oxX_csKCoUI-00000-00000119-00000366 the enrichment center regrets to inform
oxX_csKCoUI-00001-00000367-00000663 you that this next test is impossible
oxX_csKCoUI-00002-00000664-00001434 make no attempt to solve it
oxX_csKCoUI-00003-00001435-00002902 [Music]
oxX_csKCoUI-00004-00002903-00003158 the enrichment center apologizes for
oxX_csKCoUI-00005-00003159-00004983 this clearly broken test chamber
oxX_csKCoUI-00006-00004984-00005263 once again the enrichment center offers
oxX_csKCoUI-00007-00005264-00005486 its most sincere apologies on the
oxX_csKCoUI-00008-00005487-00005718 occasion of this unsolvable test
oxX_csKCoUI-00009-00005719-00005827 environment
oxX_csKCoUI-00010-00005828-00005983 [Music]
oxX_csKCoUI-00011-00005984-00006134 fantastic
oxX_csKCoUI-00012-00006135-00006406 you remain resolute and resourceful in
oxX_csKCoUI-00013-00006408-00006892 an atmosphere of extreme pessimism
oymsEbZb-pE-00000-00000007-00000323 understanding active oxygen its benefits
oymsEbZb-pE-00001-00000324-00000563 risks and ways to promote health
oymsEbZb-pE-00002-00000564-00000773 have you ever heard of active oxygen
oymsEbZb-pE-00003-00000774-00001012 it's a term that refers to a type of
oymsEbZb-pE-00004-00001013-00001216 molecule that is naturally produced in
oymsEbZb-pE-00005-00001217-00001378 our bodies during normal cellular
oymsEbZb-pE-00006-00001379-00001612 metabolism and also by our immune system
oymsEbZb-pE-00007-00001613-00001810 to fight off harmful bacteria and
oymsEbZb-pE-00008-00001811-00002147 viruses active oxygen also known as
oymsEbZb-pE-00009-00002148-00002447 reactive oxygen species Rose plays a
oymsEbZb-pE-00010-00002448-00002621 crucial role in our body's functioning
oymsEbZb-pE-00011-00002622-00002915 it is created when cells use oxygen to
oymsEbZb-pE-00012-00002916-00003142 produce energy and it is essential for
oymsEbZb-pE-00013-00003143-00003413 many cellular processes including immune
oymsEbZb-pE-00014-00003414-00003695 defense and Metabolism however when
oymsEbZb-pE-00015-00003696-00003833 there is an imbalance between the
oymsEbZb-pE-00016-00003834-00004013 production of active oxygen and the
oymsEbZb-pE-00017-00004014-00004283 body's ability to detoxify it oxidative
oymsEbZb-pE-00018-00004284-00004577 stress can occur this oxidative stress
oymsEbZb-pE-00019-00004578-00004865 can cause damage to cells including DNA
oymsEbZb-pE-00020-00004866-00005152 damage lipid peroxidation and protein
oymsEbZb-pE-00021-00005153-00005393 oxidation leading to the development of
oymsEbZb-pE-00022-00005394-00005586 chronic diseases such as cancer
oymsEbZb-pE-00023-00005587-00005867 Alzheimer's and cardiovascular diseases
oymsEbZb-pE-00024-00005868-00006172 to reduce the risks of oxidative stress
oymsEbZb-pE-00025-00006173-00006377 we need to promote ways to maintain
oymsEbZb-pE-00026-00006378-00006598 balance and manage the levels of act of
oymsEbZb-pE-00027-00006600-00006856 oxygen in our bodies there are several
oymsEbZb-pE-00028-00006858-00007156 ways to do this including eating a diet
oymsEbZb-pE-00029-00007158-00007439 rich in antioxidants antioxidants
oymsEbZb-pE-00030-00007440-00007660 neutralize the free radicals created by
oymsEbZb-pE-00031-00007661-00007937 active oxygen foods that are high in
oymsEbZb-pE-00032-00007938-00008285 antioxidants include berries nuts leafy
oymsEbZb-pE-00033-00008286-00008471 greens and colorful fruits and
oymsEbZb-pE-00034-00008472-00008767 vegetables engaging in regular exercise
oymsEbZb-pE-00035-00008768-00009071 exercise is a natural antioxidant that
oymsEbZb-pE-00036-00009072-00009281 can reduce oxidative stress and keep our
oymsEbZb-pE-00037-00009282-00009517 cells healthy aerobic exercise
oymsEbZb-pE-00038-00009518-00009773 resistance training and high intensity
oymsEbZb-pE-00039-00009774-00009991 interval training can all be beneficial
oymsEbZb-pE-00040-00009992-00010289 managing stress chronic stress can
oymsEbZb-pE-00041-00010290-00010481 increase the production of active oxygen
oymsEbZb-pE-00042-00010482-00010774 and lead to oxidative stress practicing
oymsEbZb-pE-00043-00010775-00010955 stress reducing techniques such as
oymsEbZb-pE-00044-00010956-00011249 meditation yoga and deep breathing can
oymsEbZb-pE-00045-00011250-00011410 help manage stress levels and reduce
oymsEbZb-pE-00046-00011411-00011705 oxidative stress getting enough sleep
oymsEbZb-pE-00047-00011706-00011921 sleep is essential for reducing
oymsEbZb-pE-00048-00011922-00012119 oxidative stress and promoting cell
oymsEbZb-pE-00049-00012120-00012413 repair and regeneration aim for seven to
oymsEbZb-pE-00050-00012414-00012642 nine hours of quality sleep each night
oymsEbZb-pE-00051-00012643-00012913 avoiding environmental toxins
oymsEbZb-pE-00052-00012913-00013144 environmental toxins such as cigarette
oymsEbZb-pE-00053-00013145-00013427 smoke air pollution and pesticides can
oymsEbZb-pE-00054-00013428-00013625 increase the production of active oxygen
oymsEbZb-pE-00055-00013626-00013853 and lead to oxidative stress
oymsEbZb-pE-00056-00013854-00014105 minimize exposure to these toxins as
oymsEbZb-pE-00057-00014106-00014411 much as possible in conclusion active
oymsEbZb-pE-00058-00014412-00014680 oxygen has both benefits and risks and
oymsEbZb-pE-00059-00014681-00014879 it is essential to maintain a balance in
oymsEbZb-pE-00060-00014880-00015077 our bodies to promote health and prevent
oymsEbZb-pE-00061-00015078-00015221 chronic disease
oymsEbZb-pE-00062-00015222-00015521 by eating a healthy diet engaging in
oymsEbZb-pE-00063-00015522-00015827 regular exercise managing stress getting
oymsEbZb-pE-00064-00015828-00016055 enough sleep and avoiding environmental
oymsEbZb-pE-00065-00016056-00016313 toxins we can support our body's ability
oymsEbZb-pE-00066-00016313-00016522 to manage active oxygen levels and
oymsEbZb-pE-00067-00016523-00016703 promote overall health and well-being
oymsEbZb-pE-00068-00016704-00017072 thanks for watching
ozofozq_hy4-00000-00000199-00000983 [Music]
ozofozq_hy4-00001-00000984-00001103 designers feel that
ozofozq_hy4-00002-00001104-00001262 the creative process has become quite
ozofozq_hy4-00003-00001263-00001439 sterile like
ozofozq_hy4-00004-00001440-00001679 ux has sort of taken away the kind of
ozofozq_hy4-00005-00001680-00001798 the creativeness
ozofozq_hy4-00006-00001800-00002014 of it so before um a designer would go
ozofozq_hy4-00007-00002016-00002110 to art college
ozofozq_hy4-00008-00002111-00002367 um and everything about that was uh the
ozofozq_hy4-00009-00002368-00002518 creative process was coming internally
ozofozq_hy4-00010-00002519-00002679 but now everything seems to be validated
ozofozq_hy4-00011-00002680-00002799 and everything seems to be like very
ozofozq_hy4-00012-00002800-00003023 sterile and the way we create things is
ozofozq_hy4-00013-00003024-00003183 all about replicating the same
ozofozq_hy4-00014-00003184-00003567 user experience patterns and ui elements
ozofozq_hy4-00015-00003568-00003735 and it feels like the validation part
ozofozq_hy4-00016-00003736-00003870 has taken away
ozofozq_hy4-00017-00003871-00004047 what it means to be creative like from
ozofozq_hy4-00018-00004047-00004231 developer perspective i must say data is
ozofozq_hy4-00019-00004232-00004375 very helpful
ozofozq_hy4-00020-00004376-00004631 so i personally like it i like to you
ozofozq_hy4-00021-00004632-00004735 know have
ozofozq_hy4-00022-00004736-00005038 hard proof that what i'm working on or
ozofozq_hy4-00023-00005039-00005167 the decisions i'm making
ozofozq_hy4-00024-00005168-00005359 are having the the right impact on the
ozofozq_hy4-00025-00005360-00005511 user experience on the app
ozofozq_hy4-00026-00005512-00005831 i'm building or on the look and feel but
ozofozq_hy4-00027-00005832-00005959 i can totally see
ozofozq_hy4-00028-00005960-00006175 where you're coming from when it comes
ozofozq_hy4-00029-00006176-00006279 to the creative
ozofozq_hy4-00030-00006280-00006623 process for example it's quite important
ozofozq_hy4-00031-00006623-00006719 and easy to measure
ozofozq_hy4-00032-00006720-00006919 stuff that is already out there to
ozofozq_hy4-00033-00006920-00007070 figure out if
ozofozq_hy4-00034-00007072-00007319 this decision was right or wrong but
ozofozq_hy4-00035-00007320-00007527 it's very hard to start with
ozofozq_hy4-00036-00007528-00007727 data you know to start the process of
ozofozq_hy4-00037-00007728-00007910 creating something new
ozofozq_hy4-00038-00007911-00008199 from hard facts you need this ingenity
ozofozq_hy4-00039-00008200-00008271 that you put
ozofozq_hy4-00040-00008272-00008495 into the app in the first place for
ozofozq_hy4-00041-00008496-00008695 example when i create some
ozofozq_hy4-00042-00008696-00008967 reference app i want to showcase some
ozofozq_hy4-00043-00008968-00009055 technology
ozofozq_hy4-00044-00009056-00009367 or some new way of solving technological
ozofozq_hy4-00045-00009368-00009495 problem
ozofozq_hy4-00046-00009496-00009710 but it's a front end up so i need to
ozofozq_hy4-00047-00009711-00009927 make it look and feel nice at the same
ozofozq_hy4-00048-00009928-00010167 time and i stand in this blank canvas
ozofozq_hy4-00049-00010168-00010359 and then i pray to have some creative
ozofozq_hy4-00050-00010360-00010551 designer next to me you know coming in
ozofozq_hy4-00051-00010552-00010671 with his ingenity
ozofozq_hy4-00052-00010672-00010951 rather than just you know getting my
ozofozq_hy4-00053-00010952-00010999 data
ozofozq_hy4-00054-00011000-00011167 and following the data flow i mean it
ozofozq_hy4-00055-00011168-00011295 does feel a bit like a chicken and egg
ozofozq_hy4-00056-00011296-00011463 situation what comes first
ozofozq_hy4-00057-00011464-00011774 the creative step of just discovery
ozofozq_hy4-00058-00011775-00011935 i actually like to think about it as a
ozofozq_hy4-00059-00011936-00012103 sandwich you know rather than chicken
ozofozq_hy4-00060-00012104-00012183 and egg
ozofozq_hy4-00061-00012184-00012423 it's like you know you have some bread
ozofozq_hy4-00062-00012424-00012542 and then some filling
ozofozq_hy4-00063-00012543-00012751 and then some bread again so i think it
ozofozq_hy4-00064-00012752-00012910 all starts with kind of
ozofozq_hy4-00065-00012911-00013222 creative process by designer or by some
ozofozq_hy4-00066-00013223-00013375 you know creative person that is working
ozofozq_hy4-00067-00013376-00013527 on a given product
ozofozq_hy4-00068-00013528-00013791 um to have a distarting idea and then
ozofozq_hy4-00069-00013791-00013847 you get
ozofozq_hy4-00070-00013847-00014103 data and user testing and all these you
ozofozq_hy4-00071-00014104-00014286 know heavy weaponry
ozofozq_hy4-00072-00014287-00014615 for um polishing the original idea so
ozofozq_hy4-00073-00014616-00014735 that it's the best
ozofozq_hy4-00074-00014736-00015055 um you can get but then at the top you
ozofozq_hy4-00075-00015056-00015263 still need this touch of ingenity you
ozofozq_hy4-00076-00015263-00015335 know
ozofozq_hy4-00077-00015336-00015607 like when i think about different um
ozofozq_hy4-00078-00015608-00015807 visual frameworks on the web
ozofozq_hy4-00079-00015808-00016086 they kind of stop at this second layer
ozofozq_hy4-00080-00016087-00016271 they took the initial idea
ozofozq_hy4-00081-00016272-00016543 they applied a lot of data to make it as
ozofozq_hy4-00082-00016544-00016599 nice
ozofozq_hy4-00083-00016600-00017030 and you know to use and as usable and as
ozofozq_hy4-00084-00017031-00017286 browser friendly environment friendly
ozofozq_hy4-00085-00017287-00017430 whatever
ozofozq_hy4-00086-00017431-00017671 you need and they stop there but then
ozofozq_hy4-00087-00017672-00017830 the design needs to take
ozofozq_hy4-00088-00017831-00018150 such a visual framework and touch this
ozofozq_hy4-00089-00018151-00018263 something unique
ozofozq_hy4-00090-00018264-00018519 you know that to make a given app or
ozofozq_hy4-00091-00018520-00018694 product outstanding
ozofozq_hy4-00092-00018695-00018958 and and sometimes i think we stop at
ozofozq_hy4-00093-00018959-00019103 this data level
ozofozq_hy4-00094-00019104-00019286 and we don't go through this extra step
ozofozq_hy4-00095-00019287-00019471 of adding some more art on top of it to
ozofozq_hy4-00096-00019472-00019647 make it extraordinary
ozofozq_hy4-00097-00019648-00019814 amazing i mean i've never really fought
ozofozq_hy4-00098-00019815-00020022 i always feels like one comes before the
ozofozq_hy4-00099-00020023-00020127 other and i know
ozofozq_hy4-00100-00020128-00020399 um a lot of working environments do feel
ozofozq_hy4-00101-00020400-00020599 like a factory in that respect that i
ozofozq_hy4-00102-00020600-00020814 draw the picture then a developer might
ozofozq_hy4-00103-00020815-00020991 implement the picture and then i take it
ozofozq_hy4-00104-00020992-00021143 back and say could you change the color
ozofozq_hy4-00105-00021144-00021214 back and
ozofozq_hy4-00106-00021215-00021447 um but i think i suppose it's about
ozofozq_hy4-00107-00021448-00021567 finding a
ozofozq_hy4-00108-00021568-00021863 a a process where both can really feel
ozofozq_hy4-00109-00021864-00022086 like they're making a sandwich together
ozofozq_hy4-00110-00022087-00022358 in a kitchen rather than it being a
ozofozq_hy4-00111-00022359-00022478 conveyor belt
ozofozq_hy4-00112-00022479-00022703 yeah it's a little bit similar to when
ozofozq_hy4-00113-00022704-00022911 the agile methodologies enter the
ozofozq_hy4-00114-00022912-00023111 software world you know where you go
ozofozq_hy4-00115-00023112-00023430 through different iterations of the um
ozofozq_hy4-00116-00023431-00023758 of the creative process and i agree when
ozofozq_hy4-00117-00023759-00023814 there was
ozofozq_hy4-00118-00023815-00023983 the situation where first you get a
ozofozq_hy4-00119-00023984-00024150 design out and then you give it to
ozofozq_hy4-00120-00024151-00024319 developers to implement it
ozofozq_hy4-00121-00024320-00024542 and that's it it's very stressful for
ozofozq_hy4-00122-00024543-00024703 both sides because
ozofozq_hy4-00123-00024704-00024919 developers we stress that the design is
ozofozq_hy4-00124-00024920-00025111 not really implementable to be honest
ozofozq_hy4-00125-00025112-00025230 like it's not compatible with the
ozofozq_hy4-00126-00025231-00025342 technology
ozofozq_hy4-00127-00025343-00025503 and then designers are angry because you
ozofozq_hy4-00128-00025504-00025646 know developers
ozofozq_hy4-00129-00025647-00025831 change their design and now it's not as
ozofozq_hy4-00130-00025832-00026022 pretty as it was before
ozofozq_hy4-00131-00026023-00026199 so i think it's all about making it more
ozofozq_hy4-00132-00026200-00026383 iterative and more collaborative
ozofozq_hy4-00133-00026383-00026631 and then it takes the stress out of both
ozofozq_hy4-00134-00026632-00026767 parties
ozofozq_hy4-00135-00026768-00026974 and i know there are some there's some
ozofozq_hy4-00136-00026975-00027174 tension on the line
ozofozq_hy4-00137-00027175-00027423 every now and then but to be honest i
ozofozq_hy4-00138-00027424-00027639 really like working with designers
ozofozq_hy4-00139-00027639-00027951 there's this app i worked on
ozofozq_hy4-00140-00027952-00028167 in december last year at santa tracker
ozofozq_hy4-00141-00028168-00028295 it's um
ozofozq_hy4-00142-00028295-00028583 it's a google app that kind of tracks
ozofozq_hy4-00143-00028583-00028679 the steps of the
ozofozq_hy4-00144-00028680-00028918 santa claus throughout december up to
ozofozq_hy4-00145-00028919-00029079 the combination day where he goes around
ozofozq_hy4-00146-00029080-00029183 the world you know and gives the
ozofozq_hy4-00147-00029183-00029311 presents
ozofozq_hy4-00148-00029312-00029543 and there's a lot of apps you can play
ozofozq_hy4-00149-00029544-00029655 in that experience
ozofozq_hy4-00150-00029656-00029902 throughout whole december and i was
ozofozq_hy4-00151-00029904-00030167 developing this app where a little
ozofozq_hy4-00152-00030168-00030327 elf is going through a maze it's
ozofozq_hy4-00153-00030327-00030527 navigating a maze finding presents
ozofozq_hy4-00154-00030527-00030831 and you can look like you see the elf
ozofozq_hy4-00155-00030832-00030999 from the top so it was pretty much just
ozofozq_hy4-00156-00031000-00031143 a red dot with a little
ozofozq_hy4-00157-00031144-00031446 pointy hat kind of and
ozofozq_hy4-00158-00031447-00031679 my task was to make it jump through
ozofozq_hy4-00159-00031680-00031783 obstacles
ozofozq_hy4-00160-00031783-00031983 and i was totally stuck you know because
ozofozq_hy4-00161-00031983-00032174 you look from above and it's just
ozofozq_hy4-00162-00032175-00032423 this red dot that is a head how you make
ozofozq_hy4-00163-00032424-00032511 a jump
ozofozq_hy4-00164-00032512-00032687 like you don't see legs you don't see
ozofozq_hy4-00165-00032688-00032887 arms i was i was stuck
ozofozq_hy4-00166-00032888-00033071 i implemented all the technological
ozofozq_hy4-00167-00033072-00033262 parts to it in two days
ozofozq_hy4-00168-00033263-00033423 and then for next two weeks i was like
ozofozq_hy4-00169-00033424-00033687 blank how to make it look
ozofozq_hy4-00170-00033688-00033918 right and then i asked for designer help
ozofozq_hy4-00171-00033919-00034007 and within
ozofozq_hy4-00172-00034008-00034215 very short time he came up with the idea
ozofozq_hy4-00173-00034216-00034383 that you know if you make the
ozofozq_hy4-00174-00034384-00034615 dot bigger and they're smaller it looks
ozofozq_hy4-00175-00034616-00034702 like you know it's like
ozofozq_hy4-00176-00034703-00034846 floating in the air and then falling
ozofozq_hy4-00177-00034847-00035087 down this is so brilliant
ozofozq_hy4-00178-00035088-00035327 and i never thought about it like you
ozofozq_hy4-00179-00035328-00035423 really need to
ozofozq_hy4-00180-00035424-00035767 um trust in your competencies you know
ozofozq_hy4-00181-00035768-00036007 and ask for help when you need it
ozofozq_hy4-00182-00036008-00036183 and what i'd love for us to do is to end
ozofozq_hy4-00183-00036184-00036430 up in a world where we have
ozofozq_hy4-00184-00036431-00036623 language and ideas that are native to
ozofozq_hy4-00185-00036624-00036807 the web itself that embrace the fact
ozofozq_hy4-00186-00036808-00036974 that the web is hypertext
ozofozq_hy4-00187-00036975-00037451 not just a another way to build native
ozofozq_hy4-00188-00037452-00037752 apps
ozXLVSaSmOu-00000-00000000-00000269 docket numbers tonight already I just
ozXLVSaSmOu-00001-00000270-00000470 like to pay attention to couple more big
ozXLVSaSmOu-00002-00000471-00001028 numbers so rest life 21 this year and I
ozXLVSaSmOu-00003-00001029-00001308 hope that time is going to 7 million
ozXLVSaSmOu-00004-00001309-00001607 amazing women a take the prize what's
ozXLVSaSmOu-00005-00001607-00001834 even more amazing is that in that time
ozXLVSaSmOu-00006-00001835-00002152 they contributed over half a billion
ozXLVSaSmOu-00007-00002153-00003129 pounds
ozXLVSaSmOu-00008-00003130-00003508 and in the last 20 years the survival
ozXLVSaSmOu-00009-00003509-00003718 rates are cancerous ER for cancer sorry
ozXLVSaSmOu-00010-00003719-00004102 have doubled so that money has not gone
ozXLVSaSmOu-00011-00004103-00004297 to waste it's gone to do amazing things
ozXLVSaSmOu-00012-00004298-00004488 its continued to do amazing things and
ozXLVSaSmOu-00013-00004489-00004738 when you talk about 7 million with
ozXLVSaSmOu-00014-00004739-00004909 amazing women you kind of run out of
ozXLVSaSmOu-00015-00004910-00005197 superlatives to talk about special
ozXLVSaSmOu-00016-00005198-00005410 people within that so I can only say
ozXLVSaSmOu-00017-00005411-00005686 really but some people are even more
ozXLVSaSmOu-00018-00005687-00005947 amazing than others and the special
ozXLVSaSmOu-00019-00005948-00006246 recognition tonight goes to a lady who
ozXLVSaSmOu-00020-00006247-00006603 and didn't raise 60 pounds which is the
ozXLVSaSmOu-00021-00006604-00006967 average she raised 10,000 pounds and
ozXLVSaSmOu-00022-00006968-00007278 rest life and not only that I wasn't
ozXLVSaSmOu-00023-00007279-00007521 quite good enough so she went on to
ozXLVSaSmOu-00024-00007522-00007785 inspire a team to raise another 18,000
ozXLVSaSmOu-00025-00007786-00008083 pounds so 28,000 pounds and incredible
ozXLVSaSmOu-00026-00008084-00008284 achievements and something that I which
ozXLVSaSmOu-00027-00008285-00008610 is very very proud thank you very much
ozXLVSaSmOu-00028-00008611-00008848 and see let's take a look at the winners
ozXLVSaSmOu-00029-00008849-00009088 story
o_CBfyxrvkA-00000-00000077-00001889 do I look so bad so unreal
oBle_cxFEI4-00000-00000007-00000428 the urn filled culture see 1300 BC to
oBle_cxFEI4-00001-00000429-00000736 750 BC was a Late Bronze Age culture of
oBle_cxFEI4-00002-00000737-00000919 Central Europe often divided into
oBle_cxFEI4-00003-00000921-00001106 several local cultures within a broader
oBle_cxFEI4-00004-00001107-00001361 urn field tradition the name comes from
oBle_cxFEI4-00005-00001362-00001544 the custom of cremating the dead and
oBle_cxFEI4-00006-00001545-00001721 placing their ashes in urns which were
oBle_cxFEI4-00007-00001722-00001979 then buried in fields over much of
oBle_cxFEI4-00008-00001980-00002171 Europe the urn field culture followed
oBle_cxFEI4-00009-00002172-00002359 the tumulus culture and was succeeded by
oBle_cxFEI4-00010-00002360-00002615 the hallstatt culture linguistic
oBle_cxFEI4-00011-00002616-00002771 evidence and continuity with the
oBle_cxFEI4-00012-00002772-00002987 following hallstatt culture suggests
oBle_cxFEI4-00013-00002988-00003173 that the people of this area spoke an
oBle_cxFEI4-00014-00003174-00003361 early form of Celtic perhaps originally
oBle_cxFEI4-00015-00003363-00003818 proto Celtic
oBle_cxFEI4-00016-00003819-00004279 topic chronology
oBle_cxFEI4-00017-00004280-00004531 it is believed that in some areas such
oBle_cxFEI4-00018-00004532-00004713 as in southwestern Germany the earn
oBle_cxFEI4-00019-00004714-00004911 field culture was in existence around
oBle_cxFEI4-00020-00004912-00005193 1200 BC beginning of Halsted a or high
oBle_cxFEI4-00021-00005194-00005418 but the bronze D rigsy phase already
oBle_cxFEI4-00022-00005419-00005706 contains cremations as the transition
oBle_cxFEI4-00023-00005707-00005878 from the middle Bronze Age to the urn
oBle_cxFEI4-00024-00005879-00006067 field culture was gradual there are
oBle_cxFEI4-00025-00006068-00006364 questions regarding how to define it the
oBle_cxFEI4-00026-00006365-00006556 urn field culture covers the phases
oBle_cxFEI4-00027-00006556-00006841 hallstatt a and B ha a and B in Paul
oBle_cxFEI4-00028-00006842-00007059 rhynocs chronological system not to be
oBle_cxFEI4-00029-00007061-00007284 confused with the hallstatt culture ha C
oBle_cxFEI4-00030-00007286-00007560 and D of the following Iron Age this
oBle_cxFEI4-00031-00007561-00007816 corresponds to the phases mont elias III
oBle_cxFEI4-00032-00007817-00008101 IV of the northern Bronze Age whether
oBle_cxFEI4-00033-00008102-00008332 rhynocs bronze d is included varies
oBle_cxFEI4-00034-00008333-00008605 according to author and region the urn
oBle_cxFEI4-00035-00008606-00008788 field culture is divided into the
oBle_cxFEI4-00036-00008789-00008977 following sub bases based on Muller
oBle_cxFEI4-00037-00008978-00009277 carps and the existence of the hobby
oBle_cxFEI4-00038-00009278-00009516 three phase is contested as the material
oBle_cxFEI4-00039-00009517-00009816 consists of female burials only as can
oBle_cxFEI4-00040-00009817-00010069 be seen by the arbitrary 100 year ranges
oBle_cxFEI4-00041-00010070-00010239 the dating of the phases is highly
oBle_cxFEI4-00042-00010240-00010483 schematic the phases are based on
oBle_cxFEI4-00043-00010484-00010693 typological changes which means that
oBle_cxFEI4-00044-00010694-00010816 they do not have to be strictly
oBle_cxFEI4-00045-00010817-00010974 contemporaneous across the whole
oBle_cxFEI4-00046-00010975-00011299 distribution all in all more radiocarbon
oBle_cxFEI4-00047-00011300-00011455 and dendro dates would be highly
oBle_cxFEI4-00048-00011456-00011828 desirable
oBle_cxFEI4-00049-00011829-00012321 topic origin
oBle_cxFEI4-00050-00012322-00012531 the urn filled culture grew from the
oBle_cxFEI4-00051-00012532-00012795 preceding tumulus culture the transition
oBle_cxFEI4-00052-00012796-00013011 is gradual in the pottery as well as the
oBle_cxFEI4-00053-00013012-00013266 burial rites in some parts of Germany
oBle_cxFEI4-00054-00013266-00013500 cremation and information existed
oBle_cxFEI4-00055-00013501-00013710 simultaneously facies wool fur shine
oBle_cxFEI4-00056-00013711-00013978 some graves contain a combination of
oBle_cxFEI4-00057-00013979-00014175 tumulus culture pottery and urn filled
oBle_cxFEI4-00058-00014176-00014422 swords crest borne bodensee crease or
oBle_cxFEI4-00059-00014422-00014613 tumulus culture and sized pottery
oBle_cxFEI4-00060-00014615-00014794 together with earlier and field types
oBle_cxFEI4-00061-00014794-00015030 Mangan in the north the urn field
oBle_cxFEI4-00062-00015031-00015238 culture was only adopted in the high -
oBle_cxFEI4-00063-00015238-00015622 period 16 pins deposited in a swamp in
oBle_cxFEI4-00064-00015622-00015940 El Muhsin kr that abling Germany covered
oBle_cxFEI4-00065-00015941-00016105 the whole chronological range from
oBle_cxFEI4-00066-00016106-00016324 bronze B to the earlier in field period
oBle_cxFEI4-00067-00016325-00016621 ha a this demonstrates a considerable
oBle_cxFEI4-00068-00016622-00016875 ritual continuity in the Loire seine
oBle_cxFEI4-00069-00016876-00017116 androne certain Ford's contain deposits
oBle_cxFEI4-00070-00017117-00017296 from the late neolithic onwards up to
oBle_cxFEI4-00071-00017297-00017587 the urn field period the origins of the
oBle_cxFEI4-00072-00017588-00017781 cremation right are commonly believed to
oBle_cxFEI4-00073-00017782-00017935 be in Hungary where it was widespread
oBle_cxFEI4-00074-00017936-00018127 since the first half of the second
oBle_cxFEI4-00075-00018128-00018418 millennium BC the neolithic cucuteni
oBle_cxFEI4-00076-00018419-00018600 tripoli a culture of modern day
oBle_cxFEI4-00077-00018601-00018817 northeastern Romania and Ukraine were
oBle_cxFEI4-00078-00018818-00019027 also practicing cremation rituals as
oBle_cxFEI4-00079-00019028-00019408 early as approximately 5500 BC some
oBle_cxFEI4-00080-00019409-00019581 cremations begin to be found in the
oBle_cxFEI4-00081-00019582-00020094 proto lusatian and trisomy ik culture
oBle_cxFEI4-00082-00020095-00020711 topic distribution and local groups
oBle_cxFEI4-00083-00020712-00020963 the urn filled culture was located in an
oBle_cxFEI4-00084-00020964-00021167 area stretching from western hungary to
oBle_cxFEI4-00085-00021168-00021361 eastern france from the Alps to near the
oBle_cxFEI4-00086-00021362-00021710 North Sea local groups mainly
oBle_cxFEI4-00087-00021711-00022061 differentiated by pottery include Nova's
oBle_cxFEI4-00088-00022062-00022274 culture in western and northern Bohemia
oBle_cxFEI4-00089-00022275-00022480 southern Thuringia and northeastern
oBle_cxFEI4-00090-00022481-00022811 Bavaria Millis a culture in southeastern
oBle_cxFEI4-00091-00022812-00023138 Bohemia unstruck culture in Thuringia a
oBle_cxFEI4-00092-00023139-00023339 mixture between Nova's culture in the
oBle_cxFEI4-00093-00023340-00023660 south german urn field culture lusatian
oBle_cxFEI4-00094-00023661-00023903 culture in northern bohemia lusatia and
oBle_cxFEI4-00095-00023904-00024156 planned south german urn filled culture
oBle_cxFEI4-00096-00024157-00024428 north-east bavarian group divided into a
oBle_cxFEI4-00097-00024429-00024641 lower bavarian and an upper Palatinate
oBle_cxFEI4-00098-00024642-00024935 group lower mein swabby and group in
oBle_cxFEI4-00099-00024936-00025108 southern Hess and Baden Wurttemberg
oBle_cxFEI4-00100-00025109-00025328 including the Marburger Hen our lower
oBle_cxFEI4-00101-00025329-00025631 main and fried burger facies Rhenish
oBle_cxFEI4-00102-00025632-00025792 swiss group in rhineland-palatinate
oBle_cxFEI4-00103-00025793-00025978 switzerland and eastern france
oBle_cxFEI4-00104-00025979-00026296 abbreviated RS fo in french lower rhine
oBle_cxFEI4-00105-00026297-00026620 urn filled culture lower hessian group
oBle_cxFEI4-00106-00026620-00026926 north netherlands Westphalian group
oBle_cxFEI4-00107-00026927-00027164 northwest group in the dutch delta
oBle_cxFEI4-00108-00027164-00027402 region middle danube earn field culture
oBle_cxFEI4-00109-00027403-00027739 LEDs Bayard orphan Moravia and Austria
oBle_cxFEI4-00110-00027739-00028186 caki in Western Slovakia Gothic culture
oBle_cxFEI4-00111-00028187-00028667 pelini culture Kea dis culture Maiko
oBle_cxFEI4-00112-00028668-00028856 culture sometimes the distribution of
oBle_cxFEI4-00113-00028857-00029039 artifacts belonging to these groups
oBle_cxFEI4-00114-00029039-00029270 shows sharp and consistent borders which
oBle_cxFEI4-00115-00029270-00029452 might indicate some political structures
oBle_cxFEI4-00116-00029453-00029756 like tribes metalwork is commonly of a
oBle_cxFEI4-00117-00029757-00029951 much more widespread distribution than
oBle_cxFEI4-00118-00029952-00030125 pottery and does not conform to these
oBle_cxFEI4-00119-00030126-00030380 borders it may have been produced at
oBle_cxFEI4-00120-00030381-00030577 specialized workshops catering for the
oBle_cxFEI4-00121-00030578-00030889 elite of a large area important French
oBle_cxFEI4-00122-00030891-00031114 cemeteries include Shatan a and Lingle
oBle_cxFEI4-00123-00031116-00031402 hime Alsace an unusual earth work was
oBle_cxFEI4-00124-00031403-00031610 constructed at Gallery near Koblenz in
oBle_cxFEI4-00125-00031611-00032017 Germany
oBle_cxFEI4-00126-00032018-00032511 topic related cultures
oBle_cxFEI4-00127-00032512-00032765 the Central European lusatian culture
oBle_cxFEI4-00128-00032766-00032946 forms part of the urn filled tradition
oBle_cxFEI4-00129-00032947-00033143 but continues into the Iron Age without
oBle_cxFEI4-00130-00033144-00033443 a notable break the Pelini culture in
oBle_cxFEI4-00131-00033444-00033665 northern Hungary and Slovakia grew from
oBle_cxFEI4-00132-00033666-00033843 the tumulus culture but used earned
oBle_cxFEI4-00133-00033844-00033948 burials as well
oBle_cxFEI4-00134-00033949-00034190 the pottery shows strong links to the
oBle_cxFEI4-00135-00034191-00034410 Gothic culture but in the later phases a
oBle_cxFEI4-00136-00034411-00034623 strong influence of the lusatian culture
oBle_cxFEI4-00137-00034624-00034899 is found in Italy the late bronze age
oBle_cxFEI4-00138-00034900-00035076 can a great in proto villeneuve in
oBle_cxFEI4-00139-00035077-00035220 cultures in the early iron age
oBle_cxFEI4-00140-00035221-00035439 Villeneuve in culture show similarities
oBle_cxFEI4-00141-00035440-00035593 with the urn fields of Central Europe
oBle_cxFEI4-00142-00035594-00035871 urn fields are found in the French long
oBle_cxFEI4-00143-00035872-00036071 dock in Catalonia from the 9th to 8th
oBle_cxFEI4-00144-00036072-00036371 centuries the change in burial custom
oBle_cxFEI4-00145-00036372-00036537 was most probably influenced by
oBle_cxFEI4-00146-00036538-00036810 developments further east the goal
oBle_cxFEI4-00147-00036811-00036987 aesthetic culture in northern Italy
oBle_cxFEI4-00148-00036988-00037149 developed with continuity from the
oBle_cxFEI4-00149-00037150-00037374 connect great culture connect great
oBle_cxFEI4-00150-00037375-00037593 represented a completely new cultural
oBle_cxFEI4-00151-00037594-00037821 dynamic to the area expressed in pottery
oBle_cxFEI4-00152-00037822-00038021 and bronze work making it a typical
oBle_cxFEI4-00153-00038022-00038232 Western example of the urn field culture
oBle_cxFEI4-00154-00038233-00038430 in particular the Rhine Switzerland
oBle_cxFEI4-00155-00038431-00038655 eastern France are SFO earned field
oBle_cxFEI4-00156-00038656-00038931 culture the laFonda Celtic language
oBle_cxFEI4-00157-00038932-00039108 inscriptions of the area showed the
oBle_cxFEI4-00158-00039109-00039296 language of the Gullah Seco culture was
oBle_cxFEI4-00159-00039297-00039495 clearly Celtic making it probable that
oBle_cxFEI4-00160-00039496-00039744 the 13th century BC language of at least
oBle_cxFEI4-00161-00039745-00040011 the RSAF area of the Western earn Fields
oBle_cxFEI4-00162-00040012-00040224 was also celtic or a precursor to it
oBle_cxFEI4-00163-00040225-00040407 place name evidence has also been used
oBle_cxFEI4-00164-00040408-00040602 to point to an association of the urn
oBle_cxFEI4-00165-00040603-00040802 field materials with a protocol Tec
oBle_cxFEI4-00166-00040803-00041004 language group in Central Europe and it
oBle_cxFEI4-00167-00041005-00041130 has been argued that it was the
oBle_cxFEI4-00168-00041131-00041427 ancestral culture of the counts the urn
oBle_cxFEI4-00169-00041428-00041577 field layers of the hallstatt culture
oBle_cxFEI4-00170-00041578-00041871 high and hobby are succeeded by the Iron
oBle_cxFEI4-00171-00041872-00042252 Age hallstatt period proper ha C and ha
oBle_cxFEI4-00172-00042253-00042594 d8 6 centuries BC associated with the
oBle_cxFEI4-00173-00042595-00042825 early counts hadiya's in turn succeeded
oBle_cxFEI4-00174-00042826-00042960 by the lenten a culture the
oBle_cxFEI4-00175-00042961-00043176 archaeological culture associated with
oBle_cxFEI4-00176-00043177-00043461 the continental celts of antiquity the
oBle_cxFEI4-00177-00043462-00043632 influence of the urn field culture
oBle_cxFEI4-00178-00043633-00043818 spread widely and found its way to the
oBle_cxFEI4-00179-00043819-00044025 northeastern Iberian coast where the
oBle_cxFEI4-00180-00044026-00044217 nearby Celtiberian 's of the interior
oBle_cxFEI4-00181-00044218-00044440 adapted it for use in their cemeteries
oBle_cxFEI4-00182-00044441-00044708 evidence for east to westerly urn field
oBle_cxFEI4-00183-00044709-00044990 bronze d hallstatt a elite contact such
oBle_cxFEI4-00184-00044991-00045180 as ruled where swords and crested
oBle_cxFEI4-00185-00045181-00045333 helmets has been found in the south-west
oBle_cxFEI4-00186-00045334-00045633 of the iberian peninsula the appearance
oBle_cxFEI4-00187-00045634-00045839 of such elite status markers provides
oBle_cxFEI4-00188-00045840-00045911 the simple
oBle_cxFEI4-00189-00045912-00046101 explanation for the spread of Celtic
oBle_cxFEI4-00190-00046102-00046274 languages in this area from prestigious
oBle_cxFEI4-00191-00046275-00046508 protocol tech earlier in field metal
oBle_cxFEI4-00192-00046509-00046853 workers
oBle_cxFEI4-00193-00046854-00047376 topic migrations
oBle_cxFEI4-00194-00047377-00047574 the numerous hordes of the urn filled
oBle_cxFEI4-00195-00047575-00047774 culture in the existence of fortified
oBle_cxFEI4-00196-00047775-00047979 settlements hill forts were taken as
oBle_cxFEI4-00197-00047980-00048168 evidence for widespread warfare and
oBle_cxFEI4-00198-00048169-00048440 upheaval by some scholars written
oBle_cxFEI4-00199-00048441-00048665 sources describes several collapses and
oBle_cxFEI4-00200-00048666-00048839 appeals in the eastern Mediterranean
oBle_cxFEI4-00201-00048840-00049074 Anatolia and the Levant around the time
oBle_cxFEI4-00202-00049075-00049349 of the urn field origins end of the
oBle_cxFEI4-00203-00049350-00049502 Mycenaean culture with a conventional
oBle_cxFEI4-00204-00049503-00050065 date of C 1200 BC destruction of Troy BC
oBle_cxFEI4-00205-00050066-00050451 1200 BC battles of Rameses the 3rd
oBle_cxFEI4-00206-00050452-00050583 against the Sea Peoples
oBle_cxFEI4-00207-00050584-00051008 11 95 to 11 90 BC end of the Hittite
oBle_cxFEI4-00208-00051009-00051348 Empire 1180 BC settlement of the
oBle_cxFEI4-00209-00051349-00051732 Philistines in Canaan C 1170 BC some
oBle_cxFEI4-00210-00051733-00051975 scholars among them Wolfgang Kim again P
oBle_cxFEI4-00211-00051976-00052064 Bosch Jim Peres
oBle_cxFEI4-00212-00052065-00052254 have postulated a europe-wide wave of
oBle_cxFEI4-00213-00052254-00052526 migrations the so-called Dorian invasion
oBle_cxFEI4-00214-00052527-00052773 of Greece was placed in this context as
oBle_cxFEI4-00215-00052774-00052926 well although more recent evidence
oBle_cxFEI4-00216-00052927-00053192 suggests that the Dorian's moved in 1100
oBle_cxFEI4-00217-00053194-00053448 BC into a post Mycenaean vacuum rather
oBle_cxFEI4-00218-00053449-00053703 than precipitating the collapse better
oBle_cxFEI4-00219-00053704-00053882 methods of dating have shown that these
oBle_cxFEI4-00220-00053883-00054078 events are not as closely connected as
oBle_cxFEI4-00221-00054079-00054384 once thought more recently Robert Drew's
oBle_cxFEI4-00222-00054385-00054581 after having reviewed and dismissed the
oBle_cxFEI4-00223-00054582-00054810 migration hypothesis has suggested that
oBle_cxFEI4-00224-00054811-00055029 the observed cultural associations may
oBle_cxFEI4-00225-00055029-00055217 be in fact partly explained as the
oBle_cxFEI4-00226-00055219-00055413 result of a new kind of warfare based
oBle_cxFEI4-00227-00055414-00055674 upon the slashing nau e2 sword and with
oBle_cxFEI4-00228-00055675-00055892 bands of infantry replacing chariots in
oBle_cxFEI4-00229-00055894-00056204 warfare drew suggests that the political
oBle_cxFEI4-00230-00056205-00056354 instability that this brought to
oBle_cxFEI4-00231-00056355-00056565 centralized states based upon Mariano
oBle_cxFEI4-00232-00056566-00056751 chariotry caused the breakdown of these
oBle_cxFEI4-00233-00056752-00057121 polities
oBle_cxFEI4-00234-00057122-00057632 topic settlements
oBle_cxFEI4-00235-00057633-00057829 the number of settlements increased
oBle_cxFEI4-00236-00057830-00058042 sharply in comparison with the preceding
oBle_cxFEI4-00237-00058044-00058342 tumulus culture unfortunately few have
oBle_cxFEI4-00238-00058344-00058661 been comprehensively excavated fortified
oBle_cxFEI4-00239-00058662-00058879 settlements often on hilltops or in
oBle_cxFEI4-00240-00058880-00059048 river bends are typical for the urn
oBle_cxFEI4-00241-00059049-00059297 field culture they are heavily fortified
oBle_cxFEI4-00242-00059298-00059548 with dry stone or wooden ramparts
oBle_cxFEI4-00243-00059549-00059789 excavations of open settlements are rare
oBle_cxFEI4-00244-00059790-00059980 but they show that large three to four
oBle_cxFEI4-00245-00059982-00060194 I'll douse is built with wooden posts in
oBle_cxFEI4-00246-00060195-00060461 wall of wattle and daub were common pit
oBle_cxFEI4-00247-00060462-00060632 dwellings are known as well they might
oBle_cxFEI4-00248-00060633-00061007 have served as cellars
oBle_cxFEI4-00249-00061008-00061526 Topic open settlements
oBle_cxFEI4-00250-00061527-00061807 the houses were one or two I'll some
oBle_cxFEI4-00251-00061808-00062101 were quite small 4.5 meters times 5
oBle_cxFEI4-00252-00062102-00062344 meters at the run der bird Urich Germany
oBle_cxFEI4-00253-00062345-00062594 5 to 8 meters long in cleansing Bavaria
oBle_cxFEI4-00254-00062595-00062924 Germany others up to 20 meters long they
oBle_cxFEI4-00255-00062925-00063101 were built with wooden posts and walls
oBle_cxFEI4-00256-00063102-00063376 of wattle and daub at the Vela Dee's
oBle_cxFEI4-00257-00063377-00063604 settlement of love chickie Moravia Czech
oBle_cxFEI4-00258-00063605-00063894 Republic 44 houses have been excavated
oBle_cxFEI4-00259-00063895-00064175 large bell shaped storage pits are known
oBle_cxFEI4-00260-00064176-00064394 from the Nova's culture the settlement
oBle_cxFEI4-00261-00064395-00064630 of raddimus loonie contained over 100
oBle_cxFEI4-00262-00064632-00064888 pits they were most probably used to
oBle_cxFEI4-00263-00064889-00065038 store grain and demonstrate a
oBle_cxFEI4-00264-00065039-00065497 considerable surplus production
oBle_cxFEI4-00265-00065498-00066000 topic piled dwellings
oBle_cxFEI4-00266-00066001-00066198 on lakes of southern Germany in
oBle_cxFEI4-00267-00066199-00066393 Switzerland numerous piled dwellings
oBle_cxFEI4-00268-00066394-00066648 were constructed they consist either of
oBle_cxFEI4-00269-00066649-00066849 simple one-room houses made of wattle
oBle_cxFEI4-00270-00066850-00067143 and daub or log built the settlement at
oBle_cxFEI4-00271-00067144-00067344 sugg Switzerland was destroyed by fire
oBle_cxFEI4-00272-00067345-00067563 and gives important insights into the
oBle_cxFEI4-00273-00067564-00067731 material culture and the settlement
oBle_cxFEI4-00274-00067732-00067980 organization of this period it has
oBle_cxFEI4-00275-00067981-00068507 yielded a number of dendro dates as well
oBle_cxFEI4-00276-00068508-00068810 topic fortified settlements
oBle_cxFEI4-00277-00068811-00068996 you
oBle_cxFEI4-00278-00068997-00069241 fortified hilltop settlements become
oBle_cxFEI4-00279-00069242-00069475 common in the earn field period often a
oBle_cxFEI4-00280-00069476-00069679 steep spur was used where only part of
oBle_cxFEI4-00281-00069680-00069873 the circumference had to be fortified
oBle_cxFEI4-00282-00069874-00070054 depending on the locally available
oBle_cxFEI4-00283-00070055-00070312 materials dry stone walls gridded
oBle_cxFEI4-00284-00070313-00070510 Timbers filled with stones or soil or
oBle_cxFEI4-00285-00070511-00070714 plank and palisade type Fossen Schlitz
oBle_cxFEI4-00286-00070715-00070981 Malware fortifications were used other
oBle_cxFEI4-00287-00070982-00071209 fortified settlements used rivers bends
oBle_cxFEI4-00288-00071210-00071527 and swampy areas at the hill fort of
oBle_cxFEI4-00289-00071528-00071800 horror vise near beroun CR 50 hectares
oBle_cxFEI4-00290-00071801-00072064 were surrounded by a stone wall most
oBle_cxFEI4-00291-00072065-00072213 settlements are much smaller
oBle_cxFEI4-00292-00072214-00072439 metalworking is concentrated in the
oBle_cxFEI4-00293-00072440-00072652 fortified settlements on the run der
oBle_cxFEI4-00294-00072653-00072931 burg near Urich germany 25 stone molds
oBle_cxFEI4-00295-00072932-00073159 have been found hill firts are
oBle_cxFEI4-00296-00073160-00073390 interpreted as central places some
oBle_cxFEI4-00297-00073391-00073603 scholars see the emergence of hill forts
oBle_cxFEI4-00298-00073604-00073900 as a sign of increased warfare most Hill
oBle_cxFEI4-00299-00073901-00074059 firts were abandoned at the end of the
oBle_cxFEI4-00300-00074060-00074365 Bronze Age as far as we know there are
oBle_cxFEI4-00301-00074366-00074557 no special dwellings for an upper-class
oBle_cxFEI4-00302-00074558-00074771 but few settlements have been excavated
oBle_cxFEI4-00303-00074772-00075079 to any extent in the franche-comté caves
oBle_cxFEI4-00304-00075080-00075289 were used as dwellings perhaps in times
oBle_cxFEI4-00305-00075290-00075703 of trouble
oBle_cxFEI4-00306-00075704-00076199 topic material culture
oBle_cxFEI4-00307-00076200-00076667 topic pottery
oBle_cxFEI4-00308-00076668-00076898 the pottery is normally well made with a
oBle_cxFEI4-00309-00076899-00077101 smooth surface and a normally sharply
oBle_cxFEI4-00310-00077102-00077372 Kerin dated profile some forms are
oBle_cxFEI4-00311-00077373-00077615 thought to imitate metal prototypes by
oBle_cxFEI4-00312-00077616-00077824 conical pots with cylindrical necks are
oBle_cxFEI4-00313-00077825-00078053 especially characteristic there is some
oBle_cxFEI4-00314-00078054-00078266 incised decoration but a large part of
oBle_cxFEI4-00315-00078267-00078462 the surface was normally left plain
oBle_cxFEI4-00316-00078463-00078760 fluted decoration is common in the Swiss
oBle_cxFEI4-00317-00078761-00078982 piled dwellings the incised decoration
oBle_cxFEI4-00318-00078983-00079216 was sometimes inlaid with tin foil
oBle_cxFEI4-00319-00079217-00079472 pottery kilns were already known Elle
oBle_cxFEI4-00320-00079473-00079715 Qing or Cruz Bavaria as is indicated by
oBle_cxFEI4-00321-00079716-00079900 the homogeneous surface of the vessels
oBle_cxFEI4-00322-00079901-00080210 as well other vessels include cups of
oBle_cxFEI4-00323-00080211-00080416 beaten sheep bronze with riveted handles
oBle_cxFEI4-00324-00080417-00080629 type Janissa vise and large cauldrons
oBle_cxFEI4-00325-00080630-00080903 with cross attachments wooden vessels
oBle_cxFEI4-00326-00080904-00081085 have only been preserved in waterlogged
oBle_cxFEI4-00327-00081086-00081301 contexts for example from a veneer
oBle_cxFEI4-00328-00081302-00081469 neuchâtel but may have been quite
oBle_cxFEI4-00329-00081470-00081809 widespread
oBle_cxFEI4-00330-00081810-00082335 topic tools and weapons
oBle_cxFEI4-00331-00082336-00082682 the early urn filled period 1300 BC was
oBle_cxFEI4-00332-00082683-00082860 a time when the Warriors of Central
oBle_cxFEI4-00333-00082861-00083022 Europe could be heavily armored with
oBle_cxFEI4-00334-00083023-00083255 body armor helmets and shields all made
oBle_cxFEI4-00335-00083256-00083490 of bronze most likely borrowing the idea
oBle_cxFEI4-00336-00083491-00083640 from Mycenaean Greece the leaf shape
oBle_cxFEI4-00337-00083641-00083831 turned field sword could be used for
oBle_cxFEI4-00338-00083832-00084029 slashing in contrast to the stabbing
oBle_cxFEI4-00339-00084030-00084234 swords of the preceding tumulus culture
oBle_cxFEI4-00340-00084235-00084569 it commonly possessed a ricasso the hilt
oBle_cxFEI4-00341-00084570-00084773 was normally made from bronze as well
oBle_cxFEI4-00342-00084774-00085007 it was cast separately and consisted of
oBle_cxFEI4-00343-00085008-00085241 a different alloy these solid hilted
oBle_cxFEI4-00344-00085242-00085457 swords were known since bronze d Ric's
oBle_cxFEI4-00345-00085458-00085718 hime swords other swords have tank
oBle_cxFEI4-00346-00085719-00085953 blades and probably had a wood bone or
oBle_cxFEI4-00347-00085954-00086243 antler hilt flange hilted swords had
oBle_cxFEI4-00348-00086244-00086484 organic inlays in the hilt swords
oBle_cxFEI4-00349-00086485-00086675 include a veneer crest borne hammock
oBle_cxFEI4-00350-00086676-00086918 ofin urban hime Morrigan Welton Berg
oBle_cxFEI4-00351-00086919-00087169 hammock ofin and tackle vise types
oBle_cxFEI4-00352-00087170-00087416 protective gear like shields cuirasses
oBle_cxFEI4-00353-00087417-00087647 Greaves and helmets are extremely rare
oBle_cxFEI4-00354-00087648-00087921 and almost never found in burials the
oBle_cxFEI4-00355-00087922-00088124 best-known example of a bronze shield
oBle_cxFEI4-00356-00088125-00088349 comes from Posen in Bohemia and has a
oBle_cxFEI4-00357-00088350-00088480 riveted handhold
oBle_cxFEI4-00358-00088481-00088694 comparable pieces have been found in
oBle_cxFEI4-00359-00088695-00088931 Germany western Poland Denmark Great
oBle_cxFEI4-00360-00088932-00089186 Britain and Ireland they are supposed to
oBle_cxFEI4-00361-00089187-00089330 have been made in Upper Italy or the
oBle_cxFEI4-00362-00089331-00089566 eastern Alps and imitate wooden shields
oBle_cxFEI4-00363-00089567-00089840 Irish bogs have yielded examples of
oBle_cxFEI4-00364-00089841-00090128 leather shields Condren co wexford
oBle_cxFEI4-00365-00090129-00090396 bronze cuirasses are known since bronze
oBle_cxFEI4-00366-00090397-00090810 d caca grave to Slovakia complete bronze
oBle_cxFEI4-00367-00090811-00091037 cuirasses have been found in st. German
oBle_cxFEI4-00368-00091038-00091284 do plain 9 examples one inside the other
oBle_cxFEI4-00369-00091285-00091590 in room s oak Marne France fragments in
oBle_cxFEI4-00370-00091591-00091907 Alba thing in Germany bronze dishes
oBle_cxFEI4-00371-00091908-00092090 valiree may have been sewn on a leather
oBle_cxFEI4-00372-00092091-00092393 armor Greaves of richly decorated sheep
oBle_cxFEI4-00373-00092394-00092555 bronze are known from cloth starry
oBle_cxFEI4-00374-00092556-00092786 Vantage Croatia and the Polish cave near
oBle_cxFEI4-00375-00092787-00093170 Buren Germany
oBle_cxFEI4-00376-00093171-00093654 topic chariots
oBle_cxFEI4-00377-00093655-00093903 about a dozen wagon burials of four
oBle_cxFEI4-00378-00093904-00094098 wheeled wagons with bronze fittings are
oBle_cxFEI4-00379-00094099-00094290 known from the earlier infield period
oBle_cxFEI4-00380-00094291-00094587 they include hardened der alts kr all
oBle_cxFEI4-00381-00094588-00094902 tutting Mangan kr Sigma ring and point
oBle_cxFEI4-00382-00094903-00095295 kr Evers burg königsbrunn kr Heidenheim
oBle_cxFEI4-00383-00095296-00095517 from Germany and st. Sulpice vaad
oBle_cxFEI4-00384-00095518-00095799 Switzerland in Al's the chariot had been
oBle_cxFEI4-00385-00095800-00096003 placed on the pyre pieces of bone are
oBle_cxFEI4-00386-00096004-00096177 attached to the partially melted metal
oBle_cxFEI4-00387-00096178-00096504 of the axles bronze one part bits appear
oBle_cxFEI4-00388-00096505-00096756 at the same time two part horse bits are
oBle_cxFEI4-00389-00096757-00096978 only known from later and field contexts
oBle_cxFEI4-00390-00096979-00097248 and maybe due to Eastern influence wood
oBle_cxFEI4-00391-00097249-00097425 and bronze spoked wheels are known from
oBle_cxFEI4-00392-00097426-00097659 state Germany a wooden spoked wheel from
oBle_cxFEI4-00393-00097660-00097944 Mercury Joe Italy wooden dish wheels
oBle_cxFEI4-00394-00097945-00098127 have been excavated at Corsa let's
oBle_cxFEI4-00395-00098128-00098340 Switzerland and the wasser burg buck au
oBle_cxFEI4-00396-00098341-00098606 Germany diameter 80 centimetres in
oBle_cxFEI4-00397-00098607-00098952 Miller v near Damas 'less Bohemia a four
oBle_cxFEI4-00398-00098953-00099174 wheeled miniature bronze wegen bearing a
oBle_cxFEI4-00399-00099175-00099408 large cauldron diameter 30 centimetres
oBle_cxFEI4-00400-00099409-00099693 contained a cremation this exceptionally
oBle_cxFEI4-00401-00099694-00099906 rich burial was covered by a Barrow the
oBle_cxFEI4-00402-00099907-00100131 wagon from at Joel's house in Bavaria
oBle_cxFEI4-00403-00100132-00100467 comes from a male burial such wagons are
oBle_cxFEI4-00404-00100468-00100650 known from the Nordic Bronze Age as well
oBle_cxFEI4-00405-00100651-00100923 the scholar of wagon denmark contained a
oBle_cxFEI4-00406-00100924-00101186 cremation as well at Pekka tell kr
oBle_cxFEI4-00407-00101187-00101475 Vareen in Mecklenburg a cauldron wagon
oBle_cxFEI4-00408-00101476-00101673 and other rich grave Goods accompanied
oBle_cxFEI4-00409-00101674-00101898 an intimation under a barrow mont elias
oBle_cxFEI4-00410-00101899-00102002 3iv
oBle_cxFEI4-00411-00102003-00102267 another example comes from Ystad in
oBle_cxFEI4-00412-00102268-00102531 sweden southeastern European examples
oBle_cxFEI4-00413-00102532-00102756 include Kenya in Hungary and/or st and
oBle_cxFEI4-00414-00102757-00103041 Romania clay miniature wagons sometimes
oBle_cxFEI4-00415-00103042-00103208 with waterfowl were known there since
oBle_cxFEI4-00416-00103209-00103455 the middle Bronze Age do Playa Vojvodina
oBle_cxFEI4-00417-00103456-00103800 Serbia the lusatian chariot from burg
oBle_cxFEI4-00418-00103801-00104057 brandenburg germany has three wheels on
oBle_cxFEI4-00419-00104058-00104279 a single axle on which waterfowl perch
oBle_cxFEI4-00420-00104280-00104636 the grave of gamut engine KR sigma-ring
oBle_cxFEI4-00421-00104638-00104885 in germany contained two socketed horned
oBle_cxFEI4-00422-00104886-00105102 applications that probably belonged to a
oBle_cxFEI4-00423-00105103-00105300 miniature wagon comparable to the burg
oBle_cxFEI4-00424-00105301-00105513 example together with six miniature
oBle_cxFEI4-00425-00105514-00105867 spoked wheels
oBle_cxFEI4-00426-00105868-00106333 topic hoards
oBle_cxFEI4-00427-00106333-00106558 hordes are very common in the earn field
oBle_cxFEI4-00428-00106558-00106792 culture the custom is abandoned at the
oBle_cxFEI4-00429-00106793-00106918 end of the Bronze Age
oBle_cxFEI4-00430-00106919-00107140 they were often deposited in rivers in
oBle_cxFEI4-00431-00107141-00107389 wet places like swamps as these spots
oBle_cxFEI4-00432-00107390-00107593 were often quite inaccessible they most
oBle_cxFEI4-00433-00107594-00107786 probably represent gifts to the gods
oBle_cxFEI4-00434-00107788-00108073 other hoards contain either broken or
oBle_cxFEI4-00435-00108074-00108241 miscast objects that were probably
oBle_cxFEI4-00436-00108242-00108492 intended for reused by bronze Smith's as
oBle_cxFEI4-00437-00108493-00108766 later in field hoards often contain the
oBle_cxFEI4-00438-00108767-00108970 same range of objects as earlier graves
oBle_cxFEI4-00439-00108971-00109177 some scholars interpret hoarding as a
oBle_cxFEI4-00440-00109178-00109383 way to supply personal equipment for the
oBle_cxFEI4-00441-00109384-00109450 Hereafter
oBle_cxFEI4-00442-00109451-00109750 in the river trio coats du Nord complete
oBle_cxFEI4-00443-00109751-00109927 swords were found together with numerous
oBle_cxFEI4-00444-00109928-00110107 antlers of red deer that may have had a
oBle_cxFEI4-00445-00110108-00110540 religious significance as well
oBle_cxFEI4-00446-00110541-00110997 topic iron
oBle_cxFEI4-00447-00110998-00111300 an iron ring from voir world kr Graff
oBle_cxFEI4-00448-00111301-00111515 shaft deep holes Germany dating to the
oBle_cxFEI4-00449-00111516-00111761 15th century BC is the earliest evidence
oBle_cxFEI4-00450-00111763-00112037 of iron in Central Europe during the
oBle_cxFEI4-00451-00112038-00112235 Late Bronze Age iron was used to
oBle_cxFEI4-00452-00112236-00112449 decorate the hilt of swords sway Vishal
oBle_cxFEI4-00453-00112450-00112673 Galen Kirchen unter Crum bach ke are
oBle_cxFEI4-00454-00112674-00112956 hers brick and knives dodging Heusen
oBle_cxFEI4-00455-00112957-00113285 Clattenburg germany and pins the use of
oBle_cxFEI4-00456-00113286-00113493 iron for weapons and domestic items in
oBle_cxFEI4-00457-00113494-00113663 europe only started in the following
oBle_cxFEI4-00458-00113664-00113949 hallstatt culture the widespread use of
oBle_cxFEI4-00459-00113950-00114156 iron for tools only occurred in the late
oBle_cxFEI4-00460-00114157-00114725 I in a gelatin a culture
oBle_cxFEI4-00461-00114726-00115122 economy
oBle_cxFEI4-00462-00115123-00115422 cattle pigs sheep and goats were kept as
oBle_cxFEI4-00463-00115423-00115739 well as horses dogs and geese the cattle
oBle_cxFEI4-00464-00115740-00115991 were rather small with a height of 1.20
oBle_cxFEI4-00465-00115992-00116252 metres at the withers horses were not
oBle_cxFEI4-00466-00116253-00116570 much bigger with a mean of 1.25 metres
oBle_cxFEI4-00467-00116571-00116816 forest clearance was intensive in the
oBle_cxFEI4-00468-00116817-00117059 urn field period probably open meadows
oBle_cxFEI4-00469-00117060-00117260 were created for the first time as shown
oBle_cxFEI4-00470-00117261-00117566 by pollen analysis this led to increased
oBle_cxFEI4-00471-00117567-00117797 erosion and sediment load of the river's
oBle_cxFEI4-00472-00117798-00118076 weed and barley were cultivated together
oBle_cxFEI4-00473-00118077-00118340 with pulses in the horse beam poppy
oBle_cxFEI4-00474-00118341-00118548 seeds were used for oil or as a drug
oBle_cxFEI4-00475-00118549-00118784 millet and oats were cultivated for the
oBle_cxFEI4-00476-00118785-00119000 first time in Hungary and Bohemia rye
oBle_cxFEI4-00477-00119001-00119208 was already cultivated further west it
oBle_cxFEI4-00478-00119208-00119483 was only a noxious wheat flax seems to
oBle_cxFEI4-00479-00119484-00119654 have been of reduced importance maybe
oBle_cxFEI4-00480-00119655-00119938 because mainly wool was used for clothes
oBle_cxFEI4-00481-00119939-00120050 hazelnuts
oBle_cxFEI4-00482-00120051-00120297 apples pears SLOS and acorns were
oBle_cxFEI4-00483-00120298-00120582 collected some rich graves contain bran
oBle_cxFEI4-00484-00120583-00120776 SIVs that have been interpreted as wine
oBle_cxFEI4-00485-00120777-00120827 SIVs
oBle_cxFEI4-00486-00120828-00121091 hardened der Al's this beverage would
oBle_cxFEI4-00487-00121092-00121248 have been imported from the south but
oBle_cxFEI4-00488-00121249-00121555 supporting evidence is lacking
oBle_cxFEI4-00489-00121556-00121744 in the lacustrine settlement of Zug
oBle_cxFEI4-00490-00121745-00121942 remains of a broth made of spelt and
oBle_cxFEI4-00491-00121943-00122158 millet have been found in the lower
oBle_cxFEI4-00492-00122158-00122341 Rhine er in fields leavened bread was
oBle_cxFEI4-00493-00122342-00122511 often placed on the pyre and burnt
oBle_cxFEI4-00494-00122513-00122800 fragments have thus been preserved wool
oBle_cxFEI4-00495-00122801-00123001 was spun fines of spindle walls are
oBle_cxFEI4-00496-00123002-00123175 common and woven on the warp weighted
oBle_cxFEI4-00497-00123176-00123391 loom bronze needles under old Enon were
oBle_cxFEI4-00498-00123392-00123673 used for sewing there is some suggestion
oBle_cxFEI4-00499-00123674-00123901 that the urn field culture is associated
oBle_cxFEI4-00500-00123902-00124083 with a wetter climatic period than the
oBle_cxFEI4-00501-00124084-00124342 earlier tumulus cultures this may be
oBle_cxFEI4-00502-00124343-00124528 associated with the diversion of the
oBle_cxFEI4-00503-00124529-00124726 mid-latitude winter storms north of the
oBle_cxFEI4-00504-00124727-00124930 pyrenees in the alps possibly associated
oBle_cxFEI4-00505-00124931-00125101 with drier conditions in the
oBle_cxFEI4-00506-00125102-00125569 mediterranean basin
oBle_cxFEI4-00507-00125570-00126071 soppec funerary customs
oBle_cxFEI4-00508-00126072-00126551 topic graves
oBle_cxFEI4-00509-00126552-00126773 in the tumulus period multiple
oBle_cxFEI4-00510-00126774-00126977 informations under barrows were common
oBle_cxFEI4-00511-00126978-00127163 at least for the upper levels of society
oBle_cxFEI4-00512-00127164-00127483 in the urn field period inhumation and
oBle_cxFEI4-00513-00127484-00127711 burial in single flat graves prevails
oBle_cxFEI4-00514-00127713-00127973 though some barrows exist in the
oBle_cxFEI4-00515-00127974-00128177 earliest phases of the urn field period
oBle_cxFEI4-00516-00128178-00128390 man-shaped graves were dug sometimes
oBle_cxFEI4-00517-00128391-00128584 provided with a stone lined floor in
oBle_cxFEI4-00518-00128585-00128747 which the cremated remains of the
oBle_cxFEI4-00519-00128748-00129038 deceased were spread only later burial
oBle_cxFEI4-00520-00129039-00129290 in urns became prevalent some scholars
oBle_cxFEI4-00521-00129291-00129464 speculate that this may have marked a
oBle_cxFEI4-00522-00129465-00129665 fundamental shift in people's beliefs or
oBle_cxFEI4-00523-00129666-00129947 myths about life in the afterlife the
oBle_cxFEI4-00524-00129948-00130148 size of the urn fields is variable in
oBle_cxFEI4-00525-00130149-00130382 bavaria they can contain hundreds of
oBle_cxFEI4-00526-00130383-00130589 burials while the largest cemetery in
oBle_cxFEI4-00527-00130590-00130766 Baden württemberg iNDOT merchant has
oBle_cxFEI4-00528-00130767-00131078 only 30 graves the dead were placed on
oBle_cxFEI4-00529-00131079-00131282 pyres covered in their personal jewelry
oBle_cxFEI4-00530-00131283-00131501 which often shows traces of the fire and
oBle_cxFEI4-00531-00131502-00131768 sometimes food offerings the cremated
oBle_cxFEI4-00532-00131769-00131981 bone remains are much larger than in the
oBle_cxFEI4-00533-00131982-00132188 Roman period which indicates that less
oBle_cxFEI4-00534-00132189-00132452 wood was used often the bones have been
oBle_cxFEI4-00535-00132453-00132773 incompletely collected most urn fields
oBle_cxFEI4-00536-00132774-00132929 are abandoned with the end of the Bronze
oBle_cxFEI4-00537-00132930-00133133 Age only the lower Rhine urn fields
oBle_cxFEI4-00538-00133134-00133331 continued in use in the early Iron Age
oBle_cxFEI4-00539-00133332-00133727 haci sometimes even D the cremated bones
oBle_cxFEI4-00540-00133728-00133997 could be placed in simple pits sometimes
oBle_cxFEI4-00541-00133998-00134183 the dense concentration of the bones
oBle_cxFEI4-00542-00134184-00134375 indicates a container of organic
oBle_cxFEI4-00543-00134376-00134603 material sometimes the bones were simply
oBle_cxFEI4-00544-00134604-00134873 shattered if the bones were placed in
oBle_cxFEI4-00545-00134874-00135041 urns these were often covered by a
oBle_cxFEI4-00546-00135042-00135326 shallow bowl or a stone in a special
oBle_cxFEI4-00547-00135327-00135554 type of burial bell graves the urns are
oBle_cxFEI4-00548-00135555-00135758 completely covered by an inverted larger
oBle_cxFEI4-00549-00135759-00136058 vessel as graves rarely overlap they may
oBle_cxFEI4-00550-00136059-00136226 have been marked by wooden posts or
oBle_cxFEI4-00551-00136227-00136559 stones stone pacing graves are typical
oBle_cxFEI4-00552-00136560-00136990 of the unstruck group
oBle_cxFEI4-00553-00136991-00137442 topic grave gifts
oBle_cxFEI4-00554-00137443-00137697 the urn containing the cremated bones is
oBle_cxFEI4-00555-00137698-00137871 often accompanied by other smaller
oBle_cxFEI4-00556-00137872-00138186 ceramic vessels like bowls and cups they
oBle_cxFEI4-00557-00138187-00138426 may have contained food the urn is often
oBle_cxFEI4-00558-00138427-00138588 placed in the center of the assemblage
oBle_cxFEI4-00559-00138589-00138825 often these vessels have not been placed
oBle_cxFEI4-00560-00138826-00139083 on the pyre metal grave gifts include
oBle_cxFEI4-00561-00139084-00139275 razors weapons that often have been
oBle_cxFEI4-00562-00139276-00139433 deliberately destroyed bent or broken
oBle_cxFEI4-00563-00139434-00139788 bracelets pendants and pins metal Grave
oBle_cxFEI4-00564-00139789-00139989 gifts become rarer towards the end of
oBle_cxFEI4-00565-00139990-00140163 the urn field culture while the number
oBle_cxFEI4-00566-00140164-00140457 of hoards increase burnt animal bones
oBle_cxFEI4-00567-00140458-00140607 are often found they may have been
oBle_cxFEI4-00568-00140608-00140865 placed on the pyre as food the Marten
oBle_cxFEI4-00569-00140866-00141042 bones in the grave of seden may have
oBle_cxFEI4-00570-00141043-00141354 belonged to a garment Pelt emperor glass
oBle_cxFEI4-00571-00141355-00141883 beads fall bout are luxury items
oBle_cxFEI4-00572-00141884-00142424 topic upper class graves
oBle_cxFEI4-00573-00142425-00142658 upper-class burials were placed in
oBle_cxFEI4-00574-00142659-00142886 wooden chambers rarely stone cysts or
oBle_cxFEI4-00575-00142887-00143087 chambers with a stone paved floor and
oBle_cxFEI4-00576-00143088-00143321 covered with a Barrow or Karen the
oBle_cxFEI4-00577-00143322-00143528 graves contain especially finely made
oBle_cxFEI4-00578-00143529-00143771 pottery animal bones usually pork
oBle_cxFEI4-00579-00143772-00143987 sometimes gold rings or sheets in
oBle_cxFEI4-00580-00143988-00144329 exceptional cases miniature wagons some
oBle_cxFEI4-00581-00144330-00144497 of these rich burials contain the
oBle_cxFEI4-00582-00144498-00144761 remains of more than one person in this
oBle_cxFEI4-00583-00144762-00144956 case women and children are normally
oBle_cxFEI4-00584-00144957-00145229 seen as sacrifices until more is known
oBle_cxFEI4-00585-00145230-00145436 about the status distribution and the
oBle_cxFEI4-00586-00145437-00145619 social structure of the Late Bronze Age
oBle_cxFEI4-00587-00145620-00145808 this interpretation should be viewed
oBle_cxFEI4-00588-00145809-00146117 with caution however towards the end of
oBle_cxFEI4-00589-00146118-00146312 the urn field period some bodies were
oBle_cxFEI4-00590-00146313-00146552 burned in situ and then covered by a
oBle_cxFEI4-00591-00146553-00146744 barrow reminiscent of the burial of
oBle_cxFEI4-00592-00146745-00146963 Patroclus as described by Homer and the
oBle_cxFEI4-00593-00146964-00147158 burial of Beowulf with the additional
oBle_cxFEI4-00594-00147159-00147419 ship burial element in the early iron
oBle_cxFEI4-00595-00147420-00147948 age inhumation became the rule again
oBle_cxFEI4-00596-00147949-00148437 topic cult
oBle_cxFEI4-00597-00148438-00148659 the kif Houser caves in Thuringia
oBle_cxFEI4-00598-00148660-00148863 contain headless skeletons and split
oBle_cxFEI4-00599-00148864-00149034 human and animal bones that have been
oBle_cxFEI4-00600-00149035-00149354 interpreted as sacrifices other deposits
oBle_cxFEI4-00601-00149355-00149583 include grain knotted vegetable fibers
oBle_cxFEI4-00602-00149584-00149765 and hair and bronze objects axes
oBle_cxFEI4-00603-00149766-00150138 pendants and pins the i-th caves Lower
oBle_cxFEI4-00604-00150139-00150381 Saxony have yielded comparative material
oBle_cxFEI4-00605-00150382-00150696 in the novus culture human bones with
oBle_cxFEI4-00606-00150697-00150882 cut marks and traces of burning have
oBle_cxFEI4-00607-00150883-00151125 been found in settlement pits they have
oBle_cxFEI4-00608-00151126-00151265 been interpreted as evidence for
oBle_cxFEI4-00609-00151266-00151518 cannibalism as these bones form a large
oBle_cxFEI4-00610-00151519-00151710 part of the burials known this may have
oBle_cxFEI4-00611-00151711-00151908 been a quite regular treatment including
oBle_cxFEI4-00612-00151909-00152049 the ritual manipulation and
oBle_cxFEI4-00613-00152050-00152343 dismemberment of human corpses moon
oBle_cxFEI4-00614-00152344-00152526 shaped clay fire dogs are thought to
oBle_cxFEI4-00615-00152527-00152733 have a religious significance as well as
oBle_cxFEI4-00616-00152734-00153029 crescent-shaped raisers an obsession
oBle_cxFEI4-00617-00153030-00153186 with water birds as indicated by
oBle_cxFEI4-00618-00153187-00153387 numerous pictures and three-dimensional
oBle_cxFEI4-00619-00153388-00153660 representations combined with the hoards
oBle_cxFEI4-00620-00153661-00153866 deposited in rivers and swamps it
oBle_cxFEI4-00621-00153867-00154068 indicates religious beliefs connected
oBle_cxFEI4-00622-00154069-00154323 with water this has led some scholars to
oBle_cxFEI4-00623-00154324-00154512 believe in serious droughts during the
oBle_cxFEI4-00624-00154513-00154812 Late Bronze Age sometimes the water
oBle_cxFEI4-00625-00154813-00155031 birds are combined with circles the so
oBle_cxFEI4-00626-00155032-00155536 called Sun bark motif
oBle_cxFEI4-00627-00155537-00155996 topic see also
oBle_cxFEI4-00628-00155997-00156446 beaker culture sir adaptiq language urn
oBle_cxFEI4-00629-00156447-00156882 field culture numerals
oBle_cxFEI4-00630-00156883-00157416 topic references
oBle_cxFEI4-00631-00157417-00157956 topic bibliography
oBle_cxFEI4-00632-00157957-00158327 JM Cole's a F parting the Bronze Age in
oBle_cxFEI4-00633-00158328-00158808 Europe London 1979 G Webber Hendler
oBle_cxFEI4-00634-00158809-00159294 keager runs a earr castle 1992 utside L
oBle_cxFEI4-00635-00159295-00159546 bronze at site Wurttemberg Isha's land s
oBle_cxFEI4-00636-00159547-00159977 museum Stuttgart Stuttgart 1995 Conrad
oBle_cxFEI4-00637-00159978-00160218 jazz dusky or gay sheesh to Midler AAPIs
oBle_cxFEI4-00638-00160219-00160637 wrote swath 1984 Association of Bayda
oBle_cxFEI4-00639-00160638-00161009 Dollaz EDS Avant less outs Lear of the
oBle_cxFEI4-00640-00161010-00161433 lodge do bronze Dollaz 1988 Franz thoose
oBle_cxFEI4-00641-00161434-00161759 Nico Romans EDS land and ancestors
oBle_cxFEI4-00642-00161760-00161951 cultural dynamics in the urn filled
oBle_cxFEI4-00643-00161952-00162132 period and the Middle Ages in the
oBle_cxFEI4-00644-00162133-00162277 southern netherlands amsterdam
oBle_cxFEI4-00645-00162278-00162491 archeological studies Amsterdam
oBle_cxFEI4-00646-00162492-00162896 University Press 1999 ISBN nine seven
oBle_cxFEI4-00647-00162897-00163151 eight nine oh five three five six two
oBle_cxFEI4-00648-00163152-00163631 seven eight nine
oBle_cxFEI4-00649-00163632-00164171 topic external links
oBle_cxFEI4-00650-00164172-00164420 media related to earn field culture at
oBle_cxFEI4-00651-00164421-00164681 Wikimedia Commons
oBpcbhGVp70-00000-00000000-00000245 dear friends who have gone on to
oBpcbhGVp70-00001-00000246-00000523 gone on to be with the Lord praise God
oBpcbhGVp70-00002-00000524-00000827 and she was so famous she was so famous
oBpcbhGVp70-00003-00000827-00001025 and she let me know that I really didn't
oBpcbhGVp70-00004-00001026-00001277 want to be famous uh was Whitney Houston
oBpcbhGVp70-00005-00001278-00001450 right she was my dear sister and friend
oBpcbhGVp70-00006-00001451-00001570 and
oBpcbhGVp70-00007-00001571-00001768 and I remember she was about to do one
oBpcbhGVp70-00008-00001769-00002117 of her big videos and uh it was I'm
oBpcbhGVp70-00009-00002118-00002309 every woman it's a great video right
oBpcbhGVp70-00010-00002310-00002645 really nice good good the song is when
oBpcbhGVp70-00011-00002646-00002842 you think about how it was written as a
oBpcbhGVp70-00012-00002843-00003058 great song right but the lyrics Don't
oBpcbhGVp70-00013-00003059-00003293 line up with the word of God right so
oBpcbhGVp70-00014-00003294-00003497 she knew she said CeCe I want you to be
oBpcbhGVp70-00015-00003497-00003593 in this video but I know you're not
oBpcbhGVp70-00016-00003594-00003683 going to be in it I said you're
oBpcbhGVp70-00017-00003684-00003875 absolutely right
oBpcbhGVp70-00018-00003876-00004061 because it started off with I could cast
oBpcbhGVp70-00019-00004061-00004565 the spell I'm not singing that
oBpcbhGVp70-00020-00004566-00004799 but but notice how that message was all
oBpcbhGVp70-00021-00004800-00004961 wrapped up in the beat right y'all get
oBpcbhGVp70-00022-00004962-00005183 so hooked onto these beats and it's like
oBpcbhGVp70-00023-00005184-00005333 demonic
oBpcbhGVp70-00024-00005334-00005543 you're listening to demonic stuff and
oBpcbhGVp70-00025-00005544-00005686 you wonder why you don't know what's
oBpcbhGVp70-00026-00005687-00005915 going on
oBpcbhGVp70-00027-00005916-00006157 right
oD-HkTXby5u-00000-00000088-00000359 hello everyone and welcome to this video
oD-HkTXby5u-00001-00000360-00000599 tutorial on how to get started with
oD-HkTXby5u-00002-00000600-00000711 ajuratos
oD-HkTXby5u-00003-00000712-00000975 expansion package from st my name is
oD-HkTXby5u-00004-00000976-00001183 massimo panzika principal application
oD-HkTXby5u-00005-00001184-00001383 engineer at st in microcontroller
oD-HkTXby5u-00006-00001384-00001478 division
oD-HkTXby5u-00007-00001479-00001782 let's get started
oD-HkTXby5u-00008-00001784-00002030 well after a very short introduction to
oD-HkTXby5u-00009-00002032-00002271 our stm32 cube ecosystem
oD-HkTXby5u-00010-00002272-00002599 and this new mtd agilertos middlewares
oD-HkTXby5u-00011-00002600-00002775 we're gonna see what this package is
oD-HkTXby5u-00012-00002776-00003015 about and how it's fully integrated into
oD-HkTXby5u-00013-00003016-00003238 stm32 cube mx
oD-HkTXby5u-00014-00003239-00003454 and this is going to be the fun part
oD-HkTXby5u-00015-00003455-00003638 we'll see how to get started creating
oD-HkTXby5u-00016-00003639-00003863 our first ajuratos project
oD-HkTXby5u-00017-00003864-00004199 for stm32h7 also
oD-HkTXby5u-00018-00004200-00004383 we are going to show all the relevant
oD-HkTXby5u-00019-00004384-00004567 resources and collaterals
oD-HkTXby5u-00020-00004568-00004767 in order for you to easily move on with
oD-HkTXby5u-00021-00004768-00005070 your own azure lattos projects
oD-HkTXby5u-00022-00005071-00005238 if you are not yet familiar with our
oD-HkTXby5u-00023-00005239-00005391 stm32 cube
oD-HkTXby5u-00024-00005392-00005622 this software ecosystem for stm32
oD-HkTXby5u-00025-00005623-00005727 microcontrollers
oD-HkTXby5u-00026-00005728-00005983 is made and supported by st and is
oD-HkTXby5u-00027-00005984-00006183 completely free of charge for all the
oD-HkTXby5u-00028-00006184-00006478 stm32 developers
oD-HkTXby5u-00029-00006479-00006742 we do offer a complete set of c software
oD-HkTXby5u-00030-00006743-00006823 tools for
oD-HkTXby5u-00031-00006823-00007031 initial project configuration and code
oD-HkTXby5u-00032-00007031-00007198 generation stm32
oD-HkTXby5u-00033-00007200-00007510 cube mx for development and debugging
oD-HkTXby5u-00034-00007511-00007806 stm32 cube ide for programming and
oD-HkTXby5u-00035-00007808-00007978 option byte configuration
oD-HkTXby5u-00036-00007979-00008287 stm32q programmer and for long term and
oD-HkTXby5u-00037-00008288-00008535 non-intrusive application monitoring
oD-HkTXby5u-00038-00008536-00008839 stm32 cube monitor all our tools are
oD-HkTXby5u-00039-00008840-00008991 available for windows
oD-HkTXby5u-00040-00008992-00009503 linux or mac os operating systems
oD-HkTXby5u-00041-00009504-00009823 complement 2 pc tools are the stm32 cube
oD-HkTXby5u-00042-00009824-00010095 mcu packages that for each individual
oD-HkTXby5u-00043-00010096-00010271 stm32 series
oD-HkTXby5u-00044-00010272-00010551 include hardware abstraction layer low
oD-HkTXby5u-00045-00010552-00010663 level drivers
oD-HkTXby5u-00046-00010664-00011014 and middle versions on top of it stm32
oD-HkTXby5u-00047-00011015-00011206 cube expansion packages
oD-HkTXby5u-00048-00011207-00011495 are additional sets of middleweights or
oD-HkTXby5u-00049-00011496-00011942 examples for stm32
oD-HkTXby5u-00050-00011943-00012159 with microsoft azure toast integration
oD-HkTXby5u-00051-00012160-00012295 in our ecosystem
oD-HkTXby5u-00052-00012296-00012495 our middleware offer is going to change
oD-HkTXby5u-00053-00012496-00012631 and improve
oD-HkTXby5u-00054-00012632-00012822 we are going to move our main operating
oD-HkTXby5u-00055-00012823-00012935 system offer from
oD-HkTXby5u-00056-00012936-00013238 friartos to azura tostredx
oD-HkTXby5u-00057-00013240-00013503 filex will become our primary offer for
oD-HkTXby5u-00058-00013504-00013599 file system and
oD-HkTXby5u-00059-00013600-00013903 will replace the existing fat fs
oD-HkTXby5u-00060-00013904-00014191 a jurassic text duo will replace the low
oD-HkTXby5u-00061-00014191-00014415 ip middleware for tcp ip
oD-HkTXby5u-00062-00014416-00014815 and azurartos usbx will replace st usb
oD-HkTXby5u-00063-00014816-00014991 device and host libraries
oD-HkTXby5u-00064-00014991-00015303 for usb that said
oD-HkTXby5u-00065-00015304-00015494 our legacy middleware offer will
oD-HkTXby5u-00066-00015495-00015783 continue to be available on a sticky tab
oD-HkTXby5u-00067-00015784-00015999 and our customers can still continue to
oD-HkTXby5u-00068-00016000-00016263 access it and use it into existing
oD-HkTXby5u-00069-00016263-00016630 or potentially new projects but let me
oD-HkTXby5u-00070-00016631-00016855 say that with the azure auto software
oD-HkTXby5u-00071-00016856-00017022 into our ecosystem
oD-HkTXby5u-00072-00017023-00017263 we are bringing important key features
oD-HkTXby5u-00073-00017264-00017415 fast performance
oD-HkTXby5u-00074-00017416-00017630 a complete and consistent professional
oD-HkTXby5u-00075-00017631-00017727 solution
oD-HkTXby5u-00076-00017728-00017991 and industry certification for a faster
oD-HkTXby5u-00077-00017992-00018101 go to market
oD-HkTXby5u-00078-00018102-00018239 [Music]
oD-HkTXby5u-00079-00018240-00018479 at the time this video is recorded st
oD-HkTXby5u-00080-00018480-00018727 provides a complete adjuratos expansion
oD-HkTXby5u-00081-00018728-00018783 package
oD-HkTXby5u-00082-00018784-00019158 for stm52h7 with a lot of ready-to-use
oD-HkTXby5u-00083-00019159-00019271 examples
oD-HkTXby5u-00084-00019272-00019639 for tradex filex usbx and netex
oD-HkTXby5u-00085-00019640-00019975 duo on different h7 parts
oD-HkTXby5u-00086-00019976-00020255 single and dual core lines and on
oD-HkTXby5u-00087-00020256-00020511 different boards
oD-HkTXby5u-00088-00020512-00020978 examples are available for nucleoh723
oD-HkTXby5u-00089-00020979-00021307 stm32h735 discovery kit
oD-HkTXby5u-00090-00021308-00021535 sm32h747 discovery kit
oD-HkTXby5u-00091-00021536-00021983 and stm32h743 evaluation board
oD-HkTXby5u-00092-00021984-00022271 we are going to use the nucleoh723dg in
oD-HkTXby5u-00093-00022272-00022463 this tutorial
oD-HkTXby5u-00094-00022464-00022655 the provided examples can be easily
oD-HkTXby5u-00095-00022656-00022847 ported to any other supported
oD-HkTXby5u-00096-00022848-00023175 device and development board
oD-HkTXby5u-00097-00023176-00023494 also let me add that ajuratos support
oD-HkTXby5u-00098-00023495-00023527 for
oD-HkTXby5u-00099-00023528-00023855 other stm32 families is moving very fast
oD-HkTXby5u-00100-00023856-00023886 and
oD-HkTXby5u-00101-00023887-00024191 you might have your favorite stm32 part
oD-HkTXby5u-00102-00024192-00024286 and board
oD-HkTXby5u-00103-00024287-00024494 already supported awfully by the time
oD-HkTXby5u-00104-00024495-00024630 you watch this video
oD-HkTXby5u-00105-00024631-00024927 or very soon otherwise so please check
oD-HkTXby5u-00106-00024928-00025175 it out
oD-HkTXby5u-00107-00025176-00025439 well you can start with ajuratos in
oD-HkTXby5u-00108-00025440-00025591 different ways
oD-HkTXby5u-00109-00025592-00025918 you can get it from sd.com visiting our
oD-HkTXby5u-00110-00025919-00026039 landing page
oD-HkTXby5u-00111-00026039-00026311 in this case a self-contained package
oD-HkTXby5u-00112-00026312-00026511 with azure dos middlewares
oD-HkTXby5u-00113-00026512-00026902 cubemx files and ready to use examples
oD-HkTXby5u-00114-00026904-00027223 is available to you or you can get it
oD-HkTXby5u-00115-00027224-00027383 from a sticky tab
oD-HkTXby5u-00116-00027383-00027590 or the limitation in this case would be
oD-HkTXby5u-00117-00027591-00027758 that you cannot configure
oD-HkTXby5u-00118-00027760-00028270 adjuratos middleware using stm32cubemx
oD-HkTXby5u-00119-00028272-00028655 or you can simply start from stm32cubemx
oD-HkTXby5u-00120-00028656-00029014 or stm32 cube id and this is our
oD-HkTXby5u-00121-00029016-00029174 favorite choice today
oD-HkTXby5u-00122-00029175-00029646 so let's open stm32 cubemx tool
oD-HkTXby5u-00123-00029647-00029870 now first thing is to install the
oD-HkTXby5u-00124-00029872-00030167 executable jurartos h7 software package
oD-HkTXby5u-00125-00030168-00030479 so click on the install remove button
oD-HkTXby5u-00126-00030480-00030662 and because we are looking for expansion
oD-HkTXby5u-00127-00030663-00030911 packages let's move to the second tab
oD-HkTXby5u-00128-00030912-00031135 and let's refresh the list with the
oD-HkTXby5u-00129-00031136-00031310 latest available versions
oD-HkTXby5u-00130-00031311-00031462 [Music]
oD-HkTXby5u-00131-00031463-00031646 we can now select the last available
oD-HkTXby5u-00132-00031647-00031967 version of ajuratto's expansion package
oD-HkTXby5u-00133-00031968-00032231 version 100 at the time this video is
oD-HkTXby5u-00134-00032232-00032335 recorded
oD-HkTXby5u-00135-00032336-00033231 and we can install it
oD-HkTXby5u-00136-00033232-00033383 [Music]
oD-HkTXby5u-00137-00033384-00033631 and once the agile artist is installed
oD-HkTXby5u-00138-00033632-00033823 we can close this window
oD-HkTXby5u-00139-00033824-00034199 and we start using it
oD-HkTXby5u-00140-00034200-00034455 now we have different ways to start our
oD-HkTXby5u-00141-00034456-00034615 address project
oD-HkTXby5u-00142-00034616-00034887 we can start selecting our favorite h7
oD-HkTXby5u-00143-00034888-00034935 part
oD-HkTXby5u-00144-00034936-00035231 or our favorite h7 board and then we can
oD-HkTXby5u-00145-00035232-00035446 add the adjuratos middleware that we
oD-HkTXby5u-00146-00035447-00035599 need for our project
oD-HkTXby5u-00147-00035600-00035830 or and that's what we're going to do we
oD-HkTXby5u-00148-00035831-00035983 can select an existing
oD-HkTXby5u-00149-00035984-00036518 azure toss example for a very easy start
oD-HkTXby5u-00150-00036519-00036807 now we offer tons of examples so let's
oD-HkTXby5u-00151-00036808-00037023 apply some filters in order to select
oD-HkTXby5u-00152-00037024-00037343 only the azure tos ones
oD-HkTXby5u-00153-00037344-00037671 we are looking for stm32h7
oD-HkTXby5u-00154-00037672-00038127 and for rtos examples
oD-HkTXby5u-00155-00038128-00038495 then you can use tx underscore prefix
oD-HkTXby5u-00156-00038496-00038927 in order to list the tradex examples
oD-HkTXby5u-00157-00038928-00039383 fx underscore for filex examples
oD-HkTXby5u-00158-00039384-00039687 ux for usbx
oD-HkTXby5u-00159-00039688-00040143 nx for netex dual examples
oD-HkTXby5u-00160-00040144-00040318 let's start with a simple thread
oD-HkTXby5u-00161-00040319-00040471 creation example
oD-HkTXby5u-00162-00040472-00040774 for our nucleo h723
oD-HkTXby5u-00163-00040775-00040983 selecting the example you get all the
oD-HkTXby5u-00164-00040984-00041174 info you need the required software
oD-HkTXby5u-00165-00041175-00041399 packages the supported toolchain
oD-HkTXby5u-00166-00041400-00041679 board and a full description of the
oD-HkTXby5u-00167-00041680-00041887 example itself
oD-HkTXby5u-00168-00041888-00042102 in this case the example demonstrates
oD-HkTXby5u-00169-00042103-00042287 how to create and destroy multiple
oD-HkTXby5u-00170-00042288-00042358 threads
oD-HkTXby5u-00171-00042359-00042607 and how to use the preemption threshold
oD-HkTXby5u-00172-00042608-00042967 to change priorities on the fly
oD-HkTXby5u-00173-00042968-00043287 the expected success or error behaviors
oD-HkTXby5u-00174-00043288-00043727 are described as well
oD-HkTXby5u-00175-00043728-00044007 in our case the chat 1 will toggle the
oD-HkTXby5u-00176-00044008-00044102 green led
oD-HkTXby5u-00177-00044103-00044430 every 500 milliseconds then the chat 2
oD-HkTXby5u-00178-00044431-00044590 will preempt the thread 1
oD-HkTXby5u-00179-00044591-00044862 and we start toggling the same green led
oD-HkTXby5u-00180-00044863-00045087 every 200 milliseconds
oD-HkTXby5u-00181-00045088-00045535 let's start with this project
oD-HkTXby5u-00182-00045536-00045751 you must specify your desired install
oD-HkTXby5u-00183-00045752-00045871 project folder
oD-HkTXby5u-00184-00045872-00046127 this way the original agilertos project
oD-HkTXby5u-00185-00046128-00046271 will not be modified
oD-HkTXby5u-00186-00046272-00046518 and you can reuse it in the future as
oD-HkTXby5u-00187-00046519-00046918 many times as you want
oD-HkTXby5u-00188-00046919-00047174 now we started from an available example
oD-HkTXby5u-00189-00047175-00047335 so you don't really need to modify
oD-HkTXby5u-00190-00047336-00047423 anything
oD-HkTXby5u-00191-00047424-00047615 unless you want to add something else to
oD-HkTXby5u-00192-00047616-00047758 the example itself
oD-HkTXby5u-00193-00047759-00047999 but anyway let's have a look at the
oD-HkTXby5u-00194-00048000-00048079 xcube
oD-HkTXby5u-00195-00048080-00048390 azuratos h7 software pack component
oD-HkTXby5u-00196-00048391-00048479 selector
oD-HkTXby5u-00197-00048480-00048662 in order to understand how to modify
oD-HkTXby5u-00198-00048663-00048927 things especially if your next step
oD-HkTXby5u-00199-00048928-00049311 will be to start from an empty project
oD-HkTXby5u-00200-00049312-00049495 the hardware profile in the device
oD-HkTXby5u-00201-00049496-00049751 section reflects our board choice
oD-HkTXby5u-00202-00049752-00049943 make sure the application is set to
oD-HkTXby5u-00203-00049944-00050079 azure dos app
oD-HkTXby5u-00204-00050080-00050239 in order to generate the proper
oD-HkTXby5u-00205-00050240-00050415 application code
oD-HkTXby5u-00206-00050416-00050646 our example is very simple and it's only
oD-HkTXby5u-00207-00050647-00050862 using tradex core and nothing else from
oD-HkTXby5u-00208-00050863-00050999 the other middlewares
oD-HkTXby5u-00209-00051000-00051326 but let me show how cubemx really helps
oD-HkTXby5u-00210-00051327-00051535 in case of missing components and other
oD-HkTXby5u-00211-00051536-00051775 issues
oD-HkTXby5u-00212-00051776-00052023 if let's say by mistake you unselect
oD-HkTXby5u-00213-00052024-00052170 tradex score
oD-HkTXby5u-00214-00052171-00052414 stm32cubemx immediately shows
oD-HkTXby5u-00215-00052415-00052687 a set of warnings that in this case are
oD-HkTXby5u-00216-00052688-00052942 telling me that a component is missing
oD-HkTXby5u-00217-00052944-00052991 and
oD-HkTXby5u-00218-00052991-00053223 i need to choose among one of those
oD-HkTXby5u-00219-00053224-00053294 components
oD-HkTXby5u-00220-00053295-00053582 in order to have a value project the
oD-HkTXby5u-00221-00053583-00053775 dependency can even be resolved
oD-HkTXby5u-00222-00053776-00054030 automatically whenever possible
oD-HkTXby5u-00223-00054032-00054454 in this case let's reselect tradex score
oD-HkTXby5u-00224-00054455-00054750 all conditions are now solved and we can
oD-HkTXby5u-00225-00054751-00055030 proceed
oD-HkTXby5u-00226-00055032-00055215 another interesting info i want to
oD-HkTXby5u-00227-00055216-00055342 provide is that
oD-HkTXby5u-00228-00055344-00055615 today there is no bare metal version of
oD-HkTXby5u-00229-00055616-00055679 filex
oD-HkTXby5u-00230-00055679-00056015 usbx and netex so if you want to use
oD-HkTXby5u-00231-00056016-00056215 one of those middlewares you need to
oD-HkTXby5u-00232-00056216-00056503 enable rtos mode and how tradex
oD-HkTXby5u-00233-00056504-00056894 core selected everything is properly
oD-HkTXby5u-00234-00056895-00057071 selected in the software pack component
oD-HkTXby5u-00235-00057072-00057182 selector
oD-HkTXby5u-00236-00057183-00057342 now let's have a look at the software
oD-HkTXby5u-00237-00057344-00057671 pack configuration
oD-HkTXby5u-00238-00057672-00057919 after making sure that the components we
oD-HkTXby5u-00239-00057920-00058071 need for this project
oD-HkTXby5u-00240-00058072-00058311 are correctly selected let's move to the
oD-HkTXby5u-00241-00058312-00058471 configuration panel
oD-HkTXby5u-00242-00058472-00058623 you can change the configuration
oD-HkTXby5u-00243-00058624-00058879 parameters according to your goals for
oD-HkTXby5u-00244-00058879-00059191 tradex and the azura toast application
oD-HkTXby5u-00245-00059191-00059526 for each parameter name description
oD-HkTXby5u-00246-00059527-00059799 and constraints are provided memory
oD-HkTXby5u-00247-00059800-00060015 allocation can be configured in the
oD-HkTXby5u-00248-00060016-00060366 arduratos application tab
oD-HkTXby5u-00249-00060367-00060711 well everything is finally ready so
oD-HkTXby5u-00250-00060712-00060999 let's select your favorite toolchain id
oD-HkTXby5u-00251-00061000-00061111 in our case
oD-HkTXby5u-00252-00061112-00061447 stm32 cube id and let's generate your
oD-HkTXby5u-00253-00061448-00061854 final code
oD-HkTXby5u-00254-00061855-00062447 [Music]
oD-HkTXby5u-00255-00062448-00062742 your festa jurartos project for stm32
oD-HkTXby5u-00256-00062744-00062830 cube id
oD-HkTXby5u-00257-00062832-00063135 is ready please i always recommend to
oD-HkTXby5u-00258-00063136-00063303 have a look at the rhythmic file
oD-HkTXby5u-00259-00063304-00063559 for application description no
oD-HkTXby5u-00260-00063560-00063679 limitations
oD-HkTXby5u-00261-00063679-00063903 notes hardware requirements and
oD-HkTXby5u-00262-00063904-00064175 additional details on how to use it
oD-HkTXby5u-00263-00064176-00064447 the main.c contains the address to
oD-HkTXby5u-00264-00064448-00064630 signiturization call
oD-HkTXby5u-00265-00064632-00065023 and in the apptredx.c the aptradex
oD-HkTXby5u-00266-00065024-00065279 ionit function allocates all the thread
oD-HkTXby5u-00267-00065279-00065366 stacks
oD-HkTXby5u-00268-00065367-00065671 and creates the main thread thread 1
oD-HkTXby5u-00269-00065672-00065935 and thread 2 and the even flags that we
oD-HkTXby5u-00270-00065936-00065999 need in this
oD-HkTXby5u-00271-00066000-00066391 example unless you want to modify
oD-HkTXby5u-00272-00066392-00066463 something
oD-HkTXby5u-00273-00066464-00066687 or you want to add additional threads
oD-HkTXby5u-00274-00066688-00066943 you are simply ready to go
oD-HkTXby5u-00275-00066944-00067836 first let's compile the project
oD-HkTXby5u-00276-00067837-00068159 [Music]
oD-HkTXby5u-00277-00068160-00068503 second let's connect the nucleoh723 to
oD-HkTXby5u-00278-00068504-00068615 our pc
oD-HkTXby5u-00279-00068616-00069023 using a usb cable through the cn1 usb
oD-HkTXby5u-00280-00069024-00069215 connector
oD-HkTXby5u-00281-00069216-00069487 and third we are now ready to download
oD-HkTXby5u-00282-00069488-00069567 and debug
oD-HkTXby5u-00283-00069568-00070038 our first azure s application
oD-HkTXby5u-00284-00070039-00070271 a very interesting new feature available
oD-HkTXby5u-00285-00070272-00070463 in stm32 cube id
oD-HkTXby5u-00286-00070464-00070687 is that you have special view panels for
oD-HkTXby5u-00287-00070688-00070943 tradex that will make your debugging
oD-HkTXby5u-00288-00070944-00071247 even easier you can enable different
oD-HkTXby5u-00289-00071248-00071303 views
oD-HkTXby5u-00290-00071304-00071638 on tradex even flags memory
oD-HkTXby5u-00291-00071639-00072047 message queues mutexes semaphores
oD-HkTXby5u-00292-00072048-00072319 thread list that we are going to use now
oD-HkTXby5u-00293-00072320-00072350 and
oD-HkTXby5u-00294-00072351-00072719 timers if we resume the execution
oD-HkTXby5u-00295-00072720-00073031 you can see the board led is blinking
oD-HkTXby5u-00296-00073032-00073303 whenever you suspend the execution again
oD-HkTXby5u-00297-00073304-00073406 this thread list
oD-HkTXby5u-00298-00073407-00073719 will show for each thread its name
oD-HkTXby5u-00299-00073720-00074079 current priority state rank count and
oD-HkTXby5u-00300-00074080-00074399 several other information on its stack
oD-HkTXby5u-00301-00074400-00074655 this is another very cool feature just
oD-HkTXby5u-00302-00074656-00074759 introduced it into
oD-HkTXby5u-00303-00074760-00075335 the last release of stm32 cube id
oD-HkTXby5u-00304-00075336-00075591 well with really a few clicks we have
oD-HkTXby5u-00305-00075592-00075726 been able to create
oD-HkTXby5u-00306-00075727-00076023 configure compile and debug our first
oD-HkTXby5u-00307-00076024-00076079 simple
oD-HkTXby5u-00308-00076080-00076391 adjuratos application additional and
oD-HkTXby5u-00309-00076392-00076647 even more complex examples for
oD-HkTXby5u-00310-00076648-00076950 tradex filex usbx and netex
oD-HkTXby5u-00311-00076951-00077262 duo are available but you can also start
oD-HkTXby5u-00312-00077263-00077487 a new one from scratch from
oD-HkTXby5u-00313-00077488-00078119 stm32 cube mx or stm32 cube id
oD-HkTXby5u-00314-00078120-00078350 before wishing you the best of luck with
oD-HkTXby5u-00315-00078351-00078599 your next stm32rt
oD-HkTXby5u-00316-00078600-00078806 projects let me share couple of
oD-HkTXby5u-00317-00078807-00078919 important links
oD-HkTXby5u-00318-00078920-00079150 you don't wanna miss if you like to dive
oD-HkTXby5u-00319-00079151-00079567 deeper in this topic
oD-HkTXby5u-00320-00079568-00080015 our stm32qb ecosystem landing page
oD-HkTXby5u-00321-00080016-00080247 where you can find lots of additional
oD-HkTXby5u-00322-00080248-00080382 resources
oD-HkTXby5u-00323-00080383-00081150 videos and webinars
oD-HkTXby5u-00324-00081151-00081455 our your h7
oD-HkTXby5u-00325-00081456-00081759 landing page with
oD-HkTXby5u-00326-00081760-00082126 product overview software packages
oD-HkTXby5u-00327-00082127-00082510 and documentation
oD-HkTXby5u-00328-00082511-00082735 [Music]
oD-HkTXby5u-00329-00082736-00083071 and finally our stm32mcu
oD-HkTXby5u-00330-00083072-00083382 wiki page where in the
oD-HkTXby5u-00331-00083383-00083694 development zone you can learn
oD-HkTXby5u-00332-00083695-00083967 more about using and customizing
oD-HkTXby5u-00333-00083968-00084199 ajuratos middlewares
oD-HkTXby5u-00334-00084200-00084847 into our stm32 ecosystem
oD-HkTXby5u-00335-00084848-00085079 well thanks a lot for your attention on
oD-HkTXby5u-00336-00085080-00085318 this introduction to our first
oD-HkTXby5u-00337-00085319-00085638 x-cube jurassic release many others are
oD-HkTXby5u-00338-00085639-00085711 coming
oD-HkTXby5u-00339-00085712-00085911 with improvements and new available
oD-HkTXby5u-00340-00085912-00086175 collaterals and online material
oD-HkTXby5u-00341-00086176-00086455 so please stay tuned don't forget to
oD-HkTXby5u-00342-00086456-00086687 visit our stm32 cube
oD-HkTXby5u-00343-00086688-00087067 landing page and have a wonderful
oD-HkTXby5u-00344-00087068-00087368 day
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00000-00000401-00001019 [Music]
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00001-00001021-00003383 [Music]
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00002-00003384-00003533 so
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00003-00003534-00006359 [Music]
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00004-00006360-00006767 so
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00005-00006768-00009119 [Music]
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00006-00009120-00009287 so
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00007-00009288-00011791 [Music]
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00008-00011792-00012169 so
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00009-00012170-00013693 [Music]
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00010-00013694-00014484 [Music]
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00011-00014485-00017196 [Music]
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00012-00017197-00018154 [Music]
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00013-00018155-00020230 [Music]
oFqeEJu5PQ4-00014-00020231-00020440 you
oGsNOY_i8Gc-00000-00000115-00000667 baby Justin moody so long were you study
oGsNOY_i8Gc-00001-00000668-00001116 19 / girl and I stopped painting thing
oGsNOY_i8Gc-00002-00001117-00001859 what I was meaning a little pity beating
oGsNOY_i8Gc-00003-00001860-00003156 you what I was meaning a little garlic
oGsNOY_i8Gc-00004-00003157-00003584 moosup wheel of a bird neskaya Zohar
oGsNOY_i8Gc-00005-00003585-00004106 bezanika Brody voce was meaning a lot oh
oGsNOY_i8Gc-00006-00004107-00005088 cool whoo-hoo Rey was meaning a lot of
oGsNOY_i8Gc-00007-00005089-00005938 more lady never screams even young money
oGsNOY_i8Gc-00008-00005939-00006553 beer or vodka Donnie butoden bisou
oGsNOY_i8Gc-00009-00006554-00007045 Wolverine you're not okay Oh spider
oGsNOY_i8Gc-00010-00007045-00007577 permission Boozer voz'mi mean you're not
oGsNOY_i8Gc-00011-00007578-00008183 okay no spotter for anything
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00000-00000239-00000671 [Music]
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00001-00000672-00000815 the inverter
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00002-00000816-00001127 tetrased awakening invocation
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00003-00001128-00001239 on
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00004-00001240-00001487 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00005-00001488-00001751 in this era people's relationship to
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00006-00001752-00002095 obedience has gotten fouled up
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00007-00002096-00002350 resulting in people obeying when they
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00008-00002351-00002607 should not obey according to their own
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00009-00002608-00002855 native sensibilities
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00010-00002856-00002958 and
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00011-00002959-00003367 to disobey when they should not disobey
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00012-00003368-00003527 for their own good
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00013-00003528-00003783 this kind of disobedience shows up as
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00014-00003784-00003943 kind of a blanket
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00015-00003944-00004222 rejection of authority where by
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00016-00004223-00004679 authority i mean a competency knowledge
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00017-00004680-00005167 and ability in a certain area of life
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00018-00005168-00005311 this kind of
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00019-00005312-00005559 rejection of authority
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00020-00005560-00005718 shows up as
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00021-00005719-00005943 the q and on
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00022-00005944-00006263 anti-vaxx anti-mask
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00023-00006264-00006431 attitude
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00024-00006431-00006942 and as conspiracy theories of all kinds
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00025-00006943-00007255 which in general entail mistrust of
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00026-00007256-00007423 authorities
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00027-00007423-00007710 including scientific authorities such as
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00028-00007711-00008046 underlying climate science
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00029-00008047-00008319 a foul up of people's relationship to
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00030-00008320-00008463 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00031-00008464-00008727 has led to the general tendency
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00032-00008728-00008927 to disobedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00033-00008928-00009223 as seen in the january 6th
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00034-00009224-00009406 2021
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00035-00009407-00009599 insurrection
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00036-00009600-00009910 around the united states congress
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00037-00009911-00010183 more broadly this kind of disobedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00038-00010184-00010463 shows up as authoritarianism
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00039-00010464-00010638 in authoritarianism
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00040-00010639-00010942 an authoritarian is grown
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00041-00010943-00011174 by being imposed upon
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00042-00011175-00011471 during his or her formative years
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00043-00011472-00011806 forced to do things coerced in effect
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00044-00011807-00012014 that are against his sense of right and
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00045-00012015-00012151 wrong
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00046-00012152-00012374 this leads to a charge of anger which
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00047-00012375-00012703 cannot be safely directed at the origin
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00048-00012704-00012974 of the authoritarian conditioning and so
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00049-00012975-00013343 ends up being directed at everybody else
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00050-00013344-00013591 in the same mood of oppression
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00051-00013591-00013879 as the authoritarian him or herself
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00052-00013880-00014047 experienced
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00053-00014047-00014158 thus
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00054-00014159-00014375 this disobedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00055-00014376-00014591 is propagated from generation to
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00056-00014591-00014871 generation as a kind of anger charge
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00057-00014872-00015207 that will not listen
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00058-00015208-00015447 this is the way of tyrants
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00059-00015447-00015879 and would be tyrants and power grabbers
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00060-00015880-00016255 this is how creating division divide and
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00061-00016256-00016599 conquer works
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00062-00016600-00016822 in this era of history
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00063-00016823-00017207 we've seen people voting for extremists
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00064-00017208-00017455 really because they are disobedient
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00065-00017456-00017735 extremists like themselves
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00066-00017736-00018022 and not because they have any merit to
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00067-00018023-00018286 their communication or vision
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00068-00018287-00018647 also shows up as fake news and the war
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00069-00018648-00018775 on truth
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00070-00018776-00019086 which are both forms of disobedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00071-00019087-00019583 and the believing of fake news
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00072-00019584-00019871 these words may have triggered feelings
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00073-00019872-00020271 of disobedience or rebelliousness in you
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00074-00020272-00020414 particularly when you hear the word
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00075-00020415-00020567 disobedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00076-00020568-00020863 which is a sure sign that this procedure
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00077-00020864-00021135 will be liberating for you
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00078-00021136-00021511 and will further inform your truth sense
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00079-00021512-00021903 rather than making you an obedient slave
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00080-00021904-00022383 or like a disobedient and spoiled child
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00081-00022384-00022639 the inverter reveals patterns of
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00082-00022640-00022783 conditioning
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00083-00022784-00023039 that have become so unconscious and
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00084-00023040-00023175 automatic
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00085-00023176-00023519 that they lead to hidden liabilities
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00086-00023520-00023767 that show up as chronic patterns of
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00087-00023768-00024103 difficulty failure unaccountable
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00088-00024104-00024271 feelings of guilt
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00089-00024272-00024567 and anxiety in your life
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00090-00024568-00024822 the inverter flips things around in
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00091-00024823-00025063 every possible direction
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00092-00025064-00025286 so that you can get perceptions
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00093-00025287-00025503 of your own conditioning that otherwise
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00094-00025504-00025774 merely operate behind the scenes
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00095-00025775-00026062 without being recognized
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00096-00026063-00026214 in this segment
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00097-00026216-00026518 i'm going to demonstrate a run-through
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00098-00026519-00026687 of the inverter
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00099-00026688-00026879 on obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00100-00026880-00027079 so that you can get a sense of the
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00101-00027080-00027239 rhythms
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00102-00027239-00027614 and patterns within the inverter
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00103-00027616-00027799 this is not intended to be a
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00104-00027800-00028135 demonstration of how you do the inverter
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00105-00028136-00028358 it's an overview
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00106-00028360-00028607 i'm giving you this overview so that you
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00107-00028608-00028902 will become used to hearing the patterns
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00108-00028904-00029167 within the inverter so that when you do
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00109-00029168-00029407 the inverter rather than doing the
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00110-00029408-00029695 instructions as individual words
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00111-00029695-00029974 you do them as those patterns
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00112-00029975-00030295 that requires a degree of familiarity
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00113-00030295-00030518 so more than one listening through of
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00114-00030519-00030799 this overview will serve you
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00115-00030800-00031007 that said
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00116-00031008-00031455 let's begin
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00117-00031456-00031655 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00118-00031656-00031887 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00119-00031888-00032231 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00120-00032232-00032511 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00121-00032512-00032639 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00122-00032639-00032879 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00123-00032880-00033095 intending intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00124-00033096-00033383 intending intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00125-00033384-00033695 refusing intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00126-00033696-00033990 refusing intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00127-00033991-00034190 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00128-00034191-00034439 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00129-00034440-00034615 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00130-00034616-00034783 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00131-00034784-00035083 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00132-00035084-00035343 obedience refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00133-00035344-00035487 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00134-00035488-00035615 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00135-00035616-00035855 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00136-00035856-00036127 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00137-00036128-00036495 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00138-00036496-00036735 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00139-00036736-00037311 intending refusing intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00140-00037312-00037607 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00141-00037608-00037943 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00142-00037944-00038327 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00143-00038328-00038662 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00144-00038663-00039055 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00145-00039056-00039283 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00146-00039284-00039790 obedience refusing refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00147-00039791-00040167 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00148-00040168-00040535 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00149-00040536-00040687 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00150-00040688-00041030 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00151-00041031-00041479 intending obedience intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00152-00041480-00041846 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00153-00041847-00042167 intending it
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00154-00042168-00042646 intending intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00155-00042647-00042974 intending intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00156-00042975-00043279 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00157-00043280-00043671 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00158-00043672-00043823 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00159-00043824-00043958 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00160-00043959-00044095 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00161-00044096-00044239 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00162-00044240-00044374 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00163-00044375-00044518 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00164-00044519-00044646 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00165-00044647-00044958 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00166-00044959-00045311 refusing it
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00167-00045312-00045487 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00168-00045488-00045662 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00169-00045663-00046062 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00170-00046063-00046407 refusing refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00171-00046408-00046815 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00172-00046816-00047183 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00173-00047184-00047683 refusing intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00174-00047684-00048158 intending intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00175-00048159-00048558 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00176-00048559-00048695 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00177-00048696-00049083 obedience intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00178-00049084-00049646 obedience intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00179-00049647-00049790 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00180-00049791-00050030 obedience refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00181-00050031-00050335 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00182-00050336-00050751 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00183-00050752-00051023 refusing intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00184-00051024-00051151 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00185-00051152-00051279 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00186-00051279-00051407 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00187-00051408-00051663 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00188-00051664-00051958 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00189-00051959-00052447 refusing intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00190-00052448-00052791 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00191-00052791-00053071 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00192-00053072-00053282 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00193-00053283-00053711 obedience intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00194-00053712-00054038 refusing intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00195-00054039-00054271 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00196-00054272-00054694 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00197-00054695-00055382 obedience obedience refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00198-00055383-00055511 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00199-00055512-00055782 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00200-00055783-00056175 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00201-00056176-00056559 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00202-00056560-00056982 intending intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00203-00056983-00057287 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00204-00057288-00057679 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00205-00057679-00058135 intending refusing intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00206-00058136-00058550 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00207-00058551-00058838 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00208-00058839-00059238 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00209-00059239-00059871 refusing intending refusing intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00210-00059872-00060191 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00211-00060191-00060494 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00212-00060495-00060847 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00213-00060848-00061303 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00214-00061304-00061438 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00215-00061439-00061975 obedience refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00216-00061976-00062311 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00217-00062312-00062830 refusing refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00218-00062832-00063166 refusing refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00219-00063167-00063550 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00220-00063551-00063966 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00221-00063967-00064335 intending intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00222-00064336-00064687 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00223-00064688-00065094 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00224-00065095-00065359 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00225-00065360-00065726 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00226-00065727-00065882 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00227-00065883-00066375 obedience refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00228-00066376-00066511 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00229-00066512-00066982 intending refusing intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00230-00066983-00067238 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00231-00067239-00067550 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00232-00067551-00067815 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00233-00067816-00068111 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00234-00068112-00068399 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00235-00068400-00068687 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00236-00068688-00069087 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00237-00069088-00069406 intending intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00238-00069407-00069743 refusing intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00239-00069744-00070063 refusing intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00240-00070064-00070415 refusing refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00241-00070416-00070655 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00242-00070656-00070926 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00243-00070927-00071279 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00244-00071280-00071575 refusing it
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00245-00071576-00071775 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00246-00071776-00071967 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00247-00071968-00072335 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00248-00072336-00072882 refusing refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00249-00072883-00073406 obedience refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00250-00073407-00073550 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00251-00073551-00073687 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00252-00073688-00073950 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00253-00073951-00074647 intending obedience intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00254-00074648-00074999 intending it
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00255-00075000-00075526 intending intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00256-00075527-00075911 intending intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00257-00075912-00076238 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00258-00076239-00076638 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00259-00076639-00077015 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00260-00077016-00077326 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00261-00077327-00077694 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00262-00077695-00078126 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00263-00078127-00078791 obedience obedience refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00264-00078792-00079311 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00265-00079312-00080023 obedience obedience intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00266-00080024-00080423 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00267-00080424-00080543 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00268-00080544-00080671 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00269-00080672-00080799 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00270-00080800-00080935 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00271-00080936-00081303 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00272-00081304-00081606 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00273-00081607-00082150 intending refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00274-00082151-00082479 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00275-00082480-00082782 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00276-00082783-00083118 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00277-00083119-00083415 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00278-00083416-00083750 intending refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00279-00083751-00083991 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00280-00083992-00084511 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00281-00084512-00084655 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00282-00084656-00084782 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00283-00084783-00085223 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00284-00085224-00085550 intending intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00285-00085551-00085967 refusing intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00286-00085968-00086335 refusing intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00287-00086336-00086550 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00288-00086551-00086871 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00289-00086872-00087182 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00290-00087183-00087599 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00291-00087600-00088071 refusing intending refusing intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00292-00088072-00088462 refusing intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00293-00088463-00088767 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00294-00088768-00089167 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00295-00089168-00089294 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00296-00089295-00089415 refusing
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00297-00089416-00089682 intending
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00298-00089683-00090118 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00299-00090119-00090391 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00300-00090392-00090743 refusing obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00301-00090744-00091423 intending obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00302-00091424-00091711 that completes this overview
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00303-00091712-00091894 of the inverter
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00304-00091895-00092191 for obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00305-00092192-00092279 upon
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00306-00092280-00092511 completion of this segment where
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00307-00092512-00092806 completion means you have some sense of
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00308-00092807-00093071 familiarity with the rhythms
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00309-00093072-00093247 of the inverter
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00310-00093248-00093415 you'll proceed next
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00311-00093416-00093703 to the guided practice
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00312-00093704-00093855 of the inverter
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00313-00093856-00093967 on
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00314-00093968-00094464 obedience
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00315-00094465-00095053 [Music]
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00316-00095054-00095871 [Music]
oHX2Rb5f4JA-00317-00095872-00096080 you
oLv4fiG6Rog-00000-00000168-00000449 hello dear students
oLv4fiG6Rog-00001-00000450-00000935 now we are about to start uh the lecture
oLv4fiG6Rog-00002-00000936-00001183 number three
oLv4fiG6Rog-00003-00001184-00001553 l03 with the theme
oLv4fiG6Rog-00004-00001554-00001889 project cost management
oLv4fiG6Rog-00005-00001889-00002099 risk analysis
oLv4fiG6Rog-00006-00002100-00002591 and project risk management
oLv4fiG6Rog-00007-00002592-00002802 and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00008-00002803-00003166 regarding to what we are going to cover
oLv4fiG6Rog-00009-00003167-00003451 in this lecture
oLv4fiG6Rog-00010-00003452-00004072 uh this slide explains the connection of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00011-00004073-00004481 the content of this lecture to uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00012-00004482-00004745 textbook chapters and sections and also
oLv4fiG6Rog-00013-00004746-00005070 the pre-recorded
oLv4fiG6Rog-00014-00005071-00005279 lecture videos
oLv4fiG6Rog-00015-00005280-00005513 and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00016-00005514-00005791 one
oLv4fiG6Rog-00017-00005792-00006172 aspect or One content in this lecture is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00018-00006173-00006418 that we are going to go through the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00019-00006419-00006709 application of the three point method in
oLv4fiG6Rog-00020-00006709-00006946 risk assessment
oLv4fiG6Rog-00021-00006947-00007453 uh which you are going to apply in the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00022-00007454-00007837 third group assignment
oLv4fiG6Rog-00023-00007838-00008117 the assignment of project progress money
oLv4fiG6Rog-00024-00008118-00008381 monitoring and decision making
oLv4fiG6Rog-00025-00008382-00009023 and uh the in particular uh the theme of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00026-00009024-00009305 this third assignment it's it's a kind
oLv4fiG6Rog-00027-00009306-00009628 of a forthcoming assignment uh is uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00028-00009629-00009887 earned value earned Value method uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00029-00009888-00010121 which we are going to talk about later
oLv4fiG6Rog-00030-00010122-00010481 in the next lecture but this uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00031-00010482-00010673 application of the three-point method in
oLv4fiG6Rog-00032-00010674-00010963 Risk assess assessment is also relevant
oLv4fiG6Rog-00033-00010964-00011464 uh when you are uh doing this uh third
oLv4fiG6Rog-00034-00011465-00011788 group uh assignment
oLv4fiG6Rog-00035-00011789-00011987 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00036-00011988-00012455 now let's uh take a look what is the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00037-00012456-00013271 content of this uh lecture
oLv4fiG6Rog-00038-00013272-00013457 so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00039-00013458-00013871 the items the content items are listed
oLv4fiG6Rog-00040-00013872-00014027 here
oLv4fiG6Rog-00041-00014028-00014207 and uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00042-00014208-00014536 I don't think that it is worthwhile for
oLv4fiG6Rog-00043-00014537-00014915 me to know uh to read this I think that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00044-00014916-00015335 you can follow uh my lecture and at the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00045-00015336-00015635 same time you can understand where we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00046-00015636-00016027 are going in terms of these items
oLv4fiG6Rog-00047-00016028-00016708 uh and uh also in this picture uh you
oLv4fiG6Rog-00048-00016709-00017063 have a much more detailed
oLv4fiG6Rog-00049-00017064-00017615 um itemization of uh this uh rubrics so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00050-00017616-00017819 um you can see that there are these uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00051-00017820-00018143 sub topics uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00052-00018144-00018569 listed at the rather accurate uh level
oLv4fiG6Rog-00053-00018570-00019121 in in this uh slide and you can also
oLv4fiG6Rog-00054-00019122-00019547 later on maybe uh follow and uh and and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00055-00019548-00019925 read the contents of what we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00056-00019926-00020333 are about to go through or what we went
oLv4fiG6Rog-00057-00020334-00020435 through
oLv4fiG6Rog-00058-00020436-00020650 but in the end of this lecture I'm going
oLv4fiG6Rog-00059-00020651-00021079 to kind of also wrap up uh what we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00060-00021080-00021461 did go through and also what we learned
oLv4fiG6Rog-00061-00021462-00021779 there is another slide which I think is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00062-00021780-00022186 rather worthwhile also for us
oLv4fiG6Rog-00063-00022187-00022363 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00064-00022364-00022930 what is Project course cost management
oLv4fiG6Rog-00065-00022931-00023357 um let's uh Define project cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00066-00023358-00023657 management to start with
oLv4fiG6Rog-00067-00023658-00023917 actually
oLv4fiG6Rog-00068-00023918-00024191 this is more or less
oLv4fiG6Rog-00069-00024192-00024455 connected this definition uh to the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00070-00024456-00024817 purpose of project cost management so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00071-00024818-00025300 the purpose is uh to ensure that the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00072-00025301-00025541 project is implemented in a manner that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00073-00025542-00025750 supports the profitability and cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00074-00025751-00026002 efficiency of the business
oLv4fiG6Rog-00075-00026004-00026314 of the firm or multiple firms that the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00076-00026316-00026489 project is connected to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00077-00026489-00026845 so projects are not always
