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import gradio as gr
import pandas as pd
# Sample structure of categories and phrases
categories = {
"Establishing why your topic (X) is important": [
("X is the main / leading / primary / major cause of ..", "Xλ μ£Όμ μμΈμ
λλ€.."),
("Xs are a common / useful / critical part ofβ¦", "Xsλ μΌλ°μ μ΄κ³ μ μ©νλ©° μ€μν λΆλΆμ
λλ€β¦"),
("Xs are among the most widely used / commonly discussed / well-known / well-documented / widespread / commonly investigated types of β¦", "Xsλ κ°μ₯ λ리 μ¬μ©λκ³ / μμ£Ό λ
Όμλκ³ / μ μλ €μ Έ μκ³ / μ λ¬Έμνλμ΄ μκ³ / λ리 νΌμ Έ μμΌλ©° / μΌλ°μ μΌλ‘ μ‘°μ¬λ μ ν μ€ νλμ
λλ€..."),
("X is recognized as being / believed to be / widely considered to be the most important β¦", "Xλ κ°μ₯ μ€μν κ²μΌλ‘ μΈμ λκ³ / λ―Ώμ΄μ§κ³ / λ리 κ°μ£Όλ©λλ€..."),
("It is well known / generally accepted / common knowledge that X is β¦", "Xλ μ μλ €μ Έ μκ³ / μΌλ°μ μΌλ‘ λ°μλ€μ¬μ§λ©° / 곡ν΅μ μΌλ‘ μλ €μ Έ μμ΅λλ€...")
],
"Outlining the past-present history of the study of X": [
("Last century X was considered to be / viewed as / seen as the most β¦", "μ§λ μΈκΈ° Xλ κ°μ₯ μ€μν κ²μΌλ‘ κ°μ£Όλμμ΅λλ€..."),
("Initial / Preliminary / The first studies of X considered it to be", "μ΄κΈ° / μλΉ / 첫 λ²μ§Έ μ°κ΅¬λ Xλ₯Ό κ³ λ €νμ΅λλ€"),
("Traditionally X / In the history of X, the focus has always been β¦", "μ ν΅μ μΌλ‘ X / Xμ μμ¬μμ, μ΄μ μ νμ ...μ μμμ΅λλ€"),
("Scientists / Researchers / Experts have always seen X as β¦", "κ³Όνμ / μ°κ΅¬μ / μ λ¬Έκ°λ€μ νμ Xλ₯Ό ...λ‘ λ³΄μμ΅λλ€"),
("Until now / For many years / Since 1993 Xs have been considered as β¦", "μ§κΈκΉμ§ / μλ
λμ / 1993λ
λΆν° Xλ ...λ‘ κ°μ£Όλμμ΅λλ€")
],
"Outlining the possible future of X": [
("The next decade is likely to see / witness a considerable rise in X", "λ€μ 10λ
μ Xμ μλΉν μ¦κ°λ₯Ό λ³Ό κ°λ₯μ±μ΄ μμ΅λλ€"),
("In the next few years X will become / is likely to have become", "λ€μ λͺ λ
λμ Xλ ...μ΄ λ κ²μ
λλ€ / λ κ°λ₯μ±μ΄ μμ΅λλ€"),
("Within the next few years, X is set / destined / likely to become an important component in β¦", "λ€μ λͺ λ
λ΄μ Xλ ...μ μ€μν κ΅¬μ± μμκ° λ κ²μ
λλ€ / λ κ°λ₯μ±μ΄ μμ΅λλ€"),
("By 2025 / Within the next ten years, X will have become β¦", "2025λ
κΉμ§ / λ€μ 10λ
λ΄μ Xλ ...μ΄ λ κ²μ
λλ€"),
("X will soon / shortly / rapidly / inevitably be an issue that β¦", "Xλ 곧 / λΉ λ₯΄κ² / νμ°μ μΌλ‘ ... λ¬Έμ κ° λ κ²μ
λλ€")
],
"Indicating the gap in knowledge and possible limitations": [
("Few researchers have addressed the problem / issue / question of β¦", "μμμ μ°κ΅¬μλ€λ§μ΄ ... λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό λ€λ£¨μμ΅λλ€"),
("Previous work has only focused on / been limited to / failed to address β¦", "μ΄μ μ°κ΅¬λ ...μλ§ μ§μ€λμκ³ / μ νλμκ³ / λ€λ£¨μ§ λͺ»νμ΅λλ€"),
("A basic / common / fundamental / crucial / major issue of β¦", "κΈ°λ³Έμ μΈ / μΌλ°μ μΈ / κ·Όλ³Έμ μΈ / μ€μν / μ£Όμ λ¬Έμ λ ...μ
λλ€"),
("The central / core problem of", "μ€μ¬ / ν΅μ¬ λ¬Έμ λ"),
("A challenging / An intriguing / An important / A neglected area in the field of β¦", "λμ μ μΈ / ν₯λ―Έλ‘μ΄ / μ€μν / λ°©μΉλ λΆμΌλ ...μ
λλ€")
],
"Stating the aim of your paper and its contribution": [
("In this report / paper / review / study we β¦", "μ΄ λ³΄κ³ μ / λ
Όλ¬Έ / 리뷰 / μ°κ΅¬μμ μ°λ¦¬λ ..."),
("This paper outlines / proposes / describes / presents a new approach to β¦", "μ΄ λ
Όλ¬Έμ ...μ λν μλ‘μ΄ μ κ·Ό λ°©μμ κ°μ / μ μ / μ€λͺ
/ μ μν©λλ€"),
("This paper examines / seeks to address / focuses on / discusses / investigates how to solve β¦", "μ΄ λ
Όλ¬Έμ ...μ ν΄κ²°νλ λ°©λ²μ κ²ν / ν΄κ²°νκ³ μ ν¨ / μ§μ€ / λ
Όμ / μ‘°μ¬ν©λλ€"),
("This paper is an overview of / a review of / a report on / a preliminary attempt to β¦", "μ΄ λ
Όλ¬Έμ ...μ λν κ°μ / 리뷰 / λ³΄κ³ μ / μλΉ μλμ
λλ€"),
("The present paper aims to validate / call into question / refute Pengβs findings regarding β¦", "νμ¬ λ
Όλ¬Έμ ...μ κ΄ν νμ λ°κ²¬μ κ²μ¦ / μλ¬Έμ μ κΈ° / λ°λ°νλ κ²μ λͺ©νλ‘ ν©λλ€")
],
"Explaining the key terminology in your field": [
("The term βXβ is generally understood to mean / has come to be used to refer to / has been applied to β¦", "μ©μ΄ 'X'λ μΌλ°μ μΌλ‘ ...μ μλ―Ένλ κ²μΌλ‘ μ΄ν΄λλ©° / ...μ μ°Έμ‘°νλ λ° μ¬μ©λμμΌλ©° / ...μ μ μ©λμμ΅λλ€"),
("In the literature, X usually refers / often refers / tends to be used to refer to β¦", "λ¬Ένμμ Xλ λ³΄ν΅ ...μ μλ―Ένλ©° / μ’
μ’
...μ μλ―Ένλ©° / ...μ μλ―Ένλ λ° μ¬μ©λλ κ²½ν₯μ΄ μμ΅λλ€"),
("In the field of X, several / various / many definitions of Y can be found.", "Xμ λΆμΌμμλ Yμ μ¬λ¬ / λ€μν / λ§μ μ μκ° λ°κ²¬λ μ μμ΅λλ€"),
