Question: what are the initial symptoms of Covid-19?

A 53-year-old man with no prior psychiatric or medical history presented to the emergency department after a suicide attempt, triggered by auditory hallucinations. He was uncooperative and developed fever, tachycardia, and elevated blood urea nitrogen and transaminases. SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed through RT-PCR. Neurological examination was non-contributory. The patient reported that his initial symptom

A systematic review of nine articles involving 12 patients with pre-existing dermatologic disorders and COVID-19 found that while underlying diseases were exacerbated, most patients experienced mild to moderate symptoms and did not require ICU admission. Biologic or immunosuppressive/immunomodulator agents were ceased during the infection, but treatment resumed after recovery. The course and management of COVID-19 in these patients were similar to the general

A systematic review of nine articles involving 12 patients with specific skin disorders and COVID-19 found that most required mild-moderate treatment, with only one requiring ICU admission. Biologic or immunosuppressive/immunomodulator agents were ceased during infection but resumed after recovery to prevent severe recurrence and cytokine storms. The course of COVID-19 and its management were similar to the general population, with exacerb

In critically ill COVID-19 patients, oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common complication due to respiratory-swallowing incoordination from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or respiratory support interventions. Medical and rehabilitation professionals should recognize dysphagia as a potential prognostic complication, provide referrals, and initiate early interventions.

This passage is about the COVID-19 pandemic, which was declared a global health crisis by the World Health Organization in early 2020. The virus can be asymptomatic, and there is ongoing debate about how to handle surgeries for patients suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19. This study, initiated by the Turkish Surgical Association, aims to provide guidance for surgeons regarding mandatory surgeries for these patients based on available data.

The passage discusses the emerging evidence of nervous system involvement in COVID-19 patients caused by SARS-CoV-2. Initially, the focus was on respiratory dysregulations, but recent studies suggest that the virus may also invade other end-organs, including the nervous system. Symptoms such as anosmia, dysgeusia, ataxia, and altered mental status may be early signs of neurotropic potential. The recognition of these

A previous viewpoint highlighted the potential for nervous system involvement in COVID-19 patients despite initial focus on respiratory symptoms. Recent studies have provided evidence of this neurovirulence, including reports of anosmia, dysgeusia, ataxia, and altered mental status. These findings have helped clinicians better understand the scope of SARS-CoV-2's impact on various organs.

The passage discusses the potential ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19, specifically conjunctivitis, based on anecdotal and published reports and previous experiences during the SARS outbreak. Lack of eye protection was identified as a risk factor for transmission of SARS-CoV through ocular secretions. Concerns have been raised about the potential transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through the same route, particularly among eye care providers.

A case report of an elderly male who presented with rhabdomyolysis, later diagnosed with COVID-19. Rhabdomyolysis can be an initial or late symptom of COVID-19. Prompt diagnosis is crucial for improving patient outcomes and controlling outbreaks. Patients with rhabdomyolysis should receive aggressive fluid administration to prevent acute kidney injury, but COVID-19 patients require cautious fluid administration to avoid worsening respiratory

A systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 studies on 3563 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection found an overall prevalence of self-reported altered sense of smell or taste to be 47%. Prevalence was higher in severe symptomatic patients (67%) than in mild-to-moderate cases (31%). Loss of smell and taste preceded other symptoms in 20% of cases and was

The COVID-19 pandemic affects children, but their symptoms are usually mild and include fever, dry cough, rhinorrhea, sore throat, fatigue, diarrhea, or vomiting. Severe respiratory issues are rare in children. Testing and imaging are of little value, and supportive care is recommended. No specific therapy or antiviral treatment is advised for healthy children. Children with compromised immune systems should be isolated.

A participatory digital contact tracing approach using anonymous notifications is discussed as a supplemental method for COVID-19 contact tracing in countries with limited healthcare resources and technology. Confirmed cases can provide contact information, and the system automatically sends messages to contacts, informing them of their status, actions to take, and advice for early care if symptoms develop. The sender's name can be anonymous, and messages contain a security code for contacts to access detailed information.

This study aimed to describe and classify the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 based on a nationwide case collection survey in Spain. Five clinical patterns were identified: acral areas of erythema with vesicles or pustules (pseudo-chilblain), other vesicular eruptions, urticarial lesions, maculopapular eruptions, and livedo or necrosis. The pseudo-chilbl

Seven COVID-19 patients out of 142, admitted to Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, presented with gastrointestinal symptoms as their initial or main symptoms. Three patients had gastrointestinal symptoms at the onset, while four developed them during disease progression. Symptoms included diarrhea (3-16 days), anorexia (7-22 days), upper abdominal discomfort (

During the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, a study was conducted on the psychological impact on the general adult population (N = 3055). The outbreak led to a state of alarm, requiring citizens to stay confined at home. This drastic change caused significant psychosocial impacts, including anxiety, stress, and depression. The study examined various factors associated with mental health, including demographics, concern about the pandemic, environmental conditions, daily life changes,

The University of Washington Medicine health system in Seattle-King County responded to the first reported COVID-19 case and death in the United States in late January and February 2020. UW Medicine collaborated with local, state, and national public health agencies to address the crisis, focusing on community support, scientific innovation, policy leadership, and adaptability. Balancing commitments to various stakeholders, UW Medicine ensured high-quality patient care throughout the pandemic.

A retrospective study of 211 COVID-19 patients with asymptomatic or mild symptoms identified body temperature, chills, initial chest X-ray findings, and diabetes as risk factors for disease progression to severe stages. The odds of transfer to severe care were increased 12.7-fold for abnormal chest X-ray findings, 6.32-fold for chills, and 64.1-fold for diabetes. Clinicians should closely

The passage discusses the use of smartphone sensors for contact tracing apps during the COVID-19 pandemic. These sensors include Bluetooth, digital compass, accelerometer, GPS, Wi-Fi capabilities, microphone, humidity sensors, health tracking sensors, and camera. Governments have turned to these features to trace individuals with symptoms of the virus. However, privacy concerns arise as these sensors can disclose private information. The passage analyzes various contact tracing apps, examining the required permissions,

A report summarizes the lack of published evidence on anosmia and ageusia (loss of smell and taste) as symptoms of COVID-19. Oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy or immune therapy, who experience these symptoms, should contact their acute oncology support line for advice. Experts suggest these symptoms could be used as a potential trigger for testing or self-isolation until more data is available. Currently, there are no reported cases of COVID-19 patients

The passage discusses the urgent need for research on the transmissibility of COVID-19 from humans to companion animals and livestock, with potential consequences including continued human infection, food security issues, and disruptions to military operations. The article suggests collecting data on which animal species can be infected, their sources of infection, the period of infectivity, and transmissibility to other animals and humans. It also emphasizes the importance of identifying the best diagnostic tests and disease markers in

The passage discusses the urgent need for research on the transmissibility of COVID-19 from humans to companion animals and livestock. The potential consequences include the animals serving as reservoirs of infection, disruptions to food security, economy, and trade, and impacts on military service animals. The article suggests collecting data on which animal species can be infected, their period of infectivity, and transmissibility, as well as the best diagnostic tests and disease markers. Opportunities

A mathematical model was used to assess the effectiveness of isolation and contact tracing in controlling COVID-19 outbreaks. The study found that with five initial cases, an R0 of 1.5, and no transmission before symptom onset, the outbreak could be controlled even with low contact tracing probability. However, the probability of controlling an outbreak decreased with the number of initial cases, higher R0 values, and more transmission before symptom onset. To control the majority of outbreaks

The COVID-19 pandemic currently lacks randomized controlled trials proving the effectiveness of antiviral therapies. Despite this, physicians are widely prescribing various drugs to COVID-19 patients in the hope of a cure, deviating from the evidence-based medicine approach. There is a need for more research to establish effective routine care practices for managing COVID-19 symptoms and combating the disease's pathology.

