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Louisville baseball's season comes to an end on Vanderbilt rally in College World Series Vanderbilt rallied in the top of the ninth inning to end Louisville's historic postseason run. Louisville baseball's season comes to an end on Vanderbilt rally in College World Series Vanderbilt rallied in the top of the ninth inning to end Louisville's historic postseason run. Check out this story on courier-journal.com: https://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/college/louisville/2019/06/21/college-world-series-2019-louisville-baseball-loses-vanderbilt/1525895001/ Cameron Teague Robinson, Louisville Courier Journal Published 10:34 p.m. ET June 21, 2019 \| Updated 10:04 a.m. ET June 22, 2019 Louisville baseball's season comes to an end on Vanderbilt rally in Coll... Louisville catcher Henry Davis scores against Vanderbilt during the seventh inning of the College World Series game at TD Ameritrade Park Friday. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com Vanderbilt third baseman Austin Martin fails to make the catch allowing Louisville second baseman Justin Lavey to score during the seventh inning of the College World Series game at TD Ameritrade Park Friday. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com Vanderbilt catcher Ty Duvall reacts as Louisville second baseman Justin Lavey scores during the seventh inning of the College World Series game at TD Ameritrade Park Friday. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com Louisville pitcher Luke Smith throws against Vanderbilt during the second inning of the College World Series game at TD Ameritrade Park Friday. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com Louisville right fielder Drew Campbell catches a fly ball hit by Vanderbilt designated hitter Philip Clarke during the second inning of the College World Series game at TD Ameritrade Park Friday. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com Louisville third baseman Alex Binelas reacts to being hit by a Vanderbilt pitch during the first inning of the College World Series game at TD Ameritrade Park Friday. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com Omaha, Nebraska — One night after the Cardinals kept their season alive in dramatic fashion, it had its season ended in heart-breaking fashion. Louisville was two outs away from forcing a winner-take-all game in the College World Series semifinals. Holding a one-run lead in the ninth inning with Luke Smith, who completely shut down the Vanderbilt offense, on the mound the end was in sight. But it's not easy to keep the Commodores, who are second national in runs scored, quiet all game. Two RBI doubles later and Louisville found itself down one run into the bottom of the ninth inning. Despite a one-out double in the ninth, the Cardinals couldn't duplicate the magic from Thursday and lost to Vanderbilt 3-2. The loss ended a historic Louisville season. The Cardinals finished the season 51-18, won the ACC Atlantic Division and were the first team in program history to leave Omaha without a losing record. More: Luke Smith is getting his chance on stage as Louisville baseball's latest starter Can't get enough Cards? We've got you covered. Subscribe for unlimited access HERE for exclusive coverage! "When you can make a run like this, 50-plus win season, you win the ACC, you're the No. 1 seed in one of the best leagues in the country, it's a great feeling," U of L coach Dan McDonnell said. "I'm really proud of this group." When McDonnell gathered the team in left field, after the game, he had a message for them. All season they've had the goal of becoming the best team McDonnell has coached. He affirmed to them that the goal was achieved. Sitting at the press conference podium, holding back tears, Justin Lavey said that is what made him begin crying in the huddle. 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he said looking at McDonnell. "But, yeah, I mean, that's something, from day one, that was our goal, to be the best team he's ever coached. To accomplish that is something super special, and it takes a special group." This year's team has been built on its pitching depth. It's one of the main reason why many thought they would have success in the College World Series. On Friday, Louisville started Luke Smith, it's No. 4 starter. He put together the best performance of his career. Smith pitched 8 1/3 innings, gave up two runs on four hits and struck out a career-high 10 batters. "I don't know if I should say this to the media, but the kid has nuts. That's all I can say. Luke Smith is a special kid and the way he pitches when his back is against the wall is incredible," Nick Bennett said. The biggest problem for the Cardinals throughout the tournament was finding consistent hitting and inopportune errors on the base paths. In Louisville's four games, the team's scoring margin was 12-12, despite holding Vanderbilt and Mississippi State – two of the nation's best offenses – to nine runs in three games. Spreading the love of the game: A day inside Chris Mack's Louisville basketball camp Offensively, the Cardinals struggled, again, Friday. Heading into the seventh inning, the Cardinals tallied just two hits on starter Mason Hickman. Hickman, who finished with LINE, was pulled in the seventh inning and Louisville took advantage. Danny Oriente doubled on the first pitch and Louisville's rally began. But poor baserunning halted the rally momentarily. Trey Leonard, who came in to pinch run for Oriente, was thrown out at home attempting to score on a Justin Lavey ground ball. Thought Louisville wasted a chance to tie the game, it responded. Henry Davis followed Lavey with a single. With runners on second and first, and two outs, Lavey attempted a steal to third. Ty Duvall's throw was off the mark and Lavey scored from third. One batter later, Lucas Dunn singled off of the pitcher's glove to bring Davis home and give the Cardinals the lead. Smith carried his strong performance into the ninth inning before walking JJ Bleday with one out. Ethan Paul double to right field on the next at-bat, tying the game and McDonnell pulled Smith for Michael McAvene. McDonnell doesn't regret leaving Smith on the mound, though. "You know, and that's the challenge in coaching, is you don't want to take your pitcher out too early and you don't want to take him out too late," McDonnell said. "But I think I can sleep tonight." McAvene allowed a double, which inched over third baseman Alex Binelas' glove, to guve Vanderbilt the lead. Still, Louisville had a chance late. With Campbell on second, Louisville had a chance for more late-game magic, but Lavey struck out and Davis popped out to second base. Though many might remember the 2019 College World Series as one where the offense struggled to show up, Tyler Fitzgerald doesn't think about that. "We gave it our all. When you do that you can't really regret anything," Fitzgerald said. 'Stuff happens in baseball, but when you play hard, there's no regret." Instead, the 2019 Louisville team will be known for its historic postseason run. One that makes them the best team in program history, at least in McDonnell's eyes. That's the only opinion that matters to the Cardinals. "It's a goal. It's not easy. You come to the University of Louisville to be the best team ever. But with that being said, they can't be the best team ever if it's not for the '07 team, if it's not for all the players that I've coached, and honestly probably those before them," McDonnell said. "I get a lot of pride from the alumni, and it's a program. 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Home / Press Release / McKinsey & Company's new research shows the metaverse could grow up to $5 trillion in value by 2030 McKinsey & Company's new research shows the metaverse could grow up to $5 trillion in value by 2030 in Press Release June 15, 2022 256 Views \| Short URL 'Value Creation in the Metaverse' report examines the massive, global impact of the metaverse across key sectors and businesses NEW YORK and LONDON and PARIS, June 15, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — McKinsey & Company released its new report "Value creation in the metaverse," which shows the metaverse may be too big to ignore. McKinsey's preliminary forecast shows the metaverse has the potential to grow up to $5 trillion in value by 2030. It shows e-commerce as the largest economic force ($2.6 trillion), ahead of sectors such as virtual learning ($270 billion), advertising ($206 billion), and gaming ($125 billion). As companies of all different shapes and sizes look to enter the metaverse, this extensive report provides a clear view of what the metaverse is and is not, what first movers are doing, what's fueling the investment, and the potential for consumer and B2B companies. The report builds on multiple proprietary insights and analysis, including a survey of more than 3,400 consumers and executives on adoption of the metaverse, its potential, and its likely impact on behavior. The researchers also interviewed metaverse builders and industry experts. "The metaverse represents a strategic inflection point for companies, and it presents a significant opportunity to influence the way we live, connect, learn, innovate, and collaborate," said Eric Hazan, senior partner, McKinsey & Company. "Our ambition is to help leaders of both consumer and B2B companies better understand its power and potential, identify strategic imperatives, and act as a force for its evolution." What's fueling the metaverse investment Already this year, companies, venture capital, and private equity firms have invested more than $120 billion in the metaverse—more than double the $57 billion invested in all of last year. Multiple factors are driving this investor enthusiasm: ongoing technological advances across the infrastructure required to power the metaverse demographic tailwinds increasingly consumer-led brand marketing and engagement increasing marketplace readiness as users explore today's version of the metaverse, which is largely driven by gaming while applications emerge in socializing, fitness, commerce, virtual learning, and other uses Already, more than three billion gamers worldwide have access to different versions of the metaverse. "While the idea of connecting virtually has been decades in the making, it is now increasingly real, meaning real people are using it and spending real money and companies are betting big," said Lareina Yee, senior partner, McKinsey & Company. "Yet this booming interest has made it difficult to separate hype from reality. It's worth remembering that while the bust of the first dot-com boom resulted in the disappearance of scores of companies, the internet itself went from strength to strength, giving rise to new entrants." Consumers are already engaging in the metaverse Consumers are already there. McKinsey's research shows consumers are excited about transitioning life into the metaverse, with almost six in ten (59%) consumers preferring at least one metaverse experience over its physical alternative. Among those consumers, certain types of activities stand out for being most preferred in the immersive world: shopping—purchasing physical or virtual goods (79%) attending virtual social events or playing social games (78%) exercising using virtual reality (76%) Senior leaders believe the metaverse will have a significant impact on their industry Business leaders see the metaverse's potential to drive impact and margin growth. Ninety-five percent of leaders say they expect the metaverse to have a positive impact on their industry within five to ten years, with 31 percent saying the metaverse will fundamentally change the way their industry operates. 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Digital / ICT Healthcare and Biomedical Urban Solutions Infrastructure Hub Quality & Standards E-Alert for Standards For Conformity Assessment Bodies Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRAs) For Local companies Loans & Insurance SME Venture Loan SME Equipment and Factory Loan Bridging Loan for Marine and Offshore Engineering Companies Internationalisation Finance Scheme (IFS) Internationalisation Finance Scheme (IFS) - Non-Recourse Internationalisation Finance Scheme (IFS) - Marine and Offshore Engineering Loan Insurance Scheme (LIS) Political Risk Insurance Scheme (PRIS) Trade Credit Insurance Scheme (TCIS) Double Tax Deduction for Internationalisation Angel Investors Tax Deduction (AITD) Fund Management Incentive (FMI) Section 13H Tax Incentive (S13H) Startup SG Equity SEEDS Capital EDBI Non-Financial Assistance For Singapore Companies Support for Startups Talent Attraction and Development Network of Partners Export Guides New Market Entry Support For Foreign Companies Join Singapore's Startup Hub Living in Singapore Setting Up in Singapore Double Tax Avoidance Agreements Skills Development for Students Skills Development for Mid-Career Professionals Love, Bonito: Student blogshop becomes international retail business Homegrown online fashion retailer Love, Bonito brims with all the elements of a classic entrepreneurial tale: following your heart, fighting for your dream, slogging it out, and finally, achieving enviable success. Founders Viola Tan and Rachel Lim first dabbled in e-commerce, if you can even call it that, in 2006. "E-commerce was virtually non-existent," recalled Ms Lim, who is now 28. Neither of them was equipped with formal tech skills, and both were barely out of junior college and university when they decided to run an e-boutique as a formal business. Their entrepreneurial experience started one year before with the sale of pre-loved clothing from their own wardrobes for extra pocket money via a LiveJournal platform. They later imported pieces from Bangkok and Korea. The money was decent: A good month would ring in $1,000. Otherwise, it would be about $500. Once the young women decided to take their online apparel gig to the next level with a 'proper' e-commerce set-up in 2010, they hit the ground running. Response to Love, Bonito's first collection was phenomenal. The voluminous traffic exceeded expectations, crashing the website. Mind you, they had previously prepped the site for a few thousand visitors. A glimpse into Love, Bonito's special collaboration in 2015 with Tex Saverio, the fashion designer behind the opulent wedding dress worn by Katniss Everdeen (Jennifer Lawrence) in the Hunger Games. Photo: Love, Bonito. Fast forward to 2015. Things have changed somewhat. For one, Love, Bonito has grown to become a formidable women's fashion player in a thriving online environment, and is reportedly worth seven figures, according to industry sources. Also, no longer is Love, Bonito importing apparel from Seoul and Bangkok. Instead, approximately 70 new in-house designs are churned out each month, all comfortably wearable in the Singapore climate. Last year, Love, Bonito was compelled to expand into Malaysia, based on web analytics that showed up significant interest from the country's citizens. Through the expertise of IE Singapore, the pair was able to easily gain new market access. Mall landlords, venue owners and recruitment agencies - IE introduced relevant partners covering just about every area that the retail company needed help with. We know who you should meet to make your market ventures work. Despite the evolution of the business from a small-scale blog shop to a full-blown e-commerce success, one thing hasn't changed: Ms Tan and Ms Lim are constantly on their toes, rolling with the times and ever vigilant of trends and	0.622092	0.408198	0.311064	-0.405103	[ -0.19988453003058307, 1.444068403625179 ]	[ -0.2738073296439462, 1.0902039921687319 ]	[ 0.20200609512409906, 0.4201228233071462 ]	[ -0.5062315550570629, -0.3039750167004011 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 15918, 847, 306, 1783, 13, 3868, 4298, 18020, 322, 3457, 27067, 936, 13, 29965, 29878, 2571, 4956, 17925, 13, 797, 14867, 12425, 14533, 13, 24399, 537, 669, 6679, 3163, 13, 29923, 29899, 16649, 363, 6679, 3163, 13, 2831, 1281, 689, 537, 4007, 404, 358, 19929, 583, 13, 29924, 329, 950, 3599, 3811, 654, 25681, 574, 4110, 313, 21055, 2887, 29897, 13, 2831, 9959, 14582, 13, 3410, 550, 669, 512, 7610, 749, 13, 29903, 2303, 21141, 545, 4309, 273, 13, 29903, 2303, 11243, 666, 358, 322, 27561, 4309, 273, 13, 29933, 2429, 3460, 4309, 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consumer needs. Ms Tan, the one who takes care of business development, finance and logistics, modestly attributes Love, Bonito's success to first-mover advantage and "being blessed", but a look at the company's progress over nine years uncovers several smart moves. Love, Bonito churns out approximately 70 new in-house designs every month, all comfortably wearable in the Singapore climate. Here, co-founder Rachel Lim (right) adds on the finishing touches at a catalogue shoot. We highlight five things Love, Bonito has done right: 1) Create a solid brand In 2010, Love, Bonito took designing in-house as by then, explained Ms Tan, "there were many others doing what we were doing", and differentiation was key. This has proved to be a winning strategy. Up to 5,000 packages are shipped out to various parts of the world every week. To keep Love, Bonito fresh in the minds of consumers, both owners are avid adopters of social media, believing it to play a huge part in their company's branding. Ms Lim is not one to mince her words: "This is the digital age - you have to get onto social media. The more you are in denial, the more you will lag behind." The design, creative and marketing head would know. Through deft social media outreach, Love, Bonito has more than 125,000 'Likes' on its Facebook page and over 73,000 Instagram followers. Bloggers and well-known local personalities like singer Daphne Khoo, actress and web show host Oon Shu An and Paralympics gold medallist Yip Pin Xiu, count as brand ambassadors and fans. Added Ms Tan: "Social media is an art. It doesn't matter how many followers you have, discretion, courtesy and a dose of common sense are important." 2) Take a leap of faith A milestone occurred in 2012 during FIDè Fashion Weeks. The pair attended a Julien Fournie show, and instantly fell in love with his work. Eager to work with him, Ms Tan and Ms Lim connected with the French haute couture designer through the event's chairman, Dr Frank Cintamani. "The worst that could happen was he'd reject us," said Ms Lim. But he didn't. And the Love, Bonito x Julien Fournie collection was launched in October 2013. The Love, Bonito x Julien Fournie capsule collection brought high fashion to the masses and earned nods from shoppers and the fashion industry alike. Love, Bonito successfully rides the digital revolution: "This is the digital age.. the more you are in denial, the more you will lag behind." Emboldened by the success, Love, Bonito followed suit in 2015 with yet another collaboration, this time with renowned couturier Tex Saverio. Even if the name doesn't strike a chord, his creations likely do: Saverio was the mastermind behind the gloriously opulent Wedding Dress worn by Katniss Everdeen (Jennifer Lawrence) in The Hunger Games. Lady Gaga had also picked his work to wear for her Fame fragrance campaign. With assistance from IE Singapore, Love, Bonito linked up with Indonesia's equivalent to the edgy Alexander McQueen. 3) Listen to data Close attention to data divulged two key points: Overseas orders were steadily increasing and the greatest number of sign-ups came from Malaysia (10 per cent after Singapore's 85 per cent). From there, Ms Tan and Ms Lim felt the time was right to go overseas. "It was only natural," said Ms Tan simply. The obvious foreign market to begin in was Malaysia. Instead of rushing in, the company observed trends and analysed information over one year before taking the plunge. 4) Get help Opening in Malaysia marked the start of Love, Bonito's venture into foreign markets. There was one stumbling block: The market was completely alien to the two Singapore entrepreneurs. IE stepped in to help Love, Bonito speed up the globalisation process. 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BATON ROUGE – The LSU Office of the Dean of Students is proud to present the Tiger Twelve Class of 2014 at a ceremony to be held Saturday, April 26, at 2 p.m. in the Rotunda of the LSU Business Education Complex. • De André Beadle, a native of Houston, majoring in sociology and minoring in political science. While at LSU, Beadle was selected to be a Ronald E. McNair Research Scholar and a participant-turned-facilitator and mentor in the Summer Scholars Program. He served as president of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity and co-founded the Student Government Black Caucus. Beadle was also a member of the Leadership LSU Class of 2014 and the Black Male Leadership Initiative Class of 2010. Beadle will pursue a Ph.D. in sociology/criminology beginning in fall 2014, and hopes to work in juvenile advocacy focusing on mentoring, instilling the value of community service and assimilating youth back to their communities. • Arielle Brown, a native of Norco, La., majoring in psychology and minoring in African & African-American Studies. In her time at LSU, Brown has served as a Ronald E. McNair Research Scholar and her research has provided a better understanding of internalized racism and self-esteem of African-American students at two universities. She has served as the president of the Impact Movement at LSU, which coordinated food distribution to families in New Orleans and Atlanta. Additionally, she volunteered as a Big Buddy program mentor and as a Baton Rouge Crisis Intervention Center phone counselor. Brown will pursue a Ph.D. in counseling psychology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in fall 2014. She will be studying racial factors, specifically color-blind racial ideology, in educational achievements and attitudes. • Alex Cagnola, a native of Lafayette, La., majoring in biological engineering and minoring in business administration. During his time as an LSU student, Cagnola was a researcher and peer mentor in the Howard Hughes Medical Institute Program. He has been an active member of the LSU Greek community, serving on the Greek Board of Directors managing a large Habitat for Humanity build during Greek Week, as a senior team member of the Greek Leadership Institute and as philanthropy chairman of his fraternity, Sigma Phi Epsilon. Cagnola also served as a senator in LSU Student Government. Cagnola will be working in San Antonio as a drilling Engineer for U.S. Enercorp LTD. He also plans to attend graduate school to attain master's degrees in petroleum engineering and business. • Shaely Cheramie, a native of Lockport, La., majoring in psychology. While at LSU, Cheramie was a strong advocate for students with hearing impairments. She founded the Deaf and Hard of Hearing Club at LSU, served on the Louisiana School for the Deaf Foundation Advisory Board, provided applied behavior analysis therapy for children with hearing and language impairments and was a mentor and volunteer for Deaf Focus Service LLC. Cheramie also served on the Students Against Destructive Decisions. National Student Leadership Council, and taught preschool at Parkview Baptist School. Beginning in fall 2014, Cheramie will pursue a Ph.D. in clinical psychology at Gallaudet University in Washington, D.C., with the long-term goal of becoming a clinical psychologist. • Catherine Fontenot, a native of Basile, La., majoring in biological sciences and minoring in leadership development and international studies. At LSU, Fontenot has worked as a clinic volunteer with Volunteer Health Corps, where she helped bring healthcare to those without access, while also serving as president of the Alpha Epsilon Delta honor society at LSU for pre-medical students, where she implemented a new service program. She also worked to advocate for gulf states and coastal issues by serving in the Louisiana Service and Leadership Program, as well as the Equity and Inclusion Campaign. After completing an internship in Washington, D.C., through the Harry S. Truman Foundation, Catherine hopes to attend medical school. 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in Louisiana and around the world to increase access to healthcare and decrease rates of HIV/AIDS. • Nathan Irby, a native of Shreveport majoring in marketing and minoring in entrepreneurship. Irby is currently working with the Office of the Baton Rouge Mayor-President and local employers to place 100 at-risk youth in summer internships in their chosen field. He also served as a fellow of the Stephenson Entrepreneurship Institute at LSU, where he worked with a start-up solar company that leased solar panels to low-income families. Irby also served on the Greek Board of Directors at LSU, as the director of the Greek Leadership Institute, and in several positions planning the LSU Greek Life annual EMPOWER Greek leadership development program. Irby will be working in management consulting for the oil and gas industry working with Trenegy, a Houston based consulting firm. He will begin his role as an analyst in June. • Johnny Johnson, a native of Lafayette, majoring in architecture. During his time at LSU, Johnson served as LSU chapter president and Louisiana undergraduate representative to the ninth district council of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity. He also served as secretary and graphic designer for National PanHellenic Council and as a facilitator for the LSU Greek Life annual EMPOWER Greek leadership development program. Johnson was also lead choreographer for Legacy Dancers, a student dance group that performs for several LSU community events. Johnson plans to relocate to Houston, where he will start an internship and seek full-time employment with a healthcare architecture office. • Morgan Matchett, a native of Baton Rouge, majoring in mathematics and minoring in leadership development. Matchett served in several leadership positions, including president, for Volunteer LSU; as a team leader for the CHANGE Break: Peru alternative service break program; as a Youth Volunteer Corps Team Leader for Capital Area United Way; and in the Center for Student Missions in appointments in San Francisco Bay and Denver. Matchett was also a student researcher and member of the Advisory Board for the LA-STEM Research Scholars Program as well as a policy intern for the Southern Governor's Association. Matchett will be attending graduate school this fall at Florida State University, where she will study higher education & student affairs. She will work in their Center for Leadership & Social Change as the graduate assistant for community engagement. • Taylor Parks, a native of New Roads, majoring in psychology and communication studies. Parks served as the LSU Student Body Vice President during the 2013-14 school year. Through her time at LSU, she served as an LSU Ambassador, during which she served as an orientation chair, orientation leader and small group leader for STRIPES, an intensive orientation and college transition program. Parks was a research assistant to LSU Department of Psychology Assistant Professor Alex Cohen and conducted 90 hours of experiments aimed at better understanding symptoms of individuals with schizophrenia. Parks will pursue a Ph.D. in counseling psychology at Texas A&M University beginning in fall 2014. • Shelby Pursley, a native of Winter Springs, Fla., majoring in biological engineering and minoring in chemistry. Pursley served as president of the LSU College of Engineering College Council and the Biological Engineering Student Organization, where she ensured the longevity of the organization and adapted the organization to be a strong community group for both biological engineering students and staff. She also held positions in the Tau Beta Pi Engineering Honor Society and in the Pi Beta Phi Fraternity for women. Pursley conducted research as one of the Chancellor's Future Leaders in Research and read with primary school children as a member of Volunteers in Public Schools. Pursley will pursue a Ph.D. in bioengineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, beginning in fall 2014. • Tuan Tran, a native of New Iberia, La., majoring in biological sciences and minoring in psychology and chemistry. During his time at LSU, Tran participated in a variety of programs that have in common their service to the community. 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UK Government Publishes List Of Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Security Suggestions Your Blog » UK Government Publishes List Of Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Security Suggestions Previous: The Man Accountable For Passwords Says Tips Was Wrong Next: Facebook Makes Users Getting Ads To Offer Social Safety Quantity This will be much more helpful for the duration of the darker evenings and if you are spending a night or week away from your property! The most straightforward security tip is to leave a radio or Tv on as an option to leaving the lights on. Security items such as a light with a timer can be bought online. You can also buy a tv simulator, which mimics a Television screen. By emitting various colours and light patterns, it will seem somebody is in your property watching tv.My other should-have item is — ready? — a belt with a plastic buckle. I purchased a sturdy nylon belt from Thomas Bates ($14.95) a tiny whilst ago and it has served me quite effectively in my travels. I've been through security with it dozens of times and not ever had to remove it. (I have PreCheck, which lets me keep my belt on. The occasions I've worn a standard belt and set off the metal detector, I've had to get rid of it.) Getting to take off and put on a belt is not life-changing in the grand scheme of issues, but in the tiny, stressful bubble of airport security, it can genuinely make a distinction when you happen to be rushing to make a flight.Fraudsters can use your details to impersonate you, to receive credit cards in your name, to guess at the answers to bank safety questions or to get access to a lot more of your personal data. Keeping your info private will support to protect you from identity theft and fraud.Fraudsters can use your particulars to impersonate you, to get credit cards in your name, to guess at the answers to bank security questions or to obtain access to far more of your individual info. Maintaining your information private will support to defend you from identity theft and fraud.It really is not just the operating method that is vulnerable to attacks. Cyber-criminals can and do discover safety holes in applications of all sorts, which is why we're continually becoming nagged to set up updates and patches. Just as you can avoid most viruses by switching away from Windows, you can reduce your threat by utilizing significantly less popular computer software that is significantly less likely to be targeted: for instance, rather of Chrome you could switch to the Opera browser As an alternative of Microsoft Workplace, consider LibreOffice (which has the extra advantage of being free of charge).This is a tip that's more beneficial on smartphones, but tablets and laptops can benefit from it as well: Windows 10 lets you save maps to your device in case you need to drop a Wi-Fi or data connection although you happen to be trying to scout out the nearby location. Head to the Settings app then choose System and Offline maps to pick which maps to download (every area comes with an estimate of how much storage space will be taken up). You can then launch and use the Maps app no matter whether or not you can get online.If you printed out your boarding pass beforehand — due to the fact you certainly checked in online the night before, appropriate? — this is not as applicable, but a lot of people, myself included, use their phones as boarding passes. That is all fine although you're sending emails and checking Instagram in the course of a lengthy security line, but 15 minutes becomes 30 minutes and whoops — abruptly your phone dies.Pick Your Flight Times Wisely. In the course of the weekdays, avoid travel early in the morning or from five to eight p.m., Mr. Holtz said, because these are the hours when company travelers have a tendency to fly. Also, Saturdays, in common, are a very good day to fly to numerous destinations because leisure travelers normally head out for their trips on Fridays and return on Sundays, and there is restricted enterprise travel.A firewall acts as a barrier among your home personal computer and the visit web site. If you have any kind of concerns concerning where and ways to make use of visit web site, visit web site you could call us at our own internet visit web site. It can aid screen out unauthorized access and can log attempts to enter your program. 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In late September 2014, thousands of people started to occupy major streets in Hong Kong which lasted for more than two months. The protesters followed the call of the Occupy Central with Love and Peace movement, which had threatened civil disobedience if real democracy was denied. This had happened on August 31st when the Chinese National People's Congress Standing Committee released its restrictive decision on the implementation of universal suffrage for the chief executive. 1 Eventually, students initiated the street blockades after a week-long strike. When the peaceful protesters were met with tear gas, tens of thousands of Hongkongers were propelled to go to the streets to protest the excessive violence against the students and other activists. As the protesters had defended themselves with umbrellas, it became known as the Umbrella Movement. While the outburst of passionate protest activity was influenced by economic concerns similar to previous protests, it was primarily an anti-materialist movement which stressed self-sacrifice for real universal suffrage. Hong Kong has the highest income inequality among the developed economies of the world and worryingly this discrepancy is still increasing. While the Gini coefficient, which measures inequality, was already at an alarming 0.52 in 1996, that number had increased to 0.54 in 2011. This can be partially blamed on a business-dominated undemocratic political system which accords disproportionate power to the tycoons while neglecting the massive number of poor. Labor unions are extremely weak and unable to achieve much for their employees, who fear that striking could make them jobless in a highly competitive environment. Many people live in extremely crammed environments including cage homes that are so tiny it is impossible to sit upright. Recent measures to combat the problem such as the introduction of a minimum wage and the setting of an official poverty line have done little to stem the problem. This is due to the fact that these measures are highly insufficient as for instance the minimum wage of HK$30 (as of December 2014) is not enough to afford food and housing. The primary underlying factors driving the movement have therefore not been directly related to inequality but rather to the declining social mobility and worsening quality of life, 3 which affect those in the middle the most. In 2003, the inability of the government to deal with these problems were combined with the fear that even the civil rights, which are core values of Hongkongers, could be lost. It was triggered by the government's proposal to pass security legislation under Article 23 of the Basic Law, which threatened to undermine freedom of speech and assembly. As a consequence, an estimated 500,000 people joined in a massive rally through the central areas of Hong Kong island. The government eventually shelved the law and one year and another massive protest later, Tung Chee-hwa, the chief executive, also resigned. The recent Umbrella Movement has some things in common with previous pro-democracy protests. The main drivers behind the call for real democracy came from both students and academics, who were frustrated by the very slow progress of political reforms and deeply worried about the future of the city. The vast majority of participants were from middle income groups and not from those most affected by the deep social problems. In fact, a city-wide worker's strike, which was proposed by pan-democratic labor organizations, never materialized. The reality is that most workers rely on their meager salaries for survival and are not willing to risk their own jobs. The income inequality thus mattered more as a concern among academics. Much more close to the hearts of the activists was the fact that opportunities for upward mobility have become rare and housing costs make it very difficult to have a better life than previous generations. The movement also differed in one important aspect from most previous protests. Instead of emphasizing economic concerns, the Umbrella Movement epitomized the rejection of materialism and the money-making culture. It aspired to more idealistic goals such as the development of a truly democratic community in which people trust each other. A number of noteworthy events highlight this character of the movement. While the annual pro-democratic protest on 1st of July is used by many political parties and non-governmental organizations to collect donations, this was not the case in the two-month occupation. No one sold anything and people gave away stickers or postcards for free. 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were sold at production costs. In addition, you could get free water, snacks, or hot soup from supply stations. Many Hongkongers who did not dare to participate, donated large amounts of resources for the supply stations that supported it. Another important difference was the fact that the Umbrella Movement was a site that stressed arts and handicrafts, which are generally held in low regard by the money-oriented society. Because the government has primarily focused on what it considers the four key pillars of the economy (financial services, trading and logistics, tourism, as well as producer and professional services), manufacturing and cultural industries have been neglected. In the main protest site, called Umbrella Square, volunteers erected a self-made study corner as well as a network of passageways for easier access. Yellow ribbons made out of leather were produced as well as T-shirts were printed with Umbrella themed logos for which people stood in long lines. Finally, impressive installation art and drawings of all kinds were displayed. These artworks dealt with underlying issues, such as the social problems, as well as the need to keep faith in a better, democratic future. A key characteristic of the movement was moreover its educational nature. A group of professors and lecturers offered free lectures which began already during the student boycott in late September. During the occupation, the "democracy classroom" moved to the streets. The more than 110 different talks primarily focused on topics related to the movement including democratic politics, liberties, civil disobedience, as well as comparative perspectives. This aspect of the movement demonstrated the attempt to create a more sophisticated citizenry that is more aware of its rights and why those are important for the future development of the city. While a great deal of the activity was concentrated on the three main protest sites, there was also an attempt to expand the movement into the larger society. The most prominent attempt was the use of a gigantic yellow banner, which was placed on Hong Kong's landmark Lion Rock, an iconic mountain that can be seen from most of Kowloon. This was, however, not only an attempt to increase visibility but also an attempt to redefine the core meaning of the Hong Kong identity. In the 1970s, the mountain was seen as synonymous with the can-do spirit of Hongkongers, who can overcome any difficulties to climb the social ladder. The group announced in their Youtube video that "We think the spirit of Lion Rock isn't just about money…the people fighting for universal suffrage all over Hong Kong have shown great perseverance in their fight against injustice and perseverance in the face of difficulties. This is the true Lion Rock spirit." 4 With other words, Hongkongers are aiming for more than merely economic success to develop a democratic society that respects everyone. The most obvious example of the anti-materialist bent of the protest movement was the most recent form of protest, the so-called "Shopping Revolution" which has driven hundreds of people to participate in unorganized but peaceful resistance protests almost every night. The movement emerged after the clearance of the Mongkok protest site. Inside the rugged shopping district, the protesters meet at the same movie theatre every night around 8pm and then proceed their "shopping" tour along Sai Yeung Choi Street, which is a very busy shopping street. It includes the frequent chanting of slogans, the use of yellow banners that call for democracy, and slow walking and tossing of coins and picking them up again. This form of protest emerged when CY Leung announced that, after the clearance of the protest site, people should go back to shopping, which had triggered the memory of a Chinese mainlander who had been interviewed by the media during an anti-democracy protest and had said that she was in Hong Kong for shopping. The protesters then upended this and went protesting that appears like shopping. As a result, hundreds of policemen are deployed every night in the area. In conclusion, Hong Kong's regime change is driven mainly by people in the middle income groups, who are worried about the future of the city. Economic concerns such as the high housing costs and the living expenses clearly play an important role but they are less important than more idealistic values such as personal liberties and democratic rights. The Umbrella Movement has been markedly anti-materialist and grassroots democratic as many participants were striving for something more valuable than financial wealth. 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_About & FAQs _Britt on CinemaBlend _Movie Reviews _Movies on Netflix _Must-See Movies _Television Reviews _TV Movie Reviews _Game of Thrones _Best TV on Netflix _Playlists _Music Reviews _Netflix _Amazon Prime Video _Acorn TV Interview with Sam Batt (Founder of Battfest) Eclectic Pop was fortunate to have Battfest founder, Sam Batt give an interview. Here she discusses her musical inspirations, aspirations and how you can join the Battfest movement. Eclectic Pop: First of all I want to thank you for doing this interview. You are Eclectic Pop's very first interview! I want to start by saying that I really respect what you are doing with this festival. It is an amazing & admirable achievement. Was there one thing that inspired you to start Battfest or was it a collection of things? Sam Batt: Thank you that's very kind of you to say. I'm honoured! I was on my way out to do a gig and Tony Moore posted on Facebook that he wanted to do some house gigs with his protege Ilona. I wanted to get his attention because he's helped a lot of emerging artists and runs venues in London, so I suggested a mini festival in my garden so I could play too and he loved the idea. I had done a lot of gigs that year so I got on the phone and called all the best acts I had met along the way. Tony called it Battfest and helped me set up the streaming. We only had about 3 weeks to prepare and I had one main helper, Roger Fauske. It was supposed to be a one-off but so many people asked me when the next one was going to be I decided to do it again. I had just joined the roster of Ladylake Music, who are the most awesome, US based promotions team. They started getting me lots of radio play and interviews and then I realised I could get all the radio stations involved in Battfest. On the topic of inspiration, what was your first concert? I grew up in a musical family so did a lot of performing as a child and was lucky enough to see some fantastic live gigs. I saw people like Elton John from the wings in huge venues and Stevie Wonder singing at a BBQ at the studio where he was recording. I did a solo piano gig playing jazz standards for a school function when I was about 14. My first band gig was in the manor house at Chessington Zoo. What are some things that people can expect from Battfest 2013? Mainly, GREAT music, all sorts of genres. We've got a lot of singer-songwriters and acoustic music and we've also got some brilliant bands. We'll have interviews in between acts and we'll also have some comedy and magic tricks from The Great Alprendo. As a singer/songwriter yourself, what is something that most people don't understand about musicians? We need to eat! Music takes time and money to produce. There's a lot of practicing and honing of skills and songs involved. We need to get paid and actually sell music, not just give it away. The gap between truly talented artists and who is having Billboard success seems to be infinitely large. What do you see as the key to bridging that gap and what is it that you think causes that divide in the first place? The music industry is going through massive changes at the moment. It used to be that you needed a record company because the costs of recording and promoting music were so high. Only a few acts would actually get signed and that these acts would either become huge megastars, or in a lot of cases, get shelved by their record companies so other acts didn't have to compete with them. You'd get offered a contract on a take-it-or-leave-it basis that often wasn't a great deal, but if you wanted to make it, you took and hoped for a better deal once you had. You hear so many stories about well-known musicians that ended up broke. That's all changing now because the technology to record is affordable and the technology to distribute and promote is as well. The trouble is, if you are doing everything that would previously have been done by a whole team of people it leaves less time for making music and indie artists don't generally have the resources to promote and advertise on mainstream media. 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internet enables us but it also makes it difficult to stand out from the crowd, because there are so many great indie artists out there In the current climate of how people discover new music, what do you see as the best way for rising artists to be discovered? In my opinion sharing reciprocal promotions is the way forward. If I share a link to my friend's music, rather than my own, it gets more attention. It's so much easier to blow someone elses' trumpet! This doesn't just work with artists - there's a huge web of indie media. If I send 30 artists' music to a radio station it helps the artists AND the station because the artists share the links to the shows they're played on and bring in new listeners. When the radio stations team up and swap shows (cross-syndicate) they get more content and more listeners. The more we help each other, the more good it does us. That's why I'm building the Organic Media Network. I was going to call it the Organic Music Network but I realised we have a load of other media involved. Do you have any dream acts that you would like to see perform at Battfest, if so, who? I'd like to get some of the more well-known indies to play like George MIchael and David Bowie. That would be pretty cool. What has been your proudest moment running Battfest thus far? Firstly, I was really proud of the team coming together last year - at least a hundred people, most of whom hadn't met, all came together with loads of different technology and set up in my house and garden and it all worked. That was pretty good. Watching Rodney Branigan play last year gave me tingles because I couldn't believe the standard of entertainment I had managed to pull together. I think the best moment was finding out [that] we were trending on Twitter in the US. That's really hard to do. I couldn't have done that without Ladylake. What are you most excited for people to see at this year's Battfest? It's not so much what, as who. I've got the most AMAZING lineup. It's very eclectic too - should be something for everybody's tastes. It's so good I don't know who to pick out for you - they're all gems. This year they'll be displayed against black velvet and properly lit! If you go to the website you can click on their names and preview their music and also our playlist of their tracks which sounds awesome. I'm so glad to be on that album :) Where can everybody join the Battfest movement and check out the festival? Battfest.com and Battfest's Facebook page. If you want to be part of it you can help spread the word by sharing our player from the Facebook page on your social networks and be a broadcaster yourself! It will also be very easy to embed on any website. You can help by social networking too http://battfest.com/index.php/support-us/fan-support If you are a tv or radio station and would like to take some or all of the broadcast on your station, please get in touch http://battfest.com/index.php/contact-us and we'll send you a link. I want to thank Sam Batt for taking the time to do this interview. She is an amazing force and music is very lucky to have her presence. Written by Britt Lawrence Tags: Eclectic Pop Interview Music Britt Lawrence Britt is a freelance writer, and entertainment enthusiast with an "eclectic" taste in "pop" culture. As a freelancer, she is currently a Contributing TV News Writer at CinemaBlend. You can learn more about her by clicking her name. 'Medici' Season 3 Teaser Trailer Reveals Thrilling Final Chapter 'Black Spot' ('Zone Blanche') Season 2: That Ending And Theories That Could Explain It Streaming Spotlight: 'Jack Taylor' Season 4 Is Coming To Acorn TV 'Silver Spoon' Season 3 Trailer Has Me Desperate For Netflix Release The Archives January (7) December (11) November (13) October (9) September (10) August (9) July (6) June (6) May (12) April (9) March (8) February (11) January (5) December (5) November (4) October (4)	0.341137	-0.648496	-0.697091	-1.612464	[ 0.7318371805458236, -0.04956265169796915 ]	[ -0.08802961433306292, -1.2089631062329467 ]	[ 0.001643054118741791, -1.3958257508679905 ]	[ -1.0544703390913581, -2.1704581841718453 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 8986, 28936, 502, 541, 372, 884, 3732, 372, 5189, 304, 2317, 714, 515, 278, 19174, 29892, 1363, 727, 526, 577, 1784, 2107, 1399, 347, 17906, 714, 727, 13, 797, 278, 1857, 23622, 310, 920, 2305, 6523, 716, 4696, 29892, 825, 437, 366, 1074, 408, 278, 1900, 982, 363, 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#include <Xm/Xm.h> #include <Xbae/MatrixP.h> #include <Xbae/Actions.h> #include <Xbae/Utils.h> #include <Xbae/Clip.h> /* * Public.c created by Andrew Lister (7 August, 1995) / / * Public interface to set_cell method / void XbaeMatrixSetCell(w, row, column, value ) Widget w; int row; int column; const String value; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the set_cell method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_cell) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column, value, True); } /* * Public interface to edit_cell method / void XbaeMatrixEditCell(w, row, column) Widget w; int row, column; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the edit_cell method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.edit_cell) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column); XmProcessTraversal(TextChild(((XbaeMatrixWidget) w)), XmTRAVERSE_CURRENT); } /* * Public interface to select_cell method / void XbaeMatrixSelectCell(w, row, column) Widget w; int row, column; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the select_cell method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.select_cell) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column); } /* * Public interface to select_row method / void XbaeMatrixSelectRow(w, row) Widget w; int row; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the select_row method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.select_row) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row); } /* * Public interface to select_column method / void XbaeMatrixSelectColumn(w, column) Widget w; int column; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the select_column method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.select_column) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, column); } /* * Public interface to deselect_all method / void XbaeMatrixDeselectAll(w) Widget w; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the deselect_all method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.deselect_all) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w); } /* * Public interface to deselect_cell method / void XbaeMatrixDeselectCell(w, row, column) Widget w; int row; int column; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass	-1.569218	-1.645876	-0.417629	0.345067	[ -1.5363453298761236, -1.6020897504680642 ]	[ -1.6029013941210848, -1.6888515660239514 ]	[ -0.5262121092893592, -0.3090464714908312 ]	[ 0.44131756515405024, 0.24881616530333678 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29871, 13, 13, 29937, 2856, 529, 29990, 29885, 29914, 29990, 29885, 29889, 29882, 29958, 13, 29937, 2856, 529, 29990, 2291, 29872, 29914, 14609, 29925, 29889, 29882, 29958, 13, 29937, 2856, 529, 29990, 2291, 29872, 29914, 26525, 29889, 29882, 29958, 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, NULL); /* * Call the deselect_cell method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.deselect_cell) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column); } /* * Public interface to deselect_row method / void XbaeMatrixDeselectRow(w, row) Widget w; int row; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the deselect_row method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.deselect_row) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row); } /* * Public interface to deselect_column method / void XbaeMatrixDeselectColumn(w, column) Widget w; int column; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the deselect_column method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.deselect_column) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, column); } /* * Public interface to get_cell method / String XbaeMatrixGetCell(w, row, column) Widget w; int row, column; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the get_cell method / return (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.get_cell) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column); } /* * Public interface to commit_edit method / Boolean #if NeedFunctionPrototypes XbaeMatrixCommitEdit(Widget w, Boolean unmap) #else XbaeMatrixCommitEdit(w, unmap) Widget w; Boolean unmap; #endif { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the commit_edit method / return (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.commit_edit) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, unmap); } /* * Public interface to cancel_edit method / void #if NeedFunctionPrototypes XbaeMatrixCancelEdit(Widget w, Boolean unmap) #else XbaeMatrixCancelEdit(w, unmap) Widget w; Boolean unmap; #endif { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the cancel_edit method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.cancel_edit) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, unmap); } /* * Public interface to add_rows method / void XbaeMatrixAddRows(w, position, rows, labels, colors, num_rows) Widget w; int position; String rows; String labels; Pixel colors; int num_rows; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the add_rows method / ( ( ( XbaeMatrixWidgetClass )XtClass( w ) )->matrix_class.add_rows ) ( ( XbaeMatrixWidget ) w, position, rows, labels, colors, NULL, num_rows ); } /* * Public interface to delete_rows method */ void XbaeMatrixDeleteRows(w, position, num_rows	-1.566478	-1.452489	-0.270369	0.220201	[ -1.711663784787965, -1.4212925938402277 ]	[ -1.6673640230482347, -1.2376131635339023 ]	[ -0.3749887381508222, -0.16574885355661997 ]	[ 0.04590928437961182, 0.39449290032549833 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29892, 4265, 416, 13, 13, 1678, 4949, 13, 268, 334, 8251, 278, 553, 15436, 29918, 3729, 1158, 13, 268, 3776, 13, 1678, 3070, 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) Widget w; int position; int num_rows; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the delete_rows method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.delete_rows) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, num_rows); } /* * Public interface to add_columns method / void XbaeMatrixAddColumns(w, position, columns, labels, widths, max_lengths, alignments, label_alignments, colors, num_columns) Widget w; int position; String columns; String labels; short widths; int max_lengths; unsigned char alignments; unsigned char label_alignments; Pixel colors; int num_columns; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the add_columns method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.add_columns) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, columns, labels, widths, max_lengths, alignments, label_alignments, colors, NULL, num_columns); } /* * Public interface to delete_columns method / void XbaeMatrixDeleteColumns(w, position, num_columns) Widget w; int position; int num_columns; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the delete_columns method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.delete_columns) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, num_columns); } /* * Public interface to set_row_colors method / void XbaeMatrixSetRowColors(w, position, colors, num_colors) Widget w; int position; Pixel colors; int num_colors; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the set_row_colors method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_row_colors) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, colors, num_colors, False); } /* * Public interface to set_column_colors method / void XbaeMatrixSetColumnColors(w, position, colors, num_colors) Widget w; int position; Pixel colors; int num_colors; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the set_column_colors method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_column_colors) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, colors, num_colors, False); } /* * Public interface to set_cell_color method / void XbaeMatrixSetCellColor(w, row, column, color) Widget w; int row; int column; Pixel color; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the set_cell_color method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_cell_color) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column, color, False); } /* * Public interface to set_row_colors method */ void XbaeMatrixSetRowBackgrounds(w, position, colors	-1.426771	-1.255519	-0.071908	0.436115	[ -1.4979944178641584, -1.3555481732482872 ]	[ -1.3307258497620076, -1.1803130489319913 ]	[ 0.039686669499505826, -0.18350254073430985 ]	[ 0.4985477110556137, 0.37368193817947526 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29897, 13, 8801, 281, 29936, 13, 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, num_colors) Widget w; int position; Pixel colors; int num_colors; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the set_row_colors method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_row_colors) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, colors, num_colors, True); } /* * Public interface to set_column_colors method / void XbaeMatrixSetColumnBackgrounds(w, position, colors, num_colors) Widget w; int position; Pixel colors; int num_colors; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the set_column_colors method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_column_colors) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, colors, num_colors, True); } /* * Public interface to set_cell_color method / void XbaeMatrixSetCellBackground(w, row, column, color) Widget w; int row; int column; Pixel color; { / * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass / XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); / * Call the set_cell_color method / (((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_cell_color) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column, color, True); } /* * Help the user know what row & column he is in given an x & y (via an event). * Return True on success, False on failure. / int XbaeMatrixGetEventRowColumn(w, event, row, column) Widget w; XEvent event; int row; int column; { XbaeMatrixWidget mw; int x, y; CellType cell; if (!XtIsSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass)) return (False); /* Convert the event to the correct XY for the matrix widget. / mw = (XbaeMatrixWidget) w; if (!xbaeEventToXY(mw, event, &x, &y, &cell)) return (False); / Convert the point to a row,column. If it does not pick a valid cell, then return. / if (!xbaeXYToRowCol(mw, &x, &y, row, column, cell)) return (False); return (True); } / * Help the programmer to know what row & column we are currently at. * Set the row & column to -1 if bad widget. Maybe the program will core. :) / void XbaeMatrixGetCurrentCell(w, row, column) Widget w; int row; int column; { XbaeMatrixWidget mw; if (!XtIsSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass)) row = column = -1; else { mw = (XbaeMatrixWidget)w; row = mw->matrix.current_row; column = mw->matrix.current_column; } } / * Allow the programmer to call the Expose method directly if he feels * that it is really needed. / void XbaeMatrixRefresh(w) Widget w; { XbaeMatrixWidget mw = ( XbaeMatrixWidget )w; if (XtIsSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass) && XtIsRealized((Widget)mw)) { / * Generate expose events on Matrix and Clip to force the redrawing. */ XClearArea(XtDisplay(mw),	-1.317197	-1.174941	0.042223	0.527163	[ -1.322675962952317, -1.311718559520327 ]	[ -1.1480817344684164, -1.201800591907708 ]	[ 0.22736850537794176, -0.14292268432816155 ]	[ 0.4673312678365791, 0.5869943001762118 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29892, 954, 29918, 27703, 29897, 13, 8801, 281, 29936, 13, 524, 2602, 29936, 13, 29637, 334, 27703, 29936, 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\section{Introduction} The main result of the present paper is to construct a two-parameter family of Markov processes $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ in the infinite-dimensional Kingman simplex \begin{equation} \overline{\nabla}_\infty=\biggl\{x=(x_1,x_2,\dots)\in[0,1]^\infty\colon x_1\ge x_2\ge\dots\ge0,\ {\displaystyle \sum\limits_{i=1}^\infty x_i\le 1}\biggr\}. \end{equation*} In the topology of coordinatewise convergence $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ is a compact, metrizable and separable space. Denote by $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ the algebra of real continuous functions on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ with pointwise operations and the supremum norm. In $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ there is a distinguished dense subspace $\mathcal{F}:=\mathbb{R}\left[ q_1,q_2,\dots \right]$ generated (as a commutative unital algebra) by algebraically independent continuous functions $q_k(x):=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i^{k+1}$, $k=1,2,\dots$, $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. For each $0\le\alpha<1$ and $\theta>-\alpha$ we define an operator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$ which can be written as a formal differential operator of second order with respect to the generators of the algebra $\mathcal{F}$:\footnote{Here, by agreement, $q_0=1$.} \begin{equation}\label{f0.1} \begin{array}{lcl} A&=&\displaystyle \sum_{i,j=1}^{\infty}(i+1)(j+1)(q_{i+j}-q_iq_j)\frac{\partial^2}{\partial q_i\partial q_j} \\&&\displaystyle\qquad+ \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left[ -(i+1)(i+\theta)q_i+(i+1)(i-\alpha)q_{i-1} \right]\frac{\partial}{\partial q_i}, \end{array} \end{equation} or (subject to certain restrictions, see Remarks \ref{p5.2} and \ref{p5.3} below) as a differential operator in natural coordinates: \begin{equation}\label{f0.2} A=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i^2}- \sum_{i,j=1}^{\infty}x_ix_j\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i\partial x_j}- \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}(\theta x_i+\alpha)\frac{\partial}{\partial x_i}. \end{equation} It is worth noting that the operator $A$ is defined only on $\mathcal{F}$, and a direct application of the right-hand sides of (\ref{f0.1}) and (\ref{f0.2}) to other functions requires caution. \smallskip {\bf{}Main theorem\/}. {\em{} {\rm{}(1)\/} The operator $A$ is closable in $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$; {\rm{}(2)\/} Its closure $\overline A$ generates a diffusion process $\{\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$, that is, a strong Markov process with continuous sample paths; {\rm{}(3)\/} The two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ is a unique invariant probability measure for $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$. The process is reversible with respect to that measure; {\rm{}(4)\/} The spectrum of the generator $\overline A$ is described explicitly in \S\ref{s4.2} below. Due to existence of a spectral gap, the process $\x{\alpha	0.08107	-1.219707	0.163962	2.064573	[ 0.26614753468624514, -0.10400725000066988 ]	[ -0.9224625332233918, -1.5169512222182184 ]	[ 0.40997785920560914, -0.08205289971893909 ]	[ 2.220654828639023, 1.9084903964486768 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 320, 2042, 19740, 25898, 29913, 13, 1576, 1667, 1121, 310, 278, 2198, 5650, 338, 304, 3386, 263, 1023, 29899, 15501, 13, 11922, 310, 4485, 586, 10174, 29871, 13, 4535, 29916, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 2119, 29873, 1262, 297, 278, 10362, 29899, 12531, 4088, 1171, 13, 3601, 10709, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29905, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 2013, 3752, 3820, 10045, 29916, 7607, 29916, 29918, 29896, 29892, 29916, 29918, 29906, 2053, 7778, 2144, 262, 29961, 29900, 29892, 29896, 29962, 3823, 3411, 29905, 17308, 921, 29918, 29896, 29905, 479, 921, 29918, 29906, 29905, 479, 29905, 7778, 29905, 479, 29900, 2053, 13, 12, 741, 15618, 320, 2083, 29905, 12514, 648, 29875, 29922, 29896, 10206, 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}{\theta}(t)$ is ergodic with respect to the measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$\/}. \smallskip Fix arbitrary $0\le\alpha<1$ and $\theta>-\alpha$. We construct the process in the simplex $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ as a limit for a sequence of finite Markov chains with growing number of states. The state space for $n$th chain is the set of all partitions of $n$. Denote this set by $\mathbb{K}_n$. Each $\mathbb{K}_n$ is equipped with a certain probability measure $M_n$ (also depending on $\alpha$ and $\theta$) which is explicitly written out. The system $\{M_n\}$ is a partition structure.\footnote{This concept was introduced in \cite{Ki3}. In a more general setting also the name ``coherent system of random partitions'' is used (see, e.g., \cite{KOO,BO}).} A bijection between partition structures and probability measures on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ was established in \cite{Ki3}. The Poisson-Dirichlet measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ corresponds to the two-parameter Ewens-Pitman's partition struc\-ture $\{M_n\}$. In the case $\alpha=0$ this partition structure was introduced in \cite{Ew}, the two-parameter generalization is due to Pitman \cite{Pi1}. A special case $\alpha=0$, $\theta=1$ of $\{M_n\}$ was considered in \cite{VS} in connection with limit behaviour of certain functionals on the symmetric group $\mathfrak{S}_n$ as $n\to\infty$. Also in \cite{VS} the measure $\pd{0}{1}$ was studied. Two-parameter Ewens-Pitman's partition structures were studied in \cite{Pi2,Pi-Rand,Pi3,GP,PY,DGP} and many other works. See also \cite{Pi3} for more bibliography. It should be noted that the first example of a Markov process in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ having the two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet measure as a unique invariant symmetrizing probability measure was constructed in \cite{Be}. Diffusions in the infinite-dimensional unordered simplex preserving the GEM-distribution (Griffths-Engen-McCloskey, see \cite{Pi3}) are considered in a recent paper \cite{FW}. The GEM-distribution maps into the Poisson-Dirichlet measure if we reorder the coordinates in a descending order. The case $\alpha=0$ is relatively well understood and has applications to population genetics. The measure $\pd{0}{\theta}$ appeared in \cite{Ki1}. The process $\x{0}{\theta}(t)$ was const\-ructed in \cite{EK1} as a limit for diffusion processes in finite-dimensional simplexes as their dimension grows. In \S\ref{s5.4} we show that these finite-dimensional diffusions arise as a particular case of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ when $\alpha=-\beta<0$ and $\theta=N\beta$, $N=2,3,\dots$. Note also that when $\alpha=0$ the operator $A$ is equal to the operator \cite[(2.10)]{EK1} multiplied by two. In \cite{EK1} it was also proved that $\x{0}{\theta}(t)$ is a limit process for a certain Moran-type population model (about this model see also \cite{Wa1} and \cite[Model II]{KMG}). This Moran-type model is a sequence of finite Markov chains on partitions. They differ from the ones considered in the present paper but have the same limit. The process $\x{0}{\theta}(t)$ (when $\alpha=0$) is called the {\em{}infinitely many neutral alleles diffusion model\/}. It was also studied in \cite{Et,Schm	0.320935	-0.036997	0.534254	1.934504	[ 0.3455887095681733, 0.29628039412421786 ]	[ -0.609102531494191, 0.5351091319627191 ]	[ 0.5367899104748226, 0.531717428424054 ]	[ 1.8980849153756654, 1.9709232828867462 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 3331, 3416, 2119, 29873, 1262, 13, 12, 275, 604, 17083, 293, 411, 3390, 304, 278, 5645, 29871, 13, 12, 4535, 15926, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 1042, 25558, 1836, 13, 13, 29905, 9278, 11014, 13, 29943, 861, 11472, 395, 29900, 29905, 280, 29905, 2312, 29966, 29896, 29938, 322, 779, 3416, 29958, 2612, 2312, 1504, 29871, 13, 4806, 3386, 278, 1889, 297, 278, 2560, 29916, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 13, 294, 263, 4046, 363, 263, 5665, 310, 8093, 4485, 586, 521, 2708, 29871, 13, 2541, 15678, 1353, 310, 5922, 29889, 13, 1576, 2106, 2913, 363, 395, 29876, 29938, 386, 9704, 13, 275, 278, 731, 310, 599, 23629, 310, 395, 29876, 1504, 13, 29315, 866, 445, 731, 491, 779, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 1504, 13, 9760, 779, 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5650, 541, 505, 278, 1021, 4046, 29889, 13, 13, 1576, 1889, 779, 29916, 29912, 29900, 3331, 3416, 2119, 29873, 1262, 313, 8256, 779, 2312, 29922, 29900, 10931, 13, 275, 2000, 278, 2802, 331, 8875, 7192, 18639, 13, 13011, 21104, 4788, 793, 23253, 1904, 25558, 1836, 13, 3112, 471, 884, 12399, 297, 29871, 13, 29905, 2036, 29912, 29923, 29873, 29892, 4504, 29885 ]	99	1,024	ArXiv	-1	-1
} and other works. The results of the present paper extend some of the results of \cite{EK1} and \cite{Et} to the case $\alpha\ne0$. However, it seems that in the general case there is no connection between the model $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ and population genetics. Namely, both finite Markov chains and the process in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ have no known interpretation in terms of population genetics. In the present paper the construction of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ involves only partition structures and up/down Markov chains. The up/down chains first appeared in \cite{Fu1}. They were also studied in the papers \cite{BO,Fu2}. The setting of the problem studied in the present paper and the general approach to it were inspired by \cite{BO}. However, the concrete computations here are performed in a different way. Monomial symmetric functions in the present paper play the same role as Schur functions in \cite{BO}. The former are simpler than the latter, and the final result is achieved by simpler means. In addition to the results similar to \cite{BO} one can compute the operator $A$ in natural coordinates (\ref{f0.2}) and describe the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ when $\alpha=-\beta<0$ and $\theta=N\beta$. Let us describe the organization of the paper. In \S\ref{s1.1} we recall some notation concerning partitions. In \S\ref{s1.2} the definitions of partition structures and up/down Markov chains related to them are recalled. In \S\ref{s1.3} we give the definition of Ewens-Pitman's partition structures. We also recall some of their properties. In \S\ref{s2} we deal with some properties of symmetric functions in the coordinates $\left( x_1,x_2,\dots \right)$ of a point $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. These symmetric functions form the algebra $\mathcal{F}$ defined above. In these terms we formulate the Kingman theorem about the one-to-one correspondence between partition structures and probability measures on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. In \S\ref{s3} we obtain an explicit expression for the action of operators $T_n$ (each $T_n$ is a transition operator of the $n$th up/down Markov chain) on symmetric functions in the coordinates $\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\dots$ of a partition $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n$. In \S\ref{s4.1} we perform a limit transition from the up/down Markov chains to the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. First, we use the connection of symmetric functions in the coordinates of a partition with symmetric functions on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ to explicitly compute the limit of the operators $n^2(T_n-{\bf1})$. This limit is an operator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$ described above. After that we use some general results from the book \cite{EK2} to establish the convergence of discrete semigroups $\left\{ {\bf1},T_n,T_n^2,\dots \right\}$ to the continuous semigroup $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$. This semigroup is generated by the closure $\overline A$ of the operator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$. In \S\ref{s4.2} we formulate the remaining results of the Main Theorem except the result about the continuity of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$'s sample paths. In \S\ref{s5.1} we derive (\ref{f0.2}). We also give explanations why the RHS of this formula should not be understood literally. In \S\ref{s5.2} we derive the formula (\ref{f0.1	0.473653	-0.226356	0.942588	2.090586	[ 0.1113742112093852, 0.8359325131497294 ]	[ -0.30872458697948574, -0.14398675749899162 ]	[ 0.6382395514901934, 1.2469373975824178 ]	[ 1.6899752939154347, 2.491197336537323 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29913, 322, 916, 1736, 29889, 13, 1576, 2582, 310, 278, 2198, 5650, 13, 21843, 777, 310, 278, 2582, 13, 974, 320, 2036, 29912, 29923, 29968, 29896, 29913, 322, 320, 2036, 29912, 29923, 29873, 29913, 13, 517, 278, 1206, 779, 2312, 29905, 484, 29900, 1504, 13, 17245, 29892, 372, 2444, 393, 297, 278, 2498, 13, 4878, 727, 338, 694, 3957, 1546, 278, 1904, 779, 29916, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 2119, 29873, 1262, 322, 4665, 13, 1885, 300, 1199, 29889, 13041, 873, 29892, 1716, 8093, 4485, 586, 521, 2708, 322, 278, 1889, 297, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 13, 17532, 694, 2998, 19854, 297, 4958, 310, 4665, 2531, 300, 1199, 29889, 13, 13, 797, 278, 2198, 5650, 278, 7632, 310, 29871, 13, 1552, 1889, 779, 29916, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 2119, 29873, 1262, 297, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 20789, 13, 6194, 8877, 12286, 322, 701, 29914, 3204, 4485, 586, 521, 2708, 29889, 29871, 13, 1576, 701, 29914, 3204, 521, 2708, 937, 7470, 297, 320, 2036, 29912, 29943, 29884, 29896, 1836, 13, 15597, 892, 884, 12399, 297, 278, 15055, 320, 2036, 29912, 8456, 29892, 29943, 29884, 29906, 1836, 13, 1576, 4444, 310, 278, 1108, 12399, 297, 278, 2198, 5650, 29871, 13, 392, 278, 2498, 2948, 304, 372, 892, 13, 262, 1028, 2859, 491, 320, 2036, 29912, 8456, 1836, 29871, 13, 17245, 29892, 278, 18387, 2912, 800, 1244, 13, 598, 8560, 297, 263, 1422, 982, 29889, 2598, 7615, 18348, 3168, 297, 13, 1552, 2198, 5650, 1708, 278, 1021, 6297, 408, 1102, 332, 3168, 297, 320, 2036, 29912, 8456, 1836, 29871, 13, 1576, 4642, 526, 13682, 1135, 278, 7480, 29892, 322, 278, 2186, 1121, 13, 275, 14363, 491, 13682, 2794, 29889, 13, 797, 6124, 304, 278, 2582, 2788, 304, 320, 2036, 29912, 8456, 29913, 13, 650, 508, 13, 26017, 278, 5455, 395, 29909, 29938, 297, 5613, 10350, 3441, 999, 29912, 29888, 29900, 29889, 29906, 1800, 322, 8453, 278, 13, 5014, 779, 29916, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 2119, 29873, 1262, 746, 779, 2312, 29922, 2612, 3571, 29966, 29900, 29938, 322, 779, 3416, 29922, 29940, 29905, 3571, 1504, 29871, 13, 12024, 502, 8453, 278, 13013, 310, 278, 5650, 29889, 13, 13, 797, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29896, 29889, 29896, 29913, 29871, 13, 705, 17386, 777, 12640, 19813, 23629, 29889, 13, 797, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29896, 29889, 29906, 29913, 278, 15848, 13, 974, 8877, 12286, 322, 701, 29914, 3204, 4485, 586, 521, 2708, 4475, 304, 963, 526, 337, 13998, 29889, 13, 797, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29896, 29889, 29941, 29913, 591, 2367, 278, 5023, 29871, 13, 974, 382, 29893, 575, 29899, 29925, 277, 1171, 29915, 29879, 8877, 12286, 29889, 29871, 13, 4806, 884, 17386, 777, 310, 1009, 4426, 29889, 13, 13, 797, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29906, 29913, 29871, 13, 705, 5376, 411, 777, 4426, 310, 29871, 13, 11967, 16414, 3168, 13, 262, 278, 10350, 779, 1563, 29898, 921, 29918, 29896, 29892, 29916, 29918, 29906, 2053, 7778, 320, 1266, 1262, 13, 974, 263, 1298, 395, 29916, 29905, 262, 29905, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1504, 13, 1349, 968, 18348, 3168, 883, 278, 9623, 779, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1042, 3342, 2038, 29889, 13, 797, 1438, 4958, 591, 883, 5987, 278, 4088, 1171, 13, 14648, 1048, 278, 697, 29899, 517, 29899, 650, 13, 2616, 3636, 663, 1546, 8877, 12286, 322, 29871, 13, 22795, 3097, 15366, 373, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1504, 13, 13, 797, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29941, 29913, 29871, 13, 705, 4017, 385, 6261, 29871, 13, 17471, 363, 278, 3158, 13, 974, 12768, 395, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29938, 13, 29898, 4204, 395, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29938, 338, 263, 9558, 5455, 310, 278, 29871, 13, 29938, 29876, 29938, 386, 701, 29914, 3204, 4485, 586, 9704, 29897, 13, 265, 18348, 3168, 297, 278, 10350, 13, 4535, 2892, 29918, 29896, 2053, 2892, 29918, 29906, 2053, 7778, 29938, 310, 263, 8877, 779, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 1504, 13, 13, 797, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29946, 29889, 29896, 29913, 29871, 13, 705, 2189, 263, 4046, 9558, 515, 278, 701, 29914, 3204, 4485, 586, 521, 2708, 13, 517, 278, 1889, 779, 29916, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 2119, 29873, 1262, 373, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1504, 13, 6730, 29892, 591, 671, 278, 3957, 310, 18348, 3168, 297, 278, 29871, 13, 1111, 24266, 310, 263, 8877, 411, 18348, 3168, 373, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 13, 517, 9479, 10272, 278, 4046, 310, 278, 12768, 395, 29876, 29985, 29906, 29898, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29899, 741, 1635, 29896, 23462, 13, 4013, 4046, 338, 385, 5455, 395, 29909, 29905, 17308, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1012, 517, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1042, 5439, 2038, 29889, 13, 13555, 393, 591, 671, 777, 2498, 2582, 515, 278, 3143, 320, 2036, 29912, 29923, 29968, 29906, 29913, 13, 517, 10127, 278, 17221, 310, 19554, 3031, 4481, 4410, 29871, 13, 4535, 1563, 10045, 2802, 1635, 29896, 1118, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29892, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29985, 29906, 2053, 7778, 320, 1266, 11854, 13, 517, 278, 9126, 3031, 4481, 1132, 12564, 29911, 29898, 29873, 2144, 3227, 29873, 29905, 479, 29900, 1042, 13, 974, 29871, 13, 1552, 1889, 13, 4535, 29916, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 2119, 29873, 4935, 13, 4013, 3031, 4481, 1132, 338, 5759, 491, 278, 18424, 29871, 13, 4535, 6875, 319, 29938, 13, 974, 278, 5455, 395, 29909, 29905, 17308, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1012, 517, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 4311, 13, 797, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29946, 29889, 29906, 29913, 591, 883, 5987, 278, 9886, 2582, 13, 974, 278, 4241, 10244, 5174, 278, 1121, 1048, 278, 3133, 537, 13, 974, 278, 1889, 779, 29916, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 2119, 29873, 1262, 29915, 29879, 4559, 10898, 29889, 13, 13, 797, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29945, 29889, 29896, 29913, 29871, 13, 705, 21340, 3441, 999, 29912, 29888, 29900, 29889, 29906, 7690, 13, 4806, 884, 2367, 7309, 800, 2020, 278, 390, 14851, 310, 445, 7063, 881, 451, 367, 29871, 13, 5062, 9337, 22830, 29889, 13, 797, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29945, 29889, 29906, 29913, 29871, 13, 705, 21340, 278, 7063, 3441, 999, 29912, 29888, 29900, 29889, 29896 ]	99	2,048	ArXiv	-1	-1
}) for the operator $A$. Using this formula it is possible to prove the continuity of the sample paths of the process in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. In \S\ref{s5.4} we deal with the case of degenerate values of the parameters, namely, $\alpha=-\beta$, $\theta=N\beta$. In this case as a limit of up/down Markov chains instead of the diffusion in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ we obtain a diffusion in the $(N-1)$-dimensional simplex. This diffusion coincides with the one studied in \cite{EK1}. The author is very grateful to Grigori Olshanski for the setting of the problem, permanent attention and fruitful discussions. \section{Ewens-Pitman's partition structures}\label{s1} \subsection{Notation}\label{s1.1} In this subsection we give some combinatorial notation which is used throughout the paper. A partition is a sequence of the form \begin{equation} \lambda=(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\dots,\lambda_\ell,0,0,\dots),\qquad \lambda_1\ge\lambda_2\ge\dots\ge\lambda_\ell>0, \end{equation} where $\lambda_i\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}$ and only a finite number of elements differs from zero. Partitions are identified with Young diagrams as in \cite{Ma}. We denote them by same letters. The number of boxes in $\lambda$ is denoted by $\|\lambda\|=\lambda_1+\dots+\lambda_\ell$. The number of rows in $\lambda$ is called the {\em{}length of a diagram\/} and is denoted by $\ell(\lambda)$. Also let $\varnothing$ denote the empty Young diagram. If a diagram $\lambda$ is obtained from a diagram $\mu$ by adding one box, then we write $\mu\nearrow\lambda$ or, equivalently, $\lambda\searrow\mu$. Denote this box (that distinguishes $\lambda$ and $\mu$) by $\lambda/\mu$. Let $\square$ be an arbitrary box. By $\mathrm{r}(\square)$ denote its column number counting from left to right. This number does not depend on a partition containing the box. Fix an arbitrary nonempty diagram $\lambda$. The following important properties hold. First, for each $i=1,\dots,\ell(\lambda)$ there exists a unique box with $\mathrm{r}(\square)=\lambda_i$ (denoted by $\square(\lambda_i)$) such that it can be removed from $\lambda$ and the result is again a Young diagram. The resulting diagram is denoted by $\lambda-\square(\lambda_i)$. Every diagram $\mu$ such that $\mu\nearrow\lambda$ has this form. Second, for each $i=1,\dots,\ell(\lambda)$ there exists a unique box with $\mathrm{r}(\square)=\lambda_i+1$ (denoted by $\square(\lambda_i+1)$) such that it can be added to $\lambda$ and the result is again a Young diagram. Denote the resulting diagram by $\lambda+\square(\lambda_i+1)$. Every diagram $\nu$ such that $\nu\searrow\lambda$ has either the form $\lambda+\square(\lambda_i+1)$ for some $i=1,\dots,\ell(\lambda)$ or the form $\lambda+\square(1)$, where $\lambda+\square(1)$ is the diagram obtained from $\lambda$ by adding a one-box row. For a natural $k$ by $\kr{\lambda}{k}$ denote the number of rows in $\lambda$ of length $k$. It is a nonnegative integer. For two diagrams $\mu,\lambda$ such that $\|\lambda\|=\|\mu\|+1$ we set \begin{equation} \kra{\lambda}{\mu}:=\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \kr{\lambda}{\mathrm{r}(\lambda/\mu)},&\mbox{if $\mu\nearrow\lambda$};\\ 0,&\mbox{otherwise}. \end{array} \right. \end{equation} All Young diagrams are organized in a graded set $\mathbb{K}:=\	0.290802	-0.124738	0.952733	1.820044	[ -0.029702357977487118, 0.6113057427939328 ]	[ -0.49450230229036907, 0.24502730179054474 ]	[ 0.4860650899671372, 1.4194017873085483 ]	[ 1.52348759674725, 2.1166000179089077 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 1800, 363, 278, 5455, 395, 29909, 1504, 13, 15156, 445, 7063, 372, 338, 1950, 13, 517, 6356, 278, 3133, 537, 310, 278, 4559, 10898, 310, 278, 1889, 297, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1504, 13, 797, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29945, 29889, 29946, 29913, 29871, 13, 705, 5376, 411, 278, 1206, 310, 29871, 13, 311, 17158, 1819, 310, 278, 4128, 29892, 18451, 29892, 13, 4535, 2312, 29922, 2612, 3571, 1628, 779, 3416, 29922, 29940, 29905, 3571, 1504, 13, 797, 445, 1206, 408, 263, 4046, 310, 701, 29914, 3204, 4485, 586, 521, 2708, 13, 2611, 1479, 310, 278, 23253, 297, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 13, 705, 4017, 263, 23253, 297, 278, 2427, 29940, 29899, 29896, 26725, 12531, 13, 3601, 10709, 29889, 910, 23253, 22819, 2247, 411, 278, 697, 13, 18082, 1000, 297, 320, 2036, 29912, 29923, 29968, 29896, 1836, 13, 13, 1576, 4148, 338, 1407, 28656, 304, 1632, 335, 4170, 7137, 845, 550, 1984, 363, 278, 4444, 310, 13, 1552, 1108, 29892, 17667, 8570, 322, 15774, 1319, 5353, 1080, 29889, 13, 29905, 2042, 29912, 29923, 29893, 575, 29899, 29925, 277, 1171, 29915, 29879, 8877, 12286, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29879, 29896, 29913, 13, 29905, 7235, 29912, 3664, 362, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29879, 29896, 29889, 29896, 29913, 13, 797, 445, 1014, 2042, 591, 29871, 13, 29887, 573, 777, 5769, 24737, 12640, 13, 4716, 338, 1304, 10106, 278, 5650, 29889, 13, 13, 29909, 8877, 338, 263, 5665, 310, 278, 883, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29905, 2892, 29922, 1194, 2892, 29918, 29896, 2053, 2892, 29918, 29906, 2053, 7778, 2053, 2892, 3187, 514, 29892, 29900, 29892, 29900, 2053, 7778, 20481, 12014, 320, 2892, 29918, 29896, 29905, 479, 29905, 2892, 29918, 29906, 29905, 479, 29905, 7778, 29905, 479, 29905, 2892, 3187, 514, 29958, 29900, 29892, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 3062, 779, 2892, 29918, 29875, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29999, 3227, 29958, 29900, 1042, 29871, 13, 392, 871, 263, 8093, 1353, 310, 3161, 2923, 414, 515, 5225, 29889, 13, 7439, 2187, 526, 15659, 411, 10443, 7936, 25402, 408, 297, 320, 2036, 29912, 21870, 1836, 13, 4806, 13530, 963, 491, 1021, 8721, 29889, 13, 1576, 1353, 310, 16273, 297, 779, 2892, 29938, 338, 27291, 491, 29871, 13, 29938, 4295, 2892, 29989, 2013, 2892, 29918, 29896, 3124, 7778, 3124, 2892, 3187, 514, 1504, 13, 1576, 1353, 310, 4206, 297, 779, 2892, 29938, 338, 2000, 278, 29871, 13, 741, 331, 8875, 2848, 310, 263, 13722, 25558, 29913, 13, 392, 338, 27291, 491, 779, 514, 1194, 2892, 4935, 13, 17351, 1235, 779, 1707, 28450, 29938, 13530, 278, 4069, 10443, 13722, 29889, 13, 13, 3644, 263, 13722, 779, 2892, 29938, 29871, 13, 275, 7625, 515, 263, 13722, 29871, 13, 4535, 2589, 29938, 13, 1609, 4417, 697, 3800, 29892, 769, 13, 705, 2436, 13, 4535, 2589, 29905, 484, 2936, 29905, 2892, 29938, 470, 29892, 5737, 2705, 29892, 779, 2892, 29905, 344, 2936, 29905, 2589, 1504, 13, 29315, 866, 445, 3800, 29871, 13, 29898, 5747, 10121, 17006, 779, 2892, 29938, 322, 779, 2589, 10931, 13, 1609, 779, 2892, 7998, 2589, 1504, 13, 13, 12024, 779, 17619, 29938, 367, 385, 11472, 3800, 29889, 13, 2059, 779, 3141, 29912, 29878, 4678, 17619, 1262, 13530, 967, 1897, 1353, 13, 2798, 292, 515, 2175, 304, 1492, 29889, 13, 4013, 1353, 947, 451, 8839, 373, 263, 8877, 13, 1285, 17225, 278, 3800, 29889, 13, 13, 29943, 861, 385, 11472, 1661, 6310, 13722, 779, 2892, 1504, 13, 1576, 1494, 4100, 4426, 4808, 29889, 13, 6730, 29892, 363, 1269, 395, 29875, 29922, 29896, 2053, 7778, 2053, 514, 1194, 2892, 1262, 13, 12711, 4864, 263, 5412, 3800, 411, 779, 3141, 29912, 29878, 4678, 17619, 7950, 2892, 29918, 29875, 29938, 13, 29898, 1145, 5715, 491, 779, 17619, 1194, 2892, 29918, 29875, 1262, 29897, 13, 14565, 393, 372, 508, 367, 6206, 515, 779, 2892, 29938, 13, 392, 278, 1121, 338, 1449, 263, 10443, 13722, 29889, 13, 1576, 9819, 13722, 338, 27291, 491, 779, 2892, 2612, 17619, 1194, 2892, 29918, 29875, 4935, 13, 26526, 13722, 779, 2589, 29938, 1316, 393, 779, 2589, 29905, 484, 2936, 29905, 2892, 29938, 13, 5349, 445, 883, 29889, 13, 11863, 29892, 363, 1269, 395, 29875, 29922, 29896, 2053, 7778, 2053, 514, 1194, 2892, 1262, 13, 12711, 4864, 263, 5412, 3800, 411, 779, 3141, 29912, 29878, 4678, 17619, 7950, 2892, 29918, 29875, 29974, 29896, 29938, 13, 29898, 1145, 5715, 491, 779, 17619, 1194, 2892, 29918, 29875, 29974, 29896, 1262, 29897, 13, 14565, 393, 372, 508, 367, 2715, 304, 779, 2892, 29938, 13, 392, 278, 1121, 338, 1449, 263, 10443, 13722, 29889, 13, 29315, 866, 278, 9819, 13722, 491, 779, 2892, 3124, 17619, 1194, 2892, 29918, 29875, 29974, 29896, 4935, 13, 26526, 13722, 779, 3433, 29938, 1316, 393, 779, 3433, 29905, 344, 2936, 29905, 2892, 29938, 13, 5349, 2845, 278, 883, 779, 2892, 3124, 17619, 1194, 2892, 29918, 29875, 29974, 29896, 1262, 29871, 13, 1454, 777, 395, 29875, 29922, 29896, 2053, 7778, 2053, 514, 1194, 2892, 1262, 470, 13, 1552, 883, 779, 2892, 3124, 17619, 29898, 29896, 5767, 988, 779, 2892, 3124, 17619, 29898, 29896, 1262, 13, 275, 278, 13722, 7625, 515, 779, 2892, 29938, 491, 4417, 263, 697, 29899, 1884, 1948, 29889, 13, 13, 2831, 263, 5613, 395, 29895, 29938, 491, 779, 12748, 741, 2892, 1157, 29895, 1042, 13530, 13, 1552, 1353, 310, 4206, 297, 779, 2892, 29938, 310, 3309, 395, 29895, 1504, 29871, 13, 3112, 338, 263, 1661, 22198, 6043, 29889, 13, 2831, 1023, 7936, 25402, 779, 2589, 2053, 2892, 29938, 1316, 393, 25984, 2892, 29989, 29922, 4295, 2589, 29989, 29974, 29896, 29938, 591, 731, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29905, 29895, 336, 741, 2892, 3331, 2589, 6177, 2013, 1563, 10045, 13, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2378, 1157, 645, 29913, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 12748, 741, 2892, 3331, 3141, 29912, 29878, 4678, 2892, 7998, 2589, 19230, 11035, 8264, 29912, 361, 779, 2589, 29905, 484, 2936, 29905, 2892, 24594, 1966, 13, 12, 12, 29900, 29892, 11035, 8264, 29912, 1228, 3538, 1836, 13, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2378, 29913, 13, 12, 29905, 1266, 29889, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 13, 3596, 10443, 7936, 25402, 526, 19098, 297, 263, 4656, 287, 731, 13, 4535, 1995, 29912, 29968, 6177, 2013 ]	99	3,072	ArXiv	-1	-1
bigsqcup_{n=0}^{\infty}\mathbb{K}_n$, where $\mathbb{K}_n=\left\{ \lambda\colon\|\lambda\|=n \right\}$, $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}$, $\mathbb{K}_0=\left\{ \varnothing \right\}$. We introduce the structure of a graded graph on this set. This graph has edges only between consecutive ``floors'' $\mathbb{K}_n$ and $\mathbb{K}_{n+1}$. If $\mu\in\mathbb{K}_n$ and $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_{n+1}$ for some $n\ge0$, then we draw $\kra{\lambda}{\mu}$ edges between $\mu$ and $\lambda$. Let edges be oriented in the direction from $\mathbb{K}_n$ to $\mathbb{K}_{n+1}$. This graph differs from the Young graph. Namely, the latter has the same edges without multiplicities. By $g(\mu,\lambda)$ denote the total number of oriented paths from $\mu$ to $\lambda$ in the graph $\mathbb{K}$. Clearly, $g(\mu,\lambda)$ vanishes unless $\mu\subset\lambda$ as diagrams (the sets of boxes in the plane). Set $g(\lambda):=g(\varnothing,\lambda)$, it appears that $g(\lambda)=\|\lambda\|!/(\lambda_1!\dots\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}!)$. We will also need Pochhammer symbols \begin{equation} (a)_k:=a(a+1)\dots(a+k-1),\quad k=1,2,\dots,\qquad (a)_0:=1 \end{equation} and factorial powers \begin{equation} a^{\downarrow k}:=a(a-1)\dots(a-k+1),\quad k=1,2,\dots,\qquad a^{\da0}:=1. \end{equation} \subsection{The up/down Markov chains}\label{s1.2} The graph structure on $\mathbb{K}$ is important, but in this paper it is needed only to use the recurrent relations (\ref{f1}) for $g(\mu,\lambda)$ below. One of the most important objects under consideration are the {\em{}up/down Markov chains\/}. They were studied in \cite{BO,Fu1,Fu2}.\footnote{The papers \cite{Fu1,Fu2} introduced and studied the down/up chains, but their difference from the up/down chains is minor.} We use the formalism of \cite[\S1]{BO} to define them. The {\em{}down transition function\/} for $\mu,\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$ such that $\|\lambda\|=\|\mu\|+1$ is defined as \begin{equation} p^\downarrow(\lambda,\mu):=\frac{g(\mu)}{g(\lambda)}\kra{\lambda}{\mu}. \end{equation} It can be easily checked that \begin{itemize} \item $p^\downarrow(\lambda,\mu)\ge0$ for all $\mu,\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$ such that $\|\lambda\|=\|\mu\|+1$; \item $p^\downarrow(\lambda,\mu)$ vanishes unless $\mu\nearrow\lambda$; \item If $\|\lambda\|=n\ge1$, then $\sum_{\mu\colon\|\mu\|=n-1}p^\downarrow(\lambda,\mu)=1$. \end{itemize} The object $(\mathbb{K},p^\downarrow)$ gives rise to {\em{}partition structures\/} $\{M_n\}_{n\ge0}$, where $M_n$ is a probability measure on $\mathbb{K}_n$ for every $n\ge0$ and \begin{equation}\label{f2} M_n(\mu)=\sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\searrow\mu}M_{n+1}(\lambda)p^\downarrow(\lambda,\mu)\quad\mbox{for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$ and $\mu\in\mathbb{K}_n$.} \end{equation} Here by $M_n(\mu)$ we denote the measure of a singleton $\{ \mu \	0.158628	-0.220984	0.775197	2.038559	[ 0.14424642150535547, 0.17300960551432942 ]	[ -0.15383521469619507, -0.28813235829442396 ]	[ 0.7599791207086383, 0.7904140130132495 ]	[ 2.158221942200954, 1.9188958775216884 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 3752, 3044, 5231, 648, 29876, 29922, 29900, 6292, 3411, 1012, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 1628, 13, 3062, 13, 4535, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 2013, 1563, 10045, 320, 2892, 29905, 17308, 4295, 2892, 29989, 29922, 29876, 320, 1266, 28538, 395, 29876, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29999, 3227, 29958, 29900, 4429, 779, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29900, 2013, 1563, 10045, 320, 1707, 28450, 320, 1266, 23699, 13, 4806, 14944, 278, 3829, 310, 263, 4656, 287, 13, 4262, 373, 445, 731, 29889, 910, 3983, 756, 12770, 871, 1546, 13, 535, 3471, 11067, 4954, 29888, 417, 943, 4907, 779, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 29938, 322, 779, 1995, 29912, 29968, 3227, 29876, 29974, 29896, 4311, 13, 3644, 29871, 13, 4535, 2589, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 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}$. Fix a partition structure $\left\{ M_n \right\}$. The {\em{}up transition function\/} for $\lambda,\nu\in\mathbb{K}$ such that $\|\nu\|=\|\lambda\|+1$ and $M_n(\lambda)\ne0$ is defined as \begin{equation} p^\uparrow(\lambda,\nu):=\frac{M_{n+1}(\nu)}{M_n(\lambda)}p^\downarrow(\nu,\lambda). \end{equation} This function depends on the choice of a partition structure. Moreover, $\left\{ M_n \right\}$ and $p^\uparrow$ are consistent in a sense similar to (\ref{f2}): \begin{equation} M_{n+1}(\nu)=\sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\nearrow\nu,\; \lambda\in\mathop{\mathrm{supp}}(M_n)}M_n(\lambda)p^\uparrow(\lambda,\nu) \quad\mbox{for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$ and $\nu\in\mathbb{K}_{n+1}$.} \end{equation} Let $\left\{ M_n \right\}$ be a partition structure and $M_n(\lambda)>0$ for all $n\ge0$ and $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n$. Let us define a Markov chain $T_n$ on each $\mathbb{K}_n$, $n\ge1$ with the following transition matrix: \begin{equation} T_n(\lambda,\widetilde \lambda):=\sum_{\nu\colon\|\nu\|=n+1}p^\uparrow(\lambda,\nu)p^\downarrow(\nu,\widetilde\lambda),\qquad \lambda,\widetilde\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n. \end{equation} This is the composition of the up and down transition functions, from $\mathbb{K}_n$ to $\mathbb{K}_{n+1}$ and then back to $\mathbb{K}_n$. From the definitions above it follows that $M_n$ is a stationary distribution for $T_n$. It can be readily shown that the matrix $M_n(\lambda)T_n(\lambda,\widetilde\lambda)$ is symmetric with respect to the substitution $\lambda\leftrightarrow\widetilde\lambda$. This means that the chain $T_n$ is reversible with respect to $M_n$. \subsection{Ewens-Pitman's partition structures}\label{s1.3} In the present paper we deal with a special two-parameter family of {\em{}Ewens-Pitman's partition structures\/}. It is defi\-ned as follows. Let $\alpha$ and $\theta$ be arbitrary parameters. We set \begin{equation} M_n(\lambda):=\frac{n!}{(\theta)_n}\cdot\frac{\theta(\theta+\alpha)\dots(\theta+(\ell(\lambda)-1)\alpha)} {\prod_{k=1}^{\infty}\kr{\lambda}{k}!\cdot\prod_{i=1}^{\ell(\lambda)}\lambda_i!} \prod_{\textstyle\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{\square\in\lambda}{\mathrm{r}(\square)\ge2}}(\mathrm{r}(\square)-1-\alpha). \end{equation} for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$ and $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n$. It can be proved that for all $\alpha$ and $\theta$ such that $M_n$ is well-defined $M_n$ satisfies (\ref{f2}) and that for such parameters we have \begin{equation} \sum_{\lambda\colon\|\lambda\|=n}M_n(\lambda)=1\quad\mbox{for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$.} \end{equation} It also can be checked that $M_n(\lambda)$ is nonnegative for all $n\ge0$ and $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n$ if and only if \begin{itemize} \item ({\em{}principal series\/}) $0\le\alpha<1$ and $\theta>-\alpha$; \item ({\em{}degenerate series\/}) $\alpha=-\beta<0$ and $\	-0.096816	-0.99946	0.432804	1.7368	[ 0.04289043975944719, -0.23652334775629993 ]	[ -0.9582751048495861, -1.0406440195898332 ]	[ 0.43026778740868327, 0.4353402694594518 ]	[ 1.8044355857185614, 1.6691643317694116 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 4311, 13, 13, 29943, 861, 263, 8877, 3829, 29871, 13, 4535, 1563, 10045, 341, 29918, 29876, 320, 1266, 23699, 450, 2802, 331, 8875, 786, 9558, 740, 25558, 29913, 13, 1454, 779, 2892, 2053, 3433, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 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591, 505, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29905, 2083, 1665, 2892, 29905, 17308, 4295, 2892, 29989, 29922, 29876, 29913, 29924, 29918, 29876, 1194, 2892, 3892, 29896, 29905, 3425, 29905, 8264, 29912, 1454, 599, 395, 29876, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29999, 6353, 479, 29900, 4311, 29913, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 3112, 884, 508, 367, 7120, 393, 395, 29924, 29918, 29876, 1194, 2892, 1262, 29871, 13, 275, 1661, 22198, 363, 599, 395, 29876, 29905, 479, 29900, 29938, 322, 779, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 29938, 13, 361, 322, 871, 565, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 1322, 29913, 13, 12, 29905, 667, 313, 741, 331, 8875, 558, 26706, 3652, 25558, 1800, 395, 29900, 29905, 280, 29905, 2312, 29966, 29896, 29938, 322, 779, 3416, 29958, 2612, 2312, 22073, 29871, 13, 12, 29905, 667, 313, 741, 331, 8875, 311, 17158, 3652, 25558, 1800, 779, 2312, 29922, 2612, 3571, 29966, 29900, 29938, 322, 779 ]	99	5,120	ArXiv	-1	-1
theta=N\beta$ for some $N=2,3,\dots$. \end{itemize} In the principal series the support of each $M_n$ is the whole $\mathbb{K}_n$. In degenerate series $M_n(\lambda)>0$ only for $\lambda$ of length $\le N$. It follows that when the parameters are of either principal or degenerate series, the system $\{M_n\}_{n\ge 0}$ is a partition structure. It is called the Ewens-Pitman's partition structure. It can be easily shown that the up transition function for this partition structure equals \begin{equation} p^\uparrow(\lambda,\nu)=\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \displaystyle \frac{\lambda_i-\alpha}{n+\theta}\kr{\lambda}{\lambda_i},& \mbox{if $\nu=\lambda+\square(\lambda_i+1)$ for $1\le i\le\ell(\lambda)$;} \\\rule{0pt}{18pt} \displaystyle \frac{\theta+\ell(\lambda)\alpha}{n+\theta},&\mbox{if $\nu=\lambda+\square(1)$;}\\ 0,&\mbox{otherwise}, \end{array} \right. \end{equation} where $\|\lambda\|=n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$. Everywhere below except \S\ref{s5.4} we assume that the parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ are of principal series. It was explained in \S\ref{s1.2} that in this case due to the positivity of $M_n$ on the whole $\mathbb{K}_n$ we can consider the up/down Markov chains on $\mathbb{K}_n$, $n\ge1$. \section{Symmetric functions and the Kingman simplex}\label{s2} \subsection{Symmetric functions}\label{s2.1} Let $\Lambda$ be the (real) algebra of symmetric functions in the formal variables $y_1,y_2,\dots$. We will need the following functions: {\em{}Newton power sums\/} $p_k=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}y_i^k,$ $k=1,2,\dots$. These elements are algebraically independent and generate $\Lambda$ as a commutative unital algebra: $\Lambda=\mathbb{R}\left[ p_1,p_2,p_3,\dots \right]$. {\em{}Monomial functions} $m_\lambda$, $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$ are defined as $\sum y_{i_1}^{\lambda_1}\dots y_{i_\ell(\lambda)}^{\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}}$, where the sum is taken over all {\em{}distinct monomials\/}, the indexes $i_1,\dots,i_{\ell(\lambda)}$ are pairwise distinct and run from one to infinity. We also need multiples of $m_\lambda$ of the form $\mathbf{m}_\lambda:=\big(\prod_{k\ge1}\kr{\lambda}{k}!\big)m_\lambda$. They can be viewed as similar sums $\sum y_{i_1}^{\lambda_1}\dots y_{i_\ell(\lambda)}^{\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}}$, where the sum is taken over all {\em{}collections of pairwise distinct indexes\/} $i_1,\dots,i_{\ell(\lambda)}$ from one to infinity. It is sometimes simpler to deal with $\mathbf{m}_\lambda$ instead of $m_\lambda$. Each of the systems $\{m_\lambda\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{K}}$ and $\{\mathbf{m}_\lambda\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{K}}$ is a basis for $\Lambda$ as a vector space over $\mathbb{R}$. {\em{}Factorial functions\/} $m_\lambda^$ and $\mathbf{m}_\lambda^$, $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$ are obtained from $m_\lambda$ and $\mathbf{m}_\lambda^*$, respec\-tively, by substituting each power of a variable $y_i^k$ by the factorial power $y_i^{\downarrow k}$. Hence the homogeneous component of $	0.109748	-0.294847	0.77266	2.012545	[ -0.16170482744724266, 0.381200270722141 ]	[ -0.7022152177222964, 0.11252078677362556 ]	[ 0.22736850537794176, 1.3179521462931776 ]	[ 1.7211917371344692, 2.303898677223115 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 3416, 29922, 29940, 29905, 3571, 29938, 363, 777, 395, 29940, 29922, 29906, 29892, 29941, 2053, 7778, 1504, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 1322, 29913, 13, 797, 278, 5882, 3652, 278, 2304, 310, 1269, 395, 29924, 29918, 29876, 29938, 13, 275, 278, 3353, 779, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 1504, 512, 3587, 759, 403, 3652, 395, 29924, 29918, 29876, 1194, 2892, 15410, 29900, 29938, 13, 6194, 363, 779, 2892, 29938, 310, 3309, 779, 280, 405, 1504, 13, 3112, 4477, 393, 746, 278, 4128, 526, 310, 2845, 29871, 13, 558, 26706, 470, 3587, 759, 403, 3652, 29892, 278, 1788, 12564, 29924, 29918, 29876, 29905, 3227, 29876, 29905, 479, 29871, 29900, 1042, 13, 275, 263, 8877, 3829, 29889, 13, 3112, 338, 2000, 278, 382, 29893, 575, 29899, 29925, 277, 1171, 29915, 29879, 8877, 3829, 29889, 13, 3112, 508, 367, 5948, 4318, 393, 278, 701, 9558, 740, 13, 1454, 445, 8877, 3829, 15743, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29886, 3823, 786, 2936, 1194, 2892, 2053, 3433, 7950, 1563, 10045, 13, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2378, 1157, 645, 29913, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 15618, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 1154, 741, 2892, 29918, 29875, 2612, 2312, 1157, 29876, 3124, 3416, 1012, 12748, 741, 2892, 3331, 2892, 29918, 29875, 1118, 29987, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 8264, 29912, 361, 779, 3433, 2013, 2892, 3124, 17619, 1194, 2892, 29918, 29875, 29974, 29896, 1262, 363, 395, 29896, 29905, 280, 474, 29905, 280, 29905, 514, 1194, 2892, 1262, 13951, 13, 12, 12, 1966, 29905, 7491, 29912, 29900, 415, 1157, 29896, 29947, 415, 29913, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 15618, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 1154, 741, 3416, 3124, 514, 1194, 2892, 2144, 2312, 1157, 29876, 3124, 3416, 1118, 11035, 8264, 29912, 361, 779, 3433, 2013, 2892, 3124, 17619, 29898, 29896, 1262, 29936, 9952, 13, 12, 12, 29900, 29892, 11035, 8264, 29912, 1228, 3538, 1118, 13, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2378, 29913, 13, 12, 29905, 1266, 29889, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 3062, 25984, 2892, 29989, 29922, 29876, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29999, 6353, 479, 29900, 4311, 13, 13, 26526, 3062, 2400, 5174, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29945, 29889, 29946, 29913, 591, 5251, 393, 13, 1552, 4128, 779, 2312, 29938, 322, 779, 3416, 29938, 526, 310, 5882, 3652, 29889, 13, 3112, 471, 10824, 297, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29896, 29889, 29906, 29913, 393, 29871, 13, 262, 445, 1206, 2861, 304, 278, 13686, 2068, 29871, 13, 974, 395, 29924, 29918, 29876, 29938, 373, 278, 3353, 779, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 29938, 13, 705, 508, 2050, 278, 701, 29914, 3204, 4485, 586, 521, 2708, 13, 265, 779, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 1628, 395, 29876, 29905, 479, 29896, 1504, 13, 13, 29905, 2042, 29912, 25548, 16414, 3168, 322, 278, 4088, 1171, 2560, 29916, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29879, 29906, 29913, 13, 29905, 7235, 29912, 25548, 16414, 3168, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29879, 29906, 29889, 29896, 29913, 13, 12024, 779, 9099, 29938, 367, 278, 313, 6370, 29897, 29871, 13, 15742, 310, 18348, 3168, 13, 262, 278, 11595, 3651, 13, 29938, 29891, 29918, 29896, 29892, 29891, 29918, 29906, 2053, 7778, 1504, 13, 4806, 674, 817, 278, 1494, 3168, 29901, 13, 13, 741, 331, 8875, 4373, 880, 3081, 25470, 25558, 29913, 13, 29938, 29886, 29918, 29895, 2013, 2083, 648, 29875, 29922, 29896, 6292, 3411, 29913, 29891, 29918, 29875, 29985, 29895, 8209, 395, 29895, 29922, 29896, 29892, 29906, 2053, 7778, 1504, 13, 1349, 968, 3161, 526, 9623, 1711, 29871, 13, 262, 18980, 322, 5706, 779, 9099, 29938, 408, 263, 26418, 1230, 443, 2410, 9623, 29901, 13, 4535, 9099, 2013, 1995, 29912, 29934, 1012, 1563, 29961, 282, 29918, 29896, 29892, 29886, 29918, 29906, 29892, 29886, 29918, 29941, 2053, 7778, 320, 1266, 22689, 13, 13, 741, 331, 8875, 29924, 4917, 616, 3168, 29913, 395, 29885, 3187, 2892, 1628, 779, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 1042, 526, 3342, 408, 13, 4535, 2083, 343, 648, 29875, 29918, 29896, 6292, 2892, 29918, 29896, 1012, 7778, 343, 648, 29875, 3187, 514, 1194, 2892, 29897, 6292, 2892, 1665, 514, 1194, 2892, 21345, 1628, 29871, 13, 3062, 278, 13, 2083, 338, 4586, 975, 13, 497, 2802, 331, 8875, 5721, 5562, 1601, 7615, 29879, 25558, 1118, 13, 1552, 13, 2248, 267, 13, 29938, 29875, 29918, 29896, 2053, 7778, 29892, 29875, 1665, 514, 1194, 2892, 15604, 13, 598, 5101, 3538, 8359, 322, 1065, 515, 697, 304, 27971, 29889, 13, 4806, 884, 817, 2473, 2701, 310, 395, 29885, 3187, 2892, 29938, 310, 278, 883, 13, 4535, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2892, 29901, 2013, 3752, 1194, 10633, 648, 29895, 29905, 479, 29896, 1012, 12748, 741, 2892, 1157, 29895, 29913, 9903, 3752, 29897, 29885, 3187, 2892, 1504, 13, 15597, 508, 367, 24774, 408, 2788, 25470, 13, 4535, 2083, 343, 648, 29875, 29918, 29896, 6292, 2892, 29918, 29896, 1012, 7778, 343, 648, 29875, 3187, 514, 1194, 2892, 29897, 6292, 2892, 1665, 514, 1194, 2892, 21345, 1628, 13, 3062, 278, 2533, 338, 4586, 975, 599, 13, 741, 331, 8875, 29027, 310, 5101, 3538, 8359, 18111, 25558, 29913, 395, 29875, 29918, 29896, 2053, 7778, 29892, 29875, 1665, 514, 1194, 2892, 15604, 29871, 13, 3166, 697, 304, 27971, 29889, 13, 3112, 338, 6041, 13682, 304, 5376, 411, 29871, 13, 4535, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2892, 29938, 2012, 310, 395, 29885, 3187, 2892, 1504, 13, 9760, 310, 278, 6757, 12564, 29885, 3187, 2892, 29905, 6353, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 7920, 13, 392, 779, 741, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2892, 29905, 6353, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 7920, 13, 275, 263, 8405, 363, 779, 9099, 29938, 408, 263, 4608, 2913, 975, 779, 1995, 29912, 29934, 4311, 13, 13, 741, 331, 8875, 29943, 7168, 616, 3168, 25558, 29913, 395, 29885, 3187, 2892, 6622, 29938, 322, 779, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2892, 6622, 1628, 779, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 1042, 13, 598, 7625, 515, 395, 29885, 3187, 2892, 29938, 322, 779, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2892, 6622, 1628, 620, 3135, 29905, 29899, 29873, 3598, 29892, 491, 5960, 12937, 292, 13, 4204, 3081, 310, 263, 2286, 395, 29891, 29918, 29875, 29985, 29895, 29938, 491, 278, 7329, 616, 3081, 395, 29891, 29918, 29875, 3311, 3204, 2936, 413, 4311, 13, 29950, 663, 278, 3632, 23724, 4163, 310, 29871, 13, 29938 ]	99	6,144	ArXiv	-1	-1
m_\lambda^$ and $\mathbf{m}_\lambda^$ of maximal degree $\|\lambda\|$ is equal to $m_\lambda$ and $\mathbf{m}_\lambda$, respectively. It follows that each of the systems $\{m_\lambda^\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{K}}$ and $\{\mathbf{m}_\lambda^\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{K}}$ is also a basis for $\Lambda$ as a vector space over $\mathbb{R}$. Let $I:=(p_1-1)\Lambda$ be the principal ideal in $\Lambda$ generated by $p_1-1$. Set $\La^\circ:=\Lambda/I$. To every element $f\in\Lambda$ corresponds an image in $\La^\circ$ denoted by $f^\circ$. In particular, $p_1^\circ=1$ and $\La^\circ$ is freely generated (as a commutative unital algebra) by the elements $p_k^\circ$, $k=2,3,\dots$. Moreover, \begin{equation} \Lambda=\mathbb{R}\left[ p_1,p_2,p_3\dots \right]= I\oplus\mathbb{R}\left[ p_2,p_3,\dots \right]. \end{equation} It follows that $\La^\circ\cong\mathbb{R}\left[ p_2,p_3,\dots \right]$. It can be easily checked that the basis for the latter algebra over $\mathbb{R}$ is $\{m_\lambda\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{K},\; \kr{\lambda}1=0}$. Therefore, the basis for $\La^\circ$ over $\mathbb{R}$ is $\{m_\lambda^\circ\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{K},\; \kr{\lambda}1=0}$. \subsection{The Kingman simplex and moment coordinates}\label{s2.2} In the Introduction we described the {\em{}Kingman simplex\/} \begin{equation} \overline{\nabla}_\infty=\biggl\{x=(x_1,x_2,\dots)\in[0,1]^\infty\colon x_1\ge x_2\ge\dots\ge0,\ {\displaystyle \sum\limits_{i=1}^\infty x_i\le 1}\biggr\}. \end{equation} It is a compact, metrizable and separable space in the topology of coordinatewise convergence (we use this topology throughout the paper). The simplex $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ contains a distinguished dense subspace $\nabla_\infty:=\{x=(x_1,x_2,\dots)\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty\colon\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i=1\}$. The use of the symbols $\nabla_\infty$ and $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ follows the work \cite{EK1}. By $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ denote the algebra of real continuous functions on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ with pointwise operations and the supremum norm. To every point $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ we assign a probability measure \begin{equation} \nu_x:=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i\delta_{x_i}+\gamma(x)\delta_0 \end{equation} on the segment $\left[ 0,1 \right]$, where $\delta_s$ is the Dirac measure at a point $s$ and $\gamma(x):=1-\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i$. By $q_k(x)$ denote the $k$th moment of $\nu_x$: \begin{equation} q_k(x):=\int_0^1u^k\nu_x(du)=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i^{k+1},\qquad k=1,2,\dots. \end{equation} These functions are continuous on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ because $x_i\le i^{-1}$ for every $i=1,2,\dots$. It is worth noting that the function $\gamma(x)$ is not continuous on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. The functions $q_k(x)$, $k\ge1$ also separate points of $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ (because the measure on $\left[ 0,1 \right]$	0.12781	-0.80249	0.336427	2.153019	[ 0.14698577236335297, 0.10863486035138768 ]	[ -0.653868246026934, -0.9511125905243473 ]	[ 0.5063550181702113, 0.1664987207687193 ]	[ 2.3247096393691384, 1.9813287639597577 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29885, 3187, 2892, 6622, 29938, 322, 779, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2892, 6622, 29938, 310, 13, 27525, 284, 7426, 25984, 2892, 25183, 338, 5186, 304, 13, 29938, 29885, 3187, 2892, 29938, 322, 779, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2892, 1628, 8307, 29889, 13, 3112, 4477, 393, 1269, 310, 278, 6757, 29871, 13, 4535, 29912, 29885, 3187, 2892, 6622, 29905, 6353, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 7920, 13, 392, 779, 741, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2892, 6622, 29905, 6353, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 7920, 29871, 13, 275, 884, 263, 8405, 363, 779, 9099, 29938, 408, 263, 4608, 2913, 975, 779, 1995, 29912, 29934, 4311, 13, 13, 12024, 395, 29902, 29901, 7607, 29886, 29918, 29896, 29899, 29896, 2144, 9099, 29938, 367, 278, 5882, 13, 680, 284, 297, 779, 9099, 29938, 5759, 491, 395, 29886, 29918, 29896, 29899, 29896, 1504, 13, 2697, 779, 5661, 3823, 6034, 29901, 2013, 9099, 29914, 29902, 1504, 13, 1762, 1432, 1543, 395, 29888, 29905, 262, 29905, 9099, 29938, 16161, 385, 1967, 297, 779, 5661, 3823, 6034, 29938, 27291, 491, 13, 29938, 29888, 3823, 6034, 1504, 512, 3153, 29892, 395, 29886, 29918, 29896, 3823, 6034, 29922, 29896, 29938, 13, 392, 779, 5661, 3823, 6034, 29938, 338, 28472, 5759, 313, 294, 263, 26418, 1230, 443, 2410, 9623, 29897, 13, 1609, 278, 3161, 395, 29886, 29918, 29895, 3823, 6034, 1628, 395, 29895, 29922, 29906, 29892, 29941, 2053, 7778, 1504, 13, 20761, 957, 29892, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29905, 9099, 2013, 1995, 29912, 29934, 1012, 1563, 29961, 282, 29918, 29896, 29892, 29886, 29918, 29906, 29892, 29886, 29918, 29941, 29905, 7778, 320, 1266, 13192, 13, 12, 29902, 29905, 17201, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29934, 1012, 1563, 29961, 282, 29918, 29906, 29892, 29886, 29918, 29941, 2053, 7778, 320, 1266, 1822, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 3112, 4477, 393, 779, 5661, 3823, 6034, 29905, 21015, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29934, 1012, 1563, 29961, 282, 29918, 29906, 29892, 29886, 29918, 29941, 2053, 7778, 320, 1266, 22689, 13, 3112, 508, 367, 5948, 7120, 393, 13, 1552, 8405, 363, 278, 7480, 9623, 975, 779, 1995, 29912, 29934, 1042, 338, 13, 4535, 29912, 29885, 3187, 2892, 29905, 6353, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 7570, 29936, 320, 12748, 741, 2892, 29913, 29896, 29922, 29900, 4311, 13, 8439, 1079, 29892, 13, 1552, 8405, 363, 779, 5661, 3823, 6034, 29938, 975, 779, 1995, 29912, 29934, 1042, 338, 13, 4535, 29912, 29885, 3187, 2892, 3823, 6034, 29905, 6353, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 7570, 29936, 320, 12748, 741, 2892, 29913, 29896, 29922, 29900, 4311, 13, 13, 29905, 7235, 29912, 1576, 4088, 1171, 2560, 29916, 322, 3256, 10350, 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3411, 29901, 27805, 29916, 7607, 29916, 29918, 29896, 29892, 29916, 29918, 29906, 2053, 7778, 2144, 262, 29905, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29905, 17308, 29905, 2083, 648, 29875, 29922, 29896, 6292, 3411, 29913, 29916, 29918, 29875, 29922, 29896, 23699, 13, 1576, 671, 310, 278, 15072, 779, 8511, 3187, 3411, 29938, 322, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 4477, 278, 664, 320, 2036, 29912, 29923, 29968, 29896, 1836, 13, 2059, 395, 29907, 1194, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1262, 13530, 278, 9623, 310, 1855, 9126, 13, 12171, 373, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 411, 1298, 3538, 6931, 322, 278, 22747, 29885, 398, 6056, 29889, 13, 13, 1762, 1432, 1298, 395, 29916, 29905, 262, 29905, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 591, 3566, 263, 6976, 5645, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29905, 3433, 29918, 29916, 29901, 2013, 2083, 648, 29875, 29922, 29896, 6292, 3411, 29913, 29916, 29918, 29875, 29905, 4181, 648, 29916, 29918, 29875, 10869, 4283, 29898, 29916, 2144, 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3411, 29938, 1363, 13, 29938, 29916, 29918, 29875, 29905, 280, 474, 3426, 29896, 1042, 363, 1432, 13, 29938, 29875, 29922, 29896, 29892, 29906, 2053, 7778, 1504, 13, 3112, 338, 7088, 451, 292, 393, 278, 740, 779, 4283, 29898, 29916, 1262, 338, 451, 9126, 373, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1504, 13, 1576, 3168, 395, 29939, 29918, 29895, 29898, 29916, 5767, 395, 29895, 29905, 479, 29896, 29938, 884, 5004, 3291, 310, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 29871, 13, 29898, 18103, 278, 5645, 373, 779, 1563, 29961, 29871, 29900, 29892, 29896, 320, 1266, 9341, 29871 ]	99	7,168	ArXiv	-1	-1
in uniquely determined by its moments) and are algebraically independent. Following \cite{BO} we call $q_1(x),q_2(x),\dots$ the {\em{}moment coordinates\/} of a point $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. Let $\mathcal{F}=\mathbb{R}\left[ q_1,q_2,\dots \right]$ be the commutative unital algebra generated by the moment coordinates. By the Stone-Weierstrass theorem, $\mathcal{F}$ is a dense subalgebra of $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ . \subsection{Symmetric functions on the simplex. The Kingman theorem}\label{s2.3} The correspondence $p_2^\circ\to q_1(x), p_3^{\circ}\to q_2(x),\dots$ establishes an isomorphism of the algebra $\La^\circ$ described in \S\ref{s2.1} and the algebra $\mathcal{F}$ from \S\ref{s2.2}. Hence to each element $f^\circ\in\La^\circ$ corresponds a continuous function on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. Denote this function by $f^\circ(x)$. In particular, $p_k^\circ(x)=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i^k$, $k=2,3,\dots$ and $p_1^\circ(x)\equiv1$. Now we recall the Kingman theorem about partition structures. Consider for $n=1,2,\dots$ the following embeddings \begin{equation} \iota_n\colon\mathbb{K}_n\hookrightarrow\overline{\nabla}_\infty,\qquad \iota_n\colon(\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_\ell)\mapsto \left( \frac{\lambda_1}n,\dots,\frac{\lambda_\ell}n,0,0,\dots \right)\in \overline{\nabla}_\infty, \end{equation} where $\lambda=(\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_\ell)\in\mathbb{K}_n$. The next remark will be useful in \S\ref{s4}. \begin{note}\label{p2.1}\rm{} The sets $\iota_n(\mathbb{K}_n)$ approximate the space $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ in the sense that any open subset of $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ has a nonempty intersection with $\iota_n(\mathbb{K}_n)$ for all $n$ large enough. \end{note} \begin{thm}[\cite{Ki3,KOO}]\label{p2.2} For every partition structure $\left\{ M_n \right\}$ on $\mathbb{K}$ there exists a Borel probability measure $P$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ (called the {\em{}boundary measure\/} of a partition structure) such that \begin{equation} P=\lim_{n\to\infty}\iota_n(M_n). \end{equation} Conversely, any partition structure can be reconstructed from its boundary measure as follows: \begin{equation} M_n(\lambda)=g(\lambda)\int_{\overline{\nabla}_\infty}m_\lambda^\circ(x)P(dx)\quad\mbox{for all $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n$.} \end{equation} Hence the partition structures on $\mathbb{K}$ and Borel probability measures on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ are in one-to-one correspondence. \end{thm} To the Ewens-Pitman's partition structure (\S\ref{s1.3}) with parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ of principal or degenerate series corresponds the well-known {\em{}Poisson-Dirichlet measure\/} $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$. We have\footnote{The functions $\mathbf{m}_\lambda$ are used instead of $m_\lambda$ to simplify the notation.} \begin{equation*} \int_{\overline{\nabla}_\infty}\mathbf{m}_\lambda^\circ(x)\,\pd\alpha\theta(dx)=\frac{(-\theta/\alpha)^{\downarrow\ell(\lambda)}}{	0.363394	-0.541059	0.661066	2.158222	[ 0.2305359735322774, 0.4962530067580369 ]	[ -0.5410586454044217, -0.5410586454044217 ]	[ 0.5012825361194428, 0.8208489053178607 ]	[ 2.158221942200954, 2.158221942200954 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 13, 262, 20498, 873, 10087, 491, 967, 19462, 29897, 322, 526, 9623, 1711, 7417, 29889, 13, 29943, 2952, 292, 320, 2036, 29912, 8456, 29913, 591, 1246, 13, 29938, 29939, 29918, 29896, 29898, 29916, 511, 29939, 29918, 29906, 29898, 29916, 20481, 7778, 29938, 29871, 13, 1552, 2802, 331, 8875, 29885, 2932, 10350, 25558, 29913, 13, 974, 263, 1298, 395, 29916, 29905, 262, 29905, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1504, 13, 13, 12024, 779, 1942, 29912, 29943, 8738, 1995, 29912, 29934, 1012, 1563, 29961, 3855, 29918, 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1194, 2892, 29918, 29896, 2053, 7778, 2053, 2892, 3187, 514, 2144, 17499, 13, 12, 29905, 1563, 29898, 320, 1154, 741, 2892, 29918, 29896, 29913, 29876, 2053, 7778, 2053, 1154, 741, 2892, 3187, 514, 29913, 29876, 29892, 29900, 29892, 29900, 2053, 7778, 320, 1266, 2144, 262, 320, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29892, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 3062, 779, 2892, 29922, 1194, 2892, 29918, 29896, 2053, 7778, 2053, 2892, 3187, 514, 2144, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 1504, 13, 1576, 2446, 8509, 674, 367, 5407, 297, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29946, 1836, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 6812, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29886, 29906, 29889, 29896, 1012, 1758, 8875, 13, 4706, 450, 6166, 779, 29875, 4616, 29918, 29876, 1194, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 1262, 26368, 278, 2913, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 13, 12, 262, 278, 4060, 393, 738, 1722, 11306, 310, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 29871, 13, 12, 5349, 263, 1661, 6310, 17686, 411, 779, 29875, 4616, 29918, 29876, 1194, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 1262, 29871, 13, 12, 1454, 599, 395, 29876, 29938, 2919, 3307, 29889, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 6812, 29913, 13, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 12743, 4400, 29905, 2036, 29912, 29968, 29875, 29941, 29892, 29968, 29949, 29949, 6525, 29905, 1643, 29912, 29886, 29906, 29889, 29906, 29913, 13, 12, 2831, 1432, 8877, 3829, 29871, 13, 12, 4535, 1563, 10045, 341, 29918, 29876, 320, 1266, 11854, 373, 779, 1995, 29912, 29968, 1042, 727, 4864, 263, 13, 12, 29933, 272, 295, 6976, 5645, 395, 29925, 29938, 29871, 13, 12, 265, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 313, 13998, 278, 2802, 331, 8875, 9917, 653, 5645, 25558, 29913, 310, 263, 8877, 3829, 29897, 13, 12, 14565, 393, 13, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 12, 29925, 2013, 2576, 648, 29876, 29905, 517, 29905, 3411, 1012, 29875, 4616, 29918, 29876, 29898, 29924, 29918, 29876, 467, 13, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 1168, 874, 873, 29892, 13, 12, 1384, 8877, 3829, 508, 367, 13, 12, 276, 11433, 287, 515, 967, 10452, 5645, 408, 4477, 29901, 13, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 12, 29924, 29918, 29876, 1194, 2892, 3892, 29887, 1194, 2892, 2144, 524, 1665, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29913, 29885, 3187, 2892, 3823, 6034, 29898, 29916, 29897, 29925, 29898, 8235, 2144, 3425, 29905, 8264, 29912, 1454, 599, 779, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 1504, 29913, 13, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29950, 663, 278, 8877, 12286, 373, 779, 1995, 29912, 29968, 1042, 322, 6780, 295, 6976, 15366, 13, 12, 265, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 526, 297, 697, 29899, 517, 29899, 650, 3928, 663, 29889, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 12743, 29913, 13, 13, 1762, 278, 382, 29893, 575, 29899, 29925, 277, 1171, 29915, 29879, 8877, 3829, 3441, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29896, 29889, 29941, 1800, 13, 2541, 4128, 779, 2312, 29938, 322, 779, 3416, 29938, 310, 5882, 470, 3587, 759, 403, 3652, 13, 2616, 3636, 29879, 278, 259, 13, 5872, 29899, 5203, 13, 741, 331, 8875, 9837, 17387, 29899, 9170, 436, 1026, 5645, 25558, 29913, 13, 4535, 15926, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 4311, 29871, 13, 4806, 505, 29905, 20273, 29912, 1576, 3168, 779, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2892, 29938, 526, 1304, 2012, 310, 395, 29885, 3187, 2892, 29938, 304, 21092, 278, 12640, 5003, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29905, 524, 1665, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1012, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2892, 3823, 6034, 29898, 29916, 2144, 2053, 15926, 29905, 2312, 29905, 3416, 29898, 8235, 7950, 1154, 8001, 2612, 3416, 7998, 2312, 21422, 3204, 2936, 29905, 514, 1194, 2892, 29897, 7585 ]	99	8,192	ArXiv	-1	-1
(\theta)_{\|\lambda\|}} \prod_{i=1}^{\ell(\lambda)}(-\alpha)_{\lambda_i}\quad\mbox{for all $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$}. \end{equation} When $\alpha=0$, the value of the RHS is obtained by continuity. It is known (see, e.g., \cite{PPY,Pi-Rand}) that the measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$ is concentrated on the dense subset $\nabla_\infty\subset\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ (the definition of $\nabla_\infty$ see in \S\ref{s2.2}). \section{The up/down Markov chains transition operators' action on symmetric functions}\label{s3} Here we assume that the parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ are of principal series. Let us introduce some extra notation first. For every set $\mathcal{X}$ denote by $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathcal{X})$ the algebra of real functions on $\mathcal{X}$ with pointwise operations. Consider an embedding of the algebra of symmetric functions $\Lambda$ into the algebra $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K})$ defined on the generators $p_k$, $k=1,2,\dots$ as follows: $p_k\to p_k(\lambda):=\sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\lambda)}\lambda_i^k$. Thus, to every element $f\in\Lambda$ corresponds a function from $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K})$. Denote this function by $f(\lambda)$. Let $f\in\Lambda$. By $f_n$ denote the restriction of the function $f(\cdot)\in\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K})$ to $\mathbb{K}_n\subset\mathbb{K}$. It can be easily checked that the subalgebra $\Lambda\subset\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K})$ separates points. Therefore, the functions of the form $f_n$, with $f\in\Lambda$, exhaust the (finite-dimensional) space $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$. The aim of this section is to prove the following proposition which is needed for Lemma \ref{p4.1} below. \begin{prop}\label{p3.1} Consider the transition operator of the $n$th up/down Markov chain $T_n\colon\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)\to\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$ which corresponds to the two-parameter Ewens-Pitman's partition structure. Its action on the functions $\mathbf{m}_\mu^$, $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ looks as follows: \begin{equation} \left. \begin{array}{l}\displaystyle (T_n-{\bf1})(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n=-\frac{k(k-1+\theta)}{(n+1)(n+\theta)}(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n \\\displaystyle\qquad+ \frac{n+1-k}{(n+1)(n+\theta)} \sum_{\textstyle\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{i=1}{\mu_i\ge2}}^{\ell(\mu)} \mu_i\big(\mu_i-1-\alpha\big) \big(\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(\mu_i)}^\big)_n\\\displaystyle\qquad+ \frac{n+1-k}{(n+1)(n+\theta)} \krbig{\mu}{1}\big(\theta+\alpha(\ell(\mu)-1)\big)\big(\mathbf{m}^_{\mu-\square(1)}\big)_n, \end{array} \right. \end{equation} where ${\bf1}$ denotes the identity operator and $k=\|\mu\|$. \end{prop} \begin{note}\label{p3.2}\rm{} The Proposition states that $(T_n-{\bf1})(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n$ is a linear combination of the functions $(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n$ (the first summand in the RHS) and	-0.02936	-1.153454	0.442949	2.022951	[ 0.1113742112093852, -0.17009408944986007 ]	[ -1.2734257351600966, -1.0334815052645943 ]	[ 0.17664368487025636, 0.7092543002009529 ]	[ 2.012545207178792, 2.0333561693248154 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 1194, 3416, 20439, 4295, 2892, 29989, 930, 13, 12, 29905, 10633, 648, 29875, 29922, 29896, 6292, 514, 1194, 2892, 22302, 2612, 2312, 29897, 1665, 2892, 29918, 29875, 1012, 3425, 29905, 8264, 29912, 1454, 599, 779, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 1042, 1836, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 10401, 779, 2312, 29922, 29900, 1628, 278, 995, 310, 278, 390, 14851, 338, 7625, 491, 3133, 537, 29889, 13, 13, 3112, 338, 2998, 313, 4149, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 320, 2036, 29912, 18009, 29979, 29892, 12197, 29899, 29934, 392, 1800, 13, 5747, 278, 5645, 779, 15926, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 1042, 338, 14953, 630, 373, 13, 1552, 20619, 11306, 779, 8511, 3187, 3411, 29905, 6484, 29905, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 29871, 13, 29898, 1552, 5023, 310, 779, 8511, 3187, 3411, 29938, 1074, 297, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29906, 29889, 29906, 7690, 13, 13, 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the functions of the form $(\mathbf{m}_\varkappa^)_n$ for all $\varkappa\colon\varkappa\nearrow\mu$. The sum over $i$ in the RHS deals with $\varkappa$ of the same length as $\mu$. Note that this sum contains similar terms if $\mu$ has equal rows of length $\ge2$. The last summand is nonzero if $\kr{\mu}{1}>0$ and in this case corresponds to the diagram $\varkappa=\mu-\square(1)$ obtained from $\mu$ by deleting a one-box row. \end{note} Let us give two formulas concerning factorial functions and the numbers of paths $g(\mu,\lambda)$ defined in \S\ref{s1.1}. We use these formulas below to proof the Proposition \ref{p3.1}. Let $\|\lambda\|=n\ge m=\|\mu\|$, $\lambda,\mu\in\mathbb{K}$. Then \begin{equation}\label{f1.1} \frac{g(\mu,\lambda)}{g(\lambda)}=\frac{(m_\mu^)_n(\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)})} {n(n-1)\dots(n-m+1)}, \end{equation} and \begin{equation}\label{f1} g(\mu,\lambda)=\sum_{\varkappa\colon\varkappa\nearrow\lambda}\kra{\lambda}{\varkappa} g(\mu,\varkappa). \end{equation} The formula (\ref{f1.1}) can be checked directly, and (\ref{f1}) follows from the definitions of $g(\mu,\lambda)$ and $\kappa(\varkappa,\lambda)$, see \S\ref{s1.1}. In order to prove Proposition \ref{p3.1} let us write the operator $T_n$ as a composition of ``down'' $D_{n+1,n}\colon \mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)\to\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_{n+1})$ and ``up'' $U_{n,n+1}\colon\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_{n+1})\to\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_{n})$ operators acting on functions. The operator $D_{n+1,n}$ is constructed using the down transition probabilities and does not depend on the parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$. The operator $U_{n,n+1}$ is constructed using the up transition probabilities and depends on the parameters. Namely, \begin{equation}\label{f2.9} \left. \begin{array}{rcll} (D_{n+1,n}f_n)(\lambda)&:=& \displaystyle\sum_{\mu\colon\mu\nearrow\lambda}p^\downarrow(\lambda,\mu)f_n(\mu),&\qquad\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_{n+1}\\ \rule{0pt}{16pt} (U_{n,n+1}f_{n+1})(\mu)&:=& \displaystyle\sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\searrow\mu}p^\uparrow(\mu,\lambda)f_{n+1}(\lambda),&\qquad\mu\in\mathbb{K}_n. \end{array} \right. \end{equation} These operators are adjoint to the corresponding operators acting on measures. The latter act in agreement with their names, e.g., $D_{n+1,n}^*\colon \mathcal{M}(\mathbb{K}_{n+1})\to \mathcal{M}(\mathbb{K}_{n})$, where $\mathcal{M}(\mathcal{X})$ is the space of measures on $\mathcal{X}$. It clearly follows from the definition of the $n$th up/down Markov chain (\S\ref{s1.2}) that $T_n=U_{n,n+1}\circ D_{n+1,n}\colon\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)\to\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$, $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}$. Proposition \ref{p3.	0.115826	-0.580285	0.582442	2.007342	[ 0.23601467524827244, -0.00436336254101005 ]	[ -0.2452691866293226, -0.9153000188981529 ]	[ 0.6991093360994158, 0.46577516176406303 ]	[ 1.9605178018137346, 2.0541671314708383 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 278, 3168, 310, 278, 883, 13, 29938, 1194, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 29894, 935, 8055, 6622, 20344, 29876, 29938, 13, 1454, 599, 13, 4535, 29894, 935, 8055, 29905, 17308, 29905, 29894, 935, 8055, 29905, 484, 2936, 29905, 2589, 1504, 13, 1576, 2533, 975, 395, 29875, 29938, 13, 262, 278, 390, 14851, 316, 1338, 411, 29871, 13, 4535, 29894, 935, 8055, 29938, 310, 278, 1021, 3309, 408, 13, 4535, 2589, 1504, 29871, 13, 9842, 393, 445, 2533, 3743, 2788, 4958, 565, 13, 4535, 2589, 29938, 29871, 13, 5349, 5186, 4206, 310, 3309, 779, 479, 29906, 1504, 13, 1576, 1833, 22792, 392, 338, 1661, 9171, 565, 779, 12748, 741, 2589, 1157, 29896, 17428, 29900, 29938, 13, 392, 297, 445, 1206, 16161, 304, 278, 13722, 13, 4535, 29894, 935, 8055, 2013, 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1} directly follows from \begin{lemma} {\rm{}(1)\/} There exists a unique operator $\widetilde D\colon\Lambda\to\Lambda$ such that \begin{equation} D_{n+1,n}f_n=\frac1{n+1}(\widetilde Df)_{n+1} \end{equation} for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$ and $f\in\Lambda$. In the basis $\{ \mathbf{m}_\mu^* \}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K}}$ for the algebra $\Lambda$ this operator has the form \begin{equation}\label{f3} \widetilde D\mathbf{m}_\mu^=(p_1-\|\mu\|)\mathbf{m}_\mu^. \end{equation} {\rm{}(2)\/} There exists a unique operator $\widetilde U\colon\Lambda\to\Lambda$ such that \begin{equation} U_{n,n+1}g_{n+1}=\frac1{n+\theta}(\widetilde Ug)_{n} \end{equation} for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$ and $g\in\Lambda$. In the basis $\{\mathbf{m}_\mu^\}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K}}$ for the algebra $\Lambda$ this operator has the form \begin{equation}\label{f4} \left. \begin{array}{r} \displaystyle \widetilde U\mathbf{m}_\mu^= \big(p_1+\theta+\|\mu\|\big)\mathbf{m}_\mu^* +\sum_{\textstyle\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{i=1}{\mu_i\ge2}}^{\ell(\mu)} \mu_i\big( \mu_i-1-\alpha \big)\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(\mu_i)}^\phantom{.} \\\displaystyle\rule{0pt}{12pt} +\krbig{\mu}{1}\big(\theta+\alpha(\ell(\mu)-1)\big)\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(1)}^. \end{array} \right. \end{equation} \end{lemma} Note that in the RHS of (\ref{f4}) there is a sum similar to the one explained in Remark \ref{p3.2}. \begin{proof} (1) Let us show that the operator $\widetilde D$ defined by (\ref{f3}) is the desired one. We use the connection (\ref{f1.1}) of factorial functions with the numbers of paths $g(\mu,\lambda)$ and the recurrent relations (\ref{f1}) for the latter. Let $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$, $\nu\in\mathbb{K}_{n+1}$. We suppose that $n\ge\|\mu\|$, because otherwise $(m_\mu^)_n=0$. We have \begin{equation} \left. \begin{array}{l}\displaystyle (D_{n+1,n}(m_\mu^)_n)(\nu)= \sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\nearrow\nu}p^\downarrow(\nu,\lambda)(m_\mu^)_n(\lambda)\\\displaystyle\quad= \sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\nearrow\nu}\frac{g(\lambda)}{g(\nu)} \kra{\nu}{\lambda}(m_\mu^*)_n(\lambda)= \sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\nearrow\nu}\frac{g(\lambda)}{g(\nu)} \kra{\nu}{\lambda}n^{\downarrow\|\mu\|}\frac{g(\mu,\lambda)}{g(\lambda)}\\\displaystyle\quad= \frac{n^{\downarrow\|\mu\|}}{g(\nu)}\sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\nearrow\nu} \kra{\nu}{\lambda}g(\mu,\lambda)=n^{\downarrow\|\mu\|}\frac{g(\mu,\nu)}{g(\nu)}= \frac{n	-0.610102	-1.674527	-0.425079	1.632745	[ -0.2481655889027894, -0.9720390531286344 ]	[ -1.3307258497620076, -2.0183272249849398 ]	[ 0.011788018220278867, -0.8619470150246018 ]	[ 1.9813287639597577, 1.2841615320679847 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29896, 29913, 29871, 13, 11851, 368, 4477, 515, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 13846, 29913, 13, 12, 741, 1758, 29912, 2119, 29896, 2144, 29914, 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4429, 779, 3433, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 3227, 29876, 29974, 29896, 4311, 1334, 7755, 393, 29871, 13, 12, 29938, 29876, 29905, 479, 4295, 2589, 29989, 1628, 1363, 6467, 29871, 2427, 29885, 3187, 2589, 6622, 20344, 29876, 29922, 29900, 1504, 13, 12, 4806, 505, 13, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 1563, 29889, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2378, 1157, 29880, 1012, 15618, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29898, 29928, 648, 29876, 29974, 29896, 29892, 29876, 2119, 29885, 3187, 2589, 6622, 20344, 29876, 29897, 1194, 3433, 3892, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 2083, 1665, 2892, 29905, 17308, 29905, 2892, 29905, 484, 2936, 29905, 3433, 29913, 29886, 3823, 3204, 2936, 1194, 3433, 2053, 2892, 5033, 29885, 3187, 2589, 6622, 20344, 29876, 1194, 2892, 18775, 29905, 15618, 29905, 3425, 29922, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 2083, 1665, 2892, 29905, 17308, 29905, 2892, 29905, 484, 2936, 29905, 3433, 1012, 1154, 29912, 29887, 1194, 2892, 10172, 29887, 1194, 3433, 2915, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 29895, 336, 741, 3433, 3331, 2892, 2119, 29885, 3187, 2589, 6622, 20344, 29876, 1194, 2892, 3892, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 2083, 1665, 2892, 29905, 17308, 29905, 2892, 29905, 484, 2936, 29905, 3433, 1012, 1154, 29912, 29887, 1194, 2892, 10172, 29887, 1194, 3433, 2915, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 29895, 336, 741, 3433, 3331, 2892, 29913, 29876, 3311, 3204, 2936, 4295, 2589, 29989, 1012, 1154, 29912, 29887, 1194, 2589, 2053, 2892, 10172, 29887, 1194, 2892, 11383, 1966, 15618, 29905, 3425, 29922, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 1154, 29912, 29876, 3311, 3204, 2936, 4295, 2589, 29989, 7585, 29887, 1194, 3433, 11383, 2083, 1665, 2892, 29905, 17308, 29905, 2892, 29905, 484, 2936, 29905, 3433, 29913, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 29895, 336, 741, 3433, 3331, 2892, 29913, 29887, 1194, 2589, 2053, 2892, 3892, 29876, 3311, 3204, 2936, 4295, 2589, 29989, 1012, 1154, 29912, 29887, 1194, 2589, 2053, 3433, 10172, 29887, 1194, 3433, 2915, 29922, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 1154, 29912, 29876 ]	99	11,264	ArXiv	-1	-1
+1-\|\mu\|}{n+1}(m_\mu^)_{n+1}(\nu). \end{array} \right. \end{equation} Thus, \begin{equation} \frac1{n+1}\widetilde Dm_\mu^(\nu)= \frac1{n+1}\big((p_1-\|\mu\|)m_\mu^\big)(\nu), \end{equation} because $p_1(\nu)=\|\nu\|=n+1$. It follows that in the basis $\{ m_\mu^\}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K}}$ the operator $\widetilde D$ has the form $\widetilde Dm_\mu^=(p_1-\|\mu\|)m_\mu^$. If we multiply both sides by $\prod_{k\ge1}\kr{\mu}{k}!$, then we get the desired expression in the basis $\{\mathbf{m}_\mu^\}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K}}$. The uniqueness of the operator $\widetilde D$ follows from the fact that $\Lambda$ is embedded into $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K})$. (2) Fix $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ and denote $l:=\ell(\mu)$. Let $\nu\in\mathbb{K}_n$. We have an explicit expression \begin{equation} (\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n(\nu)=\sum\nu_{j_1}^{\downarrow\mu_1}\dots\nu_{j_l}^{\downarrow\mu_l}, \end{equation} where the sum is taken over all pairwise distinct $j_1,\dots,j_l$ from $1$ to $\ell(\nu)$. Thus, we can verify (\ref{f4}) directly. From the definition of the operator $U_{n,n+1}$ (\ref{f2.9}) and the formula for the up transition probabilities of the Ewens-Pitman's partition structure (\S\ref{s1.3}) it follows that \begin{equation}\label{f5} \left. \begin{array}{rcr} \displaystyle \big(U_{n,n+1}(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_{n+1}\big)(\nu)&=& \displaystyle \frac1{n+\theta}\Bigg[ \sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\nu)} (\nu_i-\alpha)(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(\nu_i+1)\big)\phantom{.}\\&&\displaystyle \phantom{\frac1{n+\theta}\Bigg[} +\big(\theta+\ell(\nu)\alpha\big)(\mathbf{m}^_\mu)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(1)\big) \Bigg]. \end{array} \right. \end{equation} Let us transform the RHS and obtain (\ref{f4}). {\bf1.} First, note two simple properties: \begin{equation} \mbox{\bf1a. } (a+1)^{\downarrow b}-a^{\downarrow b}=b\cdot a^{\downarrow(b-1)}; \qquad\mbox{\bf1b. } a\cdot a^{\downarrow b}=a^{\downarrow (b+1)}+b\cdot a^{\downarrow b}. \end{equation} {\bf2.} Let us deal with the standalone summand in the RHS of (\ref{f5}). We show that \begin{equation}\label{f6} (\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(1)\big)= (\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n(\nu)+\kr{\mu}{1}\big(\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(1)}^\big)_n(\nu). \end{equation} It is clear that $(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(1)\big)= \sum(\nu+\square(1))_{j_1}^{\	-0.52484	-1.481139	-0.321411	1.773219	[ -0.42553855695812887, -0.6241414941629492 ]	[ -1.31640082111153, -1.645876480072518 ]	[ -0.20632870996276828, -0.4364925830163907 ]	[ 1.8252465478645845, 1.7211917371344692 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29974, 29896, 29899, 4295, 2589, 29632, 29876, 29974, 29896, 2119, 29885, 3187, 2589, 6622, 20439, 29876, 29974, 29896, 4678, 3433, 467, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2378, 29913, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 1266, 29889, 13, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 1349, 375, 29892, 13, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 1154, 29896, 29912, 29876, 29974, 29896, 1012, 10737, 360, 29885, 3187, 2589, 6622, 1194, 3433, 3892, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 1154, 29896, 29912, 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downarrow\mu_1}\dots(\nu+\square(1))_{j_l}^{\downarrow\mu_l}$, where the sum is taken over all pairwise distinct $j_1,\dots,j_l$ from $1$ to $\ell(\nu)+1$. To every combination of indexes $j_1,\dots,j_l$ we assign a number $c\in\left\{ 1,\dots,l \right\}$ defined by the condition $j_c=\ell(\nu)+1$. It follows that $(\nu+\square(1))_{j_c}^{\downarrow\mu_c}=1^{\downarrow\mu_c}$, and for other $j_k$ we have $(\nu+\square(1))_{j_k}=\nu_{j_k}$. Let us combine the summands of the form $(\nu+\square(1))_{j_1}^{\downarrow\mu_1}\dots(\nu+\square(1))_{j_l}^{\downarrow\mu_l}$ with equal $c$, i.e., let us write \begin{equation} \begin{array}{l}\displaystyle (\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(1)\big)= (\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n(\nu) \\\displaystyle\phantom{(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(1)\big)=}\rule{0pt}{22pt} +\sum_{c=1}^{l}1^{\downarrow\mu_c} \Big( \sum_{\mbox{\scriptsize{}w/o $j_c$}} \nu_{j_1}^{\downarrow\mu_1}\dots \nu_{j_{c-1}}^{\downarrow\mu_{c-1}} \nu_{j_{c+1}}^{\downarrow\mu_{c+1}} \dots \nu_{j_l}^{\downarrow\mu_{j_l}} \Big). \end{array} \end{equation} The last sum $\sum_{\mbox{\scriptsize{}w/o $j_c$}}$ means the sum taken over all pairwise distinct indexes $j_1,\dots,j_{c-1}, j_{c+1},\dots,j_l$ from $1$ to $\ell(\nu)$. We denote this sum by $S_c$ to simplify the notation. Note that $1^{\downarrow b}=0$ if $b\ge2$, and $1^{\da1}=1$. Therefore, \begin{equation} \sum_{c=1}^{l}1^{\downarrow\mu_c}S_c=\kr{\mu}{1}\big(\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(1)}^\big)_n(\nu), \end{equation} and this implies (\ref{f6}). {\bf3.} Now we deal with the sum over $i$ in the RHS of (\ref{f5}). First, fix an arbitrary $i$ from $1$ to $\ell(\nu)$. We have \begin{equation} \left. \begin{array}{lcll} (\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n(\nu)&=& \displaystyle \sum_{c=1}^{l}\nu_i^{\downarrow\mu_c}S_c+ \sum\limits_{j_1,\dots,j_l\ne i} \nu_{j_1}^{\downarrow\mu_1}\dots\nu_{j_l}^{\downarrow\mu_l};\\ (\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(\nu_i+1)\big)&=& \displaystyle \sum_{c=1}^{l}(\nu_i+1)^{\downarrow\mu_c}S_c+ \sum\limits_{j_1,\dots,j_l\ne i} \nu_{j_1}^{\downarrow\mu_1}\dots\nu_{j_l}^{\downarrow\mu_l}. \end	-0.657699	-1.373701	-0.529699	1.497474	[ -0.922730737684679, -0.3926663466621586 ]	[ -1.5456012795191738, -1.201800591907708 ]	[ -0.741475566318849, -0.31792331507967614 ]	[ 1.5547040399662846, 1.4402437481631578 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 3204, 2936, 29905, 2589, 29918, 29896, 1012, 7778, 1194, 3433, 3124, 17619, 29898, 29896, 876, 648, 29926, 29918, 29880, 6292, 3204, 2936, 29905, 2589, 29918, 29880, 4429, 13, 12, 3062, 278, 2533, 338, 4586, 975, 599, 5101, 3538, 8359, 13, 12, 29938, 29926, 29918, 29896, 2053, 7778, 29892, 29926, 29918, 29880, 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6292, 3204, 2936, 29905, 2589, 29918, 29880, 3400, 1966, 13, 12, 12, 12, 1194, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 6622, 20439, 29876, 29974, 29896, 1012, 3752, 1194, 3433, 3124, 17619, 1194, 3433, 29918, 29875, 29974, 29896, 2144, 3752, 29897, 20644, 29987, 320, 15618, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 2083, 648, 29883, 29922, 29896, 2844, 29880, 4678, 3433, 29918, 29875, 29974, 29896, 21422, 3204, 2936, 29905, 2589, 29918, 29883, 29913, 29903, 29918, 29883, 29974, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 2083, 29905, 12514, 648, 29926, 29918, 29896, 2053, 7778, 29892, 29926, 29918, 29880, 29905, 484, 474, 29913, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 3433, 648, 29926, 29918, 29896, 6292, 3204, 2936, 29905, 2589, 29918, 29896, 1012, 7778, 29905, 3433, 648, 29926, 29918, 29880, 6292, 3204, 2936, 29905, 2589, 29918, 29880, 1836, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 355 ]	99	13,312	ArXiv	-1	-1
{array} \right. \end{equation} Using {\bf1a}, we get \begin{equation} (\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(\nu_i+1)\big)- (\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n(\nu)=\sum_{c=1}^{l}\mu_c\nu_i^{\downarrow(\mu_c-1)}S_c. \end{equation} Thus, the sum over $i$ in the RHS of (\ref{f5}) becomes \begin{equation} \left. \begin{array}{l}\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^{l}(\nu_i-\alpha)(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(\nu_i+1)\big)\\\displaystyle\qquad= \big(\|\nu\|-\ell(\nu)\alpha\big)(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n(\nu)+ \sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\nu)}\sum_{c=1}^{l}(\nu_i-\alpha)\mu_c\nu_i^{\downarrow(\mu_c-1)}S_c. \end{array} \right. \end{equation} Now fix an arbitrary $c$ from $1$ to $l$. Using {\bf1b}, we get \begin{equation} \left. \begin{array}{l}\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\nu)}(\nu_i-\alpha)\mu_c\nu_i^{\downarrow(\mu_c-1)}S_c\\\displaystyle\qquad= S_c\Bigg[ \mu_c\sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\nu)}\nu_i^{\downarrow\mu_c}+ \mu_c(\mu_c-1)\sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\nu)}\nu_i^{\downarrow(\mu_c-1)} -\alpha\mu_c\sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\nu)}\nu_i^{\downarrow(\mu_c-1)} \Bigg]\\\rule{0pt}{22pt}\displaystyle\qquad=\left\{ \begin{array}{ll}\displaystyle \mu_c(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n(\nu)+\mu_c(\mu_c-1-\alpha) \big(\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(\mu_c)}\big)_n(\nu),& \mbox{if }\mu_c\ge2;\\\rule{0pt}{14pt} (\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n(\nu)-\alpha\big(\ell(\nu)-(l-1)\big) \big(\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(1)}^\big)_n(\nu),&\mbox{if }\mu_c=1. \end{array} \right. \end{array} \right. \end{equation} {\bf4.} If we put together {\bf2} and {\bf3} and recall that $\|\nu\|=n$ and $\ell(\mu)=l$, we get \begin{equation} \left. \begin{array}{l}\displaystyle \big(U_{n,n+1}(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_{n+1}\big)(\nu)= (\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n(\nu)+\frac1{p_1(\nu)+\theta}\Big[ \|\mu\|(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n(\nu) \\\displaystyle\qquad+ \sum_{\textstyle\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{c=1}{\mu_c\ge2}}^{\ell(\mu)} \mu_c(\mu_c-1-\alpha)\big(\mathbf{m}^*_{\mu-\square(\mu_c)}\big)_n(\nu)\\\displaystyle\qquad+ \kr{\mu}{1}\big(\theta+\alpha(\ell(\mu)-1)\big) \big(\	-1.046002	-1.950283	-0.911404	1.523488	[ -0.9829964565606244, -1.1090065960285105 ]	[ -1.9825146533587454, -1.9180520244315955 ]	[ -0.7795191816996131, -1.0432882483395771 ]	[ 1.4506492292361692, 1.5963259642583307 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29912, 2378, 29913, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 1266, 29889, 13, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 15156, 2802, 1635, 29896, 29874, 1118, 591, 679, 13, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 12, 1194, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 6622, 20439, 29876, 29974, 29896, 1012, 3752, 1194, 3433, 3124, 17619, 1194, 3433, 29918, 29875, 29974, 29896, 2144, 3752, 6817, 13, 12, 12, 1194, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 6622, 20344, 29876, 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mathbf{m}^_{\mu-\square(1)}\big)_n(\nu) \Big]. \end{array} \right. \end{equation} This coincides with the desired expression (\ref{f4}). The uniqueness of the operator $\widetilde U$ again follows from the fact that $\Lambda\hookrightarrow\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K})$ is embedding. \end{proof} \section{Convergence of the up/down Markov chains}\label{s4} In this section we consider the limit, as $n\to\infty$, of the Markov chains $T_n$ on $\mathbb{K}_n$. We assume that the parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ are of principal series. The limit is a continuous time Markov process on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ denoted by $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$. The argument in this section uses the results of the book \cite{EK2}. The application of these results is based on the algebraic calculations of \S\ref{s3} and is similar to \cite[\S1]{BO}. Due to this similarity the proofs repeating those from \cite{BO} are not given. \subsection{The construction of the process in the simplex}\label{s4.1} First, let us introduce essential notation. Each operator $T_n$ acts in a finite-dimensional space of functions $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$, $n=1,2,\dots$. These spaces can be viewed as Banach spaces with the supremum norm $\\|\cdot\\|_n$. Recall the embeddings $\iota_n\colon\mathbb{K}_n\hookrightarrow\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ introduced in \S\ref{s2.3}. Let $\pi_n$ denote the corresponding projections of function spaces: \begin{equation} \big(\pi_n(f)\big)(\lambda):=f(\iota_n(\lambda)),\qquad\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n,\qquad f\in C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty). \end{equation} In \S\ref{s2} we introduced a dense subalgebra $\mathcal{F}\subset C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$. This algebra $\mathcal{F}$ admits an ascending filtration by finite-dimensional subspaces \begin{equation} \mathcal{F}^0\subset\mathcal{F}^1\subset\mathcal{F}^2\dots\subset\mathcal{F},\qquad \bigcup_{m=0}^{\infty}\mathcal{F}^m=\mathcal{F}. \end{equation} Recall that $\mathcal{F}\cong\La^\circ=\Lambda/(p_1-1)\Lambda$. We define the filtration $\left\{ \mathcal{F}^m \right\}$ of $\La^\circ$ as the image of the filtration of the algebra $\Lambda$ by degrees of polynomials (in the formal variables $y_i$, see \S\ref{s2.1}). From Remark \ref{p2.1} and the fact $\dim\mathcal{F}^m<\infty$ it follows that each projection $\pi_n$ is one-to-one on $\mathcal{F}^m$ (for fixed $m$) for all $n$ large enough. Now we prove that the generators of the up/down Markov chains converge to some operator $A$ in the space $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$. \begin{lemma}\label{p4.1} Each $\pi_n(\mathcal{F}^m)$ is invariant under the operator $T_n$ (for fixed $m$) for all $n$ large enough. Under the identification $\mathcal{F}^m=\pi_n(\mathcal{F}^m)$ there exists a limit \begin{equation}\label{f9} \lim_{n\to\infty}n^2(T_n-{\bf1})f=Af\quad\mbox{for all $f\in\mathcal{F}$} \end{equation} in any finite-dimensional space $\mathcal{F}^m$.\footnote{Here	-0.12421	-1.31461	0.020903	1.856463	[ -0.49813135469506314, 0.24971142953826003 ]	[ -1.710339108999668, -0.9188812760607723 ]	[ -0.5254195339689266, 0.5672248027794338 ]	[ 1.5130821156742384, 2.199843866493 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 2762, 29912, 29885, 2137, 29930, 1665, 2589, 2612, 17619, 29898, 29896, 11383, 3752, 20344, 29876, 1194, 3433, 29897, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 6970, 1822, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2378, 29913, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 1266, 29889, 13, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 4013, 22819, 2247, 411, 278, 7429, 4603, 3441, 999, 29912, 29888, 29946, 7690, 13, 12, 1576, 20498, 18543, 310, 278, 5455, 779, 10737, 501, 29938, 1449, 4477, 13, 12, 3166, 278, 2114, 393, 779, 9099, 29905, 20849, 5211, 29905, 3141, 29912, 25394, 4678, 1995, 29912, 29968, 8435, 338, 23655, 29889, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 8017, 29913, 13, 13, 29905, 2042, 29912, 1168, 369, 10238, 310, 278, 701, 29914, 3204, 4485, 586, 521, 2708, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29879, 29946, 29913, 13, 797, 445, 4004, 591, 2050, 29871, 13, 1552, 4046, 29892, 408, 395, 29876, 29905, 517, 29905, 3411, 1628, 310, 278, 4485, 586, 521, 2708, 395, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29938, 13, 265, 779, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 1504, 1334, 5251, 393, 278, 4128, 779, 2312, 29938, 322, 779, 3416, 29938, 526, 310, 5882, 3652, 29889, 13, 1576, 4046, 338, 263, 9126, 931, 4485, 586, 1889, 373, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 27291, 491, 779, 29916, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 2119, 29873, 4935, 13, 13, 1576, 2980, 297, 445, 4004, 29871, 13, 6394, 278, 2582, 310, 278, 3143, 320, 2036, 29912, 29923, 29968, 29906, 1836, 13, 1576, 2280, 310, 1438, 2582, 338, 13, 6707, 373, 278, 21531, 17203, 13, 974, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29941, 29913, 322, 338, 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3518, 1133, 297, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29906, 29889, 29941, 1836, 13, 12024, 29871, 13, 4535, 1631, 29918, 29876, 29938, 29871, 13, 1145, 866, 278, 6590, 410, 24247, 310, 740, 8162, 29901, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29905, 3752, 1194, 1631, 29918, 29876, 29898, 29888, 2144, 3752, 29897, 1194, 2892, 1125, 29922, 29888, 1194, 29875, 4616, 29918, 29876, 1194, 2892, 8243, 29905, 12014, 29905, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 2053, 12014, 285, 29905, 262, 315, 1194, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 467, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 797, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29906, 29913, 591, 9129, 13, 29874, 20619, 1014, 15742, 779, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1012, 6484, 315, 1194, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 4935, 13, 4013, 9623, 779, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1042, 29871, 13, 328, 29885, 1169, 385, 12066, 2548, 977, 509, 362, 491, 8093, 29899, 12531, 1014, 22854, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 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29871, 13, 392, 278, 2114, 13, 4535, 6229, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 13505, 3411, 29938, 372, 4477, 393, 13, 4204, 18246, 29871, 13, 4535, 1631, 29918, 29876, 29938, 29871, 13, 275, 697, 29899, 517, 29899, 650, 29871, 13, 265, 779, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 29938, 13, 29898, 1454, 4343, 395, 29885, 10931, 13, 1454, 599, 395, 29876, 29938, 2919, 3307, 29889, 13, 13, 10454, 591, 6356, 393, 278, 1176, 4097, 310, 278, 701, 29914, 3204, 4485, 586, 521, 2708, 13, 535, 369, 479, 304, 777, 5455, 395, 29909, 29938, 297, 278, 2913, 395, 29907, 1194, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 4935, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 13846, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29886, 29946, 29889, 29896, 29913, 13, 12, 9760, 779, 1631, 29918, 29876, 1194, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 1262, 29871, 13, 12, 275, 22619, 1090, 278, 5455, 395, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29938, 13, 12, 29898, 1454, 4343, 395, 29885, 10931, 363, 599, 395, 29876, 29938, 2919, 3307, 29889, 13, 12, 29177, 278, 29769, 779, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 2013, 1631, 29918, 29876, 1194, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 1262, 727, 4864, 263, 4046, 13, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29888, 29929, 29913, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 2576, 648, 29876, 29905, 517, 29905, 3411, 29913, 29876, 29985, 29906, 29898, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29899, 741, 1635, 29896, 1800, 29888, 29922, 29909, 29888, 29905, 3425, 29905, 8264, 29912, 1454, 599, 395, 29888, 29905, 262, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1042, 29913, 13, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 29913, 13, 12, 262, 738, 8093, 29899, 12531, 2913, 779, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 1504, 29905, 20273, 29912, 10605 ]	99	15,360	ArXiv	-1	-1
by ${\bf1}$ we denote the identity operator.} In this way we obtain an operator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$ with the property $A\mathcal{F}^m\subset\mathcal{F}^m$, $m\ge0$. The action of this operator on the functions $\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ\in\La^\circ\cong\mathcal{F}$, $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ (they were defined in \S\ref{s2.1}) has the following explicit form: \begin{equation}\label{f10} \begin{array}{r}\displaystyle A\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ=-\|\mu\|(\|\mu\|-1+\theta)\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ+ \sum_{\textstyle\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{c=1}{\mu_c\ge2}}^{\ell(\mu)} \mu_c(\mu_c-1-\alpha)\mathbf{m}^\circ_{\mu-\square(\mu_c)}\phantom{.}\\\displaystyle+ \kr{\mu}{1}\big(\theta+\alpha(\ell(\mu)-1)\big)\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(1)}^{\circ}. \end{array} \end{equation} \end{lemma} Note that $A$ sends the function $\mathbf{m}_\varnothing^\circ\equiv1$ to $0$, as it should be. \begin{proof} It is clear that for all $n$ large enough the space $\pi_n(\mathcal{F}^m)$ is the linear span of the functions $(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n$ with $\|\mu\|\le m$. Therefore, the invariance of $\pi_n(\mathcal{F}^m)$ under $T_n$ follows from Proposition \ref{p3.1}, because it is clear that the operator $T_n$ does not increase the degree of each function $(\mathbf{m}_\mu^)_n\in\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$ (this degree is equal to $\|\mu\|$). Thus, identifying $\pi_n(\mathcal{F}^m)$ with $\mathcal{F}^m$ (which makes sense for fixed $m$ and $n$ large enough), we may say that each $\mathcal{F}^m$ is invariant under $T_n$. Now we can prove (\ref{f9}) and (\ref{f10}) together. Consider the map $\Lambda\to\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$ defined as \begin{equation} f_{\left[ n \right]}(\lambda):=\pi_n(f^\circ)(\lambda)=f^{\circ} \left( \frac{\lambda_1}n,\frac{\lambda_2}n,\dots,\frac{\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}}n,0,0,\dots \right),\quad \lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n,\ f\in\Lambda. \end{equation} This is the restriction of an element $f^{\circ}\in C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ to $\iota_n(\mathbb{K}_n)\subset \overline{\nabla}_\infty$. Let $G_s\colon\Lambda\to\Lambda$ for all $s>0$ be an automorphism of the algebra defined on its basis as \begin{equation} G_s\mathbf{m}_\mu=s^{\|\mu\|}\mathbf{m}_\mu,\qquad \mu\in\mathbb{K}. \end{equation} On the homogeneous component of degree $k$, $k=0,1,2,\dots$ this automorphism reduces to multiplication by the number $s^k$.\footnote{The homogeneous component of degree $k$ in the algebra $\Lambda$ consists of all homogeneous symmetric functions of degree $k$. This set is the linear span of the elements $\mathbf{m}_\mu$, $\|\mu\|=k$.} Therefore, we have the following expression for $f_n$, where $f\in\Lambda$: \begin	0.303129	-1.0872	0.493674	1.94491	[ 0.3099771484142055, 0.29628039412421786 ]	[ -1.259100706509619, -0.9153000188981529 ]	[ 0.4860650899671372, 0.5012825361194428 ]	[ 1.9501123207407232, 1.9397068396677115 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 491, 7555, 1635, 29896, 1042, 591, 13530, 278, 10110, 5455, 5003, 13, 12, 797, 445, 982, 591, 4017, 385, 5455, 395, 29909, 29905, 17308, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1012, 517, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1042, 411, 278, 2875, 395, 29909, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 29905, 6484, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 1628, 395, 29885, 29905, 479, 29900, 1504, 13, 12, 1576, 3158, 310, 445, 5455, 13, 12, 265, 278, 3168, 29871, 13, 12, 4535, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 3823, 6034, 29905, 262, 29905, 5661, 3823, 6034, 29905, 21015, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 4429, 779, 2589, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 1042, 313, 19562, 892, 3342, 297, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29906, 29889, 29896, 1800, 13, 12, 5349, 278, 1494, 6261, 883, 29901, 13, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29888, 29896, 29900, 29913, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2378, 1157, 29878, 1012, 15618, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29909, 29905, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 3823, 6034, 10457, 4295, 2589, 29989, 29898, 4295, 2589, 29989, 29899, 29896, 3124, 3416, 2144, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 3823, 6034, 29974, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 2083, 1665, 726, 3293, 29905, 1885, 1154, 29912, 1157, 1157, 29900, 415, 1157, 1157, 29883, 29922, 29896, 3331, 2589, 29918, 29883, 29905, 479, 29906, 930, 3311, 514, 1194, 2589, 2915, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 2589, 29918, 29883, 1194, 2589, 29918, 29883, 29899, 29896, 2612, 2312, 2144, 2762, 29912, 29885, 10206, 6034, 1665, 2589, 2612, 17619, 1194, 2589, 29918, 29883, 11383, 27473, 26139, 1012, 1966, 15618, 29974, 13, 12, 12, 12, 29905, 12748, 741, 2589, 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1262, 1090, 395, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29938, 13, 12, 23031, 29879, 515, 22206, 320, 999, 29912, 29886, 29941, 29889, 29896, 1118, 29871, 13, 12, 18103, 372, 338, 2821, 29871, 13, 12, 5747, 29871, 13, 12, 1552, 5455, 395, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29938, 947, 451, 7910, 278, 7426, 310, 1269, 740, 29871, 13, 12, 29938, 1194, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 6622, 20344, 29876, 29905, 262, 29905, 3141, 29912, 25394, 4678, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 1262, 13, 12, 29898, 1366, 7426, 338, 5186, 304, 25984, 2589, 29989, 18724, 13, 13, 12, 1349, 375, 29892, 2893, 9215, 29871, 13, 12, 4535, 1631, 29918, 29876, 1194, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 1262, 411, 779, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 29938, 313, 4716, 3732, 4060, 363, 4343, 395, 29885, 29938, 322, 395, 29876, 29938, 13, 12, 16961, 3307, 511, 591, 1122, 1827, 393, 1269, 13, 12, 4535, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 29938, 338, 22619, 1090, 395, 29911, 29918, 29876, 1504, 29871, 13, 12, 10454, 591, 508, 6356, 29871, 13, 12, 1194, 999, 29912, 29888, 29929, 1800, 13, 12, 392, 3441, 999, 29912, 29888, 29896, 29900, 1800, 4208, 29889, 13, 13, 12, 13696, 1241, 278, 2910, 779, 9099, 29905, 517, 29905, 3141, 29912, 25394, 4678, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 1262, 3342, 408, 13, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 12, 29888, 1665, 1563, 29961, 302, 320, 1266, 29962, 4678, 2892, 1125, 2013, 1631, 29918, 29876, 29898, 29888, 3823, 6034, 29897, 1194, 2892, 3892, 29888, 3311, 6034, 29913, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 1563, 29898, 320, 1154, 741, 2892, 29918, 29896, 29913, 29876, 2053, 1154, 741, 2892, 29918, 29906, 29913, 29876, 2053, 7778, 2053, 1154, 741, 2892, 1665, 514, 1194, 2892, 21345, 29876, 29892, 29900, 29892, 29900, 2053, 7778, 320, 1266, 20481, 3425, 13, 12, 12, 29905, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 2053, 285, 29905, 262, 29905, 9099, 29889, 13, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 4013, 338, 278, 24345, 310, 385, 1543, 395, 29888, 3311, 6034, 1012, 262, 315, 1194, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1262, 304, 13, 12, 4535, 29875, 4616, 29918, 29876, 1194, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 2144, 6484, 320, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1504, 13, 12, 12024, 395, 29954, 29918, 29879, 29905, 17308, 29905, 9099, 29905, 517, 29905, 9099, 29938, 363, 599, 395, 29879, 29958, 29900, 29938, 367, 385, 3345, 28611, 310, 278, 9623, 3342, 29871, 13, 12, 265, 967, 8405, 408, 13, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 12, 29954, 29918, 29879, 29905, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 29922, 29879, 998, 4295, 2589, 29989, 1012, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 2053, 12014, 320, 2589, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 1836, 13, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 2951, 278, 3632, 23724, 4163, 310, 7426, 13, 12, 29938, 29895, 1628, 395, 29895, 29922, 29900, 29892, 29896, 29892, 29906, 2053, 7778, 29938, 445, 3345, 28611, 13, 12, 9313, 778, 304, 21666, 491, 278, 1353, 13, 12, 29938, 29879, 29985, 29895, 1504, 29905, 20273, 29912, 1576, 3632, 23724, 4163, 310, 7426, 395, 29895, 29938, 297, 278, 9623, 779, 9099, 29938, 13, 12, 3200, 2879, 310, 599, 3632, 23724, 18348, 3168, 13, 12, 974, 7426, 395, 29895, 1504, 910, 731, 338, 278, 5608, 10638, 13, 12, 974, 278, 3161, 13, 12, 4535, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 1628, 25984, 2589, 29989, 29922, 29895, 1504, 29913, 13, 13, 12, 8439, 1079, 29892, 591, 505, 278, 1494, 4603, 363, 13, 12, 29938, 29888, 29918, 29876, 1628, 988, 395, 29888, 29905, 262, 29905, 9099, 21063, 13, 12, 29905, 463 ]	99	16,384	ArXiv	-1	-1
{equation}\label{f11} f_n(\lambda)=(G_nf)_{\left[ n \right]}(\lambda),\qquad \lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n. \end{equation} Indeed, since $\iota_n(\mathbb{K}_n)\subset\nabla_\infty$, it follows that for all $g\in\Lambda$ and $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n$ the value $g^\circ(\iota_n(\lambda))=g_{\left[ n \right]}(\lambda)$ is equal to the formal evaluation of the element $g\in\Lambda$ on the coordinates of the point $\iota_n(\lambda)=(\lambda_1/n,\dots,\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}/n,0,0,\dots)\in\nabla_\infty$ (see Remark \ref{p5.1.5} below). In \S\ref{s2} we pointed out that the homogeneous component of maximal degree of $\mathbf{m}_\mu^$ is $\mathbf{m}_\mu$. Thus, for all $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ we have \begin{equation} \lim_{n\to\infty}n^{-\|\mu\|}G_n\mathbf{m}_\mu^=\mathbf{m}_\mu. \end{equation} Now, to conclude the proof of the Lemma, express each function of the form $f_n(\lambda)$ in the formula for $(T_n-{\bf1})(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n$ from Proposition \ref{p3.1} in terms of (\ref{f11}). It remains to multiply the result by $n^{-\|\mu\|}$ and take the limit as $n\to\infty$. \end{proof} Note that the functions $\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ$, $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ are not linearly independent. However, from the proof of the Lemma it follows that the operator $A$ is well-defined by (\ref{f10}). Now proceed to the convergence of discrete semigroups $\{ {\bf1},T_n,T_n^2,\dots \}$ to a {\em{}conservative Markov semigroup\/} $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ in the Banach space $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ constructed using the operator $A$. Recall that a conservative Markov semigroup is a strongly continuous semigroup of contraction operators in $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ preserving positive functions and the constant $1$. We use the definition from \cite[Chapter 1, Section 6]{EK2} to introduce strict sense to the concept of convergence of discrete semigroups to a continuous one: \begin{df}\label{p4.2}\rm{} We say that a sequence of functions $\{f_n\in \mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)\}$ converges to a function $f\in C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ if $\\|f_n-\pi_n(f)\\|_n\to0$ as $n\to\infty$. Here $\\|\cdot\\|_n$ is the supremum norm of the space $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$. In this case we write $f_n\to f$. \end{df} To establish a convergence of the semigroups $\{ {\bf1},T_n,T_n^2,\dots\}$ to $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ one must perform a natural scaling of time: one step of the $n$th Markov chain corresponds to a small time interval of order $n^{-2}$. This convergence is established in \begin{prop}\label{p4.3} {\rm{}(1)\/} The operator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$ defined in Lemma $\ref{p4.1}$ is closable in the space $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$; {\rm{}(2)\/} The closure $\overline A$ of the operator $A$ generates	0.483926	-0.919777	0.739689	2.345521	[ 0.2579294821122526, 0.7099223736818434 ]	[ -1.1874755632572302, -0.6520776174456243 ]	[ 0.4251953053579147, 1.0541830796532135 ]	[ 2.1166000179089077, 2.5744411851214153 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29912, 2573, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29888, 29896, 29896, 29913, 13, 12, 12, 29888, 29918, 29876, 1194, 2892, 3892, 29898, 29954, 29918, 29876, 29888, 29897, 1665, 1563, 29961, 302, 320, 1266, 29962, 4678, 2892, 20481, 12014, 320, 2892, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 29889, 13, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 29913, 13, 12, 2568, 12613, 29892, 1951, 779, 29875, 4616, 29918, 29876, 1194, 1995, 29912, 29968, 2403, 29876, 2144, 6484, 29905, 8511, 3187, 3411, 1628, 372, 4477, 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a conservative Markov semigroup $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ in $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$; {\rm{}(3)\/} Discrete semigroups $\{{\bf1},T_n,T_n^2,\dots\}$ converge, as $n\to\infty$, to the semigroup $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ in the following sense: \begin{equation} T_n^{[ n^2t ]}\pi_n(f)\to T(t)f\quad\mbox{for all $f\in C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$} \end{equation} (the limit in understood according to Definition \ref{p4.2}) for all $t\ge0$ uniformly on bounded intervals. \end{prop} This Proposition can be proved similarly to \cite[Proposition 1.4]{BO} and follows from the convergence of the generators (Lemma \ref{p4.1}). The proof uses general statements \cite[Chapter 1, Theorem 6.5]{EK2} and \cite[Chapter 1, Lemma 2.11]{EK2}. Next, it directly follows from \cite[Chapter 4, Theorem 2.7]{EK2} that $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ is a semigroup corresponding to a strong Markov process with c\`adl\`ag sample paths which can start from any point and any probability distribution. We will call the operator $A$ the {\em{}pre-generator\/} of both the semigroup $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ and the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$. Thus, for every pair of parameters $\alpha$, $\theta$ of principal series we have constructed a Markov process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ which can start from any point and any probability distribution. \subsection{Some properties of the process in the simplex}\label{s4.2} In this subsection we formulate and comment the properties of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ which are similar to the ones stated in \cite{BO}. First, we formulate the properties of the process that directly follow from its construction as a limit of finite Markov chains $T_n$ preserving measures $M_n$ on $\mathbb{K}_n$. To prove them we use the convergence of measures $M_n$ (the Kingman theorem, \S\ref{s2.3}) and the properties of the up/down chains (\S\ref{s1.2}). {\bf{}Invariant measure\/} (Cf. \cite[Proposition 1.6]{BO}). {\em{}The Poisson-Dirichlet distribution $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$ is an invariant measure for the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$\/}. This follows from the fact that each chain $T_n$ preserves the measure $M_n$. {\bf{}Reversibility of the process\/} (Cf. \cite[Proposition 1.7 and Theorem 7.3 (2)]{BO}). {\em{}The process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ is reversible with respect to the measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$\/}. This follows from the fact that each chain $T_n$ is reversible with respect to $M_n$. {\bf{}Convergence of finite-dimensional distributions\/} (Cf. \cite[Propo\-sition 1.8]{BO}). {\em{}Let $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ and all the chains $T_n$ are viewed in equilibrium (that is, starting from the invariant distribution). Then the finite-dimensional distributions for the $n$th chain converge, as $n\to\infty$, to the corresponding finite-dimensional distributions of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$. Here we assume a natural scaling of time described before Proposition \ref{p4.3}\/}. We proceed to the properties that follow from the expression (\ref{f10}) for the pre-generator $A$ of	0.631851	-0.309956	0.973023	2.147816	[ 0.5428219713439948, 0.7208797771138336 ]	[ -0.3458801300416624, -0.27403115821660995 ]	[ 0.8107039412163236, 1.1353427924655102 ]	[ 2.241465790785046, 2.0541671314708383 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 13, 12, 29874, 8976, 1230, 4485, 586, 3031, 4481, 1132, 12564, 29911, 29898, 29873, 2144, 3227, 29873, 29905, 479, 29900, 1042, 297, 395, 29907, 1194, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1262, 29936, 13, 13, 12, 741, 1758, 29912, 2119, 29941, 2144, 29914, 29913, 3295, 9084, 3031, 4481, 4410, 12564, 741, 1635, 29896, 1118, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29892, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29985, 29906, 2053, 7778, 11854, 5486, 479, 29892, 408, 395, 29876, 29905, 517, 29905, 3411, 1628, 13, 12, 517, 278, 3031, 4481, 1132, 12564, 29911, 29898, 29873, 2144, 3227, 29873, 29905, 479, 29900, 1042, 297, 278, 1494, 4060, 29901, 13, 12, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 12, 29911, 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the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$. {\bf{} The spectrum of the Markov generator in $L^2\big(\overline{\nabla}_\infty,\pd{\alpha}{\theta}\big)$.\/} {\em{}The pre-generator $A$ acts in the space $\mathcal{F}\cong\La^\circ$. Define an inner product in it: \begin{equation} (f,g)_{\pd{\alpha}{\theta}}:=\int_{\overline{\nabla}_\infty}f(x)g(x)\,\pd{\alpha}{\theta}(dx). \end{equation} Then the space $\La^\circ$ can be decomposed into the orthogonal direct sum of eigenspaces of the operator $A$. The spectrum of the operator $A$ looks as follows: \begin{equation} \left\{ 0 \right\}\cup\left\{ -\sigma_m\colon m=2,3,\dots \right\},\qquad \sigma_m=m(m-1+\theta). \end{equation} The eigenvalue $0$ is simple and the multiplicity of each $-\sigma_m$ is the number of partitions of $m$ without parts equal to 1\/}. The existence of such a decomposition of $\La^\circ$ follows from the fact that the pre-generator $A$ is symmetric (see the reversibility property above) and preserves the filtration $\{\mathcal{F}^m\}$ of the space $\mathcal{F}\cong\La^\circ$ (see (\ref{f10})). The fact that the operator $A$ is triangle in the basis $\{\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ\}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K},\;\kr{\mu}1=0}$ (compatible with the filtration $\{\mathcal{F}^m\}$) implies the facts about the eigenstructure. {\bf{}The uniqueness of the invariant measure.\/} {\em{}The measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$ is a unique invariant measure for the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$\/}. This can be proved similar to \cite[Theorem 7.3 (1)]{BO}. {\bf{}Ergodicity.\/} {\em{}The process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ is ergodic with respect to the measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$, that is, \begin{equation} \lim_{t\to+\infty}\Big\\|T(t)f-\int_{\overline{\nabla}_\infty}f(x)\,\pd{\alpha}{\theta}(dx)\Big\\|=0\quad\mbox{for all $f\in C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$}, \end{equation} where $\\|\cdot\\|$ is the supremum norm of the space $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$\/}. This follows from the existence of a spectral gap of the process' generator, see the eigenstructure above. A detailed proof is given in \cite[Theorem 7.3 (3)]{BO}. \section{The pre-generator of the process in the simplex as a differential operator}\label{s5} This section performs a more detailed study of the properties of the pre-generator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$ defined in Lemma \ref{p4.1}. In \S\ref{s5.1} and \S\ref{s5.2} we assume the parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ to be of principal series, and in \S\ref{s5.4} we study degenerate values of them. \subsection{Pre-generator in natural coordinates}\label{s5.1} Recall that the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ has the generator $\overline A$ (the closure of the pre-generator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$). The algebra $\mathcal{F}\cong\La^\circ$ is defined in \S\ref{s2}, and the operator $A$ is given by (\ref{f10}) in the basis $\{\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ\}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K},\;\kr{\mu}1=0}$. It turns out that in this basis the operator $A$ can be written as a second order differential operator in natural coordinates $x_	0.692117	-0.460033	0.998386	2.106195	[ 0.9674213543336104, 0.4168118318761088 ]	[ -0.0728092713919303, -0.8472561328083836 ]	[ 1.3483870385977887, 0.6483845155917304 ]	[ 2.262276752931069, 1.9501123207407232 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 278, 1889, 779, 29916, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 2119, 29873, 4935, 13, 13, 741, 1635, 8875, 450, 18272, 310, 278, 4485, 586, 15299, 297, 395, 29931, 29985, 29906, 29905, 3752, 1194, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 2053, 15926, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 1012, 3752, 4935, 25558, 29913, 13, 741, 331, 8875, 1576, 758, 29899, 27959, 395, 29909, 29938, 14741, 297, 278, 2913, 779, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1012, 21015, 29905, 5661, 3823, 6034, 1504, 13, 3206, 457, 385, 6426, 3234, 297, 372, 29901, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29898, 29888, 29892, 29887, 29897, 1665, 15926, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 930, 29901, 2013, 524, 1665, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29913, 29888, 29898, 29916, 29897, 29887, 29898, 29916, 2144, 2053, 15926, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 2119, 8235, 467, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 11760, 278, 2913, 13, 4535, 5661, 3823, 6034, 29938, 29871, 13, 3068, 367, 17753, 4752, 964, 278, 28143, 1513, 2533, 13, 974, 15761, 575, 22459, 310, 278, 5455, 395, 29909, 1504, 13, 1576, 18272, 310, 278, 5455, 395, 29909, 29938, 3430, 408, 4477, 29901, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29905, 1563, 10045, 29871, 29900, 320, 1266, 25848, 5231, 29905, 1563, 10045, 11995, 3754, 29918, 29885, 29905, 17308, 286, 29922, 29906, 29892, 29941, 2053, 7778, 320, 1266, 29905, 7570, 12014, 29871, 13, 12, 29905, 3754, 29918, 29885, 29922, 29885, 29898, 29885, 29899, 29896, 3124, 3416, 467, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 1576, 7388, 1767, 395, 29900, 29938, 338, 2560, 13, 392, 278, 6674, 17024, 310, 1269, 395, 2612, 3754, 29918, 29885, 29938, 29871, 13, 275, 278, 1353, 13, 974, 23629, 310, 395, 29885, 29938, 13, 14037, 5633, 5186, 304, 29871, 29896, 25558, 1836, 13, 13, 1576, 10379, 310, 1316, 263, 26227, 310, 779, 5661, 3823, 6034, 29938, 4477, 515, 29871, 13, 1552, 2114, 393, 278, 758, 29899, 27959, 395, 29909, 29938, 338, 18348, 313, 4149, 278, 18764, 4127, 2875, 2038, 29897, 13, 392, 2225, 20098, 278, 977, 509, 362, 29871, 13, 4535, 741, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 11854, 310, 278, 2913, 779, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1012, 21015, 29905, 5661, 3823, 6034, 29938, 13, 29898, 4149, 3441, 999, 29912, 29888, 29896, 29900, 1800, 467, 13, 1576, 2114, 393, 278, 5455, 395, 29909, 29938, 338, 17205, 13, 262, 278, 8405, 13, 4535, 741, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 3823, 6034, 29905, 6353, 2589, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 7570, 10436, 12748, 741, 2589, 29913, 29896, 29922, 29900, 1042, 13, 29898, 23712, 411, 278, 977, 509, 362, 779, 741, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2137, 29885, 11854, 29897, 13, 21304, 278, 17099, 1048, 278, 7388, 23905, 29889, 29871, 13, 13, 741, 1635, 8875, 1576, 20498, 18543, 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29912, 1454, 599, 395, 29888, 29905, 262, 315, 1194, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1262, 1118, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 3062, 779, 4295, 3822, 7893, 29938, 338, 278, 22747, 29885, 398, 6056, 310, 278, 2913, 395, 29907, 1194, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1262, 25558, 1836, 13, 13, 4013, 4477, 515, 278, 10379, 310, 263, 23161, 17261, 29871, 13, 974, 278, 1889, 29915, 15299, 29892, 1074, 278, 7388, 23905, 2038, 29889, 13, 29909, 13173, 5296, 338, 2183, 297, 320, 2036, 29961, 28831, 29871, 29955, 29889, 29941, 313, 29941, 29897, 3199, 8456, 1836, 29871, 13, 13, 29905, 2042, 29912, 1576, 758, 29899, 27959, 310, 278, 1889, 297, 278, 2560, 29916, 13, 294, 263, 16712, 5455, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29879, 29945, 29913, 13, 4013, 4004, 23233, 263, 901, 13173, 6559, 310, 278, 13, 11330, 310, 278, 758, 29899, 27959, 395, 29909, 29905, 17308, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1012, 517, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1042, 13, 12119, 297, 11894, 320, 999, 29912, 29886, 29946, 29889, 29896, 1836, 13, 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395, 29909, 29938, 338, 2183, 491, 3441, 999, 29912, 29888, 29896, 29900, 1800, 13, 262, 278, 8405, 13, 4535, 741, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 3823, 6034, 29905, 6353, 2589, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 7570, 10436, 12748, 741, 2589, 29913, 29896, 29922, 29900, 4311, 13, 3112, 12169, 714, 393, 297, 445, 8405, 278, 5455, 395, 29909, 29938, 508, 367, 29871, 13, 17625, 408, 263, 1473, 1797, 16712, 5455, 29871, 13, 262, 5613, 10350, 13, 29938, 29916, 29918 ]	99	19,456	ArXiv	-1	-1
1,x_2,\dots$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. First, let us express the functions $\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ(x)$ in these coordinates. \begin{prop}\label{p5.1} For all $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ such that $\kr{\mu}{1}=0$ the function $\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ(x)$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ can be written as \begin{equation} \mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ(x)=\sum_{i_1,\dots,i_{\ell(\mu)}} x_{i_1}^{\mu_1}\dots x_{i_{\ell(\mu)}}^{\mu_{\ell(\mu)}},\qquad x=(x_1,x_2,\dots)\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty, \end{equation} where the sum is taken over all pairwise distinct indexes $i_1,\dots,i_{\ell(\mu)}$ from one to infinity. \end{prop} Note that if $\kr{\mu}{1}>0$ and $\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i<1$, then this statement is false. \begin{proof} The Proposition follows from a more general result by S.~Kerov \cite{Ke}. This result allows to evaluate any function of the form $\mathbf{m}_\lambda^\circ$, $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$ at any point $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. By $f(x_1,x_2,\dots)$ denote the formal evaluation of the element $f\in\Lambda$ at the point $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. Let $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$, $\kr{\lambda}{1}=r\ge0$. Then \begin{equation} \mathbf{m}_\lambda^\circ(x)=\sum_{k=0}^{r}C_r^k\big(\gamma(x)\big)^k\mathbf{m}_{\lambda-k\cdot\square(1)}(x_1,x_2,\dots),\qquad x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty. \end{equation} Here $\mathbf{m}_\lambda^\circ(x)$ is the value of the function $\mathbf{m}_\lambda^\circ$ at the point $x$ (this value was constructed in \S\ref{s2} using the factorization of the algebra $\Lambda$); $\gamma(x)=1-\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i$; and $\lambda-k\cdot\square(1)$ is the diagram obtained from $\lambda$ by deleting $k$ one-box rows. It is clear that the Proposition is a special case of this formula. \end{proof} \begin{note}\label{p5.1.5}\rm{} It follows from the proof that the function $g^{\circ}(x)$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ for every element $g$ from the (non-factorized) algebra $\Lambda$ can be constructed not only using the factorization of $\Lambda$ (as explained in \S\ref{s2}). This can also be done directly. Namely, for every point $x\in\nabla_\infty$ (for which $\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i=1$) we set $g^\circ(x)$ to be the formal evaluation of the symmetric function $g\in\Lambda$ at the coordinates of the point $x=(x_1,x_2,\dots)$. We then extend the function $g^{\circ}(x)$ to the whole simplex $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ by continuity. This method is suggested by the comment after the formula \cite[(2.10)]{EK1}. \end{note} Now it is not hard to compute the pre-generator $A$ in natural coordinates. Let $D$ denote the following formal expression: \begin{equation}\label{f12} D=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i^2}- \sum_{i,j=1}^{\infty}x_ix_j\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i\partial x_	0.040151	-0.99946	0.346572	1.996937	[ -0.047508138554471, 0.12781031635737033 ]	[ -1.087200362703886, -0.9117187617355335 ]	[ 0.3288181463933125, 0.3643255207486923 ]	[ 2.012545207178792, 1.9813287639597577 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29896, 29892, 29916, 29918, 29906, 2053, 7778, 29938, 373, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1504, 13, 6730, 29892, 1235, 502, 4653, 278, 3168, 13, 4535, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 3823, 6034, 29898, 29916, 1262, 297, 1438, 10350, 29889, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 7728, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29886, 29945, 29889, 29896, 29913, 13, 12, 2831, 599, 13, 12, 4535, 2589, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 1042, 1316, 393, 779, 12748, 741, 2589, 1157, 29896, 5369, 29900, 29938, 278, 740, 13, 12, 4535, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 3823, 6034, 29898, 29916, 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29875, 22073, 322, 779, 2892, 29899, 29895, 29905, 3822, 29905, 17619, 29898, 29896, 1262, 338, 13, 12, 1552, 13722, 7625, 515, 779, 2892, 29938, 491, 21228, 395, 29895, 29938, 697, 29899, 1884, 4206, 29889, 13, 13, 12, 3112, 338, 2821, 393, 278, 22206, 338, 263, 4266, 1206, 310, 445, 7063, 29889, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 8017, 29913, 12, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 6812, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29886, 29945, 29889, 29896, 29889, 29945, 1012, 1758, 8875, 13, 12, 3112, 4477, 515, 278, 5296, 393, 29871, 13, 12, 1552, 740, 395, 29887, 3311, 6034, 2119, 29916, 1262, 373, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 13, 12, 1454, 1432, 1543, 395, 29887, 29938, 515, 278, 313, 5464, 29899, 19790, 1891, 29897, 9623, 779, 9099, 29938, 13, 12, 3068, 367, 13319, 29871, 13, 12, 1333, 871, 773, 278, 7329, 2133, 310, 779, 9099, 29938, 313, 294, 10824, 297, 320, 29903, 29905, 999, 29912, 29879, 29906, 7690, 13, 12, 4013, 508, 884, 367, 2309, 4153, 29889, 13, 12, 29940, 314, 873, 29892, 363, 1432, 1298, 29871, 13, 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5613, 10350, 29889, 13, 12024, 395, 29928, 29938, 13530, 278, 1494, 11595, 4603, 29901, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29888, 29896, 29906, 29913, 13, 12, 29928, 2013, 2083, 648, 29875, 29922, 29896, 6292, 3411, 29913, 29916, 29918, 29875, 29905, 1154, 741, 3846, 29985, 29906, 3331, 3846, 921, 29918, 29875, 29985, 29906, 7402, 13, 12, 29905, 2083, 648, 29875, 29892, 29926, 29922, 29896, 6292, 3411, 29913, 29916, 29918, 861, 29918, 29926, 29905, 1154, 741, 3846, 29985, 29906, 3331, 3846, 921, 29918, 29875, 29905, 3846, 921, 29918 ]	99	20,480	ArXiv	-1	-1
j}- \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}(\theta x_i+\alpha)\frac{\partial}{\partial x_i}. \end{equation} It can be easily checked (using Proposition \ref{p5.1}) that for all $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ for which $\kr{\mu}1=0$ we have \begin{equation} D\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ=A\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ=-\|\mu\|(\|\mu\|-1+\theta)\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ+ \sum_{\textstyle\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{c=1}{\mu_c\ge2}}^{\ell(\mu)} \mu_c(\mu_c-1-\alpha)\mathbf{m}^\circ_{\mu-\square(\mu_c)}. \end{equation} It follows that $Df=Af$ for all $f\in\mathcal{F}\subset C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$. Therefore, the formula (\ref{f0.2}) from Introduction is justified. \begin{note}\rm{}\label{p5.2} The RHS of (\ref{f12}) can be understood in two equivalent ways as follows. Let $f\in\mathcal{F}$ and we want to compute $Df=Af$. Then we can either (1) express $f$ as a linear combination of vectors of the basis $\{\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ\}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K},\;\kr{\mu}1=0}$ for the algebra $\mathcal{F}$, and then apply the operator $D=A$ to each $\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ$ separately; or (2) compute $Af(x)$ first for $x\in\nabla_\infty$ directly applying to $f$ the RHS of (\ref{f12}), and then extend $Af(x)$ to the whole $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ by continuity (cf. this method with Remark \ref{p5.1.5}). \end{note} \begin{note}\rm{}\label{p5.3} One might want to apply $D$ (the RHS of (\ref{f12})) to functions $f$ not in $\mathcal{F}$. However, if for a function $f\in C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ the expression $Df$ has a meaning, it is unevident that $f$ enters the domain of the generator $\overline A$. It is even less evident that the expression $Df$ coincides with $\overline Af$. Consider an example $f=x_1+\frac\alpha\theta$, $\theta\ne0$. It is clear that $Df=-\theta f$. Had the equality $Df=\overline Af$ held, then $f$ would be an eigenfunction of the generator $\overline A$ corresponding to the eigenvalue $-\theta$. Since $f\in L^2\big(\overline{\nabla}_\infty,\pd{\alpha}{\theta}\big)$ and $-\theta$ is not an eigenvalue of $\overline A$ in this space (see \S\ref{s4.2}), we get a contraction. As shown in the paper \cite{Schm}, in the case $\alpha=0$ the function $f=x_1$ enters the domain of the Dirichlet form corresponding to the operator $\overline A$ (and, therefore, the domain of the operator $\overline A^{1/2}$). Putting aside the question whether the function $f=x_1+\frac\alpha\theta$ (and, therefore, the coordinate function $x_1$) enters the domain of $\overline A$, we conclude that the equality $Df=\overline Af$ is impossible. This argument explains the following seeming paradox. If we treat the RHS of (\ref{f12}) as a generator of a diffusion process (similarly to the finite-dimensional situation), then the drift vector at the point $x=(0,0,\dots	-0.133113	-1.509789	-0.018013	1.788827	[ -0.4584107672540991, 0.1921850615203121 ]	[ -1.946702081732551, -1.072875334053408 ]	[ -0.288756543287757, 0.25273091563178446 ]	[ 1.7420026992804922, 1.8356520289375962 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29926, 7402, 13, 12, 29905, 2083, 648, 29875, 29922, 29896, 6292, 3411, 4678, 3416, 921, 29918, 29875, 3124, 2312, 2144, 1154, 741, 3846, 3331, 3846, 921, 29918, 29875, 1836, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 29913, 13, 3112, 508, 367, 5948, 7120, 313, 4746, 22206, 320, 999, 29912, 29886, 29945, 29889, 29896, 1800, 13, 5747, 363, 599, 13, 4535, 2589, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 1042, 363, 607, 779, 12748, 741, 2589, 29913, 29896, 29922, 29900, 29938, 591, 505, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29928, 29905, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 3823, 6034, 29922, 29909, 29905, 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29906, 29913, 13, 12, 1576, 390, 14851, 310, 3441, 999, 29912, 29888, 29896, 29906, 1800, 13, 12, 3068, 367, 11098, 297, 1023, 7126, 5837, 408, 4477, 29889, 13, 12, 12024, 395, 29888, 29905, 262, 29905, 1942, 29912, 29943, 1042, 322, 591, 864, 304, 10272, 13, 12, 29938, 29928, 29888, 29922, 29909, 29888, 1504, 1987, 591, 508, 2845, 13, 13, 12, 29898, 29896, 29897, 4653, 395, 29888, 29938, 408, 263, 5608, 10296, 310, 12047, 310, 278, 8405, 13, 12, 4535, 741, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 3823, 6034, 29905, 6353, 2589, 29905, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29968, 7570, 10436, 12748, 741, 2589, 29913, 29896, 29922, 29900, 1042, 13, 12, 1454, 278, 9623, 779, 1942, 29912, 29943, 4429, 13, 12, 392, 769, 3394, 278, 5455, 395, 29928, 29922, 29909, 29938, 304, 1269, 779, 2762, 29912, 29885, 12806, 2589, 3823, 6034, 29938, 16949, 29936, 470, 13, 12, 13, 12, 29898, 29906, 29897, 10272, 395, 29909, 29888, 29898, 29916, 1262, 937, 363, 395, 29916, 29905, 262, 29905, 8511, 3187, 3411, 29938, 13, 12, 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12, 296, 414, 278, 5354, 310, 278, 15299, 779, 6875, 319, 1504, 13, 12, 3112, 338, 1584, 3109, 13602, 393, 278, 4603, 29871, 13, 12, 29938, 29928, 29888, 29938, 22819, 2247, 411, 779, 6875, 10393, 1504, 13, 13, 12, 13696, 1241, 385, 1342, 395, 29888, 29922, 29916, 29918, 29896, 3124, 1154, 29905, 2312, 29905, 3416, 1628, 779, 3416, 29905, 484, 29900, 1504, 739, 338, 2821, 393, 395, 29928, 29888, 29922, 2612, 3416, 285, 1504, 13, 12, 29950, 328, 278, 17193, 13, 12, 29938, 29928, 29888, 2013, 6875, 10393, 29938, 4934, 29892, 29871, 13, 12, 6098, 395, 29888, 29938, 723, 367, 385, 7388, 2220, 310, 278, 15299, 29871, 13, 12, 4535, 6875, 319, 29938, 6590, 304, 278, 7388, 1767, 13, 12, 29938, 2612, 3416, 1504, 4001, 13, 12, 29938, 29888, 29905, 262, 365, 29985, 29906, 29905, 3752, 1194, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 2053, 15926, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 1012, 3752, 1262, 13, 12, 392, 395, 2612, 3416, 29938, 29871, 13, 12, 275, 451, 385, 7388, 1767, 310, 29871, 13, 12, 4535, 6875, 319, 29938, 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29871, 13, 12, 13, 12, 4013, 2980, 18568, 278, 1494, 2833, 292, 610, 912, 29916, 29889, 13, 12, 3644, 591, 7539, 278, 390, 14851, 310, 3441, 999, 29912, 29888, 29896, 29906, 1800, 13, 12, 294, 263, 15299, 310, 263, 23253, 1889, 13, 12, 29898, 29764, 368, 304, 278, 8093, 29899, 12531, 6434, 511, 13, 12, 6098, 278, 4192, 2027, 4608, 13, 12, 271, 278, 1298, 13, 12, 29938, 29916, 7607, 29900, 29892, 29900, 2053, 7778 ]	99	21,504	ArXiv	-1	-1
)$ is equal to $(-\alpha,-\alpha,\dots)$ and therefore is directed ``away'' from the simplex $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. But the action of the generator $\overline A$ on the coordinate functions $x_1,x_2,\dots$ is known not to be given by the RHS of (\ref{f12}). It follows that in our situation the coefficients of the first-degree derivatives in (\ref{f12}) cannot be interpreted as components of the drift vector. \end{note} \subsection{The pre-generator in moment coordinates}\label{s5.2} First, recall the following definition. Suppose we have a commutative algebra. We say that every operator of multiplication by an element of the algebra has zero order. We say that an operator $Q$ has order $n$ if the commutator of $Q$ with any operator of multiplication by an element of the algebra has order $n-1$. \begin{lemma}\label{p5.4} The pre-generator $A$ is a second order operator in the algebra $\mathcal{F}$. \end{lemma} \begin{proof} We must show that \begin{equation}\label{f19} \left[\big[[A,H_1],H_2\big],H_3\right]f(x)=0 \end{equation} for all $h_1,h_2,h_3,f\in\mathcal{F}$ and $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$, where by $H_j$ we denote the operator of multiplication by $h_j$, $j=1,2,3$. From Remark \ref{p5.2} (2) it follows that (\ref{f19}) holds for every $x\in\nabla_\infty$. Indeed, in this case the operator $A$ acts according to the RHS of (\ref{f12}), and due to the linearity it remains to refer to the fact that $\left[ \left[ \left[ \partial^2/\partial x_i\partial x_j,H_1 \right],H_2 \right],H_3 \right]f(x)=0$ and $\left[ \left[ \left[ \partial/\partial x_i,H_1 \right],H_2 \right],H_3 \right]f(x)=0$ for all $1\le i,j<\infty$. For a general $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ the claim (\ref{f19}) holds by continuity. \end{proof} Now, the moment coordinates $q_1,q_2,\dots$ are algebraically independent generators of the algebra $\mathcal{F}$ and the operator $A$ has second order in $\mathcal{F}$. Therefore, the action of $A$ on $\mathcal{F}$ is completely determined by the elements $A1$, $Aq_i$, $A(q_iq_j)$, $i,j=1,2,\dots$. It is clear that $q_iq_j=q_{i+j+1}+\mathbf{m}^\circ_{(i+1,j+1)}$, $i\ge j$. Using (\ref{f10}), we find \begin{equation} \left. \begin{array}{lcl} \displaystyle A1&=& 0,\\\displaystyle Aq_i&=& -(i+1)(i+\theta)q_i+(i+1)(i-\alpha)q_{i-1};\\\displaystyle A(q_iq_j)&=& q_iAq_j+q_jAq_i+2(i+1)(j+1)(q_{i+j}-q_iq_j), \end{array} \right. \end{equation} where, by agreement, $q_0=1$. Using the ``basis'' formal differential operators $\partial/\partial q_i$ and $\partial^2/\partial q_i\partial q_j$ in the algebra $\mathcal{F}=\mathbb{R	-0.224539	-1.302076	0.073926	1.913693	[ -0.1625608745903669, -0.28651650091475467 ]	[ -1.087200362703886, -1.5169512222182184 ]	[ 0.1157739002610339, 0.03207794642335302 ]	[ 1.8356520289375962, 1.9917342450327693 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 1262, 338, 5186, 304, 13, 12, 12330, 2612, 2312, 29892, 2612, 2312, 2053, 7778, 1262, 322, 5480, 13, 12, 275, 10624, 4954, 21694, 4907, 515, 278, 2560, 29916, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1504, 13, 12, 6246, 278, 3158, 310, 278, 15299, 779, 6875, 319, 29938, 13, 12, 265, 278, 14821, 3168, 13, 12, 29938, 29916, 29918, 29896, 29892, 29916, 29918, 29906, 2053, 7778, 29938, 29871, 13, 12, 275, 2998, 451, 304, 367, 2183, 491, 278, 390, 14851, 310, 13, 12, 1194, 999, 29912, 29888, 29896, 29906, 7690, 29871, 13, 12, 3112, 4477, 393, 297, 1749, 6434, 278, 29871, 13, 12, 1111, 8462, 29879, 310, 278, 937, 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}\left[ q_1,q_2,\dots \right]$, we can write \begin{equation}\label{f15}\begin{array}{rcl}\displaystyle A&=&\displaystyle \sum_{i,j=1}^{\infty}(i+1)(j+1)(q_{i+j}-q_iq_j)\frac{\partial^2}{\partial q_i\partial q_j} \\&&\displaystyle\qquad+ \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left[ -(i+1)(i+\theta)q_i+(i+1)(i-\alpha)q_{i-1} \right]\frac{\partial}{\partial q_i}. \end{array} \end{equation} This form of the operator $A$ allows to show that almost all sample paths of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ are continuous. This can be proved similarly to \cite[Corollary 6.4 and Theorem 7.1]{BO}. \subsection{Degenerate values of parameters}\label{s5.4} Let us make mention what happens when the parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ are of degenerate series (see \S\ref{s1.3} for the definition). Consider the finite-dimensional ordered simplex \begin{equation} \nabla_N:=\left\{ (x_1,\dots,x_N)\in\mathbb{R^N} \colon x_1\ge\dots\ge x_N\ge0,\;\sum_{i=1}^{N}x_i=1 \right\},\quad N=2,3,\dots. \end{equation} We can view $\nabla_N$ as a subset in $\nabla_\infty\subset\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. The measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$ is concentrated on $\nabla_\infty\subset\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ for all values of $\alpha$ and $\theta$ of principal or degenerate series. \begin{prop}[{\cite[p. 62]{Pi3}}]\label{p5.5} When $\alpha=-\beta<0$ and $\theta=N\beta$, the measure $\pd{-\beta}{N\beta}$ is concentrated on $\nabla_N\subset\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. It coincides with the measure on $\nabla_N$ that has the following density with respect to the Lebesgue measure: \begin{equation} \pd{-\beta}{N\beta}(dx)=\frac{N!\,\Gamma(N\beta)}{(\Gamma(\beta))^{N}}\, x_1^{\beta-1}\dots x_{N}^{\beta-1}dx_1\dots dx_{N-1}. \end{equation} Moreover, as $\beta\to+0$ and $N\to+\infty$ such that $N\beta\to\eta>0$, the following weak convergence of measures on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ holds: $\pd{-\beta}{N\beta}\to\pd{0}{\eta}$. \end{prop} It turns out that this result expands to the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. First, we recall the diffusion processes considered in the finite-dimensional simplex $\nabla_N$. We are interested in processes that are called {\em{}approximating diffusions for the Wright-Fisher genetic model with symmetric mutation\/} in \cite{EK1}. They were also studied in \cite{Wa1,Gr} and other papers. A detailed construction of more general finite-dimensional diffusions related to population genetics is explained in \cite[Chapter 10]{EK2}. Let $\mathcal{F}_N=\mathbb{R}\left[ q_1,\dots,q_{N-1} \right]$ be a commutative unital algebra freely generated by the moment coordinates on $\nabla_N$: $q_k(x)=\sum_{i=1}^{N}x_i^{k+1}$, $k=1,\dots,N-1$. It is clear that $\mathcal{F}_N\subset C(\nabla_N)$ is a dense subalgebra. For each parameter $\eta>0$	0.271284	-0.690576	0.440413	2.085384	[ -0.019429792259996415, 0.5619974273499774 ]	[ -1.0012501908010194, -0.37990207308654705 ]	[ 0.29838325408870126, 0.5824422489317395 ]	[ 1.9293013585947, 2.241465790785046 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 1012, 1563, 29961, 3855, 29918, 29896, 29892, 29939, 29918, 29906, 2053, 7778, 320, 1266, 25473, 591, 508, 2436, 29871, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29888, 29896, 29945, 1012, 463, 29912, 2378, 1157, 29878, 695, 1012, 15618, 13, 12, 29909, 20644, 11035, 15618, 29871, 13, 12, 29905, 2083, 648, 29875, 29892, 29926, 29922, 29896, 6292, 3411, 2119, 29875, 29974, 29896, 5033, 29926, 29974, 29896, 5033, 29939, 648, 29875, 29974, 29926, 7402, 29939, 29918, 29875, 29939, 29918, 29926, 2144, 1154, 741, 3846, 29985, 29906, 3331, 3846, 3855, 29918, 29875, 29905, 3846, 3855, 29918, 29926, 29913, 13, 12, 1966, 29987, 11035, 15618, 29905, 12014, 29974, 13, 12, 29905, 2083, 648, 29875, 29922, 29896, 6292, 3411, 1012, 1563, 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29879, 29896, 29889, 29941, 29913, 363, 278, 5023, 467, 13, 13696, 1241, 278, 8093, 29899, 12531, 10372, 2560, 29916, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 12, 29905, 8511, 29918, 29940, 29901, 2013, 1563, 10045, 313, 29916, 29918, 29896, 2053, 7778, 29892, 29916, 29918, 29940, 2144, 262, 29905, 1995, 29912, 29934, 29985, 29940, 29913, 13, 12, 29905, 17308, 921, 29918, 29896, 29905, 479, 29905, 7778, 29905, 479, 921, 29918, 29940, 29905, 479, 29900, 2053, 10436, 2083, 648, 29875, 29922, 29896, 2844, 29940, 29913, 29916, 29918, 29875, 29922, 29896, 320, 1266, 29905, 7570, 3425, 405, 29922, 29906, 29892, 29941, 2053, 7778, 29889, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 4806, 508, 1776, 779, 8511, 29918, 29940, 29938, 29871, 13, 294, 263, 11306, 297, 29871, 13, 4535, 8511, 3187, 3411, 29905, 6484, 29905, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1504, 13, 1576, 5645, 779, 15926, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 1042, 29871, 13, 275, 14953, 630, 373, 29871, 13, 4535, 8511, 3187, 3411, 29905, 6484, 29905, 6875, 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1194, 6642, 1194, 3571, 876, 998, 29940, 4229, 29892, 13, 12, 12, 29916, 29918, 29896, 3311, 3571, 29899, 29896, 1012, 7778, 921, 648, 29940, 6292, 3571, 29899, 29896, 29913, 8235, 29918, 29896, 29905, 7778, 15414, 648, 29940, 29899, 29896, 1836, 13, 12, 29905, 355, 29912, 2573, 4044, 13, 13, 12, 20761, 957, 29892, 408, 779, 3571, 29905, 517, 29974, 29900, 29938, 322, 395, 29940, 29905, 517, 3124, 3411, 29938, 1316, 393, 395, 29940, 29905, 3571, 29905, 517, 29905, 1187, 29958, 29900, 1628, 13, 12, 1552, 1494, 8062, 17221, 310, 15366, 373, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 29938, 8640, 29901, 13, 12, 4535, 15926, 29912, 2612, 3571, 1157, 29940, 29905, 3571, 1012, 517, 29905, 15926, 29912, 29900, 3331, 1187, 4311, 13, 29905, 355, 29912, 7728, 29913, 13, 3112, 12169, 714, 393, 445, 1121, 1518, 4167, 29871, 13, 517, 278, 1889, 779, 29916, 741, 2312, 3331, 3416, 2119, 29873, 1262, 297, 779, 6875, 741, 8511, 12806, 3411, 1504, 13, 6730, 29892, 591, 17386, 278, 23253, 10174, 5545, 13, 262, 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29940, 21063, 13, 29938, 29939, 29918, 29895, 29898, 29916, 7950, 2083, 648, 29875, 29922, 29896, 2844, 29940, 29913, 29916, 29918, 29875, 998, 29895, 29974, 29896, 4429, 395, 29895, 29922, 29896, 2053, 7778, 29892, 29940, 29899, 29896, 1504, 13, 3112, 338, 2821, 393, 29871, 13, 4535, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2403, 29940, 29905, 6484, 315, 1194, 8511, 29918, 29940, 1262, 338, 263, 20619, 1014, 15742, 29889, 13, 2831, 1269, 3443, 779, 1187, 29958, 29900, 29938, 29871, 13 ]	99	23,552	ArXiv	-1	-1
we define an operator in $\mathcal{F}_N$: \begin{equation}\label{f22} A_{N,\eta}:=\sum_{i=1}^{N}x_i\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i^2}- \sum_{i,j=1}^{N}x_ix_j\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i\partial x_j}+ \frac{\eta}{N-1}\sum_{i=1}^{N}(1-Nx_i)\frac{\partial}{\partial x_i}. \end{equation} Note that this operator (contrary to its infinite-dimensional analogue from \S\ref{s5.1}) can be defined by this formula on a wider subspace of $C(\nabla_N)$. This subspace consists of twice continuously differentiable under certain boundary conditions, see \cite[(2.8)]{EK1}. Denote this extension by $\widetilde A_{N,\eta}$. \begin{prop}[\cite{EK1}]\label{p5.6} {\rm{}(1)\/} The operator $\widetilde A_{N,\eta}$ (and, therefore, $A_{N,\eta}$) is closable in $C(\nabla_N)$. Denote by $\overline A_{N,\eta}$ its closure (and, therefore, the closure of $A_{N,\eta}$); {\rm{}(2)\/} The closure $\overline A_{N,\eta}$ generates a diffusion process (that is, a strong Markov process with continuous sample paths which can start from any point and any probability distribution) in $\nabla_N$; {\rm{}(3)\/} This process preserves the measure $\pd{-\frac{\eta}{N-1}}{\frac{N\eta}{N-1}}$ defined above, and is reversible with respect to this measure. \end{prop} Denote this process by $\mathbf{Y}_{N,\eta}(t)$. \begin{prop}[{\cite[Theorem 2.5]{EK1}}]\label{p5.7} As $N\to\infty$, the processes $\mathbf{Y}_{N,\eta}(t)$ converge\footnote{In a certain sense explained in \cite[Theorem 2.5]{EK1}.} to the process $\x{0}{\eta}(t)$ constructed in \S\ref{s4}. \end{prop} It appears that the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ (which is constructed and studied throughout the present paper) can be considered also for degenerate parameters. First, we describe how the up/down Markov chains should be modified in this case. Let $\mathbb{K}(N)$ consist of all diagrams $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$ such that $\ell(\lambda)\le N$. It is again a graded graph. Let $\alpha=-\beta$, $\theta=N\beta$. In this case each of the measures $M_n$ defined in \S\ref{s1.3} is positive everywhere on $\mathbb{K}_n(N):=\mathbb{K}(N)\cap\mathbb{K}_n$. It follows that we can consider the up/down Markov chains on $\mathbb{K}_n(N)$ similarly to \S\ref{s1.2}. The place of the algebra $\Lambda$ is taken by the algebra $\Lambda_N$ of symmetric functions in $N$ variables. It is clear that $\Lambda_N/I\cong\mathcal{F}_N$, where $I=(p_1-1)\Lambda$ is the ideal of the algebra (see \S\ref{s2.1}). Each embedding $\iota_n$, $n=1,2,\dots$ (they were defined in \S\ref{s2.3}) now maps $\mathbb{K}_n(N)$ into $\nabla_N$. \begin{prop}\label{p5.8} {\rm{}(1)\/} Let $T_n(N)$ be the transition operator of the $n$th up/down Markov chain. In the same sense as in Lemma \ref{p4.1}	0.379146	-0.840094	0.699109	2.080181	[ 0.6058270410779377, 0.15246447407934802 ]	[ -0.6681932746774117, -1.0119939622888776 ]	[ 0.9020086181301573, 0.4962100540686743 ]	[ 2.3663315636611846, 1.79403010464555 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 705, 4529, 385, 5455, 297, 779, 1942, 29912, 29943, 2403, 29940, 21063, 13, 29905, 463, 29912, 2573, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29888, 29906, 29906, 29913, 13, 12, 29909, 648, 29940, 2053, 1187, 6177, 2013, 2083, 648, 29875, 29922, 29896, 2844, 29940, 29913, 29916, 29918, 29875, 29905, 1154, 741, 3846, 29985, 29906, 3331, 3846, 921, 29918, 29875, 29985, 29906, 7402, 13, 12, 29905, 2083, 648, 29875, 29892, 29926, 29922, 29896, 2844, 29940, 29913, 29916, 29918, 861, 29918, 29926, 29905, 1154, 741, 3846, 29985, 29906, 3331, 3846, 921, 29918, 29875, 29905, 3846, 921, 29918, 29926, 7517, 13, 12, 29905, 1154, 741, 1187, 1157, 29940, 29899, 29896, 1012, 2083, 648, 29875, 29922, 29896, 2844, 29940, 2119, 29896, 29899, 29940, 29916, 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7728, 1012, 1643, 29912, 29886, 29945, 29889, 29947, 29913, 13, 12, 741, 1758, 29912, 2119, 29896, 2144, 29914, 29913, 13, 12, 12024, 395, 29911, 29918, 29876, 29898, 29940, 1262, 29871, 13, 12, 915, 278, 9558, 5455, 310, 278, 395, 29876, 29938, 386, 701, 29914, 3204, 4485, 586, 9704, 29889, 13, 12, 797, 278, 1021, 4060, 408, 297, 11894, 13, 12, 29905, 999, 29912, 29886, 29946, 29889, 29896, 29913 ]	99	24,576	ArXiv	-1	-1
4/19/19 Unanimous support for our forestland bill. A bill to study the economic health of Washington small forestland owners has cleared the legislature with unanimous support. ESSB 5330 sponsored by Sen. John Braun (R-20) received a "thumbs up" from the state House on April 17, following its passage in the Senate on Feb. 27. 2/27/19 On the Rise: Local factories part of tall wood building movement. Spokesman-Review Feb. 26, 2019. Katerra Inc. is on track to open an engineered wood products factory in April in Spokane Valley. Vaagen Timber also has a facility to produce cross-laminated timber in Colville. Oregon has one producer. Most of the rest are in Canada. 2/11/2019 Promises still unmet for small forest land owners. TJ Martinell, The Lens. Two decades after the state legislature passed the Forests and Fish Law to protect fish habitat, it is still unclear to what extent the regulations have negatively impacted small forestland owners. At the same time, forestry groups and state officials have highlighted the insufficient technical and financial assistance given to those landowners that was promised as part of the original bill. Legislators are seeking to address those problems via SB 5330. 10/24/2018 Initiative 1631 - Implementing a Carbon Fee, by Heather Hansen, WFFA Government Relations Consultant. Landowner News 16(3) Fall 2018. 10/24/2018 Good Forest Management Vs the Carbon Initiative 1631 – Who Does It Better? by Dr. Elaine Oneil, Executive Director of Washington Farm Forestry Association. Landowner News 16(3) Fall 2018. 9/15/18 Some of Washington's biggest trees are dying and scientists don't know why. The Chronicle, Centralia/Chehalis, Was., Saturday, Sept. 15, 2018, p. 13. Reports of dying and dead big leaf maple trees have been made for over 10 years. Several agencies and UW graduate student Jake Betzen are studying the problem. The Five Springs Tree Farm, owned by the Kingsbury Family, has been named the 2018 Western Region Outstanding Tree Farmer of the Year. They were the 2017 Washington State Tree Farmer of the Year. For more information about their property and their management of it, follow this link to the American Tree Farm System's announcement. They are nominees for the National Outstanding Tree Farmer of the Year for 2018. Ken Miller, past WFFA State President, gave a presentation on the Small Forest Landowner Riparian Template Proposal at the Washington Hardwoods Commission Annual Meeting on June 14, 2018. His entire 25 minute presentation is available for viewing. On January 31, 2018, the Washington Department of Natural Resources, brought together its partners -- from local fire districts and volunteer fire teams to the U.S. Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management and National Guard -- at the first Wildland Fire Summit, to work on developing a Wildland Fire Protection Strategic Plan to envision a new future for effective wildland fire management. A fact sheet for the development of the WA Wildland Fire Protection Strategic Plan has now been released. A new online magazine has been started as a way to help the general public understand forests and the work of foresters. It can be accessed at treesource.org. The intended audience is the general public and the stories are intended to be more in-depth than the usual daily news story. 1/4/17 New Wood Technology May Offer Hope for Struggling Timer - Cross-laminated timber tested at two mills, Gillian Flaccus and Phuong Le, Associated Press: D.R. Johnson Lumber Co., is one of two U.S. timber mills making a new wood product that's the buzz of the construction industry. 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Генерал-лейтенант Джеймс Фицтомас Батлер, 1-й герцог Ормонд (; 19 октября 1610 — 21 июля 1688) — крупный государственный и военный деятель, 12-й граф Ормонд (1633—1688) и 5-й граф Оссори (1633—1662), 1-й маркиз Ормонд (1642—1688), 1-й граф Брекнок (1660—1688) и 1-й герцог Ормонд (1661—1688). Был известен как граф Ормонд с 1632 по 1642 год и маркиз Ормонд с 1642 по 1661 год. После прерывания старшей линии рода Батлеров, Джеймс Батлер стал вторым представителем линии из замка Келкэш, который унаследовал графский титул. Его друг, 1-й граф Стаффорд, способствовал его назначению командующим армии роялистов в Ирландии. С 1641 по 1647 год он командовал в военных действиях против Ирландской католической конфедерацией. В 1649—1650 годах Джеймс Батлер руководил ирландскими роялистами в борьбе против английской армии Оливера Кромвеля. В 1650-х годах он находился в эмиграции в Европе вместе с королём Карлом II. После реставрации Карла Стюарта на английском престоле в 1660 году Ормонд стал главной фигурой в английской и ирландской политике. Ранняя жизнь Родился 19 октября 1610 года в Кларкенуэлле (Лондон). Старший сын (1594—1619), и (1587—1673), дочери сэра из поместья Айрон-Актон в графстве Глостершир и его жены Элизабет Сиденхем. Его сестра Элизабет вышла замуж за . По отцовской линии дедом Джеймса был Уолтер Батлер, 11-й граф Ормонд (1559—1632). Джеймс родился в доме своего деда по материнской линии, сэра Джона Пойнтса. Вскоре после его рождения его родители вернулись в Ирландию. Семья Батлер была старинным английским родом, который доминировал на юго-востоке Ирландии со времён Средневековья. В декабре 1619 года в кораблекрушении погиб его отец, Томас Батлер, виконт Тёрлс. После смерти отца Джеймс Батлер стал носить титул учтивости — виконт Тёрлс. В 1620 году Джеймс был привезён матерью обратно в Англию и помещён в католическую школу в (Лондон). Король Яков I Стюарт, опасаясь, что наследник дома Батлеров будет воспитан в католицизме, перевёл его в Ламберт, под опеку архиепископа Кентерберийского Джорджа Эббота. Так как поместья его деда находились под секвестром, молодой лорд имел только 40 фунтов в год на собственные нужды и жалованье слугам. В возрасте 15 лет Джеймс Батлер стал проживать со своим дедом, Уолтером Батлером, 11-м графом Ормондом, на улице Друри-Лейн в Лондоне. 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мом, чтобы принять участие в экспедиции на помощь гугенотам Ла-Рошели. Но экспедиция была отменена в связи с убийством герцога. Находясь в Лондоне, Джеймс Батлер решил выучить ирландский язык, частичное знание которого оказалось наиболее полезным для него в последующие годы. При королевском дворе он впервые увидел свою кузину и влюбился в леди Элизабет Престон (1615—1684), единственную дочь Ричарда Престона, 1-го графа Десмонда, и Элизабет Батлер. Король Англии Карл I Стюарт 8 сентября 1629 года дал своё согласие на заключение брака. На Рождество 1629 года Джеймс Батлер и Элизабет Престон поженились, положив конец давней ссоре между семьями и объединив свои владения. В 1632 году после смерти деда, Уолтера Батлера, 11-го графа Ормонда, Джеймс Батлер унаследовал графство Ормонд, став 12-м графом Ормонд, 5-м графом Оссори и 4-м виконтом Тёрлсом. Восстание и гражданская война Активная карьера Джеймса Батлера началась в 1633 году после назначения на пост лорда-депутата Ирландии Томаса Уэнтуорта, 1-го графа Стаффорда. Граф Ормонд стал главным другом и сторонником Томаса Уэнтуорта в Ирландии. Томас Уэнтуорт планировал крупномасштабную конфискацию земельной собственности у ирландских дворян-католиков, чтобы пополнить казну короны и сломать политическую власть католической знати. Граф Ормонд поддерживал эту политику. Тем не менее это вызвало недовольство его родственников, которые перешли в оппозицию к Томасу Уэнтуорту, что, в конечном счёте, привело к вооружённому восстанию. В 1640 году, когда Томас Уэнтуорт был отозван в Англию для участия во Второй епископской войне, граф Ормонд был назначен главнокомандующим войсками в Ирландии. Английский парламент обвинил Томаса Уэнтуорта в государственной измене, он был казнён в мае 1641 года. В начале Ирландского восстания 1641 года граф Ормонд оказался командующим правительственными войсками, расквартированными в Дублине. Большая часть Ирландии оказалась под контролем повстанцев-католиков, среди которых были родственники Джеймса Батлера. Однако узы родства не были полностью разорваны. Его жена и дети были отправлены из Килкенни в Дублин по приказу , другого члена династии Батлеров. Весной 1642 года граф Ормонд и виконт Монтгаррет были командующими противоборствующих сил в , где Ормонд одержал победу. Весной 1642 года восставшие ирландские католики сформировали собственное правительство, Католическую конфедерацию, со столицей в Килкенни, и начали создавать собственные регулярные войска, более организованные и боеспособные, чем нерегулярные отряды ополченцев в начале восстания. В начале 1642 года король отправил на помощь роялистам в Ирландию военные подкрепления из Англии и Шотландии. 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1642 году и очистил территорию вокруг Дублина от отрядов конфедератов. Он обеспечил контроль над районом, известным как Пейл. Английские власти подозревали графа Ормонда в связях со многими лидерами Конфедерации и отстранили его от командования, после того, как он в марте 1642 года отправил подкрепление на помощь осаждённому гарнизону в крепости Дроэда. В апреле 1642 года граф Ормонд спас роялистские гарнизоны в крепостях Нейс, Атай и Мэриборо, и после возвращения в Дублин одержал победу в битве под Килрашем над повстанцами. Он получил от английского парламента общественную благодарность и денежное вознаграждение. В марте 1643 года Джеймс Батлер, граф Ормонд, во главе войска вступил в Нью-Росс, глубоко на территорию Католической Конфедерации. 18 марта того же года он одержал над повстанцами под командованием и вернулся в Дублин. Тем не менее Ормонд оказался в очень сложной ситуации. Конфедераты контролировали две трети острова. В сентябре 1642 года в самой Англии началась Гражданская война. Король перестал присылать из Англии военные подкрепления в Ирландию. Кроме того, шотландские ковенантеры, которые высадились в армией на северо-востоке Ирландии, в Каррикфергусе, для борьбы с католическими восставшими в этой части острова в начале 1642 года, впоследствии передали северо-восток Ирландии под контроль английского парламента, поднявшего восстание против короля. Изолированный в Дублине, граф Ормонд в сентябре 1643 года вынужден был согласиться на прекращение военных действий против католиков. Большая часть Ирландии была отдана в руки Католической Конфедерации (под контролем протестантов оставались только районы на севере, Дублин, Корк и ряд небольших крепостей). Против этого перемирия решительно выступали лорды-юстициарии и протестантская община Ирландии. В ноябре 1643 года по приказу короля Джеймс Батлер отправил основные силы своей армии (4000 чел.) из Дублина и Корка в Англию, чтобы сражаться на стороне английских роялистов в Гражданской войне против парламента. В ноябре того же 1643 года король Карл I Стюарт назначил Ормонда новым лордом-лейтенантом Ирландии. Задача Ормонда состояла в том, чтобы предотвратить усилия врагов короля в Ирландии и отправить побольше войск на помощь роялистам в Англию. С этой целью он сделал всё, что в его силах, чтобы сохранить оккупацию шотландской армией ковенантеров на севере Ирландии. Ему также было предоставлено от короля право вести переговоры о заключении мирного договора с Католической Конфедерацией, чтобы было можно переправить ирландские войска в Англию на борьбу со сторонниками парламента. Переговоры с ирландскими конфедератами Перед Ормондом стояла трудная задача — примирить все враждующие фракции в Ирландии. «Старые англичане», ирландские католики ирландского и английского происхождения, руководившие Католической Конфедерацией — по сути независимым католическим государством,	-0.239776	-0.299771	-0.798065	0.451723	[ -0.28377715005675713, -0.1957755037435868 ]	[ -0.15159692896955793, -0.44794595917631636 ]	[ -0.9798822227049704, -0.6162486656905007 ]	[ 0.4309120840810387, 0.47253400837308485 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29896, 29953, 29946, 29906, 3294, 606, 614, 1499, 1415, 29944, 15365, 641, 30005, 1786, 29951, 21506, 14869, 5116, 477, 1685, 1685, 2359, 5752, 3920, 8765, 1216, 494, 4820, 29889, 16456, 1604, 4449, 2100, 20124, 24712, 693, 8082, 9328, 2815, 29892, 14292, 4470, 5413, 971, 3215, 29944, 29889, 6190, 29969, 11048, 6792, 28614, 26388, 29972, 587, 8374, 5532, 8685, 12970, 13744, 840, 490, 9690, 10027, 29988, 1778, 23571, 989, 3550, 1216, 18731, 10698, 8765, 1216, 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созданным в Килкенни, хотели заключить мирное соглашение с королём Англии Карлом I Стюартом в обмен на веротерпимость и самоуправление. С другой стороны, любая уступка Ормонда конфедератам, ослабляла его поддержку со стороны английских и шотландских протестантов в Ирландии. Таким образом, переговоры Ормонда с конфедератами были мучительными, хотя многие из лидеров Конфедерации были его родственниками и друзьями. В 1644 году Джеймс Батлер помог Рандалу Макдоннелу, 1-му маркизу Антрима, в организации военной экспедиции ирландской конфедерации в Шотландию. Отряды, возглавляемые Аласдером Макколлой, были отправлены в Шотландию, чтобы оказать помощь шотландским роялистам и спровоцировать Гражданскую войну в Шотландии (1644—1645). Это оказалось единственным вмешательством ирландских католических войск во время гражданской войны в Англии. 25 августа 1645 года Эдвард Сомерсет, 2-й маркиз Вустер, действуя от имени короля, подписал в Килкенни договор с ирландской Католической Конфедерацией. Ирландская протестантская оппозиция выступила против этого соглашения. Король Карл Стюарт вынужден был отказаться от договора сразу из-за страха перед тем, что почти все ирландские протестанты перейдут на сторону парламента в Английской гражданской войне. 28 марта 1646 года Ормонд от имени короля заключил ещё один договор с Ирландской Конфедерацией, согласно которому католики получали религиозные уступки, а также были устранены различные их жалобы. Однако генеральная ассамблея в Килкенни отказалась признать это соглашение, частично из-за влияния папского нунция , который убедил католиков отказаться от заключения мира с протестантами. Ирландские конфедераты отменили перемирие с Ормондом и арестовали тех из своих рядов, кто участвовал в подписании этого договора. 19 июня 1647 года Джеймс Батлер заключил мирный договор с английским долгим парламентом. Он обязывался сдать Дублин парламентариям при условии, что они защитят интересы ирландских роялистов (протестантов и католиков), которые фактически не участвовали в восстании. В августе 1647 года граф Ормонд сдал Дублин и его гарнизон роялистов (3000 чел.) под командование командующего со стороны парламента, , который недавно прибыл из Англии с 5-тысячным парламентским войском. Сам же Ормонд отплыл в Англию. В августе 1647 года объединённые силы роялистов и парламентариев под командованием Майкла Джонса одержали крупнейшую победу над силами католической конфедерации в вблизи Дублина. Командующий альянса роялистов Ормонд встречался с королём Карлом I в августе и октябре 1647 года в Хэмптон-корте, но в марте 1648 года, чтобы избежать ареста парламентом, он присоединился к королеве Генриетте Марии и принцу Уэльскому в Париже. В сентябре того же года он вернулся в Ирландию, чтобы попытаться объединить всех сторонников короля Карла	-0.406706	-0.472119	-0.945009	0.386689	[ -0.2604926677637782, -0.5529183718550136 ]	[ -0.4175052732940511, -0.5267336167539439 ]	[ -0.8695557381007547, -1.0204620791111187 ]	[ 0.45692578676356754, 0.31645179227791176 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 1778, 29972, 6798, 4470, 490, 6746, 29944, 29951, 656, 507, 29892, 6785, 12373, 1077, 8776, 1499, 1413, 4157, 29927, 5209, 1778, 8438, 18907, 531, 10210, 29944, 11560, 6190, 16796, 29917, 10777, 7792, 306, 24781, 30005, 1515, 4816, 490, 1604, 2387, 665, 3340, 576, 5460, 1668, 1630, 2321, 606, 8761, 29960, 6842, 6195, 29889, 857, 22454, 29977, 18779, 933, 29892, 6331, 3102, 29970, 863, 8412, 642, 12970, 13744, 840, 3920, 8765, 1216, 494, 25544, 29892, 3894, 684, 29975, 1225, 684, 5686, 26400, 29998, 1382, 1778, 18779, 933, 24999, 4483, 606, 3354, 10390, 17554, 4483, 24482, 4374, 4820, 490, 2081, 29927, 4453, 16268, 29889, 5238, 9787, 9111, 15438, 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I. Теперь ирландские конфедераты были гораздо более склонны к компромиссу, поскольку в 1647 году они понесли ряд военных поражений от английских парламентских сил. 17 января 1649 года Джеймс Батлер, граф Ормонд, заключил мир с ирландскими повстанцами на основе свободы католического вероисповедания. После казни короля Карла I 30 января 1649 года Джеймс Батлер присягнул на верность его сыну и наследнику, Карлу II Стюарту, который взамен в сентябре 1649 года наградил его Орденом Подвязки. Граф Ормонд командовал войсками ирландских конфедератов, а также английскими отрядами роялистов, которые высадились в Ирландии из Франции. Несмотря на контроль над большей частью Ирландии, граф Ормонд не смог предотвратить завоевание Ирландии Оливером Кромвелем в 1649—1650 годах. Летом 1649 года Ормонд попытался отбить Дублин у парламентариев и во главе 12-тысячного войска осадил город, обороной которого руководил . 2 августа 1649 года в 11-тысячная армия графа Ормонда потерпела поражение от 5-тысячного войска парламентариев Майкла Джонса. Впоследствии Ормонд попытался остановить продвижение Кромвеля вглубь острова, удерживая линию крепостей по всей стране. Но армия нового образца брала одну ирландскую крепость за другой, начиная с в сентябре 1649 года. Граф Ормонд потерял большую часть английских и протестантских королевских войск, которые подняли мятеж и перешли на сторону Кромвеля в мае 1650 года. Под командованием Ормонда остались только вооружённые отряды ирландских конфедератов, лидеры которых ему не доверяли. В конце 1650 года Ормонд был отстранён от командования и в декабре того же года вернулся во Францию. Синод, состоявшийся в августинском аббатстве в Джемстауне (графство Литрим) отлучил от церкви герцога и его последователей. Согласно , все владения графа Ормонда в Ирландии были конфискованы, а он был освобождён от помилования, которое было дано тем роялистам, сдавшимся к тому времени. Граф Ормонд, у которого катастрофически не хватало денежных средств, постоянно встречался в Париже с Карлом II и королевой-матерью. В 1655 году после заключения договора между Мазарини и Кромвелем он сопровождал Карла в его поездке в Аахен и Кёльн. В апреле 1656 года граф Ормонд был одним из двух участников, участвовал в подготовке подписания между роялистами Англии и Испанией. В 1658 году граф Ормонд инкогнито отправился с секретной миссией в Англию, чтобы получить достоверную информацию о шансах на восстание. Он встречался с королём в Фуэнтеррабии в 1659 году, вёл переговоры с кардиналом Мазарини и активно участвовал в секретной операции, предшествовавшей Реставрации Стюартов в Англии. Восстановление карьеры После возвращения короля Карла II в Англию граф Ормонд был назначен комиссаром казначейства и военно-морского флота, получил должности , члена	-0.375888	-0.289475	-1.03568	0.425709	[ -0.4584107672540991, -0.2933648780597485 ]	[ -0.4139240161314317, -0.16502664332938083 ]	[ -1.0356795252634243, -1.0356795252634243 ]	[ 0.3216545328144175, 0.5297641542746483 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 306, 29889, 10744, 7043, 29978, 606, 29927, 17554, 6792, 3920, 8765, 1216, 494, 3327, 8436, 1084, 6117, 1802, 13388, 531, 10065, 29921, 933, 1186, 5294, 5945, 989, 29935, 2937, 29892, 733, 1130, 693, 1382, 490, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29946, 29955, 3294, 16642, 733, 821, 12068, 29871, 11645, 13316, 2430, 28227, 25612, 1685, 24999, 4483, 7596, 684, 12275, 4483, 3485, 29944, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29955, 15650, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29946, 29929, 2336, 12342, 27987, 29935, 6049, 29932, 22565, 29892, 23710, 12970, 13744, 29957, 29892, 1077, 8776, 20124, 4157, 29927, 531, 606, 29927, 17554, 21593, 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Тайного совета Англии и лорда-наместника графства Сомерсет, лорда-распорядителя в Вестминстере, и Бристоле, канцлера Тринити-колледжа в Дублине, а также титулы барона Батлера из Ллантони и графа Брекнока в системе пэрства Англии. 30 марта 1661 году ему был пожалован титул герцога Ормонда в пэрстве Ирландии, и он стал лордом-распорядителем на коронации Карла II в том же году. Ему были возвращены огромные поместья в Ирландии, в 1661 году вручил ему 30 тысяч фунтов стерлингов. 4 ноября 1661 года герцог Ормонд вновь получил должность лорд-лейтенанта Ирландии и занялся работой по восстановлению населения в Ирландии. Главной проблемой был земельный вопрос, 23 декабря 1665 года Ормонд внёс в ирландский парламент Акт объяснения. Он был категорически против , запрещающего ввоз ирландского скота, который нанёс смертельный удар по ирландской торговле. В ответ в Ирландию был запрещён ввоз шотландских товаров и получено разрешение на торговлю с зарубежными странами. Он поощрял ирландское производство и обучение. Герцог Ормонд оказывал большое влияние на назначение ирландских судей. Герцог Ормонд отменил постой солдат в домах гражданских лиц и ликвидировал военное положение в Ирландии. Герцог Бекингем угрожал ему отставкой. В марте 1669 года Ормонд был исключён из состава Ирландского правительства и Комитета по делам Ирландии. 4 августа 1669 года он был избран канцлером Оксфордского университета. В 1663 году офицер-авантюрист Томас Блад с сообщниками планировал захватить Дублинский замок и взять в плен Джеймса Батлера, чтобы получить за него большой выкуп. Этот заговор был раскрыт. Блад и большая часть его сообщников бежали в Голландию. В 1670 году Томас Блад, находивший в розыске и тайно вернувшийся в Англию, попытался организовать похищение герцога Ормонда в Лондоне. В ночь на 6 декабря 1670 года Блад и его сообщники напали на карету герцога на улице Сент-Джеймс-стрит, чтобы его схватить и показательно повесить в Тайберне. Однако герцогу удалось сбежать от уже схвативших его на улице бандитов при помощи слуги. Это нападение, как подозревалось, было спровоцировано герцогом Бекингемом, который открыто обвинялся в преступлении лордом Оссори, сыном герцога Ормонда, в присутствии самого короля, и угрожал ему смертью, если с его отцом произойдёт какое-либо насилие. В своём имении в Каррик-он-Шур (графство Типперэри) герцог Ормонд руководил созданием шерстяной промышленности в городе в 1670 году. В 1671 году герцог Ормонд успешно противостоял попытке Ричарда Толбота нарушить . В 1673 году герцог вновь посетил Ирландию и вернулся в Лондон в 1675 году, чтобы дать советы Карлу по делам в парламенте, в 1677 году	-0.585791	-0.156745	-1.286767	0.057615	[ -0.5474396701390185, -0.6241414941629492 ]	[ -0.3615481301281224, 0.0480581578464757 ]	[ -1.2182888790910917, -1.3552458944618422 ]	[ 0.1811805383287618, -0.0659496371552622 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 5238, 29977, 1868, 6470, 21366, 6190, 16796, 29917, 606, 13860, 29927, 840, 29899, 477, 27192, 4222, 23710, 3828, 5579, 5508, 29935, 1257, 29892, 13860, 29927, 840, 29899, 494, 3565, 2359, 956, 11146, 490, 7296, 464, 23664, 464, 1719, 29892, 29871, 606, 24944, 1578, 753, 29892, 20247, 29996, 753, 494, 28928, 507, 811, 29899, 551, 9997, 22115, 490, 14869, 5116, 821, 29892, 1097, 6517, 27125, 5985, 4724, 29291, 6049, 29932, 753, 494, 1866, 1872, 4453, 702, 507, 606, 5532, 8685, 1386, 587, 29951, 570, 642, 490, 14245, 1488, 469, 30051, 29927, 3828, 6190, 16796, 29917, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29900, 15051, 29871, 29896, 29953, 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был вновь восстановлен в должности лорда-лейтенанта Ирландии. После прибытия в Ирландию Джеймс Батлер занимался приведением в надлежащий лад доходов и армии. Во время Папистского заговора в Англии (1678) герцог Ормонд обвинялся в сочувствии к заговорщикам графом Шефтсбери, но смог защититься вместе со своим сыном, лордом Оссори. В 1682 году король Карл II Стюарт вызвал герцога Ормонда ко двору. В том же году герцог написал «письмо от почётного деятеля страны, в ответ на замечания графа Англси о мемуарах графа Каслхейвена, касающихся восстания в Ирландии» и оказал королю общую поддержку. 29 ноября 1682 года Джеймс Батлер получил от короля титул герцога Ормонда в системе пэрства Англии. В июне 1684 года он вернулся в Ирландию, но в октябре вновь был отозван в Лондон из-за новых интриг при дворе. В 1685 году после смерти Карла II и вступления на королевский престол его младшего брата Якова II Стюарта Джеймс Батлер вынужден был покинуть должность лорда-лейтенанта Ирландии. В 1645—1653, 1660—1688 годах герцог Ормонд являлся шестым канцлером Тринити-колледжа в Дублине. В дальнейшем герцог Ормонд проживал на пенсии в поместье в графстве Оксфордшир, которое ему одолжил . Несмотря на свою длительную службу в Ирландии, герцог Ормонд не хотел проводить там свои последние годы. 21 июля 1688 года Джеймс Батлер, 1-й герцог Ормонд, скончался в возрасте 77 лет в Кингстон-Лейси (графство Дорсет). Он был похоронен в Вестминстерском аббатстве 1 августа 1688 года. Брак и дети В декабре 1629 года Джеймс Батлер женился на леди Элизабет Престон, 2-й баронессе Дингуолл (25 июля 1615 — 21 июля 1684), единственной дочери и наследнице сэра Ричарда Престона, 1-го графа Десмонда (ум. 1628), и леди (ум. 1628). У супругов было, как минимум, семеро детей, из которых трое сыновей и две дочери достигли зрелости: Томас Батлер, виконт Тёрлс (1632—1633) Томас Батлер, 6-й граф Оссори (8 июля 1634 — 30 июля 1680) Джеймс Батлер (1636—1645) Ричард Батлер, 1-й граф Арран (15 июня 1639 — 25 января 1686) (29 июня 1640 — июль 1665), муж — (1634—1714) (1643 — август 1677) Мэри Батлер (1646 — 31 июля 1710), муж — Уильям Кавендиш, 1-й герцог Девонширский (1640—1707) Старший из них, Томас Батлер, 6-й граф Оссори, скончался ещё при	-0.512513	-0.60194	-1.313398	-0.40868	[ -0.28583166320025527, -0.7391942301988451 ]	[ -0.5374773882418022, -0.666402646096102 ]	[ -1.053433212441114, -1.5733626226448894 ]	[ -0.03733456420448047, -0.7800257757906789 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 4601, 490, 2835, 29978, 16335, 10704, 2510, 490, 19611, 5395, 13860, 29927, 840, 29899, 6188, 730, 11659, 676, 2081, 29927, 4453, 16268, 29889, 13, 13, 30013, 3264, 753, 1695, 6326, 8883, 490, 2081, 29927, 4453, 956, 30005, 12342, 27987, 29935, 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What is the HP Toll Free Number for customer services to fix HP Printer, Laptop, Computer, gaming laptop, premium laptop, HP Pavilion, HP Spectre, HP Envy, HP OMEN, HP Elite, HP Pro, HP Zbook, HP deskjet, HP Laserjet, HP officejet, HP designjet, HP Pagewide, HP Sprocket and Wireless Printer Tech Support Services? Worldwide HP user if facing any error with there Hp devices, and looking for HP Support Number for online help HP is one of the best companies in the market that have a motive to provide customers best advancements with the best features in its products. With the astonishing range of laptops, printers and computer systems, HP has made its presence among globally. HP provides a wide range of services to its customers with HP toll-free number. HP offers various products to the users which are very much helpful for them and these products make it easy for them to complete a work. Apart from the products and services, it also offers good customer service to the users. It is because if the customer suffers from any kind of issues related to the HP products, then he/she can easily contact to the support service to get the support from our tech experts. HP printer is a famous brand which enables print documents in a good quality. If you want to do the setup of your HP printer on your window computer then you need to uninstall the previously installed printer version. Before installing the HP printer on windows you first need to prepare the printer setup. Now make sure all the necessities and items before you begin. Now disconnect the printer USB cable from the PCs and search windows for "Device" and then select on "Device and Printers" control panel settings. Click on the printer icon and tap on "Remove device". If you see multiple icons on your screen then remove all of them and close the device and continue installation procedure. Download the driver as per your printer's model and follow the steps. You will see "driver product installation software" and tap on "Download" and run the drive file from your PC. Now, select a printer connection alternative when prompted by the installer and choose USB to continue for the full setup. After using above mentioned steps you will be able to use your printer and you can print, scan and fax with your printer. A user can face any kind of technical error or glitches. In that case, you don't need to worry because our expert team is available to provide you the best possible help related to it. You can contact HP technical support experts via Twitter to fix all the issues related to HP products. These are some of the issues which are faced by the HP products' users. Encountering browser issues on an HP device. HP laptop is not able to reboot. Not able to open files on the computer system's hard drive. Black screen on the laptop. Immediate shutdowns on the HP computers. Reset of an HP computers. A complete tech support for all devices. 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HP Laptops are utilized for different necessities as for home or workplaces or extensive associations. Presently, this printer has great need among clients due to its components and features. There could be issue sometime with HP Laptops which must be fixed as soon as possible to prevent risk. 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With the holidays fast approaching and new years resolutions coming shortly after that it's easy to stress out and sweat the small things. The only problem with that is your body's response. Your body reacts to stress in ways that actually make you stress out more. It gains weight, it gets tired, it holds water and before you know it your body has sent you into a bout of anxiety or depression. Learning why this happens is the first step in taking action against chronic stress and its affect on your body. In this blog post we go over the basics of cortisol the "stress hormone" and what it does in the body so that you can take the necessary steps to stop stress from happening. Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands during times of stress. This is why it's commonly referred to as the "stress hormone." Most bodily cells have cortisol receptors so when the adrenals secrete the hormone it's sent throughout the body and attaches to those cells. The attachment to those cells is critical for normal daily functions of the body. Cortisol has been shown to keep blood sugar levels in check, regulate the body's metabolism and reduce inflammation. It also plays a role in the body's balance of water and salt; think bloated and holding water or high blood pressure because of too much salt. That all being said… the right amount of cortisol stimulation is critical for your health. Cortisol naturally rises and falls throughout the day and night and is stimulated during exercise to help breakdown muscle tissue so that you can rebuild it bigger and stronger with proper recovery. (Remember this little tid bit for later.) However, it is also stimulated with stress or situations we view as stressful. Constantly stimulated levels of cortisol can over time burn out your adrenal glands so they cannot secrete enough for your bodily needs but in the process you will have the side effects of overstimulation. These side effects range from weight gain (especially around the abdomen,) decreased bone density, problems sleeping, loss of muscle mass, high blood pressure, depression, anxiety, weakened immune system and in most cases little to no results with efforts to lose weight through exercise and diet. Unfortunately for us stressful situations seem to be everywhere we turn. Whether its family, finances, career, relationships, self-esteem or body image problems our little adrenal glands pump out cortisol with every situation. Now lets take into account our fitness industry that promotes radical diets, quick fixes, extreme exercise programs and the mentality that fitness is life and your cortisol levels are going to spike just thinking about it. Extreme diets are considered a stress on the body. Extreme workout programs are considered a stress on the body. Combine the two and you have a recipe for disaster. Now lets dig a little deeper… back in the beginning of the blog where I wrote that exercise stimulates cortisol, it does for a reason. The reason we exercise is to breakdown muscle tissue so that when we leave the gym we go home and focus on recovery so we can stop the spike of cortisol and rebuild our muscle tissue. Rebuilding muscle tissue leads to a faster metabolism and fat loss over time. Unfortunately since our exercise programs usually come with an extreme diet nowadays you're actually not getting the adequate nutrients to start this recovery process and therefore your cortisol levels are not coming back down. Now we can take it a step further and say you're going back into the gym later on for an extra session and re-stimulating your body to pump out even more cortisol even though you never brought your levels back down from before. Can you see how this could be a vicious cycle that would just burn your body out rather than help you lose weight and get healthy? This is the problem that most of us are dealing with and without the proper education of how our bodies work most have had no idea. Handling stress so your body has the chance to recover and rebuild each day is critical to your weight loss success as well as success in your relationships, business and overall wellbeing. So what can you do? The right amount of exercise can be an amazing stress reliever. Getting in a workout that is a combination of cardiovascular training and resistance training is the trick. Be efficient with your workouts and find a workout that combines both components. 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Extended Horizon Reflections The quirky thoughts and convictions of a Jesus follower with a life-horizon longer than expected. A glimpse of who I am Western or Non-Western? Why does it matter? And what's the difference? amissionsguy / September 12, 2016 Before I plunge in to another post that I hope will be helpful for understanding both the value of using culture-related language and what I believe is the fundamental difference between Western and Non-Western cultures, I believe a clear definition of the word is in order. CULTURE: the shared beliefs, values, knowledge, language, and behaviors of a specific group of people that distinguishes them, or makes them unique, from other groups of people. Because I almost always view what is taking place in people's individual lives and in society as a whole through a culture detecting lens, I've had more than a few of my fellow Americans admonish me to leave the "culture-thing" alone and just view and help people as individuals. But as noble as that admonition may sound. it's actually the product of the American form of the foundational value that lies at the base of Western culture, and it just doesn't line-up with what's revealed in God's word or the history of humanity. The reality is that although every person who has ever lived was created by God with certain components of who they are that are unique to them, (like their fingerprints, their unique facial features, their unique blend of personality traits, and so forth), every person also enters into existence as part of one specific group of people, and then becomes parts of other groups as they progress in life. In other words, although every baby born is a unique individual, until some time later in life, that baby's primary identity in the eyes of everyone else, (and the baby's own eyes) is as a member of a group–first the baby's nuclear family consisting of it's mom and dad and siblings, but also as a member of their parent's larger, extended family–the grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, and so forth. But it isn't just our families that He assigned us to draw our group identity from. Our identity is also generated by the larger groups that our families are found within–ethnicity, language, nationality, and so forth–that also contribute to making us who we are. Whether we like it or agree with it, viewing individuals as part of one or more specific cultures is essential for understanding who that person is, what they value, what they do, and why they do it. By taking the time and effort to learn about the different cultural or sub-cultural groups from which an individual draws a significant portion of their identity, we can also discover the similarities and differences between the cultural groups, and the beliefs and values that produce them. When we learn these kinds of things about individuals and groups, it increases our ability to help them understand themselves and each other. It also makes it easier to develop methods that will enable the people within them to live alongside people from other cultures peacefully, respectfully, and with the minimum amount of misunderstanding and conflict possible. Put as simply as possible, if you desire to understand and help an individual, it's essential to understand the groups they derive a significant portion of their identity from. Although our American culture has influenced us to believe that our primary identity in the eyes of others should be as an individual, that belief is contrary to God's design as He has unveiled it in His word, and also contrary to the reality of human history. What's ironic is that our discomfort and even resistance to being categorized or identified first and foremost as a member of a specific group, or categorizing or identifying others primarily as members of a specific group, actually places us in to a very small group or category of people–known as extreme, or hyper-individualists. Because of the more than seven billion people that live on this planet, the number that believes individual-identity is primary and that categorizing and/or identifying people first and foremost as part of a group is unfair, unhealthy, or inherently wrong, is probably less than two percent. When we do view the inhabitants of our planet through the lens of the word culture that I defined above, it's fairly obvious that humanity as a whole–human society, is composed of thousands of diverse cultural groups and many times more than that when the sub-cultures within each of those groups is considered.	0.830454	-0.592987	1.142952	0.05225	[ 0.5346039187700022, 1.1263037040974666 ]	[ -1.0585503054029304, -0.12742344312187673 ]	[ 0.5722972848302024, 1.7136057462531236 ]	[ -0.5449269377973245, 0.649427186614281 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 7338, 2760, 6912, 18162, 9897, 5942, 13, 1576, 439, 381, 3459, 13133, 322, 7602, 919, 1080, 310, 263, 13825, 1101, 261, 411, 263, 2834, 29899, 2015, 18162, 5520, 1135, 3806, 29889, 13, 29909, 330, 12552, 344, 310, 1058, 306, 626, 13, 16128, 824, 470, 10050, 29899, 16128, 824, 29973, 3750, 947, 372, 4383, 29973, 1126, 825, 29915, 29879, 278, 4328, 29973, 13, 314, 6847, 2543, 29891, 847, 3839, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 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House Documents, Otherwise Publ. as Executive Documents: 13th ..., Том 24 Аутор: United States. Congress. House No estimate is included in the above for dredging, but it is because, if slackwater navigation is determined on there will be sufficient depth on these bars, and by closing ditches and turning drainage in the other direction, the bars will probably disappear. It may be found that on deepening the upper portion of the bayou by raising the water surface there will be some little dredging of bars needed below the lower dam to make the increased depth above available; but if so, and if a change in the class of boats to stern-wheel boats should not of itself remedy the evil of these bars, it will be soon enough then to dredge the few lower bars when the locks are made. A chart of the survey is made on a scale of you, as far down as Saint Martinsville, below which the chart made by Mr. Duke gives all the available data. Yours, respectfully, H. C. COLLINS, Assistant Engineer. Maj. C. W. HOWELL, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A. EXAMINATION OF TCHEFUNCTE RIVER, LOUISIANA. UNITED STATES ENGINEER OFFICE, New Orleans, February 27, 1880. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit herewith report of Assistant Engineer W. H. Hoffman of an examination of Tchefuncte River, Louisiana, provided for in act of Congress approved March 3, 1879. Tracing of chart, drawn to a scale of zobo, will be forwarded in a separate package. Recommendations of Mr. Hoffman as to plan of improvement are set forth in his report and are concurred in. His estimates are also approved and can be expended to advantage on the work during the ensuing fiscal year, viz, $5,460. I am unable to furnish valuable information concerning the commercial importance of the work. It is not susceptible of permanent completion. The nearest light-house is on the Tchefuncte River, near Madisonville, La. Mr. Hoffman was also directed to make an examination of Bayou Castain, which the citizens of Mandeville, La., solicited me to have made with a view to its improvement by the general government, that it might serve as a harbor of refuge for vessels plying on Lake Pontchartrain. The result of the examination is appended to Mr. Hoffman's report on the Tchefuncte, and his recommendations as to plan of improvement of Bayou Castain and estimates are approved. The amount, $3,410, can be expended to advantage on the work during the ensuing fiscal year. The collection-district and nearest light-house are the same as for the Tchefuncte River. Very respectfully, your obedient servant. w. HOWELL, Major of Engineers. Brig. Gen. H. G. WRIGHT, Chief of Engineers, U. S. A. P. S.—Tracing of chart, drawn to a scale of zoo, will be forwarded in a separate package. REPORT OF MR. W. H. HOFFMAN, ASSISTANT ENGINEER. NEW ORLEANS, LA., January 31, 1880. MAJOR: I have the honor of submitting to you the following report on the examinatia of the Tchefuncte River, Louisiana. A survey of this river was made in 1871, by the late Lieut. E. A. Woodruff, United States Engineers, and a tracing of the chart made by him was used on which to note all changes which have taken place since that time. Cross-sections were taken at the most important points, following lines of soundings made by Lieutenant Woodruf nearly as possible. Covington is at the head of navigation on the Bogue Falaya, which is only navigable for small schooners to this point, steamers stopping at Covington Landing, 2 miles below. There are many snags and overhanging trees on the partion of river between the steamboat landing and Covington, and the channel is very crooked: bends are very sharp; banks are of sharp sand and almost constantly changing in freshets. Many bars are found with too little water to allow larger Tessels	-0.52621	0.318891	-0.137216	0.149964	[ -0.9610816496966442, -0.09133775228243134 ]	[ -0.11578435734336355, 0.7535658188825048 ]	[ -0.38513370225235927, 0.11070141821026537 ]	[ 0.09793668974466951, 0.20199150047478487 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 5619, 10854, 29879, 29892, 13466, 8042, 29880, 29889, 408, 28841, 10854, 29879, 29901, 29871, 29896, 29941, 386, 2023, 29892, 7624, 29959, 29871, 29906, 29946, 13, 30018, 29960, 2374, 29901, 3303, 3900, 29889, 11559, 29889, 5619, 13, 3782, 12678, 338, 5134, 297, 278, 2038, 363, 270, 1127, 3460, 29892, 541, 372, 338, 1363, 29892, 565, 269, 2364, 13405, 11322, 338, 10087, 373, 727, 674, 367, 8002, 10809, 373, 1438, 22306, 29892, 322, 491, 14382, 270, 2335, 267, 322, 14712, 270, 6038, 482, 297, 278, 916, 5305, 29892, 278, 22306, 674, 3117, 25417, 29889, 739, 1122, 367, 1476, 393, 373, 6483, 8333, 278, 7568, 11910, 310, 278, 23041, 283, 491, 29263, 278, 4094, 7101, 727, 674, 367, 777, 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to pass than the small schooners at present found. No other improvement than removal of snags and overhanging trees is advisable, as cut-offs, which captains of schooners so much wish, would only result in increasing the caving of the bank and wonld probably injure the river below, where it is now good. Below the mouth of the Abita, the bank has a gentle slope towards the river, and is nowhere caving; there is a wide, deep channel, fully sufficient for any possible want of navigation. The banks on the lower part of the river are sea marsh, covered at high tide. The entrance of the river into Lake Pontchartrain has a bar on which is found but 51 fert at a common low-tide. During northers there is fully 1 foot less, and at such times the harbor is most needed as a harbor of refuge for vessels from all coast ports as far east as Pensacola, coming into Lake Pontchartrain during a norther. The entrance to New Orleans basin canals, on the lake, is a very difficult one, and Fery dangerous indeed with a norther blowing. The chief business of the steamers inning in this trade is carrying passengers to and from the sea-side watering-places, and for them some safe harbor on the north side of the lake is very important. The barbor to which improvement of this bar would give these access is one of the best possible for such purposes. The river is several hundred feet wide and 20 to 30 feet deep, for 2 miles, up to Madisonville, where steamers can tie up at the bank at any time. The bar is made of sand and shell washed from the lake and not from material carried out by the river, which is a clear-water stream. The constant progress of the point and the bar to the southwest, and the washing away of the west side by the tertent, shows that the bar is the effect of the washing of the sand of the lake beach to westward along the coast. The winds affecting this shore blow from southeast, and a jetty to protect the entrance from this wash of sand from eastward may be found necessary to retain the channel, even if one should be dredged out, as can be rasily done. Estimate for the improvements is as follows: Removal of all snags to Covington.. $300 Removal of all overhanging trees.. 500 Dredging on bar 15,000 cubic yards, at 25 cents.. ,750 Add for engineering and contingencies, 20 per cent.. Total....... 5, 460 At the urgent solicitation of the citizens of Mandeville, an examination was made of Bayou Castain, the mouth of which was formerly their harbor, on Lake Pontchartrain, bat its entrance from the lake is now so filled as to be useless. The bayou drains about 10,000 acres of timbered land, and during rains there is sufficient current to wash at the sand from the entrance and give a channel across the bar at times as deep as 4 feet, but unfortunately, with the first blow from the southeast it is filled with sand; dom remaining open for a week, and filling so as to leave but f a foot of water over the sand. This washing-ont process gave the idea of making a permanent entrance, and a charter was secured from the State; cribs were made and slightly ballasted with bork, placed on each side of the entrance. A few of these cribs remain, and as far oft as they go the channel remains, but most of the cribs washed ashore and the work was abandoned from want of money for continuing it. The success of this crib EĚ, so far as it went, shows that a jetty properly built would keep the sand from tling the channel, the filling all being made by sand washed along shore to westward. There is a depth of 6 to 7 feet in the bayou, and were the entrance so improved as to te a depth of 5 or 6 feet on the bar, the commerce of the town would be greatly Petited, and the harbor thus made would be available as a harbor of refuge on this sath shore during the gales of the fall and winter months. Mandeville is one of the coast watering places and during the summer and fall from to three steamers stop there every day, and one daily during the remainder of the jaz There are also many schooners. The estimated cost for the improvement to be made is as follows: 12	-0.533058	0.119795	-0.48912	-0.259752	[ -0.0064178756845081905, -1.059698280584555 ]	[ 0.5279466176374803, -0.2883561868670877 ]	[ -0.10487906894739751, -0.8733600996388311 ]	[ 0.3216545328144175, -0.8411579770946217 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 304, 1209, 1135, 278, 2319, 1364, 6150, 414, 472, 2198, 1476, 29889, 1939, 916, 20414, 1135, 28744, 310, 5807, 810, 322, 975, 29882, 9776, 10697, 338, 25228, 519, 29892, 408, 5700, 29899, 22450, 29892, 607, 4332, 2708, 310, 1364, 6150, 414, 577, 1568, 6398, 29892, 723, 871, 1121, 297, 10231, 278, 274, 5555, 310, 278, 9124, 322, 2113, 430, 3117, 10899, 545, 278, 8580, 2400, 29892, 988, 372, 338, 1286, 1781, 29889, 13866, 278, 13394, 310, 278, 1976, 2028, 29892, 278, 9124, 756, 263, 9914, 24968, 7113, 278, 8580, 29892, 322, 338, 1286, 4150, 274, 5555, 29936, 727, 338, 263, 9377, 29892, 6483, 8242, 29892, 8072, 8002, 363, 738, 1950, 864, 310, 11322, 29889, 450, 24388, 373, 278, 5224, 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,400 cubic yards dredging, at 25 cents.. Add 10 per cent. for contingencies. $3, 100 Nero Orleans, February 27, 1880. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit herewith report of Assistant Engineer H. C. Collins of an examination of Tickfaw River, Louisiana, made by Civil Assistant H. S. Douglas, as provided for in act of Congress approved March 3, 1879. Tracings of chart, drawn to a scale of zuvo, will be forwarded in a separate package. Recommendations of Mr. Collins as to plan of improvement are set forth in his report and are concurred in. His estimates are also approved; the total amount of which can be expended to advantage on the work during the ensuing fiscal year, viz, $10,230. The commercial importance of the work is given in the report of Mr. Collins. The work is not susceptible of permanent completion. It is located in the collection-district of New Orleans. The nearest light-house is at the mouth of Pass Manchac, Lake Pontchartrain. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, C. W. HOWELL, Chief of Engineers, U. S. A. REPORT OF MR. H. C. COLLINS, ASSISTANT ENGINEER. NEW ORLEANS, LA., January 31, 1880. MAJOR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the examination of Tickfaw River and its navigable branches. The Tickfaw River rises in the State of Mississippi and empties into Lake Maurepas. North of the beginning of this survey the river is at low-water but a succession of pools, connected by ripples, over which in long droughts but little water flows, and its banks are high rolling pine woods land, or a bottom once washed out by the stream and heavily timbered, covered in freshets by the river. Tbe survey was made by H. S. Douglas, assistant engineer. He began at the crossing of the Baton Rouge and Ponchatoula road, where the stream is 60 to 80 feet wide and 5 to 10 feet deep at low-water; but there are bars where but 3 feet is found. The first 6 miles, above Mr. Chapman's place, is so choked by old logs, snags, and trees blown in by the gale of September last, as to be almost impassable even for a skiff, and there is an almost continuous line of overhanging trees on one side or the other. On the fourth mile from the beginning is Whetmore Island, where the river divides, one part passing to the west of the island, having at its head much the largest crosssection, is entirely blocked by raft of sags, trees, and drift, and the other part, passing to eastward of the island for nearly a mile, is but 2 feet deep and less than 30 feet wide in places, and much obstructed by timber standing and fallen. This island and its two obstructed channels are probably the dam which makes the 4-mile pool above, and at low-water any improvement of these channels will probably draw off the water above; but below the island the character of the river changes to a tidal stream, with a current depending entirely on the tide, except at freshets. From Chapman's place to Mr. Settoon's place is 4 miles, and, though the depth is Dowhere less than 4 feet and the width great enough, so that schooners or steamers could easily navigate it, they are entirely prevented by the great number of logs and the overhanging trees. Mr. Chapman made one cut-off many years ago, and attempted to make another one, but failed to turn the river through the second, and it can yet be easily closed and saves half a mile of river and 4 bends of 240° or more each, while his ent wonld give a long, straight reach. The first cut-off which he succeeded in making was an unimportant one, shortening the river so little as not to appreciably change the slope, and these, so far as could be learned, were the only attempts to interfere with the river. The banks are nowhere caving, and once cleared the channel would probably remain good. The bottom-land is so low that it is covered with every freshet, and is not li	-0.369724	0.7088	-0.225985	0.109643	[ -0.7118007216188699, -0.027647844833988976 ]	[ 0.36320878815698615, 1.0543914205425375 ]	[ -0.38513370225235927, -0.06683545356663348 ]	[ -0.2324373343234468, 0.4517230462270618 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29892, 29946, 29900, 29900, 13630, 293, 17454, 270, 1127, 3460, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29945, 274, 1237, 636, 3462, 29871, 29896, 29900, 639, 1644, 29889, 363, 640, 4289, 2478, 29889, 13, 29938, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 13, 29940, 1489, 26884, 29892, 6339, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29947, 29900, 29889, 402, 1430, 1001, 1964, 29901, 306, 505, 278, 10657, 304, 9752, 1244, 2541, 3461, 310, 4007, 22137, 10863, 261, 379, 29889, 315, 29889, 26410, 310, 385, 4392, 3381, 310, 323, 860, 29888, 1450, 6163, 29892, 28838, 29892, 1754, 491, 12886, 4007, 22137, 379, 29889, 317, 29889, 16721, 29892, 408, 4944, 363, 297, 1044, 310, 11559, 23454, 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304, 5108, 2197, 1735, 278, 24968, 29892, 322, 1438, 29892, 577, 2215, 408, 1033, 367, 10972, 29892, 892, 278, 871, 14734, 304, 1006, 29888, 406, 411, 278, 8580, 29889, 450, 24388, 526, 1286, 4150, 274, 5555, 29892, 322, 2748, 24639, 278, 8242, 723, 3117, 3933, 1781, 29889, 450, 5970, 29899, 1049, 338, 577, 4482, 393, 372, 338, 10664, 411, 1432, 10849, 300, 29892, 322, 338, 451, 619 ]	115	2,048	CommonCrawl	7	9
able to be cleared so as to form cut-offs; a growth of cane protects it from washing. The water is almost absolutely free from any earthy material in stuspension, but is colored to a dark coffee-color by cypress and gum. Mr. Settoon's place is now the head of navigation for schooners, which they find great difficulty in teaching from the great number of trees blown in by the September gale. There were many old snags and some overhanging trees forming obstructions before. Below this there is nowhere less than 9 feet depth in the channel; 8 miles below Settoon's Blood River enters from the north; it is but a tidal stream so far up as it is navigable (about 4 miles), and the width is 80 feet or more and the depth about 10 feet. There are many old spags and trees and some overhanging trees. "Bluffs touch the river sufficiently often to afford landing places. From the mouth of Blood River to the Natalbany is 6 miles, and from thence to Lake Maurepas is 2 miles. This distance has a channel fully 250 feet wide and a depth of 10 to 20 feet. The Natalbany enters from the north and is navigable to the town of Springfield, 10 miles above its junction with the Tickfaw. The depth is nowhere less than 10 feet in the channel, and it has a sufficient width to turn a schooner or steamer almost anywhere, but it is somewhat obstructed by snags, trees, and overhanging trees. The Ponchatoula River is the most easterly branch, and enters the Natalbany 4 miles above its junction with the Tickfaw. Except during freshets it is entirely supplied by tide-water, and rises and falls with the lake. The survey of it began at the bridge on the Baton Rouge and Ponchatoula road, to which point there is sufficient width and depth for navigation, but the first 2 miles is unch obstructed by overhanging trees and by logs and trees in the water. Below Wadesborough there is now navigation for schooners, but the channel is much obstructed by overhanging trees, by trees blown in during the gale of September, and bş old logs and snags. Each of the three branches of the Tickfaw is of more commercial importance than the main stream, and removal of the obstructions will facilitate communication with New Orleans, and make it possible to use steamboats instead of schooners. Any increase in regularity and speed of the means of communication will promote settlement of the country and increase its commerce. The schooners now coming to these rivers during all the year (except the three or four dull months of summer) are about as follows: Schooners per week. To the Natalbany 4 To the Ponchatoula 3 To the Blood River 2 To the Tickfaw.... 3 Besides the freight of these schooners, great quantities of hewn timber, spars, and sav-logs are floated out, and are to be included in the commerce of these rivers. The depth of water, which depends entirely on the height of water in Lake Maurepas, is never so little as in the least to affect navigation, and there is at lowest water of a winter norther 7 feet of water over the bar at the mouth of the Tickfaw in the iake, but the bar at the mouth of Pass Manchac in Lake Pontchartrain bas but 6 feet depth, and at low tide, with a northwest wind, less than 5 feet. The entire commerce of these rivers, and the Amite and other rivers entering Lake Maurepas, must all pass this bar. No survey has been made of it, but from information given by captains of vessels passing there, I think it will require about 20,000 cubic yards of dredging to make a good channel. The available depth is said to be much less than it was previous to the breaking of the Bonnet Carre crevasse in 1874. Most of the water from that source now finds its way into Lake Maurepas, and from it alone comes the mud for a bar at the mouth of Pass Manchac, as all the rivers entering the lake are clearTater streams. 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Stephen H Crandall Professor Emeritus Meche Dies 92 Stephen H. Crandall, professor emeritus in MechE, dies at 92 Department of Mechanical Engineering Nov. 8, 2013 Stephen H. Crandall, the Ford Professor of Engineering Emeritus at MIT, a pioneer in random vibrations and rotordynamics, and a leader in transforming mechanics into an engineering science, passed away Oct. 29, in Needham, Mass. He was 92 years old. Crandall was born in the Philippine Islands in 1920. Graduating with a degree in mechanical engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology in the early days of World War II, he joined MIT as a staff member in the Radiation Laboratory in 1942. After earning his PhD in mathematics from MIT in 1946, he transferred to the Department of Mechanical Engineering. There, he was appointed to assistant professor of mechanical engineering in 1947, associate professor in 1951, then to professor in 1958. He was named Ford Professor of Engineering in 1975, and an emeritus professor in 1991. Across MIT, Crandall is remembered as an outstanding teacher and scholar, noted for the clarity of his lectures: He spoke slowly, but managed to cover plenty of material. While at MIT, he led the transformation of mechanics into an engineering science, acting as editor of three groundbreaking texts: "Random Vibrations" (1958), "An Introduction to the Mechanics of Solids" (1959), and "Dynamics of Mechanical and Electromechanical Systems" (1968). Crandall was a pioneer of random vibrations research, offering the first academic course on the subject in 1958, and subsequently directing MIT's Acoustics and Vibration Laboratory for 33 years. He published a total of eight books and 160 technical papers. Crandall was professionally active as an engineering consultant and a member of many technical societies. He served as chairman of the Executive Committee of the Applied Mechanics Division and as vice president of Basic Engineering for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME); he also served as president of the American Academy of Mechanics. He served as chairman of the U.S. National Committee for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics and of the Solid Mechanics Panel of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. He was also a member of the Board of the International Commission for Acoustics. Throughout the years, a steady stream of students enjoyed the hospitality of Crandall and his gracious wife, Pat: They generously opened their house in Lincoln, Mass., to a variety of student groups. Their interest in teaching and supporting foreign students was initiated by their first sabbatical at Imperial College London in 1949 and reinforced by subsequent sabbaticals and lecture tours in Mexico, France, Germany, Israel, Russia, China, Japan, Australia, and South Korea. Crandall learned to speak Spanish, French, and Russian, and enjoyed giving lectures in the local language. Pat chaired MIT's faculty wives committee, which organized English-language classes for the wives of foreign students. Crandall's hobbies included Dixieland piano, and he played gigs for many years with the Tabor Hill Jazz Band. Crandall's professional contributions have been widely recognized. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Russian Academy of Engineering. The Acoustical Society of America awarded him the Trent-Crede Medal in 1978, and the American Society of Civil Engineers awarded him both the Theodore von Karman Medal, in 1984, and the Freudenthal Medal, in 1996. ASME awarded Crandall the Worcester Reed Warner Medal in 1971; the Timoshenko Medal in 1990; the Den Hartog Award in 1991; and the Thomas K. Caughey Dynamics Award in 2009. He was inducted as an honorary ASME member in 1988. Crandall is survived by his daughter, Jane (Crandall) Kontrimas, with her husband Peter and son Stephen; and by his son, William BC Crandall. 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Facebook Is Ready To Launch Portal, An Echo Show Competitor At $499 The device will be available later this year Facebook finally started talking about its secret smart home video chat product that will compete with Amazon's Echo show. According to a report from Cheddar, the social media giant is planning to launch its video chatting hardware product later this year. The report also reveals that the product will be called Portal and developed under the Building 8 division of the company. The Building 8 lab is Facebook's secretive division similar to Apple's X that works on projects confidentially. As top-notch tech giants Google, Amazon, and Apple are consistently placing smart home devices on the market, Facebook urges too for the competition. The first report about the Facebook's home video product was revealed back in July 2017. Portal is a voice-enabled smart video chatting device that will allow the users to video chat. Moreover, the device can be seen as the extension of the company's social platform to provide a more interactive way for family and friends to communicate. According to Cheddar, Facebook will sell the device for $499 and planning to launch it later this year. The Portal will be the first consumer product for Facebook after the company failed to build a smartphone with an unsuccessful partnership with HTC in 2013. However, there are still reports stating the company had patented the 'Facebook Smartphone' in 2015. The company is planning to formally announce about the Portal in early May which may take place at the company's F8 developer conference. Similar to Amazon's Echo Show the Portal Will also has the capability of holding the video calls and streaming music and videos. However, Amazon already has its ecosystem, Amazon Prime to stream content through the device, but Facebook has to rely on the partnership with other brands like Netflix and Spotify. The device will also incorporate the facial recognition ability to link its users to their Facebook account for more functionalities. Where Amazon and Google are revolutionizing the market by placing more and more smarter home products under budget, the Facebook's $499 priced device could be hefty for consumers. However, Facebook CEO, Mark Zuckerberg already mentioned the employees for caring less about profits as he plans to change the consumer's behavior. The Portal is also the first product from Facebook's secretive hardware consumer lab, Building 8 that started in April 2016. In the market that is already owned by Google and Amazon, it would be very hard for Facebook to penetrate a major portion of consumers in the beginning. The Facebook's smart home video chatting device need to perform exceptionally well against the other smart home products in order to replace them, according to a research conducted by The Verge and Retical Research in October last year. PREVIOUS Google Pay: The New Payment Service You Should Know About NEXT Google Assistant Now Available To Android Auto Uber is All Set to Embed UberEats in its Parent App Uber, now synonymous to cab booking, has given tough competition in ride-sharing and food delivery. And so, it has now decided to add its standalone UberEats app to the main app itself.Uber CEO, Dara Khosrowshahi, was heard saying on the company's first earnings call last month,&ldqu Social messaging app ruler WhatsApp is all set to introduce its new feature related to Change Number.As Whatsapp is the leading app in terms of downloads keep surprising its users with new updates. According to latest mobile app technology news and reports, the messaging app going to enhance the cha Google Launches an App for People With Limited Mobility Google introduced a new app to help users with mobility issues while accessing their smartphones. The company named the app, 'Voice- access' that enables the users to navigate through mobile and apps, write and edit text via voice commands.The app will take over your phone and allow Uber Rolls Out a Feature to Teach American Sign Language Uber, the ride-hailing giant has come up with a new feature in its app to help its hearing-impaired drivers. The company is trying to eliminate the inconvenience between the riders and deaf drivers during the ride.The Uber app is updated with a feature that will help the riders to communicate we Dropbox Buys HelloSign for $230 Million, Gets Workflow And E-Signature Functionalities Dropbox, the leading global platform for syncing and sharing	-0.277442	0.153817	-0.574648	-0.606384	[ -0.07592890370619529, -0.4789558986890805 ]	[ 0.6031530180524884, -0.29551870119232654 ]	[ -0.5447781861704926, -0.6045185509480986 ]	[ -0.3534010517972059, -0.8593675689723919 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 13327, 1317, 830, 3714, 1763, 997, 3322, 28612, 29892, 530, 382, 1859, 7704, 24620, 2105, 2180, 395, 29946, 29929, 29929, 13, 1576, 4742, 674, 367, 3625, 2678, 445, 1629, 13, 23360, 2909, 7146, 4687, 9963, 1048, 967, 7035, 15040, 3271, 4863, 13563, 3234, 393, 674, 752, 2650, 411, 16631, 29915, 29879, 382, 1859, 1510, 29889, 7579, 304, 263, 3461, 515, 678, 287, 16702, 29892, 278, 5264, 5745, 28396, 338, 18987, 304, 6826, 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This Gay Comic's Hookup Stories Will Make You Delete Grindr Posted by By artuk November 19, 2021No Comments "Could You Be certain?" Solomon Georgio requires the audience on their newer stand-up album, Homonegro better, out today on Comedy middle registers. "I wanted authorization from everybody else within place before we go ahead." The group cheers, in which he proceeds to place everything on: "So, we once fisted a person." What follows is a romantic three . 5 instant classification that winds up are both hilarious and humanizing. (The laugh is actually inserted below—the terms "human muppet" and "like a Jackson Pollock decorating" are used.) Through this reason for Georgio's record album, you've read a joke labeled as "HELPS from Scratch" and another about precisely how right guys exactly who will not decrease on ladies are "the gayest part of the planet." The first thing he makes clear to you, after apologizing based on how amazing he looks, is the fact that he is gay as hell. You sorts of know very well what you're in for. But Georgio has actually a preternatural capability to make knowledge that may seems extreme—like fisting some body, or expanding within the gay youngsters of "very religious, extremely uptight" African immigrants, or getting harassed about whether they have a "big chocolate cock" on Grindr—relatable, somehow. Prior to their look yesterday on Conan, the guy contributed a number of their most mind-boggling hookup stories in a job interview with VICE. The guy told united states he is started off of the market along with a relationship for per year today; "As a person and in bed, he's fairly great," he mentioned. "i can not think about actually ever being required to endure Grindr once more." Lower try a little test of the reason why. Grindr first struck the stride whenever I was 27 or 28, and I also got a stretch on Craigslist before that. However when I happened to be an adolescent, I became into celebration lines—where you had set a voice content, and other people would hit you up this way. Those comprise the olden days we originated from, means pre-Tinder. That is certainly bumble vs okcupid coupons the way I lost my virginity. We called the range one-night and said I found myself a "19-year-old virgin," which suggested I got one thousand voicemails instantly. And my personal basic hookup flat-out lied. He mentioned he had been a 28-year-old soccer user, and he wasn't. So I ended up losing my virginity to a 55-year-old Native United states pull queen in a Ford F150 parked behind a Texaco about two blocks from my mothers' residence. But I became additionally 19 and needed seriously to make love. For all the very first 15 minutes, he explained his lives facts, following I became just like, "Let's fully grasp this over with." So he provided me with a bj and believed I would reciprocate, and I also unfortuitously got sick willing to do this, therefore I was actually like, "Well, i need to end up being someplace else now, bye," and I ran to satisfy my buddies for milkshakes at Denny's. And just what performed I tell them? That we destroyed my virginity to a 28-year-old football player. I'm certain they were very pleased. I'm most for trying times when somebody desires us to become more dom. And I also did give it a try, but often, they eventually ends up in which I form of start advising all of them what direction to go? I'd one chap who was simply like, "i really want you to tell me what direction to go, whatever really." And I also had gotten because intense as I could and lasted the time—I found myself really pleased with myself personally for this. However I kept supposed while he got leaving, and he is like, "it is possible to support it a little. It's not necessary to be mean any longer." Like, I am not sure where in fact the principles conclusion or begin. Were we achieving this not in the quarters or just in bed? You gotta lie down the principles. 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Cianan Brennan: Trying to make sense of the long and winding PSC saga By Cianan Brennan Tuesday, January 07, 2020 - 12:00 AM GDPR hovers over the continuing standoff between a government department and the Data Protection Commission, writes Cianan Brennan. You get the impression that neither side in the ongoing battle between the Department of Social Protection and the Data Protection Commission (DPC) for our data has any real clarity about where they're currently headed. Last Friday, the department confirmed that it has officially appealed an enforcement notice delivered by the commissioner in December regarding the findings of illegality made by the DPC against the public services card (PSC) all the way back in August. So, four months later, we're exactly where we presumed we would be when Finance Minister Paschal Donohoe and Social Protection Minister Regina Doherty first stated they would be challenging the DPC's findings on September 3. How and why has it taken us this long to get here? We can start by considering what we know for certain, although doing so doesn't entirely explain what is happening. Probably the most significant thing to occur over the past four months was the decision by multiple other departments and agencies to rescind the PSC as an obligatory requirement for their services. The other most noteworthy, if intangible, thing about the extended period of time before the DPC finally took action was the lengthy nature of that time period itself — a delay that assuredly did not go unnoticed in the corridors of power. We can infer two things from the above. Firstly, the Government as a whole was in no way comfortable enough with the legality of the PSC to leave it as a compulsory requirement for sundry important public services; and secondly, there were and are problems with enforcement. What are those problems? Well, while we're now firmly in the era of GDPR, and have been since May 2018, the PSC probe began some timebefore that date, and was carried out under the auspices of the prior Data Protection Acts of 1988 and 2003. This is more understandable when you remember that the whole project wasn't supposed to take anything like as long as the two years it did. But the fact remains that the DPC's powers, and the Government's vulnerability, would appear to be more pronounced under the newer law. We know that the Department of Social Protection, in a strategy that was fundamentally cynical but perhaps understandable, didn't believe that any DPC enforcement would have 'teeth'because its investigation was carried out under the wrong law. "Given that the acts are no longer operative since the coming into force of the 2018 Act, the department requires clarity as to the precise legal basis for any such enforcement requirement," John McKeon, secretary general for the Department of Social Protection, said in a letter to the DPC on September 6. We can guess that the DPC must have struggled mightily with enforcement also, simply because it took so long. It contrasts starkly with the confidence with which the findings of the original report were presented back in August. It's certainly not beyond the bonds of plausibility to think that the decision to enforce was made because to not do so would look bad having repeatedly vowed to match the department cut for cut. Then you consider the manner of the State's challenge — a straightforward appeal in the Circuit Court, as opposed to an application for judicial review in the High Court. Speaking to experts ahead of the State taking action, it was broadly expected that the latter would be more likely to succeed as a straightforward challenge to the procedures by which the DPC reached its conclusions. However, a judicial review could also lead to the precedent of the DPC's every decision being called into question — less than ideal given its heightened role in regulating the many big-data behemoths stationed in Ireland. Instead, the State has opted for a straightforward legal challenge on matters of privacy law. You might imagine that's a sign that the department was reluctant to go the judicial review route. Except that the Department of Social Protection currently has a live judicial review action (filed last July) against the DPC in motion regarding a decision it made concerning the gathering of data for child benefit provision purposes. 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Q: Worklight 6.1.0.1 ant build on z/Linux - encoding issue? bug? I have a jazz build server I am using to build my application using the provided ant scripts. The build works fine on our AIX build server. However, I migrated to another server running z/Linux and the application will not load. I compared the two wlapp files and there is only one difference between them. On AIX (working), the following code appears in index.html: <script> // Define WL namespace. var WL = WL ? WL : {}; /** * WLClient configuration variables. * Values are injected by the deployer that packs the gadget. / on z/Linux (not working), the following code appears in index.html <script> // Define WL namespace. var WL = WL ? WL : {}; /* * WLClient configuration variables. * Values are injected by the deployer that packs the gadget. */ This section of code is injected by the worklight ant tasks. It is not our code. Any suggestions? A: Tried it again: wslnx029:/home/wl # cat build.xml <project basedir="." name="build-tools" default="build-application"> <taskdef resource="com/worklight/ant/defaults.properties"> <classpath> <pathelement location="/home/wl/worklight-ant-builder-6.1.0.jar" /> </classpath> </taskdef> <target name="build-application"> <app-builder applicationfolder="/home/wl/proj6101/apps/app6101" worklightserverhost="http://localhost:9080/worklight" outputfolder="/home/wl/proj6101/bin"/> </target> </project> wslnx029:/home/wl # ./apache-ant-1.7.1/bin/ant -verbose Apache Ant version 1.7.1 compiled on June 27 2008 Buildfile: build.xml Detected Java version: 1.6 in: /home/wl/ibm-java-s390x-60/jre Detected OS: Linux parsing buildfile /home/wl/build.xml with URI = file:/home/wl/build.xml Project base dir set to: /home/wl [antlib:org.apache.tools.ant] Could not load definitions from resource org/apache/tools/ant/antlib.xml. It could not be found. Build sequence for target(s) `build-application' is [build-application] Complete build sequence is [build-application, ] build-application: [echo] Worklight Ant Task version 6.1.0.01.20140801-1626 [app-builder] Aug 4, 2014 9:43:19 AM com.worklight.builder.sourcemanager.handlers.android.AndroidManifestSourceHandler checkBuildTarget [app-builder] WARNING: FWLST1119W: Android build will fail because the API level used to compile the project is not supported by the Worklight Studio. [app-builder] It is recommended to use Android API level 18 which is the latest API level supported by the Worklight Studio. Use the Android SDK Manager to install API level 18, configure your project to build with API level 18 by updating the Project Build Target in Project / Properties / Android dialog. [app-builder] Aug 4, 2014 9:43:19 AM com.worklight.ant.builders.ApplicationBuilderTask execute [app-builder] SUCCESS: FWLST2001I: Successfully built environments: [android, common] BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 1 second This is the resulting HTML part: <script> // Define WL namespace. var WL = WL	-1.352809	-1.038853	-0.681874	-0.105295	[ -1.1364001046084855, -1.5692175401720938 ]	[ -0.7040058463036061, -1.3737009357134409 ]	[ -0.11502403304893459, -1.248723771395703 ]	[ 0.2956408301318887, -0.5062315550570629 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 660, 29901, 5244, 4366, 29871, 29953, 29889, 29896, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29896, 3677, 2048, 373, 503, 29914, 24085, 448, 8025, 2228, 29973, 6494, 29973, 306, 505, 263, 21230, 2048, 1923, 306, 626, 773, 304, 2048, 590, 2280, 773, 278, 4944, 3677, 12078, 29889, 450, 2048, 1736, 2691, 373, 1749, 319, 6415, 2048, 1923, 29889, 2398, 29892, 306, 9725, 630, 304, 1790, 1923, 2734, 503, 29914, 24085, 322, 278, 2280, 674, 451, 2254, 29889, 13, 29902, 9401, 278, 1023, 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Why SBS? Virtual Campus Visits Visiting SBS Chinese Applicants International Student Partnership (ISP) SB Global (Online) SB Global: How to Apply SB Global: FAQs School Review Re-Opening Plan Character Before Career Contacts and Directory Directions to SBS Learning at the Brook Learn to Navigate Big Questions Curriculum Post Grad Program Creativity at the Brook Virtual AP Art Show Recent College Acceptances The SBS Experience Chapel and Religious Life A Day at the Brook About the Bears Athletics Blog - SBS Bears The Bulletin Archive Blogs @The Brook SBS Parents The Stony Brook School is an independent college preparatory school (grades 7-12) that exists to challenge young men and women to know Jesus Christ as Lord, to love others as themselves, and to grow in knowledge and skill, in order that they may serve the world through their character and leadership. We believe school should be a place where young people embark on a passionate quest for truth, beauty, goodness and self-discovery, informed by relationships with adults of character and faith who know and love them. Our founding Head of School, Frank Gaebelein, believed that "all truth is God's truth." With this in mind, we are confident that sincere inquiry will lead students into discovering the heuristic power of the Christian narrative. We want our students to be deeply and thoughtfully engaged in the world around them, to be prepared to meet contemporary challenges with well-trained minds and hearts. Further, we recognize our School's commitment to excellence in the liberal arts, and we are confident that it will remain at the center of what we do. our VISION for the FUTURE The Stony Brook School turns 100 in the year 2022. This milestone will be a testament to God's faithful preservation of Stony Brook. Yet milestones do not just celebrate the past; they can also be inflection points towards a brighter and more verdant future. Our planning efforts have sought to answer the following question: Who do we want to be when we turn 100? Through a 15-month process initiated in 2014, Stony Brook undertook an exhaustive study to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats facing the School. Out of that process emerged clarity around two essential components—a vision for the School in 2022, and the strategic initiatives that must be undertaken to achieve it. By 2022, we see Stony Brook students: Exploring matters of faith and philosophy on their quest for truth, beauty, and goodness Becoming leaders in business and research fields Hosting competitions that use entrepreneurship, engineering, and technology to help others Undertaking service-learning projects locally, regionally, and globally Matriculating to college knowing who they are and how to use their gifts in service to others Benefiting from excellent facilities designed to reflect the values of the institution Serving as models and ambassadors to other schools who seek to foster character development Spending 100 hours a year outside of class interning and researching Returning from college grateful for the literacy they gained about faith and religion Our Strategic Imperatives Develop inspiring facilities that support the mission of The Stony Brook School, enabling us to deliver on the promise of 21st Century education, and increase our visibility in the community. Retain, recruit, and reward the best faculty members in the world. Create financial sustainability for the next generation of Stony Brook families and students. Further "Character Before Career" through a robust student mentoring system for all students that stresses personalized learning, health and wholeness, leadership training, cultural intelligence, and spiritual and character development. Develop and deepen partnerships in areas where outside entities can bring world-class resources to The Stony Brook School to benefit its students. Further a world-class Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) program. Advance the arts at Stony Brook with programs that enhance student creativity, promote the marriage of technology and art, and challenge students to discover the true, the good, and the beautiful. 1 Chapman Parkway, Stony Brook, NY 11790 \| 631-751-180	1.249574	0.232045	2.043317	0.051112	[ 0.8249751097177394, 1.6741738756969708 ]	[ -0.475700702186617, 0.9397911913387156 ]	[ 1.6121561052377527, 2.4744780538684044 ]	[ -0.3911209206868727, 0.4933449705191079 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 3750, 317, 9851, 29973, 13, 21287, 7259, 375, 5741, 1169, 13, 6116, 11407, 317, 9851, 13, 1451, 8233, 2401, 506, 1934, 13, 17579, 1288, 15740, 3455, 8397, 4034, 313, 3235, 29925, 29897, 13, 1744, 12002, 313, 2951, 1220, 29897, 13, 1744, 12002, 29901, 1128, 304, 2401, 368, 13, 1744, 12002, 29901, 13515, 29984, 29879, 13, 4504, 1507, 13957, 13, 1123, 29899, 6585, 292, 8402, 13, 20755, 10949, 15825, 13, 13443, 29879, 322, 18862, 13, 29928, 533, 1953, 304, 317, 9851, 13, 29931, 799, 1076, 472, 278, 18737, 13, 29931, 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Analysis / Reading What Maya Angelou's 'I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings' shows us about pain August 17, 2020 August 18, 2020 Miss JenLeave a comment Note: This post contains sensitive content! One of the trickiest things about teaching literature is the 'appropriateness' of text selection. I'm not sure how prudish schools are these days (and this could differ vastly across countries and cultures), but while most teachers would cringe at the idea of discussing sex and rape with teenage students, they're often asked to teach literary works that contain these same sensitive, adult topics. Does the veneer of figurative language, then, make the thematically 'inappropriate' more palatable? There is, of course, a strong case to be made for 'sensitive books' to be taught in classrooms, if only because engaging with literature is all about understanding humanity in its entirety. Puritanical censorship, for all its good intentions, has no place in authentic learning. Introducing I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Maya Angelou's I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, an autobiographical novel published in 1969, is one example of these 'sensitive, but widely taught' texts. From the GCSE and A-Levels to the IB and AP curricula, this book is a regular on 'recommended books' lists. (By the way, in my post on the poetry of oppression, I analyse Maya Angelou's poem 'Still I Rise' alongside the British Guyanese poet John Agard's 'Checking Out Me History' – another GCSE favourite.) What's interesting, then, is that I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings isn't an easy book to read, much less teach. Its difficulty lies not in the complexity of its language or the inaccessibility of its ideas, but in the rawness of its human presentation, delivered through the honesty of a voice which straddles childhood and adolescence. As an autobiographical novel, it's about Angelou's own childhood (among many other things), but it's arguably not a 'children's book', as the protagonist Maya recalls growing up with the trauma of abandonment and rape. In the #MeToo era, more women in the first world are now able to speak out against sexual victimisation, but this – to a large extent – remains a privilege that's only open to those who have the socio-economic upper hand. And for a Southern Black girl living in early 20th century America, this sort of privilege is a distant pipe dream. Photo credit: AFP file photo via arabnews.com It's upsetting to think that those without power are always the first to be targeted for exploitation and oppression, as predators are prone to take advantage of the powerless' fear and lack of confidence. Part of what makes I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings so impactful is the way Angelou charts her personal growth by swinging the pendulum of power dynamics throughout the narrative, as Marguerite (the narrator and protagonist) moves past her identity as a rape survivor in small town Arkansas to become a strong, empowered woman and the first black female cable car conductor in San Francisco. Close reading the most painful section in the novel For some students, one of the most puzzling questions about the book concerns Maya's response to her childhood trauma. In Chapters 11 and 12, Maya is first molested, then raped, by Mr Freeman, her mom's one-time boyfriend, but her response to his violations is psychologically complex. Most (if not all) readers are likely to feel outrage and indignation from reading about Maya's rape, and yet, we face the task of understanding Maya's relative lack of outrage and indignation after what's happened to her. For one, why does it seem like she craves Mr Freeman's intimacy after he first touches her on the family bed? And why does she 'lie' about what Mr Freeman did at the court hearing for the rape case? Most curiously, why does she feel so guilty about an episode in which she was the victim? To unpack the emotional and psychological complexity behind Maya's actions, let's close read	1.794705	0.429014	1.972302	0.628616	[ 1.6851312791289608, 1.9042793477687625 ]	[ -0.12473750024991215, 0.9827662772901488 ]	[ 1.906360064182328, 2.03824459750231 ]	[ 0.05631476545262336, 1.2009176834838924 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 24352, 847, 21439, 13, 5618, 2610, 29874, 17323, 283, 29915, 29879, 525, 29902, 19320, 3750, 278, 315, 4063, 17777, 317, 886, 29915, 3697, 502, 1048, 6788, 13, 26197, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29900, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29900, 4750, 21116, 3226, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 9842, 29901, 910, 1400, 3743, 20502, 2793, 29991, 13, 6716, 310, 278, 8938, 12239, 2712, 1048, 18819, 12845, 338, 278, 525, 932, 6649, 2579, 404, 29915, 310, 1426, 9262, 29889, 13, 29902, 29915, 29885, 451, 1854, 920, 544, 566, 728, 12462, 526, 1438, 3841, 313, 392, 445, 1033, 1163, 13426, 368, 4822, 10916, 322, 4185, 1973, 511, 541, 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two key moments in the novel. How "it" all began – Chapter 11: "It didn't move" In Chapter 11, the narrator Marguerite recounts what happened to her one night when she felt something on her leg while sleeping in the same bed with her mom and Mr Freeman – a habit she acquired from having too many nightmares sleeping alone. One morning [mother] got out of bed for an early errand, and I fell asleep again. But I awoke to a pressure, a strange feeling on my left leg. It was too soft to be a hand, and it wasn't the touch of clothes. Whatever it was, I hadn't encountered the sensation in all the years of sleeping with Momma. It didn't move, and I was startled too. I turned my head a little to the left to see if Mr Freeman was awake and gone, but his eyes were open and both hands were above the cover. I knew, as if I had always known, it was his "thing" on my leg. In the first paragraph, the recurrence of the non-human pronoun – "it" – draws immediate attention to the inhumane, beastly nature of Mr Freeman's actions. It adds to the characterisation of Mr Freeman as an animal predator, one that "didn't move", but had its "eyes open" as if observing a prey with lustful hunger. As its "hands [hover] above the cover", the narrator notes the presence of its "thing", which marks out its territory of attack. Behaving more like a monster than a man, Mr Freeman 'morphs' into a beast with a brief, but important, shift in pronoun: 'he', in the moment, becomes no more than an 'it'. He said, "Just stay right here, Ritie, I ain't gonna hurt you." I wasn't afraid, a little apprehensive, maybe, but not afraid. Of course I knew that lots of people did "it" and they used their "things" to accomplish the deed, but no one I knew had ever done it to anybody. Mr Freeman pulled me to him, and put his hand between my legs. He didn't hurt, but Momma drilled into my head: "Keep your legs closed, and don't let nobody see your pocketbook." "It", however, also functions as a euphemism in Maya's reference to those who "did 'it'" by "us[ing] their 'things' to accomplish the deed". The fact that indirect reference is necessary suggests the shame associated with discussions of sex in Maya's community. This notion is reinforced by Momma's metaphor of the "pocketbook", which implies a woman's clitoris. But as with so many issues, manufactured silence and suppressed speech are often the taproot of human tragedy. For those who aren't comfortable with sexual references, feel free to skip the next paragraph – "Now, I didn't hurt you. Don't get scared." He threw back the blankets and his 'thing' stood up like a brown ear of corn. He took my hand and said, "Feel it." It was mushy and squirmy like the inside of a freshly killed chicken. Then he dragged me on top of his chest with his left arm, and his right hand was moving so fast and his heart was beating so hard that I was afraid that he would die. Ghost stories revealed how people who died wouldn't let go of whatever they were holding. I wondered if Mr Freeman died holding me how I would ever get free. Would they have to break his arms to get me loose? Here, the irony in Angelou's choice of domestic similes for the phallic organ ("like a brown ear of corn" and "like the insides of a freshly killed chicken") is worth considering for a deeper understanding of Maya's inner conflict. Corn and chicken – staple foods of the American South and sustenance for daily life – are compared to the male procreative (but also transgressive) organ, the possible idea being that the gulf between 'good' and 'bad' isn't as wide as one might think, and that perfectly natural things could lead to evil ends if fuelled by bad intentions. 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next chapter. Finally he was quiet, and then came the nice part. He held me so softly that I wished he wouldn't ever let me go. I felt at home. From the way he was holding me I knew he'd never let me go or let anything bad ever happen to me. This was probably my real father and we had found each other at last. But then he rolled over, leaving me in a wet place and stood up. With Mr Freeman's detumescence comes Maya's dawning awareness of what just happened. Her comment – "Then came the nice part" – is one that drips with painful irony: as readers, we understand that the word "nice" reeks of sarcasm, because there is nothing 'nice' about the scene at all. A horrendous act of violation has just occurred, and home, a space that's supposed to symbolise safety and protection, has now become the most dangerous location for Maya. Holding one close, a gesture that's supposed to convey love, care and warmth, is in this context nothing more than the outlet of Mr Freeman's pedophilic perversion. The saddest thing about this moment, however, is a young child's struggle to distinguish between the embrace of real fatherly love and that of gross exploitative lust. This, then, shows that the blame for Maya becoming a victim of Mr Freeman's sexual abuse lies with her parents, too, as their neglectful parenting and cruel abandonment have led to the child's insecurity, self-doubt and self-loathing – all of which are qualities that have contributed to the immense confusion and guilt Maya feels towards the incident. This certainly isn't the easiest of passages to read, let alone analyse. But explicitness aside (notwithstanding Scholastic's designation of this book as suitable for Grades 9 – 12), it's an important moment for us to understand the origins of Maya's childhood trauma, without which the rest of her story wouldn't exist. Specifically, Angelou's poetic use of words allows us to feel the moral challenge not from the reader's privilege of distant remove, but rather, from that of an eight-year-old who's made to suffer in confusing silence. Confusion, not rage, is the key emotion. How "it" all happened – Chapter 12: "I thought I had died" In Chapters 12 and 13, we see Maya's rape at the hands of Mr Freeman, and her subsequent denial of the incident when asked to testify at court. There is a curious mix of nonchalance and melancholy in the description of a horrific process, in which Mr Freeman's exploitation of Maya's innocence rears its ugly head: [Mr Freeman] gave me the money and I rushed to the store and back to the house. After putting the milk in the icebox, I turned and had just reached the front door when I heard, "Ritie." He was sitting in the big chair by the radio. "Ritie, come here." I didn't think about the holding time until I got close to him. His pants were open and his "thing" was standing out of his britches by itself. "No, sir, Mr Freeman." I started to back away. I didn't want to touch that mushy-hard thing again, and I didn't need him to hold me any more. He grabbed my arm and pulled me between his legs. His face was still and looked kind, but he didn't smile or blink his eyes. Nothing. He did nothing, except reach his left hand around to turn on the radio without even looking at it. Over the noise of music and static, he said, "Now, this ain't gonna hurt you much. You liked it before, didn't you?" I didn't want to admit that I had in fact liked his holding me or that I had liked his smell or the hard heart-beating, so I said nothing. And his face became like the face of one of those mean natives the Phantom was always having to beat up. This idea of a girl or woman "liking" the intimacy offered by a man is so often the site of moral – and often, legal – contention, where one's physiological and psychological response meet at their most fuzzy edges. 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ation, even if she's aware that she's being violated? And does this then justify or excuse the perpetrator's actions? (No.) Can the victim feel confused about what or how she's supposed to respond at first, only to arrive at a more definitive impression of what had happened after the event? These aren't at all easy questions, or even questions that anyone can really answer with a claim to being 'right', which makes it all the more important for us to at least consider. Then comes the brutal moment – […] Then there was the pain. A breaking and entering when even the senses are torn apart. The act of rape on an eight-year-old body is a matter of the needle giving because the camel can't. The child gives, because the body can, and the mind of the violator cannot. The scriptural allusion to the needle and the camel recalls the saying 'the eye of a needle', and the biblical teaching that it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than it is for a rich man to go to Heaven. In the context of what's happening to Maya, Angelou emphasises the severe power imbalance between a young, vulnerable girl and a grown, imposing man, whose mind in that instant is bent on gratifying its transgressive desires. The child is forced to "give", partly because she's up against a Goliath too powerful to contend with, but partly out of a forced martyrdom which fate (or God?) has unfairly imposed on her. It's hard to miss the scathing, albeit understated, irony in the description that immediately follows this scene – I thought I had died – I woke up in a white-walled world, and it had to be heaven. But Mr Freeman was there and he was washing me. His hands shook, but he held me upright in the tub and washed my legs. "I didn't mean to hurt you, Ritie. I didn't mean it. But don't you tell… Remember, don't you tell a soul." I felt cool and very clean and just a little tired. "No, sir, Mr Freeman, I won't tell." I was somewhere above everything. What's incredibly sad about Maya's paradoxical statement – "I thought I had died" – is that she's really saying "I wish I had died", because then at least she wouldn't have to ever face up to the violation that's happened to her, and she'd be rid of her violator forever. But God, it appears, isn't as kind as the Bible makes him out to be. Instead, underneath all the suffering lies a burgeoning question of quiet outrage: what has this young girl done to deserve any of the abuse, pain and trauma – all of which are likely to stay with her for the rest of her life? Like so much of literature, the issue of theodicy comes to the fore, as suffering makes its mark yet again on those who least deserve it. Mr Freeman washes Maya out of his anxiety of being found out, but ironically, the 'blot' he has inflicted on her isn't anything he could ever wash away on the surface, or from her memory. How "it" all ended – Chapter 13: "I was eight, and grown" The court scene, far from being a moment which offers moral respite, reveals instead the tenuous foundations of the legal system, and the cruel schadenfreude that people are inclined to feel when they see others in suffering. The law itself doesn't always guarantee rightful vindication, nor does it necessarily uphold justice for all. The saying that people who have nothing to do become busybodies is not the only truth. Excitement is a drug, and people whose lives are filled with violence are always wondering where the next 'fix' is coming from. The court was filled. Some people even stood behind the churchlike benches in the rear. Overhead fans moved with the detachment of old men. Grandmother Baxter's clients were there in gay and flippant array. The gamblers in pin-striped suits and their makeup-deep women whispered to me out of blood-red mouths that now I knew as much as they did. I was eight, and grown. Even the nurses in the hospital had told me that now I had nothing to fear. 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worst is over for you," they had said. So I put the words in all the smirking mouths. The paradox of being "eight, and grown" signals the aborted end of Maya's childhood. It's as if experiencing rape is a sort of unspoken, but understood, 'baptism' that all black women in the Stamps community must undergo to reach 'true' adulthood, and to see the world for the dark reality that it is. In lieu of real sympathy, the women around Maya reveal the cynical empathy of those who were once violated, and are now forced to live with the shame, helplessness and bitterness that came out of the suffering. The worst is over", they say, as if what's happened to Maya is a good thing – a rite of passage for any black girl who wishes to survive in a brutal world. Maya Angelou at Smith College in 1875 (Photo Credit: Smith College) The scene proceeds – I sat with my family ([my brother] Bailey couldn't come) and they rested still on the seats like solid, cold gray tombstones. Thick and forevermore unmoving. Poor My Freeman twisted in his chair to look empty threats over to me. He didn't know that he couldn't kill Bailey… and Bailey didn't lie… to me. "What was the defendant wearing?" That was Mr Freeman's lawyer. "You mean to say this man raped you and you don't know what he was wearing?" He snickered as if I had raped Mr Freeman. "Do you know if you were raped?" Unfortunately, Mr Freeman's lawyer is no Atticus Finch: his cross-examination is ludicrous and unfeeling. After all, it's hardly reasonable to expect an eight-year-old to "know" if she was raped (this concept being inherently adult in nature), or to expect anyone – child or adult – to be sharp enough in the course of a mental and physical struggle to notice what their transgressor was wearing. In Maya's world, the concept of legal protection, it seems, is no more than an oxymoronic lie. And those sitting in the audience aren't any better – A sound pushed in the air of the court (I was sure it was laughter). I was glad that Mother had let me wear the navy-blue winter coat with brass buttons. Although it was too short and the weather was typical St Louis hot, the coat was a friend that I hugged to me in the strange and unfriendly place. "Was that the first time the accused touched you?" The question stopped me. Mr Freeman had surely done something very wrong, but I was convinced that I had helped him to do it. I didn't want to lie, but the lawyer wouldn't let me think, so I used silence as a retreat. "Did the accused try to touch you before the time he or rather you say he raped you?" I couldn't say yes and tell them how he had loved me once for a few minutes and how he had held me close before he thought I had peed in my bed. My uncles would kill me and Grandmother Baxter would stop speaking, as she often did when she was angry. And all those people in the court would stone me as they had stoned the harlot in the Bible. And Mother, who thought I was such a good girl, would be so disappointed. But most important, there was Bailey. I had kept a big secret from him. "Marguerite, answer the question. Did the accused touch you before the occasion on which you claim he raped you?" Everyone in the court knew that the answer had to be No. Everyone except Mr Freeman and me. I looked at his heavy face trying to look as if he would have liked me to say No. I said No. The lie lumped in my throat and I couldn't get air. How I despised the man for making me lie. Old, mean, nasty thing. Old, black, nasty thing. The tears didn't soothe my heart as they usually did. I screamed, "Ole, mean, dirty thing, you. Dirty old thing." Our lawyer brought me off the stand and to my mother's arms. The fact that I had arrived at my desired destination by lies made it less appealing to me. 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he never got a chance to do this time. His lawyer (or someone) got him released that very afternoon. And release Mr Freeman gets, but in the form of death. Shortly after this moment, he gets "kicked to death" by Maya's uncles. Whether his murder is an example of poetic or vigilante justice is for readers themselves to judge, but the big question here is why Maya lies about whether Mr Freeman had touched her before the rape. Had she said yes, then Mr Freeman would be doubly implicated in his guilt, but equally, the lawyer would then interrogate her on why she didn't voice out the first time Mr Freeman had touched her. Because, the 'logic' often goes, if the perpetrator had touched you once and you didn't say anything then, surely that's a tacit approval for similar advances in the future? Here, that same confusion of imagining "he had loved me once for a few minutes", and that "he had held me close before he thought I had peed in my bed" crops up once again to cloud Maya's perception of the incident. Of course Mr Freeman hadn't "thought" she peed – he planted the lie in her head so that she wouldn't think it's his semen. But Maya, despite being rationally aware that what Mr Freeman had done was a "dirty… thing", continues to cling onto the hope that Mr Freeman was perhaps truly affectionate and fatherly – even if only "for a few minutes". It's not a full-blown case of Stockholm syndrome, but there are clear hints of it here. As such, she is made to think that it was more her fault than his that whatever had happened happened. Maya's tragedy, then, could be seen as a result of absent paternal love and an excessive anxiety about family and community judgement, both of which, Angelou suggests, could be exploited for unfortunate ends. What's remarkable about Angelou's portrayal of trauma, suffering and the loss of innocence is how she gets us to see Mr Freeman through the eyes of a child. From Maya's eight-year-old vantage (but narrated in a more grown-up, retrospective voice), we are encouraged to see her violator as a deeply fallen man rather than the devil incarnate. While this may be difficult to some extent, Angelou activates our sympathetic instincts before she does our moral judgment, and as such, pushes us to consider human nature and the vagaries of life on less 'black and white' terms. It is the book's ability to challenge us on these moral 'shades of grey', then, which makes I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings such a rewarding read, and one that's worth keeping on high school reading lists for a long time to come. KEY QUOTES 🌟from Maya Angelou's 'I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings' 'I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings isn't an easy book to read. Its difficulty lies not in the complexity of its language or the inaccessibility of its ideas, but in the rawness of its human presentation, delivered through the honesty of a voice which straddles childhood and adolescence. As an autobiographical novel, it's about Angelou's own childhood (among many other things), but it's arguably not a 'children's book', as the protagonist Maya recalls growing up with the trauma of abandonment and rape. Check out my latest post for a detailed analysis on key moments in the book! LINK IN BIO ☝️📚👌 #gcseenglishliterature #alevelenglishliterature #ibenglish #aqa #edexcel #englishliteraturestudent #englishliterature #american #fiction #modern #prose #metoo #mayaangelou #childhood #pain #trauma #autobiography #africanamericanhistory #iknowwhythecagedbirdsings A post shared by Miss Jen 👩‍🏫 (@hyperbolit) on Aug 17, 2020 at 2:56am PDT Reading or studying for other modern classic novels? Check out my other posts below! Why George Orwell's '1984' is such a timeless novel Why are books so dangerous?	1.531728	-0.045055	0.937516	0.365878	[ 1.1043888972334865, 1.959066364928713 ]	[ 0.33455873085603066, -0.42466778761929 ]	[ 0.3947604130533035, 1.4802715719177708 ]	[ 0.5453723758841655, 0.18638327886526757 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 540, 2360, 2355, 263, 8825, 304, 437, 445, 931, 29889, 3600, 25008, 313, 272, 4856, 29897, 2355, 1075, 5492, 393, 1407, 17724, 29889, 13, 2855, 6507, 3237, 3878, 11422, 4947, 29892, 541, 297, 278, 883, 310, 4892, 29889, 13899, 368, 1156, 445, 3256, 29892, 540, 4947, 376, 29895, 17840, 304, 4892, 29908, 491, 2610, 29874, 29915, 29879, 443, 7799, 29889, 13, 8809, 1979, 670, 13406, 338, 385, 1342, 310, 772, 7492, 470, 14877, 309, 1647, 15426, 338, 363, 22176, 6053, 304, 16833, 29892, 541, 278, 4802, 1139, 1244, 338, 2020, 2610, 29874, 12185, 1048, 3692, 3237, 3878, 11422, 750, 23051, 902, 1434, 278, 1153, 412, 29889, 13, 29950, 328, 1183, 1497, 4874, 29892, 769, 3237, 3878, 11422, 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Q: WebMatrix Razor - Must declare the scalar variable "@0" I have been searching for two days now and can not figure this one out. I am new to using Razor. I keep getting the following error no matter what I try. Basically I am trying to pull data from a database and render a chart (works). Then I also want a drop down menu so the user can select a specific point to look at and have it render the new chart. Here is the top code: @{ var db = Database.Open("telecommConnectionString"); var data = db.Query("select distinct employees.cost_center, costcenters.costcenterdesc from dbo.invoices, dbo.employees, dbo.costcenters where invoices.emp_id = employees.emp_id and employees.supervisor = '11111111' and employees.cost_center = costcenters.costcenterid group by costcenterdesc,cost_center, bill_date"); var categories = data.Select(categorieslist =>new SelectListItem { Value = categorieslist.cost_center.ToString(), Text = categorieslist.costcenterdesc }); var filename="~MCCE2.jpg"; var cat = ""; if(!IsPost){ var dbdata = db.Query("select a.bill_date, a.costcenterdesc, a.total from (select invoices.bill_date, sum(invoices.total_current) as total, costcenters.costcenterdesc from dbo.invoices, dbo.employees, dbo.costcenters where invoices.emp_id = employees.emp_id and employees.supervisor = '11111111' and employees.cost_center = costcenters.costcenterid group by costcenterdesc, bill_date)a"); var myChart = new Chart(width: 800, height: 500, theme: ChartTheme.Blue) .AddTitle("Count of Employees by Carrier") .AddLegend() .DataBindCrossTable(dbdata, groupByField:"costcenterdesc", xField:"bill_date", yFields:"total") .Save(filename); } if(IsPost){ cat=Request.Form["costcenter"]; var dbdata = db.Query("select invoices.bill_date, sum(invoices.total_current) as total, costcenters.costcenterdesc from dbo.invoices, dbo.employees, dbo.costcenters where invoices.emp_id = employees.emp_id and employees.supervisor = '11111111' and employees.cost_center = costcenters.costcenterid and costcenters.costcenterid = @0 group by costcenterdesc, bill_date"); var myChart = new Chart(width: 800, height: 500, theme: ChartTheme.Yellow) .AddTitle("Count of Employees by Carrier") .AddLegend() .DataBindCrossTable(dbdata, groupByField:"costcenterdesc", xField:"bill_date", yFields:"total") .Save(filename); } } and here is my HTML to call the dropdown and chart: <form method="post" action="MCCE2"> Select Cost Center: @Html.DropDownList("costcenter", "--Choose Your Cost Center--", categories ) <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form> <p> </br> <img src="@Href(filename)" alt="@Href(filename)"/> Here is the error that I get no matter what I try: Exception Details: System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Must declare the scalar variable "@0". Line 32: var dbdata = db.Query("select invoices.bill_date, sum(invoices.total_current) as total, costcenters.costcenterdesc from dbo.invoices, dbo.employees, dbo.costcenters where invoices.emp_id = employees.emp_id and employees.supervisor = '11111111' and employees.cost_center = costcenters.costcenterid and costcenters.	-1.777408	-1.509789	-0.802345	-0.588825	[ -1.437728698988213, -2.1170877117715983 ]	[ -1.2662632208348577, -1.7533141949511013 ]	[ -0.1784300586835413, -1.4262606431726017 ]	[ -0.43144215984479245, -0.7462079623033914 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 660, 29901, 2563, 14609, 24961, 272, 448, 19928, 9607, 278, 17336, 2286, 17962, 29900, 29908, 306, 505, 1063, 11975, 363, 1023, 3841, 1286, 322, 508, 451, 4377, 445, 697, 714, 29889, 29871, 306, 626, 716, 304, 773, 24961, 272, 29889, 29871, 306, 3013, 2805, 278, 1494, 1059, 694, 4383, 825, 306, 1018, 29889, 29871, 13702, 306, 626, 1811, 304, 8206, 848, 515, 263, 2566, 322, 4050, 263, 8727, 313, 13129, 467, 29871, 1987, 306, 884, 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Join the hand-wound revolution! A new manual mechanical watch with exhibition caseback from Marloe Watch Company. 620 backers pledged £192,318 to help bring this project to life. Marloe Watch Company is an independent designer and producer of wrist watches based in Oxfordshire, England. They launched their first watch, the Cherwell, on Kickstarter in January 2016 to a fantastic reception. The company's values are strongly bound to tradition and design. And it's these values, along with a passion for timepieces, that inspired the creation of beautiful watches powered by manual, mechanical movements. As watches get smarter, and lives more complicated, there is a movement embracing the slow-living counter culture, going back to the simple things, celebrating tradition. So as the technology brands fight it out over who makes the smartest watch, Marloe is proudly going against the grain to create the most traditional of all watches - the hand-wound timepiece. The Lomond Chronoscope, from Marloe Watch Co. Following on from our successful debut Kickstarter for the Cherwell, Marloe Watch Company is delighted to announce their follow-up campaign for the Lomond Chronoscope. Named after one of Scotland's most famous Lochs, as well as countless cultural references, the Lomond expands the growing range of timepieces from MWC, which now includes the original Kickstarter campaign's Cherwell and the new smaller diameter Derwent. The Lomond Chronoscope is a manual mechanical wristwatch that includes a "stop-watch" feature, a ceramic bezel insert and exhibition case-back. It is 43mm in diameter x 11mm high (13.6mm to crystal zenith), 46.6mm tip-to-toe and has a 22mm strap-width. We wanted to create a timepiece with a foot in both the traditional and the contemporary; with a strikingly unique yet reassuringly familiar design. For the Lomond Chronoscope we kept some elements of our earlier designs whilst developing a timepiece that stands apart, not just within our own range but also within the market it exists. This is a more complex mechanical timepiece, offering both accurate timekeeping and time measurement, therefore the design needs to reflect the need for additional information, whilst remaining true to our core belief of essentials only, clutter free design. The Lomond Chronoscope comes in 4 colour-ways, split into Classic and Vintage aesthetics. For the Classics there's a White and Grey dial, both with a Telemeter scale matt ceramic bezel. For the Vintage models, there's a Coffee and Vanilla dial with a simple 60 second scale polished ceramic bezel. The Classic White dial features the same pearlescent white paint from the Cherwell but applied to a sandblasted surface to give a beautiful paper like texture with a semi-metallic sheen. The main printed markings are dark grey with red accents and the hour blocks are polished to match the hands - a classic combination. The Classic White has mirror polished main and sub-dial hands with a painted dark grey Chronoscope hand to match the outer markings. The case, crown & pushers are mirror polished with a matt black ceramic bezel, Telemeter scale engraved and paint-filled white. The Classic White is fitted with a bold orange leather strap. The Classic Grey is bold and refined. The dial is a charcoal grey, applied to a sandblasted surface to give a beautiful paper-like matt / semi-pearlescent finish. The main printed markings are in white with red accents, and the hour blocks are polished to match the hands. The case, crown & pushers are bead-blasted, and the bezel matt black ceramic with white filled engraving for a wonderfully tactile utility feel. The polished hands contrast the dark grey dial to assist in quick time-reading. The Classic Grey is adorned with a matching dark grey leather strap. Striking. Different. The Vintage Coffee has a luscious deep brown, almost black dial colour. In one light it appears a glossy inky black, helped with the reflection from the crystal. In another light and angle it's a flat espress	1.822099	-0.093402	-0.266683	-0.364457	[ 1.7727905065848815, 1.8714071374727923 ]	[ 0.39902135978318054, -0.5858243599371646 ]	[ -0.000893186906642478, -0.5324734543207766 ]	[ -0.350799681528953, -0.3781140693456083 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 3650, 262, 278, 1361, 29899, 29893, 618, 19479, 29991, 319, 716, 12219, 28310, 6505, 411, 29130, 1206, 1627, 515, 1085, 417, 29872, 24274, 6938, 29889, 13, 29953, 29906, 29900, 1250, 414, 282, 839, 3192, 15151, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29892, 29941, 29896, 29947, 304, 1371, 6963, 445, 2060, 304, 2834, 29889, 13, 7083, 417, 29872, 24274, 6938, 338, 385, 7417, 23383, 322, 14297, 310, 281, 2021, 6505, 267, 2729, 297, 11045, 11750, 29892, 5408, 29889, 2688, 15241, 1009, 937, 6505, 29892, 278, 23816, 5872, 29892, 373, 476, 860, 303, 4254, 297, 5490, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 304, 263, 13568, 6288, 25647, 29889, 13, 1576, 5001, 29915, 29879, 1819, 526, 13818, 3216, 304, 11399, 322, 2874, 29889, 1126, 372, 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315, 2696, 3905, 756, 263, 301, 375, 8802, 6483, 17354, 29892, 4359, 4628, 270, 616, 12384, 29889, 512, 697, 3578, 372, 5692, 263, 3144, 2209, 29891, 297, 3459, 4628, 29892, 9213, 411, 278, 17842, 515, 278, 10901, 11195, 29889, 512, 1790, 3578, 322, 10696, 372, 29915, 29879, 263, 12151, 831, 2139 ]	152	0	C4	12	5
o brown. The main printed markings are a combination of vintage cream with red and white accents; polished hour blocks match the polished hands. The sub-dials feature a turned brass aesthetic complementing the markings, with a vintage cream Chronoscope hand completing the look. The case is polished to a mirror shine, with matching crown and pushers. The Vintage cases feature a polished black ceramic bezel with a 60 second gradation scale engraved and paint-filled white. The Vintage Coffee is fitted with a black leather strap, contrasting white stitching and brass rivets to compliment the sub-dials. If the Classic White dial is just too classic, and you want something subtly different, the Vintage Vanilla is the one for you. A beautiful vanilla pearlescent dial shimmers in the changing light, from deep warm grey in lower light to a bright radiating off-white in lighter environments. A combination of vintage cream and dark grey accents keep the dial subtle yet still easily readable. Dark grey painted hour blocks stand proud from the lower surface. Polished main and sub-dial hands match up with a dark grey Chronoscope hand to tie everything together. The case is again polished with matching crown and pushers, with the deep glossy inky black ceramic bezel with engraved white markings. The Vintage Vanilla is strapped with dark brown leather, contrast white stitching and brass rivets to complete the vintage range. The Special Edition dial features the same pearlescent white paint from the Classic White dial and applied to a sandblasted surface to give the same beautiful paper like texture with a semi-metallic sheen. The sub-dials are the inverse of the dial, or Panda as it's called. The outer ring minute markings are red, with dark grey 1/5th seconds markings. The hour blocks are polished to match the hands, as are the main and sub-dial hands, whereas the Chronoscope hand is painted red to match the outer markings. The case, crown & pushers are mirror polished with a matt black ceramic bezel, Telemeter scale engraved and paint-filled white. The Special Edition is fitted with a matching Grey leather strap. Please note - the Special Edition imagery is for illustration purposes only. The dial is yet to go into production so we do not have any further images at this time. For more shots of all designs, please visit our shared album. The movement within the Lomond is a special one; it has history. Originally developed by Fabrique d'Ebauches Venus S.A in the 1940's, the Venus 175 was used in many high-end timepieces, most notably by Breitling. Soon this 175 Caliber was copied by a Russian firm and came to be known as the Strela. When Venus decided that they wanted to develop a new movement, the 180, they went looking for buyers for their Venus 175 caliber. The Soviets didn't want it - they had their cloned Strela movement, but the Chinese just so happened to be looking for a movement to install in a new pilot's watch for their air force. Venus sold everything to the Chinese - machinery included. After the war the caliber soon filtered down to consumer watches and has ultimately become the Seagull ST19. In part, due to the history and background, the ST19 still shares the robustness and accuracy of the Venus 175, which is why we've chosen it for the Lomond Chronoscope. The case has been designed with a few goals - firstly to cradle the complicated mechanical movement efficiently, presenting its visual complexity and remaining as slim as possible. The second was to design a case that sits beautifully on the wrist, tucks neatly under a shirt or cuff and is easy to operate when wrist-borne. Third the case was to feel robust and solid but not overly cumbersome. The result is a case tapering from a diameter of 38mm at the case-back, to 43mm at the edges of the static bezel. At 11mm deep, the case sits unobtrusively on the wrist. With the lugs bending downwards, coupled with the restrained 46.	1.619387	0.052087	-0.880018	-0.166102	[ 1.6632164722649807, 1.57555724480906 ]	[ -0.4380975019791129, 0.542271646287958 ]	[ -1.182781504735712, -0.5772539599252177 ]	[ -0.25584966673772275, -0.07635511822827373 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29877, 17354, 29889, 450, 1667, 13350, 2791, 886, 526, 263, 10296, 310, 325, 524, 482, 907, 314, 411, 2654, 322, 4796, 1035, 1237, 29936, 1248, 3276, 7234, 10930, 1993, 278, 1248, 3276, 6567, 29889, 450, 1014, 29899, 29881, 616, 29879, 4682, 263, 6077, 1506, 465, 263, 342, 29882, 7492, 19595, 292, 278, 2791, 886, 29892, 411, 263, 325, 524, 482, 907, 314, 15336, 359, 4338, 1361, 1614, 1259, 278, 1106, 29889, 13, 1576, 1206, 338, 1248, 3276, 304, 263, 19571, 528, 457, 29892, 411, 9686, 20844, 322, 5503, 414, 29889, 450, 478, 524, 482, 4251, 4682, 263, 1248, 3276, 4628, 5147, 314, 293, 367, 10533, 411, 263, 29871, 29953, 29900, 1473, 4656, 362, 6287, 3033, 336, 1490, 322, 10675, 29899, 26940, 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6mm top-to-toe measurement, the Lomond sits comfortably on the wrist. The signature crown and Chronoscope pushers are supported with small flats which mould out from the case seamlessly, with the bezel nestled within a thin steel frame. Few things go together better than polished stainless steel and black ceramic. Whilst steel is inherently surgical and clean, ceramic has a depth and warmth that other treated or coated materials can't replicate - it's also incredibly strong in compression and remarkably scratch resistant. We have chosen to use both matt and polished black ceramic for our Lomond range, and they do a great job of proportioning out the dial and case to keep the Lomond from feeling too big. The hidden gem, the resplendent secret. There's something palpable about a reaction to the Lomond Chronoscope's exhibition case-back, when turned over to reveal the open window to the heart within. The oscillating balance wheel and hairspring gently bouncing back and forth; the three central wheels all moving in sync; the warm shimmer of gold, blue and ruby all encapsulated under the sapphire crystal case-back. It all adds up to a visual spectacle unlike most others. Perimeter printing on the underside of the crystal reveals a few details whilst adding its own interest; an inverse print of transparent text within a black border. A true showpiece, hidden when in use but gloriously revealed at your choosing. A quote from poet and lyricist, Robert Burns, from his 1790 narrative poem, Tam o' Shanter, continues the Scottish inspiration for the Lomond. "Nae man can tether time or tide" Our watches need input from you to keep them alive - that's the joy of manual winding movements; turning the crown keeps the engine ticking. For the Lomond Chronoscope the crown retains the outline form and scalloped & engraved end-cap from the Cherwell, but halves the number of grooves in the surface to compliment the more contemporary design, whilst keeping the grip required to turn it. The crown features a double o-ring construction allowing a tight seal to be formed against any rogue splashes. Acrylic Crystal. Robust, durable and repairable; it's something of a touchy subject in the watch world. For some the relative susceptibility to scratches is a negative. We think not - it may take a scuff easier than say mineral or sapphire crystal, but unlike the latter two options, acrylic crystals can be polished to remove these scratches easily. It doesn't matter if it's 1 day old or 1 year old; a dab of Polywatch or swipe of a Cape-Cod cloth and the crystal can be refreshed to brand new. Acrylic also has a warm, vintage aesthetic that just can't be replicated with other forms of crystal. It's also light, can be moulded in to pretty much any shape and is easily replaceable. Sapphire crystal was explored but the cost to produce this custom profile would have significantly impacted the affordability, and a redesign to allow for standard double-domed sapphire crystal would have made the Lomond significantly thicker - a compromise too far. The Lomond crystal achieves a few things. Firstly, it limits the height of the watch by having a top-hat style profile - tall at the edges, flat in the middle. We've put a large radius on the outer edge that directly coincides with the Chronoscope track below, resulting in a wonderful magnifying effect. This elongates the minute markers from the outer Chronoscope track, whilst disguising the smaller 1/5th second markers. This not only makes reading the time at a glance exceptionally easy, but it adds an extra element of dynamic when you rotate the timepiece around and watch the light refraction play off the surface. The dial continues the standout feature of our Cherwell design, with a double layered dial and sharply recessed sub-dials. The metal hour blocks are positioned to extend out from the upper level, adding a sharp metallic line in amongst the beautiful pearlescent paint. Markings are kept to essentials and the functions separated with the 2 layers. The bottom, outer layer features the Chronoscope seconds track, with each second segmented 5 times to capture	2.260395	0.091929	-0.211401	0.005588	[ 2.5178939399602074, 2.002895978656673 ]	[ 0.11789267251755473, 0.06596444365957288 ]	[ -0.40669175096812554, -0.016110633058948092 ]	[ 0.09793668974466951, -0.08676059930128527 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 29953, 4317, 2246, 29899, 517, 29899, 517, 29872, 20039, 29892, 278, 365, 290, 898, 269, 1169, 13016, 2197, 373, 278, 281, 2021, 29889, 450, 12608, 20844, 322, 15336, 359, 4338, 5503, 414, 526, 6969, 411, 2319, 1652, 1446, 607, 286, 483, 714, 515, 278, 1206, 409, 314, 23769, 29892, 411, 278, 367, 10533, 17763, 839, 2629, 263, 16835, 22973, 3515, 29889, 13, 29943, 809, 2712, 748, 4208, 2253, 1135, 1248, 3276, 380, 475, 2222, 22973, 322, 4628, 5147, 314, 293, 29889, 806, 16613, 22973, 338, 7846, 2705, 25300, 936, 322, 5941, 29892, 5147, 314, 293, 756, 263, 10809, 322, 14294, 386, 393, 916, 14914, 470, 1302, 630, 17279, 508, 29915, 29873, 1634, 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the 1/5th second accuracy. The upper layer has minimal markings, with only small pips of Superluminova to point you towards the hours. A double pip at 12 helps with orientation in the twilight. The sub-dials are framed with the corresponding markings for the function - the running seconds sub-dial has 60 markings, with 4 bolder markings at the main quadrants. The 30 minute timer has 30 markings, with bolder markings at each 5 minute interval. Within the sub-dials are numerals for ease of reference. Legibility is essential, which is why the Lomond has simple polished hands, infilled with Superluminova. A long, thin, counter-weighted Chronoscope second-hand is poised ready for action, the tip coated with Superluminova. The sub-dials use the same polished hands from the Cherwell, a nod to its predecessor. When day turns to night you want to still be able to read the time, so the Lomond Chronoscope features Superluminova C3 on the hands and dial. Small pips arrayed around the upper level at the hourly markers make time-telling quick and easy - a double pip at 12 o'clock orients the watch easily. The Chronoscope hand features a lume tip. Both hour and minute hands are infilled with Superluminova C3. We wanted a bold set of straps to match the bold design of the Lomond, and as such we have 4 straps - 2 for the Classics, 2 for the Vintage. The Classic models get a padded orange and a grey strap using genuine calf leather with embossed croc texture. The Vintage models have brass rivets through genuine brown and black calf leather, with a lovely bold grain and contrasting stitching. Generously thick at 4mm. All straps feature a engraved buckle, displaying the MWC crown icon, and soft lining leather with embossed logos. Our Lomond straps also have quick release spring-bars to allow for quick and easy strap changes. You can read more about the Lomond Chronoscope in an exclusive review by Worn&Wound. If Junghans ever produced a sports chronograph under the Max Bill line, I can't help but imagine this isn't too far off from what that might be. All in all, they nailed it. Inspired by our original Cherwell box, we've designed a single tier box especially for the Lomond. Made from 3mm cardboard and wrapped in sumptuous Fedrigoni paper, the box contains a single tray with its own precision-milled dense foam cavity to hold your Lomond securely in place. The box is imprinted with a clear foil logo and finished with a pristine band with our embossed crown icon. Inside you'll find a traditional letter-pressed insert telling you a little more about the Lomond. The full retail price for the Lomond will be £449/$559. We will not be selling the Lomond in retail until all Kickstarter rewards have been shipped. Upon the conclusion of the Kickstarter campaign we will be sending out a survey where you will indicate which colour option(s) you would like and confirm your shipping address as well as other relevant details. We will ship the Lomond Chronoscope worldwide, with the exception of: Argentina, Belarus, Cuba, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Myanmar/Burma, North Korea, Russia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen. Please note that you may be responsible for duties, fees and taxes applicable in your region. We expect to start fulfilling orders in October 2017. While we do not expect this deadline to move, it is possible that the estimated shipment month may shift. If at any time you would like an update, please either check the "Updates" section of our Kickstarter Campaign, or feel free to email us at hello@marloewatchcompany.com. We stand firmly behind our products. Each Marloe watch includes a 1-year limited warranty. For more information please see www.marloewatchcompany.com. 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Overview: This ought to be fun. It's a collection of stories, long and short, in the three sides of urban fantasy. The editors and writers have included essays on the different sides of urban fantasy. Useful for those, like me, that have barely scratched the surface. Let's get on with the stories, shall we? Overview: It's a musical journey for John. The journey starts when he meets Willie for Open Stage night at the Orpheus. Willie dresses in an old-fashioned way, has plenty of advise about music to offer, and seems otherworldly at times. Likes: Good switch Ms. Bull. I could have sworn that Willie was a vampire. But the clues to his identity were well placed. Biggest hint: music, singing…hint, hint. Conclusion: I liked this one. It was fun. Overview: Wow. Maida and Zia, part of the Cousins as they call themselves, have gotten themselves caught up in human affairs. Well Maida has anyway. Promises are sacred to the Cousins, and she has made a doozy. Oh, did I mention that it's to a ghost? Likes: This story explains a lot of how family relationships work. Maddy's death was open to your interpretation. But it was Donnie and their mother that I felt for the most. Every family has feelings like this, and it's nice to see it being portrayed as just the way it is. Conclusion: As close as this is to a true depiction of mother and child, this will be a 'love it or hate it' story. I enjoyed it , even though it was sad. Overview: Um, what was this? I have no idea where we were going here. All I know is it's all 30 minutes away. Conclusion: I didn't like this one. It was confusing. This is the second time something from Mr. Gaiman just confused me, so I'll count my losses with his works. Overview: This starts out like a bad joke. A guy picks up Jesus and the Devil. It wasn't a funny one either. Conclusion: This is another one that I didn't care for. Jesus wasn't portrayed in the best light. And I'm not talking about the smoking and drinking either. Overview: What do you get when an artist with a magical background finds a tapestry that shows something that she doesn't like? Hang on for Julie here. Likes: This was kind of cool. A teacup unicorn, the joy of all little girls. Or was that just me? The ending was sweet. Conclusion: I liked this one. Julie's grandmother must have been one scary woman to disobey. This ends the "Mythic Fiction" sub-genre. We go to "Paranormal Romance" next. Overview: Mary is worried. Edric has seemed to close himself away from her. And she fears he might be cheating on her. Conclusion: This is a cautionary tale. I'm not sure what to make of this one. All I do know is that the relationship could never work under the guidelines both parties put it under. Overview: Tanya and Nathan have bought a supposedly haunted house. Haunted bed and breakfasts are considered to be all the rage these days. Not that Tanya has bought any of those stories. So why are there so many freaky occurrences with Nathan at the center? Likes: I like haunted house stories. This one is no different. Tanya's fear is quite understandable. The ending now, that was the real kicker. Conclusion: Isn't karma something? I liked this one. Overview: Oh my. Young love, or more like teen love. A teenager with his witch and the last night of summer. Likes: It was a pretty neat story. A guy bringing out the beauty he sees in a woman. It just got a little weird when you find out Johnny's secret. Conclusion: What comes around, goes around. Why can't anyone get this? I liked this one. Overview: Kitty just wants a New Year's kiss. Is that too much to ask? When a woman in a stupor shows up at the party, it's up to Kitty to figure out what's wrong with her. The joys of having a supernatural call-in program. 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ikes: Kitty's research on zombies was kind of fun to follow. And the way that they were able to help Beth was sweet. Conclusion: I liked the character of Kitty, not so sure about reading her story any further though. I did like this story. Overview: Tom is searching for Jon, his brother both in blood and in blue. To aid his search, he is sent to Moira to help him. Since the group that has Jon is called the Samhaim Coven, he needs a witch's help. Good thing Moira isn't scared. Likes: Tom is my kind of guy. He doesn't care what he has to do to get the job done. Let him watch my back. Conclusion: I liked this one. Maybe I ought to find more on Patricia Briggs. Overview: Would you take out a repentant vampire for the chance of ultimate forgiveness? That's what Anthony has been offered. Did I mention that the hit takes place in the Vatican? Conclusion: I didn't like this one. God doesn't play these games. Overview: We have another werewolf story. One about young teens. Conclusion: This one is just sick. I'm pretty freaked out by the main character. I hated it. Overview: A woman's son was eaten by zombies. So she's out to help others threatened by them. The only question is, was Max really eaten by zombies? Conclusion: Have I mentioned how little I like unreliable narrators? I think it's the feeling of being lied to. This is just one reason I didn't care for the story. The other reason is how Ms. Block referred to those with the slightest conservative slant. This ends our trip through "Paranormal Romance." All in all, it wasn't a bad trip. We're starting the "Fantasy Noir" next. Overview: Another bipartisan story with an unreliable narrator. Tawana is worried about vampires attacking the Somali refugees in Minneapolis. Conclusion: Why is it that there is no backlash when the liberals start preaching in their stories? C.S. Lewis is still taking flack for "The Chronicles of Narnia." Preaching, of any kind, isn't much fun to read. I didn't like this one. Overview. This is different. Here we have Gestella, a werewolf who falls in love with a man named Jonathan. Conclusion: This story was awful. Between the second person point-of-view and the ending, well it made for terrible reading, and made no sense. Especially since the ending made the story void. There are more stories in the "Fantasy Noir" section, but this is where I stop. Over all Conclusion: After 'Gestella,' I bummed out on the anthology. Out of twenty stories seven were good, eight I couldn't stand, and five I couldn't read. I did look up the last five stories, and found that "Fantasy Noir" really isn't my style. Maybe, you will like it better. Overview: Nicholas Drummond, a man with dual citizenship–his mother was an American actress, his father is British nobility I think–, is coming into his probationary period with the FBI. Too bad it starts out with such a bang. A rare book dealer is murdered in the middle of Wall Street. Then the man's children disappear. Story Telling: This was a well written story. Many things were hidden in plain sight and made for a fun read. Likes: A lot of my likes came from Zachary. He was supposed to be the boss, and he managed to keep a real smart mouth. Nigel's relationship with Nicholas reminded me more of friends instead of employer/employee. Mike has the perfect job for here. It seemed like she was getting pretty high there at some points. Dislikes: The only real problem that I had with the book was Josef, Leo, and William's side story. For the most part, it could have been combined into a prologue as much of the information lead into the main story, yet didn't give too much away. Favorite Scene: My favorite part was how Nicholas and Mike were able to rescue Adam. I'd have loved to see the looks on the operators' faces when that signal went out. 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trip. Hopefully the next one won't book as international. Not that this one was too bad, it was basically America and England. I wonder what's next in Nicholas's and Mike's lives. I received this book courtesy of Mrs. Harris for the purpose of a fair and honest review. Overview: Keith Brown has been offered a deal of the century. Valerie Scovall, a judge now but a lawyer several years ago, has hired him to find out what happened to two men who ran a Surrogate program, Lake Shore Parenting Group, quite a few years a ago. Was it murder or an accident. Story Telling: For the most part, this story was told in a first person point-of-view in Keith's perspective. There is one scene that is a bit jarring though. It's when Keith and Valerie meet. The scene is in first person, up until Keith walks in Valerie's office, then it switches to third person so to describe Keith. Likes: Keith's doggedness is to be admired. Dislikes: This is a drama filled story. One that suffers from somebody trying to be too politically correct. For fun see if you can identify the gay, black, white, and liberal characters. Really the worst part is that for a mystery, there wasn't many mysterious thing happening. Where was the intrigue, the clues being dropped, the investigation of the murders? Conclusion: It's not going to be to everyone's tastes. Hope you like listening to drama queens when you pick this one up. I received this book courtesy of Mrs. Bean for a fair and honest review. Overview: Oh no! The Sun went down and never came back. What are Kaylee, Mattie, Lily, and Fran to do? Try to get it back of course. Story Telling: The story was written to attract young readers. Mrs. Bean is rhyming in a similar vein as Dr. Seuss. Likes: The pace of the story combined with the charming illustrations make this an immersive book for most children. Dislikes: The book gives an inaccurate portrait of why children don't go out to play anymore. It's not because of the games or the internet. Most parents won't send their children outside in such dangerous places. Are you going to let a child go out to play with the risks that (s)he'll be snatched or caught in a drive by? No sane person would. I agree that children need more exercise and playtime, but it's a new day dawning and more care needs to be taken. Favorite Scene: My favorite part was when the girls came up with a plan to talk to the Moon and bring back the Sun. Conclusion: This is a cute idea. I'd read it and explain why going outside is to be a planned excursion with a parent or guardian around. I received this book courtesy of Mr. Cornelison for the purpose of a fair and honest review. Overview: Mr. Cornelison, one half of the Cornelison team on Season 13 of 'The Biggest Loser,' wishes to show us how Go used a reality show to change his life. So basically, it's a memoir. Story Telling: Remember what I said about the overuse of italics in the last book? This one was loaded with them. Needless to say, it was a slow read. Likes: There were nice summarizing points at the end of each chapter. Dislikes: I didn't care for all of the italics. There must be a better way for emphasis. Nor did I care for the Christian vie of weight gain. Please tell me where in the Bible God says "Thou shalt not be fat." Or, even better, which Biblical group had a problem with Jesus being a glutton? Favorite Scene: I like how Mr. Cornelison spent the time with his son. Conclusion: You'll probably like this one if you liked 'The Biggest Loser.' Personally, I never have watched the show, nor do I wish to start, but to each his own. I received this book courtesy of Mr. Flynn for the purpose of a fair and honest review. Overview: Mr. Flynn wants to let us in on a little secret. What's the secret you ask? It's that with the help of your family and the right frame of mind, you can live with anything and keep a positive attitude. It isn'	-0.145954	-1.253729	-0.09727	-1.499305	[ -0.2135812843205707, -0.07832583570694311 ]	[ -1.0406440195898332, -1.4668136219415462 ]	[ -0.137850202277393, -0.0566904894650964 ]	[ -1.4784936928165784, -1.5201156171086245 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 17487, 29889, 7963, 3730, 278, 2446, 697, 2113, 29915, 29873, 3143, 408, 6121, 29889, 2216, 393, 445, 697, 471, 2086, 4319, 29892, 372, 471, 8830, 6813, 322, 5408, 29889, 306, 4997, 825, 29915, 29879, 2446, 297, 24234, 29915, 29879, 322, 12828, 29915, 29879, 12080, 29889, 13, 29902, 4520, 445, 3143, 2085, 2167, 29891, 310, 6285, 29889, 20349, 363, 278, 6437, 310, 263, 6534, 322, 15993, 9076, 29889, 13, 3563, 1493, 29901, 27179, 9817, 756, 1063, 12520, 263, 5376, 310, 278, 6462, 29889, 2630, 10681, 2522, 586, 497, 29892, 263, 16833, 1286, 541, 263, 25008, 3196, 2440, 8020, 29892, 756, 298, 2859, 1075, 304, 1284, 714, 825, 9559, 304, 1023, 1757, 1058, 6350, 263, 6298, 9102, 403, 1824, 29892, 9459, 1383, 487, 22280, 292, 6431, 29892, 3755, 263, 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A lot of people desire to make money in real estate but lose all they have because they didn't have the proper knowledge. Thankfully, you came across this great article filled with lots of tips from Phil Pustejovsky, a real estate expert. This will show you the right way to invest. Read on for some excellent advice on real estate investing. Always familiarize yourself with property values in the area. Knowing what the rent and mortgage if other properties is will give you a better idea of what the value of your property is. Once you have a good understanding of the street level conditions, you can make wiser decisions. Read more at www.freedommentors.com. Your investments should never tap into your emergency funds. Understand that when you invest in real estate, your money may not be readily available. This is a state of affairs that could go on for a number of years. Make sure that it does not have a negative impact on your everyday life. Be prepared for good and bad times when investing in real estate. You must not be discourage by these lulls in the market. Just stay persistent to find success. Push forward, learn more from blogs like Freedom Mentor, and always keep trying so that you can accomplish your goals. Tips like these can help you do well with real estate investing. Review these tips often to gain additional investing skills, and you will surely reap the rewards. You can also spend some money on commercial real estate investing coaching to expand your knowledge. Let others know what you have learned so that they will be able to profit as well. Location is crucial. The condition of a property can be corrected; however, the location cannot be changed. You want to pay close attention to other properties in that area and see if the house prices have been inflating or deflating. Know what you are doing and make sure to research the areas around where you live. Don't purchase property in neighborhoods with crime issues. Be mindful of the area in which a prospective property is. Do all of your homework in advance. Homes in bad neighborhoods are often low-priced. You might have trouble reselling, and vandalism may be problematic. Don't invest more than you can afford. If you are investing in rental property, you should be able to pay the mortgage even if there are empty units. It's not smart to expect your rental income to pay your mortgage payment. Connect with other investors in real estate. Find out what tips and tricks they have learned along the way. It can be a great way to increase your personal knowledge. A great way to find some is by using the internet. Find forums to be active on and find meetings in your area. You must consider location when you look at real estate. Even a ramshackle property can be a wise investment if it is located well. Think about the location and its potential. Be sure that you get advice from experts. Before bidding on a property, talk to someone experienced in real estate. Speak to appraisers or agents, for instance. The more knowledge you have, the better choices you can make. If you are moving toward making real estate investing a career or a way to bring in extra money, jump in and start learning right away. Procrastination is a big mistake in the real estate market. Waiting around does nothing to build your knowledge and experience base. When calculating profits, always factor in the costs of repairs that the inspection dictated as necessary. You will have to make most general repairs before selling a property. If you want to rent the property to someone, you have to think about how much maintenance will be. Just make sure to give yourself a cushion when calculating potential profits. First, inspect the neighborhood. Does it look like everybody is leaving? Talk to your potential new neighbors and ask what the area is like. Next, look at the land. If you notice that the yard is on a downwards slope towards the property, the foundations could be affected by rain water. Noticing bad smells, both in and out of the property is problematic too. Bugs and insects are a bad sign as well. If there have been bugs or insects, people in the street are likely to know about it, so ask them. Next, it is time to look at how the property was treated by the current owners. Find out whether it was maintained properly. If you notice that there is a lack of structural maintenance on the outside, the inside will probably be the same. Check the wiring as well. Real issues can only be identified by a qualified professional, but you can get a good idea yourself. 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lights flicker or outlets are warm, there is a chance that the wiring is faulty. Similarly, if you notice that there is a single wall, or just a few walls that have been painted very recently, where others haven't, the owners may be hiding something. Next, look closely at the windows. Look at whether the windows have mold or condensation or are hard to open; this could be a sign of expensive problems.If an owner declares certain rooms as "off limit", then go find a different home to buy. Additionally, if you notice that any structural work has been done, such as the removal of walls or floors, you need to find out whether that work was done properly by a qualified architect. Basically, you should not purchase a property that has not gone through a professional inspection. With the information above, you should be able to tell whether or not you might want to hire a professional inspector, or whether it is a clear no on the purchase. If the property does have problems, you can decide to walk away from it, or you can demand a substantial discount in order to pay for the repairs. Also, always trust the advice of home inspectors. Home inspectors will tell you honestly whether or not a certain property is worth investing in. The reason why you are selling a property will have a huge effect on the price you end up getting for it. As such, even if you are simply looking for a quick sale, do also try to be motivated by profit, as this will help you get a higher price. To get your home sold at the best possible price, there are a few things you should do. First of all, you have to decide why you want to sell. You need to know your motivation, as it will also help you to determine what your available resources (effort, money and time) are. For instance, wanting a quick sale and wanting a huge profit are two incredibly different things. You have to get to know your home's pros and cons. Make sure that all the good things are highlighted and try to conceal the bad things as much as possible. Do make sure that you get someone to help you find out about all the good and bad points. It is very hard to see the bad in something that you have called home for so long. Unfortunately, you are also driven by your own emotions. As such, ask someone else what they believe the pros and cons of your property to be. You could either hire a professional, or you could simply ask people you know for their opinion. A professional costs money, but the opinion of friends could sting, so do consider which option is the best. Hopefully, the above information will have given you the knowledge you need to make a quick sale at a good price. Clearly, there is no need for you to invest a great deal of money, nor do you have to be an expert in anything. They are all simple, common sense actions that make a huge impact. Happy selling and good luck. Your realtor's experience is one of the most important things to look into. Usually, realtors with more experience are also better at their job. If you can, try to find a realtor who has worked all the way through the economic crisis and still works now. Next, make sure that the experience they have is relevant to your own needs. Someone who wants to flip properties, for instance, will have very different needs to someone who wants to find a home to raise a family in. You also need to know that your realtor understands your demographic and geographical requirements. For example, if you want to become a rancher, you need to find a realtor that is able to understand the different types of land, how it has been produced and what the homestead is like. Similarly, if you were hoping to purchase a listed or historic property, you will need someone that understands the laws and regulations surrounding those properties. Don't work with the realtor of the owners of the property you are planning to purchase. By law, the realtor will have to pass on any information you give to the seller as well. Similarly, if you want to sell, you also need a different realtor. You should work with someone that represents just you. The first thing you should try is ask people you know whether they can recommend anybody to you. Another place to look for a good realtor is the NAR (National Association of Realtors. Finding a NAR realtor means that you are guaranteed to be represented ethically and professionally. You should always try to contact different realtors before choosing one. You should discuss your needs with them, finding out what kind of suggestions they offer. These conversations can help you determine just how much a realtor knows about a specific neighborhood,	0.075763	-0.652973	0.795486	-0.584273	[ 0.03056336089845834, 0.12096193921237652 ]	[ -0.5267336167539439, -0.7792122467186143 ]	[ 0.7701240848101754, 0.8208489053178607 ]	[ -0.3690092734067232, -0.7995360528025756 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 26068, 285, 1406, 261, 470, 714, 10376, 526, 14294, 29892, 727, 338, 263, 8825, 393, 278, 281, 8491, 338, 12570, 29891, 29889, 20175, 29892, 565, 366, 8369, 393, 727, 338, 263, 2323, 10090, 29892, 470, 925, 263, 2846, 14603, 393, 505, 1063, 23139, 1407, 10325, 29892, 988, 4045, 7359, 29915, 29873, 29892, 278, 1914, 414, 1122, 367, 25508, 1554, 29889, 8084, 29892, 1106, 16467, 472, 278, 5417, 29889, 7419, 472, 3692, 278, 5417, 505, 286, 1025, 470, 2148, 575, 362, 470, 526, 2898, 304, 1722, 29936, 445, 1033, 367, 263, 1804, 310, 19390, 4828, 29889, 3644, 385, 12271, 4845, 5114, 3058, 19600, 408, 376, 2696, 4046, 613, 769, 748, 1284, 263, 1422, 3271, 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house prices and so on. If you want to sell your home, find out how the realtor has done in the past. What you must find out is whether they tend to sell below, on or above the asking price. In most cases, if you want to sell your property, your agent will require you to sign an exclusivity agreement. This is a common procedure but it does not mean you lose any rights. For example, if you realtor does not represent you properly, you can always terminate the contract. All it means is that you are only able to work with a single agent at the same time. As a buyer, you do not have to sing such an agreement. However, some realtors are starting to insist on it. Last but not least, you need to understand the way realtors earn their living. Realtors can earn their money in a variety of different ways. In most cases, you will find that a realtor is paid a commission on the final sale price of the property, but some work on flat fees. Before you agree to work with a realtor, therefore, you must understand which one of the two constructions they work with. It is always a good idea to enlist the services of a realtor, whether you are buying or selling. Although most of us know at least one person who works as a realtor, don't be tempted to automatically go to them as they may not be the best to represent your needs. Let's review two issues of importance when it comes to choosing a realtor. Firstly, you should find out how experienced your realtor is. Usually, realtors with more experience are also better at their job. The best realtors got into the business before the recent economic crisis and are still working today. However, you also have to make sure that they have experience pertinent to your own needs. Someone who wants to flip properties, for instance, will have very different needs to someone who wants to find a home to raise a family in. The second thing you need to know if how much of an expert they are in terms of the geography and demographics you require. For example, those who want to purchase a ranch will need a realtor that understands soil conditions and production methods and who can also look into the homestead that comes with the ranch. If, on the other hand, you want to purchase a listed building or a historic property, you will need someone that has a very different type of experience. Once you have looked into experience, you must review the realtor's reputation as well. It is easy enough to find a realtor that has a really bad name, unfortunately. There are a number of tools at your disposal to find a good realtor, fortunately. Be sure to check the Better Business Bureau in terms of finding out how good the realtor is. Do make sure you also use social media to your advantage. It is very difficult to censor anything that appears on social media, meaning you can easily get your hands on honest reviews. Do also ask the opinion of people you know. Do make sure, however, that you look into any complaints you here and how these apply to you, and whether the realtor has been able to resolve them satisfactorily. Usually, seller's realtors will ask you sign an exclusive agreement with them. This is completely normal, but it doesn't mean you don't have rights. If, for example, you feel you are being poorly represented, you are allowed to terminate the contract. All the contract really prohibits is for you to work with more than one agent at the same time. Buyers, on the other hand, usually do not have to sign these contracts. However, there is a changing facing in the world and many now ask their buying clients to sign a contract as well. Realtors have to earn a living and you need to understand just how they do that. Realtors can earn their money in a variety of different ways. Although there are a few realtors who charge a flat fee, the majority of them will work on commission. Before you agree to work with a specific realtor, you have to find out which type of payment construction they opt for. Real estate investing can be both a complete failure or a complete success. Everybody believes that location, location, location is what matters the most, but it is actually more important to know who you are dealing with. Unfortunately, there are some really unscrupulous people in the world of real estate. Think of the people you see on late night television, who promise to make you a millionaire. Also, make sure that your investment isn't too risky. Although there is always a risk in real estate, some options are higher risk than others. 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Cougars to face Tennessee High on Friday By MASON CLARK This week will be very unique for Cougar football. We will be facing an opponent that we have never played before on the gridiron. In the 48 years of Cougar football, we have faced a total of 69 different opponents, from four different states, and the District of Columbia. We will face our 70th different opponent on Friday night, when the Tennessee High Vikings from Bristol, Tennessee will be welcomed to Dobson Stadium. There are some long streaks that will be broken on Friday night. It will be our first out-of-state opponent since 2000, when we played Bluefield (WV). It will also be our first time playing an opponent from Tennessee since 1996, when we beat Science Hill 38-13. We are 35-10 all-time against out-of-state opponents. That includes 2-1 against teams from the Volunteer State: a 27-0 win over Sullivan North in 1980, a 27-24 loss to Science Hill in 1995, and a 38-13 win over Science Hill in 1996. But that will matter little on Friday, when we face off with a team we've never seen before. Tennessee Preview Tennessee High School's sports teams are called the Vikings. The school has been playing football since 1911. They have two Tennessee state championships: 1971 and 1972. They went undefeated both years, 12-0 and 13-0, and after the 1972 season, USA Today crowned them as the number one high school football team in the nation. Interestingly, the Radford Bobcats won back-to-back state titles and went undefeated both years in 1971 and 1972 as well. The Vikings are coming off a disappointing 3-7 campaign last season. We were slated to play them last year, but they had COVID issues the week of the game and it got cancelled. But it appears we will finally play them for the first time. From what I've been able to find, Tennessee High runs some different formations and looks on offense. At least they did in their first game. They did lose 31-0 in week one, but to Dobyns-Bennett, a Tennessee powerhouse. The Vikings ran some splitback veer, similar to some of the Cougar offense, but out of different formations, and some spread formations more like what last year's Cougars did. They will be hungry and eager to shake off their first game, so expect a determined team to line up across from the Cougars on Friday. Surprisingly, Tennessee High is eerily similar to PCHS football over the past few years. In 2017, they went 6-5, Pulaski County went 6-4. In 2018, THS finished 8-4, exactly the same as PCHS. In 2019 the Vikings finished 9-2, while the Cougars finished 9-3. Then in the 2020-21 season, Tennessee High finished 4-4, and the Cougars finished 4-3. And last year, both teams had disappointing seasons, THS going 3-7, PCHS going 4-6. The Vikings are 30-22 over the past five seasons. The Cougars are 31-20. That is quite strange for two teams to be so close record wise over a five-year period. Also, like Pulaski County, the Tennessee High Vikings have a proud tradition, and the program has lots of pride within it, with great history, but also looking to get back to the top, just as we are. After a great night last week, continuing to get better and staying focused will be important. The team we will face on Friday will be better, and probably much better, than Northside was. Chris Gallimore had a fine game on Friday with 115 total yards (2/4 passing 35 yards, 80 rush yards 2 TD), and will look to continue the good start he's off to. Trevor Burton will also look to keep up the momentum he started last week, racking up 113 all-purpose yards and 2 touchdowns last week.	-0.41869	0.336349	-0.475804	-1.085687	[ -0.35431543465019333, -0.4830649249760768 ]	[ 0.6819406756301161, -0.009241956755435298 ]	[ -0.3470900868715952, -0.6045185509480986 ]	[ -1.2027484443817726, -0.968625120239013 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 315, 692, 1503, 304, 3700, 22664, 5057, 373, 28728, 13, 2059, 14861, 3094, 17332, 1718, 29968, 13, 4013, 4723, 674, 367, 1407, 5412, 363, 315, 692, 279, 5733, 29889, 1334, 674, 367, 14870, 385, 23995, 296, 393, 591, 505, 2360, 5318, 1434, 373, 278, 6856, 381, 265, 29889, 512, 278, 29871, 29946, 29947, 2440, 310, 315, 692, 279, 5733, 29892, 591, 505, 20050, 263, 3001, 310, 29871, 29953, 29929, 1422, 23995, 1237, 29892, 515, 3023, 1422, 5922, 29892, 322, 278, 7457, 310, 15411, 29889, 1334, 674, 3700, 1749, 29871, 29955, 29900, 386, 1422, 23995, 296, 373, 28728, 4646, 29892, 746, 278, 22664, 5057, 18503, 886, 515, 1771, 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What is the Achilles Tendon? A tendon is a band of tissue that connects a muscle to a bone. The Achilles tendon runs down the back of the lower leg and connects the calf muscle to the heel bone. Also called the "heel cord," the Achilles tendon facilitates walking by helping to raise the heel off the ground. What is an Achilles Tendon Rupture? An Achilles tendon rupture is a complete or partial tear that occurs when the tendon is stretched beyond its capacity. Forceful jumping or pivoting, or sudden accelerations of running, can overstretch the tendon and cause a tear. An injury to the tendon can also result from falling or tripping. Achilles tendon ruptures are most often seen in "weekend warriors" – typically, middle-aged people participating in sports in their spare time. Less commonly, illness or medications, such as steroids or certain antibiotics, may weaken the tendon and contribute to ruptures. A person with a ruptured Achilles tendon may experience one or more of the following: Sudden pain (which feels like a kick or a stab) in the back of the ankle or calf – often subsiding into a dull ache A popping or snapping sensation Swelling on the back of the leg between the heel and the calf Difficulty walking (especially upstairs or uphill) and difficulty rising up on the toes These symptoms require prompt medical attention to prevent further damage. Until the patient is able to see a doctor, the "R.I.C.E." method should be used. This involves: Rest. Stay off the injured foot and ankle, since walking can cause pain or further damage. Ice. Apply a bag of ice covered with a thin towel to reduce swelling and pain. Do not put ice directly against the skin. Compression. Wrap the foot and ankle in an elastic bandage to prevent further swelling. Elevation. Keep the leg elevated to reduce the swelling. It should be even with or slightly above heart level. In diagnosing an Achilles tendon rupture, the foot and ankle surgeon will ask questions about how and when the injury occurred and whether the patient has previously injured the tendon or experienced similar symptoms. The surgeon will examine the foot and ankle, feeling for a defect in the tendon that suggests a tear. Range of motion and muscle strength will be evaluated and compared to the uninjured foot and ankle. If the Achilles tendon is ruptured, the patient will have less strength in pushing down (as on a gas pedal) and will have difficulty rising on the toes. The diagnosis of an Achilles tendon rupture is typically straightforward and can be made through this type of examination. In some cases, however, the surgeon may order an MRI or other advanced imaging tests. Treatment options for an Achilles tendon rupture include surgical and non-surgical approaches. The decision of whether to proceed with surgery or non-surgical treatment is based on the severity of the rupture and the patient's health status and activity level. Non-surgical treatment, which is generally associated with a higher rate of re-rupture, is selected for minor ruptures, less active patients, and those with medical conditions that prevent them from undergoing surgery. Non-surgical treatment involves use of a cast, walking boot, or brace to restrict motion and allow the torn tendon to heal. Surgery offers important potential benefits. Besides decreasing the likelihood of re-rupturing the Achilles tendon, surgery often increases the patient's push-off strength and improves muscle function and movement of the ankle. Various surgical techniques are available to repair the rupture. The surgeon will select the procedure best suited to the patient. Following surgery, the foot and ankle are initially immobilized in a cast or walking boot. 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Of course it is, and again, one person can make change, but think of what a thousand or more could do that think and feel the same, it's my opinion, and to be able to voice my opinion is just That, and for you to voice yours is just that, yours. It all sounds great on paper, but where are you going to find Customers to pay the considerably higher freight bills to accommodate all of the pay and perks your Company will offer its Drivers. It is simple supply and demand. Capitalism if you will. There are Many Companies that offer much of what you spell out in your post. They Only hire the" Best and Brightest, so to speak. All of those things you mention will never be available to the majority of Drivers. That would be Utopia. Utopia does not exist here on Earth. Never has, Never will. Communists have been promising Utopia to the masses for generations and generations now. We know the results! I totally agree with you Brett, as you can read by the few replies, it's a topic that only few dare venture into, but again, I would do anything I could do to help my brother truck drivers .. the Driver is and always will be the heart and soul, and without him being told this and shown this, it's just an abuse of another man/ woman being prayed upon. The drivers are certainly the ones taking the most risk and making the most sacrifices to get freight moved around the country. No doubt about it. But at the same time there are an awful lot of drivers today working under conditions they're quite happy with. Most drivers that are working for successful carriers make very good money, especially for a blue collar job. Most are driving nearly new and very well maintained equipment. Most have solid benefits. Could things be better? Always. Could they be worse? Well they actually used to be quite a bit worse in a lot of ways. The trucks were far less comfortable and reliable. Many of the safety standards today either weren't enforced well or didn't exist at all years ago so drivers were running multiple logbooks and taking huge risks to make all the money they could. They were also forced into running illegal hours and unsafe equipment or they'd be sent packing. So wages have decreased relative to inflation but safety standards, driver protections, and even other areas within the industry like rest areas and truck stops have actually improved quite a bit over the years. So there's always room for improvement but it's gonna be a long, tough road. The profit margins are pretty slim in this industry so it's hard to really give drivers a sizeable wage increase and still remain profitable without making cutbacks elsewhere. Well, I this is a forum to share, and that's what I'm doing, just sharing my experiences and views, that's what Open Forum means, I'm not here to insure anyone, I'm simply stating facts, and I know there are SOME great Companies out there, it's just my opinion they are way to far few of them, and they can only hire so many? I would do anything that would benefit the driver, and I to would not want a mob scene or anything that would endanger a driver, I want to get the professional driver who is committed to this industry what he and his family deserve for the sacrifice we make each and every time we leave our family and go out and do a job that serves each and every person in this nation! And for all of you who don't take to heart of what we the professional truck driver do day in and day out,and take seriously, shame on you for not giving this industry what it deserves, 100 percent of safety, dedication and professionalism... You can hate all you want, bit you, will always be a part of the problem and not a part of the solution. Interestingly enough, most large corporations today were originally founded by some guy who thought he could do better than the current big players in the game were doing. Walmart was started out of disappointment for the way Kmart did things, Pappa Johns founded for the way Pizza Hut did things. So I'm all for people being disgruntled with the current situation to the point they're ready to take action. But creating a mob scene or going on strike isn't going to work in trucking. The industry is too fragmented. We need someone to start a company that pays their drivers so well and treats them so well that everyone will have to follow suit. 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SPORT WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY FEATURE Polar chief: We're not interested in chasing the Apple Watch But the company does want to better understand your health Thursday June 27, 2019 By Hugh Langley @hughlangley By Hugh Langley We're seeing a bit of a trend of wearable companies – those that have traditionally focused on athletes and gym buffs – trying to appeal to the mainstream market. Garmin and Fitbit are two good examples of companies building more versatile devices, yet Polar has remained steadfastly focused on fitness. And for the time being, at least, it seems that's where it will stay. "Polar's wheelhouse is athletic performance so it's important for us to really stay very focused on that area of the market," Polar's USA president Tom Fowler tells Wareable. "If we start trying to compete with Apple and say we're trying to get that customer, and appeal to that customer and go head to head with Apple in a pure smartwatch domain, that's probably not going to deliver a great result for Polar." Read this: The best running watches 2019 Polar's decision to seems like a risky bet, with smartwatches predicted to power a major surge in the wearables market over the next few years. Polar is trying to win by differentiation, appealing to the more "hardcore" athletes than more mainstream devices like the Apple Watch which, while rapidly improving, aren't yet at the same level. "Where we can win, and where we excel, is in really understanding the athletic use case, both fitness and high-end competitive athletes," says Fowler. "So we're very focused on that. That may mean we're not the right product for someone who's looking for a smartwatch, but that's also ok. We know who we are." Meanwhile, Garmin is spreading its bets across a wide range of devices, including an LTE-enabled smartwatch, as it fends off the encroaching Apple Watch. Instead, Polar is doubling down on athletic performance, with additions like FitSpark, a feature of the new Ignite smartwatch that mixes together fitness history and sleep quality data to tell users how much, and what type of, exercise they should be doing each day. But Polar is watching, always watching. While Fowler seems adamant that Polar has little interest in chasing Apple and Fitbit to make a more mass-appeal wearable, it is looking at what those companies are doing around deep health. In fact, Polar's latest sports watch measures the autonomic nervous system, which is made up of the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympatheticnervous system, and when examined can determine how recovered your body is from training. The ANS is calculated using a mix of resting heart rate, HRV and respiration rate, and blends this with FitSpark to give users personalised workouts depending on what their body is capable of taking on. In theory, that makes the ANS analysis far more useful than simply spitting out a number for users to interpret. Polar also uses both green and red lights on its watches, the latter being able to look deeper into the dermis to glean more interesting data. Garmin has this in some of its recent wearables too, and leverages it to let users see their blood oxygen saturation – but it doesn't claim this as a medical tool. Fitbit's boss also told us he believes its devices can use this optical data to track for signs of atrial fibrillation. We have chosen not to track SpO2, but we have the physical capabilities in our existing products "We probably could measure SpO2," says Fowler. "We have chosen not to do that just yet, but we have the physical capabilities in our existing products to do so. If and when we decide to do that will be determined largely on the basis of our confidence that what we're delivering is real. We could probably do something that's a little junky and get away with it, but that's not the way Polar historically likes to roll, so when we do something we make sure the science is really dead on. "How companies like Fitbit, Garmin or Polar or Apple navigate their way through when you start tip-toeing into medical health and predictive issues, it's very interesting, there's huge potential there." 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What was est? What was est? This came up at a lunch meeting the other day, in that two of us had seen Transformation: The Life and Legacy of Werner Erhard. You can watch it for free on Hulu. In a nutshell, Erhard understood that our sense of integrity as human beings is very bound up in our need to be right about stuff. That's just obvious grammatically (in Wittgenstein's sense). Who wants to believe a lot of garbage and have wrong ideas about everything? That's not cool. We want to be suave, smooth, and knowing. Or our need to be right takes other forms. We'd like to have the most appropriate responses to others in need. It's not a "bad thing" to wish for integrity and to defend that one has it. Understanding that, the est Training provided an environment that challenged one to become unstuck, where decisions and beliefs had actually led one astray. That's hard to look at, let alone admit, but the genius was having someone uniformly and in blanket fashion attack all belief systems at a metaphysical level. Why do you suppose how you feel about something has anything to do with how things really are? Why do you suppose your beliefs about things have anything to do with reality? The trainer gives off a kind of extreme skepticism that anyone in the room really has a grip. It takes a strong character to make hundreds of people wrong, but if you can pull it off in the right spirit (heh), you give even the most self-confident and self-secure an occasion to really question. Why not? Everyone else is, and you're not being singled out. Everyone gets pretty much the same treatment. The trainer makes everyone wrong. Then towards the end of the training, the trainer (a different person that weekend anyway) switches sides, metaphysically speaking, and makes you right. Now that you've had a chance to take a look, to make choices, you get to be responsible for what you've decided to keep, to hold onto. That's something you've chosen now, more than something you've inherited or absorbed unexamined. Of course in two weekends it would be impossible to look at every belief, assumption, character trait in that light, so it's more a matter of internalizing the process and contacting one's trainer within, a strong mentor or coach (in archetype) who is willing for you to let go of beliefs and attitudes that no longer serve you or add to the quality of your life or to that of the people around you. This doesn't mean you've been defanged or rendered less dangerous. On the contrary, when you see yourself as freely choosing your racket / act / role in the world, you may be willing to amp it up, because you sense it's making a positive difference. Certainly Werner's crew was behaving that way and I didn't blame them. They were on to something. :: celine dion :: :: afro blue jazz choir :: :: kurt elling :: Another OMSI Pub I joined the OMSI Science Pub impromptu yesterday, knowing nothing about what it would be. I grabbed a seat, saving the one next to me, and was going to Facebook "come 'n get it" but then thought to call Glenn and text Trevor. Lew Scholl has been to these before and I'd texted him too. As it turned out, Trevor could join me and our walking and meeting afterward was productive as usual. This turned out to be one of two OMSI Science Pubs going on. The subject was Biomimicry. The speaker, Richard Louv, said he didn't do slides, or had done, but proved inept at using them. "Not HTT material" I could hear the generals thinking (big emphasis on PowerPoint in that program) -- more like a late model boy scout. They used to make fun of the fat kid at camp, and how everything was so much harder on the obstacle course. Now we're all that fat kid (obesity rates where front and center in the OMSI slides), so we've toned it down quite a bit, so as not to offend ourselves. Teasing is the most politically incorrect thing you can do almost, especially where there might be hurt feelings involved. Unless you're trying to make it funny. There's some tough screening if so. 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clear about that. He hadn't lectured in quite this setting before: so much booze (the event is held in a brew pub). Being not from around here, he's maybe not quite so relaxed. "What is nature?" is actually a good question, as to think vast cities are not natural is to be a little bit crazy, I have to say. But that's OK. Richard sounded quite apologetic for his profession's being so invested in pessimism and despair sometimes. He was speaking of journalism. The message he wanted to deliver was there's still hope -- something along those lines. I just advised Koski to attend Bridges, as he was already leaning, and to get to the SNEC event about looking back at Black Mountain College, where Ken Snelson and a lot of the Catlin Gabel people went to school. Asheville is near Hendersonville where I used to camp out in a trailer with the maternal gypsy grandparent (gypsy more in lifestyle then per "some secret" gene only gypsies know about). I could potentially get there. Gathering for Gardener is another one I always plan to attend. Had I gone the first year I was invited, I could have met him. Now I'm like Muhammad Ali felt about Ho Chi Minh: "if only I'd gone earlier, we could have met." I mention Ho because I've again be revisiting that historical period, rereading about Nixon's secret bombings and the campaign against the dikes. The idea that lying in the short term would not catch up with one was apparently accepted among the "real politik" crowd of the day, which is all narrated from a back stage point of view these days in that we see everything. Here's Jane Fonda on her way into Hanoi, looking out the airplane window. What is it she sees? I couldn't put it down and it was only like $6 one of Indiana's few well stocked bookstores. I gratefully acquired it and went on reading to the end. The bottom line is she's got a brave heart and her relationships with the young men of her generation helped keep some cultural cohesion going, whereas the Dr. Strangelovey types, Blue Meanies (many of them DC-based) had simply gone off the deep end and lost touch with humanity. They'd been abducted in a bad way you might say, whereas our abductees generally benefit (insider joke). The apartment on Chavez is starting to see more action, as the former chairman of Pythonia had intended. Michelle has organized one of those PyLadies events where men are allowed by invitation as guests, but don't get to run the show or even collude to do so. Sometimes women feel undermined by men, who compare notes behind their backs in mysterious ways, but then that feeling is mutual. Coming to a balance within oneself is the age old wisdom on this one. If you're up to something positive, then there's no real guilt in being "caught" in the act. It's like when Santa Claus is tip toeing around the tree and the lights go on. "Hey, just doing my job, gotta run!". Who'd wanna get in his way? Psychiatrists, sure, but who else? Anyway, the trainer will pitch her tent at Steve's, who is off in Spain or somewhere. He doesn't like to see perfectly good resources going to waste. That's an engineer for ya. We multitask for a living. I found out about Catlin Gabel's ties to Black Mountain when I was extended an invitation to one of their Thanksgiving gatherings at the Oregon coast many years ago. I met some dear people and later went with more family, namely Dawn and Alexia (Tara was not born yet). I was later to enjoy more correspondence and visits with Kenneth Snelson himself, with whom I associate that college. I forget when Thinking Out Loud came out on public television, but sometime after these Thanksgivings. Lots of Black Mountain in there too, including interviews with graduates. My mom tried to switch me to Catlin when I was little. She was freaking out about New Math which just seemed too off the rails (not what she remembered from math class). They must have had a different site back then, as I remember a large stone staircase (I went with her). 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Here are few lines on some of our players Katrina Darke I started playing the violin at the age of 8. I have always loved orchestral playing, and in my 20s did this professionally. I then retrained and became a doctor, returning to the violin as an amateur a few years ago. Favourite conductor – Bernard Haitink (who sadly passed in 2021) Favourite violinist – the young Maria Wloszczowska who we are so lucky to have had playing with us on two occasions with BHCO Career highlight – Wagner's Ring at the ROH under Haitink Peter Evans I was a comparatively late starter in music: at secondary school I was so fortunate to have a wonderfully inspirational teacher who helped me to discover for myself the inexhaustible treasure that is music. I went on to study music at university and my subsequent musical career has included teaching, improvisation, composition, jazz, folk music, and of course, classical music performance. I'm grateful to have had a second career in mental health nursing. I worked in the NHS for many years, retiring 10 years ago. There, I found that my musical background was an invaluable personal resource: as a therapist, in listening and responding, and from group music-making, a sensitivity to the requirements for effective multidisciplinary team membership and leadership. I'm now back to full-time music, although long-distance cycling, yoga, and looking after my young grandson are also all important calls on my time! Lucy Beveridge I started playing the flute aged seven, playing in school bands in Bath and Bristol and realised I particularly enjoyed soaring above the other instruments on the piccolo! I went away to music college and returned to Bristol to deliver music education and perform. I enjoy listening to music, but being part of an orchestra such as BHCO is so exhilarating. A career highlight was playing piccolo in Lutoslawski's Little Suite under the baton of Ewa Strusinska. When I'm not playing or teaching music I am running around the sights of Bristol. Jeff Stanford I've been playing the violin since the age of 8. I studied Russian and French, and later did a postgraduate year of violin study with Richard Ireland. I've played in many different orchestras including the Ecuadorian National Symphony Orchestra, the Bangkok Symphony Orchestra, the Nord Deutsche Orchesterakademie. Highlights in my playing life: Mahler 2 with bhco and Martyn Brabbins – unbelievably exciting Der Ring ohne Worte with NDO in the Berlin Philharmonie – all the Wagner earworms you could ever want Elgar 3 – as reconceived by Tony Payne with Brunel Ensemble My main job now is as a Teaching Fellow in Applied Linguistics at the University of Leicester. I've stopped living in the Bristol area, but love this orchestra and rarely miss a concert. I started the piano when I was 7, the violin when I was 8 and the harp when I was 9. I couldn't decide whether I wanted to play harp or violin when I was in youth orchestra, so I kept on with both of them. Each instrument brings different challenges. As a harpist you are very much on your own – you have to count like made and concentrate like crazy. Maybe that's why I love playing my violin so much. I like being part of a 'team' – whilst it's fun to practice on your own, the music only comes alive when you are playing in a section and blending with your desk partner, the rest of the violins and the orchestra as a whole. Musical highlights with Brandon Hill Chamber Orchestra include performing the 4 main Mozart operas and, more recently, the Bartok Concerto for Orchestra with Catherine Larsen-Maguire and Shostakovich 10 with Andrew Shulman. I am a freelance training consultant helping organisations who want to improve their culture and get better at coping with change. John Lang I reluctantly started cello lessons at the age of 10 when playing football had much greater appeal. I was given my current cello two years later when it was obtained by my father in exchange for a ten pound piano tuning job; sixty five years later it is still my my regular instrument. Performing	1.287925	0.402603	0.973023	-0.175858	[ 1.1536972126774419, 1.422153596761199 ]	[ 0.29874615922983633, 0.5064590746617637 ]	[ 1.1049079001608988, 0.8411388335209349 ]	[ -0.4652599733320799, 0.11354491135418682 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 2266, 526, 2846, 3454, 373, 777, 310, 1749, 10769, 13, 29968, 8141, 1099, 7335, 446, 13, 29902, 4687, 8743, 278, 5537, 262, 472, 278, 5046, 310, 29871, 29947, 29889, 306, 505, 2337, 18012, 22624, 342, 1705, 8743, 29892, 322, 297, 590, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29879, 1258, 445, 6351, 635, 29889, 306, 769, 29578, 1312, 322, 3897, 263, 11619, 29892, 7863, 304, 278, 5537, 262, 408, 385, 28800, 263, 2846, 2440, 8020, 29889, 13, 29943, 485, 473, 568, 7512, 272, 785, 13337, 379, 1249, 682, 313, 15970, 14610, 368, 4502, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29897, 13, 29943, 485, 473, 568, 5537, 262, 391, 785, 278, 4123, 6217, 399, 5409, 29920, 2067, 340, 4621, 1058, 591, 526, 577, 9885, 29891, 304, 505, 750, 8743, 411, 502, 373, 1023, 26108, 411, 350, 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29889, 306, 471, 2183, 590, 1857, 274, 3156, 1023, 2440, 2678, 746, 372, 471, 7625, 491, 590, 4783, 297, 14523, 363, 263, 3006, 282, 618, 11914, 18515, 292, 4982, 29936, 1354, 29312, 5320, 2440, 2678, 372, 338, 1603, 590, 590, 4943, 11395, 29889, 27313, 292 ]	186	0	CommonCrawl	20	25
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Another interesting feature is the optional Active Curve System, a semi-active suspension that uses electronic sensors, an engine-driven hydraulic pump and electronically controlled hydraulic	-0.399515	0.023885	-1.026169	-0.696782	[ -0.04339911226747472, -0.7556303353468302 ]	[ -0.5231523595913246, 0.5709217035889135 ]	[ -1.2994485919033882, -0.7528886509330783 ]	[ -0.9946388229215418, -0.3989250314916314 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 12391, 3458, 825, 21869, 5429, 366, 29889, 7197, 2712, 2041, 297, 4802, 9741, 29892, 10630, 351, 336, 3248, 482, 29892, 2086, 29889, 13, 1576, 937, 2655, 599, 11233, 414, 8369, 310, 274, 29900, 332, 344, 29892, 338, 15877, 1847, 29892, 322, 12729, 1838, 29915, 29873, 23451, 373, 445, 8158, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 2309, 3448, 411, 278, 901, 2908, 29891, 1106, 310, 967, 26328, 12623, 29892, 20590, 10630, 351, 336, 7395, 694, 2225, 3395, 29892, 322, 372, 1286, 3430, 901, 28563, 293, 29892, 10630, 351, 336, 270, 13873, 29892, 901, 4972, 292, 29892, 322, 884, 5692, 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La Crosse bishop to correct 'Catholics can't be Democrats' priest Fr. James Altman. YouTube screenshot. CNA Staff, Sep 9, 2020 / 03:32 pm MT (CNA).- After a Wisconsin priest said in a viral video that no Catholic can be a Democrat, the priest's bishop will attempt fraternal correction, and said Wednesday the priest has inflicted a "wound" upon the Church. A Texas bishop, however, has doubled down on his support for the priest. "I am applying Gospel principles to the correction of Fr. Altman. 'If your brother does something wrong to you, go to him. Talk alone to him and tell him what he has done. If he listens to you, you have kept your brother as a friend. But if he does not listen to you, take one or two others with you to talk to him.' (Mt 18:15-16)." "I have begun this process, not in the bright light of the public arena, but as the Gospel dictates, in private," Bishop William Callahan of La Crosse said in a Sept. 9 statement. "Canon law indicates that before penalties are imposed, we need to ensure that fraternal correction, rebuke or other means of pastoral solicitude will not be sufficient to repair the scandal," the bishop added, in reference to canon 1341 of the Church's Code of Canon Law. Fr. James Altmann, a priest of La Crosse, gained attention after an Aug. 30 video was published on YouTube, in which the priest said that "You can not be Catholic and be a Democrat. Period." In the ten-minute video, which has been viewed on YouTube more than 400,000 times, the priest said that he had "crunched the numbers," and "I came up with a pretty close approximation of how many Catholics voted for Obama in 2008 and 2012. Zero." "There will be 60 million aborted babies standing at the gates of heaven barring your Democrat entrance," Altman added, while criticizing the Democratic platform's commitment to legal protection for abortion. The priest also decried the "climate change hoax," and lamented "DACA- which means criminal illegal aliens," he said. He also criticized Archbishop Wilton Gregory, and praised President Donald Trump as "one of the best pro-life presidents." While the Catholic Church condemns support for the legal protection of abortion, it does not prohibit membership in the Democratic Party, and in recent months, some bishops have recognized the voices of pro-life Democrats advocating for changes to their party's platform on the issue of abortion. The priest's video gained even more attention after Tyler, Texas Bishop Joseph Strickland "endorsed" it over the weekend. "As the Bishop of Tyler I endorse Fr Altman's statement in this video. My shame is that it has taken me so long. Thank you Fr Altman for your COURAGE. If you love Jesus & His Church & this nation...pleases HEED THIS MESSAGE," Strickland tweeted Sept. 5. As the Bishop of Tyler I endorse Fr Altman's statement in this video. My shame is that it has taken me so long. Thank you Fr Altman for your COURAGE. If you love Jesus & His Church & this nation...pleases HEED THIS MESSAGE https://t.co/D413G0lfQV — Bishop J. Strickland (@Bishopoftyler) September 5, 2020 Strickland did not respond to questions regarding the video from CNA, but did email a statement Wednesday afternoon, in which the bishop reiterated on his support for Altman's video. "I support Fr. James Altman's video because I believe, not only Catholic Christians, but ALL God's people must ask themselves some tough questions each time they prepare to cast their vote in any local, state, or national election. "Voting is not an easy task nor one to be taken lightly. On the contrary; it requires research, prayer, and discernment. We must ask ourselves- Do we believe in God. Do we as a nation believe in God?" Strickland wrote, adding that Catholics must also ask themselves if they believe in God's commandment's and in Catholic	-0.404993	-0.618056	-0.730538	-0.387869	[ -0.48169524954707804, -0.3282916014992169 ]	[ -0.5697087027053772, -0.666402646096102 ]	[ -0.5978609182564648, -0.863215135537294 ]	[ -0.46005723279557414, -0.3156811829075391 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 997, 315, 1883, 344, 26201, 304, 1959, 525, 29907, 6347, 1199, 508, 29915, 29873, 367, 14189, 1446, 29915, 18781, 13, 14438, 29889, 5011, 10790, 1171, 29889, 14711, 17286, 29889, 13, 29907, 3521, 15351, 29892, 29639, 29871, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29900, 847, 29871, 29900, 29941, 29901, 29941, 29906, 26354, 341, 29911, 313, 29907, 3521, 467, 29899, 13, 13555, 263, 22581, 18781, 1497, 297, 263, 10636, 284, 4863, 393, 694, 11865, 508, 367, 263, 4432, 16909, 29892, 278, 18781, 29915, 29879, 26201, 674, 4218, 20998, 17196, 26385, 29892, 322, 1497, 15050, 4515, 3250, 278, 18781, 756, 3041, 506, 9446, 263, 376, 29893, 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Retired persons often wish to enhance their current income. Many even want to make a contribution back to their community. These seemingly opposing wishes can be reconciled through a Charitable Gift Annuity, a form of planned giving. A charitable gift annuity involves a contribution of assets to a non-profit organization in exchange for fixed income payments under the terms of an annuity contract. Let's examine how the annuity works. First, how is the income amount determined? The fixed income is calculated using a fixed annuity rate (percentage) multiplied by the initial contribution. The rate (percentage) depends on the age of the person, or persons (if a couple), receiving the payments, and on the payment start date. The American Council on Gift Annuities publishes rate tables (available on-line) that many non-profits follow. These rates ensure that the charity keeps approximately 50% of the value of what was contributed to purchase the charitable gift annuity. For example, using the current tables, a person age 70 years, seeking an immediate gift annuity for his lifetime only could expect to receive an annual return (annuity) of 5.7 percent on the value of his initial one time contribution. If he contributes $100,000, then he will receive $5,700 each year for the rest of his life. [Note: The rate would decrease slightly if he received monthly or quarterly payments.] Moreover, if a couple were to purchase a charitable gift annuity and receive payments over their combined life expectancy – so that the surviving spouse would continue to receive annuity payments –then the rate would reflect the couple's combined actuarial life expectancy. Second, what assets can be contributed to "purchase" the annuity? Often these annuities are purchased with cash. Sometimes a charity will accept stocks and bonds or a residence (or ranch) in exchange for the annuity. Third, what are the tax consequences to a charitable gift annuity? If cash is contributed, then the consequences are as follows: (1) an immediate tax deduction in the year of the gift for the so-called present value of the charitable remainder; which means the excess of the initial cash contribution over the present value over the lifetime annuity income stream; and (2) annual recognition of ordinary income on the annuity interest income. If appreciated stocks or bonds are contributed, then in addition to ordinary interest income each year, capital gains will incrementally be recognized each year over the term of the annuity. Gradual recognition of the capital gains is usually much better than immediate recognition. That recognition would occur if one were to sell the stock first, and then "purchase" the charitable gift annuity. Lastly, charitable gift annuities presume a significant charitable intent on the part of the donor. Persons charitably included who wish both to make an immediate gift while alive and increase their income, may be interested. If so, call the planned giving department of the intended non-profit organization and request literature; then evaluate this option with your financial planner. Editor's Note: Dennis A. Fordham is an attorney licensed to practice law in California and New York. He concentrates his practice in the areas of estate planning and aspects of elder law. His office is at 55 1st Street, Lakeport, California. He can be reached by e-mail at dennis@dennisfordhamlaw.com or by phone at 707-263-3235. The information contained in this website is for general information purposes only. The information is provided by the Law Office of Dennis Fordham. and while we endeavour to keep the information up to date and correct, we make no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied, about the completeness, accuracy, reliability, suitability or availability with respect to the website or the information, services, or related graphics contained on the website for any purpose. Any reliance you place on such information is therefore strictly at your own risk. Through this website you are able to link to other websites which are not under the control of Law Office of Dennis Fordham. We have no control over the nature, content and availability of those sites. The inclusion of any links does not necessarily imply a recommendation or endorse the views expressed within them. Every effort is made to keep the website up and running smoothly. 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Publish Date May 23, 2022 Optimal Difelikefalin Dose Reported for Pruritus in Hemodialysis Natasha Persaud Difelikefalin at a dose of 0.5 μg/kg is expected to be a new option in Japan for the treatment of moderate to severe pruritus in patients receiving hemodialysis. Credit: Getty Images. The most effective difelikefalin dose for pruritus in patients with hemodialysis is 0.5 μg/kg, a Japanese study concludes. The US FDA approved difelikefalin, a kappa opioid receptor agonist, for the treatment of moderate to severe pruritus in 2021 at a recommended dose of 0.5 μg/kg. No clear dose response was observed, however, in a 2020 US randomized trial. In this phase 2 trial, investigators randomly assigned 247 Japanese patients with moderate to severe pruritus to 8 weeks of treatment with intravenous difelikefalin (administered at the end of each hemodialysis session) at doses of 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 μg/kg or placebo. The change from baseline to week 8 in the weekly mean Worst Itching Intensity Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) score was −2.86 in the placebo group, −2.97 in the 0.25 μg/kg of difelikefalin group, −3.65 in the 0.5 μg/kg of difelikefalin group, and −3.64 in the 1.0 μg/kg of difelikefalin group. Significant adjusted mean differences of −0.80 and −0.78 in NRS score were found in the 0.5 μg/kg and 1.0 μg/kg of difelikefalin groups, respectively, compared with placebo, Ichiei Narita, MD, PhD, of Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan, and colleagues reported in JAMA Network Open. By 8 weeks, the Skindex-16 overall score had decreased by 27.79 and 22.69 points and the 5-D itch scale total score had decreased by 6.5 and 6.8 points in the 0.5 μg/kg and 1.0 μg/kg of difelikefalin groups, respectively, indicating improvement with these treatment doses. The study did not evaluate skin findings. "Dose-response analysis showed clearly that the response to difelikefalin was inadequate at 0.25 μg/kg and that a dose of at least 0.5 μg/kg is required," the investigators wrote. Adverse events (AEs) occurred in 67% of the placebo group and 72%, 77%, and 85% of the 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 μg/kg of difelikefalin groups, respectively. AEs occurred in a significantly greater proportion of the 1.0 μg/kg of difelikefalin group than the placebo group: 85% vs 67%, the investigators reported. Central nervous system AEs, such as somnolence and dizziness, were more frequent in the 1.0 μg/kg of difelikefalin group. No dependency or deaths were reported. "The current efficacy and safety data indicate that a dose of 0.5 μg/kg should be the clinically recommended dose of difelikefalin for Japanese patients receiving dialysis," according to Dr Narita's team. "This finding is in accordance with those of previous clinical studies conducted in the US and indicates that the typical dialysis conditions in Japan did not affect the efficacy of difelikefalin, just as other factors, such as race, age, and physique, also have no effect." Disclosure: This research was supported by Kissei Pharmaceutical Co Ltd and Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co Ltd. Please see the original reference for a full list of disclosures. 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Home › PSYC 354 PSYC354 Module 5 Homework 5 (Liberty University) PSYC 354 PSYC354 Module 5 Homework 5 (Liberty University) PSYC 354 Module 5 Homework 5 Homework 5 Z-Scores Be sure you have reviewed this module/week's lessons and presentations along with the practice data analysis before proceeding to the homework exercises. Complete all analyses in SPSS, and then copy and paste your output and graphs into your homework document file. Number all responses. Answer any written questions (such as the text-based questions or the APA Participants section) in the appropriate place within the same file. Review the "Homework Instructions: General" document for an example of how homework assignments must look. Part I: Concepts These questions are based on the Nolan and Heinzen reading and end-of-chapter questions 1. What are always the mean and standard deviation of the z-distribution? 2. Define the central limit theorem. 3. Fill in the blanks: A z-score is based on a distribution of _____________, while a z-statistic is based on a distribution of __________________. 4. End-of-chapter problems: Remember to show work to receive partial credit where applicable. For help working on these problems, refer to the presentation from this module/week on the normal curve and computing z-scores. • Raw and z-scores: 6.16 and 6.20 • Estimating percentages under normal curve: 6.27 • Distribution of means and z-statistic: 6.28 and 6.30 Part II: SPSS Analysis 1. Green and Salkind, Lesson 21, Exercise 1 Open the "Lesson 21 Exercise File 1" document (found in the course's Assignment Instructions folder) in order to complete these exercises. a. Create a histogram of the anxiety raw scores and paste it into your homework document. b. Using the descriptives method covered in the presentation and chapter, transform the anxiety raw scores to z-scores, creating a new variable called "z_anxiety." Paste the output of descriptive statistics in your homework document. These descriptive statistics should describe the original raw scores and not the new z scores. c. Remember that the mean of a standard normal distribution is z = 0 and the standard deviation is 1. What is the z-score that is closest to 0 (on either side of the mean) in your data set? What is the z-score that is the farthest from 0 (on either side of the mean) in your data set? d. Based on the histogram from (a) and the answers to (c), would you describe the anxiety data as being normally distributed? Why or why not? Support your answer with information from the chapter and presentations regarding normal and standard normal z-distributions. Part III: SPSS Data Entry and Analysis The following data represent IQ scores of a sample of 30 high school students. In the general population, IQ scores have a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. IQ Scores Generate descriptive statistics and a histogram for this variable. Based on the data and graph, choose 1 measure of central tendency and 1 measure of dispersion (variability) that best describes the data set. Justify why you chose these measuresin a statement beneath the output. In your data set, standardize the IQ scores by transforming them into z-scores under a new variable "ZIQ." Using your data set as a reference, what z-score corresponds to a raw IQ score of 115? To a raw IQ score of 60? To a raw IQ score of 104? Based on what you have been told about IQ scores in the beginning of the problem, does this sample's distribution seem to reflect the distribution of IQ scores in the general population? Why or why not? Part IV: Cumulative 1. (Non-SPSS) A cognitive psychologist wants to find out whether playing Minecraft® affects fourth graders' scores on a visuospatial task. He assigns 30 fourth graders to 1 of 2 groups. Group 1 plays Minecraft® for 20 minutes, then completes the visuospatial task. 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After home games, he has a routine. Pretenders? The Wholesale Jerseys Usa Bearcats won by 15. We reserve the right to edit a comment that is quoted or excerpted in an article. 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If that wasn't enough to set the table for a Wild win, consider that the game… To say Sanikiluaq, Nvt., is remote is an understatement; the community of less than 900 sits on an island in the middle of the Hudson Bay. ET on Wednesday, March 13, clubs are permitted to contact and enter into contract negotiations with the certified agents of players who will become unrestricted free agents upon expiration of their 2018 player contracts at 4 p.m. Harry's stock has the potential to shoot up, a la Mike Evans, so Stanford's J.J. Contact for IPCC : For written closed captioning complaints or concerns you may contact: Mark Turits Vice President, Captioning and Video Description CBS Television Network 524 West 57th Street New York, NY 10019 Att: Mail Stop . MLBPA just another union currently being crushed by technology We are not witnessing the death of the Major League Baseball Players Association. Alabama got revenge in the 2017 Sugar Bowl, a 24 victory in which Jalen Hurts threw a pair of TD passes. In the majority of U.S markets, hockey is almost an afterthought compared to the popularity of the NFL, NCAA, NBA and MLB. Cheap NFL Jerseys Nike In addition, Mr. The Saints were ranked number one by the National Football League in Cheap Detroit Pistons Jerseys Overall Gameday Satisfaction for the 2017 season in a survey conducted Wholesale NFL Jerseys Nike by the NFL's League Observation Program and third party Expert Review Audits of all 32 clubs in an eight-category review. The 30-year-old left-hander would be under team control for the 2019 and 2020 seasons, however he likely will command a fairly decent haul. As Wholesale Jerseys Usa with all packages we sell, we guarantee you a profit or we will work for free Cheap NFL Jerseys Nike until we do. AS PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, UNDER NO Wholesale Cincinnati Bengals Jerseys CIRCUMSTANCES WILL ANY BROWNS PARTIES BE RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, including personal injury or death or for any direct, indirect, economic, exemplary, special, punitive, incidental, or consequential	-1.629483	-1.516951	-2.004524	-1.534423	[ -1.580174943604084, -1.6787915744919948 ]	[ -1.6960140803491903, -1.3378883640872465 ]	[ -1.9690162226048353, -2.040030971315595 ]	[ -1.983159524857638, -1.0856867823103928 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 2860, 3271, 8090, 29892, 540, 756, 263, 26529, 29889, 349, 2267, 21043, 29973, 450, 806, 6544, 744, 5677, 344, 952, 501, 4977, 23606, 29883, 1446, 2113, 491, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 1334, 23986, 278, 1492, 304, 3863, 263, 3440, 393, 338, 23153, 470, 429, 2265, 415, 287, 297, 385, 4274, 29889, 7997, 2175, 16578, 9849, 7997, 1492, 16578, 9849, 23186, 9849, 14187, 501, 2096, 12753, 270, 1862, 9849, 9943, 16578, 9849, 22608, 9849, 22608, 9849, 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Conversations With Great Thinkers 12. Physics by L. James Hammond © L. James Hammond 2017 1. Physics and the Occult There is a striking agreement between modern physics and modern philosophy/psychology. To summarize modern physics is to review the ideas we've discussed earlier in this book; instead of calling this chapter "Physics," I could have called it "Summary of the Previous Chapters." In an earlier chapter, I wrote, Mind and matter overlap; there is no 'pure spirit', divorced from matter, and there is no 'dead matter', lacking all spirit and energy. The whole universe is suffused with energy, with a kind of consciousness.1 This conclusion was based on philosophy and psychology, but it agrees with the conclusions of physics. Einstein's famous equation, e=mc2, says that there is enormous energy in all matter. "Mass is only a form of energy.... Even the tiniest, the very tiniest particle of matter has within it a tremendous amount of concentrated energy."2 But Einstein's theory isn't the only way in which modern science confirms what I wrote earlier; quantum mechanics also confirms it. The astounding discovery awaiting newcomers to physics is that the evidence gathered in the development of quantum mechanics indicates that subatomic 'particles' constantly appear to be making decisions! More than that, the decisions they seem to make are based on decisions made elsewhere. Subatomic particles seem to know instantaneously what decisions are made elsewhere, and elsewhere can be as far away as another galaxy! ...."The central mystery of quantum theory," wrote Henry Stapp, "is, How does information get around so quick?" ....The philosophical implication of quantum mechanics is that all of the things in our universe (including us) that appear to exist independently are actually parts of one all-encompassing organic pattern, and that no parts of that pattern are ever really separate from it or from each other.3 Stapp's question, "How does information get around so quick?" is also a key question in occult studies. If someone is killed in a car accident in New York, and their mother, who is in California, senses that something is wrong with them, the question arises, "How does information get around so quick?" One wonders if physicists like Stapp realized that students of the occult were asking the same questions they were asking. Physics is merging with philosophy/psychology, just as Western thought is merging with Eastern thought. Are we on the brink of a grand synthesis — a philosophy that will unite the sciences and the humanities, West and East? How does information get around so quick — in the world of subatomic particles, and in the human world? It seems that particles and people can exert some sort of influence from a distance (action-at-a-distance). Newton was a rational thinker who sought clear causes and effects, hence he angrily rejected the possibility of action-at-a-distance: That one body may act upon another at a distance through a vacuum without the mediation of anything else, by and through which their action and force may be conveyed from one to another, is to me so great an absurdity that, I believe, no man who has in philosophic matters a competent faculty of thinking could ever fall into it.4 Newton tried to show that the whole universe was like a pool table, with objects influencing each other by their momentum and contact. Now, however, physicists are finding that a ball on one pool table can influence a ball on a different table, without coming into contact with it. Newton's mechanical worldview is breaking down, and the old concept of action-at-a-distance is coming back into favor. How does information get around so quick? How can particles "know" what other particles are doing? Some physicists are reaching for Jung's concept of synchronicity.5 Physicists are unable to explain quantum phenomena in physical terms, Newtonian terms, so they're reaching out to psychology, to the occult, for explanations. They're reaching out to an "acausal" principle (synchronicity). They're moving away from the bedrock of rational-scientific thinking: causality. (Wouldn't Newton be horrified?) Niels Bohr said that quantum mechanics entails, "the necessity of a final renunciation of the classical ideal of causality and a radical revision of our attitude toward the problem of physical reality."6 Newton's world is crumbling! 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: two paired particles, with opposite spin, are sent in opposite directions. The spin of one of the particles is changed. The other particle's spin also changes, at the same instant, without any apparent cause. Somehow the particle traveling in area B "knows" that its twin in area A is spinning right instead of up and so it spins left instead of down. In other words, what we did in area A... affected what happened in area B. This strange phenomenon is known as the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) effect.... Physicists realized that this peculiar situation raises a critical question: "How can two of anything communicate so quickly?"7 Experiments like this inspired Bell's Theorem. Bell's Theorem is a mathematical proof, first published in 1964; it demonstrates that action-at-a-distance is possible, and that "our commonsense ideas about the world are profoundly deficient."8 Bell's Theorem develops the EPR effect into a mathematical proof, applicable to the macroscopic world as well as the microscopic world. One prominent physicist said, "Bell's Theorem is the most profound discovery of science."9 Bell's Theorem was confirmed and refined by the Clauser-Freedman experiment (1972) and by the Aspect experiment (1982). Bell's Theorem suggests communication between particles that is "superluminal" — that is, faster than the speed of light. Bell's Theorem suggests that the principle of local causes (also known as "locality") is false, and action-at-a-distance is possible. Bell's Theorem is not only difficult for Newton to swallow, it's also difficult for modern physicists to swallow; doubtless Einstein would be uncomfortable with Bell's Theorem, as he was with the EPR effect. But Bell's Theorem wouldn't be difficult for alchemists or Jungians to swallow; alchemists would say, "nothing new, just another example of action-at-a-distance," and Jungians would say, "nothing new, just another example of synchronicity." Can any particles communicate at a distance, or only particles that were once intimately connected? A similar question arises in the study of the occult: can any two people communicate telepathically, or only people who were once intimately connected, such as a mother and her child? Gary Zukav speculates that when "separate parts" interact with each other, they (their wave functions) become correlated (through the exchange of conventional signals).... Unless this correlation is disrupted by other external forces, the wave functions representing these "separate parts" remain correlated forever.10 Could this reasoning provide a basis for astrology? Could a particular planet become "correlated" to a person at the time of his birth, as a result of its position, its proximity to the earth? Could there be correlations between many seemingly-separate things? "If the Big Bang theory is correct, the entire universe is initially correlated."11 Is anything really separate, or is everything part of one inter-connected world? According to James Frazer, the famous student of primitive religion, primitive man believed that "things which have once been in contact with each other continue to act on each other at a distance after the physical contact has been severed."12 Frazer was a rational thinker, so he dismissed this belief as a primitive superstition, but now we find that primitive thinking is strikingly similar to modern science and modern philosophy. Like the modern physicist, primitive man believed that the world was an organic whole, a whole in which all parts were connected. Many primitive beliefs that were once dismissed as superstition now appear to be based on a deep understanding of reality. 2. One Inter-Connected World Earlier we quoted Zukav's remark that, "all of the things in our universe (including us) that appear to exist independently are actually parts of one all-encompassing organic pattern." This reminds us of the Hermetic philosophy. One of the basic tenets of the Hermetics is that the world is one (unus mundus), the world is an organic whole, and each part of the world is connected to every other part. What the Hermetics refer to as "occult correspondences" is closely related to what Jung refers to as "acausal connections" and "synchronicity." Jung is part of the Hermetic Tradition. 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air. These men were scientists, rational thinkers; Hermes Trismegistus was no friend of theirs, and neither was Carl Jung. Heisenberg said, I remember discussions with Bohr [in 1927] which went through many hours till very late at night and ended almost in despair; and when at the end of the discussion I went alone for a walk in the neighboring park I repeated to myself again and again the question: Can nature possibly be as absurd as it seemed to us in these atomic experiments?13 The world of quantum mechanics may be new, strange, and irrational, but it isn't pessimistic, any more than Jung is pessimistic, any more than Eastern thought is pessimistic. There's no reason why quantum mechanics should throw us into despair, except that it alters our worldview, it shakes the ground under our feet (if we're rational thinkers). Doubtless Newton's worldview was unsettling when it first appeared. Even in the Romantic period, intellectuals were depressed by Newton's cold determinism, and one Romantic lamented that the world lay in pieces at his feet; he hoped that these separate and disconnected pieces could be put back together again. Now they have. If the world is "one all-encompassing organic pattern," then we're connected to nature, connected to the universe, and even death can't sever this connection. The new worldview should raise our spirits, not throw us into despair. A world that's full of mysteries is more exciting than a mechanical, Newtonian world. Paranormal phenomena are like an unexplored continent. Shouldn't we rejoice that in this old world of ours there are still unexplored continents? 3. Beginner's Mind Zukav says that a scientist should accept reality as he sees it, even if that lands him in contradiction and nonsense; he says that a scientist must have "a beginner's mind.... a childlike ability to see the world as it is, and not as it appears according to what we know about it." A beginner's mind is valuable in art as well as science. The English painter Turner was once criticized for painting a ship that had no portholes. Turner responded, "I paint what I see, not what I know." Impressionism is about trusting what you see, painting what you see, even if it contradicts what you know. Turner knew that ships have portholes, but he didn't see them, and he wanted to paint what he saw — this is the Impressionist creed. We know that ocean and atmosphere are different, but when we look out to sea, they sometimes appear indistinguishable, hence Impressionist painters sometimes depict them as one. Scientists and artists must trust what they see, though it contradicts what they "know", what they think is possible. An artist must trust what he sees in his own soul, as well as what he sees in the outside world. The novelist Henry Miller said, "I obey only my own instincts and intuition.... Often I put down things which I do not understand myself, secure in the knowledge that later they will become clear and meaningful to me."14 People are often blind to occult phenomena because they clash with our worldview, because we regard them as impossible. If a psychic communicates with the dead, we say, "that's impossible, he must be a fraud." An intellectual should use the word "impossible" very rarely, if at all. Zukav quotes Suzuki (a Zen writer): "in the beginner's mind, there are many possibilities, but in the expert's there are few."15 The Philosophy of Today sees the world as full of possibilities, and full of mysteries. 4. Dancing Energy Classical physics, Newton's physics, saw the world existing "out there,", independently of us. But modern physics says there's no ultimate substance, and nothing exists without us perceiving it. Our position has changed from spectator of the world to creator of the world. (Like other new ideas in physics, this is an old idea in philosophy. Has modern physics given us any new ideas? Hasn't it just confirmed the ideas we had already?) Depending on which experiment we choose to perform, we can demonstrate light's particle nature, or its wave nature. In other words, the nature of light depends on our choice of experiment. 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itself"), we only know about our interaction with light. Since particle-like behavior and wave-like behavior are the only properties that we ascribe to light, and since these properties now are recognized to belong... not to light itself, but to our interaction with light, then it appears that light has no properties independent of us! To say that something has no properties is the same as saying that it does not exist. The next step in this logic is inescapable. Without us, light does not exist.16 Each of us creates the world, each of us creates light, each of us says "Let there be light!" Without us, there is no light, no world. As Berkeley would say, if a tree falls in a forest, and no one is there to hear, it makes no sound. A quantum is a quantity of something. A quantity of what? We don't know. Quantum mechanics is a science that 'doesn't know what it's talking about.' (Is this true of every science?) But even though physicists don't know what a quantum is, quantum mechanics helps physicists to make sense of appearances, so they regard it as useful. If we try to determine the ultimate stuff of the universe, we never succeed. Democritus and his school said that the ultimate stuff was the atom, the "uncuttable" thing. But later thinkers asked, "what is the atom made of?" and they found that the atom wasn't really uncuttable, it was made of subatomic particles. But subatomic particles have proven to be very elusive. We can't seem to find the ultimate stuff of the universe.17 Modern physics tells us that mass changes into energy, and energy into mass — they're interchangeable. "According to particle physics, the world is fundamentally dancing energy; energy that is everywhere and incessantly assuming first this form and then that."18 This sounds much like Eastern philosophy; the physical world is only clothing that god (or energy) puts on — ever-changing, ever-new. There is no ultimate substance, and nothing that exists independently. The physical world is "not a structure built out of independently existing unanalyzable entities, but rather a web of relationships between elements whose meanings arise wholly from their relationships to the whole."19 Nothing is independent, everything is mutual. In an earlier chapter, I discussed the idea that the mind, the ego, the "I", has no permanent, independent existence, it's part of the whole.20 A tree isn't an independent thing, you and I aren't independent things, everything is part of the whole. Here again, modern physics has confirmed the ideas of philosophy in a most interesting and forceful way, but one can't say that modern physics changes our ideas, or leads us to new ideas. 5. Time Modern physics has changed our view of time, and here again, there is a striking parallel between physics and philosophy. Einstein's theory of relativity views time differently than Newton viewed it, and quantum mechanics also views time in an un-Newtonian way. In Newtonian physics, time is one-dimensional, it moves forward. According to modern physics, however, "it is preferable, and more useful, to think in terms of a static, nonmoving picture of space and time.... Events do not develop, they just are."21 Jung also viewed time in an un-Newtonian way. Jung felt that both the past and the future exist in the present, in the unconscious. Jung felt that, in the unconscious, time doesn't flow in a Newtonian way, it doesn't flow from A to B to C.22 Shakespeare was a Hermetic thinker who viewed time in an un-Newtonian way. In Macbeth, for example, the plot doesn't unfold from A to B to C; rather, the atmosphere of evil is present at the start, pervading both the natural world and the human world. The witches anticipate the future. As in the theory of relativity, "events do not develop, they just are." Shakespeare Time is different from Newton Time, and similar to Jung Time, Einstein Time, Quantum Time.23 Just as Kant, Jung and other philosophical thinkers have long argued that space and time aren't absolute, so too modern physics argues that space and time aren't absolute. Particles that are spatially separate have been seen to communicate with each other, just as the future has been found embedded in the present. 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Send Us a Tip Subscribe Home Music Music Lists June 11, 2018 4:12PM ET Bonnaroo 2018: 31 Best Things We Saw The coolest, wildest, hottest experiences at the weekend-long Tennessee bash, from the Killers' headlining set to the candied bacon bites Jon Freeman Elias Leight Joseph Hudak Adam Gold Maura Johnston Brittney McKenna Rob Loud Since its first edition in 2002, the Bonnaroo Music Festival, which took place this past weekend in Manchester, Tennessee, has become one of America's premier fests. Its musical purview has shifted quite a bit since its earliest days as a haven for jam bands; this year, the wide-open spaces at the Farm made room for the glittery beats of Kaskade, the acerbic pop of Khalid, the high-octane boasts of Future and the hybridized rock of Alt-J, as well as twin sets by folk-ambient guru Bon Iver that called back to the fest's earliest days as a space for bands to stretch all the way out. The site's camping-friendly space gave even more opportunity for a plurality of aesthetics, with glittered-up revelers, shorts-and-tees music heads and a robe-clad man who proclaimed himself to be "Bass Jesus" coming together under the Bonnaroovian Code – think Bill & Ted's edict to "be excellent to one another," spread out over four days of heat, mud, music and other types of funk. Pooneh Ghana for RollingStone.com Best Glo-Up: Dua Lipa Dua Lipa's self-titled debut had only been out for a few days when she threw her Bonnaroo coming-out party in 2017. Once again, the British sensation again played a late Sunday slot, just like last year. But this time, it wasn't for a respectable-sized crowd of early adopters in a tent; instead, the singer – effusing an innate charisma and ruling the crowd with supreme confidence – took the main stage as a bona fide pop star, with tens of thousands singing along to star-crossed-love bangers like "IDGAF," "Hotter Than Hell" and the Martin Garrix collab "Scared to Be Lonely." She made the What Stage sound like Wembley Stadium; if she returns next year for a Bonnaroo three-peat, it'll probably be to headline. A.G. Best House Party: Cage the Elephant and Dan Luke and the Raid having a house party at Bonnaroo," Cage the Elephant singer Matt Shultz told the 700 fans lucky enough to catch word of his band's surprise set Thursday night at Happy Roo Day, the weekend-long art installation and party that he curated in the festival's campgrounds. There were more fans outside the barricades of the barn-turned-glammed-out-rock club, chanting to be let in so they could get a glimpse of the reliably fearless frontman as he stalked the stage, losing himself in the moment and inspiring sing-alongs from even the thousand-or-so people shut out of the show as his band tore through a short set of garage-psych burners and rock radio hits like "Come a Little Closer" and "Shake Me Down." An even more pleasant surprise came in the form of still-fairly-under-the-radar Bowling Green, Kentucky quartet Dan Luke and the Raid. Fronted by Daniel Shultz (younger brother to Matt and Cage guitarist Brad Shultz), the fully-formed-on-arrival band has a magnetic singer and enough raucous energy to show rock & roll runs in the family, but has a brand of garage-surf-meets-Floyd psychedelia that's all its own. A.G. Amy Harris/Invision/AP/REX/Shutterstock Best New-School Legacy Headliners: Muse, The Killers and Eminem Let's consider one thing before holding Muse, The Killers and Eminem to the	0.546931	-0.439888	-1.337492	-1.362733	[ 0.5483006730599898, 0.5455613222019923 ]	[ -0.41213338755012197, -0.46764287357072326 ]	[ -1.248723771395703, -1.4262606431726017 ]	[ -1.6293731683752455, -1.0960922633834043 ]	1,024	[ 512, 512 ]	[ 15076, 10783, 263, 323, 666, 12, 4035, 13086, 13, 11184, 6125, 6125, 2391, 29879, 13, 29967, 1540, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29947, 29871, 29946, 29901, 29896, 29906, 13427, 382, 29911, 13, 29933, 3409, 279, 3634, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29947, 29901, 29871, 29941, 29896, 6407, 28706, 1334, 317, 1450, 13, 1576, 12528, 342, 29892, 8775, 342, 29892, 298, 1501, 342, 27482, 472, 278, 4723, 355, 29899, 5426, 22664, 10891, 29892, 515, 278, 29021, 414, 29915, 2343, 1915, 292, 731, 304, 278, 23794, 1000, 9922, 535, 2586, 267, 13, 29967, 265, 3878, 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standard of more hallowed What Stage alums like Paul McCartney, Bruce Springsteen, Elton John and Jay-Z: Millennials aren't kids anymore. The collective nostalgia is palpable when watching members of that generation – now largely made up of people in their late twenties and early thirties – assembling en masse to shout along to stadium-sized hits like Muse's "Starlight," The Killers' "Mr. Brightside" (perhaps the most thrilling set opener in the history of Bonnaroo) or Eminem's "Kill You." This, folks, is your new class of heritage acts. A.G. Best Birthday Celebration: Sturgill Simpson "My midlife crisis is fucking dope," Sturgill Simpson bellowed from the massive What Stage on Friday evening – which just happened to be the guitarist and songwriter's 40th birthday. He celebrated in inimitable fashion, sporting a Rolling Stones–inspired "Who the fuck is asking?" shirt while tearing through a just-after-sundown set that eschewed bells and whistles and instead put its full attention on the undeniable chemistry between the Americana outlaw and his three bandmates. Songs expanded and contracted to fit Simpson's whims, with his soul-food flip of When in Rome's late-Eighties New Romantic smash "The Promise" providing heat and a blown-out version of the chugging "Brace for Impact (Live a Little)" giving him the opportunity to show off his still-formidable ability to shred – demographics be damned. M.J. Most Lit Main-Stage Set: Anderson Paak For the second year in a row, a rising hip-hop star stole the show from the headliners. In 2017, "Mayor of Bonnaroo" Chance the Rapper drew a bigger, way-more-turnt-up crowd than stadium-rock kings U2. This year, the festival's fever pitch came during rapper-drummer-multi-instrumentalist Anderson Paak's What Stage set. Backed by his hot-shit Free Nationals ensemble, he skipped and stumble-danced from wing to wing in exaggerated motions, and even worked in a drum solo or two. His carefree air rubbed off on the crowd, who'd left behind its collective inhibitions by the time Paak's hour-long set was over. A.G. FilmMagic/Getty Best Proof That Pop Can Part Clouds and Unite Crowds: Bazzi Sunday's festivities got off to a somewhat slow start thanks to Saturday's all-night partying and a morning downpour that left muddy patches all over The Farm. Michigan-born pop upstart Bazzi got things moving along with his This Tent-opening set, which he capped with a run through "Mine," a blissed-out confession of love – "You so fuckin' precious when you smile" – that doubles as one of current pop radio's few opportunities for unabashed, synth-borne joy. The crowd ate it up, singing along with every delighted lyric as the plush keyboards rose up around their collective voices. By the time Bazzi enticed them into singing the chorus along with him one last time, you could have sworn the sun was shining a bit more brightly. M.J. Best Crowd-Surfing Revivalist: St. Paul and the Broken Bones St. Paul and the Broken Bones singer Paul Janeway continues to make a compelling case that he's the best showman currently working in pop music. For their Sunday evening performance in That Tent, the Alabama-based retro-soul outfit tore through a set that placed smoldering ballads alongside taut, horn-drenched funk jams like "Call Me." During the group's show-stopping "Broken Bones & Pocket Change," Janeway unrolled a long strip of carpet that he used to let the audience carry him (and the world's longest microphone cord) across the tent, so he could perform on the precarious railing at the front-of-house booth. 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its crescendo, the crowd carried him all the way back to the stage and he kept right on belting the gospel-influenced melody, never missing a single note. J.F. Most Serene Set: Daniel Caesar "It's not raging music," one Bonnaroovian explained to another as the pair walked into This Tent, which hosted Daniel Caesar's set on Sunday. Caesar specializes in acoustic soul ballads, and it was easy to wonder how these fragile tracks would translate in an open-air environment punctuated periodically by the distant thump of pummeling dance music. But Caesar was ready for the challenge, bringing along a four-piece band – the rhythm section was forceful but adaptable – and a trio of superb backing vocalists. Those additional singers helped put these songs across, adding ice-cool "oohs" to "Hold Me Down" and layering a pretty introduction in three-part harmony before "Neu Roses." But when it came time for Caesar to perform "Get You" – the Kali Uchis-assisted track that went top ten at mainstream R&B/hip-hop radio – he suddenly ditched his serene soul sound, opting instead for something more dynamic: Several minutes of thwacking, bass-popping funk that closed the set. E.L. Best Country Music History Lesson: Grand Ole Opry A bit of country-music history was made Sunday evening, as the Grand Ole Opry hosted its first Bonnaroo performance with a two-hour show held in That Tent and broadcast live on the internet and 650 WSM-AM, the Opry home on the radio. Future's set on the What Stage drew most of the crowd away, but those who stayed at That Tent were a rowdy bunch, and they had the chance to witness a show that was both a history lesson and an overview of many differnt country music styles. Opry members Old Crow Medicine Show, whose quick-talking frontman Ketch Secor co-hosted the evening with announcer Bill Cody, were first in the lineup, which also included bluegrass great (and Bonnaroo veteran) Del McCoury, pop-country dynamo Maggie Rose, and country-rock band Lanco (pictured here). Other highlights included Country Music Hall of Fame Member Bobby Bare, whose classic "Marie Laveaux" got the crowd energized with its signature screams, and throwback crooner Joshua Hedley, paying tribute to Glen Campbell with "Wichita Lineman." In true Opry fashion, the show closed with a cast sing-along of "Will the Circle Be Unbroken" – giving newcomers and veterans alike a little comfort and closure to carry them into the next week. J.F. Best/Worst Scheduling Conflict: Japanese Breakfast vs. Alex Lahey This year's Bonnaroo lineup was light on jangly, hooky indie-pop, so scheduling C86 disciple Michelle Zauner and her dreamy outfit Japanese Breakfast and pop-punk-indebted Aussie export Alex Lahey in the same early-afternoon time slot on opposite ends of the park made about as much sense as thinking Eminem would "radiate positivity" as a headliner. Listeners at both ends of the festival each got winning takes on modern romance. "This song is about falling in love with a robot," Zauner bantered before wowing the This Tent crowd with her sky-reaching vocal prowess on the Auto-Tuned "Machinist." Lahey opened festivities on the main stage, where the jaunty hooks of kiss-offs like "You Don't Think You Like People Like Me" and "I Haven't Been Taking Care of Myself" sounded even more irresistible blasting out of a sound system fit for a Muse concert. A.G. Best Tent Revivalists: Old Crow Medicine Show "Did you bring your dancing shoes to Bonnaroo?" Old Crow Medicine Show's Ketch Secor asked the crowd gathered for the Nashville string band's Saturday-sunset performance slot on the Which Stage. 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their opening song. Aside from the Grand Ole Opry – Old Crow are members, and they closed out the Nashville institution's Sunday-night broadcast from That Tent – there's no better forum for the band's rollicking jams than Bonnaroo. The wild-eyed Secor shuffled back and forth for a vigorous harmonica breakdown; mandolinist Cory Younts showed off his possessed-by-the-spirit dancing; and the rock-steady Chance McCoy helped hold it all together on acoustic guitar and backing vocals. The group may still be adapting to life on a major label (they released Volunteer via Columbia Records this year), but they've never been more in the zone onstage. J.H. Most Versatile Star: Kali Uchis Kali Uchis flitted from genre to genre during her soothing late-afternoon performance on Saturday. "Know What I Want," which dissects an imploding relationship, pointed to sing-song lover's rock; "Feel Like a Fool," which skewers an unfaithful partner, evoked sugary neo-Motown. "Flight 22" was a tranquil soul ballad in 6/8 time, and "Just a Stranger" was jolting, brawny funk. Uchis' versatility is the kind that festival bookers dream of when putting together their lineups: It's a way to appeal to as many potential ticket-buyers as possible, and, more charitably, it suggests a welcoming, open-eared approach to pop. Yet Uchis' performance also served as a reminder that big festivals still have a long way to go when it comes to genuine inclusiveness. The Colombian-American singer performed "Nuestro Planeta," a serene reggaeton collaboration with Reykon (absent at Bonnaroo) that is one of several sharp Spanish songs in her catalog – but despite Spanish-language pop's prominent place in the American mainstream, Uchis was the only lead performer at Bonnaroo with a Latin radio hit. E.L. Best House Set: Mija Mija is known for her unpredictability – she'll concoct arena-ready EDM at one moment and insular, off-kilter electronic music the next. On Sunday at The Other, the L.A. DJ-producer went in another direction entirely, seamlessly mixing together a lavish selection of modern house cuts. Her choices included Camelphat's "Cola," one of last year's biggest crossover club records thanks to its chantable chorus and nonchalant glide, and Midland's "Final Credits," a disco-house insta-classic that sampled Gladys Knight's "Neither One of Us" almost two years before the release of DJ Koze's current dancefloor-wrecker "Pick Up." (Word to the wise: Don't confuse the U.K. producer who recorded "Final Credits" with the identically named country group Midland, who performed at Bonnaroo the previous afternoon.) Elsewhere, Mija relied on long, satisfying synth arpeggios, brute-force vocal loops and distorted, insistent basslines. Usually an electronic artist working within the confines of an hour-long set moves abruptly from peak to peak, packing in as many climaxes as possible, but Mija maintained the pacing of a club setting, knitting her selections together with winning patience. E.L. Tim Mosenfelder/Getty Best Bite on a Stick: Baconland's Candied Bacon Bonnaroo attendees looking to stand out in the crowd – or just have an easy beacon for their friends to find them – brandished sticks topped by eye-catching items like flags, heads and scrawled-on signs. At Baconland, one of the food stands in the pork-and-metal-minded Hamageddon pavilion, the sticks were smaller, but the effect was no less mighty: A few bucks bought two wooden skewers topped with crisp yet syrupy bacon, the sort of snack made for spiking the brain's sweet-salty-fatty receptors and giving even the most heat-sapped attendee motivation to keep on going. M.J. 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Louisville baseball's season comes to an end on Vanderbilt rally in College World Series Vanderbilt rallied in the top of the ninth inning to end Louisville's historic postseason run. Louisville baseball's season comes to an end on Vanderbilt rally in College World Series Vanderbilt rallied in the top of the ninth inning to end Louisville's historic postseason run. Check out this story on courier-journal.com: https://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/college/louisville/2019/06/21/college-world-series-2019-louisville-baseball-loses-vanderbilt/1525895001/ Cameron Teague Robinson, Louisville Courier Journal Published 10:34 p.m. ET June 21, 2019 | Updated 10:04 a.m. ET June 22, 2019 Louisville baseball's season comes to an end on Vanderbilt rally in Coll... Louisville catcher Henry Davis scores against Vanderbilt during the seventh inning of the College World Series game at TD Ameritrade Park Friday. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com Vanderbilt third baseman Austin Martin fails to make the catch allowing Louisville second baseman Justin Lavey to score during the seventh inning of the College World Series game at TD Ameritrade Park Friday. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com Vanderbilt catcher Ty Duvall reacts as Louisville second baseman Justin Lavey scores during the seventh inning of the College World Series game at TD Ameritrade Park Friday. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com Louisville pitcher Luke Smith throws against Vanderbilt during the second inning of the College World Series game at TD Ameritrade Park Friday. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com Louisville right fielder Drew Campbell catches a fly ball hit by Vanderbilt designated hitter Philip Clarke during the second inning of the College World Series game at TD Ameritrade Park Friday. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com Louisville third baseman Alex Binelas reacts to being hit by a Vanderbilt pitch during the first inning of the College World Series game at TD Ameritrade Park Friday. George Walker IV / Tennessean.com Omaha, Nebraska — One night after the Cardinals kept their season alive in dramatic fashion, it had its season ended in heart-breaking fashion. Louisville was two outs away from forcing a winner-take-all game in the College World Series semifinals. Holding a one-run lead in the ninth inning with Luke Smith, who completely shut down the Vanderbilt offense, on the mound the end was in sight. But it's not easy to keep the Commodores, who are second national in runs scored, quiet all game. Two RBI doubles later and Louisville found itself down one run into the bottom of the ninth inning. Despite a one-out double in the ninth, the Cardinals couldn't duplicate the magic from Thursday and lost to Vanderbilt 3-2. The loss ended a historic Louisville season. The Cardinals finished the season 51-18, won the ACC Atlantic Division and were the first team in program history to leave Omaha without a losing record. More: Luke Smith is getting his chance on stage as Louisville baseball's latest starter Can't get enough Cards? We've got you covered. Subscribe for unlimited access HERE for exclusive coverage! "When you can make a run like this, 50-plus win season, you win the ACC, you're the No. 1 seed in one of the best leagues in the country, it's a great feeling," U of L coach Dan McDonnell said. "I'm really proud of this group." When McDonnell gathered the team in left field, after the game, he had a message for them. All season they've had the goal of becoming the best team McDonnell has coached. He affirmed to them that the goal was achieved. Sitting at the press conference podium, holding back tears, Justin Lavey said that is what made him begin crying in the huddle. "Thanks for that,"

