• • 4 


w 



THE 


POETICAL 

HISTORY 1 


BEING 


A Compleat COLLECTION 


OF ALL THE 


STORIES 

Necellary tor a Perfect ZhtAerftanding of the 


GPEEI( and LATINE <P0ETS 


j 


And other ANCIENT AUTHORS, 

f 


Written Originally in Frenchby the Learned Jefnit 


T>. 


GAL T RV C HIV S. 


Now EngLfbed, and enriched with Ob few at ions 
concerning th&Gods worfliipped by our Anceflorsin this ijland , 
by the Phoenicians and Syrians in Aft a, with many ufeful Notes 
and occafional Proverbs , gathered out of the bed Authors, 


Unto which are added TIVO TREATISES: 

ONE, 

Of the Curl ofities of old ROME, and ofthedifficuk 
Names relating to the Affairs of that CITY. 

THE OTHER, 

Containing the mft remarkable Hieroglyphict>s of Aigypt. 


The Fifth Edition Corrected and Amended. 

m ■ 


By MARI VS T? AS S I G NT, B. D. 


London , Printed for Pitt , at the Angel over 




gainft the Great North 




































Intend not to make any Apology for 
this Book : If it cannot juftifie it felf. 
from the idle afperfions of its enemies , I 
fhall freely confent that it may undergo, 


their Cenfures. 


Neither do I intend to court. 


my Reader , norperfwade him to the perufalof 
it: I (hall only fay this , that what others 
have imperfealy mentioned in feveral Trea - 
tifes , and much more, is here in this one 
Volumn briefly comprehended , without much 
Interpretation , I cohfefs for I look upon 
Juch Expofitions as have been already given 
to the Fables of the Heathen Gods , as the 
■ filly Productions and groundlefs Fancies of 
Religious Minds, who have laboured to find 
' ; in the Ignorance of Paganifna, the Difco - 


A j 


vcriei 


The Preface to the 


veries oftheGofpel ; inHhe contrivances and 
infpirations of the Devil , the fublmtft My* 
fteries of Chriftianity . Such Interpreters 
of the Poets are near related to that wife 
Expofttor of the Revelations, who would 
needs declare the meaning ofthe Vi funs of 
St. John, by certain Characters, found'upon 

the back of fome Fifhes , taken near the 
Northern Pole, The Wit of Man may ft retch 

oat a comparifon between Light and Dark- 

ttefs , between Vertue and Vice , between 
Chriftianity and Gentilifm : But I fee no 
reajon to believe\ that the latter was a Fa¬ 
vourer of the former. The Devils , who 
were the firft promoters of Poetical Inven¬ 
tions , had miftaken their Intereft , if 
they had taught their LVorfhippers the Re¬ 
demption of Man by Chrift , and entertained 
them in an expectation of a Meffias to come* 
Some wife Heathens , afbamed of their Reli* 
gidn , have endeavoured to Allegorize upon 
all the Fables , and cover thofe impudent 
Stories with a vertuous Glofs , as Aver- 



i 


» 

judicious Reader 

might engage Men in his fet 


9 


them to abhor the Sandity and Purity of Chri¬ 
ftianity. 

And if thefe Fables have any thing of re¬ 
ality and truths they difcover to ore of the eft ate 


of the Devils 


\gft themfel 


than the 


Wonders of Nature; For we areinformedfrom 
the learned Heathens > that theft did worfbip 

the Devils . Porphy rius acknowledged it, and 


lament Sybecaufe ft, 


the Preaching of the. 


Gofpel, Men could not have fo much familiarity 
with thetoy nor receive from them Inft ruCtions 

as before . - • • 

Plato, and his Difciples , call the Heatheti 

Gods y Jupiter, and the refti Dseinones; Be - 


fides, others divide them Into three Orders : 
The higheft , is above all Elementary Subflan v 
ees, with which their Beings have not the leaft 


Relation. 

ruling and 

The third 


The fecond 


appointed for. th6 


oling of the Celeftial Globes 
are flattered among, the Eft 


ments, according to , 
then Philofophers. 

wed Sca{A0p P 






V 


the DoClrine of the He4- 'Avrofatiav, 6i 

Jupiter himelf was m- 


Abaddon . 

*VVhofehartd(4 


Hcu(A 0 v dKArv! *5 * as La&an* are fttfned 

tius teds us out of the Pagan Writers ; 
and Beelzebub , filled in Scripture the l V/ ’ 
Prince of the Devils 


by the Heathens 


> 


fi 


faid to be Jupiter Hi 


J upiter 


is 


lied 'Pf; 


W// ai ©■ ? Mufcarius, or the driver away of&miMu 
Flies : and p.vUy?& f and the killer 


vf Flies 


lecaufe the Flies are Creatures 



/ 


A 4 


formed 


!■— f- v. i 


* >- » _ _• . 


• : w-tt.uL i 



the fecond Rework of the Air. 


fupicerifcifw the Father of Day 

lucetius quia. n u • . Uo a u ,l^ 


* 


Lucetius 


> 


iTcenTs adjZ thc Sm is the Autkw °f Light,'4>w<pQp@* 9 or 

vau Cell. Lucifer* ifcthreus, Panomphasus, 

Jupiter fftau- Arifbeus, Aratrius, and 2 m brn 

crob. iib.^Sat/ ™ becaufe the Sun is the Vniverfal Caufe 




QSl 

<r 


Lucifir, is the of Life 


and Motjon. 


thefe Epithets at- 


Devil a- tributed to Jupiter, have a relation to the 
mongftcbri- Sun ; therefore we way conclude from thence, 
fiiaas. Jupiter and the Sun, or the Prince, of 

- the Devils, are the fame in the Theology of 

. - the Heathens. The reH of the Gods , or 


- . the Heathens. 

Bulk* P w; Devil** affedates 

tvff lib. 4;., 'jell to his porter. 


> 




«1 


cap. ? 


* .t 


4 * 


♦ ^ s 


Devils , affociates- of Beelzebub, and* fub* 
jell to his porter., do alfo bear : .the< ndmei of 
the mo ft Glorious . Stars of the. Firmament* 
They did ufurp thefe v names as feme ima¬ 
gine, becaufe* in the time of their Integrity $ 
they ; had been the moving Angels of' thefd 


♦ 


If J 


* 


0 


A 


5 or 




perfwaded by> that , mews to. oblige tie Men 
’ ' ef 


\ 




* 

t 




t 


y 


1, 


The 


nno 


or 


called in Holy Writ 

« m O f*A v #T. • . 


das mderftands to be a number of Stars in a^**, **^ 
the Zodiack . iSfom the learned Rabbins, iwfa 

have fearcftd moil into the nature, and man - srid**** 7 ** 


ner 0 


k* 


0 


form its* that there 
riled Mazouroth, 


itual Beings, do 
order of Angels 


* 


that which 


roth, the lorn ft order 
degenerated into Devils 


or 


It Viatnid 


ftems that they did yet bear the name of the Wfawfafa 
places from whence they are jhamefully fallen ,, 
and do make ufe of the bleffed Influences, and ofervm'^ 

univerfal Cred it, of the mod beneficial Stars, prajkiie fai- 
to procure to them]elves the. Homages of tnor- <hummntt^ 


m* 

vm 


. * 
s r» 


♦ 


* ► 


* + 


r 


V 




That the Gods of the Heathens were the nmfyfimf 
Devils, or Apoflate Angels, may alfo appear 
//•«» pfo exprefs words of Scripture. 


r > 


' \ 


The 


Heathens are /aid to h 

Devils in many places 


Mar tit 


faid to have worfbipped the r ^y jmf 


Deut 


3* 


e 


* » 


ce to Devils, 1 Cor. 1 o. 
which the Gentiles Sam 


Sabtnjum 
1 / * Saturni, 




Au- 


they Sacrificed to Devils 


Gentiles Sacrifice, ^ h>er 


phietern, oflm* 


. mam, nojut 

and not unto dmicpk: nri. 
faid that the broman. fa 


God, 


Pfal. 106 . 37 


It 


* ? 




£ 0 Tx 


Ifraelites did offer their Children unto !*. J 
Devils, and in the 6 5 th. of Ifaias, vetT. 11. 


there is 137 <n W D»D7J 
Table for Jupiter -y or ft 
and Gad were the fame . 


Gad 


preparing 


Vcrfion 


Jupiter faith : That 


This pa ([age is m r * blt 

.. foraTmptor 


rendered t thm kj the Seventy. Interpret fir Gad 


I « 


c 


ters 


> 


v 


v-.-.Viv* 





» 


/ ' 


: I 

;!i 

if 

u * 

tf i 

!i i 


» * 


The Preface to the 

— 

ters > Iriiydyti r$ Adj^o/ip f where you 

fee that Jupiter, and the Star Gad, worfhipped 
as the chief God of that; place , are exprefly 


as the chief God of that; place , are exprefly 
Mtpmid, lib. called the Devil, He was dlfo adored in the 

Jhape of a Goat. 

per^Wdedma- The Egyptians reprefentedthe Sun in their 

worft»lp 0 n the° Hieroglyphicks as a Goat; from hence it is 
fceaft that was that they did pay fo much refpett to the Image 
toftnirnencal of. this Animal. ' ‘ 

ftaSac P it Of this, kind of Worflip Mofes /peaks i 
tfie;%pent . 1 Levit. 17 . 7 . They fliall no more offer their 


ftacy. th 

•fie &rt> 

♦ * ^ S ‘ , 1 ^ ■ 

The 




i 


# t ‘ rt 


SS Sacrifice 

td haveiin ini- is OHE? 
mortal nature, r ,i a 


% 


unto Devils* 


In Hebrew there 


Go at Si It feems that this worfhip 


VBtf*** ™ the form of a Goat t ivas the wor- 
ftith of iiefhg. {hipping ef the great Devil. It was his cuftoM 
vtgyptids dm--to advance his lute reft, and perfwade the Na- 

- - . • / . 4 fl A 4 M ^ - - • - A 


b S MAUi tioni to adore him in ftead of God, hy caufing 
Aidthbdmpnas. the Names and the Beings mofl in favour 

Atd -%'feb. in wlt ^ J People Jo he cried up and Worshipped. 

Yrrf; ' Evang. In all the Eaflern Nations he'bears different 

W Titles: A Rome, he was called Jupiter * 
IStir t» Grrccia **; i» Perfia , Mithra ; in 


fyw 3 Phcenicia, • Baal ; 

% * 1 i " m 7 


« V V 01 lus ' in England, Thor 

unman- " n 


in Syria, Heliogaba 


ixdtxn™ 0 . Egypt, 0 * y9 , as Plato faith , or Ap is and 
And ail Mad- Qf ir j s . i n India, Topan; in Arabia, Dyo- 

the Serpents, nufos; in Scythia, Mars ; in Moab, Che- 


or Belenus ? rn 


hecaufe they mos, We mufl take notice of this particu- 
imagined they ^ other wife we /hall find our felves entang- 


had fomething 
of Divinity in 
them. 


led in 

Gods, 


0 

is 


ordinary confufion of Names of 


th 


which appear in the 


and 


L 


t- >- 


— ^ 


* " *j*s » 






Judlcious Reader. 

and flail not be able to difcover any fenfe . From hence k 
We are therefore by the chief God> worflip- w^thicvvho 

ped in every place, to underjland the Chief defired to be 

ondyrmo of the Apoflate Angels. He 


M 


his fellow Devils to fhare with him in invent, that 


the refpefts of the Nations , but they were not fj 1 * 

Jo univerfally adored , hecaufe their power them. 8 sST l 


and infection 


Therefore the Scripture puts 


fo univerfal 


notable difft 


his : 74** of 

i rr Altx audit 


rence between the Gods of the feveral Na¬ 
tions of the Eafl. In every place of the 


tions of the Eafl. In every place of the 
World thefe evil Spirits had ufurped Gods 
Rights and the Peoples Devotions , and had 
drawn them to Sacrifice unto them Creatures 


il Sp 


and humane Vi Aims, From hence - it is , 
that the fame Name is aferibed to many of 
the Heathen Gods , and that many of them 

were called Jupiter, Bacchus, Apollo, 


hecaufe that thefe evil Spirits 




adored by 


thefe Names , and ftgnified by the fame Titles t 
did haunt and rejide in fever a l corners of the 
World; being inclinable to the fame Vices, and 
delighting to tempt Men to the fame abomina¬ 


tions. 


1 * . *■ 


^ m 

- Many Fables were promoted of the Gods , to 

leffen in Men the efteem of the Great Creator , 
and to encourage by that-means Impiety by 
thefe Abfurdities. This feems to have been al- 
fo the Devils defign in encouraging Popery. Ac¬ 
cor ding to this opinion therefore , we are to look 
upon many of the Fables of the Gods as myfleri- 


- *• * 4 IA 

%. 1 \ \ * 


CM 


\ 


» : ' ' .4 


V » * 


r 


y rM 


V>3 


) 


ii* 1 ■ 1 j[ V :■, 


t* •* 


IV. •i'*? ** 

U; v * ; 




• V 




0 


.dVw jv , 




^ 4 


♦ 


r ft k * 


- < 




■l , >: 

.Vii/'i. 






^ t* 


J 


I 




c- : X .* 




. 4 J 


t * - 











ft 


difi 


The Prefece to the 

« 

9 a 

m 

vies of the Estate of the Devili. 


■amongfi themfelves ; when they /peak of Mar? 

riages and Alliances between them,theydo 


then fh 


unto 


defcenfh 


fame real Truths, with 

weak Capacities , and < 


our manner of expreffion, . I wilt not < 

Sure to particularize any of thefe Myjle 
mr offer to interpret things of whio 
have but ftrong conjectures, and a prot 

opinion. I Jhdll onely fay, that the D 
fitions of thefe feveral Devils , are cl 


to interpret things of which we 


and 


a 


1 Jhall onely fay, that the Difpo 
f thefe fever a l Devils , are clearl 


I 4 

' k * 

V*rto faith 
Jupiter is a 
God o (Pale¬ 
stine, becaufe 
the name is 


manifefl in their manner of Worjhip, . 
the Sacrifices that they did requireand 
the things afcribed to their tuition . Jupit< 


in 


the Emp 


of Heaven 


the chief 




the namefis the mofi powerful of all the Devils, filled 
derived from in. Holy Writ, The Prince of the Air, and 

vab,i h/rioiy h the Poets he is called Olympius, becaufe 

Name of Ai- 


he delights in the highefl pi 


XTpaTa©* 


mighty God- y ca ff e he hath fe many Legions of wicked 


Angels 


his command 


Martins, be caffe 


he did encourage War and Blood-fbcfftM- 
mongfi Hoipitalis v Arift«as, Tjjwtwz^©^ 

and other good names were given MtoJam; 
to fignifie feme remains: of Vertue and Good- 

nefs , which are yet in this Prince of Dar k - 

nefs. Juno, his Wife, as I conceive % is : ano¬ 


ther Devil , far infer lour in power and autho¬ 
rity, related to him in a* manner proper to 
their Spiritual Beings, fierce and cruel,,, an 

encourager of Pride and Wan tonne jff ii hei-c- 

"of 


* 


Judicious Reader, 

ff ■ the Peacock dedicated to 
war an Emblem . Apollo ft 


Devil excelling in Beauty 




the 


Ucated to this Goddeft 
Apollo feems to be a 

Jeauty. Knowledge , and 


eft of his Comrades . , Neptu 


nils 


fome Spirit that deligl 


in 


Ship 


wracks , and amongfi the Storms and Bit 

loins of the raging S,ea ; therefore he is na 
wed ns ivToptitov the Commander of the Sea 


i % 


famous 


the Commander of the Sea 

in the Sea ; and the Epi¬ 


thets proper to this Element are ajerihedto 
him as y E,yo<ri)4fosPEtoixQavXv*VOXcti , ?n{a 

y 

• • 

&c. Pluto is fome infernal Fiend\ that is 


ifernal Fiend, that is 


afhamed to behold the Light , therefore the 
reft of the Devils have affigned unto him 
Hell , or the concavities of the Earth , for his 


abode. Mars, the God of War 

•f ^ i ^ 


geth 


the effufion of Blood: This intimates his cru¬ 
elty, and tyrannical difpoftion. L could run 
over the reft of the Gods worfhipped by the 
Pagans, but this general intimation may fufe 
ficiently difeover unto the judicious Reader 


ficiently difeover 


the Judic 


the other truths of the Fables, 

.c v'^ ' 

F l think that this may be another 

of the frequent Relations between the 

W Mr \ ^ # • ‘ t « 4 4 » ff 


reafo, 

Hea 


then Gods , that 


a ll allied one to another , 


If they had not been difeovered 


us in 


manner 


the Devil could not have 


commended the foul pr afiice - of thofe Vices 
which are / deferihed in their Stories ; for as 
the mi/carriages of our lives do depend upon 


the mi/carriages of 


our 




f r 


to 1 one another % or to God 


4 

Creatour. 












The Preface to the 

* 

Creator , the Devil could not have propofed 


per fell example of thofe ad ions, nor encoura[ 
us to the imitation of them , if he had not 
vented the fame 'Relations between Apojl 


wed 


Angels as are between Men. 
Stories of the Heathen Gods 


Therefore thefe 
, are not only a 


real declaration of certain Secrets concerning 
the Eft ate of the evil Spirits, and the works 
of Nature , but many of them are ingenious 
Fables , contrived by the Devil , and delivered 
to the Poets , to difcredit Ferine, and caufe 


of Nature 


Vice to Reign with authority among Men : For 
when the Divinities , whom they did Worfhif, 
were guilty of fuch mi(demeanours ; whenfuch 
as had power to puniff , were the grand, abet¬ 
tors and protellors of their vitioas actions, 
they could neither think it ajlameful, nor a 
dangerous thing to obey their fuggejiions , and 
follow their Examples , By this means the 
Enemy of Mankind did labour to debfroy the 
works of God,and to deface the beautiful Image 
of our Creator , imprinted in our Souls, with all 
manner of Vices. The Devils admitted into 
their Society, and to their Divine Honours , 
many brave Souls , when they were departed 
out of the World, as Hercules, Amphiaraus, 
Antilochus, &c. to encourage others on their 
Service , in hopes of the fame Honours and 
Rewards . 

Our Learned Jefuit hath here given an ac¬ 
count of thefe Fables , with their ordinary in¬ 
terpretation. 


■ % 



render thefe Poetical Stories, and this Scho* 


la flick kind of Learning, ft for the perufalof 
judicious Men , as well as of young Students. 
Some things are related in a different manner ? 
according to different Opinions of the be ft 

Authors. 

\ • 

• , 

• • * • • _ • 



M.D. 


# r ^ ‘ 










H 


I 


Themoft Pleafant 

S T O 


O 


# 

R 


Y 


P 


O F T H E 


o 


E 


T 


s 


> 


Neceffary for the Underftarding of the 

heathen writers. 



Of the 


BOOK I. 

Chief Deities of the Heathens. 




C H A P. I, 

6 

The Story of S A T U R N. 

jHe Poets tell us that Heaven,called in K , , 
Greek anc ] (, y t h e Latins 3 b , u W*?*f- 

Ccelm, was the ancient# of all the 

Gods. He had b two Sons ■, the wj** 

named Satum _ 1 takuht cu 


youngefl named Sa 

of Time, committed 


S at urn 




the areifa-, 


the God <r@u)4y'i9\ 


adion full of impietv 

1 J rrJ.vTAulc 


t.M. 0 r P h.jn Hym. and attributed to Heaven what belonmo^GoddonA 


L* 8 TTctvrdf wjvct&vai Korp*, AmUoi 
autumns and Titan ; Apllodorus makes the 


moft 


; ”7 ® 0« r s, exes,‘ mrion , cries,, nd/^whS 

were 3ii ions ot old Cceius . as Oytih 9 ^ * 


againft him his other 


t/' % * ham 

alto, and rhe Gyants, loiiis Tmgonia. ; 

A/3f r 'A» n jt-ni. : 


, -* wiiuiu juymr 

father Cof/wj and names her K c /y't<ht 


otner sons the jfrtaw 5 when he was caught* 
’ , ./ r . om die drops of that blood have proceeded 

Tijiphone, and Megera*, and as Hf/W faith, 
isToeogonta : calls the Daughter of 

A^cT/tw, in his Hymn of Aa/fo Some faw 

whnm Ttjbito« _1 * t .!? 


Jupiter puoifhed as he had 




B 






_i‘* ^4 1 »r‘ ^ ♦ p 


. - + \ 


■*£W/-S3LJs£ 










I 




% 


%\)Z iptffow of 


Book I 


upon his Father, with his gracelefs Syth cut off 

his Privy Parts, and deprived him of the power 

of Begetting: What he had taken from him, he 

caft into the Sea, where by the continual agita¬ 
tion of the Waves, it found a favourable Womb 
among ft the Froth jfcr out of this bleeding fub- 
ftance the Goddefs^ enus was produced, as fome 

do fay. 

Titan was the Elder Brother of Saturn, there¬ 
fore the Kingdom of the World did appertain 
unto him by right •, but to comply with the per- 
. r fwafions of his Mother V°fta, and of Cybele his 

hTi.ven^o. Sifter, he willingly refigned unto Saturn the Sce- 
K fomcu Aw- pter for his life, upon this condition, that he 


K §omeu aw-’ pter for his life, upon this condition, that he 
ficu, vrov. of ihould never fuffer any Male Children to live, and 
fowl Eyes, for t ^t t | ie £ m pire of the World ihould after his 

reDrefemsi d deceafe return to Titans Pofterity. 

/.'if* with fil- Therefore Saturn was wont to devour all his 


thy Eyes, and Male Children 


foon as they were born; but 


-the Gout ac 
his feet. 

Vo cut nr a Vir- 
„ gilioVitiZator, 
<& ab Orphto 

d/Tl uvj & ■> 


when Cybele his Wife was happily brought to bed 
of Twins, Jupiter and Juno together, fhe earned 
little Jupiter to be conveyed away,and put in the 

hands of the Car-ties, or Corybantes, to be by 


'jjure or/hoJy 5 gree dy and 


them brought up| ihewing only J 


her 


Husband 


The 


; powerful;,^. 

. the 

. fir ft of die liu- 
.Triane race y 

:<t ftuAoywTwf j 

crafty fubtil j 


'yba 


fearing left the Child fhould be difeovered by its 
crying, invented a new fport, which was to leap 

and beat the ground in a certain meafure, called 

Dattyle, therefore they were alfo named T>abtyli 
IA*i. In their hands they had little brafsBuck- 


’Jafavfaae* lers, with which they did meet and Itrike atom 

another in order ■, the noife that they made there 
a If:. ... - by was fo great, that the cryes of young jup 


. a If:. ■ 

. i w i ji&h'T 

. v* 


could never be heard by Saturn 


After that 


h e had fever 


other Childr 


Nept 


and 


Pluto, who were alfo .privately nourifhed j>y 


Mother 






I~ * 2 • m 


■-v*. - 






p* 

* wi\ *" 


Ch. r. 


the ?)eat[)Cit Gods. 


Mother j and when fhe was once conftrained to 
d ireover unto herHusband the fruit of her Womb, 
ihe inftead of her Child gave into his hands a 
great Stone, which he greedily fwallowed in the 

dark. ApHodorm •, faith, that when Jupiter 


that when Jup 


came to be of age, he married Metis, ‘ the 
Daughter of Oceanus, who gave to Saturn a drink 

which made him vomit up his former Children j 


Nept 


Pluto 


&c 


whom he had fwallo'wed 


As foon at Titan was informed how his expecta¬ 
tion was fruftrated, and what impediments were 

likely to be, to his lawfulSucceflion, contrary to 
the former agreement, and the Oath that was 
given, herefolved, with the affiftance ofhis Sons, 


make War upon Saturn 


When he Had 


qui/hed him, heclapthim faft in Prifon with his 

Wife Cybele, and there kept them until Jupiter 
came to be of fufficient age to deliver them. But 


Saturn having 

^ o 


by fome Oracle, that 


of his Sons ihould take from him his Scepter and 
Kingdom, he refolved to lay fnares for his Son 


J*P 


that he might deftroyhim 


This 


foiution was the caufe of his final rufte « for 

Jupiter was fomuch offended at the defign ofhis 
Father, that he revolted from him, and by force 

of Arms cafi; him out of his Kingdom, and the 
Empire of Heaven *, from whence he came ftraic 


into Italy to hide himfelf, and therefore it was 

called Latium, A latendo . Non, Dionyf. lib. 24 
verf 239. faith, that he caft him into Hell y but 
Zocban applies this Story to Nimrod’, s Ufurpa- 


tion of the Supreme Power 


Janus the King of 


this Countrey received him with all civility and 


refpeift 


It 


laid that Satan? brought upon 


earth that Golden Age, fo famous in the Poets, 
when the ground did yield all forts of fruits 

B 2 without 








; 4 Cfje of Book I. 

without labour and manuring, when Afiraa, 
otherwife called Juft ice, did manage the affairs of 
men, and then they did live together in a per fed: 
love and amity. The Poets mention Four re¬ 
markable Ages, the Golden Age under Saturn or 
Noah % when — non fix ns in agris, gtii regent , 
certif finibus arva lapis, Tibul./. i.Eleg. 3. the 
Silver Age was under Jupiter, or the Pofterity 

of Noah, Cum primum fubiere domos, &c. the 
Eraz.cn was under Nimrod, Turn laqueis captare 
/eras, & fallere vifco, &c. Virgil* the Iron Age 

VoubAtuv cU- continues yet. This Janus was enrolled in the 
vipr^iiUda- number of the Gods, not only for the favour that 

vim & virgam ^ ^id unto Saturn, but alfo becaufe he was the 

Tlbus!clufuiT wife ft Prince of his time *, and becaufe he had a 
Yitulcius , knowledge of the time paft, and of that which 
conftvlus. vvas to come, for that reafon you fhall find him 
Ovid. inFafi* re prefented with two Faces. Numa Pompilius, 

the King of the Romans, built him a Temple, 
which was always open when the Commonwealth 
had any Wars, and was never fliut but in an 
Univerfal Peace. 

* - Additional Note. 


The Learned Bochartus endeavours to prove 
that Saturn is Noah, and that all the Fables of 

him are delineations of his true Hiftory : His Gol¬ 


den Age is exprefted by Martial, l. 12.Epig.63. 
Ovid , in Metamorph.l. 1. and Hefiod, in The agon. 
Noahh Dr unken neft hath occafion’d the, Saturnalia 
of Rome*, and his Nakednefs, the Law that none 

fiiouldbehold theGods naked without punilhment 


Saturn is faidtobe born of Casks and Terra, or of 


Oceanus and Thetis, becaufe of the Deluge of 
Water,out of which be pafled. The three Sons of 


Saturn ,divided the Empire between them 


equal to tljg three Sons oif Noah the youngeffc 


Ham 


1 


M * 


> — 


... 4 


Ch. 1. t&e ©eat&eit Gods; f 

Ham, he proves to be Jupiter ; Japhet to be Neptu- * 
tins ; and Sem to be Pluto and that their dif¬ 
ferent Governments have a relation to the places 
which they have inhabited. Becaufe Ham fa- 
parted into Egypt and Lybia, places that are hot 
he is faid to have entred into the pofieffion of Hea¬ 
ven, for Lucan faith, that-: proxima Ccelo eft 

Lybia, lib. 9. Becaufe Japhet had to his lot 
Europe, and the Iflands, he was made God of the 

Sea. Thefewere noted for their Pofiefiions, but 

Sem was remarkable for his Piety, and care to 

prepare himfelf for another life j he was therefore 
by his profane Brethren eftablifhed the God of 
Hell, by way ofderifion, to caftan odium upon the 
Truth, that remained ftill in his Family.This is 
the opinion of that Learned Divine, and of many 
others I conceive, that fuch as invented thefe Fa¬ 
bles may have had an eye to Noah and his Sons •. 
but the Devils, that kept up the Worfhip of thefe 
Gods in their feveral precinCts, had only an intent 
to make ufe of the true Stories and Names received 
by a long Tradition, to oblige the men of this 

World to worfiiip them. 

Therefore this and the other Interpretations, if 

well underftood, do not contradict that which I 
have noted in the Preface. 

The Poets tell us, that Coelm was the great 
Grand father of all the Gods, his Wife 1 Nefta 

brought forth a multitude ofSons and Daughters ; 

from Heftod we are informed of their Names, 

c °duio Japetpu, Theia , Hyperion, Rhea, Themis, 

Mnemofyne, Phoebe, Tethys, Satunms, Gy?as, 

Jit an, ‘Brontes, &c. • 

Aplkdorm faith, that Calm was married to the Number 
the Earth, of whom lie had three forts ofChildren, is 45. 

theGyants with an hundred hands and fifty Heads, 

B 3 named 


S 






6 


me mow of 


Book I 


V 

4 

r 


r 

> 


The 


‘ J 


i 


M , 
Mars 


Venus 


JJeptunus 


Jupiter, hath f mcc found a place amongft the Stars 


Apollo 


named Briar etts 7 Gy an, and Cam, the Cyclopes 
and the Titans , of whom Saturn was the youngeft. 
The moftconfiderable,were 5 ^//rwwand 7 />^«i 
chief Gods of the latter was the EJdeft,buttheYounger got the 

vT' mTwy unt ^ he was thruft out of it by his Ne- 

JL %r,™nL phews the Titans. Jupiter did afterwards recover 

it again, with the help of the reft of the Gods, 
who fwore fidelity to him upon an Altar, that 

He 

was fo happy in this War, that he put all the 77 - 
tatis to death, and fo freed his Parents from their 
fetters. Now from the corrupt blood of thefe 
Titans , all the Vipers, Serpents, and venemous 
Creatures of theEarth have proceeded .They were 
efteemed to be the firft that made ufe of Wheat, 
having received' diredions how to fow it from 
Ceres in Sicily. That Bland was therefore called 
Drepanum, which fignifies a Sickle, with which 

men do reap this fort of Grain, whereas it was 

before named e ATacrU and Coryca. 

Sat Hymn was a wife Prince, but unfortunate, 
forced to flye from the fury of his Son Jupiter - 
Belus into Italy , where he taught the Subjeds of 


Greek 


King Janus a more polite manner of living 
“ they knew before , for this good office J 


was named 
Saturnia 


warded him with the half of his Kingdom he 
taught them to manure and improve the Soil, and 


theSacrifi- therefore he 


called Sterculius * His Priefts 


were initiated in Scarlet Robes, to exprefs their 
GodsthePrieft bloody minds^ they performed his Sacrifices with 

Siteil? their heads uncovered,and did offer unto this cruel 

God young Infants, for which inhumanity they 

were all crucified under Tiberim Cajar .. 

* Saturnus was painted with fix wings, to 


head . 0 _ 

3 . 1 VEneid. 

* He is the 


Mo 


e Jfratlites 

powerful r 


that word is derived from T 7 S 


exprefs 


Ch : . 1. 


tfje Deat&tn Gods. 


* ^ 


i 



- ♦ ^ # 


wool, in its hand a Serpent biting its tayl, with 


a Sickle and an old garment.hanging upon him; 


Jupiter his Son ferved him as he had done formerly 


his Father Coslus, for he cutoff his Privy Parts - 7 


he was mightily honoured of the Romans and 



t . ♦ 


i B r * 


*. * 
A/ 



of an Embaffy from Rome for the People 

__n_ ■> j n^j 1 __ l . 



they approved not that Men ffiould be offered- to on his Feffi 



val day they 


•kept his Statue always bound with Iron Chains; did loofehim 

-- nr* • 1 - i - - , i .. • > ' from his 


as the Tyrians did Hercules when their City was 


befieged by Alexander. 


f < 


- \ 




chains. 


In December were the F^ftlval 



Anna nunc 


I ^ 

inhumane God, called a time dedicated revocet Saturn! 


to debauchery and diforder, as the Carnaval is Hi 


the Popiffi Dominions, 



take upon them to commaiid their Maftbrsf aiicl 



1 : 


\ — 


puniffiment, wearing on their-heads a Gam’as a 

If - ! I 1 " 1 * m 1 « - • . * «i • «* * —T 


Badge of Freedom, while theft days lafted. - It 


was alfo the cuftom to fend Wax Tapers tliehjas 

_ (Y* _ /*n»- 1 r - r • - » ^ 1 • r- . 




is remarkable, the Romans * depoftd udder This Temple 


his prote<ftion,and in hi 



y was very 
£ ftrong and 


fecure from ] 

Ml t J 


Thieves. 


of the Skin of Elephants 


B ^ 




CHAP. 





vK 


:tit 




1 








g 


X 


Cfje of 


Book I. 




ft -* 


CHAP. II. 


The Story of C Y B E L E, 


J Or Cyhtlit. 


* 


c 




the Wife 


Saturn* had feveral 


Names, ihe wastalled Dyndimene , 

cinthia, and the Grand; Mother, not only becaufe 
(he had brought forth the Gods, but alfo becanfe 
fhe was the Goddefs of the Earth, which pro¬ 
duced! all things; and for that reafon fhe was 
called by the Latins Ops 7 and by the Greeks 
Rhea. 

0* ' 4 

She was wont to ride in a chariot drawn by 
Lions j her folemn Feftivals, called Megalefay 
... were every fourth month, at which time the 

$ $ Corybantes that were her Priefts, did ad the part 

pfMad-men, with their Drums, Trumpets, and 

wL Pther Inftruments. The Gauls that had 
of cybti. ’ planted themfelves in ‘Rhrygia, did on thefe days 

move themfelves fo much, that by degrees they 

became really mad, ftriking one another with 
Swords, and other Weapons, in wantonnefs, but 
many times they grievoufly wounded themfelves. 
At the end of the Sport, they wafhed their bodies 

and their wounds in forne River dedicated to this 


Goddefs. .. 

. . . 

, Cybele was alfo named Vetta, but the Poets, as 
their manner is, do vary in this particular j for 
fometimes they call Fefia the Wife of Saturrty 
fometimes his Mother, and fometimes his Sifter or 
his Daughter. 

They gave unto one perfon divers names,which 
agree with different perfons, they deal in the fame 
ipanner with ethers, with Jmter , Hercules , &c> 

4 How- 


>1* . k 




ch. z. t&e Gods. 

However it is certain, that Cybele* railed other wife 
Keftay is the Goddefs of Fire, whom Numa Tom- 
filiusy amongft the Romans , adored with ftrange 
and wonderful Ceremonies; for he dedicated 
unto her a Fire, which was called Eternal, be- 
caufe it was to be always continued alive } he 
ordained for her Priefts, named Fefial Virgins , 
who were feverely chaftifed by the High-Prieft, 
if at any time they fuffered the Eternal Fire to go 
out. In fuch a cafe, it was not to be lighted 
again, but by the Sun-beams. Thefe Feflals were 
chofen out of the Nobleft Families of Romey and 
were to keep their Virginity whilft they re¬ 
mained in the Service of this Goddefs - 7 when 
they did other wife they were buried in the 
grou nd alive, 

Additional Note. 


Cybele 


the Grand-Mother of the Gods, is 


l 


fometimes taken for Fire 


Earth 


She 


fometimes for the 


was born in Syria 


called Syria Rea, becaufe Ihe 


ihe was reprefented with 


Towers upon her Head, fitting in a Chariot Voutur vyn- 
drawn with Lions 5 her Priefts were called Gal- dmtnt a mm. 

lantesy or Galli , and their chief Leader Archi- mater 1 
gallusy becaufe they were chofen out of Gallo- fcmaur dmit, 
gracidy a Province of zAfia minor , joyning to bona dea, ops, 

Phrygia, They were noted for their madnefs, Rhia > 
which they did exprefs by their Pingings, howl- 

mgs, founding the Trumpets, and cutting them- // J ? brygU 

lelves defperately, and all that they met. Of this Actjufo, m- 

Goddefs we fhall fpeak more at the end of the w- 

twelfth Chanter. 


mattr. 


loco Phrygia^ 


’ * 

Goddefs we 


twelfth Chapter. P*fi- 

, thin, ifodrottta , 

quia turn to, erat , Mygdonia h Mygdono Phrygia urbr, *Avt*U 

Tut*, Ajporna a loco Phrygia ma. Rbta. Tattyt t# Tipvw, Prov . quia ca 


^Irapant felpfi 


The 




fSrfi- « .. 


r. - ■ S>.■ v WL* - -: ’• /-- v.: - . *■ vv\ . ^ 




ro 


c&e mm of 


Book I. 


In Greek %&*> 
derived as 

w • 


▼ * • 

The Goddefs Vefia was highly honoured by the 

Romans , they did diftinguifh her from Cybele , 

1 • . fl • 4 ^ « 


Fire. 


and appoint unto her particular Sacrifices and 
t e 7p ern pj es ^. although the Poets do confound their 


Names and take one for the other. 


She was the 


Vefta a Goddefs ofElemental Fire, herTemple was round, 


ribHs&TtrbU' anc * ^ tw0 Lamps were continually burning. 

’ Some fay, that there was in the innermoft part 

of it a Fire, fufpended in the Air in pots of earth, 

kept always alive by the Vefial Virgins : When 

it happened, by fome misfortune, to be ext in A, 

ralVto die f°me fearful accident did immediately follow to 

Poets, one the the Roman Empire therefore they puniffied the 
wife of Sa- Virgins, by whofe negligence the fire did go out, 
turn, and the in a very cruel manner,This Goddefs was named 
other the Mater , Mother, and Ihe had her Statues ftanding 

firftfs taken C m many Porches^ from hence is derived the word 
for the Earth, Vcfiibulum, becaufe they were confecrated to 
the latter for Vefia , as to the chief of the houffiold Goddelfes, 

^ie Element of an d there it was that the Romans feafted thern- 

lre * felves \ her Temple was magnificent, in it was 

laid, up the Palladium, or. Image of Pallas, fo 
r; highly efteem’d ofthe^o^w, becaufe the Oracle 
hadpronouncedjthatthefafetyoftheirEmpiredid 
depend upon the prefervation of it, and becaufe pi¬ 
ous *j£neas brought it with him from Troy, having 
preferved it with hishoufhold Gods, and his aged 
Father, from the burning of that City. They 
were fo mueh afraid to lofe it, that L. C aciUus 
MetellttiyZ man fufficiently renowned for his Va- 
' lour and Victories obtained upon theCarthagimans 
in Sicily , hazarded his life to fave it From the 

Flames when the Temple was burning about his 

ears. He did then preferve the Palladim .^ut 


There are two 


Fire. 


/ 


V r ' 


ears. 


loft hia .Eyes in the fmoke.. 


The Senate to ac 


knowledge his care and courage, commanded that 

his 


IX 


Ch. 3. tU rpcatflftt Gods. 

his Statue Ihould be placed in the Capitol.On the 
top of refid's Temple ftood her Effigies ^ which 
was aWoman fitting, having little Jupiter in her 
arms. Her Priefts were to keep their Virginity 
30 years, which was tbe time appointed for their 
attendance. They were honoured fo much, that 
if they did cafually meet in the ftreets an offender, 
they could procure unto him his pardon *, but if 
they difhonoured the fervice of their Goddefs,by 
carnal Copulation with any Man, they were to dye 
without mercy, being condemned to be buried 
alive with water and bread. It was a cuftom alfo 
in all folemn Sacrifices, to begin the Solemnity by 
praying unto Vefta, and to end it by an addrefs cum jam & • 
unto the fame Goddefs. She was honoured alfo vim Vtftm, 1 
as the Goddefs of Fodder,therefore fhe was called 
Magna Pales ; they offered unto her the firftf^^ 

fruits of all things, efpecially of Frankincenfe, of 
Flowers and of Wheat, &c. 


CHAP. III. 

The Story of JUPITER. 

% 

W Hen Jupiter, the Son of Sat urn us and Vocabatur pi- 

Cybele, had put his Father to flight, he ab Orpheo 
divided theEmpire of the World between himfelf ’ 7r ^ 7 '^ dv^aie 

and Brothers •, he took to his ffiare the command p * a ppaus, Rex 

of Heaven, he affigned the Waters to his Brother Jupit.opt.max* 

Neptune , and fent Pluto to dwell in Hell. imperator, VU 

ftor, inviQus j 

null Vrinceps Damnum , qai fibi Dei omnipot. nomina & honorem arr'oga- 
baty co'sbatur fub iis nominibus. Dicebatur etiam Capitolinas Roma , 
Tarpeius, Fulminator , Fulmar at or , Tonans, Ftretrius a feriendo hofiem, La- 
tialis. Stator, Pi si or, Lapidtns, Alittrius, Diefpiter, Vimimus, Vtjupiterj. e. 
parvus Jupiter } Da] ahs, Pradator, Hi tor, &c, d Gratis vocabatur Zive 

Ditians 








> S' 


i 1 


* ’ 


I i 
) t 


ii 


€J)e Of 


Book I 


Ditto mntt Crtta, foe. Ida us, v£giocbus, txrxty&t Jucmdus & 


w©-, QmTti®--) y.ot&.ybTtif, 9rA«fi7©-, xs&<ti%tQ- 


- . , , - 

cpJ.tiQt, X4L}d°ffi@-i ujitoiQ-, Vo dona us in Epiro 

urn j ’ A']vexQ -, dotzodv]t@-, dor Ai/57^ or Actspta©-, r. 


0*j , XdLVQU.®tU& 


ejus oyo.cv.Ium j 'A / Ja,fit/et@~i etireemvj/®-, eiw 

V /©*, XS vatt0 ^ 


5 f 96 w©-, tKuoui©- 


' Vs -» — ' ri#^ a 9 - /\ # ^ / § - 

$u£/(§K u / 4 / 5‘©"’ o/xoAa/©-, C'dartH, xo\t<£f 


Vt&, 1 - . _ . . . _ , ---- 

/war, Affabinus apud Arabes, <r«THf, {jtyvroUs vex©-, K»veu@-, alyupi - 

3 /(SS <£piS/(§K oe^oi) fc-TAxeiof, &hKtLp 7 rio(, iexoft 1 j^iixsJdiv, ivytifxoe ; 
t/f/ 4 Ucis 11bi colebitur , w/ 4 rebut qua Jovi tribuebantur . 

He was called the Father of the Gods, and the 


m 


HA/©*, T6A«©',atpaTp/©' 


OJU©-, dd-ea©-, xd/Kau©- 


King of men 


he only had the power to handle 


the Thunderbolts, and to hold the World 


fubiettion 


He had not long reigned, when the 


A* oilod. relates Barth being incenfed, becaufe he had cruffitin 
that the Earth pieces the Titans, fhe brought forth againft him 
being concern- many dreadful Monfters of an extraordinary bigr 
cdfor theim- nefs, and fent them up tobefiege Heaven, and 

her°Sons D the° f dr * 7 e bbn B rorn tbence. For that intent they had 
7 *fthrought tBeir rendezvous in Tbeffaly, , in the midlt of the 
forth moft ter- Phlcprean Fields, where it was refolved by them, 

rible Gyants } to raife one Mountain upon another, and thus 

mlcy 0 Z°us nd to make an , eafie 2 Beent into Heaven. They 
were the mod began this difficult work, to fcale Heaven, and 
noted, the lad affiauit it with great Rocks, and other fearful En- 
was killed by gjnes : Amongfl the Befiegers was Enceladus, 

fax™pohbotes ^ r ^ areus -> or «y%ec»,withan hundred hands,which 


Enceladus 


fus™poly botes B r * areus ’ or e/tfw»,withan hundred hands,which 
EurytusyBip-' be employed in calling up againft Jupiter the 

politus, and Rorks of fhe 5?pu-fhnrp T'vtiUnn uiaz rrnlpfc 


Typh 


a grins were remarkable amonglt them, becaufe he exceeded 
*!j e if kT ? r b e Be Monfters, in bignefs of body and 
ants/ After” ftrength, for with his head he did reach to the 

that thefe were dedroyed by the Gods, Terr* brought forth, with the affi- 
dance of Hell, * Typbon in Sicily, Jupiter undertook him, and wounded 


dance 


him with his Thunderbolts, but he feized upon him, and cut off his hands 
and legs, and imprifoned him in a Cave in Cilicia, where Mtrcurim found 

him, and delivered him Jupiter afterwards overcame him, and buried him 

under the Mount v£tna. 

- # 

Heavens, 


* 1 : 


' M . **•— 




* 




Ch. 3. tfi€ |>eatf)en Gods. 

Heavens, his Arms he could ftretch from the 
Northern to the Southern Pole ; he was half a 
Man, and half a Serpent,as many of the reft were; 
he was fo dreadful to behold, becaufe he did 
vomit fire and flame, that the reft of the Gods, 
that came to the affiftance of Jupiter , were frigh¬ 
ted into a fhameful flight. They ran into Egypt, 
where they changed themfelves into the forms 
of feveral Bealls and Herbs, that they might not 
be difeovered. Neverthelefs Jupiter purfued 
thefe Children of the Earth fo vigoroufly, and 

did fo play upon them with his Thunderbolts, stetit impofua 
that atlaft he got the Vidlory, after which he Peiion ojfa, 
dellroyed all the Race of thefe Gyants, holding V ini f er ambos 
many of them Prifoners in the bottom of Hell 1 9 l ^ us ^ 
and that they might never rife again, he loaded e ”* ™ 
them with huge Mountains, as that of u£tna. 