A case report of a COVID-19 patient in China with diarrhea as the initial symptom, which is less commonly reported. The typical symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, cough, dyspnea, and myalgia or fatigue. Less common symptoms include headache, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. This patient underwent CT scan, laboratory examination, and viral RNA detection in the pharynx, confirming the

A case series study conducted between March 25 and April 15, 2020, assessed initial symptoms of COVID-19 in 140 nonhospitalized patients. The most common symptoms were cough and weakness (37.5%). Olfactory and taste dysfunctions were reported by 25.8% of patients, with women more commonly experiencing these symptoms (P = .018 for taste dysfunction and P < .001

A case series study conducted between March 25 and April 15, 2020, assessed initial symptoms of COVID-19 in 140 nonhospitalized patients. The most common symptoms were cough and weakness (37.5%). Olfactory and taste dysfunctions were reported by 25.8% of patients, with women more commonly experiencing these symptoms. Anosmia and facial pain were more common among women (P < .0

This paper uses scenario planning to identify uncertainties related to COVID-19 and potential futures for faculty and universities in Canada and other areas with rising epidemic curves and publicly funded institutions. The focus is on preparing for plausible futures based on current uncertainties.

A mathematical model was used to assess the effectiveness of isolation and contact tracing in controlling COVID-19 outbreaks caused by imported cases of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The study found that the number of initial cases, basic reproduction number (R0), delay from symptom onset to isolation, probability of contact tracing, proportion of transmission before symptom onset, and proportion of subclinical infections all impact the feasibility of controlling outbreaks. The findings

A new mutation of coronavirus, covid-19, declared a pandemic by WHO, is causing alarm and leading to increased social media activity in Bogota, Colombia. Text mining techniques are being used to analyze the symptom-related publications of Colombian residents within a 50 km radius to understand the spread of covid-19 in the area.

The passage discusses the objectives, methods, results, and conclusions of a study on the SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 epidemics. The study identifies inadequate risk assessment and limited reporting within China as contributing factors to the rapid spread of COVID-19. Compared to SARS and MERS, COVID-19 has spread more rapidly due to increased globalization and the location of the outbreak in Wuhan, a major transportation hub. The

COVID-19, the pandemic disease causing respiratory symptoms, also presents neurological manifestations including headache, dizziness, convulsions, and cerebrovascular disease. This review discusses the neurological symptoms of COVID-19 and potential mechanisms of central nervous system involvement. Early recognition and management by clinicians, particularly internists, neurologists, and infectious disease specialists, is crucial for improving patient prognosis and preventing disease dissemination.

A 73-year-old man presented at a university hospital in Saudi Arabia with delirium as the only symptom of COVID-19 infection, despite having no fever or respiratory symptoms. He was diagnosed with COVID-19 through a swab test and recovered quickly with no residual effects. This case highlights the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of COVID-19 to ensure timely diagnosis and prevent outbreaks in healthcare facilities.

A 73-year-old man presented at a university hospital in Saudi Arabia with delirium as the only symptom of COVID-19 infection, despite having no fever or respiratory symptoms. He was diagnosed with COVID-19 through a swab test and recovered quickly with no residual effects. This case highlights the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of COVID-19 to ensure timely diagnosis, appropriate care, and prevention of outbreaks in healthcare facilities

A study of 535 COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China, found that 5.0% presented with conjunctival congestion, with an average duration of 5.9 days. Other ocular symptoms like increased secretion, pain, photophobia, dry eye, and tearing were also observed. Hand-eye contact was linked to conjunctival congestion. Some patients had chronic eye diseases such as conjunctivitis, x

A study of 535 COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China, found that 5.0% presented with conjunctival congestion, which had an average duration of 5.9 days. Other ocular symptoms like increased secretion, pain, photophobia, dry eye, and tearing were also observed. Hand-eye contact was linked to conjunctival congestion. Some patients had chronic eye diseases such as conjunctivitis,

The first two confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the Philippines were described in this report. Both patients were Chinese nationals on vacation in the country and were admitted to the national infectious disease referral hospital in Manila. Patient 1, a 39-year-old female, had symptoms of cough and sore throat and was the first confirmed case in the Philippines on January 30, 2020. Patient 2, a 44-year

A study emphasizes the importance of early initiation of antiviral treatment for COVID-19 in clinical trials due to the heterogeneity of virus dynamics among patients and the limited effectiveness of antiviral drugs if initiated after a short period following symptom onset.

The passage discusses the surprising observation that children have a lower infection rate and severity of COVID-19 symptoms despite having an immature immune system. It explains that clinical data from the pandemic suggests this trend, and goes on to explore the components of children's immune systems, the role of maternal transmission of immunity, and potential explanations for this phenomenon.

A patient with COVID-19 presented to the intensive care unit with disrupted taste and flavor perception (hypogeusia) as the initial symptom before developing respiratory involvement. The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, causes a range of symptoms from mild upper respiratory infection to severe respiratory distress and death. Olfactory dysfunction, including hyposmia and dysgeusia, has been reported in mild or asymptomatic

A report examines the initial CT imaging findings and their relationship to clinical characteristics in a family cluster of 7 COVID-19 patients. Four patients tested positive within a week of symptom onset, one was negative before symptoms, and two were asymptomatic with typical CT abnormalities. The main CT imaging manifestations were peripheral or subpleural ground-glass opacities and ground-glass with consolidation. The report may be useful for initial CT screening of imported

A report detailing the initial CT imaging findings of an imported family cluster with seven confirmed COVID-19 cases was analyzed. Four patients tested positive within a week of symptom onset, one was negative before symptoms, and two were asymptomatic with typical CT abnormalities. The main CT imaging manifestations were peripheral or subpleural ground-glass opacities and ground-glass with consolidation. This report may be useful for initial CT screening of imported familial cluster

A 40-year-old COVID-19 patient was successfully treated with remdesivir, despite a 6-day delay in initiation of therapy. The patient, who had dry cough, fever, and shortness of breath, was admitted to the hospital 3 days after symptom onset and received hydroxychloroquine in the meantime. A request for compassionate use of remdesivir was submitted on the same day as the positive COVID-1

A 40-year-old COVID-19 patient was successfully treated with remdesivir, despite a 6-day delay in initiation of therapy. The patient, who had dry cough, fever, and shortness of breath, was intubated and received hydroxychloroquine before receiving remdesivir. The patient was extubated 60 hours after starting remdesivir and transitioned to room air within 24 hours. Late

A retrospective review of patients with suspected COVID-19 on imaging from March 1, 2020 to March 20, 2020 identified eight patients with positive findings, seven of whom were later confirmed to have COVID-19 through lab testing. These patients did not report prior exposure or recent travel, and all were asymptomatic at presentation. Five of these patients later developed respiratory symptoms and required intubation, and two ultimately exp

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on New York City's medical establishment, with faster spread and higher mortality rates than initially anticipated. Hospitals have had to adapt quickly to the crisis, with all departments within large systems learning valuable lessons. The authors share their experiences and insights, hoping to guide physical medicine and rehabilitation departments in their potential roles and areas of growth during this time.