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he said looking at McDonnell. "But, yeah, I mean, that's something, from day one, that was our goal, to be the best team he's ever coached. To accomplish that is something super special, and it takes a special group." This year's team has been built on its pitching depth. It's one of the main reason why many thought they would have success in the College World Series. On Friday, Louisville started Luke Smith, it's No. 4 starter. He put together the best performance of his career. Smith pitched 8 1/3 innings, gave up two runs on four hits and struck out a career-high 10 batters. "I don't know if I should say this to the media, but the kid has nuts. That's all I can say. Luke Smith is a special kid and the way he pitches when his back is against the wall is incredible," Nick Bennett said. The biggest problem for the Cardinals throughout the tournament was finding consistent hitting and inopportune errors on the base paths. In Louisville's four games, the team's scoring margin was 12-12, despite holding Vanderbilt and Mississippi State – two of the nation's best offenses – to nine runs in three games. Spreading the love of the game: A day inside Chris Mack's Louisville basketball camp Offensively, the Cardinals struggled, again, Friday. Heading into the seventh inning, the Cardinals tallied just two hits on starter Mason Hickman. Hickman, who finished with LINE, was pulled in the seventh inning and Louisville took advantage. Danny Oriente doubled on the first pitch and Louisville's rally began. But poor baserunning halted the rally momentarily. Trey Leonard, who came in to pinch run for Oriente, was thrown out at home attempting to score on a Justin Lavey ground ball. Thought Louisville wasted a chance to tie the game, it responded. Henry Davis followed Lavey with a single. With runners on second and first, and two outs, Lavey attempted a steal to third. Ty Duvall's throw was off the mark and Lavey scored from third. One batter later, Lucas Dunn singled off of the pitcher's glove to bring Davis home and give the Cardinals the lead. Smith carried his strong performance into the ninth inning before walking JJ Bleday with one out. Ethan Paul double to right field on the next at-bat, tying the game and McDonnell pulled Smith for Michael McAvene. McDonnell doesn't regret leaving Smith on the mound, though. "You know, and that's the challenge in coaching, is you don't want to take your pitcher out too early and you don't want to take him out too late," McDonnell said. "But I think I can sleep tonight." McAvene allowed a double, which inched over third baseman Alex Binelas' glove, to guve Vanderbilt the lead. Still, Louisville had a chance late. With Campbell on second, Louisville had a chance for more late-game magic, but Lavey struck out and Davis popped out to second base. Though many might remember the 2019 College World Series as one where the offense struggled to show up, Tyler Fitzgerald doesn't think about that. "We gave it our all. When you do that you can't really regret anything," Fitzgerald said. 'Stuff happens in baseball, but when you play hard, there's no regret." Instead, the 2019 Louisville team will be known for its historic postseason run. One that makes them the best team in program history, at least in McDonnell's eyes. That's the only opinion that matters to the Cardinals. "It's a goal. It's not easy. You come to the University of Louisville to be the best team ever. But with that being said, they can't be the best team ever if it's not for the '07 team, if it's not for all the players that I've coached, and honestly probably those before them," McDonnell said. "I get a lot of pride from the alumni, and it's a program. You can't ⁠— it's hard to accomplish great things like that without being a great program, and that includes a lot of

