-00053-00011432-00011567 like i'm not making my money off this
xi91bvFz_Z4-00054-00011568-00011799 book so i was looking around and i've
xi91bvFz_Z4-00055-00011800-00012006 been waiting for
xi91bvFz_Z4-00056-00012007-00012319 years for amazon's kdp slash like
xi91bvFz_Z4-00057-00012320-00012527 creates these people create space i've
xi91bvFz_Z4-00058-00012528-00012695 been waiting for years for that service
xi91bvFz_Z4-00059-00012696-00012999 to release a hardback option and i don't
xi91bvFz_Z4-00060-00013000-00013166 know when this happened because although
xi91bvFz_Z4-00061-00013168-00013327 i do check this website very frequently
xi91bvFz_Z4-00062-00013328-00013558 because it's how i publish my ebooks and
xi91bvFz_Z4-00063-00013559-00013751 my paperbacks
xi91bvFz_Z4-00064-00013752-00013999 they have recently added
xi91bvFz_Z4-00065-00014000-00014335 the hardback option it's a beta like
xi91bvFz_Z4-00066-00014336-00014615 test version and it's like this kind of
xi91bvFz_Z4-00067-00014616-00014879 no dust jacket hardback
xi91bvFz_Z4-00068-00014880-00015127 so as much as i want to commit to
xi91bvFz_Z4-00069-00015128-00015471 boycotting amazon they just
xi91bvFz_Z4-00070-00015472-00015607 they're just the way to go for
xi91bvFz_Z4-00071-00015608-00015822 self-publishing at least for me it seems
xi91bvFz_Z4-00072-00015823-00015911 so
xi91bvFz_Z4-00073-00015912-00016111 this is a proof copy of the hardback so
xi91bvFz_Z4-00074-00016112-00016255 is that why i put my address on that
xi91bvFz_Z4-00075-00016256-00016383 [Music]
xi91bvFz_Z4-00076-00016384-00016535 this is a proof copy of the hardback so
xi91bvFz_Z4-00077-00016536-00016679 we're going to open up and have a look
xi91bvFz_Z4-00078-00016680-00016855 and see how this sits
xi91bvFz_Z4-00079-00016856-00017103 the box is open
xi91bvFz_Z4-00080-00017104-00017311 so okay
xi91bvFz_Z4-00081-00017312-00017407 this is
xi91bvFz_Z4-00082-00017408-00017599 this is thicker
xi91bvFz_Z4-00083-00017600-00017808 so first of all first impressions
xi91bvFz_Z4-00084-00017809-00017983 [Music]
xi91bvFz_Z4-00085-00017984-00018167 it is great
xi91bvFz_Z4-00086-00018168-00018271 especially compared to all the
xi91bvFz_Z4-00087-00018272-00018471 compressed sizes compared to the lulu
xi91bvFz_Z4-00088-00018472-00018630 one they are pretty much identical
xi91bvFz_Z4-00089-00018631-00018894 amazon also obviously has like their
xi91bvFz_Z4-00090-00018895-00018975 um
xi91bvFz_Z4-00091-00018976-00019179 proof copy thing going across but
xi91bvFz_Z4-00092-00019180-00019367 [Music]
xi91bvFz_Z4-00093-00019368-00019527 it is slightly smaller you can't really
xi91bvFz_Z4-00094-00019528-00019711 tell that much but it's it is a lot
xi91bvFz_Z4-00095-00019712-00019840 closer to
xi91bvFz_Z4-00096-00019841-00020047 [Music]
xi91bvFz_Z4-00097-00020048-00020255 it's a lot closer to uk size i don't
xi91bvFz_Z4-00098-00020256-00020439 remember what i think this is a5 i
xi91bvFz_Z4-00099-00020440-00020614 believe
xi91bvFz_Z4-00100-00020615-00020863 so looking at it if i compare
xi91bvFz_Z4-00101-00020864-00021086 to lulu because they are the exact same
xi91bvFz_Z4-00102-00021087-00021294 color
xi91bvFz_Z4-00103-00021295-00021486 and the amazon colors are a bit more
xi91bvFz_Z4-00104-00021487-00021919 washed out they're slightly less crisp
xi91bvFz_Z4-00105-00021920-00022239 like i kind of it's slightly washed out
xi91bvFz_Z4-00106-00022240-00022367 and you can see on the back that the
xi91bvFz_Z4-00107-00022368-00022567 text is kinda
xi91bvFz_Z4-00108-00022568-00022703 it's very nitpicky but it's kind of
xi91bvFz_Z4-00109-00022704-00022950 fuzzy around the edges
xi91bvFz_Z4-00110-00022951-00023167 but obviously because this is a smaller
xi91bvFz_Z4-00111-00023168-00023622 copy there are more pages so this is
xi91bvFz_Z4-00112-00023623-00023942 um noticeably thicker than this
xi91bvFz_Z4-00113-00023943-00024199 they do like just touching them and
xi91bvFz_Z4-00114-00024200-00024342 touching the pages they do just feel
xi91bvFz_Z4-00115-00024343-00024560 like similar quality
xi91bvFz_Z4-00116-00024561-00024678 [Music]
xi91bvFz_Z4-00117-00024679-00024894 i should say that the big thing about
xi91bvFz_Z4-00118-00024895-00024999 huddle
xi91bvFz_Z4-00119-00025000-00025207 getting proof copies is also really is
xi91bvFz_Z4-00120-00025208-00025471 just always really exciting but the big
xi91bvFz_Z4-00121-00025472-00025814 thing about the amazon ones is to
xi91bvFz_Z4-00122-00025816-00025983 if i put these up for sale these would
xi91bvFz_Z4-00123-00025983-00026118 be
xi91bvFz_Z4-00124-00026119-00026399 like minimum 20 something pounds
xi91bvFz_Z4-00125-00026400-00026646 and these start at 14 pounds
xi91bvFz_Z4-00126-00026647-00026935 which is um a lot more accessible for my
xi91bvFz_Z4-00127-00026936-00027046 audience
xi91bvFz_Z4-00128-00027047-00027231 um you're technically getting more pages
xi91bvFz_Z4-00129-00027232-00027446 out of because it's smaller
xi91bvFz_Z4-00130-00027447-00027655 and i it's a thing where i'm always torn
xi91bvFz_Z4-00131-00027656-00027870 because it's amazon
xi91bvFz_Z4-00132-00027872-00028151 and we do not like amazon
xi91bvFz_Z4-00133-00028152-00028374 but they just
xi91bvFz_Z4-00134-00028375-00028527 keep doing
xi91bvFz_Z4-00135-00028527-00028767 they have in my opinion for my needs
xi91bvFz_Z4-00136-00028768-00028918 they have a great self-publishing
xi91bvFz_Z4-00137-00028919-00029102 service
xi91bvFz_Z4-00138-00029104-00029318 that's very upsetting so this is just a
xi91bvFz_Z4-00139-00029319-00029487 very this isn't even a good review this
xi91bvFz_Z4-00140-00029488-00029702 is a rough review just because at the
xi91bvFz_Z4-00141-00029704-00029879 moment amazon also only offers this
xi91bvFz_Z4-00142-00029880-00030143 service but the service is in beta
xi91bvFz_Z4-00143-00030144-00030279 but basically what i'm saying is that
xi91bvFz_Z4-00144-00030280-00030462 these are pretty much the same they feel
xi91bvFz_Z4-00145-00030463-00030758 the same they feel the same quality
xi91bvFz_Z4-00146-00030760-00030855 which is
xi91bvFz_Z4-00147-00030856-00031062 i think surprisingly decent it's like
xi91bvFz_Z4-00148-00031063-00031183 the paperbacks that they're not
xi91bvFz_Z4-00149-00031183-00031295 obviously
xi91bvFz_Z4-00150-00031295-00031462 the best most expensive quality but
xi91bvFz_Z4-00151-00031463-00031662 they're pretty good the quality between
xi91bvFz_Z4-00152-00031663-00032118 them is pretty much identical amazon has
xi91bvFz_Z4-00153-00032119-00032374 there's a size comparison
xi91bvFz_Z4-00154-00032375-00032623 amazon has more sizing options for
xi91bvFz_Z4-00155-00032624-00032855 hardback they offer
xi91bvFz_Z4-00156-00032856-00032983 um
xi91bvFz_Z4-00157-00032984-00033190 the printing costs start out lower so
xi91bvFz_Z4-00158-00033191-00033318 you can
xi91bvFz_Z4-00159-00033319-00033527 obviously sell them for cheaper
xi91bvFz_Z4-00160-00033528-00033718 or you can make them the same price as
xi91bvFz_Z4-00161-00033719-00034023 these but make more profits
xi91bvFz_Z4-00162-00034024-00034174 and i think the final thing is that
xi91bvFz_Z4-00163-00034175-00034399 amazon it was easier for me to upload
xi91bvFz_Z4-00164-00034400-00034751 the interior pdf with the lulu ones
xi91bvFz_Z4-00165-00034752-00035015 it just didn't let me
xi91bvFz_Z4-00166-00035016-00035190 for a newer version not this version for
xi91bvFz_Z4-00167-00035191-00035327 a newer version of book it wouldn't let
xi91bvFz_Z4-00168-00035328-00035439 me because
xi91bvFz_Z4-00169-00035440-00035679 a font that i didn't actually use in the
xi91bvFz_Z4-00170-00035680-00035895 file wasn't embedded so it wouldn't let
xi91bvFz_Z4-00171-00035896-00036079 me whereas
xi91bvFz_Z4-00172-00036080-00036295 amazon just ignored that and it just
xi91bvFz_Z4-00173-00036296-00036479 invented it for me
xi91bvFz_Z4-00174-00036480-00036623 so i think the amazon surface is also a
xi91bvFz_Z4-00175-00036624-00036790 lot more accessible
xi91bvFz_Z4-00176-00036791-00036943 also it's great because it means that
xi91bvFz_Z4-00177-00036944-00037127 all my books will now be on one place
xi91bvFz_Z4-00178-00037128-00037302 and one account because if i went with
xi91bvFz_Z4-00179-00037303-00037462 lulu option
xi91bvFz_Z4-00180-00037463-00037702 i would have ebooks and paperbacks on
xi91bvFz_Z4-00181-00037703-00037983 amazon or on kdp specifically and then i
xi91bvFz_Z4-00182-00037984-00038174 would have the hardbacks on lulu whereas
xi91bvFz_Z4-00183-00038175-00038318 if i go this route
xi91bvFz_Z4-00184-00038319-00038543 i can have all my stuff in one place so
xi91bvFz_Z4-00185-00038544-00038718 i think that's a summary but if i'm
xi91bvFz_Z4-00186-00038719-00038986 basing with this i will probably
xi91bvFz_Z4-00187-00038987-00039102 [Music]
xi91bvFz_Z4-00188-00039103-00039283 i will probably keep
xi91bvFz_Z4-00189-00039284-00039511 pursuing self-publishing through amazon
xi91bvFz_Z4-00190-00039512-00039646 for hardbacks
xi91bvFz_Z4-00191-00039647-00039990 unless i specifically want a dust jacket
xi91bvFz_Z4-00192-00039991-00040199 version
xi91bvFz_Z4-00193-00040200-00040383 where
xi91bvFz_Z4-00194-00040384-00040583 i believe that lulu's the only option
xi91bvFz_Z4-00195-00040584-00040735 i've tried so far but it seems to be the
xi91bvFz_Z4-00196-00040736-00040902 most popular
xi91bvFz_Z4-00197-00040903-00041030 obviously not necessarily the best but
xi91bvFz_Z4-00198-00041031-00041230 it seems to be the most popular option
xi91bvFz_Z4-00199-00041231-00041455 i think in terms of
xi91bvFz_Z4-00200-00041456-00041623 accessibility
xi91bvFz_Z4-00201-00041624-00041911 sizing options price options amazon
xi91bvFz_Z4-00202-00041912-00042046 might
xi91bvFz_Z4-00203-00042047-00042279 again reign supreme
xi91bvFz_Z4-00204-00042280-00042569 oh again i want to be sad but
xi91bvFz_Z4-00205-00042570-00042687 [Music]
xi91bvFz_Z4-00206-00042688-00042862 it just happens to be the most
xi91bvFz_Z4-00207-00042863-00043046 convenient thing for me so it's like i
xi91bvFz_Z4-00208-00043047-00043271 can either continue boycotting amazon or
xi91bvFz_Z4-00209-00043272-00043430 i can continue pursuing a
xi91bvFz_Z4-00210-00043431-00043702 self-publishing career
xi91bvFz_Z4-00211-00043703-00043887 which is
xi91bvFz_Z4-00212-00043888-00044095 i think i like my big dilemma
xi91bvFz_Z4-00213-00044096-00044215 anyway that's all i have to say about
xi91bvFz_Z4-00214-00044216-00044383 this just a rough video because the
xi91bvFz_Z4-00215-00044384-00044590 service is still pretty new it has it's
xi91bvFz_Z4-00216-00044591-00044767 the same way you set up ebooks and
xi91bvFz_Z4-00217-00044768-00044943 paperbacks so there's nothing new to
xi91bvFz_Z4-00218-00044944-00045215 talk about in regards to that
xi91bvFz_Z4-00219-00045216-00045343 it's just
xi91bvFz_Z4-00220-00045344-00045590 oh the other thing they have less sizing
xi91bvFz_Z4-00221-00045591-00045767 options than
xi91bvFz_Z4-00222-00045768-00045918 the paperbacks
xi91bvFz_Z4-00223-00045919-00046118 so you you also can't do like square
xi91bvFz_Z4-00224-00046119-00046295 hardbacks like if i wanted to
xi91bvFz_Z4-00225-00046296-00046543 self-publish my photography book i
xi91bvFz_Z4-00226-00046544-00046671 wouldn't be able to do it through this
xi91bvFz_Z4-00227-00046672-00046839 surface yet
xi91bvFz_Z4-00228-00046840-00047174 obviously it's still a very new thing
xi91bvFz_Z4-00229-00047175-00047399 and this is just this is
xi91bvFz_Z4-00230-00047400-00047599 this is early stages
xi91bvFz_Z4-00231-00047600-00047918 i hope that they will um add like dust
xi91bvFz_Z4-00232-00047919-00048111 jacket options in the future
xi91bvFz_Z4-00233-00048112-00048374 but see this is a very good start
xi91bvFz_Z4-00234-00048375-00048671 and it is the same if not slightly
xi91bvFz_Z4-00235-00048672-00048807 better quality than something that's
xi91bvFz_Z4-00236-00048808-00049015 been around for a lot longer that's all
xi91bvFz_Z4-00237-00049016-00049255 i have to say on that i just i really
xi91bvFz_Z4-00238-00049256-00049455 love having physical copies of my book
xi91bvFz_Z4-00239-00049456-00049607 it makes me
xi91bvFz_Z4-00240-00049608-00049679 because think about being a
xi91bvFz_Z4-00241-00049680-00049886 self-published author is that you don't
xi91bvFz_Z4-00242-00049887-00050086 have like the big author experiences
xi91bvFz_Z4-00243-00050087-00050415 book launches and a fan base and any
xi91bvFz_Z4-00244-00050416-00050646 kind of engagement with the book so the
xi91bvFz_Z4-00245-00050647-00050799 one thing that i do get that everyone
xi91bvFz_Z4-00246-00050800-00051055 else gets is just having a physical copy
xi91bvFz_Z4-00247-00051056-00051407 and that's exciting anytime
xi91bvFz_Z4-00248-00051408-00051599 okay so that is all i have to say for
xi91bvFz_Z4-00249-00051600-00051782 that thank you for watching i hope to
xi91bvFz_Z4-00250-00051783-00051911 see you next time
xi91bvFz_Z4-00251-00051912-00052183 bye
xkjCewLEFHE-00000-00000008-00000355 what sir I wanted to record a quick vlog
xkjCewLEFHE-00001-00000356-00000716 I'm gonna I'm waiting at the airport
xkjCewLEFHE-00002-00000717-00001091 right now and I'm a bit early because I
xkjCewLEFHE-00003-00001092-00001241 Nastasia told me I should come early so
xkjCewLEFHE-00004-00001242-00001453 now my flight is departing I think three
xkjCewLEFHE-00005-00001454-00001688 hours so check-in hasn't even started
xkjCewLEFHE-00006-00001689-00002110 yet so I have some time but I wanted to
xkjCewLEFHE-00007-00002111-00002375 share especially a podcast which are
xkjCewLEFHE-00008-00002376-00002692 listened to yesterday on the drive to
xkjCewLEFHE-00009-00002693-00002935 Berlin and I haven't you bought favorite
xkjCewLEFHE-00010-00002936-00003010 podcast
xkjCewLEFHE-00011-00003011-00003235 I think it's called Conan O'Brien needs
xkjCewLEFHE-00012-00003236-00003431 a friend or once a friend or something
xkjCewLEFHE-00013-00003432-00003617 like that and it's hosted by Conan
xkjCewLEFHE-00014-00003618-00003997 O'Brien and he basically has around like
xkjCewLEFHE-00015-00003998-00004313 one hour conversations with with friends
xkjCewLEFHE-00016-00004314-00004583 of his but mostly like people I guess
xkjCewLEFHE-00017-00004584-00004806 that he met before and then he has like
xkjCewLEFHE-00018-00004807-00005066 spent time throughout his career but
xkjCewLEFHE-00019-00005067-00005234 never really you know established a
xkjCewLEFHE-00020-00005235-00005431 friendship with and like show business
xkjCewLEFHE-00021-00005432-00005861 and they're really fascinating because
xkjCewLEFHE-00022-00005862-00006200 one Conan O'Brien is just funny I mean
xkjCewLEFHE-00023-00006201-00006436 to me he's funny really funny and yes
xkjCewLEFHE-00024-00006437-00006650 other other really funny people on there
xkjCewLEFHE-00025-00006651-00007151 I mean like Ben Stiller and and Jimmy
xkjCewLEFHE-00026-00007152-00007534 Kimmel and a bunch of other comedians so
xkjCewLEFHE-00027-00007536-00007771 but they're not trying to be funny like
xkjCewLEFHE-00028-00007772-00007978 it's not a skit you know because most of
xkjCewLEFHE-00029-00007979-00008159 the things that he puts out are you know
xkjCewLEFHE-00030-00008159-00008438 comedy so it's with the purpose of it
xkjCewLEFHE-00031-00008439-00008692 making you laugh there they just have a
xkjCewLEFHE-00032-00008693-00008951 conversation but it's also still funny
xkjCewLEFHE-00033-00008952-00009283 because you know he has funny people on
xkjCewLEFHE-00034-00009284-00009563 there just often very like real and
xkjCewLEFHE-00035-00009564-00009889 human conversations and for me I listen
xkjCewLEFHE-00036-00009890-00010135 to them also to kind of get a better
xkjCewLEFHE-00037-00010136-00010564 understanding of you know the actual
xkjCewLEFHE-00038-00010565-00010877 kind of human side of you know being
xkjCewLEFHE-00039-00010878-00011092 successful and being in the show light
xkjCewLEFHE-00040-00011093-00011348 and having haven't made it to like this
xkjCewLEFHE-00041-00011349-00011534 point where millions of people know
xkjCewLEFHE-00042-00011535-00011935 about you and he hadn't yesterday I
xkjCewLEFHE-00043-00011936-00012121 listen to an episode with Jimmy Kimmel
xkjCewLEFHE-00044-00012122-00012649 who's also a late-night show host and
xkjCewLEFHE-00045-00012650-00012863 like one thing that's really fascinating
xkjCewLEFHE-00046-00012863-00013038 to me is like the amount of
xkjCewLEFHE-00047-00013039-00013275 that they put in there it's like little
xkjCewLEFHE-00048-00013276-00013552 every day in the week Monday through
xkjCewLEFHE-00049-00013553-00013786 Friday at Friday they have to put up a
xkjCewLEFHE-00050-00013787-00014022 show a late night show with guests and
xkjCewLEFHE-00051-00014023-00014266 with a script and with skits and you
xkjCewLEFHE-00052-00014266-00014514 know entertain people and so there's not
xkjCewLEFHE-00053-00014515-00014677 a lot of time I mean like literally
xkjCewLEFHE-00054-00014678-00014827 every day they have to put that together
xkjCewLEFHE-00055-00014828-00015025 and so there every day they're just
xkjCewLEFHE-00056-00015026-00015303 scraping it together and to me it was
xkjCewLEFHE-00057-00015304-00015493 really fascinating because it seemed
xkjCewLEFHE-00058-00015494-00016147 like Jimmy Kimmel is you know it felt a
xkjCewLEFHE-00059-00016147-00016419 bit as if he's very lonely you know
xkjCewLEFHE-00060-00016420-00016747 because like you you like he talked
xkjCewLEFHE-00061-00016748-00016994 about how he really enjoys like cooking
xkjCewLEFHE-00062-00016995-00017275 but he didn't have the time for it you
xkjCewLEFHE-00063-00017276-00017772 know and how you know that's just always
xkjCewLEFHE-00064-00017773-00018061 this pressure of creating a new show
xkjCewLEFHE-00065-00018062-00018271 every single day and even once you
xkjCewLEFHE-00066-00018272-00018541 created it once you like put in all the
xkjCewLEFHE-00067-00018542-00018714 work and you create it and you created
xkjCewLEFHE-00068-00018715-00018903 the skits and you have something funny
xkjCewLEFHE-00069-00018904-00019047 and you have good guess and like
xkjCewLEFHE-00070-00019048-00019372 everything went fine goes fine like it's
xkjCewLEFHE-00071-00019373-00019584 gone you know it's like one show that
xkjCewLEFHE-00072-00019585-00019765 airs every night so once you put it out
xkjCewLEFHE-00073-00019766-00019915 it's gone like you don't have a product
xkjCewLEFHE-00074-00019916-00020143 afterwards that you can like hold on to
xkjCewLEFHE-00075-00020144-00020430 and like show for and it just resets and
xkjCewLEFHE-00076-00020431-00020599 you gotta start from zero again and it's
xkjCewLEFHE-00077-00020600-00020896 just this grind which seemed to really
xkjCewLEFHE-00078-00020897-00021330 take a toll on on Jimmy Kimmel and he
xkjCewLEFHE-00079-00021331-00021519 actually talked about the idea of you
xkjCewLEFHE-00080-00021520-00021750 know stop doing what he's doing and just
xkjCewLEFHE-00081-00021751-00021906 you know stop being a late-night hose
xkjCewLEFHE-00082-00021907-00022083 and just explore other things and you
xkjCewLEFHE-00083-00022084-00022358 know maybe cook more and you know just
xkjCewLEFHE-00084-00022359-00022590 do what he does I mean he has enough
xkjCewLEFHE-00085-00022591-00022833 money right now right like he's he's
xkjCewLEFHE-00086-00022834-00022975 well off by now
xkjCewLEFHE-00087-00022976-00023236 but he also shares that you know it's
xkjCewLEFHE-00088-00023237-00023599 just it's scary because it's like now
xkjCewLEFHE-00089-00023600-00023790 you're you know you're one of the most
xkjCewLEFHE-00090-00023791-00024150 influential people in in the United
xkjCewLEFHE-00091-00024151-00024343 States of America like every night you
xkjCewLEFHE-00092-00024344-00024580 have millions of people watching your
xkjCewLEFHE-00093-00024581-00024897 show and so you're like you know you're
xkjCewLEFHE-00094-00024898-00025134 all the way up there you know and then
xkjCewLEFHE-00095-00025135-00025293 he's like if I stop like what's gonna
xkjCewLEFHE-00096-00025294-00025399 happen you know
xkjCewLEFHE-00097-00025400-00025569 if I'm gonna fall into this hole and
xkjCewLEFHE-00098-00025570-00025758 suddenly don't know what to do with my
xkjCewLEFHE-00099-00025759-00025989 life anymore you know do I find another
xkjCewLEFHE-00100-00025990-00026289 thing like it's just scary plunging into
xkjCewLEFHE-00101-00026290-00026372 that
xkjCewLEFHE-00102-00026373-00026570 you know saying you know I don't want to
xkjCewLEFHE-00103-00026570-00026729 do this anymore but I also don't know
xkjCewLEFHE-00104-00026730-00027151 what I want to do and that was just very
xkjCewLEFHE-00105-00027152-00027581 human he also shared that the moment he
xkjCewLEFHE-00106-00027582-00027808 got the late-night show for the first
xkjCewLEFHE-00107-00027810-00028108 time it was a radio host before and then
xkjCewLEFHE-00108-00028108-00028789 I forgot which channel he's on CNBC or
xkjCewLEFHE-00109-00028791-00029068 something NBC I have actually zero clue
xkjCewLEFHE-00110-00029069-00029285 that they gave from the show you know
xkjCewLEFHE-00111-00029286-00029468 it's this massive success you know
xkjCewLEFHE-00112-00029469-00029726 suddenly go you go from a radio host to
xkjCewLEFHE-00113-00029727-00030127 now hosting one of the biggest and
xkjCewLEFHE-00114-00030127-00030452 prestigious shows in American television
xkjCewLEFHE-00115-00030452-00030656 with hundreds of thousands and millions
xkjCewLEFHE-00116-00030657-00031157 of watches every single night and he
xkjCewLEFHE-00117-00031158-00031427 shared how the first eight months was
xkjCewLEFHE-00118-00031427-00031682 just complete hell for him you know it
xkjCewLEFHE-00119-00031683-00031937 was so stressful he wasn't happy he
xkjCewLEFHE-00120-00031938-00032152 thought he was failing the channel was
xkjCewLEFHE-00121-00032154-00032312 putting pressure on him telling him that
xkjCewLEFHE-00122-00032313-00032504 they have a replacement for him already
xkjCewLEFHE-00123-00032505-00032834 waiting in case you know as soon as he
xkjCewLEFHE-00124-00032835-00033104 like you know trips and does something
xkjCewLEFHE-00125-00033105-00033392 wrong and it was just hell for him so
xkjCewLEFHE-00126-00033393-00033727 much work so much pressure no fun at all
xkjCewLEFHE-00127-00033728-00033998 so many expectations but from the
xkjCewLEFHE-00128-00033999-00034289 outside you know it's like he made it
xkjCewLEFHE-00129-00034290-00034493 it's like it should have been at the
xkjCewLEFHE-00130-00034494-00034676 time of his life because now he's
xkjCewLEFHE-00131-00034677-00035012 suddenly you know he made it so it's
xkjCewLEFHE-00132-00035013-00035434 very interesting to learn about this and
xkjCewLEFHE-00133-00035435-00035672 and yeah it also put me in a very
xkjCewLEFHE-00134-00035673-00035852 interesting mood like yesterday I was
xkjCewLEFHE-00135-00035853-00036470 just in such a great state of mind I was
xkjCewLEFHE-00136-00036471-00036692 so focused and it almost was like
xkjCewLEFHE-00137-00036693-00037079 meditative you know for for the bus ride
xkjCewLEFHE-00138-00037080-00037244 when I drove to Berlin for
xkjCewLEFHE-00139-00037245-00037433 five-and-a-half hours and then
xkjCewLEFHE-00140-00037434-00037856 afterwards I was just very present and
xkjCewLEFHE-00141-00037857-00038162 was almost blissful that was so fun I
xkjCewLEFHE-00142-00038163-00038396 was just sitting sitting there like
xkjCewLEFHE-00143-00038397-00038573 thoughts were coming in and I was
xkjCewLEFHE-00144-00038574-00038720 posting so much on Instagram yesterday
xkjCewLEFHE-00145-00038721-00039005 like random thoughts that I had and it
xkjCewLEFHE-00146-00039006-00039191 was just fun and I wrote them down and
xkjCewLEFHE-00147-00039192-00039458 they're useful to me and
xkjCewLEFHE-00148-00039459-00040018 you know it it almost like felt like
xkjCewLEFHE-00149-00040019-00040280 it's like I want to make I want to
xkjCewLEFHE-00150-00040281-00040472 figure out how I can facilitate it kind
xkjCewLEFHE-00151-00040473-00040655 of like that state of mind more because
xkjCewLEFHE-00152-00040656-00040994 it was just it was fun it was just very
xkjCewLEFHE-00153-00040995-00041531 present and focused I you know original
xkjCewLEFHE-00154-00041532-00041735 thought just like came up from I don't
xkjCewLEFHE-00155-00041736-00042722 know where and and and yeah and I don't
xkjCewLEFHE-00156-00042723-00043001 know exactly what it was I mean I think
xkjCewLEFHE-00157-00043002-00043181 it's always a combination of things you
xkjCewLEFHE-00158-00043182-00043462 know getting full nights of sleep and
xkjCewLEFHE-00159-00043463-00043709 fasting in the morning and you know
xkjCewLEFHE-00160-00043710-00043945 listening to something that really
xkjCewLEFHE-00161-00043946-00044330 inspired me with the podcast that I that
xkjCewLEFHE-00162-00044331-00044890 I just mentioned and and you know
xkjCewLEFHE-00163-00044891-00045107 probably the scenery change you know
xkjCewLEFHE-00164-00045108-00045302 sitting in a bus and seeing all the
xkjCewLEFHE-00165-00045303-00045707 scenery but yeah it was it was blissful
xkjCewLEFHE-00166-00045708-00046193 so I want to make sure that I notice you
xkjCewLEFHE-00167-00046194-00046394 know what were the outside factors that
xkjCewLEFHE-00168-00046395-00046634 maybe may or may may have not
xkjCewLEFHE-00169-00046635-00046844 contributed to putting me in that state
xkjCewLEFHE-00170-00046845-00047204 of mind so I can try to replicate but
xkjCewLEFHE-00171-00047205-00047276 yeah that's it
xkjCewLEFHE-00172-00047277-00047570 I just wanted to share that that's it
xkjCewLEFHE-00173-00047571-00047855 see you tomorrow in Belarus
xkjCewLEFHE-00174-00047856-00048521 in Belarus I do wake up when there's no
xkjCewLEFHE-00175-00048522-00048793 alarm to wake you up
xkjCewLEFHE-00176-00048794-00049130 seething breathing doing all the things
xkjCewLEFHE-00177-00049131-00049586 I hate about wine call this I just
xkjCewLEFHE-00178-00049587-00049845 wanna make it
xkjCewLEFHE-00179-00049846-00050183 [Music]
xnq6vMOEGbc-00000-00000172-00000421 hello and welcome to a very special week
xnq6vMOEGbc-00001-00000422-00000613 in tech on the sunny Mediterranean coast
xnq6vMOEGbc-00002-00000614-00000910 right here in Marseille the tech city
xnq6vMOEGbc-00003-00000911-00001099 news team are in town checking out one
xnq6vMOEGbc-00004-00001100-00001336 of France's hottest tech clusters find
xnq6vMOEGbc-00005-00001337-00001807 out more later in the show first it's
xnq6vMOEGbc-00006-00001807-00002023 time for our top tech investments this
xnq6vMOEGbc-00007-00002023-00002212 week online beauty marketplace will hand
xnq6vMOEGbc-00008-00002213-00002488 erase impressive 26 million u.s. dollars
xnq6vMOEGbc-00009-00002489-00002731 the london-based marketplace lets you
xnq6vMOEGbc-00010-00002732-00002887 book hair and beauty appointments online
xnq6vMOEGbc-00011-00002888-00003157 at over 6,000 hairdressers in sparse
xnq6vMOEGbc-00012-00003158-00003436 they also acquired German rival salim
xnq6vMOEGbc-00013-00003436-00003681 meister london-based quick week also
xnq6vMOEGbc-00014-00003682-00003963 raised three million dollars the event
xnq6vMOEGbc-00015-00003964-00004197 discovery and texting platform plans to
xnq6vMOEGbc-00016-00004198-00004338 launch in new york and some more
xnq6vMOEGbc-00017-00004339-00004598 european cities by the end of this year
xnq6vMOEGbc-00018-00004599-00004845 we're in Marseille for the French tech
xnq6vMOEGbc-00019-00004846-00005043 week celebrating the best of digital
xnq6vMOEGbc-00020-00005044-00005277 from across Provence thousands of people
xnq6vMOEGbc-00021-00005278-00005416 are in town for conferences and
xnq6vMOEGbc-00022-00005417-00005641 networking including the Marseille web
xnq6vMOEGbc-00023-00005642-00005827 fest one of the world's biggest events
xnq6vMOEGbc-00024-00005828-00006072 for web video his Marseille deputy
xnq6vMOEGbc-00025-00006073-00006216 mayors of business explaining why this
xnq6vMOEGbc-00026-00006217-00006489 city is at the forefront of the future
xnq6vMOEGbc-00027-00006490-00006798 for films more than formed with movies
xnq6vMOEGbc-00028-00006800-00006964 take place in Marseille every year
xnq6vMOEGbc-00029-00006965-00007252 Netflix then we launched a new series
xnq6vMOEGbc-00030-00007253-00007447 called Marseille the first time in
xnq6vMOEGbc-00031-00007448-00007633 Europe and we are very pleased to add
xnq6vMOEGbc-00032-00007634-00007845 this series taking place in Marseille
xnq6vMOEGbc-00033-00007847-00008106 the city is also celebrating the 10th
xnq6vMOEGbc-00034-00008108-00008353 anniversary of its media park a former
xnq6vMOEGbc-00035-00008354-00008584 industrial area reimagined as a home for
xnq6vMOEGbc-00036-00008585-00008836 over a hundred digital businesses we met
xnq6vMOEGbc-00037-00008837-00008971 with some of the most exciting
xnq6vMOEGbc-00038-00008972-00009190 up-and-coming startups look out for the
xnq6vMOEGbc-00039-00009191-00009457 report in our next print magazine over
xnq6vMOEGbc-00040-00009458-00009673 in the US google gave us a sweet taste
xnq6vMOEGbc-00041-00009674-00009976 of the next android after rumors swirled
xnq6vMOEGbc-00042-00009977-00010177 across the web we can finally reveal the
xnq6vMOEGbc-00043-00010178-00010351 latest incarnation will be known as
xnq6vMOEGbc-00044-00010352-00010576 lollipop but most of the changes are
xnq6vMOEGbc-00045-00010577-00010717 only skin deep with a new look
xnq6vMOEGbc-00046-00010718-00010858 throughout that google's calling
xnq6vMOEGbc-00047-00010859-00010988 material design
xnq6vMOEGbc-00048-00010989-00011234 you can get the latest update in just a
xnq6vMOEGbc-00049-00011235-00011507 couple of weeks time our download of the
xnq6vMOEGbc-00050-00011508-00011699 week is very last room a homegrown
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xnq6vMOEGbc-00052-00011886-00012139 Marseille this easy-to-use app gives you
xnq6vMOEGbc-00053-00012140-00012371 access to last minute deals on 2,000
xnq6vMOEGbc-00054-00012372-00012665 hotels across France Spain and Belgium
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xnq6vMOEGbc-00057-00013074-00013265 to eighty percent download for free
xnq6vMOEGbc-00058-00013266-00013622 today on iOS and Android and finally we
xnq6vMOEGbc-00059-00013622-00013796 had some shocking news this week as
xnq6vMOEGbc-00060-00013797-00014009 scientists discovered the first case of
xnq6vMOEGbc-00061-00014010-00014294 Internet addiction from google glass the
xnq6vMOEGbc-00062-00014294-00014450 patient suffered withdrawal symptoms
xnq6vMOEGbc-00063-00014451-00014681 from his wearable computer without his
xnq6vMOEGbc-00064-00014682-00014869 google glass he became irritable and
xnq6vMOEGbc-00065-00014870-00015125 emotional but after 35 days of treatment
xnq6vMOEGbc-00066-00015126-00015383 doctors say he's cured this has been
xnq6vMOEGbc-00067-00015384-00015569 your special we can take from Marseille
xnq6vMOEGbc-00068-00015569-00015794 for more checkout sexily news and follow
xnq6vMOEGbc-00069-00015794-00016063 us on twitter
yorv7Cjuq7k-00000-00000031-00000326 hello everyone Thank You Rebecca for
yorv7Cjuq7k-00001-00000327-00000601 that warm and kind introduction I also
yorv7Cjuq7k-00002-00000602-00000749 want to acknowledge a few people who are
yorv7Cjuq7k-00003-00000750-00000904 here with us today we've got mayor
yorv7Cjuq7k-00004-00000905-00001141 Robertson and Alex gallo and Jesse
yorv7Cjuq7k-00005-00001142-00001399 Doherty from Amazon also got my two dear
yorv7Cjuq7k-00006-00001400-00001474 friends
yorv7Cjuq7k-00007-00001475-00001757 dr. Hedy fry and Terry Beach from our
yorv7Cjuq7k-00008-00001757-00001942 federal Liberal caucus here thank you
yorv7Cjuq7k-00009-00001943-00002180 all for being here it's so great for me
yorv7Cjuq7k-00010-00002181-00002398 to be back home in Vancouver and
yorv7Cjuq7k-00011-00002399-00002750 particularly great for this exciting
yorv7Cjuq7k-00012-00002751-00002939 announcement here today for Amazon in
yorv7Cjuq7k-00013-00002940-00003217 Canada for years now Amazon have been
yorv7Cjuq7k-00014-00003218-00003383 growing across the country something
yorv7Cjuq7k-00015-00003384-00003599 I've actually witnessed many times as
yorv7Cjuq7k-00016-00003600-00003904 Prime Minister less than two years ago I
yorv7Cjuq7k-00017-00003905-00004076 was in Brampton to celebrate the launch
yorv7Cjuq7k-00018-00004077-00004288 of the Amazon Fulfillment Center and
yorv7Cjuq7k-00019-00004289-00004526 last November our government welcomed
yorv7Cjuq7k-00020-00004527-00004724 the news at Amazon would add a thousand
yorv7Cjuq7k-00021-00004725-00005011 jobs right here in Vancouver over that
yorv7Cjuq7k-00022-00005012-00005227 span Amazon also opened its first
yorv7Cjuq7k-00023-00005228-00005545 Canadian data center in Montreal and yet
yorv7Cjuq7k-00024-00005546-00005704 another fulfillment and distribution
yorv7Cjuq7k-00025-00005705-00006109 center in Bhavik Alberta now there are
yorv7Cjuq7k-00026-00006110-00006338 many reasons why industry giants like
yorv7Cjuq7k-00027-00006339-00006617 Amazon choose to settle and grow in
yorv7Cjuq7k-00028-00006618-00006937 Canada our workforce is highly educated
yorv7Cjuq7k-00029-00006938-00007301 skilled and diverse folks across the
yorv7Cjuq7k-00030-00007302-00007505 country are ready to take on the jobs of
yorv7Cjuq7k-00031-00007506-00007756 tomorrow and help companies like yours
yorv7Cjuq7k-00032-00007758-00008092 shape the future a future where
yorv7Cjuq7k-00033-00008093-00008389 innovation drives economic growth and
yorv7Cjuq7k-00034-00008390-00008612 helps improve the lives of middle-class
yorv7Cjuq7k-00035-00008613-00008828 Canadians and people working hard to
yorv7Cjuq7k-00036-00008829-00009235 join it deeply rooted Shema jettison Evo
yorv7Cjuq7k-00037-00009236-00009602 de prueba de piedra caihong on FAL vo
yorv7Cjuq7k-00038-00009603-00009946 system in Canadian de plus on turnip
yorv7Cjuq7k-00039-00009947-00010103 rosary papa
yorv7Cjuq7k-00040-00010104-00010460 yes Irma eurozone Yoda melody set the
yorv7Cjuq7k-00041-00010461-00010621 economy Canadian on resist rail
yorv7Cjuq7k-00042-00010622-00010992 equations the Pew rapid family PGG said
yorv7Cjuq7k-00043-00010993-00011327 grave Sinatra clima Davis is man stabbed
yorv7Cjuq7k-00044-00011328-00011531 off a blue code exploitation
yorv7Cjuq7k-00045-00011532-00011767 entrepreneur Canada and not resistant
yorv7Cjuq7k-00046-00011768-00012026 banker sang the central please come
yorv7Cjuq7k-00047-00012027-00012359 Amazon save canvas 0 Canada a dark tan
yorv7Cjuq7k-00048-00012360-00012695 on Canadian H indecision be a possible
yorv7Cjuq7k-00049-00012696-00013004 Avenue but have up above all I think
yorv7Cjuq7k-00050-00013005-00013276 Canadians also believe that every
yorv7Cjuq7k-00051-00013277-00013672 day is day one generations of innovators
yorv7Cjuq7k-00052-00013672-00013933 thinkers and hard workers have made
yorv7Cjuq7k-00053-00013934-00014238 Canada what it is today a country where
yorv7Cjuq7k-00054-00014240-00014527 new ideas are welcomed talent thrives
yorv7Cjuq7k-00055-00014528-00014974 and creativity flourishes our cities our
yorv7Cjuq7k-00056-00014975-00015277 homes to our home to countless artists
yorv7Cjuq7k-00057-00015278-00015481 innovators students and young
yorv7Cjuq7k-00058-00015482-00015640 professionals who have made our
yorv7Cjuq7k-00059-00015641-00015826 communities not only great places to
yorv7Cjuq7k-00060-00015827-00016077 work but to live
yorv7Cjuq7k-00061-00016078-00016390 Canadians share your passion for
yorv7Cjuq7k-00062-00016391-00016561 invention and your commitment to
yorv7Cjuq7k-00063-00016562-00016756 excellence and that's why we're so
yorv7Cjuq7k-00064-00016757-00017008 excited to see Amazon growing right here
yorv7Cjuq7k-00065-00017009-00017305 in Vancouver today the government
yorv7Cjuq7k-00066-00017306-00017656 welcomes Amazon's decision to add 3,000
yorv7Cjuq7k-00067-00017657-00017959 good jobs to the downtown office which
yorv7Cjuq7k-00068-00017960-00018208 will expand into a brand new location in
yorv7Cjuq7k-00069-00018209-00018519 quadrilles the post redevelopment in
yorv7Cjuq7k-00070-00018520-00018892 2022 they're here
yorv7Cjuq7k-00071-00018893-00019156 new employees will join the Vancouver
yorv7Cjuq7k-00072-00019157-00019306 team and help build products and
yorv7Cjuq7k-00073-00019307-00019554 services to be useful around the world
yorv7Cjuq7k-00074-00019555-00019786 this is great news for Canadian
yorv7Cjuq7k-00075-00019787-00019978 professionals who are looking for new
yorv7Cjuq7k-00076-00019979-00020233 markets and new challenges or students
yorv7Cjuq7k-00077-00020234-00020446 who are ready to enter that job market
yorv7Cjuq7k-00078-00020447-00020716 and on that last point I want to
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yoCRZfR74pE-00000-00000010-00000312 the inner Niger Delta also known as the
yoCRZfR74pE-00001-00000313-00000511 machina or Messina is the inland Delta
yoCRZfR74pE-00002-00000512-00000774 of the Niger River it is an area of
yoCRZfR74pE-00003-00000775-00001008 fluvial wetlands lakes and floodplains
yoCRZfR74pE-00004-00001009-00001233 in the semi-arid Sahel area of central
yoCRZfR74pE-00005-00001234-00001737 Mali just south of the Sahara Desert
yoCRZfR74pE-00006-00001738-00002325 topic location and description
yoCRZfR74pE-00007-00002326-00002670 topic the Delta consists of the middle
yoCRZfR74pE-00008-00002671-00002850 course of the Niger River between the
yoCRZfR74pE-00009-00002851-00003075 bifurcated Niger and its tributary the
yoCRZfR74pE-00010-00003076-00003276 Bonnie which from here run north towards
yoCRZfR74pE-00011-00003277-00003528 the desert the Niger is the longest
yoCRZfR74pE-00012-00003529-00003786 river in West Africa towns such as the
yoCRZfR74pE-00013-00003786-00004022 river port of mopti severe a and Jenay
yoCRZfR74pE-00014-00004023-00004221 with its mud-brick Great Mosque lie in
yoCRZfR74pE-00015-00004222-00004581 the 400 km long region the Fulani and
yoCRZfR74pE-00016-00004582-00004800 Dogon inhabit the macina region in the
yoCRZfR74pE-00017-00004801-00005018 surrounding area which has a population
yoCRZfR74pE-00018-00005019-00005318 of over 500,000 most of the year the
yoCRZfR74pE-00019-00005319-00005543 area has a hot and dry climate with hot
yoCRZfR74pE-00020-00005544-00005754 winds from the nearby Sahara raising the
yoCRZfR74pE-00021-00005755-00005971 temperature up to 40 degrees Celsius
yoCRZfR74pE-00022-00005972-00006249 during the wet season which lasts from
yoCRZfR74pE-00023-00006250-00006477 July to September but lasts longer the
yoCRZfR74pE-00024-00006478-00006681 further south one goes the swamp floods
yoCRZfR74pE-00025-00006681-00006876 into a lake and naturally irrigates the
yoCRZfR74pE-00026-00006877-00007152 land when the dry season comes the
yoCRZfR74pE-00027-00007153-00007362 macina turns into a network of lakes and
yoCRZfR74pE-00028-00007363-00007623 channels cattle pearl millet and rice
yoCRZfR74pE-00029-00007623-00007853 are its important agricultural products
yoCRZfR74pE-00030-00007854-00008153 the makkena inland Delta also provides
yoCRZfR74pE-00031-00008154-00008355 water and fish for the Malians living
yoCRZfR74pE-00032-00008356-00008505 there and during the wet season as a
yoCRZfR74pE-00033-00008506-00008832 haven for large numbers of birds due to
yoCRZfR74pE-00034-00008833-00009021 its proximity to the widening Sahel
yoCRZfR74pE-00035-00009022-00009207 there have been concerns that the macina
yoCRZfR74pE-00036-00009208-00009416 may be getting less rain every year in
yoCRZfR74pE-00037-00009417-00009654 the early 19th century
yoCRZfR74pE-00038-00009655-00009909 Saku Amadou founded a Massena empire in
yoCRZfR74pE-00039-00009910-00010095 the region building a capital at hemmed
yoCRZfR74pE-00040-00010096-00010470 allaha in 1820 the Messina fell to LH a
yoCRZfR74pE-00041-00010471-00010812 DJ Umar tall's two-color Empire in 1862
yoCRZfR74pE-00042-00010813-00011103 who in turn fell to the French army the
yoCRZfR74pE-00043-00011104-00011289 region became a part of the country of
yoCRZfR74pE-00044-00011290-00011831 Mali on its independence in 1960
yoCRZfR74pE-00045-00011832-00012352 topic ecology
yoCRZfR74pE-00046-00012353-00012718 topic the niger inland Delta lies in the
yoCRZfR74pE-00047-00012719-00012934 Sahelian zone and has an ecosystem that
yoCRZfR74pE-00048-00012935-00013119 is largely dependent on the amount of
yoCRZfR74pE-00049-00013120-00013330 flooding it receives precipitation in
yoCRZfR74pE-00050-00013331-00013519 the water basins of the upper course of
yoCRZfR74pE-00051-00013519-00013696 the Boni and Niger rivers makes for
yoCRZfR74pE-00052-00013697-00013941 rising water levels downstream the
yoCRZfR74pE-00053-00013943-00014163 rising water floods varying parts of the
yoCRZfR74pE-00054-00014165-00014371 low level delta area with the water rise
yoCRZfR74pE-00055-00014372-00014572 determined by the amount of rainfall in
yoCRZfR74pE-00056-00014572-00014854 upstream this in turn is influenced by
yoCRZfR74pE-00057-00014855-00014983 the northward movement of the
yoCRZfR74pE-00058-00014984-00015265 Intertropical Convergence zone a delay
yoCRZfR74pE-00059-00015266-00015436 exists between the peak amount of
yoCRZfR74pE-00060-00015437-00015628 precipitation and the maximum water
yoCRZfR74pE-00061-00015629-00015913 level in the inland Delta Area while the
yoCRZfR74pE-00062-00015913-00016111 wet season lasts three months from July
yoCRZfR74pE-00063-00016112-00016315 till September the western and southern
yoCRZfR74pE-00064-00016316-00016531 edges of the Delta area are not flooded
yoCRZfR74pE-00065-00016532-00016768 until early to mid October the
yoCRZfR74pE-00066-00016769-00016960 consequences that parts of the Delta are
yoCRZfR74pE-00067-00016961-00017134 flooded while the dry season is well
yoCRZfR74pE-00068-00017135-00017368 underway note that only the lowest
yoCRZfR74pE-00069-00017369-00017557 patches are flooded annually higher
yoCRZfR74pE-00070-00017558-00017743 elevations receive flooding and more
yoCRZfR74pE-00071-00017744-00017932 intermittent periods due to the changing
yoCRZfR74pE-00072-00017933-00018178 degrees of water level rises this
yoCRZfR74pE-00073-00018179-00018397 division in roughly three zones flooded
yoCRZfR74pE-00074-00018398-00018555 periodically flooded and not
yoCRZfR74pE-00075-00018556-00018775 periodically flooded makes for patches
yoCRZfR74pE-00076-00018776-00018940 that vary in their nature according to
yoCRZfR74pE-00077-00018941-00019153 their proximity to a main body water and
yoCRZfR74pE-00078-00019154-00019474 elevation in turn this strongly affects
yoCRZfR74pE-00079-00019475-00019699 land use in and around the inland Delta
yoCRZfR74pE-00080-00019700-00019939 as human impact is driven by agriculture
yoCRZfR74pE-00081-00019940-00020188 both irrigated and rain-fed grazing and
yoCRZfR74pE-00082-00020189-00020365 browsing of herds and flocks in the
yoCRZfR74pE-00083-00020366-00020518 collection of wood for fuel all
yoCRZfR74pE-00084-00020519-00021063 dependent on the availability of water
yoCRZfR74pE-00085-00021064-00021470 topic flora
yoCRZfR74pE-00086-00021471-00021818 topic the inland Delta forms a green
yoCRZfR74pE-00087-00021819-00022115 oasis in its semi-arid surroundings its
yoCRZfR74pE-00088-00022116-00022310 vegetation growth is limited by the
yoCRZfR74pE-00089-00022311-00022511 availability of water thus giving
yoCRZfR74pE-00090-00022512-00022724 patches more often or longer subject to
yoCRZfR74pE-00091-00022725-00022901 flooding a denser and more tree like
yoCRZfR74pE-00092-00022902-00023228 vegetation cover as said flooding cycles
yoCRZfR74pE-00093-00023229-00023450 follow the precipitation cycle the
yoCRZfR74pE-00094-00023451-00023702 vegetation cycle in its turn follows the
yoCRZfR74pE-00095-00023703-00023897 flooding cycle with a certain delay it
yoCRZfR74pE-00096-00023898-00024089 takes days for grasses to germinate
yoCRZfR74pE-00097-00024090-00024281 after flooding but months before trees
yoCRZfR74pE-00098-00024282-00024491 die of a lack of water when floodwater
yoCRZfR74pE-00099-00024492-00024722 has once again receded when classifying
yoCRZfR74pE-00100-00024723-00024935 vegetation in a grass shrub and tree
yoCRZfR74pE-00101-00024936-00025226 layer up to 80% of vegetation cover in
yoCRZfR74pE-00102-00025227-00025520 the Sahel consists of grass in the Delta
yoCRZfR74pE-00103-00025521-00025714 area however water is more readily
yoCRZfR74pE-00104-00025716-00025913 available and a larger proportion of
yoCRZfR74pE-00105-00025914-00026200 cover consists of bushes and trees
yoCRZfR74pE-00106-00026201-00026464 vegetation cover itself changes as well
yoCRZfR74pE-00107-00026466-00026741 reaching 100% during and shortly after
yoCRZfR74pE-00108-00026742-00027032 the flood season only low-lying patches
yoCRZfR74pE-00109-00027033-00027214 near a persistent water body are
yoCRZfR74pE-00110-00027216-00027419 vegetated year round the area is not
yoCRZfR74pE-00111-00027420-00027677 uniform according to relief proximity to
yoCRZfR74pE-00112-00027677-00027863 a water body and soil type different
yoCRZfR74pE-00113-00027864-00028193 species exist roughly three regions with
yoCRZfR74pE-00114-00028194-00028432 characteristic species can be discerned
yoCRZfR74pE-00115-00028433-00028694 southern Delta the low-lying floodplains
yoCRZfR74pE-00116-00028695-00028904 can sustain aquatic plants and grasses
yoCRZfR74pE-00117-00028905-00029129 including the grasses across eras and
yoCRZfR74pE-00118-00029130-00029306 lectins and a kind of kahlúa pyramid
yoCRZfR74pE-00119-00029307-00029510 Alice burgoo millet a kind of glow as
yoCRZfR74pE-00120-00029511-00029699 stag Nina and the love grass era grouse
yoCRZfR74pE-00121-00029700-00029999 this attributes outer fringes the
yoCRZfR74pE-00122-00030000-00030137 grasslands on the edges of the
yoCRZfR74pE-00123-00030138-00030439 watercourses are heavily grazed plants
yoCRZfR74pE-00124-00030441-00030611 include the beard grass Andrew pagana
yoCRZfR74pE-00125-00030612-00030848 gayness durva grass sign it and act Alon
yoCRZfR74pE-00126-00030849-00031049 and the thatching grass hyperemia de
yoCRZfR74pE-00127-00031050-00031298 Saluda along the many watercourses
yoCRZfR74pE-00128-00031299-00031535 mimosa ash Parata and Salix chavalier
yoCRZfR74pE-00129-00031536-00031712 grow above a cypress maculatus
yoCRZfR74pE-00130-00031713-00032051 understory northern Delta characterized
yoCRZfR74pE-00131-00032052-00032264 by emergent sand ridges which sustain
yoCRZfR74pE-00132-00032264-00032513 the palm trees - the Baker and Boris is
yoCRZfR74pE-00133-00032514-00032762 ethiop um the gum arabic tree occasional
yoCRZfR74pE-00134-00032763-00033032 odigo waria senegal ANSYS mimosa ass
yoCRZfR74pE-00135-00033033-00033551 parada and ziziphus morena
yoCRZfR74pE-00136-00033552-00033961 topic vana
yoCRZfR74pE-00137-00033962-00034309 topic the Delta is home to birds in
yoCRZfR74pE-00138-00034310-00034489 large numbers including hundreds of
yoCRZfR74pE-00139-00034490-00034648 thousands of wintering Gargan EES
yoCRZfR74pE-00140-00034649-00034867 pintails and ruffs and breeding colonies
yoCRZfR74pE-00141-00034868-00035101 of cormorant heron spoonbill ibis and
yoCRZfR74pE-00142-00035102-00035251 other water birds including the
yoCRZfR74pE-00143-00035252-00035458 endangered West African subspecies of
yoCRZfR74pE-00144-00035459-00035680 Black crowned crane Bali Erica Pavoni
yoCRZfR74pE-00145-00035681-00035962 Napa Vanina most large mammals have been
yoCRZfR74pE-00146-00035963-00036130 removed from the area by the human
yoCRZfR74pE-00147-00036131-00036412 population mammals remaining include the
yoCRZfR74pE-00148-00036413-00036589 African manatee known as the sea cow
yoCRZfR74pE-00149-00036590-00036781 which lives in the rivers and feeds on
yoCRZfR74pE-00150-00036782-00037033 underwater plants and the rivers are
yoCRZfR74pE-00151-00037034-00037252 rich in fish including two endemics the
yoCRZfR74pE-00152-00037253-00037459 moco kitty catfish sino dantas go
yoCRZfR74pE-00153-00037460-00037654 brownie and a cichlid go buy a sickle
yoCRZfR74pE-00154-00037655-00038064 wondering
yoCRZfR74pE-00155-00038065-00038571 topic threats and preservation
yoCRZfR74pE-00156-00038572-00038860 topic the construction of a large
yoCRZfR74pE-00157-00038861-00039093 irrigation project upstream of the inner
yoCRZfR74pE-00158-00039094-00039312 Niger Delta threatens its ecology and
yoCRZfR74pE-00159-00039313-00039564 the livelihoods of its inhabitants the
yoCRZfR74pE-00160-00039565-00039858 100,000 hectares project as an extension
yoCRZfR74pE-00161-00039859-00040051 to the area irrigated by the office du
yoCRZfR74pE-00162-00040052-00040293 Niger through the melibea Canal the
yoCRZfR74pE-00163-00040294-00040440 extension which was under construction
yoCRZfR74pE-00164-00040441-00040779 in 2010 is financed by the Libya Africa
yoCRZfR74pE-00165-00040780-00040962 investment portfolio which will also
yoCRZfR74pE-00166-00040963-00041157 have the right to exploit the irrigated
yoCRZfR74pE-00167-00041158-00041404 land according to James led in a
yoCRZfR74pE-00168-00041405-00041607 researcher the project will reduce the
yoCRZfR74pE-00169-00041608-00041799 area under deep inundation in the inner
yoCRZfR74pE-00170-00041800-00042177 Niger Delta by 43% the area under deep
yoCRZfR74pE-00171-00042178-00042405 inundation is crucial for pastoralists
yoCRZfR74pE-00172-00042406-00042588 because only there bore goo a kind of
yoCRZfR74pE-00173-00042589-00042795 glow as stag Nina grows a plant which is
yoCRZfR74pE-00174-00042796-00043013 particularly nutritious for cattle
yoCRZfR74pE-00175-00043014-00043251 nomadic pastoralists come from as far
yoCRZfR74pE-00176-00043252-00043521 away as Burkina Faso and Mauritania to
yoCRZfR74pE-00177-00043522-00043689 allow their cattle to graze on the Borg
yoCRZfR74pE-00178-00043690-00043960 U of the inner Niger Delta according to
yoCRZfR74pE-00179-00043961-00044170 a report in John a freak the researcher
yoCRZfR74pE-00180-00044171-00044337 tried to alert the authorities about the
yoCRZfR74pE-00181-00044338-00044560 need to find alternative livelihoods for
yoCRZfR74pE-00182-00044561-00044724 the pastoralists apparently without
yoCRZfR74pE-00183-00044725-00045060 success three Ramsar cites a total of
yoCRZfR74pE-00184-00045061-00045288 1620 square kilometers have been
yoCRZfR74pE-00185-00045289-00045526 declared in the Delta Lac Horo Lac des
yoCRZfR74pE-00186-00045527-00045780 Beaux and the Seri floodplain but the
yoCRZfR74pE-00187-00045781-00045993 Delta is largely unprotected and at the
yoCRZfR74pE-00188-00045994-00046173 same time fishing and farming in the
yoCRZfR74pE-00189-00046174-00046365 Delta is vital to the livelihoods of the
yoCRZfR74pE-00190-00046366-00046654 people of Mali low water levels in the
yoCRZfR74pE-00191-00046655-00046876 rivers lack of rain increasing human
yoCRZfR74pE-00192-00046877-00047040 population and a breakup of the
yoCRZfR74pE-00193-00047041-00047217 traditional tribal arrangements for
yoCRZfR74pE-00194-00047218-00047394 sharing the resources of the Delta are
yoCRZfR74pE-00195-00047395-00047551 all factors that may contribute to
yoCRZfR74pE-00196-00047552-00047783 severely damaging the ecosystem in
yoCRZfR74pE-00197-00047784-00048045 particular fishing is less regulated in
yoCRZfR74pE-00198-00048046-00048252 the past only two tribes were permitted
yoCRZfR74pE-00199-00048253-00048438 to fish and fish stocks in the rivers
yoCRZfR74pE-00200-00048439-00048705 are declining in a similar way lack of
yoCRZfR74pE-00201-00048706-00048936 control is also causing over grazing
yoCRZfR74pE-00202-00048937-00049188 finally the celling dam and other water
yoCRZfR74pE-00203-00049189-00049411 control projects affect the levels and
yoCRZfR74pE-00204-00049412-00049695 seasonal behavior of the rivers topics
yoCRZfR74pE-00205-00049696-00049896 see also topic River Delta flooded
yoCRZfR74pE-00206-00049897-00050124 grasslands and savannas topic reference
yoCRZfR74pE-00207-00050125-00050329 s topic topic further reading topic
yoCRZfR74pE-00208-00050330-00050745 delay Jean 1967 LED delta interior du
yoCRZfR74pE-00209-00050746-00051092 Niger a tube DJ ography regime le 2 vols
yoCRZfR74pE-00210-00051093-00051381 Dakar Institute fundamental d'afrique
yoCRZfR74pE-00211-00051382-00051795 more Yvonne OCLC 489 million eight
yoCRZfR74pE-00212-00051796-00051965 hundred sixty one thousand
yoCRZfR74pE-00213-00051966-00052522 274 Quincy air Jacque Edie 1994 Lapage
yoCRZfR74pE-00214-00052523-00052704 dans leur Delta central du Niger
yoCRZfR74pE-00215-00052705-00052905 approached pleura discipline aired in
yoCRZfR74pE-00216-00052906-00053106 system aid to production Haller d2
yoCRZfR74pE-00217-00053107-00053519 volume PDF Paris Oh our stom cartola
yoCRZfR74pE-00218-00053520-00053856 ISBN two seven oh nine nine one two oh
yoCRZfR74pE-00219-00053857-00054196 two three linked includes both volumes
yoCRZfR74pE-00220-00054197-00054498 volume two includes eight maps the line'
yoCRZfR74pE-00221-00054499-00054723 stitute Durocher shape Orla development
yoCRZfR74pE-00222-00054724-00054969 site also has PDF files containing
yoCRZfR74pE-00223-00054970-00055303 individual chapters swartz leo
yoCRZfR74pE-00224-00055304-00055566 van boo curring peter cone a backer e at
yoCRZfR74pE-00225-00055567-00056004 all IDI s 2005 the niger a lifeline
yoCRZfR74pE-00226-00056005-00056229 effective water management in the upper
yoCRZfR74pE-00227-00056230-00056523 niger basin PDF van Weyden
yoCRZfR74pE-00228-00056524-00056756 the netherlands Altenburg in y manga
yoCRZfR74pE-00229-00056757-00057060 ISBN nine oh eight oh seven one five OH
yoCRZfR74pE-00230-00057061-00057411 six nine also published in French with
yoCRZfR74pE-00231-00057412-00057594 the title lanai juror hoon our dear a
yoCRZfR74pE-00232-00057595-00057946 Vitaly gestion ethicist allo dans le
yoCRZfR74pE-00233-00057947-00058297 bassin du haut Niger is warts leo 2010
yoCRZfR74pE-00234-00058298-00058512 will the inner niger delta shrivel up
yoCRZfR74pE-00235-00058513-00058690 due to climate change and water use
yoCRZfR74pE-00236-00058691-00059055 upstream a and w report 1537
yoCRZfR74pE-00237-00059056-00059280 commissioned by wetlands international
yoCRZfR74pE-00238-00059281-00059544 PDF Fein Walden the Netherlands
yoCRZfR74pE-00239-00059545-00059817 Altenburg in Y manga topic external
yoCRZfR74pE-00240-00059818-00060022 links topic inner niger delta flooded
yoCRZfR74pE-00241-00060023-00060306 savanna terrestrial ecoregions World
yoCRZfR74pE-00242-00060307-00060612 Wildlife Fund
y1hnUxbkcp4-00000-00000456-00000599 hey everyone welcome back to the patch
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y1hnUxbkcp4-00013-00002824-00003007 apparently you've drank that entire can
y1hnUxbkcp4-00014-00003008-00003126 with how rapidly
y1hnUxbkcp4-00015-00003127-00003351 you've got that out now me i want to
y1hnUxbkcp4-00016-00003352-00003511 class things up a little bit
y1hnUxbkcp4-00017-00003511-00003863 i'm bringing charcuterie no really i
y1hnUxbkcp4-00018-00003864-00004135 i have i've got my beef jerky got it and
y1hnUxbkcp4-00019-00004136-00004335 i have a random selection of
y1hnUxbkcp4-00020-00004336-00004615 international cheeses i like how you
y1hnUxbkcp4-00021-00004616-00004679 think your
y1hnUxbkcp4-00022-00004680-00004838 mozzarella string cheese is
y1hnUxbkcp4-00023-00004839-00005047 international cheese
y1hnUxbkcp4-00024-00005048-00005359 i'm gonna go with mozzarella
y1hnUxbkcp4-00025-00005360-00005495 i'm going with miscellaneous different
y1hnUxbkcp4-00026-00005496-00005743 protein bars so you got the natural six
y1hnUxbkcp4-00027-00005744-00005895 ingredient ones or the
y1hnUxbkcp4-00028-00005896-00006151 300 ingredient ones of no-name brands or
y1hnUxbkcp4-00029-00006152-00006311 even just plain old everyday kind of
y1hnUxbkcp4-00030-00006312-00006431 nuts and honey ones so
y1hnUxbkcp4-00031-00006431-00006670 all of those are good grab-and-gos one
y1hnUxbkcp4-00032-00006672-00006887 of the things i'm definitely going to
y1hnUxbkcp4-00033-00006888-00007078 miss with microsoft ignite being a
y1hnUxbkcp4-00034-00007079-00007214 digital experience this year is the
y1hnUxbkcp4-00035-00007215-00007334 international flavor
y1hnUxbkcp4-00036-00007336-00007503 so as a shout out to my friends from the
y1hnUxbkcp4-00037-00007504-00007639 netherlands who bring these to me every
y1hnUxbkcp4-00038-00007640-00007727 single year
y1hnUxbkcp4-00039-00007728-00008023 i have got stroopwafels with a special
y1hnUxbkcp4-00040-00008023-00008191 international market to pick these up
y1hnUxbkcp4-00041-00008192-00008351 i will be enjoying soup waffles with my
y1hnUxbkcp4-00042-00008352-00008527 coffee in the mornings nice
y1hnUxbkcp4-00043-00008528-00008687 oh you know what there's also the very
y1hnUxbkcp4-00044-00008688-00008863 super simple ones i'm simply going with
y1hnUxbkcp4-00045-00008864-00009063 a fresh piece of fruit like an apple an
y1hnUxbkcp4-00046-00009064-00009183 orange or banana
y1hnUxbkcp4-00047-00009184-00009414 those are absolutely valid options and
y1hnUxbkcp4-00048-00009415-00009567 if you are a little bit peckish and you
y1hnUxbkcp4-00049-00009568-00009703 want a full meal
y1hnUxbkcp4-00050-00009704-00009967 because you're home you can always grab
y1hnUxbkcp4-00051-00009968-00010142 that three-day-old container
y1hnUxbkcp4-00052-00010143-00010391 of craft dinner and uh turkey meat
y1hnUxbkcp4-00053-00010392-00010471 inside of one
y1hnUxbkcp4-00054-00010472-00010774 and therefore you're all set to go only
y1hnUxbkcp4-00055-00010775-00010919 you would bring three-day old craft
y1hnUxbkcp4-00056-00010920-00010967 dinner
y1hnUxbkcp4-00057-00010968-00011255 to a shoot about snacks hey listen if
y1hnUxbkcp4-00058-00011256-00011399 you want more of
y1hnUxbkcp4-00059-00011400-00011655 the uh microsoft ignite experience
y1hnUxbkcp4-00060-00011656-00011742 you're going to want to make sure you're
y1hnUxbkcp4-00061-00011743-00011806 registered
y1hnUxbkcp4-00062-00011807-00012006 head on over to myignite.microsoft.com
y1hnUxbkcp4-00063-00012007-00012135 get registered so you get the whole
y1hnUxbkcp4-00064-00012136-00012199 experience
y1hnUxbkcp4-00065-00012200-00012374 and for more of these fun videos and
y1hnUxbkcp4-00066-00012375-00012503 maybe even something
y1hnUxbkcp4-00067-00012504-00012670 to help you out at the ad event just
y1hnUxbkcp4-00068-00012671-00012815 head on over to the blog post located
y1hnUxbkcp4-00069-00012816-00012943 below because the pageant switch
y1hnUxbkcp4-00070-00012944-00013030 consultancy
y1hnUxbkcp4-00071-00013031-00013984 is looking out for you
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00001-00040168-00040455 this is audio slate for dive one eight
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00002-00040456-00041215 eight four utc time is 021307
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00005-00171760-00174583 so
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00006-00174584-00174838 okay let's get this guy going now
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00007-00174839-00175087 oh yeah
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00008-00175088-00175263 oops
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00009-00175264-00175575 close
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00010-00175576-00177766 run
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00011-00177767-00178326 great we got herx on her
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00012-00178327-00178599 let's try this
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00013-00178600-00178831 what do you like to see robin have here
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00014-00178832-00180183 sure that's fine okay yeah that's cool
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00015-00180184-00182719 yep i knew that
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00016-00182720-00182966 aloha everyone following along around
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00017-00182967-00183126 the world
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00018-00183127-00183335 thanks for tuning into nautiluslive.org
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00019-00183336-00183519 we're so excited to have launched our
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00020-00183520-00183799 vehicles rovs argus and hercules are
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00021-00183800-00183990 under water and are descending to our
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00022-00183991-00184183 first dive site
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00023-00184184-00184519 of our first dive of this expedition
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00024-00184520-00184719 na134
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00025-00184720-00184990 we are in papahanau mokokea
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00026-00184991-00185190 national monument and we are so
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00027-00185191-00185471 privileged to be here it has taken
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00028-00185472-00185799 a number of efforts from many different
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00029-00185800-00185943 organizations including all four
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00030-00185944-00186150 trustees of the monument themselves for
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00031-00186151-00186375 us to be here you can read more about
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00032-00186376-00186660 the name of our expedition
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00033-00186661-00186926 [Music]
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00034-00186927-00187871 on our website
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00035-00187872-00188399 sure just wherever it looks nice
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00036-00188400-00188550 i'm just thinking like the lights you
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00037-00188551-00188807 know
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00038-00188808-00189102 yeah throw it into the light pool
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00039-00189103-00191375 we get a beauty shot
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00040-00191376-00193559 okay those are all good
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00041-00193560-00196063 foreign
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00042-00196064-00196311 hmm
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00043-00196312-00196950 cool
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00044-00196951-00197166 all right you can get the other dive log
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00045-00197167-00197375 figured out now if you want
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00046-00197376-00197519 so if you go into that tab there should
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00047-00197520-00197711 be a google sheets general open the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00048-00197712-00197863 folder action
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00049-00197864-00198238 somewhere
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00050-00198239-00198383 sure it's in the same folder as that
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00051-00198384-00199535 dialogue
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00052-00199536-00199695 i think we hit the big green box on the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00053-00199696-00199854 top left
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00054-00199855-00200190 yeah that action
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00055-00200191-00200926 perhaps i'm a liar but we'll find out
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00056-00200927-00201095 look at that action
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00057-00201096-00201407 and then you want uh 134 yeah and if you
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00058-00201408-00201550 open both at once you can copy from the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00059-00201551-00201814 old line into the new line you know all
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00060-00201815-00202519 that fun stuff
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00061-00202520-00202678 what's that
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00062-00202679-00202975 hit the green button
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00063-00202976-00203111 that's not just the folder i think
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00064-00203112-00204102 that's all recent sheets
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00066-00208456-00209527 okay nice
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00067-00209528-00209686 this that sheet
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00068-00209687-00209791 or
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00069-00209792-00210063 uh yeah by cruz and we make a new tab so
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00070-00210064-00210198 here's other way i set you up for
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00071-00210200-00210367 failure and the new template there you
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00072-00210367-00210519 can copy that over and make a new tab
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00073-00210519-00210671 for each dive number
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00074-00210671-00211015 similar to the old sheet
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00075-00211016-00211158 so right now there's one already called
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00076-00211159-00211719 h184
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00077-00211719-00212015 there was a problem
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00078-00212016-00212615 is that the template
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00079-00212616-00213279 that's us yep
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00080-00213280-00213806 sure whatever you want to call it
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00081-00213807-00214039 okay
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00082-00214040-00214919 cool 65 minutes until bottom
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00083-00214919-00217751 we're good
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00084-00217752-00219615 ugh
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00085-00219616-00219839 one more time
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00086-00219840-00220046 we have hurxman as oh yeah argus mezzo
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00087-00220048-00220215 is off
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00088-00220216-00220391 so what's up with it
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00089-00220392-00220655 is it causing problems yeah yeah you
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00090-00220656-00220879 want to talk about it not so much
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00091-00220880-00221006 what's that you don't want to talk about
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00092-00221007-00221110 it
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00093-00221111-00221319 well we'll just have to reset it when we
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00094-00221319-00221527 go up back up okay
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00095-00221528-00221687 okay little problem
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00096-00221688-00221798 little problem
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00097-00221800-00222015 small problem
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00098-00222016-00222167 a minor annoyance
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00099-00222167-00223134 frustration even
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00100-00223135-00223271 are you on this
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00101-00223271-00223423 spl
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00102-00223423-00223615 yep okay cool
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00103-00223616-00223798 i couldn't hear i couldn't hear anything
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00104-00223800-00224110 hello everybody this is afrodita fuentes
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00105-00224111-00224415 your science communication fellow
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00106-00224416-00224703 i'm here with dr christopher kelly
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00107-00224704-00224791 uh
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00108-00224792-00225039 dr kelly can you tell us the objectives
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00109-00225040-00225175 for this uh
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00110-00225176-00225382 sure and the first first thing is from
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00111-00225383-00225679 now on it's chris
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00112-00225680-00225919 let's make it simple
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00113-00225919-00226215 okay chris anyway this is chris um
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00114-00226216-00226494 so our science objectives today
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00115-00226496-00226703 are we're going to drop on the seamount
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00116-00226704-00227006 that had never been mapped before until
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00117-00227007-00227151 earlier
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00118-00227152-00227406 this morning very early this morning
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00119-00227407-00227798 and we are now descending to land on a
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00120-00227800-00228134 ridge that's sort of oriented northwest
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00121-00228135-00228319 on the side of the summit of the sea
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00122-00228319-00228610 mount we're going to drop to a depth of
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00123-00228611-00228831 2700 meters
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00124-00228832-00229167 and we're going to run a transect up
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00125-00229167-00229479 along this ridge it's a very sharp ridge
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00126-00229480-00229671 and we're hoping to see
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00127-00229671-00229951 lots of corals lots of sponges lots of
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00128-00229952-00230182 creatures and we're also hoping to see
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00129-00230183-00230423 some really great rocks to sample
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00130-00230423-00230663 because we don't know anything about the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00131-00230664-00231023 sea mount it's age how it formed
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00132-00231023-00231279 anything and we need to find that out
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00133-00231280-00231463 and the only way to do that is to get
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00134-00231464-00231623 some rock samples
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00135-00231623-00231951 if we happen to see uh a weird creature
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00136-00231952-00232255 that we don't recognize we may stop and
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00137-00232256-00232519 uh try to collect that and if we do
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00138-00232519-00232791 we're going to ask permission um in
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00139-00232792-00233031 hawaiian and hopefully i won't butcher
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00140-00233032-00233182 it too much
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00141-00233183-00233431 here and then we'll go on and we'll make
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00142-00233432-00233623 the collection usually a very small
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00143-00233623-00233710 piece
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00144-00233711-00233910 of the animal if it's a coral or a
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00145-00233911-00234191 sponge and we'll put that in our boxes
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00146-00234192-00234406 and secure it and we will continue on
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00147-00234407-00234655 and we'll continue exploring the sea
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00148-00234656-00234806 mount and
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00149-00234807-00235663 find out what's here
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00150-00235664-00235934 yep i am i am very excited it's actually
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00151-00235935-00236110 been three years since i did one of
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00152-00236111-00236303 these cruises i was on the nautilus in
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00153-00236304-00236494 2018.
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00154-00236496-00236719 i've had a little dry spell
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00155-00236719-00236855 it's called
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00156-00236856-00237142 sort of retirement but
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00157-00237144-00237439 but um i'm ready to go here i'm i'm
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00158-00237440-00237727 itching and i'm well it's an honor for
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00159-00237728-00237855 me to do
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00160-00237856-00238071 my first
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00161-00238071-00238342 conversation here live on nautilus life
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00162-00238344-00238479 and
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00163-00238480-00238734 along with you well likewise
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00164-00238735-00238934 i mean we've got a great crew up front
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00165-00238935-00239175 here the the pilots uh
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00166-00239176-00239398 so um and they'll do some introductions
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00167-00239400-00239591 presumably as we get a little bit later
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00168-00239592-00239815 down toward the bottom
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00169-00239816-00240063 and uh we've got some new tool tools and
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00170-00240064-00240215 new toys on this that we're getting
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00171-00240216-00240430 familiar with too the technology is
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00172-00240431-00240582 amazing
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00173-00240583-00240791 and we'll get used to that like that
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00174-00240792-00240927 scoop it's gonna take some getting used
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00175-00240928-00241094 to but i think we can make it yeah
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00176-00241096-00241367 that's right like that scoop
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00177-00241367-00241558 it's a really high-tech plastic scoop
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00178-00241559-00241879 with a little taped handle on it so
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00179-00241880-00242151 science
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00180-00242152-00242375 but yeah we've got a we've got a number
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00181-00242376-00242615 of objectives on this particular cruise
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00182-00242616-00242815 you know um we're going to be collecting
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00183-00242816-00243103 rocks but um the entire rock is going to
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00184-00243104-00243367 be used for one thing or another uh one
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00185-00243367-00243494 of the things we're going to do is try
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00186-00243496-00243806 to date the seamount by looking inside
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00187-00243807-00243958 in the core of the rock and trying to
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00188-00243959-00244230 find some really old basalt
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00189-00244231-00244430 and that's going to go to a laboratory
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00190-00244431-00244719 that specializes in dating
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00191-00244719-00244910 these very old seamounts
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00192-00244911-00245142 and then also this crust that forms over
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00193-00245144-00245319 the surface of the rock
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00194-00245319-00245598 we've got a microbiologist on board dr
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00195-00245600-00245734 beth orkut
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00196-00245735-00245951 and she's very interested in looking at
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00197-00245952-00246239 the microorganisms that live in and on
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00198-00246240-00246471 the crust and so she's going to be
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00199-00246471-00246646 using that part of the rock which
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00200-00246648-00246839 normally we would discard because it's
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00201-00246840-00247110 not good for aging but we are delighted
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00202-00247111-00247327 that she's going to make use
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00203-00247328-00247551 of
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00204-00247552-00247703 that part of the rock
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00205-00247704-00247951 and we're hoping to see these beautiful
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00206-00247952-00248110 communities
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00207-00248111-00248358 and capture them on video and then all
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00208-00248359-00248694 of the video is going to be annotated in
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00209-00248696-00249087 a laboratory in the university of hawaii
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00210-00249088-00249423 and by annotated i mean we've got a crew
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00211-00249423-00249623 of three people there that are going to
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00212-00249623-00249846 extract and wring out
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00213-00249848-00250087 every tiny drop of data they can get
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00214-00250088-00250294 from that video and that will be
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00215-00250296-00250406 submitted
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00216-00250407-00250703 to an international database that's part
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00217-00250704-00250998 of the deep sea coral and technology
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00218-00251000-00251271 program it's a noaa program
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00219-00251271-00251471 and it'll be an online database that
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00220-00251471-00251719 anybody can access
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00221-00251719-00251927 and so we're going to use the video and
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00222-00251928-00252127 we also hope to collect some animals
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00223-00252128-00252367 we're collecting water samples for dna
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00224-00252367-00252503 analysis
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00225-00252504-00252630 so we've got
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00226-00252631-00252871 we've got a very very ambitious program
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00227-00252871-00253079 that hopefully you folks will enjoy when
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00228-00253080-00254582 we get to the bottom
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00229-00254583-00254839 for those who may not be looking at some
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00230-00254840-00255110 of the the screens the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00231-00255111-00255446 the uh data screens we just passed 1 000
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00232-00255448-00255671 meters and we're heading to 2
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00233-00255671-00255910 700 meters so we've got another 1
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00234-00255911-00256246 700 meters to go before we hit bottom
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00235-00256248-00256358 so
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00236-00256359-00256519 in the meantime we might see some
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00237-00256519-00256815 unusual animals in the water column
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00238-00256816-00257063 um so keep your eye peeled
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00239-00257064-00257239 on the screen i think i just saw
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00240-00257240-00257430 something like a small jellyfish that
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00241-00257431-00257630 goes by there's always a lot of animals
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00242-00257631-00257982 in the water column
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00243-00257983-00258182 there is a fish i believe it just swam
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00244-00258183-00258327 by might have been he's trying to race
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00245-00258328-00258471 us i think he's well there's another one
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00246-00258471-00258791 oh there's another one look at that
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00247-00258792-00259030 how's that for on cue just mention we
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00248-00259031-00259215 might say this
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00249-00259216-00259534 still there yeah much faster
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00250-00259535-00259727 come back little guy some of you show us
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00251-00259728-00259887 the way some of you may be wondering
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00252-00259888-00260087 what those that triangle is at the top
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00253-00260088-00260215 of the screen what's that really a
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00254-00260216-00260503 triangle it's actually laser beams
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00255-00260504-00260775 and we use that to as a as a measuring
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00256-00260776-00260871 scale
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00257-00260871-00261039 now when we're in water it you know they
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00258-00261040-00261239 just keep going on forever so we can't
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00259-00261240-00261334 really
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00260-00261335-00261471 get really good measurements unless
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00261-00261471-00261630 they're on some object
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00262-00261631-00261846 the lasers are a green laser they're
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00263-00261848-00262015 completely harmless to any of the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00264-00262016-00262215 animals nothing to worry about
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00265-00262216-00262679 but they're very very useful to us
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00266-00262680-00262855 yeah there's quite a few jellyfish
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00267-00262856-00265039 passing by
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00268-00265040-00265247 uh we've got a bunch of people who are
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00269-00265248-00265439 in the chat line here and i just see
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00270-00265440-00265695 that meredith everett has joined us
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00271-00265696-00265919 she's a geneticist and she's one of the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00272-00265920-00266119 people that's going to analyze the water
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00273-00266120-00266287 samples for something that's called
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00274-00266288-00266591 e-dna or environmental dna
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00275-00266592-00266823 and she's got a very cool project we'll
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00276-00266824-00267039 talk about that perhaps when we grab one
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00277-00267040-00267239 of the water samples and explain to you
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00278-00267240-00267430 what we're doing hey meredith you're
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00279-00267431-00267887 about an hour early
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00280-00267888-00268087 but
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00281-00268088-00268382 yup there she is she knows she's eager
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00282-00268383-00268630 all of us are really eager first dive
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00283-00268631-00268830 here in this in this wonderful place the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00284-00268831-00269127 papahanau
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00285-00269128-00270871 national monument
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00286-00270872-00271223 meredith is is on the west coast and um
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00287-00271224-00271447 she's hoping we're still going by the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00288-00271448-00271751 the the wee west coast hours tomorrow
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00289-00271752-00271958 morning and i think we will be
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00290-00271959-00272334 uh right now we're we're looking at um
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00291-00272335-00272495 well it's very flexible it's all going
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00292-00272496-00272647 to depend on what we see but we're
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00293-00272648-00272910 looking for at least a 12-hour dive
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00294-00272911-00273039 today
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00295-00273040-00273334 and so um hopefully we will be going if
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00296-00273335-00273447 it's
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00297-00273448-00273623 really really boring and everybody's
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00298-00273624-00273847 yawning which almost never happens but
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00299-00273848-00274047 in case that happens we might pull up a
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00300-00274048-00274199 bit early
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00301-00274200-00274351 or if it's
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00302-00274352-00274591 super exciting we've got corals and
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00303-00274592-00274806 sponges out the wazoo
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00304-00274807-00274991 and beautiful rocks and pillow
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00305-00274992-00275239 formations we may extend the dive and go
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00306-00275240-00275327 a bit
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00307-00275328-00275567 go a bit longer
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00308-00275568-00275719 chris do you think this is a good time
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00309-00275720-00276199 to introduce our rov pilots absolutely
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00310-00276200-00276447 and um maybe we'll go around the room
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00311-00276448-00276623 introducing ourselves
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00312-00276624-00276943 we'll start with the rov pilots
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00313-00276944-00277175 you want to go first or second antonella
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00314-00277176-00277382 all right hi i'm trevor i'm trevor
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00315-00277383-00277558 shepherd i am sitting in the herk seat
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00316-00277559-00277679 right now
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00317-00277680-00277830 uh
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00318-00277831-00278015 what else can i say
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00319-00278016-00278119 i don't know
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00320-00278120-00278247 that's where i am that's who i am this
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00321-00278248-00278391 is my
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00322-00278392-00278567 sixth seventh i don't know here on
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00323-00278568-00278758 nautilus
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00324-00278759-00278991 and i'm excited to be here on the first
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00325-00278992-00279127 dive
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00326-00279128-00279367 excellent thank you thank you
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00327-00279368-00279534 and
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00328-00279535-00279791 on hercules we have
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00329-00279792-00280055 antonella
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00330-00280056-00280310 hi i'm antonella i'm actually on rj oh
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00331-00280311-00280406 i'm sorry
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00332-00280407-00280479 yes
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00333-00280480-00280743 um this is my
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00334-00280744-00281079 third season on nautilus
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00335-00281080-00281230 great how are you feeling right now
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00336-00281231-00281391 antonella
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00337-00281392-00281687 excited to be back at sea
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00338-00281688-00281910 great you guys have done a lot of hard
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00339-00281911-00282134 work i see you running around getting
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00340-00282135-00282391 our stars of the show going
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00341-00282392-00282663 so thank you for all the hard work
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00342-00282664-00282822 and next we have
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00343-00282823-00282975 [Music]
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00344-00282976-00283199 how about the navigators
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00345-00283200-00283439 hi i'm aaron heffron i'm in the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00346-00283440-00283727 navigator seat right now um sixth year
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00347-00283728-00284254 on nautilus as a navigator and mapper
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00348-00284255-00284439 great thank you aaron
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00349-00284440-00284799 and on in the video team we have
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00350-00284800-00285087 another aaron my name is aaron rainey
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00351-00285088-00285406 and i am the video video engineer during
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00352-00285407-00285623 the 4-8 watch
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00353-00285624-00285887 and this is my fourth year great thank
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00354-00285888-00286015 you aaron
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00355-00286016-00286182 and um
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00356-00286183-00286423 in our um
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00357-00286424-00286991 as a data logger we have
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00358-00286992-00287254 yeah aloha my name is um kai nalu and
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00359-00287255-00287551 i'll be you guys folks data logger and
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00360-00287552-00287751 um really excited to be out here this is
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00361-00287752-00288006 my first time on the nautilus
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00362-00288007-00288382 oh yeah so super slow
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00363-00288383-00288527 great
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00364-00288528-00289015 and we also have andy is andy
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00365-00289016-00289327 aloha
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00366-00289328-00289599 my name is andy collins and i'm the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00367-00289600-00289810 education coordinator for
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00368-00289811-00290095 papahanaumokuakea national monument
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00369-00290096-00290247 and work for the office of national
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00370-00290248-00290519 marine sanctuaries and i am very excited
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00371-00290520-00290703 to be here this is my
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00372-00290704-00291015 second deep sea expedition the other one
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00373-00291016-00291295 was with schmidt ocean institute so my
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00374-00291296-00291487 first time on the nautilus and i'm very
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00375-00291488-00291719 very excited to be here and to share
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00376-00291720-00292110 this experience with all of you
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00377-00292111-00292495 great thank you andy
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00378-00292496-00292758 so do we have any other questions from
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00379-00292759-00293087 your side yes
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00380-00293088-00293463 um
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00381-00293464-00293719 yeah right now i'm i was talking quite a
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00382-00293720-00293854 bit earlier so i was going to let some
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00383-00293855-00294015 other people talk and there's plenty of
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00384-00294016-00294279 people who like to hear the the pilots
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00385-00294280-00294495 and the videographers interact with each
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00386-00294496-00294751 other um communicating
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00387-00294752-00294982 because it's really amazing technology
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00388-00294983-00295206 that these people have mastered
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00389-00295207-00295447 and so i'm gonna let them
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00390-00295448-00295615 you know talk a bit if they have a few
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00391-00295616-00295871 things to say i don't know i was really
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00392-00295872-00296079 enjoying your talk
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00393-00296080-00296230 we'll have plenty of operations talk
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00394-00296231-00296406 over at the bottom this is the time for
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00395-00296407-00296703 science general science chatter yeah
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00396-00296704-00297039 we'll be busy talking away very soon
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00397-00297040-00297295 are there any pieces new
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00398-00297296-00297510 new equipment that you are excited to
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00399-00297511-00297671 try
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00400-00297672-00298191 erin i'm all about the scoop but
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00401-00298192-00298382 we're cheering there's two errands aaron
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00402-00298383-00298582 and video
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00403-00298583-00298854 um yeah this is my first season in the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00404-00298855-00299071 new control van so i'm just excited
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00405-00299072-00300327 about that
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00406-00300328-00300630 and you can see the control van in the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00407-00300631-00300799 satellite three feet so if you're
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00408-00300800-00300991 looking at the quad it's the one in the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00409-00300992-00301663 bottom left hand corner
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00410-00301664-00302015 great and how about aaron in
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00411-00302016-00302295 navigation anything new that you're
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00412-00302296-00302495 excited to try
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00413-00302496-00302639 um
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00414-00302640-00302910 i'm just excited to be back diving i've
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00415-00302911-00303063 um been
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00416-00303064-00303271 this round on the ship for
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00417-00303272-00303510 over two months um of mapping it was
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00418-00303511-00303663 really great we got to do a lot of great
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00419-00303664-00303847 mapping but it's it's fun to have the
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00420-00303848-00304151 rovs back in the water and get to get to
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00421-00304152-00304327 see some of the things that we mapped so
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00422-00304328-00304575 i'm excited about that
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00423-00304576-00304734 great thank you
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00424-00304735-00304975 well everybody online thank you for
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00425-00304976-00305319 joining us we're live on natal's live
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00426-00305320-00305687 starting our first dive our rovs are
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00427-00305688-00305879 descending
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00428-00305880-00307382 so this is very exciting
y4ZGSYlrzDQ-00429-00307383-00307783 so chris somebody in the audience
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00000-00000000-00000311 by rose who can introduce himself
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00001-00000312-00000511 hi i'm rose martinez i'm the assistant
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00002-00000512-00000695 deputy for the data team here at the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00003-00000696-00001007 council and i'm excited to be presenting
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00004-00001008-00001215 with alan nick today
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00005-00001216-00001511 hey i'm nick a senior data scientist
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00006-00001512-00001710 from the data team method council
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00007-00001711-00001902 i'm excited to talk about payette
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00008-00001903-00002014 and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00009-00002016-00002159 thank you guys that is exactly what
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00010-00002160-00002375 we'll be talking about today so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00011-00002376-00002639 let's just jump right in
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00012-00002640-00002823 so to give you a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00013-00002824-00003134 brief outline of what we'll cover we'll
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00014-00003135-00003375 try to give you some context behind how
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00015-00003376-00003535 this came to be
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00016-00003536-00003727 what the objective was what the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00017-00003728-00003919 motivation was
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00018-00003920-00004063 then we'll
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00019-00004064-00004231 we'll start off by presenting some of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00020-00004232-00004399 the findings in the beginning so that it
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00021-00004400-00004470 can
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00022-00004471-00004631 help acclimate you
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00023-00004632-00004783 in understanding
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00024-00004784-00005006 what the goal of the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00025-00005007-00005222 investigation is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00026-00005223-00005375 and just you know give you some some
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00027-00005376-00005559 basis of what we're doing
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00028-00005560-00005683 we're gonna dive into some
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00029-00005684-00005934 recommendations that we found and then
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00030-00005935-00006206 finally we'd like to have an open
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00031-00006207-00006359 discussion
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00032-00006360-00006470 between
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00033-00006472-00006655 you and us
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00034-00006656-00007039 about any ideas that could further our
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00035-00007040-00007342 our objectives of remedying
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00036-00007343-00007614 what our findings have revealed
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00037-00007615-00007734 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00038-00007736-00008023 to give you some context
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00039-00008023-00008303 uh pay equity has been a topic of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00040-00008304-00008535 concern for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00041-00008536-00008671 new york city
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00042-00008672-00008878 within the new york city workforce
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00043-00008879-00009078 for a very long time
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00044-00009079-00009231 it's been
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00045-00009232-00009367 noted that there have been pay
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00046-00009368-00009542 disparities
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00047-00009543-00009742 within the workforce
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00048-00009743-00009883 based on
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00049-00009884-00010191 gender race or ethnicity
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00050-00010192-00010438 and the council members have been very
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00051-00010439-00010695 eager to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00052-00010696-00010846 to try to figure out
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00053-00010847-00011071 one what's causing these paid
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00054-00011072-00011295 disparities and two how to address the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00055-00011296-00011574 issue and back in
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00056-00011575-00011838 2019 after
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00057-00011839-00012095 many many years of effort
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00058-00012096-00012342 uh former council member laurie cumbo
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00059-00012343-00012503 who you see here
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00060-00012504-00012751 in the picture
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00061-00012752-00013086 was finally successful
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00062-00013087-00013335 in conjunction with some of her
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00063-00013336-00013583 colleagues danique miller and carlina
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00064-00013584-00013783 rivera former council
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00065-00013784-00013943 also current council member carolina
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00066-00013944-00014143 rivera who you see in the background
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00067-00014144-00014311 and passing
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00068-00014312-00014671 the local law 18 of 2019
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00069-00014672-00014775 which
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00070-00014776-00015038 provides the council with
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00071-00015040-00015222 access to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00072-00015223-00015471 tii personally identifiable information
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00073-00015472-00015591 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00074-00015591-00015791 because of the nature of the data it was
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00075-00015791-00015863 very
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00076-00015863-00016079 difficult to pass there were a lot of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00077-00016080-00016494 nuances that had to be ironed out but uh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00078-00016495-00016630 that's what happened and now the new
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00079-00016631-00016855 york city council again is given api
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00080-00016856-00017183 access to this data on an annual basis
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00081-00017184-00017279 and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00082-00017280-00017622 the city is now held accountable for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00083-00017623-00017799 correcting pay disparities in the city
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00084-00017800-00017967 workforce or at least that is the goal
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00085-00017968-00018367 of local law 18 of 2019.