oLv4fiG6Rog-00078-00026845-00027233 taking place uh on the under the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00079-00027233-00027568 hierarchy of one single firm but the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00080-00027569-00027851 projects can also Bridge several of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00081-00027852-00028277 firms and can in this way uh be
oLv4fiG6Rog-00082-00028277-00028662 connected to businesses over of several
oLv4fiG6Rog-00083-00028663-00028973 firms as well
oLv4fiG6Rog-00084-00028974-00029212 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00085-00029213-00029314 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00086-00029316-00029789 this definition it doesn't mean that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00087-00029789-00030043 cost management is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00088-00030044-00030424 only limited to activities of project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00089-00030425-00030683 cost estimating setting the budget and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00090-00030683-00030862 follow-up and control
oLv4fiG6Rog-00091-00030863-00031235 actually the definition which underlines
oLv4fiG6Rog-00092-00031236-00031493 the connection to business and and the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00093-00031494-00031852 purpose purposefulness of the project uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00094-00031854-00032290 says uh completely different uh gives a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00095-00032291-00032501 completely different message on kind of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00096-00032502-00032639 broader message
oLv4fiG6Rog-00097-00032639-00032915 so even though the definition is Project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00098-00032916-00033262 cost management so uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00099-00033263-00033539 the cost management is an area it is a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00100-00033540-00033690 knowledge area and project management
oLv4fiG6Rog-00101-00033691-00034043 but it is not only connected to costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-00102-00034044-00034259 but it is connected to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00103-00034260-00034465 rather much uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00104-00034466-00034883 to the overall management of the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00105-00034884-00035146 in a purposeful way
oLv4fiG6Rog-00106-00035147-00035539 okay uh Let's uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00107-00035540-00035831 discuss this what I just said a little
oLv4fiG6Rog-00108-00035832-00036190 bit uh by looking at this slide and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00109-00036191-00036593 especially let's look at the uh three
oLv4fiG6Rog-00110-00036594-00037002 first items one two and three which are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00111-00037003-00037390 colored with the blue color
oLv4fiG6Rog-00112-00037391-00037601 so um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00113-00037602-00037955 first designing the project scope and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00114-00037956-00038237 the end product to making the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00115-00038238-00038387 specifications
oLv4fiG6Rog-00116-00038388-00038645 to choosing appropriate project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00117-00038646-00038957 execution processes and methods and uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00118-00038958-00039293 number three timing and scheduling so we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00119-00039294-00039551 could argue that or we could start
oLv4fiG6Rog-00120-00039552-00039880 wondering that how these three first
oLv4fiG6Rog-00121-00039881-00040145 things are connected to costs uh or
oLv4fiG6Rog-00122-00040146-00040805 profits at all but uh the uh maybe the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00123-00040806-00041183 basic message here is that costs cannot
oLv4fiG6Rog-00124-00041184-00041490 be managed of Their Own
oLv4fiG6Rog-00125-00041491-00041890 but you must manage other things like
oLv4fiG6Rog-00126-00041891-00042089 designing the end product and managing
oLv4fiG6Rog-00127-00042090-00042352 the actual Project work and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00128-00042353-00042689 costs will incur thereof
oLv4fiG6Rog-00129-00042690-00042965 so if you want to have an impact on cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00130-00042966-00043445 or uh revenues or or something so you
oLv4fiG6Rog-00131-00043446-00043835 must manage either the people or you
oLv4fiG6Rog-00132-00043836-00044105 must design and redesign the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00133-00044106-00044452 specifications of the end product uh you
oLv4fiG6Rog-00134-00044453-00044561 must
oLv4fiG6Rog-00135-00044562-00044843 take off some parts of the end product
oLv4fiG6Rog-00136-00044844-00045107 if you want to reduce costs and and so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00137-00045108-00045587 on so uh it's it's a kind of a very uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00138-00045588-00045952 let's say embedded management of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00139-00045953-00046301 whole project we just then can see the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00140-00046302-00046702 implications in terms of cost so cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00141-00046703-00047057 cannot be managed of their own but you
oLv4fiG6Rog-00142-00047058-00047245 must really
oLv4fiG6Rog-00143-00047246-00047699 manage other things to be able to have
oLv4fiG6Rog-00144-00047700-00047908 an impact on business opportunities
oLv4fiG6Rog-00145-00047909-00048185 risks profitability revenues and so on
oLv4fiG6Rog-00146-00048186-00048508 uh in in a project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00147-00048509-00048689 uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00148-00048690-00049049 what comes to this number three in this
oLv4fiG6Rog-00149-00049050-00049439 slide this timing and scheduling we must
oLv4fiG6Rog-00150-00049440-00049696 also understand that it is not only a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00151-00049697-00049951 question of efficient execution
oLv4fiG6Rog-00152-00049952-00050339 in terms of Kronos time that is a kind
oLv4fiG6Rog-00153-00050340-00050593 of a chronological time
oLv4fiG6Rog-00154-00050594-00051136 but we also must take into account the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00155-00051137-00051358 right timing or choosing the right
oLv4fiG6Rog-00156-00051359-00051749 moment for example if our product
oLv4fiG6Rog-00157-00051750-00052157 development project is to develop a new
oLv4fiG6Rog-00158-00052158-00052475 product for the firm to the market then
oLv4fiG6Rog-00159-00052476-00052711 we must understand
oLv4fiG6Rog-00160-00052712-00053194 the timing of when to take this new
oLv4fiG6Rog-00161-00053195-00053459 product to the market for example to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00162-00053460-00053776 make a better profit or to contribute to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00163-00053777-00054142 sustainability or something else
oLv4fiG6Rog-00164-00054144-00054299 early enough
oLv4fiG6Rog-00165-00054300-00054641 or then there are other aspects also in
oLv4fiG6Rog-00166-00054641-00054925 in terms of timing
oLv4fiG6Rog-00167-00054926-00055363 we have learned in Innovation management
oLv4fiG6Rog-00168-00055364-00055703 that for example the first commercial
oLv4fiG6Rog-00169-00055704-00055961 pioneers of bringing some product to the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00170-00055962-00056038 market
oLv4fiG6Rog-00171-00056039-00056357 don't don't necessarily make the biggest
oLv4fiG6Rog-00172-00056358-00056791 profit even they can make bankrupt
oLv4fiG6Rog-00173-00056791-00057065 because it's so difficult to open the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00174-00057066-00057335 market with a new product and then the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00175-00057336-00057592 followers the second and third and so on
oLv4fiG6Rog-00176-00057594-00057791 bringing the same product that they can
oLv4fiG6Rog-00177-00057791-00058138 then kind of a cache or they can make
oLv4fiG6Rog-00178-00058139-00058571 wealth of of that product
oLv4fiG6Rog-00179-00058572-00058715 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00180-00058716-00058823 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00181-00058824-00059219 well I think that the rest of the items
oLv4fiG6Rog-00182-00059220-00059519 listed here from four five six and so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00183-00059520-00059885 onwards I think that they give us an
oLv4fiG6Rog-00184-00059886-00060137 impression that what project cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00185-00060138-00060454 management also is and it is not really
oLv4fiG6Rog-00186-00060455-00060761 only limited to product cost estimating
oLv4fiG6Rog-00187-00060762-00060941 setting the budget and follow-up and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00188-00060941-00061366 control but this is much broader view
oLv4fiG6Rog-00189-00061367-00061732 that I encourage us to take in Project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00190-00061733-00062153 cost management
oLv4fiG6Rog-00191-00062154-00062315 now
oLv4fiG6Rog-00192-00062316-00062500 a question
oLv4fiG6Rog-00193-00062501-00062753 to students in class and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00194-00062754-00063179 to you to us
oLv4fiG6Rog-00195-00063179-00063479 if you were a project manager
oLv4fiG6Rog-00196-00063479-00063911 in the midst of your project and uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00197-00063912-00064192 you have decided to reduce the costs of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00198-00064194-00064391 the project from the freshly updated
oLv4fiG6Rog-00199-00064391-00064625 cost estimated completion
oLv4fiG6Rog-00200-00064626-00064847 then what would you do to reduce the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00201-00064848-00065147 product total cost at completion
oLv4fiG6Rog-00202-00065148-00065369 so you are in the middle of the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00203-00065370-00065681 and you have a very good estimate of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00204-00065682-00065993 what the costs are to be and you must
oLv4fiG6Rog-00205-00065994-00066341 take some costs off so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00206-00066342-00066725 what would you do
oLv4fiG6Rog-00207-00066726-00066976 you can think about this but I am going
oLv4fiG6Rog-00208-00066977-00067338 to elaborate and give you a kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00209-00067339-00067979 one answer or my opinion about that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00210-00067980-00068176 I think that I just
oLv4fiG6Rog-00211-00068177-00068482 kind of a set it when we were talking
oLv4fiG6Rog-00212-00068483-00068669 about what product cost management is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00213-00068670-00068903 you must take the technical
oLv4fiG6Rog-00214-00068904-00069203 specifications and you must take a red
oLv4fiG6Rog-00215-00069204-00069491 pen and you must
oLv4fiG6Rog-00216-00069492-00069821 kind of a take off some parts of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00217-00069822-00070175 project and product to reduce cost or
oLv4fiG6Rog-00218-00070176-00070693 you must reduce quality or you must
oLv4fiG6Rog-00219-00070694-00071038 take another contractor that is willing
oLv4fiG6Rog-00220-00071039-00071623 to uh do the same work for cheaper price
oLv4fiG6Rog-00221-00071624-00072125 you maybe must invent new working
oLv4fiG6Rog-00222-00072126-00072521 methods for executing the project which
oLv4fiG6Rog-00223-00072522-00072697 are cheaper
oLv4fiG6Rog-00224-00072698-00073163 or you must hire more effective people
oLv4fiG6Rog-00225-00073164-00073523 to do the work so actually it is a very
oLv4fiG6Rog-00226-00073524-00073985 active uh management and and Leadership
oLv4fiG6Rog-00227-00073986-00074531 that you must go into when uh to have an
oLv4fiG6Rog-00228-00074532-00074782 impact on the project cost for example
oLv4fiG6Rog-00229-00074783-00075131 so as I said the cost cannot be managed
oLv4fiG6Rog-00230-00075132-00075323 of their own but you must manage
oLv4fiG6Rog-00231-00075324-00075487 something else
oLv4fiG6Rog-00232-00075488-00075887 to manage the costs and and profit and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00233-00075888-00076126 of kind of a financial outcome of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00234-00076127-00076306 project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00235-00076307-00076481 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00236-00076482-00077009 then now we are going to take up some
oLv4fiG6Rog-00237-00077010-00077585 basic laws of cost behavior in projects
oLv4fiG6Rog-00238-00077586-00078094 and these are laws or invariances that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00239-00078095-00078371 remain unchanged from Project to project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00240-00078372-00078665 they apply to any project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00241-00078666-00079067 and they are connected to the uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00242-00079068-00079355 possibility to influence project level
oLv4fiG6Rog-00243-00079356-00079715 costs uh which the possibility is the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00244-00079716-00079991 biggest at the outset of the project and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00245-00079992-00080243 they are connected to understanding that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00246-00080244-00080544 uh the cost of a change
oLv4fiG6Rog-00247-00080545-00080921 increases exponentially uh the the later
oLv4fiG6Rog-00248-00080922-00081232 you do the actual change okay let's look
oLv4fiG6Rog-00249-00081233-00081679 at this laws and there are three of them
oLv4fiG6Rog-00250-00081680-00082331 law number one comes uh soon but I first
oLv4fiG6Rog-00251-00082332-00082726 show you this uh project or system life
oLv4fiG6Rog-00252-00082727-00083153 cycle uh view which uh shows that the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00253-00083154-00083435 project is only part of the system life
oLv4fiG6Rog-00254-00083436-00083867 cycle okay and now uh law number one
oLv4fiG6Rog-00255-00083868-00084100 the possibility to influence project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00256-00084101-00084461 level costs decreases steeply in the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00257-00084462-00084682 beginning of the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00258-00084683-00084905 and you can see that there is this
oLv4fiG6Rog-00259-00084906-00085150 influence curve the possibility to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00260-00085151-00085475 influence costs uh which kind of a drops
oLv4fiG6Rog-00261-00085476-00085775 uh very abruptly in the very beginning
oLv4fiG6Rog-00262-00085776-00086471 of the project and why is that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00263-00086472-00086819 the natural explanation is that we are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00264-00086820-00087275 making uh purchase agreements
oLv4fiG6Rog-00265-00087276-00087641 we are signing contracts also the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00266-00087642-00087953 investment decision as such is uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00267-00087954-00088253 something that we cannot withdraw
oLv4fiG6Rog-00268-00088254-00088426 necessarily
oLv4fiG6Rog-00269-00088427-00088823 or otherwise our stock price is going to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00270-00088824-00089376 drop if we kind of change our announced
oLv4fiG6Rog-00271-00089377-00089671 decisions to public
oLv4fiG6Rog-00272-00089672-00090082 and the important thing to understand is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00273-00090083-00090217 that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00274-00090218-00090376 the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00275-00090377-00090671 preparing for the project it it requires
oLv4fiG6Rog-00276-00090672-00090994 a very early activities like for example
oLv4fiG6Rog-00277-00090995-00091205 if we are going to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00278-00091206-00091276 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00279-00091277-00091512 build a capital
oLv4fiG6Rog-00280-00091513-00091973 capital product for example uh some kind
oLv4fiG6Rog-00281-00091974-00092279 of a energy system for example we must
oLv4fiG6Rog-00282-00092280-00092561 place an order for the main equipment
oLv4fiG6Rog-00283-00092562-00092879 very early even maybe in the very
oLv4fiG6Rog-00284-00092880-00093088 beginning of the project because the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00285-00093089-00093406 manufacturing time the lead time is so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00286-00093407-00093706 long so that we can get those Main
oLv4fiG6Rog-00287-00093707-00094115 Equipment early to the site and and and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00288-00094116-00094379 the project complete it in time
oLv4fiG6Rog-00289-00094380-00094787 and uh when we signed the contracts so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00290-00094788-00095238 we have committed to them and the cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00291-00095239-00095711 is going to incur only later but we have
oLv4fiG6Rog-00292-00095712-00096059 committed we have committed costs we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00293-00096060-00096287 have assigned them and and that this
oLv4fiG6Rog-00294-00096288-00096659 kind of a cost that already uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00295-00096660-00097241 uh is destined to to happen
oLv4fiG6Rog-00296-00097242-00097337 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00297-00097338-00097835 and uh in many projects we even uh kind
oLv4fiG6Rog-00298-00097836-00098153 of a bind uh the costs in the very early
oLv4fiG6Rog-00299-00098154-00098615 phase and uh after that uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00300-00098616-00098915 beginning of the project it is very
oLv4fiG6Rog-00301-00098916-00099244 difficult to reduce the costs from that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00302-00099245-00099599 level that we are already committed to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00303-00099600-00099826 but what we can do with good management
oLv4fiG6Rog-00304-00099827-00100487 is that we can uh kind of uh uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00305-00100488-00100811 kind of a manage the project well for
oLv4fiG6Rog-00306-00100812-00101147 not letting the costs uh to increase
oLv4fiG6Rog-00307-00101148-00101453 radically from that level
oLv4fiG6Rog-00308-00101454-00101903 so reduction is rather difficult but we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00309-00101904-00102256 can still do a lot for good with good
oLv4fiG6Rog-00310-00102257-00102592 management of preventing the costs from
oLv4fiG6Rog-00311-00102593-00102871 uh kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00312-00102872-00103139 exceeding radically
oLv4fiG6Rog-00313-00103140-00103432 during the project execution
oLv4fiG6Rog-00314-00103433-00103589 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00315-00103590-00103786 that was law number one
oLv4fiG6Rog-00316-00103788-00104086 and law number two the significance of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00317-00104088-00104440 an average decision decrease uh steeply
oLv4fiG6Rog-00318-00104441-00104753 in the beginning of the project okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00319-00104754-00105058 the explanation is almost the same that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00320-00105059-00105358 was in with law number one
oLv4fiG6Rog-00321-00105359-00105604 you can see that the significance of an
oLv4fiG6Rog-00322-00105605-00105995 average decision and its risk impacts uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00323-00105996-00106163 kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00324-00106164-00106325 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00325-00106326-00106708 decrease steeply and we already talked
oLv4fiG6Rog-00326-00106709-00106984 about what this significant decisions uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00327-00106985-00107231 might be they might be kind of replacing
oLv4fiG6Rog-00328-00107232-00107590 the order signing contracts and having a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00329-00107591-00107795 kind of a committed costs even though
oLv4fiG6Rog-00330-00107796-00108149 the costs will incur much later
oLv4fiG6Rog-00331-00108150-00108334 and uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00332-00108335-00108569 then the number of decisions that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00333-00108570-00108863 increases during the project but uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00334-00108864-00109165 decisions are not that uh kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00335-00109166-00109619 mission critical or significant as those
oLv4fiG6Rog-00336-00109620-00109902 uh very early decisions where you really
oLv4fiG6Rog-00337-00109903-00110251 put the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00338-00110252-00110731 in place by by making this really
oLv4fiG6Rog-00339-00110732-00111083 significant commitments
oLv4fiG6Rog-00340-00111083-00111397 okay law number three
oLv4fiG6Rog-00341-00111398-00111677 the cost of a change
oLv4fiG6Rog-00342-00111678-00111893 in the design of the project scope
oLv4fiG6Rog-00343-00111894-00112102 increases exponentially
oLv4fiG6Rog-00344-00112103-00112319 to watch the end of the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00345-00112320-00112595 and why that would be
oLv4fiG6Rog-00346-00112596-00112804 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00347-00112805-00113177 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00348-00113178-00113549 when we are going to make a change and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00349-00113550-00113884 if we do make the change later
oLv4fiG6Rog-00350-00113885-00114433 uh it has happened so that many
oLv4fiG6Rog-00351-00114433-00114749 let's say
oLv4fiG6Rog-00352-00114750-00115139 other plans or other commitments have
oLv4fiG6Rog-00353-00115140-00115558 been built on that uh specific
oLv4fiG6Rog-00354-00115559-00115847 um item or
oLv4fiG6Rog-00355-00115848-00116123 um or implemented thing that we are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00356-00116124-00116423 going to change later and the later we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00357-00116424-00116836 change something that we already have
oLv4fiG6Rog-00358-00116838-00117036 fixed in the very
oLv4fiG6Rog-00359-00117038-00117427 early phases of the project the more
oLv4fiG6Rog-00360-00117428-00117754 let's say indirect changes it leads to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00361-00117755-00118108 so we must then maybe not only change
oLv4fiG6Rog-00362-00118109-00118421 that one specific plan or that one
oLv4fiG6Rog-00363-00118422-00118828 specific thing but also 10 other plans
oLv4fiG6Rog-00364-00118829-00119075 or 10 other things that are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00365-00119076-00119454 have been built on on that specific
oLv4fiG6Rog-00366-00119455-00119752 decision or or plan
oLv4fiG6Rog-00367-00119753-00119908 and uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00368-00119909-00120293 in this respect we can also uh take the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00369-00120294-00120719 concept of a let's say freezing freezing
oLv4fiG6Rog-00370-00120720-00121225 plants uh uh up and uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00371-00121226-00121715 well make a notion that it is very
oLv4fiG6Rog-00372-00121716-00122158 worthwhile to kind of a freeze certain
oLv4fiG6Rog-00373-00122159-00122507 plants during the project so that they
oLv4fiG6Rog-00374-00122508-00122849 cannot anymore be changed and we can
oLv4fiG6Rog-00375-00122850-00123389 then build uh on continual plans based
oLv4fiG6Rog-00376-00123390-00123631 on that specific Frozen
oLv4fiG6Rog-00377-00123632-00123871 plan plan
oLv4fiG6Rog-00378-00123872-00124225 for example in engineering area we have
oLv4fiG6Rog-00379-00124226-00124715 different categories of of freezing the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00380-00124716-00124913 documents for example engineering
oLv4fiG6Rog-00381-00124914-00125110 documents
oLv4fiG6Rog-00382-00125111-00125440 um we can have for example approved for
oLv4fiG6Rog-00383-00125441-00125677 design afd
oLv4fiG6Rog-00384-00125678-00126001 type of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00385-00126002-00126221 kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00386-00126222-00126652 uh decision on certain plan which means
oLv4fiG6Rog-00387-00126653-00126965 that this plan can be used for further
oLv4fiG6Rog-00388-00126966-00127283 specifications and further designing of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00389-00127283-00127613 of further equipment for example or then
oLv4fiG6Rog-00390-00127614-00127949 we can have this kind of a approved for
oLv4fiG6Rog-00391-00127950-00128290 procurement where we can use a plan or a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00392-00128291-00128652 specification for uh procuring even
oLv4fiG6Rog-00393-00128653-00128808 external
oLv4fiG6Rog-00394-00128809-00129389 equipment so it is kind of a more uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00395-00129390-00129784 let's say a solid way of freezing
oLv4fiG6Rog-00396-00129785-00130019 something and give permission than or
oLv4fiG6Rog-00397-00130020-00130384 even to place orders outside based on
oLv4fiG6Rog-00398-00130385-00130799 that specification but this Frozen with
oLv4fiG6Rog-00399-00130800-00131010 this
oLv4fiG6Rog-00400-00131011-00131407 AFP approved for procurement
oLv4fiG6Rog-00401-00131408-00131825 type of of over
oLv4fiG6Rog-00402-00131826-00132125 Frozen document
oLv4fiG6Rog-00403-00132126-00132335 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00404-00132336-00132485 now
oLv4fiG6Rog-00405-00132486-00132875 we went through the basic laws which is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00406-00132876-00133307 kind of a certain kind of a gives us an
oLv4fiG6Rog-00407-00133308-00133535 understanding of how to manage the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00408-00133536-00133787 project overall and and what other kind
oLv4fiG6Rog-00409-00133788-00134189 of a laws in any type of a project and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00410-00134190-00134471 now we are going to uh look at the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00411-00134472-00134740 hierarchical structure structures for
oLv4fiG6Rog-00412-00134741-00134933 cost recording
oLv4fiG6Rog-00413-00134934-00135178 so we already have been discussed about
oLv4fiG6Rog-00414-00135179-00135449 work breakdown structure
oLv4fiG6Rog-00415-00135450-00135869 VBS organization breakdown structure OBS
oLv4fiG6Rog-00416-00135870-00136414 and cost breakdown structure CBS
oLv4fiG6Rog-00417-00136415-00136607 well
oLv4fiG6Rog-00418-00136608-00136919 we have here the work breaker structure
oLv4fiG6Rog-00419-00136920-00137243 which is a structure of the project it
oLv4fiG6Rog-00420-00137244-00137340 is a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00421-00137341-00137593 itemization of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00422-00137594-00138040 product into a part partial pro products
oLv4fiG6Rog-00423-00138041-00138425 and then the work items that are needed
oLv4fiG6Rog-00424-00138426-00138940 to make the project and its product
oLv4fiG6Rog-00425-00138941-00139061 parts
oLv4fiG6Rog-00426-00139062-00139409 and now we can see in this picture that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00427-00139410-00139752 there is this OBS which is a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00428-00139753-00140075 structure of the organization that is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00429-00140076-00140399 the firm firms organization
oLv4fiG6Rog-00430-00140400-00140587 and there is a kind of a matrix
oLv4fiG6Rog-00431-00140588-00140897 structure where we can see in the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00432-00140898-00141145 intersections that which
oLv4fiG6Rog-00433-00141146-00141487 Departments of the firms organization
oLv4fiG6Rog-00434-00141488-00142001 are going to put resources in which work
oLv4fiG6Rog-00435-00142002-00142271 breakdown structure elements
oLv4fiG6Rog-00436-00142272-00142637 so this is a resource based View
oLv4fiG6Rog-00437-00142638-00142819 so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00438-00142820-00142981 which
oLv4fiG6Rog-00439-00142982-00143440 departments are going to lend uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00440-00143441-00143728 resources to the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00441-00143729-00144023 uh in those intersections where the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00442-00144024-00144509 resources are kind of needed
oLv4fiG6Rog-00443-00144510-00144845 and we are calling uh this uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00444-00144846-00145252 intersections as work packages
oLv4fiG6Rog-00445-00145253-00145601 but now now that we have this uh picture
oLv4fiG6Rog-00446-00145602-00146023 so I'm going to step to a kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00447-00146024-00146209 another
oLv4fiG6Rog-00448-00146210-00146525 picture which through which I want to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00449-00146526-00146728 emphasize the fact that now we are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00450-00146729-00147023 talking about the resourcing
oLv4fiG6Rog-00451-00147024-00147287 the perspective of resourcing the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00452-00147288-00147575 project and not necessarily the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00453-00147576-00147811 organizational perspective of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00454-00147812-00147966 responsibilities
oLv4fiG6Rog-00455-00147967-00148469 uh in the project organization so the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00456-00148470-00148769 resourcing view is different than the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00457-00148770-00148949 responsibility View
oLv4fiG6Rog-00458-00148950-00149231 and now I'm going to step a little bit
oLv4fiG6Rog-00459-00149232-00149861 aside and emphasize this fact
oLv4fiG6Rog-00460-00149862-00150107 so there there is a difference between
oLv4fiG6Rog-00461-00150108-00150287 the resources perspective and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00462-00150288-00150575 responsibility perspective
oLv4fiG6Rog-00463-00150576-00150731 and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00464-00150732-00151223 now we are talking here only about the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00465-00151224-00151469 resourcing perspective
oLv4fiG6Rog-00466-00151470-00151907 and uh responsibility perspective is a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00467-00151908-00152099 completely different thing
oLv4fiG6Rog-00468-00152100-00152363 and we are not necessarily talking about
oLv4fiG6Rog-00469-00152364-00152716 that at all
oLv4fiG6Rog-00470-00152717-00153004 if we would like to take uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00471-00153005-00153299 responsibility view then we would talk
oLv4fiG6Rog-00472-00153300-00153623 about procurement packages by giving the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00473-00153624-00153845 responsibility to certain contractors
oLv4fiG6Rog-00474-00153846-00154054 for a bigger
oLv4fiG6Rog-00475-00154055-00154471 chunks of the project work or
oLv4fiG6Rog-00476-00154472-00154681 responsibility areas in the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00477-00154682-00154943 Organization for example responsibility
oLv4fiG6Rog-00478-00154944-00155183 areas or sub-project managers
oLv4fiG6Rog-00479-00155184-00155369 but that project organization
oLv4fiG6Rog-00480-00155370-00155585 perspective and the responsibilities is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00481-00155586-00155663 different
oLv4fiG6Rog-00482-00155664-00155975 and now this responsibility areas are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00483-00155976-00156263 depicted in this picture as this kind of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00484-00156264-00156635 green boxes that we must design
oLv4fiG6Rog-00485-00156636-00156964 who takes responsibility of which part
oLv4fiG6Rog-00486-00156965-00157133 of the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00487-00157134-00157259 but
oLv4fiG6Rog-00488-00157260-00157463 we are talking about the resources
oLv4fiG6Rog-00489-00157464-00157889 perspective and let's get back to this
oLv4fiG6Rog-00490-00157890-00158189 resourcing or resources perspective now
oLv4fiG6Rog-00491-00158190-00158411 in the next slide
oLv4fiG6Rog-00492-00158412-00158719 okay now we have this
oLv4fiG6Rog-00493-00158720-00159064 same picture that we had previously but
oLv4fiG6Rog-00494-00159065-00159349 now we are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00495-00159350-00159599 recognizing that we are talking about
oLv4fiG6Rog-00496-00159600-00159826 cost accounts when we are talking about
oLv4fiG6Rog-00497-00159827-00160151 cost recording instead of work packages
oLv4fiG6Rog-00498-00160152-00160451 so these intersections of VBS and OBS
oLv4fiG6Rog-00499-00160452-00160781 they are cost accounts they can be
oLv4fiG6Rog-00500-00160782-00160954 called cost accounts when we are talking
oLv4fiG6Rog-00501-00160955-00161404 about the cost recording View
oLv4fiG6Rog-00502-00161405-00161669 then we have the third dimension which
oLv4fiG6Rog-00503-00161670-00162101 is uh cost breakdown structure CBS
oLv4fiG6Rog-00504-00162102-00162616 and also this CBS like the OBS it is the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00505-00162617-00162869 structure of the firm not the structure
oLv4fiG6Rog-00506-00162870-00163102 of the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00507-00163103-00163481 and it is connected to uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00508-00163482-00163626 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00509-00163627-00163943 accounts in the management accounting
oLv4fiG6Rog-00510-00163944-00164423 system uh uh these cost types are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00511-00164424-00164807 connected to uh the accounts uh in The
oLv4fiG6Rog-00512-00164808-00165185 Firm so there are some examples what the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00513-00165186-00165449 cost types can be for example personal
oLv4fiG6Rog-00514-00165450-00165713 costs wages and salaries traveling
oLv4fiG6Rog-00515-00165714-00165983 material and services and in an income
oLv4fiG6Rog-00516-00165984-00166390 so this is connected to the kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00517-00166391-00166781 Accounting in in a firm and that also as
oLv4fiG6Rog-00518-00166782-00167202 a firm structure that helps to itemize
oLv4fiG6Rog-00519-00167203-00167681 the project costs in with in any of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00520-00167682-00167849 firms projects
oLv4fiG6Rog-00521-00167850-00168269 but uh only the webs work breakdown
oLv4fiG6Rog-00522-00168270-00168943 structure uh is uh the genuine project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00523-00168944-00169307 itemization or project breakdown and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00524-00169308-00169525 others are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00525-00169526-00169816 breakdowns that are connected to the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00526-00169817-00170125 firms
oLv4fiG6Rog-00527-00170126-00170459 uh okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00528-00170460-00170640 um now
oLv4fiG6Rog-00529-00170641-00171004 we have this tidal cost Cube we have a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00530-00171005-00171275 three three-dimensional hierarchical uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00531-00171276-00171635 kind of a structure our combination of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00532-00171636-00171725 uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00533-00171726-00172073 three hierarchical structures and we can
oLv4fiG6Rog-00534-00172074-00172625 also uh depict this uh three dimensions
oLv4fiG6Rog-00535-00172626-00172883 uh with this kind of a cube where we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00536-00172884-00173016 have uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00537-00173017-00173495 WBS OBS and CBS
oLv4fiG6Rog-00538-00173496-00173837 and we can also add their fourth
oLv4fiG6Rog-00539-00173838-00174251 dimension which is the time
oLv4fiG6Rog-00540-00174252-00174725 okay and now what I want to now
oLv4fiG6Rog-00541-00174726-00174797 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00542-00174798-00175225 talk with you is uh the uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00543-00175226-00175709 itemization and uh and uh level of uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00544-00175710-00175975 let's say
oLv4fiG6Rog-00545-00175976-00176369 detailed itemization itemization of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00546-00176370-00176614 cost elements
oLv4fiG6Rog-00547-00176615-00176933 and uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00548-00176934-00177557 I want now first to make a notion that
oLv4fiG6Rog-00549-00177558-00177871 what costs we are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00550-00177872-00178121 recording to this hierarchical
oLv4fiG6Rog-00551-00178122-00178271 structures
oLv4fiG6Rog-00552-00178272-00178595 and that is not only actual costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-00553-00178596-00178871 it can be uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00554-00178872-00179278 estimates and it can be budget sums
oLv4fiG6Rog-00555-00179279-00179675 and we can record these costs to these
oLv4fiG6Rog-00556-00179676-00179902 structures
oLv4fiG6Rog-00557-00179903-00180197 already before the project even has
oLv4fiG6Rog-00558-00180198-00180540 started we can record
oLv4fiG6Rog-00559-00180541-00180814 estimates to this hierarchical
oLv4fiG6Rog-00560-00180815-00181007 structures much before
oLv4fiG6Rog-00561-00181008-00181366 the cost is going to incur
oLv4fiG6Rog-00562-00181367-00181714 also committed costs are recorded to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00563-00181715-00181973 these items very early when we assign
oLv4fiG6Rog-00564-00181974-00182231 the contracts and so on
oLv4fiG6Rog-00565-00182232-00182399 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00566-00182400-00182866 uh let's uh now think about recording
oLv4fiG6Rog-00567-00182867-00183088 cost estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-00568-00183089-00183490 and if we have for example a very simple
oLv4fiG6Rog-00569-00183491-00183811 uh work breakdown structure
oLv4fiG6Rog-00570-00183812-00184031 with only
oLv4fiG6Rog-00571-00184032-00184390 10 items at the lowest level
oLv4fiG6Rog-00572-00184391-00184793 then we have a firms organization which
oLv4fiG6Rog-00573-00184794-00185087 has 10 departments only
oLv4fiG6Rog-00574-00185088-00185476 so OBS has at the lowest level of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00575-00185477-00185819 hierarchy only 10 departments
oLv4fiG6Rog-00576-00185820-00186043 so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00577-00186044-00186551 WBS OBS we have uh 10 times 10 10 we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00578-00186552-00186778 have potentially
oLv4fiG6Rog-00579-00186779-00186845 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00580-00186846-00187121 100 positions for
oLv4fiG6Rog-00581-00187122-00187559 cost estimates so we can itemize our
oLv4fiG6Rog-00582-00187560-00187840 cost estimates to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00583-00187841-00188069 100 different sums
oLv4fiG6Rog-00584-00188070-00188302 if each department
oLv4fiG6Rog-00585-00188303-00188566 is going to participate with their
oLv4fiG6Rog-00586-00188567-00188825 working hours for example to each work
oLv4fiG6Rog-00587-00188826-00189178 breakdown structure item
oLv4fiG6Rog-00588-00189179-00189545 and then when we have uh for example uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00589-00189546-00190054 in a simple uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00590-00190055-00190385 cost account system we have for example
oLv4fiG6Rog-00591-00190386-00190685 10 cost types
oLv4fiG6Rog-00592-00190686-00190945 then we can also
oLv4fiG6Rog-00593-00190946-00191107 subdivide
oLv4fiG6Rog-00594-00191108-00191525 the estimates into 10 different cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00595-00191526-00191747 types so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00596-00191748-00192304 100 times 10 that is 1000 cost estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-00597-00192305-00192659 and then if we have a project with 10
oLv4fiG6Rog-00598-00192660-00192916 months and we want to have monthly
oLv4fiG6Rog-00599-00192917-00193343 estimate for this so it is 10 times 1000
oLv4fiG6Rog-00600-00193344-00193499 so we are 10
oLv4fiG6Rog-00601-00193500-00193687 000 potential
oLv4fiG6Rog-00602-00193688-00194057 places for placing the cost estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-00603-00194058-00194428 sums and also budget jumps
oLv4fiG6Rog-00604-00194429-00194602 so uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00605-00194603-00195040 with this example of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00606-00195041-00195323 how let's say
oLv4fiG6Rog-00607-00195324-00195676 into detail we can go with kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00608-00195677-00196007 recording our cost estimates and budgets
oLv4fiG6Rog-00609-00196008-00196540 uh I just want to indicate uh the fact
oLv4fiG6Rog-00610-00196541-00196854 that we should use our
oLv4fiG6Rog-00611-00196855-00197225 let's say sensible thinking of how
oLv4fiG6Rog-00612-00197226-00197687 detailed uh estimates we want to make to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00613-00197688-00197838 our cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00614-00197839-00198371 control system and then start comparing
oLv4fiG6Rog-00615-00198372-00198743 the estimates budget and budgets and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00616-00198744-00199049 probably some other like actual costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-00617-00199050-00199493 and the message is that we should remain
oLv4fiG6Rog-00618-00199494-00199757 with cost estimates and budgets at the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00619-00199758-00200188 kind of a high enough level uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00620-00200189-00200602 not to kind of make the project cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00621-00200603-00200981 control so elaborate that we are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00622-00200982-00201240 reporting a very detailed level
oLv4fiG6Rog-00623-00201241-00201533 differences there otherwise there would
oLv4fiG6Rog-00624-00201534-00201766 be a lot of differences at the data
oLv4fiG6Rog-00625-00201767-00202102 level and we cannot anymore we couldn't
oLv4fiG6Rog-00626-00202103-00202283 anymore concentrate on managing the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00627-00202284-00202475 project but we are managing actually the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00628-00202476-00202763 cost control system of the project if we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00629-00202764-00203128 go into too much of details but for
oLv4fiG6Rog-00630-00203129-00203350 those actual costs we can always record
oLv4fiG6Rog-00631-00203351-00203638 them at the very lowest uh very kind of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00632-00203639-00203890 a most detailed level in this
oLv4fiG6Rog-00633-00203891-00204197 hierarchies because uh there is no
oLv4fiG6Rog-00634-00204198-00204437 problem of kind of a recording
oLv4fiG6Rog-00635-00204438-00204635 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00636-00204636-00204958 uh the cost to the most accurate level
oLv4fiG6Rog-00637-00204959-00205198 from the purchase order or from the kind
oLv4fiG6Rog-00638-00205200-00205684 of a time card uh working hours on a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00639-00205685-00205931 weekly basis so we can always make the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00640-00205932-00206171 actual cost recordings at the most
oLv4fiG6Rog-00641-00206171-00206453 detailed level
oLv4fiG6Rog-00642-00206454-00206596 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00643-00206598-00207016 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00644-00207017-00207173 let's
oLv4fiG6Rog-00645-00207173-00207640 take next uh uh what I already said
oLv4fiG6Rog-00646-00207641-00207869 about the estimates and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00647-00207869-00208282 and budget and committed costs and not
oLv4fiG6Rog-00648-00208283-00208534 only recording actual costs let's take a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00649-00208535-00208738 picture where I
oLv4fiG6Rog-00650-00208739-00208996 with which I underline the kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00651-00208998-00209362 timing principles of uh of course
oLv4fiG6Rog-00652-00209363-00209627 so the timing principles in cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00653-00209628-00209782 recording
oLv4fiG6Rog-00654-00209783-00210239 uh we must understand that we use the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00655-00210240-00210563 this hierarchical uh structures for
oLv4fiG6Rog-00656-00210564-00210796 recording estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-00657-00210798-00211013 recording budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-00658-00211014-00211331 at certain level of detail
oLv4fiG6Rog-00659-00211332-00211639 committed costs which we basically
oLv4fiG6Rog-00660-00211640-00212117 record to our procurement system with
oLv4fiG6Rog-00661-00212117-00212555 certain project numbers in and and we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00662-00212556-00212771 are kind of a following already when
oLv4fiG6Rog-00663-00212771-00213179 signing the contract the committed costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-00664-00213180-00213527 then actual costs are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00665-00213528-00213946 always recorded in firms based on the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00666-00213948-00214367 actual principle uh so that is based on
oLv4fiG6Rog-00667-00214367-00214744 the kind of a real life delivery real
oLv4fiG6Rog-00668-00214746-00214842 life
oLv4fiG6Rog-00669-00214844-00215117 delivery kind of a dictates when the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00670-00215117-00215453 cost uh incurs
oLv4fiG6Rog-00671-00215454-00215806 or when the profit incurs for the one
oLv4fiG6Rog-00672-00215807-00216082 who delivers the service or the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00673-00216083-00216232 equipment
oLv4fiG6Rog-00674-00216233-00216689 and the money flow can then take place
oLv4fiG6Rog-00675-00216690-00216977 much later and then we are talking about
oLv4fiG6Rog-00676-00216978-00217282 the cash based costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-00677-00217283-00217546 so there can be some kind of a delay of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00678-00217548-00217884 invoicing and there can also be some
oLv4fiG6Rog-00679-00217885-00218417 time to pay and so on so uh the cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00680-00218417-00218782 incur when the kind of a real
oLv4fiG6Rog-00681-00218783-00219229 let's say transaction happens and then
oLv4fiG6Rog-00682-00219230-00219863 the cash based money flow takes place
oLv4fiG6Rog-00683-00219864-00220181 later and both aspects are important
oLv4fiG6Rog-00684-00220182-00220471 also the cash based
oLv4fiG6Rog-00685-00220471-00220829 costs are important when making the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00686-00220830-00221075 contracts for example with a contractor
oLv4fiG6Rog-00687-00221076-00221344 so it is important that the contractor
oLv4fiG6Rog-00688-00221346-00221531 doesn't Finance the customer and the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00689-00221532-00221713 customer doesn't Finance the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00690-00221714-00222101 contractor but the cash flows are in
oLv4fiG6Rog-00691-00222102-00222601 balance in terms of how the actual work
oLv4fiG6Rog-00692-00222602-00222929 progresses so that there wouldn't be too
oLv4fiG6Rog-00693-00222930-00223355 much a kind of a financing too either
oLv4fiG6Rog-00694-00223356-00223546 direction from the customer to the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00695-00223548-00223834 supplier or the supplier to the customer
oLv4fiG6Rog-00696-00223835-00224153 and then in this picture there is this
oLv4fiG6Rog-00697-00224154-00224356 number five recording information from
oLv4fiG6Rog-00698-00224357-00224627 the received invoice uh that is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00699-00224628-00224837 somewhere in between when you get an
oLv4fiG6Rog-00700-00224838-00225058 invoice and you record it so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00701-00225059-00225437 um I don't even know how to call it but
oLv4fiG6Rog-00702-00225438-00225779 uh it is not kind of a cruel principle
oLv4fiG6Rog-00703-00225780-00226060 based on costs uh kind of a when the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00704-00226061-00226432 cost real uh really incurs or it is not
oLv4fiG6Rog-00705-00226433-00226667 the cash based but it is something in
oLv4fiG6Rog-00706-00226667-00226942 between just recording from the kind of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00707-00226944-00227087 a universe
oLv4fiG6Rog-00708-00227088-00227242 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00709-00227244-00227339 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00710-00227340-00227682 but I think that these things are rather
oLv4fiG6Rog-00711-00227683-00228144 familiar to you also from the industrial
oLv4fiG6Rog-00712-00228146-00228425 introduction to industrial engineering
oLv4fiG6Rog-00713-00228426-00228598 and management course so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00714-00228600-00228917 um so I think that this is kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00715-00228917-00229301 rather basic stuff still but it applies
oLv4fiG6Rog-00716-00229302-00229487 to projects as well because projects
oLv4fiG6Rog-00717-00229488-00229879 take place in companies and the company
oLv4fiG6Rog-00718-00229880-00230298 systems information systems are used uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00719-00230300-00230603 in an integrated manner to project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00720-00230604-00230915 management and project follow-up
oLv4fiG6Rog-00721-00230916-00231137 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00722-00231138-00231581 now uh there is a question multiple
oLv4fiG6Rog-00723-00231582-00231821 choice question to you
oLv4fiG6Rog-00724-00231821-00232055 and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00725-00232056-00232319 the question is in your opinion which
oLv4fiG6Rog-00726-00232319-00232619 ones of the following statements uh are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00727-00232619-00232769 true
oLv4fiG6Rog-00728-00232769-00233146 and if you want you can put the video
oLv4fiG6Rog-00729-00233148-00233471 in a kind of a pause mode and think
oLv4fiG6Rog-00730-00233471-00233806 about your answers I'm going to tell my
oLv4fiG6Rog-00731-00233807-00234310 elaboration about the answers now
oLv4fiG6Rog-00732-00234311-00234653 um first the more detailed the cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00733-00234654-00235015 element the composition
oLv4fiG6Rog-00734-00235016-00235373 it's allowing to estimate cost for
oLv4fiG6Rog-00735-00235373-00235565 detailed itemized elements the more
oLv4fiG6Rog-00736-00235566-00235787 accurate the resulting aggregate project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00737-00235788-00236081 cost estimate is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00738-00236082-00236201 so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00739-00236202-00236315 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00740-00236316-00236698 I just kind of maybe indirectly said
oLv4fiG6Rog-00741-00236700-00237221 that this is not true this is false uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00742-00237221-00237581 or this is not necessarily true because
oLv4fiG6Rog-00743-00237582-00238013 uh when we go into very detailed
oLv4fiG6Rog-00744-00238014-00238246 decomposition we cannot necessarily
oLv4fiG6Rog-00745-00238248-00238606 anymore see uh the wood from uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00746-00238607-00239032 trees and we need also
oLv4fiG6Rog-00747-00239033-00239417 um top down high level uh estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-00748-00239417-00239644 where we compare the Project's total
oLv4fiG6Rog-00749-00239646-00239987 cost with other similar projects and we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00750-00239988-00240256 might need also the bottom up uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00751-00240257-00240619 that cost calculations uh to understand
oLv4fiG6Rog-00752-00240619-00241055 another view of the cost estimate so the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00753-00241056-00241356 cost estimate accuracy accuracy doesn't
oLv4fiG6Rog-00754-00241357-00241756 necessarily come from a detailed cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00755-00241757-00242021 element decomposition it can even be the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00756-00242021-00242225 vice versa
oLv4fiG6Rog-00757-00242226-00242608 okay uh then the second one the cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00758-00242609-00242819 estimates are updated continuously
oLv4fiG6Rog-00759-00242819-00243125 throughout the Project Life Cycle yes uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00760-00243126-00243406 and when we later are talking also about
oLv4fiG6Rog-00761-00243407-00243737 the deviation reporting and how we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00762-00243738-00243977 should look uh to the Future at the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00763-00243978-00244192 completion of the project we must really
oLv4fiG6Rog-00764-00244194-00244608 uh understand uh uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00765-00244609-00244782 continuously
oLv4fiG6Rog-00766-00244783-00245219 about what the latest uh estimate or
oLv4fiG6Rog-00767-00245219-00245482 article project completion is so yes
oLv4fiG6Rog-00768-00245483-00245615 this is true
oLv4fiG6Rog-00769-00245616-00245855 then number three project cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00770-00245856-00246046 management doesn't include estimating
oLv4fiG6Rog-00771-00246048-00246208 revenues
oLv4fiG6Rog-00772-00246209-00246484 okay we defined a project cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00773-00246485-00246701 management rather broadly and uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00774-00246702-00247146 definitely this is false so it includes
oLv4fiG6Rog-00775-00247148-00247427 revenues it includes the benefits it
oLv4fiG6Rog-00776-00247428-00247871 includes many uh other things that are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00777-00247871-00248201 connected to the actual business of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00778-00248202-00248560 firm of the of the several firms
oLv4fiG6Rog-00779-00248561-00249010 number four estimate uh is a kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00780-00249011-00249227 foreign cost so cost estimate is a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00781-00249228-00249544 representation of course that is of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00782-00249546-00249856 nature of a forecast yes this is true
oLv4fiG6Rog-00783-00249857-00250163 and then number five budget is the same
oLv4fiG6Rog-00784-00250164-00250396 as kind of a cost objective or cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00785-00250398-00250792 objective is actually called budget yes
oLv4fiG6Rog-00786-00250794-00251063 this is true
oLv4fiG6Rog-00787-00251064-00251215 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00788-00251216-00251741 now let's talk about cost estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-00789-00251742-00252341 and cost estimating
oLv4fiG6Rog-00790-00252342-00252491 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00791-00252492-00252905 and I'm going to elaborate this uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00792-00252906-00253415 subject by uh talking now about a risk
oLv4fiG6Rog-00793-00253416-00253775 assessment and the application of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00794-00253776-00253991 three-point method in risk assessment
oLv4fiG6Rog-00795-00253992-00254429 where we actually assess the risks in
oLv4fiG6Rog-00796-00254430-00254801 terms of their cost implications
oLv4fiG6Rog-00797-00254802-00255181 okay I think that this is rather natural
oLv4fiG6Rog-00798-00255182-00255439 to talk about this three-point method
oLv4fiG6Rog-00799-00255440-00256042 and we kind of uh kill uh two birds with
oLv4fiG6Rog-00800-00256044-00256192 one stone we are talking about cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00801-00256194-00256456 estimating and we are talking about risk
oLv4fiG6Rog-00802-00256457-00256891 estimating at the same time in a way
oLv4fiG6Rog-00803-00256892-00257267 this picture is familiar to you from
oLv4fiG6Rog-00804-00257267-00257513 previous uh lectures
oLv4fiG6Rog-00805-00257514-00257867 and I don't think that I need to explain
oLv4fiG6Rog-00806-00257867-00258005 that uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00807-00258006-00258323 or repeat the explanation that I did in
oLv4fiG6Rog-00808-00258323-00258610 those previous lecture lectures about
oLv4fiG6Rog-00809-00258611-00259132 this uh picture so uh we are talking
oLv4fiG6Rog-00810-00259133-00259492 about cost estimates or risk estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-00811-00259494-00259860 if you like where we are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00812-00259861-00260279 estimating uh the cost in terms of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00813-00260280-00260701 minimum most probable and maximum
oLv4fiG6Rog-00814-00260702-00261029 estimate values
oLv4fiG6Rog-00815-00261030-00261432 and we can
oLv4fiG6Rog-00816-00261433-00261853 assume that these three values are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00817-00261854-00262229 parameters of skewed probability
oLv4fiG6Rog-00818-00262230-00262384 distribution
oLv4fiG6Rog-00819-00262385-00262691 like for example beta distribution which
oLv4fiG6Rog-00820-00262692-00263023 is not a continuous distribution
oLv4fiG6Rog-00821-00263024-00263206 and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00822-00263207-00263560 when we use the approximation provided
oLv4fiG6Rog-00823-00263561-00264005 to us by the birth method p-e-r-t
oLv4fiG6Rog-00824-00264006-00264323 program Evolution review technique where
oLv4fiG6Rog-00825-00264324-00264677 uh that technique allows a stochastic
oLv4fiG6Rog-00826-00264678-00265045 interpretation of uh of of a certain
oLv4fiG6Rog-00827-00265046-00265282 let's say variables
oLv4fiG6Rog-00828-00265283-00265567 then we can
oLv4fiG6Rog-00829-00265568-00265889 calculate the approximation of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00830-00265890-00266130 expected value or mean
oLv4fiG6Rog-00831-00266131-00266399 and standard deviation with the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00832-00266400-00266632 equations that are shown in the right
oLv4fiG6Rog-00833-00266633-00266980 corner of this picture
oLv4fiG6Rog-00834-00266981-00267095 so
oLv4fiG6Rog-00835-00267096-00267329 expected value is minimum plus four
oLv4fiG6Rog-00836-00267330-00267803 times most probably plus maximum divided
oLv4fiG6Rog-00837-00267804-00268043 by six standard deviation is maximum
oLv4fiG6Rog-00838-00268044-00268456 minus minimum divided by six and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00839-00268457-00268951 we have been calculating uh this mean
oLv4fiG6Rog-00840-00268952-00269255 and standard deviation values in this
oLv4fiG6Rog-00841-00269256-00269473 picture when we have this estimate of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00842-00269474-00269951 minimum 150 most probable 250 and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00843-00269952-00270353 maximum 600. and how do we use these
oLv4fiG6Rog-00844-00270354-00270779 estimates then uh in
oLv4fiG6Rog-00845-00270780-00271084 the overall cost estimating of or total
oLv4fiG6Rog-00846-00271085-00271506 cost estimating of the project or
oLv4fiG6Rog-00847-00271507-00271858 estimating the risks of a project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00848-00271859-00272129 so here is an example
oLv4fiG6Rog-00849-00272130-00272315 so um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00850-00272316-00272603 we have a basic estimate the basic
oLv4fiG6Rog-00851-00272604-00273053 estimate can be this 150 250 and 600 as
oLv4fiG6Rog-00852-00273054-00273523 you can see in this table
oLv4fiG6Rog-00853-00273524-00273947 and um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00854-00273948-00274229 it also could be that the basic estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-00855-00274230-00274379 could be only
oLv4fiG6Rog-00856-00274380-00274775 uh kind of a including not necessarily
oLv4fiG6Rog-00857-00274776-00275056 variation at all but it can be that the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00858-00275057-00275260 minimum most probable and maximum would
oLv4fiG6Rog-00859-00275261-00275645 all be for example 250 but then we have
oLv4fiG6Rog-00860-00275646-00275993 identified certain risks which are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00861-00275994-00276208 weather conditions
oLv4fiG6Rog-00862-00276209-00276563 uh attitude of customer
oLv4fiG6Rog-00863-00276564-00276995 and staff motivation
oLv4fiG6Rog-00864-00276996-00277265 so it's rather interesting also here
oLv4fiG6Rog-00865-00277266-00277523 that we have identified risks which are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00866-00277524-00277801 immaterial and they are not necessarily
oLv4fiG6Rog-00867-00277802-00278230 connected to the detailed composition of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00868-00278231-00278501 the cost elements of our cost estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-00869-00278502-00278905 but we kind of look the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00870-00278906-00279347 very broadly and we think diff uh kind
oLv4fiG6Rog-00871-00279348-00279587 of risks that may affect the whole
oLv4fiG6Rog-00872-00279588-00279851 project and they cannot necessarily be
oLv4fiG6Rog-00873-00279852-00280199 itemized according to the basic cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-00874-00280200-00280523 estimate itemization necessarily
oLv4fiG6Rog-00875-00280524-00280847 and we can see that for example in the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00876-00280848-00281149 estimate of weather conditions uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00877-00281150-00281423 estimate of weather conditions uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00878-00281424-00281753 minimum is minus 50 which means that in
oLv4fiG6Rog-00879-00281754-00281999 a very favorable weather conditions we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00880-00282000-00282329 even can reduce or the cost can be
oLv4fiG6Rog-00881-00282330-00282919 reduced by uh in the most favorable uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00882-00282920-00283295 situation with 50 euros
oLv4fiG6Rog-00883-00283296-00283589 and then of course the maximum uh there
oLv4fiG6Rog-00884-00283590-00283775 is a secure distribution but the maximum
oLv4fiG6Rog-00885-00283776-00284147 is is is further away to the unfavorable
oLv4fiG6Rog-00886-00284148-00284489 site which is 150 and also attitude of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00887-00284490-00284753 the customer and staff motivation there
oLv4fiG6Rog-00888-00284754-00285058 can be also favorable outcomes uh you
oLv4fiG6Rog-00889-00285059-00285421 can see the minus
oLv4fiG6Rog-00890-00285422-00285827 numbers uh in in the minimum estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-00891-00285828-00285929 of those
oLv4fiG6Rog-00892-00285930-00286313 okay now we use uh these equations and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00893-00286314-00286519 calculate the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00894-00286520-00286769 expected value for each
oLv4fiG6Rog-00895-00286770-00287080 of the uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00896-00287081-00287269 let's say
oLv4fiG6Rog-00897-00287270-00287867 risk or or each uh partial distribution
oLv4fiG6Rog-00898-00287868-00288245 uh and also the standard deviation for
oLv4fiG6Rog-00899-00288246-00288617 each distribution and then we calculate
oLv4fiG6Rog-00900-00288618-00289043 uh the total cost effect or total risk
oLv4fiG6Rog-00901-00289044-00289465 effect by uh summing up the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00902-00289466-00289679 expected values
oLv4fiG6Rog-00903-00289680-00290075 and we get uh the expected value of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00904-00290076-00290410 whole project with these risk effects
oLv4fiG6Rog-00905-00290411-00290956 which is 379 and then we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00906-00290957-00291108 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-00907-00291109-00291521 uh take the power of two of the standard
oLv4fiG6Rog-00908-00291522-00291863 deviation where we and we actually have
oLv4fiG6Rog-00909-00291864-00292163 the variations of each distribution and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00910-00292164-00292505 we sum up the variations and then take a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00911-00292506-00292901 square root over the sum and then we can
oLv4fiG6Rog-00912-00292902-00293208 have uh the standard deviation of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00913-00293209-00293749 total cost effect or total risk
oLv4fiG6Rog-00914-00293750-00294208 estimate of the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00915-00294209-00294365 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-00916-00294366-00294767 how do we then treat uh this uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00917-00294768-00295199 total mean and total standard deviation
oLv4fiG6Rog-00918-00295200-00295330 or
oLv4fiG6Rog-00919-00295331-00295697 what are our assumptions uh uh further
oLv4fiG6Rog-00920-00295698-00295895 assumptions
oLv4fiG6Rog-00921-00295896-00296051 uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00922-00296052-00296182 when
oLv4fiG6Rog-00923-00296183-00296501 we have this sum of these partial
oLv4fiG6Rog-00924-00296502-00296903 distributions so we can assume that even
oLv4fiG6Rog-00925-00296904-00297113 though the partial distributions are
oLv4fiG6Rog-00926-00297114-00297529 skewed distributions so the sum uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00927-00297530-00297845 with only few skewed distributions is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00928-00297846-00298030 normally distributed
oLv4fiG6Rog-00929-00298031-00298355 and we assume uh that the sum
oLv4fiG6Rog-00930-00298356-00298649 distribution is in uh has the form of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00931-00298650-00298799 normal distribution
oLv4fiG6Rog-00932-00298800-00299147 so we have uh the mean value
oLv4fiG6Rog-00933-00299148-00299369 and then we have the standard deviation
oLv4fiG6Rog-00934-00299370-00299771 and if we take uh the standard deviation
oLv4fiG6Rog-00935-00299772-00299897 uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-00936-00299898-00300030 well
oLv4fiG6Rog-00937-00300031-00300358 mean Value Plus uh one standard
oLv4fiG6Rog-00938-00300359-00300773 deviation then we have a kind of a 86
oLv4fiG6Rog-00939-00300774-00301151 percent uh fractal of the cumulative
oLv4fiG6Rog-00940-00301152-00301601 distribution and if we go to standard
oLv4fiG6Rog-00941-00301602-00301991 deviations away from the mean value then
oLv4fiG6Rog-00942-00301992-00302410 we have 98 percent fractal of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00943-00302411-00302693 cumulative distribution
oLv4fiG6Rog-00944-00302694-00302921 well now we have here the kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00945-00302922-00303184 bell-shaped curve and of the normal
oLv4fiG6Rog-00946-00303185-00303610 distribution and we can also uh make the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00947-00303611-00303869 representation of that distribution as a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00948-00303870-00304139 kind of cumulative distribution and we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00949-00304140-00304380 can see that the mean is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00950-00304381-00304906 379 we can also see different fractals
oLv4fiG6Rog-00951-00304907-00305482 like 70 fractal is 431 and 90 fractal is
oLv4fiG6Rog-00952-00305483-00305825 507.
oLv4fiG6Rog-00953-00305826-00306058 so this is the estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-00954-00306059-00306413 the total cost estimate or total risk
oLv4fiG6Rog-00955-00306414-00306623 estimate if you like
oLv4fiG6Rog-00956-00306624-00306797 and now
oLv4fiG6Rog-00957-00306798-00307121 it's the kind of a time to make
oLv4fiG6Rog-00958-00307122-00307613 decisions based on this estimate and put
oLv4fiG6Rog-00959-00307614-00307697 some
oLv4fiG6Rog-00960-00307698-00308008 targets for example
oLv4fiG6Rog-00961-00308009-00308453 so this isn't the estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-00962-00308454-00308987 now it's time to make decisions
oLv4fiG6Rog-00963-00308988-00309203 So based on the estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-00964-00309204-00309689 we must make a decision about the budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-00965-00309690-00310108 which sum would be set as the objective
oLv4fiG6Rog-00966-00310109-00310384 or as the budget of the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00967-00310385-00310577 and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00968-00310578-00310810 what about project managers budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-00969-00310811-00310949 contingency
oLv4fiG6Rog-00970-00310950-00311334 should we put how big some of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00971-00311335-00311632 contingency for the project manager's
oLv4fiG6Rog-00972-00311633-00311915 budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-00973-00311916-00312179 decision making is different difficult
oLv4fiG6Rog-00974-00312180-00312521 it it is not uh just choosing between
oLv4fiG6Rog-00975-00312522-00312791 two values a kind of a smaller figure
oLv4fiG6Rog-00976-00312792-00313180 and bigger figure and if it's just a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00977-00313181-00313403 cost then we would choose the smaller
oLv4fiG6Rog-00978-00313404-00313630 figure and if it would be a revenue then
oLv4fiG6Rog-00979-00313631-00313780 then we would choose the bigger figure
oLv4fiG6Rog-00980-00313781-00313991 but we have now a probability
oLv4fiG6Rog-00981-00313992-00314213 distribution representation where we
oLv4fiG6Rog-00982-00314214-00314591 have several possible figures several
oLv4fiG6Rog-00983-00314592-00314813 possible numbers and we must make a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00984-00314814-00315106 decision of what we said as the kind of
oLv4fiG6Rog-00985-00315107-00315334 a cost Target for the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00986-00315335-00315610 and it is more or less it is about the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00987-00315611-00315845 kind of a negotiation between the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00988-00315846-00316121 project manager and the sponsor of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00989-00316122-00316463 project who sets up the project and
oLv4fiG6Rog-00990-00316464-00316673 initiates the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00991-00316674-00317021 and they can agree that they set the
oLv4fiG6Rog-00992-00317022-00317249 target to for example the average value
oLv4fiG6Rog-00993-00317250-00317639 that is the mean value 379 but they can
oLv4fiG6Rog-00994-00317640-00317927 also agree that uh if the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-00995-00317928-00318263 manager thinks that uh they would like
oLv4fiG6Rog-00996-00318264-00318545 to manage the project with a kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-00997-00318546-00319013 more tight targets and it is rewarding
oLv4fiG6Rog-00998-00319014-00319469 for uh them to try to
oLv4fiG6Rog-00999-00319470-00319877 kind of a make a more efficiency out of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01000-00319878-00320129 the project it even can be that they
oLv4fiG6Rog-01001-00320130-00320447 could choose to set the target to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01002-00320448-00320879 something like 40 percent uh fractile
oLv4fiG6Rog-01003-00320880-00321377 or then uh they set the target uh to a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01004-00321378-00321684 kind of to be on the safe side to the 70
oLv4fiG6Rog-01005-00321685-00322037 fractal or that the project manager's
oLv4fiG6Rog-01006-00322038-00322667 budget is 379 plus contingency 52 Euros
oLv4fiG6Rog-01007-00322668-00323032 when uh the uh budget with project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01008-00323033-00323506 managers budget contents is 431.
oLv4fiG6Rog-01009-00323507-00323795 then there is also a question that if we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01010-00323796-00324060 would sell this project to the customer
oLv4fiG6Rog-01011-00324061-00324497 then what is the sales price what is the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01012-00324498-00324743 selling price to the customer what do we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01013-00324744-00324832 offer
oLv4fiG6Rog-01014-00324833-00325403 as the selling price
oLv4fiG6Rog-01015-00325404-00325565 Maybe
oLv4fiG6Rog-01016-00325566-00325810 some figure where we would be on the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01017-00325811-00326327 safe side like this 90 fractal 507
oLv4fiG6Rog-01018-00326328-00326777 or even much bigger uh figure let's say
oLv4fiG6Rog-01019-00326778-00327197 selling price uh 600 or 700 that also
oLv4fiG6Rog-01020-00327198-00327353 depends on the market
oLv4fiG6Rog-01021-00327354-00327739 and in on the competitive situation
oLv4fiG6Rog-01022-00327740-00328151 but it also can be that if we put too
oLv4fiG6Rog-01023-00328152-00328356 high price for the customer the customer
oLv4fiG6Rog-01024-00328357-00328823 chooses another supplier and there is a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01025-00328824-00329123 risk that we are losing this business
oLv4fiG6Rog-01026-00329124-00329291 deal
oLv4fiG6Rog-01027-00329292-00329675 and if we want it really bad then it
oLv4fiG6Rog-01028-00329676-00329947 might be that we could even sell it uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01029-00329948-00330329 rather cheaply even without uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01030-00330330-00330671 a substantial profit at all
oLv4fiG6Rog-01031-00330672-00330880 and we might think that it is important
oLv4fiG6Rog-01032-00330881-00331132 to have this customer and to make kind
oLv4fiG6Rog-01033-00331133-00331415 of a reference value and then get other
oLv4fiG6Rog-01034-00331416-00331763 customers based on this uh wonderful
oLv4fiG6Rog-01035-00331764-00332063 delivery that we can make for the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01036-00332064-00332225 customer
oLv4fiG6Rog-01037-00332226-00332621 okay but these are the considerations uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01038-00332622-00332927 and and this uh quantitative way of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01039-00332928-00333275 expressing uh the variation and the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01040-00333276-00333610 risks uh helps us to make these
oLv4fiG6Rog-01041-00333611-00333839 decisions even though the decision
oLv4fiG6Rog-01042-00333840-00334097 making is not difficult because we have
oLv4fiG6Rog-01043-00334098-00334469 many values and also uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01044-00334470-00334769 um there are many many options too and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01045-00334770-00335069 many strategies to go with the kind of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01046-00335070-00335597 price or the budget Target
oLv4fiG6Rog-01047-00335598-00335819 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-01048-00335820-00335939 now
oLv4fiG6Rog-01049-00335940-00336089 a question
oLv4fiG6Rog-01050-00336090-00336325 to you
oLv4fiG6Rog-01051-00336326-00336649 when applying the three-point method in
oLv4fiG6Rog-01052-00336650-00337060 risk assessment or cost assessment it is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01053-00337061-00337277 advantageous to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01054-00337278-00337637 and then we have this for uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01055-00337638-00337799 claims here
oLv4fiG6Rog-01056-00337800-00338230 one two three and four and now
oLv4fiG6Rog-01057-00338231-00338489 if you want to think about your answer
oLv4fiG6Rog-01058-00338490-00338873 so you can put the video on pause
oLv4fiG6Rog-01059-00338874-00339484 and I'm going to tell my uh answers to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01060-00339485-00339851 this for uh State statements that that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01061-00339852-00340121 what what is advantages
oLv4fiG6Rog-01062-00340122-00340313 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-01063-00340314-00340391 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-01064-00340392-00340630 uh first
oLv4fiG6Rog-01065-00340631-00340841 it is advantageous to take the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01066-00340842-00341045 previously prepared detailed cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01067-00341046-00341356 estimate itemization as a starting point
oLv4fiG6Rog-01068-00341357-00341603 and provide minimum most probable and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01069-00341604-00341777 maximum estimates for this detailed
oLv4fiG6Rog-01070-00341778-00341969 level cost elements
oLv4fiG6Rog-01071-00341970-00342197 so instead of the previously expressed
oLv4fiG6Rog-01072-00342198-00342358 Signal Point estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-01073-00342359-00342508 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-01074-00342509-00342647 uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01075-00342648-00343139 this is false
oLv4fiG6Rog-01076-00343140-00343447 what I said is that really if we are
oLv4fiG6Rog-01077-00343448-00343810 really thinking about the cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01078-00343811-00344230 and and risk we must take a broad view
oLv4fiG6Rog-01079-00344231-00344549 to the whole project and think also very
oLv4fiG6Rog-01080-00344550-00344860 much in material things and if there is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01081-00344861-00345173 a kind of a cost estimate accuracy we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01082-00345174-00345415 cannot start uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01083-00345416-00345779 estimating the kind of a bits and pieces
oLv4fiG6Rog-01084-00345780-00346180 very detailed composition risks but we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01085-00346181-00346643 must somehow uh estimate uh the for
oLv4fiG6Rog-01086-00346644-00347021 example the estimate accuracy at the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01087-00347022-00347297 higher level and think about the risks
oLv4fiG6Rog-01088-00347298-00347489 that are connected to the whole project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01089-00347490-00347789 you can remember from my example that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01090-00347790-00348077 there was this this weather conditions
oLv4fiG6Rog-01091-00348078-00348449 and customers attitude and and people's
oLv4fiG6Rog-01092-00348450-00348725 motivation workers motivation in a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01093-00348726-00348995 project which is uh the kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01094-00348996-00349223 perspective to look at the risks and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01095-00349224-00349619 give some estimates to risks and if we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01096-00349620-00349877 go to very detailed decomposition and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01097-00349878-00350158 start estimating risks there we cannot
oLv4fiG6Rog-01098-00350159-00350597 anymore see the woods from uh from the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01099-00350598-00351041 trees I mean that the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01100-00351042-00351371 Beyond not realistic at the level of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01101-00351372-00351684 whole project but we just are kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01102-00351685-00351941 calculating some kind of a unit costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-01103-00351942-00352180 and or variation in unit costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-01104-00352181-00352541 okay number three it is advantageous to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01105-00352542-00352793 try to stretch the distance in the cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01106-00352794-00353056 axis between the minimum and maximum
oLv4fiG6Rog-01107-00353057-00353177 estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-01108-00353178-00353560 by expressing a small minimum estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-01109-00353561-00353710 as possible
oLv4fiG6Rog-01110-00353711-00354023 and expressing as great value as
oLv4fiG6Rog-01111-00354024-00354358 possible for the maximum respectively
oLv4fiG6Rog-01112-00354359-00354599 and the purpose for this Arrangement
oLv4fiG6Rog-01113-00354600-00354832 would be to have a big enough deviation
oLv4fiG6Rog-01114-00354833-00355078 in terms of probabilistic interpretation
oLv4fiG6Rog-01115-00355079-00355625 and to avoid anchoring heuristics
oLv4fiG6Rog-01116-00355626-00355871 so
oLv4fiG6Rog-01117-00355872-00356028 my
oLv4fiG6Rog-01118-00356029-00356399 uh argument is that this is true
oLv4fiG6Rog-01119-00356400-00356806 and this is connected to the fact and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01120-00356807-00357178 and to the thinking that people are not
oLv4fiG6Rog-01121-00357179-00357604 very good estimators
oLv4fiG6Rog-01122-00357605-00357997 and there is always a tendency to uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01123-00357998-00358415 estimate too narrow distributions and uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01124-00358416-00358708 to have an encouring have an encore
oLv4fiG6Rog-01125-00358709-00359104 which is the uh first initial value and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01126-00359105-00359345 then think that okay the risks can be
oLv4fiG6Rog-01127-00359346-00359680 plus minus one or two percent
oLv4fiG6Rog-01128-00359681-00360089 uh around this this anchor and it is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01129-00360090-00360443 very advantageous for the facilitator to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01130-00360444-00360706 try to broaden the perspective of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01131-00360707-00361043 estimators and try to have them to think
oLv4fiG6Rog-01132-00361044-00361565 about the uh most unfavorable uh let's
oLv4fiG6Rog-01133-00361566-00361960 say maximum value and most uh favorable
oLv4fiG6Rog-01134-00361961-00362332 minimum value of cost and and what uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01135-00362333-00362597 the potential uh risk events might be
oLv4fiG6Rog-01136-00362598-00362867 that lead to them and of course because
oLv4fiG6Rog-01137-00362868-00363295 the estimators are uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01138-00363296-00363623 professional experts in their areas
oLv4fiG6Rog-01139-00363624-00363904 even though we try to stretch the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01140-00363905-00364228 minimum and maximum I think that they
oLv4fiG6Rog-01141-00364229-00364606 don't expect express any values that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01142-00364607-00364999 they cannot necessarily defend or reason
oLv4fiG6Rog-01143-00365000-00365458 or provide some scenarios of how these
oLv4fiG6Rog-01144-00365459-00365801 values might uh take place
oLv4fiG6Rog-01145-00365802-00366058 so that is not a kind of a skewing the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01146-00366059-00366251 estimate but that is kind of making it
oLv4fiG6Rog-01147-00366252-00366491 more realistic to increase the variation
oLv4fiG6Rog-01148-00366492-00366730 and think a little bit out of the box of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01149-00366731-00367025 their own responsibility area and look
oLv4fiG6Rog-01150-00367026-00367343 outside and and what uh the actual
oLv4fiG6Rog-01151-00367344-00367649 biggest implications might be and in
oLv4fiG6Rog-01152-00367650-00367949 this way increase the value variation
oLv4fiG6Rog-01153-00367950-00368339 okay number three uh when estimating the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01154-00368340-00368460 three values
oLv4fiG6Rog-01155-00368461-00368717 quantitatively then it is advantageous
oLv4fiG6Rog-01156-00368718-00368969 to concentrate on eliciting these three
oLv4fiG6Rog-01157-00368970-00369130 values only
oLv4fiG6Rog-01158-00369131-00369365 and to aim at accuracy of those
oLv4fiG6Rog-01159-00369366-00369497 estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-01160-00369498-00369737 and therefore it is advantages to avoid
oLv4fiG6Rog-01161-00369738-00369893 verbal
oLv4fiG6Rog-01162-00369894-00370343 or written qualitative uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01163-00370344-00370601 uh reasoning explaining the possible
oLv4fiG6Rog-01164-00370602-00370817 mechanisms or scenarios that would
oLv4fiG6Rog-01165-00370818-00371080 result to those quantitative three
oLv4fiG6Rog-01166-00371081-00371237 estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-01167-00371238-00371597 okay uh now
oLv4fiG6Rog-01168-00371598-00371873 uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01169-00371874-00372251 this is uh false
oLv4fiG6Rog-01170-00372252-00372725 it is very advantageous not to avoid the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01171-00372726-00373104 verbal expression and and and scenario
oLv4fiG6Rog-01172-00373105-00373541 expressing scenarios but vice versa it
oLv4fiG6Rog-01173-00373542-00373810 is really beneficial when you are uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01174-00373811-00374104 expressing the quantitative uh minimum
oLv4fiG6Rog-01175-00374105-00374321 most probable maximum value so that you
oLv4fiG6Rog-01176-00374322-00374549 provide the reasoning and you provide
oLv4fiG6Rog-01177-00374550-00375010 the qualitative uh verbal uh or wording
oLv4fiG6Rog-01178-00375011-00375389 based explanations for those values that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01179-00375390-00375628 gives an understanding to the whole team
oLv4fiG6Rog-01180-00375629-00376013 uh estimating the risks that what the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01181-00376014-00376349 risks are and that also enables uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01182-00376350-00376817 finding uh certain responses management
oLv4fiG6Rog-01183-00376818-00377177 actions and and many other good things
oLv4fiG6Rog-01184-00377178-00377495 in that same session about what is the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01185-00377496-00377663 nature of the risks and what we should
oLv4fiG6Rog-01186-00377664-00377830 do for the risks
oLv4fiG6Rog-01187-00377831-00378065 so actually the quantitative estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-01188-00378066-00378301 are not
oLv4fiG6Rog-01189-00378302-00378575 presented as kind of an isolated uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01190-00378576-00378965 numerical figures but when they are
oLv4fiG6Rog-01191-00378966-00379380 estimated they also kind of encourage uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01192-00379381-00379684 thinking deeply and talking deeply about
oLv4fiG6Rog-01193-00379685-00379925 what the risks actually are and what we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01194-00379926-00380273 must make uh well do with them
oLv4fiG6Rog-01195-00380274-00380663 then number four actually is also
oLv4fiG6Rog-01196-00380664-00381054 connected to this uh it is a beneficial
oLv4fiG6Rog-01197-00381055-00381454 to also to express responses at the same
oLv4fiG6Rog-01198-00381455-00381754 time when you estimate the risks and you
oLv4fiG6Rog-01199-00381755-00382189 provide this qualitative verbal or uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01200-00382190-00382499 written explanations about what the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01201-00382500-00382606 risks are
oLv4fiG6Rog-01202-00382607-00382877 so the four says number four uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01203-00382878-00383117 statement says when estimating the three
oLv4fiG6Rog-01204-00383118-00383375 values quantitatively then it is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01205-00383376-00383608 advantages not to confuse this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01206-00383609-00383891 assessment phase with the later upcoming
oLv4fiG6Rog-01207-00383892-00384232 plan risk responses phase by expressing
oLv4fiG6Rog-01208-00384233-00384532 possible responses or management actions
oLv4fiG6Rog-01209-00384533-00384647 yet
oLv4fiG6Rog-01210-00384648-00384917 well my uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01211-00384918-00385410 well claim is that it is really uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01212-00385411-00385756 advantageous to express those responses
oLv4fiG6Rog-01213-00385757-00385967 at the same time when you are thinking
oLv4fiG6Rog-01214-00385968-00386123 about the risk you are talking about
oLv4fiG6Rog-01215-00386124-00386410 what the risks are you can also uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01216-00386411-00386813 ideate uh with your team what responses
oLv4fiG6Rog-01217-00386814-00387160 should be made and you can also agree uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01218-00387161-00387419 about responsibilities and when you kind
oLv4fiG6Rog-01219-00387420-00387677 of then dissolve the team and you walk
oLv4fiG6Rog-01220-00387678-00388019 out of the room then everybody knows
oLv4fiG6Rog-01221-00388020-00388330 what they do and uh you have a kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01222-00388331-00388637 good comprehension of what you should do
oLv4fiG6Rog-01223-00388638-00388925 for those risks also and you have agreed
oLv4fiG6Rog-01224-00388926-00389206 about that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01225-00389207-00389669 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-01226-00389670-00390041 then we are going to talk about setting
oLv4fiG6Rog-01227-00390042-00390245 the budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-01228-00390246-00390504 and using the cost estimate information
oLv4fiG6Rog-01229-00390505-00390778 when setting the budget setting the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01230-00390779-00391006 targets
oLv4fiG6Rog-01231-00391007-00391469 okay in the left side of this picture uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01232-00391470-00391828 there is the cost estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-01233-00391829-00392106 so uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01234-00392107-00392508 there are our cost estimates of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01235-00392509-00392860 tasks or sub projects
oLv4fiG6Rog-01236-00392861-00393251 and then there is the cost estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-01237-00393252-00393575 contingency marked with blue color and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01238-00393576-00393893 custom made cost estimate contingency is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01239-00393894-00394445 a kind of a sum which uh is estimated
oLv4fiG6Rog-01240-00394446-00394997 for unfavorable risk impacts or uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01241-00394998-00395332 estimate uncertainty the effects of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01242-00395333-00395656 estimate uncertainty and then we have in
oLv4fiG6Rog-01243-00395657-00395825 the left side of the picture we have a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01244-00395826-00395953 calculated
oLv4fiG6Rog-01245-00395954-00396239 cost estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-01246-00396240-00396497 tasks or parts of the cost estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-01247-00396498-00396773 together to a total cost estimate and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01248-00396774-00396965 then we have total cost estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-01249-00396966-00397187 contains as if we have calculated those
oLv4fiG6Rog-01250-00397188-00397354 containers together
oLv4fiG6Rog-01251-00397355-00397625 we also have this probability
oLv4fiG6Rog-01252-00397626-00397889 distribution representation in the left
oLv4fiG6Rog-01253-00397890-00397973 side
oLv4fiG6Rog-01254-00397974-00398303 uh there is an alternative not to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01255-00398304-00398645 express the cost estimate contingency as
oLv4fiG6Rog-01256-00398646-00398932 a kind of a deterministic sums but we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01257-00398933-00399310 can also estimate this by having this uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01258-00399311-00399545 cost uh well probability distribution
oLv4fiG6Rog-01259-00399546-00399760 representation of for example minimum
oLv4fiG6Rog-01260-00399761-00400060 most probable and maximum and so on
oLv4fiG6Rog-01261-00400061-00400219 now
oLv4fiG6Rog-01262-00400220-00400510 to the right side of the picture uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01263-00400511-00400852 there is uh the kind of a budget total
oLv4fiG6Rog-01264-00400853-00401189 budget and budget contingency of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01265-00401190-00401549 project manager
oLv4fiG6Rog-01266-00401550-00401771 and uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01267-00401772-00402119 the budget and Bud budget contingency it
oLv4fiG6Rog-01268-00402120-00402317 is a kind of a negotiation process and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01269-00402318-00402532 decision making process where the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01270-00402533-00402869 project manager and the sponsor uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01271-00402870-00403204 initiating the project can agree about
oLv4fiG6Rog-01272-00403205-00403499 the budget and the budget contingency of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01273-00403500-00403823 course they use the cost estimate as one
oLv4fiG6Rog-01274-00403824-00404147 uh source of information when when doing
oLv4fiG6Rog-01275-00404148-00404452 that decision or making that decision
oLv4fiG6Rog-01276-00404453-00404915 but it can be that the total budget of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01277-00404916-00405191 the project is not uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01278-00405192-00405508 exactly the same as the cost estimate it
oLv4fiG6Rog-01279-00405509-00405760 can be tighter it can be something
oLv4fiG6Rog-01280-00405761-00406228 different and also the logic here by
oLv4fiG6Rog-01281-00406229-00406510 when setting the budget contingency for
oLv4fiG6Rog-01282-00406511-00406787 the project manager that it is different
oLv4fiG6Rog-01283-00406788-00407075 than the sum of the cost total cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01284-00407076-00407410 estimate contingency is that all not all
oLv4fiG6Rog-01285-00407411-00407704 risks happen at the same not all
oLv4fiG6Rog-01286-00407705-00408017 unfavorable impacts of risks happen
oLv4fiG6Rog-01287-00408018-00408437 at the same time and then you can then
oLv4fiG6Rog-01288-00408438-00408725 provide the project manager with the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01289-00408726-00408947 budget containers which is different
oLv4fiG6Rog-01290-00408948-00409343 than the cost estimate uh contingency
oLv4fiG6Rog-01291-00409344-00409649 and by the way cost estimate contingency
oLv4fiG6Rog-01292-00409650-00409913 and budget contents contingency are
oLv4fiG6Rog-01293-00409914-00410230 totally different kinds of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01294-00410231-00410489 sums or different kinds of vehicles like
oLv4fiG6Rog-01295-00410489-00410674 I'm going to explain you in the next
oLv4fiG6Rog-01296-00410675-00410878 slide
oLv4fiG6Rog-01297-00410879-00411166 then the company management can have a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01298-00411167-00411466 contingency of the budget so the company
oLv4fiG6Rog-01299-00411467-00411703 management can use more conservative
oLv4fiG6Rog-01300-00411704-00411964 values for for example profitability
oLv4fiG6Rog-01301-00411966-00412120 calculations
oLv4fiG6Rog-01302-00412121-00412457 or investment decisions
oLv4fiG6Rog-01303-00412458-00412732 and then there might be also the revenue
oLv4fiG6Rog-01304-00412733-00412884 budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-01305-00412885-00413176 from Project delivery if this is a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01306-00413177-00413357 delivery project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01307-00413358-00413741 to the customer
oLv4fiG6Rog-01308-00413742-00414155 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-01309-00414156-00414424 now
oLv4fiG6Rog-01310-00414425-00414610 I'm going to talk about the different
oLv4fiG6Rog-01311-00414612-00414947 nature of course estimate contingency
oLv4fiG6Rog-01312-00414947-00415264 and budget contingency so listen
oLv4fiG6Rog-01313-00415266-00415607 carefully
oLv4fiG6Rog-01314-00415608-00415930 um cost estimate contingency is a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01315-00415931-00416266 estimate based sum which covers
oLv4fiG6Rog-01316-00416267-00416513 anticipated favorable effects of risks
oLv4fiG6Rog-01317-00416514-00416807 and effects of estimate uncertainty we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01318-00416808-00416932 can also use the probability
oLv4fiG6Rog-01319-00416933-00417187 distribution type of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01320-00417188-00417532 description of the cost estimate where
oLv4fiG6Rog-01321-00417533-00417857 we have several values that might take
oLv4fiG6Rog-01322-00417858-00418151 place under different probabilities
oLv4fiG6Rog-01323-00418152-00418397 connected to these values
oLv4fiG6Rog-01324-00418397-00418714 project managers budget contingency
oLv4fiG6Rog-01325-00418716-00419009 is the project manager's cost allowance
oLv4fiG6Rog-01326-00419010-00419182 tool
oLv4fiG6Rog-01327-00419183-00419616 and the project management can
oLv4fiG6Rog-01328-00419617-00420175 use that for their active management of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01329-00420176-00420551 the project work
oLv4fiG6Rog-01330-00420552-00420922 so the project manager has the budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-01331-00420923-00421403 contingency in their budget at the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01332-00421404-00421583 project level
oLv4fiG6Rog-01333-00421584-00421991 and they can use the budget contingency
oLv4fiG6Rog-01334-00421992-00422195 in various ways
oLv4fiG6Rog-01335-00422196-00422555 so like there in this picture there is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01336-00422556-00422933 this a uh transfer move part of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01337-00422934-00423197 project manager's content see some uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01338-00423197-00423466 contains as a sum down to some projects
oLv4fiG6Rog-01339-00423467-00423925 to increase the uh budget of uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01340-00423926-00424213 subordinates responsibility area status
oLv4fiG6Rog-01341-00424214-00424499 sub project managers responsibility
oLv4fiG6Rog-01342-00424500-00424768 areas so the project manager can move
oLv4fiG6Rog-01343-00424769-00425039 parts of the budget contingency to the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01344-00425039-00425333 budget of the subordinates
oLv4fiG6Rog-01345-00425334-00425663 or be keep the contingency sum at the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01346-00425664-00426114 project level and if there are a cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01347-00426115-00426485 overruns at the lower levels than at the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01348-00426485-00426899 whole project level uh it uh kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01349-00426900-00427133 is a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01350-00427134-00427631 kind of covered by this project managers
oLv4fiG6Rog-01351-00427632-00428035 budget contingency and and there is no
oLv4fiG6Rog-01352-00428035-00428255 overrun at the project level anymore
oLv4fiG6Rog-01353-00428256-00428710 when you when we sum up uh the actual
oLv4fiG6Rog-01354-00428712-00429097 cost and and budgets uh to the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01355-00429097-00429401 project level to the aggregate aggregate
oLv4fiG6Rog-01356-00429402-00429539 level
oLv4fiG6Rog-01357-00429539-00429737 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-01358-00429738-00429899 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-01359-00429900-00430133 now
oLv4fiG6Rog-01360-00430134-00430481 again a question or a question or
oLv4fiG6Rog-01361-00430482-00430679 statements to you
oLv4fiG6Rog-01362-00430680-00430901 in your opinion which ones of the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01363-00430902-00431177 following statements are true
oLv4fiG6Rog-01364-00431178-00431363 well
oLv4fiG6Rog-01365-00431364-00431477 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-01366-00431478-00431843 if you want you can again now put the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01367-00431843-00431981 video
oLv4fiG6Rog-01368-00431982-00432281 at pause and think about your answers
oLv4fiG6Rog-01369-00432282-00432539 because I'm going now to elaborate and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01370-00432539-00432857 tell what my answers to these statements
oLv4fiG6Rog-01371-00432858-00433031 would be
oLv4fiG6Rog-01372-00433032-00433427 okay first cost estimate contingency is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01373-00433428-00433739 an estimate like or forecast like sum
oLv4fiG6Rog-01374-00433739-00433949 which covers anticipated unfavorable
oLv4fiG6Rog-01375-00433950-00434303 effects of risks and effects of estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-01376-00434304-00434585 uncertainty
oLv4fiG6Rog-01377-00434585-00434777 true
oLv4fiG6Rog-01378-00434778-00435316 no maybe much need to discuss about that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01379-00435317-00435629 two the size of the project manager's
oLv4fiG6Rog-01380-00435630-00435863 budget containers can be freely agreed
oLv4fiG6Rog-01381-00435864-00436085 between the project sponsor
oLv4fiG6Rog-01382-00436085-00436372 and project manager by considering
oLv4fiG6Rog-01383-00436373-00436679 circumstantial factors and issues like
oLv4fiG6Rog-01384-00436680-00436901 for example the cost estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-01385-00436902-00437213 contingency
oLv4fiG6Rog-01386-00437214-00437357 true
oLv4fiG6Rog-01387-00437358-00437693 decisions must be made by using all
oLv4fiG6Rog-01388-00437693-00437801 information
oLv4fiG6Rog-01389-00437802-00438143 one is the cost estimate contingency and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01390-00438143-00438425 cost estimate in general but there might
oLv4fiG6Rog-01391-00438426-00438659 be several other uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01392-00438660-00439055 uh issues that must be taken into
oLv4fiG6Rog-01393-00439056-00439289 account when setting the objective
oLv4fiG6Rog-01394-00439289-00439516 setting the budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-01395-00439517-00439901 okay number three it is a good practice
oLv4fiG6Rog-01396-00439902-00440213 for the project manager to transfer
oLv4fiG6Rog-01397-00440214-00440470 the project manager contains a sub
oLv4fiG6Rog-01398-00440471-00440681 projects
oLv4fiG6Rog-01399-00440682-00440987 to increase each sub-project's budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-01400-00440988-00441179 with the sum that is proportional to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01401-00441180-00441455 risks and estimate uncertainty in each
oLv4fiG6Rog-01402-00441456-00441851 sub-project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01403-00441852-00441995 false
oLv4fiG6Rog-01404-00441996-00442255 this is false
oLv4fiG6Rog-01405-00442256-00442697 it is not a good practice to give
oLv4fiG6Rog-01406-00442697-00443051 for the project manager it's their
oLv4fiG6Rog-01407-00443052-00443368 contingency to the sub projects and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01408-00443369-00443831 increased sub projects budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-01409-00443832-00444101 uh because
oLv4fiG6Rog-01410-00444102-00444425 we don't know yet where the risks are
oLv4fiG6Rog-01411-00444426-00444947 going to take place
oLv4fiG6Rog-01412-00444947-00445264 where in which subproject there would be
oLv4fiG6Rog-01413-00445265-00445583 Surprises cost overruns and and and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01414-00445584-00446033 risks uh and uh if the project manager
oLv4fiG6Rog-01415-00446034-00446368 would distribute the budget down to each
oLv4fiG6Rog-01416-00446369-00446633 sub-project it also can be that the shop
oLv4fiG6Rog-01417-00446634-00446914 projects would use those budgets
oLv4fiG6Rog-01418-00446915-00447166 and there might not be reason to use
oLv4fiG6Rog-01419-00447167-00447370 those budgets for
oLv4fiG6Rog-01420-00447371-00447760 each or many sub-projects but only for
oLv4fiG6Rog-01421-00447762-00448210 those uh where severe risks for example
oLv4fiG6Rog-01422-00448212-00448555 take place
oLv4fiG6Rog-01423-00448556-00448931 number four if a sub-project manager
oLv4fiG6Rog-01424-00448932-00449189 managers budget is exceeded due to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01425-00449189-00449495 unforest for sale risk event then it is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01426-00449496-00449699 a good practice for the project manager
oLv4fiG6Rog-01427-00449700-00449945 to transfer such part of the Project's
oLv4fiG6Rog-01428-00449946-00450257 manager's contingency uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01429-00450258-00450605 to the respective sub-projects budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-01430-00450606-00450797 which would cover the unfavorable
oLv4fiG6Rog-01431-00450797-00451072 effects of the risky event
oLv4fiG6Rog-01432-00451073-00451355 in this way reporting of budget overruns
oLv4fiG6Rog-01433-00451356-00451787 what the sub-project can be avoided okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-01434-00451788-00452089 so if risks happen
oLv4fiG6Rog-01435-00452089-00452383 in a sub project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01436-00452384-00452620 then the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01437-00452621-00453035 project manager can transfer a part of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01438-00453035-00453364 their budget contingency to the shop
oLv4fiG6Rog-01439-00453365-00453601 project and avoid
oLv4fiG6Rog-01440-00453602-00453841 reporting uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01441-00453842-00454175 overruns in this way because the budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-01442-00454176-00454601 of the sub project was increased well
oLv4fiG6Rog-01443-00454602-00455333 is this a good practice
oLv4fiG6Rog-01444-00455334-00455593 it depends
oLv4fiG6Rog-01445-00455593-00455807 not necessarily
oLv4fiG6Rog-01446-00455808-00455957 the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01447-00455958-00456214 this can be also false it can be true
oLv4fiG6Rog-01448-00456215-00456414 but
oLv4fiG6Rog-01449-00456415-00456653 let's say that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01450-00456654-00456863 the project manager
oLv4fiG6Rog-01451-00456864-00457199 doesn't need necessarily to transfer the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01452-00457200-00457445 parts of the uh the budget to some
oLv4fiG6Rog-01453-00457446-00457768 projects because uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01454-00457769-00458122 it is not necessarily always to kind of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01455-00458123-00458485 uh try to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01456-00458485-00459031 kind of hide let's say deviations by
oLv4fiG6Rog-01457-00459032-00459485 adjusting for example budget sums it can
oLv4fiG6Rog-01458-00459485-00459718 as well be a good practice to let the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01459-00459719-00460157 sub-project to report the overrun and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01460-00460158-00460379 then there will always be an explanation
oLv4fiG6Rog-01461-00460380-00460643 for the overrun and the explanation can
oLv4fiG6Rog-01462-00460643-00460835 be that there was a kind of a surprise
oLv4fiG6Rog-01463-00460835-00461087 that was something that was not a kind
oLv4fiG6Rog-01464-00461088-00461466 of a fault of the sub-project manager
oLv4fiG6Rog-01465-00461467-00461910 and then at the project level uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01466-00461912-00462251 project managers contains as it covers
oLv4fiG6Rog-01467-00462252-00462845 uh the overrun of that sub-project as
oLv4fiG6Rog-01468-00462846-00463163 well so
oLv4fiG6Rog-01469-00463164-00463451 the project manager can transfer the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01470-00463452-00463660 part of the budget to the job project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01471-00463662-00464020 but it can as well be a good practice of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01472-00464021-00464260 not to transfer it but to have just the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01473-00464262-00464543 kind of explanation and an understanding
oLv4fiG6Rog-01474-00464543-00465029 of where the deviations come from
oLv4fiG6Rog-01475-00465030-00465281 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-01476-00465282-00465725 then uh rolling wave now uh let's talk
oLv4fiG6Rog-01477-00465726-00466133 about the rolling wave principle uh in
oLv4fiG6Rog-01478-00466134-00466249 uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01479-00466250-00466714 budgets uh kind of a budget items and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01480-00466715-00467063 and setting uh targets to uh detailed
oLv4fiG6Rog-01481-00467064-00467441 budget items and also in making uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01482-00467442-00467813 estimates uh more detailed or the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01483-00467814-00468083 decomposition of estimates more detailed
oLv4fiG6Rog-01484-00468084-00468587 as the project uh uh unfolds
oLv4fiG6Rog-01485-00468588-00468995 okay I explained this rolling wave uh by
oLv4fiG6Rog-01486-00468996-00469213 this picture
oLv4fiG6Rog-01487-00469214-00469607 we have time now and then we have uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01488-00469608-00469975 time x months uh uh ahead
oLv4fiG6Rog-01489-00469976-00470422 and let's assume that we have uh let's
oLv4fiG6Rog-01490-00470423-00470885 say stable uh use of resources or
oLv4fiG6Rog-01491-00470885-00471131 capacity in a project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01492-00471132-00471563 and these tiles or tasks or cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01493-00471564-00471883 elements uh describe
oLv4fiG6Rog-01494-00471884-00472277 this stable volume this style that are
oLv4fiG6Rog-01495-00472278-00472745 piled together for that stable resource
oLv4fiG6Rog-01496-00472746-00472883 usage
oLv4fiG6Rog-01497-00472884-00473351 now uh they're at this point of time
oLv4fiG6Rog-01498-00473352-00473753 time now there are activities for which
oLv4fiG6Rog-01499-00473754-00474220 budgets are in use
oLv4fiG6Rog-01500-00474221-00474509 so actual costs are being registered or
oLv4fiG6Rog-01501-00474510-00475109 recorded uh to this uh uh activities
oLv4fiG6Rog-01502-00475110-00475510 uh in the history we have activities uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01503-00475512-00475739 which are closed
oLv4fiG6Rog-01504-00475739-00476068 the budget is closed and we cannot
oLv4fiG6Rog-01505-00476069-00476579 anymore record to those items
oLv4fiG6Rog-01506-00476580-00476910 in the near future we have activities
oLv4fiG6Rog-01507-00476912-00477299 that have been defined uh at the kind of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01508-00477300-00477887 a rather detailed budget itemization
oLv4fiG6Rog-01509-00477888-00478222 and then when we look further we have
oLv4fiG6Rog-01510-00478223-00478518 activities that are
oLv4fiG6Rog-01511-00478519-00478810 described only at the rough level and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01512-00478812-00479189 the budget jumps are to be detailed over
oLv4fiG6Rog-01513-00479189-00479627 the decomposed when we come closer to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01514-00479628-00479825 the actual point of time when these
oLv4fiG6Rog-01515-00479826-00480010 activities are
oLv4fiG6Rog-01516-00480012-00480155 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-01517-00480156-00480353 executed
oLv4fiG6Rog-01518-00480354-00480697 this all principle also applies to cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01519-00480697-00481114 estimates when there are items that are
oLv4fiG6Rog-01520-00481115-00481403 further into the future we don't need to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01521-00481404-00481651 have a kind of a detailed decomposition
oLv4fiG6Rog-01522-00481652-00481901 it can even be that the estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-01523-00481902-00482225 accuracy is better if we have a kind of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01524-00482226-00482495 a more rough decomposition of the cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01525-00482496-00482735 elements in the further in the in the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01526-00482735-00482963 future but when they come closer we can
oLv4fiG6Rog-01527-00482964-00483043 then
oLv4fiG6Rog-01528-00483043-00483316 make let's say more detailed
oLv4fiG6Rog-01529-00483317-00483625 decomposition of those items in terms of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01530-00483626-00484079 estimates also
oLv4fiG6Rog-01531-00484080-00484243 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-01532-00484243-00484685 then one thing that I want to discuss uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01533-00484685-00485051 with you is uh the direct and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01534-00485052-00485291 indirect costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-01535-00485292-00485639 we must be aware what kind of a costs we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01536-00485639-00485951 are recording to our
oLv4fiG6Rog-01537-00485952-00486316 let's say project numbers or Project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01538-00486317-00486814 work breakdown structure elements
oLv4fiG6Rog-01539-00486815-00487091 whether they are direct costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-01540-00487092-00487301 or whether they are in direct costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-01541-00487302-00487714 whether they are apples or oranges
oLv4fiG6Rog-01542-00487715-00488093 um direct costs uh mean the following if
oLv4fiG6Rog-01543-00488093-00488699 we pay 20 euros an hour to a person
oLv4fiG6Rog-01544-00488700-00489166 then we must also pay uh the uh let's
oLv4fiG6Rog-01545-00489167-00489253 say
oLv4fiG6Rog-01546-00489254-00489893 salary for uh the holiday season uh kind
oLv4fiG6Rog-01547-00489893-00490218 of a uh let's say
oLv4fiG6Rog-01548-00490219-00490547 obligatory uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01549-00490547-00490859 work Insurance costs and so on uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01550-00490860-00491122 defined in the law and that means that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01551-00491123-00491518 if we pay uh 20 euros to a person per
oLv4fiG6Rog-01552-00491519-00491872 hour then the other direct costs for
oLv4fiG6Rog-01553-00491873-00492149 these reasons are some 10 euros so we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01554-00492150-00492472 have a direct cost of some 30-year Euros
oLv4fiG6Rog-01555-00492473-00492647 per hour
oLv4fiG6Rog-01556-00492647-00492910 then
oLv4fiG6Rog-01557-00492912-00493210 when it comes to indirect costs is that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01558-00493212-00493463 in a company there are all kinds of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01559-00493464-00493627 administration
oLv4fiG6Rog-01560-00493628-00493972 uh costs there are the managing director
oLv4fiG6Rog-01561-00493973-00494231 there might be marketing people there
oLv4fiG6Rog-01562-00494232-00494591 might be some administrative people then
oLv4fiG6Rog-01563-00494592-00495029 we have the office facility the rent of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01564-00495030-00495514 the office we have all kinds of uh costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-01565-00495515-00495664 that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01566-00495665-00495913 we must
oLv4fiG6Rog-01567-00495914-00496505 pay for a having the company running and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01568-00496506-00496991 many times these overhead costs or these
oLv4fiG6Rog-01569-00496992-00497437 in indirect costs are kind of a uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01570-00497438-00497891 let's say uh transferred to the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01571-00497892-00498077 productive uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01572-00498078-00498329 hours work hours
oLv4fiG6Rog-01573-00498330-00498707 and it means that uh in general that if
oLv4fiG6Rog-01574-00498708-00499055 a person is paid 20 euros per hour and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01575-00499056-00499303 that is a kind of a productive work hour
oLv4fiG6Rog-01576-00499304-00499703 then uh to put the overheads on the top
oLv4fiG6Rog-01577-00499704-00500177 of that we must use the co if the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01578-00500178-00500320 let's say
oLv4fiG6Rog-01579-00500321-00500593 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-01580-00500593-00501013 factor of some five or six to multiply
oLv4fiG6Rog-01581-00501014-00501233 this cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01582-00501234-00501725 to have uh the overhead costs uh added
oLv4fiG6Rog-01583-00501726-00501947 to that so kind of indirect cost added
oLv4fiG6Rog-01584-00501947-00502205 to that productive hour so
oLv4fiG6Rog-01585-00502206-00502770 20 euros per hour uh direct salary
oLv4fiG6Rog-01586-00502771-00503197 means that it is about 100
oLv4fiG6Rog-01587-00503197-00503555 euros per hour or 120 euros per hour
oLv4fiG6Rog-01588-00503556-00503945 with indirect costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-01589-00503946-00504118 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-01590-00504119-00504497 so apples or orangesh you must know what
oLv4fiG6Rog-01591-00504497-00504827 the actual cost is that we are following
oLv4fiG6Rog-01592-00504828-00505120 following for a project and that also is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01593-00505121-00505366 important in terms of uh whether that is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01594-00505367-00505733 a kind of a income statement uh cost of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01595-00505734-00506081 direct cost to certain place in the in
oLv4fiG6Rog-01596-00506082-00506416 income statement or or whether uh that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01597-00506417-00506789 is some other costs uh that are kind of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01598-00506789-00507377 a general uh let's say a fixed cost or
oLv4fiG6Rog-01599-00507378-00507575 for the company which are more or less
oLv4fiG6Rog-01600-00507576-00507857 the fixed costs are this indirect or or
oLv4fiG6Rog-01601-00507858-00508151 overhead type of a costs in the balance
oLv4fiG6Rog-01602-00508152-00508714 uh well sorry in the income statement
oLv4fiG6Rog-01603-00508715-00508816 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-01604-00508817-00509099 then uh let's look
oLv4fiG6Rog-01605-00509100-00509495 at a sample project reports sample
oLv4fiG6Rog-01606-00509496-00509699 project cost reports
oLv4fiG6Rog-01607-00509700-00509957 and let's start
oLv4fiG6Rog-01608-00509958-00510307 by uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01609-00510308-00510568 reminding us about the deviation
oLv4fiG6Rog-01610-00510569-00510929 reporting that we did have uh at the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01611-00510930-00511066 very
oLv4fiG6Rog-01612-00511067-00511264 first lecture
oLv4fiG6Rog-01613-00511265-00511585 so I want to remind with this slide that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01614-00511585-00511943 our eyes should be kept fixed on the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01615-00511943-00512149 product completion
oLv4fiG6Rog-01616-00512150-00512914 and not on the rear view mirror
oLv4fiG6Rog-01617-00512915-00513353 if we have a project uh with 20 months
oLv4fiG6Rog-01618-00513354-00513766 duration and the time now is seven
oLv4fiG6Rog-01619-00513767-00514013 months so we are now at the point of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01620-00514014-00514391 time of seven months from the Inception
oLv4fiG6Rog-01621-00514392-00514931 and we do a deviation reporting the cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01622-00514932-00515249 report at seven months time shows that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01623-00515250-00515675 the budget at this seven months time is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01624-00515676-00516118 300 and the actual cost is 250.
oLv4fiG6Rog-01625-00516119-00516389 and now I animate this project 300 in
oLv4fiG6Rog-01626-00516389-00516635 this cumulative picture as well so here
oLv4fiG6Rog-01627-00516635-00516827 it is 300.
oLv4fiG6Rog-01628-00516828-00517060 then at this same time at the seven
oLv4fiG6Rog-01629-00517062-00517355 months time we also report the status at
oLv4fiG6Rog-01630-00517356-00517547 the project completion
oLv4fiG6Rog-01631-00517547-00517822 the budget at project completion is one
oLv4fiG6Rog-01632-00517823-00518237 thousand and cost estimate is 1500.
oLv4fiG6Rog-01633-00518238-00518585 it doesn't anymore look very good in a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01634-00518585-00518657 way
oLv4fiG6Rog-01635-00518658-00518957 and I animate this one thousand to this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01636-00518958-00519257 cumulative picture here it is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01637-00519258-00519599 and this allows us to make correction a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01638-00519600-00519820 corrective actions early
oLv4fiG6Rog-01639-00519821-00520097 so we can do the corrective actions uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01640-00520097-00520307 well in advance during the execution
oLv4fiG6Rog-01641-00520308-00520607 when we are kind of looking towards the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01642-00520608-00520912 future and we can understand that we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01643-00520913-00521195 must for example reduce cost if we need
oLv4fiG6Rog-01644-00521196-00521489 to reduce the cost from this cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01645-00521489-00521777 estimate of 1500.
