{"forum": "r1gKmmKULB", "submission_url": "https://openreview.net/forum?id=r1gKmmKULB", "submission_content": {"title": "Contextual and neural representations of sequentially complex animal vocalizations", "authors": ["Anonymous"], "authorids": ["NeurIPS.cc/2019/Workshop/Neuro_AI/Paper11/Authors"], "keywords": ["sequence learning", "birdsong", "auditory neuroscience", "generative models", "context"], "TL;DR": "We  compare perceptual, neural, and modeled representations of animal communication using machine learning, behavior, and physiology. ", "abstract": "Holistically exploring the perceptual and neural representations underlying animal communication has traditionally been very difficult because of the complexity of the underlying signal. We present here a novel set of techniques to project entire communicative repertoires into low dimensional spaces that can be systematically sampled from, exploring the relationship between perceptual representations, neural representations, and the latent representational spaces learned by machine learning algorithms. We showcase this method in one ongoing experiment studying sequential and temporal maintenance of context in songbird neural and perceptual representations of syllables. We further discuss how studying the neural mechanisms underlying the maintenance of the long-range information content present in birdsong can inform and be informed by machine sequence modeling.", "pdf": "/pdf/1423d36ba7db786633fe1e71586b632d9565891f.pdf", "paperhash": "anonymous|contextual_and_neural_representations_of_sequentially_complex_animal_vocalizations"}, "submission_cdate": 1568211745228, "submission_tcdate": 1568211745228, "submission_tmdate": 1570097890045, "submission_ddate": null, "review_id": ["rylOIOcIwB", "rylfUSmPvB", "SkltTkHowS"], "review_url": ["https://openreview.net/forum?id=r1gKmmKULB&noteId=rylOIOcIwB", "https://openreview.net/forum?id=r1gKmmKULB&noteId=rylfUSmPvB", "https://openreview.net/forum?id=r1gKmmKULB&noteId=SkltTkHowS"], "review_cdate": [1569265744390, 1569301833974, 1569570753363], "review_tcdate": [1569265744390, 1569301833974, 1569570753363], "review_tmdate": [1570047562527, 1570047560300, 1570047534984], "review_readers": [["everyone"], ["everyone"], ["everyone"]], "review_writers": [["NeurIPS.cc/2019/Workshop/Neuro_AI/Paper11/AnonReviewer1"], ["NeurIPS.cc/2019/Workshop/Neuro_AI/Paper11/AnonReviewer2"], ["NeurIPS.cc/2019/Workshop/Neuro_AI/Paper11/AnonReviewer3"]], "review_reply_count": [{"replyCount": 0}, {"replyCount": 0}, {"replyCount": 0}], "review_replyto": ["r1gKmmKULB", "r1gKmmKULB", "r1gKmmKULB"], "review_content": [{"evaluation": "2: Poor", "intersection": "2: Low", "importance_comment": "The authors address an important problem of developing a general, species-independent approach to quantifying animal vocalizations. Their approach is to use generative dimensionality reduction techniques to learn low-dimensional representations of vocalizations and use this to systematically interpolate between vocalization patterns to map out their perceptual organization in brains. This is a compelling idea, but the presented results shed little light on it.\n", "clarity": "2: Can get the general idea", "technical_rigor": "2: Marginally convincing", "intersection_comment": "There was little intersection between neuro and AI, besides using simply using machine learning algorithms to classify/generate behavioral signals.\n", "rigor_comment": "While the authors make some attempt to survey properties of a few dimensionality reduction techniques in Fig 1, this is not very clear, and the authors don\u2019t make a systematic attempt to compare dimensionality reduction techniques in the context of their novel approach, nor to identify key parameters or constraints for successful operation.\n", "comment": "While the general idea of using generative latent variable methods to systematically explore behavioral space is compelling, the authors provide little evidence for most of their key claims. For example, in the introduction they say they will show that the method works across species and conditions, but then give only a birdsong example. Similarly, they claim single neuron responses vary continuously with interpolation point but show no data to support this. Overall, while the overarching idea is interesting, results feel very preliminary and weakly presented.