About the fame time Prometheus formed thefirft Bochart Ima- 
Men of the Earth and Water, animating them gines that this 
with the fire of Heaven, which hehad ftoln away, Fab,e is deri- 

for which caufe Jupiter was fo incenfed againft ]^-f orn . tIie 

him, that he commanded Vulcan to tye him upon the word°W4- 
the Mountain Caucafus with Iron Chains, and gog, that was 
to put an Eagle or a Vulture to devour daily the name of 
his Liver, which every night did renew again, pMttbeuf, for 

to his greater and continual torment. He re- Hcarfderou! 

mained in this condition, until Hercules by his red, and con- 

incomparable virtue and valour did releafe him. foming with 
Jupiter was not content with this revenge, he ca . r ^ s . or i )th f r * 
fent for Pandora , that wonderful woman, which ha tCc 

he, and the other Gods amongft them, had made 
in fuch a manner, that every one had bellowed 

upon her fome perfedlion. By the order of Jupi- pandora was 
ter, this ^Pandora went to Epimetheus , the Bro-, married to 
ther of ‘Prometheus, with a Box full of Evils and E P m ' th J ns ° 

Difeafes, as a Prelent from the Gods; As foon Apo od * 






14 


C&e tpfffojp of 


Book I 


as he had opened 


fee what was in it, they 


oZfchyl 


did flye abroad into the Air, and fcattered them- 
felves into all the parts of the Earth-, only in the 
bottom of the Box there was poor Hope left 


vina. alone 


Jupiter having fo happily overcome all his 
Enemtes, dreamt afterwards of nothing but 
his pleasures, which hurried him into many ex¬ 
travagant and infamous a&ions. Befides that, 
he did commit Inceft with his Sifter Juno-, taking 
her to Wife^befides the violence committed upon 
Ganymedes , the Son of Tros King of the Tro¬ 


jans, whom he ft ole 


the form of an Eagle, and 


made his Catamite: He committed many thou 


fand Rapes and Villanies 


fatisfie his brutifh 


pafiion 


as when he took the form of a Bull 


fteal away Europa, the Daughter of Agenor the 


King of the Phoenicians 


From this Europa , the 


moft noble and glorious part of the World hath 
borrowed its Name. Notwithftanding all the 


Name 


diligence, the watchfulnefs and care of Acrifiw , 
the King of Argos, who had fecured his Daugh¬ 
ter Danae in a Tower of Brafs, this lafcivious 
God found means to enter into it by the top, in 
the form-of a Golden Showre, to accomplifh 
his wicked defign, for he begot on her Per few , 
as we (hall take notice in the following Hiftory. 
The World was fo full of his fhameful pranks, 
that we fhould fcarce find an end,if we once began 


to relate them 


We ftiall have occafion 


fome of them 


the following pages 


We may therefore juftly take notice with Tertul - 
lian , that it was no marvel to fee all forts of men 
every where fo debauch’d,and guilty of fo many 
abominable crimes, feeing that they were per- 
fwadcd and encouraged by the example ofthofe, 

that 






} 


-A 


CM 


* 

tlje fcmfieit Gods 


that they did adore, ; and from whom they were 
to expedfc punifhments or rewards. 

Additional Note. 

6 

Jupiter was the chief of the Gods, therefore 
* Kings and Princes were anciently named Joves. 




> 


The Cretans owned him for their Countreymaan, ves wcAntur 9 
as the Thebans alfo,and feveraf other people^but ? aut * in CA ~ 
the former did fliew many years the place where he ** 
was buried, as Lucian informs us. He was nurfed His Epithets, 
up by the Nymphs, and nourifhed with the milk u f c f iU ' Cu t 
of a Goat-,which he afterwards promoted amongft 

the Stars^ and covered his Buckler with her skin ^ Jovi s. This 
therefore he is called by the Poets lAigtechus Jup> Altar was in 
ter : His mother faved him from the cruelty of Yar <! or 

his Father, and of zhe Titans her Brethren, who tu at werefret 
were always admitted into the room where fhe of the city oi 
was in Labour of her Children } as the Princes Rome. Hofpit* 

of the Blood Royal of France are, when the T>au- f u P l , Ur -> 

thin K hnrrL into fhe Onpprc Phamhpr Greek 


This 


phin is born, into the Queens Chamber 


Prote&or 


Sabadim Jupiter, Jup 


becaufe 


of Afr 


ctfjiy.os is fand. Jupiter Dodonaus, who gave Oracles in the old Oaks of 
the woods of Dodon. Olympius Jupiter. He was alfo named Jupiter Pbi~ 
Ins, becaufe he is the God of Love : Heterins, becaufe he is the God of 
Fellowfhip : Homogeneus, the God of Kindred And Enkorcius Jup. be¬ 
caufe he is the God of Oaths, He is (tiled Antrius, Cantus, Cartas, CnE 
dius , Hyp at ns, Omar ins, &c„ fee before. But that which is to be taken 


notice of in this place is, that there have been many Jupiters mentioned 
in the Poets; Jupiter Ammon was the mod ancient, he was named t ,£tbie- 
picus or Ajabinus , as Pliny faith. Jupiter of Cut a ; Jupiter Argivus 5 Jus 
peter Belus, worfhipped in Affyria, Phoenicia, and the Eaft Countries, and 
called Baal y Belus, Bel, Helenas, Alagabalus, Jupiter Pabylonius, Bedfamen 9 
&c. Jupiter of Arcadia in Greece, or Jupittr Argolicus. Theft; are thechief 
that did acknowledge this Name. The Heathens knew not unto which of 
them to pay their refpefts, as you mav fee in Callimach. Uv? £ ph, Jk- 

laiop tieiov/djO, yz hvKcuov Iv JbiM (jlcl\a d-u/ubf, \>ird Jpfoc d/A$nejtsvv 

’I JhsioiQiv i v vqiQe : <pa<ri zoi J}’ cv ‘AfKd<Pi},&c. AlldiS 

Jupiters. have Jived in ieveral Ages, but the Adions of all are aferibed sc? 


Jupi ter 


When 






€&e of 


Book 1 


When Jupiter went to deliver his Father, an 
Eagle gave him an happy Omen of his future victo¬ 
ry and greatnefs, therefore he claimed that Bird 

ashisowm 

The Cecropes promifedhimaffiftance when he 
refolved to drive his Father out of the Kingdom, 
but when they had received his money, they re¬ 
fund to follow him, therefore he changed them 
into Apes. 

As foon as Jupiter had call his Father into pri- 
fon, from whence he did afterwards efcape into 
Italy, all the Gods came to congratulate with him 
for his vi<ffory,in a noble banquet,unto which they 
were invited by him : Apollo fung hispraifes in a 
purple garment. 

Jupiter commanded that men fhould not feed 
upon humane flefh, but content themfelves with 
Acorns, therefore the Oak was dedicated to him* 


1 


He is called Jupiter a juvando \ Diefpiter , quaji 
diet pater , the father of the day,and 2 A r (Uf, 
Life, becaufe he is taken for the Heavens and 
Firmament, that by their continual Motions and 
Influences do entertain, and infufe life into every 
thing, as alfo becaufe of the univerfal power of 


Diefpiter* cjuafi 


y \0* /# % 


God, that moves, and fupports all vifible Beings. 

He had as many, and as different Statues as 
Names; the Heathens painted him like an Old 

Fellow fitting upon a Throne with aCFOwn on, his 

head, cloathed with a rich garment fparkling with 


> 


liars 


nd reprefenting Rallies of fire 


In his 


handtwo Globes that intimated Heaven &Eartb, 
under him2Vq>f«»t?’sTrident, and a Carpet,repre" 
fenting the tail and feathers of a Peacock. Some? 

O _ . _^ A. 1 « « • t J 


Ut 


J 

4 


tijz Gods 


jpiians that did worlhip him in the figtire of aRarn^ 
reprefented his Providence, by a Scepter bearing 

in the top of it a great Ey e. 

_ All the People of the World did worfhip him, 
especially the Romans, who granted to him feveral 
Titlesof; honour,and ereded manyTemples to him 
in their City,the chief was the Capitol-therefore 


he was called Capiiolimts. He was alfo nam 
Detu pater indices by Mine as, when he arrived 


alfo named 




& 


Italy : Jup 


m 

inventor by Hercules , when he 


recovered his Oxen that were loft: Jupiter fere- 

trius a feriendo holism by Romulus who built unto 
him a Temple: -jupiter Sator d ffiendo, becaufe 
he ftopt the Romans in their flight at the requeft 

of Romulus : L at tails Jupiter , was he that was 

wor/hipped by the Latins People as well as by 


the Romans 


There 


I • • 

rv 

.1 


ter Span for, Jupiter 
Jupiter Vicior, Jupit 
Tonans , Jupiter Vltor 


Imp 


alfo in Rome , Jupi 


Jup 


Ft ft 


Luce tins a luce , Jup 


Con ft 


J“p 


l.L 
* ^ 

» « 
.c 

9 m 
• ' 

* 

• .•I 

.A 

l*Vl 


Lagiitalis, becaufe the Beech-tree was dedicated 

to him, Jupiter Predator, Mari anus, c Pompeianm, 

becaufe Marim and Pompey had built for him thefe 
Irately Edifices. 


; 


i 

i 



& 

I 


- 

j 


\- / 


*7 


<• l 


Ihe 


CHAP. IV. 

* 

Of JUNO, and oft her Children. 

Vno was named the Queen of the Gods,'the .. . 

Goddefs of the Kingdoms and Riches, becaufe m 


was Wife of Jupit e; 


times they gave him Thunderbolts in his hand*| diction and a Command over Marriag 


She had alfo a Jtirif- confirs fieptri 


which were paiqted as crooked Iron Bars, (harp at 

the end, joyned together in the middie.The Egf 

ptiatit 


K 
FT 


* 1 J , . - ~ CW 

t-hild-btaring, which caufed many fair Tempi 
anc^A! W to be erctfred to hefHonour. SI 


and Re &* a J 1 



€ 


]r. She 
brought 


memo. 




* 







— . r 


*S 


Clje of 


Book I 


Apdlod 


that Jupittr 

kickt him ill-fhap^d and ugly he was to behold,when be 
down from came j nt o the World, he kickt him down 

«ufc hcoffc- from Heaven, fo that the poor Babe fell upon the 
red to rcfcue Earth, and broke one of his Legs,whereof he 


brought forth Hebe , Goddefs of Youth, and 
advanced her fo far in the favour of Jupiter, that 
fhe always poured forth unto him Neftar to 
drink, until fhe was difplaeed by Ganymede . Vul¬ 
can was alfoher Son but when Jupiter faw how 
ilbfliap’d and ugly he was to behold,when be 


came 


his Mother 
Juno out of 
Jupittr* s 
hands. Homer 
confirms this 
opinion, il. i 


halted 


after. When he came to be of years 


he followed the trade of a Black-fmith, and 
work’d for the reft of the Gods, efpecially for 
Jupiter, for whom he made Thunderbolts. For 


opinion, il. i. that purpofe he had feveral Forges, or Shops, in 
vir. 590. for \\\qs of Lemnos, Lipara , and in Mount Etna. 
there yulctn. . annointed to affift him, and they 


Mo. Some were appointed 


alfift him 


J 

$ 


{jfycu Ui^dco- p 


were called Cyclops, becaufe they had but one 
$ great Eye in the middle of their Forehead *, the 
fc* moft famous of them were Brontes, Steropes , and 


&rs dtanzoioto 


There have been feveral Vulcans 


Opts-, the third, of/« 


pittr and of Juno ; the fourth was the Son of Man alius, he lived neariia- 
Ly in the Iflands called Vulcania injitlx . 

But that we may return to the Affairs of Juno, 
the Poets do mention a great injury, that Ihe 
pretended to have received from Jupiter when he 
....... j : j was refolved alone- without her affiftance, to 


Vulcan did the 
office of a 


Midwife atthis Minerva 


bring forth the Goddefs Pallas, otherwife called 
Minerva. They tell us, that he performed his 


time, for with defi n an d that Valias came out of his Bram in 

Armor,with a Lance in her hand,dancing 
Skull fori’alias a Dance called the Pyrrhick, which was proper 

to creep out. to Martial Men, invented by Pyrrhus Son or 


to Martial Men 


utiaiu Vial . nd which- was an agreeableTune,named 

Hypo, chsmatick^ For theft P*eafons Oie was 

' r held 





Ch;4 

held t 


the Gods 


*9 


be. the Goddefs of War^ and to have an eCv 


hand and in-fight 


the Battels they did 


nevertheiefs attribute to her the invention offeve- 


which are the Ornaments 


ral Arts and Sciences, which are the Ornaments 
of Peace ^ therefore the Athenians paid unto 


of Valias, 


her a fingular homage and refped, having infti- 
tuted feveral folemn Feftivals in honour of this 
Goddefs, as the Pana henes, which were kept 
with divers rare Spedacles, and expreflions of 
joy. Juno was inwardly chaft at the birth of 
thisGocWefs, becaufe fhe had no hand in the bufi- 
nefs ^ and therefore ffie refolved to revenge her 
felf upon Jupiter, by the like adion and to have 

a Child without any acquaintance with her Huff 
band. The Goddefs E/ottz, faith Ovid, taught her 

the means, by giving unto her a certain Flower- 


the means, by giving unto her a certair 

of a ftrange nature, which caufed her to 

and bring forth Mars the God of War 
as Pallas. 


well 


Juno entertained in her Service a certain Fellow m.DUtiy(i 
full of Eyes, called Argus, to obferve and relate lib. 3. 
unto .. her the adions of her Husband Jupiter : 

When part of his Eyes wereopprelfed withfleep 


the reft'- Were waking 


But Jup 


was 


^leafed with this watchful Spy, and therefore he BwcfoM’ *Ai 2 
fent the God Mercnnus to lull him afieep with yovt<riwt 9 ]& 


Pip 


and kill him, at which J 


hvaxtt 


wardly grieved.Therefore tofeward the faithful- m ‘ 

nefs of the dead Servant, file changed him into a Dioayf. T’t il 
Irately Peacock, that (hews yet in his feathers the vcr. 27. * * 
great number of the Eyes of Argus . 

Additional Note. 

Juno the Sifter of Jupiter fignifies the.Air, ffie Greek M at 
laved her Brother from death aS loon as he was aUS invade ; 


born •, he requited that good office by Marryipg^ atr omnia 
and raifing her to the honour of Queen of Heaveft & - & 


G ^ 


had 




r 






I 


2.0 


3tfie of 


Book I 


and Earth 


But flie was not willing to confi 


to this incelhious Marriage 


therefore Jupiter 


n ployed his skill and wit to bring it to pafs. He 


the fiiape of 


Cuckow, and 


a Storm 


lighted upon her Lap : Juno out of pity received 

theBird into herBofom,to fiielter it from the vio- 
titfycb. faith, lence of the weather,but when the.fubtilBird felt 
thac Juno was the warmth of her body,it took again the form of 
named in u- ■ w h 0 obtained his defire, by a promife of 

L!d prtfent Marriage. Therefore at Arps a Cuckow 


3 


Beletbss : Her 


adored for Jup 


* 


ordinary Epi- J H no\M as represented upon nThrone fitting 


tilers were, 


Scepter in her hand,and a Crown of Gold upon 


Round 


ttrf^'hcr head that touched the Clouds. Round a- 
(jaiaU &c. bout her was the fair and beautiful Iris-, that 
when (lie was jg called IS! unci a Junonis, on every fide file was 
concerned att ended by Peacocks, named therefore Aves Jtir 
"Xk nonis. She wasalfo reprefented in another manner, 
bearing, U- as file was taken for the Moon .She was thus 

Maxima called hucina, and.painted with Beams of Light 
RegindMon- a b 0 ut her Face, fitting upon Lions, a Scepter and 


# 


a spindle in Her nano-, anu ucuuic u K wuuu 
^AUffiaUndi- hath power upon Women with Child, they made 


her hand and becaufe the Moon 


Cap) 


their Add relies unto her in their pain,faying, J 


Lucinia , Few- Lycinafer op cm 


nUAypfetyot, j unoms 

A,, A-glvaf ln h« , ll3 j nd J 

and girded 

Atrea, Cyprta , feet a Lion< 

Ammonia^ Bu - IArQC fnmpfii 


lloplifmia, See. 

Or Cur is : 
See Martian. 
Soffit a Juno 
y/as wo rill! p- 
ped in l.azi- 
. nitim- Fit- / iv. 


Juno was alfo painted with Sheers andaflatter 

in her hand, cloathedwith a GoatsSkin, crowned 

and girded with Vine Branches, and under her 
feet a Lionefs. On the top of her Scepter, which 

was fometimes given to her, was the Image of a 
Cuckow, and Caftor and Follu£\ two Meteors, 


maiZbrngaa, n 

Hoplipnia.Scc. CllCKOW, ana 

* Or Cur is : waiting upon 


She was adored by all Nations of the Woi Id, 
and by all forts of people.!. heSouldiers called her 


tis, the common people PopuUma , 
Sctecena, or Soffit ntrtx, and Opip 


hew 


i 


t 


« . 


Ch. 4 


fDe Dentfieit Gods 


zi 


new-married people Interface Vomiduca , V/iftia, 

C inxia,thz Women with Child Fluomznd Lucina. 

ThreeCities did worlhip her more than any others 
Myceru, Spam, and Arps. The Poets fay, that Jm FllruUs 
llie lpent her Maiden time at Samos, a very plea- Was adored in 


fant Ifland of the Archipelagos, and that Jupi- February, 


ter married 


It 


yearly 


Solemnity was performed every year in remem¬ 
brance of her Marriage, called Junonia •, at 

which time the Maids of all Ages ran Races From hence 
in honour of thisGoddefs, unto whom they pe- Marriage is 
titioned for Husbands, calling her Juno Pronula , wlkd ftncln 
and Jugalis and in Rome an Altar was dedicated U ' 


w 7 rr*\t uii XAitui ryuj 

this Juno Juga, where the new-married coup! 


did appear to offer Sacrifice 


In which this 


markable, that they took from the Sacrificed 


Beafi: the Gall, and calt 


Che titn del no* 
domarital la 
cun a. Vin \, ; 


behind the Altar Uttar imag. 


to exprefs how all difpleafure fliould be banifiied h ill Dei, 
from fuch perfons. 

The Temple of Juno was open on the top, and 

NumaPompiliw commanded,that all whores fliould 

not fo much as touch or come near her Walls, be¬ 
caufe there had been none fo much perfecuted by 
fuch fort of people as file, and none had greater 
caufe to abominate them, for her lecherous Jupi¬ 
ter wasfeldom without half a dozen Miftreffes. 

In the War of the Giants, in the general fright 
of the Gods, file fled into Egypt, and took upon 
her the form of a white Cow ^ which may be the 
caufe wherefore this Animal was adored by the In- 


■ ? 


habitants 


The Heathens offered to her 


Cow, Geefe, and Ravens, in Sacrifice. Adrianm 
the Roman Emperourj prefented her a rich Gift: 

In one of her Temples he dedicated a Peacock, 
her beloved Bird,of pure Gold, with wings.round 

about, at the exrreminVc hp rcmOvl oil monn^r 




the extremities he caufed all manner of 


C 


fp 


cr 

to 




-'J : 








ZZ 


C6e of 


Book I 


fparkling and precious Stones to be put, that they 
might fervein lieu of Eyes,and reprefentthe per-’ 
fed form of a Peacock. 

Juno was often offended with Jupiter, as fhe had 
juft reafon, and he in like manner was difpleas’d 
with her; therefore in his anger Homer tells us 


therefore 


that he bang’d her up by the heels. At which 
light all the Gods took Juno s part and laboured 
to call j Jupiter out ofHeaven,buttheir endeavours 


were 


She hated all theChildren of herHusbandsCon- 
cubines, efpecially Hercules therefore (he ap¬ 
pointed unto him all his Adventures, and he in a 
tumult unfortunately gave her a wound. 

’* It was to this Goddefs that Horatius, who 


. r* tUlliUiL UUiUt lUUdLViy c* 

Th ' S mrT * It was to this Goddefs that Horatius,w\ 
'jmosmri*. got the Vi&ory of the Curii, built a Temple, 
There was alfo make expiation for the horrid crime committed 


in Rome, Juno uj s 


for he kill’d in a fury his own Sifter 


Settle waf becaufe (lie wept for her Servant,whom her Bro- 

hpnoured in ther had flain in aDuel, upon which the happinefs 
the Calends, of Rome did depend. 

Juno Novtlii, Junones were the Genii or Demones, that waited 
Juno Vebrui- • Women, but of them hereafter. 

U,Opigena, Po - r . _ raj*. n^ vf 




fulon 
Lith) 
to da 

f 

Juno, 


ehi a. 


The Children of Juno, were Hebe,V Ac an. Mays 
E iUithuia, and Arge. 

Hebe , the Goddefs of Youth, was painted as; 
dainty Girl, covered with Garlands and Flowers 
Her Mother conceived her in a pleafant manner 


but' Hi thy am. j Hp i ter \ Palace, and there fhe met with a dainty 

pvid. Met. U9. J c 7 m 

She is named 'roTvt* n/S« ivvox 1 ^ Homer 4. Iliad. Apolloa. laitm 

^hat Hebe vvas the Daughter of Jupiter and of Juno y and that Vtilcan was the 

Son of Juno only* and Homer Oa^R. 12. Hebe is named ydj^gjpetvQ-, by 

HeJiaJ in Jheog. k ah (Qpy p<Q- j by Hojhtr OdyiT. 11. > by 

7),uoeritHS, irc Avicgy.Tric, 


pofitm ti - without an 

'is paritnti - W as invited 


acquaintance with a Male 


for Ihe 


fumptuous Feaft by Nept 


♦ 


/ 

Ch. 4. t&e IDcatDcit Gods, 13 

\ 

Sallad of Lettuce, that moved her imagination, 
and caufed her to conceive this Hebe,whott Beauty 
advanced her into Jupiter* s favour, and in his fer- 

vice, for her Office was to prefent the Cup to him 
when he was at Dinner with the other Gods. 


• 4 . 


I. 


t. 


4 

£ 


t W 

* 

J 


< 

4 


«: 

Ji 

ft 

K| 

A 

Si 


f • 




.♦1 




V 

■v 


A misfortune happened to this young-Girl at a 
folemn Feaft, in the prefence of all the Heavenly 
Company that was invited, her heels tript up,ana 
difeovered her nakednefsto them; which accident 

made Jupiter remove her, and place 'Ganymede 

in her Office. She had feveral fair Temples built 
unto her, efpecially near Athens, where all Vaga¬ 


bonds and idle Knaves found 
duary, and good entertainment 


favourable San 
The Poets tel 


us, that when Hercules was admitted amongft the 
Gods, Jupiter recommended him for an Husband 
to Hebe , who was married to him. From this jol¬ 
ly and pleafant Goddefs, all merry Meetings of . .. 

Youth arenamed HebetrU. -?-. Greek 


Vulcan was alfo 


Child 


etop 


f Juno , nil r led by j n Greek 


Thetis, and the Nymphs, when Jupiter kickt him s-©- 


of Heaven 


He 


taken for 


Natural 


Heat; therefore the Egyptians in their Hierogly- ™ , r °™ 


phicksdid reprefent 


Egg proceeding 


of 


named 


Jupiter* s mouth, from which Vulcan was*ingen- volvtndo , or d 

dred.. The Lightning wasaferibed tohim,when voUndo.. can - 
it was dusky and darkilh, as the white Lightning ^was named 

Lemniivs, or Ltmniaca Jlirps , from the Ifland Lemnos where he fell down ; 
Junonigena, Mulcifer & Mulciber a mollitndo ferro, Vuttor ferreus , 
thus Deus j at the foot of this Mountain there vvas a Temple erected, and 
a Grove planted, in honour of liim, which was kept by a Dog, that did 
tear the vicious in pieces, fif they did offer to approach) but they did 
fawn upon fuch as were virtuous and good men. He is alfo named igni- 

dwiyvitHs and by Homer kavTouiiti^, and 


KAuTirixvns 1 and’ by 
the Proverb mentioned 

aivifed yon, or fpohn ti 


Egyptians 


• * * 
c 


Aphth 


of whom is 


C 4 


£0 





*4 


©6e pfflojp of 

Minerva, and the red to Jup 


Boob I. 

i 

• ■ 

He was an 


The Star of 

Mars in the 


his 


fhap^ Wretch,infomuch,that^w^ fcorned 

when fhe was courted by him; he be- 


:~a. haved himfelf very generoufiy in the War of the 

Giants, for he began the Onfet, whilft many of 

is Tfriend To* the other )Gods fled away. His two Wives 


ceives. ninflu¬ 
ence from, and 


Venus. This is Aglaia, and Venus 


The latter had nokindnefs 


the caufe of f or him, becaufe of his deformity; therefore fhe 


the Fable. 

fhiloftr. 

Callus was the 


fought fatisfa&ionfomewhere elfe,and readily ac¬ 
cepted of the embraces of Mars ; But Apollo gave 
notice of the meeting to yoox Vulcan,who found a 
Centindat the W ay to furprize.the Knave in bed with his Wife. 

becaufehe^ ^ or finding hisNet all over the place,he caught 
gavenot*no- them there together, and to put them to greater 
tice of Apollo's fhame, he fent for all theGods to be Witneffesof 
jifng, he was her difhonefty and of his own difhonour. 

Cock^that° 3 He was the only % lack- faith, that made the 
bow foretells Chariot of the Sun,the Armor of theGods,and of 
iiis riling inthe the' Heroes, and Jupiter's Thunderbolts. His 

Feafts were named T fotervia. The Romans ran 

about withlightedTorches in honour of him,and 
facrificed unto him the Lion. 

Mars , or Mavors, , was another of Juno 1 sChil- 
dren,begot without herHusbandsaffiftance,in re¬ 
venge' of the affront received from Jupiter , who 


Heavens. 


Greek, 

Vi \ on i ‘ t ' 

VJTd T CtVCU- 


ling- 


kil 


The Scythians brought forth R alias in the fame manner,without 
bad no ocher Juno's privity. But fome, as Rhurnutm , fay, 

that he was the Son of Jupiter and of Fnyo -, and 

Homer in his fifth Book of Iliads faith, that he was 

* * * # 

the Son of Jupiter and of Juno. He was never 
welcome to Jupiter, but in his Minority was nurfed 

by Thero, in the Northern Climates 


God. Juflh 

Herodotus 

faith, that th 
uorfhipped 
other Gods, 

but did all< 


no Temples clinabletoWar.He was reprefented upon a hi 


nor Statues but 

only to Mars, f 





*n> 


Gharior, drawn by two furiousHorfes,named by 

his Armor De- 


fome Terror and Fear , with ai! 

nfive and Offenfive. His attendance 


fright- 


.Ch. 4 


the ©catBeit Gods 




Contention , and 


frightful Spirits, Apprehenfion , 

Clamour . Before him Fame, full of Eyes, Ears, * s named 


and Tongues, did 



His Sifter was JBellona, mvlj , a 


. " Vp Tf j M7U- - T u it Common God, 

that had ufnally a bloody Whip in her hand. He Gradivus 9 


Gradivus , 

was faid to be born in Thracia, becaufe thePeople Qui rimes, Ma¬ 
rt that- Country offered unto him Humane Sa- mrs, Hefych. 

crifices, as other people did the Woolfxhe Vulture, Sahfubfulus, 


He 


ececus Dtus, 


cu{J.ox*t*K* 


the Dog, the Rye, the Calf. \ and the Horfi , 

was mightily efteemed of the Romans, becaufe 
they held their beginning from him,and-gave out 
that Romulus was his Son. Yet they would 
fuffer his Statues and Images to be raifed in their 
City,but caufed them toftand without,to intimate 
their inclination rather toForeign thanCivilWar. &c. 
His Priefts were namedS*/#,becaufe they did skip 
about his Altars that were ereded under the famfe 
Roof as thofe of Venus , to exprefs the happy in¬ 
fluences, that the Stars, Mars and Venus, do pour 
upon Children, when they meet in their Na- 


l • 


tiviues. 


Mavors, fanguinea qui cufpide verberstt urbes, 

Ft Venus, humanas qua laxat in otia curas, 
Aurati delubra tenent commmia Tempii . 

0 

i 

The Poets take notice,that Mars was releafed 
at the requeft of Neptune, when he was caught in 
Vulcan's Bed with Venus \ for that old God did 
confider, how it might be his own cafe to be fur- 
prifed in the fame manner. 


CUudto 


#• 


V 


CHAP- 




• ~~r 


Book r. 




6 


1 1 


i 


! I 


.ii 


■ v 

h 

i • * 

i : 


*.i 
i -A 


' >■ I 


I 


i\ 

y * 


\ ! 
; i 
i f 


%6 


Cjje ipfffojp of! 



CHAP. V. 


Of APOLLO and of the SUN. 


He is named 
rruKltift be- 


% 

A T laft Jupiter begaii to be weary of Juno, 

and to defire change • therefore to fatisfie 
d his appetite, he caft his affections upon Latona , 


bos 


CuSs 


whom he entirely loved 


3 


in raged 


Robber, that when fte heard of her Rivals happinefs,and fent 

hindced the again ft her a Serpent of a prodigious bignefs. 


accefs to his named Pyth 


Temple 

Delphos. 


who crept out of that filthy 


dime and matter which remained after the De 


Learned ^ u £ e Deucalion, Whereof we lhall have 


tochartus fion co ipeaK nerearte 
thinks, that the poor Latona mig 

Apollo was the thisMonfter, 3 to had c 

Son of Jupiter to a p ow h er no other r< 

med Pul. ^ Delos, which then was fl 
It ^certain and funk under wate: 
that there have raifed it up, and fixed 


fpeak hereafter 


the poor Latona might 


And 


the end* that 


efcape the fury of 


thisMonfter,3ta? had covenanted with the Earth 
to allow her no other retreat,befides theifland of 
Delos, which then was floating in the *Aig&an Sea, 
and funk under water. Neptune out of nirv 


five 


polio 


might ferve for a refuge and dwelling 


we out of pity 
place, fo that it 
lwelling to this 


med,one born ExiIed Creature, when file was near the time of 


in Dtlos, the her Delivery 


other 


of Apollo and D 


Latona was there brought to Bed 


upon a large Palm 


whonffome 7, lea *> which by chance was found in that defolate 

think to be Bland. 

Jofua, or Her- When Apollo came to be of years, he remem- 

ciiltseAiyptius, bred unto what ihifts and extremities the Serpent 

A ~ Python had reduced his poor Mother •, therefore 
yrtca, c. kill’d him with his Bow and Arrows, after a 

long and grievous fight, during which, thefe 
words Jo Pxan were frequently heard in the Air. 
From hence is derived the cuftome of fingingand 

repeating 


i 

* 


f 


H 

i- 

tt 


-Ch. $. 


t8e Jjjeatfiert Gods. 


%7 


repeating thefe words,in the publick Plays, andin 

Triumphs and Viftoties. • - 

After tSiis happy Combat, he begot a Son cal- ’A*Sa- 
led AfcuUpms, whom he committed to the Tui- aw©-*p*t#- 
tion of Chiron the Centaur, to be brought up ^ 

in the Myftenes of Phyfick; whereof he was 0 f phl d f 

afterwards efteemed the God. But Jupiter ftrook culapio , in 
this tAZfculapius , with his Thunderbolts, becaufe Hymn . 
he reftored to life HyppoUm , who had been torn 
in pieces by his own Chariot horfes, when he fled / 
from the fury of his Father, as we lhall fee in the 
ftory of The fens. The death of tAlfculapius did 
not a little afRidt Apollo, and becaufe lie could 
not revenge himfelf upon Jupiter , he killed the 
Cyclops , that had made the Thunderbolts, with 


which his Son had been fmitten. 


Jupiter was 


highly incenfed at him for this aftion, and there¬ 
fore banifhM him out of Heaven,and deprived him 
of the priviledges of his Divinity for a time. 
Whilft he was thus baniflied, and fhutoutqf 
Heaven, he endured a world of mifery. _ His 
poverty canftrained him to go to the Service of 
Admctus King of Thejfaly, to feed his Sheep for Apollo l 
a livelihood. For that reafon he was efteemed 
the God of the Shepherds: In this Quality they 
did offer unto him the Wolf, the Enemy of the 


Sheep. 


As he one day kept his Cows, Mercury , From hence 


the God of Thieves, ftole from him one of the 
beft, and when he complained of it, and fought ^ 
fatisfaftion, the Thief very fubtilly ftole from becaufe he was 

him his Quiver that hung upon his (boulders*, all ayoungThief 0 

this was turned into fport and laughter. 

The mifery of Apollo, could not hinder him 

from falling in love with Daphne , who would 


never confent unto his intreaties. 


As Ihe was 


one day running from hispurfuits,fhe was changed 

^ ; * 


into 


^ v . i-***■*• 






L 



Zhe IMoip of 


Book I 


Tone arcttm 


celerefi 


into a Laurel, which therefore was confecrated 


gittas 


r* 


Apollo. But he met afterwards with a 


greater misfo 


played with 


ft d ffyaeinthusjhls Darling ^ for while he was fpor 


tin teu timet. ting with him by chance, he f rook him in fuch 


IOD 


Efigr 


manner, that he died prefently after. The Earth 


fo much moved with companion at this .unhappy 


accident, that fhe caufed the Flower Hyacinthus 


a Violet 


rife out of the drops of his Blood 


to perpetuate his Name to Pofteritv. Apollo 

1 __ r _u i i « • . ^ J i 


fmall danger by this misfortune *, tor fome 


did concern themfelves for the death of Hy 


thus, Peeking to revenge themfelves upon him ; of 


whom being jealous, he fled to the City of Troy 


where he met with Neptune , fallen alfo 


difpleafure of Jupiter 


Both together feeing themfelves reduced to 


extieme poverty, in a ftrange Country, far from 


their pofleflions, refolved to enter themfelves 


the fervice of King Laomedon, to help to build his 


City 


King 


They wrought long for this ungrateful! 


but. when they faw no hopes of the Re 


ward promifed to theirLabours,they threatned 


revenge themfelves 


Neptune with the fwelling 


Waves of the Sea almoft drowned h inland all his 


people and Apollo fent amongffc them fuch 


turiousPefl:ilence,that it caufed every where grea t 


Defolation and Slaughter 


When Laomeclon faw into what 


cies his perfidious dealing had brought him 


con fu I ted the Oracle, that informed him, that 


'ApolloA. lib. 2. of the! 


there was no other way to appeafe the difpleafure 


& 


a 


ngry Gods, but,by expofing every 


year a Virgin of Troy , to be devoured by the 




Monftei 


y 



The Lot fell at laft upon the 


Daughter, Hefioie ; but Nereides offered 


** . _ .. 


• 9 




fAfk> OAirfflU ± 


liiiMiWnni^wrTi 



Ch. s- tfje f;eatI)Etl Gods. 

■ I 

to deliver her, and fight with the Sea-Monfter, if 
Laomedon would give him for the reward of his 
Service,the Horfes begot of a Divine Seed,which 
were then in his Stables at Troy. The promife 
was made, but perfidious Laomedon flood not 
to it, when Hefior# was fet at liberty; which fo 
much incenfed Hercules , that he laid Siege to the 
City of Troy, took and fackt it, kill’d Laomedon , 
and carried his Son into Captivity, who was 

afterwards redeemed by the Trojans , and for that 

caufe was named Tnanuu , as we fliall fee in the 
fequel of our difeourfe. 

After all thefe Misfortunes, Apollo re-affumed 

again his Divinity, and became one of the mofb 

.noted of ail the Gods, not only by the great 

number of Oracles, that he gave in feveral part 

of the World, but alfo by the feveral Functions 

and offices, that were attributed unto him, and 

by the famous Perfons, that were Paid to be his 
Sons. 

Firft, he was taken for the Sun, and in this 
Quality,he had the Name of Phoebm given to him, 
that is by interpretation, The Light of the 
Living. It is true, that fome differ in their 
relations concerning the Sim , and fay, that his 
Father was one of the Titans, named Hyperion , 
from whence it is that he is called Titan. They 
have imagined, that he rides upon a glorious 
Chariot and that every' night he goes down to 
reft in the Ocean until the next day, when the 
Hours do prepare him his Horfes to begin again 
his Courfe. He feemed to delight in the Hie of 
Rhodes , more than in any other part of theEarth 
for this reafon j becaufe, as Solinus doth report, 
there is never any dark fo day or clouded, but 
the Sims appears to the Inhabitants there. Befides 

I ■ they 



* 


r * 


3 © 


Clje of Book r 

* r 

they fay, that in this Illand he begat hisDaughtei 


Rhodia 


He fent down 


fhowres of Gold 


and caufed on his Bitch-day Rofes 


open 


hence and fpread 


The Rhodians dedicated unto hint 


the Proverb,^ t hat famous Coloffus of Bra fs, of 800 feet in 
^oko^ov to height, and of a proportionable bignefs, which 

huge body? * was broken down by the Saracens , that took the 
* ’ Bland, in the year of our Lord 684. When it 

was beat in pieces,they loaded above 900 Camels 


body 


ith 


This was efteemed 


of the feven 


Wonders of the World 


t 


The TythU did 


Amongftthe famous places where Apollo gave 


give Oracles Oracles, Delphos was the chief 


other 


In it was a glo 


Temple, or Fabrick 


. , f 1 UVUO X WUJUiV.vi x ^ 

£ ? e rable Gifts, which 


ariched with 


mouth or the World. In it was a Woman Prieft, named 

tongue, there- phcebas, otherwife Pythia or Tythomffa,- that re- 
fore called if- ee i vec j t h e Enthufiafm,fitting upon a little Table 


came from every corner of 


p/S'! 9 J K fupP°«ed with three feet 


was called 


Or as . 


VaUphat. a 

Inert dibit. 
Apollod . lib 


or Cortina , becaufe it was covered with the Skin of 
the Serpent Python. 

This God was alfo efteemed the Inventor of 
Mu lick, he head the Satyr Marfas alive, be¬ 
caufe he was fo impudent and daring as to chal¬ 
lenge him to fing- The Mutes, that were 


The Mh]i 


Daughters of Jupiter , and of Mnemofy 
committed to his tuition-, their Names were, 

Calliope , Clio\ Erato-, Thalia, Melpomene , Terffi- 

Pfilvtnnia- or Pnlxhvmnia „ and 


were 


chore , 

Vrani 


a 


u 


Euterpe 


Poly 


or Polyhy 


•nia. They had feveral Names, according to 
feveral places where they dwelt: Sometimes 
they were called Pierides , becaufe of the Foreft 
pier is in Macedonia , where they were faid to 
be born ; fometimes Heliconiades , from the 


Mountain Helicon, which is nigh to their beloved 

ParnaJpM 7 from whence alfo they were named 

JP 



them. 

Thefe Mufes , by the affiftance of Apollo , 
invented Mufick. Their chief Office was to be 
prefent at the folemn Feftivals, and facred Ban¬ 
quets, and there to fing' the praifes of famous 
men, that they might encourage others to under¬ 
take glorious adions. They were efteemed for 
their Ghaftity, which they did profefs fo much, 
that when Adonis , the Favourite of Venus of¬ 
fered to ftir up in them fpme inclinations of 
Love, they fell upon him, and put him to death, 
as fome do report. 

The Children of Apollo were many -, befides 
that Rhodia mentioned before, he had tAEtha , 
the Father of Medea , King of Colchos , unto 
whom was committed the Golden Fleece, by 
Phrixus , the Son of Athamas King of Thebes -> 
when he fled with his Sifter from the fury of his 
Step-mother, as you ffiall fee in the eleventh 
Chapter. Apollo had another Daughter named 
Pajiphae, married to Minos King of Crete but 
fhe grew amorous of a Bull, by whom fhe had 
the Monfter called Minotaure : Phaeton was alfo 
his Son: This young Gallant had an ambitious 
fancy to govern the Chariot of the Sun, and to 
give light to the World for one day: But not 
knowing the right way through the middle of * 7 . om f h* s 

the Air, and wanting ftrengthto rule the winged habltants^f^ 
Horfes, that ran fo fwiftly, he fet the Heaven Africa are 
and part of the Earth in a flame.- For which black, as fomj 
caufe Jupiter being offended, kill’d him with his %• 
Thunderbolts, and caft him head-long into the 
River of Tadm in Italy , that is otherwife called 

Erir 


1 





3 


®fje pm® of 


Book f 


Eridantti )where his Sifters, affli&ed with his mjf- 

fortune, were changed intoPoplar-trees ; and' their 
Tears into Amber, as the Poets fay. 

After this Conflagration, there happened an 


Univerfal Delug 
‘Prometheus* was 


when Deucalion, the Son of 
King of Theffaly , for the wa- 


Daughter 


rs were fo great, as they fay, that all living 
Creatures were deftroyed, only Deucalion ., and 
Pyrrha, his Wife, were forced for the fafety 


ApoUod 


Pandora]' and of their Jives to Peek a retreat upon the top of 
of Epimtheus, Moun tTarnaJfus. When the waters were abated^ 

and they faw themfelves alone in the World,they 
requefted the Gods,# to create fome other Men, 
to keep them company, or to deprive them of 
their lives. Themis , the Goddefs of Tuftice,- 


quefted the Gods,# to create forr 
i keep them company, or to dep 




their lives. Themis y the Goddefs ot Jult 
fent them word, that their defire might be 


rent Mercury' complilhed* if they did but call behind them the 
to inform Bones of their Parents. They prefently imagined 


to inform 
Deucalion 
what he Ihould 
do. 


that this Parent was the Earth 


therefore 


cording 


this order, they gathered up. the 


quafi 

lapis 


Vo puli 


Stones, and caft them behind their backs. Thofe 
that were caft by Deucalion , were turned into 
Men i and thofe that came from Pyrrha , became 
Women. By this Stony Generation all the 
Earth hath been fill’d. This Deluge and ano¬ 
ther that happened in the time of Ogyges King of 
Thebes, are themoft remarkable in theWritings of 

the Poets. 

Additional Note. 

TblsDeucalion is commended for hisPiety and 

Juftice, and is Paid to have built the firft Temple 
for the Worfhip ofGod.it is plain by the circum* 


fiances mentioned in the Poets 


this Fable 


is borrowed from the truth of the Scripture,from 
the Hiftory of Noah, who fayed himfelf and his 

Family, from the Univerfal Deluge by God’s 

appoir^ 


• + * 



4 

tbt ^athert Godsi 






appointment; Nicolaus Damafcemts and fBerofits 
Chaldaus , two .of the ancienteft Hiftorians, 
mention this Deluge, with fome difference from 
the Scripture. They fay,that the Ark in which 
Mankind was Paved, continued till their days 
upon Mount Barm in Armenia , where it was 
worfhipped,as well in requital of that good fervice 
that it had rendred, as becaufe of thofe Difeafes 
that it cured, and the Miracles that it worked. 

A by den w relates the fame Story, with fome change Eu r eb ; . * 

of Names; This is an infallible Argument to vangel, prapari 
prove the truth of this Story, feeing fo many per¬ 
sons, that lived at fuch a diftance one from ano¬ 
ther, that they had fcarce any correfpondence 
between themfelves, but none with thePofleflors 
of Mofes *s Writings, doallagreein one relation. 

From hence it may eafily be proved. That they had 
this,and all their otherStories that are agreeable to 
thofe of Mojes, from the Tradition of their Fore¬ 
fathers, as Mofes had his. 

Cicero mentions four Apollons *, the ancienteft ah 

was the Son of F ulcan ■, the fecond, the Son of a d di? 

Cory bam, born in Creta , the third was of Jupi- ^.“ enao ‘ His 

ter and of L at on a, who came from the Northern Nmiu^Aba- 
Climates, and fet up his Standard at Delphos 5 ns, ^gyptius^ 
the laft j was an Arcadian born,called A T omius,be- c J m 
cauTe he gave unto them Laws: Arnobiusf peaks d ° H5 ' L ^ CIUS \ 

of the fifth, who was the Son of Jupiter and of the i/i^Teihs" 
Air, otherwife called Sol . All their Actions are Nepaus , re¬ 
attributed to this Apollo , the Son of Latona. r * u s> P*rno- 

Apollo was one of the moft gentile Gods of the Wptrho- 

Heathens, of whom they do not relate fuch filthy ^TthefenTmJ 
Stones, as of the others. He was the God of are derived 
Wifddm, Phyfick, ’Mufick, Learning, and of places 
Arching. He was reprefented as a young Man, whereiie was 
without a Beard, and Rays of Light about his WoriW Pf* cd ' 

D Head? 


34 


®Eje of 


Book I 


Head; in one Hand was an Harp and three Graces 


and 


ocher 


Shield and Arrows 


He 


He was named 
alfo 0{/A/©*, 
becaufe the 


reputed the Father of many Eminent Perfons, of 

JEfcnlapius, of Eleitthenus , of Delphus, of Pkilan- 
drus , of Janus , of Miletus , and of Arabus, &c. 

He was famous for Oracles ^ at Delphos was 
a moftftately Temple, enriched with theGifcs of 
many Princes, dedicated to Apollo : Croefus filled 


with much Gold and Silver 


dark 


.%*, La- Cave, where a Trivet of Gold did ftand, upon 
's, Delphic us, w hj c h t he Fythia or Prieft of Apollo did fit. 