("The term X is / was / has been used by Molotov [2011] to refer to β¦", "μ©μ΄ Xλ ...μ μ°Έμ‘°νκΈ° μν΄ Molotov [2011]μ μν΄ μ¬μ©λμμ΅λλ€"),
("Molotov uses the term X [2011] to refer to / denominate β¦", "Molotovμ ...μ μ°Έμ‘°νκΈ° μν΄ / λͺ
λͺ
νκΈ° μν΄ μ©μ΄ X [2011]μ μ¬μ©ν©λλ€")
],
"Explaining how you will use terminology and acronyms in your paper": [
("The acronym PC stands for / denotes β¦", "μ½μ΄ PCλ ...μ μλ―Έν©λλ€"),
("The subjects (henceforth named / hereafter βXβ) areβ¦", "μ£Όμ (μ΄ν 'X'λΌκ³ λͺ
λͺ
λ¨)λ..."),
("The subject, which we shall call / refer to as βXβ, is β¦", "μ°λ¦¬κ° 'X'λΌκ³ λΆλ₯Ό μ£Όμ λ ...μ
λλ€"),
("Throughout this paper / section we use the terms βmafiaβ and βthe mobβ interchangeably, following / in accordance with the practice of this department where this study was conducted.", "μ΄ λ
Όλ¬Έ / μΉμ
μ 체μμ μ°λ¦¬λ 'λ§νΌμ'μ 'κ°±λ¨'μ΄λΌλ μ©μ΄λ₯Ό μ΄ μ°κ΅¬κ° μνλ μ΄ λΆμμ κ΄νμ λ°λΌ κ΅μ²΄νμ¬ μ¬μ©ν©λλ€"),
("The fonts, i.e. / that is to say the form of the characters, are of various types.", "κΈκΌ΄, μ¦ λ¬Έμ νμμ λ€μν μ νμ
λλ€")
],
"Giving the structure of paper - what is and is not included": [
("This paper is organized as follows / divided into five sections.", "μ΄ λ
Όλ¬Έμ λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ΄ ꡬμ±λμ΄ μμ΅λλ€ / λ€μ― μΉμ
μΌλ‘ λλ©λλ€"),
("The first section / Section 1 gives a brief overview of β¦", "첫 λ²μ§Έ μΉμ
/ μΉμ
1μ ...μ κ°λ΅ν κ°μλ₯Ό μ 곡ν©λλ€"),
("The second section examines / analyses β¦", "λ λ²μ§Έ μΉμ
μ ...μ κ²ν / λΆμν©λλ€"),
("In the third section a case study is presented / analyzed β¦", "μΈ λ²μ§Έ μΉμ
μμλ μ¬λ‘ μ°κ΅¬κ° μ μ / λΆμλ©λλ€"),
("A new methodology is described / outlined in the fourth section β¦", "μλ‘μ΄ λ°©λ²λ‘ μ΄ λ€ λ²μ§Έ μΉμ
μμ μ€λͺ
/ κ°μλ©λλ€")
],
"Giving general panorama of past-to-present literature": [
("There is a considerable / vast amount of literature on β¦", "...μ λν μλΉν / λ°©λν λ¬Ένμ΄ μμ΅λλ€"),
("In the literature there are many / several / a surprising number of / few examples of β¦", "λ¬Ένμλ ...μ λ§μ / μ¬λ¬ / λλΌμ΄ μμ / λͺ κ°μ§ μκ° μμ΅λλ€"),
("What we know / is known about X is largely based on β¦", "μ°λ¦¬κ° μκ³ μλ / Xμ λν΄ μκ³ μλ κ²μ μ£Όλ‘ ...μ κΈ°λ°ν©λλ€"),
("Much / Not much / Very little is known about β¦", "...μ λν΄ λ§μ΄ / κ±°μ / λ§€μ° μ κ² μλ €μ Έ μμ΅λλ€"),
("Many / Few studies have been published on β¦ [Ref]", "...μ λν λ§μ / μ μ μ°κ΅¬κ° λ°νλμμ΅λλ€ [μ°Έμ‘°]")
],
"Reviewing past literature": [
("In their seminal / groundbreaking / cutting edge paper of 2001, Peters and Jones β¦", "2001λ
Petersμ Jonesμ μ€μν / νκΈ°μ μΈ / μ΅μ²¨λ¨ λ
Όλ¬Έμμ ..."),
("Initial / Preliminary work in this field focused primarily on β¦", "μ΄ λΆμΌμ μ΄κΈ° / μλΉ μμ
μ μ£Όλ‘ ...μ μ΄μ μ λ§μΆμμ΅λλ€"),
("Some preliminary work was carried out in the early 1990s / several years ago β¦", "1990λ
λ μ΄ / λͺ λ
μ λͺ κ°μ§ μλΉ μμ
μ΄ μνλμμ΅λλ€"),
("Doyle in 2000 was among / one of the first to β¦", "2000λ
Doyleμ ...μ μ²μμΌλ‘ ν μ¬λ μ€ νλμμ΅λλ€"),
("The first investigations into / studies on X found that β¦", "Xμ λν 첫 λ²μ§Έ μ‘°μ¬λ ...μ λ°κ²¬νμ΅λλ€")
],
"Reviewing subsequent and more recent literature": [
("Experiments on X were conducted / carried out / performed on X in 2009 by a group of researchers from β¦", "2009λ
μ ...μ μ°κ΅¬ κ·Έλ£Ήμ μν΄ Xμ λν μ€νμ΄ μνλμμ΅λλ€"),
("In a major advance in 2010, Berlusconi et al. surveyed / interviewed β¦", "2010λ
μ μ€μν μ§μ μΌλ‘ Berlusconi λ±μ ...μ μ‘°μ¬νμ΅λλ€"),
("Jeffries and co-workers [2011] measured / calculated / estimated β¦", "Jeffriesμ 곡λ μ°κ΅¬μλ€μ [2011] μΈ‘μ / κ³μ° / μΆμ νμ΅λλ€"),
("In [67] the authors investigated / studied / analyzed β¦", "[67]μμ μ μλ€μ ...μ μ‘°μ¬νμ΅λλ€"),
("A recent review of the literature on this topic / subject / matter / area [2012] found that β¦", "μ΄ μ£Όμ / μ£Όμ / λ¬Έμ / μμμ λν μ΅κ·Όμ λ¬Έν κ²ν [2012]λ ...μ λ°κ²¬νμ΅λλ€")
],
"Reporting what specific authors have said": [
("In her analysis / review / overview / critique of X, Bertram [2] questions the need for β¦", "κ·Έλ
μ X λΆμ / 리뷰 / κ°μ / λΉνμμ Bertram [2]μ ...μ νμμ±μ μ§λ¬Έν©λλ€"),
("In his introduction to / seminal article on / investigation into X, Schneider [3] shows that β¦", "Xμ λν κ·Έμ μκ° / μ€μν κΈ°μ¬ / μ‘°μ¬μμ Schneider [3]μ ...μ 보μ¬μ€λλ€"),
("Dee [4] developed / reported on a new method for X and concluded that β¦", "Dee [4]λ Xμ λν μλ‘μ΄ λ°©λ²μ κ°λ° / λ³΄κ³ νκ³ ...μ΄λΌκ³ κ²°λ‘ μ§μμ΅λλ€"),