During the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak in China, over half of the surveyed population reported moderate-to-severe psychological impact, with significant numbers experiencing moderate-to-severe anxiety, depression, and stress. Factors associated with a lower level of psychological impact and better mental health status include being female, a student, having specific physical symptoms, and poor self-rated health. Access to up-to-date and accurate health information, as well as implementing prec

COVID-19, the global pandemic, has two phases: an initial incubation phase with insidious symptoms and high contagion, and a later clinical symptomatic phase where the immune system is activated and severe infection can occur. Neurological symptoms, including ischaemic stroke, can appear in the first 1-2 days of the clinical symptomatic phase. Prevention and management focus on preventing progression from mild to severe infection.

COVID-19, the global pandemic, has two phases: an initial incubation phase with insidious symptoms and high contagion, and a later clinical symptomatic phase with activated immune systems and potential severe infection. Neurological symptoms can appear in the first 1-2 days of the clinical symptomatic phase, and ischaemic strokes may occur two weeks later. Prevention and management focus on preventing progression from mild to severe infection.

A 62-year-old male heart transplant recipient experienced mild symptoms of COVID-19 but had prolonged virus shedding. Despite continuing immunosuppression, he developed a fever and increased inflammatory markers. Hydroxychloroquine was administered for seven days, but virus culture and PCR tests remained positive for over a month. The findings suggest that immunosuppression may contribute to delayed virus clearance in transplant recip

This paper examines how self-organized food provisioning initiatives in Naples, Italy, have increased food accessibility during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study identifies and characterizes urban-rural initiatives activated between March and April 2020, highlighting their impact on outcome and social well-being. The case of Masseria Ferraioli is presented as a social innovation best practice, distributing vegetables to those in need on confiscated land from the

A study assessed 898 U.S. young adults (18-30 years) during the COVID-19 pandemic, finding high levels of depression (43.3%), anxiety (45.4%), and PTSD symptoms (31.8%). Loneliness, COVID-19 worries, and low distress tolerance were linked to clinical levels of these symptoms. Resilience reduced depression and anxiety, but not PTSD. Family support was

A study assessed 898 U.S. young adults (18-30 years) during the COVID-19 pandemic, finding high levels of depression (43.3%), anxiety (45.4%), and PTSD symptoms (31.8%). Loneliness, COVID-19 worry, and low distress tolerance were linked to clinical levels of these symptoms. Resilience reduced depression and anxiety, but not PTSD. Family support was

COVID-19 symptoms include fever, dry cough, dyspnea, anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, affecting over half of patients. Digestive symptoms may precede pulmonary symptoms. Lymphopenia, elevated CRP, and heightened ASAT transaminases can indicate COVID-19 infection. Thoraco-abdominal scans can rule out unrelated digestive issues and

COVID-19 symptoms include fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and digestive issues such as anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Digestive symptoms are more common in severe cases and can precede pulmonary symptoms. Lymphopenia, elevated CRP, and heightened ASAT transaminases are early indicators of COVID-19. Thoraco-abdominal scans

Surgeons need to be aware that digestive symptoms, including anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, are common in COVID-19 patients, affecting more than half of those with severe infections. Early signs of infection may include lymphopenia, elevated CRP, and heightened ASAT transaminases. Thoraco-abdominal scans can help rule out unrelated digestive issues and

This study used an antigen capture ELISA with monoclonal antibodies against the N protein of SARS-CoV to test 829 serum specimens from 643 patients suspected of having SARS-CoV infection. The results showed that N protein was most commonly detected in sera collected within the first 10 days after symptom onset, with a 100% detection rate in 24 sera from patients confirmed

A 62-year-old male heart transplant recipient experienced mild symptoms of COVID-19 but had prolonged virus shedding. His temperature and inflammatory markers increased, and hydroxychloroquine was administered. Despite no longer having clinical symptoms, virus culture and PCR tests remained positive for over a month. The study suggests that immunosuppression may be continued for transplant recipients with mild COVID-19 symptoms, but it

A 50-year-old HIV-positive man with a COVID-19 diagnosis was found dead at home, five weeks after exhibiting symptoms. Post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) of his lungs revealed deterioration beyond typical post-mortem findings, resembling acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with histologically identified inflammation and binuclear lymphocytes. Additional findings included acute liver dyst

A significant number of COVID-19 patients experience headaches, which can be new-onset, moderate-severe, and bilateral with pulsating or pressing quality in the temples, forehead, or periorbital region. Headaches in COVID-19 patients have a sudden to gradual onset, poor response to common analgesics, and high relapse rate during the active phase of the disease. Neurological findings related to COVID-19, including

A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, led to COVID-19 with initial symptoms including fever, sore throat, cough, and dyspnea. However, headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, loss of taste and smell were also reported. Headache was the most common neurological symptom, affecting 11%-34% of hospitalized patients, with new-onset, moderate-severe, bilateral head

A retrospective study of 592 healthcare workers (HCWs) found that those reporting three or more symptoms, fever, and myalgia had increased odds of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. Anosmia/ageusia was less common among those with positive tests but was associated with a seven-fold increase in odds. Among HCWs with initial negative tests, nine later tested positive, resulting in a negative predictive value of

A retrospective study was conducted on healthcare workers (HCWs) undergoing both COVID-19 symptom screening and SARS-CoV-2 assays. Among 592 HCWs, 14% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Asymptomatic or those with only sore throat or nasal congestion had negative assays. HCWs reporting three or more symptoms, fever, and myalg

Between March 13 and 27, 2020, a pair of New York City hospitals reported 43 confirmed COVID-19 cases among pregnant women. Thirteen (32.6%) of these women were asymptomatic and were identified through universal testing or developing symptoms during admission. Ten of these asymptomatic women later developed COVID-19 symptoms. Among the 30 symptomatic women, three required antenatal admission, and one presented six days

Between March 13 and 27, 2020, a pair of New York City hospitals reported 43 confirmed COVID-19 cases among pregnant women. Thirteen (32.6%) of these women were asymptomatic and were identified either during admission or through universal testing. Ten of these asymptomatic women later developed COVID-19 symptoms. Among the 30 symptomatic women, three required antenatal admission, and one presented six days post

A meta-analysis of 551 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases in children found that most were exposed to the virus at home, with common symptoms including fever, cough, and sore throat. Asymptomatic cases accounted for 18%. Radiographic findings were varied, with patchy consolidations and ground glass opacities being common, but normal CT images observed in over a third of cases. Antiviral agents were given to most children, and

A meta-analysis of 551 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases in children aged 1 day-17.5 years was conducted. Most children (87%) had household exposure to the virus. Common symptoms were fever (53%), cough (39%), and sore throat/pharyngeal erythema (14%), while 18% were asymptomatic. Common radiographic findings were patchy consolidations (3

The American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery developed a tool for clinicians to report cases of anosmia (loss of sense of smell) and dysgeusia (altered sense of taste) related to COVID-19. An analysis of the first 237 entries revealed that 73% of patients experienced anosmia before diagnosis, and it was the initial symptom in 26.6% of cases. Some improvement was