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Home / Press Release / McKinsey & Company's new research shows the metaverse could grow up to $5 trillion in value by 2030 McKinsey & Company's new research shows the metaverse could grow up to $5 trillion in value by 2030 in Press Release June 15, 2022 256 Views | Short URL 'Value Creation in the Metaverse' report examines the massive, global impact of the metaverse across key sectors and businesses NEW YORK and LONDON and PARIS, June 15, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — McKinsey & Company released its new report "Value creation in the metaverse," which shows the metaverse may be too big to ignore. McKinsey's preliminary forecast shows the metaverse has the potential to grow up to $5 trillion in value by 2030. It shows e-commerce as the largest economic force ($2.6 trillion), ahead of sectors such as virtual learning ($270 billion), advertising ($206 billion), and gaming ($125 billion). As companies of all different shapes and sizes look to enter the metaverse, this extensive report provides a clear view of what the metaverse is and is not, what first movers are doing, what's fueling the investment, and the potential for consumer and B2B companies. The report builds on multiple proprietary insights and analysis, including a survey of more than 3,400 consumers and executives on adoption of the metaverse, its potential, and its likely impact on behavior. The researchers also interviewed metaverse builders and industry experts. "The metaverse represents a strategic inflection point for companies, and it presents a significant opportunity to influence the way we live, connect, learn, innovate, and collaborate," said Eric Hazan, senior partner, McKinsey & Company. "Our ambition is to help leaders of both consumer and B2B companies better understand its power and potential, identify strategic imperatives, and act as a force for its evolution." What's fueling the metaverse investment Already this year, companies, venture capital, and private equity firms have invested more than $120 billion in the metaverse—more than double the $57 billion invested in all of last year. Multiple factors are driving this investor enthusiasm: ongoing technological advances across the infrastructure required to power the metaverse demographic tailwinds increasingly consumer-led brand marketing and engagement increasing marketplace readiness as users explore today's version of the metaverse, which is largely driven by gaming while applications emerge in socializing, fitness, commerce, virtual learning, and other uses Already, more than three billion gamers worldwide have access to different versions of the metaverse. "While the idea of connecting virtually has been decades in the making, it is now increasingly real, meaning real people are using it and spending real money and companies are betting big," said Lareina Yee, senior partner, McKinsey & Company. "Yet this booming interest has made it difficult to separate hype from reality. It's worth remembering that while the bust of the first dot-com boom resulted in the disappearance of scores of companies, the internet itself went from strength to strength, giving rise to new entrants." Consumers are already engaging in the metaverse Consumers are already there. McKinsey's research shows consumers are excited about transitioning life into the metaverse, with almost six in ten (59%) consumers preferring at least one metaverse experience over its physical alternative. Among those consumers, certain types of activities stand out for being most preferred in the immersive world: shopping—purchasing physical or virtual goods (79%) attending virtual social events or playing social games (78%) exercising using virtual reality (76%) Senior leaders believe the metaverse will have a significant impact on their industry Business leaders see the metaverse's potential to drive impact and margin growth. Ninety-five percent of leaders say they expect the metaverse to have a positive impact on their industry within five to ten years, with 31 percent saying the metaverse will fundamentally change the way their industry operates. More significantly, a quarter of leaders expect the metaverse technology to drive more than 15 percent of their organization's total margin growth in