("Southernβs group [5] calls into question some past assumptions / hypotheses / theories about X.", "Southernμ κ·Έλ£Ή [5]μ Xμ λν κ³Όκ±° κ°μ / κ°μ€ / μ΄λ‘ μ μλ¬Έμν©λλ€"),
("Burgess [6], an authority on X, notes / mentions / highlights / states / affirms that β¦", "Xμ κΆμμμΈ Burgess [6]μ ...μ μΈκΈ / μΈκΈ / κ°μ‘° / μ§μ / νμΈν©λλ€")
],
"Mentioning positive aspects of othersβ work": [
("Smithβs [22] use of X is fully justified / very plausible / endorsed by experience.", "Smith [22]μ X μ¬μ©μ μμ ν μ λΉνλμκ³ / λ§€μ° κ·Έλ΄λ―νκ³ / κ²½νμ μν΄ μΉμΈλμμ΅λλ€"),
("Kamosβs [23] assumptions seem to be realistic / well-founded / well-grounded / plausible / reasonable / acceptable.", "Kamos [23]μ κ°μ μ νμ€μ μ΄κ³ / μ κΈ°λ°μ΄ μ‘ν μμΌλ©° / νλΉνκ³ / ν©λ¦¬μ μ΄κ³ / μμ© κ°λ₯ν΄ λ³΄μ
λλ€"),
("The equations given in [24] are accurate / comprehensive β¦", "[24]μ μ£Όμ΄μ§ λ°©μ μμ μ ννκ³ / ν¬κ΄μ μ
λλ€"),
("It has been suggested [25] that β¦ and this seems to be a reliable / useful / innovative approach β¦", "[25]μμ μ μλμμΌλ©° ... μ΄κ²μ μ λ’°ν μ μκ³ / μ μ©νλ©° / νμ μ μΈ μ κ·Ό λ°©μμΌλ‘ 보μ
λλ€")
],
"Highlighting limitations of previous studies - authors not mentioned by name": [
("Research has tended to focus on X rather than Y. An additional problem is that / Moreover X is β¦", "μ°κ΅¬λ Yλ³΄λ€ Xμ μ§μ€νλ κ²½ν₯μ΄ μμ΅λλ€. μΆκ° λ¬Έμ λ ...μ΄λ©° / λν Xλ ...μ
λλ€"),
("The main limitation / downside / disadvantage / pitfall / shortfall of X is β¦", "Xμ μ£Όμ νκ³ / λ¨μ / λ¨μ / ν¨μ / λΆμ‘±μ ...μ
λλ€"),
("One of the major drawbacks to adopting / using / exploiting this system is β¦", "μ΄ μμ€ν
μ μ±ν / μ¬μ© / νμ©νλ μ£Όμ λ¨μ μ€ νλλ ...μ
λλ€"),
("This is something of a pitfall / disadvantage β¦", "μ΄κ²μ ...μ ν¨μ / λ¨μ μ
λλ€"),
("A well-known / major / serious criticism of X is β¦", "Xμ λν μ μλ €μ§ / μ£Όμ / μ¬κ°ν λΉνμ ...μ
λλ€")
],
"Highlighting limitations of previous studies - authors mentioned by name": [
("Peng [31] claimed / contended that X is β¦ but she failed to provide adequate proof of this finding.", "Peng [31]μ Xκ° ...μ΄λΌκ³ μ£Όμ₯νμ§λ§, κ·Έλ
λ μ΄ λ°κ²¬μ λν μ μ ν μ¦κ±°λ₯Ό μ 곡νμ§ λͺ»νμ΅λλ€"),
("Pengβs findings do not seem / appear to support his conclusions.", "Pengμ λ°κ²¬μ κ·Έμ κ²°λ‘ μ μ§μ§νμ§ μλ κ² κ°μ΅λλ€"),
("This has led authors such as / for example / for instance Mithran [32], Yasmin [34] and Hai [35] to investigate ..", "μ΄λ‘ μΈν΄ Mithran [32], Yasmin [34] λ° Hai [35]μ κ°μ μ μλ€μ΄ ...μ μ‘°μ¬νκ² λμμ΅λλ€"),
("The shortcomings / pitfalls / flaws of their method have been clearly recognized.", "κ·Έλ€μ λ°©λ²μ λ¨μ / ν¨μ / κ²°ν¨μ λΆλͺ
ν μΈμλμμ΅λλ€"),
("A serious weakness / limitation / drawback with this argument, however, is that β¦", "κ·Έλ¬λ μ΄ μ£Όμ₯μλ μ¬κ°ν μ½μ / μ ν / κ²°ν¨μ΄ μμ΅λλ€")
],
"Using the opinions of others to justify your criticism of someoneβs work": [
("As mentioned by Burgess [2011], Henriβs argument / approach / reasoning relies too heavily on β¦", "Burgess [2011]μ΄ μΈκΈν κ²μ²λΌ, Henriμ μ£Όμ₯ / μ κ·Ό / μΆλ‘ μ ...μ λ무 μμ‘΄ν©λλ€"),
("As others have highlighted [34, 45, 60], Ozilβs approach raises many doubts / is questionable β¦", "λ€λ₯Έ μ¬λλ€μ΄ κ°μ‘°ν κ²μ²λΌ [34, 45, 60], Ozilμ μ κ·Ό λ°©μμ λ§μ μλ¬Έμ μ κΈ°ν©λλ€ / μμ¬μ€λ½μ΅λλ€"),
("Several authors / experts / researchers / analysts have expressed doubts about / called into question / challenged Guyot on the grounds that β¦..", "μ¬λ¬ μ μ / μ λ¬Έκ° / μ°κ΅¬μ / λΆμκ°λ€μ΄ ...μ μ΄μ λ‘ Guyotμ λν΄ μλ¬Έμ μ κΈ°νκ³ λμ νμ΅λλ€"),
("Marchesi [2010] has already noted an inconsistency with Hahnβs claim / methodology / method / results / approach β¦", "Marchesi [2010]μ Hahnμ μ£Όμ₯ / λ°©λ²λ‘ / λ°©λ² / κ²°κ³Ό / μ κ·Ό λ°©μμ λΆμΌμΉλ₯Ό μ΄λ―Έ μ§μ νμ΅λλ€"),
("Friedrichβs approach [2013] has not escaped criticism / been subjected to much criticism and has been strongly / vigorously challenged β¦", "Friedrichμ μ κ·Ό λ°©μ [2013]μ λΉνμ νΌνμ§ λͺ»νμΌλ©° λ§μ λΉνμ λ°μμΌλ©° κ°λ ₯νκ² λμ λ°μμ΅λλ€")
],
"Describing purpose of testing / methods used": [
("In order to identify / understand / investigate / study / analyze X β¦", "Xλ₯Ό μλ³ / μ΄ν΄ / μ‘°μ¬ / μ°κ΅¬ / λΆμνκΈ° μν΄ ..."),
("To enable / allow us to β¦ , we β¦", "μ°λ¦¬κ° ...ν μ μλλ‘, μ°λ¦¬λ ..."),
("To see / determine / check / verify / determine whether β¦", "...μΈμ§ νμΈ / κ²°μ / νμΈ / κ²μ¦νκΈ° μν΄"),
("To control / test for X, Y was done.", "Xλ₯Ό μ μ΄ / ν
μ€νΈνκΈ° μν΄ Yκ° μνλμμ΅λλ€"),
("So that we could / would be able to do X, we β¦", "μ°λ¦¬κ° Xλ₯Ό ν μ μλλ‘, μ°λ¦¬λ ...")
