3BOXR-0yLC4-00000-00000863-00001007 hello everyone
3BOXR-0yLC4-00001-00001008-00001423 good morning welcome to my live stream
3BOXR-0yLC4-00002-00001424-00002183 or my recorded video
3BOXR-0yLC4-00003-00002184-00002423 let me just remind everyone that the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00004-00002424-00002639 reason i'm doing this
3BOXR-0yLC4-00005-00002640-00002942 is because i read in matthew 13
3BOXR-0yLC4-00006-00002943-00003279 that jesus says that those who don't
3BOXR-0yLC4-00007-00003279-00003463 understand the doctrine
3BOXR-0yLC4-00008-00003464-00003822 will be taken by the enemy
3BOXR-0yLC4-00009-00003823-00004391 therefore i want to review the doctrines
3BOXR-0yLC4-00010-00004392-00004535 and if
3BOXR-0yLC4-00011-00004536-00004806 other people will benefit by listening
3BOXR-0yLC4-00012-00004807-00004967 or watching
3BOXR-0yLC4-00013-00004968-00005422 then it is just additional
3BOXR-0yLC4-00014-00005423-00005727 uh benefit of this activity
3BOXR-0yLC4-00015-00005728-00006079 so the topic
3BOXR-0yLC4-00016-00006080-00006414 this time is
3BOXR-0yLC4-00017-00006415-00006719 turn back the clock the road to good
3BOXR-0yLC4-00018-00006720-00006814 health
3BOXR-0yLC4-00019-00006815-00007046 let us pray a father in heaven be
3BOXR-0yLC4-00020-00007047-00007214 merciful to us forgive us from
3BOXR-0yLC4-00021-00007215-00007431 our many sins give us wisdom and
3BOXR-0yLC4-00022-00007431-00007534 understanding
3BOXR-0yLC4-00023-00007536-00007846 as we study the bible yes conviction of
3BOXR-0yLC4-00024-00007847-00007959 the holy spirit
3BOXR-0yLC4-00025-00007959-00008199 so that you can have longer lives in
3BOXR-0yLC4-00026-00008200-00008455 jesus name and pray amen
3BOXR-0yLC4-00027-00008456-00008942 turn back dakla the road to good health
3BOXR-0yLC4-00028-00008943-00009367 there was a monastery
3BOXR-0yLC4-00029-00009368-00009846 on one of the portuguese islands
3BOXR-0yLC4-00030-00009847-00010199 and it is up in the island the only way
3BOXR-0yLC4-00031-00010200-00010335 to go up the island
3BOXR-0yLC4-00032-00010336-00010710 is to be pulled up
3BOXR-0yLC4-00033-00010711-00011023 with a rope riding a basket
3BOXR-0yLC4-00034-00011024-00011359 so one of the monks said
3BOXR-0yLC4-00035-00011360-00011727 how often do you replace the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00036-00011728-00012095 the rope and then the one who is
3BOXR-0yLC4-00037-00012096-00012399 pulling the rope said don't worry we
3BOXR-0yLC4-00038-00012400-00013102 replace the rope every time it breaks
3BOXR-0yLC4-00039-00013103-00013255 you replace the rope every when it
3BOXR-0yLC4-00040-00013256-00013407 breaks that means somebody has to fall
3BOXR-0yLC4-00041-00013408-00013535 yeah
3BOXR-0yLC4-00042-00013536-00013894 so this is
3BOXR-0yLC4-00043-00013895-00014199 is this what we do with our health we
3BOXR-0yLC4-00044-00014200-00014566 take care of it when it starts to fail
3BOXR-0yLC4-00045-00014568-00015094 maybe and this is uh
3BOXR-0yLC4-00046-00015095-00015335 a little bit funny but actually it's
3BOXR-0yLC4-00047-00015336-00015519 what many of us
3BOXR-0yLC4-00048-00015519-00015838 do we take care
3BOXR-0yLC4-00049-00015840-00016103 and get serious of our health when our
3BOXR-0yLC4-00050-00016104-00016150 health
3BOXR-0yLC4-00051-00016151-00016455 starts to break
3BOXR-0yLC4-00052-00016456-00016767 starts to fail
3BOXR-0yLC4-00053-00016768-00017158 actually health is a choice
3BOXR-0yLC4-00054-00017159-00017503 whether you want to obey the nature's
3BOXR-0yLC4-00055-00017504-00017886 laws or you just want to obey our
3BOXR-0yLC4-00056-00017887-00018263 senses there is a doctor
3BOXR-0yLC4-00057-00018264-00018550 named dr breslow of university of
3BOXR-0yLC4-00058-00018551-00018655 california los
3BOXR-0yLC4-00059-00018656-00019071 angeles he gave a survey
3BOXR-0yLC4-00060-00019072-00019335 to seven thousand people with seven
3BOXR-0yLC4-00061-00019336-00019463 questions
3BOXR-0yLC4-00062-00019464-00019855 regarding the health habits and observe
3BOXR-0yLC4-00063-00019856-00020263 these people and versus
3BOXR-0yLC4-00064-00020264-00020591 good health practices versus poor health
3BOXR-0yLC4-00065-00020592-00020950 lifestyle these are the questions
3BOXR-0yLC4-00066-00020951-00021367 do you smoke do you drink alcohol
3BOXR-0yLC4-00067-00021368-00021719 and if so to what extent do you get
3BOXR-0yLC4-00068-00021720-00021950 regular exercise
3BOXR-0yLC4-00069-00021951-00022278 how many hours do you sleep every night
3BOXR-0yLC4-00070-00022279-00022558 how much do you weigh do you eat
3BOXR-0yLC4-00071-00022559-00022750 breakfast regularly
3BOXR-0yLC4-00072-00022751-00022999 do you snack between meals or on a
3BOXR-0yLC4-00073-00023000-00023119 regular basis
3BOXR-0yLC4-00074-00023120-00023471 those are the seven questions dr
3BOXR-0yLC4-00075-00023472-00023894 braslow asked
3BOXR-0yLC4-00076-00023895-00024271 breslau dr breslow so those
3BOXR-0yLC4-00077-00024272-00024655 who faithfully followed the good health
3BOXR-0yLC4-00078-00024656-00024719 habits
3BOXR-0yLC4-00079-00024720-00024967 of those seven questions lived an
3BOXR-0yLC4-00080-00024968-00025030 average
3BOXR-0yLC4-00081-00025031-00025478 of 11.5 longer years
3BOXR-0yLC4-00082-00025479-00025790 than those who don't who did not
3BOXR-0yLC4-00083-00025791-00026295 so is 11 years good for you
3BOXR-0yLC4-00084-00026295-00026535 some people battle to live just another
3BOXR-0yLC4-00085-00026536-00026614 month
3BOXR-0yLC4-00086-00026616-00027039 so this is how we the bible helps us
3BOXR-0yLC4-00087-00027039-00027518 live longer actually
3BOXR-0yLC4-00088-00027519-00027927 god wants us to live longer
3BOXR-0yLC4-00089-00027927-00028302 in 3rd gen 2 it says beloved i pray
3BOXR-0yLC4-00090-00028304-00028614 that you may prosper in all things
3BOXR-0yLC4-00091-00028616-00028943 and be in health just
3BOXR-0yLC4-00092-00028944-00029246 as your souls prosper 3rd
3BOXR-0yLC4-00093-00029247-00029662 john verse chapter 1 verse 2.
3BOXR-0yLC4-00094-00029663-00030046 so jesus said in
3BOXR-0yLC4-00095-00030047-00030374 john 10 10 i have come that they might
3BOXR-0yLC4-00096-00030375-00030511 have life
3BOXR-0yLC4-00097-00030512-00030807 and that they might have it more
3BOXR-0yLC4-00098-00030808-00030999 abundantly the reason jesus came
3BOXR-0yLC4-00099-00031000-00031302 to earth is so that we can have
3BOXR-0yLC4-00100-00031303-00031758 life and so as you see in the picture
3BOXR-0yLC4-00101-00031760-00032151 there is plenty of good food and flowers
3BOXR-0yLC4-00102-00032152-00032462 and vegetables and fruits
3BOXR-0yLC4-00103-00032463-00032855 that is in john 10 10 not only does
3BOXR-0yLC4-00104-00032856-00033207 god want us to give eternal life he also
3BOXR-0yLC4-00105-00033208-00033390 wants us to be happy
3BOXR-0yLC4-00106-00033391-00033735 in this current life
3BOXR-0yLC4-00107-00033736-00033983 so that we can have a better
3BOXR-0yLC4-00108-00033984-00034174 relationship with him
3BOXR-0yLC4-00109-00034175-00034407 because when we are healthy when our
3BOXR-0yLC4-00110-00034408-00034535 minds are clear
3BOXR-0yLC4-00111-00034536-00034846 we can hear the holy spirit better we
3BOXR-0yLC4-00112-00034847-00034879 can
3BOXR-0yLC4-00113-00034880-00035159 understand the bible better and we can
3BOXR-0yLC4-00114-00035160-00035239 communicate
3BOXR-0yLC4-00115-00035240-00035551 with god better
3BOXR-0yLC4-00116-00035552-00035871 exodus 15 26
3BOXR-0yLC4-00117-00035872-00036246 says that there is a
3BOXR-0yLC4-00118-00036247-00036559 condition when we obey
3BOXR-0yLC4-00119-00036560-00036887 god's health loss it says if you
3BOXR-0yLC4-00120-00036888-00037102 diligently heed the voice of the lord
3BOXR-0yLC4-00121-00037103-00037335 your god and do what is right
3BOXR-0yLC4-00122-00037336-00037615 in his sight give ear to his
3BOXR-0yLC4-00123-00037616-00037711 commandments
3BOXR-0yLC4-00124-00037712-00038111 and keep all his statutes i will put
3BOXR-0yLC4-00125-00038112-00038423 none of the diseases on you
3BOXR-0yLC4-00126-00038424-00038751 which i have brought upon the egyptians
3BOXR-0yLC4-00127-00038752-00039079 for i am the lord your
3BOXR-0yLC4-00128-00039080-00039527 god who heals you so the condition
3BOXR-0yLC4-00129-00039528-00039855 in the bible if we obey everything
3BOXR-0yLC4-00130-00039856-00040159 that the lord says he will not
3BOXR-0yLC4-00131-00040160-00040655 make us he will not allow us to get sick
3BOXR-0yLC4-00132-00040656-00041055 he also says in exodus 23 25
3BOXR-0yLC4-00133-00041056-00041367 so you shall serve the lord your god
3BOXR-0yLC4-00134-00041368-00041671 and he will bless you with
3BOXR-0yLC4-00135-00041672-00042007 bread and water
3BOXR-0yLC4-00136-00042008-00042271 so when we serve god god will bless us
3BOXR-0yLC4-00137-00042272-00042439 and i will take
3BOXR-0yLC4-00138-00042440-00042815 sickness away from the midst
3BOXR-0yLC4-00139-00042816-00043215 of you wow exodus 23
3BOXR-0yLC4-00140-00043216-00043607 25 when we obey god and when we serve
3BOXR-0yLC4-00141-00043608-00043974 him god takes away sickness
3BOXR-0yLC4-00142-00043975-00044343 from the needs of us do you understand
3BOXR-0yLC4-00143-00044344-00044446 my friend
3BOXR-0yLC4-00144-00044447-00044883 wow that's priceless medical
3BOXR-0yLC4-00145-00044884-00045215 information if you want to serve to
3BOXR-0yLC4-00146-00045216-00045574 be your sickness to be from away away
3BOXR-0yLC4-00147-00045575-00045655 from you
3BOXR-0yLC4-00148-00045656-00046015 obey god and serve him
3BOXR-0yLC4-00149-00046016-00046351 psalm 105 337 there was
3BOXR-0yLC4-00150-00046352-00046711 none feeble among his
3BOXR-0yLC4-00151-00046712-00047023 tribes if they obeyed
3BOXR-0yLC4-00152-00047024-00047551 nobody was feeble okay
3BOXR-0yLC4-00153-00047552-00047855 so how come today
3BOXR-0yLC4-00154-00047856-00048174 there's so much sickness
3BOXR-0yLC4-00155-00048175-00048502 it's so complicated and the decisions
3BOXR-0yLC4-00156-00048503-00048671 are so many
3BOXR-0yLC4-00157-00048672-00049111 huh probably you can guess
3BOXR-0yLC4-00158-00049112-00049455 that because people
3BOXR-0yLC4-00159-00049456-00049783 don't obey but the question would be do
3BOXR-0yLC4-00160-00049784-00050102 the sicknesses in today's world
3BOXR-0yLC4-00161-00050103-00050311 were already there in the time of the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00162-00050312-00050495 egyptians
3BOXR-0yLC4-00163-00050496-00050846 because the bible says
3BOXR-0yLC4-00164-00050847-00051102 actually a team of specialists around
3BOXR-0yLC4-00165-00051103-00051414 the world gathered in 1975
3BOXR-0yLC4-00166-00051415-00051775 to perform autopsies on egyptian
3BOXR-0yLC4-00167-00051776-00052087 mummies in the museum of medicine
3BOXR-0yLC4-00168-00052088-00052447 and health in manchester england
3BOXR-0yLC4-00169-00052448-00052826 these mummies were as old as
3BOXR-0yLC4-00170-00052827-00053159 1900 bc
3BOXR-0yLC4-00171-00053160-00053599 and the findings were very surprising
3BOXR-0yLC4-00172-00053600-00053966 the ancient egyptians had heart disease
3BOXR-0yLC4-00173-00053967-00054291 cancer vascular diseases
3BOXR-0yLC4-00174-00054291-00054615 arthritis and other things
3BOXR-0yLC4-00175-00054616-00054935 it's the same even if egypt
3BOXR-0yLC4-00176-00054936-00055271 was very cultured
3BOXR-0yLC4-00177-00055272-00055647 during moses time they were still
3BOXR-0yLC4-00178-00055648-00055791 suffering
3BOXR-0yLC4-00179-00055791-00056094 the same thing in
3BOXR-0yLC4-00180-00056095-00056335 1552 bc not long after the birth of
3BOXR-0yLC4-00181-00056336-00056415 jesus a birth
3BOXR-0yLC4-00182-00056416-00056630 a famous medical book was written in
3BOXR-0yLC4-00183-00056632-00056926 egypt called the papyrus evers
3BOXR-0yLC4-00184-00056927-00057303 this book lists the scores of remedies
3BOXR-0yLC4-00185-00057304-00057407 or cures
3BOXR-0yLC4-00186-00057408-00057791 for a host of diseases or infections
3BOXR-0yLC4-00187-00057791-00058111 and accidents of course
3BOXR-0yLC4-00188-00058112-00058375 uh they are outdated and most of them
3BOXR-0yLC4-00189-00058376-00058454 were not
3BOXR-0yLC4-00190-00058455-00058894 useful that's why but the bible tells us
3BOXR-0yLC4-00191-00058895-00059054 that if we obey
3BOXR-0yLC4-00192-00059055-00059391 god we will not
3BOXR-0yLC4-00193-00059391-00059703 get sick like the egyptians so
3BOXR-0yLC4-00194-00059704-00060038 what are the instructions given by god
3BOXR-0yLC4-00195-00060039-00060382 to moses the instructions
3BOXR-0yLC4-00196-00060383-00060791 include concerns about sanitation
3BOXR-0yLC4-00197-00060791-00061094 quarantine personal hygiene
3BOXR-0yLC4-00198-00061095-00061463 nutrition and some things that the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00199-00061464-00061630 egyptians did not know
3BOXR-0yLC4-00200-00061632-00061854 if you want to read those you will read
3BOXR-0yLC4-00201-00061855-00061942 some in this
3BOXR-0yLC4-00202-00061944-00062254 lecture but in the bible it's there you
3BOXR-0yLC4-00203-00062255-00062406 read the first five books
3BOXR-0yLC4-00204-00062407-00062759 of the bible where did moses get these
3BOXR-0yLC4-00205-00062760-00062942 amazing
3BOXR-0yLC4-00206-00062944-00063247 principles and guidelines of course from
3BOXR-0yLC4-00207-00063248-00063375 god
3BOXR-0yLC4-00208-00063376-00063735 god why because it is god who designed
3BOXR-0yLC4-00209-00063736-00064071 our bodies he knows how we can avoid
3BOXR-0yLC4-00210-00064072-00064182 diseases
3BOXR-0yLC4-00211-00064183-00064494 and keep our bodies at optimum
3BOXR-0yLC4-00212-00064495-00064687 performance
3BOXR-0yLC4-00213-00064688-00065071 so you can just imagine if you bought
3BOXR-0yLC4-00214-00065072-00065406 a car but you did not read
3BOXR-0yLC4-00215-00065407-00065719 what kind of oil what kind of fuel
3BOXR-0yLC4-00216-00065720-00066038 what kind of steering fuel
3BOXR-0yLC4-00217-00066039-00066367 transmission fuel and other things
3BOXR-0yLC4-00218-00066368-00066631 gear oil you have to put so you just put
3BOXR-0yLC4-00219-00066632-00066726 cooking oil
3BOXR-0yLC4-00220-00066727-00067103 because that's what you want to eat
3BOXR-0yLC4-00221-00067104-00067415 but it would not last long ride
3BOXR-0yLC4-00222-00067416-00067694 so more so if you want to take care of
3BOXR-0yLC4-00223-00067695-00067919 your car according to specifications of
3BOXR-0yLC4-00224-00067920-00068079 the manufacturer
3BOXR-0yLC4-00225-00068080-00068335 more so should you take should we take
3BOXR-0yLC4-00226-00068336-00068550 care of our bodies according to the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00227-00068551-00068655 manufacturer
3BOXR-0yLC4-00228-00068656-00068871 which is god and the manufacturer
3BOXR-0yLC4-00229-00068872-00069087 instructions on what to eat
3BOXR-0yLC4-00230-00069088-00069567 etc are in the bible amazing
3BOXR-0yLC4-00231-00069568-00069919 what should we put in our bodies
3BOXR-0yLC4-00232-00069920-00070303 it is in genesis 1 29 it says
3BOXR-0yLC4-00233-00070304-00070638 god said to adam and eve see
3BOXR-0yLC4-00234-00070639-00070975 i have given you every herb
3BOXR-0yLC4-00235-00070976-00071431 that yields seed which is on the face
3BOXR-0yLC4-00236-00071432-00071894 of the earth what is the original
3BOXR-0yLC4-00237-00071895-00072367 diet herbs
3BOXR-0yLC4-00238-00072368-00072719 and every tree whose fruit yields
3BOXR-0yLC4-00239-00072720-00073031 seed to you it shall be
3BOXR-0yLC4-00240-00073032-00073455 for food genesis 1 29 okay
3BOXR-0yLC4-00241-00073456-00073887 and you shall eat the herb of the field
3BOXR-0yLC4-00242-00073888-00074223 so nuts gruel grains
3BOXR-0yLC4-00243-00074224-00074638 and vegetables those were the original
3BOXR-0yLC4-00244-00074639-00075015 best diet for humans
3BOXR-0yLC4-00245-00075016-00075367 according to god and even science
3BOXR-0yLC4-00246-00075368-00075719 agrees with that
3BOXR-0yLC4-00247-00075720-00076079 genesis 5 27
3BOXR-0yLC4-00248-00076080-00076399 says so all the days of methuselah
3BOXR-0yLC4-00249-00076400-00076719 were 969
3BOXR-0yLC4-00250-00076720-00077159 years and he died 969
3BOXR-0yLC4-00251-00077160-00077623 almost 1000 years but because of sin
3BOXR-0yLC4-00252-00077624-00077911 nobody ever lived more than one
3BOXR-0yLC4-00253-00077912-00078006 prophetic
3BOXR-0yLC4-00254-00078007-00078238 day which is one thousand years because
3BOXR-0yLC4-00255-00078239-00078415 god said you shall
3BOXR-0yLC4-00256-00078416-00078631 on the day you eat of the fruit
3BOXR-0yLC4-00257-00078632-00078926 forbidden fruit you shall surely die so
3BOXR-0yLC4-00258-00078927-00079247 that's why nobody ever lived more than
3BOXR-0yLC4-00259-00079248-00079711 a thousand years genesis 5 29 methuselah
3BOXR-0yLC4-00260-00079712-00079847 the longest
3BOXR-0yLC4-00261-00079848-00080271 who 600 969
3BOXR-0yLC4-00262-00080272-00080631 years if you look at how the lifespan
3BOXR-0yLC4-00263-00080632-00081006 of people in history
3BOXR-0yLC4-00264-00081007-00081406 has lessened you will see noah
3BOXR-0yLC4-00265-00081407-00081743 sanchez did 600 years old
3BOXR-0yLC4-00266-00081744-00082055 his grandson 239 years old
3BOXR-0yLC4-00267-00082056-00082406 his great-grandson didn't know i know
3BOXR-0yLC4-00268-00082407-00082703 and his grands his children lived
3BOXR-0yLC4-00269-00082704-00082759 shorter
3BOXR-0yLC4-00270-00082760-00083087 because they ate meat
3BOXR-0yLC4-00271-00083088-00083438 by the time of king david before noah
3BOXR-0yLC4-00272-00083439-00083775 everybody was vegetarian
3BOXR-0yLC4-00273-00083776-00084055 at after the flood then they started
3BOXR-0yLC4-00274-00084056-00084175 eating it
3BOXR-0yLC4-00275-00084176-00084455 because there's no vegetables there's no
3BOXR-0yLC4-00276-00084456-00084559 trees
3BOXR-0yLC4-00277-00084560-00084887 by the time of king david man lived
3BOXR-0yLC4-00278-00084888-00085287 about 70 years
3BOXR-0yLC4-00279-00085288-00085767 so what was the reason
3BOXR-0yLC4-00280-00085768-00086071 in genesis 7 2
3BOXR-0yLC4-00281-00086072-00086279 because there are no more plants after
3BOXR-0yLC4-00282-00086280-00086462 the flood
3BOXR-0yLC4-00283-00086463-00086806 that said you shall take with you seven
3BOXR-0yLC4-00284-00086807-00087191 each of every clean animal so
3BOXR-0yLC4-00285-00087192-00087431 even during the flood they already knew
3BOXR-0yLC4-00286-00087432-00087559 what was clean
3BOXR-0yLC4-00287-00087560-00087862 and not clean a male
3BOXR-0yLC4-00288-00087863-00088206 and his female two each of animals that
3BOXR-0yLC4-00289-00088207-00088231 are
3BOXR-0yLC4-00290-00088232-00088711 unclean a male and it's female
3BOXR-0yLC4-00291-00088712-00089118 and you may eat every animal with
3BOXR-0yLC4-00292-00089119-00089567 cloven hooves okay so the hoof
3BOXR-0yLC4-00293-00089568-00090031 must be cloven like this
3BOXR-0yLC4-00294-00090032-00090455 okay like the cow and the carabao
3BOXR-0yLC4-00295-00090456-00090799 having the hoof split into two parts
3BOXR-0yLC4-00296-00090800-00091087 and choose the cut that means it eats
3BOXR-0yLC4-00297-00091088-00091150 grass
3BOXR-0yLC4-00298-00091151-00091438 and when it's resting it's still chewing
3BOXR-0yLC4-00299-00091439-00091575 the cud
3BOXR-0yLC4-00300-00091576-00091887 among the animals examples
3BOXR-0yLC4-00301-00091888-00092199 are the oaks sheep beer
3BOXR-0yLC4-00302-00092200-00092543 goat wild goat antelope cow gazelle
3BOXR-0yLC4-00303-00092544-00092894 and others it's in deuteronomy 14
3BOXR-0yLC4-00304-00092895-00093462 46 and also in leviticus 11.
3BOXR-0yLC4-00305-00093463-00093887 but these things you should not eat
3BOXR-0yLC4-00306-00093888-00094191 camel rabbit swine and
3BOXR-0yLC4-00307-00094192-00094543 rock and badger okay
3BOXR-0yLC4-00308-00094544-00094918 so those things are unclean
3BOXR-0yLC4-00309-00094919-00095399 these are clean
3BOXR-0yLC4-00310-00095400-00095759 and these are unclean including
3BOXR-0yLC4-00311-00095760-00096103 pigs swine
3BOXR-0yLC4-00312-00096104-00096406 leviticus 11 7 and 8 says
3BOXR-0yLC4-00313-00096407-00096774 and the swine though it divides the hoof
3BOXR-0yLC4-00314-00096775-00097079 having cloven hooves yet it does not
3BOXR-0yLC4-00315-00097080-00097215 chew the card
3BOXR-0yLC4-00316-00097216-00097574 it is unclean for you
3BOXR-0yLC4-00317-00097575-00097918 according to god their flesh
3BOXR-0yLC4-00318-00097919-00098182 you shall not eat this is about the pigs
3BOXR-0yLC4-00319-00098183-00098287 or swine
3BOXR-0yLC4-00320-00098288-00098631 and their carcasses you shall not touch
3BOXR-0yLC4-00321-00098632-00098991 they are unclean to you
3BOXR-0yLC4-00322-00098992-00099294 you know pigs have plenty of
3BOXR-0yLC4-00323-00099295-00099671 parasites because they are scavengers
3BOXR-0yLC4-00324-00099672-00100023 there is a small microbe
3BOXR-0yLC4-00325-00100024-00100599 called three kinosis
3BOXR-0yLC4-00326-00100600-00100838 i think that is the sickness that can
3BOXR-0yLC4-00327-00100839-00100999 kill you
3BOXR-0yLC4-00328-00101000-00101303 because god knew that these pigs
3BOXR-0yLC4-00329-00101304-00101638 are not food so even science
3BOXR-0yLC4-00330-00101639-00102031 agrees with what the bible says
3BOXR-0yLC4-00331-00102032-00102311 but there are many good things that god
3BOXR-0yLC4-00332-00102312-00102415 gave
3BOXR-0yLC4-00333-00102416-00102718 like fruits nuts and vegetables
3BOXR-0yLC4-00334-00102719-00103023 psalm 84 11 says no
3BOXR-0yLC4-00335-00103024-00103358 good thing will he withhold from those
3BOXR-0yLC4-00336-00103359-00103630 who walk uprightly that means the bad
3BOXR-0yLC4-00337-00103631-00103686 things
3BOXR-0yLC4-00338-00103688-00103975 god says donut do not do it do not eat
3BOXR-0yLC4-00339-00103976-00104030 them
3BOXR-0yLC4-00340-00104031-00104351 the good things like pineapple and the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00341-00104352-00104663 watermelon are fruits they are good and
3BOXR-0yLC4-00342-00104664-00104734 everybody
3BOXR-0yLC4-00343-00104735-00104999 likes them how about for fish
3BOXR-0yLC4-00344-00105000-00105143 deuteronomy 14 9
3BOXR-0yLC4-00345-00105144-00105423 and 10 says this you may eat of all that
3BOXR-0yLC4-00346-00105424-00105534 are in the water
3BOXR-0yLC4-00347-00105535-00105854 you may eat all that have fins
3BOXR-0yLC4-00348-00105855-00106239 and scales they have you have fins
3BOXR-0yLC4-00349-00106240-00106534 and scales and whatever does not have
3BOXR-0yLC4-00350-00106535-00106751 fins and scales you shall not eat
3BOXR-0yLC4-00351-00106752-00107071 it is unclean to you
3BOXR-0yLC4-00352-00107072-00107431 okay so there must have fins
3BOXR-0yLC4-00353-00107432-00107799 and scales there was a doctor named
3BOXR-0yLC4-00354-00107800-00108158 bruce halstead of loma linda university
3BOXR-0yLC4-00355-00108159-00108407 he was tasked by the u.s government to
3BOXR-0yLC4-00356-00108408-00108631 do a research for the military
3BOXR-0yLC4-00357-00108632-00108871 they wanted to know if you are stuck
3BOXR-0yLC4-00358-00108872-00108958 somewhere
3BOXR-0yLC4-00359-00108959-00109271 what kind of fish can you eat
3BOXR-0yLC4-00360-00109272-00109575 and according to the conclusion
3BOXR-0yLC4-00361-00109576-00109895 given to the military
3BOXR-0yLC4-00362-00109896-00110227 is very easy the israelites knew it
3BOXR-0yLC4-00363-00110228-00110615 3500 years ago it should have
3BOXR-0yLC4-00364-00110616-00111207 fins and scales so
3BOXR-0yLC4-00365-00111208-00111551 how about the verbs deuteronomy 14 11
3BOXR-0yLC4-00366-00111552-00111639 and 12 says
3BOXR-0yLC4-00367-00111640-00111958 all clean birds you may eat but this
3BOXR-0yLC4-00368-00111959-00112390 you shall not eat the vulture
3BOXR-0yLC4-00369-00112391-00112702 buzzard red kite falcon raven
3BOXR-0yLC4-00370-00112703-00113007 ostrich owl stork heron and
3BOXR-0yLC4-00371-00113008-00113295 the bat if you try to see the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00372-00113296-00113486 characteristics of all of this
3BOXR-0yLC4-00373-00113488-00113799 they are all
3BOXR-0yLC4-00374-00113800-00114158 scavengers or they are predators
3BOXR-0yLC4-00375-00114159-00114766 they eat other animals and other birds
3BOXR-0yLC4-00376-00114767-00115063 also every creeping thing that flies is
3BOXR-0yLC4-00377-00115064-00115134 unclean
3BOXR-0yLC4-00378-00115135-00115486 for you you shall not
3BOXR-0yLC4-00379-00115488-00115758 they shall not be eaten so everything
3BOXR-0yLC4-00380-00115759-00115886 that creeps
3BOXR-0yLC4-00381-00115888-00116599 on the belly you cannot eat
3BOXR-0yLC4-00382-00116600-00116878 is the are these instructions only for
3BOXR-0yLC4-00383-00116879-00117015 israelites
3BOXR-0yLC4-00384-00117016-00117519 no this was even before science
3BOXR-0yLC4-00385-00117520-00117831 leviticus 3 17 says this shall
3BOXR-0yLC4-00386-00117832-00118223 be a perpetual statute throughout your
3BOXR-0yLC4-00387-00118224-00118358 generations
3BOXR-0yLC4-00388-00118359-00118654 in all your dwellings you shall either
3BOXR-0yLC4-00389-00118655-00118751 eat
3BOXR-0yLC4-00390-00118752-00119086 neither eat fat nor blood
3BOXR-0yLC4-00391-00119088-00119447 sometimes you eat cow or chicken
3BOXR-0yLC4-00392-00119448-00119743 or clean but you eat the fat and the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00393-00119744-00119831 blood
3BOXR-0yLC4-00394-00119832-00120078 that's why you still get sick like the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00395-00120079-00120239 people who don't know
3BOXR-0yLC4-00396-00120240-00120599 the bible because we are eating the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00397-00120600-00120839 fat and the blood so make sure to remove
3BOXR-0yLC4-00398-00120840-00121095 it according to the bible
3BOXR-0yLC4-00399-00121096-00121319 we know that the blood carries all the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00400-00121320-00121463 impurities
3BOXR-0yLC4-00401-00121464-00121886 we know that the fat also gives us
3BOXR-0yLC4-00402-00121888-00122302 plenty of heart problems
3BOXR-0yLC4-00403-00122303-00122678 genesis 2 15 says
3BOXR-0yLC4-00404-00122679-00123063 not only food but we have to exercise
3BOXR-0yLC4-00405-00123064-00123319 genesis 2 15 then the lord god took the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00406-00123320-00123399 man and put him
3BOXR-0yLC4-00407-00123400-00123743 in the garden of eden to tend and keep
3BOXR-0yLC4-00408-00123744-00124054 it what is the best exercise
3BOXR-0yLC4-00409-00124055-00124358 gardening tending
3BOXR-0yLC4-00410-00124359-00124839 the garden
3BOXR-0yLC4-00411-00124840-00125199 in the sweat of your face you shall eat
3BOXR-0yLC4-00412-00125200-00125254 bread
3BOXR-0yLC4-00413-00125255-00125543 till you return to the ground you know
3BOXR-0yLC4-00414-00125544-00125758 gardening and labor
3BOXR-0yLC4-00415-00125759-00126102 is a blessing according to genesis
3BOXR-0yLC4-00416-00126103-00126463 3 19
3BOXR-0yLC4-00417-00126464-00126823 exercise yeah
3BOXR-0yLC4-00418-00126824-00127199 why does god care about our body because
3BOXR-0yLC4-00419-00127200-00127439 our body is the temple of the holy
3BOXR-0yLC4-00420-00127440-00127534 spirit
3BOXR-0yLC4-00421-00127535-00127863 first corinthians 6 9 10
3BOXR-0yLC4-00422-00127864-00128239 and 20 or do you know or do you not know
3BOXR-0yLC4-00423-00128240-00128510 that your body is the temple of the holy
3BOXR-0yLC4-00424-00128511-00128831 spirit which is in you
3BOXR-0yLC4-00425-00128832-00129086 or whom you have from god and you are
3BOXR-0yLC4-00426-00129088-00129231 not of your own
3BOXR-0yLC4-00427-00129232-00129478 for you were bought with a price
3BOXR-0yLC4-00428-00129479-00129671 therefore glorify god
3BOXR-0yLC4-00429-00129672-00130102 in our body and in your spirit which
3BOXR-0yLC4-00430-00130103-00130447 are gods so it's
3BOXR-0yLC4-00431-00130448-00130727 our body is not ours it's the temple of
3BOXR-0yLC4-00432-00130728-00131127 the holy spirit
3BOXR-0yLC4-00433-00131128-00131414 first corinthians 10 31 says therefore
3BOXR-0yLC4-00434-00131415-00131535 whether
3BOXR-0yLC4-00435-00131536-00131799 therefore ye eat or drink or whatever
3BOXR-0yLC4-00436-00131800-00131887 you do
3BOXR-0yLC4-00437-00131888-00132311 do all to the glory of god
3BOXR-0yLC4-00438-00132312-00132743 okay what if we
3BOXR-0yLC4-00439-00132744-00133007 do not take care of our body what will
3BOXR-0yLC4-00440-00133008-00133199 happen do you think god will give
3BOXR-0yLC4-00441-00133200-00133559 us trust us with more
3BOXR-0yLC4-00442-00133560-00133887 if we do not take care of our current
3BOXR-0yLC4-00443-00133888-00134343 body it says in first corinthians 3 17
3BOXR-0yLC4-00444-00134344-00134702 if anyone defiles the temple of god
3BOXR-0yLC4-00445-00134703-00134990 and our body is a temple of god god will
3BOXR-0yLC4-00446-00134991-00135102 destroy him
3BOXR-0yLC4-00447-00135103-00135478 also for the temple of god is holy
3BOXR-0yLC4-00448-00135479-00135902 which temple we are
3BOXR-0yLC4-00449-00135903-00136263 wow so this is god is entrusting us with
3BOXR-0yLC4-00450-00136264-00136359 this
3BOXR-0yLC4-00451-00136360-00136671 temporary temple so that if we are
3BOXR-0yLC4-00452-00136672-00136983 trustworthy with taking good care of it
3BOXR-0yLC4-00453-00136984-00137759 god will entrust us with the eternal
3BOXR-0yLC4-00454-00137760-00138078 do you first corinthians 6 9 and 10 do
3BOXR-0yLC4-00455-00138079-00138278 not be deceived
3BOXR-0yLC4-00456-00138279-00138590 neither fornicators nor
3BOXR-0yLC4-00457-00138591-00138943 idolaters nor adulterers
3BOXR-0yLC4-00458-00138944-00139302 nor homosexuals nor sodomites
3BOXR-0yLC4-00459-00139303-00139647 nor films nor covetous nor
3BOXR-0yLC4-00460-00139648-00140102 drunk cards so drunk drinking
3BOXR-0yLC4-00461-00140103-00140463 getting drunk is also not good
3BOXR-0yLC4-00462-00140464-00140887 we'll inherit the kingdom of god
3BOXR-0yLC4-00463-00140888-00141223 okay that is why seventh-day adventists
3BOXR-0yLC4-00464-00141224-00141527 prohibit alcohol
3BOXR-0yLC4-00465-00141528-00141847 consumption so it is also
3BOXR-0yLC4-00466-00141848-00142190 moral law and also physical
3BOXR-0yLC4-00467-00142191-00142487 not taking care of your body becoming a
3BOXR-0yLC4-00468-00142488-00142590 drunk card
3BOXR-0yLC4-00469-00142591-00143007 drinking alcohol the bible says you
3BOXR-0yLC4-00470-00143008-00143254 cannot go to heaven do not deceive
3BOXR-0yLC4-00471-00143255-00143439 yourselves you're not going to drink
3BOXR-0yLC4-00472-00143440-00143783 beer in heaven
3BOXR-0yLC4-00473-00143784-00144102 if you read the news you watch youtube
3BOXR-0yLC4-00474-00144103-00144414 most of the problems are from people
3BOXR-0yLC4-00475-00144415-00144719 who are drunk there is rape
3BOXR-0yLC4-00476-00144720-00145071 there are many car accidents many stupid
3BOXR-0yLC4-00477-00145072-00145239 things happen because people
3BOXR-0yLC4-00478-00145240-00145623 are drunk under the influence
3BOXR-0yLC4-00479-00145624-00145951 half of all murders is because the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00480-00145952-00146071 killer
3BOXR-0yLC4-00481-00146072-00146390 or both the victim have been
3BOXR-0yLC4-00482-00146391-00146775 drinking and then try to sue the police
3BOXR-0yLC4-00483-00146776-00147087 the establishment etc
3BOXR-0yLC4-00484-00147088-00147295 i wish they would sue the one who sold
3BOXR-0yLC4-00485-00147296-00147478 them liquor or the one who makes the
3BOXR-0yLC4-00486-00147479-00147614 liquor
3BOXR-0yLC4-00487-00147615-00147966 that's why participating in the liquor
3BOXR-0yLC4-00488-00147967-00148039 business
3BOXR-0yLC4-00489-00148040-00148495 is not very good
3BOXR-0yLC4-00490-00148496-00148847 not innocent proverbs 20
3BOXR-0yLC4-00491-00148848-00149159 verse 1 says wine is a mocker
3BOXR-0yLC4-00492-00149160-00149487 strong drink is a brawler and whoever
3BOXR-0yLC4-00493-00149488-00149966 is led astray by it is not wise
3BOXR-0yLC4-00494-00149967-00150335 23 31-32 cells don't do not look
3BOXR-0yLC4-00495-00150336-00150607 upon the wine when it is red when it
3BOXR-0yLC4-00496-00150608-00150702 sparkles
3BOXR-0yLC4-00497-00150703-00150990 in the cup when it swirls around
3BOXR-0yLC4-00498-00150991-00151087 smoothly
3BOXR-0yLC4-00499-00151088-00151414 at the last it bites like a serpent
3BOXR-0yLC4-00500-00151415-00151735 and stings like a viper
3BOXR-0yLC4-00501-00151736-00152031 and your eyes will see strange things
3BOXR-0yLC4-00502-00152032-00152223 and your heart will utter
3BOXR-0yLC4-00503-00152224-00152583 perverse things that's why
3BOXR-0yLC4-00504-00152584-00153047 do not drink liquor
3BOXR-0yLC4-00505-00153048-00153390 an alcoholic develops
3BOXR-0yLC4-00506-00153391-00153719 a fatty liver and
3BOXR-0yLC4-00507-00153720-00154031 will have the chances higher chances of
3BOXR-0yLC4-00508-00154032-00154166 dying from
3BOXR-0yLC4-00509-00154167-00154599 cirrhosis of the liver
3BOXR-0yLC4-00510-00154600-00154943 drink down cards have a lifespan shorter
3BOXR-0yLC4-00511-00154944-00155271 12 years on average according to
3BOXR-0yLC4-00512-00155272-00155519 statistics
3BOXR-0yLC4-00513-00155520-00155814 and most people who become drunkards
3BOXR-0yLC4-00514-00155815-00155878 start
3BOXR-0yLC4-00515-00155879-00156207 with a little drink so do not
3BOXR-0yLC4-00516-00156208-00156647 taste but for christians
3BOXR-0yLC4-00517-00156648-00156966 we understand that not only the liver
3BOXR-0yLC4-00518-00156967-00157254 but we also want to use our minds to
3BOXR-0yLC4-00519-00157255-00157335 understand
3BOXR-0yLC4-00520-00157336-00157590 god's word and to avoid satan's
3BOXR-0yLC4-00521-00157591-00157687 temptations
3BOXR-0yLC4-00522-00157688-00157871 when we are when you are drunk when
3BOXR-0yLC4-00523-00157872-00158023 people are drunk
3BOXR-0yLC4-00524-00158024-00158383 satan can inject any stupid things
3BOXR-0yLC4-00525-00158384-00158454 therefore
3BOXR-0yLC4-00526-00158455-00158726 we don't want to our judgment to be
3BOXR-0yLC4-00527-00158727-00158839 impeded
3BOXR-0yLC4-00528-00158840-00159078 and our control to be lost to
3BOXR-0yLC4-00529-00159079-00159302 distinguish between right and wrong
3BOXR-0yLC4-00530-00159303-00159478 drunkards
3BOXR-0yLC4-00531-00159479-00159726 i have a hard time distinguishing
3BOXR-0yLC4-00532-00159727-00159823 between right
3BOXR-0yLC4-00533-00159824-00160302 and wrong even between left and right
3BOXR-0yLC4-00534-00160303-00160671 what else cigarette smoking
3BOXR-0yLC4-00535-00160672-00161007 it causes cancer you just read the label
3BOXR-0yLC4-00536-00161008-00161287 cigarette smoking is that good for your
3BOXR-0yLC4-00537-00161288-00161431 health
3BOXR-0yLC4-00538-00161432-00161766 they have one thousand percent chance
3BOXR-0yLC4-00539-00161767-00162054 of dying from lung cancer those who
3BOXR-0yLC4-00540-00162055-00162231 smoke
3BOXR-0yLC4-00541-00162232-00162535 okay so thou shalt not kill
3BOXR-0yLC4-00542-00162536-00162887 the bible says those who smoke who are
3BOXR-0yLC4-00543-00162888-00163063 pregnant
3BOXR-0yLC4-00544-00163064-00163454 risk to put their child
3BOXR-0yLC4-00545-00163455-00163883 at uh infant death of more than 30
3BOXR-0yLC4-00546-00163884-00164007 percent
3BOXR-0yLC4-00547-00164008-00164278 so that means that almost half a million
3BOXR-0yLC4-00548-00164279-00164375 die
3BOXR-0yLC4-00549-00164376-00164678 because of each year die each year
3BOXR-0yLC4-00550-00164679-00164854 because of cigarette
3BOXR-0yLC4-00551-00164855-00165166 and then they try to get angry and
3BOXR-0yLC4-00552-00165167-00165495 but they should not just
3BOXR-0yLC4-00553-00165496-00165990 remove the just stop smoking
3BOXR-0yLC4-00554-00165991-00166383 caffeine the drug contained in coffee
3BOXR-0yLC4-00555-00166384-00166726 and other colas is classed
3BOXR-0yLC4-00556-00166727-00167102 in textbooks as both a stimulant
3BOXR-0yLC4-00557-00167103-00167547 and a poison according to dr harold
3BOXR-0yLC4-00558-00167548-00167838 cyrus
3BOXR-0yLC4-00559-00167839-00168135 a medical doctor okay it gives
3BOXR-0yLC4-00560-00168136-00168263 neurological
3BOXR-0yLC4-00561-00168264-00168590 disorders cancer of the can and
3BOXR-0yLC4-00562-00168591-00168863 cancer of the bladder so without
3BOXR-0yLC4-00563-00168864-00168951 caffeine
3BOXR-0yLC4-00564-00168952-00169447 our life will be better not addicted
3BOXR-0yLC4-00565-00169448-00169775 but if even if you eat
3BOXR-0yLC4-00566-00169776-00170095 the right things if you eat too much
3BOXR-0yLC4-00567-00170096-00170526 too much it's not good also
3BOXR-0yLC4-00568-00170527-00170799 someone has estimated that every pound
3BOXR-0yLC4-00569-00170800-00171038 of body fat calls
3BOXR-0yLC4-00570-00171039-00171366 for another for another two-thirds mile
3BOXR-0yLC4-00571-00171367-00171695 of new blood vessels
3BOXR-0yLC4-00572-00171696-00171951 so let us be temporary and the heart
3BOXR-0yLC4-00573-00171952-00172111 must pump blood
3BOXR-0yLC4-00574-00172112-00172414 through this extra system of
3BOXR-0yLC4-00575-00172415-00172838 vessels
3BOXR-0yLC4-00576-00172839-00173311 so let us enjoy the good things that god
3BOXR-0yLC4-00577-00173312-00173631 has given us let us be responsible
3BOXR-0yLC4-00578-00173632-00174031 and we will have a nice life
3BOXR-0yLC4-00579-00174032-00174337 if we follow god's instructions
3BOXR-0yLC4-00580-00174338-00174566 [Music]
3BOXR-0yLC4-00581-00174567-00175031 so one of the principles of health is
3BOXR-0yLC4-00582-00175032-00175399 also rest it says in math mark
3BOXR-0yLC4-00583-00175400-00175711 6 31 come aside by yourselves to a
3BOXR-0yLC4-00584-00175712-00175854 deserted place
3BOXR-0yLC4-00585-00175855-00176207 and rest a while
3BOXR-0yLC4-00586-00176208-00176607 rest is very important
3BOXR-0yLC4-00587-00176608-00177023 and if we want to follow god
3BOXR-0yLC4-00588-00177024-00177366 we we want to obey his will but
3BOXR-0yLC4-00589-00177367-00177735 is it difficult to obey god's will
3BOXR-0yLC4-00590-00177736-00178047 because we have fallen nature don't
3BOXR-0yLC4-00591-00178048-00178166 worry
3BOXR-0yLC4-00592-00178167-00178399 we cannot actually follow all of this by
3BOXR-0yLC4-00593-00178400-00178519 ourselves
3BOXR-0yLC4-00594-00178520-00178935 but with god you can do anything
3BOXR-0yLC4-00595-00178936-00179295 john 15 5 says without me
3BOXR-0yLC4-00596-00179296-00179702 you can do nothing but philippians 4
3BOXR-0yLC4-00597-00179703-00180023 13 says i can do all things through
3BOXR-0yLC4-00598-00180024-00180095 christ
3BOXR-0yLC4-00599-00180096-00180423 who strengthens me can you stop eating
3BOXR-0yLC4-00600-00180424-00180526 pork
3BOXR-0yLC4-00601-00180527-00180695 through jesus christ can you stop
3BOXR-0yLC4-00602-00180696-00180895 smoking and drinking through jesus
3BOXR-0yLC4-00603-00180896-00180959 christ
3BOXR-0yLC4-00604-00180960-00181183 when you overcome all of your bad health
3BOXR-0yLC4-00605-00181184-00181271 habits
3BOXR-0yLC4-00606-00181272-00181559 through jesus christ you can do all
3BOXR-0yLC4-00607-00181560-00181614 things
3BOXR-0yLC4-00608-00181615-00181895 and be freed from all those health
3BOXR-0yLC4-00609-00181896-00182087 abusers
3BOXR-0yLC4-00610-00182088-00182390 how about drugs
3BOXR-0yLC4-00611-00182391-00182790 or cocaine it causes
3BOXR-0yLC4-00612-00182791-00183111 moral bankruptcy social
3BOXR-0yLC4-00613-00183112-00183431 problems physical abuse
3BOXR-0yLC4-00614-00183432-00183831 and others and it is illegal
3BOXR-0yLC4-00615-00183832-00184166 so
3BOXR-0yLC4-00616-00184167-00184478 we have to some people
3BOXR-0yLC4-00617-00184479-00184883 need to go to
3BOXR-0yLC4-00618-00184884-00185175 rehabilitation like this guy
3BOXR-0yLC4-00619-00185176-00185519 named paul he could not
3BOXR-0yLC4-00620-00185520-00185759 break his old habits he used to be
3BOXR-0yLC4-00621-00185760-00185999 addicted to cocaine
3BOXR-0yLC4-00622-00186000-00186302 he lost all his money his friends his
3BOXR-0yLC4-00623-00186303-00186407 health
3BOXR-0yLC4-00624-00186408-00186766 and he he needed to
3BOXR-0yLC4-00625-00186767-00187143 look for help so
3BOXR-0yLC4-00626-00187144-00187407 he could not break the old habits these
3BOXR-0yLC4-00627-00187408-00187511 are addicting
3BOXR-0yLC4-00628-00187512-00187847 things but somebody introduced
3BOXR-0yLC4-00629-00187848-00188190 paul to jesus and he learned
3BOXR-0yLC4-00630-00188191-00188559 to he learned about how god loves him
3BOXR-0yLC4-00631-00188560-00188878 and how he could save him from his life
3BOXR-0yLC4-00632-00188879-00189135 and he gained the victory through jesus
3BOXR-0yLC4-00633-00189136-00189199 strength
3BOXR-0yLC4-00634-00189200-00189502 and power to overcome the habits that
3BOXR-0yLC4-00635-00189503-00189719 have enslaved him
3BOXR-0yLC4-00636-00189720-00190119 and he says if jesus can deliver me
3BOXR-0yLC4-00637-00190120-00190599 he can also help you with your habits
3BOXR-0yLC4-00638-00190600-00190943 so my friend god wants
3BOXR-0yLC4-00639-00190944-00191263 us to have health spiritually
3BOXR-0yLC4-00640-00191264-00191599 emotionally and physically
3BOXR-0yLC4-00641-00191600-00191983 so it might take might be an addiction
3BOXR-0yLC4-00642-00191984-00192119 to a stimulant
3BOXR-0yLC4-00643-00192120-00192478 like coffee or drugs
3BOXR-0yLC4-00644-00192479-00192895 or beer or smoking
3BOXR-0yLC4-00645-00192896-00193319 or a behavior that's not good or food
3BOXR-0yLC4-00646-00193320-00193583 god understands and he will give us
3BOXR-0yLC4-00647-00193584-00193695 strength
3BOXR-0yLC4-00648-00193696-00194014 to overcome if we ask
3BOXR-0yLC4-00649-00194015-00194326 god for help let's pray our father in
3BOXR-0yLC4-00650-00194327-00194543 heaven we thank you for your warnings
3BOXR-0yLC4-00651-00194544-00194743 for your instructions for us to live
3BOXR-0yLC4-00652-00194744-00194854 longer
3BOXR-0yLC4-00653-00194855-00195199 and be good stewards of the body you
3BOXR-0yLC4-00654-00195200-00195263 have lent
3BOXR-0yLC4-00655-00195264-00195495 us forgive us from all our mistakes in
3BOXR-0yLC4-00656-00195496-00195575 the past
3BOXR-0yLC4-00657-00195576-00195847 give us wisdom and understanding to obey
3BOXR-0yLC4-00658-00195848-00195975 your word
3BOXR-0yLC4-00659-00195976-00196231 in jesus name you pray a name
3BOXR-0yLC4-00660-00196232-00196548 [Music]
3HR0SiV3WHu-00000-00000006-00000248 you'll hear all the experts say that's
3HR0SiV3WHu-00001-00000249-00000503 keeping a notebook is invaluable but
3HR0SiV3WHu-00002-00000504-00000767 what are the reasons for doing so well
3HR0SiV3WHu-00003-00000768-00001012 in this video we look at five reasons
3HR0SiV3WHu-00004-00001013-00001307 you need to keep a notebook number one
3HR0SiV3WHu-00005-00001308-00001636 stretch IQ while it's debatable whether
3HR0SiV3WHu-00006-00001637-00001882 you can increase your IQ studies have
3HR0SiV3WHu-00007-00001884-00002048 supported the idea that you have the
3HR0SiV3WHu-00008-00002049-00002368 ability to change your IQ a report by
3HR0SiV3WHu-00009-00002369-00002602 the University of Victoria noted that
3HR0SiV3WHu-00010-00002603-00002800 writing as a part of language learning
3HR0SiV3WHu-00011-00002801-00003001 has a positive correlation with
3HR0SiV3WHu-00012-00003002-00003278 intelligence this is because keeping a
3HR0SiV3WHu-00013-00003279-00003490 journal is an exploration of language
3HR0SiV3WHu-00014-00003492-00003704 and you'll have the natural urge to
3HR0SiV3WHu-00015-00003704-00003922 search for new words and increase your
3HR0SiV3WHu-00016-00003923-00004253 vocabulary the report also says one of
3HR0SiV3WHu-00017-00004254-00004460 the best single measures of overall
3HR0SiV3WHu-00018-00004461-00004702 intelligence as measured by intelligence
3HR0SiV3WHu-00019-00004703-00005111 tests is vocabulary number to develop
3HR0SiV3WHu-00020-00005112-00005390 emotional intelligence emotional
3HR0SiV3WHu-00021-00005391-00005608 intelligence is the ability to perceive
3HR0SiV3WHu-00022-00005609-00005897 understand and manage your emotions as
3HR0SiV3WHu-00023-00005898-00006163 well as those of others by journaling
3HR0SiV3WHu-00024-00006164-00006365 you have an outlet for processing
3HR0SiV3WHu-00025-00006366-00006598 emotions and increases self-awareness
3HR0SiV3WHu-00026-00006600-00006845 that's becoming more mindful of your
3HR0SiV3WHu-00027-00006845-00007106 emotions this acknowledgement of
3HR0SiV3WHu-00028-00007106-00007306 emotions becomes a bridge of empathy
3HR0SiV3WHu-00029-00007308-00007534 which helps you better interpret and
3HR0SiV3WHu-00030-00007536-00007756 understand what others are experiencing
3HR0SiV3WHu-00031-00007758-00008063 any given moment by developing emotional
3HR0SiV3WHu-00032-00008064-00008270 intelligence you can build a stronger
3HR0SiV3WHu-00033-00008271-00008483 rapport and understanding with others
3HR0SiV3WHu-00034-00008484-00008739 allowing for much deeper connections
3HR0SiV3WHu-00035-00008740-00009199 number 3 boost memory there's an
3HR0SiV3WHu-00036-00009200-00009377 interesting relationship between motor
3HR0SiV3WHu-00037-00009378-00009635 skills using hand and the brain allowing
3HR0SiV3WHu-00038-00009636-00009853 for memory to be improved as a result
3HR0SiV3WHu-00039-00009854-00010156 words allow you to articulate ideas and
3HR0SiV3WHu-00040-00010157-00010376 the formation of letters causes the mind
3HR0SiV3WHu-00041-00010377-00010663 to compose or recompose ideas while
3HR0SiV3WHu-00042-00010664-00010937 journal in this action cements your
3HR0SiV3WHu-00043-00010938-00011120 memory and understanding of previously
3HR0SiV3WHu-00044-00011121-00011371 covered information and forces you to
3HR0SiV3WHu-00045-00011372-00011669 engage in cognitive recall which is why
3HR0SiV3WHu-00046-00011670-00011917 when studying or learning it is often
3HR0SiV3WHu-00047-00011918-00012124 suggested to take handwritten notes to
3HR0SiV3WHu-00048-00012125-00012287 help you remember the information you
3HR0SiV3WHu-00049-00012288-00012641 are learning number 4 improve
3HR0SiV3WHu-00050-00012642-00012971 communication skills a Stanford report
3HR0SiV3WHu-00051-00012972-00013166 has previously stated that writing has
3HR0SiV3WHu-00052-00013166-00013232 critical
3HR0SiV3WHu-00053-00013233-00013526 connections to speaking as journaling is
3HR0SiV3WHu-00054-00013527-00013763 a form of written communication it can
3HR0SiV3WHu-00055-00013763-00013910 serve to help you develop your
3HR0SiV3WHu-00056-00013911-00014126 communication skills including your
3HR0SiV3WHu-00057-00014127-00014411 speaking skills not only will you learn
3HR0SiV3WHu-00058-00014412-00014594 to articulate your thoughts and more
3HR0SiV3WHu-00059-00014594-00014855 effective and creative ways but you will
3HR0SiV3WHu-00060-00014856-00015155 also develop your vocabulary all of this
3HR0SiV3WHu-00061-00015156-00015326 will help you to be more confident in a
3HR0SiV3WHu-00062-00015327-00015500 place where communication is paramount
3HR0SiV3WHu-00063-00015501-00015725 which in today's world is in almost
3HR0SiV3WHu-00064-00015726-00015988 every role someone might undertake
3HR0SiV3WHu-00065-00015988-00016457 number five increase creativity when you
3HR0SiV3WHu-00066-00016458-00016610 write you encourage creative thinking
3HR0SiV3WHu-00067-00016611-00016793 and all thoughts and emotions to flow
3HR0SiV3WHu-00068-00016794-00017024 more freely and naturally as you write
3HR0SiV3WHu-00069-00017025-00017276 if you develop your skills and learning
3HR0SiV3WHu-00070-00017277-00017492 to write without thinking also called
3HR0SiV3WHu-00071-00017493-00017735 stream of consciousness writing it will
3HR0SiV3WHu-00072-00017736-00017915 help you overcome potential writer's
3HR0SiV3WHu-00073-00017916-00018167 block and also help you articulate and
3HR0SiV3WHu-00074-00018168-00018347 bring out thoughts and ideas you
3HR0SiV3WHu-00075-00018348-00018530 previously never realized you had within
3HR0SiV3WHu-00076-00018531-00018842 you so learn to write daily within a
3HR0SiV3WHu-00077-00018843-00019058 notebook as doing so will help you
3HR0SiV3WHu-00078-00019059-00019262 unlock talent within you that you never
3HR0SiV3WHu-00079-00019263-00019688 realized existed thanks for watching
3HR0SiV3WHu-00080-00019689-00019937 please like share and subscribe as we
3HR0SiV3WHu-00081-00019938-00020186 help you live life on your terms don't
3HR0SiV3WHu-00082-00020187-00020347 forget to hit the bell icon to enjoy
3HR0SiV3WHu-00083-00020348-00020543 YouTube notifies you of the latest
3HR0SiV3WHu-00084-00020544-00020969 foods
3HR0SiV3WHu-00085-00020970-00021176 you
3Kc34TUGpto-00000-00000053-00000647 [Music]
3Kc34TUGpto-00001-00000648-00000782 hello everyone welcome to the cube's
3Kc34TUGpto-00002-00000783-00001047 presentation of the 80 startup showcase
3Kc34TUGpto-00003-00001048-00001343 season two episode two the theme is data
3Kc34TUGpto-00004-00001344-00001535 as code the future of analytics i'm john
3Kc34TUGpto-00005-00001536-00001687 furrier your host we had a great day
3Kc34TUGpto-00006-00001688-00001887 line up for you fast growing startups
3Kc34TUGpto-00007-00001888-00001998 great lineup
3Kc34TUGpto-00008-00002000-00002295 of companies founders and stories around
3Kc34TUGpto-00009-00002296-00002487 data as code and we're going to kick it
3Kc34TUGpto-00010-00002488-00002623 off here with our opening keynote with
3Kc34TUGpto-00011-00002624-00002958 rahul patak vp of analytics at aws cube
3Kc34TUGpto-00012-00002959-00003199 alumni where i will thank you for coming
3Kc34TUGpto-00013-00003200-00003399 on and being the opening keynote for
3Kc34TUGpto-00014-00003400-00003599 this awesome event
3Kc34TUGpto-00015-00003600-00003759 john it's great to see you and it's
3Kc34TUGpto-00016-00003760-00003951 great to be part of this event and i'm
3Kc34TUGpto-00017-00003952-00004175 excited to uh to help showcase some of
3Kc34TUGpto-00018-00004176-00004319 the great innovation that startups are
3Kc34TUGpto-00019-00004320-00004559 doing on top of aws yeah we last spoke
3Kc34TUGpto-00020-00004560-00004879 at aws re invent and uh a lot's happened
3Kc34TUGpto-00021-00004880-00005047 there service losses serverless is the
3Kc34TUGpto-00022-00005048-00005247 center of the of the action but all
3Kc34TUGpto-00023-00005248-00005470 these startups rock set dremeo cribble
3Kc34TUGpto-00024-00005471-00005783 mux next lecardo ohana imply all doing
3Kc34TUGpto-00025-00005784-00006086 great stuff data as code has a lot of
3Kc34TUGpto-00026-00006087-00006191 traction
3Kc34TUGpto-00027-00006192-00006295 so
3Kc34TUGpto-00028-00006296-00006470 a lot of still momentum going on in the
3Kc34TUGpto-00029-00006472-00006631 marketplace
3Kc34TUGpto-00030-00006631-00006870 uh pretty exciting
3Kc34TUGpto-00031-00006872-00007087 no it's uh it's awesome i mean i think
3Kc34TUGpto-00032-00007088-00007255 there's so much innovation happening and
3Kc34TUGpto-00033-00007256-00007423 you know the wonderful part of working
3Kc34TUGpto-00034-00007423-00007574 with data is that
3Kc34TUGpto-00035-00007575-00007831 our demand for uh services and products
3Kc34TUGpto-00036-00007831-00007998 that help customers drive insight from
3Kc34TUGpto-00037-00008000-00008119 data is
3Kc34TUGpto-00038-00008120-00008383 just skyrocketing and has no sign of no
3Kc34TUGpto-00039-00008384-00008646 sign of slowing down and so it's a great
3Kc34TUGpto-00040-00008647-00008814 time to be in the data business it's
3Kc34TUGpto-00041-00008815-00008999 interesting to see the theme of the show
3Kc34TUGpto-00042-00009000-00009142 getting traction because you start to
3Kc34TUGpto-00043-00009143-00009399 see data being treated almost like how
3Kc34TUGpto-00044-00009400-00009614 developers write software taking things
3Kc34TUGpto-00045-00009615-00009823 out of branches working on them putting
3Kc34TUGpto-00046-00009824-00009974 them back in
3Kc34TUGpto-00047-00009975-00010206 machine learning's getting iterated on
3Kc34TUGpto-00048-00010207-00010406 you're seeing more models being trained
3Kc34TUGpto-00049-00010407-00010631 differently with better insights action
3Kc34TUGpto-00050-00010632-00010919 ones all kind of like working like code
3Kc34TUGpto-00051-00010920-00011135 and this is a whole nother way people
3Kc34TUGpto-00052-00011136-00011359 are reinventing their businesses this
3Kc34TUGpto-00053-00011360-00011591 has been a big huge wave what's your
3Kc34TUGpto-00054-00011592-00011799 reaction to that
3Kc34TUGpto-00055-00011800-00011991 i i think it's spot on i mean i think
3Kc34TUGpto-00056-00011992-00012078 the
3Kc34TUGpto-00057-00012079-00012255 idea of data is code and bringing some
3Kc34TUGpto-00058-00012256-00012446 of the repeatability of processes from
3Kc34TUGpto-00059-00012447-00012614 software development into how people
3Kc34TUGpto-00060-00012615-00012815 build data applications is absolutely
3Kc34TUGpto-00061-00012816-00012999 fundamental
3Kc34TUGpto-00062-00013000-00013166 especially so in machine learning where
3Kc34TUGpto-00063-00013168-00013255 you need to think about the
3Kc34TUGpto-00064-00013256-00013463 explainability of a model what version
3Kc34TUGpto-00065-00013463-00013663 of the world was it trained on
3Kc34TUGpto-00066-00013663-00013807 when you build a better model you need
3Kc34TUGpto-00067-00013808-00013983 to be able to explain and reproduce it
3Kc34TUGpto-00068-00013984-00014103 so
3Kc34TUGpto-00069-00014104-00014335 i think your insight spot on and these
3Kc34TUGpto-00070-00014336-00014566 ideas and are showing up in all stages
3Kc34TUGpto-00071-00014568-00014758 of data workflow from ingestion to
3Kc34TUGpto-00072-00014759-00014983 analytics to ml this next wave is about
3Kc34TUGpto-00073-00014984-00015127 modernization
3Kc34TUGpto-00074-00015128-00015319 and going to the next level with cloud
3Kc34TUGpto-00075-00015319-00015430 scale
3Kc34TUGpto-00076-00015431-00015550 thank you so much for coming on and
3Kc34TUGpto-00077-00015551-00015719 being the keynote presenter here for
3Kc34TUGpto-00078-00015719-00015958 this great event um i'll let you take it
3Kc34TUGpto-00079-00015959-00016238 away reinventing businesses with aws
3Kc34TUGpto-00080-00016240-00016447 analytics we'll take it away
3Kc34TUGpto-00081-00016448-00016711 okay perfect
3Kc34TUGpto-00082-00016712-00016927 well folks we're going to talk about
3Kc34TUGpto-00083-00016928-00017191 reinventing your business with data and
3Kc34TUGpto-00084-00017192-00017455 if you think about it the first wave of
3Kc34TUGpto-00085-00017456-00017622 reinvention was really driven by the
3Kc34TUGpto-00086-00017623-00017822 cloud as customers were able to
3Kc34TUGpto-00087-00017823-00017975 really transform how they thought about
3Kc34TUGpto-00088-00017976-00018143 technology and that's well underway
3Kc34TUGpto-00089-00018144-00018303 although if you
3Kc34TUGpto-00090-00018304-00018447 stop and think about it i think we're
3Kc34TUGpto-00091-00018448-00018591 only about five to ten percent of the
3Kc34TUGpto-00092-00018592-00018799 weight done in terms of itt span being
3Kc34TUGpto-00093-00018800-00018975 on the cloud so lots of work to do there
3Kc34TUGpto-00094-00018976-00019094 but we're seeing another wave of
3Kc34TUGpto-00095-00019095-00019222 reinvention
3Kc34TUGpto-00096-00019223-00019414 uh which is companies reinventing their
3Kc34TUGpto-00097-00019415-00019599 businesses with data and really using
3Kc34TUGpto-00098-00019600-00019767 data to transform what they're doing to
3Kc34TUGpto-00099-00019768-00019950 look for new opportunities
3Kc34TUGpto-00100-00019951-00020086 and look for ways to operate more
3Kc34TUGpto-00101-00020087-00020239 efficiently and i think the past couple
3Kc34TUGpto-00102-00020240-00020399 of years the pandemic have really only
3Kc34TUGpto-00103-00020400-00020599 accelerated that trend
3Kc34TUGpto-00104-00020600-00020783 and so what we're seeing is
3Kc34TUGpto-00105-00020784-00020919 uh you know it's really about the
3Kc34TUGpto-00106-00020920-00021135 survival of the most informed folks with
3Kc34TUGpto-00107-00021136-00021311 the best data are able to react more
3Kc34TUGpto-00108-00021312-00021503 quickly to what's happening
3Kc34TUGpto-00109-00021504-00021694 we've seen customers being able to scale
3Kc34TUGpto-00110-00021695-00021839 up if they're in say the delivery
3Kc34TUGpto-00111-00021840-00022014 business or scaled down if they were in
3Kc34TUGpto-00112-00022015-00022150 the travel business at the beginning of
3Kc34TUGpto-00113-00022151-00022294 all of this
3Kc34TUGpto-00114-00022295-00022463 and then using data to be able to find
3Kc34TUGpto-00115-00022464-00022647 new opportunities and new ways to serve
3Kc34TUGpto-00116-00022648-00022775 customers and so it's really
3Kc34TUGpto-00117-00022776-00022919 foundational
3Kc34TUGpto-00118-00022920-00023078 and we're seeing this across the board
3Kc34TUGpto-00119-00023079-00023207 and so
3Kc34TUGpto-00120-00023208-00023311 you know it's great to see the
3Kc34TUGpto-00121-00023312-00023455 information that's happening to help
3Kc34TUGpto-00122-00023456-00023694 customers make sense of all of this
3Kc34TUGpto-00123-00023695-00023878 and our customers are really looking at
3Kc34TUGpto-00124-00023879-00024063 ways to put data to work
3Kc34TUGpto-00125-00024064-00024230 it's about making better decisions
3Kc34TUGpto-00126-00024231-00024455 finding new efficiencies
3Kc34TUGpto-00127-00024456-00024614 and really finding new opportunities to
3Kc34TUGpto-00128-00024615-00024814 succeed in scale
3Kc34TUGpto-00129-00024815-00024911 and
3Kc34TUGpto-00130-00024912-00025111 you know when it comes to good examples
3Kc34TUGpto-00131-00025112-00025311 of this finra is a great one you may not
3Kc34TUGpto-00132-00025312-00025486 have heard of them but the u.s equities
3Kc34TUGpto-00133-00025487-00025655 regulators for all trading that happens
3Kc34TUGpto-00134-00025656-00025911 in equities they keep track of they look
3Kc34TUGpto-00135-00025912-00026214 at about 250 billion records per day
3Kc34TUGpto-00136-00026216-00026479 uh these amazon emr which is a spark and
3Kc34TUGpto-00137-00026480-00026670 hadoop service and they're processing 20
3Kc34TUGpto-00138-00026672-00026862 terabytes of data
3Kc34TUGpto-00139-00026863-00027023 running across tens of thousands of
3Kc34TUGpto-00140-00027024-00027174 nodes and they're looking for fraud and
3Kc34TUGpto-00141-00027175-00027414 bad actors in the market so um you know
3Kc34TUGpto-00142-00027416-00027679 huge uh transformation journey for finra
3Kc34TUGpto-00143-00027680-00027823 over the years a customer i've gotten to
3Kc34TUGpto-00144-00027824-00028007 work with personally since uh really
3Kc34TUGpto-00145-00028008-00028327 2013 onwards so it's been amazing to see
3Kc34TUGpto-00146-00028327-00028502 their journey
3Kc34TUGpto-00147-00028504-00028655 pinterest another great customer i'm
3Kc34TUGpto-00148-00028656-00028855 sure everyone's familiar with but you
3Kc34TUGpto-00149-00028856-00028983 know they're about visual search and
3Kc34TUGpto-00150-00028983-00029231 discovery and commerce and they're able
3Kc34TUGpto-00151-00029232-00029327 to
3Kc34TUGpto-00152-00029327-00029567 scale their daily log searches
3Kc34TUGpto-00153-00029568-00029846 really a factor of 3x or more drive down
3Kc34TUGpto-00154-00029847-00030062 their costs and they're using the amazon
3Kc34TUGpto-00155-00030063-00030374 open search service
3Kc34TUGpto-00156-00030375-00030511 and really what we're trying to do at
3Kc34TUGpto-00157-00030512-00030687 aws is give our customers the most
3Kc34TUGpto-00158-00030688-00030870 comprehensive set of services for the
3Kc34TUGpto-00159-00030872-00031102 end-to-end journey around data from
3Kc34TUGpto-00160-00031103-00031270 ingestion to analytics to machine
3Kc34TUGpto-00161-00031272-00031367 learning
3Kc34TUGpto-00162-00031368-00031487 and we will want to provide a
3Kc34TUGpto-00163-00031488-00031790 comprehensive set of capabilities for
3Kc34TUGpto-00164-00031791-00032031 ingestion cataloging analytics and then
3Kc34TUGpto-00165-00032032-00032199 machine learning and all of these are
3Kc34TUGpto-00166-00032200-00032311 things that
3Kc34TUGpto-00167-00032312-00032479 our partners and the startups that run
3Kc34TUGpto-00168-00032480-00032679 on us have available to them to build on
3Kc34TUGpto-00169-00032680-00032879 as they build and deliver value for
3Kc34TUGpto-00170-00032880-00033167 their customers
3Kc34TUGpto-00171-00033168-00033335 and you know the way we think about this
3Kc34TUGpto-00172-00033336-00033527 is we want customers to be able to
3Kc34TUGpto-00173-00033528-00033687 modernize what they're doing
3Kc34TUGpto-00174-00033688-00033855 and their infrastructure and we provide
3Kc34TUGpto-00175-00033856-00034055 services for that it's about unifying
3Kc34TUGpto-00176-00034056-00034295 data wherever it lives connecting it so
3Kc34TUGpto-00177-00034296-00034446 that customers can build a complete
3Kc34TUGpto-00178-00034447-00034702 picture of their customers and business
3Kc34TUGpto-00179-00034703-00034862 and then it's about innovation and
3Kc34TUGpto-00180-00034863-00035023 really using machine learning to bring
3Kc34TUGpto-00181-00035024-00035207 all of this unified data to bear on
3Kc34TUGpto-00182-00035208-00035423 driving new uh innovation and new
3Kc34TUGpto-00183-00035424-00035639 opportunities for customers
3Kc34TUGpto-00184-00035640-00035862 and what we're trying to do at aws is
3Kc34TUGpto-00185-00035863-00036079 really provide a scalable and secure
3Kc34TUGpto-00186-00036080-00036255 cloud platform that customers and
3Kc34TUGpto-00187-00036256-00036487 partners can build on
3Kc34TUGpto-00188-00036488-00036759 unifying is about connecting uh data and
3Kc34TUGpto-00189-00036760-00036918 it's also about providing well-governed
3Kc34TUGpto-00190-00036919-00037095 access to data so one of the big trends
3Kc34TUGpto-00191-00037096-00037351 that we see is customers looking for
3Kc34TUGpto-00192-00037352-00037559 uh the ability to make self-service data
3Kc34TUGpto-00193-00037560-00037702 available to their customers to their
3Kc34TUGpto-00194-00037703-00037815 end users
3Kc34TUGpto-00195-00037816-00037990 and the key to that is good uh
3Kc34TUGpto-00196-00037991-00038159 foundational governance once you can
3Kc34TUGpto-00197-00038160-00038407 define good access controls you then are
3Kc34TUGpto-00198-00038408-00038718 more comfortable setting data free and
3Kc34TUGpto-00199-00038719-00038911 the other part of it is uh data lakes
3Kc34TUGpto-00200-00038912-00039062 play a huge role because you need to be
3Kc34TUGpto-00201-00039063-00039199 able to think about structured and
3Kc34TUGpto-00202-00039200-00039415 unstructured data in fact about 80
3Kc34TUGpto-00203-00039416-00039535 percent of the data being generated
3Kc34TUGpto-00204-00039536-00039646 today
3Kc34TUGpto-00205-00039647-00039823 is unstructured
3Kc34TUGpto-00206-00039824-00039974 and you want to be able to connect data
3Kc34TUGpto-00207-00039975-00040183 that's in data lakes with data that's in
3Kc34TUGpto-00208-00040184-00040359 purpose built data stores whether that's
3Kc34TUGpto-00209-00040360-00040655 databases on aws databases outside
3Kc34TUGpto-00210-00040656-00040895 success products as well as things like
3Kc34TUGpto-00211-00040896-00041046 data warehouses and machine learning
3Kc34TUGpto-00212-00041047-00041246 systems but really connecting data is
3Kc34TUGpto-00213-00041247-00041390 key
3Kc34TUGpto-00214-00041391-00041599 and then innovation
3Kc34TUGpto-00215-00041600-00041783 how can we bring to bear and reimagine
3Kc34TUGpto-00216-00041784-00042007 old processes with new technologies like
3Kc34TUGpto-00217-00042008-00042311 ai and machine learning and ai is also
3Kc34TUGpto-00218-00042312-00042471 key to unlocking a lot of the value
3Kc34TUGpto-00219-00042472-00042623 that's in unstructured data if you can
3Kc34TUGpto-00220-00042624-00042767 figure out what's in an image or the
3Kc34TUGpto-00221-00042768-00042943 sentiment of audio
3Kc34TUGpto-00222-00042944-00043118 and do that in real time that lets you
3Kc34TUGpto-00223-00043119-00043327 then personalize and dynamically tailor
3Kc34TUGpto-00224-00043328-00043502 experiences
3Kc34TUGpto-00225-00043503-00043679 all of which are super important to
3Kc34TUGpto-00226-00043680-00043799 getting an edge
3Kc34TUGpto-00227-00043800-00044046 in the modern marketplace
3Kc34TUGpto-00228-00044047-00044230 and so at aws we
3Kc34TUGpto-00229-00044231-00044399 really think about connecting the dots
3Kc34TUGpto-00230-00044400-00044646 across sources of data
3Kc34TUGpto-00231-00044647-00044862 allowing customers to use data lakes
3Kc34TUGpto-00232-00044863-00045079 databases analytics and machine learning
3Kc34TUGpto-00233-00045080-00045246 we want to provide a common catalog and
3Kc34TUGpto-00234-00045247-00045399 governance
3Kc34TUGpto-00235-00045400-00045607 and then use these to help drive new
3Kc34TUGpto-00236-00045608-00045815 experiences for customers and their apps
3Kc34TUGpto-00237-00045816-00045983 and their devices
3Kc34TUGpto-00238-00045984-00046167 and then this you know in an ideal world
3Kc34TUGpto-00239-00046168-00046335 will create a closed loop so you create
3Kc34TUGpto-00240-00046336-00046471 a new experience you observe how
3Kc34TUGpto-00241-00046472-00046655 customers interact with it that
3Kc34TUGpto-00242-00046656-00046879 generates more data which is a source
3Kc34TUGpto-00243-00046880-00047207 that feeds into the system
3Kc34TUGpto-00244-00047208-00047455 and you know on aws
3Kc34TUGpto-00245-00047456-00047711 thinking about a modern data strategy
3Kc34TUGpto-00246-00047712-00047862 really at the core is
3Kc34TUGpto-00247-00047863-00048055 data lakes built on s3 and i'll talk
3Kc34TUGpto-00248-00048056-00048190 more about that in a second then you've
3Kc34TUGpto-00249-00048191-00048383 got services like athena and glue and
3Kc34TUGpto-00250-00048384-00048567 link formation for managing that data
3Kc34TUGpto-00251-00048568-00048911 cataloging it and querying it in place
3Kc34TUGpto-00252-00048912-00049071 and then you have the ability to use the
3Kc34TUGpto-00253-00049072-00049230 right tool for the right job and so
3Kc34TUGpto-00254-00049231-00049399 we're big believers in purpose-built
3Kc34TUGpto-00255-00049400-00049574 services for data because that's the way
3Kc34TUGpto-00256-00049575-00049655 you
3Kc34TUGpto-00257-00049656-00049862 can avoid compromising on performance
3Kc34TUGpto-00258-00049863-00050046 functionality or skill
3Kc34TUGpto-00259-00050047-00050286 and then as i mentioned unification and
3Kc34TUGpto-00260-00050287-00050455 interconnecting all of that data so if
3Kc34TUGpto-00261-00050456-00050590 you need to move data between these
3Kc34TUGpto-00262-00050591-00050711 systems
3Kc34TUGpto-00263-00050712-00050879 there's well-trodden pathways that allow
3Kc34TUGpto-00264-00050880-00051062 you to do that and features built into
3Kc34TUGpto-00265-00051063-00051407 services that enable them
3Kc34TUGpto-00266-00051408-00051623 and you know some of the core ideas that
3Kc34TUGpto-00267-00051624-00051807 guide the work that we do
3Kc34TUGpto-00268-00051808-00052070 scalable data lakes at key and you know
3Kc34TUGpto-00269-00052071-00052214 this is really about providing
3Kc34TUGpto-00270-00052215-00052423 arbitrarily scalable high throughput
3Kc34TUGpto-00271-00052424-00052542 systems
3Kc34TUGpto-00272-00052544-00052775 it's about open format data for future
3Kc34TUGpto-00273-00052776-00052879 proofing
3Kc34TUGpto-00274-00052879-00053054 uh then we talk about purpose-built
3Kc34TUGpto-00275-00053055-00053238 systems that's the best possible
3Kc34TUGpto-00276-00053239-00053503 functionality performance and cost
3Kc34TUGpto-00277-00053504-00053671 and then from a serverless perspective
3Kc34TUGpto-00278-00053672-00053863 there's been another big trend for us we
3Kc34TUGpto-00279-00053864-00054030 announced a bunch of serverless services
3Kc34TUGpto-00280-00054032-00054182 and reinvented the goal here is to
3Kc34TUGpto-00281-00054183-00054342 really take away
3Kc34TUGpto-00282-00054344-00054519 the need to manage infrastructure from
3Kc34TUGpto-00283-00054520-00054694 customers they can really focus about
3Kc34TUGpto-00284-00054695-00054959 driving differentiated business value
3Kc34TUGpto-00285-00054960-00055159 integrated governance and then machine
3Kc34TUGpto-00286-00055160-00055471 learning pervasively not just as a
3Kc34TUGpto-00287-00055472-00055647 end product for data scientists but also
3Kc34TUGpto-00288-00055648-00055807 machine learning built into data
3Kc34TUGpto-00289-00055808-00056263 warehouses visualization and databases
3Kc34TUGpto-00290-00056264-00056511 and so with scalable data lakes uh the
3Kc34TUGpto-00291-00056512-00056719 s3 is really the foundation for this one
3Kc34TUGpto-00292-00056720-00056854 of our
3Kc34TUGpto-00293-00056855-00057079 original services of aws really the
3Kc34TUGpto-00294-00057079-00057359 backbone of so much of what we do
3Kc34TUGpto-00295-00057360-00057566 really unmatched durability availability
3Kc34TUGpto-00296-00057567-00057830 and scale a huge portfolio of analytics
3Kc34TUGpto-00297-00057832-00057975 services
3Kc34TUGpto-00298-00057976-00058199 both that we offer but also that our
3Kc34TUGpto-00299-00058200-00058415 partners and customers offer
3Kc34TUGpto-00300-00058416-00058591 and really arbitrary skin we've got
3Kc34TUGpto-00301-00058591-00058782 individual customers in s3 that are in
3Kc34TUGpto-00302-00058783-00058935 the x flight range
3Kc34TUGpto-00303-00058936-00059094 many in the hundreds of petabytes and
3Kc34TUGpto-00304-00059095-00059230 that's just growing you know as i
3Kc34TUGpto-00305-00059232-00059382 mentioned we see
3Kc34TUGpto-00306-00059383-00059599 roughly a 10x increase in data volume
3Kc34TUGpto-00307-00059600-00059815 every five years so that's exponential
3Kc34TUGpto-00308-00059816-00060159 increase in data volumes
3Kc34TUGpto-00309-00060160-00060350 from a purpose-built perspective it's
3Kc34TUGpto-00310-00060351-00060542 the right tool for the right job you've
3Kc34TUGpto-00311-00060544-00060782 got redshift and data warehousing athena
3Kc34TUGpto-00312-00060783-00060959 for querying all your data
3Kc34TUGpto-00313-00060960-00061215 uh emrs are managed spark and hadoop
3Kc34TUGpto-00314-00061216-00061479 open search for log analytics and search
3Kc34TUGpto-00315-00061479-00061711 and then kinesis and msk for kafka and
3Kc34TUGpto-00316-00061712-00061854 streaming and that's been another big
3Kc34TUGpto-00317-00061855-00062006 trend is
3Kc34TUGpto-00318-00062007-00062191 real-time data has been exploding and
3Kc34TUGpto-00319-00062191-00062342 customers wanting to make sense of that
3Kc34TUGpto-00320-00062344-00062806 data in real time is another big deal
3Kc34TUGpto-00321-00062807-00062975 some examples of how we're able to
3Kc34TUGpto-00322-00062976-00063150 achieve differentiated performance and
3Kc34TUGpto-00323-00063151-00063406 purpose-built systems so with redshift
3Kc34TUGpto-00324-00063407-00063582 using redshift mounted storage and its
3Kc34TUGpto-00325-00063583-00063782 latest instance types
3Kc34TUGpto-00326-00063783-00063966 up to 3x better price performance than
3Kc34TUGpto-00327-00063967-00064111 what's out there
3Kc34TUGpto-00328-00064112-00064254 available to all our customers and
3Kc34TUGpto-00329-00064255-00064359 partners
3Kc34TUGpto-00330-00064360-00064511 in emr
3Kc34TUGpto-00331-00064512-00064671 with things like spark we're able to
3Kc34TUGpto-00332-00064672-00064911 deliver 2x performance of open source
3Kc34TUGpto-00333-00064912-00065159 with 100 compatibility
3Kc34TUGpto-00334-00065160-00065415 almost 3x and presto
3Kc34TUGpto-00335-00065416-00065711 with graviton 2 which is our
3Kc34TUGpto-00336-00065712-00065950 new silicon chips on aws better price
3Kc34TUGpto-00337-00065951-00066143 performance about 10 to 12 percent
3Kc34TUGpto-00338-00066144-00066326 better price performance
3Kc34TUGpto-00339-00066327-00066582 and uh 20 lower cost
3Kc34TUGpto-00340-00066583-00066791 and then uh all compatible with open
3Kc34TUGpto-00341-00066792-00066950 source so drop your jobs in and have
3Kc34TUGpto-00342-00066951-00067126 them run faster and cheaper and that
3Kc34TUGpto-00343-00067127-00067294 translates to customer benefits for
3Kc34TUGpto-00344-00067295-00067575 better margins for partners
3Kc34TUGpto-00345-00067576-00067782 from a serverless perspective this is
3Kc34TUGpto-00346-00067783-00067975 about simplifying operations reducing
3Kc34TUGpto-00347-00067976-00068182 total cost of ownership and freeing
3Kc34TUGpto-00348-00068183-00068319 customers from the need to think about
3Kc34TUGpto-00349-00068320-00068487 capacity management
3Kc34TUGpto-00350-00068488-00068726 at reinvent we announced serverless
3Kc34TUGpto-00351-00068727-00068991 redshift serverless emr
3Kc34TUGpto-00352-00068992-00069311 serverless kinesis and kafka
3Kc34TUGpto-00353-00069312-00069391 and
3Kc34TUGpto-00354-00069392-00069519 these are all game changers for
3Kc34TUGpto-00355-00069520-00069694 customers in terms of
3Kc34TUGpto-00356-00069695-00069863 freeing our customers and partners from
3Kc34TUGpto-00357-00069864-00070015 having to think about infrastructure and
3Kc34TUGpto-00358-00070016-00070326 allowing them to focus on data
3Kc34TUGpto-00359-00070327-00070519 and you know when it comes to serverless
3Kc34TUGpto-00360-00070520-00070799 options and analytics we've really got a
3Kc34TUGpto-00361-00070800-00071062 very full and complete set so
3Kc34TUGpto-00362-00071063-00071247 whether that's around data warehousing
3Kc34TUGpto-00363-00071248-00071438 big data processing streaming or
3Kc34TUGpto-00364-00071439-00071567 cataloging or governance or
3Kc34TUGpto-00365-00071568-00071743 visualization
3Kc34TUGpto-00366-00071744-00071919 we want all of our customers to have an
3Kc34TUGpto-00367-00071920-00072119 option to run something serverless as
3Kc34TUGpto-00368-00072120-00072431 well as if they have specialized needs
3Kc34TUGpto-00369-00072432-00072694 instances are available as well and so
3Kc34TUGpto-00370-00072695-00072838 really providing a comprehensive
3Kc34TUGpto-00371-00072839-00073071 deployment model based on the customer's
3Kc34TUGpto-00372-00073072-00073287 use cases
3Kc34TUGpto-00373-00073288-00073550 from a governance perspective uh
3Kc34TUGpto-00374-00073551-00073719 you know lake information is about easy
3Kc34TUGpto-00375-00073720-00073943 build and management of data lakes
3Kc34TUGpto-00376-00073944-00074103 and this is what enables data sharing
3Kc34TUGpto-00377-00074104-00074294 and self-service
3Kc34TUGpto-00378-00074295-00074526 and um you know with you get very
3Kc34TUGpto-00379-00074527-00074743 granular access control so real level
3Kc34TUGpto-00380-00074744-00074862 security
3Kc34TUGpto-00381-00074863-00075087 uh simple data sharing you can tag data
3Kc34TUGpto-00382-00075088-00075262 so you can tag a group of analysts in
3Kc34TUGpto-00383-00075263-00075447 the eu and you can say those only have
3Kc34TUGpto-00384-00075448-00075647 access to eu data that's been tagged
3Kc34TUGpto-00385-00075648-00075911 with eu tags and it allows you to very
3Kc34TUGpto-00386-00075912-00076031 scalably
3Kc34TUGpto-00387-00076032-00076238 provide different secure views onto the
3Kc34TUGpto-00388-00076239-00076382 same data without having to make
3Kc34TUGpto-00389-00076383-00076599 multiple copies another big win for
3Kc34TUGpto-00390-00076600-00076855 customers and partners
3Kc34TUGpto-00391-00076856-00077062 support transactions on data lake so
3Kc34TUGpto-00392-00077063-00077375 updates and deletes and time travel
3Kc34TUGpto-00393-00077376-00077559 you know john talked about data as code
3Kc34TUGpto-00394-00077560-00077767 and with time travel you can look at
3Kc34TUGpto-00395-00077768-00077967 querying on different versions of data
3Kc34TUGpto-00396-00077968-00078231 so that's a big enabler for those types
3Kc34TUGpto-00397-00078232-00078399 of strategies
3Kc34TUGpto-00398-00078400-00078543 and with blue you're able to connect
3Kc34TUGpto-00399-00078544-00078759 data in multiple places so
3Kc34TUGpto-00400-00078760-00078975 uh whether that's accessing data
3Kc34TUGpto-00401-00078976-00079294 on-premises and other sas providers or
3Kc34TUGpto-00402-00079295-00079438 other clouds
3Kc34TUGpto-00403-00079439-00079726 as well as data that's on aws and all of
3Kc34TUGpto-00404-00079727-00080071 this is serverless and interconnected
3Kc34TUGpto-00405-00080072-00080279 and and really it's about plugging all
3Kc34TUGpto-00406-00080280-00080623 of your data into the aws ecosystem and
3Kc34TUGpto-00407-00080624-00080838 into our partner ecosystem so these api
3Kc34TUGpto-00408-00080839-00080982 is all available
3Kc34TUGpto-00409-00080983-00081191 for integration as well
3Kc34TUGpto-00410-00081192-00081350 and then from an ml perspective what
3Kc34TUGpto-00411-00081351-00081462 we're really trying to do is bring
3Kc34TUGpto-00412-00081463-00081647 machine learning closer to data and so
3Kc34TUGpto-00413-00081648-00081838 with our databases and warehouses and
3Kc34TUGpto-00414-00081839-00081926 lakes
3Kc34TUGpto-00415-00081927-00082215 and bi tools um you know we've infused
3Kc34TUGpto-00416-00082216-00082399 machine learning throughout
3Kc34TUGpto-00417-00082400-00082615 powered by um the state-of-the-art
3Kc34TUGpto-00418-00082616-00082750 machine learning that we offer through
3Kc34TUGpto-00419-00082751-00082975 sagemaker and so you've got ml and
3Kc34TUGpto-00420-00082976-00083255 aurora and neptune for graphs
3Kc34TUGpto-00421-00083256-00083423 you can train machine learning models
3Kc34TUGpto-00422-00083424-00083631 from sql directly from redshift and
3Kc34TUGpto-00423-00083632-00083855 athema you can use for inference
3Kc34TUGpto-00424-00083856-00084079 and then quicksite has built-in
3Kc34TUGpto-00425-00084080-00084287 forecasting built-in natural language
3Kc34TUGpto-00426-00084288-00084511 querying all powered by machine learning
3Kc34TUGpto-00427-00084512-00084735 same with anomaly dissection
3Kc34TUGpto-00428-00084736-00084991 and here the idea is you know how can we
3Kc34TUGpto-00429-00084992-00085206 help our systems get smarter to surface
3Kc34TUGpto-00430-00085207-00085406 the right insights for our customers so
3Kc34TUGpto-00431-00085407-00085567 that they don't have to always rely on
3Kc34TUGpto-00432-00085568-00085967 smart people asking the right questions
3Kc34TUGpto-00433-00085968-00086159 and you know really it's about bringing
3Kc34TUGpto-00434-00086160-00086350 data back together and making it
3Kc34TUGpto-00435-00086351-00086550 available for innovation
3Kc34TUGpto-00436-00086551-00086750 and thank you very much i appreciate
3Kc34TUGpto-00437-00086751-00087031 your attention
3Kc34TUGpto-00438-00087032-00087279 okay well done reinventing the business
3Kc34TUGpto-00439-00087280-00087471 with aws analytics real that was great
3Kc34TUGpto-00440-00087472-00087647 thanks for walking through that that was
3Kc34TUGpto-00441-00087648-00087838 awesome i have to ask you some questions
3Kc34TUGpto-00442-00087839-00088038 on the end-to-end
3Kc34TUGpto-00443-00088039-00088175 view of the data that seems to be a
3Kc34TUGpto-00444-00088176-00088382 theme serverless
3Kc34TUGpto-00445-00088383-00088479 in there
3Kc34TUGpto-00446-00088480-00088655 ml integration
3Kc34TUGpto-00447-00088656-00088823 but then you also mentioned picking the
3Kc34TUGpto-00448-00088824-00089055 right tool for the job so then you got
3Kc34TUGpto-00449-00089056-00089231 all these things moving on simplify it
3Kc34TUGpto-00450-00089232-00089367 for me right now so from a business
3Kc34TUGpto-00451-00089368-00089599 standpoint how do they modernize what's
3Kc34TUGpto-00452-00089600-00089838 the steps that the clients are taking
3Kc34TUGpto-00453-00089839-00090031 with analytics what's the best practice
3Kc34TUGpto-00454-00090032-00090215 how do they what's that what's the high
3Kc34TUGpto-00455-00090216-00090447 order bit here
3Kc34TUGpto-00456-00090448-00090711 uh so the basic high order bit is you
3Kc34TUGpto-00457-00090712-00090959 know historically legacy systems are
3Kc34TUGpto-00458-00090960-00091126 rigid and inflexible and they weren't
3Kc34TUGpto-00459-00091127-00091294 really designed for the scale of modern
3Kc34TUGpto-00460-00091295-00091591 data or the variety of it and so
3Kc34TUGpto-00461-00091592-00091759 what customers are finding is they're
3Kc34TUGpto-00462-00091760-00091918 moving to the cloud they're moving from
3Kc34TUGpto-00463-00091919-00092150 legacy systems with punitive licensing
3Kc34TUGpto-00464-00092151-00092423 into more flexible more systems
3Kc34TUGpto-00465-00092424-00092591 and that allows them to really think
3Kc34TUGpto-00466-00092592-00092862 about building uh decoupled scalable
3Kc34TUGpto-00467-00092863-00093079 future-proof architectures and so you've
3Kc34TUGpto-00468-00093080-00093182 got
3Kc34TUGpto-00469-00093183-00093431 the ability to combine data lakes and
3Kc34TUGpto-00470-00093432-00093687 databases and data warehouses
3Kc34TUGpto-00471-00093688-00093943 and connect them using common apis and
3Kc34TUGpto-00472-00093944-00094167 common data protection and that sets you
3Kc34TUGpto-00473-00094168-00094335 up to deal with arbitrary scale and
3Kc34TUGpto-00474-00094336-00094550 arbitrary types and it allows you to
3Kc34TUGpto-00475-00094551-00094759 evolve as the future changes it makes it
3Kc34TUGpto-00476-00094760-00094967 easy to add in a new type of engine as
3Kc34TUGpto-00477-00094968-00095159 we invent a better one a few years from
3Kc34TUGpto-00478-00095160-00095287 now
3Kc34TUGpto-00479-00095288-00095471 and then once you've kind of got your
3Kc34TUGpto-00480-00095472-00095647 data in a cloud and interconnected in
3Kc34TUGpto-00481-00095648-00095774 this way
3Kc34TUGpto-00482-00095775-00095926 you can now build complete pictures of
3Kc34TUGpto-00483-00095927-00096079 what's going on you can understand all
3Kc34TUGpto-00484-00096080-00096238 your touch points with customers you can
3Kc34TUGpto-00485-00096239-00096462 understand your complete supply chain
3Kc34TUGpto-00486-00096463-00096615 and once you can build that complete
3Kc34TUGpto-00487-00096616-00096774 picture of your business you can start
3Kc34TUGpto-00488-00096775-00096967 to use analytics and machine learning to
3Kc34TUGpto-00489-00096968-00097191 find new opportunities so
3Kc34TUGpto-00490-00097192-00097399 think about modernizing moving to the
3Kc34TUGpto-00491-00097400-00097647 cloud setting up for the future
3Kc34TUGpto-00492-00097648-00097862 connecting data end to end and then
3Kc34TUGpto-00493-00097863-00097999 figuring out how to use that to your
3Kc34TUGpto-00494-00098000-00098191 advantage i know as you mentioned modern
3Kc34TUGpto-00495-00098192-00098335 data strategy gives you the best of both
3Kc34TUGpto-00496-00098336-00098591 worlds and you mentioned um briefly i
3Kc34TUGpto-00497-00098592-00098759 want to get a little bit more uh insight
3Kc34TUGpto-00498-00098760-00098974 from you on this you mentioned open open
3Kc34TUGpto-00499-00098975-00099167 formats one of the themes that's come
3Kc34TUGpto-00500-00099168-00099287 out of some of the interviews these
3Kc34TUGpto-00501-00099288-00099415 companies we're going to be hearing from
3Kc34TUGpto-00502-00099416-00099671 today is open source the role opens
3Kc34TUGpto-00503-00099672-00099838 playing
3Kc34TUGpto-00504-00099839-00100038 how do you see that integrating in
3Kc34TUGpto-00505-00100039-00100262 because again this is just like software
3Kc34TUGpto-00506-00100263-00100438 right open
3Kc34TUGpto-00507-00100439-00100647 open source software open source data
3Kc34TUGpto-00508-00100648-00100894 seems to be a trend what does open look
3Kc34TUGpto-00509-00100895-00101055 like to you how do you see that
3Kc34TUGpto-00510-00101056-00101287 progressing
3Kc34TUGpto-00511-00101288-00101423 it's a great question
3Kc34TUGpto-00512-00101424-00101591 open operates on multiple dimensions
3Kc34TUGpto-00513-00101592-00101774 john as you point out there's open data
3Kc34TUGpto-00514-00101775-00101999 formats these are things like
3Kc34TUGpto-00515-00102000-00102326 json and rk for analytics this allows
3Kc34TUGpto-00516-00102327-00102542 multiple engines to interoperate on data
3Kc34TUGpto-00517-00102543-00102758 and it'll it creates option value for
3Kc34TUGpto-00518-00102759-00102951 customers if you've got your data in an
3Kc34TUGpto-00519-00102952-00103078 open format
3Kc34TUGpto-00520-00103079-00103199 you can use it with multiple
3Kc34TUGpto-00521-00103200-00103390 technologies and it'll be future proofed
3Kc34TUGpto-00522-00103391-00103606 you don't have to migrate your data
3Kc34TUGpto-00523-00103607-00103710 if you're thinking about using a
3Kc34TUGpto-00524-00103711-00103951 different technology so that's one piece
3Kc34TUGpto-00525-00103952-00104263 uh that open source software um also um
3Kc34TUGpto-00526-00104264-00104439 really a big enabler for innovation and
3Kc34TUGpto-00527-00104440-00104599 for customers and you've got things like
3Kc34TUGpto-00528-00104600-00104799 spark and presto
3Kc34TUGpto-00529-00104800-00104966 uh which are popular and i know some of
3Kc34TUGpto-00530-00104967-00105207 the startups that you know that we're
3Kc34TUGpto-00531-00105208-00105351 talking about as part of the showcase
3Kc34TUGpto-00532-00105352-00105534 use these technologies
3Kc34TUGpto-00533-00105535-00105743 and this allows for really the world to
3Kc34TUGpto-00534-00105744-00105895 contribute to innovating in these
3Kc34TUGpto-00535-00105896-00106095 engines and moving them forward together
3Kc34TUGpto-00536-00106096-00106295 and we're big believers in that we've
3Kc34TUGpto-00537-00106296-00106415 got
3Kc34TUGpto-00538-00106416-00106623 open source services we contribute to
3Kc34TUGpto-00539-00106624-00106799 open source we support open source
3Kc34TUGpto-00540-00106800-00107007 projects and that's another big part of
3Kc34TUGpto-00541-00107008-00107143 what we do
3Kc34TUGpto-00542-00107144-00107319 and then there's open apis things like
3Kc34TUGpto-00543-00107320-00107719 sql um or python again common ways of
3Kc34TUGpto-00544-00107720-00107966 interacting with data that are broadly
3Kc34TUGpto-00545-00107967-00108151 uh adopted and this again creates
3Kc34TUGpto-00546-00108152-00108327 standardization it makes it easier for
3Kc34TUGpto-00547-00108328-00108454 customers to
3Kc34TUGpto-00548-00108455-00108671 uh to interoperate and be flexible and
3Kc34TUGpto-00549-00108672-00108790 so
3Kc34TUGpto-00550-00108791-00108951 open is really present all the way
3Kc34TUGpto-00551-00108952-00109223 through and it's a big part i think of
3Kc34TUGpto-00552-00109224-00109399 the present and the future yeah it's
3Kc34TUGpto-00553-00109400-00109543 going to be fun to watch and see how
3Kc34TUGpto-00554-00109544-00109678 that grows it seems to be a lot of
3Kc34TUGpto-00555-00109679-00109886 traction there i want to ask you about
3Kc34TUGpto-00556-00109888-00110015 the other comment i thought was cool you
3Kc34TUGpto-00557-00110016-00110231 had the architectural slides out there
3Kc34TUGpto-00558-00110232-00110439 one was data lakes built on s3 and you
3Kc34TUGpto-00559-00110440-00110647 had athena glue and lake formation kind
3Kc34TUGpto-00560-00110648-00110839 of around s3 and then you had the
3Kc34TUGpto-00561-00110840-00111063 constellation of you know kinesis
3Kc34TUGpto-00562-00111064-00111239 sagemaker and other things around it and
3Kc34TUGpto-00563-00111240-00111375 you said you know pick the tool for the
3Kc34TUGpto-00564-00111376-00111575 right job and then you had the other
3Kc34TUGpto-00565-00111576-00111823 slide on the analytics at the center and
3Kc34TUGpto-00566-00111824-00112031 you had redshift and all the other other
3Kc34TUGpto-00567-00112032-00112343 services around it around serverless so
3Kc34TUGpto-00568-00112344-00112590 one was more about the data lake
3Kc34TUGpto-00569-00112591-00112743 with athena glue and lake formation the
3Kc34TUGpto-00570-00112744-00112999 other one's about serverless
3Kc34TUGpto-00571-00113000-00113127 explain that a little bit more for me
3Kc34TUGpto-00572-00113128-00113254 because i'm trying to understand where
3Kc34TUGpto-00573-00113255-00113463 that fits i get the data lake piece okay
3Kc34TUGpto-00574-00113464-00113815 athena glue in lake formation enables it
3Kc34TUGpto-00575-00113816-00113943 and then you can pick and choose what
3Kc34TUGpto-00576-00113944-00114047 you need
3Kc34TUGpto-00577-00114048-00114175 on the serverless side what does
3Kc34TUGpto-00578-00114176-00114439 analytics in the center mean
3Kc34TUGpto-00579-00114440-00114695 so the idea there is that
3Kc34TUGpto-00580-00114696-00114847 really we wanted to talk about the fact
3Kc34TUGpto-00581-00114848-00115134 that if you zoom into the analytics
3Kc34TUGpto-00582-00115135-00115254 use case
3Kc34TUGpto-00583-00115255-00115431 within analytics everything that we
3Kc34TUGpto-00584-00115432-00115654 offer has a serverless option for our
3Kc34TUGpto-00585-00115655-00115815 customers and so
3Kc34TUGpto-00586-00115816-00115958 um if you look at the bucket of
3Kc34TUGpto-00587-00115959-00116158 analytics across things like redshift or
3Kc34TUGpto-00588-00116159-00116510 emr or athena or
3Kc34TUGpto-00589-00116511-00116686 glue and link formation
3Kc34TUGpto-00590-00116688-00116878 you have the option to use instances or
3Kc34TUGpto-00591-00116879-00117102 containers but also to just not worry
3Kc34TUGpto-00592-00117103-00117239 about infrastructure and just think
3Kc34TUGpto-00593-00117240-00117390 declaratively about the data that you
3Kc34TUGpto-00594-00117391-00117583 want to do so basically you're saying
3Kc34TUGpto-00595-00117583-00117734 the analytics is going serverless
3Kc34TUGpto-00596-00117735-00117943 everywhere
3Kc34TUGpto-00597-00117944-00118102 talk about volumes you mentioned 10x
3Kc34TUGpto-00598-00118103-00118247 volumes um
3Kc34TUGpto-00599-00118248-00118439 what are other stats can you share in
3Kc34TUGpto-00600-00118440-00118647 terms of volumes what are people seeing
3Kc34TUGpto-00601-00118648-00118863 velocity obviously data warehouses can't
3Kc34TUGpto-00602-00118864-00119039 move as fast as what we're seeing in the
3Kc34TUGpto-00603-00119040-00119239 cloud with some of your customers and
3Kc34TUGpto-00604-00119240-00119431 how they're using data how does the
3Kc34TUGpto-00605-00119432-00119615 volume and velocity come in give any
3Kc34TUGpto-00606-00119616-00119783 kind of other kind of insights into
3Kc34TUGpto-00607-00119783-00119958 those numbers
3Kc34TUGpto-00608-00119959-00120151 yeah i mean i think from a you know a
3Kc34TUGpto-00609-00120152-00120399 stats perspective um you know take
3Kc34TUGpto-00610-00120400-00120558 redshift for example customers are
3Kc34TUGpto-00611-00120559-00120807 processing so reading and writing
3Kc34TUGpto-00612-00120808-00121007 multiple exabytes day to day across
3Kc34TUGpto-00613-00121008-00121166 redshift and
3Kc34TUGpto-00614-00121167-00121278 you know one of the things that we've
3Kc34TUGpto-00615-00121279-00121375 seen
3Kc34TUGpto-00616-00121376-00121502 as time has
3Kc34TUGpto-00617-00121503-00121734 has progressed as data volumes have gone
3Kc34TUGpto-00618-00121735-00121983 up and data types have exploded
3Kc34TUGpto-00619-00121983-00122158 you've seen data warehouses get more
3Kc34TUGpto-00620-00122159-00122343 flexible so we've added things like the
3Kc34TUGpto-00621-00122344-00122566 ability to put semi-structured data and
3Kc34TUGpto-00622-00122567-00122847 arbitrary nested data into redshift
3Kc34TUGpto-00623-00122848-00123047 we've also seen the seamless integration
3Kc34TUGpto-00624-00123048-00123271 of data warehouses and data lakes so
3Kc34TUGpto-00625-00123272-00123414 actually redshift was one of the first
3Kc34TUGpto-00626-00123415-00123527 to enable
3Kc34TUGpto-00627-00123528-00123695 uh straightforward querying of data
3Kc34TUGpto-00628-00123696-00123863 that's sitting locally in drives as well
3Kc34TUGpto-00629-00123864-00124071 as data that's managed on s3
3Kc34TUGpto-00630-00124072-00124214 and uh you know those trends will
3Kc34TUGpto-00631-00124215-00124375 continue i think you'll kind of continue
3Kc34TUGpto-00632-00124376-00124534 to see this
3Kc34TUGpto-00633-00124535-00124902 need to query data wherever it lives and
3Kc34TUGpto-00634-00124903-00125007 allow
3Kc34TUGpto-00635-00125008-00125183 lakes and warehouses and purpose-built
3Kc34TUGpto-00636-00125183-00125383 stores to interconnect
3Kc34TUGpto-00637-00125383-00125495 you know one of the things i liked about
3Kc34TUGpto-00638-00125496-00125631 your presentation was you know kind of
3Kc34TUGpto-00639-00125632-00125814 had the theme of you know modernize
3Kc34TUGpto-00640-00125815-00125999 unify innovate
3Kc34TUGpto-00641-00126000-00126127 and we've been covering a lot of
3Kc34TUGpto-00642-00126128-00126271 companies that have been i won't say
3Kc34TUGpto-00643-00126272-00126454 stumbling but like getting to the future
3Kc34TUGpto-00644-00126455-00126695 some go faster than others but they all
3Kc34TUGpto-00645-00126696-00126886 kind of get stuck in an area that seems
3Kc34TUGpto-00646-00126888-00127102 to be the same spot it's the silos
3Kc34TUGpto-00647-00127103-00127278 breaking down the silos
3Kc34TUGpto-00648-00127279-00127478 and getting the data lakes and kind of
3Kc34TUGpto-00649-00127479-00127639 blending that purpose-built data store
3Kc34TUGpto-00650-00127640-00127831 and they get stuck there because they're
3Kc34TUGpto-00651-00127832-00128095 so used to silos and their teams
3Kc34TUGpto-00652-00128096-00128231 and that's kind of holding back the
3Kc34TUGpto-00653-00128232-00128414 machine learning side of it because
3Kc34TUGpto-00654-00128415-00128566 machine learning can't do its job if
3Kc34TUGpto-00655-00128567-00128758 they don't have access to all the data
3Kc34TUGpto-00656-00128759-00128863 and that's why we're seeing machine
3Kc34TUGpto-00657-00128864-00129031 learning kind of being this new
3Kc34TUGpto-00658-00129032-00129207 iterative model where the models are
3Kc34TUGpto-00659-00129208-00129463 coming in faster and so this the silo
3Kc34TUGpto-00660-00129464-00129734 break busting is an issue so
3Kc34TUGpto-00661-00129735-00129863 what's your
3Kc34TUGpto-00662-00129864-00130231 take on this part of the equation
3Kc34TUGpto-00663-00130232-00130439 so there's a few things at play so
3Kc34TUGpto-00664-00130440-00130590 you're absolutely right i think that
3Kc34TUGpto-00665-00130591-00130839 transition from siloed data to
3Kc34TUGpto-00666-00130840-00131047 interconnected data isn't uh always
3Kc34TUGpto-00667-00131048-00131190 straightforward
3Kc34TUGpto-00668-00131191-00131359 and it operates on a number of levels
3Kc34TUGpto-00669-00131360-00131590 you want to have the right technology so
3Kc34TUGpto-00670-00131591-00131790 you know we enable things like queries
3Kc34TUGpto-00671-00131791-00131966 that can span multiple stores you want
3Kc34TUGpto-00672-00131967-00132135 to have good governance you can connect
3Kc34TUGpto-00673-00132136-00132335 across multiple ones
3Kc34TUGpto-00674-00132336-00132487 and then you need to be able to get data
3Kc34TUGpto-00675-00132488-00132623 in and out of these things and blue
3Kc34TUGpto-00676-00132624-00132743 plays that role so there's that
3Kc34TUGpto-00677-00132744-00132999 interconnection on the technical side
3Kc34TUGpto-00678-00133000-00133207 but the other piece is also um you know
3Kc34TUGpto-00679-00133208-00133359 you want to think through um
3Kc34TUGpto-00680-00133360-00133519 organizationally how do you organize how
3Kc34TUGpto-00681-00133520-00133702 do you define who owns data and when
3Kc34TUGpto-00682-00133703-00133878 they share it and what are the slas for
3Kc34TUGpto-00683-00133879-00134047 enabling that sharing
3Kc34TUGpto-00684-00134048-00134302 and think about some of the processes
3Kc34TUGpto-00685-00134303-00134478 that need to get put in place and create
3Kc34TUGpto-00686-00134479-00134647 the right incentives within your company
3Kc34TUGpto-00687-00134648-00134719 to
3Kc34TUGpto-00688-00134720-00134871 enable that data sharing and then the
3Kc34TUGpto-00689-00134872-00135111 foundational piece is good guardrails
3Kc34TUGpto-00690-00135112-00135335 you know it's uh it can be scary to open
3Kc34TUGpto-00691-00135336-00135599 data up and the key to that is to put
3Kc34TUGpto-00692-00135600-00135766 good governance in place that you can
3Kc34TUGpto-00693-00135767-00135887 ensure
3Kc34TUGpto-00694-00135888-00136102 that data can be shared and distributed
3Kc34TUGpto-00695-00136103-00136311 but while remaining protected and
3Kc34TUGpto-00696-00136312-00136511 adhering to the privacy and compliance
3Kc34TUGpto-00697-00136512-00136735 and security regulations that you have
3Kc34TUGpto-00698-00136736-00136951 for that event and once you can
3Kc34TUGpto-00699-00136952-00137135 assert that level of protection then you
3Kc34TUGpto-00700-00137136-00137366 can set that data free and that's when
3Kc34TUGpto-00701-00137367-00137559 uh customers really start to see the
3Kc34TUGpto-00702-00137560-00137702 benefits of connecting all of it
3Kc34TUGpto-00703-00137703-00137911 together right and we have a batch of
3Kc34TUGpto-00704-00137912-00138199 startups here on this episode that are
3Kc34TUGpto-00705-00138200-00138390 doing a lot of different things
3Kc34TUGpto-00706-00138391-00138590 some have you know new new lakes are
3Kc34TUGpto-00707-00138591-00138902 forming observability lakes you have sql
3Kc34TUGpto-00708-00138903-00139190 innovation on the front end data tiering
3Kc34TUGpto-00709-00139191-00139454 innovation at the data tier side just a
3Kc34TUGpto-00710-00139455-00139631 ton of innovation around this new data
3Kc34TUGpto-00711-00139632-00139911 as code how do you see as executive at
3Kc34TUGpto-00712-00139912-00140166 aws you're enabling all this
3Kc34TUGpto-00713-00140167-00140343 where's the action going where are the
3Kc34TUGpto-00714-00140344-00140527 white spaces where are the opportunities
3Kc34TUGpto-00715-00140528-00140902 as this architecture continues to grow
3Kc34TUGpto-00716-00140903-00141039 and get traction
3Kc34TUGpto-00717-00141040-00141183 because of the relevance of machine
3Kc34TUGpto-00718-00141184-00141351 learning and ai and the apps are
3Kc34TUGpto-00719-00141352-00141607 embedding data in there now as code
3Kc34TUGpto-00720-00141608-00141719 where's the opportunities for these
3Kc34TUGpto-00721-00141720-00141878 startups and and how can they continue
3Kc34TUGpto-00722-00141879-00142063 to grow
3Kc34TUGpto-00723-00142064-00142263 yeah the i mean the opportunity is it's
3Kc34TUGpto-00724-00142264-00142439 amazing john you know we talked a little
3Kc34TUGpto-00725-00142440-00142639 bit about this at the beginning but the
3Kc34TUGpto-00726-00142640-00142814 there is no slowdown in sight for the
3Kc34TUGpto-00727-00142815-00142975 volume of data that we're generating
3Kc34TUGpto-00728-00142976-00143135 pretty much everything that we have you
3Kc34TUGpto-00729-00143136-00143335 know whether it's a watch or a phone
3Kc34TUGpto-00730-00143336-00143543 or the systems that we interact with are
3Kc34TUGpto-00731-00143544-00143711 generating data and
3Kc34TUGpto-00732-00143712-00143983 uh you know customers uh you know we
3Kc34TUGpto-00733-00143984-00144111 talk a lot about the things that will
3Kc34TUGpto-00734-00144112-00144326 stay the same over time and so you know
3Kc34TUGpto-00735-00144327-00144575 data volumes will continue to go up
3Kc34TUGpto-00736-00144576-00144711 customers are going to want to keep
3Kc34TUGpto-00737-00144712-00144959 analyzing that data to make sense of it
3Kc34TUGpto-00738-00144960-00145078 they're going to want to be able to do
3Kc34TUGpto-00739-00145079-00145295 it faster and more cheaply than they
3Kc34TUGpto-00740-00145296-00145439 were yesterday
3Kc34TUGpto-00741-00145440-00145575 and they're going to want to be able to
3Kc34TUGpto-00742-00145576-00145678 make
3Kc34TUGpto-00743-00145679-00145902 decisions and innovate in a shorter
3Kc34TUGpto-00744-00145903-00146023 cycle
3Kc34TUGpto-00745-00146024-00146159 and run more experiments than they're
3Kc34TUGpto-00746-00146160-00146359 able to do and so i think as long as and
3Kc34TUGpto-00747-00146360-00146511 they're always going to want this data
3Kc34TUGpto-00748-00146512-00146751 to be secure and well protected and so
3Kc34TUGpto-00749-00146752-00146902 i think as long as
3Kc34TUGpto-00750-00146903-00147071 we and the startups that we work with
3Kc34TUGpto-00751-00147072-00147254 can continue to push on making these
3Kc34TUGpto-00752-00147255-00147431 things better can i deal with more data
3Kc34TUGpto-00753-00147432-00147583 can i deal with it more cheaply can i
3Kc34TUGpto-00754-00147584-00147726 make it easier
3Kc34TUGpto-00755-00147727-00147990 to get inside and can i maintain
3Kc34TUGpto-00756-00147991-00148214 super high bar and security
3Kc34TUGpto-00757-00148215-00148407 investments in these areas will just pay
3Kc34TUGpto-00758-00148408-00148478 off
3Kc34TUGpto-00759-00148479-00148743 because the demand side of this equation
3Kc34TUGpto-00760-00148744-00148990 is uh just in a great place given uh
3Kc34TUGpto-00761-00148991-00149135 what we're seeing in terms of data in
3Kc34TUGpto-00762-00149136-00149319 the architect forum i also loved your
3Kc34TUGpto-00763-00149320-00149535 comment about ml integration be the last
3Kc34TUGpto-00764-00149536-00149766 leg of this the equation here or less
3Kc34TUGpto-00765-00149767-00149895 leg of the journey
3Kc34TUGpto-00766-00149896-00150102 but you got that enablement of the aip
3Kc34TUGpto-00767-00150103-00150295 solves a lot of problems people can see
3Kc34TUGpto-00768-00150296-00150543 benefits from good machine learning and
3Kc34TUGpto-00769-00150544-00150878 ai it's creating opportunities and and
3Kc34TUGpto-00770-00150879-00151078 also you also have mentioned the end to
3Kc34TUGpto-00771-00151079-00151326 end with security piece so data and
3Kc34TUGpto-00772-00151327-00151487 security are kind of going hand in hand
3Kc34TUGpto-00773-00151488-00151671 these days not just the governments and
3Kc34TUGpto-00774-00151672-00151783 the compliance stuff we're talking about
3Kc34TUGpto-00775-00151784-00152023 security so machine learning integration
3Kc34TUGpto-00776-00152024-00152295 kind of connects all this um what's it
3Kc34TUGpto-00777-00152296-00152566 all mean for the customers
3Kc34TUGpto-00778-00152567-00152814 for customers it means that with machine
3Kc34TUGpto-00779-00152815-00152990 learning and really enabling themselves
3Kc34TUGpto-00780-00152991-00153159 to use machine learning to make sense of
3Kc34TUGpto-00781-00153160-00153366 data they're able to find
3Kc34TUGpto-00782-00153367-00153519 patterns that can represent new
3Kc34TUGpto-00783-00153520-00153663 opportunities
3Kc34TUGpto-00784-00153664-00153895 quicker than ever before and
3Kc34TUGpto-00785-00153896-00154078 they're able to do it
3Kc34TUGpto-00786-00154079-00154247 dynamically so you know in a prior
3Kc34TUGpto-00787-00154248-00154359 version of the world we'd have
3Kc34TUGpto-00788-00154360-00154511 rule-based systems and they would be
3Kc34TUGpto-00789-00154512-00154678 relatively rigid and then we'd have to
3Kc34TUGpto-00790-00154679-00154799 improve them
3Kc34TUGpto-00791-00154800-00154959 um with machine learning this can be
3Kc34TUGpto-00792-00154960-00155143 dynamic in near real time and you can
3Kc34TUGpto-00793-00155144-00155399 customize and so that just represents an
3Kc34TUGpto-00794-00155400-00155590 opportunity to deepen relationships with
3Kc34TUGpto-00795-00155591-00155799 customers and create more value
3Kc34TUGpto-00796-00155800-00156007 and to find more efficiency in how
3Kc34TUGpto-00797-00156008-00156190 businesses are run so that piece is
3Kc34TUGpto-00798-00156191-00156319 there
3Kc34TUGpto-00799-00156320-00156519 and you know your ideas around the
3Kc34TUGpto-00800-00156520-00156687 data's code really come into play
3Kc34TUGpto-00801-00156688-00156823 because machine learning needs to be
3Kc34TUGpto-00802-00156824-00156966 repeatable and explainable and that
3Kc34TUGpto-00803-00156967-00157214 means versioning uh keeping track of
3Kc34TUGpto-00804-00157215-00157359 everything that you've done from a code
3Kc34TUGpto-00805-00157360-00157519 and data and learning and training
3Kc34TUGpto-00806-00157520-00157735 perspective and data sets are updating
3Kc34TUGpto-00807-00157736-00157878 machine learning you've got data sets
3Kc34TUGpto-00808-00157879-00158119 growing they become code modules that
3Kc34TUGpto-00809-00158120-00158283 can be reused and
3Kc34TUGpto-00810-00158284-00158695 interrogated security okay is a big as a
3Kc34TUGpto-00811-00158696-00158926 big theme data is really important
3Kc34TUGpto-00812-00158927-00159063 security is seeing that is one of our
3Kc34TUGpto-00813-00159064-00159239 top use cases certainly now in this day
3Kc34TUGpto-00814-00159240-00159390 and age we're getting a lot of a lot of
3Kc34TUGpto-00815-00159391-00159559 breaches and hacks coming in being
3Kc34TUGpto-00816-00159560-00159790 defended brings up the open brings up
3Kc34TUGpto-00817-00159791-00159951 the data as code
3Kc34TUGpto-00818-00159952-00160126 security is a good proxy for kind of
3Kc34TUGpto-00819-00160127-00160278 where this is going what's your what's
3Kc34TUGpto-00820-00160279-00160463 your take on that on the reaction to
3Kc34TUGpto-00821-00160464-00160543 that
3Kc34TUGpto-00822-00160544-00160751 so on security you can we can never
3Kc34TUGpto-00823-00160752-00160895 invest enough and i think one of the
3Kc34TUGpto-00824-00160896-00161095 things that we um you know that guide
3Kc34TUGpto-00825-00161096-00161407 guidance at aws is security availability
3Kc34TUGpto-00826-00161408-00161663 durability sort of jobs you know one two
3Kc34TUGpto-00827-00161664-00161759 three
3Kc34TUGpto-00828-00161760-00161935 and um
3Kc34TUGpto-00829-00161936-00162095 and it operates at multiple levels you
3Kc34TUGpto-00830-00162096-00162254 need to protect data at rest with
3Kc34TUGpto-00831-00162255-00162463 encryption good key management good
3Kc34TUGpto-00832-00162464-00162663 practices there you need to protect data
3Kc34TUGpto-00833-00162664-00162775 on the wire
3Kc34TUGpto-00834-00162776-00162966 you need to have a good sense of what
3Kc34TUGpto-00835-00162967-00163054 data
3Kc34TUGpto-00836-00163055-00163239 is allowed to be seen by whom and then
3Kc34TUGpto-00837-00163240-00163414 you need to keep track of who did what
3Kc34TUGpto-00838-00163415-00163599 and be able to verify
3Kc34TUGpto-00839-00163600-00163751 and come back
3Kc34TUGpto-00840-00163752-00163895 and prove that
3Kc34TUGpto-00841-00163896-00164047 you know only the things that were
3Kc34TUGpto-00842-00164048-00164247 allowed to happen actually happened
3Kc34TUGpto-00843-00164248-00164423 and you can actually then use machine
3Kc34TUGpto-00844-00164424-00164607 learning on top of all of this apparatus
3Kc34TUGpto-00845-00164608-00164711 to say
3Kc34TUGpto-00846-00164712-00164871 uh you know can i detect things that are
3Kc34TUGpto-00847-00164872-00165007 happening that shouldn't be happening in
3Kc34TUGpto-00848-00165008-00165175 near real time so i could put a stop to
3Kc34TUGpto-00849-00165176-00165438 them so you i don't think any of us
3Kc34TUGpto-00850-00165439-00165711 can ever invest enough in uh securing
3Kc34TUGpto-00851-00165712-00165943 and protecting our data and our systems
3Kc34TUGpto-00852-00165944-00166054 and it is
3Kc34TUGpto-00853-00166055-00166254 uh really fundamental to earning
3Kc34TUGpto-00854-00166255-00166390 customer trust
3Kc34TUGpto-00855-00166391-00166599 and it's just good business so i think
3Kc34TUGpto-00856-00166600-00166878 it is uh absolutely crucial and we think
3Kc34TUGpto-00857-00166879-00167054 about it all the time and are always
3Kc34TUGpto-00858-00167055-00167247 looking for ways to raise more well
3Kc34TUGpto-00859-00167248-00167366 really appreciate you taking the time to
3Kc34TUGpto-00860-00167367-00167583 give the keynote final uh word here for
3Kc34TUGpto-00861-00167584-00167807 the folks watching um a lot of these
3Kc34TUGpto-00862-00167808-00167966 startups that are be presenting they're
3Kc34TUGpto-00863-00167967-00168135 doing well business-wise they're being
3Kc34TUGpto-00864-00168136-00168326 used by large enterprises and people
3Kc34TUGpto-00865-00168327-00168471 buying their products and using their
3Kc34TUGpto-00866-00168472-00168647 services for customers they're
3Kc34TUGpto-00867-00168648-00168790 implementing more and more of the hot
3Kc34TUGpto-00868-00168791-00168990 startups products they're relevant
3Kc34TUGpto-00869-00168991-00169143 what's your advice to the customer out
3Kc34TUGpto-00870-00169144-00169311 there as they go on this journey this
3Kc34TUGpto-00871-00169312-00169526 new data as code this new future of
3Kc34TUGpto-00872-00169527-00169895 analytics what's your recommendation
3Kc34TUGpto-00873-00169896-00170095 so for customers who are out there i
3Kc34TUGpto-00874-00170096-00170287 recommend you take a look at
3Kc34TUGpto-00875-00170288-00170502 what the startups on aws are building i
3Kc34TUGpto-00876-00170503-00170663 think there's tremendous innovation and
3Kc34TUGpto-00877-00170664-00170807 energy
3Kc34TUGpto-00878-00170808-00170887 and
3Kc34TUGpto-00879-00170888-00171047 there's really great technology being
3Kc34TUGpto-00880-00171048-00171254 built on top of a rock solid platform
3Kc34TUGpto-00881-00171255-00171414 and so i encourage
3Kc34TUGpto-00882-00171415-00171607 customers thinking about it to lean
3Kc34TUGpto-00883-00171608-00171790 forward to think about new technology
3Kc34TUGpto-00884-00171791-00171919 and to embrace
3Kc34TUGpto-00885-00171920-00172143 uh move to the cloud so they can
3Kc34TUGpto-00886-00172144-00172319 modernize you know build a single
3Kc34TUGpto-00887-00172320-00172495 picture of their data and figure out how
3Kc34TUGpto-00888-00172496-00172623 to innovate and win
3Kc34TUGpto-00889-00172624-00172766 earl thanks for coming on appreciate
3Kc34TUGpto-00890-00172767-00172951 your keynote thanks for the insight and
3Kc34TUGpto-00891-00172952-00173143 thanks for the conversation let's hand
3Kc34TUGpto-00892-00173144-00173407 it off to the show let the show begin
3Kc34TUGpto-00893-00173408-00173590 thank you john pleasure as always great
3Kc34TUGpto-00894-00173591-00173695 to see you
3Kc34TUGpto-00895-00173696-00174591 thank you
3Kc34TUGpto-00896-00174592-00175095 [Music]
3Kc34TUGpto-00897-00175096-00175303 you
3OB2EzUKjPU-00001-00003265-00003425 bar
3OB2EzUKjPU-00002-00003426-00003865 Q is
3OB2EzUKjPU-00003-00003865-00004090 the consume Authority and probably
3OB2EzUKjPU-00004-00004092-00004481 inflation narrated
3OB2EzUKjPU-00005-00004482-00004720 blessed the chief of a permemorian SI
3OB2EzUKjPU-00006-00004721-00004901 produces the smartphone with a computer
3OB2EzUKjPU-00007-00004902-00005897 conference
3OB2EzUKjPU-00008-00005898-00006198 David
3RM-ao8IbrM-00000-00000036-00000301 from the cube studios in Palo Alto in
3RM-ao8IbrM-00001-00000302-00000478 Boston connecting with thought leaders
3RM-ao8IbrM-00002-00000479-00000721 all around the world this is a cube
3RM-ao8IbrM-00003-00000722-00001087 conversation LeBron's special
3RM-ao8IbrM-00004-00001088-00001282 conversation I'm John Tory here in the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00005-00001283-00001540 cube I'm not in the studio I'm at home
3RM-ao8IbrM-00006-00001541-00001785 we're sheltering in place the studio
3RM-ao8IbrM-00007-00001786-00001989 quarantine crew is there we've got a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00008-00001991-00002158 great guest here to break down and Alice
3RM-ao8IbrM-00009-00002159-00002359 in the tech industries for vallah who's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00010-00002360-00002764 this principle of zk research Aziz great
3RM-ao8IbrM-00011-00002765-00002923 to check in with you for our check-in
3RM-ao8IbrM-00012-00002924-00003175 last time we chatted you broke down
3RM-ao8IbrM-00013-00003176-00003414 entire industry a lot to talk about now
3RM-ao8IbrM-00014-00003415-00003595 we have the Cisco earnings just came out
3RM-ao8IbrM-00015-00003596-00003777 and a lot of other great things are
3RM-ao8IbrM-00016-00003778-00003886 happening thanks for joining me
3RM-ao8IbrM-00017-00003886-00004062 well what's your take on what's going on
3RM-ao8IbrM-00018-00004063-00004336 yeah I think so thanks John it's uh it's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00019-00004337-00004530 been heard about tumultuous last few
3RM-ao8IbrM-00020-00004531-00004770 months I think one of the takeaways I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00021-00004771-00004920 had from Cisco's earnings actually was
3RM-ao8IbrM-00022-00004921-00005145 that it's not as bad as you think I know
3RM-ao8IbrM-00023-00005146-00005316 if you read a lot of what's going on the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00024-00005317-00005538 media we get everything from doomsday
3RM-ao8IbrM-00025-00005539-00005694 and the world's ending or whatever but I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00026-00005695-00005934 think what Cisco's earnings showed and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00027-00005935-00006138 in Cisco I know they have a lot of
3RM-ao8IbrM-00028-00006139-00006279 enemies and a lot of competitors out
3RM-ao8IbrM-00029-00006280-00006403 there but they're really still a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00030-00006404-00006609 bellwether for the industry and so
3RM-ao8IbrM-00031-00006610-00006802 everyone should rejoice in the fact that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00032-00006803-00006967 they actually had a pretty good quarter
3RM-ao8IbrM-00033-00006968-00007273 I think what was was telling about that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00034-00007273-00007545 was security was up the services
3RM-ao8IbrM-00035-00007546-00007783 business was up the margins were good
3RM-ao8IbrM-00036-00007784-00008131 and what that shows me is that there's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00037-00008131-00008316 still room for innovation customers
3RM-ao8IbrM-00038-00008317-00008494 relax are still buying things and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00039-00008495-00008713 they're willing to pay for things that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00040-00008714-00008817 actually help drive their business
3RM-ao8IbrM-00041-00008818-00008988 forward and so Cisco's put a lot of
3RM-ao8IbrM-00042-00008989-00009205 energy into their services group to make
3RM-ao8IbrM-00043-00009206-00009352 sure that customers are able to adapt
3RM-ao8IbrM-00044-00009353-00009477 their technology and change their
3RM-ao8IbrM-00045-00009478-00009702 business right and so from an overall
3RM-ao8IbrM-00046-00009703-00009976 market perspective Cisco is you know
3RM-ao8IbrM-00047-00009977-00010138 they're the quarters are the court has
3RM-ao8IbrM-00048-00010139-00010317 shifted from almost everybody else's and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00049-00010318-00010503 so they're generally a leading indicator
3RM-ao8IbrM-00050-00010504-00010663 of where things are going so I think the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00051-00010664-00010842 fact that they showed some strength they
3RM-ao8IbrM-00052-00010843-00010987 guided up from where the street thought
3RM-ao8IbrM-00053-00010988-00011124 I think that's a good thing for the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00054-00011125-00011377 entire industry and I think I'm not
3RM-ao8IbrM-00055-00011378-00011535 saying we're out of this yet but I think
3RM-ao8IbrM-00056-00011536-00011739 businesses are starting to spend money
3RM-ao8IbrM-00057-00011740-00011952 where they need to in order to put
3RM-ao8IbrM-00058-00011953-00012081 themselves in a position to come on
3RM-ao8IbrM-00059-00012082-00012327 strong after well once we start going
3RM-ao8IbrM-00060-00012328-00012412 back to work
3RM-ao8IbrM-00061-00012413-00012627 whoever knows what that'll be I think
3RM-ao8IbrM-00062-00012628-00012819 the other sort of interesting pivot here
3RM-ao8IbrM-00063-00012819-00013200 is that I think the overall role the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00064-00013201-00013376 network has changed with income
3RM-ao8IbrM-00065-00013377-00013484 right we've covered networking
3RM-ao8IbrM-00066-00013485-00013727 technologies a long time it gets a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00067-00013728-00013868 little bit of interest sometimes from
3RM-ao8IbrM-00068-00013869-00014129 sea level certainly not as much as it
3RM-ao8IbrM-00069-00014130-00014516 should from CEOs and CIOs a lot of
3RM-ao8IbrM-00070-00014516-00014636 people think of it as the plumbing and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00071-00014637-00014804 the pipes it's hard to understand it's a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00072-00014805-00014968 very complicated technology sometimes
3RM-ao8IbrM-00073-00014969-00015232 but when you look at what's happened
3RM-ao8IbrM-00074-00015233-00015485 with digital transformation initiatives
3RM-ao8IbrM-00075-00015486-00015647 and now covent we've got more people at
3RM-ao8IbrM-00076-00015647-00015860 home or adopting cloud services we use
3RM-ao8IbrM-00077-00015861-00016094 video for connecting more things with
3RM-ao8IbrM-00078-00016094-00016349 IOT initiatives so the overall value of
3RM-ao8IbrM-00079-00016350-00016517 the network is increased that I think
3RM-ao8IbrM-00080-00016518-00016691 that was also reflected in Cisco's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00081-00016692-00016931 numbers I think this transition had
3RM-ao8IbrM-00082-00016932-00017069 started when you look at a lot of the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00083-00017070-00017174 building blocks and digital
3RM-ao8IbrM-00084-00017175-00017450 transformation IOT cloud mobility things
3RM-ao8IbrM-00085-00017451-00017639 like that they're all Network centric in
3RM-ao8IbrM-00086-00017640-00017831 nature and so for the first time in
3RM-ao8IbrM-00087-00017832-00018023 history I think business leaders
3RM-ao8IbrM-00088-00018024-00018155 actually need to look at their network
3RM-ao8IbrM-00089-00018156-00018407 strategies because if that's without a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00090-00018408-00018722 sound network strategy as we sort of
3RM-ao8IbrM-00091-00018723-00018902 come out of this and the companies that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00092-00018903-00019007 have a good one
3RM-ao8IbrM-00093-00019008-00019199 will be able to really step on the gas
3RM-ao8IbrM-00094-00019200-00019298 and do what they want with their
3RM-ao8IbrM-00095-00019299-00019496 business the ones that don't I think I'd
3RM-ao8IbrM-00096-00019497-00019652 a really struggle to survive because I'm
3RM-ao8IbrM-00097-00019653-00019757 not gonna be able to do a lot of these
3RM-ao8IbrM-00098-00019758-00020111 advanced things yeah great point one of
3RM-ao8IbrM-00099-00020112-00020246 the things Brazil the new cisco has a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00100-00020247-00020447 new leadership new c has been in place
3RM-ao8IbrM-00101-00020448-00020795 for a while positioning they're going
3RM-ao8IbrM-00102-00020796-00021008 after and you know with the cloven
3RM-ao8IbrM-00103-00021009-00021194 crisis it really puts more pressure
3RM-ao8IbrM-00104-00021195-00021341 knock the move of the network because
3RM-ao8IbrM-00105-00021342-00021578 it's a core staple of an organization
3RM-ao8IbrM-00106-00021579-00021776 yet the transformation journey is going
3RM-ao8IbrM-00107-00021777-00021860 to be accelerated
3RM-ao8IbrM-00108-00021861-00022118 this gives Cisco it's a lucky strike for
3RM-ao8IbrM-00109-00022119-00022244 Cisco because it'll move packets around
3RM-ao8IbrM-00110-00022245-00022511 and the multi cloud conversation comes
3RM-ao8IbrM-00111-00022512-00022742 in and the enablement of application
3RM-ao8IbrM-00112-00022743-00022976 development all being five to the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00113-00022977-00023171 network is what cisco has been preparing
3RM-ao8IbrM-00114-00023172-00023435 on and this has kind of been a nuance
3RM-ao8IbrM-00115-00023436-00023627 point then that everyone understands but
3RM-ao8IbrM-00116-00023628-00023804 coming out of Cova to have a growth
3RM-ao8IbrM-00117-00023805-00023975 strategy if you're not programming up
3RM-ao8IbrM-00118-00023976-00024284 and down the stack with DevOps and Nets
3RM-ao8IbrM-00119-00024285-00024443 a cops or whatever you want to call it
3RM-ao8IbrM-00120-00024444-00024662 people working at home a new perimeter
3RM-ao8IbrM-00121-00024663-00024862 is now emerged that's everything
3RM-ao8IbrM-00122-00024863-00025136 everything is the premise is this a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00123-00025137-00025307 tailwind for Cisco your thoughts on that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00124-00025308-00025463 your face oh yeah the big time tailwind
3RM-ao8IbrM-00125-00025464-00025637 francisco i think what's happened
3RM-ao8IbrM-00126-00025638-00025814 gentlemen you look at network evolution
3RM-ao8IbrM-00127-00025814-00026108 over the last five years we can do much
3RM-ao8IbrM-00128-00026108-00026264 more with our network that's coming to
3RM-ao8IbrM-00129-00026264-00026507 cost and that cost us complexity so
3RM-ao8IbrM-00130-00026508-00026669 trying to tie all these things together
3RM-ao8IbrM-00131-00026670-00026732 SP
3RM-ao8IbrM-00132-00026733-00027133 Winn Sassie datacenter Sdn right
3RM-ao8IbrM-00133-00027134-00027380 we've got Wi-Fi six coming we've got 5g
3RM-ao8IbrM-00134-00027381-00027485 coming so we've got all these great
3RM-ao8IbrM-00135-00027486-00027658 things that we're gonna let our networks
3RM-ao8IbrM-00136-00027659-00027862 be faster than ever before and run
3RM-ao8IbrM-00137-00027863-00028012 applications we can never run before
3RM-ao8IbrM-00138-00028013-00028214 right you look at some of the demos on
3RM-ao8IbrM-00139-00028214-00028558 5g we're able to wear untethered Wi-Fi
3RM-ao8IbrM-00140-00028559-00028852 our virtual reality headsets complete
3RM-ao8IbrM-00141-00028853-00029086 creating completely new shopping
3RM-ao8IbrM-00142-00029087-00029320 experiences educational experiences but
3RM-ao8IbrM-00143-00029321-00029501 you need a lot of bandwidth that but not
3RM-ao8IbrM-00144-00029502-00029699 only you need bandwidth I think the one
3RM-ao8IbrM-00145-00029700-00030020 thing that Kovac has taught us is do you
3RM-ao8IbrM-00146-00030020-00030223 have any weakness in the network
3RM-ao8IbrM-00147-00030224-00030511 anywhere right from the user's hand all
3RM-ao8IbrM-00148-00030512-00030787 the way to the cloud that weak point at
3RM-ao8IbrM-00149-00030788-00031064 the time and so now you have to start
3RM-ao8IbrM-00150-00031064-00031255 thinking of your network not in pieces
3RM-ao8IbrM-00151-00031256-00031537 of having a campus network Wi-Fi network
3RM-ao8IbrM-00152-00031538-00031858 data center network and that a single
3RM-ao8IbrM-00153-00031859-00032126 network right and so cisco is really one
3RM-ao8IbrM-00154-00032127-00032264 of the few companies maybe the only
3RM-ao8IbrM-00155-00032264-00032420 company that can actually deliver that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00156-00032420-00032624 end and network that starts in the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00157-00032625-00032827 company extends to people's homes goes
3RM-ao8IbrM-00158-00032828-00033032 out to the cloud and with what they've
3RM-ao8IbrM-00159-00033033-00033218 done masterfully under Chuck Robbins is
3RM-ao8IbrM-00160-00033219-00033395 they've been able to pile those things
3RM-ao8IbrM-00161-00033396-00033695 together to create a much simpler way of
3RM-ao8IbrM-00162-00033696-00033932 operating this complicated network so
3RM-ao8IbrM-00163-00033933-00034130 you look at what they're doing you know
3RM-ao8IbrM-00164-00034131-00034324 with a CI and intent based networking
3RM-ao8IbrM-00165-00034325-00034499 what that is is you can think of it
3RM-ao8IbrM-00166-00034500-00034762 almost as a software overlay that masks
3RM-ao8IbrM-00167-00034763-00034889 the complexity of the network that's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00168-00034890-00035230 underneath it yeah talking about cisco
3RM-ao8IbrM-00169-00035231-00035426 over the past decade and a half and i'm
3RM-ao8IbrM-00170-00035427-00035555 with the stack guys you gotta move up
3RM-ao8IbrM-00171-00035556-00035770 the stack this has been this is now
3RM-ao8IbrM-00172-00035771-00035942 their opportunity and with multi cloud
3RM-ao8IbrM-00173-00035943-00036161 on the horizon or here this is going to
3RM-ao8IbrM-00174-00036162-00036407 give cisco a path but I got to ask you
3RM-ao8IbrM-00175-00036408-00036655 what is your take and advice to Cisco
3RM-ao8IbrM-00176-00036656-00036793 when you're out there talking to them
3RM-ao8IbrM-00177-00036794-00037049 you're talking to of the customers all
3RM-ao8IbrM-00178-00037050-00037226 the time and practitioners you're the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00179-00037227-00037561 analyst what do they need to do better
3RM-ao8IbrM-00180-00037562-00037843 because you can't just wish a multi
3RM-ao8IbrM-00181-00037844-00038077 cloud upon the marketplace it's coming
3RM-ao8IbrM-00182-00038078-00038282 but it's not clearly not the use case
3RM-ao8IbrM-00183-00038283-00038665 yet so that's a time lag between a CI
3RM-ao8IbrM-00184-00038666-00038836 intent based networking to true
3RM-ao8IbrM-00185-00038837-00039052 multi-cloud what if Cisco do in the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00186-00039053-00039280 meantime yeah well I think what's this
3RM-ao8IbrM-00187-00039281-00039470 go has to do is is think about what
3RM-ao8IbrM-00188-00039471-00039848 they're doing with a CI and multi cloud
3RM-ao8IbrM-00189-00039849-00039986 and actually help their customers
3RM-ao8IbrM-00190-00039987-00040060 implement
3RM-ao8IbrM-00191-00040061-00040432 it in in pieces and what the description
3RM-ao8IbrM-00192-00040433-00040680 I'd use is is the paths this goes on and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00193-00040681-00040827 the path customers are on actually in
3RM-ao8IbrM-00194-00040828-00041058 this world of you think if the end state
3RM-ao8IbrM-00195-00041059-00041418 is true hybrid multi-cloud right we have
3RM-ao8IbrM-00196-00041419-00041602 to get there in ship shots and not moon
3RM-ao8IbrM-00197-00041603-00041749 shots and what I mean by that is if you
3RM-ao8IbrM-00198-00041750-00041964 were to say to a customer this is your
3RM-ao8IbrM-00199-00041965-00042223 end state right the path to get there is
3RM-ao8IbrM-00200-00042224-00042411 so donkey and it's like a moon shot that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00201-00042412-00042615 it paralyzes the customer if you break
3RM-ao8IbrM-00202-00042616-00042837 this down into a set of chip shots right
3RM-ao8IbrM-00203-00042838-00043089 that gets much easier so so put the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00204-00043090-00043227 infrastructure in place to be able to
3RM-ao8IbrM-00205-00043228-00043411 just have the visibility across applause
3RM-ao8IbrM-00206-00043412-00043686 then maybe automate movement from hi
3RM-ao8IbrM-00207-00043687-00043968 private the public cloud right then
3RM-ao8IbrM-00208-00043969-00044202 automate some of the processes that give
3RM-ao8IbrM-00209-00044203-00044404 you the most headaches then move to a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00210-00044405-00044586 bigger Ottoman Ottoman automation
3RM-ao8IbrM-00211-00044587-00044790 framework right so yeah areas like
3RM-ao8IbrM-00212-00044791-00045108 security network configuration right
3RM-ao8IbrM-00213-00045109-00045283 things like that those are those are
3RM-ao8IbrM-00214-00045284-00045414 very difficult for customers to do
3RM-ao8IbrM-00215-00045415-00045574 manually those are the things they
3RM-ao8IbrM-00216-00045575-00045705 should be automating today so what they
3RM-ao8IbrM-00217-00045706-00045993 want to do is almost take through their
3RM-ao8IbrM-00218-00045994-00046164 intent-based network to almost as a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00219-00046165-00046383 lighthouse the road to a visionary state
3RM-ao8IbrM-00220-00046384-00046561 and then help customers get there in
3RM-ao8IbrM-00221-00046562-00046707 pieces because if they try and rush them
3RM-ao8IbrM-00222-00046708-00046836 along too fast
3RM-ao8IbrM-00223-00046837-00046971 I think they'll lose the customer
3RM-ao8IbrM-00224-00046972-00047193 because the complexity is too high the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00225-00047194-00047332 other area they should really be focused
3RM-ao8IbrM-00226-00047333-00047577 on is continuing to mature the services
3RM-ao8IbrM-00227-00047578-00047761 business I think that's something under
3RM-ao8IbrM-00228-00047762-00048021 Chuck Robbins that's night and day
3RM-ao8IbrM-00229-00048022-00048193 different than what it was the services
3RM-ao8IbrM-00230-00048194-00048339 business - Cisco prior to Chuck was a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00231-00048340-00048582 lot of break fix you know their TAC is
3RM-ao8IbrM-00232-00048583-00048789 well renowned as being a great pack but
3RM-ao8IbrM-00233-00048790-00048921 now they've gotten more of the pro
3RM-ao8IbrM-00234-00048922-00049080 services they've gotten more into
3RM-ao8IbrM-00235-00049081-00049293 adoption services and I think the more
3RM-ao8IbrM-00236-00049294-00049501 subscription they sell what Cisco needs
3RM-ao8IbrM-00237-00049502-00049740 to really understand is that customers
3RM-ao8IbrM-00238-00049741-00049926 tend not to renew things they don't use
3RM-ao8IbrM-00239-00049927-00050182 right so making sure that the services
3RM-ao8IbrM-00240-00050183-00050442 group helps customers and use the things
3RM-ao8IbrM-00241-00050443-00050617 that they're paying for and that'll pay
3RM-ao8IbrM-00242-00050618-00050899 dividends for them multiple dividends
3RM-ao8IbrM-00243-00050900-00051120 for them down the road I want to get the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00244-00051121-00051270 silken one on that opportunity to upsell
3RM-ao8IbrM-00245-00051271-00051501 and do a refresh because what refreshes
3RM-ao8IbrM-00246-00051502-00051645 are not gonna be on the docket early on
3RM-ao8IbrM-00247-00051646-00051870 unless discuss business value so let's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00248-00051871-00052107 hold that for a second John Chambers has
3RM-ao8IbrM-00249-00052108-00052239 been on the cube recently in his new
3RM-ao8IbrM-00250-00052240-00052626 role as a coach and investor and he says
3RM-ao8IbrM-00251-00052627-00052869 to us on the cube you know transitions
3RM-ao8IbrM-00252-00052870-00053043 versus transformation Cisco and the big
3RM-ao8IbrM-00253-00053044-00053179 companies are expected to win the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00254-00053179-00053422 transitions but now with
3RM-ao8IbrM-00255-00053423-00053611 coming out of this there's real
3RM-ao8IbrM-00256-00053612-00053779 transformation so you got to look at
3RM-ao8IbrM-00257-00053779-00053989 things like collaboration hey guys get
3RM-ao8IbrM-00258-00053990-00054187 better this is not just win the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00259-00054188-00054397 enterprise with a better web max zoom is
3RM-ao8IbrM-00260-00054398-00054652 they can ask Bob teams is out there so
3RM-ao8IbrM-00261-00054653-00054844 you know Cisco's that's a huge
3RM-ao8IbrM-00262-00054845-00055108 collaboration piece and a bunch of other
3RM-ao8IbrM-00263-00055109-00055327 business so where's their transition
3RM-ao8IbrM-00264-00055328-00055516 wins and where's their transformational
3RM-ao8IbrM-00265-00055516-00055852 opportunity in Europe in well I think
3RM-ao8IbrM-00266-00055853-00055984 the entire company is kind of going
3RM-ao8IbrM-00267-00055985-00056142 through transformations right even on
3RM-ao8IbrM-00268-00056144-00056359 the network side so it's right it's like
3RM-ao8IbrM-00269-00056360-00056560 you know the industry has been calling
3RM-ao8IbrM-00270-00056561-00056740 Francisco to get commoditized for years
3RM-ao8IbrM-00271-00056741-00056974 right and if you look the product gross
3RM-ao8IbrM-00272-00056975-00057094 margins are actually the strongest
3RM-ao8IbrM-00273-00057095-00057247 they've been in a decade right so I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00274-00057248-00057466 remember when I fell below 60% they
3RM-ao8IbrM-00275-00057466-00057574 everybody thought the world was falling
3RM-ao8IbrM-00276-00057575-00057751 this quarter I think was a little over
3RM-ao8IbrM-00277-00057752-00058036 65 on the product side and so my belief
3RM-ao8IbrM-00278-00058037-00058258 is nothing is really a commodity if you
3RM-ao8IbrM-00279-00058259-00058420 can drive innovation that's what's this
3RM-ao8IbrM-00280-00058421-00058669 has been doing so from a transition
3RM-ao8IbrM-00281-00058670-00059016 standpoint I think they've done a lot of
3RM-ao8IbrM-00282-00059017-00059154 that they've transitioned the company to
3RM-ao8IbrM-00283-00059155-00059302 software and services they've
3RM-ao8IbrM-00284-00059303-00059488 transitioned the company more terrain
3RM-ao8IbrM-00285-00059489-00059725 model they've actually decoupled
3RM-ao8IbrM-00286-00059726-00059926 software from the hardware so customers
3RM-ao8IbrM-00287-00059927-00060070 can buy differently and you brought up
3RM-ao8IbrM-00288-00060071-00060267 the fact that we may not have a hardware
3RM-ao8IbrM-00289-00060269-00060472 refresh but that's okay as long as they
3RM-ao8IbrM-00290-00060473-00060658 keep the software a newa cycles forth
3RM-ao8IbrM-00291-00060659-00060891 where the transformations has to come is
3RM-ao8IbrM-00292-00060892-00061096 completely change the dynamics of how
3RM-ao8IbrM-00293-00061097-00061242 something works and so with intent-based
3RM-ao8IbrM-00294-00061244-00061519 networking you think of the old way that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00295-00061520-00061672 network engineers to work like the way I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00296-00061673-00061813 used to work when I was an engineer a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00297-00061814-00062055 lot of hunting pecking and at a CLI
3RM-ao8IbrM-00298-00062057-00062194 doing a lot of cutting and pasting and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00299-00062195-00062419 using homegrown tools that doesn't scale
3RM-ao8IbrM-00300-00062420-00062580 anymore my research shows that on
3RM-ao8IbrM-00301-00062582-00062737 average takes companies about four
3RM-ao8IbrM-00302-00062738-00062926 months the implemented change
3RM-ao8IbrM-00303-00062927-00063160 network-wide far too slow for digital
3RM-ao8IbrM-00304-00063161-00063325 company right so Francisco's done is
3RM-ao8IbrM-00305-00063326-00063520 they've accelerated that by letting
3RM-ao8IbrM-00306-00063521-00063682 customers automate more things and so
3RM-ao8IbrM-00307-00063683-00063895 Francisco the transformation comes in
3RM-ao8IbrM-00308-00063896-00064114 allowing customers to new new things I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00309-00064115-00064282 think you read in the collaboration side
3RM-ao8IbrM-00310-00064283-00064459 there's more work to do nobody's got a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00311-00064460-00064636 bigger collaboration portfolio than
3RM-ao8IbrM-00312-00064637-00064858 Cisco they got endpoints they got rooms
3RM-ao8IbrM-00313-00064859-00065053 just right they've got software they
3RM-ao8IbrM-00314-00065054-00065284 were a cloud on Prem but they got to
3RM-ao8IbrM-00315-00065285-00065566 take that and tie it together and I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00316-00065567-00065722 think the other area that's is gonna
3RM-ao8IbrM-00317-00065723-00065887 need improving is on they've they've got
3RM-ao8IbrM-00318-00065888-00066295 a lot of management tools that that look
3RM-ao8IbrM-00319-00066296-00066601 at different things they have at the ACI
3RM-ao8IbrM-00320-00066602-00066784 manager
3RM-ao8IbrM-00321-00066785-00066940 and a whole bunch of different security
3RM-ao8IbrM-00322-00066941-00067206 consoles in fact they funded them
3RM-ao8IbrM-00323-00067207-00067336 sometimes and said that the market
3RM-ao8IbrM-00324-00067337-00067476 leader in single panes of glass because
3RM-ao8IbrM-00325-00067477-00067632 they have more than anybody right I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00326-00067633-00067794 think eventually they got to be able to
3RM-ao8IbrM-00327-00067795-00068025 tie that information together and help
3RM-ao8IbrM-00328-00068026-00068248 customers understand what it means from
3RM-ao8IbrM-00329-00068249-00068451 a cross domain perspective because they
3RM-ao8IbrM-00330-00068452-00068746 still build a product's wireless campus
3RM-ao8IbrM-00331-00068747-00068949 data center but as I mentioned before we
3RM-ao8IbrM-00332-00068950-00069118 just have one network and so Cisco can
3RM-ao8IbrM-00333-00069119-00069312 aggregate this data up apply machine
3RM-ao8IbrM-00334-00069313-00069474 learning to it and help customers what
3RM-ao8IbrM-00335-00069475-00069756 that means they see insight across the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00336-00069757-00069918 entire network that would really be
3RM-ao8IbrM-00337-00069919-00070080 powerful because they they've got the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00338-00070081-00070249 footprint now they just have to be able
3RM-ao8IbrM-00339-00070250-00070437 to deliver the machine learning based
3RM-ao8IbrM-00340-00070438-00070621 insights some customers understand what
3RM-ao8IbrM-00341-00070622-00070857 that data means and they have a unique
3RM-ao8IbrM-00342-00070858-00071001 opportunity in the short term no one's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00343-00071002-00071137 going to be kidding Cisco out anytime