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00086-00018368-00018527 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00087-00018528-00018647 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00088-00018648-00018830 i guess i i kind of jumped the gun but
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00089-00018831-00019079 yeah that's exactly what the purpose of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00090-00019080-00019199 this law is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00091-00019200-00019447 to first find through statistical
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00092-00019448-00019622 investigation it doesn't necessarily
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00093-00019623-00019767 have to be confined to statistical
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00094-00019768-00019935 investigation but
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00095-00019936-00020086 uh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00096-00020087-00020367 we uh we have a hammer called data and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00097-00020368-00020655 so everything is now a nail in our site
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00098-00020656-00020758 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00099-00020759-00020950 we our objective is to perform
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00100-00020951-00021135 statistical investigation
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00101-00021136-00021399 to find out the root cause first to find
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00102-00021400-00021511 out whether
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00103-00021512-00021686 there are paid disparities in the city
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00104-00021687-00021847 workforce and then try to work with the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00105-00021848-00021983 data to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00106-00021984-00022255 identify what the root causes are and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00107-00022256-00022543 these disparities can be based on any
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00108-00022544-00022830 protected category such as race gender
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00109-00022831-00023078 ethnicity or age
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00110-00023079-00023271 and the data set
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00111-00023272-00023550 covers all city agencies that are headed
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00112-00023551-00023919 by a mayoral appointee so this covers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00113-00023920-00024214 about 200 000 individuals
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00114-00024215-00024367 in that work for the new york city
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00115-00024368-00024583 government that is not everybody who
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00116-00024584-00024719 works for the new york city government
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00117-00024720-00024983 but it's a large majority
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00118-00024984-00025103 the data
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00119-00025104-00025303 what does the data tell us just some
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00120-00025304-00025527 main general findings
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00121-00025528-00025639 is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00122-00025639-00025718 one
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00123-00025719-00025846 if you look
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00124-00025847-00025999 just at
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00125-00026000-00026111 the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00126-00026112-00026231 pay
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00127-00026232-00026358 for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00128-00026360-00026662 across gender and the pay across race
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00129-00026663-00026862 and ethnicity
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00130-00026863-00027087 median pay you see there is a huge
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00131-00027088-00027287 difference in median pay for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00132-00027288-00027455 men versus women in the new york city
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00133-00027456-00027623 workforce
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00134-00027624-00027758 and you see there's a huge difference
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00135-00027760-00027951 between median pay
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00136-00027952-00028335 across different races and ethnicities
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00137-00028336-00028599 that is just performing
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00138-00028600-00028767 what i'll get into in the next slides
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00139-00028768-00028927 with
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00140-00028927-00029079 a very like
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00141-00029080-00029446 first look analysis of the data
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00142-00029447-00029670 but if you start digging in and you
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00143-00029672-00029823 start you know
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00144-00029824-00030062 trying to account for the intricacies
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00145-00030063-00030199 you know the job title the number of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00146-00030200-00030462 years of experience the person has
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00147-00030463-00030574 whether they're in a position of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00148-00030575-00030846 management which agency they work for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00149-00030847-00031111 uh you you start to see that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00150-00031112-00031199 the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00151-00031200-00031414 the large discrepancies
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00152-00031416-00031646 start to shrink and you find that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00153-00031647-00031927 employees with similar qualifications
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00154-00031927-00032111 working the same job
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00155-00032112-00032270 tend to get paid
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00156-00032272-00032462 just about the same not exactly they're
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00157-00032463-00032543 still
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00158-00032544-00032831 even even with accounting for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00159-00032832-00033015 all of the bits
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00160-00033016-00033151 in the data
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00161-00033152-00033383 we still find some discrepancies but the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00162-00033384-00033559 huge discrepancies that you see when
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00163-00033560-00033679 just looking at the difference between
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00164-00033680-00033927 men and women or different races and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00165-00033928-00034046 ethnicities
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00166-00034047-00034215 tend to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00167-00034216-00034487 shrink by a large margin
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00168-00034488-00034631 next slide
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00169-00034632-00034799 so um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00170-00034800-00035039 i do see comments so if anybody wants to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00171-00035040-00035318 neck or rose you want to jump in i will
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00172-00035319-00035439 i'm not able to read them because i'm
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00173-00035440-00035630 going to focus on this but do feel free
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00174-00035631-00035830 to jump in but so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00175-00035831-00036127 so jp just wanted to add that it can
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00176-00036128-00036374 also be attributed to title level
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00177-00036375-00036599 which is true that was a factor we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00178-00036600-00036767 included
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00179-00036768-00036951 yeah we'll we'll show all the factors
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00180-00036952-00037159 that were included later on we'll jump
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00181-00037160-00037374 into that i didn't i just kind of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00182-00037375-00037607 skimmed over it um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00183-00037608-00037727 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00184-00037728-00037830 we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00185-00037831-00038015 we now are trying to understand the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00186-00038016-00038167 problem and one of the biggest things we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00187-00038168-00038462 found is that the differences
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00188-00038463-00038727 in pay across race and gender that you
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00189-00038728-00038799 see
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00190-00038800-00039135 when you just analyze median
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00191-00039136-00039215 pay
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00192-00039216-00039495 by race or median pay by gender
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00193-00039496-00039655 or ethnicity
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00194-00039656-00039743 can
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00195-00039744-00039943 be explained
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00196-00039944-00040062 by
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00197-00040063-00040327 occupational segregation so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00198-00040328-00040502 when you see that there is a large
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00199-00040503-00040679 difference across pay for different
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00200-00040680-00040974 groups even if it can be explained by
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00201-00040975-00041158 the other variables that doesn't
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00202-00041159-00041374 necessarily mean that that's okay you
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00203-00041375-00041590 have to start asking questions what
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00204-00041591-00041751 there is still a huge difference and we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00205-00041752-00041895 have to understand why
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00206-00041896-00042083 there is a huge difference
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00207-00042084-00042302 um and so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00208-00042303-00042558 it seems like for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00209-00042559-00042790 a whole plethora of possible reasons it
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00210-00042791-00043039 could be that some jobs are harder for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00211-00043040-00043399 people of a certain ethnicity or race or
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00212-00043400-00043711 gender to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00213-00043712-00043974 be employed in or you know
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00214-00043975-00044183 many conjectures can be made but
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00215-00044184-00044343 what we see is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00216-00044344-00044727 that if you account for the job title
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00217-00044728-00045023 a very large amount of the discrepancy
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00218-00045024-00045239 and pay
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00219-00045240-00045415 that you find across the genders racist
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00220-00045416-00045567 ethnicities
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00221-00045568-00045751 collapses so this leads us to believe
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00222-00045752-00045974 that occupational segregation is really
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00223-00045975-00046167 a key factor here
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00224-00046168-00046295 and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00225-00046296-00046462 so what this tells us
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00226-00046463-00046583 is that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00227-00046584-00046839 the civil service title system
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00228-00046840-00046951 uh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00229-00046952-00047079 which
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00230-00047080-00047183 helps
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00231-00047184-00047407 try to address pay disparities is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00232-00047408-00047590 actually doing its function
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00233-00047591-00048007 when you look within the individual
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00234-00048008-00048318 jobs or within the individual agencies
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00235-00048319-00048495 but that doesn't mean that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00236-00048496-00048758 we can create diversity
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00237-00048759-00048943 just by having a civil service title
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00238-00048944-00049062 system
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00239-00049063-00049239 things are a lot more complex and if we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00240-00049240-00049374 really want to get down to the bottom of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00241-00049375-00049446 the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00242-00049447-00049615 of the issue
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00243-00049616-00049743 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00244-00049744-00049951 we have to we have to perform more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00245-00049952-00050102 investigation to understand why there
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00246-00050103-00050335 are differences that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00247-00050336-00050718 that yield this occupational segregation
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00248-00050719-00050927 we'll go on to the next slide
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00249-00050928-00051046 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00250-00051047-00051358 so some general recommendations
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00251-00051359-00051535 identify jobs that are performing
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00252-00051536-00051670 similar work
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00253-00051671-00051919 but are paid differently that's one
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00254-00051920-00052070 thing off the bat
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00255-00052071-00052246 a statistical analysis won't get the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00256-00052247-00052399 statistical analysis doesn't know what
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00257-00052400-00052559 people in different job titles are doing
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00258-00052560-00052671 it just knows that they have different
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00259-00052672-00052863 job titles and work in potentially
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00260-00052864-00053023 different agencies
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00261-00053024-00053159 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00262-00053160-00053375 again going back if we can increase the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00263-00053376-00053679 diversity within agencies or within
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00264-00053679-00053854 job titles
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00265-00053855-00054111 this issue of occupational segregation
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00266-00054112-00054263 would also be addressed we're going to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00267-00054264-00054463 go into a whole list of recommendations
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00268-00054464-00054607 and we also want to hear your
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00269-00054608-00054766 recommendations for addressing this
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00270-00054767-00054879 issue
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00271-00054879-00055054 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00272-00055055-00055166 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00273-00055167-00055423 now we'll we'll start getting into some
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00274-00055424-00055591 of the uh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00275-00055591-00055823 modeling and analysis i'll i'll give a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00276-00055824-00056071 very brief overview before i hand off to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00277-00056072-00056311 my colleagues but you'll hear us saying
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00278-00056312-00056463 adjusted
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00279-00056464-00056703 and non-adjusted
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00280-00056704-00057079 analyses so an adjusted analysis
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00281-00057079-00057303 means that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00282-00057304-00057526 sorry let me start with non-adjusting a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00283-00057527-00057742 non-adjusted analysis means that we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00284-00057744-00057919 simply looked at the median between
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00285-00057920-00058175 groups we just looked at the median pay
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00286-00058176-00058303 for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00287-00058304-00058542 black individuals and the median pay for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00288-00058544-00058694 white individuals and we looked at the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00289-00058695-00058887 difference
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00290-00058888-00059038 and we didn't adjust for any other
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00291-00059039-00059175 factors
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00292-00059176-00059487 an adjusted analysis means that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00293-00059488-00059711 we ran a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00294-00059712-00060047 model that accounts for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00295-00060048-00060215 the person's title
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00296-00060216-00060423 the agency they work for their title
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00297-00060424-00060591 level as was mentioned
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00298-00060591-00060815 uh the number of years of experience
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00299-00060816-00060966 they have
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00300-00060967-00061094 their age
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00301-00061095-00061279 all of these factors
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00302-00061279-00061647 uh at the same time to try to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00303-00061648-00061982 make an adjusted estimate for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00304-00061983-00062111 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00305-00062112-00062335 what their salary
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00306-00062336-00062559 is expected to be given given the full
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00307-00062560-00062750 data set
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00308-00062751-00062935 to get a little more technical we ran a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00309-00062936-00063094 mixed model
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00310-00063095-00063335 so a mixed model is a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00311-00063336-00063575 form of regression
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00312-00063576-00063694 that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00313-00063695-00063854 allows
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00314-00063855-00064103 for groupings
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00315-00064104-00064326 that are correlated within the data and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00316-00064327-00064535 so we have people that fall within the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00317-00064536-00064750 same agencies people that fall within
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00318-00064751-00065038 the same titles and title levels
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00319-00065039-00065263 and so we treat those
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00320-00065264-00065479 with random effects in in the mixed
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00321-00065479-00065671 model
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00322-00065672-00065759 and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00323-00065760-00066023 and while addressing their the hierarchy
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00324-00066024-00066263 of those levels
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00325-00066264-00066550 fixed effects in the model were gender
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00326-00066551-00066750 race ethnicity which
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00327-00066751-00066999 were combined
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00328-00067000-00067126 for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00329-00067127-00067343 reasons due to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00330-00067344-00067511 specifications within the data it was
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00331-00067512-00067687 just much easier to handle the data that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00332-00067688-00067767 way
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00333-00067768-00067991 uh the age of an individual the number
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00334-00067992-00068223 of years of service
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00335-00068224-00068511 in that position and their
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00336-00068512-00068747 managerial or
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00337-00068748-00068975 supervisory status whether they are a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00338-00068976-00069175 manager um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00339-00069176-00069438 and i i think that is it so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00340-00069439-00069526 now
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00341-00069527-00069679 i guess the next slide i'm gonna hand it
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00342-00069680-00069767 off
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00343-00069768-00069935 sorry i'm not gonna hand it off this is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00344-00069936-00070135 also my thought i apologize
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00345-00070136-00070263 so um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00346-00070264-00070382 last
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00347-00070383-00070615 last bit that i will mention so general
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00348-00070616-00070735 findings
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00349-00070736-00071015 when we applied the mixed model
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00350-00071016-00071238 the unadjusted pay gap
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00351-00071239-00071319 is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00352-00071320-00071606 huge as you see at the top
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00353-00071607-00071767 you see that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00354-00071768-00071847 white
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00355-00071848-00072071 individuals white males specifically if
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00356-00072072-00072255 you can point it out with the cursor
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00357-00072256-00072438 nick
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00358-00072439-00072599 white males
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00359-00072600-00072679 make
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00360-00072680-00073023 a substantially greater amount i think
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00361-00073024-00073111 it was like
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00362-00073112-00073335 20 let me just read it off because i'm
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00363-00073336-00073759 forgetting the numbers 73 to 85 what 22
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00364-00073760-00073999 or 12 000 i i don't know how to math
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00365-00074000-00074143 anymore i'm sorry
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00366-00074144-00074447 uh but a very substantial
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00367-00074448-00074694 amount of greater than
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00368-00074695-00074799 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00369-00074800-00075023 white females and then
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00370-00075024-00075326 you see the same trend across males and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00371-00075327-00075462 females
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00372-00075463-00075638 throughout all
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00373-00075639-00075894 uh races and ethnicities and then on top
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00374-00075895-00076206 of that you see that white individuals
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00375-00076207-00076511 out earn hispanic or latino individuals
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00376-00076512-00076743 uh i should say employees in the city
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00377-00076744-00076935 workforce uh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00378-00076936-00077094 and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00379-00077095-00077367 you see that there are very large
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00380-00077368-00077647 differences across gender and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00381-00077648-00077935 uh race ethnicity but when you perform
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00382-00077936-00078175 the adjusted analysis and now you take
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00383-00078176-00078423 into account the agency that a person is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00384-00078424-00078759 working for the job title and such
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00385-00078760-00079103 those differences shrink dramatically
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00386-00079104-00079191 and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00387-00079192-00079350 what you see
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00388-00079351-00079550 is here at the top where
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00389-00079551-00079743 nick is pointing
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00390-00079744-00079871 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00391-00079872-00080335 white females actually make 99.6
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00392-00080336-00080526 cents to the dollar
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00393-00080527-00080743 that white males make
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00394-00080744-00080879 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00395-00080880-00081215 hispanic or latino female uh females
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00396-00081216-00081311 make
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00397-00081312-00081438 also
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00398-00081439-00081662 less than white females and less than
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00399-00081663-00081903 white males and less than hispanic or
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00400-00081904-00082079 latino males um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00401-00082080-00082303 and you see so on and so forth you could
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00402-00082304-00082559 you could look throughout
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00403-00082560-00082679 the chart
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00404-00082680-00082959 the gap shrunk but it's very much still
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00405-00082960-00083255 there and i should stress that even
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00406-00083256-00083471 though it shrunk a lot
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00407-00083472-00083606 these
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00408-00083607-00083711 minor
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00409-00083712-00083862 relative to the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00410-00083863-00084135 unadjusted pay gap differences
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00411-00084136-00084335 are actually huge when you add them if
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00412-00084336-00084479 you were to add up
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00413-00084480-00084638 the pay difference across the city
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00414-00084639-00084750 workforce
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00415-00084751-00085038 we're talking about a large sum of money
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00416-00085039-00085303 that is being diverted
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00417-00085304-00085526 simply based on
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00418-00085527-00085871 i can't say that for 100 but the data is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00419-00085872-00086094 insinuating that it's based on
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00420-00086095-00086311 factors that it should not
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00421-00086312-00086575 that should not you know be impacting an
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00422-00086576-00086911 individual's salary and so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00423-00086912-00086999 are
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00424-00087000-00087143 our question is how do we address that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00425-00087144-00087318 how do we understand why that's
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00426-00087319-00087423 happening
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00427-00087424-00087526 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00428-00087527-00087711 and also
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00429-00087712-00087975 don't forget that the gaps that we see
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00430-00087976-00088287 in the unadjusted pay are also
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00431-00088288-00088462 they must be addressed and again that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00432-00088463-00088591 that's where the occupational
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00433-00088592-00088743 segregation and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00434-00088744-00089015 diversity uh that we were mentioning
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00435-00089016-00089150 earlier
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00436-00089151-00089247 is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00437-00089248-00089415 is really relevant
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00438-00089416-00089511 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00439-00089512-00089623 all right
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00440-00089624-00089750 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00441-00089751-00089943 with that i'm going to now hand it off
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00442-00089944-00090175 to nick to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00443-00090176-00090318 talk more specifically about some
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00444-00090319-00090575 findings starting off with gender and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00445-00090576-00090862 civil service title code
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00446-00090863-00091062 all right thanks and everybody you can
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00447-00091063-00091206 put questions in the chat we'll try to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00448-00091207-00091462 answer them as they uh come up if you'd
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00449-00091463-00091543 like
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00450-00091544-00091694 um so we're gonna look specifically at
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00451-00091695-00091982 gender and civil service title code now
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00452-00091983-00092071 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00453-00092072-00092255 and we're gonna look at
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00454-00092256-00092423 uh the numbers associated with some of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00455-00092424-00092679 those charts that al was just showing
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00456-00092680-00092943 so if we look at it plainly men are paid
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00457-00092944-00093087 more than women
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00458-00093088-00093294 so men are paid on average
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00459-00093295-00093431 twenty one thousand and six hundred
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00460-00093432-00093662 dollars more than women
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00461-00093663-00093815 that's what we saw in that unadjusted
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00462-00093816-00094047 chart that al was just showing earlier
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00463-00094048-00094182 and that is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00464-00094183-00094399 a large amount of money
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00465-00094400-00094679 so but we see when you do the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00466-00094680-00094879 adjusted pay gap and when you account
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00467-00094880-00095031 for all the factors that we put in the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00468-00095032-00095143 model
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00469-00095144-00095335 men still make more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00470-00095336-00095559 but a dramatic decrease in the amount
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00471-00095560-00095918 that they make more so men make 300 more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00472-00095919-00096118 on average after you account for all
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00473-00096119-00096279 those factors
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00474-00096280-00096431 uh that we were talking about like your
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00475-00096432-00096638 civil service title code years of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00476-00096639-00096935 service etc
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00477-00096936-00097174 so the reason we think that uh there is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00478-00097175-00097455 this dramatic shrinking of the gap
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00479-00097456-00097718 is because of occupational segregation
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00480-00097719-00097974 so one thing we noticed is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00481-00097975-00098223 if you look at different jobs and you
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00482-00098224-00098447 look at the proportion
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00483-00098448-00098582 of women holding that job or the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00484-00098583-00098799 proportion of men holding that job
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00485-00098800-00098999 as the proportion of women
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00486-00099000-00099271 within a civil service title increases
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00487-00099272-00099511 the average salary decreases
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00488-00099512-00099750 so jobs that are mostly held by women
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00489-00099751-00099950 are being paid less
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00490-00099951-00100150 and men are employed in civil service
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00491-00100151-00100359 titles that earn more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00492-00100360-00100471 so you see
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00493-00100472-00100662 the difference in proportion is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00494-00100663-00101031 associated with um differences in salary
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00495-00101032-00101135 and that's
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00496-00101136-00101311 a part of the occupational segregation
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00497-00101312-00101406 problem
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00498-00101407-00101718 so now if we look at race and ethnicity
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00499-00101719-00101855 uh we're going to look similarly
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00500-00101856-00102031 adjusted and unadjusted
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00501-00102032-00102287 so the city-wide unadjusted pay gap
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00502-00102288-00102439 again we're just looking at the median
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00503-00102440-00102647 salary of one race compared to the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00504-00102648-00102871 median salary of another race
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00505-00102872-00103063 no matter what job they're working
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00506-00103064-00103254 blacker african-american workers on
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00507-00103255-00103527 average make twenty seven thousand seven
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00508-00103528-00103686 hundred dollars less
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00509-00103688-00103927 and again that's a substantial amount of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00510-00103928-00104015 money
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00511-00104016-00104206 um and hispanic or latinx workers on
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00512-00104207-00104399 average make nine thousand eight hundred
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00513-00104400-00104575 dollars less than non-hispanic
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00514-00104576-00104727 electronics worker
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00515-00104728-00104886 then when we look at the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00516-00104888-00105078 adjusted pay gap adjusting for those
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00517-00105079-00105175 factors that we were talking about
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00518-00105176-00105423 earlier again civil service uh job title
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00519-00105424-00105623 age years of experience
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00520-00105624-00105831 um we see that black or african american
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00521-00105832-00106015 workers make about one percent less than
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00522-00106016-00106166 white workers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00523-00106167-00106343 and hispanic or latinx workers make two
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00524-00106344-00106551 percent less than non-hispanic lacking
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00525-00106552-00106647 next work
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00526-00106648-00106839 and we see a similar trend for race and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00527-00106840-00107078 ethnicity as we did for gender where
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00528-00107079-00107271 the jobs held
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00529-00107272-00107375 by
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00530-00107376-00107575 non-white individuals
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00531-00107576-00107743 predominantly by non-white individuals
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00532-00107744-00107951 are getting paid less than the jobs held
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00533-00107952-00108286 by white individuals
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00534-00108288-00108471 nick we got a question
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00535-00108472-00108654 okay i can't see it but if you can read
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00536-00108655-00108958 it i can read it uh len asks okay go
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00537-00108959-00109102 ahead
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00538-00109103-00109375 oh i'm actually typing a response but i
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00539-00109376-00109590 guess we can i'll just speak to the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00540-00109591-00109934 response since uh so that is a very
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00541-00109935-00110071 absolutely yeah
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00542-00110072-00110375 and i think in in most real world data
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00543-00110376-00110623 analyses you find that there are so many
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00544-00110624-00110839 variables that you just the reality is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00545-00110840-00111031 you can't account for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00546-00111032-00111151 but
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00547-00111152-00111327 one of the things here
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00548-00111328-00111486 that you do see is that you can glean a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00549-00111488-00111751 lot of useful information for example we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00550-00111752-00112023 were able to show that the civil service
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00551-00112024-00112183 title system
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00552-00112183-00112431 is performing its function um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00553-00112432-00112534 so that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00554-00112535-00112710 kind of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00555-00112711-00112878 i don't want to say we absolved anybody
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00556-00112879-00113223 of blame but we were able to eliminate
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00557-00113224-00113454 some of the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00558-00113455-00113558 false
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00559-00113559-00113639 paths
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00560-00113640-00113799 that somebody may
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00561-00113800-00114119 go down for addressing the issue of pay
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00562-00114120-00114319 uh disparities
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00563-00114320-00114463 and and really what we're doing is we're
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00564-00114464-00114766 trying to make the most use of the data
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00565-00114767-00114951 that we can make and it's
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00566-00114952-00115071 it's not
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00567-00115072-00115254 the really the question the answer to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00568-00115255-00115358 your question is yes there are
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00569-00115359-00115558 limitations but we're we're trying to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00570-00115559-00115678 like you know
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00571-00115679-00115863 do the best we can within those
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00572-00115864-00116007 limitations and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00573-00116008-00116151 and given
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00574-00116152-00116495 how well the model respond the adjusted
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00575-00116496-00116686 model responded
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00576-00116688-00116839 to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00577-00116840-00117007 the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00578-00117008-00117263 to being able to address
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00579-00117264-00117495 the pay disparities
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00580-00117496-00117615 or i guess
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00581-00117616-00117743 mathematically i should say
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00582-00117744-00117910 statistically address them
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00583-00117911-00118119 it gives us a fair amount of confidence
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00584-00118120-00118207 in
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00585-00118208-00118471 in the results to add that for example
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00586-00118472-00118695 the variables that we do have that we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00587-00118696-00118990 accounted for like age
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00588-00118991-00119083 years of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00589-00119083-00119343 experience race
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00590-00119344-00119502 job title
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00591-00119503-00119807 we saw how like we saw the model gave us
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00592-00119808-00120078 like within the same title the pay gap
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00593-00120079-00120295 is very small that when we look at the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00594-00120296-00120471 median salary we saw that there's still
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00595-00120472-00120686 different huge differences so that sort
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00596-00120688-00120823 of helps
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00597-00120824-00121039 tells us that the model is working and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00598-00121040-00121199 that the variables
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00599-00121200-00121614 that we do have is telling us
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00600-00121615-00121814 what's going on in terms of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00601-00121815-00121999 people receiving the same pay within the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00602-00122000-00122366 title so i think we can say with some
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00603-00122367-00122510 confidence
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00604-00122511-00122647 that um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00605-00122648-00122919 people within the same title are
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00606-00122920-00123007 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00607-00123008-00123183 receiving the same pay
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00608-00123183-00123399 right as one exam you'll see that we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00609-00123400-00123583 actually we looked at the results that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00610-00123583-00123734 came out of the model and then we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00611-00123735-00124023 performed exploratory data analysis to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00612-00124024-00124302 to support or verify those results so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00613-00124303-00124551 when you do look at for example
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00614-00124552-00124743 uniform titles which we'll get into
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00615-00124744-00124863 later
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00616-00124864-00125110 you do see that people within this
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00617-00125111-00125319 those uniform titles regardless of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00618-00125320-00125551 gender race ethnicity
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00619-00125552-00125710 or whatever
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00620-00125711-00125854 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00621-00125855-00125990 is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00622-00125991-00126158 are making
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00623-00126159-00126366 similar salaries let me see
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00624-00126367-00126599 okay what are the biggest one or i
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00625-00126600-00126734 apologize nick what are the biggest one
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00626-00126735-00126975 or two differences between men and women
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00627-00126976-00127119 can i just add on to the previous one
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00628-00127120-00127239 really quick
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00629-00127240-00127439 um so even
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00630-00127440-00127654 if you just look at people within the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00631-00127655-00127814 same civil service title code without
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00632-00127815-00127966 accounting for all the other variables
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00633-00127967-00128151 that um we talked about
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00634-00128152-00128351 you still find that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00635-00128352-00128566 the vast majority of them have extremely
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00636-00128567-00128751 similar salaries
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00637-00128752-00128886 being within the same civil service
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00638-00128888-00129199 title code even um not looking across
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00639-00129200-00129327 any of the other variables that we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00640-00129328-00129423 included
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00641-00129424-00129583 so you see that pay gap shrink just
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00642-00129583-00129734 based on that one
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00643-00129735-00129847 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00644-00129848-00130031 accounting for that one variable
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00645-00130032-00130151 and then sorry i didn't see what the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00646-00130152-00130310 other question was
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00647-00130311-00130439 what what are the biggest one or two
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00648-00130440-00130575 difference between men and women within
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00649-00130576-00130695 the same job
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00650-00130696-00130775 i
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00651-00130776-00130934 the data is not
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00652-00130935-00131135 detailed enough to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00653-00131136-00131302 to tell us that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00654-00131303-00131407 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00655-00131408-00131527 we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00656-00131528-00131695 so the 300
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00657-00131696-00131839 difference
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00658-00131840-00132071 that came out from the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00659-00132072-00132278 adjusted analysis
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00660-00132279-00132390 is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00661-00132391-00132631 is looking across many different jobs
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00662-00132632-00132783 it's not telling us that people within
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00663-00132784-00132919 the same job
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00664-00132920-00133119 it's telling us that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00665-00133120-00133471 a man and a woman within the same job
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00666-00133472-00133702 with the same qualifications
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00667-00133703-00133943 would expect to have a 300
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00668-00133944-00134111 difference in salary if they're at the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00669-00134112-00134231 median
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00670-00134232-00134366 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00671-00134367-00134527 this is a hard point to get across but
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00672-00134528-00134799 not not within we know within the same
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00673-00134800-00134959 job title that's not going to be true
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00674-00134960-00135199 but when you're accounting for the fact
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00675-00135200-00135414 that there are many different job titles
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00676-00135415-00135551 and many different
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00677-00135552-00135783 other factors that fluctuate
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00678-00135784-00135943 you still see
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00679-00135944-00136151 a small gap right that was a terrible
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00680-00136152-00136335 explanation i apologize if anybody wants
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00681-00136336-00136583 to i just think that uh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00682-00136584-00136702 we're
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00683-00136703-00136935 we're a little inconclusive on what that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00684-00136936-00137190 300 difference can be
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00685-00137191-00137439 um contributed to attributed to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00686-00137440-00137551 um that's definitely something that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00687-00137552-00137759 we're looking at on
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00688-00137760-00137983 this next report that or not
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00689-00137984-00138135 in the future we're going to look into
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00690-00138136-00138319 um digging into that more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00691-00138320-00138519 you could come up with some guesses on
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00692-00138520-00138711 what's happening but i don't know if we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00693-00138712-00138887 want to speculate too much
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00694-00138888-00139031 without um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00695-00139032-00139231 and just to add to that we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00696-00139232-00139471 now that we're looking into the data and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00697-00139472-00139719 it's making more questions arise some of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00698-00139720-00139990 the recommendations is to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00699-00139991-00140223 have the data be more specific have more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00700-00140224-00140399 data points be put into
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00701-00140400-00140663 more variables added to the data set so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00702-00140664-00140839 that we can answer further questions
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00703-00140840-00140990 that we think may
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00704-00140991-00141223 be
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00705-00141224-00141375 able to address
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00706-00141376-00141663 that gap that 300 yeah
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00707-00141664-00141943 all right nick go ahead
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00708-00141944-00142183 great questions though
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00709-00142184-00142351 um so now
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00710-00142352-00142654 we'll look at the relationship between
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00711-00142655-00142911 age and gender
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00712-00142912-00143078 so this chart on the right we have
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00713-00143079-00143239 median salary
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00714-00143240-00143463 by gender and age so that red line is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00715-00143464-00143631 going to be female employees the blue
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00716-00143632-00143735 line
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00717-00143736-00143926 is male employees
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00718-00143927-00144166 and um as you go to the right you're
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00719-00144167-00144302 getting older
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00720-00144303-00144454 so we see
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00721-00144455-00144663 that women's median earnings
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00722-00144664-00144775 peak
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00723-00144776-00145014 at about seven thousand dollars
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00724-00145015-00145319 while men's median earnings peaks close
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00725-00145320-00145526 to ninety thousand dollars
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00726-00145527-00145695 and you'll also notice that salaries of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00727-00145696-00145975 male employees over the age of 30
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00728-00145976-00146111 are much higher than those of female
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00729-00146112-00146366 employees over the age of 30.
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00730-00146367-00146551 so you'll see in this beginning part of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00731-00146552-00146663 the chart
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00732-00146664-00146783 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00733-00146784-00147231 the younger cohort or younger employees
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00734-00147232-00147423 across the genders have very similar
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00735-00147424-00147543 salaries
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00736-00147544-00147719 right and then you see this
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00737-00147720-00147951 pretty strong divergence here
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00738-00147952-00148319 um and one reason that is commonly
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00739-00148320-00148511 brought up for this uh divergence
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00740-00148512-00148711 salaries would be
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00741-00148712-00148935 the motherhood penalty
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00742-00148936-00149087 in which
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00743-00149088-00149254 women
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00744-00149255-00149535 who disproportionately have to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00745-00149536-00149823 take care of children at home
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00746-00149824-00149943 end up
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00747-00149944-00150159 with lower salaries
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00748-00150160-00150414 um after having a child
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00749-00150415-00150583 there could be other reasons too but
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00750-00150584-00150799 that is a common one that's brought up
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00751-00150800-00151119 differences in uh promotions
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00752-00151120-00151351 and differences in jobs health
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00753-00151352-00151583 okay so let's look at some case studies
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00754-00151584-00151751 that will uh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00755-00151752-00151943 go into some specific agencies to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00756-00151944-00152063 describe
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00757-00152064-00152183 some of that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00758-00152184-00152302 occupational segregation that we were
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00759-00152303-00152407 talking about
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00760-00152408-00152614 so if we look again we're looking at
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00761-00152615-00152766 gender here and its relationship to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00762-00152767-00152943 civil service title code
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00763-00152944-00153071 we're going to look at the fdny
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00764-00153072-00153263 specifically and we're going to look at
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00765-00153264-00153495 their salaries by gender composition so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00766-00153496-00153775 each one of these bars in the chart
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00767-00153776-00153975 is a job
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00768-00153976-00154166 in fdny
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00769-00154167-00154414 and the proportion of blue in the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00770-00154415-00154519 in the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00771-00154520-00154735 bar is the proportion of men that hold
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00772-00154736-00154943 that job and the proportion of red is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00773-00154944-00155087 the proportion of women that hold that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00774-00155088-00155175 job
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00775-00155176-00155414 so you'll see on the far right
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00776-00155415-00155654 those all blue bars
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00777-00155655-00155895 means those jobs are held entirely by
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00778-00155896-00155990 men
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00779-00155991-00156119 and you'll also notice that those are
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00780-00156120-00156319 the highest paying um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00781-00156320-00156551 jobs in fdny
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00782-00156552-00156743 so higher paying civil service titles
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00783-00156744-00157031 within the fdny are consistently male
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00784-00157032-00157151 dominated
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00785-00157152-00157399 so the fdny in general has more males
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00786-00157400-00157614 than females but you'll see that at the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00787-00157615-00157887 top end of the pay scale you'll see even
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00788-00157888-00158078 a higher proportion of males compared to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00789-00158079-00158271 women females
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00790-00158272-00158359 and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00791-00158360-00158654 the these highest paying roles um are
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00792-00158655-00158902 all promotions from firefighter
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00793-00158903-00159135 and above the rank of lieutenant
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00794-00159136-00159407 uh there are no women so those
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00795-00159408-00159671 uh all blue bars at the top
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00796-00159672-00159878 you'll notice there's no red there's no
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00797-00159879-00160159 woman in those jobs and this uh a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00798-00160160-00160407 similar concept occurs in the nypd and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00799-00160408-00160647 do it so if we look at
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00800-00160648-00160814 dsny
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00801-00160815-00161078 and we look across race and ethnicity
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00802-00161079-00161199 again thinking about occupational
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00803-00161200-00161319 segregation
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00804-00161320-00161566 dsny is predominantly
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00805-00161567-00161743 white and male
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00806-00161744-00161911 and you'll see here in the chart we have
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00807-00161912-00162143 title rank by race for the sanitation
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00808-00162144-00162351 service occupational group so we're
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00809-00162352-00162519 thinking about sanitation worker and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00810-00162520-00162743 then going up to supervisor and then up
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00811-00162744-00162966 to general superintendent
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00812-00162967-00163231 and this purple bar is the number of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00813-00163232-00163366 white employees
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00814-00163367-00163487 so you'll see
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00815-00163488-00163743 it's over 50 percent white
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00816-00163744-00163926 for sanitation worker but a little bit
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00817-00163927-00164119 more diverse
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00818-00164120-00164295 you have some hispanic or latino workers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00819-00164296-00164431 or black or african-american workers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00820-00164432-00164511 here
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00821-00164512-00164671 but then as you go up the promotion
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00822-00164672-00164759 ladle
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00823-00164760-00164878 ladder
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00824-00164879-00165014 you have
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00825-00165015-00165247 a higher proportion of white employees
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00826-00165248-00165487 and then as you go up again you have
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00827-00165488-00165702 the overwhelming majority of employees
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00828-00165703-00165838 being white compared to non-white
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00829-00165839-00165990 workers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00830-00165991-00166102 so they're a larger share of white
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00831-00166103-00166335 workers with higher paid titles
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00832-00166336-00166566 compared to the entry level position up
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00833-00166567-00166766 here so we're thinking about who gets
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00834-00166767-00166887 promoted
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00835-00166888-00167119 and who is in the um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00836-00167120-00167311 higher ranking position
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00837-00167312-00167535 and again if uh we look at race and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00838-00167536-00167790 ethnicity but this time for the nypd
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00839-00167791-00167990 we have the title rank by race for the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00840-00167991-00168254 police service occupation group
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00841-00168255-00168511 so if we start here police officer and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00842-00168512-00168663 then you move up to sergeant lieutenant
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00843-00168664-00168775 captain
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00844-00168776-00169014 uh white workers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00845-00169015-00169214 make up um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00846-00169215-00169447 the highest proportion but
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00847-00169448-00169719 there is diversity at this level
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00848-00169720-00169919 you have some hispanic or latino workers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00849-00169920-00170071 black workers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00850-00170072-00170247 uh this one is unknown
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00851-00170248-00170502 but as you go up the promotion scale
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00852-00170503-00170638 you'll notice that the proportion of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00853-00170639-00170814 white workers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00854-00170815-00170951 increases
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00855-00170952-00171151 and the proportion of non-white workers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00856-00171152-00171471 decreases and these uh physicians
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00857-00171472-00171678 obviously are getting paid
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00858-00171679-00171951 a larger amount than the police officer
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00859-00171952-00172135 so now uh for more case studies i'm
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00860-00172136-00172366 going to hand it off to rose who's going
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00861-00172367-00172490 to talk about uniform versus
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00862-00172491-00172695 non-uniformed employees
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00863-00172696-00172999 so this case study um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00864-00173000-00173231 our question that we had in mind was are
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00865-00173232-00173447 there any pay differences between
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00866-00173448-00173702 uniformed and non-uniformed
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00867-00173703-00174031 employees and here we define uniformed
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00868-00174032-00174135 employees
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00869-00174136-00174471 as uniformed titles within the city
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00870-00174472-00174726 service like for example police officers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00871-00174727-00175143 sanitation workers firefighters
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00872-00175144-00175526 and then civilian employees within nypd
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00873-00175527-00175838 or sanitation and then um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00874-00175839-00176078 other employees not part of those sort
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00875-00176079-00176159 of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00876-00176160-00176383 agencies were grouped together as
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00877-00176384-00176551 non-uniformed
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00878-00176552-00176687 employees
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00879-00176688-00177038 and then what we wanted to see was what
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00880-00177039-00177263 salary differences were there within
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00881-00177264-00177671 these two populations and across gender
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00882-00177672-00177935 so we found that for non-uniformed
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00883-00177936-00178143 titles there was a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00884-00178144-00178295 22
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00885-00178296-00178390 000
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00886-00178391-00178535 salary difference
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00887-00178536-00178678 where
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00888-00178679-00178854 the line here in the middle for these
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00889-00178855-00179126 box plots shows the median
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00890-00179127-00179326 so for non-uniformed
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00891-00179327-00179807 uh men make around 67 000 while women
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00892-00179808-00180054 make around 56 000
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00893-00180055-00180287 and this is sort of an example of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00894-00180288-00180543 occupational segregation where
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00895-00180544-00180719 women take
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00896-00180720-00180966 um jobs are paid less and then have jobs
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00897-00180967-00181135 that pay more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00898-00181136-00181351 but when women
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00899-00181352-00181671 do find themselves in uniform titles
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00900-00181672-00181966 they you find sort of what um our model
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00901-00181967-00182278 showed with like parody women do make
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00902-00182279-00182590 the same within similar job titles
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00903-00182591-00182831 so men and women have
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00904-00182832-00183023 the same median salary
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00905-00183024-00183126 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00906-00183127-00183238 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00907-00183239-00183575 that was very interesting to see
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00908-00183576-00183702 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00909-00183703-00183902 and to add on to this occupational
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00910-00183903-00184183 segregation when we look at the counts
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00911-00184184-00184390 how many people how many
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00912-00184391-00184487 uh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00913-00184488-00184759 men and women are within these
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00914-00184760-00184895 categories of uniformed and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00915-00184896-00185159 non-uniformed we find
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00916-00185160-00185614 that most uniformed employees are men 80
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00917-00185615-00185911 and while in non-uniform there's more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00918-00185912-00186102 women than men there's a little more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00919-00186103-00186287 than 50 percent
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00920-00186288-00186454 so women hold the majority of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00921-00186455-00186678 non-uniform titles and men hold the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00922-00186679-00186999 majority of uniform titles
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00923-00187000-00187166 and then when we look at race there's a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00924-00187167-00187302 similar
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00925-00187303-00187399 trend
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00926-00187400-00187687 so within the non-uniformed group
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00927-00187688-00187902 black or african american employees
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00928-00187903-00188071 there are more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00929-00188072-00188207 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00930-00188208-00188350 there's a greater proportion of them
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00931-00188351-00188599 within this non-uniform category with
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00932-00188600-00188814 almost 40 percent
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00933-00188815-00189047 and then when we look at uniformed black
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00934-00189048-00189311 or african american employees are
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00935-00189312-00189631 a little more than 15 and white there's
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00936-00189632-00189959 much more there's 40 percent uniformed
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00937-00189960-00190150 white employees then and then with
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00938-00190151-00190599 non-uniform there's 25 percent weight um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00939-00190600-00190750 so this continues to show the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00940-00190751-00190959 occupational segregation
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00941-00190960-00191143 case
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00942-00191144-00191319 next slide
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00943-00191320-00191559 so for our final case study
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00944-00191560-00191638 we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00945-00191639-00192087 had this question about does agency a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00946-00192088-00192343 pay more for the same job performed at
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00947-00192344-00192511 agency b
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00948-00192512-00192614 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00949-00192615-00192743 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00950-00192744-00193031 so sort of to we did a first
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00951-00193032-00193247 try at identifying
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00952-00193248-00193471 two positions that we thought pay uh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00953-00193472-00193726 perform the same job so doc officer
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00954-00193727-00193887 versus dop
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00955-00193888-00194007 officers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00956-00194008-00194111 and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00957-00194112-00194238 we looked
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00958-00194239-00194526 at the salaries
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00959-00194527-00194838 salary differences for the time within
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00960-00194839-00195175 city service and we see that for dop
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00961-00195176-00195399 they and doc they begin around the same
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00962-00195400-00195687 point but then after five years doc
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00963-00195688-00196007 officers jump up to about 85 000
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00964-00196008-00196302 while dop officers are flat
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00965-00196303-00196423 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00966-00196424-00196519 and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00967-00196520-00196735 what we found and got more information
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00968-00196736-00196919 about whether like
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00969-00196920-00197199 are these titles are these jobs the same
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00970-00197200-00197423 should be they be paid the same uh we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00971-00197424-00197654 found that d there's this factor of like
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00972-00197655-00197926 risk and we found that doc jobs are
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00973-00197927-00198214 riskier than dop jobs so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00974-00198215-00198350 um dop
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00975-00198351-00198654 works with probation population group um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00976-00198655-00198783 while doc
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00977-00198784-00199007 works i think with a inmate population
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00978-00199008-00199087 group
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00979-00199088-00199287 um so that could be explaining why
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00980-00199288-00199471 there's this difference in salary
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00981-00199472-00199671 between doc and dop
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00982-00199672-00199823 i guess next
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00983-00199824-00199999 or if there's any questions in the chat
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00984-00200000-00200111 to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00985-00200112-00200319 i think we got a question there why is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00986-00200320-00200502 there a break in the chart so if we can
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00987-00200503-00200775 go back to the chart yeah um so i knew
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00988-00200776-00200943 we would get that question when we put
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00989-00200944-00201247 this chart up um so a choice we made was
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00990-00201248-00201438 like do we want to cover that up but i
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00991-00201439-00201654 think there's there was just no
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00992-00201655-00201871 data point i believe there or something
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00993-00201872-00202031 there um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00994-00202032-00202311 nobody said 15 years yeah
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00995-00202312-00202431 mdop
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00996-00202432-00202687 yeah happened to be the quirk of the day
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00997-00202688-00202823 right so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00998-00202824-00202943 the question like should i just smooth
y7Rap_Pv1eE-00999-00202944-00203054 that over
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01000-00203055-00203311 but we just left it as is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01001-00203312-00203526 um i think there's more questions
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01002-00203527-00203678 it's interesting when you look across
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01003-00203679-00203887 non-uniform positions
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01004-00203888-00204150 there's one before that what was the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01005-00204151-00204350 title specifically
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01006-00204351-00204726 i think just doc officer and dop officer
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01007-00204727-00204910 um it would be in the report that we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01008-00204911-00205079 have um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01009-00205080-00205398 officer essentially i think officer yeah
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01010-00205400-00205679 um al you can go ahead it's interesting
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01011-00205680-00205806 when you look across non-uniform
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01012-00205807-00206046 positions there would be a great gap
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01013-00206048-00206166 between
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01014-00206167-00206390 women and men
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01015-00206391-00206662 interesting study it would be
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01016-00206663-00206855 oh oh you're you're proposing that's a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01017-00206856-00207127 proposal nobody has worked exactly i
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01018-00207128-00207319 think it's 15 years here
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01019-00207319-00207551 yeah ndop
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01020-00207552-00207703 rose back to you
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01021-00207704-00208006 okay so when we look at the demographic
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01022-00208007-00208351 breakdown between doc and dop we do see
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01023-00208352-00208566 again
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01024-00208567-00208766 things that support occupational
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01025-00208767-00209134 segregation so at dop dop officers
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01026-00209135-00209414 they're 68 female while
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01027-00209415-00209791 doc officers they're 41 female
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01028-00209792-00210087 and then dop officers they are 65
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01029-00210088-00210334 percent black or african american well
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01030-00210335-00210623 doc officers they are 35 black
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01031-00210623-00210767 african-american
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01032-00210767-00211031 um so there's this sort of like pipeline
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01033-00211032-00211191 or
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01034-00211192-00211406 more whites and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01035-00211407-00211527 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01036-00211528-00211919 men are within doc than dop and vice
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01037-00211919-00212023 versa
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01038-00212023-00212110 okay
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01039-00212111-00212319 so for a bird's eye view so stepping
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01040-00212319-00212663 back from these particular case studies
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01041-00212664-00213039 we had a question on how similar
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01042-00213040-00213310 so is the city's workforce reflective of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01043-00213311-00213527 the new york city population
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01044-00213528-00213934 um if we go to the next slide
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01045-00213935-00214039 we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01046-00214040-00214231 decided to build a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01047-00214232-00214455 sort of this diversity metric are
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01048-00214456-00214751 agencies matching or close to the new
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01049-00214752-00214975 york city work for the new york city
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01050-00214976-00215167 working population
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01051-00215167-00215358 i think we lost the slides
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01052-00215359-00215471 one moment
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01053-00215471-00215734 uh yeah sorry i'm trying to put the uh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01054-00215735-00215927 the interactive version up
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01055-00215928-00216039 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01056-00216040-00216358 okay great so just to um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01057-00216359-00216519 state the new york city working
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01058-00216519-00216951 population the breakdown and they're 52
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01059-00216952-00217342 female 22 black 29 hispanic
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01060-00217344-00217782 14 asian and 3 percent some other race
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01061-00217783-00217863 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01062-00217864-00218246 here um there's two on the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01063-00218248-00218558 horizontal axis we have gender and then
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01064-00218559-00218782 on the vertical axis
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01065-00218783-00219055 i have race and ethnicity
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01066-00219056-00219158 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01067-00219159-00219487 zero means that the agencies are
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01068-00219488-00219623 closely
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01069-00219623-00219831 in terms of distance and similarity so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01070-00219832-00220063 they match new york city's population so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01071-00220064-00220191 they're reflective of the new york city
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01072-00220192-00220382 population these agencies
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01073-00220383-00220582 while the ones farther away
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01074-00220583-00220887 their gender or race or both race and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01075-00220888-00221167 gender are very far away from what the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01076-00221167-00221375 new york city population and they don't
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01077-00221376-00221606 meet the diversity of the new york city
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01078-00221607-00221727 population
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01079-00221728-00221879 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01080-00221880-00221991 on
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01081-00221992-00222246 the bright side a lot of agencies fall
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01082-00222248-00222542 within this like lower left quadrant
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01083-00222544-00222798 which means that they match both race
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01084-00222800-00222975 and genders
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01085-00222976-00223167 demographics to the city working
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01086-00223167-00223294 population
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01087-00223296-00223487 but then we have
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01088-00223488-00223679 some issue areas
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01089-00223680-00223982 for gender
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01090-00223983-00224182 exclusively and then race exclusively
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01091-00224183-00224398 and then two agencies that have both
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01092-00224400-00224679 race and gender issues potentially
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01093-00224680-00224775 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01094-00224776-00225079 sanitation appears again
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01095-00225080-00225351 the fire department appears here
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01096-00225352-00225727 we also see that acs shows up here with
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01097-00225728-00226006 having um i think more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01098-00226007-00226206 black employees
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01099-00226207-00226431 than um higher on average than the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01100-00226432-00226703 city's working population
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01101-00226704-00226815 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01102-00226816-00227103 dop here um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01103-00227104-00227398 oh i think we have a raised hand um can
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01104-00227400-00227510 we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01105-00227511-00227751 allow someone to ask a question
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01106-00227752-00228079 or was that a mistake
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01107-00228080-00228439 i don't see it anymore okay so i will um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01108-00228440-00228598 continue
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01109-00228600-00228839 so going back to our slides
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01110-00228840-00229094 so to recap what that sort of diversity
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01111-00229096-00229271 metric so there's different ways to do a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01112-00229271-00229446 diversity um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01113-00229448-00229679 analysis this is one way we decided to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01114-00229680-00229927 go about um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01115-00229928-00230134 but in the meantime i can mention that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01116-00230135-00230263 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01117-00230264-00230358 oh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01118-00230359-00230606 yeah he's here he's still there
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01119-00230607-00230782 i just got booted sorry i'll put it back
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01120-00230783-00230846 up
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01121-00230848-00231006 no problem
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01122-00231007-00231246 um but i don't have sharing oh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01123-00231248-00231415 agreements anymore
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01124-00231416-00231806 um how do i make you a co-host again
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01125-00231807-00232006 i just made you a co-host you have
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01126-00232007-00232158 access now
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01127-00232159-00232510 uh yes thank you oh no disabled chair
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01128-00232511-00232767 i think that's because you signed out
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01129-00232767-00232998 and signed back in um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01130-00233000-00233223 i just did it again try again
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01131-00233223-00233391 i can do it now thank you
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01132-00233392-00233615 great
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01133-00233616-00233934 okay next slide when you can
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01134-00233935-00234231 oh next slide okay yeah
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01135-00234232-00234398 so here we pull out some of these
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01136-00234400-00234646 agencies that were
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01137-00234648-00234767 flagged
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01138-00234767-00235071 in our chart so nypd sanitation fire
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01139-00235071-00235542 department do it dop acs and dhs so some
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01140-00235544-00235727 of the ones that we didn't do a case
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01141-00235728-00235982 study for like do it they have higher
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01142-00235983-00236175 paid positions their higher paid
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01143-00236176-00236423 positions are male dominated
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01144-00236423-00236727 within acs it's a low paying
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01145-00236728-00236991 agency has a low median salary it's
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01146-00236992-00237351 highly staffed by black women and at dhs
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01147-00237352-00237534 it's another low paying agency the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01148-00237535-00237734 median salary is low
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01149-00237735-00237887 and it's highly staffed by black
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01150-00237888-00238127 employees so i guess here comes like the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01151-00238128-00238319 question of what
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01152-00238319-00238615 work do we value and it seems
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01153-00238616-00238855 that the more technical jobs like i do
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01154-00238856-00238942 it
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01155-00238944-00239134 um the protective service jobs like
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01156-00239135-00239342 within nypd
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01157-00239344-00239606 um are valued more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01158-00239607-00239975 than sort of like supportive
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01159-00239976-00240479 caregiving jobs like acs and dhs
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01160-00240480-00240655 their titles may be lower in the pay
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01161-00240656-00240882 scale compared to titles used by other
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01162-00240883-00241127 agencies um yeah i guess there could be
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01163-00241128-00241246 a question where maybe they're
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01164-00241248-00241487 performing the same jobs but they have
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01165-00241488-00241671 different titles
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01166-00241671-00241863 and that's another problem
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01167-00241864-00242175 um the agencies with lower salaries
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01168-00242176-00242334 agency specific
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01169-00242335-00242471 titles yeah
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01170-00242471-00242655 and that was what the investigation
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01171-00242656-00242967 between doc and dop was trying to get at
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01172-00242967-00243071 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01173-00243071-00243175 right
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01174-00243176-00243398 sorry no that's not those were the same
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01175-00243400-00243527 title you're talking about using
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01176-00243528-00243742 different titles my apologies
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01177-00243744-00243887 that that would be something a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01178-00243888-00244110 comparable worth analysis would get at
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01179-00244111-00244198 though
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01180-00244200-00244310 so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01181-00244311-00244527 so with that our next slide is about
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01182-00244528-00244734 recommendations that the council have
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01183-00244735-00244958 started to think about
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01184-00244959-00245271 um so we have sort of like five buckets
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01185-00245271-00245558 so the job pipeline how can we improve
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01186-00245559-00245751 the job pipeline to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01187-00245752-00246071 diversify titles that have traditionally
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01188-00246071-00246279 are traditionally less diverse
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01189-00246280-00246406 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01190-00246407-00246671 the need to examine hiring practices so
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01191-00246671-00246887 our job ads
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01192-00246888-00247039 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01193-00247040-00247351 not gender inclusive so maybe like we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01194-00247352-00247646 know that women need
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01195-00247648-00247879 women are less likely to apply
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01196-00247880-00248127 to a job they feel less qualified where
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01197-00248128-00248503 men are don't have the same issue
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01198-00248504-00248710 so maybe that's in the way we write job
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01199-00248711-00248967 ads can help address that
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01200-00248967-00249134 and then comparative worth analysis
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01201-00249135-00249382 which is what we try to start to do with
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01202-00249383-00249742 the doc and dop comparison but we feel
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01203-00249744-00250006 like it needs a lot more investigation
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01204-00250007-00250375 than just the data that we have
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01205-00250376-00250575 and then examining the civil service
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01206-00250576-00250751 exam system
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01207-00250752-00251142 um here's a source to address that 300
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01208-00251144-00251398 pay gap or maybe other issues with any
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01209-00251400-00251575 like the pay scale issues that some of
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01210-00251576-00251727 you guys have brought up
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01211-00251728-00251975 and then legislation so the council is a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01212-00251976-00252223 legislative body one way the council can
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01213-00252223-00252334 help
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01214-00252335-00252591 address pay inequities is through
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01215-00252592-00252727 legislation
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01216-00252728-00252846 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01217-00252848-00253103 and i think that is our last slide and i
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01218-00253104-00253271 think we open up for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01219-00253271-00253463 questions ideas
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01220-00253464-00253671 if someone wants to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01221-00253671-00253830 speak they can
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01222-00253831-00254079 and here's our info if anyone wants to
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01223-00254080-00254294 reach us and we will be sharing the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01224-00254296-00254663 slides via email so nick sent a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01225-00254664-00254855 a morning
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01226-00254856-00255079 reminder email today so we'll send one
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01227-00255080-00255198 after
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01228-00255200-00255351 after the meeting
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01229-00255352-00255479 um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01230-00255480-00255639 i'm gonna i'm gonna go ahead with a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01231-00255640-00255910 shameless plug as people think up of any
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01232-00255911-00256134 questions and i'm just gonna
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01233-00256135-00256351 throw out there that the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01234-00256352-00256575 council data team is hiring
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01235-00256576-00256663 and
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01236-00256664-00256894 if anybody knows anybody that may be
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01237-00256896-00257015 interested
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01238-00257016-00257134 you can
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01239-00257135-00257246 forward them to the new york city
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01240-00257248-00257510 council website where you can find
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01241-00257511-00257782 the application
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01242-00257783-00257927 this is a preview of some of the stuff
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01243-00257928-00258071 we worked on
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01244-00258071-00258294 um but yeah
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01245-00258296-00258430 i was just going to say if you have a
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01246-00258431-00258630 link um put it in the chat and we'll
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01247-00258631-00258910 also be sure to put that in our uh our
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01248-00258911-00259151 daily newsletter to open day to week
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01249-00259152-00259327 attendees
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01250-00259328-00259591 fantastic i will do that right now
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01251-00259592-00259782 has the link been updated to the version
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01252-00259783-00259894 we want
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01253-00259896-00260134 it will still be the same link we are
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01254-00260135-00260382 but i think
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01255-00260383-00260575 okay we can save it to put out whatever
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01256-00260576-00260815 day you want us to put it out
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01257-00260816-00260927 but um
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01258-00260928-00261055 we uh
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01259-00261056-00261375 there are i think this is absolutely
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01260-00261376-00261655 uh related so we're gonna we're gonna
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01261-00261656-00261742 we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01262-00261744-00262110 use what's called a gender decoder
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01263-00262111-00262391 we can thank rose and her colleagues for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01264-00262392-00262510 doing this
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01265-00262511-00262703 it takes the resume
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01266-00262704-00262863 and it analyzes words i think it's
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01267-00262864-00262982 pretty simple it just reads through the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01268-00262983-00263255 words and it sees whether the res not
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01269-00263256-00263527 resume the job application is
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01270-00263528-00263791 masculine or feminine coded whether it
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01271-00263792-00263982 encourages more
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01272-00263983-00264239 men or women to apply and what we found
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01273-00264240-00264367 is that the way we had originally
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01274-00264368-00264671 written it was very masculine strongly
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01275-00264672-00264815 masculine coded
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01276-00264816-00264975 [Music]
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01277-00264976-00265175 and then we've updated it we
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01278-00265176-00265391 accidentally used the old version which
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01279-00265392-00265551 is why we're
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01280-00265552-00265751 updating it but it'll be updated on the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01281-00265752-00265919 website yeah
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01282-00265920-00266143 oh wow do you have info on that the
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01283-00266144-00266303 decoder as well
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01284-00266304-00266423 we can
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01285-00266424-00266630 drop that we can drop a link yeah for
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01286-00266631-00266958 sure
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01287-00266959-00268534 [Applause]
y7Rap_Pv1eE-01288-00268535-00268744 you
y8vuVf4U-YU-00000-00000019-00000419 for a CEO mipt for acetoxy and methyl
y8vuVf4U-YU-00001-00000420-00000611 and isopropyl tryptamine or MIT press
y8vuVf4U-YU-00002-00000612-00000883 even is a psychedelic tryptamine it is
y8vuVf4U-YU-00003-00000884-00001118 closely related to Oh acetyl psilocin
y8vuVf4U-YU-00004-00001119-00001412 and mipt there is very little
y8vuVf4U-YU-00005-00001413-00001634 information on the human pharmacology or
y8vuVf4U-YU-00006-00001635-00001942 toxicity of for a co mipt although
y8vuVf4U-YU-00007-00001943-00002123 analytical methods have been developed
y8vuVf4U-YU-00008-00002124-00002711 for its detection
y8vuVf4U-YU-00009-00002712-00003303 topic drug prohibition laws
y8vuVf4U-YU-00010-00003304-00003642 you
y8vuVf4U-YU-00011-00003643-00004129 topic Sweden
y8vuVf4U-YU-00012-00004130-00004378 Sveriges Riksbank health ministry
y8vuVf4U-YU-00013-00004379-00004606 statins focus on institute classified
y8vuVf4U-YU-00014-00004607-00005005 for a co mi pts health hazard under the
y8vuVf4U-YU-00015-00005006-00005287 ACT login' ohm for budmo visa how so far
y8vuVf4U-YU-00016-00005288-00005485 Liga var or translated act on the
y8vuVf4U-YU-00017-00005486-00005683 prohibition of certain Goods dangerous
y8vuVf4U-YU-00018-00005684-00005977 to health as of November 1st 2005 in the
y8vuVf4U-YU-00019-00005978-00006423 regulation SF s 2005 to 733 listed as
y8vuVf4U-YU-00020-00006425-00006664 for acetic CN and metal isopropyl
y8vuVf4U-YU-00021-00006665-00006948 tryptamine for ACO mipt making it
y8vuVf4U-YU-00022-00006950-00007255 illegal to sell or possess
y9jMgfspnhM-00000-00000832-00000975 hello everyone this is david from
y9jMgfspnhM-00001-00000976-00001174 goldstar tool.com
y9jMgfspnhM-00002-00001175-00001543 working on a jukety 7523
y9jMgfspnhM-00003-00001544-00002014 right uh u11b 64.
y9jMgfspnhM-00004-00002016-00002318 um a great machine
y9jMgfspnhM-00005-00002319-00002687 flat bed cover stitch five thread
y9jMgfspnhM-00006-00002688-00002999 three needle could be used
y9jMgfspnhM-00007-00003000-00003486 um two needles
y9jMgfspnhM-00008-00003488-00003719 quarter inch we made a video on this one
y9jMgfspnhM-00009-00003720-00003815 before
y9jMgfspnhM-00010-00003815-00004006 so today i'm not going to go over all
y9jMgfspnhM-00011-00004007-00004191 the details you just looking at it
y9jMgfspnhM-00012-00004192-00004463 just close up to this right here so they
y9jMgfspnhM-00013-00004464-00004543 know
y9jMgfspnhM-00014-00004544-00004911 this is covered it's top wall
y9jMgfspnhM-00015-00004912-00005183 and bottom it's five thread now you
y9jMgfspnhM-00016-00005184-00005415 could have this
y9jMgfspnhM-00017-00005416-00005663 not like black on top only on the bottom
y9jMgfspnhM-00018-00005664-00005735 so if
y9jMgfspnhM-00019-00005736-00006070 they might get better if you here we go
y9jMgfspnhM-00020-00006071-00006383 this is it so these are these machines
y9jMgfspnhM-00021-00006384-00006631 are mostly used for jersey on their
y9jMgfspnhM-00022-00006631-00007214 swimwear yoga wear
y9jMgfspnhM-00023-00007215-00007591 and activa all right now
y9jMgfspnhM-00024-00007592-00007767 today we're not showing this machine
y9jMgfspnhM-00025-00007768-00007903 because we had already
y9jMgfspnhM-00026-00007904-00008239 a video on this uh we're gonna show you
y9jMgfspnhM-00027-00008240-00008519 uh people always calling and want to
y9jMgfspnhM-00028-00008520-00008559 know
y9jMgfspnhM-00029-00008560-00008895 how do they use a binder on this machine
y9jMgfspnhM-00030-00008896-00009206 and this is a binder okay
y9jMgfspnhM-00031-00009207-00009463 and this one this is shipping out to a
y9jMgfspnhM-00032-00009464-00009535 customer
y9jMgfspnhM-00033-00009536-00009671 and i promised her i'm going to make a
y9jMgfspnhM-00034-00009672-00009927 video and i'm going to leave this on the
y9jMgfspnhM-00035-00009928-00010031 machine for her
y9jMgfspnhM-00036-00010032-00010383 so this is s124b it's like slam one two
y9jMgfspnhM-00037-00010384-00010423 four
y9jMgfspnhM-00038-00010424-00010751 b like baby actually now this is
y9jMgfspnhM-00039-00010752-00010999 double size what that double size means
y9jMgfspnhM-00040-00011000-00011183 or double full
y9jMgfspnhM-00041-00011184-00011471 you have two type of folding one is raw
y9jMgfspnhM-00042-00011472-00011567 edge meaning
y9jMgfspnhM-00043-00011568-00011927 one fold like this this is raw edge
y9jMgfspnhM-00044-00011928-00012119 okay some people don't want that that
y9jMgfspnhM-00045-00012120-00012287 would be s124
y9jMgfspnhM-00046-00012288-00012599 a it's like sound one two four a like
y9jMgfspnhM-00047-00012600-00012710 apple
y9jMgfspnhM-00048-00012711-00013151 this is s124b double f4 meaning you get
y9jMgfspnhM-00049-00013152-00013703 one fold another fold
y9jMgfspnhM-00050-00013704-00014151 and a third fold like that
y9jMgfspnhM-00051-00014152-00014463 called clean finish double fault
y9jMgfspnhM-00052-00014463-00014894 okay and today we're working on an s124b
y9jMgfspnhM-00053-00014895-00015222 size one and one quarter okay 32
y9jMgfspnhM-00054-00015223-00015294 millimeter
y9jMgfspnhM-00055-00015295-00015471 going in eight millimeter coming out
y9jMgfspnhM-00056-00015472-00015686 eight millimeter is 5 16
y9jMgfspnhM-00057-00015687-00015927 or 3 8 it depends because this
y9jMgfspnhM-00058-00015928-00016150 millimeter is very hard to
y9jMgfspnhM-00059-00016151-00016503 um how do you say it to
y9jMgfspnhM-00060-00016504-00016815 um have the exact inch
y9jMgfspnhM-00061-00016816-00016999 size so between three eighths and five
y9jMgfspnhM-00062-00017000-00017135 six okay
y9jMgfspnhM-00063-00017136-00017319 uh let me just go ahead and finish the
y9jMgfspnhM-00064-00017320-00017663 sewing right here
y9jMgfspnhM-00065-00017664-00018079 okay and then i will go ahead
y9jMgfspnhM-00066-00018080-00018407 and i'm gonna use this fleece
y9jMgfspnhM-00067-00018408-00018750 okay and
y9jMgfspnhM-00068-00018751-00019055 i'm gonna go ahead and
y9jMgfspnhM-00069-00019056-00019535 try to show
y9jMgfspnhM-00070-00019536-00019886 okay beautiful by the way these are
y9jMgfspnhM-00071-00019887-00020071 tension you could be adjusting the
y9jMgfspnhM-00072-00020072-00020199 tension
y9jMgfspnhM-00073-00020200-00020550 to do exactly what you
y9jMgfspnhM-00074-00020551-00020750 need to do what type of work this is the
y9jMgfspnhM-00075-00020751-00020950 fleece now
y9jMgfspnhM-00076-00020951-00021127 the machine when you buy the machine i'm
y9jMgfspnhM-00077-00021128-00021278 going to put my glass down it's going to
y9jMgfspnhM-00078-00021279-00021327 come
y9jMgfspnhM-00079-00021328-00021503 with this section this section right
y9jMgfspnhM-00080-00021504-00021678 here this bracket is for
y9jMgfspnhM-00081-00021679-00021950 folders you also get these screws in it
y9jMgfspnhM-00082-00021951-00022135 see all of these things all these holes
y9jMgfspnhM-00083-00022136-00022183 all these
y9jMgfspnhM-00084-00022184-00022527 screws right here are four folders
y9jMgfspnhM-00085-00022528-00022830 folders or binding folders or hemming
y9jMgfspnhM-00086-00022831-00022958 whatever there is
y9jMgfspnhM-00087-00022959-00023183 you could also we could we also make a
y9jMgfspnhM-00088-00023184-00023311 lot of special
y9jMgfspnhM-00089-00023312-00024127 custom made um folders now
y9jMgfspnhM-00090-00024128-00024430 this is the needle guard
y9jMgfspnhM-00091-00024431-00024727 i'm gonna put it back up all right and
y9jMgfspnhM-00092-00024728-00024775 i'm gonna
y9jMgfspnhM-00093-00024776-00025303 adjust this i'm gonna take these two out
y9jMgfspnhM-00094-00025304-00025687 okay this is fully submerged machine
y9jMgfspnhM-00095-00025688-00025943 meaning it's sitting down here
y9jMgfspnhM-00096-00025944-00026246 um you could also get this ceiling on
y9jMgfspnhM-00097-00026247-00026646 the top
y9jMgfspnhM-00098-00026647-00026951 and then
y9jMgfspnhM-00099-00026952-00027351 why
y9jMgfspnhM-00100-00027352-00027702 so um
y9jMgfspnhM-00101-00027704-00028111 the machine including table legs
y9jMgfspnhM-00102-00028112-00028455 thread stand led lamp brushless servo
y9jMgfspnhM-00103-00028456-00028551 motor
y9jMgfspnhM-00104-00028552-00028823 all the goodies all the bells and what
y9jMgfspnhM-00105-00028824-00028967 they call jingle bell what
y9jMgfspnhM-00106-00028968-00029174 other bells and jingles bellow down
y9jMgfspnhM-00107-00029175-00029311 jingles
y9jMgfspnhM-00108-00029312-00029614 um very good machine okay the way you do
y9jMgfspnhM-00109-00029616-00029655 it
y9jMgfspnhM-00110-00029656-00029879 you put this here the holes are already
y9jMgfspnhM-00111-00029880-00030111 there you see that
y9jMgfspnhM-00112-00030112-00030335 you know what i'm gonna go ahead and get
y9jMgfspnhM-00113-00030336-00030518 rid of this up here
y9jMgfspnhM-00114-00030519-00030870 get it out and open this up put this in
y9jMgfspnhM-00115-00030872-00030967 here
y9jMgfspnhM-00116-00030968-00031335 all right and
y9jMgfspnhM-00117-00031336-00031551 all these screws all these holes could
y9jMgfspnhM-00118-00031552-00031718 be used
y9jMgfspnhM-00119-00031719-00032062 right to what you need now i'm going to
y9jMgfspnhM-00120-00032063-00032223 take this out because these are on the
y9jMgfspnhM-00121-00032224-00032287 way
y9jMgfspnhM-00122-00032288-00032599 we're going to put them on on the side
y9jMgfspnhM-00123-00032600-00032943 these are all provided from juchi not us
y9jMgfspnhM-00124-00032944-00033183 the the all the screws and stuff okay
y9jMgfspnhM-00125-00033184-00033446 now you see this one is much better here
y9jMgfspnhM-00126-00033447-00033711 i'm going to go ahead and use this i
y9jMgfspnhM-00127-00033712-00033751 know
y9jMgfspnhM-00128-00033752-00033943 i don't have to explain all of this to
y9jMgfspnhM-00129-00033944-00034246 you guys you are very good at it i know
y9jMgfspnhM-00130-00034247-00034687 but um sometimes it's better to see if
y9jMgfspnhM-00131-00034688-00034911 there is any problem here
y9jMgfspnhM-00132-00034912-00035127 you see that there sometime might be a
y9jMgfspnhM-00133-00035128-00035239 problem
y9jMgfspnhM-00134-00035240-00035671 not everything is uh
y9jMgfspnhM-00135-00035672-00035855 and we don't do one of those videos that
y9jMgfspnhM-00136-00035856-00035999 you cut
y9jMgfspnhM-00137-00036000-00036318 and paste and make it
y9jMgfspnhM-00138-00036319-00036743 okay uh is this good should i
y9jMgfspnhM-00139-00036744-00037287 i think i should go use the other side
y9jMgfspnhM-00140-00037288-00037687 see we're gonna go further down
y9jMgfspnhM-00141-00037688-00038071 because this is what i'm gonna go here
y9jMgfspnhM-00142-00038072-00038135 you see that
y9jMgfspnhM-00143-00038136-00038535 i'm gonna use this other uh hole
y9jMgfspnhM-00144-00038536-00038927 just to make sure all right now
y9jMgfspnhM-00145-00038928-00039283 put this down uh there are
y9jMgfspnhM-00146-00039284-00039559 also uh there is
y9jMgfspnhM-00147-00039560-00040046 also a um
y9jMgfspnhM-00148-00040047-00040174 i'm gonna bring it i'm gonna show you
y9jMgfspnhM-00149-00040175-00040335 guys there's also i'm not gonna use it
y9jMgfspnhM-00150-00040336-00040551 but i will show it to you what it is
y9jMgfspnhM-00151-00040552-00040974 uh there is also a special food
y9jMgfspnhM-00152-00040975-00041279 that you could use for this machine just
y9jMgfspnhM-00153-00041280-00041462 pot so i could go bring that
y9jMgfspnhM-00154-00041463-00041679 food because i forgot to bring it but
y9jMgfspnhM-00155-00041680-00041823 we're not gonna use that food but
y9jMgfspnhM-00156-00041824-00042007 because i don't wanna but we're gonna go
y9jMgfspnhM-00157-00042008-00042111 ahead and
y9jMgfspnhM-00158-00042112-00042583 show it to them put one hold
y9jMgfspnhM-00159-00042584-00043035 so this would call 94909
y9jMgfspnhM-00160-00043036-00043607 94909 it's a
y9jMgfspnhM-00161-00043608-00043990 foot right that goes in here and give
y9jMgfspnhM-00162-00043991-00044246 allows the folder
y9jMgfspnhM-00163-00044247-00044502 sits here right you see that i'm not
y9jMgfspnhM-00164-00044503-00044687 gonna use that
y9jMgfspnhM-00165-00044688-00044815 i'm not gonna use it i'm not gonna i'm
y9jMgfspnhM-00166-00044816-00044999 gonna just go ahead and use the original
y9jMgfspnhM-00167-00045000-00045174 one on the machine but these are not
y9jMgfspnhM-00168-00045175-00045335 expensive i think about 20 bucks on our
y9jMgfspnhM-00169-00045336-00045474 website
y9jMgfspnhM-00170-00045475-00045727 94909 um
y9jMgfspnhM-00171-00045728-00045943 as you see here whenever you buy the
y9jMgfspnhM-00172-00045944-00046055 machine
y9jMgfspnhM-00173-00046056-00046383 uh there are gauge set meaning the
y9jMgfspnhM-00174-00046384-00046639 between these two needles
y9jMgfspnhM-00175-00046640-00047023 this machine is 6.4 uh there is also a
y9jMgfspnhM-00176-00047024-00047262 machine that are 5.6
y9jMgfspnhM-00177-00047263-00047607 99 of the machine out there are 6.4
y9jMgfspnhM-00178-00047608-00047855 millimeter
y9jMgfspnhM-00179-00047856-00048143 and we also have in our accessories and
y9jMgfspnhM-00180-00048144-00048199 in
y9jMgfspnhM-00181-00048200-00048518 on spare parts five point this one it
y9jMgfspnhM-00182-00048519-00048551 says
y9jMgfspnhM-00183-00048552-00048895 5.6 right you just want to make sure
y9jMgfspnhM-00184-00048896-00049230 can you loan you don't need to okay so
y9jMgfspnhM-00185-00049231-00049343 you just have to know
y9jMgfspnhM-00186-00049344-00049583 you want the 6.4 which most of the
y9jMgfspnhM-00187-00049584-00049774 machine is 6.4 millimeter
y9jMgfspnhM-00188-00049775-00050118 or 5.6 okay so
y9jMgfspnhM-00189-00050119-00050351 here we're going to get back to this
y9jMgfspnhM-00190-00050352-00050430 here
y9jMgfspnhM-00191-00050431-00050695 i'm going to uh you see that this
y9jMgfspnhM-00192-00050696-00050790 bracket
y9jMgfspnhM-00193-00050791-00051246 right here is for the
y9jMgfspnhM-00194-00051247-00051638 um fabric to go through to give
y9jMgfspnhM-00195-00051639-00051702 attention
y9jMgfspnhM-00196-00051703-00052030 not tension um i'm going to use that
y9jMgfspnhM-00197-00052032-00052214 a lot of people if you could zoom out
y9jMgfspnhM-00198-00052215-00052366 here would put a
y9jMgfspnhM-00199-00052367-00052654 bracket here with a rolled off bias and
y9jMgfspnhM-00200-00052655-00052879 it would pull from here
y9jMgfspnhM-00201-00052879-00053191 and we have those also um
y9jMgfspnhM-00202-00053191-00053526 okay i'm going to go this here
y9jMgfspnhM-00203-00053527-00053982 i'm gonna just when you wanna
y9jMgfspnhM-00204-00053983-00054207 throw this through just give it uh-huh
y9jMgfspnhM-00205-00054208-00054335 cut this
y9jMgfspnhM-00206-00054336-00054782 so this one goes in easier
y9jMgfspnhM-00207-00054783-00055126 it better go in there easier
y9jMgfspnhM-00208-00055127-00055438 no problem i just dropped another thing
y9jMgfspnhM-00209-00055439-00055991 um and then
y9jMgfspnhM-00210-00055991-00056342 come on i'm gonna do a better job now
y9jMgfspnhM-00211-00056344-00056535 i'm gonna just cut this little bit of
y9jMgfspnhM-00212-00056536-00057135 this too
y9jMgfspnhM-00213-00057136-00057471 so put this through see
y9jMgfspnhM-00214-00057472-00057903 easy money
y9jMgfspnhM-00215-00057904-00058215 so when this comes out from here
y9jMgfspnhM-00216-00058216-00058582 you have to pull it out and
y9jMgfspnhM-00217-00058583-00058911 when you pull it out just go ahead and
y9jMgfspnhM-00218-00058912-00059238 give it that you see it has to go in
y9jMgfspnhM-00219-00059239-00059575 there
y9jMgfspnhM-00220-00059576-00059999 and i'm gonna put
y9jMgfspnhM-00221-00060000-00061911 and bring this fabric here
y9jMgfspnhM-00222-00061912-00062311 let me show this part off
y9jMgfspnhM-00223-00062312-00062630 okay i'm going to put this up and put
y9jMgfspnhM-00224-00062632-00062719 this one
y9jMgfspnhM-00225-00062720-00063082 in here right
y9jMgfspnhM-00226-00063083-00063471 and
y9jMgfspnhM-00227-00063472-00063791 watch now i know i think i have to come
y9jMgfspnhM-00228-00063791-00064047 a little bit further down
y9jMgfspnhM-00229-00064048-00064238 because i'm a little sick so i'm going
y9jMgfspnhM-00230-00064239-00064415 to open this up
y9jMgfspnhM-00231-00064416-00064894 and i'm going to come
y9jMgfspnhM-00232-00064895-00065230 i hope you guys are having fun at home
y9jMgfspnhM-00233-00065232-00065615 right come here it's just adjustment
y9jMgfspnhM-00234-00065616-00065799 depending what type of fabric i'm using
y9jMgfspnhM-00235-00065800-00066079 muslin the bias is muslim
y9jMgfspnhM-00236-00066080-00066591 the the
y9jMgfspnhM-00237-00066592-00066999 the fabric is um
y9jMgfspnhM-00238-00067000-00068526 the fabric is fleece
y9jMgfspnhM-00239-00068527-00068823 i'm just going to see you okay so this
y9jMgfspnhM-00240-00068824-00068855 is
y9jMgfspnhM-00241-00068856-00069175 what you're getting right top and bottom
y9jMgfspnhM-00242-00069176-00069303 you could adjust
y9jMgfspnhM-00243-00069304-00069543 see it's right on the edge can you close
y9jMgfspnhM-00244-00069544-00069687 up all right
y9jMgfspnhM-00245-00069688-00070015 now i could even come a little bit more
y9jMgfspnhM-00246-00070016-00070326 down this way it's a very hot day here
y9jMgfspnhM-00247-00070327-00070455 in california today
y9jMgfspnhM-00248-00070456-00070726 very hot week and a very hot week and
y9jMgfspnhM-00249-00070727-00070894 i'm sweating back here
y9jMgfspnhM-00250-00070895-00071238 and jasmine was
y9jMgfspnhM-00251-00071239-00071606 very gracious lended me her
y9jMgfspnhM-00252-00071607-00071911 uh you know people
y9jMgfspnhM-00253-00071912-00072271 make comments they say hello to jasmine
y9jMgfspnhM-00254-00072272-00072591 all that you know i love that yes so
y9jMgfspnhM-00255-00072592-00072750 they they watch all of this stuff they
y9jMgfspnhM-00256-00072751-00073031 listen to it hello everyone
y9jMgfspnhM-00257-00073032-00073367 um so
y9jMgfspnhM-00258-00073368-00073647 so judgment brought her personal fan
y9jMgfspnhM-00259-00073648-00073767 from her desk okay
y9jMgfspnhM-00260-00073768-00074023 so come yes enough talking about you
y9jMgfspnhM-00261-00074024-00074191 let's make some money here
y9jMgfspnhM-00262-00074192-00074415 you see this the fabric goes right in
y9jMgfspnhM-00263-00074416-00074519 here
y9jMgfspnhM-00264-00074520-00074871 and you pick up the
y9jMgfspnhM-00265-00074872-00075150 foot and you put this in here again we
y9jMgfspnhM-00266-00075151-00075359 could go
y9jMgfspnhM-00267-00075360-00075511 let's see what happened with this and
y9jMgfspnhM-00268-00075512-00076471 then if you need to
y9jMgfspnhM-00269-00076472-00076982 okay i'm gonna do more hold on
y9jMgfspnhM-00270-00076983-00077519 i'm gonna show more
y9jMgfspnhM-00271-00077520-00077847 okay see this one i'm gonna
y9jMgfspnhM-00272-00077848-00078191 this is the whole idea now since this is
y9jMgfspnhM-00273-00078192-00078550 3 8 or 5 16
y9jMgfspnhM-00274-00078551-00078838 you need to take one of the needles out
y9jMgfspnhM-00275-00078839-00079079 so you would have only this one
y9jMgfspnhM-00276-00079080-00079471 only these two right
y9jMgfspnhM-00277-00079472-00079726 not this third one you could take what
y9jMgfspnhM-00278-00079727-00079903 you have to do is to take
y9jMgfspnhM-00279-00079904-00080103 this last one out and i'm going to take
y9jMgfspnhM-00280-00080104-00080655 you show you what i mean by it
y9jMgfspnhM-00281-00080656-00080967 this would come out
y9jMgfspnhM-00282-00080968-00081311 all right and
y9jMgfspnhM-00283-00081312-00081559 then because this is very small now what
y9jMgfspnhM-00284-00081560-00081743 i'm gonna do is also i'm gonna go ahead
y9jMgfspnhM-00285-00081744-00082071 and adjust this more forward
y9jMgfspnhM-00286-00082072-00082247 uh we're gonna pause we're gonna forward
y9jMgfspnhM-00287-00082248-00082382 so
y9jMgfspnhM-00288-00082383-00082694 i have all the we're gonna have all the
y9jMgfspnhM-00289-00082695-00082799 stitching
y9jMgfspnhM-00290-00082800-00083038 like the back you see the stitching on
y9jMgfspnhM-00291-00083039-00083215 the back
y9jMgfspnhM-00292-00083216-00083447 it's right on the thing i'm gonna do it
y9jMgfspnhM-00293-00083448-00083550 again and
y9jMgfspnhM-00294-00083551-00083687 that part so i could forward i don't
y9jMgfspnhM-00295-00083688-00083862 wanna waste people's time
y9jMgfspnhM-00296-00083863-00084047 and um i'm gonna adjust it and we're
y9jMgfspnhM-00297-00084048-00084462 gonna come back
y9jMgfspnhM-00298-00084463-00084767 so hello back everyone i adjusted the
y9jMgfspnhM-00299-00084768-00084855 folder i
y9jMgfspnhM-00300-00084856-00085255 pushed it this way to get this you see
y9jMgfspnhM-00301-00085256-00085591 both backhand front right on the bias
y9jMgfspnhM-00302-00085592-00085647 right
y9jMgfspnhM-00303-00085648-00085918 and i'm gonna show more you know again a
y9jMgfspnhM-00304-00085919-00086079 lot of these things that i'm gonna tell
y9jMgfspnhM-00305-00086080-00086238 you
y9jMgfspnhM-00306-00086239-00086647 a lot of these things need you to
y9jMgfspnhM-00307-00086648-00086862 see how fast i want you to see the back
y9jMgfspnhM-00308-00086863-00086967 please
y9jMgfspnhM-00309-00086968-00087215 this is what's coming out see it took me
y9jMgfspnhM-00310-00087216-00087326 10 minutes
y9jMgfspnhM-00311-00087327-00087615 and i do this for a living so don't get
y9jMgfspnhM-00312-00087616-00087775 all frustrated
y9jMgfspnhM-00313-00087776-00087918 when you're doing something and the
y9jMgfspnhM-00314-00087919-00088094 first time is not perfect
y9jMgfspnhM-00315-00088095-00088382 i'm sewing right now and i'm not seeing
y9jMgfspnhM-00316-00088383-00088440 because
y9jMgfspnhM-00317-00088441-00089406 [Music]
y9jMgfspnhM-00318-00089407-00089718 and back and forth look
y9jMgfspnhM-00319-00089719-00090031 beautiful stitching now again there are
y9jMgfspnhM-00320-00090032-00090103 all these
y9jMgfspnhM-00321-00090104-00090399 these things are here they're here so
y9jMgfspnhM-00322-00090400-00090559 you could adjust
y9jMgfspnhM-00323-00090560-00090918 this is bias folder s124b
y9jMgfspnhM-00324-00090919-00091262 okay we did one and one quarter
y9jMgfspnhM-00325-00091263-00091487 you see with adjustment we did the
y9jMgfspnhM-00326-00091488-00091631 started it was
y9jMgfspnhM-00327-00091632-00091991 perfect here not was no good here then
y9jMgfspnhM-00328-00091992-00092047 we did
y9jMgfspnhM-00329-00092048-00092399 and now this is the face double fold
y9jMgfspnhM-00330-00092400-00092511 this is the back
y9jMgfspnhM-00331-00092512-00092687 you could still adjust it if you want to
y9jMgfspnhM-00332-00092688-00092879 be all the way back there
y9jMgfspnhM-00333-00092880-00093174 and more here so it's it's it's very
y9jMgfspnhM-00334-00093175-00093374 good because it's gonna be your face
y9jMgfspnhM-00335-00093375-00093718 really this is the perfect um stitching
y9jMgfspnhM-00336-00093719-00093967 now if you don't want the zigzag on top
y9jMgfspnhM-00337-00093968-00094031 you take
y9jMgfspnhM-00338-00094032-00094343 this red one i'm gonna
y9jMgfspnhM-00339-00094344-00094687 do you see this red one on top
y9jMgfspnhM-00340-00094688-00094926 this is spreading it's this red right
y9jMgfspnhM-00341-00094927-00095071 here
y9jMgfspnhM-00342-00095072-00095294 that's the spread the one that goes back
y9jMgfspnhM-00343-00095295-00095494 and forth i'm gonna do it very slow
y9jMgfspnhM-00344-00095495-00095726 try to see on the top this thing that
y9jMgfspnhM-00345-00095727-00095959 goes back and forth
y9jMgfspnhM-00346-00095960-00096215 you see this one you take that thread
y9jMgfspnhM-00347-00096216-00096271 out
y9jMgfspnhM-00348-00096272-00096682 then you have perfect three stitching on
y9jMgfspnhM-00349-00096683-00096815 top
y9jMgfspnhM-00350-00096816-00097038 and zigzag on the bottom if you don't
y9jMgfspnhM-00351-00097039-00097255 want three stitching on the top
y9jMgfspnhM-00352-00097256-00097479 only two you just take the middle one
y9jMgfspnhM-00353-00097480-00097599 out
y9jMgfspnhM-00354-00097600-00097871 the middle one out so that's how it's
y9jMgfspnhM-00355-00097872-00098006 going to be
y9jMgfspnhM-00356-00098007-00098231 i'm gonna leave this for my customer
y9jMgfspnhM-00357-00098232-00098438 here
y9jMgfspnhM-00358-00098439-00098759 and uh again could always adjust
y9jMgfspnhM-00359-00098760-00099015 people ask what is this for is the oil
y9jMgfspnhM-00360-00099016-00099182 container silicone oil
y9jMgfspnhM-00361-00099183-00099350 if you're doing a lot of fast showing
y9jMgfspnhM-00362-00099351-00099559 you could use put this put some oil in
y9jMgfspnhM-00363-00099560-00099647 there
y9jMgfspnhM-00364-00099648-00099894 you're good to go uh again this is david
y9jMgfspnhM-00365-00099895-00100015 from gold star tool
y9jMgfspnhM-00366-00100016-00100223 thank you for watching and i'll thank
y9jMgfspnhM-00367-00100224-00100431 jasmine for helping me out
y9jMgfspnhM-00368-00100432-00100743 please like thumbs up share
y9jMgfspnhM-00369-00100744-00100943 like our videos let me know what you
y9jMgfspnhM-00370-00100944-00101206 want me to do next
y9jMgfspnhM-00371-00101207-00101582 and all that good stuff have a
y9jMgfspnhM-00372-00101583-00101880 golden day golden day thank you for
y9jMgfspnhM-00373-00101881-00102041 [Applause]
y9jMgfspnhM-00374-00102042-00102164 [Music]
y9jMgfspnhM-00375-00102165-00102282 [Applause]
y9jMgfspnhM-00376-00102283-00103682 watching
y9jMgfspnhM-00377-00103683-00103848 foreign
y9jMgfspnhM-00378-00103849-00104950 [Music]
y9jMgfspnhM-00379-00104951-00105334 [Music]
y9jMgfspnhM-00380-00105335-00105544 you
yqWJBDcIo_A-00002-00024823-00025031 you
yslnjo2E4nc-00000-00000078-00000593 foreign
yslnjo2E4nc-00001-00000594-00001170 [Music]
yslnjo2E4nc-00002-00001171-00001516 studies in literature and genre the
yslnjo2E4nc-00003-00001517-00001726 purpose of this video is to give you an
yslnjo2E4nc-00004-00001727-00001948 idea of what we will be studying in this
yslnjo2E4nc-00005-00001950-00002165 course as well as the different ways of
yslnjo2E4nc-00006-00002166-00002429 analyzing and interpreting literature
yslnjo2E4nc-00007-00002430-00002755 that this course will introduce you to
yslnjo2E4nc-00008-00002756-00003058 studies in literature and genre looks at
yslnjo2E4nc-00009-00003059-00003335 the different types of literature novels
yslnjo2E4nc-00010-00003336-00003647 short fiction poems plays and a whole
yslnjo2E4nc-00011-00003647-00003929 bunch of others it examines both the
yslnjo2E4nc-00012-00003929-00004156 differences in how they are written and
yslnjo2E4nc-00013-00004157-00004331 the differences and how they tell
yslnjo2E4nc-00014-00004332-00004679 stories or otherwise present content to
yslnjo2E4nc-00015-00004680-00004849 readers
yslnjo2E4nc-00016-00004850-00005117 there are a lot of different Frameworks
yslnjo2E4nc-00017-00005118-00005345 for how literature can be analyzed
yslnjo2E4nc-00018-00005346-00005602 before I get to the ones that we will be
yslnjo2E4nc-00019-00005603-00005843 using in this course we need to pause
yslnjo2E4nc-00020-00005844-00006131 for a second and clarify what kinds of
yslnjo2E4nc-00021-00006132-00006587 writing are considered to be literature
yslnjo2E4nc-00022-00006588-00006760 while there are a lot of different
yslnjo2E4nc-00023-00006761-00007109 genres and formats for writing in the
yslnjo2E4nc-00024-00007109-00007325 most general terms writing can be
yslnjo2E4nc-00025-00007326-00007698 divided into three very broad categories
yslnjo2E4nc-00026-00007700-00008027 expository writing philosophical writing
yslnjo2E4nc-00027-00008028-00008419 and literature
yslnjo2E4nc-00028-00008420-00008692 expository writing is writing that is
yslnjo2E4nc-00029-00008693-00009005 done primarily to convey information
yslnjo2E4nc-00030-00009006-00009221 things like textbooks instruction
yslnjo2E4nc-00031-00009222-00009533 manuals legal briefs articles and
yslnjo2E4nc-00032-00009534-00009742 scholarly journals or in medical
yslnjo2E4nc-00033-00009743-00010042 journals newspapers and magazine
yslnjo2E4nc-00034-00010043-00010164 articles
yslnjo2E4nc-00035-00010165-00010523 encyclopedia entries and reports such as
yslnjo2E4nc-00036-00010524-00010841 Financial reports are all examples of
yslnjo2E4nc-00037-00010842-00011251 expository writing
yslnjo2E4nc-00038-00011252-00011519 philosophical writings are a published
yslnjo2E4nc-00039-00011520-00011788 works that provide non-fiction musings
yslnjo2E4nc-00040-00011789-00012169 on philosophical or spiritual questions
yslnjo2E4nc-00041-00012170-00012460 philosophical writing also encompasses
yslnjo2E4nc-00042-00012461-00012715 religious writing
yslnjo2E4nc-00043-00012716-00013019 literature is writing that is done as a
yslnjo2E4nc-00044-00013019-00013343 form of creative and or artistic
yslnjo2E4nc-00045-00013344-00013685 expression it includes novels short
yslnjo2E4nc-00046-00013686-00014080 fiction poetry plays comics and graphic
yslnjo2E4nc-00047-00014081-00014483 novels Memoirs biographies and forms of
yslnjo2E4nc-00048-00014484-00014675 creative non-fiction like personal
yslnjo2E4nc-00049-00014676-00014921 essays
yslnjo2E4nc-00050-00014922-00015257 it does not include films TV and
yslnjo2E4nc-00051-00015258-00015551 streaming series popular music video
yslnjo2E4nc-00052-00015552-00015929 games or social media posts all of which
yslnjo2E4nc-00053-00015930-00016349 are forms of media and not literature
yslnjo2E4nc-00054-00016350-00016630 three of the most common Frameworks for
yslnjo2E4nc-00055-00016631-00016889 analyzing literature are narrative
yslnjo2E4nc-00056-00016890-00017236 analysis thematic analysis and cultural
yslnjo2E4nc-00057-00017237-00017549 analysis these are the three Frameworks
yslnjo2E4nc-00058-00017550-00017800 that we will be using in our study of
yslnjo2E4nc-00059-00017801-00018185 literature in this course
yslnjo2E4nc-00060-00018186-00018467 we will be going into all of this in
yslnjo2E4nc-00061-00018468-00018713 much more detail over the course of the
yslnjo2E4nc-00062-00018714-00019013 entire semester but just to give you an
yslnjo2E4nc-00063-00019014-00019241 idea of the kinds of things that we will
yslnjo2E4nc-00064-00019242-00019475 be talking about when we analyze the
yslnjo2E4nc-00065-00019476-00019693 readings we will be doing for class
yslnjo2E4nc-00066-00019694-00020008 narrative analysis involves analyzing
yslnjo2E4nc-00067-00020009-00020333 the story that is being told or in the
yslnjo2E4nc-00068-00020334-00020543 case of poetry which does not always
yslnjo2E4nc-00069-00020544-00020879 tell stories the emotions sensory
yslnjo2E4nc-00070-00020880-00021239 experiences or moments in time that are
yslnjo2E4nc-00071-00021240-00021499 explored in the poem
yslnjo2E4nc-00072-00021500-00021761 narrative analysis includes
yslnjo2E4nc-00073-00021762-00022036 consideration of what happens in the
yslnjo2E4nc-00074-00022037-00022313 story what and who the story is about
yslnjo2E4nc-00075-00022314-00022600 and how the plot events that make up
yslnjo2E4nc-00076-00022601-00022858 that story are organized and presented
yslnjo2E4nc-00077-00022859-00023189 to readers in other words both what the
yslnjo2E4nc-00078-00023190-00023567 story is and how the story is told
yslnjo2E4nc-00079-00023568-00023950 narrative analysis can and often does
yslnjo2E4nc-00080-00023951-00024233 also include consideration of the
yslnjo2E4nc-00081-00024234-00024558 perspective from which the story is told
yslnjo2E4nc-00082-00024559-00024814 perspective in this sense encompasses
yslnjo2E4nc-00083-00024815-00025036 both the point of view within the story
yslnjo2E4nc-00084-00025037-00025264 so in other words from which
yslnjo2E4nc-00085-00025265-00025505 perspectives of which character or
yslnjo2E4nc-00086-00025506-00025750 characters within the story the story is
yslnjo2E4nc-00087-00025751-00026008 told but it also encompasses
yslnjo2E4nc-00088-00026010-00026267 consideration of the perspective of the
yslnjo2E4nc-00089-00026268-00026585 author in writing the story and how that
yslnjo2E4nc-00090-00026586-00026855 impacts both the subject of the literary
yslnjo2E4nc-00091-00026856-00027149 work in question and what that literary
yslnjo2E4nc-00092-00027150-00027485 work has to say about the subject
yslnjo2E4nc-00093-00027486-00027731 this is also something that we will be
yslnjo2E4nc-00094-00027732-00028012 examining in this class
yslnjo2E4nc-00095-00028013-00028295 because analyzing literature always
yslnjo2E4nc-00096-00028295-00028589 involves analyzing the deeper meaning of
yslnjo2E4nc-00097-00028589-00028846 the literary work the second kind of
yslnjo2E4nc-00098-00028847-00029062 analysis that we will be learning and
yslnjo2E4nc-00099-00029063-00029411 practicing in English 123 is thematic
yslnjo2E4nc-00100-00029412-00029537 analysis
yslnjo2E4nc-00101-00029538-00029764 you can think of the themes of a work of
yslnjo2E4nc-00102-00029766-00030064 literature as being the larger ideas or
yslnjo2E4nc-00103-00030066-00030305 concepts that are explored through its
yslnjo2E4nc-00104-00030306-00030545 story as well as the deeper meanings
yslnjo2E4nc-00105-00030545-00030805 that are communicated through that story
yslnjo2E4nc-00106-00030806-00031055 thematic analysis focuses on
yslnjo2E4nc-00107-00031056-00031289 interpreting those larger ideas and
yslnjo2E4nc-00108-00031289-00031457 Concepts
yslnjo2E4nc-00109-00031458-00031846 just as a point of clarification a theme
yslnjo2E4nc-00110-00031847-00032189 is not the same thing as a moral or a
yslnjo2E4nc-00111-00032189-00032464 lesson literature does not necessarily
yslnjo2E4nc-00112-00032466-00032771 try to or want to teach lessons to
yslnjo2E4nc-00113-00032772-00033089 readers instead literature tries to get
yslnjo2E4nc-00114-00033090-00033346 us to think about ourselves or the world
yslnjo2E4nc-00115-00033347-00033677 around us and to reflect on some aspect
yslnjo2E4nc-00116-00033678-00033839 of those things
yslnjo2E4nc-00117-00033840-00034079 themes then are the things that the work
yslnjo2E4nc-00118-00034080-00034379 of literature asks us to think about and
yslnjo2E4nc-00119-00034380-00034577 reflect on
yslnjo2E4nc-00120-00034578-00034846 at the same time the stories that
yslnjo2E4nc-00121-00034847-00035165 literary Works tell about ourselves and
yslnjo2E4nc-00122-00035166-00035512 the world around us both impact and our
yslnjo2E4nc-00123-00035513-00035765 impacted by the things that we as a
yslnjo2E4nc-00124-00035766-00035999 culture believe about ourselves the
yslnjo2E4nc-00125-00036000-00036268 world around us and the places of
yslnjo2E4nc-00126-00036269-00036455 different groups of people within that
yslnjo2E4nc-00127-00036456-00036540 world
yslnjo2E4nc-00128-00036541-00036833 literature reflects these things but it
yslnjo2E4nc-00129-00036834-00037073 also helps to shape them through the
yslnjo2E4nc-00130-00037074-00037301 ways in which the stories that we read
yslnjo2E4nc-00131-00037302-00037552 impact the way that we see and think
yslnjo2E4nc-00132-00037553-00037835 about the world around us and our own
yslnjo2E4nc-00133-00037836-00038111 individual places in that world
yslnjo2E4nc-00134-00038112-00038411 this cultural analysis of literature is
yslnjo2E4nc-00135-00038412-00038585 the third way that we will be examining
yslnjo2E4nc-00136-00038586-00038879 the things that we read in English 123
yslnjo2E4nc-00137-00038880-00039173 as we will be considering not only their
yslnjo2E4nc-00138-00039174-00039449 stories their methods of Storytelling
yslnjo2E4nc-00139-00039450-00039767 and their themes but also their larger
yslnjo2E4nc-00140-00039768-00040055 social and cultural contexts and
yslnjo2E4nc-00141-00040056-00040246 implications
yslnjo2E4nc-00142-00040247-00040505 so let's get started welcome to English
yslnjo2E4nc-00143-00040506-00040806 123.