Triopius,Ptoi 
from Moun¬ 
tains near 


’ When the Oracle wasconfulted, (lie began imme¬ 
diately tofwell and foam, being poffefled with an 
the evil Spirit, which gave an anfwer to the Parties 
,ie that were prefent,who never appeared with empty 

He-; , . _ IX_ 


rus., fee Pin- 


hands 


The cuftom was, before the Oracle 


By others 

were pleafing to him, were Bullocks, Lambs, and 
tinTfyiQr* t Heifers: The Woolf alfo, the Crow, the 

My&'a?' Swan, the Hawk, the Juniper, the Laurel, the 

7 ins, from the Olive, and the Hyacinth were confecrated to him. 

city clarus of s orne fayj that under the Trivet a hath been feen 
Afns utfus, a Q r agon b , that gave Anfwers to the Peti- 

2 rZ’ Z '- tioners - ln feveral p’ aces , h , e § av «.° r . ad i s ’ b,,t 

cimhidts , Mu- the meft noted was at Delphos , a City in Greece, 


ifide . queftioned 


offer Sacrifice to Apollo , that was 


named Ifmenius 


Now the Sacrifices that 


a Dra s on 


ball 


f> 


the molt noted 


and that is faid to be in the middle of the World:, for 


many ocher f t ^ e p oets report, that Jupiter , being defirous to 

"rfo hTm 81 ' know where the middle was, let fly two Eagles 
from theplaces at the fame inftant, the one from the Eaft, the 
wfierehisTem- 1 other from the Weft,and that they both met at the 

Vksfbod , city 0 f De iphos : Therefore in remembrance of 

Vrov. An Infallible Truth, b Apo'Jgd. faith, that the Serpent P>* 
tlmZa Is kilfd by Mo, becaufe it did hinder the approach to the Cave 
tvhprf* the Oracles were delivered at Delphos j and fo hie became Mailer of 




cm ns 




x Temple, that did belong before to Themis 


% * 




I 


V 


Ch. < 


* t 


tljc rpeatljeil Gods 


V 


* 

J 


I 


mr * 

this a Golden Eagle was laid up in the Temple, and 
confecrated to Apollo. 

During his Difgrace, heaflifted Alcatbdusycis 
well as Laomedon, to build his Labyrinth, where 
he had fixed a Stone, upon which his Harp being 
laid, it gave unto it the wonderful virtue of foun¬ 
ding melodious Tunes, when it was touch’d iwith 
any hard Inftrument; 

# The Romans eredted feveral Altars to this God The Vtrfnns 

diftinguifh’d by many Names. There was one to orthc 

Apollo Coslifpex , and another to Apollo Medi- the figure of* 
cm. And when Aiigufius got the vidory • of Lion, crowhed 
Antonins , and Cleopatra , he built a Temple to with a Dia -, 
Apollo Palatinus , called alfo A6Hacus y Navalis y l cm ’ holdl °g 

and Var at onius : The Doors were of Ivory and ahOxc in hli 
Gold, and within were many Statues of Gold and paws. They 
Silver ; it was alfo enriched with the Spoils of the ca ! le d the Sun 
Enemy. There was alfo in Rome , Apollo^ Sanda- fn-™) : 


Enemy 

liart us . 


Soft an us 


Tortor 


Thufcafiicus 


They 


tulliart l. t , 

■ 

did folemnize in' honour of him publick Plays', 

called Ludi Apollinares. Curt las- 

* MEfedapius was one of his Sons, begotten of 
the Nymph Coronis , and becaufe fhe had admitted a va 
another to her Bed, when file was big with Child, 

Iqnie fay Apollo kill’d her with an Arrow, but he non fd 
faved the Child by cutting it out of her Womb. nit ™°X l > vt \ 
The truth is, This tAdfculapius was apoor Infant, 

Caft away,and laid in a Wood near Epidaurus , by quia^Mtdici 
the cruel Parents^ that were afiiatfied to own it. funt crudelts. 

Some Huntfmen fortunately found it, and feeing & bUndi. 
a lighted flame about the Head, they look’d upon td fj£ 


fa 


01 * 

T 


feulap 


Named Phoebigena. of Phcebus, Co y onides 
it, Epidaurius , Perga menus, kzvoi®-, D 


Mother Cor» 

f 7T(dav, hriii 




} f » v w . / - j — - ' " j 

dyhctoirnt, cuyActn?, Deus Opifer & Saintifer , He is 

,y Orpheus, tgp & dytehipor, \%° 


D z 


if 




• • ■ \ *r._v : jv 













1 

! i; 


$6 


Cfie Oiffojp of 


Book I 


1 < 

L ' : 


I 1 


1 i‘ 

. 11 

I t! 
; ?' 

IV 


it as aprognoftick of the Childs future Greatnefs: 
It was therefore delivered by them to a Nurfe na¬ 
med Trtgo, but the Poets fay a Goat gave him fuck. 
He ftudied Phyfick under Chiron, the Centaury 
and proved fo excellent a Proficient in this kind of 
Learning, that he was generally efteemed the God 


of Phyfick 


In the City of Tetrapoli*, belonging 


’ 1 


to the Ioniam, he had a Temple full of rare Gifts, 
offered by thofe, that afcribed their Recoveries 
from Sicknefs to the Power of tAfrulapitu. The 
Walls slfo were covered and hung with theMemo- 

rials of the Miracles done by*him. 

The Romans fent for him from Epidawrus , 


« 


I : 


i i 1 

! i ! 


when their City 


troubled with the Plague 


K 


* < 


i 


Therefore o- they fay, that the Serpent that was wonhipped 
t iid fays, that there for ^Efeidapiw, followed the Ambaffadors or 
he was chan- own accord to the Ship that tranfported it to 

ged into a Ser- w hcre it was placed in a Temple built in the 


pent* 


I lie called Tiber ina 


The Tick people 


to ly 


and when they found themfelves 


better, they reviled JEfculapius. 

He was painted as an old Man, with a long 
T/3 p- ewro^w- ^eard, crown’d with the Branch of a Bay-tree, in 

ifJjvZZ his Hand was a ftaff full of Knots, about which a 


TOcT/tft Kof<y 
vU> Homtr, 




Serpent had twifted it felf 
aDogoranOwl. Thefepa 


d it felf-, at his feet flood 
Thefe particulars are Hiero* 


* * 


glyphicks of the Qualities of a good Phyfitian : 
Who mull be as cunning as a Serpent, as vigilant 
as a Dog, as full of Experience as an old Senior, 
to handle a thing f© difficult and troublefome as is 

Phyfick. - 

It is reported of Dionyfius-, of Sicily , that he 

call a good jefl upon tALfc hlapius to cloak his Sa- 

criledge *, for when he came into a Temple where 

the Statues of Apollo and ftfcnlapiu*, weretoge-, 

ther, and that of JEfcnlapiM had a grave Beard 
\ of 


4 




L 


Ch. 6 . 


the ipentben Gods.' 


/ 


of martie Gold, he told him that was not juft,that 
heffiould have a Beard ,and that Apollo his Father 
ffiould have none \ therefore he $aufed it to be 
taken away, and melted for his own ufe. 

Unto this God they dedicated the Serpent/ the 
Raven, the Goat, the Dog, and the Dragon-,and 
for his fake in the Woods near the City of Epidau- 
ms, the GrcUns celebrated Plays every five years, 
nine days after the Iflhmian. 


s>liJ V 


CHAP. 




Hifiory 


D I AN A. 



* m 


^ * 

His Goddefs hath three Names, either be- & 
caufe of three Offices, that are attributed tp Ji 


her, or becaufe thePoets do confound threeDiv 


nities in one.She hath been 

/ V k « 

Heads, and file was called. 




Hecate v in the 


t 

mi quafi 
i i or Luna. 

quafi Jo- 

na fill a Jo 

; Luna a 


Heaven 


Luna^ the Moon : in the Earth, cate ab imt 


Diana \ and in Hell, Prbft 


Firft 


the Mooh file is called Phcebt 


quia longe 
minatur. 


becaufe of her Brother PhccbuL from whom fhe The Devil that 


Light 


9 

borrows 

and Delia, from the place 
grew amorous of the Shepherd End) 


aifo named CyrithiL was worlhip 


Nativity 


that 


Jap 


ped for the 
Moon is na¬ 
med Lunus. 


had condemned to a perpetual fleep, be- Mac fob. 


caufe he had been too familiar with Juno his Wife 


Diana hid hi 


from 


o? Jap 


Mountain. The truth is, that Endy 


t ^ 


ftudy very 


AVdLOSdL 

hdjx.d>~ 
Kivz Ha Ss- 


Motions of the Moon/and Homtn 


for that end he was wont to pafs the nights-in mraclit. de 


retired places 


behold her with lefs 


incnd. 


ruption. The Sorcerers of Tbcjfaly did boaft, to 

have the power of drawing her to the Earth by 


D 




their 



iir.itwt 




* 





i - 


38 


C&? tpttfOtf Of Book I, 

their Gharms. They imagined that (he came here 
below to walk amongft us, when (he difappeared 


- # ' 

She 

fo (he 


Eye-fightby an Eclipfe. 

is alfo called Diana upon the Earth, and 

is the Goddefs of Woods, of Mountains, 


and. of Huntfmen: 

painted armed with 


Therefore (he is alwayes 
1 Bow and Arrows, and 
vmphs in her Train. She 


'J5 


alfo 


threefcore Maids or Nymphs in her Train, 
had fome Office when Wopien were brougl 


called Lucina. Bed, fo (he : was named 

kept her virginity, and 


Lucina. cujio: 

Sen. in Med 


Lucina. She always 
therefore would 


«• 


\ # 


► * 




9 r 


* r 


1 . 


f . 

4 i 


t r 


fuffer any thing to the prejudice of her Honour. 
For that reafon (he did feverely punilh the rafh- 
nefs of the Huntfman Attaon 7 who when he 
met her with her followers, beheld her with too 
much curiofity, whilft (he was waffiing her ftlf. 
She was not content to load him with reproaches, 
but,changed him into aStag, fo that his Dogs, not 
Rowing him for their Matter, tore him in pieces. 


At Pphefi 


was her chief Tempi 


of the Wonders of the World 


which 

Erofii 


fet it on fire,that hishjame might be rendered fa 


mous, having 


but by this wicked deed 


other means to get 


manded, that 


The Ephejians com 


(hould offer to mention his 
’ Death. It is remarkable. 


• * , 

Name upon pain of Death. It is remarkable, 
that Alexander the Great came into the World 
the very fame day that this Fire happened in 

A fit. 

' It was thecuftome of certain People amongft 
the Scythians , named Tauri. , upon the Euxine 

Sea, when they paid their Homages to this God¬ 
defs, to offer unto her nQthing but humane Sa¬ 
crifices. As manv Greeks as did unhaDDilv make 


defs, to offer unto her nQthing but humane Sa¬ 
crifices. As many Greeks as did unhappily make 
Ship-wrack upon their Coaft, and all theStran- 
gers.that fell into their hands, were condemned 

to 







Ch. <$. t(je ijKatDcn Gods.' 39 

to bleed upon her Altars, as we (hall fee more at 
large in the Story of Oreftes. 

Finally, this Goddefs with three Faces was 

Proferpina in Hell, although fome efteem Profer¬ 
pina to be the Daughter of Jupiter and of Ceres, 

who was ravifhed by Plnto-> when file went 

abroad upon Mount JEtna in Sicily to gather 
Flowers. Therefore it is faid, that Ceres her Mo¬ 
ther, hearing of her misfortune, travelled all over 
the World to feek after her : And at that time 
taught Men to Sow, to Manure the Ground, to 
Reap, and change their Food of Acorns into that 
of Bread*, for that reafon flie is worfhipped as the 
Goddefs of Corn. 


Additional Note. 

Diana the Goddefs of Hunting,Child-bearing, ab 


Virginity, and Dancing, is faid tobe the Daughter 



others of Tartar us, and of Gcetls 


potens 


but the plurality do make her 


of Hyp erion , 

Or of Ariflam ; uul luv. jjiw.ai.rujf incolumis a 

the Daughter of Jupiter and .Latova. Her Bro~ voluptatibufwt 

ther was Apollo ; and becaufe (lie was firft born, atiemu 

the Poets fay, that (he did the good Office to him 
and her Mother to help her to be delivered of 
him in a Defolace Iiland, where no otherMid- 
wife was to be found; therefore (lie is eftee'med Therefore by 


cal- 


a Goddefs that hath an hand in bringing Children 
into the World. She always kept her Virginity, J5 d 
therefore (he is reprefented by a CrnkPoetpetitio- H e y ra n°ofV£ 
ning "'miter \ 


Iw 


ms . 
* Or 


dS T 


■1 


* * She was painted with her Bow and Arrows, 
in a Silver Chariot, drawn by two white Stags, ^ na “ rc 
fometimes by two Horfes, one black the other property offfie 
white. On her Shoulders were two Wings, to Moon, 

' exprefs her fwiftnefs, and in her hands were'a 
Lion and a Leopard. She delighted in Hunting, 

D 4 and 


t 






* 


* I 

40 


She 


Cfje 5>tffo?p of 

?nd therefore file was called Dytt 


kd from the jffl voy a Net ufed by Hunters 

places where 7 J 

Ml . « . _ « . r % v* .1 « . «• 


Book 1. 
j/, from 


(he was adored, Diana Taurica, Virfia 


Ep htfitfy Torenfis 


?°fp 


Alpbedta, 


<&c 


And 7, 


Venatrix , T> />rw, deitroyer of Bealls, <£rc 

fore named or T'Itavk Qeyv-i*** dy^Tip^t Pheraa 


ph 


fgpyov & c 


* '4 ^ ^ v 

'jctfdivov ioyicupctv % o^5- 

» 


She kill’d the Son of Pyrenes the Nymph 


chafe 


his Mother hearing of this misfortune 


poured forth fuch a quantity of tears, that fhe 
changed into a Fountain of that name. 


And becaufe fhe was 


Virgin, and 


of Marriage, the young Maidens that had a mind 
to change their condition, did firft offer Sacrifice 
to appeafe and fatisfie this Goddefs. And when 
they grew fobig, that their Virginal Girdle was 
too little for them. They came to offer it in the 
Temple of Diana. From hence is derived this 

expreffion, Zona?n folvere , which fignifies to b.e 

with Child, or to get with Child, or to loofe the 


Virgins Girdle. 

The Hunter Alpk&us was a Suitor to Diana, 
but could never obtain his requeft. Unto her were 
facrificed Men and Women, Bulls, Oxen, Boars, 
and the firft Fruits of the Seeds of the Earth : 
Which becaufeKingO^w^ neglected toofferunto 
her, fhe fent a wild Boar of a prodigious bignefs 

into his Territories,to caufe there a deftruftion as 


Ovid 


The Heathens facrificed Virgins 


There were upon her Altars, and infkad of them 

three degrees warc j s a white Hart.Themoft noted place 

araongit her 

Prieiftsi jLtefahpit, Novices enured into the Office-, r^y, rriefl 

ffteiifn> that were grown ^?1 1 


after- 

where 


and 


a 


1 


Ch. 6 


the foeatljen Gods 


4 * 


fhe was worfhipped was Ephefas, herTemplethei 


was built and contrived 



Ctefiphon , and 


larged and enriched by every Prince afterwards. 
In it were an hundred twenty fevenPillars,ereded 
by fo many Kings. It was four hundred twenty 
five foot long, and two hundred and twenty foo' 


broad, when 


was burnt by Eroftrattu, the £ 


phefians rebuilt it again. 

Under the Protedion of this Goddefs were the 

Vagabonds and all Debtors, and all fortsof Woods. 

Her Images were commonly placed in theCorners 

of the Streets and Ways, with two Dogs chained 
at her Feet, and therefore called Trivia Diana. 

Some fay,that£«^,otherwife calledDw^, was l0 Greek 
thrDaughter of Hefperion&cTk&a, who forrowing^tufy 
above meafure for herdearBrother SoL thatwas 


pEr an- 


murdered and caft into theT>o in/M^foe drowned f* 


her felf alfo in that River. Sol afterwards ap- uim 
peared to his Mother in a Dreamland defired her T he Romans 

ep for his misfortune,bccaufe he had ob- did offer unto 


tained thereby immortality with his Sifter 
Dream fhe related to the People, who transferred 
the names of Sol and Luna to thetwoLightsofthe nj, 
Heavens, that were before named Fires 


This ^ er ^ ie Spoils 

of the Enemy 

Dtc 


And 


becaufe Thaa did 


frantick manner, With 


Kettle in her hand run upand down theCountrey, 
making a noife, they performed the Sacrifices to 

Lana, with the noife of Drums,Kettles,Cymbals, 
Trumpets, &c. And when fhe was Eclipfed, they 
made a rattling in the Streets, that fhe might not 
hear the Enchantments of Witches, whom they 


thought to he the caufe of it 


CHAP, 




»« 







•i 






4 1 


€&e tpfftojp of 


Book r. 





CHAP. VII. 


O/BACCHUS 


HDMtf calls 


B 


Acchm was born in the City of Thebes, his 
Father was Jupiter , and Semele was his 


him a i f mcnv Mother 


She fuffered her felf 


hiie Ihe 


</y©* i]ov’ 

Htfiod faith 
that he wa 
the Son of 


* 

but 


big with Child, to be deceived by the per fwa- 
fions of Juno, who hated all the MiftrefTes of 


Husband 


For Juno difguifed her felf, and 


the Son of came in the habit of an old Woman to Semele, 
Jupiter, and of telling her, That it concerned both her Intereft 
Vroferpina. and Honour, that Jupiter Ihould vifit her in the 

There hive ^ % r t • ? * • i 


be?n many ldIIlc 
Bacchus's, one bolts 


fame manner 


he did Juno , with his Thunder 


pittr and 

Prefer pin a 


of /«-. him this favour 


his hand, and that ,he Ihould beg from 


Jupiter could not deny her the 


queft, but it happened that ihe 


by this 


the fecond’ the means confumed, according to Juno 0 s defire. The 
Son of Nilas, Child’s danger moved J upiter, who prefently 
the third of feparated him from his dead Mother, and Ihut him 
Caprius a King j n his Thigh, until the time ofhis Birth was ex- 

fourthlthe Son pi rec * i ^ 0 that he did him the Office of a Mother : 
of Jupiter and For that reafon Bacchus is called Bimater. Other 
of Luna, the Names are given unto him, as * Vionyfius, Liber , 

fifth the Son Bromitu, Lycatts, Lemus, Evan , &c. 

of Ni/w and of ^sfoon as he was born he was delivered toS*- 


Tbeone * See /loiuuu ^ uc yva^uum 

Cicero. * But l £mti and the Nymphs, fome fay to Ceres, to be by 
the Poets do them brought upthey were therefore in reward 
fcarce men- of their good Service received up into Heaven,and 


any otner t | iere changed into Stars, now called Hyad 


Bacchus, be- 

fides the Son of Semele. 


c ftof & urbe vverct' Vionyfius qua ft 


tfi Sidwcui, quod mas folvat 


I'D pi 


are 


named 


Uyfiadts 


When 


Cb. 7 


the Dmljen Gods 


43 


■ w 

When Bacchus came to be of Age, he palled Boebare draws 

through moft part of the World, and made War If 1 ? 1 ? 


the Indians, whom he overcame, and in ^ le f r om^rife 

fignificationof 

was the frit that introduced the Cultome of the Hebrtw 
Triumphing, and atthattimeworeaGoldenDia- and Syr me ^ 


upon 

their Countrey he built the City of Nift 


dem about his Head. His Chariot was drawn 
by Tygers, his Habit was the Skin of a Deer, his 

Scepter was a little Lance, adorned with branches 

of ivy and of the Vine, He invented the ufe of 
Wine, which he gave to the Indians to drink ; at 
frit they imagined, that he had given them poy- 
fon, becaufe it made them both drunk andmad. 

They did commonly facrifice unto him Men, but Thercfi 

fince 

with other Sacrifices •, for they offered unto him 
afterwards nothing but Afies, and Goats*, to 
lignifie, that thofe that are given to Wine, be 


xpedition into India, he was content nar P e d * 


el 


come Sots 


AlFes 


as hfeivious as Goats 


Bacchus was brought up with the Nymphs,which E 1c tic 

teacheth us that we mull mix Water with our 


Wine 


He 


never had other Prielh but Satyrs 
and Women, becaufe the latter had followed him . J 
in great Companies in his Journeys, crying, 
Tinging and dancing, continually. Therefore they 
were named Bacchanales, MimaUones, Lena, auac 


KlOf, f*{ Ad?' 


Orpiu 


Afenades , Nam 


that 


Bajfarides, Thyades , and 

xprefs fury and madnefs.The greateft folemni 


ties in honour of this God 
years, called therefore T 


every three 
Orgy a, from 


the word e?which fignifies a tranfport of 
Anger, becaufe thefe mad Women cloathed’them- 

felves with Skins of Tygers, Panthers *, and in 

their hair hanging ’down they ran over th 
Mountains with lighted Torches in their hands 



aloud 


5 


t 


Eu hoe Evan, Eh hoe Btccbe 

that 


t 





4 


44 


Cjje ttfffojp of 


Book I. 


% 

He was.alfo 


that is, Good Son ; a name given to him by Jupi¬ 
ter when in the War with the Gyants, this 
Bacchus in the form ofa Lion, ran violently upon 
the firft and tore him in pieces. 

Additional Note . 

Bacchus was ufualiy painted with a Mitre upon 
painted riding his Head,an Ornament proper to Women,orwith 
upon a Tyger, a bald Pate, which fignifiestheeffe&of the excefs 

bunclf o h r d 3 Wine. He bad a Sickle in one hand, a Pitcher 

Grapes, in the * n ^ ie other, and a Garland of Rofesuponhis 
other a cup full Head. He did always appear young, becaufe 

wine moderately taken purifies the blood,6c keeps 
the Body in a youthful ltrength and colour. His 
Temple was next to Minerva\ to exprefshow 
ufeful Wine is to revive the Spirits, and enable 
our Fancy to Invent -, for that reafon, the Hea- 
tor’Lyjhis ~ thens facrificed unto him the quick-fighted Dra- 

Ly*us, Nif*us, gon; and the chattering Pye was alio facred to 
Lrnus, Dithj- Bacchus , becaufe Wine doth caufe us to prattle 

}eus, “stbifius more t; h an ls convenient. His Sacrifices were 

ufualiy performed in the Evening, and at Night: 

•3 x' ^ ? a „ J _ :_._i _ n ■_ _:_i .t' _i. 


of Wine. 


Bacchus was 
called Hede- 
rtus, Servo,- 




a, vent 


And it is reported of him, that he carried aTorch 


rando, iacchus , before Proferpina, when Ihe was led to be married 
E [ eltu *g to id Into the 1 n fe r n a 1 God. 

mus NycUlms , 

Ovid. lib. 4. Met am* He is called Vitifer, Thy one us. Hot. lib. i. a v<n@r, 
Menotes, Methymnaus dens, cfWfWK* Ofnis, Hebon, Caly don’t- 

us, Eubulfus, Optimi confilii Deus, Zagmis, Edonius, in Ovid. Oreos, Vi(h 
talt by the Arabians, &c. See Orpheus in Hymn. Nebrodes was another 
Name of Bacchus, which Bochart derives from Nimrod ; Homer faith, that lie 
was born in Arabia ; It is probable, that he was adored after his deceafe for 

Bacchus. , , 

B axk&, Fu- Junocould never endure the fight of him,there* 

r°re percitus, f ore fo e labour’d to drive him out of Heaven,and 

ancTa mad t0 bamlh him from all Society y he fled from her 
god. ’ fury, and ashe was reftinghimfdf under a.Tree, 

a Serpent named Amphishna y bit him, but he 

kill’d 


Ch* 7 


tlje ©eatfjett Gods 


4£ 


kill’d it with a Vine Branch, which is a mortal 

poyfon to fomeSerpents continued her hatred 
for him becaufe he was herHusbandsBaftard,until 


(he caft him 


fit of madnefs, which made 


him undertake an Expedition againft the Indians 


and 


the Eaft Countries: hvSi 


Lufi 


Companion, from him Portugal is 


called 


The truth is, Liber otherwife called Dionyf 


Oft 


by. the Egyptians, was a King of Nyf 


a City in Arabia Eoelix , who taught his People, 
and thelnhabitants of the ad joyningCountries ma¬ 
ny ufeful Arts, as the ordering of the Vine, and 
the preferving of the Bees. He eftabliftied feveral 

good Laws •, he is therefore called He 

perfwaded the people to facrifice to theii Gods. He 
was therefore mightily honoured by all civil Na¬ 
tions. The Grecians eftabliftied feveral Feftival 
days in honour of him; the chief are their TWe- 
teristy kept every three years in remembrance of 
his Indian Expedition, performed in thatfpaceof 


time, their Apaturia , their Phallica , and their 
lema in the beginning of the Spring, that he He « 
might blefs their Vines. This latter Feftival was Ql r . 

named Orgya , becaufe his Profelytes did aont.lib.i, 

in it nothing but fury and madnefs, although this od. 1 9* and 
name is fometime taken for all other Feftivals. Ow'^in Sa PPf J \ 
The Romans had appointed the Afiolia in honour 
of Bacchus, at which time they carried the c huseris. tofo 


of Bacchus 


which 


tues of this God about their Vineyards, as thePa- where he is 

pifts do beyond Sea their Hoft,or the Prieft’sGod named ^ 

about their Fields, that he might blefs the fruits 


of the Earth 


*O 

and audacious, 


Earth. Afte.rwards the Proceftion ^ son of Jupktr 

that' had Rams-Horns upon his Head ; or becaufe Dionyftus firft 
e ufe of Plowing with Oxen, or becaufe Wine makes Men cruel 


Bacchus 


-y-SuA 


*•1 » tfl^lA.4 




i.. - » 





4 6 CDs 0iOOip Of Book fl 

ThisFeflival Bacchus did return to his Altar, and there then 
is called the ra ifcd the confecrated V idim upon the top of a 

Godwins Lance, 2 nd burnt it to the honour of Bacchus* 
about the befides they took his Statues and Images, and 
month of May. hanged them upon high Trees, imagining that 

they contributed to the increafe of the Grapes,and 

of the Wine. 

Now the Bealls that were dedicated to Bacchus! 
tvere the Goats and the Dragons \ the Egyptians] 
offered Sows.The Trees Confecrated to him,were 
the Ivy-tree, the Oak, the Fig, the Vine, the 
Smilax, and the Fir-tree. It was the Cuftonf 

that all thofe that facrificed to Bacchus, ap¬ 
proached his Altars with a Branch ora Crown of 
one of thofe Trees in their hands, which they of¬ 
fered unto him. Bacchus was fometimes feen 
with a Garland of Daffadill or Narciffus about 
his Head. His Priefts were Women painted in 
frightful fhapcs, with Snakes for their Girdles, 
and Serpents twilled about their Flair, to repre- 
fent their cruelty •, for when they performed the 
Solemnity of this God, they ran with lighted 
Tapers and Swords in their hands, and fome¬ 
times deftroyed one another, as Agave did her 
Son Tcntheuiy for defpiling Bacchus and his Sa¬ 
crifices. 

This God did, as the P.oets tel] us, punilh all 
thofe perfons that negle&edor oppos’d his Wor- 

Tbilofirai, ihip.?Mlcethous was changed into a Bat, becaufehe 

would not facrifice to him. And the Pyrats of 

See mmr iu fyh t ^ at an i ntcnt t0 a ^ u ^ e 

Hymn. And were changed into Dolphins; for when they had 

Ovid, Metam. brought him on Ship-board, he forced them into 

the Sea, in the fhape of a raging Lion. 

T. liv . 1 . 39 . T. Livius relates a ftrange ftory of the Feftivals 

of Baccku in Rome, introduced by a Fortune¬ 
teller 


47 


Ch. 8. tlje |)eat6ctt Gods* 

teller of Greece. Three times in a year the 
Women of all qualities met in a Grove called 
Simile and there aded all forts of Villanies, thofe 
that appeared moll referved were facrificed to 
Bacchus and that the crys of the murdered and 
ravilhed Creatures might not be heard, they did 
howl, fing, and run up and down with lighted 
Torches. W hen the Senate was acquainted with 
thefe night-meetings, and their filthy practices, 

Xhey banifhed them out of Italy , and punifhed fe- 
verely the promoters of them. 


CHAP. VIII. 

O/MERCURY. 

H E was efteemed one of the molt remarkable 

of the Gods as well for the Nobility of Jn Grcek 
his Birth, as for divers Offices attributed to him, q U u 

which are very pleafantly deferibed in the tenth merpres erat 

Ode of the firft Book of Horace. & Nuncius 

He was the Son of Jupiter and of Maia, Daugh- wsT 

ter of Atlas , who bears up the Heavens with his mrc ^ m q CH . 

Shoulders, he was born upon the Mountain CyU rans, Mir- 

Ime, which is in Arcadia. curl facunde _ 

His ordinary Office was Ambaffiador and In- 
terpreter of the Gods in this quality, he had 0 °/ e \' On Fr'om 

Wings at his Heels, and at his Head, and in his him ell Inge- 
Hand a Caduceusy which was a Rod with two nious and 
Serpents, twilling their tails about it, in token of Learned Per- 

peace and amity. It is thought that Mercury is nart}ed mcUa 

rides, Horat. /. 2. Od. 17. • Jovis jujfu venio , nomen Mercmii eft mibi, rlauc. 
in Amphitr. and Homer calls him A tU ly MouaJ'©- voy, jfamque per burnt n- 
tm Cy deni us (i. e. Mercurius ) tmbram, Aligtro lap fa port abut jujfa, parentis, 
St l;al t /. 5. Bell, run* 

the 








- ++ ✓ p 




n i?<rt<pov»t 

yft'ovi i§(Ai) 

Sepbocl. 

Ekftr. 




Cfje WOJP Of Book I. 

the Difcourfe which interprets oUr mind and. 
thoughts, it flies as he did, for there is nothing 

more quick andfpeedy than Difcourfe, which hath 

the power of gaining and uniting hearts. 

Another of his Offices, was to (hew the ways, 
and to guide the deceafed Souls into Hell ‘, there¬ 
fore the Poets fay, that none can dye until Mer-\ 
airy comes with his Rod, to break the tye, that 
unites the Soul to the Body. When thefe 
Souls have patted many years in the Elyfian 
Fields, and after that they have drunk of the 
River Lethe , as we fhall fee in the following Cha¬ 
pters, the fame Mercury , by the virtue of his 1 

Rod, doth caufe them to pafs into other Bodies 
to live again, according to the judgment of thofe 

that believe the Metempfychofis. 

He invented the Lute, and a Kind of Harp, 
which he prefented to Apolio. He was alfo the. 
God of Eloquence, which was of great life to hint 
in his Embattles and Negotiations. He was alfo 
the God of Thieves, becaufe he had been a very 
fubtil Thief himfelf,as may appear by what lie 
did to Apollo, when he fed the (heep of King 
Admins, for he ftole from him a great many, 

and was not difcovered by any, but only by the 

Shepheard Battus, who was changed afterwards 
into a Rock by Mercury , becaufe he revealed 
him, notwithftanding his promile to the con* 

trary. . 

Mercury had one Son by the Goddefs f^enui 

his Sifter, who was named hermaphrodite. This 

Child happen’d to meet with the Nymph Sal mac is 

at a Fountain ; the Gods at her earneft requeft 

made both of their Bodies but one, in fuch a 

manner, that both Sexes were conferved entire. 

By this the Poets do give us to underftand the 

union 


49 


Ch* 8 . 


tbe Gods 




union that ftiould be between married Perfons *, 
they ought to be but one body, and one 

heart. . ..... 

Sortie fay that this Mercury made Dadalus fo 
excellent an Architect, and taught him fo many 
rare Inventions* that they rendered him famous 

ali over the World. This V*dalm ieft the City 

of Athens , to offer his Service to King Minos in 
the Ifle of Crete or Candia *, where he built a 
Labyrinth with fo much art, and with fo many 
windings, that thofe that did enter, in could 
fcarce get out again. He wasfhut into it himfelf, 
with his Son Icarus , becaufe he had offended the 
King \ but he made Wings for himfelf, and his 
Son, to fly through the Airout of Prifon. All 
things fucceeded well to him j but for Icarm, be¬ 
caufe he Ventured too near the Sun, notwith¬ 
ftanding the admonition of bis experienced Fa¬ 
ther, the Wax that fattened his Wings to hid 

ihoulders melted by the heat of the beams, 
and he fell into that Sea, which finCebears his ; 

Name; 

Additional Note; 

Mercury was admired for his nimblenefs, He is faid to : 
Which he exp-retted in feveral occafions ^ when he a watchful 

he ftole from Mars his Sword, from Vulcan a 


pair of T-ongs, from Apollo his Axiom ija* tSfifahU 

his Beafts, trom fanus, her Girdle, and from painted his 
Neptune his Trident. He had alfo undertaken face half black 
to convey away the Thunderbolts of Jupiter , an< J J^ 


but the fear of his difpleafure hindred him. 


fie 


was much reverenced by the Egyptians, who 

worfhipped him in the Image of‘a Dog, called 

Ambit ; and by the Gauls, who caufed fe-. 


Gold* 

rmll, 


fed 


vetal Men 1 6 bleed at his Altars. It is re 


of him 


that he taught the Arts and Sciences 


E 


IQ 


w> k .. *. L' _ . . 




2 ^ - • 










vfi 

irJ 





1 
• * l 

i \ 


:*• 

,‘i 


j!i: 

?*i! 

I 


i'ii 


i: : l 

t i« 

•i! 


I!'-' 


'il 




5° 

* 

Some think 
him to be 

Mohs. 


fcje ©(to of 


Book! 


•* - / 


in Egypt : It is probable, that the famous Trif- 


me ft 

Wi 


mcmjts was Mermry 

/vill pH ruUpmt.ut \ w J 


fttti, who flourifhed in the firft Ages of the 
Grid, was werfhipped under this Name $f 


As he was the. God of Eloquence. 


and cyUius,ca- they did confe crate unto him Tongues. His Statue 
ductfer, k»s was ufually placed in the Market, therefore he is 
dse&i %?vavp- called Jyo&Ti&. He was painted with yellow hair 
paw, Acaa- and a purfe in his hand, to intimate the Advan- 

ta S e we may expedt by. Diligence and Learning. 


TCJLKb- 

*v * 


dfyHipbvTMi ?&$cu©~ 
?us> 1 foe, T. Liviiis failh thac 


Thotb by the Egyptians* or Theuth, Thau* 
ivas Mercurius j To doth Philo Biblius y 


Writing, and 


Hear®" ©a9 tJtin J'pBTrdvlw Sxi jSorewj Mercurius 


alfo 


d)cLT0p@- 


Keio<pa$@~< becaufe he was painted carrying a Ram 


: he did reveal the Myftery of the Trinity 
faith. 

Mercurius was alfo the G 


vi©~-> nycfjLwt®-, yAeadbrnt) Teter^yts-®- 


the Heathens, as 


Mercurius was alfo the God of Merchants, 
of Shepherds, and of Dreams y the Egyptians 
received from him their Arts and Sciences, and 
therefore they did honour him more than other 
People. He was painted with the chara&er of an 
ingenious man, becaufe they prove very inge¬ 
nious that are born when the Star of Mercu- 


H 


rim governs* He was named Cyllenim from 

Called there- r ^ e Mountain Cyllene ,-where he was bred and 
fore lp' 0 j)Q -, born *, and Camillas, which fignifies an Officer. 




His Statues were placed in the ways, unto which, 
they did offer their Fkit-fruits *, he and Miner - 
va were worfhipped in one Temple together *, 
th e Greeks placed his Image over the door of 
their houfes,becaufe as he was the God of Thieves, 
he was belt able to protect the houfe from their 
violence. - 

His Image was fometimes made as that of 
Hercules Galileos , mentioned by Cafar , out of 

Whofe mouth came forth Chains of Gold, which 

were 



Cfi- 9 


were 


tbe 



mt 




c \ 


214*1*11 


* % 


Si 


I* 


men that 


* 


flood as bis Feet. This exprfcfleth the power of 
Eloquence, that enflaves 6c governs the Auditors, 
and makes men more able to command than 
ftrength and valour. 



/ ; 


CHAP. 


I X 


: 


Of VENUS. 

♦ • 

w 

* « 

y ’ 4 4 ♦ 

tol E have already mention’d her Birth in the fitffc ^ m{Sj ^ 
Chapter, but the other Poets tell us, that fhe per earn er, 
was the Daughter of Jupiter & the Goddefs Dione. proveniant 
There are three Vemu's mentioned in the Poets, F A icer \, . 
the firft was theDaughter ofCvlm.the fecondcrept 


amnia 


provmant 

Cicer. 


of the froth of theSea, the third was Daughter 


tp&yzmcty 


[puma 


Of Jupiter and Dione , who was married to Vulcan, nata erat. 

She was the Goddefs of Love and Pleafures, be- She is named 

Caufe of her extraordinary Beauty s Her Chariot 
was draggM only by Swans and Pigeons, lafeivious \ 

Birds *, and the places where ffie was moft adored ZxomSkjeu 
Were Amathns, Cytherea , and Paphos , pleafant aix&v ’A^/a- 
Mountains in the lfland of Cyprus. a^tovA, 


She had feveral Children 


of Marriages was 


Hymen&us the God 


A<sf$ 

i. e. c yffneagiy 

kcltclk} eivn> 


of her Sons, and the three Hom . t IJ>20 . 


Charities or Graces were her Daughters, that 


kept her company 


She was alfo Mother of 


There are 
iree Cupids y 

. The Son of 


the two * Cupids , Gods of Love ^ the one was ho- i. The So 
neft,the other was the God of unlawful and carnal 
Pleafures,he had Wings upon his back,and a Qjii- 2> of Mir 
ver full of (harp and burning Arrows, by which he tins and 

X _ . - a i /• 4 


jii nio a vjti- ^ of Mitch* 

j Arrows, by which he r } liS ao d of 

did enftame and heat their hearts. The infamous Venus j 3 . is 
Priam }mentioned inHoly Writ,did alfoacknow- 
ledge her for his Mother.Unto thisGod no other JjJ c j 


cer. de m. Deer. The Creek Poets fay, that Cupido was the 
Snd of Tirtd> Hefiod. 


Son of chaos. 


E 2 


beaft 


% ; t 




-vj - 


J.-A •. y.s ■ * 




1 





$ 

i'j 

I 


% 

t 

i 


I . 

'• * . 


!ii * 

* T f • 
« r. . 


i • 


.*■ 


\1\ 
*. •. ! 


•• 5 

I 

t 

\ i . 


. f 
* 

> 


I 


*i 


5* 

d 

She was Bu¬ 
rned 

(jlo( 3 popular is 
becaufe fhe 
had been a 
common 


€(je lirtfloip of 

beaft was offered by the Afs* 


Book I. 

*A.neas* fo often 


Strumpet 


mentioned in the Latin Poets, was another of the 
Sons of Mentis, and although this fhamefull Divi¬ 
nity was likeaBitchproftitutedtoerery one, fhe 
had the God Vulcan for her Husband, of whom 

file never had any Children. 


thufi 


Diont her pretended Mother ; Cytheraa , 


Amathus in Cyprus ; Dionaa , from 
from enhera an Ifland ; vhilomt - 


xa.foi'TTvy®-, GtnitriXyCnidia , Sicyonia, Horttnfis , {A/jtwcr/f, Migoni 


Elcpbantina , Architis , Symmachia , Erycina, Mtlanis 


Egyptians , Elymex, Sycenfis , Syria, Cy;r/r, Papbia , Ap 


Nepthe 


rias , //cretf, Mdin ex , 


thefe Names were given to her from the 


worfhipped 


Additional Note 


In the City of Rome feveral Temples were built 
to Venus. There was one to J'lrmf Erycina, where 
was the Statue of Awor Latheus, dipping his 
Arrows in a River: another to Femr Ltbitina, 


River 


where the Urns 8c Coffins of the moft confiderable 
of were placed and kept* Another to 

Verticordia who was alfb called Lea Vtriplaca, 

where the women did appear with theirHusbands, 
when there was any difference between them, to 
find fome way of reconciliation. After the Cere¬ 
monies appointed for that good Office,they did re¬ 
turn to their home many times with that fatisfa- 
dion that they fought. There were feveral other 
Images and Names of Venus. There was in 
Rome, Venus C ah at a , with a bald Pate} Venus 
Barbata , with a long Beard, falling down to her 

Navel, Venus Cloacina , or Cluacina. In Greece 

1 ./icpApwinni an t erpded a Statue tO VWo^Vtf 


From hence the Lacedemonians ereded a Statue to 


are named 

hrKtri JW* 


in memory of that famousVidory obtained 


by the Women of the A/e 


era 'MTifzi' Enemies. Her ufual 
vXcJmL p % eons » Sparrows, S 


3 Meffeniansy their deadly 
Sacrifices were Dove?, 


Swans, &c 


The Rofe 


Claud. 


inducement 


Love, the Myrtle Tree, afymbol 


of 


M 


y __ 







i * 


I 


Ch. 9. 


4 

t&e foeatheii Gods.' 


n 


% 

of Peace, were dedicated to this Divinity, who ^ 
was fometimes reprefented with Fetters at her 

Feet, , - 

Her Children were many *, Priapjts the God of He was named 
Gardens was the moft noted, although he was the iyph, Mato, 
moft deformed. It is reported, that when Bacchus orneatts , Lam - 

came from India, Venus went to meet him, and pam * 


crown him with Garlands and Rofes. He in re- 


. mylts 


♦ i 


*s I 


quital begot on her this mifhapen Fellow PriapUs, 
who came to be thus deformed by thelnchant- 
ments of Juno, for he was bewitched in his Mothers 
Womb. He was no fooner in the World, but 
when flic beheld his ugly fhape, fhe caufed him to 
be conveyed out of her fight. 

He was painted in fuch a manner, that it is not 
convenient to reprefent it in this place, only we 
may fay, that his lap was full of Flowers and 
Fruits, and in his right hand a Sickle. . T ■ : > 

Hymeneus was the Son of Liber and of Venus, 
he was named Thalajfius amonglt the Rom ah’s', 

he was the protestor of Virginity, and the God-of 
Marriages, unto whom the new-married Virgins 
did offer Sacrifice, as they did alfo to the Goddefs 

Concordia, ■' * 

% 

* 

1 In the City of Rome there wore two Cupids, 

called fwaiid Antem , to.reprefent mutual Love, vocan- 

for they ftrove oneagainft another, who flibuld n^^fbe no- 
have the branch of a Palm-tree that was between te( j j n Greek, 
them, to exprefs that contention that fhouldbe that fig- 

between friends, to deferve the Palm, or the h ^-lawful 

Love,bvLt%$uf 


unlawful 5 


nour of excelling in love and friendfhip. ‘ 

• \ 

tfiey poTne from a different Radix. Cupido was named fyutf ©- 

Tyr annus-, Harpys Dens, <7rcivJk^stTa§, j 8cc. ; 


4 ' 


s 


/ 


E 3 


CHAP 



\ 




i -. . 1 .V i s l' A; 




5 4 


Book 1 


« * 


, V • 

; • ; :; . 


K >' 


CHAP. X. 


*\ m 


1 / » 
> • 


A 

Of A U R O R A, and off rift Ufa Deities 


*'*•«/ - 


‘ \ 

* 


«,*«,& ,rf->fiHat Light,,. which we perceive before the 
m* Rofcida la- Rifing of the .upon our Jiemiiphere, 
Cis. Stated in ^ath t^aken’ |of the, Qoddefs Aurora , 

Thytft. ad. 4 * rrorr i; n „ r 0 the Opinion of th<? Heathens. 


UVAV J 

who 

doth 


4 V ^ . 






i i 


dropping with Dew,. to foretell the arrival of 


the San. 


* * 


I 


« 4 


4 


She fell in love with Tithonm r the Sou of Lao- 


i 


-e 


tal) without granting unto him the priviledge of 


continuing always young 


When.he cameto 

MM 


» t I 


9 ' 


i ♦ # 




evils that did trouble bit!) in has decrepit Age . 
therefore he conllnted to be metamppphofed 
in,to a GraHiopper.; This Fable contains much 
truth,: for it is certain, that Jtthem, a great 

lover of Aftrology, was wont to rife by break 

of day to behold the Stars. • This continual and 
conftant vigilaney ha^ rewarded him with a long 
Jif.s, and preserved him from, alt lirknefs; but 
« old Aee. amonaft other Vices, is fabjeft to ex- 


ft i J - 




Geffiye. pratling 5J from hence it is that they imaf 

gined that old Tithonut was turned into a Grafs* 

hopper. From this Marriage of Aurora with 
Titbqm r A id proceed the couragious mnon x 


who Went to the Trojan War to the ailiftance of 
Triamw, and was there challenged into the field, 
and kill’d by Achilles in a Tingle fight *, at which 

lofc Aurora was extremely affiifted *, therefore 

y■/: . • when 




au.n\ 4 




t 


>* 


Ch. ro. 


tlje fpeatfien Gods. 


? 