3RM-ao8IbrM-00344-00071138-00071643 soon there's a safety rating and using
3RM-ao8IbrM-00345-00071644-00071974 the big companies I think what what
3RM-ao8IbrM-00346-00071975-00072150 Cisco is able to bring is a there's a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00347-00072151-00072472 level of financial stability that other
3RM-ao8IbrM-00348-00072473-00072657 companies may not have and so they can
3RM-ao8IbrM-00349-00072658-00072882 weather the storm for a long time so you
3RM-ao8IbrM-00350-00072883-00073090 know I it's easy to say going to Cisco
3RM-ao8IbrM-00351-00073091-00073224 is the safe bet it has been for a long
3RM-ao8IbrM-00352-00073225-00073431 time but but i but I think it's also the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00353-00073432-00073605 smart bet I think they're they're able
3RM-ao8IbrM-00354-00073606-00073780 to continue to invest in things maybe
3RM-ao8IbrM-00355-00073781-00074055 smaller companies more people do yeah my
3RM-ao8IbrM-00356-00074056-00074217 question on Cisco a big fan of their
3RM-ao8IbrM-00357-00074218-00074418 strategy have been vocal about that for
3RM-ao8IbrM-00358-00074419-00074662 a while my question on Cisco want to be
3RM-ao8IbrM-00359-00074663-00074905 critical is to say how fast can you get
3RM-ao8IbrM-00360-00074906-00075136 that development going show the software
3RM-ao8IbrM-00361-00075137-00075412 value in market show customers a growth
3RM-ao8IbrM-00362-00075413-00075667 trajectory that they can execute on it
3RM-ao8IbrM-00363-00075668-00075811 can advantage the network policy
3RM-ao8IbrM-00364-00075812-00076048 intelligence if they could do that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00365-00076049-00076281 they're gonna be in good shape you agree
3RM-ao8IbrM-00366-00076282-00076417 yeah I think one of the challenges
3RM-ao8IbrM-00367-00076418-00076603 though is the transformation of their
3RM-ao8IbrM-00368-00076604-00076830 customer base do and that's where the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00369-00076831-00076978 work Suzy we've been doing in the dev
3RM-ao8IbrM-00370-00076979-00077181 that teams so important like if if they
3RM-ao8IbrM-00371-00077182-00077365 were to shift their whole strategy over
3RM-ao8IbrM-00372-00077366-00077641 at the developer folks talk word today I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00373-00077642-00077884 think that would largely put them in a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00374-00077885-00078000 position or trouble because the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00375-00078001-00078138 engineers that work with the stuff and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00376-00078139-00078267 the resellers that work with the stuff
3RM-ao8IbrM-00377-00078268-00078478 aren't they don't really have the skill
3RM-ao8IbrM-00378-00078479-00078715 sets they advantage that right so last
3RM-ao8IbrM-00379-00078716-00079003 year Suzy we she really talked a lot
3RM-ao8IbrM-00380-00079004-00079135 about the growth a definite this year
3RM-ao8IbrM-00381-00079136-00079305 they came out with in Barcelona this
3RM-ao8IbrM-00382-00079306-00079494 year they they came up with a bunch of
3RM-ao8IbrM-00383-00079495-00079879 certifications for dev net now there
3RM-ao8IbrM-00384-00079880-00080041 they were actually coming out with a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00385-00080042-00080095 number
3RM-ao8IbrM-00386-00080096-00080341 of a partner certifications as well so
3RM-ao8IbrM-00387-00080342-00080500 the resellers can get certified but I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00388-00080501-00080725 think it's important that they continue
3RM-ao8IbrM-00389-00080726-00081046 to push their engineer base into gaining
3RM-ao8IbrM-00390-00081047-00081145 these new skills I'll give you an
3RM-ao8IbrM-00391-00081146-00081286 interesting data point for my research
3RM-ao8IbrM-00392-00081287-00081514 and that's you know that only about a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00393-00081515-00081682 quarter of networking engineers has ever
3RM-ao8IbrM-00394-00081683-00081928 made an API call right and so you look
3RM-ao8IbrM-00395-00081929-00082162 at all Cisco's new gear it's all API
3RM-ao8IbrM-00396-00082163-00082336 driven and so if you want to do
3RM-ao8IbrM-00397-00082337-00082477 something as simple as say get all the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00398-00082478-00082669 IP addresses in your network you can
3RM-ao8IbrM-00399-00082670-00082924 just use an API call for that right the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00400-00082925-00083074 other way to do it is you do a show
3RM-ao8IbrM-00401-00083075-00083293 command and the CLI your screen scrape
3RM-ao8IbrM-00402-00083294-00083509 and you take a visual basic trip that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00403-00083510-00083710 you parse it you know and you get it
3RM-ao8IbrM-00404-00083711-00083995 that way right so the API map using
3RM-ao8IbrM-00405-00083996-00084121 those is a lot easier and so I think
3RM-ao8IbrM-00406-00084122-00084337 Cisco's got a good strategy with Deb net
3RM-ao8IbrM-00407-00084338-00084574 they've grown that face a lot it's still
3RM-ao8IbrM-00408-00084575-00084757 relatively small you know it's under a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00409-00084758-00084910 million people and you think of the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00410-00084911-00085102 overall size the Cisco customer user
3RM-ao8IbrM-00411-00085103-00085318 base point that's where they gonna put
3RM-ao8IbrM-00412-00085319-00085504 some effort right more and more out
3RM-ao8IbrM-00413-00085505-00085711 driving adoption to them now
3RM-ao8IbrM-00414-00085712-00085879 well I think you're smarter than I think
3RM-ao8IbrM-00415-00085880-00086005 you're researching them they must be
3RM-ao8IbrM-00416-00086006-00086179 listening to you because they haven't
3RM-ao8IbrM-00417-00086180-00086362 really tried to jam that down their
3RM-ao8IbrM-00418-00086363-00086416 throats
3RM-ao8IbrM-00419-00086417-00086656 they've been very humble about it and I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00420-00086657-00086824 think a million is pretty damn good
3RM-ao8IbrM-00421-00086825-00087121 number I think Cisco again to your point
3RM-ao8IbrM-00422-00087122-00087417 they're bringing people into the water
3RM-ao8IbrM-00423-00087418-00087721 the low end first before you you go to
3RM-ao8IbrM-00424-00087722-00087925 the deep end so swim with the bubble if
3RM-ao8IbrM-00425-00087926-00088255 you will with definite what they did was
3RM-ao8IbrM-00426-00088256-00088462 they assumed the engineer had no
3RM-ao8IbrM-00427-00088463-00088741 knowledge of software because I think at
3RM-ao8IbrM-00428-00088742-00088888 first when they put the lot of the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00429-00088889-00089011 programs a place they assumed people
3RM-ao8IbrM-00430-00089012-00089185 would have some knowledge of how to code
3RM-ao8IbrM-00431-00089186-00089488 right and and I also think the industry
3RM-ao8IbrM-00432-00089489-00089671 did them a bit of a disservice we used
3RM-ao8IbrM-00433-00089672-00089800 her there was a lot of stuff written in
3RM-ao8IbrM-00434-00089801-00089980 the media how every network engineer
3RM-ao8IbrM-00435-00089981-00090136 needs to become a software developer
3RM-ao8IbrM-00436-00090137-00090316 well they don't have to summer get make
3RM-ao8IbrM-00437-00090317-00090472 them software developers but they at
3RM-ao8IbrM-00438-00090473-00090673 least have to come software power ease
3RM-ao8IbrM-00439-00090674-00090931 right so do your job through software
3RM-ao8IbrM-00440-00090932-00091138 but you don't have to be a developer and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00441-00091139-00091372 that's where definite really when it
3RM-ao8IbrM-00442-00091373-00091552 really matured is that diverge down to
3RM-ao8IbrM-00443-00091553-00091816 past developer engineer who's your saw
3RM-ao8IbrM-00444-00091817-00091999 common software skills and then you
3RM-ao8IbrM-00445-00092000-00092176 break down a specialist after that and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00446-00092177-00092413 so they've they've actually helped with
3RM-ao8IbrM-00447-00092414-00092566 the maturity of that they've changed
3RM-ao8IbrM-00448-00092567-00092743 their certification programs for reflect
3RM-ao8IbrM-00449-00092744-00092947 that and I think Devin that really is a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00450-00092948-00093181 big be and if they can transition that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00451-00093182-00093445 engineer base then it helps the adoption
3RM-ao8IbrM-00452-00093446-00093500 of the new
3RM-ao8IbrM-00453-00093501-00093782 on these I want to get your final
3RM-ao8IbrM-00454-00093783-00094079 thoughts on this segment on multi-cloud
3RM-ao8IbrM-00455-00094080-00094316 obviously it would be a really great win
3RM-ao8IbrM-00456-00094317-00094532 for it creates of interoperability
3RM-ao8IbrM-00457-00094533-00094669 strictly with the network intelligence
3RM-ao8IbrM-00458-00094670-00094859 cisco could bring to the table and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00459-00094860-00095048 others you got startups out there like
3RM-ao8IbrM-00460-00095049-00095357 aviatrix and others and vmware with nsx
3RM-ao8IbrM-00461-00095358-00095546 trying to get that for the security
3RM-ao8IbrM-00462-00095547-00095765 fabric a lot of action going on with
3RM-ao8IbrM-00463-00095766-00096029 multi cloud and networking your thoughts
3RM-ao8IbrM-00464-00096030-00096230 what does your research tell you what's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00465-00096231-00096368 gonna transpire how do you see that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00466-00096369-00096629 market playing out in my research shows
3RM-ao8IbrM-00467-00096630-00096797 that little R ad percent of companies
3RM-ao8IbrM-00468-00096798-00097085 prior to Co vid had multi-cloud on the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00469-00097086-00097265 roadmap and I'm assuming that's that's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00470-00097266-00097400 gone up I haven't actually done a survey
3RM-ao8IbrM-00471-00097401-00097733 since then um one of the I think it's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00472-00097734-00097937 funny koban exposed a lot of things from
3RM-ao8IbrM-00473-00097938-00098156 a lot of vendors right and I think one
3RM-ao8IbrM-00474-00098157-00098363 of the things that is is shown cracks in
3RM-ao8IbrM-00475-00098364-00098447 the cloud
3RM-ao8IbrM-00476-00098448-00098663 yeah you look at some of the the data
3RM-ao8IbrM-00477-00098664-00098825 and how many outages Microsoft had
3RM-ao8IbrM-00478-00098826-00099098 Google had some strains AWS has held up
3RM-ao8IbrM-00479-00099099-00099431 pretty well under the strain of of a lot
3RM-ao8IbrM-00480-00099432-00099668 of the higher utilization when coated
3RM-ao8IbrM-00481-00099669-00099902 but they've been building a lot of
3RM-ao8IbrM-00482-00099903-00100082 capacity into theirs as well so I think
3RM-ao8IbrM-00483-00100083-00100286 from a customer perspective it makes
3RM-ao8IbrM-00484-00100287-00100406 sense you don't want to put all your
3RM-ao8IbrM-00485-00100407-00100628 eggs in one basket some cloud providers
3RM-ao8IbrM-00486-00100629-00100835 are stronger in some regions they each
3RM-ao8IbrM-00487-00100836-00101054 have different their own different cloud
3RM-ao8IbrM-00488-00101055-00101306 platforms other private cloud platforms
3RM-ao8IbrM-00489-00101307-00101591 and the problem is is if you decide if
3RM-ao8IbrM-00490-00101592-00101807 you decide to go multi-cloud you can't
3RM-ao8IbrM-00491-00101808-00102035 use the cloud providers tools right so
3RM-ao8IbrM-00492-00102036-00102299 if I use an AWS load balancer that works
3RM-ao8IbrM-00493-00102300-00102515 great in AWS but it's not gonna help me
3RM-ao8IbrM-00494-00102516-00102803 with Azure or GCE similarly if I use GCP
3RM-ao8IbrM-00495-00102804-00102985 tools I can't extend that out the azure
3RM-ao8IbrM-00496-00102986-00103199 so something needs to connect those and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00497-00103200-00103381 be able to five security and policy and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00498-00103382-00103561 that's where multi cloud comes from and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00499-00103563-00103727 you're right there's some good startups
3RM-ao8IbrM-00500-00103728-00104000 there I think um the difference with
3RM-ao8IbrM-00501-00104001-00104339 Cisco this time versus the Sdn world was
3RM-ao8IbrM-00502-00104340-00104513 when as the ends came about I think
3RM-ao8IbrM-00503-00104514-00104882 Cisco didn't want that to happen and I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00504-00104883-00105041 think they actually actively worked
3RM-ao8IbrM-00505-00105042-00105263 against us the end and I've talked to
3RM-ao8IbrM-00506-00105264-00105425 chuck Robbins about that he said you'll
3RM-ao8IbrM-00507-00105426-00105644 never ever see Cisco do that again if
3RM-ao8IbrM-00508-00105645-00105863 something is good for the customers they
3RM-ao8IbrM-00509-00105864-00106043 want to lead that transition and so
3RM-ao8IbrM-00510-00106044-00106193 Cisco's been very active in multi
3RM-ao8IbrM-00511-00106194-00106384 focking and given they've got the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00512-00106385-00106682 install base already I do think they
3RM-ao8IbrM-00513-00106683-00106820 will help bring this long but there are
3RM-ao8IbrM-00514-00106821-00106902 some good stir
3RM-ao8IbrM-00515-00106903-00107168 yeah it's interesting Sdn really wasn't
3RM-ao8IbrM-00516-00107169-00107243 ready for primetime
3RM-ao8IbrM-00517-00107244-00107452 even when VMware bought in this era hey
3RM-ao8IbrM-00518-00107453-00107606 when it was still there I didn't have a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00519-00107607-00108466 lot of revenue it had a future VMware
3RM-ao8IbrM-00520-00108467-00108701 claims that's the saves and NSX was
3RM-ao8IbrM-00521-00108702-00108904 saved by a Sdn some people say was
3RM-ao8IbrM-00522-00108905-00109094 completely rewritten final thoughts on
3RM-ao8IbrM-00523-00109095-00109322 outlook and you see coming out of Ovid
3RM-ao8IbrM-00524-00109323-00109585 obviously it's been well reported we've
3RM-ao8IbrM-00525-00109586-00109781 been reporting VPNs have been under
3RM-ao8IbrM-00526-00109782-00109997 provision that was a blind spot bought a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00527-00109998-00110191 blind spots and disruption that wasn't
3RM-ao8IbrM-00528-00110192-00110408 forecasted in the classic sense there
3RM-ao8IbrM-00529-00110408-00110858 was no there was no you know hurricane
3RM-ao8IbrM-00530-00110858-00111079 there was no flood it was a covin
3RM-ao8IbrM-00531-00111080-00111320 invisible disruption yeah and there's no
3RM-ao8IbrM-00532-00111321-00111545 impact right like even with when you
3RM-ao8IbrM-00533-00111546-00111752 think of what happened with the the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00534-00111753-00111977 floods in New York and 9/11 people knew
3RM-ao8IbrM-00535-00111978-00112141 that they'd eventually go back and so
3RM-ao8IbrM-00536-00112142-00112309 business continuity and disaster
3RM-ao8IbrM-00537-00112310-00112613 recovery was a temporary thing and I can
3RM-ao8IbrM-00538-00112614-00112759 I set up a data center to work for a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00539-00112760-00112889 couple months so I can go back to New
3RM-ao8IbrM-00540-00112890-00113065 York that's not the case with koban
3RM-ao8IbrM-00541-00113066-00113283 where we're trying to manage for an
3RM-ao8IbrM-00542-00113284-00113536 undefined endpoint which is extremely
3RM-ao8IbrM-00543-00113538-00113779 difficult for an IT perspective I do
3RM-ao8IbrM-00544-00113780-00113983 think that Kogan again has highlighted
3RM-ao8IbrM-00545-00113984-00114152 the value of the network I think we'll
3RM-ao8IbrM-00546-00114153-00114446 see a lot of transition from VPN to sd
3RM-ao8IbrM-00547-00114447-00114668 when I think that's that's certainly
3RM-ao8IbrM-00548-00114669-00114899 good I think the rise in video will also
3RM-ao8IbrM-00549-00114900-00115106 cause a Wi-Fi upgrade cycle we'll get
3RM-ao8IbrM-00550-00115107-00115264 back to the office and I think you'll
3RM-ao8IbrM-00551-00115265-00115421 see a lot of focus on programmability
3RM-ao8IbrM-00552-00115422-00115552 and agility because I don't believe
3RM-ao8IbrM-00553-00115553-00115739 we're gonna see everybody return to the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00554-00115740-00115927 office was like one big bang John I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00555-00115928-00116140 think we're more likely to see is the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00556-00116141-00116297 future work to be almost like when you
3RM-ao8IbrM-00557-00116298-00116471 and I were in college we do a bunch of
3RM-ao8IbrM-00558-00116472-00116716 stuff at home we go to the campus when
3RM-ao8IbrM-00559-00116717-00116929 we have classes and when we want to meet
3RM-ao8IbrM-00560-00116930-00117119 people similarly we'll go to work when
3RM-ao8IbrM-00561-00117120-00117323 we have meetings and then in between
3RM-ao8IbrM-00562-00117324-00117500 meetings we'll go find an open place to
3RM-ao8IbrM-00563-00117501-00117736 work but in general we'll do a lot of
3RM-ao8IbrM-00564-00117738-00117920 work a lot more work from home in fact
3RM-ao8IbrM-00565-00117921-00118135 my research shows 93 percent of the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00566-00118136-00118309 business leaders I interviewed said they
3RM-ao8IbrM-00567-00118310-00118496 expect to see at least a 30 percent
3RM-ao8IbrM-00568-00118497-00118643 increase in the work from home post
3RM-ao8IbrM-00569-00118644-00118826 Kovan right so we're gonna have a lot
3RM-ao8IbrM-00570-00118827-00118990 more people doing that but it's not
3RM-ao8IbrM-00571-00118991-00119110 gonna be everyone working for home
3RM-ao8IbrM-00572-00119111-00119273 everybody work in the office it's gonna
3RM-ao8IbrM-00573-00119274-00119477 be a hybrid of the two people are gonna
3RM-ao8IbrM-00574-00119478-00119710 come and go and that bribes the need for
3RM-ao8IbrM-00575-00119711-00120010 agility and today's networks really not
3RM-ao8IbrM-00576-00120011-00120264 that agile and so I need
3RM-ao8IbrM-00577-00120265-00120410 I want to go back to college if we do
3RM-ao8IbrM-00578-00120411-00120633 thirsty happy hours do I mean have the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00579-00120633-00120921 whole week or the stupid stuff
3RM-ao8IbrM-00580-00120922-00121263 it's the final point you mentioned SP
3RM-ao8IbrM-00581-00121264-00121539 when I was talking with Dave Volante SP
3RM-ao8IbrM-00582-00121540-00121733 Minutemen just last week and I said you
3RM-ao8IbrM-00583-00121734-00121883 know this SD win today is not your
3RM-ao8IbrM-00584-00121884-00122271 grandfather's sdn meaning SP where it's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00585-00122272-00122429 changed a lot it's basically the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00586-00122430-00122640 internet now so what was the modern
3RM-ao8IbrM-00587-00122641-00122898 update definition of SD grin I mean it
3RM-ao8IbrM-00588-00122899-00123069 used to be you connect the wide area
3RM-ao8IbrM-00589-00123070-00123233 network you can have some campus you'd
3RM-ao8IbrM-00590-00123234-00123468 do some networking what is it now what's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00591-00123469-00123944 the same name but it's yeah what is it
3RM-ao8IbrM-00592-00123945-00124184 your journey the technology if you look
3RM-ao8IbrM-00593-00124185-00124433 at the adoption of anything right the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00594-00124434-00124634 first wave of stuff is to make the new
3RM-ao8IbrM-00595-00124635-00124854 stuff look like the old stuff so we put
3RM-ao8IbrM-00596-00124855-00125064 VoIP in we made it look a lot like TDM
3RM-ao8IbrM-00597-00125065-00125316 when we had cloud we lifted and shift it
3RM-ao8IbrM-00598-00125317-00125445 and how did we didn't really enjoy wraps
3RM-ao8IbrM-00599-00125446-00125561 and then we eventually get smart and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00600-00125563-00125748 think what can I do with the new thing
3RM-ao8IbrM-00601-00125749-00126006 that I can't do the old thing and so a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00602-00126007-00126207 lot of early SD win deployments were
3RM-ao8IbrM-00603-00126208-00126432 simply just replacements for MPLS and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00604-00126433-00126570 they were put in to save a bit of money
3RM-ao8IbrM-00605-00126571-00126771 but now companies are getting smarter
3RM-ao8IbrM-00606-00126772-00126924 they're thinking about what can I do
3RM-ao8IbrM-00607-00126925-00127071 with my SD win that I couldn't do before
3RM-ao8IbrM-00608-00127072-00127254 so there's a lot more tighter
3RM-ao8IbrM-00609-00127255-00127431 integration with security I think as
3RM-ao8IbrM-00610-00127432-00127704 companies but SD win in and and think
3RM-ao8IbrM-00611-00127705-00127854 about what the win is today John it used
3RM-ao8IbrM-00612-00127855-00128060 to be corporate offices and data centers
3RM-ao8IbrM-00613-00128061-00128325 I think it's everybody's house right and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00614-00128326-00128583 so being able to extend your win at the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00615-00128583-00128877 single people out to planes trains and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00616-00128878-00129029 automobiles you remember that movie but
3RM-ao8IbrM-00617-00129030-00129185 those are all getting connected as well
3RM-ao8IbrM-00618-00129186-00129458 people's back acts fan kiosk those are
3RM-ao8IbrM-00619-00129459-00129723 all becoming way endpoints right so
3RM-ao8IbrM-00620-00129724-00129927 that's where you need to embed more
3RM-ao8IbrM-00621-00129928-00130176 security in the network and so I think
3RM-ao8IbrM-00622-00130177-00130329 that's a transition we've seen into that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00623-00130330-00130551 see you and I think the technology has
3RM-ao8IbrM-00624-00130552-00130691 matured to the point where it's getting
3RM-ao8IbrM-00625-00130692-00130893 easier to deploy faster to flow and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00626-00130894-00131100 you're right we can use the internet for
3RM-ao8IbrM-00627-00131101-00131346 transport in some cases some will still
3RM-ao8IbrM-00628-00131347-00131508 keep there still be a lot of MPLS out
3RM-ao8IbrM-00629-00131509-00131766 there but I do think we wind up in this
3RM-ao8IbrM-00630-00131767-00132057 hybrid world but clearly then the time
3RM-ao8IbrM-00631-00132058-00132285 has never been better for for SD win I
3RM-ao8IbrM-00632-00132286-00132540 will see a rule of curve for that
3RM-ao8IbrM-00633-00132541-00132771 because it's the only way to extend the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00634-00132772-00133077 win the people's homes the things the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00635-00133078-00133209 cars and really anything that's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00636-00133210-00133455 connected you know that's such a great
3RM-ao8IbrM-00637-00133456-00133614 point and I think this is a real new
3RM-ao8IbrM-00638-00133615-00133782 once in the industry it's a whole nother
3RM-ao8IbrM-00639-00133783-00133971 rebirth of the category because the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00640-00133972-00134211 aperture is brighter you got policy
3RM-ao8IbrM-00641-00134212-00134378 you've got reliability and get security
3RM-ao8IbrM-00642-00134379-00134709 built in this is key key Johnny H salt
3RM-ao8IbrM-00643-00134710-00135048 key yeah yeah whole concept the AI ops
3RM-ao8IbrM-00644-00135049-00135186 becomes real because we're collecting
3RM-ao8IbrM-00645-00135187-00135348 data and we're able to use AI to
3RM-ao8IbrM-00646-00135349-00135675 automate operations so Z's we call it s
3RM-ao8IbrM-00647-00135676-00135840 T win 2.0 that's what you got to do we
3RM-ao8IbrM-00648-00135841-00135996 got making an acronym out of this come
3RM-ao8IbrM-00649-00135997-00136278 on we can't just saw s T when it is SD
3RM-ao8IbrM-00650-00136279-00136485 win - righto because it's the next it's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00651-00136486-00136677 that it's it's the second wave of it
3RM-ao8IbrM-00652-00136678-00136833 we're actually thinking about how to
3RM-ao8IbrM-00653-00136834-00137064 transform our companies so the the John
3RM-ao8IbrM-00654-00137065-00137193 Chambers quote of transition for
3RM-ao8IbrM-00655-00137194-00137436 transversus transformation is apropos
3RM-ao8IbrM-00656-00137437-00137667 because the like I said a lot of the
3RM-ao8IbrM-00657-00137668-00137997 waves that that Cisco went through early
3RM-ao8IbrM-00658-00137998-00138198 on was we transition the market and then
3RM-ao8IbrM-00659-00138199-00138501 we transform right and so SD win so far
3RM-ao8IbrM-00660-00138502-00138675 has been transitional moving away from
3RM-ao8IbrM-00661-00138676-00138855 the old thing but now in strength and
3RM-ao8IbrM-00662-00138856-00139041 defense formed where our entire network
3RM-ao8IbrM-00663-00139042-00139353 operates these gradients that always a
3RM-ao8IbrM-00664-00139354-00139482 pleasure to talk to you get the straight
3RM-ao8IbrM-00665-00139483-00139635 scoop for the signal right there from
3RM-ao8IbrM-00666-00139636-00139812 all the noise in the industry now more
3RM-ao8IbrM-00667-00139813-00139992 than ever people are gonna be focused on
3RM-ao8IbrM-00668-00139993-00140214 critical project so thanks for your
3RM-ao8IbrM-00669-00140215-00140508 insight as DK now can research great
3RM-ao8IbrM-00670-00140509-00140724 stuff and we'll keep keep following you
3RM-ao8IbrM-00671-00140725-00140934 in great guest thank you come on thanks
3RM-ao8IbrM-00672-00140935-00140964 John
3RM-ao8IbrM-00673-00140965-00141234 first burger okay cute conversation here
3RM-ao8IbrM-00674-00141235-00141381 remote we're doing our part either at
3RM-ao8IbrM-00675-00141382-00141654 home and studio quarantine in this is
3RM-ao8IbrM-00676-00141655-00141915 the cube virtual virtualization has come
3RM-ao8IbrM-00677-00141916-00142146 to the cube will do will do whatever it
3RM-ao8IbrM-00678-00142147-00142293 takes to get the content out there Z's
3RM-ao8IbrM-00679-00142294-00142437 thanks so much for coming I appreciate
3RM-ao8IbrM-00680-00142438-00143359 thanks for watching on John Currier
3RM-ao8IbrM-00681-00143360-00143669 [Music]
3Uzs23zxAg0-00000-00000003-00000265 the IGEL languages also spell teo or the
3Uzs23zxAg0-00001-00000266-00000488 language is spoken by the iga people in
3Uzs23zxAg0-00002-00000488-00000802 southern Nigeria classification the IGEL
3Uzs23zxAg0-00003-00000803-00001003 languages are traditionally considered a
3Uzs23zxAg0-00004-00001005-00001193 distinct branch of the Niger Congo
3Uzs23zxAg0-00005-00001194-00001403 family perhaps along with de FACA in a
3Uzs23zxAg0-00006-00001404-00001657 group called I joint they are notable
3Uzs23zxAg0-00007-00001659-00001889 for their subject-object-verb basic word
3Uzs23zxAg0-00008-00001889-00002101 order which is otherwise an unusual
3Uzs23zxAg0-00009-00002102-00002317 feature in Niger Congo shared only by
3Uzs23zxAg0-00010-00002318-00002564 such distant potential branches as mande
3Uzs23zxAg0-00011-00002565-00002888 and Dogon like Monday and Dogon I joined
3Uzs23zxAg0-00012-00002889-00003071 lacks even traces of the noun class
3Uzs23zxAg0-00013-00003072-00003263 system considered characteristic of
3Uzs23zxAg0-00014-00003264-00003560 Niger Congo this motivated Joseph
3Uzs23zxAg0-00015-00003561-00003785 Greenberg in his initial classification
3Uzs23zxAg0-00016-00003786-00003979 of Niger Congo to describe them as
3Uzs23zxAg0-00017-00003980-00004165 having split early from that family
3Uzs23zxAg0-00018-00004166-00004391 however owing to the lack of these
3Uzs23zxAg0-00019-00004392-00004597 features linguist Jared Diamond all
3Uzs23zxAg0-00020-00004598-00004793 doubts their inclusion in Niger Congo
3Uzs23zxAg0-00021-00004794-00004981 altogether and considers the I join
3Uzs23zxAg0-00022-00004982-00005188 languages to be an independent family
3Uzs23zxAg0-00023-00005189-00005411 the following internal classification is
3Uzs23zxAg0-00024-00005412-00005722 based on January 1989 and Williamson and
3Uzs23zxAg0-00025-00005723-00005872 blench 2000
3Uzs23zxAg0-00026-00005873-00006149 Nakuru Calabar II Bonnie Avani
3Uzs23zxAg0-00027-00006150-00006406 Oak Creek akyurek southeast I J own men
3Uzs23zxAg0-00028-00006408-00006677 via casa West or central highs on inland
3Uzs23zxAg0-00029-00006678-00006941 Ibis any Akita o Cordia or umma in the
3Uzs23zxAg0-00030-00006942-00007187 Diaspora Berbice creole dutch a creole
3Uzs23zxAg0-00031-00007188-00007417 spoken in guyana had a lexicon based
3Uzs23zxAg0-00032-00007418-00007634 partly on an EO language perhaps the
3Uzs23zxAg0-00033-00007634-00007948 ancestor of kala vari kallenberg 1994
3Uzs23zxAg0-00034-00007948-00008276 usage in teaching in June 2013 the eyes
3Uzs23zxAg0-00035-00008277-00008531 on phy instructional book and audio CDs
3Uzs23zxAg0-00036-00008532-00008726 were launched at a ceremony attended by
3Uzs23zxAg0-00037-00008727-00008917 officials of the government of by Elsa
3Uzs23zxAg0-00038-00008918-00009196 State the Niger Delta University is
3Uzs23zxAg0-00039-00009197-00009364 working to expand the range of books
3Uzs23zxAg0-00040-00009365-00009598 available in the IGEL language
3Uzs23zxAg0-00041-00009599-00009821 translations of poetry and the call of
3Uzs23zxAg0-00042-00009822-00010028 the river nun by Gabriel Okara are
3Uzs23zxAg0-00043-00010029-00010358 underway references bibliography Freeman
3Uzs23zxAg0-00044-00010359-00010823 R a and K Williamson 1967 eeo proverbs
3Uzs23zxAg0-00045-00010824-00011139 research notes evident 1 - 1 - 11
3Uzs23zxAg0-00046-00011140-00011498 kallenberg Sylvia 1994 a grammar of
3Uzs23zxAg0-00047-00011499-00011717 Berbice Dutch Creole Lewton grammar
3Uzs23zxAg0-00048-00011718-00012026 library 12 Berlin New York Mouton de
3Uzs23zxAg0-00049-00012027-00012439 Gruyter Lee JD & K Williamson 1990 a
3Uzs23zxAg0-00050-00012440-00012710 lexico statistic classification of EO
3Uzs23zxAg0-00051-00012711-00012985 dialects research in African languages
3Uzs23zxAg0-00052-00012986-00013288 and linguistics 1 - 1 point 1 to 10
3Uzs23zxAg0-00053-00013288-00013444 Williamson
3Uzs23zxAg0-00054-00013444-00013805 1963 the syntax of verbs of motion in EO
3Uzs23zxAg0-00055-00013806-00014364 j african languages 2.15 0 to 150 for
3Uzs23zxAg0-00056-00014365-00014813 Williamson K 1966 yo dialects in the
3Uzs23zxAg0-00057-00014813-00015103 polyglot Africana Sierra Leone language
3Uzs23zxAg0-00058-00015104-00015749 review 5 122 to 133 Williamson K 1969
3Uzs23zxAg0-00059-00015750-00016088 Evo and EEO chapters 7 & 8 and 12
3Uzs23zxAg0-00060-00016088-00016352 Nigerian languages ed by E Dunstan
3Uzs23zxAg0-00061-00016353-00016831 Longman's Williamson K 1971 animal names
3Uzs23zxAg0-00062-00016832-00017311 in EO AFR note 6 number 253 261
3Uzs23zxAg0-00063-00017312-00017719 Williamson K 1973 some reduced vowel
3Uzs23zxAg0-00064-00017720-00018111 harmony systems research notes 6 2 1-3
3Uzs23zxAg0-00065-00018112-00018767 145 to 169 Williamson K 1977 multi
3Uzs23zxAg0-00066-00018768-00019047 valued features for consonants language
3Uzs23zxAg0-00067-00019048-00019705 53.84 3 2 871 Williamson K 1978 from
3Uzs23zxAg0-00068-00019706-00019984 tone to pitch accent the case of EO Kiev
3Uzs23zxAg0-00069-00019985-00020377 are one to two point one one six to 125
3Uzs23zxAg0-00070-00020378-00020819 Williamson K 1979 consonant distribution
3Uzs23zxAg0-00071-00020820-00021100 in EO in linguistic and literary studies
3Uzs23zxAg0-00072-00021101-00021436 presented to Archibald Hill at EC Polo
3Uzs23zxAg0-00073-00021437-00021683 may and W winter three point three four
3Uzs23zxAg0-00074-00021684-00022105 one two 353 lease Netherlands Peter de
3Uzs23zxAg0-00075-00022106-00022517 Ridder Press Williamson K 1979 medial
3Uzs23zxAg0-00076-00022518-00022765 consonants in pro te o journal of
3Uzs23zxAg0-00077-00022766-00023056 african languages and linguistics 1.73
3Uzs23zxAg0-00078-00023057-00023584 294 Williamson K 1987 nasality and
3Uzs23zxAg0-00079-00023585-00023642 yeeowww
3Uzs23zxAg0-00080-00023643-00023867 in current trends in african linguistics
3Uzs23zxAg0-00081-00023868-00024325 for ED by david aden 397 to 415
3Uzs23zxAg0-00082-00024326-00024749 Williamson K 1989 tone and accent a neo
3Uzs23zxAg0-00083-00024750-00025090 in pitch accent systems ed by Harry V D
3Uzs23zxAg0-00084-00025091-00025621 Halston Norval Smith 253 to 278 forest
3Uzs23zxAg0-00085-00025622-00025981 publications Williamson K 2004 the
3Uzs23zxAg0-00086-00025982-00026170 language situation in the Niger Delta
3Uzs23zxAg0-00087-00026172-00026462 chapter 2 in the development of eyes on
3Uzs23zxAg0-00088-00026463-00026708 language edited by Martha l AK Donna 9
3Uzs23zxAg0-00089-00026708-00026812 to 13
3Uzs23zxAg0-00090-00026813-00027208 Williamson K and a Oh Timmy Timmy 1970 a
3Uzs23zxAg0-00091-00027209-00027511 note on number symbolism a neo African
3Uzs23zxAg0-00092-00027512-00027932 notes in baton 5 2 3 9 to 16 Williamson
3Uzs23zxAg0-00093-00027933-00028333 K and timet I'm a Oh 197 a note on I Jo
3Uzs23zxAg0-00094-00028334-00028676 number symbolism African notes 5 3 9 to
3Uzs23zxAg0-00095-00028677-00029140 16 fill it a at Boudia 2006 the I jaw
3Uzs23zxAg0-00096-00029141-00029495 language project editor of WWII
3Uzs23zxAg0-00097-00029495-00029960 dictionary calm WWI ejection re command
3Uzs23zxAg0-00098-00029961-00030333 specific language Williamson K 1962
3Uzs23zxAg0-00099-00030334-00030595 republished by bobbs-merrill reprints
3Uzs23zxAg0-00100-00030595-00030901 1971 changes in the marriage system of
3Uzs23zxAg0-00101-00030902-00031321 the oak creek EEO africa 32.5 3 260 or
3Uzs23zxAg0-00102-00031322-00031760 Apollo GJ + K Williamson 1980 Oak Rica
3Uzs23zxAg0-00103-00031761-00031985 in West African language datasheets
3Uzs23zxAg0-00104-00031986-00032360 volume 2 edited by Emmy crop de kubu
3Uzs23zxAg0-00105-00032361-00032599 light in West African linguistic Society
3Uzs23zxAg0-00106-00032600-00033105 and African Studies Center
3Uzs23zxAg0-00107-00033106-00033685 external links the idea dictionary
3Uzs23zxAg0-00108-00033686-00033906 online
3UNNqlggvW0-00000-00000035-00000557 century
3UNNqlggvW0-00001-00000558-00001258 spotted
3UNNqlggvW0-00002-00001259-00001660 placing swamp grenade
3UNNqlggvW0-00003-00001661-00002413 placing swamp grenade
3UNNqlggvW0-00004-00002414-00003131 out here
3UNNqlggvW0-00005-00003132-00003395 targets destroyed
3UNNqlggvW0-00006-00003396-00005351 here
3UNNqlggvW0-00007-00005352-00005945 we got this gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00008-00005946-00006049 thanks
3UNNqlggvW0-00009-00006050-00006431 Satchel out
3UNNqlggvW0-00010-00006431-00007228 foreign
3UNNqlggvW0-00011-00007229-00008273 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00012-00008274-00009463 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00013-00009464-00009760 12 grenade out
3UNNqlggvW0-00014-00009761-00010440 foreign
3UNNqlggvW0-00015-00010441-00011969 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00016-00011970-00012129 Spike planted
3UNNqlggvW0-00017-00012130-00013343 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00018-00013344-00013888 last round before the switch
3UNNqlggvW0-00019-00013890-00014327 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00020-00014328-00014801 thanks reloading
3UNNqlggvW0-00021-00014802-00015430 don't overthink it that's my job
3UNNqlggvW0-00022-00015431-00015672 get up get out of my way
3UNNqlggvW0-00023-00015673-00016093 they seem swamp today
3UNNqlggvW0-00024-00016094-00016261 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00025-00016262-00016628 replacing swamp grenade out
3UNNqlggvW0-00026-00016629-00016747 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00027-00016748-00018508 your Trail
3UNNqlggvW0-00028-00018509-00020207 ers
3UNNqlggvW0-00030-00023292-00025414 foreign
3UNNqlggvW0-00031-00025415-00025793 thanks
3UNNqlggvW0-00032-00025794-00025981 careful
3UNNqlggvW0-00033-00025982-00026495 careful careful
3UNNqlggvW0-00034-00026495-00026717 okay
3UNNqlggvW0-00035-00026718-00026935 ready
3UNNqlggvW0-00036-00026936-00027268 enemy spotted
3UNNqlggvW0-00037-00027269-00028079 reloading
3UNNqlggvW0-00038-00028080-00028555 reloading
3UNNqlggvW0-00039-00028556-00029281 swamp grenade reloading
3UNNqlggvW0-00040-00029282-00029633 one enemy remaining
3UNNqlggvW0-00041-00029633-00029860 foreign
3UNNqlggvW0-00042-00029861-00031067 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00043-00031068-00031596 thanks
3UNNqlggvW0-00044-00031597-00031811 good work
3UNNqlggvW0-00045-00031812-00032224 time to mobilize my pack
3UNNqlggvW0-00046-00032225-00032758 no you did well you did well
3UNNqlggvW0-00047-00032760-00034452 begins
3UNNqlggvW0-00048-00034453-00035077 18th century
3UNNqlggvW0-00049-00035078-00036268 swamp grenade
3UNNqlggvW0-00050-00036269-00036629 one enemy remaining
3UNNqlggvW0-00051-00036630-00037055 oh my God
3UNNqlggvW0-00052-00037056-00038387 flawless
3UNNqlggvW0-00053-00038388-00038765 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00054-00038766-00040205 reloaded down here
3UNNqlggvW0-00055-00040206-00040559 I've got your Trail
3UNNqlggvW0-00056-00040560-00040793 be careful
3UNNqlggvW0-00057-00040794-00041579 careful
3UNNqlggvW0-00058-00041580-00042462 reloading going up
3UNNqlggvW0-00059-00042463-00042677 enemy killed
3UNNqlggvW0-00060-00042678-00042877 here
3UNNqlggvW0-00061-00042878-00043746 one enemy remaining
3UNNqlggvW0-00062-00043747-00043943 sudden death
3UNNqlggvW0-00063-00043944-00044651 done here
3UNNqlggvW0-00064-00044652-00045127 come here here reloading watching this
3UNNqlggvW0-00065-00045128-00046030 let's get this win
3UNNqlggvW0-00066-00046031-00046751 forecast
3UNNqlggvW0-00067-00046752-00047746 whole house
3UNNqlggvW0-00068-00047747-00048107 go on my mouth go on my mark go on my
3UNNqlggvW0-00069-00048108-00048346 map
3UNNqlggvW0-00070-00048347-00048593 here
3UNNqlggvW0-00071-00048594-00049073 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00072-00049074-00049480 reloading reloading
3UNNqlggvW0-00073-00049481-00049980 freeloading I've got your trailer
3UNNqlggvW0-00074-00049981-00050629 facing alarm box
3UNNqlggvW0-00075-00050630-00052307 30 seconds left
3UNNqlggvW0-00076-00052308-00053254 player standing
3UNNqlggvW0-00077-00053255-00053634 give me those back
3UNNqlggvW0-00078-00053635-00053892 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00079-00053894-00054266 Defenders win
3UNNqlggvW0-00080-00054266-00056488 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00081-00056489-00057325 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00082-00057326-00057635 match found
3UNNqlggvW0-00085-00065645-00068185 foreign
3UNNqlggvW0-00086-00068186-00068513 if I must live in this nightmare my
3UNNqlggvW0-00087-00068514-00069419 enemies might as well join me gone here
3UNNqlggvW0-00088-00069420-00069647 thanks
3UNNqlggvW0-00089-00069648-00069929 thanks
3UNNqlggvW0-00090-00069930-00070103 greetings
3UNNqlggvW0-00091-00070104-00070397 greetings
3UNNqlggvW0-00092-00070398-00070793 hello
3UNNqlggvW0-00093-00070794-00072994 ultimately
3UNNqlggvW0-00094-00072995-00073229 cutting their vision
3UNNqlggvW0-00095-00073230-00073450 reloading
3UNNqlggvW0-00096-00073451-00074023 enemy
3UNNqlggvW0-00097-00074024-00074723 one enemy remaining
3UNNqlggvW0-00098-00074724-00075037 lights down
3UNNqlggvW0-00099-00075038-00075341 placing swamp grenade placing swarm
3UNNqlggvW0-00100-00075342-00076193 grenade
3UNNqlggvW0-00101-00076194-00076523 out
3UNNqlggvW0-00102-00076524-00077209 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00103-00077210-00077591 there gun here hola
3UNNqlggvW0-00104-00077592-00078041 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00105-00078042-00078312 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00106-00078313-00078694 come here
3UNNqlggvW0-00107-00078695-00080167 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00108-00080168-00080605 reloading no reloading
3UNNqlggvW0-00109-00080606-00081749 reloading come here
3UNNqlggvW0-00110-00081750-00082199 I'm rotating
3UNNqlggvW0-00111-00082200-00082355 here
3UNNqlggvW0-00112-00082356-00083243 go on my mark go on my map
3UNNqlggvW0-00113-00083244-00083712 My ultimate is ready
3UNNqlggvW0-00114-00083713-00085285 30 seconds left my old's ready
3UNNqlggvW0-00115-00085286-00086476 swamp grenade racing swamp grenades
3UNNqlggvW0-00116-00086477-00087205 ah turn it down
3UNNqlggvW0-00117-00087206-00087887 last player standing
3UNNqlggvW0-00118-00087888-00089549 worthless
3UNNqlggvW0-00119-00089550-00089782 last round in the half
3UNNqlggvW0-00120-00089783-00089941 come here
3UNNqlggvW0-00121-00089942-00090965 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00122-00090966-00091597 saying I will break the balance
3UNNqlggvW0-00123-00091598-00093221 Shadows traveling
3UNNqlggvW0-00124-00093222-00094211 enemy spotted
3UNNqlggvW0-00125-00094212-00094759 help
3UNNqlggvW0-00126-00094760-00096582 fights down
3UNNqlggvW0-00127-00096583-00096787 yeah
3UNNqlggvW0-00128-00096788-00097123 one enemy remaining
3UNNqlggvW0-00129-00097124-00097381 [Laughter]
3UNNqlggvW0-00130-00097382-00098044 last player standing
3UNNqlggvW0-00131-00098045-00099462 clutch
3UNNqlggvW0-00132-00099463-00099718 switching sides
3UNNqlggvW0-00133-00099719-00099893 gone here
3UNNqlggvW0-00134-00099894-00100055 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00135-00100056-00100618 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00136-00100619-00101526 thanks
3UNNqlggvW0-00137-00101527-00102203 Shadows traveling 18th century
3UNNqlggvW0-00138-00102204-00102294 here
3UNNqlggvW0-00139-00102295-00103127 placing swamp grenade
3UNNqlggvW0-00140-00103128-00103656 terminated
3UNNqlggvW0-00141-00103657-00104484 facing swamp pretty
3UNNqlggvW0-00142-00104485-00106386 go on my mark careful
3UNNqlggvW0-00143-00106388-00106877 30 seconds left
3UNNqlggvW0-00144-00106878-00109877 foreign
3UNNqlggvW0-00145-00109878-00111581 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00146-00111582-00113416 placing swamp grenade
3UNNqlggvW0-00147-00113417-00113836 help
3UNNqlggvW0-00148-00113838-00114313 videos
3UNNqlggvW0-00149-00114314-00115033 one enemy remaining
3UNNqlggvW0-00150-00115033-00115602 reloading
3UNNqlggvW0-00151-00115603-00116015 Match Point Usher then towards their
3UNNqlggvW0-00152-00116016-00116975 Eternal rest
3UNNqlggvW0-00153-00116976-00117684 foreign ers
3UNNqlggvW0-00154-00117685-00118045 are going out
3UNNqlggvW0-00155-00118046-00120258 missing alarm box placing swarm grenade
3UNNqlggvW0-00156-00120259-00120599 three out
3UNNqlggvW0-00157-00120600-00122045 illusion is ready
3UNNqlggvW0-00158-00122046-00122602 careful
3UNNqlggvW0-00159-00122603-00124607 30 seconds left
3UNNqlggvW0-00160-00124608-00125027 10 seconds left
3UNNqlggvW0-00161-00125028-00125275 your duty is not over
3UNNqlggvW0-00162-00125276-00126028 Spike planted
3UNNqlggvW0-00163-00126029-00128184 one enemy remaining
3UNNqlggvW0-00164-00128185-00128336 Defenders win
3UNNqlggvW0-00165-00128338-00128442 [Applause]
3UNNqlggvW0-00166-00128443-00130763 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00167-00130764-00131278 match found
3UNNqlggvW0-00169-00137291-00140261 foreign
3UNNqlggvW0-00170-00140262-00143147 foreign
3UNNqlggvW0-00171-00143148-00143387 placing swamp grenade
3UNNqlggvW0-00172-00143388-00144701 swarm grenade out
3UNNqlggvW0-00173-00144702-00145661 30 seconds left
3UNNqlggvW0-00174-00145662-00145847 go on my mark
3UNNqlggvW0-00175-00145848-00146543 go on my mark
3UNNqlggvW0-00176-00146544-00146699 Satchel out
3UNNqlggvW0-00177-00146700-00147113 10 seconds left
3UNNqlggvW0-00178-00147114-00147928 one enemy remaining
3UNNqlggvW0-00179-00147929-00148151 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00180-00148152-00148451 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00181-00148452-00148685 their jet is playing hard to get gun
3UNNqlggvW0-00182-00148686-00149266 here all right I'll play
3UNNqlggvW0-00183-00149267-00150149 gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00185-00153432-00153545 happy
3UNNqlggvW0-00186-00153546-00154426 swamp grenade our last player standing
3UNNqlggvW0-00187-00154427-00154897 last round before the switch
3UNNqlggvW0-00188-00154898-00156143 careful gun here
3UNNqlggvW0-00189-00156144-00156640 reload
3UNNqlggvW0-00191-00160217-00161104 player standing bike planted Ace
3UNNqlggvW0-00192-00161105-00162161 switching sides
3UNNqlggvW0-00193-00162162-00162487 it's gone here
3UNNqlggvW0-00194-00162488-00163073 let's fly
3UNNqlggvW0-00196-00166590-00166721 thank you
3UNNqlggvW0-00197-00166722-00167323 found them destroyed
3UNNqlggvW0-00198-00167324-00169181 player standing
3UNNqlggvW0-00199-00169182-00169433 we'll take these arms for a spin you've
3UNNqlggvW0-00200-00169434-00169637 gone here
3UNNqlggvW0-00201-00169638-00172172 foreign
3UNNqlggvW0-00202-00172173-00173531 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00204-00176989-00177316 Match Point bridge I wish you'd take my
3UNNqlggvW0-00205-00177317-00177569 extra reactor coolant if your arms
3UNNqlggvW0-00206-00177570-00178487 overheat out there don't blame me
3UNNqlggvW0-00207-00178488-00179842 quick peeks now
3UNNqlggvW0-00208-00179843-00180259 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00210-00183505-00184295 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00211-00184296-00184602 oh
3UNNqlggvW0-00212-00184603-00184957 [Music]
3UNNqlggvW0-00213-00184958-00185438 my God Defenders win
3VpYfgAk_KY-00000-00000038-00000264 steak au poivre French pronunciation
3VpYfgAk_KY-00001-00000265-00000505 stick Oh pave Quebec French
3VpYfgAk_KY-00002-00000506-00000841 pronunciation State ko pwv or pepper
3VpYfgAk_KY-00003-00000842-00001070 steak is a French dish that consists of
3VpYfgAk_KY-00004-00001071-00001229 a steak traditionally a filet mignon
3VpYfgAk_KY-00005-00001230-00001481 coated with coarsely cracked peppercorns
3VpYfgAk_KY-00006-00001482-00001735 and then cooked the peppercorns form a
3VpYfgAk_KY-00007-00001736-00001901 crust on the steak when cooked and
3VpYfgAk_KY-00008-00001902-00002084 provide a pungent but complimentary
3VpYfgAk_KY-00009-00002085-00002267 counterpoint to the rich flavor of the
3VpYfgAk_KY-00010-00002268-00002870 high-quality beef
3VpYfgAk_KY-00011-00002871-00003486 topic preparation and ingredients
3VpYfgAk_KY-00012-00003487-00003742 the peppercorn crust itself is made by
3VpYfgAk_KY-00013-00003743-00003925 placing the steak in a bed of cracked
3VpYfgAk_KY-00014-00003926-00004240 black or mixed peppercorns typically the
3VpYfgAk_KY-00015-00004241-00004420 steak is seared in a hot skillet with a
3VpYfgAk_KY-00016-00004421-00004702 small amount of butter and oil the steak
3VpYfgAk_KY-00017-00004703-00004891 is seared at a high temperature to cook
3VpYfgAk_KY-00018-00004892-00005092 the outside quickly and form the crust
3VpYfgAk_KY-00019-00005093-00005250 while leaving the interior rare to
3VpYfgAk_KY-00020-00005251-00005511 medium-rare the steak is then left to
3VpYfgAk_KY-00021-00005512-00005700 rest for several minutes and then served
3VpYfgAk_KY-00022-00005701-00005941 steak au poivre is often served with pan
3VpYfgAk_KY-00023-00005942-00006153 peppercorn sauce consisting of reduced
3VpYfgAk_KY-00024-00006154-00006375 cognac heavy cream and the Fond from the
3VpYfgAk_KY-00025-00006376-00006564 bottom of the pan often including other
3VpYfgAk_KY-00026-00006565-00006769 ingredients such as butter shallots
3VpYfgAk_KY-00027-00006770-00007071 and/or Dijon mustard common side dishes
3VpYfgAk_KY-00028-00007072-00007294 to steak au poivre are various forms of
3VpYfgAk_KY-00029-00007295-00007509 mashed potatoes and pommes frites small
3VpYfgAk_KY-00030-00007511-00007785 fried shoestring potatoes steak au
3VpYfgAk_KY-00031-00007786-00007930 poivre may be found in traditional
3VpYfgAk_KY-00032-00007931-00008692 French restaurants in most urban areas
3VpYfgAk_KY-00033-00008693-00009232 topic see also
3VpYfgAk_KY-00034-00009233-00009751 list of steak dishes food portal
3VV4iAe3ou0-00000-00000003-00000193 hey everybody I'm lanskoy today I want
3VV4iAe3ou0-00001-00000194-00000367 to discuss the difference between at
3VV4iAe3ou0-00002-00000368-00000751 your primary exercise and your secondary
3VV4iAe3ou0-00003-00000752-00001058 or your assistance exercises so in
3VV4iAe3ou0-00004-00001059-00001141 general
3VV4iAe3ou0-00005-00001142-00001387 well not in general every program has an
3VV4iAe3ou0-00006-00001388-00001780 order in which we do things and if you
3VV4iAe3ou0-00007-00001782-00001951 watched our video yesterday we talked a
3VV4iAe3ou0-00008-00001952-00002092 little bit about that we want to make
3VV4iAe3ou0-00009-00002093-00002315 sure that we put those big bang for your
3VV4iAe3ou0-00010-00002316-00002539 buck like gonna get you a lot of your
3VV4iAe3ou0-00011-00002540-00002758 adaptation a lot of your improvement we
3VV4iAe3ou0-00012-00002759-00002912 want to put those things earlier in the
3VV4iAe3ou0-00013-00002913-00003359 program well generally the more
3VV4iAe3ou0-00014-00003360-00003677 technically demanding exercises are the
3VV4iAe3ou0-00015-00003678-00004036 ones with the bigger payoff and so you
3VV4iAe3ou0-00016-00004037-00004349 know our example was a squatting program
3VV4iAe3ou0-00017-00004350-00004652 for a powerlifter I don't want to start
3VV4iAe3ou0-00018-00004653-00004918 with simple like hamstring curl
3VV4iAe3ou0-00019-00004919-00005183 exercises I want to put in my squat
3VV4iAe3ou0-00020-00005184-00005549 first while I'm fresh because if you've
3VV4iAe3ou0-00021-00005550-00005765 ever watched somebody do a long set of
3VV4iAe3ou0-00022-00005766-00005956 squats as they get fatigued the
3VV4iAe3ou0-00023-00005957-00006131 technique gets worse and worse and worse
3VV4iAe3ou0-00024-00006132-00006311 and so they're getting less and less out
3VV4iAe3ou0-00025-00006312-00006550 of that they're learning worse patterns
3VV4iAe3ou0-00026-00006551-00006770 right and they just can't push
3VV4iAe3ou0-00027-00006770-00007031 themselves force output drops everything
3VV4iAe3ou0-00028-00007031-00007442 right now again that is less of an issue
3VV4iAe3ou0-00029-00007443-00007691 in a hypertrophy program but if it's
3VV4iAe3ou0-00030-00007692-00007960 strength and power or technique based
3VV4iAe3ou0-00031-00007961-00008235 program and you want to prioritize that
3VV4iAe3ou0-00032-00008236-00008603 the other major thing that I want to you
3VV4iAe3ou0-00033-00008604-00008801 know a distinction that I want to make
3VV4iAe3ou0-00034-00008802-00009046 is like your primary exercise is
3VV4iAe3ou0-00035-00009047-00009253 basically the thing you're trying to get
3VV4iAe3ou0-00036-00009254-00009608 better the assistance exercise is not
3VV4iAe3ou0-00037-00009609-00009869 there to stroke your ego it's just there
3VV4iAe3ou0-00038-00009870-00010231 to make you better so what people
3VV4iAe3ou0-00039-00010232-00010574 commonly do and commonly mess up is they
3VV4iAe3ou0-00040-00010575-00010835 chase these assistance exercises they
3VV4iAe3ou0-00041-00010836-00011164 want those to become like competitions
3VV4iAe3ou0-00042-00011165-00011405 and they keep trying to increase weight
3VV4iAe3ou0-00043-00011406-00011653 on on exercises that really aren't
3VV4iAe3ou0-00044-00011654-00011914 designed for that they're designed to
3VV4iAe3ou0-00045-00011915-00012088 kind of undo some of the bad things
3VV4iAe3ou0-00046-00012089-00012385 about what you've done so a good example
3VV4iAe3ou0-00047-00012386-00012617 is if I squatting a dead lifting a lot
3VV4iAe3ou0-00048-00012618-00012778 and that's my goal I want to get those
3VV4iAe3ou0-00049-00012779-00013033 better well I might do ab exercises
3VV4iAe3ou0-00050-00013034-00013340 because it will directly oppose the
3VV4iAe3ou0-00051-00013341-00013516 squatting in the deadlifting stiffness
3VV4iAe3ou0-00052-00013518-00013816 in my back that develops while I do
3VV4iAe3ou0-00053-00013818-00014131 squatting and dead lifting but it's not
3VV4iAe3ou0-00054-00014132-00014384 necessarily going to make my squat and
3VV4iAe3ou0-00055-00014385-00014561 deadlift go up it's just gonna keep my
3VV4iAe3ou0-00056-00014562-00014780 body together so that I can keep
3VV4iAe3ou0-00057-00014781-00015100 training and not have any setbacks
3VV4iAe3ou0-00058-00015101-00015391 that's like I think in my mind that's
3VV4iAe3ou0-00059-00015393-00015575 the simplest example but you could also
3VV4iAe3ou0-00060-00015576-00015913 talk about just like a basic hamstring
3VV4iAe3ou0-00061-00015915-00016202 curl you're targeting the hamstring it's
3VV4iAe3ou0-00062-00016203-00016385 not about using the most weight if I
3VV4iAe3ou0-00063-00016386-00016697 click my hip flexors on and I bear down
3VV4iAe3ou0-00064-00016698-00016991 and I do my hamstring curl then yeah I'm
3VV4iAe3ou0-00065-00016992-00017159 gonna be able to use more weight but I'm
3VV4iAe3ou0-00066-00017160-00017417 gonna shift some of that force off of
3VV4iAe3ou0-00067-00017418-00017714 the hamstring so make sure you're using
3VV4iAe3ou0-00068-00017715-00017954 the right stuff make sure your technique
3VV4iAe3ou0-00069-00017955-00018269 is appropriate don't shorten your range
3VV4iAe3ou0-00070-00018270-00018491 of motion like doing a lateral raise or
3VV4iAe3ou0-00071-00018492-00018698 something don't shorten your range of
3VV4iAe3ou0-00072-00018699-00018914 motion and just squeeze random reps out
3VV4iAe3ou0-00073-00018915-00019139 if that's not the goal of the exercise
3VV4iAe3ou0-00074-00019140-00019388 the goal there is to fatigue that
3VV4iAe3ou0-00075-00019389-00019640 particular muscle for those isolation
3VV4iAe3ou0-00076-00019641-00019883 type exercises hopefully that helps shed
3VV4iAe3ou0-00077-00019884-00020054 some light on the difference between
3VV4iAe3ou0-00078-00020055-00020366 your primary exercise of the day and
3VV4iAe3ou0-00079-00020367-00020756 your assistance exercises
3WZd92Nb_d8-00000-00000000-00001688 ah you hear this is it Selena me ah the
3WZd92Nb_d8-00001-00001689-00002489 pump sup um hey now yes sir hey no your
3WZd92Nb_d8-00002-00002490-00003220 son hey no it's up hey no yourself for
3WZd92Nb_d8-00003-00003221-00003533 the shack eat sounds long it's all big
3WZd92Nb_d8-00004-00003534-00003736 mouths Oh see that might look a nice
3WZd92Nb_d8-00005-00003738-00004058 place now take low choking him all the
3WZd92Nb_d8-00006-00004059-00004306 way take back gonna snap backs may come
3WZd92Nb_d8-00007-00004307-00004947 through and boys hey now yes sir hey no
3WZd92Nb_d8-00008-00004948-00005731 yes sir hey no yourself hey no yes sir
3WZd92Nb_d8-00009-00005732-00005986 running atomic so no way like while my
3WZd92Nb_d8-00010-00005987-00006275 paypal so climb up hey tup I can't
3WZd92Nb_d8-00011-00006276-00006608 tonight greater st. quite a head to make
3WZd92Nb_d8-00012-00006609-00007001 a great guy to do nothing now take a pie
3WZd92Nb_d8-00013-00007002-00007295 looking right now oh my number to a beta
3WZd92Nb_d8-00014-00007295-00007523 I'm not gonna let you know betta keep
3WZd92Nb_d8-00015-00007523-00007748 them right away now papi too much
3WZd92Nb_d8-00016-00007748-00007921 without this you don't wanna mechanical
3WZd92Nb_d8-00017-00007922-00008788 a now on you get hey no yes sir hey no
3WZd92Nb_d8-00018-00008789-00009571 you're so hey no yes so hey no you stop
3WZd92Nb_d8-00019-00009572-00010649 ah yeah this is Serena me oh yeah stop
3WZd92Nb_d8-00020-00010650-00011395 ahhh stop ahhh
3WZd92Nb_d8-00021-00011396-00012322 a bump Saban
3XF0biC_cSg-00000-00000110-00000416 when we walk into Vermont's schools we
3XF0biC_cSg-00001-00000417-00000805 see it it's there every time when our
3XF0biC_cSg-00002-00000806-00001079 eyes scan the hallways the classrooms
3XF0biC_cSg-00003-00001080-00001420 and the shared spaces we see it in a
3XF0biC_cSg-00004-00001421-00001743 sign that reads here we lift all boats
3XF0biC_cSg-00005-00001744-00002204 you matter you are welcome and we
3XF0biC_cSg-00006-00002205-00002546 succeed together we see it when teachers
3XF0biC_cSg-00007-00002547-00002701 and students sit in a circle on the
3XF0biC_cSg-00008-00002702-00002950 floor together to discuss current events
3XF0biC_cSg-00009-00002951-00003235 and issues of race and identity with
3XF0biC_cSg-00010-00003236-00003692 compassion respect and empathy it's
3XF0biC_cSg-00011-00003693-00003959 everyday courage and it lies at the
3XF0biC_cSg-00012-00003960-00004387 heart of innovative education
3cHfinEcMYu-00000-00000012-00000719 mm-hmm
3cHfinEcMYu-00001-00000720-00000977 we're here to show people around the
3cHfinEcMYu-00002-00000977-00001337 State House visually but also to you
3cHfinEcMYu-00003-00001338-00001547 know get an understanding of the of the
3cHfinEcMYu-00004-00001548-00001768 governor's budget address today so I'm
3cHfinEcMYu-00005-00001769-00002075 wondering from your position uh what you
3cHfinEcMYu-00006-00002076-00002273 think is going to come down today and
3cHfinEcMYu-00007-00002274-00002483 what what are your thoughts about it
3cHfinEcMYu-00008-00002484-00002663 well I mean first of all one of the
3cHfinEcMYu-00009-00002664-00002879 things we keep in mind generally is that
3cHfinEcMYu-00010-00002880-00003052 the governor proposes and the
3cHfinEcMYu-00011-00003053-00003304 legislature disposes you know we then
3cHfinEcMYu-00012-00003305-00003604 not that we just uh you know don't
3cHfinEcMYu-00013-00003605-00003856 accept any of his recommendations but we
3cHfinEcMYu-00014-00003857-00004049 are the ultimate Arbiter of what goes in
3cHfinEcMYu-00015-00004050-00004372 the budget and so you know we then look
3cHfinEcMYu-00016-00004373-00004583 at what the governor is putting out
3cHfinEcMYu-00017-00004584-00004817 there as his priorities and try to find
3cHfinEcMYu-00018-00004818-00005069 some common ground I think we have to
3cHfinEcMYu-00019-00005070-00005267 all keep in mind the governor received a
3cHfinEcMYu-00020-00005268-00005447 huge mandate from the voters and so did
3cHfinEcMYu-00021-00005448-00005572 the Democratic majority in the
3cHfinEcMYu-00022-00005573-00005788 legislature people are asking us to work
3cHfinEcMYu-00023-00005789-00006095 together and I hope we hear a lot about
3cHfinEcMYu-00024-00006096-00006383 housing Transportation some basic
3cHfinEcMYu-00025-00006384-00006610 infrastructure issues I think where we
3cHfinEcMYu-00026-00006611-00006760 disagree with the governor and we'll
3cHfinEcMYu-00027-00006761-00006964 probably hear some of that is the
3cHfinEcMYu-00028-00006965-00007175 revenue needed to help support families
3cHfinEcMYu-00029-00007176-00007409 with paid family leave and child care
3cHfinEcMYu-00030-00007409-00007613 Senator Tanya viehovski I am a senator
3cHfinEcMYu-00031-00007614-00007889 from Chittenden Central and Tanya so you
3cHfinEcMYu-00032-00007890-00008089 just heard the governor's budget address
3cHfinEcMYu-00033-00008090-00008369 what are your first impressions from
3cHfinEcMYu-00034-00008370-00008507 what we heard from Governor Phil Scott
3cHfinEcMYu-00035-00008508-00008759 yeah I mean the governor certainly is
3cHfinEcMYu-00036-00008760-00008992 Keen on making some record one-time
3cHfinEcMYu-00037-00008993-00009131 Investments which I think is really
3cHfinEcMYu-00038-00009132-00009395 important you know it was hard for me to
3cHfinEcMYu-00039-00009396-00009664 hear some critical things left out you
3cHfinEcMYu-00040-00009665-00009803 know he's talking a lot about affordable
3cHfinEcMYu-00041-00009804-00009959 housing but he continues to talk about
3cHfinEcMYu-00042-00009960-00010241 that as rentals only which we know shuts
3cHfinEcMYu-00043-00010242-00010409 middle and lower income people out of
3cHfinEcMYu-00044-00010410-00010577 the wealth Market in this country we
3cHfinEcMYu-00045-00010578-00010733 hold the vast majority of our wealth in
3cHfinEcMYu-00046-00010734-00010960 our home equity and if we only discuss
3cHfinEcMYu-00047-00010961-00011171 affordable housing as rentals we're
3cHfinEcMYu-00048-00011172-00011351 actually trapping people in cyclical
3cHfinEcMYu-00049-00011352-00011578 poverty so that was certainly you know
3cHfinEcMYu-00050-00011579-00011795 disheartening to hear him continue to
3cHfinEcMYu-00051-00011796-00011963 only talk about affordable housing in
3cHfinEcMYu-00052-00011964-00012306 terms of rentals rather than building
3cHfinEcMYu-00053-00012307-00012556 housing Equity so people can afford to
3cHfinEcMYu-00054-00012557-00012755 buy in the state I mean I'm the only
3cHfinEcMYu-00055-00012756-00013049 renter in the Senate and I've given up
3cHfinEcMYu-00056-00013050-00013229 on ever being able to afford to own a
3cHfinEcMYu-00057-00013230-00013403 home here which is is really unfortunate
3cHfinEcMYu-00058-00013404-00013822 the state for so many younger vermonters
3cHfinEcMYu-00059-00013823-00014038 and and it's I think why we have such a
3cHfinEcMYu-00060-00014040-00014315 demographic problem you know I think the
3cHfinEcMYu-00061-00014316-00014488 investment in child care is important
3cHfinEcMYu-00062-00014490-00014638 but we know from the Rand study that's
3cHfinEcMYu-00063-00014640-00014866 not enough it is not actually going to
3cHfinEcMYu-00064-00014868-00015130 ensure that every child has access to
3cHfinEcMYu-00065-00015131-00015377 Equitable high quality child care and
3cHfinEcMYu-00066-00015378-00015533 that our early educators are getting
3cHfinEcMYu-00067-00015534-00015815 paid fair and livable wages so I'm happy
3cHfinEcMYu-00068-00015816-00015965 that he is committing to making
3cHfinEcMYu-00069-00015966-00016193 additional investment and we need to do
3cHfinEcMYu-00070-00016194-00016315 more than that
3cHfinEcMYu-00071-00016316-00016583 some of the other pieces that you know
3cHfinEcMYu-00072-00016584-00016744 talking about substance use and mental
3cHfinEcMYu-00073-00016745-00016913 health care I'm a social worker this is
3cHfinEcMYu-00074-00016914-00017177 certainly critically important and there
3cHfinEcMYu-00075-00017178-00017350 was no reference to harm reduction
3cHfinEcMYu-00076-00017351-00017593 Services we have seen year after year
3cHfinEcMYu-00077-00017594-00017933 record deaths due to some due to
3cHfinEcMYu-00078-00017934-00018125 overdoses and we simply have to keep
3cHfinEcMYu-00079-00018126-00018329 people alive we can build out treatment
3cHfinEcMYu-00080-00018330-00018503 services and of course we need to do
3cHfinEcMYu-00081-00018504-00018622 that and we can build out Prevention
3cHfinEcMYu-00082-00018623-00018808 Services and of course we need to do
3cHfinEcMYu-00083-00018809-00018953 that but if people aren't alive they
3cHfinEcMYu-00084-00018954-00019127 can't access them and so we simply have
3cHfinEcMYu-00085-00019128-00019349 to change the conversation and make
3cHfinEcMYu-00086-00019350-00019529 investments in in harm reduction and
3cHfinEcMYu-00087-00019530-00019786 we've seen across the globe really that
3cHfinEcMYu-00088-00019787-00020033 when we do that people are more engaged
3cHfinEcMYu-00089-00020034-00020291 in treatment and prevention one because
3cHfinEcMYu-00090-00020292-00020441 it prevents death but also because it
3cHfinEcMYu-00091-00020442-00020705 builds trust and it builds the capacity
3cHfinEcMYu-00092-00020706-00020819 for people to enter into those Services
3cHfinEcMYu-00093-00020820-00021035 when they're ready
3cHfinEcMYu-00094-00021036-00021197 we're also really didn't mention the
3cHfinEcMYu-00095-00021198-00021299 climate
3cHfinEcMYu-00096-00021300-00021791 attack you talked a little bit
3cHfinEcMYu-00097-00021792-00022169 are in an absolute catastrophe in terms
3cHfinEcMYu-00098-00022170-00022336 of climate I mean we've seen it just
3cHfinEcMYu-00099-00022337-00022558 this winter with extreme weather events
3cHfinEcMYu-00100-00022559-00022925 and 60 degrees in January and and Flash
3cHfinEcMYu-00101-00022926-00023086 freezing where we're being begged to
3cHfinEcMYu-00102-00023087-00023243 stay off the roads by the Vermont State
3cHfinEcMYu-00103-00023244-00023513 Police and those events are just going
3cHfinEcMYu-00104-00023514-00023711 to get more and more frequent and so I
3cHfinEcMYu-00105-00023712-00023897 think it was it was frustrating to not
3cHfinEcMYu-00106-00023898-00024064 hear that mentioned as well as not
3cHfinEcMYu-00107-00024065-00024191 really talking about the climate
3cHfinEcMYu-00108-00024192-00024413 resiliency that we need talking about
3cHfinEcMYu-00109-00024414-00024617 investing in our mobile home parks is
3cHfinEcMYu-00110-00024618-00024749 important but we also need to talk about
3cHfinEcMYu-00111-00024750-00024989 how we move the end of the largely low
3cHfinEcMYu-00112-00024990-00025325 income individuals out of flood zones
3cHfinEcMYu-00113-00025326-00025541 where is which is where we put a lot of
3cHfinEcMYu-00114-00025542-00025678 these mobile home parks so I think that
3cHfinEcMYu-00115-00025679-00025943 it was a only partially formed
3cHfinEcMYu-00116-00025944-00026093 conversation
3cHfinEcMYu-00117-00026094-00026339 so we've just heard the address you're
3cHfinEcMYu-00118-00026339-00026573 coming up with your thoughts the you
3cHfinEcMYu-00119-00026574-00026711 know the legislators are coming up with
3cHfinEcMYu-00120-00026712-00026801 their
3cHfinEcMYu-00121-00026802-00026945 um their responses and their Impressions
3cHfinEcMYu-00122-00026945-00027185 on it so what happens next and how does
3cHfinEcMYu-00123-00027186-00027358 the governor's budget get moved forward
3cHfinEcMYu-00124-00027360-00027545 and and revised and what does that
3cHfinEcMYu-00125-00027545-00027712 process kind of look like yeah it's kind
3cHfinEcMYu-00126-00027713-00027802 of
3cHfinEcMYu-00127-00027804-00028589 kind of said my understanding
3cHfinEcMYu-00128-00028589-00028781 Senator but the Committees of
3cHfinEcMYu-00129-00028782-00028937 jurisdiction that are working on policy
3cHfinEcMYu-00130-00028938-00029111 points will certainly take into to
3cHfinEcMYu-00131-00029112-00029279 consideration the things that he talked
3cHfinEcMYu-00132-00029280-00029393 about and the things that he mentioned
3cHfinEcMYu-00133-00029394-00029645 and where there might be points of
3cHfinEcMYu-00134-00029645-00029801 compromise and where there might be
3cHfinEcMYu-00135-00029802-00030017 spaces where we fundamentally disagree
3cHfinEcMYu-00136-00030018-00030293 and and the Appropriations committees
3cHfinEcMYu-00137-00030294-00030412 will really go over that with a
3cHfinEcMYu-00138-00030413-00030629 fine-tooth comb and work with the policy
3cHfinEcMYu-00139-00030630-00030862 Committees of jurisdiction to try and
3cHfinEcMYu-00140-00030863-00031193 flesh out what policies and what
3cHfinEcMYu-00141-00031194-00031390 initiatives need to be funded in order
3cHfinEcMYu-00142-00031391-00031649 to meet the needs of vermonters the
3cHfinEcMYu-00143-00031650-00031864 capital bill which is a separate from
3cHfinEcMYu-00144-00031866-00031990 which is sort of separate from the
3cHfinEcMYu-00145-00031991-00032137 larger budget we'll go to our
3cHfinEcMYu-00146-00032138-00032345 institutions committees where they will
3cHfinEcMYu-00147-00032345-00032543 start to look at the buildings and
3cHfinEcMYu-00148-00032544-00032735 infrastructure and and where they need
3cHfinEcMYu-00149-00032736-00032902 to make investments and how that lines
3cHfinEcMYu-00150-00032903-00033077 up with the governor's proposal and how
3cHfinEcMYu-00151-00033078-00033268 maybe it doesn't and then the
3cHfinEcMYu-00152-00033269-00033449 transportation committees will work on
3cHfinEcMYu-00153-00033450-00033617 the transportation bill
3cHfinEcMYu-00154-00033618-00033796 um again to look at where they align
3cHfinEcMYu-00155-00033797-00033940 with the governor's proposals and where
3cHfinEcMYu-00156-00033941-00034073 they don't
3cHfinEcMYu-00157-00034074-00034259 um and then you know we know this
3cHfinEcMYu-00158-00034260-00034559 Governor has heavily used The veto pen
3cHfinEcMYu-00159-00034560-00034739 so there can always be those spaces if
3cHfinEcMYu-00160-00034740-00034865 there's big enough disagreements where
3cHfinEcMYu-00161-00034866-00035099 we get into that that space of Vetoes
3cHfinEcMYu-00162-00035100-00035261 and veto overrides
3cHfinEcMYu-00163-00035262-00035524 yeah do you expect now with um the
3cHfinEcMYu-00164-00035525-00035740 combination the Democratic caucus now
3cHfinEcMYu-00165-00035741-00035951 having a veto proof majority or at least
3cHfinEcMYu-00166-00035952-00036059 that was something that the Democrats
3cHfinEcMYu-00167-00036060-00036221 were celebrating on Election night I
3cHfinEcMYu-00168-00036222-00036407 remember is that something that you see
3cHfinEcMYu-00169-00036408-00036562 potentially playing a role in this
3cHfinEcMYu-00170-00036563-00036707 legislative session
3cHfinEcMYu-00171-00036708-00036862 I certainly think it'll play a role I
3cHfinEcMYu-00172-00036863-00037012 mean I think it's important to keep in
3cHfinEcMYu-00173-00037013-00037243 mind that the Democratic caucus is has a
3cHfinEcMYu-00174-00037244-00037624 wide range of where people sit and and
3cHfinEcMYu-00175-00037625-00037811 we have certainly been in a space in
3cHfinEcMYu-00176-00037812-00038015 previous bienniums where we had on paper
3cHfinEcMYu-00177-00038016-00038261 a veto approved majority and when some
3cHfinEcMYu-00178-00038262-00038387 critical votes came down that's really
3cHfinEcMYu-00179-00038388-00038590 not how things went down I mean I do
3cHfinEcMYu-00180-00038591-00038735 know that in both Chambers we have
3cHfinEcMYu-00181-00038736-00038927 historic super majorities so I think
3cHfinEcMYu-00182-00038928-00039065 that that does give us a little bit more
3cHfinEcMYu-00183-00039066-00039287 freedom and and sort of protection in
3cHfinEcMYu-00184-00039288-00039539 some of those instances but the at least
3cHfinEcMYu-00185-00039540-00039755 my hope and I certainly you know can can
3cHfinEcMYu-00186-00039756-00039917 speak for the conversations we've had in
3cHfinEcMYu-00187-00039918-00040102 the Senate Democratic caucus we don't
3cHfinEcMYu-00188-00040103-00040355 want to to govern that way we don't want
3cHfinEcMYu-00189-00040356-00040571 to govern by ultimatum and veto and that
3cHfinEcMYu-00190-00040572-00040762 just it's bad governance you know we
3cHfinEcMYu-00191-00040763-00040901 want to be at the table and we want the
3cHfinEcMYu-00192-00040902-00041087 administration at the table building
3cHfinEcMYu-00193-00041088-00041279 compromise and doing better work for
3cHfinEcMYu-00194-00041280-00041440 vermonters but I certainly do think
3cHfinEcMYu-00195-00041441-00041699 there are some some critical policies
3cHfinEcMYu-00196-00041700-00041837 that have been vetoed in the past that
3cHfinEcMYu-00197-00041838-00041993 we may try to move forward again because
3cHfinEcMYu-00198-00041994-00042196 we feel that strongly that it is is
3cHfinEcMYu-00199-00042197-00042490 what's best for Vermont and you know I
3cHfinEcMYu-00200-00042491-00042617 can't speak for the governor but we've
3cHfinEcMYu-00201-00042618-00042809 certainly seen some interest vetoes like
3cHfinEcMYu-00202-00042810-00043012 the pension veto last year that passed
3cHfinEcMYu-00203-00043013-00043229 both houses unanimously and was still
3cHfinEcMYu-00204-00043230-00043468 vetoed by the governor so I don't
3cHfinEcMYu-00205-00043469-00043618 anticipate that there will be zero
3cHfinEcMYu-00206-00043619-00043871 vetoes just curious do you think four
3cHfinEcMYu-00207-00043872-00044087 million is enough for welcoming refugees
3cHfinEcMYu-00208-00044088-00044339 it seems to have the biggest Standing
3cHfinEcMYu-00209-00044340-00044507 Ovation so I'm just curious what you're
3cHfinEcMYu-00210-00044508-00044693 thinking about that and where you think
3cHfinEcMYu-00211-00044694-00044896 that money is going to go particularly
3cHfinEcMYu-00212-00044897-00045101 uh do you think there's a need for
3cHfinEcMYu-00213-00045102-00045311 language access
3cHfinEcMYu-00214-00045312-00045635 money well to answer your first question
3cHfinEcMYu-00215-00045636-00045958 no 4 million is not nearly enough to
3cHfinEcMYu-00216-00045959-00046240 provide support and housing and and
3cHfinEcMYu-00217-00046241-00046439 language access for new Americans
3cHfinEcMYu-00218-00046440-00046649 refugees immigrants you know anyone
3cHfinEcMYu-00219-00046650-00046846 needing that I think part of the reason
3cHfinEcMYu-00220-00046847-00047062 there was a
3cHfinEcMYu-00221-00047063-00047302 a standing ovation to that is it's in in
3cHfinEcMYu-00222-00047303-00047452 my knowledge the first time that the
3cHfinEcMYu-00223-00047453-00047699 governor's every ever publicly made
3cHfinEcMYu-00224-00047700-00047921 mention of putting any money in in that
3cHfinEcMYu-00225-00047922-00048089 direction and so I don't I don't I can't
3cHfinEcMYu-00226-00048090-00048227 speak for every one of my colleagues but
3cHfinEcMYu-00227-00048228-00048352 I can certainly speak for the ones that
3cHfinEcMYu-00228-00048353-00048490 that I was sitting there and have spoken
3cHfinEcMYu-00229-00048491-00048796 to after that of course it's not enough
3cHfinEcMYu-00230-00048797-00049007 um where exactly it'll go we'll we'll
3cHfinEcMYu-00231-00049008-00049157 have to wait until we see the more
3cHfinEcMYu-00232-00049158-00049445 detailed budget from the governor um and
3cHfinEcMYu-00233-00049446-00049637 and how we want to work with that you
3cHfinEcMYu-00234-00049638-00049846 know I in my first internship actually
3cHfinEcMYu-00235-00049847-00049961 worked with new Americans through
3cHfinEcMYu-00236-00049962-00050135 connecting cultures in Burlington and so
3cHfinEcMYu-00237-00050136-00050249 it's
3cHfinEcMYu-00238-00050250-00050458 and being you know the representative
3cHfinEcMYu-00239-00050459-00050602 for chicken and Central where we have
3cHfinEcMYu-00240-00050603-00050783 our most diverse cities and and the most
3cHfinEcMYu-00241-00050784-00050993 need for those supports I think it is
3cHfinEcMYu-00242-00050994-00051232 critically important and 4 million is
3cHfinEcMYu-00243-00051233-00051569 not even close to enough especially you
3cHfinEcMYu-00244-00051570-00051676 know in this moment when we're starting
3cHfinEcMYu-00245-00051677-00052025 to see more more refugees coming you
3cHfinEcMYu-00246-00052026-00052151 know particularly we're seeing a lot of
3cHfinEcMYu-00247-00052152-00052408 influx from the war in Ukraine
3cHfinEcMYu-00248-00052409-00052529 we just heard the governor's budget
3cHfinEcMYu-00249-00052529-00052601 address
3cHfinEcMYu-00250-00052602-00052744 um what are your first impressions what
3cHfinEcMYu-00251-00052745-00052882 did you hear from the governor and what
3cHfinEcMYu-00252-00052883-00053015 might have been left out in that speech
3cHfinEcMYu-00253-00053016-00053242 well my first impressions was that um
3cHfinEcMYu-00254-00053244-00053411 you know there's a couple of policy
3cHfinEcMYu-00255-00053412-00053561 areas that actually line up with what
3cHfinEcMYu-00256-00053562-00053716 House and Senate progressives have said
3cHfinEcMYu-00257-00053717-00053957 are our priorities but I left with the
3cHfinEcMYu-00258-00053958-00054197 under the um the underlining impression
3cHfinEcMYu-00259-00054198-00054353 though that they're all tiny little
3cHfinEcMYu-00260-00054354-00054550 incremental investments in areas that
3cHfinEcMYu-00261-00054551-00054766 need much more significant attention to
3cHfinEcMYu-00262-00054767-00054953 actually make systemic change or to make
3cHfinEcMYu-00263-00054954-00055109 a significant enough change to really
3cHfinEcMYu-00264-00055110-00055342 address some of the crises facing us and
3cHfinEcMYu-00265-00055344-00055571 two in particular that stood out House
3cHfinEcMYu-00266-00055572-00055726 and Senate progressives talk a lot about
3cHfinEcMYu-00267-00055727-00055865 economic dignity that's one of our
3cHfinEcMYu-00268-00055866-00056116 priorities this biennium that looks at
3cHfinEcMYu-00269-00056117-00056254 really supporting Working Families
3cHfinEcMYu-00270-00056255-00056476 looking at our housing crises looking at
3cHfinEcMYu-00271-00056477-00056675 workplace protections for workers things
3cHfinEcMYu-00272-00056676-00056837 that wrap around in a deeper more
3cHfinEcMYu-00273-00056838-00056980 meaningful way around Workforce
3cHfinEcMYu-00274-00056982-00057192 Development and figuring out what really
3cHfinEcMYu-00275-00057194-00057413 protects workers and helps retain
3cHfinEcMYu-00276-00057414-00057688 workers and and good paying jobs so when
3cHfinEcMYu-00277-00057689-00057953 the governor talked about housing he he
3cHfinEcMYu-00278-00057954-00058061 talked about putting some more money
3cHfinEcMYu-00279-00058062-00058319 into the vehic program which upfits
3cHfinEcMYu-00280-00058320-00058523 basically blighted properties and what
3cHfinEcMYu-00281-00058524-00058691 we put a lot of Investments of federal
3cHfinEcMYu-00282-00058691-00058900 money into housing new building and
3cHfinEcMYu-00283-00058901-00059099 again upfitting blighted property but
3cHfinEcMYu-00284-00059100-00059261 one of the continued things I am looking
3cHfinEcMYu-00285-00059262-00059476 at is where are tenants in this this
3cHfinEcMYu-00286-00059477-00059663 conversation we are moving a lot of
3cHfinEcMYu-00287-00059664-00059866 money towards developers and landlords
3cHfinEcMYu-00288-00059867-00060047 but when you think about who is most
3cHfinEcMYu-00289-00060048-00060275 struggling in a hot housing market it is
3cHfinEcMYu-00290-00060276-00060425 not those folks it is folks who are
3cHfinEcMYu-00291-00060426-00060604 paying rents or trying to move out of a
3cHfinEcMYu-00292-00060605-00060809 rental into a home a home that they're
3cHfinEcMYu-00293-00060810-00060994 buying for the first time and we've made
3cHfinEcMYu-00294-00060995-00061223 very incremental Investments and I
3cHfinEcMYu-00295-00061224-00061379 haven't seen any significant events
3cHfinEcMYu-00296-00061379-00061576 investments in tenants long term so
3cHfinEcMYu-00297-00061577-00061823 renters these short-term programs that
3cHfinEcMYu-00298-00061824-00062111 were emergency oriented are all drying
3cHfinEcMYu-00299-00062112-00062273 up with federal funds we didn't even do
3cHfinEcMYu-00300-00062274-00062482 enough funding to get people through the
3cHfinEcMYu-00301-00062483-00062771 winter with with um via rap program
3cHfinEcMYu-00302-00062772-00062957 which was that temporary rental and
3cHfinEcMYu-00303-00062958-00063263 utility assistance program so we need to
3cHfinEcMYu-00304-00063264-00063400 be much more strategic and we need to
3cHfinEcMYu-00305-00063401-00063532 get into the details around where
3cHfinEcMYu-00306-00063533-00063754 tenants are in housing investments and
3cHfinEcMYu-00307-00063755-00063892 making sure that we strategically say
3cHfinEcMYu-00308-00063894-00064066 this must be passed on through the
3cHfinEcMYu-00309-00064067-00064247 landlord into attendance for example
3cHfinEcMYu-00310-00064248-00064456 controlling rent for a certain period of
3cHfinEcMYu-00311-00064457-00064697 times If a landlord is accessing the
3cHfinEcMYu-00312-00064698-00064900 vehic program the other piece around
3cHfinEcMYu-00313-00064901-00065159 economic dignity is Child Care Child
3cHfinEcMYu-00314-00065160-00065399 Care and housing are who are sort of
3cHfinEcMYu-00315-00065400-00065573 intertwined with Working Families of
3cHfinEcMYu-00316-00065574-00065819 what we I'm one of them struggling with
3cHfinEcMYu-00317-00065820-00066065 I have young kids myself and it is a
3cHfinEcMYu-00318-00066066-00066238 massive problem and we have been told by
3cHfinEcMYu-00319-00066239-00066473 advocates for years now that to make us
3cHfinEcMYu-00320-00066474-00066653 a significant enough change you have to
3cHfinEcMYu-00321-00066654-00066826 think about two things related to child
3cHfinEcMYu-00322-00066827-00066935 care you have to think about
3cHfinEcMYu-00323-00066936-00067132 affordability for working families and
3cHfinEcMYu-00324-00067133-00067294 you have to think about early Educators
3cHfinEcMYu-00325-00067295-00067499 as well which are predominantly women in
3cHfinEcMYu-00326-00067500-00067738 this field and so he did not say a word
3cHfinEcMYu-00327-00067739-00067906 about early Educators he talked about
3cHfinEcMYu-00328-00067907-00068087 supporting family member Working
3cHfinEcMYu-00329-00068088-00068332 Families up to 400 percent of federal
3cHfinEcMYu-00330-00068333-00068525 poverty measure which is still not all
3cHfinEcMYu-00331-00068526-00068699 Working Families that's only to a
3cHfinEcMYu-00332-00068700-00068932 certain limit so I appreciate of course
3cHfinEcMYu-00333-00068933-00069143 supporting the the lowest income people
3cHfinEcMYu-00334-00069144-00069365 but he left out people who are just
3cHfinEcMYu-00335-00069366-00069526 above that income level who are still
3cHfinEcMYu-00336-00069527-00069719 paying well more than 10 percent of
3cHfinEcMYu-00337-00069720-00069976 their income on child care and then I
3cHfinEcMYu-00338-00069977-00070121 also did appreciate he went in a little
3cHfinEcMYu-00339-00070122-00070294 bit about after school that has no
3cHfinEcMYu-00340-00070295-00070481 subsidies whatsoever and it's a real
3cHfinEcMYu-00341-00070482-00070637 struggle for families with kids over
3cHfinEcMYu-00342-00070638-00070871 five of what you do after school and
3cHfinEcMYu-00343-00070872-00071063 during the summer to be able to work a
3cHfinEcMYu-00344-00071064-00071243 full-time job it's impossible to figure
3cHfinEcMYu-00345-00071244-00071476 that out so we have to do more there but
3cHfinEcMYu-00346-00071477-00071644 he didn't provide enough money to really
3cHfinEcMYu-00347-00071645-00071867 come up with the solution we need and I
3cHfinEcMYu-00348-00071868-00072088 want to emphasize again early educators
3cHfinEcMYu-00349-00072089-00072263 are jobs that don't get exported
3cHfinEcMYu-00350-00072264-00072449 exported from the state they are in our
3cHfinEcMYu-00351-00072450-00072706 communities we can even make more child
3cHfinEcMYu-00352-00072707-00072887 care spots which we also need in this
3cHfinEcMYu-00353-00072888-00073121 whole issue if we invest significant
3cHfinEcMYu-00354-00073122-00073241 money in paying these people
3cHfinEcMYu-00355-00073242-00073391 professional wages they are
3cHfinEcMYu-00356-00073392-00073559 professionals they are educating our
3cHfinEcMYu-00357-00073560-00073732 young children they are supporting our
3cHfinEcMYu-00358-00073733-00073900 young children shout out to my child
3cHfinEcMYu-00359-00073901-00074081 care center I am so appreciative of what
3cHfinEcMYu-00360-00074082-00074297 they do every single day I could not do
3cHfinEcMYu-00361-00074298-00074597 what I'm doing without them but this the
3cHfinEcMYu-00362-00074598-00074806 investment that the governor proposes is
3cHfinEcMYu-00363-00074807-00075011 insignificant we need something more
3cHfinEcMYu-00364-00075012-00075323 like 175 million to 250 million roughly
3cHfinEcMYu-00365-00075324-00075521 and he did something I forget the number
3cHfinEcMYu-00366-00075522-00075676 now but well below 100 million dollars
3cHfinEcMYu-00367-00075677-00075881 that will not get us there
3cHfinEcMYu-00368-00075882-00076091 thanks so much so it sounds like so
3cHfinEcMYu-00369-00076092-00076247 we've listened to the governor's speech
3cHfinEcMYu-00370-00076248-00076444 you've uh you and your colleagues are
3cHfinEcMYu-00371-00076445-00076606 coming up with your impressions and your
3cHfinEcMYu-00372-00076607-00076715 thoughts on
3cHfinEcMYu-00373-00076716-00076925 um the proposed budget so what happens
3cHfinEcMYu-00374-00076926-00077171 next how does his budget get kind of
3cHfinEcMYu-00375-00077172-00077399 carried forward and revised and
3cHfinEcMYu-00376-00077400-00077621 eventually on a track to be approved and
3cHfinEcMYu-00377-00077622-00077909 and you know put into action that's a
3cHfinEcMYu-00378-00077910-00078023 great question so there's actually two
3cHfinEcMYu-00379-00078024-00078209 things that start now
3cHfinEcMYu-00380-00078210-00078371 called the budget adjustment act the
3cHfinEcMYu-00381-00078372-00078605 beaa and that is going to go through
3cHfinEcMYu-00382-00078606-00078929 first through all the Committees to give
3cHfinEcMYu-00383-00078930-00079121 our recommendation our sign off on where
3cHfinEcMYu-00384-00079122-00079306 we need to tweak this year's budget so
3cHfinEcMYu-00385-00079307-00079438 we're how about halfway through the
3cHfinEcMYu-00386-00079439-00079606 state fiscal year right now it's turns
3cHfinEcMYu-00387-00079607-00079859 over on July 1st and so there's a whole
3cHfinEcMYu-00388-00079860-00080044 and these are significant they used I
3cHfinEcMYu-00389-00080045-00080123 don't think they were probably as
3cHfinEcMYu-00390-00080124-00080255 significant before we had all these
3cHfinEcMYu-00391-00080256-00080441 federal funds but we basically come back
3cHfinEcMYu-00392-00080442-00080632 in in January it's about halfway through
3cHfinEcMYu-00393-00080633-00080861 that fiscal year and we get to know get
3cHfinEcMYu-00394-00080862-00081023 reports on where's their Surplus where
3cHfinEcMYu-00395-00081024-00081250 was money not spent where was it spent
3cHfinEcMYu-00396-00081251-00081400 completely and where does money need to
3cHfinEcMYu-00397-00081401-00081623 be shifted around for the final five or
3cHfinEcMYu-00398-00081624-00081821 so months of the fiscal year so that's
3cHfinEcMYu-00399-00081822-00081994 the first thing we'll work on and the
3cHfinEcMYu-00400-00081995-00082150 governor sends along recommendations on
3cHfinEcMYu-00401-00082151-00082361 how we should do that through state
3cHfinEcMYu-00402-00082362-00082565 agencies around those requests so we'll
3cHfinEcMYu-00403-00082566-00082775 dive into that first and there's no
3cHfinEcMYu-00404-00082776-00082949 usually no new policy that comes out of
3cHfinEcMYu-00405-00082950-00083087 that it's just kind of moving things
3cHfinEcMYu-00406-00083088-00083249 around of what we've already approved
3cHfinEcMYu-00407-00083250-00083459 but then we'll dive into the big budget
3cHfinEcMYu-00408-00083460-00083644 and that's one of the last things it
3cHfinEcMYu-00409-00083645-00083855 starts in the house
3cHfinEcMYu-00410-00083856-00083999 starts in the house I want to say that
3cHfinEcMYu-00411-00084000-00084149 confidently yes it starts in the house
3cHfinEcMYu-00412-00084150-00084437 and then we we go through our policy
3cHfinEcMYu-00413-00084438-00084629 committees I serve on house Commerce and
3cHfinEcMYu-00414-00084630-00084809 economic development which is often
3cHfinEcMYu-00415-00084810-00085031 called a mini money committee because we
3cHfinEcMYu-00416-00085032-00085205 actually have a lot of Big Ticket items
3cHfinEcMYu-00417-00085206-00085385 like Workforce Development and economic
3cHfinEcMYu-00418-00085386-00085541 development which has a lot of money
3cHfinEcMYu-00419-00085542-00085787 that we have to allocate through policy
3cHfinEcMYu-00420-00085788-00085955 decisions that we make and then it goes
3cHfinEcMYu-00421-00085956-00086099 over to the Senate and then there's the
3cHfinEcMYu-00422-00086100-00086303 great negotiation by the end it's one of
3cHfinEcMYu-00423-00086304-00086453 the last things we usually pass at the
3cHfinEcMYu-00424-00086454-00086603 end of the session because it goes back
3cHfinEcMYu-00425-00086604-00086771 and forth and there's a lot of things
3cHfinEcMYu-00426-00086772-00086926 towards the end that get pulled out
3cHfinEcMYu-00427-00086927-00087197 pulled in so we started but there's
3cHfinEcMYu-00428-00087198-00087376 there's many weeks ahead around figuring
3cHfinEcMYu-00429-00087377-00087611 out what um what will be funded and then
3cHfinEcMYu-00430-00087612-00087731 frankly how we still going to do this
3cHfinEcMYu-00431-00087732-00088031 dance with the federal money that most
3cHfinEcMYu-00432-00088032-00088187 has been allocated but there are new
3cHfinEcMYu-00433-00088188-00088343 infrastructure funds that we also have
3cHfinEcMYu-00434-00088344-00088559 to learn related to climate and related
3cHfinEcMYu-00435-00088560-00088805 to infrastructure money that gets kind
3cHfinEcMYu-00436-00088806-00089003 of put on top of what is called base
3cHfinEcMYu-00437-00089004-00089176 funding which is the general fund money
3cHfinEcMYu-00438-00089177-00089381 that for monitors generate within our
3cHfinEcMYu-00439-00089382-00089615 tax system here okay kind of a
3cHfinEcMYu-00440-00089616-00089849 complicated process
3cHfinEcMYu-00441-00089850-00090018 the house I was feeling a little
3cHfinEcMYu-00442-00090019-00090203 insecure about that but it does start at
3cHfinEcMYu-00443-00090204-00090382 the house yeah and I want to Circle back
3cHfinEcMYu-00444-00090383-00090521 to one more thing that the governor said
3cHfinEcMYu-00445-00090522-00090862 which is that he mentioned at the end an
3cHfinEcMYu-00446-00090863-00091037 investment in supporting refugees
3cHfinEcMYu-00447-00091038-00091229 immigrants coming to Vermont and that
3cHfinEcMYu-00448-00091230-00091450 got probably the biggest Ovation of any
3cHfinEcMYu-00449-00091451-00091606 any of the comments that the governor
3cHfinEcMYu-00450-00091607-00091817 said the governor's proposal to invest
3cHfinEcMYu-00451-00091818-00091997 four million dollars in the refugee and
3cHfinEcMYu-00452-00091998-00092176 immigrant community in the state of
3cHfinEcMYu-00453-00092177-00092315 Vermont I believe was the only thing
3cHfinEcMYu-00454-00092316-00092543 that got a full Standing Ovation in the
3cHfinEcMYu-00455-00092544-00092782 chamber today I am encouraged by that
3cHfinEcMYu-00456-00092783-00092982 because we did a little bit of
3cHfinEcMYu-00457-00092983-00093232 consideration of increasing funding last
3cHfinEcMYu-00458-00093233-00093467 fiscal year for the new office for
3cHfinEcMYu-00459-00093468-00093623 refugees and immigrants it's a new
3cHfinEcMYu-00460-00093624-00093761 office set up by the state of Vermont
3cHfinEcMYu-00461-00093762-00093935 that has literally one person at this
3cHfinEcMYu-00462-00093936-00094138 point so we invested about it we were
3cHfinEcMYu-00463-00094139-00094306 going to try to move more about upwards
3cHfinEcMYu-00464-00094307-00094456 to a million dollars last year but
3cHfinEcMYu-00465-00094457-00094667 because of limited capacity they we were
3cHfinEcMYu-00466-00094668-00094793 moving a lot of federal money of course
3cHfinEcMYu-00467-00094794-00095015 at the time they actually didn't need
3cHfinEcMYu-00468-00095016-00095123 all that money they said we can't
3cHfinEcMYu-00469-00095124-00095249 actually move all that money so I'm
3cHfinEcMYu-00470-00095250-00095435 encouraged that I guess capacity has
3cHfinEcMYu-00471-00095436-00095632 grown interest has grown need has grown
3cHfinEcMYu-00472-00095633-00095843 around that however I think one of the
3cHfinEcMYu-00473-00095844-00096155 things again a policy question here is
3cHfinEcMYu-00474-00096156-00096335 not all immigrants and refugees are
3cHfinEcMYu-00475-00096336-00096515 welcome to the state in the same way it
3cHfinEcMYu-00476-00096516-00096773 was amazing to me and not in a good way
3cHfinEcMYu-00477-00096774-00097012 how how people tripped over themselves
3cHfinEcMYu-00478-00097013-00097235 to send State dollars out to Ukraine to
3cHfinEcMYu-00479-00097236-00097403 support folks who are struggling in that
3cHfinEcMYu-00480-00097404-00097618 conflict Zone over over
3cHfinEcMYu-00481-00097619-00097931 um uh in Ukraine and yet we have for
3cHfinEcMYu-00482-00097932-00098171 years not held the same level of welcome
3cHfinEcMYu-00483-00098172-00098375 and belonging and inclusion kind of
3cHfinEcMYu-00484-00098376-00098525 practices with people coming from who
3cHfinEcMYu-00485-00098526-00098638 are black and brown coming from other
3cHfinEcMYu-00486-00098639-00098812 parts of the world and so I think if
3cHfinEcMYu-00487-00098813-00098975 we're going to make this investment I
3cHfinEcMYu-00488-00098976-00099118 hope that we double down on what does
3cHfinEcMYu-00489-00099119-00099388 being an inclusive state mean how do we
3cHfinEcMYu-00490-00099389-00099671 become a welcome state that really
3cHfinEcMYu-00491-00099672-00099785 thinks about these folks as
3cHfinEcMYu-00492-00099786-00100031 contributions to our community and
3cHfinEcMYu-00493-00100032-00100223 really challenges the national rhetoric
3cHfinEcMYu-00494-00100224-00100361 where it depends on where you come from
3cHfinEcMYu-00495-00100362-00100541 if you're a valuable immigrant or
3cHfinEcMYu-00496-00100542-00100847 Refugee to our country the other part
3cHfinEcMYu-00497-00100848-00101093 about that is we have to level up on
3cHfinEcMYu-00498-00101094-00101326 language access for folks and really
3cHfinEcMYu-00499-00101327-00101500 make that seamless within state
3cHfinEcMYu-00500-00101501-00101705 government we fail we fail on a lot of
3cHfinEcMYu-00501-00101706-00101950 levels right now with inclusivity so I
3cHfinEcMYu-00502-00101951-00102076 don't know where he's going to
3cHfinEcMYu-00503-00102077-00102274 specifically say propose to spend that
3cHfinEcMYu-00504-00102275-00102521 four million dollars but language access
3cHfinEcMYu-00505-00102522-00102677 and making sure there's cultural
3cHfinEcMYu-00506-00102678-00102875 competency with employers making sure
3cHfinEcMYu-00507-00102876-00103115 our agency of Commerce shows up with
3cHfinEcMYu-00508-00103116-00103258 that level of technical support for
3cHfinEcMYu-00509-00103259-00103468 businesses as much as they show up with
3cHfinEcMYu-00510-00103469-00103715 you know how to turn a profit you have
3cHfinEcMYu-00511-00103716-00103858 to be good employers you have to be
3cHfinEcMYu-00512-00103859-00104056 inclusive in belonging employers that
3cHfinEcMYu-00513-00104057-00104303 value those pieces so if if those are
3cHfinEcMYu-00514-00104304-00104506 elements of it great I doubt 4 million
3cHfinEcMYu-00515-00104507-00104686 will get us there if with everything if
3cHfinEcMYu-00516-00104688-00104830 this is a priority we need to be
3cHfinEcMYu-00517-00104831-00104999 responsive to what the community needs
3cHfinEcMYu-00518-00105000-00105316 and then put the money forward because I
3cHfinEcMYu-00519-00105317-00105586 also worry that we're that some of this
3cHfinEcMYu-00520-00105588-00105778 might be checking a box and if we really
3cHfinEcMYu-00521-00105779-00105952 want to make a significant investment of
3cHfinEcMYu-00522-00105953-00106163 what's needed it will take more than
3cHfinEcMYu-00523-00106164-00106421 that to really help folks transition and
3cHfinEcMYu-00524-00106422-00106571 stay in Vermont and figure out how to
3cHfinEcMYu-00525-00106572-00106715 navigate these systems we talked about
3cHfinEcMYu-00526-00106716-00106877 before affordable housing affordable
3cHfinEcMYu-00527-00106878-00107110 child care Etc because after folks are
3cHfinEcMYu-00528-00107111-00107315 relocated after a year there's a lot of
3cHfinEcMYu-00529-00107316-00107465 federal money that dries up in terms of
3cHfinEcMYu-00530-00107466-00107627 supports for folks and we have to be
3cHfinEcMYu-00531-00107628-00107921 thinking about that one last thing is of
3cHfinEcMYu-00532-00107922-00108052 course there's it's all well and good to
3cHfinEcMYu-00533-00108053-00108245 put money towards an issue but Vermont
3cHfinEcMYu-00534-00108246-00108466 as it's in it in and of itself also
3cHfinEcMYu-00535-00108467-00108610 needs to look at
3cHfinEcMYu-00536-00108611-00108827 um being true communities of inclusion
3cHfinEcMYu-00537-00108828-00109054 and that means really thinking about
3cHfinEcMYu-00538-00109055-00109366 safety and belonging for black and brown
3cHfinEcMYu-00539-00109367-00109583 Folks by POC folks immigrants people who
3cHfinEcMYu-00540-00109583-00109745 support English is not their primary
3cHfinEcMYu-00541-00109746-00109973 language and I think leading by example
3cHfinEcMYu-00542-00109974-00110140 as a state so that we make sure that we
3cHfinEcMYu-00543-00110141-00110327 are you know there's a declaration of
3cHfinEcMYu-00544-00110328-00110477 collusion going around for example with
3cHfinEcMYu-00545-00110478-00110669 many towns there's only 80 that have
3cHfinEcMYu-00546-00110670-00110890 signed on at this point so really
3cHfinEcMYu-00547-00110891-00111071 leading with policy that supports
3cHfinEcMYu-00548-00111072-00111286 communities growing in that way and
3cHfinEcMYu-00549-00111288-00111466 really rethinking what does what does
3cHfinEcMYu-00550-00111467-00111647 you know what do you say communities
3cHfinEcMYu-00551-00111648-00111886 look like how do we talk about racism
3cHfinEcMYu-00552-00111888-00112181 racism exist we are a whitest uh one of
3cHfinEcMYu-00553-00112182-00112366 the whitest States on purpose this is
3cHfinEcMYu-00554-00112367-00112583 not by accident and so we have to
3cHfinEcMYu-00555-00112583-00112763 Grapple with that other reality so that
3cHfinEcMYu-00556-00112764-00112990 when folks are relocated here who are
3cHfinEcMYu-00557-00112991-00113225 black and brown they truly are landing
3cHfinEcMYu-00558-00113226-00113381 in a state that sees them and values
3cHfinEcMYu-00559-00113382-00113782 them for who they are
3cHfinEcMYu-00560-00113783-00114210 [Music]
3cHfinEcMYu-00561-00114211-00114631 thank you
3cHfinEcMYu-00562-00114632-00115056 [Music]
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00000-00000212-00000467 hello and welcome in this week's weekly
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00001-00000468-00000958 live forex market analysis before we
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00002-00000959-00001169 start with quickly go through with the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00003-00001170-00001394 Rose disclaimer trading foreign exchange
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00004-00001395-00001607 on margin carries a high level risk and
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00005-00001607-00001771 may not be suitable for all investors
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00006-00001772-00001982 before deciding to trade foreign
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00007-00001982-00002134 exchange you should carefully consider
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00008-00002135-00002387 your investment objectives level of
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00009-00002388-00002663 experience and risk appetite there's a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00010-00002664-00002855 possibility that you may sustain a lot
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00011-00002856-00003071 of some or all of your investment and
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00012-00003072-00003211 therefore you should not invest the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00013-00003213-00003511 money you cannot afford to lose you
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00014-00003513-00003638 should be aware of all the risks
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00015-00003639-00003875 associated with foreign exchange trading
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00016-00003876-00004076 and seek advice from an independent
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00017-00004077-00004474 financial advisor if you have any doubts
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00018-00004475-00004844 so with that said my name is Anand econo
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00019-00004845-00005147 lodge's i'll be your host today I'm a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00020-00005148-00005333 senior financial analyst at a deadly
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00021-00005334-00005501 force and they had 0 agency financial
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00022-00005502-00005822 foods I'm also social entrepreneur and
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00023-00005823-00006120 working with multiple traders and
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00024-00006121-00006670 trainers as well as brokers just a quick
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00025-00006672-00007130 recap of previous week we had UK's
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00026-00007131-00007517 second estimate GDP it's a it was
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00027-00007518-00007913 revised higher to 0.7 percent and up
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00028-00007914-00008271 from 0.6 from the preliminary reading as
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00029-00008272-00008627 I mean upward motion was thanks to a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00030-00008628-00009128 manufacturing industry and that was the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00031-00009129-00009471 main contributor to the higher vision as
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00032-00009472-00009739 well as we had upon the meeting minutes
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00033-00009740-00009977 but we didn't get to learn anything much
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00034-00009978-00010244 from them basically many participants
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00035-00010245-00010595 expect a rate hike fairly soon but only
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00036-00010596-00010960 few participants expected and in the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00037-00010961-00011338 condo meeting that would be in March
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00038-00011339-00011684 basically Martius March hike is on the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00039-00011685-00012005 table but higher odds are for a June
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00040-00012006-00012896 high this week we have on
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00041-00012897-00013211 fairly fairly busy fundamentally busy
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00042-00013212-00013658 we've mostly we would have GDP reading
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00043-00013659-00014002 for other developed economies as well as
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00044-00014003-00014413 manufacturing and services PMI for UK
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00045-00014415-00014984 and the United States specifically on
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00046-00014985-00015219 Tuesday will have us preliminary gdp
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00047-00015221-00015659 with an expectation of 2.1 percent which
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00048-00015660-00016016 is quite high compared with let's say
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00049-00016016-00016616 Australia GDP expectations of just 0.7
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00050-00016617-00017119 percent which was even in contraction
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00051-00017120-00017633 the previous quarter or comparing us
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00052-00017634-00017996 growth with Canada's which is expected
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00053-00017997-00018527 to be at 0.3% so in addition to GDP
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00054-00018528-00018914 ratings we have on Wednesday UK
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00055-00018915-00019211 manufacturing PMI as well as us I
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00056-00019212-00019532 seminole affection pml both readings are
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00057-00019533-00019940 well into an expansion area at
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00058-00019941-00020315 approximately 56 but we might have some
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00059-00020316-00020489 divergence and some trading
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00060-00020490-00020729 opportunities of fundamental training
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00061-00020730-00020947 opportunities there if you trace
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00062-00020948-00021236 Canadian dollar on Wednesday will have
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00063-00021237-00021475 the VOCA right statement and decision
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00064-00021476-00021803 though the consensus is to for the right
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00065-00021804-00022097 to remain unchanged at 0.5 percent but
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00066-00022098-00022497 the statement might prove some some
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00067-00022498-00022991 future direction well on Thursday we
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00068-00022992-00023513 have canada gdp lastly on friday will
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00069-00023514-00023936 finish once again with UK and US service
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00070-00023937-00024410 emi again both are well into an
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00071-00024411-00025003 expansion but for the u.s. the reading
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00072-00025004-00025346 is expected to be hired then compared to
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00073-00025347-00025718 UK and if so if confirmed I think they
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00074-00025719-00026183 float both well with an upcoming rate
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00075-00026183-00026287 hike in
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00076-00026288-00026674 June and possibly March depending we'll
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00077-00026675-00027168 have next week so in two weeks you have
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00078-00027169-00027551 NFP readings and a supportive and FB
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00079-00027552-00027908 could help saturate the right rate as
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00080-00027908-00028414 soon as March will finish the week with
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00081-00028415-00028774 an charians speech about us economic
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00082-00028775-00029329 outlook at the Executive Club of Chicago
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00083-00029330-00029714 so with fundamental Morris covered will
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00084-00029714-00030001 today we will look into technical
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00085-00030002-00030415 analysis for gold euro USD your GBP
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00086-00030416-00030652 museum and other US dollar and lastly
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00087-00030653-00031237 Australian dollar US dollar will quickly
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00088-00031238-00031699 switch to our technical chart starting
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00089-00031700-00032095 with goals from weekly pilot print this
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00090-00032096-00032714 is what we talked about them analysis so
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00091-00032714-00033139 as we expected in our last webinar that
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00092-00033140-00033367 Paris either the precious metal
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00093-00033368-00033843 continued to trade a higher supported by
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00094-00033844-00034390 bullish indicator we see a weekly mhd
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00095-00034391-00034801 forming bars closer to the neutral zero
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00096-00034802-00035336 level RFI sloping to the oxide and now
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00097-00035337-00035733 reaching censorship bullish 60 level and
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00098-00035734-00036043 lastly and decrease parametric
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00099-00036044-00036487 oscillator about 80 level again sloping
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00100-00036488-00036751 upwards indicating bullishness but
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00101-00036752-00037301 warning of a potential correction so
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00102-00037302-00037618 with that said we have no in the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00103-00037619-00037945 confirmation of a reversal yet and we
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00104-00037946-00038192 should be continuous training with a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00105-00038193-00038527 chain the same could be said on the unit
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00106-00038528-00038902 time frame once again all of our
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00107-00038903-00039254 indicators are bullish there for our
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00108-00039255-00039469 next expectations for price for the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00109-00039470-00039734 price to reach permanency fantasy
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00110-00039735-00040259 6.4 level at 1265 and this level tends
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00111-00040260-00040558 to work as a strong support resistance
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00112-00040559-00041198 area and we can see some some proof here
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00113-00041199-00041558 as well as fierce as basically a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00114-00041559-00041801 time-tested time Tessa supporting
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00115-00041802-00042050 resistance level therefore we might look
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00116-00042051-00042398 for a potential short opportunity this
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00117-00042399-00042575 should we should not take this level of
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00118-00042576-00042731 the reversal levels evened out a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00119-00042732-00043004 confirmation but instead of you could
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00120-00043005-00043544 look for a rebound from this level so
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00121-00043545-00044077 concretely we could look to sell from
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00122-00044078-00044869 1155 and take approximately 60 70 pips
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00123-00044870-00045401 as our stop loss and aims went back to a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00124-00045402-00045608 question from Elijah eighty-eight
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00125-00045609-00046307 percent retracement level as 1253 this
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00126-00046308-00046559 should be taken as our first first a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00127-00046560-00046847 profit there's the possibility that the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00128-00046848-00047090 girl could fall as well as Appalachia
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00129-00047091-00047363 one hundred percent or custom to
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00130-00047364-00047755 bellagio hundred ten percent but this
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00131-00047756-00048110 this expectation will only be valid
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00132-00048111-00048871 after a confirmation from our indicators
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00133-00048872-00049502 moving on the euro/usd touching again
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00134-00049503-00049835 from weekly print that trend for the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00135-00049836-00050462 fair remains quite bearish need all of
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00136-00050463-00050762 our indicators suggest a business for
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00137-00050763-00051226 fall further down set for euro we have
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00138-00051227-00051627 MACD Park forming the lower natural zero
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00139-00051628-00052090 level RSI stopping to the downside as
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00140-00052091-00052441 well as ma as well as fantastic
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00141-00052442-00052859 oscillator confirming the current price
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00142-00052860-00053102 loop
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00143-00053103-00053528 in addition all of our moving averages
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00144-00053529-00054215 are smoking downloads to the same could
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00145-00054216-00054667 be seen on daily timeframe again all the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00146-00054669-00055030 moving averages apart from the 50-day
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00147-00055032-00055348 moving average and sloping downwards
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00148-00055349-00055630 this with supporting rear sprite section
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00149-00055632-00056005 and they should be is indicating with
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00150-00056007-00056582 bearishness as well so the moving
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00151-00056583-00056687 averages are supporting gay marriage
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00152-00056688-00057251 Protection and parasites forming forming
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00153-00057252-00057541 lower highs and lower lows which is
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00154-00057542-00057800 which confirms the current protection as
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00155-00057801-00058220 well we have a lower low here along girl
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00156-00058221-00058577 over here and a lower high here compared
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00157-00058578-00058929 to this one and this might be seen
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00158-00058930-00059503 possibly at another lower haight
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00159-00059504-00059794 therefore such a risk/reward favors
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00160-00059795-00060322 settling with euro USD on Rolly Rolly
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00161-00060323-00060652 basically we could work for a potential
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00162-00060653-00061007 sell opportunity from a custom Fibonacci
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00163-00061008-00061559 eighty-eight percent at 1.06 one but at
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00164-00061560-00061996 this level was already tested on Friday
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00165-00061997-00062386 they might instead work for a rebound
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00166-00062387-00063292 towards towards zero a 1.0 65 which is
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00167-00063294-00063590 an alignment of strong resistance level
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00168-00063591-00064301 as well as 20-day moving average and our
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00169-00064302-00064813 target should be once again back towards
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00170-00064814-00065161 104 actually our first target should be
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00171-00065162-00066194 approximately at 1.05 57 or 0.5 8 well
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00172-00066195-00066397 after
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00173-00066398-00067377 it we might look lower towards 1.05 for
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00174-00067378-00067780 however we should be careful since the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00175-00067781-00068356 current development can be fit as a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00176-00068357-00068665 harmonic Head & Shoulders pattern we
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00177-00068666-00069070 have our head here for bein rivers Head
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00178-00069071-00069283 & Shoulders pattern we have a head here
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00179-00069284-00069799 left shoulder here and this might still
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00180-00069800-00070345 be a right shoulder in n development so
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00181-00070346-00070702 therefore we should not expect much but
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00182-00070703-00070960 rather just aim for it for a correction
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00183-00070961-00072123 of 50 to 80 tips from zero from 1.0 65
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00184-00072124-00072523 just quickly covering our last last week
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00185-00072524-00073276 analysis um the price didn't reach that
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00186-00073277-00074070 out then trigger our limit order at 1.06
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00187-00074071-00074491 it once approximants one 1066 lets me a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00188-00074492-00074890 one two three four five we were
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00189-00074891-00075040 expecting the price to reach
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00190-00075041-00075325 approximately this level of since since
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00191-00075326-00075652 Monday last week and we were targeted
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00192-00075653-00075988 targeting bonacci one hundred percent so
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00193-00075989-00076351 basically the parrot did not not trigger
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00194-00076352-00076641 the order but that did reach our
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00195-00076642-00077188 expectations so maybe you where you got
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00196-00077189-00077668 the profit from that hopefully moving on
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00197-00077669-00078175 to Euro GBP looking from VC time frame
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00198-00078176-00078571 the pair the crash pair remains the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00199-00078572-00079318 trade in the upward direction but at the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00200-00079319-00079552 moment that there is possible in
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00201-00079553-00079794 breaking breaking
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00202-00079795-00080145 lower through the lower boundary
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00203-00080146-00080407 basically from the regression channel
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00204-00080408-00080929 starting back from 2000 mission 2000 and
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00205-00080930-00081399 off 2015 and continued till now
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00206-00081400-00081745 basically you zoom in with this with
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00207-00081746-00082153 this implies that you might see a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00208-00082154-00082600 potential breakdown of the daily nariman
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00209-00082601-00082840 channel for the daily regression Channel
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00210-00082841-00083203 and therefore we might see really a free
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00211-00083204-00083661 fall off price this would be taken as a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00212-00083662-00083956 technical development rather than some
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00213-00083957-00084538 fundamental fundamental change so
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00214-00084539-00084940 basically completely the bullish or
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00215-00084941-00085390 bearish price move is confirmed by the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00216-00085391-00085762 price action we have lower lows and
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00217-00085763-00086143 lower haight are both moving averages
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00218-00086144-00086512 are sloping sloping more less downwards
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00219-00086513-00086794 also suppression suppressing the price
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00220-00086795-00087651 and our daily needs image the MACD is
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00221-00087652-00088284 indicated a nice slow start of bearish
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00222-00088285-00088768 bearish price demoted so with that we
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00223-00088769-00089062 might look for potential intraday buying
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00224-00089063-00089697 or selling opportunities based on these
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00225-00089698-00090322 on this regression channel boundaries so
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00226-00090323-00090598 basically whenever the prices in your
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00227-00090599-00090823 the middle of the channel we might
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00228-00090824-00091291 expect some some fluctuation towards the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00229-00091292-00091642 downside and when the price approaches
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00230-00091643-00092092 either the top or the bottom of the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00231-00092093-00092426 channel we could look for a potential
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00232-00092427-00092957 potential reversal back into the range
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00233-00092958-00093341 for example
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00234-00093342-00094228 here we had MACD forming lower load but
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00235-00094229-00094785 at this point we have that image in HD
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00236-00094786-00095559 in macg forming Kairos and at this point
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00237-00095560-00095901 in with maybe we could take this point
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00238-00095902-00096462 as a potential correction I should
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00239-00096463-00096853 problem remove my stochastic from this
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00240-00096854-00097428 chart just to make me be here no much
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00241-00097429-00097929 better so once again here and here again
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00242-00097930-00098572 we had damaged deforming formula a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00243-00098573-00098775 higher height here was a lower haight
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00244-00098776-00099249 some price divergent and at this point
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00245-00099250-00099606 then a CD and just any CD have switched
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00246-00099607-00100029 to a neutral neutral position and soon
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00247-00100030-00100372 we had the price fall following it so
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00248-00100373-00100632 again some fluctuation around the middle
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00249-00100633-00101073 of the channel and once again price was
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00250-00101074-00101684 hired to the upper boundary and we had a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00251-00101685-00102153 we have a three subsequent macd bars
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00252-00102154-00102642 higher bars and after that after
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00253-00102643-00102882 basically when you should be once again
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00254-00102883-00103257 break through a neutral zero level we
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00255-00103258-00103557 have a following hundred pips bearish
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00256-00103558-00104023 price development so basically you can
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00257-00104024-00104374 really use any one of intraday trading
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00258-00104375-00104703 strategy here and the same could be done
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00259-00104704-00105303 over the that's fantastic or maybe for
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00260-00105304-00105772 our chart and quite easy to follow such
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00261-00105773-00106316 a speck on an oscillatory price movement
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00262-00106317-00106620 and we also have a news channel
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00263-00106621-00106999 so this was just a quick quick update on
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00264-00107000-00107326 your GBP the developments on it moving
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00265-00107327-00108135 on to national / US dollar last week we
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00266-00108136-00108384 looked into the price developments when
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00267-00108385-00108833 we expected some further further action
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00268-00108834-00109093 so further barrier for their bearish
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00269-00109094-00109372 connection and indeed this was what
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00270-00109373-00110038 happened we were eyeing their 0.77 13
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00271-00110039-00110416 area and that's precisely little time
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00272-00110417-00110689 touched and rebounded this was the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00273-00110690-00111543 support of the dynamic support of 110
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00274-00111544-00112029 200-day moving averages it was enough to
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00275-00112030-00112324 rebound the price under step higher so
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00276-00112325-00112869 this week we might expect the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00277-00112870-00113140 fluctuation or the erratic price
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00278-00113141-00113398 movement to continue while it trades
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00279-00113399-00113701 between zero point seven one four and
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00280-00113702-00114328 zero point two to four we can this is
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00281-00114329-00114625 basically confirmed by last week daljit
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00282-00114626-00115233 price our indicators suggest that the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00283-00115234-00115794 based on ma we claim a CD the price is
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00284-00115795-00116160 in a consolidation as I'm a city
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00285-00116161-00116518 continued was any CD remains to trade
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00286-00116519-00116841 near an intervener level or stochastic
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00287-00116842-00117135 suggest that we have confirmation of
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00288-00117136-00117481 further viewers development and that
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00289-00117482-00117853 makes it then we clarify support the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00290-00117854-00118638 MACD indicating indicating a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00291-00118639-00118897 confrontation consolidation Lee price
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00292-00118898-00119406 movement between these two levels and
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00293-00119407-00120076 0.6 95 and 0.74
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00294-00120077-00120529 so moving on daily timeframe the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00295-00120530-00120839 consolidation Airy development is
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00296-00120840-00121260 confirmed by 20 and 100 moving averages
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00297-00121261-00121690 both of them where the current
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00298-00121691-00122011 development forms and ma sangwich which
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00299-00122013-00122383 as we current last week indicates an
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00300-00122383-00122624 erratic price movement development
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00301-00122625-00123361 basically when Elmer and develop within
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00302-00123363-00124063 these this channel bound by 0.7 14 and
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00303-00124064-00124463 0.7 25 we can expect the price to
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00304-00124464-00124972 continue moving in up and down pattern
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00305-00124973-00125495 above above the upper boundary because
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00306-00125496-00125897 look for potential bullish opportunities
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00307-00125898-00126190 and but instead of going for a breakout
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00308-00126191-00126528 so that they tend to be paid more than
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00309-00126529-00126886 more than not so basically because after
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00310-00126888-00127082 a breakout we could look for a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00311-00127083-00127382 correction back towards the upper
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00312-00127383-00127684 boundary and then enter a long position
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00313-00127685-00128350 and m4 42 190 twenty-three point six
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00314-00128351-00128977 percent s 0 points and 31 similarly the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00315-00128978-00129166 same could be done from a bearish
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00316-00129167-00129446 perspective we could like wait for our
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00317-00129447-00129869 break out of the lower boundary and then
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00318-00129870-00130108 look for a correction back towards it
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00319-00130109-00130514 and only then she'll towards the first
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00320-00130515-00131113 target at the more like an area 0.71 or
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00321-00131114-00132226 your point 79 area this sums up and then
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00322-00132227-00132809 half of 40 myriad colors let's be moving
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00323-00132810-00133278 to australian dollar US dollar
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00324-00133279-00133665 the last week closed at the same point
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00325-00133666-00134097 as it was three weeks ago it's reforming
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00326-00134098-00134561 a third consecutive dodging this really
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00327-00134562-00135027 shows the strength of the Fibonacci
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00328-00135028-00135873 windows ten percent at 0.7 73 we see
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00329-00135874-00136332 this is a time-tested one less pathetic
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00330-00136333-00137085 support and resistance no basically I
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00331-00137086-00137820 still a lot last week with said for look
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00332-00137821-00138105 for potential saw opportunities against
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00333-00138106-00138474 Tom bevel that tent the custom 10 level
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00334-00138475-00138891 I was expecting on that price to still
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00335-00138892-00139329 test and that 20-day moving average at
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00336-00139330-00139932 approximately seven six seven six sure I
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00337-00139933-00140409 believe it was but at the price remain
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00338-00140410-00140726 in the trade reckon founders
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00339-00140727-00141144 consolidation makes me from indicators
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00340-00141145-00141432 perspective the consolidation is
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00341-00141433-00141756 confirmed by our weekly macd which
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00342-00141757-00142074 removed to fluctuate around a neutral
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00343-00142075-00142890 zero level our aracite just their trip
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00344-00142891-00143372 flat at a boyish 60 level while our
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00345-00143373-00143859 statistics indicate so is on the verge
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00346-00143860-00144252 of confirming a potential correction
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00347-00144253-00144612 from that low and it's from Fibonacci
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00348-00144613-00145020 perspective I believe and we could see