yuChckFUkcc-00000-00000016-00000223 as we have discussed a model is an
yuChckFUkcc-00001-00000224-00000383 approximation to reality
yuChckFUkcc-00002-00000384-00000615 therefore there is often no absolutely
yuChckFUkcc-00003-00000616-00000751 correct answer
yuChckFUkcc-00004-00000752-00000927 to address the issue of distribution
yuChckFUkcc-00005-00000927-00001166 selection appropriate models of the same
yuChckFUkcc-00006-00001167-00001350 situation can often be built
yuChckFUkcc-00007-00001351-00001655 in a variety of ways in principle
yuChckFUkcc-00008-00001655-00001879 much value and insight can also be
yuChckFUkcc-00009-00001880-00002110 gained by comparing various modeling
yuChckFUkcc-00010-00002111-00002318 approaches to the same situation
yuChckFUkcc-00011-00002319-00002526 in many cases the use of one
yuChckFUkcc-00012-00002527-00002758 distribution over another is a modeling
yuChckFUkcc-00013-00002759-00002839 choice
yuChckFUkcc-00014-00002840-00003087 for example a distribution may be used
yuChckFUkcc-00015-00003088-00003270 to represent a variable that is in
yuChckFUkcc-00016-00003271-00003367 reality
yuChckFUkcc-00017-00003368-00003631 composed of more detailed processes for
yuChckFUkcc-00018-00003632-00003703 example
yuChckFUkcc-00019-00003704-00003927 an event risk may be the result of many
yuChckFUkcc-00020-00003928-00004070 underlying factors
yuChckFUkcc-00021-00004071-00004367 or non-symmetric continuous processes
yuChckFUkcc-00022-00004368-00004486 may be used
yuChckFUkcc-00023-00004487-00004679 in place of compound underlying
yuChckFUkcc-00024-00004680-00004879 processes for instance
yuChckFUkcc-00025-00004880-00005118 the positively symmetric for example
yuChckFUkcc-00026-00005119-00005263 pert distribution
yuChckFUkcc-00027-00005264-00005479 may be sufficient to capture a process
yuChckFUkcc-00028-00005480-00005686 that is made up of general symmetric
yuChckFUkcc-00029-00005687-00005767 uncertainty
yuChckFUkcc-00030-00005768-00005991 as well as of several event risks that
yuChckFUkcc-00031-00005992-00006167 could increase the value of outcome in
yuChckFUkcc-00032-00006168-00006279 some cases
yuChckFUkcc-00033-00006280-00006510 the use of bounded distributions may be
yuChckFUkcc-00034-00006511-00006727 sufficiently accurate in some cases
yuChckFUkcc-00035-00006728-00006919 even where the true distribution is
yuChckFUkcc-00036-00006920-00007055 unbounded and
yuChckFUkcc-00037-00007056-00007214 where continuous distributions are
yuChckFUkcc-00038-00007215-00007383 symmetric and single moded
yuChckFUkcc-00039-00007384-00007567 there will be little difference between
yuChckFUkcc-00040-00007568-00007783 various distribution possibilities
yuChckFUkcc-00041-00007784-00007959 as long as the parameter values are
yuChckFUkcc-00042-00007959-00008087 chosen appropriately
yuChckFUkcc-00043-00008088-00008263 distribution approximations may
yuChckFUkcc-00044-00008264-00008471 sometimes be necessary in practical
yuChckFUkcc-00045-00008472-00008607 business applications
yuChckFUkcc-00046-00008608-00008751 and generally they may also be
yuChckFUkcc-00047-00008752-00008983 sufficient unless the specific context
yuChckFUkcc-00048-00008984-00009183 has very demanding requirements for the
yuChckFUkcc-00049-00009184-00009391 accuracy of the numerical results
yuChckFUkcc-00050-00009392-00009599 however it is important to avoid
yuChckFUkcc-00051-00009600-00009823 inappropriate approximation methods
yuChckFUkcc-00052-00009824-00010023 let's take a look at an example a
yuChckFUkcc-00053-00010024-00010223 project theme may have identified that
yuChckFUkcc-00054-00010224-00010431 there is a risk that additional costs
yuChckFUkcc-00055-00010432-00010606 may arise in the project
yuChckFUkcc-00056-00010607-00010823 if the structure used to classify all
yuChckFUkcc-00057-00010824-00011087 risks is a probability impact one
yuChckFUkcc-00058-00011088-00011351 then such a risk may have been described
yuChckFUkcc-00059-00011352-00011631 as having a forty percent probability
yuChckFUkcc-00060-00011632-00011903 and an impact of hundred dollars however
yuChckFUkcc-00061-00011904-00012087 it may be that this risk
yuChckFUkcc-00062-00012088-00012342 will always materialize with the issue
yuChckFUkcc-00063-00012343-00012406 in fact
yuChckFUkcc-00064-00012407-00012599 being the uncertainty of the additional
yuChckFUkcc-00065-00012600-00012742 costs therefore
yuChckFUkcc-00066-00012743-00012974 the data provided about this process
yuChckFUkcc-00067-00012975-00013199 which may come from estimates or expert
yuChckFUkcc-00068-00013200-00013271 judgment
yuChckFUkcc-00069-00013272-00013486 may really correspond to there being a
yuChckFUkcc-00070-00013487-00013630 40 chance
yuChckFUkcc-00071-00013631-00013847 that the costs will be hundred dollars
yuChckFUkcc-00072-00013847-00013966 or more meaning
yuChckFUkcc-00073-00013968-00014199 that the hundred dollars represents the
yuChckFUkcc-00074-00014200-00014383 p60 of the distribution
yuChckFUkcc-00075-00014384-00014638 in other words the probability is that
yuChckFUkcc-00076-00014640-00014807 of a percentile of an impact
yuChckFUkcc-00077-00014808-00015007 distribution rather than probability of
yuChckFUkcc-00078-00015008-00015103 occurrence
yuChckFUkcc-00079-00015104-00015279 note that to create the actual
yuChckFUkcc-00080-00015280-00015486 distribution for the additional cost
yuChckFUkcc-00081-00015487-00015671 one would need to select the appropriate
yuChckFUkcc-00082-00015672-00015830 distribution and make additional
yuChckFUkcc-00083-00015831-00016063 assumptions on other parameter values
yuChckFUkcc-00084-00016063-00016238 this figure shows the consequence of
yuChckFUkcc-00085-00016240-00016439 using an exponential distribution
yuChckFUkcc-00086-00016440-00016607 and using additional assumption that the
yuChckFUkcc-00087-00016608-00016767 minimum cost is zero
yuChckFUkcc-00088-00016768-00016958 this figure shows the case of a log
yuChckFUkcc-00089-00016959-00017086 normal distribution
yuChckFUkcc-00090-00017087-00017263 and using the additional assumption that
yuChckFUkcc-00091-00017264-00017439 the minimum cost is 0
yuChckFUkcc-00092-00017440-00017758 and the p90 is 150 and the figure on the
yuChckFUkcc-00093-00017759-00017814 left
yuChckFUkcc-00094-00017815-00018047 shows the case of a pert distribution
yuChckFUkcc-00095-00018048-00018230 and using the additional assumption that
yuChckFUkcc-00096-00018231-00018414 the minimum cost is 0
yuChckFUkcc-00097-00018415-00018719 and the maximum is 250. the table shows
yuChckFUkcc-00098-00018720-00018894 the mean values in each case
yuChckFUkcc-00099-00018895-00019094 including for the implied base
yuChckFUkcc-00100-00019095-00019294 assumption that the extra cost of
yuChckFUkcc-00101-00019295-00019399 hundred dollars
yuChckFUkcc-00102-00019400-00019694 occurs in 40 percent of cases you can
yuChckFUkcc-00103-00019695-00019919 see the large difference in consequences
yuChckFUkcc-00104-00019920-00020063 and the potential that the base
yuChckFUkcc-00105-00020064-00020271 probability impact framework
yuChckFUkcc-00106-00020272-00020583 misstates this risk in these cases with
yuChckFUkcc-00107-00020584-00020678 a significant
yuChckFUkcc-00108-00020679-00020894 understatement of the average and worst
yuChckFUkcc-00109-00020895-00021119 cases this issue may arise
yuChckFUkcc-00110-00021120-00021327 generally when the underlying process is
yuChckFUkcc-00111-00021328-00021511 a continuous uncertainty
yuChckFUkcc-00112-00021512-00021727 but where a probability impact framework
yuChckFUkcc-00113-00021728-00021822 is presented
yuChckFUkcc-00114-00021823-00022078 as a working tool we're going to move on
yuChckFUkcc-00115-00022079-00022158 and discuss
yuChckFUkcc-00116-00022159-00022399 sample creation from distributions in
yuChckFUkcc-00117-00022400-00022744 the next videos
yxJg8OsJumk-00000-00000048-00000467 hi I'm David Guevara and today
yxJg8OsJumk-00001-00000468-00000767 I'm going to talk about profit X which
yxJg8OsJumk-00002-00000768-00000977 is a parallelized protein feature
yxJg8OsJumk-00003-00000977-00001319 extraction suite for machine learning
yxJg8OsJumk-00004-00001320-00001528 well Machine learning has been applied
yxJg8OsJumk-00005-00001529-00001798 to many different fields including like
yxJg8OsJumk-00006-00001800-00002159 curler biology in areas such as genomics
yxJg8OsJumk-00007-00002160-00002459 proteomics and transcriptomics
yxJg8OsJumk-00008-00002460-00002808 which has helped us a lot
yxJg8OsJumk-00009-00002809-00003235 with us I mean scientists and
yxJg8OsJumk-00010-00003236-00003538 bioinformaticians in general
yxJg8OsJumk-00011-00003539-00003803 however machine learning has two big
yxJg8OsJumk-00012-00003804-00004043 problems one
yxJg8OsJumk-00013-00004044-00004469 it requires lots of data and two it
yxJg8OsJumk-00014-00004470-00004799 requires that every input data point has
yxJg8OsJumk-00015-00004800-00005051 the same number of values in it
yxJg8OsJumk-00016-00005052-00005347 so here is an example
yxJg8OsJumk-00017-00005348-00005722 in the image we see that there are three
yxJg8OsJumk-00018-00005723-00006011 protein sequences
yxJg8OsJumk-00019-00006012-00006388 uh these are amino acid sequences
yxJg8OsJumk-00020-00006389-00006719 but we cannot send that directly to the
yxJg8OsJumk-00021-00006720-00007019 AI because the first sequence has
yxJg8OsJumk-00022-00007020-00007295 cinnamon assets the second one has six
yxJg8OsJumk-00023-00007295-00007510 and the third one has eight
yxJg8OsJumk-00024-00007511-00007823 so what are we gonna do
yxJg8OsJumk-00025-00007823-00008081 we're gonna transform that so that every
yxJg8OsJumk-00026-00008081-00008357 sequence has the same number of values
yxJg8OsJumk-00027-00008358-00008578 and in this example
yxJg8OsJumk-00028-00008579-00008963 every sequence here
yxJg8OsJumk-00029-00008964-00009196 has eight values
yxJg8OsJumk-00030-00009197-00009574 so what we did was use some kind of
yxJg8OsJumk-00031-00009575-00010021 algorithm that helped us translate or
yxJg8OsJumk-00032-00010022-00010378 extract eight features from these
yxJg8OsJumk-00033-00010379-00010631 letters
yxJg8OsJumk-00034-00010632-00011021 and that can be used as an input to the
yxJg8OsJumk-00035-00011022-00011483 algorithm to the AI
yxJg8OsJumk-00036-00011484-00011831 so throughout the years researchers have
yxJg8OsJumk-00037-00011832-00011938 come up
yxJg8OsJumk-00038-00011939-00012227 with numerous methods to do this with
yxJg8OsJumk-00039-00012228-00012442 brown lengths
yxJg8OsJumk-00040-00012443-00012670 and there are multiple Suites that
yxJg8OsJumk-00041-00012671-00012922 compile such methods
yxJg8OsJumk-00042-00012923-00013211 but we did it so the number of methods
yxJg8OsJumk-00043-00013212-00013427 was the highest
yxJg8OsJumk-00044-00013428-00013775 and it also would be done in a fast way
yxJg8OsJumk-00045-00013776-00013961 when it's just a few thousand of
yxJg8OsJumk-00046-00013962-00014261 sequences speed isn't that important
yxJg8OsJumk-00047-00014262-00014447 but some algorithms are heavy in
yxJg8OsJumk-00048-00014447-00014671 calculations so when you want to encode
yxJg8OsJumk-00049-00014672-00015058 hundreds of thousands or even Millions
yxJg8OsJumk-00050-00015059-00015371 speed becomes quite relevant and here
yxJg8OsJumk-00051-00015372-00015665 I'm talking from experience
yxJg8OsJumk-00052-00015666-00016138 because once I had to encode more than a
yxJg8OsJumk-00053-00016140-00016480 million sequences and it lasted for a
yxJg8OsJumk-00054-00016481-00016757 couple of days and that's not what we
yxJg8OsJumk-00055-00016758-00016936 want right
yxJg8OsJumk-00056-00016937-00017203 so what we did was developing a c plus
yxJg8OsJumk-00057-00017204-00017555 with openmp to make good use of
yxJg8OsJumk-00058-00017556-00017933 parallelization since most current tools
yxJg8OsJumk-00059-00017934-00018299 are developed in python or r
yxJg8OsJumk-00060-00018300-00018593 we compiled 50 different descriptors or
yxJg8OsJumk-00061-00018594-00018869 algorithms which are available in the
yxJg8OsJumk-00062-00018870-00019175 Standalone version
yxJg8OsJumk-00063-00019176-00019313 uh
yxJg8OsJumk-00064-00019314-00019480 I got a
yxJg8OsJumk-00065-00019481-00019757 say that we did a standalone version and
yxJg8OsJumk-00066-00019758-00019925 a web version
yxJg8OsJumk-00067-00019926-00020272 and the web version only lets people use
yxJg8OsJumk-00068-00020273-00020614 31 out of the 50 due to the other 19
yxJg8OsJumk-00069-00020615-00020999 requiring additional files but
yxJg8OsJumk-00070-00021000-00021367 here you can not only encode sequences
yxJg8OsJumk-00071-00021368-00021713 but also protein protein interactions
yxJg8OsJumk-00072-00021714-00022030 and also it lets you input DNA or RNA
yxJg8OsJumk-00073-00022031-00022330 sequences so the web page using Trends
yxJg8OsJumk-00074-00022331-00022691 decoder finds coding regions parting
yxJg8OsJumk-00075-00022692-00022919 from those sequences and encodes those
yxJg8OsJumk-00076-00022920-00023200 proteins that were found
yxJg8OsJumk-00077-00023201-00023525 in addition we ran some tests against
yxJg8OsJumk-00078-00023526-00023771 other Suites
yxJg8OsJumk-00079-00023772-00024058 and as you can see here
yxJg8OsJumk-00080-00024059-00024377 to the right
yxJg8OsJumk-00081-00024378-00024767 um profit X is the one with the highest
yxJg8OsJumk-00082-00024768-00025055 number of descriptors with 50.
yxJg8OsJumk-00083-00025056-00025321 well the second
yxJg8OsJumk-00084-00025322-00025577 has 38
yxJg8OsJumk-00085-00025578-00025811 and also
yxJg8OsJumk-00086-00025812-00026152 is the fastest one by more than six
yxJg8OsJumk-00087-00026154-00026495 times compared to the second fastest one
yxJg8OsJumk-00088-00026495-00026993 here's 764 against
yxJg8OsJumk-00089-00026994-00027401 um four thousand five hundred sixty
yxJg8OsJumk-00090-00027402-00027940 so that's quite a big difference
yxJg8OsJumk-00091-00027941-00028270 um we made it on a single thread
yxJg8OsJumk-00092-00028272-00028673 so yeah the tests were run on a single
yxJg8OsJumk-00093-00028674-00028985 thread to make it fair because if they
yxJg8OsJumk-00094-00028986-00029212 don't use parallelization there wouldn't
yxJg8OsJumk-00095-00029213-00029458 be much
yxJg8OsJumk-00096-00029460-00029908 well it'll be kind of like cheating
yxJg8OsJumk-00097-00029910-00030107 now
yxJg8OsJumk-00098-00030108-00030395 um in the future we might add some more
yxJg8OsJumk-00099-00030395-00030617 methods
yxJg8OsJumk-00100-00030618-00030683 um
yxJg8OsJumk-00101-00030683-00031105 at the VP the PPI protein protein
yxJg8OsJumk-00102-00031106-00031439 interactions and DNA or RNA function
yxJg8OsJumk-00103-00031439-00031685 like it is to the Standalone version and
yxJg8OsJumk-00104-00031686-00031924 also add dimensionality reduction with
yxJg8OsJumk-00105-00031925-00032201 PCA or other algorithms suited for this
yxJg8OsJumk-00106-00032202-00032429 task because
yxJg8OsJumk-00107-00032430-00032735 um we gotta check which algorithm isn't
yxJg8OsJumk-00108-00032736-00032981 too hard to implement in C plus plus
yxJg8OsJumk-00109-00032982-00033311 because for example there's some odd
yxJg8OsJumk-00110-00033312-00033623 encoder based methods which might be
yxJg8OsJumk-00111-00033624-00033955 difficult to add if it was on in Python
yxJg8OsJumk-00112-00033956-00034289 then the story would be different but
yxJg8OsJumk-00113-00034290-00034517 here we're talking about C plus plus and
yxJg8OsJumk-00114-00034518-00034717 there might not be
yxJg8OsJumk-00115-00034718-00035081 uh libraries for that
yxJg8OsJumk-00116-00035082-00035327 that's it thank you for watching
yxJg8OsJumk-00117-00035328-00035555 if you want to contact us here are the
yxJg8OsJumk-00118-00035556-00035999 links to our Labs web pages and also our
yxJg8OsJumk-00119-00036000-00036118 emails
yxJg8OsJumk-00120-00036119-00036718 also here's the link to the web server
yxJg8OsJumk-00121-00036719-00036952 and if you got any questions you can go
yxJg8OsJumk-00122-00036953-00037331 ahead and ask down below or
yxJg8OsJumk-00123-00037332-00037679 wherever the question box is
yxJg8OsJumk-00124-00037680-00037946 thank you
yyr_VuG6aqg-00000-00000003-00000320 welcome to headline news 24/7 please
yyr_VuG6aqg-00001-00000321-00000663 click like and subscribe
yyr_VuG6aqg-00002-00000664-00001017 reaking news about George Soros 3 Soros
yyr_VuG6aqg-00003-00001018-00001206 campaigns to further advance the left's
yyr_VuG6aqg-00004-00001207-00001473 radical agenda 3 new George Soros
yyr_VuG6aqg-00005-00001474-00001673 campaigns to further advance the left's
yyr_VuG6aqg-00006-00001675-00001839 radical agenda have been uncovered in
yyr_VuG6aqg-00007-00001839-00002013 separate news reports published this
yyr_VuG6aqg-00008-00002014-00002295 week keep in mind that the US government
yyr_VuG6aqg-00009-00002296-00002487 subsidizes the Hungarian billionaires
yyr_VuG6aqg-00010-00002488-00002646 deeply politicized Open Society
yyr_VuG6aqg-00011-00002647-00002916 Foundations osf that worked to
yyr_VuG6aqg-00012-00002917-00003132 destabilize legitimate governments erase
yyr_VuG6aqg-00013-00003133-00003356 national borders target conservative
yyr_VuG6aqg-00014-00003357-00003570 politicians financed civil unrest
yyr_VuG6aqg-00015-00003571-00003819 subvert institutions of higher education
yyr_VuG6aqg-00016-00003820-00004008 and orchestrate refugee crises for
yyr_VuG6aqg-00017-00004009-00004256 political gain details of the financial
yyr_VuG6aqg-00018-00004257-00004464 and staffing nexus between osf and the
yyr_VuG6aqg-00019-00004465-00004617 US government are available in a
yyr_VuG6aqg-00020-00004618-00004911 judicial watch investigative report with
yyr_VuG6aqg-00021-00004912-00005121 the help of American taxpayer dollars
yyr_VuG6aqg-00022-00005122-00005316 Soros bolsters a radical left-wing
yyr_VuG6aqg-00023-00005317-00005487 agenda that in the United States has
yyr_VuG6aqg-00024-00005488-00005694 included promoting an open border with
yyr_VuG6aqg-00025-00005695-00005844 Mexico and fighting immigration
yyr_VuG6aqg-00026-00005845-00006054 enforcement efforts fomenting racial
yyr_VuG6aqg-00027-00006055-00006270 disharmony by funding anti-capitalist
yyr_VuG6aqg-00028-00006271-00006488 racialist organizations financing the
yyr_VuG6aqg-00029-00006489-00006633 black lives matter movement and other
yyr_VuG6aqg-00030-00006634-00006828 organizations involved in the riots in
yyr_VuG6aqg-00031-00006829-00007008 Ferguson Missouri weakening the
yyr_VuG6aqg-00032-00007009-00007173 integrity of our electoral systems
yyr_VuG6aqg-00033-00007173-00007392 promoting taxpayer-funded abortion on
yyr_VuG6aqg-00034-00007393-00007595 demand advocating a government-run
yyr_VuG6aqg-00035-00007597-00007787 health care system opposing us
yyr_VuG6aqg-00036-00007788-00007998 counterterrorism efforts promoting
yyr_VuG6aqg-00037-00007998-00008193 dubious transnational climate change
yyr_VuG6aqg-00038-00008194-00008346 agreements that threaten American
yyr_VuG6aqg-00039-00008347-00008528 sovereignty and working to advance gun
yyr_VuG6aqg-00040-00008529-00008691 control and erode Second Amendment
yyr_VuG6aqg-00041-00008692-00008939 protections the list extends even
yyr_VuG6aqg-00042-00008940-00009185 further with Soros tentacles money
yyr_VuG6aqg-00043-00009186-00009423 reaching previously unknown domestic and
yyr_VuG6aqg-00044-00009424-00009578 foreign causes that promote a broad
yyr_VuG6aqg-00045-00009579-00009816 left-wing agenda at various levels it
yyr_VuG6aqg-00046-00009817-00010017 turns out Soros donated four hundred
yyr_VuG6aqg-00047-00010018-00010158 eight thousand dollars to a political
yyr_VuG6aqg-00048-00010159-00010446 action committee P AC that supported
yyr_VuG6aqg-00049-00010447-00010628 Cook County State's Attorney Kim Fox
yyr_VuG6aqg-00050-00010629-00010857 whose office just dropped felony charges
yyr_VuG6aqg-00051-00010858-00011042 against the actor who fabricated a hate
yyr_VuG6aqg-00052-00011043-00011262 crime earlier this year the actor
yyr_VuG6aqg-00053-00011263-00011457 jessee's Smollett claimed he was
yyr_VuG6aqg-00054-00011458-00011637 attacked in Chicago on his way home from
yyr_VuG6aqg-00055-00011638-00011834 a sandwich shop at 2:00 a.m.
yyr_VuG6aqg-00056-00011835-00012123 latest representative Omar claims life
yyr_VuG6aqg-00057-00012124-00012399 in USA is an everyday assault he said
yyr_VuG6aqg-00058-00012400-00012558 two masked men shouted racial and
yyr_VuG6aqg-00059-00012559-00012803 homophobic slurs beat him poured bleach
yyr_VuG6aqg-00060-00012804-00013013 on him and tied a rope around his neck
yyr_VuG6aqg-00061-00013014-00013224 Smollett blamed the crime on white Trump
yyr_VuG6aqg-00062-00013225-00013452 supporters when the hoax was uncovered
yyr_VuG6aqg-00063-00013453-00013688 prosecutors charged him with 16 felonies
yyr_VuG6aqg-00064-00013690-00013893 but Fox dropped all the charges this
yyr_VuG6aqg-00065-00013894-00014085 week Illinois campaign
yyr_VuG6aqg-00066-00014086-00014262 curds provided in the news reports show
yyr_VuG6aqg-00067-00014263-00014547 that Soros personally contributed 333
yyr_VuG6aqg-00068-00014547-00014733 thousand dollars to Fox's super PAC
yyr_VuG6aqg-00069-00014734-00015009 before the March 15 2016 primary was
yyr_VuG6aqg-00070-00015010-00015303 over in an additional $75,000 after she
yyr_VuG6aqg-00071-00015304-00015497 became Cook County's top prosecutor
yyr_VuG6aqg-00072-00015499-00015711 Soros has been intervening in local
yyr_VuG6aqg-00073-00015712-00015936 races for prosecutor state's attorney
yyr_VuG6aqg-00074-00015937-00016161 and district attorney often backing
yyr_VuG6aqg-00075-00016162-00016311 left-wing Democrats against other
yyr_VuG6aqg-00076-00016312-00016548 Democrats in doing so according to the
yyr_VuG6aqg-00077-00016549-00016734 article another report published this
yyr_VuG6aqg-00078-00016735-00016929 week reveals that a Soros foundation
yyr_VuG6aqg-00079-00016930-00017115 gave 1 million dollars to a nonprofit
yyr_VuG6aqg-00080-00017116-00017313 that favors choosing the president by
yyr_VuG6aqg-00081-00017314-00017613 popular vote the group national popular
yyr_VuG6aqg-00082-00017614-00017808 vote Incorporated gets millions from
yyr_VuG6aqg-00083-00017809-00017991 leftist groups to push its purported
yyr_VuG6aqg-00084-00017992-00018159 agenda of ensuring that every vote in
yyr_VuG6aqg-00085-00018160-00018422 every state matters another group tides
yyr_VuG6aqg-00086-00018423-00018621 foundation that raises money for
yyr_VuG6aqg-00087-00018622-00018864 left-wing causes also contributed to the
yyr_VuG6aqg-00088-00018865-00019172 popular vote nonprofit Soros o SF's have
yyr_VuG6aqg-00089-00019173-00019335 given millions of dollars to the tides
yyr_VuG6aqg-00090-00019336-00019569 foundation according to records provided
yyr_VuG6aqg-00091-00019570-00019872 in the story based in San Francisco the
yyr_VuG6aqg-00092-00019873-00020025 group envisions a world of shared
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yyr_VuG6aqg-00100-00021493-00021666 article documents what Judicial Watch
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yyr_VuG6aqg-00110-00023592-00023892 the u.s. Soros collaboration was visible
yyr_VuG6aqg-00111-00023893-00024156 in Kiev the article states several
yyr_VuG6aqg-00112-00024157-00024371 senior Department of Justice DOJ
yyr_VuG6aqg-00113-00024372-00024624 officials and FBI agents appeared in
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yyr_VuG6aqg-00126-00027114-00027294 uncovering documents showing State
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yyr_VuG6aqg-00134-00028852-00028998 Department and US Agency for
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yy_roB7s_E8-00000-00000049-00000420 Navaratri Sanskrit Navaratri literally
yy_roB7s_E8-00001-00000421-00000852 nine nights also spelled Navratri or
yy_roB7s_E8-00002-00000852-00001131 never three is a nine nights and ten
yy_roB7s_E8-00003-00001132-00001445 days Hindu festival celebrated in the
yy_roB7s_E8-00004-00001446-00001770 Tamil month of purity see the 17th of
yy_roB7s_E8-00005-00001771-00002070 September to the 17th of October every
yy_roB7s_E8-00006-00002071-00002459 year it is celebrated differently in
yy_roB7s_E8-00007-00002460-00002729 various parts of the Indian subcontinent
yy_roB7s_E8-00008-00002730-00003087 there are two seasonal Navaratri in a
yy_roB7s_E8-00009-00003088-00003408 year this festival in this month is
yy_roB7s_E8-00010-00003409-00003675 called Sharada Navaratri that is the
yy_roB7s_E8-00011-00003676-00003984 most celebrated for goddess Durga IIT
yy_roB7s_E8-00012-00003985-00004375 was India's famous festival
yy_roB7s_E8-00013-00004376-00004656 in India goddess Durga battles and
yy_roB7s_E8-00014-00004657-00004881 emerges victorious over the Buffalo
yy_roB7s_E8-00015-00004882-00005149 demon mahisha Shirin to help restore
yy_roB7s_E8-00016-00005150-00005456 Dharma celebrations include stage
yy_roB7s_E8-00017-00005457-00005721 decorations recital of the legend
yy_roB7s_E8-00018-00005722-00005992 enacting of the story and chanting of
yy_roB7s_E8-00019-00005993-00006360 the scriptures of Hinduism the nine days
yy_roB7s_E8-00020-00006361-00006673 are also a major seasonal and cultural
yy_roB7s_E8-00021-00006673-00006937 event and the public celebrations of
yy_roB7s_E8-00022-00006938-00007203 classical and folk dances of Hindu
yy_roB7s_E8-00023-00007204-00007584 culture on the final day called the
yy_roB7s_E8-00024-00007584-00007785 vijayadashami or Dussehra
yy_roB7s_E8-00025-00007786-00008023 the statues are either immersed in a
yy_roB7s_E8-00026-00008023-00008305 water body such as river and ocean or
yy_roB7s_E8-00027-00008306-00008623 alternatively the statue symbolizing the
yy_roB7s_E8-00028-00008624-00008887 evil is burnt with fireworks marking
yy_roB7s_E8-00029-00008888-00009421 evils destruction topic etymology and
yy_roB7s_E8-00030-00009422-00009714 nomenclature the word Navaratri 9
yy_roB7s_E8-00031-00009715-00010009 Knights in Sanskrit nava meaning nine
yy_roB7s_E8-00032-00010010-00010393 and rattray meaning Knights according to
yy_roB7s_E8-00033-00010394-00010684 some Hindu texts such as the shakta and
yy_roB7s_E8-00034-00010685-00010927 an avowed riether ethically twice or
yy_roB7s_E8-00035-00010928-00011430 four times a year topic dates and
yy_roB7s_E8-00036-00011431-00011685 celebrations according to some Hindu
yy_roB7s_E8-00037-00011686-00011971 texts such as the shakta and Vaishnava
yy_roB7s_E8-00038-00011972-00012271 Puranas Navaratri theoretically falls
yy_roB7s_E8-00039-00012272-00012708 twice or four times a year of these the
yy_roB7s_E8-00040-00012709-00012991 Sharada Navaratri near autumn equinox
yy_roB7s_E8-00041-00012991-00013255 September to October is the most
yy_roB7s_E8-00042-00013256-00013530 celebrated and the Vasanta Navaratri
yy_roB7s_E8-00043-00013531-00013833 near spring equinox March to April is
yy_roB7s_E8-00044-00013834-00014110 next most significant to the culture of
yy_roB7s_E8-00045-00014111-00014503 Indian subcontinent in all cases
yy_roB7s_E8-00046-00014504-00014782 Navaratri falls in the bright half of
yy_roB7s_E8-00047-00014783-00015124 the Hindu loonie solar months the
yy_roB7s_E8-00048-00015125-00015457 celebrations vary by region leaving much
yy_roB7s_E8-00049-00015458-00015727 to the creativity and preferences of the
yy_roB7s_E8-00050-00015728-00016122 Hindu Sharada Navaratri the most
yy_roB7s_E8-00051-00016123-00016422 celebrated of the four Navaratri named
yy_roB7s_E8-00052-00016423-00016813 after Sharada which means autumn it is
yy_roB7s_E8-00053-00016814-00017044 observed the lunar month of ashwin
yy_roB7s_E8-00054-00017045-00017474 post-monsoon September to October
yy_roB7s_E8-00055-00017475-00017780 in many regions the festival falls after
yy_roB7s_E8-00056-00017781-00018002 autumn harvest and in others during
yy_roB7s_E8-00057-00018003-00018323 harvest Basanta Navaratri the second
yy_roB7s_E8-00058-00018324-00018611 most celebrated named after vasanta
yy_roB7s_E8-00059-00018612-00018986 which means spring it is observed the
yy_roB7s_E8-00060-00018987-00019289 lunar month of chaitra post winter March
yy_roB7s_E8-00061-00019290-00019679 to April in many regions the festival
yy_roB7s_E8-00062-00019680-00019967 falls after spring harvest and in others
yy_roB7s_E8-00063-00019968-00020246 during harvest the other two Navratri x'
yy_roB7s_E8-00064-00020247-00020441 are observed regionally or by
yy_roB7s_E8-00065-00020442-00020765 individuals mega Navaratri in mega
yy_roB7s_E8-00066-00020766-00021218 January to February winter season the
yy_roB7s_E8-00067-00021219-00021469 fifth day of this festival as often
yy_roB7s_E8-00068-00021470-00021704 independently observed as Vasant
yy_roB7s_E8-00069-00021705-00022052 Panchami or Vasant Panchami the official
yy_roB7s_E8-00070-00022053-00022274 start of spring in the Hindu tradition
yy_roB7s_E8-00071-00022275-00022586 wherein goddess Saraswati has revered
yy_roB7s_E8-00072-00022587-00022886 through arts music writing kite flying
yy_roB7s_E8-00073-00022887-00023303 in some regions the Hindu god of love
yy_roB7s_E8-00074-00023304-00023636 kama is revered ashada Navaratri in
yy_roB7s_E8-00075-00023637-00023993 ashada june to july start of the monsoon
yy_roB7s_E8-00076-00023994-00024308 season the Sharada Navaratri commences
yy_roB7s_E8-00077-00024309-00024575 on the first day Preeti pada of the
yy_roB7s_E8-00078-00024576-00024815 bright fortnight of the lunar month of
yy_roB7s_E8-00079-00024816-00025214 ashvini the festival is celebrated for
yy_roB7s_E8-00080-00025215-00025472 nine nights once every year during this
yy_roB7s_E8-00081-00025473-00025727 month which typically falls in the
yy_roB7s_E8-00082-00025727-00025939 Gregorian months of September and
yy_roB7s_E8-00083-00025941-00026339 October the exact dates of the festival
yy_roB7s_E8-00084-00026339-00026561 are determined according to the Hindu
yy_roB7s_E8-00085-00026562-00026852 loony solar calendar and sometimes the
yy_roB7s_E8-00086-00026852-00027127 festival may be held for a day more or a
yy_roB7s_E8-00087-00027129-00027404 day less depending on the adjustments
yy_roB7s_E8-00088-00027405-00027644 for Sun and Moon movements and the leap
yy_roB7s_E8-00089-00027645-00027914 year the festivities extend beyond
yy_roB7s_E8-00090-00027914-00028327 goddess durga and god rama various other
yy_roB7s_E8-00091-00028329-00028633 goddesses such as saraswati and lakshmi
yy_roB7s_E8-00092-00028635-00028820 God such as Ganesha
yy_roB7s_E8-00093-00028820-00029063 kartikeya Shiva and Krishna are
yy_roB7s_E8-00094-00029064-00029483 regionally revered for example a notable
yy_roB7s_E8-00095-00029483-00029813 pan Hindu tradition during Navaratri as
yy_roB7s_E8-00096-00029814-00030101 the adoration of Saraswathi the Hindu
yy_roB7s_E8-00097-00030102-00030398 goddess of knowledge learning music and
yy_roB7s_E8-00098-00030399-00030664 arts through ayuda Pooja
yy_roB7s_E8-00099-00030666-00030986 on this day which typically falls on the
yy_roB7s_E8-00100-00030987-00031262 ninth day of Navaratri after the good
yy_roB7s_E8-00101-00031263-00031541 has won over evil through Durga or Rama
yy_roB7s_E8-00102-00031542-00031843 peace and knowledge as celebrated
yy_roB7s_E8-00103-00031844-00032147 warriors staying decorate and worship
yy_roB7s_E8-00104-00032148-00032354 their weapons offering prayers to
yy_roB7s_E8-00105-00032355-00032789 Saraswati musicians upkeep their musical
yy_roB7s_E8-00106-00032790-00033040 instruments play and pray to them
yy_roB7s_E8-00107-00033041-00033383 farmers carpenters Smith's pottery
yy_roB7s_E8-00108-00033384-00033665 makers shopkeepers and all sorts of
yy_roB7s_E8-00109-00033666-00033935 trades people similarly decorate and
yy_roB7s_E8-00110-00033936-00034190 worship their equipment machinery and
yy_roB7s_E8-00111-00034191-00034559 tools of trade students visit their
yy_roB7s_E8-00112-00034560-00034847 teachers express respect and seek their
yy_roB7s_E8-00113-00034848-00035201 blessings this tradition is particularly
yy_roB7s_E8-00114-00035202-00035480 strong in South India but as observed
yy_roB7s_E8-00115-00035481-00036142 elsewhere too
yy_roB7s_E8-00116-00036143-00036830 topic significance of each day
yy_roB7s_E8-00117-00036831-00037109 the festival as associated to the
yy_roB7s_E8-00118-00037110-00037346 prominent battle that took place between
yy_roB7s_E8-00119-00037347-00037619 Durga and demon Mahishasura and
yy_roB7s_E8-00120-00037620-00037942 celebrates the victory of good over evil
yy_roB7s_E8-00121-00037943-00038306 these nine days are solely dedicated to
yy_roB7s_E8-00122-00038307-00038717 goddess Durga and her nine avatars each
yy_roB7s_E8-00123-00038718-00039044 day as associated to an incarnation of
yy_roB7s_E8-00124-00039045-00039542 the goddess
yy_roB7s_E8-00125-00039543-00040320 topic day one Shayla putri aria
yy_roB7s_E8-00126-00040321-00040599 known as pretty pata this day is
yy_roB7s_E8-00127-00040600-00040893 associated to Shayla Putri literally
yy_roB7s_E8-00128-00040894-00041283 daughter of mountain an incarnation of
yy_roB7s_E8-00129-00041284-00041580 Parvati it is in this form that the
yy_roB7s_E8-00130-00041581-00041823 goddess has worshipped as the consort of
yy_roB7s_E8-00131-00041824-00042108 Shiva she is depicted as riding the bull
yy_roB7s_E8-00132-00042109-00042432 Nandi with a Trishula in her right hand
yy_roB7s_E8-00133-00042433-00042818 and Lotus in her left Shayla putri is
yy_roB7s_E8-00134-00042819-00043101 considered to be the direct incarnation
yy_roB7s_E8-00135-00043102-00043449 of Maha Kali the color of the day as red
yy_roB7s_E8-00136-00043450-00044213 which depicts action and vigor
yy_roB7s_E8-00137-00044214-00044899 topic day two brahmacharinis
yy_roB7s_E8-00138-00044900-00045289 and we dia goddess brahmacharini another
yy_roB7s_E8-00139-00045290-00045571 incarnation of ma Parvati when she
yy_roB7s_E8-00140-00045572-00045802 penance to achieve her goal to have
yy_roB7s_E8-00141-00045803-00046486 Shiva as her husband
yy_roB7s_E8-00142-00046487-00047129 topic day three Chandra gonta
yy_roB7s_E8-00143-00047130-00047411 try dia commemorates the worship of
yy_roB7s_E8-00144-00047412-00048168 Chandra Ganta married form of ma Parvati
yy_roB7s_E8-00145-00048169-00048818 topic day for Cushman de
yy_roB7s_E8-00146-00048819-00049088 goddess cush manda is worshipped on
yy_roB7s_E8-00147-00049089-00049376 Chaturthi believed to be the creative
yy_roB7s_E8-00148-00049377-00049718 power of universe kushman de associated
yy_roB7s_E8-00149-00049719-00049964 to the endowment of vegetation on earth
yy_roB7s_E8-00150-00049965-00050290 and hence the color of the day as green
yy_roB7s_E8-00151-00050291-00050642 she is depicted as having eight arms and
yy_roB7s_E8-00152-00050643-00050818 sits on a tiger
yy_roB7s_E8-00153-00050819-00051633 she has Malik's media Shakti Gauri
yy_roB7s_E8-00154-00051634-00052301 topic day five scanned Mada
yy_roB7s_E8-00155-00052302-00052579 scanned Amada the goddess worshipped on
yy_roB7s_E8-00156-00052580-00052867 Panchami is the mother of Skanda or
yy_roB7s_E8-00157-00052869-00053291 Kartikeya the color gray is symbolic of
yy_roB7s_E8-00158-00053291-00053510 the transforming strength of a mother
yy_roB7s_E8-00159-00053511-00053841 when her child is confronted with danger
yy_roB7s_E8-00160-00053842-00054166 she is depicted riding a ferocious lion
yy_roB7s_E8-00161-00054166-00055027 having four arms and holding her baby
yy_roB7s_E8-00162-00055028-00055677 topic day 6 Katyayani
yy_roB7s_E8-00163-00055678-00056013 born to a sage katyayana she is an
yy_roB7s_E8-00164-00056014-00056304 incarnation of ma Parvati and is shown
yy_roB7s_E8-00165-00056304-00056544 to exhibit courage which is symbolized
yy_roB7s_E8-00166-00056545-00056915 by the color orange to kill mahishasura
yy_roB7s_E8-00167-00056916-00057225 known as the warrior goddess she is
yy_roB7s_E8-00168-00057226-00057504 considered one of the most violent forms
yy_roB7s_E8-00169-00057504-00057908 of Goddess Adi Shakti in this avatar
yy_roB7s_E8-00170-00057909-00058224 Katyayani rides a lion and has four
yy_roB7s_E8-00171-00058225-00058805 hands
yy_roB7s_E8-00172-00058807-00059477 topic day seven cholera tree
yy_roB7s_E8-00173-00059478-00059766 considered the most ferocious form of
yy_roB7s_E8-00174-00059766-00060069 Goddess Durga Cala Rodri has revered on
yy_roB7s_E8-00175-00060070-00060174 saath to me
yy_roB7s_E8-00176-00060175-00060525 it is believed that Parvati removed her
yy_roB7s_E8-00177-00060526-00060801 fair skin to kill the demon Samba and
yy_roB7s_E8-00178-00060802-00061202 Nimba the color of the day as white
yy_roB7s_E8-00179-00061203-00061362 ansata me
yy_roB7s_E8-00180-00061363-00061578 the goddess appears in a white color
yy_roB7s_E8-00181-00061579-00061872 attire with a lot of rage in her fiery
yy_roB7s_E8-00182-00061873-00062274 eyes her skin turns black the white
yy_roB7s_E8-00183-00062275-00062520 color portrays prayer and peace and
yy_roB7s_E8-00184-00062521-00062780 ensures the devotees that the goddess
yy_roB7s_E8-00185-00062782-00063474 will protect them from harm
yy_roB7s_E8-00186-00063475-00064119 topic day 8 maja gory
yy_roB7s_E8-00187-00064120-00064461 maja gory symbolizes intelligence and
yy_roB7s_E8-00188-00064462-00064797 peace the color associated to this day
yy_roB7s_E8-00189-00064798-00065126 is pink which depicts optimism she has
yy_roB7s_E8-00190-00065127-00065397 extremely fair complexion and therefore
yy_roB7s_E8-00191-00065398-00065709 Moz compared with the calm the moon and
yy_roB7s_E8-00192-00065710-00066060 the white flower of Conda radiant and
yy_roB7s_E8-00193-00066061-00066362 compassionate nom mal gallery is usually
yy_roB7s_E8-00194-00066363-00066636 depicted in a white or green sari and
yy_roB7s_E8-00195-00066637-00067037 riding a bull she is also known as Shui
yy_roB7s_E8-00196-00067038-00067422 Tom bard Hara mama ha Gauri purifies the
yy_roB7s_E8-00197-00067423-00067704 souls of her devotees and removes all
yy_roB7s_E8-00198-00067705-00068100 their sins she has a calming effect on
yy_roB7s_E8-00199-00068101-00068367 the lives of her devotees and she also
yy_roB7s_E8-00200-00068368-00069103 helps them improve their knowledge
yy_roB7s_E8-00201-00069104-00069770 topic day 9 said adultery
yy_roB7s_E8-00202-00069771-00070064 on the last day of the festival also
yy_roB7s_E8-00203-00070065-00070220 known as Navami
yy_roB7s_E8-00204-00070221-00070598 people pray to city Daughtry sitting on
yy_roB7s_E8-00205-00070599-00070883 a lotus she is believed to possess and
yy_roB7s_E8-00206-00070884-00071270 bestows all type of sidess he or she has
yy_roB7s_E8-00207-00071271-00071411 four hands
yy_roB7s_E8-00208-00071412-00071828 also known as Mahalakshmi Devi the light
yy_roB7s_E8-00209-00071829-00072080 blue color of the day portrays an
yy_roB7s_E8-00210-00072081-00072899 admiration towards the nature's beauty
yy_roB7s_E8-00211-00072900-00073540 topic regional practices
yy_roB7s_E8-00212-00073541-00073851 Navaratri has celebrated in different
yy_roB7s_E8-00213-00073852-00074209 ways throughout India some fast others
yy_roB7s_E8-00214-00074210-00074491 feast some revered the same mother
yy_roB7s_E8-00215-00074492-00074755 goddess but different aspects of her
yy_roB7s_E8-00216-00074756-00075066 while others revere avatars of Vishnu
yy_roB7s_E8-00217-00075067-00075405 particularly of Rama the Chaitra
yy_roB7s_E8-00218-00075406-00075697 Navaratri culminates in rama navami
yy_roB7s_E8-00219-00075698-00075912 on the ninth day and the Sharada
yy_roB7s_E8-00220-00075913-00076228 Navaratri culminates in durga puja and
yy_roB7s_E8-00221-00076229-00076528 Dussehra the rama navami remembers the
yy_roB7s_E8-00222-00076529-00076836 birth of rama preceded by nine days of
yy_roB7s_E8-00223-00076837-00077146 ramayana recital particularly among the
yy_roB7s_E8-00224-00077147-00077538 Vaishnava temples in the past shakta
yy_roB7s_E8-00225-00077539-00077824 hindus used to recite Durga's legends
yy_roB7s_E8-00226-00077825-00078081 during the Chaitra Navaratri but this
yy_roB7s_E8-00227-00078082-00078361 practice around the spring equinox has
yy_roB7s_E8-00228-00078362-00078699 been declining for most contemporary
yy_roB7s_E8-00229-00078700-00079017 hindus it as the Navaratri around the
yy_roB7s_E8-00230-00079018-00079224 autumn equinox that as the major
yy_roB7s_E8-00231-00079225-00079630 festival and the one observed to bengali
yy_roB7s_E8-00232-00079631-00079948 hindus and to shakta hindus outside of
yy_roB7s_E8-00233-00079949-00080215 eastern and northeastern states of india
yy_roB7s_E8-00234-00080216-00080578 the term Navaratri implies durga puja in
yy_roB7s_E8-00235-00080579-00080888 the warrior goddess aspect of devi in
yy_roB7s_E8-00236-00080889-00081235 other traditions of hinduism the term
yy_roB7s_E8-00237-00081236-00081531 Navaratri implies something else or the
yy_roB7s_E8-00238-00081532-00081801 celebration of hindu goddess but in her
yy_roB7s_E8-00239-00081802-00082074 more peaceful forms such as saraswati
yy_roB7s_E8-00240-00082075-00082350 the hindu goddess of knowledge learning
yy_roB7s_E8-00241-00082351-00082786 music and other arts in nepal Navaratri
yy_roB7s_E8-00242-00082787-00083142 is called de Seine and as a major annual
yy_roB7s_E8-00243-00083143-00083371 homecoming and family event that
yy_roB7s_E8-00244-00083372-00083655 celebrates the bonds between elders and
yy_roB7s_E8-00245-00083656-00083923 youngsters with tika puja as well as
yy_roB7s_E8-00246-00083924-00084378 across family and community members
yy_roB7s_E8-00247-00084379-00084778 topic eastern India Odessa West Bengal
yy_roB7s_E8-00248-00084779-00085072 and Nepal the Navaratri has celebrated
yy_roB7s_E8-00249-00085073-00085350 as the durga puja festival in west
yy_roB7s_E8-00250-00085351-00085723 bengal it is the most important annual
yy_roB7s_E8-00251-00085724-00086049 festival to Bengali Hindus and a major
yy_roB7s_E8-00252-00086050-00086343 social and public event in eastern and
yy_roB7s_E8-00253-00086344-00086599 northeastern states of India where it
yy_roB7s_E8-00254-00086600-00086872 dominates the religious life
yy_roB7s_E8-00255-00086873-00087115 the occasion has celebrated with
yy_roB7s_E8-00256-00087116-00087364 thousands of temporary stages called
yy_roB7s_E8-00257-00087365-00087637 pandals are built in community squares
yy_roB7s_E8-00258-00087638-00087982 roadside shrines and large durga temples
yy_roB7s_E8-00259-00087983-00088341 in West Bengal Odisha Jharkhand Bihar
yy_roB7s_E8-00260-00088342-00088729 Eastern Nepal a some Tripura and nearby
yy_roB7s_E8-00261-00088730-00089131 regions it is also observed by some
yy_roB7s_E8-00262-00089132-00089419 shakta Hindus as a private home-based
yy_roB7s_E8-00263-00089420-00089842 festival Durga Puja festival marks the
yy_roB7s_E8-00264-00089843-00090052 Battle of Goddess Durga with the
yy_roB7s_E8-00265-00090053-00090316 shape-shifting deceptive and powerful
yy_roB7s_E8-00266-00090317-00090574 Buffalo demon Mahishasura and her
yy_roB7s_E8-00267-00090575-00090871 emerging victorious the last five days
yy_roB7s_E8-00268-00090872-00091180 of Navratri marked the popular practices
yy_roB7s_E8-00269-00091181-00091561 during Durga Puja the festival begins
yy_roB7s_E8-00270-00091562-00091903 with Mahalaya a day where shakti Hindus
yy_roB7s_E8-00271-00091904-00092182 remember the loved ones who have died as
yy_roB7s_E8-00272-00092183-00092488 well the advent of warrior goddess Durga
yy_roB7s_E8-00273-00092489-00092848 the next most significant day of Durga
yy_roB7s_E8-00274-00092849-00093130 Puja celebrations as the sixth day
yy_roB7s_E8-00275-00093131-00093427 called Shakthi where the local community
yy_roB7s_E8-00276-00093428-00093673 welcomed the goddess durga devi and
yy_roB7s_E8-00277-00093674-00093972 festive celebrations are inaugurated on
yy_roB7s_E8-00278-00093973-00094366 the seventh day SATA me eight ish tama
yy_roB7s_E8-00279-00094367-00094660 and ninth navami durga along with
yy_roB7s_E8-00280-00094661-00094957 Lakshmi Saraswathi Ganesha and Kartikeya
yy_roB7s_E8-00281-00094958-00095275 are revered and these days marked the
yy_roB7s_E8-00282-00095276-00095569 main pooja worship with recitation of
yy_roB7s_E8-00283-00095570-00095827 the scriptures the legends of Durga in
yy_roB7s_E8-00284-00095828-00096127 devi mahatmya and social visits by
yy_roB7s_E8-00285-00096128-00096400 families to elaborately decorated and
yy_roB7s_E8-00286-00096401-00096670 lighted up temples and pandals theater
yy_roB7s_E8-00287-00096671-00097057 like stages after the nine nights on the
yy_roB7s_E8-00288-00097058-00097375 tenth day called Vijayadashami a great
yy_roB7s_E8-00289-00097376-00097585 procession as held where the clay
yy_roB7s_E8-00290-00097586-00097861 statues are ceremoniously walked to a
yy_roB7s_E8-00291-00097862-00098119 river or ocean coast for a solemn
yy_roB7s_E8-00292-00098120-00098509 goodbye to Durga many mark their faces
yy_roB7s_E8-00293-00098510-00098803 with Vermillion sindorim or dress in
yy_roB7s_E8-00294-00098804-00099172 something red it is an emotional day for
yy_roB7s_E8-00295-00099173-00099511 some devotees and the congregation sings
yy_roB7s_E8-00296-00099512-00099807 emotional goodbye songs
yy_roB7s_E8-00297-00099808-00100113 after the procession Hindus distribute
yy_roB7s_E8-00298-00100114-00100410 sweets and gifts visit their friends and
yy_roB7s_E8-00299-00100411-00101044 family members
yy_roB7s_E8-00300-00101045-00101601 topic North India
yy_roB7s_E8-00301-00101602-00101943 in north india Navaratri is marked by
yy_roB7s_E8-00302-00101944-00102180 the numerous ram-leela event where
yy_roB7s_E8-00303-00102181-00102431 episodes from the story of Rama and
yy_roB7s_E8-00304-00102432-00102723 Ravana are enacted by teams of artists
yy_roB7s_E8-00305-00102724-00102978 in rural and urban centers inside
yy_roB7s_E8-00306-00102979-00103272 temples or in temporarily constructed
yy_roB7s_E8-00307-00103273-00103661 stages this Hindu tradition of festive
yy_roB7s_E8-00308-00103663-00103994 performance arts was inscribed by UNESCO
yy_roB7s_E8-00309-00103995-00104267 as one of the intangible cultural
yy_roB7s_E8-00310-00104268-00104786 heritage of humanity in 2008 the
yy_roB7s_E8-00311-00104788-00105176 festivities States UNESCO includes songs
yy_roB7s_E8-00312-00105177-00105531 narration recital and dialogue based on
yy_roB7s_E8-00313-00105532-00105809 the Hindu texts Rama's chariot man is by
yy_roB7s_E8-00314-00105810-00106221 tulsidas it is particularly notable in
yy_roB7s_E8-00315-00106222-00106500 historically important Hindu cities of
yy_roB7s_E8-00316-00106501-00106926 Ayodhya Varanasi Brindavan Almora Satna
yy_roB7s_E8-00317-00106927-00107229 and Madhubani cities in Uttar Pradesh
yy_roB7s_E8-00318-00107230-00107583 Uttarakhand Bihar and Madhya Pradesh the
yy_roB7s_E8-00319-00107583-00107829 festival and dramatic enactment of the
yy_roB7s_E8-00320-00107830-00108123 virtues versus vices filled story as
yy_roB7s_E8-00321-00108124-00108396 organised by communities in hundreds of
yy_roB7s_E8-00322-00108397-00108690 small villages and towns attracting a
yy_roB7s_E8-00323-00108691-00108927 mix of audience from different social
yy_roB7s_E8-00324-00108928-00109350 gender and economic backgrounds in many
yy_roB7s_E8-00325-00109351-00109665 parts the audience and villagers join in
yy_roB7s_E8-00326-00109666-00109947 and participate spontaneously some
yy_roB7s_E8-00327-00109948-00110202 helping the artists others helping with
yy_roB7s_E8-00328-00110203-00110541 stage set up create makeup effigies and
yy_roB7s_E8-00329-00110542-00110786 lights the most famous Navaratri
yy_roB7s_E8-00330-00110788-00111110 festival as organized at Katra in Jammu
yy_roB7s_E8-00331-00111111-00111501 province it is an annual event promoted
yy_roB7s_E8-00332-00111502-00111779 by Directorate of Tourism Jammu and
yy_roB7s_E8-00333-00111780-00112356 Srinagar I'm bored hundreds of thousands
yy_roB7s_E8-00334-00112357-00112602 of devotees pay their attendance at
yy_roB7s_E8-00335-00112603-00112886 Katra for the festival
yy_roB7s_E8-00336-00112888-00113148 Navaratri has historically been a
yy_roB7s_E8-00337-00113149-00113454 prominent ritual festival for kings and
yy_roB7s_E8-00338-00113455-00113829 military of a kingdom at the end of the
yy_roB7s_E8-00339-00113830-00114096 Navratri comes Dussehra where the
yy_roB7s_E8-00340-00114097-00114366 effigies of ravana Kumbhakarna and
yy_roB7s_E8-00341-00114367-00114618 meghanadha are burned to celebrate the
yy_roB7s_E8-00342-00114619-00114965 victory of good Rama over evil forces on
yy_roB7s_E8-00343-00114966-00115193 vijayadashami
yy_roB7s_E8-00344-00115194-00115448 elsewhere during this religious
yy_roB7s_E8-00345-00115449-00115735 observance goddess Durga's war against
yy_roB7s_E8-00346-00115736-00116101 deception and evil as remembered appadas
yy_roB7s_E8-00347-00116102-00116207 installed
yy_roB7s_E8-00348-00116208-00116507 goddess tapana at a sanctified place at
yy_roB7s_E8-00349-00116508-00116914 home a lamp has kept lit in the pot for
yy_roB7s_E8-00350-00116915-00117253 nine days the pot symbolizes the
yy_roB7s_E8-00351-00117254-00117568 universe the uninterrupted lit lamp
yy_roB7s_E8-00352-00117569-00117782 symbolizes the adishakti
yy_roB7s_E8-00353-00117783-00118483 ie Durga Devi
yy_roB7s_E8-00354-00118484-00119002 topic Bihar
yy_roB7s_E8-00355-00119003-00119320 in parts of Bihar goddess Durga is
yy_roB7s_E8-00356-00119321-00119668 revered during the autumn Navaratri in
yy_roB7s_E8-00357-00119669-00119985 other parts such near Siddha mari close
yy_roB7s_E8-00358-00119986-00120274 to Nepal border the spring of Rattray
yy_roB7s_E8-00359-00120275-00120577 attracts a large ramanavami Fair which
yy_roB7s_E8-00360-00120578-00120861 marks the birth of Lord Rama as well as
yy_roB7s_E8-00361-00120863-00121096 a reverence for his wife Sita who
yy_roB7s_E8-00362-00121097-00121444 legends place was born at Sid Amari it
yy_roB7s_E8-00363-00121445-00121771 is the largest cattle trading fair and
yy_roB7s_E8-00364-00121772-00122065 attracts a large handicrafts market in
yy_roB7s_E8-00365-00122066-00122358 pottery kitchen and house where as well
yy_roB7s_E8-00366-00122359-00122683 as traditional clothing festive
yy_roB7s_E8-00367-00122683-00122944 performance arts and celebrations are
yy_roB7s_E8-00368-00122945-00123232 held at the local Hindu temple dedicated
yy_roB7s_E8-00369-00123233-00124061 to Sita Hanuman Durga and Ganesha
yy_roB7s_E8-00370-00124063-00124593 topic Gujarat
yy_roB7s_E8-00371-00124594-00124944 Navaratri festival in Gujarat as one of
yy_roB7s_E8-00372-00124945-00125244 the main festivals the traditional
yy_roB7s_E8-00373-00125245-00125532 method includes fasting for a day or
yy_roB7s_E8-00374-00125533-00125825 partially every of the nine days such as
yy_roB7s_E8-00375-00125826-00126096 by not eating grains are just taking
yy_roB7s_E8-00376-00126097-00126362 liquid foods in remembrance of one of
yy_roB7s_E8-00377-00126363-00126710 nine aspects of Shakti goddess the
yy_roB7s_E8-00378-00126711-00126999 prayers are dedicated to a symbolic clay
yy_roB7s_E8-00379-00127000-00127283 pot called garbo as a remembrance of
yy_roB7s_E8-00380-00127284-00127658 womb of the family and universe the clay
yy_roB7s_E8-00381-00127659-00127910 pot is lit and this has believed to
yy_roB7s_E8-00382-00127911-00128324 represent the one admin soul self
yy_roB7s_E8-00383-00128325-00128653 in Gujarat and nearby Hindu communities
yy_roB7s_E8-00384-00128654-00128959 such as in malwa the Garbo significance
yy_roB7s_E8-00385-00128960-00129218 has celebrated through performance arts
yy_roB7s_E8-00386-00129219-00129616 on all nine days the most visible as
yy_roB7s_E8-00387-00129617-00129877 group dances from villages to towns
yy_roB7s_E8-00388-00129878-00130129 called Garba accompanied by live
yy_roB7s_E8-00389-00130130-00130435 orchestra seasonal raga or devotional
yy_roB7s_E8-00390-00130436-00130864 songs it is a folk dance where people of
yy_roB7s_E8-00391-00130865-00131162 different background and skills join and
yy_roB7s_E8-00392-00131163-00131554 form concentric circles the circles can
yy_roB7s_E8-00393-00131555-00131924 grow or shrink reaching sizes of 100s
yy_roB7s_E8-00394-00131925-00132214 sometimes 1 thousands of people dancing
yy_roB7s_E8-00395-00132215-00132514 and clapping in circular moves in their
yy_roB7s_E8-00396-00132515-00132832 traditional costumes at the same time
yy_roB7s_E8-00397-00132833-00133208 the Garba dance sometimes deploys dan
yy_roB7s_E8-00398-00133209-00133516 Diaz sticks coordinated movements and
yy_roB7s_E8-00399-00133517-00133765 striking of sticks between the dancers
yy_roB7s_E8-00400-00133766-00134126 and teasing between the genders post
yy_roB7s_E8-00401-00134127-00134391 dancing the group and the audience
yy_roB7s_E8-00402-00134392-00134662 socializes and feasts together
yy_roB7s_E8-00403-00134663-00135035 regionally the same thematic celebration
yy_roB7s_E8-00404-00135036-00135352 of community songs music and dances on
yy_roB7s_E8-00405-00135353-00136177 Navaratri as called Garbi or gobby
yy_roB7s_E8-00406-00136178-00136680 topic go
yy_roB7s_E8-00407-00136681-00136989 in the temples of Goa on the first day
yy_roB7s_E8-00408-00136990-00137283 of the Hindu month of ashwin in temples
yy_roB7s_E8-00409-00137284-00137580 and some households a copper pitcher as
yy_roB7s_E8-00410-00137581-00137838 installed surrounded by clay in which
yy_roB7s_E8-00411-00137839-00138156 nine varieties of food grains are placed
yy_roB7s_E8-00412-00138157-00138456 inside the sanctum sanctorum of devi and
yy_roB7s_E8-00413-00138457-00138810 Krishna temples the nine nights are
yy_roB7s_E8-00414-00138811-00139068 celebrated by presenting devotional
yy_roB7s_E8-00415-00139069-00139430 songs and through religious discourses
yy_roB7s_E8-00416-00139431-00139779 artists arrived to perform folk musical
yy_roB7s_E8-00417-00139780-00140145 instruments celebrations include placing
yy_roB7s_E8-00418-00140146-00140352 the goddess image in a specially
yy_roB7s_E8-00419-00140353-00140637 decorated colourful silver swing known
yy_roB7s_E8-00420-00140638-00140931 as Makar in Konkani language and for
yy_roB7s_E8-00421-00140932-00141180 each of the nine nights she has swung to
yy_roB7s_E8-00422-00141181-00141444 the tune of temple music called as Rana
yy_roB7s_E8-00423-00141445-00141729 vodka and devotees singing kirtan and
yy_roB7s_E8-00424-00141730-00142080 waving lamps this as locally called
yy_roB7s_E8-00425-00142081-00142344 maccer octave the last night of the goa
yy_roB7s_E8-00426-00142345-00142572 Navaratri festival as a major
yy_roB7s_E8-00427-00142573-00142841 celebration and attracts larger
yy_roB7s_E8-00428-00142842-00143211 participation it is locally called the
yy_roB7s_E8-00429-00143212-00143795 Makar or a tea
yy_roB7s_E8-00430-00143796-00144329 topic Karnataka
yy_roB7s_E8-00431-00144330-00144677 in Karnataka Navaratri as observed by
yy_roB7s_E8-00432-00144678-00144993 lighting up Hindu temples cultural sites
yy_roB7s_E8-00433-00144994-00145386 and my regal processions it is locally
yy_roB7s_E8-00434-00145387-00145604 called Dasara and it as the state
yy_roB7s_E8-00435-00145605-00146022 festival Netta haba of Karnataka of the
yy_roB7s_E8-00436-00146023-00146348 many celebrations the Mysore Dasara as a
yy_roB7s_E8-00437-00146349-00146579 major one and is popular for its
yy_roB7s_E8-00438-00146580-00146852 festivities the contemporary Dasara
yy_roB7s_E8-00439-00146853-00147144 festivities at Mysore are credited to
yy_roB7s_E8-00440-00147145-00147401 the efforts of king raja wadiyar the
yy_roB7s_E8-00441-00147402-00147860 first in 1610 on the 9th day of Dussehra
yy_roB7s_E8-00442-00147861-00148190 called maha navami the royal sword has
yy_roB7s_E8-00443-00148191-00148395 worshipped and has taken on a procession
yy_roB7s_E8-00444-00148396-00148697 of decorated elephants and horses
yy_roB7s_E8-00445-00148698-00149014 the day after Navratri on the
yy_roB7s_E8-00446-00149015-00149327 Vijayadashami day the traditional Dasara
yy_roB7s_E8-00447-00149328-00149568 procession has held on the streets of
yy_roB7s_E8-00448-00149569-00149868 mysore an image of the goddess
yy_roB7s_E8-00449-00149869-00150161 Chamundeshwari is placed on a golden
yy_roB7s_E8-00450-00150162-00150461 saddle powder on the back of a decorated
yy_roB7s_E8-00451-00150462-00150673 elephant and taken on a procession
yy_roB7s_E8-00452-00150674-00150974 accompanied by tableaus dance groups
yy_roB7s_E8-00453-00150975-00151293 music bands decorated elephants horses
yy_roB7s_E8-00454-00151294-00151644 and camels ayuda pooja is dedicated to
yy_roB7s_E8-00455-00151645-00151893 saraswati goddess on the 9th day of
yy_roB7s_E8-00456-00151894-00152213 Dussehra where military personnel upkeep
yy_roB7s_E8-00457-00152214-00152457 their weapons and family's upkeep their
yy_roB7s_E8-00458-00152458-00152723 tools of livelihood both offering a
yy_roB7s_E8-00459-00152724-00153011 prayer to Saraswati as well as Parvati
yy_roB7s_E8-00460-00153012-00153420 and Lakshmi another Navaratri tradition
yy_roB7s_E8-00461-00153421-00153710 in Karnataka has been decorating a part
yy_roB7s_E8-00462-00153711-00153960 of one's home with art dolls called
yy_roB7s_E8-00463-00153961-00154328 Gombe or balm similar to Golu dolls of
yy_roB7s_E8-00464-00154329-00154751 Tamil Nadu an art themed gordy Gombe
yy_roB7s_E8-00465-00154752-00155054 featuring folk dances which incorporate
yy_roB7s_E8-00466-00155055-00155319 these dolls is also a part of the
yy_roB7s_E8-00467-00155320-00155935 celebration
yy_roB7s_E8-00468-00155936-00156444 topic Kerala
yy_roB7s_E8-00469-00156445-00156788 in Kerala and in some parts of Karnataka
yy_roB7s_E8-00470-00156789-00157047 three days ish Tama Navami
yy_roB7s_E8-00471-00157048-00157337 and Vijaya Dashami of Sharad anavra
yy_roB7s_E8-00472-00157338-00157589 three are celebrated as Saraswati puja
yy_roB7s_E8-00473-00157590-00157973 in which books are worshiped the books
yy_roB7s_E8-00474-00157974-00158247 are placed for puja on the ash Tama Day
yy_roB7s_E8-00475-00158248-00158522 in own houses traditional nursery
yy_roB7s_E8-00476-00158523-00158915 schools or in temples on Vijaya Dashami
yy_roB7s_E8-00477-00158916-00159035 day
yy_roB7s_E8-00478-00159036-00159290 the books are ceremoniously taken out
yy_roB7s_E8-00479-00159291-00159554 for reading and writing after worshiping
yy_roB7s_E8-00480-00159555-00159938 sarasvati Vijaya Dashami Day is
yy_roB7s_E8-00481-00159939-00160199 considered auspicious for initiating the
yy_roB7s_E8-00482-00160200-00160439 children into writing and reading which
yy_roB7s_E8-00483-00160440-00160724 is called Vidya album the Vidya Rambam
yy_roB7s_E8-00484-00160725-00160985 Day tradition starts with the baby or
yy_roB7s_E8-00485-00160986-00161240 child sitting on the lap of an elderly
yy_roB7s_E8-00486-00161241-00161516 person such as the grandfather NIR
yy_roB7s_E8-00487-00161517-00161895 images of Saraswati and Ganesha the
yy_roB7s_E8-00488-00161896-00162113 elder writes a letter and the child
yy_roB7s_E8-00489-00162114-00162384 writes the same with his or her index
yy_roB7s_E8-00490-00162385-00162749 finger this Hindu tradition is so
yy_roB7s_E8-00491-00162750-00163004 popular that Christian organisations
yy_roB7s_E8-00492-00163005-00163274 have copied it and ritually observe it
yy_roB7s_E8-00493-00163275-00163709 inside many churches however Navratri
yy_roB7s_E8-00494-00163710-00163979 traditions of hindus is not the only
yy_roB7s_E8-00495-00163980-00164256 tradition observed by kerala Christians
yy_roB7s_E8-00496-00164257-00164556 many other Hindu ritual traditions are
yy_roB7s_E8-00497-00164557-00165247 celebrated in churches
yy_roB7s_E8-00498-00165248-00165801 topic maharashtra
yy_roB7s_E8-00499-00165802-00166137 the Navaratri celebrations vary across
yy_roB7s_E8-00500-00166138-00166389 Maharashtra and the specific rights
yy_roB7s_E8-00501-00166390-00166665 differ between regions even if they are
yy_roB7s_E8-00502-00166666-00166908 called the same and dedicated to the
yy_roB7s_E8-00503-00166909-00167304 same deity the most common celebration
yy_roB7s_E8-00504-00167305-00167520 begins on the first day of Navaratri
yy_roB7s_E8-00505-00167521-00167856 with goddess tapana stefana of a God
yy_roB7s_E8-00506-00167857-00168216 which literally means mounting of a jar
yy_roB7s_E8-00507-00168217-00168693 on this day rural households mount a
yy_roB7s_E8-00508-00168694-00168972 copper or brass jar filled with water
yy_roB7s_E8-00509-00168973-00169275 upon a small heap of rice kept on a
yy_roB7s_E8-00510-00169276-00169679 wooden stool pat additionally with the
yy_roB7s_E8-00511-00169680-00169895 jar is typically placed other
yy_roB7s_E8-00512-00169896-00170157 agriculture symbols such as turmeric
yy_roB7s_E8-00513-00170158-00170481 root leaves of mango tree coconut and
yy_roB7s_E8-00514-00170482-00170751 major staple grains usually eight
yy_roB7s_E8-00515-00170752-00171171 varieties a lamp is lighted symbolizing
yy_roB7s_E8-00516-00171172-00171423 knowledge and household prosperity and
yy_roB7s_E8-00517-00171424-00171648 kept a light through the nine nights of
yy_roB7s_E8-00518-00171649-00171921 Navaratri the family worshiped the pot
yy_roB7s_E8-00519-00171922-00172221 for nine days by offering rituals and a
yy_roB7s_E8-00520-00172222-00172541 garland of flowers leaves fruits dry
yy_roB7s_E8-00521-00172542-00172857 fruits etc with an ayah Vidya and water
yy_roB7s_E8-00522-00172858-00173097 as offered in order to get the seeds
yy_roB7s_E8-00523-00173098-00173499 sprouted some families also celebrate
yy_roB7s_E8-00524-00173500-00173853 Kali Puja non days one and two Laxmi
yy_roB7s_E8-00525-00173854-00174165 puja non days three four five and
yy_roB7s_E8-00526-00174166-00174513 Saraswati puja on day six seven eight
yy_roB7s_E8-00527-00174514-00174915 nine along with goddess tapana on the
yy_roB7s_E8-00528-00174916-00175433 eighth day ah yeah ah or home is
yy_roB7s_E8-00529-00175434-00175713 performed in the name of Goddess Durga
yy_roB7s_E8-00530-00175714-00176100 on ninth day the gut puja is done and
yy_roB7s_E8-00531-00176101-00176352 the god has dissolved after taking off
yy_roB7s_E8-00532-00176353-00176648 the sprouted leaves of the grains in
yy_roB7s_E8-00533-00176649-00176979 many families a woman from the Tang
yy_roB7s_E8-00534-00176980-00177228 community has called and offered food
yy_roB7s_E8-00535-00177229-00177585 and blessings are sought from her she is
yy_roB7s_E8-00536-00177586-00177860 considered as a form of the goddess
yy_roB7s_E8-00537-00177861-00178241 Matangi the fifth day worship of Goddess
yy_roB7s_E8-00538-00178242-00178503 Lalita is unusually common in
yy_roB7s_E8-00539-00178504-00178916 Maharashtra on the ninth day day navami
yy_roB7s_E8-00540-00178917-00179166 of the festival men party
yy_roB7s_E8-00541-00179167-00179415 paid in au de puta like the rest of
yy_roB7s_E8-00542-00179416-00179706 India where all sorts of tools weapons
yy_roB7s_E8-00543-00179707-00180003 vehicles and productive instruments are
yy_roB7s_E8-00544-00180004-00180243 maintained decorated tanked and
yy_roB7s_E8-00545-00180244-00180816 worshiped
yy_roB7s_E8-00546-00180817-00181393 topic Tamilnadu
yy_roB7s_E8-00547-00181394-00181728 Navaratri has been a historic tradition
yy_roB7s_E8-00548-00181729-00182040 within Tamilnadu with Lakshmi Saraswathi
yy_roB7s_E8-00549-00182041-00182473 and Durga goddesses the focus like the
yy_roB7s_E8-00550-00182474-00182751 rest of India the festival has been an
yy_roB7s_E8-00551-00182752-00182952 occasion for performance art
yy_roB7s_E8-00552-00182953-00183309 particularly Hindu temple dances such as
yy_roB7s_E8-00553-00183310-00183673 Bharatanatyam and Mahina Yotam major
yy_roB7s_E8-00554-00183674-00184006 palaces community centers and historic
yy_roB7s_E8-00555-00184007-00184386 temples have embedded dance halls for
yy_roB7s_E8-00556-00184387-00184650 example the Padmanabha poram palace
yy_roB7s_E8-00557-00184651-00185025 built about 1600 seee has had a large
yy_roB7s_E8-00558-00185026-00185262 dance hall with intricately carved
yy_roB7s_E8-00559-00185263-00185557 pillars a structure entirely made of
yy_roB7s_E8-00560-00185558-00185964 stone this dance hall has traditionally
yy_roB7s_E8-00561-00185965-00186279 been known as Navratri man tapa the
yy_roB7s_E8-00562-00186280-00186564 festivities begin with Vedic chants
yy_roB7s_E8-00563-00186565-00186784 inaugurating the dances and other
yy_roB7s_E8-00564-00186785-00187183 ceremonies other Tamil Hindu temples
yy_roB7s_E8-00565-00187184-00187458 such as those associated with Sri
yy_roB7s_E8-00566-00187459-00187744 vaishnavism also celebrate the never
yy_roB7s_E8-00567-00187745-00187999 three festivities
yy_roB7s_E8-00568-00188000-00188278 another notable tamil tradition as a
yy_roB7s_E8-00569-00188279-00188560 celebration of the festival with Golu
yy_roB7s_E8-00570-00188561-00188841 dolls also spelled as gollu
yy_roB7s_E8-00571-00188842-00189244 these include gods goddesses animals
yy_roB7s_E8-00572-00189245-00189550 birds and rural life all in a miniature
yy_roB7s_E8-00573-00189551-00189955 design people set up their own creative
yy_roB7s_E8-00574-00189956-00190213 themes in their homes called colu
yy_roB7s_E8-00575-00190214-00190471 friends and families invite each other
yy_roB7s_E8-00576-00190472-00190732 to visit their homes to view colu
yy_roB7s_E8-00577-00190733-00191079 displays then exchange gifts and sweets
yy_roB7s_E8-00578-00191080-00191419 this tradition is also found in other
yy_roB7s_E8-00579-00191420-00191695 parts of South India such as Andhra
yy_roB7s_E8-00580-00191696-00191911 Pradesh where it called Vimala
yy_roB7s_E8-00581-00191912-00192214 Callooh and Karnataka where it is called
yy_roB7s_E8-00582-00192215-00192658 Gombe haba or Gombe toddy evidence of
yy_roB7s_E8-00583-00192659-00192916 Gombe toddy tradition as a Hindu
yy_roB7s_E8-00584-00192917-00193189 celebration of the artisan arts goes
yy_roB7s_E8-00585-00193190-00193488 back to at least the 14th century
yy_roB7s_E8-00586-00193489-00193926 Vijayanagara Empire in the evening of
yy_roB7s_E8-00587-00193927-00194395 Vijayadasami anyone doll from the coal
yy_roB7s_E8-00588-00194396-00194767 loo is symbolically put to sleep and the
yy_roB7s_E8-00589-00194768-00195061 kalasa has moved a bit towards north to
yy_roB7s_E8-00590-00195062-00195331 mark the end of that year's Navaratri
yy_roB7s_E8-00591-00195332-00195679 colu the family offers a prayer of
yy_roB7s_E8-00592-00195680-00195940 thanks and wraps up the display in
yy_roB7s_E8-00593-00195941-00196255 temples of Tamil Nadu Navaratri has
yy_roB7s_E8-00594-00196256-00196510 celebrated for the devyse dwelling in
yy_roB7s_E8-00595-00196511-00196876 each temples the temples are decorated
yy_roB7s_E8-00596-00196877-00197152 ceremonial lamps are lit and Vedic
yy_roB7s_E8-00597-00197153-00197527 chanting ZAR performed popular Tamil
yy_roB7s_E8-00598-00197528-00197827 Nadu temples celebrating Navaratri our
yy_roB7s_E8-00599-00197828-00198145 madurai meenakshi temple chennai kapolei
yy_roB7s_E8-00600-00198146-00198205 Eswari
yy_roB7s_E8-00601-00198206-00198457 temple kalasa karapatan immed evie
yy_roB7s_E8-00602-00198458-00198760 temple param ba la amman temple sri
yy_roB7s_E8-00603-00198761-00199060 rangam Ranganathan temple an 8th century
yy_roB7s_E8-00604-00199061-00199480 Kumari amman temple priests and visitors
yy_roB7s_E8-00605-00199481-00199717 to some of these temples where a special
yy_roB7s_E8-00606-00199718-00199933 yellow coloured promise of protection
yy_roB7s_E8-00607-00199934-00200227 thread on their wrists called kapoor
yy_roB7s_E8-00608-00200228-00200632 tamil rakhi bandhana Sanskrit
yy_roB7s_E8-00609-00200633-00200901 it is believed to symbolize a vow to the
yy_roB7s_E8-00610-00200902-00201148 goddess and protection from the goddess
yy_roB7s_E8-00611-00201149-00201767 against evil
yy_roB7s_E8-00612-00201768-00202308 topic Telangana
yy_roB7s_E8-00613-00202309-00202688 in telangana Navaratri is celebrated as
yy_roB7s_E8-00614-00202689-00202944 in the rest of India and it ends with
yy_roB7s_E8-00615-00202945-00203315 Dasara during the Navaratri night a
yy_roB7s_E8-00616-00203316-00203603 notable Telangana tradition involves
yy_roB7s_E8-00617-00203604-00203876 Telugu Hindu women who produce bath
yy_roB7s_E8-00618-00203877-00204275 achama for Navratri goddesses it is an
yy_roB7s_E8-00619-00204276-00204585 artistic flower decorations driven event
yy_roB7s_E8-00620-00204586-00204863 particularly using marigolds which
yy_roB7s_E8-00621-00204864-00205139 revere three different aspects Devi
yy_roB7s_E8-00622-00205140-00205658 called tri devi in 2016 nine point two
yy_roB7s_E8-00623-00205659-00205933 nine two women simultaneously
yy_roB7s_E8-00624-00205934-00206178 participated to create a 20 feet high
yy_roB7s_E8-00625-00206179-00206465 flower arrangements one of the world's
yy_roB7s_E8-00626-00206466-00206759 largest festive flower arrangement first
yy_roB7s_E8-00627-00206760-00207086 three days the goddess durga parvati is
yy_roB7s_E8-00628-00207087-00207477 revered the next three days goddess
yy_roB7s_E8-00629-00207478-00207761 lakshmi is worshipped over the last
yy_roB7s_E8-00630-00207762-00208067 three days locals revere the goddess of
yy_roB7s_E8-00631-00208069-00208241 wisdom Saraswathi
yy_roB7s_E8-00632-00208242-00208616 in order to have all-round success in
yy_roB7s_E8-00633-00208617-00208680 life
yy_roB7s_E8-00634-00208681-00208886 believers seek the blessings of all
yy_roB7s_E8-00635-00208887-00209165 three aspects of the divine femininity
yy_roB7s_E8-00636-00209166-00209417 hence the nine nights of worship like
yy_roB7s_E8-00637-00209419-00209571 elsewhere in India
yy_roB7s_E8-00638-00209571-00209853 ayuda pooja is observed by Telangana
yy_roB7s_E8-00639-00209854-00210116 Hindus where weapons are maintained
yy_roB7s_E8-00640-00210117-00210467 decorated and worshipped tradesmen and
yy_roB7s_E8-00641-00210469-00210792 farmers similarly clean up decorate and
yy_roB7s_E8-00642-00210792-00211577 worship their own equipment of trade
yy_roB7s_E8-00643-00211578-00212217 topic animal sacrifice
yy_roB7s_E8-00644-00212219-00212583 animal sacrifice as a part of some durga
yy_roB7s_E8-00645-00212584-00212887 puja celebrations during the Navratri in
yy_roB7s_E8-00646-00212888-00213250 eastern states of india the goddess has
yy_roB7s_E8-00647-00213251-00213502 offered sacrificial animal in this
yy_roB7s_E8-00648-00213503-00213742 ritual in the belief that it stimulates
yy_roB7s_E8-00649-00213742-00213996 her violent vengeance against the
yy_roB7s_E8-00650-00213998-00214354 buffalo demon according to christopher
yy_roB7s_E8-00651-00214355-00214648 fuller the animal sacrifice practice as
yy_roB7s_E8-00652-00214648-00214959 rare among Hindus during Navratri or at
yy_roB7s_E8-00653-00214960-00215179 other times outside the shaktism
yy_roB7s_E8-00654-00215180-00215448 tradition found in the eastern Indian
yy_roB7s_E8-00655-00215450-00215831 states of West Bengal Odisha and Assam
yy_roB7s_E8-00656-00215832-00216130 further even in these states the
yy_roB7s_E8-00657-00216131-00216435 festival season as one where significant
yy_roB7s_E8-00658-00216436-00216838 animal sacrifices are observed in some
yy_roB7s_E8-00659-00216839-00217098 shock to Hindu communities the slaying
yy_roB7s_E8-00660-00217100-00217405 of buffalo demon and victory of durga as
yy_roB7s_E8-00661-00217406-00217659 observed with a symbolic sacrifice
yy_roB7s_E8-00662-00217660-00217975 instead of animal sacrifice the Rajput
yy_roB7s_E8-00663-00217976-00218232 of rajasthan worshiped their weapons and
yy_roB7s_E8-00664-00218233-00218512 horses on Navratri and formerly offered
yy_roB7s_E8-00665-00218513-00218769 a sacrifice of a goat to a goddess
yy_roB7s_E8-00666-00218771-00219052 revered as coal Devi a practice that
yy_roB7s_E8-00667-00219053-00219432 continues in some places the ritual
yy_roB7s_E8-00668-00219433-00219691 requires slaying of the animal with a
yy_roB7s_E8-00669-00219692-00220044 single stroke in the past this ritual
yy_roB7s_E8-00670-00220046-00220284 was considered a rite of passage into
yy_roB7s_E8-00671-00220285-00220656 manhood and readiness as a warrior the
yy_roB7s_E8-00672-00220657-00220930 coal Devi among these Rajput communities
yy_roB7s_E8-00673-00220931-00221176 as a warrior pet of Radha Guardian
yy_roB7s_E8-00674-00221177-00221437 goddess with local legends tracing
yy_roB7s_E8-00675-00221438-00221713 reverence for her during Rajput Muslim
yy_roB7s_E8-00676-00221714-00222001 Wars the tradition of animal sacrifice
yy_roB7s_E8-00677-00222002-00222285 as being substituted with vegetarian
yy_roB7s_E8-00678-00222286-00222544 offerings to the goddess in temples and
yy_roB7s_E8-00679-00222544-00222817 households around Banaras in northern
yy_roB7s_E8-00680-00222817-00223410 India
yy_roB7s_E8-00681-00223411-00224037 topic outside India
yy_roB7s_E8-00682-00224038-00224346 the Hindu diaspora that migrated as
yy_roB7s_E8-00683-00224346-00224616 indentured servants during colonial era
yy_roB7s_E8-00684-00224617-00224906 to various plantations and mines around
yy_roB7s_E8-00685-00224907-00225176 the world as well as those who migrated
yy_roB7s_E8-00686-00225177-00225425 on their own continued to mark their
yy_roB7s_E8-00687-00225426-00225809 Navaratri traditions tamil Hindus in
yy_roB7s_E8-00688-00225810-00226121 Malaysia Singapore and Thailand for
yy_roB7s_E8-00689-00226122-00226437 example built Hindu temples in Southeast
yy_roB7s_E8-00690-00226438-00226778 Asia in the 19th century and Navratri
yy_roB7s_E8-00691-00226779-00227042 has been one of their major traditional
yy_roB7s_E8-00692-00227044-00227501 festivals in Trinidad Guyana and United
yy_roB7s_E8-00693-00227502-00227790 Kingdom Navratri and Diwali have been
yy_roB7s_E8-00694-00227791-00228069 one of the most visible celebrations of
yy_roB7s_E8-00695-00228069-00228326 the local Hindu communities from about
yy_roB7s_E8-00696-00228327-00229048 mid 20th century
yy_roB7s_E8-00697-00229050-00229669 topic other religions
yy_roB7s_E8-00698-00229671-00229948 Navaratri and goddess worship as
yy_roB7s_E8-00699-00229950-00230180 mentioned in the historic Sikhism
yy_roB7s_E8-00700-00230181-00230450 literature particularly in the Dawson
yy_roB7s_E8-00701-00230451-00230732 grant traditionally attributed to Guru
yy_roB7s_E8-00702-00230733-00231119 Gobind Sain according to Lewis fennec
yy_roB7s_E8-00703-00231119-00231371 the Sikhs have historically mirrored the
yy_roB7s_E8-00704-00231371-00231596 reverence for Devi Shakthi and the
yy_roB7s_E8-00705-00231596-00231821 worship of weapons in a manner similar
yy_roB7s_E8-00706-00231821-00232246 to those by Shakti Hindus the second
yy_roB7s_E8-00707-00232248-00232594 guru of Sikhism Guru Angad was an ardent
yy_roB7s_E8-00708-00232596-00232885 devotee of Goddess Durga the Jains have
yy_roB7s_E8-00709-00232886-00233096 observed the social and cultural
yy_roB7s_E8-00710-00233096-00233396 celebrations of Navaratri with hindus
yy_roB7s_E8-00711-00233396-00233765 such as the folk dances the stave and
yy_roB7s_E8-00712-00233766-00234089 poetry of Jainism states M Whitney
yy_roB7s_E8-00713-00234090-00234425 Kelton draw much of their imagery from
yy_roB7s_E8-00714-00234426-00235242 the garbha poems of Hinduism
yy_roB7s_E8-00715-00235244-00235821 topic see also
yy_roB7s_E8-00716-00235823-00236346 Durga Puja vijayadashami
yy_roB7s_E8-00717-00236348-00236748 Garba Jodi Kailash
yy_roB7s_E8-00718-00236750-00237092 nine Emperor God's festival
yy_roB7s_E8-00719-00237094-00237683 Mysore Dasara Gowalla Devi temple John
yy_roB7s_E8-00720-00237684-00237928 Day will on temple
yy_roB7s_E8-00721-00237929-00238282 equals equals nodes
y_VxHMwyJto-00000-00000000-00000335 want to talk today about processes for
y_VxHMwyJto-00001-00000336-00000623 actually evaluating our models that
y_VxHMwyJto-00002-00000624-00000839 we're learning via these machine
y_VxHMwyJto-00003-00000840-00000994 learning methods that we've been talking
y_VxHMwyJto-00004-00000996-00001139 about and particularly we want to be
y_VxHMwyJto-00005-00001140-00001343 able to do this in a robust way
y_VxHMwyJto-00006-00001344-00001612 we've already talked in class about a
y_VxHMwyJto-00007-00001613-00001834 variety of these issues and now I want
y_VxHMwyJto-00008-00001835-00002092 to really bring this together and talk
y_VxHMwyJto-00009-00002093-00002387 about them all to all in one place and