oLv4fiG6Rog-01646-00521778-00522083 and we already discussed about that when
oLv4fiG6Rog-01647-00522084-00522316 I had a question to you in the very
oLv4fiG6Rog-01648-00522317-00522701 early of this same lecture uh that what
oLv4fiG6Rog-01649-00522702-00522922 how do you reduce the costs and uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01650-00522923-00523175 naturally you take for example the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01651-00523176-00523462 specifications and drawings and you kind
oLv4fiG6Rog-01652-00523463-00523714 of take the red pen and you take
oLv4fiG6Rog-01653-00523715-00524093 something out of this project scope and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01654-00524093-00524447 then we might reach the budget of 1000
oLv4fiG6Rog-01655-00524448-00524741 or then we might need to go to the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01656-00524742-00524993 customer or to the sponsor and ask for
oLv4fiG6Rog-01657-00524994-00525522 more budget to make this project uh with
oLv4fiG6Rog-01658-00525523-00526012 1500 and so on
oLv4fiG6Rog-01659-00526013-00526379 now this project cost status report uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01660-00526380-00526727 shows the same uh let's say as this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01661-00526728-00527170 deviation reporting uh thing we just saw
oLv4fiG6Rog-01662-00527171-00527314 uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01663-00527315-00527537 in this report we have the left side
oLv4fiG6Rog-01664-00527538-00527872 Inception to time now
oLv4fiG6Rog-01665-00527873-00528311 so we have the budget estimate committed
oLv4fiG6Rog-01666-00528312-00528539 actual and so on and then we have this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01667-00528540-00528820 right side of this uh report which is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01668-00528821-00529061 the project total where we look at the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01669-00529062-00529264 completion of the project we have their
oLv4fiG6Rog-01670-00529265-00529511 estimated budget and we have then the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01671-00529512-00529757 differences what it looks like at the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01672-00529758-00530051 completion of the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01673-00530052-00530387 then at this left side we have this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01674-00530388-00530591 committed costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-01675-00530592-00531016 which are uh the costs that have already
oLv4fiG6Rog-01676-00531017-00531439 occurred they have incurred and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01677-00531440-00531731 they are also cost that we have
oLv4fiG6Rog-01678-00531732-00532012 committed to uh through uh purchase
oLv4fiG6Rog-01679-00532013-00532235 orders or contracts we have signed the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01680-00532236-00532583 contracts and we can see that we already
oLv4fiG6Rog-01681-00532584-00532927 have committed 85 uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01682-00532928-00533381 thousand out of the total cost budget of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01683-00533382-00533614 something like one hundred thousand so
oLv4fiG6Rog-01684-00533615-00533872 at this point of time in the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01685-00533873-00534125 when we do the reporting we already have
oLv4fiG6Rog-01686-00534126-00534347 almost committed all the cost in the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01687-00534348-00534485 project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01688-00534486-00534707 and of course there are revenues
oLv4fiG6Rog-01689-00534708-00535037 uh with one
oLv4fiG6Rog-01690-00535038-00535222 hundred and ten thousand which means
oLv4fiG6Rog-01691-00535223-00535487 that we make a profit of ten thousand
oLv4fiG6Rog-01692-00535488-00535672 and so
oLv4fiG6Rog-01693-00535673-00535925 we have the same report in the graph
oLv4fiG6Rog-01694-00535926-00536183 format but then there is not the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01695-00536184-00536525 itemization of a web breakdown structure
oLv4fiG6Rog-01696-00536526-00536641 elements
oLv4fiG6Rog-01697-00536642-00537216 and this uh graph style report uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01698-00537217-00537568 provides us the following information we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01699-00537569-00538043 have the cumulative uh uh let's say
oLv4fiG6Rog-01700-00538044-00538277 um
oLv4fiG6Rog-01701-00538278-00538745 cost and income uh budget there
oLv4fiG6Rog-01702-00538746-00539075 till the end of the project 36 months
oLv4fiG6Rog-01703-00539076-00539291 and we can see that there is this ten
oLv4fiG6Rog-01704-00539292-00539614 thousand roughly 10 000 profit uh in the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01705-00539615-00539885 end of the pro Project based on our
oLv4fiG6Rog-01706-00539886-00540118 income budget and cost budget
oLv4fiG6Rog-01707-00540119-00540491 then we have the follow-up of uh actual
oLv4fiG6Rog-01708-00540492-00540785 cost and actual income which uh rather
oLv4fiG6Rog-01709-00540786-00541462 well follows uh the budget uh sums uh to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01710-00541463-00541703 this point of time which is 12 months
oLv4fiG6Rog-01711-00541704-00541991 from the beginning and then we have this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01712-00541992-00542387 steep curve uh which is committed costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-01713-00542388-00542837 uh until this 12 months time so we have
oLv4fiG6Rog-01714-00542838-00543112 already committed quite a lot of this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01715-00543113-00543353 Project's total cost but the cost will
oLv4fiG6Rog-01716-00543354-00543568 incur only
oLv4fiG6Rog-01717-00543569-00543881 later
oLv4fiG6Rog-01718-00543882-00544127 what we cannot see here in this picture
oLv4fiG6Rog-01719-00544128-00544499 for example there could have been this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01720-00544500-00544681 uh cumulative
oLv4fiG6Rog-01721-00544682-00545243 estimate curves of the income and cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01722-00545244-00545459 until the end of the pro uh project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01723-00545460-00545791 until the 36 months time
oLv4fiG6Rog-01724-00545792-00546070 but for
oLv4fiG6Rog-01725-00546071-00546431 having not this picture becoming too
oLv4fiG6Rog-01726-00546432-00546743 messy so we have not included all
oLv4fiG6Rog-01727-00546744-00547481 possible Curves in in this reporting
oLv4fiG6Rog-01728-00547482-00547691 then uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01729-00547692-00548027 that report that we saw was based on
oLv4fiG6Rog-01730-00548028-00548327 accrual based costs uh kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01731-00548328-00548579 realization principle when the real
oLv4fiG6Rog-01732-00548580-00548818 transactions take place then the cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01733-00548819-00549227 incurs but then it is also important to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01734-00549228-00549583 uh report the cash flows
oLv4fiG6Rog-01735-00549584-00550229 the cash flows are uh probably delayed a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01736-00550230-00550549 few months from the actual
oLv4fiG6Rog-01737-00550550-00550866 incurred actual based costs
oLv4fiG6Rog-01738-00550867-00551218 and we talked already about the cash
oLv4fiG6Rog-01739-00551219-00551443 flows and the importance of also
oLv4fiG6Rog-01740-00551444-00551747 balancing the cash flows from the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01741-00551748-00552137 financing perspective
oLv4fiG6Rog-01742-00552138-00552466 and now
oLv4fiG6Rog-01743-00552467-00552953 we are going to uh move to project risk
oLv4fiG6Rog-01744-00552954-00553199 management discussion
oLv4fiG6Rog-01745-00553200-00553397 and I have tried
oLv4fiG6Rog-01746-00553398-00553759 in this very end of this lecture to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01747-00553760-00554257 include the most important the basic
oLv4fiG6Rog-01748-00554258-00554609 aspects of project risk management in
oLv4fiG6Rog-01749-00554610-00554903 almost one slide or two slides
oLv4fiG6Rog-01750-00554904-00555455 so listen carefully uh and I hope that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01751-00555456-00555697 this gives you a perspective of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01752-00555698-00555947 understanding and thinking about what
oLv4fiG6Rog-01753-00555948-00556301 project the risk management can be and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01754-00556302-00556570 when you are starting the textbook and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01755-00556571-00556907 uh and and and the pre-recorded lecture
oLv4fiG6Rog-01756-00556908-00557291 video so I hope that you can then better
oLv4fiG6Rog-01757-00557292-00557614 digest the nuances of product risk
oLv4fiG6Rog-01758-00557615-00557843 management when having this information
oLv4fiG6Rog-01759-00557844-00558275 that we are now going to share
oLv4fiG6Rog-01760-00558276-00558491 first the title
oLv4fiG6Rog-01761-00558492-00558743 project risk management is a continuous
oLv4fiG6Rog-01762-00558744-00559366 activity during the Project Life Cycle
oLv4fiG6Rog-01763-00559367-00559639 and the Project Life Cycle is now
oLv4fiG6Rog-01764-00559640-00559955 depicted with these phases that you can
oLv4fiG6Rog-01765-00559956-00560218 see in this picture
oLv4fiG6Rog-01766-00560219-00560657 and project risk management process is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01767-00560658-00560825 rather simple
oLv4fiG6Rog-01768-00560826-00561083 basically uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01769-00561084-00561335 identify
oLv4fiG6Rog-01770-00561336-00561520 analyze
oLv4fiG6Rog-01771-00561521-00561845 and plan responses
oLv4fiG6Rog-01772-00561846-00562129 and then you must also
oLv4fiG6Rog-01773-00562130-00562439 assign the responsibilities for the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01774-00562440-00562607 responses so that someone does the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01775-00562608-00562727 responses
oLv4fiG6Rog-01776-00562728-00563020 so the responses take place
oLv4fiG6Rog-01777-00563021-00563405 later maybe they are agreed when the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01778-00563406-00563639 risks are identified under responses are
oLv4fiG6Rog-01779-00563640-00563855 planned but it can be that the response
oLv4fiG6Rog-01780-00563856-00564118 is like for example following certain
oLv4fiG6Rog-01781-00564119-00564455 contractors manufacturing process might
oLv4fiG6Rog-01782-00564456-00564781 take a place much later in the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01783-00564782-00565114 then we repeat the identify analyze and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01784-00565115-00565291 plan responses
oLv4fiG6Rog-01785-00565292-00565529 phase again
oLv4fiG6Rog-01786-00565530-00565907 and we find out that there are needs for
oLv4fiG6Rog-01787-00565908-00566170 additional responses
oLv4fiG6Rog-01788-00566171-00566495 then we repeat analyze identify the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01789-00566496-00566729 analyze and plan responses and repeat
oLv4fiG6Rog-01790-00566730-00567166 and in very many places in the Project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01791-00567167-00567509 Life Cycle when it is appropriate but
oLv4fiG6Rog-01792-00567510-00567916 when we do this rather often we also can
oLv4fiG6Rog-01793-00567917-00568168 make sure that those people doing the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01794-00568169-00568457 projects are well aware continuously
oLv4fiG6Rog-01795-00568458-00568864 about the risks also when they are doing
oLv4fiG6Rog-01796-00568865-00569183 their own responsibility areas in the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01797-00569184-00569399 projects and managing the projects also
oLv4fiG6Rog-01798-00569400-00569668 in between of these sessions where we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01799-00569669-00570101 gather together and and do this kind of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01800-00570102-00570461 a risk analysis
oLv4fiG6Rog-01801-00570462-00571033 process phase is every now and then
oLv4fiG6Rog-01802-00571034-00571481 it is important that we do the risk
oLv4fiG6Rog-01803-00571482-00571768 management in group meetings and we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01804-00571769-00572009 agree in the meetings also about the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01805-00572010-00572237 responsibilities of doing something for
oLv4fiG6Rog-01806-00572238-00572579 the risks
oLv4fiG6Rog-01807-00572580-00572818 identifying risk is probably the most
oLv4fiG6Rog-01808-00572819-00572999 challenging stage
oLv4fiG6Rog-01809-00573000-00573227 and why is that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01810-00573228-00573718 people tend to identify issues that are
oLv4fiG6Rog-01811-00573719-00573935 connected to their area of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01812-00573936-00574283 specialization
oLv4fiG6Rog-01813-00574284-00574607 but when those people are specialized in
oLv4fiG6Rog-01814-00574608-00574799 these areas and doing also the project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01815-00574800-00575020 work in those areas
oLv4fiG6Rog-01816-00575021-00575345 it can be that they take care of those
oLv4fiG6Rog-01817-00575346-00575693 risks anyways in those areas
oLv4fiG6Rog-01818-00575694-00576018 and somehow the risks should be thought
oLv4fiG6Rog-01819-00576019-00576449 more broadly and think outside outside
oLv4fiG6Rog-01820-00576450-00576916 of the box and try to identify risks
oLv4fiG6Rog-01821-00576917-00577175 from the areas that we don't know
oLv4fiG6Rog-01822-00577176-00577505 and that is a paradoxical issue to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01823-00577506-00577835 identify something in some areas that we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01824-00577836-00578122 don't know about the area
oLv4fiG6Rog-01825-00578123-00578603 so how can we identify risks in areas
oLv4fiG6Rog-01826-00578604-00579125 that we are not familiar with okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-01827-00579126-00579487 that is why we need facilitators to help
oLv4fiG6Rog-01828-00579488-00579814 the group processes to think more
oLv4fiG6Rog-01829-00579815-00580039 broadly and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01830-00580040-00580511 we might need also some kind of a group
oLv4fiG6Rog-01831-00580512-00580949 working methods and we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01832-00580950-00581297 must be courage enough to express even
oLv4fiG6Rog-01833-00581298-00581503 rather wild
oLv4fiG6Rog-01834-00581504-00581885 estimates about what might go wrong and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01835-00581886-00582181 in that way to have an ideation
oLv4fiG6Rog-01836-00582182-00582605 that goes beyond and outside what we are
oLv4fiG6Rog-01837-00582606-00582857 typically thinking about where we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01838-00582858-00583229 concentrate on on on our actual Project
oLv4fiG6Rog-01839-00583230-00583529 work
oLv4fiG6Rog-01840-00583530-00583787 favorable and unfavorable events it's
oLv4fiG6Rog-01841-00583788-00583937 important to understand also the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01842-00583938-00584212 favorable side of risks and take actions
oLv4fiG6Rog-01843-00584213-00584647 to take advantage of the favorable uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01844-00584648-00584887 opportunities
oLv4fiG6Rog-01845-00584888-00585161 verbal and written qualitative estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-01846-00585162-00585347 and discussions in group meetings is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01847-00585348-00585466 important
oLv4fiG6Rog-01848-00585467-00585725 it can be that in the group meetings we
oLv4fiG6Rog-01849-00585726-00585881 elicit
oLv4fiG6Rog-01850-00585882-00586195 quantitative values quantitative numbers
oLv4fiG6Rog-01851-00586196-00586468 but when we do it
oLv4fiG6Rog-01852-00586469-00586735 we are discussing uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01853-00586736-00587105 normally very uh let's say in a very
oLv4fiG6Rog-01854-00587106-00587351 rich manner with verbal or written
oLv4fiG6Rog-01855-00587352-00587681 qualitative arguments and that gives us
oLv4fiG6Rog-01856-00587682-00587872 an understanding of what the risks
oLv4fiG6Rog-01857-00587873-00588145 actually are that are connected to this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01858-00588146-00588493 quantitative estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-01859-00588494-00588659 then
oLv4fiG6Rog-01860-00588660-00589055 we must have a subjectivistic estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-01861-00589056-00589241 because we don't have frequencies of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01862-00589242-00589583 civil similar projects uh that might
oLv4fiG6Rog-01863-00589584-00589795 give us a kind of a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01864-00589796-00590135 objective uh probabilities or
oLv4fiG6Rog-01865-00590136-00590405 frequencies but we must rely on
oLv4fiG6Rog-01866-00590406-00590845 Specialized experts that are giving
oLv4fiG6Rog-01867-00590846-00591239 the estimates uh the concept of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01868-00591240-00591707 uncertainty is uh relevant uh the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01869-00591708-00591959 uncertainty means uh knowing or not
oLv4fiG6Rog-01870-00591960-00592162 knowing what we don't know it is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01871-00592163-00592487 connected to knowledge and do human
oLv4fiG6Rog-01872-00592488-00592709 beings who are estimating do they know
oLv4fiG6Rog-01873-00592710-00592937 how much they know and do they know what
oLv4fiG6Rog-01874-00592938-00593159 they don't know and can they include
oLv4fiG6Rog-01875-00593160-00593579 them that lack of knowledge for example
oLv4fiG6Rog-01876-00593580-00593777 as an estimate error in their own
oLv4fiG6Rog-01877-00593778-00594185 estimates we must be aware of this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01878-00594186-00594370 potential problems
oLv4fiG6Rog-01879-00594371-00594714 uh human beings are not very good
oLv4fiG6Rog-01880-00594715-00595099 estimators the subjectivistic estimate
oLv4fiG6Rog-01881-00595100-00595559 estimates lead many times to biases and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01882-00595560-00595841 and possible roles of facilitators is a
oLv4fiG6Rog-01883-00595842-00596141 kind of a needed to think a little bit
oLv4fiG6Rog-01884-00596142-00596351 broader
oLv4fiG6Rog-01885-00596352-00596611 and then assumptions are really
oLv4fiG6Rog-01886-00596612-00596927 important normally we make assumptions
oLv4fiG6Rog-01887-00596928-00597227 we either Express them or we don't even
oLv4fiG6Rog-01888-00597228-00597443 express them because it is some so
oLv4fiG6Rog-01889-00597444-00597761 self-evident that for example we don't
oLv4fiG6Rog-01890-00597762-00597918 take into account
oLv4fiG6Rog-01891-00597919-00598247 the economic situation or recession or
oLv4fiG6Rog-01892-00598248-00598445 some political situations in a Target
oLv4fiG6Rog-01893-00598446-00598601 country or something
oLv4fiG6Rog-01894-00598602-00598859 but it is even
oLv4fiG6Rog-01895-00598860-00599122 for that reason it's it's important to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01896-00599123-00599327 write down the assumptions and I would
oLv4fiG6Rog-01897-00599328-00599651 even suggest that we consider that the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01898-00599652-00600007 success assumptions might be the biggest
oLv4fiG6Rog-01899-00600008-00600401 risks actually and we can include the
oLv4fiG6Rog-01900-00600402-00600607 assumptions to our risk list and start
oLv4fiG6Rog-01901-00600608-00601012 estimating uh what the potential
oLv4fiG6Rog-01902-00601013-00601259 deviations in these assumptions or if
oLv4fiG6Rog-01903-00601260-00601468 these assumptions are not true might
oLv4fiG6Rog-01904-00601469-00602170 affect uh if we consider them as risks
oLv4fiG6Rog-01905-00602171-00602489 uh then uh about this subjectivistic
oLv4fiG6Rog-01906-00602490-00602951 estimates and biases so in this slide
oLv4fiG6Rog-01907-00602952-00603341 we have listed uh the typical biases and
oLv4fiG6Rog-01908-00603342-00603772 heuristics in uh let's say estimations
oLv4fiG6Rog-01909-00603773-00604157 or estimates of human human beings
oLv4fiG6Rog-01910-00604158-00604547 so uh overconfidence optimism group
oLv4fiG6Rog-01911-00604548-00604685 think
oLv4fiG6Rog-01912-00604686-00604966 and heuristics I was already talking
oLv4fiG6Rog-01913-00604967-00605233 about anchoring then there might be this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01914-00605234-00605657 representativeness that uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01915-00605658-00606091 a human estimator takes
oLv4fiG6Rog-01916-00606092-00606462 another project as a representative
oLv4fiG6Rog-01917-00606463-00606755 project for making estimates for this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01918-00606756-00607025 project even though it is actually
oLv4fiG6Rog-01919-00607026-00607181 completely different and not
oLv4fiG6Rog-01920-00607182-00607409 representative at all then there is
oLv4fiG6Rog-01921-00607410-00607739 availability that what the people can
oLv4fiG6Rog-01922-00607740-00608116 memorize and which previous cases they
oLv4fiG6Rog-01923-00608117-00608518 can get into their memory and Minds when
oLv4fiG6Rog-01924-00608519-00608712 uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01925-00608713-00609089 providing their estimates so these uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01926-00609090-00609395 are potential heuristics that lead to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01927-00609396-00609577 certain biases
oLv4fiG6Rog-01928-00609578-00609922 that human estimators are not that let's
oLv4fiG6Rog-01929-00609923-00610451 say accurate or or Analytical in
oLv4fiG6Rog-01930-00610452-00610697 producing estimates
oLv4fiG6Rog-01931-00610698-00611122 and the facilitator's role again to
oLv4fiG6Rog-01932-00611123-00611375 mention it might be important to have
oLv4fiG6Rog-01933-00611376-00611747 people to think in a group more freely
oLv4fiG6Rog-01934-00611748-00612131 and not based on this what is listed in
oLv4fiG6Rog-01935-00612132-00612401 the last item of the biases thing like
oLv4fiG6Rog-01936-00612402-00612610 group think where there is a False
oLv4fiG6Rog-01937-00612611-00613031 Consensus but the group could fall into
oLv4fiG6Rog-01938-00613032-00613241 okay
oLv4fiG6Rog-01939-00613242-00613439 now
oLv4fiG6Rog-01940-00613440-00613768 this is the final slide
oLv4fiG6Rog-01941-00613769-00614110 what did we learn in this lecture
oLv4fiG6Rog-01942-00614111-00614393 there is a lot of items now listed in
oLv4fiG6Rog-01943-00614394-00614568 this slide
oLv4fiG6Rog-01944-00614569-00614983 I already also have tried to kind of
oLv4fiG6Rog-01945-00614984-00615209 emphasize certain things with these
oLv4fiG6Rog-01946-00615210-00615622 colors blue colors and and red colors
oLv4fiG6Rog-01947-00615623-00615953 so I don't necessarily want to walk
oLv4fiG6Rog-01948-00615954-00616475 through in detail this uh slide but this
oLv4fiG6Rog-01949-00616476-00616912 is for you if you like later to look at
oLv4fiG6Rog-01950-00616913-00617081 what we learned
oLv4fiG6Rog-01951-00617082-00617405 which things we went through and which
oLv4fiG6Rog-01952-00617406-00617710 let's say items or arguments or
oLv4fiG6Rog-01953-00617711-00617968 statements that I have listed here in
oLv4fiG6Rog-01954-00617969-00618293 this summary slide are something that
oLv4fiG6Rog-01955-00618294-00618545 are worthwhile for our learning
oLv4fiG6Rog-01956-00618546-00618989 experience
oLv4fiG6Rog-01957-00618990-00619133 so
oLv4fiG6Rog-01958-00619134-00619475 thank you very much for uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01959-00619476-00619841 being with me in this lecture
oLv4fiG6Rog-01960-00619842-00620209 it was really
oLv4fiG6Rog-01961-00620210-00620651 enjoyable to talk about uh project cost
oLv4fiG6Rog-01962-00620652-00620820 management
oLv4fiG6Rog-01963-00620821-00620981 risk
oLv4fiG6Rog-01964-00620982-00621370 analysis and product risk management
oLv4fiG6Rog-01965-00621371-00621545 and uh
oLv4fiG6Rog-01966-00621546-00621953 well I'm looking very much forward to um
oLv4fiG6Rog-01967-00621954-00622409 seeing you in the next lectures or
oLv4fiG6Rog-01968-00622410-00622595 spending time with you in the next
oLv4fiG6Rog-01969-00622596-00622781 lecture as well
oLv4fiG6Rog-01970-00622782-00623014 so thank you very much
oLv4fiG6Rog-01971-00623015-00623276 bye
oPD46Yo2vB0-00000-00000000-00000142 yo what's going on everybody this is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00001-00000143-00000281 Mystical tank I ain't bringing you Monk
oPD46Yo2vB0-00002-00000282-00000611 Monday number 111 thank you so much for
oPD46Yo2vB0-00003-00000612-00000784 whoever sends in your gameplay I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00004-00000785-00000941 appreciate it uh for those who don't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00005-00000942-00001054 know what this is pretty much you send
oPD46Yo2vB0-00006-00001055-00001300 any games you have to this email right
oPD46Yo2vB0-00007-00001301-00001541 here and it doesn't matter what gameplay
oPD46Yo2vB0-00008-00001542-00001732 it is it could be PVP which is two
oPD46Yo2vB0-00009-00001734-00002039 threes RPGs it could be PVE Mythic Plus
oPD46Yo2vB0-00010-00002039-00002225 or raids it could be wind walk or a
oPD46Yo2vB0-00011-00002226-00002392 misweaver it doesn't matter I think one
oPD46Yo2vB0-00012-00002393-00002507 of the best ways to improve up the game
oPD46Yo2vB0-00013-00002508-00002699 is to have somebody else look at your
oPD46Yo2vB0-00014-00002700-00002987 gameplay so yeah uh it's also it is free
oPD46Yo2vB0-00015-00002988-00003184 and someone asked me if you have to pay
oPD46Yo2vB0-00016-00003185-00003370 no just send your gameplay to the email
oPD46Yo2vB0-00017-00003371-00003569 and I try to just go through the order
oPD46Yo2vB0-00018-00003570-00003738 that they come in that's pretty much it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00019-00003739-00004006 so yeah uh if you have any gameplay
oPD46Yo2vB0-00020-00004007-00004265 submit it today we have Emma who is a
oPD46Yo2vB0-00021-00004266-00004606 Mythic plus goddess uh she submitted a
oPD46Yo2vB0-00022-00004607-00005117 24 junkyard with a lever uh and all F4
oPD46Yo2vB0-00023-00005118-00005351 if you finish it it's not you and it's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00024-00005352-00005525 not the tank
oPD46Yo2vB0-00025-00005526-00005735 warlocks I don't think it's the Demon
oPD46Yo2vB0-00026-00005736-00006286 Hunter the Hunter
oPD46Yo2vB0-00027-00006287-00006563 I'm going
oPD46Yo2vB0-00028-00006564-00006767 I'm going with the hunter I'm going with
oPD46Yo2vB0-00029-00006768-00006910 the hunter we have event there it looks
oPD46Yo2vB0-00030-00006911-00007073 like uh we get the forward order going
oPD46Yo2vB0-00031-00007073-00007331 and uh yeah I know we're looking good oh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00032-00007331-00007546 we do have the damage uh damage trinket
oPD46Yo2vB0-00033-00007547-00007667 which is nice
oPD46Yo2vB0-00034-00007668-00007792 um Mythic plus is a little bit out of my
oPD46Yo2vB0-00035-00007793-00007996 comfort zone but the only way to improve
oPD46Yo2vB0-00036-00007997-00008134 is to uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00037-00008136-00008441 do it so uh usually you skip here go
oPD46Yo2vB0-00038-00008442-00008651 uphill up this hill you also get the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00039-00008652-00009059 shock Bots the shock Bots shock Bots
oPD46Yo2vB0-00040-00009060-00009227 your damage also a boss that give you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00041-00009228-00009424 haste and health and all that stuff so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00042-00009425-00009742 uh there's one right there
oPD46Yo2vB0-00043-00009743-00009887 yeah I don't know if I don't know if you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00044-00009888-00010019 can be learning much from this Keystone
oPD46Yo2vB0-00045-00010020-00010559 but I will do my best to uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00046-00010560-00010835 to see if I see anything I don't know uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00047-00010836-00011213 pull that mob looks like we're running
oPD46Yo2vB0-00048-00011214-00011435 foreign
oPD46Yo2vB0-00049-00011436-00011578 Gateway
oPD46Yo2vB0-00050-00011579-00011855 yeah I I have I've done i i two chested
oPD46Yo2vB0-00051-00011856-00012227 a 20 23 on this but yeah this is a 24
oPD46Yo2vB0-00052-00012228-00012359 which is pretty big so we're getting our
oPD46Yo2vB0-00053-00012360-00012527 Bots right now as long as you don't die
oPD46Yo2vB0-00054-00012528-00012724 you keep the buff it's uh oh we don't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00055-00012725-00012910 have any of them yet but
oPD46Yo2vB0-00056-00012911-00013169 DPS have them big pull here it looks
oPD46Yo2vB0-00057-00013169-00013421 like it's what tyrannical
oPD46Yo2vB0-00058-00013422-00013703 bursting
oPD46Yo2vB0-00059-00013704-00013811 I don't know what that third was
oPD46Yo2vB0-00060-00013812-00013979 volcanic yeah volcanic all right
oPD46Yo2vB0-00061-00013980-00014494 actually not bad uh affixes
oPD46Yo2vB0-00062-00014495-00014741 so that's a pretty big pull Essence font
oPD46Yo2vB0-00063-00014741-00014866 going
oPD46Yo2vB0-00064-00014868-00015029 um Mystic touch is kind of important
oPD46Yo2vB0-00065-00015030-00015172 because of hunters but I think we got
oPD46Yo2vB0-00066-00015173-00015322 spinning crane cook when we first pulled
oPD46Yo2vB0-00067-00015323-00015563 and it doesn't expire in PVE good job
oPD46Yo2vB0-00068-00015563-00015808 pulling that avoiding the circles I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00069-00015809-00015971 swear I always have people have
oPD46Yo2vB0-00070-00015972-00016186 I've had DPS that just think the circles
oPD46Yo2vB0-00071-00016187-00016408 give you a buff I swear
oPD46Yo2vB0-00072-00016409-00016589 um
oPD46Yo2vB0-00073-00016590-00016763 yeah good job with the bursting Stacks
oPD46Yo2vB0-00074-00016764-00016847 as well
oPD46Yo2vB0-00075-00016848-00017308 matching up where are we going now
oPD46Yo2vB0-00076-00017309-00017500 I like the sign mount
oPD46Yo2vB0-00077-00017501-00017705 I don't know yeah we go up here maybe
oPD46Yo2vB0-00078-00017706-00017836 there's a bot up there maybe a mom that
oPD46Yo2vB0-00079-00017837-00018239 needs to get pulled no
oPD46Yo2vB0-00080-00018240-00018425 no there we go look at that
oPD46Yo2vB0-00081-00018426-00018683 there's a little shockbot
oPD46Yo2vB0-00082-00018684-00018880 perfect
oPD46Yo2vB0-00083-00018881-00019061 there and that's the two that the buff
oPD46Yo2vB0-00084-00019062-00019463 right is the two hour buff right here so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00085-00019464-00019589 in case I don't want to know what it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00086-00019590-00020093 looked like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00087-00020094-00020272 oh we got Essence fun going out I'm
oPD46Yo2vB0-00088-00020273-00020405 assuming we're using ancient teachings
oPD46Yo2vB0-00089-00020406-00020530 we are using ancient teachings here
oPD46Yo2vB0-00090-00020531-00020693 spinning Cricket because the debuff on
oPD46Yo2vB0-00091-00020694-00020855 everything really good for Hunter damage
oPD46Yo2vB0-00092-00020856-00021011 and we're just gonna crank damage
oPD46Yo2vB0-00093-00021012-00021185 obviously we want to get out of this uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00094-00021186-00021364 green slime
oPD46Yo2vB0-00095-00021365-00021593 or not
oPD46Yo2vB0-00096-00021594-00021839 there we go oh my God usually I get out
oPD46Yo2vB0-00097-00021840-00021947 of that so fast I forgot you have so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00098-00021948-00022097 much time to actually do it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00099-00022098-00022271 but yeah we got rid of the debuff and we
oPD46Yo2vB0-00100-00022272-00022433 rolled out which is really good this is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00101-00022434-00022594 chiji as well
oPD46Yo2vB0-00102-00022595-00022822 and we're using Force head so we have a
oPD46Yo2vB0-00103-00022823-00022985 lot of healing we have three stacks
oPD46Yo2vB0-00104-00022986-00023122 there we go there's the blackout kicks
oPD46Yo2vB0-00105-00023123-00023291 from the uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00106-00023292-00023489 teaching the monastery because that was
oPD46Yo2vB0-00107-00023490-00023597 a lot of damage a lot of healing to
oPD46Yo2vB0-00108-00023598-00023747 spell uh Tay can actually just found
oPD46Yo2vB0-00109-00023748-00024028 himself which is really good uh I think
oPD46Yo2vB0-00110-00024029-00024275 most tanks can't as well poisons or
oPD46Yo2vB0-00111-00024276-00024455 diseases on them
oPD46Yo2vB0-00112-00024456-00024671 only one person Stacks so it's not that
oPD46Yo2vB0-00113-00024672-00024905 bad great job healing we're getting
oPD46Yo2vB0-00114-00024906-00025199 stacks of teachings of the monastery got
oPD46Yo2vB0-00115-00025200-00025517 our blackout kick Stacks just dropped
oPD46Yo2vB0-00116-00025518-00025762 or was that GG stacks
oPD46Yo2vB0-00117-00025763-00025949 I think it was chiji
oPD46Yo2vB0-00118-00025950-00026093 it's running away from consume dispel
oPD46Yo2vB0-00119-00026094-00026477 the Demon Hunter
oPD46Yo2vB0-00120-00026477-00026651 and no we're doing really good we're
oPD46Yo2vB0-00121-00026652-00026849 renewing missed we're new it's coming up
oPD46Yo2vB0-00122-00026850-00026993 in a second we still have Manatee we
oPD46Yo2vB0-00123-00026994-00027143 have we have every single cooldown which
oPD46Yo2vB0-00124-00027144-00027257 is nice
oPD46Yo2vB0-00125-00027258-00027395 and so far this Run's going actually
oPD46Yo2vB0-00126-00027395-00027562 really smooth I'm it's weird that like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00127-00027563-00027796 unless you guys do a wipe I don't see
oPD46Yo2vB0-00128-00027797-00028031 how anyone all f4s this is Fallen order
oPD46Yo2vB0-00129-00028032-00028145 here
oPD46Yo2vB0-00130-00028145-00028331 big pull trying to get the cooldown
oPD46Yo2vB0-00131-00028332-00028517 reduction on it it's been Spin to Win
oPD46Yo2vB0-00132-00028518-00028781 pretty much with the Fallen order up but
oPD46Yo2vB0-00133-00028782-00028918 normally nothing dies with Fallen order
oPD46Yo2vB0-00134-00028919-00029068 up either which is really really nice
oPD46Yo2vB0-00135-00029069-00029231 it's actually a really strong three
oPD46Yo2vB0-00136-00029232-00029440 minute cooldown it's just uh it's just a
oPD46Yo2vB0-00137-00029441-00029614 three minute cooldown
oPD46Yo2vB0-00138-00029616-00030040 they are doing good
oPD46Yo2vB0-00139-00030041-00030340 spinning still do damage I'm just
oPD46Yo2vB0-00140-00030341-00030473 looking up at the Buffs to see if we're
oPD46Yo2vB0-00141-00030474-00030557 like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00142-00030558-00030785 I don't know Emma you play like so well
oPD46Yo2vB0-00143-00030786-00031139 like I don't know I'm looking at the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00144-00031139-00031283 Buffs up here to see if like there's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00145-00031283-00031481 anything maybe you can min max better
oPD46Yo2vB0-00146-00031482-00031643 but
oPD46Yo2vB0-00147-00031644-00032045 no there isn't there isn't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00148-00032045-00032218 I kind of hope you mess with mechanics
oPD46Yo2vB0-00149-00032219-00032417 secretly so I can say yo just gotta you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00150-00032418-00032783 know avoid that mechanic
oPD46Yo2vB0-00151-00032784-00032957 but yeah no overall no rent's going
oPD46Yo2vB0-00152-00032958-00033196 pretty pretty smooth you know what can I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00153-00033197-00033329 change my answer to the Demon Hunter
oPD46Yo2vB0-00154-00033330-00033652 leaving I think he's gotten like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00155-00033653-00033923 I feel like Demon Hunter might be it you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00156-00033924-00034061 know I just have a weird feeling because
oPD46Yo2vB0-00157-00034062-00034168 the hunters just chilled I thought the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00158-00034169-00034289 hunter was good would like die a few
oPD46Yo2vB0-00159-00034290-00034867 times and like rage Quentin leave but
oPD46Yo2vB0-00160-00034868-00035057 starting to feel like this Demon Hunter
oPD46Yo2vB0-00161-00035058-00035477 might be it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00162-00035478-00035711 now we're doing good though what Oh I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00163-00035712-00035843 thought that was a slime out I thought
oPD46Yo2vB0-00164-00035844-00036011 that was so cool that's a little turtle
oPD46Yo2vB0-00165-00036012-00036161 mount
oPD46Yo2vB0-00166-00036162-00036340 all right looks like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00167-00036341-00036652 we're gonna bloodlust this boss
oPD46Yo2vB0-00168-00036653-00036809 but we need to kill the rest of the ads
oPD46Yo2vB0-00169-00036810-00037007 first so we're gonna go around oh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00170-00037008-00037168 there's a little bot right there welding
oPD46Yo2vB0-00171-00037169-00037474 bot I think that's health
oPD46Yo2vB0-00172-00037475-00037739 and healing to your like healing to the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00173-00037740-00037924 person the player
oPD46Yo2vB0-00174-00037925-00038243 spinning here good work for a set just
oPD46Yo2vB0-00175-00038244-00038440 do damage here we've uh teachers in the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00176-00038441-00038590 monastery up so we're just gonna do a
oPD46Yo2vB0-00177-00038591-00038830 ton of damage helps us heal dispel that
oPD46Yo2vB0-00178-00038831-00039167 perfect Three Stacks shouldn't be too
oPD46Yo2vB0-00179-00039168-00039377 bad can normally heal it go straight
oPD46Yo2vB0-00180-00039378-00039574 into the boss which is good this boss
oPD46Yo2vB0-00181-00039575-00039730 really doesn't have that many mechanics
oPD46Yo2vB0-00182-00039731-00039971 it has what two or three uh essentially
oPD46Yo2vB0-00183-00039972-00040085 what you want to do is you want to stand
oPD46Yo2vB0-00184-00040086-00040265 in the circles of the little these
oPD46Yo2vB0-00185-00040266-00040493 things right here
oPD46Yo2vB0-00186-00040494-00040721 and avoid the green swirls that's that's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00187-00040722-00040924 pretty much it when occasionally the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00188-00040925-00041135 Bots will turn into slimes and you want
oPD46Yo2vB0-00189-00041136-00041267 to kill the Slime because then you can't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00190-00041268-00041411 stand the circle and you need to stand
oPD46Yo2vB0-00191-00041412-00041621 in the circle because of the this right
oPD46Yo2vB0-00192-00041622-00041795 here if you're not historically pretty
oPD46Yo2vB0-00193-00041796-00041890 much just gonna die especially on
oPD46Yo2vB0-00194-00041891-00042077 tyrannical Chronicle 24 you're
oPD46Yo2vB0-00195-00042078-00042293 definitely gonna die
oPD46Yo2vB0-00196-00042294-00042587 so yeah I know doing good great job
oPD46Yo2vB0-00197-00042588-00042868 damage I wish I could what's up DPS yo
oPD46Yo2vB0-00198-00042869-00043115 we're cranking 7K DPS which is pretty
oPD46Yo2vB0-00199-00043116-00043318 freaking insane
oPD46Yo2vB0-00200-00043319-00043511 so that's really good
oPD46Yo2vB0-00201-00043512-00043780 um slime died there so we're just gonna
oPD46Yo2vB0-00202-00043781-00043907 keep doing damage just a fallen order
oPD46Yo2vB0-00203-00043908-00044135 toxic wave here
oPD46Yo2vB0-00204-00044136-00044357 good job staying in the circle phone
oPD46Yo2vB0-00205-00044358-00044530 order everyone's gonna have versatility
oPD46Yo2vB0-00206-00044531-00044830 it seems like everyone has Essence fonts
oPD46Yo2vB0-00207-00044831-00045035 so I'll be engine teachings up we have
oPD46Yo2vB0-00208-00045036-00045299 our Stacks going yeah probably some of
oPD46Yo2vB0-00209-00045300-00045767 the blackout kicks now perfect
oPD46Yo2vB0-00210-00045768-00045905 and we're just gonna do damage it's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00211-00045906-00046024 actually insane
oPD46Yo2vB0-00212-00046025-00046379 good stuff
oPD46Yo2vB0-00213-00046380-00046540 with the Damage Done overall as an
oPD46Yo2vB0-00214-00046541-00046733 updating
oPD46Yo2vB0-00215-00046734-00046895 maybe that's not our deal maybe that's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00216-00046896-00047321 not our DPS
oPD46Yo2vB0-00217-00047322-00047567 anyway doesn't matter we're still owning
oPD46Yo2vB0-00218-00047568-00047687 this boss
oPD46Yo2vB0-00219-00047688-00047746 um
oPD46Yo2vB0-00220-00047747-00048005 avoid stand the circle
oPD46Yo2vB0-00221-00048006-00048329 and we should be able to kill this boss
oPD46Yo2vB0-00222-00048330-00048479 we have two charges we're doing this
oPD46Yo2vB0-00223-00048480-00048695 right now that's right we got two a Emma
oPD46Yo2vB0-00224-00048696-00048893 you got two charges are nearing missed
oPD46Yo2vB0-00225-00048894-00049018 you know maybe we want to extend those
oPD46Yo2vB0-00226-00049019-00049355 with Rising mist
oPD46Yo2vB0-00227-00049356-00049595 not doing a great job
oPD46Yo2vB0-00228-00049596-00049702 yeah there you go there's the two
oPD46Yo2vB0-00229-00049703-00050045 charges gunker is down
oPD46Yo2vB0-00230-00050046-00050243 uh this boss the final boss is actually
oPD46Yo2vB0-00231-00050244-00050452 real oh this wait what's oh this is what
oPD46Yo2vB0-00232-00050453-00050830 is this Damage Done overall
oPD46Yo2vB0-00233-00050831-00051287 I was doing AK DPS okay damn all right
oPD46Yo2vB0-00234-00051288-00051538 my bad I was like at the wrong leaders
oPD46Yo2vB0-00235-00051539-00051779 and 17K healing per second ah freaking
oPD46Yo2vB0-00236-00051779-00051875 insane
oPD46Yo2vB0-00237-00051876-00052037 um avoid these mobs probably gonna go to
oPD46Yo2vB0-00238-00052038-00052361 the trog Boss Next which is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00239-00052362-00052637 King something oh we're stuck that's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00240-00052638-00052726 okay
oPD46Yo2vB0-00241-00052727-00052900 we got out of there so the Mythic plus
oPD46Yo2vB0-00242-00052901-00053147 one I was actually really sick
oPD46Yo2vB0-00243-00053148-00053392 I really like this
oPD46Yo2vB0-00244-00053394-00053657 oh this is a really long route is this
oPD46Yo2vB0-00245-00053658-00053915 oh a little shock a little bot there
oPD46Yo2vB0-00246-00053916-00054461 oh wow cool cool looking good
oPD46Yo2vB0-00247-00054462-00054635 what is that mount
oPD46Yo2vB0-00248-00054636-00054911 what
oPD46Yo2vB0-00249-00054912-00055109 it's like the tiniest little little
oPD46Yo2vB0-00250-00055110-00055349 Mount I've ever seen in my whole life
oPD46Yo2vB0-00251-00055350-00055523 all right this is a pretty this is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00252-00055524-00055685 actually a pretty rough pull especially
oPD46Yo2vB0-00253-00055686-00055829 on for it but I think it's tyrannical
oPD46Yo2vB0-00254-00055829-00055925 week so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00255-00055926-00056116 it's been a win here Fort Brew gets used
oPD46Yo2vB0-00256-00056117-00056315 and what you want to do is you want to
oPD46Yo2vB0-00257-00056316-00056494 avoid the shock waves and then we also
oPD46Yo2vB0-00258-00056495-00056771 have a uh infiltrator so you want to
oPD46Yo2vB0-00259-00056772-00056915 avoid the purple circles on the ground
oPD46Yo2vB0-00260-00056916-00057179 but the most important thing even though
oPD46Yo2vB0-00261-00057179-00057425 it's not fortified weak uh you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00262-00057426-00057604 definitely want to avoid the shock waves
oPD46Yo2vB0-00263-00057605-00057779 but we did a pretty good job of it so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00264-00057779-00058157 nice damn for Trader goes down
oPD46Yo2vB0-00265-00058158-00058450 probably saving the two crazy what's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00266-00058451-00058709 that what's the oh Trixie Trixie and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00267-00058710-00058841 Nano
oPD46Yo2vB0-00268-00058841-00058985 um
oPD46Yo2vB0-00269-00058986-00059219 I guess for last this must be maybe or
oPD46Yo2vB0-00270-00059220-00059363 not
oPD46Yo2vB0-00271-00059364-00059699 Bob gets here grease spot
oPD46Yo2vB0-00272-00059700-00059842 I'm gonna I'm not gonna lie I don't know
oPD46Yo2vB0-00273-00059844-00060125 what the Green Spot does no clue I don't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00274-00060126-00060299 know what the great spot does uh good
oPD46Yo2vB0-00275-00060300-00060721 skip here really really good skip here
oPD46Yo2vB0-00276-00060722-00060929 I like that mount the Crane's pretty
oPD46Yo2vB0-00277-00060929-00061192 cool
oPD46Yo2vB0-00278-00061194-00061354 um this this kind of this half of the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00279-00061355-00061553 trash on this on this in this dungeon is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00280-00061554-00061738 pretty much just all frontals so you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00281-00061739-00062099 just want to avoid the frontals and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00282-00062100-00062363 stay behind them I would say uh it's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00283-00062364-00062494 it's kind of hard when there's multiple
oPD46Yo2vB0-00284-00062495-00062657 Trash Packs though and this infiltrator
oPD46Yo2vB0-00285-00062658-00062932 is just so hard to deal with all of it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00286-00062933-00063263 uh when most of them have frontals but
oPD46Yo2vB0-00287-00063264-00063497 no doing a good job right now uh we do
oPD46Yo2vB0-00288-00063498-00063611 have two charges over doing this that's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00289-00063612-00063761 all you know that's all I'm gonna say
oPD46Yo2vB0-00290-00063762-00064085 you haven't messed up any mechanics
oPD46Yo2vB0-00291-00064086-00064216 um that's in spawn here a little skip
oPD46Yo2vB0-00292-00064217-00064349 through the hole right there look at
oPD46Yo2vB0-00293-00064350-00064697 that perfect uh this could be a big pull
oPD46Yo2vB0-00294-00064698-00065021 this could be a big pull if uh if we
oPD46Yo2vB0-00295-00065022-00065321 want it to be probably not
oPD46Yo2vB0-00296-00065322-00065632 pair across okay or ice trap I guess
oPD46Yo2vB0-00297-00065633-00065915 we're trying to uh see a target maybe so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00298-00065916-00066347 it stops patrolling
oPD46Yo2vB0-00299-00066348-00066521 or not we're just gonna do a big pull
oPD46Yo2vB0-00300-00066522-00066635 perfect
oPD46Yo2vB0-00301-00066636-00066881 so this is the mini boss it's not
oPD46Yo2vB0-00302-00066882-00067006 fortified a week so it shouldn't be too
oPD46Yo2vB0-00303-00067007-00067175 bad but it is you know does do quite a
oPD46Yo2vB0-00304-00067176-00067337 bit of damage um looks like we did use
oPD46Yo2vB0-00305-00067338-00067487 Fallen order here just spin to win
oPD46Yo2vB0-00306-00067488-00067600 during fall and Order especially when
oPD46Yo2vB0-00307-00067601-00067793 it's a big pull it makes the cooldown
oPD46Yo2vB0-00308-00067794-00067925 reduction like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00309-00067926-00068332 a lot easier and a lot faster
oPD46Yo2vB0-00310-00068333-00068771 sorry if I sound sick it's because I am
oPD46Yo2vB0-00311-00068772-00068861 um
oPD46Yo2vB0-00312-00068862-00069017 doing good we killed the mini boss so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00313-00069018-00069143 everyone's gonna get healthy Mana so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00314-00069144-00069329 where do we even need to even heal wait
oPD46Yo2vB0-00315-00069330-00069431 we didn't kill them oh we killed the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00316-00069432-00069665 infiltrator not that many balls my fault
oPD46Yo2vB0-00317-00069666-00069923 but yeah we gotta dispel those stacks on
oPD46Yo2vB0-00318-00069924-00070306 the tank and then nice perfect
oPD46Yo2vB0-00319-00070307-00070463 and then we should we still have chiji
oPD46Yo2vB0-00320-00070464-00070594 we still have life cocoon I don't think
oPD46Yo2vB0-00321-00070595-00070744 we still have Revival for bursting
oPD46Yo2vB0-00322-00070745-00070943 snacks thankfully there really aren't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00323-00070944-00071261 many large pulls unless it's like the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00324-00071262-00071459 trog side you could go pretty big pulls
oPD46Yo2vB0-00325-00071460-00071735 but for bursting for this dungeon it's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00326-00071736-00071981 actually not too bad
oPD46Yo2vB0-00327-00071982-00072191 uh but we're doing 10K DPS which is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00328-00072192-00072437 insane great job here kill the mini boss
oPD46Yo2vB0-00329-00072438-00072635 and we should be good I don't know if
oPD46Yo2vB0-00330-00072636-00072821 there's enough room to kill the bosses
oPD46Yo2vB0-00331-00072822-00072994 yet though
oPD46Yo2vB0-00332-00072995-00073163 because you have the other half of this
oPD46Yo2vB0-00333-00073164-00073247 room
oPD46Yo2vB0-00334-00073248-00073582 but we're making really I mean
oPD46Yo2vB0-00335-00073583-00073913 almost got two bosses down and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00336-00073914-00074069 not even like a third of the way down
oPD46Yo2vB0-00337-00074070-00074315 that's it's actually really uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00338-00074316-00074567 really good
oPD46Yo2vB0-00339-00074568-00074759 dude maybe we do have enough
oPD46Yo2vB0-00340-00074760-00074921 no no I don't think I have enough
oPD46Yo2vB0-00341-00074922-00075094 because the tank does this little
oPD46Yo2vB0-00342-00075095-00075275 wheelie thing
oPD46Yo2vB0-00343-00075276-00075869 little shock bot here
oPD46Yo2vB0-00344-00075870-00076031 what's going on here I've never done
oPD46Yo2vB0-00345-00076032-00076229 this before Oh we actually are okay I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00346-00076230-00076343 guess there is enough room all right I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00347-00076344-00076619 don't know these strats all right
oPD46Yo2vB0-00348-00076620-00076859 I guess we're chilling behind here
oPD46Yo2vB0-00349-00076860-00077099 so this this boss also only has like two
oPD46Yo2vB0-00350-00077100-00077285 mechanic two or three mechanics but I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00351-00077286-00077435 don't know maybe you avoid one of the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00352-00077436-00077597 tanks by doing this uh you want to kick
oPD46Yo2vB0-00353-00077598-00077932 the tase as much as you can uh that puts
oPD46Yo2vB0-00354-00077933-00078094 a DOT that does damage and puts a DOT on
oPD46Yo2vB0-00355-00078095-00078275 somebody and it really hurts and then
oPD46Yo2vB0-00356-00078276-00078437 where's the second boss
oPD46Yo2vB0-00357-00078438-00078761 is this is he stacked on top
oPD46Yo2vB0-00358-00078762-00078929 yeah
oPD46Yo2vB0-00359-00078930-00079211 um you want to not stand in front of the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00360-00079212-00079421 Omega taste you want to stand in the the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00361-00079422-00079559 gray cloud
oPD46Yo2vB0-00362-00079560-00079750 that way you avoid the damage from the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00363-00079751-00079997 mega tase we also turtled
oPD46Yo2vB0-00364-00079998-00080255 okay
oPD46Yo2vB0-00365-00080256-00080459 keep kicking taze we should be good I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00366-00080460-00080561 guess both of them right here this is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00367-00080562-00080662 actually insane I've never seen the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00368-00080663-00080938 Strat love it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00369-00080939-00081076 makes it so much easier and then the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00370-00081077-00081173 other one you just don't want to stand
oPD46Yo2vB0-00371-00081174-00081611 in front of them but this oh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00372-00081612-00081826 yeah that's that's that's kind of why we
oPD46Yo2vB0-00373-00081827-00082175 kicked the tase I think
oPD46Yo2vB0-00374-00082176-00082337 but I think you know we're doing pretty
oPD46Yo2vB0-00375-00082338-00082511 good maybe we should be resm we don't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00376-00082512-00082625 have beavers
oPD46Yo2vB0-00377-00082626-00082859 maybe we have the Warlock poor monks and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00378-00082860-00083009 no beavers
oPD46Yo2vB0-00379-00083010-00083231 roll out jump stand in front of them
oPD46Yo2vB0-00380-00083232-00083441 nice perfect
oPD46Yo2vB0-00381-00083442-00083687 volcanic damage is fine
oPD46Yo2vB0-00382-00083688-00083987 kill that one perfect uh this one so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00383-00083988-00084209 this mob again don't stand in front of
oPD46Yo2vB0-00384-00084210-00084376 them but it's pretty much dead so that
oPD46Yo2vB0-00385-00084377-00084581 shot was actually
oPD46Yo2vB0-00386-00084582-00084844 Wicked really quiet I haven't seen that
oPD46Yo2vB0-00387-00084845-00085019 maybe that was the Mythic plus uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00388-00085020-00085199 tournament or something that I missed
oPD46Yo2vB0-00389-00085200-00085462 but that was that was really really cool
oPD46Yo2vB0-00390-00085463-00085643 uh demon Hunter's gonna try to get as
oPD46Yo2vB0-00391-00085644-00085871 many Bots back as you can
oPD46Yo2vB0-00392-00085872-00086021 Demon Hunter is definitely leaving by
oPD46Yo2vB0-00393-00086022-00086171 the way I I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00394-00086172-00086338 demon Hunter's leaving it's it's not the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00395-00086339-00086531 hunter I'll stick with the hunter I'll
oPD46Yo2vB0-00396-00086532-00086747 stick with the hunter but I'm 99 sure
oPD46Yo2vB0-00397-00086748-00086867 it's gonna be the Demon Hunter I can
oPD46Yo2vB0-00398-00086868-00087094 feel it uh so yeah this this is the part
oPD46Yo2vB0-00399-00087095-00087232 of the trash where it's gonna be uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00400-00087233-00087455 bigger pulls
oPD46Yo2vB0-00401-00087456-00087599 um we do have we don't have Revival for
oPD46Yo2vB0-00402-00087600-00087905 22. oh the Demon Hunter is so leaving oh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00403-00087906-00088126 he's so leaving
oPD46Yo2vB0-00404-00088127-00088361 um this half is gonna have bigger posts
oPD46Yo2vB0-00405-00088362-00088535 we don't have Revival we don't have turo
oPD46Yo2vB0-00406-00088536-00088762 either we don't have we actually have
oPD46Yo2vB0-00407-00088763-00089021 nothing we actually have nothing so yep
oPD46Yo2vB0-00408-00089022-00089231 oh my God I knew it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00409-00089232-00089435 and I you know I guess the hunter at the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00410-00089436-00089597 start because it's always a hunter it's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00411-00089598-00089759 always a hunter
oPD46Yo2vB0-00412-00089760-00089944 I had a feeling all this Demon Hunter I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00413-00089945-00090161 knew I knew as soon as like he started
oPD46Yo2vB0-00414-00090162-00090329 getting hit by mechanics by the slimes
oPD46Yo2vB0-00415-00090330-00090532 and like died at the on that second boss
oPD46Yo2vB0-00416-00090533-00090941 I knew it oh my God that's so crazy man
oPD46Yo2vB0-00417-00090942-00091150 why why do people rage like that it's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00418-00091151-00091325 such a like turn off for people that are
oPD46Yo2vB0-00419-00091326-00091559 doing what they plus because this is 24.
oPD46Yo2vB0-00420-00091560-00091793 this is like pretty high so this even
oPD46Yo2vB0-00421-00091794-00092093 happens at high at lower ones it's even
oPD46Yo2vB0-00422-00092094-00092315 worse man it sucks it sucks great job
oPD46Yo2vB0-00423-00092316-00092482 with uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00424-00092483-00092644 the with this pull by the way three
oPD46Yo2vB0-00425-00092645-00092765 stacks of bursting you could probably
oPD46Yo2vB0-00426-00092766-00092993 heal through it right you're you're Emma
oPD46Yo2vB0-00427-00092994-00093275 rubama the the goddess Miss Weaver I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00428-00093276-00093359 mean you could heal through probably
oPD46Yo2vB0-00429-00093360-00093605 eight Stacks no cooldowns
oPD46Yo2vB0-00430-00093606-00093875 frowning face yeah that kind of sucks
oPD46Yo2vB0-00431-00093876-00094031 like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00432-00094032-00094132 I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00433-00094133-00094338 it's just so bizarre that like people
oPD46Yo2vB0-00434-00094339-00094594 it's funny because like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00435-00094595-00094781 he's the one that made the mistakes you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00436-00094782-00094918 know I mean like the demon is the one
oPD46Yo2vB0-00437-00094919-00095200 that made the mistakes so like I don't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00438-00095201-00095279 know
oPD46Yo2vB0-00439-00095280-00095443 um
oPD46Yo2vB0-00440-00095444-00095621 whatever this thing is the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00441-00095622-00095837 malfunctioning thing run away when he
oPD46Yo2vB0-00442-00095838-00096011 spins this is not for you ever this is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00443-00096012-00096179 for anyone who's into Mythic plus
oPD46Yo2vB0-00444-00096180-00096323 they're trying to learn
oPD46Yo2vB0-00445-00096324-00096526 um standard word scenarian swarm don't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00446-00096527-00096653 stand up front also for the purple
oPD46Yo2vB0-00447-00096654-00096887 circles keep spinning to win and we're
oPD46Yo2vB0-00448-00096888-00097043 doing pretty good right now if we have
oPD46Yo2vB0-00449-00097044-00097276 leg sweep it might be kind of
oPD46Yo2vB0-00450-00097277-00097487 nice but
oPD46Yo2vB0-00451-00097488-00097703 we don't have to not that big a deal
oPD46Yo2vB0-00452-00097704-00097937 nice nice leg sweep thanks for listening
oPD46Yo2vB0-00453-00097938-00098056 to me
oPD46Yo2vB0-00454-00098057-00098261 appreciate it I'm just giving advice out
oPD46Yo2vB0-00455-00098262-00098579 for free you know
oPD46Yo2vB0-00456-00098580-00098788 no no we're doing really good um you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00457-00098789-00099161 want to avoid the shock waves from the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00458-00099162-00099515 mobs and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00459-00099516-00099647 that's pretty much it I mean there's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00460-00099648-00099791 nothing these aren't the mobs that too
oPD46Yo2vB0-00461-00099792-00099941 it's the bigger trogs but these ones
oPD46Yo2vB0-00462-00099942-00100097 just throw trash and the smaller ones
oPD46Yo2vB0-00463-00100098-00100199 don't really do that much damage
oPD46Yo2vB0-00464-00100200-00100391 especially especially on tyrannical week
oPD46Yo2vB0-00465-00100392-00100541 it's like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00466-00100542-00100738 yeah but these Big Fellas right here
oPD46Yo2vB0-00467-00100739-00100967 yeah just avoid the shot the frontal
oPD46Yo2vB0-00468-00100968-00101381 shock wave
oPD46Yo2vB0-00469-00101382-00101543 yeah so here's a shock wave they turn
oPD46Yo2vB0-00470-00101544-00101776 cast it so you have time to avoid it and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00471-00101777-00102065 it's a little ground like breaking
oPD46Yo2vB0-00472-00102066-00102197 um
oPD46Yo2vB0-00473-00102198-00102413 and then I think if you have a purge you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00474-00102414-00102599 could Purge off the okay can't they
oPD46Yo2vB0-00475-00102600-00102736 don't they get a buff maybe it's a suit
oPD46Yo2vB0-00476-00102738-00103013 I don't know Shockwave avoid it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00477-00103014-00103228 good job well done we're doing a great
oPD46Yo2vB0-00478-00103229-00103390 job
oPD46Yo2vB0-00479-00103391-00103565 Shockwave
oPD46Yo2vB0-00480-00103566-00103858 boom avoid it perfect doing a great job
oPD46Yo2vB0-00481-00103859-00104051 we have all of our bot stuff up because
oPD46Yo2vB0-00482-00104052-00104225 we haven't died because we're insane
oPD46Yo2vB0-00483-00104226-00104458 uh one bursting stack
oPD46Yo2vB0-00484-00104459-00104710 is nothing even if we got a second one
oPD46Yo2vB0-00485-00104711-00104878 it's not that bad
oPD46Yo2vB0-00486-00104879-00105178 and uh yeah so now we have King oh we
oPD46Yo2vB0-00487-00105179-00105443 have the king Gaba Mac I knew it was
oPD46Yo2vB0-00488-00105444-00106354 King something
oPD46Yo2vB0-00489-00106355-00106795 he died yeah exactly like it's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00490-00106796-00106997 he's actually you know this demon Harris
oPD46Yo2vB0-00491-00106998-00107093 this Demon Hunter is actually
oPD46Yo2vB0-00492-00107094-00107375 embarrassed like he's he's just
oPD46Yo2vB0-00493-00107376-00107615 embarrassed that like he made mistakes
oPD46Yo2vB0-00494-00107616-00107777 and now he just wants to log up I don't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00495-00107778-00107921 know uh we fall in order here right off
oPD46Yo2vB0-00496-00107922-00108113 the rip I think we're gonna bloodlust or
oPD46Yo2vB0-00497-00108114-00108419 hero or Time Warp there we go
oPD46Yo2vB0-00498-00108420-00108665 there it is um and we're just gonna do
oPD46Yo2vB0-00499-00108666-00108910 damage here so this boss has a few
oPD46Yo2vB0-00500-00108911-00109066 mechanics so the first one is this uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00501-00109067-00109234 this AOE damage
oPD46Yo2vB0-00502-00109235-00109313 um and then there's gonna be something
oPD46Yo2vB0-00503-00109314-00109523 called a charge Smash and what he's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00504-00109524-00109690 gonna do is he's gonna smash he's gonna
oPD46Yo2vB0-00505-00109691-00109816 make this little circle You're Gonna
oPD46Yo2vB0-00506-00109817-00109990 Wanna get inside when you get inside you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00507-00109991-00110254 have this this uh debuff you go next to
oPD46Yo2vB0-00508-00110255-00110393 one of the poles they're marked with
oPD46Yo2vB0-00509-00110394-00110597 markers here and what that does is these
oPD46Yo2vB0-00510-00110598-00110771 little trunks that are spawning they'll
oPD46Yo2vB0-00511-00110772-00110951 die instantly if they get close to it or
oPD46Yo2vB0-00512-00110952-00111208 they'll this thing will kill them
oPD46Yo2vB0-00513-00111209-00111521 so see how they're dying zap some zap
oPD46Yo2vB0-00514-00111522-00111719 some so then you essentially just focus
oPD46Yo2vB0-00515-00111720-00111928 on the boss and the boss itself doesn't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00516-00111929-00112066 again doesn't have that many mechanics
oPD46Yo2vB0-00517-00112067-00112216 this is also chiji here doing a great
oPD46Yo2vB0-00518-00112217-00112384 job uh we also have two charges of
oPD46Yo2vB0-00519-00112385-00112540 renewing missed you know just just
oPD46Yo2vB0-00520-00112541-00112643 letting you know
oPD46Yo2vB0-00521-00112644-00112786 we got two of them
oPD46Yo2vB0-00522-00112788-00112919 there's Essence one throughout another
oPD46Yo2vB0-00523-00112920-00113134 one perfect Emma uh charge smash again
oPD46Yo2vB0-00524-00113135-00113375 uh it does do quite a bit of damage on
oPD46Yo2vB0-00525-00113376-00113531 tyrannical week so just do keep that in
oPD46Yo2vB0-00526-00113532-00113728 mind but uh for the most part once you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00527-00113729-00113866 get that down we have the rubble here
oPD46Yo2vB0-00528-00113867-00114101 which is the AOE damage it does do quite
oPD46Yo2vB0-00529-00114102-00114334 a bit of damage uh so you might need to
oPD46Yo2vB0-00530-00114335-00114610 trade Revival life cocoon
oPD46Yo2vB0-00531-00114611-00114821 um stuff like that Gigi Fallen order
oPD46Yo2vB0-00532-00114822-00115133 just to heal through the damage but it's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00533-00115133-00115336 it's not too bad like it's not a one
oPD46Yo2vB0-00534-00115338-00115523 shot you have time between each like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00535-00115524-00115745 pulse to heal up
oPD46Yo2vB0-00536-00115746-00115919 um I would recommend maybe Fallen order
oPD46Yo2vB0-00537-00115920-00116219 one Revival the second one and then
oPD46Yo2vB0-00538-00116220-00116386 you could forfeit yourself life could
oPD46Yo2vB0-00539-00116388-00116519 somebody else Focus On Healing other
oPD46Yo2vB0-00540-00116520-00116836 people uh but yeah it's it's manageable
oPD46Yo2vB0-00541-00116838-00116945 for sure and then obviously you have
oPD46Yo2vB0-00542-00116946-00117154 your teammates cooldowns which again uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00543-00117155-00117293 if they've cooled down to another close
oPD46Yo2vB0-00544-00117294-00117616 it down they should use their cooldowns
oPD46Yo2vB0-00545-00117617-00117749 um but yeah no we're doing really good
oPD46Yo2vB0-00546-00117750-00118025 right now this boss is at what 15 doing
oPD46Yo2vB0-00547-00118026-00118151 a ton of damage here we still have
oPD46Yo2vB0-00548-00118152-00118439 Revival we have life cocoon
oPD46Yo2vB0-00549-00118440-00118601 um we have two charges every new we
oPD46Yo2vB0-00550-00118602-00118847 missed and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00551-00118848-00119021 yeah no just gotta survive this Rumble
oPD46Yo2vB0-00552-00119022-00119195 we should be okay Essence font here is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00553-00119196-00119339 perfect
oPD46Yo2vB0-00554-00119340-00119536 healing
oPD46Yo2vB0-00555-00119538-00119704 charge smash here we go this is gonna
oPD46Yo2vB0-00556-00119705-00119915 hurt that great job getting everybody
oPD46Yo2vB0-00557-00119916-00120047 topped off before that charge smash
oPD46Yo2vB0-00558-00120048-00120215 because again if people don't recover
oPD46Yo2vB0-00559-00120216-00120358 from the rumble and then he does the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00560-00120359-00120533 charge smash people are gonna die so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00561-00120533-00120749 great job we have one more boss left 18
oPD46Yo2vB0-00562-00120750-00120989 trash we've already killed the mini boss
oPD46Yo2vB0-00563-00120990-00121223 so I think
oPD46Yo2vB0-00564-00121224-00121366 do we need to we don't need to go to the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00565-00121367-00121601 right here do we no you I think we just
oPD46Yo2vB0-00566-00121602-00121721 kill the trash right in front of the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00567-00121722-00121925 last boss we should be okay all right
oPD46Yo2vB0-00568-00121926-00122236 yeah so this is the this is the trash
oPD46Yo2vB0-00569-00122238-00122513 outside you pull from the side here and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00570-00122514-00122651 then you pull into the main pack and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00571-00122652-00122860 then you just yeah avoid the frontal the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00572-00122861-00123136 rapid fire from the mecca whatever it's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00573-00123138-00123263 called
oPD46Yo2vB0-00574-00123264-00123586 um the mecca thing and just Spin to Win
oPD46Yo2vB0-00575-00123588-00123952 I'm on Fort week it's it's pretty easy
oPD46Yo2vB0-00576-00123953-00124181 pulls um it is bursting so we got three
oPD46Yo2vB0-00577-00124182-00124313 stacks hopefully we kind of let those
oPD46Yo2vB0-00578-00124314-00124547 Stacks go perfect and we're doing really
oPD46Yo2vB0-00579-00124548-00124799 good this is falling order so we
oPD46Yo2vB0-00580-00124800-00124901 shouldn't have too much trouble with
oPD46Yo2vB0-00581-00124902-00125075 this pack
oPD46Yo2vB0-00582-00125076-00125243 and then we should have fallen order by
oPD46Yo2vB0-00583-00125244-00125375 the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00584-00125376-00125627 by the uh by the boss or when we need it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00585-00125628-00125993 for when he uh does a little transition
oPD46Yo2vB0-00586-00125994-00126299 um ten percent we're gonna get the one
oPD46Yo2vB0-00587-00126300-00126454 of the last I think the last infiltrator
oPD46Yo2vB0-00588-00126455-00126610 will pull in this dungeon and then we'll
oPD46Yo2vB0-00589-00126611-00126839 just keep spinning right here great job
oPD46Yo2vB0-00590-00126840-00127060 are we gonna pull this oh wow that's a
oPD46Yo2vB0-00591-00127061-00127210 big Pole
oPD46Yo2vB0-00592-00127211-00127421 this oh wow we're getting ballsy here
oPD46Yo2vB0-00593-00127422-00127547 second one these are the last
oPD46Yo2vB0-00594-00127548-00127745 infiltrators and we got we just want to
oPD46Yo2vB0-00595-00127746-00128123 avoid the frontal and uh I mean the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00596-00128124-00128351 cenarian Swarm thing I mean it's it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00597-00128352-00128477 sucks getting hit by it it's not
oPD46Yo2vB0-00598-00128478-00128657 mandatory but just don't stand a purple
oPD46Yo2vB0-00599-00128658-00128831 puddles and we should be okay this is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00600-00128832-00128981 chiji we're spinning to win thrower and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00601-00128982-00129190 development on somebody perfect the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00602-00129191-00129334 Warlock gets hit
oPD46Yo2vB0-00603-00129335-00129695 avoid perfect rapid fire incoming oh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00604-00129696-00129947 this might be a bubble that is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00605-00129948-00130373 a Bop from the Pally it seems like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00606-00130374-00130666 or lay on hands from the Pally
oPD46Yo2vB0-00607-00130667-00130913 uh which is good seed from the Warlock
oPD46Yo2vB0-00608-00130914-00131104 this also this is a pretty big pull but
oPD46Yo2vB0-00609-00131105-00131261 it was it I think you guys handled it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00610-00131262-00131477 pretty well oh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00611-00131478-00131704 I think we're slept yeah we're slept
oPD46Yo2vB0-00612-00131705-00131902 right now but we killed infiltrator so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00613-00131903-00132119 we should oh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00614-00132120-00132461 that damn fronto man yep sleep oh left
oPD46Yo2vB0-00615-00132462-00132809 that timing is incredible
oPD46Yo2vB0-00616-00132810-00133073 um yeah nothing we can do about it we're
oPD46Yo2vB0-00617-00133074-00133252 gonna kill this avoid that frontal for
oPD46Yo2vB0-00618-00133253-00133378 everybody and then
oPD46Yo2vB0-00619-00133379-00133714 yeah we'll get a rest in the Pali
oPD46Yo2vB0-00620-00133715-00133973 Redemption
oPD46Yo2vB0-00621-00133974-00134171 so now that's all the trash all we have
oPD46Yo2vB0-00622-00134172-00134411 left is the final boss
oPD46Yo2vB0-00623-00134412-00134764 oh are we trying to get bots now
oPD46Yo2vB0-00624-00134765-00134981 we have a minute to three chest it and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00625-00134982-00135143 what like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00626-00135144-00135514 five minutes to to uh to chest it oh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00627-00135515-00135809 dude okay nice nice all right we're
oPD46Yo2vB0-00628-00135810-00135983 looking good
oPD46Yo2vB0-00629-00135984-00136228 looking damn fine right now all right so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00630-00136229-00136313 we're just gonna try to look for
oPD46Yo2vB0-00631-00136314-00136433 shockbots
oPD46Yo2vB0-00632-00136434-00136552 oh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00633-00136553-00136666 oh we're also trying to get the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00634-00136667-00136847 infiltrator oh wow oh to get the bot
oPD46Yo2vB0-00635-00136848-00137597 okay oh wow Bots for days over here
oPD46Yo2vB0-00636-00137598-00137693 um
oPD46Yo2vB0-00637-00137694-00137902 tank says keep cooldowns for the boss
oPD46Yo2vB0-00638-00137903-00138047 yeah obviously right now you don't want
oPD46Yo2vB0-00639-00138048-00138239 to use any major cooldowns because you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00640-00138240-00138371 want your major cooldowns for the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00641-00138372-00138581 transition for the final boss because
oPD46Yo2vB0-00642-00138582-00138845 the final boss is like really easy
oPD46Yo2vB0-00643-00138846-00139169 uh you can basically it's like I haven't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00644-00139170-00139337 had a group that couldn't one phase it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00645-00139338-00139714 so you wanna you wanna one face the boss
oPD46Yo2vB0-00646-00139715-00139877 and we have seven minutes to two chest
oPD46Yo2vB0-00647-00139878-00140039 it so you guys
oPD46Yo2vB0-00648-00140040-00140225 even without the Demon Hunter should be
oPD46Yo2vB0-00649-00140226-00140351 okay
oPD46Yo2vB0-00650-00140352-00140573 two phase anyway oh so we're gonna try
oPD46Yo2vB0-00651-00140574-00140728 to face it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00652-00140729-00140909 oh maybe I mean I guess I guess on yeah
oPD46Yo2vB0-00653-00140910-00141190 tyrannical weeks uh kind of rough uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00654-00141191-00141359 this is fall and order here so we're
oPD46Yo2vB0-00655-00141360-00141533 just gonna try to put versatility on
oPD46Yo2vB0-00656-00141534-00141707 everybody and crank damage uh we're
oPD46Yo2vB0-00657-00141708-00141851 doing a pretty good job of doing damage
oPD46Yo2vB0-00658-00141852-00142019 right now what are we doing right now
oPD46Yo2vB0-00659-00142020-00142289 we're doing 6K DPS insane
oPD46Yo2vB0-00660-00142290-00142516 avoid so for this phase you want to kill
oPD46Yo2vB0-00661-00142517-00142757 this and you want to avoid the Bots you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00662-00142758-00142913 could wrap this if you wanted to Great
oPD46Yo2vB0-00663-00142914-00143081 binding shot from the hunter you could
oPD46Yo2vB0-00664-00143082-00143297 Rob this
oPD46Yo2vB0-00665-00143298-00143489 uh this bot
oPD46Yo2vB0-00666-00143490-00143728 they are affected by it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00667-00143729-00144083 um great job from your team avoiding it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00668-00144084-00144490 and yeah this thing has a lot of Health
oPD46Yo2vB0-00669-00144491-00144647 holy cow
oPD46Yo2vB0-00670-00144648-00144899 and then you want to avoid the um these
oPD46Yo2vB0-00671-00144900-00145145 circles on the ground obviously they uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00672-00145146-00145349 they will one shot you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00673-00145350-00145643 yeah here come the Bots again
oPD46Yo2vB0-00674-00145644-00145823 I don't know if we have Rob
oPD46Yo2vB0-00675-00145824-00145997 or not
oPD46Yo2vB0-00676-00145998-00146428 but uh might help in this situation
oPD46Yo2vB0-00677-00146429-00146621 Hunter's kind of taking it avoiding
oPD46Yo2vB0-00678-00146622-00146807 perfect life yourself in a way
oPD46Yo2vB0-00679-00146808-00147040 great job avoiding those Bots oh my God
oPD46Yo2vB0-00680-00147041-00147347 Hunter even has a debuff all right so we
oPD46Yo2vB0-00681-00147348-00147490 killed it which means one of these two
oPD46Yo2vB0-00682-00147491-00147677 platforms is going to open up what you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00683-00147678-00147802 need to do is you need to get to the end
oPD46Yo2vB0-00684-00147803-00148151 and like drain the energy I think so I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00685-00148152-00148307 think you're draining it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00686-00148308-00148601 oh wow oh look at that Gateway look at
oPD46Yo2vB0-00687-00148602-00148919 that Gateway oh my God
oPD46Yo2vB0-00688-00148920-00149195 click it perfect great everyone's there
oPD46Yo2vB0-00689-00149196-00149423 you're draining it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00690-00149424-00149597 and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00691-00149598-00149837 oh I forgot your doubt you're down a
oPD46Yo2vB0-00692-00149838-00150004 player so yeah you probably will two
oPD46Yo2vB0-00693-00150005-00151151 phase it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00694-00151152-00151697 all right I think it's gonna get drained
oPD46Yo2vB0-00695-00151698-00152099 I think we're trying to min max it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00696-00152100-00152411 there we go so now that we drained it uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00697-00152412-00152602 we want to probably hero we don't even
oPD46Yo2vB0-00698-00152603-00152776 have hero for two minutes that's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00699-00152777-00152890 unfortunate yeah this is probably gonna
oPD46Yo2vB0-00700-00152891-00153040 be a two phase
oPD46Yo2vB0-00701-00153041-00153281 but that's okay uh you're down a player
oPD46Yo2vB0-00702-00153282-00153389 I completely forgot you guys were down
oPD46Yo2vB0-00703-00153390-00153514 to play here
oPD46Yo2vB0-00704-00153515-00153743 uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00705-00153744-00153916 it's close
oPD46Yo2vB0-00706-00153917-00154133 if you guys had hero you guys probably
oPD46Yo2vB0-00707-00154134-00154366 could kill it but
oPD46Yo2vB0-00708-00154367-00154619 oh my God
oPD46Yo2vB0-00709-00154620-00154835 30 all right so you just need to live
oPD46Yo2vB0-00710-00154836-00155026 this next go and you should be Mexico
oPD46Yo2vB0-00711-00155027-00155254 like a PVP you just need to avoid this
oPD46Yo2vB0-00712-00155255-00155326 next
oPD46Yo2vB0-00713-00155327-00155573 um phase and then you should be just
oPD46Yo2vB0-00714-00155574-00155699 gotta live
oPD46Yo2vB0-00715-00155700-00155987 just live and you guys take it you guys
oPD46Yo2vB0-00716-00155988-00156095 will be fine
oPD46Yo2vB0-00717-00156096-00156449 uh 21 is uh really really good
oPD46Yo2vB0-00718-00156450-00156725 especially without a GPS
oPD46Yo2vB0-00719-00156726-00156887 so it's just the same thing over and
oPD46Yo2vB0-00720-00156888-00157037 over again you want to kill this nice
oPD46Yo2vB0-00721-00157038-00157169 drop
oPD46Yo2vB0-00722-00157170-00157613 perfect
oPD46Yo2vB0-00723-00157614-00157804 you want to kill this and then you want
oPD46Yo2vB0-00724-00157805-00158075 to deplete the energy and then you guys
oPD46Yo2vB0-00725-00158076-00158254 kill it it looks like this is falling
oPD46Yo2vB0-00726-00158255-00158507 order again uh we're avoiding the Bots
oPD46Yo2vB0-00727-00158508-00158759 perfect
oPD46Yo2vB0-00728-00158760-00159071 avoid the sky thing the uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00729-00159072-00159935 swirls
oPD46Yo2vB0-00730-00159936-00160157 no doing good doing a lot of the shot
oPD46Yo2vB0-00731-00160158-00160319 they're the shockbots again or the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00732-00160320-00160475 shockbots the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00733-00160476-00160619 the I don't even know what to call them
oPD46Yo2vB0-00734-00160620-00160799 what are they called Bots
oPD46Yo2vB0-00735-00160800-00160985 avoiding perfect
oPD46Yo2vB0-00736-00160986-00161135 we have Tigers lost if someone is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00737-00161136-00161333 struggling but I don't think anyone's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00738-00161334-00161471 struggling
oPD46Yo2vB0-00739-00161472-00161590 I mean everyone's doing a really good
oPD46Yo2vB0-00740-00161591-00161687 job
oPD46Yo2vB0-00741-00161688-00161837 and now we just need to avoid and I just
oPD46Yo2vB0-00742-00161838-00161963 need to live
oPD46Yo2vB0-00743-00161964-00162107 debuff there so we're gonna take some
oPD46Yo2vB0-00744-00162108-00162389 damage heal through it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00745-00162390-00162545 a track that's gonna be a little bit of
oPD46Yo2vB0-00746-00162546-00162778 tank damage so just put some Hots maybe
oPD46Yo2vB0-00747-00162779-00162916 an envelopments on the tank could even
oPD46Yo2vB0-00748-00162917-00163121 life getting three stacks is rough nice
oPD46Yo2vB0-00749-00163122-00163271 life cocoon perfect
oPD46Yo2vB0-00750-00163272-00163525 glad you listen to me
oPD46Yo2vB0-00751-00163526-00163811 and uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00752-00163812-00164051 no yeah no this is this is good man it's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00753-00164052-00164195 a little tight but I think man is done
oPD46Yo2vB0-00754-00164196-00164302 now it doesn't even matter you could
oPD46Yo2vB0-00755-00164303-00164514 actually uh dwarf Shadows yeah perfect
oPD46Yo2vB0-00756-00164515-00164728 dwarf Shadows to avoid this first
oPD46Yo2vB0-00757-00164729-00164945 platform and then
oPD46Yo2vB0-00758-00164946-00165113 you could just kind of run up like just
oPD46Yo2vB0-00759-00165114-00165328 afford the Bots oh or Gateway even
oPD46Yo2vB0-00760-00165329-00165485 better you know
oPD46Yo2vB0-00761-00165486-00165713 no biggie
oPD46Yo2vB0-00762-00165714-00165989 perfect deplete
oPD46Yo2vB0-00763-00165990-00166133 nice
oPD46Yo2vB0-00764-00166134-00166331 we have Revival because this says you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00765-00166332-00166493 are taking away damage during this phase
oPD46Yo2vB0-00766-00166494-00167183 so we do have Revival if we need to
oPD46Yo2vB0-00767-00167184-00167707 awesome
oPD46Yo2vB0-00768-00167708-00167987 tank avoiding that oh got hit by it uh
oPD46Yo2vB0-00769-00167988-00168239 we unless we did on purpose
oPD46Yo2vB0-00770-00168240-00168431 I think we did all right here we go this
oPD46Yo2vB0-00771-00168432-00168647 is it we have bloodlust
oPD46Yo2vB0-00772-00168648-00168814 I don't think we need it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00773-00168815-00169313 but we got it 35k hell yeah 14k
oPD46Yo2vB0-00774-00169314-00169649 another one oh my God nice job
oPD46Yo2vB0-00775-00169650-00169919 I hope this Demon Hunter didn't get loot
oPD46Yo2vB0-00776-00169920-00170147 24 congratulations plus zero you're
oPD46Yo2vB0-00777-00170148-00170278 insane
oPD46Yo2vB0-00778-00170279-00170513 no I mean why you know why would you get
oPD46Yo2vB0-00779-00170514-00170837 loot you know what I mean
oPD46Yo2vB0-00780-00170838-00171011 really good work worth the end one nice
oPD46Yo2vB0-00781-00171012-00171233 we got a ring ring on the Warlock
oPD46Yo2vB0-00782-00171234-00171413 and I guarantee the Demon Hunter got
oPD46Yo2vB0-00783-00171414-00171623 loot
oPD46Yo2vB0-00784-00171624-00171833 so
oPD46Yo2vB0-00785-00171834-00171976 yeah
oPD46Yo2vB0-00786-00171977-00172204 oh you got Kara upper yeah good luck
oPD46Yo2vB0-00787-00172205-00172378 well that
oPD46Yo2vB0-00788-00172379-00172625 was a really good dungeon Emma uh not
oPD46Yo2vB0-00789-00172626-00172840 many critiques obviously you've done
oPD46Yo2vB0-00790-00172841-00172990 like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00791-00172991-00173261 you're insane at Mythic plus so I'm not
oPD46Yo2vB0-00792-00173262-00173387 surprised I didn't make many mistakes
oPD46Yo2vB0-00793-00173388-00173513 you knew I obviously you know every
oPD46Yo2vB0-00794-00173514-00173740 mechanic I ate sometimes there were two
oPD46Yo2vB0-00795-00173741-00173866 stacks for doing this that's all that's
oPD46Yo2vB0-00796-00173867-00174023 my only critique I don't have much for
oPD46Yo2vB0-00797-00174024-00174233 you you did a really good job um well
oPD46Yo2vB0-00798-00174234-00174395 done I'm glad you timed it without the
oPD46Yo2vB0-00799-00174396-00174533 Demon Hunter
oPD46Yo2vB0-00800-00174534-00174737 I did guess the hunter but I I knew it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00801-00174738-00174857 was a Demon Hunter as soon as he started
oPD46Yo2vB0-00802-00174858-00175169 film mechanics and uh yeah if you have
oPD46Yo2vB0-00803-00175170-00175354 any more Mythic plus feel free I mean
oPD46Yo2vB0-00804-00175355-00175535 feel free to send in I actually like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00805-00175536-00175673 doing but they plus I like watching it
oPD46Yo2vB0-00806-00175674-00175925 too so yeah as always if you have any
oPD46Yo2vB0-00807-00175926-00176014 questions let me know hopefully this is
oPD46Yo2vB0-00808-00176015-00176213 helpful for anybody who maybe isn't
oPD46Yo2vB0-00809-00176214-00176416 insane at the Plus or maybe trying to
oPD46Yo2vB0-00810-00176417-00176525 learn trying to get into it trying to
oPD46Yo2vB0-00811-00176526-00176663 learn you know see what's what it's like
oPD46Yo2vB0-00812-00176664-00176807 to be a high rated misweaver in Mythic
oPD46Yo2vB0-00813-00176808-00177028 plus this is it so yeah that's pretty
oPD46Yo2vB0-00814-00177029-00177143 much it for me if you have any questions
oPD46Yo2vB0-00815-00177144-00177304 at all of course please let me know I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00816-00177305-00177443 won't have to answer any questions I
oPD46Yo2vB0-00817-00177444-00177611 have and that's it for me hope everyone
oPD46Yo2vB0-00818-00177612-00177749 has some fantastic yesterday hope you
oPD46Yo2vB0-00819-00177750-00177996 enjoyed the video I'll see you later
oPD46Yo2vB0-00820-00177997-00178325 [Music]
oPD46Yo2vB0-00821-00178326-00178427 foreign
oPD46Yo2vB0-00822-00178428-00179328 [Music]
oPD46Yo2vB0-00823-00179329-00179971 [Music]
oQeNe24VZKE-00000-00000000-00001842 tonight
oQeNe24VZKE-00001-00001843-00004031 [Music]
oQeNe24VZKE-00002-00004032-00006050 foreign
oQeNe24VZKE-00003-00006051-00007625 [Applause]
oQeNe24VZKE-00005-00010872-00010986 foreign
oQeNe24VZKE-00007-00015110-00015661 [Music]
oQeNe24VZKE-00008-00015662-00016016 subscribe now
oV2YB9xRYPY-00000-00000059-00000297 the Haskalah often termed Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00001-00000298-00000553 enlightenment Hebrew splitch literally
oV2YB9xRYPY-00002-00000554-00000817 wisdom erudition
oV2YB9xRYPY-00003-00000818-00001078 was an intellectual movement among the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00004-00001079-00001291 Jews of Central and Eastern Europe with
oV2YB9xRYPY-00005-00001292-00001498 certain influence on those in Western
oV2YB9xRYPY-00006-00001499-00001795 Europe and the Muslim world it arose as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00007-00001796-00002034 a defined ideological worldview during
oV2YB9xRYPY-00008-00002035-00002329 the 1770s and its last stage ended
oV2YB9xRYPY-00009-00002330-00002587 around 1881 with the rise of Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00010-00002588-00002929 nationalism the Haskalah pursued two
oV2YB9xRYPY-00011-00002930-00003189 complementary aims it sought to preserve
oV2YB9xRYPY-00012-00003190-00003439 the Jews as a separate unique collective
oV2YB9xRYPY-00013-00003440-00003597 and worked for a cultural and moral
oV2YB9xRYPY-00014-00003599-00003847 renewal especially a revival of Hebrew
oV2YB9xRYPY-00015-00003847-00004072 for secular purposes pioneering the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00016-00004072-00004237 modern press and literature in the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00017-00004238-00004561 language concurrently it strove for an
oV2YB9xRYPY-00018-00004562-00004747 optimal integration of the Jews in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00019-00004748-00004963 surrounding societies including the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00020-00004964-00005182 study of native vernacular and adoption
oV2YB9xRYPY-00021-00005183-00005404 of modern values culture and appearance
oV2YB9xRYPY-00022-00005405-00005623 all combined with economic productive
oV2YB9xRYPY-00023-00005624-00005896 ization the Haskalah promoted
oV2YB9xRYPY-00024-00005897-00006133 rationalism liberalism freedom of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00025-00006134-00006325 thought and inquiry and is largely
oV2YB9xRYPY-00026-00006326-00006525 perceived as the Jewish variant of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00027-00006526-00006731 general age of enlightenment the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00028-00006732-00006970 movement encompassed a wide spectrum
oV2YB9xRYPY-00029-00006970-00007198 ranging from moderates who hoped for
oV2YB9xRYPY-00030-00007198-00007431 maximal compromise and conservatism to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00031-00007432-00007716 radicals who sought sweeping changes in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00032-00007717-00007987 its various changes the Haskalah
oV2YB9xRYPY-00033-00007988-00008199 fulfilled an important though limited
oV2YB9xRYPY-00034-00008200-00008455 part in the modernization of Central and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00035-00008456-00008802 Eastern European Jews its activists the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00036-00008803-00009006 masculine exhorted and implemented
oV2YB9xRYPY-00037-00009007-00009220 communal educational and cultural
oV2YB9xRYPY-00038-00009221-00009396 reforms in both the public and the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00039-00009397-00009501 private spheres
oV2YB9xRYPY-00040-00009502-00009789 owing to its dualistic policies it
oV2YB9xRYPY-00041-00009790-00009981 collided both with the traditionalist
oV2YB9xRYPY-00042-00009982-00010159 rabbinic elite which attempted to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00043-00010160-00010387 preserve old Jewish values and norms in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00044-00010388-00010580 their entirety and with the radical
oV2YB9xRYPY-00045-00010581-00010755 assimilationists who wish to eliminate
oV2YB9xRYPY-00046-00010756-00011013 or minimize the existence of the Jews as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00047-00011014-00011652 a defined collective
oV2YB9xRYPY-00048-00011653-00012584 topic definitions
oV2YB9xRYPY-00049-00012585-00013162 topic literary circle
oV2YB9xRYPY-00050-00013163-00013393 the Haskalah was a multi-faceted
oV2YB9xRYPY-00051-00013394-00013651 phenomenon with many loci which rose and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00052-00013652-00013837 dwindled at different times and across
oV2YB9xRYPY-00053-00013838-00013972 vast territories
oV2YB9xRYPY-00054-00013972-00014251 the very name Haskalah only became a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00055-00014252-00014557 standard self appellation in 1860 when
oV2YB9xRYPY-00056-00014558-00014746 it was taken as the motto of the odessa
oV2YB9xRYPY-00057-00014747-00014977 based newspaper homilies though
oV2YB9xRYPY-00058-00014978-00015190 derivatives and the title Maskull for
oV2YB9xRYPY-00059-00015191-00015406 activists were already common beforehand
oV2YB9xRYPY-00060-00015407-00015634 in the first edition of harm ISA from
oV2YB9xRYPY-00061-00015635-00015958 the 1st of October 1783 its publishers
oV2YB9xRYPY-00062-00015959-00016249 described themselves as masculine while
oV2YB9xRYPY-00063-00016250-00016486 masculine centers sometimes had loose
oV2YB9xRYPY-00064-00016487-00016696 institutions around which their members
oV2YB9xRYPY-00065-00016697-00016915 operated the movement as a whole lacked
oV2YB9xRYPY-00066-00016916-00017314 any such in spite of this diversity the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00067-00017315-00017488 masculine shared a sense of common
oV2YB9xRYPY-00068-00017489-00017710 identity and self-consciousness
oV2YB9xRYPY-00069-00017711-00017965 these were anchored in the existence of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00070-00017966-00018196 a shared literary canon which began to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00071-00018197-00018403 be formulated in the very first mass
oV2YB9xRYPY-00072-00018404-00018739 college locus at berlin its members like
oV2YB9xRYPY-00073-00018740-00019030 Moses Mendelssohn Hartwig Wesley Isaac
oV2YB9xRYPY-00074-00019031-00019282 SATA now and Isaac yukl authored tracts
oV2YB9xRYPY-00075-00019283-00019450 in various genres that were further
oV2YB9xRYPY-00076-00019451-00019645 disseminated and reread among other
oV2YB9xRYPY-00077-00019646-00019954 masculine each generation in turn
oV2YB9xRYPY-00078-00019955-00020185 elaborated and added its own works to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00079-00020186-00020464 the growing body the emergence of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00080-00020465-00020698 masculine Canon reflected the movements
oV2YB9xRYPY-00081-00020699-00020902 central and defining Enterprise the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00082-00020903-00021097 revival of Hebrew is a literary language
oV2YB9xRYPY-00083-00021098-00021379 for secular purposes its restoration as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00084-00021380-00021585 a spoken tongue occurred only much later
oV2YB9xRYPY-00085-00021586-00021817 the masculine researched and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00086-00021818-00022039 standardised grammar minted countless
oV2YB9xRYPY-00087-00022040-00022336 neologisms and composed poetry magazines
oV2YB9xRYPY-00088-00022337-00022570 theatrical works and literature of all
oV2YB9xRYPY-00089-00022571-00022915 sorts in Hebrew historians described the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00090-00022916-00023098 movement largely as a republic of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00091-00023099-00023332 letters an intellectual community based
oV2YB9xRYPY-00092-00023333-00023575 on printing houses and reading societies
oV2YB9xRYPY-00093-00023576-00023821 the mass columns attitude toward Hebrew
oV2YB9xRYPY-00094-00023822-00024085 as noted by Moses Pelle was derived from
oV2YB9xRYPY-00095-00024086-00024310 enlightenment perceptions of language as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00096-00024311-00024472 reflecting both individual and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00097-00024473-00024766 collective character to them a corrupt
oV2YB9xRYPY-00098-00024767-00024961 tongue mirrored the inadequate condition
oV2YB9xRYPY-00099-00024962-00025087 of the Jews which they sought to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00100-00025088-00025402 ameliorate they turned to Hebrew as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00101-00025403-00025639 their primary creative medium the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00102-00025639-00025819 masculine inherited the medieval
oV2YB9xRYPY-00103-00025820-00026046 grammarians such as Jonah rib Anjana and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00104-00026047-00026289 Judah Ben David Haye urged distaste of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00105-00026291-00026470 mich Mich hebrew and preference of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00106-00026470-00026542 biblical
oV2YB9xRYPY-00107-00026543-00026833 as pristine and correct they turned to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00108-00026833-00027015 the Bible is a source and standard
oV2YB9xRYPY-00109-00027016-00027237 emphatically advocating what they termed
oV2YB9xRYPY-00110-00027238-00027618 pure Hebrew tongue Fatah verse Archer
oV2YB9xRYPY-00111-00027619-00027817 and lambaste in the rabbinic style of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00112-00027818-00028020 letters which mixed it with Aramaic as a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00113-00028022-00028348 single Holy tongue and often employed
oV2YB9xRYPY-00114-00028349-00028624 lone words from other languages some
oV2YB9xRYPY-00115-00028625-00028821 activists though were not averse to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00116-00028822-00029127 using mish niche and rabbinic forms they
oV2YB9xRYPY-00117-00029128-00029374 also preferred the safari pronunciation
oV2YB9xRYPY-00118-00029375-00029571 considered more prestigious to the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00119-00029572-00029790 Ashkenazi one linked with the Jews of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00120-00029791-00030045 Poland who were deemed backward the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00121-00030047-00030280 movements literary canon is defined by a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00122-00030281-00030535 grandiloquent archaic register copying
oV2YB9xRYPY-00123-00030536-00030718 the biblical one and often combining
oV2YB9xRYPY-00124-00030719-00030952 lengthy allusions or direct quotes from
oV2YB9xRYPY-00125-00030952-00031192 verses in the prose during a century of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00126-00031193-00031402 activity the masculine produced a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00127-00031402-00031612 massive contribution forming the first
oV2YB9xRYPY-00128-00031613-00031914 phase of modern Hebrew literature in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00129-00031914-00032233 1755 Moses Mendelssohn began publishing
oV2YB9xRYPY-00130-00032233-00032611 co la Musa the moralist regarded as the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00131-00032612-00032808 beginning of modern writing in Hebrew
oV2YB9xRYPY-00132-00032809-00032964 and the very first journal in the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00133-00032965-00033333 language between 1789 and his death
oV2YB9xRYPY-00134-00033334-00033598 Hartwig Wesley compiled surety for a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00135-00033599-00033955 poems of glory an eighteen part epic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00136-00033956-00034192 cycle concerning Moses which exerted
oV2YB9xRYPY-00137-00034193-00034437 influence on all neo Hebraic poets in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00138-00034438-00034746 the following generations joseph hara
oV2YB9xRYPY-00139-00034747-00034971 fra teatro poet's was the Haskalah x'
oV2YB9xRYPY-00140-00034972-00035217 pioneering playwright best known for his
oV2YB9xRYPY-00141-00035218-00035577 1794 epic drama mela cat shall reign of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00142-00035578-00035893 saul which was printed in 12 editions by
oV2YB9xRYPY-00143-00035894-00036268 1888 Judah Loew Ben ZF was the first
oV2YB9xRYPY-00144-00036269-00036487 modern Hebrew grammarian and beginning
oV2YB9xRYPY-00145-00036488-00036796 with his 1796 manual of the language he
oV2YB9xRYPY-00146-00036797-00036982 authored books which explored it and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00147-00036983-00037168 were vital reading material for young
oV2YB9xRYPY-00148-00037169-00037371 masculine until the end of the 19th
oV2YB9xRYPY-00149-00037372-00037464 century
oV2YB9xRYPY-00150-00037465-00037708 Solomon Larsson was the first to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00151-00037709-00037945 translate Shakespeare into Hebrew and an
oV2YB9xRYPY-00152-00037946-00038158 abridged form of thee are at this hour
oV2YB9xRYPY-00153-00038159-00038449 asleep monologue in Henry the fourth
oV2YB9xRYPY-00154-00038450-00038796 part ii was included in his 1816 lyrical
oV2YB9xRYPY-00155-00038797-00038977 compilation millet Satya Shirin
oV2YB9xRYPY-00156-00038978-00039295 eloquence of Jeshurun Joseph pearl
oV2YB9xRYPY-00157-00039296-00039520 pioneered satirist writings in his
oV2YB9xRYPY-00158-00039521-00039745 biting mocking critique of Hassidim
oV2YB9xRYPY-00159-00039746-00039912 Megillah a-team Aaron Revere
oV2YB9xRYPY-00160-00039913-00040314 of Secrets from 1819 Adam Hakone was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00161-00040315-00040536 primarily a leading matricis with his
oV2YB9xRYPY-00162-00040537-00040887 1842 Shiraz fat ha kodesh verses in the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00163-00040888-00041086 Holy tongue considered a milestone in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00164-00041087-00041346 Hebrew poetry and also authored biblical
oV2YB9xRYPY-00165-00041347-00041642 exegesis and educational handbooks
oV2YB9xRYPY-00166-00041643-00041854 Abraham mop who authored the first
oV2YB9xRYPY-00167-00041855-00042142 Hebraic full-length novel ahavat Zion
oV2YB9xRYPY-00168-00042143-00042442 love of Zion which was published in 1853
oV2YB9xRYPY-00169-00042443-00042829 after 23 years of work Judah Lee Gordon
oV2YB9xRYPY-00170-00042830-00043011 was the most eminent poet of his
oV2YB9xRYPY-00171-00043012-00043210 generation and arguably of the Haskalah
oV2YB9xRYPY-00172-00043211-00043593 in its entirety his most famous work was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00173-00043594-00043933 the 1876 epic cazzo shel iord tittle of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00174-00043934-00044271 a jot Mendeley mochas forum was during
oV2YB9xRYPY-00175-00044272-00044508 his youth emasculate writer but from his
oV2YB9xRYPY-00176-00044509-00044811 1886 be Sethuraman hidden in Thunder
oV2YB9xRYPY-00177-00044812-00045018 abandoned its strict conventions in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00178-00045019-00045276 favor of a mixed facile and common style
oV2YB9xRYPY-00179-00045277-00045517 his career marked the end of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00180-00045518-00045760 masculine period in Hebrew literature in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00181-00045761-00045960 the beginning of the era of Renaissance
oV2YB9xRYPY-00182-00045961-00046186 the writers of the latter period
oV2YB9xRYPY-00183-00046187-00046443 lambasted their masculine predecessors
oV2YB9xRYPY-00184-00046444-00046671 for their didactic and florid style more
oV2YB9xRYPY-00185-00046672-00046855 or less paralleling the romantics
oV2YB9xRYPY-00186-00046856-00047082 criticism of enlightenment literature
oV2YB9xRYPY-00187-00047083-00047343 the central platforms of the mass
oV2YB9xRYPY-00188-00047344-00047664 college Republic of Letters were it's
oV2YB9xRYPY-00189-00047665-00047901 great periodicals each serving as a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00190-00047902-00048102 locus for contributors and readers
oV2YB9xRYPY-00191-00048103-00048379 during the time it was published the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00192-00048380-00048580 first was the clerics Berg and later
oV2YB9xRYPY-00193-00048581-00048870 berlin-based Thomas F launched by Isaac
oV2YB9xRYPY-00194-00048871-00049161 yukl in 1783 and printed with growing
oV2YB9xRYPY-00195-00049162-00049561 intervals until 1797 the magazine had
oV2YB9xRYPY-00196-00049562-00049942 several dozen writers in 272 subscribers
oV2YB9xRYPY-00197-00049943-00050170 at its zenith from Shilov in the east to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00198-00050171-00050346 London in the West making it the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00199-00050347-00050535 sounding board of the Berlin Haskalah
oV2YB9xRYPY-00200-00050536-00050826 the movement lacked an equivalent until
oV2YB9xRYPY-00201-00050827-00051030 the appearance of bicker Ihara them in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00202-00051031-00051402 Vienna between 1820 until 1831 serving
oV2YB9xRYPY-00203-00051403-00051594 the Moravian and Galician Haskalah
oV2YB9xRYPY-00204-00051595-00051886 that function was later fulfilled by the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00205-00051887-00052163 Prague based kerim Hamid from 1834 to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00206-00052164-00052498 1857 and to a lesser degree by coq au
oV2YB9xRYPY-00207-00052499-00052818 Zak published in the same city from 1845
oV2YB9xRYPY-00208-00052819-00053215 to 1870 the Russian Haskalah was robust
oV2YB9xRYPY-00209-00053216-00053290 enough to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00210-00053291-00053536 any single platform its members
oV2YB9xRYPY-00211-00053537-00053734 published several large magazines
oV2YB9xRYPY-00212-00053735-00053991 including the Vilnius based ha camel
oV2YB9xRYPY-00213-00053991-00054391 1862 1880 ha Saphira in Warsaw and more
oV2YB9xRYPY-00214-00054391-00054595 though the probably most influential of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00215-00054596-00054721 em all was harm elet's
oV2YB9xRYPY-00216-00054722-00054958 launched in 1860 at odessa by
oV2YB9xRYPY-00217-00054959-00055594 Alexander's Adair bomb
oV2YB9xRYPY-00218-00055595-00056190 topic reforming movement
oV2YB9xRYPY-00219-00056191-00056433 while the partisans of the Haskalah were
oV2YB9xRYPY-00220-00056434-00056640 much immersed in the study of Sciences
oV2YB9xRYPY-00221-00056641-00056816 in Hebrew grammar this was not a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00222-00056817-00057017 profoundly new phenomenon and their
oV2YB9xRYPY-00223-00057019-00057246 creativity was a continuation of a long
oV2YB9xRYPY-00224-00057247-00057527 centuries old trend among educated Jews
oV2YB9xRYPY-00225-00057528-00057804 what truly marked the movement was the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00226-00057804-00057980 Challenger laid to the monopoly of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00227-00057982-00058209 rabbinic elite / the intellectual sphere
oV2YB9xRYPY-00228-00058210-00058437 of Jewish life contesting its role as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00229-00058438-00058761 spiritual leadership in his 1782
oV2YB9xRYPY-00230-00058762-00059037 circular devrait Shalom famous words of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00231-00059038-00059259 peace and truth Hartwig Wesley
oV2YB9xRYPY-00232-00059260-00059441 one of the most traditional and moderate
oV2YB9xRYPY-00233-00059442-00059613 masculine quoted the passage from
oV2YB9xRYPY-00234-00059614-00059739 Leviticus raba
oV2YB9xRYPY-00235-00059740-00059930 stating that a Torah scholar who lacked
oV2YB9xRYPY-00236-00059932-00060116 wisdom was inferior to an animal's
oV2YB9xRYPY-00237-00060117-00060411 carcass he called upon the Jews to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00238-00060412-00060617 introduce general subjects like science
oV2YB9xRYPY-00239-00060619-00060854 and vernacular language into their
oV2YB9xRYPY-00240-00060855-00061128 children's curriculum this teaching of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00241-00061129-00061401 man was necessarily linked with the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00242-00061402-00061754 teaching Torah of God and the latter
oV2YB9xRYPY-00243-00061755-00062013 though superior could not be pursued and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00244-00062014-00062349 was useless without the former historian
oV2YB9xRYPY-00245-00062350-00062550 Shmuel Feiner discerned that Wesley
oV2YB9xRYPY-00246-00062551-00062820 insinuated consciously or not a direct
oV2YB9xRYPY-00247-00062821-00063029 challenge to the supremacy of sacred
oV2YB9xRYPY-00248-00063030-00063228 teachings comparing him with general
oV2YB9xRYPY-00249-00063229-00063447 subjects and implying the latter had an
oV2YB9xRYPY-00250-00063448-00063579 intrinsic rather than merely
oV2YB9xRYPY-00251-00063579-00063873 instrumental value he therefore also
oV2YB9xRYPY-00252-00063874-00064053 contested the authority of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00253-00064054-00064266 rabbinical establishment which stemmed
oV2YB9xRYPY-00254-00064266-00064461 from its function as interpreters of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00255-00064462-00064662 holy teachings and the status as the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00256-00064663-00064967 only truly worthy field of study those
oV2YB9xRYPY-00257-00064969-00065184 secular subjects could and were easily
oV2YB9xRYPY-00258-00065185-00065400 tolerated their elevation to the same
oV2YB9xRYPY-00259-00065401-00065616 level as sacred ones was a severe threat
oV2YB9xRYPY-00260-00065617-00065871 and indeed mobilized the rabbis against
oV2YB9xRYPY-00261-00065872-00066144 the nasan Haskalah the potential of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00262-00066145-00066474 words of peace and truth was fully
oV2YB9xRYPY-00263-00066475-00066714 realized later by the second generation
oV2YB9xRYPY-00264-00066715-00066909 of the movement in Berlin and other
oV2YB9xRYPY-00265-00066910-00067089 radical masculine who openly
oV2YB9xRYPY-00266-00067090-00067233 environmentally denounced the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00267-00067234-00067524 traditional authorities the appropriate
oV2YB9xRYPY-00268-00067525-00067737 intellectual and moral leadership needed
oV2YB9xRYPY-00269-00067738-00067974 by the Jewish public in modern times was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00270-00067975-00068172 according to the masculine that of their
oV2YB9xRYPY-00271-00068173-00068217 own
oV2YB9xRYPY-00272-00068218-00068490 fëanor noted that in their user patient
oV2YB9xRYPY-00273-00068491-00068654 of the title of spiritual elite
oV2YB9xRYPY-00274-00068655-00068886 unprecedented in Jewish history since
oV2YB9xRYPY-00275-00068887-00069117 the dawn of rabbinic Judaism various
oV2YB9xRYPY-00276-00069118-00069315 contestants before the enlightened were
oV2YB9xRYPY-00277-00069316-00069513 branded as schismatics and cast out
oV2YB9xRYPY-00278-00069514-00069573 they've
oV2YB9xRYPY-00279-00069574-00069738 very much emulated the manner in which
oV2YB9xRYPY-00280-00069739-00069969 secular intellectuals dethroned and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00281-00069970-00070173 replaced the church from the same status
oV2YB9xRYPY-00282-00070174-00070293 among Christians
oV2YB9xRYPY-00283-00070294-00070572 thus the masculine generated an upheaval
oV2YB9xRYPY-00284-00070573-00070815 which though by no means alone broke the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00285-00070816-00070983 sway held by the rabbis and the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00286-00070984-00071249 traditional values over Jewish society
oV2YB9xRYPY-00287-00071250-00071520 combined with many other factors they
oV2YB9xRYPY-00288-00071521-00071706 laid the path to all modern Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00289-00071707-00071916 movements and philosophies either those
oV2YB9xRYPY-00290-00071917-00072147 critical hostile or supportive to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00291-00072148-00072345 themselves the masculine sought to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00292-00072346-00072546 replace the framework of values held by
oV2YB9xRYPY-00293-00072547-00072741 the Ashkenazim of Central and Eastern
oV2YB9xRYPY-00294-00072742-00072972 Europe with their own philosophy which
oV2YB9xRYPY-00295-00072973-00073152 embrace the liberal rationalistic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00296-00073153-00073413 notions of the 18th and 19th centuries
oV2YB9xRYPY-00297-00073414-00073622 and custom in their own particular mould
oV2YB9xRYPY-00298-00073623-00073881 this intellectual upheaval was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00299-00073882-00074082 accompanied by the desire to practically
oV2YB9xRYPY-00300-00074083-00074412 change Jewish society even the moderate
oV2YB9xRYPY-00301-00074413-00074613 masculine viewed the contemporary state
oV2YB9xRYPY-00302-00074614-00074826 of Jews as deplorable and in dire need
oV2YB9xRYPY-00303-00074827-00075045 of rejuvenation whether in matters of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00304-00075046-00075330 morals cultural creativity or economic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00305-00075331-00075612 productivity they argued that such
oV2YB9xRYPY-00306-00075613-00075807 conditions were rightfully scorned by
oV2YB9xRYPY-00307-00075808-00076026 others and untenable from both practical
oV2YB9xRYPY-00308-00076027-00076344 and idealistic perspectives it was to be
oV2YB9xRYPY-00309-00076345-00076533 remedied by the shedding of the base and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00310-00076534-00076761 corrupt elements of Jewish existence and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00311-00076762-00076989 retention of only the true positive ones
oV2YB9xRYPY-00312-00076990-00077205 indeed the question what those were
oV2YB9xRYPY-00313-00077206-00077445 exactly loomed as the greatest challenge
oV2YB9xRYPY-00314-00077446-00077760 of Jewish modernity the more extreme an
oV2YB9xRYPY-00315-00077761-00077973 ideologically bent came close to the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00316-00077974-00078207 Universalist aspirations of the radical
oV2YB9xRYPY-00317-00078208-00078402 enlightenment of a world freed of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00318-00078403-00078597 superstition and backwardness in which
oV2YB9xRYPY-00319-00078598-00078792 all humans will come together under the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00320-00078793-00078972 liberating influence of Reason and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00321-00078973-00079311 progress the reconstituted Jews these
oV2YB9xRYPY-00322-00079312-00079524 radical masculine believed would be able
oV2YB9xRYPY-00323-00079525-00079707 to take the place as equals in an
oV2YB9xRYPY-00324-00079708-00080007 enlightened world but all including the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00325-00080008-00080154 moderate and disillusioned
oV2YB9xRYPY-00326-00080155-00080364 stated that adjustment to the changing
oV2YB9xRYPY-00327-00080365-00080574 world was both unavoidable and positive
oV2YB9xRYPY-00328-00080575-00080844 in itself Haskalah ideals were converted
oV2YB9xRYPY-00329-00080845-00081096 into practical steps via numerous reform
oV2YB9xRYPY-00330-00081097-00081291 programs initiated locally and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00331-00081292-00081540 independently by its activists acting in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00332-00081541-00081768 small groups or even alone at every time
oV2YB9xRYPY-00333-00081769-00082059 an area members of the movement sought
oV2YB9xRYPY-00334-00082060-00082245 to acquaint their people with European
oV2YB9xRYPY-00335-00082246-00082422 culture have them adopt the vernacular
oV2YB9xRYPY-00336-00082423-00082647 language of their lands and integrate
oV2YB9xRYPY-00337-00082648-00082893 them into larger society
oV2YB9xRYPY-00338-00082894-00083091 opposed Jewish reclusiveness and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00339-00083092-00083328 self-segregation called upon Jews to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00340-00083329-00083535 discard traditional dress in favor of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00341-00083536-00083682 the prevalent one and preached
oV2YB9xRYPY-00342-00083683-00083898 patriotism and loyalty to the new
oV2YB9xRYPY-00343-00083899-00084189 centralized governments they acted to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00344-00084190-00084381 weaken and limit the jurisdiction of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00345-00084382-00084627 traditional community institutions the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00346-00084628-00084828 rabbinic courts empowered to rule on
oV2YB9xRYPY-00347-00084829-00085044 numerous civic matters and the Board of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00348-00085045-00085262 Elders which served as lay leadership
oV2YB9xRYPY-00349-00085263-00085515 the masculine perceived those as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00350-00085516-00085779 remnants of medieval discrimination they
oV2YB9xRYPY-00351-00085780-00085989 criticized various traits of Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00352-00085990-00086208 society such as child marriage
oV2YB9xRYPY-00353-00086209-00086457 traumatised memories from unions entered
oV2YB9xRYPY-00354-00086458-00086691 at the age of 13 or 14 are a common
oV2YB9xRYPY-00355-00086692-00086910 theme in Haskalah literature the use of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00356-00086911-00087126 anathema to enforce community will in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00357-00087127-00087306 the concentration on virtually only
oV2YB9xRYPY-00358-00087307-00087630 religious studies perhaps the most
oV2YB9xRYPY-00359-00087631-00087867 important facet of mass college reform
oV2YB9xRYPY-00360-00087868-00088262 efforts was the educational one in 1778
oV2YB9xRYPY-00361-00088263-00088500 partisans of the movement were among the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00362-00088501-00088674 founders of the Berlin Jewish free
oV2YB9xRYPY-00363-00088675-00088947 school or have rotten acne Arum Society
oV2YB9xRYPY-00364-00088948-00089154 for the education of boys the first
oV2YB9xRYPY-00365-00089155-00089388 institution in Ashkenazi Jewry that
oV2YB9xRYPY-00366-00089389-00089580 taught general studies in addition to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00367-00089581-00089808 the reformulated and reduced traditional
oV2YB9xRYPY-00368-00089809-00090054 curriculum this model with different
oV2YB9xRYPY-00369-00090055-00090267 stresses was applied elsewhere
oV2YB9xRYPY-00370-00090268-00090525 Joseph pearl opened the first modern
oV2YB9xRYPY-00371-00090526-00090753 Jewish school in Galicia at ternopil in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00372-00090754-00091038 1813 and Eastern European masculine
oV2YB9xRYPY-00373-00091039-00091239 opened similar Institute's in The Pale
oV2YB9xRYPY-00374-00091240-00091542 of Settlement and Congress Poland they
oV2YB9xRYPY-00375-00091543-00091743 all abandoned the received methods of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00376-00091744-00091962 Ashkenazi education study of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00377-00091963-00092151 Pentateuch with the archaic ivory
oV2YB9xRYPY-00378-00092152-00092412 touched medieval Yiddish translation and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00379-00092413-00092628 an exclusive focus on the Talmud as a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00380-00092629-00092862 subject of higher learning all presided
oV2YB9xRYPY-00381-00092863-00093141 over by old school tutors melam dim who
oV2YB9xRYPY-00382-00093142-00093327 were particularly reviled in masculine
oV2YB9xRYPY-00383-00093328-00093660 circles those were replaced by teachers
oV2YB9xRYPY-00384-00093661-00093870 trained in modern methods among others
oV2YB9xRYPY-00385-00093871-00094065 in the spirit of German philanthropy
oV2YB9xRYPY-00386-00094066-00094275 nism who sought to acquaint their pupils
oV2YB9xRYPY-00387-00094276-00094443 with refined Hebrew so they may
oV2YB9xRYPY-00388-00094444-00094638 understand the Pentateuch and prayers
oV2YB9xRYPY-00389-00094639-00094830 and thus better identify with their
oV2YB9xRYPY-00390-00094831-00095052 heritage ignorance of Hebrew was often
oV2YB9xRYPY-00391-00095053-00095274 lamented by masculine as breeding apathy
oV2YB9xRYPY-00392-00095275-00095586 towards Judaism far less talmud
oV2YB9xRYPY-00393-00095587-00095807 considered cumbersome and ill suited for
oV2YB9xRYPY-00394-00095808-00096024 children was taught elements considered
oV2YB9xRYPY-00395-00096025-00096356 superstitious like Midrash ium were all
oV2YB9xRYPY-00396-00096357-00096561 matters of faith were taught in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00397-00096562-00096774 rationalistic spirit and in radical
oV2YB9xRYPY-00398-00096775-00097044 circles also in a sanitized manner on
oV2YB9xRYPY-00399-00097045-00097305 the other hand the curriculum was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00400-00097306-00097526 augmented by general studies like math
oV2YB9xRYPY-00401-00097527-00097913 vernacular language and so forth in the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00402-00097914-00098142 linguistic field the masculine wished to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00403-00098143-00098355 replace the dualism which characterized
oV2YB9xRYPY-00404-00098356-00098562 the traditional Ashkenazi community
oV2YB9xRYPY-00405-00098563-00098819 which spoke Judeo German and its formal
oV2YB9xRYPY-00406-00098820-00099015 literary language was Hebrew with
oV2YB9xRYPY-00407-00099016-00099246 another a refined Hebrew for internal
oV2YB9xRYPY-00408-00099247-00099447 usage and the local vernacular for
oV2YB9xRYPY-00409-00099448-00099780 external ones they almost universally
oV2YB9xRYPY-00410-00099781-00100023 abhorred Judeo German regarding it as a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00411-00100024-00100242 corrupt dialect and another symptom of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00412-00100243-00100443 Jewish destitution the movement
oV2YB9xRYPY-00413-00100444-00100638 pioneered the negative attitude to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00414-00100639-00100842 Yiddish which persisted many years later
oV2YB9xRYPY-00415-00100843-00101043 among the educated though often it's
oV2YB9xRYPY-00416-00101044-00101241 activists had to resort to it for lack
oV2YB9xRYPY-00417-00101242-00101465 of better medium to address the masses
oV2YB9xRYPY-00418-00101466-00101805 Aaron Holly Wolfson for example authored
oV2YB9xRYPY-00419-00101806-00102060 the first modern Judeo German play liked
oV2YB9xRYPY-00420-00102061-00102312 a nun from Ally rashness and sanctimony
oV2YB9xRYPY-00421-00102313-00102719 in 1796 on the economic front the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00422-00102720-00102924 masculine preached productive ization
oV2YB9xRYPY-00423-00102925-00103146 and abandonment of traditional Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00424-00103147-00103374 occupations in favor of agriculture
oV2YB9xRYPY-00425-00103375-00103633 trades and liberal professions in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00426-00103634-00103859 matters of faith which were being
oV2YB9xRYPY-00427-00103860-00104076 cordoned off into a distinct fear of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00428-00104077-00104427 religion by modernization pressures the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00429-00104428-00104657 movements partisans from moderates to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00430-00104658-00104727 radicals
oV2YB9xRYPY-00431-00104728-00105048 lacked any uniform coherent agenda the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00432-00105049-00105236 main standard through which they judged
oV2YB9xRYPY-00433-00105238-00105546 Judaism was that of rationalism their
oV2YB9xRYPY-00434-00105547-00105750 most important contribution was the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00435-00105751-00105957 revival of Jewish philosophy rather
oV2YB9xRYPY-00436-00105958-00106206 dormant since the Italian Renaissance as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00437-00106207-00106422 an alternative to mist assist kabbalah
oV2YB9xRYPY-00438-00106423-00106644 which served as almost the sole system
oV2YB9xRYPY-00439-00106645-00106827 of thought among Ashkenazi man an
oV2YB9xRYPY-00440-00106828-00107148 explanatory system for observance rather
oV2YB9xRYPY-00441-00107149-00107415 than complex allegorical exegesis the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00442-00107416-00107622 Haskalah sought a literal understanding
oV2YB9xRYPY-00443-00107623-00107901 of Scripture and sacred literature the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00444-00107902-00108123 rejection of Kabbalah often accompanied
oV2YB9xRYPY-00445-00108124-00108303 with attempts to refute the ancientness
oV2YB9xRYPY-00446-00108304-00108483 of the Zohar were extremely
oV2YB9xRYPY-00447-00108483-00108696 controversial in traditional society
oV2YB9xRYPY-00448-00108697-00108933 apart from that the masculine had little
oV2YB9xRYPY-00449-00108933-00109179 in common on the right-wing were
oV2YB9xRYPY-00450-00109180-00109358 conservative members of the rabbinic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00451-00109359-00109559 elite who merely wanted a rationalist
oV2YB9xRYPY-00452-00109560-00109664 approach and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00453-00109665-00109841 the extreme left some ventured far
oV2YB9xRYPY-00454-00109842-00110048 beyond the pale of Orthodoxy towards
oV2YB9xRYPY-00455-00110049-00110291 deism another aspect was the movements
oV2YB9xRYPY-00456-00110292-00110612 attitude to gender relations many of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00457-00110613-00110783 masculine were raised in the rabbinic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00458-00110784-00110990 elite in which unlike among the poor
oV2YB9xRYPY-00459-00110991-00111188 Jewish masses or the rich communal
oV2YB9xRYPY-00460-00111189-00111383 wardens the male's were immersed in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00461-00111384-00111546 traditional studies and their wives
oV2YB9xRYPY-00462-00111547-00111791 supported them financially mostly by
oV2YB9xRYPY-00463-00111792-00112056 running business many of the Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00464-00112057-00112262 enlightened were traumatized by their
oV2YB9xRYPY-00465-00112263-00112482 own experiences either of assertive
oV2YB9xRYPY-00466-00112483-00112661 mothers or early marriage often
oV2YB9xRYPY-00467-00112662-00112937 conducted at the age of 13 bitter
oV2YB9xRYPY-00468-00112938-00113138 memories from those are a common theme
oV2YB9xRYPY-00469-00113139-00113411 in masculine autobiographies having
oV2YB9xRYPY-00470-00113412-00113579 imbibed the image of European
oV2YB9xRYPY-00471-00113580-00113822 bourgeoisie family values many of them
oV2YB9xRYPY-00472-00113823-00114035 sought to challenge the semi matriarchal
oV2YB9xRYPY-00473-00114036-00114207 Order of rabbinic families which
oV2YB9xRYPY-00474-00114208-00114434 combined a lack of Jewish education for
oV2YB9xRYPY-00475-00114435-00114602 women with granting and the status of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00476-00114603-00114824 providers early marriage and rigid
oV2YB9xRYPY-00477-00114825-00115158 modesty instead they insisted that men
oV2YB9xRYPY-00478-00115158-00115346 become economically productive while
oV2YB9xRYPY-00479-00115347-00115523 confining their wives to the home
oV2YB9xRYPY-00480-00115524-00115754 environment but also granting improper
oV2YB9xRYPY-00481-00115755-00115973 religious education a reversal of what
oV2YB9xRYPY-00482-00115974-00116174 was customary among Jews copying
oV2YB9xRYPY-00483-00116175-00116858 Christian attitudes at the time
oV2YB9xRYPY-00484-00116859-00117448 topic transitory phenomena
oV2YB9xRYPY-00485-00117449-00117694 the Haskalah was also mainly a movement
oV2YB9xRYPY-00486-00117695-00117933 of transformation straddling both the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00487-00117934-00118165 declining traditional Jewish society of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00488-00118166-00118357 autonomous community and cultural
oV2YB9xRYPY-00489-00118358-00118552 seclusion and the beginnings of a modern
oV2YB9xRYPY-00490-00118553-00118836 Jewish public as noted by Feiner
oV2YB9xRYPY-00491-00118838-00119020 everything connected with the Haskalah
oV2YB9xRYPY-00492-00119021-00119329 was dualistic in nature the Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00493-00119330-00119590 enlighten our suit two parallel agendas
oV2YB9xRYPY-00494-00119591-00119779 they exhorted the Jews to acculturate
oV2YB9xRYPY-00495-00119780-00120022 and harmonize with the modern state and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00496-00120023-00120247 demanded that the Jews remain a distinct
oV2YB9xRYPY-00497-00120248-00120468 group with its own culture and identity
oV2YB9xRYPY-00498-00120469-00120718 theirs was a middle position between
oV2YB9xRYPY-00499-00120719-00120982 Jewish community and surrounding Society
oV2YB9xRYPY-00500-00120983-00121324 received mores and modernity sliding
oV2YB9xRYPY-00501-00121325-00121552 away from this precarious equilibrium in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00502-00121553-00121828 any direction signified also ones break
oV2YB9xRYPY-00503-00121829-00122060 with the Jewish enlightenment
oV2YB9xRYPY-00504-00122061-00122286 virtually all masculine received
oV2YB9xRYPY-00505-00122288-00122563 old-style secluded education and were
oV2YB9xRYPY-00506-00122564-00122731 young Torah scholars before they were
oV2YB9xRYPY-00507-00122732-00122965 first exposed to outside knowledge from
oV2YB9xRYPY-00508-00122966-00123169 a gender perspective the movement was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00509-00123170-00123424 almost totally male-dominated women did
oV2YB9xRYPY-00510-00123425-00123609 not receive sufficient tutoring to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00511-00123610-00123895 master Hebrew for generations
oV2YB9xRYPY-00512-00123896-00124108 Mendelssohn's Bible translation to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00513-00124108-00124288 German was employed by such young
oV2YB9xRYPY-00514-00124289-00124492 initiates to bridge the linguistic gap
oV2YB9xRYPY-00515-00124493-00124708 and learn a foreign language having been
oV2YB9xRYPY-00516-00124708-00124990 raised on Hebrew and Yiddish only the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00517-00124991-00125224 experience of abandoning one's sheltered
oV2YB9xRYPY-00518-00125225-00125428 community and struggle with tradition
oV2YB9xRYPY-00519-00125429-00125629 was a ubiquitous trait of mass college
oV2YB9xRYPY-00520-00125630-00125899 biographies the children of these
oV2YB9xRYPY-00521-00125900-00126111 activists almost never followed their
oV2YB9xRYPY-00522-00126113-00126325 parents they rather went forward in the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00523-00126326-00126558 path of acculturation and assimilation
oV2YB9xRYPY-00524-00126558-00126799 while the fathers learned the vernacular
oV2YB9xRYPY-00525-00126800-00127048 late and still consumed much Hebrew
oV2YB9xRYPY-00526-00127049-00127276 literature the little available material
oV2YB9xRYPY-00527-00127277-00127450 in the language did not attract their
oV2YB9xRYPY-00528-00127451-00127651 offspring who often lacked a grasp of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00529-00127652-00127876 Hebrew due to not sharing their parents
oV2YB9xRYPY-00530-00127877-00128188 traditional education Haskalah was by
oV2YB9xRYPY-00531-00128189-00128365 and large a you know generational
oV2YB9xRYPY-00532-00128366-00128620 experience in the linguistic field this
oV2YB9xRYPY-00533-00128621-00128920 transitory nature was well attested the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00534-00128921-00129121 traditional Jewish community in Europe
oV2YB9xRYPY-00535-00129122-00129322 inhabited two separate spheres of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00536-00129323-00129598 communication one internal where Hebrew
oV2YB9xRYPY-00537-00129599-00129783 served as written high language and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00538-00129784-00129988 Yiddish as vernacular for the masses and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00539-00129989-00130198 one external where Latin and the like
oV2YB9xRYPY-00540-00130199-00130359 were used for apologetic and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00541-00130360-00130540 intercessory purposes toward the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00542-00130541-00130831 Christian world a tiny minority
oV2YB9xRYPY-00543-00130832-00131010 Reiter's was concerned with the latter
oV2YB9xRYPY-00544-00131011-00131263 the Haskalah sought to introduce our
oV2YB9xRYPY-00545-00131264-00131521 different bilingualism renovated refined
oV2YB9xRYPY-00546-00131522-00131728 hebrew for internal matters while
oV2YB9xRYPY-00547-00131729-00131905 yiddish was to be eliminated and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00548-00131906-00132118 national vernaculars to be taught to all
oV2YB9xRYPY-00549-00132119-00132469 Jews for external ones however they
oV2YB9xRYPY-00550-00132470-00132649 insisted on the maintenance of both
oV2YB9xRYPY-00551-00132650-00132961 spheres when acculturation far exceeded
oV2YB9xRYPY-00552-00132962-00133189 the movements plans Central European
oV2YB9xRYPY-00553-00133190-00133384 Jews turned almost solely to the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00554-00133385-00133705 vernacular David Sorkin demonstrated
oV2YB9xRYPY-00555-00133706-00133885 this with the two great journals of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00556-00133886-00134140 German Jewry the masculine charm Yossef
oV2YB9xRYPY-00557-00134141-00134338 was written in Hebrew and supported the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00558-00134339-00134551 study of German the post masculine
oV2YB9xRYPY-00559-00134552-00134629 Salamis
oV2YB9xRYPY-00560-00134630-00134878 published since 1806 was written almost
oV2YB9xRYPY-00561-00134879-00135085 entirely in German befitting its
oV2YB9xRYPY-00562-00135086-00135250 editor's agenda of linguistic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00563-00135251-00135589 assimilation likewise upon the demise of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00564-00135590-00135802 Jewish enlightenment in Eastern Europe
oV2YB9xRYPY-00565-00135803-00136033 authors abandoned the masculine paradigm
oV2YB9xRYPY-00566-00136034-00136261 not toward assimilation but in favor of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00567-00136262-00136603 exclusive use of Hebrew and Yiddish the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00568-00136604-00136798 political vision of the Haskalah was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00569-00136799-00137071 predicated on a similar approach it
oV2YB9xRYPY-00570-00137072-00137287 opposed the reclusive community of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00571-00137288-00137506 past but saw to maintenance of a strong
oV2YB9xRYPY-00572-00137507-00137716 Jewish framework with themselves as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00573-00137717-00137899 leaders and intercessors with the state
oV2YB9xRYPY-00574-00137900-00138094 authorities the enlightened were not
oV2YB9xRYPY-00575-00138095-00138268 even fully agreeable to civic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00576-00138269-00138481 emancipation and many of them viewed it
oV2YB9xRYPY-00577-00138482-00138814 with reserve sometimes anxiety in their
oV2YB9xRYPY-00578-00138815-00139015 writings they drew a sharp line between
oV2YB9xRYPY-00579-00139016-00139315 themselves in whom they termed pseudo
oV2YB9xRYPY-00580-00139316-00139558 masculine those who embraced the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00581-00139559-00139747 Enlightenment values and secular
oV2YB9xRYPY-00582-00139748-00139933 knowledge but did not seek to balance
oV2YB9xRYPY-00583-00139934-00140113 these with the Jewishness but rather
oV2YB9xRYPY-00584-00140114-00140404 strove for full assimilation such
oV2YB9xRYPY-00585-00140405-00140563 elements whether the radical
oV2YB9xRYPY-00586-00140564-00140758 Universalists who broke off the late
oV2YB9xRYPY-00587-00140759-00140950 berlin Haskalah or the russified
oV2YB9xRYPY-00588-00140951-00141154 intelligentsia in eastern europe a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00589-00141155-00141370 century later were castigated and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00590-00141371-00141562 derided no less than the old rabbinic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00591-00141563-00141694 authorities which the movement
oV2YB9xRYPY-00592-00141695-00142009 confronted it was not uncommon for its
oV2YB9xRYPY-00593-00142010-00142207 partisans to become a conservative
oV2YB9xRYPY-00594-00142208-00142384 element combating against further
oV2YB9xRYPY-00595-00142385-00142681 dilution of tradition in Vilnius Samuel
oV2YB9xRYPY-00596-00142682-00142849 Joseph when turned from a progressive
oV2YB9xRYPY-00597-00142850-00143032 into an adversary of more radical
oV2YB9xRYPY-00598-00143033-00143326 elements within a generation in the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00599-00143327-00143542 Maghreb the few local masculine were
oV2YB9xRYPY-00600-00143543-00143683 more concerned with the rapid
oV2YB9xRYPY-00601-00143684-00143878 assimilation of local Jews into the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00602-00143879-00144076 colonial French culture than with the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00603-00144077-00144211 ills of trade
oV2YB9xRYPY-00604-00144212-00144446 likewise those who abandoned the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00605-00144447-00144653 optimistic liberal vision of the Jews
oV2YB9xRYPY-00606-00144654-00144848 albeit as a cohesive community
oV2YB9xRYPY-00607-00144849-00145106 integrating into wider society in favor
oV2YB9xRYPY-00608-00145107-00145328 of full-blown Jewish nationalism or
oV2YB9xRYPY-00609-00145329-00145571 radical revolutionary ideologies which
oV2YB9xRYPY-00610-00145572-00145760 strove to uproot the established order
oV2YB9xRYPY-00611-00145761-00146033 also broke with the movement the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00612-00146034-00146240 National Jewish movements of Eastern
oV2YB9xRYPY-00613-00146241-00146435 Europe founded by disillusioned
oV2YB9xRYPY-00614-00146436-00146681 masculine derisively regarded it in a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00615-00146682-00146858 manner similar to other romantic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00616-00146859-00147065 nationalist movements understanding of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00617-00147066-00147251 the general enlightenment as a naive
oV2YB9xRYPY-00618-00147252-00147509 liberal and assimilationist ideology
oV2YB9xRYPY-00619-00147510-00147671 which induced foreign cultural
oV2YB9xRYPY-00620-00147672-00147902 influences Nord at the Jewish national
oV2YB9xRYPY-00621-00147903-00148103 consciousness and promised false hopes
oV2YB9xRYPY-00622-00148104-00148313 of equality in exchange for spiritual
oV2YB9xRYPY-00623-00148314-00148604 enslavement this hostile view was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00624-00148605-00148829 promulgated by nationalist thinkers and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00625-00148830-00149114 historians from Perret Smolensk n' simon
oV2YB9xRYPY-00626-00149115-00149405 dubby now and onwards it was once common
oV2YB9xRYPY-00627-00149406-00149666 in Israeli historiography a major factor
oV2YB9xRYPY-00628-00149667-00149885 which always characterized the movement
oV2YB9xRYPY-00629-00149886-00150089 was its weakness and its dependence of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00630-00150090-00150341 much more powerful elements its
oV2YB9xRYPY-00631-00150342-00150548 partisans were mostly impoverished
oV2YB9xRYPY-00632-00150549-00150770 intellectuals who eat out a living as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00633-00150771-00150998 private tutors and the like few had a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00634-00150999-00151250 stable financial base and they required
oV2YB9xRYPY-00635-00151251-00151469 patrons whether affluent Jews or the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00636-00151470-00151811 state's institutions this trip lists the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00637-00151812-00152030 authorities the Jewish communal elite
oV2YB9xRYPY-00638-00152031-00152258 and the masculine was united only in the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00639-00152259-00152444 ambition of thoroughly reforming Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00640-00152445-00152753 society the government had no interest
oV2YB9xRYPY-00641-00152754-00152951 in the visions of Renaissance which the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00642-00152952-00153242 enlightened so fervently cherished it
oV2YB9xRYPY-00643-00153243-00153425 demanded the Jews to turn into
oV2YB9xRYPY-00644-00153426-00153629 productive loyal subjects with
oV2YB9xRYPY-00645-00153630-00153875 rudimentary secular education and no
oV2YB9xRYPY-00646-00153876-00154184 more the rich Jews were sometimes open
oV2YB9xRYPY-00647-00154185-00154376 to the movements agenda but mostly
oV2YB9xRYPY-00648-00154377-00154589 practical hoping for a better man to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00649-00154590-00154733 their people that would result in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00650-00154734-00155087 emancipation and equal rights indeed the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00651-00155088-00155282 great cultural transformation which
oV2YB9xRYPY-00652-00155283-00155492 occurred among the pana seemed affluent
oV2YB9xRYPY-00653-00155493-00155729 communal wardens class they were always
oV2YB9xRYPY-00654-00155730-00156011 more open to outside society and had to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00655-00156012-00156161 choose to their children in secular
oV2YB9xRYPY-00656-00156162-00156377 subjects thus inviting general
oV2YB9xRYPY-00657-00156378-00156554 enlightenment influences was a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00658-00156555-00156701 precondition of Haskalah
oV2YB9xRYPY-00659-00156702-00156965 the state in the elite required the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00660-00156966-00157136 masculine as interlocutors and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00661-00157137-00157337 specialists in their efforts for reform
oV2YB9xRYPY-00662-00157338-00157532 especially as educators and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00663-00157533-00157754 Latta used this as leverage to benefit
oV2YB9xRYPY-00664-00157755-00158084 their ideology however the activists
oV2YB9xRYPY-00665-00158085-00158270 were much more dependent on the former
oV2YB9xRYPY-00666-00158271-00158495 than vice-versa frustration from ones
oV2YB9xRYPY-00667-00158496-00158666 inability to further the masculine
oV2YB9xRYPY-00668-00158667-00158915 gender and being surrounded by apathetic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00669-00158916-00159241 Jews either conservative fanatics or
oV2YB9xRYPY-00670-00159242-00159656 parvenu assimilationists is a common
oV2YB9xRYPY-00671-00159657-00159854 theme in the movements literature the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00672-00159855-00160097 term Haskalah became synonymous among
oV2YB9xRYPY-00673-00160098-00160286 friends and foes alike and in much of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00674-00160287-00160511 early jewish historiography with the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00675-00160512-00160712 sweeping changes that engulfed jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00676-00160713-00160952 society mostly in europe from the late
oV2YB9xRYPY-00677-00160953-00161318 18th century to the late 19th century it
oV2YB9xRYPY-00678-00161319-00161504 was depicted by its partisans
oV2YB9xRYPY-00679-00161505-00161765 adversaries and historians like heinrich
oV2YB9xRYPY-00680-00161766-00162071 gratz as a major factor in those later
oV2YB9xRYPY-00681-00162072-00162284 research greatly narrowed the scope of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00682-00162285-00162431 the phenomenon and limited its
oV2YB9xRYPY-00683-00162432-00162659 importance while Haskalah undoubtedly
oV2YB9xRYPY-00684-00162660-00162755 played a part
oV2YB9xRYPY-00685-00162756-00162974 the contemporary historical consensus
oV2YB9xRYPY-00686-00162975-00163225 portrays it as much humbler other
oV2YB9xRYPY-00687-00163226-00163454 transformation agents from state-imposed
oV2YB9xRYPY-00688-00163455-00163654 schools to new economic opportunities
oV2YB9xRYPY-00689-00163655-00163928 were demonstrated to have rivaled or
oV2YB9xRYPY-00690-00163929-00164132 overshadowed the movement completely in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00691-00164133-00164282 propelling such processes as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00692-00164283-00164573 acculturation secularization religious
oV2YB9xRYPY-00693-00164574-00164816 reform from moderate to extreme adoption
oV2YB9xRYPY-00694-00164817-00165089 of native patriotism and so forth in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00695-00165090-00165383 many regions the Haskalah had no effect
oV2YB9xRYPY-00696-00165384-00165918 at all
oV2YB9xRYPY-00697-00165919-00166476 topic origins
oV2YB9xRYPY-00698-00166477-00166743 as long as the Jews lived in segregated
oV2YB9xRYPY-00699-00166744-00166959 communities and as long as all social
oV2YB9xRYPY-00700-00166960-00167145 interaction with their Gentile neighbors
oV2YB9xRYPY-00701-00167146-00167340 was limited the rabbi was the most
oV2YB9xRYPY-00702-00167341-00167511 influential member of the Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00703-00167512-00167775 community in addition to being a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00704-00167776-00168108 religious scholar and clergy a rabbi
oV2YB9xRYPY-00705-00168109-00168351 also acted as a civil judge in all cases
oV2YB9xRYPY-00706-00168352-00168681 in which both parties were Jews rabbis
oV2YB9xRYPY-00707-00168682-00168867 sometimes had other important
oV2YB9xRYPY-00708-00168868-00169077 administrative powers together with the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00709-00169078-00169386 community elders the rabbinate was the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00710-00169387-00169620 highest aim of many Jewish boys and the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00711-00169621-00169803 study of the Talmud was the means of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00712-00169804-00170010 obtaining that coveted position or one
oV2YB9xRYPY-00713-00170011-00170184 of many other important communal
oV2YB9xRYPY-00714-00170185-00170472 distinctions Haskalah followers
oV2YB9xRYPY-00715-00170473-00170829 advocated coming out of the ghetto not
oV2YB9xRYPY-00716-00170830-00171042 just physically but also mentally and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00717-00171043-00171276 spiritually in order to assimilate among
oV2YB9xRYPY-00718-00171277-00171648 Gentile nations the example of Moses
oV2YB9xRYPY-00719-00171649-00172065 Mendelssohn 1729 286 a Prussian Jew
oV2YB9xRYPY-00720-00172066-00172293 served to lead this movement which was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00721-00172294-00172647 also shaped by Aaron Hale a Wolfson 1754
oV2YB9xRYPY-00722-00172648-00173234 to 1835 and Joseph pearl 1773 to 1839
oV2YB9xRYPY-00723-00173235-00173490 Mendelssohn's extraordinary success as a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00724-00173491-00173682 popular philosopher and man of letters
oV2YB9xRYPY-00725-00173683-00173855 revealed hitherto unsuspected
oV2YB9xRYPY-00726-00173856-00174063 possibilities of integration and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00727-00174064-00174338 acceptance of Jews among non-jews
oV2YB9xRYPY-00728-00174339-00174606 Mendelssohn also provided methods for
oV2YB9xRYPY-00729-00174607-00174819 Jews to enter the general Society of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00730-00174820-00175098 Germany a good knowledge of the German
oV2YB9xRYPY-00731-00175099-00175290 language was necessary to secure
oV2YB9xRYPY-00732-00175291-00175512 entrance into cultured German circles
oV2YB9xRYPY-00733-00175513-00175728 and an excellent means of acquiring it
oV2YB9xRYPY-00734-00175729-00175911 was provided by Mendelssohn in his
oV2YB9xRYPY-00735-00175912-00176184 German translation of the Torah this
oV2YB9xRYPY-00736-00176185-00176349 work became a bridge over which
oV2YB9xRYPY-00737-00176350-00176556 ambitious young Jews could pass to the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00738-00176557-00176844 great world of secular knowledge the by
oV2YB9xRYPY-00739-00176845-00177093 or or grammatical commentary prepared
oV2YB9xRYPY-00740-00177094-00177291 under Mendelssohn's supervision was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00741-00177292-00177489 designed to counteract the influence of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00742-00177490-00177660 traditional rabbinical methods of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00743-00177661-00177984 exegesis together with the translation
oV2YB9xRYPY-00744-00177985-00178182 it became as it were the primer of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00745-00178183-00178341 Haskalah
oV2YB9xRYPY-00746-00178342-00178527 language played a key role in the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00747-00178528-00178749 Haskalah movement as Mendelssohn and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00748-00178750-00178950 others called for a revival of Hebrew
oV2YB9xRYPY-00749-00178951-00179135 and a reduction in the use of Yiddish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00750-00179136-00179407 the result was an outpouring of new
oV2YB9xRYPY-00751-00179408-00179634 secular literature as well as critical
oV2YB9xRYPY-00752-00179635-00179979 studies of religious texts Julius first
oV2YB9xRYPY-00753-00179980-00180186 along with other German Jewish scholars
oV2YB9xRYPY-00754-00180187-00180438 compiled Hebrew and Aramaic dictionaries
oV2YB9xRYPY-00755-00180439-00180750 and grammars Jews also began to study
oV2YB9xRYPY-00756-00180751-00180954 and communicate in the languages of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00757-00180955-00181107 countries in which they settled
oV2YB9xRYPY-00758-00181108-00181272 providing another gateway for
oV2YB9xRYPY-00759-00181273-00181632 integration Berlin is the city of origin
oV2YB9xRYPY-00760-00181633-00181875 for the movement the capital city of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00761-00181876-00182109 Prussia and later the German Empire
oV2YB9xRYPY-00762-00182110-00182333 Berlin became known as a secular
oV2YB9xRYPY-00763-00182334-00182586 multicultural and multi-ethnic center a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00764-00182587-00182811 fertile environment for conversations
oV2YB9xRYPY-00765-00182812-00183120 and radical movements this moved by the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00766-00183121-00183372 masculine away from religious study into
oV2YB9xRYPY-00767-00183373-00183576 much more critical and worldly studies
oV2YB9xRYPY-00768-00183577-00183801 was made possible by this German city of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00769-00183802-00184074 modern and progressive thought it was a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00770-00184075-00184251 city in which the rising middle class
oV2YB9xRYPY-00771-00184252-00184512 Jews and intellectual elites not only
oV2YB9xRYPY-00772-00184513-00184737 lived among but were exposed to previous
oV2YB9xRYPY-00773-00184738-00184929 age of enlightenment thinkers such as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00774-00184930-00185226 Voltaire Diderot and Rousseau the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00775-00185227-00185433 movement is often referred to the Berlin
oV2YB9xRYPY-00776-00185434-00185733 Haskalah reference to Berlin in relation
oV2YB9xRYPY-00777-00185734-00185940 to the Haskalah movement is necessary
oV2YB9xRYPY-00778-00185941-00186138 because it provides context for this
oV2YB9xRYPY-00779-00186139-00186459 episode of Jewish history subsequently
oV2YB9xRYPY-00780-00186460-00186675 having left Germany and spreading across
oV2YB9xRYPY-00781-00186676-00186870 Eastern Europe the Berlin Haskalah
oV2YB9xRYPY-00782-00186871-00187122 influenced multiple Jewish communities
oV2YB9xRYPY-00783-00187123-00187294 who are hungry for non-religious
oV2YB9xRYPY-00784-00187295-00187507 scholarly texts and insight to worlds
oV2YB9xRYPY-00785-00187508-00188184 beyond the Jewish enclaves
oV2YB9xRYPY-00786-00188185-00188716 topic spread
oV2YB9xRYPY-00787-00188717-00188974 Haskalah did not stay restricted to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00788-00188975-00189205 germany however and the movement quickly
oV2YB9xRYPY-00789-00189206-00189382 spread throughout Europe Poland
oV2YB9xRYPY-00790-00189383-00189604 Lithuania was the heartland of rabbinic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00791-00189605-00189844 judaism with its two streams of mists
oV2YB9xRYPY-00792-00189845-00190021 snagged each talmud ism centered in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00793-00190022-00190261 lithuania and other regions and Hasidic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00794-00190262-00190483 mysticism popular in Ukraine Poland
oV2YB9xRYPY-00795-00190484-00190807 Hungary and Russia in the 19th century
oV2YB9xRYPY-00796-00190808-00191056 Haskalah sought dissemination and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00797-00191057-00191272 transformation of traditional education
oV2YB9xRYPY-00798-00191273-00191497 and inward pious life in Eastern Europe
oV2YB9xRYPY-00799-00191498-00191752 it adapted its message to these
oV2YB9xRYPY-00800-00191753-00191971 different environments working with the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00801-00191972-00192106 Russian government of The Pale of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00802-00192107-00192307 Settlement to influence secular
oV2YB9xRYPY-00803-00192308-00192532 educational methods while its writers
oV2YB9xRYPY-00804-00192533-00192790 satirized Hasidic mysticism in favor of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00805-00192791-00192994 solely rationalist interpretation of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00806-00192995-00193531 Judaism Isaac Baer Levinson 1788 to 1860
oV2YB9xRYPY-00807-00193532-00193848 became known as the Russian Mendelssohn
oV2YB9xRYPY-00808-00193849-00194031 Joseph Perls
oV2YB9xRYPY-00809-00194032-00194428 1773 to 1839 satire of the Hasidic
oV2YB9xRYPY-00810-00194429-00194788 movement revealer of Secrets megalith
oV2YB9xRYPY-00811-00194789-00195001 emiram is said to be the first modern
oV2YB9xRYPY-00812-00195002-00195280 novel in Hebrew it was published in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00813-00195281-00195526 Vienna in 1819 under the pseudonym
oV2YB9xRYPY-00814-00195527-00195898 Obadiah Ben petha here the Haskalah x'
oV2YB9xRYPY-00815-00195899-00196105 message of integration into non-jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00816-00196106-00196363 Society was subsequently counteracted by
oV2YB9xRYPY-00817-00196364-00196573 alternative secular Jewish political
oV2YB9xRYPY-00818-00196574-00196897 movements advocating focus socialist or
oV2YB9xRYPY-00819-00196898-00197125 nationalists secular Jewish identities
oV2YB9xRYPY-00820-00197126-00197386 in Eastern Europe while Haas Keller
oV2YB9xRYPY-00821-00197387-00197596 advocated Hebrew and sought to remove
oV2YB9xRYPY-00822-00197597-00197848 Yiddish these subsequent developments
oV2YB9xRYPY-00823-00197849-00198049 advocated Yiddish Renaissance among
oV2YB9xRYPY-00824-00198050-00198303 masculine writers of Yiddish literature
oV2YB9xRYPY-00825-00198304-00198595 variously satirized or sentimentalized
oV2YB9xRYPY-00826-00198596-00199217 Hasidic mysticism
oV2YB9xRYPY-00827-00199218-00199765 topic effects
oV2YB9xRYPY-00828-00199766-00199966 even as a man so patient eased
oV2YB9xRYPY-00829-00199967-00200194 integration into wider society and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00830-00200195-00200437 assimilation prospered the Haskalah also
oV2YB9xRYPY-00831-00200438-00200635 resulted in the creation of secular
oV2YB9xRYPY-00832-00200636-00200833 Jewish culture with an emphasis on
oV2YB9xRYPY-00833-00200834-00200992 Jewish history and Jewish identity
oV2YB9xRYPY-00834-00200993-00201334 rather than religion this resulted in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00835-00201335-00201553 the engagement of Jews in a variety of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00836-00201554-00201742 competing ways within the countries
oV2YB9xRYPY-00837-00201743-00201826 where they lived
oV2YB9xRYPY-00838-00201827-00202015 these included the struggle for Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00839-00202016-00202273 emancipation involvement in new Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00840-00202274-00202507 political movements and later in the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00841-00202508-00202738 face of continued persecutions in late
oV2YB9xRYPY-00842-00202739-00203002 19th century Europe the development of a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00843-00203003-00203305 Jewish nationalism one source describes
oV2YB9xRYPY-00844-00203306-00203602 these effects as the emancipation of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00845-00203603-00203905 Jews brought forth to opposed movements
oV2YB9xRYPY-00846-00203906-00204217 the cultural assimilation begun by Moses
oV2YB9xRYPY-00847-00204218-00204484 Mendelssohn and Zionism founded by
oV2YB9xRYPY-00848-00204485-00204976 Theodor Herzl in 1896 one facet of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00849-00204977-00205177 Haskalah was a widespread cultural
oV2YB9xRYPY-00850-00205178-00205338 adaptation as those Jews who
oV2YB9xRYPY-00851-00205339-00205579 participated in the Enlightenment began
oV2YB9xRYPY-00852-00205580-00205807 in varying degrees to participate in the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00853-00205808-00205998 cultural practices of the surrounding
oV2YB9xRYPY-00854-00206000-00206308 Gentile population connected with this
oV2YB9xRYPY-00855-00206309-00206494 was the birth of the reform movement
oV2YB9xRYPY-00856-00206494-00206742 whose founders such as Israel Jacobsen
oV2YB9xRYPY-00857-00206744-00206929 and Leopold sons rejected their
oV2YB9xRYPY-00858-00206930-00207133 continuing observance of those aspects
oV2YB9xRYPY-00859-00207134-00207336 of Jewish law which they classified as
oV2YB9xRYPY-00860-00207337-00207585 ritual as opposed to moral or ethical
oV2YB9xRYPY-00861-00207586-00207886 even within orthodoxy the Haskalah was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00862-00207887-00208038 felt through the appearance of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00863-00208039-00208258 muscle movement in Lithuania and Torah
oV2YB9xRYPY-00864-00208259-00208562 in derecha rets in Germany in response
oV2YB9xRYPY-00865-00208563-00208819 enlightened Jews sided with Gentile
oV2YB9xRYPY-00866-00208819-00209046 governments in plans to increase secular
oV2YB9xRYPY-00867-00209048-00209211 education among the Jewish masses
oV2YB9xRYPY-00868-00209212-00209442 bringing them into acute conflict with
oV2YB9xRYPY-00869-00209444-00209596 the Orthodox who believed this
oV2YB9xRYPY-00870-00209596-00209911 threatened Jewish life the spreading of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00871-00209912-00210121 Haskalah affected Judaism as a religion
oV2YB9xRYPY-00872-00210121-00210361 because of how much the different sects
oV2YB9xRYPY-00873-00210362-00210577 desired to be integrated and in turn
oV2YB9xRYPY-00874-00210578-00210886 integrate their religious traditions the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00875-00210887-00211054 effects of the Enlightenment were
oV2YB9xRYPY-00876-00211055-00211246 already present in Jewish religious
oV2YB9xRYPY-00877-00211246-00211438 music and opinion on traditionalism
oV2YB9xRYPY-00878-00211439-00211783 versus modernization groups of reformed
oV2YB9xRYPY-00879-00211784-00212002 Jews such as the Society of the Friends
oV2YB9xRYPY-00880-00212003-00212196 of reform and the Association for the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00881-00212198-00212389 reform of Judaism were formed because
oV2YB9xRYPY-00882-00212390-00212623 they wanted and actively advocated for a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00883-00212623-00212827 change in Jewish tradition mainly
oV2YB9xRYPY-00884-00212828-00213060 rituals like circumcision
oV2YB9xRYPY-00885-00213061-00213309 another non-orthodox group was the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00886-00213310-00213541 conservative Jews who emphasized the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00887-00213542-00213750 importance of traditions but viewed with
oV2YB9xRYPY-00888-00213751-00214039 a historical perspective the Orthodox
oV2YB9xRYPY-00889-00214040-00214209 Jews were actively against these
oV2YB9xRYPY-00890-00214210-00214407 reformers because they viewed changing
oV2YB9xRYPY-00891-00214408-00214591 Jewish tradition was an insult to God
oV2YB9xRYPY-00892-00214592-00214803 and that fulfillment in life could be
oV2YB9xRYPY-00893-00214804-00215001 found in serving God and keeping his
oV2YB9xRYPY-00894-00215002-00215319 Commandments The effect of Haskalah was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00895-00215321-00215512 that it gave a voice to plurality of
oV2YB9xRYPY-00896-00215513-00215727 views while the orthodoxy stubbornly
oV2YB9xRYPY-00897-00215728-00215922 preserved the tradition even to the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00898-00215923-00216129 point of insisting on dividing between
oV2YB9xRYPY-00899-00216130-00216474 sects another important facet of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00900-00216475-00216640 Haskalah was its interests two
oV2YB9xRYPY-00901-00216641-00216935 non-jewish religions Moses Mendelssohn
oV2YB9xRYPY-00902-00216936-00217162 criticized some aspects of Christianity
oV2YB9xRYPY-00903-00217163-00217485 but depicted Jesus as a Torah observant
oV2YB9xRYPY-00904-00217486-00217690 rabbi who was loyal to traditional
oV2YB9xRYPY-00905-00217691-00218025 Judaism Mendelssohn explicitly linked
oV2YB9xRYPY-00906-00218026-00218247 positive Jewish views of Jesus with the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00907-00218248-00218442 issues of emancipation and Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00908-00218444-00218730 Christian reconciliation similar
oV2YB9xRYPY-00909-00218731-00218925 revisionist views were expressed by
oV2YB9xRYPY-00910-00218926-00219142 rabbi Isaac BIR Levinson and other
oV2YB9xRYPY-00911-00219142-00219321 traditional representatives of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00912-00219322-00219958 Haskalah movement
oV2YB9xRYPY-00913-00219959-00220558 topic list of masculine
oV2YB9xRYPY-00914-00220559-00221008 David freezin Heusen 1756 to 1828
oV2YB9xRYPY-00915-00221009-00221275 Hungarian Maskull mathematician and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00916-00221276-00221787 Rabbi Abraham mm Anson tilde 1790 to
oV2YB9xRYPY-00917-00221788-00222085 1878 was a Lithuanian Jewish herb raced
oV2YB9xRYPY-00918-00222086-00222498 poet and grammarian Abraham Jacob Papen
oV2YB9xRYPY-00919-00222500-00222832 er 1840 to 1919 was a Russian Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00920-00222833-00223183 educator and author Alexander's Adair
oV2YB9xRYPY-00921-00223184-00223561 balm 1816 to 1893 was a Polish Russian
oV2YB9xRYPY-00922-00223562-00223867 Jewish journalist he was founder and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00923-00223867-00224035 editor of harm Ella's and other
oV2YB9xRYPY-00924-00224036-00224244 periodicals published in Russian and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00925-00224246-00224614 Yiddish he wrote in Hebrew Avram begat
oV2YB9xRYPY-00926-00224615-00224992 loba 1811 to 1899 was a Jewish writer
oV2YB9xRYPY-00927-00224992-00225337 poet playwright historian journalist and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00928-00225338-00225658 educator he mostly wrote in Hebrew but
oV2YB9xRYPY-00929-00225659-00225921 also wrote poetry and dramas in Yiddish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00930-00225921-00226203 his first collection was published in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00931-00226204-00226864 1835 Dorothea von Schlegel 1764 to 1839
oV2YB9xRYPY-00932-00226865-00227050 was a linchpin of the German Jewish
oV2YB9xRYPY-00933-00227051-00227298 enlightenment a novelist and translator
oV2YB9xRYPY-00934-00227300-00227571 and a daughter of Moses Mendelssohn
oV2YB9xRYPY-00935-00227571-00228028 Eliezer dabla Berman 1820 to 1895 was a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00936-00228029-00228361 Russian Hebrew language writer Ephraim
oV2YB9xRYPY-00937-00228362-00228754 Denard 1846 to 1930 was one of the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00938-00228755-00229081 greatest Hebrew Bookmen of all time he
oV2YB9xRYPY-00939-00229082-00229167 was a bookseller
oV2YB9xRYPY-00940-00229169-00229441 bibliography publicist polemicist
oV2YB9xRYPY-00941-00229442-00229762 historian memoirist author editor and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00942-00229763-00230298 publisher on rillette hertz 1764 to 1847
oV2YB9xRYPY-00943-00230300-00230677 was a prussian jewish Salani heir isaac
oV2YB9xRYPY-00944-00230678-00231096 ben jacob ben jacob 1801 to 1863 was a
oV2YB9xRYPY-00945-00231098-00231294 russian bibliography author and
oV2YB9xRYPY-00946-00231296-00231616 publisher his parents moved to vilnius
oV2YB9xRYPY-00947-00231617-00231814 when he was still a child and there he
oV2YB9xRYPY-00948-00231815-00232006 received instruction in Hebrew grammar
oV2YB9xRYPY-00949-00232007-00232480 and rabbinical law Rahel von hagen 1771
oV2YB9xRYPY-00950-00232481-00232765 - 1833 was a writer in the most
oV2YB9xRYPY-00951-00232766-00233176 prominent female masculine salon yeah
oV2YB9xRYPY-00952-00233177-00233416 Isak bar Levinson noted in the Haskalah
oV2YB9xRYPY-00953-00233417-00233927 article
oV2YB9xRYPY-00954-00233928-00234496 topic see also
oV2YB9xRYPY-00955-00234498-00234902 Hebrew literature Wissenschaft des Juden
oV2YB9xRYPY-00956-00234903-00235487 terms Moses Mendelssohn 1729 to 1786 was
oV2YB9xRYPY-00957-00235488-00235700 a German Jewish philosopher although not
oV2YB9xRYPY-00958-00235701-00235948 a Maskull his ideas strongly influenced
oV2YB9xRYPY-00959-00235950-00236392 the Haskalah Jerusalem a 1783 book by
oV2YB9xRYPY-00960-00236394-00236762 Moses Mendelssohn Berdichev a city in
oV2YB9xRYPY-00961-00236763-00236981 northern Ukraine was a hotbed of mass
oV2YB9xRYPY-00962-00236982-00237250 college thought in the 19th century
oV2YB9xRYPY-00963-00237251-00237784 Isaiah Berlin 1725 - 1799 was a German
oV2YB9xRYPY-00964-00237785-00237982 Talmudic who strongly opposed the
oV2YB9xRYPY-00965-00237983-00238192 masculine
oV2YB9xRYPY-00966-00238192-00238552 equals equals notes
oZfgOm0A3uk-00000-00000017-00000274 the US Energy Information Administration
oZfgOm0A3uk-00001-00000275-00000584 air is a principal agency of the US
oZfgOm0A3uk-00002-00000585-00000811 Federal Statistical system responsible
oZfgOm0A3uk-00003-00000813-00000974 for collecting analyzing and
oZfgOm0A3uk-00004-00000975-00001181 disseminating energy information to
oZfgOm0A3uk-00005-00001182-00001394 promote sound policy making efficient
oZfgOm0A3uk-00006-00001395-00001591 markets and public understanding of
oZfgOm0A3uk-00007-00001592-00001763 energy in its interaction with the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00008-00001764-00002068 economy in the environment air programs
oZfgOm0A3uk-00009-00002069-00002339 cover data on coal petroleum natural gas
oZfgOm0A3uk-00010-00002340-00002605 electric renewable and nuclear energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00011-00002606-00002917 air is part of the US Department of
oZfgOm0A3uk-00012-00002918-00003459 Energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00013-00003460-00004134 topic background' the Department of
oZfgOm0A3uk-00014-00004135-00004416 Energy organization Act of 1977
oZfgOm0A3uk-00015-00004417-00004614 established air is the primary federal
oZfgOm0A3uk-00016-00004615-00004795 government authority on energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00017-00004796-00005013 statistics and analysis building upon
oZfgOm0A3uk-00018-00005014-00005206 systems and organizations first
oZfgOm0A3uk-00019-00005207-00005484 established in 1974 following the oil
oZfgOm0A3uk-00020-00005485-00005925 market disruption of 1973 air conducts a
oZfgOm0A3uk-00021-00005926-00006135 comprehensive data collection program
oZfgOm0A3uk-00022-00006136-00006327 that covers the full spectrum of energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00023-00006328-00006552 sources end-users and energy flows
oZfgOm0A3uk-00024-00006553-00006789 generate short and long term domestic
oZfgOm0A3uk-00025-00006790-00006996 and international energy projections and
oZfgOm0A3uk-00026-00006997-00007251 performs informative energy analyses
oZfgOm0A3uk-00027-00007252-00007555 they are disseminates its data products
oZfgOm0A3uk-00028-00007556-00007819 analyses reports and services to
oZfgOm0A3uk-00029-00007820-00008016 customers and stakeholders primarily
oZfgOm0A3uk-00030-00008017-00008196 through its website and the customer
oZfgOm0A3uk-00031-00008197-00008577 contact center located in Washington DC
oZfgOm0A3uk-00032-00008578-00008935 area has about 325 federal employees in
oZfgOm0A3uk-00033-00008936-00009216 a budget of 122 million dollars in
oZfgOm0A3uk-00034-00009217-00009920 fiscal year 2017
oZfgOm0A3uk-00035-00009921-00010499 topic independence
oZfgOm0A3uk-00036-00010500-00010778 by law AIAS products are prepared
oZfgOm0A3uk-00037-00010779-00011056 independently of policy considerations a
oZfgOm0A3uk-00038-00011057-00011342 anouther formulates nor advocates any
oZfgOm0A3uk-00039-00011343-00011612 policy conclusions the Department of
oZfgOm0A3uk-00040-00011613-00011843 Energy organization Act allows EIA s
oZfgOm0A3uk-00041-00011844-00012071 processes and products to be independent
oZfgOm0A3uk-00042-00012072-00012239 from review by executive branch
oZfgOm0A3uk-00043-00012240-00012587 officials specifically section 205 D
oZfgOm0A3uk-00044-00012588-00012910 says the administrator shall not be
oZfgOm0A3uk-00045-00012911-00013088 required to obtain the approval of any
oZfgOm0A3uk-00046-00013088-00013256 other officer or employee of the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00047-00013257-00013406 department in connection with the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00048-00013407-00013562 collection or analysis of any
oZfgOm0A3uk-00049-00013563-00013772 information nor shall the administrator
oZfgOm0A3uk-00050-00013772-00014009 be required prior to publication to
oZfgOm0A3uk-00051-00014010-00014213 obtain the approval of any other officer
oZfgOm0A3uk-00052-00014213-00014411 or employee of the United States with
oZfgOm0A3uk-00053-00014412-00014569 respect to the substance of any
oZfgOm0A3uk-00054-00014570-00014786 statistical or forecasting technical
oZfgOm0A3uk-00055-00014787-00014944 reports which he has prepared in
oZfgOm0A3uk-00056-00014945-00015569 accordance with law
oZfgOm0A3uk-00057-00015570-00016119 topic products
oZfgOm0A3uk-00058-00016120-00016386 more than 2 million people used the EIA
oZfgOm0A3uk-00059-00016387-00016692 information online each month some of
oZfgOm0A3uk-00060-00016693-00017022 the EIA s products include general
oZfgOm0A3uk-00061-00017023-00017317 interest Energy Information energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00062-00017318-00017542 explained energy information written for
oZfgOm0A3uk-00063-00017543-00017789 a general non-technical audience a
oZfgOm0A3uk-00064-00017790-00018039 non-partisan guide to the entire range
oZfgOm0A3uk-00065-00018040-00018247 of energy topics from biodiesel to
oZfgOm0A3uk-00066-00018248-00018630 uranium energy kids educate students
oZfgOm0A3uk-00067-00018631-00018892 citizens and even policymakers and
oZfgOm0A3uk-00068-00018893-00019233 journalists about energy energy glossary
oZfgOm0A3uk-00069-00019234-00019461 common energy terms defined in plain
oZfgOm0A3uk-00070-00019462-00019962 language timely analysis today in energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00071-00019963-00020178 informative content published every
oZfgOm0A3uk-00072-00020179-00020392 weekday that includes a graph or map and
oZfgOm0A3uk-00073-00020393-00020586 a short timely story written in plain
oZfgOm0A3uk-00074-00020587-00020761 language that highlights current energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00075-00020762-00021172 issues topics and data trends this week
oZfgOm0A3uk-00076-00021173-00021367 in petroleum weekly summary an
oZfgOm0A3uk-00077-00021368-00021586 explanation of events in United States
oZfgOm0A3uk-00078-00021587-00021808 and well petroleum markets including
oZfgOm0A3uk-00079-00021809-00022171 weekly data natural gas weekly update
oZfgOm0A3uk-00080-00022172-00022405 weekly summary and discussion of events
oZfgOm0A3uk-00081-00022406-00022689 and trends in US natural gas markets
oZfgOm0A3uk-00082-00022690-00023074 data and surveys gasoline and diesel
oZfgOm0A3uk-00083-00023075-00023343 fuel update weekly price data for US
oZfgOm0A3uk-00084-00023344-00023689 national and regional averages monthly
oZfgOm0A3uk-00085-00023690-00023905 energy review provides statistics on
oZfgOm0A3uk-00086-00023906-00024118 monthly and annual US energy consumption
oZfgOm0A3uk-00087-00024119-00024508 going back in some cases to 1949 the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00088-00024509-00024681 figures are given in units of quads
oZfgOm0A3uk-00089-00024682-00025036 quadrillion btus annual energy review
oZfgOm0A3uk-00090-00025037-00025290 key is primary report of historical
oZfgOm0A3uk-00091-00025291-00025624 annual energy statistics for many series
oZfgOm0A3uk-00092-00025625-00025987 data begin with the year 1949 this
oZfgOm0A3uk-00093-00025988-00026175 report has been superseded by the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00094-00026176-00026364 monthly energy review and was not
oZfgOm0A3uk-00095-00026365-00026712 produced for 2012 country energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00096-00026713-00026970 profiles data by country region and
oZfgOm0A3uk-00097-00026972-00027145 commercial group oacd
oZfgOm0A3uk-00098-00027145-00027454 OPEC for 219 countries with additional
oZfgOm0A3uk-00099-00027455-00027783 country analysis notes 487 of these
oZfgOm0A3uk-00100-00027783-00028095 country analysis briefs he is in-depth
oZfgOm0A3uk-00101-00028097-00028252 analyses of energy production
oZfgOm0A3uk-00102-00028252-00028590 consumption imports and exports 436
oZfgOm0A3uk-00103-00028591-00028869 individual countries and regions
oZfgOm0A3uk-00104-00028870-00029179 residential energy consumption survey is
oZfgOm0A3uk-00105-00029180-00029404 comprehensive survey an analysis of
oZfgOm0A3uk-00106-00029405-00029506 residential energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00107-00029507-00029686 consumption household characteristics
oZfgOm0A3uk-00108-00029687-00030061 and appliance saturation commercial
oZfgOm0A3uk-00109-00030062-00030274 buildings energy consumption survey a
oZfgOm0A3uk-00110-00030275-00030481 national sample survey that collects
oZfgOm0A3uk-00111-00030482-00030643 information on the stock of US
oZfgOm0A3uk-00112-00030644-00030832 commercial buildings including their
oZfgOm0A3uk-00113-00030833-00031045 energy related building characteristics
oZfgOm0A3uk-00114-00031045-00031276 and energy usage data consumption and
oZfgOm0A3uk-00115-00031277-00031680 expenditures projections and outlooks
oZfgOm0A3uk-00116-00031681-00031918 short-term energy outlook energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00117-00031919-00032197 projections for the next 13 to 24 months
oZfgOm0A3uk-00118-00032198-00032533 updated monthly annual energy outlook
oZfgOm0A3uk-00119-00032533-00032794 projection and analysis of US energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00120-00032795-00033082 supply demand and prices through 2040
oZfgOm0A3uk-00121-00033083-00033319 based on ein a tional energy modeling
oZfgOm0A3uk-00122-00033320-00033598 system projections are currently based
oZfgOm0A3uk-00123-00033599-00033802 on existing legislation without
oZfgOm0A3uk-00124-00033803-00034003 assumption of any future congressional
oZfgOm0A3uk-00125-00034004-00034297 action or technological advancement in
oZfgOm0A3uk-00126-00034298-00034411 2015
oZfgOm0A3uk-00127-00034412-00034630 AIA has been criticized by the advanced
oZfgOm0A3uk-00128-00034631-00034888 energy economy AEE Institute after its
oZfgOm0A3uk-00129-00034889-00035166 release of the AEO 2015 report to
oZfgOm0A3uk-00130-00035167-00035404 consistently underestimate the growth
oZfgOm0A3uk-00131-00035405-00035649 rate of renewable energy leading to
oZfgOm0A3uk-00132-00035650-00035887 misperceptions about the performance of
oZfgOm0A3uk-00133-00035888-00036280 these resources in the marketplace AEE
oZfgOm0A3uk-00134-00036281-00036445 points out that the average power
oZfgOm0A3uk-00135-00036446-00036706 purchase agreement PPA for wind power
oZfgOm0A3uk-00136-00036707-00037003 was already at $24 per megawatt hour in
oZfgOm0A3uk-00137-00037004-00037390 2013 likewise PPA for utility scale
oZfgOm0A3uk-00138-00037391-00037654 solar PV are seen at current levels of
oZfgOm0A3uk-00139-00037655-00037969 $50 to $75 per megawatt hour
oZfgOm0A3uk-00140-00037970-00038218 these figures contrasts strongly with
oZfgOm0A3uk-00141-00038219-00038659 EIA estimated LCOE of $125 per megawatt
oZfgOm0A3uk-00142-00038660-00038932 hour or 114 dollars per megawatt hour
oZfgOm0A3uk-00143-00038933-00039288 including subsidies for solar PV in 2020
oZfgOm0A3uk-00144-00039289-00039583 this criticism has been repeated every
oZfgOm0A3uk-00145-00039584-00039889 year since International Energy Outlook
oZfgOm0A3uk-00146-00039890-00040150 key is assessment of the outlook for
oZfgOm0A3uk-00147-00040151-00040333 international energy markets through
oZfgOm0A3uk-00148-00040334-00040948 2040
oZfgOm0A3uk-00149-00040949-00041626 topic legislation the Federal Energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00150-00041627-00041958 administration Act of 1974 created the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00151-00041959-00042193 Federal Energy administration for the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00152-00042194-00042436 first US agency with the primary focus
oZfgOm0A3uk-00153-00042437-00042624 on energy and mandated it to collect
oZfgOm0A3uk-00154-00042625-00042886 assemble evaluate and analyze energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00155-00042887-00043186 information it also provided the far
oZfgOm0A3uk-00156-00043187-00043360 with data collection enforcement
oZfgOm0A3uk-00157-00043361-00043564 authority for gathering data from energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00158-00043565-00043842 producing and major consuming firms
oZfgOm0A3uk-00159-00043843-00044133 section 52 of the Farr Act mandated
oZfgOm0A3uk-00160-00044134-00044308 establishment of the National Energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00161-00044309-00044542 information system to contain such
oZfgOm0A3uk-00162-00044543-00044746 energy information as is necessary to
oZfgOm0A3uk-00163-00044747-00044977 carry out the administration statistical
oZfgOm0A3uk-00164-00044978-00045268 and forecasting activities the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00165-00045269-00045512 Department of Energy organization Act of
oZfgOm0A3uk-00166-00045513-00045933 1977 public law 95 to 91 created the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00167-00045934-00046324 Department of Energy section 205 of this
oZfgOm0A3uk-00168-00046325-00046480 law established the Energy Information
oZfgOm0A3uk-00169-00046481-00046717 Administration area as the primary
oZfgOm0A3uk-00170-00046718-00046933 federal government authority on energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00171-00046934-00047258 statistics and analysis to carry out a
oZfgOm0A3uk-00172-00047259-00047554 central comprehensive and unified energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00173-00047555-00047779 data and information program which will
oZfgOm0A3uk-00174-00047780-00048037 collect evaluate assemble analyze and
oZfgOm0A3uk-00175-00048038-00048240 disseminate data and information which
oZfgOm0A3uk-00176-00048241-00048436 is relevant to energy resource reserves
oZfgOm0A3uk-00177-00048437-00048706 energy production demand and technology
oZfgOm0A3uk-00178-00048707-00048880 and related economic and statistical
oZfgOm0A3uk-00179-00048881-00049120 information or which is relevant to the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00180-00049121-00049320 adequacy of energy resources to meet
oZfgOm0A3uk-00181-00049321-00049474 demands in the near and longer-term
oZfgOm0A3uk-00182-00049475-00049693 future for the nation's economic and
oZfgOm0A3uk-00183-00049694-00049918 social needs the same law established
oZfgOm0A3uk-00184-00049919-00050127 the DIA s processes and products are
oZfgOm0A3uk-00185-00050128-00050335 independent from review by executive
oZfgOm0A3uk-00186-00050336-00050674 branch officials the majority of AR
oZfgOm0A3uk-00187-00050675-00050871 energy data surveys are based on the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00188-00050872-00051177 general mandate set forth above however
oZfgOm0A3uk-00189-00051178-00051379 there are some surveys specifically
oZfgOm0A3uk-00190-00051379-00051732 mandated by law including a a 28
oZfgOm0A3uk-00191-00051733-00052104 financial reporting system section 205 H
oZfgOm0A3uk-00192-00052105-00052554 of the DOE organization Act ar160 5 and
oZfgOm0A3uk-00193-00052555-00052834 1 605 ez voluntary reporting of
oZfgOm0A3uk-00194-00052835-00053151 greenhouse gases section 1605 B of the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00195-00053152-00053559 Energy Policy Act of 1992 AR 8
oZfgOm0A3uk-00196-00053560-00053884 186 annual survey of alternative fueled
oZfgOm0A3uk-00197-00053885-00054202 vehicle suppliers and users section 503
oZfgOm0A3uk-00198-00054203-00054663 P of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 AR
oZfgOm0A3uk-00199-00054664-00054997 858 uranium marketing annual survey
oZfgOm0A3uk-00200-00054998-00055288 section 1015 of the Energy Policy Act of
oZfgOm0A3uk-00201-00055289-00055849 1992 ew8 4:6 AC manufacturing energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00202-00055850-00056188 consumption survey section 205 I of the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00203-00056189-00056416 DOE organization Act the Act calls for a
oZfgOm0A3uk-00204-00056416-00056524 biennial survey
oZfgOm0A3uk-00205-00056525-00056746 however this survey is done quadrennial
oZfgOm0A3uk-00206-00056747-00057145 II due to resource constraints EW a 4 5
oZfgOm0A3uk-00207-00057146-00057421 7 AG residential energy consumption
oZfgOm0A3uk-00208-00057422-00057717 survey section 205 K of the DOE
oZfgOm0A3uk-00209-00057719-00057925 organization Act the Act calls for a
oZfgOm0A3uk-00210-00057926-00058039 triennial survey
oZfgOm0A3uk-00211-00058040-00058261 however this survey is done quadrennial
oZfgOm0A3uk-00212-00058262-00058666 II due to resource constraints III 8 7 1
oZfgOm0A3uk-00213-00058666-00058876 AF commercial buildings energy
oZfgOm0A3uk-00214-00058877-00059221 consumption survey section 205 K of the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00215-00059222-00059446 DOE organization Act the Act calls for a
oZfgOm0A3uk-00216-00059447-00059691 triennial survey however this survey is
oZfgOm0A3uk-00217-00059692-00059857 done quadrennial II due to resource
oZfgOm0A3uk-00218-00059858-00060301 constraints petroleum marketing surveys
oZfgOm0A3uk-00219-00060302-00060658 section 507 of Part A of Title V of the
oZfgOm0A3uk-00220-00060659-00060879 Energy Policy and Conservation Act of
oZfgOm0A3uk-00221-00060879-00061155 1975 broadly directs air to collect
oZfgOm0A3uk-00222-00061157-00061375 information on the pricing supply and
oZfgOm0A3uk-00223-00061376-00061585 distribution of petroleum product by
oZfgOm0A3uk-00224-00061586-00061755 product category at the wholesale and
oZfgOm0A3uk-00225-00061757-00062016 retail levels on a state-by-state basis
oZfgOm0A3uk-00226-00062017-00062236 which was collected as of September 1st
oZfgOm0A3uk-00227-00062237-00062437 1981 by the Energy Information
oZfgOm0A3uk-00228-00062438-00062695 Administration
odh_CGv80EU-00000-00000039-00000335 some 13 000 migrants mainly from
odh_CGv80EU-00001-00000336-00000582 africa have landed in italy so far this
odh_CGv80EU-00002-00000583-00000655 year
odh_CGv80EU-00003-00000656-00000823 three times the number from the same
odh_CGv80EU-00004-00000824-00000991 period in 2020.