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Digital / ICT Healthcare and Biomedical Urban Solutions Infrastructure Hub Quality & Standards E-Alert for Standards For Conformity Assessment Bodies Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRAs) For Local companies Loans & Insurance SME Venture Loan SME Equipment and Factory Loan Bridging Loan for Marine and Offshore Engineering Companies Internationalisation Finance Scheme (IFS) Internationalisation Finance Scheme (IFS) - Non-Recourse Internationalisation Finance Scheme (IFS) - Marine and Offshore Engineering Loan Insurance Scheme (LIS) Political Risk Insurance Scheme (PRIS) Trade Credit Insurance Scheme (TCIS) Double Tax Deduction for Internationalisation Angel Investors Tax Deduction (AITD) Fund Management Incentive (FMI) Section 13H Tax Incentive (S13H) Startup SG Equity SEEDS Capital EDBI Non-Financial Assistance For Singapore Companies Support for Startups Talent Attraction and Development Network of Partners Export Guides New Market Entry Support For Foreign Companies Join Singapore's Startup Hub Living in Singapore Setting Up in Singapore Double Tax Avoidance Agreements Skills Development for Students Skills Development for Mid-Career Professionals Love, Bonito: Student blogshop becomes international retail business Homegrown online fashion retailer Love, Bonito brims with all the elements of a classic entrepreneurial tale: following your heart, fighting for your dream, slogging it out, and finally, achieving enviable success. Founders Viola Tan and Rachel Lim first dabbled in e-commerce, if you can even call it that, in 2006. "E-commerce was virtually non-existent," recalled Ms Lim, who is now 28. Neither of them was equipped with formal tech skills, and both were barely out of junior college and university when they decided to run an e-boutique as a formal business. Their entrepreneurial experience started one year before with the sale of pre-loved clothing from their own wardrobes for extra pocket money via a LiveJournal platform. They later imported pieces from Bangkok and Korea. The money was decent: A good month would ring in $1,000. Otherwise, it would be about $500. Once the young women decided to take their online apparel gig to the next level with a 'proper' e-commerce set-up in 2010, they hit the ground running. Response to Love, Bonito's first collection was phenomenal. The voluminous traffic exceeded expectations, crashing the website. Mind you, they had previously prepped the site for a few thousand visitors. A glimpse into Love, Bonito's special collaboration in 2015 with Tex Saverio, the fashion designer behind the opulent wedding dress worn by Katniss Everdeen (Jennifer Lawrence) in the Hunger Games. Photo: Love, Bonito. Fast forward to 2015. Things have changed somewhat. For one, Love, Bonito has grown to become a formidable women's fashion player in a thriving online environment, and is reportedly worth seven figures, according to industry sources. Also, no longer is Love, Bonito importing apparel from Seoul and Bangkok. Instead, approximately 70 new in-house designs are churned out each month, all comfortably wearable in the Singapore climate. Last year, Love, Bonito was compelled to expand into Malaysia, based on web analytics that showed up significant interest from the country's citizens. Through the expertise of IE Singapore, the pair was able to easily gain new market access. Mall landlords, venue owners and recruitment agencies - IE introduced relevant partners covering just about every area that the retail company needed help with. We know who you should meet to make your market ventures work. Despite the evolution of the business from a small-scale blog shop to a full-blown e-commerce success, one thing hasn't changed: Ms Tan and Ms Lim are constantly on their toes, rolling with the times and ever vigilant of trends and