I * 7 


s. • 


. • ft 




when his, Body was in the flames, 
flie changed him into a Bird. Ti 


i j 


tans to 


honour his valouf ,did dedicate unto him a Brazen 
Statue, of which it is reported, that when it was 
vifited with the Beams of the Morning Sun, it 


appeared mqlt pleafant, and yielded an harmony 


That Star that we call. which rifesat 
break of day, was the Daughter of Aurora, it is 


break of day, was the Daughter of Aurora, it is 
called, alfo Lucifer , or Thojphoras, when it 

marches before the Sun* but a't night, when it 


f . y 


er 


or Help eras 


)a,u juu"iviwu^ * & Aic^ijuvv* r 7 

Its Office is to appear at the head 


of all the other Stars, when they come to enlighten 


the night 


% 

■ 

Additional Not 


Aurora is faid to be the Daughter of Hype- she * s named 
w, and of the Nymph Tkia y or of Titan and by the Poets 
e Earth. When her Husband grewoldand Anm.> ayy%* 


rton y ana or rne in ympu i ma y ui ui icum b y t 
the Earth. When her Husband grewoldand Aum 
loathfome, (he laboured by certain Herbs to 
remedy her own grief, for by their vertue (lie 
reftored unto him^ m his d^crepic fMttnnontt tn&- 

youthful heat and vigour, and removed from ter, j 
him thofe weaknefles, that were grievous unto feida 

both. m 


both. 

If the Heathens have enrolled Aurora in the on co 
number of the Gods, we muff: not wonder at 
What they have believed concerning the Sun y and 
the Moon y as we have already feen, and of ail 


the other Heavenly Bodies 


were as they 


affirm 


Certain Men, and Animals, tranflated 


from Earth 


Heaven, and changed into Stars 


Several of them held the Rank of Gods 


Hercules Cepheus 
Daughter Andromede 


and his Wife Caffiope 7 his 


his Son-in-law Perfc 


Frichthomus 


who was begot of the Seed of 


E 4 


Vd 


\ • . 














00 




t 


* 

Vulcan when he offered violence to Mnerva, 

afd was alio delivered to the Daughters of Ctf- 

crops to be brought up: Becaufe they obfer ved not 

Minerva*s advice ; but curiouflyfearched into the 
Basket, where this new-born Monfter was hid, 
they became mad. 

This Erichthonius was the firft that invented the 


ufe of Coaches and Chariots 


hide his defor 


mity, becaqfe he had nothing butDragons feet.He 

was King of Athens 7 and governed his People with 
Juftice and Equity. 

At the Northern Pole is that Conflellation 

the Little 'Bear that leaves 


Called Cynofnra, or the Little Bear tnatfej 
to direct the Mariners: This She- bear was < 
of the Nymphs that had the^ tuition of Jup 


when he was an Infant 
otherwife called He lice. 


Daughter of Ly 


The Great Bear is 

or Caiifihoy Ihc was 


* 


King of jircadia , and 


was changed into a Bear by the Qoddefs Diana, 

becaufe ftie had diihonoured her Company, by 
fuffering Jupiter to rob her of her Virginity, 
which /he had prpmifed to keep. Jup it er was 

fo much moved with compaflion, that he carried 

her into Heaven, and changed her into this Con- 
ftellation. 1 

b 

Although fome name it the Chariot , be¬ 
caufe of the dilpoiltion of the Stars that form 
and reprefent a perfect Chariot ^ the Stars that 
are pext adjoyning are called 'Arid ophy lax, 
that is, Keeper of the Bear, or Bootes, that is 


Keep 


of the Bear 


Bootes % That 


Driver of the Chariot. Orion alfo, who is the 
fore-teller of Rain, is placed in the Heavens V he 
had done good fervice p> Duma in Hunting, and 
had fo much ftrength and skill, that he did not 
fear to meet with any favage Beall although it 
were the moil furious* The Horfe Pegafas was alf^ 


Ch. ix. 

there promoted 


m jpeatpen uoas. 

and the Serpent that kept the 


57 


Apples of the Hebrides, with the Eagle that 
brought Ganymede to Jupiter \ the whale that 
Heptane Pent to devour ^Andromeda, the Great 

Dog, and the Lefter Dog, otherwife named Pro - 

cyon, with many other Creatures, that are all 
placed either in theZodiac!^ or in fome other parts 
of the Heaven. 

Orion is faid to have been begot of the Urine delay 

of Jupiter , Merc wry , and Neptune, who pilled 

in an Oxes Hide, when they were feafted by jVf 


feafted by ££ 


Hyreus , and to requite him for his kind Hofpi- Sonyf./i^i j. 
tality, they advifea him to bury. the Hide ten vtrf, 99. • 


Months i 
out of it 


the ground 


7 


Child, becaufe he had 


ndpromifed him then 


Orion 


became an excellent Hunter, and in this em¬ 
ployment he ferved Diana •, but when he began 
to b6aft of his skill, (he killed him : Not long be¬ 
fore he adventured to ravifli Mecops Daughter of 
Mtiopion , who punilhed him by putting out his 
Eyes *, but by V’nlcarP s help and afhftance he reco¬ 
vered his light again. 



CHAP.XI. 

1 

* 

O/NEPTUNE , and the Deities of the Sea . 

. ' 

N Eptune was one of the Children of Saturn ■, Vtftunus ti 

he had to hislot the Command of the Seas ; which 

and of the Waters, when the World was divided the Egyptians 

amongft him and his Brethren; his Scepter was pro-' 0 


Jkptunus tb 


a Trident, and his .Chariot a great Shell of the fxiontorics and 
extremities of Land, fee P. kit arch. In iftde : rrouvScov or rrojesJdv, a P hxni 

cian vvpTd Pefitanfi. e. extended, large and fpatiousj awordfyno 

nymouj with Japhet j feeGb. 9.2x* Bock art* in Phal eg. lib. 1. cap. 1. 

' , * v f ^ ’ 

Sea, 


• * 







e of 


4 

i 


* 

.1 


Sea, which was drawn either by Whales. 


by Sea-Monfters 


by Horfes that had the 


lower part of Filh. His Wife was Amphhrite 


fo named, becaufe the Sea doth encompaLaboqt 
the Earth. He obtained her by the means Of 
a Dolphin, that was afterwards advanced among# 
the Stars, near Capricorn ; - He taught $Ien the 
ufe of the Horfe, which he caufed to/copae forth 
of the Earth with a blow of his Trident, at the 
difpute that he had with Minerva about the name 

of the City of Athens in the Areopagus . ~ But 


- / 


of the City of Athens in the A 
becaufe he had been engaged ir 
again# Jupiter , he was confined 


us 


the Earth 


where he was forced to offer himfelf to the fervice 

of Kina Laomedon . to build the'Cir'v of Tr™ Tte 


I 


we 


K ing Laomedon , to build the City of Troyes 
have feen in the StOry of Apollo. * The 


Apollo 


Virgil. Tritons) half Men and half Dolphins, Wiere his 
1,10 ‘ Children y they were wont to accompany him, 

founding certain Shells, in form of a Trumpet. He 
begot alfo the Harpies, by the acquaintance that 
he had with the Earth ;.they wore Monfters that 

didingenioufly and perfectly exprefs the qualities 


of a Niggard 


They had faces of young* Maids 


although fomewhat pale,but their bodies werelike 
the Vultures, with wings and Claws both at their 
hands and feet, their bellies were infatiahle, and 
of a prodigious bignefs •, whatever they touched 
was infeded and {polled, and they ftole all. that 
came near them. ; • 


Additional Note, 




Neptun 


efteemed 


9 0 

famous God,becaufe 


the Heathens judged him to have the command of 
one of the Elements ^ he was called Confus, for 
the Romans do affirm, that headvifed them, ip 
the fir# beginning of their Empire,- when there 




■ 



Ch: 


the ^eatfiett Gods 


S9 

to Ileal ht%Uros hr 


a fcarcity of Women in their City, to iteai w 

^drMpiohhours* the Sabins,2. convenient 


from their Neighbours, tne ,; I 

(hnDlv of that Sex. He was named alfo Nupturns 7o 

u^Jus or Equefter, becaufe he taught Men 

the P de Of Horfes •, and as the Fable informs us, 

LlIC W'*’ X C _ C^\¥\r 1XTOC VrtCdV, Hoftitf* 


hecreacedat Athenian. Horfe, when the City was 
built. The Romans, to acknowledge the benefit, wae0tuaK£( 
; w thpir Emnire had received fromHorfcs, in- rrilmiftr or 
toted Horfe-Races in honour of Nhpmt. The Tridmtieerw 

^1.4 K„v,ic \rame. either becaufe he was 


called by his Name 


Sea is. called Dy ms iw, w ‘““ T" „ fe -r < tw e /*£JW®-» 

this ateedy and inhumane God diddrown him m 

the Sea as foon as he was born. He had a famous ©-, Tenaw, 

¥e e 5a K rt-rf wi *± s eKSs SSS* 

Sea Viftories •, but he received a _g mins, ssmiui. 

when Minfins the Emperour caufed bis Statue Hl 

» be pulMdown, becaufe he was thought to have //„*■„ s , m 

raifed agai n ft him a Jempeft at Sea, where he «*>•«*« 


had received fome lofs, w ith 
his life. 


Sea, where he rm, W<rft ik 
fmall danger of 


his life. . rnabus, evow- 

The Wife of Neptlinns the Daughter or 
Opbionis, Salacia by name, i. e. according to the -g* 

judgment, of St. AnJHn, the lower part of the Sea V .r t v- 

others name her Amphitrite, , , _ 

' The Ocean where Neptnnns commanded was 
efteemed a God, the Father of the Rivers. His 

Effigies was much like to that of s 3 Rive fj. a 8 r ., 

Man with Bulls Horns upon his Head. His Wife , 
was Thetis, of whom he had Nerens, and Doris, 

that married together, and put into the World 


His 


•t 


S H Heav», W ** Sm 

had green locks of hair remained upon Earth, 

among# the Waters, the Meadows, the Forelts. 

The Nape a, the Dryades, and the Ham adrjades, 
a\a i in rhe Woods, in the Meadows, and 


called Nymphs 


Some of 


* 


The 


Nape*, the Dryades, and the Hamadryades 

well in the Woods, in the Meadows, am 


did dwell in 


among# 


\ 


.1 *_• X--. . P-‘ a _ •* wjl- ♦-». 




-** li -iaiiC' 




6o 


€fje of 


Book I 


amongft the Flowers and green Paftures. The 

Natades were for the Fountains and Rivers, and 

The Souls of ™ e. Nereides, that did borrow their Name'of 
the deceafcd their Father, were appointed to the Sea.Thevdid 

NymphT d ®?. trerae |,y love the AMyOHS, Sea-birds, of whom 
Yet Lm,r th,S w0 ? de "'? related ' that they build their Nefts 
faith, nSw* u P°n the Waves ofthe Sea, in the midlt of the 
iftrU/if XX- rno “ : pormy Winter? 5 but when their young 

0 , nes d ? pee P forth of the (hell, the Sea round 

r T”M £% * 


of the Moun¬ 
tains, the 


never come to any damage by it. 


The molt re 


la&UJj UJC 111 r J v J 

Daughters ©f markable of the Nereids was Thetis who kent 

~me 7 g Na «,° f , hcr Mother ’ was fofair, th'at 

dtmnindts, and J, ., ^* nles foretell, that if (lie was married, (he 

AgyRi’i *; “ 10u ‘ d have a Son far more couragious and more 

there and (he dreadful than his Father, he willingly left her 


there and the dreadful than his Father, he willingly left her 

“Xco be re an , d P! e n . her to Pekus, the Father of MiUeu 
born of Jufi- wl0 ^ Aftions alld Life we lhall deferibe in their 
ur ; buc the P ro P er Place. 

Sr-sr^ss sa%vsb£ .«sa 

tI oned by Virgil. 1 Utis, AxpbiL, E„nic “ " 1 ttelLhS Tu 

S-OSJSHiT- 


* oe 3 Jutland^ v£giria 3 tyc 


Proteus 


* Or rather 


of his * Phoci , who 


Neptune 's Shepherd, and the Leader 

t % 1 _ 


called Calves of the 


VUnrr; ~~ - * WllU WGIC 

lr)0TCl» Ho fit* C , _ _ — Vi*v 

a, was another Son of Oceanus and of Thetis ‘ 
e Romans called him Jjertummts , becaufe he 

S ^L t0 change himfelf into all forts of 

1 


Proteus .reign¬ 
ed in theJiland 


forms and fig 


and 


thofe that intended 


a great Fortune 

) make ufe of him 


- in Es> * Si therero;e nimc 'd Pbims ., by \imir PxUtni.us ani 


VhAljPYXkS, 


- were 


* 


ch* x t 


* 

the ©eatflen Gods 


6 x 


were td furprife him, and bind him faffc> until he 
took his proper and natural fhape, and told them 

what they defired. 

Glaucus . Ino* and Melt cert a were Sea Dei- Hence Prov, 


tie's. 


GUttcus had been before 


Fifher-man; fAcd/*©* 


at a certain time, having call his Filh upon the Qjyj v 
Grafs, and perceiving, that by the virtue of a cer- * 09 

tain Herb, which they touched, they received a ovid’^itAw: 
wonderful flrength, and did afterwards leap into lib. 3 , 
the Sea again-, his curiofity moved him to try Therrurhis, 

the virtue of it himfelf, He had no fooner tailed 


of 


but he fell 


an excellent 


himfelf 


nr ^ r 1 n k&i v^v^javui. 

fit of madnefs, and call Diver,that did 

t « 4 t J 


the midil of the Waves, where the commonly 


Sea Divinities had a care to receive him,and admit live in the Sea. 


him into their Society. 

The Story of Ino is more various * oAthamas 
King of Thebes had married her in fecond Nu¬ 
ptials, after that he had divorced his former 

.Wife Nephele, This /w was refolved to dellroy 
Thrixtu and Helle , Children of Nephele. Phri* 
xhs to prevent the danger, ran away with the 
Ram, that had a Golden Fleece, the honour and 
riches of hisTamilv. He and his Sifter mounted 


paltphat 


riches of hi*'Family. He and his Sifter mountec 
upon it with a defign to flee to fome other Coun 

trey - r as they were pafflng over the Straits, be 
tween A pa and Europe , Helle fell into the Sea ii 
a fright, from hence this place is named Hellejpont 


But thrixrn arrived ha 
Colchos , where he of 


the Couritreyof 


his Ram 


up iter 


and fince this fame Ram bath been admitted 
amongft the twelve Signs of the Zodixckj but 
the Fleece was put in the hand of <i/£iha King of 
the Countrey, who placed it in a Garden confe- 
crated-to Mars, and appointed a good Guard 
to fecure it, as we (hall fee in the Story of 


led-to Mars, and appointed 

fecure it, as We lhall fee i 


M 


/ 


7 tins 







6 2 , 




dooki 


• \ 


was mightily concerned for the Child 
of Ntpbele, therefore fhe troubled the mind 
Atbamas, and caufed him to run mad; in t 
condition he attempted to kill Ino and her Chil 
dren, but Ihe being furprifed with fo great 
change, call her felf into the Sea with Melicert 
Neptune pitied her j and therefore received he 
into the number of the Divinities of his Train 

afterwards Ihe was efteemed to be Aurora , an 
therefore called Leucothea , the Break of day. He 
Son was called Patemon, he was the God of tk 
Heavens. 


i 

j 

i 



* the son of We mult not here forget the God * t/Polw 

fupiter^nd of for his Empire was upon the Waves of the S 




Are 8 a the 


He was the God of the Winds, and dwelt 



Daughter of ^ jfl anc j s near 

SThlT Winds dofe prifone 


Sicily , where he kept th 
>, giving them liberty wh 




named Hippo- he thought 


tadesdm Wife 


Befides 


thefe, there were certain Monfter 


ms uopaira , t hat dwelt ^ear the Sea, and terrified the Mari 


ners. In the Straus of Sictly were Scyll 

dren, fix Sore-, Cbarybdis. They report this Chary be 
and as many been a Woman of a favage nature, that 


They report this Cbarybdis tohav 




Daughters 


Pafiengers to rob them 


S 


When fhe had ftol 


med by Dtod. t j ie Qxen of Hercules, Jupiter kill’d herwith hi 


i r 

I 


Thunderbolts 


afterwards he turned her into a 


furious Monfter, and caft her into a Gulf,' that 

bears her name. 

Scylld was the Daughter of Nifus , King ol 



the Mecariens : 

* O 9 

King of Candia 


Ihe 


ell 


love with Mmol 


■> 




her 


Father 


and for his fake fhe betray 
For when Minos made Wa 



upon the Megartens ( becaufe the Inhabitants 
the Countrey had cruelly put to death his So 
Andfogeos ) and held the chief City Megtra\s 

fieeed"; Sty Ha during the Siege did oft walk upoi 


It 

( 


the Walls, to recreate her felf with the harmo¬ 
nious^ founds which proceeded from the ftones. 
for. when Apollo built this City, he often laid 

his Harp upon the ftones, and by this means im¬ 
parted unto them that virtue, that when they 
fbould be touch’d,they fhould yield a moft delight¬ 
ful found. This young Princefs beholding Minos 
from this place, began to entertain a kindnefs 
for him, which perfwaded her to deliver the City 
tmto him, upon condition that he fhould yield 


* * 


unto her defire and luft 


T he w hole buiinefs did 


depend only upon an hair of 


P urple colour 


* 


which was in the head of Nyfus^ for whilft 


he kept it he could not be overcome 


therefore 


when he was afleep fhe cut it off. 


This Treafon 


unprofitable 


Minos , but he could 


abide a Daughter guilty of fo much cruelty 
againft her Father, therefore he caufed her to be 
thrown Headlong into a Gulf of the Sea, under 

the Promontory or Cape that is over againft that 

of Cbarybdis. There file became a moft horrible 

Monfter, for all her lower parts,from the Girdle 
downwards, changed themfelves into Dogs of 
feveral fhapes, that continually barked there. 
Others there are, that relate this 1 


that relate this ftory otherwife 


for Ovid tells us, how Scylla, was metamorphofed Ovid. Metam. 
into a Lark, and Nifus into an Hawk, that did 9 * 
perfecute her continually for her Treafon. Thefe ^ 
fay, that this was another S cylla , that the Witch 
Circe changed into this Monfter, in a fit of jea- ctoTn cA’auVe 

loufie, becaufe a* had lefs lov^ and kindnefs x*Kdir; 
for her than for Scylla. We fhall fee in the pw 


for her than for Scylla . We fhall fee in the 

nineteenth Chapter of the next Book, who this ** 
Scylla was. * 

The Sirens did alfo inhabit upon thefe Coafts 


JW 

Qd, 


of Sicily 


7 


their upper part was like fair Virgins, 

and 


<4 


€he PiQotP of 




and their lower did 


Book i 


mice Mum ofagreatFifli 


They 


ptlago Sin 
volucrtfque 


that the Palfengers were charmed and drawn t6 

them, but it was to the end that they might de- 


<frc ♦ Claud 


paella scylUos ftroy. them *, therefore they do very well typifie 

^♦Claud/**’ unto us unlawful Lull, for its pleafures and 

allurements will infallibly bring us to an unhappy 
end, unlefs we imitate the Example of Vlyffei 
who commanded his Men to flop ^heir ears with 
wax, and caufed himfelf to be bq'und faft to the 
Mall of his Ship, when he palled by thefe Seas, 
That the Sirens might not prevail upon him. Th& 
craftinefs of Vlyjfes did not a little vex them, fof 
they hoped to obtain him and his Company for 
their prey. 

Additional Note . 

« * 

Some Heathens did believe Oceanrn to be thd 
Beginning and firft principle of all things^ he had 
a numerous Pofterity : Hefiod reckons up three 
thoufand Daughters, befides Sons. PromethetU 
was his intimate friendi he did many good offices 
for the Gods, particularly he brought up and non 
rilhed Juno. 

Hefiod la Tim- Njeretu was his Son, who had about fixtyDaugh 
imi* ters that waited upon Neptune, hisHabitation was 

in the *Asie*n Sea : Hercules went to enquire of 


Hefiod 

genii. 


in the *Asgean Sea : Hercules went to enquire of 
him where he fhould find the Golden Apples. 

When /whad craftily madeaway all the Chil 
dren of Nepbele, except two,lhe caufed the Oracle 

Aosllod. faith- t0 demand one of them as a Sacrifice to Jupiter , 

/ y * * 1*1 r i n __ . Mi 


which forced them both to flye away. AtbwM 
her Husband was fo incenfed at her cruelty, that 


that Ntpheie ■ wmcn rorcea tnem Dotnto 
favcd them her Husband was fo incenf 

from the dan- t0 ok gon 
ger, and fur- 

nidled them with this wonderful Ram, that < 
midft of the Air} Vbrixus arrived fafe in Colck 
dope the Daughter of oSetes, fee Apollod. lib , I. 


het Son Ledrchus. and cut off his head 


Ram, that 


lem through 
he married < 


where 






> 


; • - * * - 

Ch. ii. 


the ^eat&en Gods. 


a 

*5 




whereupon I no in haft caught hold of Me-licerta, fosatur Leu- 
and call her felf with him into,the Sea : He was C0 ! b9A : 


called Palemon, otP on unit's. God of the Harbours, & 

In fome places of Greece Children were offered in habita eft vet 

Sacrifice to him. ." mans. 

• _ ■_* % 4 

The Sirens are noted for their folly and cruelty.,: 

Thefe are the/names of the chief of them, A* 

•• )>4 1 • i * * 

ylaope, Pifinoe ',, Tbelxiope , Molpe, Alogophonos , 


mans 


Ptfinoe ,, Tbelxiope, -Molpe, Alogophonos , 


Leticofia, Ligea , Tartbenope. 


The laft gave her 


name to the famousCity oiltaly, Naples, anciently 
called Tarthenope. They played very well upon 
feveral Increments of Mufick, infomuch that 
they challenged the Mufies, by the perfwafibn of 
Juno. In the Ifland of Crete, was the meeting* 
where the poor Sirens were fliamefully overcome civid. in Met. 

by the Nine Sifters, who took from them -tfieir lib. , 
Wings, and made of them Crowns, which they 0r P h * * n Ar “ 
all wore, except one who was efteemed the if r e J( 0 > 
Mother of the 5/?w,and therefore it did; beeline ne y, ’ ' •: ; 
her not to triumph over the ftlatja'e.of her Daugh¬ 
ters. Their dwelling was between Italy and Si¬ 
cily, all the Palfengers are Paid to have per lifted 
there but Orpheus, who with the found of his- 

Harp overcame the noife of the Sirens Voices. 

Vlyjfes had the happinefs to pafs alfo without any 
harm : It is laid, ,that they were fo much grieved 
at the efcape of this laft, that they calf themfejye$/ 

headlong into the Sea, and have never fince been 

feen. ' * 


F 


k 1 


e h a vi 


V 







I 







4 » 


f ' 

: I. 


t: - 
1 ; 

-i ' r 

•»i* ►. 

■; * 

>■• ;■ 
>1 


U 


, i l, 


% * 

1 :.* 


;>i • 

I *j 
j if 

. ii 

l H 

li 

► 

• 1 

I ‘ 
\ 

• » 

4 i 

. • 


> # 
I 

j . \ 

4 f 
% 

I v i 

k f ■? 
>:: 


i 


I 1 - 




i: 

4 i; 

■it 

i- I : 

> • 


> • 


,h 

;* i| 

•i *i 
r ; f| ' 
' j 
it 

J 


4 

» I 


n 


•* 


, * 
: l 


M 


Ii 

r 


H ‘I 


ti .• 


1 ‘ 
j t ‘ 


‘;i : 
r . ? 

.. 

*; . 
J » , r 


i 

r » 


;rj • 
M , 


4 7 


* 


4 
• i 

t » 
♦ 

*. \ 


Zlje ipfSoip of 


Book I 





V 




> - 


* 

i 



Voutw Pan 
avium cujios 

Virgil* 

Tbtocric • 

* • 

Vhnmuius 


CHAP. XII. 

bf the Deities of the EARTH 


f • ( • { * 

that we mentioned in the fecond Chap- 
^ ter as the Mother of the Cods, is alfo the 
Goddefs of the Earth , therefore file was painted 
fitting, and crowned with Towns, & round about 
her a great number of Animals and Trees. The 
Shepherds did own her for theirGoddefsjamongft 

them lhe was named Magna Pales . 

Pan was eminent amongft the Gods of the 
Fields j he was the Son of Mercnry , who had 
alfumed the form of a Goat to beget him*, there 




fore his Beard and his Feet were like a Goats 

with Horns upon his Head. He was called Syl- 

to be of another 


thinks that vanus, although Virgil feems 

fignifies t He was thebeloved of the Nymphs, who 

put themfelves under his protection, and danced 

Thu Arcadians did 


God 

- n 

that includes 


with at the found of'his Pipe 


ail tilings witn av •***' * v 

his pretence. honour him as their God, ottering 


\%idx.rnii el - 


crifices of Milk and Honey 


w unto him Sa 

The Romans alfo ii 


, the month of February , did dedicate unto him 

wLiVai«• certain Feftival days, called Lufercalia, from the 

place Lupercal , which was confecrated to hirn 
‘ Evander, where Remus and Romulus were after 





he utins , waf( }* brought up by a Wolf. 

i ujM,ums,Ct}tifts, Lumftcus, Mu, tUmliui, from a Mountain; 
by the Egyptians, Mtndes j as Herodotus and Suidas relate. 

picus the King of the Latin People had a Son 
flamed Faunas, that was alfo a famous God of the 


Fields, he invented many things necefiary 


Husbandmen 


He was lookt upon as the Father 


df the Other Patini, and of the Saty 


) 


111 







. # 






7*.» 


1 


Ch. II. tU $catBeit Gods. 

dll wear horns lipbn their heads, and had Goats 
feet. When thefe Stttyrs becanie old, they were 
called Silent. They were great Tiplers of Wine j 
the chief and the ancientell of them brought up 
and tutored Bacchus in his Infancy; he was al¬ 
ways deferibed riding upon an Afs. This Animal 
became famous in India , Mien Bacchus made 
War againft the Indians ^ for when it began to 
bray, the Elephants of the Enemies were frighted 
and difordered* which was the caufe of the Vi¬ 
ctory. For a reward of this good fervice, Bad 
chus promoted this Afs amongft the Starsj near 

the Crab. 

Additional Note . 

t * 

Cybele was originally of Phrygia , the Daugh¬ 
ter of Menoe , an ancient King of that Countrey$ 

(he wa§ caft into a Wood, and there left to be 
devoured by the Wild Beafts, upon fome diftafte 
that her Father had taken againft her Mother. 

A Shepherd happily finding her, brought Her to 
his' home,and there caufed her to be bred upas his 
Child. She quickly grew famous, when file came 

to years of underftanding,becaufe of her extraor* 
dinary beauty and skill in Mufiek,& in the curing 
of Infants Difeafes, which caufed the King to 
acknowledge her for his Daughter, and to grant 
Unto her a Train better befitting her Birth. She 
afterwards became amorous of Atys , a young man 
of the Country,v^ho becaufe he could not have the 

liberty to marry her, got her with child* Atys catuil ; 
was condemned to dye for it, and Cybele for grief 
became mad \ fo that file left her Fathers Court, ovisU 
and ran up and down the Country with a Pipe and tain. 
Drum in her hand. ‘ After her death, when the 
Phrygians were a fS iifted with fcarcity of corn, and 
divers difeafes, the Oracle gave them this advice, 

F 2 as 




- 


68 


Ipfffoni of 


. 11 


Book I* 


Goddefs 


remedy to their evils, to worlhip Cybel 


She was not well known amongft the 


Romans ^ until Hanmbal was in the bowels of Italy 


a. 


h his Army 


The Senate being frighted with 


si! 


i i 


feveral prodigious accidents,that happened at that 


:r. •, 


fent to confult the Books of theSy&//,where 


they found, that 


grangers might be driven 


out of Italy , if Mater Idaa did come to Rome 


i % 

1 : l 


r, 

M 1 • | 

t. • f 

ill i ♦ 

. • i 


This obliged them to fend Ambafladors to Attains 


King of Phrygia , to beg from him the Statue of 


•«* ■ * 


1 ' 


Hence called this Goddefs, which was of Stone in the Town of 




liii 


Mater Peflinun- J> e fi 


tia , or Dm 


They brought it to Rome , and all the 


-!• : 5 

-; u \ 


■i « 


•i A 

■ i if 


Syria 


Dames of the City went out as far as the mouth of 


i 4, 

■ 1 


Tyb 


The next year a Temple 


ereded for her ; her Priefts were Phryg 


f .» 


i . i 


called Corybantes , they had over them one called 


'L •• t 


Archi-G alius an Eunuch, as moil of them likewife 


were, therefore called Semiviri Phryg 


They 




did perform herSolemnities with a furious noife of 


Drums, of beating of Brafs, and of Mufical 


: 


ftruments.Th zCorybantes are Jupiter* s Life-guard 


? i , 


becaufe they brought him up. The Pine-tree and 


. i 


the Box were confecrated to this Goddefs 


He loved alfo 


Pan was the God of the Mountains, and Sheep 


the Nymph 


alfo of Huntfmen, he loved Eccho. of whom he 


Sj/rinx Qvid. had a Daughter called Irynges 


He was alfo be 


loved of LunailYis Sacrifices were performed 


3! ! 


deepCave>fituate in the middle of a thick Wood 


i r 


they were wont to offer unto him Milk and Hone y 


• : : 


Shepherds Dilhes.He' was painted with a flick 


hand, and a Pipe in the other,with a long 


Beard, and Horns of a great length upon his head 


*! :: 
i>! 

|i • 


and with Goats feet 


Eaunm was alfo a God of the Fields 


the 


II 


1 


Apparitions in the Woods, & all the Voices 


attributed to him 


il 


H i: • 


GHAE 


3 


t * 





I 


V 


CIi. 13 


tfje rpeat&eit Cods. 


%9 


* j 



CHAP. XIII. 


Of the INFERNAL GODS 



itpt) 

cits, Summa- 

MSy Soranus , 


F we fpeak of Hell, according to the manner cl and. in rapt» 
of the ancient Poets, we muft reprefent it as a Vrofirp. 
large fubterraneous place, whither the Souls are * Vacatur vis 

conveyed when they go out of their Bodies.The 

God that commands there is * Pluto , Brother of Aidonaa* Jge* 
Jupiter and of Neptnnm , his Wife is ProJerpinepfilkHs, 
the Daughter of Ceres •, he was conftrained to fteal chtha*x 
her, for he had been refufed of all theGoddeffes, > 
becaufe of his ill looks, and the darknefs of his U ' r ~ 
Kingdom. 

Several Rivers do eneompafs it, which we mu ft Februus Deus, 
all pafs, before we can enter into it: Acheron us, * 
is the firft ; Styx the fecond, this River did run < 
round about Hell nine times •, Vittory was his 
Daughter, who having been favourable to Jupiter 
in the War againft the Gyants, he by her means 
attained to fo great credit, that when the Gods 
had fworn by his Waters, it was not lawfull for 
them to ad contrary to their engagements ^ 
which when they did, they were deprivM of 
their Neftar^ and of their Divinity, one hundred 
years compleat. The Styx did rife out of a Foun¬ 
tain of Arcadia j whereof the waters are venemous, 
and of fuch a ftran'ge nature,that there is no rnet- 
tal that can keep them ; nothing but the hollow 
of an Afs, or of a Mules Hoof, can retain this 
piercing water. The third River of Hell was 

the Cocytas, which did fwell only with Tears. 


* 


% ► 


u * • **- 




'TV 


A 4 - 


V-v >. 


'1 V * 




V* 




-• 4 » 


♦ . *1 


r . L 


\ l JJ 


* 


The fourth was Phlegeton , whereof the waters 


were 



v*. 


« .* 


F 


O 


Charon 3 



79 


C&e pttWtg of 


Book I. 


Charon, the Ferry-man, did offer his affiftance 


and his Boat to carry 


that came from 


this Upper World 
fpedt to the Lords, to the Grandees, and to th? 

Princes, as to the meaneft Slaves, hecaufe Death 
brings all men to an equality .They whofe Bodies 
bad not been buried,did wait many years upon the 
banks of the River, before they could be admit¬ 
ted to pafs with the reft. 

At the defcent from theBoat they met Cerberus. 
a great Dog with three heads, inftead of hair he 
was covered ail over with Serpents. 

lie kept the Entry of Hell in fuch a manner, 
that he filtered all tp come in, but none to go out. 

Within was a dreadful Night, efteemed a 
Goddefs, the eldeft Daughter of Chaos, and the 
Mother offeveral Monfters, that did befiege this 


He did fhew 


little 




Intr&ntmque 
ttUm latratu 
Ctrberus urget, 
Claud, in Ruf- 

fmra. 




Homer. m 
Odyf ' 


unhappy place 


for befides Envy, Greft, Po 


verty, Care, Labour, Difeafes, Cruelty, Defpair, 
here were to be feenDeath,and its kinfmanSleepv 
The latter was honoured as a favourable God un¬ 
to Men, becaufe of the reft which he procures un¬ 
to us one of his Officers was Morpheus, the God 
Of Dreams, who had the cunning a,nd art of 


n 'cfo 


taking 


forts offhapes 

1 * ' 1 t» . 


There were alfo the 


8 : Harpies condemned 


perpetual darknefs, and 


Hew, 


3 the Chimara , that did vomit fire and flame, her 


Trans' head was like a Lions, her middle like a Goat, 

i g i' * and her tayl did refemble that of a furious 

Dragon. 

' In thefe fubterraneous places W a $ the abode of 


’JE umtnidm 

ignis. Wars, ^he furies, called otherwife Dir* or Eumenides, 

Their names were TifiphoneyMerara, zw&Alttto, 

gr niit*iinj~ they were armed with flaming Torches, out of 

Star, in Theb. Their mouth proceeded a filthy froth, a fign of 

b 8. their raging humour*,their eyes did fparkje as the 

{ light- 




IS 


« 



lightning, and their heads inftead of hair were 
adorned with long and dreadful Vipers. 

In the Palace of Pluto, the three Sifters,(named Sic ?arc£ vo- 
Parca) Clotho, Lachefis , and Atropos, did refide. s 1 cac * 

Thefe were the fatal Goddefles, or theDeftinies, q^’ 
that did appoint unto'every one thefeveraladven- death, 
tures of his Life what they had decreed accor¬ 

ding tp the Judgment of the Gods could not be 
altered : They were more efpecially bulled in clotho colum \ 
handling the Thread, and difpofing of the courfe 
of Mens Lives. The youngeft held the Diftaff^/^.They 
and did draw the Thread, the fecond in age did are called alfo 
wind it about the Spindle, and the third old and ma, deems, 
decrepit did cut it ofR and thi$ was followed with mrta * 

{fie immediate death of the perfon living. 

As foon as the Souls were arrived in Hell, they urna nttineir* 
went to give an account of their lives before v Jjf at 

Minos, Rhadamanthus, and *AEacw, their Judges, ciaud? 

Who had in their keepingthe fatal Gheft, where Numquamftan - 
the Names of all the Jiving upon Earth were regi- tt Pehpeia do - 
ftred \ out of it was drawn every mans name, mo : * h . n °s VOm 
when he was arrived at the end of his days. The aft/i.in Thy- 
. Gods had intrufted thefe Men with this Office, dte * *. e. mi- 
becaufe during their lives they had been very juft nos, the i'nfer- 
in their Judgments. Here we muft npt forget n . aI J ud 8 c » w jfl 

what is related of v£acw, when the Plague had ? 0 ^ndemn ^ 

carried away all the ..Inhabitants of the Ifle of offenders, 
Epna, where he was Ring, he obtained of Ju- whil ftpelop's 
fiter the favour, that all the Ants fhould he F a nu J y re¬ 
changed into Men, that thelfland might be again malDS * 
filled with Inhabitants, they \yere therefore called 
Myrmidons .. The truth is, they were thus named, 
becaufe they did mightily apply themfelves to the 
improvement of the ground, and like Ants ; were 

always ftirring it up. 

When thefe infernal Judges had pronounced 
* * F 4 iheir 


n 


7% 


u 4 • ,«: 


- . .. _ Book I 

4 ‘ • ^ v - . ''' 7. 

their Sentence againft the wicked Souls, they 

were caft headlong fcjy the Furies into the bottom 


^ 1 asrtarus, a dread 11 place defigned for their 


Ttm 


• There were to be feen the Gyants and the 77 - 

tans, J in the midft of the flames, loaden with 


tfl fni _ arente huge Mountains, to hinder them from riling 
in undis ali- again , and TkntaUts , who was ready to peril}] 

f’j; £$**. with hunger and thirft, encompafTed with the 


undis 


again, and Tantalus, 


fame biante 
femper ? A. Se 


<X 


bundance of all forts of dainties 


There was 


ThyefUd. alfo 


Salmoneus 


s. i.e. The ru- been ftruck< 

5 ne of the Fa- caufe 1)e h( 

Sit m p G. 

mentsibflided hlS Chariot 


■ 

the King of Elis, who bad 


upon 

Hell. 


been ftruck dead with Jupiter's Thunderbolts, be- 
caufe he had the impudence to counterfeit and 
play the God upon a Bridge of Brafs, caufiilg 
his Chariot to run over it, ' that it might make 


» * v t 


a noife like that of Thunder: In his courfe he 

caft on every fide flaming Torches to reprefent 

the Lightning, and fuch of the Spectators, upon 
whom they did unhappily fall, were cruelly mur- 


im 


f 


In this pi 


were alfo the Danaides , or the 


Virgil 


Horn 


Betides, fo named from Telus, their Grandfather, 
they were the Daughters of Damns,' from 
whom the Greeks have taken their name Danai. 

This Damns was forced to marry them to the 


Sons of Egypt 


m number, for Egypt ns 
fifty Daughters of Damns 


his Brother 5 they were equal 


had fifty Sons for the 
. But thefe wretched 


Creatures cut their Husbands Throats the firffi 
Night that they dame together, only one ex¬ 
cepted ■, therefore they were condemned in Hell 
to fill up with Water a Tun without a bottom, 

which they could never efFeft, becaufe at the 

fame time, that they poured it in, it ran out at the 

other end, > - 1 ^ ‘ “ • 

. Here 



MV 1 3 


tge ipwzym uoas 




73 


Here was alfo 


Syfphw, a famous Rob- Syfiphi lapis 


her, forced to heave up a great Stonewith his ? r . ov 

Shoulder to the top of a Mountain ; when he “ 
was almoft come to the end of his labour, it fell me nt that re- 
again to the bottom, fo that he was conftrained to turns upon 


upon 


be always beginning. 

Jxion was here tyed about 


one. 


Wheel, that 


did continually move 


He was condemned to 


this punifhmeht, becaufe he had been fo bold as 
to feek a too familiar acquaintance with Juno : 
Jupiter to be better informed of his intentions 
prefented unto him a Cloud in Juno' s likenefs,of 
whom he begot the Centmri , half Men and half 
Horfrs. • ' 


Membra celtri 


differ 


Sen 


fa 


I • 


All the Men, that had lived 


9 

honourable 


life, anc 
pointed 
the Elyfi 


and all. thofe that had ended their ap- 


Tartarus* were conducted 


pzd-icov xjel- 

pfyih dMf 


Fields, places that did abound with ho*u 


all manner of delights and fatisfadions 


Rut de Heffort, ll< 


at the end of 


number of years, they 


3*2 


did return into the World again, to live in other 
Bodiesand that the Souls might not retain any 
remembrance of thefe Elyfian Fields, they drank 
of the River Lethe , that had the virtue to caufe 
them to forget all things paft. 


* r 


* 1 . ' 


Additional Note. 

* m * 

It is very remarkable, that the Papifts fol¬ 
low in their defcriptions and fancies of Hell, 
and its Suburbs, the Heathens, or Romans , - 
their Predeceflors, who with the Empire of the 
World have left them many of their Groundlefs 

Opinions, and ftrange Superftitions. As the 

former did imagine feveral Apartments under 

ground, and fubterraneous places, fp the lat¬ 
ter maintain divers retreats of the Soul after 
. . 1 ’ ' ' Death. 



« 


74 


CfieMo# uf 


Book i 


& 



Death. The Purgatory of die Poets defcrjbed 


by Virgil j is the fame 
Chriftians. 


that of thefe miftaken 






Plato was the God of Hell, and of Riches 


he 


bad two Keys in his hand, and was attended 


by a dreadful Train 


beads 

bad 


-> 


by. the Furies 


w mm 

by Cerberus with three 


the Tare a* &c 


He 


upon his head a Helmet that did render 


him invifible* and 


thofe that did wear 


i Prti, Galen* 


Ifytc mnis 
4 uam amis 


tlquiturbxtft; jB!l Ceafe l unt :? him.This felloiv was greedy of 
Portitor tile ™°. ne y» therefore he would let none pafs without 
cbaroKf biqm apiece of Silver, which the Souls were wont to 

whit undo, ft- carry between their lips;thofe that were not dead, 

or untm r ied,were never admitted into thisMan’s 


by this is intimated the fafety that Men find 
in the Grave. His Sacrifices were performed in 
the Night, and the Tree that was dedicated 
to him was the Cyprefs. He was a blind 
God, and did not love to fee any light, there¬ 
fore the Poets fay that he is mightily afraid 

when the Earth do quake, and let in the day 
into Hell. 

Charon , the Son of Erebus , and of the Night, 

was his Ferry-man, to' convey the Souls of the 


fulti. Uteri - 


Pfdturjor. Bq 


rendas , &s, 
Virgil 6. 
vfntid* 


Yet tineas by his Piety, Hercules and 


Thefeus by their Valour 


and Orpheus by his 


Mufick, obtained the priviiedge of viewing Hell 
and of palling to and fro in old Charon? s Ferry 


1 


Boat. 

Cerberus was 

begot of Typht 


IhapM and a cruel MaftifF, 


and of Echidna 


Hercules had 


the ftrength to drag him from under ground, and 

bring him to fee thelightof the Sun*,when he was 

upon Earth, it is reported, that he vomited oii the 
gfo.und, ynd immediately anew Herb fprung up; 


called Acomtum 


Wolfs-bane 


In 



reft. 

The Harpies were a ft range fort of Birds , 
painted with Womens Faces, Dragons Tay Is, 
arid Eagles Talons; they are fometimes called 

PurU, Strives, and Lamia* . They were faid 

to fuck in the night the blood of Infants, there 
were three in number, JEllo, Ocypite , and 
Celano. They were very troublefome at pub- 
lick Feafts, in the night, and efpecially to 

blind c Perieus *, but Calais and Zetus , the two 
Children of *Boreas and Orythea , had pity of 
the Old Man, having therefore Winged Feet, 

fliey purlued the Harpies, and drove them 
from Pctteus his Table; afterwards they were 
confined to Hell. Their next Neigbour was 
3 cruel Monfter, named Chimara , that was 
dreadful, becaufe of its mifhapen Body, but 

much more becaufe it breathed forth nothing 
but flames pf Fire. The Furies had there their 
habitation •, hut when the Gods had any great 
defign |n the World,in raifing of Wars, or trou¬ 
bling the Peace 1 of Men, they fent for thefe 

Furies of Hell,. Who difguifing themfelyes went 

and 


C&e pittotp of 


Book 



1 


4 


iviuui. 


« 


and performed the Commillions,with which they|{,; s H arD . 

tirprp 7 nt- r n fl-Pf]' Kn/mrsltririnp _i ' 


{till, except when Orfhm was there playing upon 


were intrufted,by applying their burningTorehes 


» j , j - r ' w , ^ 'I Sy[ipMMS+ uiw uvu vi vvao q^viuwm 

t0 v he , heart u aQd lnwar< ^ P art ?^ f^ e P^rfonsl ^ving difcovered the Secrets of the Gods, and 
wit w om they were concerned .This reprefentsl particularly of Jupiter, who had made him the 

tmto us, how the Devils do.tempt us mwardlyl confident of ' * ' ' ~ ‘ 


* 

the Son of zAiohis* was a ecu fed for 


evil 

The Heathens did im 




Hell 


than was 



on 



three Kings,eminent for their upright dealing 

judge and difpofe of the eftate of every 
cording to his deferts. 

before them naked. 


Love to i/Eginu, the Daugh¬ 
ter °f dfit Mi alfo for having fpoken irreve- 
ieverer Jufticel ren tly of him, and for having fpoiled and mur~ 
rth, for they placed! d erec i ftrangers* for which enormities he was 


ao 


The Souls werebroughtljjg^jjjs Labours, 
without any ornament 


firft ilainby The fins, and then fenttoHellto roll 
up a great Stone, that did fall down again and re 


name, that might render them recommendable, 

therefore the wicked were punifhed with fire, but 

the good were admitted immediately into the £- 
lyfian Fields, 



\ 


CHAP. XIV 


Ixion 


the Son of Phlegiat, is remarkable 
amongft the wicked, by his horrid murder,which 


Of fime other DEITIES, 


he committed under the pretence of FriendfhipJtjEfides thefe common anduniverfal Deities 


for he cafb his Father-in-law into a pit of burning! jj that we have mentioned, the Heathens did 
coals. His troubled Confcience caufed himafltancy others, who had a particular kindnefs for 
terwards to wander up and down the Earth, uu-Jcertain Houles and Perfons, 
til Jupiter out of pity made fatisfa&ion for hisl The domeftick Gods were named Lares, or 
crime, and received him into Heaven, wherel?^*^, they were in fhape like Monkies, placed 
eate and pleafure caufed him to become both wan’IiQfome private place of the houfe, orintheChim 


and ungrateful: He fell 


with 


ney-corner ^ they honoured them as their Prote- 


aud fought to defile Jupiter's Bed *, when he heard I dors, and did therefore make unto them offerings 


y 


of 

led Nephele, or a Cloud, in Juno's habit, of whom 


he prefented unto him a ferving-maid,caI-lof Wine and Frankincenfe. 