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00349-00145021-00145428 the price falls to approximately thirty
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00350-00145429-00145608 sixty one point eight percent situation
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00351-00145609-00145992 at level at zero point 75 which also
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00352-00145993-00146637 will also be 5050
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00353-00146638-00147348 the 20-week moving average alignment so
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00354-00147349-00147843 this could be taken as a long-term one
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00355-00147844-00148124 turn bearish target with after a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00356-00148125-00148488 confirmation of from our indicators
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00357-00148489-00149163 which will get back to ash in our next
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00358-00149164-00149472 webinar at the moment we have we haven't
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00359-00149473-00149778 got the confirmation yet so we could
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00360-00149779-00150102 still expect the price to trade between
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00361-00150103-00150423 them Valachi ten percent and a bunch of
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00362-00150424-00151089 the gateman two percent from the daily
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00363-00151090-00151353 timeframe the bullishness appears to be
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00364-00151354-00151836 raining as low our daily statistics
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00365-00151837-00152396 remains to form lower lower haight
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00366-00152397-00152718 diverging with the price over the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00367-00152719-00153332 protection or our site is approximately
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00368-00153333-00153753 overall fluctuates mutual around 70
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00369-00153754-00154446 level or 65 and our MACD is rmsd still
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00370-00154447-00154962 bullish so or the outlook from daily
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00371-00154963-00155322 indicators perspective is mixed but the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00372-00155323-00155649 three Dodgers indicate a stagnation
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00373-00155650-00156063 point and therefore whether confirmation
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00374-00156064-00156342 from possibly weekly stochastic
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00375-00156343-00156666 indicator we might work for peripheral
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00376-00156667-00157083 bullish polish price move however this
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00377-00157084-00157473 this view would be wrong if near see a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00378-00157474-00157692 is correct will be square a price
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00379-00157693-00158094 rebounds from 20-day moving average and
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00380-00158095-00158970 pass our nearby high at 0.7 74 so
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00381-00158971-00159165 basically above the height we could then
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00382-00159166-00159474 look for the first target of this branch
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00383-00159475-00159945 of your percent at 0.77
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00384-00159946-00160407 eight and the next target will be a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00385-00160408-00160620 custom fibonacci n' minus ten percent
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00386-00160621-00161315 and 0.78 three while our support and
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00387-00161316-00161977 resistance levels are at fault on the
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00388-00161978-00162563 current 23.62 the national and 0.7 67
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00389-00162564-00162851 then on supranational gay twenty percent
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00390-00162852-00163823 and 0.7 60 and we could possibly take
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00391-00163824-00164452 0.75 eight as our third support level
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00392-00164453-00164769 allows their resistance resistance that
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00393-00164770-00165069 resistance levels are at not even
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00394-00165070-00165612 present 0.77 to and again it's near
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00395-00165613-00165837 Valachi your presence and Scotstoun
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00396-00165838-00166485 similar to mine and patient so this
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00397-00166486-00166976 confirms today's weekly live analysis
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00398-00166977-00167388 the webinar worship Bertha's supported
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00399-00167389-00167658 by a GF securities in association with a
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00400-00167659-00168137 to z 4 x and this concludes today's
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00401-00168138-00168387 education Alice's and it's now it's time
3dHYB4Mp5uy-00402-00168388-00168764 for question-and-answer session
3eH-pBj9sZo-00000-00000192-00000356 foreign
3eH-pBj9sZo-00002-00004448-00004767 thank you
3eH-pBj9sZo-00003-00004768-00007667 [Music]
3eH-pBj9sZo-00004-00007668-00010370 foreign
3eH-pBj9sZo-00005-00010371-00011541 [Music]
3eH-pBj9sZo-00006-00011542-00013788 [Music]
3eH-pBj9sZo-00007-00013790-00015855 [Music]
3g8gHjfWSUE-00000-00000049-00000384 the salt us-uk is a meth extrusive
3g8gHjfWSUE-00001-00000385-00000578 igneous rock formed from the rapid
3g8gHjfWSUE-00002-00000579-00000789 cooling of magnesium rich and iron rich
3g8gHjfWSUE-00003-00000790-00001004 lava exposed at or very near the surface
3g8gHjfWSUE-00004-00001005-00001287 of a terrestrial planet or a moon more
3g8gHjfWSUE-00005-00001288-00001529 than 90% of all volcanic rock on earth
3g8gHjfWSUE-00006-00001530-00001826 is basalt basalt lava has a low
3g8gHjfWSUE-00007-00001827-00002051 viscosity due to its low silica content
3g8gHjfWSUE-00008-00002052-00002300 resulting in rapid lava flows that can
3g8gHjfWSUE-00009-00002301-00002492 spread over great areas before cooling
3g8gHjfWSUE-00010-00002493-00002750 and solidification flood basalt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00011-00002751-00002951 describes the formation in a series of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00012-00002952-00003595 lava basalt flows
3g8gHjfWSUE-00013-00003596-00004108 topic definition
3g8gHjfWSUE-00014-00004109-00004372 by definition basalt is an aphanitic
3g8gHjfWSUE-00015-00004373-00004594 fine-grained igneous rock with generally
3g8gHjfWSUE-00016-00004595-00004942 45 to 53 percent silica silicon oxide
3g8gHjfWSUE-00017-00004943-00005224 and less than 10% feldspathic
3g8gHjfWSUE-00018-00005225-00005485 where at least 65% of the rock is
3g8gHjfWSUE-00019-00005486-00005788 feldspar in the form of plagioclase this
3g8gHjfWSUE-00020-00005789-00005923 is as per definition of the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00021-00005924-00006121 International Union of geological
3g8gHjfWSUE-00022-00006122-00006456 sciences I UGS classification scheme it
3g8gHjfWSUE-00023-00006458-00006718 is the most common volcanic rock type on
3g8gHjfWSUE-00024-00006719-00006943 earth being a key component of oceanic
3g8gHjfWSUE-00025-00006944-00007165 crust as well as the principal volcanic
3g8gHjfWSUE-00026-00007166-00007369 rock in many mid oceanic islands
3g8gHjfWSUE-00027-00007370-00007573 including Iceland the Faroe Islands
3g8gHjfWSUE-00028-00007573-00007870 reunion and the islands of Hawaii the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00029-00007870-00008034 salt commonly features a very
3g8gHjfWSUE-00030-00008036-00008184 fine-grained or glassy matrix
3g8gHjfWSUE-00031-00008186-00008409 interspersed with visible mineral grains
3g8gHjfWSUE-00032-00008410-00008832 the average density is 3.0 grams per CC
3g8gHjfWSUE-00033-00008833-00009096 the salt is defined by its mineral
3g8gHjfWSUE-00034-00009097-00009289 content and texture and physical
3g8gHjfWSUE-00035-00009290-00009427 descriptions without mineralogical
3g8gHjfWSUE-00036-00009428-00009660 context may be unreliable in some
3g8gHjfWSUE-00037-00009661-00009964 circumstances the salt is usually grade
3g8gHjfWSUE-00038-00009965-00010204 2 black in color but rapidly weathers to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00039-00010205-00010432 brown or rust red due to oxidation of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00040-00010433-00010618 its mafic iron-rich minerals into
3g8gHjfWSUE-00041-00010619-00010834 hematite and other iron oxides and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00042-00010835-00011046 hydroxides although usually
3g8gHjfWSUE-00043-00011047-00011385 characterized as dark basaltic rocks
3g8gHjfWSUE-00044-00011386-00011608 exhibit a wide range of shading due to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00045-00011609-00011905 regional geochemical processes due to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00046-00011906-00012094 weathering or high concentrations of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00047-00012095-00012319 plagioclase some basalts can be quite
3g8gHjfWSUE-00048-00012320-00012510 light-colored superficially resembling
3g8gHjfWSUE-00049-00012511-00012819 andesite to untrained eyes the salt has
3g8gHjfWSUE-00050-00012821-00013024 a fine-grained mineral texture due to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00051-00013025-00013225 the molten rock cooling too quickly for
3g8gHjfWSUE-00052-00013226-00013438 large mineral crystals to grow it is
3g8gHjfWSUE-00053-00013438-00013638 often porphyritic containing larger
3g8gHjfWSUE-00054-00013640-00013861 crystals FINA Chryst's formed prior to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00055-00013862-00014032 the extrusion that brought the magma to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00056-00014033-00014227 the surface embedded in a finer grain
3g8gHjfWSUE-00057-00014228-00014530 matrix these FINA Chryst's usually are
3g8gHjfWSUE-00058-00014531-00014752 of olivine or a calcium-rich plagioclase
3g8gHjfWSUE-00059-00014753-00014908 which have the highest melting
3g8gHjfWSUE-00060-00014909-00015094 temperatures of the typical minerals
3g8gHjfWSUE-00061-00015094-00015361 that can crystallize from the melt the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00062-00015362-00015574 salt with a vesicular texture is called
3g8gHjfWSUE-00063-00015575-00015769 vesicular basalt when the bulk of the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00064-00015769-00015994 rock is mostly solid when the vesicles
3g8gHjfWSUE-00065-00015994-00016177 are over half the volume of a specimen
3g8gHjfWSUE-00066-00016178-00016477 it is called scoria this texture forms
3g8gHjfWSUE-00067-00016478-00016651 when dissolved gases come out of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00068-00016652-00016843 solution and form bubbles as the magma
3g8gHjfWSUE-00069-00016844-00017035 decompresses as it reaches the surface
3g8gHjfWSUE-00070-00017036-00017230 yet are trapped as the erupted lava
3g8gHjfWSUE-00071-00017231-00017486 hardens before the gases can escape
3g8gHjfWSUE-00072-00017487-00017729 the term basalt has at times applied to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00073-00017730-00017888 shallow intrusive rocks with a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00074-00017889-00018116 composition typical of basalt but rocks
3g8gHjfWSUE-00075-00018117-00018283 of this composition with a phaneritic
3g8gHjfWSUE-00076-00018284-00018475 coarser ground mass are generally
3g8gHjfWSUE-00077-00018476-00018677 referred to as diabase also called
3g8gHjfWSUE-00078-00018678-00018836 dolerite or when more coarse-grained
3g8gHjfWSUE-00079-00018837-00019091 crystals over two millimeters across as
3g8gHjfWSUE-00080-00019092-00019355 gabbro gabbro is often marketed
3g8gHjfWSUE-00081-00019356-00019693 commercially as black granite
3g8gHjfWSUE-00082-00019694-00019933 in the Hadean Archaean and early protons
3g8gHjfWSUE-00083-00019934-00020110 or errors of Earth's history the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00084-00020111-00020287 chemistry of erupted Magma's was
3g8gHjfWSUE-00085-00020288-00020491 significantly different from today's do
3g8gHjfWSUE-00086-00020492-00020664 too immature crustal and asthenosphere
3g8gHjfWSUE-00087-00020665-00020908 differentiation these ultramafic
3g8gHjfWSUE-00088-00020909-00021208 volcanic rocks with silica silicon oxide
3g8gHjfWSUE-00089-00021209-00021469 contents below 45% are usually
3g8gHjfWSUE-00090-00021470-00022100 classified as commodity IDEs
3g8gHjfWSUE-00091-00022101-00022601 topic etymology
3g8gHjfWSUE-00092-00022602-00022955 the word basalt is ultimately derived
3g8gHjfWSUE-00093-00022956-00023189 from late latin basalt a misspelling of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00094-00023190-00023300 latin bascinets
3g8gHjfWSUE-00095-00023301-00023603 very hard stone which was imported from
3g8gHjfWSUE-00096-00023604-00023807 ancient greek Vasa Knights basa nights
3g8gHjfWSUE-00097-00023808-00024086 from Bassano space Ana's touchstone and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00098-00024087-00024368 perhaps originated in Egyptian Baumann
3g8gHjfWSUE-00099-00024369-00024668 slate the modern Petra logical term
3g8gHjfWSUE-00100-00024669-00024848 basalt describing a particular
3g8gHjfWSUE-00101-00024849-00025031 composition of lava derived rock
3g8gHjfWSUE-00102-00025032-00025229 originates from its use by Giorgio
3g8gHjfWSUE-00103-00025230-00025526 Segura Kola in 1556 in his famous work
3g8gHjfWSUE-00104-00025527-00025697 of mining and mineralogy de ray
3g8gHjfWSUE-00105-00025698-00026014 Metallica libri 12 Agricola applied
3g8gHjfWSUE-00106-00026016-00026339 basalt to the volcanic black rock of the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00107-00026339-00026393 schaberg
3g8gHjfWSUE-00108-00026394-00026639 local Castle Hill at stolen believing it
3g8gHjfWSUE-00109-00026639-00026877 to be the same as the very hard stone
3g8gHjfWSUE-00110-00026879-00027101 described by pliny the elder in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00111-00027102-00027683 Naturalis historia
3g8gHjfWSUE-00112-00027685-00028124 topic types
3g8gHjfWSUE-00113-00028125-00028433 tholeiitic basalt is relatively rich in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00114-00028435-00028692 silica and poor in sodium included in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00115-00028693-00028887 this category are most basalts of the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00116-00028888-00029139 ocean floor most large oceanic islands
3g8gHjfWSUE-00117-00029139-00029345 and continental flood basalts such as
3g8gHjfWSUE-00118-00029347-00029658 the Columbia River Plateau high and low
3g8gHjfWSUE-00119-00029658-00029952 titanium basalt basalt rocks are in some
3g8gHjfWSUE-00120-00029952-00030170 cases classified after their titanium
3g8gHjfWSUE-00121-00030172-00030372 tea content in high tea and low tea
3g8gHjfWSUE-00122-00030373-00030681 varieties high tea and low tea basalts
3g8gHjfWSUE-00123-00030682-00030831 have been distinguished in the piranha
3g8gHjfWSUE-00124-00030832-00031032 and ettan dekha traps and the mhm on
3g8gHjfWSUE-00125-00031033-00031445 traps mid-ocean ridge basalt MORB is a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00126-00031447-00031695 thule idak basalt commonly erupted only
3g8gHjfWSUE-00127-00031695-00031818 at ocean ridges and is
3g8gHjfWSUE-00128-00031819-00032031 characteristically low in incompatible
3g8gHjfWSUE-00129-00032032-00032520 elements a mor be enriched mor B n mor
3g8gHjfWSUE-00130-00032520-00033086 be normal mor B D mor be depleted mor be
3g8gHjfWSUE-00131-00033087-00033390 high alumina basalt may be silica under
3g8gHjfWSUE-00132-00033391-00033642 saturated or oversaturated C normative
3g8gHjfWSUE-00133-00033643-00033726 mineralogy
3g8gHjfWSUE-00134-00033727-00034023 it has greater than 17 percent alumina
3g8gHjfWSUE-00135-00034024-00034260 aluminium oxide and has intermediate in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00136-00034261-00034470 composition between tholeiitic basalt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00137-00034471-00034662 and alkali basalt the relatively
3g8gHjfWSUE-00138-00034663-00034860 aluminum rich composition is based on
3g8gHjfWSUE-00139-00034861-00035004 rocks without FINA Chryst's of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00140-00035005-00035367 plagioclase alkali basalt is relatively
3g8gHjfWSUE-00141-00035368-00035568 poor in silica and rich in sodium
3g8gHjfWSUE-00142-00035569-00035808 it is silica under saturated and may
3g8gHjfWSUE-00143-00035809-00036081 contain felts pads alkali feldspar and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00144-00036082-00036345 phlogopite bond denied as a high
3g8gHjfWSUE-00145-00036346-00036588 magnesium form of basalt that is erupted
3g8gHjfWSUE-00146-00036589-00036753 generally in back-arc basins
3g8gHjfWSUE-00147-00036754-00036945 distinguished by its low titanium
3g8gHjfWSUE-00148-00036946-00037292 content and trace element composition
3g8gHjfWSUE-00149-00037293-00038029 ocean island basalt lunar basalt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00150-00038030-00038560 topic petrology
3g8gHjfWSUE-00151-00038561-00038764 the mineralogy of basalt is
3g8gHjfWSUE-00152-00038765-00038940 characterized by a preponderance of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00153-00038941-00039236 calcic plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene
3g8gHjfWSUE-00154-00039237-00039477 olivine can also be a significant
3g8gHjfWSUE-00155-00039478-00039714 constituent accessory minerals present
3g8gHjfWSUE-00156-00039715-00039955 in relatively minor amounts include iron
3g8gHjfWSUE-00157-00039956-00040249 oxides and iron titanium oxides such as
3g8gHjfWSUE-00158-00040250-00040320 magnetite
3g8gHjfWSUE-00159-00040321-00040593 although spinel and ilmenite because of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00160-00040594-00040780 the presence of such oxide minerals
3g8gHjfWSUE-00161-00040781-00040989 basalt can acquire strong magnetic
3g8gHjfWSUE-00162-00040990-00041196 signatures as it cools and paleomagnetic
3g8gHjfWSUE-00163-00041197-00041404 studies have made extensive use of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00164-00041405-00041764 basalt in tholeiitic basalt pyroxene
3g8gHjfWSUE-00165-00041765-00041977 augite and orthopyroxene or pigeon
3g8gHjfWSUE-00166-00041978-00042202 height and calcium-rich plagioclase are
3g8gHjfWSUE-00167-00042203-00042480 common fina Chryst minerals olivine may
3g8gHjfWSUE-00168-00042481-00042711 also be a phoenix and when present may
3g8gHjfWSUE-00169-00042712-00042936 have rims of pigeon height the ground
3g8gHjfWSUE-00170-00042937-00043168 mask contains interstitial quartz or try
3g8gHjfWSUE-00171-00043169-00043371 to might or cristobalite olivine
3g8gHjfWSUE-00172-00043372-00043570 tholeiitic basalt has augite and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00173-00043571-00043770 orthopyroxene or pigeon it-- with
3g8gHjfWSUE-00174-00043771-00043962 abundant olivine but all of you may have
3g8gHjfWSUE-00175-00043963-00044187 rims of pyroxene and is unlikely to be
3g8gHjfWSUE-00176-00044188-00044467 present in the ground mass ocean floor
3g8gHjfWSUE-00177-00044468-00044686 basalts erupted originally at mid-ocean
3g8gHjfWSUE-00178-00044687-00044974 ridges are known as MORB mid-ocean ridge
3g8gHjfWSUE-00179-00044975-00045189 basalt and are characteristically low in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00180-00045190-00045514 incompatible elements alkali basalts
3g8gHjfWSUE-00181-00045515-00045718 typically have mineral assemblages that
3g8gHjfWSUE-00182-00045719-00045993 lack orthopyroxene but contain olivine
3g8gHjfWSUE-00183-00045994-00046239 feldspar fina Chryst's typically are
3g8gHjfWSUE-00184-00046240-00046383 labradorite to end a scene in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00185-00046384-00046639 composition augite is rich in titanium
3g8gHjfWSUE-00186-00046640-00046870 compared to augite in thule idak basalt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00187-00046871-00047185 minerals such as alkali feldspar lucite
3g8gHjfWSUE-00188-00047186-00047451 nepheline sodalite phlogopite mica and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00189-00047452-00047635 apatite may be present in the ground
3g8gHjfWSUE-00190-00047636-00047940 mass the salt has high liquidus and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00191-00047941-00048180 solidus temperatures values at the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00192-00048181-00048474 Earth's surface are near or above 1,200
3g8gHjfWSUE-00193-00048475-00048693 degrees Celsius liquidus and near or
3g8gHjfWSUE-00194-00048694-00048945 below 1,000 degrees Celsius solidus
3g8gHjfWSUE-00195-00048946-00049111 these values are higher than those of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00196-00049112-00049449 other common igneous rocks the majority
3g8gHjfWSUE-00197-00049450-00049632 of Thule idak basalts are formed at
3g8gHjfWSUE-00198-00049633-00049911 approximately 50 to 100 kilometers depth
3g8gHjfWSUE-00199-00049912-00050199 within the mantle many alkali basalts
3g8gHjfWSUE-00200-00050200-00050392 may be formed at greater depths perhaps
3g8gHjfWSUE-00201-00050393-00050767 as deep as 150 to 200 kilometers the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00202-00050768-00050998 origin of high alumina basalt continues
3g8gHjfWSUE-00203-00050999-00051195 to be controversial with disagreement
3g8gHjfWSUE-00204-00051196-00051379 over whether it is a primary melt or
3g8gHjfWSUE-00205-00051379-00051550 derived from other basalt types by
3g8gHjfWSUE-00206-00051551-00052104 fractionation
3g8gHjfWSUE-00207-00052105-00052755 topic geochemistry relative to most
3g8gHjfWSUE-00208-00052757-00053016 common igneous rocks basalt compositions
3g8gHjfWSUE-00209-00053017-00053260 are rich in MgO and sow and low in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00210-00053261-00053536 silicon oxide and the alkali oxides ie
3g8gHjfWSUE-00211-00053537-00053872 sodium oxide plus k 2o consistent with
3g8gHjfWSUE-00212-00053873-00054169 the TAS classification the salt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00213-00054170-00054490 generally has a composition of 45 to 55
3g8gHjfWSUE-00214-00054491-00054910 WT percent silicon oxide 2 to 6 WT %
3g8gHjfWSUE-00215-00054911-00055404 total alkalis 0.5 to 2.0 WT % titanium 4
3g8gHjfWSUE-00216-00055405-00055933 oxide 5 to 14 WT % FeO and 14 WT % or
3g8gHjfWSUE-00217-00055934-00056221 more aluminium oxide contents of sour
3g8gHjfWSUE-00218-00056222-00056539 commonly near 10 WT % those of MgO
3g8gHjfWSUE-00219-00056540-00056974 commonly in the range 5 to 12 WT % high
3g8gHjfWSUE-00220-00056975-00057220 alumina basalts have aluminium contents
3g8gHjfWSUE-00221-00057221-00057613 of 17 to 19 WT % aluminium oxide Bona
3g8gHjfWSUE-00222-00057614-00057874 Knights have magnesium mg o contents of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00223-00057875-00058240 up to 15% rare feldspathic rich matha
3g8gHjfWSUE-00224-00058241-00058477 crocks akin to alkali basalt may have
3g8gHjfWSUE-00225-00058478-00058801 sodium oxide plus k 2o contents of 12%
3g8gHjfWSUE-00226-00058802-00059130 or more the abundances of the lanthanide
3g8gHjfWSUE-00227-00059132-00059316 or rare earth elements re can be a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00228-00059317-00059545 useful diagnostic tool to help explain
3g8gHjfWSUE-00229-00059546-00059719 the history of mineral crystallization
3g8gHjfWSUE-00230-00059720-00060001 as the melt cooled in particular the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00231-00060002-00060208 relative abundance of europium compared
3g8gHjfWSUE-00232-00060209-00060382 to the other Ria's often markedly higher
3g8gHjfWSUE-00233-00060383-00060634 or lower and called the europium anomaly
3g8gHjfWSUE-00234-00060635-00060930 it arises because the u-tube plus can
3g8gHjfWSUE-00235-00060932-00061189 substitute for CA 2 + + plagioclase
3g8gHjfWSUE-00236-00061190-00061375 feldspar unlike any of the other
3g8gHjfWSUE-00237-00061376-00061605 lanthanides which tend to only form 3
3g8gHjfWSUE-00238-00061607-00061951 plus cations mid-ocean ridge basalts
3g8gHjfWSUE-00239-00061952-00062041 MORB
3g8gHjfWSUE-00240-00062041-00062254 and their intrusive equivalents gabbros
3g8gHjfWSUE-00241-00062254-00062440 are the characteristic igneous rocks
3g8gHjfWSUE-00242-00062441-00062590 formed at mid-ocean ridges
3g8gHjfWSUE-00243-00062591-00062805 they are thule itech basalts
3g8gHjfWSUE-00244-00062807-00063061 particularly low in total alkalis and in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00245-00063062-00063253 incompatible trace elements and they
3g8gHjfWSUE-00246-00063254-00063451 have relatively flat rare earth element
3g8gHjfWSUE-00247-00063452-00063670 re patterns normalized to mantle or
3g8gHjfWSUE-00248-00063671-00063991 chondrite values in contrast alkali
3g8gHjfWSUE-00249-00063991-00064210 basalts have normalized patterns highly
3g8gHjfWSUE-00250-00064211-00064369 enriched in the light REE and with
3g8gHjfWSUE-00251-00064370-00064542 greater abundances of the REE and of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00252-00064544-00064849 other incompatible elements because MORB
3g8gHjfWSUE-00253-00064850-00065038 basalt is considered a key to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00254-00065039-00065227 understanding plate tectonics its
3g8gHjfWSUE-00255-00065228-00065463 compositions have been much studied
3g8gHjfWSUE-00256-00065464-00065682 although MORB compositions are
3g8gHjfWSUE-00257-00065683-00065835 distinctive relative to average
3g8gHjfWSUE-00258-00065836-00066057 compositions of basalts erupted in other
3g8gHjfWSUE-00259-00066058-00066334 environments they are not uniform for
3g8gHjfWSUE-00260-00066335-00066523 instance compositions change with
3g8gHjfWSUE-00261-00066524-00066699 position along the mid-atlantic ridge
3g8gHjfWSUE-00262-00066700-00066888 and the compositions also define
3g8gHjfWSUE-00263-00066889-00067062 different ranges in different ocean
3g8gHjfWSUE-00264-00067063-00067362 basins mid-ocean ridge basalts have been
3g8gHjfWSUE-00265-00067363-00067609 subdivided into varieties such as normal
3g8gHjfWSUE-00266-00067610-00067716 n MORB
3g8gHjfWSUE-00267-00067717-00067893 and those slightly more enriched in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00268-00067894-00068290 incompatible elements a mor B isotope
3g8gHjfWSUE-00269-00068291-00068509 ratios of elements such as strontium
3g8gHjfWSUE-00270-00068510-00068775 neodymium lead hafnium and osmium and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00271-00068776-00068949 basalts have been much studied to learn
3g8gHjfWSUE-00272-00068950-00069081 about the evolution of the Earth's
3g8gHjfWSUE-00273-00069082-00069397 mantle isotopic ratios of noble gases
3g8gHjfWSUE-00274-00069398-00069687 such as three heat four he are also of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00275-00069688-00069918 great value for instance ratios for
3g8gHjfWSUE-00276-00069919-00070165 basalts range from 6 to 10 for mid-ocean
3g8gHjfWSUE-00277-00070166-00070398 ridge tholeiitic basalt normalized to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00278-00070399-00070698 atmospheric values but to 15 to 24 and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00279-00070699-00070891 more for ocean island basalts thought to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00280-00070892-00071175 be derived from mantle plumes source
3g8gHjfWSUE-00281-00071176-00071379 rocks for the partial melts probably
3g8gHjfWSUE-00282-00071380-00071568 include both peridotite and pyroxene
3g8gHjfWSUE-00283-00071569-00072371 height eg Sobolev at all 2007
3g8gHjfWSUE-00284-00072372-00072962 topic morphology and textures
3g8gHjfWSUE-00285-00072963-00073193 the shape structure and texture of a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00286-00073194-00073412 basalt as diagnostic of how and where it
3g8gHjfWSUE-00287-00073413-00073637 erupted whether into the sea in an
3g8gHjfWSUE-00288-00073638-00073859 explosive cinder eruption or is creeping
3g8gHjfWSUE-00289-00073860-00074107 pahoehoe lava flows the classic image of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00290-00074108-00074707 Hawaiian basalt eruptions
3g8gHjfWSUE-00291-00074708-00075245 topic sub-aerial eruptions
3g8gHjfWSUE-00292-00075246-00075503 basalt that erupts under open air that
3g8gHjfWSUE-00293-00075504-00075719 is sub-aerial a forms three distinct
3g8gHjfWSUE-00294-00075720-00075892 types of lava or volcanic deposits
3g8gHjfWSUE-00295-00075893-00076193 scoria asher cinder breccia and lava
3g8gHjfWSUE-00296-00076194-00076520 flows the salt in the tops of subaerial
3g8gHjfWSUE-00297-00076521-00076742 lava flows and cinder cones will often
3g8gHjfWSUE-00298-00076743-00076937 be highly vesicular in parting a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00299-00076938-00077225 lightweight frothy texture to the rock
3g8gHjfWSUE-00300-00077226-00077486 basaltic cinders are often red colored
3g8gHjfWSUE-00301-00077487-00077657 by oxidized iron from weathered
3g8gHjfWSUE-00302-00077658-00078007 iron-rich minerals such as pyroxene odd
3g8gHjfWSUE-00303-00078008-00078238 types of blocky cinder and breccia flows
3g8gHjfWSUE-00304-00078239-00078434 of thick viscous basaltic lava are
3g8gHjfWSUE-00305-00078435-00078751 common in Hawaii pahoehoe is a highly
3g8gHjfWSUE-00306-00078752-00078980 fluid hot form of basalt which tends to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00307-00078981-00079172 form thin aprons of molten lava which
3g8gHjfWSUE-00308-00079173-00079394 fill up hollows and sometimes forms lava
3g8gHjfWSUE-00309-00079395-00079688 lakes lava tubes are common features of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00310-00079689-00080044 pahoehoe eruptions basaltic tough or
3g8gHjfWSUE-00311-00080045-00080249 pyroclastic rocks are rare but not
3g8gHjfWSUE-00312-00080250-00080504 unknown usually basalt is too hot and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00313-00080505-00080707 fluid to build up sufficient pressure to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00314-00080708-00080921 form explosive lava eruptions but
3g8gHjfWSUE-00315-00080922-00081076 occasionally this will happen by
3g8gHjfWSUE-00316-00081077-00081254 trapping of the lava within the volcanic
3g8gHjfWSUE-00317-00081255-00081513 throat and build-up of volcanic gases
3g8gHjfWSUE-00318-00081514-00081809 Hawaii's Mauna Loa volcano erupted in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00319-00081810-00081994 this way in the nineteenth century as
3g8gHjfWSUE-00320-00081995-00082217 did Mount Tarawera New Zealand in its
3g8gHjfWSUE-00321-00082218-00082576 violent 1886 eruption maar volcanoes are
3g8gHjfWSUE-00322-00082577-00082807 typical of small basalt Tufts formed by
3g8gHjfWSUE-00323-00082808-00083009 explosive eruption of basalt through the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00324-00083010-00083216 crust forming an apron of mixed basalt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00325-00083217-00083411 and wall rock breccia and a fan of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00326-00083412-00083682 basalt tuff further out from the volcano
3g8gHjfWSUE-00327-00083683-00083921 amygdaloid will structure is common in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00328-00083922-00084094 relict vesicles and beautifully
3g8gHjfWSUE-00329-00084095-00084350 crystallized species of zeolites courts
3g8gHjfWSUE-00330-00084351-00084675 or calcite are frequently found
3g8gHjfWSUE-00331-00084676-00084924 topic columnar basalt during the cooling
3g8gHjfWSUE-00332-00084925-00085125 of a thick lava flow contractional
3g8gHjfWSUE-00333-00085126-00085416 joints or fractures form if a flow cools
3g8gHjfWSUE-00334-00085417-00085619 relatively rapidly significant
3g8gHjfWSUE-00335-00085620-00085907 contraction forces build-up while a flow
3g8gHjfWSUE-00336-00085908-00086043 can shrink in the vertical dimension
3g8gHjfWSUE-00337-00086044-00086237 without fracturing it can't easily
3g8gHjfWSUE-00338-00086238-00086450 accommodate shrinking in the horizontal
3g8gHjfWSUE-00339-00086451-00086625 direction unless cracks form the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00340-00086626-00086831 extensive fracture network that develops
3g8gHjfWSUE-00341-00086832-00087099 results in the formation of columns the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00342-00087100-00087293 topology of the lateral shapes of these
3g8gHjfWSUE-00343-00087294-00087480 columns can broadly be classed as a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00344-00087481-00087765 random cellular network these structures
3g8gHjfWSUE-00345-00087766-00087932 are predominantly hexagonal in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00346-00087933-00088193 cross-section but polygons with 3 to 12
3g8gHjfWSUE-00347-00088194-00088475 or more sides can be observed the size
3g8gHjfWSUE-00348-00088476-00088659 of the columns depends loosely on the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00349-00088660-00088884 rate of cooling very rapid cooling may
3g8gHjfWSUE-00350-00088885-00089466 result in very small
3g8gHjfWSUE-00351-00089467-00090294 topic submarine eruptions
3g8gHjfWSUE-00352-00090295-00090921 topic pillow basalts when basalt erupts
3g8gHjfWSUE-00353-00090922-00091161 underwater or flows into the sea contact
3g8gHjfWSUE-00354-00091162-00091359 with the water quenches the surface and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00355-00091360-00091526 the lava forms a distinctive pillow
3g8gHjfWSUE-00356-00091527-00091712 shape through which the hot lava breaks
3g8gHjfWSUE-00357-00091713-00092030 to form another pillow this pillow
3g8gHjfWSUE-00358-00092031-00092271 texture is very common in underwater
3g8gHjfWSUE-00359-00092272-00092523 basaltic flows and is diagnostic of an
3g8gHjfWSUE-00360-00092524-00092709 underwater eruption environment when
3g8gHjfWSUE-00361-00092710-00093009 found in ancient rocks pillows typically
3g8gHjfWSUE-00362-00093010-00093194 consists of a fine-grained core with a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00363-00093195-00093480 glassy crust and have radial joining the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00364-00093481-00093699 size of individual pillows varies from
3g8gHjfWSUE-00365-00093700-00094031 10 centimeters up to several meters when
3g8gHjfWSUE-00366-00094032-00094218 the Hui Hui lava enters the sea it
3g8gHjfWSUE-00367-00094219-00094481 usually forms pillow basalts however
3g8gHjfWSUE-00368-00094482-00094538 when aa
3g8gHjfWSUE-00369-00094539-00094751 enters the ocean it forms a literal cone
3g8gHjfWSUE-00370-00094752-00094962 a small cone-shaped accumulation of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00371-00094963-00095126 tough ashes debris formed when the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00372-00095127-00095235 blocky lava
3g8gHjfWSUE-00373-00095236-00095426 enters the water and explodes from built
3g8gHjfWSUE-00374-00095427-00095718 up steam the island of Surtsey in the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00375-00095719-00095955 Atlantic Ocean as a basalt volcano which
3g8gHjfWSUE-00376-00095956-00096309 breached the ocean surface in 1963 the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00377-00096310-00096512 initial phase of Surtsey x' eruption was
3g8gHjfWSUE-00378-00096513-00096735 highly explosive as the magma was quite
3g8gHjfWSUE-00379-00096736-00096924 fluid causing the rock to be blown apart
3g8gHjfWSUE-00380-00096925-00097137 by the boiling steam to form a tuff in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00381-00097138-00097406 cinder cone this has subsequently moved
3g8gHjfWSUE-00382-00097407-00097688 to a typical pahoehoe type behavior
3g8gHjfWSUE-00383-00097689-00097905 volcanic glass may be present
3g8gHjfWSUE-00384-00097906-00098136 particularly as rinds on rapidly chilled
3g8gHjfWSUE-00385-00098137-00098375 surfaces of lava flows and is commonly
3g8gHjfWSUE-00386-00098376-00098594 but not exclusively associated with
3g8gHjfWSUE-00387-00098595-00098910 underwater eruptions pillow basalt is
3g8gHjfWSUE-00388-00098911-00099099 also produced by some sub glacial
3g8gHjfWSUE-00389-00099100-00099691 volcanic eruptions
3g8gHjfWSUE-00390-00099692-00100307 topic life on basaltic rocks
3g8gHjfWSUE-00391-00100308-00100517 the common corrosion features of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00392-00100518-00100760 underwater volcanic basalt suggest that
3g8gHjfWSUE-00393-00100761-00100919 microbial activity may play a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00394-00100920-00101090 significant role in the chemical
3g8gHjfWSUE-00395-00101091-00101294 exchange between basaltic rocks and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00396-00101295-00101540 seawater the significant amounts of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00397-00101541-00101753 reduced iron PHA - and manganese
3g8gHjfWSUE-00398-00101754-00102005 Minnesota - present in basaltic rocks
3g8gHjfWSUE-00399-00102006-00102218 provide potential energy sources for
3g8gHjfWSUE-00400-00102219-00102550 bacteria some Fae - oxidizing bacteria
3g8gHjfWSUE-00401-00102551-00102827 cultured from iron sulfide surfaces are
3g8gHjfWSUE-00402-00102828-00103047 also able to grow with basaltic rock as
3g8gHjfWSUE-00403-00103048-00103319 a source of fake to PHA in Minnesota
3g8gHjfWSUE-00404-00103320-00103541 oxidizing bacteria have been cultured
3g8gHjfWSUE-00405-00103542-00103712 from weathered submarine basalts of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00406-00103713-00104030 Loihi seamount the impact of bacteria on
3g8gHjfWSUE-00407-00104031-00104213 altering the chemical composition of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00408-00104214-00104432 basaltic glass and thus the oceanic
3g8gHjfWSUE-00409-00104433-00104633 crust and seawater suggests that these
3g8gHjfWSUE-00410-00104634-00104823 interactions may lead to an application
3g8gHjfWSUE-00411-00104824-00105029 of hydrothermal vents to the origin of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00412-00105030-00105570 life
3g8gHjfWSUE-00413-00105571-00106106 topic distribution
3g8gHjfWSUE-00414-00106107-00106373 on earth most basalt Magma's have formed
3g8gHjfWSUE-00415-00106374-00106543 by decompression melting of the mantle
3g8gHjfWSUE-00416-00106544-00106861 the salt commonly erupts on Io the third
3g8gHjfWSUE-00417-00106863-00107066 largest moon of Jupiter and has also
3g8gHjfWSUE-00418-00107067-00107303 formed on the moon Mars Venus and the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00419-00107304-00107624 asteroid Vesta the crustal portions of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00420-00107625-00107840 oceanic tectonic plates are composed
3g8gHjfWSUE-00421-00107841-00108050 predominantly of basalt produced from
3g8gHjfWSUE-00422-00108051-00108316 upwelling mantle below the ocean ridges
3g8gHjfWSUE-00423-00108317-00108557 basalt is one of the most common rock
3g8gHjfWSUE-00424-00108558-00108854 types in the world basalt is the rock
3g8gHjfWSUE-00425-00108855-00109055 most typical of large igneous provinces
3g8gHjfWSUE-00426-00109056-00109346 the largest occurrences of basalt are in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00427-00109347-00109493 the ocean floor that is almost
3g8gHjfWSUE-00428-00109494-00109790 completely made up by basalt above sea
3g8gHjfWSUE-00429-00109791-00109991 level basalt is common in hotspot
3g8gHjfWSUE-00430-00109992-00110174 islands and around volcanic arcs
3g8gHjfWSUE-00431-00110175-00110461 especially those on thin crust however
3g8gHjfWSUE-00432-00110463-00110683 the largest volumes of basalt on land
3g8gHjfWSUE-00433-00110684-00110968 correspond to continental flood basalts
3g8gHjfWSUE-00434-00110969-00111200 continental flood basalts are known to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00435-00111201-00111413 exist in the Deccan Traps in India the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00436-00111414-00111602 Chilcotin group in British Columbia
3g8gHjfWSUE-00437-00111603-00111863 Canada the Piranha traps in Brazil the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00438-00111864-00112106 Siberian traps in Russia the kuru flood
3g8gHjfWSUE-00439-00112107-00112325 basalt province in South Africa the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00440-00112326-00112532 Columbia River Plateau of Washington and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00441-00112533-00112850 Oregon many archipelagos and island
3g8gHjfWSUE-00442-00112851-00113054 nations have an overwhelming majority of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00443-00113055-00113276 their exposed bedrock made up of basalt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00444-00113277-00113513 due to being above hot spots for example
3g8gHjfWSUE-00445-00113514-00113685 Iceland and Hawai I
3g8gHjfWSUE-00446-00113686-00113972 ancient Precambrian basalts are usually
3g8gHjfWSUE-00447-00113973-00114188 only found in fold and thrust belts and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00448-00114189-00114443 are often heavily metamorphosed these
3g8gHjfWSUE-00449-00114444-00114620 are known as greenstone belts because
3g8gHjfWSUE-00450-00114621-00114818 low-grade metamorphism of basalt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00451-00114819-00115082 produces chloride actinolite epidote and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00452-00115083-00115683 other green minerals
3g8gHjfWSUE-00453-00115684-00116291 topic lunar and Martian basalt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00454-00116292-00116543 the dark areas visible on Earth's moon
3g8gHjfWSUE-00455-00116544-00116747 the lunar Maria are planes of flood
3g8gHjfWSUE-00456-00116748-00117038 basaltic lava flows these rocks were
3g8gHjfWSUE-00457-00117039-00117227 sampled by the manned American Apollo
3g8gHjfWSUE-00458-00117228-00117491 program the robotic Russian Luna program
3g8gHjfWSUE-00459-00117492-00117665 and are represented among the lunar
3g8gHjfWSUE-00460-00117666-00117974 meteorites lunar basalts differ from
3g8gHjfWSUE-00461-00117975-00118166 their earth counterparts principally in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00462-00118167-00118360 their high iron contents which typically
3g8gHjfWSUE-00463-00118361-00118763 range from about 17 to 22 WT % FeO
3g8gHjfWSUE-00464-00118764-00119024 they also possess a wide range of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00465-00119025-00119249 titanium concentrations present in the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00466-00119250-00119447 mineral ilmenite ranging from less than
3g8gHjfWSUE-00467-00119448-00119873 1 WT % titanium for oxide to about 13 WT
3g8gHjfWSUE-00468-00119874-00120200 % traditionally lunar basalts have been
3g8gHjfWSUE-00469-00120201-00120398 classified according to their titanium
3g8gHjfWSUE-00470-00120399-00120596 content with classes being named high
3g8gHjfWSUE-00471-00120597-00120802 tea low tea and very low tea
3g8gHjfWSUE-00472-00120803-00121115 nevertheless global geochemical maps of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00473-00121116-00121307 titanium obtained from the Clementine
3g8gHjfWSUE-00474-00121308-00121514 mission demonstrate that the lunar Maria
3g8gHjfWSUE-00475-00121515-00121706 possess a continuum of titanium
3g8gHjfWSUE-00476-00121707-00121885 concentrations and that the highest
3g8gHjfWSUE-00477-00121886-00122054 concentrations are the least abundant
3g8gHjfWSUE-00478-00122055-00122311 lunar basalts show exotic textures in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00479-00122313-00122501 mineralogy particularly shock
3g8gHjfWSUE-00480-00122502-00122708 metamorphism lack of the oxidation
3g8gHjfWSUE-00481-00122708-00122935 typical of terrestrial basalts and a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00482-00122936-00123200 complete lack of hydration most of the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00483-00123201-00123428 moon's basalts erupted between about 3
3g8gHjfWSUE-00484-00123429-00123725 and 3.5 billion years ago but the oldest
3g8gHjfWSUE-00485-00123726-00123971 samples are 4.2 billion years old and
3g8gHjfWSUE-00486-00123972-00124135 the youngest flows based on the age
3g8gHjfWSUE-00487-00124136-00124316 dating method of crater counting are
3g8gHjfWSUE-00488-00124317-00124547 estimated to have erupted only 1.2
3g8gHjfWSUE-00489-00124548-00124850 billion years ago the salt is also a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00490-00124851-00125057 common rock on the surface of Mars as
3g8gHjfWSUE-00491-00125058-00125264 determined by data sent back from the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00492-00125265-00125429 planet's surface and by Martian
3g8gHjfWSUE-00493-00125430-00126003 meteorites
3g8gHjfWSUE-00494-00126004-00126582 topic alteration of basalt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00495-00126583-00126922 you
3g8gHjfWSUE-00496-00126923-00127441 topic metamorphism
3g8gHjfWSUE-00497-00127442-00127666 the salts are important rocks with in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00498-00127667-00127849 metamorphic belts as they can provide
3g8gHjfWSUE-00499-00127850-00128047 vital information on the conditions of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00500-00128048-00128261 metamorphism within the belt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00501-00128263-00128491 metamorphosed basalts are important
3g8gHjfWSUE-00502-00128492-00128709 hosts for a variety of hydrothermal or
3g8gHjfWSUE-00503-00128710-00128968 deposits including gold deposits copper
3g8gHjfWSUE-00504-00128969-00129220 deposits volcano genic massive sulphide
3g8gHjfWSUE-00505-00129221-00129833 ore deposits and others
3g8gHjfWSUE-00506-00129834-00130308 topic weathering
3g8gHjfWSUE-00507-00130309-00130527 compared to other rocks found on Earth's
3g8gHjfWSUE-00508-00130528-00130754 surface basalts weather relatively fast
3g8gHjfWSUE-00509-00130755-00131068 the typically iron-rich minerals oxidize
3g8gHjfWSUE-00510-00131069-00131293 rapidly in water and air staining the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00511-00131294-00131478 rock a brown to red color due to iron
3g8gHjfWSUE-00512-00131479-00131794 oxide rust chemical weathering also
3g8gHjfWSUE-00513-00131795-00132037 releases readily water-soluble cations
3g8gHjfWSUE-00514-00132038-00132225 such as calcium sodium and magnesium
3g8gHjfWSUE-00515-00132226-00132465 which give basaltic areas of strong
3g8gHjfWSUE-00516-00132466-00132711 buffer capacity against acidification
3g8gHjfWSUE-00517-00132712-00133002 calcium released by basalt binds up co2
3g8gHjfWSUE-00518-00133003-00133207 from the atmosphere forming calcium
3g8gHjfWSUE-00519-00133208-00133575 carbonate acting thus as a co2 trap to
3g8gHjfWSUE-00520-00133576-00133759 this it must be added that the eruption
3g8gHjfWSUE-00521-00133760-00133965 of basalt itself is often associated
3g8gHjfWSUE-00522-00133966-00134143 with the release of large quantities of
3g8gHjfWSUE-00523-00134144-00134403 co2 into the atmosphere from volcanic
3g8gHjfWSUE-00524-00134404-00134962 gases
3g8gHjfWSUE-00525-00134963-00135474 topic uses
3g8gHjfWSUE-00526-00135475-00135759 the salt is used in construction eg as
3g8gHjfWSUE-00527-00135760-00135945 building blocks or in the groundwork
3g8gHjfWSUE-00528-00135946-00136176 making cobblestones from columnar basalt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00529-00136177-00136439 and in making statues heating an
3g8gHjfWSUE-00530-00136440-00136668 extruding basalt yield stone wool said
3g8gHjfWSUE-00531-00136669-00136879 to be an excellent thermal insulator
3g8gHjfWSUE-00532-00136880-00137169 carbon sequestration in basalt has been
3g8gHjfWSUE-00533-00137170-00137364 studied as a means of removing carbon
3g8gHjfWSUE-00534-00137365-00137535 dioxide produced by human
3g8gHjfWSUE-00535-00137536-00137774 industrialization from the atmosphere
3g8gHjfWSUE-00536-00137775-00138060 underwater basalt deposits scattered in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00537-00138061-00138239 seas around the globe have the added
3g8gHjfWSUE-00538-00138240-00138396 benefit of the water serving as a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00539-00138397-00138645 barrier to the re-release of co2 into
3g8gHjfWSUE-00540-00138646-00139219 the atmosphere
3g8gHjfWSUE-00541-00139220-00139749 topic see also
3g8gHjfWSUE-00542-00139750-00140022 the salt fan structure rock formation
3g8gHjfWSUE-00543-00140023-00140220 composed of columnar jointed basalt
3g8gHjfWSUE-00544-00140221-00140400 columns that have slumped into a fan
3g8gHjfWSUE-00545-00140401-00140729 shape basalt fiber structural fibers
3g8gHjfWSUE-00546-00140730-00141051 spun from melted basalt flood basalt the
3g8gHjfWSUE-00547-00141052-00141273 result of a very large volume eruption
3g8gHjfWSUE-00548-00141274-00141609 of basalt lava igneous rock rock formed
3g8gHjfWSUE-00549-00141610-00141747 through the cooling and solidification
3g8gHjfWSUE-00550-00141748-00142127 of magma or lava mafic rocks silicate
3g8gHjfWSUE-00551-00142128-00142338 mineral or igneous rock that is rich in
3g8gHjfWSUE-00552-00142339-00142611 magnesium and iron spy light a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00553-00142612-00142833 fine-grained igneous rock resulting from
3g8gHjfWSUE-00554-00142834-00143151 alteration of oceanic basalt Citarum
3g8gHjfWSUE-00555-00143152-00143450 Lane a vitreous basaltic volcanic glass
3g8gHjfWSUE-00556-00143451-00143706 volcano erupted her in the crust of a
3g8gHjfWSUE-00557-00143707-00143927 planetary mass object that allows hot
3g8gHjfWSUE-00558-00143928-00144164 lava volcanic ash and gases to escape
3g8gHjfWSUE-00559-00144165-00144558 from a magma chamber below the surface
3gt8COG9-HM-00000-00000133-00000719 [Music]
3gt8COG9-HM-00001-00000720-00000868 yes
3gt8COG9-HM-00003-00009143-00009298 do
3gt8COG9-HM-00005-00013272-00013866 so
3gt8COG9-HM-00008-00020431-00020653 do
3gt8COG9-HM-00009-00020654-00021591 [Music]
3gt8COG9-HM-00010-00021592-00021800 you
3gMt4-9UqAg-00000-00000046-00000281 legend of the guardians the owls of
3gMt4-9UqAg-00001-00000282-00000478 ga'hoole as a video game developed by
3gMt4-9UqAg-00002-00000479-00000707 chrome Studios Tantalus media for the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00003-00000708-00000911 Nintendo DS and published by Warner
3gMt4-9UqAg-00004-00000911-00001132 Brothers interactive entertainment
3gMt4-9UqAg-00005-00001133-00001490 released on September 14 2010 it is
3gMt4-9UqAg-00006-00001491-00001676 based on the film of the same name and
3gMt4-9UqAg-00007-00001677-00001839 includes some elements from the books
3gMt4-9UqAg-00008-00001841-00002147 the game is available for PlayStation 3
3gMt4-9UqAg-00009-00002148-00002452 Wii and Xbox 360 as well as Nintendo DS
3gMt4-9UqAg-00010-00002453-00002743 the game takes place during the events
3gMt4-9UqAg-00011-00002744-00003272 of the movie
3gMt4-9UqAg-00012-00003272-00003750 topic plot
3gMt4-9UqAg-00013-00003751-00004086 you
3gMt4-9UqAg-00014-00004086-00004597 topic introduction
3gMt4-9UqAg-00015-00004598-00004822 the story of the game follows the tale
3gMt4-9UqAg-00016-00004823-00005068 of chard and his friends the story
3gMt4-9UqAg-00017-00005069-00005279 coincides with the plot of the movie in
3gMt4-9UqAg-00018-00005280-00005567 the Canyonlands the glassy and monks
3gMt4-9UqAg-00019-00005568-00005765 worshiped the owl God locks hidden away
3gMt4-9UqAg-00020-00005766-00006035 from the stripes of life Serdar and the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00021-00006036-00006247 Pure Ones had been defeated years ago by
3gMt4-9UqAg-00022-00006248-00006404 lyze of Kiel and the land had been
3gMt4-9UqAg-00023-00006405-00006688 returned to peace however during the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00024-00006689-00006884 watch of a young guard named Greta the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00025-00006884-00007102 monastery was attacked by hags fiends
3gMt4-9UqAg-00026-00007103-00007352 after losing most of what he knew as his
3gMt4-9UqAg-00027-00007353-00007546 family he was plagued of guilt and many
3gMt4-9UqAg-00028-00007547-00007727 others who had heard the story branded
3gMt4-9UqAg-00029-00007728-00007973 him a traitor and a coward after many
3gMt4-9UqAg-00030-00007973-00008180 years of isolation Greta took a mate
3gMt4-9UqAg-00031-00008181-00008396 named ligea and had an egg together on
3gMt4-9UqAg-00032-00008397-00008618 the night that the owlet was to hatch
3gMt4-9UqAg-00033-00008619-00008821 the nest of gretter was attacked by owls
3gMt4-9UqAg-00034-00008822-00008999 and they killed the Greta and his mate
3gMt4-9UqAg-00035-00009000-00009700 but the owlet now named shard survived
3gMt4-9UqAg-00036-00009701-00010181 topic tutorial
3gMt4-9UqAg-00037-00010182-00010474 Shard charges into battle at the site of
3gMt4-9UqAg-00038-00010475-00010666 allomere destroying catapults and
3gMt4-9UqAg-00039-00010667-00010924 defeating hags fiends but as the battle
3gMt4-9UqAg-00040-00010925-00011166 continues shard gets surrounded by hags
3gMt4-9UqAg-00041-00011167-00011341 fiends and as they collapse in for the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00042-00011342-00011383 kill
3gMt4-9UqAg-00043-00011384-00011566 shard wakes up from his dream and we are
3gMt4-9UqAg-00044-00011567-00011760 introduced to our two main characters
3gMt4-9UqAg-00045-00011761-00012081 shard and Percival allomere a character
3gMt4-9UqAg-00046-00012082-00012244 from the legends of the Guardians movie
3gMt4-9UqAg-00047-00012245-00012544 as the ryb for both of the students as
3gMt4-9UqAg-00048-00012545-00012717 shard takes offense to Parzival
3gMt4-9UqAg-00049-00012718-00012949 insulting his father it escalates into a
3gMt4-9UqAg-00050-00012950-00013153 fight between the two owls and allomere
3gMt4-9UqAg-00051-00013154-00013333 gives the flint mops or work for
3gMt4-9UqAg-00052-00013334-00013396 punishment
3gMt4-9UqAg-00053-00013397-00013869 easy ellipse the Flint map is lighting
3gMt4-9UqAg-00054-00013870-00014071 torches for the Great Tree and just as
3gMt4-9UqAg-00055-00014072-00014283 chard and Parzival finish their job the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00056-00014284-00014469 search and rescue cha comes in with a
3gMt4-9UqAg-00057-00014470-00014653 band of a lights later revealed to be
3gMt4-9UqAg-00058-00014654-00014902 Sauron GILF II Twilight and digger and
3gMt4-9UqAg-00059-00014903-00015055 they are being attacked by a murder of
3gMt4-9UqAg-00060-00015056-00015343 crows after chard and Parvez all had
3gMt4-9UqAg-00061-00015344-00015538 cleared away the crows the owlets went
3gMt4-9UqAg-00062-00015538-00015721 to parliament to tell them the story st.
3gMt4-9UqAg-00063-00015722-00015891 Aegolius and what the Pure Ones were
3gMt4-9UqAg-00064-00015893-00016135 doing Parliament came to the decision
3gMt4-9UqAg-00065-00016136-00016275 that allomere would go to the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00066-00016276-00016450 canyonlands to verify the truth of
3gMt4-9UqAg-00067-00016451-00016750 saurons claim after the decision ez-lube
3gMt4-9UqAg-00068-00016751-00016969 gave shard the task of secret missions
3gMt4-9UqAg-00069-00016970-00017158 as a guardian and set off to the desert
3gMt4-9UqAg-00070-00017159-00017724 kingdom of keuner
3gMt4-9UqAg-00071-00017725-00018244 topic the desert of keuner
3gMt4-9UqAg-00072-00018245-00018500 Shard is tasked with finding an eagle
3gMt4-9UqAg-00073-00018501-00018680 named streak and finding out the cause
3gMt4-9UqAg-00074-00018681-00018875 for the disappearance of young owlets in
3gMt4-9UqAg-00075-00018876-00019169 the area chard and Parzival find streak
3gMt4-9UqAg-00076-00019170-00019369 imprisoned by bats allied with the Pure
3gMt4-9UqAg-00077-00019370-00019658 Ones and free him streak becomes shards
3gMt4-9UqAg-00078-00019659-00019853 wingmen along with Parzival and they go
3gMt4-9UqAg-00079-00019854-00020041 on missions for the rest of the story
3gMt4-9UqAg-00080-00020042-00020305 streak reveals that the outlet snatching
3gMt4-9UqAg-00081-00020306-00020461 is true and that the bats are being
3gMt4-9UqAg-00082-00020462-00020630 rewarded for their loyalty by being
3gMt4-9UqAg-00083-00020631-00020924 given some non Taito Alex shard and his
3gMt4-9UqAg-00084-00020925-00021116 band go on a mission to find the hideout
3gMt4-9UqAg-00085-00021117-00021322 by destroying bat sanctuaries to make
3gMt4-9UqAg-00086-00021323-00021519 them reveal the location of the hideout
3gMt4-9UqAg-00087-00021520-00021797 after one of the bats told streak it was
3gMt4-9UqAg-00088-00021798-00022006 east of the sanctuary to find the secret
3gMt4-9UqAg-00089-00022007-00022222 hideout filled with bats and Pure Ones
3gMt4-9UqAg-00090-00022223-00022459 after they defeat the defences of the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00091-00022460-00022667 hideout reinforcements come to defend
3gMt4-9UqAg-00092-00022668-00022742 the hideout
3gMt4-9UqAg-00093-00022743-00022889 which guarantees the rumors of the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00094-00022890-00023158 outlets being held there the group finds
3gMt4-9UqAg-00095-00023159-00023336 some bats still taking outlets from
3gMt4-9UqAg-00096-00023337-00023533 nests and after rescuing them the group
3gMt4-9UqAg-00097-00023534-00023708 realizes that these problems aren't
3gMt4-9UqAg-00098-00023709-00023878 going to stop unless they take the fight
3gMt4-9UqAg-00099-00023879-00024169 to the bats after a small attack on the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00100-00024170-00024392 streaks nest the band goes and devises a
3gMt4-9UqAg-00101-00024393-00024586 plan to force the bats out of the hiding
3gMt4-9UqAg-00102-00024587-00024790 places within the compound by forcing
3gMt4-9UqAg-00103-00024791-00025039 them out with fire the battle becomes
3gMt4-9UqAg-00104-00025040-00025225 more intense as the hideouts are burnt
3gMt4-9UqAg-00105-00025226-00025418 out and the band defeats the defenses
3gMt4-9UqAg-00106-00025419-00025693 after what seemed like a victory the bat
3gMt4-9UqAg-00107-00025694-00025868 chieftain comes out of hiding to fight
3gMt4-9UqAg-00108-00025869-00026122 with the protagonists after vanquishing
3gMt4-9UqAg-00109-00026123-00026312 both the chieftain and what remained of
3gMt4-9UqAg-00110-00026313-00026498 the bats they free a wandering hermit
3gMt4-9UqAg-00111-00026499-00026699 named Uriah who tells them that the Pure
3gMt4-9UqAg-00112-00026700-00026858 Ones are working with the bats to gain
3gMt4-9UqAg-00113-00026858-00027058 control of a mysterious substance called
3gMt4-9UqAg-00114-00027059-00027362 flecks he asks to be part of shards band
3gMt4-9UqAg-00115-00027363-00027542 and becomes one of his wingman and the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00116-00027543-00027755 band returns to the great tree to inform
3gMt4-9UqAg-00117-00027756-00027895 them about what was happening in the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00118-00027897-00028458 desert of keuner
3gMt4-9UqAg-00119-00028459-00029052 topic the forest kingdom of tide Oh
3gMt4-9UqAg-00120-00029052-00029277 Shard is tasked with finding the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00121-00029277-00029466 activities of the pure ones have in the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00122-00029467-00029679 forest of Taito and finding locals who
3gMt4-9UqAg-00123-00029680-00029799 could know what they are doing
3gMt4-9UqAg-00124-00029800-00030081 chard and Parzival follow a squadron of
3gMt4-9UqAg-00125-00030082-00030267 pure ones who lead them to a prison with
3gMt4-9UqAg-00126-00030268-00030939 resistance fighters locked up in them
3gMt4-9UqAg-00127-00030941-00031454 topic gameplay
3gMt4-9UqAg-00128-00031455-00031691 according to GameSpot the gameplay is
3gMt4-9UqAg-00129-00031692-00031939 airborne combat the player locks onto
3gMt4-9UqAg-00130-00031941-00032141 enemy owls or structures and the player
3gMt4-9UqAg-00131-00032142-00032408 has the option to attack if the player
3gMt4-9UqAg-00132-00032408-00032614 chooses to do so the player controlled
3gMt4-9UqAg-00133-00032616-00032858 owl will go zooming toward your enemy
3gMt4-9UqAg-00134-00032859-00033149 and wallop it with your claws as stated
3gMt4-9UqAg-00135-00033150-00033401 in the review GameSpot also stated that
3gMt4-9UqAg-00136-00033402-00033551 there are some parts where the player
3gMt4-9UqAg-00137-00033552-00033716 has to navigate through gates in a
3gMt4-9UqAg-00138-00033717-00033989 specific amount of time the player can
3gMt4-9UqAg-00139-00033990-00034193 choose between four owl species to play
3gMt4-9UqAg-00140-00034194-00034391 as before the game starts each with its
3gMt4-9UqAg-00141-00034392-00034628 own set of advantages and disadvantages
3gMt4-9UqAg-00142-00034629-00034943 these include barn owl spotted owl great
3gMt4-9UqAg-00143-00034944-00035626 gray owl and great horned owl
3gMt4-9UqAg-00144-00035627-00036157 topic soundtrack
3gMt4-9UqAg-00145-00036158-00036400 the original musical soundtrack of The
3gMt4-9UqAg-00146-00036401-00036595 Legend of the Guardians video game was
3gMt4-9UqAg-00147-00036596-00036775 composed by Winifred Phillips and
3gMt4-9UqAg-00148-00036776-00036991 produced by Winnie Waldron the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00149-00036992-00037192 soundtrack was released on iTunes by
3gMt4-9UqAg-00150-00037193-00037408 water tower music a division of Warner
3gMt4-9UqAg-00151-00037409-00037666 Brothers entertainment the second track
3gMt4-9UqAg-00152-00037667-00037939 on the album with Hart's sublime is a
3gMt4-9UqAg-00153-00037940-00038185 winner of the 2010 Hollywood Music &
3gMt4-9UqAg-00154-00038186-00038401 Media Award in the category Best
3gMt4-9UqAg-00155-00038402-00039121 Original Song video game
3gMt4-9UqAg-00156-00039122-00039624 topic reception
3gMt4-9UqAg-00157-00039625-00039859 legend of the guardians the owls of
3gMt4-9UqAg-00158-00039860-00040048 ga'hoole received largely mixed in
3gMt4-9UqAg-00159-00040049-00040291 average reviews according to Metacritic
3gMt4-9UqAg-00160-00040292-00040573 the xbox 360 version has an average
3gMt4-9UqAg-00161-00040574-00040852 critic score of 60 out of 100 based on
3gMt4-9UqAg-00162-00040853-00041122 13 reviews while acknowledging its
3gMt4-9UqAg-00163-00041123-00041275 gameplay and other elements is
3gMt4-9UqAg-00164-00041276-00041464 commendable the majority of critics
3gMt4-9UqAg-00165-00041465-00041638 noted the game's short play time and
3gMt4-9UqAg-00166-00041639-00041983 replay value as a major pitfall GameSpot
3gMt4-9UqAg-00167-00041984-00042235 gave the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3
3gMt4-9UqAg-00168-00042236-00042565 versions a 6/10 rating Game Informer
3gMt4-9UqAg-00169-00042566-00042895 awarded at 725 out of 10 and said the
3gMt4-9UqAg-00170-00042896-00043126 limited in scope and complexity the game
3gMt4-9UqAg-00171-00043127-00043303 does everything it sets out to do and
3gMt4-9UqAg-00172-00043304-00043468 remains a fun family diversion
3gMt4-9UqAg-00173-00043469-00043702 throughout
3i_PayNFTdA-00000-00000008-00000158 hi there if you're new to this
3i_PayNFTdA-00001-00000159-00000383 relatively new channel and don't know my
3i_PayNFTdA-00002-00000384-00000630 other one i'm legally required to inform
3i_PayNFTdA-00003-00000631-00000782 you in case you can't tell from all the
3i_PayNFTdA-00004-00000783-00001087 beard on my neck that i am a registered
3i_PayNFTdA-00005-00001088-00001335 anime fan and not just you know because
3i_PayNFTdA-00006-00001336-00001543 i got caught streaming demon slayer in a
3i_PayNFTdA-00007-00001544-00001734 public park or whatever i'm into the
3i_PayNFTdA-00008-00001735-00002007 hardcore [__] with mentally ill walrus
3i_PayNFTdA-00009-00002007-00002383 taxi drivers and golfing cyborg mafiosos
3i_PayNFTdA-00010-00002384-00002799 i can and will find a connection between
3i_PayNFTdA-00011-00002800-00003063 literally any topic you can think of and
3i_PayNFTdA-00012-00003064-00003351 jojo's bizarre adventure for example did
3i_PayNFTdA-00013-00003352-00003535 you know that warner brothers produces
3i_PayNFTdA-00014-00003536-00003783 the jojo's bizarre adventure anime if
3i_PayNFTdA-00015-00003784-00003990 you're a jojo's fan then by the end of
3i_PayNFTdA-00016-00003992-00004215 this video that knowledge will fill you
3i_PayNFTdA-00017-00004216-00004583 with much dread i think
3i_PayNFTdA-00018-00004584-00004870 to be clear this video isn't about anime
3i_PayNFTdA-00019-00004871-00005127 it's about western cartoons which have
3i_PayNFTdA-00020-00005128-00005335 really been catching up to anime and in
3i_PayNFTdA-00021-00005336-00005551 some respects even surpassing it in
3i_PayNFTdA-00022-00005552-00005743 terms of their storytelling and
3i_PayNFTdA-00023-00005744-00005934 cinematic presentation over the last
3i_PayNFTdA-00024-00005935-00006206 couple decades and not just the shows
3i_PayNFTdA-00025-00006207-00006495 that directly emulate anime like avatar
3i_PayNFTdA-00026-00006495-00006751 either from adventure time to steven
3i_PayNFTdA-00027-00006752-00006975 universe to over the garden wall to
3i_PayNFTdA-00028-00006976-00007191 gravity falls to bojack horseman to
3i_PayNFTdA-00029-00007192-00007487 bob's burgers to rise of the tmnt the
3i_PayNFTdA-00030-00007488-00007703 bar for american animation has been
3i_PayNFTdA-00031-00007704-00007991 raised across the board in every genre
3i_PayNFTdA-00032-00007992-00008199 and cartoons are even moving into new
3i_PayNFTdA-00033-00008200-00008439 genres now in particular there's this
3i_PayNFTdA-00034-00008440-00008735 new trio of american isekai disney's the
3i_PayNFTdA-00035-00008736-00008983 owl house and amphibia plus cartoon
3i_PayNFTdA-00036-00008984-00009199 network's infinity train which i've
3i_PayNFTdA-00037-00009200-00009414 heard nothing but great things about and
3i_PayNFTdA-00038-00009415-00009639 have really been looking forward to
3i_PayNFTdA-00039-00009640-00009823 watching and maybe covering in a video
3i_PayNFTdA-00040-00009824-00010071 whenever the anime industry decides to
3i_PayNFTdA-00041-00010072-00010319 calm down with the shows a little the
3i_PayNFTdA-00042-00010320-00010559 false binary that cartoons have to be
3i_PayNFTdA-00043-00010560-00010791 either exclusively for kids or late
3i_PayNFTdA-00044-00010792-00010967 night adult comedies has been
3i_PayNFTdA-00045-00010968-00011183 obliterated and the potential for
3i_PayNFTdA-00046-00011184-00011438 animation to tell any kind of story we
3i_PayNFTdA-00047-00011439-00011710 can imagine has finally been unlocked
3i_PayNFTdA-00048-00011711-00011927 many of these shows far too many to list
3i_PayNFTdA-00049-00011928-00012127 now in the wake of the streaming boom
3i_PayNFTdA-00050-00012128-00012431 have spawned fan bases every bit as
3i_PayNFTdA-00051-00012432-00012703 rabid and lore obsessed as your average
3i_PayNFTdA-00052-00012704-00012894 anime as a result
3i_PayNFTdA-00053-00012895-00013151 not that the executives who actually own
3i_PayNFTdA-00054-00013152-00013358 these shows seem to have noticed the
3i_PayNFTdA-00055-00013359-00013543 difference pretty much every
3i_PayNFTdA-00056-00013544-00013791 unimpeachable all-time animated classic
3i_PayNFTdA-00057-00013791-00014007 i just named has been shuffled around
3i_PayNFTdA-00058-00014008-00014238 the broadcast schedule or threatened
3i_PayNFTdA-00059-00014240-00014438 with cancellation at some point because
3i_PayNFTdA-00060-00014440-00014735 it wasn't moving enough toys or whatever
3i_PayNFTdA-00061-00014736-00014943 and the few lucky enough to avoid that
3i_PayNFTdA-00062-00014944-00015166 fate were either absolute ratings
3i_PayNFTdA-00063-00015168-00015415 behemoths or short enough to be over
3i_PayNFTdA-00064-00015416-00015663 before the meddling really began
3i_PayNFTdA-00065-00015663-00015886 animators in america much like their
3i_PayNFTdA-00066-00015887-00016166 japanese counterparts deal with constant
3i_PayNFTdA-00067-00016168-00016439 disrespect and shamefully low pay from
3i_PayNFTdA-00068-00016440-00016655 the men they make millions for but they
3i_PayNFTdA-00069-00016656-00016871 do get something out of that faustian
3i_PayNFTdA-00070-00016872-00017111 bargain the chance to leave their mark
3i_PayNFTdA-00071-00017112-00017335 on our culture to put something
3i_PayNFTdA-00072-00017336-00017511 beautiful and personal out into the
3i_PayNFTdA-00073-00017512-00017735 world which for the rest of time new
3i_PayNFTdA-00074-00017736-00017967 people can discover and fall in love
3i_PayNFTdA-00075-00017968-00018239 with and maybe even be inspired by to
3i_PayNFTdA-00076-00018240-00018494 create their own cool new thing that
3i_PayNFTdA-00077-00018495-00018783 they won't get paid enough for but that
3i_PayNFTdA-00078-00018784-00019071 too will at least get to exist it will
3i_PayNFTdA-00079-00019072-00019350 at least get to connect with people and
3i_PayNFTdA-00080-00019351-00019630 keep connecting with people forever and
3i_PayNFTdA-00081-00019631-00019886 whatever else the suits choose to do
3i_PayNFTdA-00082-00019887-00020094 they can't take that away from these
3i_PayNFTdA-00083-00020095-00020207 artists
3i_PayNFTdA-00084-00020208-00020575 oh wait yes they can fresh off the heels
3i_PayNFTdA-00085-00020576-00020807 of their brilliant decision to can a
3i_PayNFTdA-00086-00020808-00021014 mostly finished 90 million dollar
3i_PayNFTdA-00087-00021015-00021278 batwoman movie is a tax write-off at the
3i_PayNFTdA-00088-00021279-00021567 same time as they're actively refusing
3i_PayNFTdA-00089-00021568-00021855 to cancel a the flash movie that stars a
3i_PayNFTdA-00090-00021856-00022111 wanted sex criminal and alleged cult
3i_PayNFTdA-00091-00022112-00022367 leader the executives at warner brothers
3i_PayNFTdA-00092-00022368-00022583 discovery have made the executive
3i_PayNFTdA-00093-00022584-00022839 decision to pull a whole fuckload of
3i_PayNFTdA-00094-00022840-00023047 mostly animated shows off their
3i_PayNFTdA-00095-00023048-00023342 streaming service hbo max and not in the
3i_PayNFTdA-00096-00023343-00023591 way you're probably used to with netflix
3i_PayNFTdA-00097-00023592-00023839 where sometimes they lose the license to
3i_PayNFTdA-00098-00023840-00023975 a show that you were watching and you
3i_PayNFTdA-00099-00023976-00024247 have to go watch it elsewhere no these
3i_PayNFTdA-00100-00024248-00024575 are all shows that warner bros owns the
3i_PayNFTdA-00101-00024576-00024983 entire ip to including infinity train
3i_PayNFTdA-00102-00024984-00025375 okko aquaman king of atlantis hundreds
3i_PayNFTdA-00103-00025376-00025631 of classic sesame street episodes some
3i_PayNFTdA-00104-00025632-00025814 of the most historically important
3i_PayNFTdA-00105-00025816-00026087 american media of the last century and
3i_PayNFTdA-00106-00026088-00026390 even elmo's new not too late night talk
3i_PayNFTdA-00107-00026391-00026614 show a few of these are also
3i_PayNFTdA-00108-00026616-00026855 cancellations whose recently finished
3i_PayNFTdA-00109-00026856-00027118 unaired seasons or movies will serve as
3i_PayNFTdA-00110-00027119-00027351 tax write-offs for the brand just like
3i_PayNFTdA-00111-00027352-00027662 batgirl and the no longer upcoming scoob
3i_PayNFTdA-00112-00027663-00027943 holiday special which is [__] heinous
3i_PayNFTdA-00113-00027944-00028239 enough as it is like imagine pouring an
3i_PayNFTdA-00114-00028239-00028535 entire year or more of your life into
3i_PayNFTdA-00115-00028536-00028807 creating a work of art only for some
3i_PayNFTdA-00116-00028808-00029055 [__] accountant to tell your boss he
3i_PayNFTdA-00117-00029056-00029262 can put a bigger hot tub on his new
3i_PayNFTdA-00118-00029263-00029574 yacht if it never sees the light of day
3i_PayNFTdA-00119-00029575-00029814 also any resource distribution system
3i_PayNFTdA-00120-00029816-00030055 that actively incentivizes not
3i_PayNFTdA-00121-00030056-00030279 distributing a product that's already
3i_PayNFTdA-00122-00030280-00030527 consumed the resources needed to make it
3i_PayNFTdA-00123-00030527-00030623 is
3i_PayNFTdA-00124-00030624-00030911 perhaps due for a serious reassessment
3i_PayNFTdA-00125-00030912-00031095 but i don't want to fixate on that
3i_PayNFTdA-00126-00031095-00031343 because what happened to the shows that
3i_PayNFTdA-00127-00031344-00031614 weren't cancelled for tax purposes is
3i_PayNFTdA-00128-00031616-00032062 frankly even sadder and more infuriating
3i_PayNFTdA-00129-00032063-00032239 so far as i can tell and just to be
3i_PayNFTdA-00130-00032239-00032470 clear i'm not an expert there doesn't
3i_PayNFTdA-00131-00032472-00032807 seem to be any tax benefit to removing a
3i_PayNFTdA-00132-00032808-00032974 piece of media that's already been
3i_PayNFTdA-00133-00032975-00033207 released and had a chance to recoup some
3i_PayNFTdA-00134-00033208-00033543 of its costs so then we must ask
3i_PayNFTdA-00135-00033544-00033790 why because they want to stop paying
3i_PayNFTdA-00136-00033791-00034095 residuals to the artists residuals if
3i_PayNFTdA-00137-00034096-00034327 you're not aware are payments that
3i_PayNFTdA-00138-00034328-00034583 actors writers and other unionized
3i_PayNFTdA-00139-00034584-00034846 contributors to mass industrial art
3i_PayNFTdA-00140-00034847-00035095 receive whenever their work is re-aired
3i_PayNFTdA-00141-00035096-00035239 or redistributed
3i_PayNFTdA-00142-00035240-00035487 these payments made standard years ago
3i_PayNFTdA-00143-00035488-00035662 thanks to the hollywood actors and
3i_PayNFTdA-00144-00035663-00035943 writers guilds guarantee that at least a
3i_PayNFTdA-00145-00035944-00036159 fraction of the profits generated by
3i_PayNFTdA-00146-00036160-00036439 their work after the fact will always
3i_PayNFTdA-00147-00036440-00036718 get back to them and that's true even
3i_PayNFTdA-00148-00036719-00036999 when there are no profits sometimes so
3i_PayNFTdA-00149-00037000-00037271 it is totally possible for a studio to
3i_PayNFTdA-00150-00037272-00037574 lose money on residuals generally
3i_PayNFTdA-00151-00037575-00037855 speaking though that will only happen if
3i_PayNFTdA-00152-00037856-00038102 the work in question already lost a
3i_PayNFTdA-00153-00038103-00038367 bunch of other money elsewhere more than
3i_PayNFTdA-00154-00038368-00038599 can be recouped by licensing it out to
3i_PayNFTdA-00155-00038600-00038895 broadcasters and what have you because
3i_PayNFTdA-00156-00038896-00039239 obviously the cost of those residuals is
3i_PayNFTdA-00157-00039240-00039446 taken into account when setting the
3i_PayNFTdA-00158-00039447-00039767 price for those licenses now streaming
3i_PayNFTdA-00159-00039768-00039967 kind of complicates this because instead
3i_PayNFTdA-00160-00039968-00040223 of airing one time on a fixed date or
3i_PayNFTdA-00161-00040224-00040567 being sold one time as a blu-ray or dvd
3i_PayNFTdA-00162-00040568-00040799 works live on streaming platforms
3i_PayNFTdA-00163-00040800-00041127 forever in theory so instead of a
3i_PayNFTdA-00164-00041128-00041399 one-time fixed fee writers and actors
3i_PayNFTdA-00165-00041400-00041655 get paid a percentage of a fixed rate
3i_PayNFTdA-00166-00041656-00041830 based on the subscriber count of the
3i_PayNFTdA-00167-00041831-00042039 platform their work is appearing on
3i_PayNFTdA-00168-00042040-00042271 going by the logic that the content
3i_PayNFTdA-00169-00042272-00042487 they've created is what keeps those
3i_PayNFTdA-00170-00042488-00042774 subscribers on the platform which is
3i_PayNFTdA-00171-00042775-00043046 objectively true that's how streaming
3i_PayNFTdA-00172-00043047-00043295 works some shows end up costing a
3i_PayNFTdA-00173-00043296-00043527 platform more in licensing fees
3i_PayNFTdA-00174-00043528-00043799 production costs and residuals than they
3i_PayNFTdA-00175-00043800-00044039 make by directly attracting new
3i_PayNFTdA-00176-00044040-00044311 subscribers with that show but by
3i_PayNFTdA-00177-00044312-00044574 presenting the subscribers drawn in by
3i_PayNFTdA-00178-00044575-00044807 squid game or whatever with exclusive
3i_PayNFTdA-00179-00044808-00045046 content that caters to a wide range of
3i_PayNFTdA-00180-00045047-00045327 tastes platforms can encourage users
3i_PayNFTdA-00181-00045328-00045607 with those tastes to stick around after
3i_PayNFTdA-00182-00045608-00045830 the big popular thing has fallen out of
3i_PayNFTdA-00183-00045831-00046062 the public consciousness eventually
3i_PayNFTdA-00184-00046063-00046351 paying that money back and then some
3i_PayNFTdA-00185-00046352-00046639 this economic reality is baked into the
3i_PayNFTdA-00186-00046640-00046902 very structure of streaming residuals
3i_PayNFTdA-00187-00046903-00047183 which decrease in cost year over year
3i_PayNFTdA-00188-00047184-00047430 the percentage falling off exponentially
3i_PayNFTdA-00189-00047431-00047607 after the first three that a title is on
3i_PayNFTdA-00190-00047608-00047862 a platform and eventually bottoming out
3i_PayNFTdA-00191-00047863-00048167 after 11 or 12 years at a fraction of
3i_PayNFTdA-00192-00048168-00048318 what it used to be
3i_PayNFTdA-00193-00048319-00048590 in other words the longer a platform
3i_PayNFTdA-00194-00048591-00048862 keeps a title on its servers the more of
3i_PayNFTdA-00195-00048863-00049127 the profits that that title generates by
3i_PayNFTdA-00196-00049128-00049430 simply existing on the platform go to
3i_PayNFTdA-00197-00049431-00049679 the platform so say for the sake of
3i_PayNFTdA-00198-00049680-00049935 argument that the vocal talents of jk
3i_PayNFTdA-00199-00049936-00050167 simmons and beloved character actress
3i_PayNFTdA-00200-00050168-00050511 margot martindale really are costing hbo
3i_PayNFTdA-00201-00050512-00050727 max way more than they're making on
3i_PayNFTdA-00202-00050728-00050999 infinity train directly right now
3i_PayNFTdA-00203-00051000-00051214 writer residuals are based on episode
3i_PayNFTdA-00204-00051215-00051414 length and each episode of infinity
3i_PayNFTdA-00205-00051415-00051654 train is 11 minutes long so it's
3i_PayNFTdA-00206-00051655-00051926 definitely not that also animation
3i_PayNFTdA-00207-00051927-00052142 writing residuals get paid directly into
3i_PayNFTdA-00208-00052144-00052358 animators union healthcare plans instead
3i_PayNFTdA-00209-00052359-00052575 of going to the animators so
3i_PayNFTdA-00210-00052576-00052759 perhaps it's just that warner brothers
3i_PayNFTdA-00211-00052760-00053071 discovery hates animators so much they
3i_PayNFTdA-00212-00053072-00053311 want them all to get sick and die but
3i_PayNFTdA-00213-00053312-00053535 the actors costing too much seems a
3i_PayNFTdA-00214-00053536-00053742 little more likely to me whatever the
3i_PayNFTdA-00215-00053744-00054047 case since warner bros discovery owns
3i_PayNFTdA-00216-00054048-00054359 the ip and doesn't have to pay any
3i_PayNFTdA-00217-00054360-00054671 licensing fees to keep it it's still
3i_PayNFTdA-00218-00054672-00054959 smarter in the long term to leave it up
3i_PayNFTdA-00219-00054960-00055230 for people to watch and discover or even
3i_PayNFTdA-00220-00055232-00055454 just leave in their watch lists forever
3i_PayNFTdA-00221-00055455-00055679 as one of the things they plan to get to
3i_PayNFTdA-00222-00055679-00055942 before unsubscribing because that keeps
3i_PayNFTdA-00223-00055944-00056191 them subscribed and that's without even
3i_PayNFTdA-00224-00056191-00056423 taking into account the potential for
3i_PayNFTdA-00225-00056424-00056671 the ip to grow over time find a new
3i_PayNFTdA-00226-00056672-00056935 audience maybe sell a bunch of merch
3i_PayNFTdA-00227-00056936-00057207 [__] if one of these titles finds a new
3i_PayNFTdA-00228-00057208-00057479 audience because of this news and warner
3i_PayNFTdA-00229-00057479-00057694 brothers decides that it makes economic
3i_PayNFTdA-00230-00057695-00057935 sense to re-list or license it to
3i_PayNFTdA-00231-00057936-00058175 another platform later they'll have to
3i_PayNFTdA-00232-00058176-00058447 start paying that premium first year
3i_PayNFTdA-00233-00058448-00058742 residual rate all over again
3i_PayNFTdA-00234-00058744-00058959 there are so many downsides to
3i_PayNFTdA-00235-00058960-00059191 de-listing an exclusive title from a
3i_PayNFTdA-00236-00059191-00059599 streaming platform and so few upsides
3i_PayNFTdA-00237-00059600-00059919 yet they've done it to nearly 30 of them
3i_PayNFTdA-00238-00059920-00060326 this month plus several hbo max original
3i_PayNFTdA-00239-00060327-00060735 movies so we must once again ask
3i_PayNFTdA-00240-00060736-00061038 why why the hell would a company do
3i_PayNFTdA-00241-00061039-00061326 something this hostile not just to its
3i_PayNFTdA-00242-00061327-00061638 own employees but its own customers
3i_PayNFTdA-00243-00061639-00061750 something that
3i_PayNFTdA-00244-00061751-00061991 in the long term sure seems like it's
3i_PayNFTdA-00245-00061991-00062342 going to be a big net loss for them
3i_PayNFTdA-00246-00062344-00062663 because big publicly traded companies
3i_PayNFTdA-00247-00062664-00062887 don't give a [__] about the long term
3i_PayNFTdA-00248-00062888-00063159 anymore all that matters to them is the
3i_PayNFTdA-00249-00063160-00063415 current fiscal year and they give even
3i_PayNFTdA-00250-00063416-00063638 less of a [__] what their employees or
3i_PayNFTdA-00251-00063639-00063935 customers want from them the only people
3i_PayNFTdA-00252-00063936-00064271 warner bros discovery ceo david zaslov
3i_PayNFTdA-00253-00064272-00064511 is trying to keep happy with this are
3i_PayNFTdA-00254-00064512-00064750 the shareholders of his newly merged
3i_PayNFTdA-00255-00064751-00065015 company and those shareholders can
3i_PayNFTdA-00256-00065016-00065247 collectively make a whole [__] load of
3i_PayNFTdA-00257-00065248-00065550 money from their shares if following
3i_PayNFTdA-00258-00065551-00065799 that big merger zazlov is able to
3i_PayNFTdA-00259-00065800-00066055 demonstrate a significant increase in
3i_PayNFTdA-00260-00066056-00066359 company profits year over year which he
3i_PayNFTdA-00261-00066360-00066655 could do by selling more good movies and
3i_PayNFTdA-00262-00066656-00066879 shows to the public and increasing
3i_PayNFTdA-00263-00066880-00067199 profits that way but that takes talent
3i_PayNFTdA-00264-00067200-00067494 and intelligence so instead he's laying
3i_PayNFTdA-00265-00067495-00067703 off almost a fifth of his workforce
3i_PayNFTdA-00266-00067704-00067926 writing off any projects that could
3i_PayNFTdA-00267-00067927-00068175 maybe lose money and likely won't turn a
3i_PayNFTdA-00268-00068176-00068463 massive immediate profit and cutting off
3i_PayNFTdA-00269-00068464-00068719 residuals for a bunch of different shows
3i_PayNFTdA-00270-00068720-00068935 for the rest of the fiscal year this
3i_PayNFTdA-00271-00068936-00069247 isn't some canny business strategy to
3i_PayNFTdA-00272-00069248-00069487 ensure the long-term viability of the
3i_PayNFTdA-00273-00069488-00069815 platform and brand this is simply an act
3i_PayNFTdA-00274-00069816-00070199 of mass sacrifice to the one true god of
3i_PayNFTdA-00275-00070200-00070375 our modern age
3i_PayNFTdA-00276-00070376-00070511 the line
3i_PayNFTdA-00277-00070512-00070831 blood spilled upon its mighty altar in
3i_PayNFTdA-00278-00070832-00071238 hopes that it will bless us by going up
3i_PayNFTdA-00279-00071239-00071623 and it is a brutal sacrifice indeed not
3i_PayNFTdA-00280-00071624-00071831 only are these titles being pulled from
3i_PayNFTdA-00281-00071832-00072079 the only platform that will likely ever
3i_PayNFTdA-00282-00072080-00072279 have the rights to stream them leaving
3i_PayNFTdA-00283-00072280-00072582 their creators despondent that their own
3i_PayNFTdA-00284-00072583-00072879 children who they created the shows for
3i_PayNFTdA-00285-00072880-00073119 won't be able to watch them many of
3i_PayNFTdA-00286-00073120-00073382 their soundtracks have been pulled from
3i_PayNFTdA-00287-00073383-00073679 every music streaming platform and all
3i_PayNFTdA-00288-00073680-00073903 content related to them has been
3i_PayNFTdA-00289-00073904-00074135 scrubbed from every relevant social
3i_PayNFTdA-00290-00074136-00074455 media platform that wb owns not just
3i_PayNFTdA-00291-00074456-00074694 from cartoon network's twitter but their
3i_PayNFTdA-00292-00074695-00074959 youtube channel which in infinity
3i_PayNFTdA-00293-00074960-00075215 train's case means that the pilot
3i_PayNFTdA-00294-00075216-00075559 episode which has millions of views and
3i_PayNFTdA-00295-00075560-00075775 thousands of comments dating back to the
3i_PayNFTdA-00296-00075776-00076150 very start of its fandom is just
3i_PayNFTdA-00297-00076151-00076255 gone
3i_PayNFTdA-00298-00076256-00076415 not to mention a bunch of other
3i_PayNFTdA-00299-00076416-00076687 promotional videos with unique edits and
3i_PayNFTdA-00300-00076688-00076943 audio cues that nobody would have even
3i_PayNFTdA-00301-00076944-00077143 bothered to save because i mean they're
3i_PayNFTdA-00302-00077144-00077382 just youtube ads and why would they ever
3i_PayNFTdA-00303-00077383-00077494 go away
3i_PayNFTdA-00304-00077495-00077879 that shit's really gone maybe forever
3i_PayNFTdA-00305-00077880-00078191 and just to add insult to injury warner
3i_PayNFTdA-00306-00078192-00078519 brothers has also immediately ceased
3i_PayNFTdA-00307-00078520-00078647 manufacturing
3i_PayNFTdA-00308-00078648-00079055 infinity train dvds which the residuals
3i_PayNFTdA-00309-00079056-00079303 from those come out of the msrp so
3i_PayNFTdA-00310-00079304-00079526 there's no way to lose money as long as
3i_PayNFTdA-00311-00079527-00079847 they're selling they went absolutely
3i_PayNFTdA-00312-00079848-00080159 scorched earth with this move so there's
3i_PayNFTdA-00313-00080160-00080350 literally just
3i_PayNFTdA-00314-00080351-00080638 no way to watch the show anymore besides
3i_PayNFTdA-00315-00080639-00080935 piracy and that's not me talking the
3i_PayNFTdA-00316-00080936-00081287 creator of infinity train says as much
3i_PayNFTdA-00317-00081288-00081511 in his twitter bio now
3i_PayNFTdA-00318-00081512-00081750 technically you can still buy the series
3i_PayNFTdA-00319-00081751-00081975 through google play prime video and
3i_PayNFTdA-00320-00081976-00082231 itunes where thanks to this news it's
3i_PayNFTdA-00321-00082232-00082431 currently the top selling show on the
3i_PayNFTdA-00322-00082432-00082662 whole platform but there's no telling
3i_PayNFTdA-00323-00082663-00082975 when or if it will be delisted there too
3i_PayNFTdA-00324-00082976-00083231 or how long it will remain downloadable
3i_PayNFTdA-00325-00083232-00083399 for people who've bought it if it is
3i_PayNFTdA-00326-00083400-00083526 delisted
3i_PayNFTdA-00327-00083527-00083759 in many ways the streaming industry has
3i_PayNFTdA-00328-00083760-00084094 been great for anime animation and art
3i_PayNFTdA-00329-00084095-00084399 in general more media is more widely
3i_PayNFTdA-00330-00084400-00084655 accessible today than at any point in
3i_PayNFTdA-00331-00084656-00084950 human history but there's no guarantee
3i_PayNFTdA-00332-00084951-00085231 it will stay that way streaming services
3i_PayNFTdA-00333-00085232-00085438 already put their libraries at risk
3i_PayNFTdA-00334-00085439-00085687 simply by storing them in a centralized
3i_PayNFTdA-00335-00085688-00085935 system where one catastrophic failure
3i_PayNFTdA-00336-00085936-00086191 can wipe out unfathomable amounts of
3i_PayNFTdA-00337-00086192-00086494 data but on top of that the dictates of
3i_PayNFTdA-00338-00086495-00086775 for-profit business do very little to
3i_PayNFTdA-00339-00086776-00087038 incentivize proper media preservation
3i_PayNFTdA-00340-00087039-00087411 and in some cases like this one actively
3i_PayNFTdA-00341-00087412-00087759 disincentivize it we face a very real
3i_PayNFTdA-00342-00087760-00088055 risk of a lot of great new art just
3i_PayNFTdA-00343-00088056-00088359 being lost to time forever sooner than a
3i_PayNFTdA-00344-00088360-00088575 lot of us realize and
3i_PayNFTdA-00345-00088576-00088791 i've come to realize that one of the
3i_PayNFTdA-00346-00088792-00089062 only forces really standing against that
3i_PayNFTdA-00347-00089063-00089335 terrible future is peer-to-peer file
3i_PayNFTdA-00348-00089336-00089575 sharing a system where as long as one
3i_PayNFTdA-00349-00089576-00089855 person on a network has a file everyone
3i_PayNFTdA-00350-00089856-00090126 has access to it now it's not a perfect
3i_PayNFTdA-00351-00090127-00090367 system either mind you but at least it's
3i_PayNFTdA-00352-00090368-00090638 decentralized with lots of redundancies
3i_PayNFTdA-00353-00090639-00090911 and a very simple incentive to keep
3i_PayNFTdA-00354-00090912-00091175 these things accessible anyone who loves
3i_PayNFTdA-00355-00091176-00091511 a work of art will download and seed it
3i_PayNFTdA-00356-00091512-00091679 simple as that
3i_PayNFTdA-00357-00091680-00091975 that realization more than anything is i
3i_PayNFTdA-00358-00091976-00092231 think what's driven me away from my old
3i_PayNFTdA-00359-00092232-00092550 hard-line anti-piracy stance i once made
3i_PayNFTdA-00360-00092551-00092831 an argument many years ago that fans of
3i_PayNFTdA-00361-00092832-00093071 anime and media in general have a
3i_PayNFTdA-00362-00093072-00093303 certain moral imperative to support
3i_PayNFTdA-00363-00093304-00093559 anime and media in general streaming
3i_PayNFTdA-00364-00093560-00093855 platforms wherever they can to give some
3i_PayNFTdA-00365-00093856-00094071 money back to the creators of the art we
3i_PayNFTdA-00366-00094072-00094350 love and more importantly to financially
3i_PayNFTdA-00367-00094351-00094559 incentivize the creation and
3i_PayNFTdA-00368-00094560-00094847 distribution of more lovable art
3i_PayNFTdA-00369-00094848-00095126 there was a lot wrong with that argument
3i_PayNFTdA-00370-00095127-00095343 and a lot more wrong with the whole
3i_PayNFTdA-00371-00095344-00095535 video that surrounded it please check
3i_PayNFTdA-00372-00095536-00095799 out our podcast episode times jeff was
3i_PayNFTdA-00373-00095800-00096023 wrong if you want to hear me go over
3i_PayNFTdA-00374-00096024-00096238 some more of those issues in more detail
3i_PayNFTdA-00375-00096239-00096535 and apologize for being so wrong but i
3i_PayNFTdA-00376-00096536-00096855 still stand by that core sentiment
3i_PayNFTdA-00377-00096856-00097094 right now streaming platforms are the
3i_PayNFTdA-00378-00097095-00097279 primary driving force behind the
3i_PayNFTdA-00379-00097280-00097526 creation and distribution of
3i_PayNFTdA-00380-00097527-00097743 not just anime but all movies and
3i_PayNFTdA-00381-00097744-00097991 television and everyone who pays into
3i_PayNFTdA-00382-00097992-00098279 them is to some extent supporting the
3i_PayNFTdA-00383-00098280-00098543 creation of that kind of content for
3i_PayNFTdA-00384-00098544-00098838 everyone who enjoys it including pirates
3i_PayNFTdA-00385-00098839-00099047 i definitely wouldn't call it a moral
3i_PayNFTdA-00386-00099048-00099294 imperative anymore but i generally do
3i_PayNFTdA-00387-00099295-00099462 think that paying for streaming
3i_PayNFTdA-00388-00099463-00099671 platforms is a good thing to do that
3i_PayNFTdA-00389-00099672-00099911 helps to keep existing art accessible
3i_PayNFTdA-00390-00099912-00100238 and fuels the creation of more art
3i_PayNFTdA-00391-00100239-00100318 but
3i_PayNFTdA-00392-00100319-00100591 that only holds true as long as these
3i_PayNFTdA-00393-00100592-00100862 platforms are committed to giving us
3i_PayNFTdA-00394-00100863-00101199 more art for our money not taking away
3i_PayNFTdA-00395-00101200-00101535 what we already have not [__] over
3i_PayNFTdA-00396-00101536-00101831 artists and their own customers purely
3i_PayNFTdA-00397-00101832-00102111 for the sake of a year-end balance sheet
3i_PayNFTdA-00398-00102112-00102318 i no longer think you have a moral
3i_PayNFTdA-00399-00102319-00102486 imperative to support streaming
3i_PayNFTdA-00400-00102488-00102758 platforms but if you're currently paying
3i_PayNFTdA-00401-00102759-00103110 for an hbo max subscription i do think
3i_PayNFTdA-00402-00103111-00103399 that you have a moral imperative to
3i_PayNFTdA-00403-00103400-00103718 cancel it immediately and tell everyone
3i_PayNFTdA-00404-00103719-00103975 you know to do the same because if this
3i_PayNFTdA-00405-00103976-00104175 little accounting scheme of zozlov
3i_PayNFTdA-00406-00104176-00104454 succeeds we are going to see other
3i_PayNFTdA-00407-00104455-00104663 desperate streaming ceos pulling the
3i_PayNFTdA-00408-00104664-00104951 same [__] and a lot of streaming
3i_PayNFTdA-00409-00104952-00105223 ceos already seem kinda desperate right
3i_PayNFTdA-00410-00105224-00105295 now
3i_PayNFTdA-00411-00105296-00105558 if it fails though if they lose enough
3i_PayNFTdA-00412-00105559-00105847 subscribers to offset the costs they've
3i_PayNFTdA-00413-00105848-00105990 already cut
3i_PayNFTdA-00414-00105991-00106302 that would send a powerful message to
3i_PayNFTdA-00415-00106303-00106599 all of these platforms that bad media
3i_PayNFTdA-00416-00106600-00107007 preservation is also bad business please
3i_PayNFTdA-00417-00107008-00107366 for the love of art stop supporting hbo
3i_PayNFTdA-00418-00107367-00107590 max you don't have to cancel your sub
3i_PayNFTdA-00419-00107591-00107807 forever just to the end of the fiscal
3i_PayNFTdA-00420-00107808-00108031 year and if there's something on there
3i_PayNFTdA-00421-00108032-00108278 you absolutely can't wait that long to
3i_PayNFTdA-00422-00108279-00108423 watch
3i_PayNFTdA-00423-00108424-00108663 well i'm sure you can find it wherever
3i_PayNFTdA-00424-00108664-00108943 you go to watch infinity train i'm jeff
3i_PayNFTdA-00425-00108944-00109254 though professional [__] bag signing out
3i_PayNFTdA-00426-00109255-00109583 from the high seas
3jzAQvDBO_A-00000-00000065-00000467 hello everyone welcome to my channel
3jzAQvDBO_A-00001-00000468-00003083 man Legacy
3jzAQvDBO_A-00002-00003084-00003238 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00004-00006252-00006572 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00005-00006573-00008908 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00006-00008909-00009742 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00007-00009743-00010679 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00008-00010680-00010981 [Laughter]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00009-00010982-00011550 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00010-00011551-00012785 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00011-00012786-00014119 ah
3jzAQvDBO_A-00012-00014119-00014921 [Laughter]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00013-00014922-00015713 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00014-00015715-00016733 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00015-00016734-00017666 laughs
3jzAQvDBO_A-00016-00017667-00018232 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00017-00018233-00021036 [Laughter]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00018-00021037-00022767 thank you
3jzAQvDBO_A-00019-00022768-00024178 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00020-00024179-00025886 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00021-00025887-00027514 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00022-00027516-00027681 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00023-00027682-00028810 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00024-00028811-00028943 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00025-00028944-00029529 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00026-00029530-00029536 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00027-00029537-00030899 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00028-00030900-00031127 gee
3jzAQvDBO_A-00029-00031129-00032868 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00030-00032869-00032870 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00031-00032871-00033632 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00032-00033633-00035347 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00033-00035348-00035587 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00034-00035588-00035931 thank you
3jzAQvDBO_A-00035-00035932-00037066 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00036-00037067-00037776 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00037-00037777-00038243 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00038-00038244-00038405 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00039-00038406-00039522 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00040-00039523-00039734 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00041-00039735-00040473 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00042-00040474-00041206 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00043-00041207-00041957 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00044-00041958-00042432 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00045-00042433-00043014 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00046-00043015-00043384 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00047-00043385-00043578 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00048-00043579-00043645 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00049-00043646-00044607 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00050-00044608-00045646 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00051-00045647-00045895 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00052-00045896-00046780 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00053-00046781-00047640 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00054-00047641-00048606 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00055-00048607-00049278 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00056-00049279-00049818 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00057-00049819-00049949 thank you
3jzAQvDBO_A-00058-00049950-00050383 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00059-00050384-00050507 finish him
3jzAQvDBO_A-00060-00050508-00050521 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00061-00050522-00050700 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00062-00050701-00051502 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00063-00051503-00051727 fatality
3jzAQvDBO_A-00064-00051728-00052729 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00065-00052729-00053011 player one choose
3jzAQvDBO_A-00066-00053012-00053092 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00067-00053094-00053500 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00068-00053501-00053765 bullseye
3jzAQvDBO_A-00069-00053766-00054321 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00070-00054322-00055187 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00071-00055188-00055398 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00072-00055399-00055417 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00073-00055419-00055516 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00074-00055516-00055937 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00075-00055938-00057323 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00076-00057324-00058504 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00077-00058505-00058775 I'm happy
3jzAQvDBO_A-00078-00058776-00058914 finish him
3jzAQvDBO_A-00079-00058915-00059021 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00080-00059022-00059154 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00081-00059154-00059527 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00082-00059528-00059596 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00083-00059597-00059661 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00084-00059662-00060653 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00085-00060654-00061769 epic win
3jzAQvDBO_A-00086-00061770-00062378 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00087-00062379-00064750 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00088-00064751-00065986 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00089-00065987-00068381 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00090-00068382-00070500 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00091-00070501-00071632 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00092-00071633-00072274 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00093-00072275-00072461 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00094-00072462-00072468 [Laughter]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00095-00072469-00073265 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00096-00073266-00074375 fight
3jzAQvDBO_A-00098-00078036-00079811 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00099-00079812-00080371 [Laughter]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00100-00080372-00080525 fight
3jzAQvDBO_A-00103-00087751-00088203 thank you
3jzAQvDBO_A-00104-00088204-00088358 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00105-00088359-00088396 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00106-00088397-00090040 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00107-00090041-00090068 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00108-00090069-00090515 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00109-00090516-00090675 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00111-00094357-00094517 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00112-00094518-00095485 thank you
3jzAQvDBO_A-00113-00095486-00096196 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00114-00096197-00096534 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00115-00096535-00097093 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00116-00097094-00097346 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00117-00097347-00097865 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00118-00097866-00098018 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00119-00098019-00099638 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00120-00099639-00101447 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00121-00101448-00102969 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00122-00102970-00104704 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00123-00104705-00104895 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00125-00108138-00109291 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00126-00109292-00110265 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00127-00110266-00111016 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00128-00111017-00113999 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00129-00114000-00114719 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00130-00114720-00115576 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00131-00115577-00117533 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00132-00117533-00118057 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00133-00118058-00118875 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00134-00118876-00119046 [Applause]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00135-00119047-00119906 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00136-00119907-00120515 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00137-00120516-00120825 foreign
3jzAQvDBO_A-00138-00120826-00122069 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00139-00122070-00123116 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00140-00123117-00123833 [Music]
3jzAQvDBO_A-00141-00123833-00124078 thank you
3jzAQvDBO_A-00142-00124079-00124340 [Music]
3jCbaPG0bMy-00000-00000049-00000324 the near closed front unrounded vowel or
3jCbaPG0bMy-00001-00000325-00000564 near hi front unrounded vowel is a type
3jCbaPG0bMy-00002-00000565-00000762 of vowel sound used in some spoken
3jCbaPG0bMy-00003-00000763-00000975 languages the symbol in the
3jCbaPG0bMy-00004-00000976-00001146 international phonetic alphabet that
3jCbaPG0bMy-00005-00001147-00001383 represents this sound as ie a small
3jCbaPG0bMy-00006-00001384-00001647 capital letter I the International
3jCbaPG0bMy-00007-00001648-00001889 Phonetic Association advises serifs on
3jCbaPG0bMy-00008-00001890-00002154 the symbols ends some sans-serif fonts
3jCbaPG0bMy-00009-00002155-00002396 to meet this typographic specification
3jCbaPG0bMy-00010-00002397-00002717 prior to 1989 there was an alternate
3jCbaPG0bMy-00011-00002718-00002897 symbol for this sound the use of which
3jCbaPG0bMy-00012-00002898-00003113 is no longer sanctioned by the IPA
3jCbaPG0bMy-00013-00003114-00003381 despite that some modern writings still
3jCbaPG0bMy-00014-00003382-00003672 use it handbook of the International
3jCbaPG0bMy-00015-00003672-00003918 Phonetic Association defines as a mid
3jCbaPG0bMy-00016-00003919-00004100 centralized lowered and centralized
3jCbaPG0bMy-00017-00004101-00004293 closed front unrounded vowel
3jCbaPG0bMy-00018-00004294-00004577 transcribed by diocese and the current
3jCbaPG0bMy-00019-00004578-00004743 official IPA name of the vowel
3jCbaPG0bMy-00020-00004744-00004925 transcribed with the symbol as near
3jCbaPG0bMy-00021-00004926-00005213 close near front unrounded vowel however
3jCbaPG0bMy-00022-00005214-00005432 some languages have the closed mid near
3jCbaPG0bMy-00023-00005433-00005652 front unrounded vowel a vowel that is
3jCbaPG0bMy-00024-00005653-00005841 somewhat lower than the canonical value
3jCbaPG0bMy-00025-00005842-00006029 of though it still fits the definition
3jCbaPG0bMy-00026-00006030-00006323 of a mid centralized i it occurs in some
3jCbaPG0bMy-00027-00006324-00006558 dialects of English such as Californian
3jCbaPG0bMy-00028-00006559-00006759 general American and modern received
3jCbaPG0bMy-00029-00006759-00006942 pronunciation as well as some other
3jCbaPG0bMy-00030-00006943-00007167 languages such as Icelandic and it can
3jCbaPG0bMy-00031-00007168-00007364 be transcribed with the symbol a lowered
3jCbaPG0bMy-00032-00007365-00007641 in narrow transcription certain sources
3jCbaPG0bMy-00033-00007642-00007842 may even use for the closed mid front
3jCbaPG0bMy-00034-00007843-00008130 unrounded vowel but that is rare for the
3jCbaPG0bMy-00035-00008131-00008331 closed mid near front unrounded vowel
3jCbaPG0bMy-00036-00008332-00008541 that is not usually transcribed with the
3jCbaPG0bMy-00037-00008542-00008751 symbol or I see closed mid front
3jCbaPG0bMy-00038-00008752-00009056 unrounded vowel in some other languages
3jCbaPG0bMy-00039-00009057-00009302 such as Danish Luxembourgish and Su 2
3jCbaPG0bMy-00040-00009303-00009474 there is a fully front near closed
3jCbaPG0bMy-00041-00009475-00009635 unrounded vowel the sound between
3jCbaPG0bMy-00042-00009636-00009837 Cardinal I and E which can be
3jCbaPG0bMy-00043-00009838-00010148 transcribed in IPA with either e
3jCbaPG0bMy-00044-00010149-00010370 sometimes especially in broad
3jCbaPG0bMy-00045-00010371-00010592 transcription this vowel is transcribed
3jCbaPG0bMy-00046-00010593-00010752 with a simpler symbol I which
3jCbaPG0bMy-00047-00010753-00010952 technically represents the closed front
3jCbaPG0bMy-00048-00010953-00011546 unrounded vowel
3jCbaPG0bMy-00049-00011547-00012060 topic features
3jCbaPG0bMy-00050-00012061-00012309 it's vowel height as near close also
3jCbaPG0bMy-00051-00012310-00012477 known as near high which means the
3jCbaPG0bMy-00052-00012478-00012660 tongue is not quite so constricted as a
3jCbaPG0bMy-00053-00012661-00012946 closed vowel high vowel its vowel
3jCbaPG0bMy-00054-00012947-00013153 backness is front which means the tongue
3jCbaPG0bMy-00055-00013154-00013324 is positioned as far forward as possible
3jCbaPG0bMy-00056-00013325-00013510 in the mouth without creating a
3jCbaPG0bMy-00057-00013511-00013683 constriction that would be classified as
3jCbaPG0bMy-00058-00013684-00013950 a consonant note that rounded front
3jCbaPG0bMy-00059-00013951-00014161 vowels are often centralized which means
3jCbaPG0bMy-00060-00014162-00014335 that often they are in fact near front
3jCbaPG0bMy-00061-00014336-00014628 it is unrounded which means that the
3jCbaPG0bMy-00062-00014629-00015230 lips are not rounded
3jCbaPG0bMy-00063-00015231-00015738 topic occurrence
3jCbaPG0bMy-00064-00015740-00016093 equals equals nodes
3lYLpjmsK18-00000-00000823-00001183 [Music]
3lYLpjmsK18-00001-00001184-00002487 ted
3lYLpjmsK18-00002-00002488-00002788 so
3m0023KIz7E-00000-00002147-00002671 [Music]
3m0023KIz7E-00001-00002672-00002957 thank you
3m0023KIz7E-00002-00002958-00003137 yeah
3m0023KIz7E-00003-00003138-00005097 foreign
3m0023KIz7E-00004-00005098-00006352 [Music]
3m0023KIz7E-00005-00006353-00006542 sometimes
3m0023KIz7E-00007-00009611-00009860 foreign
3m0023KIz7E-00008-00009861-00012460 [Music]
3m0023KIz7E-00009-00012461-00013427 tell me
3m0023KIz7E-00010-00013428-00013979 foreign
3m0023KIz7E-00011-00013980-00016783 [Music]
3m0023KIz7E-00012-00016784-00017497 all right
3m0023KIz7E-00013-00017498-00017735 all right
3m0023KIz7E-00014-00017736-00018333 together
3m0023KIz7E-00015-00018334-00019443 [Laughter]
3m0023KIz7E-00016-00019444-00020230 [Music]
3m0023KIz7E-00018-00024554-00024871 [Music]
3m0023KIz7E-00020-00028513-00031007 thank you
3m0023KIz7E-00021-00031008-00031283 [Music]
3m0023KIz7E-00023-00036096-00036396 foreign
429DzWXqFkI-00000-00000043-00000917 [Music]
429DzWXqFkI-00001-00000918-00001160 you know what's going on guys it's your
429DzWXqFkI-00002-00001161-00001319 voice in here ring is a video today Bria
429DzWXqFkI-00003-00001320-00001458 is a cool little tip video hi make sure
429DzWXqFkI-00004-00001459-00001751 I post and upload and just like save
429DzWXqFkI-00005-00001752-00001955 your images for social media in the best
429DzWXqFkI-00006-00001957-00002165 way possible and the sugar is actually
429DzWXqFkI-00007-00002166-00002304 distinctive difference I want to show
429DzWXqFkI-00008-00002305-00002483 you guys three quick examples and plus
429DzWXqFkI-00009-00002484-00002607 how to upload your header in the best
429DzWXqFkI-00010-00002608-00002856 way possible so the setting to a client
429DzWXqFkI-00011-00002857-00002966 like I say if you're a business account
429DzWXqFkI-00012-00002967-00003098 or your personal account you want to
429DzWXqFkI-00013-00003099-00003198 make sure that you're sending your
429DzWXqFkI-00014-00003199-00003356 clients the best quality possible as
429DzWXqFkI-00015-00003357-00003527 well as you're putting yourself in the
429DzWXqFkI-00016-00003528-00003699 best place when it comes to quality of
429DzWXqFkI-00017-00003700-00003881 course so quickly these are the three
429DzWXqFkI-00018-00003882-00003990 examples and I have so this first
429DzWXqFkI-00019-00003990-00004127 example here if you guys wanna basically
429DzWXqFkI-00020-00004128-00004286 look right next to this oh and blue
429DzWXqFkI-00021-00004287-00004434 where the oh and the blue background
429DzWXqFkI-00022-00004435-00004554 kind of meet this sort of line right
429DzWXqFkI-00023-00004555-00004718 here if you like look right here you can
429DzWXqFkI-00024-00004719-00004875 see like a little bit of fuzzy noise
429DzWXqFkI-00025-00004876-00005022 it's just compression it's very very
429DzWXqFkI-00026-00005023-00005252 simple sort of compression that's
429DzWXqFkI-00027-00005253-00005366 happening right here if I go to the
429DzWXqFkI-00028-00005367-00005508 right one though this is a cleaner
429DzWXqFkI-00029-00005509-00005636 version with my example make sure it
429DzWXqFkI-00030-00005637-00005768 stays video and you can see the
429DzWXqFkI-00031-00005769-00005954 compression kind of goes away whether or
429DzWXqFkI-00032-00005955-00006150 not these are still have been noisier or
429DzWXqFkI-00033-00006151-00006434 blurry here because I might have use not
429DzWXqFkI-00034-00006436-00006603 a vector file that you know formatted
429DzWXqFkI-00035-00006604-00006786 this for this for this case but you can
429DzWXqFkI-00036-00006787-00006912 see there's a very very distinctive
429DzWXqFkI-00037-00006913-00007068 difference if you can't I'll show you
429DzWXqFkI-00038-00007069-00007298 guys another example here so on the left
429DzWXqFkI-00039-00007300-00007467 hand side this is very very very easy to
429DzWXqFkI-00040-00007468-00007706 see I believe but you can see the colors
429DzWXqFkI-00041-00007708-00007878 are not as bright as it could be because
429DzWXqFkI-00042-00007879-00008028 the compression of course you know kind
429DzWXqFkI-00043-00008029-00008199 of separates the pixels you get lesser
429DzWXqFkI-00044-00008200-00008385 color you get a double color if I go
429DzWXqFkI-00045-00008386-00008490 towards the right you'll see it gets
429DzWXqFkI-00046-00008491-00008700 really really sharp and it gets really
429DzWXqFkI-00047-00008701-00008880 really really nice and just sort of like
429DzWXqFkI-00048-00008881-00009054 you know a brighter red like you can see
429DzWXqFkI-00049-00009055-00009201 this is not mess sound with this color
429DzWXqFkI-00050-00009202-00009372 correction this is the same exact image
429DzWXqFkI-00051-00009373-00009507 just one simple little trick to kind of
429DzWXqFkI-00052-00009508-00009660 fix it and all that good stuff so that's
429DzWXqFkI-00053-00009661-00009813 that version right here you can see that
429DzWXqFkI-00054-00009814-00009954 and this last one is the most
429DzWXqFkI-00055-00009955-00010089 distinctive and also probably one of the
429DzWXqFkI-00056-00010090-00010233 most helpful because a lot of people
429DzWXqFkI-00057-00010234-00010410 just use gradients and pictures so this
429DzWXqFkI-00058-00010411-00010512 is a gradient right here that's the
429DzWXqFkI-00059-00010513-00010683 first picture that has a lesser quality
429DzWXqFkI-00060-00010684-00010857 and I'm going towards the right this is
429DzWXqFkI-00061-00010858-00011010 the one with the actual newer quality
429DzWXqFkI-00062-00011011-00011124 fix that I'm gonna show you guys to this
429DzWXqFkI-00063-00011125-00011361 video again so I go left go right if you
429DzWXqFkI-00064-00011362-00011478 guys gonna really look at people's eyes
429DzWXqFkI-00065-00011479-00011682 he probably tell exactly what's happened
429DzWXqFkI-00066-00011683-00011973 with the quality right so it's very
429DzWXqFkI-00067-00011974-00012123 distinctive once you start understanding
429DzWXqFkI-00068-00012124-00012318 that there is a way to actually do so
429DzWXqFkI-00069-00012319-00012492 now this first header here is actually
429DzWXqFkI-00070-00012493-00012618 the highest quality I firstly could have
429DzWXqFkI-00071-00012619-00012795 gotten this for in this case right here
429DzWXqFkI-00072-00012796-00013025 this one over here though is the more
429DzWXqFkI-00073-00013026-00013244 sort of like super compressed version so
429DzWXqFkI-00074-00013245-00013347 I'm gonna zoom in really quickly so you
429DzWXqFkI-00075-00013347-00013530 guys can see once again I great here if
429DzWXqFkI-00076-00013531-00013577 you look right
429DzWXqFkI-00077-00013578-00013816 here I go back to this one right back
429DzWXqFkI-00078-00013818-00013934 and forth you see there's a very very
429DzWXqFkI-00079-00013935-00014122 distinctive quality difference so now
429DzWXqFkI-00080-00014124-00014243 that I'm done talking I'm going to show
429DzWXqFkI-00081-00014244-00014351 you guys I just wanna show guys there's
429DzWXqFkI-00082-00014352-00014537 a very distinctive idea of you know
429DzWXqFkI-00083-00014538-00014732 right in a wrong so now that I'm done
429DzWXqFkI-00084-00014733-00014936 I'm gonna go ahead and show you guys how
429DzWXqFkI-00085-00014937-00015022 to do it let's do it
429DzWXqFkI-00086-00015024-00015152 alright guys so it's actually super
429DzWXqFkI-00087-00015153-00015272 super simple now let's just say you
429DzWXqFkI-00088-00015272-00015437 don't your entire design you want to
429DzWXqFkI-00089-00015438-00015587 post it for Twitter to share retweet
429DzWXqFkI-00090-00015588-00015779 like all that good stuff all you have to
429DzWXqFkI-00091-00015780-00015935 do is this very very simple so once
429DzWXqFkI-00092-00015936-00016076 you're done all you just make sure
429DzWXqFkI-00093-00016077-00016262 you're done please will of God once you
429DzWXqFkI-00094-00016263-00016397 done all you have to do is you can
429DzWXqFkI-00095-00016398-00016592 collapse the entire I guess you say
429DzWXqFkI-00096-00016593-00016832 project into one single layer if you
429DzWXqFkI-00097-00016833-00017030 guys press ctrl shift and E on your
429DzWXqFkI-00098-00017031-00017207 keyboard just like so it'll collapse
429DzWXqFkI-00099-00017208-00017390 everything that is also activated so
429DzWXqFkI-00100-00017391-00017534 everything that is not activated will
429DzWXqFkI-00101-00017535-00017696 just be like so it'll just be unchecked
429DzWXqFkI-00102-00017697-00017879 as well you can still open and close it
429DzWXqFkI-00103-00017880-00017963 but that is really matter that's
429DzWXqFkI-00104-00017964-00018097 irrelevant but just know that's why
429DzWXqFkI-00105-00018098-00018254 that's not gonna happen now what you're
429DzWXqFkI-00106-00018255-00018416 gonna go ahead and do is if you double
429DzWXqFkI-00107-00018417-00018527 click on this right here this layer
429DzWXqFkI-00108-00018528-00018665 since this locks if you guys double
429DzWXqFkI-00109-00018666-00018896 click on it you press ok now that's
429DzWXqFkI-00110-00018897-00019061 unlocked you guys can just go ahead and
429DzWXqFkI-00111-00019062-00019325 use the rectangle marquee tool go all
429DzWXqFkI-00112-00019326-00019442 the way down to the either like the far
429DzWXqFkI-00113-00019443-00019640 left far-right top left top right it
429DzWXqFkI-00114-00019641-00019805 doesn't really matter whatsoever I just
429DzWXqFkI-00115-00019806-00019997 like to go bottom left you zoom in all
429DzWXqFkI-00116-00019998-00020219 the way right with this tool now you
429DzWXqFkI-00117-00020220-00020344 want to just basically select right
429DzWXqFkI-00118-00020345-00020500 around outside of the canvas what this
429DzWXqFkI-00119-00020501-00020656 little corner here is and I'm moving
429DzWXqFkI-00120-00020657-00020831 slowly until you select that one pixel
429DzWXqFkI-00121-00020832-00021002 one single pixel so you really need you
429DzWXqFkI-00122-00021003-00021194 press Delete on your keyboard then you
429DzWXqFkI-00123-00021195-00021419 can either press right click deselect or
429DzWXqFkI-00124-00021420-00021602 control D on your keyboard to deselect
429DzWXqFkI-00125-00021603-00021812 it and I once you delete that one pixel
429DzWXqFkI-00126-00021813-00022069 and that nice little one merge layer you
429DzWXqFkI-00127-00022070-00022388 guys can go to file export save for web
429DzWXqFkI-00128-00022389-00022556 overlay personally I like to go ahead
429DzWXqFkI-00129-00022557-00022790 and just do ctrl alt shift and s all at
429DzWXqFkI-00130-00022791-00023027 the same time just like so and that
429DzWXqFkI-00131-00023028-00023237 besides saving as PNG 24 you guys going
429DzWXqFkI-00132-00023238-00023419 to go into P and g8 make sure I'm
429DzWXqFkI-00133-00023420-00023644 selective diffusion transparency this
429DzWXqFkI-00134-00023645-00023789 isn't usually kind of like default I'm
429DzWXqFkI-00135-00023790-00023921 gonna run through it and if you guys are
429DzWXqFkI-00136-00023922-00024242 not on 256 please be on 256 be there 100
429DzWXqFkI-00137-00024243-00024377 and all that good stuff make sure of
429DzWXqFkI-00138-00024378-00024587 course convert to srgb is selected and
429DzWXqFkI-00139-00024588-00024781 then all you have to do is press save
429DzWXqFkI-00140-00024782-00025013 and when you guys save it it's uploaded
429DzWXqFkI-00141-00025014-00025136 it's gonna be in the best quality
429DzWXqFkI-00142-00025137-00025378 possible and I can show you that and I'm
429DzWXqFkI-00143-00025379-00025469 just gonna go ahead and now and just
429DzWXqFkI-00144-00025470-00025553 quickly show you guys how to do the
429DzWXqFkI-00145-00025554-00025714 header part alright guys so now for
429DzWXqFkI-00146-00025716-00025828 headers they're pretty much the same
429DzWXqFkI-00147-00025829-00025969 exact thing it's just one extra little
429DzWXqFkI-00148-00025970-00026192 step so J end up doing is once again
429DzWXqFkI-00149-00026193-00026302 once you guys are doing your entire
429DzWXqFkI-00150-00026303-00026521 project to shift it to see you not to
429DzWXqFkI-00151-00026522-00026636 shift it but to collapse the entire
429DzWXqFkI-00152-00026637-00026855 project into one layer you press ctrl
429DzWXqFkI-00153-00026856-00026945 shift and
429DzWXqFkI-00154-00026945-00027176 just like so again to unlock it just
429DzWXqFkI-00155-00027177-00027401 double click on it you press ok now it's
429DzWXqFkI-00156-00027402-00027614 unlocked then you of course go ahead and
429DzWXqFkI-00157-00027614-00027745 take your M marquee tool once again
429DzWXqFkI-00158-00027747-00027902 right go to the left or the right
429DzWXqFkI-00159-00027902-00028120 whatever just go to the corner right
429DzWXqFkI-00160-00028122-00028331 select one pixel you press Delete on
429DzWXqFkI-00161-00028332-00028598 your keyboard ctrl D to deselect then
429DzWXqFkI-00162-00028599-00028844 I'm gonna hold ctrl alt shift and s just
429DzWXqFkI-00163-00028845-00029014 like so to open up the safer web and
429DzWXqFkI-00164-00029016-00029336 then of course once again PNG 8 colors
429DzWXqFkI-00165-00029337-00029620 256 now usually when you're I guess when
429DzWXqFkI-00166-00029622-00029726 you're designing and whatnot you should
429DzWXqFkI-00167-00029727-00029822 always be designing if you doing a
429DzWXqFkI-00168-00029823-00030098 Twitter header at least in 3000 by 1000
429DzWXqFkI-00169-00030099-00030239 to best quality possible-- for you guys
429DzWXqFkI-00170-00030239-00030419 but what you're not gonna do is gonna
429DzWXqFkI-00171-00030420-00030533 press save you're gonna go ahead and
429DzWXqFkI-00172-00030533-00030695 press percentage first you're gonna
429DzWXqFkI-00173-00030695-00030914 highlight that 100 and change it to 50%
429DzWXqFkI-00174-00030914-00031202 just like so so now your uh your default
429DzWXqFkI-00175-00031202-00031376 is gonna be at 1500 by 500 which is
429DzWXqFkI-00176-00031377-00031570 usually you would usually usually use
429DzWXqFkI-00177-00031572-00031748 but your since your decompressing it
429DzWXqFkI-00178-00031749-00031886 yourself with a higher quality image
429DzWXqFkI-00179-00031887-00032083 it's gonna be of course higher quality
429DzWXqFkI-00180-00032085-00032273 in the end result so now when you press
429DzWXqFkI-00181-00032274-00032498 save I'm just gonna save it as just
429DzWXqFkI-00182-00032499-00032689 gonna save it as HQ in this case right
429DzWXqFkI-00183-00032691-00032870 press save now I'm gonna really quickly
429DzWXqFkI-00184-00032871-00033146 just hop on to my web browser alright
429DzWXqFkI-00185-00033147-00033278 guys so now that I'm not a browser and
429DzWXqFkI-00186-00033279-00033455 no idea I use Firefox on my own will
429DzWXqFkI-00187-00033456-00033668 sorry I just did it for today's video
429DzWXqFkI-00188-00033669-00033809 I'm just quickly really quickly as well
429DzWXqFkI-00189-00033810-00033965 just quickly really quickly as well just
429DzWXqFkI-00190-00033966-00034130 gonna go with it the header right here
429DzWXqFkI-00191-00034131-00034355 is actually say this PNG 24 not the PNG
429DzWXqFkI-00192-00034356-00034535 a just to show you the difference when
429DzWXqFkI-00193-00034536-00034703 I'm going to refresh it but what you
429DzWXqFkI-00194-00034704-00034778 guys will do is when you're in your
429DzWXqFkI-00195-00034779-00034904 browser you can have your Twitter open
429DzWXqFkI-00196-00034905-00035066 that's perfectly fine what I want you
429DzWXqFkI-00197-00035067-00035204 guys to do though is make a new tab and
429DzWXqFkI-00198-00035205-00035402 then on your new tab just type in m dot
429DzWXqFkI-00199-00035403-00035609 twitter.com this will guys when you
429DzWXqFkI-00200-00035610-00035795 press enter bring you guys to mobile
429DzWXqFkI-00201-00035796-00035957 intercom you actually can of course
429DzWXqFkI-00202-00035958-00036131 access it through your desktop what you
429DzWXqFkI-00203-00036132-00036233 guys wanna do is wear your top right
429DzWXqFkI-00204-00036234-00036398 profile then you want to click on the
429DzWXqFkI-00205-00036399-00036563 word profile and then with this you just
429DzWXqFkI-00206-00036564-00036749 want to click edit profile then you want
429DzWXqFkI-00207-00036750-00036848 to go ahead and click this nice little
429DzWXqFkI-00208-00036849-00036989 camera button right here and then you
429DzWXqFkI-00209-00036990-00037151 want to click your of course new save
429DzWXqFkI-00210-00037152-00037523 PNG 815 100 by 500 resolution you press
429DzWXqFkI-00211-00037524-00037712 open you go ahead and press I just like
429DzWXqFkI-00212-00037713-00037832 to go ahead and zoom it out or zooming
429DzWXqFkI-00213-00037833-00038123 in zooming out and then press apply then
429DzWXqFkI-00214-00038124-00038288 you guys press save and then when you
429DzWXqFkI-00215-00038289-00038408 guys save you'll see it changes right
429DzWXqFkI-00216-00038409-00038564 here and if you guys have new Twitter as
429DzWXqFkI-00217-00038565-00038702 well looks way better on new Twitter as
429DzWXqFkI-00218-00038703-00038927 well it's not just old Twitter I just
429DzWXqFkI-00219-00038928-00039038 wanna do it for old Twitter as well just
429DzWXqFkI-00220-00039039-00039185 you know it's kind of both ways kind of
429DzWXqFkI-00221-00039186-00039371 thing right um then I go back to my of
429DzWXqFkI-00222-00039372-00039551 course my regular old Twitter I'm gonna
429DzWXqFkI-00223-00039552-00039731 go to press ctrl R to refresh it just
429DzWXqFkI-00224-00039732-00039896 like so and you guys will see the
429DzWXqFkI-00225-00039897-00040082 quality is now fixed and it looks way
429DzWXqFkI-00226-00040083-00040197 way way 10th
429DzWXqFkI-00227-00040198-00040350 better and I'm telling you guys if you
429DzWXqFkI-00228-00040351-00040437 guys were working with a really high
429DzWXqFkI-00229-00040438-00040638 compression or a lot of blacks on a
429DzWXqFkI-00230-00040639-00040806 grunge a lot of this that it's gonna
429DzWXqFkI-00231-00040807-00040983 look like a million like it's gonna look
429DzWXqFkI-00232-00040984-00041151 day and night difference and I'm just
429DzWXqFkI-00233-00041152-00041343 gonna just say I'm your tongue I'm just
429DzWXqFkI-00234-00041344-00041403 your Savior
429DzWXqFkI-00235-00041404-00041580 um okay I want to share is one last
429DzWXqFkI-00236-00041581-00041763 trick on histogram before you guys leave
429DzWXqFkI-00237-00041764-00041892 the video and it's gonna change your
429DzWXqFkI-00238-00041893-00042057 life forever guaranteed promise to watch
429DzWXqFkI-00239-00042058-00042261 alright guys so now we are in Instagram
429DzWXqFkI-00240-00042262-00042381 and all that cool stuff so we're gonna
429DzWXqFkI-00241-00042382-00042513 go ahead and do is you're guys gonna go
429DzWXqFkI-00242-00042514-00042753 to Instagram comm switch queue and get
429DzWXqFkI-00243-00042754-00042939 me this 1k real quick we're only seven
429DzWXqFkI-00244-00042940-00043071 anyway I'm sorry I just had a plug
429DzWXqFkI-00245-00043072-00043191 really quick if you guys would like me
429DzWXqFkI-00246-00043192-00043368 in any way whatsoever and you guys like
429DzWXqFkI-00247-00043369-00043554 to post things from like Twitter or us
429DzWXqFkI-00248-00043555-00043719 in that Twitter but Twitter one night
429DzWXqFkI-00249-00043720-00043830 let's say you do a really cool twitch
429DzWXqFkI-00250-00043831-00044013 clip you save it on to your computer you
429DzWXqFkI-00251-00044014-00044178 have a third party service all that
429DzWXqFkI-00252-00044179-00044304 crazy stuff like that or maybe you're
429DzWXqFkI-00253-00044305-00044442 someone who has like pictures of like
429DzWXqFkI-00254-00044443-00044610 designs you want to post your designs
429DzWXqFkI-00255-00044611-00044775 from your computer to of course
429DzWXqFkI-00256-00044776-00044967 Instagram without use like a third party
429DzWXqFkI-00257-00044968-00045123 or something like that and you guys like
429DzWXqFkI-00258-00045124-00045366 me where I used to post it to Dropbox or
429DzWXqFkI-00259-00045367-00045624 a drive download off my phone then throw
429DzWXqFkI-00260-00045625-00045792 it from my phone Instagram there's a bit
429DzWXqFkI-00261-00045793-00045960 of a process I kind of hated it and you
429DzWXqFkI-00262-00045961-00046059 kind of probably lose a little bit of
429DzWXqFkI-00263-00046060-00046197 compression I'm sure you guys a little
429DzWXqFkI-00264-00046198-00046350 quick little trick okay now you can
429DzWXqFkI-00265-00046351-00046596 either right click inspect right or a do
429DzWXqFkI-00266-00046597-00046869 control shift I once you guys press
429DzWXqFkI-00267-00046870-00047031 control shift I the inspector will come
429DzWXqFkI-00268-00047032-00047142 up and all that good stuff you guys sent
429DzWXqFkI-00269-00047143-00047277 me know this from like trying to get
429DzWXqFkI-00270-00047278-00047448 pictures of something like that but if
429DzWXqFkI-00271-00047449-00047580 you guys go up this top left right here
429DzWXqFkI-00272-00047581-00047787 it says toggle device toolbar you have
429DzWXqFkI-00273-00047788-00047916 to just press that just like so or
429DzWXqFkI-00274-00047917-00048126 control shift M right you click on it
429DzWXqFkI-00275-00048127-00048354 once now if you scroll down sometimes
429DzWXqFkI-00276-00048355-00048522 and it doesn't happen every single time
429DzWXqFkI-00277-00048523-00048702 but you might already have it a little
429DzWXqFkI-00278-00048703-00048846 upload button that usually would be here
429DzWXqFkI-00279-00048847-00049023 for you guys there to go ahead and just
429DzWXqFkI-00280-00049024-00049203 upload alike cool stuff right but if you
429DzWXqFkI-00281-00049204-00049380 guys do not by the way I'm one pixel to
429DzWXqFkI-00282-00049381-00049578 not responsive it doesn't really matter
429DzWXqFkI-00283-00049579-00049728 whatsoever I just like to be on pixel to
429DzWXqFkI-00284-00049729-00049905 okay so if you guys do not see it like
429DzWXqFkI-00285-00049906-00050109 in my case right now I do not see it I'm
429DzWXqFkI-00286-00050110-00050346 gonna go to API just click on it once go
429DzWXqFkI-00287-00050347-00050496 to this cog wheel right here click on a
429DzWXqFkI-00288-00050497-00050691 once and then go to this home page and
429DzWXqFkI-00289-00050692-00050850 click on at once and as you guys can see
429DzWXqFkI-00290-00050851-00051021 I'm just going to click on this now I
429DzWXqFkI-00291-00051022-00051312 can upload my pictures my videos is
429DzWXqFkI-00292-00051313-00051446 really matter whatsoever I can fix this
429DzWXqFkI-00293-00051447-00051617 on the crazy stuff now the only thing
429DzWXqFkI-00294-00051619-00051810 you guys cannot do is do other color
429DzWXqFkI-00295-00051811-00051954 Corrections or like you know all that
429DzWXqFkI-00296-00051954-00052053 crazy stuff that you would do for
429DzWXqFkI-00297-00052054-00052269 Instagram like filters and whatnot but I
429DzWXqFkI-00298-00052270-00052463 only hope that you guys would excuse me
429DzWXqFkI-00299-00052464-00052655 like you already have it exported from
429DzWXqFkI-00300-00052657-00052839 Photoshop or so like that or Lightroom
429DzWXqFkI-00301-00052840-00052955 right so you don't have to like you know
429DzWXqFkI-00302-00052957-00053091 go through the process of going through
429DzWXqFkI-00303-00053091-00053291 your phone or whatever but yeah that's
429DzWXqFkI-00304-00053292-00053400 just only thing that's just a little
429DzWXqFkI-00305-00053401-00053544 downside to it but and most
429DzWXqFkI-00306-00053545-00053642 cases if you're a designer you're
429DzWXqFkI-00307-00053644-00053769 probably not gonna have to use a filter
429DzWXqFkI-00308-00053770-00053930 right you just worked all that way to
429DzWXqFkI-00309-00053932-00054087 make a color correction for it but if I
429DzWXqFkI-00310-00054088-00054252 go next I can absolutely share it and
429DzWXqFkI-00311-00054253-00054444 exactly just like Instagram I can even
429DzWXqFkI-00312-00054445-00054588 scroll through Instagram like I would on
429DzWXqFkI-00313-00054589-00054813 my phone and just like just like just
429DzWXqFkI-00314-00054814-00054992 like so just correct congratulations to
429DzWXqFkI-00315-00054994-00055191 mark sisters you know um but yeah what
429DzWXqFkI-00316-00055191-00055365 that being said homies that is the end
429DzWXqFkI-00317-00055366-00055599 of the video for me today I hope you
429DzWXqFkI-00318-00055600-00055851 guys enjoy and yeah I think we freaking
429DzWXqFkI-00319-00055852-00055989 killed it I hope you guys I hope I
429DzWXqFkI-00320-00055990-00056103 showed you guys something that will
429DzWXqFkI-00321-00056104-00056291 change your lives for quality forever
429DzWXqFkI-00322-00056292-00056535 and on like Twitter and hopefully save
429DzWXqFkI-00323-00056536-00056682 your lies for Instagram
429DzWXqFkI-00324-00056683-00056802 because I know something I person
429DzWXqFkI-00325-00056803-00056925 struggled with the back in the past but
429DzWXqFkI-00326-00056926-00057096 with that being said I'm done for
429DzWXqFkI-00327-00057097-00057285 today's video I love you guys I hope you
429DzWXqFkI-00328-00057286-00057479 guys keep smiling stay positive and stay
429DzWXqFkI-00329-00057480-00057732 freaking productive guys later much love
429DzWXqFkI-00330-00057733-00058011 and enjoy everything everything you guys
429DzWXqFkI-00331-00058012-00058296 are beautiful peace
42IYBXIk2IU-00000-00000073-00000083 [Music]
42IYBXIk2IU-00001-00000084-00000335 swipe left someone says something stupid
42IYBXIk2IU-00002-00000336-00000574 swipe right now I'm watching what you
42IYBXIk2IU-00003-00000575-00000784 did but we're down now I'm at a
42IYBXIk2IU-00004-00000785-00001103 disadvantage but I think that it's worth
42IYBXIk2IU-00005-00001104-00001427 it I put my headphones on
42IYBXIk2IU-00006-00001428-00001805 I play my favorite song I go to sleep
42IYBXIk2IU-00007-00001805-00001962 and try again
42IYBXIk2IU-00008-00001963-00003640 [Music]
42IYBXIk2IU-00009-00003642-00004067 is
42IYBXIk2IU-00010-00004068-00004487 don't win today
42IYBXIk2IU-00011-00004488-00006252 [Music]
42IYBXIk2IU-00012-00006253-00006812 boss says again
42IYBXIk2IU-00014-00010108-00010259 [Music]
42IYBXIk2IU-00015-00010260-00010417 don't wait today
42IYBXIk2IU-00016-00010418-00012523 [Music]
45UUi2bgO18-00000-00000032-00000448 [Music]
45UUi2bgO18-00001-00000449-00000740 hey everyone welcome it back to my
45UUi2bgO18-00002-00000741-00000979 channel I have an exciting video for
45UUi2bgO18-00003-00000980-00001157 those who entered into my giveaways
45UUi2bgO18-00004-00001158-00001373 because I'm gonna go ahead and pick all
45UUi2bgO18-00005-00001374-00001673 three giveaway winners right now so I'm
45UUi2bgO18-00006-00001673-00001925 gonna start off with my boxycharm box if
45UUi2bgO18-00007-00001926-00002171 you entered into this giveaway you will
45UUi2bgO18-00008-00002172-00002525 be winning the two a spew t eyeshadows
45UUi2bgO18-00009-00002526-00002750 so I'm gonna go ahead and get the link
45UUi2bgO18-00010-00002751-00002972 for that video and I'm gonna click it
45UUi2bgO18-00011-00002973-00003244 Oh click it on it put it into this
45UUi2bgO18-00012-00003245-00003599 random comment picker right here I'm
45UUi2bgO18-00013-00003600-00003809 gonna paste that in and remember you had
45UUi2bgO18-00014-00003810-00004031 to put down that the correct comment
45UUi2bgO18-00015-00004032-00004286 down below which was what job would you
45UUi2bgO18-00016-00004287-00004547 want in the entertainment industry so
45UUi2bgO18-00017-00004548-00004817 when I load these comments that has to
45UUi2bgO18-00018-00004818-00005093 be one of the Commons that I load or
45UUi2bgO18-00019-00005094-00005227 else I'm gonna have to pick somebody
