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---
language: en
thumbnail:
license: mit
tags:
- question-answering
- bert
- bert-base
datasets:
- squad
metrics:
- squad
widget:
- text: "Where is the Eiffel Tower located?"
context: "The Eiffel Tower is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower."
- text: "Who is Frederic Chopin?"
context: "Frédéric François Chopin, born Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin (1 March 1810 – 17 October 1849), was a Polish composer and virtuoso pianist of the Romantic era who wrote primarily for solo piano."
---
## BERT-base uncased model fine-tuned on SQuAD v1
This model is block sparse: the **linear** layers contains **12.5%** of the original weights.
The model contains **32.1%** of the original weights **overall**.
The training use a modified version of Victor Sanh [Movement Pruning](https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.07683) method.
That means that with the [block-sparse](https://github.com/huggingface/pytorch_block_sparse) runtime it ran **1.65x** faster than an dense networks on the evaluation, at the price of some impact on the accuracy (see below).
This model was fine-tuned from the HuggingFace [BERT](https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N19-1423/) base uncased checkpoint on [SQuAD1.1](https://rajpurkar.github.io/SQuAD-explorer), and distilled from the equivalent model [csarron/bert-base-uncased-squad-v1](https://huggingface.co/csarron/bert-base-uncased-squad-v1).
This model is case-insensitive: it does not make a difference between english and English.
## Pruning details
A side-effect of the block pruning is that some of the attention heads are completely removed: 97 heads were removed on a total of 144 (67.4%).
Here is a detailed view on how the remaining heads are distributed in the network after pruning.
## Density plot
<script src="/madlag/bert-base-uncased-squad1.1-block-sparse-0.13-v1/raw/main/model_card/density.js" id="a3a798a7-c903-47aa-b92e-d7a19bc5fe25"></script>
## Details
| Dataset | Split | # samples |
| -------- | ----- | --------- |
| SQuAD1.1 | train | 90.6K |
| SQuAD1.1 | eval | 11.1k |
### Fine-tuning
- Python: `3.8.5`
- Machine specs:
```CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700K CPU
Memory: 64 GiB
GPUs: 1 GeForce GTX 3090, with 24GiB memory
GPU driver: 455.23.05, CUDA: 11.1
```
### Results
**Pytorch model file size**: `342M` (original BERT: `438M`)
| Metric | # Value | # Original ([Table 2](https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N19-1423.pdf))|
| ------ | --------- | --------- |
| **EM** | **74.39** | **80.8** |
| **F1** | **83.26** | **88.5** |
## Example Usage
```python
from transformers import pipeline
qa_pipeline = pipeline(
"question-answering",
model="madlag/bert-base-uncased-squad1.1-block-sparse-0.13-v1",
tokenizer="madlag/bert-base-uncased-squad1.1-block-sparse-0.13-v1"
)
predictions = qa_pipeline({
'context': "Frédéric François Chopin, born Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin (1 March 1810 – 17 October 1849), was a Polish composer and virtuoso pianist of the Romantic era who wrote primarily for solo piano.",
'question': "Who is Frederic Chopin?",
})
print(predictions)
``` |