-.-i * * jnrw yji l ney UlU cillO llUdJ 

hebegoc the lecherous Centattrs. By that means!born with two Genii 


They did alfo imagine, that every one was 


<-» . V—..... - • j i>.vun.| UV tii w lLn uvw uproper tohispsrfbn 

falling into difgrace with Jupiter , he was fenllDarned T)£mones 5 the one was good and fa 

back again to the Earth, where he began tfllvourable, which perfwaded him to honefty and 


brag or his pranks, and relate how Juno hadlvirtue, and in recompence did procure unto him 

fubmitted to his luft, fop which he was by-J^-ISll manner of good things proper to our Eftates 7 
ter condemned to this torment in Hell,to be 

.% mm - - _ ‘ # 


qnaally carried about a WheeLwhich 


flood 

ftifl, 


toe other was the evil Genius , who was the 

caufe 


/ 


7® 


yv 




* 




r 


caufe of all wickednefs and mifliap, when ever h#Qr a Y* 


The Genius of the Romm State was 


got the upper hand. 


• < 


minted with a Cornucopia in one hand, and a difh 

r , : . ' -i i * i __ _ i _ 


The Heathens did acknowledge alfo a Gren&tt the other* which was ftretched out upon 


* Lubricant 


Goddefs, named * Fortune 


» 


who had in her 


Altar 


The Heathens laid, that their Genii 


ibmen* 


pofleffion, and at her difpofal, the honours, the 


of a nature between God and Man, and 


WViiVUWII) WUU uv VIIV 1 W 41 VW*. KJJ L U y| --./ ; - m • 1 p r (Y 

riches, and the happinefs of this life; lhe gavel therefore they imagined them to be Sons or Ju- 


them and took them away at her pleafure. 




this is noted of her, that (he Was blind, and very 


fiter 


and of Terra 


All the Stars were reckoned 


their number, and therefore they did worfhip 


inconftant 


in her hand was a Wheel which fhclthem 


the Jews did in the quality of Angels 


turned without ceafmg, railing fo me times Mch| They did paint them 


on the top of the Wheels and fometifties caftingl Serpent, and lometimes as Bo| 


them down, fo that there was nothing fettled orl old Men 


but a Garland of a Palm-tree was al 


allured that did concern her. She was adored byl ways upon their heads, therefore this Tree 


the molt part of Men, the greateft Princes hadl named Gemails 


In fome ancient Medals, the 


Vocetwr 


one of Gold kept fafe with them in their dwe \MGemus of the Emperour was represented as a 

1 ■ • t 1 J: il -I7-.il i *%4» L AfftAvtn in 


\ 


(ZadwA pi- ling, that lhe might be always favourable unto 


Man, with a large difh ofall forts of Flowers 


yl&ravA?- them: The Goddefs Nemcfis , or Vinditta, had 


hand, and a Scourge in the other, to exprefs 


aa e y e u P° n cr l mes and misdemeanours of|hoth rewards 


They thought 


rrotoQvhtW) 


every one topunilh them. The God Momtts wasl it not lawful to kill any Creature unto their Ge 


Orpk 


worlhipped by them, but he grew mightily Oiftl ttius on their Birth-day, becaufe it was not de 


vvviuu wy tuvuJi i/ut tiv fiiwvv unciutur ... // — —; i 

of favour, and became odious to all the World* cent > t ^ lc Y Ihould caufe Creatures to lofe 


- V/* AU * VM1 y U14U 1/VVQIUV VvIlVU J w ciu tuv v r VIAVW / ~ s 1 • 1 1 • J L * ‘ 

, becaufe of his ill qualities; for he had his begin-! their Lives,the day on which they received theirs 


ItruujJL ning from Sleep, and the Night.- And although hc|y et Horace mentions the killing of a Pig of two 

vosgta?. Hejiod. was very flothful and ignoraht, he was nevertht-lmonths old. The ufual Offerings to the Genm 


in Lbtogon, 


lefs one, that found fault, arid that did prattle o 


Wine, and Flowers 


As the Men had theif 


every thing, which did proceed partly from his 


Geniiy the Women had aifo their Jan ones, God 


vanity, and partly from the wtaknefs of his judgJ deffes, that did watch over and protect them 


ment. 


Additional Note. 


* 

Magne Gem , cape thura tuber, s 


7 


fai P 


Genius a gig- 


_ . • i 

The God of particular Perfons, or of Kin# 


And 


nendo) or ab doms, was named Genius 


caufe ”he Vup- e Y e over anc * did accompany them to the 


he had a continual 


F unde mirum Genio . 


ports or fuggefts unto us thoughts. Virgil names them Manes, this 

Z. - /*_i I_ 1 /• I . i ^ • » l 


is fometimes taken for the deceafed Souls. Genius malt comes qui tmfi 


♦ 

* • ♦ 

The Penates were the Gods, that were placed 




Tibul. lib . 4- 


rat a firum. Horat, 


V 


Grave. 


in penetralibus domi , in the innermolt part of 


the 






8 a 


%\)Z Of 


Book T; 


*- • w > 

the Houfe, as Guardians and Protedors toit; 

1 here were the Penates of Cities, of JCtngdoms^ 
of Heaven and Earth, and of many eminent dwel- 


'Larannm, the 


place where God's: 


lings. JEneas brought his from Troy \ they/were 
two young men in a fitting pofture: ThcD/fta- 
tor and chief Magiftrates of Rome did facrifice to 
them when they entered into their Offices, and to 

the Goddefs Vefta. 

The Lares were another kind ofDomeftick 


they were 

worfhipped. 

There were 


God's ^ in figure like a Dog: Plutarch tells us, 
that they were covered with a Dogs-Skin, and a 
Dog was placed next to them, to exprefs the 


tares pub Ucl, watchfulnefs and care that they had of the Houfe, 
Lares famlia - a ud their friendfhip to thofe who did belong to it; 

ftitti to drive The Fable fays,that Lara being condemned to lofe 

away enemies; l ier Tongue, for rev&Iing unto Juno , Jupiter’s 

Lares mar ini, intention of deflowring Juturna, and being lent ia 

of the Sea ; Mercury’s cuftody to Hell,by the way he lay with 
Lares quircu- her,an 


lani, of the 
Oaks. They 


7 b 


egot two Sons named Lares, from whence 


thefe Gods are derived. 


arealfo called praftites, Larva, Lemures . Ego Lar fum familiar is, banc do- 
fnm jam rnultum annos eft, cum poffideo & colo. Plaut. in Aulul. 


• t 


_ # 

Fortime■> the Daughter of Oceanus , and the 

Servant of the Gods, was carried in a Chariot 
dragged by four blind Horles, under her feet Jay 
a Globe, in her right hand the Helm of a Ship, 
and in her left hand the Horn of Plenty. She had 
feveral Images, Statues, and Temples ereded-to 

her honour ^ for the Romans djd worfhip none 
more than Fortune . At her right hand did play 
upon a Wheel a young Youth, with Wings upon 
his fhoulders, named Favor , to exprefs hoW 
foon her favours may flyaway from usf Two 
Images were remarkable at Rome „ Fortum 


upon a Wheel a young Youth, with Win 


his fhoulders 


named Favor 


i 


expreJ 


foon her favours may fly away from usl 
Images * were remarkable at Rome , 


C al va } and For tun a Tinea 


both were very 




Chi 14. 
fignificant 


built to the honotir of Fo 


the HlentDcit Gods. 

9 

■ 

■ » • were alfo feveral Tempi 


one 


primigenia-. 


Cap 


F or tun a 

1 1 - 

Fortuna 


- t - ; 


obfequensl to Fortuna privata , to Fortuna map 
cula, the latter was near the Temple of Venus 5 
one to Fortuna barb at a , to Fortuna publica , to 
Fortuna plebeia , and another to Fortuna multe - 


brit 


whofe Statue had the power 


fpeak. 


as Val. Max, lib. 5. cap k 2. informs us ^ and to 
feveral other kinds of Fortune , Temples were 
ereded. When Fortune was not favourable to 


When Fortune was 


them, they loaded her with Curfes and Impre¬ 
cations. 

Nemfis , the Daughter of Jupiter and of 
Necejfity , was the Goddefs of Revenge-, ffie 
was called Adrafiea , becaufe Adrafius built her 


a Temple 5 and Rhamnufi, 


Greece , where fhe was worfhipped 


from a place 


painted as Jup ice is, 
and a pair of Scales 


^as worfhipped. She wag 
with a S word in one hand 
in the other, with a fad 


Countenance and piercing Eyes, or with a Bri 


die and a Ruler 


The Heathens did think 


flie would either re ward or punifli all the adions of 

our life. 

• 9 

The Employment of Momm was to reprove the 
faults of every one he did not like Val cm’s Man 


who had 


Window in his Bread, that 


thoughts through it might be feen.. ,He was non 
jfleafed with the Slippers of Venus, becaufe they 
made too much noife : He reproved Neptune’£ 


much noife : He 


Bull, for nothavingHornson his fhoulders,rather 

than on his head * and Minerva’s houfe, becaufe 

it was not moveafle. 

Befides. thefe Gods, that were worffiipped by 
molt Nations, the Romans had feveral others', and 

of many kinds : Some were called Mimes ,, who 


G 


were 







■it * .. ..Va L 




8z Book I. 

j . ; ‘ ' 

ivere advanced from the Eftate of Men to the 

* 

Honour of the Gods: Of this number was Her- 
cules,mto whom divers Chappeis and Altars were 

ere&ed in Rome, & many favourable Epithets a- 
fcribed unto him, as Magnus Fill or, Triumphator, 

Defenfor, &c. Faunas was another. . Carmenta 
EvandeA s Wife another, and Evander himfelf, 
King of the Natives of Italy. Cafior and Pollux, 
vFfculapias, Acca Laurentia, the Nurfe of Romu¬ 
lus and Remus, Quirinus, a Name of Romulus, 

from whence comes the word ghiirites, the Ro¬ 
mans Title. 

All the Perfe&ions and Vertues of the Soul 
were alfo adored as fo many Goddefles, Mens the 
Mind, Fir t us Virtue, Horns Honour, Piet as, &c. 
And over, every part of a Man’s Life, they had 
particular Gods & Divinities. The young Babes 
were under the Protection of thefe. Opts , Nafcio,. 

* n 1/ v * Faiicanus , Levana , Cunina , Goddefles that 

nRi ] A did look to the Child in the Cradle, Rnmina 

that did affift it to fuck Potina, Educa, OJfi - 

Liao , Fabulinus , Came a , Juventas, Or bona , 

Volupia, Libentina , Anculi Eii, were honoured 
by Servants. The new-married Couple had feve- 
ral Gods; Jugatinus that did joyn them together, 

Form due us he that led the Bride home, Manturna 
Dea , Firginenfis , Cinxia, Mutinus, Deus Pater - 
Subigus, Mater Prema, Ftriplaca Dea. All 

thefe had their feveral Offices appointed them in 
Marriages*. The Goddefles of Child-bearing 

are Alena Dea, Juno, Fluonia, and Lucina, Partun - 

Laiona, Egeria. Bona Magna Genata, 

&c. ' 

Mitrria Dea, the Goddefs of Laflnefs. 

Strenua Dea, of Strength and Valour. 
StimnlaDea, who prompts Men to Labour. 

C& 


i 


Ch. 14 


t&e Gods. 


Agonius Deus, who did blefs their underta 


kings. 

Horta, who did perfwade them to any 
bufmefs. 

that made them carefuL 

Folumntis Deus, the God of their Wills. 

Adeona & Abeona De&, the Goddefles of their 
coming in and going out. 

Fittoria Dea, the Goddefs of Joy or Victory. 
Pellonia Dea, (he that was active in driving a* 

way their Enemies. 

Fejfonia, fhe who did help the wearied. 

Averrmcus Deus , that did divert from us all 
evil. 

Angeronia, the Goddefs cf Silence. 

Laverna Dea, who did blefs the Thieves in 

their Robberies, and unto whom they did offer 
Sacrifice. They that were under her protection 
did divide the Spoil in her Wood, where her 
Temple was ereCted j therefore they were called 

Fares Laverniones. 


n her Wood, where her 
therefore they were called 


Llama Dea, the Goddefs of Funerals, &c. 

There were alfo amongft the Romans the Gods 
and Goddefles of the Fields, befides the multi¬ 
tude of Nymphs and Satyrs j thefe were the molt 
noted. 

Pales Dea, the Goddefs of Fodder,and of Shep¬ 
herds. 

% 

Flora Dea , a remarkable Whore, who gave all 
her Eftate to the People of Rome, upon condition, 
that they would honour her Birth-day withPlays. 
The Senate, to remove the infamy of her life, 
created her the Goddels of Flowers, and did of¬ 
fer unto herSacrifice,that fhe might blefs the hope-' 
tol increafe of the Fruits and Flowers, In her ho* 
flour were inftituted the Floralia. 


S3 


G 2 


Pomona 


% * 


94 


mje jputojp ot 


DOOR 




da Vtnus 




Pomona Dea had a Command over the Apples, 

and fuch like Fruits, 

Tutullina Dea had an eye over the Corji. 
Robigus Deus did preferve the Corn from the 


infection of the Air 


& 


Dea , that did keep the 


Pop id am a & F algor a Dea, that did keep the 

Corn from the Thunder. 

P Hamms & Picamms Dii , the latter is called 
SterqmlmiSy becaufe he taught Men to improve 

the Ground with Dung: The firft is the God o 

Bakers. 

Tubona Dea , of Oxen. 

Hippona Dea, of Horfes. 

Mdlona Dea, of Bees. 

Jugatinus Dens , who did live upon the Moun 
tains. 


Rufina Dea, a Countrey Goddefs 


Terminus Deus 


the God of Limits 


The 


People of Rome were commanded to fet Hones 
upon the Confines of their Ground, which were 
called Termindia * 7 upon them they did offer to 
Jupiter every year; and if any was fo impudent 




as to remove them, his Head was to fatisfie Jh 
pitcr, unto whom they were confecrated. Thefe 
Stones, were crowned every year with Flowers 
and upon them Milk was offered to Term 

ms. 

Pan was a Field God. 


Sylv. 


the GodofCatteLand of the Court 


trey 


Priap 


was the molt 


and fhamelef 


of all their Gods 


molt impure anainaineic 

he was the God of Mariner 


well as of the Countrey, and of Gardens: H 




painted naked 


the other Gods and God 


Valias 3 turrit a 
CjLclti 


pm dens defies ofLove 


Fsronia Dea 


alfo a Deity of the Wood 


th 




a 


« 


ch. 14. m OeatDcn Gods: 

* 

the Wife of Jupiter Anxnr in Italy \ near her 
Temple was a large Wood, which took fire, but 
when the People did run to extinguifli it, of its 
own accord the fire went out, and the Wood in a 
moment became green again and flourifhing.The 
Slaves who were to be made free, did receive the 
badges of liberty in her Temple. It is reported 
ofherPriefts,thac they did ufe to go barefoot upon 
burning Coals every year, at a fet time, before 
the People. 

The Romans had increaPd the number of theic 
Divinities, fo that many thoufands were reckoned 
amongft them ; every affection of the mind, and 
difeafe of the body, was honoured as a Deity : 

Such were Pavor , and Pallor , Cloacina , Aim ho- 
cutius , whofe Statue gave the Romans notice of the 
coming of th q Gauls. Rediculus was another God, 

Temp eftas, Febris , Fugia, Fornax, Caca, p r icepota y 

and Volturnus Dew,&c. .: ‘ 

And as the Romans did enlarge their Domi¬ 
nions, they admitted all the Gods & Go'ddeifes of 
ftrange Nations into their City.Therefore when 

Tiberius heard of the Miracles of our Saviour 

from Pilate* s information, he defired the Senate 

that JefusChnfi might be introduced amongft the 
number of their Deities, which they had iio incli¬ 
nation to do, either becaufe of the place of his 
Nativity, which was generally hated, of all Na¬ 
tions, or becaufe he could not be rightly worfhip- 
ped where there was fuch a multiplicity of Idle 
Gods.. Now thefe were the ftrange Divinities 

worfhipped in Rome, after they had conquered 
(he World. 

Sanlha , or Deus Fidius , the God of the 
Sabines. 

• . 

• • 1 

Io, or Ifis, a Goddefs of the Egyptians. The 

G 3 Poets 

4 


86 


VLW ipuNRp or 


Book 1.1 jbh. 14 


tyz pearnni uoas 


Poets inform us, that (he was the Daughter of I a Sacred Relick in her Temple at Memphis *, fhe 
Jnachtu , a profeffed Whore, yet the Prieft of| was honoured as the Goddefs of Navigation, and 


Juno. She perfwaded r to yield to her Lull-, I of the Weather :Her Statue was a Cow with 


but Juno 1 s jealoufie purfuing after her Husband 
found them together, Jnp 


i 


Horns 


7 


fome fay, a Dogs Head, unto which 


the form of a I Ovid alludes, calling her Latmor * Anufois 
Cldud, and Jfis of a whit'e Cow,, for Jupiter had I The Romans had an extraordinary reverence for 
changed her, that {he might not be fufpe&ed of I thisGoddefs,although they baniflfd her, becaufe 
his Wife, whounderftood hisfubtilty ; therefore I jierPriefts had cpnfented to defile her Temple with 
fhe begg’d the Cow from Jupiter , he being afraid, I Whoredomes^after wards (lie was admitted again, 
by a refufal to difeover her & his own difhonefty I Her Priefts were initiated with Blood andWater 
granted her tojuno,vfho prefently committed her I they had their Heads and their Beards (haven, and 
to the Cuftody of Argus with an hundred Eyes ; I did wear all white Linnen Garments. At the Entry 
there fhe continued in much mifery and perfecu-1 into her Temple was the Statue;of a Sphinx, to 


y 


until Mecury was fent homjitpiter to deliver I fignifie that fhe. was a myfterious Goddefs: For 
ber:he played Argus afleep withhis pleafant Mu-1 her fake the Egyptians did keep in a corner of her 
Eck,intending to iteal away the counterfeitCow, I Temple a white Cow, which when it dyed, they 
but a Boy, named Hierax , gave notice to Argus y | did all 
and awaked him, as the other was a departing 1 put 
with his prize *, Mercury feeing no remedy, bvft I alfo of the God^p 


for a Prince 


5 


another was 


place of the dead Beaft. This is reported 


that he muft either negled Jupiter ’s Command 


0fir is, King of Egypt, was, her Brother and 


kill Argus, took a great ftone and knockt him I Husband, he is efteemed the fame with Serapis 


dead upon the place, and changed Hierax 


fome 


him Vionyfms, Ammon , Jup 


r 

7 


nd 


a Hawk for his ill Offi ce.Juno was not a little I Pluto. The lafl name I conceive was given him* 
difpleafed at the lofs of her faithful Servant, I becaufe he had fuch an extraordinary care of tl \c 

therefore fhe transformed him into a P^cor^that I Dead, caufing them to be buried hi feveral places 

yet retains the number of his Eyes in its Feathers,! madejon purpofe near Memphis, to entourage Vir- 
and fent fome Creatures to vex Ifis, fo that fhe | tue, and a good life; for if thedeceafed had not 


became mad, and ran up and down the World, I lived well, he was by perfons appointed to enquire 


fwimming over 



Seas into Ionia, unto which 


file left her Name, as alfo to the Sea that bounds I and 


every mans a&ions, caft into places of lhame 
punifhment; the virtuous were interred 


that Countrey. At laft fhe returned back toEgypt, I beautiful Fields, flourifhing with ail manner .of 
where fhe married Ofiris. Her Son by Jupiter I Flowers. This place was near the City Memph 


vruvj.i' J XIV 4J.1CU. jlxvvj. ^ ^ w l ' I—VV03 liwai LUW VilLy JVXZr/i^TJ W j 

Eefides thefe was Epaphus. After her death fhe was adored I encompaffed feveral times with the River Nilas-, 


snoft noted 
Gods of Egypt 



the Egyptians', her hair was preferved as I and an old fellow did convey the dead bodies 

UUU 3 Ul SL£JUU} - GJ f ' * 1 • . j* 1 , . 

they vvor (hipped thercall the Herbsof their Gardens, which the Romans fpy tills means this Prince^dld awe his people 
were afhamed 


a S a 


P^dience, and a fubmiffion to his Laws 

G 4 


And 


from 



* Some think 
this Anubis to 
be Mer curbs, 

as we fhall fee 

afterwards. 


Herodot » 


'1 




88 


me vmg Of 


Book I 


i 


from hence 


that the Poets have borrowed 


their pleafant Descriptions of Hell, as the reft 
of their fopefftiuous Fables, asfeyeral Writeft 

inform us. • 


Of 


alfo 


Mod Apia, in whole Temple 


Bhll was religioufly kept; 

Upon the Statue of Ofiris was placed a Bufhel 


this hath given ‘occafion 


fbrne 


fancy Ofi i 


to be Jofiph, who faved Egypt from the great 
Famine. - 1 

- It is probable 1 the Bufhel was placed upon 0fir is 

his head, in honour of him. 

All the other Gods of the Grecians , Illy- 


riitns-, Gauls 


G ermans 


and Afii 


e 


were brought to and there 



\ * ‘ 


CHAP. XV. 


pf the G ods mentioned in Holy Writ-* nnd of thofi 
that were adored in Syria, Phoenicia, and the ad; 
joyning Countries. 


I Think it not amifs, in this review of all the 
Heathen Gods, to add a Chapter or- two con¬ 
cerning thofe, who have been adored by the In¬ 
habitants of the Eaftern Countries, and by our 
Forefathers in this Ifland. 


The Sacred 


Records mention many Idols 


unto whom the Jfraelites did fhamefully pro 
ftrate themfelves ; their Names are Moloch 

BaaL Aihto/ntU. Tiaoon^ *Baalz.ebub+ Sue cot h 


their Names 


Baal, 
Be noth 


1 Ajhteroth 


i 7 


- / 


o 


Dagon- 

JVtfr och 


s * i 


' \ . / . 


'Baal^ebub, Suecoth 
Rimmon. Tharmmtz 

' ' Nek 


j * ♦ 


y> 



Ch. i « tge jpeatptt cods 

V 

Nebo, Sefachy the Golden Calves 


83 


the Teraphm 


ftentphan, &c 

The Go 
made in the 


Golden 


Calf 


which the Jjraelite 


s 


Wildernefs, was a God of Egypt> 
Lattantiw informs us, that the 


mb fap 

cap. io 


called Apis. Lactantm informs us; that the m. cap. io. 
Head was the Image of a Bull, therefore they Etcomsin^ 

did, worihip him in the fame manner as the ^Teuu'^ 

Egyptians did their Apis, for they did might*- 0 »id. 
jy rejoyce arid feaft themfelves when he was Exod. $2 . 6. 
made, and danced round about the Idol. But Vubts Barbara 


cannot conceive how the Ifraelitet could be 


of fuch weak memories ; as to forget the 
greatnefs of Gods Power, lately manifefted to 
them in their Deliverance from Evypt, and in 


p Unger e do ft a 
Bovem . TibuL 


the publifhing of the Law; 
verfe judgments, as to aferibe 


dr ot fuch per- 
to the works of 


their hands the glorious Ads of the Almigh¬ 
ty, of which they had been Eye-witneffes*, 

for it feems they intended, as our Religious 
Papifts do, to adore God in the outward and 


, * 


vifible 


prefen t 


of 


Bulb or of a Calf 


according to the Cuftome of the Egyptians 


therefore they did 
ihall be a Feftival 
Gods of Egypt , but 


fay 


To morrow there 


Apis , Ofi 


or Ifis, the 


Gods of Egypt , but to the Lord ‘"SfiB in 
fo that they were fo impious as to aferibe the 
Sacred Name of God to this fhameful Image, 
or rather to worfhip God in this vile form. 
The Hebrews tell us, that the Generation of 


fuch as werefo profane at this time, had yel¬ 
low Beards growing on their Faces, in remem- 
brance of that foul fin, which their Forefa¬ 
thers were fo forward to commit in the Wil 
dernefs. 


When 


7 eroboam 


returned out of Egypt 


whither he had been banifhed by Solomon, he 

. caufed 




Hero dot, in 
Thai. 

Ammian . 

Mar all. 

Tlinius, lib. $. 

cap* 9. 

Ofiris alfo na¬ 
med Bacchus• 



caufed the fame kind of Idolatry to be efta- 
blilhed in the Dominions that were under him • 
for he placed two Golden Calves at the two 
Extremities of the Ten Tribes, in Ban and 
Bethel, to prevent the . return of the People tq 
the worlhip of God in Jerufalem, and to their 
Allegiance to their lawful Prince. It may feem 
very ft range, that the Jfraelites, poflefled with 
a real Opinion of Gods Power and Authority 
over them, Ihould be fo ealily drawn to com¬ 
mit fuch an abomination, direCtly contrary to 
the Law of God, unlefs they had been induced 
thereunto by their miftakes of fome Example 
given unto them by Mofes himfelf. We find 
that when Jeroboam intended to draw them 


to Idolatry, he could think of no better expe¬ 
dient, than to prefent unto them Golden 
Calves} for they were more inclinable to the 
adoration of them, than of any other Idol 
becaufe, as fome imagine, they were wont 
to fee thefe Images in the Temple of Jerufa- 
lem , as their Forefathers had been accuftomed 
to behold them worfhipped in Egypt *, for 
by thefe Idols the ignorant Egyptians did a- 
dore Nilas, otherwife called Sir is y and Op* 
ris , becaufe their Life and Riches did pro¬ 
ceed from the excellent virtues of the Water of 


NJlus. 

The Teraphims , mentioned in Judges 17. 5. 
were not, as fome have imagined, the Houfe- 
hold Gods of the Heathens, for in the fame 
place'a Graven Image and a Molten Image 
are named, which were the Houlhold Gods 5 
but I do rather think, that they were fome 
Talifmanical Reprefentations, confecrated by 
Devillilh Ceremonies, to oblige fome Ev& 


Ch. 1?. tW VWTOWi uoas>. y* 

Spirit to anfwer in them the demands of their 
Worfhippers, and give Oracles. Elias Levita 
tells us, that they were made in this manner: 

They kill’d a Man, who was a Firft-born, 
and pull’d off his head with their hands; and 
when they had embalmed it, they did place it 

npon a Plate of Gold, upon which the Name of 

the unclean Spirit which they invocated for an 
Anfwer was.firft handfomely engraven; after¬ 
wards they put it in a place made in a Wall 
purpofely for it *, they did light round about it 
Torches and Lamps, and fell down before it 
to worihip it. The Images that Rachel Hole 
from her Father Laban are called Teraphims 
by fome 5 they were the fame which the 
Greeks named 2 to/x«* only j the former . did 
return Anfwers to the Petitioners, whereas the 
latter were the protecting Gods of a Family, 
worfhipped near the Chimney Corners, ufually 

in the Images of Dogs, who are watchful Crea¬ 
tures 

The Idol Moloch is the fame with Saturn , 
unto whom the cruel Heathens did facrifice their 
Sons and Daughters, caufing them to be burnt Mornaus dt 
alive in a Brazen Image made purpofely for fuch verjtat. ch. 
Abominations. The Ammonites, whole God Rel - ca P- 
this Idol was, did oblige all Parents either to Maimonides 
offer them in this manner to Moloch , or to & r. Mofes 
caufe them to pals between two Fires in honour 
of this God. Sometimes when Men came to modsU ^ 7# 
years of underftanding, they did offer them- 
felves freely to be burnt for this God.Near Je- 

rufalem ftood Moloch in a beautiful Y a ^ e Y> 
belonging to the Children of Hinnom , in the 
midft of a pleafant Grove, where the Jews did 

imitate their profane Neighbours. From the 

Eaftera 



Sil. ltd. lib. 4. 


Eaftern People is derived this inhuman Cuftom$ 


practi fed 


fometimes in Greece , and in 


Mnutim Ft- other parts of the World. 


lix, Laftant. 


?e 9 ana in many 
The Carthaginians 

Sacrifice twohun- 


vvere fo extravagant, as to facrifice two hun¬ 
dred Noblemens Children to Moloch , ^hen 


Agatbocles made War upon them in Africa , 
And becaufe this Word fignifies a Prince, 
or a King, the Heathen Worthies did bor¬ 
row from hence their Names, as Amilcar, I mil- 
con, &c. 


2Kings.17.31. 




The two Gods of Sepharvainiy Adram - 

mlechy and Anamelechy were worfhipped 
in the fame bloody manner 3 therefore many 
have imagined them to be the fame with Mo - 
loch , from whom they have derived their 
Names but I rather think them to be other 


Gods T who fhared in the fame Titles of Ho¬ 
nour, and in the fame manner of Worfhip: 
None of our Interpreters have found the Per- 
fons unto whom thefe Names were given; 
but I do conjecture from the Hebrew Signifi¬ 
cation of the Nam z A dr ammelech, and with 
From hence a fmail alteration “"pD V 1 K t^Ador-nAfelech , 
the Greek ^ a ftrong and glorious King, that thereby the 

Man. Inhabitants of Sepharvaim did either mean fome 

brave and generous Prince that had ^Reigned 
amongft them in much glory, or elfe they did 
intend the Sun by Adrammdech •, for he isas 
a Prince in the Firmament, fending forth his 
Beams of Light into every corner of the World. 
sogere DJtt, a Anasy or Anam^ is a Chaldean word, never 
Cbaldes word. us ’d the Scripture to my knowledge, unlefs 

it be Efther 1. 8. It fignifies to force or to com¬ 
pel, being therefore joyned with Melech , it 

v makes a compelling, or an imperious King. 

By 

f . 


iy. toe wmwn ooas, 93 

By this Title fome Devil may be underftood, 

that did imperioufly tyrannize pver them, they 

did therefore endeavour to appeafe his wrath, 

by facrificing their deareft Enjoyments. That Maffbtt de reb. 

which makes me inclinable to this Opinion is, 

that to this very day, the Inhabitants from ft erCo f m & ra ? • 

whence thefe Sepharvaites did come, worfhip 

the Devil in a vifible fhape, and when they 

negledt their Devotion to him, he pitifully 

aftiidts them. The fame is reported of the Ca- 

ribhians , and of the Indians in Florida , and in 

the adjacent Countries. It may alfo with fome 
kind of probability be imagined from this word 
D 3 N, which fignifies to compel, that thefe Hea¬ 
thens did Sacrifice to the Imperious and unre- . 
fiftible Emp.erour of the World Death ; for it 

is Laid, that his Priefts were cloathed in black, and stlden.de vk 
therefore named DHQD in Holy Writ. Now SyrU-Synt^ i. 
it is certain, that this colour was an abomination 
to all the Superiour Gods, and only us’d in the 
Sacrifices of the Inferiour, as we may underftand 
by thefe following Verfes of Apollonius , lib, z.. Ar¬ 
gonaut. c, 860. 

i Enjd.x.t b B etna Mefl&Qov tLyx.cCkkoy.av. 

B ftpa vvFJi'7rokov 'xjjovlw engo/eiy cLvclcscu 
A vyeuy Ivi voxrr 1 £hju v§<pwoi$ Q&$U«rt* 

9 

♦ 

% 

So it is likely that thefe Heathens did offer un¬ 
to Pluto or Death their Children, that he might 
fpare their lives. 

9 

% 

Baal was another Deity of Phoenicia. The 
Name fignifies a Lord, and therefore it is due 

to 


# 


/ 



94 


Cfie tymw of 


Book I 


Claud* l. i» dt 
laud. Stilt c. 


to the Sovereign Lord of the World, Hofe 


6 


But feveral Nations of the Eaft have 


profanely applyed it to Men in their 


and 


Sddtn* dt Vis 

Siris ♦ 


O S 


* M 


after their death have granted it to their breath- 

lefs Statues, which they adored inftead of the 

true God. And as this word hath no particular 
refped to any of their Deities, it was afcri- 
bed to moll: of them. Mars the God of War, 


refped 


any of their Deities 


was 


bed 


moll: of them 


Siov 


crcJ/zoi' akiov* re d by this Name 


Sophocl 

Otdip . 


rather Belus 7 the Father of Ninrn , was ado- 

1 by this Name in Affyria : Jupiter Thalaffm 


worlhipped in Sidon 


was called BaaL ‘Belus 


Utfychius , 

0 

&i& MS0 

fjJjJJ&Xffl 

Eufeb. 


or Beelfamen , the God or Lord of Heaven. The 

Sun was alfo worlhipped in Syria, and called 

dibelus , or Alagabalns , the Circular Lord 
the Learned Selden obferves. Herodian informs 
, that the Sun was worlhipped in Syria, and 


Aghbelu 


or Alagabalm 


us, that the Sun was worlhipped in Syria , and 
that his Reprefentation was a great and round 
Stone. Moloch was alfo named Baal : in his Sa¬ 


crifices the Priefts offered their Privy Members, 
in remembrance of the affront that Jupiter his Son 


His Priefts did - , 

cut themfelves \ n remembra: 
In honour of did unto him 
him. When the 


When the Scripture only names 'Baal, without 
any other addition, we mull underftand the God 
who was efteemed by the Pagans the Chief Ju¬ 
piter. So that this Name imports in profane 
Language's much as Jehovah , or Adonai , doth in 
facred. 

The Name of "Baal became fo univerfal, 
that all great Commanders and famous Princes 




did add it to their own Names 


Hannibal 


, Afdntbal , Maherbal , &c. But in Scripture we, 
meet with many Gods, who bear this Title 
with another, as a Token of the Peoples refpedt 

» PS2&JJJ unt0 ^em. Baaltzjephon was a City in Egypt , 

through its Territories the Jfraelites paired, 

when they marched towards the Red Sea, It 


Ch. i y. 


m ipeatoen Gods 


95 




is probable, that it borrowed its denomina¬ 
tion from the Idol Baal worlhipped there. It 
feems he was one of the molt ancient Gods of 
the Ealt Countries, for he was adored far and 

near. 

BaaUPeor , or BeeUPhegor , as the Seven!V 


3 




write it 


lignifi.es a fhameful Divinity fet up 


amongft the Moabite 


J 


y 


beyond Jordan 


UPOI 


Mount Peor. 


Some think 


Tonans , others Saturn , or the Sun 


him to be Jupiter 


but the 


molt probable Opinion is, that he was Tria- nitron. ad o 


j)UJ y uiu auuiuiuuo aiiu lai^iviuuj vjuu ^ ivi j*u/f+ buy* y« 

the Ifraehtes did worfhip him in the fame man- ifider. Orig. 


the adulterous and lafcivious God 


for ft am cap . p. 


ner as the Grecians worlhipped Briapus 
committing fornication in his Temple. 


by 


lib. 8. cap. ii, 


’ ■> Numb. 2$.: 

NOW , King, l. 


this impudent God was chiefly worlhippM byn s i2. 
Women, and therefore he was named the God 2Chro.15.16i 
of Women- Jerem. Chap. 48, 7. 13. calls th e This Priapus 

fame God of Chemofh , or as the Seventy 

render it in Greek x*ju<£V, the Chief God of abominable 


render it in Greek x*ju<£V, the Chief God of abominable 
Moab ^ which word I conceive may be derived Idol, 
from the Hebrew DDD Chamas to hide, either 1 K * D g s 
becaufe he was adored in fome obfcure corner 
of the Temple, as it was ufual with fome Di¬ 
vinities, or becaufe his abominable Worfhip 
did deferve to be concealed in oblcurity, It 

is likely that only the Holy Prophet brands 

him with this Title of Difgrace, and that it 

was not his ufual Name amongft his Profe- 
lytes. 

Baal-Gad , was the God from whofeProvi- 
dence and Will all Worldly Felicity was account- 




ed to proceed. 


The Grecians and Romans made 


this Deity a Goddefs, and called her Tt^jf, 

and Bona, or c Primgenia Fortuna. The firft 

that caufed this God Gad to be worlhipped, 

were 


4 





f N. 


Gen. 50 

Aben-ev'i 




Ifaiah 6 5 


were the Aftrologers •, for when they perceived* 
how much the Heavens did contribute to the 
fubfiftence and welfare of Man, and how his 
Life was commonly either Happy or Miferable 


according 


_ * 

the hopeful Influences of the Stars* 


that did govern 


at iris Birth ', they were apt to 
; Stars had a greater power 
ar affairs, and humours, than 
therefore they did poffefs the 


imagine, that the Stars had 


upon us 


and 


really they have 


ignorant people with this fancy, which brought 
in the Adoration of the Stars.The Star Jufa 
ter was thus called, therefore Jacob fuffered one 


of his Sons to bear this name •, 
fore and afterwards a cuftome 


People of God 
the ns, to great 


T 

s 

was be* 
gft the 


well as amongfl: the Hea 


the New-married 


pie with 


this 


kind 


of Salutation 


3*18 Ma 




Tobj a good Star fubanditur, 1 wilh unto you 
This was the common Title of the Planet Juft 

ter; and the Bridegroom before the Marriage 


did deliver to his futu 
this fame Infcription, 


Spoufe 


Ring 




widling thereby 


tha 




her Children might be bom under the power 
ful, and happy Star of the Heavens, Jnpi 
ter. It was unto this Planet, that the C 

naanites did offer Sacrifice, and at the end 0 


It was unto this Planet 


naanites did offer Sacrifice 


and 




the year drefs a Table of all forts of the Fruit 
of the Earth, to acknowledge the benefits re 
ceived from his Influence * therefore Ifaiah re 


proves the Ifraelites, for imitating this Heathen 
Superftition. 



> 2131 hm Ba.'ilz.ebiib, the Lord of Flies, was the Go 

’orBsA^iS^. of Ekron, a City ofthe Phihftines. Somehav 


imagined this Name to be impofed upon hi 
by the JjrAelites, becaufe in the Sacrifices th 


we 




J 


i 


Ch 


5 


im vjuus 




offered Unto him 


his Priefts were tor¬ 


mented with fwarms of Flies. Now in the Sa-i 2 Kings u 
orifices of the true God* there was not a Fly, 

tobefeen, as feveral Learned Rabbles, and after Dm ^ 9Q a 


them Scaliger, have taken nqtice 


Tliny {peaks 


of them-, when he 


that the Cy 


hoc difi 
n pofuii 
facrifie 4 


People upon the Coaft; of Afi 


defeended 


from the 


Phoenicians, did worlhip the God A“ J C uUuu 


Dcemor.um, & 

n $ 1 •. « * • 


ehoren 


to be delivered from the troublefome 


Flies who tormented them 


as the Egyptians pu n . Hb 


adored their Ibis to be freed from Serpents. Hift. Natuu 

I think that the Images of thefe Creatures* and ca b 

of this God, were Talifmans , formed by fome p//^ faith, 

Men learned in the Secrets of Nature, to free that after the 
the People from the annoyances of the Ser- Sacrifices all 

pents and Flies; and therefore in requital, the 

ignorant People, who did aferibe the Effeds to depart* This 

an immediate Power of a God, did adore them, agreeswiththe 


Or 


immediate Power of a God, 
it may be, that the Devil 


who wants 


of the 


jpower in the Empire of the Air, that is attrr 
buted to him, was willing to entertain thefe Ido 


jewilh Rab 

bies. 


laters 

offices 


his fervice 


by 


and other good 


But wherefore the Prince of the De 


vils fhould be called Beelzebub 


cannot ima 


gin, unlefs 


be, becaufe the Flies, and feveral 


forts of Infeds, proceed from his, and the Suns 

immediate Agency, for the difturbance of Man* 
kind. 


Baai-Berith , the Lord of the Covenant * .• r“lH 3 

mother God of the Phoenicians : So Jh- Signifies^ Cc* 
was named at Rome , Sponfor , or Fidius $ q i c * * 


# * • 

the Lord of the 


nh 3 


fiter 


another God of the Phoenicians 


and amongft the Greeks there was 




Jupiter Foe derat or 


an Ape of Almighty God 


It may be that the Devil 


Ou&tvilf of- 

Or fa 


caufed himfelf 


to be worfiripped under his Name, in remem- 

H brajice 


9 ° 


I 


i 


?fi{, 25. IOt 




I 





brance of the Great Covenant, that God made* 
after the Deluge with all his living Creatures, 
applying thereby this expreflion of God’s Love, 
and the Tribute of our Services, which we 
owe unto it, to himfelf. In Holy Writ, God 
is call’d the God of the Covenant; a God kee¬ 
ping Covenant and Mercy , Nehem. 1.5. A 
God ftedfaft in his Covenant, Pfalm 89. 28, 
Whofe Name we are always to call upon in 
all our Covenants, Jfaiah 45. 23. The Devil 
therefore did claim this part of Gods worfhip, 

calling himfelf Baal-Berith. Ill Jeremiah 12, 
'verf. 16. we find a memorable paffage, that 
mentions this God ; for it is faid there, that 
the People had been taught to fwear by Baal, 
I am not ignorant of the Opinion of feveral of 
the Learned in Antiquity, who think that thefe 
Names of Baal were all attributed to the Sm\ 
for Porphyrias declares, that his Countrey*inen 
the Phoenicians did worfhip the Sun as the Chief 
God, and did call him Beelfamen . And San* 

choniathon , in Philo Biblias , tells US of ’Eaoiw 

who had for his Wife 
'Bvyvd , or Berith 5 from this Eliom comes 

"Ha/©- , the Greek word for the San : For 

the better underftanding of this confulion that 
appears in the Authors, fpeaking of the Hea¬ 
then Gods, you muft remember, that we have 
noted in our Preface to this Work, that the 
Chief of the Devils did receive the homages of 


all Nations, under feveral Names 


proper to 


the'places and difpofitions of the Inhabitants *, 
and that he might with more eafe induce men 


his Worfhip 


he did fet up and promote 


thole Perfons and Things that were moft in 

credit? appointing at the fame time fuch manner 


i 


* 


99 


Ch 


5 


t be tatfleti Gods 


of Devotion 


was 


moft fuitable to himfelf 


and his enmity to Mankind 


is, that he is 1 

in c Perfia , Ba 
l&s in Gracia 
or Belenta in l 


called Jupiter M Rome 


From hence it 

Rome „ Mi t hr a 


Baal in Phoenicia 


Apis in Egypt 


Thar amis in G ermany 


Thor 


ria 1 Baalpeor or Chemo 
Ekron y Belus in Babyl 
&c. 


England , Mars or He fin in Tart a 
or Chemos in Moab , Badzebub i: 


Bacchus in Arabia 


It was 


adore 


difficult bufinefs tocaufe Men to phe Natura 

Sun, for of all vifible Creatures he lifts inform 


the moft glori 


and the moft ufeful 


That 


us, that as 
foon as 6ur 


grateful humour therefore that is natural to Man, ‘ are n 

_ 1 a. 11 a am U 1 rv Ami rra ^ f 


and that calls upon him to acknowledge that ^ a 
Being, from which he receives favours and blef- they 


morning, 
turn of' 


lings did 
5 nn for 


him to return thanks 


the themfelves to 


the 


ifible cffe&s of his heat and 


%i 


1 9 w 9 

therefore he was the firft Creature ador’d 


by the Eaftern People 


I am inclinable to think 


that this Bad-Berith was intended by the Hea- open 


behold and 

admire the 

Spfc, when 1 
Pee pin the 


thens for the Sun 


or rather the Moon 


for 


Rhodig 


Judges 8 verf 33 - it is faid, that the If 


lites mad 


Baal-Befith their God, that is, their 


Chief God 


and 


■ 

lim. 


If this latter word 


ed Judg 


and 


whoring after Baa- 
i fome of the Learn- 

4 * 

: eafilv nrov’d „ did 


may be ea.fily prov’d 


fignihe the inferiour Stars and Planets, we may 
have fome reafon to conjefture,' that Baal- 


Berith , that accompanies them 


this place 


was one of the moft Eminent Lights ir^ the 


Heavens 


Other Learned Writer's underftand 


the Deified Souls of Men, by this plural nurn 


ber Baalim 

a 

Semones , 

I cannot < 


This Name may be apply ed to the 


or Sefnidii 


by fome People 


but 




fo mean an Opinion of the 

H z Ifrfa 


100 


€&e JJXffowof 


Book L 


i 


Ifraelitcs, as to think, that they did adore the 
Souls of Men* departed out of their fight, with¬ 


out any further refped 


It 


probable 


that they did 


rfhip the Sun and Stars, where* 


of they did daily experience the Goodnefs and 


power 


There is a paffag 


that makes me inclinable 


l 2 Chron. 33. 'V. 3. 

this Opinion, for 


there Manaffeh rears up Altars broken down 


Pi 


Grov 


for Baalim 


To what purpoft 


pray ? His defign is difcovered 


the next 


Ads 7t 41 


words 


That he might 


or (hip and £ 


2 kings 17.16. the Hofl: 


the Stars of Heaven, unto whom 


Dan.8.10. and 
Nehem. 9. 6 . 
There the 
Hoft of Hea¬ 
ven fignifics 

the Scars. 