45UUi2bgO18-00020-00005228-00005486 else so let me go ahead and click little
45UUi2bgO18-00021-00005487-00006038 comments randomly pick winner that was
45UUi2bgO18-00022-00006039-00006413 me obviously let me go ahead and click
45UUi2bgO18-00023-00006414-00006520 that again
45UUi2bgO18-00024-00006520-00007028 woo so we have Jay Navarro and she puts
45UUi2bgO18-00025-00007029-00007319 a dancer thank you for the opportunity
45UUi2bgO18-00026-00007320-00007637 so congrats Jay Navarro you are the
45UUi2bgO18-00027-00007638-00007967 winner of the to a spew t eyeshadows
45UUi2bgO18-00028-00007968-00008167 okay let's go ahead and click on her
45UUi2bgO18-00029-00008168-00008453 page want to make sure she's subscribed
45UUi2bgO18-00030-00008454-00008614 to me or else I'll have to pick somebody
45UUi2bgO18-00031-00008615-00008935 else so let's go ahead and go to her
45UUi2bgO18-00032-00008936-00009217 subscriptions
45UUi2bgO18-00033-00009218-00009714 scrolling down looking for my mug and
45UUi2bgO18-00034-00009715-00010037 there it is if she's subscribed to me so
45UUi2bgO18-00035-00010038-00010369 congrats Jay Navarro you are the winner
45UUi2bgO18-00036-00010370-00010628 so let's go ahead and go back I'm going
45UUi2bgO18-00037-00010629-00010996 to click on YouTube random again the
45UUi2bgO18-00038-00010997-00011353 next giveaway I'm gonna do is the oopsie
45UUi2bgO18-00039-00011354-00011878 September giveaway and where is it and
45UUi2bgO18-00040-00011879-00012281 see if see there it is click the link if
45UUi2bgO18-00041-00012282-00012538 you win this giveaway you won the phase
45UUi2bgO18-00042-00012539-00012745 zero pressed eyeshadow in the color
45UUi2bgO18-00043-00012746-00013099 velvet along with my glam bag as you see
45UUi2bgO18-00044-00013100-00013172 then I'm holding
45UUi2bgO18-00045-00013174-00013440 right here in my thumbnail so you will
45UUi2bgO18-00046-00013441-00013701 receive it also so let me go ahead and
45UUi2bgO18-00047-00013702-00013959 go back to the YouTube random comment
45UUi2bgO18-00048-00013960-00014247 picker so I put that link in there load
45UUi2bgO18-00049-00014247-00014513 the comments and remember the question
45UUi2bgO18-00050-00014515-00014747 for this was what's one daring thing you
45UUi2bgO18-00051-00014749-00014949 wish you could do so I'm gonna go ahead
45UUi2bgO18-00052-00014950-00015105 and click randomly pick winner
45UUi2bgO18-00053-00015106-00015483 okay so Charlotte Melanie says this bag
45UUi2bgO18-00054-00015484-00015744 is super cute I love that lipstick color
45UUi2bgO18-00055-00015744-00015954 so pretty I tried wearing red lipstick
45UUi2bgO18-00056-00015955-00016182 but my hubby didn't like it so I would
45UUi2bgO18-00057-00016183-00016410 try going in a shark tank in the ocean
45UUi2bgO18-00058-00016411-00016671 thrilling and scary at the same time oh
45UUi2bgO18-00059-00016672-00016926 my god that's something I definitely
45UUi2bgO18-00060-00016927-00017166 would not want to do so Charlotte
45UUi2bgO18-00061-00017167-00017364 seriously good luck I hope one day that
45UUi2bgO18-00062-00017365-00017592 you'll be able to do that so let me go
45UUi2bgO18-00063-00017593-00017796 ahead and click on Charlotte Melanie's
45UUi2bgO18-00064-00017797-00018171 page there she is
45UUi2bgO18-00065-00018172-00018417 it says this channel doesn't have any
45UUi2bgO18-00066-00018418-00018810 content so unfortunately I cannot see if
45UUi2bgO18-00067-00018811-00019107 she subscribed to me or not so I will
45UUi2bgO18-00068-00019108-00019374 find out if she doesn't comment back so
45UUi2bgO18-00069-00019375-00019701 the say zero pressed eyeshadow in the
45UUi2bgO18-00070-00019702-00020036 color velvet I guess will be mine
45UUi2bgO18-00071-00020037-00020304 because you guys like I said before you
45UUi2bgO18-00072-00020305-00020538 have two weeks to claim your prize okay
45UUi2bgO18-00073-00020539-00020832 so let's go back to YouTube random clear
45UUi2bgO18-00074-00020833-00021084 out this page so congrats
45UUi2bgO18-00075-00021085-00021252 Charlotte Melanie you are the winner
45UUi2bgO18-00076-00021253-00021519 okay so the next was my september
45UUi2bgO18-00077-00021520-00021810 sephora play go ahead and copy that link
45UUi2bgO18-00078-00021811-00022134 and if you won this giveaway you had the
45UUi2bgO18-00079-00022135-00022362 choice between the Amika
45UUi2bgO18-00080-00022363-00022776 Bushwick beach wave spray or the benefit
45UUi2bgO18-00081-00022777-00023058 gimme brow in the number two which is
45UUi2bgO18-00082-00023059-00023400 warm golden blonde so let me know which
45UUi2bgO18-00083-00023401-00023724 one you would like go to that YouTube
45UUi2bgO18-00084-00023725-00024003 random comment picker and I put in that
45UUi2bgO18-00085-00024004-00024285 link and live with the comments and the
45UUi2bgO18-00086-00024286-00024477 question for this was what was your
45UUi2bgO18-00087-00024478-00024729 favorite season of Game of Thrones so
45UUi2bgO18-00088-00024730-00025002 I'm gonna randomly pick the winner she
45UUi2bgO18-00089-00025003-00025239 says she's not entering hi Heather she's
45UUi2bgO18-00090-00025240-00025323 such a sweetheart
45UUi2bgO18-00091-00025324-00025689 okay randomly pick winner again oh she
45UUi2bgO18-00092-00025689-00025866 says love this channel I love makeup
45UUi2bgO18-00093-00025867-00026053 channels thanks for sharing but
45UUi2bgO18-00094-00026054-00026310 unfortunately she did not enter the
45UUi2bgO18-00095-00026311-00026382 secret
45UUi2bgO18-00096-00026383-00026598 comments um when I go ahead and randomly
45UUi2bgO18-00097-00026599-00027045 pick winner again uh Alex expresses
45UUi2bgO18-00098-00027045-00027149 thank you for sharing your beautiful
45UUi2bgO18-00099-00027150-00027336 advice and tips I would definitely share
45UUi2bgO18-00100-00027337-00027489 this with my niece she loves beauty
45UUi2bgO18-00101-00027489-00027810 advice so like I said she did not put
45UUi2bgO18-00102-00027811-00028011 down the correct comment so randomly
45UUi2bgO18-00103-00028012-00028589 pick when her again that was me I don't
45UUi2bgO18-00104-00028590-00028883 know why it's not letting me click that
45UUi2bgO18-00105-00028884-00029079 it has like a little X maybe because I
45UUi2bgO18-00106-00029080-00029261 clicked it so many times so let's go
45UUi2bgO18-00107-00029262-00029387 ahead and do that again
45UUi2bgO18-00108-00029388-00030145 hopefully we get a winner this time oh
45UUi2bgO18-00109-00030147-00030477 Lisa free spirit I know who she is hello
45UUi2bgO18-00110-00030477-00030614 beautiful love this you're so pretty
45UUi2bgO18-00111-00030615-00030843 let's go ahead and randomly pick another
45UUi2bgO18-00112-00030844-00031012 winner
45UUi2bgO18-00113-00031013-00031418 okay so Bobbie M she says oh I'm afraid
45UUi2bgO18-00114-00031419-00031637 I never watched any of that show Bobbie
45UUi2bgO18-00115-00031638-00031721 me either
45UUi2bgO18-00116-00031722-00031955 she says my daughter kept telling me how
45UUi2bgO18-00117-00031956-00032102 good it was but I just never got around
45UUi2bgO18-00118-00032103-00032336 to it so let's go ahead and go to Bobbie
45UUi2bgO18-00119-00032337-00033027 M's page click on her subscriptions and
45UUi2bgO18-00120-00033028-00033861 try to find me old a mug where am I god
45UUi2bgO18-00121-00033862-00034930 she follows some gorgeous looking people
45UUi2bgO18-00122-00034931-00035285 okay so there I am okay so congrats
45UUi2bgO18-00123-00035286-00035645 Bobby M remember let me know which you
45UUi2bgO18-00124-00035646-00035873 would like to receive the Amika Bushwick
45UUi2bgO18-00125-00035874-00036092 beach wave spray or the benefit gimme
45UUi2bgO18-00126-00036093-00036355 brow okay you guys I want to say
45UUi2bgO18-00127-00036356-00036626 congrats to the winners and remember
45UUi2bgO18-00128-00036627-00036835 winners make sure you comment down below
45UUi2bgO18-00129-00036836-00037079 and acknowledge that you won and then
45UUi2bgO18-00130-00037080-00037330 email me your shipping address and I
45UUi2bgO18-00131-00037331-00037510 will mail out your prize as soon as
45UUi2bgO18-00132-00037511-00037751 possible and remember you have exactly
45UUi2bgO18-00133-00037752-00037979 two weeks from today to claim your prize
45UUi2bgO18-00134-00037980-00038335 or it is no longer available to you I've
45UUi2bgO18-00135-00038336-00038507 had others not claim their prizes and
45UUi2bgO18-00136-00038508-00038680 that just shows that you obviously don't
45UUi2bgO18-00137-00038681-00038960 care about this giveaway I'm sorry but
45UUi2bgO18-00138-00038961-00039229 yes you have two weeks but I want to
45UUi2bgO18-00139-00039230-00039445 thank all of you participated and thank
45UUi2bgO18-00140-00039446-00039649 you for your entries and stay tuned for
45UUi2bgO18-00141-00039650-00039967 more giveaways in the future Congrats
45UUi2bgO18-00142-00039968-00040177 again to the winners and I will see you
45UUi2bgO18-00143-00040178-00040484 all in my next video
45UUi2bgO18-00144-00040485-00041163 [Music]
47txt8Rye3u-00000-00000060-00001491 [Music]
47txt8Rye3u-00001-00001492-00002108 facebook is
47txt8Rye3u-00002-00002109-00003039 [Music]
47txt8Rye3u-00003-00003040-00003224 is
47txt8Rye3u-00004-00003225-00005679 [Music]
47txt8Rye3u-00005-00005680-00006120 ignition
47txt8Rye3u-00006-00006121-00006263 [Music]
47txt8Rye3u-00007-00006264-00006830 300.
47txt8Rye3u-00008-00006831-00007209 [Music]
47txt8Rye3u-00009-00007209-00007381 [Applause]
47txt8Rye3u-00010-00007381-00007623 [Music]
47txt8Rye3u-00011-00007623-00008095 um
47txt8Rye3u-00013-00012010-00013076 [Music]
47txt8Rye3u-00014-00013077-00013455 [Music]
47txt8Rye3u-00015-00013456-00013663 you
482UStdCygQ-00000-00000479-00000907 [Music]
482UStdCygQ-00001-00000908-00001247 yeah this is day one I've been getting
482UStdCygQ-00002-00001248-00001499 it I'm spitting gibberish I spit the
482UStdCygQ-00003-00001500-00001679 realest [__] that's why they can feel my
482UStdCygQ-00004-00001680-00001925 [__] and I'm Limitless running like a
482UStdCygQ-00005-00001926-00002171 business I ain't even Witnesses I just
482UStdCygQ-00006-00002172-00002399 keep on getting it so meticulous
482UStdCygQ-00007-00002400-00002615 spitting out these images traveling
482UStdCygQ-00008-00002616-00002818 these distances just so I could win a
482UStdCygQ-00009-00002819-00003052 bit and they feeling it I just keep on
482UStdCygQ-00010-00003053-00003322 feeling it jackpot stealing it having it
482UStdCygQ-00011-00003323-00003581 the ceiling yeah it's the chronicle lick
482UStdCygQ-00012-00003582-00003803 it like a popsicle everything is comical
482UStdCygQ-00013-00003804-00003995 nothing nothing's logical yeah
482UStdCygQ-00014-00003996-00004977 biological maybe diabolica this is
482UStdCygQ-00015-00004978-00005656 [Music]
482UStdCygQ-00016-00005657-00006996 [Music]
482UStdCygQ-00017-00006997-00007270 dedication is required as I'm rising up
482UStdCygQ-00018-00007272-00007445 get higher and the view is getting nice
482UStdCygQ-00019-00007445-00007625 and like a girl oh man I like her always
482UStdCygQ-00020-00007626-00007810 felt like getting Outsider now my reach
482UStdCygQ-00021-00007811-00007942 is getting wide I hit him with a little
482UStdCygQ-00022-00007943-00008056 bit of this and a little bit of that and
482UStdCygQ-00023-00008058-00008159 a little bit of tricks and a little bit
482UStdCygQ-00024-00008159-00008249 of tracks I don't want to get a little
482UStdCygQ-00025-00008250-00008351 bit up in the middle when you hit him
482UStdCygQ-00026-00008352-00008464 with a little too like a baseball bat
482UStdCygQ-00027-00008465-00010135 machine
482UStdCygQ-00028-00010136-00010439 and I'm nasty can't get nothing past me
482UStdCygQ-00029-00010440-00010660 dirty like the backseat got a question
482UStdCygQ-00030-00010661-00010967 ask me Everlasting you know that I'm
482UStdCygQ-00031-00010968-00011164 passing all these boys I'm waxing my
482UStdCygQ-00032-00011165-00011351 flow God I'm collapsing I've been
482UStdCygQ-00033-00011352-00011713 sitting records boy you can call me
482UStdCygQ-00034-00011714-00011992 the sickness and I got all the answers
482UStdCygQ-00035-00011993-00013338 baby
482UStdCygQ-00036-00013340-00014032 cause I'm always winning now
482UStdCygQ-00037-00014033-00014968 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00000-00000204-00000551 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00001-00000552-00001127 so
49h_zxHY5r4-00002-00001128-00002079 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00003-00002080-00002392 do
49h_zxHY5r4-00004-00002393-00003603 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00005-00003604-00004512 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00006-00004513-00005277 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00007-00005278-00005716 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00008-00005717-00006213 [Applause]
49h_zxHY5r4-00009-00006214-00007527 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00010-00007528-00007718 huh
49h_zxHY5r4-00011-00007719-00010240 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00012-00010241-00012555 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00013-00012556-00013627 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00014-00013628-00015796 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00015-00015797-00016527 [Music]
49h_zxHY5r4-00016-00016528-00016810 hey
49h_zxHY5r4-00018-00020048-00020256 you
49ic3HEgs3g-00000-00000152-00000351 uh yes hello everybody
49ic3HEgs3g-00001-00000352-00001023 um
49ic3HEgs3g-00002-00001024-00001343 hello everybody this is philip
49ic3HEgs3g-00003-00001344-00001734 from england and welcome to the
49ic3HEgs3g-00004-00001735-00002039 uh free webinar so if you
49ic3HEgs3g-00005-00002039-00002423 have any questions that
49ic3HEgs3g-00006-00002424-00002783 you would like to ask uh please
49ic3HEgs3g-00007-00002784-00003142 write them in the
49ic3HEgs3g-00008-00003143-00003911 please write a message
49ic3HEgs3g-00009-00003911-00004199 right i'm just going to share this in a
49ic3HEgs3g-00010-00004200-00004431 few
49ic3HEgs3g-00011-00004432-00006022 places so um
49ic3HEgs3g-00012-00006023-00006399 right okay um
49ic3HEgs3g-00013-00006400-00006727 so i can see that there's one person
49ic3HEgs3g-00014-00006728-00007055 here today already
49ic3HEgs3g-00015-00007056-00007391 so what i'm just going to do is
49ic3HEgs3g-00016-00007392-00007887 uh write a question or make a poll
49ic3HEgs3g-00017-00007888-00008319 um uh what you would like to study about
49ic3HEgs3g-00018-00008320-00008483 so what would you
49ic3HEgs3g-00019-00008484-00008719 like to learn
49ic3HEgs3g-00020-00008720-00008973 about today
49ic3HEgs3g-00021-00008974-00009103 [Music]
49ic3HEgs3g-00022-00009104-00009406 okay ielts exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00023-00009407-00009742 i was going to make a quick poll and
49ic3HEgs3g-00024-00009743-00009991 see which topics people would like to
49ic3HEgs3g-00025-00009992-00010110 discuss
49ic3HEgs3g-00026-00010111-00010646 speaking business english
49ic3HEgs3g-00027-00010647-00010878 okay i think i can maybe only make four
49ic3HEgs3g-00028-00010879-00011063 topics so
49ic3HEgs3g-00029-00011064-00011510 right um and so okay i can see there's
49ic3HEgs3g-00030-00011511-00011895 four uh people here today
49ic3HEgs3g-00031-00011896-00012199 so i'm just going to launch the poll
49ic3HEgs3g-00032-00012200-00012623 and uh if you have any questions
49ic3HEgs3g-00033-00012624-00012958 uh that you would like to
49ic3HEgs3g-00034-00012959-00013294 ask about please write
49ic3HEgs3g-00035-00013295-00013607 please click on the option you would
49ic3HEgs3g-00036-00013608-00014238 like to discuss
49ic3HEgs3g-00037-00014240-00014783 okay um i'm just going to
49ic3HEgs3g-00038-00014784-00015135 go to the poll uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00039-00015136-00015543 you can click on the option that
49ic3HEgs3g-00040-00015544-00015863 uh you would like to
49ic3HEgs3g-00041-00015863-00016191 uh ask about and
49ic3HEgs3g-00042-00016191-00016535 uh then we can
49ic3HEgs3g-00043-00016536-00016883 focus on that topic more
49ic3HEgs3g-00044-00016884-00017383 um
49ic3HEgs3g-00045-00017384-00017822 so i can't see that
49ic3HEgs3g-00046-00017823-00018127 anybody has clicked on an option at the
49ic3HEgs3g-00047-00018128-00018294 moment
49ic3HEgs3g-00048-00018295-00018647 but if you want to write
49ic3HEgs3g-00049-00018648-00019030 a click on a topic
49ic3HEgs3g-00050-00019031-00019271 or i can just speak about the ielts exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00051-00019272-00019863 if everybody prefers
49ic3HEgs3g-00052-00019864-00020230 okay um let me see
49ic3HEgs3g-00053-00020231-00020575 here so
49ic3HEgs3g-00054-00020576-00020894 uh i still can't see anyone clicking on
49ic3HEgs3g-00055-00020895-00020919 a
49ic3HEgs3g-00056-00020920-00021407 topic so i'll talk about the ielts exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00057-00021408-00021935 and i'll just quickly introduce myself
49ic3HEgs3g-00058-00021936-00022319 so
49ic3HEgs3g-00059-00022320-00022630 and what i may do
49ic3HEgs3g-00060-00022631-00023039 also is just um
49ic3HEgs3g-00061-00023040-00023407 uh launch another poll just to
49ic3HEgs3g-00062-00023408-00023711 check people can hear me clearly so
49ic3HEgs3g-00063-00023712-00024055 can you hear me
49ic3HEgs3g-00064-00024056-00024270 clearly
49ic3HEgs3g-00065-00024271-00024471 [Music]
49ic3HEgs3g-00066-00024472-00024950 yes no
49ic3HEgs3g-00067-00024951-00025519 average okay so
49ic3HEgs3g-00068-00025520-00025839 right i'm just launching another poll um
49ic3HEgs3g-00069-00025839-00026150 and uh so can you hear me
49ic3HEgs3g-00070-00026151-00026567 clearly uh yes no
49ic3HEgs3g-00071-00026568-00026927 or average so
49ic3HEgs3g-00072-00026927-00027295 can you hear me clearly yes
49ic3HEgs3g-00073-00027295-00027655 no or average
49ic3HEgs3g-00074-00027656-00027999 so i think you should
49ic3HEgs3g-00075-00028000-00028318 be able to click on a result on an
49ic3HEgs3g-00076-00028319-00028646 option um and just to
49ic3HEgs3g-00077-00028647-00028983 here make sure
49ic3HEgs3g-00078-00028983-00029483 that you can hear me clearly okay
49ic3HEgs3g-00079-00029483-00029767 um i can't see
49ic3HEgs3g-00080-00029768-00030095 anyone's responding maybe i don't know
49ic3HEgs3g-00081-00030095-00030167 if the
49ic3HEgs3g-00082-00030168-00030551 polls are not showing up properly
49ic3HEgs3g-00083-00030552-00030727 anyway i'll leave that open and then
49ic3HEgs3g-00084-00030727-00031014 maybe some people will respond
49ic3HEgs3g-00085-00031016-00031318 so i can't see any
49ic3HEgs3g-00086-00031319-00031646 messages about the topic so
49ic3HEgs3g-00087-00031647-00031999 what i am maybe going to talk about
49ic3HEgs3g-00088-00032000-00032127 today
49ic3HEgs3g-00089-00032127-00032462 is the ielts exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00090-00032463-00032783 unless people have any preference about
49ic3HEgs3g-00091-00032784-00033079 a different topic
49ic3HEgs3g-00092-00033080-00033455 so the ielts exam uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00093-00033456-00033831 is one of the best
49ic3HEgs3g-00094-00033832-00034295 known english exams in the world
49ic3HEgs3g-00095-00034296-00034599 uh possibly it is uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00096-00034600-00034902 number two after
49ic3HEgs3g-00097-00034903-00035231 the um uh the toefl
49ic3HEgs3g-00098-00035232-00035630 exam which is possibly number two
49ic3HEgs3g-00099-00035631-00035967 um and
49ic3HEgs3g-00100-00035968-00036318 um yes for some reason actually
49ic3HEgs3g-00101-00036319-00036711 the polls are maybe not showing uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00102-00036712-00037174 so i'm not sure the reason for that
49ic3HEgs3g-00103-00037175-00037615 anyway um oh no oh no it is showing
49ic3HEgs3g-00104-00037616-00037927 i can see that uh actually if i i don't
49ic3HEgs3g-00105-00037928-00038007 know if i can
49ic3HEgs3g-00106-00038008-00038359 test that myself anyway uh so
49ic3HEgs3g-00107-00038360-00038551 maybe you've got to view it on a large
49ic3HEgs3g-00108-00038552-00038790 screen to see the poll
49ic3HEgs3g-00109-00038791-00039207 so uh just before i start that
49ic3HEgs3g-00110-00039208-00039551 my name is philip from england uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00111-00039552-00039935 and i have been an english teacher uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00112-00039936-00040279 first starting 25 years ago and
49ic3HEgs3g-00113-00040280-00040599 i'm a uk native speaker
49ic3HEgs3g-00114-00040600-00040846 so i started 25 years ago with breaks
49ic3HEgs3g-00115-00040847-00041062 not continuously
49ic3HEgs3g-00116-00041063-00041430 um and i think you may need to make the
49ic3HEgs3g-00117-00041431-00041487 screen
49ic3HEgs3g-00118-00041488-00041871 large to uh be able to answer the
49ic3HEgs3g-00119-00041872-00042015 questions
49ic3HEgs3g-00120-00042016-00042374 anyway um
49ic3HEgs3g-00121-00042375-00042902 so
49ic3HEgs3g-00122-00042903-00043111 right i'm just going to try something
49ic3HEgs3g-00123-00043112-00043383 else if i um
49ic3HEgs3g-00124-00043384-00043646 say make a question apparently that's
49ic3HEgs3g-00125-00043647-00043767 something else
49ic3HEgs3g-00126-00043768-00044118 another way of broadcasting
49ic3HEgs3g-00127-00044119-00044583 okay anyway um
49ic3HEgs3g-00128-00044584-00044927 so uh i first started teaching the ielts
49ic3HEgs3g-00129-00044928-00045095 exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00130-00045096-00045455 about 14 years ago online
49ic3HEgs3g-00131-00045456-00045711 or a bit over 14 years ago so i'm very
49ic3HEgs3g-00132-00045712-00046087 experienced teaching this exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00133-00046088-00046543 now for the
49ic3HEgs3g-00134-00046544-00046871 for the ielts exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00135-00046872-00047255 there are four sections
49ic3HEgs3g-00136-00047256-00047655 which are reading writing
49ic3HEgs3g-00137-00047656-00048023 speaking and listening um
49ic3HEgs3g-00138-00048024-00048479 and if you are taking the ielts exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00139-00048480-00048783 uh focus on the uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00140-00048784-00049135 areas or area
49ic3HEgs3g-00141-00049136-00049486 that you find most difficult
49ic3HEgs3g-00142-00049487-00049855 however it is a good idea
49ic3HEgs3g-00143-00049856-00050239 to uh try to
49ic3HEgs3g-00144-00050240-00050599 make sure you're doing well in all areas
49ic3HEgs3g-00145-00050600-00050958 of the exam what
49ic3HEgs3g-00146-00050959-00051279 sometimes happens with the
49ic3HEgs3g-00147-00051279-00051646 ielts exam is that students
49ic3HEgs3g-00148-00051647-00051958 will only focus
49ic3HEgs3g-00149-00051959-00052294 on one area
49ic3HEgs3g-00150-00052295-00052735 of the exam or maybe one or two
49ic3HEgs3g-00151-00052736-00053054 and think that they are quite
49ic3HEgs3g-00152-00053055-00053487 confident in the other areas
49ic3HEgs3g-00153-00053488-00053879 but that is a mistake uh perhaps because
49ic3HEgs3g-00154-00053879-00054015 uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00155-00054016-00054366 that will um uh mean that
49ic3HEgs3g-00156-00054367-00054919 you you are you you can pass
49ic3HEgs3g-00157-00054920-00055223 one or two of the or three of the areas
49ic3HEgs3g-00158-00055224-00055391 of the eye of the four areas of the
49ic3HEgs3g-00159-00055391-00055494 ielts
49ic3HEgs3g-00160-00055495-00055847 but then maybe you will fail in one
49ic3HEgs3g-00161-00055848-00056263 section and then possibly have to retake
49ic3HEgs3g-00162-00056264-00056694 the exam again okay
49ic3HEgs3g-00163-00056695-00057038 um so i'm just going to
49ic3HEgs3g-00164-00057039-00057382 try to relaunch the poll that i
49ic3HEgs3g-00165-00057383-00057750 i made to
49ic3HEgs3g-00166-00057751-00057982 check if everyone can hear me clearly
49ic3HEgs3g-00167-00057983-00058063 but you may
49ic3HEgs3g-00168-00058064-00058447 possibly need to be using a
49ic3HEgs3g-00169-00058448-00058838 a a pc or something like that to
49ic3HEgs3g-00170-00058839-00059207 here to see the questions i'm not sure
49ic3HEgs3g-00171-00059208-00059582 um okay so um
49ic3HEgs3g-00172-00059583-00059911 one thing uh i would recommend
49ic3HEgs3g-00173-00059912-00060282 for the ielts exam is try
49ic3HEgs3g-00174-00060283-00060566 to see
49ic3HEgs3g-00175-00060567-00060919 when you are going to ah
49ic3HEgs3g-00176-00060920-00061319 now someone says i can't hear
49ic3HEgs3g-00177-00061320-00061711 well oh okay thanks for that
49ic3HEgs3g-00178-00061712-00062126 um so
49ic3HEgs3g-00179-00062127-00062382 i'm not sure the reason for that mind
49ic3HEgs3g-00180-00062383-00062591 you i was listening to myself
49ic3HEgs3g-00181-00062591-00063423 actually uh and it seemed to be playing
49ic3HEgs3g-00182-00063424-00063719 yes i was listening to myself and i can
49ic3HEgs3g-00183-00063720-00063871 kind of hear myself
49ic3HEgs3g-00184-00063872-00064342 well so that's right how about
49ic3HEgs3g-00185-00064344-00064719 everyone else uh how about everyone else
49ic3HEgs3g-00186-00064720-00064847 so
49ic3HEgs3g-00187-00064848-00065150 um i should be using
49ic3HEgs3g-00188-00065151-00065519 the um my
49ic3HEgs3g-00189-00065520-00065823 regular microphone i think i checked it
49ic3HEgs3g-00190-00065824-00065999 maybe before
49ic3HEgs3g-00191-00066000-00066206 [Music]
49ic3HEgs3g-00192-00066207-00066550 so in bed brought this
49ic3HEgs3g-00193-00066551-00067143 to um
49ic3HEgs3g-00194-00067144-00067535 oh hang on uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00195-00067536-00067726 right so i've just changed it so student
49ic3HEgs3g-00196-00067727-00067847 so people can
49ic3HEgs3g-00197-00067848-00068175 message me directly
49ic3HEgs3g-00198-00068176-00068543 and uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00199-00068544-00068911 so yes so you can now message me
49ic3HEgs3g-00200-00068912-00069271 apparently um
49ic3HEgs3g-00201-00069272-00069663 and okay
49ic3HEgs3g-00202-00069664-00069975 anyway okay thanks for that uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00203-00069976-00070287 so uh i would can everyone
49ic3HEgs3g-00204-00070288-00070543 hear me uh just message me if you do
49ic3HEgs3g-00205-00070544-00070671 have an issue
49ic3HEgs3g-00206-00070672-00070935 but i was listening to my sounds uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00207-00070936-00071287 playing back and it seemed to be clear
49ic3HEgs3g-00208-00071288-00071526 okay anyway i'll assume it's clear i may
49ic3HEgs3g-00209-00071527-00071655 have to
49ic3HEgs3g-00210-00071656-00071847 do another one but i think it's probably
49ic3HEgs3g-00211-00071848-00071975 clear
49ic3HEgs3g-00212-00071976-00072310 as far as i'm aware okay um
49ic3HEgs3g-00213-00072311-00072519 [Music]
49ic3HEgs3g-00214-00072520-00073023 so um for the
49ic3HEgs3g-00215-00073024-00073359 ielts work out
49ic3HEgs3g-00216-00073360-00073871 what grade you need to get
49ic3HEgs3g-00217-00073872-00074199 and how long
49ic3HEgs3g-00218-00074200-00074662 you you have to prepare
49ic3HEgs3g-00219-00074663-00075015 for the uh for the
49ic3HEgs3g-00220-00075016-00075682 exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00221-00075683-00075943 so
49ic3HEgs3g-00222-00075944-00076326 so for the uh exam maybe
49ic3HEgs3g-00223-00076327-00076631 you know if you have six weeks
49ic3HEgs3g-00224-00076632-00077143 and you know that you need to
49ic3HEgs3g-00225-00077144-00077494 prepare for uh all sections
49ic3HEgs3g-00226-00077495-00077823 uh reading writing and so on
49ic3HEgs3g-00227-00077824-00078071 uh and then you find that you're you're
49ic3HEgs3g-00228-00078072-00078303 not doing so well for listening
49ic3HEgs3g-00229-00078304-00078726 uh then uh you can
49ic3HEgs3g-00230-00078727-00079175 try to focus more on that topic
49ic3HEgs3g-00231-00079176-00079694 to try and improve for that
49ic3HEgs3g-00232-00079695-00080038 and try to do regular exams
49ic3HEgs3g-00233-00080039-00080479 for that such as two or three
49ic3HEgs3g-00234-00080480-00080838 or more listening exams every week
49ic3HEgs3g-00235-00080839-00081101 would be good
49ic3HEgs3g-00236-00081102-00081319 [Music]
49ic3HEgs3g-00237-00081320-00081711 okay so now welcome to all the people
49ic3HEgs3g-00238-00081712-00081806 listening
49ic3HEgs3g-00239-00081807-00082175 uh if you have a
49ic3HEgs3g-00240-00082176-00082550 specific topic you would like to ask
49ic3HEgs3g-00241-00082551-00082743 about
49ic3HEgs3g-00242-00082744-00083094 please write the message
49ic3HEgs3g-00243-00083095-00083415 um and somebody
49ic3HEgs3g-00244-00083416-00083599 said they couldn't hear me clearly but i
49ic3HEgs3g-00245-00083600-00083782 listened again and i think it sounded
49ic3HEgs3g-00246-00083783-00083911 fairly clear
49ic3HEgs3g-00247-00083912-00084094 so i'm not sure if it's their connection
49ic3HEgs3g-00248-00084095-00084215 perhaps
49ic3HEgs3g-00249-00084216-00084694 uh anyway i'll see you after okay so
49ic3HEgs3g-00250-00084695-00084999 um in the ielts exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00251-00085000-00085375 there are two different options
49ic3HEgs3g-00252-00085376-00085711 there is the academic
49ic3HEgs3g-00253-00085712-00086079 exam and also there is the
49ic3HEgs3g-00254-00086080-00086391 general exam so
49ic3HEgs3g-00255-00086392-00086882 you will need to make sure you know
49ic3HEgs3g-00256-00086883-00087247 which topic
49ic3HEgs3g-00257-00087248-00087879 of the exam you need to study for
49ic3HEgs3g-00258-00087880-00088311 so for example if you are going to be
49ic3HEgs3g-00259-00088312-00088631 learning at a university
49ic3HEgs3g-00260-00088632-00089015 in the uk you would need the academic
49ic3HEgs3g-00261-00089016-00089311 exam normally or perhaps even 100 of the
49ic3HEgs3g-00262-00089312-00089462 time
49ic3HEgs3g-00263-00089463-00090047 for the registration process
49ic3HEgs3g-00264-00090048-00090391 uh also uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00265-00090392-00090703 for the um uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00266-00090704-00091006 ielts uh you have a choice
49ic3HEgs3g-00267-00091007-00091391 between uh uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00268-00091392-00091743 sorry between paper and computer based
49ic3HEgs3g-00269-00091744-00092111 exams and
49ic3HEgs3g-00270-00092112-00092599 the speaking and the listening um
49ic3HEgs3g-00271-00092600-00092911 not be affected uh as far as aware
49ic3HEgs3g-00272-00092912-00093311 generally speaking now for the
49ic3HEgs3g-00273-00093312-00093694 paper exam you need to write
49ic3HEgs3g-00274-00093695-00094006 on paper they will provide
49ic3HEgs3g-00275-00094007-00094438 um and so you need to think about
49ic3HEgs3g-00276-00094439-00094815 if your handwriting is clear enough
49ic3HEgs3g-00277-00094816-00095135 uh when you are writing um
49ic3HEgs3g-00278-00095136-00095591 for that exam and
49ic3HEgs3g-00279-00095592-00095943 for the reading
49ic3HEgs3g-00280-00095944-00096335 as well it can maybe be more
49ic3HEgs3g-00281-00096336-00096974 convenient if you are
49ic3HEgs3g-00282-00096975-00097391 using paper perhaps so um
49ic3HEgs3g-00283-00097392-00097743 try to have that in mind
49ic3HEgs3g-00284-00097744-00098082 which which one would be easiest
49ic3HEgs3g-00285-00098083-00098382 uh for you although
49ic3HEgs3g-00286-00098383-00098718 maybe people who use computers a lot
49ic3HEgs3g-00287-00098719-00098903 will be happy with the reading exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00288-00098904-00099071 online
49ic3HEgs3g-00289-00099072-00099343 where on a computer where you can scroll
49ic3HEgs3g-00290-00099344-00099479 up and down
49ic3HEgs3g-00291-00099480-00099879 as well between the um
49ic3HEgs3g-00292-00099880-00100238 between the questions okay
49ic3HEgs3g-00293-00100239-00100543 uh i'm just launching a poll at the
49ic3HEgs3g-00294-00100544-00100655 moment
49ic3HEgs3g-00295-00100656-00101031 i'm not sure if that will
49ic3HEgs3g-00296-00101032-00101399 only show on a pc a laptop i'm not sure
49ic3HEgs3g-00297-00101400-00101591 if you can't see the questions about
49ic3HEgs3g-00298-00101592-00101871 what topic you would like to speak about
49ic3HEgs3g-00299-00101872-00102247 anyway um and uh just to say
49ic3HEgs3g-00300-00102248-00102615 also if anybody is interested
49ic3HEgs3g-00301-00102616-00103063 in taking private classes
49ic3HEgs3g-00302-00103064-00103494 there is a link for a free 35
49ic3HEgs3g-00303-00103495-00103839 sorry 30 minute demo um
49ic3HEgs3g-00304-00103840-00104290 and my website is
49ic3HEgs3g-00305-00104291-00104610 onlineenglishteacher.com
49ic3HEgs3g-00306-00104611-00104854 onlineenglishteacher.com
49ic3HEgs3g-00307-00104855-00105263 or also you can go to english
49ic3HEgs3g-00308-00105264-00105623 teacher philip dot com
49ic3HEgs3g-00309-00105624-00105919 which is my name philip from england so
49ic3HEgs3g-00310-00105920-00106199 you can go to either of those websites
49ic3HEgs3g-00311-00106200-00106534 and book a free
49ic3HEgs3g-00312-00106535-00106943 30 30-minute meeting
49ic3HEgs3g-00313-00106944-00107254 about learning english okay so i'll
49ic3HEgs3g-00314-00107255-00107383 carry on
49ic3HEgs3g-00315-00107383-00107695 uh giving advice uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00316-00107696-00108007 about um uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00317-00108008-00108310 the ielts now uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00318-00108311-00108647 for the ielts exam uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00319-00108648-00109007 make sure that uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00320-00109008-00109351 you properly understand
49ic3HEgs3g-00321-00109352-00109686 all the different sections of the
49ic3HEgs3g-00322-00109688-00109999 exam so
49ic3HEgs3g-00323-00110000-00110399 that's maybe very useful for the
49ic3HEgs3g-00324-00110400-00110719 reading exam in
49ic3HEgs3g-00325-00110720-00111127 terms of understanding the questions
49ic3HEgs3g-00326-00111128-00111558 uh uh for the uh exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00327-00111559-00111878 so you do so you can save
49ic3HEgs3g-00328-00111879-00112271 uh thinking time uh in the exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00329-00112272-00112615 okay also
49ic3HEgs3g-00330-00112616-00113086 for the ielts exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00331-00113088-00113558 look for the reading especially
49ic3HEgs3g-00332-00113559-00113975 be careful about the time
49ic3HEgs3g-00333-00113976-00114486 so that you won't run out of time
49ic3HEgs3g-00334-00114488-00114831 when you are doing
49ic3HEgs3g-00335-00114832-00115239 that exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00336-00115240-00115678 okay um and um
49ic3HEgs3g-00337-00115679-00116015 um also for
49ic3HEgs3g-00338-00116016-00116231 if we go back to speaking if we go to
49ic3HEgs3g-00339-00116232-00116415 speaking
49ic3HEgs3g-00340-00116416-00116815 the speaking section last i heard
49ic3HEgs3g-00341-00116816-00117278 was 11 to 14 minutes
49ic3HEgs3g-00342-00117279-00117854 so um
49ic3HEgs3g-00343-00117855-00118263 so for the um uh speaking section
49ic3HEgs3g-00344-00118264-00118566 uh the first section will be
49ic3HEgs3g-00345-00118567-00118910 uh a warm-up uh the
49ic3HEgs3g-00346-00118911-00119439 uh second section will be
49ic3HEgs3g-00347-00119440-00119902 a cue card and the
49ic3HEgs3g-00348-00119903-00120543 third section will be
49ic3HEgs3g-00349-00120544-00120766 and the third section will be follow-up
49ic3HEgs3g-00350-00120767-00120919 questions
49ic3HEgs3g-00351-00120920-00121390 now i'm just seeing if any
49ic3HEgs3g-00352-00121391-00121727 comments have come through um okay
49ic3HEgs3g-00353-00121728-00122014 nothing at the moment so if you have any
49ic3HEgs3g-00354-00122015-00122231 questions you would like to ask
49ic3HEgs3g-00355-00122232-00122566 please try messaging me
49ic3HEgs3g-00356-00122567-00122999 and i will try to answer the questions
49ic3HEgs3g-00357-00123000-00123302 okay
49ic3HEgs3g-00358-00123303-00123654 so uh also uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00359-00123655-00123983 for the ielts exam there are
49ic3HEgs3g-00360-00123983-00124375 many other things you can think about
49ic3HEgs3g-00361-00124376-00124799 not uh specifically about
49ic3HEgs3g-00362-00124800-00125239 not specifically about ielts skill
49ic3HEgs3g-00363-00125240-00125654 so uh for example you can listen you can
49ic3HEgs3g-00364-00125655-00125983 think about having enough sleep before
49ic3HEgs3g-00365-00125983-00126095 the exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00366-00126096-00126502 or having enough food
49ic3HEgs3g-00367-00126503-00126734 the day before and on the day so you're
49ic3HEgs3g-00368-00126735-00126943 not hungry
49ic3HEgs3g-00369-00126944-00127483 so have a have a think about that also
49ic3HEgs3g-00370-00127483-00127807 um uh in the uh for the
49ic3HEgs3g-00371-00127808-00128263 exam uh try to
49ic3HEgs3g-00372-00128264-00128614 stay focused you know the whole time
49ic3HEgs3g-00373-00128615-00128951 it's a very expensive
49ic3HEgs3g-00374-00128952-00129271 exam for many people or quite expensive
49ic3HEgs3g-00375-00129272-00129743 so really you don't want to
49ic3HEgs3g-00376-00129744-00130119 retake the exam if possible
49ic3HEgs3g-00377-00130120-00130431 so uh in the exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00378-00130432-00130734 uh always stay focused
49ic3HEgs3g-00379-00130735-00131078 um and make sure that you are
49ic3HEgs3g-00380-00131079-00131390 not uh you know
49ic3HEgs3g-00381-00131391-00131814 uh not finishing early or maybe
49ic3HEgs3g-00382-00131815-00131983 mishearing the questions and listening
49ic3HEgs3g-00383-00131984-00132119 if you're not
49ic3HEgs3g-00384-00132120-00132375 really focused so you don't want to take
49ic3HEgs3g-00385-00132376-00132471 the exam twice
49ic3HEgs3g-00386-00132472-00132711 if possible now i know that some people
49ic3HEgs3g-00387-00132712-00132911 just want to take a test exam but it's
49ic3HEgs3g-00388-00132912-00133102 maybe quite expensive i think for almost
49ic3HEgs3g-00389-00133103-00133199 all people
49ic3HEgs3g-00390-00133200-00133519 so also for money and time and maybe
49ic3HEgs3g-00391-00133520-00133566 goals
49ic3HEgs3g-00392-00133567-00133839 probably as possibly as well you want to
49ic3HEgs3g-00393-00133840-00134007 try and pass
49ic3HEgs3g-00394-00134008-00134663 the first time for the exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00395-00134664-00134966 okay so uh also
49ic3HEgs3g-00396-00134967-00135431 uh for the ielts exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00397-00135432-00135783 um realize
49ic3HEgs3g-00398-00135784-00136223 that it can take a lot of time
49ic3HEgs3g-00399-00136224-00136527 so you
49ic3HEgs3g-00400-00136528-00136902 want to make sure that
49ic3HEgs3g-00401-00136903-00137207 you're not
49ic3HEgs3g-00402-00137208-00137343 that you have enough time and you have
49ic3HEgs3g-00403-00137344-00137543 enough free time to do
49ic3HEgs3g-00404-00137544-00137999 homework or maybe to
49ic3HEgs3g-00405-00138000-00138302 take classes may well be a good idea
49ic3HEgs3g-00406-00138303-00138695 many instances maybe not 100 if you're
49ic3HEgs3g-00407-00138696-00138878 for example just weak in reading only
49ic3HEgs3g-00408-00138879-00139087 you've already got good english
49ic3HEgs3g-00409-00139088-00139535 and then you can practice by yourself
49ic3HEgs3g-00410-00139536-00139902 okay and
49ic3HEgs3g-00411-00139903-00140271 also when you
49ic3HEgs3g-00412-00140272-00140631 do uh the ielts make sure to check
49ic3HEgs3g-00413-00140632-00140990 your answers as much as possible so
49ic3HEgs3g-00414-00140991-00141302 uh for example for uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00415-00141303-00141607 the um uh writing
49ic3HEgs3g-00416-00141608-00141975 uh try to schedule in time such as
49ic3HEgs3g-00417-00141976-00142239 if possible you know five minutes for
49ic3HEgs3g-00418-00142240-00142311 task two
49ic3HEgs3g-00419-00142312-00142614 and three minutes for task one for
49ic3HEgs3g-00420-00142615-00142839 example for checking at the end
49ic3HEgs3g-00421-00142840-00143143 and then make sure that you
49ic3HEgs3g-00422-00143144-00143575 are checking properly
49ic3HEgs3g-00423-00143576-00143919 because if you don't uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00424-00143920-00144295 check properly then
49ic3HEgs3g-00425-00144296-00144631 you may make some mistakes that
49ic3HEgs3g-00426-00144632-00145063 you could have uh been aware of
49ic3HEgs3g-00427-00145064-00145366 um and uh then uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00428-00145367-00145687 after that um
49ic3HEgs3g-00429-00145688-00146063 you you will um have um
49ic3HEgs3g-00430-00146064-00146263 perhaps even a lower grade if you make
49ic3HEgs3g-00431-00146264-00146383 enough small mistakes
49ic3HEgs3g-00432-00146384-00146735 uh for the exam uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00433-00146736-00147039 for the uh ielts exam
49ic3HEgs3g-00434-00147040-00147423 uh there are uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00435-00147424-00147823 a lot of useful resources online
49ic3HEgs3g-00436-00147824-00148271 uh so check them out check that out and
49ic3HEgs3g-00437-00148272-00148623 see about anything that you would like
49ic3HEgs3g-00438-00148624-00148678 to
49ic3HEgs3g-00439-00148679-00149031 to know about okay i'll just
49ic3HEgs3g-00440-00149032-00149375 very quickly introduce myself again uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00441-00149376-00149702 my name is uh philip from england and
49ic3HEgs3g-00442-00149703-00149839 i've been an english teacher
49ic3HEgs3g-00443-00149840-00150175 first starting uh 25 years ago
49ic3HEgs3g-00444-00150176-00150431 approximately
49ic3HEgs3g-00445-00150432-00150847 i think i first did
49ic3HEgs3g-00446-00150848-00151119 teacher practice classes about 25 years
49ic3HEgs3g-00447-00151120-00151254 ago almost today in fact
49ic3HEgs3g-00448-00151255-00151599 and where i started my teacher course
49ic3HEgs3g-00449-00151600-00151807 over 25 years ago and then i've had
49ic3HEgs3g-00450-00151808-00151919 breaks so
49ic3HEgs3g-00451-00151920-00152199 um and i specialize in the ielts exam if
49ic3HEgs3g-00452-00152200-00152335 you have any
49ic3HEgs3g-00453-00152336-00152623 uh questions i have some free forums and
49ic3HEgs3g-00454-00152624-00152823 if you want some training
49ic3HEgs3g-00455-00152824-00153143 uh which i uh but i cannot they always
49ic3HEgs3g-00456-00153144-00153278 answer all the questions in the furry
49ic3HEgs3g-00457-00153279-00153390 forums
49ic3HEgs3g-00458-00153391-00153607 just depends on free time and so on but
49ic3HEgs3g-00459-00153608-00153799 if you want uh a private training
49ic3HEgs3g-00460-00153800-00154214 you can visit onlineenglishteacher.com
49ic3HEgs3g-00461-00154215-00154599 and there you will be able to
49ic3HEgs3g-00462-00154600-00155023 learn about or book a free
49ic3HEgs3g-00463-00155024-00155343 meeting to discuss paid
49ic3HEgs3g-00464-00155344-00155519 english classes if you're interested in
49ic3HEgs3g-00465-00155520-00155743 that okay
49ic3HEgs3g-00466-00155744-00156190 um so we just got under five minutes
49ic3HEgs3g-00467-00156191-00156263 left
49ic3HEgs3g-00468-00156264-00156566 uh so i hope everyone can hear me
49ic3HEgs3g-00469-00156567-00156663 clearly
49ic3HEgs3g-00470-00156664-00156935 um i will maybe check the audio
49ic3HEgs3g-00471-00156936-00157039 afterwards but
49ic3HEgs3g-00472-00157040-00157302 someone said it wasn't clear but i did
49ic3HEgs3g-00473-00157303-00157478 do a bit of a check and i thought it was
49ic3HEgs3g-00474-00157479-00157614 clear so
49ic3HEgs3g-00475-00157615-00158039 okay um and also
49ic3HEgs3g-00476-00158040-00158511 uh turning back to the ielts exam um
49ic3HEgs3g-00477-00158512-00158839 uh make sure that uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00478-00158840-00159207 uh see a tip i can give for
49ic3HEgs3g-00479-00159208-00159551 the speaking is try not to rush your
49ic3HEgs3g-00480-00159552-00159878 speaking so if you are speaking very
49ic3HEgs3g-00481-00159879-00160335 fast uh maybe uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00482-00160336-00160678 this will show a lack of confidence so
49ic3HEgs3g-00483-00160679-00160975 you don't want to speak uh too fast uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00484-00160976-00161095 in the uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00485-00161096-00161390 exam because maybe this will make uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00486-00161391-00161526 it'll appear
49ic3HEgs3g-00487-00161527-00161790 you're nervous or kind of trying to
49ic3HEgs3g-00488-00161791-00161911 cover up
49ic3HEgs3g-00489-00161912-00162214 your lack of english so
49ic3HEgs3g-00490-00162215-00162463 basically you you know try not try to
49ic3HEgs3g-00491-00162464-00162551 avoid
49ic3HEgs3g-00492-00162552-00162919 that um
49ic3HEgs3g-00493-00162920-00163231 okay um i see we've got about three
49ic3HEgs3g-00494-00163232-00163375 minutes left
49ic3HEgs3g-00495-00163376-00163775 so if anyone has any questions
49ic3HEgs3g-00496-00163776-00164143 uh they would like to ask uh please
49ic3HEgs3g-00497-00164144-00164447 feel welcome to go ahead just in the
49ic3HEgs3g-00498-00164448-00164487 last
49ic3HEgs3g-00499-00164488-00164743 few minutes uh but i will carry on
49ic3HEgs3g-00500-00164744-00164951 giving some more tips
49ic3HEgs3g-00501-00164952-00165335 okay um uh also
49ic3HEgs3g-00502-00165336-00165687 for the um
49ic3HEgs3g-00503-00165688-00166007 ielts exam um
49ic3HEgs3g-00504-00166008-00166319 have a look at uh previous exams
49ic3HEgs3g-00505-00166320-00166575 can be very useful for the speaking and
49ic3HEgs3g-00506-00166576-00166687 writing
49ic3HEgs3g-00507-00166688-00167135 to see the types of questions
49ic3HEgs3g-00508-00167136-00167575 that were in the exam before
49ic3HEgs3g-00509-00167576-00168083 and so that that can be quite useful
49ic3HEgs3g-00510-00168084-00168407 um and uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00511-00168408-00168719 um and by doing that you can
49ic3HEgs3g-00512-00168720-00169023 think about the answers you'll give
49ic3HEgs3g-00513-00169024-00169238 for example for speaking many of the
49ic3HEgs3g-00514-00169239-00169390 questions in the first
49ic3HEgs3g-00515-00169391-00169759 section are very similar
49ic3HEgs3g-00516-00169760-00170038 so they will they will say where are you
49ic3HEgs3g-00517-00170039-00170287 from
49ic3HEgs3g-00518-00170288-00170614 you know and so on um and
49ic3HEgs3g-00519-00170615-00170943 uh that that can help you uh to
49ic3HEgs3g-00520-00170944-00171263 think about the types of
49ic3HEgs3g-00521-00171264-00171566 questions that people
49ic3HEgs3g-00522-00171567-00171943 may be asking
49ic3HEgs3g-00523-00171944-00172254 okay uh we've got about one minute left
49ic3HEgs3g-00524-00172255-00172478 i don't know if anyone has any
49ic3HEgs3g-00525-00172479-00172711 if there are any if i can't if any if
49ic3HEgs3g-00526-00172712-00172926 there is a question from anyone
49ic3HEgs3g-00527-00172927-00173190 rather uh please do go ahead and ask uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00528-00173191-00173311 in the chat
49ic3HEgs3g-00529-00173312-00173743 i apologize if i've missed it um
49ic3HEgs3g-00530-00173744-00174078 and uh okay um
49ic3HEgs3g-00531-00174079-00174335 i don't know if um facebook has some
49ic3HEgs3g-00532-00174336-00174447 sort of like bell
49ic3HEgs3g-00533-00174448-00174726 function like a lot like youtube i think
49ic3HEgs3g-00534-00174727-00174902 you can maybe um
49ic3HEgs3g-00535-00174903-00175247 uh put that setting as well uh in there
49ic3HEgs3g-00536-00175248-00175614 um so there are many other tips
49ic3HEgs3g-00537-00175615-00175823 actually i've written a free ebook as
49ic3HEgs3g-00538-00175824-00175926 well which i
49ic3HEgs3g-00539-00175927-00176359 may be linking to at some point um
49ic3HEgs3g-00540-00176360-00176671 some time back with over 100 tips uh for
49ic3HEgs3g-00541-00176672-00176790 the ielts
49ic3HEgs3g-00542-00176791-00177190 so uh there's about uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00543-00177191-00177438 45 seconds left so i'll just say thank
49ic3HEgs3g-00544-00177439-00177566 you very much
49ic3HEgs3g-00545-00177567-00177983 for watching and my name is uh phillip
49ic3HEgs3g-00546-00177984-00178319 uh from england um and
49ic3HEgs3g-00547-00178320-00178631 if you have uh any uh
49ic3HEgs3g-00548-00178632-00178990 questions you would like to ask
49ic3HEgs3g-00549-00178991-00179319 you know you can reply to the video
49ic3HEgs3g-00550-00179320-00179590 and if you're interested in pay classes
49ic3HEgs3g-00551-00179591-00179711 i offer
49ic3HEgs3g-00552-00179712-00180131 one-to-one you can visit
49ic3HEgs3g-00553-00180132-00180359 onlineenglishteacher.com
49ic3HEgs3g-00554-00180360-00180663 okay so uh thank you very much
49ic3HEgs3g-00555-00180664-00180878 again uh everyone who has listened or
49ic3HEgs3g-00556-00180879-00180990 will listen
49ic3HEgs3g-00557-00180991-00181302 um and uh i wish
49ic3HEgs3g-00558-00181303-00181751 everyone a great day and um
49ic3HEgs3g-00559-00181752-00182119 um and speak and see you again
49ic3HEgs3g-00560-00182120-00182471 metaphorically on
49ic3HEgs3g-00561-00182472-00182711 facebook soon hopefully thanks a lot
49ic3HEgs3g-00562-00182712-00183520 have a great day bye
49NR_t1zf8u-00000-00000152-00000390 watchmen understand
49NR_t1zf8u-00001-00000391-00000790 birthing watchmen understand
49NR_t1zf8u-00002-00000791-00001143 the times and the seasons and so i
49NR_t1zf8u-00003-00001144-00001207 believe that
49NR_t1zf8u-00004-00001208-00001447 tonight as as when we pray i believe
49NR_t1zf8u-00005-00001448-00001535 that there's going to be
49NR_t1zf8u-00006-00001536-00001847 a release upon your life to be
49NR_t1zf8u-00007-00001848-00002126 to be of the tribe of issachar that
49NR_t1zf8u-00008-00002127-00002207 watchman
49NR_t1zf8u-00009-00002208-00002526 prophet the ability to know the times
49NR_t1zf8u-00010-00002527-00002855 and know what to do see we've been
49NR_t1zf8u-00011-00002856-00002999 around the prophetic for we've been
49NR_t1zf8u-00012-00003000-00003383 here in florida now 35 years and
49NR_t1zf8u-00013-00003384-00003583 uh we've heard a lot of prophetic words
49NR_t1zf8u-00014-00003584-00003719 we've heard a lot of really powerful
49NR_t1zf8u-00015-00003720-00003927 prophetic words
49NR_t1zf8u-00016-00003928-00004175 but understand this is that a prophetic
49NR_t1zf8u-00017-00004176-00004270 word can come
49NR_t1zf8u-00018-00004271-00004559 and go and not impact your life because
49NR_t1zf8u-00019-00004560-00004775 you've never aligned to it
49NR_t1zf8u-00020-00004776-00005047 you've never activated your faith you've
49NR_t1zf8u-00021-00005048-00005102 never
49NR_t1zf8u-00022-00005103-00005318 come into agreement and mixed faith with
49NR_t1zf8u-00023-00005319-00005502 that prophetic word and i'm speaking of
49NR_t1zf8u-00024-00005503-00005702 this over us individually but i'm also
49NR_t1zf8u-00025-00005703-00005870 speaking us corporately
49NR_t1zf8u-00026-00005871-00006446 we cannot assume that our nation
49NR_t1zf8u-00027-00006447-00006623 that the contending over our nation is
49NR_t1zf8u-00028-00006623-00006991 done
49NR_t1zf8u-00029-00006992-00007278 we cannot assume that our appeal to
49NR_t1zf8u-00030-00007279-00007327 heaven
49NR_t1zf8u-00031-00007328-00007655 is over as a matter of fact i feel like
49NR_t1zf8u-00032-00007656-00007798 we're coming into one of the greatest
49NR_t1zf8u-00033-00007800-00007878 seasons
49NR_t1zf8u-00034-00007879-00008087 of contending one of the greatest
49NR_t1zf8u-00035-00008088-00008246 seasons of pressing
49NR_t1zf8u-00036-00008247-00008478 one of the greatest seasons of appealing
49NR_t1zf8u-00037-00008479-00008567 to heaven
49NR_t1zf8u-00038-00008568-00008774 for the changing of our nation this is
49NR_t1zf8u-00039-00008775-00008974 no time to draw back this is no time to
49NR_t1zf8u-00040-00008975-00009063 get weary
49NR_t1zf8u-00041-00009064-00009367 and well doing this is no time to
49NR_t1zf8u-00042-00009368-00009551 say we'll let somebody else carry it
49NR_t1zf8u-00043-00009552-00009695 every single one of us are going to have
49NR_t1zf8u-00044-00009696-00009910 to carry our part
49NR_t1zf8u-00045-00009911-00010006 we're gonna have to be willing to
49NR_t1zf8u-00046-00010007-00010231 contend to war warfare
49NR_t1zf8u-00047-00010232-00010455 to war with the prophetic words to say
49NR_t1zf8u-00048-00010456-00010871 what god has said
49NR_t1zf8u-00049-00010872-00011191 years ago i um was in an early morning
49NR_t1zf8u-00050-00011192-00011399 time of prayer at our church
49NR_t1zf8u-00051-00011400-00011695 and the lord spoke to me and said the
49NR_t1zf8u-00052-00011696-00011767 earth
49NR_t1zf8u-00053-00011768-00012055 has just entered a tipping point moment
49NR_t1zf8u-00054-00012056-00012287 and interestingly i had been preaching
49NR_t1zf8u-00055-00012288-00012535 the first two sundays of that year the
49NR_t1zf8u-00056-00012536-00012703 lord said i'm getting ready to deal with
49NR_t1zf8u-00057-00012704-00012863 the spirit of egypt
49NR_t1zf8u-00058-00012863-00013079 now hearing that as a prophet i began to
49NR_t1zf8u-00059-00013080-00013230 go in and study that
49NR_t1zf8u-00060-00013231-00013479 to somehow apply it to the people of god
49NR_t1zf8u-00061-00013480-00013703 that i was ministering to in our church
49NR_t1zf8u-00062-00013704-00013919 okay but when the lord said i'm dealing
49NR_t1zf8u-00063-00013919-00014071 with the spirit of egypt i studied that
49NR_t1zf8u-00064-00014072-00014166 out i understood
49NR_t1zf8u-00065-00014168-00014366 what was behind that that spirit and i
49NR_t1zf8u-00066-00014368-00014558 had been speaking on it to our church
49NR_t1zf8u-00067-00014559-00014711 but that morning the lord said i'm
49NR_t1zf8u-00068-00014712-00014903 bringing the earth into a tipping point
49NR_t1zf8u-00069-00014904-00015015 moment
49NR_t1zf8u-00070-00015016-00015158 and it's going to depend on how my
49NR_t1zf8u-00071-00015159-00015383 people position themselves and how my
49NR_t1zf8u-00072-00015384-00015494 people pray
49NR_t1zf8u-00073-00015495-00015894 which way it's going to tip
49NR_t1zf8u-00074-00015895-00016047 now we probably all understand the
49NR_t1zf8u-00075-00016047-00016263 concept of tipping point
49NR_t1zf8u-00076-00016263-00016479 right it's like if i had a bottle of
49NR_t1zf8u-00077-00016480-00016639 water up here and i just pushed it
49NR_t1zf8u-00078-00016640-00016830 it's going to hit a point where i can
49NR_t1zf8u-00079-00016831-00016950 stop pushing because it's just going to
49NR_t1zf8u-00080-00016951-00016999 fall
49NR_t1zf8u-00081-00017000-00017350 right so as i was sharing this in our
49NR_t1zf8u-00082-00017351-00017567 our our group of intercessors i had this
49NR_t1zf8u-00083-00017568-00017758 this man that was in my group
49NR_t1zf8u-00084-00017759-00018207 that worked for um cisco
49NR_t1zf8u-00085-00018208-00018439 you know big technology company and i
49NR_t1zf8u-00086-00018440-00018599 made the mistake one day of saying
49NR_t1zf8u-00087-00018600-00019119 mike what exactly do you do
49NR_t1zf8u-00088-00019120-00019271 it sounded like y'all remember charlie
49NR_t1zf8u-00089-00019272-00019479 brown's mother well
49NR_t1zf8u-00090-00019480-00019607 i didn't understand anything that he
49NR_t1zf8u-00091-00019608-00019935 said okay so he's like some big computer
49NR_t1zf8u-00092-00019936-00019975 geek
49NR_t1zf8u-00093-00019976-00020183 genius and so whenever the lord would
49NR_t1zf8u-00094-00020184-00020311 speak something to me i would i would
49NR_t1zf8u-00095-00020312-00020407 share it with him
49NR_t1zf8u-00096-00020408-00020519 and he would give me a different
49NR_t1zf8u-00097-00020520-00020783 perspective on it and he said
49NR_t1zf8u-00098-00020784-00020943 he said this is what tipping point looks
49NR_t1zf8u-00099-00020944-00021158 like he said if we were to go out and
49NR_t1zf8u-00100-00021159-00021335 lift something really really
49NR_t1zf8u-00101-00021336-00021567 heavy he said this is what we would do
49NR_t1zf8u-00102-00021568-00021735 he said we would get like if we're going
49NR_t1zf8u-00103-00021736-00021927 to go out and say we want to roll a car
49NR_t1zf8u-00104-00021928-00022086 over i'm like mike you're scaring me
49NR_t1zf8u-00105-00022087-00022230 okay but
49NR_t1zf8u-00106-00022231-00022375 he said if we wanted to like tip a car
49NR_t1zf8u-00107-00022376-00022503 over what we'd have to do is we'd have
49NR_t1zf8u-00108-00022504-00022630 to get under it
49NR_t1zf8u-00109-00022631-00022950 and we would have to lift
49NR_t1zf8u-00110-00022951-00023191 and we would have to lift until a
49NR_t1zf8u-00111-00023192-00023303 certain point
49NR_t1zf8u-00112-00023304-00023878 where we would have to shift
49NR_t1zf8u-00113-00023879-00024263 and then you have to push
49NR_t1zf8u-00114-00024264-00024758 until a point where
49NR_t1zf8u-00115-00024759-00025022 that heavy object reaches a point where
49NR_t1zf8u-00116-00025023-00025230 one of two things is going to happen
49NR_t1zf8u-00117-00025231-00025527 either you keep pushing a little harder
49NR_t1zf8u-00118-00025528-00025718 so it will tip
49NR_t1zf8u-00119-00025719-00026087 or it's going to come back on top of you
49NR_t1zf8u-00120-00026088-00026279 i think the church is in that point i
49NR_t1zf8u-00121-00026280-00026551 think our nation is in that point
49NR_t1zf8u-00122-00026552-00026743 we've lifted it we've been shifting
49NR_t1zf8u-00123-00026744-00026879 we've lifted through prayer we've
49NR_t1zf8u-00124-00026880-00027055 shifted through prophetic decrees
49NR_t1zf8u-00125-00027056-00027343 we've been shifting by by prophetic acts
49NR_t1zf8u-00126-00027344-00027399 we've been
49NR_t1zf8u-00127-00027400-00027655 pushing in the spirit but i'm telling
49NR_t1zf8u-00128-00027656-00027774 you we are at a
49NR_t1zf8u-00129-00027775-00028270 critical point in time
49NR_t1zf8u-00130-00028272-00028479 we're at a critical point in time but
49NR_t1zf8u-00131-00028480-00028702 understand this
49NR_t1zf8u-00132-00028704-00028983 at the tipping point something amazing
49NR_t1zf8u-00133-00028983-00029111 happens
49NR_t1zf8u-00134-00029112-00029287 if you push until it hits the tipping
49NR_t1zf8u-00135-00029288-00029567 point something happens
49NR_t1zf8u-00136-00029568-00029902 suddenly everything that has been
49NR_t1zf8u-00137-00029904-00029967 working
49NR_t1zf8u-00138-00029968-00030614 against you begins to work for you
49NR_t1zf8u-00139-00030616-00030799 up until that point gravity's working
49NR_t1zf8u-00140-00030800-00031039 against you but at the tipping point
49NR_t1zf8u-00141-00031039-00031158 something happens
49NR_t1zf8u-00142-00031160-00031343 and the gravity that has worked against
49NR_t1zf8u-00143-00031344-00031631 you suddenly begins to work for you
49NR_t1zf8u-00144-00031632-00031774 i tell you i believe that we're in a
49NR_t1zf8u-00145-00031775-00031990 tipping point season right now
49NR_t1zf8u-00146-00031991-00032151 in the church i believe we're at a
49NR_t1zf8u-00147-00032152-00032335 tipping point season in this state
49NR_t1zf8u-00148-00032336-00032487 i believe that we're at a tipping point
49NR_t1zf8u-00149-00032488-00032655 season in this nation
49NR_t1zf8u-00150-00032656-00032815 and i believe that we cannot afford to
49NR_t1zf8u-00151-00032816-00033079 lose focus about what god's called us to
49NR_t1zf8u-00152-00033080-00033223 do
49NR_t1zf8u-00153-00033224-00033671 watchmen have become weary
49NR_t1zf8u-00154-00033672-00033879 come on nothing happens unless god
49NR_t1zf8u-00155-00033880-00033990 mobilizes
49NR_t1zf8u-00156-00033991-00034351 his people to pray god is looking
49NR_t1zf8u-00157-00034352-00034471 a lot of times we're saying oh my
49NR_t1zf8u-00158-00034472-00034662 goodness you know this one's doing that
49NR_t1zf8u-00159-00034663-00034751 and this one's doing that
49NR_t1zf8u-00160-00034752-00034990 it should motivate us to pray if you get
49NR_t1zf8u-00161-00034991-00035159 frustrated by watching the news because
49NR_t1zf8u-00162-00035160-00035311 i personally think the world has gone
49NR_t1zf8u-00163-00035312-00035374 crazy
49NR_t1zf8u-00164-00035375-00035718 we need to let it motivate us to pray
49NR_t1zf8u-00165-00035719-00036007 amen and god has assembled tonight a
49NR_t1zf8u-00166-00036008-00036151 group of watchmen
49NR_t1zf8u-00167-00036152-00036335 that i'm going to pray for you tonight
49NR_t1zf8u-00168-00036336-00036502 that god's going to kick you up to a
49NR_t1zf8u-00169-00036503-00036599 whole new level
49NR_t1zf8u-00170-00036600-00036799 of being able to see in the spirit of
49NR_t1zf8u-00171-00036800-00036999 being able to operate in revelation
49NR_t1zf8u-00172-00037000-00037246 of being able to to grab ahold of
49NR_t1zf8u-00173-00037247-00037359 heaven's decrees
49NR_t1zf8u-00174-00037360-00037567 and understand what god is saying
49NR_t1zf8u-00175-00037568-00037687 because i believe that there's a whole
49NR_t1zf8u-00176-00037688-00037883 new prophetic download that god wants to
49NR_t1zf8u-00177-00037884-00038062 bring
49NR_t1zf8u-00178-00038063-00038295 you know there's several different words
49NR_t1zf8u-00179-00038296-00038374 that are
49NR_t1zf8u-00180-00038375-00038815 seen in scripture that that talk about
49NR_t1zf8u-00181-00038816-00039127 or indicate the prophetic anointing now
49NR_t1zf8u-00182-00039128-00039311 the apostles and the prophets we have to
49NR_t1zf8u-00183-00039312-00039511 understand are the foundation of the
49NR_t1zf8u-00184-00039512-00039559 church
49NR_t1zf8u-00185-00039560-00039735 jesus christ himself the chief
49NR_t1zf8u-00186-00039736-00039895 cornerstone ephesians 2 20
49NR_t1zf8u-00187-00039896-00040143 right but there is something that we've
49NR_t1zf8u-00188-00040144-00040239 got to understand
49NR_t1zf8u-00189-00040240-00040543 is that apostles without prophets can't
49NR_t1zf8u-00190-00040544-00040702 function efficiently
49NR_t1zf8u-00191-00040703-00041095 prophets without apostles get weird
49NR_t1zf8u-00192-00041096-00041246 can i just say weird because i mean
49NR_t1zf8u-00193-00041247-00041407 we've been in this thing for a long time
49NR_t1zf8u-00194-00041408-00041567 okay
49NR_t1zf8u-00195-00041568-00041695 look at your neighbor and say don't be
49NR_t1zf8u-00196-00041696-00041999 weird okay
49NR_t1zf8u-00197-00042000-00042287 i've seen more weird pathetic not
49NR_t1zf8u-00198-00042288-00042487 prophetic things come out of
49NR_t1zf8u-00199-00042488-00042639 the the central and south part of
49NR_t1zf8u-00200-00042640-00042783 florida i believe that there's a
49NR_t1zf8u-00201-00042784-00042895 turnaround coming
49NR_t1zf8u-00202-00042896-00043087 for this state that there's going to be
49NR_t1zf8u-00203-00043088-00043246 some of the most powerful prophetic
49NR_t1zf8u-00204-00043247-00043455 voices that god's going to raise up
49NR_t1zf8u-00205-00043456-00043639 not just from north florida but i
49NR_t1zf8u-00206-00043640-00043790 believe from central and south florida
49NR_t1zf8u-00207-00043791-00043999 god's going to raise up some strong
49NR_t1zf8u-00208-00044000-00044262 integris powerful prophetic voices that
49NR_t1zf8u-00209-00044263-00044430 god wants to release into this state
49NR_t1zf8u-00210-00044431-00044543 because that's going to take people
49NR_t1zf8u-00211-00044544-00044623 prophesying
49NR_t1zf8u-00212-00044624-00044846 on every level in this state to make
49NR_t1zf8u-00213-00044847-00045135 sure our state aligns
49NR_t1zf8u-00214-00045136-00045462 four dimensions in scripture one is
49NR_t1zf8u-00215-00045463-00045815 the row a prophet it's it's translated
49NR_t1zf8u-00216-00045816-00046262 seer r-o-e-h it's translated seer
49NR_t1zf8u-00217-00046263-00046527 these are the seer prophets okay they
49NR_t1zf8u-00218-00046528-00046702 tend to have lots of visions it's very
49NR_t1zf8u-00219-00046703-00046774 much like a
49NR_t1zf8u-00220-00046775-00047079 chose a prophet c-h-o-z-e-h
49NR_t1zf8u-00221-00047080-00047390 jose is a seer of visions how many here
49NR_t1zf8u-00222-00047391-00047711 are seers of visions
49NR_t1zf8u-00223-00047712-00047902 in case you don't know a vision is just
49NR_t1zf8u-00224-00047903-00048135 god speaking to you in a picture form
49NR_t1zf8u-00225-00048136-00048302 you don't have to get caught in a trance
49NR_t1zf8u-00226-00048303-00048462 you don't have to have out-of-body
49NR_t1zf8u-00227-00048463-00048583 experiences you don't have to have any
49NR_t1zf8u-00228-00048584-00048743 of that it's just god communicating how
49NR_t1zf8u-00229-00048744-00048918 many are how many see visions
49NR_t1zf8u-00230-00048919-00049311 how many dream dreams
49NR_t1zf8u-00231-00049312-00049462 see i think that god's going to really
49NR_t1zf8u-00232-00049463-00049655 activate a very strong seer prophet
49NR_t1zf8u-00233-00049656-00049871 anointing here
49NR_t1zf8u-00234-00049872-00050246 that's good news and bad news
49NR_t1zf8u-00235-00050247-00050558 see your prophets
49NR_t1zf8u-00236-00050559-00050686 have some of the most powerful
49NR_t1zf8u-00237-00050687-00050839 revelation i actually am a senior
49NR_t1zf8u-00238-00050840-00050999 prophet that was trained
49NR_t1zf8u-00239-00051000-00051319 in a nobby prophet camp so i'm a senior
49NR_t1zf8u-00240-00051320-00051382 prophet
49NR_t1zf8u-00241-00051383-00051535 and i will tell you i'll explain that
49NR_t1zf8u-00242-00051536-00051719 second word in a second but a seer
49NR_t1zf8u-00243-00051720-00051790 prophet
49NR_t1zf8u-00244-00051791-00051935 sees visions but here's what we've got
49NR_t1zf8u-00245-00051936-00052111 to do we've got to pray that god will
49NR_t1zf8u-00246-00052112-00052479 sanctify our imagination
49NR_t1zf8u-00247-00052479-00052615 okay just lay your hands on your head
49NR_t1zf8u-00248-00052616-00052735 right now father i just thank you god
49NR_t1zf8u-00249-00052736-00052942 that you're sanctifying our imaginations
49NR_t1zf8u-00250-00052944-00053150 so that what we see what we hear what we
49NR_t1zf8u-00251-00053151-00053303 receive from heaven father god
49NR_t1zf8u-00252-00053304-00053599 will be clear revelation a chose a uh
49NR_t1zf8u-00253-00053600-00053799 revelation father as you speak to us in
49NR_t1zf8u-00254-00053800-00053926 dreams and visions
49NR_t1zf8u-00255-00053927-00054315 in jesus name amen the knobby prophets
49NR_t1zf8u-00256-00054316-00054503 nabi
49NR_t1zf8u-00257-00054504-00054799 is how god called prophets for the first
49NR_t1zf8u-00258-00054800-00054975 half of the old testament
49NR_t1zf8u-00259-00054976-00055342 knobby literally means to bubble up
49NR_t1zf8u-00260-00055344-00055647 to bubble up so my father-in-law who
49NR_t1zf8u-00261-00055648-00055791 bishop bill hammond who is considered to
49NR_t1zf8u-00262-00055791-00055959 be the father of the modern prophetic
49NR_t1zf8u-00263-00055960-00056038 movement
49NR_t1zf8u-00264-00056039-00056342 is a knobby prophet some people
49NR_t1zf8u-00265-00056344-00056463 pronounce it na bye
49NR_t1zf8u-00266-00056464-00056615 okay i don't know which one is right
49NR_t1zf8u-00267-00056616-00056766 nobody not i okay
49NR_t1zf8u-00268-00056767-00056999 but these are prophets that lay their
49NR_t1zf8u-00269-00057000-00057079 hands on you
49NR_t1zf8u-00270-00057079-00057238 and the spirit of god bubbles up they
49NR_t1zf8u-00271-00057239-00057463 don't see visions they don't have dreams
49NR_t1zf8u-00272-00057464-00057638 bishop hammond rarely has a dream he
49NR_t1zf8u-00273-00057639-00057847 rarely has a vision but i will tell you
49NR_t1zf8u-00274-00057848-00058079 that he trained a company of prophets
49NR_t1zf8u-00275-00058079-00058263 to operate by faith how many understand
49NR_t1zf8u-00276-00058264-00058391 that we prophesy by
49NR_t1zf8u-00277-00058391-00058654 faith and so what he trained us to do is
49NR_t1zf8u-00278-00058655-00058815 when we lay our hands on somebody
49NR_t1zf8u-00279-00058816-00058966 we lay our hands on and we say and the
49NR_t1zf8u-00280-00058967-00059142 lord says and we don't know what's
49NR_t1zf8u-00281-00059144-00059391 coming next it just bubbles up
49NR_t1zf8u-00282-00059391-00059526 how many have seen that that gift
49NR_t1zf8u-00283-00059527-00059807 function amen and so there's a knob
49NR_t1zf8u-00284-00059808-00060054 knobby or not by prophet a row a seer
49NR_t1zf8u-00285-00060055-00060119 prophet
49NR_t1zf8u-00286-00060120-00060375 a chose a prophet that's a seer of
49NR_t1zf8u-00287-00060376-00060454 visions
49NR_t1zf8u-00288-00060455-00061059 and then there is a shamar prophet
49NR_t1zf8u-00289-00061060-00061311 s-h-a-m-a-r a shamar
49NR_t1zf8u-00290-00061312-00061742 prophet is a watchman prophet
49NR_t1zf8u-00291-00061744-00061926 which i think i felt like the lord said
49NR_t1zf8u-00292-00061927-00062063 i am assembling
49NR_t1zf8u-00293-00062064-00062303 a gathering of watchmen prophets this
49NR_t1zf8u-00294-00062304-00062750 weekend
49NR_t1zf8u-00295-00062751-00063079 okay so look around the room
49NR_t1zf8u-00296-00063079-00063199 because these are the people that are on
49NR_t1zf8u-00297-00063200-00063415 the wall with you
49NR_t1zf8u-00298-00063416-00063599 in the old testament they would position
49NR_t1zf8u-00299-00063600-00063759 watchmen in two different places they
49NR_t1zf8u-00300-00063760-00063942 would position them
49NR_t1zf8u-00301-00063944-00064142 on the top of a hill so they could
49NR_t1zf8u-00302-00064144-00064359 oversee the harvest
49NR_t1zf8u-00303-00064360-00064511 come on help me believe that there's one
49NR_t1zf8u-00304-00064512-00064679 of the greatest harvests of souls one of
49NR_t1zf8u-00305-00064679-00064806 the greatest awakenings
49NR_t1zf8u-00306-00064807-00065047 the send happened right here in the i-4
49NR_t1zf8u-00307-00065048-00065119 corridor
49NR_t1zf8u-00308-00065120-00065447 i believe that's very significant
49NR_t1zf8u-00309-00065448-00065606 and they positioned the watchmen on the
49NR_t1zf8u-00310-00065607-00065799 walls and the watchmen would look into
49NR_t1zf8u-00311-00065800-00065926 the distance
49NR_t1zf8u-00312-00065927-00066223 and they would see who was coming is it
49NR_t1zf8u-00313-00066224-00066335 a messenger
49NR_t1zf8u-00314-00066336-00066735 or is it an enemy army that's coming
49NR_t1zf8u-00315-00066736-00067031 and the watchmen knew how to sound the
49NR_t1zf8u-00316-00067032-00067271 alarm
49NR_t1zf8u-00317-00067272-00067438 and i believe that the enemy has worked
49NR_t1zf8u-00318-00067439-00067615 overtime to try to shut
49NR_t1zf8u-00319-00067616-00068031 the voice of god's samar prophets
49NR_t1zf8u-00320-00068032-00068343 over this last season of time because
49NR_t1zf8u-00321-00068344-00068535 let's just be honest there were some
49NR_t1zf8u-00322-00068536-00068791 crazy people out there that gave it a
49NR_t1zf8u-00323-00068792-00069031 bad name
49NR_t1zf8u-00324-00069032-00069238 i picked up dutch's book on the watchman
49NR_t1zf8u-00325-00069239-00069343 again written
49NR_t1zf8u-00326-00069344-00069559 a long time ago but i'm telling you
49NR_t1zf8u-00327-00069560-00069694 there's a revival
49NR_t1zf8u-00328-00069695-00069935 of the samar prophet anointing that god
49NR_t1zf8u-00329-00069936-00070119 wants to raise up and i believe he's
49NR_t1zf8u-00330-00070120-00070438 he he's breathing over this florida area
49NR_t1zf8u-00331-00070439-00070647 and saying i want in this forerunner
49NR_t1zf8u-00332-00070648-00070767 state i want
49NR_t1zf8u-00333-00070768-00071047 watchmen prophets to arise to know how
49NR_t1zf8u-00334-00071048-00071191 to pull from heaven
49NR_t1zf8u-00335-00071192-00071391 god's governmental authority god's
49NR_t1zf8u-00336-00071392-00071543 communication
49NR_t1zf8u-00337-00071544-00071879 patterns god's design god's uh god's
49NR_t1zf8u-00338-00071880-00071950 alignment
49NR_t1zf8u-00339-00071951-00072103 and that the watchman prophets are going
49NR_t1zf8u-00340-00072104-00072303 to pull it from heaven and sound the
49NR_t1zf8u-00341-00072304-00072375 alarm
49NR_t1zf8u-00342-00072376-00072824 so that the troops can rally
49P8MdWl6Ry-00000-00000032-00000342 our next speaker is lily morse whose
49P8MdWl6Ry-00001-00000343-00000574 presentation will address the title
49P8MdWl6Ry-00002-00000575-00000847 exposing fraud vulnerabilities in client
49P8MdWl6Ry-00003-00000848-00001199 auditor relationships
49P8MdWl6Ry-00004-00001200-00001399 okay so i like to begin by asking
49P8MdWl6Ry-00005-00001400-00001574 everybody to take a look at the picture
49P8MdWl6Ry-00006-00001575-00001734 frame on the left
49P8MdWl6Ry-00007-00001735-00001926 and in this empty picture frame i like
49P8MdWl6Ry-00008-00001927-00002095 you to imagine the face of somebody that
49P8MdWl6Ry-00009-00002096-00002247 you know well
49P8MdWl6Ry-00010-00002248-00002510 this could be the face of a friend maybe
49P8MdWl6Ry-00011-00002511-00002702 not a best friend but somebody that
49P8MdWl6Ry-00012-00002703-00002910 you're familiar with that you trust and
49P8MdWl6Ry-00013-00002911-00003175 that you've known for a period of time
49P8MdWl6Ry-00014-00003176-00003295 and while you're thinking about this
49P8MdWl6Ry-00015-00003296-00003447 person i want you to think about what
49P8MdWl6Ry-00016-00003447-00003575 you would be willing to do for this
49P8MdWl6Ry-00017-00003576-00003703 person
49P8MdWl6Ry-00018-00003704-00003870 would you be willing to engage in bad
49P8MdWl6Ry-00019-00003871-00004119 behavior potentially illegal behavior in
49P8MdWl6Ry-00020-00004120-00004335 order to help this person out
49P8MdWl6Ry-00021-00004336-00004454 do you think that this person would be
49P8MdWl6Ry-00022-00004455-00004702 willing to do the same for you
49P8MdWl6Ry-00023-00004703-00004838 and while we're asking ourselves these
49P8MdWl6Ry-00024-00004839-00005047 questions i like to apply them to a
49P8MdWl6Ry-00025-00005048-00005191 context in which they're particularly
49P8MdWl6Ry-00026-00005192-00005286 relevant
49P8MdWl6Ry-00027-00005287-00005422 accounting
49P8MdWl6Ry-00028-00005423-00005599 so i'd like to direct your attention to
49P8MdWl6Ry-00029-00005600-00005806 the picture on the right on the right
49P8MdWl6Ry-00030-00005807-00006038 you see ken hanna who is chair of the
49P8MdWl6Ry-00031-00006039-00006254 audit committee at tesco for those of
49P8MdWl6Ry-00032-00006255-00006414 you who are unaware tesco was a
49P8MdWl6Ry-00033-00006415-00006606 multinational grocery chain based in
49P8MdWl6Ry-00034-00006608-00006710 england
49P8MdWl6Ry-00035-00006711-00006895 and what's interesting about kentana and
49P8MdWl6Ry-00036-00006895-00007142 tesco is that last fall they were
49P8MdWl6Ry-00037-00007143-00007406 involved in an accounting scandal and
49P8MdWl6Ry-00038-00007408-00007559 the count example was that they found
49P8MdWl6Ry-00039-00007559-00007783 that they had tesco had over reported
49P8MdWl6Ry-00040-00007784-00008019 their financial income for the year by
49P8MdWl6Ry-00041-00008020-00008303 391 million dollars
49P8MdWl6Ry-00042-00008304-00008439 and so when we hear about accounting
49P8MdWl6Ry-00043-00008440-00008631 scandals like these in the media we
49P8MdWl6Ry-00044-00008632-00008831 might ask ourselves what leads these
49P8MdWl6Ry-00045-00008832-00009007 companies and people like kent hanna to
49P8MdWl6Ry-00046-00009008-00009174 engage in this sort of behavior known as
49P8MdWl6Ry-00047-00009175-00009383 financial statement fraud
49P8MdWl6Ry-00048-00009384-00009574 and what my research does is it attempts
49P8MdWl6Ry-00049-00009575-00009727 to answer this question by looking at
49P8MdWl6Ry-00050-00009728-00009919 the relationships that these companies
49P8MdWl6Ry-00051-00009920-00010110 people like can hannah have with the
49P8MdWl6Ry-00052-00010111-00010239 people who review their income
49P8MdWl6Ry-00053-00010240-00010527 statements known as independent auditors
49P8MdWl6Ry-00054-00010528-00010767 and so what i do is i bring participants
49P8MdWl6Ry-00055-00010768-00011023 into the lab and i sign them to the role
49P8MdWl6Ry-00056-00011024-00011238 of either a company manager or a
49P8MdWl6Ry-00057-00011239-00011495 reviewer an auditor and what the company
49P8MdWl6Ry-00058-00011496-00011751 manager does is um he or she prepares a
49P8MdWl6Ry-00059-00011752-00011903 financial statement
49P8MdWl6Ry-00060-00011904-00012110 and the auditor reviews these financial
49P8MdWl6Ry-00061-00012111-00012359 statements for accuracy
49P8MdWl6Ry-00062-00012360-00012567 and so what i do is i have the managers
49P8MdWl6Ry-00063-00012568-00012871 um compete complete this task across two
49P8MdWl6Ry-00064-00012872-00013086 conditions the first they're interacting
49P8MdWl6Ry-00065-00013087-00013294 with an auditor who is a friend and the
49P8MdWl6Ry-00066-00013295-00013415 second they're interacting with an
49P8MdWl6Ry-00067-00013416-00013622 author who is a stranger
49P8MdWl6Ry-00068-00013623-00013822 and what i find is that
49P8MdWl6Ry-00069-00013823-00013983 managers when interacting with an
49P8MdWl6Ry-00070-00013984-00014143 auditor who managers are much more
49P8MdWl6Ry-00071-00014144-00014343 likely to cheat are over reported their
49P8MdWl6Ry-00072-00014344-00014455 financial statements when they're
49P8MdWl6Ry-00073-00014456-00014591 interacting with an auditor who is a
49P8MdWl6Ry-00074-00014591-00014799 friend compared to interacting with an
49P8MdWl6Ry-00075-00014800-00015055 author who's a stranger and likewise
49P8MdWl6Ry-00076-00015056-00015263 reviewers are more likely to allow a
49P8MdWl6Ry-00077-00015263-00015463 reporting to occur they fail to catch a
49P8MdWl6Ry-00078-00015463-00015750 report over reporting when the manager
49P8MdWl6Ry-00079-00015751-00015975 is a friend compared to a stranger
49P8MdWl6Ry-00080-00015976-00016183 and what's more interesting that is that
49P8MdWl6Ry-00081-00016184-00016350 managers use different tactics and
49P8MdWl6Ry-00082-00016351-00016543 different strategies to over report
49P8MdWl6Ry-00083-00016544-00016711 depending on the type of relationship
49P8MdWl6Ry-00084-00016712-00016879 they have with an auditor
49P8MdWl6Ry-00085-00016880-00017127 so managers are much more likely to try
49P8MdWl6Ry-00086-00017128-00017358 to use deceptive tactics trying to trick
49P8MdWl6Ry-00087-00017359-00017550 the auditor when the auditor is a
49P8MdWl6Ry-00088-00017551-00017791 stranger whereas with managers when
49P8MdWl6Ry-00089-00017792-00017886 they're acting with a friend they're
49P8MdWl6Ry-00090-00017887-00018022 much more likely to attempt to collude
49P8MdWl6Ry-00091-00018023-00018239 with them to try to share profits
49P8MdWl6Ry-00092-00018240-00018439 and so what this shows us is not only
49P8MdWl6Ry-00093-00018440-00018639 that the interpersonal one-on-one
49P8MdWl6Ry-00094-00018640-00018886 relationship between managers and honors
49P8MdWl6Ry-00095-00018887-00019079 not only does that matter
49P8MdWl6Ry-00096-00019080-00019255 because it can tell us when these
49P8MdWl6Ry-00097-00019256-00019455 parties are likely to over report or
49P8MdWl6Ry-00098-00019456-00019694 commit a legal behavior but also it
49P8MdWl6Ry-00099-00019695-00019894 influences the strategies that they use
49P8MdWl6Ry-00100-00019895-00020047 to try to accomplish this sort of
49P8MdWl6Ry-00101-00020048-00020158 behavior
49P8MdWl6Ry-00102-00020159-00020476 thank you
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00000-00000077-00000329 Michelangelo Merisi Michelle Angela
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00001-00000330-00000457 Merici or ameri-ghen
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00002-00000458-00000709 da caravaggio us Italian pronunciation
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00003-00000710-00001094 my clan delamere easy doc a Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00004-00001095-00001453 the 28th of September 15 71 to the 18th
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00005-00001454-00001709 of July 1610 was an Italian painter
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00006-00001710-00001997 active in Rome Naples Malta and Sicily
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00007-00001998-00002326 from the early 1590s to 1610 his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00008-00002327-00002492 paintings combined a realistic
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00009-00002493-00002681 observation of the human state both
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00010-00002682-00002897 physical and emotional with a dramatic
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00011-00002898-00003065 use of lighting which had a formative
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00012-00003066-00003238 influence on baroque painting
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00013-00003239-00003445 Caravaggio employed close physical
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00014-00003446-00003620 observation with a dramatic use of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00015-00003621-00003809 chiaroscuro that came to be known as
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00016-00003810-00004036 tenebra zhem he made the technique a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00017-00004037-00004244 dominant stylistic element darkening
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00018-00004245-00004466 shadows and transfixing subjects in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00019-00004467-00004591 bright shafts of light
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00020-00004592-00004874 Caravaggio vividly expressed crucial
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00021-00004875-00005063 moments and scenes often featuring
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00022-00005064-00005351 violent struggles torture and death he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00023-00005352-00005495 worked rapidly with live models
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00024-00005496-00005713 preferring to forego drawings and work
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00025-00005714-00005995 directly under the canvas his influence
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00026-00005996-00006170 on the new Baroque style that emerged
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00027-00006171-00006448 from mannerism was profound it can be
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00028-00006450-00006650 seen directly or indirectly in the work
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00029-00006651-00006878 of Peter Paul Rubens jusa Pedro Rivera
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00030-00006879-00007163 Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Rembrandt and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00031-00007164-00007288 artists in the following generation
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00032-00007289-00007514 heavily under his influence were called
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00033-00007515-00007906 da caravaggio or kara vid Jeschke s' as
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00034-00007908-00008221 well as tenebrous certain Abruzzi shadow
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00035-00008222-00008389 s
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00036-00008390-00008641 Caravaggio trained as a painter in Milan
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00037-00008642-00008926 before moving in his 20s to Rome he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00038-00008927-00009106 developed a considerable name as an
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00039-00009107-00009292 artist and as a violent touchy and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00040-00009293-00009571 provocative man a brawl led to a death
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00041-00009572-00009742 sentence for murder and forced him to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00042-00009743-00009964 flee to Naples there he again
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00043-00009965-00010153 established himself as one of the most
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00044-00010154-00010333 prominent Italian painters of his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00045-00010334-00010699 generation he travelled in 1607 to Malta
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00046-00010700-00010900 and unda sicily and pursued a papal
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00047-00010901-00011197 pardon for his sentence in 1609 he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00048-00011198-00011425 returned to Naples where he was involved
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00049-00011426-00011605 in a violent clash his face was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00050-00011606-00011773 disfigured and rumors of his death
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00051-00011774-00012046 circulated questions about his mental
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00052-00012047-00012250 state arose from his erratic and bizarre
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00053-00012251-00012604 behavior he died in 1610 under uncertain
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00054-00012605-00012790 circumstances while on his way from
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00055-00012791-00013063 Naples to Rome reports stated that he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00056-00013063-00013261 died of a fever but suggestions have
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00057-00013262-00013408 been made that he was murdered or that
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00058-00013409-00013705 he died of lead poisoning Caravaggio's
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00059-00013706-00013918 innovations inspired baroque painting
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00060-00013919-00014104 but the Baroque incorporated the drama
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00061-00014105-00014269 of his chiaroscuro without the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00062-00014269-00014563 psychological realism the style evolved
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00063-00014563-00014800 in fashions changed and Caravaggio fell
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00064-00014801-00015022 out of favor in the 20th century
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00065-00015022-00015259 interest in his work revived and his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00066-00015260-00015444 importance to the development of Western
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00067-00015445-00015754 art was really a 'td the 20th century
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00068-00015755-00015969 art historian Andre Bernd ja Freud
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00069-00015970-00016141 stated what begins in the work of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00070-00016141-00016354 Caravaggio is quite simply modern
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00071-00016355-00016903 painting
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00072-00016904-00017423 topic biography
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00073-00017424-00017764 you
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00074-00017765-00018574 topic early life 1571 to 1592
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00075-00018575-00018868 Caravaggio Michelangelo Merisi or
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00076-00018869-00019084 America was born in Milan where his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00077-00019085-00019126 father
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00078-00019127-00019363 Fermo fermo Mauricio was a household
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00079-00019364-00019591 administrator an architect decorator to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00080-00019592-00019744 the Marquis II of Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00081-00019745-00019951 a town not far from the city of Bergamo
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00082-00019952-00020362 in 1576 the family moved to Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00083-00020363-00020584 Caravaggio's to escape a plague that
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00084-00020585-00020806 ravaged Milan and Caravaggio's father
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00085-00020807-00020998 and grandfather both died there on the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00086-00020999-00021361 same day in 1577 it is assumed that the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00087-00021362-00021580 artist grew up in Caravaggio but his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00088-00021581-00021754 family kept up connections with this
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00089-00021755-00021934 forces and with the powerful Colonna
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00090-00021935-00022132 family who were allied by marriage with
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00091-00022133-00022309 the Sforza zand destined to play a major
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00092-00022310-00022590 role later in Caravaggio's life
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00093-00022591-00022903 Caravaggio's mother died in 1580 for the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00094-00022904-00023071 same year he began his four-year
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00095-00023072-00023251 apprenticeship to the Milanese painter
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00096-00023252-00023452 simone peters enou described in the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00097-00023453-00023653 contract of apprenticeship as a pupil of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00098-00023654-00023947 Titian Caravaggio appears to have stayed
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00099-00023948-00024181 in the Milan Caravaggio area after his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00100-00024182-00024385 apprenticeship ended but it is possible
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00101-00024386-00024568 that he visited Venice and saw the works
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00102-00024569-00024790 of Giorgione whom Federico Zuccotti
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00103-00024791-00024969 later accused him of imitating and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00104-00024970-00025186 Titian he would also have become
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00105-00025187-00025378 familiar with the art treasures of Milan
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00106-00025379-00025588 including Leonardo da Vinci's Last
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00107-00025589-00025807 Supper and with the regional lombard art
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00108-00025808-00025999 a style that valued simplicity and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00109-00026000-00026214 attention to naturalistic detail and was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00110-00026216-00026427 closer to the naturalism of Germany than
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00111-00026429-00026620 to the stylized formality and grandeur
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00112-00026620-00027206 of Roman mannerism
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00113-00027207-00027743 topic beginnings in Rome 1592 90 fifths
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00114-00027744-00028451 - 1600 following his initial training
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00115-00028452-00028729 under Simone Peters on Oh in 1592
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00116-00028730-00029002 Caravaggio left Milan for Rome in flight
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00117-00029004-00029302 after certain quarrels and the wounding
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00118-00029304-00029531 of a police officer the young artist
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00119-00029532-00029920 arrived in Rome naked an extremely meaty
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00120-00029920-00030170 without fixed address and without
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00121-00030170-00030650 provision short of money during this
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00122-00030651-00030812 period he stayed with the miserly
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00123-00030813-00031108 Pandolfo Pucci known as Monsignor and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00124-00031110-00031364 salata a few months later he was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00125-00031364-00031538 performing hack work for the highly
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00126-00031539-00031789 successful Giuseppe sorry Pope Clement
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00127-00031791-00031994 the eighth's favorite artist painting
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00128-00031995-00032255 flowers and fruit in his factory like
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00129-00032256-00032558 workshop in Rome there was demand for
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00130-00032558-00032729 paintings to fill the many huge new
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00131-00032730-00032945 churches in Palacios being built at the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00132-00032946-00033203 time it was also a period when the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00133-00033204-00033359 church was searching for a stylistic
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00134-00033360-00033578 alternative to mannerism in religious
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00135-00033579-00033731 art that was tasked to counter the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00136-00033732-00033998 threat of Protestantism Caravaggio's
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00137-00033999-00034217 innovation was a radical naturalism that
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00138-00034218-00034454 combined close physical observation with
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00139-00034455-00034658 a dramatic even theatrical use of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00140-00034659-00034832 chiaroscuro that came to be known as
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00141-00034833-00035039 tenebra 'sm the shift from light to dark
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00142-00035040-00035321 with little intermediate value known
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00143-00035322-00035528 works from this period include a small
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00144-00035529-00035732 boy peeling of fruit his earliest known
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00145-00035733-00035930 painting a boy with a basket of fruit
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00146-00035931-00036083 and the young sick Bacchus
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00147-00036084-00036278 supposedly a self-portrait done during
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00148-00036279-00036473 convalescence from a serious illness
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00149-00036474-00036653 that ended his employment with sassari
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00150-00036654-00036920 all three demonstrate the physical
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00151-00036921-00037145 particularity for which Caravaggio was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00152-00037146-00037352 to become renowned the fruit basket boys
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00153-00037353-00037568 produce has been analyzed by a professor
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00154-00037569-00037762 of horticulture who is able to identify
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00155-00037763-00038129 individual cultivars right down to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00156-00038130-00038435 a large fig leaf with a prominent fungal
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00157-00038436-00038636 scorch lesion resembling anthracnose
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00158-00038637-00038999 glomer Ella's single otter Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00159-00039000-00039214 left Sassari determined to make his own
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00160-00039215-00039470 way after a heated argument at this
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00161-00039471-00039686 point he forged some extremely important
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00162-00039687-00039896 friendships with the painter Prospero or
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00163-00039897-00040142 see the architect own or Iolani and the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00164-00040143-00040399 16-year old Sicilian artist Mario Mimi D
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00165-00040400-00040687 or si established in the profession
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00166-00040688-00040901 introduced him to influential collectors
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00167-00040902-00041137 longji more balefully introduced him to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00168-00041138-00041429 the world of roman street brawls Mimi D
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00169-00041430-00041660 served Caravaggio as a model and years
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00170-00041661-00041836 later would be instrumental in helping
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00171-00041837-00042029 him to obtain important commissions in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00172-00042030-00042346 Sicily ostensibly the first archival
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00173-00042347-00042514 reference to Caravaggio in a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00174-00042515-00042721 contemporary document from Rome as the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00175-00042722-00042868 listing of his name with that of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00176-00042869-00043082 Prospero or si as his partner as an
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00177-00043083-00043312 assistant a in a procession in October
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00178-00043313-00043618 15 94 in honor of Saint Luke the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00179-00043619-00043820 earliest informative account of his life
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00180-00043821-00044036 in the city as a court transcript dated
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00181-00044037-00044371 the 11th of July 15 97 when Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00182-00044372-00044587 and Prospero or si were witnesses to a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00183-00044588-00044833 crime near san luigi de Franceschi an
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00184-00044834-00045040 early published notice on Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00185-00045041-00045301 dating from 1604 in describing his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00186-00045302-00045449 lifestyle three years previously
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00187-00045450-00045730 recounts that after a fortnight's work
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00188-00045731-00045932 he will swagger about for a month or two
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00189-00045933-00046162 with a sword at his side and a servant
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00190-00046163-00046390 following him from one ball court to the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00191-00046391-00046615 next ever ready to engage in a fight or
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00192-00046616-00046855 an argument so that it is most awkward
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00193-00046856-00047239 to get along with him in 1606 he killed
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00194-00047240-00047423 a young man in a brawl possibly
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00195-00047424-00047620 unintentionally and fled from Rome with
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00196-00047621-00047876 a death sentence hanging over him the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00197-00047877-00048068 fortune-teller his first composition
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00198-00048069-00048286 with more than one figure shows a boy
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00199-00048287-00048524 likely mean Edie having his palm read by
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00200-00048525-00048730 a gypsy girl who is stealthily removing
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00201-00048731-00048964 his ring as she strokes his hand the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00202-00048965-00049162 theme was quite new for Rome and proved
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00203-00049163-00049336 immensely influential over the next
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00204-00049337-00049621 century and beyond this however was in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00205-00049622-00049864 the future at the time Caravaggio sold
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00206-00049865-00050105 it for practically nothing the card
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00207-00050106-00050299 sharps showing another naive youth of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00208-00050300-00050476 privilege falling the victim of card
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00209-00050477-00050674 cheats is even more psychologically
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00210-00050675-00050918 complex and perhaps Caravaggio's first
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00211-00050919-00051190 true masterpiece like the fortune teller
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00212-00051191-00051430 it was immensely popular and over fifty
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00213-00051432-00051547 copies survived
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00214-00051548-00051760 more importantly it attracted the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00215-00051761-00051976 patronage of Cardinal Francesco Maria
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00216-00051977-00052140 del Monte one of the leading
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00217-00052141-00052429 connoisseurs in Rome for Del Monte and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00218-00052429-00052597 his wealthy art loving circle
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00219-00052598-00052834 Caravaggio executed a number of intimate
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00220-00052835-00053047 chamber pieces the musicians the lute
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00221-00053048-00053275 player a tipsy Bacchus an allegorical
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00222-00053276-00053488 but realistic boy bitten by a lizard
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00223-00053489-00053701 featuring Mimi D and other adolescent
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00224-00053702-00054030 models Caravaggio's first paintings on
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00225-00054032-00054241 religious themes returned to realism and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00226-00054241-00054469 the emergence of remarkable spirituality
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00227-00054470-00054709 the first of these was the penitent
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00228-00054710-00054910 Magdalene showing Mary Magdalene at the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00229-00054911-00055084 moment when she has turned from her life
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00230-00055085-00055266 as a courtesan and sits weeping on the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00231-00055267-00055489 floor her jewels scattered around her it
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00232-00055490-00055845 seemed not a religious painting at all
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00233-00055846-00056085 a girl sitting on a low wooden stool
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00234-00056086-00056322 drying her hair
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00235-00056323-00056829 where was the repentance suffering
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00236-00056830-00057160 promise of salvation it was understated
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00237-00057161-00057415 in the lombard manner not histrionic in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00238-00057416-00057640 the Roman manner of the time it was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00239-00057641-00057816 followed by others in the same style
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00240-00057817-00058012 Saint Catherine Martha and Mary
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00241-00058013-00058246 Magdalene Judith beheading Holofernes a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00242-00058247-00058474 sacrifice of Isaac the Saint Francis of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00243-00058475-00058687 Assisi and ecstasy and arrest on the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00244-00058688-00058941 flight into Egypt these works while
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00245-00058942-00059157 viewed by a comparatively limited circle
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00246-00059158-00059367 increased Caravaggio's fame with both
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00247-00059369-00059644 connoisseurs and his fellow artists but
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00248-00059645-00059848 a true reputation would depend on public
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00249-00059849-00060004 commissions and for these it was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00250-00060004-00060310 necessary to look to the church already
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00251-00060311-00060501 evident was the intense realism or
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00252-00060502-00060729 naturalism for which Caravaggio is now
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00253-00060730-00060964 famous he preferred to paint his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00254-00060965-00061159 subjects as the eye sees them with all
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00255-00061160-00061366 their natural flaws and defects instead
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00256-00061366-00061645 of his idealized creations this allowed
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00257-00061646-00061873 a full display of his virtuosic talents
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00258-00061874-00062091 this shift from accepted standard
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00259-00062092-00062304 practice and the classical idealism of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00260-00062305-00062526 Michelangelo was very controversial at
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00261-00062527-00062591 the time
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00262-00062592-00062841 Caravaggio also dispensed with the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00263-00062842-00063028 lengthy preparations traditional in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00264-00063029-00063313 central Italy at the time instead he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00265-00063314-00063469 preferred the Venetian practice of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00266-00063470-00063637 working in oils directly from the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00267-00063638-00063841 subject half-length figures in still
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00268-00063841-00064264 life Supper at Emmaus from C 1600 to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00269-00064265-00064540 1601 is a characteristic work of this
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00270-00064541-00065266 period demonstrating his virtuoso talent
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00271-00065267-00065844 topic most famous painter in Rome 1602
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00272-00065845-00066288 1606
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00273-00066289-00066597 in 1599 presumably through the influence
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00274-00066598-00066846 of Delmont a Caravaggio was contracted
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00275-00066847-00067044 to decorate the contour le chapel in the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00276-00067045-00067350 church of san luigi de Franceschi the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00277-00067351-00067539 two works making up the Commission the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00278-00067540-00067749 martyrdom of st. Matthew and calling of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00279-00067750-00067824 Saint Matthew
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00280-00067825-00068055 delivered in 1600 were an immediate
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00281-00068056-00068301 sensation thereafter he never lacked
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00282-00068302-00068610 commissions or patrons Caravaggio's
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00283-00068611-00068811 tenebra zhim a heightened chiaroscuro
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00284-00068812-00069030 brought high drama to his subjects while
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00285-00069031-00069213 his acutely observed realism brought a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00286-00069214-00069528 new level of emotional intensity opinion
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00287-00069529-00069689 among his artists peers was polarized
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00288-00069690-00069957 some denounced him for various perceived
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00289-00069958-00070170 failings notably his insistence on
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00290-00070171-00070371 painting from life without drawings but
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00291-00070372-00070524 for the most part he was hailed as a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00292-00070525-00070758 great artistic visionary the painters
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00293-00070759-00070974 then in Rome were greatly taken by this
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00294-00070975-00071214 novelty and the young ones particularly
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00295-00071215-00071352 gathered around him
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00296-00071353-00071550 praised him as the unique imitator of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00297-00071551-00071730 nature and looked on his work as
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00298-00071731-00071855 miracles
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00299-00071856-00072129 Caravaggio went on to secure a string of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00300-00072130-00072309 prestigious commissions for religious
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00301-00072310-00072489 works featuring violent struggles
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00302-00072490-00072720 grotesque decapitations torture and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00303-00072721-00072921 death most notable and most technically
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00304-00072922-00073086 masterful among them that Taking of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00305-00073087-00073335 Christ of circa 1602 for the met a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00306-00073336-00073563 family recently rediscovered in Ireland
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00307-00073564-00073827 after two centuries for the most part
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00308-00073828-00074043 each new painting increased his fame but
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00309-00074044-00074205 a few were rejected by the various
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00310-00074206-00074379 bodies for whom they were intended at
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00311-00074380-00074580 least in their original forms and had to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00312-00074581-00074850 be repainted or find new buyers the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00313-00074851-00075021 essence of the problem was that while
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00314-00075022-00075234 Caravaggio's dramatic intensity was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00315-00075235-00075453 appreciated his realism was seen by some
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00316-00075454-00075705 as unacceptably vulgar his first version
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00317-00075706-00075930 of Saint Matthew in the angel featuring
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00318-00075931-00076110 the saint as a bald peasant with dirty
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00319-00076111-00076320 legs attended by a lightly clad over
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00320-00076321-00076539 familiar boy angel was rejected and a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00321-00076540-00076719 second version had to be painted as the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00322-00076720-00076892 inspiration of Saint Matthew
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00323-00076893-00077148 similarly the conversion of Saint Paul
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00324-00077149-00077331 was rejected and while another version
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00325-00077332-00077541 of the same subject the conversion on
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00326-00077542-00077745 the way to Damascus was accepted it
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00327-00077746-00077946 featured the Saints horses haunches far
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00328-00077947-00078099 more prominently than the saint himself
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00329-00078100-00078309 prompting this exchange between the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00330-00078310-00078513 artist and an exasperated official of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00331-00078514-00078774 Santa Maria del Popolo why have you put
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00332-00078775-00078990 a horse in the middle and st. Paul on
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00333-00078991-00079158 the ground
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00334-00079159-00079575 because is the horse God no but he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00335-00079576-00079807 stands in God's light
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00336-00079808-00080041 other works included entombment the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00337-00080042-00080242 madonna di loreto madonna of the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00338-00080243-00080434 pilgrims the groom's madonna and the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00339-00080435-00080674 death of the virgin the history of these
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00340-00080675-00080863 last two paintings illustrates the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00341-00080864-00081075 reception given to some of Caravaggio's
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00342-00081076-00081262 art and the times in which he lived
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00343-00081263-00081505 the groom's madonna also known as
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00344-00081506-00081721 madonna daily Paulo Freire II painted
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00345-00081722-00081898 for a small altar in st. Peter's
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00346-00081899-00082113 Basilica in Rome remained there for just
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00347-00082114-00082317 two days and was then taken off a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00348-00082318-00082581 Cardinal secretary wrote in this
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00349-00082582-00082759 painting there are but vulgarity
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00350-00082760-00083224 sacrilege impious Ness and disgust one
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00351-00083225-00083437 would say it is a work made by a painter
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00352-00083438-00083647 that can paint well but of a dark spirit
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00353-00083648-00083869 and who has been for a lot of time far
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00354-00083870-00084124 from God from his adoration and from any
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00355-00084125-00084418 good thought
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00356-00084419-00084636 the death of the virgin commissioned in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00357-00084637-00084930 1601 by a wealthy jurist for his private
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00358-00084931-00085113 chapel in the new Carmelite Church of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00359-00085114-00085350 Santa Maria della Scala was rejected by
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00360-00085351-00085696 the Carmelites in 1606 Caravaggio's
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00361-00085697-00085948 contemporary Giulio Mancini records that
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00362-00085949-00086140 it was rejected because Caravaggio had
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00363-00086141-00086325 used a well-known prostitute as his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00364-00086326-00086613 model for the Virgin Giovanni Baglioni
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00365-00086614-00086844 another contemporary tells us it was due
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00366-00086845-00087111 to Mary's bare legs a matter of decorum
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00367-00087112-00087417 in either case Caravaggio scholar John
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00368-00087418-00087630 gash suggests that the problem for the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00369-00087631-00087817 Carmelites may have been theological
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00370-00087818-00087951 rather than aesthetic in that
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00371-00087952-00088174 Caravaggio's version fails to assert the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00372-00088175-00088350 doctrine of the Assumption of Mary the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00373-00088351-00088546 idea that the mother of God did not die
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00374-00088547-00088741 in any ordinary sense but was assumed
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00375-00088742-00088800 into heaven
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00376-00088801-00089053 the replacement altarpiece commissioned
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00377-00089054-00089248 from one of Caravaggio's most able
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00378-00089249-00089463 followers Carlos our watch any showed
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00379-00089464-00089674 the Virgin not dead as Caravaggio had
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00380-00089675-00089880 painted her but seated and dying and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00381-00089881-00090093 even this was rejected and replaced with
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00382-00090094-00090253 the work showing the Virgin not dying
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00383-00090254-00090444 but ascending into heaven with choirs of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00384-00090445-00090762 angels in any case the rejection did not
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00385-00090763-00090975 mean that Caravaggio or his paintings
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00386-00090976-00091198 were out of favor the death of the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00387-00091199-00091390 Virgin was no sooner taken out of the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00388-00091391-00091567 church than it was purchased by the Duke
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00389-00091568-00091776 of Mantua on the advice of Rubens and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00390-00091777-00091984 later acquired by Charles the first of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00391-00091985-00092157 England before entering the French Royal
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00392-00092158-00092554 Collection in 1671 one secular piece
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00393-00092555-00092751 from these years is a more victorious
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00394-00092752-00093040 painted in 1602 for Vincenzo Joosten
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00395-00093041-00093330 yani a member of Del Monte circle the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00396-00093331-00093529 model was named in a memoir of the early
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00397-00093530-00093900 17th century s Cecco the diminutive for
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00398-00093901-00094159 Francesco he is possibly Francesco
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00399-00094160-00094387 Benari identified with an artist active
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00400-00094388-00094735 in the period 1610 to 1625 and known as
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00401-00094736-00095019 Cecco del Caravaggio Caravaggio's Chico
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00402-00095020-00095244 carrying a bow and arrows and trampling
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00403-00095245-00095446 symbols of the warlike in peaceful arts
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00404-00095447-00095584 and sciences underfoot
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00405-00095585-00095836 he is unclothed and it is difficult to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00406-00095837-00096030 accept this grinning urchin as the Roman
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00407-00096031-00096223 god Cupid as difficult as it was to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00408-00096224-00096450 accept Caravaggio's other semi-clad
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00409-00096451-00096649 adolescents as the various angels he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00410-00096650-00096855 painted in his canvases wearing much the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00411-00096856-00097129 same stage prop wings the point however
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00412-00097130-00097384 is the intense yet ambiguous reality of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00413-00097385-00097612 the work it is simultaneously Cupid in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00414-00097613-00097811 Cecco as Caravaggio's verge
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00415-00097812-00097985 were simultaneously the mother of Christ
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00416-00097986-00098204 in the Roman courtesans who modeled for
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00417-00098205-00098700 them
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00418-00098701-00099394 topic a crime too many 1606
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00419-00099395-00099712 Caravaggio led a tumultuous life he was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00420-00099713-00099925 notorious for brawling even in a time
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00421-00099926-00100096 and place when such behavior was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00422-00100097-00100287 commonplace and the transcripts of his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00423-00100288-00100474 police records and trial proceedings
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00424-00100475-00100787 fill several pages on the 29th of May
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00425-00100788-00101092 1606 he killed possibly unintentionally
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00426-00101093-00101311 a young man named Renu Chiodo Missoni
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00427-00101312-00101617 from Terni Umbria the circumstances of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00428-00101618-00101803 the brawl in the death of Renu Chiodo
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00429-00101804-00102073 Missoni remained mysterious several
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00430-00102074-00102318 contemporary a vvz referred to a quarrel
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00431-00102319-00102490 over a gambling debt and a tennis game
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00432-00102491-00102681 and this explanation has become
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00433-00102682-00102873 established in the popular imagination
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00434-00102874-00103167 but recent scholarship has made it clear
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00435-00103168-00103378 that Moore was involved good modern
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00436-00103379-00103560 accounts are to be found in Peter Rob's
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00437-00103561-00103828 m and Helen Langdon's Caravaggio a life
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00438-00103829-00104065 a theory relating the death to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00439-00104066-00104232 Renaissance notions of Honor and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00440-00104233-00104425 symbolic wounding has been advanced by
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00441-00104426-00104636 art historian Andrew Graham Dixon
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00442-00104638-00104908 whatever the details it was a serious
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00443-00104908-00105141 matter previously his high placed
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00444-00105142-00105315 patrons had protected him from the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00445-00105316-00105532 consequences of his escapades but this
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00446-00105533-00105763 time they could do nothing Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00447-00105764-00106409 outlawed fled to Naples
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00448-00106410-00107194 topic exile and death 16:06 to 1610
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00449-00107195-00107516 you
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00450-00107517-00108109 topic Naples following the death of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00451-00108110-00108358 Thomas Oni Caravaggio fled first to the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00452-00108359-00108554 estates of the Kelowna family south of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00453-00108555-00108770 Rome then unto Naples where Costanza
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00454-00108771-00108989 Colonna Sforza widow of Francesco Sforza
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00455-00108990-00109169 in whose husband's household
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00456-00109170-00109352 Caravaggio's father had held a position
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00457-00109353-00109684 maintained a palace in Naples outside
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00458-00109685-00109826 the jurisdiction of the Roman
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00459-00109827-00110018 authorities and protected by the Colonna
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00460-00110019-00110233 family the most famous painter in Rome
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00461-00110234-00110533 became the most famous in Naples his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00462-00110534-00110720 connections with the colonna's led to a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00463-00110721-00110908 stream of important church commissions
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00464-00110909-00111109 including the Madonna of the Rosary and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00465-00111110-00111398 the seven works of mercy the seven works
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00466-00111399-00111605 of mercy depicts the seven corporal
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00467-00111606-00111827 works of mercy as a set of compassionate
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00468-00111828-00112016 acts concerning the material needs of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00469-00112017-00112283 others the painting was made for and has
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00470-00112283-00112505 still housed in the church of paya monte
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00471-00112506-00112802 della misericordia in Naples Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00472-00112803-00113063 combined all seven works of mercy in one
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00473-00113064-00113258 composition which became the church's
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00474-00113258-00113570 altarpiece Alessandro Giardino has also
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00475-00113571-00113753 established the connection between the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00476-00113754-00113986 iconography of the seven works of mercy
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00477-00113988-00114266 and the cultural scientific and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00478-00114267-00114458 philosophical circles of the paintings
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00479-00114458-00114983 commissioners
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00480-00114983-00115427 topic Malta
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00481-00115428-00115691 despite his success in Naples after only
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00482-00115692-00115931 a few months in the city Caravaggio left
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00483-00115932-00116090 for Malta the headquarters of the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00484-00116091-00116183 Knights of Malta
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00485-00116183-00116504 Fabrizio Sforza kelowna Costanza's son
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00486-00116505-00116702 was a knight of Malta and general of the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00487-00116703-00116933 order's galleys he appears to have
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00488-00116933-00117160 facilitated Caravaggio's arrival in the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00489-00117161-00117440 island in 1607 and his escape the next
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00490-00117441-00117746 year Caravaggio presumably hoped that
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00491-00117747-00117929 the patronage of a LOF de Wignacourt
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00492-00117930-00118145 Grand Master of the Knights of st. John
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00493-00118146-00118367 could help him secure a pardon for Tomas
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00494-00118368-00118609 oneis death de Wignacourt was so
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00495-00118610-00118790 impressed at having the famous artists
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00496-00118791-00118973 as official painter to the order that he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00497-00118974-00119126 inducted him as a night and the early
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00498-00119127-00119345 biographer by lorry records that the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00499-00119346-00119569 artist was well pleased with his success
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00500-00119570-00119831 major works from his Malta period
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00501-00119832-00120014 include the beheading of st. John the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00502-00120015-00120230 Baptist his largest-ever work and the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00503-00120231-00120383 only painting to which he put his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00504-00120383-00120583 signature Saint Jerome writing both
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00505-00120584-00120760 housed in st. john's co-cathedral
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00506-00120761-00121036 Valletta Malta and a portrait of a LOF
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00507-00121038-00121229 de Wignacourt and his page as well as
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00508-00121230-00121417 portraits of other leading Knights
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00509-00121418-00121664 according to Andrea Pamela the beheading
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00510-00121665-00121858 of st. John the Baptist is widely
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00511-00121859-00122086 considered one of the most important
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00512-00122088-00122399 works in western painting completed in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00513-00122400-00122635 1608 the painting had been commissioned
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00514-00122636-00122804 by the Knights of Malta as an altarpiece
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00515-00122805-00122969 and was the largest altarpiece
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00516-00122970-00123283 Caravaggio painted it still hangs in st.