This retrospective study summarized the chest CT imaging and clinical features of the initial 25 COVID-19 patients in Luoyang, China. The patients ranged from 24 to 88 years old with a median age of 52. Thirteen (52%) patients had been in Wuhan or had contact with Wuhan residents, and ten (40%) were infected through family or colleagues. The median time from initial symptoms to diagnosis was 7

The COVID-19 outbreak, which began in December 2019 and had spread to over 375,000 confirmed cases globally by March 25, 2020, including 2,201 cases in Brazil, raises concerns for its impact on pregnant women and assisted reproductive treatments. While most cases result in mild symptoms, severe pulmonary disease is possible. Current evidence suggests similar symptoms in pregnant women and no increased risks

This review summarizes current knowledge on COVID-19 and pregnancy. The virus, which has been a global health issue since December 2019, has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The review aims to provide an overview of symptoms in pregnant women with COVID-19 and potential risks to fetuses and neonates. Data was extracted from studies published in English on Web of Science, Cochrane, PubMed, and Scopus up to April 2,

The passage is a review summarizing current knowledge about COVID-19 and its impact on pregnancy. The review covers early symptoms of COVID-19, which include fever, cough, dyspnea, myalgia, and fatigue, and less common symptoms such as sputum production, headache, hemoptysis, and diarrhea. There is no evidence of vertical maternal-fetal transmission of COVID-19. Pregnant women with COVID-1

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has limited resources and tests available for national governments to evaluate its reach. The CoronaSurveys project aims to collect and publish data on people showing symptoms compatible with COVID-19 in Spain and Portugal using open anonymous surveys. While biased, this data can still be useful for estimating the number of infected individuals and tracking its evolution over time.

A national survey was conducted in April 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic to better understand individuals experiencing acute loss of smell and/or taste. Of the 220 respondents, 42% were diagnosed with COVID-19 and 58% were not. Thirty-seven percent reported changes in smell/taste as their only symptom. Most patients had other COVID-19 symptoms at the time of chemosensory loss, but

A national survey was conducted in April 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic to better understand individuals experiencing acute loss of smell and/or taste. Of the 220 respondents, 42% were diagnosed with COVID-19 and 58% were not. Thirty-seven percent reported changes in smell/taste as their initial symptom. Most patients had other COVID-19 symptoms at the time of chemosensory loss, but

A case report of a COVID-19 patient with gastrointestinal bleeding as the first symptom is presented. While fever, cough, dyspnea, and myalgia or fatigue are common, digestive symptoms and gastrointestinal bleeding are less reported. Clinicians should be aware of atypical symptoms and consider COVID-19 in patients undergoing endoscopy to prevent potential infection or transmission.

A case report of a COVID-19 patient with gastrointestinal bleeding as the first symptom is presented. While fever, cough, and respiratory symptoms are common, this uncommon presentation should alert clinicians to consider COVID-19 in patients with atypical symptoms. Endoscopy patients should be considered potentially infected or infectious.

The passage describes the development and initial validation of the COVID Stress Scales (CSS), a 36-item questionnaire designed to measure stress and anxiety related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CSS were developed based on common symptoms observed during the pandemic, such as fear of infection, economic consequences, xenophobia, compulsive checking, and traumatic stress. The scales were validated in population-representative samples from Canada and the United States, and

The COVID Stress Scales (CSS), a 36-item questionnaire, were developed to measure stress and anxiety symptoms related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The scales were designed to assess features such as fear of infection, economic consequences, xenophobia, compulsive checking, and traumatic stress. The CSS were validated in population-representative samples from Canada and the United States, revealing a stable 5-factor solution. The scales demonstrated good

The passage discusses a study using mathematical modeling to analyze the impact of testing key workers for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study compared four strategies: no testing (S0), testing only those with COVID-19 symptoms in isolation (S1), testing those without symptoms but in household-quarantine (S2), and testing all staff (S3). The study varied parameters such as infection rate, proportion asymptomatic, sensitivity, and specificity. Testing

The passage discusses a mathematical modeling analysis exploring the impact of testing key workers for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Three testing strategies were compared: no testing (S0), testing those with COVID-19-like symptoms in isolation (S1), and testing all staff (S3). Testing all staff reduces transmission risks but increases absences and testing needs. Testing in household-quarantine (S2) minimizes absences but increases transmission risks, which can

A case is presented of a patient in North America who was the first reported in the region with COVID-19 initially diagnosed as keratoconjunctivitis. The patient's primary symptom was a red eye with watery discharge, along with mild respiratory symptoms and no fever. Repeat visits to an ophthalmologist revealed evolving corneal findings, and a conjunctival swab tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus

A case is presented of a patient in North America who was the first reported in the region with COVID-19 initially diagnosed through keratoconjunctivitis. The patient's primary symptom was a red eye with watery discharge, along with mild respiratory symptoms and no fever. Repeat visits to an ophthalmologist revealed evolving corneal findings, and a conjunctival swab from the affected eye tested positive for the SARS-Co

The passage summarizes an investigation into the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases in Gansu province, China. As of February 25, 2020, there were 91 confirmed cases, which could be divided into three stages: imported cases, imported-cases plus indigenous cases, and indigenous cases. The majority (69.23%) were clustered cases, and only 3 cases were due to non-occupational exposure to

Five common skin manifestations of COVID-19 identified through a review of 375 patients' images by Spanish dermatologists: chilblain-like lesions, small blisters, wheals, rashes with small red bumps, and livedo and necrosis. Chilblain-like lesions and rashes are less severe, while livedo and necrosis indicate more severe infection. Some symptoms may not be specific to COVID-

A contemporary review of the neurological sequelae of COVID-19 was conducted to characterize the neuro-invasive potential of the disease. SARS-CoV-2, an enveloped, positive-stranded RNA virus, can reach ACE2 receptors on neuronal tissue through the general circulation, leading to central nervous system (CNS) manifestations such as headache and vertigo. Peripheral nervous system (PNS) sequ

The passage discusses the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on otolaryngology, focusing on the role of anosmia and hyposmia as potential symptoms, clinical management of ENT patients, especially those with Covid-19, and the effects on ENT examinations and surgeries.

The passage discusses the limited knowledge available regarding the incidence, course, and outcomes of acute pancreatitis in patients with COVID-19. While COVID-19 is primarily known for its pulmonary symptoms, extra-pulmonary manifestations have gained attention. However, more information is needed to understand the connection between COVID-19 and acute pancreatitis.

Many individuals with COVID-19 continue to experience symptoms long after their initial diagnosis, surprising medical professionals. Linda Geddes explores the reasons behind this phenomenon.

The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) released an updated clinical practice guideline in 2008 for evaluating fever and infection in older adults residing in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Older adults in LTCFs are at high risk for infections due to their age and multiple comorbidities. Recognizing infection can be challenging as fever may be absent in over half of LTCF residents with serious infections. L

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant increase in infected patients in Italy, resulting in a high demand for intensive care unit (ICU) beds. This demand may lead to a reduction in the number of available ICU beds for both organ donors and transplant recipients, potentially decreasing the number of transplants. Preliminary data shows a 25% reduction in procured organs during the first 4 weeks of the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy


Question: what is known about those infected with Covid-19 but are asymptomatic?