odh_CGv80EU-00005-00000992-00001223 the struggle for migrants does not end
odh_CGv80EU-00006-00001224-00001431 when they reach european shores
odh_CGv80EU-00007-00001432-00001671 our senior producer adam rainey reports
odh_CGv80EU-00008-00001672-00001839 from southern italy on
odh_CGv80EU-00009-00001839-00002110 how amid the pandemic migrant farm
odh_CGv80EU-00010-00002111-00002167 workers
odh_CGv80EU-00011-00002168-00002375 are fighting for visibility and better
odh_CGv80EU-00012-00002376-00002726 working conditions
odh_CGv80EU-00013-00002727-00003047 after working 13 years in italy's fields
odh_CGv80EU-00014-00003048-00003279 this is what nigerian farm worker rita
odh_CGv80EU-00015-00003279-00003486 godwin has to show for it
odh_CGv80EU-00016-00003488-00003735 a one-room shack and a rural slum in
odh_CGv80EU-00017-00003736-00003847 southern italy
odh_CGv80EU-00018-00003847-00004111 there's no running water electricity or
odh_CGv80EU-00019-00004112-00004303 trash removal
odh_CGv80EU-00020-00004304-00004559 and after fetching water she treats it
odh_CGv80EU-00021-00004560-00004719 by boiling it with herbs
odh_CGv80EU-00022-00004720-00004927 we don't do this we fall sick every
odh_CGv80EU-00023-00004928-00005118 bless a day so we boil it
odh_CGv80EU-00024-00005119-00005375 we drink it so that we don't fall sick
odh_CGv80EU-00025-00005376-00005479 in 2008
odh_CGv80EU-00026-00005480-00005679 rita made the risky sea crossing to
odh_CGv80EU-00027-00005680-00005918 italy she left two children behind
odh_CGv80EU-00028-00005919-00006167 and sends money when she can working in
odh_CGv80EU-00029-00006168-00006327 the fields leaves her little for
odh_CGv80EU-00030-00006328-00006463 anything else
odh_CGv80EU-00031-00006464-00006775 do you feel stuck here yes because
odh_CGv80EU-00032-00006776-00006967 you know in my country i have never
odh_CGv80EU-00033-00006968-00007175 lived in this kind of environment
odh_CGv80EU-00034-00007176-00007423 farm worker abdullah ismail came from
odh_CGv80EU-00035-00007423-00007478 ghana
odh_CGv80EU-00036-00007479-00007670 thinking life would be better in italy
odh_CGv80EU-00037-00007672-00007895 the country of his dreams of soccer
odh_CGv80EU-00038-00007895-00008231 food and fashion i always fish him
odh_CGv80EU-00039-00008232-00008535 when anybody is calling me outside i
odh_CGv80EU-00040-00008536-00008678 don't like video call
odh_CGv80EU-00041-00008679-00008839 because the place i'm living is very
odh_CGv80EU-00042-00008840-00008991 same for me to somewhere to see where
odh_CGv80EU-00043-00008992-00009078 i'm living
odh_CGv80EU-00044-00009079-00009271 there are more than 80 settlements like
odh_CGv80EU-00045-00009272-00009431 this across italy
odh_CGv80EU-00046-00009432-00009687 some 2000 people live in this camp alone
odh_CGv80EU-00047-00009688-00009871 and the people we spoke to here say they
odh_CGv80EU-00048-00009872-00009967 feel stuck
odh_CGv80EU-00049-00009968-00010183 because they don't have access to legal
odh_CGv80EU-00050-00010184-00010295 work documents
odh_CGv80EU-00051-00010296-00010455 which keeps them from getting better
odh_CGv80EU-00052-00010456-00010671 paying jobs and makes it very hard for
odh_CGv80EU-00053-00010672-00011038 them to afford a place of their own
odh_CGv80EU-00054-00011039-00011303 law another migrant sadio from senegal
odh_CGv80EU-00055-00011304-00011399 takes us on a tour
odh_CGv80EU-00056-00011400-00011606 of the shanty town or ghetto as they
odh_CGv80EU-00057-00011607-00011919 call it
odh_CGv80EU-00058-00011920-00012135 life here is inhumane this is not a
odh_CGv80EU-00059-00012136-00012223 humane life
odh_CGv80EU-00060-00012224-00012551 look around the truth is many people
odh_CGv80EU-00061-00012552-00012719 here live in extremely difficult
odh_CGv80EU-00062-00012720-00012983 conditions
odh_CGv80EU-00063-00012984-00013215 sadio told us most migrant farm workers
odh_CGv80EU-00064-00013216-00013486 only make around 35 euros a day
odh_CGv80EU-00065-00013487-00013671 and that's before paying a mafia
odh_CGv80EU-00066-00013672-00013863 middleman five to ten euros
odh_CGv80EU-00067-00013863-00014175 to secure work in the fields the fight
odh_CGv80EU-00068-00014176-00014207 for
odh_CGv80EU-00069-00014208-00014494 dignified legal work free from mafia
odh_CGv80EU-00070-00014495-00014575 control
odh_CGv80EU-00071-00014576-00014822 came to the fore in the pandemic last
odh_CGv80EU-00072-00014823-00014991 spring during italy's first strict
odh_CGv80EU-00073-00014991-00015079 lockdown
odh_CGv80EU-00074-00015080-00015263 farm workers were deemed essential
odh_CGv80EU-00075-00015263-00015391 workers
odh_CGv80EU-00076-00015391-00015591 but without work papers they had no
odh_CGv80EU-00077-00015591-00015791 documents to show police patrols
odh_CGv80EU-00078-00015791-00015966 enforcing the lockdown
odh_CGv80EU-00079-00015968-00016135 so they weren't allowed to leave the
odh_CGv80EU-00080-00016136-00016335 shanty towns to go out to work in the
odh_CGv80EU-00081-00016336-00016422 fields
odh_CGv80EU-00082-00016423-00016655 precisely at a time when italy needed
odh_CGv80EU-00083-00016656-00016935 more of them
odh_CGv80EU-00084-00016936-00017215 a charismatic leader abu bakar sumatra
odh_CGv80EU-00085-00017216-00017263 has led
odh_CGv80EU-00086-00017264-00017494 protests up and down italy throughout
odh_CGv80EU-00087-00017495-00017655 the pandemic
odh_CGv80EU-00088-00017656-00017911 a former farm worker from ivory coast he
odh_CGv80EU-00089-00017912-00018283 called attention to the self-proclaimed
odh_CGv80EU-00090-00018284-00018447 invisibles
odh_CGv80EU-00091-00018448-00018655 migrants toiling in the fields out of
odh_CGv80EU-00092-00018656-00019055 sight and out of mind to most italians
odh_CGv80EU-00093-00019056-00019294 race he says is clearly a factor in
odh_CGv80EU-00094-00019295-00019735 their treatment
odh_CGv80EU-00095-00019736-00019943 the workers are often paid a low wage
odh_CGv80EU-00096-00019944-00020207 based on the color of their skin
odh_CGv80EU-00097-00020208-00020463 or because the countries they came from
odh_CGv80EU-00098-00020464-00020630 it's the immigration laws that create
odh_CGv80EU-00099-00020631-00020807 this exploitative situation
odh_CGv80EU-00100-00020808-00020999 because work contracts are tied to
odh_CGv80EU-00101-00021000-00021127 resident permits
odh_CGv80EU-00102-00021128-00021327 if you refuse what they're offering you
odh_CGv80EU-00103-00021328-00021455 won't get a contract
odh_CGv80EU-00104-00021456-00021630 so workers are squeezed and have to
odh_CGv80EU-00105-00021631-00021886 accept the conditions
odh_CGv80EU-00106-00021887-00022167 savvy on social media sumo ordo led
odh_CGv80EU-00107-00022168-00022350 strikes and called for systemic
odh_CGv80EU-00108-00022351-00022614 change he communicates daily with
odh_CGv80EU-00109-00022615-00022950 hundreds of thousands of followers
odh_CGv80EU-00110-00022951-00023199 there are no rights there's no dignity
odh_CGv80EU-00111-00023200-00023430 they are just workers to be exploited
odh_CGv80EU-00112-00023431-00023735 to be enslaved migrants had the backing
odh_CGv80EU-00113-00023736-00023855 of pope francis
odh_CGv80EU-00114-00023856-00024086 and sumoto managed to meet then-prime
odh_CGv80EU-00115-00024087-00024350 minister giuseppe conte
odh_CGv80EU-00116-00024351-00024558 last may fearing food and labor
odh_CGv80EU-00117-00024559-00024655 shortages
odh_CGv80EU-00118-00024656-00024903 italy passed a law intended to legalize
odh_CGv80EU-00119-00024904-00025014 more than 200
odh_CGv80EU-00120-00025015-00025278 000 undocumented migrants offering them
odh_CGv80EU-00121-00025279-00025367 contracts
odh_CGv80EU-00122-00025368-00025631 or temporary work permits but the law
odh_CGv80EU-00123-00025632-00025862 was seen by many as a failure
odh_CGv80EU-00124-00025863-00026070 more than 85 percent of the people it
odh_CGv80EU-00125-00026072-00026311 benefited were domestic workers
odh_CGv80EU-00126-00026312-00026448 not farm workers
odh_CGv80EU-00127-00026449-00026639 [Music]
odh_CGv80EU-00128-00026639-00026879 tired of waiting for true reform some
odh_CGv80EU-00129-00026880-00026943 migrants
odh_CGv80EU-00130-00026944-00027151 are now taking a different route
odh_CGv80EU-00131-00027152-00027295 complete with a jingle
odh_CGv80EU-00132-00027295-00027567 one group ghetto out launched their own
odh_CGv80EU-00133-00027568-00027722 line of canned tomatoes
odh_CGv80EU-00134-00027723-00028111 [Music]
odh_CGv80EU-00135-00028112-00028343 a product that is at the root of italy's
odh_CGv80EU-00136-00028344-00028502 pasta based cuisine
odh_CGv80EU-00137-00028504-00028735 it's the first such italian product made
odh_CGv80EU-00138-00028736-00028935 by migrants themselves
odh_CGv80EU-00139-00028936-00029190 the name riacolto is a play on the words
odh_CGv80EU-00140-00029191-00029255 harvest
odh_CGv80EU-00141-00029256-00029502 and welcome the label also plays on the
odh_CGv80EU-00142-00029504-00029702 product's fair trade appeal
odh_CGv80EU-00143-00029704-00029935 a black hand holds the most traditional
odh_CGv80EU-00144-00029936-00030135 of italian foods a tomato
odh_CGv80EU-00145-00030136-00030439 above the phrase land of freedom a nod
odh_CGv80EU-00146-00030439-00030567 to the migrants feeling
odh_CGv80EU-00147-00030568-00030823 liberated after years of working in what
odh_CGv80EU-00148-00030824-00030911 many of them call
odh_CGv80EU-00149-00030912-00031246 slave-like conditions papa la tirfaye
odh_CGv80EU-00150-00031247-00031446 one of ghetto out's founders is from
odh_CGv80EU-00151-00031447-00031902 senegal
odh_CGv80EU-00152-00031903-00032127 you have to understand the story behind
odh_CGv80EU-00153-00032127-00032423 this product
odh_CGv80EU-00154-00032424-00032614 because our main goal was not just a can
odh_CGv80EU-00155-00032616-00032839 of tomatoes but to show that immigrants
odh_CGv80EU-00156-00032840-00033046 have arrived on the scene
odh_CGv80EU-00157-00033047-00033543 and should be seen in a different light
odh_CGv80EU-00158-00033544-00033751 says this is just the first of many
odh_CGv80EU-00159-00033752-00034143 migrant-led projects he hopes to launch
odh_CGv80EU-00160-00034144-00034367 so we took the reins ourselves we
odh_CGv80EU-00161-00034368-00034543 realized that only we could solve our
odh_CGv80EU-00162-00034544-00034623 problems
odh_CGv80EU-00163-00034624-00034935 working together with a vision in hand
odh_CGv80EU-00164-00034936-00035183 ghetto out needed a partner they found
odh_CGv80EU-00165-00035184-00035295 it in co-op
odh_CGv80EU-00166-00035296-00035543 a chain of cooperative supermarkets that
odh_CGv80EU-00167-00035544-00035695 agreed to sell the product
odh_CGv80EU-00168-00035696-00036039 across italy we would like it to become
odh_CGv80EU-00169-00036040-00036199 the model of tomorrow
odh_CGv80EU-00170-00036200-00036446 carmelo rolo is a regional president for
odh_CGv80EU-00171-00036447-00036815 the cooperative
odh_CGv80EU-00172-00036816-00036951 we're showing that immigrants are
odh_CGv80EU-00173-00036952-00037127 extraordinarily important for the life
odh_CGv80EU-00174-00037128-00037302 of a country
odh_CGv80EU-00175-00037303-00037471 so we stand up for the dignity of people
odh_CGv80EU-00176-00037472-00037807 who allow the country to grow
odh_CGv80EU-00177-00037808-00038030 this is an intrinsic value for co-op
odh_CGv80EU-00178-00038031-00038230 which sees them as the ideal players to
odh_CGv80EU-00179-00038231-00038607 shape their own future
odh_CGv80EU-00180-00038608-00038839 getaway has also built its own camp
odh_CGv80EU-00181-00038840-00039111 providing housing and services for 500
odh_CGv80EU-00182-00039112-00039174 migrants
odh_CGv80EU-00183-00039175-00039423 many of whom used to live in the slums
odh_CGv80EU-00184-00039424-00039511 they also help
odh_CGv80EU-00185-00039512-00039839 migrants secure residency permits
odh_CGv80EU-00186-00039840-00040095 ghetto out has had success working in
odh_CGv80EU-00187-00040096-00040190 the system
odh_CGv80EU-00188-00040191-00040455 receiving land use grants and funding
odh_CGv80EU-00189-00040456-00040607 from the regional government
odh_CGv80EU-00190-00040608-00040862 and the european union it's still a
odh_CGv80EU-00191-00040863-00040990 small niche though
odh_CGv80EU-00192-00040991-00041230 and it comes with a price their products
odh_CGv80EU-00193-00041231-00041439 might appeal to consumers ethics
odh_CGv80EU-00194-00041440-00041711 but not their pocketbooks ria culto is
odh_CGv80EU-00195-00041712-00041895 more than twice as expensive
odh_CGv80EU-00196-00041896-00042083 as many other canned tomatoes in the
odh_CGv80EU-00197-00042084-00042287 supermarket a hard sell
odh_CGv80EU-00198-00042288-00042567 in a deep recession italian food and
odh_CGv80EU-00199-00042568-00042646 agriculture
odh_CGv80EU-00200-00042647-00042911 is a 500 billion dollar business that
odh_CGv80EU-00201-00042912-00043087 brings italy's produce to the world's
odh_CGv80EU-00202-00043088-00043295 most refined tables
odh_CGv80EU-00203-00043296-00043518 it's also one of small profit margins
odh_CGv80EU-00204-00043519-00043695 with big supermarket chains
odh_CGv80EU-00205-00043696-00044030 squeezing costs to maximize profit
odh_CGv80EU-00206-00044031-00044262 the people who come up short are those
odh_CGv80EU-00207-00044263-00044351 at the bottom
odh_CGv80EU-00208-00044352-00044743 there is something changing migrants are
odh_CGv80EU-00209-00044744-00045030 speaking out fabio chiconte is the
odh_CGv80EU-00210-00045031-00045118 director of
odh_CGv80EU-00211-00045119-00045374 terra a non-profit focused on
odh_CGv80EU-00212-00045375-00045462 agribusiness
odh_CGv80EU-00213-00045463-00045767 and environmental issues chiconte sees
odh_CGv80EU-00214-00045768-00045943 some positive signs
odh_CGv80EU-00215-00045944-00046327 if we combine the fights of the migrants
odh_CGv80EU-00216-00046328-00046502 with the fight for a
odh_CGv80EU-00217-00046503-00046886 ethical supply chain i think we can win
odh_CGv80EU-00218-00046887-00047199 the fight for for justice
odh_CGv80EU-00219-00047200-00047407 leaders like abu bakar sumuaro
odh_CGv80EU-00220-00047408-00047655 acknowledge they have a long way to go
odh_CGv80EU-00221-00047656-00047855 but say they have forced italy to
odh_CGv80EU-00222-00047856-00048030 finally confront racism
odh_CGv80EU-00223-00048031-00048430 and injustice in the fields
odh_CGv80EU-00224-00048431-00048615 if today italy is talking about the
odh_CGv80EU-00225-00048616-00048774 conditions of the farm workers
odh_CGv80EU-00226-00048775-00048974 it's because we have forced it on the
odh_CGv80EU-00227-00048975-00049111 country's agenda
odh_CGv80EU-00228-00049112-00049455 no one has given us anything a year into
odh_CGv80EU-00229-00049456-00049551 the pandemic
odh_CGv80EU-00230-00049552-00049830 migrants are paving the way yet as
odh_CGv80EU-00231-00049831-00050015 harvest season approaches
odh_CGv80EU-00232-00050016-00050295 rita's slum keeps growing making space
odh_CGv80EU-00233-00050296-00050399 for migrants
odh_CGv80EU-00234-00050400-00050702 with few other places to go for the pbs
odh_CGv80EU-00235-00050703-00050767 newshour
odh_CGv80EU-00236-00050768-00052190 i'm adam rainey in puglia italy
odh_CGv80EU-00237-00052191-00052400 you
og3ZwkBOAdI-00001-00006289-00007406 all right
og3ZwkBOAdI-00002-00007406-00007620 [Music]
og3ZwkBOAdI-00003-00007622-00009060 going together
og3ZwkBOAdI-00004-00009061-00009353 no more
og3ZwkBOAdI-00005-00009354-00010910 forever
og3ZwkBOAdI-00006-00010911-00012277 [Music]
og3ZwkBOAdI-00007-00012278-00014244 what's up
og3ZwkBOAdI-00009-00017462-00019279 thank you
og3ZwkBOAdI-00010-00019280-00019571 look for the Gummy Bear album with lots
og3ZwkBOAdI-00011-00019572-00021030 of music videos and Extras
og3ZwkBOAdI-00012-00021031-00021322 look for the gummy bear with lots of
og3ZwkBOAdI-00013-00021323-00024017 music videos and Extras
og3ZwkBOAdI-00016-00031927-00032227 thank you
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00000-00000024-00000399 hey guys uh you know that tab glitch
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00001-00000400-00000671 with tabik plus i talked about
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00002-00000672-00000902 in an older video
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00003-00000903-00001343 well um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00004-00001344-00001574 uh now i'm back
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00005-00001575-00001902 and it's happened again but this time i
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00006-00001903-00002079 cut it
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00007-00002080-00002207 um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00008-00002208-00002326 i'm probably not going to edit this
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00009-00002327-00002455 video
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00010-00002456-00002591 so we'll come
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00011-00002592-00002807 uh so a lot of videos after this will
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00012-00002808-00003279 probably actually be um older than it
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00013-00003279-00003575 was i want to get this out quickly but
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00014-00003576-00004079 i mean
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00015-00004079-00004511 let me see what that video is i mean
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00016-00004512-00004622 it's just
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00017-00004623-00004775 really
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00018-00004776-00004983 annoying i mean
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00019-00004984-00005327 it's how can it happen again i mean
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00020-00005328-00005631 actually i think the other video
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00021-00005632-00005879 uh rendered um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00022-00005880-00006159 the entire uh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00023-00006160-00006383 firefox unusable
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00024-00006384-00006598 but um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00025-00006600-00006667 it
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00026-00006668-00007151 seems to um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00027-00007152-00007455 be usable at least
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00028-00007456-00007670 you remember the tablets right now all i
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00029-00007672-00007831 remember is that it was a very popular
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00030-00007831-00008055 video for no reason
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00031-00008056-00008342 so this time there'll be a real reason
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00032-00008343-00008846 to um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00033-00008847-00009527 uh do what do it oh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00034-00009528-00009742 i'm just taking all my ram and i've
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00035-00009743-00009927 removed five it's not like in satellite
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00036-00009928-00011199 indexing
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00037-00011200-00011438 since i've cleared like four four
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00038-00011439-00011751 gigabytes it's facing my disc
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00039-00011752-00011927 which is uh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00040-00011928-00012206 pretty insane
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00041-00012207-00012359 i mean
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00042-00012360-00012614 we'll scratch firefox or what
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00043-00012615-00012951 why do i have two close buttons
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00044-00012952-00013046 i mean
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00045-00013047-00013215 why has this
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00046-00013216-00013391 happened
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00047-00013391-00013519 again
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00048-00013519-00013903 for the second time
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00049-00013904-00014135 i won't you review your add-on before
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00050-00014136-00014238 you say
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00051-00014240-00014815 oh it's compatible with the firefox 36
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00052-00014816-00014951 um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00053-00014952-00015158 now firefox i'm using firefox developer
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00054-00015159-00015366 editions of firefox
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00055-00015368-00016063 beta
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00056-00016063-00016558 crimson phoenix
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00057-00016559-00017015 what the heck
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00058-00017016-00017167 oh oh well
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00059-00017168-00017367 you've gotten
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00060-00017368-00018079 white well i'm not that uh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00061-00018080-00019127 no where's my video
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00062-00019128-00019279 where is it
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00063-00019280-00019439 huh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00064-00019440-00019622 she don't have very many videos i think
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00065-00019623-00019958 i've made this many videos
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00066-00019959-00020647 since the last time i uploaded
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00067-00020648-00021383 wait there's no point in doing this
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00068-00021384-00021527 in this video i'm pretty sure it was
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00069-00021528-00021735 completely unusable but
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00070-00021736-00021855 here um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00071-00021856-00022103 it's not that much um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00072-00022104-00022367 i guess maybe i should check it out
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00073-00022368-00022543 because i want more view iteration than
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00074-00022544-00022703 this like this only on average like one
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00075-00022704-00022983 minute view duration
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00076-00022984-00023063 uh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00077-00023064-00023486 so um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00078-00023487-00023727 now i don't have the close buttons on my
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00079-00023728-00024119 other tabs like i used to
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00080-00024120-00024678 which will definitely be annoying uh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00081-00024679-00024886 i uh in this video i'm going to see how
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00082-00024887-00025007 to fix it
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00083-00025008-00025230 um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00084-00025231-00025422 that russet seems to be working fine
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00085-00025423-00025631 just seems to be uh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00086-00025632-00026111 the tabs are doing it um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00087-00026112-00026535 maybe uh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00088-00026536-00026774 maybe it's like
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00089-00026775-00026887 classic
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00090-00026888-00027502 theme restore um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00091-00027504-00027887 there's top mix plus
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00092-00027888-00028343 um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00093-00028344-00028727 let's try to fix this
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00094-00028727-00029031 um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00095-00029032-00029295 yeah i don't see anything
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00096-00029295-00029431 that does it
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00097-00029432-00029774 uh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00098-00029775-00029879 so
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00099-00029880-00030031 what i'm guessing is that it's in
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00100-00030032-00030287 preferences
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00101-00030288-00030431 look at the new preference page it's
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00102-00030432-00030567 awesome
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00103-00030568-00030702 is that a really cool theme i'm going to
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00104-00030703-00030983 make a review on firefox 12
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00105-00030983-00031590 when i uh get my um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00106-00031591-00031790 i think that's broken uh when i get my
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00107-00031791-00031918 uh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00108-00031919-00032118 editor that's a really new cool new
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00109-00032119-00032311 theme
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00110-00032312-00032479 what thinks the preferences look very
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00111-00032480-00032614 good
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00112-00032616-00033399 so uh anyway uh where is it where's tabs
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00113-00033400-00034255 um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00114-00034256-00034551 so
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00115-00034552-00035127 i have to keep this quick um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00116-00035128-00036639 display
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00117-00036640-00037046 see this all seems to work
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00118-00037047-00037367 but why are there
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00119-00037368-00037574 two uh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00120-00037575-00038023 um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00121-00038024-00038655 hmm
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00122-00038656-00038943 i guess that was the preference break so
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00123-00038944-00039302 um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00124-00039303-00039774 okay um
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00125-00039775-00040071 if that's the case then why can't i have
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00126-00040072-00040639 tab buttons all over the place uh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00127-00040640-00040743 closed
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00128-00040744-00042430 not available
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00129-00042431-00042983 so
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00130-00042984-00044830 uh
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00131-00044831-00045815 will not change anything
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00132-00045816-00046135 doesn't do anything
ojrgoNJ0QIk-00133-00046136-00046580 so as you see uh
okeS8rlH6xo-00000-00000244-00000590 put that back in your pants aren't you
okeS8rlH6xo-00001-00000591-00000974 prepared to be entertained by penny in
okeS8rlH6xo-00002-00000975-00001493 my rain it's almost been two months but
okeS8rlH6xo-00003-00001494-00001801 still what have you done in these two
okeS8rlH6xo-00004-00001802-00002165 months I've been fighting their fairy
okeS8rlH6xo-00005-00002166-00003226 summer of Canadia just take a look
okeS8rlH6xo-00006-00003227-00003650 what would a good avail be with Alice
okeS8rlH6xo-00007-00003651-00004034 mousse or hold it right there
okeS8rlH6xo-00008-00004035-00004316 jujube used to looking middle-aged man
okeS8rlH6xo-00009-00004317-00004798 China we've got a donut
okeS8rlH6xo-00010-00004799-00005868 [Music]
okeS8rlH6xo-00011-00005869-00008168 what's with the ugly shirt from its with
okeS8rlH6xo-00012-00008169-00010748 the earrin the war I'm the one selling
okeS8rlH6xo-00013-00010749-00011609 the virtues to dumb no the city doesn't
okeS8rlH6xo-00014-00011610-00011807 know what he's talking about
okeS8rlH6xo-00015-00011808-00013238 it's a great way you just tell them it's
okeS8rlH6xo-00016-00013238-00013411 CI excellent
okeS8rlH6xo-00017-00013412-00013826 it's about exede only expectation will
okeS8rlH6xo-00018-00013827-00014116 you're not yet experienced Dahlia you
okeS8rlH6xo-00019-00014118-00014402 you don't know anything it's stupid
okeS8rlH6xo-00020-00014403-00014629 this is over this
okeS8rlH6xo-00021-00014630-00014869 this is finished Abdoun now my good side
okeS8rlH6xo-00022-00014869-00015112 won this interview hey are you we're not
okeS8rlH6xo-00023-00015113-00015272 you first
okeS8rlH6xo-00024-00015272-00016299 [Music]
okeS8rlH6xo-00025-00016300-00016437 [Music]
okeS8rlH6xo-00026-00016438-00016902 hi yes we've got something to review
okeS8rlH6xo-00027-00016903-00017344 Phil what kind of delicious thing do you
okeS8rlH6xo-00028-00017345-00017652 have for us today
okeS8rlH6xo-00029-00017653-00019119 why yes it's first canned product to
okeS8rlH6xo-00030-00019120-00019668 review or prepared
okeS8rlH6xo-00031-00019669-00020871 Mario's chicken salad last lad parlez
okeS8rlH6xo-00032-00020872-00021150 [Music]
okeS8rlH6xo-00033-00021151-00022448 crackers it would seem it's time
okeS8rlH6xo-00034-00022449-00023789 [Music]
okeS8rlH6xo-00035-00023790-00025842 [Music]
okeS8rlH6xo-00036-00025843-00026612 [Music]
okeS8rlH6xo-00037-00026613-00027321 [Laughter]
okeS8rlH6xo-00038-00027322-00027887 no no marios chicken salad more like
okeS8rlH6xo-00039-00027888-00028290 [__] capsule ladies and gentlemen
okeS8rlH6xo-00040-00028291-00028517 we've hit a new low
okeS8rlH6xo-00041-00028518-00028874 this is not acceptable that this is this
okeS8rlH6xo-00042-00028875-00029389 is fake a [__] look this is like this
okeS8rlH6xo-00043-00029391-00029964 is oh no no no
okeS8rlH6xo-00044-00029964-00030174 [Music]
okeS8rlH6xo-00045-00030175-00030582 more more light miles go [__] yourself I
okeS8rlH6xo-00046-00030583-00031026 might have bought something else we've
okeS8rlH6xo-00047-00031027-00031193 got a few noodles
okeS8rlH6xo-00048-00031194-00031608 we've got known fried noodles what does
okeS8rlH6xo-00049-00031608-00032051 that mean why are these called non fried
okeS8rlH6xo-00050-00032052-00032255 [Music]
okeS8rlH6xo-00051-00032256-00032561 clearly not as bad as [__] Mario's
okeS8rlH6xo-00052-00032562-00033290 chicken side but this is non fried my
okeS8rlH6xo-00053-00033291-00033582 noodle special earned at frame is non
okeS8rlH6xo-00054-00033583-00034585 franc beef it's where the flavor is
okeS8rlH6xo-00055-00034586-00035501 [Music]
okeS8rlH6xo-00056-00035502-00035930 it's trash how many friends do you have
okeS8rlH6xo-00057-00035931-00036282 to eat before you make your skin turn
okeS8rlH6xo-00058-00036283-00036701 pink shrimp flavored dollar-store
okeS8rlH6xo-00059-00036702-00037335 noodles you wanted some [__] you wanted
okeS8rlH6xo-00060-00037336-00037658 some [__] this is gonna be some hot
okeS8rlH6xo-00061-00037659-00038123 garbage
okeS8rlH6xo-00062-00038124-00038332 [Music]
okeS8rlH6xo-00063-00038333-00040159 oh [__] oh [__] me
okeS8rlH6xo-00064-00040160-00041521 [Music]
okeS8rlH6xo-00065-00041522-00041880 [Music]
ol7DuvF7ovE-00000-00000039-00000231 hi everybody i want to show you how you
ol7DuvF7ovE-00001-00000231-00000335 can mute
ol7DuvF7ovE-00002-00000336-00000574 the pronto notifications for a specific
ol7DuvF7ovE-00003-00000575-00000790 course so sharon went and um
ol7DuvF7ovE-00004-00000791-00001007 wrote these out but for some reason i
ol7DuvF7ovE-00005-00001008-00001095 just have a hard time
ol7DuvF7ovE-00006-00001096-00001311 getting this so i was going to make a
ol7DuvF7ovE-00007-00001312-00001439 video for myself
ol7DuvF7ovE-00008-00001440-00001566 and for anyone else who might find this
ol7DuvF7ovE-00009-00001567-00001823 helpful so in the little pronto window
ol7DuvF7ovE-00010-00001823-00002039 if you expand if you click on this guy
ol7DuvF7ovE-00011-00002039-00002159 it expands it
ol7DuvF7ovE-00012-00002160-00002463 to a much bigger window with a few more
ol7DuvF7ovE-00013-00002464-00002799 menu options so go to the class that you
ol7DuvF7ovE-00014-00002800-00002839 want
ol7DuvF7ovE-00015-00002840-00003175 to turn off pronto notifications for so
ol7DuvF7ovE-00016-00003176-00003335 you would just click on whichever one it
ol7DuvF7ovE-00017-00003336-00003543 is here and then over
ol7DuvF7ovE-00018-00003544-00003719 here on the right side there's three
ol7DuvF7ovE-00019-00003720-00003951 dots hidden and hard to see if you ask
ol7DuvF7ovE-00020-00003952-00004054 me
ol7DuvF7ovE-00021-00004055-00004279 click on that and then you've got an
ol7DuvF7ovE-00022-00004280-00004470 option here that says notifications
ol7DuvF7ovE-00023-00004471-00004695 on the top a tab you can go ahead and
ol7DuvF7ovE-00024-00004696-00004911 mute them entirely for that course so
ol7DuvF7ovE-00025-00004912-00005063 now you'll no longer receive the
ol7DuvF7ovE-00026-00005064-00005238 notifications for that course or if you
ol7DuvF7ovE-00027-00005239-00005438 wanted to you could just snooze them
ol7DuvF7ovE-00028-00005439-00005759 for specific periods of time if it gets
ol7DuvF7ovE-00029-00005760-00005902 a little crazy and you just need to take
ol7DuvF7ovE-00030-00005903-00006015 a break from it
ol7DuvF7ovE-00031-00006016-00006183 but yeah that's how you turning them off
ol7DuvF7ovE-00032-00006184-00006327 entirely will just
ol7DuvF7ovE-00033-00006328-00006734 um you won't hear the audio um
ol7DuvF7ovE-00034-00006736-00006934 notification or see anything pop up on
ol7DuvF7ovE-00035-00006936-00007134 your screen the blue
ol7DuvF7ovE-00036-00007136-00007439 um number here on the left side
ol7DuvF7ovE-00037-00007440-00007703 that will you know increment as new
ol7DuvF7ovE-00038-00007704-00007855 messages come in but there won't be any
ol7DuvF7ovE-00039-00007856-00007974 other notification
ol7DuvF7ovE-00040-00007975-00008159 uh indicating that okay i hope that
ol7DuvF7ovE-00041-00008159-00008511 helps thanks for watching
olKbeCG278Y-00003-00040391-00041137 foreign
olKbeCG278Y-00011-00106576-00106783 no
pohWrRn2L5u-00000-00000139-00000388 I'm gonna speak a little bit more um
pohWrRn2L5u-00001-00000389-00000641 quieter this time because I do not wanna
pohWrRn2L5u-00002-00000642-00000973 make my neighbors a little angry because
pohWrRn2L5u-00003-00000974-00001166 yesterday they probably just heard me
pohWrRn2L5u-00004-00001167-00001970 screaming over the KMC oppos'd okay I'm
pohWrRn2L5u-00005-00001971-00002447 totally not mm-hmm LG and Missi both in
pohWrRn2L5u-00006-00002448-00002723 the same room as me and Gustavo oh my
pohWrRn2L5u-00007-00002724-00003331 god amazing Missy Missy si come on wake
pohWrRn2L5u-00008-00003332-00003820 up Missy Missy hello okay well I'm sorry
pohWrRn2L5u-00009-00003821-00004184 Missy who spa shot Junior yes whoa okay
pohWrRn2L5u-00010-00004185-00004418 listen you nearly killed me there water
pohWrRn2L5u-00011-00004419-00004702 you're so gooey and you're so green on
pohWrRn2L5u-00012-00004703-00004988 that stuff okay this one I just wanted
pohWrRn2L5u-00013-00004989-00005188 to touch it you know just want to have a
pohWrRn2L5u-00014-00005189-00005291 good feel of it
pohWrRn2L5u-00015-00005292-00005977 whoa okay please chill out with LG I
pohWrRn2L5u-00016-00005978-00006172 know you guys are like you know a cool
pohWrRn2L5u-00017-00006173-00006395 duo between each other I mean you know I
pohWrRn2L5u-00018-00006396-00006592 agree you guys are really good duo also
pohWrRn2L5u-00019-00006593-00006898 anime fans here that is 100% Vic how
pohWrRn2L5u-00020-00006900-00007106 could you say like see fit place for
pohWrRn2L5u-00021-00007106-00007373 died for it's the best game out there
pohWrRn2L5u-00022-00007373-00007601 like how could Vic not play for night
pohWrRn2L5u-00023-00007602-00007870 like bro listen for night play for a
pohWrRn2L5u-00024-00007872-00008102 hundred hours or more like Vic is
pohWrRn2L5u-00025-00008103-00008462 cultured in my opinion like I just
pohWrRn2L5u-00026-00008463-00008614 cannot be fake
pohWrRn2L5u-00027-00008615-00008927 okay nice nice I get up a wing thank you
pohWrRn2L5u-00028-00008928-00009106 thank you thank you thinking let me take
pohWrRn2L5u-00029-00009107-00009512 that oh ha ha ha guys guys guys it's
pohWrRn2L5u-00030-00009513-00009924 back it's Vic hey Vic how's it going I
pohWrRn2L5u-00031-00009925-00010192 I'm really happy to see you here listen
pohWrRn2L5u-00032-00010193-00010460 we could do this together right we could
pohWrRn2L5u-00033-00010461-00010637 be as a duo you know we could be a team
pohWrRn2L5u-00034-00010638-00010913 you know you and I like you're totally
pohWrRn2L5u-00035-00010914-00011108 like the legit baek beon I know that for
pohWrRn2L5u-00036-00011109-00011138 a fact
pohWrRn2L5u-00037-00011139-00011387 listen it has it has Vic in your name
pohWrRn2L5u-00038-00011388-00011594 like that's good enough already so you
pohWrRn2L5u-00039-00011595-00011741 ready to do some Sam run Vic
pohWrRn2L5u-00040-00011742-00012056 yes Fe I'm totally excited yes I'm happy
pohWrRn2L5u-00041-00012057-00012377 to hear that all right I
pohWrRn2L5u-00042-00012378-00013369 [Music]
pohWrRn2L5u-00043-00013370-00013710 actually still playing what's never
pohWrRn2L5u-00044-00013711-00014025 happened to me look at me I'm just gonna
pohWrRn2L5u-00045-00014026-00014229 wow I guess I really do not have any
pohWrRn2L5u-00046-00014230-00014472 friends Wow I guess no wonder why people
pohWrRn2L5u-00047-00014472-00014790 don't support me no BIC I got you thank
pohWrRn2L5u-00048-00014791-00015530 you ladies and gentlemen
pohWrRn2L5u-00049-00015531-00015822 we're playing Mario Galaxy as Luigi as
pohWrRn2L5u-00050-00015822-00016694 you know Tommy Gabriel ladies and
pohWrRn2L5u-00051-00016695-00016925 gentlemen oh shoot there's a pause on me
pohWrRn2L5u-00052-00016926-00017405 oh no oh no okay I'm gonna kill this
pohWrRn2L5u-00053-00017406-00017772 boss yeah I know he swears uh so I said
pohWrRn2L5u-00054-00017773-00018540 you'd hate me just being in a private
pohWrRn2L5u-00055-00018541-00018996 room happy just you know I'm trying to
pohWrRn2L5u-00056-00018997-00019146 get you with you okay are you good to
pohWrRn2L5u-00057-00019147-00019533 with me um I don't know about this one
pohWrRn2L5u-00058-00019534-00019925 cheap I think you switched over them the
pohWrRn2L5u-00059-00019926-00020208 T and the y I think you meant to place
pohWrRn2L5u-00060-00020209-00020381 that I think it meant to place the Y
pohWrRn2L5u-00061-00020382-00020750 before the tea maybe just you know
pohWrRn2L5u-00062-00020751-00020987 thanks that the me doesn't even look
pohWrRn2L5u-00063-00020988-00021206 similar to mines you know I was just
pohWrRn2L5u-00064-00021207-00021534 excited for class listen happy I hate
pohWrRn2L5u-00065-00021535-00021719 how you're just being quiet with me can
pohWrRn2L5u-00066-00021720-00021891 you just say something for once like
pohWrRn2L5u-00067-00021892-00022086 I've been talking to you for like some
pohWrRn2L5u-00068-00022087-00022305 time now like bro
pohWrRn2L5u-00069-00022306-00022472 I feel like people have played enough
pohWrRn2L5u-00070-00022473-00022719 for today
polkDEkNppy-00000-00000014-00000388 the 22d chemical battalion is a chemical
polkDEkNppy-00001-00000389-00000611 battalion of the United States Army
polkDEkNppy-00002-00000612-00000919 first organized on the 26th of November
polkDEkNppy-00003-00000919-00002242 1917 topic history organized the 26th of
polkDEkNppy-00004-00002243-00002555 November 1917 in the National Army at
polkDEkNppy-00005-00002556-00003075 Washington DC as Company C xxx engineers
polkDEkNppy-00006-00003076-00003361 converted and redesignate at the 13th of
polkDEkNppy-00007-00003363-00003686 July 1918 as Company C first gas
polkDEkNppy-00008-00003686-00004031 regiment demobilized the 28th of
polkDEkNppy-00009-00004032-00004325 February 1919 at Camp kendrick New
polkDEkNppy-00010-00004326-00004645 Jersey reconstituted the third of
polkDEkNppy-00011-00004646-00004916 February 1920 in the Regular Army as
polkDEkNppy-00012-00004917-00005152 company C first gas regiment and
polkDEkNppy-00013-00005153-00005497 organized at Edgewood Arsenal Maryland
polkDEkNppy-00014-00005498-00005779 reorganized and redesignate at the 13th
polkDEkNppy-00015-00005780-00006083 of July 1927 as the first Chemical
polkDEkNppy-00016-00006084-00006439 Company reorganized and redesignate at
polkDEkNppy-00017-00006440-00006706 the 1st of April 1931 as the first
polkDEkNppy-00018-00006708-00007042 separate chemical company reorganized
polkDEkNppy-00019-00007043-00007303 and redesignate at the 21st of March
polkDEkNppy-00020-00007304-00007681 1942 as the first chemical company
polkDEkNppy-00021-00007681-00008071 inactivated the 29th of May 1943 at Camp
polkDEkNppy-00022-00008072-00008410 Seibert Alabama activated the 10th of
polkDEkNppy-00023-00008411-00008806 March 1958 at Fort McClellan Alabama
polkDEkNppy-00024-00008807-00009203 redesignate at the 19th of May 1958 as
polkDEkNppy-00025-00009204-00009605 the 22d Chemical Company inactivated the
polkDEkNppy-00026-00009606-00010091 20th of July 1966 in Vietnam assigned
polkDEkNppy-00027-00010092-00010453 the 21st of September 1979 to the 3d
polkDEkNppy-00028-00010454-00010637 Armored Division and activated in
polkDEkNppy-00029-00010638-00010999 Germany inactivated the 15th of August
polkDEkNppy-00030-00011000-00011278 1992 in Germany and relieved from
polkDEkNppy-00031-00011279-00011556 assignment to the 3d Armored Division
polkDEkNppy-00032-00011557-00011956 redesignate at the 16th of October 2004
polkDEkNppy-00033-00011957-00012253 as the 22d Chemical Battalion technical
polkDEkNppy-00034-00012254-00012452 escort and activated at Aberdeen Proving
polkDEkNppy-00035-00012453-00013077 Ground Maryland
polkDEkNppy-00036-00013078-00013749 topic campaign participation World War
polkDEkNppy-00037-00013750-00013985 one straight me he'll meuse-argonne
polkDEkNppy-00038-00013986-00014480 Lorraine 1918 World War two American
polkDEkNppy-00039-00014481-00014753 theater streamer without inscription
polkDEkNppy-00040-00014754-00014980 Vietnam counter-offensive
polkDEkNppy-00041-00014981-00015336 counter-offensive phase to Southwest
polkDEkNppy-00042-00015337-00015633 Asia defense of Saudi Arabia liberation
polkDEkNppy-00043-00015634-00015993 and defense of Kuwait ceasefire war on
polkDEkNppy-00044-00015994-00016634 terrorism campaigns to be determined
polkDEkNppy-00045-00016635-00017319 topic decorations Meritorious Unit
polkDEkNppy-00046-00017320-00017619 Commendation army streamer embroidered
polkDEkNppy-00047-00017620-00018138 Southwest Asia 1990-1991 Meritorious
polkDEkNppy-00048-00018139-00018369 Unit Commendation army streamer
polkDEkNppy-00049-00018370-00018918 embroidered Iraq 2005 2006
poxOZerA2GI-00000-00000776-00001491 [Music]
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poxOZerA2GI-00006-00005269-00005783 [Applause]
poxOZerA2GI-00007-00005784-00008483 a
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poxOZerA2GI-00012-00016648-00016856 you
p1qzojNKVdu-00000-00000035-00000371 Prince gergan the first georgian gergan
p1qzojNKVdu-00001-00000372-00000815 died 923 was a georgian royal prince of
p1qzojNKVdu-00002-00000816-00001087 the bag ratio need dynasty of Dal RJD
p1qzojNKVdu-00003-00001088-00001439 branch he was a son of Prince bagrat the
p1qzojNKVdu-00004-00001440-00001859 first of klar jetty he became bag rats
p1qzojNKVdu-00005-00001860-00002114 immediate successor but he must have
p1qzojNKVdu-00006-00002115-00002387 been a rather insignificant ruler since
p1qzojNKVdu-00007-00002388-00002701 he had no official title he had a
p1qzojNKVdu-00008-00002702-00002992 posthumous son also called gergan who
p1qzojNKVdu-00009-00002993-00003399 died in 968
p1qzojNKVdu-00010-00003400-00003834 equals equals genealogy
p1wQDoIOtiE-00000-00000080-00002708 [Music]
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p3wLYPF-Gxo-00000-00000003-00000394 a global city also called world city or
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00001-00000395-00000665 sometimes alpha city or world center is
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00002-00000666-00000902 a city which is a primary node in the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00003-00000902-00001241 global economic network the concept
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00004-00001242-00001462 comes from geography and urban studies
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00005-00001463-00001721 and the idea that globalization is
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00006-00001722-00002000 created facilitated and enacted in
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00007-00002001-00002260 strategic Geographic locales according
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00008-00002261-00002474 to a hierarchy of importance to the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00009-00002475-00002672 operation of the global system of
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00010-00002673-00003083 Finance and trade the most complex node
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00011-00003084-00003481 is the global city with links binding it
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00012-00003482-00003713 to other cities having a direct and
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00013-00003714-00003997 tangible effect on global socio-economic
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00014-00003998-00004460 affairs the term mega city entered
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00015-00004461-00004681 common use in the late 19th or early
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00016-00004682-00004936 20th centuries one of the earliest
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00017-00004937-00005186 documented uses of the term was by the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00018-00005187-00005638 University of Texas in 1904 initially
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00019-00005639-00005888 the United Nations used the term to
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00020-00005889-00006104 describe cities of 8 million or more
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00021-00006105-00006374 inhabitants but now uses the threshold
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00022-00006375-00006678 of 10 million the term global city
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00023-00006679-00007156 rather than mega city was popularized by
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00024-00007156-00007484 sociologist Saskia Sassen in her 1991
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00025-00007484-00007784 work the global city New York London
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00026-00007784-00008231 Tokyo world city meaning a city heavily
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00027-00008232-00008477 involved in global trade appeared in the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00028-00008478-00008785 May 1886 description of Liverpool by the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00029-00008786-00009139 Illustrated London News Patrick Geddes
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00030-00009140-00009638 later used the term world city in 1915
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00031-00009639-00009944 more recently the term has focused on a
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00032-00009945-00010160 city's financial power and high
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00033-00010161-00010378 technology infrastructure with other
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00034-00010379-00011117 factors becoming less relevant
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00035-00011118-00011692 topic criteria
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00036-00011693-00011953 global city status is considered
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00037-00011954-00012244 beneficial and desirable competing
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00038-00012245-00012424 groups have developed multiple
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00039-00012425-00012688 alternative methods to classify and rank
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00040-00012689-00012897 world cities and to distinguish them
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00041-00012899-00013228 from non world cities although there is
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00042-00013229-00013468 a consensus upon leading world cities
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00043-00013469-00013722 the chosen criteria affect which other
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00044-00013724-00014091 cities are included selection criteria
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00045-00014093-00014377 may be based on a yardstick value eg if
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00046-00014378-00014575 the producer service sector is the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00047-00014576-00014830 largest sector then City X is a world
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00048-00014831-00015085 city or on an imminent determination if
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00049-00015086-00015355 the producer service sector of City X is
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00050-00015356-00015544 greater than the combined producer
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00051-00015544-00015772 service sectors of n other cities then
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00052-00015772-00016060 City X is a world city cities can fall
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00053-00016061-00016291 from ranking as in the case of cities
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00054-00016291-00016519 that have become less cosmopolitan and
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00055-00016520-00016702 less internationally renowned in the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00056-00016703-00017308 current era
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00057-00017309-00017907 topic characteristics
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00058-00017908-00018201 although criteria are variable in fluid
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00059-00018202-00018453 typical characteristics of world cities
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00060-00018454-00018619 are
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00061-00018620-00018853 variety of international financial
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00062-00018854-00019105 services notably in finance insurance
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00063-00019106-00019453 real estate banking accountancy and
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00064-00019454-00019797 marketing headquarters of several
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00065-00019798-00020179 multinational corporations the existence
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00066-00020180-00020407 of financial headquarters a Stock
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00067-00020408-00020604 Exchange and major financial
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00068-00020605-00020840 institutions
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00069-00020841-00021074 domination of the trade and economy of a
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00070-00021075-00021368 large surrounding area major
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00071-00021369-00021605 manufacturing centers with port and
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00072-00021606-00021941 container facilities considerable
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00073-00021942-00022196 decision-making power on a daily basis
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00074-00022197-00022547 and at a global level centers of new
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00075-00022548-00022744 ideas and innovation in business
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00076-00022745-00023201 economics culture and politics centers
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00077-00023202-00023441 of media and communications for global
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00078-00023442-00023765 networks dominance of the national
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00079-00023766-00023920 region with great international
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00080-00023921-00024260 significance high percentage of
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00081-00024261-00024458 residents employed in the services
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00082-00024459-00024748 sector and information sector
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00083-00024749-00025013 high-quality educational institutions
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00084-00025014-00025223 including renowned universities
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00085-00025224-00025466 international student attendance and
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00086-00025467-00025844 research facilities multifunctional
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00087-00025845-00026057 infrastructure offering some of the best
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00088-00026058-00026282 legal medical and entertainment
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00089-00026283-00026633 facilities in the country high diversity
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00090-00026633-00026905 in language culture religion and
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00091-00026906-00027564 ideologies
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00092-00027566-00027977 topic rankings
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00093-00027977-00028487 you
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00094-00028488-00029189 topic global economic power index
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00095-00029191-00029570 in 2015 the second global economic power
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00096-00029572-00029976 index a meta list compiled by Richard
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00097-00029977-00030207 Florida was published by the Atlantic
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00098-00030208-00030447 distinct from a namesake list published
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00099-00030448-00030699 by the Martin prosperity Institute with
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00100-00030700-00030918 city composite ranked based on five
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00101-00030919-00031526 other lists
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00102-00031527-00032198 topic global power city index
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00103-00032199-00032483 the Institute for urban strategies at
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00104-00032483-00032732 the Mori Memorial Foundation in Tokyo
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00105-00032733-00032993 issued a comprehensive study of global
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00106-00032994-00033383 cities in 2018 they are ranked based on
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00107-00033384-00033668 six categories economy research and
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00108-00033669-00033883 development cultural interaction
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00109-00033884-00034199 livability environment and accessibility
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00110-00034200-00034504 with 70 individual indicators among them
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00111-00034505-00034852 the top 10 world cities are also ranked
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00112-00034853-00035071 by subjective categories including
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00113-00035072-00035368 manager researcher artist visitor and
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00114-00035369-00035812 resident global power city top 10 to 1
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00115-00035813-00036329 London to New York City 3 Tokyo for
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00116-00036330-00036976 Paris 5 singapore 6 amsterdam 7 seoul 8
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00117-00036977-00037865 berlin 9 Hong Kong 10 Sydney
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00118-00037866-00038541 topic gawc study
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00119-00038542-00038829 John beaver stock Richard G Smith and
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00120-00038830-00039027 Peter J Taylor established the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00121-00039028-00039267 globalization and world cities research
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00122-00039268-00039750 Network gawc a roster of world cities in
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00123-00039751-00040092 the gawc research bulletin v is ranked
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00124-00040093-00040292 by their connectivity through for
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00125-00040293-00040715 advanced producer services accountancy
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00126-00040716-00041108 advertising banking finance and law the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00127-00041109-00041457 gawc inventory identifies three levels
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00128-00041458-00041736 of global cities and several sub ranks
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00129-00041737-00041918 although the authors caution that
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00130-00041919-00042222 concern for city rankings operates
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00131-00042223-00042683 against the spirit of the gawc project
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00132-00042684-00043209 emphasis in original the 2004 rankings
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00133-00043210-00043431 added several new indicators while
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00134-00043432-00043683 continuing to rank city economics more
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00135-00043684-00043854 heavily than political or cultural
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00136-00043855-00044337 factors the 2008 roster similar to the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00137-00044338-00044601 1998 version is sorted into categories
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00138-00044602-00044883 of alpha world cities with four sub
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00139-00044884-00045162 categories beta world cities three sub
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00140-00045163-00045435 categories gamma world cities three sub
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00141-00045436-00045663 categories and additional cities with
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00142-00045664-00045959 high sufficiency or sufficiency presence
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00143-00045960-00046205 the cities in the top two
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00144-00046206-00046895 classifications in the 2018 edition are
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00145-00046896-00047367 topic alpha plus plus
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00146-00047368-00047810 you
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00147-00047811-00048238 topic alpha plus
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00148-00048239-00048695 you
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00149-00048696-00049340 topic global cities index
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00150-00049341-00049703 in 2008 the American Journal foreign
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00151-00049704-00049904 policy in conjunction with the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00152-00049905-00050213 consulting firm 80 Kearney and the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00153-00050214-00050408 Chicago Council on global affairs
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00154-00050409-00050675 published a ranking of global cities
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00155-00050676-00050926 based on consultation with Saskia Sassen
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00156-00050927-00051340 Whittle draped in ski and others foreign
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00157-00051341-00051614 policy noted that the world's biggest
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00158-00051615-00051911 most interconnected cities help set
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00159-00051912-00052177 global agendas whether transnational
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00160-00052178-00052460 dangers and serve as the hubs of global
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00161-00052461-00052787 integration they are the engines of
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00162-00052788-00052973 growth for their countries and the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00163-00052974-00053183 gateways to the resources of their
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00164-00053184-00053624 regions the rankling is based on 27
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00165-00053625-00053891 metrics across five dimensions business
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00166-00053891-00054173 activity human capital information
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00167-00054174-00054395 exchange cultural experience and
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00168-00054396-00054653 political engagement and was updated in
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00169-00054654-00055441 2010 2012 2014 2015 2016 and 2017 since
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00170-00055442-00055739 2015 it has been published together with
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00171-00055740-00055937 a separate index called the global
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00172-00055938-00056179 cities outlook a projection of a city's
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00173-00056180-00056459 potential based on rate of change in 13
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00174-00056460-00056680 indicators across four dimensions
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00175-00056682-00057004 personal well-being economics innovation
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00176-00057005-00057629 and governance
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00177-00057630-00058196 topic The Wealth Report
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00178-00058197-00058563 The Wealth Report a global perspective
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00179-00058564-00058857 on prime property and wealth is made by
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00180-00058858-00059070 the london-based estate agent night
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00181-00059071-00059361 Frank LLP together with the city private
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00182-00059362-00059790 bank the report includes a global cities
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00183-00059791-00060080 survey evaluating which cities are
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00184-00060082-00060294 considered the most important to the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00185-00060295-00060533 world's hnw eyes high net worth
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00186-00060534-00060830 individuals having over 25 million
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00187-00060832-00061166 dollars of investable assets for the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00188-00061167-00061458 global cities survey city private banks
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00189-00061459-00061710 Wealth Advisors and Knight francs luxury
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00190-00061711-00061923 property specialists were asked to name
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00191-00061924-00062129 the cities that they felt were the most
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00192-00062130-00062433 important to H&W eyes in regard to
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00193-00062434-00062903 economic activity political power
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00194-00062904-00063324 knowledge and influence and quality of
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00195-00063325-00063903 life
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00196-00063904-00064641 topic global city competitiveness index
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00197-00064641-00065007 in 2012 The Economist Intelligence Unit
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00198-00065008-00065192 The Economist group ranked the
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00199-00065194-00065373 competitiveness of global cities
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00200-00065374-00065574 according to their demonstrated ability
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00201-00065575-00065910 to attract capital businesses talent and
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00202-00065911-00066519 visitors
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00203-00066520-00067088 topic see also
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00204-00067089-00067604 Akoo monopolist financial center
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00205-00067605-00067872 globalization and world cities research
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00206-00067873-00068424 network list of cities by GDP
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00207-00068425-00068697 Galapagos City type
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00208-00068698-00069210 metropolis primate city Ranelagh city
p3wLYPF-Gxo-00209-00069211-00069522 rating system
p3IJ567GziM-00000-00000046-00000257 fertigation is the injection of
p3IJ567GziM-00001-00000258-00000470 fertilizers used for soil amendments
p3IJ567GziM-00002-00000471-00000671 water amendments and other water-soluble
p3IJ567GziM-00003-00000672-00000936 products into an irrigation system
p3IJ567GziM-00004-00000938-00001225 fertigation is related to chemical the
p3IJ567GziM-00005-00001226-00001385 injection of chemicals into an
p3IJ567GziM-00006-00001386-00001660 irrigation system the two terms are
p3IJ567GziM-00007-00001661-00001841 sometimes used interchangeably however
p3IJ567GziM-00008-00001842-00002032 chem again is generally a more
p3IJ567GziM-00009-00002034-00002242 controlled and regulated process due to
p3IJ567GziM-00010-00002243-00002467 the nature of the chemicals used
p3IJ567GziM-00011-00002468-00002720 chemical involves insecticides
p3IJ567GziM-00012-00002721-00002957 herbicides and fungicides some of which
p3IJ567GziM-00013-00002958-00003173 pose health threat to humans animals and
p3IJ567GziM-00014-00003174-00004352 the environment topic uses fertigation
p3IJ567GziM-00015-00004353-00004583 is practiced extensively in commercial
p3IJ567GziM-00016-00004584-00004829 agriculture and horticulture fertigation
p3IJ567GziM-00017-00004830-00005054 is also increasingly being used for
p3IJ567GziM-00018-00005055-00005263 landscaping as dispenser units become
p3IJ567GziM-00019-00005264-00005515 more reliable and easier to use
p3IJ567GziM-00020-00005516-00005729 fertigation is used to add additional
p3IJ567GziM-00021-00005730-00005945 nutrients or to correct nutrient
p3IJ567GziM-00022-00005946-00006145 deficiencies detected in plant tissue
p3IJ567GziM-00023-00006146-00006457 analysis it is usually practiced on the
p3IJ567GziM-00024-00006458-00006695 high value crops such as vegetables turf
p3IJ567GziM-00025-00006695-00007471 fruit trees and ornamentals topic
p3IJ567GziM-00026-00007472-00007998 commonly used nutrients
p3IJ567GziM-00027-00008000-00008236 most plant nutrients can be applied
p3IJ567GziM-00028-00008237-00008515 through irrigation systems nitrogen is
p3IJ567GziM-00029-00008516-00008727 the most commonly used plant nutrient
p3IJ567GziM-00030-00008728-00009013 naturally occurring nitrogen n2 is a
p3IJ567GziM-00031-00009014-00009220 diatomic molecule which makes up
p3IJ567GziM-00032-00009221-00009409 approximately 80 percent of the Earth's
p3IJ567GziM-00033-00009410-00009481 atmosphere
p3IJ567GziM-00034-00009482-00009760 most plants cannot directly consume
p3IJ567GziM-00035-00009761-00010000 diatomic nitrogen therefore nitrogen
p3IJ567GziM-00036-00010001-00010183 must be contained as a component of
p3IJ567GziM-00037-00010184-00010384 other chemical substances which plants
p3IJ567GziM-00038-00010385-00010687 can consume commonly anhydrous ammonia
p3IJ567GziM-00039-00010688-00010954 ammonium nitrate and urea are used as
p3IJ567GziM-00040-00010955-00011248 bioavailable sources of nitrogen other
p3IJ567GziM-00041-00011249-00011455 nutrients needed by plants include
p3IJ567GziM-00042-00011456-00011713 phosphorus and potassium like nitrogen
p3IJ567GziM-00043-00011714-00011953 plants require these substances to live
p3IJ567GziM-00044-00011954-00012109 but they must be contained in other
p3IJ567GziM-00045-00012110-00012301 chemical substances such as mono
p3IJ567GziM-00046-00012302-00012471 ammonium phosphate or diammonium
p3IJ567GziM-00047-00012472-00012688 phosphate to serve as bioavailable
p3IJ567GziM-00048-00012689-00012963 nutrients a common source of potassium
p3IJ567GziM-00049-00012964-00013171 is Murie ate of potash which is
p3IJ567GziM-00050-00013172-00013462 chemically potassium chloride a soil
p3IJ567GziM-00051-00013463-00013684 fertility analysis is used to determine
p3IJ567GziM-00052-00013685-00013866 which of the more stable nutrients
p3IJ567GziM-00053-00013868-00015010 should be used topic advantages the
p3IJ567GziM-00054-00015011-00015199 benefits of fertigation methods over
p3IJ567GziM-00055-00015200-00015430 conventional or drop fertilizing methods
p3IJ567GziM-00056-00015431-00015747 include increased nutrient absorption by
p3IJ567GziM-00057-00015748-00016078 plants accurate placement of nutrient
p3IJ567GziM-00058-00016079-00016261 where the water goes the nutrient goes
p3IJ567GziM-00059-00016262-00016714 as well ability to Mike Rhodes feeding
p3IJ567GziM-00060-00016715-00016924 the plants just enough so nutrients can
p3IJ567GziM-00061-00016925-00017083 be absorbed and are not left to be
p3IJ567GziM-00062-00017084-00017281 washed down to stormwater next time it
p3IJ567GziM-00063-00017282-00017632 rains reduction of fertilizer chemicals
p3IJ567GziM-00064-00017633-00017941 and water needed reduced leaching of
p3IJ567GziM-00065-00017942-00018271 chemicals into the water supply reduced
p3IJ567GziM-00066-00018272-00018469 water consumption due to the plant's
p3IJ567GziM-00067-00018470-00018672 increased root masses ability to trap
p3IJ567GziM-00068-00018673-00019006 and hold water application of nutrients
p3IJ567GziM-00069-00019007-00019153 can be controlled at the precise time
p3IJ567GziM-00070-00019154-00019513 and rate necessary minimized risk of the
p3IJ567GziM-00071-00019514-00019708 roots contracting soil borne diseases
p3IJ567GziM-00072-00019709-00020035 through the contaminated soil reduction
p3IJ567GziM-00073-00020036-00020263 of soil erosion issues as the nutrients
p3IJ567GziM-00074-00020264-00020463 are pumped through the water drip system
p3IJ567GziM-00075-00020464-00020683 leaching is decreased often through
p3IJ567GziM-00076-00020684-00021328 methods used to employ fertigation
p3IJ567GziM-00077-00021329-00022036 topic disadvantages concentration of the
p3IJ567GziM-00078-00022037-00022235 solution may decrease as the fertilizer
p3IJ567GziM-00079-00022236-00022424 dissolves this depends on equipment
p3IJ567GziM-00080-00022425-00022727 selection if pulley selected may lead to
p3IJ567GziM-00081-00022728-00023063 poor nutrient placement the water supply
p3IJ567GziM-00082-00023064-00023278 for fertigation is to be kept separate
p3IJ567GziM-00083-00023279-00023486 from the domestic water supply to avoid
p3IJ567GziM-00084-00023487-00023816 contamination possible pressure loss in
p3IJ567GziM-00085-00023817-00024125 the main irrigation line the process is
p3IJ567GziM-00086-00024126-00024322 dependent on the water supplies non
p3IJ567GziM-00087-00024323-00025067 restriction by drought rationing topic
p3IJ567GziM-00088-00025068-00025672 methods used drip irrigation less
p3IJ567GziM-00089-00025673-00025925 wasteful than sprinklers it is not only
p3IJ567GziM-00090-00025926-00026152 more efficient for fertilizer usage but
p3IJ567GziM-00091-00026153-00026371 can also be for maximizing nutrient
p3IJ567GziM-00092-00026372-00026633 uptake in plants like cotton drip
p3IJ567GziM-00093-00026633-00026843 irrigation using fertigation can also
p3IJ567GziM-00094-00026844-00027052 increase yield and quality of fruit and
p3IJ567GziM-00095-00027053-00027268 flowers especially in subsurface drip
p3IJ567GziM-00096-00027269-00027476 systems rather than above surface drip
p3IJ567GziM-00097-00027477-00027800 tape sprinkler systems increases leaf
p3IJ567GziM-00098-00027801-00028099 and fruit quality continuous application
p3IJ567GziM-00099-00028100-00028337 fertilizer is supplied at a constant
p3IJ567GziM-00100-00028338-00028679 rate three stage application irrigation
p3IJ567GziM-00101-00028680-00028961 starts without fertilizers fertilizers
p3IJ567GziM-00102-00028962-00029206 are applied later in the process
p3IJ567GziM-00103-00029207-00029452 proportional application injection rate
p3IJ567GziM-00104-00029453-00029739 is proportional to water discharge rate
p3IJ567GziM-00105-00029741-00029962 quantitative application nutrient
p3IJ567GziM-00106-00029963-00030167 solution is applied in a calculated
p3IJ567GziM-00107-00030168-00030449 amount to each irrigation block other
p3IJ567GziM-00108-00030450-00030643 methods of application include the
p3IJ567GziM-00109-00030644-00030871 lateral move the traveler gun and solid
p3IJ567GziM-00110-00030872-00031989 set systems topic system design
p3IJ567GziM-00111-00031991-00032239 fertigation assists distribution of
p3IJ567GziM-00112-00032241-00032483 fertilizers for farmers the simplest
p3IJ567GziM-00113-00032483-00032714 type of fertigation system consists of a
p3IJ567GziM-00114-00032714-00032906 tank with a pump distribution pipes
p3IJ567GziM-00115-00032907-00033187 capillaries and a dripper pen all
p3IJ567GziM-00116-00033188-00033404 systems should be placed on a raised or
p3IJ567GziM-00117-00033405-00033626 sealed platform not in direct contact
p3IJ567GziM-00118-00033627-00033875 with the earth each system should also
p3IJ567GziM-00119-00033876-00034138 be fitted with chemical spill trays
p3IJ567GziM-00120-00034139-00034364 because of the potential risk of
p3IJ567GziM-00121-00034365-00034568 contamination in the potable drink
p3IJ567GziM-00122-00034569-00034766 water supply a backflow prevention
p3IJ567GziM-00123-00034767-00034985 device is required for most fertigation
p3IJ567GziM-00124-00034986-00035318 systems backflow requirements may vary
p3IJ567GziM-00125-00035319-00035591 greatly therefore it is very important
p3IJ567GziM-00126-00035592-00035753 to understand the proper level of
p3IJ567GziM-00127-00035754-00035987 backflow prevention required by law in
p3IJ567GziM-00128-00035988-00036266 the United States the minimum backflow
p3IJ567GziM-00129-00036267-00036452 protection is usually determined by
p3IJ567GziM-00130-00036453-00036776 state regulation each city or town may
p3IJ567GziM-00131-00036777-00037423 set the level of protection required
p3IJ567GziM-00132-00037424-00038158 topic see also sustainable agriculture
p3IJ567GziM-00133-00038159-00038602 soil de fertilization water conservation
p3IJ567GziM-00134-00038603-00039131 drip irrigation foliar feeding
p70pNF_An0U-00000-00000008-00000407 so let's talk a little bit about what is
p70pNF_An0U-00001-00000408-00000863 going on right what's the worst a big
p70pNF_An0U-00002-00000864-00001166 deal about api's we're all of a sudden
p70pNF_An0U-00003-00001167-00001409 wire api is a big deal where they come
p70pNF_An0U-00004-00001410-00001829 from the the main challenge there is is
p70pNF_An0U-00005-00001830-00002315 that in this new era when you have
p70pNF_An0U-00006-00002316-00002555 mobile applications you have IOT devices
p70pNF_An0U-00007-00002556-00002934 you have had less computing devices user
p70pNF_An0U-00008-00002935-00003308 experience becomes very very important
p70pNF_An0U-00009-00003309-00003710 and that means that you're creating
p70pNF_An0U-00010-00003711-00004196 custom applications on legacy back-end
p70pNF_An0U-00011-00004197-00004418 systems and most probably going through
p70pNF_An0U-00012-00004419-00004688 some kind of a mediation layer to create
p70pNF_An0U-00013-00004689-00005105 these custom front ends for different
p70pNF_An0U-00014-00005106-00005342 experience different user populations
p70pNF_An0U-00015-00005343-00005645 and having very dedicated applications
p70pNF_An0U-00016-00005646-00005888 that are only doing one thing and one
p70pNF_An0U-00017-00005889-00005978 thing at a time
p70pNF_An0U-00018-00005979-00006260 so that is exposing and increasing the
p70pNF_An0U-00019-00006261-00006493 the landscape the threat the threat
p70pNF_An0U-00020-00006494-00006755 landscape because now you have that many
p70pNF_An0U-00021-00006756-00007166 more points of attack or that many more
p70pNF_An0U-00022-00007167-00007534 entry points so the biggest problem with
p70pNF_An0U-00023-00007535-00007996 that is is really visibility most people
p70pNF_An0U-00024-00007997-00008281 still don't know what they don't know
p70pNF_An0U-00025-00008282-00008576 they they think that you know we have
p70pNF_An0U-00026-00008577-00008710 this happen all the time we'll go to our
p70pNF_An0U-00027-00008711-00008927 customer and they'll say well we know
p70pNF_An0U-00028-00008928-00009233 all of our api's because they're still
p70pNF_An0U-00029-00009234-00009520 thinking in the traditional manner and
p70pNF_An0U-00030-00009521-00009748 they're thinking oh I've only got like
p70pNF_An0U-00031-00009749-00009944 these seven systems on the backend that
p70pNF_An0U-00032-00009945-00010202 are exposing these api's what they don't
p70pNF_An0U-00033-00010203-00010513 realize is that as the business grew and
p70pNF_An0U-00034-00010514-00010794 it's trying to offer more capabilities
p70pNF_An0U-00035-00010795-00011087 people are creating a new sort of API is
p70pNF_An0U-00036-00011088-00011369 layer that on top of existing api's and
p70pNF_An0U-00037-00011370-00011664 all of a sudden they have no idea what
p70pNF_An0U-00038-00011665-00012055 interfaces they have open so this is a
p70pNF_An0U-00039-00012056-00012301 quote from Gartner they they believe
p70pNF_An0U-00040-00012302-00012734 that API breaches as an attack vector ap
p70pNF_An0U-00041-00012735-00012916 as as an attack vector is going to
p70pNF_An0U-00042-00012917-00013310 become the biggest attack surface area
p70pNF_An0U-00043-00013311-00013388 and the
p70pNF_An0U-00044-00013388-00013726 this way of attacking an organization
p70pNF_An0U-00045-00013727-00014080 here are some examples of recent API
p70pNF_An0U-00046-00014081-00014488 attacks that went undetected and and
p70pNF_An0U-00047-00014490-00014644 again it's not that the tools aren't
p70pNF_An0U-00048-00014645-00014933 there it's because most of the detection
p70pNF_An0U-00049-00014934-00015308 is done in a static manner and when the
p70pNF_An0U-00050-00015309-00015508 detection is done in a static manner
p70pNF_An0U-00051-00015509-00015728 you're only looking at certain things
p70pNF_An0U-00052-00015729-00015980 that you already know about you're not
p70pNF_An0U-00053-00015981-00016288 really discovering things that you don't
p70pNF_An0U-00054-00016290-00016454 know about you're not looking at
p70pNF_An0U-00055-00016455-00016703 patterns you're not looking at changing
p70pNF_An0U-00056-00016704-00017135 behavior and and when I when I say that
p70pNF_An0U-00057-00017136-00017447 these went undetected for a long time
p70pNF_An0U-00058-00017448-00017869 Facebook went for 14 months so that's
p70pNF_An0U-00059-00017870-00018221 more than a year Google went for two
p70pNF_An0U-00060-00018222-00018518 years without detection and and these
p70pNF_An0U-00061-00018519-00018656 are not small companies they have big
p70pNF_An0U-00062-00018657-00018974 security teams and they are you know
p70pNF_An0U-00063-00018975-00019144 well-known companies they have good
p70pNF_An0U-00064-00019145-00019340 engineers so it's not like you know
p70pNF_An0U-00065-00019341-00019528 these are just some fly-by-night
p70pNF_An0U-00066-00019529-00019831 operations that didn't know what they
p70pNF_An0U-00067-00019832-00020312 were doing right so why does that happen
p70pNF_An0U-00068-00020313-00020591 and and you say well I already got my
p70pNF_An0U-00069-00020592-00020918 wife's and my CD ends and my proxies and
p70pNF_An0U-00070-00020919-00021290 everything else well that's ok the
p70pNF_An0U-00071-00021291-00021746 problem is that API attacks really go
p70pNF_An0U-00072-00021747-00022016 through all of that not saying that
p70pNF_An0U-00073-00022017-00022190 those things are not important don't get
p70pNF_An0U-00074-00022191-00022531 rid of those those things are just as
p70pNF_An0U-00075-00022532-00022718 important because they are protecting
p70pNF_An0U-00076-00022719-00023168 you but API attacks can go around them
p70pNF_An0U-00077-00023169-00023522 and they can exfiltrate data and it's
p70pNF_An0U-00078-00023523-00023797 not always the hackers and we'll we'll
p70pNF_An0U-00079-00023798-00024230 see that so what happens in a typical
p70pNF_An0U-00080-00024231-00024575 API attack the problem is that you have
p70pNF_An0U-00081-00024576-00024952 legitimate or or you have a bad actor
p70pNF_An0U-00082-00024953-00025337 masquerading a legitimate user how do
p70pNF_An0U-00083-00025338-00025637 you say that happens so I'll give you an
p70pNF_An0U-00084-00025638-00026000 example we have our client in Europe
p70pNF_An0U-00085-00026001-00026231 that I can't name them because obviously
p70pNF_An0U-00086-00026232-00026660 they dive into this trouble they are a
p70pNF_An0U-00087-00026661-00026770 financial institution
p70pNF_An0U-00088-00026772-00027127 and what somebody did was they went
p70pNF_An0U-00089-00027129-00027323 there and they opened an account there
p70pNF_An0U-00090-00027324-00027611 and they were a legitimate user there
p70pNF_An0U-00091-00027612-00027938 they're a customer of that financial
p70pNF_An0U-00092-00027939-00028160 institution which also means that they
p70pNF_An0U-00093-00028161-00028339 have a username and a password so they
p70pNF_An0U-00094-00028341-00028451 came home and they opened up their
p70pNF_An0U-00095-00028452-00028789 laptop and they connected to the to the
p70pNF_An0U-00096-00028791-00029087 website and interacted got account
p70pNF_An0U-00097-00029088-00029233 balance is just interacted with the
p70pNF_An0U-00098-00029235-00029545 system and then they sniffed all the
p70pNF_An0U-00099-00029547-00029762 traffic and they figured out okay what
p70pNF_An0U-00100-00029763-00029927 are the API that are being called what
p70pNF_An0U-00101-00029927-00030185 is the payload look like and then they
p70pNF_An0U-00102-00030186-00030577 went systematically attacking it and
p70pNF_An0U-00103-00030577-00031019 probing the system using the legitimate
p70pNF_An0U-00104-00031020-00031676 credential so legitimate user they are a
p70pNF_An0U-00105-00031677-00031979 customer but their behavior is not
p70pNF_An0U-00106-00031980-00032336 legitimate and they basically start
p70pNF_An0U-00107-00032337-00032732 probing the system so what happens is
p70pNF_An0U-00108-00032733-00033140 that they are bypassing any kind of
p70pNF_An0U-00109-00033141-00033320 regular controls that you normally have
p70pNF_An0U-00110-00033321-00033662 in the front end right so somebody would
p70pNF_An0U-00111-00033663-00033797 say well you shouldn't really have
p70pNF_An0U-00112-00033798-00034022 security by obscurity
p70pNF_An0U-00113-00034023-00034460 I agree but don't also you know say that
p70pNF_An0U-00114-00034461-00034601 obscurity is not a good security
p70pNF_An0U-00115-00034602-00034817 mechanism these are all layered defense
p70pNF_An0U-00116-00034818-00035024 mechanism so obscurity is a good
p70pNF_An0U-00117-00035025-00035480 mechanism just not by itself so what
p70pNF_An0U-00118-00035481-00035927 happens is that now this bad actor is
p70pNF_An0U-00119-00035928-00036251 able to interact with the service
p70pNF_An0U-00120-00036252-00036508 interact with the system and exploit
p70pNF_An0U-00121-00036509-00036908 what a normal user would not be doing
p70pNF_An0U-00122-00036909-00037070 because the normal user is just
p70pNF_An0U-00123-00037071-00037229 collecting they're going to their
p70pNF_An0U-00124-00037230-00037436 account they're interacting with that
p70pNF_An0U-00125-00037437-00037745 and they're going away but this actor is
p70pNF_An0U-00126-00037746-00037943 changing information and they're they
p70pNF_An0U-00127-00037944-00038146 might be enumerated all the accounts and
p70pNF_An0U-00128-00038147-00038399 we've got multiple examples where this
p70pNF_An0U-00129-00038400-00038636 has happened and it's not like you know
p70pNF_An0U-00130-00038637-00038912 that somebody did that on purpose it was
p70pNF_An0U-00131-00038913-00039239 just an oversight when somebody was
p70pNF_An0U-00132-00039240-00039512 programming that or coding that because
p70pNF_An0U-00133-00039513-00039710 the API maybe was never allowed to be
p70pNF_An0U-00134-00039711-00039986 opened up right so we always tell people
p70pNF_An0U-00135-00039987-00040137 to say look if you're gonna design an
p70pNF_An0U-00136-00040138-00040455 P I make sure it is designed as a finite
p70pNF_An0U-00137-00040456-00040734 state machine how many people here know
p70pNF_An0U-00138-00040735-00041054 what a finite state machine is okay good
p70pNF_An0U-00139-00041055-00041487 so you'd be amazed how many times you
p70pNF_An0U-00140-00041488-00041793 ask programmers application programmers
p70pNF_An0U-00141-00041794-00041967 nowadays what a finite state machine is
p70pNF_An0U-00142-00041968-00042447 and they have no idea so that means your
p70pNF_An0U-00143-00042448-00042759 ApS should never ever ever be in a state
p70pNF_An0U-00144-00042760-00043260 where it's undetermined istic right but
p70pNF_An0U-00145-00043261-00043536 because we don't have people who
p70pNF_An0U-00146-00043537-00043878 understand that the reality is you get
p70pNF_An0U-00147-00043879-00044421 into undetermined istic states so usps
p70pNF_An0U-00148-00044422-00044724 what was their problem there an api
p70pNF_An0U-00149-00044725-00044970 there was authenticating actually they
p70pNF_An0U-00150-00044971-00045153 did implement an indication what they
p70pNF_An0U-00151-00045154-00045495 did not implement was authorization so
p70pNF_An0U-00152-00045496-00045660 all you have to do was go in and change
p70pNF_An0U-00153-00045661-00046062 the sequence number customer ID number
p70pNF_An0U-00154-00046063-00046365 just randomly and you could get access
p70pNF_An0U-00155-00046366-00046659 to somebody else's information and this
p70pNF_An0U-00156-00046660-00046953 was part of their business API that they
p70pNF_An0U-00157-00046954-00047207 opened for large businesses to track
p70pNF_An0U-00158-00047208-00047709 spend and track delivery and you could
p70pNF_An0U-00159-00047710-00047859 say well okay so what's the big deal
p70pNF_An0U-00160-00047860-00048219 well the big deal was that you could go
p70pNF_An0U-00161-00048220-00048516 in there and you could switch the type
p70pNF_An0U-00162-00048517-00048879 of a counter business head that means if
p70pNF_An0U-00163-00048880-00049194 you're a Netflix or a gap or Amazon or
p70pNF_An0U-00164-00049195-00049374 somebody else who's shipping large
p70pNF_An0U-00165-00049375-00049629 volumes somebody could come in there
p70pNF_An0U-00166-00049630-00049899 find out that that was the Amazon
p70pNF_An0U-00167-00049900-00050070 account or the Netflix account and
p70pNF_An0U-00168-00050071-00050511 change their account type so that their
p70pNF_An0U-00169-00050512-00050814 rates go up so it's more of cost the
p70pNF_An0U-00170-00050815-00051042 business money point of view it was like
p70pNF_An0U-00171-00051043-00051530 denial of service call it t-mobile and
p70pNF_An0U-00172-00051532-00051729 this we just put t-mobile there but this
p70pNF_An0U-00173-00051729-00051967 was relevant to every single provider
p70pNF_An0U-00174-00051969-00052454 they had a API that was open for getting
p70pNF_An0U-00175-00052454-00052691 location information and it was
p70pNF_An0U-00176-00052692-00052884 basically just an API that would send
p70pNF_An0U-00177-00052885-00053040 you an SMS message you could go in there
p70pNF_An0U-00178-00053041-00053223 he said where is the location of this
p70pNF_An0U-00179-00053224-00053415 phone number
p70pNF_An0U-00180-00053416-00053727 and and they would send that phone
p70pNF_An0U-00181-00053728-00054000 number an SMS message saying you know do
p70pNF_An0U-00182-00054001-00054216 you authorize and if you said yes then
p70pNF_An0U-00183-00054216-00054390 they would send you the menu to show you
p70pNF_An0U-00184-00054391-00054699 the location there's multiple things
p70pNF_An0U-00185-00054700-00054866 wrong with that approach first of all if
p70pNF_An0U-00186-00054867-00055086 my phone is lost I'm not gonna be able
p70pNF_An0U-00187-00055087-00055466 to approve the request anyway so there's
p70pNF_An0U-00188-00055467-00055599 multiple things wrong with that scenario
p70pNF_An0U-00189-00055600-00055920 but they did not even check whether
p70pNF_An0U-00190-00055921-00056115 somebody authorized or not they just
p70pNF_An0U-00191-00056116-00056577 showed the location so how that was used
p70pNF_An0U-00192-00056578-00056874 was it was used to get information about
p70pNF_An0U-00193-00056875-00057045 users all you had to know was have
p70pNF_An0U-00194-00057046-00057171 somebody cell phone number and you could
p70pNF_An0U-00195-00057172-00057341 know their location at any given time
p70pNF_An0U-00196-00057342-00057699 then now imagine what could happen with
p70pNF_An0U-00197-00057700-00058263 stalkers spouses ex-spouses you know you
p70pNF_An0U-00198-00058264-00058389 can just imagine the different things
p70pNF_An0U-00199-00058390-00058634 that can go wrong there
p70pNF_An0U-00200-00058635-00058899 Facebook we already know there were two
p70pNF_An0U-00201-00058900-00059028 things that were going on there
p70pNF_An0U-00202-00059029-00059325 one is a partner that was using the API
p70pNF_An0U-00203-00059326-00059535 in a bad manner that means that they
p70pNF_An0U-00204-00059536-00059771 were operating outside of their
p70pNF_An0U-00205-00059772-00060116 agreement with them so legitimate user
p70pNF_An0U-00206-00060117-00060399 legitimate API key everything was good
p70pNF_An0U-00207-00060400-00060837 but the behavior was not correct but
p70pNF_An0U-00208-00060838-00061085 Facebook also had another breach or
p70pNF_An0U-00209-00061086-00061509 potential breach where the the friend
p70pNF_An0U-00210-00061510-00061899 API could be used to target and get
p70pNF_An0U-00211-00061900-00062145 information about your friends friends
p70pNF_An0U-00212-00062146-00062370 which means that they just have to get
p70pNF_An0U-00213-00062371-00062703 to one indirect level every time and
p70pNF_An0U-00214-00062704-00063072 then continue to expand from that yeah
p70pNF_An0U-00215-00063073-00063246 it was just not coded correctly and
p70pNF_An0U-00216-00063247-00063660 there was no authorization so how does
p70pNF_An0U-00217-00063661-00064095 that happen so normally you have you
p70pNF_An0U-00218-00064096-00064332 know a normal scenario where we talked
p70pNF_An0U-00219-00064333-00064485 about there is some protection because
p70pNF_An0U-00220-00064486-00064719 your your your your your checking data
p70pNF_An0U-00221-00064720-00064880 your checking the models your checking
p70pNF_An0U-00222-00064882-00065103 the the payload you're capturing it
p70pNF_An0U-00223-00065104-00065262 you're putting it your structure you
p70pNF_An0U-00224-00065263-00065412 know you're structuring the request
p70pNF_An0U-00225-00065413-00065811 properly but the bad guys don't have to
p70pNF_An0U-00226-00065812-00066198 follow those rules they can just get up
p70pNF_An0U-00227-00066199-00066522 in the morning and decide not to use the
p70pNF_An0U-00228-00066523-00066740 interface that you've provided
p70pNF_An0U-00229-00066741-00067093 so by going around that interface they
p70pNF_An0U-00230-00067094-00067347 have they've gone around every single
p70pNF_An0U-00231-00067348-00067573 control that you have put in your
p70pNF_An0U-00232-00067574-00067873 application and this is what this is one
p70pNF_An0U-00233-00067874-00068029 of the problems is that as more and more
p70pNF_An0U-00234-00068030-00068185 applications again credit getting
p70pNF_An0U-00235-00068186-00068377 created that are custom applications for
p70pNF_An0U-00236-00068378-00068731 doing one thing and one thing only the
p70pNF_An0U-00237-00068732-00068941 application writer the application
p70pNF_An0U-00238-00068942-00069163 owners are thinking oh I've tested my
p70pNF_An0U-00239-00069164-00069490 application but api's are not getting
p70pNF_An0U-00240-00069491-00069859 tested or when they are tested they're
p70pNF_An0U-00241-00069860-00070060 getting tested in the context of the
p70pNF_An0U-00242-00070061-00070306 application that you're presenting to
p70pNF_An0U-00243-00070307-00070615 your users but you're not testing the
p70pNF_An0U-00244-00070616-00071035 API for all the different ways it can be
p70pNF_An0U-00245-00071036-00071350 used and all the ways that you never
p70pNF_An0U-00246-00071351-00071593 thought it could be used and that's
p70pNF_An0U-00247-00071594-00072016 where behavior comes in so I've got an
p70pNF_An0U-00248-00072017-00072211 example here
p70pNF_An0U-00249-00072212-00072525 it's a recorded demo a short demo of
p70pNF_An0U-00250-00072526-00072823 data exfiltration so this is this is
p70pNF_An0U-00251-00072824-00073012 similar to what was going on in the case
p70pNF_An0U-00252-00073013-00073669 of USPS and there was another breach 885
p70pNF_An0U-00253-00073670-00073930 million records first data which was a
p70pNF_An0U-00254-00073931-00074239 title company their problem was they did
p70pNF_An0U-00255-00074240-00074471 they were worse than USPS they they
p70pNF_An0U-00256-00074472-00074730 didn't even put authentication in there
p70pNF_An0U-00257-00074731-00075221 so what was going on there was you know
p70pNF_An0U-00258-00075222-00075598 you go to closing and you give a lot of
p70pNF_An0U-00259-00075599-00075796 private information during a real state
p70pNF_An0U-00260-00075797-00076006 closing all of that information gets
p70pNF_An0U-00261-00076007-00076264 uploaded and so they have records from
p70pNF_An0U-00262-00076265-00076438 all these different closings and they
p70pNF_An0U-00263-00076439-00076618 would give you a URL so you would get
p70pNF_An0U-00264-00076619-00076885 this URL and once you had the URL you
p70pNF_An0U-00265-00076886-00077143 could access your information the
p70pNF_An0U-00266-00077144-00077305 problem was and that's what we're gonna
p70pNF_An0U-00267-00077306-00077518 show here in this example the problem
p70pNF_An0U-00268-00077519-00077842 was that all of those records were using
p70pNF_An0U-00269-00077843-00078085 a sequential number so all you have to
p70pNF_An0U-00270-00078086-00078521 do was go to your browsers when you know
p70pNF_An0U-00271-00078522-00078896 the the bar there and just increment or
p70pNF_An0U-00272-00078897-00079108 decrement the number by one and all of a
p70pNF_An0U-00273-00079109-00079225 sudden you have somebody else's private
p70pNF_An0U-00274-00079226-00079477 information from a closing set of
p70pNF_An0U-00275-00079478-00079709 documents that's a lot of private
p70pNF_An0U-00276-00079710-00079867 information you or tax records you've
p70pNF_An0U-00277-00079868-00079979 got
p70pNF_An0U-00278-00079980-00080143 information about their paycheck you got
p70pNF_An0U-00279-00080144-00080776 information about their credit right so
p70pNF_An0U-00280-00080777-00081272 let's see so here what we're gonna do is
p70pNF_An0U-00281-00081273-00081442 we're gonna we're gonna kind of simulate
p70pNF_An0U-00282-00081443-00081728 the same thing and what's gonna happen
p70pNF_An0U-00283-00081729-00082078 is that we're emulating it using you
p70pNF_An0U-00284-00082079-00082306 know we're using the fire API so it's
p70pNF_An0U-00285-00082307-00082651 showing as in a patient record but we're
p70pNF_An0U-00286-00082652-00082911 just gonna change the number there and
p70pNF_An0U-00287-00082912-00083465 continue numerating it and so you can
p70pNF_An0U-00288-00083466-00083656 see that the backend API is just
p70pNF_An0U-00289-00083657-00083905 returning results it as long as the the
p70pNF_An0U-00290-00083906-00084124 queries done so here we're gonna run
p70pNF_An0U-00291-00084125-00084400 that for nine hundred iterations and we
p70pNF_An0U-00292-00084401-00084716 will set it so that it's below the below
p70pNF_An0U-00293-00084717-00085046 the threshold in case there is you know
p70pNF_An0U-00294-00085047-00085318 a system that is looking for a flood of
p70pNF_An0U-00295-00085319-00085462 traffic and a flood of requests coming
p70pNF_An0U-00296-00085463-00085610 in so you can stay behind below that
p70pNF_An0U-00297-00085611-00085916 right and just go under the radar and as
p70pNF_An0U-00298-00085917-00086161 you can see we've figured out that
p70pNF_An0U-00299-00086162-00086461 something is wrong there so a bunch of
p70pNF_An0U-00300-00086462-00086626 requests did go through but then
p70pNF_An0U-00301-00086627-00086836 eventually it stopped right so it's not
p70pNF_An0U-00302-00086837-00087085 a zero day stop we can't remember is
p70pNF_An0U-00303-00087086-00087241 pattern recognition
p70pNF_An0U-00304-00087242-00087619 so once the Packer is recognized we can
p70pNF_An0U-00305-00087620-00087815 look to see what was going on with that
p70pNF_An0U-00306-00087816-00088012 token because the token the client was
p70pNF_An0U-00307-00088013-00088192 the same so we can see oh my god all
p70pNF_An0U-00308-00088193-00088468 these requests are coming from the same
p70pNF_An0U-00309-00088469-00088726 client okay so something is wrong that
p70pNF_An0U-00310-00088727-00089222 that is the forensic aspect of that so
p70pNF_An0U-00311-00089223-00089566 quick demo but it shows you that that
p70pNF_An0U-00312-00089567-00089749 attack could have been prevented right
p70pNF_An0U-00313-00089750-00090013 maybe not for the first 50 maybe not for
p70pNF_An0U-00314-00090014-00090286 the first hundred accounts but it would
p70pNF_An0U-00315-00090287-00090574 not have allowed 60 million accounts to
p70pNF_An0U-00316-00090575-00091085 be violated or breached or 885 million
p70pNF_An0U-00317-00091086-00091472 records to be breached right so that's
p70pNF_An0U-00318-00091473-00091807 because it's pattern recognition it
p70pNF_An0U-00319-00091808-00092029 looks to see what is a normal user
p70pNF_An0U-00320-00092030-00092380 behavior or a normal client behavior for
p70pNF_An0U-00321-00092381-00092587 that part of information or that type of
p70pNF_An0U-00322-00092588-00092917 information and then what is abnormal so
p70pNF_An0U-00323-00092918-00093199 we get this question a lot well what
p70pNF_An0U-00324-00093200-00093373 about false negatives what if
p70pNF_An0U-00325-00093374-00093688 what if this person was legit because
p70pNF_An0U-00326-00093689-00093880 they were an admin and they have to suck
p70pNF_An0U-00327-00093881-00094033 all this information and then push that
p70pNF_An0U-00328-00094034-00094282 into a database that would be a legit
p70pNF_An0U-00329-00094283-00094750 use right they would be blocked yeah
p70pNF_An0U-00330-00094751-00095053 probably but what would you rather have
p70pNF_An0U-00331-00095054-00095488 that once you know one off use-case
p70pNF_An0U-00332-00095489-00095857 getting blocked or not knowing what is
p70pNF_An0U-00333-00095858-00096205 happening and even there the system can
p70pNF_An0U-00334-00096206-00096529 be tweaked because if you are doing that
p70pNF_An0U-00335-00096530-00096787 operation so many times all the time you
p70pNF_An0U-00336-00096788-00097009 can whitelist the the token you can
p70pNF_An0U-00337-00097010-00097198 whitelist the client you can whitelist
p70pNF_An0U-00338-00097199-00097495 the user to let them do those kind of
p70pNF_An0U-00339-00097496-00097660 events right so there are ways around
p70pNF_An0U-00340-00097661-00098269 that so this takes it to what what is it
p70pNF_An0U-00341-00098270-00098527 then that we're doing that is different
p70pNF_An0U-00342-00098528-00098824 so it's really looking at the gaps that
p70pNF_An0U-00343-00098825-00099405 exist and using non-static rules to
p70pNF_An0U-00344-00099406-00099667 understand what is going on and looking
p70pNF_An0U-00345-00099668-00099964 at the security gaps that exists with an
p70pNF_An0U-00346-00099965-00100213 AI perspective so what happens with API
p70pNF_An0U-00347-00100214-00100513 security today right this is what most
p70pNF_An0U-00348-00100514-00100696 people think about when they look at API
p70pNF_An0U-00349-00100697-00100999 security access control valve put
p70pNF_An0U-00350-00101000-00101230 authentication input access control in
p70pNF_An0U-00351-00101231-00101437 make sure you at least know who your
p70pNF_An0U-00352-00101438-00101746 user is you know make sure that there is
p70pNF_An0U-00353-00101747-00102100 no you know major traffic coming in so
p70pNF_An0U-00354-00102101-00102247 you have rate limiting or at least
p70pNF_An0U-00355-00102248-00102517 throttling or or pushing back on that
p70pNF_An0U-00356-00102518-00102892 and stuff but what is all what's all the
p70pNF_An0U-00357-00102893-00104070 stuff that's missing
p70pNF_An0U-00358-00104071-00104373 can you go back one slide thank you I
p70pNF_An0U-00359-00104374-00105223 press clicker too many times there
p70pNF_An0U-00360-00105224-00105693 so what is missing right what's missing
p70pNF_An0U-00361-00105694-00105918 is that what you still don't know is
p70pNF_An0U-00362-00105919-00106107 what is going on from a data
p70pNF_An0U-00363-00106108-00106454 exfiltration point of view what is going
p70pNF_An0U-00364-00106455-00106760 on if you have a certain pattern that is
p70pNF_An0U-00365-00106761-00107118 happening right because each of those
p70pNF_An0U-00366-00107119-00107429 activities might be okay but when you do
p70pNF_An0U-00367-00107430-00107726 those activities in a row that is a
p70pNF_An0U-00368-00107727-00107954 problem so a perfect example of that is
p70pNF_An0U-00369-00107955-00108272 you log in you say I want to change my
p70pNF_An0U-00370-00108273-00108507 change my security question I'm going to
p70pNF_An0U-00371-00108508-00108696 change my email address my recovery
p70pNF_An0U-00372-00108697-00108904 email address and will change my
p70pNF_An0U-00373-00108905-00109226 recovery phone number those are all
p70pNF_An0U-00374-00109227-00109666 legitimate things to do but if you say I
p70pNF_An0U-00375-00109667-00109910 forgot my password if you say I want to
p70pNF_An0U-00376-00109911-00110123 change this and then you say I forgot my
p70pNF_An0U-00377-00110124-00110429 password and then you say I'm going to
p70pNF_An0U-00378-00110430-00110714 change my mailing address and then do a
p70pNF_An0U-00379-00110715-00111021 shipment or do something else that is
p70pNF_An0U-00380-00111022-00111227 now using that new information and it
p70pNF_An0U-00381-00111228-00111613 all happens in a sequence well
p70pNF_An0U-00382-00111614-00111941 potentially could be bad but you want to
p70pNF_An0U-00383-00111942-00112189 know that if you only looked at
p70pNF_An0U-00384-00112190-00112545 individual slices and not looked at the
p70pNF_An0U-00385-00112546-00112877 overall view of what is going on during
p70pNF_An0U-00386-00112878-00113189 that session and what happened prior to
p70pNF_An0U-00387-00113190-00113474 that session from the same user from the
p70pNF_An0U-00388-00113475-00113796 same client from the same token so again
p70pNF_An0U-00389-00113797-00114116 only AI based systems can look at that
p70pNF_An0U-00390-00114117-00114341 because you're looking at a broad area
p70pNF_An0U-00391-00114342-00114623 you can't write a rule that would
p70pNF_An0U-00392-00114624-00114836 capture that it's impossible to write a
p70pNF_An0U-00393-00114837-00115145 rule that would do that
p70pNF_An0U-00394-00115146-00115478 so most people look at API security and
p70pNF_An0U-00395-00115479-00115676 say well you know we've got these
p70pNF_An0U-00396-00115677-00115961 foundational things that every API
p70pNF_An0U-00397-00115962-00116552 security offering or you know when
p70pNF_An0U-00398-00116553-00116840 you're putting that in place and this
p70pNF_An0U-00399-00116841-00117137 goes everything from obviously what
p70pNF_An0U-00400-00117138-00117318 happens outside the application so
p70pNF_An0U-00401-00117319-00117488 making sure that you improve the testing
p70pNF_An0U-00402-00117489-00117758 at the API layer you make sure that
p70pNF_An0U-00403-00117759-00117957 there are you know you do run run run
p70pNF_An0U-00404-00117958-00118263 course code
p70pNF_An0U-00405-00118264-00118529 like a black black duck or code analyses
p70pNF_An0U-00406-00118530-00118695 and look to see that there is no
p70pNF_An0U-00407-00118696-00118950 vulnerabilities or memory related or
p70pNF_An0U-00408-00118951-00119169 otherwise in the system right you can
p70pNF_An0U-00409-00119170-00119574 look for all your OS vulnerabilities you
p70pNF_An0U-00410-00119575-00119820 can also look for making sure there is
p70pNF_An0U-00411-00119821-00120035 no overflows and all that kind of stuff
p70pNF_An0U-00412-00120036-00120490 that's that's standard practice right
p70pNF_An0U-00413-00120491-00120953 but there are other areas that most
p70pNF_An0U-00414-00120954-00121163 people don't look look at what is
p70pNF_An0U-00415-00121164-00121400 happening in downstream from that what
p70pNF_An0U-00416-00121401-00121583 is the behavior that happens once that
p70pNF_An0U-00417-00121584-00121841 initial part is done
p70pNF_An0U-00418-00121842-00122009 once you have act once you're already in
p70pNF_An0U-00419-00122010-00122102 the system once you've already
p70pNF_An0U-00420-00122103-00122408 authenticated if you're exposing a bunch
p70pNF_An0U-00421-00122409-00122772 of different api's so for example let's
p70pNF_An0U-00422-00122773-00123053 take open banking open banking defines a
p70pNF_An0U-00423-00123054-00123290 set of API is about getting the users
p70pNF_An0U-00424-00123291-00123608 account information and consent related
p70pNF_An0U-00425-00123609-00124253 information and where you know the any
p70pNF_An0U-00426-00124254-00124473 kind of activity you want to do then on
p70pNF_An0U-00427-00124474-00124872 that account so it might be okay to get
p70pNF_An0U-00428-00124873-00125066 the information but then what happens
p70pNF_An0U-00429-00125067-00125283 afterwards each of those ApS could be
p70pNF_An0U-00430-00125283-00125568 surfaced as separate sub applications or
p70pNF_An0U-00431-00125569-00125900 customized applications so being able to
p70pNF_An0U-00432-00125901-00126231 know what is going on there and looking
p70pNF_An0U-00433-00126232-00126535 again to a patron that becomes important
p70pNF_An0U-00434-00126536-00126839 looking to see if you are seeing the
p70pNF_An0U-00435-00126840-00127178 same user and that their their password
p70pNF_An0U-00436-00127179-00127415 is being used in different places so you
p70pNF_An0U-00437-00127416-00127666 have different clients coming in from
p70pNF_An0U-00438-00127667-00128093 maybe possibly two different geographies
p70pNF_An0U-00439-00128094-00128510 two different systems right but they're
p70pNF_An0U-00440-00128511-00128907 using the same credential well why are
p70pNF_An0U-00441-00128908-00129099 they using the same credential that is
p70pNF_An0U-00442-00129100-00129348 possibly because that credential is
p70pNF_An0U-00443-00129349-00129551 breached or that user account is
p70pNF_An0U-00444-00129552-00129740 breached and that user happen to use the
p70pNF_An0U-00445-00129741-00130004 same credential in different places so
p70pNF_An0U-00446-00130005-00130281 so that's that's a typical attack that
p70pNF_An0U-00447-00130282-00130545 normally happens for your partner
p70pNF_An0U-00448-00130546-00130907 ecosystem because if I am using the same
p70pNF_An0U-00449-00130908-00131301 credential at Facebook and Google and at
p70pNF_An0U-00450-00131302-00131598 Twitter it's very possible that they all
p70pNF_An0U-00451-00131599-00131811 so have common partners and if the same
p70pNF_An0U-00452-00131812-00131988 thing starts coming in attacking from
p70pNF_An0U-00453-00131989-00132300 the different different partners or
p70pNF_An0U-00454-00132301-00132573 different starting points using the same
p70pNF_An0U-00455-00132574-00133094 user could be a potential for miss abuse
p70pNF_An0U-00456-00133095-00133563 and then lastly tokens so currently
p70pNF_An0U-00457-00133564-00133866 there is no way to do binding of tokens
p70pNF_An0U-00458-00133867-00134159 there is a spec out there for it but
p70pNF_An0U-00459-00134160-00134658 none of the browser's support it so you
p70pNF_An0U-00460-00134659-00135047 can track stolen passwords you can track
p70pNF_An0U-00461-00135048-00135390 stolen user IDs how do you track a
p70pNF_An0U-00462-00135391-00135816 stolen token there is no binding today
p70pNF_An0U-00463-00135817-00136056 you can't do that the only way to do
p70pNF_An0U-00464-00136057-00136304 that is to look at patrons and to look
p70pNF_An0U-00465-00136305-00136704 to see if other context around that has
p70pNF_An0U-00466-00136705-00137132 changed and does that still make sense
p70pNF_An0U-00467-00137133-00137479 looking at device reputation looking at
p70pNF_An0U-00468-00137480-00137832 location looking at what they're trying
p70pNF_An0U-00469-00137833-00138507 to do the action is just as important so
p70pNF_An0U-00470-00138508-00138885 the only way to really do that is in our
p70pNF_An0U-00471-00138886-00139203 view with an AI system with the machine
p70pNF_An0U-00472-00139204-00139464 learning where you are constantly the
p70pNF_An0U-00473-00139465-00139748 system itself is actually moving forward
p70pNF_An0U-00474-00139749-00140082 right because you cannot write enough
p70pNF_An0U-00475-00140083-00140319 static rules I'll give you another
p70pNF_An0U-00476-00140320-00140553 example there was a there was an
p70pNF_An0U-00477-00140554-00140862 insurance company this was also out of
p70pNF_An0U-00478-00140863-00141381 Europe that they provided interest for
p70pNF_An0U-00479-00141382-00141591 fleet management for for large fleets
p70pNF_An0U-00480-00141592-00141912 and all you had to do was put in the
p70pNF_An0U-00481-00141913-00142316 license plate of the of the vehicle and
p70pNF_An0U-00482-00142317-00142503 they would tell you what the location
p70pNF_An0U-00483-00142504-00142941 was off the vehicle so a local police
p70pNF_An0U-00484-00142942-00143088 department was using them for fleet
p70pNF_An0U-00485-00143089-00143439 management well you can see where this
p70pNF_An0U-00486-00143440-00144009 is going so bad actors were able to put
p70pNF_An0U-00487-00144010-00144243 in the license plates of the local City
p70pNF_An0U-00488-00144244-00144504 Police Department vehicles into this
p70pNF_An0U-00489-00144505-00144795 system and get real-time location of
p70pNF_An0U-00490-00144796-00144901 every
p70pNF_An0U-00491-00144902-00145420 single police vehicle so they knew well
p70pNF_An0U-00492-00145421-00145552 what the response time would be if
p70pNF_An0U-00493-00145553-00145681 you're across town and there's nobody
p70pNF_An0U-00494-00145682-00145744 here
p70pNF_An0U-00495-00145745-00146014 well I can probably get around by doing
p70pNF_An0U-00496-00146015-00146281 something at this point so again it's an
p70pNF_An0U-00497-00146282-00146865 example of unforeseen consequences and
p70pNF_An0U-00498-00146866-00147307 and for us this is why we say you you a
p70pNF_An0U-00499-00147308-00147643 machine learning model or machine
p70pNF_An0U-00500-00147644-00147946 learning system has three main steps so
p70pNF_An0U-00501-00147947-00148216 you start with modeling everything and
p70pNF_An0U-00502-00148217-00148474 this is why it takes a little bit of
p70pNF_An0U-00503-00148475-00148723 time for it to detect if there is a
p70pNF_An0U-00504-00148724-00149017 difference right between a normal
p70pNF_An0U-00505-00149018-00149485 pattern and an abnormal pattern okay but
p70pNF_An0U-00506-00149486-00149779 what it does after it figures out what
p70pNF_An0U-00507-00149780-00149959 the abnormal pattern is once the
p70pNF_An0U-00508-00149960-00150277 detection is done that's when you do
p70pNF_An0U-00509-00150278-00150489 blocking that's when you do mitigation
p70pNF_An0U-00510-00150490-00150784 now we cannot week we have the ability
p70pNF_An0U-00511-00150785-00151051 to block things but we can also give a
p70pNF_An0U-00512-00151052-00151474 signal back to an external system at
p70pNF_An0U-00513-00151475-00151723 that point which can do other things
p70pNF_An0U-00514-00151724-00152002 from a mitigation perspective right and
p70pNF_An0U-00515-00152003-00152389 and when we work with API gateways like
p70pNF_An0U-00516-00152390-00152767 wso 2 they actually get that signal back
p70pNF_An0U-00517-00152768-00152995 and they can do you know they can block
p70pNF_An0U-00518-00152996-00153358 at many more levels than what we are
p70pNF_An0U-00519-00153359-00153640 blocking at so so it's a very symbiotic
p70pNF_An0U-00520-00153641-00153993 relationship from that perspective so
p70pNF_An0U-00521-00153994-00154225 we've talked about bad actors and
p70pNF_An0U-00522-00154226-00154375 everybody just thinks that ok you know
p70pNF_An0U-00523-00154376-00154570 there's only there's only one thing
p70pNF_An0U-00524-00154571-00154831 going on and it's really that there's
p70pNF_An0U-00525-00154832-00155248 this bad systems but like like we just
p70pNF_An0U-00526-00155249-00155794 said what is happening is not all actors
p70pNF_An0U-00527-00155795-00156198 are bad actors you have misuse you have
p70pNF_An0U-00528-00156199-00156643 abuse intentional abuse you have just a
p70pNF_An0U-00529-00156644-00156910 bad system where they didn't know what
p70pNF_An0U-00530-00156911-00157134 was going on we have one customer that
p70pNF_An0U-00531-00157135-00157375 didn't know they had a misconfigured
p70pNF_An0U-00532-00157376-00157795 system they deployed our product the API
p70pNF_An0U-00533-00157796-00158272 gateway and found out that there
p70pNF_An0U-00534-00158273-00158473 one of their systems was misconfigured
p70pNF_An0U-00535-00158474-00158832 internally and they didn't know that and
p70pNF_An0U-00536-00158833-00159127 what that was doing was it was creating
p70pNF_An0U-00537-00159128-00159394 a lot more traffic on their network
p70pNF_An0U-00538-00159395-00159688 because of the miss configuration so it
p70pNF_An0U-00539-00159689-00159889 was costing them more resources it was
p70pNF_An0U-00540-00159890-00160069 costing him more bandwidth it was
p70pNF_An0U-00541-00160070-00160324 costing him more compute cycles and it
p70pNF_An0U-00542-00160325-00160615 was costing him more Amazon hosting cost
p70pNF_An0U-00543-00160616-00160858 there was going up because of that I
p70pNF_An0U-00544-00160859-00161152 mean it was a Miss configuration but now
p70pNF_An0U-00545-00161153-00161296 they were able to see what was going on
p70pNF_An0U-00546-00161297-00161569 there from that perspective so the
p70pNF_An0U-00547-00161570-00162129 actual attack is just one piece and that
p70pNF_An0U-00548-00162130-00162382 is key from an API perspective because
p70pNF_An0U-00549-00162383-00162603 you have your your your landscape and
p70pNF_An0U-00550-00162604-00162823 your threat space is much bigger than
p70pNF_An0U-00551-00162824-00163210 just the attack so I'll show you another
p70pNF_An0U-00552-00163211-00163432 video this is a friendly book we call
p70pNF_An0U-00553-00163433-00163618 the friendly fire
p70pNF_An0U-00554-00163619-00164095 and in this case you know it was
p70pNF_An0U-00555-00164096-00164478 basically a malfunction because the
p70pNF_An0U-00556-00164479-00164752 normal client would be getting the
p70pNF_An0U-00557-00164753-00165003 information from the back-end service
p70pNF_An0U-00558-00165004-00165429 we're still using the fire API there but
p70pNF_An0U-00559-00165430-00165745 what happened was that the client-side
p70pNF_An0U-00560-00165746-00166069 was updated it was misconfigured and
p70pNF_An0U-00561-00166070-00166266 instead of having a record number it
p70pNF_An0U-00562-00166267-00166566 ended up accidentally putting nothing in
p70pNF_An0U-00563-00166567-00166819 there so the query parameter got changed
p70pNF_An0U-00564-00166820-00167118 and it ended up being a null parameter
p70pNF_An0U-00565-00167119-00167671 instead of an actual record so if you do
p70pNF_An0U-00566-00167672-00167928 a normal call with a record you get the
p70pNF_An0U-00567-00167929-00168153 information back and we're gonna switch
p70pNF_An0U-00568-00168154-00168445 it to a null here and what happens when
p70pNF_An0U-00569-00168446-00168634 you switch it to a null is that the
p70pNF_An0U-00570-00168635-00168934 system basically continues to process
p70pNF_An0U-00571-00168935-00169231 trash and eventually will timeout right
p70pNF_An0U-00572-00169232-00169522 so this is simulating what we saw they
p70pNF_An0U-00573-00169523-00169708 didn't have a null parameter but it's
p70pNF_An0U-00574-00169709-00169965 simulating what can happen that you