],
"Outlining similarities with other authorsβ models, systems etc.": [
("The set up we used can be found / is reported / is detailed in [Ref 2].", "μ°λ¦¬κ° μ¬μ©ν μ€μ μ [μ°Έμ‘° 2]μ λμ μμ΅λλ€ / λ³΄κ³ λμμ΅λλ€ / μμΈν μ€λͺ
λμ΄ μμ΅λλ€"),
("Our experimental set up bears a close resemblance to / is reminiscent of / is based on / is a variation on / was inspired by / owes a lot to / is more or less identical to / is practically the same as the one proposed by Smith [2014].", "μ°λ¦¬μ μ€ν μ€μ μ Smith [2014]μ΄ μ μν κ²κ³Ό κ±°μ λμΌν©λλ€ / μκ°μ λ°μμ΅λλ€ / κΈ°λ°μΌλ‘ ν©λλ€ / λ³νμ
λλ€ / μ μ¬ν©λλ€ / μ€μ§μ μΌλ‘ λμΌν©λλ€"),
("We used a variation of Smithβs procedure. In fact / Specifically, in our procedure we β¦", "μ°λ¦¬λ Smithμ μ μ°¨μ λ³νμ μ¬μ©νμ΅λλ€. μ¬μ€ / ꡬ체μ μΌλ‘, μ°λ¦¬μ μ μ°¨μμ μ°λ¦¬λ ..."),
("Our steps proceed very much in the same way as / follow what is indicated in [Ref. 2]. First, β¦", "μ°λ¦¬μ λ¨κ³λ [μ°Έμ‘° 2]μ λμ μλ κ²κ³Ό λ§€μ° μ μ¬νκ² μ§νλ©λλ€. λ¨Όμ , ..."),
("The procedure used is as described / explained / reported / proposed by Sakamoto [2013].", "μ¬μ©λ μ μ°¨λ Sakamoto [2013]μ μν΄ μ€λͺ
/ μ€λͺ
/ λ³΄κ³ / μ μλ κ²μ
λλ€")
],
"Describing the apparatus and materials used and their source": [
("The instrument used / utilized / adopted / employed was β¦", "μ¬μ©λ / μ±νλ / μ μ©λ κΈ°κΈ°λ ..."),
("The apparatus consists of / is made up of / is composed of / is based on β¦", "κΈ°κΈ°λ ...λ‘ κ΅¬μ±λμ΄ μμ΅λλ€ / ...μ κΈ°λ°ν©λλ€"),
("The device was designed / developed / set up in order to β¦", "κΈ°κΈ°λ ...νκΈ° μν΄ μ€κ³ / κ°λ° / μ€μ λμμ΅λλ€"),
("X incorporates / exploits / makes use of the latest technological advances.", "Xλ μ΅μ κΈ°μ μ§λ³΄λ₯Ό ν΅ν© / νμ©ν©λλ€"),
("The system comes complete / is equipped / is fully integrated / is fitted with a β¦", "μμ€ν
μ ...λ‘ μμ ν ν΅ν©λμ΄ μμ΅λλ€ / μ₯μ°©λμ΄ μμ΅λλ€")
],
"Reporting software used": [
("The software application / program / package used to analyze the data was SoftGather (Softsift plc, London).", "λ°μ΄ν°λ₯Ό λΆμνλ λ° μ¬μ©λ μννΈμ¨μ΄ μμ© νλ‘κ·Έλ¨ / νλ‘κ·Έλ¨ / ν¨ν€μ§λ SoftGather (Softsift plc, London)μμ΅λλ€"),
("The data were obtained / collected using SoftGather.", "λ°μ΄ν°λ SoftGatherλ₯Ό μ¬μ©νμ¬ μμ§λμμ΅λλ€"),
("Data management / analysis was performed by / using SoftGather.", "λ°μ΄ν° κ΄λ¦¬λ SoftGatherλ₯Ό μ¬μ©νμ¬ μνλμμ΅λλ€"),
("X was carried out / performed / analyzed / calculated / determined using SoftGather.", "Xλ SoftGatherλ₯Ό μ¬μ©νμ¬ μνλμμ΅λλ€ / λΆμλμμ΅λλ€ / κ³μ°λμμ΅λλ€ / κ²°μ λμμ΅λλ€"),
("Statistical significance was analyzed by using / through the use of SoftGather.", "ν΅κ³μ μ μμ±μ SoftGatherλ₯Ό μ¬μ©νμ¬ λΆμλμμ΅λλ€")
],
"Reporting customizations performed": [
("X was tailored / customized for use with β¦", "Xλ ...μ μ¬μ©λλλ‘ λ§μΆ€ μ μλμμ΅λλ€"),
("X can easily be customized / adapted / modified to suit all requirements.", "Xλ λͺ¨λ μꡬ μ¬νμ λ§κ² μ½κ² λ§μΆ€ μ μ / μ‘°μ / μμ λ μ μμ΅λλ€"),
("Measurements were taken using purpose-built / custom-built / customized equipment.", "μΈ‘μ μ λͺ©μ μ λ§κ² μ μλ / λ§μΆ€ μ μλ μ₯λΉλ₯Ό μ¬μ©νμ¬ μνλμμ΅λλ€"),
("The apparatus was adapted as in [Ref] / in accordance with [Ref] / as follows:", "κΈ°κΈ°λ [μ°Έμ‘°]μ λ°λΌ / λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ΄ μ‘°μ λμμ΅λλ€"),
("The following changes / modifications were made:", "λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ λ³κ²½ / μμ μ΄ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ‘μ΅λλ€")
],
"Formulating equations, theories and theorems": [
("This problem can be outlined / phrased / posed in terms of β¦", "μ΄ λ¬Έμ λ ...μ μΈ‘λ©΄μμ κ°μν / νν / μ μλ μ μμ΅λλ€"),
("The problem is ruled by / governed by / related to / correlated to β¦", "λ¬Έμ λ ...μ μν΄ μ§λ°°λ©λλ€ / κ΄λ ¨λ©λλ€"),
("This theorem asserts / states that β¦", "μ΄ μ 리λ ...μ μ£Όμ₯ν©λλ€ / μ§μ ν©λλ€"),
("The resulting integrals / solution to X can be expressed as β¦", "κ²°κ³Όμ μΈ μ λΆ / Xμ λν ν΄κ²°μ±
μ ...λ‘ ννλ μ μμ΅λλ€"),
("β¦ where T stands for / denotes / identifies / is an abbreviation for time.", "β¦ μ¬κΈ°μ Tλ μκ°μ λνλ
λλ€ / μλ―Έν©λλ€ / μλ³ν©λλ€")
],
"Explaining why you chose your specific method, model, equipment, sample etc.": [
("The aim / purpose of X is to do Y. Consequently we / As a result we / Therefore we / We thus β¦", "Xμ λͺ©μ / λͺ©νλ Yλ₯Ό νλ κ²μ
λλ€. λ°λΌμ μ°λ¦¬λ ..."),
("This method / model / system was chosen because it is one of the most practical / feasible / economic / rapid ways to β¦", "μ΄ λ°©λ² / λͺ¨λΈ / μμ€ν
μ ...νλ κ°μ₯ μ€μ©μ μ΄κ³ / μ€ν κ°λ₯νκ³ / κ²½μ μ μ΄κ³ / μ μν λ°©λ² μ€ νλμ΄κΈ° λλ¬Έμ μ νλμμ΅λλ€"),