y_VxHMwyJto-00010-00002388-00002650 talk about what options we actually have
y_VxHMwyJto-00011-00002651-00003041 as we're trying to solve these problems
y_VxHMwyJto-00012-00003042-00003395 okay so we want to achieve a variety of
y_VxHMwyJto-00013-00003396-00003677 different things as we go through this
y_VxHMwyJto-00014-00003678-00004006 reliability type of process first off we
y_VxHMwyJto-00015-00004007-00004133 want to be able to convince ourselves
y_VxHMwyJto-00016-00004134-00004451 and other people that any of the models
y_VxHMwyJto-00017-00004452-00004583 that we are putting forward are actually
y_VxHMwyJto-00018-00004584-00004817 going to work with data that we haven't
y_VxHMwyJto-00019-00004818-00005104 seen before and in particular uh with
y_VxHMwyJto-00020-00005105-00005219 data that we're going to see in the
y_VxHMwyJto-00021-00005220-00005381 future
y_VxHMwyJto-00022-00005382-00005777 we also want to have a very good sense
y_VxHMwyJto-00023-00005778-00006133 about how the model performs
y_VxHMwyJto-00024-00006134-00006400 uh as a function of a variety of
y_VxHMwyJto-00025-00006401-00006598 different things in particular the
y_VxHMwyJto-00026-00006600-00006719 specific training data that we're
y_VxHMwyJto-00027-00006720-00006977 actually using to construct those models
y_VxHMwyJto-00028-00006978-00007325 as well as the size of that training
y_VxHMwyJto-00029-00007326-00007531 data set
y_VxHMwyJto-00030-00007531-00007864 we also want to be able to select our
y_VxHMwyJto-00031-00007865-00008134 model hyper parameters in a formal way
y_VxHMwyJto-00032-00008136-00008549 and when we have multiple model types
y_VxHMwyJto-00033-00008550-00008746 sitting in front of us we want to have
y_VxHMwyJto-00034-00008747-00008999 some formal way of comparing those two
y_VxHMwyJto-00035-00009000-00009292 in sort of a bake off kind of a scenario
y_VxHMwyJto-00036-00009293-00009533 so that we can ultimately choose one to
y_VxHMwyJto-00037-00009534-00009839 put forward say into operation
y_VxHMwyJto-00038-00009840-00009964 foreign
y_VxHMwyJto-00039-00009965-00010319 so a few definitions uh when I use the
y_VxHMwyJto-00040-00010320-00010459 word parameters
y_VxHMwyJto-00041-00010460-00010756 what I mean by this is that these are
y_VxHMwyJto-00042-00010757-00010960 parameters that are actually selected by
y_VxHMwyJto-00043-00010961-00011231 our learning algorithm hyper parameters
y_VxHMwyJto-00044-00011232-00011483 are also parameters but these are
y_VxHMwyJto-00045-00011484-00011687 specified from the outside so typically
y_VxHMwyJto-00046-00011688-00012017 we as practitioners are making decisions
y_VxHMwyJto-00047-00012018-00012209 about them or we have some sort of other
y_VxHMwyJto-00048-00012210-00012496 meta algorithm that is making decisions
y_VxHMwyJto-00049-00012497-00012659 about what those parameters are all
y_VxHMwyJto-00050-00012660-00012880 about so these hyper parameters will
y_VxHMwyJto-00051-00012881-00013055 affect how our different learning
y_VxHMwyJto-00052-00013056-00013277 algorithms actually behave so we've
y_VxHMwyJto-00053-00013278-00013475 talked about regularization types of
y_VxHMwyJto-00054-00013476-00013691 parameters we also might have hyper
y_VxHMwyJto-00055-00013691-00013979 parameters associated with the structure
y_VxHMwyJto-00056-00013980-00014183 of the models that we're using so I'm in
y_VxHMwyJto-00057-00014184-00014411 deep learning world we might have hyper
y_VxHMwyJto-00058-00014412-00014536 parameters associated with number of
y_VxHMwyJto-00059-00014537-00014783 layers or how many hidden units we might
y_VxHMwyJto-00060-00014784-00014957 have in a given layer
y_VxHMwyJto-00061-00014958-00015107 Etc
y_VxHMwyJto-00062-00015108-00015599 another uh key definition is model type
y_VxHMwyJto-00063-00015600-00015880 so these are broad category of models so
y_VxHMwyJto-00064-00015881-00016066 I might have a deep Network I might have
y_VxHMwyJto-00065-00016068-00016349 a support Vector machine or a decision
y_VxHMwyJto-00066-00016350-00016535 tree or a linear model
y_VxHMwyJto-00067-00016536-00016625 Etc
y_VxHMwyJto-00068-00016626-00016925 and ultimately it's that model type
y_VxHMwyJto-00069-00016926-00017230 where we're we're actually doing those
y_VxHMwyJto-00070-00017231-00017597 those bake offs against
y_VxHMwyJto-00071-00017598-00018017 all right so so uh let's talk about
y_VxHMwyJto-00072-00018018-00018365 really the data universe so this is the
y_VxHMwyJto-00073-00018366-00018586 universe of all possible samples that we
y_VxHMwyJto-00074-00018587-00018917 can actually draw from the the world so
y_VxHMwyJto-00075-00018918-00019108 this is all possible scenarios this
y_VxHMwyJto-00076-00019109-00019500 might also be all possible time
y_VxHMwyJto-00077-00019501-00019889 and uh when we're actually building uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00078-00019890-00020243 our models uh one possibility and this
y_VxHMwyJto-00079-00020244-00020489 is really the ideal scenario uh is that
y_VxHMwyJto-00080-00020490-00020693 we can observe that entire data Universe
y_VxHMwyJto-00081-00020694-00020975 we build a model uh that explains all of
y_VxHMwyJto-00082-00020976-00021179 those samples and then we're done and
y_VxHMwyJto-00083-00021180-00021461 because we've actually accessed the
y_VxHMwyJto-00084-00021462-00021833 entire data Universe we can ensure that
y_VxHMwyJto-00085-00021834-00022222 any uh future samples that we draw we've
y_VxHMwyJto-00086-00022223-00022367 we've already seen them and we already
y_VxHMwyJto-00087-00022368-00022625 know that the model performs well
y_VxHMwyJto-00088-00022626-00023014 so this is a great concept
y_VxHMwyJto-00089-00023015-00023278 um however it is not terribly practical
y_VxHMwyJto-00090-00023279-00023513 in lots of the scenarios at least the
y_VxHMwyJto-00091-00023514-00023675 interesting scenarios that were that
y_VxHMwyJto-00092-00023676-00023843 we're working in
y_VxHMwyJto-00093-00023844-00024107 um so typically it's just not feasible
y_VxHMwyJto-00094-00024108-00024467 to sample the entire uh universe and
y_VxHMwyJto-00095-00024468-00024622 even if we could sample the entire
y_VxHMwyJto-00096-00024623-00024844 universe uh depending upon the learning
y_VxHMwyJto-00097-00024845-00025019 algorithm that we're using it may not be
y_VxHMwyJto-00098-00025020-00025283 computationally feasible to make use of
y_VxHMwyJto-00099-00025284-00025733 uh that size of data set
y_VxHMwyJto-00100-00025733-00026177 so a second approach is that we don't
y_VxHMwyJto-00101-00026177-00026489 try to access the entire universe but
y_VxHMwyJto-00102-00026489-00026920 instead we sample a subset for our
y_VxHMwyJto-00103-00026922-00027179 training purposes so that's indicated
y_VxHMwyJto-00104-00027180-00027568 here about the green box
y_VxHMwyJto-00105-00027569-00028123 we can also access a separate data set
y_VxHMwyJto-00106-00028124-00028439 that is independently statistically from
y_VxHMwyJto-00107-00028439-00028846 this this training term that as the test
y_VxHMwyJto-00108-00028847-00029117 set and once we've constructed a model
y_VxHMwyJto-00109-00029118-00029446 based on that training set we can then
y_VxHMwyJto-00110-00029447-00029633 present the model with this independent
y_VxHMwyJto-00111-00029633-00029917 data set and ask what the performance is
y_VxHMwyJto-00112-00029918-00030185 with respect to that model
y_VxHMwyJto-00113-00030186-00030358 there are lots of different learning
y_VxHMwyJto-00114-00030360-00030568 algorithms out there many are
y_VxHMwyJto-00115-00030569-00030755 incremental in nature so the gradient
y_VxHMwyJto-00116-00030756-00031031 descent kinds of algorithms that we use
y_VxHMwyJto-00117-00031032-00031324 that are necessary for our non-linear
y_VxHMwyJto-00118-00031325-00031546 models that that we Implement for
y_VxHMwyJto-00119-00031547-00032074 example uh and uh really the the ideal
y_VxHMwyJto-00120-00032075-00032387 type of uh performance that we might see
y_VxHMwyJto-00121-00032388-00032699 out of a training Set uh looks like this
y_VxHMwyJto-00122-00032700-00033101 so uh initially when before we've
y_VxHMwyJto-00123-00033102-00033305 started actually applying the the
y_VxHMwyJto-00124-00033306-00033545 learning algorithm uh our performance
y_VxHMwyJto-00125-00033546-00033785 error or prediction error on that
y_VxHMwyJto-00126-00033786-00034018 training data might be very high and
y_VxHMwyJto-00127-00034019-00034433 over time that uh the our performance
y_VxHMwyJto-00128-00034434-00034811 improves uh such that we asymptote to
y_VxHMwyJto-00129-00034812-00035159 some low-level error here
y_VxHMwyJto-00130-00035160-00035345 uh it's
y_VxHMwyJto-00131-00035346-00035621 uh so if we're doing true gradient
y_VxHMwyJto-00132-00035622-00035837 descents we would expect this type this
y_VxHMwyJto-00133-00035838-00036083 blue curve to to happen
y_VxHMwyJto-00134-00036084-00036359 ideally uh with this independent data
y_VxHMwyJto-00135-00036360-00036755 set uh we which is in Orange here uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00136-00036756-00036911 that also follows the same sort of
y_VxHMwyJto-00137-00036912-00037229 pattern where uh performance uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00138-00037230-00037409 prediction error might start out a bit
y_VxHMwyJto-00139-00037410-00037618 high this is It's lower than the blue
y_VxHMwyJto-00140-00037619-00037889 curve because it's after our first step
y_VxHMwyJto-00141-00037890-00038302 of training uh but uh over time that
y_VxHMwyJto-00142-00038303-00038579 independent data set performance also uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00143-00038580-00038909 starts to to drop and and it asymptotes
y_VxHMwyJto-00144-00038910-00039101 at about the same level as as our
y_VxHMwyJto-00145-00039102-00039239 training step
y_VxHMwyJto-00146-00039240-00039551 so this is the ideal scenario typically
y_VxHMwyJto-00147-00039552-00039929 we're very far from this ideal
y_VxHMwyJto-00148-00039930-00040127 and and let me show you a little bit
y_VxHMwyJto-00149-00040128-00040445 more uh realistic type of uh scenario
y_VxHMwyJto-00150-00040446-00040667 here so unfortunately the colors changed
y_VxHMwyJto-00151-00040668-00040817 in this figure I apologize for that
y_VxHMwyJto-00152-00040818-00041087 training data now here is this lower
y_VxHMwyJto-00153-00041088-00041461 curve in in red this independent data
y_VxHMwyJto-00154-00041462-00041899 are uh are shown in uh in green here
y_VxHMwyJto-00155-00041900-00042161 and typically what happens is
y_VxHMwyJto-00156-00042162-00042461 performance uh with respect to error
y_VxHMwyJto-00157-00042462-00042755 here drops uh in both cases for a while
y_VxHMwyJto-00158-00042756-00042965 and then at some point they begin to
y_VxHMwyJto-00159-00042966-00043390 separate from from one another and uh as
y_VxHMwyJto-00160-00043391-00043555 we continue to train
y_VxHMwyJto-00161-00043556-00043793 training performance again since we're
y_VxHMwyJto-00162-00043794-00043973 doing gradient with respect to the
y_VxHMwyJto-00163-00043974-00044255 training Set uh continues to drop and
y_VxHMwyJto-00164-00044256-00044530 ultimately asymptotes to some level uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00165-00044531-00045011 but at at this far right hand side we're
y_VxHMwyJto-00166-00045012-00045262 actually starting to
y_VxHMwyJto-00167-00045263-00045593 the model is starting to uh really
y_VxHMwyJto-00168-00045594-00046090 capture the the odd uh peculiarities of
y_VxHMwyJto-00169-00046091-00046415 the uh of its training of the training
y_VxHMwyJto-00170-00046416-00046690 data set and at that point our ability
y_VxHMwyJto-00171-00046691-00047093 to interpolate or even extrapolate uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00172-00047094-00047345 solutions for this independent data set
y_VxHMwyJto-00173-00047346-00047711 begin to uh to wane and and so
y_VxHMwyJto-00174-00047712-00047945 performance on the this independent data
y_VxHMwyJto-00175-00047946-00048245 set uh continues to go up here
y_VxHMwyJto-00176-00048246-00048385 so there's
y_VxHMwyJto-00177-00048386-00048907 really a uh so so there's a period where
y_VxHMwyJto-00178-00048908-00049162 performance isn't very good but but the
y_VxHMwyJto-00179-00049163-00049330 two are tracking and then there's a
y_VxHMwyJto-00180-00049331-00049511 period where they begin to separate and
y_VxHMwyJto-00181-00049512-00049861 and in fact uh we hit a minimum in this
y_VxHMwyJto-00182-00049862-00050189 uh somewhere in this region here so this
y_VxHMwyJto-00183-00050190-00050452 is the ideal place for us to actually
y_VxHMwyJto-00184-00050453-00050740 stop the the training process
y_VxHMwyJto-00185-00050741-00051101 and not to actually continue to go uh uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00186-00051102-00051425 back upwards following that green curve
y_VxHMwyJto-00187-00051426-00051876 foreign
y_VxHMwyJto-00188-00051877-00052157 that we talk about here and this is very
y_VxHMwyJto-00189-00052158-00052313 much the case in the Deep learning side
y_VxHMwyJto-00190-00052314-00052426 of things
y_VxHMwyJto-00191-00052427-00052823 uh will actually have a mechanism for
y_VxHMwyJto-00192-00052824-00053099 detecting when performance with respect
y_VxHMwyJto-00193-00053100-00053416 to Independent data set begins to creep
y_VxHMwyJto-00194-00053417-00053765 uh upwards uh error begins to creep
y_VxHMwyJto-00195-00053766-00054142 upwards and will actually terminate the
y_VxHMwyJto-00196-00054144-00054299 the training processes that we're left
y_VxHMwyJto-00197-00054300-00054575 with a solution within this range here
y_VxHMwyJto-00198-00054576-00054792 a little bit of extra terminology here
y_VxHMwyJto-00199-00054794-00055121 uh this left hand side region here this
y_VxHMwyJto-00200-00055122-00055282 is referred to as under fitting where
y_VxHMwyJto-00201-00055283-00055553 the the model really hasn't
y_VxHMwyJto-00202-00055554-00055876 hasn't really started to capture the the
y_VxHMwyJto-00203-00055877-00056309 the shape of the the data and on the
y_VxHMwyJto-00204-00056310-00056579 right hand side we've we've now started
y_VxHMwyJto-00205-00056579-00056987 to to focus on the the strangenesses of
y_VxHMwyJto-00206-00056988-00057371 this specific training set and uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00207-00057372-00057707 started to drift away from the uh the
y_VxHMwyJto-00208-00057708-00057887 the statistics of the the rest of the
y_VxHMwyJto-00209-00057888-00058079 universe
y_VxHMwyJto-00210-00058079-00058385 okay so so this is one of those kinds of
y_VxHMwyJto-00211-00058386-00058697 problems that we uh actually want to be
y_VxHMwyJto-00212-00058698-00059111 able to solve uh using an independent
y_VxHMwyJto-00213-00059112-00059332 and we can use an independent data set
y_VxHMwyJto-00214-00059333-00059800 to to uh detect this
y_VxHMwyJto-00215-00059801-00060059 okay so how do we go about combating
y_VxHMwyJto-00216-00060060-00060280 this overfitting uh there are actually a
y_VxHMwyJto-00217-00060282-00060388 whole variety of different techniques
y_VxHMwyJto-00218-00060389-00060694 we've talked about one already uh so one
y_VxHMwyJto-00219-00060695-00060904 is that we can increase our training set
y_VxHMwyJto-00220-00060905-00061144 size and in doing so hopefully we're
y_VxHMwyJto-00221-00061145-00061480 capturing the better the true statistics
y_VxHMwyJto-00222-00061482-00061732 of the the training the the full
y_VxHMwyJto-00223-00061733-00061926 Universe of data
y_VxHMwyJto-00224-00061927-00062225 we can also reduce the complexity of the
y_VxHMwyJto-00225-00062226-00062435 models that we're learning so we'll
y_VxHMwyJto-00226-00062436-00062632 reduce the we change the structure such
y_VxHMwyJto-00227-00062633-00063061 the number of parameters is reduced
y_VxHMwyJto-00228-00063062-00063437 we can also begin to add to our cost
y_VxHMwyJto-00229-00063438-00063749 functions or our error functions terms
y_VxHMwyJto-00230-00063750-00064091 that try to force in an algorithmic way
y_VxHMwyJto-00231-00064091-00064444 simpler models so so we can add some
y_VxHMwyJto-00232-00064445-00064726 form of uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00233-00064727-00065129 uh we can add some term such as L2
y_VxHMwyJto-00234-00065129-00065435 regularization or L1 regularization that
y_VxHMwyJto-00235-00065436-00065705 tries to reduce the magnitudes of either
y_VxHMwyJto-00236-00065706-00065975 the square or or the the absolute value
y_VxHMwyJto-00237-00065976-00066317 of all the parameters in the uh in the
y_VxHMwyJto-00238-00066318-00066409 model
y_VxHMwyJto-00239-00066410-00066743 or there are also some some implicit
y_VxHMwyJto-00240-00066744-00066947 mechanisms in the Deep learning world uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00241-00066948-00067193 Dropout is is one of those mechanisms
y_VxHMwyJto-00242-00067194-00067493 where we randomly reduce the the
y_VxHMwyJto-00243-00067494-00067663 complexity of a model
y_VxHMwyJto-00244-00067664-00068015 at each of our epochs and then we
y_VxHMwyJto-00245-00068016-00068188 restore the complexity and then reduce
y_VxHMwyJto-00246-00068189-00068497 it again and and that has a tendency to
y_VxHMwyJto-00247-00068498-00068956 also implicitly do regularization for us
y_VxHMwyJto-00248-00068957-00069209 and then what we talked about a moment
y_VxHMwyJto-00249-00069210-00069400 ago was a technique called early
y_VxHMwyJto-00250-00069401-00069593 stopping where we use that independent
y_VxHMwyJto-00251-00069594-00069703 data set
y_VxHMwyJto-00252-00069704-00070073 to detect when we begin to overfit and
y_VxHMwyJto-00253-00070074-00070282 then we can halt the Grady descent
y_VxHMwyJto-00254-00070283-00071038 process at that point in time
y_VxHMwyJto-00255-00071039-00071467 so uh a few other points here
y_VxHMwyJto-00256-00071468-00071765 when we build our models this is
y_VxHMwyJto-00257-00071766-00072041 fundamentally a stochastic process so
y_VxHMwyJto-00258-00072042-00072335 just sampling from the universe of
y_VxHMwyJto-00259-00072336-00072713 possible data that is that it in and of
y_VxHMwyJto-00260-00072714-00072953 itself is a sampling process and a lot
y_VxHMwyJto-00261-00072954-00073091 of the learning algorithms that we use
y_VxHMwyJto-00262-00073092-00073349 also have some sort of a stochastic
y_VxHMwyJto-00263-00073350-00073625 element to them so for a lot of our
y_VxHMwyJto-00264-00073626-00073985 methods the we randomly pick initial set
y_VxHMwyJto-00265-00073986-00074285 of an initial set of parameters uh from
y_VxHMwyJto-00266-00074286-00074621 some sort of a distribution uh We've
y_VxHMwyJto-00267-00074622-00074806 also talked about different kinds of
y_VxHMwyJto-00268-00074807-00075071 gradient approaches where we don't use
y_VxHMwyJto-00269-00075072-00075347 our entire training set but we'll select
y_VxHMwyJto-00270-00075348-00075635 random subsets of the training set to
y_VxHMwyJto-00271-00075636-00075876 take a gradient descent step
y_VxHMwyJto-00272-00075877-00076294 uh or uh in the case of decision trees
y_VxHMwyJto-00273-00076295-00076600 we might take a random sampling of the
y_VxHMwyJto-00274-00076601-00076750 possible question types rather than
y_VxHMwyJto-00275-00076751-00077065 looking at all possible questions
y_VxHMwyJto-00276-00077066-00077256 so
y_VxHMwyJto-00277-00077257-00077591 for any of these reasons uh building a
y_VxHMwyJto-00278-00077592-00077926 model is uh is a stochastic process and
y_VxHMwyJto-00279-00077927-00078256 we have to actually treat it as such so
y_VxHMwyJto-00280-00078257-00078425 what this means is when we build a model
y_VxHMwyJto-00281-00078426-00078671 and then measure performance
y_VxHMwyJto-00282-00078672-00079012 yeah we are uh we're actually sampling
y_VxHMwyJto-00283-00079013-00079361 from a random variable of performance
y_VxHMwyJto-00284-00079362-00079847 metrics so so we actually uh we can't
y_VxHMwyJto-00285-00079848-00080141 actually uh do that process once build
y_VxHMwyJto-00286-00080142-00080423 the model measure performance that
y_VxHMwyJto-00287-00080424-00080650 single observation from this random
y_VxHMwyJto-00288-00080651-00080891 variable isn't sufficient to actually
y_VxHMwyJto-00289-00080892-00081167 conclude much about how this model is
y_VxHMwyJto-00290-00081168-00081437 going to perform in the future or how
y_VxHMwyJto-00291-00081438-00081737 it's going to perform relative to other
y_VxHMwyJto-00292-00081738-00081935 kinds of models
y_VxHMwyJto-00293-00081936-00082205 uh so so the answer to this from the
y_VxHMwyJto-00294-00082206-00082469 statistics world is let's let's uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00295-00082470-00082805 sample multiple times from these uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00296-00082806-00082967 random variables and once we have a
y_VxHMwyJto-00297-00082968-00083212 population of samples then we can begin
y_VxHMwyJto-00298-00083213-00083441 to compare those distributions and this
y_VxHMwyJto-00299-00083442-00083662 is where our hypothesis testing tools
y_VxHMwyJto-00300-00083663-00083812 come into play
y_VxHMwyJto-00301-00083813-00084299 so here's a picture of uh yet a thorough
y_VxHMwyJto-00302-00084300-00084593 approach and uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00303-00084594-00084899 I'm putting a name to this now and we'll
y_VxHMwyJto-00304-00084900-00085097 nail that down a little bit more here in
y_VxHMwyJto-00305-00085098-00085253 a in a minute
y_VxHMwyJto-00306-00085254-00085553 um so what we're doing now is instead of
y_VxHMwyJto-00307-00085554-00085829 sampling a single training set test set
y_VxHMwyJto-00308-00085830-00086069 pair we're actually sampling n of these
y_VxHMwyJto-00309-00086070-00086465 so calling them 0 through n minus one
y_VxHMwyJto-00310-00086466-00086843 so we use this training set right here
y_VxHMwyJto-00311-00086844-00087191 to construct model zero and then we can
y_VxHMwyJto-00312-00087192-00087400 measure the performance of that model
y_VxHMwyJto-00313-00087401-00087629 with respect to this test set over here
y_VxHMwyJto-00314-00087630-00087899 and that gives us performance uh measure
y_VxHMwyJto-00315-00087900-00088217 zero
y_VxHMwyJto-00316-00088218-00088475 and then that process is repeated we we
y_VxHMwyJto-00317-00088476-00088729 have a another model that we build
y_VxHMwyJto-00318-00088730-00089050 within statistically independent data
y_VxHMwyJto-00319-00089051-00089338 set so that gives that gives us M1 and
y_VxHMwyJto-00320-00089339-00089476 then we can measure its pawns with
y_VxHMwyJto-00321-00089477-00089662 respect to another data set that's
y_VxHMwyJto-00322-00089663-00089873 statistically independent of everything
y_VxHMwyJto-00323-00089874-00090076 else that we've we've done so far and
y_VxHMwyJto-00324-00090077-00090394 that gives us a P1 and on down the line
y_VxHMwyJto-00325-00090395-00090767 so in the end we end up constructing in
y_VxHMwyJto-00326-00090768-00090965 different models and we have in
y_VxHMwyJto-00327-00090966-00091205 different performance measures
y_VxHMwyJto-00328-00091206-00091462 foreign
y_VxHMwyJto-00329-00091463-00091753 so when we do things in this way
y_VxHMwyJto-00330-00091754-00092038 assuming that our sampling procedures
y_VxHMwyJto-00331-00092039-00092155 are
y_VxHMwyJto-00332-00092156-00092650 really IID then uh then our performance
y_VxHMwyJto-00333-00092651-00092812 measures are also statistically
y_VxHMwyJto-00334-00092813-00093262 independent of one another uh and uh and
y_VxHMwyJto-00335-00093263-00093641 so this gives us an IID set of samples
y_VxHMwyJto-00336-00093642-00094006 for for a distribution uh and with that
y_VxHMwyJto-00337-00094007-00094199 we can start to use our statistical
y_VxHMwyJto-00338-00094200-00094397 tools to answer a variety of questions
y_VxHMwyJto-00339-00094398-00094781 so did we learn anything uh or how does
y_VxHMwyJto-00340-00094782-00095125 this particular model type that we've
y_VxHMwyJto-00341-00095126-00095368 constructed how does that compare with
y_VxHMwyJto-00342-00095369-00095753 other model types
y_VxHMwyJto-00343-00095754-00096091 uh if if we happen to
y_VxHMwyJto-00344-00096092-00096394 have constructed two different model
y_VxHMwyJto-00345-00096395-00096635 types using the same pairs of training
y_VxHMwyJto-00346-00096636-00097073 and evaluation uh sets then we can
y_VxHMwyJto-00347-00097074-00097499 actually in uh make use of that fact to
y_VxHMwyJto-00348-00097500-00097793 build uh paired statistical tests uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00349-00097794-00098123 otherwise we we can make use of uh two
y_VxHMwyJto-00350-00098124-00098405 sample types of tests uh and and a
y_VxHMwyJto-00351-00098406-00098681 reasonable type of an approach here is
y_VxHMwyJto-00352-00098682-00099155 to uh is to use a student T Test to do
y_VxHMwyJto-00353-00099156-00099293 the comparison between our different
y_VxHMwyJto-00354-00099294-00099575 models
y_VxHMwyJto-00355-00099576-00099899 um in particular that's a a statistical
y_VxHMwyJto-00356-00099900-00100073 test about the means of the distribution
y_VxHMwyJto-00357-00100074-00100391 so what's the mean error provided by
y_VxHMwyJto-00358-00100392-00100612 this model type and what's the meaning
y_VxHMwyJto-00359-00100613-00100811 error provided by this model type right
y_VxHMwyJto-00360-00100812-00101111 this third approach has a number of uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00361-00101112-00101549 different challenges uh and uh the first
y_VxHMwyJto-00362-00101550-00101806 observation here is that each of our
y_VxHMwyJto-00363-00101807-00102029 model types these are not monolithic
y_VxHMwyJto-00364-00102030-00102226 choices we just don't choose a model
y_VxHMwyJto-00365-00102227-00102568 type and we go and we're done but many
y_VxHMwyJto-00366-00102569-00102803 of the model types that we are making
y_VxHMwyJto-00367-00102804-00103115 use of have a different hyper parameter
y_VxHMwyJto-00368-00103116-00103336 choices that have to be made we might be
y_VxHMwyJto-00369-00103338-00103618 introducing L2 regularization for a
y_VxHMwyJto-00370-00103619-00103990 regression problem or we might have a a
y_VxHMwyJto-00371-00103991-00104213 parameter that affects the complexity of
y_VxHMwyJto-00372-00104214-00104477 a node Leaf node in a decision tree
y_VxHMwyJto-00373-00104478-00104651 these are all hyper parameters that have
y_VxHMwyJto-00374-00104652-00104903 to be chosen ahead of time for the
y_VxHMwyJto-00375-00104904-00105163 learning progresses
y_VxHMwyJto-00376-00105164-00105484 uh and before we can compare model type
y_VxHMwyJto-00377-00105485-00105821 A to model type B we have to hone in on
y_VxHMwyJto-00378-00105822-00106066 what those choices are for the hyper
y_VxHMwyJto-00379-00106067-00106331 parameters for each of those models so
y_VxHMwyJto-00380-00106332-00106469 the question is how do we actually make
y_VxHMwyJto-00381-00106470-00106757 the this Choice uh the first observation
y_VxHMwyJto-00382-00106758-00107051 is the hyper parameters really can
y_VxHMwyJto-00383-00107052-00107452 dramatically affect how a model uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00384-00107453-00107758 overfits or does not overfit the the
y_VxHMwyJto-00385-00107759-00108028 data and this is something we can't
y_VxHMwyJto-00386-00108029-00108460 actually uh detect therefore using our
y_VxHMwyJto-00387-00108461-00108754 training data set so we really have to
y_VxHMwyJto-00388-00108755-00108958 have an independent data set in order to
y_VxHMwyJto-00389-00108959-00109201 detect these kinds of scenarios
y_VxHMwyJto-00390-00109202-00109504 however if we make use of this test data
y_VxHMwyJto-00391-00109505-00109763 set that we've been talking about then
y_VxHMwyJto-00392-00109764-00110086 we run the risk of really overfitting
y_VxHMwyJto-00393-00110088-00110375 our hyper parameter choices to this data
y_VxHMwyJto-00394-00110376-00110560 set and and in some sense what's
y_VxHMwyJto-00395-00110561-00110819 happened now is that this test data set
y_VxHMwyJto-00396-00110820-00111175 is here working its way into
y_VxHMwyJto-00397-00111176-00111484 the training procedure because it's
y_VxHMwyJto-00398-00111485-00111857 we're using it to actually make choices
y_VxHMwyJto-00399-00111858-00112084 about the models and and so this really
y_VxHMwyJto-00400-00112085-00112325 taints the test data set and meaning
y_VxHMwyJto-00401-00112326-00112584 that we really can't trust performance
y_VxHMwyJto-00402-00112585-00112901 uh with respect to the the test data set
y_VxHMwyJto-00403-00112902-00113195 for the next step which is the formal
y_VxHMwyJto-00404-00113196-00113399 comparison from between Model A and
y_VxHMwyJto-00405-00113400-00113645 model B so we have to be able to solve
y_VxHMwyJto-00406-00113646-00113902 this type of a problem
y_VxHMwyJto-00407-00113903-00114449 right so this takes us to uh a another
y_VxHMwyJto-00408-00114450-00114695 set of definitions here
y_VxHMwyJto-00409-00114696-00115151 um uh so uh training sets uh so we're
y_VxHMwyJto-00410-00115152-00115397 imagining different kinds of data sets
y_VxHMwyJto-00411-00115398-00115763 here uh and ideally these are all
y_VxHMwyJto-00412-00115764-00115973 statistically uh independent of one
y_VxHMwyJto-00413-00115974-00116327 another so training set we're using that
y_VxHMwyJto-00414-00116328-00116507 with the learning algorithm to make
y_VxHMwyJto-00415-00116508-00116747 choices about parameters the validation
y_VxHMwyJto-00416-00116748-00117101 set we're going to use to make choices
y_VxHMwyJto-00417-00117102-00117328 such as where do we stop training if
y_VxHMwyJto-00418-00117329-00117490 we're doing a gradient descent kind of
y_VxHMwyJto-00419-00117491-00117754 an approach and we're also going to use
y_VxHMwyJto-00420-00117755-00118163 its performance to make hyper parameter
y_VxHMwyJto-00421-00118164-00118378 choices and and then we're going to
y_VxHMwyJto-00422-00118379-00118678 reserve a a separate test set for
y_VxHMwyJto-00423-00118679-00118852 actually either reporting the
y_VxHMwyJto-00424-00118853-00119140 performance of our models uh or if we
y_VxHMwyJto-00425-00119141-00119428 are comparing Model A to model B then we
y_VxHMwyJto-00426-00119429-00119693 can use the test performance to to give
y_VxHMwyJto-00427-00119694-00119910 you those comparisons
y_VxHMwyJto-00428-00119911-00120425 so here's uh yet another uh approach uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00429-00120426-00120731 where we've sampled now n times three
y_VxHMwyJto-00430-00120732-00121060 different data sets from the universe of
y_VxHMwyJto-00431-00121061-00121578 data so for model zero what we do is we
y_VxHMwyJto-00432-00121579-00121925 use the training set to train up the
y_VxHMwyJto-00433-00121926-00122269 parameters in model zero and then we can
y_VxHMwyJto-00434-00122270-00122483 measure the performance with respect to
y_VxHMwyJto-00435-00122483-00122777 a validation set and this independent
y_VxHMwyJto-00436-00122778-00123023 test set that gives us two different
y_VxHMwyJto-00437-00123024-00123340 metrics it'd be zero and a te zero and
y_VxHMwyJto-00438-00123341-00123634 then for model one that's trained up
y_VxHMwyJto-00439-00123635-00123899 with a separate training set and and
y_VxHMwyJto-00440-00123900-00124049 then evaluated with respect to
y_VxHMwyJto-00441-00124050-00124307 validation but separate validation theft
y_VxHMwyJto-00442-00124308-00124649 and test set so that gives us V1 and te1
y_VxHMwyJto-00443-00124650-00125028 Etc so in the end we have really two in
y_VxHMwyJto-00444-00125029-00125339 performance metrics n for validation
y_VxHMwyJto-00445-00125340-00125777 data and and for test data
y_VxHMwyJto-00446-00125778-00126149 so there's some specifics here uh we can
y_VxHMwyJto-00447-00126150-00126545 use the performance metric uh for the
y_VxHMwyJto-00448-00126546-00126977 ith model uh use the the validation
y_VxHMwyJto-00449-00126978-00127193 performance uh to make a choice about
y_VxHMwyJto-00450-00127194-00127408 when we end the training process so
y_VxHMwyJto-00451-00127409-00127631 that's that early stopping idea
y_VxHMwyJto-00452-00127632-00127973 and then we can also compute the average
y_VxHMwyJto-00453-00127974-00128399 over all of the bis to uh to talk about
y_VxHMwyJto-00454-00128400-00128657 the performance of a given hyper
y_VxHMwyJto-00455-00128658-00128760 parameter
y_VxHMwyJto-00456-00128761-00128940 choice
y_VxHMwyJto-00457-00128941-00129358 and uh and then use that to compare to
y_VxHMwyJto-00458-00129359-00129708 other hyper parameter choices
y_VxHMwyJto-00459-00129709-00130186 once we have made a choice as to what
y_VxHMwyJto-00460-00130188-00130445 the idea of hyper parameters are for
y_VxHMwyJto-00461-00130446-00130793 this model type then we can look at and
y_VxHMwyJto-00462-00130794-00131069 use our test performance for a final
y_VxHMwyJto-00463-00131070-00131261 evaluation in comparison between the
y_VxHMwyJto-00464-00131262-00131531 models so that is this Bake Off type of
y_VxHMwyJto-00465-00131532-00131939 scenario
y_VxHMwyJto-00466-00131940-00132169 all right so
y_VxHMwyJto-00467-00132170-00132437 uh there are a few challenges with this
y_VxHMwyJto-00468-00132438-00132695 uh up to this point we've really made
y_VxHMwyJto-00469-00132696-00132923 this assumption that we can just sample
y_VxHMwyJto-00470-00132924-00133049 from the data Universe pretty
y_VxHMwyJto-00471-00133050-00133271 arbitrarily and it doesn't really cost
y_VxHMwyJto-00472-00133272-00133597 us much it's easy to do but in practice
y_VxHMwyJto-00473-00133598-00133889 we are really limited in our ability to
y_VxHMwyJto-00474-00133890-00134297 collect uh or or label data sometimes
y_VxHMwyJto-00475-00134298-00134452 it's really easy to collect data but
y_VxHMwyJto-00476-00134453-00134723 actually to have reliable labels for our
y_VxHMwyJto-00477-00134724-00135131 different examples uh that that can be
y_VxHMwyJto-00478-00135132-00135340 problematic so by labeling I mean here
y_VxHMwyJto-00479-00135341-00135707 our desired output for our models for
y_VxHMwyJto-00480-00135708-00135940 for each of the examples
y_VxHMwyJto-00481-00135941-00136063 foreign
y_VxHMwyJto-00482-00136064-00136540 however given these limitations we still
y_VxHMwyJto-00483-00136541-00137002 want to have a sound way of making hyper
y_VxHMwyJto-00484-00137003-00137237 parameter choices and for comparing our
y_VxHMwyJto-00485-00137238-00137489 models and and along the way we'd also
y_VxHMwyJto-00486-00137490-00137813 like to have an algorithm for uh really
y_VxHMwyJto-00487-00137814-00138061 looking at the sensitivity of the model
y_VxHMwyJto-00488-00138062-00138340 with respect to the the size of the
y_VxHMwyJto-00489-00138341-00138666 training set
y_VxHMwyJto-00490-00138667-00138971 all right so that's another approach
y_VxHMwyJto-00491-00138972-00139307 this is number five is uh something that
y_VxHMwyJto-00492-00139308-00139523 the current the community right now
y_VxHMwyJto-00493-00139524-00139781 calls info cross validation
y_VxHMwyJto-00494-00139782-00140278 uh and and the idea is that we sample
y_VxHMwyJto-00495-00140279-00140537 really two different data sets uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00496-00140538-00140789 there's a test set here you'll often see
y_VxHMwyJto-00497-00140790-00141095 this term holdout sect uh and and then
y_VxHMwyJto-00498-00141096-00141454 some hopefully large uh data set that we
y_VxHMwyJto-00499-00141455-00141701 will use for training and validation
y_VxHMwyJto-00500-00141702-00141923 uh and then and then what we're going to
y_VxHMwyJto-00501-00141924-00142211 do is take that green section and cut it
y_VxHMwyJto-00502-00142212-00142414 into in different folds so I have those
y_VxHMwyJto-00503-00142415-00142739 numbered 0 through n minus one here and
y_VxHMwyJto-00504-00142740-00142954 and then we'll use different subsets of
y_VxHMwyJto-00505-00142955-00143225 these folds for training and for
y_VxHMwyJto-00506-00143226-00143489 validation so here's what that process
y_VxHMwyJto-00507-00143490-00143602 looks like
y_VxHMwyJto-00508-00143603-00144040 uh so for model zero uh refer to this as
y_VxHMwyJto-00509-00144041-00144371 rotation zero where uh the training set
y_VxHMwyJto-00510-00144372-00144802 is using folds zero through n minus two
y_VxHMwyJto-00511-00144803-00145152 and then that leaves fold and minus one
y_VxHMwyJto-00512-00145153-00145457 by which we can compute performance for
y_VxHMwyJto-00513-00145458-00145678 the validation set and then on the next
y_VxHMwyJto-00514-00145679-00146039 rotation uh model one uses folds one
y_VxHMwyJto-00515-00146040-00146321 through n minus one and we reserve fold
y_VxHMwyJto-00516-00146322-00146578 zero for validation and on down the line
y_VxHMwyJto-00517-00146579-00146825 in the last case validation is at n
y_VxHMwyJto-00518-00146826-00147149 minus two and then training set is is
y_VxHMwyJto-00519-00147150-00147490 drawn from uh both the the left and
y_VxHMwyJto-00520-00147491-00147802 right hand sides here
y_VxHMwyJto-00521-00147803-00148104 so this this gives us
y_VxHMwyJto-00522-00148105-00148439 indifferent uh validation Set uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00523-00148440-00148631 performance metrics
y_VxHMwyJto-00524-00148632-00148889 um individually each one is uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00525-00148890-00149207 independent of the training data that
y_VxHMwyJto-00526-00149208-00149495 was used for uh creating this particular
y_VxHMwyJto-00527-00149496-00149861 model
y_VxHMwyJto-00528-00149862-00150335 so one so a few specifics here first off
y_VxHMwyJto-00529-00150336-00150816 a given example in the uh Universe of
y_VxHMwyJto-00530-00150817-00150978 data
y_VxHMwyJto-00531-00150979-00151343 occurs in exactly one of our folds and
y_VxHMwyJto-00532-00151344-00151739 what that means is that uh that our
y_VxHMwyJto-00533-00151740-00152052 training and validation
y_VxHMwyJto-00534-00152053-00152704 data sets are independent of one another
y_VxHMwyJto-00535-00152705-00153071 um we can still use the vi uh for for
y_VxHMwyJto-00536-00153072-00153473 the ith model or ice rotation uh to make
y_VxHMwyJto-00537-00153474-00153719 a choice about when we actually complete
y_VxHMwyJto-00538-00153720-00154031 the training process for model I and and
y_VxHMwyJto-00539-00154032-00154204 then we can use the average of the the
y_VxHMwyJto-00540-00154205-00154493 v's to compare our different hyper
y_VxHMwyJto-00541-00154494-00154816 parameter choices
y_VxHMwyJto-00542-00154817-00155243 so so the typical approach is then uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00543-00155244-00155566 compare compute this average VE for each
y_VxHMwyJto-00544-00155567-00155771 of our hyper parameter choices and then
y_VxHMwyJto-00545-00155772-00155999 pick the one that is best and what we
y_VxHMwyJto-00546-00156000-00156413 call that hyper parameter Choice H star
y_VxHMwyJto-00547-00156414-00156928 once we've uh made that step of of
y_VxHMwyJto-00548-00156929-00157211 choosing H star we can then actually
y_VxHMwyJto-00549-00157212-00157475 look at the test set performance so so
y_VxHMwyJto-00550-00157476-00158057 the procedure here uh is is that uh we
y_VxHMwyJto-00551-00158058-00158309 evaluate each of our n models with the
y_VxHMwyJto-00552-00158310-00158657 same test data set and this gives us n
y_VxHMwyJto-00553-00158658-00158933 different metrics so te 0 through t e n
y_VxHMwyJto-00554-00158934-00159226 minus one and then if we're comparing to
y_VxHMwyJto-00555-00159227-00159413 a different model type we can do the
y_VxHMwyJto-00556-00159414-00159666 same thing that same test data set
y_VxHMwyJto-00557-00159667-00160049 yields te 0 Prime out to T N minus 1
y_VxHMwyJto-00558-00160050-00160319 Prime and and that gives us a population
y_VxHMwyJto-00559-00160320-00160540 of of samples
y_VxHMwyJto-00560-00160541-00160787 uh for our two different models and we
y_VxHMwyJto-00561-00160788-00161111 can then uh use hypothesis testing to
y_VxHMwyJto-00562-00161112-00161195 compare these two different
y_VxHMwyJto-00563-00161196-00161440 distributions so this is
y_VxHMwyJto-00564-00161441-00161866 what is very common out in in uh a lot
y_VxHMwyJto-00565-00161867-00162028 of the writing these days and in
y_VxHMwyJto-00566-00162029-00162569 industry
y_VxHMwyJto-00567-00162570-00162852 um if if we're thinking in terms of
y_VxHMwyJto-00568-00162853-00163111 then uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00569-00163112-00163487 uh using this Bake Off to make a
y_VxHMwyJto-00570-00163488-00163799 decision about which model is the best
y_VxHMwyJto-00571-00163800-00163961 and then putting this model into
y_VxHMwyJto-00572-00163962-00164201 production uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00573-00164202-00164561 a very common thing to do is to train a
y_VxHMwyJto-00574-00164562-00164897 final model uh using all of the all n of
y_VxHMwyJto-00575-00164898-00165197 the available folds uh and our chosen
y_VxHMwyJto-00576-00165198-00165407 hyper parameter set and then we can
y_VxHMwyJto-00577-00165408-00165581 evaluate that with respect to our test
y_VxHMwyJto-00578-00165582-00165851 data set report that and then use this
y_VxHMwyJto-00579-00165852-00166061 model in a production type of a scenario
y_VxHMwyJto-00580-00166062-00166283 but often
y_VxHMwyJto-00581-00166284-00166661 in the uh research World We tend not to
y_VxHMwyJto-00582-00166662-00166864 take this last step so we prefer to
y_VxHMwyJto-00583-00166865-00167190 stick with the uh the end different
y_VxHMwyJto-00584-00167191-00167597 performance metrics
y_VxHMwyJto-00585-00167598-00168011 okay so so this is as I'm I've said this
y_VxHMwyJto-00586-00168012-00168221 is the dominant approach that's out
y_VxHMwyJto-00587-00168222-00168581 there today in 2022 so many papers talk
y_VxHMwyJto-00588-00168582-00168719 about this
y_VxHMwyJto-00589-00168720-00168964 huge number of blog posts talk about
y_VxHMwyJto-00590-00168965-00169223 this procedure uh books about machine
y_VxHMwyJto-00591-00169224-00169475 learning especially the popular ones uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00592-00169476-00169697 talk about this type of an approach and
y_VxHMwyJto-00593-00169698-00169949 and in fact these procedures are built
y_VxHMwyJto-00594-00169950-00170135 into our standard toolkits so for
y_VxHMwyJto-00595-00170136-00170411 example scikit-learn has a function
y_VxHMwyJto-00596-00170412-00170621 called cross valve predict that will
y_VxHMwyJto-00597-00170622-00170959 actually execute this procedure for you
y_VxHMwyJto-00598-00170960-00171185 however there's a problem with this
y_VxHMwyJto-00599-00171186-00171307 approach
y_VxHMwyJto-00600-00171308-00171749 and uh and what it comes down to is that
y_VxHMwyJto-00601-00171750-00172109 uh we're using the same test data set to
y_VxHMwyJto-00602-00172110-00172289 compute our performance metrics for all
y_VxHMwyJto-00603-00172290-00172559 n of our models so what this means is
y_VxHMwyJto-00604-00172560-00172949 that our performance measure metrics are
y_VxHMwyJto-00605-00172950-00173201 actually not uh independent of one
y_VxHMwyJto-00606-00173202-00173807 another and and this violates our uh our
y_VxHMwyJto-00607-00173808-00174131 standard assumptions uh for many of our
y_VxHMwyJto-00608-00174132-00174323 hypothesis testing tools so if you're
y_VxHMwyJto-00609-00174324-00174731 trying to use a z-test or a t-test to uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00610-00174732-00175061 to argue for uh the mean of one model
y_VxHMwyJto-00611-00175062-00175240 performance being better than the mean
y_VxHMwyJto-00612-00175241-00175433 of another uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00613-00175434-00175714 we we have to uh at least try to take
y_VxHMwyJto-00614-00175715-00175913 some steps to make sure that those are
y_VxHMwyJto-00615-00175914-00176135 uh independent measures and we've very
y_VxHMwyJto-00616-00176136-00176333 we violated that in a really big way
y_VxHMwyJto-00617-00176334-00176464 here
y_VxHMwyJto-00618-00176465-00176602 um so
y_VxHMwyJto-00619-00176603-00176854 um what I'm advocating is that we
y_VxHMwyJto-00620-00176855-00177190 actually uh deviate from what's actually
y_VxHMwyJto-00621-00177191-00177490 done in uh in the real world
y_VxHMwyJto-00622-00177491-00177659 so there are a variety of different
y_VxHMwyJto-00623-00177660-00177863 choices we're going to explore both of
y_VxHMwyJto-00624-00177864-00178138 these and uh actually in the opposite
y_VxHMwyJto-00625-00178139-00178385 order of what I have listed here so one
y_VxHMwyJto-00626-00178386-00178690 possibility is that we cut our test data
y_VxHMwyJto-00627-00178691-00178978 set uh we don't use the same test data
y_VxHMwyJto-00628-00178979-00179176 set for all n of our models but instead
y_VxHMwyJto-00629-00179177-00179483 we cut it into n independent folds and
y_VxHMwyJto-00630-00179484-00179723 and then use a different fold for each
y_VxHMwyJto-00631-00179724-00179975 one of our end models so
y_VxHMwyJto-00632-00179976-00180311 to so that will help res that'll restore
y_VxHMwyJto-00633-00180312-00180502 independence
y_VxHMwyJto-00634-00180503-00180719 um however uh it does increase the
y_VxHMwyJto-00635-00180720-00180976 variance of our performance metrics and
y_VxHMwyJto-00636-00180977-00181223 uh and this could make it harder to
y_VxHMwyJto-00637-00181224-00181631 detect when we have uh when we have a
y_VxHMwyJto-00638-00181632-00181751 difference between our different model
y_VxHMwyJto-00639-00181752-00182021 and approaches
y_VxHMwyJto-00640-00182022-00182261 uh and it's especially acute when we
y_VxHMwyJto-00641-00182262-00182447 have scenarios we have very small data
y_VxHMwyJto-00642-00182448-00182740 sets uh or we have data sets we have
y_VxHMwyJto-00643-00182741-00183016 very small number of examples of certain
y_VxHMwyJto-00644-00183017-00183419 kinds of uh certain parts of the the
y_VxHMwyJto-00645-00183420-00183678 universe so if I'm doing classification
y_VxHMwyJto-00646-00183679-00184207 and I have uh 100 examples of one type
y_VxHMwyJto-00647-00184208-00184504 of class to one example of another type
y_VxHMwyJto-00648-00184505-00184823 of class or a thousand to one uh type of
y_VxHMwyJto-00649-00184824-00185249 a ratio then that can actually uh lead
y_VxHMwyJto-00650-00185250-00185663 to problems in in these uh with these uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00651-00185664-00185945 smaller test data sets
y_VxHMwyJto-00652-00185946-00186178 uh the other approach which we'll talk
y_VxHMwyJto-00653-00186179-00186545 about next is uh one of actually drawing
y_VxHMwyJto-00654-00186546-00186809 our test data from the original set of
y_VxHMwyJto-00655-00186810-00187295 folds uh that that we constructed so
y_VxHMwyJto-00656-00187296-00187409 um
y_VxHMwyJto-00657-00187410-00187738 so this is what I'm by term holistic
y_VxHMwyJto-00658-00187739-00188038 enfold cross-validation uh so we're
y_VxHMwyJto-00659-00188039-00188338 going to take our entire data set cut it
y_VxHMwyJto-00660-00188339-00188861 into an independent folds and for uh for
y_VxHMwyJto-00661-00188862-00189064 each of our models we're going to use n
y_VxHMwyJto-00662-00189065-00189293 minus two of the folds for training one
y_VxHMwyJto-00663-00189294-00189497 full fold for validation and one fold
y_VxHMwyJto-00664-00189498-00189851 for testing and then we will rotate all
y_VxHMwyJto-00665-00189852-00190114 of those through our end different
y_VxHMwyJto-00666-00190115-00190349 possibilities so so this is what this
y_VxHMwyJto-00667-00190350-00190702 process looks like so for model zero or
y_VxHMwyJto-00668-00190703-00191069 rotation zero we use fold 0 through and
y_VxHMwyJto-00669-00191070-00191404 minus three for the training process
y_VxHMwyJto-00670-00191405-00191843 we use n minus 2 for validation and N
y_VxHMwyJto-00671-00191844-00192011 minus 1 for testing
y_VxHMwyJto-00672-00192012-00192251 once we trained up model zero that
y_VxHMwyJto-00673-00192252-00192493 yields two different performance metrics
y_VxHMwyJto-00674-00192494-00192826 uh validation zero and testing zero
y_VxHMwyJto-00675-00192827-00193109 model one this is just a rotation to the
y_VxHMwyJto-00676-00193110-00193469 right mod n uh so validation set moves
y_VxHMwyJto-00677-00193470-00193751 from n minus two to n minus one test
y_VxHMwyJto-00678-00193752-00193973 moves from n minus one to zero and then
y_VxHMwyJto-00679-00193974-00194207 training is everything uh in between one
y_VxHMwyJto-00680-00194208-00194549 to n minus two that that training set
y_VxHMwyJto-00681-00194550-00194843 gives us model one and and then from
y_VxHMwyJto-00682-00194844-00195131 that we have validation performance one
y_VxHMwyJto-00683-00195132-00195407 and testing performance one
y_VxHMwyJto-00684-00195408-00195731 and then if we keep rotating our final
y_VxHMwyJto-00685-00195732-00195964 model that we build is one that looks
y_VxHMwyJto-00686-00195965-00196109 like this where validation set
y_VxHMwyJto-00687-00196110-00196319 performance is sitting at n minus three
y_VxHMwyJto-00688-00196320-00196697 test right sorry the validation set data
y_VxHMwyJto-00689-00196698-00197128 is n minus three test uh data or fold
y_VxHMwyJto-00690-00197129-00197363 and minus two and then training data or
y_VxHMwyJto-00691-00197364-00197951 n minus 1 and 0 through n minus four
y_VxHMwyJto-00692-00197952-00198257 and that yields uh validation
y_VxHMwyJto-00693-00198258-00198533 performance n minus one and testing
y_VxHMwyJto-00694-00198534-00198790 performance in minus one so again we
y_VxHMwyJto-00695-00198791-00198952 have uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00696-00198953-00199271 we have n measures for our validation
y_VxHMwyJto-00697-00199272-00199540 performance we have n measures for our
y_VxHMwyJto-00698-00199541-00199961 testing performance
y_VxHMwyJto-00699-00199962-00200183 so a few specifics as far as
y_VxHMwyJto-00700-00200184-00200513 implementation goes we can again use
y_VxHMwyJto-00701-00200514-00200926 validation performance uh for the ith
y_VxHMwyJto-00702-00200927-00201263 model uh we can monitor that as training
y_VxHMwyJto-00703-00201264-00201419 progresses in order to make a choice
y_VxHMwyJto-00704-00201420-00201623 about when to stop the training process
y_VxHMwyJto-00705-00201624-00201923 so we're preventing overfitting by early
y_VxHMwyJto-00706-00201924-00202273 stopping and then we can use the average
y_VxHMwyJto-00707-00202274-00202525 over all of the VIS
y_VxHMwyJto-00708-00202526-00203063 to make choices about a particular about
y_VxHMwyJto-00709-00203064-00203350 which of the hyper parameter sets that
y_VxHMwyJto-00710-00203351-00203783 we uh that we want the which one we want
y_VxHMwyJto-00711-00203784-00204161 to use for this model type
y_VxHMwyJto-00712-00204162-00204563 so so we're here in this case we're just
y_VxHMwyJto-00713-00204564-00204749 choosing the one with the best average
y_VxHMwyJto-00714-00204750-00204971 validation performance and we call that
y_VxHMwyJto-00715-00204971-00205205 hyper parameter set H star just as we
y_VxHMwyJto-00716-00205206-00205481 did before
y_VxHMwyJto-00717-00205482-00205846 the way I've talked about things uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00718-00205848-00206158 I'm suggesting that uh we actually
y_VxHMwyJto-00719-00206159-00206494 compute the te 0 to t e n minus 1 along
y_VxHMwyJto-00720-00206496-00206819 the way but it's really important
y_VxHMwyJto-00721-00206819-00207136 uh that these just be cached and nothing
y_VxHMwyJto-00722-00207137-00207394 not the human not an algorithm look at
y_VxHMwyJto-00723-00207396-00207623 these until we've made a choice about H
y_VxHMwyJto-00724-00207623-00207916 star and only after that choice is made
y_VxHMwyJto-00725-00207917-00208229 are you allowed to look at the the test
y_VxHMwyJto-00726-00208230-00208408 set performance for that particular
y_VxHMwyJto-00727-00208409-00208601 hyper parameter choice and not any of
y_VxHMwyJto-00728-00208602-00208979 the others
y_VxHMwyJto-00729-00208980-00209296 okay so evaluation in this case we're
y_VxHMwyJto-00730-00209298-00209512 comparing two different model types
y_VxHMwyJto-00731-00209513-00209813 uh so for model type 1 we identify an H
y_VxHMwyJto-00732-00209814-00210142 star we extract the those cached test
y_VxHMwyJto-00733-00210144-00210413 performance metrics for h-star for model
y_VxHMwyJto-00734-00210414-00210671 type 2 we do the same so an H star Prime
y_VxHMwyJto-00735-00210671-00211163 gives us uh our test performance te 0
y_VxHMwyJto-00736-00211164-00211475 Prime to t e n minus one prime and then
y_VxHMwyJto-00737-00211476-00211781 we can use our hypothesis testing uh to
y_VxHMwyJto-00738-00211782-00211871 compare these two different
y_VxHMwyJto-00739-00211871-00212069 distributions
y_VxHMwyJto-00740-00212069-00212417 and because a given sample in our data
y_VxHMwyJto-00741-00212417-00212741 set only occurs in exactly one of our
y_VxHMwyJto-00742-00212742-00213125 folds we can make a reasonable argument
y_VxHMwyJto-00743-00213126-00213244 that
y_VxHMwyJto-00744-00213246-00213617 uh well it's it's true for one model
y_VxHMwyJto-00745-00213617-00213971 um uh the the model training data are
y_VxHMwyJto-00746-00213971-00214241 independent of the validation data and
y_VxHMwyJto-00747-00214242-00214415 those are independent of the
y_VxHMwyJto-00748-00214416-00214631 uh the test data
y_VxHMwyJto-00749-00214632-00214937 uh so we feel pretty confident about
y_VxHMwyJto-00750-00214938-00215203 that uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00751-00215204-00215603 and uh and hence we feel pretty
y_VxHMwyJto-00752-00215604-00215782 confident about taking this kind of an
y_VxHMwyJto-00753-00215783-00216173 approach where uh where we've then used
y_VxHMwyJto-00754-00216173-00216658 our test uh our test folds uh to uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00755-00216659-00216863 measure the performance of model type 1
y_VxHMwyJto-00756-00216864-00217217 and model type 2. and then using our
y_VxHMwyJto-00757-00217217-00217456 t-test for example to compare those
y_VxHMwyJto-00758-00217457-00217667 distributions okay so there are a few
y_VxHMwyJto-00759-00217667-00217991 caveats there's a technicality in that
y_VxHMwyJto-00760-00217992-00218458 uh the training uh data we're using one
y_VxHMwyJto-00761-00218459-00218675 less fold in in this holistic cross
y_VxHMwyJto-00762-00218676-00218819 validation process then with
y_VxHMwyJto-00763-00218819-00218981 cross-validation
y_VxHMwyJto-00764-00218982-00219432 um but we're actually not
y_VxHMwyJto-00765-00219433-00219671 using a hold out set for testing anymore
y_VxHMwyJto-00766-00219671-00219971 so we probably haven't lost anything in
y_VxHMwyJto-00767-00219971-00220181 that situation
y_VxHMwyJto-00768-00220182-00220403 um either way
y_VxHMwyJto-00769-00220404-00220625 um the the whether we're using
y_VxHMwyJto-00770-00220626-00220792 cross-validation or holistic cross
y_VxHMwyJto-00771-00220794-00221021 validation or training sets overlap a
y_VxHMwyJto-00772-00221021-00221219 lot and hence they are not independent
y_VxHMwyJto-00773-00221219-00221417 of one another so the models themselves
y_VxHMwyJto-00774-00221417-00221675 we cannot argue that they're independent
y_VxHMwyJto-00775-00221676-00221842 of one another
y_VxHMwyJto-00776-00221844-00222269 um so by some stretch one could argue
y_VxHMwyJto-00777-00222269-00222610 that the test performance measures are
y_VxHMwyJto-00778-00222611-00222869 not really in independent of one another
y_VxHMwyJto-00779-00222869-00223115 in practice this is not something that
y_VxHMwyJto-00780-00223116-00223432 we worry too much about one can actually
y_VxHMwyJto-00781-00223433-00223775 there is a a meta procedure that does
y_VxHMwyJto-00782-00223776-00223996 cross validation multiple times with
y_VxHMwyJto-00783-00223998-00224242 different partitionings of the data into
y_VxHMwyJto-00784-00224244-00224591 different folds uh and that process can
y_VxHMwyJto-00785-00224592-00224884 actually uh detect when there are issues
y_VxHMwyJto-00786-00224885-00225155 but in practice we tend not to worry
y_VxHMwyJto-00787-00225156-00225484 about this
y_VxHMwyJto-00788-00225485-00225946 okay uh so so how do we uh use this
y_VxHMwyJto-00789-00225948-00226360 procedure to make uh some statements
y_VxHMwyJto-00790-00226361-00226582 about the sensitivity of our training
y_VxHMwyJto-00791-00226583-00226981 procedure to our training set size uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00792-00226982-00227315 so so this is sort of an idealized kind
y_VxHMwyJto-00793-00227316-00227656 of picture of what uh that sensitivity
y_VxHMwyJto-00794-00227657-00228010 might look like uh so we have uh our
y_VxHMwyJto-00795-00228011-00228425 training set error as is in blue here uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00796-00228426-00228682 as a function of the the size of the
y_VxHMwyJto-00797-00228683-00228946 data set so for very small uh data sets
y_VxHMwyJto-00798-00228948-00229163 it's very easy to to model the data with
y_VxHMwyJto-00799-00229164-00229421 whatever model we have and so error
y_VxHMwyJto-00800-00229421-00229679 tends to be very low and as we add more
y_VxHMwyJto-00801-00229680-00230153 data we're adding more complexity uh to
y_VxHMwyJto-00802-00230154-00230327 the set of points that we're trying to
y_VxHMwyJto-00803-00230328-00230525 fit and and so
y_VxHMwyJto-00804-00230526-00230782 tend to have error coming up as we
y_VxHMwyJto-00805-00230783-00231082 increase the training set size however
y_VxHMwyJto-00806-00231083-00231455 it does asymptote at some point
y_VxHMwyJto-00807-00231456-00231755 with a independent data set a validation
y_VxHMwyJto-00808-00231756-00232144 data set specifically uh the the we
y_VxHMwyJto-00809-00232146-00232546 actually uh the the curve is opposite in
y_VxHMwyJto-00810-00232548-00232932 some sense so with a tiny training Set
y_VxHMwyJto-00811-00232933-00233237 uh but it's very easy for the model to
y_VxHMwyJto-00812-00233238-00233405 capture all of the details of that
y_VxHMwyJto-00813-00233406-00233608 training data but when we ask it to
y_VxHMwyJto-00814-00233609-00233944 interpolate or extrapolate to other
y_VxHMwyJto-00815-00233946-00234239 situations it performs very poorly so
y_VxHMwyJto-00816-00234240-00234467 it's not uncommon to have a very high
y_VxHMwyJto-00817-00234467-00234791 validation error in that situation and
y_VxHMwyJto-00818-00234792-00235115 then as we add more data to the training
y_VxHMwyJto-00819-00235116-00235246 process
y_VxHMwyJto-00820-00235248-00235546 what happens is that the the learn model
y_VxHMwyJto-00821-00235548-00235877 starts to better reflect the statistics
y_VxHMwyJto-00822-00235878-00236284 of the entire universe of of data and
y_VxHMwyJto-00823-00236285-00236482 that means that our models tend to
y_VxHMwyJto-00824-00236483-00236741 perform better when we draw another
y_VxHMwyJto-00825-00236742-00237119 sample from the universe of of uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00826-00237119-00237481 possible samples and so uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00827-00237482-00237821 ideally if one were to do the experiment
y_VxHMwyJto-00828-00237821-00238187 of train of a model uh with a variety of
y_VxHMwyJto-00829-00238188-00238456 different training set sizes ideally
y_VxHMwyJto-00830-00238457-00238673 these two curves actually will asymptote
y_VxHMwyJto-00831-00238673-00239015 together at some point in time if they
y_VxHMwyJto-00832-00239016-00239237 do not if you find yourself in say this
y_VxHMwyJto-00833-00239238-00239605 situation here where you have the the
y_VxHMwyJto-00834-00239606-00239860 you're using all of your available data
y_VxHMwyJto-00835-00239861-00240065 to train up a model and your validation
y_VxHMwyJto-00836-00240066-00240419 performance is is very poor as compared
y_VxHMwyJto-00837-00240419-00240623 to your training performance and that is
y_VxHMwyJto-00838-00240623-00240779 a good indication that you're
y_VxHMwyJto-00839-00240780-00240989 dramatically overfitting your data and
y_VxHMwyJto-00840-00240990-00241175 it's it's only when those two curves
y_VxHMwyJto-00841-00241176-00241325 come together
y_VxHMwyJto-00842-00241326-00241655 do we feel confident that these models
y_VxHMwyJto-00843-00241656-00241871 are properly generalizing to this other
y_VxHMwyJto-00844-00241871-00242146 data set
y_VxHMwyJto-00845-00242148-00242410 so we want to understand what's
y_VxHMwyJto-00846-00242411-00242710 happening uh with our particular model
y_VxHMwyJto-00847-00242711-00243131 type as the training set size changes uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00848-00243132-00243310 and as a function of that we might
y_VxHMwyJto-00849-00243311-00243467 actually make different choices about
y_VxHMwyJto-00850-00243467-00243844 the hyper parameters that were that we
y_VxHMwyJto-00851-00243846-00244463 are using so uh so we can actually ask
y_VxHMwyJto-00852-00244464-00244727 this question with our holistic and full
y_VxHMwyJto-00853-00244728-00245003 cross validation procedure and we uh and
y_VxHMwyJto-00854-00245004-00245242 so in this case
y_VxHMwyJto-00855-00245244-00245506 um even though there might be n minus
y_VxHMwyJto-00856-00245507-00245794 two training folds available uh for a
y_VxHMwyJto-00857-00245796-00245975 given model we're only going to use K of
y_VxHMwyJto-00858-00245976-00246232 those and then those K actually rotate
y_VxHMwyJto-00859-00246233-00246617 uh uh with the validation and and test
y_VxHMwyJto-00860-00246617-00246784 sets so that we end up with a variety of
y_VxHMwyJto-00861-00246785-00247048 different models so that procedure looks
y_VxHMwyJto-00862-00247050-00247246 uh like this so this is the case where
y_VxHMwyJto-00863-00247248-00247408 our training set size is exactly
y_VxHMwyJto-00864-00247409-00247679 one-fold and you can see
y_VxHMwyJto-00865-00247680-00247841 um here in red that's the one that we're
y_VxHMwyJto-00866-00247842-00248201 selecting we're ignoring folds one
y_VxHMwyJto-00867-00248202-00248434 through n minus three for training
y_VxHMwyJto-00868-00248435-00248675 purposes uh so we'll train up the model
y_VxHMwyJto-00869-00248676-00248842 with that that data that gives us a
y_VxHMwyJto-00870-00248844-00249058 model model zero and then we can ask
y_VxHMwyJto-00871-00249059-00249382 what the performance is for uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00872-00249383-00249641 validation and test data
y_VxHMwyJto-00873-00249642-00249996 uh and uh and then for the next rotation
y_VxHMwyJto-00874-00249998-00250384 uh we use fold one to create the model
y_VxHMwyJto-00875-00250385-00250775 and then use n minus one and Z fold zero
y_VxHMwyJto-00876-00250776-00251105 for validation and test uh uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00877-00251106-00251363 measurements respectively and on Down
y_VxHMwyJto-00878-00251364-00251542 the Line
y_VxHMwyJto-00879-00251544-00251884 with uh two folds
y_VxHMwyJto-00880-00251885-00252232 uh the training set size grows so here
y_VxHMwyJto-00881-00252233-00252587 we're using zero and one uh and for
y_VxHMwyJto-00882-00252588-00252791 model zero and then for model one we're
y_VxHMwyJto-00883-00252792-00253048 using Folds One and Two
y_VxHMwyJto-00884-00253050-00253384 uh and on Down the Line
y_VxHMwyJto-00885-00253385-00253763 uh so at this point with with one fold
y_VxHMwyJto-00886-00253764-00254069 all of the training training uh data
y_VxHMwyJto-00887-00254069-00254225 were independent from one model to the
y_VxHMwyJto-00888-00254226-00254548 next here now we begin to overlap that
y_VxHMwyJto-00889-00254550-00254765 training data
y_VxHMwyJto-00890-00254766-00255094 for uh threefolds zero one and two are
y_VxHMwyJto-00891-00255096-00255401 used for rotation zero one two and three
y_VxHMwyJto-00892-00255402-00255953 are are used for model one
y_VxHMwyJto-00893-00255954-00256342 a tiny bit of python code for you uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00894-00256344-00256510 here I'm assuming I've got variables
y_VxHMwyJto-00895-00256511-00256751 enfolds which tell me how many folds I
y_VxHMwyJto-00896-00256752-00257087 have in total uh train size is the
y_VxHMwyJto-00897-00257088-00257248 number of folds that we'll use for our
y_VxHMwyJto-00898-00257250-00257519 training set and that we're assuming is
y_VxHMwyJto-00899-00257519-00257794 in the range of one two n folds minus
y_VxHMwyJto-00900-00257796-00258196 two and then rotation is one of zero
y_VxHMwyJto-00901-00258198-00258353 through and folds minus one and that
y_VxHMwyJto-00902-00258354-00258503 tells us which of those models that
y_VxHMwyJto-00903-00258504-00258934 we're constructing uh so for uh Val
y_VxHMwyJto-00904-00258935-00259223 folds uh this is just a
y_VxHMwyJto-00905-00259223-00259523 uh this just computes which fold is
y_VxHMwyJto-00906-00259523-00259769 being used for our validation so number
y_VxHMwyJto-00907-00259769-00259984 folds minus two plus whatever rotation
y_VxHMwyJto-00908-00259985-00260392 we're on mod uh enfolds will give us the
y_VxHMwyJto-00909-00260394-00260692 correct answer for that likewise for uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00910-00260694-00261005 for testing uh for train folds we really
y_VxHMwyJto-00911-00261006-00261244 want to we want to acknowledge that we
y_VxHMwyJto-00912-00261246-00261460 have not uh a single fold that we're
y_VxHMwyJto-00913-00261461-00261617 using for training but a whole list of
y_VxHMwyJto-00914-00261617-00261923 these uh range train size will will give
y_VxHMwyJto-00915-00261923-00262193 us that uh and then everything else is
y_VxHMwyJto-00916-00262194-00262469 the same add a rotation to that so range
y_VxHMwyJto-00917-00262470-00262793 train size if train size is three then
y_VxHMwyJto-00918-00262794-00263165 that will give us uh the list 0 1 and 2.
y_VxHMwyJto-00919-00263166-00263629 at our rotation for each of those mod
y_VxHMwyJto-00920-00263630-00264041 enfolds and and that gives us uh a set
y_VxHMwyJto-00921-00264042-00264334 of folds that are uh independent of the
y_VxHMwyJto-00922-00264335-00264679 valve folds and the test Folds
y_VxHMwyJto-00923-00264680-00265067 all right so a few details if we're
y_VxHMwyJto-00924-00265068-00265487 doing this in a full formal uh if we're
y_VxHMwyJto-00925-00265488-00265865 doing a full formal evaluation uh what
y_VxHMwyJto-00926-00265866-00266129 we end up with is not constructing just
y_VxHMwyJto-00927-00266130-00266345 a few models but actually a whole bunch
y_VxHMwyJto-00928-00266346-00266656 of different models in by m by L so n
y_VxHMwyJto-00929-00266657-00266897 here is the number of folds and hence
y_VxHMwyJto-00930-00266898-00267077 the number of rotations
y_VxHMwyJto-00931-00267078-00267280 typically in my lab we're working with
y_VxHMwyJto-00932-00267281-00267532 20 if you can get up to 30 that's even
y_VxHMwyJto-00933-00267533-00267708 better
y_VxHMwyJto-00934-00267709-00267989 m is the number of hyper parameter sets
y_VxHMwyJto-00935-00267990-00268199 that we're choosing it I hopefully
y_VxHMwyJto-00936-00268200-00268360 that's just a few but it could actually
y_VxHMwyJto-00937-00268361-00268847 be quite a few and uh and L is uh the
y_VxHMwyJto-00938-00268848-00269134 number of choices that we uh can make
y_VxHMwyJto-00939-00269135-00269380 with respect to uh training set size and
y_VxHMwyJto-00940-00269381-00269765 uh it's not unreasonable to to choose
y_VxHMwyJto-00941-00269766-00270034 factors of two so one two four
y_VxHMwyJto-00942-00270035-00270156 Etc
y_VxHMwyJto-00943-00270157-00270665 uh so when when we actually want to do
y_VxHMwyJto-00944-00270666-00271049 this very formal kind of evaluation uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00945-00271050-00271282 will actually do a lot of informal work
y_VxHMwyJto-00946-00271283-00271565 ahead of time to make uh to make some
y_VxHMwyJto-00947-00271566-00271847 choices about what this hyper parameter
y_VxHMwyJto-00948-00271848-00272243 set of options should be uh and we might
y_VxHMwyJto-00949-00272244-00272471 also play a bit with training set size
y_VxHMwyJto-00950-00272472-00272687 ahead of time
y_VxHMwyJto-00951-00272688-00272897 uh and and we'll do that before we do
y_VxHMwyJto-00952-00272898-00273082 the formal experiments
y_VxHMwyJto-00953-00273083-00273221 um of course when you're doing that you
y_VxHMwyJto-00954-00273222-00273358 really should only be looking at
y_VxHMwyJto-00955-00273359-00273527 validation set performance and never
y_VxHMwyJto-00956-00273528-00273937 test that performance
y_VxHMwyJto-00957-00273938-00274265 so a few practicalities the question is
y_VxHMwyJto-00958-00274266-00274595 how how small can and get
y_VxHMwyJto-00959-00274596-00274913 Central limit theorem says really 30 is
y_VxHMwyJto-00960-00274914-00275129 where we want to be 20 in practice is
y_VxHMwyJto-00961-00275130-00275369 pretty good uh it's not uncommon for us
y_VxHMwyJto-00962-00275370-00275830 to see 10 uh for for very small data
y_VxHMwyJto-00963-00275831-00275963 sets
y_VxHMwyJto-00964-00275964-00276208 you will also see down in the range of
y_VxHMwyJto-00965-00276209-00276413 five but but now we're starting to get
y_VxHMwyJto-00966-00276414-00276713 into regions where things like the
y_VxHMwyJto-00967-00276714-00277006 t-test Do Not uh perform very well and
y_VxHMwyJto-00968-00277007-00277163 you'll have to invoke other kinds of
y_VxHMwyJto-00969-00277164-00277601 statistical methods
y_VxHMwyJto-00970-00277602-00278008 um in in practice this
y_VxHMwyJto-00971-00278009-00278345 n by m by L turns out to be a lot of
y_VxHMwyJto-00972-00278346-00278758 computation time uh and it's all it's
y_VxHMwyJto-00973-00278759-00278951 not uncommon for that training set size
y_VxHMwyJto-00974-00278952-00279329 question uh to to actually be pushed off
y_VxHMwyJto-00975-00279330-00279713 to more of the exploratory stage of the
y_VxHMwyJto-00976-00279714-00280025 of the experiments uh before we start to
y_VxHMwyJto-00977-00280026-00280432 do uh the the formal uh cross validation
y_VxHMwyJto-00978-00280433-00280630 and the thing to keep in mind here is
y_VxHMwyJto-00979-00280631-00281069 that that training set size uh choice
y_VxHMwyJto-00980-00281070-00281225 that we make
y_VxHMwyJto-00981-00281226-00281489 um does interact with Hyper parameter uh
y_VxHMwyJto-00982-00281490-00281680 selection so
y_VxHMwyJto-00983-00281681-00282041 um once you narrow down or decide that
y_VxHMwyJto-00984-00282042-00282287 you have actually made uh you have
y_VxHMwyJto-00985-00282288-00282521 enough training data to at least learn
y_VxHMwyJto-00986-00282522-00282784 some models that are useful uh you might
y_VxHMwyJto-00987-00282785-00283097 lock that in and then uh and then go
y_VxHMwyJto-00988-00283098-00283534 about doing uh hyper parameter searches
y_VxHMwyJto-00989-00283535-00283925 foreign okay so holistic cross-valuation
y_VxHMwyJto-00990-00283926-00284141 this is the procedure that gets used in
y_VxHMwyJto-00991-00284142-00284405 my lab for most of what we do
y_VxHMwyJto-00992-00284406-00284591 um however there are some caveats that
y_VxHMwyJto-00993-00284592-00284927 one has to be uh careful about
y_VxHMwyJto-00994-00284928-00285221 um so it is still the case that for a
y_VxHMwyJto-00995-00285222-00285467 given rotation and hence model that the
y_VxHMwyJto-00996-00285468-00285671 testing fold is if we've done things
y_VxHMwyJto-00997-00285672-00285875 right is statistically independent of
y_VxHMwyJto-00998-00285876-00286103 our training and validation folds
y_VxHMwyJto-00999-00286104-00286277 um however when we make our decisions
y_VxHMwyJto-01000-00286278-00286571 about which hyper parameter set we
y_VxHMwyJto-01001-00286572-00286810 actually want to use we don't look at
y_VxHMwyJto-01002-00286811-00287003 the validation performance for that
y_VxHMwyJto-01003-00287004-00287243 single model but actually look at the
y_VxHMwyJto-01004-00287244-00287460 mean across all of the validation folds
y_VxHMwyJto-01005-00287461-00287975 and at this point we can run into a
y_VxHMwyJto-01006-00287976-00288193 statistical problem and that is because
y_VxHMwyJto-01007-00288194-00288569 uh validation for the validation fold
y_VxHMwyJto-01008-00288570-00288869 for one rotation so for the K minus K
y_VxHMwyJto-01009-00288870-00289210 plus 1 rotation is the same fold as as
y_VxHMwyJto-01010-00289211-00289534 we're using for testing in rotation K uh
y_VxHMwyJto-01011-00289535-00289963 and and so that this means that our
y_VxHMwyJto-01012-00289964-00290195 validation performance and our test
y_VxHMwyJto-01013-00290196-00290327 performance are not technically
y_VxHMwyJto-01014-00290328-00290513 independent of one another and
y_VxHMwyJto-01015-00290514-00290706 furthermore
y_VxHMwyJto-01016-00290707-00291137 our test set our test set fold is also
y_VxHMwyJto-01017-00291138-00291353 not truly independent of what we're
y_VxHMwyJto-01018-00291354-00291641 using for training data so so one has to
y_VxHMwyJto-01019-00291642-00291832 be a little bit cautious there but
y_VxHMwyJto-01020-00291833-00292049 nonetheless this tends to actually uh
y_VxHMwyJto-01021-00292050-00292282 work uh quite well
y_VxHMwyJto-01022-00292283-00292519 for many different scenarios
y_VxHMwyJto-01023-00292520-00292805 for for situations where we do worry
y_VxHMwyJto-01024-00292806-00293177 about these issues uh I'm going to throw
y_VxHMwyJto-01025-00293178-00293501 out one other possible approach that's a
y_VxHMwyJto-01026-00293502-00293639 generalization of what we talked about
y_VxHMwyJto-01027-00293640-00293867 before I'll term this orthogonal
y_VxHMwyJto-01028-00293868-00294208 cross-validation and the idea here is
y_VxHMwyJto-01029-00294209-00294601 that we have a fully independent uh
y_VxHMwyJto-01030-00294602-00295006 validation and test folds and hence
y_VxHMwyJto-01031-00295007-00295313 performance measures uh for all of our
y_VxHMwyJto-01032-00295314-00295571 rotations
y_VxHMwyJto-01033-00295572-00295697 um and there are a variety of ways to
y_VxHMwyJto-01034-00295698-00295841 get at this
y_VxHMwyJto-01035-00295842-00296105 um one approach is to use a holdout set
y_VxHMwyJto-01036-00296106-00296243 for both
y_VxHMwyJto-01037-00296244-00296471 one hold out set for validation data
y_VxHMwyJto-01038-00296472-00296699 another hold about set for testing data
y_VxHMwyJto-01039-00296700-00296975 and then we cut each of those into their
y_VxHMwyJto-01040-00296976-00297299 own end Folds
y_VxHMwyJto-01041-00297300-00297575 so that procedure looks uh something
y_VxHMwyJto-01042-00297576-00297929 like this so This Is the green is all
y_VxHMwyJto-01043-00297930-00298060 the data that we've
y_VxHMwyJto-01044-00298061-00298415 that we've pulled from the universe and
y_VxHMwyJto-01045-00298416-00298823 then we've cut uh folds uh we have folds
y_VxHMwyJto-01046-00298824-00299158 zero through n minus one but each of
y_VxHMwyJto-01047-00299159-00299321 those is cut into a separate test
y_VxHMwyJto-01048-00299322-00299680 validation and training data set
y_VxHMwyJto-01049-00299681-00299873 so again there are a variety of ways to
y_VxHMwyJto-01050-00299874-00300184 to uh actually do this procedure here is
y_VxHMwyJto-01051-00300185-00300460 one that we feel very comfortable with
y_VxHMwyJto-01052-00300461-00300832 uh hear the ideas for rotation zero and
y_VxHMwyJto-01053-00300833-00301187 hence model zero we use the training set
y_VxHMwyJto-01054-00301188-00301619 the training piece of our folds uh zero
y_VxHMwyJto-01055-00301620-00301829 through n minus three for the training
y_VxHMwyJto-01056-00301830-00302213 process and then the validation section
y_VxHMwyJto-01057-00302214-00302530 of fold and minus two for to compute our
y_VxHMwyJto-01058-00302531-00303053 V zero and the uh the testing
y_VxHMwyJto-01059-00303054-00303475 portion of fold n minus 1 to compute
y_VxHMwyJto-01060-00303476-00303791 te 0.