p70pNF_An0U-00575-00169966-00170194 wouldn't even know that that existed
p70pNF_An0U-00576-00170195-00170395 because how was that going to be tested
p70pNF_An0U-00577-00170396-00170565 most probably it would never be tested
p70pNF_An0U-00578-00170566-00170938 that way so again what we're able to
p70pNF_An0U-00579-00170939-00171310 find is it it left the traffic go for a
p70pNF_An0U-00580-00171311-00171472 while it can start seeing what's going
p70pNF_An0U-00581-00171473-00171580 on there but
p70pNF_An0U-00582-00171581-00171814 then it's gonna start blocking it's
p70pNF_An0U-00583-00171815-00172074 gonna start blocking that particular
p70pNF_An0U-00584-00172075-00172422 token because we're saying well
p70pNF_An0U-00585-00172423-00172654 something is going on here
p70pNF_An0U-00586-00172655-00172966 because for that particular token I'm
p70pNF_An0U-00587-00172967-00173230 getting a lot of failures or it's not
p70pNF_An0U-00588-00173231-00173515 the behavior is not the same if you put
p70pNF_An0U-00589-00173516-00173755 the information there it returns back
p70pNF_An0U-00590-00173756-00173962 immediately if you put now there the
p70pNF_An0U-00591-00173963-00174151 system doesn't come back for fifteen
p70pNF_An0U-00592-00174152-00174292 minutes or five minutes or whatever
p70pNF_An0U-00593-00174293-00174499 right whatever your time what happens to
p70pNF_An0U-00594-00174500-00174691 be so you can start seeing it's one
p70pNF_An0U-00595-00174692-00174922 attack one token got blacklisted so it
p70pNF_An0U-00596-00174923-00175222 gets put away you the total number of
p70pNF_An0U-00597-00175223-00175597 requests and you can actually go in
p70pNF_An0U-00598-00175598-00175771 there at that point you can see well for
p70pNF_An0U-00599-00175772-00176053 that token that's the token that's on
p70pNF_An0U-00600-00176054-00176341 the black list and you can see well why
p70pNF_An0U-00601-00176342-00176491 is it on the black list so you can kind
p70pNF_An0U-00602-00176492-00176797 of dig dig into it and once you dig into
p70pNF_An0U-00603-00176798-00177418 that you can see that there was a null
p70pNF_An0U-00604-00177419-00177622 there so you can see that the pattern
p70pNF_An0U-00605-00177623-00177784 has changed and something else was going
p70pNF_An0U-00606-00177785-00178077 on there right so that's the forensic
p70pNF_An0U-00607-00178078-00178543 aspect off of the of the dashboard and
p70pNF_An0U-00608-00178544-00178753 being able to find that information so
p70pNF_An0U-00609-00178754-00178882 it's not just blocking it but it's
p70pNF_An0U-00610-00178883-00179092 actually helps you debug and and get
p70pNF_An0U-00611-00179093-00179386 information out of it so you can do the
p70pNF_An0U-00612-00179387-00179530 next step right
p70pNF_An0U-00613-00179531-00179857 because if you're just being told Danger
p70pNF_An0U-00614-00179858-00180052 Danger Will Robinson and don't say well
p70pNF_An0U-00615-00180053-00180574 what do I do now then it's of no use the
p70pNF_An0U-00616-00180575-00180841 next one I'm going to show you is we
p70pNF_An0U-00617-00180842-00180994 talked about discovery right at the very
p70pNF_An0U-00618-00180995-00181171 beginning that discovery is very very
p70pNF_An0U-00619-00181172-00181537 important so we'll show you a discovery
p70pNF_An0U-00620-00181538-00181999 use case here to in in this one we
p70pNF_An0U-00621-00182000-00182250 basically deployed in discovery mode and
p70pNF_An0U-00622-00182251-00182524 once you deploy it in discovery mode it
p70pNF_An0U-00623-00182525-00182797 basically starts looking at all the
p70pNF_An0U-00624-00182798-00183043 traffic that is going through so sits in
p70pNF_An0U-00625-00183044-00183285 line and just looks at all the traffic
p70pNF_An0U-00626-00183286-00183538 once it looks at all the traffic it
p70pNF_An0U-00627-00183539-00183754 starts building so we're going to look
p70pNF_An0U-00628-00183755-00183988 at it for 24 hours there it starts
p70pNF_An0U-00629-00183989-00184363 building a map and starts showing what
p70pNF_An0U-00630-00184364-00184531 are the API is versus the number of
p70pNF_An0U-00631-00184532-00184960 requests and you can now start looking
p70pNF_An0U-00632-00184961-00184993 at it
p70pNF_An0U-00633-00184994-00185316 but from a user perspective so we're
p70pNF_An0U-00634-00185317-00185550 gonna go here to that particular user
p70pNF_An0U-00635-00185551-00185928 and see what request that user has made
p70pNF_An0U-00636-00185929-00186225 right this is all discovery so this is
p70pNF_An0U-00637-00186226-00186477 starting with zero not knowing anything
p70pNF_An0U-00638-00186478-00186793 just starting from scratch you can see
p70pNF_An0U-00639-00186794-00186982 what that user has done what are the
p70pNF_An0U-00640-00186983-00187147 resources they have access where they
p70pNF_An0U-00641-00187148-00187488 have come from right or you could look
p70pNF_An0U-00642-00187489-00187846 at it from the API perspective and see
p70pNF_An0U-00643-00187847-00188190 which users are calling that API so you
p70pNF_An0U-00644-00188191-00188356 can look at it from both from a resource
p70pNF_An0U-00645-00188357-00188874 point of view and also from a from from
p70pNF_An0U-00646-00188875-00189786 a subject point of view right so full
p70pNF_An0U-00647-00189787-00190285 visibility okay so what do we do
p70pNF_An0U-00648-00190286-00190672 together well so normally you have your
p70pNF_An0U-00649-00190673-00190989 API gateway you have your applications
p70pNF_An0U-00650-00190990-00191301 you have your API is where we work and
p70pNF_An0U-00651-00191302-00191482 we come into the picture what we call
p70pNF_An0U-00652-00191483-00191826 sideband so we're not we're not sitting
p70pNF_An0U-00653-00191827-00192090 in line we're not trying to do what wso
p70pNF_An0U-00654-00192091-00192373 2 does right what we do is we have an
p70pNF_An0U-00655-00192374-00192654 integration or drop-in ability to
p70pNF_An0U-00656-00192655-00193056 integrate with wso twos api gateway and
p70pNF_An0U-00657-00193057-00193478 in that case we get the information from
p70pNF_An0U-00658-00193479-00194056 wso 2 as to the api the the payload and
p70pNF_An0U-00659-00194057-00194304 that information comes to us this
p70pNF_An0U-00660-00194305-00194584 obviously you know just one big box
p70pNF_An0U-00661-00194585-00194743 there but it has a bunch of different
p70pNF_An0U-00662-00194744-00195046 boxes as a collector it has a AI engine
p70pNF_An0U-00663-00195047-00195408 and a responder and all of that so
p70pNF_An0U-00664-00195409-00195724 straightforward deployment it doesn't
p70pNF_An0U-00665-00195725-00196041 change your network pattern at all you
p70pNF_An0U-00666-00196042-00196362 you continue to operate as you are you
p70pNF_An0U-00667-00196363-00196747 drop this in and you get an AI ml based
p70pNF_An0U-00668-00196748-00197071 pattern recognition and a higher level
p70pNF_An0U-00669-00197072-00197361 of security because now you can see
p70pNF_An0U-00670-00197362-00197632 things that you were not able to see the
p70pNF_An0U-00671-00197633-00197956 other thing it also allows for is a
p70pNF_An0U-00672-00197957-00198354 concept of deception and a honeypot so
p70pNF_An0U-00673-00198355-00198661 we can also set up a honeypot that is to
p70pNF_An0U-00674-00198662-00199009 look for attack patrons so instead of
p70pNF_An0U-00675-00199010-00199362 returning back an error or returning
p70pNF_An0U-00676-00199363-00199686 back a deny would basically take the
p70pNF_An0U-00677-00199687-00199923 request 10 no matter what even if it's
p70pNF_An0U-00678-00199924-00200253 going to a back-end system that doesn't
p70pNF_An0U-00679-00200254-00200541 exist or if the query is coming in that
p70pNF_An0U-00680-00200542-00200778 shouldn't be serviced will basically
p70pNF_An0U-00681-00200779-00201027 just take it in we won't respond to it
p70pNF_An0U-00682-00201028-00201184 obviously but we won't respond to it
p70pNF_An0U-00683-00201185-00201378 with a negative either and what that
p70pNF_An0U-00684-00201379-00201549 does is we start looking to see a
p70pNF_An0U-00685-00201550-00201876 pattern emerge out of that to see what
p70pNF_An0U-00686-00201877-00202161 is a typical attack against this
p70pNF_An0U-00687-00202162-00202398 particular API is somebody's enumerator
p70pNF_An0U-00688-00202399-00202764 is trying to you know change the payload
p70pNF_An0U-00689-00202765-00203107 say from JSON to XML so we can start
p70pNF_An0U-00690-00203108-00203896 looking at those things so you've got WS
p70pNF_An0U-00691-00203897-00204046 or two that is doing all of your access
p70pNF_An0U-00692-00204047-00204382 control rate-limiting privacy your
p70pNF_An0U-00693-00204383-00204653 message security all of your all of your
p70pNF_An0U-00694-00204654-00205008 encryption signature scanning validation
p70pNF_An0U-00695-00205009-00205351 data validation your payload validation
p70pNF_An0U-00696-00205352-00205662 and then when you when you drop ping
p70pNF_An0U-00697-00205663-00205894 intelligence for API on top of that in
p70pNF_An0U-00698-00205894-00206136 that sideband mode that we were just
p70pNF_An0U-00699-00206137-00206406 looking at what it starts now is you
p70pNF_An0U-00700-00206407-00206829 start getting more behavior related
p70pNF_An0U-00701-00206830-00207330 activity and more behavior related
p70pNF_An0U-00702-00207331-00207669 recognition of attacks that you can stop
p70pNF_An0U-00703-00207671-00207933 that you will verify so a lot of people
p70pNF_An0U-00704-00207934-00208204 also say well you know credential
p70pNF_An0U-00705-00208205-00208455 stuffing for example a credential
p70pNF_An0U-00706-00208456-00208696 stuffing attack actually does not want
p70pNF_An0U-00707-00208696-00208992 to do anything with your information at
p70pNF_An0U-00708-00208994-00209371 that particular place a credential
p70pNF_An0U-00709-00209371-00209544 stuffing attack normally works where
p70pNF_An0U-00710-00209546-00209688 somebody has found a credential and a
p70pNF_An0U-00711-00209689-00209896 username and they would basically run
p70pNF_An0U-00712-00209896-00210033 the same credential across multiple
p70pNF_An0U-00713-00210034-00210265 accounts or a same username and a
p70pNF_An0U-00714-00210266-00210456 credential across multiple different
p70pNF_An0U-00715-00210457-00210766 back-end systems and they'll do it so
p70pNF_An0U-00716-00210767-00211098 that it stays under the radar and and
p70pNF_An0U-00717-00211098-00211356 what what you'll get out of that is
p70pNF_An0U-00718-00211357-00211557 whenever it succeeds they basically just
p70pNF_An0U-00719-00211558-00211679 say yes that's a good
p70pNF_An0U-00720-00211680-00211853 Prudential and a good username
p70pNF_An0U-00721-00211854-00212210 credential there then that is sold in
p70pNF_An0U-00722-00212211-00212786 the market as a valid credential for an
p70pNF_An0U-00723-00212787-00212981 attack that might happen at a later time
p70pNF_An0U-00724-00212982-00213326 but with this kind of system you can
p70pNF_An0U-00725-00213327-00213629 actually see when the harvesting was
p70pNF_An0U-00726-00213630-00213917 happening rather than saying what the
p70pNF_An0U-00727-00213917-00214067 harvesting happened at some point I have
p70pNF_An0U-00728-00214067-00214238 no idea when the harvesting was done and
p70pNF_An0U-00729-00214239-00214467 I'm only able to find this information
p70pNF_An0U-00730-00214469-00214744 when the actual attack or when
p70pNF_An0U-00731-00214746-00214898 somebody's trying to access information
p70pNF_An0U-00732-00214898-00215240 using that compromised credential so you
p70pNF_An0U-00733-00215241-00215408 can actually see when harvesting is even
p70pNF_An0U-00734-00215409-00215813 done so what we can do is we can block
p70pNF_An0U-00735-00215814-00216209 by user by token by API key by cookie or
p70pNF_An0U-00736-00216210-00216455 by IP address all right those are the
p70pNF_An0U-00737-00216456-00216778 different macro level identifications
p70pNF_An0U-00738-00216779-00217201 that we can look at at an API layer and
p70pNF_An0U-00739-00217202-00217490 verify that those things should be doing
p70pNF_An0U-00740-00217491-00218156 what they're doing or not lastly because
p70pNF_An0U-00741-00218157-00218336 of the you know the dashboard that I was
p70pNF_An0U-00742-00218337-00218714 showing you you also get this single
p70pNF_An0U-00743-00218715-00219059 pane of glass view and a normally simple
p70pNF_An0U-00744-00219060-00219338 why is that important well so that is
p70pNF_An0U-00745-00219339-00219598 important because you could potentially
p70pNF_An0U-00746-00219600-00219890 have multiple data centers which means
p70pNF_An0U-00747-00219891-00220109 your API is and your services your
p70pNF_An0U-00748-00220110-00220273 back-end services are deployed in
p70pNF_An0U-00749-00220275-00220631 different places you also could be that
p70pNF_An0U-00750-00220632-00220792 you've gone through some kind of a
p70pNF_An0U-00751-00220792-00221126 acquisition or a merger and as part of
p70pNF_An0U-00752-00221127-00221402 that merger you might have different
p70pNF_An0U-00753-00221403-00221623 gateways deployed even while you're in
p70pNF_An0U-00754-00221625-00221804 the middle of consolidating two WS or
p70pNF_An0U-00755-00221805-00222200 two so whilst you're doing that you
p70pNF_An0U-00756-00222201-00222471 still need a single view of everything
p70pNF_An0U-00757-00222473-00222731 because otherwise you're just you know
p70pNF_An0U-00758-00222732-00222914 that's not like a two month or a two
p70pNF_An0U-00759-00222915-00223166 week or a one-month thing that could go
p70pNF_An0U-00760-00223167-00223382 on for you know for a long amount of
p70pNF_An0U-00761-00223383-00224285 time I think I'm losing my
p70pNF_An0U-00762-00224286-00224621 [Music]
p70pNF_An0U-00763-00224621-00224988 getting us here mr. okay sorry about
p70pNF_An0U-00764-00224989-00225531 that so so having that dashboard through
p70pNF_An0U-00765-00225532-00225780 different you know as a single way of
p70pNF_An0U-00766-00225781-00225912 looking at all the different clusters
p70pNF_An0U-00767-00225913-00226067 and all the different traffic is
p70pNF_An0U-00768-00226069-00226281 important because remember this is all
p70pNF_An0U-00769-00226282-00226533 about behavior and the more information
p70pNF_An0U-00770-00226534-00226782 you have the better your judging
p70pNF_An0U-00771-00226783-00226998 behavior and the better you're able to
p70pNF_An0U-00772-00226998-00227406 identify anomalous activity so having
p70pNF_An0U-00773-00227407-00227692 the traffic come through every place and
p70pNF_An0U-00774-00227694-00227961 all of that traffic getting analyzed
p70pNF_An0U-00775-00227962-00228576 gives you a much wider picture so
p70pNF_An0U-00776-00228577-00228944 conclusion you can definitely detect
p70pNF_An0U-00777-00228946-00229202 those breaches much faster you can get
p70pNF_An0U-00778-00229203-00229461 visibility into your API
p70pNF_An0U-00779-00229462-00229721 it could not be just a breach it could
p70pNF_An0U-00780-00229723-00229998 be miss configuration it could be bad
p70pNF_An0U-00781-00229998-00230430 coding it could be misplaced
p70pNF_An0U-00782-00230431-00230814 setup on your network or your data it
p70pNF_An0U-00783-00230815-00231062 could be misplaced access control rights
p70pNF_An0U-00784-00231063-00231606 right actual attacks and hacking is a
p70pNF_An0U-00785-00231607-00231885 very small portion is only one of those
p70pNF_An0U-00786-00231886-00232458 four things we've obviously won a lot of
p70pNF_An0U-00787-00232459-00232773 awards and lastly what we'd love for you
p70pNF_An0U-00788-00232773-00233153 guys to do is to try it for yourself so
p70pNF_An0U-00789-00233154-00233784 go to that URL and it'll help you get
p70pNF_An0U-00790-00233785-00234123 set up with a with a with a demo and
p70pNF_An0U-00791-00234123-00234405 just look for the traffic look to see
p70pNF_An0U-00792-00234406-00234753 what you are able to see that was not
p70pNF_An0U-00793-00234754-00235158 visible before I always tell people you
p70pNF_An0U-00794-00235159-00235448 can't prevent something that you can't
p70pNF_An0U-00795-00235450-00235859 see so if you don't know about something
p70pNF_An0U-00796-00235860-00236132 what are you gonna do about it nothing
p70pNF_An0U-00797-00236133-00236661 so try it and with that I'll open up the
p70pNF_An0U-00798-00236662-00236910 questions
p7e4VwvWpfA-00000-00000129-00001039 [Music]
p7e4VwvWpfA-00001-00001040-00001511 y2k 1999
p7e4VwvWpfA-00002-00001512-00001759 2012
p7e4VwvWpfA-00003-00001760-00002014 all right all right
p7e4VwvWpfA-00004-00002016-00002279 out of nowhere
p7e4VwvWpfA-00005-00002280-00002510 so it goes
p7e4VwvWpfA-00006-00002511-00002750 two thumbs down
p7e4VwvWpfA-00007-00002751-00003175 i got some notes these dang old
p7e4VwvWpfA-00008-00003176-00003399 end times
p7e4VwvWpfA-00009-00003400-00003722 man it's a bad time
p7e4VwvWpfA-00010-00003722-00004011 [Laughter]
p7e4VwvWpfA-00011-00004013-00004502 [Music]
p7e4VwvWpfA-00012-00004503-00004751 everybody's
p7e4VwvWpfA-00013-00004752-00004991 going nuts
p7e4VwvWpfA-00014-00004992-00005238 welcome welcome friends
p7e4VwvWpfA-00015-00005239-00005454 to the club
p7e4VwvWpfA-00016-00005455-00005711 a glitch or something
p7e4VwvWpfA-00017-00005712-00005967 there must be
p7e4VwvWpfA-00018-00005968-00006375 can we get a different algorithm please
p7e4VwvWpfA-00019-00006376-00006639 these dang old
p7e4VwvWpfA-00020-00006640-00006763 end
p7e4VwvWpfA-00021-00006764-00007351 times man it's bad time
p7e4VwvWpfA-00022-00007352-00007534 it ain't a good time
p7e4VwvWpfA-00023-00007536-00007991 [Music]
p7e4VwvWpfA-00024-00007992-00008255 change is hard
p7e4VwvWpfA-00025-00008256-00008503 change is good
p7e4VwvWpfA-00026-00008504-00008767 changes for the better
p7e4VwvWpfA-00027-00008768-00008991 knock on wood
p7e4VwvWpfA-00028-00008992-00009271 spun up and spun out
p7e4VwvWpfA-00029-00009272-00009519 holy geez
p7e4VwvWpfA-00030-00009520-00009767 i only hope we don't
p7e4VwvWpfA-00031-00009768-00010199 land on our knees these dang old
p7e4VwvWpfA-00032-00010200-00010414 end times
p7e4VwvWpfA-00033-00010415-00010610 man it's a bad time
p7e4VwvWpfA-00034-00010611-00010903 [Music]
p7e4VwvWpfA-00035-00010904-00011431 it ain't a good time
p7e4VwvWpfA-00036-00011432-00011990 dang old end times
p7e4VwvWpfA-00037-00011991-00014175 [Music]
p7e4VwvWpfA-00038-00014176-00014384 you
p8oUDAHONjI-00000-00000890-00001240 to listen to our colleagues to what is
p8oUDAHONjI-00001-00001241-00001489 an active listener to paraphrase to
p8oUDAHONjI-00002-00001490-00001767 pause before we speak to stop and think
p8oUDAHONjI-00003-00001768-00002097 in reflect lots of reflecting time
p8oUDAHONjI-00004-00002098-00002539 together formally and informally I think
p8oUDAHONjI-00005-00002540-00002808 having a minutes that your teacher aides
p8oUDAHONjI-00006-00002809-00002971 Learning Assistance anyone that is
p8oUDAHONjI-00007-00002972-00003204 working in your studio or your classroom
p8oUDAHONjI-00008-00003205-00003411 you'll have whatever you call it can
p8oUDAHONjI-00009-00003412-00003540 have access to and they know the
p8oUDAHONjI-00010-00003542-00003684 conversations that have been happening
p8oUDAHONjI-00011-00003685-00003915 but the informal chats are just as
p8oUDAHONjI-00012-00003917-00004221 important supporting each other to be
p8oUDAHONjI-00013-00004222-00004479 when we all have those days we just feel
p8oUDAHONjI-00014-00004480-00004702 like we want to walk away thats all got
p8oUDAHONjI-00015-00004703-00004921 too hard and we can pick that up with
p8oUDAHONjI-00016-00004922-00005082 one of our colleagues and know how they
p8oUDAHONjI-00017-00005083-00005322 feel and give them support and give them
p8oUDAHONjI-00018-00005323-00005472 opportunity to go and grab a coffee or
p8oUDAHONjI-00019-00005473-00005842 something like that that's hugely hugely
p8oUDAHONjI-00020-00005843-00006070 successful net that person feels like
p8oUDAHONjI-00021-00006071-00006253 yeah they're part of this team and my
p8oUDAHONjI-00022-00006254-00006906 colleagues care about me
p8oUDAHONjI-00023-00006908-00007111 Oh
p9Z45a4gqOg-00000-00000085-00001272 [Music]
p9Z45a4gqOg-00001-00001273-00003038 [Music]
p9Z45a4gqOg-00003-00006246-00006761 [Music]
p9Z45a4gqOg-00005-00010801-00011432 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00000-00000070-00000725 I still recall my first award expedition
psdNa4ufmag-00001-00000726-00001025 ten years ago who set out for our bronze
psdNa4ufmag-00002-00001026-00001343 expedition with great expectations
psdNa4ufmag-00003-00001344-00001586 mentors and participants at the same
psdNa4ufmag-00004-00001587-00001848 goal to get as many new experiences as
psdNa4ufmag-00005-00001848-00002050 possible
psdNa4ufmag-00006-00002051-00002335 today we pass our knowledge and skills
psdNa4ufmag-00007-00002336-00002557 unto future generations on their
psdNa4ufmag-00008-00002558-00003631 expeditions around the world as the
psdNa4ufmag-00009-00003632-00003856 international award instructor and a
psdNa4ufmag-00010-00003857-00004081 passionate cinematographer I have
psdNa4ufmag-00011-00004082-00004261 returned to Mauritius for new adventures
psdNa4ufmag-00012-00004262-00004588 a gorgeous island in the middle of the
psdNa4ufmag-00013-00004589-00004867 Indian Ocean a perfect destination for
psdNa4ufmag-00014-00004868-00005107 the youth expedition of Slovene boys and
psdNa4ufmag-00015-00005108-00005207 Marisa
psdNa4ufmag-00016-00005208-00007778 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00017-00007779-00009674 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00018-00009675-00010004 this is a special award among all those
psdNa4ufmag-00019-00010005-00010241 hours is helping me a lot
psdNa4ufmag-00020-00010242-00010448 preliminary economic discussions the
psdNa4ufmag-00021-00010449-00010652 Duke of Edinburgh Award will help me
psdNa4ufmag-00022-00010653-00010877 further in my studies become more
psdNa4ufmag-00023-00010878-00011123 independent was non Prieta studies in
psdNa4ufmag-00024-00011124-00011416 Slovenia this helped you to exchange
psdNa4ufmag-00025-00011417-00011846 your views ideas with that youngsters of
psdNa4ufmag-00026-00011847-00011981 the same age like you
psdNa4ufmag-00027-00011982-00012296 so definitely after the award you you
psdNa4ufmag-00028-00012297-00012603 grew up
psdNa4ufmag-00029-00012604-00013985 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00030-00013986-00014244 Delanie pure private equipment with
psdNa4ufmag-00031-00014244-00014496 thunder boom orchid first it have fun
psdNa4ufmag-00032-00014497-00014891 the song la otra second need to have an
psdNa4ufmag-00033-00014891-00015384 memorable journey to be able to find
psdNa4ufmag-00034-00015385-00015561 each and every solution of every
psdNa4ufmag-00035-00015562-00015807 problems we are here to explore their
psdNa4ufmag-00036-00015808-00015944 culture and they are here to explore our
psdNa4ufmag-00037-00015946-00016773 culture further than first shots my
psdNa4ufmag-00038-00016774-00017109 dance costume now Bieber is Mary Sarah
psdNa4ufmag-00039-00017110-00017415 would flow mouse track go much you miss
psdNa4ufmag-00040-00017416-00017679 do co-chairing as Cory caution is in
psdNa4ufmag-00041-00017680-00017835 church are encased in dragon colonies
psdNa4ufmag-00042-00017836-00018579 and video of Corina
psdNa4ufmag-00043-00018580-00019188 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00044-00019189-00019464 wherever you go each way begins with a
psdNa4ufmag-00045-00019465-00019773 set goal take a deep breath and set out
psdNa4ufmag-00046-00019774-00019940 for an amazing adventure
psdNa4ufmag-00047-00019941-00020357 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00048-00020358-00020606 at first we were a little shy because we
psdNa4ufmag-00049-00020607-00020879 don't know the guys and I think they
psdNa4ufmag-00050-00020880-00021053 were shy as well we didn't talk that
psdNa4ufmag-00051-00021054-00021275 much but then on the first date cell
psdNa4ufmag-00052-00021276-00021533 when we got lost in the forest we just
psdNa4ufmag-00053-00021534-00021728 forgot about our differences and just
psdNa4ufmag-00054-00021729-00021980 you know walked hand in hand to finish
psdNa4ufmag-00055-00021981-00022370 the tracks and so I really liked it I
psdNa4ufmag-00056-00022371-00022631 was act it was actually funny that we
psdNa4ufmag-00057-00022632-00023080 got lost and we had a lot of fun
psdNa4ufmag-00058-00023081-00023584 by Pune is my subpoenas Villa panco an
psdNa4ufmag-00059-00023585-00023816 array key first of all the necessary
psdNa4ufmag-00060-00023817-00024302 code Umbria panko super calmly well Mia
psdNa4ufmag-00061-00024303-00024631 Valdes Patersons Agassi directive Rico
psdNa4ufmag-00062-00024632-00024911 in our personal pet salon owner goes a
psdNa4ufmag-00063-00024912-00024978 remarkable
psdNa4ufmag-00064-00024979-00026092 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00066-00029260-00029661 Bachir Samanas cumin carrot donessa coup
psdNa4ufmag-00067-00029662-00030066 de lapin visto gusta flash lejana the
psdNa4ufmag-00068-00030067-00030258 chair is Morgan's acquittal philosophy
psdNa4ufmag-00069-00030258-00030377 remain for fine
psdNa4ufmag-00070-00030379-00032157 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00071-00032158-00032974 new day rain patient listen to the
psdNa4ufmag-00072-00032975-00033054 nature
psdNa4ufmag-00073-00033055-00033604 wait the Sun comes back landscape is
psdNa4ufmag-00074-00033605-00033874 calling you take this adventure don't
psdNa4ufmag-00075-00033875-00034123 miss the chance make a choice
psdNa4ufmag-00076-00034124-00034435 prepare yourself brush your teeth be
psdNa4ufmag-00077-00034436-00034507 happy
psdNa4ufmag-00078-00034508-00034739 pack it and go
psdNa4ufmag-00079-00034740-00036845 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00080-00036846-00037193 okay dojin II need some ogre hearted
psdNa4ufmag-00081-00037194-00037562 chess somebody so that is Shiva carried
psdNa4ufmag-00082-00037563-00037817 me adulterous grassman a Java being
psdNa4ufmag-00083-00037818-00038153 enabled about the decimals at it I I was
psdNa4ufmag-00084-00038154-00038423 very afraid but and I was a big disk
psdNa4ufmag-00085-00038424-00038726 away because my health was not good I
psdNa4ufmag-00086-00038727-00038975 was a bit sick I was putting blood but
psdNa4ufmag-00087-00038976-00039200 then thanks to them they were here
psdNa4ufmag-00088-00039201-00039422 telling me no you can't take out tissue
psdNa4ufmag-00089-00039423-00039719 they gave me you can just go for it and
psdNa4ufmag-00090-00039720-00039989 then when I see them get why why God I
psdNa4ufmag-00091-00039990-00040259 went big hands they have so many bugs
psdNa4ufmag-00092-00040260-00040562 and I don't know I was really they are
psdNa4ufmag-00093-00040563-00040646 very humble
psdNa4ufmag-00094-00040647-00040958 they worry sweet ok they kept on telling
psdNa4ufmag-00095-00040959-00041171 us they have already reached there but
psdNa4ufmag-00096-00041172-00041399 they can they came back to see us where
psdNa4ufmag-00097-00041400-00041825 are we you still there you ok you but it
psdNa4ufmag-00098-00041826-00042163 was amazing it was amazing
psdNa4ufmag-00099-00042164-00043236 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00100-00043237-00043532 he reversed I wanna touch the Dan and
psdNa4ufmag-00101-00043533-00043724 Hotel water talking for me fan Panisse
psdNa4ufmag-00102-00043725-00043877 approval permissible for panic and
psdNa4ufmag-00103-00043878-00044065 reactor subroutines personal voice they
psdNa4ufmag-00104-00044066-00044290 donate then narubu is a cause on a boat
psdNa4ufmag-00105-00044291-00044645 assuming linear exact image tiger in
psdNa4ufmag-00106-00044646-00044876 yeah a toy but very good I Morales Waker
psdNa4ufmag-00107-00044877-00045242 the sake of saving book margin in water
psdNa4ufmag-00108-00045243-00047617 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00109-00047618-00048044 before I did not know how to make a dent
psdNa4ufmag-00110-00048045-00048410 how to do team building how to plan food
psdNa4ufmag-00111-00048411-00048731 form so many days how to pack it and how
psdNa4ufmag-00112-00048732-00049040 to cook it how to light the fire and all
psdNa4ufmag-00113-00049041-00049409 all difficulties this is what the Duke
psdNa4ufmag-00114-00049410-00049604 of Edinburgh international award taught
psdNa4ufmag-00115-00049605-00049703 me
psdNa4ufmag-00116-00049704-00050866 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00117-00050867-00051215 cain't celibate rezvov Edom tree near
psdNa4ufmag-00118-00051216-00051479 miss and am Bettina dhaba restore
psdNa4ufmag-00119-00051479-00051821 chances of Budo Qin Zi Nixon able to
psdNa4ufmag-00120-00051822-00052165 touch aqua Buddha the Buddha postal
psdNa4ufmag-00121-00052166-00052328 instructor elementary
psdNa4ufmag-00122-00052329-00052679 Crotty mobile team xuxa Shara to take a
psdNa4ufmag-00123-00052679-00053135 programmer commissioned a pemain Veda
psdNa4ufmag-00124-00053136-00053561 new break ooh an eyeball chic Janine
psdNa4ufmag-00125-00053562-00054021 abortion
psdNa4ufmag-00126-00054022-00054643 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00127-00054644-00055037 Priya Telstra mr. priest of record store
psdNa4ufmag-00128-00055038-00055280 in T music assist college they made
psdNa4ufmag-00129-00055281-00055611 Mauricio song in Slovenia boil to the go
psdNa4ufmag-00130-00055612-00055959 top of salivation to Toyota Stradella
psdNa4ufmag-00131-00055960-00056165 many people save and buy the instant
psdNa4ufmag-00132-00056166-00056523 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00133-00056524-00056717 it has been great so far
psdNa4ufmag-00134-00056719-00056928 dr. Brava hey Bonnie can I bought
psdNa4ufmag-00135-00056929-00057080 attacks in the gym in a store
psdNa4ufmag-00136-00057082-00057366 frankly speaking Volition's would not
psdNa4ufmag-00137-00057366-00057592 have done what they have done I just
psdNa4ufmag-00138-00057594-00057882 enjoyed their company okay it's a
psdNa4ufmag-00139-00057883-00058101 conscious agus and I bought the tutush
psdNa4ufmag-00140-00058102-00058389 make you proud of these cases ago a
psdNa4ufmag-00141-00058390-00058782 child I want to write oh no manners no
psdNa4ufmag-00142-00058783-00059169 the best they learned so much from us on
psdNa4ufmag-00143-00059170-00059400 the motion and we learned a lot from
psdNa4ufmag-00144-00059401-00059687 demos
psdNa4ufmag-00145-00059688-00060949 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00146-00060950-00061191 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00147-00061191-00061510 every expedition brings new experiences
psdNa4ufmag-00148-00061511-00061753 which is of utmost importance for its
psdNa4ufmag-00149-00061754-00062107 participants they get stronger gain new
psdNa4ufmag-00150-00062108-00062398 knowledge and make new friendships in
psdNa4ufmag-00151-00062399-00062667 short they become self-confident
psdNa4ufmag-00152-00062669-00063041 creators of their life story
psdNa4ufmag-00153-00063042-00065505 [Music]
psdNa4ufmag-00154-00065507-00065874 you
psdNa4ufmag-00155-00065875-00066195 [Music]
psQdwFhqp84-00000-00001592-00001751 towards the end of the last lecture we
psQdwFhqp84-00001-00001752-00001910 started to
psQdwFhqp84-00002-00001911-00002118 draw some conclusions about
psQdwFhqp84-00003-00002119-00002359 where the energy
psQdwFhqp84-00004-00002360-00002534 that is input
psQdwFhqp84-00005-00002535-00002783 into a spray going or input into a spray
psQdwFhqp84-00006-00002784-00002950 nozzle going
psQdwFhqp84-00007-00002951-00003142 so we started to say that
psQdwFhqp84-00008-00003143-00003422 there is two forms of energy in the
psQdwFhqp84-00009-00003423-00003590 spray itself
psQdwFhqp84-00010-00003592-00003919 the bulk kinetic energy available in
psQdwFhqp84-00011-00003920-00004127 each and every drop
psQdwFhqp84-00012-00004128-00004375 that is moving added over all the drops
psQdwFhqp84-00013-00004376-00004638 that are moving is a substantial amount
psQdwFhqp84-00014-00004639-00004999 of the total energy in the spray
psQdwFhqp84-00015-00005000-00005222 the second aspect is this increased
psQdwFhqp84-00016-00005223-00005447 interfacial area
psQdwFhqp84-00017-00005448-00005686 of the drops themselves from their
psQdwFhqp84-00018-00005687-00005951 parent configuration where i had imagine
psQdwFhqp84-00019-00005952-00006183 all the liquid in one drop and i had
psQdwFhqp84-00020-00006184-00006510 some mechanical grater that grated this
psQdwFhqp84-00021-00006511-00006759 draw this big drop into a bunch of
psQdwFhqp84-00022-00006759-00006998 smaller drops as it turns out that
psQdwFhqp84-00023-00007000-00007263 grating process will call it atomizing
psQdwFhqp84-00024-00007264-00007391 process
psQdwFhqp84-00025-00007392-00007583 cannot happen without increasing the
psQdwFhqp84-00026-00007584-00007831 kinetic energy of the drops themselves
psQdwFhqp84-00027-00007831-00008046 the daughter drops themselves
psQdwFhqp84-00028-00008047-00008271 which means that there is some amount of
psQdwFhqp84-00029-00008272-00008519 energy that is stored in the half mv
psQdwFhqp84-00030-00008520-00008695 squared of every drop
psQdwFhqp84-00031-00008696-00008903 and then on top of that
psQdwFhqp84-00032-00008904-00009087 there is an increase in the interfacial
psQdwFhqp84-00033-00009088-00009263 area and therefore the interfacial
psQdwFhqp84-00034-00009264-00009574 energy as it turns out while we set out
psQdwFhqp84-00035-00009575-00009878 to increase the interfacial energy that
psQdwFhqp84-00036-00009879-00010046 was our interfacial
psQdwFhqp84-00037-00010047-00010206 area
psQdwFhqp84-00038-00010207-00010399 and we said that in order for me to
psQdwFhqp84-00039-00010400-00010663 increase the interfacial area there is a
psQdwFhqp84-00040-00010664-00010910 cost associated with that interfacial
psQdwFhqp84-00041-00010911-00011023 energy
psQdwFhqp84-00042-00011024-00011278 but that cost was very very small in
psQdwFhqp84-00043-00011279-00011599 comparison to the actual energy that we
psQdwFhqp84-00044-00011600-00011895 that we typically put into a spray and
psQdwFhqp84-00045-00011896-00012183 the reason for that is that the kinetic
psQdwFhqp84-00046-00012184-00012478 energy of all the drops moving is very
psQdwFhqp84-00047-00012479-00012719 high in comparison to the increased
psQdwFhqp84-00048-00012720-00012974 interfacial area
psQdwFhqp84-00049-00012975-00013071 this
psQdwFhqp84-00050-00013072-00013438 increase in kinetic energy is the reason
psQdwFhqp84-00051-00013440-00013671 why is basically the biggest reservoir
psQdwFhqp84-00052-00013672-00013975 of all the energy that we input into the
psQdwFhqp84-00053-00013976-00014230 spray nozzle itself ok
psQdwFhqp84-00054-00014231-00014479 so essentially we started to look will
psQdwFhqp84-00055-00014480-00014663 start to look at some spray nozzle
psQdwFhqp84-00056-00014663-00014783 designs
psQdwFhqp84-00057-00014784-00015007 and look at this underlying principle of
psQdwFhqp84-00058-00015008-00015191 kinetic energy versus
psQdwFhqp84-00059-00015191-00015671 interfacial energy
psQdwFhqp84-00060-00015672-00015950 so spray nozzle
psQdwFhqp84-00061-00015951-00016055 we
psQdwFhqp84-00062-00016056-00016207 started to say
psQdwFhqp84-00064-00020368-00020583 is sort of a crude definition
psQdwFhqp84-00065-00020584-00020839 but as it turns out
psQdwFhqp84-00066-00020840-00023791 it increases
psQdwFhqp84-00067-00023792-00024111 ok a spray nozzle does both of these
psQdwFhqp84-00068-00024112-00024367 in differing magnitudes
psQdwFhqp84-00069-00024368-00024494 so
psQdwFhqp84-00070-00024495-00024767 we need to understand why it does this
psQdwFhqp84-00071-00024768-00025063 and what are the what is the reason why
psQdwFhqp84-00072-00025064-00025286 the increased increase in kinetic energy
psQdwFhqp84-00073-00025287-00025463 is usually much higher than the increase
psQdwFhqp84-00074-00025464-00025662 in the interfacial energy
psQdwFhqp84-00075-00025663-00025814 we look at these two
psQdwFhqp84-00076-00025816-00026631 reasons today
psQdwFhqp84-00077-00026632-00027246 in a typical spray
psQdwFhqp84-00078-00027247-00027423 so we are now looking at the mechanics
psQdwFhqp84-00079-00027424-00028255 of a typical spray nozzle
psQdwFhqp84-00080-00028256-00031135 the first step is to convert
psQdwFhqp84-00081-00031136-00031414 the first step in any in most spray
psQdwFhqp84-00082-00031416-00031518 nozzles
psQdwFhqp84-00083-00031519-00031679 is to
psQdwFhqp84-00084-00031680-00031774 take
psQdwFhqp84-00085-00031775-00032111 a pressurized source of liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00086-00032112-00032367 if it is not already pressurized
psQdwFhqp84-00087-00032368-00032655 it is then pressurized this is
psQdwFhqp84-00088-00032656-00032935 this is our initial source of energy the
psQdwFhqp84-00089-00032936-00033143 plunger pushing like before i push the
psQdwFhqp84-00090-00033144-00033399 plunger chances are the perfume inside
psQdwFhqp84-00091-00033400-00033655 is at atmospheric pressure the act of
psQdwFhqp84-00092-00033656-00033846 pushing the plunger down causes the
psQdwFhqp84-00093-00033847-00034062 pressure to go up slightly so the first
psQdwFhqp84-00094-00034063-00034295 thing is i have this pressure energy we
psQdwFhqp84-00095-00034296-00034535 look at that in some quantitative terms
psQdwFhqp84-00096-00034536-00034743 later on but essentially there is
psQdwFhqp84-00097-00034744-00034918 this idea that fluid at a higher
psQdwFhqp84-00098-00034919-00035190 pressure has some capacity to do work
psQdwFhqp84-00099-00035191-00035407 which is nothing but energy right
psQdwFhqp84-00100-00035408-00035630 that pressure energy is converted into
psQdwFhqp84-00101-00035631-00035918 kinetic energy inside the nozzle we are
psQdwFhqp84-00102-00035919-00036174 not yet where we have atomized it okay
psQdwFhqp84-00103-00036175-00036271 so just
psQdwFhqp84-00104-00036272-00036551 bulk liquid inside the spray nozzle is
psQdwFhqp84-00105-00036552-00036774 moving faster than it is
psQdwFhqp84-00106-00036775-00036983 then of course the rest condition where
psQdwFhqp84-00107-00036984-00037174 it is just sitting at the bottom of a
psQdwFhqp84-00108-00037175-00037502 reservoir that increased kinetic energy
psQdwFhqp84-00109-00037503-00037759 is a first step in this spray process
psQdwFhqp84-00110-00037760-00037983 and then that increased liquid kinetic
psQdwFhqp84-00111-00037984-00038174 energy i will call this bulk kinetic
psQdwFhqp84-00112-00038175-00038455 energy of the bulk liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00113-00038456-00038743 here let me actually do it like ah
psQdwFhqp84-00114-00038744-00038990 be a little more precise with this so
psQdwFhqp84-00115-00038991-00039183 essentially alco the
psQdwFhqp84-00116-00039184-00039430 pressure energy is converted into bulk
psQdwFhqp84-00117-00039431-00040007 liquid kinetic energy
psQdwFhqp84-00118-00040008-00040262 ok so it is still bulk liquid i use the
psQdwFhqp84-00119-00040263-00040518 word bulk the phrase bulk liquid to
psQdwFhqp84-00120-00040519-00040662 denote
psQdwFhqp84-00121-00040663-00040783 non
psQdwFhqp84-00122-00040784-00041039 liquid so it is still in the form of a
psQdwFhqp84-00123-00041040-00041311 contiguous medium basically okay this
psQdwFhqp84-00124-00041312-00041583 bulk liquid then goes through some other
psQdwFhqp84-00125-00041584-00041862 process
psQdwFhqp84-00126-00041863-00042583 to give rise to atomized liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00127-00042584-00042918 ok so now this is in the form of drops
psQdwFhqp84-00128-00042919-00043158 the kinetic energy of the bulk liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00129-00043159-00043271 inside
psQdwFhqp84-00130-00043272-00043495 if i have to go to my real ideal spray
psQdwFhqp84-00131-00043496-00043758 that we started to describe that i use
psQdwFhqp84-00132-00043759-00044071 and i input energy that energy
psQdwFhqp84-00133-00044072-00044302 is goes to increase interfacial area so
psQdwFhqp84-00134-00044303-00044495 i put in 10 power minus 6 joules of
psQdwFhqp84-00135-00044496-00044815 energy i get 10 micron fragments of
psQdwFhqp84-00136-00044816-00045102 liquid that is my dream atomizer but if
psQdwFhqp84-00137-00045103-00045343 i go through this root this mechanistic
psQdwFhqp84-00138-00045344-00045446 root
psQdwFhqp84-00139-00045447-00045718 i already accelerated the bulk liquid to
psQdwFhqp84-00140-00045719-00045918 some kinetic energy
psQdwFhqp84-00141-00045919-00046167 that kinetic energy cannot go back into
psQdwFhqp84-00142-00046168-00046462 the liquid as interfacial energy because
psQdwFhqp84-00143-00046463-00046735 that is also going against this idea of
psQdwFhqp84-00144-00046736-00046902 quality of energy
psQdwFhqp84-00145-00046903-00047039 moving liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00146-00047040-00047262 is like a very very very very refined
psQdwFhqp84-00147-00047263-00047607 highest source of highest form of energy
psQdwFhqp84-00148-00047608-00047839 interfacial energy is also
psQdwFhqp84-00149-00047840-00048167 not is a lower quality energy source
psQdwFhqp84-00150-00048168-00048262 than
psQdwFhqp84-00151-00048263-00048671 mechanical moving parts moving entities
psQdwFhqp84-00152-00048672-00048967 so this kinetic energy cannot go back
psQdwFhqp84-00153-00048968-00049143 into
psQdwFhqp84-00154-00049144-00049407 interfacial energy alone with hundred
psQdwFhqp84-00155-00049408-00049702 percent efficiency
psQdwFhqp84-00156-00049703-00050007 okay it cannot spontaneously
psQdwFhqp84-00157-00050008-00050327 go back to interfacial in to interfacial
psQdwFhqp84-00158-00050328-00050423 energy
psQdwFhqp84-00159-00050424-00050751 okay is everybody with me on this that
psQdwFhqp84-00160-00050752-00051086 i have mechanical energy which cannot
psQdwFhqp84-00161-00051087-00051326 for it it cannot spontaneously go back
psQdwFhqp84-00162-00051327-00051446 to become
psQdwFhqp84-00163-00051447-00051694 interfacial energy it is sort of like
psQdwFhqp84-00164-00051695-00051799 saying
psQdwFhqp84-00165-00051800-00052054 heat spontaneously becoming work or heat
psQdwFhqp84-00166-00052055-00052302 spontaneously becoming a mechanical
psQdwFhqp84-00167-00052303-00052566 shaft it cannot happen at 100 percent
psQdwFhqp84-00168-00052567-00052815 efficiency it could happen but surely
psQdwFhqp84-00169-00052816-00053142 not at 100 efficiency therefore you are
psQdwFhqp84-00170-00053144-00053287 always going to be left with some
psQdwFhqp84-00171-00053288-00053663 kinetic energy
psQdwFhqp84-00172-00053664-00054047 of this drops
psQdwFhqp84-00173-00054048-00054926 plus interfacial energy
psQdwFhqp84-00174-00054927-00055023 so
psQdwFhqp84-00175-00055024-00055230 well you actually i cannot say that it
psQdwFhqp84-00176-00055232-00055494 cannot happen at 100 efficiency although
psQdwFhqp84-00177-00055495-00055623 it can
psQdwFhqp84-00178-00055624-00055791 thermodynamically there is no reason to
psQdwFhqp84-00179-00055791-00055911 believe that
psQdwFhqp84-00180-00055912-00056063 process cannot be hundred percent
psQdwFhqp84-00181-00056064-00056263 efficient because this is not a cyclic
psQdwFhqp84-00182-00056264-00056494 process because all of our ideas of
psQdwFhqp84-00183-00056495-00056654 second law are only valid for cyclic
psQdwFhqp84-00184-00056655-00056911 processes this is not a cycle at least i
psQdwFhqp84-00185-00056912-00057079 have drops in motion let us say some
psQdwFhqp84-00186-00057079-00057207 fast motion
psQdwFhqp84-00187-00057208-00057471 can i get stationary
psQdwFhqp84-00188-00057472-00057791 tiny fragments out of it
psQdwFhqp84-00189-00057791-00058007 no reason to believe that cannot happen
psQdwFhqp84-00190-00058008-00058335 but unlikely we will see in a moment in
psQdwFhqp84-00191-00058336-00058550 most instances you get some remnant
psQdwFhqp84-00192-00058551-00058894 kinetic energy in the drops
psQdwFhqp84-00193-00058895-00059126 ok and that kinetic energy is still
psQdwFhqp84-00194-00059127-00059311 substantial in comparison to this
psQdwFhqp84-00195-00059312-00059526 increased interfacial energy
psQdwFhqp84-00196-00059527-00059791 so this is the route in which most
psQdwFhqp84-00197-00059791-00060263 mechanical atomizers work
psQdwFhqp84-00198-00060264-00060463 i will give you just a simple thought
psQdwFhqp84-00199-00060464-00060823 example of a non-mechanical atomizer
psQdwFhqp84-00200-00060824-00061047 if i take a drop of liquid and imagine i
psQdwFhqp84-00201-00061048-00061311 have embedded a tiny amount of
psQdwFhqp84-00202-00061312-00061623 some power in it some explosive
psQdwFhqp84-00203-00061624-00061871 at the center of this blob of liquid and
psQdwFhqp84-00204-00061872-00062079 i explored it
psQdwFhqp84-00205-00062079-00062311 so there was a chemical energy in that
psQdwFhqp84-00206-00062312-00062503 explosive
psQdwFhqp84-00207-00062504-00062742 at the end of it
psQdwFhqp84-00208-00062744-00062926 if i can create
psQdwFhqp84-00209-00062927-00063175 stationary blobs
psQdwFhqp84-00210-00063176-00063399 without any dissipation then all of the
psQdwFhqp84-00211-00063400-00063566 chemical energy in the explosive is
psQdwFhqp84-00212-00063567-00063775 completely converted into interfacial
psQdwFhqp84-00213-00063776-00063911 energy
psQdwFhqp84-00214-00063912-00064182 okay if i can do it through that root
psQdwFhqp84-00215-00064183-00064526 but as it turns out fluid mechanically
psQdwFhqp84-00216-00064527-00064854 the only route to creating an atomized
psQdwFhqp84-00217-00064855-00065142 spray is through increasing the bulk
psQdwFhqp84-00218-00065144-00065438 kinetic energy and then using
psQdwFhqp84-00219-00065439-00065655 that kinetic energy and some sort of an
psQdwFhqp84-00220-00065656-00065782 instability
psQdwFhqp84-00221-00065783-00066047 in that flow field to give rise to tiny
psQdwFhqp84-00222-00066048-00066231 drops
psQdwFhqp84-00223-00066232-00066479 we will look at this in in great detail
psQdwFhqp84-00224-00066480-00066599 later on
psQdwFhqp84-00225-00066600-00066894 ok so essentially
psQdwFhqp84-00226-00066895-00067319 this root
psQdwFhqp84-00227-00067320-00068606 is what is called primary atomization
psQdwFhqp84-00228-00068607-00068959 this route of taking pressurized liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00229-00068960-00069175 increasing the kinetic energy of that
psQdwFhqp84-00230-00069176-00069319 bulk liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00231-00069320-00069550 and some fluid mechanic process in the
psQdwFhqp84-00232-00069551-00069999 middle
psQdwFhqp84-00233-00070000-00070206 typically some sort of an instability in
psQdwFhqp84-00234-00070207-00070399 the fluid mechanic flow fields we will
psQdwFhqp84-00235-00070400-00070735 see this later on gives rise to
psQdwFhqp84-00236-00070736-00071047 atomized liquid that has kinetic energy
psQdwFhqp84-00237-00071048-00071438 and some increased interfacial energy
psQdwFhqp84-00238-00071439-00071567 this is the
psQdwFhqp84-00239-00071568-00071719 this process of
psQdwFhqp84-00240-00071720-00071855 breaking up
psQdwFhqp84-00241-00071856-00072135 contiguous liquid into fragments
psQdwFhqp84-00242-00072136-00072447 is called primary atomization
psQdwFhqp84-00243-00072448-00072671 to distinguish this from
psQdwFhqp84-00244-00072672-00072847 obviously if i call this primary
psQdwFhqp84-00245-00072848-00073135 atomization i better define a secondary
psQdwFhqp84-00246-00073136-00073375 atomization
psQdwFhqp84-00247-00073376-00073606 otherwise the word primary has no
psQdwFhqp84-00248-00073607-00074431 meaning
psQdwFhqp84-00249-00074432-00076606 i will use the word blobs
psQdwFhqp84-00250-00076607-00076879 the blobs formed from the second primary
psQdwFhqp84-00251-00076880-00077150 atomization
psQdwFhqp84-00252-00077151-00077703 phase
psQdwFhqp84-00253-00077704-00078087 undergo further breakup
psQdwFhqp84-00254-00078088-00078694 so somehow
psQdwFhqp84-00255-00078695-00079247 these blobs of liquid are themselves
psQdwFhqp84-00256-00079248-00079687 not stable
psQdwFhqp84-00257-00079688-00080126 and therefore are likely to break up
psQdwFhqp84-00258-00080127-00080350 this process is what we call secondary
psQdwFhqp84-00259-00080351-00081735 atomization
psQdwFhqp84-00260-00081736-00081855 ok
psQdwFhqp84-00261-00081856-00082031 so
psQdwFhqp84-00262-00082032-00082279 from nozzle to nozzle we look at in in
psQdwFhqp84-00263-00082280-00082494 just a moment we look at about a dozen
psQdwFhqp84-00264-00082495-00082887 different designs of these spray nozzles
psQdwFhqp84-00265-00082888-00083126 the common theme
psQdwFhqp84-00266-00083127-00083318 is going to be
psQdwFhqp84-00267-00083319-00083703 i need a source of energy
psQdwFhqp84-00268-00083704-00084023 i need a source of liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00269-00084024-00084271 i need a process by which that energy
psQdwFhqp84-00270-00084272-00084582 source interacts with the liquid source
psQdwFhqp84-00271-00084583-00085047 and causes the liquid to break up
psQdwFhqp84-00272-00085048-00085359 that is primary breakup
psQdwFhqp84-00273-00085360-00085550 after the breakup
psQdwFhqp84-00274-00085551-00085767 has happened the primary breakup has
psQdwFhqp84-00275-00085768-00085862 happened
psQdwFhqp84-00276-00085863-00086071 these blobs of liquid that are formed
psQdwFhqp84-00277-00086072-00086311 blobs could be tiny drops or big blobs
psQdwFhqp84-00278-00086312-00086471 you know i just use the word
psQdwFhqp84-00279-00086472-00086767 interchangeably these blobs of liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00280-00086768-00087006 could be more unstable could be unstable
psQdwFhqp84-00281-00087007-00087303 still and break up to smaller drops or
psQdwFhqp84-00282-00087304-00087479 blobs later on
psQdwFhqp84-00283-00087480-00087831 okay that later on process
psQdwFhqp84-00284-00087832-00088006 we will come to later the later on
psQdwFhqp84-00285-00088007-00088111 process
psQdwFhqp84-00286-00088112-00088447 is relatively insensitive to these
psQdwFhqp84-00287-00088448-00088750 nozzle designs so in other words
psQdwFhqp84-00288-00088751-00089047 the blob a blob of liquid breaking up
psQdwFhqp84-00289-00089048-00089255 sort of depends on the local flow field
psQdwFhqp84-00290-00089256-00089462 around that blob of liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00291-00089463-00089815 and it has in some sense forgotten the
psQdwFhqp84-00292-00089816-00089982 design of the nozzle through which it
psQdwFhqp84-00293-00089983-00090094 has come
psQdwFhqp84-00294-00090095-00090311 because it now only depends on its local
psQdwFhqp84-00295-00090312-00090606 environment versus the primary breakup
psQdwFhqp84-00296-00090607-00090911 process where i have an energy source i
psQdwFhqp84-00297-00090912-00091143 have a source of bulk liquid i bring
psQdwFhqp84-00298-00091144-00091375 these two together inside my nozzle and
psQdwFhqp84-00299-00091376-00091535 cause them to exchange energy to the
psQdwFhqp84-00300-00091536-00091759 point where the bulk liquid breaks up
psQdwFhqp84-00301-00091760-00092094 that is my primary objective in the
psQdwFhqp84-00302-00092095-00092303 primary instability process and i am
psQdwFhqp84-00303-00092304-00092518 going to facilitate that through this
psQdwFhqp84-00304-00092519-00092838 nozzle design that is the objective of
psQdwFhqp84-00305-00092839-00093103 trying to actively engineer a design in
psQdwFhqp84-00306-00093104-00093335 a spray nozzle right as opposed to just
psQdwFhqp84-00307-00093336-00093574 sort of let them come together
psQdwFhqp84-00308-00093575-00093679 all right
psQdwFhqp84-00309-00093680-00093767 so
psQdwFhqp84-00310-00093768-00094894 the objective of a spray nozzle
psQdwFhqp84-00311-00094895-00095671 is to allow interaction
psQdwFhqp84-00312-00095672-00095831 between
psQdwFhqp84-00313-00095832-00095903 a
psQdwFhqp84-00314-00095904-00096518 an energy source
psQdwFhqp84-00315-00096519-00096662 and b
psQdwFhqp84-00316-00096663-00097503 a bulk liquid source
psQdwFhqp84-00317-00097504-00097711 different atomizer designs do this
psQdwFhqp84-00318-00097712-00098006 differently different atomizer designs
psQdwFhqp84-00319-00098007-00098271 work with different energy sources
psQdwFhqp84-00320-00098272-00098535 different atomizer designs are intended
psQdwFhqp84-00321-00098536-00098718 to work with different kinds of bulk
psQdwFhqp84-00322-00098719-00098838 liquids
psQdwFhqp84-00323-00098839-00099079 ok so therefore
psQdwFhqp84-00324-00099080-00099335 so many different choices for a and b
psQdwFhqp84-00325-00099336-00099511 as many different designs for spray
psQdwFhqp84-00326-00099512-00099679 nozzles all right
psQdwFhqp84-00327-00099680-00099982 so will now look at starting with some
psQdwFhqp84-00328-00099983-00101071 fairly simple designs
psQdwFhqp84-00329-00101072-00101238 we will look at a few different designs
psQdwFhqp84-00330-00101239-00101511 here
psQdwFhqp84-00331-00101512-00101591 ok
psQdwFhqp84-00332-00101592-00101782 this is sort of a
psQdwFhqp84-00333-00101783-00101999 it is actually a
psQdwFhqp84-00334-00102000-00102215 diesel injector that is shown in this
psQdwFhqp84-00335-00102216-00102359 schematic
psQdwFhqp84-00336-00102360-00102575 the diesel injector
psQdwFhqp84-00337-00102576-00103718 has a source of fuel as you can see
psQdwFhqp84-00338-00103719-00103982 the fuel flows through this
psQdwFhqp84-00339-00103983-00104215 passage
psQdwFhqp84-00340-00104216-00104639 and is and usually fills this
psQdwFhqp84-00341-00104640-00105247 gap here or this this area this volume
psQdwFhqp84-00342-00105248-00105607 and there is a rocker mechanism
psQdwFhqp84-00343-00105608-00105743 the that
psQdwFhqp84-00344-00105744-00105927 is released
psQdwFhqp84-00345-00105928-00106175 by storing energy into a spring and this
psQdwFhqp84-00346-00106176-00106399 imagine it just abruptly comes pushes
psQdwFhqp84-00347-00106400-00106831 this liquid out of of this injector
psQdwFhqp84-00348-00106832-00107039 ok so this is like a pulse of liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00349-00107040-00107190 that comes out
psQdwFhqp84-00350-00107191-00107286 and
psQdwFhqp84-00351-00107288-00107495 the morphology of the liquid coming out
psQdwFhqp84-00352-00107496-00107743 if i zoom out on this side here
psQdwFhqp84-00353-00107744-00108263 what does that look like
psQdwFhqp84-00354-00108264-00108854 this whole thing is still bulk liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00355-00108855-00109310 this bulk liquid is now accelerated
psQdwFhqp84-00356-00109311-00110071 through this orifice
psQdwFhqp84-00357-00110072-00110278 it is just it is just a through hole its
psQdwFhqp84-00358-00110279-00110527 just a drilled hole basically what comes
psQdwFhqp84-00359-00110528-00110919 out is a jet
psQdwFhqp84-00360-00110920-00111247 this jet is moving at some velocity
psQdwFhqp84-00361-00111248-00111615 so i have taken the spring energy
psQdwFhqp84-00362-00111616-00111839 converted first into pressure energy in
psQdwFhqp84-00363-00111840-00112095 the liquid and that pressure
psQdwFhqp84-00364-00112096-00112295 is act that pressurized liquid is
psQdwFhqp84-00365-00112296-00112510 accelerated through this converging
psQdwFhqp84-00366-00112511-00112727 passage
psQdwFhqp84-00367-00112728-00112847 to give me
psQdwFhqp84-00368-00112848-00113334 a fast moving source of liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00369-00113335-00113575 this fast moving source of bulk fast
psQdwFhqp84-00370-00113576-00113766 moving bulk liquid has some kinetic
psQdwFhqp84-00371-00113767-00113983 energy in it
psQdwFhqp84-00372-00113983-00114319 now what is the source of
psQdwFhqp84-00373-00114320-00114534 i need some source of energy to break
psQdwFhqp84-00374-00114535-00114678 this up
psQdwFhqp84-00375-00114679-00115007 right as it turns out in this case it is
psQdwFhqp84-00376-00115008-00115302 the air around
psQdwFhqp84-00377-00115303-00115486 that is at rest
psQdwFhqp84-00378-00115488-00115671 so imagine
psQdwFhqp84-00379-00115672-00115831 you can think of it in many ways but the
psQdwFhqp84-00380-00115832-00115975 way i think is sort of the most
psQdwFhqp84-00381-00115976-00116143 intuitive is
psQdwFhqp84-00382-00116144-00116327 the liquid is moving very fast but if
psQdwFhqp84-00383-00116328-00116486 you are moving with the air with the
psQdwFhqp84-00384-00116488-00116719 liquid it is the air that is moving back
psQdwFhqp84-00385-00116720-00116847 very fast
psQdwFhqp84-00386-00116848-00117047 right in a relative frame of reference
psQdwFhqp84-00387-00117048-00117319 so it is as though i have taken a
psQdwFhqp84-00388-00117320-00117551 stationary column of liquid and i am
psQdwFhqp84-00389-00117552-00117702 moving air
psQdwFhqp84-00390-00117703-00117902 back in this direction at a very high
psQdwFhqp84-00391-00117903-00118110 velocity
psQdwFhqp84-00392-00118111-00118358 okay and that is the
psQdwFhqp84-00393-00118359-00118558 in if you want to imagine a source of
psQdwFhqp84-00394-00118559-00118775 energy the air is
psQdwFhqp84-00395-00118776-00118951 the kinetic energy of the air is a
psQdwFhqp84-00396-00118952-00119095 source of energy
psQdwFhqp84-00397-00119096-00119358 that source of energy
psQdwFhqp84-00398-00119359-00119686 destabilizes this interface
psQdwFhqp84-00399-00119688-00120023 and in turn strips of drops so i might
psQdwFhqp84-00400-00120024-00120383 create some drops
psQdwFhqp84-00401-00120383-00120671 stripping off from the side and as these
psQdwFhqp84-00402-00120672-00120958 drops are stripped from the side
psQdwFhqp84-00403-00120959-00121231 this core diameter decreases and
psQdwFhqp84-00404-00121232-00121863 essentially i get
psQdwFhqp84-00405-00121864-00122175 so if you will imagine this meniscus
psQdwFhqp84-00406-00122176-00122399 is now unstable because
psQdwFhqp84-00407-00122400-00122686 one part of the if i take a profile
psQdwFhqp84-00408-00122688-00122790 across
psQdwFhqp84-00409-00122791-00122990 some section like that
psQdwFhqp84-00410-00122991-00123254 this part is moving at a high velocity
psQdwFhqp84-00411-00123255-00123495 this part is relatively at rest so there
psQdwFhqp84-00412-00123496-00123878 is a shear layer here that develops
psQdwFhqp84-00413-00123879-00124127 that shear layer in some classical fluid
psQdwFhqp84-00414-00124128-00125047 mechanics sense has an inflection point
psQdwFhqp84-00415-00125048-00125223 an inflection point in a velocity
psQdwFhqp84-00416-00125224-00125366 profile
psQdwFhqp84-00417-00125367-00125534 ah
psQdwFhqp84-00418-00125535-00125702 is sufficient
psQdwFhqp84-00419-00125703-00125999 to call that velocity to
psQdwFhqp84-00420-00126000-00126102 ensure
psQdwFhqp84-00421-00126103-00126351 that the velocity profile is unstable
psQdwFhqp84-00422-00126352-00126551 and because of that you create an in you
psQdwFhqp84-00423-00126552-00126766 create a growth of that instability
psQdwFhqp84-00424-00126767-00127271 essentially shedding these drops
psQdwFhqp84-00425-00127272-00127478 ok so
psQdwFhqp84-00426-00127479-00127766 what is the area over which
psQdwFhqp84-00427-00127767-00128007 the fluid which is in this case the bulk
psQdwFhqp84-00428-00128008-00128663 liquid let us say diesel
psQdwFhqp84-00429-00128664-00128943 and air which is around interact it is
psQdwFhqp84-00430-00128944-00129166 the area of that interfacial area of the
psQdwFhqp84-00431-00129167-00129343 cylinder
psQdwFhqp84-00432-00129344-00129543 so if i want to increase that
psQdwFhqp84-00433-00129544-00129886 interfacial area essentially to
psQdwFhqp84-00434-00129888-00130078 facilitate this interaction in a more
psQdwFhqp84-00435-00130079-00130247 intimate fashion
psQdwFhqp84-00436-00130248-00130447 for the same volume of that liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00437-00130448-00130647 column i should increase the surface
psQdwFhqp84-00438-00130648-00130934 area of interaction
psQdwFhqp84-00439-00130935-00131078 okay
psQdwFhqp84-00440-00131079-00131239 so as it turns out
psQdwFhqp84-00441-00131240-00131399 a circle
psQdwFhqp84-00442-00131400-00131711 has the least perimeter for a given area
psQdwFhqp84-00443-00131712-00131951 a cylindrical column has the least
psQdwFhqp84-00444-00131952-00132102 surface area
psQdwFhqp84-00445-00132103-00132263 for a given
psQdwFhqp84-00446-00132264-00132423 height of the cylinder
psQdwFhqp84-00447-00132424-00132711 of liquid per unit volume
psQdwFhqp84-00448-00132712-00132871 right so it is going the other way
psQdwFhqp84-00449-00132872-00132951 around
psQdwFhqp84-00450-00132952-00133159 so ideally i should make the hole like a
psQdwFhqp84-00451-00133160-00133399 star shape or something
psQdwFhqp84-00452-00133400-00133654 that would increase the interfacial area
psQdwFhqp84-00453-00133655-00133814 for this energy
psQdwFhqp84-00454-00133815-00134007 in the air stream to interact with the
psQdwFhqp84-00455-00134008-00134119 liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00456-00134120-00134199 now
psQdwFhqp84-00457-00134200-00134431 i pose the problem as though the air is
psQdwFhqp84-00458-00134432-00134607 atomizing the liquid which is in fact
psQdwFhqp84-00459-00134608-00134814 the correct way to think of it but
psQdwFhqp84-00460-00134815-00135071 really speaking even if this liquid was
psQdwFhqp84-00461-00135072-00135390 injected into vacuum
psQdwFhqp84-00462-00135391-00135478 okay
psQdwFhqp84-00463-00135479-00135766 the liquid by virtue of its own inertia
psQdwFhqp84-00464-00135767-00136214 also breaks up ok but in a in a specific
psQdwFhqp84-00465-00136215-00136390 design that we are looking at here which
psQdwFhqp84-00466-00136391-00136614 is a diesel injector
psQdwFhqp84-00467-00136615-00136790 it is essentially a shear driven
psQdwFhqp84-00468-00136791-00137071 instability that causes this
psQdwFhqp84-00469-00137072-00137271 drops to be sheared from the surface
psQdwFhqp84-00470-00137272-00137527 area of the cylinder where i get
psQdwFhqp84-00471-00137528-00137775 tiny drops and sort of an experimental
psQdwFhqp84-00472-00137776-00138007 evidence that you can use as testament
psQdwFhqp84-00473-00138008-00138263 to my argument is that the
psQdwFhqp84-00474-00138264-00138543 drops formed are typically much smaller
psQdwFhqp84-00475-00138544-00138678 than
psQdwFhqp84-00476-00138679-00139054 the diameter of the hole itself
psQdwFhqp84-00477-00139055-00139223 ok and we will see examples where they
psQdwFhqp84-00478-00139224-00139383 are on the order of the diameter of the
psQdwFhqp84-00479-00139384-00139502 hole
psQdwFhqp84-00480-00139503-00139719 ok in fact
psQdwFhqp84-00481-00139720-00140039 the simplest example of a spray
psQdwFhqp84-00482-00140040-00140239 is a dripping faucet
psQdwFhqp84-00483-00140240-00140414 ok if i take a tie
psQdwFhqp84-00484-00140415-00140599 my bathroom faucet
psQdwFhqp84-00485-00140600-00140871 and allow it to just drip
psQdwFhqp84-00486-00140872-00141271 volume goes into the
psQdwFhqp84-00487-00141272-00141519 atomizer or my nozzle or the faucet
psQdwFhqp84-00488-00141520-00141847 itself comes out in the form of a drip
psQdwFhqp84-00489-00141848-00142014 inside the nozzle water is in a
psQdwFhqp84-00490-00142015-00142166 contiguous form
psQdwFhqp84-00491-00142167-00142247 is
psQdwFhqp84-00492-00142248-00142454 its one continuum
psQdwFhqp84-00493-00142455-00142678 once it comes out it is now discrete set
psQdwFhqp84-00494-00142679-00142799 of drops
psQdwFhqp84-00495-00142800-00142983 there is an increase in the interfacial
psQdwFhqp84-00496-00142984-00143166 energy in this process that is
psQdwFhqp84-00497-00143167-00143390 facilitated by gravity in that
psQdwFhqp84-00498-00143391-00143614 particular instance ok so that is the
psQdwFhqp84-00499-00143615-00143790 source of energy
psQdwFhqp84-00500-00143791-00144007 the faucet which is my atomizer is
psQdwFhqp84-00501-00144008-00144175 bringing it to bringing them together in
psQdwFhqp84-00502-00144176-00144366 some sense although its a very trivial
psQdwFhqp84-00503-00144367-00144607 case to think of but even in this in
psQdwFhqp84-00504-00144608-00144839 this instance the atomizer is
psQdwFhqp84-00505-00144840-00145054 introducing the liquid in a way that the
psQdwFhqp84-00506-00145055-00145271 air can destabilize the
psQdwFhqp84-00507-00145272-00145511 the liquid now and break up break the
psQdwFhqp84-00508-00145512-00145783 liquid up into
psQdwFhqp84-00509-00145784-00146095 ok so this is the simplest form of
psQdwFhqp84-00510-00146096-00146295 of an atomizer that i have taken
psQdwFhqp84-00511-00146296-00146463 pressure energy
psQdwFhqp84-00512-00146464-00146719 in the liquid so it is in the energy
psQdwFhqp84-00513-00146720-00147183 here is
psQdwFhqp84-00514-00147184-00147487 in the form of a pressurized liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00515-00147488-00147854 that pressurized liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00516-00147855-00148143 ah allows some of the pressure energy to
psQdwFhqp84-00517-00148144-00148335 be converted into
psQdwFhqp84-00518-00148336-00148551 kinetic energy in the liquid through
psQdwFhqp84-00519-00148552-00148799 when it accelerates through this passage
psQdwFhqp84-00520-00148800-00149183 and that kinetic energy in the liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00521-00149184-00149278 ah
psQdwFhqp84-00522-00149279-00149519 when is when it comes in contact with
psQdwFhqp84-00523-00149520-00149751 the air around
psQdwFhqp84-00524-00149752-00150199 which is now at rest creates this ins
psQdwFhqp84-00525-00150200-00150399 inflection point in the ins in the
psQdwFhqp84-00526-00150400-00150671 velocity profile between stagnant air
psQdwFhqp84-00527-00150672-00150902 here and fast moving liquid here and
psQdwFhqp84-00528-00150903-00151095 that inflection point is sufficient to
psQdwFhqp84-00529-00151096-00151214 cause this
psQdwFhqp84-00530-00151215-00151478 flow field to be unstable and cause
psQdwFhqp84-00531-00151479-00151726 drops to be sheared from the side
psQdwFhqp84-00532-00151727-00151878 so i have cylindrical column it breaks
psQdwFhqp84-00533-00151879-00152063 up okay this is a basic principle of
psQdwFhqp84-00534-00152064-00152351 operation of a diesel injector now if i
psQdwFhqp84-00535-00152352-00152575 want to increase the interfacial area
psQdwFhqp84-00536-00152576-00152783 between the liquid and the air like i
psQdwFhqp84-00537-00152784-00152943 said i have to go to some weird shape
psQdwFhqp84-00538-00152944-00153063 like a star
psQdwFhqp84-00539-00153064-00153343 as it turns out a star is not as weird
psQdwFhqp84-00540-00153344-00153439 the way
psQdwFhqp84-00541-00153440-00153663 people engineer a star into a diesel
psQdwFhqp84-00542-00153664-00154014 injector is by having multiple holes
psQdwFhqp84-00543-00154015-00154199 okay that is the reason for having
psQdwFhqp84-00544-00154200-00154478 multiple holes in a diesel injector
psQdwFhqp84-00545-00154479-00154735 instead of having one star shaped hole i
psQdwFhqp84-00546-00154736-00154887 can take six
psQdwFhqp84-00547-00154888-00155119 holes or five holes as many different
psQdwFhqp84-00548-00155120-00155271 designs have different
psQdwFhqp84-00549-00155272-00155551 ways of looking at it essentially i have
psQdwFhqp84-00550-00155552-00155766 taken the volume flow rate going into
psQdwFhqp84-00551-00155767-00156031 each of these orifices is one over n
psQdwFhqp84-00552-00156032-00156214 where n is the number of holes in
psQdwFhqp84-00553-00156215-00156390 relation to having all the flow rate go
psQdwFhqp84-00554-00156391-00156607 through one orifice so you can clearly
psQdwFhqp84-00555-00156608-00156839 see that the interfacial area available
psQdwFhqp84-00556-00156840-00157039 for the air to destabilize the liquid is
psQdwFhqp84-00557-00157040-00157111 now
psQdwFhqp84-00558-00157112-00157335 higher
psQdwFhqp84-00559-00157336-00157575 ok so in some sense the efficiency of
psQdwFhqp84-00560-00157576-00157807 atomization is better with multiple
psQdwFhqp84-00561-00157808-00158014 holes how far do i take this argument
psQdwFhqp84-00562-00158015-00158254 can i go to 100 holes on a diesel
psQdwFhqp84-00563-00158255-00158439 injector sure you can
psQdwFhqp84-00564-00158440-00158623 except the whole size then becomes
psQdwFhqp84-00565-00158624-00158943 extremely small so manufacturability is
psQdwFhqp84-00566-00158944-00159151 the bottom line constraint in all of
psQdwFhqp84-00567-00159152-00159278 this
psQdwFhqp84-00568-00159279-00159478 ok actually not completely the
psQdwFhqp84-00569-00159479-00159719 constraint manufacturability is one of
psQdwFhqp84-00570-00159720-00159847 two constraints
psQdwFhqp84-00571-00159848-00160119 the other constraint is the fuel quality
psQdwFhqp84-00572-00160120-00160287 itself
psQdwFhqp84-00573-00160288-00160487 ok diesel
psQdwFhqp84-00574-00160488-00160695 as clean as i can get from a gas station
psQdwFhqp84-00575-00160696-00160902 has tiny particles in it
psQdwFhqp84-00576-00160903-00161095 so if i make the hole if i have a way of
psQdwFhqp84-00577-00161096-00161335 drilling one micron holes a hundred of
psQdwFhqp84-00578-00161336-00161511 them at the bottom of a diesel injector
psQdwFhqp84-00579-00161512-00161623 tip
psQdwFhqp84-00580-00161624-00161863 i will clog it up in no time
psQdwFhqp84-00581-00161864-00162111 okay so that is the other side of this
psQdwFhqp84-00582-00162112-00162366 the whether you get the clogging process
psQdwFhqp84-00583-00162367-00162647 to be initiated from the combustion side
psQdwFhqp84-00584-00162648-00162790 so some soot particles coming and
psQdwFhqp84-00585-00162791-00163054 clogging it up or from the fuel side
psQdwFhqp84-00586-00163055-00163278 particles in the fluid in the fuel that
psQdwFhqp84-00587-00163279-00163599 come and get themselves embedded in this
psQdwFhqp84-00588-00163600-00163695 little
psQdwFhqp84-00589-00163696-00163799 orifice
psQdwFhqp84-00590-00163800-00163943 one way or the other
psQdwFhqp84-00591-00163944-00164223 its not good for the atomizer so owing
psQdwFhqp84-00592-00164224-00164447 to these two i can increase the number
psQdwFhqp84-00593-00164448-00164654 of holes to the point where
psQdwFhqp84-00594-00164655-00164902 to some judicious point where i still am
psQdwFhqp84-00595-00164903-00165231 not encountering clogging as a problem
psQdwFhqp84-00596-00165232-00165447 and manufacturability is not the issue
psQdwFhqp84-00597-00165448-00165526 ok
psQdwFhqp84-00598-00165527-00165702 thats how a diesel injector works the
psQdwFhqp84-00599-00165703-00165854 simplest of the kind
psQdwFhqp84-00600-00165855-00166031 as it turns out
psQdwFhqp84-00601-00166032-00166519 it is very inefficient at creating
psQdwFhqp84-00602-00166520-00166726 interfacial area
psQdwFhqp84-00603-00166727-00166990 okay so will go to the
psQdwFhqp84-00604-00166991-00167263 the one that is actually most widely
psQdwFhqp84-00605-00167264-00167383 used
psQdwFhqp84-00606-00167384-00168031 which is called a simplex swirl atomizer
psQdwFhqp84-00607-00168032-00168263 simplex swirl atomizer is by far the
psQdwFhqp84-00608-00168264-00168511 most commonly used of any
psQdwFhqp84-00609-00168512-00168759 spray nozzle design the basic principle
psQdwFhqp84-00610-00168760-00168975 of operation is this so imagine this is
psQdwFhqp84-00611-00168976-00169151 my nozzle
psQdwFhqp84-00612-00169152-00169399 instead of injecting the liquid straight
psQdwFhqp84-00613-00169400-00169551 through from
psQdwFhqp84-00614-00169552-00169751 from the top and allowing it to
psQdwFhqp84-00615-00169752-00169966 accelerate through a converging passage
psQdwFhqp84-00616-00169967-00170207 what is done is it is the fluid is
psQdwFhqp84-00617-00170208-00170535 injected through a set of tangential
psQdwFhqp84-00618-00170536-00170943 slots
psQdwFhqp84-00619-00170944-00172454 i will call this fuel or liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00620-00172455-00172623 liquid is injected through a set of
psQdwFhqp84-00621-00172624-00172799 tangential slots
psQdwFhqp84-00622-00172800-00172990 and what i have essentially done now
psQdwFhqp84-00623-00172991-00173214 this is the cross section
psQdwFhqp84-00625-00177448-00178983 at this section b b
psQdwFhqp84-00626-00178984-00179190 this is sort of the view shown here so
psQdwFhqp84-00627-00179191-00179463 essentially you can see the orifice is
psQdwFhqp84-00628-00179464-00179671 shown as two circles here
psQdwFhqp84-00629-00179672-00179863 really speaking they are sort of just
psQdwFhqp84-00630-00179864-00180126 shown there to give you the idea that
psQdwFhqp84-00631-00180127-00180319 that they are tangential orifices so
psQdwFhqp84-00632-00180320-00180454 they are better shown
psQdwFhqp84-00633-00180455-00180647 so this is the tangential injection
psQdwFhqp84-00634-00180648-00180766 passage
psQdwFhqp84-00635-00180767-00180990 and what i have what that does is i
psQdwFhqp84-00636-00180991-00181231 create a swirl inside here
psQdwFhqp84-00637-00181232-00181535 so this chamber
psQdwFhqp84-00638-00181536-00182295 is very often called a swirl chamber
psQdwFhqp84-00639-00182296-00182566 and the liquid is swirling say in this
psQdwFhqp84-00640-00182567-00182759 particular instance the way i have shown
psQdwFhqp84-00641-00182760-00183023 the view when i look from top the swirl
psQdwFhqp84-00642-00183024-00183287 is clockwise ok so the
psQdwFhqp84-00643-00183288-00183526 the fluid is swirling inside
psQdwFhqp84-00644-00183527-00183743 and when the swirling fluid goes through
psQdwFhqp84-00645-00183744-00184238 this converging passage
psQdwFhqp84-00646-00184239-00184543 i accelerate the swell just like simply
psQdwFhqp84-00647-00184544-00184726 using the principle of conservation of
psQdwFhqp84-00648-00184727-00184878 angular momentum
psQdwFhqp84-00649-00184879-00185159 just like a ice skater with the hands
psQdwFhqp84-00650-00185160-00185407 wide apart spins when the hands are
psQdwFhqp84-00651-00185408-00185671 drawn in the angular velocity of the ice
psQdwFhqp84-00652-00185672-00185814 skater goes up
psQdwFhqp84-00653-00185815-00186007 so
psQdwFhqp84-00654-00186008-00186278 in a very analogous manner the angular
psQdwFhqp84-00655-00186279-00186590 velocity of the fluid goes up
psQdwFhqp84-00656-00186591-00186831 and that increased angular velocity also
psQdwFhqp84-00657-00186832-00187095 has an increased centrifugal force of
psQdwFhqp84-00658-00187096-00187287 the liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00659-00187288-00187495 so all of the liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00660-00187496-00187823 because of this very high swirl velocity
psQdwFhqp84-00661-00187824-00187999 is now
psQdwFhqp84-00662-00188000-00188311 ah sticking to the walls of this exit
psQdwFhqp84-00663-00188312-00189263 orifice so this part
psQdwFhqp84-00664-00189264-00189463 is called the exit orifice it is just a
psQdwFhqp84-00665-00189464-00189663 straight hole
psQdwFhqp84-00666-00189664-00189878 except
psQdwFhqp84-00667-00189879-00190023 if i look at
psQdwFhqp84-00668-00190024-00190231 if this whole orifice was filled with
psQdwFhqp84-00669-00190232-00190478 liquid and the liquid is swirling
psQdwFhqp84-00670-00190479-00190719 essentially it is just like a spinning
psQdwFhqp84-00671-00190720-00190895 bucket you know i create a void in the
psQdwFhqp84-00672-00190896-00191007 middle
psQdwFhqp84-00673-00191008-00191238 because of that all of this is
psQdwFhqp84-00674-00191239-00191359 essentially
psQdwFhqp84-00675-00191360-00191454 air
psQdwFhqp84-00676-00191455-00192102 it is exactly like a spinning bucket
psQdwFhqp84-00677-00192103-00192359 the liquid is spinning
psQdwFhqp84-00678-00192360-00192590 it is also moving in the downward
psQdwFhqp84-00679-00192591-00192759 direction the way i have shown the
psQdwFhqp84-00680-00192760-00192863 picture
psQdwFhqp84-00681-00192864-00193014 because
psQdwFhqp84-00682-00193015-00193190 the volume of the soil chamber is
psQdwFhqp84-00683-00193191-00193511 constant
psQdwFhqp84-00684-00193512-00193775 and i am introducing more liquid from
psQdwFhqp84-00685-00193776-00194023 the tangential slots so the liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00686-00194024-00194287 inside the soil chamber has no choice
psQdwFhqp84-00687-00194288-00194487 but to come out
psQdwFhqp84-00688-00194488-00194583 ok
psQdwFhqp84-00689-00194584-00194743 the point the reason i am going through
psQdwFhqp84-00690-00194744-00194990 this gory explanation of this is because
psQdwFhqp84-00691-00194991-00195263 it has nothing to do with gravity
psQdwFhqp84-00692-00195264-00195495 this can be oriented anyway
psQdwFhqp84-00693-00195496-00195687 it is the incompressibility of the
psQdwFhqp84-00694-00195688-00195999 liquid that is causing the fuel the fuel
psQdwFhqp84-00695-00196000-00196295 to flow in the axial direction
psQdwFhqp84-00696-00196296-00196543 okay so this incompressibility of the
psQdwFhqp84-00697-00196544-00196871 fuel causes a small axial velocity but a
psQdwFhqp84-00698-00196872-00197207 very high swirl velocity
psQdwFhqp84-00699-00197208-00197359 notice how
psQdwFhqp84-00700-00197360-00197671 i can well we come to the ratio of the
psQdwFhqp84-00701-00197672-00197799 two velocities in a moment but
psQdwFhqp84-00702-00197800-00198007 essentially i have created a very high
psQdwFhqp84-00703-00198008-00198238 swirl velocity of this liquid and that
psQdwFhqp84-00704-00198239-00198471 high swirl velocity causes
psQdwFhqp84-00705-00198472-00198759 a low pressure region in the center line
psQdwFhqp84-00706-00198760-00199023 causing this air to be drawn in so there
psQdwFhqp84-00707-00199024-00199383 is a low pressure there
psQdwFhqp84-00708-00199384-00199663 ok and that just like a spinning bucket
psQdwFhqp84-00709-00199664-00199943 you know how if i take a bucket
psQdwFhqp84-00710-00199944-00200166 i start with a meniscus
psQdwFhqp84-00711-00200167-00200502 if i spin it around the center line i i
psQdwFhqp84-00712-00200503-00200719 spread this out into a parabola
psQdwFhqp84-00713-00200720-00201087 so that point has now come down
psQdwFhqp84-00714-00201088-00201350 ok so the water now occupies a
psQdwFhqp84-00715-00201351-00201559 where a shape where the meniscus is a
psQdwFhqp84-00716-00201560-00201719 parabola
psQdwFhqp84-00717-00201720-00201983 right a part of a parabola the
psQdwFhqp84-00718-00201984-00202254 this decrease in the meniscus
psQdwFhqp84-00719-00202255-00202343 level
psQdwFhqp84-00720-00202344-00202519 is exactly analogous to where the
psQdwFhqp84-00721-00202520-00202775 meniscus should have been here
psQdwFhqp84-00722-00202776-00203063 it is now back here
psQdwFhqp84-00723-00203064-00203278 ok because of this spin
psQdwFhqp84-00724-00203279-00203399 now
psQdwFhqp84-00725-00203400-00203535 the
psQdwFhqp84-00726-00203536-00203750 what i have essentially done here
psQdwFhqp84-00727-00203751-00203943 is i have taken
psQdwFhqp84-00728-00203944-00204119 this liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00729-00204120-00204407 and spread it out into a thin swirling
psQdwFhqp84-00730-00204408-00206766 film so this is my liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00731-00206767-00206846 ok
psQdwFhqp84-00732-00206848-00207127 this schematic is not actually to scale
psQdwFhqp84-00733-00207128-00207282 the
psQdwFhqp84-00734-00207283-00207782 thickness the thickness is usually
psQdwFhqp84-00735-00207783-00207982 less than 10 percent of the actual
psQdwFhqp84-00736-00207983-00208438 diameter
psQdwFhqp84-00737-00208439-00208727 the diameter of the orifice
psQdwFhqp84-00738-00208728-00208951 so if d or if s is the diameter of the
psQdwFhqp84-00739-00208952-00209255 orifice itself the thickness
psQdwFhqp84-00740-00209256-00209455 is very very small
psQdwFhqp84-00741-00209456-00209623 thickness of the liquid so most of the
psQdwFhqp84-00742-00209623-00209910 orifice is just interfacial
psQdwFhqp84-00743-00209911-00210310 is just air basically
psQdwFhqp84-00744-00210311-00210487 see how this is fundamentally different
psQdwFhqp84-00745-00210488-00210646 from the diesel
psQdwFhqp84-00746-00210648-00210903 case the diesel atomizer the diesel
psQdwFhqp84-00747-00210904-00211039 injector
psQdwFhqp84-00748-00211040-00211279 was a situation where the orifice was
psQdwFhqp84-00749-00211280-00211542 completely flooded with liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00750-00211544-00211806 the only interfacial area there was the
psQdwFhqp84-00751-00211807-00212055 surface area of that cylinder exiting
psQdwFhqp84-00752-00212056-00212246 the injector
psQdwFhqp84-00753-00212248-00212463 here the interface
psQdwFhqp84-00754-00212464-00212582 is now
psQdwFhqp84-00755-00212583-00212798 twofold there is an interface on the
psQdwFhqp84-00756-00212800-00213046 inside here and an interface on the
psQdwFhqp84-00757-00213048-00213479 outside
psQdwFhqp84-00758-00213480-00213694 so i get twice the
psQdwFhqp84-00759-00213696-00213903 benefit
psQdwFhqp84-00760-00213904-00214167 for the same orifice size and because i
psQdwFhqp84-00761-00214167-00214591 have spread it out into a very thin film
psQdwFhqp84-00762-00214592-00214758 they
psQdwFhqp84-00763-00214759-00214975 will the film thickness
psQdwFhqp84-00764-00214976-00215182 is one of two determinant two
psQdwFhqp84-00765-00215183-00215358 determinants
psQdwFhqp84-00766-00215359-00215606 of the final drop size the film
psQdwFhqp84-00767-00215607-00215831 thickness is very small ok we will see
psQdwFhqp84-00768-00215832-00216119 the benefits of this in a moment but
psQdwFhqp84-00769-00216119-00216342 the interfacial area of interaction
psQdwFhqp84-00770-00216344-00216655 between the air
psQdwFhqp84-00771-00216656-00217006 and the liquid is now twice as much as
psQdwFhqp84-00772-00217007-00217287 i have i had the chance to create in the
psQdwFhqp84-00773-00217288-00217527 diesel injector
psQdwFhqp84-00774-00217528-00217798 in addition
psQdwFhqp84-00775-00217800-00217934 in addition
psQdwFhqp84-00776-00217935-00218223 this is swirling
psQdwFhqp84-00777-00218223-00218471 okay the swirling film is naturally
psQdwFhqp84-00778-00218471-00218671 going to expand outwards once it exits
psQdwFhqp84-00779-00218671-00218894 the atomizer that's what you see here
psQdwFhqp84-00780-00218896-00219103 which is depicted in the form of this
psQdwFhqp84-00781-00219104-00219271 cone
psQdwFhqp84-00782-00219271-00219439 so i had a wall
psQdwFhqp84-00783-00219440-00219671 inside which this swirling film was
psQdwFhqp84-00784-00219671-00219798 sticking
psQdwFhqp84-00785-00219800-00219998 as soon as the liquid exits from the
psQdwFhqp84-00786-00220000-00220271 other side because the swirl
psQdwFhqp84-00787-00220271-00220471 creates an additional centrifugal force
psQdwFhqp84-00788-00220471-00220679 that is now unbalanced from the wall
psQdwFhqp84-00789-00220680-00220782 reaction
psQdwFhqp84-00790-00220783-00221015 it is going to further expand outwards
psQdwFhqp84-00791-00221016-00221279 and this further expansion outwards does
psQdwFhqp84-00792-00221280-00221455 two things one it increases the
psQdwFhqp84-00793-00221456-00221679 interfacial area between the air and the
psQdwFhqp84-00794-00221680-00221846 liquid even more
psQdwFhqp84-00795-00221848-00222191 and two it slows down the axi it slows
psQdwFhqp84-00796-00222192-00222455 down the swirl of the liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00797-00222456-00222623 its just now the reverse of the ice
psQdwFhqp84-00798-00222623-00222751 skater problem
psQdwFhqp84-00799-00222752-00222839 okay
psQdwFhqp84-00800-00222840-00223110 the objective of the swirl was twofold a
psQdwFhqp84-00801-00223111-00223303 to spread it out into a thin film spread
psQdwFhqp84-00802-00223304-00223623 the liquid out into a thin film and b
psQdwFhqp84-00803-00223623-00223839 increase the interfacial area of
psQdwFhqp84-00804-00223840-00224094 interaction and see
psQdwFhqp84-00805-00224096-00224334 because the
psQdwFhqp84-00806-00224335-00224575 actual kinetic energy remember we said
psQdwFhqp84-00807-00224576-00224846 this kinetic energy thing is a bad thing
psQdwFhqp84-00808-00224848-00225071 i do not want drops to be moving very
psQdwFhqp84-00809-00225071-00225255 fast or let us say if i have an
psQdwFhqp84-00810-00225256-00225510 application where i am only interested
psQdwFhqp84-00811-00225511-00225727 in increasing the interfacial energy of
psQdwFhqp84-00812-00225728-00225903 this liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00813-00225904-00226110 i really really do not want a fast
psQdwFhqp84-00814-00226111-00226271 moving spray
psQdwFhqp84-00815-00226271-00226398 ok but
psQdwFhqp84-00816-00226400-00226623 and like i said earlier like we said
psQdwFhqp84-00817-00226623-00226846 earlier that's a cost that we have to
psQdwFhqp84-00818-00226848-00227039 bear and i want to see if i can minimize
psQdwFhqp84-00819-00227040-00227342 it here is a way to minimize it
psQdwFhqp84-00820-00227344-00227694 the axial velocity of this liquid is
psQdwFhqp84-00821-00227696-00228031 only determined by the flow rate
psQdwFhqp84-00822-00228032-00228358 right so for the same flow rate i can
psQdwFhqp84-00823-00228359-00228591 increase the number of
psQdwFhqp84-00824-00228592-00228815 tangential orifices through which i
psQdwFhqp84-00825-00228816-00229127 inject the liquid into the soil chamber
psQdwFhqp84-00826-00229128-00229439 causing a high tangential velocity but
psQdwFhqp84-00827-00229440-00229663 low axial velocity the axial velocity
psQdwFhqp84-00828-00229664-00229863 being the same i can increase the
psQdwFhqp84-00829-00229864-00230055 tangential velocity
psQdwFhqp84-00830-00230056-00230175 of the motion
psQdwFhqp84-00831-00230176-00230358 the tangential velocity is what is
psQdwFhqp84-00832-00230359-00230646 responsible for this water to liquid to
psQdwFhqp84-00833-00230648-00230863 go stick to the walls creating a very
psQdwFhqp84-00834-00230864-00231039 thin film
psQdwFhqp84-00835-00231040-00231334 so i can create a as thin a film as i
psQdwFhqp84-00836-00231335-00231487 want for
psQdwFhqp84-00837-00231488-00231758 whatever be your flow rate by changing
psQdwFhqp84-00838-00231759-00231871 the design
psQdwFhqp84-00839-00231871-00232182 the diameters of the tangential orifices
psQdwFhqp84-00840-00232183-00232423 the tangential injection orifices and
psQdwFhqp84-00841-00232423-00233015 the number of those orifices
psQdwFhqp84-00842-00233016-00233294 this is an added degree of freedom i did
psQdwFhqp84-00843-00233296-00233558 not have in the diesel injector
psQdwFhqp84-00844-00233559-00233703 i can now
psQdwFhqp84-00845-00233704-00233882 control the axial
psQdwFhqp84-00846-00233883-00234223 motion which is set by my mass flow rate
psQdwFhqp84-00847-00234223-00234367 independent of
psQdwFhqp84-00848-00234367-00234615 the film thickness which like i am like
psQdwFhqp84-00849-00234616-00234806 i am going to show you is going to be
psQdwFhqp84-00850-00234807-00234998 one of the main determinants of the
psQdwFhqp84-00851-00235000-00235231 droplet size
psQdwFhqp84-00852-00235232-00235439 a simplex design
psQdwFhqp84-00853-00235440-00235679 allows you to control
psQdwFhqp84-00854-00235680-00235855 droplet size
psQdwFhqp84-00855-00235856-00236127 relatively independent of the mass flow
psQdwFhqp84-00856-00236128-00236358 rate that you put in
psQdwFhqp84-00857-00236359-00237215 in the previous diesel injector design
psQdwFhqp84-00858-00237216-00237431 if i increase the mass flow rate for the
psQdwFhqp84-00859-00237432-00237758 same orifice diameter
psQdwFhqp84-00860-00237759-00237894 i have
psQdwFhqp84-00861-00237896-00238151 essentially increased the velocity of
psQdwFhqp84-00862-00238152-00238487 the fuel of the liquid coming out
psQdwFhqp84-00863-00238488-00238710 which means i have increased the nature
psQdwFhqp84-00864-00238711-00238806 of the
psQdwFhqp84-00865-00238807-00239087 instability at the inflection point i am
psQdwFhqp84-00866-00239088-00239439 likely to get smaller drops
psQdwFhqp84-00867-00239440-00239687 so over in fact going back the other way
psQdwFhqp84-00868-00239688-00240006 in this injector design the only way to
psQdwFhqp84-00869-00240007-00240246 get smaller drops is to increase the
psQdwFhqp84-00870-00240248-00240479 velocity of the bulk liquid
psQdwFhqp84-00871-00240480-00240679 which if i do not change the orifice
psQdwFhqp84-00872-00240680-00240775 size
psQdwFhqp84-00873-00240776-00240879 means
psQdwFhqp84-00874-00240880-00241046 i am stuck with
psQdwFhqp84-00875-00241048-00241191 the same
psQdwFhqp84-00876-00241192-00241327 flow rate
psQdwFhqp84-00877-00241328-00241542 so one way to overcome it is to have
psQdwFhqp84-00878-00241544-00241839 multiple orifices injecting the
psQdwFhqp84-00879-00241840-00241967 fuel
psQdwFhqp84-00880-00241967-00242063 so
psQdwFhqp84-00881-00242064-00242279 for the same mass flow rate
psQdwFhqp84-00882-00242280-00242503 while in this particular design you only
psQdwFhqp84-00883-00242504-00242671 have one degree of freedom which is your
psQdwFhqp84-00884-00242671-00242934 orifice size here you have two degrees
psQdwFhqp84-00885-00242935-00243175 of freedom
psQdwFhqp84-00886-00243176-00243382 which is this tangential orifice
psQdwFhqp84-00887-00243383-00243598 diameter and their number as well as
psQdwFhqp84-00888-00243600-00244375 this orifice size
psQdwFhqp84-00889-00244376-00244591 both of these put together allow us
psQdwFhqp84-00890-00244592-00244798 independent control of the mass flow
psQdwFhqp84-00891-00244800-00244958 rate and the
psQdwFhqp84-00892-00244959-00245103 drop size
psQdwFhqp84-00893-00245104-00245342 to a over a fairly large operating
psQdwFhqp84-00894-00245344-00245534 region
psQdwFhqp84-00895-00245535-00245742 and that is i that is i think the main
psQdwFhqp84-00896-00245744-00245879 reason why
psQdwFhqp84-00897-00245880-00246023 this particular
psQdwFhqp84-00898-00246023-00246482 nozzle design is widely used ok in fact
psQdwFhqp84-00899-00246483-00246830 ah the real reason it is found wide
psQdwFhqp84-00900-00246831-00247039 commercial applicability
psQdwFhqp84-00901-00247040-00247271 is because
psQdwFhqp84-00902-00247271-00247487 i am not constrained by this orifice
psQdwFhqp84-00903-00247488-00247719 size you know this d orifice which is my
psQdwFhqp84-00904-00247719-00248287 orifice size
psQdwFhqp84-00905-00248288-00248527 can be a fairly large value i can have a
psQdwFhqp84-00906-00248528-00248758 fairly large sized
psQdwFhqp84-00907-00248759-00248927 hole that i drill
psQdwFhqp84-00908-00248928-00249215 and i am fluid mechanically causing the
psQdwFhqp84-00909-00249216-00249439 cross sectional area
psQdwFhqp84-00910-00249440-00249710 through which the liquid flows out
psQdwFhqp84-00911-00249711-00249982 to become small
psQdwFhqp84-00912-00249983-00250287 i am using fluid mechanic processes
psQdwFhqp84-00913-00250288-00250542 to decrease the cross-sectional area
psQdwFhqp84-00914-00250544-00250982 through which the fluid flows swirl
psQdwFhqp84-00915-00250983-00251191 ok so
psQdwFhqp84-00916-00251192-00251487 that is the reason i can create as
psQdwFhqp84-00917-00251488-00251639 tiny
psQdwFhqp84-00918-00251640-00251919 film as thin a film as i want to while
psQdwFhqp84-00919-00251919-00252167 having as relatively speaking again as
psQdwFhqp84-00920-00252167-00252355 big a hole as i can so from a
psQdwFhqp84-00921-00252356-00252606 manufacturability perspective its always
psQdwFhqp84-00922-00252607-00252767 a good thing when i do not have to drill
psQdwFhqp84-00923-00252767-00253063 tiny holes in metal parts its always a
psQdwFhqp84-00924-00253064-00253246 good thing ok
psQdwFhqp84-00925-00253248-00253342 when i
psQdwFhqp84-00926-00253344-00253551 have to go to a plastic molded component
psQdwFhqp84-00927-00253552-00253751 its an even better benefit you know that
psQdwFhqp84-00928-00253752-00254046 i do not have to work with tiny features
psQdwFhqp84-00929-00254048-00254223 molding tiny features in plastic is
psQdwFhqp84-00930-00254223-00254406 always a pain
psQdwFhqp84-00931-00254407-00254534 ok
psQdwFhqp84-00932-00254535-00254663 all right so
psQdwFhqp84-00933-00254664-00254910 this is a simple design that provides
psQdwFhqp84-00934-00254911-00255119 two degrees of freedom
psQdwFhqp84-00935-00255119-00255479 now when the film that spills out of the
psQdwFhqp84-00936-00255480-00255719 the film that spills out of the
psQdwFhqp84-00937-00255719-00255975 nozzle itself now is going to die is
psQdwFhqp84-00938-00255976-00256119 going to
psQdwFhqp84-00939-00256119-00256406 expand outwards
psQdwFhqp84-00940-00256407-00256558 and because
psQdwFhqp84-00941-00256559-00256775 you have a similar fluid mechanic
psQdwFhqp84-00942-00256776-00257063 instability so this film is now moving
psQdwFhqp84-00943-00257064-00257271 in this direction
psQdwFhqp84-00944-00257271-00257519 with the air being relatively speaking
psQdwFhqp84-00945-00257519-00257655 stationary
psQdwFhqp84-00946-00257656-00257855 so i have essentially if i take a cross
psQdwFhqp84-00947-00257856-00258119 section here i have the same inflection
psQdwFhqp84-00948-00258119-00258358 point in velocity profile
psQdwFhqp84-00949-00258359-00258646 so if i zoom that out on the side here
psQdwFhqp84-00950-00258648-00259303 this is my film
psQdwFhqp84-00951-00259304-00259615 this film is moving in this direction
psQdwFhqp84-00952-00259616-00259903 it may also have a small swirl component
psQdwFhqp84-00953-00259904-00260079 but that would have died out by the
psQdwFhqp84-00954-00260080-00260263 section that i have drawn so if i take
psQdwFhqp84-00955-00260264-00260334 this
psQdwFhqp84-00956-00260335-00260430 section
psQdwFhqp84-00957-00260431-00261087 cc
psQdwFhqp84-00958-00261088-00262215 the air outside is at rest
psQdwFhqp84-00959-00262216-00262367 but the liquid is moving at some
psQdwFhqp84-00960-00262368-00262567 velocity again i have the same
psQdwFhqp84-00961-00262568-00262710 inflection point
psQdwFhqp84-00962-00262711-00264639 in the velocity profile
psQdwFhqp84-00963-00264640-00266006 i think that is spelt inflection sorry
psQdwFhqp84-00964-00266007-00266334 not with an x ok this inflection point
psQdwFhqp84-00965-00266335-00266551 again is sufficient to
psQdwFhqp84-00966-00266552-00266806 to assure us that that velocity profile
psQdwFhqp84-00967-00266807-00267087 is unstable because of which we get a
psQdwFhqp84-00968-00267088-00267255 certain kind of instability we will look
psQdwFhqp84-00969-00267256-00268151 at that in some detail later on
psQdwFhqp84-00970-00268152-00268495 so this again causes this liquid film to
psQdwFhqp84-00971-00268496-00268743 further break up so downstream of here
psQdwFhqp84-00972-00268744-00269023 i'll change my pen color just to show
psQdwFhqp84-00973-00269024-00270767 you drops in blue
psQdwFhqp84-00974-00270768-00271039 these drops in blue are formed from this
psQdwFhqp84-00975-00271040-00271327 film from the breakup of this film
psQdwFhqp84-00976-00271328-00271487 ok we will look at
psQdwFhqp84-00977-00271488-00271647 we look at this in some more detail in
psQdwFhqp84-00978-00271648-00271887 the next class but there is some breakup
psQdwFhqp84-00979-00271888-00272039 processes
psQdwFhqp84-00980-00272040-00272319 processes that are causing this film to
psQdwFhqp84-00981-00272320-00272615 break up into drops this is our primary
psQdwFhqp84-00982-00272616-00272895 breakup process now some of these drops
psQdwFhqp84-00983-00272896-00273103 may be further unstable and later on
psQdwFhqp84-00984-00273104-00273319 they might they may break down into even
psQdwFhqp84-00985-00273320-00273534 smaller drops but and that is our
psQdwFhqp84-00986-00273535-00273734 secondary process but we are only going
psQdwFhqp84-00987-00273735-00274006 to focus on the primary frost process
psQdwFhqp84-00988-00274007-00274223 which is what the nozzle is responsible
psQdwFhqp84-00989-00274224-00274471 for
psQdwFhqp84-00990-00274472-00274558 okay
psQdwFhqp84-00991-00274559-00274687 now
psQdwFhqp84-00992-00274688-00274927 a problem with this is
psQdwFhqp84-00993-00274928-00275255 that i create drops
psQdwFhqp84-00994-00275256-00275487 let us say if i take a further section
psQdwFhqp84-00996-00279096-00279230 ok we are still talking about the
psQdwFhqp84-00997-00279231-00279423 simplex nozzle design
psQdwFhqp84-00998-00279424-00279606 if i have let us say one of those
psQdwFhqp84-00999-00279607-00279855 simplex nozzles
psQdwFhqp84-01000-00279856-00280063 that i showed in that schematic
psQdwFhqp84-01001-00280064-00280255 and i create this film that is spilling
psQdwFhqp84-01002-00280256-00280982 out
psQdwFhqp84-01003-00280983-00281743 this is the liquid film
psQdwFhqp84-01004-00281744-00281919 i am going to create these drops like i
psQdwFhqp84-01005-00281920-00282343 showed in that same schematic here
psQdwFhqp84-01006-00282344-00282591 if i take a section down here i will
psQdwFhqp84-01007-00282592-00283263 call this d d
psQdwFhqp84-01008-00283264-00283567 i am going to have more drops
psQdwFhqp84-01009-00283568-00284047 let us say this is my spray now
psQdwFhqp84-01010-00284048-00284247 i am going to have more drops in this
psQdwFhqp84-01011-00284248-00285351 region
psQdwFhqp84-01012-00285352-00286063 and less drops here
psQdwFhqp84-01013-00286064-00286271 so essentially
psQdwFhqp84-01014-00286272-00286558 that section dd
psQdwFhqp84-01015-00286559-00286823 if i was to take an image of the liquid
psQdwFhqp84-01016-00286824-00286919 itself
psQdwFhqp84-01017-00286920-00287071 liquid drops
psQdwFhqp84-01018-00287072-00287279 is going to be like a donut like a vada
psQdwFhqp84-01019-00287280-00287575 with a hole in the middle
psQdwFhqp84-01020-00287576-00287854 because there's going to be less
psQdwFhqp84-01021-00287855-00288079 mass flow rate of the drops in the
psQdwFhqp84-01022-00288080-00288263 middle
psQdwFhqp84-01023-00288264-00288430 okay there is going to be more mass flow
psQdwFhqp84-01024-00288431-00288671 rate through
psQdwFhqp84-01025-00288672-00288958 that cross sectional area
psQdwFhqp84-01026-00288959-00289134 so it is really going to look like a
psQdwFhqp84-01027-00289135-00289358 diffuse vada in other words i cannot
psQdwFhqp84-01028-00289359-00289543 tell when the hole appeared but it
psQdwFhqp84-01029-00289544-00289719 suddenly appears
psQdwFhqp84-01030-00289720-00289887 that is because
psQdwFhqp84-01031-00289888-00290199 just like the spray edge
psQdwFhqp84-01032-00290200-00290582 it is not a sharp sharply defined
psQdwFhqp84-01033-00290583-00290830 edge it is not like the edge of a pen we
psQdwFhqp84-01034-00290831-00291039 discussed this it is a
psQdwFhqp84-01035-00291040-00291430 relatively speaking a diffuse
psQdwFhqp84-01036-00291431-00291654 over which you had a spray and now there
psQdwFhqp84-01037-00291655-00291895 is no spray similarly on the inside you
psQdwFhqp84-01038-00291896-00292134 had a spray here and in the middle you
psQdwFhqp84-01039-00292135-00292527 have less density of drops
psQdwFhqp84-01040-00292528-00293415 so this is called a hollow cone spray
psQdwFhqp84-01041-00293416-00293879 so a simplex nozzle by design
psQdwFhqp84-01042-00293880-00294175 delivers a hollow cone spray so in other
psQdwFhqp84-01043-00294176-00294406 words all the drops are distributed into
psQdwFhqp84-01044-00294407-00294510 a
psQdwFhqp84-01045-00294511-00294775 nice hollow cone
psQdwFhqp84-01046-00294776-00294951 there are applications where it is
psQdwFhqp84-01047-00294952-00295127 actually good to have a hollow cone
psQdwFhqp84-01048-00295128-00295239 spray
psQdwFhqp84-01049-00295240-00295406 there are other applications where i
psQdwFhqp84-01050-00295407-00295606 would rather not have a hollow cone
psQdwFhqp84-01051-00295607-00295703 spray
psQdwFhqp84-01052-00295704-00296247 but more of a
psQdwFhqp84-01053-00296248-00296447 spray wear
psQdwFhqp84-01054-00296448-00296663 where i have a nice uniform distribution
psQdwFhqp84-01055-00296664-00297310 of drops
psQdwFhqp84-01056-00297311-00297479 unfortunately
psQdwFhqp84-01057-00297480-00297727 a simplex nozzle is a bad choice when i
psQdwFhqp84-01058-00297728-00297934 want a nice uniform distribution of
psQdwFhqp84-01059-00297935-00298399 drops
psQdwFhqp84-01060-00298400-00298471 ok
psQdwFhqp84-01061-00298472-00298727 we look at how to solve that problem a
psQdwFhqp84-01062-00298728-00298967 little later on so let us quickly recap
psQdwFhqp84-01063-00298968-00299519 what we have done today
psQdwFhqp84-01064-00299520-00299830 we looked at the energy budget
psQdwFhqp84-01065-00299831-00300087 for a spray nozzle and said
psQdwFhqp84-01066-00300088-00300295 it does two things it increases the
psQdwFhqp84-01067-00300296-00300487 kinetic energy
psQdwFhqp84-01068-00300488-00301151 it increases the interfacial energy
psQdwFhqp84-01069-00301152-00301367 while this is my objective i cannot do
psQdwFhqp84-01070-00301368-00301654 without this
psQdwFhqp84-01071-00301655-00301823 as you saw from the case of a diesel
psQdwFhqp84-01072-00301824-00301958 injector where
psQdwFhqp84-01073-00301959-00302175 i am increasing the kinetic energy in
psQdwFhqp84-01074-00302176-00302358 order to facilitate that inflection
psQdwFhqp84-01075-00302359-00302582 point in order to cause the breakup to
psQdwFhqp84-01076-00302583-00302767 happen
psQdwFhqp84-01077-00302768-00303054 so this is a as opposed to
psQdwFhqp84-01078-00303055-00303215 let us say
psQdwFhqp84-01079-00303216-00303487 a mechanical carrot grater
psQdwFhqp84-01080-00303488-00303743 where i control the breakup process by
psQdwFhqp84-01081-00303744-00303903 the frequency at which the greater
psQdwFhqp84-01082-00303904-00304110 approach is the carrot
psQdwFhqp84-01083-00304111-00304375 and the flow rate is how fast i move
psQdwFhqp84-01084-00304376-00304527 they can be
psQdwFhqp84-01085-00304528-00304654 unrelated
psQdwFhqp84-01086-00304655-00304823 but in this case they are they are
psQdwFhqp84-01087-00304824-00305110 coupled all right so
psQdwFhqp84-01088-00305111-00305479 with that we said simple design
psQdwFhqp84-01089-00305480-00305710 we looked at two separate designs
psQdwFhqp84-01090-00305711-00306247 one is a diesel injector
psQdwFhqp84-01091-00306248-00306454 which is essentially also called a
psQdwFhqp84-01092-00306455-00306719 through hole atomizer
psQdwFhqp84-01093-00306720-00307719 like a pressure jet atomizer
psQdwFhqp84-01094-00307720-00309863 the other example is a simplex design
psQdwFhqp84-01095-00309864-00310119 is also called a pressure swirl atomizer
psQdwFhqp84-01096-00310120-00310375 we looked at these two designs
psQdwFhqp84-01097-00310376-00310630 we have at least another 10 such
psQdwFhqp84-01098-00310631-00310879 nozzle designs to look at depending on
psQdwFhqp84-01099-00310880-00311071 remember we said there is an energy
psQdwFhqp84-01100-00311072-00311303 source there is a bulk liquid source
psQdwFhqp84-01101-00311304-00311519 the objective of a nozzle is to
psQdwFhqp84-01102-00311520-00311734 introduce the two to each other
psQdwFhqp84-01103-00311735-00311958 and cause the liquid to break up ok here
psQdwFhqp84-01104-00311959-00312103 are two ways of doing it we will find
psQdwFhqp84-01105-00312104-00312263 another
psQdwFhqp84-01106-00312264-00314687 few different ways in the next class
psQdwFhqp84-01107-00314688-00314896 you
pt2k2eSns0Q-00000-00001703-00002022 get ready
pt2k2eSns0Q-00001-00002023-00003023 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00002-00003024-00003470 um
pt2k2eSns0Q-00003-00003471-00005479 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00004-00005480-00006332 get ready fight
pt2k2eSns0Q-00005-00006333-00006559 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00006-00006559-00007109 oh
pt2k2eSns0Q-00007-00007111-00008001 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00008-00008002-00008831 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00009-00008832-00008991 get ready
pt2k2eSns0Q-00010-00008992-00009697 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00011-00009698-00010630 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00012-00010631-00011735 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00013-00011736-00011848 yes
pt2k2eSns0Q-00014-00011849-00012539 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00015-00012540-00012807 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00016-00012808-00012907 crap
pt2k2eSns0Q-00017-00012908-00015415 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00018-00015416-00017391 foreign
pt2k2eSns0Q-00019-00017392-00019240 hmm
pt2k2eSns0Q-00020-00019241-00019486 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00021-00019487-00020494 get ready
pt2k2eSns0Q-00022-00020495-00020621 huh
pt2k2eSns0Q-00023-00020622-00021602 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00024-00021603-00022583 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00025-00022584-00023407 what
pt2k2eSns0Q-00026-00023408-00023924 oh
pt2k2eSns0Q-00027-00023925-00024141 [Applause]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00028-00024142-00024683 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00029-00024684-00024791 [Applause]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00030-00024792-00025335 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00031-00025336-00027073 get ready
pt2k2eSns0Q-00032-00027074-00027462 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00033-00027463-00029088 uh
pt2k2eSns0Q-00034-00029089-00029870 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00035-00029872-00031727 get ready
pt2k2eSns0Q-00036-00031727-00032120 oh
pt2k2eSns0Q-00037-00032120-00033111 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00038-00033112-00033322 winners
pt2k2eSns0Q-00039-00033323-00035118 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00040-00035119-00036784 god
pt2k2eSns0Q-00041-00036785-00036951 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00042-00036952-00037483 huh
pt2k2eSns0Q-00043-00037484-00040351 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00044-00040352-00041983 get ready
pt2k2eSns0Q-00045-00041984-00042087 hey
pt2k2eSns0Q-00046-00042088-00042201 did i say
pt2k2eSns0Q-00047-00042202-00042957 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00048-00042958-00044655 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00049-00044656-00045990 get ready
pt2k2eSns0Q-00050-00045991-00046486 hey
pt2k2eSns0Q-00051-00046487-00048329 oh
pt2k2eSns0Q-00052-00048330-00049143 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00053-00049144-00050382 foreign
pt2k2eSns0Q-00054-00050383-00051252 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00055-00051253-00052463 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00056-00052464-00055357 get ready
pt2k2eSns0Q-00057-00055358-00056023 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00058-00056024-00057711 get ready
pt2k2eSns0Q-00059-00057712-00059247 oh
pt2k2eSns0Q-00060-00059248-00060559 get ready
pt2k2eSns0Q-00061-00060560-00062071 uh
pt2k2eSns0Q-00062-00062072-00063342 oh
pt2k2eSns0Q-00063-00063344-00063680 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00064-00063682-00064871 [Applause]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00065-00064872-00065720 kiki
pt2k2eSns0Q-00066-00065721-00067647 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00067-00067648-00068146 him
pt2k2eSns0Q-00068-00068147-00069231 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00069-00069232-00069399 hmm
pt2k2eSns0Q-00070-00069400-00070430 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00071-00070431-00070943 [Applause]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00072-00070944-00072297 foreign
pt2k2eSns0Q-00073-00072298-00072309 [Applause]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00074-00072310-00073709 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00075-00073710-00074662 [Music]
pt2k2eSns0Q-00076-00074663-00074872 you
pu01TVyIXQA-00000-00000197-00000600 foreign
pu01TVyIXQA-00002-00003629-00003854 foreign
pu01TVyIXQA-00003-00003854-00005798 [Music]
pu01TVyIXQA-00004-00005799-00006669 [Applause]
pu01TVyIXQA-00005-00006670-00007384 [Applause]
pu01TVyIXQA-00006-00007386-00007592 foreign
pu01TVyIXQA-00008-00011838-00012476 foreign
pu01TVyIXQA-00009-00012477-00013347 [Applause]
pu01TVyIXQA-00010-00013347-00014043 [Applause]
pu01TVyIXQA-00011-00014044-00014141 [Music]
pu01TVyIXQA-00012-00014141-00014944 [Applause]
pu01TVyIXQA-00013-00014944-00014994 [Music]
pu01TVyIXQA-00014-00014994-00015087 [Applause]
pu01TVyIXQA-00015-00015088-00015710 [Music]
pu01TVyIXQA-00016-00015711-00016808 [Applause]
pu01TVyIXQA-00017-00016809-00017311 [Applause]
pu01TVyIXQA-00018-00017312-00017523 thank you
pu01TVyIXQA-00019-00017524-00017839 [Applause]
pu01TVyIXQA-00021-00021500-00021740 thank you
pu01TVyIXQA-00022-00021741-00022936 [Music]
pu01TVyIXQA-00023-00022937-00023093 thank you
pu01TVyIXQA-00024-00023094-00023306 foreign
pu01TVyIXQA-00025-00023307-00024115 [Music]
pu01TVyIXQA-00026-00024116-00025808 [Music]
pxzxueuhOsy-00000-00000078-00000364 the housing market one year ago versus
pxzxueuhOsy-00001-00000365-00000503 today
pxzxueuhOsy-00002-00000504-00000844 in Austin at least you can get an
pxzxueuhOsy-00003-00000846-00000965 apartment now
pxzxueuhOsy-00004-00000966-00001295 a year ago you couldn't get one you sat
pxzxueuhOsy-00005-00001296-00001547 there online and apartment complexes
pxzxueuhOsy-00006-00001548-00001901 raised prices pretty much every day
pxzxueuhOsy-00007-00001902-00002075 to the point where you were paying
pxzxueuhOsy-00008-00002076-00002399 Seventeen hundred dollars for a box
pxzxueuhOsy-00009-00002400-00002687 that was in a fashionable area
pxzxueuhOsy-00010-00002688-00003041 now at least you can get housing this
pxzxueuhOsy-00011-00003042-00003238 employment report shows that people can
pxzxueuhOsy-00012-00003239-00003497 now get jobs or companies can actually
pxzxueuhOsy-00013-00003497-00003785 hire people and the world may actually
pxzxueuhOsy-00014-00003786-00003988 be normalizing
pxzxueuhOsy-00015-00003989-00004331 right the excesses of the last cycle are
pxzxueuhOsy-00016-00004332-00004559 being purged and that's good for the
pxzxueuhOsy-00017-00004560-00004667 Common Man
pxzxueuhOsy-00018-00004668-00004936 right Austin Texas became a miserable
pxzxueuhOsy-00019-00004937-00005272 place to live and now even though they
pxzxueuhOsy-00020-00005273-00005477 can't get the power back on
pxzxueuhOsy-00021-00005478-00005869 I think it's a lot better than it was
pzuzwWWrbTk-00000-00000000-00000545 yum commenting on my 10 already had
pzuzwWWrbTk-00001-00000546-00001490 eaten by wild they mount me know that
pzuzwWWrbTk-00002-00001491-00001934 cord and toasted about the generation
pzuzwWWrbTk-00003-00001935-00002279 act he with me because I feel what
pzuzwWWrbTk-00004-00002280-00002756 please put in them woods haha with your
pzuzwWWrbTk-00005-00002757-00003109 cousin me please come help me how I
pzuzwWWrbTk-00006-00003110-00003506 wanna see why from generation act and I
pzuzwWWrbTk-00007-00003507-00003650 want to let you know that we will be
pzuzwWWrbTk-00008-00003651-00003970 coming to empty use sports center any
pzuzwWWrbTk-00009-00003971-00004213 type eggs on the fourteenth available
pzuzwWWrbTk-00010-00004214-00004420 and I hoping to make it the question
pzuzwWWrbTk-00011-00004421-00004704 sergeant zakk wylde nuno bettencourt
pzuzwWWrbTk-00012-00004705-00005066 tosin abasi and yngwie malmsteen would
pzuzwWWrbTk-00013-00005067-00005348 have great time and play a lot of notes
pzuzwWWrbTk-00014-00005349-00005972 you can be there now are you free to go
pzuzwWWrbTk-00015-00005973-00006452 re much I omission dokie Helene come
pzuzwWWrbTk-00016-00006453-00006683 follow Jim you hang down till I make
pzuzwWWrbTk-00017-00006684-00007420 your home I finish you ha ha un chanson
pzuzwWWrbTk-00018-00007422-00007793 you hate everyone stop her she have make
pzuzwWWrbTk-00019-00007794-00007909 we shall
pzuzwWWrbTk-00020-00007911-00008954 [Music]
pzuzwWWrbTk-00021-00008955-00009189 [Music]
pzuzwWWrbTk-00022-00009190-00011166 i am doing how you guys is Colbie
pzuzwWWrbTk-00023-00011167-00011382 Caillat and i'll see you at my show in
pzuzwWWrbTk-00024-00011383-00011835 taipei on april fifteenth you soon
p_JbL9GULXg-00000-00003450-00004081 foreign
p_JbL9GULXg-00001-00004082-00004792 [Music]
p_JbL9GULXg-00002-00004793-00005172 [Music]
p_JbL9GULXg-00003-00005173-00005420 thank you
p_JbL9GULXg-00004-00005421-00006054 [Music]
p_JbL9GULXg-00005-00006055-00007253 [Music]
p_JbL9GULXg-00006-00007254-00007466 foreign
p_JbL9GULXg-00007-00007467-00009306 [Music]
p_JbL9GULXg-00008-00009307-00010818 [Music]
p_JbL9GULXg-00009-00010819-00011263 [Music]
p_JbL9GULXg-00010-00011264-00011499 thank you
p_JbL9GULXg-00011-00011500-00013024 [Music]
p_JbL9GULXg-00012-00013025-00013421 [Music]
p_JbL9GULXg-00013-00013422-00013933 foreign
p_JbL9GULXg-00014-00013934-00015241 [Music]
p_JbL9GULXg-00015-00015241-00015355 thank you
p_JbL9GULXg-00016-00015356-00015663 [Music]
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00000-00000048-00000323 a video game console is a standardized
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00001-00000324-00000521 computing device tailored for video
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00002-00000522-00000703 gaming that requires a monitor or
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00003-00000704-00000881 television set as an output
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00004-00000882-00001097 these self-contained pieces of
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00005-00001098-00001303 electronic equipment weigh between two
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00006-00001304-00001537 and nine pounds one to four kilograms on
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00007-00001538-00001741 average and their compact size allows
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00008-00001742-00001933 them to be easily used in a variety of
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00009-00001934-00002142 locations with an electrical outlet
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00010-00002143-00002374 handheld controllers are commonly used
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00011-00002375-00002710 as input devices videogame consoles may
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00012-00002711-00002926 use one or more storage media like hard
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00013-00002927-00003160 disk drives optical disks and memory
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00014-00003161-00003431 cards for content each are usually
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00015-00003432-00003563 developed by a single business
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00016-00003564-00003838 organization dedicated consoles are a
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00017-00003839-00004049 subset of these devices only able to
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00018-00004050-00004367 play built-in games gaming consoles in
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00019-00004368-00004606 general are also described as dedicated
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00020-00004607-00004868 in distinction from the more versatile
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00021-00004869-00005068 personal computer and other consumer
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00022-00005069-00005386 electronics Sanders associates engineer
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00023-00005387-00005572 Ralph H Baer along with company
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00024-00005573-00005770 employees Bill Harrison and Bill Rush
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00025-00005771-00005932 licensed their television gaming
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00026-00005933-00006184 technology to contemporary major TV
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00027-00006185-00006491 manufacturer Magnavox this resulted in
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00028-00006492-00006854 Magnavox Odyssey x' 1972 release the
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00029-00006855-00007064 first commercially available video game
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00030-00007065-00007298 console a handheld game console as a
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00031-00007298-00007456 lightweight device with a built in
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00032-00007458-00007502 screen
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00033-00007503-00007754 games controls speakers and has greater
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00034-00007755-00007961 portability than a standard video game
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00035-00007962-00008216 console it is capable of playing
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00036-00008217-00008432 multiple games unlike tabletop and
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00037-00008433-00008674 handheld electronic game devices
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00038-00008675-00008918 tabletop and handheld electronic game
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00039-00008919-00009245 devices of the 1970s and 1980s are the
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00040-00009246-00009475 precursors of handheld game consoles
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00041-00009476-00009716 Mattel introduced the first handheld
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00042-00009717-00010031 electronic game with the 1977 release of
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00043-00010032-00010330 auto race later several companies
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00044-00010331-00010661 including calico and Milton Bradley made
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00045-00010662-00010817 their own single game lightweight
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00046-00010818-00011030 tabletop or handheld electronic game
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00047-00011031-00011372 devices the oldest handheld game console
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00048-00011373-00011558 with interchangeable cartridges as the
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00049-00011559-00011875 Milton Bradley Microvision in 1979
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00050-00011876-00012110 Nintendo is credited with popularizing
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00051-00012111-00012341 the handheld console concept with the
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00052-00012342-00012617 game boys release in 1989 and continues
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00053-00012618-00012974 to dominate the handheld console market
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00054-00012975-00013327 you
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00055-00013328-00013957 topic best-selling game consoles
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00056-00013958-00014218 the following tables contain video game
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00057-00014219-00014437 consoles and handheld game consoles that
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00058-00014438-00014622 have sold at least 1 million units
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00059-00014624-00014827 worldwide either through to consumers or
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00060-00014828-00015115 inside retail channels each console
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00061-00015116-00015271 includes sales from every iteration
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00062-00015272-00015499 unless otherwise noted the years
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00063-00015500-00015709 correspond to when the home or handheld
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00064-00015710-00015891 game console was first released
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00065-00015891-00016228 excluding test markets each year links
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00066-00016229-00016444 to the corresponding year in video
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00067-00016445-00016813 gaming hardware firms shaded Atari
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00068-00016814-00017116 Microsoft Nintendo Sega or Sony have
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00069-00017117-00017323 more than two consoles listed those were
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00070-00017324-00017941 the white background do not
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00071-00017942-00018494 topic home game consoles
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00072-00018495-00018844 you
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00073-00018845-00019436 topic handheld game consoles