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00517-00123284-00123473 john's co-cathedral for which it was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00518-00123474-00123641 commissioned and where Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00519-00123642-00123857 himself was inducted and briefly served
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00520-00123858-00124135 as a knight yet by late August 1608 he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00521-00124136-00124331 was arrested and imprisoned likely the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00522-00124332-00124526 result of yet another brawl this time
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00523-00124527-00124703 with an aristocratic Knight during which
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00524-00124704-00124871 the door of a house was battered down
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00525-00124872-00125080 and the knight seriously wounded
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00526-00125081-00125306 Caravaggio was imprisoned by the Knights
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00527-00125307-00125579 at Valletta but he managed to escape by
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00528-00125580-00125758 December he had been expelled from the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00529-00125759-00126019 order as a foul and rotten member a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00530-00126020-00126731 formal phrase used in all such cases
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00531-00126732-00127196 topic Sicily
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00532-00127197-00127469 Caravaggio made his way to Sicily where
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00533-00127470-00127690 he met his old friend Mario monetti who
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00534-00127691-00127897 is now married and living in Syracuse
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00535-00127898-00128137 together they set off on what amounted
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00536-00128138-00128341 to a triumphal tour from Syracuse to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00537-00128342-00128531 Messina and maybe onto the island
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00538-00128532-00128858 capital Palermo in Syracuse and Messina
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00539-00128858-00129095 Caravaggio continued to win prestigious
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00540-00129096-00129334 and well-paid commissions among other
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00541-00129335-00129529 works from this period are burial of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00542-00129530-00129754 Saint Lucy the raising of Lazarus and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00543-00129755-00129901 adoration of the shepherds
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00544-00129902-00130177 his style continued to evolve showing
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00545-00130178-00130397 now freezes of figures isolated against
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00546-00130398-00130615 vast empty backgrounds his great
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00547-00130616-00130844 Sicilian altarpieces isolate their
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00548-00130845-00131111 shadowy pitifully poor figures in vast
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00549-00131112-00131348 areas of darkness they suggest the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00550-00131349-00131573 desperate fears and frailty of man and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00551-00131574-00131798 at the same time convey with a new yet
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00552-00131799-00131977 desolate tenderness the beauty of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00553-00131978-00132173 humility and of the meek who shall
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00554-00132174-00132336 inherit the earth
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00555-00132337-00132586 contemporary reports depict a man whose
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00556-00132587-00132712 behavior was becoming increasingly
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00557-00132713-00132964 bizarre which included sleeping fully
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00558-00132965-00133162 armed and in his clothes ripping up a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00559-00133163-00133307 painting at a slight word of criticism
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00560-00133308-00133670 and mocking local painters Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00561-00133671-00133864 displayed bizarre behavior from very
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00562-00133865-00133994 early in his career
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00563-00133995-00134311 Mancini describes him as extremely crazy
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00564-00134312-00134566 a letter of Delmont a notes his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00565-00134567-00134882 strangeness and Mimi's 1724 biographer
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00566-00134883-00135115 says that Mario left Caravaggio because
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00567-00135116-00135383 of his behavior the strangeness seems to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00568-00135384-00135604 have increased after Malta secy knows
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00569-00135605-00135896 early 18 th century la vita Patwari
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00570-00135897-00136118 messin se lives of the painters of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00571-00136119-00136375 Messina provides several colorful
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00572-00136376-00136598 antique notes of Caravaggio's erratic
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00573-00136599-00136769 behavior in Sicily and these are
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00574-00136770-00136927 reproduced in modern full-length
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00575-00136928-00137146 biographies such as Langdon and Robb
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00576-00137147-00137461 valori rights of Caravaggio's fear
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00577-00137462-00137728 driving him from city to city across the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00578-00137729-00137948 island and finally feeling that it was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00579-00137949-00138229 no longer safe to remain back to Naples
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00580-00138230-00138502 Begley Owen says Caravaggio was being
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00581-00138503-00138790 chased by his enemy but like bull ory
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00582-00138791-00139379 does not say who this enemy was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00583-00139380-00139885 topic returned to Naples
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00584-00139886-00140127 after only nine months in Sicily
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00585-00140128-00140323 Caravaggio returned to Naples in the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00586-00140324-00140638 late summer of 1609 according to his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00587-00140639-00140853 earliest biographer he was being pursued
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00588-00140854-00141073 by enemies while in Sicily and felt it
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00589-00141074-00141240 safest to place himself under the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00590-00141241-00141418 protection of the colonna's until he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00591-00141419-00141574 could secure his pardon from the Pope
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00592-00141575-00141803 now Paul v and returned to Rome in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00593-00141804-00142063 Naples he painted the denial of st.
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00594-00142064-00142321 Peter a final John the Baptist Borghese
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00595-00142322-00142519 in his last picture the martyrdom of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00596-00142520-00142788 Saint Ursula his style continued to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00597-00142789-00143020 evolve st. Ursula is caught in a moment
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00598-00143021-00143245 of highest action and drama as the arrow
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00599-00143246-00143431 fired by the king of the Huns strikes
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00600-00143432-00143565 her in the breast unlike earlier
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00601-00143566-00143766 paintings that had all the immobility of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00602-00143767-00144049 the posed models the brushwork was also
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00603-00144050-00144300 much freer and more impressionistic in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00604-00144301-00144615 October 1609 he was involved in a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00605-00144616-00144813 violent clash an attempt on his life
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00606-00144814-00145000 perhaps ambushed by men in the pay of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00607-00145001-00145171 the night he had wounded in Malta or
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00608-00145172-00145425 some other faction of the order his face
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00609-00145426-00145636 was seriously disfigured and rumours
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00610-00145637-00145921 circulated in Rome that he was dead he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00611-00145922-00146107 painted a Salome with the head of John
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00612-00146108-00146340 the Baptist Madrid showing his own head
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00613-00146341-00146494 on a platter and send it to de
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00614-00146495-00146678 Wignacourt as a plea for forgiveness
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00615-00146679-00146950 perhaps at this time he painted also a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00616-00146951-00147145 David with the head of Goliath showing
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00617-00147146-00147291 the young David with a strangely
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00618-00147292-00147465 sorrowful expression gazing on the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00619-00147466-00147651 severed head of the Giant which is again
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00620-00147652-00147915 Caravaggio this painting he may have
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00621-00147916-00148144 sent to his patron the unscrupulous art
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00622-00148145-00148408 loving Cardinal Scipione Borghese nephew
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00623-00148409-00148573 of the Pope who had the power to grant
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00624-00148574-00148875 or withhold pardons Caravaggio hoped
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00625-00148876-00149071 Borghese could mediate a pardon in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00626-00149072-00149376 exchange for works by the artist news
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00627-00149377-00149620 from Rome encouraged Caravaggio and in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00628-00149621-00149829 the summer of 1610 he took a boat
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00629-00149830-00150012 northwards to receive the pardon which
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00630-00150013-00150184 seemed imminent thanks to his powerful
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00631-00150185-00150460 Roman friends with him were three last
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00632-00150461-00150622 paintings the gifts for Cardinal
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00633-00150623-00150888 Scipione what happened next is the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00634-00150889-00151101 subject of much confusion and conjecture
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00635-00151102-00151440 shrouded in much mystery the bare facts
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00636-00151441-00151653 seemed to be that on the 28th of July an
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00637-00151654-00151839 anonymous a Vivi's Oh private news
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00638-00151840-00152020 letter from Rome to the ducal court of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00639-00152021-00152262 Urbino reported that Caravaggio was dead
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00640-00152263-00152553 three days later another avv so said
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00641-00152554-00152719 that he had died of fever on his way
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00642-00152720-00152998 from Naples to Rome a poet friend of the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00643-00152999-00153216 artist later gave the 18th of July as
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00644-00153217-00153281 the date of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00645-00153282-00153479 and a recent researcher claims to have
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00646-00153480-00153653 discovered a death notice showing that
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00647-00153654-00153821 the artists died on that day of a fever
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00648-00153822-00154037 in Porto Ercole II near grosseto in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00649-00154038-00154572 Tuscany
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00650-00154573-00155028 topic death
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00651-00155029-00155283 Caravaggio had a fever at the time of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00652-00155284-00155445 his death and what killed him has been a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00653-00155446-00155690 matter of historical debate and study
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00654-00155691-00155898 traditionally historians have long
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00655-00155899-00156108 thought he died of syphilis some have
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00656-00156109-00156294 said he had malaria or possibly
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00657-00156295-00156521 brucellosis from unpasteurized dairy
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00658-00156522-00156741 some scholars have argued that
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00659-00156742-00156969 Caravaggio was actually attacked and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00660-00156970-00157251 killed by the same enemies that had been
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00661-00157252-00157422 pursuing him since he fled Malta
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00662-00157423-00157647 possibly Wignacourt and/or factions of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00663-00157648-00157831 the Knights human remains found in a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00664-00157832-00158061 church in Porto Ercole II in 2010 are
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00665-00158062-00158241 believed to almost certainly belong to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00666-00158242-00158518 Caravaggio the findings come after a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00667-00158519-00158806 year-long investigation using DNA carbon
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00668-00158807-00159096 dating and other analyses initial tests
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00669-00159097-00159327 suggested Caravaggio might have died of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00670-00159328-00159516 lead poisoning paints used at the time
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00671-00159517-00159720 contained high amounts of lead salts and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00672-00159721-00159931 Caravaggio is known to have indulged in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00673-00159932-00160116 violent behavior as caused by lead
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00674-00160117-00160413 poisoning later tests suggested he died
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00675-00160414-00160611 as the result of a wound sustained in a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00676-00160612-00160889 brawl in Naples specifically from sepsis
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00677-00160890-00161229 recently released Vatican documents 2002
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00678-00161230-00161457 also indicate that fatal wounds may have
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00679-00161458-00161644 been sustained as a result of a vendetta
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00680-00161645-00161847 perpetrated after Caravaggio had
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00681-00161848-00162015 murdered a love rival in a botched
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00682-00162016-00162625 attempt at castration
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00683-00162626-00163146 topic sexuality
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00684-00163147-00163376 Caravaggio never married and had no
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00685-00163377-00163572 known children and Howard Hibbard moats
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00686-00163573-00163778 the absence of erotic female figures
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00687-00163779-00163995 from the artist subra in his entire
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00688-00163996-00164237 career he did not paint a single female
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00689-00164238-00164535 nude on the other hand the cabinet
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00690-00164536-00164724 pieces from the Delmont a period are
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00691-00164725-00165071 replete with full lipped languorous boys
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00692-00165072-00165350 who seemed to solicit the onlooker with
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00693-00165351-00165594 their offers of fruit wine flowers and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00694-00165595-00165948 themselves suggesting an erotic interest
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00695-00165949-00166151 in the male form at the same time
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00696-00166152-00166364 however a connection with a certain Lina
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00697-00166365-00166659 is mentioned in a 1605 Court deposition
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00698-00166660-00166907 by Pascal own where she is described as
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00699-00166908-00167081 Michelangelo's girl
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00700-00167082-00167424 according to GB pass airy this Lina was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00701-00167425-00167643 Caravaggio's model for the Madonna di
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00702-00167644-00167804 Loreto and according to Katherine
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00703-00167805-00167871 Puglisi
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00704-00167872-00168065 Lina may have been the same person as
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00705-00168066-00168299 the courtesan Madalena di Paolo Antonia
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00706-00168300-00168561 T who named Caravaggio is an intimate
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00707-00168562-00168901 friend by her own testimony in 1604
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00708-00168902-00169182 Caravaggio also probably enjoyed close
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00709-00169183-00169391 relationships with other and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00710-00169392-00169674 courtesans such as Phil ID Milan droney
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00711-00169675-00169849 of whom he painted a portrait
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00712-00169850-00170186 nevertheless since the 1970s both art
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00713-00170187-00170387 scholars and historians have debated the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00714-00170388-00170561 inferences of homoeroticism in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00715-00170562-00170781 Caravaggio's works as a way to better
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00716-00170782-00171089 understand the man the model of a more
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00717-00171090-00171384 vincit omnia for example is known to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00718-00171385-00171648 have been Czech oh D Caravaggio Cecco
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00719-00171649-00171878 stayed with Caravaggio even after he was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00720-00171879-00172151 obliged to leave Rome in 1606 and the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00721-00172152-00172340 two may have been lovers Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00722-00172341-00172548 sexuality also received early
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00723-00172549-00172724 speculation due to claims about the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00724-00172725-00172974 artist by honoré Gabriele riccati compte
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00725-00172975-00173343 de Mirabelle writing in 1783 Mirabeau
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00726-00173344-00173511 contrasted the personal life of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00727-00173512-00173718 Caravaggio directly with the writings of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00728-00173719-00173936 st. Paul in the book of Romans arguing
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00729-00173937-00174246 that Romans excessively practice sodomy
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00730-00174247-00174582 or homosexuality the 26th verse of the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00731-00174583-00174771 first chapter contains the Latin phrase
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00732-00174772-00175040 at fulminate Yoram a mute a front
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00733-00175041-00175386 naturalism in eum OSEM ki esthe contra
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00734-00175387-00175710 natural the phrase according to Mirabeau
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00735-00175711-00175920 entered Caravaggio's thoughts and he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00736-00175921-00176193 claimed that such an abomination could
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00737-00176194-00176343 be witnessed through a particular
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00738-00176344-00176499 painting housed at the Museum of the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00739-00176500-00176532 grey
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00740-00176533-00176763 duke of tuscany featuring a rosary of a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00741-00176764-00176976 blasphemous nature in which a circle of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00742-00176977-00177216 30 men turpan or legatee are intertwined
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00743-00177217-00177423 and embrace and presented an unbridled
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00744-00177424-00177651 composition Mirabeau notes the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00745-00177652-00177837 affectionate nature of Caravaggio's
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00746-00177838-00178050 depiction reflects the voluptuous glow
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00747-00178051-00178314 of the artists sexuality by the late
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00748-00178315-00178584 19th century Sir Richard Francis Burton
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00749-00178585-00178788 identified the painting as Caravaggio's
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00750-00178789-00179079 painting of st. Rosario Burton also
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00751-00179080-00179319 identifies both st. Rosario in this
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00752-00179320-00179514 painting with the practices of Tiberius
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00753-00179515-00179757 mentioned by Seneca the younger the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00754-00179758-00179943 survival status and location of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00755-00179944-00180222 Caravaggio's painting is unknown no such
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00756-00180223-00180402 painting appears in his or his school's
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00757-00180403-00180702 catalogues aside from the paintings
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00758-00180703-00180924 evidence also comes from the libel trial
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00759-00180925-00181137 brought against Caravaggio by Giovanni
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00760-00181138-00181497 Baglioni in 1603 begley own accused
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00761-00181498-00181710 Caravaggio and his friends of writing
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00762-00181711-00181890 and distributing scurrilous doggerel
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00763-00181891-00182094 attacking him the pamphlets according to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00764-00182095-00182271 Bagley Owens friend and witness Maus
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00765-00182272-00182325 aleni
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00766-00182326-00182499 had been distributed by a certain
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00767-00182500-00182745 giovanni battista Abbar dasa or boy
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00768-00182746-00182991 prostitute shared by Caravaggio and his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00769-00182992-00183312 friend own or Iolani Caravaggio denied
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00770-00183313-00183495 knowing any young boy of that name and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00771-00183496-00183666 the allegation was not followed up
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00772-00183667-00183897 bagged Leone's painting of divine love
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00773-00183898-00184125 has also been seen as a visual
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00774-00184126-00184382 accusation of sodomy against Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00775-00184383-00184659 such accusations were damaging and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00776-00184660-00184863 dangerous as sodomy was a capital crime
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00777-00184864-00185118 at the time even though the authorities
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00778-00185119-00185307 were unlikely to investigate such a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00779-00185308-00185553 well-connected person as Caravaggio once
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00780-00185554-00185715 an artist had been smeared as a pederast
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00781-00185716-00186081 his work was smeared to Francesco Sasi
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00782-00186082-00186291 know in his later biography additionally
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00783-00186292-00186471 relates the story of how the artist was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00784-00186472-00186690 chased by a schoolmaster in Sicily for
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00785-00186691-00186885 spending too long gazing at the boys in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00786-00186886-00186953 his care
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00787-00186954-00187149 no presents it as a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00788-00187150-00187374 misunderstanding that Caravaggio may
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00789-00187375-00187569 indeed have been seeking sexual solace
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00790-00187570-00187737 and the incident could explain one of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00791-00187738-00187959 his most homoerotic paintings his last
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00792-00187960-00188181 depiction of st. John the Baptist the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00793-00188182-00188412 art historian Andrew Graham Dixon has
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00794-00188413-00188673 summarized the debate a lot has been
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00795-00188674-00188861 made of Caravaggio's presumed
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00796-00188862-00189084 homosexuality which has in more than one
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00797-00189085-00189255 previous account of his life been
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00798-00189256-00189411 presented as the single key that
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00799-00189412-00189519 explains everything
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00800-00189520-00189675 both the power of his art and the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00801-00189676-00189856 misfortunes of his life
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00802-00189857-00190060 there is no absolute proof of it only
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00803-00190061-00190261 strong circumstantial evidence and much
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00804-00190262-00190524 rumor the balance of probability
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00805-00190525-00190762 suggests that Caravaggio did indeed have
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00806-00190763-00191016 sexual relations with men but he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00807-00191017-00191241 certainly had female lovers throughout
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00808-00191242-00191437 the years that he spent in Rome he kept
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00809-00191438-00191572 close company with a number of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00810-00191573-00191845 prostitutes the truth is that Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00811-00191846-00192106 was as uneasy in his relationships as he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00812-00192107-00192366 was in most other aspects of life he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00813-00192367-00192607 likely slept with men he did sleep with
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00814-00192608-00192966 women he settled with no one but the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00815-00192967-00193147 idea that he was an early martyr to the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00816-00193148-00193377 drives of an unconventional sexuality as
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00817-00193378-00194010 an anachronistic fiction
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00818-00194011-00194534 topic as an artist
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00819-00194535-00194876 you
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00820-00194877-00195418 topic the birth of baroque
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00821-00195419-00195778 Caravaggio put the Oscar Oh shadows into
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00822-00195779-00196123 chiaroscuro chiaroscuro was practiced
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00823-00196124-00196315 long before he came on the scene but it
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00824-00196316-00196516 was Caravaggio who made the technique a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00825-00196517-00196735 dominant stylistic element darkening the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00826-00196736-00196957 shadows and transfixing the subject in a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00827-00196958-00197203 blinding shaft of light with this came
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00828-00197204-00197404 the acute observation of physical and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00829-00197405-00197605 psychological reality that formed the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00830-00197606-00197740 ground both for his immense popularity
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00831-00197741-00197986 and for his frequent problems with his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00832-00197987-00198277 religious commissions he worked at great
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00833-00198278-00198514 speed from live models scoring basic
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00834-00198515-00198700 guides directly under the canvas with
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00835-00198701-00198892 the end of the brush handle very few of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00836-00198893-00199078 Caravaggio's drawings appeared to have
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00837-00199079-00199252 survived and it is likely that he
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00838-00199253-00199428 preferred to work directly on the canvas
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00839-00199429-00199696 the approach was Anatomy to the skilled
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00840-00199697-00199882 artists of his day who decried his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00841-00199883-00200056 refusal to work from drawings and to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00842-00200057-00200338 idealize his figures yet the models were
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00843-00200339-00200554 basic to his realism some have been
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00844-00200555-00200785 identified including Mario Mimi D and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00845-00200786-00201061 Francesco Benari both fellow artists me
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00846-00201062-00201256 needy appearing as various figures in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00847-00201257-00201397 the early secular works
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00848-00201398-00201562 the young binary as a succession of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00849-00201563-00201778 angels Baptists and David's in the later
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00850-00201779-00202093 canvases his female models include Phil
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00851-00202094-00202303 ID Milan droney Ana Bianchini &
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00852-00202304-00202642 Montelena Antonia Tita Lena mentioned in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00853-00202643-00202957 court documents of the artichoke cases
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00854-00202958-00203176 Caravaggio's concubine all well-known
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00855-00203177-00203365 prostitutes who appear as female
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00856-00203366-00203560 religious figures including the virgin
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00857-00203561-00203863 and various saints Caravaggio himself
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00858-00203864-00204088 appears in several paintings his final
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00859-00204089-00204268 self-portrait being as the witness on
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00860-00204269-00204436 the far right to the martyrdom of Saint
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00861-00204437-00204619 Ursula Caravaggio had a noteworthy
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00862-00204620-00204829 ability to express in one scene of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00863-00204830-00205041 unsurpassed vividness the passing of a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00864-00205042-00205285 crucial moment the supper at Emmaus
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00865-00205286-00205507 depicts the recognition of Christ by his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00866-00205508-00205729 disciples a moment before he is a fellow
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00867-00205730-00205912 traveler mourning the passing of the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00868-00205913-00206121 Messiah as he never ceases to be to the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00869-00206123-00206340 innkeeper's eyes the second after he is
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00870-00206341-00206575 the savior in the calling of Saint
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00871-00206576-00206773 Matthew the hand of the saint points to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00872-00206773-00206991 himself as if he were saying who me
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00873-00206992-00207250 while his eyes fixed upon the figure of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00874-00207251-00207492 Christ have already said yes I will
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00875-00207494-00207769 follow you with the resurrection of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00876-00207769-00207996 Lazarus he goes a step further giving us
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00877-00207998-00208207 a glimpse of the actual physical process
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00878-00208208-00208488 of resurrection the body of Lazarus is
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00879-00208489-00208687 still in the throes of rigor mortis but
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00880-00208688-00208773 his hand face
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00881-00208775-00209019 recognising that of Christ is alive
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00882-00209021-00209286 other major baroque artists would travel
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00883-00209287-00209466 the same path for example Bernini
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00884-00209467-00209653 fascinated with themes from Ovid's
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00885-00209654-00210217 metamorphoses
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00886-00210219-00210755 topic the Caravaggio
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00887-00210756-00210953 the installation of the st. Matthew
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00888-00210954-00211163 paintings in the contour le Chapel had
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00889-00211164-00211334 an immediate impact among the younger
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00890-00211335-00211562 artists in Rome and karevik ISM became
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00891-00211563-00211712 the cutting edge for every ambitious
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00892-00211713-00211994 young painter the first care of August
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00893-00211994-00212213 II included Orazio Gentileschi and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00894-00212214-00212423 Giovanni Bagley own Bagley owns
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00895-00212423-00212639 Caravaggio phase was short-lived
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00896-00212640-00212821 Caravaggio later accused him of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00897-00212823-00213019 plagiarism and the two were involved in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00898-00213021-00213287 a long feud bagged Lyon went on to write
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00899-00213288-00213560 the first biography of Caravaggio in the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00900-00213561-00213796 next generation of Caravaggio there were
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00901-00213798-00214052 Carlos our watch any Bartolomeo Manfredi
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00902-00214053-00214406 and Orazio borg yani Gentileschi despite
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00903-00214407-00214601 being considerably older was the only
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00904-00214602-00214792 one of these artists to live much beyond
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00905-00214794-00215057 1620 and ended up as Court painter to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00906-00215058-00215269 Charles the first of England his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00907-00215271-00215507 daughter Artemisia Gentileschi was also
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00908-00215508-00215726 close to Caravaggio and one of the most
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00909-00215727-00215981 gifted of the movement yet in Rome and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00910-00215982-00216217 in Italy it was not Caravaggio but the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00911-00216219-00216396 influence of his rival Annibale Carracci
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00912-00216398-00216590 blending elements from the high
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00913-00216591-00216796 Renaissance and Lombard realism which
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00914-00216798-00217121 ultimately triumphed Caravaggio's brief
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00915-00217121-00217346 stay in Naples produced a notable school
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00916-00217346-00217592 of Neapolitan Caravaggio including
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00917-00217592-00217837 Battista Lokar a cello in Carlo Salida
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00918-00217838-00218129 the Caravaggio movement there ended with
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00919-00218130-00218411 a terrible outbreak of plague in 1656
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00920-00218412-00218630 but the Spanish Connection Naples was a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00921-00218631-00218846 possession of Spain was instrumental in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00922-00218846-00219044 forming the important Spanish branch of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00923-00219044-00219292 his influence a group of Catholic
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00924-00219294-00219539 artists from Utrecht de Utrecht
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00925-00219540-00219860 Caravaggio travelled to Rome as students
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00926-00219861-00220073 in the first years of the 17th century
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00927-00220073-00220246 and were profoundly influenced by the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00928-00220248-00220498 work of Caravaggio as Bo Lauri describes
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00929-00220500-00220771 on their return to the north this trend
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00930-00220773-00220919 had a short-lived but influential
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00931-00220919-00221201 flowering in the 1620s among painters
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00932-00221202-00221429 like Hendrik tare Brogan jerod van hun
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00933-00221430-00221684 thirst and Ruiz both and Dirk van Buren
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00934-00221685-00221960 in the following generation the effects
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00935-00221961-00222203 of Caravaggio although attenuated are to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00936-00222204-00222356 be seen in the work of Rubens who
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00937-00222357-00222530 purchased one of his paintings for the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00938-00222531-00222769 Gonzaga of Mantua and painted a copy of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00939-00222771-00222938 the entombment of Christ's Vermeer
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00940-00222939-00223187 Rembrandt and Velazquez the last of whom
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00941-00223188-00223369 presumably saw his work during his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00942-00223371-00223991 various sojourn in Italy
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00943-00223992-00224648 topic death and rebirth of a reputation
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00944-00224650-00224892 Caravaggio's innovations inspired the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00945-00224894-00224946 Baroque
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00946-00224948-00225100 but the Baroque took the drama of his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00947-00225101-00225307 chiaroscuro without the psychological
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00948-00225308-00225571 realism while he directly influenced the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00949-00225571-00225769 style of the artists mentioned above and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00950-00225769-00225994 at a distance the frenchman georges de
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00951-00225994-00226213 Latour and simon vouet and the Spaniard
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00952-00226214-00226444 Giuseppe Rivera within a few decades his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00953-00226444-00226603 works were being ascribed to less
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00954-00226604-00226821 scandalous artists or simply overlooked
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00955-00226823-00227092 the Baroque to which he contributed so
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00956-00227092-00227281 much had evolved and fashions had
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00957-00227282-00227473 changed but perhaps more pertinently
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00958-00227473-00227713 Caravaggio never established a workshop
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00959-00227714-00227898 as the Karachi did and thus had no
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00960-00227900-00228159 school to spread his techniques nor did
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00961-00228160-00228294 he ever set out his underlying
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00962-00228296-00228478 philosophical approach to art the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00963-00228479-00228696 psychological realism that may only be
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00964-00228698-00228996 deduced from his surviving work thus his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00965-00228998-00229213 reputation was doubly vulnerable to the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00966-00229214-00229441 critical demolition jobs done by two of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00967-00229442-00229681 his earliest biographers Giovanni Bagley
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00968-00229682-00229876 owned a rival painter with a personal
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00969-00229877-00230089 vendetta and the influential 17th
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00970-00230090-00230346 century critic gian pietro valori who
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00971-00230348-00230488 had not known him but was under the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00972-00230489-00230656 influence of the earlier Giovanni
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00973-00230657-00230857 Battista Iguchi and bellary's friend
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00974-00230858-00231096 pusun in preferring the classical
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00975-00231098-00231360 idealistic tradition of the bull and a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00976-00231361-00231642 school led by the Karachi Baglioni his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00977-00231644-00231832 first biographer played a considerable
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00978-00231833-00232015 part in creating the legend of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00979-00232016-00232207 Caravaggio's unstable and violent
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00980-00232208-00232417 character as well as his inability to
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00981-00232417-00232707 draw in the 1920s art critic roberto
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00982-00232708-00232921 long he brought Caravaggio's name once
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00983-00232921-00233113 more to the foreground and placed him in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00984-00233114-00233365 the European tradition Ribera Vermeer
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00985-00233366-00233590 Latour and Rembrandt could never have
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00986-00233591-00233844 existed without him and the art of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00987-00233846-00234076 Delacroix Corbett and MANET would have
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00988-00234077-00234289 been utterly different
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00989-00234290-00234529 the influential Bernard Berenson agreed
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00990-00234530-00234742 with the exception of Michelangelo no
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00991-00234742-00234976 other Italian painter exercised so great
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00992-00234977-00235527 an influence
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00993-00235528-00236042 topic epitaphs
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00994-00236042-00236306 Caravaggio's epitaph was composed by his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00995-00236307-00236605 friend Marzio Milesi it reads
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00996-00236606-00236873 Michelangelo Merisi son of Fair MIDI
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00997-00236875-00237098 Caravaggio in painting not equal to a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00998-00237100-00237312 painter but to nature itself died in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-00999-00237313-00237513 port or Kohli veda king himself hither
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01000-00237514-00237728 from naples returning to Rome 15th
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01001-00237729-00237908 calendar of August in the year of our
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01002-00237909-00238266 Lord 1610 he lived 36 years 9 months and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01003-00238267-00238323 20 days
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01004-00238323-00238646 Marzio Milesi jurist consulted this to a
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01005-00238648-00238934 friend of extraordinary genius he was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01006-00238935-00239100 commemorated on the front of the bank
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01007-00239101-00239376 the d'Italia 100,000 lire a banknote in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01008-00239377-00239625 the 1980s and 90s before Italy switched
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01009-00239626-00239796 to the euro with the back showing his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01010-00239796-00240390 basket of fruit
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01011-00240391-00240881 topic Louvre
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01012-00240882-00241106 there is disagreement as to the exact
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01013-00241107-00241340 size of Caravaggio surah with counts as
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01014-00241341-00241621 low as 40 and as high as 80 in his
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01015-00241623-00241867 biography Caravaggio scholar Alfred
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01016-00241869-00242150 Moyer writes the 48th color plates in
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01017-00242151-00242360 this book include almost all of the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01018-00242361-00242576 surviving works accepted by every
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01019-00242577-00242855 Caravaggio expert as autograph and even
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01020-00242856-00243044 the least demanding would add fewer than
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01021-00243044-00243394 a dozen more one the calling of saints
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01022-00243396-00243557 peter and andrew was recently
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01023-00243558-00243767 authenticated and restored it had been
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01024-00243767-00243986 in storage in hampton court mislabeled
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01025-00243987-00244286 as a copy richard francis burton writes
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01026-00244287-00244550 of a picture of saint rosario in the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01027-00244551-00244719 museum of the grand duke of tuscany
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01028-00244721-00244994 showing a circle of 30 mentor peter
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01029-00244994-00245411 legatee lewdly bandit which is not known
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01030-00245412-00245651 to have survived the rejected version of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01031-00245652-00245813 the inspiration of saint matthew
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01032-00245814-00246046 intended for the contr le chapel in san
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01033-00246048-00246275 luigi de Franceschi in rome was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01034-00246276-00246455 destroyed during the bombing of dresden
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01035-00246456-00246635 though black-and-white photographs of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01036-00246636-00246941 the work exist in june 2011 it was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01037-00246942-00247100 announced that a previously unknown
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01038-00247101-00247337 Caravaggio painting of st. Augustine
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01039-00247338-00247592 dating to about 1600 had been discovered
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01040-00247592-00247760 in a private collection in Britain
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01041-00247761-00248126 called a significant discovery the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01042-00248127-00248317 painting had never been published and is
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01043-00248319-00248438 thought to have been commissioned by
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01044-00248439-00248669 vincenzo Joosten yani a patron of the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01045-00248669-00248869 painter in rome a painting believed by
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01046-00248871-00249094 some experts to be Caravaggio second
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01047-00249096-00249284 version of Judith beheading Holofernes
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01048-00249285-00249626 tentatively dated between 1600 and 1610
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01049-00249627-00249815 was discovered in an attic in Toulouse
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01050-00249816-00250169 in 2014 an export ban was placed on the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01051-00250169-00250334 painting by the French government while
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01052-00250335-00250526 tests were carried out to establish its
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01053-00250527-00251092 provenance
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01054-00251094-00251613 topic art theft
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01055-00251614-00251948 in October 1969 two thieves entered the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01056-00251950-00252201 oratory of San Lorenzo in Palermo Italy
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01057-00252202-00252438 and stole Caravaggio's nativity with
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01058-00252439-00252633 Saint Francis and st. Lawrence from its
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01059-00252634-00252923 frame experts estimated its value at
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01060-00252925-00253107 twenty million dollars following the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01061-00253108-00253341 theft Italian police set up an art theft
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01062-00253342-00253539 task force with the specific aim of
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01063-00253540-00253771 reacquiring lost and stolen artworks
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01064-00253773-00254016 since the creation of this task force
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01065-00254017-00254226 many leads have been followed regarding
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01066-00254227-00254481 the Nativity former Italian mafia
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01067-00254482-00254691 members have stated that nativity with
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01068-00254692-00254877 Saint Francis and st. Lawrence was
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01069-00254878-00255060 stolen by the Sicilian Mafia and
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01070-00255061-00255281 displayed at important mafia gatherings
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01071-00255282-00255540 former mafia members have said that the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01072-00255541-00255738 Nativity was damaged and has since been
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01073-00255739-00255939 destroyed the whereabouts of the artwork
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01074-00255940-00256173 are still unknown a reproduction
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01075-00256173-00256350 currently hangs in its place in the
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01076-00256351-00257019 oratory of San Lorenzo
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01077-00257019-00257551 topic see also
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01078-00257552-00257944 Caravaggio portal Italian Neorealism
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01079-00257944-00258285 a 1944 2:52 movement characterized by
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01080-00258286-00258537 stories set amongst the disadvantaged
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01081-00258538-00258885 utrecht karevik ism equals equals
4rMJ7OSLKCM-01082-00258886-00259138 footnotes
4rWe1NlrSuM-00000-00000379-00000827 welcome to an episode
4rWe1NlrSuM-00001-00000827-00001049 because I'm actually playing this game
4rWe1NlrSuM-00002-00001050-00001470 right now
4rWe1NlrSuM-00003-00001471-00002159 now let's try and kill the most damn
4rWe1NlrSuM-00004-00002160-00002531 in order to deal high damage
4rWe1NlrSuM-00005-00002532-00002765 I'm gonna need to get
4rWe1NlrSuM-00006-00002766-00003191 all the way to the bottom of from there
4rWe1NlrSuM-00007-00003192-00003750 foreign
4rWe1NlrSuM-00008-00003751-00004480 [Music]
4rWe1NlrSuM-00009-00004481-00006073 [Music]
4rWe1NlrSuM-00010-00006074-00007067 [Music]
4rWe1NlrSuM-00011-00007068-00007337 here this is a good thing
4rWe1NlrSuM-00012-00007338-00007577 I just want to do the most damage we
4rWe1NlrSuM-00013-00007578-00010219 gotta get a pair of beads gloves
4rWe1NlrSuM-00014-00010220-00010559 now I'm very powerful
4rWe1NlrSuM-00015-00010560-00011353 lag
4rWe1NlrSuM-00016-00011354-00011754 issues and
4rXAGffjuH4-00000-00000003-00000296 welcome to the YC weekly and if you stay
4rXAGffjuH4-00001-00000297-00000949 tuned you'll float to
4rXAGffjuH4-00002-00000950-00001290 so who doesn't love trick-or-treating
4rXAGffjuH4-00003-00001291-00001588 exactly it's been an American tradition
4rXAGffjuH4-00004-00001589-00001873 since the late 1920s the usual treat is
4rXAGffjuH4-00005-00001873-00002142 candy unless you're around a rich
4rXAGffjuH4-00006-00002143-00002296 neighborhood then you'll be lucky enough
4rXAGffjuH4-00007-00002297-00002535 to get money instead and the trick is a
4rXAGffjuH4-00008-00002536-00002808 variety of pranks such as keeping
4rXAGffjuH4-00009-00002809-00002985 people's houses egging their houses
4rXAGffjuH4-00010-00002986-00003289 cities stringing their property burning
4rXAGffjuH4-00011-00003290-00003661 dog poop on their porches 2,000 years
4rXAGffjuH4-00012-00003661-00003988 later creating their cars playing
4rXAGffjuH4-00013-00003989-00004431 ding-dong-ditch and throwing stink bombs
4rXAGffjuH4-00014-00004432-00004894 all right but be careful some people
4rXAGffjuH4-00015-00004895-00005248 trigger tree without precautions what
4rXAGffjuH4-00016-00005249-00005404 you're talking about Willis well you
4rXAGffjuH4-00017-00005405-00005967 know the candy right because sugar rush
4rXAGffjuH4-00018-00005968-00006528 diabetes that no cavities cavities well
4rXAGffjuH4-00019-00006529-00006973 besides that some candy can be tampered
4rXAGffjuH4-00020-00006973-00007278 with candied apples for example can be
4rXAGffjuH4-00021-00007279-00007614 poisoned or have razor blades in them
4rXAGffjuH4-00022-00007615-00007951 and in some cases some trick-or-treaters
4rXAGffjuH4-00023-00007952-00008506 will instead get needles or drugs right
4rXAGffjuH4-00024-00008507-00008683 like that incident in California where
4rXAGffjuH4-00025-00008684-00008836 the mother took her daughter Snickers
4rXAGffjuH4-00026-00008837-00009004 bar and then she ended up in the
4rXAGffjuH4-00027-00009005-00009163 hospital with symptoms of someone who'd
4rXAGffjuH4-00028-00009164-00009487 just dropped acid crazy I definitely
4rXAGffjuH4-00029-00009488-00009628 want to want a trick-or-treat after that
4rXAGffjuH4-00030-00009629-00009841 well then you won't want to even more
4rXAGffjuH4-00031-00009842-00010021 after I tell you that this night is used
4rXAGffjuH4-00032-00010022-00010261 to initiate gang members and commit
4rXAGffjuH4-00033-00010262-00010432 other criminal acts on top of that
4rXAGffjuH4-00034-00010433-00010696 people conjure spirits and sacrifice
4rXAGffjuH4-00035-00010697-00011158 poor animal well Halloween is no
4rXAGffjuH4-00036-00011159-00011299 stranger to violence but there are other
4rXAGffjuH4-00037-00011300-00011449 reasons why some people don't celebrate
4rXAGffjuH4-00038-00011450-00011764 it like religious reasons yeah there are
4rXAGffjuH4-00039-00011765-00011899 assumptions that the celebration of
4rXAGffjuH4-00040-00011900-00012142 Halloween is associated with Satanism or
4rXAGffjuH4-00041-00012143-00012334 paganism some people are against
4rXAGffjuH4-00042-00012335-00012523 celebrating the dead or worshipping the
4rXAGffjuH4-00043-00012524-00012760 devil basically praising the force that
4rXAGffjuH4-00044-00012761-00012955 is not God is frowned upon that's why
4rXAGffjuH4-00045-00012956-00013213 those who believe in God or the
4rXAGffjuH4-00046-00013213-00013450 existence of other gods don't dress up
4rXAGffjuH4-00047-00013451-00013630 decorate their homes or go
4rXAGffjuH4-00048-00013631-00013869 trick-or-treating that makes sense it's
4rXAGffjuH4-00049-00013870-00014077 also really dangerous to go out at that
4rXAGffjuH4-00050-00014078-00014257 time and night not only are kids
4rXAGffjuH4-00051-00014258-00014311 knocking
4rXAGffjuH4-00052-00014312-00014541 the door strangers but there are drunk
4rXAGffjuH4-00053-00014543-00014863 drivers that increase the risk of
4rXAGffjuH4-00054-00014863-00015085 accidents well you know it's just best
4rXAGffjuH4-00055-00015086-00015261 to stay aware on Halloween whether
4rXAGffjuH4-00056-00015262-00015469 you're participating or not regardless
4rXAGffjuH4-00057-00015469-00015652 of what you believe in Halloween is a
4rXAGffjuH4-00058-00015653-00015891 time to express yourself so throw
4rXAGffjuH4-00059-00015893-00016116 whatever you want put on a costume bake
4rXAGffjuH4-00060-00016118-00016300 your face and make up eat lots of candy
4rXAGffjuH4-00061-00016301-00016797 with discretion and remember your flow
4rXAGffjuH4-00062-00016798-00017073 to
4uAmlUlOusg-00002-00028463-00030514 you
4uAmlUlOusg-00003-00030516-00031643 you
4uAmlUlOusg-00005-00041602-00042085 we'd like to call to order the design
4uAmlUlOusg-00006-00042086-00042304 review meeting with Michael birch coming
4uAmlUlOusg-00007-00042305-00042649 forward sauntering it good stead with
4uAmlUlOusg-00008-00042650-00042826 strength and confidence and he'll take
4uAmlUlOusg-00010-00046038-00046469 I should have had tearaway sweats or
4uAmlUlOusg-00011-00046470-00047933 something Pattee roll call let the
4uAmlUlOusg-00012-00047934-00048107 record reflect that all board members
4uAmlUlOusg-00013-00048108-00048326 are present except for a board member
4uAmlUlOusg-00014-00048327-00049451 Zuko and at this point this is where we
4uAmlUlOusg-00015-00049452-00049625 look to the approval of the minutes item
4uAmlUlOusg-00016-00049626-00049850 two we have the November 15th draft
4uAmlUlOusg-00017-00049851-00050146 minutes in the December 6 draft minutes
4uAmlUlOusg-00018-00050147-00050384 any comments that have not been brought
4uAmlUlOusg-00019-00050385-00050602 to Patty's attention Trevor I have a
4uAmlUlOusg-00020-00050603-00051215 question for staff on this so typically
4uAmlUlOusg-00021-00051216-00051476 with the is this a formatting thing with
4uAmlUlOusg-00022-00051477-00051812 your new system the way that the the
4uAmlUlOusg-00023-00051813-00051983 conditions are listed it's kind of
4uAmlUlOusg-00024-00051984-00052600 strange it's like it's a it's got like
4uAmlUlOusg-00025-00052601-00053015 November 15th see how it's like it's
4uAmlUlOusg-00026-00053016-00053873 supposed to be coming yeah it's so it's
4uAmlUlOusg-00027-00053874-00054026 just basically what it's doing is in our
4uAmlUlOusg-00028-00054027-00054473 minutes it's showing the conditions of
4uAmlUlOusg-00029-00054474-00054739 approval kind of just all in line with
4uAmlUlOusg-00030-00054740-00055034 what appears to be HTML formatting tags
4uAmlUlOusg-00031-00055035-00055196 for where it should be creating kind of
4uAmlUlOusg-00032-00055197-00055391 like page breaks or indentations or
4uAmlUlOusg-00033-00055391-00055535 whatnot so that's that's all it is it's
4uAmlUlOusg-00034-00055536-00055792 just a clerical issue and I was curious
4uAmlUlOusg-00035-00055794-00055946 what was causing it right it looks like
4uAmlUlOusg-00036-00055947-00056239 a little bit of computer speak
4uAmlUlOusg-00037-00056240-00056678 hieroglyphs yeah okay we can take a look
4uAmlUlOusg-00038-00056679-00056900 at that petty thank you but I don't see
4uAmlUlOusg-00039-00056901-00057227 any other comments on the minutes move
4uAmlUlOusg-00040-00057228-00057584 on to item three board business that's
4uAmlUlOusg-00041-00057585-00057667 where I read the statement of purpose
4uAmlUlOusg-00042-00057669-00057977 for the design review board the review
4uAmlUlOusg-00043-00057978-00058171 authority shall consider the location
4uAmlUlOusg-00044-00058172-00058417 design site plan configuration and the
4uAmlUlOusg-00045-00058419-00058535 overall effect of the proposed project
4uAmlUlOusg-00046-00058536-00058780 upon surrounding properties and the city
4uAmlUlOusg-00047-00058782-00059024 in general review shall be conducted by
4uAmlUlOusg-00048-00059025-00059189 comparing the proposed project
4uAmlUlOusg-00049-00059190-00059392 to the general plan any applicable
4uAmlUlOusg-00050-00059394-00059651 specific plan applicable zoning code
4uAmlUlOusg-00051-00059652-00059891 standards and requirements consistency
4uAmlUlOusg-00052-00059891-00060050 of the project within the city's design
4uAmlUlOusg-00053-00060051-00060257 guidelines architectural criteria for
4uAmlUlOusg-00054-00060258-00060548 special areas and other applicable city
4uAmlUlOusg-00055-00060549-00060713 requirements such as city policy
4uAmlUlOusg-00056-00060714-00061010 statements and development plans so that
4uAmlUlOusg-00057-00061011-00061208 is the purview of this board at this
4uAmlUlOusg-00058-00061209-00061259 time
4uAmlUlOusg-00059-00061260-00061538 item for public comment on items not on
4uAmlUlOusg-00060-00061539-00061930 today's agenda seeing none will close
4uAmlUlOusg-00061-00061932-00062069 that part of the public hearing and move
4uAmlUlOusg-00062-00062070-00062297 on to item five statements of abstention
4uAmlUlOusg-00063-00062298-00062965 any abstentions from tonight's items
4uAmlUlOusg-00064-00062966-00063401 moving on to item 6.1 Patrick do we need
4uAmlUlOusg-00065-00063402-00063730 to do something with 6.1 it's it's off
4uAmlUlOusg-00066-00063732-00063926 the agenda tonight but do we need to
4uAmlUlOusg-00067-00063927-00064100 move it to another date certain I know
4uAmlUlOusg-00068-00064101-00064409 that sometimes there's it was moved to a
4uAmlUlOusg-00069-00064410-00064661 date certain at the last hearing and I
4uAmlUlOusg-00070-00064662-00064847 want to be careful we can why don't I
4uAmlUlOusg-00071-00064848-00064979 change the order maybe we can ask Bill
4uAmlUlOusg-00072-00064979-00065186 when he gets here we could I believe
4uAmlUlOusg-00073-00065187-00065348 that moving forward it would just be
4uAmlUlOusg-00074-00065349-00065414 reno 'test
4uAmlUlOusg-00075-00065415-00065603 for whenever it is okay whenever it goes
4uAmlUlOusg-00076-00065604-00065729 forward again but it had to be on the
4uAmlUlOusg-00077-00065730-00065876 agenda because it was announced for this
4uAmlUlOusg-00078-00065877-00066272 meeting okay should do we don't need to
4uAmlUlOusg-00079-00066273-00066470 make a motion to move it to a data
4uAmlUlOusg-00080-00066471-00066635 uncertain or it's a date certain now
4uAmlUlOusg-00081-00066636-00068147 patty do so is that an action by the
4uAmlUlOusg-00082-00068148-00068552 board or do we just leave it alone
4uAmlUlOusg-00083-00068553-00069027 okay great perfect we don't want to we
4uAmlUlOusg-00084-00069028-00069156 don't want to make them reset the shot
4uAmlUlOusg-00085-00069157-00069378 clock again that's our second basketball
4uAmlUlOusg-00086-00069379-00069693 analogy of the day right but so we'll
4uAmlUlOusg-00087-00069694-00069945 move on to item this item 6.1 will be
4uAmlUlOusg-00088-00069946-00070308 continued item 6.2 modification to final
4uAmlUlOusg-00089-00070309-00070449 design review for the in at Santa Rosa
4uAmlUlOusg-00090-00070450-00070710 at 111 commercial court file number dr1
4uAmlUlOusg-00091-00070711-00071136 6-0 5-3 and Patrick will look to you for
4uAmlUlOusg-00092-00071137-00071415 staff presentation Thank You chair Burch
4uAmlUlOusg-00093-00071416-00071628 members the design Review Board the item
4uAmlUlOusg-00094-00071629-00071820 before you is a proposed amendment to
4uAmlUlOusg-00095-00071821-00072042 file design review which was approved by
4uAmlUlOusg-00096-00072043-00072381 this board the project is a 100-room
4uAmlUlOusg-00097-00072382-00072651 hotel in southeast Santa Rosa a 111
4uAmlUlOusg-00098-00072652-00072945 Commercial Court it's a 55 foot tall
4uAmlUlOusg-00099-00072946-00073047 building
4uAmlUlOusg-00100-00073048-00073242 it would include typical hotel amenities
4uAmlUlOusg-00101-00073243-00073475 including an outdoor pool and patio
4uAmlUlOusg-00102-00073476-00073809 courtyard balconies support cochere as
4uAmlUlOusg-00103-00073810-00074133 well as a terrace on the 4th floor all
4uAmlUlOusg-00104-00074134-00074346 the modifications that are proposed are
4uAmlUlOusg-00105-00074347-00074538 to the materials on the exterior of the
4uAmlUlOusg-00106-00074539-00074676 building so there's no changes proposed
4uAmlUlOusg-00107-00074677-00074967 to the architecture or to the the site
4uAmlUlOusg-00108-00074968-00075269 layout of the project or the footprint
4uAmlUlOusg-00109-00075270-00075501 so the project is located at 111
4uAmlUlOusg-00110-00075502-00075792 commercial court which is just off of
4uAmlUlOusg-00111-00075793-00075990 Santa Rosa Avenue in the southeast
4uAmlUlOusg-00112-00075991-00076365 portion of the town the project parcel
4uAmlUlOusg-00113-00076366-00076704 it was previously vacant it is now under
4uAmlUlOusg-00114-00076705-00076877 construction so if you've driven on
4uAmlUlOusg-00115-00076878-00077169 highway 101 you'll see the framing going
4uAmlUlOusg-00116-00077170-00077412 up for the hotel which is is presently
4uAmlUlOusg-00117-00077413-00077721 under construction and so the need to
4uAmlUlOusg-00118-00077722-00077880 come back in front of this board to talk
4uAmlUlOusg-00119-00077881-00078078 about any changes to materials that
4uAmlUlOusg-00120-00078079-00078507 would be proposed so the changes that
4uAmlUlOusg-00121-00078508-00078675 are shown in the slide show that we're
4uAmlUlOusg-00122-00078676-00078849 also in your packet are slightly
4uAmlUlOusg-00123-00078850-00079026 different from what's in front of you
4uAmlUlOusg-00124-00079027-00079224 there's some new renderings which just
4uAmlUlOusg-00125-00079225-00079482 arrived today there are three sets so
4uAmlUlOusg-00126-00079483-00079854 staff would ask that the board try to
4uAmlUlOusg-00127-00079855-00080412 share if possible and the changes are
4uAmlUlOusg-00128-00080413-00080622 like like what's previously mentioned
4uAmlUlOusg-00129-00080623-00080886 only to the materials and to the colors
4uAmlUlOusg-00130-00080887-00081090 so there's no changes proposed to the
4uAmlUlOusg-00131-00081091-00081576 architecture of the building and the the
4uAmlUlOusg-00132-00081577-00082122 changes are proposed for all four sides
4uAmlUlOusg-00133-00082123-00082532 and because the the changes are
4uAmlUlOusg-00134-00082533-00082801 aesthetic in nature and it is going in
4uAmlUlOusg-00135-00082802-00082906 front of this board again for
4uAmlUlOusg-00136-00082907-00083140 consideration it's the recommendation of
4uAmlUlOusg-00137-00083141-00083287 planning and economic development that
4uAmlUlOusg-00138-00083288-00083457 the design review board by resolution
4uAmlUlOusg-00139-00083458-00083671 approval modification to final design
4uAmlUlOusg-00140-00083672-00083905 review for the in etc as a hotel project
4uAmlUlOusg-00141-00083906-00084130 and the applicant team is also present
4uAmlUlOusg-00142-00084131-00084523 and able to answer any questions thank
4uAmlUlOusg-00143-00084524-00084766 you we'll start with questions from the
4uAmlUlOusg-00144-00084767-00085345 board to staff any from this end no drew
4uAmlUlOusg-00145-00085346-00085707 Warren all right look to the applicants
4uAmlUlOusg-00146-00085708-00086076 make a quick presentation as you'd like
4uAmlUlOusg-00147-00086077-00086692 to make it can be that's right give us
4uAmlUlOusg-00148-00086693-00086809 your name and relationship to the
4uAmlUlOusg-00149-00086810-00087025 project as you start and you just sit
4uAmlUlOusg-00150-00087026-00087514 with Patrick and good evening my name is
4uAmlUlOusg-00151-00087515-00087796 Andrew Firestone on the owner and
4uAmlUlOusg-00152-00087797-00088110 representative for the Inn at Santa Rosa
4uAmlUlOusg-00153-00088111-00088336 and I apologize what we had given
4uAmlUlOusg-00154-00088337-00088606 Patrick was updated and we asked the
4uAmlUlOusg-00155-00088607-00088774 design team to actually more accurately
4uAmlUlOusg-00156-00088775-00088906 represent what the materials were going
4uAmlUlOusg-00157-00088907-00089094 to be which is in that packet they're
4uAmlUlOusg-00158-00089095-00089446 the printer messed up and only got three
4uAmlUlOusg-00159-00089447-00089584 copies so I apologize we got it right
4uAmlUlOusg-00160-00089585-00089800 here locally so it was a bit of a mad
4uAmlUlOusg-00161-00089801-00089919 dash but we wanted to give the most
4uAmlUlOusg-00162-00089920-00090511 accurate representation there there's a
4uAmlUlOusg-00163-00090512-00090769 narrative that was written by by the
4uAmlUlOusg-00164-00090770-00091039 design group also they provided the
4uAmlUlOusg-00165-00091040-00091251 materials that will be used and the
4uAmlUlOusg-00166-00091252-00091621 colors that will be used only one change
4uAmlUlOusg-00167-00091622-00091861 one of the marvels up there it's gonna
4uAmlUlOusg-00168-00091862-00092080 have a ribbed texture to it which they
4uAmlUlOusg-00169-00092081-00092239 couldn't get it in time for this meeting
4uAmlUlOusg-00170-00092240-00092614 but that was the those are the material
4uAmlUlOusg-00171-00092615-00092680 that will be used
4uAmlUlOusg-00172-00092681-00093118 I talked to Patrick about having this
4uAmlUlOusg-00173-00093119-00093346 meeting a lot of times what what happens
4uAmlUlOusg-00174-00093347-00093444 in these meetings is there's a value
4uAmlUlOusg-00175-00093445-00093736 engineering going on this actually is
4uAmlUlOusg-00176-00093737-00093862 probably a little bit different we
4uAmlUlOusg-00177-00093863-00094135 actually are we took a closer look at
4uAmlUlOusg-00178-00094136-00094321 the exterior of the building we've spent
4uAmlUlOusg-00179-00094322-00094549 a lot of time and money and design work
4uAmlUlOusg-00180-00094550-00094699 on the interior and we wanted to make
4uAmlUlOusg-00181-00094700-00094924 sure the exterior matched it and so it's
4uAmlUlOusg-00182-00094925-00095084 kind of been an evolving process
4uAmlUlOusg-00183-00095085-00095381 and with sure you all aware the price of
4uAmlUlOusg-00184-00095382-00095603 construction these days you know the the
4uAmlUlOusg-00185-00095604-00095786 the project got more expensive and we
4uAmlUlOusg-00186-00095787-00095906 wanted to make sure that reflected in
4uAmlUlOusg-00187-00095907-00096071 some of the design pieces on the
4uAmlUlOusg-00188-00096072-00096326 exterior as well and that is why we've
4uAmlUlOusg-00189-00096327-00096536 limited some of the stucco and gone with
4uAmlUlOusg-00190-00096537-00096653 some more
4uAmlUlOusg-00191-00096654-00096911 I think high-grade materials for the
4uAmlUlOusg-00192-00096912-00097157 exterior I won't pretend to be able to
4uAmlUlOusg-00193-00097158-00097442 speak architects speak or design speak
4uAmlUlOusg-00194-00097443-00097637 but it's all out here laid out in the
4uAmlUlOusg-00195-00097638-00097984 and a narrative in terms of why the
4uAmlUlOusg-00196-00097985-00098234 designers pick the materials and the
4uAmlUlOusg-00197-00098235-00098552 colors when it was presented it just
4uAmlUlOusg-00198-00098553-00098651 looked really good to me
4uAmlUlOusg-00199-00098652-00098828 I just I think it's really attractive
4uAmlUlOusg-00200-00098829-00099304 and I think that those printed
4uAmlUlOusg-00201-00099305-00099641 renderings I think speak to that so
4uAmlUlOusg-00202-00099642-00100231 we're excited to be under construction
4uAmlUlOusg-00203-00100232-00100457 let's see about two and a half floors
4uAmlUlOusg-00204-00100458-00100694 into the four floors being framed so far
4uAmlUlOusg-00205-00100695-00101168 it's a little muddy today but just
4uAmlUlOusg-00206-00101169-00101300 thrilled to have this project moving
4uAmlUlOusg-00207-00101301-00101513 forward and be happy to answer any
4uAmlUlOusg-00208-00101514-00101735 questions more specifically if I can in
4uAmlUlOusg-00209-00101736-00101960 terms of materials I do have scribble on
4uAmlUlOusg-00210-00101961-00102080 the back of those materials to show
4uAmlUlOusg-00211-00102081-00102278 exactly where they would go in terms of
4uAmlUlOusg-00212-00102279-00102704 the layout of the building great thank
4uAmlUlOusg-00213-00102705-00102767 you
4uAmlUlOusg-00214-00102768-00102914 we'll start with questions for the
4uAmlUlOusg-00215-00102915-00103202 applicant from this end Eric C Brad
4uAmlUlOusg-00216-00103203-00104083 Scott drew I just had one on the East
4uAmlUlOusg-00217-00104084-00104282 elevation and what you just gave us
4uAmlUlOusg-00218-00104283-00104957 versus yeah yeah there are only three
4uAmlUlOusg-00219-00104958-00105583 copies yeah electronic so we have looks
4uAmlUlOusg-00220-00105584-00105917 like there's some pilasters on the east
4uAmlUlOusg-00221-00105918-00106094 elevation in the electronic submittal
4uAmlUlOusg-00222-00106095-00106373 and I'm assuming they're gone just for
4uAmlUlOusg-00223-00106374-00106916 clarification the pilasters here you
4uAmlUlOusg-00224-00106917-00107044 come look at mine
4uAmlUlOusg-00225-00107045-00107373 make it easy
4uAmlUlOusg-00226-00107374-00107713 so you see this was our pilasters yeah
4uAmlUlOusg-00227-00107714-00107854 and it looks like you guys have
4uAmlUlOusg-00228-00107855-00108031 eliminated them yep in here is that
4uAmlUlOusg-00229-00108032-00109804 correct that wouldn't look at the floor
4uAmlUlOusg-00230-00109805-00110050 plans here we'll see yeah leave it to
4uAmlUlOusg-00231-00110051-00110422 the architects to find that stuff but
4uAmlUlOusg-00232-00110423-00110554 again none of the none of the
4uAmlUlOusg-00233-00110555-00110716 articulation of the building the
4uAmlUlOusg-00234-00110717-00110875 parapets everything's staying exactly
4uAmlUlOusg-00235-00110876-00110989 the same it's just literally the the
4uAmlUlOusg-00236-00110990-00111172 finished materials in the exterior that
4uAmlUlOusg-00237-00111173-00111625 were that were changes being proposed
4uAmlUlOusg-00238-00111626-00111858 and you can see on that the ribbed
4uAmlUlOusg-00239-00111859-00111991 marble is the what I was referring to
4uAmlUlOusg-00240-00111992-00112255 which I don't have an example of here
4uAmlUlOusg-00241-00112256-00112699 yeah so it does look like on the plan
4uAmlUlOusg-00242-00112700-00112867 set that's included it does look like
4uAmlUlOusg-00243-00112868-00113136 those pilasters or bump outs are present
4uAmlUlOusg-00244-00113138-00113704 however they're not on this document so
4uAmlUlOusg-00245-00113705-00114025 on the floor plan we got yeah yeah this
4uAmlUlOusg-00246-00114026-00114214 was this was primarily to show that the
4uAmlUlOusg-00247-00114215-00114439 the changes in the in the material
4uAmlUlOusg-00248-00114440-00114676 exterior material so I would have to I
4uAmlUlOusg-00249-00114677-00114970 would assume that those bump out
4uAmlUlOusg-00250-00114971-00115252 wouldn't wouldn't change I wouldn't know
4uAmlUlOusg-00251-00115253-00115765 why they would those are on the East
4uAmlUlOusg-00252-00115766-00116070 elevation that you're seeing right true
4uAmlUlOusg-00253-00116071-00116863 from the old renderings there's actually
4uAmlUlOusg-00254-00116864-00117033 some appeal the pilasters aren't
4uAmlUlOusg-00255-00117034-00117223 probably structural their architectural
4uAmlUlOusg-00256-00117224-00117391 but no if you look at the cleanness of
4uAmlUlOusg-00257-00117392-00117639 your latest there's actually some appeal
4uAmlUlOusg-00258-00117640-00117916 that they're not necessary to they may
4uAmlUlOusg-00259-00117917-00118129 not yeah and that's that's kind of I
4uAmlUlOusg-00260-00118130-00118620 guess we're going in the comments now
4uAmlUlOusg-00261-00118621-00118840 let me ask the question I don't mean to
4uAmlUlOusg-00262-00118841-00118975 jump everyone I just want to try to
4uAmlUlOusg-00263-00118976-00119085 understand from looking at the
4uAmlUlOusg-00264-00119086-00119350 renderings I'm looking at the renderings
4uAmlUlOusg-00265-00119351-00119772 that
4uAmlUlOusg-00266-00119773-00120049 the perspective views and I think these
4uAmlUlOusg-00267-00120050-00120258 are with the new materials I'm looking
4uAmlUlOusg-00268-00120259-00120558 at sheet 4 in the package am I reading
4uAmlUlOusg-00269-00120559-00121390 that the Pacifica Blanco that appears to
4uAmlUlOusg-00270-00121391-00121720 be is it so the primary material here is
4uAmlUlOusg-00271-00121721-00122074 is more of a are we talking about sort
4uAmlUlOusg-00272-00122075-00122428 of a faux okay so this is the tile and
4uAmlUlOusg-00273-00122429-00122644 then we resolve at the East elevation
4uAmlUlOusg-00274-00122645-00123001 into stucco that's scored are we still
4uAmlUlOusg-00275-00123002-00123697 Pacific go Blanco stucco has gone all
4uAmlUlOusg-00276-00123698-00123901 together so so the building wraps four
4uAmlUlOusg-00277-00123902-00125116 sides in Pacific o Blanco okay or the
4uAmlUlOusg-00278-00125117-00125224 gray Mouse that's right
4uAmlUlOusg-00279-00125225-00125704 got it yeah I think it's probably mega
4uAmlUlOusg-00280-00125705-00126331 graves and I know that color great is it
4uAmlUlOusg-00281-00126332-00126523 gray it's pretty great yeah that's
4uAmlUlOusg-00282-00126524-00126649 everybody's favorite color right now
4uAmlUlOusg-00283-00126650-00127131 that's the color of the Year mega Gray's
4uAmlUlOusg-00284-00127132-00127582 yeah I guess it was just it was hard for
4uAmlUlOusg-00285-00127583-00127798 me to read what was going on on the East
4uAmlUlOusg-00286-00127799-00127935 elevation and if we were making a
4uAmlUlOusg-00287-00127936-00128155 transition because on sheet 4 and I
4uAmlUlOusg-00288-00128156-00128266 don't know if you guys have sheet for
4uAmlUlOusg-00289-00128267-00128634 open down there oh we've got to down
4uAmlUlOusg-00290-00128635-00129274 here here okay on sheet for you can see
4uAmlUlOusg-00291-00129275-00129496 that as the at the on the end of the
4uAmlUlOusg-00292-00129497-00129619 building on what would be the north end
4uAmlUlOusg-00293-00129620-00129853 of the that tower there appears to be
4uAmlUlOusg-00294-00129854-00130029 sort of a graphic distinction between
4uAmlUlOusg-00295-00130030-00130264 the material on the north end of the
4uAmlUlOusg-00296-00130265-00130423 tower with the three stories of windows
4uAmlUlOusg-00297-00130424-00130654 and turning the corner and I'm just I'm
4uAmlUlOusg-00298-00130655-00131695 trying to see
4uAmlUlOusg-00299-00131696-00132056 okay see the front is great
4uAmlUlOusg-00300-00132057-00132227 there's no stuck on good that's what I
4uAmlUlOusg-00301-00132228-00132332 was I was trying to make sure that I
4uAmlUlOusg-00302-00132333-00132536 understood the key and what surfaces had
4uAmlUlOusg-00303-00132537-00132694 wet and I could see graphically that
4uAmlUlOusg-00304-00132695-00132923 there were changes but I wanted to make
4uAmlUlOusg-00305-00132924-00133976 sure I understood them great that
4uAmlUlOusg-00306-00133977-00134254 answers yeah one of my questions drew
4uAmlUlOusg-00307-00134255-00134941 are you still young questions Warren no
4uAmlUlOusg-00308-00134942-00136166 it's really hope I hope you guys we've
4uAmlUlOusg-00309-00136167-00136289 struggled with you know we move from
4uAmlUlOusg-00310-00136290-00136457 building seven where we had our warm
4uAmlUlOusg-00311-00136458-00136583 fuzzy meetings and they were fun and
4uAmlUlOusg-00312-00136584-00136729 applicants like you guys have brought
4uAmlUlOusg-00313-00136730-00136866 great stuff forward it works really well
4uAmlUlOusg-00314-00136867-00137087 when we have applicants with more issues
4uAmlUlOusg-00315-00137088-00137261 we do like to have them over there and
4uAmlUlOusg-00316-00137262-00137891 treat them coldly so it's this is very
4uAmlUlOusg-00317-00137892-00138089 formal I said a picture of this to my
4uAmlUlOusg-00318-00138090-00138200 kids so they think that I'm working
4uAmlUlOusg-00319-00138201-00138494 tonight so I did that one more question
4uAmlUlOusg-00320-00138495-00138638 I think we've got to figure it out but I
4uAmlUlOusg-00321-00138639-00138797 want to make sure it's we're reading it
4uAmlUlOusg-00322-00138798-00139109 correctly so it appears that there are
4uAmlUlOusg-00323-00139110-00139388 three paint colors yes but the three
4uAmlUlOusg-00324-00139389-00139604 paint colors are actually two stucco
4uAmlUlOusg-00325-00139605-00139854 colors and a trim color is that correct
4uAmlUlOusg-00326-00139855-00140165 am i reading yes so the Benjamin Moore
4uAmlUlOusg-00327-00140166-00140531 satchel is is the parapet is that the
4uAmlUlOusg-00328-00140532-00140831 metal parapet color is that that's this
4uAmlUlOusg-00329-00140832-00140993 right yeah that's the kind of that
4uAmlUlOusg-00330-00140994-00141227 replication that's the eyebrow and kind
4uAmlUlOusg-00331-00141228-00143288 of the are that that's the star and then
4uAmlUlOusg-00332-00143289-00143495 this black right here is that the same
4uAmlUlOusg-00333-00143496-00143723 as the Thunderer gray or is that also
4uAmlUlOusg-00334-00143724-00143957 the that's the slate okay so this is the
4uAmlUlOusg-00335-00143958-00144059 slate down
4uAmlUlOusg-00336-00144060-00144242 here okay that's the slit and the
4uAmlUlOusg-00337-00144243-00144416 parapet okay so your whole front is
4uAmlUlOusg-00338-00144417-00144716 stucco free it's stucco less devoted to
4uAmlUlOusg-00339-00144717-00145013 stuck a lift yes yeah okay cool I think
4uAmlUlOusg-00340-00145014-00145202 that's our that was my quick I just
4uAmlUlOusg-00341-00145203-00145322 wanted to clarify where some of these
4uAmlUlOusg-00342-00145323-00145565 materials are okay to make it easy
4uAmlUlOusg-00343-00145566-00145840 Thanks
4uAmlUlOusg-00344-00145841-00146012 great so if there aren't further
4uAmlUlOusg-00345-00146013-00146168 questions for the applicant let's start
4uAmlUlOusg-00346-00146169-00146510 with potentially a motion here from the
4uAmlUlOusg-00347-00146511-00146762 board we've got we've got a motion we
4uAmlUlOusg-00348-00146763-00147035 have a recommendation from I got you
4uAmlUlOusg-00349-00147036-00147398 covered design review I move that we
4uAmlUlOusg-00350-00147399-00147581 approve modifications final Design
4uAmlUlOusg-00351-00147582-00147809 Review The Inn at Santa Rosa 111
4uAmlUlOusg-00352-00147810-00148282 commercial court file number dr 1605 3
4uAmlUlOusg-00353-00148283-00148610 waive reading of the text and I do have
4uAmlUlOusg-00354-00148611-00148796 one condition that I would like to add
4uAmlUlOusg-00355-00148797-00148957 to it as part of the motion and that
4uAmlUlOusg-00356-00148958-00149347 condition is to remove the superfluous
4uAmlUlOusg-00357-00149348-00149543 pilasters that were present in the
4uAmlUlOusg-00358-00149544-00150068 previous middle package and actually go
4uAmlUlOusg-00359-00150069-00150715 with the East elevation as reflected
4uAmlUlOusg-00360-00150716-00151139 yeah okay so that is my motion is there
4uAmlUlOusg-00361-00151140-00151600 a second zebra with the second and
4uAmlUlOusg-00362-00151601-00151958 discussion we'll start with you Erica no
4uAmlUlOusg-00363-00151959-00152657 comments Sabra I just like to commend
4uAmlUlOusg-00364-00152658-00152875 the applicant because I think the
4uAmlUlOusg-00365-00152876-00153161 revised drawings are a good deal more
4uAmlUlOusg-00366-00153162-00153455 varied and interesting than the original
4uAmlUlOusg-00367-00153456-00153806 drawing so from a an architectural
4uAmlUlOusg-00368-00153807-00154052 standpoint I see this as much more use
4uAmlUlOusg-00369-00154053-00154603 of material in creative ways thank you
4uAmlUlOusg-00370-00154604-00154733 Scott
4uAmlUlOusg-00371-00154734-00155033 I would echo that comment I liked the
4uAmlUlOusg-00372-00155034-00155225 other iteration then I liked this one
4uAmlUlOusg-00373-00155226-00155419 even better and I think it's more unique
4uAmlUlOusg-00374-00155420-00156145 to its own project so nice work drew
4uAmlUlOusg-00375-00156146-00156419 yeah I wasn't on design review board
4uAmlUlOusg-00376-00156420-00156565 when you guys presented this originally
4uAmlUlOusg-00377-00156566-00156767 so I just took a little bit of time the
4uAmlUlOusg-00378-00156768-00156887 other day to look at them and I think
4uAmlUlOusg-00379-00156888-00156977 actually this one's a little bit
4uAmlUlOusg-00380-00156978-00157157 stronger thank you for putting together
4uAmlUlOusg-00381-00157158-00157305 a really good package
4uAmlUlOusg-00382-00157306-00157755 and my only comment is I'm not a huge
4uAmlUlOusg-00383-00157756-00158172 fan of fake wood but I understand the
4uAmlUlOusg-00384-00158173-00158499 durability that you want in your wood
4uAmlUlOusg-00385-00158500-00158658 materials and but still getting that
4uAmlUlOusg-00386-00158659-00158868 warmth of wood so that's my only real
4uAmlUlOusg-00387-00158869-00159366 comment Warren it's that one I wanted to
4uAmlUlOusg-00388-00159367-00159840 commend you for a really in my opinion a
4uAmlUlOusg-00389-00159841-00160026 great example of what the future could
4uAmlUlOusg-00390-00160027-00160221 be with both maintenance and aesthetics
4uAmlUlOusg-00391-00160222-00160523 I'm never really a fan of cultured stone
4uAmlUlOusg-00392-00160524-00160836 and it fades over time even so this is
4uAmlUlOusg-00393-00160837-00160998 to me it's a real triumph of new
4uAmlUlOusg-00394-00160999-00161265 materials there's amazing things going
4uAmlUlOusg-00395-00161266-00161580 on with durability now and aesthetics so
4uAmlUlOusg-00396-00161581-00161943 this ought to be maintenance-free it's
4uAmlUlOusg-00397-00161944-00162201 fresh and I hope the signage complements
4uAmlUlOusg-00398-00162202-00162465 the elegance and taste you thus far
4uAmlUlOusg-00399-00162466-00163095 achieved yeah all of the same comments I
4uAmlUlOusg-00400-00163096-00163557 appreciate that we don't always see
4uAmlUlOusg-00401-00163558-00163740 people back here making their project
4uAmlUlOusg-00402-00163741-00164100 better cook this masochistic sort of
4uAmlUlOusg-00403-00164101-00164490 urged to make it great so it is and you
4uAmlUlOusg-00404-00164491-00164664 guys did that you guys actually I think
4uAmlUlOusg-00405-00164665-00164907 this is a step up in materials and I
4uAmlUlOusg-00406-00164908-00165131 think it's gonna be a little bit more
4uAmlUlOusg-00407-00165132-00165615 there's gonna be some long term the look
4uAmlUlOusg-00408-00165616-00165786 is gonna last I think some of the some
4uAmlUlOusg-00409-00165787-00165912 of the older materials they look great
4uAmlUlOusg-00410-00165913-00166077 today but I think that this is just a
4uAmlUlOusg-00411-00166078-00166377 little more restrained and refined and
4uAmlUlOusg-00412-00166378-00166560 it's great the one comment I have and I
4uAmlUlOusg-00413-00166561-00166875 hate to say on page four of the document
4uAmlUlOusg-00414-00166876-00167163 is my only thought and we don't have a
4uAmlUlOusg-00415-00167164-00167442 completely keyed set of drawings but
4uAmlUlOusg-00416-00167443-00167736 there are two tower elements and at the
4uAmlUlOusg-00417-00167737-00168006 north and the south and my comment about
4uAmlUlOusg-00418-00168007-00168381 it appearing as though the return to the
4uAmlUlOusg-00419-00168382-00168564 eastern facade of that stair tower
4uAmlUlOusg-00420-00168565-00168786 appears to be stucco right now and I
4uAmlUlOusg-00421-00168787-00168993 would love to see that
4uAmlUlOusg-00422-00168994-00169351 be done in the Pacific Oh Blanco so that
4uAmlUlOusg-00423-00169352-00169576 it looks like that whole tower on that
4uAmlUlOusg-00424-00169577-00169840 end of the building is a tower and that
4uAmlUlOusg-00425-00169841-00170173 it's a probably a 10 foot wide segment
4uAmlUlOusg-00426-00170174-00170434 of and I just want to confirm that where
4uAmlUlOusg-00427-00170435-00170656 the tower returns at the south end and
4uAmlUlOusg-00428-00170657-00171013 it appears so from the materials that
4uAmlUlOusg-00429-00171014-00171247 that end of the tower also returns so
4uAmlUlOusg-00430-00171248-00171388 that just just as those things return
4uAmlUlOusg-00431-00171389-00171559 around to the east they don't they don't
4uAmlUlOusg-00432-00171560-00171718 just automatically turn to stucco that
4uAmlUlOusg-00433-00171719-00172000 the towers both have you know at least
4uAmlUlOusg-00434-00172001-00172156 they're three sides that are bolted onto
4uAmlUlOusg-00435-00172157-00172378 the end so I don't know I'm the first
4uAmlUlOusg-00436-00172379-00172573 one to make that recommendation it
4uAmlUlOusg-00437-00172574-00172735 haven't heard it from anybody else but I
4uAmlUlOusg-00438-00172736-00172936 actually think you might be reading the
4uAmlUlOusg-00439-00172937-00173112 set wrong because if you look on sheet 1
4uAmlUlOusg-00440-00173113-00173383 it's it's deceptive because there's
4uAmlUlOusg-00441-00173384-00173695 shadow but if you look on set one on the
4uAmlUlOusg-00442-00173696-00173890 east elevation there there is a color
4uAmlUlOusg-00443-00173891-00174049 differential but do you think it's you
4uAmlUlOusg-00444-00174050-00174205 think it's right I think it's right cool
4uAmlUlOusg-00445-00174206-00174445 yeah I think it's I'm looking at a
4uAmlUlOusg-00446-00174446-00174598 rendering further up that just doesn't
4uAmlUlOusg-00447-00174599-00174763 so it looks it looks as though it's
4uAmlUlOusg-00448-00174764-00174895 keyed right we probably don't need to
4uAmlUlOusg-00449-00174896-00175033 don't need to make it part of the
4uAmlUlOusg-00450-00175034-00175711 conditions so at this point I I don't
4uAmlUlOusg-00451-00175712-00175879 hear any other conditions arise out of
4uAmlUlOusg-00452-00175880-00176281 the discussion he's made it part of the
4uAmlUlOusg-00453-00176282-00177036 motion yep so if we can call for a vote
4uAmlUlOusg-00454-00177037-00177528 there's nothing - yeah
4uAmlUlOusg-00455-00177529-00178102 board members Briere yes Kinkaid i gold
4uAmlUlOusg-00456-00178103-00178888 slug hi-y gold and birch all right great
4uAmlUlOusg-00457-00178889-00179400 thank you guys thank you very much
4uAmlUlOusg-00458-00179401-00180136 you as well yes just quickly in these in
4uAmlUlOusg-00459-00180137-00180391 these in these elevations it does appear
4uAmlUlOusg-00460-00180392-00180649 that this strip this is the strip that I
4uAmlUlOusg-00461-00180650-00180850 was concerned about because where I read
4uAmlUlOusg-00462-00180851-00181015 that on page four
4uAmlUlOusg-00463-00181016-00181315 it didn't key the same yeah but it looks
4uAmlUlOusg-00464-00181316-00181975 like it is keyed the same perfect it
4uAmlUlOusg-00465-00181976-00182311 looks right it looks right so thank you
4uAmlUlOusg-00466-00182312-00183964 very much moving on to item seven board
4uAmlUlOusg-00467-00183965-00184776 member reports any board member reports
4uAmlUlOusg-00468-00184777-00184993 item eight bill do we want to talk
4uAmlUlOusg-00469-00184994-00185395 quickly about vacancies elections etc
4uAmlUlOusg-00470-00185396-00185782 etc we can and I think it's mostly a
4uAmlUlOusg-00471-00185783-00185923 reiteration of what I mentioned last
4uAmlUlOusg-00472-00185924-00186388 time with some new activity movement on
4uAmlUlOusg-00473-00186389-00186523 the City Council will have some
4uAmlUlOusg-00474-00186524-00186808 opportunities for reappointments or new
4uAmlUlOusg-00475-00186809-00187177 appointments if your term is up and you
4uAmlUlOusg-00476-00187178-00187348 would like to remain on the board you
4uAmlUlOusg-00477-00187349-00187594 would need to reapply so you can fill
4uAmlUlOusg-00478-00187595-00187750 the paperwork out submit it to the city
4uAmlUlOusg-00479-00187751-00188101 clerk and if you're not interested you
4uAmlUlOusg-00480-00188102-00188245 can have discussions directly with your
4uAmlUlOusg-00481-00188246-00188461 council member or if your term is up
4uAmlUlOusg-00482-00188462-00188851 just not submit new information as it
4uAmlUlOusg-00483-00188852-00189210 stands the policy is you stay until
4uAmlUlOusg-00484-00189211-00189591 reappointed or replaced so then I
4uAmlUlOusg-00485-00189592-00189798 mentioned that at the last meeting so I
4uAmlUlOusg-00486-00189799-00190081 have no information right now from any
4uAmlUlOusg-00487-00190082-00190368 of the new members or the mayor so
4uAmlUlOusg-00488-00190369-00190629 that's the status quo great would this
4uAmlUlOusg-00489-00190630-00190765 be an appropriate time for me to share
4uAmlUlOusg-00490-00190766-00191314 what I know yes okay it's my the the new
4uAmlUlOusg-00491-00191315-00191476 board member Victoria Fleming who was
4uAmlUlOusg-00492-00191477-00191887 elected to district 4 where I believe
4uAmlUlOusg-00493-00191888-00192255 four or five of us actually live
4uAmlUlOusg-00494-00192256-00192667 she contacted me and made me aware that
4uAmlUlOusg-00495-00192668-00192910 she has an environmental scientist who
4uAmlUlOusg-00496-00192911-00193147 is going to be her appointee so I think
4uAmlUlOusg-00497-00193148-00193333 he should probably be very well suited
4uAmlUlOusg-00498-00193334-00193875 to the board there was discussion of
4uAmlUlOusg-00499-00193876-00194095 potentially how it might fit in but I've
4uAmlUlOusg-00500-00194096-00194320 made a decision to step back so I don't
4uAmlUlOusg-00501-00194321-00194509 have my name in the Hat so the
4uAmlUlOusg-00502-00194510-00194745 chairmanship will be available also and
4uAmlUlOusg-00503-00194746-00195013 I think that the other members of our
4uAmlUlOusg-00504-00195014-00195310 Sawyer and schwedhelm right so who does
4uAmlUlOusg-00505-00195311-00195486 that
4uAmlUlOusg-00506-00195487-00195847 sweat helm and who's Sawyer is it Kevyn
4uAmlUlOusg-00507-00195848-00196174 Orr's think it's Kevin so I don't know
4uAmlUlOusg-00508-00196175-00196420 what they're doing so the chairmanship
4uAmlUlOusg-00509-00196421-00196608 is gonna be open after Victoria
4uAmlUlOusg-00510-00196609-00196882 Fleming's new appointee takes takes on
4uAmlUlOusg-00511-00196883-00197164 the role I have encouraged Victoria not
4uAmlUlOusg-00512-00197165-00197395 for my own not because I'm trying to run
4uAmlUlOusg-00513-00197396-00197614 away but I've encouraged Victoria to see
4uAmlUlOusg-00514-00197615-00197764 how quickly she can appoint that member
4uAmlUlOusg-00515-00197765-00197902 I think that having that member on the
4uAmlUlOusg-00516-00197903-00198229 January 17th tour of the Downtown
4uAmlUlOusg-00517-00198230-00198358 Development zone would be an
4uAmlUlOusg-00518-00198359-00198598 extraordinarily helpful place to start I
4uAmlUlOusg-00519-00198599-00198808 think wasting that tour on me would be
4uAmlUlOusg-00520-00198809-00199024 at this point would be but I think
4uAmlUlOusg-00521-00199025-00199210 having somebody who is stepping in it
4uAmlUlOusg-00522-00199211-00199357 would be a good start for them so we'll
4uAmlUlOusg-00523-00199358-00199468 see what happens we'll see if she does
4uAmlUlOusg-00524-00199469-00199609 that I will be serving until I'm done
4uAmlUlOusg-00525-00199610-00199789 and I don't know what interest there is
4uAmlUlOusg-00526-00199790-00199978 in the Chairman's position I will share
4uAmlUlOusg-00527-00199979-00200233 with the group that it's not other than
4uAmlUlOusg-00528-00200234-00200530 having to be slightly more alert during
4uAmlUlOusg-00529-00200531-00201034 the meetings I do spend some time with
4uAmlUlOusg-00530-00201035-00201325 Bill and with some other staff during
4uAmlUlOusg-00531-00201326-00201658 during the week talking procedural items
4uAmlUlOusg-00532-00201659-00201928 or maybe vetting thoughts about how
4uAmlUlOusg-00533-00201929-00202186 we're gonna handle something we're
4uAmlUlOusg-00534-00202187-00202336 getting some insight from Bill meeting
4uAmlUlOusg-00535-00202337-00202537 in about 15 minutes early it is not
4uAmlUlOusg-00536-00202538-00202768 terribly onerous to be the chair on the
4uAmlUlOusg-00537-00202769-00202900 board except for having to have that
4uAmlUlOusg-00538-00202901-00203170 extra cup of coffee every you know up
4uAmlUlOusg-00539-00203171-00203308 first and third Thursday before the
4uAmlUlOusg-00540-00203309-00203449 meeting and bill will buy you the coffee
4uAmlUlOusg-00541-00203450-00203638 if you get a complimentary cup of coffee
4uAmlUlOusg-00542-00203639-00203950 I will provide the coffee I think you
4uAmlUlOusg-00543-00203951-00204079 lost me at hanging out with bill
4uAmlUlOusg-00544-00204080-00204158 occasionally
4uAmlUlOusg-00545-00204159-00204395 [Music]
4uAmlUlOusg-00546-00204396-00204992 just one we'll cover that is this thing
4uAmlUlOusg-00547-00204994-00205350 there we go the chairmanship is an
4uAmlUlOusg-00548-00205351-00205607 appointment by the mayor but it does not
4uAmlUlOusg-00549-00205608-00205763 have to be the mayor's appointee the
4uAmlUlOusg-00550-00205764-00205950 mayor can pick any of the members to
4uAmlUlOusg-00551-00205951-00206489 assume that role so right and with that
4uAmlUlOusg-00552-00206490-00206598 if there's nothing else from the
4uAmlUlOusg-00553-00206598-00206919 department report we're adjourned
4vRzfyj7AuU-00000-00000146-00001231 [Music]
4vRzfyj7AuU-00001-00001232-00001503 there have been reports
4vRzfyj7AuU-00002-00001504-00001782 off learners banking school almost every
4vRzfyj7AuU-00003-00001784-00001951 day
4vRzfyj7AuU-00004-00001952-00002191 and some of you you're in your senior
4vRzfyj7AuU-00005-00002192-00002464 year
4vRzfyj7AuU-00006-00002465-00002910 [Music]
4vRzfyj7AuU-00007-00002911-00004822 miss my tupes explain yourselves
4vRzfyj7AuU-00008-00004823-00006015 [Music]
4vRzfyj7AuU-00009-00006016-00006431 every day young girls like me
4vRzfyj7AuU-00010-00006431-00006870 are taken advantage of by older men
4vRzfyj7AuU-00011-00006872-00007159 some are those who we trust to take care
4vRzfyj7AuU-00012-00007159-00007455 of us
4vRzfyj7AuU-00013-00007456-00007783 my best friend utsulu died because of
4vRzfyj7AuU-00014-00007784-00008127 this
4vRzfyj7AuU-00015-00008128-00008431 in sulu's name
4vRzfyj7AuU-00016-00008432-00008735 for my future and every single person
4vRzfyj7AuU-00017-00008736-00008807 yeah i will
4vRzfyj7AuU-00018-00008808-00009519 not be quiet anymore
4vRzfyj7AuU-00019-00009520-00009783 i will never have children because i
4vRzfyj7AuU-00020-00009784-00010152 trusted oh mr masago
4vRzfyj7AuU-00021-00010153-00010310 [Music]
4vRzfyj7AuU-00022-00010311-00010614 i thought he loved me
4vRzfyj7AuU-00023-00010615-00010919 but now i know that that was a lie
4vRzfyj7AuU-00024-00010920-00011159 he abuses his students and he needs to
4vRzfyj7AuU-00025-00011160-00011359 be stopped
4vRzfyj7AuU-00026-00011360-00012809 name and shame
4vRzfyj7AuU-00027-00012810-00012858 [Applause]
4vRzfyj7AuU-00028-00012859-00014660 [Music]
4vRzfyj7AuU-00029-00014661-00015135 [Music]
4vRzfyj7AuU-00030-00015136-00015550 how could we let this happen we failed
4vRzfyj7AuU-00031-00015551-00015750 they crowd out for our help
4vRzfyj7AuU-00032-00015751-00015919 but we never truly listened
4vRzfyj7AuU-00033-00015921-00016079 [Music]
4vRzfyj7AuU-00034-00016080-00017140 our weakness is their tragedy
4vRzfyj7AuU-00035-00017141-00018283 [Music]
4vRzfyj7AuU-00036-00018284-00019371 hello
4vRzfyj7AuU-00037-00019372-00019672 oh
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00000-00000031-00000467 Jerry Alan Fodor April 22nd 1935 to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00001-00000468-00000767 November 29th 2017 was an American
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00002-00000768-00001054 philosopher and cognitive scientist he
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00003-00001055-00001214 held the position of state of New Jersey
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00004-00001215-00001474 professor of philosophy emeritus at
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00005-00001475-00001688 Rutgers University and was the author of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00006-00001689-00001898 many works in the fields of philosophy
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00007-00001898-00002099 of mind and cognitive science in which
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00008-00002100-00002227 he laid the groundwork for the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00009-00002228-00002420 modularity of mind in the language of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00010-00002421-00002725 thought hypotheses among other ideas he
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00011-00002726-00002884 was known for his provocative and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00012-00002885-00003047 sometimes polemical style of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00013-00003048-00003311 argumentation in us one of the principal
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00014-00003311-00003547 philosophers of mind of the late 20th
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00015-00003548-00003908 and early 21st century in addition to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00016-00003909-00004136 having exerted an enormous influence on
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00017-00004137-00004316 virtually every portion of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00018-00004317-00004643 philosophy of mind literature since 1960
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00019-00004644-00004865 Fedor's work has had a significant
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00020-00004866-00005042 impact on the development of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00021-00005043-00005375 cognitive sciences Fodor argued that
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00022-00005376-00005561 mental states such as beliefs and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00023-00005562-00005720 desires are relations between
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00024-00005721-00005951 individuals and mental representations
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00025-00005952-00006227 he maintained that these representations
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00026-00006228-00006431 can only be correctly explained in terms
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00027-00006431-00006660 of a language of thought lot in the mind
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00028-00006661-00006871 furthermore this language of thought
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00029-00006872-00007073 itself is an actually existing thing
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00030-00007073-00007253 that is codified in the brain and not
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00031-00007254-00007556 just a useful explanatory tool Fodor
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00032-00007556-00007759 adhered to a species of functionalism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00033-00007761-00007937 maintaining that thinking and other
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00034-00007938-00008153 mental processes consist primarily of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00035-00008154-00008396 computations operating on the syntax of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00036-00008397-00008564 the representations that make up the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00037-00008565-00008807 language of thought for Fodor
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00038-00008808-00009008 significant parts of the mind such as
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00039-00009009-00009239 perceptual and linguistic processes are
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00040-00009240-00009521 structured in terms of modules or organs
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00041-00009522-00009773 which he defines by their causal and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00042-00009774-00009995 functional roles these modules are
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00043-00009996-00010178 relatively independent of each other and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00044-00010179-00010466 of the central processing part of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00045-00010467-00010660 mind which has a more global and less
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00046-00010661-00011063 domain-specific character Fodor suggests
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00047-00011064-00011219 that the character of these modules
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00048-00011220-00011410 permits the possibility of causal
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00049-00011411-00011705 relations with external objects this in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00050-00011706-00011927 turn makes it possible for mental states
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00051-00011928-00012088 to have contents that are about things
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00052-00012089-00012370 in the world the central processing part
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00053-00012371-00012545 on the other hand takes care of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00054-00012546-00012742 logical relations between the various
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00055-00012743-00012963 contents and inputs and outputs
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00056-00012964-00013229 although Fodor originally rejected the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00057-00013230-00013388 idea that mental states
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00058-00013388-00013588 have acausal externally determined
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00059-00013590-00013805 aspect in his later years he devoted
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00060-00013806-00013972 much of his writing and study to the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00061-00013974-00014159 philosophy of language because of this
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00062-00014160-00014333 problem of the meaning and reference of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00063-00014334-00014627 mental content his contributions in this
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00064-00014628-00014846 area include the so called asymmetric
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00065-00014847-00015041 causal theory of reference and his many
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00066-00015041-00015238 arguments against semantics holism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00067-00015238-00015479 voters strongly opposed reductive
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00068-00015480-00015581 accounts of the mind
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00069-00015582-00015763 he argued that mental states are
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00070-00015765-00015950 multiple realizable and that there is a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00071-00015951-00016175 hierarchy of explanatory levels in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00072-00016176-00016376 science such that the generalizations
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00073-00016377-00016559 and laws of a higher level theory of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00074-00016560-00016784 psychology or linguistics for example
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00075-00016785-00016967 cannot be captured by the low level
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00076-00016968-00017165 explanations of the behavior of neurons
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00077-00017166-00017438 and synapses he also emerged as a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00078-00017439-00017569 prominent critic of what he
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00079-00017570-00017732 characterized as the ill grounded
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00080-00017733-00017950 Darwinian and neo-darwinian theories of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00081-00017951-00018409 natural selection
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00082-00018410-00018878 topic biography
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00083-00018879-00019147 jerry fodor was born in New York City on
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00084-00019148-00019519 April 22nd 1935 and was a Jewish descent
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00085-00019520-00019792 he received his a B degree summa
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00086-00019793-00020122 laude from Columbia University in 1956
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00087-00020123-00020300 where he studied with Sydney Morgan
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00088-00020301-00020530 Besser and a PhD in philosophy from
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00089-00020531-00020828 Princeton University in 1960 under the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00090-00020829-00021166 direction of Hilary Putnam from 1959 to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00091-00021167-00021433 1986 Fodor was on the faculty of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00092-00021434-00021650 Massachusetts Institute of Technology in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00093-00021651-00022006 Cambridge Massachusetts from 1986 to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00094-00022007-00022271 1988 he was a full professor at the City
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00095-00022272-00022625 University of New York CUNY from 1988
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00096-00022626-00022900 until his retirement in 2016 he was
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00097-00022901-00023065 state of new jersey professor of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00098-00023066-00023264 philosophy and cognitive science at
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00099-00023265-00023477 Rutgers University in New Jersey where
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00100-00023478-00023758 he was emeritus besides his interest in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00101-00023759-00023980 philosophy Fodor passionately followed
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00102-00023981-00024184 opera and regularly wrote popular
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00103-00024185-00024344 columns for the London Review of Books
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00104-00024345-00024575 on that and other topics philosopher
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00105-00024576-00024769 Colin McGinn who taught with Fodor at
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00106-00024770-00024940 Rutgers described him in these words
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00107-00024941-00025189 Fodor who is a close friend is a gentle
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00108-00025190-00025411 man inside a burly body and prone to an
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00109-00025412-00025700 even burlier style of arguing he is shy
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00110-00025701-00025868 and voluble at the same time a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00111-00025869-00026053 formidable polemicist burdened with a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00112-00026054-00026357 sensitive soul disagreeing with Gerry on
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00113-00026358-00026582 a philosophical issue especially one
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00114-00026583-00026756 dear to his heart can be a chastening
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00115-00026757-00026987 experience his quickness of mind
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00116-00026988-00027220 inventiveness and sharp wit are not to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00117-00027222-00027398 be tangled with before your first cup of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00118-00027399-00027664 coffee in the morning adding Jerry Fodor
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00119-00027665-00027846 to the faculty at Rutgers University
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00120-00027847-00028090 instantly put it on the map Fodor being
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00121-00028091-00028243 by common consent the leading
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00122-00028244-00028451 philosopher of mind in the world today I
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00123-00028452-00028727 had met him in England in the 70s and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00124-00028727-00028870 found him to be the genuine article
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00125-00028870-00029060 intellectually speaking though we do not
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00126-00029061-00029345 always see eye to eye Fodor was a member
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00127-00029345-00029531 of the American Academy of Arts and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00128-00029532-00029837 Sciences he received numerous awards and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00129-00029838-00030064 honors New York State Regents fellowship
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00130-00030065-00030265 Woodrow Wilson fellowship Princeton
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00131-00030266-00030470 University Chancellor green fellow
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00132-00030470-00030670 Princeton University Fulbright
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00133-00030672-00030908 fellowship University of Oxford fellow
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00134-00030908-00031093 at the Center for Advanced Study in the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00135-00031094-00031283 behavioral sciences and a Guggenheim
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00136-00031283-00031577 Fellowship he won the first Jean micced
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00137-00031577-00031757 Prize for philosophy of mind and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00138-00031758-00032135 cognitive philosophy in 1993 his lecture
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00139-00032136-00032255 series for the prize
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00140-00032256-00032464 later published as a book by MIT press
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00141-00032466-00032792 in 1995 was titled the Elm in the expert
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00142-00032793-00033128 mental ease and its semantics in 1996
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00143-00033129-00033392 1997 Fodor delivered the prestigious
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00144-00033393-00033608 John Locke lectures at the University of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00145-00033609-00033862 Oxford titled concepts where cognitive
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00146-00033863-00034037 science went wrong which went on to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00147-00034038-00034304 become his 1998 oxford university press
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00148-00034305-00034427 book of the same name
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00149-00034428-00034727 he has also delivered the Patrik Roman L
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00150-00034728-00035030 lecture on philosophical naturalism 2004
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00151-00035031-00035228 in the Roy's lecture on philosophy of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00152-00035229-00035459 mind 2002 to the American Philosophical
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00153-00035460-00035750 Association of whose Eastern Division he
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00154-00035751-00036059 has served as vice president 2004 2005
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00155-00036060-00036569 and president 2005 2006 in 2005 he won
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00156-00036570-00036761 the mind and brain prize he lived in New
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00157-00036762-00036875 York with his wife
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00158-00036876-00037076 the linguist Janet Dean Fodor and had
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00159-00037077-00037405 two children Fodor died on November 29
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00160-00037406-00037757 2017 at his home in Manhattan topic
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00161-00037758-00037961 Fodor and the nature of mental states in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00162-00037962-00038282 his article propositional attitudes 1978
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00163-00038283-00038495 Fodor introduced the idea that mental
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00164-00038496-00038705 states are relations between individuals
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00165-00038706-00038981 and mental representations despite the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00166-00038982-00039182 changes in many of his positions over
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00167-00039183-00039377 the years the idea that intentional
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00168-00039378-00039563 attitudes are relational has remained
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00169-00039564-00039779 unchanged from its original formulation
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00170-00039780-00039950 up to the present time in that article
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00171-00039951-00040118 he attempted to show how mental
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00172-00040119-00040352 representations specifically sentences
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00173-00040353-00040540 in the language of thought are necessary
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00174-00040541-00040739 to explain this relational nature of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00175-00040740-00041002 mental states Fodor considers two
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00176-00041003-00041234 alternative hypotheses the first
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00177-00041235-00041414 completely denies the relational
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00178-00041415-00041582 character of mental states and the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00179-00041583-00041777 second considers mental states as to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00180-00041778-00042065 place relations the latter position can
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00181-00042066-00042275 be further subdivided into the Carnap in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00182-00042276-00042461 view that such relations are between
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00183-00042462-00042671 individuals and sentences of natural
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00184-00042672-00042851 languages and the phrygian view that
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00185-00042852-00043012 they are between individuals and the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00186-00043013-00043261 propositions expressed by such sentences
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00187-00043262-00043559 Fodor zone position instead is that to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00188-00043560-00043706 properly account for the nature of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00189-00043707-00043958 intentional attitudes it is necessary to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00190-00043959-00044132 employ a three place relation between
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00191-00044133-00044351 individuals representations and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00192-00044352-00044624 propositional contents considering
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00193-00044625-00044831 mental states as three place relations
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00194-00044832-00045052 in this way representative realism makes
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00195-00045053-00045245 it possible to hold together all of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00196-00045246-00045443 elements necessary to the solution of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00197-00045444-00045662 this problem further mental
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00198-00045663-00045869 representations are not only the objects
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00199-00045870-00046073 of beliefs and desires but are also the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00200-00046074-00046265 domain over which mental processes
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00201-00046266-00046532 operate they can be considered the ideal
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00202-00046533-00046721 link between the syntactic notion of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00203-00046722-00046919 mental content and the computational
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00204-00046920-00047183 notion of functional architecture these
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00205-00047184-00047417 notions are according to Fodor our best
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00206-00047418-00047933 explanation of mental processes
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00207-00047934-00048190 topic the functional architecture of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00208-00048191-00048761 mind following in the path paved by
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00209-00048762-00048995 linguist noam chomsky Fodor developed a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00210-00048996-00049139 strong commitment to the idea of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00211-00049140-00049403 psychological nativism nativism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00212-00049404-00049592 postulates the innate 'no sub many
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00213-00049593-00049843 cognitive functions and concepts for
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00214-00049844-00050068 Fodor this position emerges naturally
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00215-00050069-00050270 out of his criticism of behaviorism and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00216-00050271-00050587 associationism these criticisms also led
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00217-00050588-00050801 him to the formulation of his hypothesis
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00218-00050802-00051015 of the modularity of the mind
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00219-00051016-00051251 historically questions about mental
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00220-00051252-00051430 architecture have been divided into two
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00221-00051432-00051635 contrasting theories about the nature of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00222-00051636-00051911 the faculties the first can be described
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00223-00051912-00052195 as a horizontal view because it sees
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00224-00052196-00052400 mental processes as interactions between
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00225-00052401-00052626 faculties which are not domain-specific
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00226-00052627-00052901 for example a judgment remains a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00227-00052902-00053075 judgment whether it is judgment about a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00228-00053076-00053294 perceptual experience or a judgment
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00229-00053295-00053540 about the understanding of language the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00230-00053541-00053774 second can be described as a vertical
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00231-00053775-00053992 view because it claims that our mental
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00232-00053994-00054148 faculties are domain-specific
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00233-00054149-00054307 genetically determined
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00234-00054308-00054524 associated with distinct neurological
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00235-00054525-00054746 structures and so on the vertical vision
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00236-00054747-00054919 can be traced back to the 19th century
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00237-00054920-00055124 movement called phrenology and its
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00238-00055125-00055417 founder Franz Joseph gall gall claimed
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00239-00055419-00055562 that mental faculties could be
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00240-00055563-00055792 associated with specific physical areas
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00241-00055794-00056066 of the brain hence someone's level of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00242-00056066-00056246 intelligence for example could be
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00243-00056247-00056528 literally read off from the size of a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00244-00056529-00056711 particular bump on his posterior
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00245-00056712-00056990 parietal lobe this simplistic view of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00246-00056991-00057197 modularity has been disproved over the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00247-00057198-00057361 course of the last century
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00248-00057362-00057638 Fodor revived the idea of modularity
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00249-00057639-00057836 without the notion of precise physical
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00250-00057837-00058088 localized ability in the 1980s and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00251-00058089-00058244 became one of the most vocal proponents
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00252-00058245-00058538 of it with the 1983 publication of his
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00253-00058539-00058811 monograph modularity of mind two
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00254-00058812-00059039 properties of modularity in particular
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00255-00059040-00059276 informational encapsulation and domain
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00256-00059277-00059486 specificity make it possible to tie
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00257-00059487-00059648 together questions of functional
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00258-00059649-00059801 architecture with those of mental
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00259-00059802-00060055 content the ability to elaborate
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00260-00060057-00060229 information independently from the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00261-00060230-00060425 background beliefs of individuals that
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00262-00060426-00060635 these two properties allow Fodor to give
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00263-00060636-00060827 an atomistic and causal account of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00264-00060828-00061112 notion of mental content the main idea
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00265-00061113-00061250 in other words is
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00266-00061251-00061441 the properties of the contents of mental
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00267-00061442-00061595 states can depend rather than
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00268-00061596-00061816 exclusively on the internal relations of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00269-00061817-00061994 the system of which they are apart also
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00270-00061995-00062171 on their causal relations with the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00271-00062172-00062399 external world Fedor's notions of mental
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00272-00062400-00062633 modularity informational encapsulation
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00273-00062634-00062891 and domain specificity were taken up and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00274-00062891-00063107 expanded much to Fodor chagrin by
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00275-00063108-00063347 cognitive scientists such as Zenon pilot
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00276-00063348-00063584 and evolutionary psychologists such as
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00277-00063585-00063794 Steven Pinker and Henry Plotkin among
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00278-00063795-00064046 many others but Fodor complained that
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00279-00064047-00064267 Pinker Plotkin and other members of what
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00280-00064269-00064460 he sarcastically called the new
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00281-00064461-00064741 synthesis have taken modularity and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00282-00064742-00065024 similar ideas way too far he insisted
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00283-00065025-00065266 that the mind is not massively modular
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00284-00065267-00065462 and that contrary to what these
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00285-00065463-00065642 researchers would have us believe the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00286-00065643-00065795 mind is still a very long way from
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00287-00065796-00065936 having been explained by the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00288-00065937-00066526 computational or any other model
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00289-00066527-00067086 topic intentional realism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00290-00067087-00067355 in a theory of content and other essays
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00291-00067356-00067611 1990 voter takes up another of his
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00292-00067612-00067791 central notions the question of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00293-00067792-00068079 reality of mental representations Fodor
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00294-00068080-00068282 needs to justify representational
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00295-00068283-00068490 realism to justify the idea that the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00296-00068491-00068676 contents of mental states are expressed
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00297-00068677-00068874 in symbolic structures such as those of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00298-00068875-00069198 the lot
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00299-00069199-00069750 topic Fedor's criticism of Dennett
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00300-00069751-00070012 Fodor starts with some criticisms of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00301-00070013-00070270 so-called standard realism this view is
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00302-00070271-00070474 characterized according to Fodor by two
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00303-00070475-00070777 distinct assertions one of these regards
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00304-00070778-00070966 the internal structure of mental states
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00305-00070967-00071146 and asserts that such states are non
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00306-00071147-00071392 relational the other concerns the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00307-00071393-00071602 semantic theory of mental content and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00308-00071603-00071743 asserts that there is an isomorphism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00309-00071744-00071932 between the causal roles of such
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00310-00071933-00072118 contents and the inferential web of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00311-00072119-00072379 beliefs among modern philosophers of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00312-00072380-00072589 mind the majority view seems to be that
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00313-00072590-00072763 the first of these two assertions is
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00314-00072764-00073036 false but that the second is true Fodor
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00315-00073037-00073240 departs from this view in accepting the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00316-00073241-00073441 truth of the first thesis but rejecting
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00317-00073442-00073677 strongly the truth of the second in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00318-00073678-00073909 particular Fodor criticizes the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00319-00073910-00074146 instrumentalism of Daniel Dennett then
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00320-00074147-00074338 it maintains that it is possible to be
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00321-00074339-00074515 realist with regard to intentional
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00322-00074516-00074689 States without having to commit oneself
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00323-00074690-00074905 to the reality of mental representations
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00324-00074906-00075217 now according to Fodor if one remains at
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00325-00075218-00075421 this level of analysis then there is no
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00326-00075422-00075595 possibility of explaining why the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00327-00075596-00075903 intentional strategy works there is a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00328-00075904-00076262 standard objection to instrumentalism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00329-00076263-00076466 it is difficult to explain why the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00330-00076467-00076712 psychology of beliefs desires work so
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00331-00076713-00076892 well if the psychology of beliefs
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00332-00076893-00077205 desires has in fact false
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00333-00077206-00077409 as Putnam Boyd and others have
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00334-00077410-00077625 emphasized from the predictive successes
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00335-00077626-00077814 of a theory to the truth of that theory
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00336-00077815-00078006 there is surely a presumed inference and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00337-00078007-00078327 this is even more likely when we are
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00338-00078328-00078492 dealing with the only theory in play
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00339-00078493-00078645 which is predictively crowned with
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00340-00078646-00078987 success it is not obvious
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00341-00078988-00079173 why such a presumption should not
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00342-00079174-00079338 militate in favor of a realist
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00343-00079339-00079519 conception
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00344-00079520-00079703 of the interpretations of beliefs
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00345-00079704-00080055 desires
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00346-00080056-00080382 topic productivity systematicity and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00347-00080383-00080526 thought
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00348-00080527-00080729 you
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00349-00080730-00080996 phoner also has positive arguments in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00350-00080997-00081155 favor of the reality of mental
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00351-00081156-00081428 representations in terms of the lot he
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00352-00081429-00081587 maintains that if language is the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00353-00081588-00081761 expression of thoughts and language a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00354-00081762-00081965 systematic then thoughts must also be
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00355-00081966-00082232 systematic Fodor draws on the work of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00356-00082233-00082448 Noam Chomsky to both model his theory of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00357-00082449-00082625 the mind and to refute alternative
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00358-00082626-00082840 architectures such as connectionism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00359-00082841-00083111 systematicity and natural languages was
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00360-00083112-00083321 explained by Chomsky in terms of two
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00361-00083322-00083555 more basic concepts productivity and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00362-00083556-00083891 compositionality productivity refers to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00363-00083892-00084128 a representational systems unbounded
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00364-00084129-00084350 ability to generate new representations
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00365-00084351-00084773 from a given set of symbols john loves
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00366-00084774-00085154 and mary allow for the construction of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00367-00085155-00085525 the sentences john loves Mary and Mary
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00368-00085526-00085823 loves John Fedor's language of thought
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00369-00085824-00086026 theorizes that representations are
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00370-00086027-00086251 decomposable into constituent parts and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00371-00086252-00086450 these decomposed representations are
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00372-00086451-00086642 built into new strings more important
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00373-00086643-00086873 than productivity as systematicity since
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00374-00086874-00087025 it does not rely on questionable
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00375-00087026-00087319 idealizations about human cognition the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00376-00087320-00087536 argument states that a cognizer is able
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00377-00087537-00087734 to understand some sentence in virtue of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00378-00087735-00088025 understanding another for example no one
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00379-00088026-00088310 who understands john loves Mary is
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00380-00088311-00088669 unable to understand Mary loves John and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00381-00088670-00089084 no one who understands P&Q is unable to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00382-00089085-00089480 understand P systematicity itself is
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00383-00089481-00089660 rarely challenged as a property of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00384-00089661-00089881 natural languages and logics but some
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00385-00089882-00090065 challenge that thought is systemic in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00386-00090066-00090341 the same way languages are still others
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00387-00090342-00090506 from the connectionist tradition have
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00388-00090507-00090701 tried to build non classical networks
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00389-00090702-00090830 that can account for the apparent
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00390-00090831-00091051 systematicity of language the fact that
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00391-00091052-00091310 systematicity and productivity depend on
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00392-00091311-00091468 the compositional structure of language
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00393-00091469-00091669 means that language has a combinatorial
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00394-00091670-00091973 semantics if thought also has such a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00395-00091974-00092180 combinatorial semantics then there must
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00396-00092181-00092354 be a language of thought the second
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00397-00092355-00092561 argument that Fodor provides in favor of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00398-00092562-00092762 representational realism involves the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00399-00092763-00092996 processes of thought this argument
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00400-00092997-00093173 touches on the relation between the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00401-00093174-00093371 representational theory of mind and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00402-00093372-00093605 models of its architecture if the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00403-00093606-00093803 sentences of mental ease require unique
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00404-00093804-00094001 processes of elaboration then they
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00405-00094002-00094112 require a computer
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00406-00094113-00094367 a tional mechanism of a certain type the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00407-00094368-00094507 syntactic notion of mental
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00408-00094508-00094706 representations goes hand-in-hand with
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00409-00094707-00094919 the idea that mental processes are
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00410-00094920-00095123 calculations which act only on the form
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00411-00095124-00095288 of the symbols which they elaborate and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00412-00095289-00095552 this is the computational theory of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00413-00095553-00095819 mind consequently the defense of a model
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00414-00095820-00096008 of architecture based on classic
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00415-00096009-00096185 artificial intelligence passes
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00416-00096186-00096350 inevitably through a defense of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00417-00096351-00096563 reality of mental representations for
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00418-00096564-00096743 Fodor this formal notion of thought
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00419-00096744-00096950 processes also has the advantage of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00420-00096951-00097124 highlighting the parallels between the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00421-00097125-00097322 causal role of symbols and the contents
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00422-00097323-00097616 which they express in his view syntax
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00423-00097617-00097820 plays the role of mediation between the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00424-00097821-00097982 causal role of the symbols and their
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00425-00097983-00098252 contents the semantic relations between
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00426-00098253-00098540 symbols can be imitated by their
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00427-00098541-00098738 syntactic relations the inferential
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00428-00098739-00098960 relations which connect the contents of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00429-00098961-00099131 two symbols can be imitated by the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00430-00099132-00099356 formal syntax rules which regulate the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00431-00099357-00099918 derivation of one symbol from another
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00432-00099919-00100488 topic the nature of content from the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00433-00100489-00100743 beginning of the 1980s Fodor adhered to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00434-00100744-00100956 a causal notion of mental content and of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00435-00100957-00101250 meaning this idea of content contrasts
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00436-00101251-00101409 sharply with the inferential role
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00437-00101410-00101616 semantics to which he subscribed earlier
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00438-00101617-00101904 in his career as of 2010 Fodor
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00439-00101905-00102138 criticizes inferential role semantics
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00440-00102139-00102381 IRS because its commitment to an extreme
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00441-00102382-00102611 form of holism excludes the possibility
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00442-00102613-00102816 of a true naturalization of the mental
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00443-00102817-00103082 but Naturalization must include an
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00444-00103083-00103317 explanation of content in atomistic and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00445-00103318-00103672 causal terms
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00446-00103673-00103996 topic Andi holism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00447-00103997-00104176 you
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00448-00104177-00104380 Fodor has made many and varied
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00449-00104381-00104647 criticisms of holism he identifies the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00450-00104648-00104815 central problem with all the different
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00451-00104816-00105022 notions of holism as the idea that the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00452-00105023-00105186 determining factor in semantic
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00453-00105188-00105433 evaluation is the notion of n epistemic
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00454-00105433-00105810 bond briefly P as an epistemic bond of Q
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00455-00105811-00105994 if the meaning of P is considered by
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00456-00105995-00106141 someone to be relevant for the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00457-00106142-00106308 determination of the meaning of Q
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00458-00106309-00106513 meaning holism strongly depends on this
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00459-00106514-00106795 notion the identity of the content of a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00460-00106796-00107005 mental state under holism can only be
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00461-00107006-00107173 determined by the totality of its
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00462-00107174-00107428 epistemic bonds and this makes the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00463-00107429-00107575 realism of mental states an
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00464-00107576-00107788 impossibility if people differ in an
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00465-00107789-00107953 absolutely general way in their
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00466-00107954-00108166 estimations of epistemic relevance and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00467-00108167-00108358 if we follow the holism of meaning and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00468-00108358-00108571 individuate intentional states by way of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00469-00108572-00108790 the totality of their epistemic bonds
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00470-00108791-00108964 the consequence will be that two people
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00471-00108965-00109201 or for that matter two temporal sections
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00472-00109202-00109375 of the same person will never be in the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00473-00109376-00109654 same intentional state therefore two
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00474-00109655-00109840 people can never be subsumed under the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00475-00109841-00110073 same intentional generalizations and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00476-00110074-00110350 therefore intentional generalization can
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00477-00110351-00110605 never be successful and therefore again
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00478-00110606-00110760 there is no hope for an intentional
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00479-00110761-00111195 psychology
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00480-00111196-00111717 topic the asymmetric causal theory
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00481-00111718-00111983 having criticized the idea that semantic
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00482-00111984-00112206 evaluation concerns only the internal
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00483-00112207-00112374 relations between the units of a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00484-00112375-00112578 symbolic system Fodor can adopt an
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00485-00112579-00112758 externalist position with respect to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00486-00112758-00113036 mental content and meaning for Fodor in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00487-00113038-00113196 recent years the problem of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00488-00113197-00113411 naturalization of the mental is tied to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00489-00113413-00113643 the possibility of giving the sufficient
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00490-00113644-00113823 conditions for which a piece of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00491-00113824-00114018 world is relative to expresses
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00492-00114019-00114310 represents is true of another piece in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00493-00114311-00114603 non intentional and non-semantic terms
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00494-00114604-00114843 if this goal is to be achieved within a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00495-00114844-00115050 representational theory of the mind then
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00496-00115051-00115230 the challenge is to devise a causal
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00497-00115231-00115374 theory which can establish the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00498-00115375-00115508 interpretation of the primitive
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00499-00115509-00115815 non-logical symbols of the lot Fedor's
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00500-00115816-00115989 initial proposal is that what determines
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00501-00115990-00116325 that the symbol for water in mental ease
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00502-00116326-00116577 expresses the property h2o as that the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00503-00116578-00116730 occurrences of that symbol are in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00504-00116731-00117008 certain causal relations with water the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00505-00117009-00117207 intuitive version of this causal theory
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00506-00117208-00117458 is what Fodor calls the crude causal
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00507-00117459-00117729 theory according to this theory the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00508-00117730-00117908 occurrences of symbols Express the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00509-00117909-00118077 properties which are the causes of their
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00510-00118078-00118458 occurrence the term horse for example
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00511-00118458-00118650 says of a horse that it is a horse in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00512-00118651-00118932 order to do this it is necessary and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00513-00118933-00119133 sufficient that certain properties of an
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00514-00119133-00119406 occurrence of the symbol horse be in a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00515-00119407-00119556 law like relation with certain
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00516-00119557-00119708 properties which determined that
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00517-00119709-00119898 something is an occurrence of horse the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00518-00119899-00120090 main problem with this theory is that of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00519-00120091-00120366 erroneous representations there are two
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00520-00120367-00120555 unavoidable problems with the idea that
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00521-00120556-00121004 a symbol expresses a property if it is
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00522-00121005-00121226 necessary that all and only the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00523-00121227-00121454 presences of such a property caused the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00524-00121455-00121783 occurrences the first is that not all
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00525-00121784-00122024 horses cause occurrences of horse the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00526-00122025-00122219 second is that not only horses cause
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00527-00122220-00122458 occurrences of horse sometimes the a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00528-00122459-00122717 horses are caused by a horse's but at
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00529-00122718-00122978 other times when for example because of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00530-00122979-00123133 the distance or conditions of low
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00531-00123134-00123358 visibility one has confused a cow for a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00532-00123359-00123608 horse the eight horses are caused by
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00533-00123608-00123886 beat cows in this case the symbol a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00534-00123888-00124115 doesn't express just the property a but
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00535-00124116-00124331 the disjunction of properties a or B the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00536-00124332-00124496 crude causal theory is therefore
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00537-00124497-00124703 incapable of distinguishing the case in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00538-00124704-00124853 which the content of a symbol is
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00539-00124854-00125024 disjunctive from the case in which it
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00540-00125025-00125273 isn't this gives rise to what Fodor
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00541-00125274-00125609 calls the problem of disjunction
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00542-00125610-00125858 voter responds to this problem with what
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00543-00125859-00126104 he defines as a slightly less crude
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00544-00126105-00126410 causal theory according to this approach
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00545-00126411-00126633 it is necessary to break the symmetry at
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00546-00126633-00126803 the base of the crude causal theory
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00547-00126804-00127074 Fodor must find some criterion for
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00548-00127075-00127239 distinguishing the occurrences of a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00549-00127240-00127443 caused by us true from those caused by
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00550-00127444-00127503 bees
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00551-00127504-00127784 false the point of departure according
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00552-00127785-00127971 to Fodor is that while the false cases
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00553-00127972-00128181 are ontologically dependent on the true
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00554-00128182-00128448 cases the reverse is not true there is
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00555-00128449-00128652 an asymmetry of dependence in other
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00556-00128653-00129208 words between the true contents
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00557-00129209-00129843 topic and the false ones
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00558-00129844-00130085 or be the first can subsist
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00559-00130086-00130265 independently of the second but the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00560-00130266-00130436 second can occur only because of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00561-00130437-00130625 existence of the first from the point of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00562-00130626-00130802 view of semantics errors must be
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00563-00130803-00131060 accidents if in the extension of horse
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00564-00131061-00131286 there are no cows then it cannot be
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00565-00131287-00131552 required for the meaning of horse that
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00566-00131553-00131808 cows be called horses on the other hand
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00567-00131809-00132096 if horse did not mean that which it
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00568-00132097-00132299 means and if it were an error for horses
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00569-00132300-00132488 it would never be possible for a cow to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00570-00132489-00132791 be called horse putting the two things
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00571-00132792-00132953 together it can be seen that the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00572-00132954-00133197 possibility of falsely saying this is a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00573-00133198-00133475 horse presupposes the existence of a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00574-00133476-00133703 semantic basis for saying it truly but
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00575-00133704-00133983 not vice versa if we put this in terms
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00576-00133984-00134181 of the crude causal theory the fact that
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00577-00134182-00134508 cows cause one to say horse depends on
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00578-00134509-00134694 the fact that horses cause one to say
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00579-00134695-00135006 horse but the fact that horses cause one
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00580-00135007-00135318 to say horse does not depend on the fact
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00581-00135319-00135706 that cows cause one to say horse
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00582-00135707-00135887 you
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00583-00135888-00136415 topic functionalism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00584-00136416-00136730 during the 1960's various philosophers
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00585-00136731-00136940 such as Donald Davidson Hilary Putnam
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00586-00136941-00137159 and Fodor tried to resolve the puzzle of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00587-00137160-00137309 developing a way to preserve the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00588-00137310-00137555 explanatory efficacy of mental causation
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00589-00137556-00137846 and so-called folk psychology while
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00590-00137847-00138050 adhering to a materialist vision of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00591-00138051-00138223 world which did not violate the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00592-00138224-00138560 generality of physics their proposal was
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00593-00138561-00138773 first of all to reject the then dominant
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00594-00138774-00138902 theories in philosophy of mind
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00595-00138903-00139163 behaviorism and the type identity theory
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00596-00139164-00139469 the problem with logical behaviorism was
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00597-00139470-00139649 that it failed to account for causation
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00598-00139650-00139871 between mental states and such causation
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00599-00139872-00140075 seems to be essential to psychological
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00600-00140076-00140315 explanation especially if one considers
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00601-00140316-00140492 that behavior is not an effect of a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00602-00140493-00140699 single mental event caused but is rather
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00603-00140700-00140891 the effect of a chain of mental events
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00604-00140892-00141200 causes the type identity theory on the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00605-00141201-00141380 other hand failed to explain the fact
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00606-00141381-00141545 that radically different physical
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00607-00141546-00141710 systems can find themselves in the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00608-00141711-00141844 identical mental state
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00609-00141845-00142130 besides being deeply anthropocentric why
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00610-00142131-00142280 should humans be the only thinking