A systematic review aimed to understand the infection rate, clinical presentation, clinical outcomes, and transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in children. Twenty-four studies were included, indicating that children have a lower observed case rate than adults but may have similar infection rates. Limited data suggest children have milder symptoms and can be asymptomatic, but severe cases and transmission dynamics are not well understood.

This descriptive study reports on 130 Italian children with confirmed COVID-19, revealing that about half had a family member with the virus and over a quarter had comorbidities, most commonly respiratory, cardiac, or neuromuscular conditions. The majority (75.4%) had asymptomatic or mild disease, but over half were hospitalized, with 11.5% requiring respiratory support and 6.9% treated in

A systematic review identified nine studies reporting COVID-19 transmission from 83 asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic carriers, confirming their ability to infect others. Implications for public health response are discussed. Keywords: Covid-19, Asymptomatic, Pre-symptomatic, Public Health.

An asymptomatic patient with COVID-19 underwent a spine CT scan, revealing lung abnormalities that led to a diagnosis. Neuroradiologists should be aware of the potential pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 that may be observed on neck and spine imaging.

An asymptomatic patient with COVID-19 underwent a spine CT scan for trauma, revealing lung abnormalities later confirmed as the virus. Neuroradiologists should be aware of various COVID-19 pulmonary manifestations that may appear on neck and spine imaging.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been uncertainties regarding the management of non-traumatic surgical emergencies, such as acute appendicitis and cholecystitis. Issues include identifying COVID-19 patients quickly, understanding the impact of abdominal surgical diseases and their treatment on COVID-19 patients, and discussing the role of non-operative treatment for abdominal diseases. This review explores these concerns based on existing

The study compared TEOAEs amplitudes and VEMPs latencies between asymptomatic COVID-19 PCR-positive cases and non-infected subjects. The test group consisted of 20 asymptomatic COVID-19 positive individuals aged 20-50, with no known hearing loss or COVID-19 symptoms. The results showed significantly worse high frequency pure-tone thresholds and TEOAE amplitudes in the test group, suggesting

The study compared hearing abilities between asymptomatic COVID-19 PCR-positive cases and non-infected individuals through TEOAEs (transient evoked otoacoustic emissions) and pure-tone audiometry. The test group consisted of 20 asymptomatic COVID-19 positive cases between 20 and 50 years old. The results showed significantly worse high frequency pure-tone thresholds and TEOAE amplitudes in

The passage discusses the clinical presentations of coronavirus infections in children, focusing on the four common human coronaviruses and the three novel zoonotic coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. While the novel coronaviruses cause severe illness and death predominantly in older adults and those with comorbidities, children with COVID-19 are more likely to be

The passage discusses the various clinical presentations of coronaviruses in children, with a focus on the four common human coronaviruses (hCoVs) and the three novel zoonotic coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2). While the common hCoVs typically cause mild upper respiratory infections in children, the novel coronaviruses have been associated

The passage discusses the questions surrounding immunity-based protection against COVID-19, specifically why some infected individuals have mild symptoms or are asymptomatic, why delayed and weak antibody responses are linked to severe outcomes, and why a positive molecular test does not necessarily indicate the presence of protective antibody IgG. The text suggests that T cell responses may hold the answer to these questions and that studying SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cells can help advance the development

The passage discusses the questions surrounding immunity-based protection against COVID-19 and the potential role of T cells in providing protective immunity. While SARS-CoV-2 induces severe symptoms such as pneumonia and lymphopenia, some infected individuals have mild or no symptoms, and delayed or weak antibody responses are associated with severe outcomes. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in molecular tests does not necessarily indicate the presence of protective antib

Hospitals are intensifying infection control measures in response to COVID-19, surpassing federal and international standards. Examples include universal masking, decreased testing thresholds, and extensive use of personal protective equipment. Factors driving this "arms race" include concerns for personal safety, uncertainty about transmission, confusion over aerosol-generating procedures, recognition of asymptomatic infection, and limited diagnostic test accuracy. The potential downsides of maximal infection control and necessary research

The passage discusses the concern over the high number of healthcare workers being infected with COVID-19 and the importance of protecting them to ensure they can continue to care for patients. This requires the implementation of effective and compassionate safety protocols, considering the virus's unknowns and the fact that some infected individuals may be asymptomatic or test negative while still contagious. The issue raises ethical and legal concerns, including negligence liability for hospitals and health centers under occupational health and

The passage discusses the concern over the high number of healthcare workers being infected with COVID-19 and the importance of protecting them to ensure they can continue to care for patients. This requires the implementation of effective and compassionate safety protocols, considering the virus's unknowns and the fact that some infected individuals may be asymptomatic. The issue raises ethical and legal concerns, including negligence liability for hospitals and health centers under occupational health and safety legislation. The passage emphasizes the

The passage discusses the potential role of rare ACE2 coding variants as a risk factor for severe COVID-19 disease. The ACE2 protein, which is encoded on the X chromosome, plays a crucial role in the binding of SARS-CoV-2 to human cells. Males who carry rare ACE2 variants will express them in all ACE2-expressing cells, while females will typically express them in a mosaic distribution. The

A review of studies from September 2012 to November 2018 found evidence of subclinical or asymptomatic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections outside and inside healthcare settings. Seroprevalence ranges for camel workers ranged from 0% to 67%. In healthcare settings, 11 studies documented molecular evidence of MERS-CoV infection among asymptomatic contacts

The passage suggests that universal mask use, along with hand hygiene and social distancing, is crucial in reducing the transmission of COVID-19 by asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic individuals. In the context of children, it is important to prepare them for mask use and explain the reasons behind it without forcing compliance. The availability of properly fitting masks and educational efforts from parents and schools are essential for successful implementation. The new information presented includes the necessity of mask use in children when they

The passage discusses the identification of a high-risk population for severe COVID-19 infection, estimated to be around 5% of the population, based on comorbid medical illness and age. This population, which includes individuals with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, immunocompromised status, morbid obesity, diabetes mellitus, and significant kidney or liver impairment, represents a significant number of people requiring intensive care unit admission and

A study used topic modeling analysis on coronavirus-related literature from the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset to identify research hotspots on COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections. Eight topics emerged: clinical characterization, pathogenesis research, therapeutics research, epidemiological study, virus transmission, vaccines research, virus diagnostics, and viral genomics. COVID-19 research focuses more on clinical characterization, epidemiological study, and virus transmission

The passage is a summary of a study that conducts a meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis to determine the basic reproduction number, average incubation time, asymptomatic infection rate, and case fatality rate for COVID-19. The study estimates the basic reproduction number to be 3.15 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 2.41-3.90, the average incubation time to be 5.08

The passage is a summary of a study that conducted a meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis to determine the basic reproduction number, average incubation time, asymptomatic infection rate, and case fatality rate for COVID-19. The study estimated the basic reproduction number to be 3.15 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 2.41-3.90, the average incubation time to be 5.08 days

A retrospective study conducted at King Abdullah University Hospital found that among 370 health care workers caring for COVID-19 patients during March 18-April 29, 2020, all were asymptomatic and tested negative for COVID-19 using real-time reverse-transcriptase rRT-PCR on nasopharyngeal swabs. The study concluded that the prevalence of positive COVID-19 among asympt

The passage is a summary of a study that conducts a meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis to determine the basic reproduction number, average incubation time, asymptomatic infection rate, and case fatality rate for COVID-19. The study estimates the basic reproduction number to be 3.15 with a 95% interval of 2.41 to 3.90, the average incubation time to be 5.08 days with a

The passage discusses COVID-19, the illness caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Severe cases of COVID-19 involve systemic symptoms including hyperinflammation, cytokine storm, and increased cardiac injury biomarkers. This review covers the underlying causes of COVID-19, its cardiovascular effects, and potential treatments, providing a comprehensive overview up to April 3, 2020.