1 Sam. 7.4. 

' Compare 

2 Chron. 2 r. 


did facrifice upon thofe Altars 


And if you 


compare one place of Scripture with another, 
you may find the fame Gods named Baalim , who 
are elfewhere called the Holt of Heaven. Hero¬ 
dotus and Tlato inform us, that thefe Stars were 


the ancic 

‘Phoenicia 


Gods of Greece alfo, as well as o£ 

» _ 

therefore he derives the word ® e M 

to run. becaufe the Sun, Moon, 


13. and 1 Kin, God, from to run, becaufe the Sun 


18.18. with 
Jer. 8. 2. 


and Stars 


very fwifc'p 


■■ 


w- 

* r 

There are feveral places mentioned in Scrip¬ 
ture, where the Images and Temples of the God 
Baal (hood, as Baal-Hammon , Baal Hasuor , Bad- 


Terazjn, and Baal-Shall fa. 


This laft place is 




mentioned 2 Kings 4. 42. And as in Hebrew it 
fignihes Ter-Baal, it may caufe us to imagin, that 
the place was thus named from the Sacred Tri¬ 
nity there worlhipped which Myftery was not 
unknown to the Heathens, as a Learned Witter 


sml, EH*. hath P r0Ved - 


C im. Natur. it, *Asttpr»>i was the chief Goddefs of the Sido * 

pm. lib- 3. mans , called by feme Luna, by others Vmuu 


Afhtoreth 


jdfiaroth 


the LXX. write 


it 


Ch. iy. tBe Gods: 101 

Thilo Biblius reports of .her, that fhe travel-She is named 
led all over the World, having taken upon her Bialtia, and 

the fhape of a Bull. At her return (lie landed 
at Tyre, and confecrated there a Star, that fhe ya 
had found in her way, fallen from the Sky upon Kmalav 
theEarth. I Judge that this Goddefs was Luna, m- Lucian 
for fhe is named Jerem. 7. 44. BcMn\iosa,™Ov&vx, w , a t!£' 

the Queen of Heaven. They did adore her, aBd adored in 
by committing fornication in her Temple, as in the form of a 
that of Venus, becaufe file hath a vifible Influ- Fifh. Ovid. 

ence in the Generation of Children, and upon 2 * 

the humours and affections of Women *, they 

thought it therefore their duty to dedicate to her 

Service thofe Adi0ns, unto which fhe did ftir 

them up fhe was called * BwaSm* , f/ H^, and ’A^0- * And Bhat/*, 

Venus , and Juno Olympia^ or Minerva Beli- 

fma. 


Herodian mentions this Goddefs, and names HmdUn. in 
her from Ove&vle Vrania , and tells us, that 
the Phoenicians did call her Aftroarche . It is pro- ^ ^ 

bablefrom this paffage, that thereby the Moon Aftronoe Da- 
is to be undcrflood 3 for as the Pagans did marry mafe. The sy- 
"Ha*©- and 5 the Sun and Moon toge- rians did ob- 

ther, fo Helmabalus , that filly Emperour , Td 

who required for himfelf the ufual Worfhip j n habits like 
rendered unto the Sun, is there faid to have women, and , 

efpoufed this Vrania, or the breathlefs Statue the women in 

of this Goddefs; an adion better becoming an ' 

Extravagant of Bedlam, than the Emperour of 



101 




D 00 K l < 


im c^tuuin vjoas.. 


IU 




Mountain of the fame name, fituate between Sy- 1 it feems the AmbafTadors of the King of 


Bochart. Geog. ria and Palejline, or or Adarnas, wftrjut, , 

Sacr. lib . 4. The Inhabitants did fay,that he taught unto theml Uacedon 


ftrfu 


who were flam in; a Banquet 



the 


The Goddcfs 
named A 


for venturing too far beyond i n Amt* 


1 ilC lliHd uiLdiio uiu vau 6 l,u uuuv lux vuaui ^jw**v* nani^iu^irn 

how to manure the Ground, and the ufe of Corn. I Rebounds of modefty, upon the Kings Daugh- nia 5 in her 


Actyav of He was reprefented half a Man and half a Fifh, 


c 


and had in his right hand a Pomgr 


9 


to (hew 


ter, were accullomed to this unnatural trade and pro 
(hameful mode of their Countrey. Now this Z L“fem 


w ho|Goddefs Benoth, from whence comes Ferns or f e i V es before 


caphtorims, a t bat he was the Protestor of the Capht 

T adocia° 6 c^ bearingthis kind Fruit in l heir Coa *Arms, | was adored in the fame manner in feveral marriage 


Lndcd of Che did poffefs themfelves of tire Country of Ph 


"Scythians 


Tenter on. 2 * 23. 


places of the World ^ for in Africa there This 

was Sicca Feneria , near Carthage, an infamous w ?l ln 


place dedicated to this Goddefs 


1 **//*». //* 
where the VaY .uifl ' 


Cicero tells us, that the Syrians did worfhip a I Women did freely abandon themfelves to Learned Sf/* 
Peorum}^.?. Fifh • andTWcF, how they abftained from ft- 1 their lulls, and to the pleafure of Men for a den, Valerius 


'Cicir. Natur. 


forts of Fill 


> 


their Gods 


n 1 Maximus , .. 

Reward. _ > c . 5, it is re- 

markable, that Venus is named by the Pagans aW’^pov©-, and JporiA 


See Bochart, 

in Chun. 


- g 1 ■ iiminwuivj ti iuv r ^ -- q " \^/ T w ^ r 

Befides the former Afiarte , the Phoenicians dial ^0^/7-#, the Deftroyer of Men, and the Impious Venus-, for there 
adore another Fentu , called 331 , which fome take! greater enemy to health, than excefs in Venereal Delights. 

to be a bright Star of the Firmament, named byl tergal “UH was 


Fire 


which 


11 s Fenus. 


INZYgai i* M Wdb d. LUlJtlUUdi XilC j vvmui 

the Perfian Ma<?i did preferveupon an Altar in wasthe 


2 Kings 17. Succoth Benoth, was the Idol of the Babyh 
•\TT 133 rV 3 D mans ; the word fignifies the Tabernacle 


honour of the Sun 
ment. 


> 


nd the Lights of the Firma- XVireAd 

burn. 


._ v . Their Cuftome was to keep this Fire conti- 

DaughterS) becaufe the Temple of this lafciviousl dually burning, as the Romans did their Holy 

Idol was built in fuch a manner, that there werel pire dedicated to Fefla. At what time fbever 


feveral Retreats or Lodgings for Women, who! they did meddle with this Fire, their cuftorn 


-Herodotus. 

Munfter ♦ in Strangers 


were to proftitute their Bodies to the lull 



fing Hymns in honour of the Sun, The Jewijh 


_ o ___ The Law of the Countrey did ob*j inters affirm, that this was the God adored 

Cofmoerapb. ]icr e t ^ €m a jj to difgrace themfelves in this man -1 j n y r c f t fo e Chaldeans , and that Abraham was 


See Lev it. 19 
29 


their lives 


honour of this God 


driven out of his Countrey, becaufe he refufed to 


defs, who is thought to be the fame with Femui to this Idolatry. Now it was the cuftom 


Venus Babylo - 


All Strangers did 


quital of their 


T AJUUJLU- J . prg 

nia ditto, e(l. good entertainment, oiler money 

J G ~ . n 1 • r._ ^ L« 


this Idol 


of the Perfians to dedicate to the Sun a Chariot 

and Horfes, and to adore this glorious Light 

The 


jttfiin confirms this Story, for he relates,how than every morning at his fir ft appearance, 
it was a kind expreffion of civility amongft then M a y nmetans to this day perform fome kind 
Babyloniansytogw their Guefts liberty to lye wiw| of devotion to the Rifing Sun? for they falute 
their Wives. 




4 


it 


Coe fptitojp tst Book i; 

it with much humility, as foon as they cai) fee 
it, and w/ffi themfelves with clean Water. The 
Chaldeans wer: wont to burn themfelves in honor 
of Nirgal, in that holy Fire that was always pre- 
ferved alive. Alexander was an Eye-witnefs of 
this kind of Madnefs, as Curtins affirms. The 
limplc Fellow, who was refolved to feel the fury 
of the Flames, took his farewel of his Friends in 
a publick Banquet, and when he was thus re, 

ducM to afhes, the cunning Prieft did caufe the 
Devil to appear in his likenefs to his Acquaintance 

to tell them wonders of the other World. 

- • 


•Nam* 

Elias Up it. 

Diodor. 

9 . * 

» 



Btrodot. in 

Clio , 


Afima was a God of the Eaftern People, wor* 
ffiipped in the Image of an Ape, as fome affirm, 
or rather as a Goat or Ram. They worfhipp’d 

the Sign of Aries, therefore the Egyptians did ab? 

hor the other Nations,who killed thofe Creatures 

which they adored, 

Nifrcch is thought to be either the Ark of 
Noah , and a Pi&ure of it, which was worfhip* 
ped by the Eaftern People, as fee by Eufeb. de 
prop or. Evangel . Or the Image of an Eagle, 
as others fancy, becaufe is an Eagle in the 

Hebrew, but I rather think that this is a com¬ 
pounded word derived from to exalt, and 
Dm to enlarge, to exprefs the high and fpacious 

Heavens, that were worffiipped by the Terfians, 
as Herodotus affirms. 

Nibchaz. ?r 03 comes from DD 3 to bark^ as a 
Learned Writer .imagins; therefore he thinks 
that this God was the fame with Annbis of the 
Egyptians, and that he was worffiipped in the 

Image of a Dog. 










Eimmon was the Chief God of Damafttis , 2 Kmgj $» 


the word fignifies a Pomegranate; from the Scri¬ 
pture we may underftand that he was one of the 
principal Gods of thofe parts. Several Writers 
inform us, that Jupiter Coffins, mentioned before, 


? pan 


was adored upon the Confines of the Mount s gg ll ’g; 
Caffws ; now Damafcus , where this God had a * * 
faffious Temple, was near unto this Mountain. 

1 therefore think that this is the place,and the God 


mentioned by Herodotus, rather than Dagon 
is certain, that Jupiter Coffins , whether he was 
Simmon or Dagon, did hold out in his right hand 
a Pomegranate, to ffiew how he was a Prote&or _ 

of that * People, who did bear a Pomegranate * The 

in their Coat of Arms. rmSt 


It Etrodotuii 


rims. 


Thamnmz, is Adonis of the Greeks 


i m 

the word 


:t*an 


is derived from Adonai, Lord. 
the great Favourite of Venus. 


He is faid to be Ez,ek * 
The Pagans, in 


the Month of June , did lament for his death, for 


they fay 


that he was killed by a wild Boar, 


Utvy ia y y tuui, **— *- j 'A If 

therefore this Creature was odious to Venus 

She was mightily concerned for him; efpecial- To 9 of ^ a 

ly, when Mors went with a defign to kill hateful thing 
him, for (he made fuch haft over fome Reeds as a gift. 

that Rood in her way, that ffie wounded her feet, 

and let out fome drops of blood, that fell upon from 

the white Rofes, and changed their Lilly-co- D£H to dye. 


lour into a Carnation. 


The Heathens did ffied or, as others 


tears in imitation of this Goddefs, who grieved from an ’ 
for the Death of Adonis , and therefore ffie won j 
required T* roferpina to fend him back again, which fignifies 
This infernal Goddefs being alfo in love with to difappear. 

him, could not yield altogether to the requeft, ^omen^i? 

carry a dead body to the ground, and wept to perpetuate the Funeral 

J* It • 


of Adonis. 


to 


4 


\ 










Ifalah 45. 
Jcfem. 48. 


Moft of the 
Syrian Gods 
were named 


OOk' I; 

but only granted that he might once a year vilit 
her upon the Earth, and return as often to her 

again into Hell. 

Some relate the Story of Thammuzo in another 


manner. They fay, that he was a Prieft wrong¬ 
fully put to death by the King of Babylon , 
therefore the King being tormented with re- 
morfe of Conscience, laboured to make fatis- 
fadion unto him for the injury. He caufed 
many fabulous Stories to be related of him, that 
the people might be perfwaded, that he was ad¬ 
mitted among the Gods, and belides comman¬ 
ded, that every year there fhould be an univerfal 
mourning for him. I think, / that this, and fuch 
like Fables, proceed from Aftrologers , who 
did intend to fignifie by the Death of Thammux. 
fome pleafant Star, difappearing to our Horizon 

half the year, and returning to us again at a fet 
time. 

JSIebo was a God of the Chaldeans , in whofe 
T emple the Oracles were delivered, as his Name 
intimates, for it is deriv’d of to Prophefie. 
That Climate was full of Prophets, and Men 


who ftudied the Secrets of Nature 


and that 


People was mightily addided to the Sciences,that 
enable Men to conjedure of the Events of the 
time to come, and extremely fuperftitious in ob- 


wcrcuatucu p n - - 

Vatuci, that l ervi f n S sll^extraordinary Accidents, as appears 


is, Tutelar 
Gods. 


in the Hiftory of Daniel. I therefore ima- 

that this Nebo was as much in requeft 


gin 


amongft the Chaldeans 


G reece. 


as Apollo- 1 fmenius was in 


Afero , Or Aferodach 


was another God of 


Babylon 


whofe Name the Princes did af- 


fume, Afelechet ,mentioned Jerom. 7, 18, is either 


t 


the 


the Sun, or an Idol adored for five Moon 5 

was the cuftom of Women to offer Cakes to the . 

Moon, as they did to this Idol. 

< Sofach) other wife called Saceas y was an Idoloi Jer. 25.20* 
the Babylonians , who was adored almoft in the 
fame manner as Saturn in Rome , *, for his 
gave liberty to all kind of Debauchery, and did 
free the Servants from the command of their Ma¬ 
tters during the Solemnity: Some think this Idol 

to be Juno. 

Cinn is nam’d in the Ads of the Apoftles Rem - 
than: Some imdgin him to be Saturn, but I think Acts 6 . 43. 

that we mult underftand one of the bright Stars 
of the Firmament worfhipped by the Ifraelites , 

^ I fhall not fpeak of the who paid their 

Devotions to the Herbs, and the creeping things 
of the Earth, as to fo many Gods. I fhall not 

mention the remote andftrange Gods of Affyrja % 

Terfia , Cappadocia , and of the Neighbouring 
Countries. This fmall account of the Eaftern 
Gods, will Mice for the undemanding of feveral 
paflages of Scripture; we fhalltherefore proceed 
to examin the Names of our Saxon Gods. 



CHAP. XVI. 


Of the HEATHEN GODS mrfhipped 


in ENGLAND. 


I Dolatry crept in amongft Men, before this 
Mand was peopled with Inhabitants. There¬ 
fore when any do mention this place, they fpeak 

at 







See' Vi rfttgdtt' 


Bosbart. in 

Gcoz» Sacr. 


cge wmv of Book i; 

* 

at the fame time of their Gods; many wherfcof 
with the People , were come from the Eaftern 

Nations. 


The Sun was the univerfal God, adored 


parts of the World 


In this IHand of Albion 


he ftood upon an high Pillar 


half a Man, with 


a Face full of Rays of Light,and a flaming Wheel 

in his Breaft: For his fake, one of the dayes of 


For his fake 


Week is named Sunday , becaufe he was wor 


fhipped on t 
were paid in 
thra of Perfi 


that day 


The Peoples Devotions 


the fame manner tQhim,. as to Mv 
7 and to the divinities of the Eaft 


were reverenced for the Sun 


The Moon was another ancient Idol of old 

England y it was reprefented as a beautiful Maid, 

having her head covered, and two Ears Handing 
out. 


Tuifcoy a Grand-child of Noah , was adored 
after his deceafe by all his Pofterity in Germany . 
The Inhabitants of that Countrey are yet called 
Tuitjh , or Duytjhmen , from this their Grand¬ 
father, anda Day of our Week is named Tuefday , 

becaufe it was appointed for the adoration of this 
Northern Idol. 

Woden was a warlike Prince of the Saxons , 
happy in all encounters of War:, After his death 
they worfhipped him for the God of War:, there¬ 
fore he was reprefented as a Mighty Man in per¬ 
fect Armor, holding in one hand his Sword lifted 
up, and his Buckler in the other. From him our 
Wednefday borrows the name. 

Theramis , or Thor, , was a famous Idol of the 
Northern People, adored for Jupiter *, for he 
was placed upon a high Throne, with a Crown 
of Gold on his head, encompalfed about with 
many Stars, and feven Stars reprefenting the 




Ch. 16. toe ipmijen uoas. 

4 

feven Placets in his left hand, and a Scepter 
in the right. By this we may underftand who 

he was, that was thus named y for this de¬ 
fection agrees very well with the chief of the 
Gods, who was ftyled Jupiter Olympias , and 

To nans. 

Friga was the Goddefs unto whom the Hea¬ 
thens did make their addrelfes, to obtain plenty 
of earthly blelfings and profperity in their afe 
fairs:, therefore file may be taken for the Goddefs 
of Juftice: For there is nothing that caufesa 
Land to profper more, than Juftice and Equity. 
For that reafon an Author tells us, that fhe did ' 
ufually Hand on the right hand of the great God 
Theramisy and Woden the God of War on the left. 
She was pictured with a Sword in one hand, and 
a Bow in the other,and hath left her Name to our 

Friday. 

Seater was an ill-favour’d Idol, painted like an 
old envious Knave, with a thin face, a long Beard, 
a Wheel, and a Basket of Flowers in his hand,and 
girded about with a long Girdle y from him our 

Saturday hath borrowed its name. 

Ermenfewel was a favourable Idol to the Poor, 
reprefented as a Great Man amongft. heaps of 
Flowers, upon'his head he fupported a Cock, in 
his Breaft a Bear, and in his right hand he held a . 
difplayed Banner. 

Flint was another Idol of our Forefathers, fo 
named, becaufe he ufually ftood amongft or upon 
Flints. ~ ' 

Fridegafiy Sive y PronOy Helmfteedy were alfo the 

Idols Of old Britain, and of the Germans. The 
Romans did call them by Names proper to their 

own Idols *, but it is the Opinion of many, that 

there was a great difference between the Gods 

;. ~~. of 



C&e of Book f 

of Rome, and of the Inhabitants of this Ifland : 
But they were as bloody here as in other Nations; 
for it was a common pra&ice for a Father to cut 
the throat of his Son, upon the Altars of our Eng- 

lift Gods, as a Poet inform us: 

Et qaibns immitis pidc at iir [anguine diro 
Theutatcs, horrenfq^feris Altaribus Hefus. 


By Theutates the Romans did underftand Mer¬ 
cury , and by Hcfm, Mars. I imagin that they 

may have fome reafon for their Opinions,becaufe 

the Theutates of the Gauls , and of the Germans \ 
was in the fame, place, efteem,and order, as Mer¬ 
cury was in the Roman Territories : And fo the 
Hefus of our Britains , was that warlike and bloo¬ 
dy Devil, who did delight fo much in the efFufi- 
on of blood, and who had particular infpedion 
over theplaces which were thus adored. 

Amongft the Gauls , befides thefe Gods, there 
were many others: Thefe are the Chief :, Om- 
cana , whom Bochartm thinks to be Onga 'oi 
Onca of the Phoenicians, adored for Minerva : 

Cafar repfefents the Pi&ure of their Hercules, 

who had many Chains proceeding out of his 
Mouth, and fattened at the Ears of a multitude 
of little People at his Feet ^ they did name him 

Ozmian. 

O.- * 

An dr aft e wasalfo a Goddefs of our firft Bri¬ 
tain s ; for Dion, in his Hiftory of Nero, relates 
how the Queen Boadicea did adore and pray to 
this Goddefs. ' : 


In time the Idols did increafe, and we 

End in ancient Writers, fome who have been 

► 

tranfported hither by the Eaftern People, 

. the 



* 


/ 


» 









* 


V . 


* t 


i » ! 



. 4 *. A». 




• A 





4 » 


iKf'Y 


, * 



P • > 


> t 


i 4 


THE 


' r 


. i** 


* • » 


’ » » 


• \ J 


■ * i 


* ’ . 

j ^ / . 


4 I 


. / 


. ; u*. 


. 1 • i * 

Of the Ancient 


I 


* • 


? • 

i.i 


DEMY 


0 \ 


* 


. 1:. 


/ '* 

\ ft 


/ 

' < r 


\ » 


* l 



. / < 


BOOK. IK 


✓ 1 


• ; * ■ > 


r • 



• 4 » 
% 


. . i 


, CH A P. I* 

. ' .. ..'it-- 

> 

The Story of PERSEUS 


* « 


1 • 


♦ 


P Erfeus was t;be Son of Jupiter and Dam, 

Daughter of Acrifins, King of Argos, 

Acrlfms having been . informed by the 

Oracles, that the Child that ihould be 
barn of his Daughter was to take away his Life, A tains . 

he (hut her up in a Tower of Brafs, that (he ^ 

.might never have the acquaintance of any Man, 

nor a Child to trouble him with fuch anappre* ps£ 


r 


« . * 


heafipn 


But he could not hinder Jupiter from 

I z ~ vifitipg 





ti 


ipmojp ot tge 


cook II 


vifiting her, 


when he began to be amorous, 
fpr by.th,e top of the Tower, in a golden fhowef 
this letcherous God found an entrance to JDatutei 
of whom Per feus was born, as we have feen 
in the Story of Jupiter : Which when Acrifiut 

underltood, he commanded the Mother and the 
Child to be Ihut up in a Chelt, and to be thus 


Set Ovid. Mt- Child to be Ihut 


lib, 4 


Non. Dionjf 


* 


* 


cured, bur the 

1* ' • *?C 


; up in a cmeit, ana to be thus 

Tup Kings command was exe* 

lelgiwas afterwards taken up by 


the 


feme FilheTftien^'tKat found it floating upon the 
waves, and both the Mother and the Child alive \ 
by this means the Prophecy of the Oracle pro¬ 
ved true, for at a certain time, when Acrifim 


/ 


ved true, for at a certain time, when Acrifins 

was prefent to fee apaftime, or a delightful Com¬ 
bat, Per feus gave him accidentally a blow that 
killed him. 

When, this Ter feus came to be of age, he was 
mightily honoured, and favoured of ail the Gods. 
Minerva bellowed upon him her Looking-glafs 
for a Buckler: Mercury gave him the Wings 
from his feet and his Ihoulders, with his Cymeter, 
By which he performed notable Exploits , for 
fome fay, that he fubdued all that Countrey, that 
is named Per fa from him. He delivered the 
wretched Andromeda from the cruelty of the 


Nereids 




who had bound her to 


Rock to be 


there devoured of the Sea-monllers, becaufe they 
had been incenfed againft her Mother, for 
defpifing their beauty. 

In his time there were three Sillers, the Daugh¬ 


ter s of Phorcys a Sea-God 


1 


ailed Gorg 


The y 


were all milhapen and cruel, having but one fcye 
in common to them all; neverthelefs, the Poetis 
fay, that the third named Medufa , had been a 
rare beauty, fo that when Neptune faw her in 

Miner- 




Ch. i. peatfiflt Demi-Go 

' - .« / 

Minerva* s Temple, he was mightily takenJwitk 
her, and obliged her to; yield to his lull,at the 
fame time. This Adtion did difpkafe: MiwV 4 
lb much, that (he changed Medufa* s lockspfjtajr 
into fearful Serpents, whereof the looks alone 
caufed every one to be turned into Stones,, Per* 
feus refolved to cut off her head, that he might 

deliver the Countrey from this grievous Monlter. 

Out of the drops of her blood was begot, as 
they fay, the Horfe Peg afm with his great Wings, 

who with a llroke ofhis Heels onenedfh&Fotin- 


who with a llroke of his Heels opened the Foun¬ 
tain Hypocrene , fo. highly elteemed by the Poets. 

This Horfe afterwards became more; famous, 

when he gave his aflillance to Bell&opbon in his AriHotba 
encounter with the Cbimara : After wards,, being p F 

frighted by Jupiter, he call his Rider upon the 

ground, and took his flight to Heaven, where he 


But 


prefent among the Stars 
it to return to Medufa , 


* # * 

we mud take nor 


tice that although her head was cut off*.it re¬ 
tained the fame virtue and qualities as before; for 
it, changed every one, unto whom it was prefeu- 
ted, into Stone ^ as ic did pooryfrte, of whom 
Perfeta did thus revenge himfelf, becaufe he ,v. 

--IJ J i * . . .... _ - v "'* 


would 


afford him a lodging with him 


But nyf 


Perfetu was not only notable by his valour and VCf f* 8x 
warlike feats, but alfo by his favouring of good 
Learning, which he caufed to flouriih in his 
time, as the manner of great Perfonsis, for that 
purpofe he built a Colledge upon the Mount He- 




for to inltrudl Youth 


therefore the Poets 


and AiTrologers have advanced his Name amongft 
the Stars ; fo that behind him he hath left the 
elteem of a great Warriour, and of an excellent 
Favourer of Learning. His Furniture and Wea- 

I 3 'pons 


✓ 


C&e 5>f<fdjp 


ft 



m . 

1 * 

'S. 


Book 11 


pons 


Sacred Hieroglyphicks of rare qualities 


uired to under 


that were in him, filch as are required to under¬ 
take and compafs with fuccefs glorious Defigns, 

The Looking-Glafs of Minervdy that was his 


Buckle 


1 


is an Emblem of Prudence 


The 


Cymeter and Wings of Mercury ^ that were given 

unto him, do intimate, that ftrength and valour 
itiuft be feconded with fpeed and celerity in the 
execution of great matters. And that which is 
faid of the Head of Medufa, teacheth, that the 


only prefence of 


fuch excellent qualities 


great man, furnifhed with 


able to ftrike 


into the minds of hisOppofi 




nd ftop 


them in fuch a manner, as if they were but ftatues 


and {tones 


Additional Note. 


Cornell us 


the famous Men 


AgriPf 

len or i 


dultery and Inceft 


pa takes notice, that moil: o 
Antiquity were begotten by A 


Alexander , Scip 


Conft 


the Great, &c. Amongft the 


C&f 
e He 


) 


thens, when their Fathers were not well known, 
and that they were acknowledged by Mothers of a 
Noble Race, when their a&ions and life were wor¬ 
thy of efteem, they did then labour to cloak the 
fhame of their Birth, declaring, that they pro¬ 


ceeded from no mortal Race,but were begotten by 
a God .The People engaged by their good Offices 
and virtuous Adionsto believe them,did embrace 

and maintain fuch Tales with much heat andani- 
inofity. Per feus was of the number of thefe men, 

that did caft the reproach of their birth upon the 

Chief of the Gods; for his Mother being deprived 
of all hopes of having any lawful iffue,by the cru¬ 
elty of her jealous Father, who confined hpr toa 
dole Prifon,fhe was not unwilling to accept of the 

•' r folllCl- 


follicitations of her Uncle Pretm *, fo that of this 
inceftuous Copulation was bom Per fens. He was 
with his Mother call: into the Sea,but Providence 
convey’d him alive through the Waves of the Sea 


to the Ifland Seriph 


mand as King 


where Polydeftesdld com 


It happened that whilfthis 


Brother Dittys was fifhing upon the Sea, he hap¬ 
pily met with thefe unfortuna& Creatures (hut Up^ 
m the Cheft, floating alive upon the water *, and 
conveyed them into the Ifland, and there brought 

! U p Per fens at his Brothers Court. 

When Per fens came to Age,he was taken notice 
of for his valour and ftrength*, andbecaufehewas 
defirous to ingratiate himfelf with the People, he 
undertook to deftroy themonftrous Women that 


. * i 


were in Af: 


I 


call ed G or go, 




fome think them 


to be 'Bafiliskh that kill with their eye-fight 


Hq 


cut off the Head of Mednfa, and from the drops 
of corrupt blood, that fell on the ground*did pro¬ 
ceed that multitude of Serpents and venomous 
Beafts, that trouble Africa more than any other 




part of the World 


But Per feus could not have 


overcome them had he not been furnifhed with the orci GAUo 

forementioned Armour of the Gods, and the Hel¬ 


met of TlutOy by which he became invifible 


Hq 


did many brave a<ftions,infomuch that he obtained 
not only for himfelf a place amongft the Stars,but 
alfofor hisTather and Mother-in-laW, Cephens and 
Caffiopeia, and for his Wife Andromeda. The 

Poets take notice,that when he went to cut offA#? 




'ep 
da 


tktfd*s Head, whilft (he was afleep,* he turned from 
her his eyes, and look’d in his Buckler, which was 
a Looking-glafs, how to direct his Sword. 


4 


CHAP. 


t 


.,-X2r© 


7 

r • ^ 

> > J 






w m 




» . . * * 


Book II, 


*- .• J 




• * 


j t i % r 


S * ' 


' f • I . I 


' ; 


• ^ 

*«,.- ■ j ^\ ■ .< 

ij./ • .' ■ f ; 

r * 

- f,' 


? ^ 


CHAP. II. 


* I 


1 » 


<r- ! 


4 * 


O/HeRC ules 


•■ * 




'AkHfjiluuM it) 

Gfifa Yi f ’H- 

f&KXtiet )t&- 

nej^pjvA 


ulvctjo TralJk- famous Men 

Homer, il. ii. tt- Mnf i 


H Erodes hathlbeen the molt Illuftrious, and 

the moil Glorious of all the Heroes of Afl* 
tiquity,unto whom.are afcribed, according to the 
judgment of many perfons, the deeds of feveral 


quity, 

idamei 


v. 523. 

Vlaut. in Am - 
phytr. 

There have 
been many of 
this name, the 


His Mother was Alcmena, who efpoufed Am- 

phytrion , a Theban Prince, upon condition that 
he would revenge the maflacre of her Brother. 
Whijft he was in the War for that purpofe, amo„ 
rous Jupiter gave a viflt to Akmm in the fhape 


WJlti HMIUL, Ult C A 1 Jt f *1 * 1 r • 

ancienteft was 0 * Ampbytnon\ and that he might enjoy thefatis- 
the Son o f J»« fa&ion of her company longer without difeovery, 
pittr. The fe- -he made that Night to continue longer than any 

o ?A~bm cal . ° ther ’ Ale me no, was then big with Ipbiclus fhe 

led Hercules 


third. 


other, Alcmena was then big with Ipbiclus , fhe 
did neverthelefs conceive Hercules from Jupiter’s 

acquaintance, and was brought to bed of both 


ptius. The acquaintance, and was brought to bed of both 

1, a Pbry- of them together. Although Amphytrion was not 

the Father of Hercules, he is by the Poets called 


fourth, the fon 


of Jupiter and Ampbytnomade; 


Afteria Latma'h Sifter 


This Jaft was worfhipped ia 'tyre. The fifth, lived 


in India, and was called Bely. The fixth, was the Son of Jupiter and Alc/ne- 

^ 113 were afcribed to this laft. 

Dionyf. Halicar. faith, That Hercules was a Prince of Greece, that did tra¬ 
vel with his Army as far as the Straits of Gibr alter, and that he deflroyed ail 
Tyrants of his Time, 

Hercules was named tyrintbius , from a City where he was born, tyrius j 
¥b*fiks, Barrie us, Ogmion by the Gauls, Chon by the Egyptians and Canopi - 
its, Lindius , Lacertofus,cbarops, Oliver Us, Oeteus, CUviger, G adit anus. See in 

fhe Hymn of Qrph. for his other Sirpames, 


At 




V-4SK 


At that time Sthelenus, King of Mycene ,_was 
m great hopes of obtaining fpeedily a Son, alter- 

wards called EuryBbeus. Jupiter r t0 °k an O at k> 

that he that fhould be born hr ft fhould be 
King, and have an abfolute command over the 
other i which when Juno, the fworn Enemy of 

all her Husbands Concubines,and of the Children 
that were born of them, had accidentaUy heard, 

{he caufed EuryBheus to come forth of his Mo¬ 
thers Womb at the end of feven months, and 
by that means procured untohim the Scepter,wit 

the Soveraign Command. 

Some fay, that Juno folicited earneftly by 

fdlas, was reconciled to Hercules , and that in 

teftimony- of her good will and amity, fhe gave 
him to fuck of her own Milk, by that means it 
hapned, that the little Hercules having fpiitTome 
of the Milk opt of his mouth, he whited all that 

part of-the Sky-that we call the Milky-way. ^ 

This kindnefs was but feigned, to fatisfie the re- pojquam eon • 

quell of Pallas ; for a while after, when he was %fj^ r 

yet in the Cradle, fhe fent two dreadful Serpents “ r /" r * 
to devour him, which did not anfwer her ex- 
peftation ; for the Child, without any mew of in mints 

fear, caught them in his hands, and tore them in <£•»*««»■ 

pieces. v apprehendit tot 

When he was come to Age, Enryftbetts ex- £ MU pernici _ 
pofed him to all manner of dangers, to caule ur . piaut.in 
him to perifh So that once he took a resolution Amphytr. 
to obey him no longer, but the Oracle informed 
him, that it was the Will of the Gods, that he ^on. DionyC 
ihould pafs twelve times inore through dangers rib. 3 5* 

ia obedience to the Commands of this Tyrant. 

Thefe are named the Twelve Adventures of 

& 

Hercules. 



* 


lit 


Tktocriti 

W' 25 


Apdflod. lib, 


Called Stytt 
pbilidts* 


w»t wm of tie 


Book 




The firft was,wheu he wasappointed todeftr 

a great Lyon of the Foreft of Nema y t 
was fallen from the Globe of the Moon, and tha 
fpoiled all the Country round about. The Peop 
had often caft Darts and Arrows at him, but 


skin could not be pierced 


Hercules purfuedhi 



and drove him into a Cave, where be feized up 

him, and ftrangled him. Afterwards he alwa 

did wear the skin of this Lyon about him, as t 
Trophy of hisVi&ory. Some fay, that this 



1 rophy or his Victory. Some fay, that thisis 

theLyon that was placed amongft the twelve Signs 
of the Zodiack. 

He was fent next to the Lake of Lerna , near 
Argos y to encounter with the Hydra y a notable 



Serpent, of a ftrange nature, for it had feve 
heads y when one was .cutoff, many others dii 
immediately burft forth y fo that it was not pod 


was 


nature, for it had feven 
cutoff, many others dil 


ble to overcome this Monfter 


unlefs all his 


Heads were cut off at onetime, and the reft ol 
his body deftroyed by Fire, and Sword, which 


was executed by Hercules 


About that time 


wild Boar of 


extraordinary bignefs, whofe 


refidence was upon Mount Erymanthus in Ay 


cadia , did deftroy all the nei 

Hercules dragg’d him alive t 

was almoft frighted out of his 
held him. 


the neighbouring Fields, 

alive to Euryfiheus , who 

: of his wits, when he be 


In the fourth pi 


K. 


the Mountain Menelaus 


he got hold of the Stag 


whofe Feet were < 


Brafs, and Horns of Gold, when he had purfiied it 

a whole year. 

He put to flight the Birds of the Lake Stynr 
fbalus, ' that were fo numerous, ana of fuch a 
prodigious greatnefs, that they did darken the 

Air, and hinder the Sun from Aiming upon men, 

when 




ij " 


\ 


,,rr 

% i • v - 


feeatlfett Derm Gods 


«,lien they flew over them 


Beftdes, they did 


t 


tiften 


devour them 


up 


fome, and carry thein away to 


ThefeEncounters were not worthy, to be 


toed With his Combat againft the Jmmsmr, 

U «•><¥<«? » f sV&’SPISm-' 


- 1 


Tart 


rmfts of the Hircaman , _ . ._ 

lowed their Husbands in the War ,an d fee in g them 


all cut off by the Enemies 


the R iver of 




Thermodoti in CafpadoC 


they 


man 


nage the War themfelves, nna not to fuffer any 
n S - Man to have any Command 


SSS*™* i? ** Aim;., The, 


any 


went 




SSpS. K *«£ 


the Males they did deftroy^ and 


Pap lhey Wnt in their infancy, that they might 
P more V ready to handle the Bow and Arrows, 


be 


ginri^nThe sS of Tr^, under the Conduits 
gauanuy in tit & ,„nri;tp.\Wnmen were 


They behaved themfelves 


of Tentbifil 


But thefe warlike Women 


S a^^ed b^^nta^nft them 


yield to 


the valour of Hercules , who 


according to the command of Enrift k*,H 


»- 


took 


?S«;thatafterwardswas married 


The* feventh Adventure, as Virgil informs 


was to 


,VWUt» -/ ‘ o ^. r 

cleanfe the Stables of Augeas King or 


It •„ them thoufands of Oxen had been daily 


fed; fo that the dung, by a 1<»JS continuance, was 


S .cteafecC'ahddidfillthe ^ 


feClion. xiwww*' -- -, n 

of the River Alpheus from its ordinary courfe 


Hercules therefore turned the Current 


and caufed it to pafs through the Stables 


Thus 


he carried away 


the filth in a day, according 


ta 



•• t 


m 


f: 












► l 


®&e putoiP of tfte 


Vi 


Book I! 


to his bargain. But Augeas, was not grateful to 

him for his pains,for he denied him the tenth part 

of the Oxen that were kept thereThis caufed 
his death, and the lofs of all his 

Afterwards Hercules 


goods 


tItrttfi. dc 
crcbll. 


went and feized upon a 
Bull, that did breath nothing but Firg and Flame, 

which Neptunm had fent into Greece, to punilh 

fome difgraces and affronts that he had received 
from that Countrey 


He 



afled from thence 


Throe, 


where 



ed the King Diomedes to endure in hisown 
erfon, that which he made others fuffer; for 
e gave all the ftrangers, that he could catch in 

his Kingdom, to his Horfes, to be devoured by 

them. Hercules ferved Bufiris, King of E 
in the fame manner, becaufe he was 




o crue 



Eryth was his 
creel Minifter 


ill ftrangers, as to cut their throats upon the Al¬ 
tars of Jupiter , that he might cloke his cruelty 
with a fpecious pretence of Piety. Likewife Ge- 
ryon. King of Spaixt 7 who was reported to have 


©f Stare, who t J u raa t>~ j- 
was killed. three Bodies 


becaufe he "did command three 
thefe Kingdoms, was no lefs cruel than the former} 
Oxen from/, he fed fome Oxen, which he highly efteemed, 

&^ h -f eheas Dime ^ es d j d his Horfes -, and to keep them, 

vercylus, and ^ ^ad a Do g W1 th three Heads, and a Dragon 


who 


with fbven 


When Hercules was fent thither by 
offered to hin- Euryftheus , he treated him as he had formerly 

der his paffage done Diomedes. Now this Geryon , who had th ree 


flea I 


Beads 


He 


Heads, and three Bodies, and but one Soul 


facrificedthem 111076 them,was not like King Herilus, mentioned 
all to fm. by Virgil in the eighth Book of the i&ieids, who 

had three Souls in one Body, fb that he could not 

dye by one or two deaths y he was to be killed 
three times before he could be difpatch’d. 


tfeer Adventure of Hercules was 




Ano- 

put into the 

poffelTion 





•4 



T 




^ _ 



■'1 




. ^ ♦ 

. * » 

peatfjM Demi-Gods. 

_ of Euryftheus certain Golden Apples 

belonging to Juno, that were in the cuftody of 
fome Nymphs, the Hebrides , Daughters of He- 

the Brother of Atlas. But before any 


Ilf 




could came to them, a great Dragon, that was 

it the entry of the Garden where they grew, was •£, T \ fotff 

to be firft overcome. He found a means to ac- x) 3 - 

compliib this enterprife alfo; fome fay, that he « 8 T * 

made ufe of Atlas, who went to gather them *, 

in the mean while he took upon him the others 

burden, and bore up the Heavens with his fhoul- 

ders. . 

The laft Injundion which he received from£«- 

ftheus, was to fetch from Hdl the Dog Cetheru 



_rom whence he brought alfo Thefe us, that was 
gone down to keep company with his dear friend 

hrithous . 

Thefe glorious Adions made Hercules to be 


dreadful to King EnryBheus, and to all other 
Princes of the World. Afterwards there was no 
Monfter nor Tyrant known, but he undertook 

Thus he put to death Buftris , 
ie . who laid Ambufcado’s to 


* * 



> 


to deftroy them, 
the Son of Neptu 

take ftrangers, that he might mafiacre th?m 
upon his Altars; • - Thus he killed Cacus, the Son 
of Vulcan, who had three Heads, mentioned ‘ 
the tA&ntids, becaufe he was a notable Robber 
that did fpoil and deftroy all that came near the 

Mount Aventin. 

From thence he went to the Mount Cancafus, 
where he delivered Prometheus , and killed the 
Eagle that devoured his Liver, as we have already 

noted in the former Book, Chap. 3. 

Hercules had alfo an Encounter with Antons, 

the Son of the Earth, who was of a prodigious 
: • . bignefs, 















t* 

'£> t*»s was. bigpefc, 3fi(i 4 )d fanner of cpjelties, 

Kto g of t>w> This v^s, very remarkable of him, that as often 

“ed him§ s . he <Jti fa!lw^opchj|e^artb,foofmhe,r^ 

ina Sea Fight, ceived n frefh : fuppiy, pf flrength * whiph when 
and as often as Hercules perceived, he liftecj him up frpqijfJhje 

btdid )and s , ground, and in his Arms preft the breath out of 






r-r 


* * 


his Body 


l in his Arm? pre# the breath out of 

But as Hercules was big, and of a 


freflt Stipplies high ftature, a fmall matter was not fufficientto 
of Men i but nourifh him. One day when he was an hungry, 

Hercules with walking in the Fields, he met Theodamm rifling 

the groni^,. ft cm whom he fnatcht one of hii 


between him 
and the fhore 
and fo over¬ 
came him. 

Bo chart, in 
Canaan. I. 
cap. 24* 

He is faid to 


Oxen, which he laid upon his fhoulders, an<jdej 

voured eypry bit qt him,before Theodamw, who 

in the mean while did load him with imprecation 


andcurfes in his fury 


From hence was derived 


the cuftom of that Countrey, ,tp offer unto Uw 


cnles an Oxe 


be 6 o cubits reproaches 


Sacrifice, with all m^ner .of 


t i < 


f < 


• t 


high 


> • f 


See 


" . T - 1 ** 

I * 1i i 


Vlutarch of 
Strterius . 


He made alfo a Journey joto Sf 4 n. vfcjftfe 
feperatep the two Mountains Calpe and AkyfarPI 
let in the Main Ocean into $he Land by the S]tra$ 


of Cibr alter 


Thefetw^ Mountains, fuuatejo^e 


againft another, Calpe jn Spain, and Abyla ip 
Mauritania , do appear afar; off as twp pilla^ 

they are faid tp fee tfae P^aps of Heroes,- wfafej# 
engraved thefe woi*4s r pips ultra ; asiftfipjg 
were the utmpft bound? pf,the Wor^ 
which he could not enlaraenhis Dominions.. Inal 


his Conquefls he made ufe .of no otherW.e 3 P$ 
than aOJubof an Olive Tree, which at?U(b .fyqde 

d icated to Mercury, the Godof Eloquence,vyhoijj 

virtue heacknowledged to be rpore profitable!th# 

the power of Arms. . ; . 

Juno was inwardly grieved to fee him purchafi 
fo much glory, therefore flie fought an ,opp<$ 

tunity 


4 ’ * 


•I 




* J ’ i 




u **• 




1x7 


(ynity to deftrojrhirivor at leaft to create unto 
kin? fomc n&ifchieE Whilft he was in his journey 
to, Hell, fhe p^rfwaded Lycus, banifhed front 


Thebe 


furprife the City in his abfence, and 


kill Creon the King, with all hisSons. tie 

had in it taken Megara, the Wife of Hercules, 
and Daughter of Creon , and was going to force 
her to his luff, when Hercules returned from. 

Hell, and killed Lycus, with all his Afloci- 

ates. This was no fmall difgrace to Juno, who Eurip. in Htri) 
was refolved to revenge it \ therefore fhe caufed Fur r 
Hercules to enter into fuch a rage, that he killed 
his Wife and Children. Afterwards he became fo 


He 


ad 


it taken Megara, the Wife of Hercules 


-r into fuch a rage, that he killed 
hildren. Afterwards he became fo 


much afflifted for this deed, when his anger was 
appeafed, that he refolved to deftroy himfelf, if 
jit had not been hindred by the Prayers and Tears 

of Amphytrwn and The feus. 

But this famous Man, after fo many brave afti- phmutus 
ons, and after that he had overcome all things by Nat, Deor, 
his valour, became a Slave to Women, and to the 

Affeftions which he entertained for them. Om~ 

fbAer Qjieen of Lydia, was one of thofe, who did 
poffefs him fo much, that he changed his Club into 
fpinninglnftrumentSjhe cloathed himfelf with the 

Garments of a Damfel, and ferved thisPrincefV 


m the quality of a Maid of Honour. 

& Afterwards he became amorous of Deianira , 
for whom he was to fight with Achelom, the Son 
of Tbetys » But the latter being fenfible of his 
own weaknefs, did encounter with him in feveral 
jhapes changing himfelf now into a Serpent, anoti 

into a Bull. Whilft he thus appeared, Hercules 


s> 


into 


Bull 


caught hold of one of his Hprns and tore it up 
by the root,which made him fo alhamed, that ever 
after he remained in the form ofaRivervthat 


be^rs 







^0* ViuQiP m ujz 






i 


ipmvzn uemi-tioas 


bears his Name. The Naiades, his Daughters a flaming . Pile of woo'd, and: was there confumed 
being extremely afflicted at this difgcace receiver to afhes. His Servant Lychas was drown’d in the 
by their Father, offered the Horn of Plentyj Sea, where he was changed into.a Rock, and beta* 

_ I • _1 (V ♦ 1 It n i « . vjl * - . ^ « r*« 


for grief killed her felf with a blow of her 


i 


! 