y_VxHMwyJto-01061-00303792-00304180 one rotation on everything rotates to
y_VxHMwyJto-01062-00304181-00304493 the right mod n and so our test test
y_VxHMwyJto-01063-00304494-00304751 data now are here our validation data
y_VxHMwyJto-01064-00304752-00305003 come from here and our training data are
y_VxHMwyJto-01065-00305004-00305387 folds one through n minus two
y_VxHMwyJto-01066-00305388-00305671 rotation two again is one more Step
y_VxHMwyJto-01067-00305672-00306034 Beyond that so we're using folds to the
y_VxHMwyJto-01068-00306035-00306269 training section of folds to through n
y_VxHMwyJto-01069-00306270-00306784 minus one for our training purposes
y_VxHMwyJto-01070-00306785-00307193 okay so so this we feel even more
y_VxHMwyJto-01071-00307194-00307523 confident about these validation and
y_VxHMwyJto-01072-00307524-00307949 testing uh uh metrics being independent
y_VxHMwyJto-01073-00307950-00308206 of one another however we are leaving
y_VxHMwyJto-01074-00308207-00308441 for each of our rotations we are leaving
y_VxHMwyJto-01075-00308442-00308843 some of the available data uh untouched
y_VxHMwyJto-01076-00308844-00309095 um so in that in this picture here all
y_VxHMwyJto-01077-00309096-00309413 of this non-purple data that's that's
y_VxHMwyJto-01078-00309414-00309629 not being touched in in the process of
y_VxHMwyJto-01079-00309630-00309934 training uh testing and validation and
y_VxHMwyJto-01080-00309935-00310217 so that inherently means that we have
y_VxHMwyJto-01081-00310218-00310487 less data available for each of those
y_VxHMwyJto-01082-00310488-00310769 different procedures which can can lead
y_VxHMwyJto-01083-00310770-00310991 to different kinds of problems
y_VxHMwyJto-01084-00310992-00311380 especially when our our available data
y_VxHMwyJto-01085-00311381-00311656 set is really small
y_VxHMwyJto-01086-00311657-00311867 um however what we do get out of this is
y_VxHMwyJto-01087-00311868-00312125 is this uh confidence about uh
y_VxHMwyJto-01088-00312126-00312706 Independence in these different measures
y_VxHMwyJto-01089-00312707-00312953 and and in fact I should say that we're
y_VxHMwyJto-01090-00312954-00313121 actually experimenting with this
y_VxHMwyJto-01091-00313122-00313397 procedure in in one of our experiments
y_VxHMwyJto-01092-00313398-00313630 uh right now all right so so a few
y_VxHMwyJto-01093-00313631-00313882 takeaways uh to take a step back from
y_VxHMwyJto-01094-00313883-00314056 what we've talked about today
y_VxHMwyJto-01095-00314057-00314279 um first off statistical evaluation
y_VxHMwyJto-01096-00314280-00314608 matters every model we build and every
y_VxHMwyJto-01097-00314609-00314830 model we evaluate this is a statistical
y_VxHMwyJto-01098-00314831-00315227 process that we have to uh we have to uh
y_VxHMwyJto-01099-00315228-00315413 acknowledge that we are sampling from
y_VxHMwyJto-01100-00315414-00315658 random variables there are lots of
y_VxHMwyJto-01101-00315659-00315882 different approaches to this
y_VxHMwyJto-01102-00315883-00316145 and which one you choose is going to
y_VxHMwyJto-01103-00316146-00316367 depend on whether you're doing informal
y_VxHMwyJto-01104-00316368-00316577 experiments or more formal kinds of
y_VxHMwyJto-01105-00316578-00316721 experiments
y_VxHMwyJto-01106-00316722-00317260 um but a few things to and and also uh
y_VxHMwyJto-01107-00317261-00317441 the nature of the data that you're
y_VxHMwyJto-01108-00317442-00317687 sampling from can also affect your
y_VxHMwyJto-01109-00317688-00317951 choice of cross-validation procedure
y_VxHMwyJto-01110-00317952-00318215 however in anything that you choose it's
y_VxHMwyJto-01111-00318216-00318425 really important to not confuse
y_VxHMwyJto-01112-00318426-00318701 validation and test data sets and this
y_VxHMwyJto-01113-00318702-00318953 is one of the things that happens in uh
y_VxHMwyJto-01114-00318954-00319127 in many of our books and many of the
y_VxHMwyJto-01115-00319128-00319384 blog posts out there they mix those
y_VxHMwyJto-01116-00319385-00319613 terms together as if they're the same
y_VxHMwyJto-01117-00319614-00319804 concept and they are not at all the same
y_VxHMwyJto-01118-00319805-00320201 context the same concept
y_VxHMwyJto-01119-00320202-00320699 uh so uh and along those lines you're
y_VxHMwyJto-01120-00320700-00320891 allowed at any point in the procedure to
y_VxHMwyJto-01121-00320892-00321184 look at validation performance however
y_VxHMwyJto-01122-00321185-00321353 do not look at your test data
y_VxHMwyJto-01123-00321354-00321623 performance until uh the the very late
y_VxHMwyJto-01124-00321624-00321910 stages of your evaluation process
y_VxHMwyJto-01125-00321911-00322204 um with however there's this caveat that
y_VxHMwyJto-01126-00322205-00322397 it's often really convenient to compute
y_VxHMwyJto-01127-00322398-00322673 those test measures uh on the fly as
y_VxHMwyJto-01128-00322674-00322830 you're building the models evaluation
y_VxHMwyJto-01129-00322831-00323141 evaluating the validation data sets
y_VxHMwyJto-01130-00323142-00323387 but uh don't look at them either
y_VxHMwyJto-01131-00323388-00323771 algorithmically or or by human eye
y_VxHMwyJto-01132-00323772-00324089 and then also it's really important to
y_VxHMwyJto-01133-00324090-00324467 uh to make sure that in any of these
y_VxHMwyJto-01134-00324468-00324695 procedures that there is statistical
y_VxHMwyJto-01135-00324696-00325001 Independence between the individual
y_VxHMwyJto-01136-00325002-00325295 folds and uh depending upon the nature
y_VxHMwyJto-01137-00325296-00325541 of your data this might actually be hard
y_VxHMwyJto-01138-00325542-00325745 to achieve so for example if you're
y_VxHMwyJto-01139-00325746-00326032 dealing with time series data there are
y_VxHMwyJto-01140-00326033-00326237 statistical dependencies from one sample
y_VxHMwyJto-01141-00326238-00326471 to the next and you need to make sure
y_VxHMwyJto-01142-00326472-00326704 that in your building of your folds that
y_VxHMwyJto-01143-00326705-00327160 you break those statistical dependencies
y_VxHMwyJto-01144-00327161-00327476 right thank you very much
yAx80N5Fjvk-00000-00000088-00000286 today we'll be graphing the function f
yAx80N5Fjvk-00001-00000287-00000342 of x
yAx80N5Fjvk-00002-00000343-00000615 equals five to the x minus two minus
yAx80N5Fjvk-00003-00000616-00000743 five
yAx80N5Fjvk-00004-00000744-00000886 we'll start by looking at the graph of
yAx80N5Fjvk-00005-00000888-00001047 the parent function
yAx80N5Fjvk-00006-00001048-00001343 f of x equals five to the x since there
yAx80N5Fjvk-00007-00001344-00001447 are no reflections
yAx80N5Fjvk-00008-00001448-00001599 in the function we're trying to graph
yAx80N5Fjvk-00009-00001600-00001823 we'll start by looking at translations
yAx80N5Fjvk-00010-00001823-00001991 since we're subtracting two in the
yAx80N5Fjvk-00011-00001992-00002231 exponent that means our function moves
yAx80N5Fjvk-00012-00002232-00002455 two spaces to the right
yAx80N5Fjvk-00013-00002456-00002599 where it used to pass through the point
yAx80N5Fjvk-00014-00002600-00002855 zero one now it passes through the point
yAx80N5Fjvk-00015-00002856-00003015 two one
yAx80N5Fjvk-00016-00003016-00003263 and next we'll subtract five which
yAx80N5Fjvk-00017-00003264-00003375 shifts our function
yAx80N5Fjvk-00018-00003376-00003783 down five spaces
yAx80N5Fjvk-00019-00003784-00004006 where it used to pass through the point
yAx80N5Fjvk-00020-00004007-00004231 two one
yAx80N5Fjvk-00021-00004232-00004415 now it passes through the point two
yAx80N5Fjvk-00022-00004416-00004911 negative four
yAx80N5Fjvk-00023-00004912-00005159 notice that our asymptote shifted down
yAx80N5Fjvk-00024-00005160-00005359 along with our function
yAx80N5Fjvk-00025-00005360-00005559 making the asymptote at y equals
yAx80N5Fjvk-00026-00005560-00005686 negative five
yAx80N5Fjvk-00027-00005687-00006135 this is the graph of our function
yBuB8CMDqh0-00001-00009288-00009568 challenge
yBz3ZwazlYE-00000-00000173-00000463 we all know that if an offer sounds too
yBz3ZwazlYE-00001-00000465-00000761 good to be true it probably is it's
yBz3ZwazlYE-00002-00000762-00000935 important that we can determine the
yBz3ZwazlYE-00003-00000936-00001225 sources reliability and accuracy of the
yBz3ZwazlYE-00004-00001226-00001696 content we interact with
yBz3ZwazlYE-00005-00001697-00001950 if the news is too unbelievable it's
yBz3ZwazlYE-00006-00001951-00002655 probably not true or it may be biased
yBz3ZwazlYE-00007-00002656-00002880 there are numerous privacy threats
yBz3ZwazlYE-00008-00002881-00003126 online including sharing information on
yBz3ZwazlYE-00009-00003127-00003639 popular social networks not everyone
yBz3ZwazlYE-00010-00003640-00003881 online is a friend many seek to scan
yBz3ZwazlYE-00011-00003882-00004053 through a variety of methods such as
yBz3ZwazlYE-00012-00004054-00004428 spamming and fishing and just like we
yBz3ZwazlYE-00013-00004429-00004653 think critically about what we read we
yBz3ZwazlYE-00014-00004654-00004910 should think about what we post online
yBz3ZwazlYE-00015-00004911-00005186 we can all help each other to make smart
yBz3ZwazlYE-00016-00005187-00005803 choices online stay smart keep connected
yBz3ZwazlYE-00017-00005804-00006010 you
yCOwJZX9S8M-00000-00000071-00000336 bionix or biologically inspired
yCOwJZX9S8M-00001-00000337-00000644 engineering is the application of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00002-00000645-00000951 biological methods and systems found in
yCOwJZX9S8M-00003-00000952-00001175 nature to the study and design of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00004-00001176-00001412 engineering systems and modern
yCOwJZX9S8M-00005-00001413-00001748 technology the word Bionic was coined by
yCOwJZX9S8M-00006-00001750-00002157 Jackie Steele in August 1958 being
yCOwJZX9S8M-00007-00002158-00002475 formed as a portmanteau from biology and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00008-00002476-00002918 electronics it was popularized by the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00009-00002919-00003294 1970s u.s. television series the Six
yCOwJZX9S8M-00010-00003295-00003552 Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman
yCOwJZX9S8M-00011-00003553-00003909 both based upon the novel cyborg by
yCOwJZX9S8M-00012-00003910-00004017 Martin Caidin
yCOwJZX9S8M-00013-00004018-00004302 which was itself influenced by Steele's
yCOwJZX9S8M-00014-00004303-00004763 work all feature humans given superhuman
yCOwJZX9S8M-00015-00004764-00005200 powers by electromechanical implants
yCOwJZX9S8M-00016-00005201-00005463 the transfer of technology between
yCOwJZX9S8M-00017-00005464-00005776 life-forms and manufactured objects as
yCOwJZX9S8M-00018-00005777-00006025 according to proponents of Bionic
yCOwJZX9S8M-00019-00006026-00006264 technology desirable because
yCOwJZX9S8M-00020-00006265-00006568 evolutionary pressure typically forces
yCOwJZX9S8M-00021-00006569-00006856 living organisms including fauna and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00022-00006856-00007168 flora to become highly optimized and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00023-00007169-00007545 efficient a classical example as the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00024-00007547-00007821 development of dirt and water repellent
yCOwJZX9S8M-00025-00007822-00008101 paint coding from the observation that
yCOwJZX9S8M-00026-00008102-00008320 practically nothing sticks to the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00027-00008321-00008584 surface of the lotus flower plant the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00028-00008585-00009105 Lotus effect the term biomimetic is
yCOwJZX9S8M-00029-00009106-00009376 preferred when the reference is made to
yCOwJZX9S8M-00030-00009377-00009732 chemical reactions in that domain
yCOwJZX9S8M-00031-00009733-00010071 biomimetic chemistry refers to reactions
yCOwJZX9S8M-00032-00010072-00010410 that in nature involve biological
yCOwJZX9S8M-00033-00010411-00010744 macromolecules eg enzymes or nucleic
yCOwJZX9S8M-00034-00010745-00011010 acids whose chemistry can be replicated
yCOwJZX9S8M-00035-00011011-00011519 in vitro using much smaller molecules
yCOwJZX9S8M-00036-00011520-00011824 examples of bionics in engineering
yCOwJZX9S8M-00037-00011825-00012108 include the hulls of boats imitating the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00038-00012109-00012469 thick skin of dolphins sonar radar and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00039-00012470-00012769 medical ultrasound imaging imitating
yCOwJZX9S8M-00040-00012770-00013047 animal echolocation
yCOwJZX9S8M-00041-00013049-00013341 in the field of computer science the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00042-00013343-00013663 study of bionics has produced artificial
yCOwJZX9S8M-00043-00013663-00013966 neurons artificial neural networks and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00044-00013966-00014338 swarm intelligence evolutionary
yCOwJZX9S8M-00045-00014338-00014611 computation was also motivated by
yCOwJZX9S8M-00046-00014612-00014919 bionics ideas but it took the idea
yCOwJZX9S8M-00047-00014921-00015202 further by simulating evolution in
yCOwJZX9S8M-00048-00015203-00015484 silico and producing well optimized
yCOwJZX9S8M-00049-00015485-00015744 solutions that had never appeared in
yCOwJZX9S8M-00050-00015746-00015936 nature
yCOwJZX9S8M-00051-00015937-00016211 it is estimated by Julian Vincent
yCOwJZX9S8M-00052-00016212-00016472 professor of biomimetics at the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00053-00016473-00016722 University of Bath department of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00054-00016723-00017033 mechanical engineering that at present
yCOwJZX9S8M-00055-00017034-00017388 there is only a 12% overlap between
yCOwJZX9S8M-00056-00017389-00017769 biology and technology in terms of the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00057-00017770-00018038 mechanisms used
yCOwJZX9S8M-00058-00018039-00018532 you
yCOwJZX9S8M-00059-00018533-00019090 topic history
yCOwJZX9S8M-00060-00019091-00019423 the name biomimetics was coined by otto
yCOwJZX9S8M-00061-00019424-00019912 schmidt in the 1950s the term bionics
yCOwJZX9S8M-00062-00019913-00020232 was coined by Jackie Steele in August
yCOwJZX9S8M-00063-00020233-00020569 1958 while working at the Aeronautics
yCOwJZX9S8M-00064-00020570-00020839 division housed at wright-patterson Air
yCOwJZX9S8M-00065-00020840-00021138 Force Base in Dayton Ohio
yCOwJZX9S8M-00066-00021139-00021486 however terms like biomimicry or
yCOwJZX9S8M-00067-00021487-00021742 biomimetics are more preferred in the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00068-00021743-00022009 technology world in efforts to avoid
yCOwJZX9S8M-00069-00022010-00022252 confusion between the medical term
yCOwJZX9S8M-00070-00022253-00022669 bionics coincidentally Martin Caidin
yCOwJZX9S8M-00071-00022670-00023119 used the word for his 1972 novel cyborg
yCOwJZX9S8M-00072-00023120-00023371 which inspired the series the Six
yCOwJZX9S8M-00073-00023372-00023797 Million Dollar Man Cayden was a longtime
yCOwJZX9S8M-00074-00023798-00024115 aviation industry writer before turning
yCOwJZX9S8M-00075-00024116-00024800 to fiction full-time
yCOwJZX9S8M-00076-00024801-00025353 topic methods
yCOwJZX9S8M-00077-00025354-00025706 the study of bionics often emphasizes
yCOwJZX9S8M-00078-00025707-00025964 implementing a function found in nature
yCOwJZX9S8M-00079-00025966-00026243 rather than imitating biological
yCOwJZX9S8M-00080-00026244-00026631 structures for example in computer
yCOwJZX9S8M-00081-00026632-00026939 science cybernetics tries to model the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00082-00026941-00027215 feedback and control mechanisms that are
yCOwJZX9S8M-00083-00027216-00027510 inherent in intelligent behavior while
yCOwJZX9S8M-00084-00027511-00027801 artificial intelligence tries to model
yCOwJZX9S8M-00085-00027802-00028064 the intelligent function regardless of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00086-00028066-00028482 the particular way can be achieved the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00087-00028483-00028733 conscious copying of examples and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00088-00028735-00029021 mechanisms from natural organisms and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00089-00029022-00029304 ecologies as a form of applied case
yCOwJZX9S8M-00090-00029305-00029604 based reasoning treating nature itself
yCOwJZX9S8M-00091-00029605-00029918 as a database of solutions that already
yCOwJZX9S8M-00092-00029919-00030249 work proponents argued that the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00093-00030250-00030539 selective pressure placed on all natural
yCOwJZX9S8M-00094-00030541-00030810 life forms minimizes and removes
yCOwJZX9S8M-00095-00030811-00031008 failures
yCOwJZX9S8M-00096-00031010-00031320 although almost all engineering could be
yCOwJZX9S8M-00097-00031322-00031614 said to be a form of biomimicry the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00098-00031616-00031924 modern origins of this field are usually
yCOwJZX9S8M-00099-00031925-00032167 attributed to Buckminster Fuller and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00100-00032168-00032449 it's later codification as a house or
yCOwJZX9S8M-00101-00032450-00032835 field of study - Janine Benyus
yCOwJZX9S8M-00102-00032836-00033067 there are generally three biological
yCOwJZX9S8M-00103-00033068-00033424 levels in the fauna or flora after which
yCOwJZX9S8M-00104-00033425-00033824 technology can be modeled mimicking
yCOwJZX9S8M-00105-00033825-00034177 natural methods of manufacture
yCOwJZX9S8M-00106-00034178-00034485 imitating mechanisms found in nature
yCOwJZX9S8M-00107-00034486-00034889 velcro studying organizational
yCOwJZX9S8M-00108-00034890-00035136 principles from the social behavior of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00109-00035137-00035408 organisms such as the flocking behavior
yCOwJZX9S8M-00110-00035409-00035780 of birds optimization of ant foraging
yCOwJZX9S8M-00111-00035781-00036002 and B foraging and the swarm
yCOwJZX9S8M-00112-00036003-00036339 intelligence si based behavior of a
yCOwJZX9S8M-00113-00036340-00036994 school of fish
yCOwJZX9S8M-00114-00036995-00037579 topic examples
yCOwJZX9S8M-00115-00037580-00037971 in robotics bionics and biomimetics are
yCOwJZX9S8M-00116-00037972-00038260 used to apply the way animals move to
yCOwJZX9S8M-00117-00038261-00038695 the design of robots Bionic kangaroo was
yCOwJZX9S8M-00118-00038696-00038968 based on the movements and physiology of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00119-00038969-00039182 kangaroos
yCOwJZX9S8M-00120-00039183-00039523 velcro is the most famous example of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00121-00039524-00039964 biomimetics in 1948 the Swiss engineer
yCOwJZX9S8M-00122-00039965-00040289 George de Mestral was cleaning his dog
yCOwJZX9S8M-00123-00040290-00040555 of burrs picked up on a walk when he
yCOwJZX9S8M-00124-00040556-00040768 realized how the hooks of the burst
yCOwJZX9S8M-00125-00040769-00041018 clung to the fur
yCOwJZX9S8M-00126-00041019-00041348 the horn shaped sawtooth design for
yCOwJZX9S8M-00127-00041349-00041582 lumberjack blades used at the turn of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00128-00041583-00041930 the 19th century to cut down trees when
yCOwJZX9S8M-00129-00041931-00042191 it was still done by hand was modeled
yCOwJZX9S8M-00130-00042192-00042458 after observations of a wood burrowing
yCOwJZX9S8M-00131-00042459-00042817 beetle it revolutionized the industry
yCOwJZX9S8M-00132-00042818-00043124 because the blades worked so much faster
yCOwJZX9S8M-00133-00043125-00043419 at felling trees
yCOwJZX9S8M-00134-00043420-00043698 cat's eye reflectors were invented by
yCOwJZX9S8M-00135-00043699-00044115 Percy Shaw in 1935 after studying the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00136-00044116-00044517 mechanism of cat eyes he had found that
yCOwJZX9S8M-00137-00044518-00044787 cats had a system of reflecting cells
yCOwJZX9S8M-00138-00044788-00045066 known as tapetum lucidum which was
yCOwJZX9S8M-00139-00045067-00045342 capable of reflecting the tiniest bit of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00140-00045343-00045528 light
yCOwJZX9S8M-00141-00045529-00045880 Leonardo da Vinci's flying machines and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00142-00045881-00046171 ships are early examples of drawing from
yCOwJZX9S8M-00143-00046172-00046449 nature in engineering
yCOwJZX9S8M-00144-00046450-00046762 rezulin as a replacement for rubber that
yCOwJZX9S8M-00145-00046763-00046996 has been created by studying the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00146-00046997-00047408 material also found in arthropods
yCOwJZX9S8M-00147-00047409-00047718 Julian Vincent drew from the study of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00148-00047719-00048071 pinecones when he developed in 2004
yCOwJZX9S8M-00149-00048072-00048492 smart clothing that adapts to changing
yCOwJZX9S8M-00150-00048493-00048603 temperatures
yCOwJZX9S8M-00151-00048604-00048936 I wanted a nonliving system which would
yCOwJZX9S8M-00152-00048937-00049230 respond to changes in moisture by
yCOwJZX9S8M-00153-00049231-00049704 changing shape he said there are several
yCOwJZX9S8M-00154-00049705-00050052 such systems in plants but most are very
yCOwJZX9S8M-00155-00050053-00050481 small the pine cone is the largest and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00156-00050482-00050857 therefore the easiest to work on
yCOwJZX9S8M-00157-00050858-00051202 pinecones respond to higher humidity by
yCOwJZX9S8M-00158-00051203-00051466 opening their scales to disperse their
yCOwJZX9S8M-00159-00051467-00052007 seeds the smart fabric does the same
yCOwJZX9S8M-00160-00052008-00052073 thing
yCOwJZX9S8M-00161-00052074-00052333 opening up when the wearer as warm and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00162-00052334-00052708 sweating and shutting tight when cold
yCOwJZX9S8M-00163-00052709-00053104 morphing aircraft wings that change
yCOwJZX9S8M-00164-00053105-00053327 shape according to the speed and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00165-00053328-00053690 duration of flight were designed in 2004
yCOwJZX9S8M-00166-00053691-00054026 by biomimetic scientists from Penn State
yCOwJZX9S8M-00167-00054027-00054383 University the morphing wings were
yCOwJZX9S8M-00168-00054384-00054686 inspired by different bird species that
yCOwJZX9S8M-00169-00054687-00054938 have differently shaped wings according
yCOwJZX9S8M-00170-00054939-00055298 to the speed at which they fly in order
yCOwJZX9S8M-00171-00055299-00055526 to change the shape an underlying
yCOwJZX9S8M-00172-00055527-00055784 structure of the aircraft wings
yCOwJZX9S8M-00173-00055785-00055991 the researchers needed to make the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00174-00055991-00056294 overlying skin also be able to change
yCOwJZX9S8M-00175-00056295-00056542 which they're designed as by covering
yCOwJZX9S8M-00176-00056544-00056842 the wings with fish inspired scales that
yCOwJZX9S8M-00177-00056844-00057182 could slide over each other in some
yCOwJZX9S8M-00178-00057183-00057425 respects this is a refinement of the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00179-00057426-00057689 swing wing design
yCOwJZX9S8M-00180-00057690-00057982 some paints and roof tiles have been
yCOwJZX9S8M-00181-00057983-00058229 engineered to be self-cleaning by
yCOwJZX9S8M-00182-00058229-00058487 copying the mechanism from the 'no lumba
yCOwJZX9S8M-00183-00058488-00058673 lotus
yCOwJZX9S8M-00184-00058674-00059040 cholesteric liquid crystals CLC's are
yCOwJZX9S8M-00185-00059041-00059346 the thin film material often used to
yCOwJZX9S8M-00186-00059347-00059649 fabricate fish tank thermometers or mood
yCOwJZX9S8M-00187-00059650-00059946 rings that change color with temperature
yCOwJZX9S8M-00188-00059947-00060321 changes they change color because their
yCOwJZX9S8M-00189-00060322-00060615 molecules are arranged in a helical or
yCOwJZX9S8M-00190-00060616-00060875 chiral arrangement and with temperature
yCOwJZX9S8M-00191-00060876-00061104 the pitch of that helical structure
yCOwJZX9S8M-00192-00061104-00061382 changes reflecting different wavelengths
yCOwJZX9S8M-00193-00061383-00061496 of light
yCOwJZX9S8M-00194-00061497-00061871 chiral photonics Inc has abstracted the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00195-00061872-00062150 self-assembled structure of the organic
yCOwJZX9S8M-00196-00062151-00062490 CLC's to produce analogous optical
yCOwJZX9S8M-00197-00062491-00062791 devices using tiny lengths of inorganic
yCOwJZX9S8M-00198-00062792-00063155 twisted glass fiber
yCOwJZX9S8M-00199-00063157-00063429 nanostructures and physical mechanisms
yCOwJZX9S8M-00200-00063430-00063658 that produce the shining color of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00201-00063659-00063922 butterfly wings were reproduced in
yCOwJZX9S8M-00202-00063923-00064239 silico by greg parker professor of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00203-00064240-00064525 electronics and computer science at the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00204-00064526-00064798 University of Southampton and research
yCOwJZX9S8M-00205-00064799-00065077 student Luca Plattner in the field of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00206-00065078-00065371 photonics which is electronics using
yCOwJZX9S8M-00207-00065372-00065638 photons as the information carrier
yCOwJZX9S8M-00208-00065639-00065920 instead of electrons
yCOwJZX9S8M-00209-00065921-00066178 the wing structure of the Blue Morpho
yCOwJZX9S8M-00210-00066179-00066460 butterfly was studied and the way it
yCOwJZX9S8M-00211-00066461-00066727 reflects light was mimicked to create an
yCOwJZX9S8M-00212-00066728-00067054 RFID tag that can be read through water
yCOwJZX9S8M-00213-00067055-00067269 and on metal
yCOwJZX9S8M-00214-00067270-00067557 the wing structure of butterflies has
yCOwJZX9S8M-00215-00067558-00067848 also inspired the creation of new nano
yCOwJZX9S8M-00216-00067849-00068226 sensors to detect explosives
yCOwJZX9S8M-00217-00068227-00068590 neuromorphic chips silicon retin-a or
yCOwJZX9S8M-00218-00068591-00068896 Coakley has wiring that is modeled after
yCOwJZX9S8M-00219-00068897-00069547 real neural networks s a connectivity
yCOwJZX9S8M-00220-00069548-00069955 techno ecosystems or eco cyborg systems
yCOwJZX9S8M-00221-00069956-00070183 involve the coupling of natural
yCOwJZX9S8M-00222-00070184-00070459 ecological processes to technological
yCOwJZX9S8M-00223-00070460-00070830 ones which mimic ecological functions
yCOwJZX9S8M-00224-00070831-00071172 this results in the creation of a
yCOwJZX9S8M-00225-00071173-00071500 self-regulating hybrid system research
yCOwJZX9S8M-00226-00071501-00071818 into this field was initiated by Howard
yCOwJZX9S8M-00227-00071819-00072103 T Odom who perceived the structure and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00228-00072104-00072382 emerge-ii dynamics of ecosystems as
yCOwJZX9S8M-00229-00072383-00072682 being analogous to energy flow between
yCOwJZX9S8M-00230-00072683-00073032 components of an electrical circuit
yCOwJZX9S8M-00231-00073033-00073365 medical adhesives involving glue and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00232-00073366-00073605 tiny nano hairs are being developed
yCOwJZX9S8M-00233-00073606-00073893 based on the physical structures found
yCOwJZX9S8M-00234-00073894-00074177 in the feet of geckos
yCOwJZX9S8M-00235-00074178-00074543 computer viruses also show similarities
yCOwJZX9S8M-00236-00074544-00074867 with biological viruses in their way to
yCOwJZX9S8M-00237-00074868-00075140 curb program oriented information
yCOwJZX9S8M-00238-00075141-00075361 towards self reproduction and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00239-00075362-00075582 dissemination
yCOwJZX9S8M-00240-00075583-00075846 the cooling system of the Eastgate
yCOwJZX9S8M-00241-00075847-00076122 Center building in Harare was modeled
yCOwJZX9S8M-00242-00076123-00076404 after a termite mound to achieve very
yCOwJZX9S8M-00243-00076405-00076706 efficient passive cooling
yCOwJZX9S8M-00244-00076707-00077015 adhesive which allows muscles to stick
yCOwJZX9S8M-00245-00077016-00077315 to rocks piers and boat hulls inspired
yCOwJZX9S8M-00246-00077316-00077737 by Oh adhesive gel for blood vessels
yCOwJZX9S8M-00247-00077738-00077998 through the field of bionics new
yCOwJZX9S8M-00248-00077999-00078205 aircraft designs with far greater
yCOwJZX9S8M-00249-00078206-00078535 agility and other advantages may be
yCOwJZX9S8M-00250-00078536-00078940 created this has been described by Jeff
yCOwJZX9S8M-00251-00078941-00079183 Spedding and Anders head instrum in an
yCOwJZX9S8M-00252-00079184-00079444 article in Journal of Experimental
yCOwJZX9S8M-00253-00079445-00079852 Biology similar statements were also
yCOwJZX9S8M-00254-00079853-00080146 made by John vital er an ice tam house
yCOwJZX9S8M-00255-00080147-00080407 in their book avian flight and in the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00256-00080408-00080671 article they present in science about
yCOwJZX9S8M-00257-00080672-00080775 lives
yCOwJZX9S8M-00258-00080776-00081127 John vital er an ice tam house have
yCOwJZX9S8M-00259-00081128-00081406 since worked out real-life improvements
yCOwJZX9S8M-00260-00081407-00081789 to airplane wings using bionics research
yCOwJZX9S8M-00261-00081790-00082177 this research in bionics may also be
yCOwJZX9S8M-00262-00082178-00082387 used to create more efficient
yCOwJZX9S8M-00263-00082388-00082825 helicopters or miniature UAVs this
yCOwJZX9S8M-00264-00082826-00083134 latter was stated by Brett tobolski in
yCOwJZX9S8M-00265-00083135-00083524 an article in science about hummingbirds
yCOwJZX9S8M-00266-00083525-00083844 Brett tobolski has thus now started work
yCOwJZX9S8M-00267-00083845-00084199 on creating these miniature UAVs which
yCOwJZX9S8M-00268-00084200-00084661 may be used for espionage UC Berkeley as
yCOwJZX9S8M-00269-00084662-00084975 well as ESA have finally also been
yCOwJZX9S8M-00270-00084976-00085218 working in a similar direction and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00271-00085219-00085599 created the Robo fly a miniature UAV and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00272-00085600-00085930 the intimate er a UAV which can walk
yCOwJZX9S8M-00273-00085931-00086455 crawl and fly a bio-inspired mechanical
yCOwJZX9S8M-00274-00086456-00086786 device can generate plasma in water via
yCOwJZX9S8M-00275-00086787-00087042 cavitation using the morphological
yCOwJZX9S8M-00276-00087043-00087460 accurate snapping shrimp Claw this was
yCOwJZX9S8M-00277-00087461-00087768 described in detail by shin tang and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00278-00087769-00088060 david stack in an article published in
yCOwJZX9S8M-00279-00088061-00088785 science advances
yCOwJZX9S8M-00280-00088786-00089846 topic-specific uses of the term
yCOwJZX9S8M-00281-00089847-00090415 topic in medicine
yCOwJZX9S8M-00282-00090416-00090626 bionix refers to
yCOwJZX9S8M-00283-00090627-00090902 floo of concepts from biology to
yCOwJZX9S8M-00284-00090903-00091141 engineering and vice-versa
yCOwJZX9S8M-00285-00091142-00091418 hence there are two slightly different
yCOwJZX9S8M-00286-00091419-00091709 points of view regarding the meaning of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00287-00091710-00091888 the word
yCOwJZX9S8M-00288-00091889-00092173 in medicine bionics means the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00289-00092174-00092465 replacement or enhancement of organs or
yCOwJZX9S8M-00290-00092466-00092862 other body parts by mechanical versions
yCOwJZX9S8M-00291-00092863-00093146 Bionic implants differ from mere
yCOwJZX9S8M-00292-00093147-00093430 prosthesis by mimicking the original
yCOwJZX9S8M-00293-00093431-00093785 function very closely or even surpassing
yCOwJZX9S8M-00294-00093786-00093915 it
yCOwJZX9S8M-00295-00093916-00094297 bionix German equivalent Bionic always
yCOwJZX9S8M-00296-00094298-00094557 adheres to the broader meaning in that
yCOwJZX9S8M-00297-00094558-00094788 it tries to develop engineering
yCOwJZX9S8M-00298-00094789-00095191 solutions from biological models this
yCOwJZX9S8M-00299-00095192-00095478 approach is motivated by the fact that
yCOwJZX9S8M-00300-00095479-00095769 biological solutions will usually be
yCOwJZX9S8M-00301-00095770-00096164 optimized by evolutionary forces
yCOwJZX9S8M-00302-00096165-00096491 while the technologies that make Bionic
yCOwJZX9S8M-00303-00096492-00096722 implants possible are developing
yCOwJZX9S8M-00304-00096723-00097031 gradually a few successful Bionic
yCOwJZX9S8M-00305-00097032-00097373 devices exist a well-known one being the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00306-00097374-00097631 Australian invented multi-channel
yCOwJZX9S8M-00307-00097632-00098012 cochlear implant bionic ear a device for
yCOwJZX9S8M-00308-00098013-00098122 deaf people
yCOwJZX9S8M-00309-00098123-00098557 since the bionic ear many Bionic devices
yCOwJZX9S8M-00310-00098558-00098834 have emerged and work is progressing on
yCOwJZX9S8M-00311-00098835-00099110 Bionic solutions for other sensory
yCOwJZX9S8M-00312-00099111-00099572 disorders eg vision and balance Bionic
yCOwJZX9S8M-00313-00099573-00099775 research has recently provided
yCOwJZX9S8M-00314-00099776-00100096 treatments for medical problems such as
yCOwJZX9S8M-00315-00100097-00100385 neurological and psychiatric conditions
yCOwJZX9S8M-00316-00100386-00100646 for example Parkinson's disease and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00317-00100647-00101066 epilepsy by 2004 fully functional
yCOwJZX9S8M-00318-00101067-00101392 artificial hearts were developed
yCOwJZX9S8M-00319-00101393-00101690 significant progress as expected with
yCOwJZX9S8M-00320-00101691-00101953 the advent of nanotechnology a
yCOwJZX9S8M-00321-00101954-00102269 well-known example of a proposed nano
yCOwJZX9S8M-00322-00102270-00102665 device as a respiratory shall read cell
yCOwJZX9S8M-00323-00102666-00102979 designed though not built yet by Robert
yCOwJZX9S8M-00324-00102980-00103439 Freitas Kwabena Bowen from Ghana was a
yCOwJZX9S8M-00325-00103440-00103649 professor in the department of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00326-00103650-00103904 bioengineering at the University of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00327-00103905-00104276 Pennsylvania during his eight years at
yCOwJZX9S8M-00328-00104277-00104591 Penn he developed a silicon retina that
yCOwJZX9S8M-00329-00104592-00104894 was able to process images in the same
yCOwJZX9S8M-00330-00104895-00105263 manner as a living retina he confirmed
yCOwJZX9S8M-00331-00105264-00105548 the result by comparing the electrical
yCOwJZX9S8M-00332-00105549-00105827 signals from his silicon retina to the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00333-00105828-00106063 electrical signals produced by a
yCOwJZX9S8M-00334-00106064-00106333 salamander eye while the two retinas
yCOwJZX9S8M-00335-00106334-00106645 were looking at the same image
yCOwJZX9S8M-00336-00106646-00107005 in 2007 the Scottish company touch
yCOwJZX9S8M-00337-00107006-00107302 bionics launched the first commercially
yCOwJZX9S8M-00338-00107303-00107775 available Bionic hand named I limb hand
yCOwJZX9S8M-00339-00107776-00108163 according to the firm by May 2010 it has
yCOwJZX9S8M-00340-00108164-00108510 been fitted to more than 1,200 patients
yCOwJZX9S8M-00341-00108511-00108799 worldwide the Nietzschean group is
yCOwJZX9S8M-00342-00108800-00109072 working on bio mimicking scaffolds in
yCOwJZX9S8M-00343-00109073-00109351 tissue engineering stem cells and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00344-00109352-00109582 regenerative medicine have given a
yCOwJZX9S8M-00345-00109583-00109891 detailed classification on biomimetics
yCOwJZX9S8M-00346-00109892-00110334 in medicine on the 21st of July 2015 the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00347-00110335-00110704 BBC's medical correspondent Fergus Walsh
yCOwJZX9S8M-00348-00110705-00111060 reported surgeons in Manchester have
yCOwJZX9S8M-00349-00111061-00111388 performed the first bionic eye implant
yCOwJZX9S8M-00350-00111389-00111684 in a patient with the most common cause
yCOwJZX9S8M-00351-00111685-00112144 of sight loss in the developed world ray
yCOwJZX9S8M-00352-00112145-00112543 Flynn ad has dry age-related macular
yCOwJZX9S8M-00353-00112544-00112900 degeneration which has led to the total
yCOwJZX9S8M-00354-00112901-00113329 loss of his central vision he is using a
yCOwJZX9S8M-00355-00113330-00113626 retinal implant which converts video
yCOwJZX9S8M-00356-00113627-00113965 images from a miniature video camera
yCOwJZX9S8M-00357-00113966-00114406 worn on his glasses he can now make out
yCOwJZX9S8M-00358-00114407-00114646 the direction of white lines on a
yCOwJZX9S8M-00359-00114647-00114922 computer screen using the retinal
yCOwJZX9S8M-00360-00114923-00115132 implant
yCOwJZX9S8M-00361-00115133-00115433 the implant known as the Argos - and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00362-00115434-00115725 manufactured in the US by the company
yCOwJZX9S8M-00363-00115726-00116008 Second Sight medical products had been
yCOwJZX9S8M-00364-00116008-00116269 used previously in patients who were
yCOwJZX9S8M-00365-00116270-00116472 blind as the result of the rare
yCOwJZX9S8M-00366-00116473-00116682 inherited degenerative eye disease
yCOwJZX9S8M-00367-00116683-00117433 retinitis pigmentosa
yCOwJZX9S8M-00368-00117433-00117974 topic politics
yCOwJZX9S8M-00369-00117975-00118304 a political form of biomimicry as
yCOwJZX9S8M-00370-00118305-00118643 bioregional democracy we're in political
yCOwJZX9S8M-00371-00118644-00118946 borders conform to natural ecoregions
yCOwJZX9S8M-00372-00118947-00119189 rather than human cultures or the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00373-00119190-00119516 outcomes of prior conflicts
yCOwJZX9S8M-00374-00119517-00119840 critics of these approaches often argue
yCOwJZX9S8M-00375-00119841-00120125 that ecological selection itself as a
yCOwJZX9S8M-00376-00120126-00120446 poor model of minimizing manufacturing
yCOwJZX9S8M-00377-00120447-00120732 complexity or conflict and that the free
yCOwJZX9S8M-00378-00120733-00121040 market relies on conscious cooperation
yCOwJZX9S8M-00379-00121041-00121315 agreement and standards as much as
yCOwJZX9S8M-00380-00121316-00121628 unofficially more analogous to sexual
yCOwJZX9S8M-00381-00121629-00121970 selection Charles Darwin himself
yCOwJZX9S8M-00382-00121971-00122252 contended that both were balanced in
yCOwJZX9S8M-00383-00122253-00122470 natural selection although his
yCOwJZX9S8M-00384-00122471-00122757 contemporaries often avoided frank talk
yCOwJZX9S8M-00385-00122758-00123047 about sex or any suggestion that
yCOwJZX9S8M-00386-00123048-00123296 free-market success was based on
yCOwJZX9S8M-00387-00123297-00123640 persuasion not value
yCOwJZX9S8M-00388-00123641-00123876 advocates especially in the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00389-00123877-00124165 anti-globalization movement argue that
yCOwJZX9S8M-00390-00124166-00124363 the mating like processes of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00391-00124364-00124666 standardization financing and marketing
yCOwJZX9S8M-00392-00124667-00124919 are already examples of runaway
yCOwJZX9S8M-00393-00124920-00125173 evolution rendering a system that
yCOwJZX9S8M-00394-00125174-00125422 appeals to the consumer but which is
yCOwJZX9S8M-00395-00125423-00125681 inefficient at use of energy and raw
yCOwJZX9S8M-00396-00125682-00126143 materials biomimicry they argue is an
yCOwJZX9S8M-00397-00126144-00126402 effective strategy to restore basic
yCOwJZX9S8M-00398-00126403-00126654 efficiency
yCOwJZX9S8M-00399-00126655-00126976 biomimicry is also the second principle
yCOwJZX9S8M-00400-00126977-00127633 of natural capitalism
yCOwJZX9S8M-00401-00127633-00128204 topic other uses
yCOwJZX9S8M-00402-00128205-00128498 business biomimetics as the latest
yCOwJZX9S8M-00403-00128499-00128740 development in the application of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00404-00128741-00129083 biomimetics specifically it applies
yCOwJZX9S8M-00405-00129083-00129409 principles and practice from biological
yCOwJZX9S8M-00406-00129410-00129745 systems to business strategy process
yCOwJZX9S8M-00407-00129746-00130016 organization design and strategic
yCOwJZX9S8M-00408-00130017-00130388 thinking it has been successfully used
yCOwJZX9S8M-00409-00130389-00130817 by a range of industries in FMCG defense
yCOwJZX9S8M-00410-00130818-00131084 central government packaging and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00411-00131085-00131471 business services based on the work by
yCOwJZX9S8M-00412-00131472-00131732 Phil Richardson at the University of
yCOwJZX9S8M-00413-00131733-00131960 Bath the approach was launched at the
yCOwJZX9S8M-00414-00131961-00132388 House of Lords in May 2009
yCOwJZX9S8M-00415-00132389-00132652 in a more specific meaning it is a
yCOwJZX9S8M-00416-00132653-00132943 creativity technique that tries to use
yCOwJZX9S8M-00417-00132944-00133263 biological prototypes to get ideas for
yCOwJZX9S8M-00418-00133264-00133485 engineering solutions
yCOwJZX9S8M-00419-00133486-00133798 this approach is motivated by the fact
yCOwJZX9S8M-00420-00133799-00134101 that biological organisms and their
yCOwJZX9S8M-00421-00134102-00134350 organs have been well optimized by
yCOwJZX9S8M-00422-00134351-00134763 evolution in chemistry a biomimetic
yCOwJZX9S8M-00423-00134764-00135040 synthesis as a chemical synthesis
yCOwJZX9S8M-00424-00135041-00135470 inspired by biochemical processes
yCOwJZX9S8M-00425-00135471-00135763 another more recent meaning of the term
yCOwJZX9S8M-00426-00135764-00136088 bionics refers to merging organism and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00427-00136089-00136448 machine this approach results in a
yCOwJZX9S8M-00428-00136449-00136784 hybrid system combining biological and
yCOwJZX9S8M-00429-00136785-00137033 engineering parts which can also be
yCOwJZX9S8M-00430-00137034-00137478 referred as a cybernetic organism cyborg
yCOwJZX9S8M-00431-00137479-00137758 practical realization of this was
yCOwJZX9S8M-00432-00137759-00138051 demonstrated in Kevin Warwick's implant
yCOwJZX9S8M-00433-00138052-00138323 experiments bringing about ultrasound
yCOwJZX9S8M-00434-00138324-00138782 input via his own nervous system
yCOwJZX9S8M-00435-00138783-00139226 equals equals see also
yFQtNMpEVfA-00000-00000065-00000278 supernova imposters are stellar
yFQtNMpEVfA-00001-00000279-00000484 explosions that appear at first to be a
yFQtNMpEVfA-00002-00000485-00000676 supernova but do not destroy their
yFQtNMpEVfA-00003-00000677-00000947 progenitor stars as such they are a
yFQtNMpEVfA-00004-00000948-00001195 class of extra powerful novi they are
yFQtNMpEVfA-00005-00001196-00001424 also known as type 5 supernova a de
yFQtNMpEVfA-00006-00001425-00001670 Carina analogues and giant eruptions of
yFQtNMpEVfA-00007-00001671-00002276 luminous blue variables LBV
yFQtNMpEVfA-00008-00002277-00002864 appearance origin and mass loss
yFQtNMpEVfA-00009-00002865-00003138 supernova imposters appear as remarkably
yFQtNMpEVfA-00010-00003139-00003393 faint supernovae of spectral type iin
yFQtNMpEVfA-00011-00003394-00003627 which have hydrogen in their spectrum
yFQtNMpEVfA-00012-00003628-00003792 and narrow spectral lines that indicate
yFQtNMpEVfA-00013-00003793-00004071 relatively low gas speeds these
yFQtNMpEVfA-00014-00004072-00004272 imposters exceed their pre outburst
yFQtNMpEVfA-00015-00004273-00004467 States by several magnitudes with
yFQtNMpEVfA-00016-00004468-00004697 typical peak absolute visual magnitudes
yFQtNMpEVfA-00017-00004698-00004956 of minus 11 to minus 14 making these
yFQtNMpEVfA-00018-00004957-00005129 outbursts as bright as the most luminous
yFQtNMpEVfA-00019-00005130-00005406 stars the trigger mechanism of these
yFQtNMpEVfA-00020-00005407-00005625 outbursts remains unexplained though it
yFQtNMpEVfA-00021-00005626-00005804 is thought to be caused by violating the
yFQtNMpEVfA-00022-00005805-00006002 classical Eddington luminosity limit
yFQtNMpEVfA-00023-00006003-00006309 initiating severe mass loss if the ratio
yFQtNMpEVfA-00024-00006310-00006576 of radiated energy to kinetic energy as
yFQtNMpEVfA-00025-00006577-00006798 near unity as in a de Carina then we
yFQtNMpEVfA-00026-00006798-00007016 might expect an ejected mass of about
yFQtNMpEVfA-00027-00007017-00007555 0.16 solar masses
yFQtNMpEVfA-00028-00007556-00008019 topic examples
yFQtNMpEVfA-00029-00008020-00008323 possible examples of supernova imposters
yFQtNMpEVfA-00030-00008324-00008527 include the great eruption of a degree
yFQtNMpEVfA-00031-00008528-00009111 nough P Sigma SN 1961 vs n 1954 j SN
yFQtNMpEVfA-00032-00009112-00009814 1997 BS SN 200 8 s in NGC 6900 46 in SN
yFQtNMpEVfA-00033-00009815-00010045 2010 DN where detection zuv the
yFQtNMpEVfA-00034-00010046-00010269 surviving progenitor stars are claimed
yFQtNMpEVfA-00035-00010270-00010567 one supernova impostor that made news
yFQtNMpEVfA-00036-00010568-00010768 after the fact was the one observed on
yFQtNMpEVfA-00037-00010769-00011184 October 20th 2004 in the galaxy u GC
yFQtNMpEVfA-00038-00011185-00011476 4904 by Japanese amateur astronomer
yFQtNMpEVfA-00039-00011477-00011838 Koichi Adachi this LBV star exploded
yFQtNMpEVfA-00040-00011839-00012154 just two years later on October 11 2006
yFQtNMpEVfA-00041-00012155-00012838 as supernova SN 2006 Jesse
yFQtNMpEVfA-00042-00012838-00013191 topic references
yFQtNMpEVfA-00043-00013191-00013355 you
yFQtNMpEVfA-00044-00013356-00013562 you
yGZY-HEnFTk-00000-00000053-00000313 slavery in Niger involves a number of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00001-00000314-00000470 different practices which have been
yGZY-HEnFTk-00002-00000471-00000659 practiced in the Sahel region for many
yGZY-HEnFTk-00003-00000660-00000850 centuries and which persists to this day
yGZY-HEnFTk-00004-00000851-00001145 the Bornu Empire in the eastern part of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00005-00001146-00001307 Niger was an active part of the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00006-00001308-00001511 trans-saharan slave trade for hundreds
yGZY-HEnFTk-00007-00001512-00001768 of years other ethnic groups in the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00008-00001769-00001951 country similarly had a history of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00009-00001952-00002152 slavery although this varied and in some
yGZY-HEnFTk-00010-00002153-00002363 places slavery was largely limited to
yGZY-HEnFTk-00011-00002364-00002630 the political and economic elite when
yGZY-HEnFTk-00012-00002631-00002825 the French took control of the area they
yGZY-HEnFTk-00013-00002826-00002999 largely ignored the problem and only
yGZY-HEnFTk-00014-00003000-00003215 actively banned the trade in slaves but
yGZY-HEnFTk-00015-00003215-00003490 not the practices of slavery following
yGZY-HEnFTk-00016-00003492-00003647 independence many of the major
yGZY-HEnFTk-00017-00003647-00003854 slaveholders became prominent political
yGZY-HEnFTk-00018-00003854-00004065 leaders in both the multiparty democracy
yGZY-HEnFTk-00019-00004067-00004342 period and the military dictatorship
yGZY-HEnFTk-00020-00004343-00004688 1974 until 1991 and so the problem of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00021-00004689-00005054 slavery was largely ignored in 2003 with
yGZY-HEnFTk-00022-00005055-00005188 pressure from the anti-slavery
yGZY-HEnFTk-00023-00005189-00005413 organisation Tim a'dreea niger passed
yGZY-HEnFTk-00024-00005414-00005618 the first law in western Africa that
yGZY-HEnFTk-00025-00005619-00005872 criminalized slavery as a specific crime
yGZY-HEnFTk-00026-00005873-00006145 despite this slavery persists throughout
yGZY-HEnFTk-00027-00006146-00006299 the different ethnic groups in the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00028-00006300-00006457 country women are particularly
yGZY-HEnFTk-00029-00006458-00006752 vulnerable and a 2002 census confirmed
yGZY-HEnFTk-00030-00006753-00006998 the existence of 43,000 slaves and
yGZY-HEnFTk-00031-00006998-00007139 estimated that the total population
yGZY-HEnFTk-00032-00007140-00007430 could be over 800 70,000 people
yGZY-HEnFTk-00033-00007431-00007769 the landmark monavie Niger case was one
yGZY-HEnFTk-00034-00007770-00007955 of the first instances where a person
yGZY-HEnFTk-00035-00007956-00008128 won a judgment against the government of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00036-00008129-00008324 Niger in an international court for
yGZY-HEnFTk-00037-00008325-00008524 sanctioning her slave status in official
yGZY-HEnFTk-00038-00008525-00009089 decisions
yGZY-HEnFTk-00039-00009090-00009501 topic historical practices
yGZY-HEnFTk-00040-00009502-00009687 you
yGZY-HEnFTk-00041-00009688-00009939 slavery existed throughout what is today
yGZY-HEnFTk-00042-00009940-00010101 Niger and the region played a pivotal
yGZY-HEnFTk-00043-00010102-00010326 role in the trans-saharan slave trade
yGZY-HEnFTk-00044-00010327-00010614 for many centuries in some ethnic groups
yGZY-HEnFTk-00045-00010615-00010818 slavery became a significant phenomenon
yGZY-HEnFTk-00046-00010819-00011010 and made up a large part of the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00047-00011011-00011202 population in the economic production
yGZY-HEnFTk-00048-00011203-00011487 and trade in other areas slavery
yGZY-HEnFTk-00049-00011488-00011682 remained small and were only held by the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00050-00011683-00011819 elite in the communities
yGZY-HEnFTk-00051-00011820-00012096 however since political leaders often
yGZY-HEnFTk-00052-00012097-00012273 were slaveholders they presented a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00053-00012274-00012410 significant hurdle for French
yGZY-HEnFTk-00054-00012411-00012606 authorities when they colonized the area
yGZY-HEnFTk-00055-00012607-00013261 and in post independence Niger
yGZY-HEnFTk-00056-00013262-00013724 topic born ooh
yGZY-HEnFTk-00057-00013725-00013940 much of the east of present-day Niger
yGZY-HEnFTk-00058-00013941-00014144 was involved in a significant part of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00059-00014144-00014327 the trans-saharan slave trade with a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00060-00014328-00014525 route starting in cano and travelling
yGZY-HEnFTk-00061-00014526-00014744 through the rugged air mountains the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00062-00014744-00014944 Bornu Empire centered along this route
yGZY-HEnFTk-00063-00014946-00015152 became a prominent participant in the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00064-00015153-00015347 Arab slave trade prior to the Fulani
yGZY-HEnFTk-00065-00015347-00016508 jihad 1804 to 1800 817 steady before
yGZY-HEnFTk-00066-00016509-00016766 reaching its peak in the 1500s starting
yGZY-HEnFTk-00067-00016767-00017039 in the 1600s the Dukan Confederation a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00068-00017040-00017231 collection of pagan peoples began
yGZY-HEnFTk-00069-00017232-00017507 challenging the Bornu Empire the result
yGZY-HEnFTk-00070-00017508-00017738 was a series of retaliatory slave raids
yGZY-HEnFTk-00071-00017739-00017936 between the two powers with each feeding
yGZY-HEnFTk-00072-00017937-00018083 the slave trade to the coast
yGZY-HEnFTk-00073-00018084-00018275 the West African slave market for the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00074-00018276-00018476 Dukan and the north african markets for
yGZY-HEnFTk-00075-00018477-00018647 Bornu with the decline of the Bornu
yGZY-HEnFTk-00076-00018648-00018854 empire in the 17th and 18th centuries
yGZY-HEnFTk-00077-00018855-00019127 slaves became a more significant part of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00078-00019128-00019301 the domestic economy with the creation
yGZY-HEnFTk-00079-00019302-00019487 of both slave villages and slave
yGZY-HEnFTk-00080-00019488-00019646 plantations throughout the empire
yGZY-HEnFTk-00081-00019647-00019892 this occurred both because of the rise
yGZY-HEnFTk-00082-00019893-00020147 of the Sokoto Caliphate in the 1800s
yGZY-HEnFTk-00083-00020148-00020336 which increased the agricultural trade
yGZY-HEnFTk-00084-00020337-00020510 and introduced large-scale slave
yGZY-HEnFTk-00085-00020511-00020687 plantations to the region and as a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00086-00020688-00020918 result of exorbitant taxes leveled by
yGZY-HEnFTk-00087-00020919-00021077 the born new authorities which caused
yGZY-HEnFTk-00088-00021078-00021281 free people in the Empire to purchase
yGZY-HEnFTk-00089-00021282-00021521 slaves to increase output and pay taxes
yGZY-HEnFTk-00090-00021522-00021755 in terms of domestic use agricultural
yGZY-HEnFTk-00091-00021756-00022031 work figured the most prominently women
yGZY-HEnFTk-00092-00022032-00022241 were the highest value domestically to a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00093-00022242-00022427 large part because of cultural practices
yGZY-HEnFTk-00094-00022428-00022631 which dictated that only first
yGZY-HEnFTk-00095-00022632-00022796 generation slaves could earn their
yGZY-HEnFTk-00096-00022797-00022961 freedom and that the children of slaves
yGZY-HEnFTk-00097-00022962-00023099 never could become free
yGZY-HEnFTk-00098-00023100-00023357 as a result women of childbearing age
yGZY-HEnFTk-00099-00023358-00023582 whose children would all be slaves for
yGZY-HEnFTk-00100-00023583-00024248 life were particularly valuable
yGZY-HEnFTk-00101-00024249-00024810 topic other areas of Niger
yGZY-HEnFTk-00102-00024811-00025056 beginning in the 18th century but
yGZY-HEnFTk-00103-00025057-00025284 particularly in the 19th century the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00104-00025285-00025419 Sultanate of Demong
yGZY-HEnFTk-00105-00025420-00025593 okay today the present-day city of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00106-00025594-00025797 Zinder became a political rival to the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00107-00025798-00026106 Bornu Empire de maua was successful
yGZY-HEnFTk-00108-00026107-00026292 because it built a large mobile army
yGZY-HEnFTk-00109-00026293-00026477 able to protect trade routes and because
yGZY-HEnFTk-00110-00026479-00026643 they made alliances with the Tuareg
yGZY-HEnFTk-00111-00026644-00026811 leaders who had now become the primary
yGZY-HEnFTk-00112-00026812-00027066 power in the air mountains with these
yGZY-HEnFTk-00113-00027067-00027135 alliances
yGZY-HEnFTk-00114-00027136-00027345 zinder became a major power along the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00115-00027345-00027549 trans-saharan trade route from Connaught
yGZY-HEnFTk-00116-00027550-00027774 to tripoli in cairo Zinder combined
yGZY-HEnFTk-00117-00027775-00027975 populations from the khan yuri the major
yGZY-HEnFTk-00118-00027976-00028188 ethnic group of the Bornu empire the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00119-00028189-00028392 Hausa and the Tuareg and as a result
yGZY-HEnFTk-00120-00028393-00028602 developed slave practices which borrowed
yGZY-HEnFTk-00121-00028602-00028788 from all three to create a large slave
yGZY-HEnFTk-00122-00028789-00029007 population and varied institutions of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00123-00029008-00029073 slavery
yGZY-HEnFTk-00124-00029074-00029315 there were thus large populations of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00125-00029316-00029493 domestic and agricultural slaves
yGZY-HEnFTk-00126-00029494-00029694 borrowed from ken yuri customs the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00127-00029695-00029907 development of plantation slavery from
yGZY-HEnFTk-00128-00029908-00030099 house of practice and the development of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00129-00030100-00030302 separate slave communities from Tuareg
yGZY-HEnFTk-00130-00030304-00030614 practice slaves were not the only export
yGZY-HEnFTk-00131-00030616-00030783 commodity from the Sultanate but were
yGZY-HEnFTk-00132-00030783-00030995 crucial parts of the overall economic
yGZY-HEnFTk-00133-00030997-00031265 structure as the Sultanate increased in
yGZY-HEnFTk-00134-00031266-00031508 power the Sultan began to replace Nobles
yGZY-HEnFTk-00135-00031510-00031707 in his court with slave administrators
yGZY-HEnFTk-00136-00031708-00031883 which increased his ability to rule
yGZY-HEnFTk-00137-00031885-00032094 without interference by others elsewhere
yGZY-HEnFTk-00138-00032095-00032301 in Niger slavery was practiced in a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00139-00032302-00032595 variety of different ways in Mazar most
yGZY-HEnFTk-00140-00032595-00032757 eking regions in the west of Niger
yGZY-HEnFTk-00141-00032758-00032994 slavery provided the crucial workforce
yGZY-HEnFTk-00142-00032995-00033228 in agriculture it has been estimated
yGZY-HEnFTk-00143-00033229-00033519 that up to 75 percent of the population
yGZY-HEnFTk-00144-00033520-00033759 in these regions were slaves in 1904
yGZY-HEnFTk-00145-00033760-00033888 1905
yGZY-HEnFTk-00146-00033889-00034173 unlike demag remand born new regions any
yGZY-HEnFTk-00147-00034174-00034374 slave could be freed by their master ins
yGZY-HEnFTk-00148-00034375-00034701 ARMA practices in northern Nigerians of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00149-00034702-00034917 tahula and Agadez there are no signs of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00150-00034918-00035112 large-scale indigenous practices of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00151-00035113-00035301 slavery before the Tuareg entered the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00152-00035302-00035565 area in the 1800s since the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00153-00035566-00035727 light-skinned Tuareg x' were the only
yGZY-HEnFTk-00154-00035728-00035913 slave holders and the dark-skinned
yGZY-HEnFTk-00155-00035914-00036120 indigenous population was largely held
yGZY-HEnFTk-00156-00036121-00036300 in servitude the division of society
yGZY-HEnFTk-00157-00036301-00036573 between free and slaves adopted a racial
yGZY-HEnFTk-00158-00036574-00036804 division in these regions the most
yGZY-HEnFTk-00159-00036805-00037011 important Tuareg community were the Kelo
yGZY-HEnFTk-00160-00037012-00037173 ii who settled in the air' mountain
yGZY-HEnFTk-00161-00037174-00037392 region because of the rugged terrain
yGZY-HEnFTk-00162-00037393-00037602 with severe drought effects and because
yGZY-HEnFTk-00163-00037603-00037740 of their participation in the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00164-00037741-00037952 trans-saharan trade the Tuareg used a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00165-00037953-00038145 form of slavery where communities of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00166-00038146-00038238 slaves would tend
yGZY-HEnFTk-00167-00038239-00038445 animals in delimited agriculture and
yGZY-HEnFTk-00168-00038446-00038580 would be allowed to move freely around
yGZY-HEnFTk-00169-00038581-00038847 an area although these communities had
yGZY-HEnFTk-00170-00038848-00039051 some significant liberties their harvest
yGZY-HEnFTk-00171-00039052-00039255 products and children were closely
yGZY-HEnFTk-00172-00039256-00039450 controlled by a Tuareg Noble in the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00173-00039451-00039636 house of societies in central niger
yGZY-HEnFTk-00174-00039637-00039879 slavery was primarily practiced in royal
yGZY-HEnFTk-00175-00039880-00040085 courts and thus of a limited nature
yGZY-HEnFTk-00176-00040086-00040329 similarly in what is today the maratti
yGZY-HEnFTk-00177-00040330-00040536 region in central niger the maratti
yGZY-HEnFTk-00178-00040537-00040725 leaders were engaged in a long-running
yGZY-HEnFTk-00179-00040726-00040902 series of tensions with the Sokoto
yGZY-HEnFTk-00180-00040903-00041109 Caliphate involving slave raiding by
yGZY-HEnFTk-00181-00041110-00041195 both sides
yGZY-HEnFTk-00182-00041196-00041469 however the maratti mostly took slaves
yGZY-HEnFTk-00183-00041470-00041676 for ransom and domestic slavery was
yGZY-HEnFTk-00184-00041677-00041910 usually only used by the aristocracy and
yGZY-HEnFTk-00185-00041911-00042481 people of power
yGZY-HEnFTk-00186-00042482-00042919 topic French rule and independence
yGZY-HEnFTk-00187-00042920-00043082 you
yGZY-HEnFTk-00188-00043083-00043304 when the French took over the region in
yGZY-HEnFTk-00189-00043305-00043499 the early 1900s they had a policy
yGZY-HEnFTk-00190-00043500-00043808 banning the existence of slavery however
yGZY-HEnFTk-00191-00043809-00043996 local French administrators usually
yGZY-HEnFTk-00192-00043997-00044210 resisted pressure to abolish slavery
yGZY-HEnFTk-00193-00044211-00044405 from the colonial and metropolitan
yGZY-HEnFTk-00194-00044406-00044665 governments French administrators would
yGZY-HEnFTk-00195-00044666-00044876 take credit for abolishing slavery by
yGZY-HEnFTk-00196-00044877-00045046 simply ignoring its continued existence
yGZY-HEnFTk-00197-00045047-00045218 or claiming that the bonds were
yGZY-HEnFTk-00198-00045219-00045496 voluntary one local administrator
yGZY-HEnFTk-00199-00045497-00045780 justified such a policy by saying I do
yGZY-HEnFTk-00200-00045781-00046052 not think it is presently possible to
yGZY-HEnFTk-00201-00046053-00046358 eliminate slavery our civilization has
yGZY-HEnFTk-00202-00046359-00046540 not penetrated deeply enough for the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00203-00046541-00046754 natives both masters and slaves to
yGZY-HEnFTk-00204-00046755-00046939 understand and accept any measures
yGZY-HEnFTk-00205-00046940-00047114 towards the outright elimination of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00206-00047115-00047345 slavery the local colonial
yGZY-HEnFTk-00207-00047346-00047533 administrators did however carry out
yGZY-HEnFTk-00208-00047534-00047714 policies to put a stop to slave
yGZY-HEnFTk-00209-00047715-00047971 trafficking and slave markets during
yGZY-HEnFTk-00210-00047972-00048205 World War one in order to meet quotas of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00211-00048206-00048401 troops to the French army traditional
yGZY-HEnFTk-00212-00048402-00048583 Chiefs supplied slaves to the colonial
yGZY-HEnFTk-00213-00048584-00048848 administration in urban areas and
yGZY-HEnFTk-00214-00048849-00049067 settled communities with a strong French
yGZY-HEnFTk-00215-00049068-00049286 administrative presence slavery and
yGZY-HEnFTk-00216-00049287-00049495 forced servitude were gradually ended
yGZY-HEnFTk-00217-00049496-00049633 but in the rest of the country the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00218-00049634-00049840 practices remained active traditional
yGZY-HEnFTk-00219-00049841-00050039 Chiefs who had been major slave owners
yGZY-HEnFTk-00220-00050040-00050230 particularly in Tuareg communities
yGZY-HEnFTk-00221-00050231-00050437 became prominent leaders of the country
yGZY-HEnFTk-00222-00050438-00050699 after independence they held positions
yGZY-HEnFTk-00223-00050700-00050849 in government and were the leaders of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00224-00050850-00051032 many of the major parties during the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00225-00051033-00051244 brief multi-party period of the country
yGZY-HEnFTk-00226-00051245-00051466 these prominent positions of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00227-00051467-00051638 slaveholders continued during the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00228-00051639-00051838 military dictatorship where the regional
yGZY-HEnFTk-00229-00051839-00052025 Chiefs were relied upon for support of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00230-00052026-00052315 that government as a result slavery was
yGZY-HEnFTk-00231-00052316-00052463 largely an ignored issue by the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00232-00052464-00052630 government for the early decades of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00233-00052632-00053209 Independence
yGZY-HEnFTk-00234-00053210-00053578 topic modern slavery
yGZY-HEnFTk-00235-00053579-00053779 you
yGZY-HEnFTk-00236-00053779-00054018 slavery continues to exist in Niger
yGZY-HEnFTk-00237-00054019-00054267 today the most significant survey of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00238-00054268-00054478 slavery in Niger identified eleven
yGZY-HEnFTk-00239-00054479-00054630 thousand respondents throughout the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00240-00054631-00054801 country who were identified as being
yGZY-HEnFTk-00241-00054802-00055098 slaves using further responses from
yGZY-HEnFTk-00242-00055099-00055297 these a partial sample revealed forty
yGZY-HEnFTk-00243-00055298-00055516 three thousand slaves further
yGZY-HEnFTk-00244-00055516-00055728 extrapolating from this information and
yGZY-HEnFTk-00245-00055729-00055911 including the children of slaves the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00246-00055912-00056140 anti-slavery organisation Tim a'dreea
yGZY-HEnFTk-00247-00056141-00056335 estimated a possible total of eight
yGZY-HEnFTk-00248-00056336-00056526 hundred seventy thousand three hundred
yGZY-HEnFTk-00249-00056527-00056751 sixty three slaves both chattel slaves
yGZY-HEnFTk-00250-00056752-00057110 and passive slaves in Niger in 2002-2003
yGZY-HEnFTk-00251-00057111-00057421 the existence of slavery is not limited
yGZY-HEnFTk-00252-00057422-00057610 to a single ethnic group or region
yGZY-HEnFTk-00253-00057611-00057857 although it is more prominent in some a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00254-00057858-00058113 2005 report by the Convention on the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00255-00058114-00058269 elimination of all forms of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00256-00058270-00058476 discrimination against women found that
yGZY-HEnFTk-00257-00058477-00058741 slavery is a living reality among
yGZY-HEnFTk-00258-00058741-00058968 virtually all ethnic groups especially
yGZY-HEnFTk-00259-00058969-00059238 the Tuareg 's the Arabs and the nomadic
yGZY-HEnFTk-00260-00059239-00059529 Fulani and the report also identifies
yGZY-HEnFTk-00261-00059530-00059780 the Hausa anti-slavery international
yGZY-HEnFTk-00262-00059781-00060006 identifies three different types of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00263-00060007-00060243 slavery practiced in Niger today chattel
yGZY-HEnFTk-00264-00060244-00060585 slavery a milder form of slavery where
yGZY-HEnFTk-00265-00060586-00060784 former slaves are forced to give some of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00266-00060785-00060963 their crops to a former master and
yGZY-HEnFTk-00267-00060964-00061182 wa-hah a form of concubine edge in volva
yGZY-HEnFTk-00268-00061183-00061341 the purchase of young girls to do
yGZY-HEnFTk-00269-00061342-00061546 household chores and as sexual servants
yGZY-HEnFTk-00270-00061547-00061773 of their masters chattel slavery
yGZY-HEnFTk-00271-00061774-00061980 involves the direct ownership of an
yGZY-HEnFTk-00272-00061981-00062130 individual and there are limited
yGZY-HEnFTk-00273-00062131-00062353 examples of slave buying still occurring
yGZY-HEnFTk-00274-00062354-00062616 in Niger today more prominent as the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00275-00062617-00062835 second type of slavery sometimes called
yGZY-HEnFTk-00276-00062836-00063141 passive slavery where former slaves
yGZY-HEnFTk-00277-00063142-00063342 retain some tributary and forced labor
yGZY-HEnFTk-00278-00063343-00063581 relationship to former masters
yGZY-HEnFTk-00279-00063582-00063816 individual freedoms are still controlled
yGZY-HEnFTk-00280-00063817-00064026 in this form and people can be violently
yGZY-HEnFTk-00281-00064027-00064206 beaten or otherwise punished for
yGZY-HEnFTk-00282-00064207-00064428 disobeying former masters Lahiya is a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00283-00064429-00064632 unique form of slavery currently in
yGZY-HEnFTk-00284-00064633-00064854 practice in Niger in parts of Nigeria
yGZY-HEnFTk-00285-00064855-00065065 which involves the sale of young girls
yGZY-HEnFTk-00286-00065066-00065304 the majority before the age of 15 who
yGZY-HEnFTk-00287-00065305-00065463 are born into slavery in Tuareg
yGZY-HEnFTk-00288-00065464-00065659 communities and then sold to wealthy and
yGZY-HEnFTk-00289-00065660-00065832 prominent Hausa individuals as an
yGZY-HEnFTk-00290-00065833-00066138 unofficial fifth wife the women perform
yGZY-HEnFTk-00291-00066139-00066336 domestic duties for their master and the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00292-00066337-00066555 official wives as well as forced sexual
yGZY-HEnFTk-00293-00066556-00066792 relationship with the master they are
yGZY-HEnFTk-00294-00066793-00066975 considered fifth wives because they are
yGZY-HEnFTk-00295-00066976-00067161 in addition to the four wives
yGZY-HEnFTk-00296-00067162-00067376 can legally have in Niger according to
yGZY-HEnFTk-00297-00067377-00067563 Islamic tradition and are considered
yGZY-HEnFTk-00298-00067564-00067754 subservient to the official wives
yGZY-HEnFTk-00299-00067755-00067989 despite the name men can take multiple
yGZY-HEnFTk-00300-00067990-00068406 fifth wives although slavery is rare in
yGZY-HEnFTk-00301-00068407-00068607 urban environments social pressure and
yGZY-HEnFTk-00302-00068608-00068820 social prohibitions on marriages of the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00303-00068821-00068951 descendants of slaves with the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00304-00068952-00069150 descendants of free persons creates a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00305-00069151-00069360 caste system which separates people even
yGZY-HEnFTk-00306-00069361-00070047 where slavery no longer exists
yGZY-HEnFTk-00307-00070048-00070392 topic human trafficking
yGZY-HEnFTk-00308-00070393-00070571 you
yGZY-HEnFTk-00309-00070572-00070769 human trafficking has become an
yGZY-HEnFTk-00310-00070770-00070985 increasing problem in Niger in recent
yGZY-HEnFTk-00311-00070986-00071282 years for many years Niger was primarily
yGZY-HEnFTk-00312-00071283-00071501 a transit country for human trafficking
yGZY-HEnFTk-00313-00071502-00071663 but was limited as a source or
yGZY-HEnFTk-00314-00071664-00072005 destination country however in the 2000s
yGZY-HEnFTk-00315-00072006-00072158 when other routes saw increasing
yGZY-HEnFTk-00316-00072159-00072362 enforcement routes through Niger became
yGZY-HEnFTk-00317-00072363-00072575 more prominent and Niger also began to
yGZY-HEnFTk-00318-00072576-00072734 become a source country for human
yGZY-HEnFTk-00319-00072735-00072971 trafficking following this increasing
yGZY-HEnFTk-00320-00072972-00073208 problem Niger passed a law against human
yGZY-HEnFTk-00321-00073209-00073403 trafficking in 2010 and created
yGZY-HEnFTk-00322-00073404-00073586 high-level positions in the government
yGZY-HEnFTk-00323-00073587-00073748 in order to deal with the problem
yGZY-HEnFTk-00324-00073749-00074039 the 2011 United States Department of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00325-00074040-00074231 State report found that although Niger
yGZY-HEnFTk-00326-00074232-00074426 is making some progress on the issue of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00327-00074427-00074636 human trafficking but that the political
yGZY-HEnFTk-00328-00074637-00074843 and administrative situation following
yGZY-HEnFTk-00329-00074844-00075035 the 2010 coup prevented effective
yGZY-HEnFTk-00330-00075036-00075558 efforts
yGZY-HEnFTk-00331-00075559-00076119 topic laws against slavery
yGZY-HEnFTk-00332-00076120-00076329 although the constitution of niger
yGZY-HEnFTk-00333-00076330-00076545 declares all people equal there was no
yGZY-HEnFTk-00334-00076546-00076773 law specifically against slavery or any
yGZY-HEnFTk-00335-00076774-00076962 criminal offence for enslaving another
yGZY-HEnFTk-00336-00076963-00077226 human in niger until the 5th of May 2003
yGZY-HEnFTk-00337-00077227-00077655 the French directives of 1905 in 1920
yGZY-HEnFTk-00338-00077656-00077844 which were part of the new Geryon legal
yGZY-HEnFTk-00339-00077845-00078039 corpus after independence pertains
yGZY-HEnFTk-00340-00078040-00078219 solely to the slave trade and did not
yGZY-HEnFTk-00341-00078220-00078429 stop domestic servitude or hereditary
yGZY-HEnFTk-00342-00078430-00078789 slavery in 2003 the new law was passed
yGZY-HEnFTk-00343-00078790-00078975 which did criminalize slavery with a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00344-00078976-00079179 maximum prison sentence of up to 30
yGZY-HEnFTk-00345-00079180-00079404 years the law though does include
yGZY-HEnFTk-00346-00079405-00079632 systems of mediation between slaves and
yGZY-HEnFTk-00347-00079633-00079860 masters as a necessary first step in the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00348-00079861-00080205 process with this legislation Niger was
yGZY-HEnFTk-00349-00080206-00080421 the first country in West Africa to pass
yGZY-HEnFTk-00350-00080422-00080658 a law specifically pertaining to slavery
yGZY-HEnFTk-00351-00080659-00080859 and creating a criminal penalty for the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00352-00080860-00081060 offense two years later there was a plan
yGZY-HEnFTk-00353-00081061-00081237 for a significant number of public
yGZY-HEnFTk-00354-00081238-00081441 ceremonies where Tuareg slaveholders
yGZY-HEnFTk-00355-00081442-00081675 would formally free their slaves the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00356-00081676-00081870 government initially co-sponsored a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00357-00081871-00082083 prominent event in which ERISA lagom
yGZY-HEnFTk-00358-00082084-00082317 dugu a Tuareg chief in an eighth Atilla
yGZY-HEnFTk-00359-00082318-00082548 Barre department would free 7,000 of his
yGZY-HEnFTk-00360-00082549-00082848 slaves however apparently fearing bad
yGZY-HEnFTk-00361-00082849-00083019 publicity right before the event
yGZY-HEnFTk-00362-00083020-00083157 happened the government sent a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00363-00083158-00083337 delegation through the Tuareg areas
yGZY-HEnFTk-00364-00083338-00083502 threatening punishment for any public
yGZY-HEnFTk-00365-00083503-00083778 manumissions the government claimed that
yGZY-HEnFTk-00366-00083779-00083976 the public ceremony was changed because
yGZY-HEnFTk-00367-00083977-00084141 no one has enslaved in the country
yGZY-HEnFTk-00368-00084142-00084326 anymore so it was not necessary
yGZY-HEnFTk-00369-00084327-00084579 although AGGA Magda who had signed a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00370-00084580-00084756 pledge with Tim Adria that he would free
yGZY-HEnFTk-00371-00084757-00085002 these 7,000 slaves he instead said at
yGZY-HEnFTk-00372-00085003-00085206 the event that slavery doesn't exist in
yGZY-HEnFTk-00373-00085207-00085554 1/8 nobody has told me they have seen
yGZY-HEnFTk-00374-00085555-00085842 slaves if someone has slaves they must
yGZY-HEnFTk-00375-00085843-00086331 tell me
yGZY-HEnFTk-00376-00086332-00086904 topic monavie niger
yGZY-HEnFTk-00377-00086905-00087198 Monni v niger sometimes called a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00378-00087199-00087624 historic Ora landmark decision was a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00379-00087625-00087810 case in the Economic Community of West
yGZY-HEnFTk-00380-00087811-00088080 African states ECOWAS community court of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00381-00088081-00088239 justice which served as the first
yGZY-HEnFTk-00382-00088240-00088416 regional court decision to be heard on
yGZY-HEnFTk-00383-00088417-00088601 the issue of slavery in Africa
yGZY-HEnFTk-00384-00088602-00088854 according to urine burn our who is the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00385-00088855-00089100 head of ITU sees forced labor project
yGZY-HEnFTk-00386-00089101-00089346 the case set a regional standard in
yGZY-HEnFTk-00387-00089347-00089664 international human rights law the basis
yGZY-HEnFTk-00388-00089665-00089931 for the case was that in 1996 12
yGZY-HEnFTk-00389-00089932-00090159 year-old had a job to money Corral who
yGZY-HEnFTk-00390-00090160-00090354 had been born into slavery in a Tuareg
yGZY-HEnFTk-00391-00090355-00090516 community was sold for four hundred
yGZY-HEnFTk-00392-00090517-00090810 dollars to forty six-year-old LH a DJ
yGZY-HEnFTk-00393-00090811-00091149 Sulaiman Arguelles fifth wife under the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00394-00091150-00091341 Oaxaca custom over nine years of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00395-00091342-00091566 violence and forced sexual relations
yGZY-HEnFTk-00396-00091567-00091770 money gave birth to four children with
yGZY-HEnFTk-00397-00091771-00091830 Nora
yGZY-HEnFTk-00398-00091831-00092136 in 2005 nar was signed a formal document
yGZY-HEnFTk-00399-00092137-00092352 freeing money but then declared that she
yGZY-HEnFTk-00400-00092353-00092505 was his wife and prevented her from
yGZY-HEnFTk-00401-00092506-00092772 leaving his house money received an
yGZY-HEnFTk-00402-00092773-00092943 initial judgement freeing her from the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00403-00092944-00093198 marriage on the 20th of March 2006
yGZY-HEnFTk-00404-00093199-00093375 because the court declared there was
yGZY-HEnFTk-00405-00093376-00093570 never a religious ceremony marrying the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00406-00093571-00093831 two this ruling was then reversed at a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00407-00093832-00094023 higher level and the case moved all the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00408-00094024-00094266 way to the Supreme Court while the case
yGZY-HEnFTk-00409-00094267-00094335 was pending
yGZY-HEnFTk-00410-00094336-00094554 Monni remarried and Nara responded by
yGZY-HEnFTk-00411-00094555-00094749 filing a criminal complaint and getting
yGZY-HEnFTk-00412-00094750-00094917 her and her new husband convicted of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00413-00094918-00095121 bigamy with a sentence of six months in
yGZY-HEnFTk-00414-00095122-00095364 prison the court held that she was still
yGZY-HEnFTk-00415-00095365-00095553 legally married to Nora and used her
yGZY-HEnFTk-00416-00095554-00095775 slave status as a justification for the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00417-00095776-00096027 marriage in response to the charge of
yGZY-HEnFTk-00418-00096028-00096249 bigamy money filed charges against nar
yGZY-HEnFTk-00419-00096250-00096522 wa for slavery in 2007 and followed this
yGZY-HEnFTk-00420-00096523-00096717 with a petition to the ECOWAS court on
yGZY-HEnFTk-00421-00096718-00097008 the 14th of December 2007 asking them to
yGZY-HEnFTk-00422-00097009-00097239 find Niger in violation of the African
yGZY-HEnFTk-00423-00097240-00097428 Charter on Human and people's rights
yGZY-HEnFTk-00424-00097429-00097611 Niger's main argument was that the case
yGZY-HEnFTk-00425-00097612-00097806 was inadmissible to the ECOWAS court
yGZY-HEnFTk-00426-00097807-00097992 because domestic options had not been
yGZY-HEnFTk-00427-00097993-00098229 exhausted for remedying the situation in
yGZY-HEnFTk-00428-00098230-00098484 terms of the case Niger argued that
yGZY-HEnFTk-00429-00098485-00098685 although slavery still existed they had
yGZY-HEnFTk-00430-00098686-00098871 made gains against it and it was largely
yGZY-HEnFTk-00431-00098872-00099156 being limited the ECOWAS court found on
yGZY-HEnFTk-00432-00099157-00099435 the 27th of October 2008 that neither
yGZY-HEnFTk-00433-00099436-00099621 argument was sufficient and ruled for
yGZY-HEnFTk-00434-00099622-00099837 Monni ECOWAS rejected the domestic
yGZY-HEnFTk-00435-00099838-00100035 exhaustion standard for a case to be
yGZY-HEnFTk-00436-00100036-00100197 brought to it and used the Barcelona
yGZY-HEnFTk-00437-00100198-00100287 traction in turn
yGZY-HEnFTk-00438-00100288-00100449 National Court of Justice case as
yGZY-HEnFTk-00439-00100450-00100653 precedent to find that slavery required
yGZY-HEnFTk-00440-00100654-00100851 special attention by all organs of the
yGZY-HEnFTk-00441-00100852-00101112 state money was awarded twenty one
yGZY-HEnFTk-00442-00101113-00101286 thousand five hundred dollars in
yGZY-HEnFTk-00443-00101287-00101499 expenses in the case after the ruling
yGZY-HEnFTk-00444-00101500-00101664 the government of Niger said they
yGZY-HEnFTk-00445-00101665-00101847 accepted the ruling with a new Geryon
yGZY-HEnFTk-00446-00101848-00102039 government lawyer in the case announcing
yGZY-HEnFTk-00447-00102040-00102195 that the ruling has been made we have
yGZY-HEnFTk-00448-00102196-00102852 taken note of it and it will be applied
yGZY-HEnFTk-00449-00102853-00103476 topic social movements against slavery
yGZY-HEnFTk-00450-00103477-00103722 the main social movement dedicated to
yGZY-HEnFTk-00451-00103723-00103910 the issue of slavery and post slave
yGZY-HEnFTk-00452-00103911-00104139 discrimination in Niger as Tim Adria a
yGZY-HEnFTk-00453-00104140-00104364 non-governmental organization founded by
yGZY-HEnFTk-00454-00104365-00104507 ill Gilley's viola and other
yGZY-HEnFTk-00455-00104508-00104779 intellectuals on the 15th of May 1991
yGZY-HEnFTk-00456-00104780-00105081 it's name means fraternity or solidarity
yGZY-HEnFTk-00457-00105082-00105333 in Tama jack the organization holds
yGZY-HEnFTk-00458-00105333-00105564 regular congresses and organises a host
yGZY-HEnFTk-00459-00105565-00105753 of different events to raise prominence
yGZY-HEnFTk-00460-00105754-00105948 to the issue of slavery in Niger and
yGZY-HEnFTk-00461-00105949-00106583 fight for its eradication
yGZY-HEnFTk-00462-00106584-00106932 topic see also
yGZY-HEnFTk-00463-00106933-00107124 you
yGZY-HEnFTk-00464-00107125-00107469 human trafficking and Niger human rights
yGZY-HEnFTk-00465-00107470-00107901 in Niger slavery in Africa slavery in
yGZY-HEnFTk-00466-00107902-00108185 modern Africa
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00000-00000671-00000911 ecological niche modeling peacefully
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00001-00000911-00001310 session an example you should meet a by
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00002-00001311-00001787 Luis Escobar one of the challenges of a
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00003-00001788-00002129 collage attorneys modeling is the use of
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00004-00002130-00002363 models the management of data and the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00005-00002364-00002674 display of data in environmental space
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00006-00002675-00002933 studies are generally restricted to
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00007-00002934-00003542 thinking in Geographic dimensions more
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00008-00003543-00003811 software and tools are necessary to
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00009-00003813-00004222 think more in environmental dimensions
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00010-00004223-00004547 referring to environmental dimensions we
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00011-00004548-00004736 can think in a single environmental
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00012-00004737-00005021 dimensions one dimension for example
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00013-00005022-00005624 temperature here we have temperature the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00014-00005625-00005872 range of temperature in terms of the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00015-00005873-00006197 occurrence points the ecological niche
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00016-00006198-00006513 model and the environmental background
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00017-00006514-00007045 industry area or a region in the BAM
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00018-00007047-00007478 diagram these kind of plots can be done
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00019-00007479-00007736 in each a software that is the base of
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00020-00007737-00008258 this presentation this is a model done
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00021-00008259-00008567 in two dimensions we have three species
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00022-00008568-00008795 here one in the center in the north
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00023-00008796-00009184 center in the south and in the north
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00024-00009185-00009650 denoted as convex hulls and they are
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00025-00009651-00009950 displayed in the background or the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00026-00009951-00010228 environmental space a bill for this
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00027-00010229-00010694 business we can also work in multiple
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00028-00010695-00010778 dimensions
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00029-00010779-00011131 these are plots showing three dimensions
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00030-00011132-00011501 ellipsoids of trees pieces or the models
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00031-00011502-00011801 of tree species in the environmental
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00032-00011802-00012080 background or the cloud of environmental
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00033-00012081-00012364 conditions available for the species and
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00034-00012365-00012871 here we have two lineages of a species
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00035-00012872-00013222 that shows also the overlap our the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00036-00013223-00013802 similarity of the tamales
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00037-00013803-00014118 this plot shows the occurrence points of
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00038-00014119-00014363 one species three populations of the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00039-00014365-00014724 same species which can be also be
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00040-00014725-00014946 displayed in the environmental space
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00041-00014947-00015213 just in two dimensions or three
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00042-00015213-00015753 dimensions see that when you are a third
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00043-00015754-00016188 dimension all the overlap that you can
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00044-00016188-00016524 see in two dimensions disappears so
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00045-00016525-00016746 these pieces do not overlap when more
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00046-00016747-00017484 dimensions are included in each a this
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00047-00017485-00017964 is the story of niche a it was developed
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00048-00017965-00018273 by huge EHL when he was doing a
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00049-00018274-00018771 postdoctoral work in Petersons and
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00050-00018772-00018990 sovereign's laboratories in the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00051-00018991-00019323 university of kansas the idea was to
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00052-00019324-00019821 develop offer or a method to develop in
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00053-00019822-00020195 bei a butyl species in different
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00054-00020196-00020553 environmental scenarios and link the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00055-00020554-00020817 geographic space with the environmental
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00056-00020818-00021423 space the project was concluded in 2016
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00057-00021424-00021647 with the publication of the paper that
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00058-00021648-00021975 proposes niche a software to work with
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00059-00021976-00022233 real and virtual species in multiple
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00060-00022234-00022431 real or built to a beautiful
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00061-00022432-00022632 environmental scenarios linking
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00062-00022633-00022982 geography and environmental dimensions
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00063-00022983-00023229 the Otto's the authors of that
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00064-00023230-00023574 publications are you Chicho Thomson
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00065-00023575-00023880 Peterson Lindsay Campbell for his
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00066-00023881-00024363 overall Legion G illnesses kawar in the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00067-00024364-00024774 journal eco graphic the potential users
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00068-00024775-00025089 of mich a are for example managers that
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00069-00025090-00025317 need to develop ecological niche models
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00070-00025318-00025634 to technicians and need a correct
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00071-00025635-00025782 interpretation of demolished in
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00072-00025783-00026136 environmental space also researchers
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00073-00026137-00026424 that develop theory and methods for
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00074-00026425-00026696 ecological niche models and are advances
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00075-00026697-00026851 in the theory
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00076-00026852-00027399 or teachers or professors that want to
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00077-00027400-00027771 show ecological niche theory to
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00078-00027772-00028135 undergraduate or graduate students or
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00079-00028136-00028602 also users that work in these three
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00080-00028602-00029074 scenarios things that we can do with
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00081-00029075-00029317 niche a include the development of an
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00082-00029318-00029545 environmental space that we call the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00083-00029545-00029970 background cloud create a species niche
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00084-00029972-00030299 based on data that we can invent or
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00085-00030300-00030687 simulate or species information from
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00086-00030688-00031030 icarus points we can also project that
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00087-00031031-00031371 information to develop models in other
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00088-00031372-00031920 software like Max and we call we can see
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00089-00031922-00032182 the max and outputs or the outputs of
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00090-00032183-00032536 Hotel algorithms in which a and we can
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00091-00032537-00032764 evaluate the models using classic or
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00092-00032764-00033361 novel evaluation tools then after model
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00093-00033362-00033558 evaluation and model selection we can
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00094-00033559-00033901 develop thresholds to see again the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00095-00033902-00034417 final models in each page to create the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00096-00034418-00034749 background or the environmental space we
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00097-00034750-00034974 can use original variables that
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00098-00034975-00035251 sometimes you need to standardize for a
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00099-00035252-00035482 better visualization for example
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00100-00035483-00035862 temperature or precipitation or remote
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00101-00035863-00036130 sensing data or you can develop a
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00102-00036131-00036477 principal component analysis to reduce
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00103-00036478-00036693 the number and correlation between the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00104-00036694-00036982 original variables we will not discuss
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00105-00036983-00037387 principal component analysis here the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00106-00037388-00037605 use of original variables for example
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00107-00037606-00037930 sometimes show clusters of information
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00108-00037931-00038236 when variables are correlated so
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00109-00038237-00038458 sometimes you will need to develop a
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00110-00038459-00038649 variable standardization or
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00111-00038650-00038980 normalization to have a better display
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00112-00038981-00039354 of the background
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00113-00039355-00039711 this shows a three dimensional
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00114-00039712-00040014 background
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00115-00040015-00040507 you can also develop a niche model based
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00116-00040508-00040981 on a meters physiological parameters of
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00117-00040982-00041176 tolerances to different variables like
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00118-00041177-00041626 temperature or precipitation you can
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00119-00041627-00042001 develop models in each a based on models
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00120-00042002-00042178 from motive ecological niche modeling
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00121-00042179-00042532 algorithms like max set or GARP you can
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00122-00042533-00042691 develop your own models based on
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00123-00042692-00043059 occurrences using convex polyhedron or
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00124-00043060-00043189 minimum volume
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00125-00043190-00043699 ellipsoids you can design barriers in
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00126-00043700-00044005 geographical space and they'll see how
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00127-00044006-00044289 that applies to the environmental space
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00128-00044290-00044904 you can use occurrences and you can
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00129-00044905-00045370 import ellipsoids from other studies
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00130-00045371-00045877 using niche a if you want to download
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00131-00045878-00046279 and learn more about niche a please go
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00132-00046280-00046567 to this website where you can find all
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00133-00046568-00046825 the information necessary related to the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00134-00046826-00047143 theory and use of the niche based
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00135-00047144-00047608 software fears if you would like to
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00136-00047609-00048199 install which a go to programs and check
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00137-00048200-00048592 the Java versions that you have we
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00138-00048593-00048931 suggest to uninstall all the Java you
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00139-00048932-00049369 have in order to add a new Java that can
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00140-00049370-00050251 handle three dimensions different
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00141-00050252-00050476 steps that you need to follow are in the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00142-00050477-00050629 website in which you can learn more
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00143-00050630-00050877 about niche a and how they niche a
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00144-00050878-00051291 environment works and the different
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00145-00051292-00051688 applications of each a here for example
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00146-00051689-00052029 you can see that we provide a mirror
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00147-00052030-00052573 site to download the Java package you
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00148-00052574-00052959 will need to work with me today and also
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00149-00052960-00053290 the different versions of for Mitch a
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00150-00053291-00053901 for Windows for Mac or for Linux so you
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00151-00053902-00054229 can download and install Java as the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00152-00054229-00054550 first step to install me chain and
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00153-00054551-00054871 install our and install the different
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00154-00054872-00055186 packages of our in order to make
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00155-00055187-00055828 analysis and display data we suggest to
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00156-00055829-00056342 copy the directory or the path to our
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00157-00056344-00056826 this is an example of the path to room
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00158-00056827-00057400 are directly from Mitch pay copy that
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00159-00057401-00057879 path and save it then download and
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00160-00057880-00058254 establish a port into the Windows
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00161-00058255-00058605 version or the operating system that you
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00162-00058607-00059031 have in your computer generally it takes
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00163-00059032-00059478 just a few minutes to download each a
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00164-00059479-00059955 install each a and open for example in
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00165-00059957-00060694 each a dot back Mitch a by default is in
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00166-00060695-00060994 style in Program Files we are currently
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00167-00060995-00061563 in version 3.0 one of which a route
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00168-00061564-00061948 click and image a robot to open this
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00169-00061949-00062331 window and see if you already have the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00170-00062332-00062504 different paths to the different
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00171-00062505-00062916 software that work with each a including
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00172-00062916-00063238 our
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00173-00063239-00063557 if for some reason mitch has a problem
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00174-00063558-00063878 you are going to see this message once
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00175-00063879-00064412 you open which a so just click OK and
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00176-00064413-00064679 you will see the image is failing to
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00177-00064679-00065228 link with our so if you remember the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00178-00065229-00065486 path just paste the path in the our
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00179-00065487-00066410 script path in which a click OK and you
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00180-00066411-00066703 will be able to work in the Mitch
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00181-00066704-00067349 environment you can change from black to
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00182-00067350-00067760 white a scenario and also you can use
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00183-00067761-00068044 your mouse to interact with them each a