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79

0

CommonCrawl

15

4

consumer needs. Ms Tan, the one who takes care of business development, finance and logistics, modestly attributes Love, Bonito's success to first-mover advantage and "being blessed", but a look at the company's progress over nine years uncovers several smart moves. Love, Bonito churns out approximately 70 new in-house designs every month, all comfortably wearable in the Singapore climate. Here, co-founder Rachel Lim (right) adds on the finishing touches at a catalogue shoot. We highlight five things Love, Bonito has done right: 1) Create a solid brand In 2010, Love, Bonito took designing in-house as by then, explained Ms Tan, "there were many others doing what we were doing", and differentiation was key. This has proved to be a winning strategy. Up to 5,000 packages are shipped out to various parts of the world every week. To keep Love, Bonito fresh in the minds of consumers, both owners are avid adopters of social media, believing it to play a huge part in their company's branding. Ms Lim is not one to mince her words: "This is the digital age - you have to get onto social media. The more you are in denial, the more you will lag behind." The design, creative and marketing head would know. Through deft social media outreach, Love, Bonito has more than 125,000 'Likes' on its Facebook page and over 73,000 Instagram followers. Bloggers and well-known local personalities like singer Daphne Khoo, actress and web show host Oon Shu An and Paralympics gold medallist Yip Pin Xiu, count as brand ambassadors and fans. Added Ms Tan: "Social media is an art. It doesn't matter how many followers you have, discretion, courtesy and a dose of common sense are important." 2) Take a leap of faith A milestone occurred in 2012 during FIDè Fashion Weeks. The pair attended a Julien Fournie show, and instantly fell in love with his work. Eager to work with him, Ms Tan and Ms Lim connected with the French haute couture designer through the event's chairman, Dr Frank Cintamani. "The worst that could happen was he'd reject us," said Ms Lim. But he didn't. And the Love, Bonito x Julien Fournie collection was launched in October 2013. The Love, Bonito x Julien Fournie capsule collection brought high fashion to the masses and earned nods from shoppers and the fashion industry alike. Love, Bonito successfully rides the digital revolution: "This is the digital age.. the more you are in denial, the more you will lag behind." Emboldened by the success, Love, Bonito followed suit in 2015 with yet another collaboration, this time with renowned couturier Tex Saverio. Even if the name doesn't strike a chord, his creations likely do: Saverio was the mastermind behind the gloriously opulent Wedding Dress worn by Katniss Everdeen (Jennifer Lawrence) in The Hunger Games. Lady Gaga had also picked his work to wear for her Fame fragrance campaign. With assistance from IE Singapore, Love, Bonito linked up with Indonesia's equivalent to the edgy Alexander McQueen. 3) Listen to data Close attention to data divulged two key points: Overseas orders were steadily increasing and the greatest number of sign-ups came from Malaysia (10 per cent after Singapore's 85 per cent). From there, Ms Tan and Ms Lim felt the time was right to go overseas. "It was only natural," said Ms Tan simply. The obvious foreign market to begin in was Malaysia. Instead of rushing in, the company observed trends and analysed information over one year before taking the plunge. 4) Get help Opening in Malaysia marked the start of Love, Bonito's venture into foreign markets. There was one stumbling block: The market was completely alien to the two Singapore entrepreneurs. IE stepped in to help Love, Bonito speed up the globalisation process. "IE helped us greatly by providing us contacts on the ground - public relations, marketing, manufacturing and branding

1.471462

0.825191

0.544399

-0.279912

[ 1.6522590688329906, 1.2906647555773179 ]

[ 0.7535658188825048, 0.8968161053872823 ]

[ 0.653456997642499, 0.4353402694594518 ]

[ -0.47826682467334436, -0.0815578587647795 ]

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79

1,024

CommonCrawl

15

4

BATON ROUGE – The LSU Office of the Dean of Students is proud to present the Tiger Twelve Class of 2014 at a ceremony to be held Saturday, April 26, at 2 p.m. in the Rotunda of the LSU Business Education Complex. • De André Beadle, a native of Houston, majoring in sociology and minoring in political science. While at LSU, Beadle was selected to be a Ronald E. McNair Research Scholar and a participant-turned-facilitator and mentor in the Summer Scholars Program. He served as president of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity and co-founded the Student Government Black Caucus. Beadle was also a member of the Leadership LSU Class of 2014 and the Black Male Leadership Initiative Class of 2010. Beadle will pursue a Ph.D. in sociology/criminology beginning in fall 2014, and hopes to work in juvenile advocacy focusing on mentoring, instilling the value of community service and assimilating youth back to their communities. • Arielle Brown, a native of Norco, La., majoring in psychology and minoring in African & African-American Studies. In her time at LSU, Brown has served as a Ronald E. McNair Research Scholar and her research has provided a better understanding of internalized racism and self-esteem of African-American students at two universities. She has served as the president of the Impact Movement at LSU, which coordinated food distribution to families in New Orleans and Atlanta. Additionally, she volunteered as a Big Buddy program mentor and as a Baton Rouge Crisis Intervention Center phone counselor. Brown will pursue a Ph.D. in counseling psychology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in fall 2014. She will be studying racial factors, specifically color-blind racial ideology, in educational achievements and attitudes. • Alex Cagnola, a native of Lafayette, La., majoring in biological engineering and minoring in business administration. During his time as an LSU student, Cagnola was a researcher and peer mentor in the Howard Hughes Medical Institute Program. He has been an active member of the LSU Greek community, serving on the Greek Board of Directors managing a large Habitat for Humanity build during Greek Week, as a senior team member of the Greek Leadership Institute and as philanthropy chairman of his fraternity, Sigma Phi Epsilon. Cagnola also served as a senator in LSU Student Government. Cagnola will be working in San Antonio as a drilling Engineer for U.S. Enercorp LTD. He also plans to attend graduate school to attain master's degrees in petroleum engineering and business. • Shaely Cheramie, a native of Lockport, La., majoring in psychology. While at LSU, Cheramie was a strong advocate for students with hearing impairments. She founded the Deaf and Hard of Hearing Club at LSU, served on the Louisiana School for the Deaf Foundation Advisory Board, provided applied behavior analysis therapy for children with hearing and language impairments and was a mentor and volunteer for Deaf Focus Service LLC. Cheramie also served on the Students Against Destructive Decisions. National Student Leadership Council, and taught preschool at Parkview Baptist School. Beginning in fall 2014, Cheramie will pursue a Ph.D. in clinical psychology at Gallaudet University in Washington, D.C., with the long-term goal of becoming a clinical psychologist. • Catherine Fontenot, a native of Basile, La., majoring in biological sciences and minoring in leadership development and international studies. At LSU, Fontenot has worked as a clinic volunteer with Volunteer Health Corps, where she helped bring healthcare to those without access, while also serving as president of the Alpha Epsilon Delta honor society at LSU for pre-medical students, where she implemented a new service program. She also worked to advocate for gulf states and coastal issues by serving in the Louisiana Service and Leadership Program, as well as the Equity and Inclusion Campaign. After completing an internship in Washington, D.C., through the Harry S. Truman Foundation, Catherine hopes to attend medical school. She plans to work in under-resourced communities

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in Louisiana and around the world to increase access to healthcare and decrease rates of HIV/AIDS. • Nathan Irby, a native of Shreveport majoring in marketing and minoring in entrepreneurship. Irby is currently working with the Office of the Baton Rouge Mayor-President and local employers to place 100 at-risk youth in summer internships in their chosen field. He also served as a fellow of the Stephenson Entrepreneurship Institute at LSU, where he worked with a start-up solar company that leased solar panels to low-income families. Irby also served on the Greek Board of Directors at LSU, as the director of the Greek Leadership Institute, and in several positions planning the LSU Greek Life annual EMPOWER Greek leadership development program. Irby will be working in management consulting for the oil and gas industry working with Trenegy, a Houston based consulting firm. He will begin his role as an analyst in June. • Johnny Johnson, a native of Lafayette, majoring in architecture. During his time at LSU, Johnson served as LSU chapter president and Louisiana undergraduate representative to the ninth district council of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity. He also served as secretary and graphic designer for National PanHellenic Council and as a facilitator for the LSU Greek Life annual EMPOWER Greek leadership development program. Johnson was also lead choreographer for Legacy Dancers, a student dance group that performs for several LSU community events. Johnson plans to relocate to Houston, where he will start an internship and seek full-time employment with a healthcare architecture office. • Morgan Matchett, a native of Baton Rouge, majoring in mathematics and minoring in leadership development. Matchett served in several leadership positions, including president, for Volunteer LSU; as a team leader for the CHANGE Break: Peru alternative service break program; as a Youth Volunteer Corps Team Leader for Capital Area United Way; and in the Center for Student Missions in appointments in San Francisco Bay and Denver. Matchett was also a student researcher and member of the Advisory Board for the LA-STEM Research Scholars Program as well as a policy intern for the Southern Governor's Association. Matchett will be attending graduate school this fall at Florida State University, where she will study higher education & student affairs. She will work in their Center for Leadership & Social Change as the graduate assistant for community engagement. • Taylor Parks, a native of New Roads, majoring in psychology and communication studies. Parks served as the LSU Student Body Vice President during the 2013-14 school year. Through her time at LSU, she served as an LSU Ambassador, during which she served as an orientation chair, orientation leader and small group leader for STRIPES, an intensive orientation and college transition program. Parks was a research assistant to LSU Department of Psychology Assistant Professor Alex Cohen and conducted 90 hours of experiments aimed at better understanding symptoms of individuals with schizophrenia. Parks will pursue a Ph.D. in counseling psychology at Texas A&M University beginning in fall 2014. • Shelby Pursley, a native of Winter Springs, Fla., majoring in biological engineering and minoring in chemistry. Pursley served as president of the LSU College of Engineering College Council and the Biological Engineering Student Organization, where she ensured the longevity of the organization and adapted the organization to be a strong community group for both biological engineering students and staff. She also held positions in the Tau Beta Pi Engineering Honor Society and in the Pi Beta Phi Fraternity for women. Pursley conducted research as one of the Chancellor's Future Leaders in Research and read with primary school children as a member of Volunteers in Public Schools. Pursley will pursue a Ph.D. in bioengineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, beginning in fall 2014. • Tuan Tran, a native of New Iberia, La., majoring in biological sciences and minoring in psychology and chemistry. During his time at LSU, Tran participated in a variety of programs that have in common their service to the community. Tran served in several positions, most recently as executive vice president of the Alpha Epsilon Delta Pre-Medical Society; as the president of the College of Science College Council of LSU Student Government; and as vice president of the National Society of Collegiate Scholars at LSU.

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UK Government Publishes List Of Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Security Suggestions Your Blog » UK Government Publishes List Of Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Security Suggestions Previous: The Man Accountable For Passwords Says Tips Was Wrong Next: Facebook Makes Users Getting Ads To Offer Social Safety Quantity This will be much more helpful for the duration of the darker evenings and if you are spending a night or week away from your property! The most straightforward security tip is to leave a radio or Tv on as an option to leaving the lights on. Security items such as a light with a timer can be bought online. You can also buy a tv simulator, which mimics a Television screen. By emitting various colours and light patterns, it will seem somebody is in your property watching tv.My other should-have item is — ready? — a belt with a plastic buckle. I purchased a sturdy nylon belt from Thomas Bates ($14.95) a tiny whilst ago and it has served me quite effectively in my travels. I've been through security with it dozens of times and not ever had to remove it. (I have PreCheck, which lets me keep my belt on. The occasions I've worn a standard belt and set off the metal detector, I've had to get rid of it.) Getting to take off and put on a belt is not life-changing in the grand scheme of issues, but in the tiny, stressful bubble of airport security, it can genuinely make a distinction when you happen to be rushing to make a flight.Fraudsters can use your details to impersonate you, to receive credit cards in your name, to guess at the answers to bank safety questions or to get access to a lot more of your personal data. Keeping your info private will support to protect you from identity theft and fraud.Fraudsters can use your particulars to impersonate you, to get credit cards in your name, to guess at the answers to bank security questions or to obtain access to far more of your individual info. Maintaining your information private will support to defend you from identity theft and fraud.It really is not just the operating method that is vulnerable to attacks. Cyber-criminals can and do discover safety holes in applications of all sorts, which is why we're continually becoming nagged to set up updates and patches. Just as you can avoid most viruses by switching away from Windows, you can reduce your threat by utilizing significantly less popular computer software that is significantly less likely to be targeted: for instance, rather of Chrome you could switch to the Opera browser As an alternative of Microsoft Workplace, consider LibreOffice (which has the extra advantage of being free of charge).This is a tip that's more beneficial on smartphones, but tablets and laptops can benefit from it as well: Windows 10 lets you save maps to your device in case you need to drop a Wi-Fi or data connection although you happen to be trying to scout out the nearby location. Head to the Settings app then choose System and Offline maps to pick which maps to download (every area comes with an estimate of how much storage space will be taken up). You can then launch and use the Maps app no matter whether or not you can get online.If you printed out your boarding pass beforehand — due to the fact you certainly checked in online the night before, appropriate? — this is not as applicable, but a lot of people, myself included, use their phones as boarding passes. That is all fine although you're sending emails and checking Instagram in the course of a lengthy security line, but 15 minutes becomes 30 minutes and whoops — abruptly your phone dies.Pick Your Flight Times Wisely. In the course of the weekdays, avoid travel early in the morning or from five to eight p.m., Mr. Holtz said, because these are the hours when company travelers have a tendency to fly. Also, Saturdays, in common, are a very good day to fly to numerous destinations because leisure travelers normally head out for their trips on Fridays and return on Sundays, and there is restricted enterprise travel.A firewall acts as a barrier among your home personal computer and the visit web site. If you have any kind of concerns concerning where and ways to make use of visit web site, visit web site you could call us at our own internet visit web site. It can aid screen out unauthorized access and can log attempts to enter your program. For residence users, a firewall can be a application system operating on the computer,

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In late September 2014, thousands of people started to occupy major streets in Hong Kong which lasted for more than two months. The protesters followed the call of the Occupy Central with Love and Peace movement, which had threatened civil disobedience if real democracy was denied. This had happened on August 31st when the Chinese National People's Congress Standing Committee released its restrictive decision on the implementation of universal suffrage for the chief executive. 1 Eventually, students initiated the street blockades after a week-long strike. When the peaceful protesters were met with tear gas, tens of thousands of Hongkongers were propelled to go to the streets to protest the excessive violence against the students and other activists. As the protesters had defended themselves with umbrellas, it became known as the Umbrella Movement. While the outburst of passionate protest activity was influenced by economic concerns similar to previous protests, it was primarily an anti-materialist movement which stressed self-sacrifice for real universal suffrage. Hong Kong has the highest income inequality among the developed economies of the world and worryingly this discrepancy is still increasing. While the Gini coefficient, which measures inequality, was already at an alarming 0.52 in 1996, that number had increased to 0.54 in 2011. This can be partially blamed on a business-dominated undemocratic political system which accords disproportionate power to the tycoons while neglecting the massive number of poor. Labor unions are extremely weak and unable to achieve much for their employees, who fear that striking could make them jobless in a highly competitive environment. Many people live in extremely crammed environments including cage homes that are so tiny it is impossible to sit upright. Recent measures to combat the problem such as the introduction of a minimum wage and the setting of an official poverty line have done little to stem the problem. This is due to the fact that these measures are highly insufficient as for instance the minimum wage of HK$30 (as of December 2014) is not enough to afford food and housing. The primary underlying factors driving the movement have therefore not been directly related to inequality but rather to the declining social mobility and worsening quality of life, 3 which affect those in the middle the most. In 2003, the inability of the government to deal with these problems were combined with the fear that even the civil rights, which are core values of Hongkongers, could be lost. It was triggered by the government's proposal to pass security legislation under Article 23 of the Basic Law, which threatened to undermine freedom of speech and assembly. As a consequence, an estimated 500,000 people joined in a massive rally through the central areas of Hong Kong island. The government eventually shelved the law and one year and another massive protest later, Tung Chee-hwa, the chief executive, also resigned. The recent Umbrella Movement has some things in common with previous pro-democracy protests. The main drivers behind the call for real democracy came from both students and academics, who were frustrated by the very slow progress of political reforms and deeply worried about the future of the city. The vast majority of participants were from middle income groups and not from those most affected by the deep social problems. In fact, a city-wide worker's strike, which was proposed by pan-democratic labor organizations, never materialized. The reality is that most workers rely on their meager salaries for survival and are not willing to risk their own jobs. The income inequality thus mattered more as a concern among academics. Much more close to the hearts of the activists was the fact that opportunities for upward mobility have become rare and housing costs make it very difficult to have a better life than previous generations. The movement also differed in one important aspect from most previous protests. Instead of emphasizing economic concerns, the Umbrella Movement epitomized the rejection of materialism and the money-making culture. It aspired to more idealistic goals such as the development of a truly democratic community in which people trust each other. A number of noteworthy events highlight this character of the movement. While the annual pro-democratic protest on 1st of July is used by many political parties and non-governmental organizations to collect donations, this was not the case in the two-month occupation. No one sold anything and people gave away stickers or postcards for free. Even the T-shirts and umbrellas

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were sold at production costs. In addition, you could get free water, snacks, or hot soup from supply stations. Many Hongkongers who did not dare to participate, donated large amounts of resources for the supply stations that supported it. Another important difference was the fact that the Umbrella Movement was a site that stressed arts and handicrafts, which are generally held in low regard by the money-oriented society. Because the government has primarily focused on what it considers the four key pillars of the economy (financial services, trading and logistics, tourism, as well as producer and professional services), manufacturing and cultural industries have been neglected. In the main protest site, called Umbrella Square, volunteers erected a self-made study corner as well as a network of passageways for easier access. Yellow ribbons made out of leather were produced as well as T-shirts were printed with Umbrella themed logos for which people stood in long lines. Finally, impressive installation art and drawings of all kinds were displayed. These artworks dealt with underlying issues, such as the social problems, as well as the need to keep faith in a better, democratic future. A key characteristic of the movement was moreover its educational nature. A group of professors and lecturers offered free lectures which began already during the student boycott in late September. During the occupation, the "democracy classroom" moved to the streets. The more than 110 different talks primarily focused on topics related to the movement including democratic politics, liberties, civil disobedience, as well as comparative perspectives. This aspect of the movement demonstrated the attempt to create a more sophisticated citizenry that is more aware of its rights and why those are important for the future development of the city. While a great deal of the activity was concentrated on the three main protest sites, there was also an attempt to expand the movement into the larger society. The most prominent attempt was the use of a gigantic yellow banner, which was placed on Hong Kong's landmark Lion Rock, an iconic mountain that can be seen from most of Kowloon. This was, however, not only an attempt to increase visibility but also an attempt to redefine the core meaning of the Hong Kong identity. In the 1970s, the mountain was seen as synonymous with the can-do spirit of Hongkongers, who can overcome any difficulties to climb the social ladder. The group announced in their Youtube video that "We think the spirit of Lion Rock isn't just about money…the people fighting for universal suffrage all over Hong Kong have shown great perseverance in their fight against injustice and perseverance in the face of difficulties. This is the true Lion Rock spirit." 4 With other words, Hongkongers are aiming for more than merely economic success to develop a democratic society that respects everyone. The most obvious example of the anti-materialist bent of the protest movement was the most recent form of protest, the so-called "Shopping Revolution" which has driven hundreds of people to participate in unorganized but peaceful resistance protests almost every night. The movement emerged after the clearance of the Mongkok protest site. Inside the rugged shopping district, the protesters meet at the same movie theatre every night around 8pm and then proceed their "shopping" tour along Sai Yeung Choi Street, which is a very busy shopping street. It includes the frequent chanting of slogans, the use of yellow banners that call for democracy, and slow walking and tossing of coins and picking them up again. This form of protest emerged when CY Leung announced that, after the clearance of the protest site, people should go back to shopping, which had triggered the memory of a Chinese mainlander who had been interviewed by the media during an anti-democracy protest and had said that she was in Hong Kong for shopping. The protesters then upended this and went protesting that appears like shopping. As a result, hundreds of policemen are deployed every night in the area. In conclusion, Hong Kong's regime change is driven mainly by people in the middle income groups, who are worried about the future of the city. Economic concerns such as the high housing costs and the living expenses clearly play an important role but they are less important than more idealistic values such as personal liberties and democratic rights. The Umbrella Movement has been markedly anti-materialist and grassroots democratic as many participants were striving for something more valuable than financial wealth. At

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_About & FAQs _Britt on CinemaBlend _Movie Reviews _Movies on Netflix _Must-See Movies _Television Reviews _TV Movie Reviews _Game of Thrones _Best TV on Netflix _Playlists _Music Reviews _Netflix _Amazon Prime Video _Acorn TV Interview with Sam Batt (Founder of Battfest) Eclectic Pop was fortunate to have Battfest founder, Sam Batt give an interview. Here she discusses her musical inspirations, aspirations and how you can join the Battfest movement. Eclectic Pop: First of all I want to thank you for doing this interview. You are Eclectic Pop's very first interview! I want to start by saying that I really respect what you are doing with this festival. It is an amazing & admirable achievement. Was there one thing that inspired you to start Battfest or was it a collection of things? Sam Batt: Thank you that's very kind of you to say. I'm honoured! I was on my way out to do a gig and Tony Moore posted on Facebook that he wanted to do some house gigs with his protege Ilona. I wanted to get his attention because he's helped a lot of emerging artists and runs venues in London, so I suggested a mini festival in my garden so I could play too and he loved the idea. I had done a lot of gigs that year so I got on the phone and called all the best acts I had met along the way. Tony called it Battfest and helped me set up the streaming. We only had about 3 weeks to prepare and I had one main helper, Roger Fauske. It was supposed to be a one-off but so many people asked me when the next one was going to be I decided to do it again. I had just joined the roster of Ladylake Music, who are the most awesome, US based promotions team. They started getting me lots of radio play and interviews and then I realised I could get all the radio stations involved in Battfest. On the topic of inspiration, what was your first concert? I grew up in a musical family so did a lot of performing as a child and was lucky enough to see some fantastic live gigs. I saw people like Elton John from the wings in huge venues and Stevie Wonder singing at a BBQ at the studio where he was recording. I did a solo piano gig playing jazz standards for a school function when I was about 14. My first band gig was in the manor house at Chessington Zoo. What are some things that people can expect from Battfest 2013? Mainly, GREAT music, all sorts of genres. We've got a lot of singer-songwriters and acoustic music and we've also got some brilliant bands. We'll have interviews in between acts and we'll also have some comedy and magic tricks from The Great Alprendo. As a singer/songwriter yourself, what is something that most people don't understand about musicians? We need to eat! Music takes time and money to produce. There's a lot of practicing and honing of skills and songs involved. We need to get paid and actually sell music, not just give it away. The gap between truly talented artists and who is having Billboard success seems to be infinitely large. What do you see as the key to bridging that gap and what is it that you think causes that divide in the first place? The music industry is going through massive changes at the moment. It used to be that you needed a record company because the costs of recording and promoting music were so high. Only a few acts would actually get signed and that these acts would either become huge megastars, or in a lot of cases, get shelved by their record companies so other acts didn't have to compete with them. You'd get offered a contract on a take-it-or-leave-it basis that often wasn't a great deal, but if you wanted to make it, you took and hoped for a better deal once you had. You hear so many stories about well-known musicians that ended up broke. That's all changing now because the technology to record is affordable and the technology to distribute and promote is as well. The trouble is, if you are doing everything that would previously have been done by a whole team of people it leaves less time for making music and indie artists don't generally have the resources to promote and advertise on mainstream media. The