Zv r ibrieuo Amalthea 


which Jupiter had beftowed upon them to redeem 

that of their Father; for we mull underftandJjlusbahdsClub. ,, 

that when Jupiter was an Infant, he was nourifhedli But Hercules before he died did oblige Philo 


with the Milk of a certain She-Goat, named! Metes, the Son of Pean, his companion and friend* 



fome Nymphs that tended him! to fwear unto him never to difcover unto any body 


euyvc 

cf 3up 


tMtpv Afterwards he requited the kindnefs in this mabl the place where his afhes and bones were buried 

ner » t; he Goat he advanced amongft the Stars, and I He then delivered unto himhis Arrows, coloured 
gave to the Nymphsone of her Horns, with this! with the blood of Hyd 


rare virtue annexed 


of being able to pro! But when the Grecians were preparing for da 
them all things which they fhould wilhl Expedition againft Troy,, the Oracle gave out 


w wvxaamx uivy iiivuiU VYUJUB EiApCUXLiUll dgdllUL X 7 UJy . LUW 1 VJ'lV V v/uv^ 

Cornucopia. for therefore they named it the Horn cf Abun*| that the City was not to be taken, uiuds ithqy 


dance 




of Plenty 


carried with them the Afhes and Arrows of TfiH 

This forced him to difcover the place 


odes. 


Hercules returned Conquerour with Deianiri^ 

but he was ftopt at the Ford of a River, wheftl where they were hid, and that he might not 
Nejfns the Centaur offered his Service to him, to! ^ate his Oath, he fliewed where they lay with tyife 
carry Deianira behind him to the other lide, As| feet, which were punifhed afterwards for it 3 for: 


.* » 


'Membra pfy 


foo 



the Traitor was there landed, he would* jn~his Voyage to Troy 


of thefe Arrows 


Herculeos to- ^ ave Sbufed her, had jiot Hercules pierced hife| wounded his foot, that had been the Inftrument 

ros urit lues fpeedily with an 


bv.uiv UVOit) auu Uldl 

was ready to expire, he refolved to revenge hi 


Nefica qui do- that it had ftruck him to the heart, and that 

muitferas, it 
file viCl or vi 
citnr , mtrcts 
dolet. Sen. ;; 

Hercul. 

Oeteo, 0 

ta ! viftus 


Arrow, which when he TelJ $f his perfidioufnefs, fo 



that it 



yielded fuch a itink, that he became 
to his cogipagy.* therefore he was 



felf in this manner 5 he gave his Garment drop# fefc behind in the Ifle of LemtiOs. Never theleft, 
pmg with his blood to Deianira, perfwading hel|J fcecaufe the Greeks did imagin, tjjat it Was riot 

ursat if her Husband did wear it but once, h£| -poflible to obtain any fucc.efs without the Ar- 

his keeping. 


Lycai 
clades 


per 


would never have Jove for other Women. The I rows of Hercules, that 1 were _ 

filly Creature believes him, therefore fhe fent it I thefTent Vlyjfes back to bring him to the Siege 


to him by Lychas his man, when he was facrifi 


j 


upon Mount 'Oeta 


But 


and afterwards he was perfedfly healed by Ma 


Ibid 


Lycam 


piri-ftiz had imagined, for as Toon as he had put on | ^ fedapms 


fell not out as I ehaon, that famous Phyfitian, who was the Son of 


this Coat 


1 


the Blood of Neff us, that was aynoft 


Additional Note 


powerful poyfon, caufed fo great a burning all i There hath been noKing,nor other Perfon,fitlce 
over his body, that in delpairlie caft himfeifintol the beginning of the World, that hath rendredhis 



K 


name 


*30. pad? or m 

% 

bantemore fatuous than Hercules , lor he was not 
only iknown in Greece, in Italy, and Spain, but in 
Egypt as Herodotus, and in France and Germany 
ss Cafar informs us. Thefe following particulars 
may be further added to his former Hiftory, 

for the better underftanding of the Poets, and 
Ancient Writers. 

Jkpiter when he lay with his Mother, fpent three 
nigli£s,which hecaufed to be joyned together to be 
Sgeufeim} his body and ftature were anfwerablet6 
the pains and power of hisFathei-,for it is reported 
that-he was four Cubits and a Foot high, and bad 
three ranks of teeth in his mouth j out of his eyes 
Sparkles of fire and light did fometimes proceed 

»had a Sifter married to Polyphemus, mentio 

‘ n his Odyjfes his Brother was 

In his various ipmclw^ dr whom it is related, that he wasfo 

ftories, a light, that he cbuld rnn over the ears of ftanding 
Greek Poet, Dorn^witbbut any prejudice to them. When Herr 

vtdzsi-c&snstt o years of underftanding, he was put 
^thBiintfoii °f feveraiMatters, that did excel in 
iwfseUeJjy ^ ™y Arts and:Sciences, to learn under them the 
Wijfixov* things that were: Required to make him accoiu* 
&c » ^rti/hed. He was taught by a Shepherd, by birth a 

SiythUn, named Temares, to handle the Spear 
and Dart; Lucias ,. the Son of Apollo, taugli 
him the Rudiments of Learning and becaufe he 
had chaftifed him with a Rod, Hercules killed him 

when he came to be of Age: From Eumolpto* he 
learned the Art of playing upon Inftruments of 
ftlufick : Chiron gave him an infight into Aftro- 
logy; zw&Harpolieui, made him nnderftand the 
other Sciences, that were neceftary to accompli® a 
Man of bis Birth an d Valour. He was fcarce eigh¬ 
teen yfars of Age when Exryfihew imployed hrm ift 

moft 



* 


I 


,Ch. 2. ^eatDert Demi-Gods. 

moft difficult Enterpriles. The firft was when he 
killed that dreadfull Lyon fallen from the Moon, 
thatdid fpoil theCountrey round about theForeft 
of Nemea ; he difeharged againft this wild Beaft 
all his Arrows, but to little purpofe, and then en* 
countred it with his Club only in his hand, but the 
skin was fo tough and hard, that no weapon could 
enter it;which when Hercules perceiv’d,he caught 
hold of the raging Lyon, and tore him in pieces 

with his hands. Ever after he delighted to wear 
the skin of this Lyon, and in imitation of him all 

Heroes have skins of Lyons,or of wild beafts, upon 

their Bucklers. The Poets fpeak of three Lyons HtlilMfs, 

killed by Hercules, viz., that of Helicon, of Lef- Lesbeus, 

Eos, and Nemea. Tbejpias, King of Bceotut, Bmatts, 

•foon heard of his valour and ftrength, therefore 
‘he fent for him to make tryal of his ability. This 
•King had fifty Daughters, and no Son *, he ima- • 

igined that it might be a great fupport to him, to 

(hayeGrandchildren by them ofextraordinary qua¬ 
lities. . For that intent he imploy s Hercules , after 

<z coftly Banquetjto get them with Child^andit is 
, reported,that.he did hisbufinefsfo well, that they 

:did all conceive fo-many Sons in one night. Creon , 

,King of Thebes+befto wed upon him his Daughter 
'in reward of his good fervice, for he had delivered 
;him and hisCountryfrom all fubje&ion to Ergirtm, 
whom he kill’d with moft part of his Army,when 
'he went to. confult the Oracle, and expiate his 
crimes, of murdering his Wife and Children.The 
■Pythia, the Woman Prieft of Apollo, firnamed 
rhim Hercules, whereas before he was called Ale ides. 

They Fay that Ekryfthem, that fet him at work, 
was fo jealous of Hercules, that at laft he would 

never fuffer him to enter into the Gates of the 



/ 






1 


*3 


€&e Jpiffo# of tfie 


Book'll 


City* but J)y Copreus his Herald did fignifie unto 


him his pleafure 


In his Travels he was kindly 


who brought forth 


d by feveral perfons,efpecially by Photos 


him his bell Wine v and 


The Greeks 


greateft Dainties; but it happened, that at that 
time his houfe was befet by the Centaurs, whom 
Hercules put to flight, killing great numbers of 
them. Afterwards he cleanfed the Stables of An- 
geos, buz being deprived of the reward promifed by 
this ungrateful King, he fack’d his Countrey, and 
out of the fpoilshe erededTrophies of his Vidor y, 
& inftituted the Olympick Games, ordering them 


didafeerwards to be celebrated every five years in honour of Jupi 


buhober their 


ter. 


Euryfth 


fought alloccafions 


years by Olya * . therefore he commanded him to bring 


deftroy 


pads 


him the Girdle of Hippolyt 


0 


Queen of the Ama 


zj)ns, that he might give it to his Daughter Ad- 
nut a. He conqueredall the Country of the Ama-. 
&ons - 0 and in his return with The feus, he freed 
Hefione from the fury of the Sea-Monfter, unto 
which fhe was expofed by her Father, as we have 
already faid ; but this Traitor refuting to give to 
Hercules the recompenee that he had promifed, 
loft both his life and Kingdom. Hercules after 
thefe Exploits punilhed Tmolus -and Telegonus, 
the Sons of Proteus, becaufe they did inhumanely 
kill all the ftrangers, which they overcame in 


wreftling 


and Sane do 


the impious Son of 


Neptune , received alfo from him a worthy reward 
of his former cruelties. Hercules .,performed ma¬ 
ny other worthy Adis, for he palfed through Ly- 


Palefiine, Cilicia , and Afia minor. 


hi Egypt, Palefiine , Cilicia , and Aft a mwor, 
deftroying all emineutRobbers and pettyT yrants, 
that made ufe of their power to opprefs the reft of 

Mankind, Thus he put to death Cygnm the Son 

of 


. '* 



V 


Ch. 3. JJlCflt&flt Demi-Gods." 

of Mars , Zetis and Calais the Sons of ‘Boreas • he 
vanquifhed the cruel People, called tec-ropes, that 
dwelt in *Afia Minor hedeftroyed the Gy ants that 
marched againft him, that proceeded from the 
blood of the Lyon of Nemea \ and many other 

Monfters of cruelty he humbled in the duft. 



T Hefeus was the Son of zAEgeus , King of 

Athens , who gave his name"to the zAgean 
Sea. He ljved in the time of Hercules, and was 
nearly related to him j therefore he was often a 
Companion of his Adventures, and a perfe<ft 
follower of his Generotity. He took the City 1 " 

of Pylus , where Njletts and his Sons lived, and 

when Venclymenm the youngeft did change him- 
felf into feveral fhapes, to fight with Hercules 
with more advantage, he found a means to fur r 
prife and overcome him. After -that he had 
efcaped from the fnares of his Mother-in-law 



The moft part of the Princes and great Lords 
of that time were Robbers, who made their 

greateft contift in a Tyrannical Dominion over ph a i ar im tw- 
their miferable Subjeds,and over all thofe that mental flm- 
were fo unhappy as to fall , into their hands. profuit, & 
Phalaris, King of Sicily , was one of them 5 he Siculi mugitus 

was wont to fliuc Men alive into the body of a ^ h!JT w/- 
Brazen Bull hollow within, caufmg fire to be put Gild. * " " ' 

^ K 3 under 



©lie Wig of t 






Book IT. 




under it, that it might Oblige tbe% to fend forth 
groans and crys out Of. the throat of this Inftru- 
ment of his cruelty; In the mean while he took a 
lingular delight to hear the Bull bellow after this 


manner 


Theft* 


that wanted neither courage nor 


goodnefs, refolved to give a check to the info 
fency of all thefe Tyrants, and to treat them a 
they had treated others before, Firft he mar 


ched againft 


Sc iron, who took pleafure 


drowning all Paffengers in the Sea. Thus he 
puniffied Procrufies , becaufe he was wont to cut 
in pieces all thofe that came into his hands: 
Sometimes he did cut off their Legs even with the 

Bed where they lay. 

Thus he encountred with all the Monfters 


Thus he 


that came into the World 


with the Bull of 


Marathon 


that was of a prodigi 


bignefs 


and with the Boar of Calydoni 


that Meleag 


ithout 
e Pro* 


V 


had undertaken, but could not overcome without 
the help of The fetes, from whence rifethtne Pro¬ 
verb, Non fine Thefeo. 

The molt famous and notable jof all his Ex¬ 
ploits, was the Victory that he obtained of the 
Minotaur, who was half a Man and half .a Bull, 


whofe Birth we 


mentioned 


the If 


ormer 


Book, fpeaking of Yafvbae , the Wife of Mi 


by 


who was the Mother of this Monfter, begot 


Bull on her body 


And that we may know 


how The fetes was engaged 


this bufinefs, we 


mult underftand, that King Minos made War 


upon 


the People of Attica , to revenge 


the 


Death of his Son Androgens, maflacred by them 
in a treacherous manner. In this war he took 
the City of Meqara, and overcame the Athenians \ 

fo 


s 


m 



• 3 * 

& that ,he obliged them to fend unto him, as a 

Tribute, every year a certain number oijoung 
Men, whom he gave to this nJMmtmrus to be 


devoured by him 


eft the other young Men, 


Thefeus requefted to fee fecit 


that he might 


deftroy this Monfter, that had devoured already 

fo much of the blood of his Citizens. The hs- 

bvrinth was the place where this Minotaur us was 

... _ t 11_Use* T\ jJ S* § 1 * £ 


kept 


This Edifice had been built by Dadalus 

S 


iif fuch a manner, that there were in it fo many 

windings and turnings, that it was a difficult mat¬ 
ter for one within to. find the way out again. 
Thefeus wifely prevented this inconvemency, 
for he won the good liking of Ariadne the Kmg^s 
Daughter, and ffie delivered to him a Thread, 
by the affiftance whereof he found away out:oi 
the Labyrinth, after that he had killed the Mmo- 
taunts in it. Ariadne he took with him,pro- 


tnifing unto her wonderful advantages in his 

Kingdom of Athens. NeverthMefshe left her by 'Afym 


the way. 


the I {land of Naxos 


comply A/opi/flr®- 


with the' defires of the God Bacchus , who de- 
fired to have her in Marriage *, and theretore ne 

prefented her with a Crown, that hath been hnce ub. 47. 

placed amongft the Stars. . , . 

The Ship in which Thefeus was carried into 

the I iland of Crete, had no other Sails but Black 


I iland of Crete , had 


and Mourning 


But he had promifed to his Fa 


ther ^Sqeus, that in cafe he obtained the Victo¬ 
ry, he would come home with White Sails \ 
which the excefs of joy, proceeding from the 
confutation of his happy return from lo emi¬ 
nent a danger, caufed him to forget. Theretore 
it happened that his Father, who was always ex- 

pefting with much impatience his coming 







KUIMP 


— 




uo 


fj 


when he law the- black Sails* the ligns of fadnei 
and of forrow approaching with the Ship, he was 

taken with fo piercing a grief, that he call himfef 

head-long intd the Sea at the fame moment, and 

there was drowned. 

This Sip was afterwards kept by th C oAthem 
ans 0 as the Remembrancer or Monument of the 
happy Victory, that had freed them from .tht 


9 


happy Victory, that had freed them from .thd 
apprehenfion of fo much mifery. .They did 
therefore repair it, when any part of it was 
decayed by long Handing, and nailed unto it ne.. 
Planks, in lieu of thofe which time did confume 
and rot. This Ship, faith Plutarch? was always 
a Prefident in the Difputes of Philofophy in the 
Schools, brought to exprefs the means that Na 
Cure imploys to preferve the Elementary Bodies, 
and particularly thofe that are maintained by non 

rifhment. 

After this, Pirithm? King of the Lapithes , 
People of Theffaly , defired to fee fo famous 
Perfon : therefore to obtain his delire, he began 


They did 


was 


Planks 
and ro 


a 


) 



Perfon ? therefore to obtain his delire, 
to Ipoil the Borders of his Kingdom 


him to come to defend himfelf 




he began 
to oblige 


When both met 


together, they were fo much taken with the be^i 


tiful 


with the courage and g 


behaviour one of the other, that they did fvyear 

to be for ever Friends, and to lend a mutual afli- 
llance in all difficult affairs. 


Immediately after 


by Thefetu 


J 


Pirithow? being affifted 


1 


did punifh feverely the Centaurs? 


when he invited them to the Feftival, that was 
kept at his Marriage with Hippodamia ; becaufe 
they had molt inlblently affronted his People the 
Tapitbes, and maffacred multitudes of them. 


pdpithesy and maffacred multitudes of them. 
Now the cmam were the firlt. People that had 

<4 ^ \ 


— 





3 



1 ' 


Wound'out the Art of Riding upon HorfeS •, and - 

lor that caufe they were efteemed half Men, and 
.half Horfes, by thofe that met and faw them, at 4 

diftance on Horfe-batk. From hencecomes their 
Name Hippocentauri. 

Another Effeft of the Alliance between Vm- : 
thorn and Tkefim, was the Rape of the fair He¬ 
lena, of whom we lhall fpeak hereafter. 1 he¬ 
rein alfo accompanied him to Hell, when he went • 

J ~ . - ■ . i __ -n /v *. • ^ Via IrvirpH 






hr:'* 






* * 


1 / 


I' 


i 


Una , of whom we fliall fpeak hereafter 


Vo fetch from thence Proferpina , whom he loved 

_ _ • *r*» - . . ... . ‘ A. riAt" 


entirely 


But this Enterprife fucceeded 


cording to their expectation , for they were ftopt 


by Pluto 


Some fay 


that Pirithous was con¬ 


demned to the torments oilxioti-? but The feus 

was forced to reft himfelf after the 'grievious tam¬ 
bours and pains that he had enduredirl this Expe- 


A 


dition, uporf 


great ftone, from 1 winch he could 


never after rife 


move himfelf, until Herat 


went down to Hell 


Cerberus 


fetch the great Dog 


He did flick fo clofe to this great 

—. • « * t f 1 a* a i , 4 Pii 


ftone, that he left uppn it his skin when he was 


pluckt from thence 


Hell 


When he returned again g if 


‘ w.w*-vvuen — fault under 

after his deceafe, Pluto condemned, 


him to the fame place, becaufe he had been fo 
bold, as to undertake to ravifh and carry away 

his Queen. r 

We.have already declared in the former Cha¬ 
pter, how he married Hippolyte , Queen of the 
Amazons? of whom he had a Son that did bear 
the Name of his Mother, called by fome^«- 


takings. 


tiope 


Afterwards he efpoufed Phedra 

i ♦ 


of the 


« ^ 

Daughters of Minos 


She grew amorous of this 


Hippolym her Son-in-law, but when Ihe could 
riot gain him by prayers, fbe accufed him to 
The fern moft maliciouny, as if he had offered to 

". dilho* 


3 


\ 



t } 8 




C&e tyiftw oftbe 


Cf him Is the dilhonour her 


Book rr 





Proverb, 


The few gave credit to her 


'ImvroKvroV 


lamny; therefore he banilh’d out ofhis houfe 


r a- 






pufttmuoA 


Biogen. 

Of achafi and 


poor young Prince, defiring the God Nett 


punifli him for this fuppofed Crime 


virtuous 


Hiffolym fled from the rage of his Father 


upon a Chariot 


and as he was palling by the 


MSf ^ he met with a f^ 


capo amove 


Hippo- him 


ted his Horfes, caft him to the ground, and kill’d 


Sen 


miferabie manner \ for he was dragged 


the Rocks and Stones, and his body 


Eunp. h Hip- pi eces by thefe fearful and furious Horfes 


Phi 


dr a was mightily grieved at this mifehances beine 


therefore preffed with a remorfe ofConfcienceJhe 


difeovered all the truth of HippolytuP s Innocence 


and of her own Malice, and then ftabb’d her felf 


before him, leaving unto Thefe ns the diflatisfadtion 


of having been top credulous 


Blit i/Efculap 


being moved with companion ioz fdippolyt 


ftored him to life again 


re 


Additional Note 


Thefeus was a wifeand valiant King of Athens 


that perfwadedthePeopledilperfed in theCountry 


live together in Cities. He eftabliflied whole 


feme Laws in his Dominions, and deftroyed many 


Tyrants and Thieves, that did trouble the Coun 


trey, Cercy 


y 


Polyp 


Periph 


&c. He 


was faid to be the Son of Neptune ^ becaufe he 


encou rager of Trade and Navigat 


Minos 


did queftion him about his Father, but he proved 


what he was; for when the King caft a Ring into 


the Sea, he dived to the bottom, and fetcht it up 

U ^ _ • i • « « ... 1 


with a Crown in his hand, which Thetis beftowed 


upon him, and which was afterwards given 


Ariadne ^ but after her death it was placed amongft 
the Stars b 


His 


M 


Beat&etl Tlemi Gods 


t 


n9 


His Sons were Mppotytw, Am 


\oon 


juua hviv j i*i i 

When he came to be old, he was kill Q by 


King Lycomedes in a cwel Battel 


He Reigned about the year of the W orld 2700, D \lodU^eap^ 


the day s of Gideon, a Judge ollfraef according 


the computation of the belt Chronology 



CHAP. IV. 


Of the Stories ofC AS TOR and P O LL U X 


T 


He common Opinion of the Poets is, that v’oe&ntui'tit 


LTSTcuSn of Tyndarw, King .of Jffi-ftS 


1 LMil, me - i <-> . otbdii 

Otbalia, having had familiar acquaintance wit< 


lumter, brought forth two large Eggs : Out or Ambelii Laper 

J i « • • \— iVm V\nA V nil t A and A 


which 


of Jupiter ■> Ihe had Pollux and fa dqirfeioi 


Helena 


and from the other, that was of Tyn- AmpUi & 


darns* were born Caft or and Clytemneftra . i n y Hence ^ tJle 

were neverthelefs all named Tyndandes-y became p rov> 


thev were all the Children of one Mother, that of 

^ v J 4 • fiir T inV. 1 


W ife of Tyn dams 


Lady, fhe 


The 


Brothers, Caft 


and Pollux, did proceeds from 


another entirely 


infomuch that they 




were 


infeparable, and they always performed 


their undertakings together •, but Pollux only 


was 


immortal by the priviledge of his Birth 


therefore 


of 


tender affe&ion for his Bro 


ther, he perfwaded 


Jupiter , who had a great 


kindnefs for him, to admit alfo the other 


the number of his Sons 


From hence the 


Greeh called them Diofcotiroi , that 


Chil 


dren of Inpiter : And Jupiter at laft caufed Caft 

y I . . _ f • • * T 1 . in 111 , 


partake with Pollux ot his Immortality 5 in fuch 


a manner, as 


that they were to live fucceilively 


one 





I 




•• »-» ■_ : _ _— 









1 




140 


K «t$*o££ -S - 1 1 

mbJk(j.ov 
"Trut; dyado i 

TlohvS'dlx.ia 

fim. Odyjf.i 


® 6 e tylttow of tfie 


* r 


Book 




after another, until the time that thev «J 
both tranflated to the Signs of the Zodia*] 

re thev rpnrpfenf , .tti 




h *4 


Ipeatfiett De.mi-Gods 


X 4 * 


where they reprefent the Conftellatiori went 

Gemtm. , T t he ground. 


of the Ship to fight with him at handy blows 


out, and foon laid him dead upon 

In this voyage, when a dangerous 


But they did 


nour 


Tempeft had overtaken them, they faw 


1 


actions 


. they forced ^Zfcland ToUux, wldch were the happy Omens or fore 


Wiuui --■ x i j . . r 

their Sifter Helena, whom'h'eharmken'Zl^ners of the end of their fears and danger j tor 

cleared the Coaft kail Pvrats ar S Pa S’ M the Marriners take notice, that when two Fire ap 


rupted the Trade 


therefore they have been 


dored amongft the Divin es of the Se 7 „d » their undertakings, and a 

Kre Meteors, or the dry exhalations of the 


name 

from 



Y“ c numoer or thofe, that were Hr. 
Afompti that is, who did protedthem 

■il. For this caufe the Heathens did facri- 


fice untothem white Lambl lEarth, 

The Romms had a particular refoed for them I and Pl 

becauFe of the affiftice that theyhadre cc iv“d &** 


that are Meteor 
Earth, inflamed 


Air, are called Cafi 


and Pollux; but when one is feen, itis^alled 


from them in a Battel agamft the Latin People, 

cred: to them a very ftately Temple, and fvvore 


dangerous 


Seamen 


Tro 


After 


and Pollux imu was. ...—'„r a : r c;(v pr ^ 

HeL. but when they had taken one of the C - Ai A 


the return of the Argonauts, Cafior 

: had war with t\K Athenians , becaufe 


commonly by their Names 


Woman was Me aft ( 

Hercule and JEdepol - 
of Caft or or Pollux 

Temple. 


The Oath of the 


that 


as that of Men 


was 


Helena 


■at is, by the Tempi 

for tts£des fignifies ; 


Of The feus, and in it their Sifter 


they dealt x 9 


a 


KywitX Inhabitants,and S’ * 

bur. 'SEthra, Mother of Theft*- Theretore tne „„ tu 


C aft or and Pollux 


Additional Note 


reckoned amongft ^the 


Irt r ’ r l n ^ rKottS 

^ d i hlS Ar & 0naiit h in their Expe- 

h ! ? 1° / etCh b ,f k a S aia the Golden FlpeceJn 
wh^fe wo Brethren did fufficiently declare 

when he offered to challenge one of their company 


(jreeks ca 

, A/ 3 ; K*?*t 


all Saviours and favourable Princes 


Homer* 


out 


They undertook afterwards a War with Lynceus 
and Ida, the yaliant Sons of Ahharem, m fa¬ 
vour of their Miftreffes, that had been efpoufcd to 
them formerly.In the Encounter with them Ca- 
for was unhappily kill’d by Lyncetu, and Pollux 
dangeronfiy wounded by Ida •, but Juftter reven¬ 
ged hisSons quarrel,for he ftruckM* to the grou 

.with his Thunderbolts. Pollux , m honour of hi 

Brother, invented a Dance, that was to b p 




t 


Cfje fyittoip oftfie 


Boot If; 


formed by young men well armed, named Ca(hrH 

Dance. Now this Lync&m is reported to have 


been a man of a very quick fight / The Poets fay 
that he was able to perceive anything through; 

folio fubftance, and to fee ' * - * 6 


the Larth 


bccaufe 


the bofom of 


firffc that lent 

filver. 


as fome think, he was the 

to groap there for gold and 


T ■heXoman did mightily efteem thefeGods be 
caiife they appeared to allift them in their need. 
And the Lacedemonians gave unto them the Title 

of The Locrenfes did alfo fee them 

leading their Armv again ft the ixnfli 


leading their Army agamft the CrotonUt, , with 

Caps on their Heads, and Lances in their Hand 

upon two white Horfes. From hence it is, tha 
they are thus reprefen ted, and that the Romm 
have affected a Cap, as a badge of Liberty. When 
Tarcfninm was expell’d, they coyned pieces of 

rin e Ii W iI th ct ° rs Cances, bearing'.oil the 
b^ndage^ 1 ^’ “ t0 ^ n °f f«edotnffroni 


In the Heavens, beHdes.thefe forenatned.Mete. 

m tw .° Head of.G^ini, 

OdfT. Ca ^ 0r an< ^ ^°^ ux -> mentioned by. Homer 


^ Its? ttpzpoi, aMo7ie/l’ tJxi. 

? 4 

nyM $ Kih’oyxa.'nv Stow. 




, » • 




1 < • 


CHAP. 




Ch. 


\ . 

^eat&ett Demi-Gods. 


*43 


C H AP. V. 


Of ORPHEUS 


T 


He Poets relate wonderful ftories of feveral 


Muficians of the firft Age 


of Amyh 


who built the Walls of Thebes only with the 


pleafant harmony of 1 
for the fweetnefs of 


Mufical Inftruments; 
s Tunes caufed the 


{tones to move, and place themfelves 
order. 


good 


Ariottwas alfo admired for his skill in Mufick 


as we may take notice 


this occafion ; when 


he was failing from Italy into Greece, the Sea¬ 
men refolved amongft themfelves to cut histhroat. 
that they might have his Purfe .* But he reque- 

ftedofthem the favour to fuffer him to play once 
more with his Harp before they did dilpatch him. 
It happened that he made fuch excellent Mufick. 


that'the Dolphins, ravifhed 
in companies about the Ship 


held them, he call: bimfelfinto theSea, hoping 
to meet there with more humanity than amongft MVg tm tutim 

• i - - • 1 ’ 1 


o hear him, came 
and when he be- u*dt Ovid, it 

,theSea,hoping 


the 


Mariners; he was not deceived of his 


us aquor erat . 


exneftation, for one of thefe Dolphins, taking Some fay to 
him upon his back, carried him to Corinth, “; t 
where King Veriander received him with kind- j n Q rttcu 
nefs, and put thefe inhumane Sailers to death, 
to punilh them for their intended crime. This 
Dolphin was rewarded by the Gods with a place 
amongft the Stars, for the good office that he had 


done to this poor Mufician 


I {hall 





i. - • « ’ 


17 


~~r . • 


* 


*44 


€&e 5>iffOipoft&e 


Book If 




' * * 

I {hall not mention the Satyr Mar [yds , who 
becaufe he had more skill in Mulick, than the 
common fort of people, was fo tranfported with 
vanity and prefumption, as to compare himfelf 

with Apollo. This God was fo difpleafed with 

him, that wheii he had overcome him, according 


the judgment of the Mufi 


punifh his temerity 


fcj, he head him; 
we have already 


mated in the Story of Apollo. 

There happened alfo a like Controyerfie be 
tween Apollo land Pan , the God of the Mou/i 


and Shepherds 


becaufe he knew pretty 


M tJkt 


well how .to play upon the Pipe, and that thefe 

Country Clowns did cry him up for the moft 

expert Mufitian of the World : He was fo au¬ 
dacious as to difpute this Honour with Apotto : 
Mi doty' King of Phrygia, a iimple fellow, one 


A Greek Q f the Judges 


this Controveffie, gave a fen 


fellov 


pi tence in favourof 1 ¥an - 7 thererefore Apollo caufed 
AfTes ears to grow on his head, that he might 
.appear what,-he was to the World. This Prince 

.entreated Stlenus . to grant unto him the favour, 
in reward of a con fid er able fervice, that he had 


r a 


done i 

Ihould 


him, that all that he Ihould touch 


immediately into Gold 


He foon 


repented, of his ralh defire, when all his viduals 

and food became Gold, and when in the midft 

■ 

of all his Gold he was ready to ftarve for hunger 
and want. ; 

And that we may not make any longer dif- 
courfe of thofe that have excelled in Mufick> it 
is the common Opinion, that Orphem , who 


was 


iy 


Poet, but alfo 


hath carried away the Palm from all 


Philofoph 


) 


reft 


We need not wonder at it, feeing he was born of 

fueh 


* 



.**■ .* * • 






v - 


/ -v - 

5 


E)eat6e» Demi 










■f » 


f U ch Learned Parents, of Jfbllo and the Mufe 

Calliope* Of him it is Reported, that he caufed 


• * * 






:rn 




his voice to' .agree fo admirably 

Lute, that the Rivers dkfftop to 


well.with 
lifted to h 


^ and u B 

HIS 


n 


that the Storms and Tempefts did e’eafe, that 
the moft favage Animals came to him in compa¬ 
nies to recreate themfelves with this excellent har¬ 
mony, and that the Trees and Rocks were feen 


1®) pa genus* Sett* 


at the found 


f ' 


He performed fomething more than this, for 

when he loft by death his Wife Eurydi'ce, who 

flying from the amorous Embraces of Arifihewi 
King of Arcadia , died fuddenly of a wound re¬ 


ceived by 


Serpent: He went after her to the 


Gates of Hell, where he played with that dex¬ 
terity upon his Inftruments of Mufick, that Pin¬ 
to, Proferviua , and all the Infernal Inhabitants* 


were ravilhed 


admiration 


He prevailed by 


that means To much upon them, that they gran 


ted 


him the favour 


carry with him his 


Wife back again, to live longer upon Earth, up¬ 
on condition, that in his return, he would not 
look back upon her, until he was afeendedinto 


he would not 
afeended into 


the light*, which condition, his impatient 


for her caufed him 


break, by calling his eyes 


behind him 


which when her Guard had per 


ceived, they dragg’d her back into Hell, and left 
him in fuch a trouble ofmind^ that.he pfolved 
for her fake never to entertain any affedion for a 


Woman 


and to diflwade 


his acquaintance 


i 


J • 


\ 




from their love and union: Which procedure of Some fay tfcic 


his 


did fo much fcandalize and difpleafethe he was kill’d 

, with a Thun- 


derbolt. 0j»' la a • 


w'p 

0 

L 


lw 




Dames 




* 






* r 


m of t&e 


•• ■ - r * - ? -tv x 




Book Ilf 


The Swan 


Dames of Thracia* that in their furious 


Thigh unto 
death. 


Swan 


mirablfwdi’ f P orts at the Feftival otBacdnu, they, tore him in 
•fjlien it draws P leces - But afterwards he was metamorphofed 
Thigh unto into a Swan, and his Harp was placed amoneft 
death. the Stars. 

* { 

Additional Note, 

Arion tut The Ancients relate incredible things of Dol- 

P hins > ^elides, this famous one that carried Arion 
Jy . V *. fafe to Land out of rhp hsnrk nf intmmono 


the Stars 


Arion trat 
Patria Me~ 
thymnm , ob - 
[curbs parenti 


bus natus , p/«- Manners 


Land out of the hands of the inhumane 


They 


nfignisypr 


performed kind offices to Mankind 


i 

of others, that have 


cipue on 
iambicus 


Hefiodj the 


firft famous Writer, when he had been maflacred 

in Neptune* s Temple in Nemea, and call into the 


Sea 


by the Dolph 


fhore again. A young Man, and 


brought carefully 


falling by chance 


Mi ft refs 


the Sea, were faved 


Therefore ra- the Ifland of Lesbos by Dolphins, and carried 
™u©- throu E h the waves to Land. And Telemachtu . 


through the waves to Land. And Telemachtu , 
the Son of Vlyjfes, was alfo preferved in the Sea 

by Dolphins ^ therefore his Father^id bear a Dol¬ 
phin in his Buckler, in remembrance of that kind- 

nefsffiewcd to his blood by that Fiffi. All the Hea¬ 
thens had a particular refpedt for this creature^ 
fome of them would not fuffer any injury to be of¬ 
fered unto them, bscaufe they are fo favourable to 


Mankind 


Countries of the North 


Mtwfierus tells us, that there isa Fiffi called Raia 

longer than a Dolphin, and no lefs kind to our na¬ 
ture. When they meet with any, whofe misfor¬ 
tune it is to be call away, thefegreat Fifties receive 

and lodge them in their Jaws, and do thus carry 


them Fafe to ftiov 


the Opi 


He infinuates 


of fome, that this was that kind of 


V. ; 


Fiffi, or Whale, that waited for Jonas when he wa: 
call into the Sea,and that carried him fafe to land 

9 s 

Marfyas. 








4 - 


f * ♦ 


A 


l ■ 

i ■ 5 - 

Marfyas 


8)eat&et1 Demi-Gods 


/4 7 




fyTi : tn 


I 


t 


Pipe, a Muficallnftrument 


• _ » 

Phrygian, was the Inventer of the Ovid. Jafi. 


Some fay that M 


nerva was the firft that play’d with it,at a Banquet ” 
of the Gods j and that becaufe of her grey eyes, buxo;.Ht da 
when her cheeks were fweil’d,ffie did appear ridi- eftci tibia 

culousto the company, efpecially to Juno and FI?- longafonos 
»w,who laugh’d at her for her pains.This gave het 
the curiofity to fee what reafon they had to modi 
her. For that purpofe fhe came down upon Mount 
Ida,and began to play with herPipe upon thebanks 
of a clear River, that ffie might behold her felf at 
that time •, but as foon as ffie perceived how de¬ 
formed it did reprefent her,ffie caft thePipe away 
with a curfe, defiring that he that ffiould take it 
up, might end his dayes by cruelty. zJWarfyas the 
Satyr, the Son of tiyagnis, a great Favourite of 


* * 




Cyb 


found it, and firft made ufe of it in the 


publick Sacrifice of this Goddefs for that reafon 
it did always continue afterwards in her Solemni¬ 
ties. But this Marfyas became fo proud and felf- 
conceited for this Invention, that he challeng’d 
Apollo , upon this condition, that he that could Media ilia 
make the moft pieafant Mufick,ffiould have power tmptfiattinttr - 

over his Antagonift. Apollo was the Viftor 
therefore hehang’d Marfyas upon a Tree, ana bli i 0 ji s Q raco . 


pull’d his skin over his 


Some drops of his 


blood hapned to fall into the River, that did run bus 

hard by, and therefore from him it was named ^ 


Marfy 


It 


through the City Cderia, taken 


uint. Cure. 

1 . 3. . 


by Alexander the Great 


• * 


Quaque celer re His defeendens Marfya ripts 

\ 

9 

Errantetn M&andron adit , mixtufqtte refertnr 


Lucan Vharfal 
lib. 


* - 


L 2 


Or - 


t ■ 



—**.*»*-. 


t _ r; 








1 




/ ; 


% 




m 




e 






01 


* 

W* 

Orpheus 




f m 


.1 






TI 


Boob! IK 


was a Thracian-, born, as Tome fay 


of Ap§llo and CaHiope: } as others, of Oeagm 


Galled there* and the Mufe Polihymnia. 


He was an excellent 


*?. r £, b E vUt0 ' Philofopher, and the firlt that recommended a 


JV / M ‘ 4V * fcUV lALJLb VilUV a 

a ^irary^Ife,' f ' 0 ^ tar Y and abftinence from flefh. 


Mercury 


Or a harmlefs gave him his Harp,with which .he performed won* 
life, entertain- ders. He was the firlt that introduced the 'Bac¬ 


chanalia in Greece , called by fome for that caufe 

Sacra Orphic a, Horace in Arte Paet. tells us, 


cd by herbs c hanalia in Gn 
and roots. c ' ^ „ . . 

It i. raid, that s f r *. 0 r P kca - 

he, prophecicd that, 

of the Worlds 

continuance. Sxlveflres hon 

fix,a C J u & t 

ctffaoit macbi- 7. 

na mimdi. dittos ab hoc 


Sylveflres homines facer interprefq j Deorum 
Cfidibus & vittufado deterruit Orpheus : 
Dittos ab hoc lenire Tigres, rabidofque leones 

Dittos, &c . 


He was the firlt that in Thracia caufed men to 
live underLaws and Government,and called them 
from their rude and beaftly life, to a more gentle 
and civilized. 


CHAP. VI. 


Of JASON andthe ARGONAUTS. 


, . r r • 

* 9 

P Elias, King of Thejfaly , was careful to 

train up jafon his Nephew in his fight from 
his Infancy.,, beoaufe he had taken notice in him 


p 


of an 


courage, 


which had caft 


feme jealoufie and fufpition of him into his mind. 
When therefore he came to Age, he fought hovtf 
he might be delivered of him, and of his appre* 
henfions together *, for that caufe he fent him to 
the Ccncjueft'ofthe Golden Fleece, as to an Bn* 

terprife 


• 



I k* * ■ ' 

f . 






: i 


. 6 . 


* 

Demi-Gods." 


S ) y) ~ 

1 I 


terprife from which he could never, according to 

Ills judgment, 4 return alive. 

• 'We have already mentioned how tha 7 
King of Colthos, had got this Treafure into his 
pofleflion, and laid it up fafe in a Wood eonfe- 
erated to Mars, appointing for a Guard certain 
ftrange - Bulls, that had Feet of Brafs, and that 
did caft put of their Noftrils fearful flames of fire 0 

He appointed alfo a dreadful Dragon, of a pro¬ 
digious bignefs, accompanied with armed men, 
who fprung up from the teeth of this Dragon, that 
had been fown in the ground. 


Jafc 


order to this Expedition, commaii 


ded a brave Ship to be built by one named Argus, 
from him it was called fatidica rates Argo y the 

Wood of it had been cut out of the Foreft of 
Dodone , whereof the Trees were wont to give 
Grades; therefore this Ship did retain the facul¬ 


ty of fpeaking 
heard. 


And in this Voyage it was often 


A great number of the moft Illuftrious Wor- They were fa 
thies of Greece went abroad to accompany Jafon , number 54. 
and fhare with him in the Glory of this Un¬ 


dertaking 


they named themfelves Argonauts. See Val.Vluc 


Hercules was * one alfo 
Vollux , Orpheus , Tiphvs , 


Theft 


Caft or and 


Orpheus , Tiphys , Lynceus, and a great 


many more 


Tiphy 


did govern the Helm 


Lynceus, who had excellent Eyes, was imployed Ljneeo psrfpi• 


difeover the Banks of Sand, and the dan 




Rocks hid pnder water ^ mv wjv* w.v, 

might decline them. Orpheus with his Mufick s 
did pleafantly remove from them the tedioufnefs, 
and moderate the grievances-of the Voyage j 
only the company of Hercules was troublefome, 
for he was fo heavy, that the Veflel was fome- 


the end that they 5“‘ c . k 


v‘0 


T. 


L 3 


times 


/ 


V 


1 




• i*' 






'' .T: 









f » 


4 


1 66 

Hercules 


Clje 5>tdoip of tljp 


Book lit 


times ready to fink, and Jie fpenta prodigioq? 
quantity of Victuals, befides he did frequently 
break his Oars; but there, happened a'misfor¬ 
tune that delivered them from the inconveniences 


of his company 


He had brought with him a 


hylas was the ypung Bjoy, whom he loved, called Hylas \ wheiji 

'dm ts "from Ship was run afaore, he fent him 

whoU« t0 feek fome frelh water to appeafe his violent 
ftole an Oxe thirft, but the Lad fell into a Fountain, where 

m 9 s • A * •/» . *' - 


m the Ifle of he was drawing water 


Rhodes* 

Val. Flacc ♦ in 
Argonaut. 


This gave occafion tq 


the Fable, that; the Nymphs had ltoln him away, 


At this 


Hercules c h 


the com¬ 


pany and the Snip to feek him out. From hence it 
is that the People of that Countrey eftablilhec) 
Feftivals to be kept every year, during which, 
they were wont to wander about the Mountain?, 

often calling for HyLu. 

Thefe ^rgonmts met with fome misfortune? 
in this Expedition, and feveral difficult paIFages, 

Old Verms They were to go between the Smplegades^ that 

thcn J- are otherwife called the Cyanean Rocks, fituate 
die SimpUga* beyond the Thracian < Bofphoruj, ) at the Entrance 
dean Rocks, in of the Black or the Buxine Sea. They did 

~ ¥ 4 4 * 


* ^ ' • A 

requital for his feem to joyn afar off, and open when they wer$ 
fromthe 106 corH * n § t0 ^he paflage.At laft/they arrived in 

fecution of the Colehos • 

Barpyes. Apol - From his firffc arrival Jafon contracted friend- 


Harpyes. Apol- From his fir It arrival Jafon contraded friend- 
lod. This Au- fhip with thePrincefs ‘Medea, the Kings Daugh¬ 
ter relates, ter, who was an expert Magician . She, for his 

rnffed^he gob fake > caufed a deep fleep to fai j upon all the 

den Fleece to Jafon, if hq, could but overcome the two Bulls that had 
Hoots of Brafs. Medea inflrpded Jafon , and taught him the*hieans of over¬ 
coming this, and all other difficulties \ and /hewed him befides the Gol¬ 
den Fleece, which (A.Us was not willing to deliver, notwithfianding his 
piomifc. . .. 


Mon Hers 


/ 




y' 


Ch. 6. 


> 

ipeat&ttt t)emi-Goc& 


/ r / 


- 1 * '1 

* V 


A . f 


w 

I 


- * 


n fled away with -Medea, whom he 
but being purfued by JEtes her Fa- 
nt in nieces »Abf\rthus her little Bro- 


# 

v f 


' ‘ f 


* t , . % * * . ' 

* * 4 

- - J • . V 


Monfters that did keep the Golden Fleece by her 

devillifh Enchantments •, fo that Jafon ted by ...... 

that means the liberty to take it. Immediately 
after, Jafon fled away with Medea, whom he 
married, but being purfued by JEtes her Fa- ...... 

ther, '(he cut in pieces aAbfyrthw her little Bro- - 
ther, whom- Ihe had brought with her, difper- 
fing and leaving his Members at a diftahee in the 
way, that his Father might hufie himfelf in ga¬ 
thering them up, and give them more leifure to 

CxCflpC. v . - f r *, 

When they were come back as far as Thejfaly, A vtimS 
Medea undertook to cure her Father-in-law JE- 
fon of his old Age. By the virtue of her Magick ^V yr J. 


•' 4 




1 I 


v /- v 


i 


Art (he reftored unto him his youthful appearance ^ 
and ftrength. And that ihe might take ven¬ 
geance of the hatred that Telias did bear unto 
them, (he perfwaded his Daughters to try the 
fame experiment upon him, for he was extreme 


<piA0|/ KODW 

€ /j $ ' 

tiuooyrat yn* 


J 


old and decrepit 


According to her dire&ions 


J 7 


they cut him to pieces, and boiled them in a 
Kettle with certain Herbs, which Hie had deli¬ 
vered unto them. But thefe wretched Daughters, 
feeing it impoflible to recover their Father again 

by that means,were mightily afflided and grieved, 

that they had been fo abfurd as to murder him upon 
fuch unlikely hopes. 