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00184-00068045-00068378 space for example you can rotate the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00185-00068379-00068804 scenario more than your mouse click in
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00186-00068805-00069976 the left bottom
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00187-00069977-00070599 [Music]
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00188-00070600-00072551 [Music]
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00189-00072552-00072908 and rotate their scenario for a good
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00190-00072909-00073253 inspection of your data you can zoom in
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00191-00073254-00073637 and zoom all your data by using the left
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00192-00073638-00073961 click of your mouse moving it up and
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00193-00073962-00075515 down
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00194-00075516-00075781 finally you can move this enjoyed of the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00195-00075782-00076136 scenario by using the right click of
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00196-00076137-00076507 your mouse and press out and move your
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00197-00076508-00078392 mouse
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00198-00078393-00078705 can create your own background by
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00199-00078706-00078888 developing a principal component
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00200-00078889-00079335 analysis of your original environmental
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00201-00079336-00079854 variables using R which can be done
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00202-00079855-00080283 directly using each a fierce go-to tool
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00203-00080284-00080520 box background principal component
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00204-00080521-00081390 analysis you will see this window and in
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00205-00081391-00081699 this window you need to add the original
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00206-00081700-00081891 variables to estimate the principal
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00207-00081892-00082179 component the principal components if
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00208-00082180-00082488 you want to transfer the principal
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00209-00082489-00082740 component to future climate conditions
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00210-00082741-00082962 or different geographic areas you need
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00211-00082963-00083241 to select the different geographic areas
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00212-00083242-00083520 or the different periods here using the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00213-00083521-00083781 same names of the rosters you will use
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00214-00083782-00084116 for the present day
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00215-00084117-00084861 adora add your rosters you will see a
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00216-00084862-00085074 window like this with the folder of the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00217-00085075-00085389 original variables select the variables
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00218-00085390-00085617 you want to use they should be in TIF
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00219-00085618-00086436 file or ask if I select using shift open
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00220-00086437-00087096 them and then if you don't have future
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00221-00087097-00087347 climates that you would like to explore
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00222-00087348-00087749 don't select anything here
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00223-00087750-00088217 save select a folder to save your data
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00224-00088218-00088542 save it check that is the correct path
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00225-00088543-00089031 and click OK then R will develop the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00226-00089032-00089235 principal component analysis using your
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00227-00089236-00089586 rosters and oh no we have a mistake here
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00228-00089587-00089961 there is an error this window is empty
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00229-00089962-00090276 which shows that something is wrong it
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00230-00090277-00090531 could be the Juden have our installed
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00231-00090532-00090678 correctly or that there are some
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00232-00090679-00090861 packages in our that you were unable to
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00233-00090862-00091161 start correctly so you could go to the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00234-00091162-00091361 tool shooting in which
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00235-00091362-00091930 a or go to the folder would you have the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00236-00091931-00092216 outputs and you should have something
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00237-00092217-00092476 like this in which you have an our
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00238-00092477-00092834 script of the analysis open that in R
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00239-00092835-00093206 you can check what's going on in our
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00240-00093207-00093538 directly in this case you don't have
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00241-00093539-00093892 enough memory to develop the analysis
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00242-00093893-00094241 maybe your computer is small and you
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00243-00094242-00094514 have big rosters so the first option is
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00244-00094515-00094943 to buy your computer or increase the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00245-00094944-00095204 memory of your computer following
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00246-00095205-00095668 instructions in niche a website great
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00247-00095669-00096044 now the analysis are performing well and
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00248-00096045-00096311 you can see the results from the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00249-00096312-00096620 principal components you can also check
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00250-00096621-00096863 the folder with the results and you can
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00251-00096864-00097232 see all the different new components
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00252-00097233-00097457 from the original rosters and you can
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00253-00097458-00097642 see a summary of the information in the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00254-00097643-00098024 HTML and you can see a folder named
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00255-00098025-00098294 bathroom that you need to use to develop
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00256-00098295-00099044 your environmental cloud in J so go to
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00257-00099045-00099515 niche a go to tools background data drop
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00258-00099516-00099737 background from cloud if you are going
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00259-00099738-00099878 to use the folder from the principal
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00260-00099879-00100201 components or select in the individual
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00261-00100202-00100751 files using this option so if you will
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00262-00100752-00100985 open the folder go to the folder of the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00263-00100986-00101407 PCA open the bathroom folder and you
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00264-00101408-00102068 will see this click OK and you are able
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00265-00102069-00102527 you are ready to work image a this is
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00266-00102528-00102709 the environmental space from the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00267-00102710-00103108 backroom folder which means that you
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00268-00103109-00103258 have three principal components
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00269-00103259-00103516 principal component one two and three
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00270-00103517-00103759 you can develop a model using original
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00271-00103760-00104233 occurrences going to tool toolbox niche
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00272-00104234-00104474 simulation and generate a niche from
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00273-00104475-00104610 occurrences
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00274-00104611-00104872 go to select the folder where you have
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00275-00104873-00105157 the CSV geographic coordinates for your
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00276-00105158-00105574 species in this case my a species name
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00277-00105575-00105768 is Guatemala
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00278-00105769-00106297 select the folder to save it check that
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00279-00106298-00106633 everything is correct click OK and you
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00280-00106633-00106897 will be able to open the new file going
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00281-00106898-00107272 to file open niche and then select the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00282-00107273-00107938 folder that mission creates and you will
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00283-00107939-00108103 see that this folder contains these
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00284-00108104-00108639 different files one PNG of the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00285-00108640-00108981 occurrences of the species in and also
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00286-00108982-00109233 TIFF file with the occurrences of the
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00287-00109234-00109447 species that you can open in a GIS
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00288-00109448-00109747 software you can also have the origin
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00289-00109748-00109993 you can also see the original geographic
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00290-00109994-00110272 coordinates and the new coordinates that
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00291-00110273-00110569 niche is generating in environmental
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00292-00110570-00110964 space you will see three core 3
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00293-00110965-00111435 coordinates for each point in terms of
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00294-00111436-00111721 component one component to component 3
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00295-00111722-00112061 for example of the environmental space
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00296-00112063-00112375 open the folder and you will be able to
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00297-00112376-00112624 select the color of the points in this
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00298-00112625-00112954 case red the convex polyhedron in this
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00299-00112955-00113155 case green and the minimum volume
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00300-00113156-00113653 episode in this case blue which you can
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00301-00113654-00114229 see here you can also hide the minimum
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00302-00114230-00114418 volume ellipsoid to see only the convex
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00303-00114419-00115127 school
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00304-00115128-00115558 be sure to check the website for more
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00305-00115559-00115789 information about the visit different
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00306-00115790-00116000 functions and different tools that you
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00307-00116001-00116302 can use in which a how to install each a
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00308-00116303-00116720 on how to solve questions the main
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00309-00116721-00116957 questions are the mayor the main errors
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00310-00116958-00117344 that users can have a are summarized
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00311-00117345-00117633 here infrequent frequent asked questions
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00312-00117634-00118554 section
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00313-00118555-00118993 this course will include a sample data
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00314-00118994-00119371 set so you can open a background folder
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00315-00119372-00119782 and open a set of occurence points in
yHuwtS-Ty5E-00316-00119783-00120268 each day thank you
yIaPrxlsNLg-00000-00000031-00000125 [Music]
yIaPrxlsNLg-00001-00000126-00001773 foreign
yIaPrxlsNLg-00002-00001773-00003719 [Music]
yIaPrxlsNLg-00003-00003720-00003875 foreign
yIaPrxlsNLg-00004-00003876-00004142 [Music]
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00000-00000052-00000336 neutron capture as a nuclear reaction in
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00001-00000337-00000534 which an atomic nucleus and one or more
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00002-00000535-00000749 neutrons collide and merge to form a
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00003-00000750-00000852 heavier nucleus
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00004-00000852-00001094 since neutrons have no electric charge
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00005-00001095-00001308 they can enter a nucleus more easily
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00006-00001309-00001542 than positively charged protons which
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00007-00001543-00001743 are repelled electrostatically neutron
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00008-00001744-00001938 capture plays an important role in the
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00009-00001939-00002124 cosmic nucleosynthesis of heavy elements
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00010-00002125-00002472 in stars it can proceed in two ways as a
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00011-00002473-00002745 rapid art process or a slow process as
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00012-00002746-00003126 process nuclei of masses greater than 56
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00013-00003127-00003281 cannot be formed by thermonuclear
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00014-00003282-00003572 reactions ie by nuclear fusion but can
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00015-00003573-00003872 be formed by Neutron capture Neutron
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00016-00003873-00004110 capture on protons yields a line at two
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00017-00004111-00004350 point two to three MeV predicted and
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00018-00004351-00005152 commonly observed in solar flares
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00019-00005153-00005482 topic neutron capture at small Neutron
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00020-00005483-00005876 flux
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00021-00005877-00006146 at small Neutron flux as in a nuclear
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00022-00006147-00006377 reactor a single Neutron is captured by
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00023-00006378-00006730 a nucleus for example when natural gold
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00024-00006731-00007052 197 au is irradiated by neutrons the
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00025-00007053-00007348 isotope 198o is formed in a highly
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00026-00007350-00007553 excited state and quickly decays to the
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00027-00007554-00007829 ground state of 198o by the emission of
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00028-00007830-00008105 gamma rays in this process the mass
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00029-00008106-00008345 number increases by one this is written
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00030-00008346-00008819 as a formula in the form 197 o+ n 198o
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00031-00008820-00009179 plus gamma or in short form 197 O and
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00032-00009180-00009602 gamma 198o if thermal neutrons are used
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00033-00009603-00009838 the process is called thermal capture
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00034-00009839-00010229 the isotope 198o as a beta emitter that
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00035-00010230-00010583 decays into the mercury isotope 198 hg
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00036-00010584-00010901 in this process the atomic number rises
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00037-00010902-00011421 by one
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00038-00011422-00011733 topic neutron capture at high Neutron
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00039-00011734-00012131 flux
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00040-00012132-00012416 the art process happens inside stars if
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00041-00012417-00012620 the neutron flux density is so high that
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00042-00012621-00012860 the atomic nucleus has no time to decay
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00043-00012861-00013058 via beta emission in between Neutron
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00044-00013059-00013376 captures the mass number therefore rises
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00045-00013377-00013559 by a large amount while the atomic
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00046-00013560-00013786 number ie the element stays the same
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00047-00013787-00014047 only afterwards the highly unstable
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00048-00014049-00014272 nuclei decay via many beta minus decay
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00049-00014274-00014540 stass stable or unstable nuclei of high
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00050-00014541-00015133 atomic number
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00051-00015134-00015711 topic capture cross-section
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00052-00015712-00015966 the absorption neutron cross-section of
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00053-00015966-00016166 an isotope of a chemical element as the
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00054-00016168-00016386 effective cross-sectional area that an
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00055-00016387-00016563 atom of that isotope presents to
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00056-00016564-00016728 absorption and as a measure of the
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00057-00016729-00017004 probability of neutron capture it is
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00058-00017005-00017358 usually measured in Barnsby absorption
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00059-00017359-00017574 cross section is often highly dependent
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00060-00017575-00017841 on Neutron energy as a generality the
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00061-00017842-00018060 likelihood of absorption is proportional
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00062-00018061-00018210 to the time the neutron is in the
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00063-00018211-00018489 vicinity of the nucleus the time spent
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00064-00018490-00018657 in the vicinity of the nucleus is
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00065-00018658-00018849 inversely proportional to the relative
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00066-00018850-00019064 velocity between the neutron and nucleus
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00067-00019065-00019368 other more specific issues modified this
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00068-00019369-00019572 general principle two of the most
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00069-00019573-00019764 commonly specified measures are the
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00070-00019765-00019935 cross section for thermal Neutron
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00071-00019936-00020133 absorption and resonance integral which
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00072-00020134-00020349 considers the contribution of absorption
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00073-00020350-00020492 Peaks at certain Neutron energies
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00074-00020493-00020783 specific to a particular nuclide usually
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00075-00020784-00020969 above the thermal range but encountered
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00076-00020970-00021186 as Neutron moderation slows the neutron
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00077-00021187-00021483 down from an original high energy the
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00078-00021484-00021702 thermal energy of the nucleus also has
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00079-00021703-00021930 an effect as temperatures rise Doppler
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00080-00021931-00022097 broadening increases the chance of
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00081-00022098-00022371 catching a resonance peak in particular
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00082-00022372-00022689 the increase in uranium-238 the ability
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00083-00022690-00022842 to absorb neutrons at higher
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00084-00022843-00023000 temperatures and to do so without
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00085-00023001-00023169 fissioning is a negative feedback
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00086-00023170-00023337 mechanism that helps keep nuclear
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00087-00023338-00023997 reactors under control
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00088-00023998-00024610 topic thermochemical significance
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00089-00024611-00024838 neutron capture is involved in the
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00090-00024839-00025027 formation of isotopes of chemical
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00091-00025028-00025300 elements as a consequence of this fact
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00092-00025301-00025519 the energy of neutron capture intervenes
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00093-00025520-00025722 in the standard enthalpy of formation of
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00094-00025723-00026302 isotopes
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00095-00026304-00026808 topic uses
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00096-00026808-00027083 neutron activation analysis can be used
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00097-00027085-00027239 to remotely detect the chemical
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00098-00027241-00027527 composition of materials this is because
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00099-00027529-00027668 different elements release different
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00100-00027669-00027867 characteristic radiation when they
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00101-00027868-00028167 absorb neutrons this makes it useful in
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00102-00028168-00028332 many fields related to mineral
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00103-00028333-00028995 exploration and security
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00104-00028997-00029569 topic Neutron absorbers
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00105-00029570-00029818 the most important neutron absorber as
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00106-00029819-00030187 10 B as 1 OB 4c in control rods or boric
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00107-00030188-00030474 acid as a coolant water additive in PWRs
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00108-00030475-00030769 other important Neutron absorbers that
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00109-00030770-00030988 are used in nuclear reactors are xenon
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00110-00030989-00031258 cadmium hafnium gadolinium cobalt
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00111-00031258-00031549 samarium titanium dysprosium erbium
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00112-00031550-00031810 europium molybdenum and ytterbium all of
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00113-00031811-00031995 which usually consist of mixtures of
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00114-00031997-00032230 various isotopes some of which are
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00115-00032231-00032512 excellent Neutron absorbers these also
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00116-00032513-00032776 occur in combinations such as mode 2 B 5
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00117-00032777-00033037 hafnium D boride titanium die boride
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00118-00033038-00033253 dysprosium titanate and gadolinium
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00119-00033254-00033589 titanate hafnium one of the last stable
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00120-00033590-00033778 elements to be discovered presents an
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00121-00033779-00034051 interesting case even though hafnium is
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00122-00034052-00034231 a heavier element its electron
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00123-00034232-00034408 configuration makes it practically
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00124-00034409-00034600 identical with the elements or cone ium
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00125-00034601-00034747 and they are always found in the same
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00126-00034748-00035008 ores however their nuclear properties
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00127-00035009-00035287 are different in a profound way hafnium
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00128-00035288-00035617 absorbs neutrons avidly HF absorbs 600
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00129-00035618-00035848 times more than Zr and it can be used in
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00130-00035849-00035983 reactor control rods
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00131-00035984-00036193 whereas natural zirconium is practically
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00132-00036194-00036532 transparent to neutrons so Zarko neum is
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00133-00036533-00036766 a very desirable construction material
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00134-00036767-00036988 for reactor internal parts including the
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00135-00036989-00037186 metallic cladding of the fuel rods which
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00136-00037187-00037396 contain either uranium plutonium or
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00137-00037397-00037612 mixed oxides of the two elements MOX
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00138-00037613-00037927 fuel hence it is quite important to be
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00139-00037928-00038107 able to separate the zirconium from the
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00140-00038108-00038272 hafnium in their naturally occurring
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00141-00038273-00038479 alloy this can only be done
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00142-00038480-00038701 inexpensively by using modern chemical
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00143-00038702-00039019 ion exchange resins similar resins are
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00144-00039020-00039262 also used in reprocessing nuclear fuel
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00145-00039263-00039472 rods when it is necessary to separate
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00146-00039473-00039679 uranium and plutonium and sometimes
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00147-00039680-00040234 thorium
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00148-00040235-00040768 topic see also
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00149-00040769-00041266 beta decay induced radioactivity list of
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00150-00041267-00041695 particles neutron emission radioactive
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00151-00041696-00042178 decay raise Alpha Beta Gamma Delta
yLM5Qd4UwU4-00152-00042179-00042754 Epsilon P process proton capture
yNgI5JqD-74-00000-00000507-00002007 [Music]
yNgI5JqD-74-00001-00002009-00002343 [Applause]
yNgI5JqD-74-00004-00011284-00011643 foreign
yNgI5JqD-74-00005-00011644-00012683 [Music]
yNgI5JqD-74-00006-00012684-00012880 foreign
yNgI5JqD-74-00007-00012881-00015483 [Music]
yNgI5JqD-74-00008-00015484-00015755 so
yNgI5JqD-74-00010-00026460-00026683 [Music]
yNgI5JqD-74-00011-00026683-00028083 foreign
yNgI5JqD-74-00015-00055208-00057412 [Music]
yNgI5JqD-74-00020-00123795-00125489 [Music]
yNgI5JqD-74-00021-00125490-00126083 [Music]
yNgI5JqD-74-00024-00137284-00138683 foreign
yNgI5JqD-74-00027-00149952-00151631 video
yNgI5JqD-74-00028-00151632-00151840 you
yNFWq43Cnzk-00000-00001416-00004283 [Music]
yNFWq43Cnzk-00001-00004284-00004558 so
yNFWq43Cnzk-00003-00008484-00008672 so
yNFWq43Cnzk-00004-00008673-00009883 [Music]
yNFWq43Cnzk-00005-00009884-00010044 so
yNFWq43Cnzk-00006-00010045-00012367 [Music]
yNFWq43Cnzk-00007-00012368-00012575 you
ypaJy3NtgXY-00000-00000000-00000233 hey everyone the name is earth torn this
ypaJy3NtgXY-00001-00000234-00000434 is three methods to figuring out your
ypaJy3NtgXY-00002-00000434-00000614 personality type so if you took the
ypaJy3NtgXY-00003-00000615-00000790 sixteen personalities test and you're
ypaJy3NtgXY-00004-00000791-00000947 having doubts okay which personality
ypaJy3NtgXY-00005-00000948-00001154 type am i I can see myself in several
ypaJy3NtgXY-00006-00001155-00001319 the first thing you want to do is you
ypaJy3NtgXY-00007-00001320-00001504 want to write down which personnel types
ypaJy3NtgXY-00008-00001505-00001766 you could see yourself as now what I
ypaJy3NtgXY-00009-00001767-00002075 call what I do is I triangulate type so
ypaJy3NtgXY-00010-00002076-00002429 I see a person on a spectrum so I see
ypaJy3NtgXY-00011-00002430-00002743 people being in between a group of three
ypaJy3NtgXY-00012-00002744-00002968 personality types that means for example
ypaJy3NtgXY-00013-00002969-00003233 for myself I tend to investigate myself
ypaJy3NtgXY-00014-00003234-00003317 as either being
ypaJy3NtgXY-00015-00003318-00003686 enfj infj or INFP that means I tend to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00016-00003686-00003913 see myself moving in that spectrum that
ypaJy3NtgXY-00017-00003914-00004166 means during my times of highs I tend to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00018-00004167-00004427 go into the persona of an ENFJ and
ypaJy3NtgXY-00019-00004428-00004700 during my times of low I tend to go into
ypaJy3NtgXY-00020-00004701-00004916 more of a role of a 9fp and that means I
ypaJy3NtgXY-00021-00004917-00005131 can kind of take on all these behavioral
ypaJy3NtgXY-00022-00005132-00005333 traits and I can kind of see myself in
ypaJy3NtgXY-00023-00005334-00005501 these types to an extent that I can
ypaJy3NtgXY-00024-00005502-00005720 identify with their values passions and
ypaJy3NtgXY-00025-00005721-00006043 what they are doing so how I find out my
ypaJy3NtgXY-00026-00006044-00006247 personality type is I try to see what is
ypaJy3NtgXY-00027-00006248-00006470 the middle option because often the
ypaJy3NtgXY-00028-00006470-00006755 middle way option is the closest to your
ypaJy3NtgXY-00029-00006756-00006941 own personal type if you see yourself as
ypaJy3NtgXY-00030-00006942-00007334 a either an INTP an intp or 9tj most
ypaJy3NtgXY-00031-00007334-00007523 likely you're an INTP and that's just
ypaJy3NtgXY-00032-00007523-00007723 how it goes you look at and you can see
ypaJy3NtgXY-00033-00007725-00007913 yourself from these different sides you
ypaJy3NtgXY-00034-00007914-00008045 can recognize you have different sides
ypaJy3NtgXY-00035-00008045-00008303 to yourself nobody is always the one
ypaJy3NtgXY-00036-00008304-00008501 personality type they come off as on a
ypaJy3NtgXY-00037-00008502-00008726 personality test and sometimes you're
ypaJy3NtgXY-00038-00008727-00008878 gonna be a different personality type
ypaJy3NtgXY-00039-00008879-00009056 than what you test us on a personality
ypaJy3NtgXY-00040-00009057-00009248 test because you might have
ypaJy3NtgXY-00041-00009249-00009428 fundamentally misunderstood something
ypaJy3NtgXY-00042-00009429-00009731 about yourself the second step to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00043-00009732-00009944 figuring out your personal type is type
ypaJy3NtgXY-00044-00009945-00010226 yourself based on your flow type your
ypaJy3NtgXY-00045-00010227-00010388 self based on what you do when you are
ypaJy3NtgXY-00046-00010389-00010649 the most confident about yourself what I
ypaJy3NtgXY-00047-00010650-00010823 might notice is I might have an
ypaJy3NtgXY-00048-00010824-00011074 idealization towards enfjs that means I
ypaJy3NtgXY-00049-00011075-00011324 might idealize having the energy or
ypaJy3NtgXY-00050-00011325-00011627 action or passion that they do and I
ypaJy3NtgXY-00051-00011628-00011821 might seek to try to emulate that in
ypaJy3NtgXY-00052-00011822-00012044 myself so my good day so my very best
ypaJy3NtgXY-00053-00012045-00012281 days I find myself trying to be that
ypaJy3NtgXY-00054-00012282-00012473 kind of a person thinking that will make
ypaJy3NtgXY-00055-00012474-00012685 me more successful and thinking that is
ypaJy3NtgXY-00056-00012686-00012958 - I am at my best I look at my energy in
ypaJy3NtgXY-00057-00012959-00013169 those situations and I see wow there is
ypaJy3NtgXY-00058-00013169-00013357 so much energy so much passion
ypaJy3NtgXY-00059-00013358-00013582 want that maybe that is Who I am at my
ypaJy3NtgXY-00060-00013583-00013915 best and so you have that side of
ypaJy3NtgXY-00061-00013916-00014110 yourself you have your higher self you
ypaJy3NtgXY-00062-00014111-00014386 have your lower self and so a lot of
ypaJy3NtgXY-00063-00014387-00014653 time I can see myself as an INFP during
ypaJy3NtgXY-00064-00014654-00014878 my weekdays or my low days and I might
ypaJy3NtgXY-00065-00014879-00015130 see myself as a person that I can be
ypaJy3NtgXY-00066-00015131-00015397 prone to moodiness hiatus disappearing
ypaJy3NtgXY-00067-00015397-00015685 the kind of getting lost inside my own
ypaJy3NtgXY-00068-00015686-00015913 head and fantasies in my own dream world
ypaJy3NtgXY-00069-00015913-00016534 and yeah really my own idealism so I can
ypaJy3NtgXY-00070-00016535-00016690 see myself slipping between these kind
ypaJy3NtgXY-00071-00016691-00016963 of behaviors and I can see them
ypaJy3NtgXY-00072-00016964-00017224 what causes me to go that way well lack
ypaJy3NtgXY-00073-00017225-00017658 of confidence in myself stress
ypaJy3NtgXY-00074-00017659-00018148 uncertainty insecurity anxiety and so
ypaJy3NtgXY-00075-00018149-00018289 what I'm realizing is I'm not typing
ypaJy3NtgXY-00076-00018290-00018535 myself based on a good day I'm not taste
ypaJy3NtgXY-00077-00018536-00018775 typing myself based on Who I am when I'm
ypaJy3NtgXY-00078-00018776-00018934 the most confident in myself
ypaJy3NtgXY-00079-00018935-00019192 and you have there your flow personality
ypaJy3NtgXY-00080-00019193-00019375 type me your flow personnel type is your
ypaJy3NtgXY-00081-00019376-00019534 best representation of who you really
ypaJy3NtgXY-00082-00019535-00020074 are the most of the time so at work or
ypaJy3NtgXY-00083-00020075-00020266 in my real life and then one-on-one
ypaJy3NtgXY-00084-00020267-00020491 conversations I tend to feel the roll of
ypaJy3NtgXY-00085-00020492-00020575 the IFJ
ypaJy3NtgXY-00086-00020576-00020782 I tend to be the one that sees and
ypaJy3NtgXY-00087-00020783-00020938 listens to and empathize this with
ypaJy3NtgXY-00088-00020939-00021166 people I tend to try to understand and
ypaJy3NtgXY-00089-00021167-00021351 figure people out I tend to try to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00090-00021352-00021727 really get people's thinking and get
ypaJy3NtgXY-00091-00021728-00021919 inside their own heads and to think with
ypaJy3NtgXY-00092-00021920-00022060 their own voice what they are thinking
ypaJy3NtgXY-00093-00022061-00022261 hear what they are hearing here it's do
ypaJy3NtgXY-00094-00022262-00022486 and say and see what they are seeing
ypaJy3NtgXY-00095-00022487-00022804 with their eyes and so I try to talk to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00096-00022805-00022993 them and communicate and reach out to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00097-00022994-00023131 them in a way that will help them or
ypaJy3NtgXY-00098-00023132-00023362 support them and I do this instinctively
ypaJy3NtgXY-00099-00023363-00023562 all the time and I find very easy to do
ypaJy3NtgXY-00100-00023563-00023890 that's the other sign your flow type is
ypaJy3NtgXY-00101-00023891-00024091 something you find very easy to do
ypaJy3NtgXY-00102-00024092-00024247 something you find effortless in
ypaJy3NtgXY-00103-00024248-00024403 yourself something that just comes out
ypaJy3NtgXY-00104-00024404-00024730 naturally something that you do all the
ypaJy3NtgXY-00105-00024731-00024972 time because yeah it's really something
ypaJy3NtgXY-00106-00024973-00025168 very easy for you to do and it's your
ypaJy3NtgXY-00107-00025169-00025347 natural survival strategy it's how you
ypaJy3NtgXY-00108-00025348-00025768 deal with life so I'm not a question I
ypaJy3NtgXY-00109-00025769-00025987 tend to use well I have three questions
ypaJy3NtgXY-00110-00025988-00026182 I can give you in order to figure out
ypaJy3NtgXY-00111-00026183-00026344 your personality type so use these
ypaJy3NtgXY-00112-00026345-00026583 questions to figure out your type before
ypaJy3NtgXY-00113-00026585-00026722 I tell you these questions I'm
ypaJy3NtgXY-00114-00026723-00026902 tell you the third piece of advice Don
ypaJy3NtgXY-00115-00026902-00027013 the third piece of advice is really
ypaJy3NtgXY-00116-00027014-00027307 important don't compare yourself to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00117-00027308-00027616 other people the reason for this is you
ypaJy3NtgXY-00118-00027617-00027835 will constantly misunderstand
ypaJy3NtgXY-00119-00027836-00028024 other people and their behavior and
ypaJy3NtgXY-00120-00028025-00028312 their actions that means often when you
ypaJy3NtgXY-00121-00028313-00028492 look at other people who you believe are
ypaJy3NtgXY-00122-00028493-00028636 the same type of you you'll find
ypaJy3NtgXY-00123-00028637-00028827 yourself thrown off by how they say
ypaJy3NtgXY-00124-00028829-00029047 things their actions their physical cues
ypaJy3NtgXY-00125-00029048-00029281 and you'll miss understand their
ypaJy3NtgXY-00126-00029282-00029433 intentions and their needs and this
ypaJy3NtgXY-00127-00029435-00029593 happens all the time would constantly
ypaJy3NtgXY-00128-00029594-00029851 misunderstand other people and our view
ypaJy3NtgXY-00129-00029852-00030037 of other people tends to be very very
ypaJy3NtgXY-00130-00030038-00030427 subjective that means where it's not a
ypaJy3NtgXY-00131-00030427-00030577 good strategy to compare yourself to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00132-00030577-00030823 there your view of them it's better
ypaJy3NtgXY-00133-00030824-00031006 instead to ask yourself questions about
ypaJy3NtgXY-00134-00031007-00031285 yourself what do I value what do I like
ypaJy3NtgXY-00135-00031286-00031456 what gives me energy what gives me
ypaJy3NtgXY-00136-00031457-00031732 confidence what causes me stress what
ypaJy3NtgXY-00137-00031733-00031975 causes me anxiety what tends to drain me
ypaJy3NtgXY-00138-00031976-00032188 of energy what tends to cause me to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00139-00032189-00032464 doubt myself those are the kind of
ypaJy3NtgXY-00140-00032464-00032620 questions that will help you figuring
ypaJy3NtgXY-00141-00032620-00032932 out your personality type so the three
ypaJy3NtgXY-00142-00032933-00033124 questions to figuring out your
ypaJy3NtgXY-00143-00033125-00033478 personality type are first how do you
ypaJy3NtgXY-00144-00033479-00033666 want to save the world
ypaJy3NtgXY-00145-00033667-00033949 okay now let's see if YouTube wants to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00146-00033950-00034354 run an ad sometimes reactive personality
ypaJy3NtgXY-00147-00034355-00034606 will like in your flow functions to your
ypaJy3NtgXY-00148-00034607-00034831 savior sin that means how do you see
ypaJy3NtgXY-00149-00034832-00034966 yourself making the world a better place
ypaJy3NtgXY-00150-00034967-00035140 what do you think is the recipe that
ypaJy3NtgXY-00151-00035141-00035362 will make the world better a lot of time
ypaJy3NtgXY-00152-00035363-00035581 item to see that oh by being more
ypaJy3NtgXY-00153-00035582-00035770 empathetic and being more understanding
ypaJy3NtgXY-00154-00035771-00035896 and creating a more empathetic and
ypaJy3NtgXY-00155-00035897-00036115 understanding world every problem will
ypaJy3NtgXY-00156-00036116-00036304 be solved there will be no wars and
ypaJy3NtgXY-00157-00036305-00036520 we've all all get along you will have
ypaJy3NtgXY-00158-00036521-00036700 harmony and everything will be at peace
ypaJy3NtgXY-00159-00036701-00036928 and everything will be great and so I
ypaJy3NtgXY-00160-00036929-00037156 try to see if that's how I try to save
ypaJy3NtgXY-00161-00037157-00037351 the world I try to make videos that
ypaJy3NtgXY-00162-00037352-00037471 spread on awareness and understanding
ypaJy3NtgXY-00163-00037472-00037735 and empathy and I tend to get people to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00164-00037736-00037912 try to see each things from different
ypaJy3NtgXY-00165-00037913-00038173 point of views so to create mutual
ypaJy3NtgXY-00166-00038174-00038350 shared understanding between different
ypaJy3NtgXY-00167-00038351-00038713 personality types what do you think is
ypaJy3NtgXY-00168-00038714-00038986 the primary threat to the world and ok
ypaJy3NtgXY-00169-00038987-00039178 this is a really interesting one what do
ypaJy3NtgXY-00170-00039179-00039352 you think is constantly screwing up your
ypaJy3NtgXY-00171-00039353-00039430 life
ypaJy3NtgXY-00172-00039431-00039688 or the world in general I don't just
ypaJy3NtgXY-00173-00039689-00039942 think it's cruelty cruel behavior
ypaJy3NtgXY-00174-00039943-00040161 selfish behave
ypaJy3NtgXY-00175-00040162-00040555 misunderstandings things that yeah
ypaJy3NtgXY-00176-00040556-00041161 basically hurting other people not
ypaJy3NtgXY-00177-00041162-00041377 listening to others pushing your own
ypaJy3NtgXY-00178-00041378-00041590 views onto other people not seeing
ypaJy3NtgXY-00179-00041591-00041773 things they are feeling not really
ypaJy3NtgXY-00180-00041774-00041965 listening to other people not really
ypaJy3NtgXY-00181-00041966-00042196 understanding our people attacking our
ypaJy3NtgXY-00182-00042197-00042430 people causing conflict destruction
ypaJy3NtgXY-00183-00042431-00042697 violence towards people you
ypaJy3NtgXY-00184-00042698-00042844 misunderstand the people who are
ypaJy3NtgXY-00185-00042845-00043057 different from you that's what I tend to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00186-00043058-00043215 see is the primary threat to the world
ypaJy3NtgXY-00187-00043216-00043524 and I saw this in politics as well
ypaJy3NtgXY-00188-00043525-00043867 the final question to figuring out your
ypaJy3NtgXY-00189-00043868-00044209 personal type is what are your most
ypaJy3NtgXY-00190-00044210-00044551 important values think about okay what
ypaJy3NtgXY-00191-00044552-00044773 is most important to you in life what
ypaJy3NtgXY-00192-00044774-00044920 kind of life do you want for yourself
ypaJy3NtgXY-00193-00044921-00045268 what kind of career lifestyle what kind
ypaJy3NtgXY-00194-00045269-00045448 of relationship are you looking for
ypaJy3NtgXY-00195-00045449-00045658 because those kind of questions are
ypaJy3NtgXY-00196-00045659-00045847 really the ones that really get you
ypaJy3NtgXY-00197-00045848-00046075 thinking about your flow functions and
ypaJy3NtgXY-00198-00046076-00046264 often it's we try to build our life
ypaJy3NtgXY-00199-00046265-00046486 around our flow functions we try to
ypaJy3NtgXY-00200-00046487-00046633 build them in a way that gives us time
ypaJy3NtgXY-00201-00046634-00046896 for ourselves for introspection or for
ypaJy3NtgXY-00202-00046897-00047200 business or career prospects or for our
ypaJy3NtgXY-00203-00047201-00047545 ambition weak form rules and we live and
ypaJy3NtgXY-00204-00047546-00047715 act and we want to live and act in a way
ypaJy3NtgXY-00205-00047716-00048028 that gives us what we want so for a next
ypaJy3NtgXY-00206-00048029-00048184 door to intuitive it might be having
ypaJy3NtgXY-00207-00048185-00048475 freedom for an intuitive perceiving type
ypaJy3NtgXY-00208-00048476-00048688 it might be having change in your life
ypaJy3NtgXY-00209-00048689-00048910 for a sensing and judging type it might
ypaJy3NtgXY-00210-00048911-00049368 be having a tradition or routine so
ypaJy3NtgXY-00211-00049369-00049603 personality type is about values you'll
ypaJy3NtgXY-00212-00049604-00049789 see that in my personality tests and
ypaJy3NtgXY-00213-00049790-00050137 you'll see that in yourself values are
ypaJy3NtgXY-00214-00050138-00050326 the most consistent thing about your
ypaJy3NtgXY-00215-00050327-00050542 personality type not your behavior which
ypaJy3NtgXY-00216-00050543-00050776 can change at any moment but your values
ypaJy3NtgXY-00217-00050777-00051064 and your deeper intentions so I hope
ypaJy3NtgXY-00218-00051065-00051190 this video helped you figure out
ypaJy3NtgXY-00219-00051191-00051402 yourself for that you will now grab a
ypaJy3NtgXY-00220-00051403-00051564 notebook you'll start writing down your
ypaJy3NtgXY-00221-00051565-00051795 different types you identify with
ypaJy3NtgXY-00222-00051796-00051961 perhaps you start writing down pro and
ypaJy3NtgXY-00223-00051962-00052144 con list for every person not the type
ypaJy3NtgXY-00224-00052145-00052305 perhaps you start looking at the values
ypaJy3NtgXY-00225-00052307-00052501 of every personality type perhaps you're
ypaJy3NtgXY-00226-00052502-00052765 going to start listing your top
ypaJy3NtgXY-00227-00052766-00052944 cognitive functions that you identify
ypaJy3NtgXY-00228-00052945-00053134 with the most and you're gonna start
ypaJy3NtgXY-00229-00053135-00053276 writing down okay and compare
ypaJy3NtgXY-00230-00053277-00053429 in contrasting okay what's that what's
ypaJy3NtgXY-00231-00053430-00053636 that what's that well you're gonna start
ypaJy3NtgXY-00232-00053637-00053748 writing down okay what are my values
ypaJy3NtgXY-00233-00053749-00054050 what's me in this what's me in stress
ypaJy3NtgXY-00234-00054051-00054257 what's me when I'm excited what's me
ypaJy3NtgXY-00235-00054258-00054482 when I'm tired and you're gonna using
ypaJy3NtgXY-00236-00054483-00054698 this method get a bit closer to figuring
ypaJy3NtgXY-00237-00054699-00055082 out your personality type the final
ypaJy3NtgXY-00238-00055083-00055244 thing you can do if you want to really
ypaJy3NtgXY-00239-00055245-00055400 learn more about yourself is you can
ypaJy3NtgXY-00240-00055401-00055676 visit patreon.com slash erekt or you can
ypaJy3NtgXY-00241-00055677-00055878 reach out and send me a message I can
ypaJy3NtgXY-00242-00055879-00056150 help you set up a video or create an
ypaJy3NtgXY-00243-00056151-00056312 article or write something about
ypaJy3NtgXY-00244-00056313-00056421 yourself and I can ask you some
ypaJy3NtgXY-00245-00056422-00056636 questions that help you move forward and
ypaJy3NtgXY-00246-00056637-00056835 I can help you give some feedback some
ypaJy3NtgXY-00247-00056836-00057009 out your feedback so you can help
ypaJy3NtgXY-00248-00057010-00057254 process and reflect on what you are
ypaJy3NtgXY-00249-00057255-00057407 saying and what you are feeling and what
ypaJy3NtgXY-00250-00057408-00057648 you are doing in a more objective point
ypaJy3NtgXY-00251-00057649-00058011 of view I'll never tell you what type
ypaJy3NtgXY-00252-00058012-00058071 you are
ypaJy3NtgXY-00253-00058072-00058286 I'm never gonna slam a type label on
ypaJy3NtgXY-00254-00058287-00058566 your face I'm going to help you figure
ypaJy3NtgXY-00255-00058566-00058742 out for yourself what type you are by
ypaJy3NtgXY-00256-00058743-00058907 helping you understand the types better
ypaJy3NtgXY-00257-00058908-00059099 that's how I teach and that's what I
ypaJy3NtgXY-00258-00059100-00059255 like and that's how I what I believe is
ypaJy3NtgXY-00259-00059256-00059468 most important when it comes to figuring
ypaJy3NtgXY-00260-00059469-00059654 out your personal that was my video
ypaJy3NtgXY-00261-00059655-00059807 thank you for watching leave a like
ypaJy3NtgXY-00262-00059808-00060026 share and subscribe and of course I'll
ypaJy3NtgXY-00263-00060027-00060368 see you guys in the next video
yPcuTJMFAhc-00000-00000000-00000289 hello my name is Abbi together we will
yPcuTJMFAhc-00001-00000290-00000499 try to solve a grid of pseudo coup
yPcuTJMFAhc-00002-00000500-00000871 thanks for your attention
yPcuTJMFAhc-00003-00000872-00001138 you
yPcuTJMFAhc-00004-00001139-00001341 you
yPcuTJMFAhc-00005-00001342-00001607 the goal of the game is to fill all the
yPcuTJMFAhc-00006-00001609-00001896 boxes with numbers ranging from 1 to 9
yPcuTJMFAhc-00007-00001897-00002102 while always ensuring that the same
yPcuTJMFAhc-00008-00002103-00002364 number appears only once per row and
yPcuTJMFAhc-00009-00002365-00002715 only once per column and only once in
yPcuTJMFAhc-00010-00002716-00003083 the large square of nine boxes isolated
yPcuTJMFAhc-00011-00003084-00003658 and naked number
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yPcuTJMFAhc-00055-00033023-00033741 number hidden in the large square three
yPcuTJMFAhc-00056-00033742-00034440 isolated and naked number
yPcuTJMFAhc-00057-00034441-00035139 isolated and naked number
yPcuTJMFAhc-00058-00035140-00035839 isolated and naked number
yPcuTJMFAhc-00059-00035840-00036539 isolated naked number
yPcuTJMFAhc-00060-00036540-00037211 isolated naked number
yPcuTJMFAhc-00061-00037212-00037517 I hope this video you liked if you are
yPcuTJMFAhc-00062-00037518-00037736 not subscribed to our chain do not
yPcuTJMFAhc-00063-00037737-00037964 forget to subscribe before leaving us
yPcuTJMFAhc-00064-00037965-00038222 thank you for your attention goodbye and
yPcuTJMFAhc-00065-00038223-00038501 see you soon
yQq6yeAQ668-00000-00000037-00000495 [Music]
yQq6yeAQ668-00001-00000496-00000655 i like football
yQq6yeAQ668-00002-00000656-00000927 really since i was a child i've lived
yQq6yeAQ668-00003-00000927-00001095 here since i was three
yQq6yeAQ668-00004-00001096-00001503 now i'm 16. i attend all the school here
yQq6yeAQ668-00005-00001504-00001855 my parents especially dad are unbearable
yQq6yeAQ668-00006-00001855-00002110 they've fallen behind in time and that
yQq6yeAQ668-00007-00002111-00002326 tells me that i can't play football or
yQq6yeAQ668-00008-00002327-00002439 another sport
yQq6yeAQ668-00009-00002440-00002734 while my brother does it i also show him
yQq6yeAQ668-00010-00002735-00002887 banning like beckham
yQq6yeAQ668-00011-00002888-00003087 but do you think he helped it is
yQq6yeAQ668-00012-00003088-00003254 contrary to our religion
yQq6yeAQ668-00013-00003255-00003567 it says but where is written
yQq6yeAQ668-00014-00003568-00003806 they treat you badly anywhere they will
yQq6yeAQ668-00015-00003807-00003975 force you to remove the veil
yQq6yeAQ668-00016-00003976-00004215 and need him sandwiched when you travel
yQq6yeAQ668-00017-00004216-00004463 i initially believed it so i was
yQq6yeAQ668-00018-00004464-00004822 really scared then one day i saw a flyer
yQq6yeAQ668-00019-00004823-00004879 school
yQq6yeAQ668-00020-00004880-00005135 which speaks about sport for all
yQq6yeAQ668-00021-00005136-00005351 inclusive sports and things like that
yQq6yeAQ668-00022-00005352-00005599 but the strange thing is that in the
yQq6yeAQ668-00023-00005600-00005791 flyer to advertise the football team
yQq6yeAQ668-00024-00005792-00005999 there was a photo of a girl with a veil
yQq6yeAQ668-00025-00006000-00006099 on her head
yQq6yeAQ668-00026-00006100-00006431 unbelievable hi to courage i want to
yQq6yeAQ668-00027-00006431-00006542 talk to them
yQq6yeAQ668-00028-00006543-00006727 a boy and a girl explained to me how it
yQq6yeAQ668-00029-00006728-00006967 works that i can safely play with the
yQq6yeAQ668-00030-00006968-00007046 way
yQq6yeAQ668-00031-00007047-00007263 there is raiden on the plane wearing it
yQq6yeAQ668-00032-00007264-00007446 and that they were mainly sandwiches
yQq6yeAQ668-00033-00007447-00007551 with cheese
yQq6yeAQ668-00034-00007552-00007910 i came home very happy but when i told
yQq6yeAQ668-00035-00007911-00007998 that
yQq6yeAQ668-00036-00008000-00008287 my godness he got hungry and locked me
yQq6yeAQ668-00037-00008288-00008439 in my room without tv
yQq6yeAQ668-00038-00008440-00008735 all evening next day i spoke to the boys
yQq6yeAQ668-00039-00008736-00008791 again
yQq6yeAQ668-00040-00008792-00009063 who said they were a sort of cultural
yQq6yeAQ668-00041-00009064-00009223 sports mediator
yQq6yeAQ668-00042-00009224-00009471 enough to to go to talk to that they had
yQq6yeAQ668-00043-00009472-00009542 this chat
yQq6yeAQ668-00044-00009543-00009759 with me present and it turned out that
yQq6yeAQ668-00045-00009760-00009935 dad was really afraid for me
yQq6yeAQ668-00046-00009936-00010319 he didn't do it out of spite well
yQq6yeAQ668-00047-00010320-00010623 he's not happy enough but what about
yQq6yeAQ668-00048-00010624-00011678 tomorrow i do my first workout so
yQq6yeAQ668-00049-00011679-00013191 [Music]
yQq6yeAQ668-00050-00013191-00013400 you
yRCvnJf77rE-00001-00004871-00005034 so
yRCvnJf77rE-00002-00005035-00007887 [Music]
yRCvnJf77rE-00003-00007888-00009083 do
yRCvnJf77rE-00005-00018840-00019558 so
yRCvnJf77rE-00006-00019559-00020686 [Music]
yRCvnJf77rE-00007-00020687-00020893 wow
yRCvnJf77rE-00009-00023985-00024092 [Applause]
yRCvnJf77rE-00010-00024093-00024367 [Music]
yRCvnJf77rE-00011-00024368-00025026 so
yRCvnJf77rE-00012-00025027-00026607 [Music]
yRCvnJf77rE-00013-00026608-00026816 you
yUKFXwUd5eM-00000-00000048-00000247 according to statistics only a small
yUKFXwUd5eM-00001-00000248-00000423 percentage of you who watch our videos
yUKFXwUd5eM-00002-00000424-00000591 are actually subscribed
yUKFXwUd5eM-00003-00000592-00000799 so if you haven't and at the end of the
yUKFXwUd5eM-00004-00000800-00000966 video you enjoy what you see
yUKFXwUd5eM-00005-00000967-00001199 do consider subscribing it would help a
yUKFXwUd5eM-00006-00001200-00001350 lot with youtube's algorithm in
yUKFXwUd5eM-00007-00001351-00001503 promoting more of our mental health
yUKFXwUd5eM-00008-00001504-00001566 content
yUKFXwUd5eM-00009-00001567-00001926 thanks for being here romance is in the
yUKFXwUd5eM-00010-00001927-00001998 air
yUKFXwUd5eM-00011-00002000-00002207 your heart is racing your stomach is
yUKFXwUd5eM-00012-00002208-00002326 filled with butterflies
yUKFXwUd5eM-00013-00002327-00002510 and you can't help but imagine a future
yUKFXwUd5eM-00014-00002511-00002702 with the person you know you are in love
yUKFXwUd5eM-00015-00002703-00002767 with
yUKFXwUd5eM-00016-00002768-00003039 you are in love but what does this mean
yUKFXwUd5eM-00017-00003040-00003134 exactly
yUKFXwUd5eM-00018-00003135-00003359 i mean in this scenario this is the
yUKFXwUd5eM-00019-00003360-00003583 first time you've fallen in love
yUKFXwUd5eM-00020-00003584-00003735 what are the little things to know that
yUKFXwUd5eM-00021-00003736-00003895 can make a world of difference in your
yUKFXwUd5eM-00022-00003896-00003990 relationship
yUKFXwUd5eM-00023-00003992-00004279 if only you knew these things well
yUKFXwUd5eM-00024-00004280-00004470 psych2go is here to help you
yUKFXwUd5eM-00025-00004471-00004702 here are 7 things to know when you first
yUKFXwUd5eM-00026-00004703-00004847 fall in love
yUKFXwUd5eM-00027-00004848-00005199 1. you can change you may think you will
yUKFXwUd5eM-00028-00005200-00005343 never become a die-hard fan of the
yUKFXwUd5eM-00029-00005344-00005415 bachelor
yUKFXwUd5eM-00030-00005416-00005711 or any other reality tv show or perhaps
yUKFXwUd5eM-00031-00005712-00005895 you've sworn off the taste of jello
yUKFXwUd5eM-00032-00005896-00006222 is it a solid a liquid what is it well
yUKFXwUd5eM-00033-00006223-00006422 these ideas of yours may change when you
yUKFXwUd5eM-00034-00006423-00006527 fall in love
yUKFXwUd5eM-00035-00006528-00006775 not specifically with jello and reality
yUKFXwUd5eM-00036-00006776-00006855 tv
yUKFXwUd5eM-00037-00006856-00007031 but your interests and personality
yUKFXwUd5eM-00038-00007031-00007278 traits may change according to a study
yUKFXwUd5eM-00039-00007279-00007455 published in the journal of personality
yUKFXwUd5eM-00040-00007456-00007591 and social psychology
yUKFXwUd5eM-00041-00007592-00007774 people in love will find themselves with
yUKFXwUd5eM-00042-00007775-00007934 different personality traits and
yUKFXwUd5eM-00043-00007936-00008078 interests after entering into their
yUKFXwUd5eM-00044-00008079-00008271 respective relationships one of the
yUKFXwUd5eM-00045-00008272-00008431 authors of the study suggests
yUKFXwUd5eM-00046-00008432-00008655 individual self-esteem often increases
yUKFXwUd5eM-00047-00008656-00008823 along with gaining a more diverse sense
yUKFXwUd5eM-00048-00008824-00008910 of self
yUKFXwUd5eM-00049-00008911-00009214 two fear and judgment will decrease
yUKFXwUd5eM-00050-00009215-00009455 love has its many benefits one common
yUKFXwUd5eM-00051-00009456-00009639 one is that your ability to make overly
yUKFXwUd5eM-00052-00009640-00009871 critical assessments can shut down
yUKFXwUd5eM-00053-00009872-00010103 one study suggests this further the
yUKFXwUd5eM-00054-00010104-00010287 study was conducted by married couple
yUKFXwUd5eM-00055-00010288-00010510 richard schwartz and jacqueline olds
yUKFXwUd5eM-00056-00010511-00010703 professors at harvard medical school and
yUKFXwUd5eM-00057-00010704-00010863 couple therapists
yUKFXwUd5eM-00058-00010864-00011046 in a study they look into the science
yUKFXwUd5eM-00059-00011047-00011199 behind the common term
yUKFXwUd5eM-00060-00011200-00011463 love is blind and in a piece published
yUKFXwUd5eM-00061-00011464-00011599 by harvard university
yUKFXwUd5eM-00062-00011600-00011806 schwartz explained that feelings of love
yUKFXwUd5eM-00063-00011807-00012014 deactivate neural pathways responsible
yUKFXwUd5eM-00064-00012015-00012167 for negative emotions
yUKFXwUd5eM-00065-00012168-00012438 which ones you ask some are fear and
yUKFXwUd5eM-00066-00012439-00012567 social judgment
yUKFXwUd5eM-00067-00012568-00012886 three love can make you sick are you
yUKFXwUd5eM-00068-00012887-00012974 lovesick
yUKFXwUd5eM-00069-00012975-00013191 have you felt the pain of heartbreak
yUKFXwUd5eM-00070-00013191-00013358 well beside the stress
yUKFXwUd5eM-00071-00013359-00013583 and sadness a broken heart can cause
yUKFXwUd5eM-00072-00013584-00013766 love can also have the chance to make
yUKFXwUd5eM-00073-00013768-00014007 you more prone to coming down sick
yUKFXwUd5eM-00074-00014008-00014247 love can raise levels of cortisol the
yUKFXwUd5eM-00075-00014247-00014415 stress hormone cortisol
yUKFXwUd5eM-00076-00014416-00014630 can increase the odds of making you sick
yUKFXwUd5eM-00077-00014631-00014775 as it has been shown to suppress
yUKFXwUd5eM-00078-00014776-00015127 immune function 4. misunderstandings are
yUKFXwUd5eM-00079-00015128-00015303 bound to happen
yUKFXwUd5eM-00080-00015304-00015494 when you first fall in love you may
yUKFXwUd5eM-00081-00015495-00015622 think everything is meant to be
yUKFXwUd5eM-00082-00015623-00015886 perfectly perfect in every single way
yUKFXwUd5eM-00083-00015887-00016071 but misunderstandings are bound to
yUKFXwUd5eM-00084-00016072-00016215 happen eventually
yUKFXwUd5eM-00085-00016216-00016399 this isn't the end of the world though
yUKFXwUd5eM-00086-00016400-00016558 you may have thought your partner meant
yUKFXwUd5eM-00087-00016559-00016711 this when they meant that
yUKFXwUd5eM-00088-00016712-00016871 maybe your partner thought you behaved a
yUKFXwUd5eM-00089-00016872-00017022 certain way when you do the exact
yUKFXwUd5eM-00090-00017023-00017239 opposite don't let simple confusion
yUKFXwUd5eM-00091-00017240-00017407 disrupt your feelings for each other or
yUKFXwUd5eM-00092-00017408-00017599 the growth of your relationship
yUKFXwUd5eM-00093-00017600-00017822 if it's serious discuss it if it's
yUKFXwUd5eM-00094-00017823-00017927 really no big deal
yUKFXwUd5eM-00095-00017928-00018263 it's no big deal really 5.
yUKFXwUd5eM-00096-00018264-00018494 they aren't your missing piece many can
yUKFXwUd5eM-00097-00018495-00018703 seek out love or be drawn to someone in
yUKFXwUd5eM-00098-00018704-00018863 hopes they will complete them and make
yUKFXwUd5eM-00099-00018864-00018999 them one again
yUKFXwUd5eM-00100-00019000-00019214 yes your lifelong partner can be one of
yUKFXwUd5eM-00101-00019215-00019399 the biggest parts of your life
yUKFXwUd5eM-00102-00019400-00019575 but it can be unhealthy to look for a
yUKFXwUd5eM-00103-00019576-00019767 partner in hopes they'll make you feel
yUKFXwUd5eM-00104-00019768-00019886 complete
yUKFXwUd5eM-00105-00019887-00020135 if you do feel empty a partner may
yUKFXwUd5eM-00106-00020136-00020303 appear to make you feel better for a
yUKFXwUd5eM-00107-00020304-00020375 while
yUKFXwUd5eM-00108-00020376-00020614 but after due time those empty feelings
yUKFXwUd5eM-00109-00020615-00020775 will only arise again
yUKFXwUd5eM-00110-00020776-00020943 feeling complete and finding your
yUKFXwUd5eM-00111-00020944-00021135 purpose is a journey you must discover
yUKFXwUd5eM-00112-00021136-00021230 within yourself
yUKFXwUd5eM-00113-00021231-00021478 first yes you can do this by your
yUKFXwUd5eM-00114-00021479-00021614 partner's side too
yUKFXwUd5eM-00115-00021615-00021758 but relationships tend to be more
yUKFXwUd5eM-00116-00021759-00021950 successful when we already know who we
yUKFXwUd5eM-00117-00021951-00022199 are and what it is we want out of life
yUKFXwUd5eM-00118-00022200-00022486 then our perfect match may just follow
yUKFXwUd5eM-00119-00022487-00022575 6.
yUKFXwUd5eM-00120-00022576-00022871 their values can change couples often
yUKFXwUd5eM-00121-00022872-00023055 become a good match based on similar
yUKFXwUd5eM-00122-00023056-00023143 values
yUKFXwUd5eM-00123-00023144-00023319 it's one of the fundamentals of any
yUKFXwUd5eM-00124-00023320-00023471 healthy relationship
yUKFXwUd5eM-00125-00023472-00023703 but partners can change perhaps your
yUKFXwUd5eM-00126-00023704-00023935 love has just received a new job and has
yUKFXwUd5eM-00127-00023936-00024142 to move to the city for their future
yUKFXwUd5eM-00128-00024143-00024294 but something you originally both
yUKFXwUd5eM-00129-00024295-00024463 connected on was living the peaceful
yUKFXwUd5eM-00130-00024464-00024542 simple life
yUKFXwUd5eM-00131-00024543-00024822 in a quiet serene town those big city
yUKFXwUd5eM-00132-00024823-00024991 lights just aren't your thing
yUKFXwUd5eM-00133-00024992-00025142 and since you can't imagine yourself
yUKFXwUd5eM-00134-00025143-00025358 living downtown and their circumstances
yUKFXwUd5eM-00135-00025359-00025399 have now
yUKFXwUd5eM-00136-00025400-00025711 changed it might be time to move on you
yUKFXwUd5eM-00137-00025712-00025902 both have different goals and desires
yUKFXwUd5eM-00138-00025904-00025967 now
yUKFXwUd5eM-00139-00025968-00026174 couples fall in love and although they
yUKFXwUd5eM-00140-00026175-00026343 may not always fall out of love right
yUKFXwUd5eM-00141-00026344-00026407 away
yUKFXwUd5eM-00142-00026408-00026687 they may not be a good match anymore the
yUKFXwUd5eM-00143-00026688-00026855 important thing is you still have the
yUKFXwUd5eM-00144-00026856-00027039 opportunity to fall in love with someone
yUKFXwUd5eM-00145-00027039-00027287 who now matches the person you've become
yUKFXwUd5eM-00146-00027288-00027614 7. learn to love yourself first
yUKFXwUd5eM-00147-00027616-00027790 one of the greatest things to jumpstart
yUKFXwUd5eM-00148-00027791-00027951 a healthy relationship
yUKFXwUd5eM-00149-00027952-00028255 loving yourself first in fact your
yUKFXwUd5eM-00150-00028256-00028414 relationship with yourself
yUKFXwUd5eM-00151-00028416-00028599 is the most important aspect of your
yUKFXwUd5eM-00152-00028600-00028823 existence you should focus on
yUKFXwUd5eM-00153-00028824-00029014 we tend to push aside our conflicting
yUKFXwUd5eM-00154-00029016-00029183 feelings and suppress the unpleasant
yUKFXwUd5eM-00155-00029183-00029358 emotions deep inside us
yUKFXwUd5eM-00156-00029360-00029535 we can lash out at ourselves when we
yUKFXwUd5eM-00157-00029536-00029711 feel we're not good enough
yUKFXwUd5eM-00158-00029712-00029918 doing so we continue down the road of
yUKFXwUd5eM-00159-00029919-00030143 negative thoughts and self-hate
yUKFXwUd5eM-00160-00030144-00030302 one of the most crucial things you can
yUKFXwUd5eM-00161-00030303-00030487 do in life is to expand from your
yUKFXwUd5eM-00162-00030488-00030687 narrowing beliefs and learn to love
yUKFXwUd5eM-00163-00030688-00030799 yourself
yUKFXwUd5eM-00164-00030800-00030990 treat yourself with the compassion and
yUKFXwUd5eM-00165-00030991-00031190 care you'd like from others
yUKFXwUd5eM-00166-00031191-00031374 working on self-love can improve your
yUKFXwUd5eM-00167-00031375-00031631 self-esteem and grow your confidence
yUKFXwUd5eM-00168-00031632-00031943 respect yourself first then your heart
yUKFXwUd5eM-00169-00031944-00032199 will be open to finding your true love
yUKFXwUd5eM-00170-00032200-00032511 and loving them and yourself freely
yUKFXwUd5eM-00171-00032512-00032711 so have you learned something new about
yUKFXwUd5eM-00172-00032712-00032918 love where are you in your self-love
yUKFXwUd5eM-00173-00032919-00032999 journey
yUKFXwUd5eM-00174-00033000-00033207 have you recently found your first love
yUKFXwUd5eM-00175-00033208-00033359 or are you hoping you will in the near
yUKFXwUd5eM-00176-00033360-00033462 future
yUKFXwUd5eM-00177-00033463-00033687 share with us in the comments if you
yUKFXwUd5eM-00178-00033688-00033831 found this video helpful
yUKFXwUd5eM-00179-00033832-00033974 don't forget to click the like button
yUKFXwUd5eM-00180-00033975-00034127 and share this video with someone you
yUKFXwUd5eM-00181-00034128-00034190 love
yUKFXwUd5eM-00182-00034191-00034367 it may help them learn something new to
yUKFXwUd5eM-00183-00034368-00034559 grow your relationship for the better
yUKFXwUd5eM-00184-00034560-00034711 subscribe to psych2go and hit the
yUKFXwUd5eM-00185-00034712-00034918 notification bell icon for more content
yUKFXwUd5eM-00186-00034919-00035015 like this
yUKFXwUd5eM-00187-00035016-00035384 as always thanks for watching
yUMUkOu7ku4-00000-00000183-00000663 i signed the blues as long as i remember
yUMUkOu7ku4-00001-00000664-00000871 you know i always get strong when the
yUMUkOu7ku4-00002-00000872-00001143 lovin arrives
yUMUkOu7ku4-00003-00001144-00001391 i always think said songs when i'm in
yUMUkOu7ku4-00004-00001392-00001751 that motel
yUMUkOu7ku4-00005-00001752-00002051 sometimes i wish i could fly
yUMUkOu7ku4-00006-00002052-00002207 [Music]
yUMUkOu7ku4-00007-00002208-00002671 i rode a bicycle and thunderbird
yUMUkOu7ku4-00008-00002672-00003206 i fell on the road bourbon high
yUMUkOu7ku4-00009-00003207-00003431 and when the times whiskey tequila and
yUMUkOu7ku4-00010-00003432-00003727 rose
yUMUkOu7ku4-00011-00003728-00004180 the times were uh back in 85.
yUMUkOu7ku4-00012-00004181-00004281 [Music]
yUMUkOu7ku4-00013-00004282-00004447 [Applause]
yUMUkOu7ku4-00014-00004448-00004719 wake up wake up wake up along the nasty
yUMUkOu7ku4-00015-00004720-00004999 road
yUMUkOu7ku4-00016-00005000-00005486 do not try to be clever you are
yUMUkOu7ku4-00017-00005487-00005679 take my advice
yUMUkOu7ku4-00018-00005680-00005723 don't
yUMUkOu7ku4-00019-00005724-00006156 [Laughter]
yUMUkOu7ku4-00020-00006157-00006527 [Applause]
yUMUkOu7ku4-00021-00006528-00006742 [Music]
yUMUkOu7ku4-00022-00006743-00006927 i don't want to be
yUMUkOu7ku4-00023-00006928-00007109 blind with this
yUMUkOu7ku4-00024-00007109-00008294 [Music]
yUMUkOu7ku4-00025-00008295-00008846 [Music]
yUMUkOu7ku4-00026-00008847-00009039 you know i love to read
yUMUkOu7ku4-00027-00009040-00009303 detective stories
yUMUkOu7ku4-00028-00009304-00009783 i'd love to read some of edgar allan poe
yUMUkOu7ku4-00029-00009784-00010231 well somehow i'm a little mysterious
yUMUkOu7ku4-00030-00010232-00010799 when i'm looking in the mirror
yUMUkOu7ku4-00031-00010800-00010942 [Music]
yUMUkOu7ku4-00032-00010943-00011414 where we came from where we're going
yUMUkOu7ku4-00033-00011415-00011846 [Music]
yUMUkOu7ku4-00034-00011847-00012031 maybe you will become an angel or an
yUMUkOu7ku4-00035-00012032-00012246 outlaw
yUMUkOu7ku4-00036-00012247-00013544 i may fly around all around
yUMUkOu7ku4-00037-00013544-00015358 [Music]
yUMUkOu7ku4-00038-00015359-00015937 i love her eyes
yUMUkOu7ku4-00039-00015938-00016622 [Music]
yUMUkOu7ku4-00040-00016623-00017131 [Music]
yURuzRR0N1M-00000-00000233-00000844 if we look at 20 30 years from now most
yURuzRR0N1M-00001-00000846-00001060 faculty members and most students will
yURuzRR0N1M-00002-00001061-00002364 think that open is the norm
yURuzRR0N1M-00003-00002365-00002574 it's been one of the most powerful
yURuzRR0N1M-00004-00002575-00002802 things that I've ever seen in terms of
yURuzRR0N1M-00005-00002803-00002931 getting colleagues to think about their
yURuzRR0N1M-00006-00002932-00003133 own practices and enhance what they're
yURuzRR0N1M-00007-00003134-00003388 doing and learn about licenses instead
yURuzRR0N1M-00008-00003389-00003568 of taking a textbook and trying to rule
yURuzRR0N1M-00009-00003569-00003802 engine reverse engineer my outcomes to
yURuzRR0N1M-00010-00003803-00003934 figure out how the representing the
yURuzRR0N1M-00011-00003935-00004111 textbook I can start from my outcomes
yURuzRR0N1M-00012-00004112-00004393 and aggregate individual around each
yURuzRR0N1M-00013-00004394-00004570 outcome so that I have exactly what I
yURuzRR0N1M-00014-00004571-00004768 want only what I want not more than what
yURuzRR0N1M-00015-00004769-00004932 i want that everything that i want as a
yURuzRR0N1M-00016-00004933-00005238 faculty member is super empowering it
yURuzRR0N1M-00017-00005239-00005493 allows students to participate in
yURuzRR0N1M-00018-00005494-00005809 generating a meaningful new content that
yURuzRR0N1M-00019-00005810-00006058 is viewed by a broader audience than
yURuzRR0N1M-00020-00006059-00006901 just their professor government really
yURuzRR0N1M-00021-00006902-00007020 needs to have a conversation with
yURuzRR0N1M-00022-00007022-00007281 presidents across bc presidents at
yURuzRR0N1M-00023-00007283-00007498 colleges and universities and institutes
yURuzRR0N1M-00024-00007498-00007749 about what does open education mean why
yURuzRR0N1M-00025-00007750-00008002 is it important why are we taking this
yURuzRR0N1M-00026-00008003-00008233 into effect we've already put 2 million
yURuzRR0N1M-00027-00008234-00008401 dollars into the open textbook project
yURuzRR0N1M-00028-00008402-00008626 but that two million dollars really is
yURuzRR0N1M-00029-00008627-00008824 just seeing the advent the beginning of
yURuzRR0N1M-00030-00008825-00009049 what is happening in the open education
yURuzRR0N1M-00031-00009050-00009981 movement the days of restricting access
yURuzRR0N1M-00032-00009982-00010333 to information as I'm they're finished I
yURuzRR0N1M-00033-00010334-00010591 think that apart from information linked
yURuzRR0N1M-00034-00010592-00011067 to personal activities and privacy that
yURuzRR0N1M-00035-00011068-00011419 there's no longer really a reason to
yURuzRR0N1M-00036-00011420-00011638 prove to pretend information is scarce
yURuzRR0N1M-00037-00011639-00011908 actually when its abundant openness is a
yURuzRR0N1M-00038-00011909-00012127 lot about the humility of understanding
yURuzRR0N1M-00039-00012128-00012298 that the person on the ground in the
yURuzRR0N1M-00040-00012299-00012505 classroom with those students knows more
yURuzRR0N1M-00041-00012506-00012655 about what they need than you did
yURuzRR0N1M-00042-00012656-00012846 important for faculty and institutions
yURuzRR0N1M-00043-00012847-00013077 to get on board now and so that they are
yURuzRR0N1M-00044-00013078-00013216 part of this movement and a part of
yURuzRR0N1M-00045-00013216-00013372 creating it rather than catching up
yURuzRR0N1M-00046-00013372-00013665 later on
yURuzRR0N1M-00047-00013666-00013872 you
yapXc0XxWCA-00000-00000017-00000311 begin tonight with brand new CBS polling
yapXc0XxWCA-00001-00000312-00000503 about the Republican Party presidential
yapXc0XxWCA-00002-00000504-00000730 field giving us a better idea of what
yapXc0XxWCA-00003-00000731-00000977 Republican voters think about former
yapXc0XxWCA-00004-00000977-00001175 president Trump he leads a potential
yapXc0XxWCA-00005-00001176-00001481 2024 field by healthy margins with 58
yapXc0XxWCA-00006-00001482-00001660 percent of likely Republican primary
yapXc0XxWCA-00007-00001661-00001895 voters saying they'll vote for him and
yapXc0XxWCA-00008-00001896-00002110 even more Republicans say they're at
yapXc0XxWCA-00009-00002111-00002315 least considering Trump even if they're
yapXc0XxWCA-00010-00002316-00002573 not supporting him right now so for more
yapXc0XxWCA-00011-00002574-00002789 on this CBS News executive director of
yapXc0XxWCA-00012-00002790-00002987 Elections and surveys Anthony salvanto
yapXc0XxWCA-00013-00002988-00003208 joins us now to break this all down hi
yapXc0XxWCA-00014-00003209-00003383 Anthony great to see you here with this
yapXc0XxWCA-00015-00003384-00003640 new poll I want to get your sense on
yapXc0XxWCA-00016-00003642-00003904 this early stage what do primary voters
yapXc0XxWCA-00017-00003905-00004169 say that they want in a candidate hey
yapXc0XxWCA-00018-00004170-00004354 there Caitlin everybody now before
yapXc0XxWCA-00019-00004355-00004583 people can decide something your
yapXc0XxWCA-00020-00004584-00004727 question's right on you have to ask them
yapXc0XxWCA-00021-00004728-00004949 what do they want and when we do that
yapXc0XxWCA-00022-00004950-00005249 you get a list of issues and items that
yapXc0XxWCA-00023-00005250-00005429 sound very much like they're right out
yapXc0XxWCA-00024-00005430-00005741 of the Maga Playbook you get the desire
yapXc0XxWCA-00025-00005742-00006011 for a candidate that challenges woke I
yapXc0XxWCA-00026-00006012-00006311 ideas here's one six and ten say they
yapXc0XxWCA-00027-00006312-00006550 want a candidate who says that Trump won
yapXc0XxWCA-00028-00006551-00006820 in 2020. of course he says that and for
yapXc0XxWCA-00029-00006822-00006989 good measure a majority won a candidate
yapXc0XxWCA-00030-00006990-00007289 that just plain makes liberals angry and
yapXc0XxWCA-00031-00007290-00007469 then each of these categories and then
yapXc0XxWCA-00032-00007470-00007751 some their answer for how they get it is
yapXc0XxWCA-00033-00007752-00008020 vote for Donald Trump now some of this
yapXc0XxWCA-00034-00008022-00008296 Caitlin I should add is a picture of a
yapXc0XxWCA-00035-00008297-00008489 party that still likes the president
yapXc0XxWCA-00036-00008490-00008741 just as much as they did when he left
yapXc0XxWCA-00037-00008742-00008974 office because almost nine to ten nine
yapXc0XxWCA-00038-00008975-00009142 and ten say it's his past performance
yapXc0XxWCA-00039-00009143-00009328 that's a big reason but I do want to
yapXc0XxWCA-00040-00009329-00009551 highlight this because you look at his
yapXc0XxWCA-00041-00009552-00009814 recent legal troubles and has that
yapXc0XxWCA-00042-00009815-00010001 dissuaded anybody well there's
yapXc0XxWCA-00043-00010002-00010277 two-thirds that say that one reason for
yapXc0XxWCA-00044-00010278-00010564 supporting him now is to show support
yapXc0XxWCA-00045-00010565-00010883 for him in those legal fights so it's
yapXc0XxWCA-00046-00010884-00011081 kind of reciprocal in that thing they
yapXc0XxWCA-00047-00011082-00011255 think he's fighting for them and they're
yapXc0XxWCA-00048-00011256-00011405 doing this a little bit to show support
yapXc0XxWCA-00049-00011406-00011645 for him yeah it'll be really interesting
yapXc0XxWCA-00050-00011646-00011891 to see how long that lasts is coalescing
yapXc0XxWCA-00051-00011892-00012071 around Trump in the face of these legal
yapXc0XxWCA-00052-00012072-00012292 investigations but you also say that
yapXc0XxWCA-00053-00012293-00012527 there's some Trump trump fatigue out
yapXc0XxWCA-00054-00012528-00012760 there what exactly is that and does that
yapXc0XxWCA-00055-00012761-00012922 kind of create an opening for other
yapXc0XxWCA-00056-00012923-00013127 candidates maybe yeah see that's a great
yapXc0XxWCA-00057-00013128-00013427 question because you see a quarter about
yapXc0XxWCA-00058-00013428-00013666 a quarter of the GOP electorate now
yapXc0XxWCA-00059-00013668-00013853 they're outnumbered but when you ask
yapXc0XxWCA-00060-00013854-00014033 them how Donald Trump makes them feel
yapXc0XxWCA-00061-00014034-00014435 their top answer is exhausted and they
yapXc0XxWCA-00062-00014436-00014711 also voice concern that he's quote too
yapXc0XxWCA-00063-00014712-00015011 controversial now they're outnumbered at
yapXc0XxWCA-00064-00015012-00015316 this point but yes maybe that becomes an
yapXc0XxWCA-00065-00015318-00015538 opening for other candidates and let me
yapXc0XxWCA-00066-00015540-00015725 show you this final slide if you break
yapXc0XxWCA-00067-00015726-00016043 down that primary field this way there's
yapXc0XxWCA-00068-00016044-00016229 a bit of a floor under Trump there's a
yapXc0XxWCA-00069-00016230-00016408 quarter who say they're only considering
yapXc0XxWCA-00070-00016409-00016594 him there's that about a quarter I
yapXc0XxWCA-00071-00016595-00016733 mentioned you say they're not
yapXc0XxWCA-00072-00016734-00016913 considering him but then there's this
yapXc0XxWCA-00073-00016914-00017099 middle this 40 percent who are
yapXc0XxWCA-00074-00017100-00017279 considering Trump but also other
yapXc0XxWCA-00075-00017280-00017489 candidates and as we go forward I think
yapXc0XxWCA-00076-00017490-00017741 that's the area to watch if there is any
yapXc0XxWCA-00077-00017742-00017867 movement
yapXc0XxWCA-00078-00017868-00018071 yeah still a long way to go but this
yapXc0XxWCA-00079-00018072-00018280 gives us interesting insight as to how
yapXc0XxWCA-00080-00018281-00018497 voters are thinking about their party
yapXc0XxWCA-00081-00018498-00018749 Anthony salvanto as always we thank you
yapXc0XxWCA-00082-00018750-00018850 thank you
yapXc0XxWCA-00083-00018851-00019043 so for more on all of this let's bring
yapXc0XxWCA-00084-00019044-00019247 in Ed O'Keefe and Robert Costa at
yapXc0XxWCA-00085-00019248-00019457 O'Keefe is CBS News senior White House
yapXc0XxWCA-00086-00019458-00019667 and political correspondent and Robert
yapXc0XxWCA-00087-00019668-00019930 is CBS News Chief election and campaign
yapXc0XxWCA-00088-00019931-00020183 correspondent great to see you here both
yapXc0XxWCA-00089-00020184-00020380 of you for our first episode of America
yapXc0XxWCA-00090-00020381-00020536 decides
yapXc0XxWCA-00091-00020537-00020644 um I want to pick your brains a little
yapXc0XxWCA-00092-00020645-00020794 bit because I know we've all been out on
yapXc0XxWCA-00093-00020795-00020957 the campaign Trail covering these early
yapXc0XxWCA-00094-00020958-00021167 stages of the campaign but Bob Anthony
yapXc0XxWCA-00095-00021168-00021371 picked up on a really interesting uh
yapXc0XxWCA-00096-00021372-00021586 nugget in our poll which you know you do
yapXc0XxWCA-00097-00021587-00021779 have a quarter of Republican voters who
yapXc0XxWCA-00098-00021780-00021958 say that they aren't considering Trump
yapXc0XxWCA-00099-00021959-00022150 and you would think that that could
yapXc0XxWCA-00100-00022151-00022264 create an opening for these other
yapXc0XxWCA-00101-00022265-00022471 candidates but we're still seeing some
yapXc0XxWCA-00102-00022472-00022678 reluctance on the part of some
yapXc0XxWCA-00103-00022679-00022889 Republicans to really say anything
yapXc0XxWCA-00104-00022890-00023099 negative about Trump and get into the
yapXc0XxWCA-00105-00023100-00023236 race I mean it looks like a small field
yapXc0XxWCA-00106-00023237-00023428 so far I'm wondering what you what you
yapXc0XxWCA-00107-00023429-00023567 make of that I mean we do still have a
yapXc0XxWCA-00108-00023568-00023771 while to go this poll indicates that
yapXc0XxWCA-00109-00023772-00023950 we're at a Crossroads in the Republican
yapXc0XxWCA-00110-00023951-00024130 presidential race some candidates are
yapXc0XxWCA-00111-00024131-00024305 looking at Trump's ascendance in their
yapXc0XxWCA-00112-00024306-00024503 own priorities and saying no thanks
yapXc0XxWCA-00113-00024504-00024689 Virginia governor Glenn Younkin today
yapXc0XxWCA-00114-00024690-00024922 speaking in California said his Focus
yapXc0XxWCA-00115-00024923-00025175 remains on these off-year elections in
yapXc0XxWCA-00116-00025176-00025342 Virginia but you have someone like
yapXc0XxWCA-00117-00025343-00025492 Senator Tim Scott of South Carolina
yapXc0XxWCA-00118-00025493-00025702 moving closer to an announcement this
yapXc0XxWCA-00119-00025704-00025949 month Florida Governor Ron DeSantis just
yapXc0XxWCA-00120-00025950-00026243 took a trip abroad he continues to make
yapXc0XxWCA-00121-00026244-00026464 moves toward his own presidential run
yapXc0XxWCA-00122-00026466-00026705 there's a belief in other camps within
yapXc0XxWCA-00123-00026706-00026861 the Republican party that Trump is
yapXc0XxWCA-00124-00026862-00027095 gaining strength at this moment inside
yapXc0XxWCA-00125-00027095-00027335 the race but the race remains early and
yapXc0XxWCA-00126-00027336-00027496 Ed from where you sit covering this
yapXc0XxWCA-00127-00027497-00027707 White House covering the the re-election
yapXc0XxWCA-00128-00027708-00027923 campaign of Biden if they see a poll
yapXc0XxWCA-00129-00027924-00028127 like this are they planning on running
yapXc0XxWCA-00130-00028127-00028349 against Donald Trump how would what
yapXc0XxWCA-00131-00028350-00028468 would they take away from this point
yapXc0XxWCA-00132-00028469-00028637 that's a default setting right now
yapXc0XxWCA-00133-00028638-00028774 certainly for the White House and you've
yapXc0XxWCA-00134-00028775-00029105 seen that in the opening week of Biden
yapXc0XxWCA-00135-00029106-00029518 2024 just focus on restoring democracy
yapXc0XxWCA-00136-00029519-00029735 or extreme Republicans and you see a lot
yapXc0XxWCA-00137-00029736-00029968 of imagery of him of certain lawmakers
yapXc0XxWCA-00138-00029969-00030101 who are supportive of former president
yapXc0XxWCA-00139-00030102-00030370 Trump the idea being yes for now it
yapXc0XxWCA-00140-00030372-00030545 looks like a rematch
yapXc0XxWCA-00141-00030545-00030755 they're sort of backstop on that is even
yapXc0XxWCA-00142-00030756-00030917 if it isn't a rematch they all certainly
yapXc0XxWCA-00143-00030918-00031102 think like him or say they would govern
yapXc0XxWCA-00144-00031104-00031223 like him and I think this poll
yapXc0XxWCA-00145-00031224-00031385 reinforces that if they're looking for
yapXc0XxWCA-00146-00031386-00031607 somebody who denies reality in terms of
yapXc0XxWCA-00147-00031608-00032051 the 2020 election uh fights the woke uh
yapXc0XxWCA-00148-00032052-00032231 thought you know that has been a big
yapXc0XxWCA-00149-00032232-00032417 rallying Cry of DeSantis especially and
yapXc0XxWCA-00150-00032418-00032602 some others uh who've been out there
yapXc0XxWCA-00151-00032603-00032818 talking about this uh next campaign
yapXc0XxWCA-00152-00032819-00033149 cycle you know it is it is in essence if
yapXc0XxWCA-00153-00033150-00033293 not the candidate then certainly
yapXc0XxWCA-00154-00033294-00033545 ideology that's been crafted by him and
yapXc0XxWCA-00155-00033546-00033677 so they sit there they're going to see
yapXc0XxWCA-00156-00033678-00033833 this this afternoon and go see this is
yapXc0XxWCA-00157-00033834-00034061 exactly why the strategy we've adopted
yapXc0XxWCA-00158-00034062-00034337 so far should continue because clearly
yapXc0XxWCA-00159-00034338-00034559 Republicans are still uh if not
yapXc0XxWCA-00160-00034560-00034774 completely with him certainly heavily
yapXc0XxWCA-00161-00034775-00034907 influenced by him yeah and I think
yapXc0XxWCA-00162-00034908-00035068 that's why a lot of Republicans want to
yapXc0XxWCA-00163-00035069-00035290 be drawing this contrast with Biden and
yapXc0XxWCA-00164-00035291-00035435 not with each other I mean Bob I thought
yapXc0XxWCA-00165-00035436-00035585 it was interesting last week how
yapXc0XxWCA-00166-00035586-00035818 president Trump did start to go after
yapXc0XxWCA-00167-00035819-00036089 Biden heavily in New Hampshire
yapXc0XxWCA-00168-00036090-00036221 um that was kind of a turn from him
yapXc0XxWCA-00169-00036222-00036359 because he's been focused a lot about
yapXc0XxWCA-00170-00036360-00036527 you know his own grievances about this
yapXc0XxWCA-00171-00036528-00036767 and investigation but do you sense a
yapXc0XxWCA-00172-00036768-00036923 concern within the Republican Party
yapXc0XxWCA-00173-00036924-00037151 about kind of where they are going in
yapXc0XxWCA-00174-00037152-00037301 terms of the nominee or is there a
yapXc0XxWCA-00175-00037302-00037462 feeling that there's still a lot of time
yapXc0XxWCA-00176-00037463-00037768 to go before they really have to start
yapXc0XxWCA-00177-00037769-00038009 figuring out a way to not have Donald
yapXc0XxWCA-00178-00038010-00038183 Trump as the nominee when you look at
yapXc0XxWCA-00179-00038184-00038417 the CBS News poll it's evident that so
yapXc0XxWCA-00180-00038418-00038585 many quarters within the Republican
yapXc0XxWCA-00181-00038586-00038795 party so many voters are still with that
yapXc0XxWCA-00182-00038796-00039071 Trump vein of ideology and they're not
yapXc0XxWCA-00183-00039072-00039233 moving away from it there are those
yapXc0XxWCA-00184-00039234-00039407 within the Republican party like former
yapXc0XxWCA-00185-00039408-00039562 vice president Mike Pence who sat down
yapXc0XxWCA-00186-00039563-00039749 with CBS News last week who would like
yapXc0XxWCA-00187-00039750-00039923 to see it return to a more traditional
yapXc0XxWCA-00188-00039924-00040168 conservative message on many policies
yapXc0XxWCA-00189-00040169-00040480 and he might decide to run to put that
yapXc0XxWCA-00190-00040481-00040709 forward as a platform to say we can go
yapXc0XxWCA-00191-00040710-00040883 back to movement conservatism
yapXc0XxWCA-00192-00040884-00041117 traditional Republican ideas but that's
yapXc0XxWCA-00193-00041118-00041387 going to be like changing a major cruise
yapXc0XxWCA-00194-00041388-00041680 ship in mid in mid-course this
yapXc0XxWCA-00195-00041681-00041843 Republican party has been moving along
yapXc0XxWCA-00196-00041844-00042118 the Trump Trail the Trump path for so
yapXc0XxWCA-00197-00042119-00042346 long to bring it back to kind of that
yapXc0XxWCA-00198-00042347-00042665 reaganite position on foreign policy and
yapXc0XxWCA-00199-00042666-00042880 trade and other issues will take quite a
yapXc0XxWCA-00200-00042881-00043115 lot of political capital and persuasion
yapXc0XxWCA-00201-00043116-00043235 and that's why so many people believe
yapXc0XxWCA-00202-00043236-00043445 it's an uphill climb but look at those
yapXc0XxWCA-00203-00043446-00043645 numbers what did it say 25
yapXc0XxWCA-00204-00043646-00044099 with Trump about 24 25 totally opposed
yapXc0XxWCA-00205-00044100-00044380 to him and 49 in the middle you take 49
yapXc0XxWCA-00206-00044381-00044699 plus 24 that beats 25 so the math is
yapXc0XxWCA-00207-00044700-00044915 still there somebody could do the Math's
yapXc0XxWCA-00208-00044916-00045040 there but who's the candidate exactly
yapXc0XxWCA-00209-00045041-00045215 that's what you're waiting to see and
yapXc0XxWCA-00210-00045216-00045365 that's that's what's so challenging is
yapXc0XxWCA-00211-00045366-00045539 turning that cruise ship is going to
yapXc0XxWCA-00212-00045540-00045749 take several months probably if not most
yapXc0XxWCA-00213-00045750-00045977 of the next year and who has the name
yapXc0XxWCA-00214-00045978-00046157 recognition the money the ability to do
yapXc0XxWCA-00215-00046158-00046349 that against a former president who just
yapXc0XxWCA-00216-00046350-00046612 has astronomical name ID and loyalty
yapXc0XxWCA-00217-00046613-00046774 certainly built in well and speaking of
yapXc0XxWCA-00218-00046775-00046937 that loyalty what stuck out to me too is
yapXc0XxWCA-00219-00046938-00047099 that Republican primary voters don't
yapXc0XxWCA-00220-00047100-00047249 want these other candidates attacking
yapXc0XxWCA-00221-00047250-00047380 Trump and that's why we really haven't
yapXc0XxWCA-00222-00047381-00047573 seen the gloves come off yes we see some
yapXc0XxWCA-00223-00047574-00047758 of them going after each other trying to
yapXc0XxWCA-00224-00047759-00047957 kind of Vie for the alternative I mean
yapXc0XxWCA-00225-00047958-00048155 one line of attack that a republican
yapXc0XxWCA-00226-00048156-00048377 Nikki Haley is waging against this
yapXc0XxWCA-00227-00048378-00048635 President and um against former
yapXc0XxWCA-00228-00048636-00048887 president Trump too is this age Factor
yapXc0XxWCA-00229-00048888-00049018 um it's a question that we've been
yapXc0XxWCA-00230-00049019-00049193 asking Republican candidates I want to
yapXc0XxWCA-00231-00049194-00049318 play a little bit of some of our
yapXc0XxWCA-00232-00049319-00049474 conversations and we'll talk about it on
yapXc0XxWCA-00233-00049475-00049715 the other side
yapXc0XxWCA-00234-00049716-00049985 my problems with President Biden are are
yapXc0XxWCA-00235-00049986-00050189 the failures of his policies at home and
yapXc0XxWCA-00236-00050190-00050368 abroad I think I think this
yapXc0XxWCA-00237-00050369-00050530 Administration has weakened America's
yapXc0XxWCA-00238-00050531-00050777 place in the world I think that he has
yapXc0XxWCA-00239-00050778-00051046 been a poor leader for America the
yapXc0XxWCA-00240-00051047-00051196 question to me is that physical or
yapXc0XxWCA-00241-00051197-00051514 mental I think he's just not been a very
yapXc0XxWCA-00242-00051515-00051707 good president
yapXc0XxWCA-00243-00051708-00051946 so you have those Republicans really not
yapXc0XxWCA-00244-00051947-00052169 wanting to engage on this issue of age
yapXc0XxWCA-00245-00052170-00052390 but others like Haley I mentioned really
yapXc0XxWCA-00246-00052391-00052535 taking it head-on
yapXc0XxWCA-00247-00052536-00052816 um how is the Biden team dealing with
yapXc0XxWCA-00248-00052817-00053032 all of this I mean he often says watch
yapXc0XxWCA-00249-00053033-00053285 me but age is a significant factor it is
yapXc0XxWCA-00250-00053286-00053500 uh one way he's dealing with it now is
yapXc0XxWCA-00251-00053501-00053819 humor we saw it most notably now over
yapXc0XxWCA-00252-00053820-00053909 the weekend at the White House
yapXc0XxWCA-00253-00053910-00054082 correspondence dinner but even before
yapXc0XxWCA-00254-00054083-00054238 that there were events last week at the
yapXc0XxWCA-00255-00054239-00054400 White House where he was making
yapXc0XxWCA-00256-00054401-00054580 references to something like Dwight
yapXc0XxWCA-00257-00054582-00054737 Eisenhower had done and he said You know
yapXc0XxWCA-00258-00054738-00054941 despite what the media might tell you I
yapXc0XxWCA-00259-00054941-00055103 was not there I am not a friend of his
yapXc0XxWCA-00260-00055104-00055342 you know being somewhat more self-aware
yapXc0XxWCA-00261-00055344-00055607 it's cute it makes us laugh but I wonder
yapXc0XxWCA-00262-00055608-00055859 how that helps or hurts him and does it
yapXc0XxWCA-00263-00055860-00056111 not reinforce what some have said which
yapXc0XxWCA-00264-00056112-00056291 is like you know they may like the guy
yapXc0XxWCA-00265-00056291-00056416 they may like what he's done but they
yapXc0XxWCA-00266-00056417-00056530 just worry he's going to die in office
yapXc0XxWCA-00267-00056532-00056819 and Nikki Haley going there in the last
yapXc0XxWCA-00268-00056820-00056957 week and saying that's what's going to
yapXc0XxWCA-00269-00056958-00057082 happen and the question is a
yapXc0XxWCA-00270-00057083-00057299 six-year-old die you know does Nikki
yapXc0XxWCA-00271-00057300-00057509 Haley not only go there with Biden with
yapXc0XxWCA-00272-00057510-00057641 the president but does she go there with
yapXc0XxWCA-00273-00057641-00057815 Trump on the debate eight stage or that
yapXc0XxWCA-00274-00057816-00057988 we're at this pre-debate moment in the
yapXc0XxWCA-00275-00057989-00058175 Republican race where these could be
yapXc0XxWCA-00276-00058176-00058403 breakout moments for someone like Vivek
yapXc0XxWCA-00277-00058404-00058654 ramaswamy to say if he has a young
yapXc0XxWCA-00278-00058655-00058847 youthful appearance on stage and
yapXc0XxWCA-00279-00058848-00059050 navigates the Trump question pretty
yapXc0XxWCA-00280-00059051-00059254 pretty expertly he could have a moment
yapXc0XxWCA-00281-00059255-00059416 it reminds me of how Pete Buddha judge
yapXc0XxWCA-00282-00059417-00059632 had an ex breakout moment back in the
yapXc0XxWCA-00283-00059633-00059842 2020 race for how he handled these kind
yapXc0XxWCA-00284-00059844-00060088 of national televised forums but for now
yapXc0XxWCA-00285-00060089-00060250 they're all just taking these shots at
yapXc0XxWCA-00286-00060251-00060485 Trump through ads through their own
yapXc0XxWCA-00287-00060486-00060665 stops will they do it to his face on a
yapXc0XxWCA-00288-00060666-00060809 debate stage of course that means Trump
yapXc0XxWCA-00289-00060810-00060947 has to show up at the debates which
yapXc0XxWCA-00290-00060948-00061157 isn't necessarily guaranteed yeah that's
yapXc0XxWCA-00291-00061158-00061294 a really good point and on the age
yapXc0XxWCA-00292-00061295-00061457 factor I mean we did polling back in
yapXc0XxWCA-00293-00061458-00061642 August that showed you know something of
yapXc0XxWCA-00294-00061644-00061816 73 percent of Voters said that they
yapXc0XxWCA-00295-00061817-00062075 would like an age limit for politicians
yapXc0XxWCA-00296-00062076-00062230 so there is some appetite there what's
yapXc0XxWCA-00297-00062232-00062369 interesting to me too is that you're
yapXc0XxWCA-00298-00062370-00062566 seeing Republicans really focus on
yapXc0XxWCA-00299-00062567-00062753 Kamala Harris in light of this you
yapXc0XxWCA-00300-00062754-00062950 mentioned that Nikki Haley suggested
yapXc0XxWCA-00301-00062951-00063238 that Biden may not live uh out his term
yapXc0XxWCA-00302-00063239-00063400 if re-elected
yapXc0XxWCA-00303-00063401-00063616 um how how are is the White House how
yapXc0XxWCA-00304-00063617-00063821 are are by and folks kind of feeling
yapXc0XxWCA-00305-00063822-00064042 about Kamala Harris now I mean she's
yapXc0XxWCA-00306-00064044-00064199 going to be in the spotlight for that
yapXc0XxWCA-00307-00064200-00064504 reason she is and it was striking to
yapXc0XxWCA-00308-00064505-00064816 talk to people who were at the events
yapXc0XxWCA-00309-00064817-00065123 that the BNC and the Biden reelect held
yapXc0XxWCA-00310-00065124-00065369 Friday and Saturday for essentially
yapXc0XxWCA-00311-00065370-00065537 their top donors people that are going
yapXc0XxWCA-00312-00065538-00065735 to raise the most money for them how
yapXc0XxWCA-00313-00065736-00066023 unsolicited few of them I spoke to said
yapXc0XxWCA-00314-00066024-00066244 and by the way the vice president was
yapXc0XxWCA-00315-00066245-00066449 just wonderful she went table to table
yapXc0XxWCA-00316-00066450-00066682 she you know shook everybody's hands she
yapXc0XxWCA-00317-00066683-00066905 took selfies she said I love you she
yapXc0XxWCA-00318-00066906-00067132 said call anytime which is something she
yapXc0XxWCA-00319-00067133-00067349 had not done four years ago something
yapXc0XxWCA-00320-00067350-00067493 she wasn't known to do when she was
yapXc0XxWCA-00321-00067494-00067685 running for the Senate but something she
yapXc0XxWCA-00322-00067686-00067847 now understands she has to do okay so
yapXc0XxWCA-00323-00067848-00068026 you've scratched the backs of the people
yapXc0XxWCA-00324-00068027-00068231 most critical to a campaign's bankroll
yapXc0XxWCA-00325-00068232-00068429 at least now the question is how do you
yapXc0XxWCA-00326-00068430-00068579 send her out publicly the plan is
yapXc0XxWCA-00327-00068580-00068776 apparently in the works to get her out
yapXc0XxWCA-00328-00068777-00068944 there more often keep her talking about
yapXc0XxWCA-00329-00068945-00069113 abortion rights and other issues that
yapXc0XxWCA-00330-00069114-00069275 are important to the Democratic base but
yapXc0XxWCA-00331-00069276-00069388 they're going to have to address this
yapXc0XxWCA-00332-00069389-00069563 problem it keeps coming up and and
yapXc0XxWCA-00333-00069564-00069743 Haley's attack is is a good example of
yapXc0XxWCA-00334-00069744-00069947 it she's been on the road talking about
yapXc0XxWCA-00335-00069948-00070193 abortion rights I mean she seems to be
yapXc0XxWCA-00336-00070194-00070385 arriving right now at her political
yapXc0XxWCA-00337-00070386-00070571 Sweet Spot how did she gain National
yapXc0XxWCA-00338-00070572-00070787 promise she's in the Senate and she's
yapXc0XxWCA-00339-00070788-00070937 really questioning Supreme Court
yapXc0XxWCA-00340-00070938-00071165 nominees on the accountability question
yapXc0XxWCA-00341-00071166-00071363 when they get nominated for the Supreme
yapXc0XxWCA-00342-00071364-00071597 Court so Court accountability Supreme
yapXc0XxWCA-00343-00071598-00071776 Court accountability that was her issue
yapXc0XxWCA-00344-00071777-00071932 that helped her when she ran for
yapXc0XxWCA-00345-00071933-00072053 president she didn't win the nomination
yapXc0XxWCA-00346-00072054-00072250 but that got her in the conversation in
yapXc0XxWCA-00347-00072251-00072425 a big way maybe even helped her get on
yapXc0XxWCA-00348-00072426-00072641 the National Ticket now she's back to
yapXc0XxWCA-00349-00072642-00072826 the same theme Supreme Court
yapXc0XxWCA-00350-00072827-00073037 accountability coupled with abortion
yapXc0XxWCA-00351-00073038-00073181 rights which is in that same ballpark
yapXc0XxWCA-00352-00073182-00073481 and so you see her now finding that zone
yapXc0XxWCA-00353-00073482-00073649 and she's comfortable in that zone when
yapXc0XxWCA-00354-00073650-00073853 you watch her on the trail so yeah she's
yapXc0XxWCA-00355-00073854-00073985 talking to donors more that's really
yapXc0XxWCA-00356-00073986-00074141 interesting reporting she's giving them
yapXc0XxWCA-00357-00074142-00074321 more of a touch behind the scenes but
yapXc0XxWCA-00358-00074322-00074500 when it comes to her rhetoric this is
yapXc0XxWCA-00359-00074501-00074705 where she likes to be she's not
yapXc0XxWCA-00360-00074706-00074938 wandering off into some fresh area where
yapXc0XxWCA-00361-00074939-00075106 she may get challenged she knows these
yapXc0XxWCA-00362-00075107-00075347 issues yeah kind of re-establish
yapXc0XxWCA-00363-00075348-00075509 credibility with the base
yapXc0XxWCA-00364-00075510-00075694 worry about swing voters after that
yapXc0XxWCA-00365-00075695-00075953 still a long time until November 2024.