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00074-00019437-00019786 you
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00075-00019787-00020348 topic dedicated consoles
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00076-00020349-00020719 you
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00077-00020720-00021390 topic total console sales by firm
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00078-00021391-00021633 total amount of every console with at
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00079-00021634-00021921 least 1 million units sold
p_ZRWKOxCA0-00080-00021922-00022278 equals equals notes
pAn3H1281oo-00000-00000021-00000332 a rocket-powered aircraft or rocket
pAn3H1281oo-00001-00000333-00000601 plane is an aircraft that uses a rocket
pAn3H1281oo-00002-00000602-00000844 engine for propulsion sometimes in
pAn3H1281oo-00003-00000846-00001132 addition to air-breathing jet engines
pAn3H1281oo-00004-00001133-00001378 rocket planes can achieve much higher
pAn3H1281oo-00005-00001379-00001700 speeds than similarly sized jet aircraft
pAn3H1281oo-00006-00001701-00001955 but typically for at most a few minutes
pAn3H1281oo-00007-00001955-00002305 of powered operation followed by a glide
pAn3H1281oo-00008-00002306-00002602 unhindered by the need for oxygen from
pAn3H1281oo-00009-00002603-00002831 the atmosphere they are suitable for
pAn3H1281oo-00010-00002832-00003179 very high altitude flight they are also
pAn3H1281oo-00011-00003180-00003424 capable of delivering much higher
pAn3H1281oo-00012-00003425-00003756 acceleration and shorter takeoffs
pAn3H1281oo-00013-00003757-00004058 rockets have been used simply to assist
pAn3H1281oo-00014-00004059-00004261 the main propulsion in the form of
pAn3H1281oo-00015-00004262-00004583 jet-assisted takeoff jato also known as
pAn3H1281oo-00016-00004584-00004886 rocket assisted takeoff Ratto or our ato
pAn3H1281oo-00017-00004887-00005236 G not all rocket planes are off the
pAn3H1281oo-00018-00005237-00005491 conventional take off like normal
pAn3H1281oo-00019-00005492-00005843 aircraft some types have been air
pAn3H1281oo-00020-00005844-00006079 launched from another plane while other
pAn3H1281oo-00021-00006080-00006374 types have taken off vertically nose in
pAn3H1281oo-00022-00006375-00006631 the air and tail to the ground tail
pAn3H1281oo-00023-00006633-00007042 sitters because of the heavy propellant
pAn3H1281oo-00024-00007043-00007246 use and the various practical
pAn3H1281oo-00025-00007247-00007508 difficulties of operating rockets the
pAn3H1281oo-00026-00007509-00007748 majority of rocket planes have been
pAn3H1281oo-00027-00007748-00007945 built for experimental use as
pAn3H1281oo-00028-00007947-00008742 interceptor fighters and space aircraft
pAn3H1281oo-00029-00008743-00009470 topic history rocket powered flight was
pAn3H1281oo-00030-00009471-00009752 pioneered in Germany the first aircraft
pAn3H1281oo-00031-00009753-00010003 to fly under rocket power was the
pAn3H1281oo-00032-00010004-00010466 lippisch Center in 1928 the enter had
pAn3H1281oo-00033-00010467-00010730 previously been flown as a glider the
pAn3H1281oo-00034-00010731-00011198 next year in 1929 the Opel RAC pointone
pAn3H1281oo-00035-00011199-00011449 became the first purpose-built rocket
pAn3H1281oo-00036-00011450-00012030 plane to fly
pAn3H1281oo-00037-00012031-00012904 Topic World War two the Heinkel he 176
pAn3H1281oo-00038-00012905-00013138 was the world's first aircraft to be
pAn3H1281oo-00039-00013138-00013399 propelled solely by a liquid propellant
pAn3H1281oo-00040-00013400-00013663 rocket engine making its first powered
pAn3H1281oo-00041-00013663-00014011 flight on the 20th of June 1939 with
pAn3H1281oo-00042-00014012-00014251 eric worre sits at the controls the
pAn3H1281oo-00043-00014252-00014431 first rocket plane ever to be
pAn3H1281oo-00044-00014432-00014646 mass-produced was the messerschmitt me
pAn3H1281oo-00045-00014647-00015184 163 koumei interceptor in 1944 one of
pAn3H1281oo-00046-00015185-00015463 several german world war ii attempts at
pAn3H1281oo-00047-00015463-00015872 rocket-powered aircraft the bottom bar
pAn3H1281oo-00048-00015874-00016321 349 natter vertical takeoff manned
pAn3H1281oo-00049-00016322-00016576 rocket interceptor aircraft flew in
pAn3H1281oo-00050-00016577-00016918 prototype form projects which never even
pAn3H1281oo-00051-00016919-00017188 reached the prototype stage include the
pAn3H1281oo-00052-00017189-00017386 zeppelin rama the flyer gende
pAn3H1281oo-00053-00017387-00017623 Panzerfaust and the focke-wulf Volks
pAn3H1281oo-00054-00017624-00017878 jagger the Japanese also produced
pAn3H1281oo-00055-00017879-00018358 approximately 850 yokosuka M XY 7 oka
pAn3H1281oo-00056-00018359-00018616 rocket-powered suicide attack aircraft
pAn3H1281oo-00057-00018617-00019015 in world war ii other experimental
pAn3H1281oo-00058-00019016-00019243 aircraft included the Russian bear
pAn3H1281oo-00059-00019244-00019647 Isaiah Isaiah VI one that flew in 1942
pAn3H1281oo-00060-00019648-00020019 while the Northrop XP 79 was originally
pAn3H1281oo-00061-00020020-00020247 planned with rocket engines but switched
pAn3H1281oo-00062-00020248-00020485 to jet engines for its first and only
pAn3H1281oo-00063-00020486-00021061 flight in 1945 a rocket assisted p-51d
pAn3H1281oo-00064-00021062-00021294 mustang was developed by North American
pAn3H1281oo-00065-00021295-00021730 Aviation that could attain 515 miles per
pAn3H1281oo-00066-00021731-00022132 hour the engine ran on fumaric acid and
pAn3H1281oo-00067-00022133-00022465 annalen which was stored in 275 gallon
pAn3H1281oo-00068-00022466-00022804 underwing drop tanks the plane was
pAn3H1281oo-00069-00022805-00023209 tested in flight in April 1945 the
pAn3H1281oo-00070-00023210-00023410 rocket engine could run for about a
pAn3H1281oo-00071-00023411-00023716 minute of much larger size the silver
pAn3H1281oo-00072-00023717-00023977 vocal antipodal bomber space plane was
pAn3H1281oo-00073-00023978-00024217 planned by the Germans late in World War
pAn3H1281oo-00074-00024218-00024522 two however later calculations showed
pAn3H1281oo-00075-00024523-00024724 that it would not have worked and would
pAn3H1281oo-00076-00024725-00025429 have been destroyed during reentry
pAn3H1281oo-00077-00025430-00026306 topic Cold War era in 1946 the Soviet
pAn3H1281oo-00078-00026307-00026612 Mickey an Gurevich I 270 was built
pAn3H1281oo-00079-00026613-00026873 partly using technology developed by
pAn3H1281oo-00080-00026874-00027514 Sergei Korolev in 1943 and 1932 in 1947
pAn3H1281oo-00081-00027516-00027764 the rocket-powered bell x-1 was the
pAn3H1281oo-00082-00027764-00027989 first aircraft to break the speed of
pAn3H1281oo-00083-00027989-00028241 sound in level flight and the first of a
pAn3H1281oo-00084-00028242-00028535 series of NACA NASA rocket-powered
pAn3H1281oo-00085-00028536-00029018 aircraft the North American x-15 an x-15
pAn3H1281oo-00086-00029019-00029314 a to designs were used for around a
pAn3H1281oo-00087-00029316-00029651 decade and eventually reached max 6.7
pAn3H1281oo-00088-00029652-00029957 and over 100 kilometers in altitude in
pAn3H1281oo-00089-00029958-00030272 the 1950s the British developed mixed
pAn3H1281oo-00090-00030273-00030512 power designs to cover the performance
pAn3H1281oo-00091-00030513-00030704 gap that existed in then-current
pAn3H1281oo-00092-00030705-00031091 turbojet designs the rocket was the main
pAn3H1281oo-00093-00031092-00031301 engine for delivering the speed and
pAn3H1281oo-00094-00031302-00031489 height required for high-speed
pAn3H1281oo-00095-00031489-00031739 interception of high-level bombers and
pAn3H1281oo-00096-00031739-00032000 the turbojet gave increased fuel economy
pAn3H1281oo-00097-00032001-00032302 in other parts of flight most notably to
pAn3H1281oo-00098-00032304-00032543 make sure the aircraft was able to make
pAn3H1281oo-00099-00032544-00032798 a powered landing rather than risking an
pAn3H1281oo-00100-00032799-00033107 unpredictable gliding return the
pAn3H1281oo-00101-00033108-00033461 saunders rose senior 53 was a successful
pAn3H1281oo-00102-00033462-00033695 design and was due to be developed into
pAn3H1281oo-00103-00033696-00033917 production when economics forced
pAn3H1281oo-00104-00033918-00034157 curtailment of most british aircraft
pAn3H1281oo-00105-00034158-00034543 programs in the late 1950s the
pAn3H1281oo-00106-00034544-00034799 advancement of the turbojet engine
pAn3H1281oo-00107-00034800-00035039 output the advent of missiles and
pAn3H1281oo-00108-00035040-00035318 advances in radar had made a return to
pAn3H1281oo-00109-00035319-00035756 mixed power unnecessary the development
pAn3H1281oo-00110-00035757-00036029 of Soviet rockets and satellites was the
pAn3H1281oo-00111-00036030-00036278 driving force behind the development of
pAn3H1281oo-00112-00036279-00036752 NASA's space program in the early 1960s
pAn3H1281oo-00113-00036753-00037076 American research into the Boeing X 20
pAn3H1281oo-00114-00037077-00037352 dinosaur space plane was cancelled due
pAn3H1281oo-00115-00037353-00037490 to lack of purpose
pAn3H1281oo-00116-00037491-00037712 later the studies contributed to the
pAn3H1281oo-00117-00037713-00037973 Space Shuttle which in turn motivated
pAn3H1281oo-00118-00037974-00038279 the Russian Buran another similar
pAn3H1281oo-00119-00038280-00038543 program was icing glass which was to be
pAn3H1281oo-00120-00038544-00038630 a rocket
pAn3H1281oo-00121-00038631-00038881 launched from a Boeing b-52
pAn3H1281oo-00122-00038882-00039101 Stratofortress carrier which was
pAn3H1281oo-00123-00039102-00039413 intended to achieve Mac 22 but this was
pAn3H1281oo-00124-00039414-00039562 never funded
pAn3H1281oo-00125-00039563-00039862 isinglass was intended to overfly the
pAn3H1281oo-00126-00039863-00040190 USSR no images of the vehicle
pAn3H1281oo-00127-00040191-00040457 configuration have been released the
pAn3H1281oo-00128-00040458-00040694 lunar landing research vehicle was a
pAn3H1281oo-00129-00040695-00040904 mixed powered vehicle a jet engine
pAn3H1281oo-00130-00040905-00041210 canceled 5/6 of the force due to gravity
pAn3H1281oo-00131-00041211-00041465 and the rocket power was able to
pAn3H1281oo-00132-00041466-00041789 simulate the Apollo lunar lander various
pAn3H1281oo-00133-00041790-00042119 versions of the reaction motors XLR 11
pAn3H1281oo-00134-00042120-00042434 rocket engine powered the x1 and X 15
pAn3H1281oo-00135-00042435-00042752 but also the Martin Marietta x2 for a
pAn3H1281oo-00136-00042753-00043214 Martin Marietta x2 for B Northrop HL 10
pAn3H1281oo-00137-00043215-00043418 Northrop M 2 F 2
pAn3H1281oo-00138-00043419-00043826 Northrop M 2 F 3 and the Republic xf-90
pAn3H1281oo-00139-00043827-00044123 1 Thunder scepter IVA has a primary or
pAn3H1281oo-00140-00044124-00044543 axillary engine the Northrop HL 10
pAn3H1281oo-00141-00044544-00044906 Northrop M 2 F 2 and Northrop M 2 F 3
pAn3H1281oo-00142-00044907-00045194 were examples of the lifting body which
pAn3H1281oo-00143-00045195-00045425 are aircraft which have very little if
pAn3H1281oo-00144-00045426-00045689 any wing and simply obtain lift from the
pAn3H1281oo-00145-00045690-00046034 body of the vehicle another example is
pAn3H1281oo-00146-00046035-00046745 backslider rockets in amateur rocketry
pAn3H1281oo-00147-00046746-00047511 topic post Cold War era the easy rocket
pAn3H1281oo-00148-00047512-00047758 research and test airplane was first
pAn3H1281oo-00149-00047759-00048237 flown in 2001 easy rocket was the first
pAn3H1281oo-00150-00048238-00048483 privately built and flown rocket-powered
pAn3H1281oo-00151-00048484-00048745 airplane a second privately developed
pAn3H1281oo-00152-00048746-00049026 rocket-powered aircraft flew just two
pAn3H1281oo-00153-00049027-00049483 years later in 2003 SpaceShipOne
pAn3H1281oo-00154-00049484-00049683 functions both as a rocket-powered
pAn3H1281oo-00155-00049684-00050017 aircraft with wings and aerodynamic
pAn3H1281oo-00156-00050018-00050340 control surfaces as well as a space
pAn3H1281oo-00157-00050341-00050695 plane with RCS thrusters for control in
pAn3H1281oo-00158-00050696-00051117 the vacuum of space the rocket racing
pAn3H1281oo-00159-00051118-00051354 league has developed three rocket racer
pAn3H1281oo-00160-00051355-00051717 aircraft since 2001 after initially
pAn3H1281oo-00161-00051719-00052011 evaluating and testing the ez rocket in
pAn3H1281oo-00162-00052012-00052383 2001 none are currently in production
pAn3H1281oo-00163-00052384-00053163 however Topic planned rocket-powered
pAn3H1281oo-00164-00053164-00053882 aircraft reaction engines Skylon
pAn3H1281oo-00165-00053883-00054480 spaceship to Lynx rocket plane ares
pAn3H1281oo-00166-00054482-00054876 martian rocket plane zero-emission
pAn3H1281oo-00167-00054877-00055486 hypersonic transport
pAn3H1281oo-00168-00055487-00056304 topic see also list of rocket aircraft
pAn3H1281oo-00169-00056305-00056765 list of vehicle speed records rocket
pAn3H1281oo-00170-00056766-00057016 racing league RRL
pAn3H1281oo-00171-00057016-00057338 0 length launch launching air-breathing
pAn3H1281oo-00172-00057339-00057691 aircraft with rockets
pDnJMsoB7YY-00000-00000019-00000364 Food Standards Australia New Zealand FSA
pDnJMsoB7YY-00001-00000365-00000665 NZ Maori Taemin dikenga Kai a heater
pDnJMsoB7YY-00002-00000666-00000802 area Miyagi Aurora
pDnJMsoB7YY-00003-00000803-00000998 formerly Australia New Zealand Food
pDnJMsoB7YY-00004-00000999-00001279 Authority ANZ FA is the governmental
pDnJMsoB7YY-00005-00001280-00001487 body responsible for developing food
pDnJMsoB7YY-00006-00001488-00001667 standards for Australia and New Zealand
pDnJMsoB7YY-00007-00001668-00001976 FSA NZ develops food standards after
pDnJMsoB7YY-00008-00001977-00002114 consulting with other government
pDnJMsoB7YY-00009-00002115-00002348 agencies and stakeholders the
pDnJMsoB7YY-00010-00002349-00002540 recommendations made by the body are
pDnJMsoB7YY-00011-00002541-00002738 open and accountable and based upon a
pDnJMsoB7YY-00012-00002739-00002941 rigorous scientific assessment of risk
pDnJMsoB7YY-00013-00002942-00003193 to public health and safety all
pDnJMsoB7YY-00014-00003194-00003479 decisions made by FSA NZ must be
pDnJMsoB7YY-00015-00003479-00003653 approved by the Australia and New
pDnJMsoB7YY-00016-00003654-00003865 Zealand food regulation Ministerial
pDnJMsoB7YY-00017-00003867-00004052 Council which is composed of the Health
pDnJMsoB7YY-00018-00004053-00004235 Minister from each of the Australian
pDnJMsoB7YY-00019-00004236-00004418 states and territories and the Health
pDnJMsoB7YY-00020-00004419-00004606 Minister from New Zealand as well as
pDnJMsoB7YY-00021-00004607-00004829 other participating ministers nominated
pDnJMsoB7YY-00022-00004830-00005066 by each jurisdiction this may lead to
pDnJMsoB7YY-00023-00005067-00005276 political interference in the decision
pDnJMsoB7YY-00024-00005277-00005488 for example the decision made over hemp
pDnJMsoB7YY-00025-00005489-00005699 seed when the Food Standards scientists
pDnJMsoB7YY-00026-00005700-00005858 recommended that hemp seed be allowed
pDnJMsoB7YY-00027-00005859-00006052 for sale the minister's vetoed this
pDnJMsoB7YY-00028-00006053-00006227 because they did not want to appear soft
pDnJMsoB7YY-00029-00006228-00006598 on drugs publications from FSA NZ
pDnJMsoB7YY-00030-00006600-00006820 include the Australian total diet survey
pDnJMsoB7YY-00031-00006822-00007052 and shoppers guide to food additives and
pDnJMsoB7YY-00032-00007053-00007367 labels this Authority is sometimes cited
pDnJMsoB7YY-00033-00007368-00007585 variously as Australia and New Zealand
pDnJMsoB7YY-00034-00007586-00007942 Food Standards Safety Authority amz FSA
pDnJMsoB7YY-00035-00007943-00008198 possibly in correct nomenclature arising
pDnJMsoB7YY-00036-00008199-00008389 due to confusion with the non acronymic
pDnJMsoB7YY-00037-00008390-00008642 older version of the shortname a NZ fa
pDnJMsoB7YY-00038-00008643-00008828 and with the acronym of the New Zealand
pDnJMsoB7YY-00039-00008829-00009092 Authority and ZF s a pronounced and fess
pDnJMsoB7YY-00040-00009093-00009344 are similar to Anne's fessor of a nzfsa
pDnJMsoB7YY-00041-00009345-00009592 which previously managed such questions
pDnJMsoB7YY-00042-00009593-00010170 in New Zealand
pDnJMsoB7YY-00043-00010171-00010710 topic see also
pDnJMsoB7YY-00044-00010711-00010906 Australian Competition and Consumer
pDnJMsoB7YY-00045-00010907-00011094 Commission
pDnJMsoB7YY-00046-00011095-00011264 Australian food safety information
pDnJMsoB7YY-00047-00011265-00011810 council food quality food safety food
pDnJMsoB7YY-00048-00011811-00012135 safety in Australia food safety in New
pDnJMsoB7YY-00049-00012136-00012423 Zealand list of Australian Commonwealth
pDnJMsoB7YY-00050-00012424-00012720 government entities New Zealand Food
pDnJMsoB7YY-00051-00012721-00013433 Safety Authority standards Australia
pDnJMsoB7YY-00052-00013434-00014000 topic notes and references
pDnJMsoB7YY-00053-00014001-00014369 you
pDnJMsoB7YY-00054-00014369-00014926 topic external links
pDnJMsoB7YY-00055-00014927-00015278 Food Standards Australia New Zealand
pDnJMsoB7YY-00056-00015279-00015488 Australian pesticides and Veterinary
pDnJMsoB7YY-00057-00015488-00015793 Medicine's Authority
pFUpvuUTtLA-00000-00000005-00000272 the 2011 world weightlifting
pFUpvuUTtLA-00001-00000273-00000463 championships were held at Disneyland
pFUpvuUTtLA-00002-00000465-00000778 Paris in Paris France the event took
pFUpvuUTtLA-00003-00000779-00001655 place from November 5th to 13 2011 topic
pFUpvuUTtLA-00004-00001655-00003201 medal summary topic men
pFUpvuUTtLA-00005-00003202-00003886 topic women topic metal table ranking by
pFUpvuUTtLA-00006-00003886-00004117 big total result medals ranking by all
pFUpvuUTtLA-00007-00004118-00004381 medals big total result and small snatch
pFUpvuUTtLA-00008-00004382-00005727 and clean and jerk topic team ranking
pFUpvuUTtLA-00009-00005728-00006522 topic participating nations 519
pFUpvuUTtLA-00010-00006523-00006823 competitors from 87 nations participated
pFUpvuUTtLA-00011-00006823-00007030 due to not submitting their whereabouts
pFUpvuUTtLA-00012-00007031-00007248 information according to the IWF
pFUpvuUTtLA-00013-00007250-00007560 anti-doping policy Bulgaria Cyprus Saudi
pFUpvuUTtLA-00014-00007561-00007879 Arabia Oman Qatar Sierra Leone and Sri
pFUpvuUTtLA-00015-00007880-00008088 Lanka were not allowed to participate in
pFUpvuUTtLA-00016-00008089-00009183 this year's edition topic aftermath
pFUpvuUTtLA-00017-00009184-00009415 Ukrainian female weightlifter Allah
pFUpvuUTtLA-00018-00009416-00009652 Karaka failed a drugs test after the
pFUpvuUTtLA-00019-00009653-00009850 tournament and was disqualified from the
pFUpvuUTtLA-00020-00009851-00010089 bronze medal position in the over 75
pFUpvuUTtLA-00021-00010090-00010408 kilograms category
pJsJMCE1G1M-00000-00000000-00000335 a very good morning to you thank you for
pJsJMCE1G1M-00001-00000336-00000641 keeping us company here at y254 TV in
pJsJMCE1G1M-00002-00000642-00000844 case you're just getting to join us this
pJsJMCE1G1M-00003-00000846-00001103 is why in the morning hashtag thirsty
pJsJMCE1G1M-00004-00001104-00001295 Vibes where we get to give you good
pJsJMCE1G1M-00005-00001296-00001684 music good conversations and of course
pJsJMCE1G1M-00006-00001685-00002026 we get to do a sport on Tech which is
pJsJMCE1G1M-00007-00002027-00002381 coming up right away and this week's
pJsJMCE1G1M-00008-00002382-00002639 episode in this week's episode of um
pJsJMCE1G1M-00009-00002640-00002887 spot on Tech we can we get to feature
pJsJMCE1G1M-00010-00002888-00003311 creswave limited which is an innovation
pJsJMCE1G1M-00011-00003311-00003569 driven company that undertakes software
pJsJMCE1G1M-00012-00003570-00003745 development project
pJsJMCE1G1M-00013-00003746-00004036 and with main Studio are the directors
pJsJMCE1G1M-00014-00004037-00004422 Felix or redo Jim and Maxwell
pJsJMCE1G1M-00015-00004423-00004722 let the conversation run
pJsJMCE1G1M-00016-00004723-00005033 and thank you for making time probably
pJsJMCE1G1M-00017-00005034-00005219 because I have really highlighted your
pJsJMCE1G1M-00018-00005220-00005309 names
pJsJMCE1G1M-00019-00005310-00005488 and someone might be wondering who's
pJsJMCE1G1M-00020-00005489-00005699 Maxwell who's Felix you could probably
pJsJMCE1G1M-00021-00005700-00005951 do an introduction that's true I'm Felix
pJsJMCE1G1M-00022-00005952-00006197 oriendo I am one of the directors of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00023-00006198-00006532 creative limited and also a co-founder
pJsJMCE1G1M-00024-00006533-00006653 yeah
pJsJMCE1G1M-00025-00006654-00007042 yeah I'm Maxwell come back and I'm also
pJsJMCE1G1M-00026-00007043-00007234 a co-founder and director at creative
pJsJMCE1G1M-00027-00007236-00007505 limited and I'm also a software engineer
pJsJMCE1G1M-00028-00007506-00007775 by profession okay nice so I think we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00029-00007776-00007996 start from what's Chris waiver of course
pJsJMCE1G1M-00030-00007997-00008278 I have I have read a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00031-00008279-00008560 shortened version of a description of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00032-00008561-00008789 Chris wave probably could give us an
pJsJMCE1G1M-00033-00008790-00009005 in-depth description of what Chris Webb
pJsJMCE1G1M-00034-00009006-00009095 does
pJsJMCE1G1M-00035-00009096-00009424 okay maybe I can start from how we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00036-00009425-00009514 started
pJsJMCE1G1M-00037-00009515-00009863 okay Felix my colleague here is uh was a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00038-00009864-00010199 a compass mate we studied together at
pJsJMCE1G1M-00039-00010200-00010577 Moi University and back then we used to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00040-00010578-00010799 do some projects small small projects at
pJsJMCE1G1M-00041-00010800-00011123 high school for purposes of studying
pJsJMCE1G1M-00042-00011124-00011459 then we realized oh we can do something
pJsJMCE1G1M-00043-00011460-00011699 we started by doing some competitions
pJsJMCE1G1M-00044-00011700-00012035 like the pivotists for developments for
pJsJMCE1G1M-00045-00012036-00012131 development
pJsJMCE1G1M-00046-00012132-00012431 we participated in private East then we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00047-00012432-00012688 got to around a second Runners up
pJsJMCE1G1M-00048-00012689-00013043 we participated in safaricomapois
pJsJMCE1G1M-00049-00013044-00013361 we which position did we image I think
pJsJMCE1G1M-00050-00013362-00013529 we were in our category we're number
pJsJMCE1G1M-00051-00013530-00013775 three we're in the category of business
pJsJMCE1G1M-00052-00013776-00013972 applications where we developed an
pJsJMCE1G1M-00053-00013973-00014272 application called maiduka yeah yeah
pJsJMCE1G1M-00054-00014273-00014549 then we did another one the final one
pJsJMCE1G1M-00055-00014550-00014921 which was called kulima which was became
pJsJMCE1G1M-00056-00014922-00015088 number one in the early developer
pJsJMCE1G1M-00057-00015090-00015172 challenge
pJsJMCE1G1M-00058-00015173-00015383 and then we sat down after now we won
pJsJMCE1G1M-00059-00015384-00015713 that one and uh without why can't we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00060-00015713-00015905 make this thing to be something of the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00061-00015906-00016108 future instead of not just doing
pJsJMCE1G1M-00062-00016109-00016336 projects doing one project then moving
pJsJMCE1G1M-00063-00016337-00016703 on to another one so we sat down back in
pJsJMCE1G1M-00064-00016704-00016925 campus and decided oh we can come up
pJsJMCE1G1M-00065-00016926-00017141 with something and then we started by
pJsJMCE1G1M-00066-00017142-00017411 now doing our first project together
pJsJMCE1G1M-00067-00017412-00017633 as a commercial project
pJsJMCE1G1M-00068-00017634-00017897 which was called the E parent
pJsJMCE1G1M-00069-00017898-00018191 and uh by then we had not Incorporated
pJsJMCE1G1M-00070-00018192-00018365 the company so we started by doing that
pJsJMCE1G1M-00071-00018366-00018635 e parent then we started pushing it to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00072-00018636-00018886 the market we realized no it's not
pJsJMCE1G1M-00073-00018887-00018989 working
pJsJMCE1G1M-00074-00018990-00019333 so we decided now let's look let's let's
pJsJMCE1G1M-00075-00019334-00019636 go and do a market research which is the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00076-00019637-00019883 gap in the market in terms of software
pJsJMCE1G1M-00077-00019884-00020147 so that's how we sat down uh did an
pJsJMCE1G1M-00078-00020148-00020279 evaluation we checked it to the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00079-00020280-00020507 financial sector that one is very was
pJsJMCE1G1M-00080-00020508-00020747 highly digitized by then that is back in
pJsJMCE1G1M-00081-00020748-00020872 2016.
pJsJMCE1G1M-00082-00020873-00021130 so uh we checked into the healthcare
pJsJMCE1G1M-00083-00021131-00021322 sector then we realized oh there is a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00084-00021323-00021419 gap there
pJsJMCE1G1M-00085-00021420-00021664 then we decided to incorporate the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00086-00021665-00021929 company creative limited now from that
pJsJMCE1G1M-00087-00021930-00022253 small startup that we had which was not
pJsJMCE1G1M-00088-00022254-00022349 official
pJsJMCE1G1M-00089-00022350-00022558 and then that's how creative came into
pJsJMCE1G1M-00090-00022559-00022913 being that is in 2017 we incorporated it
pJsJMCE1G1M-00091-00022914-00023207 in November and now we started doing a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00092-00023208-00023513 healthcare solutions from then up to now
pJsJMCE1G1M-00093-00023514-00023771 what are some of the projects you that
pJsJMCE1G1M-00094-00023772-00023999 uh uh this is the one which you started
pJsJMCE1G1M-00095-00024000-00024275 with the one called the parent then uh
pJsJMCE1G1M-00096-00024276-00024478 okay as you entered into the field okay
pJsJMCE1G1M-00097-00024479-00024683 I think I cannot so capture something
pJsJMCE1G1M-00098-00024684-00024880 before going to the project
pJsJMCE1G1M-00099-00024881-00025253 so in 2017 okay still we were still sort
pJsJMCE1G1M-00100-00025254-00025378 of employed
pJsJMCE1G1M-00101-00025379-00025720 but there's this great man we met Dr
pJsJMCE1G1M-00102-00025722-00026087 dakombe who is the CEO of Metropolitan
pJsJMCE1G1M-00103-00026088-00026351 Hospital so he was also a mentor at that
pJsJMCE1G1M-00104-00026352-00026620 time and he advised her that you have to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00105-00026622-00026885 choose one path if you go with two one
pJsJMCE1G1M-00106-00026886-00027029 of them will fail
pJsJMCE1G1M-00107-00027030-00027418 so uh as we were okay because initial
pJsJMCE1G1M-00108-00027419-00027623 are doing a parent we now started
pJsJMCE1G1M-00109-00027624-00027814 interacting more in the healthcare
pJsJMCE1G1M-00110-00027816-00027935 sector
pJsJMCE1G1M-00111-00027936-00028162 so one of our core projects now that
pJsJMCE1G1M-00112-00028163-00028499 Ikea hmis which is a healthcare system
pJsJMCE1G1M-00113-00028500-00028877 for clinics and hospitals and on top of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00114-00028877-00029146 that akhmis we have built some other
pJsJMCE1G1M-00115-00029147-00029489 modules on top of it like this afforded
pJsJMCE1G1M-00116-00029489-00029851 a ring up for patients
pJsJMCE1G1M-00117-00029852-00030149 is mostly on the Healthcare System
pJsJMCE1G1M-00118-00030150-00030467 Healthcare sector also we have an app
pJsJMCE1G1M-00119-00030468-00030677 for patients such that patients are able
pJsJMCE1G1M-00120-00030677-00030899 to let's say view their results at home
pJsJMCE1G1M-00121-00030900-00031133 after you have gone to the hospital pay
pJsJMCE1G1M-00122-00031133-00031270 your bills from the comfort of your
pJsJMCE1G1M-00123-00031272-00031427 phone instead of having to go to the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00124-00031427-00031589 cashier and staff
pJsJMCE1G1M-00125-00031589-00031870 yeah so largely it's uh everything you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00126-00031872-00032033 have done is surrounding the healthcare
pJsJMCE1G1M-00127-00032033-00032261 sector yeah with our core product being
pJsJMCE1G1M-00128-00032262-00032573 the khmis before we talk about akea of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00129-00032574-00032812 course which was showcasing before we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00130-00032813-00032957 started the interview is there
pJsJMCE1G1M-00131-00032958-00033077 particular reason why you chose
pJsJMCE1G1M-00132-00033078-00033407 Healthcare Healthcare to be like is
pJsJMCE1G1M-00133-00033408-00033652 there a particular reason
pJsJMCE1G1M-00134-00033653-00033917 yeah maybe I can start as Felix I said
pJsJMCE1G1M-00135-00033918-00034223 uh as we are doing the research there
pJsJMCE1G1M-00136-00034224-00034481 was uh Dr gakombe Who has also been our
pJsJMCE1G1M-00137-00034482-00034762 Mentor up to now and uh
pJsJMCE1G1M-00138-00034763-00034961 while you are doing the research we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00139-00034962-00035237 identified that Healthcare was like 20
pJsJMCE1G1M-00140-00035238-00035435 percent digitized
pJsJMCE1G1M-00141-00035436-00035671 as compared to the financial sector
pJsJMCE1G1M-00142-00035672-00036029 which is is very highly digitized if you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00143-00036030-00036389 go to Banks a very highly digital and so
pJsJMCE1G1M-00144-00036390-00036635 we we identified that there is a gap in
pJsJMCE1G1M-00145-00036636-00036905 the healthcare sector and uh and that
pJsJMCE1G1M-00146-00036906-00037115 Gap was affecting the provision of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00147-00037116-00037343 healthcare to Quality Healthcare to the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00148-00037344-00037546 to the to the people
pJsJMCE1G1M-00149-00037547-00037852 so we one of the reasons that we chose
pJsJMCE1G1M-00150-00037853-00038117 Healthcare it was to minimize that Gap
pJsJMCE1G1M-00151-00038118-00038417 number two we had a mentor who is into
pJsJMCE1G1M-00152-00038418-00038585 who has been the healthcare sector for
pJsJMCE1G1M-00153-00038586-00038824 25 years so he could be able to tell us
pJsJMCE1G1M-00154-00038825-00039185 this is the way to go uh this is these
pJsJMCE1G1M-00155-00039186-00039407 are the gaps to address which now we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00156-00039408-00039580 have we have been addressing using our
pJsJMCE1G1M-00157-00039581-00039971 Solutions so and uh through that we have
pJsJMCE1G1M-00158-00039972-00040187 been able to identify those gaps close
pJsJMCE1G1M-00159-00040188-00040324 them through an ecosystem of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00160-00040325-00040601 applications that Felix was just
pJsJMCE1G1M-00161-00040602-00040859 mentioning so our key thing for going to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00162-00040860-00041033 into Healthcare is to address the big
pJsJMCE1G1M-00163-00041034-00041212 gap that was there
pJsJMCE1G1M-00164-00041213-00041495 someone might have walked in on Ikea you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00165-00041496-00041645 know or they're just getting to tune
pJsJMCE1G1M-00166-00041646-00042017 into the conversation uh will you mind
pJsJMCE1G1M-00167-00042018-00042227 taking us through what is Ikea what does
pJsJMCE1G1M-00168-00042228-00042509 it do yeah
pJsJMCE1G1M-00169-00042510-00042721 so Ikea
pJsJMCE1G1M-00170-00042722-00043055 yeah maybe then even from the name it's
pJsJMCE1G1M-00171-00043056-00043487 a it's a an e-health system so Ikea is a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00172-00043488-00043740 hospital management information system
pJsJMCE1G1M-00173-00043741-00044152 and other people call them emrs but
pJsJMCE1G1M-00174-00044153-00044483 because for us it covers all aspects of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00175-00044484-00044590 a hospital
pJsJMCE1G1M-00176-00044591-00044905 from management of a hospital from entry
pJsJMCE1G1M-00177-00044906-00045268 from patient management to to hospital
pJsJMCE1G1M-00178-00045269-00045587 operations in terms of purchases it
pJsJMCE1G1M-00179-00045588-00045808 manages all aspects of a hospital so
pJsJMCE1G1M-00180-00045809-00046073 maybe to start is uh I can start by
pJsJMCE1G1M-00181-00046074-00046289 saying the patient management that is a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00182-00046290-00046517 key Focus that was a first key Focus
pJsJMCE1G1M-00183-00046518-00046715 so patient management it means once you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00184-00046716-00046865 get into a hospital
pJsJMCE1G1M-00185-00046866-00047111 all your records are captured through
pJsJMCE1G1M-00186-00047112-00047362 the system so from the reception you are
pJsJMCE1G1M-00187-00047363-00047608 registered your biodata is captured and
pJsJMCE1G1M-00188-00047609-00047735 then you are sent to the nurse your
pJsJMCE1G1M-00189-00047736-00047968 information is also captured you are
pJsJMCE1G1M-00190-00047969-00048179 sent to the doctor the doctor also uses
pJsJMCE1G1M-00191-00048180-00048301 the system to capture your information
pJsJMCE1G1M-00192-00048302-00048683 to request the lab tests everything to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00193-00048684-00048893 go to Pharmacy the drugs they're done on
pJsJMCE1G1M-00194-00048894-00048990 that
pJsJMCE1G1M-00195-00048991-00049312 on that software so that all your
pJsJMCE1G1M-00196-00049313-00049517 records are captured in one Central
pJsJMCE1G1M-00197-00049518-00049649 place
pJsJMCE1G1M-00198-00049650-00049811 so that is the aspect of the patient
pJsJMCE1G1M-00199-00049812-00049924 management
pJsJMCE1G1M-00200-00049925-00050111 the other aspect is the hospital
pJsJMCE1G1M-00201-00050112-00050411 operations in terms of purchases if the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00202-00050412-00050579 hospital is buying drugs then you're
pJsJMCE1G1M-00203-00050580-00050843 able to do the purchases from there and
pJsJMCE1G1M-00204-00050844-00050986 you're able to make the controls that
pJsJMCE1G1M-00205-00050987-00051269 there are no leakages in terms of uh you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00206-00051270-00051557 don't lose any Revenue through show the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00207-00051558-00051814 deals and Hunt deals where drugs are
pJsJMCE1G1M-00208-00051815-00052019 stolen from the stores so you're able to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00209-00052020-00052282 manage from purchasing to dispensing and
pJsJMCE1G1M-00210-00052283-00052438 you can tell every drug that was
pJsJMCE1G1M-00211-00052439-00052685 purchased it was issued to this patient
pJsJMCE1G1M-00212-00052686-00052913 you can be able to do an audit of all
pJsJMCE1G1M-00213-00052914-00053182 your drugs so the same case for other
pJsJMCE1G1M-00214-00053183-00053471 other items other other medical items
pJsJMCE1G1M-00215-00053472-00053759 like uh the gloves and everything you're
pJsJMCE1G1M-00216-00053760-00054029 able to capture and track all the items
pJsJMCE1G1M-00217-00054029-00054238 that you have been able to purchase and
pJsJMCE1G1M-00218-00054239-00054509 have been utilized to serve the patients
pJsJMCE1G1M-00219-00054510-00054749 so a so that is the other aspect of the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00220-00054750-00055066 of the of the hmis of the Ikea the other
pJsJMCE1G1M-00221-00055067-00055469 aspect is a of the self management of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00222-00055470-00055697 the patient themselves which my
pJsJMCE1G1M-00223-00055698-00055804 colleague had mentioned about the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00224-00055805-00056057 patient app so one of the things we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00225-00056058-00056254 realized is that
pJsJMCE1G1M-00226-00056255-00056566 patients if you move from one place if
pJsJMCE1G1M-00227-00056567-00056873 today I'm I'm treated it at a certain
pJsJMCE1G1M-00228-00056874-00057215 facility a if I move to facility B then
pJsJMCE1G1M-00229-00057216-00057437 my records remain at facility a so I'm
pJsJMCE1G1M-00230-00057438-00057707 not able to move with my records to the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00231-00057708-00058019 other facility so that is how we came up
pJsJMCE1G1M-00232-00058020-00058223 now to apart from now managing the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00233-00058224-00058385 hospitals it's also the patient to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00234-00058386-00058642 manage their records so such that you're
pJsJMCE1G1M-00235-00058644-00058792 able to move with your records from
pJsJMCE1G1M-00236-00058794-00059063 hospital a to hospital B such that the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00237-00059064-00059287 other doctor does not start treating you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00238-00059288-00059615 from from zero they have your records
pJsJMCE1G1M-00239-00059616-00059926 They know your history so so that is the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00240-00059927-00060154 other aspect of our Ikea whereby we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00241-00060155-00060365 capture we keep the patient at the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00242-00060366-00060550 center whereby they're able to access
pJsJMCE1G1M-00243-00060551-00060742 their records able to access the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00244-00060744-00061013 hospital facility able to access also
pJsJMCE1G1M-00245-00061014-00061247 the doctors and also be able to interact
pJsJMCE1G1M-00246-00061248-00061385 with their doctors
pJsJMCE1G1M-00247-00061386-00061763 yeah so the other aspect is about a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00248-00061764-00061954 health institutions some of them they
pJsJMCE1G1M-00249-00061955-00062159 are business even even for the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00250-00062160-00062441 government ones they also do some aspect
pJsJMCE1G1M-00251-00062441-00062680 of accounting and billing so we ensure
pJsJMCE1G1M-00252-00062682-00062926 that we have those controls the patient
pJsJMCE1G1M-00253-00062927-00063154 is able to be billed and the management
pJsJMCE1G1M-00254-00063155-00063437 is able to track all aspects of billing
pJsJMCE1G1M-00255-00063438-00063725 what has been built what was issued
pJsJMCE1G1M-00256-00063726-00064007 and those accounting reports are also
pJsJMCE1G1M-00257-00064008-00064294 available on our system
pJsJMCE1G1M-00258-00064295-00064516 so I think Felix yeah I think just to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00259-00064517-00064763 add on what he was saying uh one of the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00260-00064764-00064897 core things we realized in a hospital
pJsJMCE1G1M-00261-00064898-00065135 most people don't understand that there
pJsJMCE1G1M-00262-00065136-00065363 are also businesses so he can also
pJsJMCE1G1M-00263-00065364-00065513 enable success we want to track their
pJsJMCE1G1M-00264-00065514-00065711 let's say profit and loss
pJsJMCE1G1M-00265-00065712-00065909 their margins and stuff
pJsJMCE1G1M-00266-00065910-00066209 uh also in terms of reporting we also
pJsJMCE1G1M-00267-00066210-00066382 provide the Ministry of Health reports
pJsJMCE1G1M-00268-00066383-00066581 which are usually required by hospitals
pJsJMCE1G1M-00269-00066582-00066743 to submit to the government so he can
pJsJMCE1G1M-00270-00066744-00066923 automatically does that for you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00271-00066924-00067115 also in terms of the patient management
pJsJMCE1G1M-00272-00067116-00067379 there is something which we also do
pJsJMCE1G1M-00273-00067380-00067535 for people with non-communicable
pJsJMCE1G1M-00274-00067536-00067835 diseases like diabetes this potential
pJsJMCE1G1M-00275-00067836-00068111 required to be monitored remotely so
pJsJMCE1G1M-00276-00068112-00068291 Ikea also provides that platform whereby
pJsJMCE1G1M-00277-00068292-00068603 a patient is able to send their vitals
pJsJMCE1G1M-00278-00068604-00068788 through the application and the doctor
pJsJMCE1G1M-00279-00068789-00068987 from wherever he is he's able to consult
pJsJMCE1G1M-00280-00068988-00069167 with the patient without the patient
pJsJMCE1G1M-00281-00069168-00069406 having to travel to the clinic or
pJsJMCE1G1M-00282-00069407-00069535 Hospital
pJsJMCE1G1M-00283-00069536-00069863 uh yeah I think largely that's what CK
pJsJMCE1G1M-00284-00069864-00070073 is about
pJsJMCE1G1M-00285-00070074-00070691 um
pJsJMCE1G1M-00286-00070692-00071123 a little together uh this app can you is
pJsJMCE1G1M-00287-00071124-00071393 it interchangeable between hospitals
pJsJMCE1G1M-00288-00071394-00071573 assuming that I was probably being
pJsJMCE1G1M-00289-00071574-00071944 treated at a local hospital within
pJsJMCE1G1M-00290-00071945-00072173 um my area and I know there is needs
pJsJMCE1G1M-00291-00072174-00072353 that I be referred to a bigger facility
pJsJMCE1G1M-00292-00072354-00072671 maybe a referral Hospital a level five
pJsJMCE1G1M-00293-00072672-00073006 you know so is it is it my is it my
pJsJMCE1G1M-00294-00073007-00073235 responsibility as a patient or the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00295-00073236-00073594 responsibility of the um hospital to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00296-00073595-00073888 transfer the information or is it just
pJsJMCE1G1M-00297-00073889-00074188 an automatic system that once I log in
pJsJMCE1G1M-00298-00074189-00074411 that I was here the hospital needs to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00299-00074412-00074632 just send the same information to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00300-00074633-00074885 another hospital
pJsJMCE1G1M-00301-00074886-00075149 okay thank you for the question so uh
pJsJMCE1G1M-00302-00075150-00075317 okay the first thing that we are doing
pJsJMCE1G1M-00303-00075318-00075676 is the patients the data belongs to the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00304-00075677-00075797 patient
pJsJMCE1G1M-00305-00075798-00076061 so the patient is the one to share the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00306-00076062-00076235 data with the other hospital they have
pJsJMCE1G1M-00307-00076236-00076444 to authorize for their for their data to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00308-00076445-00076667 be accessed by the other facility so
pJsJMCE1G1M-00309-00076668-00076829 what you have done on our end we have
pJsJMCE1G1M-00310-00076830-00077159 come back with a portal whereby if you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00311-00077160-00077326 authorize your data to be seen by the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00312-00077327-00077531 other hospital the other Hospital can be
pJsJMCE1G1M-00313-00077532-00077711 able to log into that portal and access
pJsJMCE1G1M-00314-00077712-00078023 your your data then if the doctor is
pJsJMCE1G1M-00315-00078024-00078226 using our app there is an app we have
pJsJMCE1G1M-00316-00078227-00078382 called MDOC
pJsJMCE1G1M-00317-00078383-00078575 which if the doctor now the other doctor
pJsJMCE1G1M-00318-00078576-00078959 is on that platform if you if you as a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00319-00078960-00079181 patient to share your data then the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00320-00079182-00079325 doctor will be able to access your data
pJsJMCE1G1M-00321-00079326-00079571 through that app called MDOC but
pJsJMCE1G1M-00322-00079572-00079775 generally the patient because the data
pJsJMCE1G1M-00323-00079776-00079955 belongs to the patient the patient has
pJsJMCE1G1M-00324-00079956-00080171 to authorizer data to be shared with
pJsJMCE1G1M-00325-00080172-00080567 either the other facility or or the the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00326-00080568-00080812 Doctor Who is a seeing that patient so
pJsJMCE1G1M-00327-00080813-00081088 how many people does it require to run
pJsJMCE1G1M-00328-00081089-00081323 to run so uh
pJsJMCE1G1M-00329-00081324-00081700 for it to run it depends because Ikea is
pJsJMCE1G1M-00330-00081701-00081869 able to run on a very small facility
pJsJMCE1G1M-00331-00081870-00082331 from a consultant Clinic up to a big
pJsJMCE1G1M-00332-00082332-00082535 hospital a level 5 Hospital
pJsJMCE1G1M-00333-00082536-00082835 so the number of users required also
pJsJMCE1G1M-00334-00082836-00083105 depends largely on the type of facility
pJsJMCE1G1M-00335-00083106-00083243 and the size
pJsJMCE1G1M-00336-00083244-00083531 because all the modules if for instance
pJsJMCE1G1M-00337-00083532-00083959 it's a facility a consultant Clinic
pJsJMCE1G1M-00338-00083960-00084262 usually there is a reception and the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00339-00084263-00084544 consultant so those are two users if you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00340-00084545-00084785 go to a level three you find there is a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00341-00084786-00085012 lab there is a pharmacy there is
pJsJMCE1G1M-00342-00085013-00085259 probably a radiology department so you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00343-00085260-00085456 find each of those departments has a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00344-00085457-00085553 user
pJsJMCE1G1M-00345-00085554-00085967 so the number depends on the size but it
pJsJMCE1G1M-00346-00085968-00086176 can range from one user
pJsJMCE1G1M-00347-00086177-00086555 up to 100 or even more depending on the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00348-00086556-00086844 size of the facility
pJsJMCE1G1M-00349-00086845-00087349 amongst the features that Ikea has has
pJsJMCE1G1M-00350-00087350-00087659 rather advantages that as I was going
pJsJMCE1G1M-00351-00087660-00087947 through the presentation is that Ikea
pJsJMCE1G1M-00352-00087948-00088217 reduces cost how would you define that
pJsJMCE1G1M-00353-00088218-00088403 how would you explain that
pJsJMCE1G1M-00354-00088404-00088618 okay I think I can start with the basic
pJsJMCE1G1M-00355-00088619-00088835 one like in terms of being paperless
pJsJMCE1G1M-00356-00088836-00089044 obviously you're able to reduce costs in
pJsJMCE1G1M-00357-00089045-00089267 terms of no Printing and stuff
pJsJMCE1G1M-00358-00089268-00089488 then the other major one is ceiling of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00359-00089489-00089879 loopholes like especially uh other areas
pJsJMCE1G1M-00360-00089880-00089993 like Pharmacy
pJsJMCE1G1M-00361-00089994-00090197 where you find like maybe someone might
pJsJMCE1G1M-00362-00090198-00090509 dispense a drug without maybe payment or
pJsJMCE1G1M-00363-00090510-00090588 something
pJsJMCE1G1M-00364-00090589-00090887 or uh yeah there might be some fraud
pJsJMCE1G1M-00365-00090888-00091079 related there and also you have some
pJsJMCE1G1M-00366-00091080-00091318 controls whereby before let's say
pJsJMCE1G1M-00367-00091319-00091571 someone goes to purchase something they
pJsJMCE1G1M-00368-00091572-00091781 create a purchase order which has to be
pJsJMCE1G1M-00369-00091782-00091979 approved by management so you find in
pJsJMCE1G1M-00370-00091980-00092105 those kind of areas receive some
pJsJMCE1G1M-00371-00092106-00092332 loopholes also we have done some
pJsJMCE1G1M-00372-00092333-00092650 Integrations to m-pesa and also Banks
pJsJMCE1G1M-00373-00092651-00092915 such that payments are automatic like we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00374-00092916-00093071 find some hospitals they are completely
pJsJMCE1G1M-00375-00093072-00093167 cashless
pJsJMCE1G1M-00376-00093168-00093461 so that completely eliminates the cases
pJsJMCE1G1M-00377-00093462-00093629 of Fraud and
pJsJMCE1G1M-00378-00093630-00093900 those kinds of stuff
pJsJMCE1G1M-00379-00093901-00094306 yeah and maybe to top on that okay how
pJsJMCE1G1M-00380-00094307-00094481 the cost now drills down back to the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00381-00094482-00094756 patient is if
pJsJMCE1G1M-00382-00094757-00094991 our key focus is to ensure that there is
pJsJMCE1G1M-00383-00094992-00095135 a seamless flow of things within a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00384-00095136-00095476 hospital so uh if the turnaround time
pJsJMCE1G1M-00385-00095477-00095885 for a patient initially was a was one
pJsJMCE1G1M-00386-00095886-00096106 hour then you're able to reduce it maybe
pJsJMCE1G1M-00387-00096107-00096367 to 30 minutes what that means the the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00388-00096368-00096641 one that we the patient is able to be
pJsJMCE1G1M-00389-00096642-00096826 seen a very short period of time the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00390-00096827-00096965 hospital is able to see more patients
pJsJMCE1G1M-00391-00096966-00097126 the doctor is able to see more patients
pJsJMCE1G1M-00392-00097127-00097387 than than
pJsJMCE1G1M-00393-00097388-00097871 than before because Ali alien you'd find
pJsJMCE1G1M-00394-00097872-00098068 that you have to go with the paper every
pJsJMCE1G1M-00395-00098069-00098350 at every point you go to lab you are
pJsJMCE1G1M-00396-00098351-00098531 written a paper you go to Pharmacy you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00397-00098532-00098831 read another paper so once now we're
pJsJMCE1G1M-00398-00098832-00099094 able to streamline that process what it
pJsJMCE1G1M-00399-00099095-00099371 means the hospital can be able now to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00400-00099372-00099731 have to to serve more patients and they
pJsJMCE1G1M-00401-00099732-00099911 can be able to reduce the cost in terms
pJsJMCE1G1M-00402-00099912-00100174 of the cost of offering that care
pJsJMCE1G1M-00403-00100175-00100426 because if if for instance they have to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00404-00100427-00100649 they're able to see 100 patients in a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00405-00100650-00100979 day and initially they're able to see 50
pJsJMCE1G1M-00406-00100980-00101285 or 80. then it means they can be able to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00407-00101286-00101441 reduce the cost for the patient because
pJsJMCE1G1M-00408-00101442-00101735 they're both able to see more and able
pJsJMCE1G1M-00409-00101736-00101897 they're able to see more patients and
pJsJMCE1G1M-00410-00101898-00102011 that that's not they can be able to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00411-00102012-00102209 charge less even like the consolation
pJsJMCE1G1M-00412-00102210-00102359 fees you find that they're able not to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00413-00102360-00102568 reduce because the turnaround time is
pJsJMCE1G1M-00414-00102569-00102671 less
pJsJMCE1G1M-00415-00102672-00102947 and also the number of Staff required to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00416-00102948-00103175 move the patients it's also limited so
pJsJMCE1G1M-00417-00103176-00103397 that cost can be passed now back to the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00418-00103398-00103589 patient the other thing is Felix has
pJsJMCE1G1M-00419-00103590-00103840 mentioned is the controls you find in
pJsJMCE1G1M-00420-00103841-00104039 most places that we have installed our
pJsJMCE1G1M-00421-00104040-00104315 system you find that patients were
pJsJMCE1G1M-00422-00104316-00104608 losing the hospitals were losing drugs
pJsJMCE1G1M-00423-00104609-00104939 so the cost of operations becomes very
pJsJMCE1G1M-00424-00104940-00105028 high
pJsJMCE1G1M-00425-00105029-00105263 meaning they have to pass that cost back
pJsJMCE1G1M-00426-00105264-00105616 to to the patient so now once we're able
pJsJMCE1G1M-00427-00105617-00105881 to streamline that then that cost is not
pJsJMCE1G1M-00428-00105882-00106084 able to be passed back to the to the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00429-00106085-00106283 patient I think that's to add on it
pJsJMCE1G1M-00430-00106283-00106504 something I'd forgotten also on the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00431-00106505-00106721 patient side like the diabetes up I was
pJsJMCE1G1M-00432-00106722-00106907 telling you about the remote monitoring
pJsJMCE1G1M-00433-00106908-00107116 we're reducing the cost for patients
pJsJMCE1G1M-00434-00107117-00107302 here in that aspect that they don't have
pJsJMCE1G1M-00435-00107303-00107584 now to travel to and forth just with the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00436-00107585-00107765 app and internet they are able to be
pJsJMCE1G1M-00437-00107766-00108052 monitored and also the same also has
pJsJMCE1G1M-00438-00108053-00108316 telemedicine so a doctor is able to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00439-00108317-00108628 totally consult patients of any other
pJsJMCE1G1M-00440-00108629-00108797 type of illnesses in a short time let's
pJsJMCE1G1M-00441-00108798-00109060 say 20 minutes even at home on their
pJsJMCE1G1M-00442-00109061-00109258 free time yeah
pJsJMCE1G1M-00443-00109259-00109475 yeah it's this is a method you have
pJsJMCE1G1M-00444-00109476-00109678 tried and tested yes yes and of course
pJsJMCE1G1M-00445-00109679-00110057 during the Inception of an idea but not
pJsJMCE1G1M-00446-00110058-00110369 so many people believe in an idea how
pJsJMCE1G1M-00447-00110370-00110633 difficult was it to sell the idea to the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00448-00110633-00110915 first client you had
pJsJMCE1G1M-00449-00110916-00111197 yeah I think maybe I can start with a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00450-00111198-00111563 bit of some history a bit of it uh so
pJsJMCE1G1M-00451-00111564-00111863 once we as my colleague has just
pJsJMCE1G1M-00452-00111864-00112145 mentioned about we our Mentor told us
pJsJMCE1G1M-00453-00112146-00112343 that we have to choose one either
pJsJMCE1G1M-00454-00112344-00112589 employment because when employment
pJsJMCE1G1M-00455-00112590-00112810 or because initially you're working like
pJsJMCE1G1M-00456-00112811-00113051 working on it and then much time working
pJsJMCE1G1M-00457-00113052-00113260 on the project
pJsJMCE1G1M-00458-00113261-00113440 so we had to make the decision that we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00459-00113441-00113663 have to leave our jobs to work on this
pJsJMCE1G1M-00460-00113664-00114083 full time and uh once we left our our
pJsJMCE1G1M-00461-00114083-00114478 employment our first client was a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00462-00114479-00114671 was a dentist
pJsJMCE1G1M-00463-00114672-00115078 who was uh who is called Dr murioki and
pJsJMCE1G1M-00464-00115079-00115457 he comes from our village so it was like
pJsJMCE1G1M-00465-00115458-00115783 it was it was basically a referral
pJsJMCE1G1M-00466-00115783-00116081 to somebody you know so that was the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00467-00116082-00116399 first client and uh he gave us we I need
pJsJMCE1G1M-00468-00116400-00116602 my clinic to be about my dental clinic
pJsJMCE1G1M-00469-00116603-00116866 to be working like this so that is the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00470-00116867-00117028 first project that we did into
pJsJMCE1G1M-00471-00117029-00117227 Healthcare
pJsJMCE1G1M-00472-00117228-00117593 so we we landed somehow into into direct
pJsJMCE1G1M-00473-00117594-00117736 into a project
pJsJMCE1G1M-00474-00117738-00118066 so now after now doing that project for
pJsJMCE1G1M-00475-00118067-00118313 him then from there he was able to refer
pJsJMCE1G1M-00476-00118314-00118660 us to some other clients and it was very
pJsJMCE1G1M-00477-00118661-00118907 easy to convince because uh for for them
pJsJMCE1G1M-00478-00118908-00119152 once you could be able to go to his
pJsJMCE1G1M-00479-00119153-00119315 Clinic is called Riverside Dental Clinic
pJsJMCE1G1M-00480-00119316-00119578 so go to Riverside rental clinic and you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00481-00119579-00119819 can be able to see our system there
pJsJMCE1G1M-00482-00119820-00120058 so so from there we have been able to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00483-00120059-00120316 convince people like this is the way it
pJsJMCE1G1M-00484-00120317-00120652 is and then it has been now designed by
pJsJMCE1G1M-00485-00120653-00120839 like the dental land designed by a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00486-00120840-00121090 dentist for dentists so if you go to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00487-00121091-00121408 these are the other Ikea our Mentor has
pJsJMCE1G1M-00488-00121409-00121554 been to healthcare for 25 years
pJsJMCE1G1M-00489-00121555-00121949 experience so he's able to tell us this
pJsJMCE1G1M-00490-00121950-00122183 can work this cannot work
pJsJMCE1G1M-00491-00122183-00122639 so essentially that is what has been
pJsJMCE1G1M-00492-00122640-00122878 uh we have been using referrals have
pJsJMCE1G1M-00493-00122879-00123077 been has been the major convincing
pJsJMCE1G1M-00494-00123078-00123425 factor to our clients so they buy the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00495-00123426-00123652 idea because one it is they can be able
pJsJMCE1G1M-00496-00123653-00123893 to Citizen use number two it is highly
pJsJMCE1G1M-00497-00123894-00124104 Innovative it has other is an ecosystem
pJsJMCE1G1M-00498-00124105-00124463 yeah compared to whatever is available
pJsJMCE1G1M-00499-00124464-00124733 we are an ecosystem we have the patient
pJsJMCE1G1M-00500-00124733-00125057 up we have other add-ons so it is easier
pJsJMCE1G1M-00501-00125058-00125434 to convince the clients to buy our idea
pJsJMCE1G1M-00502-00125435-00125640 as compared to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00503-00125641-00126034 to something that that that that that is
pJsJMCE1G1M-00504-00126035-00126407 not visible to them so I think in terms
pJsJMCE1G1M-00505-00126408-00126736 of how we got it it's that first client
pJsJMCE1G1M-00506-00126738-00126978 was our major breakthrough
pJsJMCE1G1M-00507-00126979-00127697 how effective has this been
pJsJMCE1G1M-00508-00127698-00128134 I think in terms of referral you can say
pJsJMCE1G1M-00509-00128135-00128278 like
pJsJMCE1G1M-00510-00128279-00128578 okay that's like 80 success rate because
pJsJMCE1G1M-00511-00128579-00128873 one you find uh okay doctors are also
pJsJMCE1G1M-00512-00128874-00129119 very smart people so that when they go
pJsJMCE1G1M-00513-00129120-00129371 to a clinic they themselves they observe
pJsJMCE1G1M-00514-00129372-00129581 what is being used there they see they
pJsJMCE1G1M-00515-00129582-00129790 see the reports like maybe the receipt
pJsJMCE1G1M-00516-00129791-00129952 and staff invoice
pJsJMCE1G1M-00517-00129953-00130307 so it's quite effective compared to even
pJsJMCE1G1M-00518-00130308-00130631 the online marketing and so I can say
pJsJMCE1G1M-00519-00130632-00130925 referral first then pays also cost
pJsJMCE1G1M-00520-00130926-00131087 effective because you see we are not
pJsJMCE1G1M-00521-00131088-00131345 exactly spending we just someone
pJsJMCE1G1M-00522-00131346-00131602 referring this good system you can see
pJsJMCE1G1M-00523-00131603-00131747 it gives me this
pJsJMCE1G1M-00524-00131748-00131993 yeah and also like for the app he was
pJsJMCE1G1M-00525-00131994-00132233 talking about the MDOC where doctors are
pJsJMCE1G1M-00526-00132234-00132395 able to even share with other doctors
pJsJMCE1G1M-00527-00132396-00132652 you can see my revenues so the app is
pJsJMCE1G1M-00528-00132653-00132916 self-selling itself
pJsJMCE1G1M-00529-00132917-00133343 how viable is
pJsJMCE1G1M-00530-00133344-00133690 these realities
pJsJMCE1G1M-00531-00133691-00134023 maybe you can expound more on the future
pJsJMCE1G1M-00532-00134024-00134333 like assuming you know technology keeps
pJsJMCE1G1M-00533-00134334-00134627 advancing you know more things will keep
pJsJMCE1G1M-00534-00134628-00134945 will keep coming up is is a is a project
pJsJMCE1G1M-00535-00134946-00135257 or rather is a software how viable is it
pJsJMCE1G1M-00536-00135258-00135604 to Future changes actually we adapt
pJsJMCE1G1M-00537-00135605-00135814 daily like I remember like when we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00538-00135815-00136031 started like the Technologies we are
pJsJMCE1G1M-00539-00136032-00136271 using right now uh we have really
pJsJMCE1G1M-00540-00136272-00136516 adapted from where we started
pJsJMCE1G1M-00541-00136517-00136739 even right now this part of the project
pJsJMCE1G1M-00542-00136740-00137021 where we are doing an AI health and uh
pJsJMCE1G1M-00543-00137022-00137147 okay it's something which I can mention
pJsJMCE1G1M-00544-00137148-00137404 it's called uzima health
pJsJMCE1G1M-00545-00137405-00137740 so uh during the coveted period we did
pJsJMCE1G1M-00546-00137741-00137914 sort of an AI project that is able to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00547-00137915-00138113 detect this someone is suffering fluency
pJsJMCE1G1M-00548-00138114-00138359 from covet based on their symptoms
pJsJMCE1G1M-00549-00138360-00138623 and on that project we won the Africa
pJsJMCE1G1M-00550-00138624-00138893 versus virus challenge which was an
pJsJMCE1G1M-00551-00138894-00139066 African competition
pJsJMCE1G1M-00552-00139067-00139354 so we are constantly evolving and so
pJsJMCE1G1M-00553-00139355-00139631 like right now in the AI That's what is
pJsJMCE1G1M-00554-00139632-00139823 something that we are developing Slowly
pJsJMCE1G1M-00555-00139824-00140075 by slowly and testing
pJsJMCE1G1M-00556-00140076-00140321 so yeah technology wise we are
pJsJMCE1G1M-00557-00140322-00140693 constantly evolving in this Excel yeah I
pJsJMCE1G1M-00558-00140694-00140969 I think you have answered it well and uh
pJsJMCE1G1M-00559-00140970-00141395 yeah so for us is all about yeah we are
pJsJMCE1G1M-00560-00141396-00141790 agile because even as part of our
pJsJMCE1G1M-00561-00141791-00142090 our we keep on learning in a day-to-day
pJsJMCE1G1M-00562-00142091-00142361 from doctors from the clients so we keep
pJsJMCE1G1M-00563-00142362-00142631 on adapting to the changes into
pJsJMCE1G1M-00564-00142632-00142835 that are coming up in the healthcare
pJsJMCE1G1M-00565-00142836-00142949 sector
pJsJMCE1G1M-00566-00142950-00143140 have you expanded
pJsJMCE1G1M-00567-00143141-00143351 outside Kenya like have you have you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00568-00143352-00143452 tried it
pJsJMCE1G1M-00569-00143453-00143614 outside Kenya probably in the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00570-00143615-00143854 neighboring country
pJsJMCE1G1M-00571-00143855-00144197 okay so far not yet but
pJsJMCE1G1M-00572-00144198-00144593 we have done some some Integrations to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00573-00144594-00144875 some clients in Tanzania but not the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00574-00144876-00145290 whole uh the whole software to them and
pJsJMCE1G1M-00575-00145291-00145583 yeah our our key focus is first of all
pJsJMCE1G1M-00576-00145584-00145709 to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00577-00145710-00146089 to to make sure the Kenyan Market
pJsJMCE1G1M-00578-00146090-00146389 gets the right
pJsJMCE1G1M-00579-00146390-00146759 we basically get the the the crisp good
pJsJMCE1G1M-00580-00146760-00147004 risk of the Kenyan market then you can
pJsJMCE1G1M-00581-00147005-00147257 now focus on moving to other East
pJsJMCE1G1M-00582-00147258-00147431 African countries but I think just to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00583-00147432-00147725 add on it when we started I think like
pJsJMCE1G1M-00584-00147726-00147904 uh okay our first year was quite tough
pJsJMCE1G1M-00585-00147905-00148157 because also in healthcare we are not
pJsJMCE1G1M-00586-00148158-00148354 quite conversant with the developing
pJsJMCE1G1M-00587-00148355-00148583 software for the healthcare markets but
pJsJMCE1G1M-00588-00148584-00148763 now by the year so they can say like the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00589-00148764-00148937 first three years our main Market was in
pJsJMCE1G1M-00590-00148938-00149195 Nairobi but right now in Kenya we are
pJsJMCE1G1M-00591-00149196-00149440 going to nakuru nanyuki
pJsJMCE1G1M-00592-00149441-00149963 sumu bungoma kilifi so at least after we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00593-00149964-00150328 have managed to capture that good get a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00594-00150329-00150527 good Market in Kenya it will be easier
pJsJMCE1G1M-00595-00150528-00150713 for asthma when we expand to other
pJsJMCE1G1M-00596-00150714-00150893 markets because also
pJsJMCE1G1M-00597-00150894-00151025 we have learned from the different
pJsJMCE1G1M-00598-00151026-00151240 market dynamics let's say class in
pJsJMCE1G1M-00599-00151241-00151535 Nairobi have different requirements from
pJsJMCE1G1M-00600-00151536-00151769 let's say clients in a new key or nakuru
pJsJMCE1G1M-00601-00151770-00152137 yeah the government has been um
pJsJMCE1G1M-00602-00152138-00152525 quite has been lack of a better one has
pJsJMCE1G1M-00603-00152526-00152866 been making noise or rather has been big
pJsJMCE1G1M-00604-00152867-00153083 actually that's the one I should use has
pJsJMCE1G1M-00605-00153084-00153359 been big on digital expansion and moving
pJsJMCE1G1M-00606-00153360-00153611 to the digital space is that an Avenue
pJsJMCE1G1M-00607-00153612-00153904 you look forward to probably pursuing if
pJsJMCE1G1M-00608-00153905-00154114 you've not yet started probably selling
pJsJMCE1G1M-00609-00154115-00154276 the idea to the government
pJsJMCE1G1M-00610-00154277-00154583 to adapt that software
pJsJMCE1G1M-00611-00154584-00154763 okay uh
pJsJMCE1G1M-00612-00154764-00154954 okay for for now what you have been
pJsJMCE1G1M-00613-00154955-00155351 doing uh Counties have been uh we have
pJsJMCE1G1M-00614-00155352-00155531 been looking forward to digitize the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00615-00155532-00155821 healthcare since it's uh it's a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00616-00155822-00156059 healthcare right now it's under the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00617-00156060-00156175 counties
pJsJMCE1G1M-00618-00156176-00156593 so we have been applying for tenders to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00619-00156594-00156814 the counties that have basically been
pJsJMCE1G1M-00620-00156815-00157054 able to list the tenders
pJsJMCE1G1M-00621-00157055-00157271 online and on newspapers you have been
pJsJMCE1G1M-00622-00157272-00157540 applying for those tenders yeah and we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00623-00157541-00157852 hope to be able to provide this solution
pJsJMCE1G1M-00624-00157853-00158147 to the counties because yeah because
pJsJMCE1G1M-00625-00158148-00158387 basically they have that challenge yeah
pJsJMCE1G1M-00626-00158388-00158728 any other thing you'd want to add
pJsJMCE1G1M-00627-00158729-00159209 yeah maybe on that in terms of like the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00628-00159210-00159359 counties we have been able to do some
pJsJMCE1G1M-00629-00159360-00159671 demos to some help like the moringa
pJsJMCE1G1M-00630-00159672-00159833 County we have been able to go there
pJsJMCE1G1M-00631-00159834-00159990 present
pJsJMCE1G1M-00632-00159991-00160295 and the challenges that you have had
pJsJMCE1G1M-00633-00160296-00160757 from them from the the CEC from the from
pJsJMCE1G1M-00634-00160758-00160961 the superintendent
pJsJMCE1G1M-00635-00160962-00161321 is basically there is a lot of uh the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00636-00161322-00161447 controls that you have been mentioning
pJsJMCE1G1M-00637-00161448-00161759 about they are missing like drugs you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00638-00161760-00161993 are not able to tell if accountants are
pJsJMCE1G1M-00639-00161994-00162202 buying drugs but they are not able to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00640-00162203-00162533 tell where did this drug actually go
pJsJMCE1G1M-00641-00162534-00162802 were they given to the patient are they
pJsJMCE1G1M-00642-00162803-00163049 stolen did they expire
pJsJMCE1G1M-00643-00163050-00163339 so there is that challenge in terms of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00644-00163340-00163649 especially on the drugs part in the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00645-00163650-00163739 counties
pJsJMCE1G1M-00646-00163740-00163985 so yeah this is a gap that can be
pJsJMCE1G1M-00647-00163986-00164164 addressed so that patients can be able
pJsJMCE1G1M-00648-00164165-00164375 to be if counties buy drugs then they
pJsJMCE1G1M-00649-00164376-00164609 get into the right hands to the patients
pJsJMCE1G1M-00650-00164610-00164789 who deserve them
pJsJMCE1G1M-00651-00164790-00165023 yes we have seen
pJsJMCE1G1M-00652-00165024-00165349 um once people move digital a lot of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00653-00165350-00165526 entrenchments happen of course we have
pJsJMCE1G1M-00654-00165527-00165713 seen it in the media spaces and you know
pJsJMCE1G1M-00655-00165714-00166037 into other spaces what's the risk of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00656-00166038-00166264 having knee Care on the employment of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00657-00166265-00166513 physical employees
pJsJMCE1G1M-00658-00166514-00166840 uh okay I think I can for that one I can
pJsJMCE1G1M-00659-00166841-00167057 use an example of okay what I'll say if
pJsJMCE1G1M-00660-00167058-00167237 you have encountered for the clinics you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00661-00167238-00167411 have installed
pJsJMCE1G1M-00662-00167412-00167614 okay I think what has done it I just
pJsJMCE1G1M-00663-00167615-00167878 made people more efficient and also it
pJsJMCE1G1M-00664-00167879-00168202 has feed the people to do more useful
pJsJMCE1G1M-00665-00168203-00168502 tasks maybe instead of but in terms of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00666-00168503-00168773 retracement in the healthcare sector
pJsJMCE1G1M-00667-00168774-00169163 okay I don't really see it yeah
pJsJMCE1G1M-00668-00169164-00169397 yeah I think that's true it's basically
pJsJMCE1G1M-00669-00169398-00169619 because the numbers for healthcare
pJsJMCE1G1M-00670-00169620-00169961 sector if you still need nurses for the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00671-00169962-00170221 same you're still doctors for the same
pJsJMCE1G1M-00672-00170222-00170447 in fact it makes them to be more
pJsJMCE1G1M-00673-00170448-00170566 efficient
pJsJMCE1G1M-00674-00170567-00170813 and one of the key things that it has
pJsJMCE1G1M-00675-00170814-00171107 helped is the medical records people
pJsJMCE1G1M-00676-00171108-00171299 because I think their key role should be
pJsJMCE1G1M-00677-00171300-00171695 doing research rather than filling in a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00678-00171696-00172001 manual papers on they should be focusing
pJsJMCE1G1M-00679-00172002-00172240 on which which it's doing research which
pJsJMCE1G1M-00680-00172241-00172549 which diseases are becoming more common
pJsJMCE1G1M-00681-00172550-00172840 which drugs are being becoming more
pJsJMCE1G1M-00682-00172841-00173152 resistant rather than focusing on
pJsJMCE1G1M-00683-00173153-00173387 inputting what my colleague had
pJsJMCE1G1M-00684-00173388-00173614 mentioned a bit earlier about those
pJsJMCE1G1M-00685-00173615-00173890 those books that moh requires so it
pJsJMCE1G1M-00686-00173891-00174028 makes them more efficient if you're able
pJsJMCE1G1M-00687-00174029-00174197 not to generate from the system they are
pJsJMCE1G1M-00688-00174198-00174395 reports then they'll focus more on doing
pJsJMCE1G1M-00689-00174396-00174640 the research researching of diseases
pJsJMCE1G1M-00690-00174641-00174911 researching on what or on their field
pJsJMCE1G1M-00691-00174912-00175085 basically what they are taught to do
pJsJMCE1G1M-00692-00175086-00175414 yeah and also I think we also it being
pJsJMCE1G1M-00693-00175415-00175583 an enabler I think it provides our
pJsJMCE1G1M-00694-00175584-00175757 work-life balance because like there's a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00695-00175758-00176014 clinic which we went to uh it had two
pJsJMCE1G1M-00696-00176015-00176207 receptionists they were working from
pJsJMCE1G1M-00697-00176208-00176495 like morning to the night they get out
pJsJMCE1G1M-00698-00176496-00176711 very tired but when you look at the work
pJsJMCE1G1M-00699-00176712-00176866 they were really doing it's mainly just
pJsJMCE1G1M-00700-00176867-00177178 writing writing writing yeah so it was
pJsJMCE1G1M-00701-00177179-00177437 not exactly what you can call productive
pJsJMCE1G1M-00702-00177438-00177604 work but now once we installed our
pJsJMCE1G1M-00703-00177605-00177688 system
pJsJMCE1G1M-00704-00177689-00177893 patient registration patients just
pJsJMCE1G1M-00705-00177894-00178031 registers themselves
pJsJMCE1G1M-00706-00178032-00178337 so right now it's easy for them if by
pJsJMCE1G1M-00707-00178338-00178871 five you're good to go
pJsJMCE1G1M-00708-00178872-00179231 a project in the future
pJsJMCE1G1M-00709-00179232-00179704 okay uh for us our focus is uh
pJsJMCE1G1M-00710-00179705-00180023 number one is to be
pJsJMCE1G1M-00711-00180024-00180385 to be the the place to be an ecosystem
pJsJMCE1G1M-00712-00180386-00180707 that will make sure
pJsJMCE1G1M-00713-00180708-00181014 everybody gets Quality Healthcare
pJsJMCE1G1M-00714-00181015-00181247 from the patients
pJsJMCE1G1M-00715-00181248-00181535 to the the doctors makes them more
pJsJMCE1G1M-00716-00181536-00181804 efficient and to the health facilities
pJsJMCE1G1M-00717-00181805-00181951 so
pJsJMCE1G1M-00718-00181952-00182302 where you want the app to be is to be an
pJsJMCE1G1M-00719-00182303-00182573 ecosystem that is able to serve
pJsJMCE1G1M-00720-00182574-00182861 all in all Health institutions
pJsJMCE1G1M-00721-00182862-00183163 with a key Focus to the patient
pJsJMCE1G1M-00722-00183164-00183521 and like with the center password being
pJsJMCE1G1M-00723-00183522-00183778 the patient and to grow with technology
pJsJMCE1G1M-00724-00183779-00184085 whereby we have artificial intelligence
pJsJMCE1G1M-00725-00184086-00184252 to assist
pJsJMCE1G1M-00726-00184253-00184493 the doctors to be more efficient the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00727-00184494-00184771 patient to get more quality Care
pJsJMCE1G1M-00728-00184772-00185051 like in future we want to have
pJsJMCE1G1M-00729-00185052-00185285 based on your diagnosis based on the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00730-00185286-00185537 drugs that you have been given we're
pJsJMCE1G1M-00731-00185538-00185831 able to tell the next time you come
pJsJMCE1G1M-00732-00185832-00186101 we're able to track your diagnosis with
pJsJMCE1G1M-00733-00186102-00186335 service the drugs if you service how you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00734-00186336-00186502 reacted
pJsJMCE1G1M-00735-00186503-00186701 such that by the time you come back to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00736-00186702-00187043 the facility the doctor already has nose
pJsJMCE1G1M-00737-00187044-00187313 like this this patient doesn't need to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00738-00187314-00187631 be done this because already based on
pJsJMCE1G1M-00739-00187632-00187816 the history the system is able to alert
pJsJMCE1G1M-00740-00187817-00188159 them so we want it to be more uh to be a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00741-00188160-00188440 system whereby it is able to assist in
pJsJMCE1G1M-00742-00188441-00188681 clinical diagnosis with time
pJsJMCE1G1M-00743-00188682-00188861 so that is the future that we are
pJsJMCE1G1M-00744-00188862-00189325 looking forward to
pJsJMCE1G1M-00745-00189326-00189545 I was telling you about
pJsJMCE1G1M-00746-00189546-00189809 we also want to be part of that AI
pJsJMCE1G1M-00747-00189810-00190066 revolution in healthcare such that you
pJsJMCE1G1M-00748-00190067-00190228 see like if there's another product of a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00749-00190229-00190363 new disease
pJsJMCE1G1M-00750-00190364-00190625 it's easy to know like the government
pJsJMCE1G1M-00751-00190626-00190997 just is a pattern is able to easily
pJsJMCE1G1M-00752-00190998-00191188 identify there's a pattern here before
pJsJMCE1G1M-00753-00191189-00191428 it blows out listening to a pandemic
pJsJMCE1G1M-00754-00191429-00191669 and also from our website you'll see we
pJsJMCE1G1M-00755-00191670-00191926 want to actualize to become the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00756-00191927-00192209 number one health check provider in East
pJsJMCE1G1M-00757-00192210-00192581 Africa and later Africa and possibly now
pJsJMCE1G1M-00758-00192582-00192790 we'll be able to go to other markets
pJsJMCE1G1M-00759-00192791-00193061 also a something else which we are doing
pJsJMCE1G1M-00760-00193062-00193211 actually one of the first product we're
pJsJMCE1G1M-00761-00193212-00193559 also in the kitchen in terms of patients
pJsJMCE1G1M-00762-00193560-00193781 actually like if you visit Metropolitan
pJsJMCE1G1M-00763-00193782-00193966 Hospital I think it's one of the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00764-00193967-00194152 occasional Hospital encounter in Kenya
pJsJMCE1G1M-00765-00194153-00194363 whereby patient meal orders are being
pJsJMCE1G1M-00766-00194364-00194609 taken by a tablet it was actually one of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00767-00194610-00194951 our first products so we want to see
pJsJMCE1G1M-00768-00194952-00195221 like to be in health when you see the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00769-00195222-00195395 ecosystem we want to really empower the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00770-00195396-00195833 ecosystem in every aspect of healthcare
pJsJMCE1G1M-00771-00195834-00196109 as we bring this conversation to a close
pJsJMCE1G1M-00772-00196110-00196390 where do you now as individuals see
pJsJMCE1G1M-00773-00196391-00197059 yourself in the future
pJsJMCE1G1M-00774-00197060-00197381 okay I want to be the Bill Gates in the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00775-00197382-00197788 healthcare sector yeah
pJsJMCE1G1M-00776-00197789-00198125 I think for me yeah it's just the same
pJsJMCE1G1M-00777-00198126-00198376 thing with this also my mentor yeah so
pJsJMCE1G1M-00778-00198377-00198575 that's where we see ourselves
pJsJMCE1G1M-00779-00198576-00198881 and yeah maybe the company to be in the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00780-00198882-00199175 leagues of safaricom someday yeah for us
pJsJMCE1G1M-00781-00199176-00199481 basically the company is or it is as
pJsJMCE1G1M-00782-00199482-00199804 service you can yeah do you have any
pJsJMCE1G1M-00783-00199805-00200063 final remarks
pJsJMCE1G1M-00784-00200064-00200333 yeah mine is uh
pJsJMCE1G1M-00785-00200334-00200771 is a drive to the players in the
pJsJMCE1G1M-00786-00200772-00200926 healthcare sector
pJsJMCE1G1M-00787-00200927-00201178 is a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00788-00201179-00201521 is people to to come together
pJsJMCE1G1M-00789-00201522-00201964 and share ideas on how we can make
pJsJMCE1G1M-00790-00201965-00202385 Healthcare grades in Kenya and globally
pJsJMCE1G1M-00791-00202386-00202564 yeah
pJsJMCE1G1M-00792-00202565-00202835 yeah I think for me it's just say thank
pJsJMCE1G1M-00793-00202836-00203099 you for the opportunity yeah we really
pJsJMCE1G1M-00794-00203100-00203237 appreciate it
pJsJMCE1G1M-00795-00203238-00203645 uh yeah that's all I think you're
pJsJMCE1G1M-00796-00203646-00203825 welcome thank you so much for making
pJsJMCE1G1M-00797-00203826-00204052 time for coming sharing insights with us
pJsJMCE1G1M-00798-00204053-00204364 about Ikea no not all of us not a lot of
pJsJMCE1G1M-00799-00204365-00204533 people here but it actually knew about
pJsJMCE1G1M-00800-00204534-00204766 it when I saw it on life and I was like
pJsJMCE1G1M-00801-00204767-00205001 oh wow there's such an app must be nice
pJsJMCE1G1M-00802-00205002-00205271 look queuing it's not funny there's a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00803-00205271-00205457 time I went to Coptic
pJsJMCE1G1M-00804-00205458-00205690 you have to run around keep running
pJsJMCE1G1M-00805-00205691-00205882 you're going the reception is somewhere
pJsJMCE1G1M-00806-00205883-00206038 else maybe the consultant you're seeing
pJsJMCE1G1M-00807-00206039-00206314 is on surgery third floor the lab is on
pJsJMCE1G1M-00808-00206315-00206640 first floor the finance is down there
pJsJMCE1G1M-00809-00206641-00206932 pharmacist is that you know it becomes
pJsJMCE1G1M-00810-00206933-00207173 really quite something but now you see
pJsJMCE1G1M-00811-00207173-00207496 with such apps makes life a bit easier
pJsJMCE1G1M-00812-00207498-00207751 thank you so much for sharing with us
pJsJMCE1G1M-00813-00207752-00208073 that was what those were the directors
pJsJMCE1G1M-00814-00208073-00208403 of um cresweb limited which is an
pJsJMCE1G1M-00815-00208404-00208684 invasion software company and they have
pJsJMCE1G1M-00816-00208685-00209032 been sharing insights on Ikea which is a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00817-00209033-00209308 software that is used to register do a
pJsJMCE1G1M-00818-00209309-00209477 bit of everything in the Healthcare
pJsJMCE1G1M-00819-00209478-00209761 Management
pJtOVWf82tk-00000-00000000-00000278 lion at the highlight amiga atari agua
pJtOVWf82tk-00001-00000279-00000632 Lionel Lionel to engage she got max bid
pJtOVWf82tk-00002-00000633-00001801 on stuff I'm doing lying grétar aeonon
pJtOVWf82tk-00003-00001802-00002312 hi mita America Africa division / 0 0
pJtOVWf82tk-00004-00002313-00002597 good 0
pMl6PXyBgJc-00000-00000085-00000111 [Music]
pMl6PXyBgJc-00001-00000112-00000381 foreign
pMl6PXyBgJc-00002-00000382-00001091 [Music]
pMl6PXyBgJc-00003-00001092-00001755 [Applause]
pMl6PXyBgJc-00004-00001757-00002330 [Music]
pMl6PXyBgJc-00005-00002331-00002642 [Music]
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00000-00000000-00000320 I don't really like the cell I mean it's
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00001-00000321-00000582 I noticed a Bible Belt but it feels like
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00002-00000583-00000966 it feeling like you're walking on lava
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00003-00000967-00001303 you know you just know if you say the
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00004-00001304-00001622 wrong thing to a certain person like hey
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00005-00001623-00001979 I'm trans you know if you take that
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00006-00001980-00002126 phone step that person will start giving
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00007-00002127-00002632 you like dirty looks or rude comments
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00008-00002633-00002888 there very few often you'll come across
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00009-00002889-00003034 somebody was not really cool about it
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00010-00003035-00003304 like oh you trans yes ma'am
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00011-00003305-00003740 Oh what that's fabulous you know and
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00012-00003740-00003922 then they were like this I'm relative or
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00013-00003923-00004217 ex-boyfriend or somebody they knew who
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00014-00004218-00004363 was gay or trans or something of that
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00015-00004364-00004738 nature you know it's not like you know
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00016-00004739-00005225 you live in the northern states like
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00017-00005226-00005461 California California people wouldn't
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00018-00005462-00005717 say much about it
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00019-00005718-00006338 I'm trans cool and I'm hey how's it
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00020-00006339-00006721 going you know but you know down here in
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00021-00006722-00007189 the south is different and it always
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00022-00007190-00007671 irritates me that somebody will say
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00023-00007672-00007937 stuff like well if you don't
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00024-00007938-00008239 particularly down here I mean even up
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00025-00008240-00008462 north up here I hear it all over the
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00026-00008463-00008596 internet when I say I don't like the
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00027-00008597-00008785 south through somebody would always say
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00028-00008786-00009085 well if you don't like the south why
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00029-00009086-00009681 don't you move because I don't want to
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00030-00009682-00010133 you know I shouldn't be forced to move
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00031-00010134-00010553 to another state or to another country
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00032-00010554-00010968 because small close-minded people want
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00033-00010969-00011259 to set me for who I am you know I
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00034-00011260-00011784 shouldn't have to leave the city that I
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00035-00011785-00012198 grew up in the family that I grew up
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00036-00012199-00012773 around the area that I'm familiar with
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00037-00012774-00013101 to go in them and you know five six
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00038-00013102-00013482 states away in an environment that I
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00039-00013483-00013772 know nothing about you know I couldn't
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00040-00013774-00014055 leave a small town here and then go and
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00041-00014056-00014604 move to I didn't go and move does
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00042-00014605-00015057 Washington DC you know I'm not
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00043-00015058-00015303 accustomed to 99% of what's going on
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00044-00015304-00015402 there
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00045-00015403-00015938 I can't you know this is soon think
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00046-00015940-00016155 about people say they live with their
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00047-00016156-00016551 parents you know people always say well
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00048-00016552-00016809 you should move out why don't you live
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00049-00016810-00017093 on your own that's easier said than done
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00050-00017094-00017369 cuz Jeff let you know just like telling
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00051-00017370-00017508 somebody well if you don't love yourself
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00052-00017509-00018089 leave it takes a lot of money to do that
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00053-00018090-00018438 and I mean a lot of money I mean to move
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00054-00018439-00018852 into an apartment in this town rent in
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00055-00018853-00019062 this town for 1-bedroom 1-bath
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00056-00019063-00019614 Department is $850 plus they need 300 to
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00057-00019615-00020103 $500 deposit and that's just for one
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00058-00020104-00020454 person you're gonna have that you know
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00059-00020455-00020964 13 1500 whatever you need money up front
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00060-00020965-00021174 and you got to keep having that much
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00061-00021175-00021357 money every day meaning you had to have
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00062-00021358-00021461 your
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00063-00021462-00021685 beyond and you gotta feed yourself and
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00064-00021686-00021953 you know good luck trying to get welfare
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00065-00021954-00022390 to give you food stamps you know so long
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00066-00022391-00022800 so you know it's easy to say well move
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00067-00022801-00023155 cuz you can't afford it okay you can't
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00068-00023156-00023419 sometimes it's a lot easier to go well
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00069-00023420-00023813 if I live my mom's mom has her house she
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00070-00023814-00024086 got her bills she got a lot bill phone
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00071-00024087-00024169 bill
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00072-00024170-00024542 she's got rent Paige you got the water
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00073-00024543-00024842 and the stewards in the gas or whatever
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00074-00024843-00025147 bills your family will have and all I
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00075-00025148-00025669 have to do is just maybe like pay a
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00076-00025670-00025862 third of the rent instead of all of it
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00077-00025863-00026324 or third up half my check and still the
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00078-00026325-00026829 home check that's different
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00079-00026830-00027032 and that's it well that's not really
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00080-00027033-00027530 that's not really helping they're not
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00081-00027531-00027695 really helping the situation if I go
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00082-00027697-00027945 while he held people down here kind of
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00083-00027945-00028068 closed-minded about it
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00084-00028069-00028487 I'll leave cuz that's letting them win
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00085-00028488-00028745 you know that's the same as if you got
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00086-00028747-00029030 bullied in school instead of stepping up
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00087-00029031-00029255 to her and going hey I don't like this
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00088-00029256-00029523 could you please be a little more kinder
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00089-00029524-00029780 towards me instead of doing that going
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00090-00029781-00029979 while I'm gonna go to another school
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00091-00029980-00030533 you're gonna kill her like this
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00092-00030534-00030777 everywhere you go you're gonna you know
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00093-00030777-00030945 if I move to San Francisco I'm gonna
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00094-00030945-00031314 come across somebody who's gonna be like
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00095-00031314-00031868 oh you know so you know I'm gonna come
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00096-00031869-00032102 to that so you can't escape idiots
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00097-00032103-00032454 they're gonna be always around me so say
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00098-00032455-00032655 an old leave this out and then go
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00099-00032656-00033030 somewhere up north or go to San
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00100-00033031-00033467 Francisco even you're not really
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00101-00033468-00033749 escaping it you're just going into a
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00102-00033750-00033977 different field you're just going into a
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00103-00033978-00034202 different area where the same sort of
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00104-00034203-00034749 people lurk so you know I'm gonna stand
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00105-00034750-00035090 out here in the south and somebody got a
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00106-00035091-00035256 phone with it well done gents really
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00107-00035257-00035618 being an ass about it and that's my
pMDUuHvyVlQ-00108-00035619-00035894 honest opinion
pMFmyny_mb4-00001-00051971-00052532 l-h-m-a at lao dot camry
ppW6Uipjng4-00000-00000852-00003418 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00001-00003419-00004493 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00002-00004494-00004902 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00003-00004903-00005498 for the red team
ppW6Uipjng4-00004-00005499-00006143 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00005-00006144-00006775 enemy's down
ppW6Uipjng4-00006-00006776-00007756 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00007-00007756-00007942 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00008-00007943-00008670 so
ppW6Uipjng4-00009-00008671-00010951 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00010-00010952-00012342 uh
ppW6Uipjng4-00011-00012343-00012703 reloading
ppW6Uipjng4-00012-00012704-00013046 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00013-00013047-00013491 talk it down
ppW6Uipjng4-00014-00013491-00014815 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00015-00014816-00015086 expire
ppW6Uipjng4-00016-00015087-00015358 cover me
ppW6Uipjng4-00017-00015359-00016511 watch out
ppW6Uipjng4-00018-00016512-00016884 the red
ppW6Uipjng4-00019-00016885-00017863 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00020-00017864-00018456 mark the location
ppW6Uipjng4-00021-00018457-00019455 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00022-00019456-00019750 killing spree for the flu team
ppW6Uipjng4-00023-00019751-00020907 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00024-00020908-00022202 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00025-00022203-00023455 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00026-00023456-00024567 watch out
ppW6Uipjng4-00027-00024568-00025126 so
ppW6Uipjng4-00028-00025127-00025822 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00029-00025823-00027041 target down
ppW6Uipjng4-00030-00027042-00027479 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00031-00027480-00028487 so
ppW6Uipjng4-00032-00028488-00029001 no mercy
ppW6Uipjng4-00033-00029002-00030502 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00035-00033880-00035048 half of the match is over
ppW6Uipjng4-00036-00035049-00035361 [Applause]
ppW6Uipjng4-00037-00035362-00035852 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00038-00035853-00036141 [Applause]
ppW6Uipjng4-00039-00036142-00036462 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00040-00036463-00036910 free for the blue team killings
ppW6Uipjng4-00042-00040072-00040812 so
ppW6Uipjng4-00043-00040813-00041535 [Music]
ppW6Uipjng4-00044-00041536-00041896 victory
ppW6Uipjng4-00045-00041897-00042154 [Music]
pOzHH16zDTg-00000-00000014-00000250 this video will walk you through how to
pOzHH16zDTg-00001-00000252-00000484 complete the temporary emergency funding
pOzHH16zDTg-00002-00000485-00000713 adjustment form this form is used to
pOzHH16zDTg-00003-00000714-00000899 make changes to the information you
pOzHH16zDTg-00004-00000900-00001064 previously submitted on your monthly
pOzHH16zDTg-00005-00001065-00001277 temporary emergency funding reporting
pOzHH16zDTg-00006-00001278-00001568 form please be advised you only need to
pOzHH16zDTg-00007-00001569-00001780 complete an adjustment form to report if
pOzHH16zDTg-00008-00001782-00001973 your facility change between open and
pOzHH16zDTg-00009-00001973-00002237 closed during the month or to adjust the
pOzHH16zDTg-00010-00002238-00002396 number of enrolled and drop in space
pOzHH16zDTg-00011-00002397-00002600 children for the childcare fee reduction
pOzHH16zDTg-00012-00002601-00002867 initiative please submit adjustment
pOzHH16zDTg-00013-00002868-00003076 forms between the 1st and the 15th of
pOzHH16zDTg-00014-00003077-00003173 the following month
pOzHH16zDTg-00015-00003174-00003470 for example submit the may adjustment
pOzHH16zDTg-00016-00003471-00003854 form between June 1st and June 15th to
pOzHH16zDTg-00017-00003854-00004067 start you will log in using your primary
pOzHH16zDTg-00018-00004068-00004438 business BCE ID and facility ID your
pOzHH16zDTg-00019-00004439-00004685 facility ID is the last 5 numbers after
pOzHH16zDTg-00020-00004686-00004940 your organization ID and can be found in
pOzHH16zDTg-00021-00004941-00005281 schedule a of your 2020 2021 funding
pOzHH16zDTg-00022-00005282-00005552 agreement for example I will type in my
pOzHH16zDTg-00023-00005553-00006002 BCE ID ah - and my facility ID with no
pOzHH16zDTg-00024-00006003-00006224 spaces in between to make adjustments
pOzHH16zDTg-00025-00006225-00006464 for multiple facilities you will need to
pOzHH16zDTg-00026-00006465-00006626 complete a separate form for each
pOzHH16zDTg-00027-00006627-00006977 facility on this page you'll be shown
pOzHH16zDTg-00028-00006978-00007273 the organization name organization ID
pOzHH16zDTg-00029-00007273-00007609 facility name and facility ID to
pOzHH16zDTg-00030-00007611-00007808 indicate which facility this temporary
pOzHH16zDTg-00031-00007809-00008276 emergency adjustment form is for on this
pOzHH16zDTg-00032-00008277-00008471 page you are asked about your facilities
pOzHH16zDTg-00033-00008472-00008684 open and close dates for the month of
pOzHH16zDTg-00034-00008685-00008888 this adjustment form there are four
pOzHH16zDTg-00035-00008889-00009121 different options select the first
pOzHH16zDTg-00036-00009122-00009362 option if your facility was open on the
pOzHH16zDTg-00037-00009363-00009614 first of the month and remained open for
pOzHH16zDTg-00038-00009615-00009853 the whole month select the second option
pOzHH16zDTg-00039-00009854-00010096 if your facility was open on the first
pOzHH16zDTg-00040-00010097-00010283 of the month but then closed during the
pOzHH16zDTg-00041-00010284-00010492 month you will need to select the date
pOzHH16zDTg-00042-00010493-00010681 your facility closed from the drop-down
pOzHH16zDTg-00043-00010682-00011060 calendar select the third option if your
pOzHH16zDTg-00044-00011061-00011239 facility was closed on the first of the
pOzHH16zDTg-00045-00011240-00011423 month and remain closed for the whole
pOzHH16zDTg-00046-00011424-00011744 month select the fourth option if your
pOzHH16zDTg-00047-00011745-00011933 facility was closed on the first of the
pOzHH16zDTg-00048-00011934-00012212 month but then open during the month you
pOzHH16zDTg-00049-00012213-00012359 will need to select the date your
pOzHH16zDTg-00050-00012360-00012524 facility opened from the drop down
pOzHH16zDTg-00051-00012525-00013099 calendar complete this page if you opted
pOzHH16zDTg-00052-00013100-00013268 in to the childcare fee reduction
pOzHH16zDTg-00053-00013269-00013349 initiative
pOzHH16zDTg-00054-00013350-00013499 and you need to adjust the number of
pOzHH16zDTg-00055-00013500-00013715 enrolled or droppin spaced children you
pOzHH16zDTg-00056-00013716-00013883 reported on your previous temporary
pOzHH16zDTg-00057-00013884-00014075 emergency funding reporting form for
pOzHH16zDTg-00058-00014076-00014347 this month if you did not opt in to the
pOzHH16zDTg-00059-00014349-00014569 childcare fee reduction initiative leave
pOzHH16zDTg-00060-00014571-00014753 the boxes below blank and moved to the
pOzHH16zDTg-00061-00014754-00014996 next page if you have previously
pOzHH16zDTg-00062-00014997-00015197 reported enrolled for droppin spaced
pOzHH16zDTg-00063-00015197-00015391 children this month your numbers will be
pOzHH16zDTg-00064-00015393-00015677 displayed below for your reference if no
pOzHH16zDTg-00065-00015678-00015827 changes to these numbers are required
pOzHH16zDTg-00066-00015828-00016022 leave them as they are and click Save
pOzHH16zDTg-00067-00016022-00016250 and continue please note that it's
pOzHH16zDTg-00068-00016251-00016439 important not to delete or change these
pOzHH16zDTg-00069-00016440-00016649 previously reported numbers unless they
pOzHH16zDTg-00070-00016650-00016822 are incorrect as this will change your
pOzHH16zDTg-00071-00016823-00017060 payment to make adjustments to your
pOzHH16zDTg-00072-00017061-00017267 enrollment for drop in numbers follow
pOzHH16zDTg-00073-00017268-00017408 the instructions on this page carefully
pOzHH16zDTg-00074-00017409-00017660 to ensure accurate reporting as in
pOzHH16zDTg-00075-00017661-00017861 correct reporting may result in an
pOzHH16zDTg-00076-00017862-00018044 incorrect payment for an amount going
pOzHH16zDTg-00077-00018045-00018278 back to the ministry to report changes
pOzHH16zDTg-00078-00018279-00018464 to my monthly totals for the childcare
pOzHH16zDTg-00079-00018465-00018680 fee reduction initiative categories I
pOzHH16zDTg-00080-00018681-00018959 will start by opening the CCF RI monthly
pOzHH16zDTg-00081-00018960-00019553 calculator by clicking on the download
pOzHH16zDTg-00082-00019554-00019753 link at the bottom of the screen and
pOzHH16zDTg-00083-00019754-00020069 then selecting enable editing to use the
pOzHH16zDTg-00084-00020070-00020462 calculator using the calculator count
pOzHH16zDTg-00085-00020463-00020647 each child for each day they are
pOzHH16zDTg-00086-00020648-00020878 enrolled or drop in you can count
pOzHH16zDTg-00087-00020879-00021071 children who are absent as long as they
pOzHH16zDTg-00088-00021072-00021269 have not been temporarily withdrawn and
pOzHH16zDTg-00089-00021270-00021458 the child continues to be enrolled in
pOzHH16zDTg-00090-00021459-00021700 the facility for the month for this
pOzHH16zDTg-00091-00021701-00021986 example my facility was open for the
pOzHH16zDTg-00092-00021987-00022247 entire month a reminder that if my
pOzHH16zDTg-00093-00022248-00022456 facility had closed during the month due
pOzHH16zDTg-00094-00022457-00022678 to Cove at 19 I would only count
pOzHH16zDTg-00095-00022679-00022894 enrolled or drop in space children on
pOzHH16zDTg-00096-00022895-00023297 the day's my facility was open in the
pOzHH16zDTg-00097-00023298-00023500 under 36 months four hours or less
pOzHH16zDTg-00098-00023501-00023797 category I had one new child drop in
pOzHH16zDTg-00099-00023798-00024086 attend part time this month this child
pOzHH16zDTg-00100-00024087-00024247 attended for three hours a day on
pOzHH16zDTg-00101-00024248-00024458 Mondays and Tuesdays from the 20th
pOzHH16zDTg-00102-00024459-00024665 onwards so I will count them in this
pOzHH16zDTg-00103-00024666-00024890 column from the 20th onwards on Mondays
pOzHH16zDTg-00104-00024891-00025639 and Tuesdays our previously reported
pOzHH16zDTg-00105-00025641-00025802 that I had two children enrolled
pOzHH16zDTg-00106-00025802-00026102 full-time in the under 36 months over
pOzHH16zDTg-00107-00026102-00026342 four hours category and I have no
pOzHH16zDTg-00108-00026343-00026620 changes to report for this category I
pOzHH16zDTg-00109-00026622-00026819 either count these children for each day
pOzHH16zDTg-00110-00026820-00026975 of the month that I was open and
pOzHH16zDTg-00111-00026976-00027275 operating or I can skip this category in
pOzHH16zDTg-00112-00027276-00027476 the calculator and leave the previously
pOzHH16zDTg-00113-00027477-00027752 reported numbers on the form alone for
pOzHH16zDTg-00114-00027752-00027935 this example I will recount these
pOzHH16zDTg-00115-00027936-00029479 children just to be sure
pOzHH16zDTg-00116-00029480-00029707 in the three years to kinder over four
pOzHH16zDTg-00117-00029708-00029905 hours category I have three children and
pOzHH16zDTg-00118-00029906-00030180 rolled up to and including the 15th so I
pOzHH16zDTg-00119-00030181-00031133 will count three children to the 15th
pOzHH16zDTg-00120-00031134-00031371 one of these children withdrew on the
pOzHH16zDTg-00121-00031372-00031627 15th so I will count two children after
pOzHH16zDTg-00122-00031627-00031902 the 15th to the end of the month however
pOzHH16zDTg-00123-00031903-00032155 I also had two children of a central
pOzHH16zDTg-00124-00032156-00032368 service workers drop in from the 20th
pOzHH16zDTg-00125-00032369-00032854 onwards so starting on the 20th I will
pOzHH16zDTg-00126-00032855-00033067 add the two essential workers children
pOzHH16zDTg-00127-00033068-00033312 from the 20th onwards that makes four
pOzHH16zDTg-00128-00033313-00033517 children in this category from the 20th
pOzHH16zDTg-00129-00033518-00034387 to the end of the month I can see at the
pOzHH16zDTg-00130-00034388-00034543 bottom of the sea cfri
pOzHH16zDTg-00131-00034544-00034743 monthly calculator that I have a total
pOzHH16zDTg-00132-00034744-00035086 of four in under 36 months four hours or
pOzHH16zDTg-00133-00035087-00035458 less category 42 in the under 36 months
pOzHH16zDTg-00134-00035459-00035632 over four hours category
pOzHH16zDTg-00135-00035633-00035883 I had no children in the three years to
pOzHH16zDTg-00136-00035884-00036124 kinder four hours or less category so
pOzHH16zDTg-00137-00036125-00036370 I'll leave that category blank and ahead
pOzHH16zDTg-00138-00036371-00036621 70 in the three years to kinder over
pOzHH16zDTg-00139-00036622-00036886 four hours category now that I have
pOzHH16zDTg-00140-00036887-00037054 these totals I can return to the
pOzHH16zDTg-00141-00037055-00037285 adjustment form and update my totals in
pOzHH16zDTg-00142-00037286-00037576 the boxes at the bottom of the page in
pOzHH16zDTg-00143-00037577-00037837 the under 36 months floralis category I
pOzHH16zDTg-00144-00037838-00038190 will enter four in the under 36 months
pOzHH16zDTg-00145-00038191-00038439 over four hours category I can see that
pOzHH16zDTg-00146-00038440-00038664 it already has 42 in the box because
pOzHH16zDTg-00147-00038665-00038854 that is what I previously entered on the
pOzHH16zDTg-00148-00038855-00039126 tephra porting form and I had no changes
pOzHH16zDTg-00149-00039127-00039424 to this category I will leave 42 as the
pOzHH16zDTg-00150-00039425-00039733 total I had no children in the three
pOzHH16zDTg-00151-00039734-00039961 years to kinder 4 hours or less category
pOzHH16zDTg-00152-00039962-00040245 so I'll leave that box blank and in the
pOzHH16zDTg-00153-00040246-00040432 three years to kinder over four hours
pOzHH16zDTg-00154-00040433-00040752 category I will enter 70 now that I am
pOzHH16zDTg-00155-00040753-00041037 done I look with save and continue the
pOzHH16zDTg-00156-00041038-00041268 next page asks if you have any vacant or
pOzHH16zDTg-00157-00041269-00041487 drop in spaces available for children of
pOzHH16zDTg-00158-00041488-00041868 essential service workers an adjustment
pOzHH16zDTg-00159-00041869-00042037 form is not required to important
pOzHH16zDTg-00160-00042038-00042217 changes to vacancies but if you are
pOzHH16zDTg-00161-00042218-00042387 completing the form for another reason
pOzHH16zDTg-00162-00042388-00042564 you can update the number of vacant
pOzHH16zDTg-00163-00042565-00042706 spaces you have at the time of
pOzHH16zDTg-00164-00042707-00042850 completing this form for
pOzHH16zDTg-00165-00042851-00043114 applicable category this information is
pOzHH16zDTg-00166-00043115-00043249 used to match the families with
pOzHH16zDTg-00167-00043250-00043480 available spaces since I have selected
pOzHH16zDTg-00168-00043481-00043693 yes all apart that I have two vacancies
pOzHH16zDTg-00169-00043694-00043885 in the three years to kyndra category
pOzHH16zDTg-00170-00043886-00044203 and leave the other fields blank the
pOzHH16zDTg-00171-00044204-00044389 next page asks if you have any changes
pOzHH16zDTg-00172-00044390-00044593 to your license or service details that
pOzHH16zDTg-00173-00044594-00044746 you have not yet reported to the seek
pOzHH16zDTg-00174-00044747-00045040 off program if you select yes the next
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pOzHH16zDTg-00176-00045179-00045412 and provide a summary of the changes I
pOzHH16zDTg-00177-00045413-00045697 have no changes to my license so I will
pOzHH16zDTg-00178-00045698-00046027 know and then save and continue this
pOzHH16zDTg-00179-00046028-00046240 page provides you with a copy of the C
pOzHH16zDTg-00180-00046241-00046417 cough modification agreement for
pOzHH16zDTg-00181-00046418-00046591 temporary emergency funding for you to
pOzHH16zDTg-00182-00046592-00047404 review and save for your records the
pOzHH16zDTg-00183-00047405-00047605 next page contains the declaration that
pOzHH16zDTg-00184-00047606-00047836 your organization's authorized signing
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pOzHH16zDTg-00193-00049820-00050332 date and click Submit the last page
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pOzHH16zDTg-00201-00051800-00052000 can click on the link here or use the
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pOzHH16zDTg-00211-00053879-00054088 seek off program at one eight eight
pOzHH16zDTg-00212-00054089-00054346 eight three three eight six six two two
pOzHH16zDTg-00213-00054347-00054591 and select option two thank you for
pOzHH16zDTg-00214-00054592-00054826 watching
pPnqZe_QA58-00000-00000022-00000036 [Applause]
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pPnqZe_QA58-00003-00000645-00000659 [Applause]
pPnqZe_QA58-00004-00000660-00001450 [Music]
pPnqZe_QA58-00005-00001451-00001988 tonight
pPnqZe_QA58-00006-00001989-00002883 [Music]
pPnqZe_QA58-00007-00002884-00003098 honestly
pPnqZe_QA58-00008-00003099-00004283 [Music]
pPnqZe_QA58-00009-00004284-00004996 me
pPnqZe_QA58-00010-00004997-00005348 [Music]
pPnqZe_QA58-00011-00005349-00005387 [Applause]
pPnqZe_QA58-00012-00005388-00005972 [Music]
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pPnqZe_QA58-00016-00006663-00007218 [Music]
pPnqZe_QA58-00017-00007219-00007286 [Applause]
pPnqZe_QA58-00018-00007287-00007519 [Music]
pPnqZe_QA58-00019-00007520-00007839 you got it right this time
pPnqZe_QA58-00020-00007840-00008767 nothing is
pPnqZe_QA58-00021-00008768-00009078 you got it right this time
pPnqZe_QA58-00022-00009079-00010278 nothing is tonight
pPnqZe_QA58-00023-00010279-00011866 for your baby
pPnqZe_QA58-00024-00011867-00014074 [Music]
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pPnqZe_QA58-00026-00014143-00014699 [Music]
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pPnqZe_QA58-00030-00015484-00015584 hey
pPnqZe_QA58-00031-00015585-00015946 [Music]
pPnqZe_QA58-00032-00015947-00016013 [Applause]
pPnqZe_QA58-00033-00016013-00016283 [Music]
pPnqZe_QA58-00034-00016284-00016470 honestly
pPnqZe_QA58-00035-00016471-00016883 [Music]
pPnqZe_QA58-00036-00016884-00016984 honestly
pPnqZe_QA58-00037-00016985-00018480 [Music]
pPnqZe_QA58-00038-00018481-00019103 [Applause]
pPnqZe_QA58-00039-00019104-00019825 tonight for your baby
pPnqZe_QA58-00040-00019826-00020539 [Music]
pPnqZe_QA58-00041-00020540-00020840 honestly
pVt0F96Z5sI-00000-00000042-00000419 how to overcome inferiority complex
pVt0F96Z5sI-00001-00000420-00000815 today I will do a q a video where I
pVt0F96Z5sI-00002-00000816-00001079 answer questions that I received from
pVt0F96Z5sI-00003-00001080-00001427 you my YouTube viewers if you are new to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00004-00001428-00001709 my channel and wonder how you can submit
pVt0F96Z5sI-00005-00001710-00002039 your question that's easy just type it
pVt0F96Z5sI-00006-00002039-00002339 in the comments of this video to work in
pVt0F96Z5sI-00007-00002340-00002597 the comments of any post on my Facebook
pVt0F96Z5sI-00008-00002598-00002945 page or Instagram all the links are
pVt0F96Z5sI-00009-00002946-00003047 below
pVt0F96Z5sI-00010-00003048-00003325 today's topic is how to overcome
pVt0F96Z5sI-00011-00003326-00003659 inferiorating complex I will share with
pVt0F96Z5sI-00012-00003660-00003970 you five steps and the most important
pVt0F96Z5sI-00013-00003971-00004343 step will be at the end of this video so
pVt0F96Z5sI-00014-00004344-00004661 make sure to watch it until the end
pVt0F96Z5sI-00015-00004662-00004997 before we start my name is Elena semenek
pVt0F96Z5sI-00016-00004998-00005243 I'm a psychologist and the life coach
pVt0F96Z5sI-00017-00005244-00005477 and this is my YouTube channel
pVt0F96Z5sI-00018-00005478-00005836 psychology of Happiness welcome on this
pVt0F96Z5sI-00019-00005837-00006065 channel I help you to boost your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00020-00006066-00006406 self-esteem to overcome your insecurity
pVt0F96Z5sI-00021-00006408-00006695 and to guide you in creating loving
pVt0F96Z5sI-00022-00006695-00007055 profound relationships my mission is to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00023-00007056-00007414 help you to be happy and enjoy your life
pVt0F96Z5sI-00024-00007415-00007723 every week I release a new video about
pVt0F96Z5sI-00025-00007723-00008017 self-esteem relationships anxieties
pVt0F96Z5sI-00026-00008018-00008363 limiting beliefs and all other essential
pVt0F96Z5sI-00027-00008364-00008657 topics that will help you to manifest
pVt0F96Z5sI-00028-00008658-00009023 your dreams so subscribe to my channel
pVt0F96Z5sI-00029-00009024-00009310 and click the Bell icon so you won't
pVt0F96Z5sI-00030-00009311-00009683 miss my next video on another important
pVt0F96Z5sI-00031-00009684-00009821 topic
pVt0F96Z5sI-00032-00009822-00010264 okay let's talk about tip number one how
pVt0F96Z5sI-00033-00010265-00010606 to overcome inferiority complex and the
pVt0F96Z5sI-00034-00010607-00011045 tip is fake it till you make it try look
pVt0F96Z5sI-00035-00011046-00011387 at this tip as a game imagine that you
pVt0F96Z5sI-00036-00011388-00011710 are a confident and successful person
pVt0F96Z5sI-00037-00011711-00012070 to help yourself to imagine this use a
pVt0F96Z5sI-00038-00012071-00012335 small object that you carry around every
pVt0F96Z5sI-00039-00012336-00012821 day for example it can be a watch or a
pVt0F96Z5sI-00040-00012822-00013060 ring or even a pen
pVt0F96Z5sI-00041-00013061-00013451 so tell yourself when I'm wearing this
pVt0F96Z5sI-00042-00013452-00013793 ring I become confident and successful
pVt0F96Z5sI-00043-00013794-00014116 if you do it every day little by little
pVt0F96Z5sI-00044-00014118-00014435 this habit will create a new belief
pVt0F96Z5sI-00045-00014436-00014747 about yourself you don't need to force
pVt0F96Z5sI-00046-00014747-00015005 it you don't need to prove it this is a
pVt0F96Z5sI-00047-00015006-00015353 small fun game so every time you put on
pVt0F96Z5sI-00048-00015354-00015611 your watch your ring or
pVt0F96Z5sI-00049-00015612-00015916 take a pen just remind yourself that
pVt0F96Z5sI-00050-00015918-00016247 this is a magical tool magical device
pVt0F96Z5sI-00051-00016247-00016565 that gives its owner a magical power
pVt0F96Z5sI-00052-00016566-00016919 making them confident and successful
pVt0F96Z5sI-00053-00016920-00017189 the goal of this exercise is to be
pVt0F96Z5sI-00054-00017190-00017333 consistent
pVt0F96Z5sI-00055-00017334-00017644 you need to do it every day for at least
pVt0F96Z5sI-00056-00017645-00018089 21 consecutive days but you will notice
pVt0F96Z5sI-00057-00018090-00018358 the first result in about five to seven
pVt0F96Z5sI-00058-00018359-00018443 days
pVt0F96Z5sI-00059-00018444-00018803 to make the result consistent just keep
pVt0F96Z5sI-00060-00018804-00018994 doing the exercise
pVt0F96Z5sI-00061-00018995-00019300 by the way this is one of the exercises
pVt0F96Z5sI-00062-00019301-00019633 that I teach in my online happiness Club
pVt0F96Z5sI-00063-00019634-00019925 if you want to boost your self-esteem
pVt0F96Z5sI-00064-00019926-00020213 and create a life that you can be proud
pVt0F96Z5sI-00065-00020214-00020614 of then join my happiness club today and
pVt0F96Z5sI-00066-00020615-00020830 if you've never been a member of my club
pVt0F96Z5sI-00067-00020831-00021130 before I have a great news for you I
pVt0F96Z5sI-00068-00021131-00021430 have a special offer and you can join my
pVt0F96Z5sI-00069-00021431-00021821 club with a 30 discount today the link
pVt0F96Z5sI-00070-00021822-00022144 and the special offer is in the video
pVt0F96Z5sI-00071-00022145-00022558 description okay let's move on tip
pVt0F96Z5sI-00072-00022559-00022871 number two how to overcome inferiority
pVt0F96Z5sI-00073-00022872-00023044 complex is
pVt0F96Z5sI-00074-00023045-00023422 stop comparing yourself to others
pVt0F96Z5sI-00075-00023423-00023663 you can struggle from inferiority
pVt0F96Z5sI-00076-00023664-00023944 conflicts only if you compare yourself
pVt0F96Z5sI-00077-00023945-00024250 to another person if there is no
pVt0F96Z5sI-00078-00024251-00024539 comparison made then you can't feel that
pVt0F96Z5sI-00079-00024540-00024833 someone else is better than you in order
pVt0F96Z5sI-00080-00024834-00025133 to stop comparison yourself to others
pVt0F96Z5sI-00081-00025134-00025408 think about other people as different
pVt0F96Z5sI-00082-00025409-00025720 kinds of fruits or vegetables for
pVt0F96Z5sI-00083-00025722-00026008 example if I'm a cherry and my
pVt0F96Z5sI-00084-00026010-00026243 girlfriend is a blueberry does it mean
pVt0F96Z5sI-00085-00026244-00026567 that she's better than me no which is
pVt0F96Z5sI-00086-00026568-00026849 different types of berries one person
pVt0F96Z5sI-00087-00026850-00027118 likes cheers more and other likes
pVt0F96Z5sI-00088-00027119-00027437 blueberries so comparing them will not
pVt0F96Z5sI-00089-00027438-00027652 even make sense
pVt0F96Z5sI-00090-00027654-00028018 think about this ask yourself if your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00091-00028019-00028307 partner would be some type of fruit what
pVt0F96Z5sI-00092-00028308-00028414 would they be
pVt0F96Z5sI-00093-00028416-00028727 for example my husband would be an apple
pVt0F96Z5sI-00094-00028727-00029068 because first of all he loves apples and