\n", "importance": "3: Important", "title": "Useful direction but weakly informative results", "category": "Not applicable", "clarity_comment": "The figures were confusing (e.g. it is not clear exactly what is depicted in Fig 1, nor what its main point is) and it was rather hard to follow the key results. It also, for example, wasn\u2019t clear whether the context was a binary or real-valued signal.\n"}, {"evaluation": "2: Poor", "intersection": "2: Low", "importance_comment": "The authors first propose to utilize generative modelling and dimension reduction technique to get a general low-dimensional representation of animal vocal spaces and then by sampling from the latent space, they systematically explore neural and perceptual representations of biologically relevant acoustic spaces with complex features. The direction is interesting but current results are primitive and not enough.", "clarity": "2: Can get the general idea", "technical_rigor": "2: Marginally convincing", "intersection_comment": "The paper doesn't really relate to real neurons but mainly focus on utilizing artificial neural network techniques on animal behavior.", "rigor_comment": "Although the authors claim they implement and explore a number of models to produce a series of latent representations, only the result of VAE is reported and there is no explanation why VAE is preferred to others. The author also claim their method is successful in different species but only songbirds result is provided.", "comment": "The idea of this paper is potentially interesting but the results are primitive and need more rigorous analyses. ", "importance": "3: Important", "title": "Potentially interesting but more rigorous results are needed", "category": "AI->Neuro", "clarity_comment": "The figure 1 is confusing and hard to follow, it seems like A-G and H-N are two different examples from two datasets but in paper, A-H are from a dataset and H-N are from the other dataset. Figure 4 is filled with a lot of blocks but explained with very few words."}, {"title": "probing the perceptual space of bird song generation informed by generative models", "importance": "3: Important", "importance_comment": "This work addresses how VAE could help to model and characterize bird song generation. The authors propose to use a VAE to learn a low-dimensional representation of bird songs. Interpolations in the low-dimensional representations between stimuli are then used in classifications tasks to probe the perception of boundaries between stimuli and (in the future) the corresponding neural representations. The paper seems to be an innovative research agenda rather than a finalized project.", "rigor_comment": "The proposed model class is rather standard in the machine learning community but seems novel for the specific task of animal vocalization. While the results are rather preliminary, the proposed experimental of inferring low-dimensional representations of bird song and using the for behavioral experiments in combination with neural recordings seems innovative. Machine learning generally and VAE specifically seems mostly to be used as a fitting tool, not as a model of the neural circuit.", "clarity_comment": "The scientific questions are clearly explained, the methodology clear, but the results seem rather vague and preliminary.\n", "clarity": "2: Can get the general idea", "evaluation": "3: Good", "intersection_comment": "The paper uses machine learning generally and VAE specifically mostly as a fitting toolbox, not as a model of the neural circuit. While the project might be innovative on the neuroscience community, especially for sequence generation in animal vocalization, the relevance of the project for the machine learning community might be rather limited. ", "intersection": "3: Medium", "comment": "The project is innovative and promising. At the current stage, the results seem to be rather preliminary, but the project might still be a good candidate for the workshop because the research design is innovative and potentially disruptive, so it might spark a good discussion.", "technical_rigor": "3: Convincing", "category": "AI->Neuro"}], "comment_id": [], "comment_cdate": [], "comment_tcdate": [], "comment_tmdate": [], "comment_readers": [], "comment_writers": [], "comment_reply_content": [], "comment_content": [], "comment_replyto": [], "comment_url": [], "meta_review_cdate": null, "meta_review_tcdate": null, "meta_review_tmdate": null, "meta_review_ddate ": null, "meta_review_title": null, "meta_review_metareview": null, "meta_review_confidence": null, "meta_review_readers": null, "meta_review_writers": null, "meta_review_reply_count": null, "meta_review_url": null, "decision": "Reject"}