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00611-00142281-00142493 organisms in the universe the identity
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00612-00142494-00142682 type theory also failed to deal with
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00613-00142683-00142820 accumulating evidence in the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00614-00142821-00143030 neurosciences that every single human
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00615-00143031-00143191 brain is different from all the others
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00616-00143192-00143474 hence the impossibility of referring to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00617-00143475-00143609 common mental states in different
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00618-00143610-00143867 physical systems manifests itself not
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00619-00143868-00144071 only between different species but also
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00620-00144072-00144334 between organisms of the same species
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00621-00144335-00144596 one can solve these problems according
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00622-00144597-00144857 to Fodor with functionalism a hypothesis
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00623-00144858-00145010 which was designed to overcome the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00624-00145011-00145157 failings of both dualism and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00625-00145158-00145415 reductionism what is important as the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00626-00145416-00145613 function of a mental state regardless of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00627-00145614-00145799 the physical substrate which implements
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00628-00145800-00146072 it the foundation for this view lies in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00629-00146073-00146207 the principle of the multiple
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00630-00146208-00146486 realizability of the mental under this
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00631-00146487-00146705 view for example I on a computer can
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00632-00146706-00146993 both instantiate realize the same
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00633-00146994-00147155 functional state that we are made of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00634-00147156-00147380 completely different material stuff see
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00635-00147381-00147617 graphic it right on this basis
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00636-00147618-00147809 functionalism can be classified as a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00637-00147810-00148337 form of token materialism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00638-00148338-00148952 topic evolution Fodor co-authored the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00639-00148953-00149198 book what Darwin got wrong 2010 with the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00640-00149199-00149414 bio linguist Massimo paya tele pal
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00641-00149415-00149546 marine II in which they described
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00642-00149547-00149681 neo-darwinism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00643-00149682-00149966 distressingly in critical and say of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00644-00149967-00150182 Darwin's theory of evolution that it
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00645-00150183-00150398 overestimates the contribution the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00646-00150399-00150578 environment makes in shaping the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00647-00150579-00150761 phenotype of a species and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00648-00150762-00150962 correspondingly underestimates the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00649-00150963-00151268 effects of endogenous variables
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00650-00151269-00151506 evolutionary biologist Jerry Coyne
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00651-00151507-00151751 describes this book as a profoundly
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00652-00151752-00151970 misguided critique of natural selection
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00653-00151971-00152372 and as biologically uninformed as it is
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00654-00152373-00152672 strident moral philosopher and anti
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00655-00152673-00152894 scientism author mary Midgley praises
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00656-00152895-00153152 what darwin got wrong as an overdue and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00657-00153153-00153444 valuable onslaught on neo-darwinism plis
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00658-00153445-00153719 ities the book also received positive
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00659-00153720-00153971 review by mathematician and intelligent
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00660-00153972-00154444 design theorist William demske
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00661-00154445-00154960 topic criticism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00662-00154961-00155191 a wide variety of philosophers of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00663-00155192-00155403 diverse orientations have challenged
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00664-00155404-00155707 many of Fedor's ideas for example the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00665-00155708-00155884 language of thought hypothesis has been
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00666-00155885-00156076 accused of either falling prey to an
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00667-00156077-00156351 infinite regress or of being superfluous
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00668-00156352-00156619 specifically simon blackburn suggested
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00669-00156620-00156877 in an article in 1984 that since Fodor
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00670-00156878-00157048 explains the learning of natural
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00671-00157049-00157276 languages as a process of formation and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00672-00157277-00157483 confirmation of hypotheses in the lot
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00673-00157484-00157672 this leaves him open to the question of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00674-00157673-00157822 why the lot itself should not be
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00675-00157823-00158020 considered as just such a language which
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00676-00158021-00158164 requires yet another and more
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00677-00158165-00158379 fundamental representational substrate
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00678-00158380-00158602 in which to form and confirm hypotheses
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00679-00158603-00158808 so that the lot itself can be learned if
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00680-00158809-00159058 natural language learning requires some
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00681-00159059-00159268 representational substrate the lot in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00682-00159269-00159451 order for it to be learned why shouldn't
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00683-00159452-00159640 the same be said for the lot itself and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00684-00159641-00159828 then for the representational substrate
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00685-00159829-00160024 of this representational substrate and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00686-00160025-00160315 so on ad infinitum on the other hand if
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00687-00160316-00160525 such a representational substrate is not
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00688-00160526-00160723 required for the lot then why should it
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00689-00160724-00160897 be required for the learning of natural
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00690-00160898-00161178 languages in this case the lot would be
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00691-00161179-00161466 superfluous Fodor in response argues
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00692-00161467-00161623 that the lot is unique in that it does
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00693-00161624-00161794 not have to be learned via an antecedent
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00694-00161795-00162151 language because it is innate in 1981
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00695-00162152-00162352 Daniel Dennett had formulated another
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00696-00162353-00162661 argument against a lot then it suggested
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00697-00162662-00162828 that it would seem on the basis of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00698-00162829-00162973 evidence of our behavior toward
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00699-00162974-00163195 computers but also with regard to some
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00700-00163196-00163384 of our own unconscious behavior that
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00701-00163385-00163627 explicit representation is not necessary
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00702-00163628-00163822 for the explanation of propositional
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00703-00163823-00164103 attitudes during a game of chess with a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00704-00164104-00164328 computer program we often attribute such
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00705-00164329-00164541 attitudes to the computer saying such
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00706-00164542-00164746 things as it thinks that the Queen
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00707-00164747-00164904 should be moved to the left
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00708-00164905-00165181 we attribute propositional attitudes to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00709-00165182-00165322 the computer and this helps us to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00710-00165323-00165520 explain and predict its behavior in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00711-00165521-00165796 various contexts yet no one would
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00712-00165797-00165997 suggest that the computer is actually
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00713-00165998-00166179 thinking or believing somewhere inside
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00714-00166180-00166336 its circuits the equivalent of the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00715-00166337-00166561 propositional attitude I believe I can
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00716-00166562-00166870 kick this guy's butt in mental ease the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00717-00166871-00167131 same is obviously true suggests tenet of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00718-00167132-00167353 many of our everyday automatic behaviors
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00719-00167354-00167623 such as desiring to breathe clear air in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00720-00167624-00167908 a stuffy environment some linguists and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00721-00167909-00168112 philosophers of language have criticized
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00722-00168113-00168366 Fodor self-proclaimed ex
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00723-00168367-00168673 concept nativism Kent Bach for example
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00724-00168674-00168895 takes Fodor to task for his criticisms
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00725-00168896-00169179 of lexical semantics and polysemy Fodor
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00726-00169180-00169348 claims that there is no lexical
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00727-00169349-00169771 structure to such verbs as keep get make
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00728-00169772-00170164 and put he suggests that alternatively
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00729-00170165-00170500 keep simply expresses the concept keep
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00730-00170501-00170703 voter capitalizes concepts to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00731-00170704-00170890 distinguish them from properties names
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00732-00170891-00171145 or other such entities if there is a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00733-00171146-00171337 straightforward one-to-one mapping
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00734-00171338-00171538 between individual words and concepts
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00735-00171539-00171864 keep your clothes on keep your receipt
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00736-00171865-00172210 and keep washing your hands we'll all
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00737-00172211-00172399 share the same concept of keep under
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00738-00172400-00172665 Fedor's theory this concept presumably
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00739-00172666-00172876 locks on to the unique external property
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00740-00172877-00173137 of keeping but if this is true then
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00741-00173138-00173287 retain must pick out a different
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00742-00173288-00173485 property and retain your receipt since
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00743-00173486-00173674 one can't retain one's clothes on or
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00744-00173675-00173938 retain washing one's hands Fedor's
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00745-00173939-00174181 theory also has a problem explaining how
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00746-00174182-00174406 the concept fast contributes differently
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00747-00174407-00174639 to the contents of fast car fast driver
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00748-00174640-00174949 fast track and fast time whether or not
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00749-00174950-00175213 the differing interpretations of fast in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00750-00175214-00175440 these sentences are specified in the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00751-00175441-00175645 semantics of English or the result of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00752-00175646-00175819 pragmatic inference is a matter of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00753-00175820-00175881 debate
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00754-00175882-00176134 Fodor zone response to this kind of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00755-00176135-00176323 criticism as expressed bluntly in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00756-00176324-00176602 concepts people sometimes used to say
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00757-00176603-00176809 that exists must be ambiguous because
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00758-00176810-00177010 look at the difference between chairs
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00759-00177011-00177402 exist and numbers exist a familiar reply
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00760-00177403-00177568 goes the difference between the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00761-00177569-00177804 existence of chairs and the existence of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00762-00177805-00178060 numbers seems on reflection strikingly
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00763-00178061-00178239 like the difference between numbers and
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00764-00178240-00178527 chairs since you have the ladder to
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00765-00178528-00178747 explain the former you don't also need
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00766-00178748-00179122 exist to be polysemic some critics find
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00767-00179123-00179277 it difficult to accept Fedor's
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00768-00179278-00179437 insistence that a large perhaps
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00769-00179438-00179662 implausible number of concepts are
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00770-00179663-00179947 primitive and undefinable for example
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00771-00179948-00180189 Fodor considers such concepts as effect
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00772-00180190-00180409 Island trapezoid and weak to be all
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00773-00180410-00180562 primitive and Nate and unanalyzed
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00774-00180563-00180787 because they all fall into the category
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00775-00180788-00181116 of what he calls lexical concepts those
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00776-00181117-00181321 for which our language has a single word
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00777-00181322-00181585 against this view Bach argues that the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00778-00181586-00181732 concept vixen is Alma
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00779-00181733-00181939 certainly composed out of the concepts
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00780-00181940-00182179 female and Fox bachelor out of single
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00781-00182180-00182380 and male and so on one of his critics
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00782-00182381-00182479 fiona Cowie
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00783-00182480-00182641 says that the doors in it is Emes
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00784-00182642-00182869 indicative of a certain degree of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00785-00182870-00183091 pessimism as to our prospects for
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00786-00183092-00183295 understanding how a mind comes to be
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00787-00183296-00183598 furnished it just has the furniture it
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00788-00183599-00183936 has
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00789-00183937-00184245 topic books
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00790-00184246-00184430 you
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00791-00184431-00184712 what Darwin got wrong with Massimo Pyatt
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00792-00184713-00184946 le pal Marini farrar straus and giroux
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00793-00184947-00185300 2010 ISBN oh three seven four two eight
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00794-00185301-00185630 eight seven nine eight lot to the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00795-00185631-00185831 language of thought revisited oxford
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00796-00185832-00186203 university press 2008 ISBN no one nine
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00797-00186204-00186511 nine five four eight seven seven three
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00798-00186512-00186832 hume variations oxford university press
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00799-00186833-00187205 2003 ISBN doe one nine nine two eight
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00800-00187206-00187384 seven three three three
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00801-00187385-00187682 the compositionality papers with ernie
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00802-00187683-00188042 Lepore Oxford University Press 2002 ISBN
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00803-00188043-00188390 oh one nine nine two five two one six
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00804-00188391-00188714 five the mind doesn't work that way the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00805-00188715-00188900 scope and limits of computational
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00806-00188901-00189269 psychology mit press 2000 ISBN Oh two
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00807-00189270-00189649 six two five six one four six eight in
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00808-00189650-00190139 critical condition MIT press 1998 ISBN 0
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00809-00190140-00190670 two 262 5 6 1 2 8 X concepts where
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00810-00190671-00190844 cognitive science went wrong
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00811-00190845-00191129 the 1996 John Locke lectures Oxford
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00812-00191130-00191510 University Press 1998 ISBN o one nine
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00813-00191511-00191903 eight two three six three six oh the Elm
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00814-00191904-00192074 in the expert mental ease in its
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00815-00192075-00192356 semantics the 1993 Jean Nick at lectures
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00816-00192357-00192821 MIT press 1994 is B and O two six two
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00817-00192822-00193199 five six oh nine three three holism a
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00818-00193200-00193469 consumer update with Ernie Lepore EDS
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00819-00193470-00193907 grazer philosophy studium vol 46 Rada P
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00820-00193908-00194318 Amsterdam 1993 ISBN nine oh five one
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00821-00194319-00194681 eight three seven one three five holism
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00822-00194682-00194900 a shoppers guide with Ernie Lepore
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00823-00194901-00195308 Blackwell 1992 is B and O six three one
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00824-00195309-00195650 one eight one nine three eight a theory
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00825-00195651-00195913 of content and other essays MIT press
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00826-00195914-00196322 1990 ISBN Oh two six two five six zero
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00827-00196323-00196715 six nine Oh psycho semantics the problem
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00828-00196716-00196940 of meaning in the philosophy of mind MIT
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00829-00196941-00197438 press 1987 ISBN o - six - five six oh
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00830-00197439-00197630 five - six
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00831-00197631-00197867 the modularity of mind an essay on
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00832-00197868-00198338 faculty psychology MIT press 1983 ISBN o
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00833-00198339-00198748 two six two five six oh two five nine
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00834-00198749-00199019 representations philosophical essays on
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00835-00199020-00199193 the foundations of cognitive science
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00836-00199194-00199715 harvard press UK an MIT press us 1979 is
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00837-00199716-00199988 B and O two six two five six oh two
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00838-00199989-00200297 seven five the language of thought
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00839-00200298-00200699 Harvard University Press 1975 is B and O
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00840-00200700-00201007 six seven four five one oh three oh five
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00841-00201008-00201314 the psychology of language with T bevor
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00842-00201315-00201721 and M Garrett mcgraw-hill 1974 ISBN Oh
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00843-00201722-00202217 394 306 six three five psychological
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00844-00202218-00202622 explanation Random House 1968 ISBN oo
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00845-00202623-00203084 702 one four one two three the structure
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00846-00203085-00203312 of language with Gerald Katz EDS
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00847-00203313-00203717 prentice hall 1964 is B and O one three
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00848-00203718-00204249 eight five four seven oh three three
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00849-00204250-00204814 topic C also
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00850-00204815-00205063 computational theory of mind
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00851-00205064-00205435 connectionism folk psychology
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00852-00205436-00205811 functionalism philosophy of mind list of
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00853-00205812-00206108 gene nichkhun prize laureates special
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00854-00206109-00206484 sciences
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00855-00206485-00207021 topic references
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00856-00207023-00207569 topic external links
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00857-00207571-00207957 jerry fodor homepage jerry fodor at the
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00858-00207958-00208275 London Review of Books semantics an
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00859-00208276-00208680 interview with Jerry Fodor revel vol 5 n
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00860-00208681-00209165 8 March 2007 blogging heads dialogue
4xyw7_ZCUHU-00861-00209166-00209573 between Jerry Fodor and Elliott sober
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4xNzWfpZJs0-00000-00000000-00000176 died premature Rensselaer Polytechnic
4xNzWfpZJs0-00001-00000177-00000655 Institute 2006 Julian Cole lectureship
4xNzWfpZJs0-00002-00000656-00000857 Society of industrial and applied
4xNzWfpZJs0-00003-00000858-00001270 mathematics 2007 appointed the lillian
4xNzWfpZJs0-00004-00001271-00001460 and george little professor of applied
4xNzWfpZJs0-00005-00001461-00001679 mathematics Courant Institute of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00006-00001680-00002156 mathematical sciences NYU 2007 elected
4xNzWfpZJs0-00007-00002157-00002491 fellow of the American Physical Society
4xNzWfpZJs0-00008-00002492-00002771 2009 inaugural fellow of the Society of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00009-00002772-00003146 industrial and applied mathematics 2012
4xNzWfpZJs0-00010-00003147-00003299 the libera schoo Memorial Lecture
4xNzWfpZJs0-00011-00003300-00003619 Virginia Tech College of Engineering
4xNzWfpZJs0-00012-00003620-00003922 2014 the Pels Memorial Lecture Rutgers
4xNzWfpZJs0-00013-00003923-00004325 University mechanical engineering 2015
4xNzWfpZJs0-00014-00004326-00004565 the AMS ia and Zed I am lecturer
4xNzWfpZJs0-00015-00004566-00004972 Australia 2015 plenary speaker national
4xNzWfpZJs0-00016-00004973-00005170 meeting of the Australian mathematical
4xNzWfpZJs0-00017-00005171-00005570 Society 2017 the Reis memorial lectures
4xNzWfpZJs0-00018-00005571-00005954 university of delaware 2019 elected
4xNzWfpZJs0-00019-00005955-00006161 fellow of the American Academy of Arts
4xNzWfpZJs0-00020-00006162-00006500 and Sciences died premature Rensselaer
4xNzWfpZJs0-00021-00006501-00006923 Polytechnic Institute 2006 Julianne Cole
4xNzWfpZJs0-00022-00006923-00007166 lectureship Society of industrial and
4xNzWfpZJs0-00023-00007167-00007567 applied mathematics 2007 appointed the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00024-00007568-00007759 Lillian and George little professor of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00025-00007761-00007991 applied mathematics who rant Institute
4xNzWfpZJs0-00026-00007992-00008444 of mathematical sciences NYU 2007
4xNzWfpZJs0-00027-00008445-00008612 elected fellow of the American Physical
4xNzWfpZJs0-00028-00008613-00009031 Society 2009 inaugural fellow of the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00029-00009032-00009221 Society of industrial and applied
4xNzWfpZJs0-00030-00009222-00009610 mathematics 2012 the libris KU Memorial
4xNzWfpZJs0-00031-00009611-00009799 Lecture Virginia Tech College of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00032-00009800-00010153 Engineering 2014 the Pels Memorial
4xNzWfpZJs0-00033-00010154-00010414 Lecture Rutgers University mechanical
4xNzWfpZJs0-00034-00010415-00010844 engineering 2015 the AMS ia and Z I am
4xNzWfpZJs0-00035-00010845-00011249 lecturer Australia 2015 plenary speaker
4xNzWfpZJs0-00036-00011250-00011428 national meeting of the Australian
4xNzWfpZJs0-00037-00011429-00011792 mathematical Society 2017 the Reis
4xNzWfpZJs0-00038-00011793-00012135 memorial lectures University of Delaware
4xNzWfpZJs0-00039-00012136-00012398 2019 elected fellow of the American
4xNzWfpZJs0-00040-00012399-00012683 Academy of Arts and Sciences died
4xNzWfpZJs0-00041-00012684-00012838 premature Rensselaer Polytechnic
4xNzWfpZJs0-00042-00012839-00013319 Institute 2006 Julianne Cole lectureship
4xNzWfpZJs0-00043-00013319-00013391 society
4xNzWfpZJs0-00044-00013391-00013726 of industrial and applied mathematics
4xNzWfpZJs0-00045-00013727-00013979 2007 appointed the lillian and george
4xNzWfpZJs0-00046-00013980-00014158 little professor of applied mathematics
4xNzWfpZJs0-00047-00014159-00014411 Courant Institute of mathematical
4xNzWfpZJs0-00048-00014412-00014876 sciences NYU 2007 elected fellow of the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00049-00014877-00015308 American Physical Society 2009 inaugural
4xNzWfpZJs0-00050-00015309-00015533 fellow of the Society of industrial and
4xNzWfpZJs0-00051-00015534-00015866 applied mathematics 2012 the libera
4xNzWfpZJs0-00052-00015866-00016075 schoo Memorial Lecture Virginia Tech
4xNzWfpZJs0-00053-00016076-00016430 College of Engineering 2014 the Pels
4xNzWfpZJs0-00054-00016431-00016647 Memorial Lecture Rutgers University
4xNzWfpZJs0-00055-00016648-00017075 mechanical engineering 2015 the AMS ia
4xNzWfpZJs0-00056-00017076-00017455 and Zed I am lecturer Australia 2015
4xNzWfpZJs0-00057-00017456-00017699 plenary speaker national meeting of the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00058-00017700-00018103 Australian mathematical Society 2017 the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00059-00018104-00018338 Reis memorial lectures University of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00060-00018339-00018668 Delaware 2019 elected fellow of the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00061-00018669-00018913 American Academy of Arts and Sciences
4xNzWfpZJs0-00062-00018914-00019169 died premature Rensselaer Polytechnic
4xNzWfpZJs0-00063-00019170-00019649 Institute 2006 Julianne Cole lectureship
4xNzWfpZJs0-00064-00019650-00019853 society of industrial and applied
4xNzWfpZJs0-00065-00019854-00020264 mathematics 2007 appointed the Lillian
4xNzWfpZJs0-00066-00020265-00020456 and George little professor of Applied
4xNzWfpZJs0-00067-00020457-00020672 Mathematics Courant Institute of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00068-00020673-00021149 mathematical sciences NYU 2007 elected
4xNzWfpZJs0-00069-00021150-00021484 fellow of the American Physical Society
4xNzWfpZJs0-00070-00021485-00021767 2009 inaugural fellow of the Society of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00071-00021768-00022139 industrial in applied mathematics 2012
4xNzWfpZJs0-00072-00022140-00022381 the libris KU Memorial Lecture Virginia
4xNzWfpZJs0-00073-00022382-00022736 Tech College of Engineering 2014 the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00074-00022737-00022978 Pels Memorial Lecture Rutgers University
4xNzWfpZJs0-00075-00022979-00023405 mechanical engineering 2015 the AMS ia
4xNzWfpZJs0-00076-00023406-00023786 and Z I am lecturer Australia 2015
4xNzWfpZJs0-00077-00023787-00024031 plenary speaker national meeting of the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00078-00024032-00024437 Australian mathematical Society 2017 the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00079-00024438-00024668 Reis memorial lectures University of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00080-00024669-00025000 Delaware 2019 elected fellow of the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00081-00025001-00025246 American Academy of Arts and Sciences
4xNzWfpZJs0-00082-00025247-00025502 died premature Rensselaer Polytechnic
4xNzWfpZJs0-00083-00025503-00025981 Institute 2006 Julianne Cole lectureship
4xNzWfpZJs0-00084-00025982-00026183 Society of industrial and applied
4xNzWfpZJs0-00085-00026183-00026594 mathematics 2007 appointed the Lillian
4xNzWfpZJs0-00086-00026595-00026783 and George little professor of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00087-00026783-00027002 mathematics Courant Institute of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00088-00027002-00027482 mathematical sciences NYU 2007 elected
4xNzWfpZJs0-00089-00027483-00027814 fellow of the American Physical Society
4xNzWfpZJs0-00090-00027814-00028096 2009 inaugural fellow of the Society of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00091-00028097-00028468 industrial and applied mathematics 2012
4xNzWfpZJs0-00092-00028469-00028712 the libris ku Memorial Lecture Virginia
4xNzWfpZJs0-00093-00028713-00029065 Tech College of Engineering 2014 the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00094-00029066-00029308 Pels Memorial Lecture Rutgers University
4xNzWfpZJs0-00095-00029308-00029735 mechanical engineering 2015 the AMS ia
4xNzWfpZJs0-00096-00029736-00030119 and Zed I am lecturer Australia 2015
4xNzWfpZJs0-00097-00030120-00030362 plenary speaker national meeting of the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00098-00030363-00030767 Australian mathematical Society 2017 the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00099-00030768-00031001 Rhys memorial lectures University of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00100-00031002-00031331 Delaware 2019 elected fellow of the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00101-00031332-00031576 American Academy of Arts and Sciences
4xNzWfpZJs0-00102-00031577-00031832 died premature Rensselaer Polytechnic
4xNzWfpZJs0-00103-00031833-00032312 Institute 2006 Julianne Cole lectureship
4xNzWfpZJs0-00104-00032313-00032512 Society of industrial and applied
4xNzWfpZJs0-00105-00032513-00032927 mathematics 2007 appointed the Lillian
4xNzWfpZJs0-00106-00032928-00033115 and George little professor of applied
4xNzWfpZJs0-00107-00033116-00033335 mathematics Courant Institute of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00108-00033336-00033812 mathematical sciences NYU 2007 elected
4xNzWfpZJs0-00109-00033813-00034146 fellow of the American Physical Society
4xNzWfpZJs0-00110-00034147-00034427 2009 inaugural fellow of the Society of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00111-00034428-00034802 industrial and applied mathematics 2012
4xNzWfpZJs0-00112-00034803-00035045 the libris KU Memorial Lecture Virginia
4xNzWfpZJs0-00113-00035046-00035399 Tech College of Engineering 2014 the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00114-00035400-00035640 Pels Memorial Lecture Rutgers University
4xNzWfpZJs0-00115-00035641-00036068 mechanical engineering 2015 the AMS ia
4xNzWfpZJs0-00116-00036069-00036449 and Zed I am lecturer Australia 2015
4xNzWfpZJs0-00117-00036450-00036695 plenary speaker national meeting of the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00118-00036696-00037100 Australian mathematical Society 2017 the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00119-00037101-00037331 Reis memorial lectures University of
4xNzWfpZJs0-00120-00037332-00037664 Delaware 2019 elected fellow of the
4xNzWfpZJs0-00121-00037665-00038041 American Academy of Arts and Sciences
4yFadyievhu-00000-00000002-00000353 I'm a friend of Rupert sing it loud and
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4yFadyievhu-00004-00001299-00001618 on a magic path there's so much for us
4yFadyievhu-00005-00001619-00001700 to see
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4yFadyievhu-00009-00002603-00002879 meaning you have inside of you your
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4yFadyievhu-00011-00003147-00003431 you do these are tools for you to use
4yFadyievhu-00012-00003432-00003763 along your way it's up to us to choose
4yFadyievhu-00013-00003764-00004142 our path each and every day I'm a friend
4yFadyievhu-00014-00004143-00004433 of Rupert sing you loud and clear if
4yFadyievhu-00015-00004434-00004688 your friend ever birthday gave a great
4yFadyievhu-00016-00004689-00004991 big cheer yeah
4znI3D62EgM-00000-00000000-00000241 hi I'm Tom Davis with Keller Williams
4znI3D62EgM-00001-00000242-00000505 Realty and today we're going to be
4znI3D62EgM-00002-00000506-00000746 talking about getting a head start on
4znI3D62EgM-00003-00000747-00001589 the spring market stick around welcome
4znI3D62EgM-00004-00001590-00001796 back today we're going to talk about why
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4znI3D62EgM-00006-00002157-00002423 consider selling your home number one
4znI3D62EgM-00007-00002424-00002789 the feds recently met and the interest
4znI3D62EgM-00008-00002790-00003098 rates are going up within the next four
4znI3D62EgM-00009-00003099-00003419 to six weeks reason number two is
4znI3D62EgM-00010-00003420-00003752 because of pent up demand because of
4znI3D62EgM-00011-00003753-00004097 uncertainty with the tax changes a lot
4znI3D62EgM-00012-00004098-00004343 of people have waited on the sidelines
4znI3D62EgM-00013-00004344-00004610 but now they're coming back into the
4znI3D62EgM-00014-00004611-00004904 market and they're ready to buy reason
4znI3D62EgM-00015-00004905-00005102 number three is because inventory is
4znI3D62EgM-00016-00005103-00005225 extremely low
4znI3D62EgM-00017-00005226-00005731 this January inventory was 12% less than
4znI3D62EgM-00018-00005732-00006124 it was last January due to natural
4znI3D62EgM-00019-00006125-00006452 disasters that we've had and also the
4znI3D62EgM-00020-00006453-00006794 lack of new home building and reason
4znI3D62EgM-00021-00006795-00007096 number four why right now may be very
4znI3D62EgM-00022-00007097-00007283 best time to consider selling your home
4znI3D62EgM-00023-00007284-00007616 is because landscaping is not a factor
4znI3D62EgM-00024-00007617-00007991 as much as it would be in the spring you
4znI3D62EgM-00025-00007992-00008170 really don't have to deal with it and
4znI3D62EgM-00026-00008172-00008483 put in any brand-new landscaping so if
4znI3D62EgM-00027-00008484-00008696 you're thinking about possibly selling
4znI3D62EgM-00028-00008697-00009092 give us a call in fact we just listed 10
4znI3D62EgM-00029-00009093-00009499 homes within the last 30 days and every
4znI3D62EgM-00030-00009500-00009824 one of them sold with multiple offers
4znI3D62EgM-00031-00009825-00010210 within the first 18 hours that they hit
4znI3D62EgM-00032-00010211-00010466 the market so again the market is really
4znI3D62EgM-00033-00010467-00010774 hot it's white hot it's exciting if
4znI3D62EgM-00034-00010775-00010919 you're thinking about selling give us a
4znI3D62EgM-00035-00010920-00011156 call send us an email you can look on my
4znI3D62EgM-00036-00011157-00011224 web site
4znI3D62EgM-00037-00011225-00011528 Tom Dave's calm or give me a call eight
4znI3D62EgM-00038-00011529-00011633 five five
4znI3D62EgM-00039-00011634-00011816 Tom Dave's thank you very much you have
4znI3D62EgM-00040-00011817-00011888 any
4znI3D62EgM-00041-00011889-00012158 questions let us know have a great day
4znI3D62EgM-00042-00012159-00012334 Thanks
4znI3D62EgM-00043-00012335-00013387 [Music]
4BWaMEyv-OY-00000-00000048-00000323 PC Gamer as a magazine founded in the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00001-00000324-00000631 United Kingdom in 1993 devoted to PC
4BWaMEyv-OY-00002-00000632-00000821 gaming and published monthly by future
4BWaMEyv-OY-00003-00000822-00001150 PLC the magazine has several regional
4BWaMEyv-OY-00004-00001151-00001375 editions with the UK and US editions
4BWaMEyv-OY-00005-00001376-00001573 becoming the best-selling PC games
4BWaMEyv-OY-00006-00001574-00001759 magazines in their respective countries
4BWaMEyv-OY-00007-00001760-00002003 the magazine features news on
4BWaMEyv-OY-00008-00002004-00002164 developments in the video game industry
4BWaMEyv-OY-00009-00002165-00002429 previews of new games and reviews of the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00010-00002430-00002672 latest popular PC games along with other
4BWaMEyv-OY-00011-00002673-00002878 features relating to Hardware mods
4BWaMEyv-OY-00012-00002879-00003686 classic games and various other topics
4BWaMEyv-OY-00013-00003687-00004231 topic review system
4BWaMEyv-OY-00014-00004232-00004468 PC gamer reviews are written by the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00015-00004469-00004690 magazine's editors and freelance writers
4BWaMEyv-OY-00016-00004691-00004981 and rate games on a percent scale in the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00017-00004982-00005224 UK edition no game has yet been awarded
4BWaMEyv-OY-00018-00005225-00005499 more than 96% Kerbal space program
4BWaMEyv-OY-00019-00005500-00005782 civilization to half-life half-life 2
4BWaMEyv-OY-00020-00005783-00006130 minecraft spelunky and quake 2 in the US
4BWaMEyv-OY-00021-00006131-00006328 edition no game has yet received a
4BWaMEyv-OY-00022-00006329-00006543 rating higher than 98 percent sid
4BWaMEyv-OY-00023-00006544-00006787 meier's alpha centauri half-life 2 in
4BWaMEyv-OY-00024-00006788-00007030 crisis in the UK edition the lowest
4BWaMEyv-OY-00025-00007031-00007294 numerical score was 2% awarded to the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00026-00007295-00007483 4th golden satellite awards for
4BWaMEyv-OY-00027-00007484-00007690 interactive media winner big brother won
4BWaMEyv-OY-00028-00007691-00008005 the sequel Big Brother two was given an
4BWaMEyv-OY-00029-00008006-00008263 even lower score than 8% the review
4BWaMEyv-OY-00030-00008264-00008530 explaining that PC gamer put as much
4BWaMEyv-OY-00031-00008531-00008737 effort into reviewing it as they did in
4BWaMEyv-OY-00032-00008738-00008937 making the game
4BWaMEyv-OY-00033-00008938-00009378 an issue 255 August 2013 the score of 2%
4BWaMEyv-OY-00034-00009379-00009555 was matched by the review of the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00035-00009556-00009777 rereleased Leisure Suit Larry magna
4BWaMEyv-OY-00036-00009778-00010068 laude originally given 3% when it first
4BWaMEyv-OY-00037-00010069-00010356 launched in the US edition the lowest
4BWaMEyv-OY-00038-00010357-00010632 score awarded was 4% given two Mad Dog
4BWaMEyv-OY-00039-00010633-00010866 McCree unseating the previously lowest
4BWaMEyv-OY-00040-00010867-00011627 rated game skydive given 5%
4BWaMEyv-OY-00041-00011628-00012142 topic additions
4BWaMEyv-OY-00042-00012143-00012403 there are two main editions of PC Gamer
4BWaMEyv-OY-00043-00012404-00012598 a British version and an American
4BWaMEyv-OY-00044-00012599-00012882 version both are published by future PLC
4BWaMEyv-OY-00045-00012883-00013108 founded in the United Kingdom in
4BWaMEyv-OY-00046-00013109-00013384 November 1993 the American sister
4BWaMEyv-OY-00047-00013385-00013558 version was launched a year later in
4BWaMEyv-OY-00048-00013559-00013863 June 1994 there are also numerous local
4BWaMEyv-OY-00049-00013865-00014062 editions that mainly use the materials
4BWaMEyv-OY-00050-00014063-00014278 of one of the two editions typically the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00051-00014279-00014461 British one including a Malaysian
4BWaMEyv-OY-00052-00014462-00014683 discontinued in December 2011 and
4BWaMEyv-OY-00053-00014684-00014911 Russian Edition discontinued in December
4BWaMEyv-OY-00054-00014912-00015262 2008 respectively the Swedish Edition
4BWaMEyv-OY-00055-00015263-00015472 though rooted in its UK counterpart has
4BWaMEyv-OY-00056-00015472-00015676 grown to be more independent largely due
4BWaMEyv-OY-00057-00015677-00015894 to the immense popularity of PC games
4BWaMEyv-OY-00058-00015895-00016111 compared to console games in Sweden and
4BWaMEyv-OY-00059-00016112-00016330 now produces most of its own material
4BWaMEyv-OY-00060-00016331-00016552 an Australian edition was published
4BWaMEyv-OY-00061-00016553-00016774 monthly by Perth based conspiracy
4BWaMEyv-OY-00062-00016775-00017026 publishing since August 1998 but it
4BWaMEyv-OY-00063-00017027-00017203 appears to have been discontinued in mid
4BWaMEyv-OY-00064-00017204-00017626 late 2004 a Spanish edition titled PC
4BWaMEyv-OY-00065-00017627-00017983 way goes why hug Edoras also exists both
4BWaMEyv-OY-00066-00017984-00018181 American and British magazines are
4BWaMEyv-OY-00067-00018182-00018403 published 13 times per year twice in
4BWaMEyv-OY-00068-00018404-00018547 December although there are sometimes
4BWaMEyv-OY-00069-00018548-00019155 variations
4BWaMEyv-OY-00070-00019156-00019782 topic PC gamer UK
4BWaMEyv-OY-00071-00019783-00020128 you
4BWaMEyv-OY-00072-00020129-00020624 topic magazine
4BWaMEyv-OY-00073-00020625-00020897 the British edition of PC gamer has been
4BWaMEyv-OY-00074-00020898-00021101 in constant monthly publication since
4BWaMEyv-OY-00075-00021102-00021491 1993 subscribers get a special edition
4BWaMEyv-OY-00076-00021492-00021689 of the magazine with no headlines on the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00077-00021690-00021920 front cover only the masthead and BBFC
4BWaMEyv-OY-00078-00021921-00022211 rating almost exclusively devoted to PC
4BWaMEyv-OY-00079-00022212-00022451 games the magazine has a reputation for
4BWaMEyv-OY-00080-00022452-00022643 giving in-depth reviews the magazine
4BWaMEyv-OY-00081-00022644-00022811 originally shipped with an accompanying
4BWaMEyv-OY-00082-00022812-00023279 3.5 inch 89 millimetres floppy disk a CD
4BWaMEyv-OY-00083-00023280-00023531 demo disc labeled CD gamer was released
4BWaMEyv-OY-00084-00023532-00023732 alongside the floppy disk edition from
4BWaMEyv-OY-00085-00023733-00023978 issue 11 onwards with the first CD gamer
4BWaMEyv-OY-00086-00023979-00024149 containing all the content from the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00087-00024150-00024437 previous ten issues floppy disks the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00088-00024438-00024716 single CD was later expanded to two CDs
4BWaMEyv-OY-00089-00024717-00024962 in addition with a nine gigabytes DVD
4BWaMEyv-OY-00090-00024963-00025226 known as DVD gamer ran alongside the two
4BWaMEyv-OY-00091-00025227-00025444 CD Edition for a couple of years until
4BWaMEyv-OY-00092-00025445-00025658 production of the CD gamer Edition
4BWaMEyv-OY-00093-00025658-00026059 ceased as of issue 162 the UK Edition
4BWaMEyv-OY-00094-00026060-00026200 then only came with a single
4BWaMEyv-OY-00095-00026201-00026585 double-sided DVD in August 2011 the UK
4BWaMEyv-OY-00096-00026586-00026756 magazine announced it was to be
4BWaMEyv-OY-00097-00026757-00027040 discontinuing the discs as of issue 232
4BWaMEyv-OY-00098-00027041-00027242 and replacing it with more pages of
4BWaMEyv-OY-00099-00027243-00027398 content within the magazine and
4BWaMEyv-OY-00100-00027399-00027977 exclusive free gifts
4BWaMEyv-OY-00101-00027977-00028494 topic regular features
4BWaMEyv-OY-00102-00028495-00028739 the magazine has many regular features
4BWaMEyv-OY-00103-00028741-00028887 which make up each edition of the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00104-00028888-00028941 magazine
4BWaMEyv-OY-00105-00028942-00029220 these include sections called eyewitness
4BWaMEyv-OY-00106-00029220-00029439 previews send where letters from the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00107-00029439-00029622 readers are spread over to two-page
4BWaMEyv-OY-00108-00029623-00029826 spreads at least one special feature
4BWaMEyv-OY-00109-00029827-00030060 which reports on gaming related issues
4BWaMEyv-OY-00110-00030061-00030276 such as the effect of PC gaming on the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00111-00030277-00030464 environment a review section which
4BWaMEyv-OY-00112-00030466-00030708 reviews the latest released PC games and
4BWaMEyv-OY-00113-00030708-00030852 re reviews titles that have been
4BWaMEyv-OY-00114-00030852-00031062 released on budget and extra life which
4BWaMEyv-OY-00115-00031063-00031248 reports on modding games and gaming
4BWaMEyv-OY-00116-00031249-00031545 culture and revisiting old games there
4BWaMEyv-OY-00117-00031545-00031737 is also a systems section which reviews
4BWaMEyv-OY-00118-00031738-00031980 and recommends Hardware such as video
4BWaMEyv-OY-00119-00031981-00032258 cards and monitors the back page of the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00120-00032260-00032481 magazine is entitled it's all over and
4BWaMEyv-OY-00121-00032482-00032661 usually consists of game related
4BWaMEyv-OY-00122-00032662-00032871 artworks such as a version of dollies
4BWaMEyv-OY-00123-00032872-00033051 the persistence of memory featuring
4BWaMEyv-OY-00124-00033052-00033354 items from portal for a time one of the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00125-00033355-00033573 magazine's features gamers snap where
4BWaMEyv-OY-00126-00033574-00033780 amusing pictures sent in by readers were
4BWaMEyv-OY-00127-00033781-00033957 printed in the magazine however the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00128-00033958-00034110 feature was discontinued and replaced
4BWaMEyv-OY-00129-00034111-00034332 with a guest the game where readers sent
4BWaMEyv-OY-00130-00034333-00034527 in drawings of memorable scenes in video
4BWaMEyv-OY-00131-00034528-00035185 games drawn in Microsoft Paint
4BWaMEyv-OY-00132-00035186-00035714 topic forum and blog
4BWaMEyv-OY-00133-00035715-00035957 the PC Gamer blog was started to
4BWaMEyv-OY-00134-00035958-00036161 coincide with the transfer of the PC
4BWaMEyv-OY-00135-00036162-00036368 gamer UK site to become part of the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00136-00036369-00036572 computer and video games Network which
4BWaMEyv-OY-00137-00036573-00036810 incorporates all of future PLC's gaming
4BWaMEyv-OY-00138-00036811-00037037 magazines the move brought some
4BWaMEyv-OY-00139-00037038-00037182 controversy with many long-standing
4BWaMEyv-OY-00140-00037183-00037407 members of the forum leaving due to the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00141-00037408-00037649 new forums cramped spacing advertising
4BWaMEyv-OY-00142-00037650-00037932 and slow loading times the introduction
4BWaMEyv-OY-00143-00037933-00038085 of a blog was seen as one of the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00144-00038086-00038327 redeeming features of the switch the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00145-00038328-00038540 blog has since been regularly updated
4BWaMEyv-OY-00146-00038541-00038702 with contributions from many of the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00147-00038703-00038942 magazine's staff the topics discussed
4BWaMEyv-OY-00148-00038943-00039188 range from the controversy over violent
4BWaMEyv-OY-00149-00039189-00039392 video games to the benefits of buying a
4BWaMEyv-OY-00150-00039393-00039804 PC over a console in 2010 PC gamer
4BWaMEyv-OY-00151-00039805-00040007 relaunched their website and blog by
4BWaMEyv-OY-00152-00040008-00040193 bringing together the online communities
4BWaMEyv-OY-00153-00040194-00040448 of both the US and UK magazines into one
4BWaMEyv-OY-00154-00040449-00040782 website as a result the PC gamer blog
4BWaMEyv-OY-00155-00040783-00041006 now has contributions from both the US
4BWaMEyv-OY-00156-00041007-00041243 and UK magazines all hosted at the new
4BWaMEyv-OY-00157-00041244-00041426 website along with the forums for both
4BWaMEyv-OY-00158-00041427-00041974 magazines
4BWaMEyv-OY-00159-00041975-00042474 topic podcast
4BWaMEyv-OY-00160-00042475-00042792 the pc gamer UK podcast was started on
4BWaMEyv-OY-00161-00042793-00043116 the 4th of May 2007 and ran 93 episodes
4BWaMEyv-OY-00162-00043117-00043302 until its final episode which was
4BWaMEyv-OY-00163-00043303-00043626 released on the 5th of July 2013 it had
4BWaMEyv-OY-00164-00043627-00043842 a rotating cast made up of members of
4BWaMEyv-OY-00165-00043843-00044052 the staff including Chris Thurston Tom
4BWaMEyv-OY-00166-00044053-00044304 senior Graham Smith Tom Francis and
4BWaMEyv-OY-00167-00044305-00044601 Marsh Davies the podcast was formerly
4BWaMEyv-OY-00168-00044602-00044793 hosted by Ross Atherton until his
4BWaMEyv-OY-00169-00044794-00045039 departure in June 2009 and then Tim
4BWaMEyv-OY-00170-00045040-00045354 Edwards until his departure in 2012 the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00171-00045355-00045540 host position varied between Chris
4BWaMEyv-OY-00172-00045541-00045729 Thurston and Graham Smith from week to
4BWaMEyv-OY-00173-00045730-00046041 week previously monthly the podcast was
4BWaMEyv-OY-00174-00046042-00046275 recorded every fortnight participants
4BWaMEyv-OY-00175-00046276-00046425 discussed the games they had been
4BWaMEyv-OY-00176-00046426-00046599 playing in news from the industry an
4BWaMEyv-OY-00177-00046600-00046803 answered questions submitted via Twitter
4BWaMEyv-OY-00178-00046804-00047064 the podcast began again in March 2016
4BWaMEyv-OY-00179-00047065-00047808 with a new episode being released weekly
4BWaMEyv-OY-00180-00047809-00048429 topic PC Gamer us
4BWaMEyv-OY-00181-00048430-00048779 you
4BWaMEyv-OY-00182-00048780-00049270 topic magazine
4BWaMEyv-OY-00183-00049271-00049510 the American edition of PC Gamer
4BWaMEyv-OY-00184-00049511-00050020 launched in 1994 in 1999 future us then
4BWaMEyv-OY-00185-00050021-00050239 known as imagine media purchased rival
4BWaMEyv-OY-00186-00050240-00050464 magazine PC games and merged its staff
4BWaMEyv-OY-00187-00050465-00051002 into the magazine
4BWaMEyv-OY-00188-00051003-00051480 topic demo disk
4BWaMEyv-OY-00189-00051482-00051725 similarly to the British Edition the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00190-00051726-00051923 magazine shipped with a demo disc though
4BWaMEyv-OY-00191-00051924-00052211 diskless versions were available the CDs
4BWaMEyv-OY-00192-00052212-00052460 were replaced by DVDs in the American
4BWaMEyv-OY-00193-00052461-00052673 edition on a month-to-month basis when
4BWaMEyv-OY-00194-00052674-00052942 PC games with full motion video FMV
4BWaMEyv-OY-00195-00052944-00053147 sequences were popular in the mid to
4BWaMEyv-OY-00196-00053148-00053494 late 1990s PC gamers cd-rom included
4BWaMEyv-OY-00197-00053495-00053744 elaborate FMV sequences featuring one of
4BWaMEyv-OY-00198-00053745-00053996 their editors to access the features of
4BWaMEyv-OY-00199-00053997-00054248 the CD including the demos patches and
4BWaMEyv-OY-00200-00054249-00054437 reviews the user had to navigate a
4BWaMEyv-OY-00201-00054438-00054629 basement which played very much like
4BWaMEyv-OY-00202-00054629-00054953 classic PC games such as Myst it was in
4BWaMEyv-OY-00203-00054954-00055132 this game sequence that the magazine's
4BWaMEyv-OY-00204-00055133-00055373 mascot coconut monkey was introduced
4BWaMEyv-OY-00205-00055374-00055535 just as the editor was leaving the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00206-00055536-00055732 magazine marking the transition from the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00207-00055733-00055963 FMV demo cds to the more contemporary
4BWaMEyv-OY-00208-00055964-00056188 menu-driven demo cds that were
4BWaMEyv-OY-00209-00056189-00056419 subsequently used in the september 2011
4BWaMEyv-OY-00210-00056420-00056660 edition of PC gamer it was announced
4BWaMEyv-OY-00211-00056661-00056813 that they would be dropping the demo
4BWaMEyv-OY-00212-00056814-00057007 discs altogether and concentrating on
4BWaMEyv-OY-00213-00057008-00057188 improving the quality of the magazine
4BWaMEyv-OY-00214-00057189-00057362 instead with a promise of a larger
4BWaMEyv-OY-00215-00057363-00057529 magazine printed on a heavier paper
4BWaMEyv-OY-00216-00057530-00057848 stock the usual demo disc content would
4BWaMEyv-OY-00217-00057849-00058395 be made available online
4BWaMEyv-OY-00218-00058396-00058907 topic coconut monkey
4BWaMEyv-OY-00219-00058908-00059183 coconut monkey is the mascot for the US
4BWaMEyv-OY-00220-00059184-00059404 edition he was created by founding
4BWaMEyv-OY-00221-00059405-00059588 editor Matt fear May and modeled on a
4BWaMEyv-OY-00222-00059589-00059894 Bermudan tourist trinket coconut monkey
4BWaMEyv-OY-00223-00059895-00060089 appears in the pages of the magazine and
4BWaMEyv-OY-00224-00060090-00060308 has occasionally provided commentary on
4BWaMEyv-OY-00225-00060309-00060505 demo discs included with the magazine
4BWaMEyv-OY-00226-00060507-00060782 the coconut monkey appears in a number
4BWaMEyv-OY-00227-00060783-00061028 of game mods the coconut monkey is often
4BWaMEyv-OY-00228-00061029-00061247 used to parody vaporware by advertising
4BWaMEyv-OY-00229-00061248-00061451 the unreleased game gravy trader which
4BWaMEyv-OY-00230-00061452-00061691 has been given a 101 percent score on
4BWaMEyv-OY-00231-00061691-00061949 some of the review discs the character
4BWaMEyv-OY-00232-00061950-00062087 would often cite that he would do
4BWaMEyv-OY-00233-00062088-00062348 something dependent on the train of
4BWaMEyv-OY-00234-00062349-00062582 thought but used the excuse but I have
4BWaMEyv-OY-00235-00062583-00062879 no hands as a reason for not doing it
4BWaMEyv-OY-00236-00062879-00063050 even though his two hands and fingers
4BWaMEyv-OY-00237-00063051-00063308 are clearly visible on his belly as a
4BWaMEyv-OY-00238-00063309-00063505 side note he claimed he was the product
4BWaMEyv-OY-00239-00063507-00063734 of a coconut his mother and a Sri Lankan
4BWaMEyv-OY-00240-00063735-00064394 rat basher his father
4BWaMEyv-OY-00241-00064395-00064958 topic ethics incidents
4BWaMEyv-OY-00242-00064959-00065303 in January 2015 writer Tyler Wilde was
4BWaMEyv-OY-00243-00065304-00065438 found to have written numerous articles
4BWaMEyv-OY-00244-00065439-00065690 about Ubisoft while dating a Ubisoft
4BWaMEyv-OY-00245-00065691-00065926 employee with the title communications
4BWaMEyv-OY-00246-00065927-00066182 associate this together with the fact
4BWaMEyv-OY-00247-00066183-00066425 that editor-in-chief Tim Clark was aware
4BWaMEyv-OY-00248-00066426-00066601 of the relationship led to general
4BWaMEyv-OY-00249-00066602-00066806 questions about the publication's ethics
4BWaMEyv-OY-00250-00066807-00067097 policies Clark and Wilde responded
4BWaMEyv-OY-00251-00067098-00067289 pointing out that Wilde had not reviewed
4BWaMEyv-OY-00252-00067290-00067436 any Ubisoft games during the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00253-00067437-00067598 relationship and admitting that the
4BWaMEyv-OY-00254-00067599-00067754 relationship should have been disclosed
4BWaMEyv-OY-00255-00067755-00067862 in other coverage
4BWaMEyv-OY-00256-00067863-00068150 Clark stated PC gamer writers will
4BWaMEyv-OY-00257-00068151-00068348 continue to be obliged to disclose any
4BWaMEyv-OY-00258-00068349-00068543 significant personal relationships with
4BWaMEyv-OY-00259-00068544-00068894 people whose work they might cover
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00000-00000816-00001135 it is my very distinct honor and special
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00001-00001136-00001391 pleasure to present to you
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00002-00001392-00001743 at this time our next conference speaker
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00003-00001744-00002047 dr robert gallo
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00004-00002048-00002367 dr gallo is a most esteemed investigator
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00005-00002368-00002671 of biological mysteries
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00006-00002672-00002910 his interest in the area goes back into
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00007-00002911-00003191 childhood in a relationship he had with
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00008-00003192-00003406 a pathologist who used to fascinate him
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00009-00003407-00003711 with medical detective stories
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00010-00003711-00003935 so as a child then he knew this is his
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00011-00003936-00004327 kind of work he wanted to do that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00012-00004328-00004591 so when the appropriate time came
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00013-00004592-00004775 he went off to college
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00014-00004776-00005127 got his ba at providence college
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00015-00005128-00005335 went on to jefferson medical college and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00016-00005336-00005543 later internship and residency work at
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00017-00005544-00005783 the university of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00018-00005784-00006070 while he was still in school
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00019-00006071-00006302 his gifts as a medical investigator
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00020-00006303-00006542 caught the attention of national cancer
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00021-00006543-00006710 institute
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00022-00006711-00006839 and they hired him right out of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00023-00006840-00007087 residency as a clinical associate and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00024-00007088-00007303 three years later promoted him to the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00025-00007304-00007519 post of senior investigator
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00026-00007520-00008023 in the laboratory of human cell biology
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00027-00008023-00008183 the rest has been
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00028-00008184-00008495 a stunning record of achievement
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00029-00008496-00008671 and service to the betterment of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00030-00008672-00008823 humanity
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00031-00008824-00009095 in the area of cell biology
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00032-00009096-00009374 the study of white blood cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00033-00009375-00009567 possible viral causes of cancer and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00034-00009568-00009791 leukemia
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00035-00009792-00010110 and the immunological investigations
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00036-00010111-00010431 of the htlv virus which eventually led
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00037-00010432-00010687 to the intensive study of aids
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00038-00010688-00010959 the discovery of the aids virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00039-00010960-00011151 and development of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00040-00011152-00011342 aids antibody test
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00041-00011343-00011583 the circumstance i'm sure many people
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00042-00011584-00011959 know also plunged dr gallo into
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00043-00011960-00012167 also the human realm
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00044-00012168-00012359 of international controversy and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00045-00012360-00012655 intrigue
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00046-00012656-00012894 along his path dr gallo as has
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00047-00012895-00013135 accumulated an array of prestigious
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00048-00013136-00013399 awards and prizes for advancement in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00049-00013400-00013575 scientific research
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00050-00013576-00013830 including the albert lasker award which
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00051-00013831-00013958 i believe
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00052-00013959-00014151 dr gallo is the only person to have won
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00053-00014152-00014591 that award twice in 1982 and 1986
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00054-00014591-00014766 and there are other prizes and awards
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00055-00014768-00014991 too numerous to mention you can see some
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00056-00014991-00015222 of them listed in your program
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00057-00015223-00015566 and there are still others
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00058-00015568-00015775 he is by the calculations of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00059-00015776-00016038 institute for scientific information the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00060-00016040-00016271 most widely referenced scientist of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00061-00016272-00016415 1980s
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00062-00016416-00016719 with over 23 000 citations in medical
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00063-00016720-00016999 literature
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00064-00017000-00017239 he's still with his original employer
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00065-00017240-00017358 back there at the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00066-00017359-00017471 national
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00067-00017472-00017639 cancer institute at the national
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00068-00017640-00017863 institutes of health in washington
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00069-00017864-00018143 where since 1972
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00070-00018144-00018350 he has served as the chief of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00071-00018351-00018679 laboratory of tumor cell biology
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00072-00018680-00018822 he's going to talk to us today about
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00073-00018823-00019047 human retroviruses
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00074-00019048-00019551 won't you welcome please dr robert gallo
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00075-00019552-00021791 [Applause]
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00076-00021792-00021975 i'd like to begin by thanking the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00077-00021976-00022111 organizers
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00078-00022112-00022319 for inviting me i'm honored to be here
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00079-00022320-00022535 with you i want to particularly thank
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00080-00022536-00022807 chaplain elvi and dr lemmer who i think
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00081-00022808-00023014 are the major organizers and i assuming
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00082-00023015-00023230 did most of the work with their staffs
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00083-00023231-00023407 and naturally i want to thank rich for
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00084-00023408-00023630 introducing me and for being not my
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00085-00023631-00023814 shepherd but maybe my guardian angel
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00086-00023815-00023919 also
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00087-00023920-00024063 keeping me from getting lost all the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00088-00024064-00024263 time i'd like to talk to you about the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00089-00024264-00024494 aids epidemic from the perspective of a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00090-00024495-00024663 laboratory scientist
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00091-00024664-00024814 who began as a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00092-00024815-00024999 md sort of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00093-00025000-00025263 and i'd like to do it by
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00094-00025264-00025486 having some reflections to the past and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00095-00025487-00025662 also to the future but with
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00096-00025663-00025887 concentrations for the work we're doing
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00097-00025888-00026158 now namely of course the present
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00098-00026160-00026374 at the beginning of the epidemic all of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00099-00026375-00026718 you may recall it was 1981 when the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00100-00026719-00026958 disease was first recognized recognized
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00101-00026960-00027127 on both east coast and west coast of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00102-00027127-00027279 united states
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00103-00027280-00027511 among gay men
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00104-00027512-00027702 that epidemic however had started
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00105-00027704-00027935 substantially early earlier
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00106-00027936-00028158 and wasn't recognized because it took so
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00107-00028160-00028351 many years for the disease to become
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00108-00028352-00028711 manifest in the people who were infected
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00109-00028712-00028846 when this happened
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00110-00028847-00029046 many people most of us in the scientific
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00111-00029047-00029231 community were a little shocked
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00112-00029232-00029358 surprised
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00113-00029360-00029535 it was unexpected
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00114-00029536-00029670 we felt
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00115-00029672-00029767 that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00116-00029768-00029974 microbes that caused
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00117-00029975-00030207 major epidemic fatal disease were really
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00118-00030208-00030514 things of the past maybe things for
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00119-00030516-00030823 non-industrialized nations we had after
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00120-00030824-00031039 all learned a lot about sanitation
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00121-00031039-00031214 we had antibiotics for bacteria
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00122-00031216-00031527 chemicals for some other kinds of bugs
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00123-00031527-00031727 we learned how to avoid such things but
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00124-00031727-00031846 re-reading
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00125-00031847-00032046 or reading for the first time
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00126-00032047-00032239 the nature of epidemics of the past we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00127-00032239-00032462 can see that even in antiquity
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00128-00032463-00032670 without the so-called sophistications
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00129-00032672-00032855 that we have now
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00130-00032856-00033079 epidemics could disappear for long
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00131-00033080-00033255 periods of time
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00132-00033256-00033446 there is suggestions that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00133-00033447-00033590 in the greek and roman period there
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00134-00033591-00033807 might have been 100 in 200 years without
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00135-00033808-00034159 serious epidemics so we're reminded that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00136-00034160-00034415 microbial epidemic serious disease can
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00137-00034416-00034511 come
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00138-00034512-00034743 out of the blue it seems come and go
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00139-00034744-00034862 sometimes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00140-00034863-00035287 sometimes come and apparently not go
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00141-00035288-00035559 so let's go back to some aspects of that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00142-00035560-00035799 early period and say
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00143-00035800-00035927 first of all
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00144-00035928-00036062 that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00145-00036063-00036374 it wasn't new to have a new epidemic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00146-00036375-00036583 it also wasn't new in the way society
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00147-00036584-00036702 responded
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00148-00036703-00036879 there were a lot of criticisms about the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00149-00036880-00037111 ways governments and society first
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00150-00037112-00037311 accepted the aids epidemic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00151-00037312-00037502 but looking at previous epidemics it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00152-00037503-00037727 seems to parallel exactly the same kind
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00153-00037728-00037983 of emotions
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00154-00037984-00038230 then belief fear overreaction hostility
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00155-00038231-00038439 blame and failure to understand the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00156-00038440-00038759 science by a majority
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00157-00038760-00038951 there was however a few things that were
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00158-00038952-00039046 new
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00159-00039047-00039230 one thing that was new were changes in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00160-00039231-00039462 the society a point i'd like to come
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00161-00039463-00039646 back to in just a moment
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00162-00039647-00039839 changes in society which made a rare
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00163-00039840-00040127 infection of human beings become global
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00164-00040128-00040335 and relatively common
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00165-00040336-00040590 there's another change or excuse me
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00166-00040591-00040759 something else that was new
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00167-00040760-00040927 and that's the nature of the microbe
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00168-00040928-00041111 that causes aids we hadn't faced
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00169-00041112-00041374 something exactly like this before
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00170-00041375-00041551 and i believe it is not just the aids
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00171-00041552-00041662 virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00172-00041663-00041887 but collectively we can look at a group
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00173-00041888-00042030 of viruses
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00174-00042031-00042271 not even viruses all of the same general
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00175-00042272-00042383 kind
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00176-00042384-00042615 that have become increasingly important
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00177-00042616-00042846 in this century as time has gone by
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00178-00042847-00043055 i tried to summarize their properties in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00179-00043056-00043343 the first slide that i'll present to you
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00180-00043344-00043511 most of us growing up would think of a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00181-00043512-00043871 virus as something we catch easily
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00182-00043872-00044095 get rid of fairly easily and don't
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00183-00044096-00044487 usually get seriously harmed from it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00184-00044488-00044679 but the viruses that we're more and more
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00185-00044680-00044983 concerned about
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00186-00044984-00045174 are viruses that we can summarize this
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00187-00045175-00045287 way
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00188-00045288-00045535 they are new or if they're not new
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00189-00045536-00045815 at least they are newly discovered
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00190-00045816-00045958 second point is that they're difficult
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00191-00045959-00046111 to find
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00192-00046112-00046302 most viruses that we are accustomed to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00193-00046303-00046518 think about from the past
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00194-00046519-00046743 are replicating in a lot of cells and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00195-00046744-00046927 are not so easy excuse me not so
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00196-00046928-00047190 difficult to isolate or not so difficult
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00197-00047191-00047343 to detect
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00198-00047344-00047567 but the viruses of current importance
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00199-00047568-00047846 more and more are those that replicate
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00200-00047847-00048095 inefficiently or have very few target
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00201-00048096-00048199 cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00202-00048200-00048430 and are often invisible to the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00203-00048431-00048607 not just the naked eye or a microscope
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00204-00048608-00048815 but even to the electron microscope
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00205-00048816-00048967 they're not just small they're
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00206-00048968-00049207 absolutely invisible at certain times in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00207-00049208-00049455 their replication cycle
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00208-00049456-00049679 they're difficult to transmit often
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00209-00049680-00049886 difficult to transmit because
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00210-00049887-00050199 they replicate not so efficiently
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00211-00050200-00050351 there's not so many of them and all of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00212-00050352-00050551 biology is quantitative
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00213-00050552-00050735 and to infect a cell takes a certain
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00214-00050736-00051007 number of virus particles that maintain
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00215-00051008-00051238 the ability to infect many particles
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00216-00051239-00051382 within a group of viruses will be
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00217-00051383-00051502 defective
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00218-00051503-00051670 some will be defective because they've
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00219-00051671-00051830 been physically partially destroyed
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00220-00051832-00051950 others will have their genetic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00221-00051951-00052158 information partly defective so there
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00222-00052159-00052366 has to be a reasonable number of virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00223-00052367-00052599 particles to have an infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00224-00052600-00052799 and these viruses as i said already also
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00225-00052800-00053047 have special target cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00226-00053048-00053207 thank goodness that the aids virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00227-00053208-00053430 cannot infect the common cells of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00228-00053432-00053694 nasal or oropharynx or we would have a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00229-00053695-00053926 casually transmissible agent that would
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00230-00053927-00054175 certainly be the end of humanity
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00231-00054176-00054342 the fourth point is that they have a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00232-00054344-00054550 very long latency period
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00233-00054551-00054735 this means from the time of infection to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00234-00054736-00054999 visible disease as many years often
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00235-00055000-00055191 sometimes as long as seven eight nine
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00236-00055191-00055366 ten years and sometimes even still
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00237-00055367-00055503 longer
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00238-00055504-00055647 a group of them that i'll talk about
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00239-00055648-00055935 just as a digression almost usually
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00240-00055936-00056159 takes 10 to 30 years to produce its
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00241-00056160-00056279 disease
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00242-00056279-00056430 imagine if you don't have the virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00243-00056432-00056711 isolated and you don't have any way to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00244-00056712-00056838 check for it because you don't have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00245-00056839-00057071 specific probes how do you follow an
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00246-00057072-00057230 epidemic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00247-00057232-00057399 you look for disease how do you follow
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00248-00057400-00057503 disease
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00249-00057504-00057679 when it's poorly transmitted among a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00250-00057679-00057766 group
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00251-00057767-00058015 and takes 10 years to become manifest it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00252-00058016-00058223 becomes a nightmare
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00253-00058224-00058350 the fifth point
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00254-00058351-00058519 is that these are infections from the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00255-00058520-00058694 time of birth until death they're
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00256-00058695-00058887 lifelong infections in many of the cases
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00257-00058888-00059071 that i'm referring to that's certainly
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00258-00059072-00059287 true of course of the aids virus and as
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00259-00059288-00059479 far as i know for any
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00260-00059479-00059711 virus of the same general category which
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00261-00059712-00059966 we call retrovirus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00262-00059967-00060135 and they can be transmitted to others
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00263-00060136-00060319 during that long period from the time of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00264-00060320-00060542 infection to the time of birth point
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00265-00060544-00060679 number five
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00266-00060679-00060838 this is especially
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00267-00060839-00060975 important point
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00268-00060976-00061103 there are textbooks of clinical
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00269-00061104-00061375 microbiology that state even today
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00270-00061376-00061519 because they were written before we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00271-00061520-00061615 understood
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00272-00061616-00061838 many aspects about aids that it is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00273-00061839-00061966 impossible
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00274-00061967-00062287 for a microbe to cause a global epidemic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00275-00062288-00062575 a pandemic if the microbe isn't easily
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00276-00062576-00062711 transmissible
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00277-00062712-00062919 but we know with the aids virus that's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00278-00062920-00063079 no longer true
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00279-00063079-00063230 everywhere in the world there is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00280-00063232-00063415 infection with hiv now except in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00281-00063416-00063575 antarctica
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00282-00063576-00063894 so it became relatively rapidly global
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00283-00063895-00064094 even though it's hard to transmit and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00284-00064095-00064350 requires intimate contact with body
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00285-00064351-00064687 fluids and usually a reasonable amount
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00286-00064688-00064879 of body fluids
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00287-00064879-00065126 what explains that are two things in my
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00288-00065127-00065223 mind
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00289-00065224-00065342 the first
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00290-00065344-00065471 is that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00291-00065472-00065703 the virus is present so long as an
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00292-00065704-00066038 infectious agent with other viruses most
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00293-00066039-00066271 viruses that we think about the time you
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00294-00066272-00066479 can infect another person may be a day a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00295-00066480-00066823 week a month but not 10 or 20 years
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00296-00066824-00067015 and the second reason again
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00297-00067016-00067271 is the changes in society which i said
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00298-00067272-00067494 i'd come to in just a moment
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00299-00067495-00067655 the sixth point is that many of these
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00300-00067656-00067831 microbes these viruses are causing
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00301-00067832-00067975 serious disease
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00302-00067976-00068255 diseases of the brain and spinal cord
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00303-00068256-00068575 malignancies cancers related abnormal
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00304-00068576-00068759 cell growth as well
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00305-00068760-00069063 and of course serious immune deficiency
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00306-00069064-00069279 they've become increasingly important
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00307-00069280-00069487 and examples of them include all the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00308-00069488-00069671 human retroviruses but especially the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00309-00069672-00069815 aids virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00310-00069816-00070031 papilloma viruses some of the hepatitis
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00311-00070032-00070143 viruses
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00312-00070144-00070279 probably viruses we haven't yet
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00313-00070280-00070463 discovered and in some respects even
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00314-00070464-00070679 herpes viruses although the herpes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00315-00070680-00070847 viruses are certainly more readily
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00316-00070848-00071103 transmitted they too set up persistent
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00317-00071104-00071343 and long-time infections i won't talk
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00318-00071344-00071535 about it today but in fact
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00319-00071536-00071711 six years ago my colleagues and i found
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00320-00071712-00071919 the new herpes virus called human herpes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00321-00071920-00072167 virus 6 hhv-6
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00322-00072168-00072335 which is becoming more and more
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00323-00072336-00072567 important as time goes by although at
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00324-00072568-00072719 the beginning we thought it was just
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00325-00072720-00073087 going to be a passing fancy for us
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00326-00073088-00073279 now how did the aids epidemic begin and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00327-00073280-00073494 where did it begin no one can say with
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00328-00073495-00073775 absolute certainty but logic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00329-00073776-00074055 and a lot of circumstantial and indirect
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00330-00074056-00074150 evidence
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00331-00074151-00074359 strongly indicates that this virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00332-00074360-00074599 originated like much of life
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00333-00074600-00074847 from africa probably from equatorial
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00334-00074848-00074943 africa
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00335-00074944-00075143 one of several reasons
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00336-00075144-00075335 is the presence widespread particularly
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00337-00075336-00075519 in the sarcopenicine
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00338-00075520-00075782 family of monkeys of a related virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00339-00075783-00075967 known today as semian immunodeficiency
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00340-00075968-00076206 virus or siv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00341-00076207-00076550 virus present in these monkeys siv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00342-00076551-00076759 is very closely related
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00343-00076760-00076991 it's as to the human immunodeficiency
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00344-00076992-00077382 virus the hiv called hiv2
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00345-00077383-00077726 for reasons no one understands hiv 2
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00346-00077727-00077999 is relatively relatively limited to west
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00347-00078000-00078126 africa
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00348-00078127-00078335 and despite extensive study of its
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00349-00078336-00078511 molecular biology
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00350-00078512-00078662 hiv2
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00351-00078663-00078879 the reason hiv-2 is spreading less
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00352-00078880-00079015 rapidly
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00353-00079016-00079255 and causing aids with less efficiency
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00354-00079256-00079447 remains unknown
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00355-00079448-00079671 but i repeat viruses present in many of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00356-00079672-00079926 those monkeys as as much is as much an
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00357-00079927-00080079 hiv too
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00358-00080080-00080311 as different isolates of hiv 2 are from
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00359-00080312-00080431 different people
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00360-00080432-00080862 hiv 2 is a simian immunodeficiency virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00361-00080863-00081215 now what about the real age virus hiv-1
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00362-00081216-00081423 the sivs present in these monkeys are
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00363-00081424-00081647 significantly different 50 60 percent of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00364-00081648-00081791 their genetic information is quite
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00365-00081792-00082047 different from hiv-1 but in the last few
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00366-00082048-00082182 years there's been at least a few
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00367-00082183-00082471 isolates from chimpanzees
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00368-00082472-00082599 of a virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00369-00082600-00082862 that is significantly closer related to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00370-00082863-00083103 hiv1 and is probably the ancestral
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00371-00083104-00083415 origin of the virus in human beings
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00372-00083416-00083575 i believe these viruses have been
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00373-00083576-00083911 present in human beings for a long time
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00374-00083912-00084143 not as long as the leukemia viruses that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00375-00084144-00084391 i'll talk about in just a second as one
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00376-00084392-00084550 modest digression
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00377-00084551-00084735 they've been present in men
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00378-00084736-00084982 for very very long time
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00379-00084983-00085182 we can't say when these viruses first
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00380-00085183-00085391 entered man one can guess maybe several
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00381-00085392-00085550 hundred years maybe a thousand years
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00382-00085551-00085862 it's hard it's impossible to pin down
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00383-00085863-00086159 but the epidemic is very new
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00384-00086160-00086494 the epidemic begins sometime
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00385-00086495-00086823 probably in the 1960s early 1960s and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00386-00086824-00087143 it's really epidemic in the 1970s
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00387-00087144-00087350 and certainly we're seeing disease of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00388-00087351-00087599 course by the 1980s
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00389-00087600-00087735 what caused
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00390-00087736-00088031 a rare virus to spread like this
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00391-00088032-00088199 earlier i said i would have come to the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00392-00088200-00088471 point of changes in society the evidence
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00393-00088472-00088647 would suggest that this was probably an
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00394-00088648-00088950 infection in rural or bush populations
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00395-00088951-00089167 and that people died with their disease
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00396-00089168-00089326 it didn't spread it didn't become
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00397-00089327-00089550 epidemic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00398-00089551-00089743 post-world war ii
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00399-00089744-00089967 the development of commercial travel air
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00400-00089968-00090087 tourism
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00401-00090088-00090343 the airplane big contacts of people who
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00402-00090344-00090606 didn't have so many contacts before is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00403-00090607-00090775 possibly one explanation increased
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00404-00090776-00091006 sexual promiscuity intravenous drug
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00405-00091007-00091255 addiction blood supply and blood
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00406-00091256-00091479 products moving from one nation
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00407-00091480-00091638 to another nation
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00408-00091639-00091879 and specifically in africa perhaps the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00409-00091880-00092062 departure of colonial powers in the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00410-00092063-00092271 upsetting of old ways
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00411-00092272-00092503 and inability to go back to old ways
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00412-00092504-00092743 combined with famine in war
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00413-00092744-00092982 and population movements to large cities
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00414-00092983-00093238 and increasing prostitution
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00415-00093239-00093479 it is reasonable that this began the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00416-00093480-00093606 epidemic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00417-00093607-00093847 that we call aids today
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00418-00093848-00094015 now i'd like to move to where we are
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00419-00094016-00094191 today in the epidemic the slides that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00420-00094192-00094423 i'll show you there will be three are a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00421-00094424-00094550 little bit outdated they're one or two
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00422-00094551-00094703 years old now
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00423-00094704-00094903 please look at numbers
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00424-00094904-00095143 of aids not of infected people
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00425-00095144-00095399 but what is it no this is no this is i'm
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00426-00095400-00095606 sorry this is the distribution of hiv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00427-00095607-00095759 infection in the world
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00428-00095760-00095959 the number of people
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00429-00095960-00096159 with infection right now in the world is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00430-00096160-00096374 something like around 10 million it's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00431-00096375-00096631 probably more it's underreported it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00432-00096632-00096806 can't be reported in certain countries
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00433-00096807-00096991 of the world accurately
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00434-00096992-00097150 it is estimated that this number will
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00435-00097151-00097350 increase by the year 2000 to somewhere
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00436-00097351-00097662 between 50 and 150 million people
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00437-00097663-00097926 so that's the pattern today
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00438-00097927-00098135 this is the the projected estimates from
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00439-00098136-00098271 the center for disease control in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00440-00098272-00098479 atlanta georgia and it looks at
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00441-00098480-00098743 different areas of the world
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00442-00098744-00098903 let's look for example
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00443-00098904-00099182 of our own area industrialized countries
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00444-00099183-00099326 and you can see that there's a relative
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00445-00099327-00099535 plateauing in the rates of infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00446-00099536-00099774 predicted for the coming years
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00447-00099775-00099967 that is predominantly due
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00448-00099968-00100215 to the decreased rate of infection among
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00449-00100216-00100471 gay men in the industrialized nations
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00450-00100472-00100655 but if you took sub-populations out of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00451-00100656-00100887 that you'd see a striking increase in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00452-00100888-00101150 the rates of infection for example in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00453-00101151-00101374 so-called hispanic populations in big
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00454-00101375-00101567 cities of the east coast of the united
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00455-00101568-00101767 states there is dramatic rise
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00456-00101768-00101911 in the children of such people the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00457-00101912-00102150 babies born to infected women
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00458-00102151-00102335 so in some populations in the united
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00459-00102336-00102639 states there's dramatic rise but overall
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00460-00102640-00102902 the rate seems to be about plateauing
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00461-00102903-00103054 all of you know that increasingly it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00462-00103055-00103263 becomes more and more talked about as
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00463-00103264-00103494 spreading also by heterosexual
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00464-00103495-00103615 intercourse
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00465-00103616-00103790 but that is not a surprise you all know
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00466-00103791-00103999 that that was known from the beginning
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00467-00104000-00104158 in other places in the world and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00468-00104159-00104406 especially in equatorial africa
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00469-00104407-00104630 look at the dramatic rise shown in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00470-00104631-00104727 yellow
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00471-00104728-00104966 in sub-saharan african countries
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00472-00104967-00105286 with apparently no end in sight
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00473-00105288-00105551 and look at the sudden jump
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00474-00105552-00105751 in the white over here from nothing in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00475-00105752-00105999 1986 87
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00476-00106000-00106199 going up like this in some of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00477-00106200-00106527 southern eastern asian countries
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00478-00106528-00106799 especially thailand also the philippines
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00479-00106800-00107071 and most recently india
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00480-00107072-00107271 and you can also see a steady
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00481-00107272-00107502 rise in the so-called latin american
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00482-00107503-00107663 countries
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00483-00107664-00107807 another interesting way to look at the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00484-00107808-00108071 epidemic is the way the virus is now
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00485-00108072-00108254 known to be spread or estimated to be
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00486-00108255-00108471 spread again from center of disease
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00487-00108472-00108678 control in atlanta estimates
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00488-00108679-00108934 and it also the slide should also list
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00489-00108935-00109151 the relative efficiency of infection by
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00490-00109152-00109271 the virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00491-00109272-00109463 so we can see that the bulk of infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00492-00109464-00109702 today is occurring by sexual intercourse
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00493-00109703-00109847 80 percent
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00494-00109848-00110054 the majority of that is vaginal sexual
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00495-00110055-00110439 intercourse 70 of the total
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00496-00110440-00110623 another
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00497-00110624-00110758 significant
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00498-00110759-00110878 increase
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00499-00110879-00111063 in infection is of course by intravenous
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00500-00111064-00111278 drug abuse which is estimated to be five
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00501-00111279-00111431 to ten percent
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00502-00111432-00111654 health care workers at risk
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00503-00111655-00111910 a low but significant number
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00504-00111911-00112095 blood transfusions are disappearing with
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00505-00112096-00112334 the development of the blood test
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00506-00112335-00112551 and increasing infection perinatally
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00507-00112552-00112734 from mother to child the majority of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00508-00112735-00112895 that occurs during the process of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00509-00112896-00113039 delivery
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00510-00113040-00113215 it's interesting and i don't understand
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00511-00113216-00113399 it maybe some obstetrician will explain
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00512-00113400-00113599 it but in twins when they're born the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00513-00113600-00113807 first twin has about a four-fold greater
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00514-00113808-00114015 chance of being infected than the second
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00515-00114016-00114231 twin
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00516-00114232-00114463 the efficiency of infection is of course
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00517-00114464-00114639 if you get blood transfused with the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00518-00114640-00114854 virus the efficiency is incredibly high
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00519-00114855-00115078 it's probably close to 100 percent
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00520-00115079-00115231 because of dose and it gets into your
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00521-00115232-00115407 bloodstream
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00522-00115408-00115599 perinatal infection is also highly
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00523-00115600-00115839 efficient sexual intercourse is not so
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00524-00115840-00116134 efficient as you can see 0.1 to 1
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00525-00116135-00116351 that means in any given time it's about
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00526-00116352-00116719 a 100 to 1000 chance with an infected
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00527-00116720-00116831 partner
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00528-00116832-00117047 of course it depends on the partner
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00529-00117048-00117271 long ago studies for example by frank
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00530-00117272-00117375 plummer
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00531-00117376-00117607 in canada demonstrated that you're more
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00532-00117608-00117807 infectious if you have venereal disease
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00533-00117808-00117983 of another kind for example a man who
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00534-00117983-00118247 has gonorrhea has more white blood cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00535-00118248-00118486 plus cells than his semen which are
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00536-00118488-00118743 which can be loaded with hiv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00537-00118744-00118999 he would be more able to transmit virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00538-00119000-00119183 sexually than a person who doesn't have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00539-00119183-00119447 gonorrhea and a woman with venereal
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00540-00119448-00119639 ulcerative disease has much greater
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00541-00119640-00119934 chance of transmitting virus to a male
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00542-00119935-00120223 sexual partner
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00543-00120224-00120463 i'd like to now move away
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00544-00120464-00120775 from this discussion of the epidemic as
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00545-00120776-00120863 such
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00546-00120864-00120990 and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00547-00120991-00121183 well actually before i go further i want
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00548-00121183-00121502 to say one thing about the blood test
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00549-00121503-00121710 you hear a lot about the blood test rich
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00550-00121711-00121895 mentioned it in his introduction
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00551-00121896-00122047 i want to mention to you what the blood
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00552-00122048-00122334 test does and what it exactly is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00553-00122335-00122590 we can't isolate the virus from every
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00554-00122591-00122734 person that's infected that would be
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00555-00122735-00122983 logistically economically technically
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00556-00122983-00123175 not feasible
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00557-00123176-00123358 antibodies present in the serum of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00558-00123359-00123519 people can be detected with great
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00559-00123520-00123710 sensitivity and accuracy and with a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00560-00123711-00123958 retrovirus the finding of an antibody
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00561-00123959-00124190 doesn't mean you're protected
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00562-00124191-00124358 rather we knew from the start from
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00563-00124359-00124607 experience in animal retrovirology that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00564-00124608-00124863 the presence of antibodies in serum is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00565-00124864-00125086 an indication of active replication of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00566-00125088-00125271 the virus the presence and maintenance
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00567-00125272-00125486 of the infectious virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00568-00125488-00125710 so that's how we test for the virus by
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00569-00125711-00125999 testing for antibodies as telltale signs
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00570-00126000-00126143 of infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00571-00126144-00126334 the development of the blood test did
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00572-00126335-00126519 three things at once
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00573-00126520-00126783 it allowed the blood supply in the world
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00574-00126783-00126902 i shouldn't say the world or a lot of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00575-00126903-00127054 places it's still not done but in the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00576-00127055-00127351 industrialized world to become safe
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00577-00127352-00127534 so it saved lives
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00578-00127535-00127695 secondly it allowed the epidemic to be
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00579-00127696-00127799 followed
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00580-00127800-00128039 immediately carefully for the first time
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00581-00128040-00128190 changing the nature of research and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00582-00128191-00128399 thirdly it was the most important
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00583-00128400-00128590 parameter in demonstrating a causative
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00584-00128591-00128814 link of hiv days
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00585-00128815-00128958 during that period
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00586-00128959-00129175 we tried to correlate the binding of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00587-00129176-00129431 antibody with the ability to detect and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00588-00129432-00129678 or isolate virus we carried that out for
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00589-00129679-00129766 a while
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00590-00129767-00129999 finished it and now one can stay in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00591-00130000-00130199 terms of monitoring the epidemic with a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00592-00130200-00130399 highly accurate predictable blood test
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00593-00130400-00130631 for infection and for the development of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00594-00130632-00130743 aids
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00595-00130744-00131014 dr bernazzerath in his superb talk this
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00596-00131015-00131295 morning mentioned that in some respects
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00597-00131296-00131583 we were lucky when the epidemic appeared
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00598-00131584-00131759 i agree with that obviously for a lot of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00599-00131760-00131895 reasons we're unlucky but from the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00600-00131896-00132047 scientific point of view we were
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00601-00132048-00132190 extremely lucky
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00602-00132191-00132311 because of the developments in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00603-00132312-00132583 immunology between the 50s and mid 70s
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00604-00132584-00132751 we could understand what lymphocytes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00605-00132752-00132966 were to a significant degree
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00606-00132967-00133143 and as he said from work in his own
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00607-00133144-00133254 institute
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00608-00133255-00133414 we knew the difference between some
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00609-00133415-00133711 types of t cells and other types without
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00610-00133712-00133823 knowing that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00611-00133824-00133999 we clinicians wouldn't have been able to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00612-00134000-00134119 tell us
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00613-00134120-00134399 that this is probably a primary disease
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00614-00134400-00134647 of a t cell that is called the cd4
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00615-00134648-00134895 positive helper lymphocyte
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00616-00134896-00135087 and also without developments in the mid
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00617-00135088-00135247 1970s
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00618-00135248-00135431 where we learned how to grow t cells we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00619-00135432-00135647 couldn't have isolated the virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00620-00135648-00135847 these and many other contributions from
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00621-00135848-00136047 cell biology and immunology were
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00622-00136048-00136287 principally responsible for rapid
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00623-00136288-00136519 progress in those early years
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00624-00136520-00136719 there's another scientific series of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00625-00136720-00136959 advances that was also important
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00626-00136960-00137127 and those were the advances made in the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00627-00137128-00137327 study of animal retroviruses that began
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00628-00137328-00137559 around 1910
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00629-00137560-00137854 and culminated sometime in the 1970s and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00630-00137855-00138063 when we were about to quit
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00631-00138064-00138231 looking for them in humans
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00632-00138232-00138447 we found the first one in humans that we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00633-00138448-00138735 called human t cell leukemia virus one
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00634-00138736-00138966 and two years later a second one
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00635-00138967-00139183 and the experience with those human
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00636-00139184-00139351 leukemia viruses which are also
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00637-00139352-00139614 retroviruses was extremely useful for to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00638-00139615-00139695 us
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00639-00139696-00139919 in this early period of time
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00640-00139920-00140135 i told you earlier that i was going to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00641-00140136-00140399 make a small digression about aids and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00642-00140400-00140623 talk to you as a background about these
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00643-00140624-00140911 leukemia viruses this slide lists all
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00644-00140912-00141111 the known human retroviruses that cause
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00645-00141112-00141278 disease today
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00646-00141279-00141487 they are the hdlvs that belong to a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00647-00141488-00141702 subclass of retroviruses that are called
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00648-00141703-00141951 onco for cancer they're also known as
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00649-00141952-00142111 type c
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00650-00142112-00142311 the retrovirus of aids is called the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00651-00142312-00142487 lengthy retrovirus it's kind of a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00652-00142488-00142743 misnomer lengthy means slow in latin i
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00653-00142744-00142847 guess
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00654-00142848-00143126 and these are not as slow as the hdlvs
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00655-00143127-00143326 which take longer usually to produce
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00656-00143327-00143463 disease
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00657-00143464-00143678 so a few things about htlvs that will be
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00658-00143679-00143775 useful
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00659-00143776-00143959 for it when i come back to the aids
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00660-00143960-00144111 virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00661-00144112-00144239 this is a picture of the human
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00662-00144240-00144447 retroviruses and here are the leukemia
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00663-00144448-00144766 viruses at the top hdlv1 and hdlv2 and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00664-00144767-00145031 here are the aids viruses at the bottom
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00665-00145032-00145214 when you're lucky when you have a lot of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00666-00145215-00145390 virus when you have a cell line with
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00667-00145391-00145551 virus production you can distinguish
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00668-00145552-00145726 them morphologically because the center
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00669-00145727-00145887 what we call the core
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00670-00145888-00146087 is more compact and cylindrical in the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00671-00146088-00146295 case of the aids retroviruses in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00672-00146296-00146583 comparison to the leukemia viruses
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00673-00146584-00146814 now retroviruses have a name retro for a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00674-00146815-00146966 reason of course
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00675-00146967-00147119 their viruses
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00676-00147120-00147287 also from the latin which simply means
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00677-00147288-00147439 poison things you couldn't see that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00678-00147440-00147614 produce disease we can now see them by
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00679-00147615-00147839 electron microscopy
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00680-00147840-00147990 virus of course is smaller than other
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00681-00147991-00148183 microbes but the key part of a virus is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00682-00148184-00148302 that it is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00683-00148303-00148607 an obligate cellular parasite it can't
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00684-00148608-00148863 live or metab it doesn't metabolize it's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00685-00148864-00149190 not like a bacterium or a fungus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00686-00149191-00149439 it has to live only within the cell it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00687-00149440-00149695 may survive somewhere like on a tabletop
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00688-00149696-00149943 for a while but it can't do anything
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00689-00149944-00150151 it usurps the host's own cellular
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00690-00150152-00150343 machinery to reproduce itself and this
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00691-00150344-00150447 is why
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00692-00150448-00150687 targeting of a virus requires far more
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00693-00150688-00150823 sophistication
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00694-00150824-00150975 than targeting a bacterium with
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00695-00150976-00151119 antibiotics
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00696-00151120-00151326 when you hit it you're often hitting
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00697-00151327-00151543 exact components of the cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00698-00151544-00151759 so there has to be more subtlety in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00699-00151760-00152007 antiviral agents or in modulation of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00700-00152008-00152263 immune system to fight a vice after
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00701-00152264-00152454 infection has occurred
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00702-00152455-00152654 a retrovirus is special and has the name
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00703-00152655-00152759 retro
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00704-00152760-00152959 because it reverses the usual flow of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00705-00152960-00153159 genetic information as i'm sure most or
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00706-00153160-00153271 all of you know
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00707-00153272-00153454 its genetic information is rna but
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00708-00153455-00153711 that's not unique polio influenza and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00709-00153712-00153919 other viruses or rna virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00710-00153920-00154190 but what it infects the cell the rna is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00711-00154191-00154351 let us say for the purpose of this talk
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00712-00154352-00154590 converted into a dna form
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00713-00154591-00154839 and that dna form integrates into the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00714-00154840-00155111 target cell chromosomal dna
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00715-00155112-00155383 which is relatively unique for this
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00716-00155384-00155631 category of viruses
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00717-00155632-00155799 you can picture this by thinking of a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00718-00155800-00156023 thread and cutting out the center and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00719-00156024-00156190 inserting a different color into the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00720-00156191-00156295 thread
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00721-00156296-00156543 they insert their genetic information
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00722-00156544-00156759 after the dna is opened
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00723-00156760-00157007 and in that form the virus can be silent
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00724-00157008-00157231 in a targeted infected cell you may
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00725-00157232-00157390 never see it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00726-00157391-00157535 you would see no evidence of viral
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00727-00157536-00157678 proteins you would see no virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00728-00157679-00157895 particles it could be silent
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00729-00157896-00158023 but the infection of that cell is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00730-00158024-00158239 forever and when the cell divides the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00731-00158240-00158390 daughter cells will carry the viral
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00732-00158391-00158478 genes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00733-00158479-00158639 because they duplicate with the rest of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00734-00158640-00158863 the chromosomal dna and are transmitted
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00735-00158864-00159078 to the progeny cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00736-00159079-00159231 infection of the cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00737-00159232-00159454 infected infection of the individual
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00738-00159455-00159654 then becomes lifelong
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00739-00159655-00159790 that is the key definition of a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00740-00159791-00160039 retrovirus an rna virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00741-00160040-00160278 that makes dna when it infects the cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00742-00160279-00160543 that the dna becomes stably integrated
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00743-00160544-00160919 into the chromosomes of the target cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00744-00160920-00161207 let us now as i been hinting to go to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00745-00161208-00161511 the leukemia viruses htlv1 and hdlv2
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00746-00161512-00161671 this is why it's called a dendogram it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00747-00161672-00161951 just looks at the relative relationships
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00748-00161952-00162111 of a large number of isolates of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00749-00162112-00162447 leukemia viruses hdlv1 excuse me one
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00750-00162448-00162654 in different regions of the world
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00751-00162655-00162839 when i show you this to point only to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00752-00162840-00162943 the middle
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00753-00162944-00163190 the chimpanzee leukemia virus is as
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00754-00163191-00163343 close to some
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00755-00163344-00163575 of the htlvs of man as they are to each
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00756-00163576-00163838 other mimicking the story i told you
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00757-00163839-00164023 about the monkey virus relation to the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00758-00164024-00164159 aids virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00759-00164160-00164407 in other words monkeys are widely
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00760-00164408-00164631 infected with a leukemia virus that we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00761-00164632-00164959 call simian stlv1
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00762-00164960-00165159 but these are ancient infections of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00763-00165160-00165326 human beings
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00764-00165327-00165535 isolated melanesian tribes with no
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00765-00165536-00165775 history of contact to the west
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00766-00165776-00165943 whereas for as long as we note anybody
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00767-00165944-00166151 else according to my colleague at nih
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00768-00166152-00166383 carlton geiderscheck have a significant
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00769-00166384-00166631 degree of infection with hdl v1 we have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00770-00166632-00166838 no idea what disease it causes in such
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00771-00166839-00167063 people that may be harboring these
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00772-00167064-00167447 viruses for long long periods of time
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00773-00167448-00167671 at the bottom far removed from hclv1
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00774-00167672-00167959 most hdlv1s is hdl v2 currently we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00775-00167960-00168175 believe htlv2
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00776-00168176-00168366 is predominantly an infection of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00777-00168367-00168551 american indians
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00778-00168552-00168887 hdlv2 disease relationship is more
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00779-00168888-00169078 problematic than hdl b1 and we won't
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00780-00169079-00169278 talk about it further
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00781-00169279-00169526 when we depict the genes of a virus we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00782-00169527-00169743 do it this way it's relatively simple
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00783-00169744-00170031 retroviruses don't have so many genes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00784-00170032-00170183 so this is the entire genetic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00785-00170184-00170359 information that if it becomes active is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00786-00170360-00170575 going to form the human leukemia virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00787-00170576-00170751 hclv1
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00788-00170752-00170943 animal retroviruses were known only to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00789-00170944-00171166 have three genes gag
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00790-00171167-00171359 pole m
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00791-00171360-00171575 those genes make proteins that form the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00792-00171576-00171807 structure of the virus and a few special
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00793-00171808-00172119 enzymes that we won't talk about today
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00794-00172120-00172343 all retroviruses also have these regions
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00795-00172344-00172583 on the end called ltr
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00796-00172584-00172726 the light doesn't work well but i think
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00797-00172727-00172983 you can see ltr in each n
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00798-00172984-00173143 those are not genes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00799-00173144-00173319 they're regulatory elements that govern
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00800-00173320-00173463 the expression
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00801-00173464-00173719 of the genes of the virus they also form
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00802-00173720-00173911 the sites of integration
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00803-00173912-00174135 into the host cell dna in other words to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00804-00174136-00174366 the left of that ltr on your left would
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00805-00174367-00174535 be cellular dna
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00806-00174536-00174895 link covalently bonded to the ltr
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00807-00174896-00175087 with the discovery of human retroviruses
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00808-00175088-00175238 we learned about new genes that are
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00809-00175239-00175423 shown on your right
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00810-00175424-00175702 with htlv 1 and 2 we call them rex and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00811-00175703-00175807 tax
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00812-00175808-00175983 we now know it's even more complicated
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00813-00175984-00176119 but this is not yet published and i
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00814-00176120-00176263 won't get into it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00815-00176264-00176431 these extra genes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00816-00176432-00176719 on your right rex and packs we now know
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00817-00176720-00176887 are critical for the replication of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00818-00176888-00177023 these viruses
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00819-00177024-00177207 when they were discovered this was
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00820-00177208-00177399 unique but as you will
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00821-00177400-00177535 soon hear from me
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00822-00177536-00177726 we have almost exactly the same
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00823-00177727-00178014 parallels with hiv only hiv is still
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00824-00178015-00178238 more complicated and contains still more
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00825-00178239-00178519 genes whose functions we don't know
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00826-00178520-00178743 one thing i've learned from virology
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00827-00178744-00178902 is that a virus doesn't waste one
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00828-00178903-00179183 nucleotide let alone one gene so every
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00829-00179184-00179311 one of those genes are going to be doing
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00830-00179312-00179590 something to favor the viruses survival
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00831-00179591-00179838 its evolution its ability to replicate
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00832-00179839-00180031 its ability to fool the immune system or
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00833-00180032-00180223 whatever and we're only scratching at
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00834-00180224-00180559 the surface of these other genes in hiv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00835-00180560-00180766 let us now turn to what we would call
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00836-00180767-00181023 the life cycle or better the replication
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00837-00181024-00181287 cycle of these leukemia viruses and what
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00838-00181288-00181519 i say for them will be more or less true
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00839-00181520-00181695 for hiv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00840-00181696-00181911 this slide shows a cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00841-00181912-00182126 on the left and a cell on the right
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00842-00182127-00182287 shown at the bottom circular is the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00843-00182288-00182407 nucleus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00844-00182408-00182599 on the top of the left you see the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00845-00182600-00182847 leukemia virus coming to the cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00846-00182848-00183038 where the outer knob like structures we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00847-00183039-00183302 call the envelope will bind to a surface
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00848-00183303-00183543 molecule of the target cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00849-00183544-00183831 the surface molecule for these cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00850-00183832-00184111 for hdl v1 that binds it is unknown
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00851-00184112-00184271 for the aids virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00852-00184272-00184535 it is a molecule we call cd4
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00853-00184536-00184726 and that's the first step of infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00854-00184727-00184926 by the age retrovirus an interaction
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00855-00184927-00185143 between the envelope of the virus and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00856-00185144-00185390 the cd4 molecule of the target cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00857-00185391-00185559 for the leukemia viruses as i said we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00858-00185560-00185847 don't know yet what that molecule is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00859-00185848-00186087 following that step there's a fusion
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00860-00186088-00186302 of some lipid material of the virus and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00861-00186303-00186566 the cell lipid bilayer and then the guts
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00862-00186567-00186807 of the virus the core is emptied into
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00863-00186808-00186999 the cytoplasm of the cell and the rna
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00864-00187000-00187126 shown in yellow
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00865-00187127-00187375 is converted to dna shown in red and the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00866-00187376-00187583 dna gets to the nucleus where it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00867-00187584-00187766 integrates
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00868-00187767-00187943 that's the first half
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00869-00187944-00188135 now that cell may sit there silently and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00870-00188136-00188343 you may never see the virus again
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00871-00188344-00188526 if those genes become active move your
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00872-00188527-00188678 eyes to the right
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00873-00188679-00188854 and the viral dna
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00874-00188855-00189047 is now being trent what we call
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00875-00189048-00189278 transcribed by cellular machinery listed
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00876-00189279-00189423 on the slide something called rna
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00877-00189424-00189654 polymerase and you remake viral rna
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00878-00189655-00189878 shown in yellow which will come out and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00879-00189879-00190071 act as a messenger rna to make viral
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00880-00190072-00190214 proteins
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00881-00190215-00190463 some of the rna won't be modified or
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00882-00190464-00190719 processed we call it genomic rna shown
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00883-00190720-00190878 to your far right in yellow in the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00884-00190879-00191014 cytoplasm
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00885-00191015-00191223 that genomic rna gets packaged at the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00886-00191224-00191511 cell membrane with viral proteins
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00887-00191512-00191726 and eventually the virus will form by
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00888-00191727-00191871 budding and pinching off the cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00889-00191872-00192175 membrane to complete the cycle
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00890-00192176-00192359 now what i haven't mentioned is that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00891-00192360-00192671 those extra genes called tax tax and rex
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00892-00192672-00192926 rex that i showed you on the genome
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00893-00192927-00193031 slide
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00894-00193032-00193238 are involved in the nucleus and they're
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00895-00193239-00193502 involved in subtle ways of regulating
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00896-00193503-00193831 the expression of the viral rna
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00897-00193832-00194102 the tax gene makes a protein
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00898-00194103-00194238 that allows
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00899-00194239-00194495 the rest of the viral genes to be made
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00900-00194496-00194702 the rex gene makes a protein that allows
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00901-00194703-00194878 the proper transport of some of those
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00902-00194879-00195102 rna molecules across the nucleus into
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00903-00195103-00195302 the cytoplasm
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00904-00195303-00195407 however
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00905-00195408-00195559 in recent years
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00906-00195560-00195711 we have also learned
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00907-00195712-00195999 that the tax protein of this virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00908-00196000-00196295 also activates cellular genes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00909-00196296-00196478 among them are cellular genes that lead
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00910-00196479-00196726 to abnormal t cell growth
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00911-00196727-00196975 so this viral protein that is necessary
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00912-00196976-00197214 for the proper activation of the dna
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00913-00197215-00197454 form of the integrated form of the virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00914-00197455-00197766 to remake viral rna this tax protein
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00915-00197767-00198071 also turns on normal cellular genes a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00916-00198072-00198207 series of them
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00917-00198208-00198454 in so doing so in doing so
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00918-00198455-00198735 it leads to abnormal t cell growth
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00919-00198736-00198959 in most infected people at some stage of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00920-00198960-00199087 their infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00921-00199088-00199238 and over the course of years some
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00922-00199239-00199607 unlucky people probably due to hyper
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00923-00199608-00199847 t cell proliferation will develop
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00924-00199848-00200054 subsequent genetic changes that lead to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00925-00200055-00200263 t cell leukemia
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00926-00200264-00200535 this same virus can cause a disease that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00927-00200536-00200750 mimics multiple sclerosis
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00928-00200751-00200975 in addition to leukemia it causes a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00929-00200976-00201175 neurologic disease particularly of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00930-00201176-00201399 spinal cord and here the mechanism is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00931-00201400-00201631 not known but the hints are that it is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00932-00201632-00201838 probably some form of an autoimmune
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00933-00201839-00202047 phenomenon or a number of observations i
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00934-00202048-00202287 could not go into that argue in that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00935-00202288-00202399 direction
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00936-00202400-00202671 neurologic disease from autoimmunity
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00937-00202672-00202935 leukemia from direct infection and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00938-00202936-00203223 promoting abnormal cell growth in the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00939-00203224-00203495 case of leukemia the viral genes will be
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00940-00203496-00203895 found in every cell of the tumor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00941-00203896-00204063 let me summarize and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00942-00204064-00204319 get away from htlv-1 with this slide
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00943-00204320-00204487 number one it's an ancient primate
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00944-00204488-00204743 infection it's endemic in a few percent
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00945-00204744-00204942 of populations and african people and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00946-00204944-00205127 their descendants
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00947-00205128-00205246 it's found
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00948-00205248-00205519 fairly widespread in southern japan
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00949-00205519-00205694 and especially also in some south
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00950-00205696-00205846 pacific people
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00951-00205848-00206014 and in native americans we see more of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00952-00206015-00206255 what we call hdl v2
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00953-00206256-00206438 thirdly it causes disease in a lower
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00954-00206439-00206655 incident not like aids
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00955-00206656-00206855 perhaps five perhaps 10 percent of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00956-00206856-00207086 infected people per lifetime will get a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00957-00207087-00207398 significant disease
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00958-00207400-00207566 diseases however can be serious like
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00959-00207567-00207727 leukemia
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00960-00207728-00207806 and the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00961-00207807-00207966 fifth point they may provide useful
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00962-00207967-00208055 models
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00963-00208056-00208279 for understanding leukemia in general
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00964-00208280-00208527 and some central nervous system disease
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00965-00208528-00208686 a blood test is now required in the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00966-00208687-00208838 united states and in japan for these
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00967-00208839-00208942 viruses
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00968-00208944-00209166 and lastly and perhaps not least we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00969-00209167-00209375 learned some technology from them that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00970-00209376-00209623 helped us with hiv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00971-00209623-00209815 now this is a cartoon of the aids virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00972-00209816-00209998 now at the top again i show you the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00973-00210000-00210271 genome of the virus this straight line
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00974-00210271-00210463 with different segments here again you
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00975-00210464-00210655 see the three genes in blue
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00976-00210656-00210879 that any animal retrovirus would have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00977-00210880-00211071 the genes that make the viral structural
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00978-00211071-00211375 proteins gag full and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00979-00211376-00211534 but as you can see in different cultures
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00980-00211535-00211782 and i'm blinded by the light but i i
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00981-00211783-00211894 don't know if it's red and yellow or
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00982-00211896-00212127 whatever but those that are not in blue
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00983-00212128-00212382 are the extra regulatory genes some of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00984-00212383-00212623 them parallel almost exactly what we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00985-00212623-00212871 know for the leukemia viruses others as
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00986-00212871-00213142 i said earlier we do not yet know enough
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00987-00213144-00213294 about their function
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00988-00213296-00213527 either in the replication cycle or in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00989-00213528-00213623 avoiding
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00990-00213623-00213887 the immune response to them
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00991-00213888-00214039 now let's look at the disease in the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00992-00214040-00214191 remaining part of my talk and in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00993-00214192-00214398 directions we're trying to to go to do
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00994-00214400-00214710 something about this virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00995-00214711-00214942 there are aids is called a syndrome
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00996-00214944-00215127 acquired immune deficiency syndrome for
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00997-00215128-00215375 a very good reason it's not one specific
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00998-00215376-00215534 disease entity
4E6ttuOJL9Y-00999-00215535-00215719 because of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01000-00215719-00215894 change in the immune system
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01001-00215896-00216055 there are a lot of different visible
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01002-00216056-00216239 manifestations and they can vary from
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01003-00216240-00216446 individual to individual and in early
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01004-00216448-00216679 years cause considerable confusion
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01005-00216680-00216839 i like to think of them divided into
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01006-00216840-00217039 four parts the first is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01007-00217040-00217303 the impairment of the immune system
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01008-00217304-00217510 with all the problems of opportunistic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01009-00217511-00217663 infection which means microbes they
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01010-00217664-00217815 wouldn't cause disease in a healthy
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01011-00217816-00218079 person certain ones can do so in people
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01012-00218080-00218215 with aids
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01013-00218216-00218391 infection of the brain
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01014-00218392-00218519 a point that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01015-00218519-00218734 for example many of us thinking about
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01016-00218735-00218951 gene therapy like dr blais will talk
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01017-00218952-00219127 tomorrow in our own laboratory partly in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01018-00219128-00219351 collaboration with him we have a problem
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01019-00219352-00219510 even if we could have wonderful gene
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01020-00219511-00219710 therapy for cells of the bone marrow
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01021-00219711-00219927 could we ever protect against infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01022-00219928-00220087 of the brain or reverse what happens in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01023-00220088-00220182 the brain
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01024-00220183-00220382 that's a complete separate pathogenesis
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01025-00220383-00220606 in my mind probably it's the infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01026-00220607-00220767 of the macrophage another target cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01027-00220767-00221006 for this virus because it too has cd4
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01028-00221007-00221246 molecules on its surface like the cd4
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01029-00221248-00221487 positive t cell and gets infected and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01030-00221488-00221646 the macrophage that currently gets to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01031-00221648-00221846 the brain and you can become the source
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01032-00221848-00222039 of cells there that appear to be the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01033-00222040-00222198 primary targets in the brain known as
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01034-00222200-00222382 the microglial cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01035-00222383-00222639 a third aspect is an increased incidence
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01036-00222640-00222855 of several types of cancers or abnormal
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01037-00222856-00223023 growths for example and not listed on
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01038-00223023-00223279 the slide there's a rising incidence
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01039-00223280-00223567 in cancers of the genital urinary area
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01040-00223567-00223951 from papilloma viruses combined with hiv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01041-00223952-00224134 there's a big increase in b-cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01042-00224135-00224246 lymphoma
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01043-00224248-00224423 and there's a major increase and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01044-00224423-00224687 especially in gay men of a strange tumor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01045-00224688-00224839 that involves blood vessels and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01046-00224840-00225087 therefore appears purple called kaposi's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01047-00225088-00225294 sarcoma a point i'll come to as an
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01048-00225296-00225479 example of some current research in just
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01049-00225480-00225815 a moment the last point i listed
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01050-00225816-00226006 is rather self-evident
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01051-00226007-00226167 and it says that of course people that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01052-00226167-00226358 are hiv infected have more than the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01053-00226359-00226567 usual amount of infection not just with
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01054-00226567-00226791 opportunistic agents but with real
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01055-00226792-00226958 pathogens that would cause disease in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01056-00226959-00227094 most people
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01057-00227096-00227391 because of risk factors and because of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01058-00227392-00227503 immune impairment things like
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01059-00227504-00227663 tuberculosis
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01060-00227664-00227894 and this is causing in part as one of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01061-00227896-00228063 the reasons for an increase in epidemic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01062-00228064-00228287 of tuberculosis in various parts of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01063-00228288-00228542 world things like the leukemia viruses i
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01064-00228544-00228671 just talked about
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01065-00228671-00228879 which are going up in this population
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01066-00228880-00229071 hepatitis viruses
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01067-00229071-00229246 some of the herpes viruses and many
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01068-00229248-00229527 other kinds as well
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01069-00229528-00229831 when a cell is infected this can happen
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01070-00229832-00230110 that's a t cell that's a normal human
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01071-00230111-00230351 cd4 positive t cell that was infected by
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01072-00230352-00230503 hiv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01073-00230504-00230679 if i showed you another slide which
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01074-00230680-00230839 unfortunately i don't have i didn't
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01075-00230840-00231039 bring with me you can have infection and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01076-00231040-00231287 see no visible change at all
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01077-00231288-00231455 but when infection occurs and that t
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01078-00231456-00231694 cell is activated by an immune stimulus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01079-00231696-00231879 it is programmed to die
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01080-00231880-00232142 we do not know the precise mechanism of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01081-00232144-00232406 killing of the t cell by the aids virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01082-00232407-00232631 but this is an easy observation to make
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01083-00232632-00232927 in the laboratory infect the cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01084-00232928-00233246 weight looks normal immune stimulate you
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01085-00233248-00233606 can that cell is programmed to die
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01086-00233607-00233806 we know a lot of reasons that we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01087-00233807-00233927 started to talk about it in the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01088-00233928-00234239 discussion after a felipe's talk about
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01089-00234240-00234606 why t cells decline after hiv infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01090-00234607-00234782 one is direct cell killing but there's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01091-00234783-00234927 good reason to suspect that there are
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01092-00234928-00235127 many indirect ways
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01093-00235128-00235342 for the t cells to decline harm to the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01094-00235344-00235527 thymus gland is one
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01095-00235528-00235758 the envelope of the aids virus is called
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01096-00235759-00236046 glycoprotein 120 gp 120 120 because
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01097-00236048-00236342 that's its molecular weight 120 000.