pVt0F96Z5sI-00095-00029069-00029446 second he has a hardcore inside like an
pVt0F96Z5sI-00096-00029447-00029764 apple seed so I'm a cherry and he's an
pVt0F96Z5sI-00097-00029766-00030118 apple I'm a berry and he's another kind
pVt0F96Z5sI-00098-00030119-00030455 of fruit completely together we create
pVt0F96Z5sI-00099-00030456-00030761 the perfect combination in apple cherry
pVt0F96Z5sI-00100-00030762-00031012 pie
pVt0F96Z5sI-00101-00031013-00031318 so instead of comparison yourself to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00102-00031319-00031643 other just make it fun and enjoy your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00103-00031644-00031781 differences
pVt0F96Z5sI-00104-00031782-00032002 next time when you catch yourself
pVt0F96Z5sI-00105-00032003-00032249 feeling that somebody else is better
pVt0F96Z5sI-00106-00032250-00032573 than you just remind yourself that this
pVt0F96Z5sI-00107-00032574-00032855 person is a different fruit there are
pVt0F96Z5sI-00108-00032856-00033046 people who love it and there are people
pVt0F96Z5sI-00109-00033047-00033377 who are allergic to it the fruit is the
pVt0F96Z5sI-00110-00033378-00033677 fruit it's neither bad or good we are
pVt0F96Z5sI-00111-00033678-00034012 all different so comparison doesn't even
pVt0F96Z5sI-00112-00034013-00034235 make sense to begin with
pVt0F96Z5sI-00113-00034236-00034612 okay let's move on tip number three how
pVt0F96Z5sI-00114-00034613-00034931 to overcome inferiority complex is to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00115-00034932-00035140 get professional help
pVt0F96Z5sI-00116-00035141-00035459 it is important to ask for help when you
pVt0F96Z5sI-00117-00035460-00035752 need it you might say that you have your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00118-00035753-00035993 best friend or your family member that
pVt0F96Z5sI-00119-00035994-00036335 you can reach out to but as a therapist
pVt0F96Z5sI-00120-00036336-00036743 I can assure you that it is not the same
pVt0F96Z5sI-00121-00036744-00037018 and on this note I would like to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00122-00037019-00037295 introduce the sponsor of today's video
pVt0F96Z5sI-00123-00037296-00037679 better help so let's talk about your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00124-00037680-00037996 mental health and therapy one of the
pVt0F96Z5sI-00125-00037997-00038273 best ways to explain therapy is through
pVt0F96Z5sI-00126-00038274-00038429 analogy
pVt0F96Z5sI-00127-00038430-00038737 let's talk about it we get our car
pVt0F96Z5sI-00128-00038738-00039112 inspected to prevent biggest issue in
pVt0F96Z5sI-00129-00039113-00039455 the future we work out and we visit the
pVt0F96Z5sI-00130-00039456-00039737 doctor to prevent and heal from injuries
pVt0F96Z5sI-00131-00039738-00040012 and diseases we see the dentist to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00132-00040013-00040355 prevent cavities go into therapies is
pVt0F96Z5sI-00133-00040356-00040709 just like all of this therapy helps you
pVt0F96Z5sI-00134-00040710-00041021 to maintain and improve your mental and
pVt0F96Z5sI-00135-00041022-00041357 emotional Wellness it does not mean that
pVt0F96Z5sI-00136-00041358-00041590 something is wrong with you you are
pVt0F96Z5sI-00137-00041591-00041962 investing to keep your mind healthy so
pVt0F96Z5sI-00138-00041963-00042262 better help is customized online therapy
pVt0F96Z5sI-00139-00042263-00042557 that offers video phone and even live
pVt0F96Z5sI-00140-00042558-00042857 chat sessions so if you don't want to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00141-00042858-00043217 see anyone on camera you don't have to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00142-00043218-00043445 so just fill out the questionnaire
pVt0F96Z5sI-00143-00043446-00043708 online and you will get matched with
pVt0F96Z5sI-00144-00043709-00044093 your therapist within 48 hours you can
pVt0F96Z5sI-00145-00044094-00044389 schedule a secure video or phone session
pVt0F96Z5sI-00146-00044390-00044777 plus you can send unlimited messages to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00147-00044778-00045065 your therapist and of course everything
pVt0F96Z5sI-00148-00045066-00045293 that you share is completely
pVt0F96Z5sI-00149-00045294-00045490 confidential
pVt0F96Z5sI-00150-00045491-00045808 being a therapist myself I also have my
pVt0F96Z5sI-00151-00045809-00046102 own therapist as dentist goes to another
pVt0F96Z5sI-00152-00046103-00046445 dentist I'm as a therapist have my own
pVt0F96Z5sI-00153-00046446-00046733 therapist and I like to go to my
pVt0F96Z5sI-00154-00046734-00047074 therapies to maintain my mental health
pVt0F96Z5sI-00155-00047075-00047435 so check out betterhelp and for all my
pVt0F96Z5sI-00156-00047436-00047735 viewers I have a special link to get 10
pVt0F96Z5sI-00157-00047736-00048089 off your first month go to betterhelp
pVt0F96Z5sI-00158-00048090-00048390 which is better
pVt0F96Z5sI-00159-00048391-00048796 help.com slash psychology of happiness
pVt0F96Z5sI-00160-00048797-00049115 okay there are two more tips of how to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00161-00049116-00049451 overcome inferiority complex tip number
pVt0F96Z5sI-00162-00049452-00049829 four is to start a gratitude Journal
pVt0F96Z5sI-00163-00049830-00050105 one of the reasons that you feel that
pVt0F96Z5sI-00164-00050106-00050357 you are not good enough one of the
pVt0F96Z5sI-00165-00050358-00050657 reasons that you have low self-esteem is
pVt0F96Z5sI-00166-00050658-00050917 because you devalue your own achievement
pVt0F96Z5sI-00167-00050918-00051257 you devalue your own talents and your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00168-00051258-00051376 own skills
pVt0F96Z5sI-00169-00051377-00051707 maybe when you were little your parents
pVt0F96Z5sI-00170-00051708-00051940 placed huge expectations on your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00171-00051941-00052264 shoulders or maybe they were constantly
pVt0F96Z5sI-00172-00052265-00052529 telling you that you are not good enough
pVt0F96Z5sI-00173-00052529-00052787 it probably hurt them any times that
pVt0F96Z5sI-00174-00052788-00053063 someone else is smarter faster skinnier
pVt0F96Z5sI-00175-00053064-00053344 healthier more intelligent more
pVt0F96Z5sI-00176-00053345-00053603 political healthier and blah blah blah
pVt0F96Z5sI-00177-00053604-00053980 someone was better than you and you
pVt0F96Z5sI-00178-00053982-00054280 probably felt that no matter what you
pVt0F96Z5sI-00179-00054282-00054599 did you were always failing to meet your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00180-00054600-00054929 parents expectations let me tell you the
pVt0F96Z5sI-00181-00054929-00055253 truth this is not about you this is
pVt0F96Z5sI-00182-00055254-00055519 about your parents when a parent
pVt0F96Z5sI-00183-00055520-00055907 criticizes their child it is always the
pVt0F96Z5sI-00184-00055908-00056161 parent who is in a difficult situation
pVt0F96Z5sI-00185-00056162-00056554 and does not know how to react instead
pVt0F96Z5sI-00186-00056555-00056813 of looking for a solution a parent is
pVt0F96Z5sI-00187-00056814-00057166 blaming the child it is not your job to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00188-00057167-00057550 make your parents proud or happy your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00189-00057551-00057773 parents are responsible for their own
pVt0F96Z5sI-00190-00057774-00058085 happiness and you are responsible for
pVt0F96Z5sI-00191-00058086-00058457 your own life so everything is okay with
pVt0F96Z5sI-00192-00058458-00058811 you you far enough and I'm going to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00193-00058812-00059153 teach you how to find and connect to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00194-00059154-00059494 that feeling that I am worthy that I am
pVt0F96Z5sI-00195-00059495-00059891 enough that I am a good person and in
pVt0F96Z5sI-00196-00059891-00060154 order to do it buy yourself a notebook
pVt0F96Z5sI-00197-00060155-00060473 place it on the nightstand next to your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00198-00060474-00060797 bed and every night it is very important
pVt0F96Z5sI-00199-00060798-00061180 every night before going to sleep write
pVt0F96Z5sI-00200-00061182-00061438 down three things that you are grateful
pVt0F96Z5sI-00201-00061439-00061894 for for example I am grateful for every
pVt0F96Z5sI-00202-00061895-00062185 like that I receive on my YouTube videos
pVt0F96Z5sI-00203-00062186-00062542 and if you are enjoying this video so
pVt0F96Z5sI-00204-00062544-00062788 far please give me a like and share it
pVt0F96Z5sI-00205-00062789-00063011 with your friends and family
pVt0F96Z5sI-00206-00063012-00063371 I'm grateful for every client that
pVt0F96Z5sI-00207-00063372-00063659 chooses to pick me as their therapist
pVt0F96Z5sI-00208-00063660-00064019 I am grateful to my mom for babysitting
pVt0F96Z5sI-00209-00064020-00064361 my daughter so my husband and I can go
pVt0F96Z5sI-00210-00064362-00064480 on a date
pVt0F96Z5sI-00211-00064482-00064763 I am grateful to people in my local
pVt0F96Z5sI-00212-00064764-00065063 Trader Joe's their grocery shop for
pVt0F96Z5sI-00213-00065064-00065326 being always kind and positive
pVt0F96Z5sI-00214-00065327-00065644 so when you write your graduate Journal
pVt0F96Z5sI-00215-00065645-00065969 within a short time you will notice how
pVt0F96Z5sI-00216-00065970-00066235 your negative belief system will shift
pVt0F96Z5sI-00217-00066236-00066521 your focus will change from feeling
pVt0F96Z5sI-00218-00066522-00066797 miserable and not worthy to feeling
pVt0F96Z5sI-00219-00066798-00067126 grateful and being surrounded by kind
pVt0F96Z5sI-00220-00067127-00067379 and Beautiful People
pVt0F96Z5sI-00221-00067380-00067763 the hardest part of this exercise is to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00222-00067764-00068038 actually keep writing in your Journal
pVt0F96Z5sI-00223-00068039-00068350 this is why I recommend placing it on
pVt0F96Z5sI-00224-00068351-00068656 your nightstand next to your bed so it
pVt0F96Z5sI-00225-00068657-00068999 is always in your side let me know in
pVt0F96Z5sI-00226-00069000-00069226 the comments if you ever kept a
pVt0F96Z5sI-00227-00069227-00069475 gratitude journal and how it was for you
pVt0F96Z5sI-00228-00069476-00069767 or if it's something that you'd like to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00229-00069768-00069888 try
pVt0F96Z5sI-00230-00069889-00070253 sometimes Mike Lyons tell me that they
pVt0F96Z5sI-00231-00070254-00070517 are going through some hard times and
pVt0F96Z5sI-00232-00070518-00070756 they feel so overwhelmed and so
pVt0F96Z5sI-00233-00070757-00071153 depressed that it's so hard for them to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00234-00071154-00071326 come up with things that they're
pVt0F96Z5sI-00235-00071327-00071526 grateful for
pVt0F96Z5sI-00236-00071527-00071926 so if you can relate to that and if you
pVt0F96Z5sI-00237-00071927-00072179 are in a difficult situation right now
pVt0F96Z5sI-00238-00072180-00072449 and looking for a professional piece of
pVt0F96Z5sI-00239-00072450-00072688 advice or just for emotional support
pVt0F96Z5sI-00240-00072689-00072947 pause the video and type your question
pVt0F96Z5sI-00241-00072948-00073253 in the comments share your story with me
pVt0F96Z5sI-00242-00073254-00073505 and other people who are just like you
pVt0F96Z5sI-00243-00073506-00073793 watching this video do not miss this
pVt0F96Z5sI-00244-00073794-00074009 great opportunity to receive my
pVt0F96Z5sI-00245-00074010-00074273 professional guidance and emotional
pVt0F96Z5sI-00246-00074274-00074579 support right here right now free of
pVt0F96Z5sI-00247-00074580-00074956 cost I'm here for you I created my
pVt0F96Z5sI-00248-00074957-00075173 YouTube channel psychology of Happiness
pVt0F96Z5sI-00249-00075174-00075412 to help you to overcome your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00250-00075413-00075785 insecurities your fears and truly enjoy
pVt0F96Z5sI-00251-00075786-00076109 your life and final and the most
pVt0F96Z5sI-00252-00076110-00076432 important step to overcome inferiority
pVt0F96Z5sI-00253-00076433-00076685 complex is to take a blank piece of
pVt0F96Z5sI-00254-00076686-00077044 paper and using a thick marker write
pVt0F96Z5sI-00255-00077045-00077476 down I choose to love myself
pVt0F96Z5sI-00256-00077477-00077849 one day probably many years ago you made
pVt0F96Z5sI-00257-00077850-00078023 the decision that something is wrong
pVt0F96Z5sI-00258-00078024-00078391 with you you carry this idea for years
pVt0F96Z5sI-00259-00078392-00078688 since it was your decision for many
pVt0F96Z5sI-00260-00078689-00078935 years you were looking and actually
pVt0F96Z5sI-00261-00078936-00079355 created proofs to support this statement
pVt0F96Z5sI-00262-00079356-00079582 that you are not good enough
pVt0F96Z5sI-00263-00079583-00079955 so since it was your decision you are
pVt0F96Z5sI-00264-00079956-00080261 the one who can overwrite it that's why
pVt0F96Z5sI-00265-00080262-00080597 I want you to take a thick marker and
pVt0F96Z5sI-00266-00080598-00080987 write down I choose to love myself and
pVt0F96Z5sI-00267-00080988-00081329 place it in a visible location at first
pVt0F96Z5sI-00268-00081330-00081725 you might feel strange a weird feeling
pVt0F96Z5sI-00269-00081726-00082025 when you see the sign because on one
pVt0F96Z5sI-00270-00082026-00082306 hand you have the belief that you're not
pVt0F96Z5sI-00271-00082307-00082547 worthy that something is wrong with you
pVt0F96Z5sI-00272-00082548-00082888 on the other hand you have a note saying
pVt0F96Z5sI-00273-00082889-00083206 that you choose to love yourself this
pVt0F96Z5sI-00274-00083207-00083537 will create an internal conflict your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00275-00083538-00083831 brain has to research right now and
pVt0F96Z5sI-00276-00083832-00084065 create proofs to support your new
pVt0F96Z5sI-00277-00084066-00084467 decision just give it time our psyche is
pVt0F96Z5sI-00278-00084468-00084785 a magical device if you turn your brain
pVt0F96Z5sI-00279-00084786-00085091 into the right direction it will find
pVt0F96Z5sI-00280-00085092-00085409 all the reasons and all the evidence
pVt0F96Z5sI-00281-00085410-00085805 that you need to support your new idea
pVt0F96Z5sI-00282-00085806-00086056 it's a very small but extremely
pVt0F96Z5sI-00283-00086057-00086344 important step here is to change the
pVt0F96Z5sI-00284-00086345-00086718 location of your sign every three days
pVt0F96Z5sI-00285-00086719-00087094 make a reminder on your phone right now
pVt0F96Z5sI-00286-00087095-00087371 your brain is focusing on your negative
pVt0F96Z5sI-00287-00087372-00087731 qualities so I can guarantee you that
pVt0F96Z5sI-00288-00087732-00088012 you will get busy and even forget about
pVt0F96Z5sI-00289-00088013-00088247 your son shortly after watching this
pVt0F96Z5sI-00290-00088248-00088565 video so make sure to make your sign
pVt0F96Z5sI-00291-00088566-00088865 right now and add a reminder on your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00292-00088866-00089123 phone to change the location for the
pVt0F96Z5sI-00293-00089124-00089518 sign every three days you need to change
pVt0F96Z5sI-00294-00089519-00089788 the location because if you don't your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00295-00089789-00090106 brain will shortly ignore the sign even
pVt0F96Z5sI-00296-00090107-00090412 if it's right in front of your eyes this
pVt0F96Z5sI-00297-00090413-00090629 is a game our psyche is playing with us
pVt0F96Z5sI-00298-00090630-00091006 it's like chest your old self-limited
pVt0F96Z5sI-00299-00091007-00091211 belief system that you are not good
pVt0F96Z5sI-00300-00091212-00091576 enough will try to interfere and push
pVt0F96Z5sI-00301-00091577-00091882 away the new one that's why you have
pVt0F96Z5sI-00302-00091883-00092243 your sign and your phone as your allies
pVt0F96Z5sI-00303-00092244-00092567 okay there were five tips to overcome
pVt0F96Z5sI-00304-00092568-00092956 inferiority complex number one fake it
pVt0F96Z5sI-00305-00092957-00093193 till you make it remember about the ring
pVt0F96Z5sI-00306-00093194-00093599 number two think about yourself and
pVt0F96Z5sI-00307-00093600-00093832 another person as different fruits
pVt0F96Z5sI-00308-00093833-00094181 vegetables or berries this will help you
pVt0F96Z5sI-00309-00094182-00094438 to minimize the desire to compare
pVt0F96Z5sI-00310-00094439-00094817 yourself with others number three find
pVt0F96Z5sI-00311-00094818-00095105 the professional person a therapist or a
pVt0F96Z5sI-00312-00095106-00095332 life coach and by the way I do offer
pVt0F96Z5sI-00313-00095333-00095632 private sessions so contact me if you
pVt0F96Z5sI-00314-00095633-00095831 would like to choose me as your
pVt0F96Z5sI-00315-00095832-00096161 therapist our mental health is as
pVt0F96Z5sI-00316-00096162-00096415 important as our physical health
pVt0F96Z5sI-00317-00096416-00096761 number four start writing a gratitude
pVt0F96Z5sI-00318-00096762-00097097 journal and number five take a blank
pVt0F96Z5sI-00319-00097098-00097450 piece of paper and write down I choose
pVt0F96Z5sI-00320-00097451-00097721 to love myself and make a reminder on
pVt0F96Z5sI-00321-00097722-00098021 your phone to change the location of the
pVt0F96Z5sI-00322-00098022-00098411 sign every three days okay guys if you
pVt0F96Z5sI-00323-00098412-00098656 enjoyed this video please give me a like
pVt0F96Z5sI-00324-00098657-00098962 and if you are new to my channel then I
pVt0F96Z5sI-00325-00098963-00099179 would like to send you five free
pVt0F96Z5sI-00326-00099180-00099509 self-development webinars five free
pVt0F96Z5sI-00327-00099510-00099850 guided meditations and five free healing
pVt0F96Z5sI-00328-00099851-00100081 exercises visit
pVt0F96Z5sI-00329-00100082-00100499 atlanta.com free or check the link below
pVt0F96Z5sI-00330-00100500-00100912 the video and last but not least join my
pVt0F96Z5sI-00331-00100913-00101171 online happiness club and receive
pVt0F96Z5sI-00332-00101172-00101512 instant access to my entire healing
pVt0F96Z5sI-00333-00101513-00101797 database of guided meditation
pVt0F96Z5sI-00334-00101798-00102059 self-development webinars life coaching
pVt0F96Z5sI-00335-00102060-00102311 techniques breathing exercises art
pVt0F96Z5sI-00336-00102312-00102604 therapy energy work and all other
pVt0F96Z5sI-00337-00102605-00102904 essential healing techniques and of
pVt0F96Z5sI-00338-00102905-00103171 course you will get my personal support
pVt0F96Z5sI-00339-00103172-00103480 I do you and these sessions where
pVt0F96Z5sI-00340-00103481-00103756 members of my club ask me their
pVt0F96Z5sI-00341-00103757-00104123 questions free of costs also in my
pVt0F96Z5sI-00342-00104124-00104418 happiness Club you can enroll into three
pVt0F96Z5sI-00343-00104419-00104794 extremely important online courses one
pVt0F96Z5sI-00344-00104795-00105166 healing your inner child to overcome an
pVt0F96Z5sI-00345-00105167-00105454 emotional eating and three program
pVt0F96Z5sI-00346-00105455-00105784 yourself for Success so if you want to
pVt0F96Z5sI-00347-00105785-00106036 learn the secret of creating a happy
pVt0F96Z5sI-00348-00106038-00106427 life enroll in mind happiness Club right
pVt0F96Z5sI-00349-00106428-00106715 now with a special offer that I have in
pVt0F96Z5sI-00350-00106716-00107057 the video description you can have a
pVt0F96Z5sI-00351-00107058-00107315 life that you can be proud of and I'm
pVt0F96Z5sI-00352-00107316-00107647 here to guide you and support you visit
pVt0F96Z5sI-00353-00107648-00107981 atlanta.com happiness
pVt0F96Z5sI-00354-00107982-00108281 it will mean a lot to me if you can
pVt0F96Z5sI-00355-00108282-00108473 share this video with your friends and
pVt0F96Z5sI-00356-00108474-00108778 family and it will mean a lot to me if
pVt0F96Z5sI-00357-00108779-00108983 you can share your feedback in the
pVt0F96Z5sI-00358-00108983-00109289 comments thank you for watching and see
pVt0F96Z5sI-00359-00109290-00109922 you soon in my next important video bye
pVt0F96Z5sI-00360-00109923-00110921 [Music]
pYNV2KSprbg-00000-00000017-00000179 accidentally threw away the Grammy
pYNV2KSprbg-00001-00000180-00000353 batting formula it's like the founded we
pYNV2KSprbg-00002-00000354-00000509 tried we tried to look back when we
pYNV2KSprbg-00003-00000509-00000697 failed
pYNV2KSprbg-00004-00000698-00001005 [Music]
pZbybm1QtGA-00000-00000000-00000185 hey it's Andre just a quick one today
pZbybm1QtGA-00001-00000186-00000383 where I show you how to quickly convert
pZbybm1QtGA-00002-00000384-00000671 a mono recording track into a stereo
pZbybm1QtGA-00003-00000672-00000935 audio recorded track in audacity if the
pZbybm1QtGA-00004-00000936-00001097 microphone you're using is only capable
pZbybm1QtGA-00005-00001098-00001277 of producing a mono track for your
pZbybm1QtGA-00006-00001278-00001523 stereo project like this one does then
pZbybm1QtGA-00007-00001524-00001697 when you play the sound back often
pZbybm1QtGA-00008-00001698-00001859 because you're playing it in Stereo
pZbybm1QtGA-00009-00001860-00002039 format which creates a left and right
pZbybm1QtGA-00010-00002039-00002237 output channel for your left and right
pZbybm1QtGA-00011-00002238-00002434 ears then you'll sometimes only hear
pZbybm1QtGA-00012-00002435-00002668 sound coming out of one ear usually the
pZbybm1QtGA-00013-00002669-00002915 left ear so what do you do to create the
pZbybm1QtGA-00014-00002916-00003191 stereo sound from that mono input let's
pZbybm1QtGA-00015-00003192-00003454 get over to audacity and find out just
pZbybm1QtGA-00016-00003455-00003683 how easy it is so I'm in audacity and
pZbybm1QtGA-00017-00003684-00003911 for every video that I do I record the
pZbybm1QtGA-00018-00003911-00004222 audio directly into audacity so the
pZbybm1QtGA-00019-00004223-00004456 audio that you see here is from this
pZbybm1QtGA-00020-00004457-00004625 microphone that I reviewed a couple of
pZbybm1QtGA-00021-00004626-00004891 weeks ago it's the ma oh no
pZbybm1QtGA-00022-00004892-00005320 pm461s microphone and it records on a
pZbybm1QtGA-00023-00005321-00005597 mono track so if we want to turn that
pZbybm1QtGA-00024-00005598-00005818 into a stereo track it's actually quite
pZbybm1QtGA-00025-00005819-00005981 a simple process and this is what we
pZbybm1QtGA-00026-00005982-00006154 have to do so we've got the file here
pZbybm1QtGA-00027-00006155-00006454 and all we need to do is select all
pZbybm1QtGA-00028-00006455-00006737 so it's highlighted the whole track and
pZbybm1QtGA-00029-00006738-00006964 then we need to duplicate it so we go on
pZbybm1QtGA-00030-00006965-00007234 edit and then duplicate it and then you
pZbybm1QtGA-00031-00007236-00007420 get two tracks here side by side these
pZbybm1QtGA-00032-00007422-00007691 are currently two audio tracks and all
pZbybm1QtGA-00033-00007692-00007913 we need to do is right click here and
pZbybm1QtGA-00034-00007914-00008189 then you can see make stereo track
pZbybm1QtGA-00035-00008190-00008410 there we go we've got our stereo track
pZbybm1QtGA-00036-00008411-00008651 now we've turned the audio from this
pZbybm1QtGA-00037-00008652-00008939 microphone in a mono track into a stereo
pZbybm1QtGA-00038-00008940-00009059 track which means you'll be able to hear
pZbybm1QtGA-00039-00009060-00009292 in both ears hopefully this quick
pZbybm1QtGA-00040-00009293-00009424 tutorial has helped you out in
pZbybm1QtGA-00041-00009425-00009653 converting your mono audio into stereo
pZbybm1QtGA-00042-00009654-00009928 audio in audacity stay tuned for my
pZbybm1QtGA-00043-00009929-00010067 other videos and if there's any other
pZbybm1QtGA-00044-00010068-00010259 topics on Audacity that you want just
pZbybm1QtGA-00045-00010260-00010433 let me know in the comments below thanks
pZbybm1QtGA-00046-00010434-00010601 for watching Press the like button if
pZbybm1QtGA-00047-00010602-00010787 you like this video And subscribe if you
pZbybm1QtGA-00048-00010788-00010973 haven't already for more content just
pZbybm1QtGA-00049-00010974-00011206 like this and I'll see you in the next
pZbybm1QtGA-00050-00011207-00011357 one
pZbybm1QtGA-00051-00011358-00011935 [Music]
pZbybm1QtGA-00052-00011936-00012236 thank you
pb4Doq_or88-00000-00000050-00000304 the Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed
pb4Doq_or88-00001-00000305-00000544 inland body of water on earth by area
pb4Doq_or88-00002-00000545-00000748 variously classed as the world's largest
pb4Doq_or88-00003-00000749-00001036 lake or a full-fledged sea it is an
pb4Doq_or88-00004-00001037-00001264 indoor ik Basin a basin without outflows
pb4Doq_or88-00005-00001265-00001546 located between Europe and Asia it is
pb4Doq_or88-00006-00001547-00001758 bounded by Kazakhstan to the northeast
pb4Doq_or88-00007-00001759-00001992 Russia to the northwest Azerbaijan to
pb4Doq_or88-00008-00001993-00002151 the west a run to the south and
pb4Doq_or88-00009-00002152-00002433 Turkmenistan to the southeast the
pb4Doq_or88-00010-00002434-00002682 Caspian Sea presently lies about 28
pb4Doq_or88-00011-00002683-00002929 metres 92 feet below sea level in the
pb4Doq_or88-00012-00002930-00003121 Caspian depression to the east of the
pb4Doq_or88-00013-00003122-00003295 Caucasus Mountains and to the west of
pb4Doq_or88-00014-00003296-00003535 the vast steppe of Central Asia the
pb4Doq_or88-00015-00003536-00003742 seabed in the southern part reaches as
pb4Doq_or88-00016-00003743-00004201 low as 1,000 23 meters 3356 feet below
pb4Doq_or88-00017-00004202-00004393 sea level which is the second lowest
pb4Doq_or88-00018-00004394-00004603 natural depression on earth after Lake
pb4Doq_or88-00019-00004604-00004918 Baikal - 1180 metres
pb4Doq_or88-00020-00004919-00005329 - 3,000 871 feet the ancient inhabitants
pb4Doq_or88-00021-00005330-00005560 of its coasts perceived the Caspian Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00022-00005561-00005779 as an ocean probably because of its
pb4Doq_or88-00023-00005780-00006094 saltiness and large size the sea has a
pb4Doq_or88-00024-00006095-00006411 surface area of 371 thousand square
pb4Doq_or88-00025-00006412-00006712 kilometres 143 thousand two hundred
pb4Doq_or88-00026-00006713-00006909 square miles not including the detached
pb4Doq_or88-00027-00006911-00007108 lagoon of ghurabaa cockle and a volume
pb4Doq_or88-00028-00007109-00007579 of 78,000 202 ba' kilometres 18800 see
pb4Doq_or88-00029-00007580-00007816 you me it has a salinity of
pb4Doq_or88-00030-00007817-00008116 approximately 1.2 percent 12 grams L
pb4Doq_or88-00031-00008117-00008320 about a third of the salinity of most
pb4Doq_or88-00032-00008321-00008762 seawater
pb4Doq_or88-00033-00008763-00009214 pick etymology
pb4Doq_or88-00034-00009215-00009560 topic the word Caspian is derived from
pb4Doq_or88-00035-00009561-00009776 the name of the Casspi an ancient people
pb4Doq_or88-00036-00009777-00009944 who lived to the southwest of the sea
pb4Doq_or88-00037-00009945-00010271 and Transcaucasia Strabo wrote that to
pb4Doq_or88-00038-00010272-00010474 the country of the albanians belongs
pb4Doq_or88-00039-00010475-00010751 also the territory called Caspian which
pb4Doq_or88-00040-00010752-00010994 was named after the Caspian tribe as was
pb4Doq_or88-00041-00010995-00011203 also the sea but the tribe has now
pb4Doq_or88-00042-00011204-00011341 disappeared
pb4Doq_or88-00043-00011342-00011617 moreover the Caspian gates which is the
pb4Doq_or88-00044-00011618-00011788 name of a region in iran's tehran
pb4Doq_or88-00045-00011789-00011989 province possibly indicates that they
pb4Doq_or88-00046-00011990-00012235 migrated to the south of the sea the
pb4Doq_or88-00047-00012236-00012466 Iranian city of caffeine shares the root
pb4Doq_or88-00048-00012467-00012733 of its name with that of the sea in fact
pb4Doq_or88-00049-00012734-00012946 the traditional Arabic name for the sea
pb4Doq_or88-00050-00012947-00013213 itself as Bar al Cosman sea of caffeine
pb4Doq_or88-00051-00013215-00013444 in classical antiquity among Greeks and
pb4Doq_or88-00052-00013445-00013622 Persians it was called the higher kenyan
pb4Doq_or88-00053-00013622-00013928 ocean in persian antiquity as well as in
pb4Doq_or88-00054-00013929-00014138 modern Iran it is known as dry Iker
pb4Doq_or88-00055-00014138-00014360 Darya eheh Tsar it is also sometimes
pb4Doq_or88-00056-00014361-00014585 referred to as ms and ransie persian
pb4Doq_or88-00057-00014586-00014894 drying Mazarin in iran ancient Arabic
pb4Doq_or88-00058-00014894-00015110 sources referred to it as Bar Gillen BER
pb4Doq_or88-00059-00015111-00015415 Gillen meaning the Gillen see
pb4Doq_or88-00060-00015416-00015666 turkic languages refer to the lake as
pb4Doq_or88-00061-00015668-00015943 hazhar see in Turkmen the name is hazard
pb4Doq_or88-00062-00015944-00016156 and easy in as Airy it is xored and easy
pb4Doq_or88-00063-00016157-00016381 and in modern Turkish it is hazard and
pb4Doq_or88-00064-00016382-00016669 easy in all these cases the second word
pb4Doq_or88-00065-00016670-00017014 simply means C and the first word refers
pb4Doq_or88-00066-00017015-00017188 to the historical Khazars who had a
pb4Doq_or88-00067-00017189-00017383 large Empire base to the north of the
pb4Doq_or88-00068-00017384-00017584 Caspian Sea between the 7th and 10th
pb4Doq_or88-00069-00017585-00017881 centuries an exception is Kazakh where
pb4Doq_or88-00070-00017882-00018094 it is called kiss TZ to speed 10
pb4Doq_or88-00071-00018095-00018436 easy Caspian Sea Renaissance European
pb4Doq_or88-00072-00018437-00018667 maps labelled it as a package C or once
pb4Doq_or88-00073-00018668-00019051 fine s 1531 world map Marda baku
pb4Doq_or88-00074-00019052-00019510 ortelius 1570 map or Mar de Sala where
pb4Doq_or88-00075-00019511-00019942 caters 1569 map old Russian sources call
pb4Doq_or88-00076-00019943-00020134 it the Cavalli nor Cavalli see the
pb4Doq_or88-00077-00020135-00020365 valence claim or hvala Co more after the
pb4Doq_or88-00078-00020366-00020650 name of Korres mia in modern Russian it
pb4Doq_or88-00079-00020651-00020857 is called kiss big more kiss pious
pb4Doq_or88-00080-00020858-00021290 claim or
pb4Doq_or88-00081-00021291-00021797 pick physical characteristics
pb4Doq_or88-00082-00021798-00022166 topic
pb4Doq_or88-00083-00022167-00022650 topic formation
pb4Doq_or88-00084-00022651-00023025 topic the caspian sea like the Black Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00085-00023026-00023258 naw Mac Lake and Lake Urmia is a remnant
pb4Doq_or88-00086-00023259-00023544 of the ancient parrot LEC it became
pb4Doq_or88-00087-00023545-00023822 landlocked about 5.5 million years ago
pb4Doq_or88-00088-00023823-00024066 due to tectonic uplift and a fall in sea
pb4Doq_or88-00089-00024067-00024344 level during warm and dry climatic
pb4Doq_or88-00090-00024345-00024569 periods the landlocked sea almost dried
pb4Doq_or88-00091-00024570-00024789 up depositing evaporated sediments like
pb4Doq_or88-00092-00024790-00024942 halite that were covered by windblown
pb4Doq_or88-00093-00024943-00025133 deposits and were sealed off as an
pb4Doq_or88-00094-00025134-00025347 evaporite sink when cool wet climates
pb4Doq_or88-00095-00025348-00025625 refilled the basin comparable evaporite
pb4Doq_or88-00096-00025626-00025842 beds underlied the Mediterranean due to
pb4Doq_or88-00097-00025843-00026033 the current in flow of fresh water the
pb4Doq_or88-00098-00026035-00026256 Caspian Sea is a freshwater lake in its
pb4Doq_or88-00099-00026257-00026475 northern portions and is most saline on
pb4Doq_or88-00100-00026476-00026661 the Iranian shore where the catchment
pb4Doq_or88-00101-00026662-00026955 basin contributes little flow currently
pb4Doq_or88-00102-00026956-00027150 the mean salinity of the Caspian is
pb4Doq_or88-00103-00027151-00027393 one-third that of Earth's oceans the
pb4Doq_or88-00104-00027394-00027600 ghurabaa Gockel embayment which dried up
pb4Doq_or88-00105-00027601-00027780 when water flow from the main body of
pb4Doq_or88-00106-00027781-00028037 the Caspian was blocked in the 1980s but
pb4Doq_or88-00107-00028038-00028202 has since been restored routinely
pb4Doq_or88-00108-00028203-00028443 exceeds oceanic salinity by a factor of
pb4Doq_or88-00109-00028444-00028758 10
pb4Doq_or88-00110-00028759-00029260 topic geography
pb4Doq_or88-00111-00029261-00029605 topic the Caspian Sea is the largest
pb4Doq_or88-00112-00029606-00029817 inland body of water in the world and
pb4Doq_or88-00113-00029818-00030052 accounts for 40 to 44 percent of the
pb4Doq_or88-00114-00030052-00030218 total the custard waters of the world
pb4Doq_or88-00115-00030219-00030495 the coastlines of the Caspian are shared
pb4Doq_or88-00116-00030496-00030811 by Azerbaijan Iran Kazakhstan Russia and
pb4Doq_or88-00117-00030812-00031117 Turkmenistan the Caspian is divided into
pb4Doq_or88-00118-00031118-00031324 three distinct physical regions the
pb4Doq_or88-00119-00031325-00031614 northern middle and southern Caspian the
pb4Doq_or88-00120-00031615-00031804 northern middle boundary is the Mangesh
pb4Doq_or88-00121-00031805-00031951 lake threshold which runs through
pb4Doq_or88-00122-00031952-00032170 Chechen Island and Cape T AB kerrigan
pb4Doq_or88-00123-00032170-00032410 the middle southern boundary is the app
pb4Doq_or88-00124-00032411-00032608 Shirin threshold a sill of tectonic
pb4Doq_or88-00125-00032608-00032818 origin between the Eurasian continent
pb4Doq_or88-00126-00032819-00033027 and an oceanic remnant that runs through
pb4Doq_or88-00127-00033028-00033321 July Island and Cape Coulee the ghurabaa
pb4Doq_or88-00128-00033322-00033549 Gockel Bay as the Saline Eastern inlet
pb4Doq_or88-00129-00033550-00033702 of the Caspian which is part of
pb4Doq_or88-00130-00033703-00033898 Turkmenistan and at times has been a
pb4Doq_or88-00131-00033899-00034014 lake in its own right
pb4Doq_or88-00132-00034015-00034168 due to the Isthmus that cuts it off from
pb4Doq_or88-00133-00034169-00034449 the Caspian differences between the
pb4Doq_or88-00134-00034450-00034668 three regions are dramatic the northern
pb4Doq_or88-00135-00034669-00034902 Caspian only includes the Caspian shelf
pb4Doq_or88-00136-00034903-00035110 and is very shallow it accounts for less
pb4Doq_or88-00137-00035111-00035364 than 1% of the total water volume with
pb4Doq_or88-00138-00035365-00035601 an average depth of only 5 to 6 meters
pb4Doq_or88-00139-00035602-00035952 16 to 20 feet the sea noticeably drops
pb4Doq_or88-00140-00035953-00036162 off towards the middle Caspian where the
pb4Doq_or88-00141-00036163-00036592 average depth is 190 meters 620 feet the
pb4Doq_or88-00142-00036593-00036789 southern Caspian is the deepest with
pb4Doq_or88-00143-00036790-00037058 oceanic depths of over 1,000 metres
pb4Doq_or88-00144-00037059-00037314 3,300 feet greatly exceeding the depth
pb4Doq_or88-00145-00037315-00037498 of other regional seas such as the
pb4Doq_or88-00146-00037499-00037740 Persian Gulf the middle and southern
pb4Doq_or88-00147-00037741-00038089 Caspian account for 33% and 66 percent
pb4Doq_or88-00148-00038090-00038299 of the total water volume respectively
pb4Doq_or88-00149-00038300-00038560 the northern portion of the Caspian Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00150-00038561-00038785 typically freezes in the winter and in
pb4Doq_or88-00151-00038786-00038964 the coldest winters ice forms in the
pb4Doq_or88-00152-00038965-00039321 south as well over 130 rivers provide
pb4Doq_or88-00153-00039322-00039535 inflow to the Caspian with the Volga
pb4Doq_or88-00154-00039536-00039780 River being the largest a second
pb4Doq_or88-00155-00039781-00039979 affluent the Ural River flows in from
pb4Doq_or88-00156-00039980-00040161 the north and the Kirov er flows into
pb4Doq_or88-00157-00040162-00040437 the sea from the west in the past the
pb4Doq_or88-00158-00040438-00040707 AMU Darya axis of Central Asia in the
pb4Doq_or88-00159-00040708-00040918 east often changed course to empty into
pb4Doq_or88-00160-00040919-00041089 the Caspian through a now desiccated
pb4Doq_or88-00161-00041090-00041376 riverbed called the river as did the syr
pb4Doq_or88-00162-00041377-00041682 darya farther north the Caspian also has
pb4Doq_or88-00163-00041683-00041886 several small islands they are primarily
pb4Doq_or88-00164-00041887-00042043 located in the north and have a
pb4Doq_or88-00165-00042044-00042243 collective land area of roughly two
pb4Doq_or88-00166-00042244-00042537 thousand square kilometres 770 square
pb4Doq_or88-00167-00042538-00042617 miles
pb4Doq_or88-00168-00042618-00042857 adjacent to the north caspian as the
pb4Doq_or88-00169-00042858-00043145 caspian depression a low-lying region 27
pb4Doq_or88-00170-00043146-00043396 meters 89 feet below sea level the
pb4Doq_or88-00171-00043397-00043637 Central Asian steppes stretch across the
pb4Doq_or88-00172-00043638-00043826 northeast coast while the caucasus
pb4Doq_or88-00173-00043827-00044063 mountains HUD the western shore the
pb4Doq_or88-00174-00044064-00044249 biomes to both the north and east are
pb4Doq_or88-00175-00044250-00044438 characterized by cold continental
pb4Doq_or88-00176-00044439-00044720 deserts conversely the climate to the
pb4Doq_or88-00177-00044721-00044933 south west and south are generally warm
pb4Doq_or88-00178-00044934-00045140 with uneven elevation due to a mix of
pb4Doq_or88-00179-00045141-00045314 highlands and mountain ranges the
pb4Doq_or88-00180-00045315-00045524 drastic changes in climate alongside the
pb4Doq_or88-00181-00045525-00045692 Caspian have led to a great deal of
pb4Doq_or88-00182-00045693-00046031 biodiversity in the region the Caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00183-00046032-00046232 Sea has numerous islands throughout all
pb4Doq_or88-00184-00046233-00046397 of them near the coasts none in the
pb4Doq_or88-00185-00046398-00046679 deeper parts of the sea o Girja ADA is
pb4Doq_or88-00186-00046680-00046964 the largest island the island is 37
pb4Doq_or88-00187-00046965-00047237 kilometres 23 miles long with gazelles
pb4Doq_or88-00188-00047238-00047462 roaming freely on it in the North
pb4Doq_or88-00189-00047463-00047681 Caspian the majority of the islands are
pb4Doq_or88-00190-00047682-00047885 small and uninhabited like the tae-yul
pb4Doq_or88-00191-00047886-00048074 in the archipelago an important Bird
pb4Doq_or88-00192-00048075-00048269 area IVA although some of them have
pb4Doq_or88-00193-00048270-00048637 human settlements
pb4Doq_or88-00194-00048638-00049145 topic hydrology
pb4Doq_or88-00195-00049146-00049505 topic the Caspian has characteristics
pb4Doq_or88-00196-00049506-00049769 common to both seas and lakes it is
pb4Doq_or88-00197-00049770-00050045 often listed as the world s largest lake
pb4Doq_or88-00198-00050046-00050309 although it is not a freshwater lake it
pb4Doq_or88-00199-00050310-00050657 contains about 3.5 times more water by
pb4Doq_or88-00200-00050658-00051011 volume than all five of North America s
pb4Doq_or88-00201-00051012-00051251 Great Lakes combined the Caspian was
pb4Doq_or88-00202-00051252-00051425 once part of the Teddy's ocean but
pb4Doq_or88-00203-00051426-00051679 became landlocked about five five
pb4Doq_or88-00204-00051680-00051871 million years ago due to plate tectonics
pb4Doq_or88-00205-00051872-00052178 the Volga River about 80 percent of the
pb4Doq_or88-00206-00052179-00052394 inflow and the Ural River discharge into
pb4Doq_or88-00207-00052395-00052583 the Caspian Sea but it has no natural
pb4Doq_or88-00208-00052584-00052784 outflow other than by evaporation
pb4Doq_or88-00209-00052785-00053078 thus the Caspian ecosystem is a closed
pb4Doq_or88-00210-00053079-00053285 Basin with its own sea-level history
pb4Doq_or88-00211-00053286-00053450 that is independent of the eustatic
pb4Doq_or88-00212-00053451-00053762 level of the world's oceans the level of
pb4Doq_or88-00213-00053763-00053978 the Caspian has fallen and risen often
pb4Doq_or88-00214-00053979-00054196 rapidly many times over the centuries
pb4Doq_or88-00215-00054197-00054452 some Russian historians claim that a
pb4Doq_or88-00216-00054453-00054674 medieval rising of the Caspian perhaps
pb4Doq_or88-00217-00054675-00054890 caused by the AMU Darya changing its
pb4Doq_or88-00218-00054891-00055085 inflow to the Caspian from the 13th
pb4Doq_or88-00219-00055086-00055328 century to the 16th century caused the
pb4Doq_or88-00220-00055329-00055586 coastal towns of kesariya such as 80 il
pb4Doq_or88-00221-00055587-00055994 to flood in 2004 the water level was 28
pb4Doq_or88-00222-00055995-00056360 metres 92 feet below sea level over the
pb4Doq_or88-00223-00056361-00056552 centuries caspian sea levels have
pb4Doq_or88-00224-00056553-00056755 changed in synchrony with the estimated
pb4Doq_or88-00225-00056757-00056941 discharge of the Volga which in turn
pb4Doq_or88-00226-00056942-00057146 depends on rainfall levels in its vast
pb4Doq_or88-00227-00057147-00057464 catchment basin precipitation is related
pb4Doq_or88-00228-00057465-00057641 to variations in the amount of North
pb4Doq_or88-00229-00057641-00057812 Atlantic depressions that reach the
pb4Doq_or88-00230-00057813-00058001 interior and they in turn are affected
pb4Doq_or88-00231-00058002-00058160 by cycles of the North Atlantic
pb4Doq_or88-00232-00058161-00058448 Oscillation thus levels in the Caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00233-00058449-00058670 Sea relate to atmospheric conditions in
pb4Doq_or88-00234-00058671-00058862 the North Atlantic thousands of miles to
pb4Doq_or88-00235-00058863-00059045 the northwest the last short-term
pb4Doq_or88-00236-00059046-00059261 sea-level cycle started with a sea-level
pb4Doq_or88-00237-00059262-00059584 fall of 3 metres 10 feet from 1929 to
pb4Doq_or88-00238-00059585-00059912 1977 followed by a rise of 3 metres 10
pb4Doq_or88-00239-00059913-00060344 feet from 1977 until 1995 since then
pb4Doq_or88-00240-00060345-00060898 smaller oscillations have taken place
pb4Doq_or88-00241-00060899-00061426 topic environmental degradation
pb4Doq_or88-00242-00061427-00061782 topic the volga river the largest in
pb4Doq_or88-00243-00061783-00062035 europe drains 20% of the european land
pb4Doq_or88-00244-00062036-00062263 area and is the source of 80% of the
pb4Doq_or88-00245-00062264-00062541 caspian zin flow its lower reaches are
pb4Doq_or88-00246-00062542-00062707 heavily developed with numerous and
pb4Doq_or88-00247-00062708-00062899 regulated releases of chemical and
pb4Doq_or88-00248-00062900-00063187 biological pollutants although existing
pb4Doq_or88-00249-00063188-00063363 data is scarce and of questionable
pb4Doq_or88-00250-00063364-00063553 quality there is ample evidence to
pb4Doq_or88-00251-00063554-00063721 suggest that the Volga is one of the
pb4Doq_or88-00252-00063722-00063898 principal sources of trans boundary
pb4Doq_or88-00253-00063899-00064165 contaminants into the Caspian the
pb4Doq_or88-00254-00064166-00064390 magnitude of fossil fuel extraction and
pb4Doq_or88-00255-00064391-00064624 transport activity in the Caspian also
pb4Doq_or88-00256-00064625-00064791 poses a risk to the environment
pb4Doq_or88-00257-00064792-00065091 the island of Volkov Baku for example
pb4Doq_or88-00258-00065092-00065292 has suffered ecological damage as a
pb4Doq_or88-00259-00065294-00065454 result of the petrochemical industry
pb4Doq_or88-00260-00065455-00065676 this has significantly decreased the
pb4Doq_or88-00261-00065677-00065875 number of species of marine birds in the
pb4Doq_or88-00262-00065876-00066172 area existing and planned oil and gas
pb4Doq_or88-00263-00066173-00066340 pipelines under the sea further
pb4Doq_or88-00264-00066341-00066511 increased the potential threat to the
pb4Doq_or88-00265-00066512-00066721 environment the Vladimir fillin offski
pb4Doq_or88-00266-00066722-00066904 field in the Russian section of the body
pb4Doq_or88-00267-00066905-00067090 of water was discovered for its wealth
pb4Doq_or88-00268-00067091-00067426 of oil in 2005 it is reportedly the
pb4Doq_or88-00269-00067427-00067719 largest discovery of oil in 25 years it
pb4Doq_or88-00270-00067720-00068026 was announced in October 2016 that
pb4Doq_or88-00271-00068027-00068209 Lukoil would start production in this
pb4Doq_or88-00272-00068210-00068556 region
pb4Doq_or88-00273-00068557-00069055 topic nature
pb4Doq_or88-00274-00069056-00069421 topic
pb4Doq_or88-00275-00069422-00069886 topic aquatic
pb4Doq_or88-00276-00069887-00070233 topic
pb4Doq_or88-00277-00070234-00070669 topic flora
pb4Doq_or88-00278-00070670-00071023 topic the rising level of the caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00279-00071024-00071374 sea between 1994 and 1996 reduced the
pb4Doq_or88-00280-00071375-00071572 number of habitats for rare species of
pb4Doq_or88-00281-00071573-00071827 aquatic vegetation this has been
pb4Doq_or88-00282-00071828-00072019 attributed to a general lack of seeding
pb4Doq_or88-00283-00072020-00072259 material in newly formed coastal lagoons
pb4Doq_or88-00284-00072260-00072619 and water bodies
pb4Doq_or88-00285-00072620-00073056 topic fauna
pb4Doq_or88-00286-00073057-00073431 topic the Caspian turtle more amis casts
pb4Doq_or88-00287-00073432-00073485 pika
pb4Doq_or88-00288-00073486-00073659 although found in neighboring areas is a
pb4Doq_or88-00289-00073660-00073992 holy freshwater species the zebra mussel
pb4Doq_or88-00290-00073993-00074187 is native to the Caspian and Black Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00291-00074188-00074355 basins but has become an invasive
pb4Doq_or88-00292-00074356-00074652 species elsewhere when introduced the
pb4Doq_or88-00293-00074653-00074844 area has given its name to several
pb4Doq_or88-00294-00074845-00075060 species including the caspian gull in
pb4Doq_or88-00295-00075061-00075369 the Caspian tern the Caspian seal
pb4Doq_or88-00296-00075370-00075588 casts pika is the only aquatic mammal
pb4Doq_or88-00297-00075589-00075801 and is endemic to the Caspian Sea being
pb4Doq_or88-00298-00075802-00076026 one of very few seal species that live
pb4Doq_or88-00299-00076027-00076209 in inland waters but it is different
pb4Doq_or88-00300-00076210-00076401 from those inhabiting fresh waters due
pb4Doq_or88-00301-00076402-00076590 to the hydrological environment of the
pb4Doq_or88-00302-00076591-00076790 sea
pb4Doq_or88-00303-00076791-00076980 archeological studies of gobustan
pb4Doq_or88-00304-00076981-00077201 petroglyphs indicate that there once had
pb4Doq_or88-00305-00077202-00077417 been dolphins and porpoises or a certain
pb4Doq_or88-00306-00077418-00077610 species of beaked whales in a whaling
pb4Doq_or88-00307-00077611-00077792 scene indicates large baleen whales
pb4Doq_or88-00308-00077793-00078023 likely being present in caspian sea at
pb4Doq_or88-00309-00078024-00078212 least until when the caspian sea ceased
pb4Doq_or88-00310-00078213-00078401 being a part of the ocean system or
pb4Doq_or88-00311-00078402-00078563 until the quaternary are much more
pb4Doq_or88-00312-00078564-00078761 recent periods such as until the last
pb4Doq_or88-00313-00078762-00078954 glacial period or antiquity
pb4Doq_or88-00314-00078955-00079181 although the rock art on kick dish
pb4Doq_or88-00315-00079182-00079365 mountain is assumed to be of a dolphin
pb4Doq_or88-00316-00079366-00079548 or of a beaked whale it might instead
pb4Doq_or88-00317-00079549-00079775 represent the famous beluga sturgeon due
pb4Doq_or88-00318-00079776-00080016 to its size 430 centimeters in length
pb4Doq_or88-00319-00080017-00080229 but fossil record suggests certain
pb4Doq_or88-00320-00080230-00080429 ancestors of modern dolphins and whales
pb4Doq_or88-00321-00080430-00080661 such as macro country Odin Mirani
pb4Doq_or88-00322-00080662-00080886 bottlenose dolphins and ballon op Terra
pb4Doq_or88-00323-00080887-00081101 Sibyl Deena blue whales were presumably
pb4Doq_or88-00324-00081102-00081267 larger than their present descendants
pb4Doq_or88-00325-00081268-00081599 from the same artworks oxlike Brundage s
pb4Doq_or88-00326-00081600-00081824 Guillemette could also have been in the
pb4Doq_or88-00327-00081825-00082019 sea as well and these petroglyphs
pb4Doq_or88-00328-00082020-00082238 suggest marine inflow between the
pb4Doq_or88-00329-00082239-00082463 current Caspian Sea and the Arctic Ocean
pb4Doq_or88-00330-00082464-00082793 or North Sea or the Black Sea this is
pb4Doq_or88-00331-00082794-00083042 supported by the existences of current
pb4Doq_or88-00332-00083043-00083322 endemic oceanic species such as Lagoon
pb4Doq_or88-00333-00083323-00083579 cockles which was genetically identified
pb4Doq_or88-00334-00083580-00083807 to originate in Caspian Black Seas
pb4Doq_or88-00335-00083808-00084149 regions the sea s Basin including
pb4Doq_or88-00336-00084150-00084482 associated waters such as rivers has 160
pb4Doq_or88-00337-00084483-00084747 native species and subspecies of fish in
pb4Doq_or88-00338-00084748-00085110 more than 60 general about 62% of the
pb4Doq_or88-00339-00085111-00085331 species and subspecies are endemic as
pb4Doq_or88-00340-00085332-00085536 are four to six general depending on
pb4Doq_or88-00341-00085537-00085825 taxonomic treatment the lake proper has
pb4Doq_or88-00342-00085826-00086342 115 natives including 73 endemics 63.5%
pb4Doq_or88-00343-00086343-00086592 among the more than 50 Jenner in the
pb4Doq_or88-00344-00086593-00086807 lake proper 3 to 4 are endemic and
pb4Doq_or88-00345-00086808-00087044 Nadder Ostrom caspia Mizen Chasseur
pb4Doq_or88-00346-00087045-00087261 often included in Ponte Kola and higher
pb4Doq_or88-00347-00087262-00087528 Kendall gobis by far the most numerous
pb4Doq_or88-00348-00087529-00087749 families in the lake proper are gobies
pb4Doq_or88-00349-00087750-00088047 35 species and subspecies sip Ronettes
pb4Doq_or88-00350-00088048-00088440 32 and clumpy 'it's 22 to particularly
pb4Doq_or88-00351-00088441-00088716 rich general osa with 18 endemic species
pb4Doq_or88-00352-00088717-00088931 subspecies and been thoughtfully swith
pb4Doq_or88-00353-00088932-00089259 16 endemic species other examples of
pb4Doq_or88-00354-00089260-00089486 endemics are four species of klepon Ella
pb4Doq_or88-00355-00089487-00089736 goby of vole Genesis 2 rootless 3
pb4Doq_or88-00356-00089737-00089942 Savannah Julia extended its lucic these
pb4Doq_or88-00357-00089943-00090144 two salmo to meso cobia
pb4Doq_or88-00358-00090145-00090426 and three neo gobies most non-endemic
pb4Doq_or88-00359-00090427-00090606 natives are either shared with the Black
pb4Doq_or88-00360-00090607-00090843 Sea basin or widespread paly Arctic
pb4Doq_or88-00361-00090844-00091065 species such as crucian carp Prussian
pb4Doq_or88-00362-00091066-00091317 carp common carp common bream common
pb4Doq_or88-00363-00091318-00091575 bleak ass white bream Sun bleak common
pb4Doq_or88-00364-00091576-00091851 days common Roach common Rudd European
pb4Doq_or88-00365-00091852-00092151 chum-sicle tench European weather fish
pb4Doq_or88-00366-00092152-00092361 wels catfish northern pike burbot
pb4Doq_or88-00367-00092362-00092664 European perch and Zander almost 30
pb4Doq_or88-00368-00092665-00092883 non-indigenous introduced fish species
pb4Doq_or88-00369-00092884-00093072 have been reported from the Caspian Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00370-00093073-00093267 but only a few have become established
pb4Doq_or88-00371-00093268-00093543 six sturgeon species the Russian bastard
pb4Doq_or88-00372-00093544-00093792 Persian sterlet star II and beluga are
pb4Doq_or88-00373-00093793-00094068 native to the Caspian Sea the last of
pb4Doq_or88-00374-00094069-00094248 these is arguably the largest freshwater
pb4Doq_or88-00375-00094249-00094548 fish in the world the sturgeon yield roe
pb4Doq_or88-00376-00094549-00094793 eggs that are processed into caviar
pb4Doq_or88-00377-00094794-00095040 overfishing has depleted a number of the
pb4Doq_or88-00378-00095041-00095274 historic fisheries in recent years
pb4Doq_or88-00379-00095275-00095466 overfishing has threatened the sturgeon
pb4Doq_or88-00380-00095467-00095607 population to the point that
pb4Doq_or88-00381-00095608-00095799 environmentalists advocate banning
pb4Doq_or88-00382-00095800-00095988 sturgeon fishing completely until the
pb4Doq_or88-00383-00095989-00096249 population recovers the high price of
pb4Doq_or88-00384-00096250-00096486 sturgeon caviar however allows fishermen
pb4Doq_or88-00385-00096487-00096669 to afford bribes to ensure the
pb4Doq_or88-00386-00096670-00096840 authorities look the other way making
pb4Doq_or88-00387-00096841-00096999 regulations in many locations
pb4Doq_or88-00388-00097000-00097299 ineffective caviar harvesting further
pb4Doq_or88-00389-00097300-00097494 endanger x' the fish stocks since it
pb4Doq_or88-00390-00097495-00097931 targets reproductive females
pb4Doq_or88-00391-00097932-00098425 topic Terrestrial
pb4Doq_or88-00392-00098426-00098769 topic
pb4Doq_or88-00393-00098770-00099207 topic flora
pb4Doq_or88-00394-00099208-00099543 topic many rare and endemic plant
pb4Doq_or88-00395-00099544-00099753 species of Russia are associated with
pb4Doq_or88-00396-00099754-00099950 the tidal areas of the Volga Delta and
pb4Doq_or88-00397-00099951-00100131 riparian forests of the summer River
pb4Doq_or88-00398-00100132-00100404 Delta the shoreline is also a unique
pb4Doq_or88-00399-00100405-00100601 refuge for plants adapted to the loose
pb4Doq_or88-00400-00100602-00100875 sands of the Central Asian deserts the
pb4Doq_or88-00401-00100876-00101106 principle limiting factors to successful
pb4Doq_or88-00402-00101107-00101286 establishment of plant species are
pb4Doq_or88-00403-00101287-00101496 hydrological imbalances within the
pb4Doq_or88-00404-00101497-00101697 surrounding Delta's water pollution and
pb4Doq_or88-00405-00101698-00101997 various land reclamation activities the
pb4Doq_or88-00406-00101998-00102194 water level change within the caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00407-00102195-00102378 sea as an indirect reason for which
pb4Doq_or88-00408-00102379-00102666 plants may not get established these
pb4Doq_or88-00409-00102667-00102888 affect aquatic plants of the volga delta
pb4Doq_or88-00410-00102889-00103113 such as Aldrovandi vesiculosus in the
pb4Doq_or88-00411-00103114-00103425 native nilam baucus pika about 11 plant
pb4Doq_or88-00412-00103426-00103599 species are found in the Sameer River
pb4Doq_or88-00413-00103600-00103779 Delta including the unique Lyanna
pb4Doq_or88-00414-00103780-00103953 forests that date back to the tertiary
pb4Doq_or88-00415-00103954-00104278 period
pb4Doq_or88-00416-00104279-00104718 topic fauna
pb4Doq_or88-00417-00104719-00105058 topic reptiles native to the region
pb4Doq_or88-00418-00105058-00105252 include spur-thighed tortoise testudo
pb4Doq_or88-00419-00105253-00105450 graeca buck stony and horse fields
pb4Doq_or88-00420-00105451-00105759 tortoise the Asiatic cheetah used to
pb4Doq_or88-00421-00105760-00105966 occur in the Transcaucasus and Central
pb4Doq_or88-00422-00105967-00106290 Asia but is today restricted to Iran the
pb4Doq_or88-00423-00106291-00106491 Asiatic Lion used to occur in the
pb4Doq_or88-00424-00106492-00106732 Transcaucasus Iran and possibly the
pb4Doq_or88-00425-00106733-00107044 southern part of Turkestan the Caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00426-00107045-00107269 tiger used to occur in northern Iran the
pb4Doq_or88-00427-00107270-00107577 Caucasus and Central Asia the Persian
pb4Doq_or88-00428-00107578-00107794 leopard is found in Iran the Caucasus
pb4Doq_or88-00429-00107795-00108183 and Central Asia
pb4Doq_or88-00430-00108184-00108686 topic history
pb4Doq_or88-00431-00108688-00109053 topic the earliest hominid remains found
pb4Doq_or88-00432-00109054-00109259 around the Caspian Sea are from Dmanisi
pb4Doq_or88-00433-00109260-00109488 dating back to around one point eight my
pb4Doq_or88-00434-00109489-00109707 heel did a number of skeletal remains of
pb4Doq_or88-00435-00109708-00110031 Homo erectus or Homo ergaster more later
pb4Doq_or88-00436-00110032-00110226 evidence for human occupation of the
pb4Doq_or88-00437-00110227-00110415 region came from a number of caves in
pb4Doq_or88-00438-00110416-00110646 Georgia and Azerbaijan such as qu daro
pb4Doq_or88-00439-00110647-00110919 and as it caves there is evidence for
pb4Doq_or88-00440-00110920-00111126 lower Paleolithic human occupations
pb4Doq_or88-00441-00111127-00111332 south of the Caspian from Western Albers
pb4Doq_or88-00442-00111333-00111725 these are ganj par and Durban cave sites
pb4Doq_or88-00443-00111726-00111945 Neanderthal remains also have been
pb4Doq_or88-00444-00111946-00112181 discovered at a cave site in Georgia
pb4Doq_or88-00445-00112182-00112404 discoveries in the who decayed and the
pb4Doq_or88-00446-00112405-00112605 adjacent comer been cave near the town
pb4Doq_or88-00447-00112606-00112800 of Bashar ms ander and south of the
pb4Doq_or88-00448-00112801-00113073 Caspian in Iran suggest human habitation
pb4Doq_or88-00449-00113074-00113289 of the area as early as eleven thousand
pb4Doq_or88-00450-00113290-00113510 years ago the Caspian area is rich in
pb4Doq_or88-00451-00113511-00113802 energy resources oil wells were being
pb4Doq_or88-00452-00113803-00113984 dug in the region as early as the 10th
pb4Doq_or88-00453-00113985-00114225 century to reach oil for use in everyday
pb4Doq_or88-00454-00114226-00114516 life both for medicinal purposes and for
pb4Doq_or88-00455-00114517-00114819 heating and lighting in homes by the
pb4Doq_or88-00456-00114820-00115080 16th century Europeans were aware of the
pb4Doq_or88-00457-00115081-00115278 rich oil and gas deposits around the
pb4Doq_or88-00458-00115279-00115581 area English traders Thomas Bannister
pb4Doq_or88-00459-00115582-00115779 and Jeffrey Duquette described the area
pb4Doq_or88-00460-00115780-00116049 around Baku as a strange thing to behold
pb4Doq_or88-00461-00116050-00116229 for their issues out of the ground a
pb4Doq_or88-00462-00116230-00116475 marvelous quantity of oil which serveth
pb4Doq_or88-00463-00116476-00116675 all the country to burn in their houses
pb4Doq_or88-00464-00116676-00116982 this oil is black and is called naft
pb4Doq_or88-00465-00116983-00117243 there is also by the town of Baku
pb4Doq_or88-00466-00117244-00117498 another kind of oil which is white and
pb4Doq_or88-00467-00117499-00117635 very precious ie
pb4Doq_or88-00468-00117636-00117999 petroleum in the 18th century during the
pb4Doq_or88-00469-00118000-00118206 rule of Peter the first the great Fedor
pb4Doq_or88-00470-00118207-00118436 Ice Simonov hydrographer and pioneering
pb4Doq_or88-00471-00118438-00118653 Explorer of the Caspian Sea charted the
pb4Doq_or88-00472-00118654-00118877 until then little-known body of water
pb4Doq_or88-00473-00118878-00119142 Simonov drew a set of four maps and
pb4Doq_or88-00474-00119143-00119367 wrote pilot of the Caspian Sea the first
pb4Doq_or88-00475-00119368-00119577 report and modern maps of the Caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00476-00119578-00119790 that were published in 1720 by the
pb4Doq_or88-00477-00119791-00120018 Russian Academy of Sciences today oil
pb4Doq_or88-00478-00120019-00120252 and gas platforms abound along the edges
pb4Doq_or88-00479-00120253-00120583 of the sea
pb4Doq_or88-00480-00120584-00121054 topic cities
pb4Doq_or88-00481-00121055-00121400 topic
pb4Doq_or88-00482-00121401-00121842 topic ancient
pb4Doq_or88-00483-00121843-00122202 topic Hyrcania ancient state in the
pb4Doq_or88-00484-00122203-00122526 north of Iran and Zahle gillan province
pb4Doq_or88-00485-00122527-00122733 of Iran Ostara
pb4Doq_or88-00486-00122733-00123030 Gillon province of Iran ass terribad
pb4Doq_or88-00487-00123031-00123330 golestan province of Iran tamesha
pb4Doq_or88-00488-00123331-00123658 golestan province of Iran a-t-il
pb4Doq_or88-00489-00123659-00124196 Khazaria cos Aaron Baku Azerbaijan
pb4Doq_or88-00490-00124197-00124445 Durbin Dagestan Russia
pb4Doq_or88-00491-00124446-00125027 Jassa toxin modern-day Astrakhan
pb4Doq_or88-00492-00125028-00125477 topic modern
pb4Doq_or88-00493-00125478-00125867 topic
pb4Doq_or88-00494-00125868-00126411 topic oil extraction
pb4Doq_or88-00495-00126413-00126757 topic the world's first offshore wells
pb4Doq_or88-00496-00126758-00126994 in machine drilled wells were made in BB
pb4Doq_or88-00497-00126995-00127452 hey bat bay near baku azerbaijan in 1873
pb4Doq_or88-00498-00127453-00127699 exploration and development of oil began
pb4Doq_or88-00499-00127700-00127902 in some of the largest fields known to
pb4Doq_or88-00500-00127903-00128071 exist in the world at that time on the
pb4Doq_or88-00501-00128072-00128259 app sharing Peninsula near the villages
pb4Doq_or88-00502-00128260-00128500 of bala connelly sue bunchy ramana and
pb4Doq_or88-00503-00128501-00128776 BB hey bat total recoverable reserves
pb4Doq_or88-00504-00128777-00129165 were more than 500 million tons by 1900
pb4Doq_or88-00505-00129166-00129496 Baku had more than 3000 oil wells 2,000
pb4Doq_or88-00506-00129497-00129666 of which were producing at industrial
pb4Doq_or88-00507-00129667-00129913 levels by the end of the 19th century
pb4Doq_or88-00508-00129914-00130203 Baku became known as the black gold
pb4Doq_or88-00509-00130204-00130471 capital and many skilled workers and
pb4Doq_or88-00510-00130472-00130750 specialists flocked to the city by the
pb4Doq_or88-00511-00130751-00130993 beginning of the 20th century Baku was
pb4Doq_or88-00512-00130994-00131212 the center of international oil industry
pb4Doq_or88-00513-00131213-00131541 in 1920 when the Bolsheviks captured
pb4Doq_or88-00514-00131542-00131714 Azerbaijan all private property
pb4Doq_or88-00515-00131715-00131974 including oil wells and factories was
pb4Doq_or88-00516-00131975-00132259 confiscated afterwards the Republic's
pb4Doq_or88-00517-00132260-00132441 entire oil industry came under the
pb4Doq_or88-00518-00132442-00132786 control of the Soviet Union by 1941
pb4Doq_or88-00519-00132787-00133128 Azerbaijan was producing a record 20 3.5
pb4Doq_or88-00520-00133129-00133336 million tons of oil per year and the
pb4Doq_or88-00521-00133337-00133612 Baku region supplied nearly 72 percent
pb4Doq_or88-00522-00133613-00133798 of all oil extracted in the entire
pb4Doq_or88-00523-00133799-00134154 Soviet Union in 1994 the contract of the
pb4Doq_or88-00524-00134155-00134403 century was signed signaling the start
pb4Doq_or88-00525-00134404-00134628 of major international development of
pb4Doq_or88-00526-00134629-00134962 the Baku oil fields the Baku Tbilisi say
pb4Doq_or88-00527-00134963-00135196 hen pipeline a major pipeline allowing
pb4Doq_or88-00528-00135197-00135406 Azerbaijan oil to flow straight to the
pb4Doq_or88-00529-00135407-00135586 Turkish Mediterranean port of Ceyhan
pb4Doq_or88-00530-00135587-00136093 opened in 2006
pb4Doq_or88-00531-00136094-00136579 topic political issues
pb4Doq_or88-00532-00136580-00136900 topic many of the islands along the
pb4Doq_or88-00533-00136901-00137092 Azerbaijani coast continue to hold
pb4Doq_or88-00534-00137093-00137278 significant geopolitical and economic
pb4Doq_or88-00535-00137279-00137509 importance because of the potential oil
pb4Doq_or88-00536-00137510-00137845 reserves found nearby bulla island peril
pb4Doq_or88-00537-00137846-00138073 aji island and argon which is still used
pb4Doq_or88-00538-00138074-00138262 as a former Soviet base and as the
pb4Doq_or88-00539-00138263-00138484 largest island in the Baku Bay all hold
pb4Doq_or88-00540-00138485-00138805 oil reserves the collapse of the Soviet
pb4Doq_or88-00541-00138806-00138985 Union and subsequent opening of the
pb4Doq_or88-00542-00138986-00139198 region has led to an intense investment
pb4Doq_or88-00543-00139199-00139333 and development scramble by
pb4Doq_or88-00544-00139334-00139693 international oil companies in 1998
pb4Doq_or88-00545-00139694-00139909 Dick Cheney commented that I can't think
pb4Doq_or88-00546-00139910-00140098 of a time when we've had a region
pb4Doq_or88-00547-00140099-00140281 emerges suddenly to become as
pb4Doq_or88-00548-00140282-00140533 strategically significant as the Caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00549-00140534-00140842 a key problem to further development in
pb4Doq_or88-00550-00140843-00141040 the region as the status of the Caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00551-00141041-00141214 Sea and the establishment of the water
pb4Doq_or88-00552-00141215-00141382 boundaries among the five littoral
pb4Doq_or88-00553-00141383-00141631 states the current disputes along
pb4Doq_or88-00554-00141632-00141823 Azerbaijan's maritime borders with
pb4Doq_or88-00555-00141824-00142045 Turkmenistan and Iran could potentially
pb4Doq_or88-00556-00142046-00142345 affect future development plans much
pb4Doq_or88-00557-00142346-00142564 controversy currently exists over the
pb4Doq_or88-00558-00142565-00142777 proposed trans-caspian oil and gas
pb4Doq_or88-00559-00142778-00143050 pipelines these projects would allow
pb4Doq_or88-00560-00143051-00143287 Western markets easier access to kazakh
pb4Doq_or88-00561-00143288-00143482 island potentially lose Becht and
pb4Doq_or88-00562-00143483-00143725 Turkmen gas as well Russia officially
pb4Doq_or88-00563-00143726-00143977 opposes the project on environmental
pb4Doq_or88-00564-00143978-00144244 grounds however analysts note that the
pb4Doq_or88-00565-00144245-00144391 pipeline's would bypass Russia
pb4Doq_or88-00566-00144392-00144604 completely thereby denying the country
pb4Doq_or88-00567-00144605-00144796 valuable transit fees as well as
pb4Doq_or88-00568-00144797-00144958 destroying its current monopoly on
pb4Doq_or88-00569-00144959-00145192 westward bound hydrocarbon exports from
pb4Doq_or88-00570-00145193-00145486 the region recently both Kazakhstan and
pb4Doq_or88-00571-00145487-00145657 Turkmenistan have expressed their
pb4Doq_or88-00572-00145658-00145816 support for the trans-caspian pipeline
pb4Doq_or88-00573-00145817-00146089 u.s. diplomatic cables disclosed by
pb4Doq_or88-00574-00146090-00146323 WikiLeaks revealed that BP covered up a
pb4Doq_or88-00575-00146324-00146497 gas leak and blowout incident in
pb4Doq_or88-00576-00146498-00146776 September 2008 at an operating gas field
pb4Doq_or88-00577-00146777-00146995 in the Azzurri chirag Ganassi area of
pb4Doq_or88-00578-00146996-00147470 the Azerbaijan Caspian Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00579-00147471-00148049 topic territorial status
pb4Doq_or88-00580-00148050-00148496 topic as of 2000 nego CA shion's related
pb4Doq_or88-00581-00148497-00148670 to the demarcation of the Caspian Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00582-00148671-00148852 had been going on for nearly a decade
pb4Doq_or88-00583-00148853-00149065 among the states bordering the Caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00584-00149066-00149239 Azerbaijan Russia Kazakhstan
pb4Doq_or88-00585-00149240-00149384 Turkmenistan
pb4Doq_or88-00586-00149385-00149657 and Iran the status of the Caspian Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00587-00149658-00149918 is the key problem access to mineral
pb4Doq_or88-00588-00149919-00150197 resources oil and natural gas access for
pb4Doq_or88-00589-00150198-00150389 fishing and access to international
pb4Doq_or88-00590-00150390-00150584 waters through Russia's Volga River and
pb4Doq_or88-00591-00150585-00150734 the canals connecting it to the Black
pb4Doq_or88-00592-00150735-00150959 Sea and Baltic Sea all depend upon the
pb4Doq_or88-00593-00150960-00151259 outcomes of negotiations access to the
pb4Doq_or88-00594-00151260-00151465 Volga River is particularly important
pb4Doq_or88-00595-00151466-00151664 for the landlocked states of Azerbaijan
pb4Doq_or88-00596-00151665-00151949 Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan this
pb4Doq_or88-00597-00151950-00152135 concerns Russia because the potential
pb4Doq_or88-00598-00152136-00152333 traffic would use its inland waterways
pb4Doq_or88-00599-00152334-00152629 if a body of water is labeled as a sea
pb4Doq_or88-00600-00152630-00152798 then there would be some precedents and
pb4Doq_or88-00601-00152799-00152984 international treaties obliging the
pb4Doq_or88-00602-00152985-00153170 granting of access permits to foreign
pb4Doq_or88-00603-00153171-00153470 vessels if a body of water is labeled
pb4Doq_or88-00604-00153471-00153656 merely as a lake then there are no such
pb4Doq_or88-00605-00153657-00153950 obligations environmental issues are
pb4Doq_or88-00606-00153951-00154148 also somewhat connected to the status
pb4Doq_or88-00607-00154149-00154463 and borders issue all five Caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00608-00154464-00154685 littoral states maintain naval forces on
pb4Doq_or88-00609-00154686-00154868 the sea according to a treaty signed
pb4Doq_or88-00610-00154869-00155087 between Iran and the Soviet Union the
pb4Doq_or88-00611-00155088-00155300 Caspian Sea is technically a lake and
pb4Doq_or88-00612-00155301-00155525 was divided into two sectors Iranian and
pb4Doq_or88-00613-00155526-00155720 Soviet but the resources then mainly
pb4Doq_or88-00614-00155721-00155984 fish were commonly shared the line
pb4Doq_or88-00615-00155985-00156173 between the two sectors was considered
pb4Doq_or88-00616-00156174-00156379 an international border in a common lake
pb4Doq_or88-00617-00156380-00156671 like Lake Albert the Soviet sector was
pb4Doq_or88-00618-00156672-00156848 subdivided into the four littoral
pb4Doq_or88-00619-00156849-00157153 republics administrative sectors Russia
pb4Doq_or88-00620-00157154-00157412 Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan have bilateral
pb4Doq_or88-00621-00157413-00157595 agreements with each other based on
pb4Doq_or88-00622-00157596-00157859 median lines because of their use by the
pb4Doq_or88-00623-00157860-00158065 three nations median lines seem to be
pb4Doq_or88-00624-00158066-00158249 the most likely method of delineating
pb4Doq_or88-00625-00158250-00158549 territory and future agreements however
pb4Doq_or88-00626-00158550-00158801 Iran insists on a single multilateral
pb4Doq_or88-00627-00158802-00158984 agreement between the five nations as
pb4Doq_or88-00628-00158985-00159173 this is the only way for it to achieve a
pb4Doq_or88-00629-00159174-00159490 one-fifth share of the sea Azerbaijan is
pb4Doq_or88-00630-00159491-00159715 at odds with Iran over some oil fields
pb4Doq_or88-00631-00159716-00159977 that both states claim occasionally
pb4Doq_or88-00632-00159978-00160189 Iranian patrol boats have fired at
pb4Doq_or88-00633-00160190-00160370 vessels sent by Azerbaijan for
pb4Doq_or88-00634-00160371-00160552 exploration into the disputed region
pb4Doq_or88-00635-00160553-00160777 there are similar tensions between
pb4Doq_or88-00636-00160778-00161024 Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan the latter
pb4Doq_or88-00637-00161025-00161213 claims that the former has pumped more
pb4Doq_or88-00638-00161214-00161425 oil than agreed from a field recognized
pb4Doq_or88-00639-00161426-00161744 by both parties is shared the Caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00640-00161745-00162004 littoral states meeting in 2007 signed
pb4Doq_or88-00641-00162005-00162184 an agreement that bars any ship not
pb4Doq_or88-00642-00162185-00162379 flying the national flag of a literal
pb4Doq_or88-00643-00162380-00162604 state from entering the sea negotiations
pb4Doq_or88-00644-00162605-00162782 among the five littoral states have been
pb4Doq_or88-00645-00162783-00162997 ongoing the midst abs and flows for the
pb4Doq_or88-00646-00162998-00163169 past 20 years with some degree of
pb4Doq_or88-00647-00163170-00163331 progress being made at the fourth
pb4Doq_or88-00648-00163332-00163884 Caspian Summit held in Astrakhan in 2014
pb4Doq_or88-00649-00163885-00164404 topic Caspian summit
pb4Doq_or88-00650-00164405-00164746 topic the Caspian summit as a head of
pb4Doq_or88-00651-00164747-00164935 state level meeting of the five littoral
pb4Doq_or88-00652-00164936-00165265 States v Caspian summit took place on
pb4Doq_or88-00653-00165266-00165547 August 12th 2018 in the Kazakh port city
pb4Doq_or88-00654-00165548-00165748 of Aktau the five leaders signed the
pb4Doq_or88-00655-00165749-00165928 Convention on the legal status of the
pb4Doq_or88-00656-00165929-00166356 Caspian Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00657-00166357-00166590 topic convention on the legal status of
pb4Doq_or88-00658-00166591-00167007 the Caspian Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00659-00167008-00167343 topic the five literal states build
pb4Doq_or88-00660-00167344-00167553 consensus on legally-binding governance
pb4Doq_or88-00661-00167554-00167730 of the caspian sea through special
pb4Doq_or88-00662-00167731-00167895 working groups of a convention on the
pb4Doq_or88-00663-00167896-00168113 legal status of the Caspian Sea in
pb4Doq_or88-00664-00168114-00168462 advance of a Caspian Summit 51st special
pb4Doq_or88-00665-00168463-00168678 working group took place in Astana in
pb4Doq_or88-00666-00168679-00168915 May 20 18 and found consensus on
pb4Doq_or88-00667-00168916-00169095 multiple agreements agreements on
pb4Doq_or88-00668-00169096-00169302 cooperation in the field of transport
pb4Doq_or88-00669-00169303-00169457 trade and economic cooperation
pb4Doq_or88-00670-00169458-00169662 prevention of incidents on the sea
pb4Doq_or88-00671-00169663-00169872 combating terrorism fighting against
pb4Doq_or88-00672-00169873-00170031 organized crime and border security
pb4Doq_or88-00673-00170032-00170283 cooperation the convention grants
pb4Doq_or88-00674-00170284-00170484 jurisdiction over 15 miles of
pb4Doq_or88-00675-00170485-00170676 territorial waters to each neighboring
pb4Doq_or88-00676-00170677-00170886 country plus additional 10 miles of
pb4Doq_or88-00677-00170887-00171081 exclusive fishing rights on the surface
pb4Doq_or88-00678-00171082-00171260 while the rest is international waters
pb4Doq_or88-00679-00171261-00171540 the seabed on the other hand remains
pb4Doq_or88-00680-00171541-00171732 undefined subject to bilateral
pb4Doq_or88-00681-00171733-00171999 agreements between countries thus the
pb4Doq_or88-00682-00172000-00172212 Caspian Sea is legally neither fully of
pb4Doq_or88-00683-00172213-00172578 sea nor a lake
pb4Doq_or88-00684-00172579-00173124 topic cross-border inflow
pb4Doq_or88-00685-00173125-00173535 topic um ECE recognizes several rivers
pb4Doq_or88-00686-00173536-00173741 that cross international borders which
pb4Doq_or88-00687-00173742-00173921 flow into the Caspian Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00688-00173922-00174346 these are
pb4Doq_or88-00689-00174347-00174882 topic transportation
pb4Doq_or88-00690-00174883-00175227 topic although the Caspian Sea is in
pb4Doq_or88-00691-00175228-00175470 Doric its main tributary the Volga is
pb4Doq_or88-00692-00175471-00175668 connected by important shipping canals
pb4Doq_or88-00693-00175669-00175848 with the Don River and thus the Black
pb4Doq_or88-00694-00175849-00176052 Sea and with the Baltic Sea with branch
pb4Doq_or88-00695-00176053-00176235 canals to northern Davina and to the
pb4Doq_or88-00696-00176236-00176577 white see another Caspian tributary the
pb4Doq_or88-00697-00176578-00176808 kuma river is connected by an irrigation
pb4Doq_or88-00698-00176809-00177032 canal with the dawn basin as well
pb4Doq_or88-00699-00177033-00177279 several scheduled ferry services
pb4Doq_or88-00700-00177280-00177492 including train ferries operate on the
pb4Doq_or88-00701-00177493-00177792 Caspian Sea including a line between
pb4Doq_or88-00702-00177793-00178032 Turkmen baazi Turkmenistan formerly
pb4Doq_or88-00703-00178033-00178362 krasna vod's and Baku a ferry line
pb4Doq_or88-00704-00178363-00178773 between Baku and Aktau several ferry
pb4Doq_or88-00705-00178774-00178980 lines between cities in Iran and Russia
pb4Doq_or88-00706-00178981-00179208 the ferries are mostly used for cargo
pb4Doq_or88-00707-00179209-00179448 only the Baku Aktau and Baku Turkmen
pb4Doq_or88-00708-00179449-00179965 bazi routes accept passengers
pb4Doq_or88-00709-00179966-00180394 topic canal's
pb4Doq_or88-00710-00180395-00180787 topic as an indirect basin the Caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00711-00180788-00181003 Sea basin has no natural connection with
pb4Doq_or88-00712-00181004-00181234 the ocean since the medieval period
pb4Doq_or88-00713-00181235-00181477 traders reached the Caspian via a number
pb4Doq_or88-00714-00181478-00181672 of portage that connected the Volga and
pb4Doq_or88-00715-00181673-00181891 its tributaries with the Don River which
pb4Doq_or88-00716-00181892-00182107 flows into the Sea of Azov and various
pb4Doq_or88-00717-00182108-00182313 rivers that flow into the Baltic Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00718-00182314-00182557 primitive canals connecting the Volga
pb4Doq_or88-00719-00182558-00182698 Basin with the Baltic have been
pb4Doq_or88-00720-00182699-00182905 constructed as early as the early 18th
pb4Doq_or88-00721-00182906-00183190 century since then a number of canal
pb4Doq_or88-00722-00183191-00183478 projects have been completed the to
pb4Doq_or88-00723-00183479-00183670 modern canal systems that connect the
pb4Doq_or88-00724-00183671-00183862 Volga Basin and hence the Caspian Sea
pb4Doq_or88-00725-00183863-00184066 with the ocean or the volga baltic
pb4Doq_or88-00726-00184067-00184363 waterway in the Volga Donne canal the
pb4Doq_or88-00727-00184364-00184564 proposed Paciorek amma canal was a
pb4Doq_or88-00728-00184565-00184738 project that was widely discussed
pb4Doq_or88-00729-00184739-00185119 between the 1930s and 1980s shipping was
pb4Doq_or88-00730-00185120-00185380 a secondary consideration its main goal
pb4Doq_or88-00731-00185381-00185572 was to redirect some of the water of the
pb4Doq_or88-00732-00185573-00185752 Pachauri River which flows into the
pb4Doq_or88-00733-00185753-00185956 Arctic Ocean via the Kama River into the
pb4Doq_or88-00734-00185957-00186250 Volga the goals were both irrigation and
pb4Doq_or88-00735-00186251-00186454 the stabilization of the water level in
pb4Doq_or88-00736-00186455-00186601 the Caspian which was thought to be
pb4Doq_or88-00737-00186602-00186796 falling dangerously fast at the time
pb4Doq_or88-00738-00186797-00187132 during 1971 some peaceful nuclear
pb4Doq_or88-00739-00187133-00187324 construction experiments were carried
pb4Doq_or88-00740-00187325-00187669 out in the region by the USSR in June
pb4Doq_or88-00741-00187670-00187939 2007 in order to boost his oil-rich
pb4Doq_or88-00742-00187940-00188344 country s access to markets Kazakhstan s
pb4Doq_or88-00743-00188345-00188587 President Nursultan Nazarbayev proposed
pb4Doq_or88-00744-00188588-00188932 a 700 kilometer 435 mile link between
pb4Doq_or88-00745-00188933-00189232 the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea it is
pb4Doq_or88-00746-00189233-00189523 hoped that the Eurasia Canal managed
pb4Doq_or88-00747-00189524-00189730 Ship Canal would transform landlocked
pb4Doq_or88-00748-00189731-00189916 Kazakhstan and other Central Asian
pb4Doq_or88-00749-00189917-00190165 countries into maritime States enabling
pb4Doq_or88-00750-00190166-00190333 them to significantly increase trade
pb4Doq_or88-00751-00190334-00190582 volume although the canal would traverse
pb4Doq_or88-00752-00190583-00190777 Russian territory it would benefit
pb4Doq_or88-00753-00190778-00190999 Kazakhstan through its Caspian Sea ports
pb4Doq_or88-00754-00191000-00191281 the most likely route for the canal the
pb4Doq_or88-00755-00191282-00191434 officials at the Committee on water
pb4Doq_or88-00756-00191435-00191668 resources at Kazakhstan Agriculture
pb4Doq_or88-00757-00191669-00191860 Ministry say would follow the cuma
pb4Doq_or88-00758-00191861-00192040 manage depression we're currently a
pb4Doq_or88-00759-00192041-00192223 chain of rivers and lakes has already
pb4Doq_or88-00760-00192224-00192439 connected by an irrigation canal Cooma
pb4Doq_or88-00761-00192440-00192721 managed canal upgrading the Volga dong
pb4Doq_or88-00762-00192722-00193213 canal would be another option
pb4Doq_or88-00763-00193214-00193736 topic C also
pb4Doq_or88-00764-00193737-00194127 topic
pb4Doq_or88-00765-00194128-00194644 topic references
pb4Doq_or88-00766-00194645-00195032 topic
pb4Doq_or88-00767-00195033-00195571 topic external links
pb4Doq_or88-00768-00195572-00196053 topic names of the Caspian Sea Caspian
pb4Doq_or88-00769-00196054-00196411 Sea region target Caspian Sea oil John
pb4Doq_or88-00770-00196412-00196810 Rob 2004 dating caspian sea level
pb4Doq_or88-00771-00196811-00197277 changes caspian sea is dying high KSS
pb4Doq_or88-00772-00197278-00197463 International Institute of hazhar
pb4Doq_or88-00773-00197464-00197809 Caspian Sea studies
pi75Vf5FnuY-00000-00000053-00000335 weather modification as the act of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00001-00000336-00000583 intentionally manipulating or altering
pi75Vf5FnuY-00002-00000584-00000917 the weather the most common form of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00003-00000918-00001166 weather modification as cloud seeding
pi75Vf5FnuY-00004-00001167-00001523 which increases rain or snow usually for
pi75Vf5FnuY-00005-00001524-00001735 the purpose of increasing the local
pi75Vf5FnuY-00006-00001736-00002114 water supply weather modification can
pi75Vf5FnuY-00007-00002115-00002300 also have the goal of preventing
pi75Vf5FnuY-00008-00002301-00002558 damaging weather such as hail or
pi75Vf5FnuY-00009-00002559-00002789 hurricanes from occurring or of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00010-00002790-00003034 provoking damaging weather against the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00011-00003035-00003293 enemy as a tactic of military or
pi75Vf5FnuY-00012-00003294-00003598 economic warfare like Operation Popeye
pi75Vf5FnuY-00013-00003599-00003868 where clouds were seated to prolong the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00014-00003869-00004286 monsoon in Vietnam weather modification
pi75Vf5FnuY-00015-00004287-00004579 in warfare has been banned by the United
pi75Vf5FnuY-00016-00004580-00004879 Nations under environmental modification
pi75Vf5FnuY-00017-00004880-00005502 Convention
pi75Vf5FnuY-00018-00005503-00006044 topic history
pi75Vf5FnuY-00019-00006045-00006365 a popular belief in Northern Europe that
pi75Vf5FnuY-00020-00006366-00006598 shooting prevents hail caused many
pi75Vf5FnuY-00021-00006600-00006878 agricultural towns to fire cannons
pi75Vf5FnuY-00022-00006879-00007244 without ammunition veterans of the Seven
pi75Vf5FnuY-00023-00007245-00007541 Years War Napoleonic Wars and the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00024-00007542-00007814 American Civil War reported that rain
pi75Vf5FnuY-00025-00007815-00008168 fell after every large battle after
pi75Vf5FnuY-00026-00008169-00008411 their stories were collected in war and
pi75Vf5FnuY-00027-00008412-00008681 weather the United States Department of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00028-00008682-00008990 war in the late 19th century purchased
pi75Vf5FnuY-00029-00008991-00009251 nine thousand dollars of gunpowder and
pi75Vf5FnuY-00030-00009252-00009638 explosives to detonate them in Texas the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00031-00009639-00009946 results of the test supervised by Robert
pi75Vf5FnuY-00032-00009947-00010166 dyhrenfurth were inconclusive
pi75Vf5FnuY-00033-00010167-00010415 wilhelm reich performed cloud busting
pi75Vf5FnuY-00034-00010416-00010763 experiments in the 1950s the results of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00035-00010764-00010994 which are controversial and not widely
pi75Vf5FnuY-00036-00010995-00011360 accepted by mainstream science
pi75Vf5FnuY-00037-00011361-00011759 in January 2011 several newspapers and
pi75Vf5FnuY-00038-00011760-00012080 magazines including the UK Sunday Times
pi75Vf5FnuY-00039-00012081-00012335 and Arabian Business reported that
pi75Vf5FnuY-00040-00012336-00012563 scientists backed by the government of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00041-00012564-00012854 Abu Dhabi the capital of the United Arab
pi75Vf5FnuY-00042-00012855-00013172 Emirates had created over 50 artificial
pi75Vf5FnuY-00043-00013172-00013505 rainstorms between July and August 2010
pi75Vf5FnuY-00044-00013506-00013808 near Al Ain a city which lies close to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00045-00013809-00014075 the country's border with Oman and as
pi75Vf5FnuY-00046-00014076-00014357 the second-largest city in the abu dhabi
pi75Vf5FnuY-00047-00014358-00014722 emirate the artificial rain storms were
pi75Vf5FnuY-00048-00014724-00015013 said to have sometimes caused hail gales
pi75Vf5FnuY-00049-00015015-00015275 and thunderstorms baffling local
pi75Vf5FnuY-00050-00015276-00015363 residents
pi75Vf5FnuY-00051-00015365-00015746 the scientists reportedly used ionisers
pi75Vf5FnuY-00052-00015747-00015968 to create the rain storms and although
pi75Vf5FnuY-00053-00015969-00016208 the results are disputed the large
pi75Vf5FnuY-00054-00016209-00016451 number of times it is recorded to have
pi75Vf5FnuY-00055-00016452-00016703 rained right after the ionisers were
pi75Vf5FnuY-00056-00016704-00017000 switched on during a usually dry season
pi75Vf5FnuY-00057-00017001-00017258 as encouraging to those who support the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00058-00017259-00017869 experiment
pi75Vf5FnuY-00059-00017870-00018472 topic cloud-seeding
pi75Vf5FnuY-00060-00018473-00018772 cloud seeding is a common technique to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00061-00018773-00019075 enhance precipitation cloud seeding
pi75Vf5FnuY-00062-00019076-00019380 entails spraying small particles such as
pi75Vf5FnuY-00063-00019381-00019693 silver iodide onto clouds to affect
pi75Vf5FnuY-00064-00019694-00019944 their development usually with the goal
pi75Vf5FnuY-00065-00019945-00020280 of increasing precipitation cloud
pi75Vf5FnuY-00066-00020281-00020542 seeding only works to the extent that
pi75Vf5FnuY-00067-00020543-00020824 there is already water vapor present in
pi75Vf5FnuY-00068-00020825-00021163 the air critics generally contend that
pi75Vf5FnuY-00069-00021164-00021442 claimed successes occur in conditions
pi75Vf5FnuY-00070-00021443-00021700 which were going to lead to rain anyway
pi75Vf5FnuY-00071-00021701-00022090 it is used in a variety of drought prone
pi75Vf5FnuY-00072-00022091-00022353 countries including the United States
pi75Vf5FnuY-00073-00022354-00022669 the People's Republic of China India and
pi75Vf5FnuY-00074-00022670-00023011 the Russian Federation in the People's
pi75Vf5FnuY-00075-00023012-00023255 Republic of China there is a perceived
pi75Vf5FnuY-00076-00023256-00023560 dependency upon it in dry regions and
pi75Vf5FnuY-00077-00023561-00023824 there is a strong suspicion it is used
pi75Vf5FnuY-00078-00023825-00024247 to wash the air in dry and heavily
pi75Vf5FnuY-00079-00024248-00024569 polluted places such as Beijing in
pi75Vf5FnuY-00080-00024570-00024822 mountainous areas of the United States
pi75Vf5FnuY-00081-00024823-00025117 such as the Rocky Mountains and Sierra
pi75Vf5FnuY-00082-00025118-00025396 Nevada cloud seeding has been employed
pi75Vf5FnuY-00083-00025397-00026143 since the 1950s
pi75Vf5FnuY-00084-00026144-00026764 topic storm prevention
pi75Vf5FnuY-00085-00026766-00027056 project Stormfury was an attempt to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00086-00027057-00027326 weaken tropical cyclones by flying
pi75Vf5FnuY-00087-00027327-00027589 aircraft into storms and seeding the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00088-00027591-00027992 eyewall with silver iodide the project
pi75Vf5FnuY-00089-00027993-00028208 was run by the United States government
pi75Vf5FnuY-00090-00028208-00028805 from 1962 to 1983 a similar project
pi75Vf5FnuY-00091-00028806-00029192 using suit was run in 1958 with
pi75Vf5FnuY-00092-00029193-00029564 inconclusive results various methods
pi75Vf5FnuY-00093-00029564-00029813 have been proposed to reduce the harmful
pi75Vf5FnuY-00094-00029814-00030242 effects of hurricanes Moshe Alomar o of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00095-00030243-00030433 the Massachusetts Institute of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00096-00030435-00030722 Technology proposed using barges with
pi75Vf5FnuY-00097-00030723-00030964 upward-pointing jet engines to trigger
pi75Vf5FnuY-00098-00030966-00031205 smaller storms to disrupt the progress
pi75Vf5FnuY-00099-00031206-00031483 of an incoming hurricane critics doubt
pi75Vf5FnuY-00100-00031485-00031697 the Jets would be powerful enough to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00101-00031698-00032000 make any noticeable difference Alexandre
pi75Vf5FnuY-00102-00032001-00032267 chorin of the University of California
pi75Vf5FnuY-00103-00032268-00032567 Berkeley proposed dropping large amounts
pi75Vf5FnuY-00104-00032568-00032819 of environmentally-friendly oils on the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00105-00032820-00033229 sea surface to prevent droplet formation
pi75Vf5FnuY-00106-00033230-00033598 experiments by Kerry Emanuel of MIT in
pi75Vf5FnuY-00107-00033599-00033923 2002 suggested that hurricane-force
pi75Vf5FnuY-00108-00033924-00034205 winds would disrupt the oil slick making
pi75Vf5FnuY-00109-00034206-00034589 it ineffective other scientists disputed
pi75Vf5FnuY-00110-00034590-00034813 the factual basis of the theoretical
pi75Vf5FnuY-00111-00034814-00035111 mechanism assumed by this approach the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00112-00035112-00035411 Florida company Dino met and its CEO
pi75Vf5FnuY-00113-00035412-00035723 Peter cordon II proposed the use of a
pi75Vf5FnuY-00114-00035724-00035954 patented product it developed called
pi75Vf5FnuY-00115-00035955-00036260 Dino gel to reduce the strength of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00116-00036261-00036644 hurricanes the substance as a polymer in
pi75Vf5FnuY-00117-00036645-00036890 powder form a poly acrylic acid
pi75Vf5FnuY-00118-00036891-00037142 derivative which reportedly has the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00119-00037143-00037550 ability to absorb 1,500 times its own
pi75Vf5FnuY-00120-00037551-00037898 weight in water the theory is that the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00121-00037899-00038171 polymer is dropped into clouds to remove
pi75Vf5FnuY-00122-00038172-00038411 their moisture and force the storm to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00123-00038412-00038642 use more energy to move the heavier
pi75Vf5FnuY-00124-00038643-00038918 water drops thus helping to dissipate
pi75Vf5FnuY-00125-00038919-00039308 the storm when the gel reaches the ocean
pi75Vf5FnuY-00126-00039309-00039649 surface it is reportedly dissolved
pi75Vf5FnuY-00127-00039650-00039898 Peter cordon II teamed up with mark
pi75Vf5FnuY-00128-00039899-00040156 Daniels and Victor Miller the owners of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00129-00040157-00040438 a government contracting aviation firm
pi75Vf5FnuY-00130-00040439-00040689 aero group which operated ex military
pi75Vf5FnuY-00131-00040690-00041041 aircraft commercially using a
pi75Vf5FnuY-00132-00041042-00041410 high-altitude b57 bomber aero group
pi75Vf5FnuY-00133-00041411-00041704 tested the substance dropping 9,000
pi75Vf5FnuY-00134-00041705-00042082 pounds from the b57 aircrafts large bomb
pi75Vf5FnuY-00135-00042083-00042307 bay dispersing it into a large
pi75Vf5FnuY-00136-00042308-00042562 thunderstorm cell just off the east
pi75Vf5FnuY-00137-00042563-00042883 coast of Florida the tests were
pi75Vf5FnuY-00138-00042884-00043096 documented on film and made
pi75Vf5FnuY-00139-00043097-00043363 international news showing the storms
pi75Vf5FnuY-00140-00043364-00043627 were successfully removed on monitored
pi75Vf5FnuY-00141-00043628-00044131 Doppler radar in 2003 the program was
pi75Vf5FnuY-00142-00044132-00044344 shut down because of political pressure
pi75Vf5FnuY-00143-00044345-00044725 through NOAA numerical simulations
pi75Vf5FnuY-00144-00044726-00044998 performed by NOAA showed however that it
pi75Vf5FnuY-00145-00044999-00045240 would not be a practical solution for
pi75Vf5FnuY-00146-00045241-00045465 large systems like a tropical cyclone
pi75Vf5FnuY-00147-00045466-00045754 hail cannons have been used by some
pi75Vf5FnuY-00148-00045755-00046024 farmers since the 19th century in an
pi75Vf5FnuY-00149-00046025-00046309 attempt to ward off hail but there is no
pi75Vf5FnuY-00150-00046310-00046606 reliable scientific evidence to confirm
pi75Vf5FnuY-00151-00046607-00046761 their effectiveness
pi75Vf5FnuY-00152-00046762-00047113 another new anti hurricane technology as
pi75Vf5FnuY-00153-00047114-00047356 a method for the reduction of tropical
pi75Vf5FnuY-00154-00047357-00047617 cyclones destructive force pumping
pi75Vf5FnuY-00155-00047618-00047878 seawater into and diffusing it in the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00156-00047879-00048112 wind at the bottom of such tropical
pi75Vf5FnuY-00157-00048113-00048834 cyclone in its eye wall
pi75Vf5FnuY-00158-00048835-00049521 topic hurricane modification
pi75Vf5FnuY-00159-00049522-00049851 Noah published a page addressing various
pi75Vf5FnuY-00160-00049852-00050163 ideas in regards to tropical cyclone
pi75Vf5FnuY-00161-00050164-00050404 manipulation
pi75Vf5FnuY-00162-00050405-00050974 in 2007 how to stop a hurricane explored
pi75Vf5FnuY-00163-00050975-00051417 various ideas such as using lasers to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00164-00051419-00051666 discharge lightning in storms which are
pi75Vf5FnuY-00165-00051667-00051936 likely to become hurricanes
pi75Vf5FnuY-00166-00051937-00052261 pouring liquid nitrogen onto the sea to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00167-00052262-00052608 deprive the hurricane of heat energy
pi75Vf5FnuY-00168-00052609-00052909 creating soot to absorb sunlight and
pi75Vf5FnuY-00169-00052910-00053119 change air temperature and create
pi75Vf5FnuY-00170-00053120-00053344 convection currents in the outer wall
pi75Vf5FnuY-00171-00053345-00053584 researchers from NOAA's hurricane
pi75Vf5FnuY-00172-00053585-00053827 research division addressed hurricane
pi75Vf5FnuY-00173-00053828-00054235 control based ideas later ideas 2017
pi75Vf5FnuY-00174-00054236-00054511 include laser inversion along the same
pi75Vf5FnuY-00175-00054512-00054820 lines as laser cooling normally used at
pi75Vf5FnuY-00176-00054821-00055080 cryogenic temperatures but intended to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00177-00055082-00055413 cool the top one millimetre of water if
pi75Vf5FnuY-00178-00055414-00055744 enough power was used then it might be
pi75Vf5FnuY-00179-00055745-00056002 enough combined with computer modeling
pi75Vf5FnuY-00180-00056003-00056272 to form an interference pattern able to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00181-00056273-00056521 inhibit a hurricane or significantly
pi75Vf5FnuY-00182-00056522-00056776 reduce its strength by depriving it of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00183-00056777-00057417 heat energy
pi75Vf5FnuY-00184-00057419-00058034 topic in the military
pi75Vf5FnuY-00185-00058035-00058354 operation Popeye was a highly classified
pi75Vf5FnuY-00186-00058355-00058848 operation run by the US military in 1967
pi75Vf5FnuY-00187-00058849-00059301 to 1972 the purpose was to prolong
pi75Vf5FnuY-00188-00059302-00059594 monsoon in Southeast Asia the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00189-00059595-00059891 overwhelming precipitation successfully
pi75Vf5FnuY-00190-00059892-00060138 disrupted the tactical logistics of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00191-00060139-00060486 Vietnamese army operation Popeye as
pi75Vf5FnuY-00192-00060487-00060690 believed as the first successful
pi75Vf5FnuY-00193-00060691-00060927 practice of weather modification
pi75Vf5FnuY-00194-00060928-00061296 technology in warfare after it was
pi75Vf5FnuY-00195-00061297-00061599 unveiled weather modification in warfare
pi75Vf5FnuY-00196-00061600-00061812 was banned by the environmental
pi75Vf5FnuY-00197-00061813-00062277 modification Convention enm OD in benign
pi75Vf5FnuY-00198-00062278-00062675 weather modification published March
pi75Vf5FnuY-00199-00062676-00063062 1997 Air Force Major Barry B Coble
pi75Vf5FnuY-00200-00063063-00063345 superficially documents the existence of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00201-00063346-00063594 weather modification science where he
pi75Vf5FnuY-00202-00063595-00063791 traces the developments that have
pi75Vf5FnuY-00203-00063792-00064050 occurred notably in the hands of the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00204-00064051-00064407 Pentagon and CIA staunchest ideological
pi75Vf5FnuY-00205-00064408-00064766 enemies the first scientifically
pi75Vf5FnuY-00206-00064767-00064971 controlled and monitored effort
pi75Vf5FnuY-00207-00064972-00065183 generally recognized by the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00208-00065184-00065472 meteorological community as constituting
pi75Vf5FnuY-00209-00065473-00065861 weather modification occurred in 1948
pi75Vf5FnuY-00210-00065862-00066161 when dr. Irving Langmuir first
pi75Vf5FnuY-00211-00066162-00066411 experimented with artificially seeding
pi75Vf5FnuY-00212-00066412-00066708 clouds to produce rain his experiments
pi75Vf5FnuY-00213-00066709-00066942 showed positive results sparking
pi75Vf5FnuY-00214-00066943-00067209 tremendous interest in the field nearly
pi75Vf5FnuY-00215-00067210-00067566 overnight many countries throughout the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00216-00067567-00067917 world practice weather modification the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00217-00067918-00068157 Russians have long been interested in
pi75Vf5FnuY-00218-00068158-00068415 using weather modification as a way to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00219-00068416-00068661 control hail
pi75Vf5FnuY-00220-00068662-00068919 the Chinese recognize the value of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00221-00068920-00069162 weather modification and believed that
pi75Vf5FnuY-00222-00069163-00069465 the US military continues to use weather
pi75Vf5FnuY-00223-00069466-00069801 as a weapon in the 1990s a directive
pi75Vf5FnuY-00224-00069802-00070041 from the chief of staff of the Air Force
pi75Vf5FnuY-00225-00070042-00070362 Ronald R Fogelman was issued to examine
pi75Vf5FnuY-00226-00070363-00070590 the concepts capabilities and
pi75Vf5FnuY-00227-00070591-00070845 technologies the United States would
pi75Vf5FnuY-00228-00070846-00071109 require to remain the dominant air and
pi75Vf5FnuY-00229-00071110-00071833 space force in the future
pi75Vf5FnuY-00230-00071834-00072728 topic in law
pi75Vf5FnuY-00231-00072729-00073431 topic US and Canada agreement
pi75Vf5FnuY-00232-00073432-00073911 in 1975 the US and Canada entered into
pi75Vf5FnuY-00233-00073912-00074136 an agreement under the auspices of the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00234-00074137-00074385 United Nations for the exchange of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00235-00074386-00074634 information on weather modification
pi75Vf5FnuY-00236-00074635-00075221 activity
pi75Vf5FnuY-00237-00075222-00075709 topic 1977 you in environmental
pi75Vf5FnuY-00238-00075710-00076247 modification convention
pi75Vf5FnuY-00239-00076248-00076526 weather modification particularly
pi75Vf5FnuY-00240-00076527-00076820 hostile weather warfare was addressed by
pi75Vf5FnuY-00241-00076821-00077087 the United Nations General Assembly
pi75Vf5FnuY-00242-00077088-00077786 resolution 31 70 seconds tias 9614
pi75Vf5FnuY-00243-00077787-00078023 Convention on the prohibition of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00244-00078024-00078343 military or any other hostile use of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00245-00078344-00078685 environmental modification techniques
pi75Vf5FnuY-00246-00078686-00079019 the Convention was signed in Geneva on
pi75Vf5FnuY-00247-00079020-00079424 May 18 1977 entered into force on
pi75Vf5FnuY-00248-00079425-00079826 October 5th 1978 ratified by US
pi75Vf5FnuY-00249-00079827-00080161 President Jimmy Carter on December 13
pi75Vf5FnuY-00250-00080162-00080582 1979 and the u.s. ratification deposited
pi75Vf5FnuY-00251-00080583-00081447 at New York January 17 1980
pi75Vf5FnuY-00252-00081448-00081831 topic US National Oceanic and
pi75Vf5FnuY-00253-00081832-00082385 Atmospheric Administration
pi75Vf5FnuY-00254-00082386-00082718 in the US the National Oceanic and
pi75Vf5FnuY-00255-00082719-00082997 Atmospheric Administration keeps records
pi75Vf5FnuY-00256-00082998-00083240 of weather modification projects on
pi75Vf5FnuY-00257-00083241-00083453 behalf of the Secretary of Commerce
pi75Vf5FnuY-00258-00083454-00083894 under authority of public law 92 to 205
pi75Vf5FnuY-00259-00083895-00084781 15 USC Section 330 be enacted in 1971
pi75Vf5FnuY-00260-00084782-00085213 topic proposed US legislation 2005 US
pi75Vf5FnuY-00261-00085214-00085825 Senate bill 517 and US House bill 2995
pi75Vf5FnuY-00262-00085826-00086394 US Senate bill 517 and US House bill
pi75Vf5FnuY-00263-00086395-00086809 2995 were two bills proposed in 2005
pi75Vf5FnuY-00264-00086810-00087064 that would have expanded experimental
pi75Vf5FnuY-00265-00087065-00087310 weather modification to establish a
pi75Vf5FnuY-00266-00087311-00087574 weather modification operations and
pi75Vf5FnuY-00267-00087575-00087796 research board and implemented a
pi75Vf5FnuY-00268-00087797-00088101 national weather modification policy
pi75Vf5FnuY-00269-00088102-00088486 neither were made into law former Texas
pi75Vf5FnuY-00270-00088487-00088813 State Senator John in ledum was the key
pi75Vf5FnuY-00271-00088814-00089034 lobbyist on behalf of the weather
pi75Vf5FnuY-00272-00089035-00089586 modification bills 2007 US Senate bill
pi75Vf5FnuY-00273-00089587-00090405 1807 and US House bill 3445 Senate bill
pi75Vf5FnuY-00274-00090406-00090958 1807 in House bill 3445 identical bills
pi75Vf5FnuY-00275-00090959-00091411 introduced July 17th 2007 proposed to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00276-00091412-00091690 establish a weather mitigation advisory
pi75Vf5FnuY-00277-00091691-00091926 and research board to fund weather
pi75Vf5FnuY-00278-00091927-00092534 modification research
pi75Vf5FnuY-00279-00092535-00093222 topic in religion and mythology
pi75Vf5FnuY-00280-00093223-00093507 magical and religious practices to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00281-00093508-00093744 control the weather are attested in a
pi75Vf5FnuY-00282-00093745-00094149 variety of cultures in ancient India it
pi75Vf5FnuY-00283-00094150-00094437 is said that yajna or Vedic rituals of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00284-00094438-00094650 chanting mantras and offering were
pi75Vf5FnuY-00285-00094651-00094914 performed by Rishi's to bring sudden
pi75Vf5FnuY-00286-00094915-00095193 bursts of rainfall in rain starved
pi75Vf5FnuY-00287-00095194-00095592 regions some indigenous Americans like
pi75Vf5FnuY-00288-00095593-00095865 some Europeans had rituals which they
pi75Vf5FnuY-00289-00095866-00096219 believed could induce rain the Finnish
pi75Vf5FnuY-00290-00096220-00096477 people on the other hand were believed
pi75Vf5FnuY-00291-00096478-00096753 by others to be able to control weather
pi75Vf5FnuY-00292-00096754-00096963 as a result
pi75Vf5FnuY-00293-00096964-00097233 Vikings refused to take Finn's on their
pi75Vf5FnuY-00294-00097234-00097560 ocean-going raids remnants of this
pi75Vf5FnuY-00295-00097561-00097821 superstition lasted into the 20th
pi75Vf5FnuY-00296-00097822-00098061 century with some ship crews being
pi75Vf5FnuY-00297-00098062-00098433 reluctant to accept Finnish sailors
pi75Vf5FnuY-00298-00098434-00098757 the early modern era saw people observed
pi75Vf5FnuY-00299-00098758-00098970 that during battles the firing of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00300-00098971-00099204 cannons and other firearms often
pi75Vf5FnuY-00301-00099205-00099523 initiated precipitation
pi75Vf5FnuY-00302-00099524-00099859 in Greek mythology Iphigenia was offered
pi75Vf5FnuY-00303-00099860-00100116 as a human sacrifice to appease the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00304-00100117-00100341 wrath of the goddess Artemis who had
pi75Vf5FnuY-00305-00100342-00100611 become the Achaean fleet at Aulis at the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00306-00100612-00100968 beginning of the Trojan War in Homer's
pi75Vf5FnuY-00307-00100969-00101049 Odyssey
pi75Vf5FnuY-00308-00101050-00101310 Aeolus keeper of the winds bestowed
pi75Vf5FnuY-00309-00101311-00101592 Odysseus and his crew with a gift of the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00310-00101593-00101801 four winds in a bag
pi75Vf5FnuY-00311-00101802-00102141 however the sailors opened the bag while
pi75Vf5FnuY-00312-00102142-00102438 Odysseus slept looking for booty money
pi75Vf5FnuY-00313-00102439-00102732 and as a result were blown off course by
pi75Vf5FnuY-00314-00102733-00103123 the resulting Gale in ancient Rome the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00315-00103124-00103426 lapis man Alice was a sacred stone kept
pi75Vf5FnuY-00316-00103427-00103701 outside the walls of Rome in a temple of
pi75Vf5FnuY-00317-00103702-00104098 Mars when Rome suffered from drought the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00318-00104099-00104433 stone was dragged into the city
pi75Vf5FnuY-00319-00104434-00104679 the Berwick witches of Scotland were
pi75Vf5FnuY-00320-00104680-00104961 found guilty of using black magic to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00321-00104963-00105256 summon storms to murder King James the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00322-00105257-00105528 sixth of Scotland by seeking to sink the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00323-00105529-00105919 ship upon which he traveled Scandinavian
pi75Vf5FnuY-00324-00105920-00106152 witches allegedly claimed to sell the
pi75Vf5FnuY-00325-00106153-00106449 wind in bags or magically confined into
pi75Vf5FnuY-00326-00106450-00106752 wooden staves they sold the bags to
pi75Vf5FnuY-00327-00106753-00106938 seamen who could release them when
pi75Vf5FnuY-00328-00106939-00107304 become in various towns of Navarre
pi75Vf5FnuY-00329-00107305-00107625 prayers petition st. Peter to grant rein
pi75Vf5FnuY-00330-00107626-00107961 in time of drought if the rain was not
pi75Vf5FnuY-00331-00107962-00108295 forthcoming the statue of st. Peter was
pi75Vf5FnuY-00332-00108296-00108534 removed from the church and tossed into
pi75Vf5FnuY-00333-00108535-00109141 a river
pi75Vf5FnuY-00334-00109142-00109726 topic see also
pi75Vf5FnuY-00335-00109727-00110193 global warming climate engineering
pi75Vf5FnuY-00336-00110194-00110513 weather forecasting
pi75Vf5FnuY-00337-00110514-00110902 operation Popeye Beijing weather
pi75Vf5FnuY-00338-00110903-00111394 modification office project cumulus
pi75Vf5FnuY-00339-00111395-00111776 Alberta Hale project Tim trail
pi75Vf5FnuY-00340-00111777-00112043 conspiracy theory
pi75Vf5FnuY-00341-00112044-00112280 fog investigation and dispersal
pi75Vf5FnuY-00342-00112281-00112568 operation Fido
pi75Vf5FnuY-00343-00112569-00112975 project Stormfury weather modification
pi75Vf5FnuY-00344-00112976-00113383 in north america land surface effects on
pi75Vf5FnuY-00345-00113384-00113565 climate
pi75Vf5FnuY-00346-00113566-00113842 environmental modification conventions
pi75Vf5FnuY-00347-00113843-00114181 en mo D
pj_PbOpJN3k-00000-00000078-00000881 all right cheers
pj_PbOpJN3k-00001-00000882-00001139 good morning everybody and welcome to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00002-00001140-00001541 our first Innovation Festival Encore
pj_PbOpJN3k-00003-00001542-00001745 um we're often asked what happened to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00004-00001746-00001889 those ideas from The Innovation Festival
pj_PbOpJN3k-00005-00001889-00002147 so we have a wonderful crowd that joins
pj_PbOpJN3k-00006-00002148-00002476 us at the festival every year and as you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00007-00002477-00002621 if you've been your note we work very
pj_PbOpJN3k-00008-00002622-00002975 hard to create things out of that out of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00009-00002976-00003226 that event and make sure that we've got
pj_PbOpJN3k-00010-00003227-00003388 great ideas coming out and that usually
pj_PbOpJN3k-00011-00003389-00003599 you know 50 60 ideas are going to come
pj_PbOpJN3k-00012-00003600-00003847 out of any Festival would be the average
pj_PbOpJN3k-00013-00003847-00004061 but people will then go well what
pj_PbOpJN3k-00014-00004061-00004349 happened to those where did they go did
pj_PbOpJN3k-00015-00004350-00004619 they ever come to fruition and you know
pj_PbOpJN3k-00016-00004620-00004877 the reality is that getting an idea to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00017-00004878-00005015 value
pj_PbOpJN3k-00018-00005016-00005159 um is quite hard work and actually
pj_PbOpJN3k-00019-00005160-00005338 requires a lot of patience and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00020-00005339-00005633 persistence and what we've observed over
pj_PbOpJN3k-00021-00005634-00005854 the years of doing our Festival is it
pj_PbOpJN3k-00022-00005855-00006041 can often take two three even four years
pj_PbOpJN3k-00023-00006042-00006377 sometimes to get an idea to fruition but
pj_PbOpJN3k-00024-00006378-00006670 be assured that we work very hard
pj_PbOpJN3k-00025-00006672-00006898 at our Innovation pipeline
pj_PbOpJN3k-00026-00006900-00007067 um to make sure that we take those ideas
pj_PbOpJN3k-00027-00007068-00007319 and turn them into value and so what we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00028-00007320-00007439 thought we'd do this year is try
pj_PbOpJN3k-00029-00007440-00007648 something out and offer you a little
pj_PbOpJN3k-00030-00007650-00007973 window in uh just you know a few months
pj_PbOpJN3k-00031-00007973-00008134 after the festival as to what's going on
pj_PbOpJN3k-00032-00008136-00008351 what happened to those ideas out of the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00033-00008352-00008573 festival so that's what this session is
pj_PbOpJN3k-00034-00008574-00008681 all about
pj_PbOpJN3k-00035-00008682-00008939 we've actually got five of them so we've
pj_PbOpJN3k-00036-00008940-00009227 organized them into bubbles as we did at
pj_PbOpJN3k-00037-00009228-00009407 the festival itself
pj_PbOpJN3k-00038-00009408-00009706 the first one's focused on water wonders
pj_PbOpJN3k-00039-00009707-00009923 and that's obviously this session today
pj_PbOpJN3k-00040-00009924-00010091 and then we've got customer Heroes
pj_PbOpJN3k-00041-00010092-00010391 coming up on the 7th of November Enviro
pj_PbOpJN3k-00042-00010392-00010678 warriors on the 11th awesome assets on
pj_PbOpJN3k-00043-00010679-00010949 the 14th and lastly smart Tech on the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00044-00010950-00011206 18th of November so a chance to look in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00045-00011207-00011428 on the bubble that you're interested in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00046-00011429-00011591 or you can look at all of them because
pj_PbOpJN3k-00047-00011592-00011819 we'll be recording all of these sessions
pj_PbOpJN3k-00048-00011820-00011974 so
pj_PbOpJN3k-00049-00011975-00012185 um like I said a little window in on
pj_PbOpJN3k-00050-00012186-00012431 what's going on with the ideas
pj_PbOpJN3k-00051-00012432-00012677 I think before we we get into that just
pj_PbOpJN3k-00052-00012678-00012887 a quick recap on the festival itself and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00053-00012888-00013079 a thank you to all of you who took part
pj_PbOpJN3k-00054-00013080-00013301 in it I thought it was amazing it was
pj_PbOpJN3k-00055-00013302-00013577 great to be back in person and back at
pj_PbOpJN3k-00056-00013578-00013816 the racecourse and all of the atmosphere
pj_PbOpJN3k-00057-00013818-00014027 and the magic that somehow is in the air
pj_PbOpJN3k-00058-00014028-00014327 when we convene there so we had more
pj_PbOpJN3k-00059-00014328-00014566 than 2 000 people joining us uh from
pj_PbOpJN3k-00060-00014568-00014813 over 38 different sectors and from 33
pj_PbOpJN3k-00061-00014813-00015166 different countries leveraging the the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00062-00015168-00015401 digital inputs that we found uh during
pj_PbOpJN3k-00063-00015402-00015544 the covered years let's just call them
pj_PbOpJN3k-00064-00015545-00015647 that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00065-00015647-00015869 um and we kept a bit of that in play and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00066-00015869-00016108 so 33 different countries thrilled that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00067-00016109-00016372 we were able to maintain that we had 600
pj_PbOpJN3k-00068-00016373-00016579 different organizations participating
pj_PbOpJN3k-00069-00016580-00017039 and 600 nwg stuff and so I think you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00070-00017040-00017203 know those are really some great numbers
pj_PbOpJN3k-00071-00017204-00017458 uh and things that we're very proud of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00072-00017459-00017705 as we try and innovate from the outside
pj_PbOpJN3k-00073-00017706-00017921 in you know looking outside our sector
pj_PbOpJN3k-00074-00017922-00018179 and beyond our normal Geographic
pj_PbOpJN3k-00075-00018180-00018425 boundaries if you will to bring some
pj_PbOpJN3k-00076-00018426-00018725 ideas in that can help us to solve some
pj_PbOpJN3k-00077-00018726-00018958 of these complex societal and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00078-00018959-00019180 environmental issues that we face
pj_PbOpJN3k-00079-00019181-00019571 we had our first live excavation and we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00080-00019572-00019799 had our first cooked breakfast prepared
pj_PbOpJN3k-00081-00019800-00020044 by a robot at the festival from the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00082-00020045-00020357 wonderful guys at Fox Dog Studios I
pj_PbOpJN3k-00083-00020358-00020579 think that was a brilliant exhibition of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00084-00020580-00020800 of what you can do when you crowdsource
pj_PbOpJN3k-00085-00020801-00021203 things we had origin no dig joining us
pj_PbOpJN3k-00086-00021204-00021407 at the festival as well and we had
pj_PbOpJN3k-00087-00021408-00021647 several demos of that and I know taking
pj_PbOpJN3k-00088-00021648-00021893 some stakeholders around the site and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00089-00021894-00022061 and giving them a chance to look at that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00090-00022062-00022253 that caused a lot of excitement and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00091-00022254-00022450 we're working with them to develop that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00092-00022451-00022619 technology ahead of full
pj_PbOpJN3k-00093-00022620-00022775 commercialization
pj_PbOpJN3k-00094-00022776-00023021 and uh several other things that have
pj_PbOpJN3k-00095-00023022-00023308 gone on um a lot of ideas have been have
pj_PbOpJN3k-00096-00023309-00023567 attracted seed funding indeed and are
pj_PbOpJN3k-00097-00023568-00023747 now moving and getting out the blocks as
pj_PbOpJN3k-00098-00023748-00023999 we form the Partnerships that will bring
pj_PbOpJN3k-00099-00024000-00024227 these ideas to life and not all of them
pj_PbOpJN3k-00100-00024228-00024383 will succeed
pj_PbOpJN3k-00101-00024384-00024575 um so uh for for if you've been us
pj_PbOpJN3k-00102-00024576-00024761 around us for a while you'll know our
pj_PbOpJN3k-00103-00024762-00025025 intended success rate is 4 out of ten so
pj_PbOpJN3k-00104-00025026-00025157 we're comfortable with the fact that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00105-00025158-00025385 some of these experiments as we proceed
pj_PbOpJN3k-00106-00025386-00025684 with them will actually fail and we'll
pj_PbOpJN3k-00107-00025685-00025834 learn from those things and sometimes
pj_PbOpJN3k-00108-00025835-00026044 again we we wake them up at some point
pj_PbOpJN3k-00109-00026045-00026177 in the future when you're just kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00110-00026177-00026435 okay the Technology's matured or the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00111-00026436-00026633 price points come to somewhere that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00112-00026633-00026861 makes it economically viable all of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00113-00026862-00027011 those things can happen so we have a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00114-00027012-00027311 very active Innovation pipeline that we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00115-00027312-00027479 manage
pj_PbOpJN3k-00116-00027480-00027773 and so um without further Ado then I'm
pj_PbOpJN3k-00117-00027774-00028061 now going to hand over to Angela who's
pj_PbOpJN3k-00118-00028062-00028318 going to give you a bit of a of her view
pj_PbOpJN3k-00119-00028319-00028595 of where we are in terms of innovation
pj_PbOpJN3k-00120-00028595-00028864 in the water sector and how we're doing
pj_PbOpJN3k-00121-00028866-00029207 at northumbrian Water overall Angela
pj_PbOpJN3k-00122-00029208-00029399 good morning everybody great to be here
pj_PbOpJN3k-00123-00029400-00029620 for this first Encore session this
pj_PbOpJN3k-00124-00029622-00029917 morning focusing on the world of water
pj_PbOpJN3k-00125-00029918-00030251 and what a rich space it has been over
pj_PbOpJN3k-00126-00030252-00030502 the last six festivals that we've run I
pj_PbOpJN3k-00127-00030504-00030677 think it's true to say that we've really
pj_PbOpJN3k-00128-00030677-00030868 had some brilliant examples of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00129-00030869-00031067 innovation that have come out of this
pj_PbOpJN3k-00130-00031068-00031205 particular
pj_PbOpJN3k-00131-00031206-00031451 um if that has actually come alive
pj_PbOpJN3k-00132-00031452-00031696 within the water space So currently
pj_PbOpJN3k-00133-00031697-00031907 within our Innovation pipeline we have
pj_PbOpJN3k-00134-00031908-00032212 24 Live projects and these are worth
pj_PbOpJN3k-00135-00032213-00032446 potentially over 30 million pounds
pj_PbOpJN3k-00136-00032447-00032687 annually if they all come off but as
pj_PbOpJN3k-00137-00032688-00032915 Nigel touched on not everything will
pj_PbOpJN3k-00138-00032916-00033107 work we are willing to take a little bit
pj_PbOpJN3k-00139-00033108-00033407 of a punt and try things out so
pj_PbOpJN3k-00140-00033408-00033689 therefore we we really need the festival
pj_PbOpJN3k-00141-00033690-00033977 to really bring new ideas to life and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00142-00033978-00034223 indeed that's what it's done so taking a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00143-00034224-00034415 little bit of a look back over the years
pj_PbOpJN3k-00144-00034416-00034709 some of the ideas in this water space
pj_PbOpJN3k-00145-00034710-00034943 that have come to life is the treatment
pj_PbOpJN3k-00146-00034944-00035146 to tap project that we've been working
pj_PbOpJN3k-00147-00035147-00035357 on now for for a good number of years
pj_PbOpJN3k-00148-00035358-00035602 with Siemens and it actually started out
pj_PbOpJN3k-00149-00035603-00036023 in in 2020 when Siemens managed to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00150-00036024-00036239 secure some seed funding to take that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00151-00036240-00036527 idea to the next stage they then were
pj_PbOpJN3k-00152-00036528-00036815 successful in securing our invest Quest
pj_PbOpJN3k-00153-00036816-00037049 funding to take it to that next stage
pj_PbOpJN3k-00154-00037050-00037312 further and then indeed we actually then
pj_PbOpJN3k-00155-00037313-00037546 took it really right to the top and got
pj_PbOpJN3k-00156-00037547-00037787 over six hundred thousand pounds worth
pj_PbOpJN3k-00157-00037788-00038081 of off-what funding to really bring this
pj_PbOpJN3k-00158-00038082-00038387 step change in water company water
pj_PbOpJN3k-00159-00038388-00038596 monitoring and ProActive Management to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00160-00038597-00038867 life so we're really excited about how