yapXc0XxWCA-00366-00075954-00076126 but they see these attacks coming from
yapXc0XxWCA-00367-00076127-00076294 Haley and others and they definitely
yapXc0XxWCA-00368-00076295-00076456 know it's it's a weak spot yeah she'll
yapXc0XxWCA-00369-00076457-00076619 be in the spotlight for a variety of
yapXc0XxWCA-00370-00076620-00076756 reasons for that
yapXc0XxWCA-00371-00076757-00076949 um Bob and Ed great to have you both
yapXc0XxWCA-00372-00076950-00077123 with us and I know that you will be
yapXc0XxWCA-00373-00077124-00077369 anchoring later this week both of you
yapXc0XxWCA-00374-00077370-00077669 um Bob on Thursday and Ed tomorrow right
yapXc0XxWCA-00375-00077670-00077891 here so join us again and we'll see you
yapXc0XxWCA-00376-00077892-00078098 then
ydmFrLY3_aY-00000-00000028-00000359 hello everyone and welcome to horses
ydmFrLY3_aY-00001-00000360-00000671 with hula chow down and your host hula
ydmFrLY3_aY-00002-00000672-00000970 chow down don't forget to subscribe if
ydmFrLY3_aY-00003-00000971-00001216 you like this kind of content give me a
ydmFrLY3_aY-00004-00001217-00001535 thumbs up or thumbs down if that's what
ydmFrLY3_aY-00005-00001536-00001834 you want to do and I hope you enjoyed
ydmFrLY3_aY-00006-00001835-00002585 this unboxing first Etsy
ydmFrLY3_aY-00007-00002586-00003417 [Music]
ydmFrLY3_aY-00008-00003418-00003901 so I finally got my Ipsy for July I
ydmFrLY3_aY-00009-00003902-00004144 think it was late because of like all
ydmFrLY3_aY-00010-00004145-00004321 the holidays its beginning of the month
ydmFrLY3_aY-00011-00004322-00004696 but let's see what I got I kind of
ydmFrLY3_aY-00012-00004697-00005289 forget at this point and you know that's
ydmFrLY3_aY-00013-00005290-00005920 oh I got this like beach waterproof
ydmFrLY3_aY-00014-00005921-00006489 mascara and it's like in a tube form
ydmFrLY3_aY-00015-00006490-00007531 it's like this
ydmFrLY3_aY-00016-00007533-00007995 so that's kind of cool I will try that
ydmFrLY3_aY-00017-00007997-00008501 we got a brush from firma
ydmFrLY3_aY-00018-00008502-00009001 it's the 204 looks kind of just like a
ydmFrLY3_aY-00019-00009002-00009578 medium kind of brush grab shadow you
ydmFrLY3_aY-00020-00009579-00010337 know maybe something like that and we
ydmFrLY3_aY-00021-00010338-00010736 got this the take glow to highlighter
ydmFrLY3_aY-00022-00010737-00011207 let's see what color oh hey just
ydmFrLY3_aY-00023-00011208-00011396 seriously like I hate it when they do
ydmFrLY3_aY-00024-00011397-00011630 this I hate it when they cheap out on
ydmFrLY3_aY-00025-00011631-00011990 packaging like really like cuz I want to
ydmFrLY3_aY-00026-00011991-00012224 carry around a plastic thing like this I
ydmFrLY3_aY-00027-00012225-00012575 guess you could put it in a case but you
ydmFrLY3_aY-00028-00012576-00012863 know I know it's a sample but what's
ydmFrLY3_aY-00029-00012863-00013294 what's real people I don't want to carry
ydmFrLY3_aY-00030-00013296-00013647 this around there's a little container
ydmFrLY3_aY-00031-00013649-00014162 let's see I don't know if you can see it
ydmFrLY3_aY-00032-00014163-00014384 but it's just kind of like a nice kind
ydmFrLY3_aY-00033-00014385-00014997 of peach champagne e shimmery shade
ydmFrLY3_aY-00034-00014998-00015302 looks good I just wish it was in
ydmFrLY3_aY-00035-00015303-00015758 actually a little container instead of
ydmFrLY3_aY-00036-00015759-00016379 in plastic come on CIT it's not like
ydmFrLY3_aY-00037-00016380-00016703 it's cheap makeup like we're not talking
ydmFrLY3_aY-00038-00016704-00017021 about drugstore special here I know it's
ydmFrLY3_aY-00039-00017022-00017561 a sample but stuff still um and then I
ydmFrLY3_aY-00040-00017562-00017900 got the pur Lisse matcha green tea and
ydmFrLY3_aY-00041-00017901-00018317 the oxidant priming moisturizer so this
ydmFrLY3_aY-00042-00018318-00018656 was probably good for there somewhere
ydmFrLY3_aY-00043-00018657-00018866 really for me because I have combination
ydmFrLY3_aY-00044-00018867-00019219 skin and it's more oily in the summer
ydmFrLY3_aY-00045-00019220-00019594 obviously it's hot and humid and like
ydmFrLY3_aY-00046-00019595-00019972 today I died I was riding and I was like
ydmFrLY3_aY-00047-00019973-00020378 wow I'm dying it's 35 degrees like it's
ydmFrLY3_aY-00048-00020379-00020680 too hot and my hair was nice and now
ydmFrLY3_aY-00049-00020681-00021172 just a frizzy mess because like it my
ydmFrLY3_aY-00050-00021173-00021748 hair got so so sweat it was just yeah
ydmFrLY3_aY-00051-00021749-00022450 this will be good for days like today so
ydmFrLY3_aY-00052-00022451-00022897 yeah posing for thumbnails but this is
ydmFrLY3_aY-00053-00022898-00023222 the bag it's actually a really cute bag
ydmFrLY3_aY-00054-00023223-00023392 like no joke
ydmFrLY3_aY-00055-00023393-00023800 I'm I would put this in my backpack and
ydmFrLY3_aY-00056-00023801-00024358 just kind of go on with my day so here's
ydmFrLY3_aY-00057-00024359-00024703 the little thing with a little bit of
ydmFrLY3_aY-00058-00024704-00025442 what's in here yeah and I think I was
ydmFrLY3_aY-00059-00025443-00025806 right the brush is a wide blending brush
ydmFrLY3_aY-00060-00025807-00026693 and it is ideal for playing eyeshadow so
ydmFrLY3_aY-00061-00026694-00027281 that I was right about that I got this
ydmFrLY3_aY-00062-00027282-00027770 Smashbox it is a Smashbox always on the
ydmFrLY3_aY-00063-00027770-00028243 liquid lipstick let's see let's see what
ydmFrLY3_aY-00064-00028244-00028826 color that is
ydmFrLY3_aY-00065-00028827-00029036 someone needs to teach Matt's watch cook
ydmFrLY3_aY-00066-00029037-00029186 like I don't know what I'm doing but
ydmFrLY3_aY-00067-00029187-00029770 it's like a nice kind of like pinky I'm
ydmFrLY3_aY-00068-00029772-00030121 gonna color I don't know I think I think
ydmFrLY3_aY-00069-00030122-00030439 I'd use it I think they look good and
ydmFrLY3_aY-00070-00030441-00030629 it's like a small so it's kind of nice
ydmFrLY3_aY-00071-00030630-00030983 pop it in your bag or whatever and I'm
ydmFrLY3_aY-00072-00030983-00031162 actually really excited about this
ydmFrLY3_aY-00073-00031163-00031471 because I actually do like this primer
ydmFrLY3_aY-00074-00031472-00031696 so it's awesome to get more samples just
ydmFrLY3_aY-00075-00031697-00031955 like just pop it in your bag when you're
ydmFrLY3_aY-00076-00031956-00032279 traveling or you know just doing your
ydmFrLY3_aY-00077-00032280-00032402 makeup in the car you don't want to
ydmFrLY3_aY-00078-00032402-00032552 carry the giant thing you've got the
ydmFrLY3_aY-00079-00032552-00033001 little travel-size so this is the CIPA
ydmFrLY3_aY-00080-00033002-00033593 watermelon burst hydrating primer so
ydmFrLY3_aY-00081-00033594-00033883 it's like really good I don't know I
ydmFrLY3_aY-00082-00033884-00034195 like it and this smells good
ydmFrLY3_aY-00083-00034196-00035204 that's pretty much it so I got a Dibble
ydmFrLY3_aY-00084-00035205-00035812 mask thing and one is pore tightening
ydmFrLY3_aY-00085-00035813-00036212 sleeping mask and one is the vitalizer
ydmFrLY3_aY-00086-00036213-00036539 sleeping mask so I'm assuming it's like
ydmFrLY3_aY-00087-00036540-00037486 a cream and you put it on your face and
ydmFrLY3_aY-00088-00037487-00038108 so yeah I guess I could try it out and
ydmFrLY3_aY-00089-00038109-00038609 see if I like it yeah last but not least
ydmFrLY3_aY-00090-00038610-00039071 I got red earth Brighton concentrate
ydmFrLY3_aY-00091-00039072-00039773 oil with cut to do plumb in this little
ydmFrLY3_aY-00092-00039774-00040552 bottle here let's see what else is this
ydmFrLY3_aY-00093-00040553-00040958 pretty much just like put it on it's 93
ydmFrLY3_aY-00094-00040959-00041231 percent natural ingredients helps
ydmFrLY3_aY-00095-00041232-00041819 brighten rejuvenate and refresh it yeah
ydmFrLY3_aY-00096-00041820-00042158 it's a form of vitamin C so if you're
ydmFrLY3_aY-00097-00042159-00042494 about that you can put this on and your
ydmFrLY3_aY-00098-00042495-00042979 skin will glow like a lot I guess I
ydmFrLY3_aY-00099-00042980-00043205 don't know I might give this to like my
ydmFrLY3_aY-00100-00043206-00043439 mom or something I don't really use a
ydmFrLY3_aY-00101-00043440-00043643 whole lot of that I guess you get a lot
ydmFrLY3_aY-00102-00043644-00044015 of glow when I just naturally kind of go
ydmFrLY3_aY-00103-00044016-00044342 outside and my oils come and my skin is
ydmFrLY3_aY-00104-00044343-00044579 quite Chloe I don't really need to add
ydmFrLY3_aY-00105-00044580-00044921 more to that perks of being young and
ydmFrLY3_aY-00106-00044922-00045499 athletic I don't know but anyways
ydmFrLY3_aY-00107-00045500-00045938 overall I think it was like it kind of
ydmFrLY3_aY-00108-00045939-00046376 bag like three and a half maybe stars
ydmFrLY3_aY-00109-00046377-00046901 like there's some things I like but you
ydmFrLY3_aY-00110-00046902-00047480 know I've seen better once I would be
ydmFrLY3_aY-00111-00047481-00047723 interested to see what all of you guys
ydmFrLY3_aY-00112-00047724-00047972 get because obviously it's different
ydmFrLY3_aY-00113-00047973-00048272 each time so maybe like my survey is
ydmFrLY3_aY-00114-00048273-00048658 just kind of like weird and they picked
ydmFrLY3_aY-00115-00048659-00048950 weird stuff for me I mean it's not like
ydmFrLY3_aY-00116-00048951-00049175 I don't like this stuff I will probably
ydmFrLY3_aY-00117-00049176-00049595 use it it's just not maybe exactly what
ydmFrLY3_aY-00118-00049596-00049925 I would have liked but I know like in
ydmFrLY3_aY-00119-00049926-00050180 the last few kind of bags like I've been
ydmFrLY3_aY-00120-00050181-00050372 looking at all the other options and
ydmFrLY3_aY-00121-00050373-00050618 it's not like there was a ton of
ydmFrLY3_aY-00122-00050619-00051056 so I was like yes yes yes I want that
ydmFrLY3_aY-00123-00051057-00051565 like it was kind of like I don't want
ydmFrLY3_aY-00124-00051566-00051824 that there's like a few months ago it
ydmFrLY3_aY-00125-00051825-00052175 was like that that that that that you
ydmFrLY3_aY-00126-00052176-00052352 know so I think it just depends on the
ydmFrLY3_aY-00127-00052353-00052567 month and what theme they're going for
ydmFrLY3_aY-00128-00052569-00052919 and think last month it was what there's
ydmFrLY3_aY-00129-00052920-00053135 a lot more skin care and I think maybe
ydmFrLY3_aY-00130-00053136-00053305 this month there's a lot of skin care
ydmFrLY3_aY-00131-00053307-00053513 because it's summer so maybe they're
ydmFrLY3_aY-00132-00053514-00053687 like people don't really wear a ton of
ydmFrLY3_aY-00133-00053688-00053996 makeup and summer just make your skin
ydmFrLY3_aY-00134-00053997-00054472 glow naturally I don't I don't know
ydmFrLY3_aY-00135-00054473-00054770 that's my thought I would like to see
ydmFrLY3_aY-00136-00054771-00055169 what everyone else got because you know
ydmFrLY3_aY-00137-00055170-00055436 it's just interesting it's interesting
ydmFrLY3_aY-00138-00055437-00057448 um that's pretty much it yeah so bye
ydmFrLY3_aY-00139-00057449-00059574 [Music]
ydmFrLY3_aY-00140-00059575-00059759 you
ydmFrLY3_aY-00141-00059760-00060065 [Music]
yijU1CeOWuY-00000-00000008-00000167 hey rockford jake here today i'm joined
yijU1CeOWuY-00001-00000168-00000311 by chris from 40
yijU1CeOWuY-00002-00000312-00000551 000 steps how's it going chris oh it's
yijU1CeOWuY-00003-00000552-00000671 awesome how are you jay
yijU1CeOWuY-00004-00000672-00000935 doing great great thank you so tell me a
yijU1CeOWuY-00005-00000936-00000999 little bit
yijU1CeOWuY-00006-00001000-00001335 about 40 000 steps well it was a couple
yijU1CeOWuY-00007-00001336-00001431 of years ago
yijU1CeOWuY-00008-00001432-00001566 that i went through treatment for
yijU1CeOWuY-00009-00001567-00001823 alcoholism um it had kind of been a slow
yijU1CeOWuY-00010-00001823-00002014 burn for a long time got to the point
yijU1CeOWuY-00011-00002016-00002079 where
yijU1CeOWuY-00012-00002080-00002318 i was drinking my way through every day
yijU1CeOWuY-00013-00002319-00002510 finally i kind of cracked up and i went
yijU1CeOWuY-00014-00002511-00002639 through treatment
yijU1CeOWuY-00015-00002640-00002855 and the day after i got out i did what
yijU1CeOWuY-00016-00002856-00002983 nobody should really do and i ran a
yijU1CeOWuY-00017-00002984-00003134 marathon
yijU1CeOWuY-00018-00003135-00003367 and that afternoon i sat down and i
yijU1CeOWuY-00019-00003368-00003503 started journaling and i quickly
yijU1CeOWuY-00020-00003504-00003606 realized that it was going to be a
yijU1CeOWuY-00021-00003607-00003679 memoir
yijU1CeOWuY-00022-00003679-00003911 yeah so i write the memoir which takes a
yijU1CeOWuY-00023-00003911-00004159 long time but it was a labor of love
yijU1CeOWuY-00024-00004160-00004311 and then i realized okay well if i'm
yijU1CeOWuY-00025-00004312-00004495 gonna be able to sell my book i need a
yijU1CeOWuY-00026-00004496-00004711 platform so i started doing the uh
yijU1CeOWuY-00027-00004712-00004991 a live stream show on a podcast which we
yijU1CeOWuY-00028-00004992-00005151 just finally launched it this past
yijU1CeOWuY-00029-00005152-00005222 november
yijU1CeOWuY-00030-00005223-00005438 congratulations thank you yeah i think
yijU1CeOWuY-00031-00005439-00005599 the big thing with my story is it's so
yijU1CeOWuY-00032-00005600-00005695 accessible
yijU1CeOWuY-00033-00005696-00005838 like there's a startling number of
yijU1CeOWuY-00034-00005839-00006015 people who are walking around with a
yijU1CeOWuY-00035-00006016-00006167 problem with addiction who aren't
yijU1CeOWuY-00036-00006168-00006270 getting help
yijU1CeOWuY-00037-00006271-00006454 so that's really what i try to create is
yijU1CeOWuY-00038-00006455-00006631 this community where it's safe for
yijU1CeOWuY-00039-00006631-00006775 people to talk
yijU1CeOWuY-00040-00006776-00007039 share ideas share stories work on tools
yijU1CeOWuY-00041-00007040-00007127 together
yijU1CeOWuY-00042-00007128-00007255 and you know it's just a place where
yijU1CeOWuY-00043-00007256-00007431 it's cliche but you know we we can laugh
yijU1CeOWuY-00044-00007431-00007559 and we can cry together
yijU1CeOWuY-00045-00007559-00007895 yeah so we do we now are doing a weekly
yijU1CeOWuY-00046-00007895-00008191 podcast we feature anything from i just
yijU1CeOWuY-00047-00008192-00008342 got done interviewing a guy who's an
yijU1CeOWuY-00048-00008343-00008535 iron man who spent 10 years
yijU1CeOWuY-00049-00008536-00008823 as an opiate addict wow um we have
yijU1CeOWuY-00050-00008824-00009046 experts on the show i've had a bar owner
yijU1CeOWuY-00051-00009047-00009191 on the show because we want to get you
yijU1CeOWuY-00052-00009192-00009223 know
yijU1CeOWuY-00053-00009224-00009446 every perspective on what's a really
yijU1CeOWuY-00054-00009447-00009559 difficult
yijU1CeOWuY-00055-00009560-00009878 uh issue to talk about that's
yijU1CeOWuY-00056-00009879-00010023 i mean that's really a driving thing
yijU1CeOWuY-00057-00010024-00010278 with this right is to get after that
yijU1CeOWuY-00058-00010279-00010383 stigma
yijU1CeOWuY-00059-00010384-00010542 because this is the sort of stuff that
yijU1CeOWuY-00060-00010543-00010695 people don't want to bring out into the
yijU1CeOWuY-00061-00010696-00010838 open and talk about
yijU1CeOWuY-00062-00010839-00011078 and that's what keeps a guy like me like
yijU1CeOWuY-00063-00011079-00011295 a high functioning alcoholic
yijU1CeOWuY-00064-00011296-00011471 you know that that's what keeps me from
yijU1CeOWuY-00065-00011472-00011655 talking about it yeah that's one thing
yijU1CeOWuY-00066-00011656-00011774 that you'd said in our little like
yijU1CeOWuY-00067-00011775-00011942 pre-recording chat was
yijU1CeOWuY-00068-00011943-00012063 like the surprising number of people
yijU1CeOWuY-00069-00012064-00012270 that are out there where on the surface
yijU1CeOWuY-00070-00012271-00012438 you run into them on the street and you
yijU1CeOWuY-00071-00012439-00012542 would never suspect
yijU1CeOWuY-00072-00012543-00012655 that they're going through that kind of
yijU1CeOWuY-00073-00012656-00012886 struggle but behind the scenes
yijU1CeOWuY-00074-00012887-00013166 they are dealing with you know the
yijU1CeOWuY-00075-00013168-00013286 throes of addiction
yijU1CeOWuY-00076-00013287-00013486 you know it was insanity the way that i
yijU1CeOWuY-00077-00013487-00013647 would drink my way through the work day
yijU1CeOWuY-00078-00013647-00013719 which meant
yijU1CeOWuY-00079-00013719-00013951 i'd be going to the courthouse every day
yijU1CeOWuY-00080-00013952-00014047 i'd be getting
yijU1CeOWuY-00081-00014047-00014279 you know wanted by sheriff's deputies
yijU1CeOWuY-00082-00014280-00014471 and bailiffs and i managed to go through
yijU1CeOWuY-00083-00014472-00014671 there on a daily basis and nobody was
yijU1CeOWuY-00084-00014672-00014815 any the wiser
yijU1CeOWuY-00085-00014816-00015047 um so yeah a lot of us when we're in the
yijU1CeOWuY-00086-00015047-00015191 throes of addiction
yijU1CeOWuY-00087-00015191-00015399 we are very good at hiding it i always
yijU1CeOWuY-00088-00015400-00015511 say that i was like
yijU1CeOWuY-00089-00015512-00015830 a ninja with my addiction i mean my wife
yijU1CeOWuY-00090-00015831-00016030 found out a few times she'd find empties
yijU1CeOWuY-00091-00016031-00016271 and we'd have that brutal conversation
yijU1CeOWuY-00092-00016272-00016479 but eventually it'd always be like you
yijU1CeOWuY-00093-00016480-00016663 know i get clean for a couple of days
yijU1CeOWuY-00094-00016664-00016822 right but then it would become like one
yijU1CeOWuY-00095-00016823-00016983 more time for the last time and i'd be
yijU1CeOWuY-00096-00016984-00017119 right back in it again
yijU1CeOWuY-00097-00017120-00017327 yeah and it kind of took me hitting and
yijU1CeOWuY-00098-00017328-00017494 i hate this term but it took me hitting
yijU1CeOWuY-00099-00017495-00017647 a sort of rock bottom
yijU1CeOWuY-00100-00017648-00017822 where i snapped and walked out of work
yijU1CeOWuY-00101-00017823-00017999 and checked into treatment
yijU1CeOWuY-00102-00018000-00018239 um i i don't think that people need to
yijU1CeOWuY-00103-00018240-00018414 hit that hollywood rock bottom
yijU1CeOWuY-00104-00018415-00018639 of losing everything losing their job
yijU1CeOWuY-00105-00018640-00018750 their family their
yijU1CeOWuY-00106-00018751-00019071 you know their their house so
yijU1CeOWuY-00107-00019072-00019327 if if my show can accomplish that if it
yijU1CeOWuY-00108-00019328-00019503 can kind of create a safe place where
yijU1CeOWuY-00109-00019504-00019679 people can reach out
yijU1CeOWuY-00110-00019680-00019894 get some help get some advice or just
yijU1CeOWuY-00111-00019895-00020086 feel a place of belonging in that
yijU1CeOWuY-00112-00020087-00020175 community
yijU1CeOWuY-00113-00020176-00020414 then that's a good day for me and i i
yijU1CeOWuY-00114-00020415-00020543 hear from folks
yijU1CeOWuY-00115-00020544-00020783 yeah and and that's that's the power in
yijU1CeOWuY-00116-00020784-00020975 it that's the payday for me
yijU1CeOWuY-00117-00020976-00021207 that's amazing well for those that um
yijU1CeOWuY-00118-00021208-00021414 can relate to a lot of what you just
yijU1CeOWuY-00119-00021415-00021478 said
yijU1CeOWuY-00120-00021479-00021686 like where can they go to learn more
yijU1CeOWuY-00121-00021687-00021958 about you catch the podcast and and join
yijU1CeOWuY-00122-00021959-00022135 your community of people taking 40 000
yijU1CeOWuY-00123-00022136-00022255 steps one step at a time
yijU1CeOWuY-00124-00022256-00022543 sure every episode drops on tuesdays and
yijU1CeOWuY-00125-00022544-00022719 you can search forty thousand steps
yijU1CeOWuY-00126-00022720-00022791 radio
yijU1CeOWuY-00127-00022792-00022903 everywhere that you listen to your
yijU1CeOWuY-00128-00022904-00023111 favorite shows um
yijU1CeOWuY-00129-00023112-00023411 the website for now is forty thousand
yijU1CeOWuY-00130-00023412-00023542 steps.wordpress.com
yijU1CeOWuY-00131-00023543-00023686 i'm still getting the rubber stamp from
yijU1CeOWuY-00132-00023687-00023950 the state on it being a non or
yijU1CeOWuY-00133-00023951-00024207 l3c so when that happens we're gonna buy
yijU1CeOWuY-00134-00024208-00024350 the domain it'll be forty thousand
yijU1CeOWuY-00135-00024351-00024486 steps.com
yijU1CeOWuY-00136-00024487-00024735 i do a morning uh conversation when we
yijU1CeOWuY-00137-00024736-00025007 do interviews on igtv on instagram so
yijU1CeOWuY-00138-00025008-00025142 that handle is at
yijU1CeOWuY-00139-00025143-00025550 forty thousand two underscores steps
yijU1CeOWuY-00140-00025551-00025870 at forty thousand two underscores steps
yijU1CeOWuY-00141-00025872-00026055 and we do that at eight a.m central time
yijU1CeOWuY-00142-00026056-00026206 monday through friday
yijU1CeOWuY-00143-00026207-00026367 and awesome the only other thing i
yijU1CeOWuY-00144-00026368-00026543 wanted to point out was that
yijU1CeOWuY-00145-00026544-00026823 for me a big part of getting help was
yijU1CeOWuY-00146-00026824-00027039 that for me the alcoholism
yijU1CeOWuY-00147-00027039-00027287 was a symptom to a great extent of my
yijU1CeOWuY-00148-00027288-00027487 mental illness i've battled depression
yijU1CeOWuY-00149-00027488-00027670 and anxiety all my life
yijU1CeOWuY-00150-00027672-00027911 so that's the other part of that stigma
yijU1CeOWuY-00151-00027912-00028087 so we're talking about addiction but a
yijU1CeOWuY-00152-00028088-00028199 lot of what we're talking about
yijU1CeOWuY-00153-00028200-00028439 as well is getting people help for uh
yijU1CeOWuY-00154-00028439-00028551 for mental illness
yijU1CeOWuY-00155-00028552-00028727 fantastic well thank you so much chris
yijU1CeOWuY-00156-00028727-00028927 for taking the time to get together and
yijU1CeOWuY-00157-00028927-00028967 chat
yijU1CeOWuY-00158-00028968-00029407 and thank you rockford for well
yijU1CeOWuY-00159-00029408-00029551 it's a lot harder than it looks for
yijU1CeOWuY-00160-00029552-00029743 tuning in uh i just want to give a real
yijU1CeOWuY-00161-00029744-00029870 quick shout out to all of our business
yijU1CeOWuY-00162-00029872-00029999 sponsors and our backers that make
yijU1CeOWuY-00163-00030000-00030118 content like this possible it's because
yijU1CeOWuY-00164-00030119-00030239 of their support i'm able to highlight
yijU1CeOWuY-00165-00030239-00030358 local people like chris
yijU1CeOWuY-00166-00030360-00030502 that are doing wonderful things not just
yijU1CeOWuY-00167-00030503-00030679 for our local community but for
yijU1CeOWuY-00168-00030680-00030951 people abroad as well um so thank you so
yijU1CeOWuY-00169-00030952-00030999 much to
yijU1CeOWuY-00170-00031000-00031207 them and thank you rock for tuning in if
yijU1CeOWuY-00171-00031208-00031343 anything that chris has said
yijU1CeOWuY-00172-00031344-00031479 resonates with you or someone that you
yijU1CeOWuY-00173-00031480-00031662 know definitely check out forty thousand
yijU1CeOWuY-00174-00031663-00031823 steps radio at all the places that chris
yijU1CeOWuY-00175-00031824-00031943 mentioned and we'll catch you on the
yijU1CeOWuY-00176-00031944-00032416 flip side
yj8VnlM7C5E-00000-00000405-00000925 [Music]
yj8VnlM7C5E-00001-00000926-00001261 welcome to another shadow of war video s
yj8VnlM7C5E-00002-00001262-00001556 monolith releases more footage it raises
yj8VnlM7C5E-00003-00001557-00001850 more questions than answers recently
yj8VnlM7C5E-00004-00001851-00002039 they have shown new trailers and
yj8VnlM7C5E-00005-00002039-00002216 cutscenes that give us a glimpse into
yj8VnlM7C5E-00006-00002217-00002474 the most important characters both
yj8VnlM7C5E-00007-00002475-00002789 allies and nemesis let's take a look at
yj8VnlM7C5E-00008-00002790-00002957 them we'll talk a little bit about the
yj8VnlM7C5E-00009-00002958-00003131 following characters the wind Orion
yj8VnlM7C5E-00010-00003132-00003395 captain's the nazgûl the blade of
yj8VnlM7C5E-00011-00003396-00003706 collateral the Lady of spiders and the
yj8VnlM7C5E-00012-00003707-00004138 forest spirit let's start with the gun
yj8VnlM7C5E-00013-00004139-00004345 Dorian captain's there are two of them
yj8VnlM7C5E-00014-00004346-00004588 the girl and the black eye because
yj8VnlM7C5E-00015-00004589-00004831 someone had to represent the minorities
yj8VnlM7C5E-00016-00004832-00005170 killing they are both captains of minas
yj8VnlM7C5E-00017-00005171-00005210 ithil
yj8VnlM7C5E-00018-00005211-00005492 as can be seen in the army screen the
yj8VnlM7C5E-00019-00005493-00005747 girl or shieldmaiden is called Israel
yj8VnlM7C5E-00020-00005748-00005927 and makes an appearance in the ministry
yj8VnlM7C5E-00021-00005928-00006161 through gameplay walkthrough' and you
yj8VnlM7C5E-00022-00006162-00006334 will need to help her and mr. black
yj8VnlM7C5E-00023-00006335-00006553 captain to defend the city against
yj8VnlM7C5E-00024-00006554-00006706 attack of the Nazgul and the witch-king
yj8VnlM7C5E-00025-00006708-00006977 but this is unsuccessful as we all know
yj8VnlM7C5E-00026-00006978-00007253 and that's where the nazca will come
yj8VnlM7C5E-00027-00007254-00007546 into play you will first encounter them
yj8VnlM7C5E-00028-00007547-00007823 in the attack on - see - they are
yj8VnlM7C5E-00029-00007823-00007991 successful in their attempt to claim the
yj8VnlM7C5E-00030-00007992-00008173 fortress and turn it into a mini
yj8VnlM7C5E-00031-00008175-00008239 smeargle
yj8VnlM7C5E-00032-00008240-00008591 the tower of dark sorcery they use the
yj8VnlM7C5E-00033-00008592-00008888 Palantir inside the tower to communicate
yj8VnlM7C5E-00034-00008889-00009062 with Sauron who tells them to gather all
yj8VnlM7C5E-00035-00009063-00009310 the nos go and hunt Allen and his Ring
yj8VnlM7C5E-00036-00009311-00009608 of Power down at one point the
yj8VnlM7C5E-00037-00009609-00009839 witch-king seems to dominate you but you
yj8VnlM7C5E-00038-00009840-00010103 managed to flee it is unknown if they
yj8VnlM7C5E-00039-00010104-00010360 belong to a tribe but if this was the
yj8VnlM7C5E-00040-00010361-00010628 case it will probably be the mystic dark
yj8VnlM7C5E-00041-00010629-00010910 or terror tribe why you ask
yj8VnlM7C5E-00042-00010911-00011246 mystic because they use necromancy dark
yj8VnlM7C5E-00043-00011247-00011453 because they turn minas ithil into the
yj8VnlM7C5E-00044-00011454-00011753 tower of dark sorcery and third because
yj8VnlM7C5E-00045-00011754-00011942 the logo of the witch-king is in their
yj8VnlM7C5E-00046-00011943-00012238 banner you are not the only one to
yj8VnlM7C5E-00047-00012239-00012494 challenge these Nazgul there's one other
yj8VnlM7C5E-00048-00012495-00012919 character the blade of collateral also
yj8VnlM7C5E-00049-00012920-00013002 known as a
yj8VnlM7C5E-00050-00013003-00013311 darío she's an assassin sent by
yj8VnlM7C5E-00051-00013312-00013594 Galadriel to find out more about the new
yj8VnlM7C5E-00052-00013594-00013884 ring in the DLC you were actually able
yj8VnlM7C5E-00053-00013885-00014203 to probably play as her and she managed
yj8VnlM7C5E-00054-00014204-00014436 to take the ring from DeLeon and use it
yj8VnlM7C5E-00055-00014437-00014703 in her fight against the nazgûl there
yj8VnlM7C5E-00056-00014704-00014944 are some trust issues between her and
yj8VnlM7C5E-00057-00014944-00015121 tallien because she knows men are easily
yj8VnlM7C5E-00058-00015122-00015361 corrupted by rings of power but it's
yj8VnlM7C5E-00059-00015362-00015534 probably a relationship that will grow
yj8VnlM7C5E-00060-00015535-00015881 during the game but she is not the only
yj8VnlM7C5E-00061-00015882-00016252 femme fatale in the trailer we can see a
yj8VnlM7C5E-00062-00016253-00016455 lady that they can take the form of a
yj8VnlM7C5E-00063-00016456-00016731 spider she seems to be a very powerful
yj8VnlM7C5E-00064-00016732-00017061 character because she also has taken a
yj8VnlM7C5E-00065-00017062-00017224 ring from tallien and seems to be
yj8VnlM7C5E-00066-00017225-00017524 attacking Kayla Rimbaud she's known as
yj8VnlM7C5E-00067-00017525-00017769 the Lady of spiders with who she really
yj8VnlM7C5E-00068-00017770-00018030 is is unknown people have speculated it
yj8VnlM7C5E-00069-00018031-00018364 to be she Loeb or in golion the model
yj8VnlM7C5E-00070-00018365-00018742 Sheila but this is a noun so far now
yj8VnlM7C5E-00071-00018743-00018952 we're moving on to the most interesting
yj8VnlM7C5E-00072-00018953-00019269 character reveal in my opinion before a
yj8VnlM7C5E-00073-00019270-00019486 spirit which previously was thought to
yj8VnlM7C5E-00074-00019487-00019689 be an end wife
yj8VnlM7C5E-00075-00019690-00019983 the monolith team confirmed in a live
yj8VnlM7C5E-00076-00019984-00020178 stream that she's in fact a forest
yj8VnlM7C5E-00077-00020179-00020472 spirit and not an end wife she is also a
yj8VnlM7C5E-00078-00020473-00020703 skin-changer or something similar to it
yj8VnlM7C5E-00079-00020704-00020905 because in the trailer she's seen as a
yj8VnlM7C5E-00080-00020906-00021081 large Drake that will actually help you
yj8VnlM7C5E-00081-00021082-00021390 fight a bear rock within a recently
yj8VnlM7C5E-00082-00021391-00021636 released cutscene she's shown to also be
yj8VnlM7C5E-00083-00021637-00021825 able to take the form of some forest
yj8VnlM7C5E-00084-00021826-00022044 like Gehrig or perhaps she's able to
yj8VnlM7C5E-00085-00022045-00022255 possess other creatures and it's not her
yj8VnlM7C5E-00086-00022256-00022521 true self but it's pretty clear that
yj8VnlM7C5E-00087-00022522-00022719 there's something to do with her
yj8VnlM7C5E-00088-00022720-00022914 Caleb Renoir seems a little bit afraid
yj8VnlM7C5E-00089-00022915-00023103 of her saying - telling that he cannot
yj8VnlM7C5E-00090-00023104-00023421 defeat her so I'm just glad she seems to
yj8VnlM7C5E-00091-00023422-00023772 be on our side anyway that's it for now
yj8VnlM7C5E-00092-00023773-00024018 my question to you is if you could let
yj8VnlM7C5E-00093-00024019-00024202 me know what side character or main
yj8VnlM7C5E-00094-00024203-00024408 cared for that matter is your favorite
yj8VnlM7C5E-00095-00024409-00024600 like I mentioned mine has to be the
yj8VnlM7C5E-00096-00024601-00024819 forest spirit thank you guys for
yj8VnlM7C5E-00097-00024820-00025056 watching as always it's appreciated if
yj8VnlM7C5E-00098-00025057-00025264 you are interested in our content you
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yj8VnlM7C5E-00101-00025714-00025897 bell you say
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yj8VnlM7C5E-00104-00026241-00026423 hopefully see you in the next video
yj8VnlM7C5E-00105-00026424-00026719 peace out
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z1SgiM2pb8u-00000-00000043-00000311 Western Europe is the region comprising
z1SgiM2pb8u-00001-00000312-00000551 the western part of Europe below some
z1SgiM2pb8u-00002-00000552-00000773 different geographic geopolitical and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00003-00000774-00000952 cultural definitions of the term our
z1SgiM2pb8u-00004-00000953-00001283 outline significant historical events
z1SgiM2pb8u-00005-00001284-00001466 that have shaped the concept of Western
z1SgiM2pb8u-00006-00001467-00001651 Europe include the rise of Rome the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00007-00001652-00001829 adoption of Greek culture during the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00008-00001830-00002000 Roman Republic the adoption of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00009-00002001-00002209 Christianity by Roman emperors the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00010-00002210-00002414 division of the Latin West in Greek East
z1SgiM2pb8u-00011-00002415-00002657 the fall of the Western Roman Empire the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00012-00002658-00002813 reign of Charlemagne the Viking
z1SgiM2pb8u-00013-00002814-00003052 invasions the east-west schism the Black
z1SgiM2pb8u-00014-00003053-00003229 Death the Renaissance the age of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00015-00003230-00003458 discovery the Protestant Reformation as
z1SgiM2pb8u-00016-00003459-00003629 well as the Counter Reformation of the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00017-00003629-00003815 Catholic Church the Age of Enlightenment
z1SgiM2pb8u-00018-00003815-00004049 the French Revolution the Industrial
z1SgiM2pb8u-00019-00004050-00004286 Revolution the two world wars the Cold
z1SgiM2pb8u-00020-00004287-00004460 War the formation of the North Atlantic
z1SgiM2pb8u-00021-00004461-00004709 Treaty Organization and the expansion of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00022-00004710-00005164 the European Union
z1SgiM2pb8u-00023-00005165-00005674 topic historical divisions
z1SgiM2pb8u-00024-00005675-00005965 topic classical antiquity and medieval
z1SgiM2pb8u-00025-00005966-00006348 origins
z1SgiM2pb8u-00026-00006349-00006636 prior to the Roman conquest a large part
z1SgiM2pb8u-00027-00006637-00006834 of Western Europe had adopted the newly
z1SgiM2pb8u-00028-00006834-00007119 developed Latin a culture as the Roman
z1SgiM2pb8u-00029-00007120-00007308 domain expanded a cultural and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00030-00007309-00007497 linguistic division appeared between the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00031-00007498-00007706 mainly Greek speaking eastern provinces
z1SgiM2pb8u-00032-00007708-00007853 which had formed the highly urbanized
z1SgiM2pb8u-00033-00007854-00008106 Hellenistic civilization and the western
z1SgiM2pb8u-00034-00008106-00008316 territories which in contrast largely
z1SgiM2pb8u-00035-00008317-00008613 adopted the Latin language this cultural
z1SgiM2pb8u-00036-00008614-00008778 and linguistic division was eventually
z1SgiM2pb8u-00037-00008779-00008964 reinforced by the later political
z1SgiM2pb8u-00038-00008965-00009180 east-west division of the Roman Empire
z1SgiM2pb8u-00039-00009181-00009486 the Western Roman Empire in the Eastern
z1SgiM2pb8u-00040-00009487-00009663 Roman Empire controlled the two
z1SgiM2pb8u-00041-00009664-00009858 divergent regions between the 3rd and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00042-00009859-00010121 the 5th century the division between
z1SgiM2pb8u-00043-00010122-00010310 these two was enhanced during late
z1SgiM2pb8u-00044-00010311-00010533 antiquity in the Middle Ages by a number
z1SgiM2pb8u-00045-00010534-00010773 of events the Western Roman Empire
z1SgiM2pb8u-00046-00010774-00010989 collapsed starting the early Middle Ages
z1SgiM2pb8u-00047-00010990-00011267 by contrast the eastern Roman Empire
z1SgiM2pb8u-00048-00011268-00011496 mostly known as the Greek or Byzantine
z1SgiM2pb8u-00049-00011497-00011739 Empire survived and even thrived for
z1SgiM2pb8u-00050-00011740-00012018 another 1,000 years the rise of the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00051-00012019-00012221 Carolingian Empire in the West and in
z1SgiM2pb8u-00052-00012222-00012410 particular the Great Schism between
z1SgiM2pb8u-00053-00012411-00012614 Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism
z1SgiM2pb8u-00054-00012615-00012840 enhanced the cultural and religious
z1SgiM2pb8u-00055-00012841-00013013 distinctiveness between Eastern and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00056-00013014-00013311 Western Europe after the conquest of the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00057-00013312-00013533 Byzantine Empire center of the Eastern
z1SgiM2pb8u-00058-00013534-00013743 Orthodox Church by the Muslim Ottoman
z1SgiM2pb8u-00059-00013744-00013959 Empire in the 15th century and the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00060-00013960-00014147 gradual fragmentation of the Holy Roman
z1SgiM2pb8u-00061-00014149-00014337 Empire which had replaced the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00062-00014338-00014522 Carolingian Empire the division between
z1SgiM2pb8u-00063-00014524-00014747 Roman Catholic and Protestant became
z1SgiM2pb8u-00064-00014749-00014919 more important in Europe than that with
z1SgiM2pb8u-00065-00014919-00015272 Eastern Orthodoxy in East Asia Western
z1SgiM2pb8u-00066-00015274-00015474 Europe was historically known as Tai Chi
z1SgiM2pb8u-00067-00015475-00015684 in China and Taisei in Japan which
z1SgiM2pb8u-00068-00015685-00016032 literally translates as the Far West the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00069-00016033-00016233 term Far West became synonymous with
z1SgiM2pb8u-00070-00016234-00016440 Western Europe in China during the Ming
z1SgiM2pb8u-00071-00016441-00016779 Dynasty the Italian Jesuit priest Matteo
z1SgiM2pb8u-00072-00016780-00016974 Ricci was one of the first writers in
z1SgiM2pb8u-00073-00016975-00017180 China to use the Far West as an Asian
z1SgiM2pb8u-00074-00017181-00017388 counterpart to the European concept of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00075-00017389-00017661 the Far East in Ricci's writings Ricci
z1SgiM2pb8u-00076-00017662-00017937 referred to himself as Matteo of the Far
z1SgiM2pb8u-00077-00017938-00018243 West the term was still in use in the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00078-00018244-00018753 late 19th and early 20th centuries
z1SgiM2pb8u-00079-00018754-00019019 topic religion
z1SgiM2pb8u-00080-00019020-00019254 you
z1SgiM2pb8u-00081-00019255-00019429 Christianity is still the largest
z1SgiM2pb8u-00082-00019430-00019663 religion in Western Europe according to
z1SgiM2pb8u-00083-00019664-00019882 a 2018 study by the Pew Research Center
z1SgiM2pb8u-00084-00019883-00020161 seventy 1.0 percent of the Western
z1SgiM2pb8u-00085-00020162-00020350 European population identified
z1SgiM2pb8u-00086-00020351-00020548 themselves as Christians the east-west
z1SgiM2pb8u-00087-00020549-00020770 schism which has lasted since the 11th
z1SgiM2pb8u-00088-00020771-00020971 century divided Christianity in Europe
z1SgiM2pb8u-00089-00020972-00021217 and consequently the world into Western
z1SgiM2pb8u-00090-00021218-00021450 Christianity and Eastern Christianity
z1SgiM2pb8u-00091-00021451-00021739 with certain simplifications Western
z1SgiM2pb8u-00092-00021740-00021883 Europe is thus Catholic or Protestant
z1SgiM2pb8u-00093-00021884-00022198 and uses the Latin alphabet Eastern
z1SgiM2pb8u-00094-00022199-00022408 Europe is Orthodox and uses the Greek
z1SgiM2pb8u-00095-00022409-00022807 alphabet or Cyrillic script according to
z1SgiM2pb8u-00096-00022808-00023026 this definition Western Europe is formed
z1SgiM2pb8u-00097-00023027-00023197 by countries with dominant Roman
z1SgiM2pb8u-00098-00023198-00023353 Catholic and Protestant churches
z1SgiM2pb8u-00099-00023354-00023560 including countries which are considered
z1SgiM2pb8u-00100-00023561-00023755 part of Central Europe now Austria
z1SgiM2pb8u-00101-00023756-00024022 Belgium Croatia Czech Republic Denmark
z1SgiM2pb8u-00102-00024023-00024346 Estonia Finland France Germany Hungary
z1SgiM2pb8u-00103-00024347-00024583 Iceland Ireland Italy Latvia
z1SgiM2pb8u-00104-00024584-00024883 Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta
z1SgiM2pb8u-00105-00024884-00025120 Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal
z1SgiM2pb8u-00106-00025121-00025450 Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden
z1SgiM2pb8u-00107-00025451-00025795 Switzerland and United Kingdom Eastern
z1SgiM2pb8u-00108-00025795-00025999 Europe meanwhile is formed by countries
z1SgiM2pb8u-00109-00026000-00026194 with dominant Eastern Orthodox churches
z1SgiM2pb8u-00110-00026195-00026494 including Greece Belarus Bulgaria Serbia
z1SgiM2pb8u-00111-00026495-00026789 Romania Russia and Ukraine for instance
z1SgiM2pb8u-00112-00026791-00027067 the schism is the break of Communion and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00113-00027068-00027208 theology between what are now the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00114-00027208-00027430 Eastern Orthodox and Western Roman
z1SgiM2pb8u-00115-00027431-00027658 Catholic from the 11th century as well
z1SgiM2pb8u-00116-00027658-00027913 as from the 16th century also Protestant
z1SgiM2pb8u-00117-00027914-00028233 churches this division dominated Europe
z1SgiM2pb8u-00118-00028235-00028417 for centuries in opposition to the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00119-00028418-00028608 rather short-lived cold war division of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00120-00028610-00028914 four decades since the Great Schism of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00121-00028916-00029155 1054 Europe has been divided between
z1SgiM2pb8u-00122-00029156-00029374 Roman Catholic and Protestant churches
z1SgiM2pb8u-00123-00029375-00029530 in the West and the Eastern Orthodox
z1SgiM2pb8u-00124-00029531-00029791 Christian many times incorrectly labeled
z1SgiM2pb8u-00125-00029792-00030106 Greek Orthodox churches in the east
z1SgiM2pb8u-00126-00030107-00030316 due to this religious cleavage Eastern
z1SgiM2pb8u-00127-00030317-00030505 Orthodox countries are often associated
z1SgiM2pb8u-00128-00030506-00030793 with Eastern Europe a cleavage of this
z1SgiM2pb8u-00129-00030794-00031033 sort is however often problematic for
z1SgiM2pb8u-00130-00031033-00031204 example Greece is overwhelmingly
z1SgiM2pb8u-00131-00031205-00031452 Orthodox but is very rarely included in
z1SgiM2pb8u-00132-00031454-00032047 Eastern Europe for a variety of reasons
z1SgiM2pb8u-00133-00032048-00032539 topic Cold War
z1SgiM2pb8u-00134-00032540-00032758 during the four decades of the Cold War
z1SgiM2pb8u-00135-00032759-00032971 the definition of the east and west was
z1SgiM2pb8u-00136-00032972-00033166 rather simplified by the existence of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00137-00033167-00033439 the Eastern Bloc historians and social
z1SgiM2pb8u-00138-00033440-00033664 scientists generally view the Cold War
z1SgiM2pb8u-00139-00033665-00033886 definition of Western and Eastern Europe
z1SgiM2pb8u-00140-00033887-00034075 as outdated or relegating during the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00141-00034076-00034330 final stages of world war ii the future
z1SgiM2pb8u-00142-00034331-00034537 of europe was decided between the allies
z1SgiM2pb8u-00143-00034538-00034829 in the 1945 Yalta Conference between the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00144-00034830-00035026 British Prime Minister Winston Churchill
z1SgiM2pb8u-00145-00035027-00035242 the US President Franklin D Roosevelt
z1SgiM2pb8u-00146-00035243-00035473 and the premier of the Soviet Union
z1SgiM2pb8u-00147-00035474-00035782 Joseph Stalin post-war Europe would be
z1SgiM2pb8u-00148-00035783-00035995 divided into two major spheres the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00149-00035996-00036205 Western bloc influenced by the United
z1SgiM2pb8u-00150-00036206-00036410 States and the Eastern Bloc influenced
z1SgiM2pb8u-00151-00036411-00036664 by the Soviet Union with the onset of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00152-00036665-00036860 the Cold War Europe was divided by the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00153-00036861-00037123 Iron Curtain this term had been used
z1SgiM2pb8u-00154-00037124-00037327 during world war ii by german propaganda
z1SgiM2pb8u-00155-00037328-00037582 minister Joseph Goebbels and later count
z1SgiM2pb8u-00156-00037583-00037801 let's shivering von Krawczyk in the last
z1SgiM2pb8u-00157-00037802-00038014 days of the war however its use was
z1SgiM2pb8u-00158-00038015-00038227 hugely popular eyes by Winston Churchill
z1SgiM2pb8u-00159-00038228-00038461 who used it in his famous sinews of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00160-00038462-00038833 peace address on the 5th of March 1946
z1SgiM2pb8u-00161-00038834-00039029 at Westminster College in Fulton
z1SgiM2pb8u-00162-00039030-00039310 Missouri from Stetten in the Baltic to
z1SgiM2pb8u-00163-00039311-00039523 Trieste in the Adriatic an Iron Curtain
z1SgiM2pb8u-00164-00039524-00039714 has descended across the continent
z1SgiM2pb8u-00165-00039715-00039988 behind that line lie all the capitals of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00166-00039989-00040138 the ancient states of Central and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00167-00040139-00040444 Eastern Europe Warsaw Berlin Prague
z1SgiM2pb8u-00168-00040445-00040735 Vienna Budapest Belgrade Bucharest and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00169-00040736-00040951 Sofia all these famous cities and the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00170-00040952-00041131 populations around them lie in what I
z1SgiM2pb8u-00171-00041132-00041329 must call the Soviet sphere and all are
z1SgiM2pb8u-00172-00041330-00041551 subject in one form or another not only
z1SgiM2pb8u-00173-00041552-00041791 to Soviet influence but to a very high
z1SgiM2pb8u-00174-00041792-00041995 and in some cases increasing measure of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00175-00041996-00042271 control from Moscow although some
z1SgiM2pb8u-00176-00042272-00042451 countries were officially neutral they
z1SgiM2pb8u-00177-00042452-00042616 were classified according to the nature
z1SgiM2pb8u-00178-00042617-00042820 of their political and economic systems
z1SgiM2pb8u-00179-00042821-00043087 this division largely defines the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00180-00043088-00043297 popular perception and understanding of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00181-00043298-00043465 Western Europe and its borders with
z1SgiM2pb8u-00182-00043466-00043726 Eastern Europe the world changed
z1SgiM2pb8u-00183-00043727-00043894 dramatically with the fall of the Iron
z1SgiM2pb8u-00184-00043895-00044275 Curtain in 1989 West Germany peacefully
z1SgiM2pb8u-00185-00044276-00044464 absorbed East Germany in the German
z1SgiM2pb8u-00186-00044465-00044704 reunification comecon and the Warsaw
z1SgiM2pb8u-00187-00044705-00044986 Pact were dissolved and in 1991 the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00188-00044987-00045280 Soviet Union ceased to exist several
z1SgiM2pb8u-00189-00045281-00045436 countries which had been part of the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00190-00045437-00046014 Soviet Union regained full independence
z1SgiM2pb8u-00191-00046015-00046575 topic Western European Union
z1SgiM2pb8u-00192-00046576-00046866 in 1948 the Treaty of Brussels was
z1SgiM2pb8u-00193-00046867-00047073 signed between Belgium France Luxembourg
z1SgiM2pb8u-00194-00047074-00047270 the Netherlands and the United Kingdom
z1SgiM2pb8u-00195-00047271-00047643 it was further revisited in 1954 at the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00196-00047644-00047811 Paris conference when the Western
z1SgiM2pb8u-00197-00047812-00048075 European Union was established it was
z1SgiM2pb8u-00198-00048076-00048318 declared defunct in 2011 after the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00199-00048319-00048474 Treaty of Lisbon and the Treaty of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00200-00048475-00048750 Brussels was terminated when the Western
z1SgiM2pb8u-00201-00048751-00048978 European Union was dissolved it had ten
z1SgiM2pb8u-00202-00048979-00049200 member countries six associate member
z1SgiM2pb8u-00203-00049201-00049407 countries five observer countries and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00204-00049408-00049890 seven associate partner countries
z1SgiM2pb8u-00205-00049891-00050438 topic modern divisions
z1SgiM2pb8u-00206-00050439-00051015 topic CIA classification
z1SgiM2pb8u-00207-00051016-00051306 the CIA classifies seven countries as
z1SgiM2pb8u-00208-00051307-00051704 belonging to Western Europe Belgium
z1SgiM2pb8u-00209-00051705-00052337 France Ireland Luxembourg Monaco
z1SgiM2pb8u-00210-00052338-00052711 Netherlands United Kingdom CIA also
z1SgiM2pb8u-00211-00052712-00052921 classifies three countries as belonging
z1SgiM2pb8u-00212-00052922-00053237 to southwestern Europe
z1SgiM2pb8u-00213-00053238-00053862 and Dora Portugal Spain
z1SgiM2pb8u-00214-00053863-00054490 topic Western European and others group
z1SgiM2pb8u-00215-00054491-00054751 the Western European and others group is
z1SgiM2pb8u-00216-00054752-00054934 one of several unofficial regional
z1SgiM2pb8u-00217-00054935-00055141 groups in the United Nations that act as
z1SgiM2pb8u-00218-00055141-00055386 voting blocs in negotiation forums
z1SgiM2pb8u-00219-00055387-00055638 regional voting blocks were formed in
z1SgiM2pb8u-00220-00055639-00055929 1961 to encourage voting to various UN
z1SgiM2pb8u-00221-00055930-00056110 bodies from different regional groups
z1SgiM2pb8u-00222-00056111-00056424 the European members of the group are in
z1SgiM2pb8u-00223-00056425-00056770 addition Australia Canada Israel and New
z1SgiM2pb8u-00224-00056771-00056932 Zealand are members of the group with
z1SgiM2pb8u-00225-00056933-00057380 the United States as observer
z1SgiM2pb8u-00226-00057382-00057910 topic population
z1SgiM2pb8u-00227-00057911-00058198 using the CIA classification strictly
z1SgiM2pb8u-00228-00058199-00058375 would give the following calculation of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00229-00058376-00058656 Western Europe's population all figures
z1SgiM2pb8u-00230-00058657-00058903 based on the projections for 2018 by the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00231-00058904-00059071 population division of the United
z1SgiM2pb8u-00232-00059072-00059284 Nations Department of Economic and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00233-00059285-00059579 Social Affairs using the CIA
z1SgiM2pb8u-00234-00059580-00059781 classification a little more liberally
z1SgiM2pb8u-00235-00059782-00060075 and including South Western Europe would
z1SgiM2pb8u-00236-00060076-00060235 give the following calculation of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00237-00060236-00060679 Western Europe's population
z1SgiM2pb8u-00238-00060679-00061171 topic climate
z1SgiM2pb8u-00239-00061172-00061411 the climate of Western Europe varies
z1SgiM2pb8u-00240-00061412-00061615 from subtropical and semi-arid in the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00241-00061616-00061782 southern coast of Italy and Spain to
z1SgiM2pb8u-00242-00061783-00062082 alpine in the Pyrenees the Mediterranean
z1SgiM2pb8u-00243-00062083-00062335 climate of the South is dry and warm the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00244-00062336-00062526 Western and northwestern parts have a
z1SgiM2pb8u-00245-00062527-00062775 mild generally humid climate influenced
z1SgiM2pb8u-00246-00062776-00063202 by the North Atlantic Current
z1SgiM2pb8u-00247-00063203-00063563 topic languages
z1SgiM2pb8u-00248-00063564-00063731 you
z1SgiM2pb8u-00249-00063732-00064004 Western European languages mostly fall
z1SgiM2pb8u-00250-00064005-00064197 within two indo-european language
z1SgiM2pb8u-00251-00064198-00064422 families the Romance languages descended
z1SgiM2pb8u-00252-00064423-00064631 from the Latin of the Roman Empire and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00253-00064632-00064853 the Germanic languages whose ancestor
z1SgiM2pb8u-00254-00064854-00065030 language proto-germanic came from
z1SgiM2pb8u-00255-00065031-00065354 southern scandinavia Romance languages
z1SgiM2pb8u-00256-00065355-00065559 are spoken primarily in the southern and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00257-00065560-00065778 central part of Western Europe Germanic
z1SgiM2pb8u-00258-00065779-00065951 languages in the northern part the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00259-00065952-00066137 British Isles in the Low Countries as
z1SgiM2pb8u-00260-00066138-00066329 well as a large part of northern and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00261-00066330-00066472 central Europe other indo-european
z1SgiM2pb8u-00262-00066473-00066728 languages include the Celtic group that
z1SgiM2pb8u-00263-00066729-00066990 has Irish Scottish Gaelic Manx Welsh
z1SgiM2pb8u-00264-00066991-00067290 Cornish and Breton Basque is the only
z1SgiM2pb8u-00265-00067291-00067478 currently living Western European
z1SgiM2pb8u-00266-00067479-00067746 language isolate multilingualism and the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00267-00067747-00067931 protection of regional and minority
z1SgiM2pb8u-00268-00067932-00068147 languages are recognized political goals
z1SgiM2pb8u-00269-00068148-00068435 in Western Europe today the Council of
z1SgiM2pb8u-00270-00068436-00068603 Europe Framework Convention for the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00271-00068604-00068813 protection of national minorities and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00272-00068814-00069011 the Council of Europe's European charter
z1SgiM2pb8u-00273-00069012-00069234 for regional or minority languages set
z1SgiM2pb8u-00274-00069235-00069398 up the legal framework for language
z1SgiM2pb8u-00275-00069399-00069773 rights in Europe
z1SgiM2pb8u-00276-00069774-00070287 topic economy
z1SgiM2pb8u-00277-00070288-00070509 Western Europe is one of the richest
z1SgiM2pb8u-00278-00070510-00070737 regions of the world Germany has the
z1SgiM2pb8u-00279-00070738-00070974 highest GDP in Europe and the largest
z1SgiM2pb8u-00280-00070975-00071169 financial surplus of any country
z1SgiM2pb8u-00281-00071170-00071412 Luxembourg has the world's highest GDP
z1SgiM2pb8u-00282-00071413-00071613 per capita and the United Kingdom has
z1SgiM2pb8u-00283-00071614-00071799 the highest net national wealth of any
z1SgiM2pb8u-00284-00071800-00072084 European state Switzerland and
z1SgiM2pb8u-00285-00072085-00072276 Luxembourg have the highest average wage
z1SgiM2pb8u-00286-00072277-00072486 in the world in nominal and PPP
z1SgiM2pb8u-00287-00072487-00072784 respectively Denmark ranks highest in
z1SgiM2pb8u-00288-00072785-00073338 the world on the social Progress Index
z1SgiM2pb8u-00289-00073339-00073847 topic see also
z1SgiM2pb8u-00290-00073848-00074298 Central Europe Eastern Europe Northern
z1SgiM2pb8u-00291-00074299-00074796 Europe southern Europe Far West Marshall
z1SgiM2pb8u-00292-00074797-00075155 Plan Euro vaq hashtag Western Europe
z1SgiM2pb8u-00293-00075156-00075600 Western world
z1SgiM2pb8u-00294-00075601-00076146 topic references
z1SgiM2pb8u-00295-00076147-00076650 topic citations
z1SgiM2pb8u-00296-00076651-00077161 topic sources
z1SgiM2pb8u-00297-00077162-00077698 topic external links
z1SgiM2pb8u-00298-00077699-00077947 the European sub-regions according to
z1SgiM2pb8u-00299-00077948-00078436 the UN teaching about Western Europe
z3IYYFhyQnM-00000-00000032-00000342 and the nets come from 17 down
z3IYYFhyQnM-00001-00000343-00000574 to pull off a come from behind victory
z3IYYFhyQnM-00002-00000575-00000799 to take a three games or two advantage
z3IYYFhyQnM-00003-00000800-00001007 over the milwaukee bucks in this eastern
z3IYYFhyQnM-00004-00001008-00001183 conference semis
z3IYYFhyQnM-00005-00001184-00001503 wow frank isola sarah kustock michael
z3IYYFhyQnM-00006-00001504-00001623 grady here with you
z3IYYFhyQnM-00007-00001623-00001879 we saw tonight one of the greatest
z3IYYFhyQnM-00008-00001880-00002047 postseason performances
z3IYYFhyQnM-00009-00002048-00002318 of all time kevin durant 48 minutes
z3IYYFhyQnM-00010-00002319-00002423 played in this game
z3IYYFhyQnM-00011-00002424-00002823 49 points 10 assists 17 rebounds
z3IYYFhyQnM-00012-00002824-00003039 kind of hard to come up with adjectives
z3IYYFhyQnM-00013-00003040-00003254 describe sarah just how amazing kevin
z3IYYFhyQnM-00014-00003255-00003383 durant was tonight
z3IYYFhyQnM-00015-00003384-00003775 it was a masterpiece and to think about
z3IYYFhyQnM-00016-00003776-00004111 all kevin durant has endured in trying
z3IYYFhyQnM-00017-00004112-00004231 to come back
z3IYYFhyQnM-00018-00004232-00004543 and be where he is at at this point in
z3IYYFhyQnM-00019-00004544-00004670 the postseason
z3IYYFhyQnM-00020-00004671-00004983 to do so without kyrie irving with
z3IYYFhyQnM-00021-00004984-00005286 james harden playing 46 minutes yes but
z3IYYFhyQnM-00022-00005287-00005470 not looking like the james harden
z3IYYFhyQnM-00023-00005471-00005686 that we have often been accustomed to
z3IYYFhyQnM-00024-00005687-00005831 seeing he was
z3IYYFhyQnM-00025-00005832-00006175 absolutely extraordinary and
z3IYYFhyQnM-00026-00006176-00006454 this will go down as one of the greatest
z3IYYFhyQnM-00027-00006455-00006606 playoff performances
z3IYYFhyQnM-00028-00006608-00006870 that we have had the pleasure to witness
z3IYYFhyQnM-00029-00006872-00007063 it was inspiring on so many levels
z3IYYFhyQnM-00030-00007064-00007255 it was a virtuoso performance by kevin
z3IYYFhyQnM-00031-00007256-00007383 durant make no mistake
z3IYYFhyQnM-00032-00007384-00007559 about it he made one mistake he missed a
z3IYYFhyQnM-00033-00007559-00007663 free throw late which would have given
z3IYYFhyQnM-00034-00007664-00007767 him 50 points
z3IYYFhyQnM-00035-00007768-00007934 other than the crowd grown because
z3IYYFhyQnM-00036-00007936-00008142 everyone wanted to see him do it
z3IYYFhyQnM-00037-00008143-00008446 to play at that level in a game
z3IYYFhyQnM-00038-00008447-00008751 five and your team was down 17
z3IYYFhyQnM-00039-00008752-00008974 with 19 minutes to go in this game and
z3IYYFhyQnM-00040-00008975-00009239 they outscored milwaukee 57-34
z3IYYFhyQnM-00041-00009240-00009439 but kevin durant one of the all-time
z3IYYFhyQnM-00042-00009440-00009574 greatest performances
z3IYYFhyQnM-00043-00009575-00009831 but a couple of guys jeff green off the
z3IYYFhyQnM-00044-00009832-00009887 charts
z3IYYFhyQnM-00045-00009888-00010119 and then james harden james harden did
z3IYYFhyQnM-00046-00010120-00010231 not have it tonight
z3IYYFhyQnM-00047-00010232-00010406 but he was out there for 46 minutes so
z3IYYFhyQnM-00048-00010407-00010542 everybody talk about leadership
z3IYYFhyQnM-00049-00010543-00010719 all you want it's not about yelling in
z3IYYFhyQnM-00050-00010720-00010910 the locker room it's going out there and
z3IYYFhyQnM-00051-00010911-00011038 playing like that
z3IYYFhyQnM-00052-00011039-00011183 when you really don't have it and
z3IYYFhyQnM-00053-00011184-00011359 gutting it out for 46 minutes
z3IYYFhyQnM-00054-00011360-00011519 you want to talk about inspiring and a
z3IYYFhyQnM-00055-00011520-00011735 guy that wanted it that was james hard
z3IYYFhyQnM-00056-00011736-00012038 come on now he was out yesterday
z3IYYFhyQnM-00057-00012039-00012287 on the status report out doubtful this
z3IYYFhyQnM-00058-00012288-00012359 morning
z3IYYFhyQnM-00059-00012360-00012567 questionable this afternoon was going to
z3IYYFhyQnM-00060-00012568-00012719 test it out in warm-ups
z3IYYFhyQnM-00061-00012720-00012991 gonna give it a go and sarah plays 46
z3IYYFhyQnM-00062-00012991-00013063 minutes
z3IYYFhyQnM-00063-00013063-00013294 again how important was just his
z3IYYFhyQnM-00064-00013295-00013479 presence in being out there on the court
z3IYYFhyQnM-00065-00013480-00013615 and what it was able to do for this team
z3IYYFhyQnM-00066-00013616-00013822 on off shooting night everything
z3IYYFhyQnM-00067-00013823-00014038 everything and even steve nash in his
z3IYYFhyQnM-00068-00014040-00014199 pregame press conference that
z3IYYFhyQnM-00069-00014200-00014479 we're going to support him because james
z3IYYFhyQnM-00070-00014480-00014679 wants to be out there it is very clear
z3IYYFhyQnM-00071-00014680-00014855 that you know they knew that james
z3IYYFhyQnM-00072-00014856-00015015 harden was not 100
z3IYYFhyQnM-00073-00015016-00015271 health-wise but to your point frank just
z3IYYFhyQnM-00074-00015272-00015483 the absolutely
z3IYYFhyQnM-00075-00015484-00015719 inspirational build up that that brought
z3IYYFhyQnM-00076-00015719-00015886 to his team and how he was able to
z3IYYFhyQnM-00077-00015887-00016007 direct things i think
z3IYYFhyQnM-00078-00016008-00016207 despite the shooting performance we saw
z3IYYFhyQnM-00079-00016208-00016383 so many moments in particular in the
z3IYYFhyQnM-00080-00016384-00016543 second half the third quarter as the
z3IYYFhyQnM-00081-00016544-00016599 nets
z3IYYFhyQnM-00082-00016600-00016807 really built back and then took the lead
z3IYYFhyQnM-00083-00016808-00016967 of how he was directing things some of
z3IYYFhyQnM-00084-00016968-00017094 the passes he was going to making
z3IYYFhyQnM-00085-00017095-00017335 important defensive plays when needed
z3IYYFhyQnM-00086-00017336-00017543 and to think about the fact that not
z3IYYFhyQnM-00087-00017544-00017655 even given
z3IYYFhyQnM-00088-00017656-00017983 the the injury but to not be in
z3IYYFhyQnM-00089-00017984-00018263 a game for a stretch of where were we at
z3IYYFhyQnM-00090-00018264-00018399 about a week or so
z3IYYFhyQnM-00091-00018400-00018622 and to come in in a playoff level of
z3IYYFhyQnM-00092-00018623-00018703 intensity
z3IYYFhyQnM-00093-00018704-00019014 and to play 46 minutes wow that's
z3IYYFhyQnM-00094-00019015-00019207 something to be seen and something that
z3IYYFhyQnM-00095-00019208-00019511 you know there's reasons why this entire
z3IYYFhyQnM-00096-00019512-00019711 team has rallied behind james
z3IYYFhyQnM-00097-00019712-00019943 this regular season and tonight was an
z3IYYFhyQnM-00098-00019944-00020047 absolute difference making
z3IYYFhyQnM-00099-00020048-00020222 we start he was not making hard cuts in
z3IYYFhyQnM-00100-00020223-00020414 that first half he was really unsure of
z3IYYFhyQnM-00101-00020415-00020463 himself
z3IYYFhyQnM-00102-00020464-00020591 i think it took him until the second
z3IYYFhyQnM-00103-00020592-00020743 half for him to figure it out probably
z3IYYFhyQnM-00104-00020744-00020886 steve nash to figure out how they would
z3IYYFhyQnM-00105-00020887-00020950 work
z3IYYFhyQnM-00106-00020951-00021167 how they would work him in i thought the
z3IYYFhyQnM-00107-00021168-00021311 bucks made a mistake
z3IYYFhyQnM-00108-00021312-00021543 not trying to attack him not trying to
z3IYYFhyQnM-00109-00021544-00021671 exploit him because make no mistake
z3IYYFhyQnM-00110-00021672-00021727 about it
z3IYYFhyQnM-00111-00021728-00021919 the brooklyn net said we are going after
z3IYYFhyQnM-00112-00021920-00022103 brook lopez and in that third quarter
z3IYYFhyQnM-00113-00022104-00022247 they exploit him with jeff green
z3IYYFhyQnM-00114-00022248-00022399 and how about after a while they just
z3IYYFhyQnM-00115-00022400-00022535 told kevin durant you know what we're
z3IYYFhyQnM-00116-00022536-00022686 going to inbound the ball to you
z3IYYFhyQnM-00117-00022687-00022863 we're going to set a high screen make a
z3IYYFhyQnM-00118-00022864-00023007 play and he made plays
z3IYYFhyQnM-00119-00023008-00023278 all night long 20 points in the fourth
z3IYYFhyQnM-00120-00023279-00023327 quarter
z3IYYFhyQnM-00121-00023328-00023519 there were great players out on that
z3IYYFhyQnM-00122-00023520-00023727 court tonight but there is one guy that
z3IYYFhyQnM-00123-00023728-00023799 stands
z3IYYFhyQnM-00124-00023800-00023942 head and shoulders above everyone i'm
z3IYYFhyQnM-00125-00023943-00024055 not talking about because he's seven
z3IYYFhyQnM-00126-00024056-00024135 feet tall
z3IYYFhyQnM-00127-00024136-00024422 kevin durant i mean we've seen it before
z3IYYFhyQnM-00128-00024423-00024503 that is one of the
z3IYYFhyQnM-00129-00024504-00024703 all-time brilliant performances under
z3IYYFhyQnM-00130-00024704-00024814 the circumstances
z3IYYFhyQnM-00131-00024815-00025007 remember too a guy that hadn't played
z3IYYFhyQnM-00132-00025008-00025142 really that much this year
z3IYYFhyQnM-00133-00025143-00025303 you know two years removed from achilles
z3IYYFhyQnM-00134-00025304-00025463 surgery he is
z3IYYFhyQnM-00135-00025464-00025750 all the way back and it's a statement
z3IYYFhyQnM-00136-00025751-00025927 again that he makes in a game like this
z3IYYFhyQnM-00137-00025927-00026070 was so much on the line
z3IYYFhyQnM-00138-00026072-00026223 you lose this game you're going to
z3IYYFhyQnM-00139-00026224-00026374 milwaukee where they've obviously had
z3IYYFhyQnM-00140-00026375-00026487 their struggles
z3IYYFhyQnM-00141-00026488-00026727 everything rested on this game in this
z3IYYFhyQnM-00142-00026727-00026814 performance
z3IYYFhyQnM-00143-00026816-00027007 and what we saw in that third quarter
z3IYYFhyQnM-00144-00027008-00027143 which carried over into the fourth
z3IYYFhyQnM-00145-00027144-00027199 quarter
z3IYYFhyQnM-00146-00027200-00027431 was absolutely awe-inspiring what we saw
z3IYYFhyQnM-00147-00027432-00027543 from kevin durant
z3IYYFhyQnM-00148-00027544-00027711 and his teammates slow start to this
z3IYYFhyQnM-00149-00027712-00027855 game trailed by 14
z3IYYFhyQnM-00150-00027856-00028039 after one got the offense going a little
z3IYYFhyQnM-00151-00028039-00028223 bit in that second quarter but they
z3IYYFhyQnM-00152-00028224-00028367 still allowed the milwaukee bucks to put
z3IYYFhyQnM-00153-00028368-00028487 up 30 points
z3IYYFhyQnM-00154-00028488-00028783 then a 38-28 third quarter and then in
z3IYYFhyQnM-00155-00028783-00028951 that fourth quarter again as you pointed
z3IYYFhyQnM-00156-00028952-00028983 out
z3IYYFhyQnM-00157-00028983-00029174 frank 20 points from kevin durant
z3IYYFhyQnM-00158-00029175-00029343 finisher was with 49
z3IYYFhyQnM-00159-00029344-00029727 17 and 10.