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01098-00236344-00236615 that envelope can be found free in the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01099-00236616-00236791 serum separate from the virus when
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01100-00236792-00236991 there's active virus replication and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01101-00236992-00237142 that goes to a question that came up
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01102-00237144-00237294 earlier a statement that there's long
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01103-00237296-00237510 period of latency there is clinically
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01104-00237511-00237679 but not with the virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01105-00237680-00237846 when you get infected throughout the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01106-00237848-00238006 time of infection you can always find
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01107-00238007-00238231 cells expressing virus the virus just
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01108-00238232-00238415 doesn't go into all cells and say i'm
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01109-00238416-00238551 going to hide for 10 years then come out
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01110-00238552-00238687 and cause disease that's not how it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01111-00238688-00238782 works
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01112-00238783-00238967 you just reach thresholds i believe of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01113-00238967-00239191 immune impairment when disease becomes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01114-00239192-00239423 manifest but all through this problem
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01115-00239423-00239591 there's virus replication there's no
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01116-00239592-00239687 doubt
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01117-00239688-00239855 that early in infection you have more
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01118-00239856-00240103 replication then the immune system seems
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01119-00240104-00240303 to handle it and bring it down a bit
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01120-00240304-00240582 and then variants of the virus come out
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01121-00240583-00240734 and those variants are escaping the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01122-00240735-00240958 immune system that's already responded
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01123-00240959-00241215 and by this time there's enough t cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01124-00241216-00241439 knocked off and enough impairment that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01125-00241440-00241639 there's even more replication
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01126-00241640-00241863 as disease becomes manifest it's easier
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01127-00241864-00242046 to isolate virus and so on and you have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01128-00242048-00242303 more rapidly replicating viruses
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01129-00242304-00242582 come out
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01130-00242583-00242823 gp 120 the envelope of the virus there
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01131-00242823-00243142 are at least at least four ways we could
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01132-00243144-00243319 talk about and perhaps even have a mini
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01133-00243319-00243575 symposium from laboratory experiments of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01134-00243576-00243863 how they may make a t cell number
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01135-00243864-00243975 decline
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01136-00243976-00244127 without the virus ever infecting the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01137-00244128-00244239 cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01138-00244240-00244406 in other words if you have a population
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01139-00244407-00244639 of human t cells in an hiv-infected
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01140-00244640-00244782 person only a small number of those
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01141-00244783-00244942 t-cells are infected
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01142-00244944-00245142 but the majority are impaired
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01143-00245144-00245303 in their ability to respond to an
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01144-00245304-00245406 antigen
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01145-00245407-00245558 and the majority are impaired in their
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01146-00245559-00245791 ability to produce the critical growth
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01147-00245792-00246087 factor for t cells called interleukin-2
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01148-00246088-00246294 and some of this it appears involves
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01149-00246296-00246646 complex interactions with free envelope
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01150-00246648-00246887 that's floating around
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01151-00246888-00247087 most recently my friend in paris daniel
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01152-00247088-00247271 zeguri and his colleagues have made a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01153-00247271-00247439 very exciting discovery
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01154-00247440-00247575 it's not yet published that they have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01155-00247576-00247734 found that there is a sequence of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01156-00247735-00247958 envelope of gp 120 the aids virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01157-00247959-00248119 envelope the outer code
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01158-00248119-00248342 it's identical to sequences
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01159-00248344-00248534 of the molecule that is its target on
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01160-00248535-00248823 the t cell the cd4 molecule
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01161-00248823-00248982 it turns out that that sequence of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01162-00248983-00249103 identity
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01163-00249104-00249423 is critical in laboratory experiments
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01164-00249423-00249606 for the ability of that t cell to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01165-00249607-00249791 respond properly to foreign antigens
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01166-00249792-00249982 which is a hallmark of the dysfunction
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01167-00249983-00250223 seen in hiv infected people i believe
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01168-00250223-00250391 that story is going to unfold in a very
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01169-00250392-00250510 important way
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01170-00250511-00250679 during this coming year
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01171-00250680-00250855 so we're learning from these laboratory
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01172-00250856-00251006 experiments and we're trying to see
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01173-00251007-00251198 what's the most important of these
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01174-00251200-00251630 experiments for the in vivo phenomenon
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01175-00251631-00251791 now this is one of the great ways the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01176-00251792-00251975 virus escapes from the immune system and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01177-00251976-00252198 this is viral variation
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01178-00252200-00252406 this as you know the aids virus when
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01179-00252407-00252646 it's isolated from any two people
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01180-00252648-00253167 is different it may vary 2 5 10 15 20.
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01181-00253167-00253342 what is often not appreciated is that in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01182-00253344-00253479 any one individual there are minor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01183-00253480-00253630 variants but the minor variants have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01184-00253631-00253879 profound biological significance
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01185-00253880-00254182 this slide is a cartoon that illustrates
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01186-00254183-00254430 one type of virus of the age virus in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01187-00254431-00254598 one individual and at
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01188-00254600-00254782 one particular period of time
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01189-00254783-00255039 let us say the color blue dominates you
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01190-00255040-00255206 develop an immune response here listed
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01191-00255207-00255439 as neutralizing antibody which is only
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01192-00255440-00255639 one type of immune response
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01193-00255640-00255806 that you make against the virus the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01194-00255807-00255991 other is the cellular arm that you heard
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01195-00255992-00256158 about this morning
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01196-00256159-00256358 that neutralizing antibody may take care
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01197-00256359-00256623 of what you see in blue but in time
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01198-00256623-00256855 uh red or purple whatever it is i can't
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01199-00256856-00257023 see it may emerge
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01200-00257023-00257230 the immune system is not able to deal
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01201-00257231-00257463 with that and that virus then takes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01202-00257464-00257623 holes in other words the immune system
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01203-00257623-00257887 is constantly running after its tail
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01204-00257888-00258055 there are multiple ways that we know
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01205-00258056-00258263 this slide is far from complete
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01206-00258264-00258479 about how hiv escapes from the immune
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01207-00258480-00258703 system the first is important
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01208-00258704-00258903 integration and latency at a cellular
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01209-00258904-00259110 level not at a total clinical level in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01210-00259111-00259310 other words at any one cell you may have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01211-00259311-00259551 integration and quiet no virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01212-00259552-00259710 expression immune system can't see it no
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01213-00259711-00259958 protein it's defined
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01214-00259959-00260151 another one is let's forget number two
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01215-00260152-00260263 the infection of the brain where the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01216-00260264-00260487 immune system can't do all of its work
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01217-00260488-00260663 the third point is the steady but
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01218-00260664-00260839 insidious destruction of the immune
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01219-00260840-00261110 system the fourth point is the variation
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01220-00261111-00261358 in the virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01221-00261359-00261534 now i'd like to conclude with a brief
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01222-00261535-00261782 discussion of the neoplases associated
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01223-00261783-00262006 with hiv infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01224-00262007-00262142 i'm going to mention only the p-cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01225-00262144-00262351 lymphoma and kaposi's sarcoma and the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01226-00262352-00262582 b-cell lymphoma i'll mention just
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01227-00262583-00262710 briefly
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01228-00262711-00262903 there is a tremendous
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01229-00262904-00263158 epidemic now in hiv-infected people of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01230-00263159-00263343 b-cell lymphoma i do not know the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01231-00263344-00263439 precise
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01232-00263440-00263671 statistics i've heard that it's as much
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01233-00263672-00263934 as about one in three infected people if
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01234-00263935-00264134 they live 10 years will get this
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01235-00264135-00264327 particular cancer
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01236-00264328-00264615 now it is interesting the virus hiv is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01237-00264616-00264719 not
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01238-00264720-00264934 a tumor virus it's not a transforming
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01239-00264935-00265175 retrovirus it's not like htlv-1 the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01240-00265176-00265367 leukemia virus when you look at the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01241-00265368-00265510 tumor you don't find the virus in the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01242-00265511-00265615 tumor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01243-00265616-00265951 the role of hiv must be indirect it's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01244-00265952-00266143 affecting a cell here but the tumor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01245-00266144-00266351 appears here
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01246-00266352-00266519 what clues we have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01247-00266520-00266679 are the following
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01248-00266680-00266895 infection by hiv with all of its
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01249-00266896-00267087 proteins chronically present over a long
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01250-00267088-00267230 period of time
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01251-00267231-00267503 are driving proliferation of t cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01252-00267504-00267734 polyactivation of b cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01253-00267735-00267910 some of this leads to an abnormal
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01254-00267911-00268095 increased level in the serum of certain
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01255-00268096-00268310 cytokines these small proteins you heard
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01256-00268311-00268630 dr bonazera and also dr marek refer to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01257-00268631-00268839 at some points in their talk
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01258-00268840-00269015 those cytokines are released by
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01259-00269016-00269263 activated cells of certain types and in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01260-00269264-00269479 particular cells of the immune system
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01261-00269480-00269687 and their function is to carry
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01262-00269688-00269934 intercellular messages one cell telling
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01263-00269935-00270095 another cell grow stop growing
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01264-00270096-00270255 differentiate do this do that it's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01265-00270256-00270503 usually in response to an inflammation
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01266-00270504-00270695 or wound healing or in an immune
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01267-00270696-00270943 response to a foreign antigen
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01268-00270944-00271158 in hiv infection we have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01269-00271159-00271327 quite an increase in the presence of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01270-00271328-00271503 certain cytokines
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01271-00271504-00271719 some of those cytokines may be
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01272-00271720-00272039 pushing growth proliferation of t cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01273-00272040-00272175 and then you have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01274-00272176-00272463 the chance of an abnormal chromosome
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01275-00272464-00272687 rearrangement that is known to occur
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01276-00272688-00272910 before these lymphomas take place
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01277-00272911-00273110 just an accident because of over
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01278-00273111-00273391 proliferation chance
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01279-00273392-00273567 and i'd like to turn
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01280-00273568-00273751 to a little more discussion
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01281-00273752-00273975 of this strange tumor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01282-00273976-00274167 capacity sarcoma
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01283-00274168-00274399 capacity sarcoma has existed for a long
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01284-00274400-00274679 time long before the hiv epidemic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01285-00274680-00275039 capacity sarcoma can occur without hiv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01286-00275040-00275263 again the tumor that we study
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01287-00275264-00275519 does not have hiv in the tumor cells hiv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01288-00275520-00275727 is not making that a tumor directly once
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01289-00275728-00275975 again if hiv plays a role it's indirect
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01290-00275976-00276239 hiv is here the tumor is here
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01291-00276240-00276495 capacity sarcoma appears to be increased
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01292-00276496-00276782 in any population of hiv infected people
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01293-00276783-00277006 but what's interesting is more much more
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01294-00277007-00277167 in gay men
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01295-00277168-00277255 why
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01296-00277256-00277447 how does hiv do this these are the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01297-00277448-00277639 interesting questions another
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01298-00277640-00277815 interesting question around for a long
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01299-00277816-00278079 time is captcha's sarcoma really a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01300-00278080-00278191 cancer
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01301-00278192-00278375 when you see lesions like on the surface
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01302-00278376-00278543 of this man's back
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01303-00278544-00278823 lesion in one spot lesion in another did
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01304-00278824-00278975 one feed the other
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01305-00278976-00279247 or do each of these arise de novo
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01306-00279248-00279503 is it real cancer with metastasis or is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01307-00279504-00279663 the internal milieu of the individual
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01308-00279664-00279895 abnormal and at certain sites we have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01309-00279896-00280030 abnormal growth
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01310-00280031-00280247 of these blood vessels and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01311-00280248-00280455 other cells infiltrating as we see in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01312-00280456-00280623 this tumor that's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01313-00280624-00280847 a very interesting question kappac can
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01314-00280848-00281023 go on to become much worse as shown in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01315-00281024-00281119 this man
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01316-00281120-00281279 and can produce obstruction of the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01317-00281280-00281551 lymphatic system and can release its
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01318-00281552-00281758 cells can release cytokines that make
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01319-00281759-00282047 vascular capillaries more permeable so
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01320-00282048-00282310 you can get tremendous edema leading to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01321-00282311-00282527 a lot of suffering by people who have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01322-00282528-00282791 this tumor as shown in this man's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01323-00282792-00282967 face
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01324-00282968-00283071 now
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01325-00283072-00283303 because of the increase in gay men
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01326-00283304-00283463 many people thought there might be still
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01327-00283464-00283639 another mic probe yet to be discovered
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01328-00283640-00283839 in capacity
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01329-00283840-00284015 about five years ago we set out to try
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01330-00284016-00284158 to find if we could
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01331-00284159-00284382 confirm that or reject it we have never
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01332-00284383-00284558 found evidence for any other for any
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01333-00284559-00284679 microbe
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01334-00284680-00284871 associated specifically with capacity
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01335-00284872-00285030 sarcoma
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01336-00285031-00285215 but what we learned
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01337-00285216-00285367 was the following
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01338-00285368-00285510 we developed some techniques for
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01339-00285511-00285734 culturing i think for the first time
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01340-00285735-00285910 what we believe are the capacity sarcoma
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01341-00285911-00286079 real tumor cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01342-00286080-00286310 those cells are spindle shaped
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01343-00286311-00286487 when you look at a tumor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01344-00286488-00286639 and most people believe most
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01345-00286640-00286903 pathologists believe that they come from
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01346-00286904-00287182 some cell of the walls of blood vessels
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01347-00287183-00287358 the inner lining is called endothelium
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01348-00287359-00287471 of course
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01349-00287472-00287695 and it's some endothelial cell or maybe
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01350-00287696-00287887 a progenitor endothelium
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01351-00287888-00288071 that becomes capacity sarcoma when you
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01352-00288072-00288303 look at capacity sarcoma histologically
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01353-00288304-00288487 to a primitive pathologist that's me i
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01354-00288488-00288567 don't
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01355-00288568-00288799 look at slides very often to me it looks
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01356-00288800-00289039 like wound healing wound healing that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01357-00289040-00289206 doesn't know how to stop lots of blood
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01358-00289207-00289391 vessels lots of infiltrating cells lots
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01359-00289392-00289679 of edema it's as if you scrape your hand
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01360-00289680-00289879 and you take a piece of that study it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01361-00289880-00290054 under the microscope but it doesn't know
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01362-00290055-00290230 how to stop
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01363-00290231-00290423 when we cultured cells which are shown
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01364-00290424-00290630 in the next slide we isolated these
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01365-00290631-00290903 populations that appear spindle-like
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01366-00290904-00291127 to make a long story short this is back
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01367-00291128-00291343 to 1988 to 90.
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01368-00291344-00291527 we found that those cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01369-00291528-00291719 are producing factors that make blood
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01370-00291720-00291934 vessels grow in other words the dominant
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01371-00291935-00292119 spindle cell of a capacity tumor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01372-00292120-00292230 produces
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01373-00292231-00292543 cytokines that make blood vessels grow
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01374-00292544-00292806 we put these cells into a nude mouse a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01375-00292807-00292982 mouse that doesn't have thymus gland
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01376-00292983-00293119 function
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01377-00293120-00293358 and what we expected was that the human
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01378-00293359-00293454 tumor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01379-00293455-00293663 cells would grow in the mouse what we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01380-00293664-00293871 found is that those cells are not human
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01381-00293872-00293999 but mouse
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01382-00294000-00294175 when we evaluated them histologically
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01383-00294176-00294399 they look like early catheters sarcoma
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01384-00294400-00294599 those circular things with red little
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01385-00294600-00294791 balls in them are newly formed blood
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01386-00294792-00294927 vessels
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01387-00294928-00295175 so the mouse develops a reactive
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01388-00295176-00295382 phenomena to the cells we inoculated and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01389-00295383-00295647 develops a mouse ks like lesion
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01390-00295648-00295806 but it only survives as long as the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01391-00295807-00296063 human cells in the mouse survive
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01392-00296064-00296279 the human capacity sarcomas don't behave
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01393-00296280-00296503 like a real malignancy a real malignancy
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01394-00296504-00296734 will usually grow as a human tumor in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01395-00296735-00296927 the mouse
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01396-00296928-00297119 so instead of using the cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01397-00297120-00297263 we use the fluid
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01398-00297264-00297510 that the the cells are bathed in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01399-00297511-00297703 do the cells secrete something that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01400-00297704-00297919 makes the tumor and the answer is yes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01401-00297920-00298175 it's not a virus it's cytokines so when
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01402-00298176-00298375 we put the fluid into the mouse
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01403-00298376-00298551 you develop a tumor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01404-00298552-00298719 now what are these cytokines what are
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01405-00298720-00298871 these molecules that these cells are
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01406-00298872-00299023 making
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01407-00299024-00299175 this is a bad slide for a general
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01408-00299176-00299343 audience don't bother looking at it it's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01409-00299344-00299503 just my reminder
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01410-00299504-00299687 the things that are listed there are
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01411-00299688-00299934 what we call cytokines and plus and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01412-00299935-00300206 minus means that these endothelial like
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01413-00300207-00300375 spindle cells from patients with
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01414-00300376-00300615 capacity sarcoma are making large
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01415-00300616-00300863 amounts of certain cytokines among them
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01416-00300864-00301030 i want to tell you that we believe the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01417-00301031-00301358 most important is the one at the top p
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01418-00301359-00301471 fgf
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01419-00301472-00301758 fgf is fibroblast growth factor b just
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01420-00301759-00301895 means basin
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01421-00301896-00302047 that molecule
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01422-00302048-00302215 is one of the most potent
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01423-00302216-00302495 molecules for making blood vessels form
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01424-00302496-00302710 that scientists know about
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01425-00302711-00302887 for many reasons we think it's critical
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01426-00302888-00303110 to the sustained growth of these cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01427-00303111-00303399 and for making of the blood vessels
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01428-00303400-00303567 let me kind of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01429-00303568-00303751 reach the last point on capacities that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01430-00303752-00303975 i want to deal with and that is why does
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01431-00303976-00304191 hiv lead to such a big increase our
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01432-00304192-00304375 hints are twofold
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01433-00304376-00304495 number one
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01434-00304496-00304727 i told you earlier that infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01435-00304728-00304999 of the immune system by hiv somehow
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01436-00305000-00305127 leads to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01437-00305128-00305271 an increased
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01438-00305272-00305463 making and release
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01439-00305464-00305710 of certain cytokines not
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01440-00305711-00305975 fgf not the bfgf i just mentioned
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01441-00305976-00306182 but things with other names of other
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01442-00306183-00306439 cytokines those cytokines have the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01443-00306440-00306743 effect of activating endothelial cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01444-00306744-00307095 and also making them proliferate
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01445-00307096-00307239 once those cells are activated and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01446-00307240-00307375 proliferating they're making their own
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01447-00307376-00307623 cytokines like the dfgf i just told you
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01448-00307624-00307799 that are even more efficient
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01449-00307800-00308103 drivers of their own proliferation
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01450-00308104-00308454 and of forming new blood vessels
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01451-00308455-00308734 hiv has something else special
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01452-00308735-00308951 we found some years ago and we as
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01453-00308952-00309223 principally postdoctoral in my lab now
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01454-00309224-00309358 becoming a senior scientist barbara
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01455-00309359-00309463 ensley
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01456-00309464-00309743 that one of the hiv special regulatory
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01457-00309744-00309991 genes called tat tat
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01458-00309992-00310199 in some respects the analog of what i
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01459-00310200-00310343 told you about in the leukemia virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01460-00310344-00310503 called tax
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01461-00310504-00310671 tat was known
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01462-00310672-00310887 to be an extra gene in hiv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01463-00310888-00311254 necessary to its replication
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01464-00311255-00311487 but what we have found is that cat
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01465-00311488-00311654 can be excreted
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01466-00311655-00311751 by
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01467-00311752-00311958 hiv infected cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01468-00311959-00312191 in the early phase of infection and when
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01469-00312192-00312319 it's excreted
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01470-00312320-00312575 it's taken up by these spindle cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01471-00312576-00312775 as probably poorly shown in this slide
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01472-00312776-00312895 because i can't see it at all i don't
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01473-00312896-00313015 know if you can
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01474-00313016-00313215 but those spindle cells can take in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01475-00313216-00313434 extracellular tap that is secreted by an
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01476-00313435-00313663 hiv-infected cell and the point of all
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01477-00313664-00313854 this is that that is a growth factor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01478-00313855-00313967 also
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01479-00313968-00314158 for these spindle cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01480-00314159-00314358 so we think we've learned two ways that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01481-00314359-00314679 hiv may promote capacity sarcoma and in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01482-00314680-00314863 both of them it's not immune deficiency
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01483-00314864-00315134 it's immune stimulation and in my view
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01484-00315135-00315351 aids is a misnomer it's all yes it's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01485-00315352-00315606 acquired yes it's a syndrome
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01486-00315607-00315743 but it's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01487-00315744-00315975 it's immune but it's not just deficiency
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01488-00315976-00316327 it's also abnormal stimulation abnormal
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01489-00316328-00316671 making and release of cytokines that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01490-00316672-00316982 do stimulation not deficiency to me
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01491-00316983-00317223 capacity sarcoma is a rising
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01492-00317224-00317510 much greater incidence with hiv
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01493-00317511-00317695 because of this
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01494-00317696-00317910 provoked immune stimulation the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01495-00317911-00318158 cytokines instead of process
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01496-00318159-00318454 that becomes somewhat relentless
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01497-00318455-00318639 a final slide on tat
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01498-00318640-00318815 is not yet published but we can show
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01499-00318816-00319039 that this molecule will make normal
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01500-00319040-00319310 endothelium form tubules like blood
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01501-00319311-00319591 vessels this and a large number of other
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01502-00319592-00319799 studies with this molecule not yet
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01503-00319800-00320054 published indicate to us that tact
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01504-00320055-00320334 is mimicking
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01505-00320335-00320606 in many many respects a normal
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01506-00320607-00320910 blood vessel forming factor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01507-00320911-00321158 in other words mimic something like
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01508-00321159-00321367 the basic fibroblast growth factor it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01509-00321368-00321534 makes the normal endothelium line up
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01510-00321535-00321695 like a tubule it makes the cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01511-00321696-00321895 activated it makes it grow it does other
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01512-00321896-00322054 things that i don't have time
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01513-00322055-00322295 to tell you about now
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01514-00322296-00322503 let me summarize with this two schematic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01515-00322504-00322639 slides
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01516-00322640-00322775 i've told you
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01517-00322776-00323047 shown at the top that a retrovirus can
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01518-00323048-00323303 be involved in the formation of a cancer
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01519-00323304-00323543 by a direct transforming effect
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01520-00323544-00323815 htlv1 for example can infect its target
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01521-00323816-00324039 cell shown on the top as cell a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01522-00324040-00324199 that cell can become
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01523-00324200-00324439 immortalized grow forever
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01524-00324440-00324615 but it may be controlled by the immune
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01525-00324616-00324823 system or by other parameters
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01526-00324824-00325047 but if another genetic accident or two
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01527-00325048-00325263 occurs from hyper proliferation
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01528-00325264-00325406 then you have a tumor and every cell of
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01529-00325407-00325630 the tumor will have the viral genes in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01530-00325631-00325975 it at the same place listed in that as x
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01531-00325976-00326087 so they're the pro they're the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01532-00326088-00326303 descendants of a single transformed cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01533-00326304-00326558 clonal like a true cancer
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01534-00326559-00326710 but i've also told you with b cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01535-00326711-00326991 lymphoma of man and capacity sarcoma a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01536-00326992-00327247 retrovirus namely hiv can act indirectly
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01537-00327248-00327415 where it infects the cell let's call it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01538-00327416-00327606 a which would be cells of the immune
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01539-00327607-00327839 system but the cell that becomes a tumor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01540-00327840-00328087 is much different and it's a complex
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01541-00328088-00328278 process that is summarized
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01542-00328279-00328503 very broadly in this slide
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01543-00328504-00328743 hiv infection of the immune system one
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01544-00328744-00328863 of its
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01545-00328864-00329030 one of the features is that there will
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01546-00329031-00329199 be an abnormal release of certain
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01547-00329200-00329447 cytokines that's far left
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01548-00329448-00329615 some of those cytokines will lead to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01549-00329616-00329743 activation
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01550-00329744-00329982 of cells that are the progenitor cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01551-00329983-00330078 perhaps
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01552-00330079-00330391 or even a mature endothelial cell cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01553-00330392-00330567 that line blood vessels
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01554-00330568-00330791 when those cells are proliferating
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01555-00330792-00330910 activated
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01556-00330911-00331078 we believe you'll have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01557-00331079-00331358 capacity sarcoma-like lesions
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01558-00331359-00331487 those lesions
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01559-00331488-00331639 i believe therefore are not a true
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01560-00331640-00331815 malignancy but what we call a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01561-00331816-00331951 hyperplasia
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01562-00331952-00332239 and by this art by this kind of argument
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01563-00332240-00332399 this tumor should be reversible and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01564-00332400-00332663 rarely one does seek capacity sarcoma
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01565-00332664-00332782 reversible
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01566-00332783-00332903 yet i must
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01567-00332904-00333134 make the important caveat that there are
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01568-00333135-00333287 patients especially in late states
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01569-00333288-00333558 capacity where these lesions apparently
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01570-00333559-00333791 at least by pathology eyes and by
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01571-00333792-00334078 clinical response convert to full-scale
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01572-00334079-00334375 malignancies sarcomas but that could be
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01573-00334376-00334567 because of hyper proliferation over a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01574-00334568-00334782 long period of time with increased risk
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01575-00334783-00335071 for other genetic changes
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01576-00335072-00335206 in a final minute i'd like to tell you
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01577-00335207-00335423 what we want to do about
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01578-00335424-00335599 this disease in the future from the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01579-00335600-00335975 laboratory point of view
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01580-00335976-00336151 right now the only real practical
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01581-00336152-00336334 advance we have in aids
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01582-00336335-00336487 is the monitoring system and the blood
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01583-00336488-00336615 transfusion
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01584-00336616-00336743 protection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01585-00336744-00336919 with the antibody test
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01586-00336920-00337095 all of you are aware also however of an
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01587-00337096-00337375 advance made some years ago
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01588-00337376-00337534 particularly by dr broder and colleagues
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01589-00337535-00337782 at nci in the development of azt which
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01590-00337783-00337975 burrows welcome
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01591-00337976-00338182 azt helps but it's far from the ultimate
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01592-00338183-00338358 answer
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01593-00338359-00338567 remember that we face unusual challenges
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01594-00338568-00338710 people always want to know why you make
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01595-00338711-00338895 so much progress in the early years
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01596-00338896-00339078 etiology and blood test
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01597-00339079-00339254 lots of molecular biology advances but
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01598-00339255-00339471 you can't cure the disease remember it's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01599-00339472-00339615 an integrating
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01600-00339616-00339710 virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01601-00339711-00339999 that a virus usurps the cells machinery
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01602-00340000-00340158 that we have to develop much finer tools
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01603-00340159-00340358 than we do against a bacterium or fungus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01604-00340359-00340582 because it has no metabolism in that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01605-00340583-00340775 cell it's using the cells enzymes for
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01606-00340776-00341023 the most part so we have limited targets
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01607-00341024-00341167 that are specific to the virus and they
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01608-00341168-00341367 have to be very sharp to do something to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01609-00341368-00341687 the virus without a host of toxicity
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01610-00341688-00341887 and remember if it integrates once it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01611-00341888-00342071 integrates and you knock out viruses all
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01612-00342072-00342303 over the place once you stop treatment
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01613-00342304-00342495 virus could stop emerging start emerging
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01614-00342496-00342703 again and then remember how fast this
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01615-00342704-00342895 virus mutates it mutates away from
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01616-00342896-00343015 efficacy
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01617-00343016-00343082 with
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01618-00343083-00343310 azt talking about a vaccine why haven't
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01619-00343311-00343615 you why so much trouble with the vaccine
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01620-00343616-00343919 to my knowledge nobody has yet developed
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01621-00343920-00344095 a vaccine that prevents against
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01622-00344096-00344287 infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01623-00344288-00344406 jonas saw
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01624-00344407-00344630 the polio vaccine as far as i know
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01625-00344631-00344815 doesn't protect you or me from getting
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01626-00344816-00345071 infected it protects against disease
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01627-00345072-00345223 we're vaccinated
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01628-00345224-00345471 but if we get exposed to polio
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01629-00345472-00345599 as my understanding is we'll have
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01630-00345600-00345830 replication of that virus in our gut but
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01631-00345831-00345967 it won't get to our brain and spinal
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01632-00345968-00346103 cord because the immune system is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01633-00346104-00346278 activated and controls it but imagine a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01634-00346279-00346430 retrovirus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01635-00346431-00346575 which if you don't protect against
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01636-00346576-00346782 infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01637-00346783-00346975 any virus that's integrated the immune
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01638-00346976-00347158 system virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01639-00347159-00347327 the immune system in a vaccine may
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01640-00347328-00347478 protect against infection but if you
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01641-00347479-00347671 escape and integrate
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01642-00347672-00347823 the immune system holds it in check as
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01643-00347824-00347975 the immune system declines if you're not
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01644-00347976-00348230 boosted regularly virus will come out
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01645-00348231-00348423 maybe seed the brain again
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01646-00348424-00348551 so we have argued that we need to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01647-00348552-00348703 develop a vaccine that protects not
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01648-00348704-00348903 against disease but against actual
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01649-00348904-00349030 infection
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01650-00349031-00349215 and that's been the goal
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01651-00349216-00349367 second thing to keep in mind is that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01652-00349368-00349606 there's never been success in a vaccine
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01653-00349607-00349847 against a virus with a lot of variation
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01654-00349848-00350023 look at influenza we have an imperfect
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01655-00350024-00350175 vaccine and influenza as a child
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01656-00350176-00350358 compared to this virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01657-00350359-00350519 out of aids if their success with a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01658-00350520-00350630 vaccine
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01659-00350631-00350775 one might safely predict we ought to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01660-00350776-00350951 have a vaccine against anything if
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01661-00350952-00351134 science puts their mind to it
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01662-00351135-00351319 enough
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01663-00351320-00351503 my own view is that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01664-00351504-00351751 we could it's not so much
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01665-00351752-00351958 the total money but maybe we need to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01666-00351959-00352191 have a strategy that encompasses a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01667-00352192-00352430 non-secret mini manhattan project for
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01668-00352431-00352615 this disease and this virus i thought
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01669-00352616-00352743 this for a while
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01670-00352744-00352910 it sounds almost like a cliche but if
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01671-00352911-00353087 you think about it deeper there are some
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01672-00353088-00353327 good ideas that might emerge
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01673-00353328-00353463 i'm going to close by showing you an
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01674-00353464-00353599 example of what we're trying to do in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01675-00353600-00353903 collaborations with many people
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01676-00353904-00354063 i'm focusing on our laboratories
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01677-00354064-00354223 focusing on two approaches in therapy
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01678-00354224-00354382 for the future one is gene therapy which
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01679-00354383-00354567 mike will talk about tomorrow and i'll
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01680-00354568-00354758 just mention very very quickly and the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01681-00354759-00354975 other is something we call antisense
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01682-00354976-00355151 many of you may heard about
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01683-00355152-00355375 antisense can be used as a drug or a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01684-00355376-00355575 gene therapy and it means if you know a
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01685-00355576-00355830 sequence let's say of the virus you know
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01686-00355831-00355958 it's gene sequence and you know it's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01687-00355959-00356063 important
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01688-00356064-00356191 you can build
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01689-00356192-00356415 what is called the antisense that binds
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01690-00356416-00356687 to it and it blocks that virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01691-00356688-00356895 nucleic acid from acting as a messenger
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01692-00356896-00357047 to make viral proteins actually it may
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01693-00357048-00357223 do much more than that but that's the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01694-00357224-00357430 common
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01695-00357431-00357639 common way it's discussed
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01696-00357640-00357734 so our
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01697-00357735-00357999 program
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01698-00358000-00358151 is listed here
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01699-00358152-00358310 we're involved in collaboration with
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01700-00358311-00358463 mike and with other people at nih and
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01701-00358464-00358575 elsewhere
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01702-00358576-00358758 in some aspects of gene therapy one
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01703-00358759-00358895 thing we want to do let's just look at
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01704-00358896-00359047 the top one
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01705-00359048-00359175 is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01706-00359176-00359310 block tap
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01707-00359311-00359487 that molecule that's critical for viral
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01708-00359488-00359639 replication and there's also we believe
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01709-00359640-00359847 a growth factor for kaposi and probably
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01710-00359848-00360078 doing many other bad things for tat to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01711-00360079-00360223 function it has to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01712-00360224-00360430 interact actually indirectly it's very
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01713-00360431-00360558 complicated but
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01714-00360559-00360727 with a sequence that the virus has in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01715-00360728-00360967 its genetic information called tar
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01716-00360968-00361110 our notion
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01717-00361111-00361406 is that if we put
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01718-00361407-00361582 into a cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01719-00361583-00361839 a protective element genetic sequence we
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01720-00361840-00362015 may protect that cell from ever being
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01721-00362016-00362167 infected
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01722-00362168-00362382 and the notion using the binding site
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01723-00362383-00362623 for tat is summarized in this slide
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01724-00362624-00362815 on the top we see a cell that's infected
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01725-00362816-00362982 carrying the dna form of the virus
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01726-00362983-00363127 integrated
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01727-00363128-00363343 and it's making it's going to make its
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01728-00363344-00363551 tap but if we insert into that cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01729-00363552-00363847 ahead of time a protective gene that has
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01730-00363848-00364143 the binding sites called tar many times
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01731-00364144-00364399 as soon as tat is made it's swamped up
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01732-00364400-00364543 by the tars that are made by the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01733-00364544-00364767 protective genetic element
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01734-00364768-00364903 you might argue but that might not be
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01735-00364904-00365206 good for you to put polytar into a cell
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01736-00365207-00365343 but it's only a cell that's going to be
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01737-00365344-00365599 infected that's going to be activated
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01738-00365600-00365767 that's how this is worked out so any
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01739-00365768-00365958 cell that gets infected polytar is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01740-00365959-00366215 expressed and gobbles up
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01741-00366216-00366551 and binds to the tap so tap cannot
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01742-00366552-00366799 work in killing that cell the hope is to
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01743-00366800-00367063 do this with stem cells in the near
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01744-00367064-00367278 future and that's one of the ongoing
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01745-00367279-00367471 collaborations lastly i'll give you an
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01746-00367472-00367678 example with antisense
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01747-00367679-00367791 this shows
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01748-00367792-00367991 ribosome messenger rna let's say that's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01749-00367992-00368223 a viral messenger rna
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01750-00368224-00368510 being translated to make a viral protein
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01751-00368511-00368775 but an antisense dna sequence is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01752-00368776-00368975 relatively short fragment let's say 25
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01753-00368976-00369263 nucleotides can bind to that and protect
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01754-00369264-00369415 it from being translated that can be
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01755-00369416-00369623 very fine and very specific and you can
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01756-00369624-00369871 do it as gene therapy in the dna form or
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01757-00369872-00370015 you can do it as a drug that would need
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01758-00370016-00370295 to be around chronically
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01759-00370296-00370591 i'll give you one last example with data
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01760-00370592-00370734 in two slides
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01761-00370735-00370895 i told you that one of the important
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01762-00370896-00371087 molecules for kaposi's sarcoma in our
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01763-00371088-00371319 minds is a cytokine called basic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01764-00371320-00371551 fiberglass growth factor
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01765-00371552-00371727 look in the middle basic fibroblast
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01766-00371728-00371919 growth factor is over expressed in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01767-00371920-00372167 kaposi spindle cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01768-00372168-00372351 basic fibroblast gross factor is
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01769-00372352-00372558 released in an active form
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01770-00372559-00372727 and acts to promote growth of those
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01771-00372728-00372863 spindle cells
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01772-00372864-00373030 in vivo
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01773-00373031-00373254 people have seen basic fibroblast growth
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01774-00373255-00373463 factor expressed a lot in capacity
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01775-00373464-00373582 sarcoma
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01776-00373583-00373799 so we are using some antisense approach
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01777-00373800-00373999 this is a my last slide it's a data
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01778-00374000-00374206 slide all you need to look at is the
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01779-00374207-00374447 right half and look in black and that's
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01780-00374448-00374695 the effect of a specific anti-sense in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01781-00374696-00374934 blocking growth of aids capacity sarcoma
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01782-00374935-00375143 cells in vitro
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01783-00375144-00375471 these in vitro ideas we hope to take in
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01784-00375472-00375639 vivo to the clinic
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01785-00375640-00375823 in the immediate future near future
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01786-00375824-00375975 excuse me
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01787-00375976-00376143 i believe immune therapy and immune
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01788-00376144-00376319 restoration has a function in the future
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01789-00376320-00376478 of aids research we're not so involved
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01790-00376479-00376654 in it but i think it's a promising
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01791-00376655-00376854 avenue
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01792-00376855-00376982 and then i think these next few years
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01793-00376983-00377087 are going to see
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01794-00377088-00377295 more and more of that
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01795-00377296-00377543 the protective vaccine and my closing
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01796-00377544-00377710 conclusion remark
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01797-00377711-00377847 is not going to come in the next five
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01798-00377848-00377943 years
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01799-00377944-00378134 one can predict that a vac several
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01800-00378135-00378310 vaccines will emerge
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01801-00378311-00378543 some might be partially effective
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01802-00378544-00378630 but
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01803-00378631-00378878 one would not want to state if and when
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01804-00378879-00379087 a vaccine will come within this decade
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01805-00379088-00379410 thank you very much
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01806-00379411-00379854 [Applause]
4E6ttuOJL9Y-01807-00379855-00380064 you
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00000-00000003-00000257 hi everyone eat some hair from Vancouver
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00001-00000258-00000553 BC and welcome to my youtube channel the
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00002-00000554-00000821 purpose of my videos is to introduce you
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4E7aVCZUgQ8-00004-00001050-00001333 job search by interviewing experts in
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4E7aVCZUgQ8-00009-00002184-00002417 video and a new content so let's start
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00010-00002418-00002732 with today's interview hi everyone
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00011-00002733-00003010 welcome back to another great interview
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00012-00003011-00003215 series with me today I have the
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00013-00003215-00003506 privilege to interview habla Gonzalez hi
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00014-00003507-00003725 Pablo how are you doing I'm doing well
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00015-00003726-00003935 my hair the privilege is all mine my
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00016-00003936-00004151 friend I appreciate being here thank you
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00017-00004152-00004381 for being here so Pablo has a deep
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00018-00004382-00004649 desire to connect with people and will
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00019-00004650-00004934 build community so in that sense Pablo
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00020-00004935-00005165 can you tell us more about yourself and
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00021-00005166-00005395 also in terms of your intrapreneurship
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00022-00005396-00005686 journey what obstacles are you having
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00023-00005687-00005920 how are you keeping yourself motivated
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00024-00005921-00006464 and yourself absolutely man I've been
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00025-00006465-00006662 obsessed with human connection my whole
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00026-00006663-00006835 life right I like to tell people that
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00027-00006836-00006980 I'm the most American person in my
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00028-00006981-00007273 family we left Venezuela when I was 2 my
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00029-00007275-00007645 first real formative memory was walking
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00030-00007647-00007849 into my preschool class in Miami Beach
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00031-00007850-00008003 knowing that I was the only kid that
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00032-00008004-00008203 didn't speak English and figuring out
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00033-00008204-00008449 how to fit in and at that age you you're
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00034-00008450-00008578 kind of a sponge and you learn language
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00035-00008579-00008753 quickly but then a year later we moved
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00036-00008754-00008914 to Spain where I enrolled in a British
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00037-00008915-00009185 school and once again I didn't
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00038-00009186-00009385 understand the Spanish dialect or the
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00039-00009386-00009581 English dialect even though I knew both
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00040-00009582-00009871 languages technically and that set me on
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00041-00009872-00010217 this life path of always seeing the
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00042-00010218-00010508 world as a outsider on the inside and
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00043-00010509-00010789 even though I fit in very seamlessly in
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00044-00010790-00010955 Hispanic culture and American culture
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00045-00010956-00011273 and basically everywhere I go I still
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00046-00011274-00011477 always keep that perspective and I was
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00047-00011478-00011713 always the kid that befriended adults
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00048-00011714-00011870 and as I became an adult now I'm the
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00049-00011871-00012053 adult of my friends kids and I have
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00050-00012054-00012238 friends that are 20 30 years older than
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00051-00012239-00012449 me and I really really lean into that
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00052-00012450-00012791 stuff so that's who I am as far as my
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00053-00012792-00013096 entrepreneurial journey goes I've had a
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00054-00013097-00013294 very squig
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00055-00013296-00013526 path right like it's it's always been
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00056-00013527-00013727 it's always been a learning experience
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00057-00013728-00014099 but I graduated college in 2003 when the
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00058-00014100-00014336 world was under a lot of construction at
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00059-00014337-00014468 least the United States was under a lot
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00060-00014469-00014600 of construction and I got this executive
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00061-00014601-00014900 and training program at a fortune 500
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00062-00014901-00015191 company that formed me as an executive
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00063-00015191-00015316 and I moved to Orange County California
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00064-00015318-00015578 where at 24 years old I was managing 150
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00065-00015579-00015769 people and a 50 million dollar operation
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00066-00015769-00015997 from there I became a green building
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00067-00015999-00016216 expert in 2008 when the world kind of
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00068-00016218-00016493 collapsed I moved back to Miami and I
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00069-00016494-00016660 started a green building construction
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00070-00016661-00016958 consulting company which two years later
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00071-00016959-00017129 got acquired by my biggest customer
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00072-00017130-00017282 which that was a huge international
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00073-00017283-00017447 conglomerate builder so that was my
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00074-00017448-00017726 first foray into entrepreneurship I did
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00075-00017727-00018050 well I experienced the same kind of
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00076-00018051-00018290 setbacks and and and winds and things
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00077-00018291-00018413 that I'm learning from that I'm applying
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00078-00018414-00018680 now then I went in to work for that
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00079-00018681-00019043 conglomerate for seven years and learned
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00080-00019044-00019283 a lot there and and most importantly I
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00081-00019284-00019439 learned the value of getting involved in
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00082-00019440-00019577 my community because I had started doing
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00083-00019578-00019778 that and because I leaned into all that
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00084-00019779-00019955 stuff I got into this whole community
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00085-00019956-00020198 creation for business development which
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00086-00020199-00020417 then transitioned my career from a
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00087-00020418-00020624 director of sustainability at this big
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00088-00020625-00020765 company where I was just kind of on an
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00089-00020766-00021053 island tired to fix a problem with a
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00090-00021054-00021290 diminishing marginal return on their
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00091-00021291-00021539 investment on me as time went on to
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00092-00021540-00021809 being a business developer and once I
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00093-00021810-00022001 once I appeared through that veneer and
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00094-00022002-00022130 I realized that this thing could work I
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00095-00022131-00022424 looked for an opportunity to showcase
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00096-00022425-00022646 this business development through
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00097-00022647-00022973 community creation hypothesis in a
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00098-00022974-00023096 different kind of market right not a
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00099-00023097-00023249 local market and I got the opportunity
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00100-00023250-00023396 to become the VP of business development
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00101-00023397-00023663 for a tech startup up in Jacksonville
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00102-00023664-00023936 that served ecommerce entrepreneurs I
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00103-00023937-00024239 when I did that implemented my program
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00104-00024240-00024520 there it was very very successful in
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00105-00024521-00024797 really sustaining this company and
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00106-00024798-00024968 pivoting at doing a very very hard time
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00107-00024969-00025199 where the software was kind of not
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00108-00025200-00025532 working and the CEO had a couple high
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00109-00025533-00025886 profile battles that made us lose touch
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00110-00025887-00026036 with some of the customer base and our
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00111-00026037-00026283 head developer quit oh we got a new
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00112-00026285-00026504 competitor all in my first three months
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00113-00026505-00026675 there but bringing together
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00114-00026676-00026936 were based in a specific way that I that
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00115-00026937-00026999 I did
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00116-00027000-00027272 really first of all created $200,000
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00117-00027273-00027455 worth of revenue out of out of thin air
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00118-00027456-00027779 and and and really was able to sustain
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00119-00027780-00027968 the momentum and reduce the customer
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00120-00027969-00028118 churn and create all this content that
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00121-00028119-00028280 we created and then at the end of the
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00122-00028281-00028466 year I decided that that partnership
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00123-00028467-00028745 wasn't really for me and the beginning
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00124-00028745-00028867 of this year I kind of took this
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00125-00028868-00029183 three-month purposeful pause to figure
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00126-00029183-00029375 out who I want to be in ten years and
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00127-00029376-00029591 instead of falling in love with my next
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00128-00029592-00029966 opportunity I I wanted to really just
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00129-00029967-00030155 set a goal and reverse-engineer it and
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00130-00030156-00030304 that's what set me on this path of
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00131-00030305-00030545 really proving this community creation
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00132-00030545-00030707 for Business Development on a grander
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00133-00030708-00030968 scale as a consultant to multiple people
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00134-00030969-00031286 as a public speaker as somebody that is
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00135-00031287-00031436 helping people learn how to network and
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00136-00031437-00031658 build relationships online and things of
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00137-00031658-00031997 that sort and Here I am and it's it's
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00138-00031998-00032164 really starting to you know my first
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00139-00032166-00032342 business took about like a year in -
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00140-00032343-00032543 three months - to really make any money
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00141-00032544-00032689 and by the end of year or two I was
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00142-00032691-00032825 making pretty good money and then I got
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00143-00032826-00033233 acquired so now I'm eight months into
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00144-00033234-00033494 this business I'm capitalized and things
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00145-00033495-00033770 are starting to go well and and I'm I
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00146-00033771-00033986 now had this like influx of new
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00147-00033987-00034154 customers after landing my first big
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00148-00034155-00034358 customer not that long ago and he was
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00149-00034359-00034529 luckily a high-profile customer which is
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00150-00034530-00034759 really a great test study for me and
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00151-00034760-00035006 that's where I'm at man I'm just mission
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00152-00035007-00035302 driven right now to prove this whole
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00153-00035303-00035687 community creation value and and the
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00154-00035688-00035891 idea that everybody has some kind of
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00155-00035892-00036073 value and you can get really good at
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00156-00036074-00036320 understanding what the other person
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00157-00036321-00036446 knows that you don't know which
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00158-00036447-00036674 everybody has that and putting it on a
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00159-00036675-00036905 stage and how everybody benefits from
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00160-00036906-00037160 that and it's gonna trip man it's been
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00161-00037161-00037331 really interesting right thank you for
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00162-00037332-00037592 sharing your story and in terms of being
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00163-00037593-00037859 staying motivated while things are not
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00164-00037860-00038042 looking well or the money it's not
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00165-00038043-00038468 coming how are you keeping it's
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00166-00038469-00038594 interesting that you asked me this now
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00167-00038595-00038774 all right because I I find that I have
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00168-00038775-00039053 this rhythm where I'll have like I don't
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00169-00039054-00039245 know if it goes by the moon or what it
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00170-00039246-00039482 is right but I'll have these like two to
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00171-00039483-00039689 three weeks where I'm just crushing hard
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00172-00039690-00040028 and then I go into one two
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00173-00040029-00040232 three four five days where I'm just kind
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00174-00040233-00040415 of down on myself and I'm really coming
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00175-00040416-00040634 on I'm on the back end of one of those
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00176-00040635-00040904 like three days spells right so I think
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00177-00040905-00041165 a lot about how to mitigate that and I
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00178-00041166-00041516 think a lot about how you can save $100
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00179-00041517-00041786 a month for two years and then blow 20
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00180-00041787-00041975 grand and one crazy night right so I
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00181-00041976-00042194 think life is like that too and I think
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00182-00042195-00042452 it's all about making sure that when you
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00183-00042453-00042620 are down because you will inevitably be
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00184-00042621-00042779 down right and we've talked about this
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00185-00042780-00042929 metaphor of this like upward spiral
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00186-00042930-00043223 where as you're as you're moving up in
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00187-00043224-00043403 your trajectory it's kind of this like
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00188-00043404-00043589 ongoing spiral but when you're on like
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00189-00043590-00043736 the downside of the spiral even though
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00190-00043737-00043892 you're up you feel like you're down here
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00191-00043893-00044201 but you're up here so I think it's
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00192-00044202-00044384 perspective man I think it's it's really
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00193-00044385-00044654 just keeping the perspective of don't
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00194-00044655-00045023 let the bottom fall out try to anchor
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00195-00045024-00045359 yourself to certain habits that can snap
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00196-00045360-00045569 you into shape and snap you back in like
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00197-00045570-00045881 exercise like journaling like meditation
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00198-00045882-00046124 I like to surf right if they're surf out
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00199-00046125-00046355 that's really really easy for me to do
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00200-00046356-00046475 which is one of the reasons I moved to
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00201-00046476-00046757 Jacksonville and when all of that stuff
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00202-00046758-00046958 isn't working I just reach out to people
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00203-00046959-00047186 right I just I just connect with people
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00204-00047187-00047351 like you I connect with other people
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00205-00047352-00047597 that I admire and just pick their brains
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00206-00047598-00047816 and when you find out that everybody no
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00207-00047817-00047996 matter how successful go through those
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00208-00047997-00048218 downs it can give you that perspective
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00209-00048219-00048398 that that doesn't let the bottom fell
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00210-00048399-00048596 out and keeps you on that path because
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00211-00048597-00048878 like they say right like 99% of life is
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00212-00048879-00049037 just showing up so you just got it you
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00213-00049038-00049181 just got to keep taking that bass and
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00214-00049182-00049412 keep going for it great thank you again
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00215-00049413-00049670 Pablo for sharing that and for the
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00216-00049671-00049934 audience watching for the first time so
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00217-00049935-00050141 in the next five days we'll have a
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00218-00050142-00050327 journey with Pablo I'm going to ask you
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00219-00050328-00050480 a series of questions and I'm going to
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00220-00050481-00050771 post them daily so tune in every day to
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00221-00050772-00051044 see what we are talking about and if you
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00222-00051045-00051248 like this video please like and share
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00223-00051249-00051476 subscribe to the channel and tune in
4E7aVCZUgQ8-00224-00051477-00051821 tomorrow for another question with
4I4ikYhTflQ-00000-00000583-00002301 restaurant
4I4ikYhTflQ-00001-00002302-00002926 [Music]
4I4ikYhTflQ-00002-00002927-00003215 smooth like butter like criminal
4I4ikYhTflQ-00003-00003215-00003535 undercover don't pop like trouble
4I4ikYhTflQ-00004-00003536-00003979 breaking into your heart like that
4I4ikYhTflQ-00005-00003979-00005501 [Music]
4I4ikYhTflQ-00006-00005502-00005663 [Music]
4I4ikYhTflQ-00007-00005664-00006022 i
4I4ikYhTflQ-00008-00006023-00006423 break it down
4I4ikYhTflQ-00009-00006425-00007787 [Music]
4I4ikYhTflQ-00010-00007788-00008559 [Music]
4I4ikYhTflQ-00011-00008560-00010557 get it let it go
4I4ikYhTflQ-00012-00010558-00011046 [Music]
4I4ikYhTflQ-00013-00011047-00011508 at the right time
4I4ikYhTflQ-00014-00011509-00012559 [Music]
4I4ikYhTflQ-00015-00012560-00013453 let's go
4I4ikYhTflQ-00016-00013454-00015629 [Music]
4I4ikYhTflQ-00017-00015630-00015966 [Music]
4I4ikYhTflQ-00018-00015968-00016380 get it let it go
4ITjh23zB68-00000-00000000-00000364 this is actually mother of dr. su
4ITjh23zB68-00001-00000365-00000757 Priyanka I was in her late 70s and she's
4ITjh23zB68-00002-00000758-00000989 had a lot of problems with heart disease
4ITjh23zB68-00003-00000990-00001324 she's got mitral valve stenosis it's got
4ITjh23zB68-00004-00001325-00001544 you know stenotic valve so she doesn't
4ITjh23zB68-00005-00001545-00001759 have good blood flow to the heart she's
4ITjh23zB68-00006-00001760-00002023 diabetic and she's got high blood
4ITjh23zB68-00007-00002025-00002237 pressure she's been coronary artery
4ITjh23zB68-00008-00002238-00002564 disease and she was going into some
4ITjh23zB68-00009-00002565-00002752 congestive failure if she was in really
4ITjh23zB68-00010-00002753-00003016 bad shape and she wasn't active she
4ITjh23zB68-00011-00003017-00003281 really wasn't able to do very much I'm
4ITjh23zB68-00012-00003282-00003390 dr.
4ITjh23zB68-00013-00003392-00003788 Frasier Ramon which I did and she took
4ITjh23zB68-00014-00003789-00003968 her mom right after that back to the
4ITjh23zB68-00015-00003969-00004220 cardiologist and everything was clear
4ITjh23zB68-00016-00004221-00004445 even the echocardiogram showed that the
4ITjh23zB68-00017-00004446-00004676 valve disease too disappeared now that's
4ITjh23zB68-00018-00004677-00004877 very awesome that's a really great
4ITjh23zB68-00019-00004878-00005122 healing her mom was very active she's
4ITjh23zB68-00020-00005123-00005320 doing an elliptical and she's running
4ITjh23zB68-00021-00005321-00005585 around and really nice woman like there
4ITjh23zB68-00022-00005586-00005834 are a few times and then really happy
4ITjh23zB68-00023-00005835-00006079 how well she's doing really strong and
4ITjh23zB68-00024-00006080-00006298 healthy
4Jckgsh8doU-00000-00000048-00000295 almost every nation has invested
4Jckgsh8doU-00001-00000296-00000511 enormous amount of money in building and
4Jckgsh8doU-00002-00000512-00000655 stockpiling
4Jckgsh8doU-00003-00000656-00000983 uh arms armaments bombs missiles smart
4Jckgsh8doU-00004-00000984-00001087 bombs
4Jckgsh8doU-00005-00001088-00001254 i don't know how a bomb can be smart
4Jckgsh8doU-00006-00001255-00001423 it's a dumbest thing to do
4Jckgsh8doU-00007-00001424-00001671 see at least if i pick a fight with you
4Jckgsh8doU-00008-00001672-00001910 with a sword or a stick or something
4Jckgsh8doU-00009-00001911-00002118 there is some crude animalistic pleasure
4Jckgsh8doU-00010-00002119-00002342 attached to it
4Jckgsh8doU-00011-00002343-00002510 a thousand people are sitting here you
4Jckgsh8doU-00012-00002511-00002750 just drop a bomb all of them died i
4Jckgsh8doU-00013-00002751-00002991 don't know what is smart about that i
4Jckgsh8doU-00014-00002992-00003166 cannot understand this
4Jckgsh8doU-00015-00003167-00003447 but they are talking about smart bombs
4Jckgsh8doU-00016-00003447-00003647 where they are saying from two miles in
4Jckgsh8doU-00017-00003647-00003911 the sky they can drop the bomb into your
4Jckgsh8doU-00018-00003911-00004127 house through the window
4Jckgsh8doU-00019-00004128-00004319 they are very proud of this
4Jckgsh8doU-00020-00004320-00004502 so there's not one nation across the
4Jckgsh8doU-00021-00004503-00004702 world all right
4Jckgsh8doU-00022-00004703-00004951 so all of us as people
4Jckgsh8doU-00023-00004952-00005111 were we all thinking
4Jckgsh8doU-00024-00005112-00005295 all these bombs are being kept for
4Jckgsh8doU-00025-00005296-00005479 entertainment for display or it's hard
4Jckgsh8doU-00026-00005480-00005718 work what did you think
4Jckgsh8doU-00027-00005719-00005999 one day it will be used
4Jckgsh8doU-00028-00006000-00006127 yes or no
4Jckgsh8doU-00029-00006128-00006302 it has to be used somewhere
4Jckgsh8doU-00030-00006303-00006559 the question is on whom
4Jckgsh8doU-00031-00006559-00006719 the question is not whether it will be
4Jckgsh8doU-00032-00006720-00006983 used or not the question is just where
4Jckgsh8doU-00033-00006984-00007334 on on whom isn't it so when it is piling
4Jckgsh8doU-00034-00007336-00007455 up
4Jckgsh8doU-00035-00007456-00007678 we're all okay with it
4Jckgsh8doU-00036-00007679-00007927 in every movie there is no movie without
4Jckgsh8doU-00037-00007928-00008159 a bomb or a smashed face
4Jckgsh8doU-00038-00008159-00008327 we are all enjoying it
4Jckgsh8doU-00039-00008328-00008503 when it really happens
4Jckgsh8doU-00040-00008504-00008735 we we're shocked we're soaked
4Jckgsh8doU-00041-00008736-00008910 it doesn't work like that life
4Jckgsh8doU-00042-00008911-00009039 this is why i'm telling you about the
4Jckgsh8doU-00043-00009040-00009167 soil
4Jckgsh8doU-00044-00009168-00009455 will you grieve after the disaster or
4Jckgsh8doU-00045-00009456-00009646 will you be that generation will turn
4Jckgsh8doU-00046-00009647-00009806 the disaster around
4Jckgsh8doU-00047-00009807-00009983 this is all the choice we have because
4Jckgsh8doU-00048-00009984-00010167 this is our time on the planet
4Jckgsh8doU-00049-00010168-00010463 how we do our life is our life isn't it
4Jckgsh8doU-00050-00010464-00010583 wars
4Jckgsh8doU-00051-00010584-00010759 are almost inevitable because the
4Jckgsh8doU-00052-00010760-00010974 economies are built on war
4Jckgsh8doU-00053-00010975-00011167 without war a lot of people cannot
4Jckgsh8doU-00054-00011168-00011327 survive the largest industry in the
4Jckgsh8doU-00055-00011328-00011567 planet is arms and armaments how will
4Jckgsh8doU-00056-00011568-00011799 you not use it if i'm making guns and
4Jckgsh8doU-00057-00011800-00012046 bullets and i sell it to you
4Jckgsh8doU-00058-00012047-00012255 and you don't shoot a single bullet i'm
4Jckgsh8doU-00059-00012256-00012414 disappointed with you
4Jckgsh8doU-00060-00012415-00012535 this happened i was at the world
4Jckgsh8doU-00061-00012536-00012678 economic forum
4Jckgsh8doU-00062-00012679-00012951 at that time this sudanese war was going
4Jckgsh8doU-00063-00012952-00013143 on you know terrible war
4Jckgsh8doU-00064-00013144-00013271 over uh
4Jckgsh8doU-00065-00013272-00013655 2600 000 people died out of which
4Jckgsh8doU-00066-00013656-00013783 50
4Jckgsh8doU-00067-00013784-00014079 were children below 6 years of age
4Jckgsh8doU-00068-00014080-00014471 can you beat it 130 000 children die in
4Jckgsh8doU-00069-00014472-00014622 one war
4Jckgsh8doU-00070-00014623-00014815 so
4Jckgsh8doU-00071-00014816-00015094 at that time some you know movie stars
4Jckgsh8doU-00072-00015095-00015279 and others are going there and carrying
4Jckgsh8doU-00073-00015280-00015535 one you know an african child is always
4Jckgsh8doU-00074-00015536-00015727 a trophy
4Jckgsh8doU-00075-00015728-00015975 you carry this child and take photo ops
4Jckgsh8doU-00076-00015976-00016191 and all this is happening
4Jckgsh8doU-00077-00016191-00016391 i said see
4Jckgsh8doU-00078-00016392-00016655 and they showed a video where all these
4Jckgsh8doU-00079-00016656-00016815 militants or soldiers or whatever you
4Jckgsh8doU-00080-00016816-00016967 want to call them
4Jckgsh8doU-00081-00016968-00017167 they're just going in these pickup
4Jckgsh8doU-00082-00017168-00017558 trucks simply shooting at the sky okay
4Jckgsh8doU-00083-00017559-00017743 i said see
4Jckgsh8doU-00084-00017744-00017903 these guys
4Jckgsh8doU-00085-00017904-00018063 if i have a fight with you at least i
4Jckgsh8doU-00086-00018064-00018271 need to shoot you if i'm shooting the
4Jckgsh8doU-00087-00018272-00018630 sky that means i have abundant supply of
4Jckgsh8doU-00088-00018631-00018855 bullets isn't it abundant supply
4Jckgsh8doU-00089-00018856-00019127 otherwise i won't be shooting the clouds
4Jckgsh8doU-00090-00019128-00019311 if i'm fighting a war
4Jckgsh8doU-00091-00019312-00019543 when i shoot i want somebody to die yes
4Jckgsh8doU-00092-00019544-00019639 or no
4Jckgsh8doU-00093-00019640-00019791 i'm not i'm not going to shoot at the
4Jckgsh8doU-00094-00019792-00019886 sky
4Jckgsh8doU-00095-00019887-00020055 but they're shooting at the sky with
4Jckgsh8doU-00096-00020056-00020294 automatic weapons continuously i said
4Jckgsh8doU-00097-00020295-00020399 see
4Jckgsh8doU-00098-00020400-00020599 somebody's supplying them plenty all
4Jckgsh8doU-00099-00020600-00020758 right otherwise nobody will shoot at the
4Jckgsh8doU-00100-00020759-00020911 sky
4Jckgsh8doU-00101-00020912-00021039 i said
4Jckgsh8doU-00102-00021040-00021335 there are 62 industries in the world who
4Jckgsh8doU-00103-00021336-00021575 manufacture that caliber of
4Jckgsh8doU-00104-00021576-00021686 bullet
4Jckgsh8doU-00105-00021687-00021855 i will give you the addresses
4Jckgsh8doU-00106-00021856-00022103 will you go and lock them up
4Jckgsh8doU-00107-00022104-00022199 no
4Jckgsh8doU-00108-00022200-00022407 you will go to the war zone and pick up
4Jckgsh8doU-00109-00022408-00022583 a child and do drama
4Jckgsh8doU-00110-00022584-00022799 all you need to do is if you take away
4Jckgsh8doU-00111-00022800-00023078 the bullets once that runs out
4Jckgsh8doU-00112-00023079-00023319 maybe they will hack each other
4Jckgsh8doU-00113-00023320-00023511 but you can't kill that many hacking at
4Jckgsh8doU-00114-00023512-00023639 least
4Jckgsh8doU-00115-00023640-00023814 if you can't transform the human being
4Jckgsh8doU-00116-00023815-00024103 at least you must defang him isn't it
4Jckgsh8doU-00117-00024104-00024222 hello
4Jckgsh8doU-00118-00024223-00024303 yeah
4Jckgsh8doU-00119-00024304-00024422 the time means
4Jckgsh8doU-00120-00024423-00024799 to take away speed at least
4Jckgsh8doU-00121-00024800-00024999 if if transformation is possible
4Jckgsh8doU-00122-00025000-00025278 fantastic if that is not possible at
4Jckgsh8doU-00123-00025279-00025519 least his empowerment you should bring
4Jckgsh8doU-00124-00025520-00025662 it down isn't it
4Jckgsh8doU-00125-00025663-00025783 so
4Jckgsh8doU-00126-00025783-00025999 we have no intent of stopping the war
4Jckgsh8doU-00127-00026000-00026214 let's be clear about that
4Jckgsh8doU-00128-00026216-00026462 when it happens to us or when it happens
4Jckgsh8doU-00129-00026463-00026662 close to us we will cry when it's
4Jckgsh8doU-00130-00026663-00026974 happening somewhere else it's drama
4Jckgsh8doU-00131-00026975-00027302 this inhuman attitude towards war and to
4Jckgsh8doU-00132-00027304-00027470 killing and the suffering that other
4Jckgsh8doU-00133-00027472-00027623 people go through
4Jckgsh8doU-00134-00027624-00027774 must
4Jckgsh8doU-00135-00027775-00027999 we must come out of that
4Jckgsh8doU-00136-00028000-00028231 because most evil things have happened
4Jckgsh8doU-00137-00028232-00028390 not necessarily because of evil
4Jckgsh8doU-00138-00028391-00028662 intentions simply apathy
4Jckgsh8doU-00139-00028663-00028927 you sleep through life is sleeping a
4Jckgsh8doU-00140-00028927-00029207 crime hello you sleep a crime no sleep
4Jckgsh8doU-00141-00029208-00029318 is a good thing
4Jckgsh8doU-00142-00029319-00029487 but if you sleep through your life your
4Jckgsh8doU-00143-00029488-00029646 life is a disaster
4Jckgsh8doU-00144-00029647-00029799 that is what is happening to the world
4Jckgsh8doU-00145-00029800-00030014 both in terms of soil both in terms of
4Jckgsh8doU-00146-00030016-00030270 and in terms of war this is what is
4Jckgsh8doU-00147-00030272-00030479 happening we sleep through
4Jckgsh8doU-00148-00030480-00030679 after world war ii we formed league of
4Jckgsh8doU-00149-00030680-00030823 nations we made
4Jckgsh8doU-00150-00030824-00031102 united nations the idea was never again
4Jckgsh8doU-00151-00031103-00031351 such wars will happen right not just for
4Jckgsh8doU-00152-00031352-00031558 europe for the whole world never again
4Jckgsh8doU-00153-00031560-00031735 it will happen
4Jckgsh8doU-00154-00031736-00031831 but
4Jckgsh8doU-00155-00031832-00032055 since then how many wars
4Jckgsh8doU-00156-00032056-00032262 actually if you look at it there's not
4Jckgsh8doU-00157-00032263-00032527 been a single day's break on this planet
4Jckgsh8doU-00158-00032527-00032718 after world war ii
4Jckgsh8doU-00159-00032719-00032911 without at least a battle going on
4Jckgsh8doU-00160-00032912-00033015 somewhere
4Jckgsh8doU-00161-00033016-00033111 so
4Jckgsh8doU-00162-00033112-00033255 we have issues
4Jckgsh8doU-00163-00033256-00033446 we have economic issues we have property
4Jckgsh8doU-00164-00033447-00033759 issues we have issues all right
4Jckgsh8doU-00165-00033760-00033999 if we are civilized enough
4Jckgsh8doU-00166-00034000-00034183 we must this is the idea of setting up
4Jckgsh8doU-00167-00034184-00034407 the united nations that
4Jckgsh8doU-00168-00034408-00034615 we will fight with our words and solve
4Jckgsh8doU-00169-00034616-00034767 our problems
4Jckgsh8doU-00170-00034768-00034967 we are not saying we are not in such a
4Jckgsh8doU-00171-00034968-00035159 la la land that we don't have any issues
4Jckgsh8doU-00172-00035160-00035407 we have issues but this is the idea of
4Jckgsh8doU-00173-00035408-00035630 setting up a platform which would solve
4Jckgsh8doU-00174-00035631-00035902 problems what has happened
4Jckgsh8doU-00175-00035903-00036127 we pushed it to the side and doing what
4Jckgsh8doU-00176-00036128-00036367 we want to eat each other
4Jckgsh8doU-00177-00036368-00036511 so
4Jckgsh8doU-00178-00036512-00036790 20th century 21st century when it began
4Jckgsh8doU-00179-00036791-00037015 everybody said this is 21st century this
4Jckgsh8doU-00180-00037016-00037190 is the age of information this is
4Jckgsh8doU-00181-00037191-00037462 technology this that no wars
4Jckgsh8doU-00182-00037463-00037718 tell me how many wars in 21st century
4Jckgsh8doU-00183-00037719-00037911 how many nations have been destroyed in
4Jckgsh8doU-00184-00037912-00038118 21st century
4Jckgsh8doU-00185-00038119-00038302 many too many
4Jckgsh8doU-00186-00038303-00038567 too many for 22 years isn't it
4Jckgsh8doU-00187-00038568-00038815 so how do we wake up see these are
4Jckgsh8doU-00188-00038816-00038990 things that you can't turn around
4Jckgsh8doU-00189-00038991-00039262 overnight first thing is within your
4Jckgsh8doU-00190-00039263-00039359 hearts
4Jckgsh8doU-00191-00039360-00039615 your anger and hatred must go i must
4Jckgsh8doU-00192-00039616-00039943 tell you this i used to attend a lot of
4Jckgsh8doU-00193-00039944-00040215 world peace conferences at one time
4Jckgsh8doU-00194-00040216-00040407 for about two years two and a half years
4Jckgsh8doU-00195-00040408-00040559 i attended a lot of international
4Jckgsh8doU-00196-00040560-00040846 conferences then i saw for a whole lot
4Jckgsh8doU-00197-00040847-00041095 of people this conference hopping itself
4Jckgsh8doU-00198-00041096-00041255 is a profession they're making a living
4Jckgsh8doU-00199-00041256-00041495 out of it i'm the only idiot sitting
4Jckgsh8doU-00200-00041496-00041615 there thinking
4Jckgsh8doU-00201-00041616-00041799 we are working for
4Jckgsh8doU-00202-00041800-00041886 world peace
4Jckgsh8doU-00203-00041887-00042023 [Applause]
4Jckgsh8doU-00204-00042024-00042358 so i was in a very prominent conference
4Jckgsh8doU-00205-00042359-00042655 42 nobel laureates were participating
4Jckgsh8doU-00206-00042656-00042762 and a few
4Jckgsh8doU-00207-00042763-00043015 ex-heads of state and all that stuff
4Jckgsh8doU-00208-00043016-00043174 because when they are head of state they
4Jckgsh8doU-00209-00043175-00043374 will do war after they retire they will
4Jckgsh8doU-00210-00043375-00043535 talk peace this has been the way of the
4Jckgsh8doU-00211-00043536-00043639 world
4Jckgsh8doU-00212-00043640-00043918 so uh i was here and uh this is the
4Jckgsh8doU-00213-00043919-00044111 third day afternoon
4Jckgsh8doU-00214-00044112-00044383 one particular
4Jckgsh8doU-00215-00044384-00044615 nobel laureate it's his term to turn to
4Jckgsh8doU-00216-00044616-00044855 speak and after that i am speaking
4Jckgsh8doU-00217-00044856-00045087 so he came up and uh there is no this
4Jckgsh8doU-00218-00045088-00045311 podium is a little exposed a proper big
4Jckgsh8doU-00219-00045312-00045502 podium you know the wooden thing
4Jckgsh8doU-00220-00045503-00045711 so he went and stood behind that
4Jckgsh8doU-00221-00045712-00046007 and he opened his file he looked down he
4Jckgsh8doU-00222-00046008-00046327 never lifted up his head up he read 42
4Jckgsh8doU-00223-00046328-00046567 pages and i was sitting in the front row
4Jckgsh8doU-00224-00046568-00046807 trying to grasp every word i'm watching
4Jckgsh8doU-00225-00046808-00047102 every page 42 pages he flipped then i
4Jckgsh8doU-00226-00047103-00047318 look around the hall is absolutely
4Jckgsh8doU-00227-00047319-00047567 peaceful
4Jckgsh8doU-00228-00047568-00047799 because everybody except the security
4Jckgsh8doU-00229-00047800-00048007 and a few staff who are standing
4Jckgsh8doU-00230-00048008-00048262 everybody has fallen asleep
4Jckgsh8doU-00231-00048263-00048439 then i thought this is world peace for
4Jckgsh8doU-00232-00048440-00048902 sure
4Jckgsh8doU-00233-00048903-00049135 then my turn to speak came and i said
4Jckgsh8doU-00234-00049136-00049383 see in the last three days i've heard so
4Jckgsh8doU-00235-00049384-00049630 many bombastic speeches about
4Jckgsh8doU-00236-00049631-00049855 creating world peace
4Jckgsh8doU-00237-00049856-00050071 but i'm asking you sincerely how many of
4Jckgsh8doU-00238-00050072-00050302 you can place your hand on your heart
4Jckgsh8doU-00239-00050303-00050567 and say your mind is peaceful because if
4Jckgsh8doU-00240-00050568-00050758 your mind is not peaceful
4Jckgsh8doU-00241-00050759-00050983 if you can't make your mind peaceful
4Jckgsh8doU-00242-00050984-00051270 making the damn world peaceful is out of
4Jckgsh8doU-00243-00051271-00051470 question
4Jckgsh8doU-00244-00051471-00051711 because what you are seeing in the world
4Jckgsh8doU-00245-00051712-00051911 is a larger manifestation of what's
4Jckgsh8doU-00246-00051912-00052119 happening in human minds isn't it if
4Jckgsh8doU-00247-00052120-00052319 there are you know human beings on this
4Jckgsh8doU-00248-00052320-00052838 planet world is peaceful isn't it
4Jckgsh8doU-00249-00052839-00053015 then i inquired
4Jckgsh8doU-00250-00053016-00053230 then i inquired why in the afternoon
4Jckgsh8doU-00251-00053232-00053423 session everybody has fallen asleep
4Jckgsh8doU-00252-00053424-00053630 uniformly you know there was a certain
4Jckgsh8doU-00253-00053632-00054023 unity about it except me and this reader
4Jckgsh8doU-00254-00054024-00054247 he's not a speaker a reader
4Jckgsh8doU-00255-00054248-00054447 everybody has fallen asleep then i asked
4Jckgsh8doU-00256-00054448-00054671 what happened he said no sir yesterday
4Jckgsh8doU-00257-00054672-00055071 evening there was a bakari festival
4Jckgsh8doU-00258-00055072-00055215 free drink
4Jckgsh8doU-00259-00055216-00055479 so everybody became peaceful
4Jckgsh8doU-00260-00055479-00055663 that was the last world peace conference
4Jckgsh8doU-00261-00055664-00055815 i've entered
4Jckgsh8doU-00262-00055816-00056054 so let us make the wish to make our
4Jckgsh8doU-00263-00056055-00056303 minds peaceful globally and i think all
4Jckgsh8doU-00264-00056304-00056607 god wants to no this is the whole thing
4Jckgsh8doU-00265-00056608-00056966 we can't make everybody's mind peaceful
4Jckgsh8doU-00266-00056967-00057191 you can make yours peaceful i can make
4Jckgsh8doU-00267-00057191-00057407 mind peaceful she can make hers peaceful
4Jckgsh8doU-00268-00057408-00057599 this is the only way it works this is
4Jckgsh8doU-00269-00057600-00057838 the problem we talk about a world we
4Jckgsh8doU-00270-00057839-00058015 talk about a society we talk about a
4Jckgsh8doU-00271-00058016-00058287 human humanity no all these are just
4Jckgsh8doU-00272-00058288-00058623 vocabulary there are only human beings
4Jckgsh8doU-00273-00058624-00058807 if this one and this one
4Jckgsh8doU-00274-00058808-00058999 does not solve their problems the
4Jckgsh8doU-00275-00059000-00059294 world's problems are never gone
4Jckgsh8doU-00276-00059295-00059626 it will manifest in so many ways
4Jckgsh8doU-00277-00059627-00060101 [Applause]
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00000-00000512-00000724 Angela is the committee chair that
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00001-00000725-00000875 organized this thing part of the
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00002-00000876-00001066 Interior committee and she's going to
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00003-00001067-00001366 wrap this up
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00004-00001367-00001775 hi everybody
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00005-00001776-00001991 [Applause]
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00006-00001992-00002189 um so I would like to extend some
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00007-00002190-00002429 personal thank yous to some really
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00008-00002430-00002626 important people
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00009-00002627-00002849 um executive director correction
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00010-00002850-00003335 quarterman Gretchen thank you so much
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00011-00003336-00003599 she's over there by the tent thank you
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00012-00003600-00003833 Gretchen she's still working
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00013-00003834-00004054 um I would like to thank John quarterman
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00014-00004055-00004343 you are a pillar in this community thank
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00015-00004344-00004609 you
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00016-00004610-00004925 I also want to thank our judges JJ roll
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00017-00004926-00005518 where's JJ
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00018-00005519-00005836 Kenji golden and Joe Smothers I know Joe
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00019-00005837-00006125 had to leave them thank you thank you
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00020-00006126-00006406 um I would also like to thank
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00021-00006408-00006623 um everybody on the committee
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00022-00006623-00007525 Sarah J Scotty J John quarterman
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00023-00007526-00007798 thank you
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00024-00007800-00008014 Jen and nurse and somewhere Anders
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00025-00008015-00008195 somewhere summer is not feeling well so
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00026-00008196-00008477 but still thank you and my husband Josh
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00027-00008478-00008746 thank you
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00028-00008747-00008855 um
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00029-00008856-00009167 and thank you Samantha for helping us
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00030-00009168-00009517 with this songwriting Festival
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00031-00009518-00010121 uh thank you Samantha thank you
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00032-00010122-00010385 um and if you are able please help us
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00033-00010386-00010619 tear down some stuff
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00034-00010620-00010846 we thank you again for coming we'll see
4Lt2y8CWqbM-00035-00010847-00011084 you next year
4N2b3bcUGhg-00000-00000000-00000373 [Music]
4N2b3bcUGhg-00001-00000374-00000778 no these seven symbols use them for
4N2b3bcUGhg-00002-00000779-00001064 comparison if you can't believe the
4N2b3bcUGhg-00003-00001065-00001406 music could be embarrassing parallel
4N2b3bcUGhg-00004-00001407-00001634 segments double beam balance compared to
4N2b3bcUGhg-00005-00001635-00001805 regiment's it's the same a man or
4N2b3bcUGhg-00006-00001805-00002023 left-right right-left
4N2b3bcUGhg-00007-00002025-00002227 equality symbolized perfect in step
4N2b3bcUGhg-00008-00002228-00002480 never kind of close to more or less put
4N2b3bcUGhg-00009-00002481-00002633 a squiggle in the line if you want to
4N2b3bcUGhg-00010-00002634-00002867 say esta may not equate it the distance
4N2b3bcUGhg-00011-00002868-00003041 has abated but maybe on a balance scale
4N2b3bcUGhg-00012-00003042-00003245 imperfectly weighed this is what we use
4N2b3bcUGhg-00013-00003246-00003445 if we trim decimal places slight
4N2b3bcUGhg-00014-00003446-00003869 adjustment made it wiggle indicated back
4N2b3bcUGhg-00015-00003870-00004070 to the balance slashed with the talent
4N2b3bcUGhg-00016-00004071-00004292 does not equal this and that a man is
4N2b3bcUGhg-00017-00004293-00004442 anything but sameness with slight
4N2b3bcUGhg-00018-00004443-00004688 alterations to wide deviations left and
4N2b3bcUGhg-00019-00004689-00004897 the right different where they weigh in
4N2b3bcUGhg-00020-00004898-00005168 less then greater then use the same logo
4N2b3bcUGhg-00021-00005169-00005420 forks to the larger one point solo
4N2b3bcUGhg-00022-00005421-00005593 adjacent to the smaller make a make
4N2b3bcUGhg-00023-00005594-00005765 sense shorter end of the symbol lesser
4N2b3bcUGhg-00024-00005766-00005933 number on offense taller piece of
4N2b3bcUGhg-00025-00005934-00006116 comparison value more immense if you
4N2b3bcUGhg-00026-00006117-00006268 just remember this it'll help you make
4N2b3bcUGhg-00027-00006269-00006442 amends when you run a read backwards
4N2b3bcUGhg-00028-00006443-00006664 start at the right and J's lesyk ami
4N2b3bcUGhg-00029-00006665-00006878 Zacchaeus mother jiang to truth stated
4N2b3bcUGhg-00030-00006879-00007067 when you read it both ways three to both
4N2b3bcUGhg-00031-00007068-00007388 ways ways hybrid symbology meaning
4N2b3bcUGhg-00032-00007389-00007583 company x equals simple coupled with the
4N2b3bcUGhg-00033-00007584-00007787 greater or the less is simply indicated
4N2b3bcUGhg-00034-00007788-00007934 that the sides could be equating but
4N2b3bcUGhg-00035-00007934-00008092 also may be on balance check will work
4N2b3bcUGhg-00036-00008093-00008264 up a yeah and there's at least as big as
4N2b3bcUGhg-00037-00008265-00008459 you but could be larger y is supposed to
4N2b3bcUGhg-00038-00008460-00008660 same as W but smaller it's an open
4N2b3bcUGhg-00039-00008661-00008821 option like tennis with the topspin a
4N2b3bcUGhg-00040-00008822-00008987 ball or never rise above the rack and I
4N2b3bcUGhg-00041-00008988-00009099 just chopped in
4N2b3bcUGhg-00042-00009100-00009234 [Music]
4N2b3bcUGhg-00043-00009235-00009609 lowly's seven symbols use them for
4N2b3bcUGhg-00044-00009610-00009895 comparison if you can delete the
4N2b3bcUGhg-00045-00009896-00010205 meanness it could be embarrassing one
4N2b3bcUGhg-00046-00010206-00010477 last caution that I'm holding tightly
4N2b3bcUGhg-00047-00010478-00010751 cherish and comprehend the underground
4N2b3bcUGhg-00048-00010752-00010927 sub-zero power plant where we work at
4N2b3bcUGhg-00049-00010928-00011087 negatives crater may seem less ice it's
4N2b3bcUGhg-00050-00011088-00011227 closer to the surface gets interpreted
4N2b3bcUGhg-00051-00011228-00011434 as better the deeper that we tunnel the
4N2b3bcUGhg-00052-00011435-00011651 father that we are so negative 100 is a
4N2b3bcUGhg-00053-00011652-00011830 smaller value card if we flip against a
4N2b3bcUGhg-00054-00011831-00012101 negative 53 or any other number to us
4N2b3bcUGhg-00055-00012102-00012328 right on your average type a number line
4N2b3bcUGhg-00056-00012329-00012505 hang up on a wall or tip down on the
4N2b3bcUGhg-00057-00012506-00013071 desk or pen a paper troll
4N2b3bcUGhg-00058-00013072-00013610 [Music]
4N2b3bcUGhg-00059-00013611-00013816 you
4NoRRVoxTwM-00000-00002884-00005683 do
4NoRRVoxTwM-00002-00019192-00019400 you
4plwsfFZYL4-00000-00011159-00011459 good evening everyone I want to call
4plwsfFZYL4-00001-00011460-00011684 this meeting of the Durham City Council
4plwsfFZYL4-00002-00011685-00012556 to order on October the 15th 2018 at 7
4plwsfFZYL4-00003-00012557-00012752 o'clock p.m. and certainly want to
4plwsfFZYL4-00004-00012753-00012958 welcome all of you all here tonight and
4plwsfFZYL4-00005-00012959-00013196 we're very very glad that you're here
4plwsfFZYL4-00006-00013197-00013280 with us
4plwsfFZYL4-00007-00013281-00013514 and now I hope you'll join me in a
4plwsfFZYL4-00008-00013515-00015158 moment of silent meditation thank you
4plwsfFZYL4-00009-00015159-00015383 council member Reece would you please
4plwsfFZYL4-00010-00015384-00015549 lead us in the pledge evening mr. mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-00011-00015550-00015728 good evening everyone we have a Boy
4plwsfFZYL4-00012-00015729-00015989 Scout Troop with us tonight it is
4plwsfFZYL4-00013-00015990-00016341 I had a note disappeared yes here we go
4plwsfFZYL4-00014-00016341-00016521 Boy Scout Troop four or five one you
4plwsfFZYL4-00015-00016522-00016680 folks want to come up and help us with
4plwsfFZYL4-00016-00016681-00016880 the pledge that'd be great
4plwsfFZYL4-00017-00016881-00017081 appreciate into everyone else if it's
4plwsfFZYL4-00018-00017082-00017219 your practice dues to do so and if
4plwsfFZYL4-00019-00017220-00017390 you're able please rise as we say the
4plwsfFZYL4-00021-00020640-00021027 thank you very much very much Thank You
4plwsfFZYL4-00022-00021028-00021174 council member and thank you Scouts
4plwsfFZYL4-00023-00021175-00021530 we're glad to have you here and Scout
4plwsfFZYL4-00024-00021531-00022265 masters Madame clerk will you please
4plwsfFZYL4-00025-00022266-00022514 call the roll mayor Schewel your Mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-00026-00022515-00022739 Pro Tem Johnson here council member
4plwsfFZYL4-00027-00022740-00022997 Alston here councilmember Caballero here
4plwsfFZYL4-00028-00022998-00023258 councilmember Freeman councilmember
4plwsfFZYL4-00029-00023259-00024121 Middleton here council member Reece here
4plwsfFZYL4-00030-00024122-00024344 thank you very much madam clerk and now
4plwsfFZYL4-00031-00024345-00024521 we're gonna move to our ceremonial items
4plwsfFZYL4-00032-00024522-00024653 of which we have several wonderful
4plwsfFZYL4-00033-00024654-00024939 ceremonial items tonight and we're gonna
4plwsfFZYL4-00034-00024940-00025178 begin with Community Planning Month and
4plwsfFZYL4-00035-00025179-00025361 I'm going to ask council member Vern
4plwsfFZYL4-00036-00025362-00025524 Anna Austin if she will join me at the
4plwsfFZYL4-00037-00025525-00025670 microphone to do the honors
4plwsfFZYL4-00038-00025672-00025949 and I believe Pat young or the Planning
4plwsfFZYL4-00039-00025950-00027043 Department is here to receive this
4plwsfFZYL4-00040-00027044-00027333 whereas change is constant and affects
4plwsfFZYL4-00041-00027333-00027633 all cities towns suburbs counties urban
4plwsfFZYL4-00042-00027633-00027900 and rural areas and whereas community
4plwsfFZYL4-00043-00027901-00028083 planning and plans can help manage this
4plwsfFZYL4-00044-00028083-00028271 change in a way that provides better
4plwsfFZYL4-00045-00028272-00028485 choices for how people work and live and
4plwsfFZYL4-00046-00028486-00028715 where as a key component of community
4plwsfFZYL4-00047-00028716-00028893 planning is the involvement of Aldermen
4plwsfFZYL4-00048-00028894-00029039 citizens and making choices that
4plwsfFZYL4-00049-00029041-00029258 determine the future quality of life in
4plwsfFZYL4-00050-00029260-00029514 Durham and whereas the full benefits of
4plwsfFZYL4-00051-00029514-00029700 planning requires public officials and
4plwsfFZYL4-00052-00029701-00029889 citizens who understand support and
4plwsfFZYL4-00053-00029889-00030071 demand excellence in planning and plan
4plwsfFZYL4-00054-00030072-00030320 implementation and whereas the month of
4plwsfFZYL4-00055-00030322-00030495 October is designated as national
4plwsfFZYL4-00056-00030495-00030665 community planning month throughout the
4plwsfFZYL4-00057-00030666-00030819 United States of America and its
4plwsfFZYL4-00058-00030820-00031052 territories and whereas the American
4plwsfFZYL4-00059-00031054-00031236 Planning Association and its
4plwsfFZYL4-00060-00031237-00031427 professional Institute the American
4plwsfFZYL4-00061-00031429-00031680 Institute of Certified planners endorsed
4plwsfFZYL4-00062-00031681-00031883 national community planning month as an
4plwsfFZYL4-00063-00031885-00032039 opportunity to highlight the
4plwsfFZYL4-00064-00032041-00032235 contributions planning makes to the
4plwsfFZYL4-00065-00032236-00032400 quality of our community and environment
4plwsfFZYL4-00066-00032401-00032637 and whereas the celebration of national
4plwsfFZYL4-00067-00032638-00032793 community planning month gives us the
4plwsfFZYL4-00068-00032794-00033027 opportunity to publicly recognize the
4plwsfFZYL4-00069-00033028-00033192 participation a dedication of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00070-00033193-00033345 members of Durham's appointed and
4plwsfFZYL4-00071-00033346-00033561 elected boards and commissions and other
4plwsfFZYL4-00072-00033562-00033720 citizen planners who have contributed
4plwsfFZYL4-00073-00033721-00033933 the time and expertise to the
4plwsfFZYL4-00074-00033934-00034086 improvement of the city and county of
4plwsfFZYL4-00075-00034087-00034320 Durham North Carolina and whereas the
4plwsfFZYL4-00076-00034321-00034431 Durham City County Planning Department
4plwsfFZYL4-00077-00034432-00034740 was created 30 years ago on July 1st
4plwsfFZYL4-00078-00034741-00035025 1988 and the recognize that many
4plwsfFZYL4-00079-00035026-00035157 valuable contributions made by
4plwsfFZYL4-00080-00035158-00035333 professional planners of the Durham City
4plwsfFZYL4-00081-00035334-00035550 County Planning Department and extend
4plwsfFZYL4-00082-00035551-00035700 our heartfelt thanks for the continued
4plwsfFZYL4-00083-00035701-00035862 commitment to public service by these
4plwsfFZYL4-00084-00035863-00036108 professionals now therefore I Steven M
4plwsfFZYL4-00085-00036109-00036270 Jewell mayor of the city of Durham North
4plwsfFZYL4-00086-00036271-00036477 Carolina do hereby proclaim the month of
4plwsfFZYL4-00087-00036478-00036744 October 2018 as Community Planning Month
4plwsfFZYL4-00088-00036745-00036954 in Durham and hereby urge all citizens
4plwsfFZYL4-00089-00036955-00037110 to take special note of this observance
4plwsfFZYL4-00090-00037111-00037311 in conjunction with the celebration of
4plwsfFZYL4-00091-00037312-00037490 national community planning month
4plwsfFZYL4-00092-00037491-00037640 witness my hand and the corporate seal
4plwsfFZYL4-00093-00037641-00037812 the city of Durham North Carolina this
4plwsfFZYL4-00094-00037813-00038174 15th day of October 2018
4plwsfFZYL4-00095-00038175-00038865 [Applause]
4plwsfFZYL4-00096-00038866-00039140 thank you so much councilmember Alston
4plwsfFZYL4-00097-00039141-00039346 and mayor stool and members of council
4plwsfFZYL4-00098-00039347-00039710 on behalf of the 60-plus resident
4plwsfFZYL4-00099-00039711-00039965 planners that serve on one of the six
4plwsfFZYL4-00100-00039966-00040124 boards and commissions that you all on
4plwsfFZYL4-00101-00040125-00040301 the county commissioners a point to help
4plwsfFZYL4-00102-00040302-00040448 advise you on planning issues and on
4plwsfFZYL4-00103-00040449-00040643 behalf of our professional planning
4plwsfFZYL4-00104-00040644-00040880 staff really want to thank you for the
4plwsfFZYL4-00105-00040881-00041132 honor of this recognition as you heard
4plwsfFZYL4-00106-00041133-00041320 from councilmember austin this was the
4plwsfFZYL4-00107-00041321-00041582 30th anniversary of the merging of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00108-00041583-00041720 city and county planning departments and
4plwsfFZYL4-00109-00041721-00041876 we believe that cooperation and
4plwsfFZYL4-00110-00041877-00042010 coordination between county and city
4plwsfFZYL4-00111-00042011-00042251 pays dividends for our community every
4plwsfFZYL4-00112-00042252-00042433 day so in celebration of that
4plwsfFZYL4-00113-00042434-00042596 anniversary we're going to be conducting
4plwsfFZYL4-00114-00042597-00042799 30 community planning events over the
4plwsfFZYL4-00115-00042800-00043024 next year 30 for 30 if you will we may
4plwsfFZYL4-00116-00043025-00043187 have stole that idea from somebody else
4plwsfFZYL4-00117-00043188-00043521 but we are gonna have a high school
4plwsfFZYL4-00118-00043522-00043717 group of high school students
4plwsfFZYL4-00119-00043718-00043898 participate in a mock planning
4plwsfFZYL4-00120-00043899-00044065 commission and that's something I don't
4plwsfFZYL4-00121-00044066-00044164 we've done in the past it's always a
4plwsfFZYL4-00122-00044165-00044452 great event and gets students very
4plwsfFZYL4-00123-00044453-00044590 engaged to interested in planning
4plwsfFZYL4-00124-00044591-00044768 concepts we're gonna have an open house
4plwsfFZYL4-00125-00044769-00044893 as we have over the last several years
4plwsfFZYL4-00126-00044894-00045196 we're gonna have a lecture series that's
4plwsfFZYL4-00127-00045197-00045485 gonna get kicked off in December with
4plwsfFZYL4-00128-00045486-00045737 Professor dr. Andrew Whittemore of UNC
4plwsfFZYL4-00129-00045738-00046118 Chapel Hill who is a outstanding urban
4plwsfFZYL4-00130-00046119-00046249 planning professor who's written
4plwsfFZYL4-00131-00046250-00046418 extensively about racial bias and land
4plwsfFZYL4-00132-00046419-00046537 use planning and what we can try to do
4plwsfFZYL4-00133-00046538-00046754 about going forward and most importantly
4plwsfFZYL4-00134-00046755-00046965 we have over a dozen events that are
4plwsfFZYL4-00135-00046966-00047155 community events meeting people where
4plwsfFZYL4-00136-00047156-00047414 they are homeowners associations tennis
4plwsfFZYL4-00137-00047415-00047692 rights groups community organizations
4plwsfFZYL4-00138-00047693-00047939 just meeting with them and listening to
4plwsfFZYL4-00139-00047940-00048058 them answering their questions and
4plwsfFZYL4-00140-00048059-00048232 talking about community planning and
4plwsfFZYL4-00141-00048233-00048464 continuing to enjoy engaging with our
4plwsfFZYL4-00142-00048465-00048640 incredible community here in Durham so
4plwsfFZYL4-00143-00048641-00048868 these will tail with a kickoff of our
4plwsfFZYL4-00144-00048869-00049018 new comprehensive plan and of course our
4plwsfFZYL4-00145-00049019-00049232 efforts to continue to expand housing
4plwsfFZYL4-00146-00049233-00049412 choices and you'll see a lot more about
4plwsfFZYL4-00147-00049413-00049604 that over the coming months so thanks
4plwsfFZYL4-00148-00049605-00049718 again for your support of community
4plwsfFZYL4-00149-00049719-00049877 planning and this honor we sure
4plwsfFZYL4-00150-00049878-00050017 appreciate it
4plwsfFZYL4-00151-00050018-00050736 [Applause]
4plwsfFZYL4-00152-00050737-00050971 Thank You councilmember Austin and thank
4plwsfFZYL4-00153-00050972-00051127 you very much Pat those sound like
4plwsfFZYL4-00154-00051128-00051439 fantastic events to be held over this
4plwsfFZYL4-00155-00051440-00051662 next period of time and I just am really
4plwsfFZYL4-00156-00051663-00051950 excited about that and now we're going
4plwsfFZYL4-00157-00051951-00052264 to welcome dr. Elaine Hart brothers up
4plwsfFZYL4-00158-00052265-00052606 to this microphone for Community
4plwsfFZYL4-00159-00052607-00052874 Engagement Month dr. Hart Brothers is
4plwsfFZYL4-00160-00052875-00053000 president the board of the community
4plwsfFZYL4-00161-00053001-00053213 health coalition and if you have others
4plwsfFZYL4-00162-00053214-00053396 dr. Hart brothers that you would like to
4plwsfFZYL4-00163-00053397-00053588 have with you please have them come on
4plwsfFZYL4-00165-00056933-00057203 good I'm gonna read this program and
4plwsfFZYL4-00166-00057204-00057347 then I'm going to turn this i'ma read
4plwsfFZYL4-00167-00057348-00057488 this Proclamation would turn this over
4plwsfFZYL4-00168-00057489-00057681 to you dr. Hart brothers
4plwsfFZYL4-00169-00057682-00057923 whereas health programs and services
4plwsfFZYL4-00170-00057924-00058081 should be supported and endorsed by the
4plwsfFZYL4-00171-00058082-00058282 communities and populations identified
4plwsfFZYL4-00172-00058283-00058478 to receive the services with an
4plwsfFZYL4-00173-00058479-00058766 invitation and opening for community
4plwsfFZYL4-00174-00058766-00058997 representatives at the table and whereas
4plwsfFZYL4-00175-00058998-00059174 health programs and services with a goal
4plwsfFZYL4-00176-00059175-00059354 of eliminating health disparities and
4plwsfFZYL4-00177-00059354-00059540 increasing health equity must be based
4plwsfFZYL4-00178-00059541-00059774 on input and needs identified by the
4plwsfFZYL4-00179-00059775-00059875 community with all participants
4plwsfFZYL4-00180-00059876-00060166 considered as experts and whereas the
4plwsfFZYL4-00181-00060167-00060359 extent and timeframe of health services
4plwsfFZYL4-00182-00060360-00060560 and programs should be communicated
4plwsfFZYL4-00183-00060561-00060698 clearly to the community and
4plwsfFZYL4-00184-00060699-00060866 disseminated in a timely manner and
4plwsfFZYL4-00185-00060866-00061105 whereas health disparities identified
4plwsfFZYL4-00186-00061107-00061225 through collaboration with community
4plwsfFZYL4-00187-00061226-00061436 and/or community-based organizations
4plwsfFZYL4-00188-00061437-00061604 need to be measured tracked and reported
4plwsfFZYL4-00189-00061604-00061843 at regular intervals and whereas
4plwsfFZYL4-00190-00061844-00062021 recognizing the value the community
4plwsfFZYL4-00191-00062022-00062174 partners bring to the table when
4plwsfFZYL4-00192-00062175-00062384 possible and mutually agreed-upon be
4plwsfFZYL4-00193-00062385-00062566 compensated for their valuable input in
4plwsfFZYL4-00194-00062567-00062822 a timely manner and whereas resources
4plwsfFZYL4-00195-00062823-00062987 and skill sets should be shared and made
4plwsfFZYL4-00196-00062988-00063205 available to enhance all partners with
4plwsfFZYL4-00197-00063206-00063326 the intention that partnership
4plwsfFZYL4-00198-00063327-00063477 relationships
4plwsfFZYL4-00199-00063478-00063666 should be long-term and continued the
4plwsfFZYL4-00200-00063666-00063861 same or similar purposes are pursued and
4plwsfFZYL4-00201-00063862-00064008 whereas the Community Health coalition
4plwsfFZYL4-00202-00064009-00064257 that brings together the resources of
4plwsfFZYL4-00203-00064258-00064442 existing organizations agencies and
4plwsfFZYL4-00204-00064444-00064608 others including churches and community
4plwsfFZYL4-00205-00064609-00064659 groups
4plwsfFZYL4-00206-00064660-00064884 now therefore I Steven M xual mayor the
4plwsfFZYL4-00207-00064885-00065052 city of Durham North Carolina do hereby
4plwsfFZYL4-00208-00065053-00065346 proclaim the month of October 2018 as
4plwsfFZYL4-00209-00065347-00065556 community engagement month in the city
4plwsfFZYL4-00210-00065557-00065754 of Durham and hereby encourage and call
4plwsfFZYL4-00211-00065755-00065913 upon the citizens of Durham to observe
4plwsfFZYL4-00212-00065914-00066093 saying witness my hand and the corporate
4plwsfFZYL4-00213-00066094-00066237 seal the city of Durham North Carolina
4plwsfFZYL4-00214-00066238-00066820 is the 15th day of October 2018
4plwsfFZYL4-00215-00066821-00067550 [Applause]
4plwsfFZYL4-00216-00067551-00068000 good evening Thank You mayor for
4plwsfFZYL4-00217-00068001-00068312 officially recognizing the unique
4plwsfFZYL4-00218-00068313-00068580 crucial trustworthy role of
4plwsfFZYL4-00219-00068581-00068766 community-based organizations in Durham
4plwsfFZYL4-00220-00068767-00068976 North Carolina will the Community Health
4plwsfFZYL4-00221-00068977-00069285 coalition stand some of our members are
4plwsfFZYL4-00222-00069286-00069597 here please stand and our special
4plwsfFZYL4-00223-00069598-00069834 partners we have different partners to
4plwsfFZYL4-00224-00069835-00070526 stand also we were founded in 1989
4plwsfFZYL4-00225-00070527-00070880 looking forward to our 30th year and our
4plwsfFZYL4-00226-00070881-00071304 celebration may 30th 2018 we're looking
4plwsfFZYL4-00227-00071305-00071634 forward to our vision a society in which
4plwsfFZYL4-00228-00071635-00071862 all people live long healthy active
4plwsfFZYL4-00229-00071863-00072224 lives full of purpose and promise
4plwsfFZYL4-00230-00072225-00072506 community health coalition reaches
4plwsfFZYL4-00231-00072507-00072753 34,000 people through education with
4plwsfFZYL4-00232-00072754-00072975 health tips health promotion advocacy
4plwsfFZYL4-00233-00072976-00073242 organ donation health management and
4plwsfFZYL4-00234-00073243-00073590 referrals we left a few people outside
4plwsfFZYL4-00235-00073591-00073833 they're coming in now so that if someone
4plwsfFZYL4-00236-00073834-00073998 asks the mirror could say we were
4plwsfFZYL4-00237-00073999-00074382 outstanding I left them outside all
4plwsfFZYL4-00238-00074383-00074672 right we are the green machine
4plwsfFZYL4-00239-00074673-00074972 our mission led us to the proclamation
4plwsfFZYL4-00240-00074973-00075213 our mission being the community health
4plwsfFZYL4-00241-00075214-00075441 coalition and its partners strive to
4plwsfFZYL4-00242-00075442-00075693 achieve health equity and to eliminate
4plwsfFZYL4-00243-00075694-00075957 racial health disparities in Durham and
4plwsfFZYL4-00244-00075958-00076221 the surrounding areas we are here today
4plwsfFZYL4-00245-00076222-00076563 to boldly advocate for share of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00246-00076564-00076803 resources in planning data
4plwsfFZYL4-00247-00076804-00077055 maintainer programs we want true
4plwsfFZYL4-00248-00077056-00077385 inclusion and we focus on
4plwsfFZYL4-00249-00077386-00077556 african-americans and the underserved
4plwsfFZYL4-00250-00077557-00077893 population we feel government
4plwsfFZYL4-00251-00077894-00078106 institutions like Duke and other
4plwsfFZYL4-00252-00078107-00078285 organizations and large corporations
4plwsfFZYL4-00253-00078286-00078735 cannot truly heal Society please give
4plwsfFZYL4-00254-00078736-00079016 the citizens a sense of belonging and
4plwsfFZYL4-00255-00079017-00079468 partnership of power as you know mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-00256-00079469-00079692 transportation safety housing police
4plwsfFZYL4-00257-00079693-00079893 arts waste environment they're all
4plwsfFZYL4-00258-00079894-00080162 health-related and we at the coalition
4plwsfFZYL4-00259-00080163-00080393 work with the areas that have been
4plwsfFZYL4-00260-00080394-00080598 reached by priorities and health
4plwsfFZYL4-00261-00080599-00080818 assessment mental health health access
4plwsfFZYL4-00262-00080819-00081206 diabetes mental health we mentioned food
4plwsfFZYL4-00263-00081207-00081407 access these are all priorities these
4plwsfFZYL4-00264-00081408-00081698 are what we do we cover and we educate
4plwsfFZYL4-00265-00081699-00082035 black lives matter and not just for
4plwsfFZYL4-00266-00082036-00082415 violence but in cancer cardiac deaths
4plwsfFZYL4-00267-00082416-00082751 infant deaths where mortalities are
4plwsfFZYL4-00268-00082752-00083097 linked to racial inequalities the
4plwsfFZYL4-00269-00083098-00083415 challenge is to act not just support
4plwsfFZYL4-00270-00083416-00083685 with words the nonprofit's
4plwsfFZYL4-00271-00083686-00083922 are threads that are woven together for
4plwsfFZYL4-00272-00083923-00084267 our city the community health coalition
4plwsfFZYL4-00273-00084268-00084656 is of and for the community also I want
4plwsfFZYL4-00274-00084657-00084800 the City Council and the mayor to
4plwsfFZYL4-00275-00084801-00085001 realize that funds are needed to support
4plwsfFZYL4-00276-00085002-00085226 these community-based organizations and
4plwsfFZYL4-00277-00085227-00085687 programs so thank you health is wealth a
4plwsfFZYL4-00278-00085688-00087251 healthy community includes you all right
4plwsfFZYL4-00279-00087252-00087585 thank you so very much dr. Hart brothers
4plwsfFZYL4-00280-00087586-00087816 and for your group for being here I see
4plwsfFZYL4-00281-00087817-00088080 you included former mayor pro-tem Cora
4plwsfFZYL4-00282-00088081-00088374 cole-mcfadden amongst your group which
4plwsfFZYL4-00283-00088375-00088757 we do not hold against you we always
4plwsfFZYL4-00284-00088758-00088962 welcome her here it's wonderful to see
4plwsfFZYL4-00285-00088963-00089393 her here back in the chambers and now
4plwsfFZYL4-00286-00089394-00089640 I'm going to ask Mayor Pro Tem Jillian
4plwsfFZYL4-00287-00089641-00089985 Johnson if she will join me for the
4plwsfFZYL4-00288-00089986-00090141 presentation of national
4plwsfFZYL4-00289-00090142-00090665 ability employment awareness I'm sorry
4plwsfFZYL4-00290-00090666-00090938 you're after this I'm sorry did you
4plwsfFZYL4-00291-00090939-00091332 apologize didn't see there okay mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-00292-00091333-00092090 pro-tem thank you everyone
4plwsfFZYL4-00293-00092091-00092387 sorry I believe that the folks from
4plwsfFZYL4-00294-00092388-00092688 Marcela Marcela Scurlock Jonas please
4plwsfFZYL4-00295-00092689-00093014 come forward are there other people
4plwsfFZYL4-00296-00093015-00093228 Marcel are there other people are coming
4plwsfFZYL4-00297-00093229-00093594 forward with you okay thank you thank
4plwsfFZYL4-00298-00093595-00093783 you for being here and thank you mr.
4plwsfFZYL4-00299-00093784-00093981 mayor for the opportunity to present
4plwsfFZYL4-00300-00093982-00094245 this proclamation for National
4plwsfFZYL4-00301-00094246-00094445 Disability Employment Awareness Month
4plwsfFZYL4-00302-00094446-00094677 whereas workplaces welcoming of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00303-00094678-00094851 talents of all people including people
4plwsfFZYL4-00304-00094852-00095052 with disabilities are a critical part of
4plwsfFZYL4-00305-00095053-00095184 our efforts to build an inclusive
4plwsfFZYL4-00306-00095185-00095499 community and strong economy and whereas
4plwsfFZYL4-00307-00095500-00095697 in this spirit the spirit city of Durham
4plwsfFZYL4-00308-00095698-00095850 is recognizing National Disability
4plwsfFZYL4-00309-00095851-00096078 Employment Awareness Month in October
4plwsfFZYL4-00310-00096079-00096372 and whereas the city of Durham's mayor's
4plwsfFZYL4-00311-00096373-00096564 committee for persons with disabilities
4plwsfFZYL4-00312-00096565-00096804 will honor employers who recognize the
4plwsfFZYL4-00313-00096805-00096954 value and talent people with
4plwsfFZYL4-00314-00096955-00097161 disabilities add to our workplaces and
4plwsfFZYL4-00315-00097162-00097413 communities during this month now
4plwsfFZYL4-00316-00097414-00097644 therefore I Steven M shul Mayor of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00317-00097645-00097818 City of Durham North Carolina do hereby
4plwsfFZYL4-00318-00097819-00098157 proclaim October 2018 as National
4plwsfFZYL4-00319-00098158-00098370 Disability Employment Awareness Month in
4plwsfFZYL4-00320-00098371-00098661 Durham and hereby urge employers schools
4plwsfFZYL4-00321-00098662-00098856 and other community organizations in
4plwsfFZYL4-00322-00098857-00098970 Durham North Carolina
4plwsfFZYL4-00323-00098971-00099174 to observe this month with appropriate
4plwsfFZYL4-00324-00099175-00099384 programs and activities and to advance
4plwsfFZYL4-00325-00099385-00099567 its important message that people with
4plwsfFZYL4-00326-00099568-00099741 disabilities are equal to the task
4plwsfFZYL4-00327-00099742-00099972 throughout the year witness my hand and
4plwsfFZYL4-00328-00099973-00100116 the corporate seal of the city of Durham
4plwsfFZYL4-00329-00100117-00100353 North Carolina this 15th day of October
4plwsfFZYL4-00330-00100354-00100880 2018
4plwsfFZYL4-00331-00100881-00101441 I want to thank the mayor City Council
4plwsfFZYL4-00332-00101442-00101876 mr. deverel Giles um I'd like to also
4plwsfFZYL4-00333-00101877-00102257 remind everybody of our annual event
4plwsfFZYL4-00334-00102258-00102471 that we are planning to be held here in
4plwsfFZYL4-00335-00102472-00102710 City Council in the city hall city
4plwsfFZYL4-00336-00102711-00102776 chambers
4plwsfFZYL4-00337-00102777-00103103 October 25th begins at 6 o'clock p.m.