pj_PbOpJN3k-00161-00038868-00039052 we've been able to develop that project
pj_PbOpJN3k-00162-00039053-00039252 over a number of different iterations
pj_PbOpJN3k-00163-00039253-00039551 and bringing it into the place that is
pj_PbOpJN3k-00164-00039552-00039833 today so uh really excited about that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00165-00039834-00040139 project which is a t-side demonstration
pj_PbOpJN3k-00166-00040140-00040601 area that supplies over 90 000 customers
pj_PbOpJN3k-00167-00040602-00040949 if I look back to the 2021 Innovation
pj_PbOpJN3k-00168-00040950-00041051 Festival
pj_PbOpJN3k-00169-00041052-00041290 Morrison Water Services joined us at our
pj_PbOpJN3k-00170-00041291-00041573 hybrid event there and they hit the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00171-00041574-00041783 ground really quickly after the event
pj_PbOpJN3k-00172-00041784-00042029 with a data science model that has been
pj_PbOpJN3k-00173-00042030-00042424 operating uh since March now 2022 and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00174-00042425-00042695 has really been enabled us to actually
pj_PbOpJN3k-00175-00042696-00043133 identify uh some some leakage hot spots
pj_PbOpJN3k-00176-00043134-00043355 that we weren't able to identify
pj_PbOpJN3k-00177-00043356-00043595 previously and we've done an awful lot
pj_PbOpJN3k-00178-00043596-00043787 of work in leakage over this last little
pj_PbOpJN3k-00179-00043788-00044045 while so it's actually not it's really
pj_PbOpJN3k-00180-00044046-00044230 hard now to move that dial because
pj_PbOpJN3k-00181-00044231-00044399 actually we've we've made some really
pj_PbOpJN3k-00182-00044400-00044633 good gains but this particular digital
pj_PbOpJN3k-00183-00044634-00045011 twin has enabled us to um to increase
pj_PbOpJN3k-00184-00045012-00045173 our
pj_PbOpJN3k-00185-00045174-00045485 um our our leakage reporting by a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00186-00045486-00045761 massive 25 so actually been able to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00187-00045762-00045989 reduce by 25 which is absolutely
pj_PbOpJN3k-00188-00045990-00046295 incredible in in one of our our high
pj_PbOpJN3k-00189-00046296-00046577 leakage areas so really excited by what
pj_PbOpJN3k-00190-00046578-00046780 we've done with that particular project
pj_PbOpJN3k-00191-00046781-00046985 and and that and again that one was
pj_PbOpJN3k-00192-00046986-00047146 really exciting because we were able to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00193-00047147-00047351 move that one really fast which is
pj_PbOpJN3k-00194-00047352-00047543 something that sometimes we struggle to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00195-00047544-00047830 do another exciting one coming from the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00196-00047831-00048167 2019 Innovation Festival uh was around
pj_PbOpJN3k-00197-00048168-00048449 problematic dmas where in venio
pj_PbOpJN3k-00198-00048450-00048689 successfully trialled their temperature
pj_PbOpJN3k-00199-00048690-00049030 sensors which can estimate flow going
pj_PbOpJN3k-00200-00049031-00049258 into each property so we can properly
pj_PbOpJN3k-00201-00049259-00049530 calculate their consumption profile
pj_PbOpJN3k-00202-00049531-00049817 so this is really helping us get a much
pj_PbOpJN3k-00203-00049818-00050051 more accurate consumption model so then
pj_PbOpJN3k-00204-00050052-00050321 we're not um so we don't underestimate a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00205-00050322-00050579 customer night usage and that trial has
pj_PbOpJN3k-00206-00050580-00050758 worked incredibly well and again is one
pj_PbOpJN3k-00207-00050759-00050896 of the ones that we've worked on from
pj_PbOpJN3k-00208-00050897-00051040 the festival
pj_PbOpJN3k-00209-00051041-00051335 uh in the 2019 Festival we worked with
pj_PbOpJN3k-00210-00051336-00051623 Andrew Turner Innovations on his laysafe
pj_PbOpJN3k-00211-00051624-00051899 trailer so this was a health and safety
pj_PbOpJN3k-00212-00051900-00052144 issue that was identified with coiled
pj_PbOpJN3k-00213-00052145-00052475 180 mil pipe uh caused some significant
pj_PbOpJN3k-00214-00052476-00052780 issues to the public and also to our uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-00215-00052782-00052966 to also people who work in the um
pj_PbOpJN3k-00216-00052967-00053230 utilities business with the recoil of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00217-00053232-00053387 those pipes when they're actually
pj_PbOpJN3k-00218-00053388-00053603 released from a trailer but what he's
pj_PbOpJN3k-00219-00053604-00053813 been able to do is actually been able to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00220-00053814-00054076 create a device that can be retrofitted
pj_PbOpJN3k-00221-00054077-00054454 onto trailers and can take out that uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-00222-00054455-00054659 that kinetic energy so then it can be
pj_PbOpJN3k-00223-00054660-00054953 laid very safely and also very quickly
pj_PbOpJN3k-00224-00054954-00055282 so there's a real gain in terms of the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00225-00055283-00055594 um time to actually lay pipe
pj_PbOpJN3k-00226-00055595-00055913 it the the actual incident itself in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00227-00055914-00056200 2019 caused us not to be able to use
pj_PbOpJN3k-00228-00056201-00056416 that particular method for laying pipe
pj_PbOpJN3k-00229-00056417-00056591 so then we were having to go to actually
pj_PbOpJN3k-00230-00056591-00056819 laying sticks of pipe and and Welding
pj_PbOpJN3k-00231-00056820-00057041 them together and those are potential
pj_PbOpJN3k-00232-00057041-00057275 future leaks which we really don't want
pj_PbOpJN3k-00233-00057276-00057479 to have so actually going back to coil
pj_PbOpJN3k-00234-00057479-00057766 pipes is a much preferential way of of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00235-00057767-00057994 laying pipes for the future so that's a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00236-00057995-00058169 brilliant Innovation working with Andrew
pj_PbOpJN3k-00237-00058170-00058337 that is now going to be commercially
pj_PbOpJN3k-00238-00058338-00058450 available
pj_PbOpJN3k-00239-00058451-00058721 and then on top of all of that we've
pj_PbOpJN3k-00240-00058722-00058937 also been able to secure over six
pj_PbOpJN3k-00241-00058938-00059176 million pounds uh again from the off
pj_PbOpJN3k-00242-00059177-00059435 what funding to actually establish a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00243-00059436-00059632 national leakage test and Research
pj_PbOpJN3k-00244-00059633-00059861 Center which is going to be a real game
pj_PbOpJN3k-00245-00059862-00060047 changer for the whole water sector
pj_PbOpJN3k-00246-00060048-00060226 because it's going to be be able to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00247-00060227-00060526 speed up the way in which we we can work
pj_PbOpJN3k-00248-00060527-00060725 with suppliers to actually qualify
pj_PbOpJN3k-00249-00060726-00060976 Innovations in this space which we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00250-00060977-00061216 really very much need to do and also
pj_PbOpJN3k-00251-00061217-00061588 speed up things like the regulation 31
pj_PbOpJN3k-00252-00061589-00061949 and that sort of potential barrier to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00253-00061950-00062116 getting these that really vital
pj_PbOpJN3k-00254-00062117-00062332 Innovations into our
pj_PbOpJN3k-00255-00062333-00062591 um business as usual as fast as we can
pj_PbOpJN3k-00256-00062591-00062830 so a huge amount of work has gone on
pj_PbOpJN3k-00257-00062832-00063119 really really exciting so what we're
pj_PbOpJN3k-00258-00063120-00063280 going to run through now for the rest of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00259-00063282-00063503 the rest of this session is really
pj_PbOpJN3k-00260-00063504-00063694 looking at how we can
pj_PbOpJN3k-00261-00063695-00063982 um learn from what's going on in the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00262-00063983-00064085 current
pj_PbOpJN3k-00263-00064086-00064415 um from the Festival of 2022 and we've
pj_PbOpJN3k-00264-00064416-00064565 got some absolutely brilliant speakers
pj_PbOpJN3k-00265-00064566-00064775 with us today that are going to just
pj_PbOpJN3k-00266-00064776-00065026 share what they've been doing in in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00267-00065027-00065141 their work
pj_PbOpJN3k-00268-00065141-00065423 uh we also invite questions so if you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00269-00065424-00065591 have got any questions from what you're
pj_PbOpJN3k-00270-00065592-00065831 here today please do use the chat
pj_PbOpJN3k-00271-00065832-00066017 function it is there so then you can
pj_PbOpJN3k-00272-00066018-00066106 actually
pj_PbOpJN3k-00273-00066107-00066400 um ask live what's going on or indeed if
pj_PbOpJN3k-00274-00066401-00066647 it prompts any thoughts or ideas please
pj_PbOpJN3k-00275-00066648-00066850 do get in touch and we'll answer your
pj_PbOpJN3k-00276-00066851-00067169 question after uh after the event
pj_PbOpJN3k-00277-00067170-00067481 so without further Ado we're going to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00278-00067482-00067793 um move to to Joe Wilkins who is going
pj_PbOpJN3k-00279-00067794-00067985 to be sharing
pj_PbOpJN3k-00280-00067986-00068285 um all of the news on flush with data so
pj_PbOpJN3k-00281-00068286-00068482 over to Joe
pj_PbOpJN3k-00282-00068483-00068656 good morning everybody
pj_PbOpJN3k-00283-00068657-00068926 um so I was involved in the flush with
pj_PbOpJN3k-00284-00068927-00069071 data Sprint
pj_PbOpJN3k-00285-00069072-00069317 um which was a spin Sprint around data
pj_PbOpJN3k-00286-00069318-00069449 but with perhaps a slightly different
pj_PbOpJN3k-00287-00069450-00069671 Focus because this one focused on the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00288-00069672-00069821 data that we have available at our water
pj_PbOpJN3k-00289-00069822-00070000 treatment works so instead of perhaps
pj_PbOpJN3k-00290-00070001-00070193 using customer data or leakage data
pj_PbOpJN3k-00291-00070194-00070444 network data it was a great opportunity
pj_PbOpJN3k-00292-00070445-00070697 to get the sort of Water Supplies teams
pj_PbOpJN3k-00293-00070698-00070913 and operational teams involved
pj_PbOpJN3k-00294-00070914-00071087 um this Sprint was actually held down in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00295-00071088-00071279 in Essex on our hanningfield water
pj_PbOpJN3k-00296-00071280-00071506 stream work site so it gave the sort of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00297-00071507-00071735 operators a chance to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00298-00071736-00071932 um get involved in perhaps where they
pj_PbOpJN3k-00299-00071933-00072029 can't travel
pj_PbOpJN3k-00300-00072030-00072167 um you know and leave their site for too
pj_PbOpJN3k-00301-00072168-00072437 long so our Focus was looking at what
pj_PbOpJN3k-00302-00072438-00072611 could we use the water quality the sort
pj_PbOpJN3k-00303-00072612-00072779 of data we've get on a treatment works
pj_PbOpJN3k-00304-00072780-00072887 to improve the treatment works
pj_PbOpJN3k-00305-00072888-00073085 performance and our water quality
pj_PbOpJN3k-00306-00073086-00073294 performance and how could we perhaps use
pj_PbOpJN3k-00307-00073295-00073582 that data to make better decisions
pj_PbOpJN3k-00308-00073583-00073769 so we started off with a tour of the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00309-00073770-00073894 treatments which was great because we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00310-00073895-00074165 had a wide range of of people join our
pj_PbOpJN3k-00311-00074166-00074261 Sprint
pj_PbOpJN3k-00312-00074262-00074405 um we had external Partners so people
pj_PbOpJN3k-00313-00074406-00074681 from Microsoft and Arab joined
pj_PbOpJN3k-00314-00074682-00074825 um you know and people from other areas
pj_PbOpJN3k-00315-00074826-00074944 of the business so we started with a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00316-00074945-00075143 tour of the treatment works and then
pj_PbOpJN3k-00317-00075144-00075335 what we established is we seem to have
pj_PbOpJN3k-00318-00075336-00075623 lots of data but perhaps lack knowledge
pj_PbOpJN3k-00319-00075624-00075832 and information so it's turning that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00320-00075833-00076138 data into something that we can use
pj_PbOpJN3k-00321-00076139-00076421 so we reviewed what data we had we split
pj_PbOpJN3k-00322-00076422-00076721 into sort of three main groups and sort
pj_PbOpJN3k-00323-00076722-00076847 of discussed the problems that we have
pj_PbOpJN3k-00324-00076848-00077038 on a treatment works
pj_PbOpJN3k-00325-00077039-00077506 um so we we looked at um filter washing
pj_PbOpJN3k-00326-00077507-00077687 and that seems that's the main part of a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00327-00077688-00077831 treatment works process is how you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00328-00077832-00078023 manage and wash filters
pj_PbOpJN3k-00329-00078024-00078173 um hanningfield particularly is a large
pj_PbOpJN3k-00330-00078174-00078365 Reservoir source and suffers from quite
pj_PbOpJN3k-00331-00078366-00078550 significant algal bloom so is there any
pj_PbOpJN3k-00332-00078551-00078935 data we could have around that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00333-00078936-00079103 um and the other one was was this sort
pj_PbOpJN3k-00334-00079104-00079300 of area I got involved in which was the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00335-00079301-00079475 date what we called a data Reservoir
pj_PbOpJN3k-00336-00079476-00079619 we're all about water so it had to have
pj_PbOpJN3k-00337-00079620-00079775 a reservoir name
pj_PbOpJN3k-00338-00079776-00079967 um so we had all these multiple sources
pj_PbOpJN3k-00339-00079968-00080344 of data we've got um lab data so our our
pj_PbOpJN3k-00340-00080345-00080603 sampling teams take a large amount of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00341-00080604-00080771 operational land compliance and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00342-00080772-00081035 Regulatory data from the DreamWorks we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00343-00081036-00081197 have lots of online monitors and all
pj_PbOpJN3k-00344-00081198-00081347 that's increasing the number of monitors
pj_PbOpJN3k-00345-00081348-00081538 we're getting is increasing and then the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00346-00081539-00081671 site teams have their own little midi
pj_PbOpJN3k-00347-00081672-00081875 Labs where they do lots of checks
pj_PbOpJN3k-00348-00081876-00082049 but none of that data is together
pj_PbOpJN3k-00349-00082050-00082169 they're all it's all in different
pj_PbOpJN3k-00350-00082170-00082350 systems some of it's even still on paper
pj_PbOpJN3k-00351-00082351-00082600 so what we looked at is the idea of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00352-00082601-00082823 pulling all that data into a data
pj_PbOpJN3k-00353-00082824-00082943 Reservoir
pj_PbOpJN3k-00354-00082944-00083050 um
pj_PbOpJN3k-00355-00083051-00083261 and even in the process of doing this we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00356-00083262-00083381 discovered that half the trouble is
pj_PbOpJN3k-00357-00083382-00083561 getting the data out of the system so it
pj_PbOpJN3k-00358-00083562-00083800 sort of highlighted the need for this
pj_PbOpJN3k-00359-00083801-00084041 um so we were looking at processing all
pj_PbOpJN3k-00360-00084042-00084221 that data into a data Reservoir that we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00361-00084222-00084509 could use and that then losing some kind
pj_PbOpJN3k-00362-00084510-00084731 of dashboard or reporting tool to pull
pj_PbOpJN3k-00363-00084732-00084935 that data out to give us visibility of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00364-00084936-00085079 that data
pj_PbOpJN3k-00365-00085080-00085294 so it would give us benefits of you know
pj_PbOpJN3k-00366-00085295-00085505 being able to have more confidence by
pj_PbOpJN3k-00367-00085506-00085673 comparing the data streams confidence in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00368-00085674-00085888 our online monitors compared to manual
pj_PbOpJN3k-00369-00085889-00086038 results
pj_PbOpJN3k-00370-00086039-00086231 um could it give us more
pj_PbOpJN3k-00371-00086232-00086459 um information on predictive maintenance
pj_PbOpJN3k-00372-00086460-00086585 for monitors you know when monitors
pj_PbOpJN3k-00373-00086586-00086788 weren't performing based you know by
pj_PbOpJN3k-00374-00086789-00087071 validating them against other results
pj_PbOpJN3k-00375-00087072-00087299 um so that's sort of where we got to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00376-00087300-00087569 with with that um and I was just amazed
pj_PbOpJN3k-00377-00087570-00087653 with
pj_PbOpJN3k-00378-00087654-00087862 um the teams involved at almost building
pj_PbOpJN3k-00379-00087863-00088247 demos and and you know prototypes within
pj_PbOpJN3k-00380-00088248-00088421 those sort of couple of days to actually
pj_PbOpJN3k-00381-00088422-00088697 demonstrate that we could do this
pj_PbOpJN3k-00382-00088698-00088859 um the other thing that was a sort of a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00383-00088860-00089171 sideline that came out was perhaps um
pj_PbOpJN3k-00384-00089172-00089411 because I said that the lab the site
pj_PbOpJN3k-00385-00089412-00089591 seems to do minilab sort of data and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00386-00089592-00089747 work a lot of that's still written on
pj_PbOpJN3k-00387-00089748-00089891 paper some of it goes into another
pj_PbOpJN3k-00388-00089892-00090118 system but not all of it so could we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00389-00090119-00090353 develop an app a company-wide app that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00390-00090354-00090575 the mini lab the data just gets entered
pj_PbOpJN3k-00391-00090576-00090737 onto the app and automatically goes in a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00392-00090738-00090881 system which gives everybody much more
pj_PbOpJN3k-00393-00090882-00091138 clearer visibility of that data
pj_PbOpJN3k-00394-00091139-00091373 some of the other teams working on on
pj_PbOpJN3k-00395-00091374-00091505 things that we think would then fit
pj_PbOpJN3k-00396-00091506-00091709 perhaps on top of that data Reservoir
pj_PbOpJN3k-00397-00091710-00091931 platform so um
pj_PbOpJN3k-00398-00091932-00092105 they call themselves blooming heck so
pj_PbOpJN3k-00399-00092106-00092350 that was around algal blooms
pj_PbOpJN3k-00400-00092351-00092525 um and that's using the data we've got
pj_PbOpJN3k-00401-00092526-00092735 as a predictive model to try and predict
pj_PbOpJN3k-00402-00092736-00092987 when we would or could get an algal
pj_PbOpJN3k-00403-00092988-00093118 bloom in the reservoir to allow the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00404-00093119-00093406 treatment works to prepare so they'd use
pj_PbOpJN3k-00405-00093407-00093587 a range of data not just water quality
pj_PbOpJN3k-00406-00093588-00093797 data but you know weather data wind
pj_PbOpJN3k-00407-00093798-00094055 direction sunlight levels all things
pj_PbOpJN3k-00408-00094056-00094261 that impact an algal bloom
pj_PbOpJN3k-00409-00094262-00094511 another group worked on what they called
pj_PbOpJN3k-00410-00094512-00094679 the backwash predictor so this was
pj_PbOpJN3k-00411-00094680-00094871 around the filter management and filter
pj_PbOpJN3k-00412-00094872-00094997 performance
pj_PbOpJN3k-00413-00094998-00095243 could be used an algorithm use that data
pj_PbOpJN3k-00414-00095244-00095453 and algorithm to predict when the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00415-00095454-00095656 filters needed to wash
pj_PbOpJN3k-00416-00095657-00095794 and therefore that could be quite a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00417-00095795-00095962 significant efficiency Drive normally
pj_PbOpJN3k-00418-00095963-00096215 they wash either you know on a set time
pj_PbOpJN3k-00419-00096216-00096461 every 48 hours or every 76 hours but if
pj_PbOpJN3k-00420-00096462-00096581 the water quality is good they might not
pj_PbOpJN3k-00421-00096582-00096803 need to wash that often so could could
pj_PbOpJN3k-00422-00096804-00096988 you sort of use the data and on the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00423-00096989-00097235 filter performance to work out when and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00424-00097236-00097426 how much they those filters needed to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00425-00097427-00097600 wash
pj_PbOpJN3k-00426-00097601-00097865 um so that's where we got we got to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00427-00097866-00098171 um all three ideas were brilliant
pj_PbOpJN3k-00428-00098172-00098375 um and they all sort of probably build
pj_PbOpJN3k-00429-00098376-00098591 on on each other
pj_PbOpJN3k-00430-00098592-00098806 um but that that way of pulling all the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00431-00098807-00098950 different data from different sources
pj_PbOpJN3k-00432-00098951-00099185 together was the main sort of output of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00433-00099186-00099773 our Sprint
pj_PbOpJN3k-00434-00099774-00100024 that's brilliant it's really good to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00435-00100025-00100391 hear uh just what some really focused
pj_PbOpJN3k-00436-00100392-00100756 and dedicated time exploring a different
pj_PbOpJN3k-00437-00100757-00101056 topic can uh can really do so it sounds
pj_PbOpJN3k-00438-00101057-00101303 like you had a a really productive week
pj_PbOpJN3k-00439-00101304-00101591 yours was the uh was the company first
pj_PbOpJN3k-00440-00101592-00101897 of actually doing the Sprint actually at
pj_PbOpJN3k-00441-00101898-00102161 the uh at the treatment works so what
pj_PbOpJN3k-00442-00102162-00102335 was that like what was that experience
pj_PbOpJN3k-00443-00102336-00102610 uh like during that week
pj_PbOpJN3k-00444-00102611-00102989 and it was great um it I think I wrote
pj_PbOpJN3k-00445-00102990-00103139 down for something that's went well was
pj_PbOpJN3k-00446-00103140-00103313 was the people and the range of people
pj_PbOpJN3k-00447-00103314-00103528 that we had because you know we can't
pj_PbOpJN3k-00448-00103529-00103780 all travel to the to the Northeast
pj_PbOpJN3k-00449-00103781-00103978 um for those based in Essex and Suffolk
pj_PbOpJN3k-00450-00103979-00104134 and even those operational teams on
pj_PbOpJN3k-00451-00104135-00104284 treatment works you know can't
pj_PbOpJN3k-00452-00104285-00104453 necessarily take significant amounts of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00453-00104454-00104675 time away but you know by actually being
pj_PbOpJN3k-00454-00104676-00104794 on the treatment works and with the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00455-00104795-00104975 treatment works operators that you know
pj_PbOpJN3k-00456-00104976-00105227 the range of sort of people we had and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00457-00105228-00105316 the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00458-00105317-00105502 um enthusiasm of everybody was just
pj_PbOpJN3k-00459-00105503-00105707 really key
pj_PbOpJN3k-00460-00105708-00105893 that's really good to hear and I think
pj_PbOpJN3k-00461-00105894-00106060 that that's definitely something that we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00462-00106061-00106331 want to build on for future festivals is
pj_PbOpJN3k-00463-00106332-00106595 actually being able being inclusive to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00464-00106596-00106913 actually have uh the ability to have all
pj_PbOpJN3k-00465-00106914-00107039 sorts of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00466-00107040-00107345 um different people part of the Sprints
pj_PbOpJN3k-00467-00107346-00107584 people who perhaps ordinarily wouldn't
pj_PbOpJN3k-00468-00107585-00107771 be able to get involved so it sounded
pj_PbOpJN3k-00469-00107772-00107969 like that was a as you say one of the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00470-00107970-00108178 the real successes of of this particular
pj_PbOpJN3k-00471-00108179-00108395 Sprint which is really really good to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00472-00108396-00108731 hear so how are you taking some of these
pj_PbOpJN3k-00473-00108732-00108934 ideas forward
pj_PbOpJN3k-00474-00108935-00109090 well that's probably where we have come
pj_PbOpJN3k-00475-00109091-00109366 a little bit unstuck so um and I guess
pj_PbOpJN3k-00476-00109367-00109493 that's the difficulty with the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00477-00109494-00109666 operational teams is that we had a very
pj_PbOpJN3k-00478-00109667-00109960 busy summer so I'd um
pj_PbOpJN3k-00479-00109961-00110140 I don't think we've really progressed
pj_PbOpJN3k-00480-00110141-00110377 very far I think everybody is is Keen to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00481-00110378-00110651 and maybe where I need to come to Nigel
pj_PbOpJN3k-00482-00110652-00110878 because it's sort of an is type solution
pj_PbOpJN3k-00483-00110879-00111263 so I might need Nigel's help but um yeah
pj_PbOpJN3k-00484-00111264-00111449 it that's what that's probably the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00485-00111450-00111689 difficult thing is is the you know on
pj_PbOpJN3k-00486-00111690-00112007 the day we we we got what we needed we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00487-00112008-00112169 had some really great enthusiasm but
pj_PbOpJN3k-00488-00112170-00112343 it's finding that it's it's the time and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00489-00112344-00112636 finding that after the Sprint to take
pj_PbOpJN3k-00490-00112638-00112936 those further those foot further forward
pj_PbOpJN3k-00491-00112938-00113249 I took I do totally empathize and as you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00492-00113250-00113471 rightly point out we did have as a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00493-00113472-00113789 business a very challenging summer so uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-00494-00113790-00114034 so it's not surprising that perhaps uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-00495-00114035-00114221 this got put on the back burner a little
pj_PbOpJN3k-00496-00114222-00114425 bit but you know what the great thing is
pj_PbOpJN3k-00497-00114426-00114677 is that that this up this conversation
pj_PbOpJN3k-00498-00114678-00114881 has given us an opportunity to flag that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00499-00114882-00115084 yes perhaps a little bit of help and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00500-00115085-00115349 support is needed to uh to nudge those
pj_PbOpJN3k-00501-00115350-00115601 great ideas that you had forward so we'd
pj_PbOpJN3k-00502-00115602-00115810 be very much up for hearing about what
pj_PbOpJN3k-00503-00115811-00116158 help we can uh Supply in order to uh to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00504-00116159-00116369 accelerate those ideas forward a little
pj_PbOpJN3k-00505-00116370-00116602 bit further hopefully we're in for a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00506-00116603-00116801 nice run during this winter so fingers
pj_PbOpJN3k-00507-00116802-00116890 crossed
pj_PbOpJN3k-00508-00116891-00117160 yes that would be great
pj_PbOpJN3k-00509-00117161-00117347 fantastic so we'll definitely be in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00510-00117348-00117665 touch to uh to see how we can uh help
pj_PbOpJN3k-00511-00117666-00117899 and and support those ideas moving
pj_PbOpJN3k-00512-00117900-00118175 forward what sounds like overall uh you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00513-00118176-00118384 know a really brilliant start and some
pj_PbOpJN3k-00514-00118385-00118643 really uh you know very rich places for
pj_PbOpJN3k-00515-00118644-00118883 us to look to find some efficiencies and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00516-00118883-00119110 to improve how we do things
pj_PbOpJN3k-00517-00119111-00119260 yeah definitely
pj_PbOpJN3k-00518-00119261-00119399 cool well thank you very much and thank
pj_PbOpJN3k-00519-00119400-00119639 you everybody who was part of that flush
pj_PbOpJN3k-00520-00119640-00119908 with with data Sprint sounds like an
pj_PbOpJN3k-00521-00119909-00120221 absolutely uh fantastic Sprint
pj_PbOpJN3k-00522-00120222-00120443 so without further Ado we're going to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00523-00120444-00120736 stay in the uh in the Essex and Suffolk
pj_PbOpJN3k-00524-00120738-00120904 region and we're going to move over now
pj_PbOpJN3k-00525-00120905-00121139 uh to Luke Stockdale who's going to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00526-00121140-00121397 share with us what went on in his Stop
pj_PbOpJN3k-00527-00121398-00121631 The Clock Sprint
pj_PbOpJN3k-00528-00121632-00121901 thank you Angela good morning everybody
pj_PbOpJN3k-00529-00121902-00122171 um yeah I was I was a co-lead on our on
pj_PbOpJN3k-00530-00122172-00122308 our Stop The Clock Sprint which was
pj_PbOpJN3k-00531-00122309-00122440 looking at
pj_PbOpJN3k-00532-00122441-00122752 um how we can improve our already
pj_PbOpJN3k-00533-00122753-00123131 already industry leading performance in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00534-00123132-00123358 um customer Supply interruptions
pj_PbOpJN3k-00535-00123359-00123557 um obviously it's a really really
pj_PbOpJN3k-00536-00123558-00123815 difficult subject because we are already
pj_PbOpJN3k-00537-00123816-00124078 doing so well in in The Wider industry
pj_PbOpJN3k-00538-00124079-00124295 and we have been for the past few years
pj_PbOpJN3k-00539-00124296-00124589 but how can we actually improve upon
pj_PbOpJN3k-00540-00124590-00124745 that even more and obviously our
pj_PbOpJN3k-00541-00124746-00125051 regulatory targets for this measure
pj_PbOpJN3k-00542-00125052-00125213 um they're not standing still you know
pj_PbOpJN3k-00543-00125214-00125531 off what are are slowly reducing those
pj_PbOpJN3k-00544-00125532-00125813 um those targets accordingly um so it is
pj_PbOpJN3k-00545-00125814-00126004 proving more and more difficult for us
pj_PbOpJN3k-00546-00126005-00126275 to to reach those targets so what we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00547-00126276-00126431 wanted to do was
pj_PbOpJN3k-00548-00126432-00126731 um really set the scene around you know
pj_PbOpJN3k-00549-00126732-00126958 what current processes have allowed us
pj_PbOpJN3k-00550-00126959-00127283 to achieve up to up to now
pj_PbOpJN3k-00551-00127283-00127697 um but also with regards to the um the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00552-00127698-00127889 financial reward and penalty mechanism
pj_PbOpJN3k-00553-00127890-00128327 as well we had quite a large
pj_PbOpJN3k-00554-00128328-00128597 um operational influence within our
pj_PbOpJN3k-00555-00128598-00128801 within our Sprint
pj_PbOpJN3k-00556-00128802-00128981 um Sprint group
pj_PbOpJN3k-00557-00128982-00129310 um which is fantastic we had also
pj_PbOpJN3k-00558-00129311-00129521 um a couple of people smattering of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00559-00129522-00129814 people from external companies from
pj_PbOpJN3k-00560-00129815-00129923 um
pj_PbOpJN3k-00561-00129924-00130307 um other sort of data-led Consultants as
pj_PbOpJN3k-00562-00130308-00130528 well but it was very much largely driven
pj_PbOpJN3k-00563-00130529-00130727 by our own operational stuff which was
pj_PbOpJN3k-00564-00130728-00130907 deliberate because we felt that they
pj_PbOpJN3k-00565-00130908-00131164 were there at the coal face they want to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00566-00131165-00131363 have an input into how they can improve
pj_PbOpJN3k-00567-00131364-00131602 their performance in order to for us to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00568-00131603-00131789 re continuously reach our targets every
pj_PbOpJN3k-00569-00131790-00131914 year
pj_PbOpJN3k-00570-00131915-00132089 um so the first day as I said was was
pj_PbOpJN3k-00571-00132090-00132328 really then setting the scene around you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00572-00132329-00132551 know what we've done up to now
pj_PbOpJN3k-00573-00132552-00132881 um all of our attendees learn how
pj_PbOpJN3k-00574-00132882-00133097 um our performance driven finances can
pj_PbOpJN3k-00575-00133098-00133331 actually swing anywhere between 10
pj_PbOpJN3k-00576-00133332-00133528 million pounds in regulatory reward
pj_PbOpJN3k-00577-00133529-00133751 right up to 80 18 million pounds in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00578-00133752-00134051 regulatory penalty as well roughly Works
pj_PbOpJN3k-00579-00134052-00134345 about to 49 000 pounds difference for
pj_PbOpJN3k-00580-00134346-00134554 every second that we add to that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00581-00134555-00134716 interruptions to the supply performance
pj_PbOpJN3k-00582-00134717-00134963 so considerable amounts of money just
pj_PbOpJN3k-00583-00134964-00135202 based on you know small small amounts of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00584-00135203-00135347 time
pj_PbOpJN3k-00585-00135348-00135539 um those large large amounts of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00586-00135540-00135707 discussion around the pressures about
pj_PbOpJN3k-00587-00135708-00135911 you know obviously keeping that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00588-00135912-00136043 interruption
pj_PbOpJN3k-00589-00136044-00136307 time down for customers
pj_PbOpJN3k-00590-00136308-00136589 um largely under the three hour Mark
pj_PbOpJN3k-00591-00136590-00136835 um but also you know the the additional
pj_PbOpJN3k-00592-00136836-00137027 constraints to that so you know it's not
pj_PbOpJN3k-00593-00137028-00137177 just this Interruption measure that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00594-00137178-00137483 we're we're looking at it's about
pj_PbOpJN3k-00595-00137484-00137723 um reduce the number of burst Mains as
pj_PbOpJN3k-00596-00137724-00137890 well that feeds into that the amount of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00597-00137891-00138107 leakage that is coming as a result of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00598-00138108-00138304 that Interruption as well
pj_PbOpJN3k-00599-00138305-00138473 um and then we also had a demonstration
pj_PbOpJN3k-00600-00138474-00138593 of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00601-00138594-00138749 um what's called the Moby that's been
pj_PbOpJN3k-00602-00138750-00138916 well documented over over the company
pj_PbOpJN3k-00603-00138917-00139061 over the last few months and how
pj_PbOpJN3k-00604-00139062-00139228 successful that has been so it's
pj_PbOpJN3k-00605-00139229-00139402 essentially a mobile
pj_PbOpJN3k-00606-00139403-00139601 um a glorified water tank I suppose it's
pj_PbOpJN3k-00607-00139602-00139889 a pressurized water tank that that is um
pj_PbOpJN3k-00608-00139890-00140201 portable and we use those to enable us
pj_PbOpJN3k-00609-00140202-00140464 to maintain supplies for customers and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00610-00140465-00140747 therefore those customers would not be
pj_PbOpJN3k-00611-00140748-00140921 included into this Interruption to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00612-00140922-00141125 supply measure and obviously reducing
pj_PbOpJN3k-00613-00141126-00141287 the time where a customer you know
pj_PbOpJN3k-00614-00141288-00141601 before the Mobi was available might be
pj_PbOpJN3k-00615-00141602-00141863 interrupted for three hours we might
pj_PbOpJN3k-00616-00141864-00141995 have reduced that to an hour so
pj_PbOpJN3k-00617-00141996-00142151 fantastic customer service all around
pj_PbOpJN3k-00618-00142152-00142397 there and that really then
pj_PbOpJN3k-00619-00142398-00142571 um helped
pj_PbOpJN3k-00620-00142572-00142847 um us moving to day two where
pj_PbOpJN3k-00621-00142848-00143116 um our groups were expected to put more
pj_PbOpJN3k-00622-00143117-00143428 meat on the bones around ideas
pj_PbOpJN3k-00623-00143429-00143663 um and we were to judge each individual
pj_PbOpJN3k-00624-00143664-00143831 idea of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00625-00143832-00143902 um
pj_PbOpJN3k-00626-00143903-00144340 you know how how uh people felt that we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00627-00144341-00144551 could improve upon that that performance
pj_PbOpJN3k-00628-00144552-00144778 and reducing that um Interruption time
pj_PbOpJN3k-00629-00144779-00144983 um as much as possible and we probably
pj_PbOpJN3k-00630-00144984-00145193 are talking about the marginal gains
pj_PbOpJN3k-00631-00145194-00145402 here you know it's not like
pj_PbOpJN3k-00632-00145403-00145613 um leakage for example where we know we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00633-00145614-00145714 have a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00634-00145715-00145931 um quite a way to go to achieve a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00635-00145932-00146063 performance commitment Target and this
pj_PbOpJN3k-00636-00146064-00146201 is all about the marginal gains because
pj_PbOpJN3k-00637-00146202-00146549 we are so good at um our interruptions
pj_PbOpJN3k-00638-00146550-00146681 to supply
pj_PbOpJN3k-00639-00146682-00146897 um performance so far
pj_PbOpJN3k-00640-00146898-00147154 um and what we had was we had four
pj_PbOpJN3k-00641-00147155-00147328 fantastic
pj_PbOpJN3k-00642-00147329-00147497 um ideas
pj_PbOpJN3k-00643-00147498-00147677 um but all with similar underlying
pj_PbOpJN3k-00644-00147678-00147928 themes so like Joe mentioned earlier
pj_PbOpJN3k-00645-00147929-00148157 um all four of our ideas are very very
pj_PbOpJN3k-00646-00148158-00148499 much intertwined and so much so that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00647-00148500-00148702 um yes we did Judge each each idea
pj_PbOpJN3k-00648-00148703-00148913 individually there was an individual
pj_PbOpJN3k-00649-00148914-00149123 winner at the end of the second day as
pj_PbOpJN3k-00650-00149124-00149369 well in terms of the idea but actually
pj_PbOpJN3k-00651-00149370-00149639 what we said was we wanted to take all
pj_PbOpJN3k-00652-00149640-00149878 four ideas forward as well because we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00653-00149879-00150095 each felt that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00654-00150096-00150166 um
pj_PbOpJN3k-00655-00150167-00150419 the the the gains the benefits from each
pj_PbOpJN3k-00656-00150420-00150635 idea would be would be
pj_PbOpJN3k-00657-00150636-00150839 um significant by themselves but even
pj_PbOpJN3k-00658-00150840-00151025 more significant as a collective and and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00659-00151026-00151325 they really fed in to each other nicely
pj_PbOpJN3k-00660-00151326-00151523 um those four ideas three of them were
pj_PbOpJN3k-00661-00151524-00151673 largely operational
pj_PbOpJN3k-00662-00151674-00151883 um and one was Data LED
pj_PbOpJN3k-00663-00151884-00152099 um the data-led idea
pj_PbOpJN3k-00664-00152100-00152351 um was essentially uh an app or a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00665-00152352-00152633 dashboard that all employees all
pj_PbOpJN3k-00666-00152634-00152837 relevant stakeholders interested in the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00667-00152838-00153149 interruptions Supply can actually use
pj_PbOpJN3k-00668-00153150-00153461 um live to see how long each event has
pj_PbOpJN3k-00669-00153462-00153628 been running for from the moment that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00670-00153629-00153839 Interruption begins
pj_PbOpJN3k-00671-00153840-00154121 um each stage of a of a resolution you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00672-00154122-00154295 know where we are with a fix a lot along
pj_PbOpJN3k-00673-00154296-00154439 the lines of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00674-00154440-00154709 um how our leakage portal
pj_PbOpJN3k-00675-00154710-00154925 um is providing information both
pj_PbOpJN3k-00676-00154926-00155104 internally and externally to us you know
pj_PbOpJN3k-00677-00155105-00155435 each stage of the repair and and the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00678-00155436-00155585 effect that has on our overall
pj_PbOpJN3k-00679-00155586-00155873 interruptions to supply performance and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00680-00155874-00156059 ultimately that could then end up being
pj_PbOpJN3k-00681-00156060-00156233 a customer service mechanism in the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00682-00156234-00156437 future as well so fantastic
pj_PbOpJN3k-00683-00156438-00156785 um potential there and then the three
pj_PbOpJN3k-00684-00156786-00157019 I suppose more simple ideas and I'm not
pj_PbOpJN3k-00685-00157020-00157204 saying that in a you know in in a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00686-00157205-00157337 negative way you know the best
pj_PbOpJN3k-00687-00157338-00157619 Innovations are the most simple ones so
pj_PbOpJN3k-00688-00157620-00157733 um you know these are things that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00689-00157734-00157901 potentially we could start to get off
pj_PbOpJN3k-00690-00157902-00158075 the ground very very quickly
pj_PbOpJN3k-00691-00158076-00158243 um the first one of those would be to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00692-00158244-00158459 utilize existing
pj_PbOpJN3k-00693-00158460-00158704 um water company sites so if um areas
pj_PbOpJN3k-00694-00158705-00158902 like water towers reservoirs you know
pj_PbOpJN3k-00695-00158903-00159059 that are secure
pj_PbOpJN3k-00696-00159060-00159304 um but we may just have a um a storage
pj_PbOpJN3k-00697-00159305-00159490 container in there to store relevant
pj_PbOpJN3k-00698-00159491-00159851 fittings equipment barriers more local
pj_PbOpJN3k-00699-00159852-00160211 to certain jobs to reduce that amount of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00700-00160212-00160469 time traveling or you know the the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00701-00160470-00160631 amount of time spent planning the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00702-00160632-00160883 logistical element of um of a certain
pj_PbOpJN3k-00703-00160884-00161014 job
pj_PbOpJN3k-00704-00161015-00161183 um you know it might be that an hour is
pj_PbOpJN3k-00705-00161184-00161381 spent of that potential three-hour
pj_PbOpJN3k-00706-00161382-00161549 Interruption just traveling backwards
pj_PbOpJN3k-00707-00161550-00161663 and forwards from a certain site
pj_PbOpJN3k-00708-00161664-00161861 Gathering relevant materials
pj_PbOpJN3k-00709-00161862-00162028 um if there is a closer satellite site
pj_PbOpJN3k-00710-00162029-00162257 nearby that can reduce that time by half
pj_PbOpJN3k-00711-00162258-00162443 then that's you know that's going to be
pj_PbOpJN3k-00712-00162444-00162778 a massive benefit in in itself this
pj_PbOpJN3k-00713-00162779-00163066 second operational idea was having
pj_PbOpJN3k-00714-00163067-00163387 um within a a two-man
pj_PbOpJN3k-00715-00163388-00163631 DMO crew that actually digs the holes
pj_PbOpJN3k-00716-00163632-00163745 and repairs
pj_PbOpJN3k-00717-00163746-00164002 um repairs our assets we'd actually have
pj_PbOpJN3k-00718-00164003-00164278 a third man in in that DMO crew that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00719-00164279-00164537 would be deployed to actually answer any
pj_PbOpJN3k-00720-00164538-00164771 customer contact and act as like a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00721-00164772-00164987 liaison officer between
pj_PbOpJN3k-00722-00164988-00165311 um you know the office and the field
pj_PbOpJN3k-00723-00165312-00165521 um and what that will allow us to do is
pj_PbOpJN3k-00724-00165522-00165754 it allows the crew to then solely focus
pj_PbOpJN3k-00725-00165755-00165964 on their job of repairing that main as
pj_PbOpJN3k-00726-00165965-00166187 efficiently as possible and optimizing
pj_PbOpJN3k-00727-00166188-00166402 the amount of time that it takes
pj_PbOpJN3k-00728-00166403-00166625 um a lot of the guys that we had in in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00729-00166626-00166871 our group actually said on average
pj_PbOpJN3k-00730-00166872-00167107 customers coming up to the crew
pj_PbOpJN3k-00731-00167108-00167404 interrupting their work and asking
pj_PbOpJN3k-00732-00167405-00167507 um when are they going to be finished
pj_PbOpJN3k-00733-00167508-00167759 for example on average it takes around
pj_PbOpJN3k-00734-00167760-00168052 45 to 50 minutes of their time on site
pj_PbOpJN3k-00735-00168053-00168490 so a significant proportion of of that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00736-00168491-00168766 potential Interruption time
pj_PbOpJN3k-00737-00168767-00168935 um so obviously that that third person
pj_PbOpJN3k-00738-00168936-00169240 in in that situation would allow
pj_PbOpJN3k-00739-00169241-00169547 um we would hopefully take that element
pj_PbOpJN3k-00740-00169548-00169847 that that 45 minute delay away from that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00741-00169848-00170087 overall Interruption and the third
pj_PbOpJN3k-00742-00170088-00170459 operational idea was um for our leakage
pj_PbOpJN3k-00743-00170460-00170669 technicians to get involved in in you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00744-00170670-00170897 know whenever they're actively surveying
pj_PbOpJN3k-00745-00170898-00171101 an area for leaks you know they're
pj_PbOpJN3k-00746-00171102-00171401 they're sounding on Valves and lifting
pj_PbOpJN3k-00747-00171402-00171551 valve covers and things like that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00748-00171552-00171749 they're actually proactively identifying
pj_PbOpJN3k-00749-00171750-00172102 valves of concern so so you know act
pj_PbOpJN3k-00750-00172103-00172426 when the time comes for
pj_PbOpJN3k-00751-00172427-00172613 um there being an interruption in that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00752-00172614-00172925 certain area a lot of time again is then
pj_PbOpJN3k-00753-00172926-00173278 cleaning valves out that perhaps are not
pj_PbOpJN3k-00754-00173279-00173483 um immediately operational you know
pj_PbOpJN3k-00755-00173484-00173789 there's a lot of time there
pj_PbOpJN3k-00756-00173790-00174016 um clearing them out with debris and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00757-00174017-00174281 Chambers out of debris and and dirt and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00758-00174282-00174443 things like that to actually enable the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00759-00174444-00174707 operation of the valve if there is an
pj_PbOpJN3k-00760-00174708-00174940 identification process where you know we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00761-00174941-00175097 do have leakage technicians actively
pj_PbOpJN3k-00762-00175098-00175283 checking these valves anyway
pj_PbOpJN3k-00763-00175284-00175475 it could be utilizing existing
pj_PbOpJN3k-00764-00175476-00175654 technology that we have already so like
pj_PbOpJN3k-00765-00175655-00175816 the gis collector app for example
pj_PbOpJN3k-00766-00175817-00175978 marking them on that collector app
pj_PbOpJN3k-00767-00175979-00176207 identifying that that actually that that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00768-00176208-00176401 valve needs a particular
pj_PbOpJN3k-00769-00176402-00176657 cleaning mechanism or or something like
pj_PbOpJN3k-00770-00176658-00176957 that it just helps maintain our assets
pj_PbOpJN3k-00771-00176958-00177202 more effectively and again it just
pj_PbOpJN3k-00772-00177203-00177419 ultimately reduces that time spent in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00773-00177420-00177526 just
pj_PbOpJN3k-00774-00177527-00177869 um you know not not needing to clean a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00775-00177870-00178066 valve when it's immediately required you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00776-00178067-00178223 know when that clock is already ticking
pj_PbOpJN3k-00777-00178224-00178463 so it's just about making that process
pj_PbOpJN3k-00778-00178464-00178654 more efficient
pj_PbOpJN3k-00779-00178655-00178775 um
pj_PbOpJN3k-00780-00178776-00179057 in terms of of how we've progressed
pj_PbOpJN3k-00781-00179058-00179273 those four ideas
pj_PbOpJN3k-00782-00179274-00179471 um very much along the same lines as
pj_PbOpJN3k-00783-00179472-00179687 what Joe has mentioned you know the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00784-00179688-00179866 summer that we've had has been very very
pj_PbOpJN3k-00785-00179867-00180028 very challenging
pj_PbOpJN3k-00786-00180029-00180226 um in respect to burst Mains in respect
pj_PbOpJN3k-00787-00180227-00180413 to Interruption performance you know it
pj_PbOpJN3k-00788-00180414-00180575 has dropped off recently so obviously
pj_PbOpJN3k-00789-00180576-00180869 this is still very very much
pj_PbOpJN3k-00790-00180870-00181043 um and an important thing that we need
pj_PbOpJN3k-00791-00181044-00181264 to do and also the focus on leakage that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00792-00181265-00181516 we've had as well the focus on drought
pj_PbOpJN3k-00793-00181517-00181733 restrictions obviously feeding into
pj_PbOpJN3k-00794-00181734-00181937 um you know the its and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00795-00181938-00182237 um the its performance and the whole
pj_PbOpJN3k-00796-00182238-00182447 um because customer perception external
pj_PbOpJN3k-00797-00182448-00182657 perception of that as well
pj_PbOpJN3k-00798-00182658-00182837 um we haven't been in a position to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00799-00182838-00183023 progress any of those ideas as quickly
pj_PbOpJN3k-00800-00183024-00183337 as we would like the operational ideas
pj_PbOpJN3k-00801-00183338-00183683 are obviously some of that that we can
pj_PbOpJN3k-00802-00183684-00183983 look at fairly quickly I think we should
pj_PbOpJN3k-00803-00183984-00184157 be in a position actually to take a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00804-00184158-00184378 couple of those forward within the next
pj_PbOpJN3k-00805-00184379-00184649 month or so I would like to think the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00806-00184650-00184876 data-led idea of the app obviously needs
pj_PbOpJN3k-00807-00184877-00185075 a little bit more work but I think we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00808-00185076-00185387 can we can look to progress that and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00809-00185388-00185554 then certainly get into a position where
pj_PbOpJN3k-00810-00185555-00185711 we can share more certainly by the end
pj_PbOpJN3k-00811-00185712-00185981 of the year but there's no real data and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00812-00185982-00186173 no real detail unfortunately as to how
pj_PbOpJN3k-00813-00186174-00186293 we've progressed
pj_PbOpJN3k-00814-00186294-00186557 um I'm afraid but but we are we are
pj_PbOpJN3k-00815-00186558-00186887 confident in in terms of what we can do
pj_PbOpJN3k-00816-00186888-00187066 um certainly by the end of the year to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00817-00187067-00187276 to actually move forward with with each
pj_PbOpJN3k-00818-00187277-00187726 of those four ideas
pj_PbOpJN3k-00819-00187727-00188009 thanks for that Luke it sounds like your
pj_PbOpJN3k-00820-00188010-00188278 Sprint really identified some really
pj_PbOpJN3k-00821-00188279-00188543 really good insights that are indeed
pj_PbOpJN3k-00822-00188544-00188831 very actionable uh so it's as you're
pj_PbOpJN3k-00823-00188832-00189101 outlined and a challenging summer but
pj_PbOpJN3k-00824-00189102-00189328 hopefully now uh we'll have a little bit
pj_PbOpJN3k-00825-00189329-00189485 of a run where you can actually then
pj_PbOpJN3k-00826-00189486-00189719 Implement some of these and and put them
pj_PbOpJN3k-00827-00189720-00190061 into operation to to really save those
pj_PbOpJN3k-00828-00190062-00190343 vital seconds and minutes that that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00829-00190344-00190552 really do make all the difference with
pj_PbOpJN3k-00830-00190553-00190859 regards to uh to the uh the reward
pj_PbOpJN3k-00831-00190860-00191116 situation we've also had a question in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00832-00191117-00191243 the chat there somebody saying that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00833-00191244-00191495 they'd love to know more about Moby and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00834-00191496-00191704 indeed this has been um I love the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00835-00191705-00192004 passion that is in your team anyway
pj_PbOpJN3k-00836-00192005-00192214 um and uh and Moby was one of those
pj_PbOpJN3k-00837-00192215-00192431 brilliant um innovations that was
pj_PbOpJN3k-00838-00192432-00192731 inspired uh from one of your staff at a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00839-00192732-00193043 trade show and he really has shown such
pj_PbOpJN3k-00840-00193044-00193264 dedication to getting that particular
pj_PbOpJN3k-00841-00193265-00193475 Innovation up and running so maybe you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00842-00193476-00193601 want to just say a few minutes about
pj_PbOpJN3k-00843-00193602-00193823 that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00844-00193824-00193883 um
pj_PbOpJN3k-00845-00193884-00194171 yeah I mean I can I can put in um I can
pj_PbOpJN3k-00846-00194172-00194369 I can share a link as well
pj_PbOpJN3k-00847-00194370-00194590 um to to to the basis of that but yes
pj_PbOpJN3k-00848-00194591-00195011 it's right it has it has stemmed from
pj_PbOpJN3k-00849-00195012-00195281 um a a previous idea Innovation that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00850-00195282-00195454 essentially started as a as a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00851-00195455-00195731 pressurized tank within a wheelie bin
pj_PbOpJN3k-00852-00195732-00195952 um with some pipe work coming off it and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00853-00195953-00196199 and what that allows what that allowed
pj_PbOpJN3k-00854-00196200-00196409 us to do was to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00855-00196410-00196564 um you know something portable that can
pj_PbOpJN3k-00856-00196565-00196919 maintain supplies rather than connecting
pj_PbOpJN3k-00857-00196920-00197113 um what's called novaland Rider to to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00858-00197114-00197363 hydrants or wash out on our own network
pj_PbOpJN3k-00859-00197364-00197597 we can actually connect these portable
pj_PbOpJN3k-00860-00197598-00197759 tanks directly to the customer's
pj_PbOpJN3k-00861-00197760-00197969 property so it might be even you know in
pj_PbOpJN3k-00862-00197970-00198149 in more rural
pj_PbOpJN3k-00863-00198150-00198328 um areas these would be worth their
pj_PbOpJN3k-00864-00198329-00198502 weight in gold because you know we can't
pj_PbOpJN3k-00865-00198503-00198821 always reach every single customer based
pj_PbOpJN3k-00866-00198822-00199025 on the Topography of the of the land or
pj_PbOpJN3k-00867-00199026-00199235 or or the way that the network is set up
pj_PbOpJN3k-00868-00199236-00199445 with regards to pressure
pj_PbOpJN3k-00869-00199446-00199678 um having you know a customer having its
pj_PbOpJN3k-00870-00199679-00199978 own tank I suppose its own individual
pj_PbOpJN3k-00871-00199979-00200207 supplies helped us reduce the number of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00872-00200208-00200447 properties that have encountered an
pj_PbOpJN3k-00873-00200448-00200675 interruption to supply and ultimately it
pj_PbOpJN3k-00874-00200676-00200909 improves our performance as well
pj_PbOpJN3k-00875-00200910-00201221 um that that wheelie bin has now evolved
pj_PbOpJN3k-00876-00201222-00201473 um into a more
pj_PbOpJN3k-00877-00201474-00201700 um uh rugged
pj_PbOpJN3k-00878-00201701-00202019 um weather proof I suppose if you like
pj_PbOpJN3k-00879-00202020-00202085 um
pj_PbOpJN3k-00880-00202086-00202199 sort of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00881-00202200-00202349 shell
pj_PbOpJN3k-00882-00202350-00202637 um it's a lot easier to transport on the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00883-00202638-00202835 back of a of a trailer
pj_PbOpJN3k-00884-00202836-00203087 um just more refined and more
pj_PbOpJN3k-00885-00203088-00203266 um more
pj_PbOpJN3k-00886-00203267-00203495 um accessible I suppose and we do have a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00887-00203496-00203633 large number of these now within the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00888-00203634-00203831 business and we've shared internally the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00889-00203832-00204209 successes of of of of the Moby
pj_PbOpJN3k-00890-00204210-00204473 um you know reducing uh either the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00891-00204474-00204671 minutes lost to to interruptions and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00892-00204672-00204803 obviously from a customer service
pj_PbOpJN3k-00893-00204804-00205121 perspective as well you know for for an
pj_PbOpJN3k-00894-00205121-00205271 Essex and Suffolk water northumbering
pj_PbOpJN3k-00895-00205271-00205403 water Vans to turn up with their own
pj_PbOpJN3k-00896-00205404-00205679 personal Supply almost you know for me
pj_PbOpJN3k-00897-00205680-00205882 you know if I experience that as a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00898-00205883-00206134 customer I would be very very impressed
pj_PbOpJN3k-00899-00206135-00206338 um to you know and felt that I was being
pj_PbOpJN3k-00900-00206339-00206548 looked after and cared for from a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00901-00206550-00206794 customer service aspect so
pj_PbOpJN3k-00902-00206796-00207077 um yeah it's been supremely beneficial
pj_PbOpJN3k-00903-00207078-00207214 um for us
pj_PbOpJN3k-00904-00207215-00207431 um and it's it's a prime example of what
pj_PbOpJN3k-00905-00207432-00207694 we can do when we do work with external
pj_PbOpJN3k-00906-00207696-00207886 companies and and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00907-00207887-00208132 um innovative ideas that again aren't
pj_PbOpJN3k-00908-00208133-00208481 you know hugely technologically advanced
pj_PbOpJN3k-00909-00208482-00208660 but actually it's the more simple ideas
pj_PbOpJN3k-00910-00208661-00208901 that you know we can adapt to our own
pj_PbOpJN3k-00911-00208902-00209188 situation and um you know at the end of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00912-00209189-00209351 the day we now have a product that we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00913-00209352-00209434 use
pj_PbOpJN3k-00914-00209435-00209638 um fairly regularly you know I would
pj_PbOpJN3k-00915-00209639-00209873 probably say pretty much every day
pj_PbOpJN3k-00916-00209873-00210065 yeah I know I can see in Yama that the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00917-00210066-00210394 Mobis are being used uh used a lot now
pj_PbOpJN3k-00918-00210396-00210617 which is really really good to see so
pj_PbOpJN3k-00919-00210617-00210767 that little bit of seed funding
pj_PbOpJN3k-00920-00210767-00210982 investment that we gave many years ago
pj_PbOpJN3k-00921-00210983-00211187 uh is really yeah bearing some fruit
pj_PbOpJN3k-00922-00211188-00211373 which is brilliant to see so thank you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00923-00211373-00211582 very much for that update and I wish you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00924-00211583-00211829 well with uh bringing those ideas uh to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00925-00211830-00211919 life
pj_PbOpJN3k-00926-00211919-00212141 so now we are now going to switch gears
pj_PbOpJN3k-00927-00212142-00212410 and we're going to move over to Elena
pj_PbOpJN3k-00928-00212411-00212663 Clement from uh from Ordnance survey
pj_PbOpJN3k-00929-00212664-00212819 who's going to tell us more a little
pj_PbOpJN3k-00930-00212819-00213071 about an inspector call Sprint over to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00931-00213071-00213184 you Elena
pj_PbOpJN3k-00932-00213185-00213551 hi thank you Angela so um I was at the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00933-00213552-00213731 Innovation Festival like Angela said
pj_PbOpJN3k-00934-00213732-00213958 with ordnance survey alongside us some
pj_PbOpJN3k-00935-00213959-00214198 varsity companies so uh geoplace and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00936-00214200-00214432 geovation where we were working on the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00937-00214433-00214631 unin spectacles Sprint which was with
pj_PbOpJN3k-00938-00214632-00214817 the water regulations teams at
pj_PbOpJN3k-00939-00214817-00214960 northumbrian and some other water
pj_PbOpJN3k-00940-00214961-00215123 companies
pj_PbOpJN3k-00941-00215123-00215255 um so this is a team that are
pj_PbOpJN3k-00942-00215256-00215477 responsible for organizing inspectors to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00943-00215478-00215651 go out to organizations particularly
pj_PbOpJN3k-00944-00215652-00215921 high priority ones and just inspecting
pj_PbOpJN3k-00945-00215921-00216089 those to ensure that the water supply is
pj_PbOpJN3k-00946-00216090-00216329 not being contaminated and is safe to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00947-00216330-00216521 drink for everyone so really vital work
pj_PbOpJN3k-00948-00216521-00216689 but work you don't really often hear
pj_PbOpJN3k-00949-00216690-00216905 about or consider so much but they're
pj_PbOpJN3k-00950-00216906-00217037 doing such an important job so it was
pj_PbOpJN3k-00951-00217038-00217229 really great to get to work with them
pj_PbOpJN3k-00952-00217230-00217492 so in terms of An Inspector Calls the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00953-00217494-00217696 Sprint itself we started off with a kind
pj_PbOpJN3k-00954-00217698-00217955 of Deep dive into the current process so
pj_PbOpJN3k-00955-00217956-00218123 we were really lucky at this print to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00956-00218123-00218284 get people from a range of water
pj_PbOpJN3k-00957-00218285-00218494 companies there so from northumbrian as
pj_PbOpJN3k-00958-00218496-00218771 well as other water companies who worked
pj_PbOpJN3k-00959-00218771-00219017 both in those water regulations teams
pj_PbOpJN3k-00960-00219017-00219269 and in other teams as well as well as
pj_PbOpJN3k-00961-00219269-00219467 some other kind of non-water companies
pj_PbOpJN3k-00962-00219467-00219725 as well such as retailers so in order to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00963-00219726-00219953 bring everyone up to the same page I
pj_PbOpJN3k-00964-00219954-00220144 guess we had some good activities
pj_PbOpJN3k-00965-00220146-00220265 looking at the kind of work the
pj_PbOpJN3k-00966-00220266-00220487 inspectors do which was really an
pj_PbOpJN3k-00967-00220488-00220679 eye-opening for me especially because I
pj_PbOpJN3k-00968-00220680-00220817 obviously I don't come from a water
pj_PbOpJN3k-00969-00220817-00221032 background at all um so getting to look
pj_PbOpJN3k-00970-00221033-00221194 at the kind of contraventions that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00971-00221196-00221458 inspectors find was interesting and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00972-00221459-00221687 quite gross so that was that was a good
pj_PbOpJN3k-00973-00221688-00221860 activity
pj_PbOpJN3k-00974-00221861-00222029 um we kind of then did a deep dive into
pj_PbOpJN3k-00975-00222030-00222227 the process that exists currently both
pj_PbOpJN3k-00976-00222228-00222389 at northumbrian and other water
pj_PbOpJN3k-00977-00222390-00222646 companies so looking at how do we
pj_PbOpJN3k-00978-00222648-00222856 currently kind of collate the data that
pj_PbOpJN3k-00979-00222857-00223108 tells inspectors where to visit
pj_PbOpJN3k-00980-00223109-00223265 um and what are the key pain points here
pj_PbOpJN3k-00981-00223266-00223432 so when we were looking at the pain
pj_PbOpJN3k-00982-00223433-00223606 points and prioritizing them it
pj_PbOpJN3k-00983-00223607-00223858 consistently came back and back to data
pj_PbOpJN3k-00984-00223859-00224177 so looking at the quality of the data so
pj_PbOpJN3k-00985-00224178-00224356 quite often the data was very out of
pj_PbOpJN3k-00986-00224357-00224608 date so the data often that these teams
pj_PbOpJN3k-00987-00224609-00224842 have to use is up to six years old so
pj_PbOpJN3k-00988-00224844-00225071 for example if you're kind of trying to
pj_PbOpJN3k-00989-00225071-00225232 organize an inspection or six-year-old
pj_PbOpJN3k-00990-00225233-00225425 data is quite often you'll turn off at
pj_PbOpJN3k-00991-00225426-00225610 the address and either it's got a
pj_PbOpJN3k-00992-00225611-00225803 completely different purpose now so you
pj_PbOpJN3k-00993-00225804-00225977 go expecting a restaurant and it's now
pj_PbOpJN3k-00994-00225978-00226181 something completely different or it may
pj_PbOpJN3k-00995-00226182-00226348 have changed ownership so trying to get
pj_PbOpJN3k-00996-00226350-00226589 in contact with the people who are at
pj_PbOpJN3k-00997-00226590-00226756 these addresses in order to organize
pj_PbOpJN3k-00998-00226757-00226948 these inspections can be really hard and
pj_PbOpJN3k-00999-00226950-00227303 really consuming
pj_PbOpJN3k-01000-00227304-00227494 so these were kind of the main pain
pj_PbOpJN3k-01001-00227496-00227741 points uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01002-00227742-00228034 and when we were solutionizing obviously
pj_PbOpJN3k-01003-00228035-00228263 to data so this is where I think that we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01004-00228264-00228358 can make the most difference and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01005-00228359-00228467 obviously as I'm here from all the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01006-00228467-00228646 survey that's somewhere we can really
pj_PbOpJN3k-01007-00228648-00228803 help
pj_PbOpJN3k-01008-00228804-00229060 um so since the Sprint we've uh we've
pj_PbOpJN3k-01009-00229061-00229205 been really lucky to get some
pj_PbOpJN3k-01010-00229206-00229355 Kickstarter funding to continue this
pj_PbOpJN3k-01011-00229356-00229505 work with the water X team at
pj_PbOpJN3k-01012-00229506-00229703 northumbrian so we've recently had our
pj_PbOpJN3k-01013-00229704-00229901 kind of kickoff session with
pj_PbOpJN3k-01014-00229902-00230075 northumbrian and Ordnance survey and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01015-00230076-00230201 we're hoping to come up and visit you
pj_PbOpJN3k-01016-00230202-00230392 guys as soon as we can
pj_PbOpJN3k-01017-00230394-00230579 um so we're hoping to kind of do an even
pj_PbOpJN3k-01018-00230580-00230777 deeper dive than we did out the Sprint
pj_PbOpJN3k-01019-00230778-00230971 so looking at each stage of the process
pj_PbOpJN3k-01020-00230971-00231251 kind of from start to finish so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01021-00231252-00231460 collecting that data kind of creating
pj_PbOpJN3k-01022-00231461-00231671 the jobs prioritizing the visits
pj_PbOpJN3k-01023-00231671-00231923 contacting the people at the kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01024-00231923-00232156 organizations by phones
pj_PbOpJN3k-01025-00232157-00232282 um organizing them and then actually
pj_PbOpJN3k-01026-00232283-00232475 doing the inspections themselves
pj_PbOpJN3k-01027-00232476-00232637 so looking at each stage of that and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01028-00232638-00232756 seeing where can we kind of increase
pj_PbOpJN3k-01029-00232757-00233015 efficiency with better data
pj_PbOpJN3k-01030-00233016-00233182 it was also really interesting at the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01031-00233183-00233471 festival to hear that the teams at quite
pj_PbOpJN3k-01032-00233471-00233573 a lot of the water companies weren't
pj_PbOpJN3k-01033-00233573-00233771 aware that they already licensed high
pj_PbOpJN3k-01034-00233771-00233969 quality addressing data from us that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01035-00233969-00234131 they could have been using instead so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01036-00234132-00234401 for example address-based premium
pj_PbOpJN3k-01037-00234402-00234725 um which is provided by owner survey is
pj_PbOpJN3k-01038-00234726-00234994 um kind of a high quality and up-to-date
pj_PbOpJN3k-01039-00234996-00235234 addressing data set that would uh cause
pj_PbOpJN3k-01040-00235235-00235384 that would solve a lot of I think the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01041-00235385-00235577 pain points so we're kind of looking at
pj_PbOpJN3k-01042-00235578-00235732 how we can maybe bring in the insights
pj_PbOpJN3k-01043-00235733-00235973 that we can gain from this alongside the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01044-00235973-00236141 addressing data that's already being
pj_PbOpJN3k-01045-00236142-00236351 used by the teams and see how we can
pj_PbOpJN3k-01046-00236352-00236617 bring that into kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01047-00236617-00236921 improve efficiency and streamline as
pj_PbOpJN3k-01048-00236921-00237046 well as looking at kind of other
pj_PbOpJN3k-01049-00237048-00237256 insights from addressing products such
pj_PbOpJN3k-01050-00237257-00237419 as points of interest data to look at
pj_PbOpJN3k-01051-00237419-00237658 classification of these addresses so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01052-00237659-00237779 that high priority addresses are
pj_PbOpJN3k-01053-00237780-00238006 definitely being visited first
pj_PbOpJN3k-01054-00238007-00238253 another issue that was kind of focused
pj_PbOpJN3k-01055-00238254-00238451 on at the Innovation Festival was
pj_PbOpJN3k-01056-00238452-00238589 contacting
pj_PbOpJN3k-01057-00238590-00238877 and contacting these organizations so we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01058-00238878-00239075 did a really interesting uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01059-00239076-00239296 I guess activity on the second day I
pj_PbOpJN3k-01060-00239298-00239446 think it was where we were given a list
pj_PbOpJN3k-01061-00239448-00239681 of addresses that had recently come to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01062-00239682-00239855 the water regulations team so this is
pj_PbOpJN3k-01063-00239856-00240029 the exact addresses that they were using
pj_PbOpJN3k-01064-00240030-00240221 and all it had was kind of just the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01065-00240221-00240382 address and we were all given it and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01066-00240383-00240634 told okay go find out what kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01067-00240635-00240796 organization this is what the contact
pj_PbOpJN3k-01068-00240798-00241031 details are who's there and what kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01069-00241032-00241427 fluid category or risk category this is
pj_PbOpJN3k-01070-00241428-00241546 um and with the data that we were given
pj_PbOpJN3k-01071-00241548-00241751 that was quite often quite old this was
pj_PbOpJN3k-01072-00241752-00241955 very difficult to do so bringing in any
pj_PbOpJN3k-01073-00241956-00242110 additional insights that we can in terms
pj_PbOpJN3k-01074-00242111-00242410 of contact details in terms of the kind
pj_PbOpJN3k-01075-00242411-00242584 of organization at that address is
pj_PbOpJN3k-01076-00242585-00242891 really valuable as well
pj_PbOpJN3k-01077-00242892-00243137 um so I guess to kind of sum it up the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01078-00243138-00243353 three main areas we're looking at moving
pj_PbOpJN3k-01079-00243354-00243539 forward with the teams it's first of all
pj_PbOpJN3k-01080-00243540-00243742 that kind of original data source so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01081-00243744-00243892 making sure that the data they're
pj_PbOpJN3k-01082-00243894-00244187 getting to use is up to date and it's
pj_PbOpJN3k-01083-00244188-00244481 kind of high quality looking at the job
pj_PbOpJN3k-01084-00244482-00244679 creation itself so prioritizing which
pj_PbOpJN3k-01085-00244680-00244901 visits to do fast and looking at high
pj_PbOpJN3k-01086-00244902-00245131 priority versus low priorities
pj_PbOpJN3k-01087-00245132-00245387 addresses and then the kind of field
pj_PbOpJN3k-01088-00245388-00245632 visit themselves so what information do
pj_PbOpJN3k-01089-00245633-00245789 the inspectors need when they're out in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01090-00245790-00245963 the field and is there a way that we can
pj_PbOpJN3k-01091-00245964-00246148 kind of create a sort of feedback loop
pj_PbOpJN3k-01092-00246150-00246353 where if they see a change in an address
pj_PbOpJN3k-01093-00246354-00246556 which they often do
pj_PbOpJN3k-01094-00246557-00246755 um so we capture that and can we kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01095-00246756-00246965 improve the data set even more so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01096-00246966-00247313 in future visits we know that for
pj_PbOpJN3k-01097-00247314-00247481 examples this address has changed
pj_PbOpJN3k-01098-00247482-00247769 ownership or it has changed type
pj_PbOpJN3k-01099-00247769-00247996 um I guess the last thing to say is in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01100-00247998-00248260 terms of actual uh tangible changes from
pj_PbOpJN3k-01101-00248261-00248346 the festival
pj_PbOpJN3k-01102-00248348-00248596 the team has been great in that they've
pj_PbOpJN3k-01103-00248598-00248813 really made quite well a couple of weeks
pj_PbOpJN3k-01104-00248814-00248939 so into the work that we're doing with
pj_PbOpJN3k-01105-00248940-00249113 them they gain some really
pj_PbOpJN3k-01106-00249114-00249232 um useful insights through the festival
pj_PbOpJN3k-01107-00249233-00249503 for example feedback on how they were
pj_PbOpJN3k-01108-00249504-00249623 the letters that they send out before
pj_PbOpJN3k-01109-00249623-00249892 they do inspections so they were told
pj_PbOpJN3k-01110-00249894-00250031 that maybe they could soften the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01111-00250032-00250156 language that they used and also
pj_PbOpJN3k-01112-00250157-00250331 highlight that the water inspections
pj_PbOpJN3k-01113-00250332-00250606 that they provide are free and um so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01114-00250607-00250727 they've made these changes and found
pj_PbOpJN3k-01115-00250728-00250841 that they've actually got quite
pj_PbOpJN3k-01116-00250842-00251015 increased engagements from the customers
pj_PbOpJN3k-01117-00251016-00251201 as a result so that's kind of a real
pj_PbOpJN3k-01118-00251202-00251369 world change that's managed to be
pj_PbOpJN3k-01119-00251369-00251608 implemented already so yeah looking
pj_PbOpJN3k-01120-00251609-00251765 forward to making more of those it's
pj_PbOpJN3k-01121-00251766-00251969 been really good so far
pj_PbOpJN3k-01122-00251969-00252131 that's a really good update thank you
pj_PbOpJN3k-01123-00252132-00252341 very much Eleanor and I think that this
pj_PbOpJN3k-01124-00252342-00252508 one was a really exciting Sprint because
pj_PbOpJN3k-01125-00252509-00252689 it actually came from the business so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01126-00252690-00252934 somebody reached out to the team after
pj_PbOpJN3k-01127-00252935-00253108 one of the leadership conferences saying
pj_PbOpJN3k-01128-00253109-00253313 we've got this issue is there any way
pj_PbOpJN3k-01129-00253314-00253541 that you can help us and then after
pj_PbOpJN3k-01130-00253542-00253792 conversations it actually then became a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01131-00253794-00253991 Sprint at the festival which is actually
pj_PbOpJN3k-01132-00253992-00254231 born fruit which is it's just incredible
pj_PbOpJN3k-01133-00254232-00254405 so just to put that into a bit of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01134-00254406-00254567 perspective they currently spend about
pj_PbOpJN3k-01135-00254567-00254813 40 on their of their budget amending
pj_PbOpJN3k-01136-00254814-00255010 data so imagine if they don't have to do
pj_PbOpJN3k-01137-00255011-00255179 that and you're well on the way to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01138-00255180-00255358 helping them really yeah get those
pj_PbOpJN3k-01139-00255359-00255623 efficiencies which is really really uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01140-00255623-00255760 brilliant to hear
pj_PbOpJN3k-01141-00255761-00255953 so so thank you very much for that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01142-00255954-00256175 update uh brilliant insights and great
pj_PbOpJN3k-01143-00256176-00256384 that already activities happening in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01144-00256385-00256619 that particular space so looking forward
pj_PbOpJN3k-01145-00256619-00256823 to seeing more from that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01146-00256823-00257153 so now we're going to be moving over to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01147-00257154-00257387 uh to Alan Brown who's going to share
pj_PbOpJN3k-01148-00257388-00257663 the uh the progress that's happened in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01149-00257664-00257842 the water quality Sprint that happened
pj_PbOpJN3k-01150-00257844-00258046 at the festival
pj_PbOpJN3k-01151-00258048-00258353 hey good morning everybody else um yeah
pj_PbOpJN3k-01152-00258354-00258508 I'm going to be talking about the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01153-00258509-00258694 managing water quality respirator
pj_PbOpJN3k-01154-00258696-00258965 systems approach so this is we did this
pj_PbOpJN3k-01155-00258966-00259175 with the business modeling Associates
pj_PbOpJN3k-01156-00259176-00259319 BMA
pj_PbOpJN3k-01157-00259319-00259475 more commonly known we're currently
pj_PbOpJN3k-01158-00259476-00259660 doing a kind of a pilot
pj_PbOpJN3k-01159-00259661-00259805 um work with them at the moment
pj_PbOpJN3k-01160-00259806-00259992 essentially looking at disinfection
pj_PbOpJN3k-01161-00259994-00260267 systems across six water treatment works
pj_PbOpJN3k-01162-00260267-00260465 and what they're modeling is allowing us
pj_PbOpJN3k-01163-00260466-00260656 to do is kind of look at the individual
pj_PbOpJN3k-01164-00260657-00260830 component fails within a disinfection
pj_PbOpJN3k-01165-00260831-00260932 system
pj_PbOpJN3k-01166-00260933-00261191 I'd understand how many failure modes
pj_PbOpJN3k-01167-00261192-00261394 that actually generates at that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01168-00261396-00261575 treatment works
pj_PbOpJN3k-01169-00261576-00261737 um you know depending on the complexity
pj_PbOpJN3k-01170-00261738-00262001 of the of the site that could kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01171-00262002-00262234 create hundreds if not thousands of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01172-00262235-00262534 scenarios so you know the model is kind
pj_PbOpJN3k-01173-00262535-00262667 of quite powerful and allow us to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01174-00262668-00262847 understand I suppose the level of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01175-00262848-00263141 potential risk each site phase faces
pj_PbOpJN3k-01176-00263142-00263315 based on it sort of each failure mode
pj_PbOpJN3k-01177-00263316-00263477 and helps us understand kind of the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01178-00263478-00263591 opportunities
pj_PbOpJN3k-01179-00263592-00263980 uh for improvement or indeed mitigation
pj_PbOpJN3k-01180-00263981-00264208 um then we started as we're kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01181-00264209-00264365 doing the planning and scheduling for
pj_PbOpJN3k-01182-00264366-00264545 that that pile of work we got into
pj_PbOpJN3k-01183-00264546-00264730 conversations the BMA and said actually
pj_PbOpJN3k-01184-00264731-00264958 you know disinfection is it's actually
pj_PbOpJN3k-01185-00264959-00265169 one small subset
pj_PbOpJN3k-01186-00265170-00265373 of overall drinking water quality
pj_PbOpJN3k-01187-00265374-00265571 management and control it kind of you
pj_PbOpJN3k-01188-00265572-00265823 look at the source to tap uh approach uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01189-00265824-00265955 to drinking water you know there's many
pj_PbOpJN3k-01190-00265956-00266141 physical systems there business
pj_PbOpJN3k-01191-00266142-00266458 processes multiple teams and departments
pj_PbOpJN3k-01192-00266459-00266656 they're all kind of interdependent and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01193-00266657-00266891 kind of all of those come together to be
pj_PbOpJN3k-01194-00266892-00267034 able to create a kind of safe clean
pj_PbOpJN3k-01195-00267035-00267245 drinking water for the customers
pj_PbOpJN3k-01196-00267246-00267563 and this kind of level of uncertainty uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01197-00267564-00267743 it needs to be assessed and understood
pj_PbOpJN3k-01198-00267744-00267971 and managed and essentially this is we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01199-00267972-00268121 do this through what's called drinking
pj_PbOpJN3k-01200-00268122-00268330 water safety plans which is a risk
pj_PbOpJN3k-01201-00268331-00268547 management approach I say cross source
pj_PbOpJN3k-01202-00268548-00268756 to tap uh which currently done by a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01203-00268757-00268895 couple of people in the water quality
pj_PbOpJN3k-01204-00268896-00269039 team but to kind of give you its own
pj_PbOpJN3k-01205-00269040-00269284 context the number of kind of lines of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01206-00269285-00269453 risk assessment kind of hitting almost
pj_PbOpJN3k-01207-00269454-00269723 like 300 000 alone just in the kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01208-00269724-00269903 northumbering water so it's quite
pj_PbOpJN3k-01209-00269904-00270155 significant and quite a manual task
pj_PbOpJN3k-01210-00270156-00270389 so let's say we got into conversations
pj_PbOpJN3k-01211-00270390-00270551 with the BMA of how we could approach
pj_PbOpJN3k-01212-00270552-00270719 this and maybe expand the work we're
pj_PbOpJN3k-01213-00270720-00270880 doing in this pilot phase around
pj_PbOpJN3k-01214-00270881-00271115 disinfection systems
pj_PbOpJN3k-01215-00271116-00271337 um it was it was a bit of a challenge
pj_PbOpJN3k-01216-00271338-00271493 um it was probably the last one to get
pj_PbOpJN3k-01217-00271494-00271637 through the door in terms of a Sprint we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01218-00271638-00271793 had about three or four weeks to pull it
pj_PbOpJN3k-01219-00271794-00272158 together but you know um never never
pj_PbOpJN3k-01220-00272159-00272345 want to kind of let those things get in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01221-00272346-00272482 our way and I think we kind of did an
pj_PbOpJN3k-01222-00272483-00272705 excellent job in the end of getting
pj_PbOpJN3k-01223-00272706-00272897 um a little Bain from across the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01224-00272898-00272999 industry
pj_PbOpJN3k-01225-00273000-00273275 um uh you know and got some key
pj_PbOpJN3k-01226-00273276-00273425 contributors throughout the sort of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01227-00273426-00273629 three days of the Sprint and I think
pj_PbOpJN3k-01228-00273630-00273779 kind of essentially we were really
pj_PbOpJN3k-01229-00273780-00274013 pleased with the outcome um and and what
pj_PbOpJN3k-01230-00274014-00274319 we achieved so we've talked about those
pj_PbOpJN3k-01231-00274320-00274487 lines of risk assessment data they can
pj_PbOpJN3k-01232-00274488-00274745 essentially sit on our maximum system at
pj_PbOpJN3k-01233-00274746-00274895 the moment
pj_PbOpJN3k-01234-00274896-00274984 um
pj_PbOpJN3k-01235-00274985-00275225 and so forth the Sprint was kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01236-00275226-00275458 thinking about how we could use those
pj_PbOpJN3k-01237-00275459-00275675 existed data streams on existing systems
pj_PbOpJN3k-01238-00275676-00275879 and almost build
pj_PbOpJN3k-01239-00275880-00276089 um sort of use the latest systems to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01240-00276090-00276239 kind of build an Adaptive risk
pj_PbOpJN3k-01241-00276240-00276419 management capability which kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01242-00276420-00276617 streamlines or makes more efficient much
pj_PbOpJN3k-01243-00276618-00276821 simpler way of kind of assessing the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01244-00276822-00276982 complexity of drinking water and then
pj_PbOpJN3k-01245-00276983-00277193 creates kind of new insight better
pj_PbOpJN3k-01246-00277194-00277360 decision making improved performance
pj_PbOpJN3k-01247-00277361-00277529 around that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01248-00277530-00277769 um we kind of split the the spin into
pj_PbOpJN3k-01249-00277770-00278003 four key themes really um all kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01250-00278004-00278182 interdependent with each other but kind
pj_PbOpJN3k-01251-00278183-00278399 of critical layers so what we're trying
pj_PbOpJN3k-01252-00278400-00278543 to achieve the first was kind of looking
pj_PbOpJN3k-01253-00278544-00278717 at data
pj_PbOpJN3k-01254-00278718-00278903 um understanding kind of what data
pj_PbOpJN3k-01255-00278904-00279149 streams existed what uh how would
pj_PbOpJN3k-01256-00279150-00279280 increase better awareness and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01257-00279281-00279545 utilization of data sets and also kind
pj_PbOpJN3k-01258-00279546-00279773 of linking those data sets together we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01259-00279774-00279917 looked at the process so that's the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01260-00279918-00280091 integration of drinking water safety
pj_PbOpJN3k-01261-00280092-00280349 plans and the administration of it with
pj_PbOpJN3k-01262-00280350-00280510 other business processes which kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01263-00280511-00280643 influence the kind of the control
pj_PbOpJN3k-01264-00280644-00280865 measures we put in place at a system
pj_PbOpJN3k-01265-00280866-00280973 level
pj_PbOpJN3k-01266-00280974-00281087 um you know kind of how can the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01267-00281088-00281291 analytics kind of articulate the risk
pj_PbOpJN3k-01268-00281292-00281506 whether it's at a site level where a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01269-00281507-00281717 regional level at a company level so we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01270-00281718-00281855 can understand you know where we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01271-00281856-00282017 actually sit on that kind of water water
pj_PbOpJN3k-01272-00282018-00282256 quality risk curve and kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01273-00282257-00282467 understand the various levels across the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01274-00282468-00282599 business how we kind of influence the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01275-00282600-00282749 short medium and long-term outcomes
pj_PbOpJN3k-01276-00282750-00282923 around water quality
pj_PbOpJN3k-01277-00282924-00283127 and the fourth aspects and probably as
pj_PbOpJN3k-01278-00283128-00283325 critical as anything else was around the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01279-00283326-00283487 people so kind of making sure that that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01280-00283488-00283721 change management aspect uh was
pj_PbOpJN3k-01281-00283722-00283925 definitely uh understood get under the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01282-00283926-00284105 skin of that and make sure that anything
pj_PbOpJN3k-01283-00284106-00284260 we put in place you know around
pj_PbOpJN3k-01284-00284261-00284501 analytical development
pj_PbOpJN3k-01285-00284502-00284710 um would kind of in line with that kind
pj_PbOpJN3k-01286-00284711-00284879 of the user experience that we wanted to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01287-00284880-00285017 provide
pj_PbOpJN3k-01288-00285018-00285215 um so we created a number of user
pj_PbOpJN3k-01289-00285216-00285497 profiles across the Sprint uh just to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01290-00285498-00285658 kind of test that user experience and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01291-00285659-00285821 see what value and insight we could gain
pj_PbOpJN3k-01292-00285822-00286060 from it
pj_PbOpJN3k-01293-00286061-00286229 um so you know I want to talk about
pj_PbOpJN3k-01294-00286230-00286439 maximum really well the risk assessments
pj_PbOpJN3k-01295-00286440-00286625 kind of carried out that that's have you
pj_PbOpJN3k-01296-00286626-00286787 mentioned imagine kind of that's our
pj_PbOpJN3k-01297-00286788-00286997 system of Records it's kind of a high
pj_PbOpJN3k-01298-00286998-00287177 level of governance that sits around it
pj_PbOpJN3k-01299-00287178-00287339 and what we're almost trying to look
pj_PbOpJN3k-01300-00287340-00287530 here is kind of a agile sort of low
pj_PbOpJN3k-01301-00287531-00287789 governance Advanced Analytical uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01302-00287790-00287945 capability which kind of sits above
pj_PbOpJN3k-01303-00287946-00288167 those core kind of commoditized
pj_PbOpJN3k-01304-00288168-00288532 processes such as Maximo and GIS
pj_PbOpJN3k-01305-00288533-00288760 um and in this instance you know using
pj_PbOpJN3k-01306-00288761-00288982 that usual taking the user profile and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01307-00288983-00289163 that way would kind of you're a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01308-00289164-00289349 treatment works manager uh or an
pj_PbOpJN3k-01309-00289350-00289493 operator
pj_PbOpJN3k-01310-00289494-00289721 um you would kind of use this these
pj_PbOpJN3k-01311-00289722-00289925 analytics to kind of toggle between the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01312-00289926-00290093 assets and the controls that you have on
pj_PbOpJN3k-01313-00290094-00290177 site
pj_PbOpJN3k-01314-00290178-00290351 and determine whether you kind of if
pj_PbOpJN3k-01315-00290352-00290513 you've got a piece of plan that or even
pj_PbOpJN3k-01316-00290514-00290723 reactive activity what would be the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01317-00290724-00290908 increased level of risk or drinking link
pj_PbOpJN3k-01318-00290909-00291082 to the dream water safety plans risk
pj_PbOpJN3k-01319-00291083-00291280 assessment for actually taking a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01320-00291281-00291467 component out or doing that piece of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01321-00291468-00291599 work
pj_PbOpJN3k-01322-00291600-00291784 and that kind of allows us to have a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01323-00291785-00291977 much more comprehensive sort of scenario
pj_PbOpJN3k-01324-00291978-00292151 analysis whether we'd sort of make
pj_PbOpJN3k-01325-00292152-00292373 decisions on go or no go on any
pj_PbOpJN3k-01326-00292374-00292534 particular piece of work or whether we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01327-00292535-00292673 can kind of live with that increased
pj_PbOpJN3k-01328-00292674-00292906 level of risk it kind of provides the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01329-00292907-00293021 operational teams with a lot more
pj_PbOpJN3k-01330-00293022-00293225 leverage in terms of raising issues to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01331-00293226-00293369 kind of the maintenance teams to the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01332-00293370-00293632 Tactical planning teams uh based on that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01333-00293633-00293753 kind of that level of risk and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01334-00293754-00294023 mitigation required and provide some
pj_PbOpJN3k-01335-00294024-00294203 real-time reporting or linkage through
pj_PbOpJN3k-01336-00294204-00294389 to the drinking water safety plan team
pj_PbOpJN3k-01337-00294390-00294617 uh almost kind of operationalizing what
pj_PbOpJN3k-01338-00294618-00294839 we do so we imagine kind of it's It's
pj_PbOpJN3k-01339-00294840-00295067 managed by these two people and yes they
pj_PbOpJN3k-01340-00295068-00295253 talk across the business but actually we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01341-00295254-00295439 want to become a real experience for the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01342-00295440-00295637 operational teams as well to engage with
pj_PbOpJN3k-01343-00295638-00295895 water safety plans and understand how it
pj_PbOpJN3k-01344-00295896-00296071 influences what they do on a day-to-day
pj_PbOpJN3k-01345-00296072-00296327 and also importantly when we look at
pj_PbOpJN3k-01346-00296328-00296537 kind of those 300 000 or so risks
pj_PbOpJN3k-01347-00296538-00296758 actually a vast majority of them are
pj_PbOpJN3k-01348-00296759-00296927 relatively static you know we probably
pj_PbOpJN3k-01349-00296928-00297106 wouldn't go near them unless unless
pj_PbOpJN3k-01350-00297107-00297269 we're kind of doing a five-year refresh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01351-00297270-00297508 really using the analytics to focus on
pj_PbOpJN3k-01352-00297509-00297682 those 10 to 20 percent of the risks
pj_PbOpJN3k-01353-00297683-00297875 which are material and which potentially
pj_PbOpJN3k-01354-00297876-00298097 can change on a day-to-day basis so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01355-00298098-00298253 that's kind of what we were trying to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01356-00298254-00298373 focus on
pj_PbOpJN3k-01357-00298374-00298582 in terms of the outcome you know I think
pj_PbOpJN3k-01358-00298583-00298751 the first base is we have to complete
pj_PbOpJN3k-01359-00298752-00298943 the kind of this pilot work on
pj_PbOpJN3k-01360-00298944-00299201 disinfection systems with BMA well what
pj_PbOpJN3k-01361-00299202-00299387 we think we've created now is kind of a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01362-00299388-00299591 roadmap from that on the assumption that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01363-00299592-00299747 that's pretty successful and we can
pj_PbOpJN3k-01364-00299748-00299951 demonstrate the value we've got almost a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01365-00299952-00300155 12-month roll Mark of roadmap of how we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01366-00300156-00300341 extend that out
pj_PbOpJN3k-01367-00300342-00300551 um and ultimately get to a point where
pj_PbOpJN3k-01368-00300552-00300797 we can incorporate kind of this broader
pj_PbOpJN3k-01369-00300798-00300965 thinking around doing a water safety
pj_PbOpJN3k-01370-00300966-00301151 plan so really the output is around
pj_PbOpJN3k-01371-00301152-00301367 what's next and what can we achieve over
pj_PbOpJN3k-01372-00301368-00301565 a 12-month period
pj_PbOpJN3k-01373-00301566-00301780 I think you know that ultimate end game
pj_PbOpJN3k-01374-00301781-00302027 is this end-to-end capability
pj_PbOpJN3k-01375-00302028-00302291 um which we think has has got some real
pj_PbOpJN3k-01376-00302292-00302434 leverage around the off what
pj_PbOpJN3k-01377-00302435-00302579 breakthrough challenge is a contender
pj_PbOpJN3k-01378-00302580-00302747 which Angela kind of mentioned at the at
pj_PbOpJN3k-01379-00302748-00302956 the outset there and how successful the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01380-00302957-00303149 water team's been you know I think this
pj_PbOpJN3k-01381-00303150-00303341 is another opportunity to do that and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01382-00303342-00303484 the reason kind of what I'm thinking
pj_PbOpJN3k-01383-00303485-00303653 that is because I said we've got some
pj_PbOpJN3k-01384-00303654-00303821 great buy-in from a number of other
pj_PbOpJN3k-01385-00303822-00304013 water companies who kind of face exactly
pj_PbOpJN3k-01386-00304014-00304199 the same challenges and just kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01387-00304200-00304367 trying to lift water safety plans from
pj_PbOpJN3k-01388-00304368-00304643 in let's say a pseudo spreadsheet into
pj_PbOpJN3k-01389-00304644-00304865 something that kind of Israel and within
pj_PbOpJN3k-01390-00304866-00305153 each company and you know this kind of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01391-00305154-00305315 will be a bit of a disruption if you
pj_PbOpJN3k-01392-00305316-00305417 like
pj_PbOpJN3k-01393-00305418-00305608 um with it across the industry but you
pj_PbOpJN3k-01394-00305609-00305789 know the I think the the importance here
pj_PbOpJN3k-01395-00305790-00305932 is we've got a number of Advocates
pj_PbOpJN3k-01396-00305933-00306154 within in the sector
pj_PbOpJN3k-01397-00306155-00306293 um who are happy to kind of keep this
pj_PbOpJN3k-01398-00306294-00306437 momentum going and we're gonna we've
pj_PbOpJN3k-01399-00306438-00306629 created a working group to allow us to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01400-00306630-00306845 do that and the other aspect is getting
pj_PbOpJN3k-01401-00306846-00307001 all the Regulators on board you know
pj_PbOpJN3k-01402-00307002-00307151 part of drinking water safety plans is
pj_PbOpJN3k-01403-00307152-00307354 you have to kind of your summary risk
pj_PbOpJN3k-01404-00307355-00307504 kind of set is sent off to the deedle
pj_PbOpJN3k-01405-00307505-00307804 rise parts regular monthly or annual uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01406-00307805-00308015 sort of uh submissions
pj_PbOpJN3k-01407-00308016-00308243 uh we're hoping to get a conversation
pj_PbOpJN3k-01408-00308244-00308423 with Marcus rink the Chief Inspector of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01409-00308424-00308663 the DWI actually in the next few weeks
pj_PbOpJN3k-01410-00308664-00308843 take him through the the work we're
pj_PbOpJN3k-01411-00308844-00309017 doing on disinfection systems and how we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01412-00309018-00309167 want to expand that out into drinking
pj_PbOpJN3k-01413-00309168-00309347 water safety plans and I think we can
pj_PbOpJN3k-01414-00309348-00309569 get the likes of Marcus on side that'll
pj_PbOpJN3k-01415-00309570-00309779 be kind of a real game changer for us in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01416-00309780-00309934 terms of taking this this whole project
pj_PbOpJN3k-01417-00309935-00310204 forward so essentially the output is
pj_PbOpJN3k-01418-00310205-00310367 more the roadmap and what we can do and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01419-00310368-00310504 I think it's just kind of the art of the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01420-00310505-00310756 possible
pj_PbOpJN3k-01421-00310757-00310967 sounds like a very productive Sprint
pj_PbOpJN3k-01422-00310968-00311219 even if it was uh lasting through the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01423-00311220-00311482 doors it sounds like you had a very
pj_PbOpJN3k-01424-00311483-00311656 productive week and I would love to see
pj_PbOpJN3k-01425-00311657-00311873 uh what you can do to actually bring
pj_PbOpJN3k-01426-00311874-00312101 that to life and to uh to bring It
pj_PbOpJN3k-01427-00312102-00312239 Forward especially if it is through the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01428-00312240-00312473 off-what route where we have uh where we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01429-00312474-00312658 have quite a bit of experience now in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01430-00312659-00312893 the business so we'd be very happy to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01431-00312894-00313151 help uh help see what what is possible
pj_PbOpJN3k-01432-00313152-00313282 there
pj_PbOpJN3k-01433-00313283-00313703 so now we are over to our last update uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01434-00313704-00314123 last uh but no right but um uh so it's
pj_PbOpJN3k-01435-00314124-00314345 with uh Claire Gowdy who's going to tell
pj_PbOpJN3k-01436-00314346-00314656 us a little bit more about the Thames no
pj_PbOpJN3k-01437-00314657-00314891 dig Sprint that happened at the festival
pj_PbOpJN3k-01438-00314892-00315149 in the summer a very exciting one for us
pj_PbOpJN3k-01439-00315150-00315293 because again it was another Festival
pj_PbOpJN3k-01440-00315294-00315539 first in the Thames actually LED this
pj_PbOpJN3k-01441-00315540-00315784 Sprint uh which is something that we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01442-00315785-00315947 haven't had another walk company do
pj_PbOpJN3k-01443-00315948-00316337 before so uh so very exciting so over to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01444-00316338-00316487 you Claire to share a little bit more
pj_PbOpJN3k-01445-00316488-00317579 about what happened in your Sprint
pj_PbOpJN3k-01446-00317580-00317849 uh yeah we were in a hybrid Sprint uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01447-00317850-00318017 for Thames water
pj_PbOpJN3k-01448-00318018-00318329 um looking at uh reviewing an off what
pj_PbOpJN3k-01449-00318330-00318515 bid they'd put in previously but had
pj_PbOpJN3k-01450-00318516-00318863 been unsuccessful so the aim of the uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01451-00318864-00319175 Sprint was to look at what they were
pj_PbOpJN3k-01452-00319176-00319456 proposing and get some external views on
pj_PbOpJN3k-01453-00319457-00319708 it to try and make any future bids
pj_PbOpJN3k-01454-00319709-00319984 better so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01455-00319985-00320189 um it worked quite well because we had a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01456-00320190-00320345 facilitator in the room and a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01457-00320346-00320693 facilitator for those join us online
pj_PbOpJN3k-01458-00320694-00320908 um but we had some challenging moments
pj_PbOpJN3k-01459-00320909-00321106 because they were working on
pj_PbOpJN3k-01460-00321107-00321293 um my row and obviously we had our
pj_PbOpJN3k-01461-00321294-00321473 boards in the room so trying to transfer
pj_PbOpJN3k-01462-00321474-00321730 the information between the two took a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01463-00321731-00321995 bit of effort but uh we got quite a good
pj_PbOpJN3k-01464-00321996-00322132 outcome on the end and they took away
pj_PbOpJN3k-01465-00322133-00322463 quite a lot of stuff to work on to um
pj_PbOpJN3k-01466-00322464-00322715 help improve their future Bridge some of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01467-00322716-00322877 it validated what they'd already thought
pj_PbOpJN3k-01468-00322878-00323093 but they did get some new ideas from
pj_PbOpJN3k-01469-00323094-00323327 some suppliers that they did not come
pj_PbOpJN3k-01470-00323328-00323632 across or worked with before
pj_PbOpJN3k-01471-00323633-00323860 so they seem quite pleased with the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01472-00323861-00324106 outputs from that point of view that it
pj_PbOpJN3k-01473-00324107-00324232 was going to allow them to take the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01474-00324233-00324532 thing uh the um idea forward
pj_PbOpJN3k-01475-00324533-00324730 we obviously took the people out to see
pj_PbOpJN3k-01476-00324731-00324977 the no dig demos that Nigel mentioned at
pj_PbOpJN3k-01477-00324978-00325199 the start of of the session
pj_PbOpJN3k-01478-00325200-00325379 um as it was something they'd not seen
pj_PbOpJN3k-01479-00325380-00325541 before
pj_PbOpJN3k-01480-00325542-00325721 um that specific technology and how we'd
pj_PbOpJN3k-01481-00325722-00325960 managed to make that work
pj_PbOpJN3k-01482-00325961-00326225 um so going forward they're not
pj_PbOpJN3k-01483-00326226-00326404 submitting into this current round of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01484-00326405-00326597 off what funds this Autumn but they have
pj_PbOpJN3k-01485-00326598-00326903 managed to secure some internal funding
pj_PbOpJN3k-01486-00326904-00327232 that is going to be matched by uh TRL
pj_PbOpJN3k-01487-00327233-00327497 uh Transport for London um funding
pj_PbOpJN3k-01488-00327498-00327665 because for their Lane rental charges
pj_PbOpJN3k-01489-00327666-00327821 that they have to pay for working in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01490-00327822-00327977 London they can actually apply for
pj_PbOpJN3k-01491-00327978-00328163 funding for research to help improve
pj_PbOpJN3k-01492-00328164-00328337 that so obviously the output for this
pj_PbOpJN3k-01493-00328338-00328439 project
pj_PbOpJN3k-01494-00328440-00328660 will help reduce congestion in London
pj_PbOpJN3k-01495-00328661-00328853 which was one of the main points of it
pj_PbOpJN3k-01496-00328854-00329056 so they're going to spend the next sort
pj_PbOpJN3k-01497-00329057-00329308 of nine months using that funding to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01498-00329309-00329579 address some of the questions raised by
pj_PbOpJN3k-01499-00329580-00329782 off-watch using the information that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01500-00329783-00330023 they gain from the Sprint and the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01501-00330024-00330191 discussions that we had over the three
pj_PbOpJN3k-01502-00330192-00330480 days with a view to hopefully putting in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01503-00330481-00330832 a better bid in 2023
pj_PbOpJN3k-01504-00330833-00331103 to the off front having done the uh the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01505-00331104-00331415 initial work that was suggested by off
pj_PbOpJN3k-01506-00331416-00331810 what over the next nine months
pj_PbOpJN3k-01507-00331811-00332039 cool so as as you highlighted at the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01508-00332040-00332308 start uh you were very brave and took on
pj_PbOpJN3k-01509-00332309-00332680 a hybrid Sprint which is only for the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01510-00332681-00333029 brave uh because uh since um we've been
pj_PbOpJN3k-01511-00333030-00333310 a fully digital hybrid and then back
pj_PbOpJN3k-01512-00333311-00333580 being in person we absolutely want to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01513-00333581-00333827 keep the digital aspect of the event but
pj_PbOpJN3k-01514-00333828-00334079 actually doing that in a hybrid way I
pj_PbOpJN3k-01515-00334080-00334271 think we're all wrestling with to see
pj_PbOpJN3k-01516-00334272-00334517 how we can crack that little number so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01517-00334518-00334763 all of the feedback and insights that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01518-00334764-00334913 you have from doing that are going to be
pj_PbOpJN3k-01519-00334914-00335056 really valuable for us actually
pj_PbOpJN3k-01520-00335057-00335230 strengthening that arm of the festival
pj_PbOpJN3k-01521-00335231-00335513 moving forward which is brilliant also
pj_PbOpJN3k-01522-00335514-00335699 very exciting to actually have worked
pj_PbOpJN3k-01523-00335700-00336029 with Thames uh at the festival and and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01524-00336030-00336287 pass on our knowledge and expertise to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01525-00336288-00336532 their team which I know that they very
pj_PbOpJN3k-01526-00336533-00336808 much appreciated and uh and valued being
pj_PbOpJN3k-01527-00336809-00337127 part of the festival so uh so excellent
pj_PbOpJN3k-01528-00337128-00337343 to hear that the uh that our Festival
pj_PbOpJN3k-01529-00337344-00337625 has impacted work that's going on in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01530-00337626-00337906 London so so that's that's very positive
pj_PbOpJN3k-01531-00337907-00338104 news so thank you very much for that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01532-00338105-00338363 update and indeed thank you very much to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01533-00338364-00338543 all of our speakers that we've had on
pj_PbOpJN3k-01534-00338544-00338782 this morning absolutely brilliant to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01535-00338783-00339010 hear about uh what went on in your
pj_PbOpJN3k-01536-00339011-00339119 sprints
pj_PbOpJN3k-01537-00339120-00339382 to hear about the big ideas that have
pj_PbOpJN3k-01538-00339383-00339653 come out and also to get some insight in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01539-00339654-00339851 terms of what we can expect to see from
pj_PbOpJN3k-01540-00339852-00340282 you over the next nine months or so and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01541-00340283-00340523 as we bring some of these insights to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01542-00340524-00340732 life and really make a difference to our
pj_PbOpJN3k-01543-00340733-00340943 business which is why we run the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01544-00340944-00341153 festival to be able to make these
pj_PbOpJN3k-01545-00341154-00341393 changes and interventions to make what
pj_PbOpJN3k-01546-00341394-00341554 we do even better
pj_PbOpJN3k-01547-00341555-00341860 so we had a question in the chat there
pj_PbOpJN3k-01548-00341861-00342154 um uh when is innovation Festival uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01549-00342155-00342437 2023 so indeed it is on the calendar now
pj_PbOpJN3k-01550-00342438-00342671 so please don't go on holiday the week
pj_PbOpJN3k-01551-00342672-00343115 of the 10th of July 2023 when we will be
pj_PbOpJN3k-01552-00343116-00343456 uh Innovation festivaling again uh in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01553-00343457-00343679 the meantime you can sign up to our
pj_PbOpJN3k-01554-00343680-00343877 newsletter so you can keep up to date
pj_PbOpJN3k-01555-00343878-00344045 with all the news out of all of the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01556-00344046-00344254 Sprints all of the other Innovation work
pj_PbOpJN3k-01557-00344255-00344417 that we have going on at northumbrian
pj_PbOpJN3k-01558-00344418-00344741 water and indeed uh updates as to what's
pj_PbOpJN3k-01559-00344742-00345010 happening at the festival next year so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01560-00345011-00345256 you can uh you can sign up to that that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01561-00345257-00345382 newsletter
pj_PbOpJN3k-01562-00345383-00345701 uh and once again just a huge thank you
pj_PbOpJN3k-01563-00345702-00346145 and I'll hand over to Nigel
pj_PbOpJN3k-01564-00346146-00346379 thank you Angela and thank you to all of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01565-00346380-00346589 our speakers so a quick a quick wrap
pj_PbOpJN3k-01566-00346590-00346708 from me
pj_PbOpJN3k-01567-00346709-00346954 um and uh it was furiously scribbling
pj_PbOpJN3k-01568-00346955-00347254 notes here so uh flush with data I think
pj_PbOpJN3k-01569-00347255-00347465 there's is great when you go out on site
pj_PbOpJN3k-01570-00347466-00347621 isn't it was what struck me about that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01571-00347622-00347729 and and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01572-00347730-00347999 um you really understand and observe the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01573-00348000-00348275 problems that uh The Operators face in
pj_PbOpJN3k-01574-00348276-00348406 detail
pj_PbOpJN3k-01575-00348407-00348593 um I guess I'm very keen to help out if
pj_PbOpJN3k-01576-00348594-00348851 I can on that one a couple of ideas
pj_PbOpJN3k-01577-00348852-00349108 struck me about how we use the data for
pj_PbOpJN3k-01578-00349109-00349319 predictive maintenance
pj_PbOpJN3k-01579-00349320-00349547 um I guess anticipating when algae
pj_PbOpJN3k-01580-00349548-00349763 blooms are coming along and and if we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01581-00349764-00350027 can do something on filter washing
pj_PbOpJN3k-01582-00350028-00350308 um related to energy efficiency then
pj_PbOpJN3k-01583-00350309-00350489 obviously the payback of that could be
pj_PbOpJN3k-01584-00350490-00350710 could be quite significant given what's
pj_PbOpJN3k-01585-00350711-00350956 happening with Energy prices
pj_PbOpJN3k-01586-00350957-00351245 um stop the clock uh I guess it was it
pj_PbOpJN3k-01587-00351246-00351425 was great to hear again about Moby and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01588-00351426-00351658 we we see this one pop up at elt quite
pj_PbOpJN3k-01589-00351659-00351827 often and it's brilliant little
pj_PbOpJN3k-01590-00351828-00352091 Innovation I think a very simple one and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01591-00352092-00352277 uh fully Echo
pj_PbOpJN3k-01592-00352278-00352487 um the words of
pj_PbOpJN3k-01593-00352488-00352654 um if it was Luke around you know but
pj_PbOpJN3k-01594-00352655-00352804 but one of you were saying there about
pj_PbOpJN3k-01595-00352805-00353039 how some of our best Innovations and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01596-00353040-00353284 indeed not that technological and um I
pj_PbOpJN3k-01597-00353285-00353423 think we've seen a few examples of those
pj_PbOpJN3k-01598-00353424-00353573 and those are the ones that really get
pj_PbOpJN3k-01599-00353574-00353813 me quite excited as well
pj_PbOpJN3k-01600-00353814-00353975 um and and you know some simple things
pj_PbOpJN3k-01601-00353976-00354167 there we can do the extra person in the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01602-00354168-00354413 crew site you know taking 40 or 50
pj_PbOpJN3k-01603-00354414-00354647 minutes of effort off
pj_PbOpJN3k-01604-00354648-00354791 um I think you know when you've got a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01605-00354792-00355030 large burst that that could be uh you
pj_PbOpJN3k-01606-00355031-00355241 know quite significant gain
pj_PbOpJN3k-01607-00355242-00355456 um and Inspector Calls again I think
pj_PbOpJN3k-01608-00355457-00355673 there's a really good to see an in-depth
pj_PbOpJN3k-01609-00355674-00355954 view of the process and and getting
pj_PbOpJN3k-01610-00355955-00356165 people with different views people who
pj_PbOpJN3k-01611-00356166-00356327 don't understand the process around a
pj_PbOpJN3k-01612-00356328-00356495 process like that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01613-00356496-00356699 um not everything that comes out the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01614-00356700-00356921 festival that we progress is indeed what
pj_PbOpJN3k-01615-00356922-00357137 we would refer to as an innovation so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01616-00357138-00357437 some of the things that we do a bit like
pj_PbOpJN3k-01617-00357438-00357682 this better use of Ordnance survey
pj_PbOpJN3k-01618-00357683-00357832 assets that we've already got we would
pj_PbOpJN3k-01619-00357833-00358037 put in the continuous Improvement bucket
pj_PbOpJN3k-01620-00358038-00358247 honestly it doesn't matter
pj_PbOpJN3k-01621-00358248-00358367 um as long as they're things that
pj_PbOpJN3k-01622-00358368-00358565 improve our business then I think those
pj_PbOpJN3k-01623-00358566-00358895 you know it's all it's all good news
pj_PbOpJN3k-01624-00358896-00359110 um I I dropped in on the water quality
pj_PbOpJN3k-01625-00359111-00359339 Sprint at the end and um I don't know if
pj_PbOpJN3k-01626-00359340-00359482 I've ever seen Alan look quite so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01627-00359483-00359789 excited and and you know a lot of people
pj_PbOpJN3k-01628-00359790-00360071 I'm very excited about Dynamic risk
pj_PbOpJN3k-01629-00360072-00360304 assessment and it's quite staggering to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01630-00360305-00360653 to see you know how much data is in play
pj_PbOpJN3k-01631-00360654-00361019 there and I think that focus on 10 to 20
pj_PbOpJN3k-01632-00361020-00361271 percent of that that's Dynamic um and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01633-00361272-00361421 taking the more Advanced Analytical
pj_PbOpJN3k-01634-00361422-00361667 approach could really pay dividends and
pj_PbOpJN3k-01635-00361668-00361825 make everybody's
pj_PbOpJN3k-01636-00361826-00362093 lives easier I think in in that world
pj_PbOpJN3k-01637-00362094-00362219 and then
pj_PbOpJN3k-01638-00362220-00362471 lovely to see that Thames water stepped
pj_PbOpJN3k-01639-00362472-00362645 up and did a Sprint with us and we're
pj_PbOpJN3k-01640-00362646-00362932 very open to to more of that so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01641-00362933-00363191 I'll just close by saying thank you
pj_PbOpJN3k-01642-00363192-00363365 again for your attention thank you to
pj_PbOpJN3k-01643-00363366-00363491 all of the speakers
pj_PbOpJN3k-01644-00363492-00363551 um
pj_PbOpJN3k-01645-00363552-00363760 it isn't easy to move Innovations along
pj_PbOpJN3k-01646-00363761-00364073 sometimes we did have a very hard summer
pj_PbOpJN3k-01647-00364074-00364373 I'm just getting water out the door uh
pj_PbOpJN3k-01648-00364374-00364547 really stretched our teams given that we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01649-00364548-00364715 had a you know three months without any
pj_PbOpJN3k-01650-00364716-00364858 rain so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01651-00364859-00365165 sometimes those things can get in the
pj_PbOpJN3k-01652-00365166-00365321 way of of progress of some of these
pj_PbOpJN3k-01653-00365322-00365554 ideas but uh you know when we get when
pj_PbOpJN3k-01654-00365555-00365734 we get the chance we'll get back to them
pj_PbOpJN3k-01655-00365735-00365945 and we do keep moving them along and we
pj_PbOpJN3k-01656-00365946-00366089 do fund them
pj_PbOpJN3k-01657-00366090-00366341 um and it isn't easy but we certainly
pj_PbOpJN3k-01658-00366342-00366551 appreciate the efforts of everybody
pj_PbOpJN3k-01659-00366552-00366856 within our organization and out with
pj_PbOpJN3k-01660-00366857-00367037 um the partners in our ecosystem so
pj_PbOpJN3k-01661-00367038-00367343 please stay tuned for for more and thank
pj_PbOpJN3k-01662-00367344-00367555 you