("We chose this particular apparatus because / on account of the fact that / due to / since β¦", "μ°λ¦¬λ μ΄ νΉμ κΈ°κΈ°λ₯Ό ... λλ¬Έμ μ ννμ΅λλ€"),
("It was decided that the best procedure / method / equipment for this investigation / study was to β¦", "μ΄ μ‘°μ¬ / μ°κ΅¬λ₯Ό μν μ΅μμ μ μ°¨ / λ°©λ² / μ₯λΉλ ...νκΈ°λ‘ κ²°μ λμμ΅λλ€"),
("An X approach was chosen / selected in order to β¦", "X μ κ·Ό λ°©μμ΄ ...νκΈ° μν΄ μ νλμμ΅λλ€")
],
"Explaining the preparation of samples, solutions etc.": [
("We used reliable / innovative / classic / traditional techniques based on the recommendations of β¦", "μ°λ¦¬λ ...μ κΆμ₯ μ¬νμ κΈ°λ°μΌλ‘ μ λ’°ν μ μλ / νμ μ μΈ / κ³ μ μ μΈ / μ ν΅μ μΈ κΈ°μ μ μ¬μ©νμ΅λλ€"),
("Xs were prepared as described by / according to / following Jude [2010].", "Xsλ Jude [2010]μ μν΄ μ€λͺ
λ λλ‘ / ...μ λ°λΌ μ€λΉλμμ΅λλ€"),
("Xs were prepared in accordance with / in compliance with / as required byβ¦.", "Xsλ ...μ λ°λΌ / μ€μνμ¬ μ€λΉλμμ΅λλ€"),
("Y was prepared using the same / a similar procedure as for X.", "Yλ Xμ λμΌν / μ μ¬ν μ μ°¨λ₯Ό μ¬μ©νμ¬ μ€λΉλμμ΅λλ€"),
("All samples were carefully / thoroughly checked for β¦", "λͺ¨λ μνμ ...μ λν΄ μ μ€νκ² / μ² μ ν κ²μ¬λμμ΅λλ€")
],
"Outlining selection procedure for samples, surveys etc.": [
("The traditional / classical / normal / usual approach to sample collection is to β¦", "μν μμ§μ λν μ ν΅μ μΈ / κ³ μ μ μΈ / μΌλ°μ μΈ / μΌλ°μ μΈ μ κ·Ό λ°©μμ ...μ
λλ€"),
("The criteria / reasons for selecting Xs were:", "Xsλ₯Ό μ νν κΈ°μ€ / μ΄μ λ λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ΅λλ€"),
("The sample was selected / subdivided on the basis of X and Y.", "μνμ Xμ Yλ₯Ό κΈ°μ€μΌλ‘ μ ν / μΈλΆνλμμ΅λλ€"),
("The initial sample consisted of / was made up / was composed of β¦", "μ΄κΈ° μνμ ...λ‘ κ΅¬μ±λμμ΅λλ€"),
("Approximately / Just over / Slightly under a half / third / quarter of the sample were β¦", "λλ΅ / μ λ° μ΄μ / μ½κ° μ μ μ λ° / μΌλΆμ μΌ / μ¬λΆμ μΌμ μνμ ...μμ΅λλ€")
],
"Indicating the time frame (past tenses)": [
("Initial studies were made / performed / done / carried out / executed using the conditions described above over / for a period of β¦", "μ΄κΈ° μ°κ΅¬λ μμμ μ€λͺ
ν 쑰건μ μ¬μ©νμ¬ ... κΈ°κ° λμ μνλμμ΅λλ€"),
("X was collected / used / tested / characterized / assessed during the first / initial step.", "Xλ 첫 λ²μ§Έ / μ΄κΈ° λ¨κ³ λμ μμ§ / μ¬μ© / ν
μ€νΈ / νΉμ±ν / νκ°λμμ΅λλ€"),
("Prior to / Before doing X, we did Y.", "Xλ₯Ό νκΈ° μ μ μ°λ¦¬λ Yλ₯Ό νμ΅λλ€"),
("First we estimated / determined the value of X, then / subsequently we studied / analyzed / evaluated Y.", "λ¨Όμ μ°λ¦¬λ Xμ κ°μΉλ₯Ό μΆμ / κ²°μ νκ³ , κ·Έ λ€μμ / μ΄μ΄μ Yλ₯Ό μ°κ΅¬ / λΆμ / νκ°νμ΅λλ€"),
("Once / As soon as / After X had been done, we then did Y.", "Xκ° μλ£λμλ§μ / μλ£λ ν μ°λ¦¬λ Yλ₯Ό νμ΅λλ€")
],
"Indicating the time frame in a general process (present tenses)": [
("In the first step / During the first phase / In the initial stage of the process β¦", "첫 λ²μ§Έ λ¨κ³μμ / 첫 λ²μ§Έ λ¨κ³ λμ / κ³Όμ μ μ΄κΈ° λ¨κ³μμ ..."),
("Once / As soon as / After X has been done, we can then do Y.", "Xκ° μλ£λλ©΄ / μλ£λμλ§μ μ°λ¦¬λ Yλ₯Ό ν μ μμ΅λλ€"),
("This sets the stage / We are now ready for the next step.", "μ΄κ²μ λ¨κ³λ₯Ό μ€μ ν©λλ€ / μ°λ¦¬λ μ΄μ λ€μ λ¨κ³λ₯Ό μ€λΉν©λλ€"),
("At this point / Now X can be β¦", "μ΄ μμ μμ / μ΄μ Xλ ..."),
("After / When / As soon as these steps have been carried out, X β¦", "μ΄ λ¨κ³κ° μνλ ν / μνλμλ§μ X ...")
],
"Indicating that care must be taken": [
("To do this entails / involves / requires doing X.", "μ΄ μμ
μ μννλ €λ©΄ Xλ₯Ό μνν΄μΌ ν©λλ€"),
("It is seldom / rarely / usually / generally / often / always practical to β¦", "...νλ κ²μ κ±°μ / κ±°μ / λ³΄ν΅ / μΌλ°μ μΌλ‘ / μ’
μ’
/ νμ μ€μ©μ μ
λλ€"),
("Considerable / Great care must be taken / exercised when β¦", "...ν λ μλΉν / λ§μ μ£Όμλ₯Ό κΈ°μΈμ¬μΌ ν©λλ€"),
("A great deal of / Considerable attention must be paid when β¦", "...ν λ λ§μ / μλΉν μ£Όμλ₯Ό κΈ°μΈμ¬μΌ ν©λλ€"),
("Extreme caution must be taken / used when β¦", "...ν λ κ·Ήλμ μ£Όμλ₯Ό κΈ°μΈμ¬μΌ ν©λλ€")
],
"Describing benefits of your method, equipment etc.": [
("This method represents a viable / valuable / useful / groundbreaking / innovative alternative to β¦", "μ΄ λ°©λ²μ ...μ λν μ€ν κ°λ₯ν / κ°μΉ μλ / μ μ©ν / νκΈ°μ μΈ / νμ μ μΈ λμμ λνλ
λλ€"),
("This equipment has the ability / capacity / potential to outperform all previous Xs.", "μ΄ μ₯λΉλ μ΄μ μ λͺ¨λ Xλ₯Ό λ₯κ°ν μ μλ λ₯λ ₯ / μ©λ / μ μ¬λ ₯μ κ°μ§κ³ μμ΅λλ€"),
("This apparatus has several / many interesting features / characteristics.", "μ΄ κΈ°κΈ°λ μ¬λ¬ κ°μ§ / λ§μ ν₯λ―Έλ‘μ΄ κΈ°λ₯ / νΉμ±μ κ°μ§κ³ μμ΅λλ€"),