The passage discusses COVID-19, also known as the severe acute respiratory syndrome novel coronavirus disease. When severe, COVID-19 is a systemic illness marked by hyperinflammation, cytokine storm, and increased cardiac injury biomarkers. The article reviews the current understanding of COVID-19's pathophysiology, cardiovascular manifestations, and potential treatments, providing a comprehensive overview up to April 3,

This study used mathematical models to explore strategies for preventing or delaying local COVID-19 outbreaks in India. Assuming 50% of symptomatic individuals are identified and quarantined within three days, quarantine measures could reduce cumulative incidence by 62% in an optimistic scenario, but only 2% in a pessimistic one. Port-of-entry screening of travelers can delay virus introduction but won't prevent long-term outbreaks

A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, affecting millions since late 2019, has uncertain effects on pregnant women and newborns. Pregnant women may have a higher risk due to higher ACE2 expression, but preliminary data does not support this. Viral carriage rates vary from 13% to 3%. Vertical transmission risks are unknown, with 3.1% of newborns testing positive within a week. No deaths

The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil is experiencing large under-reporting of infected individuals and deaths due to limited mass testing and asymptomatic cases. An adapted SIR model is proposed to account for under-reporting and population response to public policies. Uncertainty in data can lead to misleading predictions. This paper explores the impact of uncertainty on predictions, demonstrating an anticipation of infection peaks when under-reporting infected individuals, an increase in mortality rates when under

Thirty-six children in Zhejiang, China, were identified as having COVID-19 between January 17 and March 1, 2020. Most infections were due to close contact with infected family members or exposure to epidemic areas. The majority of children had mild or moderate symptoms, including fever and dry cough, while some had abnormal lab results such as elevated creatine kinase MB, decreased lymphocytes, leucopen

A study was conducted at a quarantine center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, to understand the natural history and transmission potential of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of the 49 people with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, 30 participated in the study, with 13 (43%) being asymptomatic and 17 (57%) symptomatic. Asymptomatic individuals were less likely to

A study was conducted to compare the prevalence of human coronavirus (HCoV) infections in children hospitalized for acute respiratory illness and fever with that in asymptomatic controls. HCoV was detected in 7.6% of hospitalized children and 7.1% of controls, with no significant difference in prevalence. Hospitalized children with HCoV infection alone tended to be less ill than those with other viruses, while coinfected children

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is a major public health concern with increasing cases and mortality rates. This article summarizes essential information for orthopedic surgeons, including the virus's microbiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis. Additionally, measures to control the pandemic, maintain urgent duties, and protect healthcare workers are discussed.

The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as SARS-CoV-2 and coronavirus disease 2019, is a major public health concern with increasing cases and mortality rates. This article summarizes essential information for orthopedic surgeons regarding the microbiology, epidemiology, clinical picture, and diagnosis of COVID-19. Additionally, measures to control the pandemic, maintain urgent duties, and protect healthcare workers are discussed.

Three individuals who contracted COVID-19 and were admitted to the COVID ward shared their experiences of mental distress due to isolation, fear of death, and stigma. Despite having mild or no symptoms, they faced internalized guilt, shame, and anger during their hospitalization.

This rapid living systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to answer three questions regarding the proportion of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections, the proportion of asymptomatic individuals who later develop symptoms, and the proportion of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic individuals. The review included 11 studies and estimated an upper bound for the proportion of asymptomatic infections at 29% (95%

During the COVID-19 outbreak, home confinement causes unprecedented stress that can disrupt sleep, leading to increased daytime stress, anxiety, and depression. Sleep disturbance can negatively impact emotional functioning. This paper summarizes the stress-sleep link, effects of confinement on sleep, and effective insomnia treatment. Adaptations of cognitive behavioral therapy elements are suggested for those with changed work schedules, health anxiety, and childcare responsibilities, while recognizing limitations on

A narrative review summarizes the current state of research on COVID-19, the virus behind the global pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China. The discovery of the virus raised public health concerns due to its high transmission ability and increasing death toll. This review analyzed over 20 scientific articles using keywords like "Coronavirus Outbreak" and "COVID-19" to provide insights into the research available and recommend future studies. The results indicate that human-to-human transmission

Ten asymptomatic patients with COVID-19 were retrospectively analyzed, all of whom had ground glass opacities (GGO) on chest CT. The GGO lesions were predominantly peripheral and posterior, combined with reticular opacity in 90% of cases. Air-bronchogram due to bronchiolectasis surrounded by GGO was observed in 80% of patients, and lung lesions were dominant on the right side in all cases.

A study was conducted on the first known COVID-19 outbreak in an Illinois skilled nursing facility, testing 127 residents for SARS-CoV-2 and following them for 30 days. Of the 33 residents who tested positive, 58% had symptoms, 3% developed symptoms later, and 39% remained asymptomatic. Thirty-five negative residents later developed symptoms, with 2 testing positive. The 30-day

A retrospective study compared the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of 26 asymptomatic COVID-19 infections and 26 moderate type confirmed cases at Guizhou Provincial Staff Hospital in China. Asymptomatic cases had a longer treatment cycle of 16 days (interquartile range, 11-20 days) compared to 13 days (interquartile range, 10-15 days) for moderate cases

The passage discusses the various courses of COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, and its primary effects on the respiratory system. It also highlights emerging reports of skin lesions and vascular system issues in some COVID-19 patients, including vesicular, urticarial, maculopapular eruptions, livedo, necrosis, and vasculitis forms. The passage provides a systematic overview of these skin

A global pandemic caused by the coronavirus COVID-19 began in December 2019 in China and has since spread to nearly all countries. About 2% of cases are diagnosed in children. Transmission can occur from asymptomatic or presymptomatic adults and children. Clinical features are similar to other respiratory viral infections, with rare cases of an unusual rash. Disease is generally mild in children but fatalities have been reported. The risk

The passage discusses how protein structures of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, specifically the spike protein, solved through cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography often lack the representation of sugar molecules or glycans on their surfaces. Researchers are now focusing on adding these missing sugars to gain a better understanding of the virus's biology and aid in the development of vaccines and treatments. Andrea Thorn, a structural

The passage discusses the global spread of SARS-CoV2, also known as the 2019 Novel Coronavirus, and its cardiovascular implications. The virus, which was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019, has since spread worldwide and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The author summarizes the differences between SARS-CoV2 and previous coronaviruses, focusing on its clinical presentation and

The passage summarizes the global spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV2, which was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The article focuses on the unique characteristics of SARS-CoV2, its clinical presentation and diagnosis, and the cardiovascular implications of the virus. The virus is capable of causing direct myocardial injury, myocard