4plwsfFZYL4-00338-00103104-00103340 with the freshman's to be served later
4plwsfFZYL4-00339-00103341-00104228 once again thank you Marcela is the
4plwsfFZYL4-00340-00104229-00104666 chair of our the mayor's committee for
4plwsfFZYL4-00341-00104667-00104915 persons with disabilities and it's great
4plwsfFZYL4-00342-00104916-00105137 to have you here and it was also a
4plwsfFZYL4-00343-00105138-00105302 wonderful event this past Saturday
4plwsfFZYL4-00344-00105303-00105522 disable the label at Northgate Mall that
4plwsfFZYL4-00345-00105523-00105894 many of you all attended and her next
4plwsfFZYL4-00346-00105895-00106076 proclamation is for indigenous peoples
4plwsfFZYL4-00347-00106077-00106347 day and I'm going to ask council member
4plwsfFZYL4-00348-00106348-00106506 dgb on a Freeman to join me and I see
4plwsfFZYL4-00349-00106507-00106736 she already has as well as as well as
4plwsfFZYL4-00350-00106737-00106974 tribal chairperson William a Tony Hayes
4plwsfFZYL4-00351-00106975-00107141 from the Oconee Chi band of the saponin
4plwsfFZYL4-00352-00107142-00108838 Nation thank you ma'am
4plwsfFZYL4-00353-00108839-00109109 whereas indigenous peoples Day was first
4plwsfFZYL4-00354-00109110-00109454 proposed in 1977 by the delegation of
4plwsfFZYL4-00355-00109455-00109707 Native Nations to the International
4plwsfFZYL4-00356-00109708-00109916 Conference on discrimination against
4plwsfFZYL4-00357-00109917-00110124 indigenous populations in America and
4plwsfFZYL4-00358-00110125-00110402 whereas the United States endorsed the
4plwsfFZYL4-00359-00110403-00110615 United Nations declaration on the rights
4plwsfFZYL4-00360-00110616-00110861 of indigenous people the declaration on
4plwsfFZYL4-00361-00110862-00111239 December 16th 2010 and the declaration
4plwsfFZYL4-00362-00111240-00111413 recognizes that the indigenous people
4plwsfFZYL4-00363-00111414-00111641 have suffered from historic and justices
4plwsfFZYL4-00364-00111642-00112016 as a result of the inner Ilias their
4plwsfFZYL4-00365-00112017-00112259 karlik colonization and disposition of
4plwsfFZYL4-00366-00112260-00112454 their lands territories and resources
4plwsfFZYL4-00367-00112455-00112688 and whereas the city of durham
4plwsfFZYL4-00368-00112689-00112964 recognizes that it was founded and built
4plwsfFZYL4-00369-00112965-00113199 upon lands first inhabited by the
4plwsfFZYL4-00370-00113200-00113384 indigenous peoples of this region and
4plwsfFZYL4-00371-00113385-00113697 acknowledges the honors acknowledges and
4plwsfFZYL4-00372-00113698-00113919 honors these members of the community
4plwsfFZYL4-00373-00113920-00114203 both past and present Native American
4plwsfFZYL4-00374-00114204-00114249 tribe
4plwsfFZYL4-00375-00114250-00114627 the eno in the Okanagan Ichi related to
4plwsfFZYL4-00376-00114628-00114835 the sixth power lived farmed
4plwsfFZYL4-00377-00114836-00115166 establishing lived and farm establishing
4plwsfFZYL4-00378-00115167-00115433 the molding Durham settlement sites
4plwsfFZYL4-00379-00115433-00115583 transportation routes and
4plwsfFZYL4-00380-00115584-00115784 environmentally friendly patterns of
4plwsfFZYL4-00381-00115785-00116133 natural resources and the ancient Native
4plwsfFZYL4-00382-00116133-00116428 American villages named ash Turner
4plwsfFZYL4-00383-00116429-00116609 according to the North Carolina
4plwsfFZYL4-00384-00116610-00116834 collection of the Durham County Library
4plwsfFZYL4-00385-00116835-00117051 and whereas a growing number of cities
4plwsfFZYL4-00386-00117052-00117227 and towns in the United States have
4plwsfFZYL4-00387-00117228-00117479 recognized the second Monday of October
4plwsfFZYL4-00388-00117480-00117836 as indigenous peoples day an opportunity
4plwsfFZYL4-00389-00117838-00118010 to learn and celebrate indigenous
4plwsfFZYL4-00390-00118011-00118283 heritage and resilience and whereas the
4plwsfFZYL4-00391-00118284-00118436 city of Durham recognizes that the
4plwsfFZYL4-00392-00118438-00118661 indigenous people of the lands that
4plwsfFZYL4-00393-00118663-00118902 would later become known as the Americas
4plwsfFZYL4-00394-00118903-00119157 have have occupied these lands since
4plwsfFZYL4-00395-00119158-00119702 this time immemorial thou whom the
4plwsfFZYL4-00396-00119703-00119868 creation of this country would not be
4plwsfFZYL4-00397-00119869-00119931 possible
4plwsfFZYL4-00398-00119932-00120318 now therefore I Stephen M mayor of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00399-00120319-00120507 city of Durham North Carolina do here
4plwsfFZYL4-00400-00120508-00120884 proclaim October 15th 2018 as indigenous
4plwsfFZYL4-00401-00120885-00121184 people day in Durham and hereby urge all
4plwsfFZYL4-00402-00121185-00121539 citizens to honor and distinct heritage
4plwsfFZYL4-00403-00121540-00121773 honor the distinct heritage of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00404-00121774-00121944 indigenous community and their
4plwsfFZYL4-00405-00121945-00122169 contributions to our city state and
4plwsfFZYL4-00406-00122170-00122481 nation and by participating in relevant
4plwsfFZYL4-00407-00122482-00122686 ceremonies activities and programs
4plwsfFZYL4-00408-00122688-00122898 witness my hand and the corporate seal
4plwsfFZYL4-00409-00122899-00123086 of the city of Durham North Carolina
4plwsfFZYL4-00410-00123088-00123556 this 15th day of October 2018
4plwsfFZYL4-00411-00123557-00124869 [Applause]
4plwsfFZYL4-00412-00124870-00125253 good evening Thank You council member
4plwsfFZYL4-00413-00125254-00125529 Freeman mr. mayor City Council and staff
4plwsfFZYL4-00414-00125530-00126015 I am Tony Hayes I'm the tribal chairman
4plwsfFZYL4-00415-00126016-00126132 of the Oconee G saponin
4plwsfFZYL4-00416-00126133-00126444 it's a pony tribe and I accept this
4plwsfFZYL4-00417-00126445-00126681 recognition on behalf of the Oconee
4plwsfFZYL4-00418-00126682-00126951 tribe and all the native citizens living
4plwsfFZYL4-00419-00126952-00127269 working and contributing around the
4plwsfFZYL4-00420-00127270-00127530 Durham area and the surrounding triangle
4plwsfFZYL4-00421-00127531-00128046 I accept this award and I'm touched by
4plwsfFZYL4-00422-00128047-00128433 this in the spirit of an ongoing effort
4plwsfFZYL4-00423-00128433-00128748 of reciprocal inclusion thank you so
4plwsfFZYL4-00424-00128749-00129831 much thank you to council member Freeman
4plwsfFZYL4-00425-00129832-00129978 for bringing us that important
4plwsfFZYL4-00426-00129979-00130194 proclamation I'm wondering if the Boy
4plwsfFZYL4-00427-00130195-00130407 Scouts present are members of the Oconee
4plwsfFZYL4-00428-00130408-00130578 Qi Council are you all members of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00429-00130579-00130863 Oconee Qi Council I was also a member of
4plwsfFZYL4-00430-00130864-00131067 the ocean konnichi Council a long long
4plwsfFZYL4-00431-00131068-00131163 time ago
4plwsfFZYL4-00432-00131164-00131469 and so it's good to great to make that
4plwsfFZYL4-00433-00131470-00131685 connection with the indigenous peoples
4plwsfFZYL4-00434-00131686-00131916 of North Carolina and thank you for
4plwsfFZYL4-00435-00131917-00132510 being here now we're going to move to
4plwsfFZYL4-00436-00132511-00132962 our neighborhood spotlight recipient
4plwsfFZYL4-00437-00132963-00133503 senior senior Luna porfavor Venga e una
4plwsfFZYL4-00438-00133504-00133941 say Amy and L microphone o e porfavor
4plwsfFZYL4-00439-00133942-00134334 traiga cualquier miembro de su familia
4plwsfFZYL4-00440-00134335-00136154 que este owners dead
4plwsfFZYL4-00441-00136155-00136485 Victor Vasquez Luna SLE recipient a de
4plwsfFZYL4-00442-00136486-00136812 la luce pública de vecinos para el más
4plwsfFZYL4-00443-00136813-00137301 de octubre and l annual 2018 este
4plwsfFZYL4-00444-00137302-00137604 programa reckon o say a resident s in
4plwsfFZYL4-00445-00137605-00138045 durham k an e de mucho mas aia paura mia
4plwsfFZYL4-00446-00138046-00138542 mejor are las comunidades a durham stas
4plwsfFZYL4-00447-00138543-00138924 Victor Vasquez Luna on Resident a
4plwsfFZYL4-00448-00138925-00139128 Boulevard Norte Miami
4plwsfFZYL4-00449-00139129-00139509 Dwayne Amon ro e elegido el el ejido por
4plwsfFZYL4-00450-00139510-00139986 el morado so trabajo que Rho in service
4plwsfFZYL4-00451-00139987-00140612 in Dario incluyen de Casas como siempre
4plwsfFZYL4-00452-00140613-00140928 dragon tanto como puede ayudar a su
4plwsfFZYL4-00453-00140929-00141212 spiciness is a guerre adelante
4plwsfFZYL4-00454-00141213-00141591 proportion Ando ayuda Essaouira may I
4plwsfFZYL4-00455-00141592-00141840 say sir army ant oh I struggled with
4plwsfFZYL4-00456-00141841-00141990 that one earlier today as well
4plwsfFZYL4-00457-00141991-00142269 no solicited oohs aahs oohs vecinos con
4plwsfFZYL4-00458-00142270-00142668 projectors era para co NS del agua por
4plwsfFZYL4-00459-00142669-00142896 hablar con sus vecinos sobre la
4plwsfFZYL4-00460-00142897-00143220 importancia de la comunidad in Tracy is
4plwsfFZYL4-00461-00143221-00143484 ser un miembro de la comunidad yellow
4plwsfFZYL4-00462-00143485-00143856 Sequoia comprar compliment IDO you near
4plwsfFZYL4-00463-00143857-00144375 a service in Dario a burger a burger por
4plwsfFZYL4-00464-00144376-00144630 sus vecinos he fastened Dario yonder I
4plwsfFZYL4-00465-00144631-00145005 owned a you Dondo Amata a Montaner low
4plwsfFZYL4-00466-00145006-00145413 limpio y el mozo felicitous honest Senor
4plwsfFZYL4-00467-00145414-00145683 Vasquez's luna por ser la luz Publica
4plwsfFZYL4-00468-00145684-00146019 that de vecinos para el más to Octubre
4plwsfFZYL4-00469-00146020-00146361 in la ciudad de durham gracias para todo
4plwsfFZYL4-00470-00146362-00146664 el trabajo que hace para mayor are a
4plwsfFZYL4-00471-00146665-00147117 community at the durham see i ultros
4plwsfFZYL4-00472-00147118-00147435 resident sk and Veneto para apoyar as
4plwsfFZYL4-00473-00147436-00148349 senior Velasquez porfavor say pon da da
4plwsfFZYL4-00474-00148350-00149280 [Applause]
4plwsfFZYL4-00475-00149281-00149542 and in English since I know you don't
4plwsfFZYL4-00476-00149543-00149713 understand my Spanish very well and the
4plwsfFZYL4-00477-00149714-00149976 neither did to the Spanish speakers
4plwsfFZYL4-00478-00149977-00150247 Victor Vasquez Luna is the recipient of
4plwsfFZYL4-00479-00150248-00150382 the neighbors spotlight for the month of
4plwsfFZYL4-00480-00150383-00150643 October 2018 the neighbor spotlight
4plwsfFZYL4-00481-00150644-00150817 award recognizes community members that
4plwsfFZYL4-00482-00150818-00150931 have gone above and beyond and
4plwsfFZYL4-00483-00150932-00151060 volunteering their time to serve the
4plwsfFZYL4-00484-00151061-00151321 community this month Victor Vasquez Luna
4plwsfFZYL4-00485-00151322-00151540 a resident of North Miami Boulevard was
4plwsfFZYL4-00486-00151541-00151696 nominated and selected because the
4plwsfFZYL4-00487-00151697-00151822 wonderful work he has done in his
4plwsfFZYL4-00488-00151823-00151945 neighborhood including but not limited
4plwsfFZYL4-00489-00151946-00152218 to always asking how he can help his
4plwsfFZYL4-00490-00152219-00152350 neighbors and following through
4plwsfFZYL4-00491-00152351-00152551 by providing unsolicited help and advice
4plwsfFZYL4-00492-00152552-00152704 to his neighbors with home projects and
4plwsfFZYL4-00493-00152705-00152917 repairs for speaking to his neighbors
4plwsfFZYL4-00494-00152918-00153052 about the importance of community
4plwsfFZYL4-00495-00153053-00153217 amongst each other and being a
4plwsfFZYL4-00496-00153218-00153391 supportive community member committed to
4plwsfFZYL4-00497-00153392-00153643 bringing everyone together advocating on
4plwsfFZYL4-00498-00153644-00153784 behalf of his neighbors and helping to
4plwsfFZYL4-00499-00153785-00153916 maintain a clean and beautiful
4plwsfFZYL4-00500-00153917-00154180 neighborhood congratulations mr. Vasquez
4plwsfFZYL4-00501-00154181-00154351 Luna on being the October neighborhood
4plwsfFZYL4-00502-00154352-00154510 spotlight for the city of Durham and
4plwsfFZYL4-00503-00154511-00154720 thank you for all the work you do to
4plwsfFZYL4-00504-00154721-00154951 improve our own community and we're glad
4plwsfFZYL4-00505-00154952-00155170 to have the other residents of his
4plwsfFZYL4-00506-00155171-00155311 neighborhood and friends who have shown
4plwsfFZYL4-00507-00155312-00155509 up in support we're glad to have you
4plwsfFZYL4-00508-00155510-00155827 here tonight and I am going to now turn
4plwsfFZYL4-00509-00155828-00156049 the microphone over to mr. Vasquez Luna
4plwsfFZYL4-00510-00156050-00156301 and Carmen Ortiz is going to be
4plwsfFZYL4-00511-00156302-00156655 translating for us so mr. Vasquez
4plwsfFZYL4-00512-00156656-00157665 [Applause]
4plwsfFZYL4-00513-00157666-00157951 present is the mistletoe muy contento
4plwsfFZYL4-00514-00157952-00159433 por estar aqui con ustedes e estamos muy
4plwsfFZYL4-00515-00159434-00159694 Agreda sido content' okay cuenta la
4plwsfFZYL4-00516-00159695-00160060 comunidad latina por que nosotros e que
4plwsfFZYL4-00517-00160061-00160384 venimos a este pais a trabajar alta min
4plwsfFZYL4-00518-00160385-00160741 con con la ciudad y tratar de hacer
4plwsfFZYL4-00519-00160742-00161161 cosas buenas yo hacer cosas malas I'm
4plwsfFZYL4-00520-00161162-00161329 very happy to be here and very thankful
4plwsfFZYL4-00521-00161330-00161584 that our the Latino community is
4plwsfFZYL4-00522-00161585-00161752 acknowledged here we
4plwsfFZYL4-00523-00161753-00162124 come here to work harden here Yvonne ovn
4plwsfFZYL4-00524-00162125-00162427 con todos los ciudadanos que viven Akio
4plwsfFZYL4-00525-00162428-00162763 vivimos en esta ciudad y comport are no
4plwsfFZYL4-00526-00162764-00163066 bien hacer el being in all mud to get
4plwsfFZYL4-00527-00163067-00163288 along with everybody and to do well and
4plwsfFZYL4-00528-00163289-00163657 to get along with her neighbors y todo
4plwsfFZYL4-00529-00163658-00163810 me vecino por ver may accompany ah
4plwsfFZYL4-00530-00163811-00164014 doe-eyed army s apoyo y tomar mein
4plwsfFZYL4-00531-00164015-00164239 cuenta comme un vecino and i'm thankful
4plwsfFZYL4-00532-00164240-00164535 for all my neighbors to being here and
4plwsfFZYL4-00533-00164536-00165024 acknowledging me as a good neighbor and
4plwsfFZYL4-00534-00165025-00167301 [Applause]
4plwsfFZYL4-00535-00167302-00167641 finally our last ceremonial item in a
4plwsfFZYL4-00536-00167642-00167845 night of beautiful ceremonial items i
4plwsfFZYL4-00537-00167846-00168178 must say is we will now hear from our
4plwsfFZYL4-00538-00168179-00168415 public historian our former city council
4plwsfFZYL4-00539-00168416-00168529 colleague Eddie Davis with a
4plwsfFZYL4-00540-00168530-00170083 presentation gracias Senor mayor I'm
4plwsfFZYL4-00541-00170084-00170329 very impressed with your a lingual
4plwsfFZYL4-00542-00170330-00170682 abilities I think it's wonderful that we
4plwsfFZYL4-00543-00170683-00171136 are able to hear the a different
4plwsfFZYL4-00544-00171137-00171343 language spoken it gives us an
4plwsfFZYL4-00545-00171344-00171577 opportunity to understand if we don't
4plwsfFZYL4-00546-00171578-00171763 understand what other people may be
4plwsfFZYL4-00547-00171764-00172218 going through often so I appreciate your
4plwsfFZYL4-00548-00172219-00172591 work and hello to you mr. mayor Mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-00549-00172592-00172900 Pro Tem members of the council mr.
4plwsfFZYL4-00550-00172901-00173058 manager mr. attorney
4plwsfFZYL4-00551-00173059-00173392 Madame clerk and all the members of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00552-00173393-00173754 staff in the community
4plwsfFZYL4-00553-00173755-00174093 in about one month Durham the United
4plwsfFZYL4-00554-00174094-00174381 States and the world will recognize and
4plwsfFZYL4-00555-00174382-00174627 commemorate the 100th anniversary of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00556-00174628-00174984 end of a multi nation armed conflict
4plwsfFZYL4-00557-00174985-00175236 that has come to be known as world war
4plwsfFZYL4-00558-00175237-00175557 one as the residents of Durham County
4plwsfFZYL4-00559-00175558-00175779 approached a centennial of the armistice
4plwsfFZYL4-00560-00175780-00176109 treaty which was Acula actualized at the
4plwsfFZYL4-00561-00176110-00176388 11th hour on the 11th day of the 11th
4plwsfFZYL4-00562-00176389-00176733 month in 1918 it is important for us to
4plwsfFZYL4-00563-00176734-00177045 recognize that the very first monument
4plwsfFZYL4-00564-00177046-00177246 that was erected on the square in front
4plwsfFZYL4-00565-00177247-00177466 of the old Durham County Courthouse
4plwsfFZYL4-00566-00177467-00177738 honors the soldiers and sailors who gave
4plwsfFZYL4-00567-00177739-00177966 their lives during the time that the
4plwsfFZYL4-00568-00177967-00178149 United States was involved in that war
4plwsfFZYL4-00569-00178150-00178503 the Armistice which refers to the
4plwsfFZYL4-00570-00178504-00178749 putting down of weapons that are carried
4plwsfFZYL4-00571-00178750-00179129 in one's arms into fighting on land sea
4plwsfFZYL4-00572-00179130-00179337 and air in World War one between the
4plwsfFZYL4-00573-00179338-00179640 United States and other allies against
4plwsfFZYL4-00574-00179641-00179936 the remaining opponent which was Germany
4plwsfFZYL4-00575-00179937-00180204 earlier treaties had been negotiated
4plwsfFZYL4-00576-00180205-00180647 with Bulgaria the Ottoman Empire and the
4plwsfFZYL4-00577-00180648-00180936 austro-hungarian Empire although the
4plwsfFZYL4-00578-00180937-00181110 armistice ended the fighting
4plwsfFZYL4-00579-00181111-00181302 it needed to be prolonged three times
4plwsfFZYL4-00580-00181303-00181572 until the Treaty of Versailles which was
4plwsfFZYL4-00581-00181573-00181979 signed on June 28 1919 and took effect
4plwsfFZYL4-00582-00181980-00182577 on January 10th 1920 the Durham world
4plwsfFZYL4-00583-00182578-00182796 war 1 monument was erected through the
4plwsfFZYL4-00584-00182797-00183069 efforts of the junior order of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00585-00183070-00183447 United American mechanics by today's
4plwsfFZYL4-00586-00183448-00183768 standards this was not an inclusive
4plwsfFZYL4-00587-00183769-00183963 organization and that's putting it
4plwsfFZYL4-00588-00183964-00184241 mildly that may explain why the names of
4plwsfFZYL4-00589-00184242-00184410 the african-american veterans who died
4plwsfFZYL4-00590-00184411-00184593 in the conflict are listed separately
4plwsfFZYL4-00591-00184594-00184887 and below the white war date on the
4plwsfFZYL4-00592-00184888-00185211 monument also the time period of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00593-00185212-00185574 planning and the November the 11th 1921
4plwsfFZYL4-00594-00185575-00185802 dedication of the monument was not
4plwsfFZYL4-00595-00185803-00186003 particularly high particularly the
4plwsfFZYL4-00596-00186004-00186315 height of racial goodwill the red summer
4plwsfFZYL4-00597-00186316-00186582 of 1919 had brought about many lynchings
4plwsfFZYL4-00598-00186583-00186906 and other killings within our nation
4plwsfFZYL4-00599-00186907-00187128 sometimes people were
4plwsfFZYL4-00600-00187129-00187425 uniforms that were worn during World War
4plwsfFZYL4-00601-00187426-00187732 one and they encountered violence here
4plwsfFZYL4-00602-00187733-00188088 in this country however even with
4plwsfFZYL4-00603-00188089-00188257 Durham's obvious segregation on the
4plwsfFZYL4-00604-00188258-00188565 monument and other disparities it must
4plwsfFZYL4-00605-00188566-00188751 be said that in some areas of the state
4plwsfFZYL4-00606-00188752-00189024 in the nation World War one monuments
4plwsfFZYL4-00607-00189025-00189324 totally ignored the military service and
4plwsfFZYL4-00608-00189325-00189612 the loss of life african-americans with
4plwsfFZYL4-00609-00189613-00189922 that said many see the centennial of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00610-00189923-00190183 end of World War one as a time to
4plwsfFZYL4-00611-00190184-00190420 remember that remember the Durham
4plwsfFZYL4-00612-00190421-00190609 residents who served the nation in an
4plwsfFZYL4-00613-00190610-00190965 effort to end all wars is important to
4plwsfFZYL4-00614-00190966-00191274 know that 100 years ago that was the
4plwsfFZYL4-00615-00191275-00191798 expectation so in 2018 let's propose
4plwsfFZYL4-00616-00191799-00192046 that we work to have peaceful
4plwsfFZYL4-00617-00192047-00192240 resolutions of conflicts within the
4plwsfFZYL4-00618-00192241-00192607 world within our nation within our state
4plwsfFZYL4-00619-00192608-00192828 and of course within the Durham
4plwsfFZYL4-00620-00192829-00193197 community in order to peacefully
4plwsfFZYL4-00621-00193198-00193449 commemorate the end of World War one and
4plwsfFZYL4-00622-00193450-00193659 to promote the concept of conflict
4plwsfFZYL4-00623-00193660-00193969 resolution I propose that houses of
4plwsfFZYL4-00624-00193970-00194265 worship civic and social organizations
4plwsfFZYL4-00625-00194266-00194508 and other groups simultaneously
4plwsfFZYL4-00626-00194509-00194818 participate in an event that will that
4plwsfFZYL4-00627-00194819-00195147 we can call bills across Durham on
4plwsfFZYL4-00628-00195148-00195489 Sunday November the 11th our
4plwsfFZYL4-00629-00195490-00195718 participation will allow us to join many
4plwsfFZYL4-00630-00195719-00195966 other communities in North Carolina and
4plwsfFZYL4-00631-00195967-00196149 a nation in this Centennial
4plwsfFZYL4-00632-00196150-00196764 commemoration let's ring chime play
4plwsfFZYL4-00633-00196765-00197097 eleven musical chords at exactly 11:00
4plwsfFZYL4-00634-00197098-00197301 a.m. to represent the armistice
4plwsfFZYL4-00635-00197302-00197509 agreement that officially ended world
4plwsfFZYL4-00636-00197510-00197818 war one at the 11th hour of the 11th day
4plwsfFZYL4-00637-00197819-00198213 of the 11th month in 1918 an entire
4plwsfFZYL4-00638-00198214-00198579 century ago this Durham County activity
4plwsfFZYL4-00639-00198580-00198808 would mark a valuable teaching moment
4plwsfFZYL4-00640-00198809-00199093 for young people for middle-aged adults
4plwsfFZYL4-00641-00199094-00199515 for seniors adults for people from all
4plwsfFZYL4-00642-00199516-00199858 racial and cultural groups for religious
4plwsfFZYL4-00643-00199859-00200139 and non-religious groups for people
4plwsfFZYL4-00644-00200140-00200467 across gender and sexual lines
4plwsfFZYL4-00645-00200468-00200749 for new arrivals as well as long-term
4plwsfFZYL4-00646-00200750-00201127 residence all Durham County residents
4plwsfFZYL4-00647-00201128-00201349 would be invited to participate in an
4plwsfFZYL4-00648-00201350-00201553 activity that would recognize and pay
4plwsfFZYL4-00649-00201554-00201760 tribute to the veterans who help to
4plwsfFZYL4-00650-00201761-00202111 fight tyranny around the world these
4plwsfFZYL4-00651-00202112-00202369 Durham County veterans fought for
4plwsfFZYL4-00652-00202370-00202585 democracy even though a great deal of
4plwsfFZYL4-00653-00202586-00202786 work needed to be done at that time and
4plwsfFZYL4-00654-00202787-00203044 still needs to be done to bring about
4plwsfFZYL4-00655-00203045-00203383 equality and respect within all aspects
4plwsfFZYL4-00656-00203384-00203715 of our county our state and our nation
4plwsfFZYL4-00657-00203716-00204046 thanks collectively ring the bells with
4plwsfFZYL4-00658-00204047-00204376 with that goal in mind out the City
4plwsfFZYL4-00659-00204377-00204601 Council can give consideration to the
4plwsfFZYL4-00660-00204602-00204898 possibility of a proclamation supported
4plwsfFZYL4-00661-00204898-00205146 in bales across the rails across Durham
4plwsfFZYL4-00662-00205148-00205369 concept at your first meeting in in
4plwsfFZYL4-00663-00205369-00205648 November I want to thank you in advance
4plwsfFZYL4-00664-00205648-00205914 for your wise deliberation annual
4plwsfFZYL4-00665-00205915-00206194 consideration of the promotion of and
4plwsfFZYL4-00666-00206194-00206509 participation participation in this
4plwsfFZYL4-00667-00206510-00206823 event thank you so much mister man thank
4plwsfFZYL4-00668-00206825-00207631 you very much council member so much
4plwsfFZYL4-00669-00207632-00207877 appreciate this history moment thank you
4plwsfFZYL4-00670-00207878-00208239 very much Eddie our public historian for
4plwsfFZYL4-00671-00208240-00208381 being here again for another history
4plwsfFZYL4-00672-00208382-00208657 moment and Belle's across Durham idea is
4plwsfFZYL4-00673-00208658-00208969 a great idea and I know that there are a
4plwsfFZYL4-00674-00208969-00209236 lot of people out there watching this
4plwsfFZYL4-00675-00209237-00209364 meeting and we'll be watching the
4plwsfFZYL4-00676-00209365-00209646 cording zuv it and I think you brought a
4plwsfFZYL4-00677-00209648-00209823 great message and I hope our churches
4plwsfFZYL4-00678-00209825-00210190 and others will pick up this pick up
4plwsfFZYL4-00679-00210191-00210508 this challenge and we will be looking to
4plwsfFZYL4-00680-00210509-00210667 you maybe to help with some wording for
4plwsfFZYL4-00681-00210667-00210829 the appropriate proclamation so thank
4plwsfFZYL4-00682-00210830-00211219 you very much alright we had a lot of
4plwsfFZYL4-00683-00211219-00211375 ceremonial items but they were great
4plwsfFZYL4-00684-00211376-00211621 ceremonial items tonight and appreciate
4plwsfFZYL4-00685-00211621-00212389 everyone for being here for these and
4plwsfFZYL4-00686-00212390-00212626 now we're going to move to announcements
4plwsfFZYL4-00687-00212627-00212977 by the council any any any announcements
4plwsfFZYL4-00688-00212978-00213117 by council members council member Reece
4plwsfFZYL4-00689-00213119-00213235 all right Thank You mr. mayor good
4plwsfFZYL4-00690-00213236-00213469 evening everyone I wanted to make sure
4plwsfFZYL4-00691-00213469-00213700 folks in Durham were aware that there's
4plwsfFZYL4-00692-00213701-00213785 an election going on
4plwsfFZYL4-00693-00213786-00214082 and our one-stop early voting begins
4plwsfFZYL4-00694-00214083-00214190 here in the city of Durham this
4plwsfFZYL4-00695-00214191-00214448 Wednesday October 17th early voting is a
4plwsfFZYL4-00696-00214448-00214619 great great way to participate in the
4plwsfFZYL4-00697-00214619-00214841 election it lets you create a plan in
4plwsfFZYL4-00698-00214842-00215111 advance one that's convenient for your
4plwsfFZYL4-00699-00215112-00215381 schedule and avoid some potential
4plwsfFZYL4-00700-00215382-00215540 problems and long lines on Election Day
4plwsfFZYL4-00701-00215541-00215762 so I like to encourage folks to use
4plwsfFZYL4-00702-00215763-00215971 early voting you can find the schedule
4plwsfFZYL4-00703-00215973-00216152 by going into Google and searching
4plwsfFZYL4-00704-00216153-00216332 durham early voting that'll take you to
4plwsfFZYL4-00705-00216333-00216521 the board of elections website here in
4plwsfFZYL4-00706-00216521-00216817 Durham County where there is a list of
4plwsfFZYL4-00707-00216817-00217123 locations for early voting the Board of
4plwsfFZYL4-00708-00217125-00217348 Elections three of our County Libraries
4plwsfFZYL4-00709-00217350-00217571 and then locations about Duke University
4plwsfFZYL4-00710-00217571-00217754 and North Carolina Central University
4plwsfFZYL4-00711-00217755-00218003 you can also early vote any day between
4plwsfFZYL4-00712-00218004-00218225 Wednesday October 17th and Saturday
4plwsfFZYL4-00713-00218226-00218548 November 3rd although times do vary on
4plwsfFZYL4-00714-00218550-00218756 the weekends it's really important to
4plwsfFZYL4-00715-00218757-00219002 make a plan how you intend to vote how
4plwsfFZYL4-00716-00219003-00219119 to get to the pow you're gonna get to
4plwsfFZYL4-00717-00219119-00219311 the polls and what day and then go ahead
4plwsfFZYL4-00718-00219312-00219496 and execute that plan so encourage
4plwsfFZYL4-00719-00219498-00219619 everyone to get out to the polls into
4plwsfFZYL4-00720-00219621-00219833 mr. mayor I know you've heard many times
4plwsfFZYL4-00721-00219834-00220040 and I have that particular election is
4plwsfFZYL4-00722-00220041-00220385 the most important one of our time I
4plwsfFZYL4-00723-00220386-00220550 happen to believe that's true every time
4plwsfFZYL4-00724-00220551-00220691 there's an election because that's the
4plwsfFZYL4-00725-00220692-00220865 only one you've got to vote for right
4plwsfFZYL4-00726-00220866-00221071 then so I encourage people to get out
4plwsfFZYL4-00727-00221073-00221264 and vote this year Thank You mr. mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-00728-00221265-00221414 thank you very much council member Reece
4plwsfFZYL4-00729-00221415-00221732 any other announcements mayor council
4plwsfFZYL4-00730-00221733-00221852 member Middleton Thank You mr. mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-00731-00221853-00221951 good evening sir I'm good evening to my
4plwsfFZYL4-00732-00221952-00222242 colleagues mr. mayor one day last week
4plwsfFZYL4-00733-00222242-00222394 at about 7 o'clock in the morning I
4plwsfFZYL4-00734-00222396-00222608 boarded a bus with Rhonda Parker the
4plwsfFZYL4-00735-00222609-00222742 director of our Durham Parks and
4plwsfFZYL4-00736-00222744-00223064 Recreation Department and staffers to
4plwsfFZYL4-00737-00223065-00223481 tour parks around Durham and I wanted to
4plwsfFZYL4-00738-00223482-00223778 send a major shout out to Rhonda and her
4plwsfFZYL4-00739-00223779-00224159 her team for what they do growing up I
4plwsfFZYL4-00740-00224160-00224366 grew up in a very tough neighborhood in
4plwsfFZYL4-00741-00224367-00224537 Brooklyn there was a constant struggle
4plwsfFZYL4-00742-00224538-00224821 for our open spaces in our city for
4plwsfFZYL4-00743-00224823-00224998 those who wanted to engage in commerce
4plwsfFZYL4-00744-00225000-00225292 that wasn't credentialed and kids who
4plwsfFZYL4-00745-00225294-00225494 just wanted to play and I didn't realize
4plwsfFZYL4-00746-00225494-00225694 it then but it was our the Parks and
4plwsfFZYL4-00747-00225696-00225875 Recreation Department that really set up
4plwsfFZYL4-00748-00225876-00226123 a bulwark for us in the neighborhood
4plwsfFZYL4-00749-00226125-00226319 their rec centers is where we went and
4plwsfFZYL4-00750-00226319-00226484 got free lunch during the summer and
4plwsfFZYL4-00751-00226485-00226700 their organized sports activities it was
4plwsfFZYL4-00752-00226701-00226846 just so important to my life and I'm
4plwsfFZYL4-00753-00226848-00227125 realizing now
4plwsfFZYL4-00754-00227126-00227278 just the important role that parks and
4plwsfFZYL4-00755-00227279-00227500 recs plays and I reflected how important
4plwsfFZYL4-00756-00227501-00227710 it was in my life as a youth so I just
4plwsfFZYL4-00757-00227711-00227932 want to encourage all of our citizens
4plwsfFZYL4-00758-00227933-00228142 all of our residents other in here
4plwsfFZYL4-00759-00228143-00228298 tonight that are watching around the
4plwsfFZYL4-00760-00228299-00228445 city tonight to take advantage of our
4plwsfFZYL4-00761-00228446-00228676 great parks they want to hear from you
4plwsfFZYL4-00762-00228677-00228889 go and visit our parks and use them if
4plwsfFZYL4-00763-00228890-00228991 there's something that needs to be done
4plwsfFZYL4-00764-00228992-00229177 or fixed there the Durham Parks and
4plwsfFZYL4-00765-00229178-00229369 Recreation Department wants to hear from
4plwsfFZYL4-00766-00229370-00229618 you they're engaged they're passionate
4plwsfFZYL4-00767-00229619-00229825 and they're lovers of this city so I
4plwsfFZYL4-00768-00229826-00229969 just want to shout them out for letting
4plwsfFZYL4-00769-00229970-00230162 me hang out with them really early last
4plwsfFZYL4-00770-00230163-00230413 week mr. manager you've got a great team
4plwsfFZYL4-00771-00230414-00230578 over there you already know that and I
4plwsfFZYL4-00772-00230579-00230698 just want to encourage all of us to
4plwsfFZYL4-00773-00230699-00230813 support our Parks and Recreation
4plwsfFZYL4-00774-00230814-00231022 Department I know that long before I got
4plwsfFZYL4-00775-00231023-00231183 here you guys did a halfpenny
4plwsfFZYL4-00776-00231184-00231463 for it to support parks and recs
4plwsfFZYL4-00777-00231464-00231713 initiatives I think it's money a well
4plwsfFZYL4-00778-00231714-00231843 spent and I hope that we will continue
4plwsfFZYL4-00779-00231844-00232108 to make it a priority for our city for
4plwsfFZYL4-00780-00232109-00232276 the sake of our youth or coming behind
4plwsfFZYL4-00781-00232277-00232396 this Thank You mr. mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-00782-00232397-00232624 thank you very much councilmember any
4plwsfFZYL4-00783-00232625-00232884 other announcements by councilmembers I
4plwsfFZYL4-00784-00232885-00233098 have a couple of announcements
4plwsfFZYL4-00785-00233099-00233866 first of all I want to thank our city
4plwsfFZYL4-00786-00233867-00234079 employees who once again were called
4plwsfFZYL4-00787-00234080-00234583 upon to deal with the aftermath of a
4plwsfFZYL4-00788-00234584-00234955 storm and I heard today just recently
4plwsfFZYL4-00789-00234956-00235216 from Kevin Lilly and Alex Johnson we
4plwsfFZYL4-00790-00235217-00235402 hear that we had something like 54 trees
4plwsfFZYL4-00791-00235403-00235777 down that urban forestry folks had to
4plwsfFZYL4-00792-00235778-00236059 deal with we had lots of other
4plwsfFZYL4-00793-00236060-00236266 conditions like that we didn't have the
4plwsfFZYL4-00794-00236267-00236482 flooding that we had the Florence thank
4plwsfFZYL4-00795-00236483-00236695 goodness but this was very difficult
4plwsfFZYL4-00796-00236696-00237127 work and I'm very appreciative of our of
4plwsfFZYL4-00797-00237128-00237379 our city employees for your for your
4plwsfFZYL4-00798-00237380-00237580 wonderful work under these circumstances
4plwsfFZYL4-00799-00237581-00238270 thank you I also want to recognize the
4plwsfFZYL4-00800-00238271-00238537 work of Duke Energy and the employees of
4plwsfFZYL4-00801-00238538-00238849 Duke Energy the linemen the the people
4plwsfFZYL4-00802-00238850-00239008 driving the trucks and all the other
4plwsfFZYL4-00803-00239009-00239221 folks they're contractors who don't with
4plwsfFZYL4-00804-00239222-00239620 all the debris and the trees is mr. Rick
4plwsfFZYL4-00805-00239621-00240130 grant here from Duke Energy Thank You
4plwsfFZYL4-00806-00240131-00240898 mr. grant we are pleased to have you
4plwsfFZYL4-00807-00240898-00241180 mr. grant is the general manner manager
4plwsfFZYL4-00808-00241181-00241333 of this area is in charge of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00809-00241334-00241492 linesman who've been doing the work also
4plwsfFZYL4-00810-00241494-00241744 seeing dear Everett here on Dara is our
4plwsfFZYL4-00811-00241746-00241885 district manager and many of us know
4plwsfFZYL4-00812-00241886-00242073 there very well for all her Civic
4plwsfFZYL4-00813-00242075-00242315 contributions let me just tell you a
4plwsfFZYL4-00814-00242316-00242537 couple of things that a couple of facts
4plwsfFZYL4-00815-00242538-00242707 that I have learned there were forty
4plwsfFZYL4-00816-00242708-00242966 three thousand five hundred homes and
4plwsfFZYL4-00817-00242967-00243294 businesses out of power as a result of
4plwsfFZYL4-00818-00243296-00243713 this recent storm and Duke put five
4plwsfFZYL4-00819-00243714-00243976 hundred people in the field two hundred
4plwsfFZYL4-00820-00243977-00244139 of them as I understand from Durham a
4plwsfFZYL4-00821-00244140-00244285 hundred from the mountains a couple
4plwsfFZYL4-00822-00244286-00244589 hundred from elsewhere to get our power
4plwsfFZYL4-00823-00244590-00244942 back up and running it was completed by
4plwsfFZYL4-00824-00244944-00245203 Sunday night mine came back on Saturday
4plwsfFZYL4-00825-00245204-00245479 night I was I have to confess that I was
4plwsfFZYL4-00826-00245480-00245632 really ready for it to come on when it
4plwsfFZYL4-00827-00245633-00245929 did and grateful for the good work of
4plwsfFZYL4-00828-00245930-00246089 the Duke Energy folks for getting it
4plwsfFZYL4-00829-00246090-00246448 done forty three thousand five hundred
4plwsfFZYL4-00830-00246450-00246676 homes and they were all back up and
4plwsfFZYL4-00831-00246677-00246919 running in a in less than three days so
4plwsfFZYL4-00832-00246921-00247129 I just want to be express my gratitude
4plwsfFZYL4-00833-00247130-00247340 to the folks at Duke Energy and
4plwsfFZYL4-00834-00247341-00247562 especially your frontline folks and I
4plwsfFZYL4-00835-00247563-00247688 and I hope you will pass on our
4plwsfFZYL4-00836-00247689-00248605 gratitude so thank you my second
4plwsfFZYL4-00837-00248606-00248980 announcement is a sad announcement we we
4plwsfFZYL4-00838-00248981-00249553 lost a on October the fifth we lost a
4plwsfFZYL4-00839-00249554-00249740 civic champion of Durham of many of
4plwsfFZYL4-00840-00249741-00249896 long-standing in many years
4plwsfFZYL4-00841-00249896-00250165 mr. Dillard tear passed away on that day
4plwsfFZYL4-00842-00250166-00250616 mr. tear was married for seventy-six
4plwsfFZYL4-00843-00250617-00250940 years to his wife Mildred Roycroft here
4plwsfFZYL4-00844-00250941-00251225 is also his high school sweetheart
4plwsfFZYL4-00845-00251226-00251527 and mr. tear was one of the people that
4plwsfFZYL4-00846-00251528-00251741 made the raleigh-durham airport happened
4plwsfFZYL4-00847-00251742-00251905 in very many ways he served on the
4plwsfFZYL4-00848-00251906-00252044 Raleigh Airport raleigh-durham airport
4plwsfFZYL4-00849-00252044-00252415 board for 31 years and was a real real
4plwsfFZYL4-00850-00252416-00252641 important contributor to the creation of
4plwsfFZYL4-00851-00252642-00252856 that institution he was also a member of
4plwsfFZYL4-00852-00252857-00253129 our County Commission and did many many
4plwsfFZYL4-00853-00253130-00253432 other wonderful things for our for our
4plwsfFZYL4-00854-00253433-00253776 city we will be memorializing mr. tear
4plwsfFZYL4-00855-00253777-00253989 at a future city council meeting for his
4plwsfFZYL4-00856-00253990-00254403 contributions but I did want to just ask
4plwsfFZYL4-00857-00254404-00254648 you all now for a moment of silence to
4plwsfFZYL4-00858-00254650-00254889 please join me in remembering mr.
4plwsfFZYL4-00859-00254890-00255833 Dillard tyr thank you
4plwsfFZYL4-00860-00255834-00256194 and the final announcement I have is
4plwsfFZYL4-00861-00256194-00256658 that the City Council met and evaluated
4plwsfFZYL4-00862-00256659-00256985 our city employees as we do annually and
4plwsfFZYL4-00863-00256986-00257391 we have settled on their raises all
4plwsfFZYL4-00864-00257392-00257567 three of our employees our city manager
4plwsfFZYL4-00865-00257569-00257826 our city attorney and our city clerk
4plwsfFZYL4-00866-00257827-00258102 I've done outstanding work and we are
4plwsfFZYL4-00867-00258103-00258306 very very fortunate to have them in the
4plwsfFZYL4-00868-00258307-00258573 capacities in which they serve and I'm
4plwsfFZYL4-00869-00258573-00259041 now going to announce the the pay that
4plwsfFZYL4-00870-00259042-00259302 we have voted for them in this coming
4plwsfFZYL4-00871-00259303-00259605 year and then I'll accept a motion from
4plwsfFZYL4-00872-00259606-00260004 a council member to to approve this for
4plwsfFZYL4-00873-00260005-00260214 the city manager two hundred and forty
4plwsfFZYL4-00874-00260215-00260376 three thousand five hundred and three
4plwsfFZYL4-00875-00260377-00260631 three dollars city attorney two hundred
4plwsfFZYL4-00876-00260632-00260771 and twenty three thousand nine hundred
4plwsfFZYL4-00877-00260773-00261032 eighty two dollars the city clerk ninety
4plwsfFZYL4-00878-00261033-00261207 two thousand seven hundred dollars and
4plwsfFZYL4-00879-00261208-00261457 I'll accept a motion to approve those
4plwsfFZYL4-00880-00261458-00261646 some of this is
4plwsfFZYL4-00881-00261648-00261882 been moved and seconded we approve the
4plwsfFZYL4-00882-00261883-00262046 salaries of our three employees madam
4plwsfFZYL4-00883-00262048-00262812 clerk we please open the vote please
4plwsfFZYL4-00884-00262813-00263592 close the vote the motion passes 7-0
4plwsfFZYL4-00885-00263593-00263820 thank you very much madam clerk and
4plwsfFZYL4-00886-00263821-00264105 again I want to just thank you madam
4plwsfFZYL4-00887-00264106-00264327 clerk mr. attorney mr. manager fools
4plwsfFZYL4-00888-00264328-00264450 thank you very much right here another
4plwsfFZYL4-00889-00264451-00264612 great year in the city of Durham and
4plwsfFZYL4-00890-00264613-00264765 looking forward to much more of the same
4plwsfFZYL4-00891-00264766-00264996 and so we really really appreciate the
4plwsfFZYL4-00892-00264997-00265334 work that you do okay I'm sorry I
4plwsfFZYL4-00893-00265335-00265425 usually don't give that many
4plwsfFZYL4-00894-00265426-00265580 announcements but it happened tonight
4plwsfFZYL4-00895-00265581-00265910 and now we're gonna move to priority
4plwsfFZYL4-00896-00265911-00266094 items by the city manager mr. manager
4plwsfFZYL4-00897-00266095-00266289 Thank You mr. mayor members of council
4plwsfFZYL4-00898-00266290-00266496 good evening everyone I'd like to take
4plwsfFZYL4-00899-00266497-00266793 this opportunity during the priority
4plwsfFZYL4-00900-00266794-00266991 items to remind everyone that the Durham
4plwsfFZYL4-00901-00266992-00267110 Police Department
4plwsfFZYL4-00902-00267111-00267296 in conjunction with the derm emergency
4plwsfFZYL4-00903-00267297-00267516 communications center will hold a
4plwsfFZYL4-00904-00267517-00267773 community grand opening event for the
4plwsfFZYL4-00905-00267774-00268031 new durham police headquarters and 911
4plwsfFZYL4-00906-00268032-00268205 center on saturday
4plwsfFZYL4-00907-00268206-00268447 this coming Saturday October the 20th
4plwsfFZYL4-00908-00268448-00268883 from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. the event will
4plwsfFZYL4-00909-00268884-00269105 take place at the new headquarters 602
4plwsfFZYL4-00910-00269106-00269378 East Main Street the entire Durham
4plwsfFZYL4-00911-00269379-00269592 community is invited to take part in
4plwsfFZYL4-00912-00269593-00269844 this historic occasion it will be a
4plwsfFZYL4-00913-00269845-00270093 grand opening that will include facility
4plwsfFZYL4-00914-00270094-00270356 tours food entertainment and a number of
4plwsfFZYL4-00915-00270357-00270632 activities for people of all ages there
4plwsfFZYL4-00916-00270633-00270821 is an official ribbon-cutting ceremony
4plwsfFZYL4-00917-00270822-00271119 that will be held at 12 p.m. noon on
4plwsfFZYL4-00918-00271120-00271355 Saturday and we encourage everyone in
4plwsfFZYL4-00919-00271356-00271535 the community to come out and join the
4plwsfFZYL4-00920-00271536-00271689 police department and the 911
4plwsfFZYL4-00921-00271690-00271949 communications department to celebrate
4plwsfFZYL4-00922-00271950-00272126 the opening of this this great facility
4plwsfFZYL4-00923-00272127-00272354 thank you thank you very much mr.
4plwsfFZYL4-00924-00272355-00272578 manager and I'm looking forward to it
4plwsfFZYL4-00925-00272579-00272885 mr. Attorney any priority items Thank
4plwsfFZYL4-00926-00272886-00273029 You mr. mayor members of council no
4plwsfFZYL4-00927-00273030-00273141 priority items
4plwsfFZYL4-00928-00273142-00273395 madam clerk good evening mayor council
4plwsfFZYL4-00929-00273396-00273588 city manager Bonfield
4plwsfFZYL4-00930-00273589-00273824 do you have one item and is to give the
4plwsfFZYL4-00931-00273825-00274196 oath of office to David Dixon if he's
4plwsfFZYL4-00932-00274197-00275720 here mmm yes he is
4plwsfFZYL4-00933-00275721-00276995 I state your name David Dixon do hereby
4plwsfFZYL4-00934-00276996-00277250 solemnly affirm do hereby solemnly
4plwsfFZYL4-00935-00277251-00277481 affirm that I will support and maintain
4plwsfFZYL4-00936-00277482-00277655 that I will support and maintain the
4plwsfFZYL4-00937-00277656-00277886 Constitution and laws of the United
4plwsfFZYL4-00938-00277887-00278084 States the Constitution and laws of the
4plwsfFZYL4-00939-00278085-00278270 United States and the Constitution and
4plwsfFZYL4-00940-00278271-00278450 laws of North Carolina and the
4plwsfFZYL4-00941-00278451-00278624 Constitution and laws in North Carolina
4plwsfFZYL4-00942-00278625-00278861 not inconsistent therewith not
4plwsfFZYL4-00943-00278862-00279260 inconsistent therewith in that I will
4plwsfFZYL4-00944-00279261-00279482 faithfully and impartially discharge the
4plwsfFZYL4-00945-00279483-00279695 duties of my office discharge the duties
4plwsfFZYL4-00946-00279696-00279968 of my office as a member of as a member
4plwsfFZYL4-00947-00279969-00280193 of the racial equity task force the
4plwsfFZYL4-00948-00280194-00280328 racial equity task force
4plwsfFZYL4-00949-00280329-00280568 so help me God so help me God I have
4plwsfFZYL4-00950-00280569-00280829 read I have read understand understand
4plwsfFZYL4-00951-00280830-00281075 and subscribe to and subscribe to the
4plwsfFZYL4-00952-00281076-00281276 code of ethics of the city of Durham the
4plwsfFZYL4-00953-00281277-00282329 code of ethics of the city of Durham mr.
4plwsfFZYL4-00954-00282330-00282473 Dixon thank you very much and we're very
4plwsfFZYL4-00955-00282474-00282880 much looking forward to your service I
4plwsfFZYL4-00956-00282881-00283241 now will move to the consent agenda and
4plwsfFZYL4-00957-00283242-00283502 that consent agenda can be approved by a
4plwsfFZYL4-00958-00283503-00283892 single vote of the council any council
4plwsfFZYL4-00959-00283893-00284033 member a member of the public can also
4plwsfFZYL4-00960-00284034-00284204 remove an item from the consent agenda
4plwsfFZYL4-00961-00284205-00284381 which will then be moved to the end of
4plwsfFZYL4-00962-00284382-00284579 the to the end of our agenda for
4plwsfFZYL4-00963-00284580-00284903 discussion and decision at that time so
4plwsfFZYL4-00964-00284904-00285080 I'll read the consent agenda items item
4plwsfFZYL4-00965-00285081-00285296 1 approval of City Council minutes item
4plwsfFZYL4-00966-00285297-00285476 2 Human Relations Commission appointment
4plwsfFZYL4-00967-00285477-00285755 item 3 resolution granting consent to
4plwsfFZYL4-00968-00285756-00285881 Piedmont Electric Membership Corporation
4plwsfFZYL4-00969-00285882-00286046 to serve as the exclusive provider of
4plwsfFZYL4-00970-00286047-00286205 electric service to area assigned to
4plwsfFZYL4-00971-00286206-00286381 Piedmont Electric Membership Corporation
4plwsfFZYL4-00972-00286382-00286544 Corporation by the North Clinton
4plwsfFZYL4-00973-00286545-00286907 Utilities Commission item for his
4plwsfFZYL4-00974-00286908-00287045 approval of Durham Community Land Trust
4plwsfFZYL4-00975-00287046-00287231 Inc to receive a grant to rehabilitate
4plwsfFZYL4-00976-00287232-00287633 substance rental units in in North
4plwsfFZYL4-00977-00287634-00287675 Carroll
4plwsfFZYL4-00978-00287676-00287861 Northeast central Durham and execution
4plwsfFZYL4-00979-00287862-00287975 of an agreement with Durham Community
4plwsfFZYL4-00980-00287976-00288110 Land trustees and this item has been
4plwsfFZYL4-00981-00288111-00288629 pulled by a member of the public item 5
4plwsfFZYL4-00982-00288630-00288854 request to extend the street impact fee
4plwsfFZYL4-00983-00288855-00289076 credits issued to rebel e LLC for the
4plwsfFZYL4-00984-00289077-00289100 part
4plwsfFZYL4-00985-00289101-00289259 Southpoint project this item has also
4plwsfFZYL4-00986-00289260-00289381 been pulled by a member of the public
4plwsfFZYL4-00987-00289382-00289628 item six an ordinance to establish a
4plwsfFZYL4-00988-00289629-00289766 permitting procedure to regulate the
4plwsfFZYL4-00989-00289767-00289877 operation of shared active
4plwsfFZYL4-00990-00289878-00290006 transportation companies within Durham
4plwsfFZYL4-00991-00290007-00290207 this has also been pulled by a member
4plwsfFZYL4-00992-00290208-00290441 the public item 7 ordinance amendment to
4plwsfFZYL4-00993-00290442-00290576 the city cross connection control
4plwsfFZYL4-00994-00290577-00290762 program to establish definitions pertain
4plwsfFZYL4-00995-00290763-00290936 new accessibility irrigation systems
4plwsfFZYL4-00996-00290937-00291197 item 8 contract with four seasons
4plwsfFZYL4-00997-00291198-00291341 demolition Inc for the demolition of
4plwsfFZYL4-00998-00291342-00291461 decommissioned wastewater treatment
4plwsfFZYL4-00999-00291462-00291854 facilities wwt FS item 9 resolution
4plwsfFZYL4-01000-00291855-00292190 authorizing the city auction item 10
4plwsfFZYL4-01001-00292191-00292388 cooperative group purchases program for
4plwsfFZYL4-01002-00292389-00292571 five automated refuse collection
4plwsfFZYL4-01003-00292572-00292711 vehicles
4plwsfFZYL4-01004-00292712-00292964 excuse me item 11 contract with trance
4plwsfFZYL4-01005-00292965-00293159 or zink for dump trucks with snow plows
4plwsfFZYL4-01006-00293160-00293537 and spreaders and twelve contract with
4plwsfFZYL4-01007-00293538-00293711 linear tree services LLC for the removal
4plwsfFZYL4-01008-00293712-00294098 of city trees item 13 contract amendment
4plwsfFZYL4-01009-00294099-00294335 number three for st 257 c contract
4plwsfFZYL4-01010-00294336-00294455 administration and construction
4plwsfFZYL4-01011-00294456-00294707 inspection services a Horvath Associates
4plwsfFZYL4-01012-00294708-00294851 PA for the carbon street extension
4plwsfFZYL4-01013-00294852-00295100 project item 14 this item can be found
4plwsfFZYL4-01014-00295101-00295307 the general business agenda public
4plwsfFZYL4-01015-00295308-00295487 hearings you've heard the consent agenda
4plwsfFZYL4-01016-00295488-00295706 and I will accept a motion to approve
4plwsfFZYL4-01017-00295707-00295871 the consent agenda with the exception of
4plwsfFZYL4-01018-00295872-00296162 items 4 5 & 6 I moved to roof second
4plwsfFZYL4-01019-00296163-00296336 been moved and seconded that we approve
4plwsfFZYL4-01020-00296337-00296492 the consent agenda madam clerk would you
4plwsfFZYL4-01021-00296493-00296975 please open the vote please close to
4plwsfFZYL4-01022-00296976-00297899 vote motion passes 7 0 thank you madam
4plwsfFZYL4-01023-00297900-00298058 clerk I believe we have a member of the
4plwsfFZYL4-01024-00298059-00298193 Human Relations Commission that we just
4plwsfFZYL4-01025-00298194-00298379 voted on who is here present tonight
4plwsfFZYL4-01026-00298380-00298670 would you be able to to to administer
4plwsfFZYL4-01027-00298671-00298895 the oath of office to that person mr.
4plwsfFZYL4-01028-00298896-00299225 Pierce Freelon that's great
4plwsfFZYL4-01029-00299226-00299471 mr. Freelon would you please come
4plwsfFZYL4-01030-00299472-00299768 forward and our clerk will administer
4plwsfFZYL4-01031-00299769-00299912 the oath of office for the Human
4plwsfFZYL4-01032-00299913-00300704 Relations Commission
4plwsfFZYL4-01033-00300705-00303026 I state your name i pierce Freelon do
4plwsfFZYL4-01034-00303027-00303218 hereby solemnly swear that I will
4plwsfFZYL4-01035-00303219-00303449 support and maintain that I will support
4plwsfFZYL4-01036-00303450-00303662 and maintain the Constitution and laws
4plwsfFZYL4-01037-00303663-00303896 of the United States the Constitution
4plwsfFZYL4-01038-00303897-00304298 and laws of the United States and the
4plwsfFZYL4-01039-00304299-00304609 Constitution and laws of North Carolina
4plwsfFZYL4-01040-00304610-00305102 not inconsistent therewith and that I
4plwsfFZYL4-01041-00305103-00305210 will faithfully and impartially
4plwsfFZYL4-01042-00305211-00305413 discharge the duties of my office
4plwsfFZYL4-01043-00305414-00305999 discharge the duties of my office as a
4plwsfFZYL4-01044-00306000-00306176 member of the Human Relations Commission
4plwsfFZYL4-01045-00306177-00306431 so help me God so help me God I have
4plwsfFZYL4-01046-00306432-00306695 read I have read I understand understand
4plwsfFZYL4-01047-00306696-00307172 and subscribe to and subscribe to the
4plwsfFZYL4-01048-00307173-00308063 code of ethics of the city of Durham ok
4plwsfFZYL4-01049-00308064-00308288 mister Freelon we welcome you to the
4plwsfFZYL4-01050-00308289-00308471 Human Relations Commission and I look
4plwsfFZYL4-01051-00308472-00308894 forward to your good work and now we
4plwsfFZYL4-01052-00308895-00309356 will move to item 14 which is under the
4plwsfFZYL4-01053-00309357-00309515 general business agenda public hearings
4plwsfFZYL4-01054-00309516-00309911 the zoning map change 469 19 Herndon
4plwsfFZYL4-01055-00309912-00310574 Road good evening I'm Carla Rosenberg
4plwsfFZYL4-01056-00310575-00310766 with the Planning Department and a
4plwsfFZYL4-01057-00310767-00310973 request for a zoning map change husband
4plwsfFZYL4-01058-00310974-00311174 received from the city of Durham General
4plwsfFZYL4-01059-00311175-00311399 Services Department for one parcel
4plwsfFZYL4-01060-00311400-00311684 totaling approximately 2.2 acres located
4plwsfFZYL4-01061-00311685-00311978 at six nine one nine hundred Road the
4plwsfFZYL4-01062-00311979-00312191 applicant is proposing to change the
4plwsfFZYL4-01063-00312192-00312335 parcel from planned development
4plwsfFZYL4-01064-00312336-00312695 residential 3.32 to two residential
4plwsfFZYL4-01065-00312696-00312950 suburban 20 to allow construction of a
4plwsfFZYL4-01066-00312951-00313205 fire station no development plan is
4plwsfFZYL4-01067-00313206-00313418 included in the proposal however the
4plwsfFZYL4-01068-00313419-00313598 applicant will be required to seek a
4plwsfFZYL4-01069-00313599-00313838 minor special use permit from the Board
4plwsfFZYL4-01070-00313839-00314023 of Adjustment to allow
4plwsfFZYL4-01071-00314024-00314200 for this use in the proposed zoning
4plwsfFZYL4-01072-00314201-00314532 designation the proposed zoning is
4plwsfFZYL4-01073-00314533-00314713 consistent with the current future land
4plwsfFZYL4-01074-00314714-00314896 use map and therefore does not require a
4plwsfFZYL4-01075-00314897-00315148 plan amendment staff determines that
4plwsfFZYL4-01076-00315149-00315277 requests are consistent with the
4plwsfFZYL4-01077-00315278-00315415 Comprehensive Plan and applicable
4plwsfFZYL4-01078-00315416-00315625 policies and ordinances the Durham
4plwsfFZYL4-01079-00315626-00315901 Planning Commission after August 14 2018
4plwsfFZYL4-01080-00315902-00316090 meeting recommended approval of the
4plwsfFZYL4-01081-00316091-00316513 proposed by a vote of 13 to 0 I'm happy
4plwsfFZYL4-01082-00316514-00316729 Thank You mr. Rosenberg can I ask you I
4plwsfFZYL4-01083-00316730-00316963 don't believe that you notified us about
4plwsfFZYL4-01084-00316964-00317128 whether or not the proper notifications
4plwsfFZYL4-01085-00317129-00317278 to the public were issued and so forth
4plwsfFZYL4-01086-00317279-00317382 would you like to make a statement about
4plwsfFZYL4-01087-00317383-00318373 that a good evening Pat young with the
4plwsfFZYL4-01088-00318374-00318514 planning department on behalf of the
4plwsfFZYL4-01089-00318515-00318673 Planning Department I can certify that
4plwsfFZYL4-01090-00318674-00318823 the public hearing item before you
4plwsfFZYL4-01091-00318824-00318994 tonight has been advertised in
4plwsfFZYL4-01092-00318995-00319120 accordance with the requirements of law
4plwsfFZYL4-01093-00319121-00319294 and there's an affidavit that effect on
4plwsfFZYL4-01094-00319295-00319477 file of the Planning Department thank
4plwsfFZYL4-01095-00319478-00319644 you very much mr. young and miss Rizzo
4plwsfFZYL4-01096-00319645-00319990 you have heard the presentation of staff
4plwsfFZYL4-01097-00319991-00320287 and I'm now going to declare this public
4plwsfFZYL4-01098-00320288-00320518 hearing open and ask you if there are
4plwsfFZYL4-01099-00320519-00320665 members of the council who have any
4plwsfFZYL4-01100-00320666-00320866 questions comments for staff at this
4plwsfFZYL4-01101-00320867-00321432 time if not I'm going to ask I don't
4plwsfFZYL4-01102-00321433-00321585 have anyone signed up but I'm gonna ask
4plwsfFZYL4-01103-00321586-00321727 if there any members of the public who
4plwsfFZYL4-01104-00321728-00321952 would like to speak on this item are
4plwsfFZYL4-01105-00321953-00322087 there any members of the public that
4plwsfFZYL4-01106-00322088-00322405 would like to speak on item 14 any
4plwsfFZYL4-01107-00322406-00322528 members of the public who would like to
4plwsfFZYL4-01108-00322529-00322891 speak if not I'm gonna declare this
4plwsfFZYL4-01109-00322892-00323092 public hearing closed and the matter is
4plwsfFZYL4-01110-00323093-00323358 back before the council I'll accept a
4plwsfFZYL4-01111-00323359-00323818 motion to adopt a consistency st. was
4plwsfFZYL4-01112-00323819-00324135 acquired by NCGS 168 ash 383 so moved
4plwsfFZYL4-01113-00324136-00324349 second moved in second to adopt the
4plwsfFZYL4-01114-00324350-00324568 consistency statement madam clerk will
4plwsfFZYL4-01115-00324569-00324997 you please open the vote please close to
4plwsfFZYL4-01116-00324998-00325734 vote the motion passes 7 0 thank you and
4plwsfFZYL4-01117-00325735-00325876 now I accept a motion to adopt an
4plwsfFZYL4-01118-00325877-00325972 ordinance of many of the you know
4plwsfFZYL4-01119-00325973-00326164 unified development ordinance so moved
4plwsfFZYL4-01120-00326165-00326341 second been moved and seconded madam
4plwsfFZYL4-01121-00326342-00326770 clerk please open the vote is closed to
4plwsfFZYL4-01122-00326771-00327208 vote
4plwsfFZYL4-01123-00327209-00327503 again the motion passes 7-0 thank you
4plwsfFZYL4-01124-00327504-00327722 very much thank you mr. Rosenberg all
4plwsfFZYL4-01125-00327723-00328007 right well now move on to item four the
4plwsfFZYL4-01126-00328008-00328319 durham land trustees this is durham
4plwsfFZYL4-01127-00328320-00328631 community elantris 'yes this is the item
4plwsfFZYL4-01128-00328632-00328775 approving the durham community land
4plwsfFZYL4-01129-00328776-00328895 trustees to receive a grant to
4plwsfFZYL4-01130-00328896-00329105 rehabilitate rental units in Northeast
4plwsfFZYL4-01131-00329106-00329288 central Durham and this item was pulled
4plwsfFZYL4-01132-00329289-00329495 by Miss Victoria Peterson miss Peterson
4plwsfFZYL4-01133-00329496-00329771 welcome you have three minutes thank you
4plwsfFZYL4-01134-00329772-00330259 sir
4plwsfFZYL4-01135-00330260-00330671 yes i'm mrs Peterson Victoria Peterson
4plwsfFZYL4-01136-00330672-00330890 I have several concerns I just want to
4plwsfFZYL4-01137-00330891-00331148 just find out what we're doing here it
4plwsfFZYL4-01138-00331149-00331367 looks like it's about set it's about
4plwsfFZYL4-01139-00331368-00331556 seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars
4plwsfFZYL4-01140-00331557-00331850 let me put my glasses back on I am I'm
4plwsfFZYL4-01141-00331851-00332072 still dealing with some eye issues and
4plwsfFZYL4-01142-00332073-00332288 the light really bothers my eyes seven
4plwsfFZYL4-01143-00332289-00332441 hundred and fifty thousand dollars
4plwsfFZYL4-01144-00332442-00332735 that's a lot of money but we do have a
4plwsfFZYL4-01145-00332736-00332936 lot of houses here I'm sure over in that
4plwsfFZYL4-01146-00332937-00333125 part of Durham that needs to be
4plwsfFZYL4-01147-00333126-00333452 redeveloped fixed up or whatever the
4plwsfFZYL4-01148-00333453-00333650 problem that I'm starting to have and
4plwsfFZYL4-01149-00333651-00333763 I've been having it for a little while
4plwsfFZYL4-01150-00333764-00333988 we have a lot of young men
4plwsfFZYL4-01151-00333989-00334157 african-american young men in this
4plwsfFZYL4-01152-00334158-00334547 community that needs jobs miss weeks was
4plwsfFZYL4-01153-00334548-00334775 murdered in my community about three
4plwsfFZYL4-01154-00334776-00335075 weeks ago we've got to get these guys
4plwsfFZYL4-01155-00335076-00335405 and gals off these streets how she was
4plwsfFZYL4-01156-00335406-00335654 shoot because the boys were shooting and
4plwsfFZYL4-01157-00335655-00335783 running after one another
4plwsfFZYL4-01158-00335784-00336074 mr. mayor in City Council members I
4plwsfFZYL4-01159-00336075-00336350 would like to see this city and I've
4plwsfFZYL4-01160-00336351-00336533 been here numerous times I haven't been
4plwsfFZYL4-01161-00336534-00336671 here lately over the last several months
4plwsfFZYL4-01162-00336672-00336736 a year
4plwsfFZYL4-01163-00336737-00337076 we need a vocational training program
4plwsfFZYL4-01164-00337077-00337241 that young black men will learn
4plwsfFZYL4-01165-00337242-00337574 construction and carpentry to how to
4plwsfFZYL4-01166-00337575-00337886 come in and work with this group that's
4plwsfFZYL4-01167-00337887-00338144 going to receive seven hundred and fifty
4plwsfFZYL4-01168-00338145-00338525 thousand dollars now they do work with
4plwsfFZYL4-01169-00338526-00338768 Habitat for Humanity and I understand
4plwsfFZYL4-01170-00338769-00338984 that but that is basically volunteering
4plwsfFZYL4-01171-00338985-00339158 and there's nothing wrong with that mr.
4plwsfFZYL4-01172-00339159-00339485 mayor but we need to give our young men
4plwsfFZYL4-01173-00339486-00339914 in this community some employment these
4plwsfFZYL4-01174-00339915-00340106 are tax dollars I'm sure they either
4plwsfFZYL4-01175-00340107-00340235 federal or
4plwsfFZYL4-01176-00340236-00340529 or local dollars the other problem that
4plwsfFZYL4-01177-00340530-00340709 I'm having is that mr. mayor and city
4plwsfFZYL4-01178-00340710-00340943 council another person died in my
4plwsfFZYL4-01179-00340944-00341261 community the other week and one of the
4plwsfFZYL4-01180-00341262-00341552 buildings at house and she was renting
4plwsfFZYL4-01181-00341553-00341843 their room and mr. young already knows
4plwsfFZYL4-01182-00341844-00342101 about that situation and I'm hoping that
4plwsfFZYL4-01183-00342102-00342335 he and I think I might have even called
4plwsfFZYL4-01184-00342336-00342629 you mr. mayor about it somebody walks up
4plwsfFZYL4-01185-00342630-00342881 into her facility where she's living in
4plwsfFZYL4-01186-00342882-00343379 a rooming house here in Durham okay and
4plwsfFZYL4-01187-00343380-00343577 shoots her in the back of the head and
4plwsfFZYL4-01188-00343578-00343876 murders her that's two women
4plwsfFZYL4-01189-00343877-00344116 african-american women in my community
4plwsfFZYL4-01190-00344117-00344611 that have died in the last 30 days
4plwsfFZYL4-01191-00344612-00344867 the police records are saying that
4plwsfFZYL4-01192-00344868-00345236 20-some murders so far has taken place
4plwsfFZYL4-01193-00345237-00345515 in Durham and I'm not even talking about
4plwsfFZYL4-01194-00345516-00345836 the other kind of crime it's good or
4plwsfFZYL4-01195-00345837-00346055 programs like this to come into the
4plwsfFZYL4-01196-00346056-00346394 community and rebuild houses I'm for
4plwsfFZYL4-01197-00346395-00346796 that 100% the problem that I'm having is
4plwsfFZYL4-01198-00346797-00347102 who are the laborers are they putting
4plwsfFZYL4-01199-00347103-00347429 our citizens particularly our young men
4plwsfFZYL4-01200-00347430-00347588 and women to work
4plwsfFZYL4-01201-00347589-00347786 do they have employment there is a
4plwsfFZYL4-01202-00347787-00348077 difference between volunteering and
4plwsfFZYL4-01203-00348078-00348308 working on a job and at least getting
4plwsfFZYL4-01204-00348309-00348556 pay twelve or fifteen dollars an hour
4plwsfFZYL4-01205-00348557-00349193 mr. mayor you just don't know how I feel
4plwsfFZYL4-01206-00349194-00349511 when a black woman was on her property
4plwsfFZYL4-01207-00349512-00349841 with her family sitting outside and
4plwsfFZYL4-01208-00349842-00350420 winds up dead miss wheet is dead mr.
4plwsfFZYL4-01209-00350421-00350645 Peterson got to try to get some job
4plwsfFZYL4-01210-00350646-00350914 training for these young men this
4plwsfFZYL4-01211-00350915-00351170 750,000 dollars the city needs to come
4plwsfFZYL4-01212-00351171-00351449 back to this group and find out how are
4plwsfFZYL4-01213-00351450-00351719 they hiring our local our local kids
4plwsfFZYL4-01214-00351720-00351944 boys Thank You mr. Peterson and Thank
4plwsfFZYL4-01215-00351945-00352031 You mr. mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-01216-00352032-00352192 yeah thank you and understand the
4plwsfFZYL4-01217-00352193-00352346 important points that you're making
4plwsfFZYL4-01218-00352347-00352712 thank you very much and I know that our
4plwsfFZYL4-01219-00352713-00352994 staff will be discussing with this group
4plwsfFZYL4-01220-00352995-00353174 their appropriate practices so thank you
4plwsfFZYL4-01221-00353175-00353459 I would like to now entertain a motion
4plwsfFZYL4-01222-00353460-00353594 that we approve
4plwsfFZYL4-01223-00353595-00353867 for some moved second it's been moved in
4plwsfFZYL4-01224-00353868-00354092 second if we approve item four Madame
4plwsfFZYL4-01225-00354093-00354364 clerk will you please open the boat
4plwsfFZYL4-01226-00354365-00355064 please close the boat the motion passes
4plwsfFZYL4-01227-00355065-00355328 seven zero thank you very much mr. mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-01228-00355329-00355766 yes I just want to want to thank miss
4plwsfFZYL4-01229-00355767-00355933 Peterson for bringing her point forward
4plwsfFZYL4-01230-00355934-00356171 and just acknowledged that this is
4plwsfFZYL4-01231-00356172-00356318 something that we've been trying to
4plwsfFZYL4-01232-00356319-00356635 address and multiple programs that the
4plwsfFZYL4-01233-00356636-00356857 city is covering and just knowing noting
4plwsfFZYL4-01234-00356858-00357010 it's it's not something that's falling
4plwsfFZYL4-01235-00357011-00357242 on deaf ears we are hearing we are
4plwsfFZYL4-01236-00357243-00357464 listening and we hear you Thank You
4plwsfFZYL4-01237-00357465-00357794 councilmember all right well now move to
4plwsfFZYL4-01238-00357795-00358271 item five the this is the the park at
4plwsfFZYL4-01239-00358272-00358442 South Point project the request to
4plwsfFZYL4-01240-00358443-00358609 extend the street impact feed credits
4plwsfFZYL4-01241-00358610-00358882 and mr. George stanziano has pulled this
4plwsfFZYL4-01242-00358883-00359024 item mr. stancy how you have three
4plwsfFZYL4-01243-00359025-00359468 minutes thank you very much mr. mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-01244-00359469-00359627 members of council George stands the
4plwsfFZYL4-01245-00359628-00360116 l115 Cofield circle I sent an email to
4plwsfFZYL4-01246-00360117-00360320 you all first of all let me apologize
4plwsfFZYL4-01247-00360321-00360530 for not being at your work session I was
4plwsfFZYL4-01248-00360531-00360680 in Boston with the Urban Land Institute
4plwsfFZYL4-01249-00360681-00360907 and I couldn't couldn't be there I know
4plwsfFZYL4-01250-00360908-00361262 that you discussed it then I sent an
4plwsfFZYL4-01251-00361263-00361469 email today and I and I and I said a lot
4plwsfFZYL4-01252-00361470-00361787 of things about this project when it was
4plwsfFZYL4-01253-00361788-00361949 reason when it was zoned when it was
4plwsfFZYL4-01254-00361950-00362219 rezone it's it's it was it was a project
4plwsfFZYL4-01255-00362220-00362504 that was kind of stopped during the
4plwsfFZYL4-01256-00362505-00362795 recession it was originally zone 16 or
4plwsfFZYL4-01257-00362796-00363143 17 years ago it stopped in its tracks
4plwsfFZYL4-01258-00363144-00363409 during the recession it was originally a
4plwsfFZYL4-01259-00363410-00363701 mixed-use project with auto doors as
4plwsfFZYL4-01260-00363702-00364129 well we've never been able to find
4plwsfFZYL4-01261-00364130-00364547 mixed-use uses on this property for
4plwsfFZYL4-01262-00364548-00364670 those of you don't know this is where
4plwsfFZYL4-01263-00364671-00365075 the Johnson Lexus and and the Honda
4plwsfFZYL4-01264-00365076-00365409 dealership is right off at 751 and i-40
4plwsfFZYL4-01265-00365410-00365675 last year the council rezone this
4plwsfFZYL4-01266-00365676-00366242 property to all to all dealerships and I
4plwsfFZYL4-01267-00366243-00366395 wanted to just give you some numbers
4plwsfFZYL4-01268-00366396-00366695 based on just just the the kind of
4plwsfFZYL4-01269-00366696-00366947 commitment financial commitment this
4plwsfFZYL4-01270-00366948-00367322 my client has made 36 million actually
4plwsfFZYL4-01271-00367323-00367633 almost 80 million now either constructed
4plwsfFZYL4-01272-00367634-00368035 or under construction total property
4plwsfFZYL4-01273-00368036-00368359 taxes paid seven million 365 annual
4plwsfFZYL4-01274-00368360-00368600 property taxes five hundred thousand a
4plwsfFZYL4-01275-00368601-00368695 year
4plwsfFZYL4-01276-00368696-00369002 current annual sales six million 250
4plwsfFZYL4-01277-00369003-00369259 current annual business property taxes
4plwsfFZYL4-01278-00369260-00369722 twenty five thousand and currently 230
4plwsfFZYL4-01279-00369723-00370132 employees and after construction of the
4plwsfFZYL4-01280-00370133-00370435 current dealerships about 260 employees
4plwsfFZYL4-01281-00370436-00370708 so this is a project that has made a
4plwsfFZYL4-01282-00370709-00371099 significant contribution to to Durham in
4plwsfFZYL4-01283-00371100-00371431 terms of jobs and taxes and we're just
4plwsfFZYL4-01284-00371432-00371795 asking for a continuance of our of our
4plwsfFZYL4-01285-00371796-00371999 impact fees so that we can get this
4plwsfFZYL4-01286-00372000-00372527 project completed we we we asked for a
4plwsfFZYL4-01287-00372528-00372923 three year extension anything you could
4plwsfFZYL4-01288-00372924-00373256 give us would be appreciated but this is
4plwsfFZYL4-01289-00373257-00373454 a project that is now fully under
4plwsfFZYL4-01290-00373455-00373628 construction
4plwsfFZYL4-01291-00373629-00374042 after we're building two new dealerships
4plwsfFZYL4-01292-00374043-00374213 they're now a Volvo dealership and
4plwsfFZYL4-01293-00374214-00374509 Alexis pre-owned dealership and then
4plwsfFZYL4-01294-00374510-00374747 there are a couple of other parcels left
4plwsfFZYL4-01295-00374748-00374993 one that Honda will expand on and one
4plwsfFZYL4-01296-00374994-00375263 other parcel so it's a significant
4plwsfFZYL4-01297-00375264-00375503 project it's it's made a significant
4plwsfFZYL4-01298-00375504-00375985 contribution to to the community it has
4plwsfFZYL4-01299-00375986-00376207 built on-site and off-site road
4plwsfFZYL4-01300-00376208-00376560 improvements there's a very significant
4plwsfFZYL4-01301-00376561-00376787 Parkway that runs through the through
4plwsfFZYL4-01302-00376788-00377279 the project from 751 and connecting on
4plwsfFZYL4-01303-00377280-00377591 the other side and just ask your
4plwsfFZYL4-01304-00377592-00377896 consideration for for a continuance
4plwsfFZYL4-01305-00377897-00378374 thank you mr. stone ZL members of the
4plwsfFZYL4-01306-00378375-00378665 council comments or questions or perhaps
4plwsfFZYL4-01307-00378666-00378914 I should say remember is that any city
4plwsfFZYL4-01308-00378915-00379033 staff members want to comment at this
4plwsfFZYL4-01309-00379034-00379580 time mr. judge yeah bill judge
4plwsfFZYL4-01310-00379581-00380005 transportation certainly understand the
4plwsfFZYL4-01311-00380006-00380321 concerns raised by mr. stands al but
4plwsfFZYL4-01312-00380322-00380612 ordnance is very specific and the
4plwsfFZYL4-01313-00380613-00380858 ability to grant credits but credit the
4plwsfFZYL4-01314-00380859-00381038 extension can only be granted when
4plwsfFZYL4-01315-00381039-00381248 stated a delay and a capital improvement
4plwsfFZYL4-01316-00381249-00381527 project and staff is not aware of any
4plwsfFZYL4-01317-00381528-00381701 capital improvement project that delayed
4plwsfFZYL4-01318-00381702-00381919 their ability to utilize those credits
4plwsfFZYL4-01319-00381920-00382346 Thank You mr. judge just to refresh my
4plwsfFZYL4-01320-00382347-00382520 memory on this and I know we discussed
4plwsfFZYL4-01321-00382521-00382754 this at the work session this particular
4plwsfFZYL4-01322-00382755-00383132 thing but tell me again the time period
4plwsfFZYL4-01323-00383133-00383341 and explain the tolling again would you
4plwsfFZYL4-01324-00383342-00383768 so yes there was a three-year period
4plwsfFZYL4-01325-00383769-00384142 between January 1 2008 and December 31
4plwsfFZYL4-01326-00384143-00384548 2010 that based on similar legislation
4plwsfFZYL4-01327-00384549-00384709 and state legislation due to the
4plwsfFZYL4-01328-00384710-00385007 recession that basically suspended or
4plwsfFZYL4-01329-00385008-00385429 told periods of time for permits to
4plwsfFZYL4-01330-00385430-00385796 extend the validity the ordinance was
4plwsfFZYL4-01331-00385797-00386012 changed this section of the ordinance
4plwsfFZYL4-01332-00386013-00386177 was changed a few years ago to extend
4plwsfFZYL4-01333-00386178-00386393 those same three years to Street impact
4plwsfFZYL4-01334-00386394-00386738 fees so just for the record mr. judge
4plwsfFZYL4-01335-00386739-00387020 the the original period that the credits
4plwsfFZYL4-01336-00387021-00387197 would be eligible was for how many years
4plwsfFZYL4-01337-00387198-00387476 yeah so it was ten years it was
4plwsfFZYL4-01338-00387477-00387818 originally issued in August of 2005 it
4plwsfFZYL4-01339-00387819-00388070 would have expired in August 2015 but
4plwsfFZYL4-01340-00388071-00388234 then with the three years extension it
4plwsfFZYL4-01341-00388235-00388556 extended it to August of 2018 thirteen
4plwsfFZYL4-01342-00388557-00388730 years thirteen years thirteen thirteen
4plwsfFZYL4-01343-00388731-00389068 year period correct okay thank you
4plwsfFZYL4-01344-00389069-00389182 questions
4plwsfFZYL4-01345-00389183-00389438 council members or comments any
4plwsfFZYL4-01346-00389439-00389648 questions for the I would say the
4plwsfFZYL4-01347-00389649-00389828 applicant but it's not the applicant any
4plwsfFZYL4-01348-00389829-00390053 questions for mr. Stan's AL or questions
4plwsfFZYL4-01349-00390054-00390212 or comments for staff mr. Mehra have a
4plwsfFZYL4-01350-00390213-00390413 question accounts mayor Milton Thank You
4plwsfFZYL4-01351-00390414-00390662 mr. Santiago Kim can you speak directly
4plwsfFZYL4-01352-00390663-00391043 because it is a very blatant assertion
4plwsfFZYL4-01353-00391044-00391274 and a letter from mr. Ralston attached
4plwsfFZYL4-01354-00391275-00391688 to our this matter that says that a
4plwsfFZYL4-01355-00391689-00391856 completion of a major thoroughfare that
4plwsfFZYL4-01356-00391857-00391964 was shown in the city's capital
4plwsfFZYL4-01357-00391965-00392110 improvement plan at the time the credits
4plwsfFZYL4-01358-00392111-00392297 were granted that has resulted in a revi
4plwsfFZYL4-01359-00392298-00392456 LLC being unable to utilize those
4plwsfFZYL4-01360-00392457-00392693 credits can you speak directly to what
4plwsfFZYL4-01361-00392694-00393467 that project is I my bill you might have
4plwsfFZYL4-01362-00393468-00393683 to correct me on this my guess
4plwsfFZYL4-01363-00393684-00394010 it was that there were some significant
4plwsfFZYL4-01364-00394011-00394574 improvements to highway 751 and even
4plwsfFZYL4-01365-00394575-00394973 some as a result of the the the original
4plwsfFZYL4-01366-00394974-00395159 zoning there were some improvements that
4plwsfFZYL4-01367-00395160-00395471 were required up at 7:51 in highway 54
4plwsfFZYL4-01368-00395472-00395651 there there were a number of different
4plwsfFZYL4-01369-00395652-00395868 developers who had committed to some of
4plwsfFZYL4-01370-00395869-00396264 those improvements up that way at 751
4plwsfFZYL4-01371-00396265-00396720 and 54 there were there was road
4plwsfFZYL4-01372-00396721-00397212 widening there was a widening of a I 40
4plwsfFZYL4-01373-00397213-00397604 I I can't remember it was the the exit
4plwsfFZYL4-01374-00397605-00397920 or the entry laying off of i-40 and then
4plwsfFZYL4-01375-00397921-00398492 a traffic signal put in it I 751 and
4plwsfFZYL4-01376-00398493-00398838 Southpoint auto park Boulevard which is
4plwsfFZYL4-01377-00398839-00399141 where the sheets in the and the Lexus
4plwsfFZYL4-01378-00399142-00399431 dealership is now those are the ones I
4plwsfFZYL4-01379-00399432-00399599 can think of now we did construct a
4plwsfFZYL4-01380-00399600-00400133 major parkway that has just I think last
4plwsfFZYL4-01381-00400134-00400392 year was accepted by the city for
4plwsfFZYL4-01382-00400393-00400739 maintenance that has very extensive
4plwsfFZYL4-01383-00400740-00401067 landscape and and treatments and so
4plwsfFZYL4-01384-00401068-00401453 forth but bill can you help
4plwsfFZYL4-01385-00401454-00401718 I believe those improvements you refer
4plwsfFZYL4-01386-00401719-00401858 to those were all the ones that the
4plwsfFZYL4-01387-00401859-00402071 developer constructed for which he were
4plwsfFZYL4-01388-00402072-00402318 eligible to receive credits and that
4plwsfFZYL4-01389-00402319-00402444 those were the ones that they received
4plwsfFZYL4-01390-00402445-00402698 in 2005 when they constructed those
4plwsfFZYL4-01391-00402699-00402929 improvements so far as a capital
4plwsfFZYL4-01392-00402930-00403167 improvement project the only one that in
4plwsfFZYL4-01393-00403168-00403382 this general area or vicinity that I was
4plwsfFZYL4-01394-00403383-00403676 aware of it 2005 would have been the
4plwsfFZYL4-01395-00403677-00403962 extension of Garrett road or Garrett
4plwsfFZYL4-01396-00403963-00404783 Road from 54 to yea Valley but I'm
4plwsfFZYL4-01397-00404784-00404972 saying the city did construct it yeah
4plwsfFZYL4-01398-00404973-00405257 relatively on schedule okay thank you
4plwsfFZYL4-01399-00405258-00405912 mr. mayor thank you members I just have
4plwsfFZYL4-01400-00405913-00405980 two questions
4plwsfFZYL4-01401-00405981-00406194 your are you asking for an extension
4plwsfFZYL4-01402-00406195-00406362 indefinitely like what
4plwsfFZYL4-01403-00406363-00406641 no I the application asked for a
4plwsfFZYL4-01404-00406642-00406992 three-year extension we would be
4plwsfFZYL4-01405-00406993-00407070 grateful to
4plwsfFZYL4-01406-00407071-00407292 have a one-year extension and then one
4plwsfFZYL4-01407-00407293-00407520 year you'd be able to complete this
4plwsfFZYL4-01408-00407521-00407718 project we would either complete it or
4plwsfFZYL4-01409-00407719-00408173 we would give up the remaining credits
4plwsfFZYL4-01410-00408174-00408582 thank you just the second question can
4plwsfFZYL4-01411-00408583-00408741 you remind me if this is the project
4plwsfFZYL4-01412-00408742-00408899 where there was extensive like
4plwsfFZYL4-01413-00408900-00409269 landscaping and like yes around the
4plwsfFZYL4-01414-00409270-00409527 property so that it would not reflect
4plwsfFZYL4-01415-00409528-00409713 that there was just a dealership there
4plwsfFZYL4-01416-00409714-00410103 yeah thank you there's the in the
4plwsfFZYL4-01417-00410104-00410345 original zoning we made a significant
4plwsfFZYL4-01418-00410346-00410939 commitment to landscaping along 751 this
4plwsfFZYL4-01419-00410941-00411180 you know it was always an it was always
4plwsfFZYL4-01420-00411181-00411389 envisioned as a as an auto park if you
4plwsfFZYL4-01421-00411391-00411732 will with only one dealership actually
4plwsfFZYL4-01422-00411733-00412389 facing 751 my client expended a little
4plwsfFZYL4-01423-00412389-00412692 over half a million dollars in landscape
4plwsfFZYL4-01424-00412693-00412947 and stone walls and so forth that you
4plwsfFZYL4-01425-00412947-00413426 see right along 751 in front of the the
4plwsfFZYL4-01426-00413427-00413688 Lexus dealership and then if you turn in
4plwsfFZYL4-01427-00413689-00414057 and you go down the it's probably about
4plwsfFZYL4-01428-00414058-00414353 a mile and a half Parkway there's
4plwsfFZYL4-01429-00414354-00414947 extensive landscape there as well mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-01430-00414948-00415176 Burton Thank You mr. mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-01431-00415177-00415622 so based on our staffs information it
4plwsfFZYL4-01432-00415623-00415868 sounds like it would be a violation of
4plwsfFZYL4-01433-00415870-00416078 our ordinance to grant this extension
4plwsfFZYL4-01434-00416079-00416468 can you just confirm that yes it's
4plwsfFZYL4-01435-00416470-00416772 staffs opinion that the existing city
4plwsfFZYL4-01436-00416772-00416970 code would only allow an extension to be
4plwsfFZYL4-01437-00416971-00417203 granted based on a delay to a capital
4plwsfFZYL4-01438-00417204-00417407 improvement project and we're not aware
4plwsfFZYL4-01439-00417408-00417642 of any and they haven't referenced any
4plwsfFZYL4-01440-00417643-00418137 of this evening thank you thank you any
4plwsfFZYL4-01441-00418138-00418285 other comments or questions
4plwsfFZYL4-01442-00418287-00418574 yeah I've just a couple different things
4plwsfFZYL4-01443-00418575-00419264 I want to mention is well just one we've
4plwsfFZYL4-01444-00419266-00419463 got to treat everybody the same we have
4plwsfFZYL4-01445-00419464-00419735 an ordinance the ordinance is very clear
4plwsfFZYL4-01446-00419737-00420000 and the ordinance says that it absent
4plwsfFZYL4-01447-00420001-00420164 and madam mayor pro-tem just made this
4plwsfFZYL4-01448-00420166-00420460 point absent the
4plwsfFZYL4-01449-00420462-00420675 completion of a major thoroughfare that
4plwsfFZYL4-01450-00420676-00420831 delays the credit holders ability to
4plwsfFZYL4-01451-00420832-00421185 utilize the credits there is no that was
4plwsfFZYL4-01452-00421185-00421383 the only exceptional circumstance under
4plwsfFZYL4-01453-00421384-00421689 which these credits can be then we could
4plwsfFZYL4-01454-00421689-00422039 delay the the use of these credits and I
4plwsfFZYL4-01455-00422041-00422187 feel it's really important for us so we
4plwsfFZYL4-01456-00422188-00422331 treat everybody the same that comes in
4plwsfFZYL4-01457-00422332-00422522 here according to our ordinances and so
4plwsfFZYL4-01458-00422524-00422751 I'm going to be voting for the item I
4plwsfFZYL4-01459-00422752-00423045 appreciate and understand mr. stands now
4plwsfFZYL4-01460-00423046-00423405 your concerns and and your and your
4plwsfFZYL4-01461-00423406-00423579 advocacy on behalf of the developer
4plwsfFZYL4-01462-00423580-00423741 there there are a lot of good things
4plwsfFZYL4-01463-00423742-00424050 about that development and we have done
4plwsfFZYL4-01464-00424051-00424197 other things the council to support that
4plwsfFZYL4-01465-00424197-00424325 development as you know over the years
4plwsfFZYL4-01466-00424326-00424755 and but I don't think in this case that
4plwsfFZYL4-01467-00424756-00424902 I would be willing to grant that
4plwsfFZYL4-01468-00424903-00425100 exception I think that the ordinance is
4plwsfFZYL4-01469-00425101-00425550 pretty clear that we and that we need to
4plwsfFZYL4-01470-00425551-00425747 treat everybody the same same that comes
4plwsfFZYL4-01471-00425749-00425916 in front of us we shouldn't be making an
4plwsfFZYL4-01472-00425917-00426093 exception for those ordinances unless
4plwsfFZYL4-01473-00426093-00426345 there's some very compelling reason as
4plwsfFZYL4-01474-00426346-00426714 this exception as such as this one
4plwsfFZYL4-01475-00426714-00426993 exception that it applies in 13 years is
4plwsfFZYL4-01476-00426993-00427410 a long time so council members any other
4plwsfFZYL4-01477-00427410-00427743 comments yes please I just want to
4plwsfFZYL4-01478-00427743-00428127 caution us on the kind of comments
4plwsfFZYL4-01479-00428128-00428307 around treating everyone the same
4plwsfFZYL4-01480-00428308-00428513 recognizing that equal is not always
4plwsfFZYL4-01481-00428514-00428889 fair and I agree thirteen years is a
4plwsfFZYL4-01482-00428889-00429117 long time and I will be voting with you
4plwsfFZYL4-01483-00429118-00429255 but I want to be cautious and saying
4plwsfFZYL4-01484-00429256-00429414 that our ordinance is the reason that
4plwsfFZYL4-01485-00429414-00429639 we're doing this just acknowledging that
4plwsfFZYL4-01486-00429639-00429810 all right thank you
4plwsfFZYL4-01487-00429810-00430209 it's not always equal thank you any
4plwsfFZYL4-01488-00430210-00430592 other comments on item five
4plwsfFZYL4-01489-00430593-00430950 if not I'll ask for a motion to approve
4plwsfFZYL4-01490-00430951-00431260 the staffs recommendation second
4plwsfFZYL4-01491-00431262-00431914 madam clerk we please open the vote
4plwsfFZYL4-01492-00431916-00432485 please close the vote
4plwsfFZYL4-01493-00432485-00432816 motion passes 7-0 thank you very much
4plwsfFZYL4-01494-00432817-00432963 thank you she stares down
4plwsfFZYL4-01495-00432964-00433247 thank you I will now move to item six
4plwsfFZYL4-01496-00433249-00433371 ordinance to establish a permanent
4plwsfFZYL4-01497-00433372-00433535 procedure regulate the operation of
4plwsfFZYL4-01498-00433537-00433710 shared active transportation companies
4plwsfFZYL4-01499-00433710-00434214 and that is that item has been pulled by
4plwsfFZYL4-01500-00434214-00434639 I am really having a hard time reading
4plwsfFZYL4-01501-00434641-00434918 this name mr. Esparza is that correct
4plwsfFZYL4-01502-00434920-00435164 yes
4plwsfFZYL4-01503-00435164-00435501 I'm sorry I tell me your first name
4plwsfFZYL4-01504-00435502-00435818 servando okay thank you could you give
4plwsfFZYL4-01505-00435820-00435921 us your address please
4plwsfFZYL4-01506-00435922-00436260 yeah 810 West st. John's Avenue Mike she
4plwsfFZYL4-01507-00436260-00436547 from Austin Texas all right mayor Mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-01508-00436549-00436710 Pro Tem council members actually didn't
4plwsfFZYL4-01509-00436710-00436863 mean to pull this but now that we've
4plwsfFZYL4-01510-00436864-00437028 pulled it would like to say thank you
4plwsfFZYL4-01511-00437029-00437364 for working with us other scooter
4plwsfFZYL4-01512-00437364-00437658 companies for several weeks couple
4plwsfFZYL4-01513-00437659-00437943 months now want to thank you and applaud
4plwsfFZYL4-01514-00437943-00438260 you for the time that you've taken input
4plwsfFZYL4-01515-00438262-00438402 from several different groups on
4plwsfFZYL4-01516-00438403-00438710 creating this this type of program and
4plwsfFZYL4-01517-00438710-00439047 just wanted to give special things to
4plwsfFZYL4-01518-00439047-00439263 council member Reece for your leadership
4plwsfFZYL4-01519-00439264-00439472 on this and then the city staff who has
4plwsfFZYL4-01520-00439474-00439827 taken a lot of time and input from us to
4plwsfFZYL4-01521-00439828-00440055 create this program so just thank you
4plwsfFZYL4-01522-00440056-00440433 Thank You mr. Esparza any comments
4plwsfFZYL4-01523-00440434-00440718 council members mr. mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-01524-00440718-00440889 Kazmir Middleton Thank You mr. mayor
4plwsfFZYL4-01525-00440889-00441099 there were some questions raised and
4plwsfFZYL4-01526-00441100-00441258 perhaps staff can address at our last
4plwsfFZYL4-01527-00441259-00441537 work session some specific questions
4plwsfFZYL4-01528-00441538-00441834 one was the reconciling or the ability
4plwsfFZYL4-01529-00441835-00442095 to reconcile the age difference the I
4plwsfFZYL4-01530-00442096-00442527 think bird has an 18 year old rule and
4plwsfFZYL4-01531-00442528-00442812 our ordinance says you can be 16 as
4plwsfFZYL4-01532-00442813-00443241 young as 16 and there any buddy from
4plwsfFZYL4-01533-00443242-00443766 staff interesting good evening Brian
4plwsfFZYL4-01534-00443767-00444045 Poole transportation yes so our
4plwsfFZYL4-01535-00444046-00444363 ordinance currently says 16 or older and
4plwsfFZYL4-01536-00444364-00444693 so any scooter company could have an 18
4plwsfFZYL4-01537-00444693-00445059 or older provision in there and they
4plwsfFZYL4-01538-00445060-00445239 would not be allowed to rent scooters if
4plwsfFZYL4-01539-00445239-00445584 they were under 18 but the other
4plwsfFZYL4-01540-00445585-00445812 companies could do that so we don't have
4plwsfFZYL4-01541-00445813-00445860 any
4plwsfFZYL4-01542-00445860-00446217 specific thing that it's not it wouldn't
4plwsfFZYL4-01543-00446218-00446364 be in conflict it would just be the
4plwsfFZYL4-01544-00446364-00446493 choice of the company they have to at
4plwsfFZYL4-01545-00446493-00446703 least be 16 but they could say that they
4plwsfFZYL4-01546-00446704-00446895 can be 18 and that's not a conflict with
4plwsfFZYL4-01547-00446896-00447096 you right and I think my query was the
4plwsfFZYL4-01548-00447097-00447395 the how amenable what was bird to that
4plwsfFZYL4-01549-00447396-00447689 is there any flexibility in your in your
4plwsfFZYL4-01550-00447691-00448059 age thank you at this point we're not
4plwsfFZYL4-01551-00448060-00448335 changing that majority of it it's just
4plwsfFZYL4-01552-00448335-00448472 because most of the cities that we
4plwsfFZYL4-01553-00448474-00448764 operate is that we operate in we have to
4plwsfFZYL4-01554-00448764-00449183 it's 18 and up however I did note to our
4plwsfFZYL4-01555-00449184-00449454 trust and safety departments and our
4plwsfFZYL4-01556-00449455-00449730 product departments two things that we
4plwsfFZYL4-01557-00449731-00449895 heard loud and clear from this council
4plwsfFZYL4-01558-00449896-00450180 was the option to either lower the age
4plwsfFZYL4-01559-00450181-00450468 and then the accepting other types of
4plwsfFZYL4-01560-00450468-00450642 documents right now we only accept
4plwsfFZYL4-01561-00450643-00450909 driver's licenses and then what we heard
4plwsfFZYL4-01562-00450910-00451187 from the council was at valid IDs and
4plwsfFZYL4-01563-00451188-00451518 and other types of identification
4plwsfFZYL4-01564-00451518-00451779 including the faith ID whether or not we
4plwsfFZYL4-01565-00451780-00451943 could accept those I've raised that with
4plwsfFZYL4-01566-00451945-00452093 our company to see if we can include
4plwsfFZYL4-01567-00452095-00452418 those in there so you don't have a
4plwsfFZYL4-01568-00452418-00452607 definitive answer tonight as to whether
4plwsfFZYL4-01569-00452608-00452829 or not you know what you know because I
4plwsfFZYL4-01570-00452830-00453135 kind of thought that was that that was
4plwsfFZYL4-01571-00453135-00453393 that was put on your plate per our last
4plwsfFZYL4-01572-00453393-00453593 work session that this council was very
4plwsfFZYL4-01573-00453593-00453885 very concerned about the accessibility
4plwsfFZYL4-01574-00453885-00454122 of the scooters an ID is one of those
4plwsfFZYL4-01575-00454122-00454460 barriers that could could curtail
4plwsfFZYL4-01576-00454460-00454805 accessibility from faith IDs to
4plwsfFZYL4-01577-00454806-00455046 passports to student there are a lot of
4plwsfFZYL4-01578-00455047-00455147 people who don't have driver's licenses
4plwsfFZYL4-01579-00455149-00455360 for any number of reasons absolutely
4plwsfFZYL4-01580-00455362-00455637 understood that the what I got from the
4plwsfFZYL4-01581-00455638-00455850 company was this is just company-wide
4plwsfFZYL4-01582-00455851-00456143 and what I've told them is we've got
4plwsfFZYL4-01583-00456145-00456357 this request from the city to make these
4plwsfFZYL4-01584-00456358-00456531 adjustments so I'm getting that answer
4plwsfFZYL4-01585-00456532-00456807 from them well this is your I appreciate
4plwsfFZYL4-01586-00456808-00456912 what the company calls for this is
4plwsfFZYL4-01587-00456913-00457181 dinner so do you have any any can you
4plwsfFZYL4-01588-00457182-00457383 prognosticate as to when your company
4plwsfFZYL4-01589-00457384-00457755 might have some some wisdom as to how
4plwsfFZYL4-01590-00457756-00457902 they'll be proceeding not at this point
4plwsfFZYL4-01591-00457903-00458033 our survey
4plwsfFZYL4-01592-00458034-00458316 mr. save manager thank you Miss Mary can
4plwsfFZYL4-01593-00458317-00458526 I ask the city attorney or maybe the
4plwsfFZYL4-01594-00458527-00458685 assistant city attorney who has worked
4plwsfFZYL4-01595-00458685-00458972 on this issue to clarify for the record
4plwsfFZYL4-01596-00458974-00459212 what is in the ordinance in terms
4plwsfFZYL4-01597-00459213-00459491 the requirement or the the requirement
4plwsfFZYL4-01598-00459492-00459735 for identification from the companies
4plwsfFZYL4-01599-00459735-00460147 that would likely be licensed Thank You
4plwsfFZYL4-01600-00460148-00460364 Fred Lamar with the City Attorney's
4plwsfFZYL4-01601-00460365-00460829 Office as mr. Poole stated to just
4plwsfFZYL4-01602-00460830-00461160 shortly the ordinance right now has the
4plwsfFZYL4-01603-00461160-00461522 age limit not the age their ID ID there
4plwsfFZYL4-01604-00461523-00461920 there is not a specific requirement that
4plwsfFZYL4-01605-00461921-00462377 companies have a specific vetting
4plwsfFZYL4-01606-00462378-00462825 procedure for identifying the riders we
4plwsfFZYL4-01607-00462826-00463025 don't we don't specify in the ordinance
4plwsfFZYL4-01608-00463026-00463295 how that should be done although we do
4plwsfFZYL4-01609-00463296-00463500 have requirements of the ordinance that
4plwsfFZYL4-01610-00463501-00463913 that looks to companies to provide for
4plwsfFZYL4-01611-00463914-00464192 means of allowing low and moderate
4plwsfFZYL4-01612-00464193-00464483 income people to be able to use the
4plwsfFZYL4-01613-00464484-00464798 scooters and devices right nothing
4plwsfFZYL4-01614-00464799-00465060 related to identification in particular
4plwsfFZYL4-01615-00465060-00465239 so that's at the discretion of the
4plwsfFZYL4-01616-00465240-00465389 company in accordance with the ordinance
4plwsfFZYL4-01617-00465390-00465596 right now there's that's correct there's
4plwsfFZYL4-01618-00465597-00465981 nothing stating they were incident thank
4plwsfFZYL4-01619-00465982-00466210 you thank you mr. Lamar Council members
4plwsfFZYL4-01620-00466211-00466673 mr. barrister mayor if I might and and
4plwsfFZYL4-01621-00466674-00466787 miss Burton I'm glad to see you here
4plwsfFZYL4-01622-00466788-00466962 this evening and and please correct me
4plwsfFZYL4-01623-00466963-00467262 if I'm wrong but at our last work
4plwsfFZYL4-01624-00467263-00467573 session I think that I put quite
4plwsfFZYL4-01625-00467574-00467873 directly a question about IDs you sure
4plwsfFZYL4-01626-00467874-00468204 and I don't think at that time you told
4plwsfFZYL4-01627-00468205-00468356 us that it was a company policy that it
4plwsfFZYL4-01628-00468357-00468668 would just be driver's licenses at that
4plwsfFZYL4-01629-00468669-00468896 time I told you I wasn't for certain
4plwsfFZYL4-01630-00468897-00469088 that I thought that they could take
4plwsfFZYL4-01631-00469089-00469316 other identifications but that I would
4plwsfFZYL4-01632-00469317-00469452 go back to the company and get
4plwsfFZYL4-01633-00469453-00469827 verification and I did and I shared all
4plwsfFZYL4-01634-00469828-00469988 the the whole there were like four
4plwsfFZYL4-01635-00469989-00470165 different items that you guys wanted
4plwsfFZYL4-01636-00470166-00470402 feedback and follow up on I took those
4plwsfFZYL4-01637-00470403-00470645 back to bird and actually got their
4plwsfFZYL4-01638-00470646-00470862 responses and shared those with mr.
4plwsfFZYL4-01639-00470863-00470972 Poole and the Transportation Department
4plwsfFZYL4-01640-00470973-00471279 as well and one of them was that at this
4plwsfFZYL4-01641-00471280-00471533 time they're only set up as mr. as far
4plwsfFZYL4-01642-00471534-00471735 as I said only set up to accept driver's
4plwsfFZYL4-01643-00471735-00472022 license but they are it's a just hasn't
4plwsfFZYL4-01644-00472023-00472256 been raised in other cities so it's
4plwsfFZYL4-01645-00472257-00472442 something that they are looking at and
4plwsfFZYL4-01646-00472443-00472483 for
4plwsfFZYL4-01647-00472484-00472804 it's not a definitive yes we can accept
4plwsfFZYL4-01648-00472805-00473020 them tomorrow or no we cannot but it is
4plwsfFZYL4-01649-00473021-00473188 something that they're looking into and
4plwsfFZYL4-01650-00473189-00473374 so that's what I passed along to mr.
4plwsfFZYL4-01651-00473375-00473596 Poole on transportation as well but you
4plwsfFZYL4-01652-00473597-00473809 you did ask those questions and at that
4plwsfFZYL4-01653-00473810-00474004 time I told you I wasn't that I thought
4plwsfFZYL4-01654-00474005-00474187 they would take alternative forms
4plwsfFZYL4-01655-00474188-00474397 outside as long as they were valid and
4plwsfFZYL4-01656-00474397-00474631 issued by an agency but I would have to
4plwsfFZYL4-01657-00474632-00475164 confirm so let me just I'm sorry
4plwsfFZYL4-01658-00475166-00475363 councilmembers one second sir Miss
4plwsfFZYL4-01659-00475364-00475785 America so councilmembers what we're
4plwsfFZYL4-01660-00475787-00475966 talking about here is our ordinates not
4plwsfFZYL4-01661-00475967-00476299 the policy of this company and so excuse
4plwsfFZYL4-01662-00476300-00476472 a second so what we're talking about
4plwsfFZYL4-01663-00476474-00476776 here is is our ordinance and we can have
4plwsfFZYL4-01664-00476777-00477010 whatever ID requirements that we would
4plwsfFZYL4-01665-00477010-00477142 like in our ordinance is that correct
4plwsfFZYL4-01666-00477143-00477664 mr. Lamarre I don't know how to answer
4plwsfFZYL4-01667-00477664-00477895 that exactly I think that we we would
4plwsfFZYL4-01668-00477896-00478105 try to put whatever requirements the
4plwsfFZYL4-01669-00478106-00478357 council desired if you specify what they
4plwsfFZYL4-01670-00478358-00478675 are and we would look into the the
4plwsfFZYL4-01671-00478676-00478860 feasibility of doing that and illegal
4plwsfFZYL4-01672-00478862-00479418 thank you great so we did talk at our
4plwsfFZYL4-01673-00479418-00479674 councilmember park as our work sessions
4plwsfFZYL4-01674-00479675-00479929 councilmember Middleton has has been
4plwsfFZYL4-01675-00479930-00480109 making the point of various use of
4plwsfFZYL4-01676-00480110-00480285 various other ideas besides the driver's
4plwsfFZYL4-01677-00480287-00480706 license including the IDS that he
4plwsfFZYL4-01678-00480707-00481054 discussed and I just think we need to
4plwsfFZYL4-01679-00481055-00481239 figure out if that's important for us to
4plwsfFZYL4-01680-00481241-00481518 put in our ordinance if it is we can
4plwsfFZYL4-01681-00481518-00481813 send us back and ask that we have some
4plwsfFZYL4-01682-00481814-00482289 new identification allow different kinds
4plwsfFZYL4-01683-00482291-00482620 of identifications as a requirement for
4plwsfFZYL4-01684-00482621-00482818 the company so that is one possibility
4plwsfFZYL4-01685-00482818-00483016 that's in front of us I don't think we
4plwsfFZYL4-01686-00483017-00483328 can ask I don't in other words this is
4plwsfFZYL4-01687-00483329-00483472 not about what birds policies are
4plwsfFZYL4-01688-00483472-00483679 there's about what our policies are and
4plwsfFZYL4-01689-00483680-00483808 so we need to be thinking about our
4plwsfFZYL4-01690-00483809-00484018 ordinance in that way councilmember
4plwsfFZYL4-01691-00484018-00484222 Freeman I think you answered my question
4plwsfFZYL4-01692-00484222-00484453 I specifically wanted to just clarify
4plwsfFZYL4-01693-00484454-00484846 that this was based on us and what I'm
4plwsfFZYL4-01694-00484847-00485095 hearing if I'm correct is that you're
4plwsfFZYL4-01695-00485096-00485350 it's a technology issue not a not a
4plwsfFZYL4-01696-00485351-00485653 whether you would or you wouldn't so my
4plwsfFZYL4-01697-00485654-00485843 understanding like there's a scan
4plwsfFZYL4-01698-00485844-00486145 that happens for an ID and that ID
4plwsfFZYL4-01699-00486146-00486352 scanned it's limited to the driver's
4plwsfFZYL4-01700-00486353-00486564 license you're looking into whether you
4plwsfFZYL4-01701-00486566-00486722 would be able to do anything differently
4plwsfFZYL4-01702-00486723-00486985 that's not you know the capability is
4plwsfFZYL4-01703-00486985-00487249 not there right now it hasn't been
4plwsfFZYL4-01704-00487250-00487462 company policy to accept that just yet
4plwsfFZYL4-01705-00487463-00487660 and because of that because it's
4plwsfFZYL4-01706-00487660-00487918 technology driven I would encourage us
4plwsfFZYL4-01707-00487918-00488062 to make sure that we do have the
4plwsfFZYL4-01708-00488063-00488235 ordinance in place and if we need it as
4plwsfFZYL4-01709-00488235-00488503 technology improves to allow for
4plwsfFZYL4-01710-00488504-00488827 additional IDs we should move forward to
4plwsfFZYL4-01711-00488828-00489045 add that into our ordinance but not put
4plwsfFZYL4-01712-00489046-00489247 that in tonight because you wouldn't
4plwsfFZYL4-01713-00489247-00489457 want to prevent other organizations from
4plwsfFZYL4-01714-00489458-00489735 being able to provide the service or
4plwsfFZYL4-01715-00489735-00490020 just hold off altogether so that we have
4plwsfFZYL4-01716-00490021-00490335 no ordinance in place just because it's
4plwsfFZYL4-01717-00490337-00490513 technology driven it's not something
4plwsfFZYL4-01718-00490514-00490675 that's not possible it's just not
4plwsfFZYL4-01719-00490676-00490914 possible right now based on what their
4plwsfFZYL4-01720-00490916-00491164 model is in their business but I think
4plwsfFZYL4-01721-00491164-00491413 it's just
4plwsfFZYL4-01722-00491414-00491578 Thank You mr. Esparza could you come
4plwsfFZYL4-01723-00491579-00491997 back so I wasn't clear about your answer
4plwsfFZYL4-01724-00491998-00492256 to councilmember Freeman's question is
4plwsfFZYL4-01725-00492257-00492784 this technology driven the issue with if
4plwsfFZYL4-01726-00492785-00493035 so if someone for instance if someone
4plwsfFZYL4-01727-00493037-00493627 has a form of state ID that is accepted
4plwsfFZYL4-01728-00493628-00493768 similar to kind of like a driver's
4plwsfFZYL4-01729-00493768-00493876 license but it doesn't give you the
4plwsfFZYL4-01730-00493877-00494158 right to drive a vehicle that's easier
4plwsfFZYL4-01731-00494159-00494545 for us to scan and and in a timely
4plwsfFZYL4-01732-00494546-00494670 manner that allows you to create the
4plwsfFZYL4-01733-00494671-00494970 account for an ID like a faith ID that
4plwsfFZYL4-01734-00494971-00495250 is specific to Durham that I have to go
4plwsfFZYL4-01735-00495251-00495451 back to the team to see and then we have
4plwsfFZYL4-01736-00495452-00495639 to make sure that the team members that
4plwsfFZYL4-01737-00495641-00495907 verify the types of identifications have
4plwsfFZYL4-01738-00495908-00496122 the capability to recognize this and
4plwsfFZYL4-01739-00496123-00496387 then understand that so that's it's a
4plwsfFZYL4-01740-00496388-00496575 lot more than just the tech it's the
4plwsfFZYL4-01741-00496576-00496804 behind the scenes the individuals that
4plwsfFZYL4-01742-00496805-00496981 are responsible to make sure that the
4plwsfFZYL4-01743-00496982-00497139 person that created this account is a
4plwsfFZYL4-01744-00497139-00497397 person who has scanned this type of form
4plwsfFZYL4-01745-00497398-00497893 of ID and is a form of ID in fact a
4plwsfFZYL4-01746-00497893-00498175 faith ID that we've as a company have
4plwsfFZYL4-01747-00498176-00498442 approved as a form of ID so it's a lot
4plwsfFZYL4-01748-00498443-00498634 more complicated which is why the
4plwsfFZYL4-01749-00498635-00498877 timeline is uncertain for us especially
4plwsfFZYL4-01750-00498878-00499135 because it's been standard
4plwsfFZYL4-01751-00499136-00499412 in other cities where we operate and so
4plwsfFZYL4-01752-00499413-00499622 when I brought this up to them just like
4plwsfFZYL4-01753-00499622-00499912 that's not out of the question but
4plwsfFZYL4-01754-00499913-00500072 that's something that the team has to
4plwsfFZYL4-01755-00500072-00500218 have some time to look into the
4plwsfFZYL4-01756-00500219-00500603 implement okay questions comments Kazmir
4plwsfFZYL4-01757-00500604-00500831 Middleton Thank You mr. mayor I want to
4plwsfFZYL4-01758-00500832-00500999 be clear I'm not advocating to bring
4plwsfFZYL4-01759-00501000-00501203 this to a grinding halt and I am clear
4plwsfFZYL4-01760-00501204-00501412 that we cannot compel you in terms of
4plwsfFZYL4-01761-00501413-00501635 your internal company policy or culture
4plwsfFZYL4-01762-00501635-00501835 but my and we can put whatever we want
4plwsfFZYL4-01763-00501836-00502039 in our ordinance but I what I want to be
4plwsfFZYL4-01764-00502040-00502154 clear is that you have an understanding
4plwsfFZYL4-01765-00502155-00502307 of what the values of don't work for
4plwsfFZYL4-01766-00502308-00502457 your company I work for Durham that you
4plwsfFZYL4-01767-00502458-00502577 you have a clear understanding of what
4plwsfFZYL4-01768-00502578-00502837 the values of Durham are and my sense is
4plwsfFZYL4-01769-00502838-00503064 that it's a bit surprising to me that
4plwsfFZYL4-01770-00503065-00503312 you guys would not have been conversant
4plwsfFZYL4-01771-00503313-00503635 about this earlier in this process it
4plwsfFZYL4-01772-00503636-00503941 seems almost like Eureka tonight about
4plwsfFZYL4-01773-00503942-00504083 when we asked about this I asked very
4plwsfFZYL4-01774-00504084-00504291 directly about this at our work session
4plwsfFZYL4-01775-00504292-00504779 so I want to be clear that I'm not I'm
4plwsfFZYL4-01776-00504780-00504941 not recommending that it come to a halt
4plwsfFZYL4-01777-00504942-00505472 but I am a bit a bit surprised at the
4plwsfFZYL4-01778-00505472-00505768 the level of detail tonight when we're
4plwsfFZYL4-01779-00505769-00506012 supposed to vote when these questions
4plwsfFZYL4-01780-00506013-00506293 were put very directly and I'm sure this
4plwsfFZYL4-01781-00506294-00506426 was already written down and surly
4plwsfFZYL4-01782-00506427-00506791 codify an in company culture so I'll
4plwsfFZYL4-01783-00506792-00506914 just leave it at that you wanted uh
4plwsfFZYL4-01784-00506915-00507350 thank you thank you mr. Maurice
4plwsfFZYL4-01785-00507351-00507632 Thank You mr. mayor I want to thank my
4plwsfFZYL4-01786-00507633-00507937 colleagues for doing a great job
4plwsfFZYL4-01787-00507938-00508114 representing Durham about derms values
4plwsfFZYL4-01788-00508115-00508318 tonight I know that this is an issue
4plwsfFZYL4-01789-00508319-00508562 that was raised at the work session it's
4plwsfFZYL4-01790-00508563-00508847 important I think what we're running up
4plwsfFZYL4-01791-00508847-00509270 against is again I shared councilman
4plwsfFZYL4-01792-00509271-00509606 Middleton's surprise that we're the that
4plwsfFZYL4-01793-00509607-00509839 this hasn't been raised before in other
4plwsfFZYL4-01794-00509840-00510193 communities and I appreciate how
4plwsfFZYL4-01795-00510193-00510397 important it is to all of us to make
4plwsfFZYL4-01796-00510398-00510566 sure that these devices are accessible
4plwsfFZYL4-01797-00510567-00510833 to folks here in the city as possible I
4plwsfFZYL4-01798-00510834-00511160 didn't want to just say that I I think
4plwsfFZYL4-01799-00511160-00511468 this is this ordinance is not the end of
4plwsfFZYL4-01800-00511469-00511628 the conversation about these devices
4plwsfFZYL4-01801-00511629-00511760 this is the beginning of the
4plwsfFZYL4-01802-00511760-00512120 conversation in a sense if we do vote
4plwsfFZYL4-01803-00512121-00512354 tonight to pass this ordinance and then
4plwsfFZYL4-01804-00512355-00512426 the
4plwsfFZYL4-01805-00512427-00512663 moves into a permanent process I think
4plwsfFZYL4-01806-00512664-00512849 that the conversation that we've had
4plwsfFZYL4-01807-00512850-00513072 here tonight about different forms of ID
4plwsfFZYL4-01808-00513074-00513314 and some of the other issues we raised
4plwsfFZYL4-01809-00513314-00513614 previously will continue with offenders
4plwsfFZYL4-01810-00513614-00513917 of these of these devices and I think
4plwsfFZYL4-01811-00513918-00514133 that is a conversation I look forward to
4plwsfFZYL4-01812-00514134-00514297 continue to be a part of as a council
4plwsfFZYL4-01813-00514299-00514667 and as a city I think the the direction
4plwsfFZYL4-01814-00514668-00514904 that I think these that these devices
4plwsfFZYL4-01815-00514905-00515234 are moving is likely to be more
4plwsfFZYL4-01816-00515235-00515410 accessible to more types of folks and
4plwsfFZYL4-01817-00515412-00515597 not less accessible to fewer types of
4plwsfFZYL4-01818-00515597-00515750 folks I think one of the ways that we
4plwsfFZYL4-01819-00515751-00515870 make them more accessible is by
4plwsfFZYL4-01820-00515871-00516067 accepting other forms of identification
4plwsfFZYL4-01821-00516068-00516425 and I think I do appreciate the folks
4plwsfFZYL4-01822-00516426-00516563 from bird being here tonight to talk a
4plwsfFZYL4-01823-00516564-00516779 little bit about how that conversation
4plwsfFZYL4-01824-00516780-00516989 gets moved forward and I just know that
4plwsfFZYL4-01825-00516989-00517178 they know and our staff knows that it's
4plwsfFZYL4-01826-00517179-00517307 a priority for the council for the
4plwsfFZYL4-01827-00517308-00517481 people of this city and we look forward
4plwsfFZYL4-01828-00517482-00517607 to seeing what else you can do to help
4plwsfFZYL4-01829-00517608-00517835 more of our residents enjoy these
4plwsfFZYL4-01830-00517835-00518081 devices Thank You mr. mayor Thank You
4plwsfFZYL4-01831-00518082-00518327 councilmember any other comments or
4plwsfFZYL4-01832-00518328-00518606 questions any other comments or
4plwsfFZYL4-01833-00518607-00519356 questions so I'm prepared to move
4plwsfFZYL4-01834-00519357-00519562 forward with us tonight but I am
4plwsfFZYL4-01835-00519563-00520195 struggling a little bit to figure out
4plwsfFZYL4-01836-00520196-00520517 you all are going to be not the only
4plwsfFZYL4-01837-00520518-00520985 purveyor of these mr. Esparza and miss
4plwsfFZYL4-01838-00520985-00521122 Byrd you're not going to be the only
4plwsfFZYL4-01839-00521122-00521429 purveyors of these devices but you will
4plwsfFZYL4-01840-00521430-00521737 be significant purveyors of them and
4plwsfFZYL4-01841-00521738-00522059 it's I'm struggling to figure out how we
4plwsfFZYL4-01842-00522060-00522747 can understand with some level of
4plwsfFZYL4-01843-00522749-00523139 certainty what efforts you all will be
4plwsfFZYL4-01844-00523139-00523339 making along these lines within your
4plwsfFZYL4-01845-00523341-00523616 company can you give me any comfort on
4plwsfFZYL4-01846-00523617-00524222 that I can't speak for any other
4plwsfFZYL4-01847-00524222-00524477 companies but I will show all the folks
4plwsfFZYL4-01848-00524478-00524651 that are in charge of making these
4plwsfFZYL4-01849-00524652-00524903 decisions as part of this video to make
4plwsfFZYL4-01850-00524904-00525073 sure it's loud and clear to them that
4plwsfFZYL4-01851-00525074-00525377 Durham City Council has spoken about the
4plwsfFZYL4-01852-00525378-00525650 specific piece that gives you any
4plwsfFZYL4-01853-00525651-00525766 comfort
4plwsfFZYL4-01854-00525767-00526020 little bit mr. mayor could I add one bit
4plwsfFZYL4-01855-00526021-00526663 of information I haven't used the one of
4plwsfFZYL4-01856-00526664-00526804 the I haven't use any of the competitors
4plwsfFZYL4-01857-00526805-00527145 for this service I've only done bird in
4plwsfFZYL4-01858-00527146-00527515 Raleigh couple months ago but I can tell
4plwsfFZYL4-01859-00527516-00527745 you that I have used lime for the bikes
4plwsfFZYL4-01860-00527746-00528168 here in Durham and they didn't have a
4plwsfFZYL4-01861-00528169-00528562 similar scanning procedure I don't know
4plwsfFZYL4-01862-00528563-00528715 if that if they have something separate
4plwsfFZYL4-01863-00528716-00529012 in the app for scooters but it is the
4plwsfFZYL4-01864-00529013-00529210 same app that lime uses for both the
4plwsfFZYL4-01865-00529211-00529341 bikes and the scooters I'd be very
4plwsfFZYL4-01866-00529342-00529513 surprised if there was some additional
4plwsfFZYL4-01867-00529514-00529930 steps that you take so I I'm sorry that
4plwsfFZYL4-01868-00529931-00530038 there's not a representative from lime
4plwsfFZYL4-01869-00530039-00530275 here tonight but I think I guess what
4plwsfFZYL4-01870-00530276-00530422 I'm trying to suggest is it's entirely
4plwsfFZYL4-01871-00530423-00530638 likely at least in terms of what I've
4plwsfFZYL4-01872-00530639-00530841 seen in the technology that this is not
4plwsfFZYL4-01873-00530842-00531178 an issue with limes implementation I
4plwsfFZYL4-01874-00531179-00531349 think bird has chosen a different route
4plwsfFZYL4-01875-00531350-00531538 to do a scan on the drivers license
4plwsfFZYL4-01876-00531539-00531802 which I experienced myself when I used
4plwsfFZYL4-01877-00531803-00532054 him in Raleigh just parenthetically I
4plwsfFZYL4-01878-00532055-00532309 was rejected because my driver's license
4plwsfFZYL4-01879-00532310-00532591 had expired the day before but luckily
4plwsfFZYL4-01880-00532592-00532786 for everyone concerned before that
4plwsfFZYL4-01881-00532787-00532968 happened over the weekend I applied for
4plwsfFZYL4-01882-00532969-00533188 a renewal license that was in the mail
4plwsfFZYL4-01883-00533189-00533383 to me and they let me print out a sheet
4plwsfFZYL4-01884-00533384-00533668 so that wasn't riding dirty and when I
4plwsfFZYL4-01885-00533669-00533845 was driving I could show that to law
4plwsfFZYL4-01886-00533846-00534049 enforcement I called the nice folks at
4plwsfFZYL4-01887-00534050-00534415 bird spoke with a very helpful customer
4plwsfFZYL4-01888-00534416-00534649 a service representative who showed me
4plwsfFZYL4-01889-00534650-00534966 how to bypass the scan of the driver's
4plwsfFZYL4-01890-00534967-00535122 license and directly input my date of
4plwsfFZYL4-01891-00535123-00535384 birth and other information and so I
4plwsfFZYL4-01892-00535385-00535600 know that there are the possibilities of
4plwsfFZYL4-01893-00535601-00535861 some workarounds if folks are trying to
4plwsfFZYL4-01894-00535862-00536053 use these devices so anyway that's all I
4plwsfFZYL4-01895-00536054-00536116 had to say about that
4plwsfFZYL4-01896-00536117-00536745 thank you any other councilmembers just
4plwsfFZYL4-01897-00536746-00537004 want to be sure that you're it based on
4plwsfFZYL4-01898-00537005-00537283 councilmember Reese's comments are your
4plwsfFZYL4-01899-00537284-00537555 services your customer service supports
4plwsfFZYL4-01900-00537556-00537811 offered in both English and Spanish or
4plwsfFZYL4-01901-00537812-00538003 multiple languages that's just acts just
4plwsfFZYL4-01902-00538004-00538430 wanna make sure
4plwsfFZYL4-01903-00538431-00539182 mr. Esparza so we discussed the faith ID
4plwsfFZYL4-01904-00539183-00539905 at the work session this is the faith ID
4plwsfFZYL4-01905-00539906-00540107 thousands of people in Durham have this
4plwsfFZYL4-01906-00540108-00540470 entity I know that a year ago I believe
4plwsfFZYL4-01907-00540471-00540647 3000 people had already been issued the
4plwsfFZYL4-01908-00540648-00540779 ID I'm not sure how many there are now
4plwsfFZYL4-01909-00540780-00541106 and many of these people hold the ID
4plwsfFZYL4-01910-00541107-00541268 particularly because they don't have a
4plwsfFZYL4-01911-00541269-00541502 driver's license and it's important for
4plwsfFZYL4-01912-00541503-00541630 us that these people be able to have
4plwsfFZYL4-01913-00541631-00542057 access to these devices I hear you on
4plwsfFZYL4-01914-00542058-00542489 the issue of the technology and I hear
4plwsfFZYL4-01915-00542490-00542858 you on the issue of the kind of ability
4plwsfFZYL4-01916-00542859-00543113 to sounds to me like make exceptions for
4plwsfFZYL4-01917-00543114-00543281 individual cities is really what part of
4plwsfFZYL4-01918-00543282-00543422 the problem sounds like it is is that
4plwsfFZYL4-01919-00543423-00543761 right yes sir right so I just want to
4plwsfFZYL4-01920-00543762-00544125 stress to you that we will be looking
4plwsfFZYL4-01921-00544126-00544445 for your company Lyme and whoever else
4plwsfFZYL4-01922-00544446-00544772 is in the market to be doing this work
4plwsfFZYL4-01923-00544773-00545012 so that everybody in Durham will
4plwsfFZYL4-01924-00545013-00545363 whatever their whatever their
4plwsfFZYL4-01925-00545364-00545534 identification whatever their
4plwsfFZYL4-01926-00545535-00545732 immigration status and so forth is able
4plwsfFZYL4-01927-00545733-00546092 to use these devices so I will be
4plwsfFZYL4-01928-00546093-00546488 looking forward to to that and I'm sure
4plwsfFZYL4-01929-00546489-00546590 this won't be the last that you'll be
4plwsfFZYL4-01930-00546591-00546910 hearing from us all so thank you
4plwsfFZYL4-01931-00546911-00547166 council members council member cobi Adam
4plwsfFZYL4-01932-00547167-00547292 I just want to reiterate that I'm
4plwsfFZYL4-01933-00547293-00547559 interested in beyond the faith ID and I
4plwsfFZYL4-01934-00547560-00547697 think council member Middleton has also
4plwsfFZYL4-01935-00547698-00547859 said that my questions at the work
4plwsfFZYL4-01936-00547860-00548015 session we're around passports and
4plwsfFZYL4-01937-00548016-00548250 driver's license and metrical excellence
4plwsfFZYL4-01938-00548251-00548506 what that is as well thank you so
4plwsfFZYL4-01939-00548507-00548815 passports driver's licenses and
4plwsfFZYL4-01940-00548816-00549215 matricula consular are you familiar with
4plwsfFZYL4-01941-00549216-00549452 those
4plwsfFZYL4-01942-00549453-00549857 okay any other questions or comments if
4plwsfFZYL4-01943-00549858-00550193 not mr. May I'll make a motion to
4plwsfFZYL4-01944-00550194-00550442 approve the ordinance thank you Thank
4plwsfFZYL4-01945-00550443-00550562 You council member Reece is there a
4plwsfFZYL4-01946-00550563-00550847 second second it's been moved and
4plwsfFZYL4-01947-00550848-00551096 seconded that we approve item six the
4plwsfFZYL4-01948-00551097-00551246 ordinance established firming procedure
4plwsfFZYL4-01949-00551247-00551390 to regulate the operation of shared
4plwsfFZYL4-01950-00551391-00551593 active transportation comes
4plwsfFZYL4-01951-00551594-00552080 Madame clerk please open the boat please
4plwsfFZYL4-01952-00552081-00552712 close the vote the motion passes 7-0
4plwsfFZYL4-01953-00552713-00552980 thank you very much if there are no
4plwsfFZYL4-01954-00552981-00553250 other items to come no other business to
4plwsfFZYL4-01955-00553251-00553460 come before this also the meeting is
4plwsfFZYL4-01956-00553461-00553877 adjourned at 8:30 p.m.