("Our method has many interesting / attractive / beneficial / useful / practical / effective / valuable applications.", "μ°λ¦¬μ λ°©λ²μ λ§μ ν₯λ―Έλ‘κ³ / 맀λ ₯μ μ΄κ³ / μ μ΅νκ³ / μ μ©νκ³ / μ€μ©μ μ΄κ³ / ν¨κ³Όμ μ΄κ³ / κ°μΉ μλ μμ© νλ‘κ·Έλ¨μ κ°μ§κ³ μμ΅λλ€"),
("Of particular / major / fundamental interest is β¦", "νΉν / μ£Όμ / κ·Όλ³Έμ μΈ κ΄μ¬μ¬λ ...μ
λλ€")
],
"Outlining alternative approaches": [
("A less lengthy / time-consuming / cumbersome / costly approach is β¦", "λ κΈΈκ³ / μκ°μ΄ λ§μ΄ κ±Έλ¦¬κ³ / λ²κ±°λ‘κ³ / λΉμ©μ΄ λ§μ΄ λλ μ κ·Ό λ°©μμ ...μ
λλ€"),
("A neater / more elegant / simplified / more practical solution for this problem β¦", "μ΄ λ¬Έμ μ λν λ κΉλνκ³ / λ μ°μνκ³ / κ°μνλκ³ / λ μ€μ©μ μΈ μ루μ
μ ...μ
λλ€"),
("An alternative solution, though with high overheads / slightly more complicated / less exhaustive is β¦", "λμ μ€λ²ν€λ / μ½κ° λ 볡μ‘νκ³ / λ μ² μ ν λμ μ루μ
μ ...μ
λλ€"),
("One / One possible / A good way to avoid the use of X is to use Y instead.", "Xμ μ¬μ©μ νΌνλ ν κ°μ§ λ°©λ² / κ°λ₯ν λ°©λ² / μ’μ λ°©λ²μ λμ Yλ₯Ό μ¬μ©νλ κ²μ
λλ€")
],
"Explaining how you got your results": [
("To assess X / evaluate X / distinguish between X and Y, Z was used.", "Xλ₯Ό νκ°νκΈ° μν΄ / Xμ Yλ₯Ό ꡬλ³νκΈ° μν΄ Zκ° μ¬μ©λμμ΅λλ€"),
("X analysis was used to test / predict / confirm Y.", "Yλ₯Ό ν
μ€νΈ / μμΈ‘ / νμΈνκΈ° μν΄ X λΆμμ΄ μ¬μ©λμμ΅λλ€"),
("Changes in X were identified / calculated / compared using β¦", "Xμ λ³νλ ...λ₯Ό μ¬μ©νμ¬ μλ³ / κ³μ° / λΉκ΅λμμ΅λλ€"),
("The correlation / difference between X and Y was tested.", "Xμ Y μ¬μ΄μ μκ΄ κ΄κ³ / μ°¨μ΄κ° ν
μ€νΈλμμ΅λλ€"),
("The first set of analyses investigated / examined / confirmed / highlighted the impact of β¦", "첫 λ²μ§Έ λΆμ μΈνΈλ ...μ μν₯μ μ‘°μ¬ / κ²ν / νμΈ / κ°μ‘°νμ΅λλ€")
],
"Reporting results from questionnaires and interviews": [
("Of the study population / initial sample / initial cohort, 90 subjects completed and returned the questionnaire.", "μ°κ΅¬ μΈκ΅¬ / μ΄κΈ° μν / μ΄κΈ° μ½νΈνΈ μ€ 90λͺ
μ΄ μ€λ¬Έμ§λ₯Ό μμ±νμ¬ λ°ννμ΅λλ€"),
("The response rate was 70% at / after / for the first six months and β¦", "μλ΅λ₯ μ μ²μ 6κ°μ λμ / νμ / 70%μμ΅λλ€"),
("The majority of respondents / those who responded felt that β¦", "μλ΅μμ λλΆλΆ / μλ΅ν μ¬λλ€μ ...λΌκ³ λκΌμ΅λλ€"),
("Over half / Sixty per cent of those surveyed / questioned reported that β¦", "μ‘°μ¬ / μ§λ¬Έλ°μ μ¬λλ€μ μ λ° μ΄μ / 60%λ ...λΌκ³ λ³΄κ³ νμ΅λλ€"),
("Almost / Just under / Approximately two-thirds of the participants (64%) said / felt / commented that β¦", "μ°Έκ°μμ κ±°μ / μ½κ° μ μ / μ½ 3λΆμ 2 (64%)λ ...λΌκ³ λ§νμ΅λλ€ / λκΌμ΅λλ€ / μΈκΈνμ΅λλ€")
],
"Stating what you found": [
("These tests revealed / showed / highlighted that β¦", "μ΄ ν
μ€νΈλ ...μ λλ¬λμ΅λλ€ / 보μ¬μ£Όμμ΅λλ€ / κ°μ‘°νμ΅λλ€"),
("Strong / Some / No evidence of X was found β¦", "Xμ κ°λ ₯ν / μΌλΆ / μ¦κ±°κ° μμ΅λλ€"),
("Interestingly / Surprisingly / Unexpectedly, for high values of X, Y was found ..", "ν₯λ―Έλ‘κ²λ / λλκ²λ / μκΈ°μΉ μκ² Xμ λμ κ°μμ Yκ° λ°κ²¬λμμ΅λλ€"),
("There was a significant positive / no correlation between β¦", "... μ¬μ΄μ μ μν μμ μκ΄ κ΄κ³ / μκ΄ κ΄κ³κ° μμμ΅λλ€"),
("On average / Generally speaking / Broadly speaking, we found values for X of β¦", "νκ· μ μΌλ‘ / μΌλ°μ μΌλ‘ / λκ² λ§νλ©΄, μ°λ¦¬λ Xμ κ°μ ...λ‘ λ°κ²¬νμ΅λλ€")
],
"Stating what you did not find": [
("No significant difference / correlation was found / identified / revealed / detected / observed / highlighted between β¦. ", "... μ¬μ΄μ μ μν μ°¨μ΄ / μκ΄ κ΄κ³κ° λ°κ²¬λμ§ μμμ΅λλ€ / μλ³λμ§ μμμ΅λλ€ / λλ¬λμ§ μμμ΅λλ€ / κ°μ§λμ§ μμμ΅λλ€ / κ΄μ°°λμ§ μμμ΅λλ€ / κ°μ‘°λμ§ μμμ΅λλ€"),
("There were no significant differences between X and Y in terms of Z / with regard to Z / as far as Z is concerned.", "Zμ κ΄λ ¨νμ¬ / Zμ κ΄λ ¨νμ¬ / Zμ κ΄λ ¨νμ¬ Xμ Y μ¬μ΄μ μ μν μ°¨μ΄κ° μμμ΅λλ€"),
("The analysis did not show / reveal / identify / confirm any significant differences between β¦", "λΆμμ ... μ¬μ΄μ μ μν μ°¨μ΄λ₯Ό 보μ¬μ£Όμ§ μμμ΅λλ€ / λλ¬λμ§ μμμ΅λλ€ / μλ³νμ§ μμμ΅λλ€ / νμΈνμ§ μμμ΅λλ€"),
("None of these differences were / Not one of these differences was statistically significant.", "μ΄ μ°¨μ΄ μ€ μ΄λ κ²λ / μ΄λ νλλ ν΅κ³μ μΌλ‘ μ μνμ§ μμμ΅λλ€"),
("Overall / Taken as a whole / Generally speaking / With a few exceptions, our results show X did not affect Y.", "μ λ°μ μΌλ‘ / μ 체μ μΌλ‘ / μΌλ°μ μΌλ‘ / λͺ κ°μ§ μμΈλ₯Ό μ μΈνκ³ , μ°λ¦¬μ κ²°κ³Όλ Xκ° Yμ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉμ§ μμμμ 보μ¬μ€λλ€")
],
"Highlighting significant results and achievements": [
("The most striking / remarkable result to emerge from the data is that β¦", "λ°μ΄ν°μμ λνλ κ°μ₯ λμ λλ / μ£Όλͺ©ν λ§ν κ²°κ³Όλ ...μ