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internet enables us but it also makes it difficult to stand out from the crowd, because there are so many great indie artists out there In the current climate of how people discover new music, what do you see as the best way for rising artists to be discovered? In my opinion sharing reciprocal promotions is the way forward. If I share a link to my friend's music, rather than my own, it gets more attention. It's so much easier to blow someone elses' trumpet! This doesn't just work with artists - there's a huge web of indie media. If I send 30 artists' music to a radio station it helps the artists AND the station because the artists share the links to the shows they're played on and bring in new listeners. When the radio stations team up and swap shows (cross-syndicate) they get more content and more listeners. The more we help each other, the more good it does us. That's why I'm building the Organic Media Network. I was going to call it the Organic Music Network but I realised we have a load of other media involved. Do you have any dream acts that you would like to see perform at Battfest, if so, who? I'd like to get some of the more well-known indies to play like George MIchael and David Bowie. That would be pretty cool. What has been your proudest moment running Battfest thus far? Firstly, I was really proud of the team coming together last year - at least a hundred people, most of whom hadn't met, all came together with loads of different technology and set up in my house and garden and it all worked. That was pretty good. Watching Rodney Branigan play last year gave me tingles because I couldn't believe the standard of entertainment I had managed to pull together. I think the best moment was finding out [that] we were trending on Twitter in the US. That's really hard to do. I couldn't have done that without Ladylake. What are you most excited for people to see at this year's Battfest? It's not so much what, as who. I've got the most AMAZING lineup. It's very eclectic too - should be something for everybody's tastes. It's so good I don't know who to pick out for you - they're all gems. This year they'll be displayed against black velvet and properly lit! If you go to the website you can click on their names and preview their music and also our playlist of their tracks which sounds awesome. I'm so glad to be on that album :) Where can everybody join the Battfest movement and check out the festival? Battfest.com and Battfest's Facebook page. If you want to be part of it you can help spread the word by sharing our player from the Facebook page on your social networks and be a broadcaster yourself! It will also be very easy to embed on any website. You can help by social networking too http://battfest.com/index.php/support-us/fan-support If you are a tv or radio station and would like to take some or all of the broadcast on your station, please get in touch http://battfest.com/index.php/contact-us and we'll send you a link. I want to thank Sam Batt for taking the time to do this interview. She is an amazing force and music is very lucky to have her presence. Written by Britt Lawrence Tags: Eclectic Pop Interview Music Britt Lawrence Britt is a freelance writer, and entertainment enthusiast with an "eclectic" taste in "pop" culture. As a freelancer, she is currently a Contributing TV News Writer at CinemaBlend. You can learn more about her by clicking her name. 'Medici' Season 3 Teaser Trailer Reveals Thrilling Final Chapter 'Black Spot' ('Zone Blanche') Season 2: That Ending And Theories That Could Explain It Streaming Spotlight: 'Jack Taylor' Season 4 Is Coming To Acorn TV 'Silver Spoon' Season 3 Trailer Has Me Desperate For Netflix Release The Archives January (7) December (11) November (13) October (9) September (10) August (9) July (6) June (6) May (12) April (9) March (8) February (11) January (5) December (5) November (4) October (4)

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#include <Xm/Xm.h> #include <Xbae/MatrixP.h> #include <Xbae/Actions.h> #include <Xbae/Utils.h> #include <Xbae/Clip.h> /* * Public.c created by Andrew Lister (7 August, 1995) */ /* * Public interface to set_cell method */ void XbaeMatrixSetCell(w, row, column, value ) Widget w; int row; int column; const String value; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the set_cell method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_cell) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column, value, True); } /* * Public interface to edit_cell method */ void XbaeMatrixEditCell(w, row, column) Widget w; int row, column; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the edit_cell method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.edit_cell) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column); XmProcessTraversal(TextChild(((XbaeMatrixWidget) w)), XmTRAVERSE_CURRENT); } /* * Public interface to select_cell method */ void XbaeMatrixSelectCell(w, row, column) Widget w; int row, column; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the select_cell method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.select_cell) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column); } /* * Public interface to select_row method */ void XbaeMatrixSelectRow(w, row) Widget w; int row; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the select_row method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.select_row) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row); } /* * Public interface to select_column method */ void XbaeMatrixSelectColumn(w, column) Widget w; int column; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the select_column method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.select_column) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, column); } /* * Public interface to deselect_all method */ void XbaeMatrixDeselectAll(w) Widget w; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the deselect_all method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.deselect_all) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w); } /* * Public interface to deselect_cell method */ void XbaeMatrixDeselectCell(w, row, column) Widget w; int row; int column; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass

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, NULL); /* * Call the deselect_cell method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.deselect_cell) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column); } /* * Public interface to deselect_row method */ void XbaeMatrixDeselectRow(w, row) Widget w; int row; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the deselect_row method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.deselect_row) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row); } /* * Public interface to deselect_column method */ void XbaeMatrixDeselectColumn(w, column) Widget w; int column; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the deselect_column method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.deselect_column) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, column); } /* * Public interface to get_cell method */ String XbaeMatrixGetCell(w, row, column) Widget w; int row, column; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the get_cell method */ return (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.get_cell) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column); } /* * Public interface to commit_edit method */ Boolean #if NeedFunctionPrototypes XbaeMatrixCommitEdit(Widget w, Boolean unmap) #else XbaeMatrixCommitEdit(w, unmap) Widget w; Boolean unmap; #endif { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the commit_edit method */ return (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.commit_edit) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, unmap); } /* * Public interface to cancel_edit method */ void #if NeedFunctionPrototypes XbaeMatrixCancelEdit(Widget w, Boolean unmap) #else XbaeMatrixCancelEdit(w, unmap) Widget w; Boolean unmap; #endif { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the cancel_edit method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.cancel_edit) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, unmap); } /* * Public interface to add_rows method */ void XbaeMatrixAddRows(w, position, rows, labels, colors, num_rows) Widget w; int position; String *rows; String *labels; Pixel *colors; int num_rows; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the add_rows method */ ( *( ( XbaeMatrixWidgetClass )XtClass( w ) )->matrix_class.add_rows ) ( ( XbaeMatrixWidget ) w, position, rows, labels, colors, NULL, num_rows ); } /* * Public interface to delete_rows method */ void XbaeMatrixDeleteRows(w, position, num_rows

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1,024

Github

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) Widget w; int position; int num_rows; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the delete_rows method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.delete_rows) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, num_rows); } /* * Public interface to add_columns method */ void XbaeMatrixAddColumns(w, position, columns, labels, widths, max_lengths, alignments, label_alignments, colors, num_columns) Widget w; int position; String *columns; String *labels; short *widths; int *max_lengths; unsigned char *alignments; unsigned char *label_alignments; Pixel *colors; int num_columns; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the add_columns method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.add_columns) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, columns, labels, widths, max_lengths, alignments, label_alignments, colors, NULL, num_columns); } /* * Public interface to delete_columns method */ void XbaeMatrixDeleteColumns(w, position, num_columns) Widget w; int position; int num_columns; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the delete_columns method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.delete_columns) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, num_columns); } /* * Public interface to set_row_colors method */ void XbaeMatrixSetRowColors(w, position, colors, num_colors) Widget w; int position; Pixel *colors; int num_colors; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the set_row_colors method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_row_colors) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, colors, num_colors, False); } /* * Public interface to set_column_colors method */ void XbaeMatrixSetColumnColors(w, position, colors, num_colors) Widget w; int position; Pixel *colors; int num_colors; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the set_column_colors method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_column_colors) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, colors, num_colors, False); } /* * Public interface to set_cell_color method */ void XbaeMatrixSetCellColor(w, row, column, color) Widget w; int row; int column; Pixel color; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the set_cell_color method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_cell_color) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column, color, False); } /* * Public interface to set_row_colors method */ void XbaeMatrixSetRowBackgrounds(w, position, colors

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Github

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, num_colors) Widget w; int position; Pixel *colors; int num_colors; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the set_row_colors method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_row_colors) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, colors, num_colors, True); } /* * Public interface to set_column_colors method */ void XbaeMatrixSetColumnBackgrounds(w, position, colors, num_colors) Widget w; int position; Pixel *colors; int num_colors; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the set_column_colors method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_column_colors) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, position, colors, num_colors, True); } /* * Public interface to set_cell_color method */ void XbaeMatrixSetCellBackground(w, row, column, color) Widget w; int row; int column; Pixel color; { /* * Make sure w is a Matrix or a subclass */ XtCheckSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass, NULL); /* * Call the set_cell_color method */ (*((XbaeMatrixWidgetClass) XtClass(w))->matrix_class.set_cell_color) ((XbaeMatrixWidget) w, row, column, color, True); } /* * Help the user know what row & column he is in given an x & y (via an event). * Return True on success, False on failure. */ int XbaeMatrixGetEventRowColumn(w, event, row, column) Widget w; XEvent * event; int *row; int *column; { XbaeMatrixWidget mw; int x, y; CellType cell; if (!XtIsSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass)) return (False); /* Convert the event to the correct XY for the matrix widget. */ mw = (XbaeMatrixWidget) w; if (!xbaeEventToXY(mw, event, &x, &y, &cell)) return (False); /* Convert the point to a row,column. If it does not pick a valid cell, then return. */ if (!xbaeXYToRowCol(mw, &x, &y, row, column, cell)) return (False); return (True); } /* * Help the programmer to know what row & column we are currently at. * Set the row & column to -1 if bad widget. Maybe the program will core. :) */ void XbaeMatrixGetCurrentCell(w, row, column) Widget w; int *row; int *column; { XbaeMatrixWidget mw; if (!XtIsSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass)) *row = *column = -1; else { mw = (XbaeMatrixWidget)w; *row = mw->matrix.current_row; *column = mw->matrix.current_column; } } /* * Allow the programmer to call the Expose method directly if he feels * that it is really needed. */ void XbaeMatrixRefresh(w) Widget w; { XbaeMatrixWidget mw = ( XbaeMatrixWidget )w; if (XtIsSubclass(w, xbaeMatrixWidgetClass) && XtIsRealized((Widget)mw)) { /* * Generate expose events on Matrix and Clip to force the redrawing. */ XClearArea(XtDisplay(mw),

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\section*{Introduction} The main result of the present paper is to construct a two-parameter family of Markov processes $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ in the infinite-dimensional Kingman simplex \begin{equation*} \overline{\nabla}_\infty=\biggl\{x=(x_1,x_2,\dots)\in[0,1]^\infty\colon x_1\ge x_2\ge\dots\ge0,\ {\displaystyle \sum\limits_{i=1}^\infty x_i\le 1}\biggr\}. \end{equation*} In the topology of coordinatewise convergence $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ is a compact, metrizable and separable space. Denote by $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ the algebra of real continuous functions on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ with pointwise operations and the supremum norm. In $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ there is a distinguished dense subspace $\mathcal{F}:=\mathbb{R}\left[ q_1,q_2,\dots \right]$ generated (as a commutative unital algebra) by algebraically independent continuous functions $q_k(x):=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i^{k+1}$, $k=1,2,\dots$, $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. For each $0\le\alpha<1$ and $\theta>-\alpha$ we define an operator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$ which can be written as a formal differential operator of second order with respect to the generators of the algebra $\mathcal{F}$:\footnote{Here, by agreement, $q_0=1$.} \begin{equation}\label{f0.1} \begin{array}{lcl} A&=&\displaystyle \sum_{i,j=1}^{\infty}(i+1)(j+1)(q_{i+j}-q_iq_j)\frac{\partial^2}{\partial q_i\partial q_j} \\&&\displaystyle\qquad+ \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left[ -(i+1)(i+\theta)q_i+(i+1)(i-\alpha)q_{i-1} \right]\frac{\partial}{\partial q_i}, \end{array} \end{equation} or (subject to certain restrictions, see Remarks \ref{p5.2} and \ref{p5.3} below) as a differential operator in natural coordinates: \begin{equation}\label{f0.2} A=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i^2}- \sum_{i,j=1}^{\infty}x_ix_j\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i\partial x_j}- \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}(\theta x_i+\alpha)\frac{\partial}{\partial x_i}. \end{equation} It is worth noting that the operator $A$ is defined only on $\mathcal{F}$, and a direct application of the right-hand sides of (\ref{f0.1}) and (\ref{f0.2}) to other functions requires caution. \smallskip {\bf{}Main theorem\/}. {\em{} {\rm{}(1)\/} The operator $A$ is closable in $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$; {\rm{}(2)\/} Its closure $\overline A$ generates a diffusion process $\{\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$, that is, a strong Markov process with continuous sample paths; {\rm{}(3)\/} The two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ is a unique invariant probability measure for $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$. The process is reversible with respect to that measure; {\rm{}(4)\/} The spectrum of the generator $\overline A$ is described explicitly in \S\ref{s4.2} below. Due to existence of a spectral gap, the process $\x{\alpha

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ArXiv

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}{\theta}(t)$ is ergodic with respect to the measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$\/}. \smallskip Fix arbitrary $0\le\alpha<1$ and $\theta>-\alpha$. We construct the process in the simplex $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ as a limit for a sequence of finite Markov chains with growing number of states. The state space for $n$th chain is the set of all partitions of $n$. Denote this set by $\mathbb{K}_n$. Each $\mathbb{K}_n$ is equipped with a certain probability measure $M_n$ (also depending on $\alpha$ and $\theta$) which is explicitly written out. The system $\{M_n\}$ is a partition structure.\footnote{This concept was introduced in \cite{Ki3}. In a more general setting also the name ``coherent system of random partitions'' is used (see, e.g., \cite{KOO,BO}).} A bijection between partition structures and probability measures on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ was established in \cite{Ki3}. The Poisson-Dirichlet measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ corresponds to the two-parameter Ewens-Pitman's partition struc\-ture $\{M_n\}$. In the case $\alpha=0$ this partition structure was introduced in \cite{Ew}, the two-parameter generalization is due to Pitman \cite{Pi1}. A special case $\alpha=0$, $\theta=1$ of $\{M_n\}$ was considered in \cite{VS} in connection with limit behaviour of certain functionals on the symmetric group $\mathfrak{S}_n$ as $n\to\infty$. Also in \cite{VS} the measure $\pd{0}{1}$ was studied. Two-parameter Ewens-Pitman's partition structures were studied in \cite{Pi2,Pi-Rand,Pi3,GP,PY,DGP} and many other works. See also \cite{Pi3} for more bibliography. It should be noted that the first example of a Markov process in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ having the two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet measure as a unique invariant symmetrizing probability measure was constructed in \cite{Be}. Diffusions in the infinite-dimensional unordered simplex preserving the GEM-distribution (Griffths-Engen-McCloskey, see \cite{Pi3}) are considered in a recent paper \cite{FW}. The GEM-distribution maps into the Poisson-Dirichlet measure if we reorder the coordinates in a descending order. The case $\alpha=0$ is relatively well understood and has applications to population genetics. The measure $\pd{0}{\theta}$ appeared in \cite{Ki1}. The process $\x{0}{\theta}(t)$ was const\-ructed in \cite{EK1} as a limit for diffusion processes in finite-dimensional simplexes as their dimension grows. In \S\ref{s5.4} we show that these finite-dimensional diffusions arise as a particular case of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ when $\alpha=-\beta<0$ and $\theta=N\beta$, $N=2,3,\dots$. Note also that when $\alpha=0$ the operator $A$ is equal to the operator \cite[(2.10)]{EK1} multiplied by two. In \cite{EK1} it was also proved that $\x{0}{\theta}(t)$ is a limit process for a certain Moran-type population model (about this model see also \cite{Wa1} and \cite[Model II]{KMG}). This Moran-type model is a sequence of finite Markov chains on partitions. They differ from the ones considered in the present paper but have the same limit. The process $\x{0}{\theta}(t)$ (when $\alpha=0$) is called the {\em{}infinitely many neutral alleles diffusion model\/}. It was also studied in \cite{Et,Schm

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471, 884, 12399, 297, 29871, 13, 29905, 2036, 29912, 29923, 29873, 29892, 4504, 29885 ]

99

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} and other works. The results of the present paper extend some of the results of \cite{EK1} and \cite{Et} to the case $\alpha\ne0$. However, it seems that in the general case there is no connection between the model $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ and population genetics. Namely, both finite Markov chains and the process in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ have no known interpretation in terms of population genetics. In the present paper the construction of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ involves only partition structures and up/down Markov chains. The up/down chains first appeared in \cite{Fu1}. They were also studied in the papers \cite{BO,Fu2}. The setting of the problem studied in the present paper and the general approach to it were inspired by \cite{BO}. However, the concrete computations here are performed in a different way. Monomial symmetric functions in the present paper play the same role as Schur functions in \cite{BO}. The former are simpler than the latter, and the final result is achieved by simpler means. In addition to the results similar to \cite{BO} one can compute the operator $A$ in natural coordinates (\ref{f0.2}) and describe the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ when $\alpha=-\beta<0$ and $\theta=N\beta$. Let us describe the organization of the paper. In \S\ref{s1.1} we recall some notation concerning partitions. In \S\ref{s1.2} the definitions of partition structures and up/down Markov chains related to them are recalled. In \S\ref{s1.3} we give the definition of Ewens-Pitman's partition structures. We also recall some of their properties. In \S\ref{s2} we deal with some properties of symmetric functions in the coordinates $\left( x_1,x_2,\dots \right)$ of a point $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. These symmetric functions form the algebra $\mathcal{F}$ defined above. In these terms we formulate the Kingman theorem about the one-to-one correspondence between partition structures and probability measures on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. In \S\ref{s3} we obtain an explicit expression for the action of operators $T_n$ (each $T_n$ is a transition operator of the $n$th up/down Markov chain) on symmetric functions in the coordinates $\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\dots$ of a partition $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n$. In \S\ref{s4.1} we perform a limit transition from the up/down Markov chains to the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. First, we use the connection of symmetric functions in the coordinates of a partition with symmetric functions on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ to explicitly compute the limit of the operators $n^2(T_n-{\bf1})$. This limit is an operator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$ described above. After that we use some general results from the book \cite{EK2} to establish the convergence of discrete semigroups $\left\{ {\bf1},T_n,T_n^2,\dots \right\}$ to the continuous semigroup $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$. This semigroup is generated by the closure $\overline A$ of the operator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$. In \S\ref{s4.2} we formulate the remaining results of the Main Theorem except the result about the continuity of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$'s sample paths. In \S\ref{s5.1} we derive (\ref{f0.2}). We also give explanations why the RHS of this formula should not be understood literally. In \S\ref{s5.2} we derive the formula (\ref{f0.1

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29912, 29888, 29900, 29889, 29896 ]

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}) for the operator $A$. Using this formula it is possible to prove the continuity of the sample paths of the process in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. In \S\ref{s5.4} we deal with the case of degenerate values of the parameters, namely, $\alpha=-\beta$, $\theta=N\beta$. In this case as a limit of up/down Markov chains instead of the diffusion in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ we obtain a diffusion in the $(N-1)$-dimensional simplex. This diffusion coincides with the one studied in \cite{EK1}. The author is very grateful to Grigori Olshanski for the setting of the problem, permanent attention and fruitful discussions. \section{Ewens-Pitman's partition structures}\label{s1} \subsection{Notation}\label{s1.1} In this subsection we give some combinatorial notation which is used throughout the paper. A partition is a sequence of the form \begin{equation*} \lambda=(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\dots,\lambda_\ell,0,0,\dots),\qquad \lambda_1\ge\lambda_2\ge\dots\ge\lambda_\ell>0, \end{equation*} where $\lambda_i\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}$ and only a finite number of elements differs from zero. Partitions are identified with Young diagrams as in \cite{Ma}. We denote them by same letters. The number of boxes in $\lambda$ is denoted by $|\lambda|=\lambda_1+\dots+\lambda_\ell$. The number of rows in $\lambda$ is called the {\em{}length of a diagram\/} and is denoted by $\ell(\lambda)$. Also let $\varnothing$ denote the empty Young diagram. If a diagram $\lambda$ is obtained from a diagram $\mu$ by adding one box, then we write $\mu\nearrow\lambda$ or, equivalently, $\lambda\searrow\mu$. Denote this box (that distinguishes $\lambda$ and $\mu$) by $\lambda/\mu$. Let $\square$ be an arbitrary box. By $\mathrm{r}(\square)$ denote its column number counting from left to right. This number does not depend on a partition containing the box. Fix an arbitrary nonempty diagram $\lambda$. The following important properties hold. First, for each $i=1,\dots,\ell(\lambda)$ there exists a unique box with $\mathrm{r}(\square)=\lambda_i$ (denoted by $\square(\lambda_i)$) such that it can be removed from $\lambda$ and the result is again a Young diagram. The resulting diagram is denoted by $\lambda-\square(\lambda_i)$. Every diagram $\mu$ such that $\mu\nearrow\lambda$ has this form. Second, for each $i=1,\dots,\ell(\lambda)$ there exists a unique box with $\mathrm{r}(\square)=\lambda_i+1$ (denoted by $\square(\lambda_i+1)$) such that it can be added to $\lambda$ and the result is again a Young diagram. Denote the resulting diagram by $\lambda+\square(\lambda_i+1)$. Every diagram $\nu$ such that $\nu\searrow\lambda$ has either the form $\lambda+\square(\lambda_i+1)$ for some $i=1,\dots,\ell(\lambda)$ or the form $\lambda+\square(1)$, where $\lambda+\square(1)$ is the diagram obtained from $\lambda$ by adding a one-box row. For a natural $k$ by $\kr{\lambda}{k}$ denote the number of rows in $\lambda$ of length $k$. It is a nonnegative integer. For two diagrams $\mu,\lambda$ such that $|\lambda|=|\mu|+1$ we set \begin{equation*} \kra{\lambda}{\mu}:=\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \kr{\lambda}{\mathrm{r}(\lambda/\mu)},&\mbox{if $\mu\nearrow\lambda$};\\ 0,&\mbox{otherwise}. \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} All Young diagrams are organized in a graded set $\mathbb{K}:=\

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29912, 29968, 6177, 2013 ]

99

3,072

ArXiv

-1

bigsqcup_{n=0}^{\infty}\mathbb{K}_n$, where $\mathbb{K}_n=\left\{ \lambda\colon|\lambda|=n \right\}$, $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}$, $\mathbb{K}_0=\left\{ \varnothing \right\}$. We introduce the structure of a graded graph on this set. This graph has edges only between consecutive ``floors'' $\mathbb{K}_n$ and $\mathbb{K}_{n+1}$. If $\mu\in\mathbb{K}_n$ and $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_{n+1}$ for some $n\ge0$, then we draw $\kra{\lambda}{\mu}$ edges between $\mu$ and $\lambda$. Let edges be oriented in the direction from $\mathbb{K}_n$ to $\mathbb{K}_{n+1}$. This graph differs from the Young graph. Namely, the latter has the same edges without multiplicities. By $g(\mu,\lambda)$ denote the total number of oriented paths from $\mu$ to $\lambda$ in the graph $\mathbb{K}$. Clearly, $g(\mu,\lambda)$ vanishes unless $\mu\subset\lambda$ as diagrams (the sets of boxes in the plane). Set $g(\lambda):=g(\varnothing,\lambda)$, it appears that $g(\lambda)=|\lambda|!/(\lambda_1!\dots\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}!)$. We will also need Pochhammer symbols \begin{equation*} (a)_k:=a(a+1)\dots(a+k-1),\quad k=1,2,\dots,\qquad (a)_0:=1 \end{equation*} and factorial powers \begin{equation*} a^{\downarrow k}:=a(a-1)\dots(a-k+1),\quad k=1,2,\dots,\qquad a^{\da0}:=1. \end{equation*} \subsection{The up/down Markov chains}\label{s1.2} The graph structure on $\mathbb{K}$ is important, but in this paper it is needed only to use the recurrent relations (\ref{f1}) for $g(\mu,\lambda)$ below. One of the most important objects under consideration are the {\em{}up/down Markov chains\/}. They were studied in \cite{BO,Fu1,Fu2}.\footnote{The papers \cite{Fu1,Fu2} introduced and studied the down/up chains, but their difference from the up/down chains is minor.} We use the formalism of \cite[\S1]{BO} to define them. The {\em{}down transition function\/} for $\mu,\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$ such that $|\lambda|=|\mu|+1$ is defined as \begin{equation*} p^\downarrow(\lambda,\mu):=\frac{g(\mu)}{g(\lambda)}\kra{\lambda}{\mu}. \end{equation*} It can be easily checked that \begin{itemize} \item $p^\downarrow(\lambda,\mu)\ge0$ for all $\mu,\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$ such that $|\lambda|=|\mu|+1$; \item $p^\downarrow(\lambda,\mu)$ vanishes unless $\mu\nearrow\lambda$; \item If $|\lambda|=n\ge1$, then $\sum_{\mu\colon|\mu|=n-1}p^\downarrow(\lambda,\mu)=1$. \end{itemize} The object $(\mathbb{K},p^\downarrow)$ gives rise to {\em{}partition structures\/} $\{M_n\}_{n\ge0}$, where $M_n$ is a probability measure on $\mathbb{K}_n$ for every $n\ge0$ and \begin{equation}\label{f2} M_n(\mu)=\sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\searrow\mu}M_{n+1}(\lambda)p^\downarrow(\lambda,\mu)\quad\mbox{for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$ and $\mu\in\mathbb{K}_n$.} \end{equation} Here by $M_n(\mu)$ we denote the measure of a singleton $\{ \mu \

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99

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ArXiv

-1

}$. Fix a partition structure $\left\{ M_n \right\}$. The {\em{}up transition function\/} for $\lambda,\nu\in\mathbb{K}$ such that $|\nu|=|\lambda|+1$ and $M_n(\lambda)\ne0$ is defined as \begin{equation*} p^\uparrow(\lambda,\nu):=\frac{M_{n+1}(\nu)}{M_n(\lambda)}p^\downarrow(\nu,\lambda). \end{equation*} This function depends on the choice of a partition structure. Moreover, $\left\{ M_n \right\}$ and $p^\uparrow$ are consistent in a sense similar to (\ref{f2}): \begin{equation*} M_{n+1}(\nu)=\sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\nearrow\nu,\; \lambda\in\mathop{\mathrm{supp}}(M_n)}M_n(\lambda)p^\uparrow(\lambda,\nu) \quad\mbox{for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$ and $\nu\in\mathbb{K}_{n+1}$.} \end{equation*} Let $\left\{ M_n \right\}$ be a partition structure and $M_n(\lambda)>0$ for all $n\ge0$ and $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n$. Let us define a Markov chain $T_n$ on each $\mathbb{K}_n$, $n\ge1$ with the following transition matrix: \begin{equation*} T_n(\lambda,\widetilde \lambda):=\sum_{\nu\colon|\nu|=n+1}p^\uparrow(\lambda,\nu)p^\downarrow(\nu,\widetilde\lambda),\qquad \lambda,\widetilde\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n. \end{equation*} This is the composition of the up and down transition functions, from $\mathbb{K}_n$ to $\mathbb{K}_{n+1}$ and then back to $\mathbb{K}_n$. From the definitions above it follows that $M_n$ is a stationary distribution for $T_n$. It can be readily shown that the matrix $M_n(\lambda)T_n(\lambda,\widetilde\lambda)$ is symmetric with respect to the substitution $\lambda\leftrightarrow\widetilde\lambda$. This means that the chain $T_n$ is reversible with respect to $M_n$. \subsection{Ewens-Pitman's partition structures}\label{s1.3} In the present paper we deal with a special two-parameter family of {\em{}Ewens-Pitman's partition structures\/}. It is defi\-ned as follows. Let $\alpha$ and $\theta$ be arbitrary parameters. We set \begin{equation*} M_n(\lambda):=\frac{n!}{(\theta)_n}\cdot\frac{\theta(\theta+\alpha)\dots(\theta+(\ell(\lambda)-1)\alpha)} {\prod_{k=1}^{\infty}\kr{\lambda}{k}!\cdot\prod_{i=1}^{\ell(\lambda)}\lambda_i!} \prod_{\textstyle\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{\square\in\lambda}{\mathrm{r}(\square)\ge2}}(\mathrm{r}(\square)-1-\alpha). \end{equation*} for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$ and $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n$. It can be proved that for all $\alpha$ and $\theta$ such that $M_n$ is well-defined $M_n$ satisfies (\ref{f2}) and that for such parameters we have \begin{equation*} \sum_{\lambda\colon|\lambda|=n}M_n(\lambda)=1\quad\mbox{for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$.} \end{equation*} It also can be checked that $M_n(\lambda)$ is nonnegative for all $n\ge0$ and $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n$ if and only if \begin{itemize} \item ({\em{}principal series\/}) $0\le\alpha<1$ and $\theta>-\alpha$; \item ({\em{}degenerate series\/}) $\alpha=-\beta<0$ and $\

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theta=N\beta$ for some $N=2,3,\dots$. \end{itemize} In the principal series the support of each $M_n$ is the whole $\mathbb{K}_n$. In degenerate series $M_n(\lambda)>0$ only for $\lambda$ of length $\le N$. It follows that when the parameters are of either principal or degenerate series, the system $\{M_n\}_{n\ge 0}$ is a partition structure. It is called the Ewens-Pitman's partition structure. It can be easily shown that the up transition function for this partition structure equals \begin{equation*} p^\uparrow(\lambda,\nu)=\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \displaystyle \frac{\lambda_i-\alpha}{n+\theta}\kr{\lambda}{\lambda_i},& \mbox{if $\nu=\lambda+\square(\lambda_i+1)$ for $1\le i\le\ell(\lambda)$;} \\\rule{0pt}{18pt} \displaystyle \frac{\theta+\ell(\lambda)\alpha}{n+\theta},&\mbox{if $\nu=\lambda+\square(1)$;}\\ 0,&\mbox{otherwise}, \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} where $|\lambda|=n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$. Everywhere below except \S\ref{s5.4} we assume that the parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ are of principal series. It was explained in \S\ref{s1.2} that in this case due to the positivity of $M_n$ on the whole $\mathbb{K}_n$ we can consider the up/down Markov chains on $\mathbb{K}_n$, $n\ge1$. \section{Symmetric functions and the Kingman simplex}\label{s2} \subsection{Symmetric functions}\label{s2.1} Let $\Lambda$ be the (real) algebra of symmetric functions in the formal variables $y_1,y_2,\dots$. We will need the following functions: {\em{}Newton power sums\/} $p_k=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}y_i^k,$ $k=1,2,\dots$. These elements are algebraically independent and generate $\Lambda$ as a commutative unital algebra: $\Lambda=\mathbb{R}\left[ p_1,p_2,p_3,\dots \right]$. {\em{}Monomial functions} $m_\lambda$, $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$ are defined as $\sum y_{i_1}^{\lambda_1}\dots y_{i_\ell(\lambda)}^{\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}}$, where the sum is taken over all {\em{}distinct monomials\/}, the indexes $i_1,\dots,i_{\ell(\lambda)}$ are pairwise distinct and run from one to infinity. We also need multiples of $m_\lambda$ of the form $\mathbf{m}_\lambda:=\big(\prod_{k\ge1}\kr{\lambda}{k}!\big)m_\lambda$. They can be viewed as similar sums $\sum y_{i_1}^{\lambda_1}\dots y_{i_\ell(\lambda)}^{\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}}$, where the sum is taken over all {\em{}collections of pairwise distinct indexes\/} $i_1,\dots,i_{\ell(\lambda)}$ from one to infinity. It is sometimes simpler to deal with $\mathbf{m}_\lambda$ instead of $m_\lambda$. Each of the systems $\{m_\lambda\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{K}}$ and $\{\mathbf{m}_\lambda\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{K}}$ is a basis for $\Lambda$ as a vector space over $\mathbb{R}$. {\em{}Factorial functions\/} $m_\lambda^*$ and $\mathbf{m}_\lambda^*$, $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$ are obtained from $m_\lambda$ and $\mathbf{m}_\lambda^*$, respec\-tively, by substituting each power of a variable $y_i^k$ by the factorial power $y_i^{\downarrow k}$. Hence the homogeneous component of $

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m_\lambda^*$ and $\mathbf{m}_\lambda^*$ of maximal degree $|\lambda|$ is equal to $m_\lambda$ and $\mathbf{m}_\lambda$, respectively. It follows that each of the systems $\{m_\lambda^*\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{K}}$ and $\{\mathbf{m}_\lambda^*\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{K}}$ is also a basis for $\Lambda$ as a vector space over $\mathbb{R}$. Let $I:=(p_1-1)\Lambda$ be the principal ideal in $\Lambda$ generated by $p_1-1$. Set $\La^\circ:=\Lambda/I$. To every element $f\in\Lambda$ corresponds an image in $\La^\circ$ denoted by $f^\circ$. In particular, $p_1^\circ=1$ and $\La^\circ$ is freely generated (as a commutative unital algebra) by the elements $p_k^\circ$, $k=2,3,\dots$. Moreover, \begin{equation*} \Lambda=\mathbb{R}\left[ p_1,p_2,p_3\dots \right]= I\oplus\mathbb{R}\left[ p_2,p_3,\dots \right]. \end{equation*} It follows that $\La^\circ\cong\mathbb{R}\left[ p_2,p_3,\dots \right]$. It can be easily checked that the basis for the latter algebra over $\mathbb{R}$ is $\{m_\lambda\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{K},\; \kr{\lambda}1=0}$. Therefore, the basis for $\La^\circ$ over $\mathbb{R}$ is $\{m_\lambda^\circ\}_{\lambda\in\mathbb{K},\; \kr{\lambda}1=0}$. \subsection{The Kingman simplex and moment coordinates}\label{s2.2} In the Introduction we described the {\em{}Kingman simplex\/} \begin{equation*} \overline{\nabla}_\infty=\biggl\{x=(x_1,x_2,\dots)\in[0,1]^\infty\colon x_1\ge x_2\ge\dots\ge0,\ {\displaystyle \sum\limits_{i=1}^\infty x_i\le 1}\biggr\}. \end{equation*} It is a compact, metrizable and separable space in the topology of coordinatewise convergence (we use this topology throughout the paper). The simplex $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ contains a distinguished dense subspace $\nabla_\infty:=\{x=(x_1,x_2,\dots)\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty\colon\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i=1\}$. The use of the symbols $\nabla_\infty$ and $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ follows the work \cite{EK1}. By $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ denote the algebra of real continuous functions on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ with pointwise operations and the supremum norm. To every point $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ we assign a probability measure \begin{equation*} \nu_x:=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i\delta_{x_i}+\gamma(x)\delta_0 \end{equation*} on the segment $\left[ 0,1 \right]$, where $\delta_s$ is the Dirac measure at a point $s$ and $\gamma(x):=1-\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i$. By $q_k(x)$ denote the $k$th moment of $\nu_x$: \begin{equation*} q_k(x):=\int_0^1u^k\nu_x(du)=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i^{k+1},\qquad k=1,2,\dots. \end{equation*} These functions are continuous on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ because $x_i\le i^{-1}$ for every $i=1,2,\dots$. It is worth noting that the function $\gamma(x)$ is not continuous on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. The functions $q_k(x)$, $k\ge1$ also separate points of $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ (because the measure on $\left[ 0,1 \right]$

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in uniquely determined by its moments) and are algebraically independent. Following \cite{BO} we call $q_1(x),q_2(x),\dots$ the {\em{}moment coordinates\/} of a point $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. Let $\mathcal{F}=\mathbb{R}\left[ q_1,q_2,\dots \right]$ be the commutative unital algebra generated by the moment coordinates. By the Stone-Weierstrass theorem, $\mathcal{F}$ is a dense subalgebra of $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ . \subsection{Symmetric functions on the simplex. The Kingman theorem}\label{s2.3} The correspondence $p_2^\circ\to q_1(x), p_3^{\circ}\to q_2(x),\dots$ establishes an isomorphism of the algebra $\La^\circ$ described in \S\ref{s2.1} and the algebra $\mathcal{F}$ from \S\ref{s2.2}. Hence to each element $f^\circ\in\La^\circ$ corresponds a continuous function on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. Denote this function by $f^\circ(x)$. In particular, $p_k^\circ(x)=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i^k$, $k=2,3,\dots$ and $p_1^\circ(x)\equiv1$. Now we recall the Kingman theorem about partition structures. Consider for $n=1,2,\dots$ the following embeddings \begin{equation*} \iota_n\colon\mathbb{K}_n\hookrightarrow\overline{\nabla}_\infty,\qquad \iota_n\colon(\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_\ell)\mapsto \left( \frac{\lambda_1}n,\dots,\frac{\lambda_\ell}n,0,0,\dots \right)\in \overline{\nabla}_\infty, \end{equation*} where $\lambda=(\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_\ell)\in\mathbb{K}_n$. The next remark will be useful in \S\ref{s4}. \begin{note}\label{p2.1}\rm{} The sets $\iota_n(\mathbb{K}_n)$ approximate the space $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ in the sense that any open subset of $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ has a nonempty intersection with $\iota_n(\mathbb{K}_n)$ for all $n$ large enough. \end{note} \begin{thm}[\cite{Ki3,KOO}]\label{p2.2} For every partition structure $\left\{ M_n \right\}$ on $\mathbb{K}$ there exists a Borel probability measure $P$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ (called the {\em{}boundary measure\/} of a partition structure) such that \begin{equation*} P=\lim_{n\to\infty}\iota_n(M_n). \end{equation*} Conversely, any partition structure can be reconstructed from its boundary measure as follows: \begin{equation*} M_n(\lambda)=g(\lambda)\int_{\overline{\nabla}_\infty}m_\lambda^\circ(x)P(dx)\quad\mbox{for all $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n$.} \end{equation*} Hence the partition structures on $\mathbb{K}$ and Borel probability measures on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ are in one-to-one correspondence. \end{thm} To the Ewens-Pitman's partition structure (\S\ref{s1.3}) with parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ of principal or degenerate series corresponds the well-known {\em{}Poisson-Dirichlet measure\/} $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$. We have\footnote{The functions $\mathbf{m}_\lambda$ are used instead of $m_\lambda$ to simplify the notation.} \begin{equation*} \int_{\overline{\nabla}_\infty}\mathbf{m}_\lambda^\circ(x)\,\pd\alpha\theta(dx)=\frac{(-\theta/\alpha)^{\downarrow\ell(\lambda)}}{

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(\theta)_{|\lambda|}} \prod_{i=1}^{\ell(\lambda)}(-\alpha)_{\lambda_i}\quad\mbox{for all $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$}. \end{equation*} When $\alpha=0$, the value of the RHS is obtained by continuity. It is known (see, e.g., \cite{PPY,Pi-Rand}) that the measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$ is concentrated on the dense subset $\nabla_\infty\subset\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ (the definition of $\nabla_\infty$ see in \S\ref{s2.2}). \section{The up/down Markov chains transition operators' action on symmetric functions}\label{s3} Here we assume that the parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ are of principal series. Let us introduce some extra notation first. For every set $\mathcal{X}$ denote by $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathcal{X})$ the algebra of real functions on $\mathcal{X}$ with pointwise operations. Consider an embedding of the algebra of symmetric functions $\Lambda$ into the algebra $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K})$ defined on the generators $p_k$, $k=1,2,\dots$ as follows: $p_k\to p_k(\lambda):=\sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\lambda)}\lambda_i^k$. Thus, to every element $f\in\Lambda$ corresponds a function from $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K})$. Denote this function by $f(\lambda)$. Let $f\in\Lambda$. By $f_n$ denote the restriction of the function $f(\cdot)\in\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K})$ to $\mathbb{K}_n\subset\mathbb{K}$. It can be easily checked that the subalgebra $\Lambda\subset\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K})$ separates points. Therefore, the functions of the form $f_n$, with $f\in\Lambda$, exhaust the (finite-dimensional) space $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$. The aim of this section is to prove the following proposition which is needed for Lemma \ref{p4.1} below. \begin{prop}\label{p3.1} Consider the transition operator of the $n$th up/down Markov chain $T_n\colon\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)\to\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$ which corresponds to the two-parameter Ewens-Pitman's partition structure. Its action on the functions $\mathbf{m}_\mu^*$, $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ looks as follows: \begin{equation*} \left. \begin{array}{l}\displaystyle (T_n-{\bf1})(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n=-\frac{k(k-1+\theta)}{(n+1)(n+\theta)}(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n \\\displaystyle\qquad+ \frac{n+1-k}{(n+1)(n+\theta)} \sum_{\textstyle\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{i=1}{\mu_i\ge2}}^{\ell(\mu)} \mu_i\big(\mu_i-1-\alpha\big) \big(\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(\mu_i)}^*\big)_n\\\displaystyle\qquad+ \frac{n+1-k}{(n+1)(n+\theta)} \krbig{\mu}{1}\big(\theta+\alpha(\ell(\mu)-1)\big)\big(\mathbf{m}^*_{\mu-\square(1)}\big)_n, \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} where ${\bf1}$ denotes the identity operator and $k=|\mu|$. \end{prop} \begin{note}\label{p3.2}\rm{} The Proposition states that $(T_n-{\bf1})(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n$ is a linear combination of the functions $(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n$ (the first summand in the RHS) and

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99

9,216

ArXiv

-1

the functions of the form $(\mathbf{m}_\varkappa^*)_n$ for all $\varkappa\colon\varkappa\nearrow\mu$. The sum over $i$ in the RHS deals with $\varkappa$ of the same length as $\mu$. Note that this sum contains similar terms if $\mu$ has equal rows of length $\ge2$. The last summand is nonzero if $\kr{\mu}{1}>0$ and in this case corresponds to the diagram $\varkappa=\mu-\square(1)$ obtained from $\mu$ by deleting a one-box row. \end{note} Let us give two formulas concerning factorial functions and the numbers of paths $g(\mu,\lambda)$ defined in \S\ref{s1.1}. We use these formulas below to proof the Proposition \ref{p3.1}. Let $|\lambda|=n\ge m=|\mu|$, $\lambda,\mu\in\mathbb{K}$. Then \begin{equation}\label{f1.1} \frac{g(\mu,\lambda)}{g(\lambda)}=\frac{(m_\mu^*)_n(\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)})} {n(n-1)\dots(n-m+1)}, \end{equation} and \begin{equation}\label{f1} g(\mu,\lambda)=\sum_{\varkappa\colon\varkappa\nearrow\lambda}\kra{\lambda}{\varkappa} g(\mu,\varkappa). \end{equation} The formula (\ref{f1.1}) can be checked directly, and (\ref{f1}) follows from the definitions of $g(\mu,\lambda)$ and $\kappa(\varkappa,\lambda)$, see \S\ref{s1.1}. In order to prove Proposition \ref{p3.1} let us write the operator $T_n$ as a composition of ``down'' $D_{n+1,n}\colon \mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)\to\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_{n+1})$ and ``up'' $U_{n,n+1}\colon\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_{n+1})\to\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_{n})$ operators acting on functions. The operator $D_{n+1,n}$ is constructed using the down transition probabilities and does not depend on the parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$. The operator $U_{n,n+1}$ is constructed using the up transition probabilities and depends on the parameters. Namely, \begin{equation}\label{f2.9} \left. \begin{array}{rcll} (D_{n+1,n}f_n)(\lambda)&:=& \displaystyle\sum_{\mu\colon\mu\nearrow\lambda}p^\downarrow(\lambda,\mu)f_n(\mu),&\qquad\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_{n+1}\\ \rule{0pt}{16pt} (U_{n,n+1}f_{n+1})(\mu)&:=& \displaystyle\sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\searrow\mu}p^\uparrow(\mu,\lambda)f_{n+1}(\lambda),&\qquad\mu\in\mathbb{K}_n. \end{array} \right. \end{equation} These operators are adjoint to the corresponding operators acting on measures. The latter act in agreement with their names, e.g., $D_{n+1,n}^*\colon \mathcal{M}(\mathbb{K}_{n+1})\to \mathcal{M}(\mathbb{K}_{n})$, where $\mathcal{M}(\mathcal{X})$ is the space of measures on $\mathcal{X}$. It clearly follows from the definition of the $n$th up/down Markov chain (\S\ref{s1.2}) that $T_n=U_{n,n+1}\circ D_{n+1,n}\colon\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)\to\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$, $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}$. Proposition \ref{p3.

0.115826

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99

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ArXiv

-1

1} directly follows from \begin{lemma} {\rm{}(1)\/} There exists a unique operator $\widetilde D\colon\Lambda\to\Lambda$ such that \begin{equation*} D_{n+1,n}f_n=\frac1{n+1}(\widetilde Df)_{n+1} \end{equation*} for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$ and $f\in\Lambda$. In the basis $\{ \mathbf{m}_\mu^* \}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K}}$ for the algebra $\Lambda$ this operator has the form \begin{equation}\label{f3} \widetilde D\mathbf{m}_\mu^*=(p_1-|\mu|)\mathbf{m}_\mu^*. \end{equation} {\rm{}(2)\/} There exists a unique operator $\widetilde U\colon\Lambda\to\Lambda$ such that \begin{equation*} U_{n,n+1}g_{n+1}=\frac1{n+\theta}(\widetilde Ug)_{n} \end{equation*} for all $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}$ and $g\in\Lambda$. In the basis $\{\mathbf{m}_\mu^*\}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K}}$ for the algebra $\Lambda$ this operator has the form \begin{equation}\label{f4} \left. \begin{array}{r} \displaystyle \widetilde U\mathbf{m}_\mu^*= \big(p_1+\theta+|\mu|\big)\mathbf{m}_\mu^* +\sum_{\textstyle\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{i=1}{\mu_i\ge2}}^{\ell(\mu)} \mu_i\big( \mu_i-1-\alpha \big)\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(\mu_i)}^*\phantom{.} \\\displaystyle\rule{0pt}{12pt} +\krbig{\mu}{1}\big(\theta+\alpha(\ell(\mu)-1)\big)\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(1)}^*. \end{array} \right. \end{equation} \end{lemma} Note that in the RHS of (\ref{f4}) there is a sum similar to the one explained in Remark \ref{p3.2}. \begin{proof} (1) Let us show that the operator $\widetilde D$ defined by (\ref{f3}) is the desired one. We use the connection (\ref{f1.1}) of factorial functions with the numbers of paths $g(\mu,\lambda)$ and the recurrent relations (\ref{f1}) for the latter. Let $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$, $\nu\in\mathbb{K}_{n+1}$. We suppose that $n\ge|\mu|$, because otherwise $(m_\mu^*)_n=0$. We have \begin{equation*} \left. \begin{array}{l}\displaystyle (D_{n+1,n}(m_\mu^*)_n)(\nu)= \sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\nearrow\nu}p^\downarrow(\nu,\lambda)(m_\mu^*)_n(\lambda)\\\displaystyle\quad= \sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\nearrow\nu}\frac{g(\lambda)}{g(\nu)} \kra{\nu}{\lambda}(m_\mu^*)_n(\lambda)= \sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\nearrow\nu}\frac{g(\lambda)}{g(\nu)} \kra{\nu}{\lambda}n^{\downarrow|\mu|}\frac{g(\mu,\lambda)}{g(\lambda)}\\\displaystyle\quad= \frac{n^{\downarrow|\mu|}}{g(\nu)}\sum_{\lambda\colon\lambda\nearrow\nu} \kra{\nu}{\lambda}g(\mu,\lambda)=n^{\downarrow|\mu|}\frac{g(\mu,\nu)}{g(\nu)}= \frac{n

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99

11,264

ArXiv

-1

+1-|\mu|}{n+1}(m_\mu^*)_{n+1}(\nu). \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} Thus, \begin{equation*} \frac1{n+1}\widetilde Dm_\mu^*(\nu)= \frac1{n+1}\big((p_1-|\mu|)m_\mu^*\big)(\nu), \end{equation*} because $p_1(\nu)=|\nu|=n+1$. It follows that in the basis $\{ m_\mu^*\}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K}}$ the operator $\widetilde D$ has the form $\widetilde Dm_\mu^*=(p_1-|\mu|)m_\mu^*$. If we multiply both sides by $\prod_{k\ge1}\kr{\mu}{k}!$, then we get the desired expression in the basis $\{\mathbf{m}_\mu^*\}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K}}$. The uniqueness of the operator $\widetilde D$ follows from the fact that $\Lambda$ is embedded into $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K})$. (2) Fix $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ and denote $l:=\ell(\mu)$. Let $\nu\in\mathbb{K}_n$. We have an explicit expression \begin{equation*} (\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n(\nu)=\sum\nu_{j_1}^{\downarrow\mu_1}\dots\nu_{j_l}^{\downarrow\mu_l}, \end{equation*} where the sum is taken over all pairwise distinct $j_1,\dots,j_l$ from $1$ to $\ell(\nu)$. Thus, we can verify (\ref{f4}) directly. From the definition of the operator $U_{n,n+1}$ (\ref{f2.9}) and the formula for the up transition probabilities of the Ewens-Pitman's partition structure (\S\ref{s1.3}) it follows that \begin{equation}\label{f5} \left. \begin{array}{rcr} \displaystyle \big(U_{n,n+1}(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_{n+1}\big)(\nu)&=& \displaystyle \frac1{n+\theta}\Bigg[ \sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\nu)} (\nu_i-\alpha)(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(\nu_i+1)\big)\phantom{.}\\&&\displaystyle \phantom{\frac1{n+\theta}\Bigg[} +\big(\theta+\ell(\nu)\alpha\big)(\mathbf{m}^*_\mu)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(1)\big) \Bigg]. \end{array} \right. \end{equation} Let us transform the RHS and obtain (\ref{f4}). {\bf1.} First, note two simple properties: \begin{equation*} \mbox{\bf1a. } (a+1)^{\downarrow b}-a^{\downarrow b}=b\cdot a^{\downarrow(b-1)}; \qquad\mbox{\bf1b. } a\cdot a^{\downarrow b}=a^{\downarrow (b+1)}+b\cdot a^{\downarrow b}. \end{equation*} {\bf2.} Let us deal with the standalone summand in the RHS of (\ref{f5}). We show that \begin{equation}\label{f6} (\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(1)\big)= (\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n(\nu)+\kr{\mu}{1}\big(\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(1)}^*\big)_n(\nu). \end{equation} It is clear that $(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(1)\big)= \sum(\nu+\square(1))_{j_1}^{\

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1,024

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13, 12, 29905, 2083, 1194, 3433, 3124, 17619, 29898, 29896, 876, 648, 29926, 29918, 29896, 6292 ]

99

12,288

ArXiv

-1

downarrow\mu_1}\dots(\nu+\square(1))_{j_l}^{\downarrow\mu_l}$, where the sum is taken over all pairwise distinct $j_1,\dots,j_l$ from $1$ to $\ell(\nu)+1$. To every combination of indexes $j_1,\dots,j_l$ we assign a number $c\in\left\{ 1,\dots,l \right\}$ defined by the condition $j_c=\ell(\nu)+1$. It follows that $(\nu+\square(1))_{j_c}^{\downarrow\mu_c}=1^{\downarrow\mu_c}$, and for other $j_k$ we have $(\nu+\square(1))_{j_k}=\nu_{j_k}$. Let us combine the summands of the form $(\nu+\square(1))_{j_1}^{\downarrow\mu_1}\dots(\nu+\square(1))_{j_l}^{\downarrow\mu_l}$ with equal $c$, i.e., let us write \begin{equation*} \begin{array}{l}\displaystyle (\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(1)\big)= (\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n(\nu) \\\displaystyle\phantom{(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(1)\big)=}\rule{0pt}{22pt} +\sum_{c=1}^{l}1^{\downarrow\mu_c} \Big( \sum_{\mbox{\scriptsize{}w/o $j_c$}} \nu_{j_1}^{\downarrow\mu_1}\dots \nu_{j_{c-1}}^{\downarrow\mu_{c-1}} \nu_{j_{c+1}}^{\downarrow\mu_{c+1}} \dots \nu_{j_l}^{\downarrow\mu_{j_l}} \Big). \end{array} \end{equation*} The last sum $\sum_{\mbox{\scriptsize{}w/o $j_c$}}$ means the sum taken over all pairwise distinct indexes $j_1,\dots,j_{c-1}, j_{c+1},\dots,j_l$ from $1$ to $\ell(\nu)$. We denote this sum by $S_c$ to simplify the notation. Note that $1^{\downarrow b}=0$ if $b\ge2$, and $1^{\da1}=1$. Therefore, \begin{equation*} \sum_{c=1}^{l}1^{\downarrow\mu_c}S_c=\kr{\mu}{1}\big(\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(1)}^*\big)_n(\nu), \end{equation*} and this implies (\ref{f6}). {\bf3.} Now we deal with the sum over $i$ in the RHS of (\ref{f5}). First, fix an arbitrary $i$ from $1$ to $\ell(\nu)$. We have \begin{equation*} \left. \begin{array}{lcll} (\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n(\nu)&=& \displaystyle \sum_{c=1}^{l}\nu_i^{\downarrow\mu_c}S_c+ \sum\limits_{j_1,\dots,j_l\ne i} \nu_{j_1}^{\downarrow\mu_1}\dots\nu_{j_l}^{\downarrow\mu_l};\\ (\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(\nu_i+1)\big)&=& \displaystyle \sum_{c=1}^{l}(\nu_i+1)^{\downarrow\mu_c}S_c+ \sum\limits_{j_1,\dots,j_l\ne i} \nu_{j_1}^{\downarrow\mu_1}\dots\nu_{j_l}^{\downarrow\mu_l}. \end

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ArXiv

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{array} \right. \end{equation*} Using {\bf1a}, we get \begin{equation*} (\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(\nu_i+1)\big)- (\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n(\nu)=\sum_{c=1}^{l}\mu_c\nu_i^{\downarrow(\mu_c-1)}S_c. \end{equation*} Thus, the sum over $i$ in the RHS of (\ref{f5}) becomes \begin{equation*} \left. \begin{array}{l}\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^{l}(\nu_i-\alpha)(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_{n+1}\big(\nu+\square(\nu_i+1)\big)\\\displaystyle\qquad= \big(|\nu|-\ell(\nu)\alpha\big)(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n(\nu)+ \sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\nu)}\sum_{c=1}^{l}(\nu_i-\alpha)\mu_c\nu_i^{\downarrow(\mu_c-1)}S_c. \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} Now fix an arbitrary $c$ from $1$ to $l$. Using {\bf1b}, we get \begin{equation*} \left. \begin{array}{l}\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\nu)}(\nu_i-\alpha)\mu_c\nu_i^{\downarrow(\mu_c-1)}S_c\\\displaystyle\qquad= S_c\Bigg[ \mu_c\sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\nu)}\nu_i^{\downarrow\mu_c}+ \mu_c(\mu_c-1)\sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\nu)}\nu_i^{\downarrow(\mu_c-1)} -\alpha\mu_c\sum_{i=1}^{\ell(\nu)}\nu_i^{\downarrow(\mu_c-1)} \Bigg]\\\rule{0pt}{22pt}\displaystyle\qquad=\left\{ \begin{array}{ll}\displaystyle \mu_c(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n(\nu)+\mu_c(\mu_c-1-\alpha) \big(\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(\mu_c)}\big)_n(\nu),& \mbox{if }\mu_c\ge2;\\\rule{0pt}{14pt} (\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n(\nu)-\alpha\big(\ell(\nu)-(l-1)\big) \big(\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(1)}^*\big)_n(\nu),&\mbox{if }\mu_c=1. \end{array} \right. \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} {\bf4.} If we put together {\bf2} and {\bf3} and recall that $|\nu|=n$ and $\ell(\mu)=l$, we get \begin{equation*} \left. \begin{array}{l}\displaystyle \big(U_{n,n+1}(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_{n+1}\big)(\nu)= (\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n(\nu)+\frac1{p_1(\nu)+\theta}\Big[ |\mu|(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n(\nu) \\\displaystyle\qquad+ \sum_{\textstyle\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{c=1}{\mu_c\ge2}}^{\ell(\mu)} \mu_c(\mu_c-1-\alpha)\big(\mathbf{m}^*_{\mu-\square(\mu_c)}\big)_n(\nu)\\\displaystyle\qquad+ \kr{\mu}{1}\big(\theta+\alpha(\ell(\mu)-1)\big) \big(\

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mathbf{m}^*_{\mu-\square(1)}\big)_n(\nu) \Big]. \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} This coincides with the desired expression (\ref{f4}). The uniqueness of the operator $\widetilde U$ again follows from the fact that $\Lambda\hookrightarrow\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K})$ is embedding. \end{proof} \section{Convergence of the up/down Markov chains}\label{s4} In this section we consider the limit, as $n\to\infty$, of the Markov chains $T_n$ on $\mathbb{K}_n$. We assume that the parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ are of principal series. The limit is a continuous time Markov process on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ denoted by $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$. The argument in this section uses the results of the book \cite{EK2}. The application of these results is based on the algebraic calculations of \S\ref{s3} and is similar to \cite[\S1]{BO}. Due to this similarity the proofs repeating those from \cite{BO} are not given. \subsection{The construction of the process in the simplex}\label{s4.1} First, let us introduce essential notation. Each operator $T_n$ acts in a finite-dimensional space of functions $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$, $n=1,2,\dots$. These spaces can be viewed as Banach spaces with the supremum norm $\|\cdot\|_n$. Recall the embeddings $\iota_n\colon\mathbb{K}_n\hookrightarrow\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ introduced in \S\ref{s2.3}. Let $\pi_n$ denote the corresponding projections of function spaces: \begin{equation*} \big(\pi_n(f)\big)(\lambda):=f(\iota_n(\lambda)),\qquad\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n,\qquad f\in C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty). \end{equation*} In \S\ref{s2} we introduced a dense subalgebra $\mathcal{F}\subset C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$. This algebra $\mathcal{F}$ admits an ascending filtration by finite-dimensional subspaces \begin{equation*} \mathcal{F}^0\subset\mathcal{F}^1\subset\mathcal{F}^2\dots\subset\mathcal{F},\qquad \bigcup_{m=0}^{\infty}\mathcal{F}^m=\mathcal{F}. \end{equation*} Recall that $\mathcal{F}\cong\La^\circ=\Lambda/(p_1-1)\Lambda$. We define the filtration $\left\{ \mathcal{F}^m \right\}$ of $\La^\circ$ as the image of the filtration of the algebra $\Lambda$ by degrees of polynomials (in the formal variables $y_i$, see \S\ref{s2.1}). From Remark \ref{p2.1} and the fact $\dim\mathcal{F}^m<\infty$ it follows that each projection $\pi_n$ is one-to-one on $\mathcal{F}^m$ (for fixed $m$) for all $n$ large enough. Now we prove that the generators of the up/down Markov chains converge to some operator $A$ in the space $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$. \begin{lemma}\label{p4.1} Each $\pi_n(\mathcal{F}^m)$ is invariant under the operator $T_n$ (for fixed $m$) for all $n$ large enough. Under the identification $\mathcal{F}^m=\pi_n(\mathcal{F}^m)$ there exists a limit \begin{equation}\label{f9} \lim_{n\to\infty}n^2(T_n-{\bf1})f=Af\quad\mbox{for all $f\in\mathcal{F}$} \end{equation} in any finite-dimensional space $\mathcal{F}^m$.\footnote{Here

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99

15,360

ArXiv

-1

by ${\bf1}$ we denote the identity operator.} In this way we obtain an operator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$ with the property $A\mathcal{F}^m\subset\mathcal{F}^m$, $m\ge0$. The action of this operator on the functions $\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ\in\La^\circ\cong\mathcal{F}$, $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ (they were defined in \S\ref{s2.1}) has the following explicit form: \begin{equation}\label{f10} \begin{array}{r}\displaystyle A\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ=-|\mu|(|\mu|-1+\theta)\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ+ \sum_{\textstyle\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{c=1}{\mu_c\ge2}}^{\ell(\mu)} \mu_c(\mu_c-1-\alpha)\mathbf{m}^\circ_{\mu-\square(\mu_c)}\phantom{.}\\\displaystyle+ \kr{\mu}{1}\big(\theta+\alpha(\ell(\mu)-1)\big)\mathbf{m}_{\mu-\square(1)}^{\circ}. \end{array} \end{equation} \end{lemma} Note that $A$ sends the function $\mathbf{m}_\varnothing^\circ\equiv1$ to $0$, as it should be. \begin{proof} It is clear that for all $n$ large enough the space $\pi_n(\mathcal{F}^m)$ is the linear span of the functions $(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n$ with $|\mu|\le m$. Therefore, the invariance of $\pi_n(\mathcal{F}^m)$ under $T_n$ follows from Proposition \ref{p3.1}, because it is clear that the operator $T_n$ does not increase the degree of each function $(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n\in\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$ (this degree is equal to $|\mu|$). Thus, identifying $\pi_n(\mathcal{F}^m)$ with $\mathcal{F}^m$ (which makes sense for fixed $m$ and $n$ large enough), we may say that each $\mathcal{F}^m$ is invariant under $T_n$. Now we can prove (\ref{f9}) and (\ref{f10}) together. Consider the map $\Lambda\to\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$ defined as \begin{equation*} f_{\left[ n \right]}(\lambda):=\pi_n(f^\circ)(\lambda)=f^{\circ} \left( \frac{\lambda_1}n,\frac{\lambda_2}n,\dots,\frac{\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}}n,0,0,\dots \right),\quad \lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n,\ f\in\Lambda. \end{equation*} This is the restriction of an element $f^{\circ}\in C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ to $\iota_n(\mathbb{K}_n)\subset \overline{\nabla}_\infty$. Let $G_s\colon\Lambda\to\Lambda$ for all $s>0$ be an automorphism of the algebra defined on its basis as \begin{equation*} G_s\mathbf{m}_\mu=s^{|\mu|}\mathbf{m}_\mu,\qquad \mu\in\mathbb{K}. \end{equation*} On the homogeneous component of degree $k$, $k=0,1,2,\dots$ this automorphism reduces to multiplication by the number $s^k$.\footnote{The homogeneous component of degree $k$ in the algebra $\Lambda$ consists of all homogeneous symmetric functions of degree $k$. This set is the linear span of the elements $\mathbf{m}_\mu$, $|\mu|=k$.} Therefore, we have the following expression for $f_n$, where $f\in\Lambda$: \begin

0.303129

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1.94491

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99

16,384

ArXiv

-1

{equation}\label{f11} f_n(\lambda)=(G_nf)_{\left[ n \right]}(\lambda),\qquad \lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n. \end{equation} Indeed, since $\iota_n(\mathbb{K}_n)\subset\nabla_\infty$, it follows that for all $g\in\Lambda$ and $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}_n$ the value $g^\circ(\iota_n(\lambda))=g_{\left[ n \right]}(\lambda)$ is equal to the formal evaluation of the element $g\in\Lambda$ on the coordinates of the point $\iota_n(\lambda)=(\lambda_1/n,\dots,\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}/n,0,0,\dots)\in\nabla_\infty$ (see Remark \ref{p5.1.5} below). In \S\ref{s2} we pointed out that the homogeneous component of maximal degree of $\mathbf{m}_\mu^*$ is $\mathbf{m}_\mu$. Thus, for all $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ we have \begin{equation*} \lim_{n\to\infty}n^{-|\mu|}G_n\mathbf{m}_\mu^*=\mathbf{m}_\mu. \end{equation*} Now, to conclude the proof of the Lemma, express each function of the form $f_n(\lambda)$ in the formula for $(T_n-{\bf1})(\mathbf{m}_\mu^*)_n$ from Proposition \ref{p3.1} in terms of (\ref{f11}). It remains to multiply the result by $n^{-|\mu|}$ and take the limit as $n\to\infty$. \end{proof} Note that the functions $\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ$, $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ are not linearly independent. However, from the proof of the Lemma it follows that the operator $A$ is well-defined by (\ref{f10}). Now proceed to the convergence of discrete semigroups $\{ {\bf1},T_n,T_n^2,\dots \}$ to a {\em{}conservative Markov semigroup\/} $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ in the Banach space $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ constructed using the operator $A$. Recall that a conservative Markov semigroup is a strongly continuous semigroup of contraction operators in $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ preserving positive functions and the constant $1$. We use the definition from \cite[Chapter 1, Section 6]{EK2} to introduce strict sense to the concept of convergence of discrete semigroups to a continuous one: \begin{df}\label{p4.2}\rm{} We say that a sequence of functions $\{f_n\in \mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)\}$ converges to a function $f\in C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ if $\|f_n-\pi_n(f)\|_n\to0$ as $n\to\infty$. Here $\|\cdot\|_n$ is the supremum norm of the space $\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{K}_n)$. In this case we write $f_n\to f$. \end{df} To establish a convergence of the semigroups $\{ {\bf1},T_n,T_n^2,\dots\}$ to $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ one must perform a natural scaling of time: one step of the $n$th Markov chain corresponds to a small time interval of order $n^{-2}$. This convergence is established in \begin{prop}\label{p4.3} {\rm{}(1)\/} The operator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$ defined in Lemma $\ref{p4.1}$ is closable in the space $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$; {\rm{}(2)\/} The closure $\overline A$ of the operator $A$ generates

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99

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a conservative Markov semigroup $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ in $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$; {\rm{}(3)\/} Discrete semigroups $\{{\bf1},T_n,T_n^2,\dots\}$ converge, as $n\to\infty$, to the semigroup $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ in the following sense: \begin{equation*} T_n^{[ n^2t ]}\pi_n(f)\to T(t)f\quad\mbox{for all $f\in C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$} \end{equation*} (the limit in understood according to Definition \ref{p4.2}) for all $t\ge0$ uniformly on bounded intervals. \end{prop} This Proposition can be proved similarly to \cite[Proposition 1.4]{BO} and follows from the convergence of the generators (Lemma \ref{p4.1}). The proof uses general statements \cite[Chapter 1, Theorem 6.5]{EK2} and \cite[Chapter 1, Lemma 2.11]{EK2}. Next, it directly follows from \cite[Chapter 4, Theorem 2.7]{EK2} that $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ is a semigroup corresponding to a strong Markov process with c\`adl\`ag sample paths which can start from any point and any probability distribution. We will call the operator $A$ the {\em{}pre-generator\/} of both the semigroup $\{T(t)\}_{t\ge0}$ and the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$. Thus, for every pair of parameters $\alpha$, $\theta$ of principal series we have constructed a Markov process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ which can start from any point and any probability distribution. \subsection{Some properties of the process in the simplex}\label{s4.2} In this subsection we formulate and comment the properties of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ which are similar to the ones stated in \cite{BO}. First, we formulate the properties of the process that directly follow from its construction as a limit of finite Markov chains $T_n$ preserving measures $M_n$ on $\mathbb{K}_n$. To prove them we use the convergence of measures $M_n$ (the Kingman theorem, \S\ref{s2.3}) and the properties of the up/down chains (\S\ref{s1.2}). {\bf{}Invariant measure\/} (Cf. \cite[Proposition 1.6]{BO}). {\em{}The Poisson-Dirichlet distribution $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$ is an invariant measure for the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$\/}. This follows from the fact that each chain $T_n$ preserves the measure $M_n$. {\bf{}Reversibility of the process\/} (Cf. \cite[Proposition 1.7 and Theorem 7.3 (2)]{BO}). {\em{}The process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ is reversible with respect to the measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$\/}. This follows from the fact that each chain $T_n$ is reversible with respect to $M_n$. {\bf{}Convergence of finite-dimensional distributions\/} (Cf. \cite[Propo\-sition 1.8]{BO}). {\em{}Let $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ and all the chains $T_n$ are viewed in equilibrium (that is, starting from the invariant distribution). Then the finite-dimensional distributions for the $n$th chain converge, as $n\to\infty$, to the corresponding finite-dimensional distributions of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$. Here we assume a natural scaling of time described before Proposition \ref{p4.3}\/}. We proceed to the properties that follow from the expression (\ref{f10}) for the pre-generator $A$ of

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the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$. {\bf{} The spectrum of the Markov generator in $L^2\big(\overline{\nabla}_\infty,\pd{\alpha}{\theta}\big)$.\/} {\em{}The pre-generator $A$ acts in the space $\mathcal{F}\cong\La^\circ$. Define an inner product in it: \begin{equation*} (f,g)_{\pd{\alpha}{\theta}}:=\int_{\overline{\nabla}_\infty}f(x)g(x)\,\pd{\alpha}{\theta}(dx). \end{equation*} Then the space $\La^\circ$ can be decomposed into the orthogonal direct sum of eigenspaces of the operator $A$. The spectrum of the operator $A$ looks as follows: \begin{equation*} \left\{ 0 \right\}\cup\left\{ -\sigma_m\colon m=2,3,\dots \right\},\qquad \sigma_m=m(m-1+\theta). \end{equation*} The eigenvalue $0$ is simple and the multiplicity of each $-\sigma_m$ is the number of partitions of $m$ without parts equal to 1\/}. The existence of such a decomposition of $\La^\circ$ follows from the fact that the pre-generator $A$ is symmetric (see the reversibility property above) and preserves the filtration $\{\mathcal{F}^m\}$ of the space $\mathcal{F}\cong\La^\circ$ (see (\ref{f10})). The fact that the operator $A$ is triangle in the basis $\{\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ\}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K},\;\kr{\mu}1=0}$ (compatible with the filtration $\{\mathcal{F}^m\}$) implies the facts about the eigenstructure. {\bf{}The uniqueness of the invariant measure.\/} {\em{}The measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$ is a unique invariant measure for the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$\/}. This can be proved similar to \cite[Theorem 7.3 (1)]{BO}. {\bf{}Ergodicity.\/} {\em{}The process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ is ergodic with respect to the measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$, that is, \begin{equation*} \lim_{t\to+\infty}\Big\|T(t)f-\int_{\overline{\nabla}_\infty}f(x)\,\pd{\alpha}{\theta}(dx)\Big\|=0\quad\mbox{for all $f\in C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$}, \end{equation*} where $\|\cdot\|$ is the supremum norm of the space $C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$\/}. This follows from the existence of a spectral gap of the process' generator, see the eigenstructure above. A detailed proof is given in \cite[Theorem 7.3 (3)]{BO}. \section{The pre-generator of the process in the simplex as a differential operator}\label{s5} This section performs a more detailed study of the properties of the pre-generator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$ defined in Lemma \ref{p4.1}. In \S\ref{s5.1} and \S\ref{s5.2} we assume the parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ to be of principal series, and in \S\ref{s5.4} we study degenerate values of them. \subsection{Pre-generator in natural coordinates}\label{s5.1} Recall that the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ has the generator $\overline A$ (the closure of the pre-generator $A\colon\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{F}$). The algebra $\mathcal{F}\cong\La^\circ$ is defined in \S\ref{s2}, and the operator $A$ is given by (\ref{f10}) in the basis $\{\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ\}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K},\;\kr{\mu}1=0}$. It turns out that in this basis the operator $A$ can be written as a second order differential operator in natural coordinates $x_

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508, 367, 29871, 13, 17625, 408, 263, 1473, 1797, 16712, 5455, 29871, 13, 262, 5613, 10350, 13, 29938, 29916, 29918 ]

99

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ArXiv

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1,x_2,\dots$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. First, let us express the functions $\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ(x)$ in these coordinates. \begin{prop}\label{p5.1} For all $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ such that $\kr{\mu}{1}=0$ the function $\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ(x)$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ can be written as \begin{equation*} \mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ(x)=\sum_{i_1,\dots,i_{\ell(\mu)}} x_{i_1}^{\mu_1}\dots x_{i_{\ell(\mu)}}^{\mu_{\ell(\mu)}},\qquad x=(x_1,x_2,\dots)\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty, \end{equation*} where the sum is taken over all pairwise distinct indexes $i_1,\dots,i_{\ell(\mu)}$ from one to infinity. \end{prop} Note that if $\kr{\mu}{1}>0$ and $\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i<1$, then this statement is false. \begin{proof} The Proposition follows from a more general result by S.~Kerov \cite{Ke}. This result allows to evaluate any function of the form $\mathbf{m}_\lambda^\circ$, $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$ at any point $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. By $f(x_1,x_2,\dots)$ denote the formal evaluation of the element $f\in\Lambda$ at the point $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. Let $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$, $\kr{\lambda}{1}=r\ge0$. Then \begin{equation*} \mathbf{m}_\lambda^\circ(x)=\sum_{k=0}^{r}C_r^k\big(\gamma(x)\big)^k\mathbf{m}_{\lambda-k\cdot\square(1)}(x_1,x_2,\dots),\qquad x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty. \end{equation*} Here $\mathbf{m}_\lambda^\circ(x)$ is the value of the function $\mathbf{m}_\lambda^\circ$ at the point $x$ (this value was constructed in \S\ref{s2} using the factorization of the algebra $\Lambda$); $\gamma(x)=1-\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i$; and $\lambda-k\cdot\square(1)$ is the diagram obtained from $\lambda$ by deleting $k$ one-box rows. It is clear that the Proposition is a special case of this formula. \end{proof} \begin{note}\label{p5.1.5}\rm{} It follows from the proof that the function $g^{\circ}(x)$ on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ for every element $g$ from the (non-factorized) algebra $\Lambda$ can be constructed not only using the factorization of $\Lambda$ (as explained in \S\ref{s2}). This can also be done directly. Namely, for every point $x\in\nabla_\infty$ (for which $\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i=1$) we set $g^\circ(x)$ to be the formal evaluation of the symmetric function $g\in\Lambda$ at the coordinates of the point $x=(x_1,x_2,\dots)$. We then extend the function $g^{\circ}(x)$ to the whole simplex $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ by continuity. This method is suggested by the comment after the formula \cite[(2.10)]{EK1}. \end{note} Now it is not hard to compute the pre-generator $A$ in natural coordinates. Let $D$ denote the following formal expression: \begin{equation}\label{f12} D=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}x_i\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i^2}- \sum_{i,j=1}^{\infty}x_ix_j\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i\partial x_

0.040151

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0.346572

1.996937

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99

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ArXiv

-1

j}- \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}(\theta x_i+\alpha)\frac{\partial}{\partial x_i}. \end{equation} It can be easily checked (using Proposition \ref{p5.1}) that for all $\mu\in\mathbb{K}$ for which $\kr{\mu}1=0$ we have \begin{equation*} D\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ=A\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ=-|\mu|(|\mu|-1+\theta)\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ+ \sum_{\textstyle\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{c=1}{\mu_c\ge2}}^{\ell(\mu)} \mu_c(\mu_c-1-\alpha)\mathbf{m}^\circ_{\mu-\square(\mu_c)}. \end{equation*} It follows that $Df=Af$ for all $f\in\mathcal{F}\subset C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$. Therefore, the formula (\ref{f0.2}) from Introduction is justified. \begin{note}\rm{}\label{p5.2} The RHS of (\ref{f12}) can be understood in two equivalent ways as follows. Let $f\in\mathcal{F}$ and we want to compute $Df=Af$. Then we can either (1) express $f$ as a linear combination of vectors of the basis $\{\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ\}_{\mu\in\mathbb{K},\;\kr{\mu}1=0}$ for the algebra $\mathcal{F}$, and then apply the operator $D=A$ to each $\mathbf{m}_\mu^\circ$ separately; or (2) compute $Af(x)$ first for $x\in\nabla_\infty$ directly applying to $f$ the RHS of (\ref{f12}), and then extend $Af(x)$ to the whole $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ by continuity (cf. this method with Remark \ref{p5.1.5}). \end{note} \begin{note}\rm{}\label{p5.3} One might want to apply $D$ (the RHS of (\ref{f12})) to functions $f$ not in $\mathcal{F}$. However, if for a function $f\in C(\overline{\nabla}_\infty)$ the expression $Df$ has a meaning, it is unevident that $f$ enters the domain of the generator $\overline A$. It is even less evident that the expression $Df$ coincides with $\overline Af$. Consider an example $f=x_1+\frac\alpha\theta$, $\theta\ne0$. It is clear that $Df=-\theta f$. Had the equality $Df=\overline Af$ held, then $f$ would be an eigenfunction of the generator $\overline A$ corresponding to the eigenvalue $-\theta$. Since $f\in L^2\big(\overline{\nabla}_\infty,\pd{\alpha}{\theta}\big)$ and $-\theta$ is not an eigenvalue of $\overline A$ in this space (see \S\ref{s4.2}), we get a contraction. As shown in the paper \cite{Schm}, in the case $\alpha=0$ the function $f=x_1$ enters the domain of the Dirichlet form corresponding to the operator $\overline A$ (and, therefore, the domain of the operator $\overline A^{1/2}$). Putting aside the question whether the function $f=x_1+\frac\alpha\theta$ (and, therefore, the coordinate function $x_1$) enters the domain of $\overline A$, we conclude that the equality $Df=\overline Af$ is impossible. This argument explains the following seeming paradox. If we treat the RHS of (\ref{f12}) as a generator of a diffusion process (similarly to the finite-dimensional situation), then the drift vector at the point $x=(0,0,\dots

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29900, 2053, 7778 ]

99

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ArXiv

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)$ is equal to $(-\alpha,-\alpha,\dots)$ and therefore is directed ``away'' from the simplex $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. But the action of the generator $\overline A$ on the coordinate functions $x_1,x_2,\dots$ is known not to be given by the RHS of (\ref{f12}). It follows that in our situation the coefficients of the first-degree derivatives in (\ref{f12}) cannot be interpreted as components of the drift vector. \end{note} \subsection{The pre-generator in moment coordinates}\label{s5.2} First, recall the following definition. Suppose we have a commutative algebra. We say that every operator of multiplication by an element of the algebra has zero order. We say that an operator $Q$ has order $n$ if the commutator of $Q$ with any operator of multiplication by an element of the algebra has order $n-1$. \begin{lemma}\label{p5.4} The pre-generator $A$ is a second order operator in the algebra $\mathcal{F}$. \end{lemma} \begin{proof} We must show that \begin{equation}\label{f19} \left[\big[[A,H_1],H_2\big],H_3\right]f(x)=0 \end{equation} for all $h_1,h_2,h_3,f\in\mathcal{F}$ and $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$, where by $H_j$ we denote the operator of multiplication by $h_j$, $j=1,2,3$. From Remark \ref{p5.2} (2) it follows that (\ref{f19}) holds for every $x\in\nabla_\infty$. Indeed, in this case the operator $A$ acts according to the RHS of (\ref{f12}), and due to the linearity it remains to refer to the fact that $\left[ \left[ \left[ \partial^2/\partial x_i\partial x_j,H_1 \right],H_2 \right],H_3 \right]f(x)=0$ and $\left[ \left[ \left[ \partial/\partial x_i,H_1 \right],H_2 \right],H_3 \right]f(x)=0$ for all $1\le i,j<\infty$. For a general $x\in\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ the claim (\ref{f19}) holds by continuity. \end{proof} Now, the moment coordinates $q_1,q_2,\dots$ are algebraically independent generators of the algebra $\mathcal{F}$ and the operator $A$ has second order in $\mathcal{F}$. Therefore, the action of $A$ on $\mathcal{F}$ is completely determined by the elements $A1$, $Aq_i$, $A(q_iq_j)$, $i,j=1,2,\dots$. It is clear that $q_iq_j=q_{i+j+1}+\mathbf{m}^\circ_{(i+1,j+1)}$, $i\ge j$. Using (\ref{f10}), we find \begin{equation*} \left. \begin{array}{lcl} \displaystyle A1&=& 0,\\\displaystyle Aq_i&=& -(i+1)(i+\theta)q_i+(i+1)(i-\alpha)q_{i-1};\\\displaystyle A(q_iq_j)&=& q_iAq_j+q_jAq_i+2(i+1)(j+1)(q_{i+j}-q_iq_j), \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} where, by agreement, $q_0=1$. Using the ``basis'' formal differential operators $\partial/\partial q_i$ and $\partial^2/\partial q_i\partial q_j$ in the algebra $\mathcal{F}=\mathbb{R

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99

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}\left[ q_1,q_2,\dots \right]$, we can write \begin{equation}\label{f15}\begin{array}{rcl}\displaystyle A&=&\displaystyle \sum_{i,j=1}^{\infty}(i+1)(j+1)(q_{i+j}-q_iq_j)\frac{\partial^2}{\partial q_i\partial q_j} \\&&\displaystyle\qquad+ \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left[ -(i+1)(i+\theta)q_i+(i+1)(i-\alpha)q_{i-1} \right]\frac{\partial}{\partial q_i}. \end{array} \end{equation} This form of the operator $A$ allows to show that almost all sample paths of the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ are continuous. This can be proved similarly to \cite[Corollary 6.4 and Theorem 7.1]{BO}. \subsection{Degenerate values of parameters}\label{s5.4} Let us make mention what happens when the parameters $\alpha$ and $\theta$ are of degenerate series (see \S\ref{s1.3} for the definition). Consider the finite-dimensional ordered simplex \begin{equation*} \nabla_N:=\left\{ (x_1,\dots,x_N)\in\mathbb{R^N} \colon x_1\ge\dots\ge x_N\ge0,\;\sum_{i=1}^{N}x_i=1 \right\},\quad N=2,3,\dots. \end{equation*} We can view $\nabla_N$ as a subset in $\nabla_\infty\subset\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. The measure $\pd{\alpha}{\theta}$ is concentrated on $\nabla_\infty\subset\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ for all values of $\alpha$ and $\theta$ of principal or degenerate series. \begin{prop}[{\cite[p. 62]{Pi3}}]\label{p5.5} When $\alpha=-\beta<0$ and $\theta=N\beta$, the measure $\pd{-\beta}{N\beta}$ is concentrated on $\nabla_N\subset\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. It coincides with the measure on $\nabla_N$ that has the following density with respect to the Lebesgue measure: \begin{equation*} \pd{-\beta}{N\beta}(dx)=\frac{N!\,\Gamma(N\beta)}{(\Gamma(\beta))^{N}}\, x_1^{\beta-1}\dots x_{N}^{\beta-1}dx_1\dots dx_{N-1}. \end{equation*} Moreover, as $\beta\to+0$ and $N\to+\infty$ such that $N\beta\to\eta>0$, the following weak convergence of measures on $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$ holds: $\pd{-\beta}{N\beta}\to\pd{0}{\eta}$. \end{prop} It turns out that this result expands to the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ in $\overline{\nabla}_\infty$. First, we recall the diffusion processes considered in the finite-dimensional simplex $\nabla_N$. We are interested in processes that are called {\em{}approximating diffusions for the Wright-Fisher genetic model with symmetric mutation\/} in \cite{EK1}. They were also studied in \cite{Wa1,Gr} and other papers. A detailed construction of more general finite-dimensional diffusions related to population genetics is explained in \cite[Chapter 10]{EK2}. Let $\mathcal{F}_N=\mathbb{R}\left[ q_1,\dots,q_{N-1} \right]$ be a commutative unital algebra freely generated by the moment coordinates on $\nabla_N$: $q_k(x)=\sum_{i=1}^{N}x_i^{k+1}$, $k=1,\dots,N-1$. It is clear that $\mathcal{F}_N\subset C(\nabla_N)$ is a dense subalgebra. For each parameter $\eta>0$

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we define an operator in $\mathcal{F}_N$: \begin{equation}\label{f22} A_{N,\eta}:=\sum_{i=1}^{N}x_i\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i^2}- \sum_{i,j=1}^{N}x_ix_j\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i\partial x_j}+ \frac{\eta}{N-1}\sum_{i=1}^{N}(1-Nx_i)\frac{\partial}{\partial x_i}. \end{equation} Note that this operator (contrary to its infinite-dimensional analogue from \S\ref{s5.1}) can be defined by this formula on a wider subspace of $C(\nabla_N)$. This subspace consists of twice continuously differentiable under certain boundary conditions, see \cite[(2.8)]{EK1}. Denote this extension by $\widetilde A_{N,\eta}$. \begin{prop}[\cite{EK1}]\label{p5.6} {\rm{}(1)\/} The operator $\widetilde A_{N,\eta}$ (and, therefore, $A_{N,\eta}$) is closable in $C(\nabla_N)$. Denote by $\overline A_{N,\eta}$ its closure (and, therefore, the closure of $A_{N,\eta}$); {\rm{}(2)\/} The closure $\overline A_{N,\eta}$ generates a diffusion process (that is, a strong Markov process with continuous sample paths which can start from any point and any probability distribution) in $\nabla_N$; {\rm{}(3)\/} This process preserves the measure $\pd{-\frac{\eta}{N-1}}{\frac{N\eta}{N-1}}$ defined above, and is reversible with respect to this measure. \end{prop} Denote this process by $\mathbf{Y}_{N,\eta}(t)$. \begin{prop}[{\cite[Theorem 2.5]{EK1}}]\label{p5.7} As $N\to\infty$, the processes $\mathbf{Y}_{N,\eta}(t)$ converge\footnote{In a certain sense explained in \cite[Theorem 2.5]{EK1}.} to the process $\x{0}{\eta}(t)$ constructed in \S\ref{s4}. \end{prop} It appears that the process $\x{\alpha}{\theta}(t)$ (which is constructed and studied throughout the present paper) can be considered also for degenerate parameters. First, we describe how the up/down Markov chains should be modified in this case. Let $\mathbb{K}(N)$ consist of all diagrams $\lambda\in\mathbb{K}$ such that $\ell(\lambda)\le N$. It is again a graded graph. Let $\alpha=-\beta$, $\theta=N\beta$. In this case each of the measures $M_n$ defined in \S\ref{s1.3} is positive everywhere on $\mathbb{K}_n(N):=\mathbb{K}(N)\cap\mathbb{K}_n$. It follows that we can consider the up/down Markov chains on $\mathbb{K}_n(N)$ similarly to \S\ref{s1.2}. The place of the algebra $\Lambda$ is taken by the algebra $\Lambda_N$ of symmetric functions in $N$ variables. It is clear that $\Lambda_N/I\cong\mathcal{F}_N$, where $I=(p_1-1)\Lambda$ is the ideal of the algebra (see \S\ref{s2.1}). Each embedding $\iota_n$, $n=1,2,\dots$ (they were defined in \S\ref{s2.3}) now maps $\mathbb{K}_n(N)$ into $\nabla_N$. \begin{prop}\label{p5.8} {\rm{}(1)\/} Let $T_n(N)$ be the transition operator of the $n$th up/down Markov chain. In the same sense as in Lemma \ref{p4.1}

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4/19/19 Unanimous support for our forestland bill. A bill to study the economic health of Washington small forestland owners has cleared the legislature with unanimous support. ESSB 5330 sponsored by Sen. John Braun (R-20) received a "thumbs up" from the state House on April 17, following its passage in the Senate on Feb. 27. 2/27/19 On the Rise: Local factories part of tall wood building movement. Spokesman-Review Feb. 26, 2019. Katerra Inc. is on track to open an engineered wood products factory in April in Spokane Valley. Vaagen Timber also has a facility to produce cross-laminated timber in Colville. Oregon has one producer. Most of the rest are in Canada. 2/11/2019 Promises still unmet for small forest land owners. TJ Martinell, The Lens. Two decades after the state legislature passed the Forests and Fish Law to protect fish habitat, it is still unclear to what extent the regulations have negatively impacted small forestland owners. At the same time, forestry groups and state officials have highlighted the insufficient technical and financial assistance given to those landowners that was promised as part of the original bill. Legislators are seeking to address those problems via SB 5330. 10/24/2018 Initiative 1631 - Implementing a Carbon Fee, by Heather Hansen, WFFA Government Relations Consultant. Landowner News 16(3) Fall 2018. 10/24/2018 Good Forest Management Vs the Carbon Initiative 1631 – Who Does It Better? by Dr. Elaine Oneil, Executive Director of Washington Farm Forestry Association. Landowner News 16(3) Fall 2018. 9/15/18 Some of Washington's biggest trees are dying and scientists don't know why. The Chronicle, Centralia/Chehalis, Was., Saturday, Sept. 15, 2018, p. 13. Reports of dying and dead big leaf maple trees have been made for over 10 years. Several agencies and UW graduate student Jake Betzen are studying the problem. The Five Springs Tree Farm, owned by the Kingsbury Family, has been named the 2018 Western Region Outstanding Tree Farmer of the Year. They were the 2017 Washington State Tree Farmer of the Year. For more information about their property and their management of it, follow this link to the American Tree Farm System's announcement. They are nominees for the National Outstanding Tree Farmer of the Year for 2018. Ken Miller, past WFFA State President, gave a presentation on the Small Forest Landowner Riparian Template Proposal at the Washington Hardwoods Commission Annual Meeting on June 14, 2018. His entire 25 minute presentation is available for viewing. On January 31, 2018, the Washington Department of Natural Resources, brought together its partners -- from local fire districts and volunteer fire teams to the U.S. Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management and National Guard -- at the first Wildland Fire Summit, to work on developing a Wildland Fire Protection Strategic Plan to envision a new future for effective wildland fire management. A fact sheet for the development of the WA Wildland Fire Protection Strategic Plan has now been released. A new online magazine has been started as a way to help the general public understand forests and the work of foresters. It can be accessed at treesource.org. The intended audience is the general public and the stories are intended to be more in-depth than the usual daily news story. 1/4/17 New Wood Technology May Offer Hope for Struggling Timer - Cross-laminated timber tested at two mills, Gillian Flaccus and Phuong Le, Associated Press: D.R. Johnson Lumber Co., is one of two U.S. timber mills making a new wood product that's the buzz of the construction industry. It's called cross-laminated timber, or CLT, and it's made like it sounds: rafts of 2-by-4 beams aligned in perpendicular layers, then glued — or laminated — together like a giant

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Генерал-лейтенант Джеймс Фицтомас Батлер, 1-й герцог Ормонд (; 19 октября 1610 — 21 июля 1688) — крупный государственный и военный деятель, 12-й граф Ормонд (1633—1688) и 5-й граф Оссори (1633—1662), 1-й маркиз Ормонд (1642—1688), 1-й граф Брекнок (1660—1688) и 1-й герцог Ормонд (1661—1688). Был известен как граф Ормонд с 1632 по 1642 год и маркиз Ормонд с 1642 по 1661 год. После прерывания старшей линии рода Батлеров, Джеймс Батлер стал вторым представителем линии из замка Келкэш, который унаследовал графский титул. Его друг, 1-й граф Стаффорд, способствовал его назначению командующим армии роялистов в Ирландии. С 1641 по 1647 год он командовал в военных действиях против Ирландской католической конфедерацией. В 1649—1650 годах Джеймс Батлер руководил ирландскими роялистами в борьбе против английской армии Оливера Кромвеля. В 1650-х годах он находился в эмиграции в Европе вместе с королём Карлом II. После реставрации Карла Стюарта на английском престоле в 1660 году Ормонд стал главной фигурой в английской и ирландской политике. Ранняя жизнь Родился 19 октября 1610 года в Кларкенуэлле (Лондон). Старший сын (1594—1619), и (1587—1673), дочери сэра из поместья Айрон-Актон в графстве Глостершир и его жены Элизабет Сиденхем. Его сестра Элизабет вышла замуж за . По отцовской линии дедом Джеймса был Уолтер Батлер, 11-й граф Ормонд (1559—1632). Джеймс родился в доме своего деда по материнской линии, сэра Джона Пойнтса. Вскоре после его рождения его родители вернулись в Ирландию. Семья Батлер была старинным английским родом, который доминировал на юго-востоке Ирландии со времён Средневековья. В декабре 1619 года в кораблекрушении погиб его отец, Томас Батлер, виконт Тёрлс. После смерти отца Джеймс Батлер стал носить титул учтивости — виконт Тёрлс. В 1620 году Джеймс был привезён матерью обратно в Англию и помещён в католическую школу в (Лондон). Король Яков I Стюарт, опасаясь, что наследник дома Батлеров будет воспитан в католицизме, перевёл его в Ламберт, под опеку архиепископа Кентерберийского Джорджа Эббота. Так как поместья его деда находились под секвестром, молодой лорд имел только 40 фунтов в год на собственные нужды и жалованье слугам. В возрасте 15 лет Джеймс Батлер стал проживать со своим дедом, Уолтером Батлером, 11-м графом Ормондом, на улице Друри-Лейн в Лондоне. В 18 лет он отправился в Портсмут со своим другом, Джорджем Вильерсом, герцогом Бекинге