z6O5DPYtx58-00000-00000062-00002883 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00001-00002884-00004251 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00002-00004252-00005683 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00003-00005684-00005994 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00004-00005995-00007083 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00005-00007084-00008395 this
z6O5DPYtx58-00006-00008396-00009883 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00007-00009884-00010315 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00008-00010316-00011283 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00009-00011284-00011741 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00010-00011742-00014083 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00011-00014084-00014559 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00012-00014560-00015483 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00013-00015484-00015771 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00014-00015772-00016883 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00015-00016884-00017374 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00016-00017375-00019683 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00017-00019684-00019914 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00018-00019915-00021083 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00019-00021084-00022483 this
z6O5DPYtx58-00020-00022484-00022793 just
z6O5DPYtx58-00021-00022794-00023122 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00022-00023123-00023274 [Applause]
z6O5DPYtx58-00023-00023275-00023883 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00024-00023884-00024233 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00025-00024234-00025283 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00026-00025284-00025661 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00027-00025662-00026004 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00028-00026005-00026683 [Applause]
z6O5DPYtx58-00029-00026683-00027035 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00030-00027036-00028083 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00031-00028083-00028319 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00032-00028320-00030883 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00033-00030883-00031423 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00034-00031424-00032283 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00035-00032283-00032797 so
z6O5DPYtx58-00036-00032798-00034239 [Music]
z6O5DPYtx58-00037-00034240-00034447 you
z7MDB0677Kc-00001-00003255-00004262 do
z7MDB0677Kc-00002-00004263-00004858 [Music]
z7MDB0677Kc-00003-00004859-00005169 [Applause]
z7MDB0677Kc-00004-00005170-00007719 [Music]
z7MDB0677Kc-00005-00007720-00008838 do
z7MDB0677Kc-00007-00020368-00023003 do
z7MDB0677Kc-00008-00023004-00024839 [Applause]
z7MDB0677Kc-00009-00024840-00025048 you
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00000-00000051-00000316 a mahram is an unmarried can with whom
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00001-00000317-00000521 marriage or sexual intercourse would be
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00002-00000522-00000746 considered haram illegal in Islam or
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00003-00000747-00000908 people from whom per day is not
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00004-00000909-00001148 obligatory or legal escorts of a woman
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00005-00001149-00001322 during journey longer than a day and
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00006-00001323-00001957 night 24 hours
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00007-00001959-00002464 topic overview
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00008-00002465-00002806 you
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00009-00002807-00003080 topic people with whom marriage is
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00010-00003081-00003469 prohibited
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00011-00003470-00003739 permanent or blood morons include
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00012-00003740-00003965 parents grandparents and further
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00013-00003965-00004295 ancestors children grandchildren and
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00014-00004296-00004715 further descendants siblings siblings of
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00015-00004716-00004892 parents grandparents and further
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00016-00004893-00005162 ancestors children and further
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00017-00005163-00005483 descendants of siblings in LOM arms with
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00018-00005484-00005654 whom one becomes mahram by marrying
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00019-00005655-00005987 someone parents grandparents and further
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00020-00005988-00006254 ancestors of spouse children
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00021-00006255-00006461 grandchildren and further descendants of
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00022-00006462-00006794 spouse spouse of parents grandparents
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00023-00006795-00007115 and further ancestors spouse of children
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00024-00007116-00007301 grandchildren and further descendants
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00025-00007302-00007481 note marriage with stepfather is
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00026-00007481-00007645 prohibited only if the man has
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00027-00007647-00007795 consummated with her mother
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00028-00007795-00008185 radda or milk suckling mom's with whom
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00029-00008186-00008351 one becomes mahram because of being
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00030-00008352-00008639 nursed by the same woman foster mother
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00031-00008640-00008957 and further female ancestors foster
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00032-00008958-00009248 sibling when a woman acts as a wet nurse
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00033-00009249-00009440 that is she breastfeeds an infant that
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00034-00009441-00009617 is not her own child for a certain
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00035-00009618-00009806 amount of time under certain conditions
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00036-00009807-00010025 she becomes the child's rod a mother and
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00037-00010026-00010193 everything concerning blood mahram
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00038-00010194-00010406 supplies here like radha father mother
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00039-00010407-00010610 Radha's sister brother Radha aunt uncle
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00040-00010611-00010886 and so on in English these can be
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00041-00010887-00011089 referred to as milk brother milk mother
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00042-00011090-00011336 and so on for a man mahram women include
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00043-00011337-00011489 his mother grandmother daughter
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00044-00011490-00011747 granddaughter sister aunt grand aunt
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00045-00011748-00012002 niece grand niece his father's wife
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00046-00012003-00012200 his wife's daughter stepdaughter his
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00047-00012201-00012410 mother-in-law his Radha mother and any
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00048-00012411-00012614 other Radha relatives that correspond to
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00049-00012615-00012796 the above-mentioned blood relatives as
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00050-00012797-00013112 the Prophet said what is forbidden by
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00051-00013113-00013366 reason of kinship is forbidden by reason
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00052-00013368-00013666 of suckling these are considered mahram
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00053-00013668-00013819 because they are mentioned in the Quran
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00054-00013820-00014231 and Nisa 22 to 23 and marry not women
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00055-00014232-00014413 whom your father's married except what
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00056-00014415-00014582 has already passed indeed it was
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00057-00014583-00014783 shameful and most hateful and an evil
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00058-00014784-00015050 way forbidden to you for marriage aren't
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00059-00015051-00015194 your mother's your daughter's your
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00060-00015194-00015377 sisters your paternal aunts your
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00061-00015378-00015536 maternal aunts brothers daughters
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00062-00015537-00015743 sisters daughters your foster mother's
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00063-00015744-00015941 your sisters from suckling mothers of
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00064-00015941-00016124 your spouse's your stepdaughters from
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00065-00016125-00016286 your those spouses you have entered into
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00066-00016287-00016447 them but if you have not entered into
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00067-00016448-00016600 them then there is no blame on you
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00068-00016601-00016809 spouses of your sons from your own law
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00069-00016810-00017001 and that you had two sisters except that
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00070-00017002-00017211 has passed indeed God is forgiving and
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00071-00017212-00017279 merciful
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00072-00017280-00017553 all of the man's female relatives
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00073-00017554-00017718 mentioned in these two verses are
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00074-00017719-00017898 considered his muharram because it is
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00075-00017899-00018102 unlawful haram for him to marry them
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00076-00018103-00018291 except the wife sister mentioned last
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00077-00018292-00018492 who is not a mahram because he can marry
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00078-00018493-00018693 her if he divorces her sister or if his
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00079-00018694-00018954 wife dies the notion of mahram is
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00080-00018955-00019173 reciprocal all other relatives are
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00081-00019174-00019362 considered non muharram and they fall
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00082-00019363-00020011 under the category of strangers
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00083-00020012-00020305 topic legal escorts of women during
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00084-00020306-00020682 journey
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00085-00020683-00020937 a woman's male mahram fall into four
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00086-00020938-00021138 categories three categories in the
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00087-00021139-00021315 strict sense definition that does not
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00088-00021316-00021606 count when spouse Marv's for a man can
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00089-00021607-00021939 be derived in a similar manner however
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00090-00021940-00022152 legal escorts of a woman during journey
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00091-00022153-00022341 are her husband and with whom she cannot
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00092-00022342-00022524 marry due to blood and he is adult
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00093-00022525-00022844 insane relation that include husband
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00094-00022845-00023127 father grandfather and further male
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00095-00023128-00023478 ancestors son grandson and further male
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00096-00023479-00023871 descendants brother brother of parents
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00097-00023872-00024204 grandparents and further ancestors son
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00098-00024205-00024423 grandson and further male descendants of
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00099-00024424-00025153 sibling some also include milk relatives
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00100-00025154-00025464 topic some rules regarding mahram Xand
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00101-00025465-00026132 GHA why arm arms non morons
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00102-00026133-00026391 theoretically a Muslim woman's mom's
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00103-00026392-00026598 formed a group of allowable escorts when
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00104-00026599-00026933 she travels an adopted brother adopted
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00105-00026935-00027279 sister of a woman man is G H a yr mahram
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00106-00027280-00027480 to her him and they can marry each other
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00107-00027481-00027837 the term adopted means those children
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00108-00027838-00028035 who are adopted by one's parents for the
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00109-00028036-00028197 purpose of providing shelter and
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00110-00028198-00028370 upbringing and who do not fall under the
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00111-00028372-00028551 relationships outlined under the section
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00112-00028552-00028842 who is mahram above exception and
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00113-00028843-00029022 adopted brother who suckled the mother
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00114-00029023-00029279 of the woman as axiomatically Amara
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00115-00029280-00029535 except for the spouse being mahram as a
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00116-00029536-00029751 permanent condition that means for
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00117-00029752-00029952 example that a man will remain mahram to
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00118-00029952-00030158 his ex mother-in-law after divorcing her
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00119-00030160-00030495 daughter 1 is G H a yr mahram to one's
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00120-00030495-00030855 ex spouse one must not stay with a GH a
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00121-00030856-00031083 yr mahram in seclusion where none of
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00122-00031083-00031239 their mom's is present see also
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00123-00031239-00031593 proxemics if wives of a man each become
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00124-00031594-00031812 a rata mother of a child all children
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00125-00031813-00031983 and all rodham others will be mahram to
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00126-00031983-00032535 each other
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00127-00032536-00033086 topic see also
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00128-00033087-00033656 HRM incest Islamic marital jurisprudence
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00129-00033657-00034212 cousin marriage
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00130-00034213-00034723 topic reference
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00131-00034724-00035209 the quran al-baqarah 2 to 221 Abdul
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00132-00035210-00035560 Rahman Muhammad Saed Islam questions and
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00133-00035561-00035770 answers jurisprudence and Islamic
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00134-00035771-00036060 rulings London MSA publication limited
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00135-00036061-00036676 2007 pp 22 to 23 Packard gwen k coping
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00136-00036677-00036907 in an interfaith family New York Rosen
z9lqQf8Q8hM-00137-00036908-00037408 Publishing Group 1993 P 11
zqDiqK0ltgI-00000-00000800-00001191 last time we completed until number 61
zqDiqK0ltgI-00001-00001192-00002164 so now we'll start this one bismillahi
zqDiqK0ltgI-00002-00002165-00002326 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00003-00002327-00002695 besides both of them
zqDiqK0ltgI-00004-00002696-00003199 do nihima and besides both of them
zqDiqK0ltgI-00005-00003200-00003359 jannatan
zqDiqK0ltgI-00006-00003360-00003863 there are two gardens
zqDiqK0ltgI-00007-00003864-00004519 two gardens
zqDiqK0ltgI-00008-00004520-00004686 and besides
zqDiqK0ltgI-00009-00004687-00005591 both of them there are two gardens
zqDiqK0ltgI-00010-00005592-00005863 so which blessings of your lord you both
zqDiqK0ltgI-00011-00005864-00006151 will deny
zqDiqK0ltgI-00012-00006152-00006710 mudd
zqDiqK0ltgI-00013-00006711-00006814 dark
zqDiqK0ltgI-00014-00006815-00007125 green in color
zqDiqK0ltgI-00015-00007126-00007787 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00016-00007788-00008263 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00017-00008264-00008503 blessings of your lord you both will
zqDiqK0ltgI-00018-00008504-00008671 deny
zqDiqK0ltgI-00019-00008672-00008839 fi hima
zqDiqK0ltgI-00020-00008840-00009031 in both of them
zqDiqK0ltgI-00021-00009032-00009319 fi hima in both of them
zqDiqK0ltgI-00022-00009320-00009471 i none
zqDiqK0ltgI-00023-00009472-00009759 two water springs
zqDiqK0ltgI-00024-00009760-00009935 water springs are usually found in
zqDiqK0ltgI-00025-00009936-00010119 mountain areas
zqDiqK0ltgI-00026-00010120-00010238 so here
zqDiqK0ltgI-00027-00010239-00010574 that water spring is meant i norm to
zqDiqK0ltgI-00028-00010575-00010919 water springs
zqDiqK0ltgI-00029-00010920-00011014 on
zqDiqK0ltgI-00030-00011015-00012263 both are gushing forth
zqDiqK0ltgI-00031-00012264-00012614 in both of them there are two springs
zqDiqK0ltgI-00032-00012615-00013030 gushing forth or two water springs
zqDiqK0ltgI-00033-00013031-00013727 gushing forth
zqDiqK0ltgI-00034-00013728-00013958 so with blessings of your lord you both
zqDiqK0ltgI-00036-00017077-00018335 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00037-00018336-00018679 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00038-00018680-00018927 so which blessings of your lord you both
zqDiqK0ltgI-00039-00018928-00019183 will deny
zqDiqK0ltgI-00040-00019184-00019506 fi hinda in them
zqDiqK0ltgI-00041-00019507-00019639 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00042-00019640-00021094 in them
zqDiqK0ltgI-00043-00021095-00021311 lady with good manners
zqDiqK0ltgI-00044-00021312-00021622 a girl with good manners
zqDiqK0ltgI-00045-00021623-00021878 he saw mean beautiful
zqDiqK0ltgI-00046-00021879-00022478 his son means beautiful
zqDiqK0ltgI-00047-00022479-00022520 his
zqDiqK0ltgI-00048-00022521-00022663 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00049-00022664-00023063 in them they are beautiful
zqDiqK0ltgI-00050-00023064-00023367 they are beautiful good girls
zqDiqK0ltgI-00051-00023368-00023558 khairat is used in the sense of good
zqDiqK0ltgI-00052-00023559-00023775 character good manners
zqDiqK0ltgI-00053-00023776-00024039 so in them there are girls of good
zqDiqK0ltgI-00054-00024040-00024175 characters
zqDiqK0ltgI-00055-00024176-00024303 good
zqDiqK0ltgI-00056-00024304-00024612 behavior
zqDiqK0ltgI-00057-00024613-00024919 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00058-00024920-00025207 so which blessings of your lord
zqDiqK0ltgI-00059-00025208-00026711 you both will
zqDiqK0ltgI-00060-00026712-00026814 whose
zqDiqK0ltgI-00061-00026816-00026958 eye lens is
zqDiqK0ltgI-00062-00026960-00027190 dark black
zqDiqK0ltgI-00063-00027191-00027287 and
zqDiqK0ltgI-00064-00027288-00027495 rest of the eye is
zqDiqK0ltgI-00065-00027495-00027718 dark white
zqDiqK0ltgI-00066-00027719-00027799 or
zqDiqK0ltgI-00067-00027800-00028039 just we say absolutely white
zqDiqK0ltgI-00068-00028039-00028287 so or mean dead lady
zqDiqK0ltgI-00069-00028288-00028583 whose eye lens
zqDiqK0ltgI-00070-00028583-00028662 is
zqDiqK0ltgI-00071-00028663-00028855 dark black
zqDiqK0ltgI-00072-00028856-00028951 and
zqDiqK0ltgI-00073-00028952-00029231 retina and other part of the eye is
zqDiqK0ltgI-00075-00032457-00032887 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00076-00032888-00033118 which blessings of your lord you both
zqDiqK0ltgI-00077-00033119-00034695 will deny
zqDiqK0ltgI-00078-00034696-00034943 did not touch them
zqDiqK0ltgI-00079-00034944-00035625 in some human
zqDiqK0ltgI-00080-00035626-00037681 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00081-00037682-00038007 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00082-00038008-00038230 so which blessings of your lord you both
zqDiqK0ltgI-00083-00038231-00038646 will deny
zqDiqK0ltgI-00084-00038647-00038872 allah
zqDiqK0ltgI-00085-00038873-00040567 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00086-00040568-00040683 fluff in
zqDiqK0ltgI-00087-00040684-00041046 cushions holder in green
zqDiqK0ltgI-00088-00041047-00041271 holder in green
zqDiqK0ltgI-00089-00041272-00041439 wa and
zqDiqK0ltgI-00090-00041440-00041679 up curry carpets
zqDiqK0ltgI-00091-00041680-00041943 up curry carpets
zqDiqK0ltgI-00092-00041944-00043479 he sound beautiful
zqDiqK0ltgI-00093-00043480-00043878 and beautiful carpets
zqDiqK0ltgI-00094-00043879-00044199 [Music]
zqDiqK0ltgI-00095-00044200-00044439 so with blessings of your lord you both
zqDiqK0ltgI-00096-00044440-00046151 will deny
zqDiqK0ltgI-00097-00046152-00046239 your
zqDiqK0ltgI-00098-00046240-00046399 lord
zqDiqK0ltgI-00099-00046400-00046743 become your lord
zqDiqK0ltgI-00100-00046744-00046823 zee
zqDiqK0ltgI-00101-00046824-00046974 honor
zqDiqK0ltgI-00102-00046975-00047335 zee on the road wner honor
zqDiqK0ltgI-00103-00047336-00047615 al-jalal the majesty
zqDiqK0ltgI-00104-00047616-00049135 al-jalan
zqDiqK0ltgI-00105-00049136-00049343 is the name of your lord who is the
zqDiqK0ltgI-00106-00049344-00049486 honor of
zqDiqK0ltgI-00107-00049487-00050007 majesty and honor
zqDiqK0ltgI-00108-00050008-00050318 now we completed this as well
zqDiqK0ltgI-00109-00050319-00050599 so for the homework in the quran and
zqDiqK0ltgI-00110-00050600-00050751 cream class
zqDiqK0ltgI-00111-00050752-00050943 you will find it in homework number
zqDiqK0ltgI-00112-00050944-00051214 eleven so this minion
zqDiqK0ltgI-00113-00051215-00051407 until now you have done all these
zqDiqK0ltgI-00114-00051408-00051638 homeworks so you need to complete on all
zqDiqK0ltgI-00115-00051639-00051823 the homeworks until homework number
zqDiqK0ltgI-00116-00051824-00051958 eleven
zqDiqK0ltgI-00117-00051959-00052111 you will just open them and you will
zqDiqK0ltgI-00118-00052112-00052382 write their meanings there
zqDiqK0ltgI-00119-00052383-00052703 then in refusal quran in the cream class
zqDiqK0ltgI-00120-00052704-00052879 you will you have to do all the
zqDiqK0ltgI-00121-00052879-00053247 homeworks until homework number nine
zqDiqK0ltgI-00122-00053248-00053591 you will do like this
zqDiqK0ltgI-00123-00053591-00053815 and also on youtube you will find some
zqDiqK0ltgI-00124-00053816-00054071 videos which will help you in memorizing
zqDiqK0ltgI-00125-00054072-00054238 the quran
zqDiqK0ltgI-00126-00054239-00054542 if you have any difficulty any question
zqDiqK0ltgI-00127-00054544-00054782 feel free to ask me on my whatsapp as
zqDiqK0ltgI-00128-00054783-00055007 well or you can ask me in the comments
zqDiqK0ltgI-00129-00055008-00055159 as well
zqDiqK0ltgI-00130-00055160-00055500 ma salama
zrTUus8wK0E-00000-00002356-00002650 welcome back what we're going to do in
zrTUus8wK0E-00001-00002651-00002887 this video is discuss an extremely
zrTUus8wK0E-00002-00002888-00003201 important topic in biochemistry that
zrTUus8wK0E-00003-00003202-00003514 topic is methylation methylation is of
zrTUus8wK0E-00004-00003515-00003751 paramount importance in biochemistry and
zrTUus8wK0E-00005-00003752-00004117 really to get a broad very very actually
zrTUus8wK0E-00006-00004118-00004363 detailed look at the cell we have to
zrTUus8wK0E-00007-00004364-00004543 understand methylation there are many
zrTUus8wK0E-00008-00004544-00004842 processes that use s adenosylmethionine
zrTUus8wK0E-00009-00004843-00005170 in order to methylate for instance your
zrTUus8wK0E-00010-00005171-00005532 DNA is constantly being methylated in
zrTUus8wK0E-00011-00005533-00005803 order to degrade catecholamines one of
zrTUus8wK0E-00012-00005804-00006070 the processes is catalyzed by catechol
zrTUus8wK0E-00013-00006071-00006247 Oh metal transferase and that's going to
zrTUus8wK0E-00014-00006248-00006489 methylate the catecholamine in order to
zrTUus8wK0E-00015-00006490-00006586 inactivate it
zrTUus8wK0E-00016-00006587-00006769 there's also another enzyme called
zrTUus8wK0E-00017-00006770-00006984 phenol ethanolamine and methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00018-00006986-00007170 transferase and that's an enzyme that
zrTUus8wK0E-00019-00007172-00007371 methylates norepinephrine to make
zrTUus8wK0E-00020-00007372-00007642 epinephrine so there are a lot of
zrTUus8wK0E-00021-00007643-00007843 examples really important examples of
zrTUus8wK0E-00022-00007844-00008068 methylation reactions that occur in the
zrTUus8wK0E-00023-00008069-00008455 cell and in general for the most part
zrTUus8wK0E-00024-00008456-00008692 the methyl group donor is going to be
zrTUus8wK0E-00025-00008693-00008949 this molecule right here it's s
zrTUus8wK0E-00026-00008950-00009285 adenosylmethionine and oftentimes what
zrTUus8wK0E-00027-00009286-00009535 we usually abbreviated as is Sam or
zrTUus8wK0E-00028-00009536-00009766 another abbreviation that's also common
zrTUus8wK0E-00029-00009767-00010141 as a dou net okay ordinarily I just
zrTUus8wK0E-00030-00010142-00010342 write Sam because it's a lot easier than
zrTUus8wK0E-00031-00010343-00010510 writing out a double net and it's
zrTUus8wK0E-00032-00010511-00010656 certainly a lot easier than writing out
zrTUus8wK0E-00033-00010657-00010969 s adenosylmethionine now before we
zrTUus8wK0E-00034-00010970-00011266 really go into the cycle itself
zrTUus8wK0E-00035-00011267-00011698 let's analyze Sam okay so number one we
zrTUus8wK0E-00036-00011699-00011910 have this adenosine group right here
zrTUus8wK0E-00037-00011911-00012153 this is our adenosine right it's our
zrTUus8wK0E-00038-00012154-00012477 night is our nucleoside right and then
zrTUus8wK0E-00039-00012478-00012826 notice we have an amino acid right this
zrTUus8wK0E-00040-00012827-00013105 component right here this is what amino
zrTUus8wK0E-00041-00013106-00013378 acid well it's meth I mean right
zrTUus8wK0E-00042-00013379-00013585 you have your two methylene groups and
zrTUus8wK0E-00043-00013586-00013786 then a methyl file right so this is
zrTUus8wK0E-00044-00013787-00014044 methionine essentially in a covalent
zrTUus8wK0E-00045-00014044-00014341 bond with adenosine through the five
zrTUus8wK0E-00046-00014341-00014608 prime part of adenosine and through the
zrTUus8wK0E-00047-00014609-00015016 s or the sulfur of methionine now notice
zrTUus8wK0E-00048-00015016-00015079 what
zrTUus8wK0E-00049-00015080-00015229 and you can't you might not be able to
zrTUus8wK0E-00050-00015230-00015366 see it too well but I'm gonna go ahead
zrTUus8wK0E-00051-00015368-00015661 and highlight this this sulfur notice
zrTUus8wK0E-00052-00015662-00015982 has a positive charge on it okay
zrTUus8wK0E-00053-00015983-00016191 sulfur even though it can handle a
zrTUus8wK0E-00054-00016193-00016378 positive charge better than oxygen
zrTUus8wK0E-00055-00016379-00016618 it still doesn't really like to have a
zrTUus8wK0E-00056-00016619-00016873 positive charge so the methyl group
zrTUus8wK0E-00057-00016874-00017167 that's situated below the sulfur in this
zrTUus8wK0E-00058-00017168-00017362 picture becomes a really hot
zrTUus8wK0E-00059-00017363-00017698 electrophile and so nucleophiles like to
zrTUus8wK0E-00060-00017699-00017929 attack it and so we'll look at the
zrTUus8wK0E-00061-00017930-00018181 mechanism of a methyl transferase in a
zrTUus8wK0E-00062-00018182-00018358 little bit but suffice it to say that
zrTUus8wK0E-00063-00018359-00018601 when a nucleophile attacks that methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00064-00018602-00018817 group it forces the rest of that
zrTUus8wK0E-00065-00018818-00019045 molecule to be a good leaving group and
zrTUus8wK0E-00066-00019046-00019252 it is a good leaving group so at this
zrTUus8wK0E-00067-00019253-00019579 point let's start with s
zrTUus8wK0E-00068-00019580-00019768 adenosylmethionine even though it's
zrTUus8wK0E-00069-00019769-00019966 technically even though the next step is
zrTUus8wK0E-00070-00019967-00020131 technically step two we're gonna start
zrTUus8wK0E-00071-00020132-00020326 with that step let's start with s
zrTUus8wK0E-00072-00020327-00020593 adenosylmethionine and kind of see how
zrTUus8wK0E-00073-00020594-00020920 it works okay so what I have down here
zrTUus8wK0E-00074-00020921-00021091 is a reaction that you would normally
zrTUus8wK0E-00075-00021092-00021358 see in biochemistry - this is going to
zrTUus8wK0E-00076-00021359-00021613 be the reaction of guanidine o acetate
zrTUus8wK0E-00077-00021614-00021799 and methyl transferase so the molecule
zrTUus8wK0E-00078-00021800-00022084 on the left is the precursor to creatine
zrTUus8wK0E-00079-00022085-00022269 in fact the molecule on the right is
zrTUus8wK0E-00080-00022270-00022504 creatine so that without molecule on the
zrTUus8wK0E-00081-00022505-00022780 left is guanidine o acetate and this is
zrTUus8wK0E-00082-00022781-00022975 going to be the reaction of guanidine o
zrTUus8wK0E-00083-00022976-00023215 acetate and methyl transferase methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00084-00023216-00023512 transferases are often pretty easy to
zrTUus8wK0E-00085-00023513-00023788 identify because they'll often either be
zrTUus8wK0E-00086-00023789-00023989 labeled as n methyl transferase which
zrTUus8wK0E-00087-00023990-00024151 means that the methyl group will be
zrTUus8wK0E-00088-00024152-00024430 transferred to a nitrogen or ol methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00089-00024431-00024616 transferase in which it's transferred to
zrTUus8wK0E-00090-00024617-00024928 an oxygen there are a few reactions here
zrTUus8wK0E-00091-00024929-00025057 and there were there C methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00092-00025058-00025234 transferases but the overwhelming
zrTUus8wK0E-00093-00025235-00025456 majority are going to be N and O methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00094-00025457-00025669 transferases so for instance you would
zrTUus8wK0E-00095-00025670-00025902 know that we're gonna transfer a methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00096-00025904-00026109 group to the nitrogen because this is
zrTUus8wK0E-00097-00026110-00026407 guanidine o SI n methyl transferase okay
zrTUus8wK0E-00098-00026408-00026626 so the very first step of a mecca no
zrTUus8wK0E-00099-00026627-00026806 mechanism like this is ordinarily
zrTUus8wK0E-00100-00026807-00027022 deprotonation so there's going to be a
zrTUus8wK0E-00101-00027023-00027280 base in the active site that's going to
zrTUus8wK0E-00102-00027281-00027540 deprotonate in this case the nitrogen
zrTUus8wK0E-00103-00027541-00027783 because it's an N methyl transferase now
zrTUus8wK0E-00104-00027785-00028024 in this particular reaction I'm showing
zrTUus8wK0E-00105-00028025-00028261 you the concerted process just so you
zrTUus8wK0E-00106-00028262-00028510 can get an overall view of the react
zrTUus8wK0E-00107-00028511-00028744 there's actually two proposed mechanisms
zrTUus8wK0E-00108-00028745-00028954 for guanidine Oh acetate and methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00109-00028955-00029095 transferase those are the concerted
zrTUus8wK0E-00110-00029095-00029383 processes and the stepwise I'm showing
zrTUus8wK0E-00111-00029383-00029527 you the conservative process because
zrTUus8wK0E-00112-00029527-00029662 it's a little bit easier conceptually
zrTUus8wK0E-00113-00029663-00029899 okay so the base is going to deprotonate
zrTUus8wK0E-00114-00029900-00030172 the proton from the nitrogen and that's
zrTUus8wK0E-00115-00030173-00030312 going to force these electrons to come
zrTUus8wK0E-00116-00030313-00030702 out and attack this methyl group okay so
zrTUus8wK0E-00117-00030704-00030855 they attack this methyl group and
zrTUus8wK0E-00118-00030856-00031077 remember that that methyl group is a
zrTUus8wK0E-00119-00031079-00031395 really hot electrophile why is it a hot
zrTUus8wK0E-00120-00031397-00031669 electrophile because the sulfur atom is
zrTUus8wK0E-00121-00031670-00031876 attached to has a positive charge
zrTUus8wK0E-00122-00031877-00032125 it doesn't particularly like to be like
zrTUus8wK0E-00123-00032126-00032398 that now if you attack that methyl group
zrTUus8wK0E-00124-00032399-00032560 you have to have a leaving group right
zrTUus8wK0E-00125-00032561-00032718 this is just a simple biomolecular
zrTUus8wK0E-00126-00032719-00032946 substitution reaction that's also
zrTUus8wK0E-00127-00032947-00033067 something that's important this is an
zrTUus8wK0E-00128-00033068-00033385 sn2 one of the few sn2 s we'll actually
zrTUus8wK0E-00129-00033386-00033649 see in biochemistry so when that those
zrTUus8wK0E-00130-00033650-00033877 electrons attack that methyl group there
zrTUus8wK0E-00131-00033878-00034051 has to be a leaving group and the
zrTUus8wK0E-00132-00034052-00034243 leaving group I'll do this electrons in
zrTUus8wK0E-00133-00034244-00034474 light blue the leaving group is
zrTUus8wK0E-00134-00034475-00034624 essentially the whole rest of this
zrTUus8wK0E-00135-00034625-00034810 molecule and actually one thing I should
zrTUus8wK0E-00136-00034811-00034912 go ahead and do I didn't even notice
zrTUus8wK0E-00137-00034913-00035173 this let me go ahead and erase this let
zrTUus8wK0E-00138-00035174-00035380 me go ahead and erase that this molecule
zrTUus8wK0E-00139-00035381-00035596 that's right here this one is often
zrTUus8wK0E-00140-00035597-00035887 abbreviated si loops is often
zrTUus8wK0E-00141-00035888-00036169 abbreviated si H and because this
zrTUus8wK0E-00142-00036170-00036610 molecule is s-adenosyl homocysteine okay
zrTUus8wK0E-00143-00036611-00036901 so whenever sess adenosylmethionine or
zrTUus8wK0E-00144-00036902-00036976 Sam
zrTUus8wK0E-00145-00036977-00037221 whenever sam transfers a methyl group
zrTUus8wK0E-00146-00037222-00037452 the leaving group or the product is
zrTUus8wK0E-00147-00037453-00037852 always s-adenosyl homocysteine and so in
zrTUus8wK0E-00148-00037853-00038077 this particular reaction we took Gwon
zrTUus8wK0E-00149-00038078-00038320 Dino acetate transfer to nitrogen
zrTUus8wK0E-00150-00038321-00038470 actually a methyl group to the nitrogen
zrTUus8wK0E-00151-00038471-00039033 and generated creatine creatine and so
zrTUus8wK0E-00152-00039034-00039310 the product of this reaction apart for
zrTUus8wK0E-00153-00039311-00039454 creatine is going to be s-adenosyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00154-00039455-00039664 homocysteine so when you come back to up
zrTUus8wK0E-00155-00039665-00039934 here and look at the Sam cycle which is
zrTUus8wK0E-00156-00039935-00040165 what the cycle is called notice that
zrTUus8wK0E-00157-00040166-00040333 they say a variety of methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00158-00040334-00040501 transferases because there are a whole
zrTUus8wK0E-00159-00040502-00040636 bunch of them there's ol methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00160-00040637-00040906 transferases and methyl transferases C
zrTUus8wK0E-00161-00040907-00041260 methyl transferases and so the product
zrTUus8wK0E-00162-00041261-00041476 is just going to be methylated but the
zrTUus8wK0E-00163-00041477-00041811 leaving group of the actual sn2 reaction
zrTUus8wK0E-00164-00041812-00042105 is going to be s-adenosyl where's my
zrTUus8wK0E-00165-00042106-00042535 mouse is going to be Mouse's up there is
zrTUus8wK0E-00166-00042536-00042738 gonna be s-adenosyl homocysteine I'm
zrTUus8wK0E-00167-00042739-00042876 having trouble seeing my mouse because
zrTUus8wK0E-00168-00042877-00043176 of the white screen anyways okay so
zrTUus8wK0E-00169-00043177-00043563 that's gonna be the product is
zrTUus8wK0E-00170-00043564-00043875 s-adenosyl homocysteine however we have
zrTUus8wK0E-00171-00043876-00044042 to regenerate s-adenosylmethionine
zrTUus8wK0E-00172-00044043-00044295 somehow and it turns out that s-adenosyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00173-00044296-00044589 homocysteine is pretty worthless so what
zrTUus8wK0E-00174-00044590-00044787 we're gonna do is use an enzyme called
zrTUus8wK0E-00175-00044788-00045057 s-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolase and
zrTUus8wK0E-00176-00045058-00045354 essentially what s-adenosyl homocysteine
zrTUus8wK0E-00177-00045355-00045570 hydrolase is gonna do is it's simply
zrTUus8wK0E-00178-00045571-00045858 going to do an sn2 reaction it's going
zrTUus8wK0E-00179-00045859-00046095 to do an sn2 reaction and it's going to
zrTUus8wK0E-00180-00046096-00046455 cleave off homocysteine and if you
zrTUus8wK0E-00181-00046456-00046716 notice homocysteine is basically
zrTUus8wK0E-00182-00046717-00046962 cysteine but with an extra methylene
zrTUus8wK0E-00183-00046963-00047110 group in the middle so if I'm labeling
zrTUus8wK0E-00184-00047111-00047370 it here's the extra methylene group in
zrTUus8wK0E-00185-00047371-00047529 the middle and that's what homocysteine
zrTUus8wK0E-00186-00047530-00047787 is it's it's just an alternate version
zrTUus8wK0E-00187-00047788-00048015 of cysteine and it's the product of
zrTUus8wK0E-00188-00048016-00048312 s-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolase so in
zrTUus8wK0E-00189-00048313-00048735 other words what what this enzyme is
zrTUus8wK0E-00190-00048736-00048910 going to do is simply going to do an sn2
zrTUus8wK0E-00191-00048911-00049194 reaction on adenosine and kick off
zrTUus8wK0E-00192-00049195-00049395 homocysteine as the leaving group okay
zrTUus8wK0E-00193-00049396-00049602 now what we're about to see is we're
zrTUus8wK0E-00194-00049603-00049779 about to actually see another
zrTUus8wK0E-00195-00049780-00049995 biosynthesis we're about to actually see
zrTUus8wK0E-00196-00049996-00050271 one of the ways we synthesize methionine
zrTUus8wK0E-00197-00050272-00050490 and the enzyme that does this is called
zrTUus8wK0E-00198-00050491-00050760 methionine synthase now this particular
zrTUus8wK0E-00199-00050761-00051135 enzyme requires two coenzymes one of
zrTUus8wK0E-00200-00051136-00051337 them is vitamin b12 also called
zrTUus8wK0E-00201-00051338-00051588 cobalamin and the other one is an
zrTUus8wK0E-00202-00051589-00051886 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate and the reason
zrTUus8wK0E-00203-00051887-00052119 it's called n5 methyl is because this
zrTUus8wK0E-00204-00052120-00052308 particular methyl group right here is
zrTUus8wK0E-00205-00052309-00052540 attached to nitrogen number five on
zrTUus8wK0E-00206-00052541-00052737 tetrahydrofolate so you call it n
zrTUus8wK0E-00207-00052738-00053043 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate and if you're
zrTUus8wK0E-00208-00053044-00053291 actually looking at the biosynthesis of
zrTUus8wK0E-00209-00053292-00053509 tetrahydrofolate switch I recommend you
zrTUus8wK0E-00210-00053510-00053700 go back and do we have a video on that
zrTUus8wK0E-00211-00053701-00054030 this is synthesized directly from n 5
zrTUus8wK0E-00212-00054031-00054571 and 10 methylene oops let me come down
zrTUus8wK0E-00213-00054572-00054866 here and do that in five n 10 methylene
zrTUus8wK0E-00214-00054867-00055467 n 5 n 10 methylene tetrahydrofolate and
zrTUus8wK0E-00215-00055468-00055834 that gets converted irreversibly to n
zrTUus8wK0E-00216-00055835-00056037 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate
zrTUus8wK0E-00217-00056038-00056325 by the action of n 5 n 10 methylene
zrTUus8wK0E-00218-00056326-00056434 tetrahydrofolate
zrTUus8wK0E-00219-00056435-00056766 reductase which happens to be an NADPH
zrTUus8wK0E-00220-00056767-00057091 dependent reductase now you would think
zrTUus8wK0E-00221-00057091-00057351 that the methyl transferred to be just a
zrTUus8wK0E-00222-00057352-00057825 simple sn2 between homocysteine and n
zrTUus8wK0E-00223-00057826-00058038 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate but the
zrTUus8wK0E-00224-00058039-00058263 mechanism is a lot more convoluted than
zrTUus8wK0E-00225-00058264-00058516 that it's really complicated the actual
zrTUus8wK0E-00226-00058516-00058741 methyl group is going to be transferred
zrTUus8wK0E-00227-00058741-00059130 first to vitamin b12 synthesizing methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00228-00059131-00059424 cobalamin and then methyl cobalamin will
zrTUus8wK0E-00229-00059425-00059572 then transfer the methyl group to the
zrTUus8wK0E-00230-00059573-00059811 thiamine excuse me to homocysteine
zrTUus8wK0E-00231-00059812-00060154 making meth I mean okay so there's
zrTUus8wK0E-00232-00060154-00060291 actually an intermediate that it goes
zrTUus8wK0E-00233-00060292-00060501 through in which the vitamin b12 has the
zrTUus8wK0E-00234-00060502-00060799 methyl group and then homocysteine picks
zrTUus8wK0E-00235-00060800-00060928 up the methyl group to become the
zrTUus8wK0E-00236-00060929-00061200 thiamine okay so now that we have
zrTUus8wK0E-00237-00061201-00061429 methionine now all we need to do is
zrTUus8wK0E-00238-00061429-00061680 transfer the adenosine group onto it and
zrTUus8wK0E-00239-00061681-00061854 this is accomplished by the action of
zrTUus8wK0E-00240-00061855-00062088 methionine adenosyl transferase and
zrTUus8wK0E-00241-00062089-00062272 notice that in the process of this
zrTUus8wK0E-00242-00062273-00062497 enzyme not only do we kick off phosphate
zrTUus8wK0E-00243-00062498-00062787 but we also kick off pyrophosphate and
zrTUus8wK0E-00244-00062788-00062937 one of the good things about this
zrTUus8wK0E-00245-00062938-00063237 reaction is that the pyrophosphate
zrTUus8wK0E-00246-00063238-00063432 the inorganic pyrophosphate can be
zrTUus8wK0E-00247-00063433-00063760 consumed by inorganic pyro phosphatase a
zrTUus8wK0E-00248-00063761-00064050 hydrolytic enzyme that cleaves inorganic
zrTUus8wK0E-00249-00064051-00064291 pyrophosphate into two inorganic
zrTUus8wK0E-00250-00064291-00064362 phosphates
zrTUus8wK0E-00251-00064363-00064597 and that release of free energy that
zrTUus8wK0E-00252-00064598-00064929 exergonic reaction is used to drive work
zrTUus8wK0E-00253-00064930-00065203 inside the cell and one of the really
zrTUus8wK0E-00254-00065204-00065394 sort of bizarre things about this
zrTUus8wK0E-00255-00065395-00065655 particular pathway that you don't see
zrTUus8wK0E-00256-00065656-00066046 anywhere else is for the most part every
zrTUus8wK0E-00257-00066047-00066286 single reaction in here is with the
zrTUus8wK0E-00258-00066287-00066474 exception of inorganic pyro phosphatase
zrTUus8wK0E-00259-00066475-00066741 for the most part all the reactions in
zrTUus8wK0E-00260-00066742-00067107 some way contain an sn2 notice that the
zrTUus8wK0E-00261-00067108-00067291 methyl transferase reaction that we just
zrTUus8wK0E-00262-00067292-00067573 looked at that's an sn2 right we looked
zrTUus8wK0E-00263-00067574-00067743 at guanidine o acetate and methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00264-00067744-00068028 transferase the base deprotonated the
zrTUus8wK0E-00265-00068029-00068215 nitrogen and those electrons attacked
zrTUus8wK0E-00266-00068216-00068250 them
zrTUus8wK0E-00267-00068251-00068466 holger loss of a leaving group was
zrTUus8wK0E-00268-00068467-00068646 s-adenosyl homocysteine
zrTUus8wK0E-00269-00068647-00069009 so that was an sn2 right also the
zrTUus8wK0E-00270-00069010-00069237 s-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolase is
zrTUus8wK0E-00271-00069238-00069540 also an sn2 with homocysteine as the
zrTUus8wK0E-00272-00069541-00069705 leaving group okay
zrTUus8wK0E-00273-00069706-00069921 so a lot of the enzymes in here
zrTUus8wK0E-00274-00069922-00070107 including methionine adenosyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00275-00070108-00070361 transferase are simple biomolecular
zrTUus8wK0E-00276-00070362-00070608 substitutions that is a very very
zrTUus8wK0E-00277-00070609-00070896 unusual thing most pathways don't even
zrTUus8wK0E-00278-00070897-00071250 contain an sn2 so very very unusual so
zrTUus8wK0E-00279-00071251-00071439 let's do a quick recap of this cycle
zrTUus8wK0E-00280-00071440-00071751 this is remember again the Sam cycle or
zrTUus8wK0E-00281-00071752-00071924 also called the s adenosylmethionine
zrTUus8wK0E-00282-00071925-00072183 cycle and we start with s
zrTUus8wK0E-00283-00072184-00072471 adenosylmethionine and with S&N zeal
zrTUus8wK0E-00284-00072472-00072687 defining will transfer its methyl group
zrTUus8wK0E-00285-00072688-00072942 to various substrates and they're gonna
zrTUus8wK0E-00286-00072943-00073170 be enzymatic reactions we looked at
zrTUus8wK0E-00287-00073171-00073320 guanidine o acetate and methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00288-00073321-00073524 transferase but certainly the same we
zrTUus8wK0E-00289-00073525-00073677 were looking at the biosynthesis of
zrTUus8wK0E-00290-00073678-00073845 epinephrine we could have been looking
zrTUus8wK0E-00291-00073846-00074022 at phenol ethanol amine and methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00292-00074023-00074211 transferase or if we're looking at the
zrTUus8wK0E-00293-00074212-00074418 degradation of dopamine we could have
zrTUus8wK0E-00294-00074419-00074748 looked at catecholamine transfers so the
zrTUus8wK0E-00295-00074749-00074964 naming of methyl transferase sort of
zrTUus8wK0E-00296-00074965-00075345 gives away that it uses Sam ok that
zrTUus8wK0E-00297-00075346-00075576 gives us a leaving group of esidential
zrTUus8wK0E-00298-00075577-00075834 homocysteine then s-adenosyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00299-00075835-00076068 homocysteine hydrolase is gonna do an
zrTUus8wK0E-00300-00076069-00076439 sn2 and hydrolyze off homocysteine
zrTUus8wK0E-00301-00076440-00076890 regenerating adenosine okay and then the
zrTUus8wK0E-00302-00076891-00077088 homocysteine is gonna get consumed by
zrTUus8wK0E-00303-00077089-00077460 methionine synthase and so in 5-methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00304-00077461-00077688 tetrahydrofolate which is synthesized
zrTUus8wK0E-00305-00077689-00077925 from n 5 and 10 methylene
zrTUus8wK0E-00306-00077926-00078189 tetrahydrofolate by the action of n 5 n
zrTUus8wK0E-00307-00078190-00078420 10 methylene tetra hydro reductase is
zrTUus8wK0E-00308-00078421-00078669 going to transfer its methyl group first
zrTUus8wK0E-00309-00078670-00078945 to vitamin b12 generating what's known
zrTUus8wK0E-00310-00078946-00079236 as methyl cobalamin and then methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00311-00079237-00079404 cobalamin is going to transfer its
zrTUus8wK0E-00312-00079405-00079713 methyl group to homocysteine generating
zrTUus8wK0E-00313-00079714-00079838 methionine
zrTUus8wK0E-00314-00079839-00080199 then the methionine is gonna get an
zrTUus8wK0E-00315-00080200-00080469 adenosine group added to its sulfur by
zrTUus8wK0E-00316-00080470-00080688 the action of methionine adenosyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00317-00080689-00080991 transferase now notice that per cycle
zrTUus8wK0E-00318-00080992-00081402 this is going to consume 1 ATP right and
zrTUus8wK0E-00319-00081403-00081606 you're going to be constantly
zrTUus8wK0E-00320-00081607-00081912 doing methyl transferring right your DNA
zrTUus8wK0E-00321-00081913-00082107 every time you replicate your DNA
zrTUus8wK0E-00322-00082108-00082311 there's many many many methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00323-00082312-00082502 transferase reactions that occur
zrTUus8wK0E-00324-00082503-00082812 biosynthesis largely it requires methyl
zrTUus8wK0E-00325-00082813-00083079 transferring okay and as we already saw
zrTUus8wK0E-00326-00083080-00083319 the synthesis of creatine the synthesis
zrTUus8wK0E-00327-00083320-00083589 of epinephrine the degradation of all
zrTUus8wK0E-00328-00083590-00083775 catecholamines requires us and there's
zrTUus8wK0E-00329-00083776-00084021 countless other examples of enzymes that
zrTUus8wK0E-00330-00084022-00084291 use s-adenosylmethionine so this tells
zrTUus8wK0E-00331-00084292-00084591 you that it is so important that the
zrTUus8wK0E-00332-00084592-00084969 cell is willing to waste one ATP per
zrTUus8wK0E-00333-00084970-00085212 cycle of the Sam cycle that's how
zrTUus8wK0E-00334-00085213-00085359 important this is it's willing to waste
zrTUus8wK0E-00335-00085360-00085635 that much energy so it's an energy at it
zrTUus8wK0E-00336-00085636-00085827 it's an energetically expensive process
zrTUus8wK0E-00337-00085828-00086124 but absolutely vital to the cell so I
zrTUus8wK0E-00338-00086125-00086232 hope this gave you a little bit of
zrTUus8wK0E-00339-00086233-00086393 intuition on the s-adenosylmethionine
zrTUus8wK0E-00340-00086394-00086835 cycle see you in the next video
zue42wLywFY-00000-00000016-00001807 [Music]
zue42wLywFY-00001-00001809-00002615 [Music]
zue42wLywFY-00002-00002616-00002907 okay
zue42wLywFY-00004-00006096-00006340 uh
zue42wLywFY-00005-00006341-00008023 [Music]
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zue42wLywFY-00008-00012200-00012413 your liver
zue42wLywFY-00009-00012414-00012443 [Music]
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zue42wLywFY-00012-00013039-00013236 so
zue42wLywFY-00013-00013237-00013969 [Music]
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zue42wLywFY-00015-00014431-00014731 oh
zue42wLywFY-00016-00014732-00016030 [Music]
zue42wLywFY-00017-00016031-00017338 that's
zue42wLywFY-00018-00017339-00017767 [Music]
zue42wLywFY-00019-00017768-00018141 down
zue42wLywFY-00020-00018142-00019175 [Music]
zue42wLywFY-00021-00019176-00019614 [Music]
zue42wLywFY-00022-00019615-00019975 all done
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zue42wLywFY-00050-00039297-00040711 [Music]
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zue42wLywFY-00052-00040880-00041158 that's not like um
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zue42wLywFY-00054-00041498-00042446 [Music]
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zue42wLywFY-00061-00046917-00047662 [Music]
zxbXR0kW67u-00000-00000000-00000188 hello in this video I'm going to show
zxbXR0kW67u-00001-00000189-00000413 you how to do teleporting and posing in
zxbXR0kW67u-00002-00000413-00000674 humanoids control for this video I'm
zxbXR0kW67u-00003-00000675-00000850 going to use the standard humanoids
zxbXR0kW67u-00004-00000851-00001070 prefab which is available in the
zxbXR0kW67u-00005-00001071-00001490 humanoid packets prefabs humanoid and
zxbXR0kW67u-00006-00001491-00001714 this this guy will be teleporting around
zxbXR0kW67u-00007-00001716-00002072 I'm going to use the Hydra and I'm not
zxbXR0kW67u-00008-00002073-00002363 going to use the standard thumb stick
zxbXR0kW67u-00009-00002364-00002800 walking so to do teleporting around you
zxbXR0kW67u-00010-00002801-00003014 can use the standard teleporter which is
zxbXR0kW67u-00011-00003015-00003434 available on the hand targets which you
zxbXR0kW67u-00012-00003435-00003638 can edit we're using this button but
zxbXR0kW67u-00013-00003639-00003785 we're not going to use that in this
zxbXR0kW67u-00014-00003786-00003935 video because I'm going to do more
zxbXR0kW67u-00015-00003936-00004213 advanced teleporting techniques using
zxbXR0kW67u-00016-00004214-00004597 the teleport target so we add the
zxbXR0kW67u-00017-00004598-00004817 interaction pointer you see it here in
zxbXR0kW67u-00018-00004818-00005075 the scene to be able to point to the
zxbXR0kW67u-00019-00005076-00005347 places where I want to go for example
zxbXR0kW67u-00020-00005348-00005690 the avatar is standing on a plane and we
zxbXR0kW67u-00021-00005691-00006004 can add to this plane a teleport target
zxbXR0kW67u-00022-00006005-00006308 which enables us to to teleport to
zxbXR0kW67u-00023-00006309-00006578 places on this plane you can add a
zxbXR0kW67u-00024-00006579-00006817 teleport target to any object with a
zxbXR0kW67u-00025-00006818-00007001 Collider in this case it's a mesh
zxbXR0kW67u-00026-00007002-00007423 Collider so if I press play I should be
zxbXR0kW67u-00027-00007425-00007723 able to point around and walk around
zxbXR0kW67u-00028-00007723-00008273 using standard teleporting however you
zxbXR0kW67u-00029-00008274-00008462 can already see the car in the scene
zxbXR0kW67u-00030-00008463-00008744 when I'm pointing at the car in this
zxbXR0kW67u-00031-00008745-00009128 situation you see and you may be even
zxbXR0kW67u-00032-00009129-00009299 right here that it's not possible to
zxbXR0kW67u-00033-00009300-00009649 teleport to the car and as what expected
zxbXR0kW67u-00034-00009650-00009974 behavior because the the the car itself
zxbXR0kW67u-00035-00009975-00010334 has colliders and there is no
zxbXR0kW67u-00036-00010335-00010546 teleporting target defined on this
zxbXR0kW67u-00037-00010547-00010841 Collider so if we point to this Collider
zxbXR0kW67u-00038-00010842-00011056 you cannot teleport it so it prevents
zxbXR0kW67u-00039-00011057-00011333 you to stand to battle port on top of
zxbXR0kW67u-00040-00011334-00011581 objects you don't want to teleport you
zxbXR0kW67u-00041-00011582-00011930 but we want to do it we want to be able
zxbXR0kW67u-00042-00011931-00012260 to teleport into the car we actually
zxbXR0kW67u-00043-00012261-00012445 want to whereas it in the car when we
zxbXR0kW67u-00044-00012446-00012778 points to the car for driving around for
zxbXR0kW67u-00045-00012779-00013166 example so we can add a teleporting
zxbXR0kW67u-00046-00013166-00013353 target to the car too so
zxbXR0kW67u-00047-00013354-00013622 where we will be also be able to
zxbXR0kW67u-00048-00013623-00014033 teleport to the car however as we want
zxbXR0kW67u-00049-00014034-00014397 to sit in the car things we need to set
zxbXR0kW67u-00050-00014397-00014672 and a number of things first thing we
zxbXR0kW67u-00051-00014673-00014906 need to check is the collision check we
zxbXR0kW67u-00052-00014907-00015150 need to disable that because our avatar
zxbXR0kW67u-00053-00015151-00015491 has colliders and DeCarlo i've colitis
zxbXR0kW67u-00054-00015493-00015725 and the collision check will check if
zxbXR0kW67u-00055-00015726-00015992 there's a collider in the space we want
zxbXR0kW67u-00056-00015993-00016302 to teleport to if it is then teleporting
zxbXR0kW67u-00057-00016303-00016637 will be not be possible and as the color
zxbXR0kW67u-00058-00016638-00016958 we do want to teleport into the car we
zxbXR0kW67u-00059-00016959-00017234 need to disable the collision check the
zxbXR0kW67u-00060-00017235-00017453 second one we have need to check is a
zxbXR0kW67u-00061-00017454-00017783 target position and rotation normally in
zxbXR0kW67u-00062-00017784-00018005 the plane you want to teleport to the
zxbXR0kW67u-00063-00018006-00018284 place you are pointing to but in this
zxbXR0kW67u-00064-00018285-00018587 case I don't want to point to the place
zxbXR0kW67u-00065-00018588-00018878 where a teleport to I always want to end
zxbXR0kW67u-00066-00018879-00019109 up at the same place in the seat of the
zxbXR0kW67u-00067-00019110-00019350 car so instead of using the pointer
zxbXR0kW67u-00068-00019351-00019664 target I'm using the transform card the
zxbXR0kW67u-00069-00019665-00019821 target and you see that the target
zxbXR0kW67u-00070-00019822-00020180 transform will appear here so where we
zxbXR0kW67u-00071-00020181-00020450 want turn teleport to is into the seat
zxbXR0kW67u-00072-00020451-00020750 of the pair of the car so we just expand
zxbXR0kW67u-00073-00020751-00020969 it and you can see here this is the seat
zxbXR0kW67u-00074-00020970-00021192 of the car so we're going to use that as
zxbXR0kW67u-00075-00021193-00021528 the target of our teleporting so we go
zxbXR0kW67u-00076-00021529-00021839 back to Caterham and this is our
zxbXR0kW67u-00077-00021840-00022169 teleport target we drag the seat into
zxbXR0kW67u-00078-00022170-00022646 the target transform we also want to sit
zxbXR0kW67u-00079-00022647-00022986 in the car yeah so for that we need to
zxbXR0kW67u-00080-00022987-00023286 have an alternative pose
zxbXR0kW67u-00081-00023287-00023568 I'll show you in a minute but first we
zxbXR0kW67u-00082-00023569-00023880 have to enable or disable actually the
zxbXR0kW67u-00083-00023881-00024125 food animator because the food animator
zxbXR0kW67u-00084-00024126-00024480 will actually make a walking animation
zxbXR0kW67u-00085-00024481-00024771 with the feet and we don't want to walk
zxbXR0kW67u-00086-00024772-00025109 when we're sitting into car so we need
zxbXR0kW67u-00087-00025110-00025449 to disable the animator for that so now
zxbXR0kW67u-00088-00025450-00025656 for the most interesting part so how do
zxbXR0kW67u-00089-00025657-00025919 we get into the sitting sitting position
zxbXR0kW67u-00090-00025920-00026274 when we teleport into the car ok for
zxbXR0kW67u-00091-00026275-00026610 that we're going to use another humanoid
zxbXR0kW67u-00092-00026611-00026725 prefab
zxbXR0kW67u-00093-00026726-00027055 place it into the seat of the car we
zxbXR0kW67u-00094-00027056-00027316 make a pose with that humanoid and
zxbXR0kW67u-00095-00027317-00027637 copied that pose into the teleport argot
zxbXR0kW67u-00096-00027638-00028027 I'm going to show you so in this project
zxbXR0kW67u-00097-00028027-00028332 I'm really dragging another humanoid
zxbXR0kW67u-00098-00028333-00028636 prefab into the seat of the car and you
zxbXR0kW67u-00099-00028637-00028977 will see it here now so in the scene you
zxbXR0kW67u-00100-00028979-00029239 will now see a second humanoid and
zxbXR0kW67u-00101-00029239-00029518 actually when we don't use any posing
zxbXR0kW67u-00102-00029519-00029752 this will be the position you will be
zxbXR0kW67u-00103-00029752-00030166 ending up into the car but like we said
zxbXR0kW67u-00104-00030167-00030408 we want to use this in to put this
zxbXR0kW67u-00105-00030410-00030724 avatar in a sitting position so we
zxbXR0kW67u-00106-00030725-00031020 expand the humanoid and here we can see
zxbXR0kW67u-00107-00031022-00031314 the heads targets etc and we can use
zxbXR0kW67u-00108-00031316-00031576 that too to put the avatar in the
zxbXR0kW67u-00109-00031577-00031683 correct pose
zxbXR0kW67u-00110-00031685-00031948 so in this case I'm dragging down the
zxbXR0kW67u-00111-00031949-00032473 head until it's on a right position put
zxbXR0kW67u-00112-00032474-00032959 feet on a decent position which looks a
zxbXR0kW67u-00113-00032960-00033240 bit right and that may be a bit
zxbXR0kW67u-00114-00033241-00033619 backwards we can also put the hands in a
zxbXR0kW67u-00115-00033620-00033877 more sensible position but as we are
zxbXR0kW67u-00116-00033878-00034129 using hand tracking when we're in the
zxbXR0kW67u-00117-00034130-00034309 game the position of the hands is not
zxbXR0kW67u-00118-00034310-00034558 very important because they will be
zxbXR0kW67u-00119-00034559-00034765 overridden overridden by the hand
zxbXR0kW67u-00120-00034766-00035059 tracking in this case so this is
zxbXR0kW67u-00121-00035060-00035368 basically the position of the avatar we
zxbXR0kW67u-00122-00035369-00035596 want to use when we are sitting into the
zxbXR0kW67u-00123-00035597-00036022 car so now we have to create a pose from
zxbXR0kW67u-00124-00036023-00036559 this post humanoid you can already see
zxbXR0kW67u-00125-00036560-00036778 in the humanoid control it has a post
zxbXR0kW67u-00126-00036779-00037222 position and at this moment it's not set
zxbXR0kW67u-00127-00037223-00037471 to any value because we haven't got a
zxbXR0kW67u-00128-00037472-00037786 pulse yet so if we want to use posing we
zxbXR0kW67u-00129-00037787-00038308 need a new to add a new pose to the
zxbXR0kW67u-00130-00038309-00038542 project so we go to the assets in this
zxbXR0kW67u-00131-00038543-00039007 case and we creates humanoid both and
zxbXR0kW67u-00132-00039008-00039337 here you see the new humanoid post which
zxbXR0kW67u-00133-00039338-00039502 we will be calling
zxbXR0kW67u-00134-00039503-00039931 setting so now we can drag the sitting
zxbXR0kW67u-00135-00039932-00040029 pose
zxbXR0kW67u-00136-00040030-00040545 into our both field of the sitting
zxbXR0kW67u-00137-00040546-00041139 humanoid you cannot see that the sitting
zxbXR0kW67u-00138-00041140-00041439 pose is empty it has no bones defining
zxbXR0kW67u-00139-00041440-00041739 the position but when we go back to the
zxbXR0kW67u-00140-00041740-00042090 sitting you've annoyed and we press this
zxbXR0kW67u-00141-00042091-00042377 button we enter the editing mode and
zxbXR0kW67u-00142-00042378-00042677 actually now all the positions of the
zxbXR0kW67u-00143-00042678-00042987 the targets of the of the avatar and now
zxbXR0kW67u-00144-00042988-00043326 record it into the sitting pose so the
zxbXR0kW67u-00145-00043327-00043505 avatar is already in the right path so
zxbXR0kW67u-00146-00043506-00043755 we can disabled it immediately because
zxbXR0kW67u-00147-00043756-00043955 all the positions are now into the
zxbXR0kW67u-00148-00043956-00044258 sitting pose so if we go back to the
zxbXR0kW67u-00149-00044259-00044451 sitting pose you can now see that there
zxbXR0kW67u-00150-00044452-00044693 are positions and rotations for the head
zxbXR0kW67u-00151-00044694-00045060 the hands and the feet we can use now
zxbXR0kW67u-00152-00045061-00045174 this pose
zxbXR0kW67u-00153-00045175-00045662 to set the position the pose of the
zxbXR0kW67u-00154-00045663-00045942 teleport target so we drag the sitting
zxbXR0kW67u-00155-00045943-00046308 pose into the telephone target and now
zxbXR0kW67u-00156-00046309-00046539 when we teleport into the car it should
zxbXR0kW67u-00157-00046540-00046824 have that it should move the humanoid
zxbXR0kW67u-00158-00046825-00047240 into sitting pose so with all of our
zxbXR0kW67u-00159-00047241-00047543 youth needs this avatar into the car I
zxbXR0kW67u-00160-00047544-00047793 will leave it there because I might be
zxbXR0kW67u-00161-00047794-00048060 able I want to adjust the pulse later on
zxbXR0kW67u-00162-00048061-00048630 so I'd just disable it so now if we run
zxbXR0kW67u-00163-00048631-00049104 the scene it should still be possible to
zxbXR0kW67u-00164-00049105-00049389 teleport around but when I point into
zxbXR0kW67u-00165-00049390-00049570 the car oops
zxbXR0kW67u-00166-00049571-00049983 we probably end up into the car so what
zxbXR0kW67u-00167-00049984-00050258 happens here is actually that the Kula a
zxbXR0kW67u-00168-00050259-00050546 Collider of the humanoid was interacting
zxbXR0kW67u-00169-00050547-00050805 directly with the car so dead humanoid
zxbXR0kW67u-00170-00050806-00051002 was in the car in the collider of the
zxbXR0kW67u-00171-00051003-00051276 car and there is a collision going on
zxbXR0kW67u-00172-00051277-00051581 for that well the easiest way to prevent
zxbXR0kW67u-00173-00051582-00051791 that is just to disable the physics of
zxbXR0kW67u-00174-00051792-00052004 the humanoid so it doesn't collide with
zxbXR0kW67u-00175-00052005-00052466 anything and if you want to have more
zxbXR0kW67u-00176-00052467-00052947 elaborate collision control you can go
zxbXR0kW67u-00177-00052948-00053196 to the project settings and use the
zxbXR0kW67u-00178-00053197-00053357 physics
zxbXR0kW67u-00179-00053358-00053591 collision matrix and then you can
zxbXR0kW67u-00180-00053591-00053987 actually assign high parity this
zxbXR0kW67u-00181-00053988-00054452 previously assigned the humanoid to the
zxbXR0kW67u-00182-00054453-00055019 player layer layer layer layer layer and
zxbXR0kW67u-00183-00055020-00055322 the car to the car layer it's already
zxbXR0kW67u-00184-00055323-00055844 set so now if we go to the project
zxbXR0kW67u-00185-00055845-00056327 settings physics and we disable it's not
zxbXR0kW67u-00186-00056328-00056525 completely feasible disable the
zxbXR0kW67u-00187-00056526-00056786 collision between the player and the car
zxbXR0kW67u-00188-00056787-00057035 then they won't collide anymore with
zxbXR0kW67u-00189-00057036-00057500 each other so now if we press press play
zxbXR0kW67u-00190-00057501-00058169 oh yeah yeah this just one tiny thing I
zxbXR0kW67u-00191-00058170-00058376 hope I can solve it in the future that
zxbXR0kW67u-00192-00058377-00058700 for now you see that the the player is
zxbXR0kW67u-00193-00058701-00058937 dropping it down a bit that's because
zxbXR0kW67u-00194-00058938-00059177 it's actually dropping onto the ground
zxbXR0kW67u-00195-00059178-00059573 onto the plain ground because this car
zxbXR0kW67u-00196-00059574-00059897 doesn't have a Collider for the floor
zxbXR0kW67u-00197-00059898-00060107 doesn't have to Collider for the seat so
zxbXR0kW67u-00198-00060108-00060632 I should have edited but yeah so as a
zxbXR0kW67u-00199-00060633-00060875 quick solution for this is to disable
zxbXR0kW67u-00200-00060876-00061109 the gravity it will just hang into the
zxbXR0kW67u-00201-00061110-00061514 air right there then so now again point
zxbXR0kW67u-00202-00061515-00061763 to the car and I'm sitting into the car
zxbXR0kW67u-00203-00061764-00062270 I'm just having my second Collider and
zxbXR0kW67u-00204-00062271-00062821 now I can drive into the car like that
zxbXR0kW67u-00205-00062822-00063105 so now you've seen you can use
zxbXR0kW67u-00206-00063107-00063485 teleporting and posing to get into cars
zxbXR0kW67u-00207-00063486-00063776 or onto horses or something like that or
zxbXR0kW67u-00208-00063777-00064136 in any situation you want in a flexible
zxbXR0kW67u-00209-00064137-00064412 way you can define define exactly where
zxbXR0kW67u-00210-00064413-00064633 you want to be able to teleport to and
zxbXR0kW67u-00211-00064634-00064949 what would happen when you teleport to
zxbXR0kW67u-00212-00064950-00065351 it like getting into a specific pose I
zxbXR0kW67u-00213-00065352-00065669 hope it was helpful showing this video
zxbXR0kW67u-00214-00065670-00065885 to you if you have added any more
zxbXR0kW67u-00215-00065886-00066092 questions on this you can always contact
zxbXR0kW67u-00216-00066093-00066455 me on the support basis
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00000-00000051-00000356 the Max Planck Institute for the history
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00001-00000357-00000632 of science in Berlin was established in
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00002-00000633-00001057 March 1994 its research is primarily
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00003-00001058-00001306 devoted to a theoretically oriented
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00004-00001307-00001570 history of science principally of the
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00005-00001571-00001827 Natural Sciences but with methodological
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00006-00001828-00002047 perspectives drawn from the cognitive
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00007-00002048-00002420 sciences and from cultural history all
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00008-00002421-00002677 three departments of the Institute aim
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00009-00002678-00002898 at the construction of the historical
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00010-00002899-00003208 epistemology of the sciences historical
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00011-00003209-00003470 epistemology deals with the historical
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00012-00003471-00003647 development of knowledge and the
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00013-00003647-00003893 technical social intellectual and
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00014-00003894-00004127 cultural processes surrounding the
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00015-00004128-00004413 acquisition of knowledge in context
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00016-00004414-00004711 building upon detailed studies from the
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00017-00004712-00004931 history of particular Sciences
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00018-00004932-00005231 historical epistemology investigates the
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00019-00005232-00005495 emergence and evolution of key concepts
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00020-00005496-00005806 such as number force motion gene
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00021-00005807-00006125 organism and field as well as central
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00022-00006126-00006325 categories and practices like
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00023-00006326-00006629 representation probability causality
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00024-00006630-00006934 experiment deduction determinism and
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00025-00006936-00007316 objectivity the combination of highly
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00026-00007317-00007562 specific historical inquiries within
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00027-00007563-00007798 this more global framework of inquiry
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00028-00007800-00008075 permits comparisons and generalizations
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00029-00008076-00008389 spanning numerous disciplines
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00030-00008390-00008635 the institute has affiliated with the
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00031-00008636-00008914 Max Planck Society and is located in the
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00032-00008915-00009635 Berlin neighborhood of dalam
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00033-00009636-00009993 topic notes
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00034-00009994-00010188 you
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00035-00010189-00010530 you
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00036-00010531-00011141 topic external links
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00037-00011142-00011486 official website in German
zyN4F-SlAcQ-00038-00011487-00011915 official website in English
zzjnuD7Mosk-00000-00000017-00000210 foreign
zzjnuD7Mosk-00001-00000211-00001798 [Music]
zzjnuD7Mosk-00002-00001800-00002045 I need your help
zzjnuD7Mosk-00003-00002046-00002218 ciphers holding me on a U.S military
zzjnuD7Mosk-00004-00002219-00002417 base in Cuba
zzjnuD7Mosk-00005-00002418-00002675 the bus is here too
zzjnuD7Mosk-00006-00002676-00003089 we're at the prison area on the coast
zzjnuD7Mosk-00007-00003090-00003263 there are some cages to the east of a
zzjnuD7Mosk-00008-00003264-00003395 big building
zzjnuD7Mosk-00009-00003396-00003593 is an old
zzjnuD7Mosk-00010-00003594-00003845 grassy facility
zzjnuD7Mosk-00011-00003846-00004193 that's where we are
zzjnuD7Mosk-00012-00004194-00005315 help me snake
zzjnuD7Mosk-00013-00005316-00005741 don't don't do it kids are natural don't
zzjnuD7Mosk-00014-00005742-00006202 you think
zzjnuD7Mosk-00015-00006203-00006478 what do you think big boss will do
zzjnuD7Mosk-00016-00006479-00006701 you'll know it's a trap but he'll come
zzjnuD7Mosk-00017-00006702-00006839 anyway
zzjnuD7Mosk-00018-00006840-00007414 that's the kind of man he is
zzjnuD7Mosk-00019-00007415-00007606 don't
zzjnuD7Mosk-00020-00007608-00007787 thanks to your report a nuclear
zzjnuD7Mosk-00021-00007788-00007948 inspection teams being sent to their
zzjnuD7Mosk-00022-00007950-00008513 base
zzjnuD7Mosk-00023-00008514-00008837 the scientist was our way in
zzjnuD7Mosk-00024-00008838-00009389 it all ends soon exactly as I've planned
zzjnuD7Mosk-00025-00009390-00009756 all thanks to you
zzjnuD7Mosk-00026-00009757-00009935 Cipher
zzjnuD7Mosk-00027-00009936-00010295 who would never yes Cypher will surely
zzjnuD7Mosk-00028-00010296-00010487 mourn his death
zzjnuD7Mosk-00029-00010488-00010667 I'll have no choice but to distance
zzjnuD7Mosk-00030-00010668-00011056 myself from the group
zzjnuD7Mosk-00031-00011057-00011464 and then they'll eliminate you
zzjnuD7Mosk-00032-00011465-00011783 no one will be left
zzjnuD7Mosk-00033-00011784-00012035 think about that
zzjnuD7Mosk-00034-00012036-00012413 big boss or Cipher
zzjnuD7Mosk-00035-00012414-00012664 you can only say one
zzjnuD7Mosk-00036-00012665-00012796 ah
zzjnuD7Mosk-00037-00012797-00013108 a
zzjnuD7Mosk-00038-00013109-00014080 [Music]
zzjnuD7Mosk-00039-00014081-00014477 I will never talk I don't expect you to
zzjnuD7Mosk-00040-00014478-00014771 believe me
zzjnuD7Mosk-00041-00014772-00015022 the question is which of the two would
zzjnuD7Mosk-00042-00015023-00015238 you like to give a shot at survival what
zzjnuD7Mosk-00043-00015240-00015466 I would like
zzjnuD7Mosk-00044-00015468-00015761 to kill you
zzjnuD7Mosk-00045-00015762-00015988 the feeling is mutual
zzjnuD7Mosk-00046-00015990-00016127 but
zzjnuD7Mosk-00047-00016128-00016469 we are secret agents restraint is a
zzjnuD7Mosk-00048-00016470-00017339 virtue
zzjnuD7Mosk-00049-00017340-00017741 your favorite song
zzjnuD7Mosk-00050-00017742-00018335 Nicola Bart immigrants wrongly executed
zzjnuD7Mosk-00051-00018336-00018575 but their death served as a message to
zzjnuD7Mosk-00052-00018576-00018899 others
zzjnuD7Mosk-00053-00018900-00019150 but ours is a society that murders the
zzjnuD7Mosk-00054-00019151-00019541 innocent
zzjnuD7Mosk-00055-00019542-00019841 do you too believe your sacrifice will
zzjnuD7Mosk-00056-00019842-00020044 change the world
zzjnuD7Mosk-00057-00020045-00020549 if so the time is now
zzjnuD7Mosk-00058-00020550-00020735 Cypher has been in hiding ever since his
zzjnuD7Mosk-00059-00020736-00020914 Grand experiment
zzjnuD7Mosk-00060-00020915-00021155 no one's seen him in years
zzjnuD7Mosk-00061-00021156-00021341 all we hear are orders delivered by
zzjnuD7Mosk-00062-00021342-00021491 proxy
zzjnuD7Mosk-00063-00021492-00021844 except you
zzjnuD7Mosk-00064-00021845-00022205 you met with him face to face in order
zzjnuD7Mosk-00065-00022206-00022699 to contact Big Boss
zzjnuD7Mosk-00066-00022700-00023071 tell me where he is
zzjnuD7Mosk-00067-00023072-00023364 where is cipher
zzjnuD7Mosk-00068-00023365-00023819 where is zero
zzjnuD7Mosk-00069-00023820-00024113 I've never known choice
zzjnuD7Mosk-00070-00024114-00024461 where I was born the language I speak
zzjnuD7Mosk-00071-00024462-00024641 I've never had the freedom to choose for
zzjnuD7Mosk-00072-00024642-00024869 myself
zzjnuD7Mosk-00073-00024870-00025121 but you right now
zzjnuD7Mosk-00074-00025122-00025336 are free
zzjnuD7Mosk-00075-00025337-00025643 do as you will
zzjnuD7Mosk-00076-00025644-00025877 this will save
zzjnuD7Mosk-00077-00025877-00026044 Big Boss
zzjnuD7Mosk-00078-00026045-00026243 me
zzjnuD7Mosk-00079-00026244-00026602 will you really kill
zzjnuD7Mosk-00080-00026604-00026818 zero five
zzjnuD7Mosk-00081-00026819-00027882 not for you
zzjnuD7Mosk-00082-00027883-00028813 [Applause]
zzjnuD7Mosk-00083-00028814-00028987 [Music]
zzjnuD7Mosk-00084-00028988-00029308 give me the shot already
zzjnuD7Mosk-00085-00029310-00029705 hold her still
zzjnuD7Mosk-00086-00029706-00030658 [Music]
zzjnuD7Mosk-00087-00030660-00031708 prep the package
zzjnuD7Mosk-00088-00031710-00031901 she's all closed up
zzjnuD7Mosk-00089-00031902-00032146 timer set for your instructions
zzjnuD7Mosk-00090-00032147-00032381 we can't have her waking up or dying on
zzjnuD7Mosk-00091-00032382-00032518 us
zzjnuD7Mosk-00092-00032519-00032717 that gave her a transfusion a nutrient
zzjnuD7Mosk-00093-00032718-00032933 cocktail and an anesthetic
zzjnuD7Mosk-00094-00032934-00033112 how long does she have
zzjnuD7Mosk-00095-00033113-00033377 24 hours same as her cargo she won't
zzjnuD7Mosk-00096-00033378-00033545 last much longer than that
zzjnuD7Mosk-00097-00033546-00033743 to make room for the bomb I removed
zzjnuD7Mosk-00098-00033744-00034145 organs she won't need
zzjnuD7Mosk-00099-00034146-00034612 almost there now for the second one
zzjnuD7Mosk-00100-00034613-00036287 in a place they'd never look
zzjnuD7Mosk-00101-00036288-00037877 hanger up
zzjnuD7Mosk-00102-00037878-00038243 you shall not see Triumph
zzjnuD7Mosk-00103-00038244-00038489 you've been most helpful
zzjnuD7Mosk-00104-00038490-00038885 and I have one last use for you
zzjnuD7Mosk-00105-00038886-00039239 to you I give a magnificent end
zzjnuD7Mosk-00106-00039240-00039617 but an end nonetheless
zzjnuD7Mosk-00107-00039618-00039839 the final moment
zzjnuD7Mosk-00108-00039840-00040733 is yours
zzjnuD7Mosk-00109-00040734-00040865 we heard from the advanced team
zzjnuD7Mosk-00110-00040866-00041123 everything's right on schedule
zzjnuD7Mosk-00111-00041124-00041339 four has been planted on the legs Strike
zzjnuD7Mosk-00112-00041340-00041609 Team and decoy team are in position
zzjnuD7Mosk-00113-00041610-00041801 in confirmation that big boss's Choppers
zzjnuD7Mosk-00114-00041802-00042245 lifted off
zzjnuD7Mosk-00115-00042246-00042473 a shame I won't see him
zzjnuD7Mosk-00116-00042474-00042790 but at least I'll get a look at his body
zzjnuD7Mosk-00117-00042791-00043043 time for us to move out too
zzjnuD7Mosk-00118-00043044-00043277 but first let's stop by and see the
zzjnuD7Mosk-00119-00043278-00043451 board
zzjnuD7Mosk-00120-00043452-00043961 I want big boss to hear his little diary
zzjnuD7Mosk-00121-00043962-00044752 hopefully he's still a good listener
zzjnuD7Mosk-00122-00044753-00044987 give this to the boy as a reward
zzjnuD7Mosk-00123-00044988-00045274 and a memento
zzjnuD7Mosk-00124-00045275-00045449 make copies
zzjnuD7Mosk-00125-00045450-00046246 yes sir
zzjnuD7Mosk-00126-00046247-00046457 first Big Boss
zzjnuD7Mosk-00127-00046458-00046829 then zero
zzjnuD7Mosk-00128-00046830-00047267 Liberation is at hand
zzjnuD7Mosk-00129-00047268-00049546 [Music]
zzjnuD7Mosk-00130-00049547-00051263 foreign
zzjnuD7Mosk-00131-00051264-00051490 Chico
zzjnuD7Mosk-00132-00051491-00051790 I am borrowing your recorder
zzjnuD7Mosk-00133-00051791-00052102 hope you do not mind
zzjnuD7Mosk-00134-00052103-00052408 I know it hurts right now
zzjnuD7Mosk-00135-00052409-00052792 but it will all be over soon
zzjnuD7Mosk-00136-00052794-00053075 just thinking that helps keep the pain
zzjnuD7Mosk-00137-00053076-00053704 away
zzjnuD7Mosk-00138-00053705-00053975 thing to get you out of here
zzjnuD7Mosk-00139-00053976-00054215 it is funny
zzjnuD7Mosk-00140-00054216-00054550 I have never helped anyone else before
zzjnuD7Mosk-00141-00054551-00054815 only siphon
zzjnuD7Mosk-00142-00054816-00055115 that is the truth
zzjnuD7Mosk-00143-00055116-00055247 I
zzjnuD7Mosk-00144-00055248-00055649 I never imagined you would come for me
zzjnuD7Mosk-00145-00055650-00055763 bye
zzjnuD7Mosk-00146-00055764-00056387 was not very nice at first you know
zzjnuD7Mosk-00147-00056388-00056609 but I did not mean it
zzjnuD7Mosk-00148-00056610-00056788 I
zzjnuD7Mosk-00149-00056789-00057011 I was afraid they would try to use you
zzjnuD7Mosk-00150-00057012-00057430 somehow
zzjnuD7Mosk-00151-00057432-00057682 but to be honest
zzjnuD7Mosk-00152-00057683-00057941 having you with me here put my mind at
zzjnuD7Mosk-00153-00057941-00058163 ease
zzjnuD7Mosk-00154-00058164-00058487 I hope that does not sound selfish
zzjnuD7Mosk-00155-00058488-00058841 I thought I would never make it
zzjnuD7Mosk-00156-00058841-00059015 together
zzjnuD7Mosk-00157-00059016-00059711 I think we can
zzjnuD7Mosk-00158-00059712-00060142 I'm watching you sleep as I record this
zzjnuD7Mosk-00159-00060144-00060509 you have made me believe
zzjnuD7Mosk-00160-00060510-00060947 that I will make it out of here
zzjnuD7Mosk-00161-00060948-00061138 and that
zzjnuD7Mosk-00162-00061139-00061511 no matter what happens
zzjnuD7Mosk-00163-00061512-00062159 it will not be the end for me
zzjnuD7Mosk-00164-00062160-00063192 thank you
zzjnuD7Mosk-00165-00063194-00063415 he's so tired
zzjnuD7Mosk-00166-00063416-00063460 [Applause]
zzjnuD7Mosk-00167-00063461-00063682 [Music]
zzjnuD7Mosk-00168-00063683-00065529 [Applause]
z_J-sEsZuRg-00000-00000003-00000181 or English grammar there's a lot to
z_J-sEsZuRg-00001-00000182-00000497 learn such as also for vocab so make
z_J-sEsZuRg-00002-00000498-00000719 priorities basic things could be things
z_J-sEsZuRg-00003-00000720-00001028 like the parts of speech at all basic
z_J-sEsZuRg-00004-00001029-00001403 tenses conditionals etc try to just keep
z_J-sEsZuRg-00005-00001404-00001646 it at the most basic however do still
z_J-sEsZuRg-00006-00001647-00001843 try to learn it and then increase the
z_J-sEsZuRg-00007-00001844-00002059 complexity as you go along and realize
z_J-sEsZuRg-00008-00002060-00002198 that some things you won't really need
z_J-sEsZuRg-00009-00002199-00002434 to learn so well such as for example how
z_J-sEsZuRg-00010-00002435-00002633 to use the future perfect continuous
z_J-sEsZuRg-00011-00002634-00002840 tense and so on so it's all about
z_J-sEsZuRg-00012-00002841-00003158 priorities and little by little however
z_J-sEsZuRg-00013-00003159-00003434 don't ignore it
zFOS-VHJjjY-00000-00000032-00000286 welcome to the food export world we are
zFOS-VHJjjY-00001-00000287-00000455 the global international company in
zFOS-VHJjjY-00002-00000456-00000663 agricultural commodities with offices
zFOS-VHJjjY-00003-00000664-00000854 and production facilities in ukraine
zFOS-VHJjjY-00004-00000855-00001062 emirates and china we focus our
zFOS-VHJjjY-00005-00001063-00001358 manufacturing capacities on processing
zFOS-VHJjjY-00006-00001359-00001527 packing and transportation of such
zFOS-VHJjjY-00007-00001528-00001671 products as meat
zFOS-VHJjjY-00008-00001672-00001975 apples eggs
zFOS-VHJjjY-00009-00001976-00002334 honey sunflower oil nuts
zFOS-VHJjjY-00010-00002335-00002671 and flour meat export is part of food
zFOS-VHJjjY-00011-00002672-00002799 export international group
zFOS-VHJjjY-00012-00002800-00003039 and is a major producer of beef pork
zFOS-VHJjjY-00013-00003040-00003183 chicken and offals
zFOS-VHJjjY-00014-00003184-00003383 each production stage undergoes quality
zFOS-VHJjjY-00015-00003384-00003559 assurance so we guarantee that our
zFOS-VHJjjY-00016-00003560-00003711 products comply with international
zFOS-VHJjjY-00017-00003711-00003799 standards
zFOS-VHJjjY-00018-00003800-00004022 ideal logistic processes enable us to
zFOS-VHJjjY-00019-00004023-00004486 support a highly efficient supply chain
zFOS-VHJjjY-00020-00004487-00004670 we deliver our products to over 30
zFOS-VHJjjY-00021-00004671-00005082 countries all over the world
zFOS-VHJjjY-00022-00005083-00005215 [Music]
zFOS-VHJjjY-00023-00005216-00005415 numerous awards and positive customer
zFOS-VHJjjY-00024-00005416-00005583 reviews immediately attest to the
zFOS-VHJjjY-00025-00005584-00005702 quality of our work
zFOS-VHJjjY-00026-00005703-00005895 don't miss your chance to become a part
zFOS-VHJjjY-00027-00005896-00006070 of our food export world
zFOS-VHJjjY-00028-00006071-00006286 to learn more link to the sites you see
zFOS-VHJjjY-00029-00006287-00006736 on the screen
zG7cumvdp4y-00000-00000263-00000390 book one
zG7cumvdp4y-00001-00000391-00000599 lesson five
zG7cumvdp4y-00002-00000600-00000695 listen
zG7cumvdp4y-00003-00000696-00001119 and play in pairs
zG7cumvdp4y-00004-00001120-00001287 hey
zG7cumvdp4y-00005-00001288-00001391 crookey
zG7cumvdp4y-00006-00001392-00001726 crookey stop it come here
zG7cumvdp4y-00007-00001727-00001814 hi
zG7cumvdp4y-00008-00001816-00002047 i'm max hi max
zG7cumvdp4y-00009-00002048-00002199 i'm bruce
zG7cumvdp4y-00010-00002200-00002479 hello bruce this is crooky
zG7cumvdp4y-00011-00002480-00002631 oh crookey
zG7cumvdp4y-00012-00002632-00002839 good dog
zG7cumvdp4y-00013-00002840-00002926 uh
zG7cumvdp4y-00014-00002927-00003071 where are you from
zG7cumvdp4y-00015-00003072-00003375 i'm from boston i'm american
zG7cumvdp4y-00016-00003376-00003743 really i'm irish from dublin
zG7cumvdp4y-00017-00003744-00003983 uh i'm 11.
zG7cumvdp4y-00018-00003984-00004367 how old are you i'm 12.
zG7cumvdp4y-00019-00004368-00004631 and have you
zG7cumvdp4y-00020-00004632-00004735 rocky
zG7cumvdp4y-00021-00004736-00004902 oh no
zG7cumvdp4y-00022-00004903-00005323 i'm sorry oh
zJeO53jk8Oc-00000-00000276-00000642 foreign
zJeO53jk8Oc-00002-00005832-00007577 foreign
zJeO53jk8Oc-00004-00010602-00010767 foreign
zJeO53jk8Oc-00005-00010768-00011756 [Music]
zL6fRR7hemE-00000-00000000-00000351 hoam byung choli won to february 1910
zL6fRR7hemE-00001-00000352-00000655 19 november 1987 was a south korean
zL6fRR7hemE-00002-00000656-00000847 businessman one two he was the founder
zL6fRR7hemE-00003-00000848-00001023 of the samsung group which is south
zL6fRR7hemE-00004-00001024-00001239 korea's largest business group three and
zL6fRR7hemE-00005-00001240-00001439 one of south korea's most successful
zL6fRR7hemE-00006-00001440-00001558 businessman
zL6fRR7hemE-00007-00001559-00001695 he was a pioneer of modern
zL6fRR7hemE-00008-00001696-00001887 entrepreneurship and was a beacon of
zL6fRR7hemE-00009-00001888-00002087 national economic development for south
zL6fRR7hemE-00010-00002088-00002448 korea for promotional source
zOjTb3wy7HY-00001-00005344-00006868 [Music]
zOjTb3wy7HY-00002-00006869-00007669 [Music]
zOjTb3wy7HY-00004-00011590-00013204 [Music]
zOjTb3wy7HY-00008-00052367-00052671 [Music]
zOk01CnkmXu-00000-00000000-00000299 hello Smith was never seen again and the
zOk01CnkmXu-00001-00000300-00000532 Mystery of how he went overboard has
zOk01CnkmXu-00002-00000533-00000755 never been solved attorney Mike Jones
zOk01CnkmXu-00003-00000756-00000989 represents his family unfortunately
zOk01CnkmXu-00004-00000990-00001277 there's a possibility that we may never
zOk01CnkmXu-00005-00001278-00001474 find out now what happened to George
zOk01CnkmXu-00006-00001475-00001714 Smith was just married at the time and
zOk01CnkmXu-00007-00001716-00001859 he and his new wife were on their
zOk01CnkmXu-00008-00001860-00002051 honeymoon cruise but that night the
zOk01CnkmXu-00009-00002052-00002284 young couple got into a fight
zOk01CnkmXu-00010-00002285-00002615 July 2005 26 year old George Smith went
zOk01CnkmXu-00011-00002616-00002776 tumbling off a cruise ship balcony into
zOk01CnkmXu-00012-00002777-00002975 the water below the mystery of how you
zOk01CnkmXu-00013-00002976-00003142 went overboard has never been solved
zOk01CnkmXu-00014-00003143-00003317 unfortunately there is a possibility
zOk01CnkmXu-00015-00003318-00003533 that we may never find out what happened
zOk01CnkmXu-00016-00003534-00003725 to George attorney Mike Jones who
zOk01CnkmXu-00017-00003726-00003886 represents the family Smith had just
zOk01CnkmXu-00018-00003888-00004169 been remarried to Jennifer Smith and he
zOk01CnkmXu-00019-00004170-00004417 had and he was just on his honeymoon
zOk01CnkmXu-00020-00004418-00004697 after the argument between the two of
zOk01CnkmXu-00021-00004698-00004895 them settled down and while George is
zOk01CnkmXu-00022-00004896-00005093 sitting alone in the suite he decided to
zOk01CnkmXu-00023-00005094-00005261 get go get some drinks with his few
zOk01CnkmXu-00024-00005262-00005470 friends he met on the ship one of his
zOk01CnkmXu-00025-00005471-00005717 friends was Gregory Rosenberg he was one
zOk01CnkmXu-00026-00005718-00005951 of the friends that was sitting partying
zOk01CnkmXu-00027-00005952-00006065 with George and night of The
zOk01CnkmXu-00028-00006066-00006268 Disappearance hours later some of the
zOk01CnkmXu-00029-00006269-00006532 guys walked George who seemed to be
zOk01CnkmXu-00030-00006533-00006755 intoxicated back up to his room but
zOk01CnkmXu-00031-00006756-00006946 evidence suggested that there was a
zOk01CnkmXu-00032-00006947-00007096 robbery gone wrong but that night the
zOk01CnkmXu-00033-00007097-00007283 young couple got into a fight and after
zOk01CnkmXu-00034-00007284-00007534 she stormed off Smith kept partying with
zOk01CnkmXu-00035-00007536-00007709 a group of guys he had met on the ship
zOk01CnkmXu-00036-00007709-00007937 hours later they say they walked Smith
zOk01CnkmXu-00037-00007938-00008134 back to his room they claimed they just
zOk01CnkmXu-00038-00008136-00008339 left the room but the evidence
zOk01CnkmXu-00039-00008340-00008542 uh revealed afterward that we believe
zOk01CnkmXu-00040-00008543-00008764 that uh that George was actually that it
zOk01CnkmXu-00041-00008765-00008933 was basically an attempted robbery gone
zOk01CnkmXu-00042-00008934-00009196 wrong it was December 23rd just before 9
zOk01CnkmXu-00043-00009197-00009478 pm detectives say Gregory Rosenberg was
zOk01CnkmXu-00044-00009479-00009706 sitting in his car in his driveway when
zOk01CnkmXu-00045-00009707-00009899 he was ambushed he was shot multiple
zOk01CnkmXu-00046-00009900-00010235 times and the suspect fled the area we
zOk01CnkmXu-00047-00010236-00010714 believe in a white uh SUV BMW X3 X5
zOk01CnkmXu-00048-00010715-00010985 series possibly driven by someone else
zOk01CnkmXu-00049-00010986-00011201 and they fled the neighborhood Rosenberg
zOk01CnkmXu-00050-00011202-00011446 didn't stand a chance he died right
zOk01CnkmXu-00051-00011447-00011692 there in front of his own home this was
zOk01CnkmXu-00052-00011693-00011903 no robbery gone wrong either police
zOk01CnkmXu-00053-00011904-00012142 believe Rosenberg was killed in a hit
zOk01CnkmXu-00054-00012143-00012388 now nearly nine months later the murder
zOk01CnkmXu-00055-00012389-00012628 is still unsolved and detectives are
zOk01CnkmXu-00056-00012629-00012844 releasing this surveillance video of
zOk01CnkmXu-00057-00012845-00013024 that car they say was definitely
zOk01CnkmXu-00058-00013025-00013271 involved that night up later today on
zOk01CnkmXu-00059-00013272-00013565 local 10. I will explain why a family in
zOk01CnkmXu-00060-00013566-00013757 Connecticut is worried that now that
zOk01CnkmXu-00061-00013758-00013997 Gregory Rosenberg has been murdered they
zOk01CnkmXu-00062-00013997-00014165 will never know what happened to their
zOk01CnkmXu-00063-00014166-00014369 loved one who has been gone
zOk01CnkmXu-00064-00014369-00014638 for 15 years
zOk01CnkmXu-00065-00014640-00014836 since the only lead is now considered
zOk01CnkmXu-00066-00014837-00015005 dead and the last person I saw Georgia
zOk01CnkmXu-00067-00015006-00015257 live has his own unsolved murder we may
zOk01CnkmXu-00068-00015258-00015377 never know what happened during the
zOk01CnkmXu-00069-00015378-00015593 Unfaithful day and if some sort of
zOk01CnkmXu-00070-00015594-00015772 strange luck drawers actually survived
zOk01CnkmXu-00071-00015773-00015935 the tumbling overboard he would have
zOk01CnkmXu-00072-00015936-00017152 been 44 years old
zOk01CnkmXu-00073-00017153-00017603 [Music]
zOk01CnkmXu-00074-00017604-00017986 be a wonderful night for Elvis yes I
zOk01CnkmXu-00075-00017987-00018191 hope so and if you've gotten to know
zOk01CnkmXu-00076-00018192-00018425 Austin Butler a little bit yeah I'm
zOk01CnkmXu-00077-00018426-00018617 gonna grab your arm yes
zOk01CnkmXu-00078-00018618-00018977 um a lot a lot actually I adore him
zOk01CnkmXu-00079-00018978-00019117 foreign
zOk01CnkmXu-00080-00019118-00019583 [Music]
zOk01CnkmXu-00081-00019584-00019835 Lisa Marie Presley is the daughter of
zOk01CnkmXu-00082-00019836-00020080 famous magician Evers Presley she
zOk01CnkmXu-00083-00020081-00020429 attended the 2023 Golden Globe award
zOk01CnkmXu-00084-00020430-00020639 ceremony which is a ceremony that was
zOk01CnkmXu-00085-00020640-00020921 created in January 1944 to which the
zOk01CnkmXu-00086-00020922-00021130 event celebrates the top best TV shows
zOk01CnkmXu-00087-00021131-00021364 and musics of the year
zOk01CnkmXu-00088-00021365-00021611 this is the last known picture of Lisa
zOk01CnkmXu-00089-00021612-00021839 before she passed away she is second
zOk01CnkmXu-00090-00021840-00022030 from the right alongside her mother and
zOk01CnkmXu-00091-00022031-00022264 Austin Butler Lisa was rushed to the
zOk01CnkmXu-00092-00022265-00022517 West Hills Hospital two days before this
zOk01CnkmXu-00093-00022518-00022655 picture was taken to the West Hills
zOk01CnkmXu-00094-00022656-00022889 Medical Center in California after going
zOk01CnkmXu-00095-00022890-00023111 to cardiac arrest
zOk01CnkmXu-00096-00023112-00023314 prior to being transported at the
zOk01CnkmXu-00097-00023315-00023536 medical center was able to revive the
zOk01CnkmXu-00098-00023537-00023783 singer-songwriter Via CPR but she soon
zOk01CnkmXu-00099-00023784-00023975 fell in a critical Edition sometime
zOk01CnkmXu-00100-00023976-00024149 later that guy in the picture wearing
zOk01CnkmXu-00101-00024150-00024335 the black suit is Lisa's talent manager
zOk01CnkmXu-00102-00024336-00024521 Jerry shailing thinking that medical
zOk01CnkmXu-00103-00024522-00024719 stuff not knowing what would transpire
zOk01CnkmXu-00104-00024720-00024941 moments later
zOk01CnkmXu-00105-00024942-00025121 ports haven't released the cause of her
zOk01CnkmXu-00106-00025122-00025355 Cardiac Arrest but upon her death fans
zOk01CnkmXu-00107-00025356-00025564 noticed her odd behavior during the
zOk01CnkmXu-00108-00025565-00025733 camera interview I showed moments ago
zOk01CnkmXu-00109-00025733-00025931 and TMZ reported that she experienced
zOk01CnkmXu-00110-00025932-00026183 some stomach pains these could have been
zOk01CnkmXu-00111-00026183-00026327 the telling science but without the
zOk01CnkmXu-00112-00026327-00026507 official reports we are left to
zOk01CnkmXu-00113-00026508-00026837 speculate Lisa Marie Presley which is 54
zOk01CnkmXu-00114-00026838-00027317 years old when she died
zOk01CnkmXu-00115-00027318-00027877 foreign
zOk01CnkmXu-00116-00027877-00028270 flight SJ 182 plunge into the Java C on
zOk01CnkmXu-00117-00028272-00028493 January 9th 2021 four minutes after
zOk01CnkmXu-00118-00028494-00028805 takeoff from Jakarta killing 62
zOk01CnkmXu-00119-00028806-00029002 passengers on board the plane crash is
zOk01CnkmXu-00120-00029004-00029195 due to a faulty throttle system and
zOk01CnkmXu-00121-00029195-00029423 delayed pilot response the airplane
zOk01CnkmXu-00122-00029424-00029639 disappears four minutes after takeoff
zOk01CnkmXu-00123-00029639-00029879 you can see the strip departing from the
zOk01CnkmXu-00124-00029880-00030131 airline just as the airplane is flying
zOk01CnkmXu-00125-00030132-00030323 off the coast it loses contact near the
zOk01CnkmXu-00126-00030324-00030474 Java C
zOk01CnkmXu-00127-00030475-00030707 investigators also noted that those in a
zOk01CnkmXu-00128-00030708-00030911 copper has not reacted to the plane's
zOk01CnkmXu-00129-00030912-00031120 deviation in time perhaps due to the
zOk01CnkmXu-00130-00031122-00031283 complacency that resulted in less
zOk01CnkmXu-00131-00031283-00031457 monitoring from the pilots the
zOk01CnkmXu-00132-00031458-00031601 investigators noted in their report
zOk01CnkmXu-00133-00031602-00031787 released on Thursday that this was also
zOk01CnkmXu-00134-00031788-00031985 the result of a lack of training for the
zOk01CnkmXu-00135-00031986-00032170 pilots who how to react in such
zOk01CnkmXu-00136-00032172-00032399 emergency situations the airline has
zOk01CnkmXu-00137-00032400-00032668 also enact such training since the
zOk01CnkmXu-00138-00032669-00032909 incident here is the last photo of
zOk01CnkmXu-00139-00032910-00033143 flight 182 the plane that fell abruptly
zOk01CnkmXu-00140-00033144-00033389 from the sky just four minutes at the
zOk01CnkmXu-00141-00033390-00033646 take of 10 000 feet even before this
zOk01CnkmXu-00142-00033647-00033845 tragedy Indonesia Flags had suffered
zOk01CnkmXu-00143-00033846-00034024 three other commercial flights crashes
zOk01CnkmXu-00144-00034025-00034511 in recent years 2014 AirAsia 8320 or Jet
zOk01CnkmXu-00145-00034512-00034690 crash during their bad weather killing
zOk01CnkmXu-00146-00034691-00034907 Warriors sees two people four years
zOk01CnkmXu-00147-00034908-00035237 later in 2018 Lion Air 737 Max plane
zOk01CnkmXu-00148-00035238-00035461 crash into the sea killing
zOk01CnkmXu-00149-00035462-00035951 189 people in the Boeing 737 Max crash
zOk01CnkmXu-00150-00035952-00036515 in Ethiopia months later
zOk01CnkmXu-00151-00036516-00037465 foreign
zOk01CnkmXu-00152-00037466-00037823 1971 at the age of 27 the official cause
zOk01CnkmXu-00153-00037824-00038087 of death was heart failure no autopsy
zOk01CnkmXu-00154-00038088-00038374 was ever performed here are the last
zOk01CnkmXu-00155-00038375-00038549 known photographs of the Lizard King
zOk01CnkmXu-00156-00038550-00038867 taken on June 20th 1971 during a trip to
zOk01CnkmXu-00157-00038868-00039083 Saint Leo Morrison joined by Pamela
zOk01CnkmXu-00158-00039084-00039401 Corson and the friend Alan Ronin won my
zOk01CnkmXu-00159-00039402-00039593 assume Morrison was fat bearded and
zOk01CnkmXu-00160-00039594-00039779 Bloated due to the drugs and every use
zOk01CnkmXu-00161-00039780-00040085 of alcohol abuse at this point puffiness
zOk01CnkmXu-00162-00040086-00040277 is a byproduct of dehydration and
zOk01CnkmXu-00163-00040278-00040535 obsessive alcoholism one is dehydrated
zOk01CnkmXu-00164-00040536-00040709 the body tries to holding the fluids
zOk01CnkmXu-00165-00040710-00040865 already in the body which was Jose
zOk01CnkmXu-00166-00040866-00041015 Morrison's fluffy Faith's appearance
zOk01CnkmXu-00167-00041016-00041212 like I said there was no official
zOk01CnkmXu-00168-00041213-00041579 autopsy so when we never know
zOk01CnkmXu-00169-00041580-00042362 foreign
zOk01CnkmXu-00170-00042363-00043285 [Music]