λλ€"),
("Interestingly / Curiously / Remarkably / Inexplicably, this correlation is related to β¦. ", "ν₯λ―Έλ‘κ²λ / νΈκΈ°μ¬μμ / μ£Όλͺ©ν λ§νκ² / μ€λͺ
ν μ μκ²λ, μ΄ μκ΄ κ΄κ³λ ...μ κ΄λ ¨μ΄ μμ΅λλ€"),
("Significantly / Importantly / Crucially / Critically, X is β¦", "μ μνκ² / μ€μνκ² / κ²°μ μ μΌλ‘ / λΉνμ μΌλ‘ Xλ ...μ
λλ€"),
("The correlation between X and Y is interesting / of interest / worth noting / noteworthy / worth mentioning because β¦", "Xμ Y μ¬μ΄μ μκ΄ κ΄κ³λ ... λλ¬Έμ ν₯λ―Έλ‘μ΅λλ€ / ν₯λ―Έλ‘μ΅λλ€ / μ£Όλͺ©ν λ§ν κ°μΉκ° μμ΅λλ€ / μ£Όλͺ©ν λ§ν κ°μΉκ° μμ΅λλ€ / μΈκΈν λ§ν κ°μΉκ° μμ΅λλ€"),
("The most surprising / remarkable / intriguing correlation is with the β¦", "κ°μ₯ λλΌμ΄ / μ£Όλͺ©ν λ§ν / ν₯λ―Έλ‘μ΄ μκ΄ κ΄κ³λ ...μ κ΄λ ¨μ΄ μμ΅λλ€")
],
"Stating that your results confirm previous evidence": [
("Our experiments confirm / corroborate / are in line with / are consistent with previous results [Wiley 2009].", "μ°λ¦¬μ μ€νμ μ΄μ κ²°κ³Ό [Wiley 2009]λ₯Ό νμΈν©λλ€ / νμ¦ν©λλ€ / μΌμΉν©λλ€ / μΌκ΄λ©λλ€"),
("The values are barely / scarcely / hardly distinguishable from [Li 2010] who β¦", "κ°μ [Li 2010]κ³Ό κ±°μ ꡬλ³ν μ μμ΅λλ€"),
("This value has been found to be / is typical of X.", "μ΄ κ°μ Xμ μ νμΌλ‘ λ°νμ‘μ΅λλ€ / μ νμ
λλ€"),
("This is in good agreement / in complete agreement / consistent with β¦", "μ΄κ²μ ...μ μ μΌμΉν©λλ€ / μμ ν μΌμΉν©λλ€ / μΌμΉν©λλ€"),
("This fits / matches / concurs well with [65] and also confirms our earlier / previous findings [39, 40, 41].", "μ΄κ²μ [65]μ μ λ§μΌλ©° μ°λ¦¬μ μ΄μ / μ΄μ λ°κ²¬ [39, 40, 41]μ νμΈν©λλ€")
],
"Stating that your results are in contrast with previous evidence": [
("It was found that X = 2, whereas / on the other hand Kamatchi [2011] found that β¦", "X = 2μμ΄ λ°κ²¬λμμ§λ§, λ°λ©΄μ Kamatchi [2011]μ ...μ λ°κ²¬νμ΅λλ€"),
("We found much higher values for X than / with respect to those reported by Pandey [2000].", "μ°λ¦¬λ Pandey [2000]μ μν΄ λ³΄κ³ λ κ²λ³΄λ€ Xμ λν΄ ν¨μ¬ λμ κ°μ λ°κ²¬νμ΅λλ€"),
("Although / Despite the fact that Li and Mithran [2014] found that X = 2 we found that X = 3.", "Liμ Mithran [2014]μ΄ X = 2λΌκ³ λ°κ²¬νμμλ λΆκ΅¬νκ³ μ°λ¦¬λ X = 3μ΄λΌκ³ λ°κ²¬νμ΅λλ€"),
("In contrast to / contradiction with earlier findings [Castenas, 2009], we β¦", "μ΄μ μ°κ΅¬ [Castenas, 2009]κ³Ό λμ‘°μ μΌλ‘, μ°λ¦¬λ ..."),
("This study has not confirmed previous research on X. However / Nevertheless / Despite this, it serves to β¦", "μ΄ μ°κ΅¬λ Xμ λν μ΄μ μ°κ΅¬λ₯Ό νμΈνμ§ μμμ΅λλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ / κ·ΈλΌμλ λΆκ΅¬νκ³ / κ·ΈλΌμλ λΆκ΅¬νκ³ , κ·Έκ²μ ...μ κΈ°μ¬ν©λλ€")
],
"Stating and justifying the acceptability of your results": [
("As expected / anticipated / predicted / forecast / hypothesized, our experiments show / demonstrate / prove that β¦", "μμλλ‘ / μμΈ‘λλ‘ / μμΈ‘λλ‘ / κ°μ€λλ‘, μ°λ¦¬μ μ€νμ ...μ 보μ¬μ€λλ€ / μ¦λͺ
ν©λλ€"),
("Our formula captures / reproduces the response of β¦", "μ°λ¦¬μ 곡μμ ...μ μλ΅μ μΊ‘μ² / μ¬νν©λλ€"),
("We found a very good agreement between X and Y.", "μ°λ¦¬λ Xμ Y μ¬μ΄μ λ§€μ° μ’μ μΌμΉλ₯Ό λ°κ²¬νμ΅λλ€"),
("There is an excellent correlation between β¦", "... μ¬μ΄μ νλ₯ν μκ΄ κ΄κ³κ° μμ΅λλ€"),
("The close correlation between X and Y indicates / suggests / reveals that β¦", "Xμ Y μ¬μ΄μ λ°μ ν μκ΄ κ΄κ³λ ...μ λνλ
λλ€ / μμ¬ν©λλ€ / λλ¬λ
λλ€")
],
"Justifying your results when previous results are not available or difficult to obtain": [
("No results for X have been reported previously. However, β¦", "Xμ λν κ²°κ³Όλ μ΄μ μ λ³΄κ³ λ μ μ΄ μμ΅λλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ, ..."),
("These are the first results reported / published on X.", "μ΄κ²μ Xμ λν΄ λ³΄κ³ λ / λ°νλ 첫 λ²μ§Έ κ²°κ³Όμ
λλ€"),
("Owing to the lack of data on X, we can only compare our results to Y.", "Xμ λν λ°μ΄ν° λΆμ‘±μΌλ‘ μΈν΄ μ°λ¦¬λ μ°λ¦¬μ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό Yμλ§ λΉκ΅ν μ μμ΅λλ€"),
("To the best of our knowledge, these results are unprecedented / have not been described before.", "μ°λ¦¬κ° μλ ν, μ΄ κ²°κ³Όλ μ λ‘κ° μμΌλ©° / μ΄μ μ μ€λͺ
λμ§ μμμ΅λλ€"),
("Although there are no / very few / hardly any studies to compare these results with, they seem to be in line with β¦", "μ΄ κ²°κ³Όμ λΉκ΅ν μ°κ΅¬κ° μκ±°λ / κ±°μ μκ±°λ / κ±°μ μμ§λ§, κ·Έλ€μ ...μ μΌμΉνλ κ² κ°μ΅λλ€")
],
"Evaluating your findings": [
("This finding / result / outcome is likely to be / may be / could be related to β¦", "μ΄ λ°κ²¬ / κ²°κ³Ό / κ²°κ³Όλ ...μ κ΄λ ¨μ΄ μμ μ μμ΅λλ€ / κ΄λ ¨λ μ μμ΅λλ€"),
("The possible / probable / likely reason for this is that β¦", "μ΄κ²μ λν κ°λ₯ν / κ°λ₯ν / κ°λ₯ν μ΄μ λ ...μ