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мом, чтобы принять участие в экспедиции на помощь гугенотам Ла-Рошели. Но экспедиция была отменена в связи с убийством герцога. Находясь в Лондоне, Джеймс Батлер решил выучить ирландский язык, частичное знание которого оказалось наиболее полезным для него в последующие годы. При королевском дворе он впервые увидел свою кузину и влюбился в леди Элизабет Престон (1615—1684), единственную дочь Ричарда Престона, 1-го графа Десмонда, и Элизабет Батлер. Король Англии Карл I Стюарт 8 сентября 1629 года дал своё согласие на заключение брака. На Рождество 1629 года Джеймс Батлер и Элизабет Престон поженились, положив конец давней ссоре между семьями и объединив свои владения. В 1632 году после смерти деда, Уолтера Батлера, 11-го графа Ормонда, Джеймс Батлер унаследовал графство Ормонд, став 12-м графом Ормонд, 5-м графом Оссори и 4-м виконтом Тёрлсом. Восстание и гражданская война Активная карьера Джеймса Батлера началась в 1633 году после назначения на пост лорда-депутата Ирландии Томаса Уэнтуорта, 1-го графа Стаффорда. Граф Ормонд стал главным другом и сторонником Томаса Уэнтуорта в Ирландии. Томас Уэнтуорт планировал крупномасштабную конфискацию земельной собственности у ирландских дворян-католиков, чтобы пополнить казну короны и сломать политическую власть католической знати. Граф Ормонд поддерживал эту политику. Тем не менее это вызвало недовольство его родственников, которые перешли в оппозицию к Томасу Уэнтуорту, что, в конечном счёте, привело к вооружённому восстанию. В 1640 году, когда Томас Уэнтуорт был отозван в Англию для участия во Второй епископской войне, граф Ормонд был назначен главнокомандующим войсками в Ирландии. Английский парламент обвинил Томаса Уэнтуорта в государственной измене, он был казнён в мае 1641 года. В начале Ирландского восстания 1641 года граф Ормонд оказался командующим правительственными войсками, расквартированными в Дублине. Большая часть Ирландии оказалась под контролем повстанцев-католиков, среди которых были родственники Джеймса Батлера. Однако узы родства не были полностью разорваны. Его жена и дети были отправлены из Килкенни в Дублин по приказу , другого члена династии Батлеров. Весной 1642 года граф Ормонд и виконт Монтгаррет были командующими противоборствующих сил в , где Ормонд одержал победу. Весной 1642 года восставшие ирландские католики сформировали собственное правительство, Католическую конфедерацию, со столицей в Килкенни, и начали создавать собственные регулярные войска, более организованные и боеспособные, чем нерегулярные отряды ополченцев в начале восстания. В начале 1642 года король отправил на помощь роялистам в Ирландию военные подкрепления из Англии и Шотландии. Граф Ормонд организовал несколько походов из Дублина в

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1642 году и очистил территорию вокруг Дублина от отрядов конфедератов. Он обеспечил контроль над районом, известным как Пейл. Английские власти подозревали графа Ормонда в связях со многими лидерами Конфедерации и отстранили его от командования, после того, как он в марте 1642 года отправил подкрепление на помощь осаждённому гарнизону в крепости Дроэда. В апреле 1642 года граф Ормонд спас роялистские гарнизоны в крепостях Нейс, Атай и Мэриборо, и после возвращения в Дублин одержал победу в битве под Килрашем над повстанцами. Он получил от английского парламента общественную благодарность и денежное вознаграждение. В марте 1643 года Джеймс Батлер, граф Ормонд, во главе войска вступил в Нью-Росс, глубоко на территорию Католической Конфедерации. 18 марта того же года он одержал над повстанцами под командованием и вернулся в Дублин. Тем не менее Ормонд оказался в очень сложной ситуации. Конфедераты контролировали две трети острова. В сентябре 1642 года в самой Англии началась Гражданская война. Король перестал присылать из Англии военные подкрепления в Ирландию. Кроме того, шотландские ковенантеры, которые высадились в армией на северо-востоке Ирландии, в Каррикфергусе, для борьбы с католическими восставшими в этой части острова в начале 1642 года, впоследствии передали северо-восток Ирландии под контроль английского парламента, поднявшего восстание против короля. Изолированный в Дублине, граф Ормонд в сентябре 1643 года вынужден был согласиться на прекращение военных действий против католиков. Большая часть Ирландии была отдана в руки Католической Конфедерации (под контролем протестантов оставались только районы на севере, Дублин, Корк и ряд небольших крепостей). Против этого перемирия решительно выступали лорды-юстициарии и протестантская община Ирландии. В ноябре 1643 года по приказу короля Джеймс Батлер отправил основные силы своей армии (4000 чел.) из Дублина и Корка в Англию, чтобы сражаться на стороне английских роялистов в Гражданской войне против парламента. В ноябре того же 1643 года король Карл I Стюарт назначил Ормонда новым лордом-лейтенантом Ирландии. Задача Ормонда состояла в том, чтобы предотвратить усилия врагов короля в Ирландии и отправить побольше войск на помощь роялистам в Англию. С этой целью он сделал всё, что в его силах, чтобы сохранить оккупацию шотландской армией ковенантеров на севере Ирландии. Ему также было предоставлено от короля право вести переговоры о заключении мирного договора с Католической Конфедерацией, чтобы было можно переправить ирландские войска в Англию на борьбу со сторонниками парламента. Переговоры с ирландскими конфедератами Перед Ормондом стояла трудная задача — примирить все враждующие фракции в Ирландии. «Старые англичане», ирландские католики ирландского и английского происхождения, руководившие Католической Конфедерацией — по сути независимым католическим государством,

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созданным в Килкенни, хотели заключить мирное соглашение с королём Англии Карлом I Стюартом в обмен на веротерпимость и самоуправление. С другой стороны, любая уступка Ормонда конфедератам, ослабляла его поддержку со стороны английских и шотландских протестантов в Ирландии. Таким образом, переговоры Ормонда с конфедератами были мучительными, хотя многие из лидеров Конфедерации были его родственниками и друзьями. В 1644 году Джеймс Батлер помог Рандалу Макдоннелу, 1-му маркизу Антрима, в организации военной экспедиции ирландской конфедерации в Шотландию. Отряды, возглавляемые Аласдером Макколлой, были отправлены в Шотландию, чтобы оказать помощь шотландским роялистам и спровоцировать Гражданскую войну в Шотландии (1644—1645). Это оказалось единственным вмешательством ирландских католических войск во время гражданской войны в Англии. 25 августа 1645 года Эдвард Сомерсет, 2-й маркиз Вустер, действуя от имени короля, подписал в Килкенни договор с ирландской Католической Конфедерацией. Ирландская протестантская оппозиция выступила против этого соглашения. Король Карл Стюарт вынужден был отказаться от договора сразу из-за страха перед тем, что почти все ирландские протестанты перейдут на сторону парламента в Английской гражданской войне. 28 марта 1646 года Ормонд от имени короля заключил ещё один договор с Ирландской Конфедерацией, согласно которому католики получали религиозные уступки, а также были устранены различные их жалобы. Однако генеральная ассамблея в Килкенни отказалась признать это соглашение, частично из-за влияния папского нунция , который убедил католиков отказаться от заключения мира с протестантами. Ирландские конфедераты отменили перемирие с Ормондом и арестовали тех из своих рядов, кто участвовал в подписании этого договора. 19 июня 1647 года Джеймс Батлер заключил мирный договор с английским долгим парламентом. Он обязывался сдать Дублин парламентариям при условии, что они защитят интересы ирландских роялистов (протестантов и католиков), которые фактически не участвовали в восстании. В августе 1647 года граф Ормонд сдал Дублин и его гарнизон роялистов (3000 чел.) под командование командующего со стороны парламента, , который недавно прибыл из Англии с 5-тысячным парламентским войском. Сам же Ормонд отплыл в Англию. В августе 1647 года объединённые силы роялистов и парламентариев под командованием Майкла Джонса одержали крупнейшую победу над силами католической конфедерации в вблизи Дублина. Командующий альянса роялистов Ормонд встречался с королём Карлом I в августе и октябре 1647 года в Хэмптон-корте, но в марте 1648 года, чтобы избежать ареста парламентом, он присоединился к королеве Генриетте Марии и принцу Уэльскому в Париже. В сентябре того же года он вернулся в Ирландию, чтобы попытаться объединить всех сторонников короля Карла

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I. Теперь ирландские конфедераты были гораздо более склонны к компромиссу, поскольку в 1647 году они понесли ряд военных поражений от английских парламентских сил. 17 января 1649 года Джеймс Батлер, граф Ормонд, заключил мир с ирландскими повстанцами на основе свободы католического вероисповедания. После казни короля Карла I 30 января 1649 года Джеймс Батлер присягнул на верность его сыну и наследнику, Карлу II Стюарту, который взамен в сентябре 1649 года наградил его Орденом Подвязки. Граф Ормонд командовал войсками ирландских конфедератов, а также английскими отрядами роялистов, которые высадились в Ирландии из Франции. Несмотря на контроль над большей частью Ирландии, граф Ормонд не смог предотвратить завоевание Ирландии Оливером Кромвелем в 1649—1650 годах. Летом 1649 года Ормонд попытался отбить Дублин у парламентариев и во главе 12-тысячного войска осадил город, обороной которого руководил . 2 августа 1649 года в 11-тысячная армия графа Ормонда потерпела поражение от 5-тысячного войска парламентариев Майкла Джонса. Впоследствии Ормонд попытался остановить продвижение Кромвеля вглубь острова, удерживая линию крепостей по всей стране. Но армия нового образца брала одну ирландскую крепость за другой, начиная с в сентябре 1649 года. Граф Ормонд потерял большую часть английских и протестантских королевских войск, которые подняли мятеж и перешли на сторону Кромвеля в мае 1650 года. Под командованием Ормонда остались только вооружённые отряды ирландских конфедератов, лидеры которых ему не доверяли. В конце 1650 года Ормонд был отстранён от командования и в декабре того же года вернулся во Францию. Синод, состоявшийся в августинском аббатстве в Джемстауне (графство Литрим) отлучил от церкви герцога и его последователей. Согласно , все владения графа Ормонда в Ирландии были конфискованы, а он был освобождён от помилования, которое было дано тем роялистам, сдавшимся к тому времени. Граф Ормонд, у которого катастрофически не хватало денежных средств, постоянно встречался в Париже с Карлом II и королевой-матерью. В 1655 году после заключения договора между Мазарини и Кромвелем он сопровождал Карла в его поездке в Аахен и Кёльн. В апреле 1656 года граф Ормонд был одним из двух участников, участвовал в подготовке подписания между роялистами Англии и Испанией. В 1658 году граф Ормонд инкогнито отправился с секретной миссией в Англию, чтобы получить достоверную информацию о шансах на восстание. Он встречался с королём в Фуэнтеррабии в 1659 году, вёл переговоры с кардиналом Мазарини и активно участвовал в секретной операции, предшествовавшей Реставрации Стюартов в Англии. Восстановление карьеры После возвращения короля Карла II в Англию граф Ормонд был назначен комиссаром казначейства и военно-морского флота, получил должности , члена

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Тайного совета Англии и лорда-наместника графства Сомерсет, лорда-распорядителя в Вестминстере, и Бристоле, канцлера Тринити-колледжа в Дублине, а также титулы барона Батлера из Ллантони и графа Брекнока в системе пэрства Англии. 30 марта 1661 году ему был пожалован титул герцога Ормонда в пэрстве Ирландии, и он стал лордом-распорядителем на коронации Карла II в том же году. Ему были возвращены огромные поместья в Ирландии, в 1661 году вручил ему 30 тысяч фунтов стерлингов. 4 ноября 1661 года герцог Ормонд вновь получил должность лорд-лейтенанта Ирландии и занялся работой по восстановлению населения в Ирландии. Главной проблемой был земельный вопрос, 23 декабря 1665 года Ормонд внёс в ирландский парламент Акт объяснения. Он был категорически против , запрещающего ввоз ирландского скота, который нанёс смертельный удар по ирландской торговле. В ответ в Ирландию был запрещён ввоз шотландских товаров и получено разрешение на торговлю с зарубежными странами. Он поощрял ирландское производство и обучение. Герцог Ормонд оказывал большое влияние на назначение ирландских судей. Герцог Ормонд отменил постой солдат в домах гражданских лиц и ликвидировал военное положение в Ирландии. Герцог Бекингем угрожал ему отставкой. В марте 1669 года Ормонд был исключён из состава Ирландского правительства и Комитета по делам Ирландии. 4 августа 1669 года он был избран канцлером Оксфордского университета. В 1663 году офицер-авантюрист Томас Блад с сообщниками планировал захватить Дублинский замок и взять в плен Джеймса Батлера, чтобы получить за него большой выкуп. Этот заговор был раскрыт. Блад и большая часть его сообщников бежали в Голландию. В 1670 году Томас Блад, находивший в розыске и тайно вернувшийся в Англию, попытался организовать похищение герцога Ормонда в Лондоне. В ночь на 6 декабря 1670 года Блад и его сообщники напали на карету герцога на улице Сент-Джеймс-стрит, чтобы его схватить и показательно повесить в Тайберне. Однако герцогу удалось сбежать от уже схвативших его на улице бандитов при помощи слуги. Это нападение, как подозревалось, было спровоцировано герцогом Бекингемом, который открыто обвинялся в преступлении лордом Оссори, сыном герцога Ормонда, в присутствии самого короля, и угрожал ему смертью, если с его отцом произойдёт какое-либо насилие. В своём имении в Каррик-он-Шур (графство Типперэри) герцог Ормонд руководил созданием шерстяной промышленности в городе в 1670 году. В 1671 году герцог Ормонд успешно противостоял попытке Ричарда Толбота нарушить . В 1673 году герцог вновь посетил Ирландию и вернулся в Лондон в 1675 году, чтобы дать советы Карлу по делам в парламенте, в 1677 году

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был вновь восстановлен в должности лорда-лейтенанта Ирландии. После прибытия в Ирландию Джеймс Батлер занимался приведением в надлежащий лад доходов и армии. Во время Папистского заговора в Англии (1678) герцог Ормонд обвинялся в сочувствии к заговорщикам графом Шефтсбери, но смог защититься вместе со своим сыном, лордом Оссори. В 1682 году король Карл II Стюарт вызвал герцога Ормонда ко двору. В том же году герцог написал «письмо от почётного деятеля страны, в ответ на замечания графа Англси о мемуарах графа Каслхейвена, касающихся восстания в Ирландии» и оказал королю общую поддержку. 29 ноября 1682 года Джеймс Батлер получил от короля титул герцога Ормонда в системе пэрства Англии. В июне 1684 года он вернулся в Ирландию, но в октябре вновь был отозван в Лондон из-за новых интриг при дворе. В 1685 году после смерти Карла II и вступления на королевский престол его младшего брата Якова II Стюарта Джеймс Батлер вынужден был покинуть должность лорда-лейтенанта Ирландии. В 1645—1653, 1660—1688 годах герцог Ормонд являлся шестым канцлером Тринити-колледжа в Дублине. В дальнейшем герцог Ормонд проживал на пенсии в поместье в графстве Оксфордшир, которое ему одолжил . Несмотря на свою длительную службу в Ирландии, герцог Ормонд не хотел проводить там свои последние годы. 21 июля 1688 года Джеймс Батлер, 1-й герцог Ормонд, скончался в возрасте 77 лет в Кингстон-Лейси (графство Дорсет). Он был похоронен в Вестминстерском аббатстве 1 августа 1688 года. Брак и дети В декабре 1629 года Джеймс Батлер женился на леди Элизабет Престон, 2-й баронессе Дингуолл (25 июля 1615 — 21 июля 1684), единственной дочери и наследнице сэра Ричарда Престона, 1-го графа Десмонда (ум. 1628), и леди (ум. 1628). У супругов было, как минимум, семеро детей, из которых трое сыновей и две дочери достигли зрелости: Томас Батлер, виконт Тёрлс (1632—1633) Томас Батлер, 6-й граф Оссори (8 июля 1634 — 30 июля 1680) Джеймс Батлер (1636—1645) Ричард Батлер, 1-й граф Арран (15 июня 1639 — 25 января 1686) (29 июня 1640 — июль 1665), муж — (1634—1714) (1643 — август 1677) Мэри Батлер (1646 — 31 июля 1710), муж — Уильям Кавендиш, 1-й герцог Девонширский (1640—1707) Старший из них, Томас Батлер, 6-й граф Оссори, скончался ещё при

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What is the HP Toll Free Number for customer services to fix HP Printer, Laptop, Computer, gaming laptop, premium laptop, HP Pavilion, HP Spectre, HP Envy, HP OMEN, HP Elite, HP Pro, HP Zbook, HP deskjet, HP Laserjet, HP officejet, HP designjet, HP Pagewide, HP Sprocket and Wireless Printer Tech Support Services? Worldwide HP user if facing any error with there Hp devices, and looking for HP Support Number for online help HP is one of the best companies in the market that have a motive to provide customers best advancements with the best features in its products. With the astonishing range of laptops, printers and computer systems, HP has made its presence among globally. HP provides a wide range of services to its customers with HP toll-free number. HP offers various products to the users which are very much helpful for them and these products make it easy for them to complete a work. Apart from the products and services, it also offers good customer service to the users. It is because if the customer suffers from any kind of issues related to the HP products, then he/she can easily contact to the support service to get the support from our tech experts. HP printer is a famous brand which enables print documents in a good quality. If you want to do the setup of your HP printer on your window computer then you need to uninstall the previously installed printer version. Before installing the HP printer on windows you first need to prepare the printer setup. Now make sure all the necessities and items before you begin. Now disconnect the printer USB cable from the PCs and search windows for "Device" and then select on "Device and Printers" control panel settings. Click on the printer icon and tap on "Remove device". If you see multiple icons on your screen then remove all of them and close the device and continue installation procedure. Download the driver as per your printer's model and follow the steps. You will see "driver product installation software" and tap on "Download" and run the drive file from your PC. Now, select a printer connection alternative when prompted by the installer and choose USB to continue for the full setup. After using above mentioned steps you will be able to use your printer and you can print, scan and fax with your printer. A user can face any kind of technical error or glitches. In that case, you don't need to worry because our expert team is available to provide you the best possible help related to it. You can contact HP technical support experts via Twitter to fix all the issues related to HP products. These are some of the issues which are faced by the HP products' users. Encountering browser issues on an HP device. HP laptop is not able to reboot. Not able to open files on the computer system's hard drive. Black screen on the laptop. Immediate shutdowns on the HP computers. Reset of an HP computers. A complete tech support for all devices. Finding solutions to open files which are unable to access. Full support for all the devices of HP. Removal of errors to make your system error free. HP support number helps you in providing the best them related to HP products. You can call them on HP toll free number +1-800-889-5169 and avail the services of them. The experts here have years of experience in providing the guide to the users of HP products. You can contact them without any hesitation and get the best results from their support. Get guidance from the team of passionate and coffee freak engineers at HP Printer Toll Free Number +1-800-889-5169 and get instant solution for your printer. Being in the industry for long, HP Technical Support offers the most reliable and user-friendly solutions. Understanding the need and urgency of customers, we keep our in-house solutions ready. And thus help them with high tech remote access technology. Hence call in the toll free number to get customized solutions right at your door. HP Laptops are utilized for different necessities as for home or workplaces or extensive associations. Presently, this printer has great need among clients due to its components and features. There could be issue sometime with HP Laptops which must be fixed as soon as possible to prevent risk. If any error faced by the HP users of US and Canada they may get touch with the technicians for solution.

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With the holidays fast approaching and new years resolutions coming shortly after that it's easy to stress out and sweat the small things. The only problem with that is your body's response. Your body reacts to stress in ways that actually make you stress out more. It gains weight, it gets tired, it holds water and before you know it your body has sent you into a bout of anxiety or depression. Learning why this happens is the first step in taking action against chronic stress and its affect on your body. In this blog post we go over the basics of cortisol the "stress hormone" and what it does in the body so that you can take the necessary steps to stop stress from happening. Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands during times of stress. This is why it's commonly referred to as the "stress hormone." Most bodily cells have cortisol receptors so when the adrenals secrete the hormone it's sent throughout the body and attaches to those cells. The attachment to those cells is critical for normal daily functions of the body. Cortisol has been shown to keep blood sugar levels in check, regulate the body's metabolism and reduce inflammation. It also plays a role in the body's balance of water and salt; think bloated and holding water or high blood pressure because of too much salt. That all being said… the right amount of cortisol stimulation is critical for your health. Cortisol naturally rises and falls throughout the day and night and is stimulated during exercise to help breakdown muscle tissue so that you can rebuild it bigger and stronger with proper recovery. (Remember this little tid bit for later.) However, it is also stimulated with stress or situations we view as stressful. Constantly stimulated levels of cortisol can over time burn out your adrenal glands so they cannot secrete enough for your bodily needs but in the process you will have the side effects of overstimulation. These side effects range from weight gain (especially around the abdomen,) decreased bone density, problems sleeping, loss of muscle mass, high blood pressure, depression, anxiety, weakened immune system and in most cases little to no results with efforts to lose weight through exercise and diet. Unfortunately for us stressful situations seem to be everywhere we turn. Whether its family, finances, career, relationships, self-esteem or body image problems our little adrenal glands pump out cortisol with every situation. Now lets take into account our fitness industry that promotes radical diets, quick fixes, extreme exercise programs and the mentality that fitness is life and your cortisol levels are going to spike just thinking about it. Extreme diets are considered a stress on the body. Extreme workout programs are considered a stress on the body. Combine the two and you have a recipe for disaster. Now lets dig a little deeper… back in the beginning of the blog where I wrote that exercise stimulates cortisol, it does for a reason. The reason we exercise is to breakdown muscle tissue so that when we leave the gym we go home and focus on recovery so we can stop the spike of cortisol and rebuild our muscle tissue. Rebuilding muscle tissue leads to a faster metabolism and fat loss over time. Unfortunately since our exercise programs usually come with an extreme diet nowadays you're actually not getting the adequate nutrients to start this recovery process and therefore your cortisol levels are not coming back down. Now we can take it a step further and say you're going back into the gym later on for an extra session and re-stimulating your body to pump out even more cortisol even though you never brought your levels back down from before. Can you see how this could be a vicious cycle that would just burn your body out rather than help you lose weight and get healthy? This is the problem that most of us are dealing with and without the proper education of how our bodies work most have had no idea. Handling stress so your body has the chance to recover and rebuild each day is critical to your weight loss success as well as success in your relationships, business and overall wellbeing. So what can you do? The right amount of exercise can be an amazing stress reliever. Getting in a workout that is a combination of cardiovascular training and resistance training is the trick. Be efficient with your workouts and find a workout that combines both components. Don't let the work

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Extended Horizon Reflections The quirky thoughts and convictions of a Jesus follower with a life-horizon longer than expected. A glimpse of who I am Western or Non-Western? Why does it matter? And what's the difference? amissionsguy / September 12, 2016 Before I plunge in to another post that I hope will be helpful for understanding both the value of using culture-related language and what I believe is the fundamental difference between Western and Non-Western cultures, I believe a clear definition of the word is in order. CULTURE: the shared beliefs, values, knowledge, language, and behaviors of a specific group of people that distinguishes them, or makes them unique, from other groups of people. Because I almost always view what is taking place in people's individual lives and in society as a whole through a culture detecting lens, I've had more than a few of my fellow Americans admonish me to leave the "culture-thing" alone and just view and help people as individuals. But as noble as that admonition may sound. it's actually the product of the American form of the foundational value that lies at the base of Western culture, and it just doesn't line-up with what's revealed in God's word or the history of humanity. The reality is that although every person who has ever lived was created by God with certain components of who they are that are unique to them, (like their fingerprints, their unique facial features, their unique blend of personality traits, and so forth), every person also enters into existence as part of one specific group of people, and then becomes parts of other groups as they progress in life. In other words, although every baby born is a unique individual, until some time later in life, that baby's primary identity in the eyes of everyone else, (and the baby's own eyes) is as a member of a group–first the baby's nuclear family consisting of it's mom and dad and siblings, but also as a member of their parent's larger, extended family–the grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, and so forth. But it isn't just our families that He assigned us to draw our group identity from. Our identity is also generated by the larger groups that our families are found within–ethnicity, language, nationality, and so forth–that also contribute to making us who we are. Whether we like it or agree with it, viewing individuals as part of one or more specific cultures is essential for understanding who that person is, what they value, what they do, and why they do it. By taking the time and effort to learn about the different cultural or sub-cultural groups from which an individual draws a significant portion of their identity, we can also discover the similarities and differences between the cultural groups, and the beliefs and values that produce them. When we learn these kinds of things about individuals and groups, it increases our ability to help them understand themselves and each other. It also makes it easier to develop methods that will enable the people within them to live alongside people from other cultures peacefully, respectfully, and with the minimum amount of misunderstanding and conflict possible. Put as simply as possible, if you desire to understand and help an individual, it's essential to understand the groups they derive a significant portion of their identity from. Although our American culture has influenced us to believe that our primary identity in the eyes of others should be as an individual, that belief is contrary to God's design as He has unveiled it in His word, and also contrary to the reality of human history. What's ironic is that our discomfort and even resistance to being categorized or identified first and foremost as a member of a specific group, or categorizing or identifying others primarily as members of a specific group, actually places us in to a very small group or category of people–known as extreme, or hyper-individualists. Because of the more than seven billion people that live on this planet, the number that believes individual-identity is primary and that categorizing and/or identifying people first and foremost as part of a group is unfair, unhealthy, or inherently wrong, is probably less than two percent. When we do view the inhabitants of our planet through the lens of the word culture that I defined above, it's fairly obvious that humanity as a whole–human society, is composed of thousands of diverse cultural groups and many times more than that when the sub-cultures within each of those groups is considered.

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House Documents, Otherwise Publ. as Executive Documents: 13th ..., Том 24 Аутор: United States. Congress. House No estimate is included in the above for dredging, but it is because, if slackwater navigation is determined on there will be sufficient depth on these bars, and by closing ditches and turning drainage in the other direction, the bars will probably disappear. It may be found that on deepening the upper portion of the bayou by raising the water surface there will be some little dredging of bars needed below the lower dam to make the increased depth above available; but if so, and if a change in the class of boats to stern-wheel boats should not of itself remedy the evil of these bars, it will be soon enough then to dredge the few lower bars when the locks are made. A chart of the survey is made on a scale of you, as far down as Saint Martinsville, below which the chart made by Mr. Duke gives all the available data. Yours, respectfully, H. C. COLLINS, Assistant Engineer. Maj. C. W. HOWELL, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A. EXAMINATION OF TCHEFUNCTE RIVER, LOUISIANA. UNITED STATES ENGINEER OFFICE, New Orleans, February 27, 1880. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit herewith report of Assistant Engineer W. H. Hoffman of an examination of Tchefuncte River, Louisiana, provided for in act of Congress approved March 3, 1879. Tracing of chart, drawn to a scale of zobo, will be forwarded in a separate package. Recommendations of Mr. Hoffman as to plan of improvement are set forth in his report and are concurred in. His estimates are also approved and can be expended to advantage on the work during the ensuing fiscal year, viz, $5,460. I am unable to furnish valuable information concerning the commercial importance of the work. It is not susceptible of permanent completion. The nearest light-house is on the Tchefuncte River, near Madisonville, La. Mr. Hoffman was also directed to make an examination of Bayou Castain, which the citizens of Mandeville, La., solicited me to have made with a view to its improvement by the general government, that it might serve as a harbor of refuge for vessels plying on Lake Pontchartrain. The result of the examination is appended to Mr. Hoffman's report on the Tchefuncte, and his recommendations as to plan of improvement of Bayou Castain and estimates are approved. The amount, $3,410, can be expended to advantage on the work during the ensuing fiscal year. The collection-district and nearest light-house are the same as for the Tchefuncte River. Very respectfully, your obedient servant. w. HOWELL, Major of Engineers. Brig. Gen. H. G. WRIGHT, Chief of Engineers, U. S. A. P. S.—Tracing of chart, drawn to a scale of zoo, will be forwarded in a separate package. REPORT OF MR. W. H. HOFFMAN, ASSISTANT ENGINEER. NEW ORLEANS, LA., January 31, 1880. MAJOR: I have the honor of submitting to you the following report on the examinatia of the Tchefuncte River, Louisiana. A survey of this river was made in 1871, by the late Lieut. E. A. Woodruff, United States Engineers, and a tracing of the chart made by him was used on which to note all changes which have taken place since that time. Cross-sections were taken at the most important points, following lines of soundings made by Lieutenant Woodruf nearly as possible. Covington is at the head of navigation on the Bogue Falaya, which is only navigable for small schooners to this point, steamers stopping at Covington Landing, 2 miles below. There are many snags and overhanging trees on the partion of river between the steamboat landing and Covington, and the channel is very crooked: bends are very sharp; banks are of sharp sand and almost constantly changing in freshets. Many bars are found with too little water to allow larger Tessels

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to pass than the small schooners at present found. No other improvement than removal of snags and overhanging trees is advisable, as cut-offs, which captains of schooners so much wish, would only result in increasing the caving of the bank and wonld probably injure the river below, where it is now good. Below the mouth of the Abita, the bank has a gentle slope towards the river, and is nowhere caving; there is a wide, deep channel, fully sufficient for any possible want of navigation. The banks on the lower part of the river are sea marsh, covered at high tide. The entrance of the river into Lake Pontchartrain has a bar on which is found but 51 fert at a common low-tide. During northers there is fully 1 foot less, and at such times the harbor is most needed as a harbor of refuge for vessels from all coast ports as far east as Pensacola, coming into Lake Pontchartrain during a norther. The entrance to New Orleans basin canals, on the lake, is a very difficult one, and Fery dangerous indeed with a norther blowing. The chief business of the steamers inning in this trade is carrying passengers to and from the sea-side watering-places, and for them some safe harbor on the north side of the lake is very important. The barbor to which improvement of this bar would give these access is one of the best possible for such purposes. The river is several hundred feet wide and 20 to 30 feet deep, for 2 miles, up to Madisonville, where steamers can tie up at the bank at any time. The bar is made of sand and shell washed from the lake and not from material carried out by the river, which is a clear-water stream. The constant progress of the point and the bar to the southwest, and the washing away of the west side by the tertent, shows that the bar is the effect of the washing of the sand of the lake beach to westward along the coast. The winds affecting this shore blow from southeast, and a jetty to protect the entrance from this wash of sand from eastward may be found necessary to retain the channel, even if one should be dredged out, as can be rasily done. Estimate for the improvements is as follows: Removal of all snags to Covington.. $300 Removal of all overhanging trees.. 500 Dredging on bar 15,000 cubic yards, at 25 cents.. ,750 Add for engineering and contingencies, 20 per cent.. Total....... 5, 460 At the urgent solicitation of the citizens of Mandeville, an examination was made of Bayou Castain, the mouth of which was formerly their harbor, on Lake Pontchartrain, bat its entrance from the lake is now so filled as to be useless. The bayou drains about 10,000 acres of timbered land, and during rains there is sufficient current to wash at the sand from the entrance and give a channel across the bar at times as deep as 4 feet, but unfortunately, with the first blow from the southeast it is filled with sand; dom remaining open for a week, and filling so as to leave but f a foot of water over the sand. This washing-ont process gave the idea of making a permanent entrance, and a charter was secured from the State; cribs were made and slightly ballasted with bork, placed on each side of the entrance. A few of these cribs remain, and as far oft as they go the channel remains, but most of the cribs washed ashore and the work was abandoned from want of money for continuing it. The success of this crib EĚ, so far as it went, shows that a jetty properly built would keep the sand from tling the channel, the filling all being made by sand washed along shore to westward. There is a depth of 6 to 7 feet in the bayou, and were the entrance so improved as to te a depth of 5 or 6 feet on the bar, the commerce of the town would be greatly Petited, and the harbor thus made would be available as a harbor of refuge on this sath shore during the gales of the fall and winter months. Mandeville is one of the coast watering places and during the summer and fall from to three steamers stop there every day, and one daily during the remainder of the jaz There are also many schooners. The estimated cost for the improvement to be made is as follows: 12

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,400 cubic yards dredging, at 25 cents.. Add 10 per cent. for contingencies. $3, 100 Nero Orleans, February 27, 1880. GENERAL: I have the honor to submit herewith report of Assistant Engineer H. C. Collins of an examination of Tickfaw River, Louisiana, made by Civil Assistant H. S. Douglas, as provided for in act of Congress approved March 3, 1879. Tracings of chart, drawn to a scale of zuvo, will be forwarded in a separate package. Recommendations of Mr. Collins as to plan of improvement are set forth in his report and are concurred in. His estimates are also approved; the total amount of which can be expended to advantage on the work during the ensuing fiscal year, viz, $10,230. The commercial importance of the work is given in the report of Mr. Collins. The work is not susceptible of permanent completion. It is located in the collection-district of New Orleans. The nearest light-house is at the mouth of Pass Manchac, Lake Pontchartrain. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, C. W. HOWELL, Chief of Engineers, U. S. A. REPORT OF MR. H. C. COLLINS, ASSISTANT ENGINEER. NEW ORLEANS, LA., January 31, 1880. MAJOR: I have the honor to submit the following report of the examination of Tickfaw River and its navigable branches. The Tickfaw River rises in the State of Mississippi and empties into Lake Maurepas. North of the beginning of this survey the river is at low-water but a succession of pools, connected by ripples, over which in long droughts but little water flows, and its banks are high rolling pine woods land, or a bottom once washed out by the stream and heavily timbered, covered in freshets by the river. Tbe survey was made by H. S. Douglas, assistant engineer. He began at the crossing of the Baton Rouge and Ponchatoula road, where the stream is 60 to 80 feet wide and 5 to 10 feet deep at low-water; but there are bars where but 3 feet is found. The first 6 miles, above Mr. Chapman's place, is so choked by old logs, snags, and trees blown in by the gale of September last, as to be almost impassable even for a skiff, and there is an almost continuous line of overhanging trees on one side or the other. On the fourth mile from the beginning is Whetmore Island, where the river divides, one part passing to the west of the island, having at its head much the largest crosssection, is entirely blocked by raft of sags, trees, and drift, and the other part, passing to eastward of the island for nearly a mile, is but 2 feet deep and less than 30 feet wide in places, and much obstructed by timber standing and fallen. This island and its two obstructed channels are probably the dam which makes the 4-mile pool above, and at low-water any improvement of these channels will probably draw off the water above; but below the island the character of the river changes to a tidal stream, with a current depending entirely on the tide, except at freshets. From Chapman's place to Mr. Settoon's place is 4 miles, and, though the depth is Dowhere less than 4 feet and the width great enough, so that schooners or steamers could easily navigate it, they are entirely prevented by the great number of logs and the overhanging trees. Mr. Chapman made one cut-off many years ago, and attempted to make another one, but failed to turn the river through the second, and it can yet be easily closed and saves half a mile of river and 4 bends of 240° or more each, while his ent wonld give a long, straight reach. The first cut-off which he succeeded in making was an unimportant one, shortening the river so little as not to appreciably change the slope, and these, so far as could be learned, were the only attempts to interfere with the river. The banks are nowhere caving, and once cleared the channel would probably remain good. The bottom-land is so low that it is covered with every freshet, and is not li

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CommonCrawl

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able to be cleared so as to form cut-offs; a growth of cane protects it from washing. The water is almost absolutely free from any earthy material in stuspension, but is colored to a dark coffee-color by cypress and gum. Mr. Settoon's place is now the head of navigation for schooners, which they find great difficulty in teaching from the great number of trees blown in by the September gale. There were many old snags and some overhanging trees forming obstructions before. Below this there is nowhere less than 9 feet depth in the channel; 8 miles below Settoon's Blood River enters from the north; it is but a tidal stream so far up as it is navigable (about 4 miles), and the width is 80 feet or more and the depth about 10 feet. There are many old spags and trees and some overhanging trees. "Bluffs touch the river sufficiently often to afford landing places. From the mouth of Blood River to the Natalbany is 6 miles, and from thence to Lake Maurepas is 2 miles. This distance has a channel fully 250 feet wide and a depth of 10 to 20 feet. The Natalbany enters from the north and is navigable to the town of Springfield, 10 miles above its junction with the Tickfaw. The depth is nowhere less than 10 feet in the channel, and it has a sufficient width to turn a schooner or steamer almost anywhere, but it is somewhat obstructed by snags, trees, and overhanging trees. The Ponchatoula River is the most easterly branch, and enters the Natalbany 4 miles above its junction with the Tickfaw. Except during freshets it is entirely supplied by tide-water, and rises and falls with the lake. The survey of it began at the bridge on the Baton Rouge and Ponchatoula road, to which point there is sufficient width and depth for navigation, but the first 2 miles is unch obstructed by overhanging trees and by logs and trees in the water. Below Wadesborough there is now navigation for schooners, but the channel is much obstructed by overhanging trees, by trees blown in during the gale of September, and bş old logs and snags. Each of the three branches of the Tickfaw is of more commercial importance than the main stream, and removal of the obstructions will facilitate communication with New Orleans, and make it possible to use steamboats instead of schooners. Any increase in regularity and speed of the means of communication will promote settlement of the country and increase its commerce. The schooners now coming to these rivers during all the year (except the three or four dull months of summer) are about as follows: Schooners per week. To the Natalbany 4 To the Ponchatoula 3 To the Blood River 2 To the Tickfaw.... 3 Besides the freight of these schooners, great quantities of hewn timber, spars, and sav-logs are floated out, and are to be included in the commerce of these rivers. The depth of water, which depends entirely on the height of water in Lake Maurepas, is never so little as in the least to affect navigation, and there is at lowest water of a winter norther 7 feet of water over the bar at the mouth of the Tickfaw in the iake, but the bar at the mouth of Pass Manchac in Lake Pontchartrain bas but 6 feet depth, and at low tide, with a northwest wind, less than 5 feet. The entire commerce of these rivers, and the Amite and other rivers entering Lake Maurepas, must all pass this bar. No survey has been made of it, but from information given by captains of vessels passing there, I think it will require about 20,000 cubic yards of dredging to make a good channel. The available depth is said to be much less than it was previous to the breaking of the Bonnet Carre crevasse in 1874. Most of the water from that source now finds its way into Lake Maurepas, and from it alone comes the mud for a bar at the mouth of Pass Manchac, as all the rivers entering the lake are clearTater streams. The cost of dredging the 20,000 cubic yards will be about 25 cents per Fard, or $5,000 for the whole, if the information should prove correct as to its amount, and is nothing

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CommonCrawl

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Stephen H Crandall Professor Emeritus Meche Dies 92 Stephen H. Crandall, professor emeritus in MechE, dies at 92 Department of Mechanical Engineering Nov. 8, 2013 Stephen H. Crandall, the Ford Professor of Engineering Emeritus at MIT, a pioneer in random vibrations and rotordynamics, and a leader in transforming mechanics into an engineering science, passed away Oct. 29, in Needham, Mass. He was 92 years old. Crandall was born in the Philippine Islands in 1920. Graduating with a degree in mechanical engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology in the early days of World War II, he joined MIT as a staff member in the Radiation Laboratory in 1942. After earning his PhD in mathematics from MIT in 1946, he transferred to the Department of Mechanical Engineering. There, he was appointed to assistant professor of mechanical engineering in 1947, associate professor in 1951, then to professor in 1958. He was named Ford Professor of Engineering in 1975, and an emeritus professor in 1991. Across MIT, Crandall is remembered as an outstanding teacher and scholar, noted for the clarity of his lectures: He spoke slowly, but managed to cover plenty of material. While at MIT, he led the transformation of mechanics into an engineering science, acting as editor of three groundbreaking texts: "Random Vibrations" (1958), "An Introduction to the Mechanics of Solids" (1959), and "Dynamics of Mechanical and Electromechanical Systems" (1968). Crandall was a pioneer of random vibrations research, offering the first academic course on the subject in 1958, and subsequently directing MIT's Acoustics and Vibration Laboratory for 33 years. He published a total of eight books and 160 technical papers. Crandall was professionally active as an engineering consultant and a member of many technical societies. He served as chairman of the Executive Committee of the Applied Mechanics Division and as vice president of Basic Engineering for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME); he also served as president of the American Academy of Mechanics. He served as chairman of the U.S. National Committee for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics and of the Solid Mechanics Panel of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. He was also a member of the Board of the International Commission for Acoustics. Throughout the years, a steady stream of students enjoyed the hospitality of Crandall and his gracious wife, Pat: They generously opened their house in Lincoln, Mass., to a variety of student groups. Their interest in teaching and supporting foreign students was initiated by their first sabbatical at Imperial College London in 1949 and reinforced by subsequent sabbaticals and lecture tours in Mexico, France, Germany, Israel, Russia, China, Japan, Australia, and South Korea. Crandall learned to speak Spanish, French, and Russian, and enjoyed giving lectures in the local language. Pat chaired MIT's faculty wives committee, which organized English-language classes for the wives of foreign students. Crandall's hobbies included Dixieland piano, and he played gigs for many years with the Tabor Hill Jazz Band. Crandall's professional contributions have been widely recognized. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Russian Academy of Engineering. The Acoustical Society of America awarded him the Trent-Crede Medal in 1978, and the American Society of Civil Engineers awarded him both the Theodore von Karman Medal, in 1984, and the Freudenthal Medal, in 1996. ASME awarded Crandall the Worcester Reed Warner Medal in 1971; the Timoshenko Medal in 1990; the Den Hartog Award in 1991; and the Thomas K. Caughey Dynamics Award in 2009. He was inducted as an honorary ASME member in 1988. Crandall is survived by his daughter, Jane (Crandall) Kontrimas, with her husband Peter and son Stephen; and by his son, William BC Crandall. A memorial

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117

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Facebook Is Ready To Launch Portal, An Echo Show Competitor At $499 The device will be available later this year Facebook finally started talking about its secret smart home video chat product that will compete with Amazon's Echo show. According to a report from Cheddar, the social media giant is planning to launch its video chatting hardware product later this year. The report also reveals that the product will be called Portal and developed under the Building 8 division of the company. The Building 8 lab is Facebook's secretive division similar to Apple's X that works on projects confidentially. As top-notch tech giants Google, Amazon, and Apple are consistently placing smart home devices on the market, Facebook urges too for the competition. The first report about the Facebook's home video product was revealed back in July 2017. Portal is a voice-enabled smart video chatting device that will allow the users to video chat. Moreover, the device can be seen as the extension of the company's social platform to provide a more interactive way for family and friends to communicate. According to Cheddar, Facebook will sell the device for $499 and planning to launch it later this year. The Portal will be the first consumer product for Facebook after the company failed to build a smartphone with an unsuccessful partnership with HTC in 2013. However, there are still reports stating the company had patented the 'Facebook Smartphone' in 2015. The company is planning to formally announce about the Portal in early May which may take place at the company's F8 developer conference. Similar to Amazon's Echo Show the Portal Will also has the capability of holding the video calls and streaming music and videos. However, Amazon already has its ecosystem, Amazon Prime to stream content through the device, but Facebook has to rely on the partnership with other brands like Netflix and Spotify. The device will also incorporate the facial recognition ability to link its users to their Facebook account for more functionalities. Where Amazon and Google are revolutionizing the market by placing more and more smarter home products under budget, the Facebook's $499 priced device could be hefty for consumers. However, Facebook CEO, Mark Zuckerberg already mentioned the employees for caring less about profits as he plans to change the consumer's behavior. The Portal is also the first product from Facebook's secretive hardware consumer lab, Building 8 that started in April 2016. In the market that is already owned by Google and Amazon, it would be very hard for Facebook to penetrate a major portion of consumers in the beginning. The Facebook's smart home video chatting device need to perform exceptionally well against the other smart home products in order to replace them, according to a research conducted by The Verge and Retical Research in October last year. PREVIOUS Google Pay: The New Payment Service You Should Know About NEXT Google Assistant Now Available To Android Auto Uber is All Set to Embed UberEats in its Parent App Uber, now synonymous to cab booking, has given tough competition in ride-sharing and food delivery. And so, it has now decided to add its standalone UberEats app to the main app itself.Uber CEO, Dara Khosrowshahi, was heard saying on the company's first earnings call last month,&ldqu Social messaging app ruler WhatsApp is all set to introduce its new feature related to Change Number.As Whatsapp is the leading app in terms of downloads keep surprising its users with new updates. According to latest mobile app technology news and reports, the messaging app going to enhance the cha Google Launches an App for People With Limited Mobility Google introduced a new app to help users with mobility issues while accessing their smartphones. The company named the app, 'Voice- access' that enables the users to navigate through mobile and apps, write and edit text via voice commands.The app will take over your phone and allow Uber Rolls Out a Feature to Teach American Sign Language Uber, the ride-hailing giant has come up with a new feature in its app to help its hearing-impaired drivers. The company is trying to eliminate the inconvenience between the riders and deaf drivers during the ride.The Uber app is updated with a feature that will help the riders to communicate we Dropbox Buys HelloSign for $230 Million, Gets Workflow And E-Signature Functionalities Dropbox, the leading global platform for syncing and sharing

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CommonCrawl

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This Gay Comic's Hookup Stories Will Make You Delete Grindr Posted by By artuk November 19, 2021No Comments "Could You Be certain?" Solomon Georgio requires the audience on their newer stand-up album, Homonegro better, out today on Comedy middle registers. "I wanted authorization from everybody else within place before we go ahead." The group cheers, in which he proceeds to place everything on: "So, we once fisted a person." What follows is a romantic three . 5 instant classification that winds up are both hilarious and humanizing. (The laugh is actually inserted below—the terms "human muppet" and "like a Jackson Pollock decorating" are used.) Through this reason for Georgio's record album, you've read a joke labeled as "HELPS from Scratch" and another about precisely how right guys exactly who will not decrease on ladies are "the gayest part of the planet." The first thing he makes clear to you, after apologizing based on how amazing he looks, is the fact that he is gay as hell. You sorts of know very well what you're in for. But Georgio has actually a preternatural capability to make knowledge that may seems extreme—like fisting some body, or expanding within the gay youngsters of "very religious, extremely uptight" African immigrants, or getting harassed about whether they have a "big chocolate cock" on Grindr—relatable, somehow. Prior to their look yesterday on Conan, the guy contributed a number of their most mind-boggling hookup stories in a job interview with VICE. The guy told united states he is started off of the market along with a relationship for per year today; "As a person and in bed, he's fairly great," he mentioned. "i can not think about actually ever being required to endure Grindr once more." Lower try a little test of the reason why. Grindr first struck the stride whenever I was 27 or 28, and I also got a stretch on Craigslist before that. However when I happened to be an adolescent, I became into celebration lines—where you had set a voice content, and other people would hit you up this way. Those comprise the olden days we originated from, means pre-Tinder. That is certainly bumble vs okcupid coupons the way I lost my virginity. We called the range one-night and said I found myself a "19-year-old virgin," which suggested I got one thousand voicemails instantly. And my personal basic hookup flat-out lied. He mentioned he had been a 28-year-old soccer user, and he wasn't. So I ended up losing my virginity to a 55-year-old Native United states pull queen in a Ford F150 parked behind a Texaco about two blocks from my mothers' residence. But I became additionally 19 and needed seriously to make love. For all the very first 15 minutes, he explained his lives facts, following I became just like, "Let's fully grasp this over with." So he provided me with a bj and believed I would reciprocate, and I also unfortuitously got sick willing to do this, therefore I was actually like, "Well, i need to end up being someplace else now, bye," and I ran to satisfy my buddies for milkshakes at Denny's. And just what performed I tell them? That we destroyed my virginity to a 28-year-old football player. I'm certain they were very pleased. I'm most for trying times when somebody desires us to become more dom. And I also did give it a try, but often, they eventually ends up in which I form of start advising all of them what direction to go? I'd one chap who was simply like, "i really want you to tell me what direction to go, whatever really." And I also had gotten because intense as I could and lasted the time—I found myself really pleased with myself personally for this. However I kept supposed while he got leaving, and he is like, "it is possible to support it a little. It's not necessary to be mean any longer." Like, I am not sure where in fact the principles conclusion or begin. Were we achieving this not in the quarters or just in bed? You gotta lie down the principles. Maybe you need a bit more dominating if you like us to inform you how

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Cianan Brennan: Trying to make sense of the long and winding PSC saga By Cianan Brennan Tuesday, January 07, 2020 - 12:00 AM GDPR hovers over the continuing standoff between a government department and the Data Protection Commission, writes Cianan Brennan. You get the impression that neither side in the ongoing battle between the Department of Social Protection and the Data Protection Commission (DPC) for our data has any real clarity about where they're currently headed. Last Friday, the department confirmed that it has officially appealed an enforcement notice delivered by the commissioner in December regarding the findings of illegality made by the DPC against the public services card (PSC) all the way back in August. So, four months later, we're exactly where we presumed we would be when Finance Minister Paschal Donohoe and Social Protection Minister Regina Doherty first stated they would be challenging the DPC's findings on September 3. How and why has it taken us this long to get here? We can start by considering what we know for certain, although doing so doesn't entirely explain what is happening. Probably the most significant thing to occur over the past four months was the decision by multiple other departments and agencies to rescind the PSC as an obligatory requirement for their services. The other most noteworthy, if intangible, thing about the extended period of time before the DPC finally took action was the lengthy nature of that time period itself — a delay that assuredly did not go unnoticed in the corridors of power. We can infer two things from the above. Firstly, the Government as a whole was in no way comfortable enough with the legality of the PSC to leave it as a compulsory requirement for sundry important public services; and secondly, there were and are problems with enforcement. What are those problems? Well, while we're now firmly in the era of GDPR, and have been since May 2018, the PSC probe began some timebefore that date, and was carried out under the auspices of the prior Data Protection Acts of 1988 and 2003. This is more understandable when you remember that the whole project wasn't supposed to take anything like as long as the two years it did. But the fact remains that the DPC's powers, and the Government's vulnerability, would appear to be more pronounced under the newer law. We know that the Department of Social Protection, in a strategy that was fundamentally cynical but perhaps understandable, didn't believe that any DPC enforcement would have 'teeth'because its investigation was carried out under the wrong law. "Given that the acts are no longer operative since the coming into force of the 2018 Act, the department requires clarity as to the precise legal basis for any such enforcement requirement," John McKeon, secretary general for the Department of Social Protection, said in a letter to the DPC on September 6. We can guess that the DPC must have struggled mightily with enforcement also, simply because it took so long. It contrasts starkly with the confidence with which the findings of the original report were presented back in August. It's certainly not beyond the bonds of plausibility to think that the decision to enforce was made because to not do so would look bad having repeatedly vowed to match the department cut for cut. Then you consider the manner of the State's challenge — a straightforward appeal in the Circuit Court, as opposed to an application for judicial review in the High Court. Speaking to experts ahead of the State taking action, it was broadly expected that the latter would be more likely to succeed as a straightforward challenge to the procedures by which the DPC reached its conclusions. However, a judicial review could also lead to the precedent of the DPC's every decision being called into question — less than ideal given its heightened role in regulating the many big-data behemoths stationed in Ireland. Instead, the State has opted for a straightforward legal challenge on matters of privacy law. You might imagine that's a sign that the department was reluctant to go the judicial review route. Except that the Department of Social Protection currently has a live judicial review action (filed last July) against the DPC in motion regarding a decision it made concerning the gathering of data for child benefit provision purposes. And from the

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Q: Worklight 6.1.0.1 ant build on z/Linux - encoding issue? bug? I have a jazz build server I am using to build my application using the provided ant scripts. The build works fine on our AIX build server. However, I migrated to another server running z/Linux and the application will not load. I compared the two wlapp files and there is only one difference between them. On AIX (working), the following code appears in index.html: <script> // Define WL namespace. var WL = WL ? WL : {}; /** * WLClient configuration variables. * Values are injected by the deployer that packs the gadget. */ on z/Linux (not working), the following code appears in index.html <script> // Define WL namespace. var WL = WL ? WL : {};  /** * WLClient configuration variables. * Values are injected by the deployer that packs the gadget. */ This section of code is injected by the worklight ant tasks. It is not our code. Any suggestions? A: Tried it again: wslnx029:/home/wl # cat build.xml <project basedir="." name="build-tools" default="build-application"> <taskdef resource="com/worklight/ant/defaults.properties"> <classpath> <pathelement location="/home/wl/worklight-ant-builder-6.1.0.jar" /> </classpath> </taskdef> <target name="build-application"> <app-builder applicationfolder="/home/wl/proj6101/apps/app6101" worklightserverhost="http://localhost:9080/worklight" outputfolder="/home/wl/proj6101/bin"/> </target> </project> wslnx029:/home/wl # ./apache-ant-1.7.1/bin/ant -verbose Apache Ant version 1.7.1 compiled on June 27 2008 Buildfile: build.xml Detected Java version: 1.6 in: /home/wl/ibm-java-s390x-60/jre Detected OS: Linux parsing buildfile /home/wl/build.xml with URI = file:/home/wl/build.xml Project base dir set to: /home/wl [antlib:org.apache.tools.ant] Could not load definitions from resource org/apache/tools/ant/antlib.xml. It could not be found. Build sequence for target(s) `build-application' is [build-application] Complete build sequence is [build-application, ] build-application: [echo] Worklight Ant Task version 6.1.0.01.20140801-1626 [app-builder] Aug 4, 2014 9:43:19 AM com.worklight.builder.sourcemanager.handlers.android.AndroidManifestSourceHandler checkBuildTarget [app-builder] WARNING: FWLST1119W: Android build will fail because the API level used to compile the project is not supported by the Worklight Studio. [app-builder] It is recommended to use Android API level 18 which is the latest API level supported by the Worklight Studio. Use the Android SDK Manager to install API level 18, configure your project to build with API level 18 by updating the Project Build Target in Project / Properties / Android dialog. [app-builder] Aug 4, 2014 9:43:19 AM com.worklight.ant.builders.ApplicationBuilderTask execute [app-builder] SUCCESS: FWLST2001I: Successfully built environments: [android, common] BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 1 second This is the resulting HTML part: <script> // Define WL namespace. var WL = WL

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Why SBS? Virtual Campus Visits Visiting SBS Chinese Applicants International Student Partnership (ISP) SB Global (Online) SB Global: How to Apply SB Global: FAQs School Review Re-Opening Plan Character Before Career Contacts and Directory Directions to SBS Learning at the Brook Learn to Navigate Big Questions Curriculum Post Grad Program Creativity at the Brook Virtual AP Art Show Recent College Acceptances The SBS Experience Chapel and Religious Life A Day at the Brook About the Bears Athletics Blog - SBS Bears The Bulletin Archive Blogs @The Brook SBS Parents The Stony Brook School is an independent college preparatory school (grades 7-12) that exists to challenge young men and women to know Jesus Christ as Lord, to love others as themselves, and to grow in knowledge and skill, in order that they may serve the world through their character and leadership. We believe school should be a place where young people embark on a passionate quest for truth, beauty, goodness and self-discovery, informed by relationships with adults of character and faith who know and love them. Our founding Head of School, Frank Gaebelein, believed that "all truth is God's truth." With this in mind, we are confident that sincere inquiry will lead students into discovering the heuristic power of the Christian narrative. We want our students to be deeply and thoughtfully engaged in the world around them, to be prepared to meet contemporary challenges with well-trained minds and hearts. Further, we recognize our School's commitment to excellence in the liberal arts, and we are confident that it will remain at the center of what we do. our VISION for the FUTURE The Stony Brook School turns 100 in the year 2022. This milestone will be a testament to God's faithful preservation of Stony Brook. Yet milestones do not just celebrate the past; they can also be inflection points towards a brighter and more verdant future. Our planning efforts have sought to answer the following question: Who do we want to be when we turn 100? Through a 15-month process initiated in 2014, Stony Brook undertook an exhaustive study to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats facing the School. Out of that process emerged clarity around two essential components—a vision for the School in 2022, and the strategic initiatives that must be undertaken to achieve it. By 2022, we see Stony Brook students: Exploring matters of faith and philosophy on their quest for truth, beauty, and goodness Becoming leaders in business and research fields Hosting competitions that use entrepreneurship, engineering, and technology to help others Undertaking service-learning projects locally, regionally, and globally Matriculating to college knowing who they are and how to use their gifts in service to others Benefiting from excellent facilities designed to reflect the values of the institution Serving as models and ambassadors to other schools who seek to foster character development Spending 100 hours a year outside of class interning and researching Returning from college grateful for the literacy they gained about faith and religion Our Strategic Imperatives Develop inspiring facilities that support the mission of The Stony Brook School, enabling us to deliver on the promise of 21st Century education, and increase our visibility in the community. Retain, recruit, and reward the best faculty members in the world. Create financial sustainability for the next generation of Stony Brook families and students. Further "Character Before Career" through a robust student mentoring system for all students that stresses personalized learning, health and wholeness, leadership training, cultural intelligence, and spiritual and character development. Develop and deepen partnerships in areas where outside entities can bring world-class resources to The Stony Brook School to benefit its students. Further a world-class Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) program. Advance the arts at Stony Brook with programs that enhance student creativity, promote the marriage of technology and art, and challenge students to discover the true, the good, and the beautiful. 1 Chapman Parkway, Stony Brook, NY 11790 | 631-751-180

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Analysis / Reading What Maya Angelou's 'I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings' shows us about pain August 17, 2020 August 18, 2020 Miss JenLeave a comment Note: This post contains sensitive content! One of the trickiest things about teaching literature is the 'appropriateness' of text selection. I'm not sure how prudish schools are these days (and this could differ vastly across countries and cultures), but while most teachers would cringe at the idea of discussing sex and rape with teenage students, they're often asked to teach literary works that contain these same sensitive, adult topics. Does the veneer of figurative language, then, make the thematically 'inappropriate' more palatable? There is, of course, a strong case to be made for 'sensitive books' to be taught in classrooms, if only because engaging with literature is all about understanding humanity in its entirety. Puritanical censorship, for all its good intentions, has no place in authentic learning. Introducing I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Maya Angelou's I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, an autobiographical novel published in 1969, is one example of these 'sensitive, but widely taught' texts. From the GCSE and A-Levels to the IB and AP curricula, this book is a regular on 'recommended books' lists. (By the way, in my post on the poetry of oppression, I analyse Maya Angelou's poem 'Still I Rise' alongside the British Guyanese poet John Agard's 'Checking Out Me History' – another GCSE favourite.) What's interesting, then, is that I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings isn't an easy book to read, much less teach. Its difficulty lies not in the complexity of its language or the inaccessibility of its ideas, but in the rawness of its human presentation, delivered through the honesty of a voice which straddles childhood and adolescence. As an autobiographical novel, it's about Angelou's own childhood (among many other things), but it's arguably not a 'children's book', as the protagonist Maya recalls growing up with the trauma of abandonment and rape. In the #MeToo era, more women in the first world are now able to speak out against sexual victimisation, but this – to a large extent – remains a privilege that's only open to those who have the socio-economic upper hand. And for a Southern Black girl living in early 20th century America, this sort of privilege is a distant pipe dream. Photo credit: AFP file photo via arabnews.com It's upsetting to think that those without power are always the first to be targeted for exploitation and oppression, as predators are prone to take advantage of the powerless' fear and lack of confidence. Part of what makes I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings so impactful is the way Angelou charts her personal growth by swinging the pendulum of power dynamics throughout the narrative, as Marguerite (the narrator and protagonist) moves past her identity as a rape survivor in small town Arkansas to become a strong, empowered woman and the first black female cable car conductor in San Francisco. Close reading the most painful section in the novel For some students, one of the most puzzling questions about the book concerns Maya's response to her childhood trauma. In Chapters 11 and 12, Maya is first molested, then raped, by Mr Freeman, her mom's one-time boyfriend, but her response to his violations is psychologically complex. Most (if not all) readers are likely to feel outrage and indignation from reading about Maya's rape, and yet, we face the task of understanding Maya's relative lack of outrage and indignation after what's happened to her. For one, why does it seem like she craves Mr Freeman's intimacy after he first touches her on the family bed? And why does she 'lie' about what Mr Freeman did at the court hearing for the rape case? Most curiously, why does she feel so guilty about an episode in which she was the victim? To unpack the emotional and psychological complexity behind Maya's actions, let's close read

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two key moments in the novel. How "it" all began – Chapter 11: "It didn't move" In Chapter 11, the narrator Marguerite recounts what happened to her one night when she felt something on her leg while sleeping in the same bed with her mom and Mr Freeman – a habit she acquired from having too many nightmares sleeping alone. One morning [mother] got out of bed for an early errand, and I fell asleep again. But I awoke to a pressure, a strange feeling on my left leg. It was too soft to be a hand, and it wasn't the touch of clothes. Whatever it was, I hadn't encountered the sensation in all the years of sleeping with Momma. It didn't move, and I was startled too. I turned my head a little to the left to see if Mr Freeman was awake and gone, but his eyes were open and both hands were above the cover. I knew, as if I had always known, it was his "thing" on my leg. In the first paragraph, the recurrence of the non-human pronoun – "it" – draws immediate attention to the inhumane, beastly nature of Mr Freeman's actions. It adds to the characterisation of Mr Freeman as an animal predator, one that "didn't move", but had its "eyes open" as if observing a prey with lustful hunger. As its "hands [hover] above the cover", the narrator notes the presence of its "thing", which marks out its territory of attack. Behaving more like a monster than a man, Mr Freeman 'morphs' into a beast with a brief, but important, shift in pronoun: 'he', in the moment, becomes no more than an 'it'. He said, "Just stay right here, Ritie, I ain't gonna hurt you." I wasn't afraid, a little apprehensive, maybe, but not afraid. Of course I knew that lots of people did "it" and they used their "things" to accomplish the deed, but no one I knew had ever done it to anybody. Mr Freeman pulled me to him, and put his hand between my legs. He didn't hurt, but Momma drilled into my head: "Keep your legs closed, and don't let nobody see your pocketbook." "It", however, also functions as a euphemism in Maya's reference to those who "did 'it'" by "us[ing] their 'things' to accomplish the deed". The fact that indirect reference is necessary suggests the shame associated with discussions of sex in Maya's community. This notion is reinforced by Momma's metaphor of the "pocketbook", which implies a woman's clitoris. But as with so many issues, manufactured silence and suppressed speech are often the taproot of human tragedy. For those who aren't comfortable with sexual references, feel free to skip the next paragraph – "Now, I didn't hurt you. Don't get scared." He threw back the blankets and his 'thing' stood up like a brown ear of corn. He took my hand and said, "Feel it." It was mushy and squirmy like the inside of a freshly killed chicken. Then he dragged me on top of his chest with his left arm, and his right hand was moving so fast and his heart was beating so hard that I was afraid that he would die. Ghost stories revealed how people who died wouldn't let go of whatever they were holding. I wondered if Mr Freeman died holding me how I would ever get free. Would they have to break his arms to get me loose? Here, the irony in Angelou's choice of domestic similes for the phallic organ ("like a brown ear of corn" and "like the insides of a freshly killed chicken") is worth considering for a deeper understanding of Maya's inner conflict. Corn and chicken – staple foods of the American South and sustenance for daily life – are compared to the male procreative (but also transgressive) organ, the possible idea being that the gulf between 'good' and 'bad' isn't as wide as one might think, and that perfectly natural things could lead to evil ends if fuelled by bad intentions. Meanwhile, the graphic brutality of a "freshly killed chicken" foreshadows Maya's violent rape by Mr Freeman in the

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next chapter. Finally he was quiet, and then came the nice part. He held me so softly that I wished he wouldn't ever let me go. I felt at home. From the way he was holding me I knew he'd never let me go or let anything bad ever happen to me. This was probably my real father and we had found each other at last. But then he rolled over, leaving me in a wet place and stood up. With Mr Freeman's detumescence comes Maya's dawning awareness of what just happened. Her comment – "Then came the nice part" – is one that drips with painful irony: as readers, we understand that the word "nice" reeks of sarcasm, because there is nothing 'nice' about the scene at all. A horrendous act of violation has just occurred, and home, a space that's supposed to symbolise safety and protection, has now become the most dangerous location for Maya. Holding one close, a gesture that's supposed to convey love, care and warmth, is in this context nothing more than the outlet of Mr Freeman's pedophilic perversion. The saddest thing about this moment, however, is a young child's struggle to distinguish between the embrace of real fatherly love and that of gross exploitative lust. This, then, shows that the blame for Maya becoming a victim of Mr Freeman's sexual abuse lies with her parents, too, as their neglectful parenting and cruel abandonment have led to the child's insecurity, self-doubt and self-loathing – all of which are qualities that have contributed to the immense confusion and guilt Maya feels towards the incident. This certainly isn't the easiest of passages to read, let alone analyse. But explicitness aside (notwithstanding Scholastic's designation of this book as suitable for Grades 9 – 12), it's an important moment for us to understand the origins of Maya's childhood trauma, without which the rest of her story wouldn't exist. Specifically, Angelou's poetic use of words allows us to feel the moral challenge not from the reader's privilege of distant remove, but rather, from that of an eight-year-old who's made to suffer in confusing silence. Confusion, not rage, is the key emotion. How "it" all happened – Chapter 12: "I thought I had died" In Chapters 12 and 13, we see Maya's rape at the hands of Mr Freeman, and her subsequent denial of the incident when asked to testify at court. There is a curious mix of nonchalance and melancholy in the description of a horrific process, in which Mr Freeman's exploitation of Maya's innocence rears its ugly head: [Mr Freeman] gave me the money and I rushed to the store and back to the house. After putting the milk in the icebox, I turned and had just reached the front door when I heard, "Ritie." He was sitting in the big chair by the radio. "Ritie, come here." I didn't think about the holding time until I got close to him. His pants were open and his "thing" was standing out of his britches by itself. "No, sir, Mr Freeman." I started to back away. I didn't want to touch that mushy-hard thing again, and I didn't need him to hold me any more. He grabbed my arm and pulled me between his legs. His face was still and looked kind, but he didn't smile or blink his eyes. Nothing. He did nothing, except reach his left hand around to turn on the radio without even looking at it. Over the noise of music and static, he said, "Now, this ain't gonna hurt you much. You liked it before, didn't you?" I didn't want to admit that I had in fact liked his holding me or that I had liked his smell or the hard heart-beating, so I said nothing. And his face became like the face of one of those mean natives the Phantom was always having to beat up. This idea of a girl or woman "liking" the intimacy offered by a man is so often the site of moral – and often, legal – contention, where one's physiological and psychological response meet at their most fuzzy edges. Does it make sense for the victim to also 'like' aspects of the viol

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1,024

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135

2,048

CommonCrawl

10

8

ation, even if she's aware that she's being violated? And does this then justify or excuse the perpetrator's actions? (No.) Can the victim feel confused about what or how she's supposed to respond at first, only to arrive at a more definitive impression of what had happened after the event? These aren't at all easy questions, or even questions that anyone can really answer with a claim to being 'right', which makes it all the more important for us to at least consider. Then comes the brutal moment – […] Then there was the pain. A breaking and entering when even the senses are torn apart. The act of rape on an eight-year-old body is a matter of the needle giving because the camel can't. The child gives, because the body can, and the mind of the violator cannot. The scriptural allusion to the needle and the camel recalls the saying 'the eye of a needle', and the biblical teaching that it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than it is for a rich man to go to Heaven. In the context of what's happening to Maya, Angelou emphasises the severe power imbalance between a young, vulnerable girl and a grown, imposing man, whose mind in that instant is bent on gratifying its transgressive desires. The child is forced to "give", partly because she's up against a Goliath too powerful to contend with, but partly out of a forced martyrdom which fate (or God?) has unfairly imposed on her. It's hard to miss the scathing, albeit understated, irony in the description that immediately follows this scene – I thought I had died – I woke up in a white-walled world, and it had to be heaven. But Mr Freeman was there and he was washing me. His hands shook, but he held me upright in the tub and washed my legs. "I didn't mean to hurt you, Ritie. I didn't mean it. But don't you tell… Remember, don't you tell a soul." I felt cool and very clean and just a little tired. "No, sir, Mr Freeman, I won't tell." I was somewhere above everything. What's incredibly sad about Maya's paradoxical statement – "I thought I had died" – is that she's really saying "I wish I had died", because then at least she wouldn't have to ever face up to the violation that's happened to her, and she'd be rid of her violator forever. But God, it appears, isn't as kind as the Bible makes him out to be. Instead, underneath all the suffering lies a burgeoning question of quiet outrage: what has this young girl done to deserve any of the abuse, pain and trauma – all of which are likely to stay with her for the rest of her life? Like so much of literature, the issue of theodicy comes to the fore, as suffering makes its mark yet again on those who least deserve it. Mr Freeman washes Maya out of his anxiety of being found out, but ironically, the 'blot' he has inflicted on her isn't anything he could ever wash away on the surface, or from her memory. How "it" all ended – Chapter 13: "I was eight, and grown" The court scene, far from being a moment which offers moral respite, reveals instead the tenuous foundations of the legal system, and the cruel schadenfreude that people are inclined to feel when they see others in suffering. The law itself doesn't always guarantee rightful vindication, nor does it necessarily uphold justice for all. The saying that people who have nothing to do become busybodies is not the only truth. Excitement is a drug, and people whose lives are filled with violence are always wondering where the next 'fix' is coming from. The court was filled. Some people even stood behind the churchlike benches in the rear. Overhead fans moved with the detachment of old men. Grandmother Baxter's clients were there in gay and flippant array. The gamblers in pin-striped suits and their makeup-deep women whispered to me out of blood-red mouths that now I knew as much as they did. I was eight, and grown. Even the nurses in the hospital had told me that now I had nothing to fear. "The

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0.663602

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1,024

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135

3,072

CommonCrawl

10

8

worst is over for you," they had said. So I put the words in all the smirking mouths. The paradox of being "eight, and grown" signals the aborted end of Maya's childhood. It's as if experiencing rape is a sort of unspoken, but understood, 'baptism' that all black women in the Stamps community must undergo to reach 'true' adulthood, and to see the world for the dark reality that it is. In lieu of real sympathy, the women around Maya reveal the cynical empathy of those who were once violated, and are now forced to live with the shame, helplessness and bitterness that came out of the suffering. The worst is over", they say, as if what's happened to Maya is a good thing – a rite of passage for any black girl who wishes to survive in a brutal world. Maya Angelou at Smith College in 1875 (Photo Credit: Smith College) The scene proceeds – I sat with my family ([my brother] Bailey couldn't come) and they rested still on the seats like solid, cold gray tombstones. Thick and forevermore unmoving. Poor My Freeman twisted in his chair to look empty threats over to me. He didn't know that he couldn't kill Bailey… and Bailey didn't lie… to me. "What was the defendant wearing?" That was Mr Freeman's lawyer. "You mean to say this man raped you and you don't know what he was wearing?" He snickered as if I had raped Mr Freeman. "Do you know if you were raped?" Unfortunately, Mr Freeman's lawyer is no Atticus Finch: his cross-examination is ludicrous and unfeeling. After all, it's hardly reasonable to expect an eight-year-old to "know" if she was raped (this concept being inherently adult in nature), or to expect anyone – child or adult – to be sharp enough in the course of a mental and physical struggle to notice what their transgressor was wearing. In Maya's world, the concept of legal protection, it seems, is no more than an oxymoronic lie. And those sitting in the audience aren't any better – A sound pushed in the air of the court (I was sure it was laughter). I was glad that Mother had let me wear the navy-blue winter coat with brass buttons. Although it was too short and the weather was typical St Louis hot, the coat was a friend that I hugged to me in the strange and unfriendly place. "Was that the first time the accused touched you?" The question stopped me. Mr Freeman had surely done something very wrong, but I was convinced that I had helped him to do it. I didn't want to lie, but the lawyer wouldn't let me think, so I used silence as a retreat. "Did the accused try to touch you before the time he or rather you say he raped you?" I couldn't say yes and tell them how he had loved me once for a few minutes and how he had held me close before he thought I had peed in my bed. My uncles would kill me and Grandmother Baxter would stop speaking, as she often did when she was angry. And all those people in the court would stone me as they had stoned the harlot in the Bible. And Mother, who thought I was such a good girl, would be so disappointed. But most important, there was Bailey. I had kept a big secret from him. "Marguerite, answer the question. Did the accused touch you before the occasion on which you claim he raped you?" Everyone in the court knew that the answer had to be No. Everyone except Mr Freeman and me. I looked at his heavy face trying to look as if he would have liked me to say No. I said No. The lie lumped in my throat and I couldn't get air. How I despised the man for making me lie. Old, mean, nasty thing. Old, black, nasty thing. The tears didn't soothe my heart as they usually did. I screamed, "Ole, mean, dirty thing, you. Dirty old thing." Our lawyer brought me off the stand and to my mother's arms. The fact that I had arrived at my desired destination by lies made it less appealing to me. Mr Freeman was given one year and one day, but

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he never got a chance to do this time. His lawyer (or someone) got him released that very afternoon. And release Mr Freeman gets, but in the form of death. Shortly after this moment, he gets "kicked to death" by Maya's uncles. Whether his murder is an example of poetic or vigilante justice is for readers themselves to judge, but the big question here is why Maya lies about whether Mr Freeman had touched her before the rape. Had she said yes, then Mr Freeman would be doubly implicated in his guilt, but equally, the lawyer would then interrogate her on why she didn't voice out the first time Mr Freeman had touched her. Because, the 'logic' often goes, if the perpetrator had touched you once and you didn't say anything then, surely that's a tacit approval for similar advances in the future? Here, that same confusion of imagining "he had loved me once for a few minutes", and that "he had held me close before he thought I had peed in my bed" crops up once again to cloud Maya's perception of the incident. Of course Mr Freeman hadn't "thought" she peed – he planted the lie in her head so that she wouldn't think it's his semen. But Maya, despite being rationally aware that what Mr Freeman had done was a "dirty… thing", continues to cling onto the hope that Mr Freeman was perhaps truly affectionate and fatherly – even if only "for a few minutes". It's not a full-blown case of Stockholm syndrome, but there are clear hints of it here. As such, she is made to think that it was more her fault than his that whatever had happened happened. Maya's tragedy, then, could be seen as a result of absent paternal love and an excessive anxiety about family and community judgement, both of which, Angelou suggests, could be exploited for unfortunate ends. What's remarkable about Angelou's portrayal of trauma, suffering and the loss of innocence is how she gets us to see Mr Freeman through the eyes of a child. From Maya's eight-year-old vantage (but narrated in a more grown-up, retrospective voice), we are encouraged to see her violator as a deeply fallen man rather than the devil incarnate. While this may be difficult to some extent, Angelou activates our sympathetic instincts before she does our moral judgment, and as such, pushes us to consider human nature and the vagaries of life on less 'black and white' terms. It is the book's ability to challenge us on these moral 'shades of grey', then, which makes I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings such a rewarding read, and one that's worth keeping on high school reading lists for a long time to come. KEY QUOTES 🌟from Maya Angelou's 'I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings' 'I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings isn't an easy book to read. Its difficulty lies not in the complexity of its language or the inaccessibility of its ideas, but in the rawness of its human presentation, delivered through the honesty of a voice which straddles childhood and adolescence. As an autobiographical novel, it's about Angelou's own childhood (among many other things), but it's arguably not a 'children's book', as the protagonist Maya recalls growing up with the trauma of abandonment and rape. Check out my latest post for a detailed analysis on key moments in the book! LINK IN BIO ☝️📚👌 #gcseenglishliterature #alevelenglishliterature #ibenglish #aqa #edexcel #englishliteraturestudent #englishliterature #american #fiction #modern #prose #metoo #mayaangelou #childhood #pain #trauma #autobiography #africanamericanhistory #iknowwhythecagedbirdsings A post shared by Miss Jen 👩‍🏫 (@hyperbolit) on Aug 17, 2020 at 2:56am PDT Reading or studying for other modern classic novels? Check out my other posts below! Why George Orwell's '1984' is such a timeless novel Why are books so dangerous?

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135

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CommonCrawl

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Q: WebMatrix Razor - Must declare the scalar variable "@0" I have been searching for two days now and can not figure this one out. I am new to using Razor. I keep getting the following error no matter what I try. Basically I am trying to pull data from a database and render a chart (works). Then I also want a drop down menu so the user can select a specific point to look at and have it render the new chart. Here is the top code: @{ var db = Database.Open("telecommConnectionString"); var data = db.Query("select distinct employees.cost_center, costcenters.costcenterdesc from dbo.invoices, dbo.employees, dbo.costcenters where invoices.emp_id = employees.emp_id and employees.supervisor = '11111111' and employees.cost_center = costcenters.costcenterid group by costcenterdesc,cost_center, bill_date"); var categories = data.Select(categorieslist =>new SelectListItem { Value = categorieslist.cost_center.ToString(), Text = categorieslist.costcenterdesc }); var filename="~MCCE2.jpg"; var cat = ""; if(!IsPost){ var dbdata = db.Query("select a.bill_date, a.costcenterdesc, a.total from (select invoices.bill_date, sum(invoices.total_current) as total, costcenters.costcenterdesc from dbo.invoices, dbo.employees, dbo.costcenters where invoices.emp_id = employees.emp_id and employees.supervisor = '11111111' and employees.cost_center = costcenters.costcenterid group by costcenterdesc, bill_date)a"); var myChart = new Chart(width: 800, height: 500, theme: ChartTheme.Blue) .AddTitle("Count of Employees by Carrier") .AddLegend() .DataBindCrossTable(dbdata, groupByField:"costcenterdesc", xField:"bill_date", yFields:"total") .Save(filename); } if(IsPost){ cat=Request.Form["costcenter"]; var dbdata = db.Query("select invoices.bill_date, sum(invoices.total_current) as total, costcenters.costcenterdesc from dbo.invoices, dbo.employees, dbo.costcenters where invoices.emp_id = employees.emp_id and employees.supervisor = '11111111' and employees.cost_center = costcenters.costcenterid and costcenters.costcenterid = @0 group by costcenterdesc, bill_date"); var myChart = new Chart(width: 800, height: 500, theme: ChartTheme.Yellow) .AddTitle("Count of Employees by Carrier") .AddLegend() .DataBindCrossTable(dbdata, groupByField:"costcenterdesc", xField:"bill_date", yFields:"total") .Save(filename); } } and here is my HTML to call the dropdown and chart: <form method="post" action="MCCE2"> Select Cost Center: @Html.DropDownList("costcenter", "--Choose Your Cost Center--", categories ) <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form> <p> </br> <img src="@Href(filename)" alt="@Href(filename)"/> Here is the error that I get no matter what I try: Exception Details: System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Must declare the scalar variable "@0". Line 32: var dbdata = db.Query("select invoices.bill_date, sum(invoices.total_current) as total, costcenters.costcenterdesc from dbo.invoices, dbo.employees, dbo.costcenters where invoices.emp_id = employees.emp_id and employees.supervisor = '11111111' and employees.cost_center = costcenters.costcenterid and costcenters.

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Join the hand-wound revolution! A new manual mechanical watch with exhibition caseback from Marloe Watch Company. 620 backers pledged £192,318 to help bring this project to life. Marloe Watch Company is an independent designer and producer of wrist watches based in Oxfordshire, England. They launched their first watch, the Cherwell, on Kickstarter in January 2016 to a fantastic reception. The company's values are strongly bound to tradition and design. And it's these values, along with a passion for timepieces, that inspired the creation of beautiful watches powered by manual, mechanical movements. As watches get smarter, and lives more complicated, there is a movement embracing the slow-living counter culture, going back to the simple things, celebrating tradition. So as the technology brands fight it out over who makes the smartest watch, Marloe is proudly going against the grain to create the most traditional of all watches - the hand-wound timepiece. The Lomond Chronoscope, from Marloe Watch Co. Following on from our successful debut Kickstarter for the Cherwell, Marloe Watch Company is delighted to announce their follow-up campaign for the Lomond Chronoscope. Named after one of Scotland's most famous Lochs, as well as countless cultural references, the Lomond expands the growing range of timepieces from MWC, which now includes the original Kickstarter campaign's Cherwell and the new smaller diameter Derwent. The Lomond Chronoscope is a manual mechanical wristwatch that includes a "stop-watch" feature, a ceramic bezel insert and exhibition case-back. It is 43mm in diameter x 11mm high (13.6mm to crystal zenith), 46.6mm tip-to-toe and has a 22mm strap-width. We wanted to create a timepiece with a foot in both the traditional and the contemporary; with a strikingly unique yet reassuringly familiar design. For the Lomond Chronoscope we kept some elements of our earlier designs whilst developing a timepiece that stands apart, not just within our own range but also within the market it exists. This is a more complex mechanical timepiece, offering both accurate timekeeping and time measurement, therefore the design needs to reflect the need for additional information, whilst remaining true to our core belief of essentials only, clutter free design. The Lomond Chronoscope comes in 4 colour-ways, split into Classic and Vintage aesthetics. For the Classics there's a White and Grey dial, both with a Telemeter scale matt ceramic bezel. For the Vintage models, there's a Coffee and Vanilla dial with a simple 60 second scale polished ceramic bezel. The Classic White dial features the same pearlescent white paint from the Cherwell but applied to a sandblasted surface to give a beautiful paper like texture with a semi-metallic sheen. The main printed markings are dark grey with red accents and the hour blocks are polished to match the hands - a classic combination. The Classic White has mirror polished main and sub-dial hands with a painted dark grey Chronoscope hand to match the outer markings. The case, crown & pushers are mirror polished with a matt black ceramic bezel, Telemeter scale engraved and paint-filled white. The Classic White is fitted with a bold orange leather strap. The Classic Grey is bold and refined. The dial is a charcoal grey, applied to a sandblasted surface to give a beautiful paper-like matt / semi-pearlescent finish. The main printed markings are in white with red accents, and the hour blocks are polished to match the hands. The case, crown & pushers are bead-blasted, and the bezel matt black ceramic with white filled engraving for a wonderfully tactile utility feel. The polished hands contrast the dark grey dial to assist in quick time-reading. The Classic Grey is adorned with a matching dark grey leather strap. Striking. Different. The Vintage Coffee has a luscious deep brown, almost black dial colour. In one light it appears a glossy inky black, helped with the reflection from the crystal. In another light and angle it's a flat espress

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o brown. The main printed markings are a combination of vintage cream with red and white accents; polished hour blocks match the polished hands. The sub-dials feature a turned brass aesthetic complementing the markings, with a vintage cream Chronoscope hand completing the look. The case is polished to a mirror shine, with matching crown and pushers. The Vintage cases feature a polished black ceramic bezel with a 60 second gradation scale engraved and paint-filled white. The Vintage Coffee is fitted with a black leather strap, contrasting white stitching and brass rivets to compliment the sub-dials. If the Classic White dial is just too classic, and you want something subtly different, the Vintage Vanilla is the one for you. A beautiful vanilla pearlescent dial shimmers in the changing light, from deep warm grey in lower light to a bright radiating off-white in lighter environments. A combination of vintage cream and dark grey accents keep the dial subtle yet still easily readable. Dark grey painted hour blocks stand proud from the lower surface. Polished main and sub-dial hands match up with a dark grey Chronoscope hand to tie everything together. The case is again polished with matching crown and pushers, with the deep glossy inky black ceramic bezel with engraved white markings. The Vintage Vanilla is strapped with dark brown leather, contrast white stitching and brass rivets to complete the vintage range. The Special Edition dial features the same pearlescent white paint from the Classic White dial and applied to a sandblasted surface to give the same beautiful paper like texture with a semi-metallic sheen. The sub-dials are the inverse of the dial, or Panda as it's called. The outer ring minute markings are red, with dark grey 1/5th seconds markings. The hour blocks are polished to match the hands, as are the main and sub-dial hands, whereas the Chronoscope hand is painted red to match the outer markings. The case, crown & pushers are mirror polished with a matt black ceramic bezel, Telemeter scale engraved and paint-filled white. The Special Edition is fitted with a matching Grey leather strap. Please note - the Special Edition imagery is for illustration purposes only. The dial is yet to go into production so we do not have any further images at this time. For more shots of all designs, please visit our shared album. The movement within the Lomond is a special one; it has history. Originally developed by Fabrique d'Ebauches Venus S.A in the 1940's, the Venus 175 was used in many high-end timepieces, most notably by Breitling. Soon this 175 Caliber was copied by a Russian firm and came to be known as the Strela. When Venus decided that they wanted to develop a new movement, the 180, they went looking for buyers for their Venus 175 caliber. The Soviets didn't want it - they had their cloned Strela movement, but the Chinese just so happened to be looking for a movement to install in a new pilot's watch for their air force. Venus sold everything to the Chinese - machinery included. After the war the caliber soon filtered down to consumer watches and has ultimately become the Seagull ST19. In part, due to the history and background, the ST19 still shares the robustness and accuracy of the Venus 175, which is why we've chosen it for the Lomond Chronoscope. The case has been designed with a few goals - firstly to cradle the complicated mechanical movement efficiently, presenting its visual complexity and remaining as slim as possible. The second was to design a case that sits beautifully on the wrist, tucks neatly under a shirt or cuff and is easy to operate when wrist-borne. Third the case was to feel robust and solid but not overly cumbersome. The result is a case tapering from a diameter of 38mm at the case-back, to 43mm at the edges of the static bezel. At 11mm deep, the case sits unobtrusively on the wrist. With the lugs bending downwards, coupled with the restrained 46.