A study used computer modeling to simulate the transmission of COVID-19 through respiratory aerosols in an office space. Four datasets were analyzed to determine the number and volume of droplets produced during coughing and speaking. The simulations revealed that sharing a 5x5x2.75m office space with a symptomatic COVID-19 infector for an hour resulted in the inhalation of 187.3 respiratory droplets,

Two studies with over 1,700 U.S. adults found that people share false information about COVID-19 due to lack of sufficient thinking about accuracy. In Study 1, participants had difficulty distinguishing true from false content when sharing on social media, but improved with greater cognitive reflection and science knowledge. Study 2 showed that a simple accuracy reminder before the study significantly increased truth discernment in participants' sharing intentions. These findings suggest that nudging people to consider accuracy

The passage presents findings from two studies conducted with over 1,700 U.S. adults regarding why people share false information about COVID-19 on social media. Study 1 revealed that participants had difficulty distinguishing between accurate and inaccurate content when deciding what to share, but greater cognitive reflection and science knowledge improved discernment. Study 2 demonstrated that a simple accuracy reminder before the study led to nearly three times more truthful sharing intentions. The results suggest that nud

The passage discusses the similarities between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, the viruses responsible for SARS and COVID-19, respectively. While research on SARS has provided some insights, the understanding of COVID-19's impact on children is still limited. The review compares the two diseases and notes that COVID-19 has faster and wider transmission, higher morbidity and mortality, and affects newborns

The passage discusses the similarities between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, the viruses causing SARS and COVID-19, respectively. While research on SARS has provided some insights, the understanding of COVID-19's pathophysiology is still limited. The review compares the two diseases, noting that COVID-19 has faster and wider transmission, higher morbidity and mortality, and affects newborn

A report from a single center in Northwestern Italy details the course and management of COVID-19 in three liver transplant recipients during March-April 2020. Presentation ranged from asymptomatic to severe respiratory failure. Treatment and immunosuppression adjustments were based on disease severity. Mortality was 20%, with Covid-related deaths at 10%. Two asymptomatic patients experienced prolonged viral carriage. The

A report from a single center in Northwestern Italy details the course and management of COVID-19 in three liver transplant recipients during March-April 2020. Presentation ranged from asymptomatic to severe respiratory failure. Treatment and immunosuppression adjustments were based on disease severity. Mortality was 20%, with Covid-related mortality at 10%. Two asymptomatic patients experienced prolonged viral carriage.

The discovery of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 highlighted the significance of studying how coronaviruses emerge, infect, and cause disease. Researchers are comparing SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV to gain insights into their similarities and differences, which could impact pathogenesis. This article discusses what is known about each virus and the remaining gaps in understanding, particularly regarding MERS

The American Water Works Association (AWWA) celebrates its 139th birthday during the global COVID-19 pandemic. Water professionals are rising to the challenge by ensuring access to safe, reliable water, which is critical in halting the spread of the virus. Handwashing, a simple yet essential practice, has become a societal obsession due to its importance in personal hygiene and public health. Water utility workers and businesses are considered essential, and utilities are suspending

Researchers analyzed over 200,000 exomes of the ACE2 gene, revealing variations in a specific part of the gene that is expected to alter the shape or functionality of the ACE2 protein, which interacts with SARS-CoV-2. These variants may decrease the protein's ability to interact with the virus, potentially affecting vulnerability to COVID-19. The research provides insight into the role of the ACE2 gene in vir

A novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019, causing a global spread with increasing deaths. NCIP, the infection caused by COVID-19, presents with fever, fatigue, dry cough, and dyspnea. Various chest imaging features have been reported, similar to other coronavirus syndromes. This review discusses the epidemiology and imaging findings of coronavirus syndromes, focusing

A study was conducted to characterize the epidemiologic and clinical features of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in northeast Chongqing, China. Of the identified RT-PCR positive contacts of COVID-19 patients, 23% remained asymptomatic. The mean age was 39.3 years, and most had no comorbidities. Asymptomatic individuals with abnormal chest CT findings were diagnosed earlier than

The passage summarizes the current understanding of the effects of coronaviruses, including COVID-19, on human reproduction. The review of literature included 79 reports and found that coronaviruses bind to cells through the S1 domain of the spike protein to receptors present in reproductive tissues, such as angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), CD26, Ezrin, and cyclophilins. SAR

The passage discusses the ongoing mutation of SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, and the potential implications for the transmission, duration, and severity of the disease. While the extent of adaptation is uncertain, continued analysis is essential for informing public health measures.

Title: "Thinking about COVID-19" - Adapting Values and Behavior in the Face of a Global Crisis

This article reflects on the impact of COVID-19 on human values and behavior, emphasizing the importance of information acquisition for everyone, not just experts. The author looks back on the SARS outbreak as a precedent and encourages a meta-perspective on understanding and communicating science and technology issues during crises. The author invites

The passage discusses the role of the PPXY late domain in the Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) in producing Defective Interfering (DI) particles. DI particles are important for establishing persistent infections in rodents and mitigating virus-induced cytopathic effects. Contrary to the belief that the PPXY late domain and the endosomal sorting complex transport (ESCRT) pathway

This study describes the use of point-of-care lung ultrasound in three neonates diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lung ultrasound was performed at the time of diagnosis and every 48 hours during the first week, revealing B-lines, consolidation, and spared areas. No pneumothorax or pleural effusion was observed. The authors conclude that lung ultrasound could be valuable

A systematic literature review identified 12 papers on the effects of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy and neonatal prognosis. The studies analyzed 119 pregnant women aged between 22 and 42 years old, with 90 children born. Most infections occurred in the third trimester, and there were no maternal deaths or confirmed vertical transmissions. Pregnant women are advised to be cautious due to potential labor complications.

A retrospective study of 211 COVID-19 patients with asymptomatic or mild symptoms identified body temperature, chills, initial chest X-ray findings, and diabetes as risk factors for disease progression to severe stages. The odds of transfer to severe care were increased 12.7-fold for abnormal chest X-ray findings, 6.32-fold for chills, and 64.1-fold for diabetes. Clinicians should closely

SARS-COV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, is spread through mucous membranes via droplets. The disease progresses through three stages: asymptomatic-paucisymptomatic incubation, nonsevere symptomatic illness, and severe respiratory illness. Severe cases can result in a "cytokine storm," a hyperinflammatory response. Effective antiviral agents to prevent infection are currently

SARS-COV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, is spread through mucous membranes via droplets. The disease progresses through three stages: asymptomatic-paucisymptomatic incubation, non-severe symptomatic illness for most, and severe respiratory illness. Severe cases can result in a "cytokine storm," a hyperinflammatory syndrome. Effective antiviral agents to prevent

The passage discusses the importance of determining the infection fatality ratio (IFR) for COVID-19 in epidemic management, and the challenges of inferring this ratio from clinical data. The authors of a study in The Lancet Infectious Diseases used statistical modeling to estimate the IFR based on case data, but the authors of this review question the assumptions made in the study and argue that clinical data alone cannot accurately determine the IFR. They suggest that near direct measurement of epid

The COVID-19 pandemic poses a significant threat to global health with new information emerging rapidly. This review summarizes recent research on COVID-19, covering epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control. The virus shares genetic similarity with SARS and MERS. The ACE2 receptor is a key target for the virus. Smokers are at higher risk for infection and severe disease. The incubation period is around 6.