λλ€"),
("The reason for this is not clear / immediately apparent / immediately obvious.", "μ΄κ²μ λν μ΄μ λ λΆλͺ
νμ§ μμ΅λλ€ / μ¦μ λͺ
λ°±νμ§ μμ΅λλ€ / μ¦μ λͺ
λ°±νμ§ μμ΅λλ€"),
("We were unable / unable to find any correlation between X and Y.", "μ°λ¦¬λ Xμ Y μ¬μ΄μ μκ΄ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ μ μμμ΅λλ€ / μ°Ύμ μ μμμ΅λλ€"),
("An alternative / another possible explanation for this might be β¦", "μ΄κ²μ λν λμ / λ λ€λ₯Έ κ°λ₯ν μ€λͺ
μ ...μΌ μ μμ΅λλ€")
],
"Indicating confidence / lack of confidence in your findings": [
("We are confident / fairly certain / certain / convinced that our results can be extrapolated / transferred to β¦", "μ°λ¦¬λ μ°λ¦¬μ κ²°κ³Όκ° ...μ μΈμ½ / μ μ‘λ μ μλ€κ³ νμ ν©λλ€ / κ½€ νμ ν©λλ€ / νμ ν©λλ€ / νμ ν©λλ€"),
("This is a promising / encouraging finding, which is / is not in line with our expectations.", "μ΄κ²μ μ°λ¦¬μ κΈ°λμ μΌμΉνλ / μΌμΉνμ§ μλ μ λ§ν / κ³ λ¬΄μ μΈ λ°κ²¬μ
λλ€"),
("However, we are less confident about β¦", "κ·Έλ¬λ, μ°λ¦¬λ ...μ λν΄ λ νμ ν©λλ€"),
("Despite the promising results, this finding needs to be confirmed / validated / verified by a larger sample size.", "μ λ§ν κ²°κ³Όμλ λΆκ΅¬νκ³ , μ΄ λ°κ²¬μ λ ν° μν ν¬κΈ°μ μν΄ νμΈ / κ²μ¦ / κ²μ¦λ νμκ° μμ΅λλ€"),
("It is unclear / debatable / questionable / uncertain whether these findings can be applied to β¦", "μ΄ λ°κ²¬μ΄ ...μ μ μ©λ μ μλμ§λ λΆλΆλͺ
ν©λλ€ / λ
Όλμ μ¬μ§κ° μμ΅λλ€ / μλ¬Έμ
λλ€ / λΆνμ€ν©λλ€")
],
"Mentioning problems that were encountered": [
("One problem / issue / difficulty we encountered was β¦", "μ°λ¦¬κ° μ§λ©΄ν ν κ°μ§ λ¬Έμ / λ¬Έμ / μ΄λ €μμ ...μ
λλ€"),
("We encountered / experienced / faced a number of problems with β¦", "μ°λ¦¬λ ...μ λ§μ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό λ§λ¬μ΅λλ€ / κ²½ννμ΅λλ€ / μ§λ©΄νμ΅λλ€"),
("There were several limitations / constraints / difficulties in β¦", "μ¬λ¬ μ ν μ¬ν / μ μ½ / μ΄λ €μμ΄ μμμ΅λλ€"),
("Another problem was that / with β¦", "λ λ€λ₯Έ λ¬Έμ λ ...μ΄μμ΅λλ€"),
("It is important to note / recognize / be aware that β¦", "μ€μν κ²μ ...λ₯Ό μ£Όλͺ© / μΈμ / μΈμνλ κ²μ
λλ€")
],
"Explaining an unexpected result": [
("The unexpected result / finding was that β¦", "μκΈ°μΉ μμ κ²°κ³Ό / λ°κ²¬μ ...μ
λλ€"),
("Interestingly / Surprisingly / Unexpectedly, we found that β¦", "ν₯λ―Έλ‘κ²λ / λλκ²λ / μκΈ°μΉ μκ² μ°λ¦¬λ ...μ λ°κ²¬νμ΅λλ€"),
("One unexpected result was β¦", "ν κ°μ§ μκΈ°μΉ μμ κ²°κ³Όλ ...μ΄μμ΅λλ€"),
("It is unclear / unclear why β¦", "μ ...μΈμ§ λΆλΆλͺ
ν©λλ€ / λΆλͺ
νν©λλ€"),
("Possible explanations for this include β¦", "μ΄μ λν κ°λ₯ν μ€λͺ
μ ...μ ν¬ν¨ν©λλ€")
],
"Proposing future work": [
("Further work / research / investigation is needed to β¦", "μΆκ° μμ
/ μ°κ΅¬ / μ‘°μ¬κ° νμν©λλ€ ..."),
("Future studies should focus on β¦", "λ―Έλμ μ°κ΅¬λ ...μ μ΄μ μ λ§μΆ°μΌ ν©λλ€"),
("Further work is required to determine / confirm / establish β¦", "μΆκ° μμ
μ ...μ κ²°μ / νμΈ / μ€μ νκΈ° μν΄ νμν©λλ€"),
("Future research could explore / examine β¦", "λ―Έλμ μ°κ΅¬λ ...μ νꡬ / κ²ν ν μ μμ΅λλ€"),
("It would be interesting / valuable to investigate β¦", "...μ μ‘°μ¬νλ κ²μ ν₯λ―Έλ‘μΈ / κ°μΉ μμ κ²μ
λλ€")
],
"Concluding your paper": [
("In conclusion, we have demonstrated that β¦", "κ²°λ‘ μ μΌλ‘, μ°λ¦¬λ ...μ μ
μ¦νμ΅λλ€"),
("To sum up, our findings suggest that β¦", "μμ½νλ©΄, μ°λ¦¬μ λ°κ²¬μ ...μ μμ¬ν©λλ€"),
("Overall, our results indicate that β¦", "μ λ°μ μΌλ‘, μ°λ¦¬μ κ²°κ³Όλ ...μ λνλ
λλ€"),
("In summary, we have shown that β¦", "μμ½νλ©΄, μ°λ¦¬λ ...μ 보μ¬μ£Όμμ΅λλ€"),
("Taken together, our findings support the hypothesis that β¦", "μ’
ν©μ μΌλ‘, μ°λ¦¬μ λ°κ²¬μ ...λΌλ κ°μ€μ μ§μ§ν©λλ€")
]
}
import gradio as gr
import pandas as pd
def get_phrases(category):
data = categories.get(category, [])
df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=["English", "Korean"])
return df
def display_phrases(category):
df = get_phrases(category)
return gr.DataFrame(df)
category_list = list(categories.keys())
interface = gr.Interface(fn=display_phrases, inputs=gr.Dropdown(category_list), outputs="dataframe", live=True)
interface.launch()
def get_phrases(category):
data = categories.get(category, [])
df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=["English", "Korean"])
return df
# Create the Gradio interface
def display_phrases(category):
df = get_phrases(category)
return gr.DataFrame(df)
category_list = list(categories.keys())
interface = gr.Interface(fn=display_phrases, inputs=gr.Dropdown(category_list), outputs="dataframe", live=True)
interface.launch()
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