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6mm top-to-toe measurement, the Lomond sits comfortably on the wrist. The signature crown and Chronoscope pushers are supported with small flats which mould out from the case seamlessly, with the bezel nestled within a thin steel frame. Few things go together better than polished stainless steel and black ceramic. Whilst steel is inherently surgical and clean, ceramic has a depth and warmth that other treated or coated materials can't replicate - it's also incredibly strong in compression and remarkably scratch resistant. We have chosen to use both matt and polished black ceramic for our Lomond range, and they do a great job of proportioning out the dial and case to keep the Lomond from feeling too big. The hidden gem, the resplendent secret. There's something palpable about a reaction to the Lomond Chronoscope's exhibition case-back, when turned over to reveal the open window to the heart within. The oscillating balance wheel and hairspring gently bouncing back and forth; the three central wheels all moving in sync; the warm shimmer of gold, blue and ruby all encapsulated under the sapphire crystal case-back. It all adds up to a visual spectacle unlike most others. Perimeter printing on the underside of the crystal reveals a few details whilst adding its own interest; an inverse print of transparent text within a black border. A true showpiece, hidden when in use but gloriously revealed at your choosing. A quote from poet and lyricist, Robert Burns, from his 1790 narrative poem, Tam o' Shanter, continues the Scottish inspiration for the Lomond. "Nae man can tether time or tide" Our watches need input from you to keep them alive - that's the joy of manual winding movements; turning the crown keeps the engine ticking. For the Lomond Chronoscope the crown retains the outline form and scalloped & engraved end-cap from the Cherwell, but halves the number of grooves in the surface to compliment the more contemporary design, whilst keeping the grip required to turn it. The crown features a double o-ring construction allowing a tight seal to be formed against any rogue splashes. Acrylic Crystal. Robust, durable and repairable; it's something of a touchy subject in the watch world. For some the relative susceptibility to scratches is a negative. We think not - it may take a scuff easier than say mineral or sapphire crystal, but unlike the latter two options, acrylic crystals can be polished to remove these scratches easily. It doesn't matter if it's 1 day old or 1 year old; a dab of Polywatch or swipe of a Cape-Cod cloth and the crystal can be refreshed to brand new. Acrylic also has a warm, vintage aesthetic that just can't be replicated with other forms of crystal. It's also light, can be moulded in to pretty much any shape and is easily replaceable. Sapphire crystal was explored but the cost to produce this custom profile would have significantly impacted the affordability, and a redesign to allow for standard double-domed sapphire crystal would have made the Lomond significantly thicker - a compromise too far. The Lomond crystal achieves a few things. Firstly, it limits the height of the watch by having a top-hat style profile - tall at the edges, flat in the middle. We've put a large radius on the outer edge that directly coincides with the Chronoscope track below, resulting in a wonderful magnifying effect. This elongates the minute markers from the outer Chronoscope track, whilst disguising the smaller 1/5th second markers. This not only makes reading the time at a glance exceptionally easy, but it adds an extra element of dynamic when you rotate the timepiece around and watch the light refraction play off the surface. The dial continues the standout feature of our Cherwell design, with a double layered dial and sharply recessed sub-dials. The metal hour blocks are positioned to extend out from the upper level, adding a sharp metallic line in amongst the beautiful pearlescent paint. Markings are kept to essentials and the functions separated with the 2 layers. The bottom, outer layer features the Chronoscope seconds track, with each second segmented 5 times to capture

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the 1/5th second accuracy. The upper layer has minimal markings, with only small pips of Superluminova to point you towards the hours. A double pip at 12 helps with orientation in the twilight. The sub-dials are framed with the corresponding markings for the function - the running seconds sub-dial has 60 markings, with 4 bolder markings at the main quadrants. The 30 minute timer has 30 markings, with bolder markings at each 5 minute interval. Within the sub-dials are numerals for ease of reference. Legibility is essential, which is why the Lomond has simple polished hands, infilled with Superluminova. A long, thin, counter-weighted Chronoscope second-hand is poised ready for action, the tip coated with Superluminova. The sub-dials use the same polished hands from the Cherwell, a nod to its predecessor. When day turns to night you want to still be able to read the time, so the Lomond Chronoscope features Superluminova C3 on the hands and dial. Small pips arrayed around the upper level at the hourly markers make time-telling quick and easy - a double pip at 12 o'clock orients the watch easily. The Chronoscope hand features a lume tip. Both hour and minute hands are infilled with Superluminova C3. We wanted a bold set of straps to match the bold design of the Lomond, and as such we have 4 straps - 2 for the Classics, 2 for the Vintage. The Classic models get a padded orange and a grey strap using genuine calf leather with embossed croc texture. The Vintage models have brass rivets through genuine brown and black calf leather, with a lovely bold grain and contrasting stitching. Generously thick at 4mm. All straps feature a engraved buckle, displaying the MWC crown icon, and soft lining leather with embossed logos. Our Lomond straps also have quick release spring-bars to allow for quick and easy strap changes. You can read more about the Lomond Chronoscope in an exclusive review by Worn&Wound. If Junghans ever produced a sports chronograph under the Max Bill line, I can't help but imagine this isn't too far off from what that might be. All in all, they nailed it. Inspired by our original Cherwell box, we've designed a single tier box especially for the Lomond. Made from 3mm cardboard and wrapped in sumptuous Fedrigoni paper, the box contains a single tray with its own precision-milled dense foam cavity to hold your Lomond securely in place. The box is imprinted with a clear foil logo and finished with a pristine band with our embossed crown icon. Inside you'll find a traditional letter-pressed insert telling you a little more about the Lomond. The full retail price for the Lomond will be £449/$559. We will not be selling the Lomond in retail until all Kickstarter rewards have been shipped. Upon the conclusion of the Kickstarter campaign we will be sending out a survey where you will indicate which colour option(s) you would like and confirm your shipping address as well as other relevant details. We will ship the Lomond Chronoscope worldwide, with the exception of: Argentina, Belarus, Cuba, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Myanmar/Burma, North Korea, Russia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen. Please note that you may be responsible for duties, fees and taxes applicable in your region. We expect to start fulfilling orders in October 2017. While we do not expect this deadline to move, it is possible that the estimated shipment month may shift. If at any time you would like an update, please either check the "Updates" section of our Kickstarter Campaign, or feel free to email us at hello@marloewatchcompany.com. We stand firmly behind our products. Each Marloe watch includes a 1-year limited warranty. For more information please see www.marloewatchcompany.com. If you have questions at any time, during or after the campaign has concluded, you can always reach us at hello@marloewatchcompany.com

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Overview: This ought to be fun. It's a collection of stories, long and short, in the three sides of urban fantasy. The editors and writers have included essays on the different sides of urban fantasy. Useful for those, like me, that have barely scratched the surface. Let's get on with the stories, shall we? Overview: It's a musical journey for John. The journey starts when he meets Willie for Open Stage night at the Orpheus. Willie dresses in an old-fashioned way, has plenty of advise about music to offer, and seems otherworldly at times. Likes: Good switch Ms. Bull. I could have sworn that Willie was a vampire. But the clues to his identity were well placed. Biggest hint: music, singing…hint, hint. Conclusion: I liked this one. It was fun. Overview: Wow. Maida and Zia, part of the Cousins as they call themselves, have gotten themselves caught up in human affairs. Well Maida has anyway. Promises are sacred to the Cousins, and she has made a doozy. Oh, did I mention that it's to a ghost? Likes: This story explains a lot of how family relationships work. Maddy's death was open to your interpretation. But it was Donnie and their mother that I felt for the most. Every family has feelings like this, and it's nice to see it being portrayed as just the way it is. Conclusion: As close as this is to a true depiction of mother and child, this will be a 'love it or hate it' story. I enjoyed it , even though it was sad. Overview: Um, what was this? I have no idea where we were going here. All I know is it's all 30 minutes away. Conclusion: I didn't like this one. It was confusing. This is the second time something from Mr. Gaiman just confused me, so I'll count my losses with his works. Overview: This starts out like a bad joke. A guy picks up Jesus and the Devil. It wasn't a funny one either. Conclusion: This is another one that I didn't care for. Jesus wasn't portrayed in the best light. And I'm not talking about the smoking and drinking either. Overview: What do you get when an artist with a magical background finds a tapestry that shows something that she doesn't like? Hang on for Julie here. Likes: This was kind of cool. A teacup unicorn, the joy of all little girls. Or was that just me? The ending was sweet. Conclusion: I liked this one. Julie's grandmother must have been one scary woman to disobey. This ends the "Mythic Fiction" sub-genre. We go to "Paranormal Romance" next. Overview: Mary is worried. Edric has seemed to close himself away from her. And she fears he might be cheating on her. Conclusion: This is a cautionary tale. I'm not sure what to make of this one. All I do know is that the relationship could never work under the guidelines both parties put it under. Overview: Tanya and Nathan have bought a supposedly haunted house. Haunted bed and breakfasts are considered to be all the rage these days. Not that Tanya has bought any of those stories. So why are there so many freaky occurrences with Nathan at the center? Likes: I like haunted house stories. This one is no different. Tanya's fear is quite understandable. The ending now, that was the real kicker. Conclusion: Isn't karma something? I liked this one. Overview: Oh my. Young love, or more like teen love. A teenager with his witch and the last night of summer. Likes: It was a pretty neat story. A guy bringing out the beauty he sees in a woman. It just got a little weird when you find out Johnny's secret. Conclusion: What comes around, goes around. Why can't anyone get this? I liked this one. Overview: Kitty just wants a New Year's kiss. Is that too much to ask? When a woman in a stupor shows up at the party, it's up to Kitty to figure out what's wrong with her. The joys of having a supernatural call-in program. L

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ikes: Kitty's research on zombies was kind of fun to follow. And the way that they were able to help Beth was sweet. Conclusion: I liked the character of Kitty, not so sure about reading her story any further though. I did like this story. Overview: Tom is searching for Jon, his brother both in blood and in blue. To aid his search, he is sent to Moira to help him. Since the group that has Jon is called the Samhaim Coven, he needs a witch's help. Good thing Moira isn't scared. Likes: Tom is my kind of guy. He doesn't care what he has to do to get the job done. Let him watch my back. Conclusion: I liked this one. Maybe I ought to find more on Patricia Briggs. Overview: Would you take out a repentant vampire for the chance of ultimate forgiveness? That's what Anthony has been offered. Did I mention that the hit takes place in the Vatican? Conclusion: I didn't like this one. God doesn't play these games. Overview: We have another werewolf story. One about young teens. Conclusion: This one is just sick. I'm pretty freaked out by the main character. I hated it. Overview: A woman's son was eaten by zombies. So she's out to help others threatened by them. The only question is, was Max really eaten by zombies? Conclusion: Have I mentioned how little I like unreliable narrators? I think it's the feeling of being lied to. This is just one reason I didn't care for the story. The other reason is how Ms. Block referred to those with the slightest conservative slant. This ends our trip through "Paranormal Romance." All in all, it wasn't a bad trip. We're starting the "Fantasy Noir" next. Overview: Another bipartisan story with an unreliable narrator. Tawana is worried about vampires attacking the Somali refugees in Minneapolis. Conclusion: Why is it that there is no backlash when the liberals start preaching in their stories? C.S. Lewis is still taking flack for "The Chronicles of Narnia." Preaching, of any kind, isn't much fun to read. I didn't like this one. Overview. This is different. Here we have Gestella, a werewolf who falls in love with a man named Jonathan. Conclusion: This story was awful. Between the second person point-of-view and the ending, well it made for terrible reading, and made no sense. Especially since the ending made the story void. There are more stories in the "Fantasy Noir" section, but this is where I stop. Over all Conclusion: After 'Gestella,' I bummed out on the anthology. Out of twenty stories seven were good, eight I couldn't stand, and five I couldn't read. I did look up the last five stories, and found that "Fantasy Noir" really isn't my style. Maybe, you will like it better. Overview: Nicholas Drummond, a man with dual citizenship–his mother was an American actress, his father is British nobility I think–, is coming into his probationary period with the FBI. Too bad it starts out with such a bang. A rare book dealer is murdered in the middle of Wall Street. Then the man's children disappear. Story Telling: This was a well written story. Many things were hidden in plain sight and made for a fun read. Likes: A lot of my likes came from Zachary. He was supposed to be the boss, and he managed to keep a real smart mouth. Nigel's relationship with Nicholas reminded me more of friends instead of employer/employee. Mike has the perfect job for here. It seemed like she was getting pretty high there at some points. Dislikes: The only real problem that I had with the book was Josef, Leo, and William's side story. For the most part, it could have been combined into a prologue as much of the information lead into the main story, yet didn't give too much away. Favorite Scene: My favorite part was how Nicholas and Mike were able to rescue Adam. I'd have loved to see the looks on the operators' faces when that signal went out. Conclusion: This really was a fun

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trip. Hopefully the next one won't book as international. Not that this one was too bad, it was basically America and England. I wonder what's next in Nicholas's and Mike's lives. I received this book courtesy of Mrs. Harris for the purpose of a fair and honest review. Overview: Keith Brown has been offered a deal of the century. Valerie Scovall, a judge now but a lawyer several years ago, has hired him to find out what happened to two men who ran a Surrogate program, Lake Shore Parenting Group, quite a few years a ago. Was it murder or an accident. Story Telling: For the most part, this story was told in a first person point-of-view in Keith's perspective. There is one scene that is a bit jarring though. It's when Keith and Valerie meet. The scene is in first person, up until Keith walks in Valerie's office, then it switches to third person so to describe Keith. Likes: Keith's doggedness is to be admired. Dislikes: This is a drama filled story. One that suffers from somebody trying to be too politically correct. For fun see if you can identify the gay, black, white, and liberal characters. Really the worst part is that for a mystery, there wasn't many mysterious thing happening. Where was the intrigue, the clues being dropped, the investigation of the murders? Conclusion: It's not going to be to everyone's tastes. Hope you like listening to drama queens when you pick this one up. I received this book courtesy of Mrs. Bean for a fair and honest review. Overview: Oh no! The Sun went down and never came back. What are Kaylee, Mattie, Lily, and Fran to do? Try to get it back of course. Story Telling: The story was written to attract young readers. Mrs. Bean is rhyming in a similar vein as Dr. Seuss. Likes: The pace of the story combined with the charming illustrations make this an immersive book for most children. Dislikes: The book gives an inaccurate portrait of why children don't go out to play anymore. It's not because of the games or the internet. Most parents won't send their children outside in such dangerous places. Are you going to let a child go out to play with the risks that (s)he'll be snatched or caught in a drive by? No sane person would. I agree that children need more exercise and playtime, but it's a new day dawning and more care needs to be taken. Favorite Scene: My favorite part was when the girls came up with a plan to talk to the Moon and bring back the Sun. Conclusion: This is a cute idea. I'd read it and explain why going outside is to be a planned excursion with a parent or guardian around. I received this book courtesy of Mr. Cornelison for the purpose of a fair and honest review. Overview: Mr. Cornelison, one half of the Cornelison team on Season 13 of 'The Biggest Loser,' wishes to show us how Go used a reality show to change his life. So basically, it's a memoir. Story Telling: Remember what I said about the overuse of italics in the last book? This one was loaded with them. Needless to say, it was a slow read. Likes: There were nice summarizing points at the end of each chapter. Dislikes: I didn't care for all of the italics. There must be a better way for emphasis. Nor did I care for the Christian vie of weight gain. Please tell me where in the Bible God says "Thou shalt not be fat." Or, even better, which Biblical group had a problem with Jesus being a glutton? Favorite Scene: I like how Mr. Cornelison spent the time with his son. Conclusion: You'll probably like this one if you liked 'The Biggest Loser.' Personally, I never have watched the show, nor do I wish to start, but to each his own. I received this book courtesy of Mr. Flynn for the purpose of a fair and honest review. Overview: Mr. Flynn wants to let us in on a little secret. What's the secret you ask? It's that with the help of your family and the right frame of mind, you can live with anything and keep a positive attitude. It isn'

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A lot of people desire to make money in real estate but lose all they have because they didn't have the proper knowledge. Thankfully, you came across this great article filled with lots of tips from Phil Pustejovsky, a real estate expert. This will show you the right way to invest. Read on for some excellent advice on real estate investing. Always familiarize yourself with property values in the area. Knowing what the rent and mortgage if other properties is will give you a better idea of what the value of your property is. Once you have a good understanding of the street level conditions, you can make wiser decisions. Read more at www.freedommentors.com. Your investments should never tap into your emergency funds. Understand that when you invest in real estate, your money may not be readily available. This is a state of affairs that could go on for a number of years. Make sure that it does not have a negative impact on your everyday life. Be prepared for good and bad times when investing in real estate. You must not be discourage by these lulls in the market. Just stay persistent to find success. Push forward, learn more from blogs like Freedom Mentor, and always keep trying so that you can accomplish your goals. Tips like these can help you do well with real estate investing. Review these tips often to gain additional investing skills, and you will surely reap the rewards. You can also spend some money on commercial real estate investing coaching to expand your knowledge. Let others know what you have learned so that they will be able to profit as well. Location is crucial. The condition of a property can be corrected; however, the location cannot be changed. You want to pay close attention to other properties in that area and see if the house prices have been inflating or deflating. Know what you are doing and make sure to research the areas around where you live. Don't purchase property in neighborhoods with crime issues. Be mindful of the area in which a prospective property is. Do all of your homework in advance. Homes in bad neighborhoods are often low-priced. You might have trouble reselling, and vandalism may be problematic. Don't invest more than you can afford. If you are investing in rental property, you should be able to pay the mortgage even if there are empty units. It's not smart to expect your rental income to pay your mortgage payment. Connect with other investors in real estate. Find out what tips and tricks they have learned along the way. It can be a great way to increase your personal knowledge. A great way to find some is by using the internet. Find forums to be active on and find meetings in your area. You must consider location when you look at real estate. Even a ramshackle property can be a wise investment if it is located well. Think about the location and its potential. Be sure that you get advice from experts. Before bidding on a property, talk to someone experienced in real estate. Speak to appraisers or agents, for instance. The more knowledge you have, the better choices you can make. If you are moving toward making real estate investing a career or a way to bring in extra money, jump in and start learning right away. Procrastination is a big mistake in the real estate market. Waiting around does nothing to build your knowledge and experience base. When calculating profits, always factor in the costs of repairs that the inspection dictated as necessary. You will have to make most general repairs before selling a property. If you want to rent the property to someone, you have to think about how much maintenance will be. Just make sure to give yourself a cushion when calculating potential profits. First, inspect the neighborhood. Does it look like everybody is leaving? Talk to your potential new neighbors and ask what the area is like. Next, look at the land. If you notice that the yard is on a downwards slope towards the property, the foundations could be affected by rain water. Noticing bad smells, both in and out of the property is problematic too. Bugs and insects are a bad sign as well. If there have been bugs or insects, people in the street are likely to know about it, so ask them. Next, it is time to look at how the property was treated by the current owners. Find out whether it was maintained properly. If you notice that there is a lack of structural maintenance on the outside, the inside will probably be the same. Check the wiring as well. Real issues can only be identified by a qualified professional, but you can get a good idea yourself. If

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lights flicker or outlets are warm, there is a chance that the wiring is faulty. Similarly, if you notice that there is a single wall, or just a few walls that have been painted very recently, where others haven't, the owners may be hiding something. Next, look closely at the windows. Look at whether the windows have mold or condensation or are hard to open; this could be a sign of expensive problems.If an owner declares certain rooms as "off limit", then go find a different home to buy. Additionally, if you notice that any structural work has been done, such as the removal of walls or floors, you need to find out whether that work was done properly by a qualified architect. Basically, you should not purchase a property that has not gone through a professional inspection. With the information above, you should be able to tell whether or not you might want to hire a professional inspector, or whether it is a clear no on the purchase. If the property does have problems, you can decide to walk away from it, or you can demand a substantial discount in order to pay for the repairs. Also, always trust the advice of home inspectors. Home inspectors will tell you honestly whether or not a certain property is worth investing in. The reason why you are selling a property will have a huge effect on the price you end up getting for it. As such, even if you are simply looking for a quick sale, do also try to be motivated by profit, as this will help you get a higher price. To get your home sold at the best possible price, there are a few things you should do. First of all, you have to decide why you want to sell. You need to know your motivation, as it will also help you to determine what your available resources (effort, money and time) are. For instance, wanting a quick sale and wanting a huge profit are two incredibly different things. You have to get to know your home's pros and cons. Make sure that all the good things are highlighted and try to conceal the bad things as much as possible. Do make sure that you get someone to help you find out about all the good and bad points. It is very hard to see the bad in something that you have called home for so long. Unfortunately, you are also driven by your own emotions. As such, ask someone else what they believe the pros and cons of your property to be. You could either hire a professional, or you could simply ask people you know for their opinion. A professional costs money, but the opinion of friends could sting, so do consider which option is the best. Hopefully, the above information will have given you the knowledge you need to make a quick sale at a good price. Clearly, there is no need for you to invest a great deal of money, nor do you have to be an expert in anything. They are all simple, common sense actions that make a huge impact. Happy selling and good luck. Your realtor's experience is one of the most important things to look into. Usually, realtors with more experience are also better at their job. If you can, try to find a realtor who has worked all the way through the economic crisis and still works now. Next, make sure that the experience they have is relevant to your own needs. Someone who wants to flip properties, for instance, will have very different needs to someone who wants to find a home to raise a family in. You also need to know that your realtor understands your demographic and geographical requirements. For example, if you want to become a rancher, you need to find a realtor that is able to understand the different types of land, how it has been produced and what the homestead is like. Similarly, if you were hoping to purchase a listed or historic property, you will need someone that understands the laws and regulations surrounding those properties. Don't work with the realtor of the owners of the property you are planning to purchase. By law, the realtor will have to pass on any information you give to the seller as well. Similarly, if you want to sell, you also need a different realtor. You should work with someone that represents just you. The first thing you should try is ask people you know whether they can recommend anybody to you. Another place to look for a good realtor is the NAR (National Association of Realtors. Finding a NAR realtor means that you are guaranteed to be represented ethically and professionally. You should always try to contact different realtors before choosing one. You should discuss your needs with them, finding out what kind of suggestions they offer. These conversations can help you determine just how much a realtor knows about a specific neighborhood,

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house prices and so on. If you want to sell your home, find out how the realtor has done in the past. What you must find out is whether they tend to sell below, on or above the asking price. In most cases, if you want to sell your property, your agent will require you to sign an exclusivity agreement. This is a common procedure but it does not mean you lose any rights. For example, if you realtor does not represent you properly, you can always terminate the contract. All it means is that you are only able to work with a single agent at the same time. As a buyer, you do not have to sing such an agreement. However, some realtors are starting to insist on it. Last but not least, you need to understand the way realtors earn their living. Realtors can earn their money in a variety of different ways. In most cases, you will find that a realtor is paid a commission on the final sale price of the property, but some work on flat fees. Before you agree to work with a realtor, therefore, you must understand which one of the two constructions they work with. It is always a good idea to enlist the services of a realtor, whether you are buying or selling. Although most of us know at least one person who works as a realtor, don't be tempted to automatically go to them as they may not be the best to represent your needs. Let's review two issues of importance when it comes to choosing a realtor. Firstly, you should find out how experienced your realtor is. Usually, realtors with more experience are also better at their job. The best realtors got into the business before the recent economic crisis and are still working today. However, you also have to make sure that they have experience pertinent to your own needs. Someone who wants to flip properties, for instance, will have very different needs to someone who wants to find a home to raise a family in. The second thing you need to know if how much of an expert they are in terms of the geography and demographics you require. For example, those who want to purchase a ranch will need a realtor that understands soil conditions and production methods and who can also look into the homestead that comes with the ranch. If, on the other hand, you want to purchase a listed building or a historic property, you will need someone that has a very different type of experience. Once you have looked into experience, you must review the realtor's reputation as well. It is easy enough to find a realtor that has a really bad name, unfortunately. There are a number of tools at your disposal to find a good realtor, fortunately. Be sure to check the Better Business Bureau in terms of finding out how good the realtor is. Do make sure you also use social media to your advantage. It is very difficult to censor anything that appears on social media, meaning you can easily get your hands on honest reviews. Do also ask the opinion of people you know. Do make sure, however, that you look into any complaints you here and how these apply to you, and whether the realtor has been able to resolve them satisfactorily. Usually, seller's realtors will ask you sign an exclusive agreement with them. This is completely normal, but it doesn't mean you don't have rights. If, for example, you feel you are being poorly represented, you are allowed to terminate the contract. All the contract really prohibits is for you to work with more than one agent at the same time. Buyers, on the other hand, usually do not have to sign these contracts. However, there is a changing facing in the world and many now ask their buying clients to sign a contract as well. Realtors have to earn a living and you need to understand just how they do that. Realtors can earn their money in a variety of different ways. Although there are a few realtors who charge a flat fee, the majority of them will work on commission. Before you agree to work with a specific realtor, you have to find out which type of payment construction they opt for. Real estate investing can be both a complete failure or a complete success. Everybody believes that location, location, location is what matters the most, but it is actually more important to know who you are dealing with. Unfortunately, there are some really unscrupulous people in the world of real estate. Think of the people you see on late night television, who promise to make you a millionaire. Also, make sure that your investment isn't too risky. Although there is always a risk in real estate, some options are higher risk than others. Avoid ten

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Cougars to face Tennessee High on Friday By MASON CLARK This week will be very unique for Cougar football. We will be facing an opponent that we have never played before on the gridiron. In the 48 years of Cougar football, we have faced a total of 69 different opponents, from four different states, and the District of Columbia. We will face our 70th different opponent on Friday night, when the Tennessee High Vikings from Bristol, Tennessee will be welcomed to Dobson Stadium. There are some long streaks that will be broken on Friday night. It will be our first out-of-state opponent since 2000, when we played Bluefield (WV). It will also be our first time playing an opponent from Tennessee since 1996, when we beat Science Hill 38-13. We are 35-10 all-time against out-of-state opponents. That includes 2-1 against teams from the Volunteer State: a 27-0 win over Sullivan North in 1980, a 27-24 loss to Science Hill in 1995, and a 38-13 win over Science Hill in 1996. But that will matter little on Friday, when we face off with a team we've never seen before. Tennessee Preview Tennessee High School's sports teams are called the Vikings. The school has been playing football since 1911. They have two Tennessee state championships: 1971 and 1972. They went undefeated both years, 12-0 and 13-0, and after the 1972 season, USA Today crowned them as the number one high school football team in the nation. Interestingly, the Radford Bobcats won back-to-back state titles and went undefeated both years in 1971 and 1972 as well. The Vikings are coming off a disappointing 3-7 campaign last season. We were slated to play them last year, but they had COVID issues the week of the game and it got cancelled. But it appears we will finally play them for the first time. From what I've been able to find, Tennessee High runs some different formations and looks on offense. At least they did in their first game. They did lose 31-0 in week one, but to Dobyns-Bennett, a Tennessee powerhouse. The Vikings ran some splitback veer, similar to some of the Cougar offense, but out of different formations, and some spread formations more like what last year's Cougars did. They will be hungry and eager to shake off their first game, so expect a determined team to line up across from the Cougars on Friday. Surprisingly, Tennessee High is eerily similar to PCHS football over the past few years. In 2017, they went 6-5, Pulaski County went 6-4. In 2018, THS finished 8-4, exactly the same as PCHS. In 2019 the Vikings finished 9-2, while the Cougars finished 9-3. Then in the 2020-21 season, Tennessee High finished 4-4, and the Cougars finished 4-3. And last year, both teams had disappointing seasons, THS going 3-7, PCHS going 4-6. The Vikings are 30-22 over the past five seasons. The Cougars are 31-20. That is quite strange for two teams to be so close record wise over a five-year period. Also, like Pulaski County, the Tennessee High Vikings have a proud tradition, and the program has lots of pride within it, with great history, but also looking to get back to the top, just as we are. After a great night last week, continuing to get better and staying focused will be important. The team we will face on Friday will be better, and probably much better, than Northside was. Chris Gallimore had a fine game on Friday with 115 total yards (2/4 passing 35 yards, 80 rush yards 2 TD), and will look to continue the good start he's off to. Trevor Burton will also look to keep up the momentum he started last week, racking up 113 all-purpose yards and 2 touchdowns last week.

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What is the Achilles Tendon? A tendon is a band of tissue that connects a muscle to a bone. The Achilles tendon runs down the back of the lower leg and connects the calf muscle to the heel bone. Also called the "heel cord," the Achilles tendon facilitates walking by helping to raise the heel off the ground. What is an Achilles Tendon Rupture? An Achilles tendon rupture is a complete or partial tear that occurs when the tendon is stretched beyond its capacity. Forceful jumping or pivoting, or sudden accelerations of running, can overstretch the tendon and cause a tear. An injury to the tendon can also result from falling or tripping. Achilles tendon ruptures are most often seen in "weekend warriors" – typically, middle-aged people participating in sports in their spare time. Less commonly, illness or medications, such as steroids or certain antibiotics, may weaken the tendon and contribute to ruptures. A person with a ruptured Achilles tendon may experience one or more of the following: Sudden pain (which feels like a kick or a stab) in the back of the ankle or calf – often subsiding into a dull ache A popping or snapping sensation Swelling on the back of the leg between the heel and the calf Difficulty walking (especially upstairs or uphill) and difficulty rising up on the toes These symptoms require prompt medical attention to prevent further damage. Until the patient is able to see a doctor, the "R.I.C.E." method should be used. This involves: Rest. Stay off the injured foot and ankle, since walking can cause pain or further damage. Ice. Apply a bag of ice covered with a thin towel to reduce swelling and pain. Do not put ice directly against the skin. Compression. Wrap the foot and ankle in an elastic bandage to prevent further swelling. Elevation. Keep the leg elevated to reduce the swelling. It should be even with or slightly above heart level. In diagnosing an Achilles tendon rupture, the foot and ankle surgeon will ask questions about how and when the injury occurred and whether the patient has previously injured the tendon or experienced similar symptoms. The surgeon will examine the foot and ankle, feeling for a defect in the tendon that suggests a tear. Range of motion and muscle strength will be evaluated and compared to the uninjured foot and ankle. If the Achilles tendon is ruptured, the patient will have less strength in pushing down (as on a gas pedal) and will have difficulty rising on the toes. The diagnosis of an Achilles tendon rupture is typically straightforward and can be made through this type of examination. In some cases, however, the surgeon may order an MRI or other advanced imaging tests. Treatment options for an Achilles tendon rupture include surgical and non-surgical approaches. The decision of whether to proceed with surgery or non-surgical treatment is based on the severity of the rupture and the patient's health status and activity level. Non-surgical treatment, which is generally associated with a higher rate of re-rupture, is selected for minor ruptures, less active patients, and those with medical conditions that prevent them from undergoing surgery. Non-surgical treatment involves use of a cast, walking boot, or brace to restrict motion and allow the torn tendon to heal. Surgery offers important potential benefits. Besides decreasing the likelihood of re-rupturing the Achilles tendon, surgery often increases the patient's push-off strength and improves muscle function and movement of the ankle. Various surgical techniques are available to repair the rupture. The surgeon will select the procedure best suited to the patient. Following surgery, the foot and ankle are initially immobilized in a cast or walking boot. The surgeon will determine when the patient can begin weightbearing. Complications such as incision-healing difficulties, re-rupture of the tendon, or nerve pain can arise after surgery. Whether an Achilles tendon rupture is treated surgically or non-surgically, physical therapy is an important component of the healing process. Physical therapy involves exercises that strengthen the muscles

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Of course it is, and again, one person can make change, but think of what a thousand or more could do that think and feel the same, it's my opinion, and to be able to voice my opinion is just That, and for you to voice yours is just that, yours. It all sounds great on paper, but where are you going to find Customers to pay the considerably higher freight bills to accommodate all of the pay and perks your Company will offer its Drivers. It is simple supply and demand. Capitalism if you will. There are Many Companies that offer much of what you spell out in your post. They Only hire the" Best and Brightest, so to speak. All of those things you mention will never be available to the majority of Drivers. That would be Utopia. Utopia does not exist here on Earth. Never has, Never will. Communists have been promising Utopia to the masses for generations and generations now. We know the results! I totally agree with you Brett, as you can read by the few replies, it's a topic that only few dare venture into, but again, I would do anything I could do to help my brother truck drivers .. the Driver is and always will be the heart and soul, and without him being told this and shown this, it's just an abuse of another man/ woman being prayed upon. The drivers are certainly the ones taking the most risk and making the most sacrifices to get freight moved around the country. No doubt about it. But at the same time there are an awful lot of drivers today working under conditions they're quite happy with. Most drivers that are working for successful carriers make very good money, especially for a blue collar job. Most are driving nearly new and very well maintained equipment. Most have solid benefits. Could things be better? Always. Could they be worse? Well they actually used to be quite a bit worse in a lot of ways. The trucks were far less comfortable and reliable. Many of the safety standards today either weren't enforced well or didn't exist at all years ago so drivers were running multiple logbooks and taking huge risks to make all the money they could. They were also forced into running illegal hours and unsafe equipment or they'd be sent packing. So wages have decreased relative to inflation but safety standards, driver protections, and even other areas within the industry like rest areas and truck stops have actually improved quite a bit over the years. So there's always room for improvement but it's gonna be a long, tough road. The profit margins are pretty slim in this industry so it's hard to really give drivers a sizeable wage increase and still remain profitable without making cutbacks elsewhere. Well, I this is a forum to share, and that's what I'm doing, just sharing my experiences and views, that's what Open Forum means, I'm not here to insure anyone, I'm simply stating facts, and I know there are SOME great Companies out there, it's just my opinion they are way to far few of them, and they can only hire so many? I would do anything that would benefit the driver, and I to would not want a mob scene or anything that would endanger a driver, I want to get the professional driver who is committed to this industry what he and his family deserve for the sacrifice we make each and every time we leave our family and go out and do a job that serves each and every person in this nation! And for all of you who don't take to heart of what we the professional truck driver do day in and day out,and take seriously, shame on you for not giving this industry what it deserves, 100 percent of safety, dedication and professionalism... You can hate all you want, bit you, will always be a part of the problem and not a part of the solution. Interestingly enough, most large corporations today were originally founded by some guy who thought he could do better than the current big players in the game were doing. Walmart was started out of disappointment for the way Kmart did things, Pappa Johns founded for the way Pizza Hut did things. So I'm all for people being disgruntled with the current situation to the point they're ready to take action. But creating a mob scene or going on strike isn't going to work in trucking. The industry is too fragmented. We need someone to start a company that pays their drivers so well and treats them so well that everyone will have to follow suit. Now we have to see who's ready to step up

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SPORT WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY FEATURE Polar chief: We're not interested in chasing the Apple Watch But the company does want to better understand your health Thursday June 27, 2019 By Hugh Langley @hughlangley By Hugh Langley We're seeing a bit of a trend of wearable companies – those that have traditionally focused on athletes and gym buffs – trying to appeal to the mainstream market. Garmin and Fitbit are two good examples of companies building more versatile devices, yet Polar has remained steadfastly focused on fitness. And for the time being, at least, it seems that's where it will stay. "Polar's wheelhouse is athletic performance so it's important for us to really stay very focused on that area of the market," Polar's USA president Tom Fowler tells Wareable. "If we start trying to compete with Apple and say we're trying to get that customer, and appeal to that customer and go head to head with Apple in a pure smartwatch domain, that's probably not going to deliver a great result for Polar." Read this: The best running watches 2019 Polar's decision to seems like a risky bet, with smartwatches predicted to power a major surge in the wearables market over the next few years. Polar is trying to win by differentiation, appealing to the more "hardcore" athletes than more mainstream devices like the Apple Watch which, while rapidly improving, aren't yet at the same level. "Where we can win, and where we excel, is in really understanding the athletic use case, both fitness and high-end competitive athletes," says Fowler. "So we're very focused on that. That may mean we're not the right product for someone who's looking for a smartwatch, but that's also ok. We know who we are." Meanwhile, Garmin is spreading its bets across a wide range of devices, including an LTE-enabled smartwatch, as it fends off the encroaching Apple Watch. Instead, Polar is doubling down on athletic performance, with additions like FitSpark, a feature of the new Ignite smartwatch that mixes together fitness history and sleep quality data to tell users how much, and what type of, exercise they should be doing each day. But Polar is watching, always watching. While Fowler seems adamant that Polar has little interest in chasing Apple and Fitbit to make a more mass-appeal wearable, it is looking at what those companies are doing around deep health. In fact, Polar's latest sports watch measures the autonomic nervous system, which is made up of the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympatheticnervous system, and when examined can determine how recovered your body is from training. The ANS is calculated using a mix of resting heart rate, HRV and respiration rate, and blends this with FitSpark to give users personalised workouts depending on what their body is capable of taking on. In theory, that makes the ANS analysis far more useful than simply spitting out a number for users to interpret. Polar also uses both green and red lights on its watches, the latter being able to look deeper into the dermis to glean more interesting data. Garmin has this in some of its recent wearables too, and leverages it to let users see their blood oxygen saturation – but it doesn't claim this as a medical tool. Fitbit's boss also told us he believes its devices can use this optical data to track for signs of atrial fibrillation. We have chosen not to track SpO2, but we have the physical capabilities in our existing products "We probably could measure SpO2," says Fowler. "We have chosen not to do that just yet, but we have the physical capabilities in our existing products to do so. If and when we decide to do that will be determined largely on the basis of our confidence that what we're delivering is real. We could probably do something that's a little junky and get away with it, but that's not the way Polar historically likes to roll, so when we do something we make sure the science is really dead on. "How companies like Fitbit, Garmin or Polar or Apple navigate their way through when you start tip-toeing into medical health and predictive issues, it's very interesting, there's huge potential there." But as F

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175

0

CommonCrawl

12

5

What was est? What was est? This came up at a lunch meeting the other day, in that two of us had seen Transformation: The Life and Legacy of Werner Erhard. You can watch it for free on Hulu. In a nutshell, Erhard understood that our sense of integrity as human beings is very bound up in our need to be right about stuff. That's just obvious grammatically (in Wittgenstein's sense). Who wants to believe a lot of garbage and have wrong ideas about everything? That's not cool. We want to be suave, smooth, and knowing. Or our need to be right takes other forms. We'd like to have the most appropriate responses to others in need. It's not a "bad thing" to wish for integrity and to defend that one has it. Understanding that, the est Training provided an environment that challenged one to become unstuck, where decisions and beliefs had actually led one astray. That's hard to look at, let alone admit, but the genius was having someone uniformly and in blanket fashion attack all belief systems at a metaphysical level. Why do you suppose how you feel about something has anything to do with how things really are? Why do you suppose your beliefs about things have anything to do with reality? The trainer gives off a kind of extreme skepticism that anyone in the room really has a grip. It takes a strong character to make hundreds of people wrong, but if you can pull it off in the right spirit (heh), you give even the most self-confident and self-secure an occasion to really question. Why not? Everyone else is, and you're not being singled out. Everyone gets pretty much the same treatment. The trainer makes everyone wrong. Then towards the end of the training, the trainer (a different person that weekend anyway) switches sides, metaphysically speaking, and makes you right. Now that you've had a chance to take a look, to make choices, you get to be responsible for what you've decided to keep, to hold onto. That's something you've chosen now, more than something you've inherited or absorbed unexamined. Of course in two weekends it would be impossible to look at every belief, assumption, character trait in that light, so it's more a matter of internalizing the process and contacting one's trainer within, a strong mentor or coach (in archetype) who is willing for you to let go of beliefs and attitudes that no longer serve you or add to the quality of your life or to that of the people around you. This doesn't mean you've been defanged or rendered less dangerous. On the contrary, when you see yourself as freely choosing your racket / act / role in the world, you may be willing to amp it up, because you sense it's making a positive difference. Certainly Werner's crew was behaving that way and I didn't blame them. They were on to something. :: celine dion :: :: afro blue jazz choir :: :: kurt elling :: Another OMSI Pub I joined the OMSI Science Pub impromptu yesterday, knowing nothing about what it would be. I grabbed a seat, saving the one next to me, and was going to Facebook "come 'n get it" but then thought to call Glenn and text Trevor. Lew Scholl has been to these before and I'd texted him too. As it turned out, Trevor could join me and our walking and meeting afterward was productive as usual. This turned out to be one of two OMSI Science Pubs going on. The subject was Biomimicry. The speaker, Richard Louv, said he didn't do slides, or had done, but proved inept at using them. "Not HTT material" I could hear the generals thinking (big emphasis on PowerPoint in that program) -- more like a late model boy scout. They used to make fun of the fat kid at camp, and how everything was so much harder on the obstacle course. Now we're all that fat kid (obesity rates where front and center in the OMSI slides), so we've toned it down quite a bit, so as not to offend ourselves. Teasing is the most politically incorrect thing you can do almost, especially where there might be hurt feelings involved. Unless you're trying to make it funny. There's some tough screening if so. Richard Louv sings a lot of the same spirituals we do around Portland, he was

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177

0

CommonCrawl

4

1

clear about that. He hadn't lectured in quite this setting before: so much booze (the event is held in a brew pub). Being not from around here, he's maybe not quite so relaxed. "What is nature?" is actually a good question, as to think vast cities are not natural is to be a little bit crazy, I have to say. But that's OK. Richard sounded quite apologetic for his profession's being so invested in pessimism and despair sometimes. He was speaking of journalism. The message he wanted to deliver was there's still hope -- something along those lines. I just advised Koski to attend Bridges, as he was already leaning, and to get to the SNEC event about looking back at Black Mountain College, where Ken Snelson and a lot of the Catlin Gabel people went to school. Asheville is near Hendersonville where I used to camp out in a trailer with the maternal gypsy grandparent (gypsy more in lifestyle then per "some secret" gene only gypsies know about). I could potentially get there. Gathering for Gardener is another one I always plan to attend. Had I gone the first year I was invited, I could have met him. Now I'm like Muhammad Ali felt about Ho Chi Minh: "if only I'd gone earlier, we could have met." I mention Ho because I've again be revisiting that historical period, rereading about Nixon's secret bombings and the campaign against the dikes. The idea that lying in the short term would not catch up with one was apparently accepted among the "real politik" crowd of the day, which is all narrated from a back stage point of view these days in that we see everything. Here's Jane Fonda on her way into Hanoi, looking out the airplane window. What is it she sees? I couldn't put it down and it was only like $6 one of Indiana's few well stocked bookstores. I gratefully acquired it and went on reading to the end. The bottom line is she's got a brave heart and her relationships with the young men of her generation helped keep some cultural cohesion going, whereas the Dr. Strangelovey types, Blue Meanies (many of them DC-based) had simply gone off the deep end and lost touch with humanity. They'd been abducted in a bad way you might say, whereas our abductees generally benefit (insider joke). The apartment on Chavez is starting to see more action, as the former chairman of Pythonia had intended. Michelle has organized one of those PyLadies events where men are allowed by invitation as guests, but don't get to run the show or even collude to do so. Sometimes women feel undermined by men, who compare notes behind their backs in mysterious ways, but then that feeling is mutual. Coming to a balance within oneself is the age old wisdom on this one. If you're up to something positive, then there's no real guilt in being "caught" in the act. It's like when Santa Claus is tip toeing around the tree and the lights go on. "Hey, just doing my job, gotta run!". Who'd wanna get in his way? Psychiatrists, sure, but who else? Anyway, the trainer will pitch her tent at Steve's, who is off in Spain or somewhere. He doesn't like to see perfectly good resources going to waste. That's an engineer for ya. We multitask for a living. I found out about Catlin Gabel's ties to Black Mountain when I was extended an invitation to one of their Thanksgiving gatherings at the Oregon coast many years ago. I met some dear people and later went with more family, namely Dawn and Alexia (Tara was not born yet). I was later to enjoy more correspondence and visits with Kenneth Snelson himself, with whom I associate that college. I forget when Thinking Out Loud came out on public television, but sometime after these Thanksgivings. Lots of Black Mountain in there too, including interviews with graduates. My mom tried to switch me to Catlin when I was little. She was freaking out about New Math which just seemed too off the rails (not what she remembered from math class). They must have had a different site back then, as I remember a large stone staircase (I went with her). This was prior to our exodus from the US entirely and my transplantation into the British education system, in the context

0.660614

0.015827

-0.396032

-0.443148

[ 0.7647093908417939, 0.5565187256339824 ]

[ 0.14117084407458105, -0.10951715730877953 ]

[ -0.2519810484196851, -0.5400821773969294 ]

[ -0.497777101685241, -0.38851955041861985 ]

1,024

[ 512, 512 ]

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177

1,024

CommonCrawl

10

8

Here are few lines on some of our players Katrina Darke I started playing the violin at the age of 8. I have always loved orchestral playing, and in my 20s did this professionally. I then retrained and became a doctor, returning to the violin as an amateur a few years ago. Favourite conductor – Bernard Haitink (who sadly passed in 2021) Favourite violinist – the young Maria Wloszczowska who we are so lucky to have had playing with us on two occasions with BHCO Career highlight – Wagner's Ring at the ROH under Haitink Peter Evans I was a comparatively late starter in music: at secondary school I was so fortunate to have a wonderfully inspirational teacher who helped me to discover for myself the inexhaustible treasure that is music. I went on to study music at university and my subsequent musical career has included teaching, improvisation, composition, jazz, folk music, and of course, classical music performance. I'm grateful to have had a second career in mental health nursing. I worked in the NHS for many years, retiring 10 years ago. There, I found that my musical background was an invaluable personal resource: as a therapist, in listening and responding, and from group music-making, a sensitivity to the requirements for effective multidisciplinary team membership and leadership. I'm now back to full-time music, although long-distance cycling, yoga, and looking after my young grandson are also all important calls on my time! Lucy Beveridge I started playing the flute aged seven, playing in school bands in Bath and Bristol and realised I particularly enjoyed soaring above the other instruments on the piccolo! I went away to music college and returned to Bristol to deliver music education and perform. I enjoy listening to music, but being part of an orchestra such as BHCO is so exhilarating. A career highlight was playing piccolo in Lutoslawski's Little Suite under the baton of Ewa Strusinska. When I'm not playing or teaching music I am running around the sights of Bristol. Jeff Stanford I've been playing the violin since the age of 8. I studied Russian and French, and later did a postgraduate year of violin study with Richard Ireland. I've played in many different orchestras including the Ecuadorian National Symphony Orchestra, the Bangkok Symphony Orchestra, the Nord Deutsche Orchesterakademie. Highlights in my playing life: Mahler 2 with bhco and Martyn Brabbins – unbelievably exciting Der Ring ohne Worte with NDO in the Berlin Philharmonie – all the Wagner earworms you could ever want Elgar 3 – as reconceived by Tony Payne with Brunel Ensemble My main job now is as a Teaching Fellow in Applied Linguistics at the University of Leicester. I've stopped living in the Bristol area, but love this orchestra and rarely miss a concert. I started the piano when I was 7, the violin when I was 8 and the harp when I was 9. I couldn't decide whether I wanted to play harp or violin when I was in youth orchestra, so I kept on with both of them. Each instrument brings different challenges. As a harpist you are very much on your own – you have to count like made and concentrate like crazy. Maybe that's why I love playing my violin so much. I like being part of a 'team' – whilst it's fun to practice on your own, the music only comes alive when you are playing in a section and blending with your desk partner, the rest of the violins and the orchestra as a whole. Musical highlights with Brandon Hill Chamber Orchestra include performing the 4 main Mozart operas and, more recently, the Bartok Concerto for Orchestra with Catherine Larsen-Maguire and Shostakovich 10 with Andrew Shulman. I am a freelance training consultant helping organisations who want to improve their culture and get better at coping with change. John Lang I reluctantly started cello lessons at the age of 10 when playing football had much greater appeal. I was given my current cello two years later when it was obtained by my father in exchange for a ten pound piano tuning job; sixty five years later it is still my my regular instrument. Performing

1.287925

0.402603

0.973023

-0.175858

[ 1.1536972126774419, 1.422153596761199 ]

[ 0.29874615922983633, 0.5064590746617637 ]

[ 1.1049079001608988, 0.8411388335209349 ]

[ -0.4652599733320799, 0.11354491135418682 ]

1,024

[ 512, 512 ]

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27313, 292 ]

186

0

CommonCrawl

20

25

Never mind what Mother told you. Good things come in big packages, Viagra dosage, too. The first thing all consumers notice of c0urse, is styling, and GL doesn't disappoint on this score. It's done away with the more blocky look of its preceding generation, purchase Viagra online no prescription, and it now looks more athletic, Viagra dangers, more flowing, and also appears to be one heck of a lot more expensive. The eye notices a lot of intersting character lines, and the GL now has the newer Mercedes family grille which harkens back to a number of distinguished ancestors like the SL models of the sixties and fifties. Mercedes knows very well that heritage sells cars, especially in the luxury segment, so the move to the family grille is right on target, Buy Viagra Without Prescription. The list begins with Attention Assist, which reminds you when you're getting drowsy behind the wheel, Adaptive Brake technology, low dose Viagra, mbrace2 telematics, Buy Viagra without a prescription, which can call for hel if needed, directly connect with Mercedes roadside assistancr, and arrange alternate trnsportation home if you get stuck among other things, Viagra online cod, and Crosswind Stabilization. Purchase Viagra, Then there's all the cool convenience features which come with the GL. The new items include a COMAND control knob, a color instrument cluster display, order Viagra online c.o.d, power liftgate, Viagra reviews, and a 115-volt outlet under the second-row seats. Buy Viagra Without Prescription, New options include an Active Curve System, On/Off-Road Package, Active Parking Assist, Active Lane Keeping Assist, a 360-degree Surround View camera, Panorama Roof and power EASY-ENTRY for third-row passengers. Power for the GL comes from a number of different engines, depending upon the model you choose, Viagra pharmacy. These include a 3.0 liter 240 horsepower turbo diesel V-6 for the GL350 BlueTec, What is Viagra, a 4.7 liter twin turbo V-8 witih either 362 horsepower for the GL450 or a 429 horsepower version for the GL550, and a 5.5 liter twin turbo 550 horsepower V-8 which powers the barn-storming GL63 AMG. The transmission for all of them is a seven speed automatic. Another new feature for the 2013 GL-Class comes with new electrically-assisted rack-and-pinion steering. A news release from Mercedes says, buying Viagra online over the counter, "Not only does the new electric steering provide built-in speed-dependent power assist, Doses Viagra work, but it also offers fuel savings. The engine no longer has to turn a hydraulic power steering pump, and the new steering only uses electrical power when the wheel is being turned. Mounted ahead of the front wheel center, the steering gear unit has a variable mechanical ratio that operates more directly, Viagra street price, or slightly faster, Purchase Viagra online, in the center position, which enhances agility and handling." You can also get a new optional Active Parking Assist, which Mercedes says "makes parallel parking a stress-free cinch. Below about 20 mph, Viagra treatment, a "P" icon appears in the dash to show that an electronic search for a parking space is active, Buy cheap Viagra, and whenever an adequate-size parking space is found, an arrow appears next to the "P" icon. When reverse is engaged and the driver confirms Active Parking Assist is desired, cheap Viagra, the system initiates automatic steering as the driver controls acceleration and braking at speeds below seven mph. The system allows two forward corrections, after which the wheels are straightened, Buy Viagra Without Prescription. Viagra no prescription, Active Parking Assist also includes an automatic exit feature." Another interesting feature is the optional Active Curve System, a semi-active suspension that uses electronic sensors, an engine-driven hydraulic pump and electronically controlled hydraulic

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La Crosse bishop to correct 'Catholics can't be Democrats' priest Fr. James Altman. YouTube screenshot. CNA Staff, Sep 9, 2020 / 03:32 pm MT (CNA).- After a Wisconsin priest said in a viral video that no Catholic can be a Democrat, the priest's bishop will attempt fraternal correction, and said Wednesday the priest has inflicted a "wound" upon the Church. A Texas bishop, however, has doubled down on his support for the priest. "I am applying Gospel principles to the correction of Fr. Altman. 'If your brother does something wrong to you, go to him. Talk alone to him and tell him what he has done. If he listens to you, you have kept your brother as a friend. But if he does not listen to you, take one or two others with you to talk to him.' (Mt 18:15-16)." "I have begun this process, not in the bright light of the public arena, but as the Gospel dictates, in private," Bishop William Callahan of La Crosse said in a Sept. 9 statement. "Canon law indicates that before penalties are imposed, we need to ensure that fraternal correction, rebuke or other means of pastoral solicitude will not be sufficient to repair the scandal," the bishop added, in reference to canon 1341 of the Church's Code of Canon Law. Fr. James Altmann, a priest of La Crosse, gained attention after an Aug. 30 video was published on YouTube, in which the priest said that "You can not be Catholic and be a Democrat. Period." In the ten-minute video, which has been viewed on YouTube more than 400,000 times, the priest said that he had "crunched the numbers," and "I came up with a pretty close approximation of how many Catholics voted for Obama in 2008 and 2012. Zero." "There will be 60 million aborted babies standing at the gates of heaven barring your Democrat entrance," Altman added, while criticizing the Democratic platform's commitment to legal protection for abortion. The priest also decried the "climate change hoax," and lamented "DACA- which means criminal illegal aliens," he said. He also criticized Archbishop Wilton Gregory, and praised President Donald Trump as "one of the best pro-life presidents." While the Catholic Church condemns support for the legal protection of abortion, it does not prohibit membership in the Democratic Party, and in recent months, some bishops have recognized the voices of pro-life Democrats advocating for changes to their party's platform on the issue of abortion. The priest's video gained even more attention after Tyler, Texas Bishop Joseph Strickland "endorsed" it over the weekend. "As the Bishop of Tyler I endorse Fr Altman's statement in this video. My shame is that it has taken me so long. Thank you Fr Altman for your COURAGE. If you love Jesus & His Church & this nation...pleases HEED THIS MESSAGE," Strickland tweeted Sept. 5. As the Bishop of Tyler I endorse Fr Altman's statement in this video. My shame is that it has taken me so long. Thank you Fr Altman for your COURAGE. If you love Jesus & His Church & this nation...pleases HEED THIS MESSAGE https://t.co/D413G0lfQV — Bishop J. Strickland (@Bishopoftyler) September 5, 2020 Strickland did not respond to questions regarding the video from CNA, but did email a statement Wednesday afternoon, in which the bishop reiterated on his support for Altman's video. "I support Fr. James Altman's video because I believe, not only Catholic Christians, but ALL God's people must ask themselves some tough questions each time they prepare to cast their vote in any local, state, or national election. "Voting is not an easy task nor one to be taken lightly. On the contrary; it requires research, prayer, and discernment. We must ask ourselves- Do we believe in God. Do we as a nation believe in God?" Strickland wrote, adding that Catholics must also ask themselves if they believe in God's commandment's and in Catholic

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Retired persons often wish to enhance their current income. Many even want to make a contribution back to their community. These seemingly opposing wishes can be reconciled through a Charitable Gift Annuity, a form of planned giving. A charitable gift annuity involves a contribution of assets to a non-profit organization in exchange for fixed income payments under the terms of an annuity contract. Let's examine how the annuity works. First, how is the income amount determined? The fixed income is calculated using a fixed annuity rate (percentage) multiplied by the initial contribution. The rate (percentage) depends on the age of the person, or persons (if a couple), receiving the payments, and on the payment start date. The American Council on Gift Annuities publishes rate tables (available on-line) that many non-profits follow. These rates ensure that the charity keeps approximately 50% of the value of what was contributed to purchase the charitable gift annuity. For example, using the current tables, a person age 70 years, seeking an immediate gift annuity for his lifetime only could expect to receive an annual return (annuity) of 5.7 percent on the value of his initial one time contribution. If he contributes $100,000, then he will receive $5,700 each year for the rest of his life. [Note: The rate would decrease slightly if he received monthly or quarterly payments.] Moreover, if a couple were to purchase a charitable gift annuity and receive payments over their combined life expectancy – so that the surviving spouse would continue to receive annuity payments –then the rate would reflect the couple's combined actuarial life expectancy. Second, what assets can be contributed to "purchase" the annuity? Often these annuities are purchased with cash. Sometimes a charity will accept stocks and bonds or a residence (or ranch) in exchange for the annuity. Third, what are the tax consequences to a charitable gift annuity? If cash is contributed, then the consequences are as follows: (1) an immediate tax deduction in the year of the gift for the so-called present value of the charitable remainder; which means the excess of the initial cash contribution over the present value over the lifetime annuity income stream; and (2) annual recognition of ordinary income on the annuity interest income. If appreciated stocks or bonds are contributed, then in addition to ordinary interest income each year, capital gains will incrementally be recognized each year over the term of the annuity. Gradual recognition of the capital gains is usually much better than immediate recognition. That recognition would occur if one were to sell the stock first, and then "purchase" the charitable gift annuity. Lastly, charitable gift annuities presume a significant charitable intent on the part of the donor. Persons charitably included who wish both to make an immediate gift while alive and increase their income, may be interested. If so, call the planned giving department of the intended non-profit organization and request literature; then evaluate this option with your financial planner. Editor's Note: Dennis A. Fordham is an attorney licensed to practice law in California and New York. He concentrates his practice in the areas of estate planning and aspects of elder law. His office is at 55 1st Street, Lakeport, California. He can be reached by e-mail at dennis@dennisfordhamlaw.com or by phone at 707-263-3235. The information contained in this website is for general information purposes only. The information is provided by the Law Office of Dennis Fordham. and while we endeavour to keep the information up to date and correct, we make no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied, about the completeness, accuracy, reliability, suitability or availability with respect to the website or the information, services, or related graphics contained on the website for any purpose. Any reliance you place on such information is therefore strictly at your own risk. Through this website you are able to link to other websites which are not under the control of Law Office of Dennis Fordham. We have no control over the nature, content and availability of those sites. The inclusion of any links does not necessarily imply a recommendation or endorse the views expressed within them. Every effort is made to keep the website up and running smoothly. However, Law Office of Dennis Fordham takes no responsibility for, and will not be liable for, the website being temporarily unavailable due to

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Publish Date May 23, 2022 Optimal Difelikefalin Dose Reported for Pruritus in Hemodialysis Natasha Persaud Difelikefalin at a dose of 0.5 μg/kg is expected to be a new option in Japan for the treatment of moderate to severe pruritus in patients receiving hemodialysis. Credit: Getty Images. The most effective difelikefalin dose for pruritus in patients with hemodialysis is 0.5 μg/kg, a Japanese study concludes. The US FDA approved difelikefalin, a kappa opioid receptor agonist, for the treatment of moderate to severe pruritus in 2021 at a recommended dose of 0.5 μg/kg. No clear dose response was observed, however, in a 2020 US randomized trial. In this phase 2 trial, investigators randomly assigned 247 Japanese patients with moderate to severe pruritus to 8 weeks of treatment with intravenous difelikefalin (administered at the end of each hemodialysis session) at doses of 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 μg/kg or placebo. The change from baseline to week 8 in the weekly mean Worst Itching Intensity Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) score was −2.86 in the placebo group, −2.97 in the 0.25 μg/kg of difelikefalin group, −3.65 in the 0.5 μg/kg of difelikefalin group, and −3.64 in the 1.0 μg/kg of difelikefalin group. Significant adjusted mean differences of −0.80 and −0.78 in NRS score were found in the 0.5 μg/kg and 1.0 μg/kg of difelikefalin groups, respectively, compared with placebo, Ichiei Narita, MD, PhD, of Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan, and colleagues reported in JAMA Network Open. By 8 weeks, the Skindex-16 overall score had decreased by 27.79 and 22.69 points and the 5-D itch scale total score had decreased by 6.5 and 6.8 points in the 0.5 μg/kg and 1.0 μg/kg of difelikefalin groups, respectively, indicating improvement with these treatment doses. The study did not evaluate skin findings. "Dose-response analysis showed clearly that the response to difelikefalin was inadequate at 0.25 μg/kg and that a dose of at least 0.5 μg/kg is required," the investigators wrote. Adverse events (AEs) occurred in 67% of the placebo group and 72%, 77%, and 85% of the 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 μg/kg of difelikefalin groups, respectively. AEs occurred in a significantly greater proportion of the 1.0 μg/kg of difelikefalin group than the placebo group: 85% vs 67%, the investigators reported. Central nervous system AEs, such as somnolence and dizziness, were more frequent in the 1.0 μg/kg of difelikefalin group. No dependency or deaths were reported. "The current efficacy and safety data indicate that a dose of 0.5 μg/kg should be the clinically recommended dose of difelikefalin for Japanese patients receiving dialysis," according to Dr Narita's team. "This finding is in accordance with those of previous clinical studies conducted in the US and indicates that the typical dialysis conditions in Japan did not affect the efficacy of difelikefalin, just as other factors, such as race, age, and physique, also have no effect." Disclosure: This research was supported by Kissei Pharmaceutical Co Ltd and Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co Ltd. Please see the original reference for a full list of disclosures. Narita I, T

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Home › PSYC 354 PSYC354 Module 5 Homework 5 (Liberty University) PSYC 354 PSYC354 Module 5 Homework 5 (Liberty University) PSYC 354 Module 5 Homework 5 Homework 5 Z-Scores Be sure you have reviewed this module/week's lessons and presentations along with the practice data analysis before proceeding to the homework exercises. Complete all analyses in SPSS, and then copy and paste your output and graphs into your homework document file. Number all responses. Answer any written questions (such as the text-based questions or the APA Participants section) in the appropriate place within the same file. Review the "Homework Instructions: General" document for an example of how homework assignments must look. Part I: Concepts These questions are based on the Nolan and Heinzen reading and end-of-chapter questions 1. What are always the mean and standard deviation of the z-distribution? 2. Define the central limit theorem. 3. Fill in the blanks: A z-score is based on a distribution of _____________, while a z-statistic is based on a distribution of __________________. 4. End-of-chapter problems: Remember to show work to receive partial credit where applicable. For help working on these problems, refer to the presentation from this module/week on the normal curve and computing z-scores. • Raw and z-scores: 6.16 and 6.20 • Estimating percentages under normal curve: 6.27 • Distribution of means and z-statistic: 6.28 and 6.30 Part II: SPSS Analysis 1. Green and Salkind, Lesson 21, Exercise 1 Open the "Lesson 21 Exercise File 1" document (found in the course's Assignment Instructions folder) in order to complete these exercises. a. Create a histogram of the anxiety raw scores and paste it into your homework document. b. Using the descriptives method covered in the presentation and chapter, transform the anxiety raw scores to z-scores, creating a new variable called "z_anxiety." Paste the output of descriptive statistics in your homework document. These descriptive statistics should describe the original raw scores and not the new z scores. c. Remember that the mean of a standard normal distribution is z = 0 and the standard deviation is 1. What is the z-score that is closest to 0 (on either side of the mean) in your data set? What is the z-score that is the farthest from 0 (on either side of the mean) in your data set? d. Based on the histogram from (a) and the answers to (c), would you describe the anxiety data as being normally distributed? Why or why not? Support your answer with information from the chapter and presentations regarding normal and standard normal z-distributions. Part III: SPSS Data Entry and Analysis The following data represent IQ scores of a sample of 30 high school students. In the general population, IQ scores have a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. IQ Scores Generate descriptive statistics and a histogram for this variable. Based on the data and graph, choose 1 measure of central tendency and 1 measure of dispersion (variability) that best describes the data set. Justify why you chose these measuresin a statement beneath the output. In your data set, standardize the IQ scores by transforming them into z-scores under a new variable "ZIQ." Using your data set as a reference, what z-score corresponds to a raw IQ score of 115? To a raw IQ score of 60? To a raw IQ score of 104? Based on what you have been told about IQ scores in the beginning of the problem, does this sample's distribution seem to reflect the distribution of IQ scores in the general population? Why or why not? Part IV: Cumulative 1. (Non-SPSS) A cognitive psychologist wants to find out whether playing Minecraft® affects fourth graders' scores on a visuospatial task. He assigns 30 fourth graders to 1 of 2 groups. Group 1 plays Minecraft® for 20 minutes, then completes the visuospatial task. Group 2 comple

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After home games, he has a routine. Pretenders? The Wholesale Jerseys Usa Bearcats won by 15. We reserve the right to edit a comment that is quoted or excerpted in an article. Big left arrow icon Big right arrow icon Close icon Copy Url Three dots icon Down arrow icon Email icon Email icon Exit Fullscreen icon External link icon Facebook logo Football icon Facebook logo Instagram logo Snapchat logo YouTube logo Grid icon Key icon Left arrow icon Link icon Location icon Mail icon Menu icon Open icon Phone icon Play icon Radio icon Rewind icon Right arrow icon Search icon Select icon Selected icon TV icon Twitter logo Twitter logo Up arrow icon User icon Audio icon Tickets iconAdd to calendar iconNFC icon AFC icon NFL icon Carousel IconList ViewWebsite InstagramTwitterFacebookSnapchatShop IconProfile Overlay AvatarAddAirplayArrow LeftArrow RightArrow UpArrow DownAudioBack 5sBack 10sBack 30sCalendarChartCheckDownLeftRightUpChromecast OffChromecast OnCloseClosed CaptionsBench OffBench OnBroad OffBroad OnVertical OffVertical OnCommentDockDoneDownloadDraftFantasyFilterForward 5sForward 10sForward 30sFull Screen OffFull Screen OnGamepassGamesInsightsKeyLeaveLiveCombineDraftFantasyMenu GamesMenu NetworkMenu NewsMenu PlayoffsMenu Pro BowlMenu ShopMenu StandingsMenu StatsMenu Super BowlMenu TeamsMenu wholesale jerseys TicketsMenuMore HorizontalMore VerticalMy LocationNetworkNewsPauseplayMultiple PlayersSingle PlayerPlaylistPlayoffsPro BowlPurgeRefreshRemoveReplaySearchSettingsShare AndroidShare Copy URLShare EmailShare FacebookShare InstagramShare iOSShare SnapchatShare TwitterSkip NextSkip PreviousStandingsStarStatsSwapTeamsTicketsVideoVisibility OffVisibility OnVolume HiVolume LowVolume MediumVolume MuteWarningWebsite. If that wasn't enough to set the table for a Wild win, consider that the game… To say Sanikiluaq, Nvt., is remote is an understatement; the community of less than 900 sits on an island in the middle of the Hudson Bay. ET on Wednesday, March 13, clubs are permitted to contact and enter into contract negotiations with the certified agents of players who will become unrestricted free agents upon expiration of their 2018 player contracts at 4 p.m. Harry's stock has the potential to shoot up, a la Mike Evans, so Stanford's J.J. Contact for IPCC : For written closed captioning complaints or concerns you may contact: Mark Turits Vice President, Captioning and Video Description CBS Television Network 524 West 57th Street New York, NY 10019 Att: Mail Stop . MLBPA just another union currently being crushed by technology We are not witnessing the death of the Major League Baseball Players Association. Alabama got revenge in the 2017 Sugar Bowl, a 24 victory in which Jalen Hurts threw a pair of TD passes. In the majority of U.S markets, hockey is almost an afterthought compared to the popularity of the NFL, NCAA, NBA and MLB. Cheap NFL Jerseys Nike In addition, Mr. The Saints were ranked number one by the National Football League in Cheap Detroit Pistons Jerseys Overall Gameday Satisfaction for the 2017 season in a survey conducted Wholesale NFL Jerseys Nike by the NFL's League Observation Program and third party Expert Review Audits of all 32 clubs in an eight-category review. The 30-year-old left-hander would be under team control for the 2019 and 2020 seasons, however he likely will command a fairly decent haul. As Wholesale Jerseys Usa with all packages we sell, we guarantee you a profit or we will work for free Cheap NFL Jerseys Nike until we do. AS PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, UNDER NO Wholesale Cincinnati Bengals Jerseys CIRCUMSTANCES WILL ANY BROWNS PARTIES BE RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, including personal injury or death or for any direct, indirect, economic, exemplary, special, punitive, incidental, or consequential

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Conversations With Great Thinkers 12. Physics by L. James Hammond © L. James Hammond 2017 1. Physics and the Occult There is a striking agreement between modern physics and modern philosophy/psychology. To summarize modern physics is to review the ideas we've discussed earlier in this book; instead of calling this chapter "Physics," I could have called it "Summary of the Previous Chapters." In an earlier chapter, I wrote, Mind and matter overlap; there is no 'pure spirit', divorced from matter, and there is no 'dead matter', lacking all spirit and energy. The whole universe is suffused with energy, with a kind of consciousness.1 This conclusion was based on philosophy and psychology, but it agrees with the conclusions of physics. Einstein's famous equation, e=mc2, says that there is enormous energy in all matter. "Mass is only a form of energy.... Even the tiniest, the very tiniest particle of matter has within it a tremendous amount of concentrated energy."2 But Einstein's theory isn't the only way in which modern science confirms what I wrote earlier; quantum mechanics also confirms it. The astounding discovery awaiting newcomers to physics is that the evidence gathered in the development of quantum mechanics indicates that subatomic 'particles' constantly appear to be making decisions! More than that, the decisions they seem to make are based on decisions made elsewhere. Subatomic particles seem to know instantaneously what decisions are made elsewhere, and elsewhere can be as far away as another galaxy! ...."The central mystery of quantum theory," wrote Henry Stapp, "is, How does information get around so quick?" ....The philosophical implication of quantum mechanics is that all of the things in our universe (including us) that appear to exist independently are actually parts of one all-encompassing organic pattern, and that no parts of that pattern are ever really separate from it or from each other.3 Stapp's question, "How does information get around so quick?" is also a key question in occult studies. If someone is killed in a car accident in New York, and their mother, who is in California, senses that something is wrong with them, the question arises, "How does information get around so quick?" One wonders if physicists like Stapp realized that students of the occult were asking the same questions they were asking. Physics is merging with philosophy/psychology, just as Western thought is merging with Eastern thought. Are we on the brink of a grand synthesis — a philosophy that will unite the sciences and the humanities, West and East? How does information get around so quick — in the world of subatomic particles, and in the human world? It seems that particles and people can exert some sort of influence from a distance (action-at-a-distance). Newton was a rational thinker who sought clear causes and effects, hence he angrily rejected the possibility of action-at-a-distance: That one body may act upon another at a distance through a vacuum without the mediation of anything else, by and through which their action and force may be conveyed from one to another, is to me so great an absurdity that, I believe, no man who has in philosophic matters a competent faculty of thinking could ever fall into it.4 Newton tried to show that the whole universe was like a pool table, with objects influencing each other by their momentum and contact. Now, however, physicists are finding that a ball on one pool table can influence a ball on a different table, without coming into contact with it. Newton's mechanical worldview is breaking down, and the old concept of action-at-a-distance is coming back into favor. How does information get around so quick? How can particles "know" what other particles are doing? Some physicists are reaching for Jung's concept of synchronicity.5 Physicists are unable to explain quantum phenomena in physical terms, Newtonian terms, so they're reaching out to psychology, to the occult, for explanations. They're reaching out to an "acausal" principle (synchronicity). They're moving away from the bedrock of rational-scientific thinking: causality. (Wouldn't Newton be horrified?) Niels Bohr said that quantum mechanics entails, "the necessity of a final renunciation of the classical ideal of causality and a radical revision of our attitude toward the problem of physical reality."6 Newton's world is crumbling! Here's an experiment that troubles Newtonians

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: two paired particles, with opposite spin, are sent in opposite directions. The spin of one of the particles is changed. The other particle's spin also changes, at the same instant, without any apparent cause. Somehow the particle traveling in area B "knows" that its twin in area A is spinning right instead of up and so it spins left instead of down. In other words, what we did in area A... affected what happened in area B. This strange phenomenon is known as the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) effect.... Physicists realized that this peculiar situation raises a critical question: "How can two of anything communicate so quickly?"7 Experiments like this inspired Bell's Theorem. Bell's Theorem is a mathematical proof, first published in 1964; it demonstrates that action-at-a-distance is possible, and that "our commonsense ideas about the world are profoundly deficient."8 Bell's Theorem develops the EPR effect into a mathematical proof, applicable to the macroscopic world as well as the microscopic world. One prominent physicist said, "Bell's Theorem is the most profound discovery of science."9 Bell's Theorem was confirmed and refined by the Clauser-Freedman experiment (1972) and by the Aspect experiment (1982). Bell's Theorem suggests communication between particles that is "superluminal" — that is, faster than the speed of light. Bell's Theorem suggests that the principle of local causes (also known as "locality") is false, and action-at-a-distance is possible. Bell's Theorem is not only difficult for Newton to swallow, it's also difficult for modern physicists to swallow; doubtless Einstein would be uncomfortable with Bell's Theorem, as he was with the EPR effect. But Bell's Theorem wouldn't be difficult for alchemists or Jungians to swallow; alchemists would say, "nothing new, just another example of action-at-a-distance," and Jungians would say, "nothing new, just another example of synchronicity." Can any particles communicate at a distance, or only particles that were once intimately connected? A similar question arises in the study of the occult: can any two people communicate telepathically, or only people who were once intimately connected, such as a mother and her child? Gary Zukav speculates that when "separate parts" interact with each other, they (their wave functions) become correlated (through the exchange of conventional signals).... Unless this correlation is disrupted by other external forces, the wave functions representing these "separate parts" remain correlated forever.10 Could this reasoning provide a basis for astrology? Could a particular planet become "correlated" to a person at the time of his birth, as a result of its position, its proximity to the earth? Could there be correlations between many seemingly-separate things? "If the Big Bang theory is correct, the entire universe is initially correlated."11 Is anything really separate, or is everything part of one inter-connected world? According to James Frazer, the famous student of primitive religion, primitive man believed that "things which have once been in contact with each other continue to act on each other at a distance after the physical contact has been severed."12 Frazer was a rational thinker, so he dismissed this belief as a primitive superstition, but now we find that primitive thinking is strikingly similar to modern science and modern philosophy. Like the modern physicist, primitive man believed that the world was an organic whole, a whole in which all parts were connected. Many primitive beliefs that were once dismissed as superstition now appear to be based on a deep understanding of reality. 2. One Inter-Connected World Earlier we quoted Zukav's remark that, "all of the things in our universe (including us) that appear to exist independently are actually parts of one all-encompassing organic pattern." This reminds us of the Hermetic philosophy. One of the basic tenets of the Hermetics is that the world is one (unus mundus), the world is an organic whole, and each part of the world is connected to every other part. What the Hermetics refer to as "occult correspondences" is closely related to what Jung refers to as "acausal connections" and "synchronicity." Jung is part of the Hermetic Tradition. When physicists first became familiar with the baffling and irrational world of quantum mechanics, they fell into desp

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206

1,024

CommonCrawl

4

1

air. These men were scientists, rational thinkers; Hermes Trismegistus was no friend of theirs, and neither was Carl Jung. Heisenberg said, I remember discussions with Bohr [in 1927] which went through many hours till very late at night and ended almost in despair; and when at the end of the discussion I went alone for a walk in the neighboring park I repeated to myself again and again the question: Can nature possibly be as absurd as it seemed to us in these atomic experiments?13 The world of quantum mechanics may be new, strange, and irrational, but it isn't pessimistic, any more than Jung is pessimistic, any more than Eastern thought is pessimistic. There's no reason why quantum mechanics should throw us into despair, except that it alters our worldview, it shakes the ground under our feet (if we're rational thinkers). Doubtless Newton's worldview was unsettling when it first appeared. Even in the Romantic period, intellectuals were depressed by Newton's cold determinism, and one Romantic lamented that the world lay in pieces at his feet; he hoped that these separate and disconnected pieces could be put back together again. Now they have. If the world is "one all-encompassing organic pattern," then we're connected to nature, connected to the universe, and even death can't sever this connection. The new worldview should raise our spirits, not throw us into despair. A world that's full of mysteries is more exciting than a mechanical, Newtonian world. Paranormal phenomena are like an unexplored continent. Shouldn't we rejoice that in this old world of ours there are still unexplored continents? 3. Beginner's Mind Zukav says that a scientist should accept reality as he sees it, even if that lands him in contradiction and nonsense; he says that a scientist must have "a beginner's mind.... a childlike ability to see the world as it is, and not as it appears according to what we know about it." A beginner's mind is valuable in art as well as science. The English painter Turner was once criticized for painting a ship that had no portholes. Turner responded, "I paint what I see, not what I know." Impressionism is about trusting what you see, painting what you see, even if it contradicts what you know. Turner knew that ships have portholes, but he didn't see them, and he wanted to paint what he saw — this is the Impressionist creed. We know that ocean and atmosphere are different, but when we look out to sea, they sometimes appear indistinguishable, hence Impressionist painters sometimes depict them as one. Scientists and artists must trust what they see, though it contradicts what they "know", what they think is possible. An artist must trust what he sees in his own soul, as well as what he sees in the outside world. The novelist Henry Miller said, "I obey only my own instincts and intuition.... Often I put down things which I do not understand myself, secure in the knowledge that later they will become clear and meaningful to me."14 People are often blind to occult phenomena because they clash with our worldview, because we regard them as impossible. If a psychic communicates with the dead, we say, "that's impossible, he must be a fraud." An intellectual should use the word "impossible" very rarely, if at all. Zukav quotes Suzuki (a Zen writer): "in the beginner's mind, there are many possibilities, but in the expert's there are few."15 The Philosophy of Today sees the world as full of possibilities, and full of mysteries. 4. Dancing Energy Classical physics, Newton's physics, saw the world existing "out there,", independently of us. But modern physics says there's no ultimate substance, and nothing exists without us perceiving it. Our position has changed from spectator of the world to creator of the world. (Like other new ideas in physics, this is an old idea in philosophy. Has modern physics given us any new ideas? Hasn't it just confirmed the ideas we had already?) Depending on which experiment we choose to perform, we can demonstrate light's particle nature, or its wave nature. In other words, the nature of light depends on our choice of experiment. Or rather, we can't know the nature of light in itself (as Kant would say, "we can't know the thing-in-

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206

2,048

CommonCrawl

4

1

itself"), we only know about our interaction with light. Since particle-like behavior and wave-like behavior are the only properties that we ascribe to light, and since these properties now are recognized to belong... not to light itself, but to our interaction with light, then it appears that light has no properties independent of us! To say that something has no properties is the same as saying that it does not exist. The next step in this logic is inescapable. Without us, light does not exist.16 Each of us creates the world, each of us creates light, each of us says "Let there be light!" Without us, there is no light, no world. As Berkeley would say, if a tree falls in a forest, and no one is there to hear, it makes no sound. A quantum is a quantity of something. A quantity of what? We don't know. Quantum mechanics is a science that 'doesn't know what it's talking about.' (Is this true of every science?) But even though physicists don't know what a quantum is, quantum mechanics helps physicists to make sense of appearances, so they regard it as useful. If we try to determine the ultimate stuff of the universe, we never succeed. Democritus and his school said that the ultimate stuff was the atom, the "uncuttable" thing. But later thinkers asked, "what is the atom made of?" and they found that the atom wasn't really uncuttable, it was made of subatomic particles. But subatomic particles have proven to be very elusive. We can't seem to find the ultimate stuff of the universe.17 Modern physics tells us that mass changes into energy, and energy into mass — they're interchangeable. "According to particle physics, the world is fundamentally dancing energy; energy that is everywhere and incessantly assuming first this form and then that."18 This sounds much like Eastern philosophy; the physical world is only clothing that god (or energy) puts on — ever-changing, ever-new. There is no ultimate substance, and nothing that exists independently. The physical world is "not a structure built out of independently existing unanalyzable entities, but rather a web of relationships between elements whose meanings arise wholly from their relationships to the whole."19 Nothing is independent, everything is mutual. In an earlier chapter, I discussed the idea that the mind, the ego, the "I", has no permanent, independent existence, it's part of the whole.20 A tree isn't an independent thing, you and I aren't independent things, everything is part of the whole. Here again, modern physics has confirmed the ideas of philosophy in a most interesting and forceful way, but one can't say that modern physics changes our ideas, or leads us to new ideas. 5. Time Modern physics has changed our view of time, and here again, there is a striking parallel between physics and philosophy. Einstein's theory of relativity views time differently than Newton viewed it, and quantum mechanics also views time in an un-Newtonian way. In Newtonian physics, time is one-dimensional, it moves forward. According to modern physics, however, "it is preferable, and more useful, to think in terms of a static, nonmoving picture of space and time.... Events do not develop, they just are."21 Jung also viewed time in an un-Newtonian way. Jung felt that both the past and the future exist in the present, in the unconscious. Jung felt that, in the unconscious, time doesn't flow in a Newtonian way, it doesn't flow from A to B to C.22 Shakespeare was a Hermetic thinker who viewed time in an un-Newtonian way. In Macbeth, for example, the plot doesn't unfold from A to B to C; rather, the atmosphere of evil is present at the start, pervading both the natural world and the human world. The witches anticipate the future. As in the theory of relativity, "events do not develop, they just are." Shakespeare Time is different from Newton Time, and similar to Jung Time, Einstein Time, Quantum Time.23 Just as Kant, Jung and other philosophical thinkers have long argued that space and time aren't absolute, so too modern physics argues that space and time aren't absolute. Particles that are spatially separate have been seen to communicate with each other, just as the future has been found embedded in the present. As Stapp wrote, "Everything we know about Nature is in accord with the idea that the fundamental process of Nature lies outside space-time."

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0.239655

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206

3,072

CommonCrawl

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Send Us a Tip Subscribe Home Music Music Lists June 11, 2018 4:12PM ET Bonnaroo 2018: 31 Best Things We Saw The coolest, wildest, hottest experiences at the weekend-long Tennessee bash, from the Killers' headlining set to the candied bacon bites Jon Freeman Elias Leight Joseph Hudak Adam Gold Maura Johnston Brittney McKenna Rob Loud Since its first edition in 2002, the Bonnaroo Music Festival, which took place this past weekend in Manchester, Tennessee, has become one of America's premier fests. Its musical purview has shifted quite a bit since its earliest days as a haven for jam bands; this year, the wide-open spaces at the Farm made room for the glittery beats of Kaskade, the acerbic pop of Khalid, the high-octane boasts of Future and the hybridized rock of Alt-J, as well as twin sets by folk-ambient guru Bon Iver that called back to the fest's earliest days as a space for bands to stretch all the way out. The site's camping-friendly space gave even more opportunity for a plurality of aesthetics, with glittered-up revelers, shorts-and-tees music heads and a robe-clad man who proclaimed himself to be "Bass Jesus" coming together under the Bonnaroovian Code – think Bill & Ted's edict to "be excellent to one another," spread out over four days of heat, mud, music and other types of funk. Pooneh Ghana for RollingStone.com Best Glo-Up: Dua Lipa Dua Lipa's self-titled debut had only been out for a few days when she threw her Bonnaroo coming-out party in 2017. Once again, the British sensation again played a late Sunday slot, just like last year. But this time, it wasn't for a respectable-sized crowd of early adopters in a tent; instead, the singer – effusing an innate charisma and ruling the crowd with supreme confidence – took the main stage as a bona fide pop star, with tens of thousands singing along to star-crossed-love bangers like "IDGAF," "Hotter Than Hell" and the Martin Garrix collab "Scared to Be Lonely." She made the What Stage sound like Wembley Stadium; if she returns next year for a Bonnaroo three-peat, it'll probably be to headline. A.G. Best House Party: Cage the Elephant and Dan Luke and the Raid having a house party at Bonnaroo," Cage the Elephant singer Matt Shultz told the 700 fans lucky enough to catch word of his band's surprise set Thursday night at Happy Roo Day, the weekend-long art installation and party that he curated in the festival's campgrounds. There were more fans outside the barricades of the barn-turned-glammed-out-rock club, chanting to be let in so they could get a glimpse of the reliably fearless frontman as he stalked the stage, losing himself in the moment and inspiring sing-alongs from even the thousand-or-so people shut out of the show as his band tore through a short set of garage-psych burners and rock radio hits like "Come a Little Closer" and "Shake Me Down." An even more pleasant surprise came in the form of still-fairly-under-the-radar Bowling Green, Kentucky quartet Dan Luke and the Raid. Fronted by Daniel Shultz (younger brother to Matt and Cage guitarist Brad Shultz), the fully-formed-on-arrival band has a magnetic singer and enough raucous energy to show rock & roll runs in the family, but has a brand of garage-surf-meets-Floyd psychedelia that's all its own. A.G. Amy Harris/Invision/AP/REX/Shutterstock Best New-School Legacy Headliners: Muse, The Killers and Eminem Let's consider one thing before holding Muse, The Killers and Eminem to the

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standard of more hallowed What Stage alums like Paul McCartney, Bruce Springsteen, Elton John and Jay-Z: Millennials aren't kids anymore. The collective nostalgia is palpable when watching members of that generation – now largely made up of people in their late twenties and early thirties – assembling en masse to shout along to stadium-sized hits like Muse's "Starlight," The Killers' "Mr. Brightside" (perhaps the most thrilling set opener in the history of Bonnaroo) or Eminem's "Kill You." This, folks, is your new class of heritage acts. A.G. Best Birthday Celebration: Sturgill Simpson "My midlife crisis is fucking dope," Sturgill Simpson bellowed from the massive What Stage on Friday evening – which just happened to be the guitarist and songwriter's 40th birthday. He celebrated in inimitable fashion, sporting a Rolling Stones–inspired "Who the fuck is asking?" shirt while tearing through a just-after-sundown set that eschewed bells and whistles and instead put its full attention on the undeniable chemistry between the Americana outlaw and his three bandmates. Songs expanded and contracted to fit Simpson's whims, with his soul-food flip of When in Rome's late-Eighties New Romantic smash "The Promise" providing heat and a blown-out version of the chugging "Brace for Impact (Live a Little)" giving him the opportunity to show off his still-formidable ability to shred – demographics be damned. M.J. Most Lit Main-Stage Set: Anderson Paak For the second year in a row, a rising hip-hop star stole the show from the headliners. In 2017, "Mayor of Bonnaroo" Chance the Rapper drew a bigger, way-more-turnt-up crowd than stadium-rock kings U2. This year, the festival's fever pitch came during rapper-drummer-multi-instrumentalist Anderson Paak's What Stage set. Backed by his hot-shit Free Nationals ensemble, he skipped and stumble-danced from wing to wing in exaggerated motions, and even worked in a drum solo or two. His carefree air rubbed off on the crowd, who'd left behind its collective inhibitions by the time Paak's hour-long set was over. A.G. FilmMagic/Getty Best Proof That Pop Can Part Clouds and Unite Crowds: Bazzi Sunday's festivities got off to a somewhat slow start thanks to Saturday's all-night partying and a morning downpour that left muddy patches all over The Farm. Michigan-born pop upstart Bazzi got things moving along with his This Tent-opening set, which he capped with a run through "Mine," a blissed-out confession of love – "You so fuckin' precious when you smile" – that doubles as one of current pop radio's few opportunities for unabashed, synth-borne joy. The crowd ate it up, singing along with every delighted lyric as the plush keyboards rose up around their collective voices. By the time Bazzi enticed them into singing the chorus along with him one last time, you could have sworn the sun was shining a bit more brightly. M.J. Best Crowd-Surfing Revivalist: St. Paul and the Broken Bones St. Paul and the Broken Bones singer Paul Janeway continues to make a compelling case that he's the best showman currently working in pop music. For their Sunday evening performance in That Tent, the Alabama-based retro-soul outfit tore through a set that placed smoldering ballads alongside taut, horn-drenched funk jams like "Call Me." During the group's show-stopping "Broken Bones & Pocket Change," Janeway unrolled a long strip of carpet that he used to let the audience carry him (and the world's longest microphone cord) across the tent, so he could perform on the precarious railing at the front-of-house booth. As the song reached

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its crescendo, the crowd carried him all the way back to the stage and he kept right on belting the gospel-influenced melody, never missing a single note. J.F. Most Serene Set: Daniel Caesar "It's not raging music," one Bonnaroovian explained to another as the pair walked into This Tent, which hosted Daniel Caesar's set on Sunday. Caesar specializes in acoustic soul ballads, and it was easy to wonder how these fragile tracks would translate in an open-air environment punctuated periodically by the distant thump of pummeling dance music. But Caesar was ready for the challenge, bringing along a four-piece band – the rhythm section was forceful but adaptable – and a trio of superb backing vocalists. Those additional singers helped put these songs across, adding ice-cool "oohs" to "Hold Me Down" and layering a pretty introduction in three-part harmony before "Neu Roses." But when it came time for Caesar to perform "Get You" – the Kali Uchis-assisted track that went top ten at mainstream R&B/hip-hop radio – he suddenly ditched his serene soul sound, opting instead for something more dynamic: Several minutes of thwacking, bass-popping funk that closed the set. E.L. Best Country Music History Lesson: Grand Ole Opry A bit of country-music history was made Sunday evening, as the Grand Ole Opry hosted its first Bonnaroo performance with a two-hour show held in That Tent and broadcast live on the internet and 650 WSM-AM, the Opry home on the radio. Future's set on the What Stage drew most of the crowd away, but those who stayed at That Tent were a rowdy bunch, and they had the chance to witness a show that was both a history lesson and an overview of many differnt country music styles. Opry members Old Crow Medicine Show, whose quick-talking frontman Ketch Secor co-hosted the evening with announcer Bill Cody, were first in the lineup, which also included bluegrass great (and Bonnaroo veteran) Del McCoury, pop-country dynamo Maggie Rose, and country-rock band Lanco (pictured here). Other highlights included Country Music Hall of Fame Member Bobby Bare, whose classic "Marie Laveaux" got the crowd energized with its signature screams, and throwback crooner Joshua Hedley, paying tribute to Glen Campbell with "Wichita Lineman." In true Opry fashion, the show closed with a cast sing-along of "Will the Circle Be Unbroken" – giving newcomers and veterans alike a little comfort and closure to carry them into the next week. J.F. Best/Worst Scheduling Conflict: Japanese Breakfast vs. Alex Lahey This year's Bonnaroo lineup was light on jangly, hooky indie-pop, so scheduling C86 disciple Michelle Zauner and her dreamy outfit Japanese Breakfast and pop-punk-indebted Aussie export Alex Lahey in the same early-afternoon time slot on opposite ends of the park made about as much sense as thinking Eminem would "radiate positivity" as a headliner. Listeners at both ends of the festival each got winning takes on modern romance. "This song is about falling in love with a robot," Zauner bantered before wowing the This Tent crowd with her sky-reaching vocal prowess on the Auto-Tuned "Machinist." Lahey opened festivities on the main stage, where the jaunty hooks of kiss-offs like "You Don't Think You Like People Like Me" and "I Haven't Been Taking Care of Myself" sounded even more irresistible blasting out of a sound system fit for a Muse concert. A.G. Best Tent Revivalists: Old Crow Medicine Show "Did you bring your dancing shoes to Bonnaroo?" Old Crow Medicine Show's Ketch Secor asked the crowd gathered for the Nashville string band's Saturday-sunset performance slot on the Which Stage. Yes, the audience did – and they also had weed, which fans enthusiastically sparked up as the group sang the "everybody must get stoned" chorus of Bob Dylan's "Rainy Day Women #12 & 35,"

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their opening song. Aside from the Grand Ole Opry – Old Crow are members, and they closed out the Nashville institution's Sunday-night broadcast from That Tent – there's no better forum for the band's rollicking jams than Bonnaroo. The wild-eyed Secor shuffled back and forth for a vigorous harmonica breakdown; mandolinist Cory Younts showed off his possessed-by-the-spirit dancing; and the rock-steady Chance McCoy helped hold it all together on acoustic guitar and backing vocals. The group may still be adapting to life on a major label (they released Volunteer via Columbia Records this year), but they've never been more in the zone onstage. J.H. Most Versatile Star: Kali Uchis Kali Uchis flitted from genre to genre during her soothing late-afternoon performance on Saturday. "Know What I Want," which dissects an imploding relationship, pointed to sing-song lover's rock; "Feel Like a Fool," which skewers an unfaithful partner, evoked sugary neo-Motown. "Flight 22" was a tranquil soul ballad in 6/8 time, and "Just a Stranger" was jolting, brawny funk. Uchis' versatility is the kind that festival bookers dream of when putting together their lineups: It's a way to appeal to as many potential ticket-buyers as possible, and, more charitably, it suggests a welcoming, open-eared approach to pop. Yet Uchis' performance also served as a reminder that big festivals still have a long way to go when it comes to genuine inclusiveness. The Colombian-American singer performed "Nuestro Planeta," a serene reggaeton collaboration with Reykon (absent at Bonnaroo) that is one of several sharp Spanish songs in her catalog – but despite Spanish-language pop's prominent place in the American mainstream, Uchis was the only lead performer at Bonnaroo with a Latin radio hit. E.L. Best House Set: Mija Mija is known for her unpredictability – she'll concoct arena-ready EDM at one moment and insular, off-kilter electronic music the next. On Sunday at The Other, the L.A. DJ-producer went in another direction entirely, seamlessly mixing together a lavish selection of modern house cuts. Her choices included Camelphat's "Cola," one of last year's biggest crossover club records thanks to its chantable chorus and nonchalant glide, and Midland's "Final Credits," a disco-house insta-classic that sampled Gladys Knight's "Neither One of Us" almost two years before the release of DJ Koze's current dancefloor-wrecker "Pick Up." (Word to the wise: Don't confuse the U.K. producer who recorded "Final Credits" with the identically named country group Midland, who performed at Bonnaroo the previous afternoon.) Elsewhere, Mija relied on long, satisfying synth arpeggios, brute-force vocal loops and distorted, insistent basslines. Usually an electronic artist working within the confines of an hour-long set moves abruptly from peak to peak, packing in as many climaxes as possible, but Mija maintained the pacing of a club setting, knitting her selections together with winning patience. E.L. Tim Mosenfelder/Getty Best Bite on a Stick: Baconland's Candied Bacon Bonnaroo attendees looking to stand out in the crowd – or just have an easy beacon for their friends to find them – brandished sticks topped by eye-catching items like flags, heads and scrawled-on signs. At Baconland, one of the food stands in the pork-and-metal-minded Hamageddon pavilion, the sticks were smaller, but the effect was no less mighty: A few bucks bought two wooden skewers topped with crisp yet syrupy bacon, the sort of snack made for spiking the brain's sweet-salty-fatty receptors and giving even the most heat-sapped attendee motivation to keep on going. M.J. Best Punk Rock Party: The Regrettes no shortage of bad decisions to be made at Bonnaroo

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