A cluster of 48 out of 53 pilgrims testing positive for COVID-19 after returning from Israel to Greece was reported. Of these, 85.4% showed symptoms and 14.6% remained asymptomatic. The high infection rate was due to crowded exposure to pilgrims from various countries despite low prevalence in origin and destination countries. It's crucial to raise awareness about the risks for elderly pilgrims and those with underlying conditions.

The passage discusses the concern of asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic cases of COVID-19 in contributing to the spread of the epidemic. The author defines and identifies these cases, distinguishing between asymptomatic infection and pre-symptomatic infection based on disease progression. Limited data is presented on their infectiousness and contributions to the overall epidemic in China. Challenges of a potential second wave caused by these cases are addressed, and control strategies

Between March 13 and 27, 2020, a pair of New York City hospitals reported 43 confirmed COVID-19 cases among pregnant women. Thirteen (32.6%) of these women were asymptomatic and were identified through universal testing or developing symptoms during admission. Ten of these asymptomatic women later developed COVID-19 symptoms. Among the 30 symptomatic women, three required antenatal admission, and one presented six days

Between March 13 and 27, 2020, a pair of New York City hospitals reported 43 confirmed COVID-19 cases among pregnant women. Thirteen (32.6%) of these women were asymptomatic and were identified either during admission or through universal testing. Ten of these asymptomatic women later developed COVID-19 symptoms. Among the 30 symptomatic women, three required antenatal admission, and one presented six days post

The passage discusses the three stages of COVID-19 illness caused by SARS-CoV-2. Most patients experience an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic first stage, followed by a nonsevere symptomatic illness. A small percentage of patients progress to a third stage marked by severe respiratory illness, multisystem dysfunction, coagulopathy, and shock, which is characterized by hypercytokinemic inflammation, known as a

The passage discusses a study investigating the prevalence of respiratory viruses in gargle samples of asymptomatic children. Among 200 asymptomatic samples, human parechovirus, adenovirus, enterovirus, rhinovirus, coronavirus 229E, and HKU1 were detected. In symptomatic children's samples, parainfluenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, coron

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there is concern about the safety of systemic therapies for patients with psoriasis. The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD), National Psoriasis Foundation (NPF), and International Psoriasis Council (IPC) recommend that patients with active COVID-19 infections should discontinue systemic treatment for psoriasis. Patients with risk factors should discuss continuing treatment on a case-by-case basis

The passage discusses the recommendations for the use of systemic therapies for psoriasis during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD), National Psoriasis Foundation (NPF), and International Psoriasis Council (IPC), patients with active COVID-19 infections should discontinue systemic treatment for psoriasis. Patients with risk factors should discuss continuing treatment on a case-by-case basis

The passage discusses the importance of understanding the proportion of asymptomatic infections, or asymptomatic carrier transmission, in the spread of COVID-19. Asymptomatic carriers, who never show symptoms after infection, are a significant but underestimated factor in the disease's transmission. The passage highlights the need to focus on detection, infectivity, and the proportion of healthy carriers to better understand and control the spread of the virus.

This study analyzed demographic information and disease severity in 2143 pediatric patients with COVID-19 in China. The majority were male and most were categorized as asymptomatic, mild, or moderate severity. Infants and preschool ages had the highest proportion of severe or critical disease. Only one death occurred, a 14-year-old boy. Limitations include lack of clinical characteristics and the majority of cases being suspected, not confirmed.

This review discusses the risk of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) transmission in healthcare facilities. MERS-CoV causes a range of infections, from asymptomatic to fatal, and has spread to several countries outside the Arabian Peninsula through travel. Several clusters of healthcare-associated MERS-CoV infections have occurred due to poor infection control measures, overcrowding, and late recognition of cases. The factors contributing to the

This passage is about the COVID-19 pandemic, which was declared a global health crisis by the World Health Organization in early 2020. The virus can be asymptomatic, and there is ongoing debate about how to handle surgeries for patients suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19. This study, initiated by the Turkish Surgical Association, aims to provide guidance for surgeons regarding mandatory surgeries for these patients based on available data.

The passage discusses the importance of understanding the proportion of asymptomatic infections, or asymptomatic carriers, in the spread of COVID-19. Asymptomatic carriers are individuals who never show symptoms after being infected, and they are a significant yet underestimated problem in the prevention and control of the virus. The passage highlights the need to focus on the detection, infectivity, and proportion of healthy carriers to better understand the burden of the disease and its trans

A cross-sectional analysis of a healthcare system surveillance program in Greater Houston found that among 2,872 asymptomatic healthcare workers (HCWs) and community residents (CRs), 3.9% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. The positivity rate was higher for COVID-19 facing HCWs (5.4%) compared to non-COVID-19 facing HCWs (0.6%) and

A study was conducted at a hospital in the Seattle region during the ongoing COVID-19 outbreak to understand the rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic patients undergoing pre-procedural testing. From March 30 to April 13, 2020, 350 asymptomatic patients undergoing surgical or aerosolizing procedures were tested, resulting in 0.9% positivity rate. From April 1

This review summarizes current knowledge about COVID-19 in children, covering epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory findings, disease course, treatment, and prognosis. Based on 44 relevant studies, COVID-19 affects 0.39-12.3% of children, with milder symptoms and a high percentage of asymptomatic cases. Elevated inflammatory markers are linked to complications and co-infections. Chest CT sc

A systematic review of case reports on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was conducted to summarize clinical presentation, findings, management, and outcomes. About 5% of COVID-19 patients develop ARDS, and treatment has followed standard approaches but with questions regarding adjustments due to higher mortality risk. Limited treatment options and no definitive therapies or vaccines exist. Some antimalar

The passage discusses the role of host factors, specifically genetic variations in immune response genes and HLA and KIR allotypes, in the clinical outcomes of COVID-19. A quantitative analysis of a dynamical systems model is proposed to understand the impact of these genetic variants on the immune response to SARS-CoV-2. The model considers both the viral growth and the subsequent innate and adaptive response required to control the infection. The spectrum of symptom

During the coronavirus pandemic, organ donation involves uncertainty due to the potential risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2. Guidelines recommend testing donors for the virus and suspending donation if positive. Asymptomatic individuals who have recently been in COVID-19 affected areas are also discouraged from donating.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted at a Turkish tertiary hospital following the first COVID-19 death in the country. The study included 172 non-infected pregnant women over 30 weeks gestation. Majority trusted authorities and healthcare staff, complied with quarantine rules, and felt vulnerable and concerned about getting infected. Around half were unsure about breastfeeding safety and delivery mode during the outbreak, and had limited knowledge about potential pregnancy complications

A cross-sectional survey was conducted at a Turkish tertiary hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic to understand the attitude, concerns, and knowledge of non-infected pregnant women towards the outbreak. Of the 213 women surveyed, 172 were included after excluding those in the first trimester, illiterate, or having translation difficulties. The majority trusted authorities and healthcare staff, complied with self-quarantine rules, and felt

The passage discusses the use of a deterministic compartmental model to assess and predict the spread of COVID-19 in West-Africa, focusing on current patterns, impact of control measures, and future projections. The model projects a 60% reduction in daily cases when the epidemic peaks with current measures, but elimination is difficult with significant asymptomatic transmission. Reducing the transmission rate by at least 53% at the baseline level of asymptomatic