AU this time Medea did live with Jafon in a 


* . 


perfedt amity and coi 
by him two Children 


refpondence, having had 

But at la ft, when Jafon Eurip . in Ms 

_ ^ * ft y J 


arrived at Corinth , in the Court of King Creon, 4** 
he fell in love with thePrincefs Creufa his Daugh¬ 
ter, whom he married, forgetting the qbliga- 




and favour 


which he had received from 


Medea 


\ 


L 4 


She 


v. 




'I. 




r^i r * T 


v* 


168 C&e of t&e Book IL 

/ ^ 

She was refolved to.revenge her felfj there¬ 
fore* djfljeinbling her. diflatisfad;io$V’lhe feem’d 
''Ommv m tv- to approve of the Match, and fent aBox full of 
t*vvot ctfllw jewels, and of precious things to the Bride, as 

VvJmlwLF a Token of her love *, but it was all bewitch’d in 
fjtdmu vff (wv fuch a manner, that when it was opened, a ftrange 
V 7 TQ. Eurtp. flame burft out of it, which confumed fuddenlv 


/ 




Cfce OMflJP ®f tje 


vtto. Eurtp. flame burft out of it, which confumed fuddenly 
3n Medea. the King’s Palace to allies, with the Bride, and her 

aged Father in it. 

Jafon in his fury went to feek tJMedea to be 
'Momoms and revenged of her for this cruelty. She waited for 
Tbtrittsthc him on the top of a high Tower, from whence 

XSST reproach’d him with his ingratitude, and 


him on the topofa high Tower, from whence 
Che reproach’d him with his ingratitude, and 


Zhe (Talus h er before his eyes malfacredtwo Children that Ihe 

. _ J 1 r * i n* _ i_ * „ _ i 


other Son e- had by him. 


She then took her flight towards 


leaped. He Athens, being fupported by two ftrong and fear- 


icigned in 


fill Dragons in the Air. 


When Ihe was arrived in 


M ff f" 1 X V* JL A. U^ViiU JU1 VUV 1JU»« V V A IViJl 41IV UA A- A V V V4 All 

gave his name that City, Ihe became the Wife of King v£getts, 
to the Coun- by whom Ihe had Medns. But when Ihe ventured 
trey. to poyfon Thefens, Ihe was forced toflye away 

Si] u am of a f or her life with her Son Medus , and to retreat 

gemm cotta. • _ + a* c. _u:~ j- 


ftrpentis jugo i nt0 t ^ iat P art °f 4 fi a called from him Media. 

fummiffa prabent. Recipe jam natos parens i ego inter auras alibi cnrru ve¬ 
to ar : Med. in Senec. 


Additional ISFote. 


In this laft Chapter, the moft noted perfons are 

Medea, Jafon , the Argonauts , and Creon , of whom 

the Poets relate thefe following Stories. 

Medea was a famous Inchantrefs^ the Daugh- 
Eunp. in Mid. ter G f ^ ta and jjyja or, as Ovid names her, 


Mother- of Ipfea : She was the Grand-Child cf 

So/:She was tutored and made acquainted with the 

Secrets of her deviililh Art by Hecate , who taught 

her 


• - A 

4 


% 




Ch- 6 


* * / 

• 4 

♦ , , 

t)eatt)£n Demi Gods 


IS 




I 


'!•*«- / r 


r 


her how to perform wonderful things by herSpelts 


and Enchantments 


She was able to tranfport 


Woods from one place to another, to caufe the cur- 
rent of the Rivers to turn back towards their 

fource, to bringdown the Moon, and the other 

Stars upon the Earth, and to give life to the 


give 


life to the 


^ The Expedition of the Argonauts , and her affe- 
&ion for Jafon, rendered her famous, or rather 

infamous; for his fake Ihe confented to betray her v ImmfiB- 

Father’s and Countries Intereft •, by her means he 
feized upon the Golden Fleece, and when JEe a Et tihi qua Yi 
intended to revenge himfelf of the Argonauts by ^ fls ve u lrt 
their deaths, in a Banquet unto which they were M 

all invited, Medea difcovered the Plot to Jafon, dea Ja(om 

who thought it high time to fad away with his 

Prize and Medea. Before her departure die com¬ 
mitted a moft inhumane Aft, in kdhng her only 
Brother, and catting his Members in the way for 

her Father to gather up. Jupiter was mightily 


peres 


gather up 


Jupiter was mightily 


incenfed for this barbarous deed, and therefore he 
fent moft cruel tempefts to entertain the Argonaut s y 

the caufers of it in their return home. The violent 
ftorms carried them out of their way into the Me¬ 
diterranean, where their prating Ship ^o,adviied 
them to feek Circe ,and caufe her to make an attone- 
ment for the Blood of Abfyrm , than Jupiter 


V. 


might be appeafed, which accordingly they did. 

She was no lefs cruel afterwards to King Velios, 
who hearing a falfe report of the mifcarnage o 
the Aroonauts , abufed the friends of Jafon , and 
treated his Kindred barbaroufly. At the return 
of the Ship into a Bay of Tbejfaly , near the City 
Jolcsu, Jafon undemanding all that had happened 
entreats bis Companions to afflft him •, but becauie 

; ;. they 


--y. C"' *i " ■*> 


■?r - • *-- • * 




ii 


z 


•* " J ^r. r . r.v»-ir-7y?': 

* • ♦ - r « 


Book If 


they were not able to encounter with a Kingdom 

Medea, undertook to puni/h Mias with her 
Enchantments. She makes a Statue of Diana. 
with it Hie lands, and haftens into the City, ha- 


ving taken the difguife of an old Woman : At 
her Entrance fhe proclaims in the ftreets, that 
ihe did bring the Image of Diana from the-Nor¬ 


thern Countries 


requiring the People 


Miracles 


with refpedt; unto her words Jfhe added 


perfwade them to believe 


So that 


when Ihe faw the King and People at her de 
votiqn, file revealed unto the Princes Daugh 


ters, 


ihe was commanded by Diana 


From hence 

the Prov. 


(lore to their Father his former youthful ftrength 
and appearance. To oblige them more eafilv to 

believe ' . " - 3 


the poflibiiicy of this action 


ihe dif- 


membred before them an old Ram, and then bv 


Ai<w * m- witchcraft turned it into a young Lamb 


H^tha/'kuif' bein 8 thus perfwaded to try the fame Expert- 
with an inten- tJlenc upon their Father, kill’d him, and by that 
tion to cure, weans pumlh’d him for his cruelty, and gave 
Quid nfiram an opportunity to the Argonauts to feize upon 

tht'ft, n ll 7 ,n - th 5 empty Throne. Acaftta, the Son of Pelias, 
tts, Crfaq\ vir- re *S ned in his {lead; but his wretched Daugh- 

gine/l mtmbra. f ers were married to the Argonauts } Admetus 
fittrru mnu. took Alcefte, who only had not confented to 


They 


piitate 


’faq 


an opportunity to t 
the empty Throne, 
reigned in his Read 


the 


Quid refirai 
PelisE natas 


gineii mtmbra. were married to the Ara 

. _ i a t n * - - O 


faterna 

Ovid. , 

dea. 


took Ale eft 


the 

phk 


who only had 


ley committed upon her Father, Am- 
was married to Andramon , Afte- 
1 Ant owe were given to other Huf- 


Conjux foctYi 
prifta jam j 


rope a and Ant owe 
bands. After rhi 


* j 

(Ik babtnt a ms Ja 


Jafi 


fspulti, 
Med. ad 
in Space. 


Jafon g ox 


ged 


After this Medea lived quietly with 

until he became enamoured with Cren • 
Gkucs *> ^ the Kings Daughter. She re- 

AfFront: for Ihe fent 


r felf of 
fome fa' 


fay a Crown, Ihut up in a Box 


the Bride, anointed with a Rrangc compound 


called 





* * • r* - 


* ** 


Ch. 6 , 


r r 


Bcatljett Demi 


/s r 


^ :r; 


- ' 


' \ ' 


/ - 

.called* 2^j»bffc«*,which as foon as 

the Air round about her became inflam d,6c burnt ca „*f othcN 

the Kings Palace about her ears. wifeMHAu** 


Medea, is fuch a powerful Compound 


’ikCUQP 


' it will fuddenly fee ill the Air round about Ur a 
f c F * P,[ M“ 2 , favs that it is made of that Sulphurous Matter or Clay 

communicates L hot nature to ail that comes near unto it. Of this ftrange 


Compound Diofc . fpeaks, lib. I. cap. 102. AnftP limns, lib. 2. cap, 

ST^Poet: Arb MHAfiifK *vf 


And 




Jb$e Kvnfa 


- ^ 


' S 


Jafi 


was 


4 

Son of Mfon and of Poly modes 


defended by his Father from. G 1 °. d f 
Winds. When the Oracle had informed his Uncle 

p<rto, : that one of hisKinfmen Ihouid put him to 

death, and that he (hould have an eye upon Jafon, 

hefought to deftroy him; but he efcaped to Chiron 

the Centaur, where he became a Student in Phy- 




-Afterwards he was fent 


the Jo loysat 


Golden Fleece, that did belong to bis Family 


Coldem Heece, • 4 is-t nn he was cal 

He, and the other Worthies otGmcc, did run Dtlmtiu 
many dangers in this Expedition:, they were to pafs r 


between mv ^, , n r 

continual motion*, they let go a Pigeon, before 

thev would venture through with their Ship, and 

although this Bird flies with a wonderful fwittneis, 

her tail wascatcht between the Rocks,neverthe- 

lefsthe wind blew them through, with little da- 

mageto their Veflei.They landed m feveral places 
by the way, and relieved Pbtnem an old Man, 

that was troubled with the Harpies > ' 0 for the two 

Children of Boreus, that were in this Expedition^ 

* 

• -• 


the Simplegade 




Rocks that are in a 


"t 




K'* 





> • *- 






i 4 ^ ^ Li *- aV 











r > 




# 

i 


€f)e ipittajp oftlje 


: i .v 


ook n. 


made them fly e away, and leave the blind Phineui 




ned 


his meat in quiet 


t 


dedicated his Ship to Nett 


W hen Jafor{ was return 


It was 


afterwards preferved many years,and the breaches 


EauChron.Dh on j 

od.l. $'.C4p.lI, ... 

Ayg. lib. 8. dt *“0 
Cft. Dei , c.26. Judg 


time made were repaired 


and the Ship of Thefe 


Noahh Ark. 


All thefe Argonauts 


«i *' ! - ^ - 

live in the days of - Othorn el and Gideon, 

ss of Jfrael, about 2500 Years after the 


World was created 


t , 


t • . t 




# * 


* * 



CHAP. VII 


I » 


• r« . ♦ ... . 

Si % • 


O/CADMUS, and of the City of THEBE S 


I ♦ 


' % 


fie vi 
build 


W Hen Jupiter ravilh’d Europa, the Daugh- 

ter of Agenor , King of the Phoenicians, 

as we have faid in the third Chapter ofthefkfc 
Book, this Prince fent his Son into many.places 
of the World to Peek her out, with a Command 
never to appear before him, until he had found 
her. But Cadmus , after many tedious Voyages, 
could never learn, what was become of fer 5 
therefore he went toconfult the Oracle of Apod 
in Delphos, to know what was belt for him to~do; 
The anfwer was, that a Cow, fome fay an Oxej 
Ihould meet him, and that he was to follow the 
directions of this Beaft, to build a Citv, and 


learn what 


where the Oxe 
did lye down, 
when it was 

o 

4 

weary of irs 

journey. 


Cl jy fettle his habitation 


He rpet the Oxe in a Pro 


vince of Greece, called from thence Boeotia . And 
that in a bufineft of fo great a concern, he might 
obtain the afliftance of Heaven, he refoived 
frit to offer the wearied Beaft in facrifice to the 


Goddels Minerva 


In order 




us 


performance, he difpatchies his Followers.to the 


A 


next 



■3 


,Ch.' 7." 

next Fountain 
thence water 5 


5>ratl)Cn Demi-Gods. /r 7 

, named Dirce , to fetch from 
but it happened that a fearful 


r 


:• J 


thence water 5 but it happened that a fearful 
Dragon furprifed them there unawares, and de- from Mam 


voured them alive. 


Minerva advifed him im- Seriphus 


mediately- to deftroy this Dragon, and to fow and d« 7 /m, 
the Teeth of his Head in the Earth, which when ^e SmmacS 


Uic iccuivniw “wom — V r 1 Cadmus Till 

he had done, feveral Companies of armed men this 

fprang up out of this feed , but they could not Dragon was i 
fuffer one another to live, therefore they de- famous Rob- 


another 


ftroyed themfelves, only five were remaining, her. 
that offered their afliftance to Cadmus, in buil- _ - _ 
ding a City to dwell in, and furnilhing it with 

Inhabitants. This City was Thebes, where he ££ 
reigned many years, and left many Children, ne{ j h er f e if j n 

w . 1 • « _ r -n . J. . . A 1 /V f „ /V j_ 


ino Setnele the Mother of Bacchus, 2nd Ag 


defpair.Others 


who being tranfported with fury in the company add Anrnot 
of the Menades , kill’d her own Son Penthem, that ^ of T ^ ‘ 

had by his fpeech difeovered a diflike of the mad mu 

Ceremonies of this God. ri1 . 

Cadmus did live to fee all his Pofterity fail into The Oracle _ 
extreme mifery, and himfelf and Wife bamflied , j^cSey 

into Jllvria . or Sclavonia , where, according to ^raitt 


their 


iiyrt 

defi 


or 


they were changed into Serpents > t he Viftory 


For Amphion forced them out of their own City, againft their 
and built the Walls of it by the harmony of his 
Lute, as we have already faid in the fifth Cha- theif 
pter; but was afterwards kill d by Diana tor his j$y t h at means 
incondderate fpeeches of her, and of her Bro- he reigned iii 


:r Apollo. 

But l think it will not be ariiifs if we take n ch 
:e here, that there have been feveral Cities of 
Thbes, one in Cilicia , where Andromede the 

r ife of Hetior was born, which was fack’d by 


ll ly n a 


one m 


Wife of Hettor was born, which was lack'd by 
the Greeks when they match’d to the Siege of 
Troy .. There was another in Egypt, the largeft 






V 


lib 


f 1 

! j 

m: 

ifi I 

ill 

\w 


! >* 

•1 > 

: H 1 

i i!! 


! ‘ 


! 

1 1 


K 1 

f! 

11 '! 
i Ij I 


1*1 • 




i : 


! ' 


'? • 

; • 



I i 


» ■' * 


* \ > 

r • i 


•; \ *■» ? r -■ rw 


;»v .« • »,' « WTY4 


*74 


Cfte £flfou> df tfie 


Bo 


!C r - 

*- 


i ^ . 


of that Name, it had an hundred Gates'; from 
it that fruitful! and renowned Province Thebaic 
was focalled, which hath been the retreat of fo 


many Religi 


Anachorets 


that have built 


there their Covents 
ftianity. 


the firft Ages of Chri 


Epminqndas 


But Thebes in Bosotia was the molt famous of 
all thefe Cities, not only becaufe of the grievous 
Wars that it fuffered, and the great Captains that 
it furnifhed to Greece , fuch as were Epaminondas , 


was a Scholar and Pelopidas 

of Pythagoras. God Bacchus 
y * cg 'Prince of the 

ilDl O* • i 


but alfo becaufe the drunken 


Hercules 


and Pindar us, the 
were born in it. It 


Ub 8 Prince of the Lynch Poets, were born in it. It 

is. reported of the laft, that the Bees did progno¬ 
sticate and fignifie, what he fhould one day be; 
for whilft he was yet in the Cradle, they pitch’d 
^ . upon his lips, and there laid up their honey; and 

buik by Alex- t ] le Nymphs of the Neigbourhood, 

andtrh com- kept 3 Feftival on the day that he came into 


came 


mand, for the the World 


Alexander the Great did mightily 


w tSf * 8 ^ at bonour i f° r when he commanded all the 

hadbeenthrice Cit y t0 be deftr °y ed with Fire and Sword, he 
crowned at £ ave an exprefs Order to his Souldiers, that they 

the Olympic £ Ihould fpare the houfe of Pindarus , with all his 


Games. 


Relations 


Additional Note. 


Hlpian. 


% Cadmus, and moft of the famous Men of An¬ 
tiquity, cannot much glory in a Noble Pedigree 
If the truth were known, he was but the Cook 
of Agenor , Ring of Tyre or Si don ; he rar 


King of Ty 


or Sidon 


he ran 


away trom his- Prince lor no good deed with 
Harmonist a noted Strumpet, yea he was lb happy 
as to have laid the Foundations of the City of 


Thebes 


hav 


“V 


Here 






0 








7 




Herodotus faith, that he brought fixteen Let- The Grt/£ 
into Greece, and taught the People the Art 
of Writing. Some fay, that Pemheus , the Son of 
Agave and of Echio his Grand-child^ kill d rat, and 
afterwards by his furious Mother, fucceeded him ^t^ rfo/. 
In his Kingdom. ..... _ 


h -7 


IKat&en Demi-Gods. 


) ry 


•'Vv . > 


*•% r 




' - t - • ^ V1.‘ r * * 

W - V »- ♦- ; « 

-• l y V 


'* ♦ 


: r ;? 


A 


and 


of Echion , his 


Grand-child- kill’d 




luma ^ b 9 VWnrir 

The Poets make Enropa his Sifter, Thajfus his ™ 
Brother. Cijix, from whom Cilicia borrows the 
Rame, and Phanix r who hath called a Province 
of Afia, Phoenicia , were his other Brethren, E- 
Uttra and Taygete his other Sifters, by feveral 
Mothers. Europa was the moft remarkable of r’ 
them, for her extraordinary beauty, which caufed 


Jup 


fend feme of his Subiedsto fteal her 


away. They took her and carried her on board 


Ship, where 


Bulls Image was placed in the rote 


Stern, which caufed the Fable of Europe ?s being %**?*}* 0 ** 
faviih’d by a Bull. Her ffflifted Father fent his gf * 
Sons Thajfus and Cadmus after her but to little 
purpofe ; for when they could not find her, they 
fettled themfelves, and built each of them a City, 

Thajfus in ail Ifle of the 

/». • The Phoenicians * to comfort 


mus in Greece 


T he Phoenicians 




* 


their difconfolate Prince, invented and promoted 
the Fable ot Europe s being carried away by Ju¬ 
piter \ therefore they reckoned her amongft the 
Goddelfes, and appointed Sacrifices and Altars to 
her,caufing Money to be,ftamp’d in honour of her. 
On one fide whereof was Europa fitting upon a 

white Bull 


The City of Thebes was famous in Greece , 
but never fo much as when Epaminondas the 

great Warriour and Philofopher overcame the 

Lacedemonians. Pindarus was a Citizen of 

* • • 

this place, he was much refpeded for his Poe¬ 
tical 


1 




a 


t 


and 


After hlsdeacTi tiCal Art. The Oracle enrich’d himfopit, and 

hi^ SacceHors : commanded, that a half part of the gift&dediicated 
pLrdon°oraU- co Apollo, ihould be prefented to him,becaufe&e 

the gifts ofkn did fing and compofefo many excellent Hymnsfe 
red to Apollo in honour of that God,and of theothers. The Bees, 

mlpkos. Some when he was yet a Child, fleeping in theopen Air, 
Z a'child P°“ re ^ f ort h u pon his lips their delightful honey, 

cad away in The » ame th mg is reported of 1 Hatty as it is faid 
the Woodsy of Midas, that when he was yet in his Cradle, the 


the Woodsy 

and that he Ants carried into his mouth feveral grains of 
by Honey rl in- d Wheat * Thcfe paffages were Prognofticks of that 

ftead of Milk. ^ ture fplendour and fame of thefe men in that 

kind of life, which they did embrace. 


Ants carried 


CHAP. VIII. 




Of OEDIPUS. 


L Aius King of Thebes having efpoufed Jocafi^ 

the Daughter of Creon , underftood from 
the Oracle, that he was to dye by the hand of 
one that ihould proceed out of this Marriage, 


that ihould proceed 


therefore he commanded Joe aft a his Queen 




deftroy 


her Children 


When Oedipus 


born, his Mother was loth to commit fo horrid 
a cruelty upon the Babe with her own hand?* 
therefore he was delivered to a Souldier to be by 
him itrangled. But he alfo was moved with com 1 
paflion for the poor Infant, and'could not have 
the courage to difpatch him, or to fee him em¬ 
pire •, for that reafon he pierced his feet, and 


pire *, tor that reafon he pierced his feet, ana 
tyed him up to a Tree growing upon Mount 
Cytherm , that he might dye there in that mifera- 

ble condition. But it happened that ‘Phabd, 


But 



0 00 


9 


I 


.1- 




8 


Demi-Gods 


/ 


. I 


of the Shepherds of Polybius Ring of Co- 
, came immediately after bv that way, and 


*77 






irimhy came immediately after by that way, and 
feeing in what danger the Infant was of its life, he 


. a 


took him down 


and becatife he was very beau 


tiful, he prefented it to the Queen his Miftrefs 
who was Childlefs. She received him with affe 
ftion, brought him up, and caufed him to be 

He was 


i 


treated 


if he had been her own. 


named Oedipus , becaufe of the fwelling in his 
Feet* proceeding from the Holes made in 
them by the Souldier of Lotus *, for in Greece 
this Word fignifies one, that hath a fwelling in 

his Feet. 


When he came 


the age of underftanding 


he perceived his miftake, of being the Son of 
Polybius, and therefore he went to confult the 


Oracle, to know who ,was his Father 
ceived this anfwer, that 
the Province of Vhocis . 


He 


ie fhould find him in 
When he was come 


thither he happened to be in a feditious tumult Q if! - itorifn t 
of the people, where King Lotus wasalfo arrived or tus, impii 
to appeafethe diforder* without knowing him for pAviudt. 
his Father, he killed him by rKanrp iw nmr Kp. Oedio. in St 


4 * 


dip. in Sell* 


ing fufpe&ed for the Author of this Murder* he 
went to dwell at Thebes . 

At that time Juno , the fworn Enemy of the 


Theb. 


City, had brought forth 


Monfter, and fent 


to a place not far off \ it was named Sphinx \ the 
face and voice was like a Girls, the body like a 
Dog, the tail like a Dragons, and tne claws like 




Dog, tl 
a Lions 
every c 


with great wings upon the back. To 

ba by, it propofed aenig- 
and if they gave not a 

did devour them without 


matical Qucftions 
prefent folution, i 
mercy ^ fo that the ( 


that paffed by 


% r 


M 


faken 




4 


% 


J 


* 


vy; 











*78 


C&e JSMffojp of tit 


• t r * 


Book II 


faken, and no body did dare to venture 


the City 


The Oracle did then declare, that 


the only way to be delivered from this Tyranny 
was to give the right meaning to this Riddle of 

the Sphnx ; Which was the Creature that in 


’as the Creature that 


m 


the 

V -i ~ 1 ~ * 

and in the evening on three. Creon, who fuc- 

ceeded Latins in the Throne,caufed it to be pro¬ 
claimed ail over Greece , that he would quit his 
Claim to the Crown, and give Jocafta , the Wi¬ 
dow of Latins , in Marriage to one that would 
refolve this Queftion which Oedipus did } for 
lie brought the true fenfe of t\\ctAmgma i telling 
them that it was Man, who in his Youth did go 
upon four feet, as the Beafts, that is, upon his 


ihorntng did Walloon four ft 
in the evening on three. 


hands and feet 


but when he did arrive to an 


Age of ftrength, he did march upon two only, 
without any other fupport and when old Age 
did feize upon him, he was forced to make ufe 
of a ftick, in Read of a third foot, to help him 


Davus fiim 
non Oedipus. 
Ttrent. one of 
an ordinary 
capacity. 


O cA 
ret KK&V 
ahiiyfjLetj 3 >T 


r®- tw dti 

SophoeJ. in 
Oedip. 


of a ftick, in ftead of a third foot, to help him 

to go. 

When the Monfter faw the Riddle refolved, 

it was fo much enraged, that in a furious manner 
it dafliM out its brains againft a Rock, and thus 
delivered the Countrey from much fear and 
danger. 

Oedipus was raifed to the Throne in reward pf 
this good fervice, and was married to Jocafta , 
whom, he knew not to be his Mother. Of her he 

fi \ f ^ 

% i&V m had two Sons, Eteocles and Polynices . with two 


Daughters, Antigone and If mene . 

Near about this time,the Gods fent a moft grie¬ 
vous Plaguenmongft the Thebans , topunifh therti 
for the murder Pf Laius ^ and as the Oracle did 
declare, it W2s never to ceafe, until he, that was 


*•« 


; 8 . 


OeatBett Demi-Gods.' 


/ / 
t 

o 


n 


( , 


*79 


guilty ofhis blood was baniflied out of the City, 

which caufed a diligent feardi to be made,fo that 
by the Art of Negromancy it was known that 

Oedipus was the Man. 

When he came to underftand the truth of all 
that had happened, and how by chance he was 

married to his own Mother, he was fo inwardly 

grieved, that he plucked oiit his eyes, and con¬ 
demned himfelf to fuffer a perpetual banilhment, 
leaving the Kingdom to the difpofal of Eteocles 
and Polynices , his two Sons; 

J j i • t *rJr 


Cadmus 


Additional Note. 
firft Founder of Thebes , begot 


Polydorus of his Wife Harmonia , Polydorns be¬ 
got Lahdacns-i and Labdacusj Laius , the Father 

O _ m ■— i• » -t n • . « 1 m 


of Oedipus 


This laft committed unwittingly 


two grievous Crimes, he killed his Father, and 

then efpoufed hisMother,which when they under- 
ftood they punilhM themfelves. Jocafia chofe a 
voluntary death, rather than to furvive the know¬ 
ledge of fuch foul miftakes, whereof fhe and her 

Son were guilty, and Oedipus departed into ba¬ 
nilhment. Some fay, that his cruel Sons caft him 
out of the City, and would never allow him any 
thing for his maintenance, which caufed him to 1 

curfethem,and defire that they might be the caufes a Pror. 

of their own deaths. When he was dead,the The- 
bans would never afford him a place to be buried in cu Jf es of a Su . 
fo that they fay his body was fwallowed up by an p er iour. 
Earthquake. This Oedipus was a witty man. 


This Oedipus was a witty man 


1 


as may appear by his difeovery of the meaning of Ego ipfe } ftfU 
the Sphinx* s Riddle. Some reporj, that this w 

Sphinx was a Robber, and that the ambages ofhis J^oedip!’ 


Riddle were the windings and turnings of a Rocky $enec 
Mountain, where he had feated himfelf to rob the baide, 


The 



M 2 


Paf* 


4 




C&e of tftc Book it 

Paflengers, that went to and fro near Thebes. 

T he qualities of divers Creatures are imployed to 

deferibe his difpofirion. 

It was his cuftom to propound a Riddle, to 
mafiacre thofe that could not tell the fenfe ofit, & 
to let the others pafs that did fatisfie hisQueftions. 
The Poets fay, that this Monfter was the Daugh¬ 
ter of Echidna and Typhon. ' 

After the banilhment of Oedipus,* his two Sons 
fell into mortal hatred *, and according to his de¬ 
fire they killed one another, as we /hall fee in 4 the 
following Chapter. 


CHAP. IX. 

Of the War againfl the City of T H E B E S. 

I 

T His famous War is the Subject, upon which 

the Wits of many ancient Poets have exer- 
cifed themfelves. Statius amongft the Latins 
hath compofed twelve Books of it *, and Anti - 
mchns amongft the Greeks, in the time of <?/*- 
to y publilhM four and twenty Books only of the 
Preparations of this renowned Siege; whereof 

this was the Caufe. 

♦ 

Eteocles and Polynices>A he two Sons of Oedi¬ 
pus^ did judge it expedient, not to part or divide 
their little Kingdom, for fear of weakening it, 
but to fucceed one another in the Government, 
and to rule each of them a year. Eteocles the 
Eldeft did reign his year *, but when it was ex¬ 
pired, he would not yield the Scepter and Power 
out of his hands. Therefore Tolynices refolved 
to force him by a Siege, and to right himfelfby 

the 




V 


eh. 9 


H)eat{jert Demi-Gods 


/A 






i8x 


the power of his Sword. For that intent he begs 


the ' affiftance of Adrafttts 


King of Arg 


whofe Daughter he had'made his Wife. Ac¬ 
cording to his requeft, this King came with a 

powerful Army, compofed of his own Subjects, 
and of the Auxiliaries of his Friends and Neigh- 

bour Princes. . ■ 

The Thebans for their part did prepare to rirefi I tichr. 

receive them, being encouraged by the Predial- 
ons of T,refits the Southfayer, who promifed 
unto them a happy fuccefs and end or this War, g ono f Events, 

if Meneceus the Son of Creon , and the laft or a shepherd of 
the Race of Cadmus, would facrifice himfelf for Mount Jjllt- 
his Native Countrey. This, condition was very g* ^ had 

grievous and irkfom, efpecially to Creon, who ma ^ an( j a 
would never give confent. Nevertheleis this W oman: Juns 
young Prince efcaped out of the City with a punifhed him 
nakeefSword in his hand,, and in the fight of all 
the People, that beheld him from the Walls, he fecrec which 

thruft it into his bowels and died. Immediately vvornen on jy 

after the Thebans made feveral ftout Sallies upon can tell; but 
the Enemies, in which they were fo happy, that 
they deftroyed all the noted Captains, Adrafhis a ^ timcg 
only excepted, and totally routed the reft of the j onecr t ha» 


Army 


longer thaw 

ordinary.Read 


At firft Hmomedon, one of the chief of the 
lemies* was wounded to death. It is faid of 0 


Enemies, was wounded to death. ... ~- F 

him, in Euripides the Poet, that he had an ap¬ 
pearance of a Gyant; in his Buckler was the 
Image of Argus, full of Eyes *, the very fight 
of him was dreadful to the beholders. Farther 


fight 

arthe * 


nopetss 


was 


ft 

lefs unfortunate, for he fell down 


dead foon after Hippomedon. Of this Warriour 
it is reported, that he had the Genius and c P ur ^* 
gious humour of his Mother Atalantay a Prjncefs 


M 


of 






• +* 


iS 


of Argo 


Jpiffo# of t&e 


Book II 


who became famous for her dexterity 


of him is the in the ufe of the Bow and Arrows, and 


Proverb, 


ning a Race 


« • * 


She was of that noble difpofit 


never to marry any but a Wor- 
becfufche was tb Y 0 f tba f A g e V that could overcome her in 

fo cruel to his thefe Martial Exercifes, which Hiyyomenes did. 
Daughter, as But becaufe they did afterwards both lofe that 

^ h L C . h r they 0wec ! “OWr.the y were 

a Horfe for b Y tbls Godd efs changed into a Lion and a 

not preferving Lionefs. 

her chaflity. Tydeus was alfo kill’d in this War, He was a 

Viogen. man of low ftstnre. hot vpru ft- rnner o.nr! xrolionf 


Tydeus was alfo kill’d 


this War, He was 


man of low ftature, but very ftrong and 


he made 


appear in many brave Encounters 


Mecs) 


for when he was fent in Embalfie to Eteocles> 
to treat with him concerning the Pretenfions and 
Right of Polytiices, and when he perceived how 
his Negotiation would prove ineffectual, he 
challenged all the Court of Thebes , before his 
departure, at any kind of fight, and overcame 
every one that appeared againft him. Therefore 
fifty of the moft valiant Lords agreed together to 
lay for him an Ambufcado in his return to the 
Camp, but he was fo fuccefsful as to overpower 
them all} of whom he only fpared one alive to 


* \ 


them all} of who 

fend to Eteocles , t 

of his Comrades 
wounded with ar 


the 


Mefienger of the death 


At laft he was mortally 
Arrow, but Amphiaraus was 


fo concerned for him, that he purfued his Ene¬ 
my, cut off his head, and gave it to him to handle 
before he died. It it faid, that he did treat it in a 
moft inhumane manner, for he tore off the skin 
with his teeth,and fuck’d out the brains, which in 
his rage he fwallpwed. 

This Action was fo difpleafing to Minerva , 

that file would not afterwards immortalize his 

^ # ^ # • . * * , * • • ' 

Name 




I 


*. T 


Ch. 9 


Oeat&en Demi-Gods 


/A 


L) 




« 

Name, as fhe had promifed to him, but conferred 

this honour upon his Son Diomede s. , 

Capeneus was alfo in the Army of Polyntces. 

fhilokratus tells us, that he was of a prodigious 

bianefs, and that he had fo much confidence m 
himfelf, that he was wont to boaft that he feared 
no ' more the Thunderbolts of Jupiter, than the 
hot Beams of the Noon-fun, and that maugre 
Jupiter he would take the City. But a Thunder¬ 
clap ftop’d his blafpheming Tongue, and beat him 

*£*£««, the Soutlifayer, one of the Com- 
maflders in the Army, did iorefee that he mould 
end his days in this Siege •, therefore he hid him- 
felf, for fear of being forced to go to the Wai. 
But his Wife, difeovered and betrayed him to 
Adraftus, who obliged him to accompany the 


AdraftMy who obliged him to accompany th< 

Army. He was kill’d in a very ftrange manner 

as he was flying from Thebes, in his return home 

wards, he was fwallowed up by the Earth alive, 
' * - « 1 • 


and afterwards reckoned 


the number of the 


Gods, and the power of giving Oracles was 
aferibed to him. They were for a time the molt 

noted of all Greece. At laft the two Brothers, 


Eteocles and Pdynices, agreed to end their dif. 
ferences in a (ingle Duel, where they both feu 


dead to the Ground. But Death was not able to 

put an end to their hatred, for the Furies did 
haunt the place where they were buried by An- 


l8 3 




■s 


The Thebans 

A k * 


tigone their Sifter,and when a Pomegranate-Tree a f ter ^ 


had been planted there 


did yield frequently a 0 Vy,>ik 




si ifjLifftf. viuwch. Statius. F 
implacable hatreds or difeords 


Temple 
hence the Proverb 1 


S 


M 4 


f - 


drops 


r 


s 






« 




«i 

i: 

H . 


; 


I 4 

'rl » 


r» : 


«r 

i< 

t ■ 


t$4 


tt&e jtfffow at t&e 


Book II; 


drops of blood, which did declare how their 


inity was become immortal 

ported, that the Flames of the Pile of Wood,"in 

i were burning together, did 


Befides 


divide and fep 


two Pillars at the top, 


and by no means could be brought t 6 reunite. 

Additional Note . 

The City of Thebes had feven Gates, and ii 
the Army of Polynices were feven chief Com 


manders. who 


to 


v-rie r. 


Tragedies 


Gate, a$ Euripides 


approaches every 


of his 


apfgetf e&iroUf paw, to( iiwtr iyd 

•• I • 

Eayav (LvdaseiV,, irfd nryffK&oirout orvAowj* ' 

N . 

- w - ■ .The City was thus divided between the Chief- 

caBraThtbws * ains .*’ ? ar the nope us was to aifault the Gate called 
pnmunt. Sen. Neitis, *AmphUra.tis the other named Proem, at 

inThcb.Aft.2. the Gate of O.gyges was appointed Hippomedon, 


The Crenean 
Gate was fir- 

named v*Lf$y, 
where there 


Tydeus was feated 


the Gate Homolois, Poly 


dedicated to thenop 

*9 ti _ i 


nices was at the other called Crenea, Capaneus did 

march againft the EleVtrian Gate, and Adraftus 
Temple was at the other named tJah. Par- 


was the Son of that warlike Prin'cefs of 


Argos, Atalanta , the Daughter of Sc havens, or 
moft high god. Cen eas:Shc was the fwifteft Runner of her time, 
Paufantas apd an( ^ mo & dexterous in ufing Bow and Arrows i 
Plutarch. She was the firft that ventured to encounter with 

* i • # * 

the great Calydonian Boar, already mentioned. 
Hippomems , her humble Servant, found a fubtil 
nv ans ta out-run her. The Goddefs Venus had 
bellowed upon him fome of the Golden Apples of 
the Garden of Hefpcrides, which he caft in the 

m 


’• f 


u .* _>! V \i. - 





Ch. 9 


foeat&ett Demi-Gods. 




' 4 £ 

4r> 'A 


/ 


»8 f 


way when they wereboth in the Race. Thelovely 

•mnearance of this fruit caufed her to neglect her 

oourfe, and gather them up, wMbHippomenef 
went on and reach’d the Goal before her. By this 
Race he won her for his Wife •, but becaufe he did 
not repay to Venus thanks for fo great a benefit re- 
C e', V ed, Ihe caufed him to forget htmfelf fo much 
as to defile the Temple of Cybele with the enjoy¬ 
ment of his Miftrefs. For which offence he was 
turned into a Lion, and Ihe into a Lionefs,.and 
were coupled together to draw the Chariot of this 

G clf; w was a noted Man in this Siege for his 

LopancHs _ . p and true 


imnietv, ’ as Tydeus was for his courage and true 
valour. The latter was the Son of Oeneus , King 
of Calydonia , and the Father of that 

who wounded Venus and Mars at the SicgeofTi-oy. 
When this Tydeus had unfortunatel y kill’d his 

- ^ ^ tl 


Brother Menalippsts 


he departed to Argos to 


Adraftus the King, who received with him all ex- 
preffions of kindnefs, and bellowed upon h™ 
Oephile bis Daughter in Marriage, as he had given 


his other named Agia to Poly 


In the Siege 


of Thebes, Tydeus did mightily encourage the 
reft i but an obfeure Fellow named Menalippusy 

let five an Arrow at him, which wounded hmv to 
death In this particular the Poets have taken oenrius T^ 

notice of the hand of God, that orders many times, aeus ftptm 
fuch, as are related to thofe,a gamft whom we have ^ ^ Papr 

committed great crimes. That men might un - in pheb. /. i. 
ftand the proceedings of Divine Juftice it caufeth 
a Relation to be v ifibl y feen between the offence 

and its punilhment. 




! 


D 


:» 


t y + 

f • 




i ; 

*> ' 


I* ! j 
H ' * 


Si. 


?i: 

f •; 

, 

j • 


pi I 


§6 


Cfie tyfffo# of t&e 


Book II 


Eriphyfeos H e fo 1 

antrum fatale u: 
pcnates in up it- , 

but£> 

Golde 

This Chain the nl 
was unfortu- w u ■ ? 
nate after- W ,. ,cil 


But there was none fo famous in thisExpedition 
as the Prophet Amphiaraus , a wife man. who had 
efpoufed £ry/to, the Sifter of King Adralhu) 
He forefaw that he fhould perifh,if he did engage 
hisperfon m this War,therefore he hid himfelfi 
but Eryphile being corrupted, with the prefent of a 
Golden Chain, given to her by Polynkes, betrayed 


of her Husbands concealment 


For 


nate after- w^ich unnatural deed, he left order with his Son 
wards to all its -dlcmeon, to difpatch her and revinge his death as 
owners.^- foon as helhouldhearof his mifearriaee. Which 

Ki ?J m Z. 7 uel ? omman , d , was P>« i" execution by^ f0 „, 
tibia ; and her bU j afterwards he became mad, and wandred up 

-- 1 - jT - TtT 1 1 _l t i . . - Is 


fft/cu y ariu ULi J 

brother.^™ 2nd down the World 


Apol- Brethren 


he was kill’d by the 


Amphifibea , The won and Ax ion 


it was carried n G . t0 Ccllll ™oe. Amphiaraus after his deceafe 
by the Thocen- v ^ as honoured as aGod,his Oracles were mightily 


ried 


bythePhocen- was h°n( 

fis that robb’d efteemed 

■A 


the Temple. Edifice was ere&ed 


In the^ Country of Athens, a ftately 


i vhe J e he gave Aufwcrs to aifthat 


him, .near a large Cave 


xiucrtncpiz tv- r r t 

. mxjlamque rar rroni Ibis place was me ruumain or Ampma 

Eriphylen, whereof the waters wer6 dedicated to him 

C li d ^Jl atl fo thatk was a 5 a P ital crime to employ them ii 

M 


5 to all that came. Not 

the Fountain of Amphia- 


monjirantem 

vulnera cernit 


any ordinary ufe 


E&qvaI/. 


dEneid 




ver. 325, r y>spfy/r! 


r - * . 1- 

Amphiaraus was excellent, 
pid. in his Tragedy of the 


% / * A J-J' ^ v yzvuvj 1 5 

XW&y, tpiAx etvS'&c tJ ) i%a,To Tj[ArievT£z. The Motto of 


3 ^? c/ks7p rte/f ®- e«M«fc I?) 


Several Perfons came to confult this Oracle 


from all parts of Greece 


* 

It was not delivered 


as thofe of Apollo 

Dream. This Go 


by a *Tythornffi 


but 


Dream. This God did appear to the Party, who 
was to offer a Ram in facrifice to him, and tofleep 

upon 


/ 


5 

» 

i~L 


. i..L^ ^.'JO■# i»i« *.i • .ft 



Gh .9 


** # 

fteatben Demi-Gods 


J 7 


> 






„ time after a Fait of 24 hours, and three 

gs abftineJce from Wine.Without thisprepa- 


anfwer could be 


>v 

H'V 


amifs in 

Dreams 


peded.lt will not be 


this place to fay fomething concerning 
t Macrob.m mentions five forts, .«« a 


Vifion, fefaw* a difeovery of fcmettfng between 

fleeping and waking, Q&nnav-* a fugg e ft „ _ 


fancy, called by Cicero , 


p©- 


E35iwJSS 53 ^-“ 


Eaftk of whom 


laid yMlMTt&'iflK MTovctp. heto Um 


This exprefiion is often ufed inScripture,to fignifie 


Godsappearing to his Servants in Dreams 


The yw'to fpeak 


___ ^ : * % truth, and 

anS Remans had a particular regard to fenfc) or 0nl . 

Dreams The Learned of the former did efteem 


theSoul,m a profound fieep,better_able to judge of Majth 


affairs^ and 


forefee 


of the 


- - i 0 00 Beb* 7- , 

time to come. We find that many other peopie^as Among ft the 

tion of the w ife men •, therefore they had penons ^ t , ie 0ffee 
to difeover thedefign ^d intention£Drearns 11 fiuKS . ^ 


that they do not always deferve our neg 


cures. Rofiti 


“ig"” 6 .™. p ». of «iy f o>> JZ 

we are not therefore to be fo fuperftitious, as to 

apprehend every idle fancy that jt rmfod in ns in 

duSns of out brain, but rather I would adv.fe 


every one ferioufly : 
Dreams, and to 


examine all extraordinary 

[e a good improvement ot 

them ^ 



» 




H i 

i 


1 i 




'i; 


Itf• 


Ki 1 
I 


8?i 
r i 


* i 

J.; 

f ,J ! 

: i « 


: f 


i 


j 

* V 

J* 


a! 

i 

!i| 

ft i 
[i f 

k i 
I I 
it 


*88 


Called by 

Horntr. cf>5- 

TZfXT&cL, &«s 

SfAtpa}} <Ptbi 

iyycXoi , and 

<>v«p ok, cT/of 

Be calls an 
evil dream 

2 a<SK o^./T- 

/.<$.& I/.2. 


®fje rptffo?p of tfte 




them *, for 
ceeds from 


Book II 


for there is not a Dream, whether it pro- 
•om God, the holy Angels, the Devils - 


or 


felves, but from it we may gather Inftruftion 


comfort or advice m our Attairs. It is certain 
that the Heathens have received many extraordi! 

nary benefits from Dreams. Auguftust heEmpei 
rour elcaped from the fury of the Army of Brutus 
that forced his men out of his Camp, by the pre¬ 
admonition of his Phyfician Artorim , who was 


Affairs 


Vdrnus Max. forewarned of the Danger in a Dream 


Tont. Dilcon. Julius had liftened to the Dream of his 

fiwwCypri- Lad Y Calphurma, he had never felt in his breaft 
an. Gregor, the fwords of his Aflafllnes that day in the Senate 

MstaL lib. 18. Experience,as well as the Judgment of the ancient 

Fathers of the Church, informs us, that Dreams 

are IbmctimesIdea^sofTruthftirred up in our fan¬ 
cy b V Spirits, for the Soul is then more free from 
jnfomh exte - all fenfual impreflions, and is fitter to converfe 

T th Bcin g s ofthe fa me nature withlt felf. An- 

imrims tr. $ otle takes n ? tice that before a Child attains to 


And if 


with Beings of the fame nature withlt felf. An 

ftotle takes notice that before a Child affainc 


mntur. Gre- * our Y e3rs of Age, h 


Child 


£6r. lib. 23. 

Mar, 

Arifttfle of A 

nimaJj 4 Book, 


capable of Dreams 


It feems that this ability doth accompany our Rea* 
Ion, and fuch as are not actively rational, cannot 
receive any impreflions by Dreams. This worthy 
Philofopher further obferves,that fuch as feldom 

have any Dreams, have more reafon to mind them, 

for he efteems them either very propitious, or the 

fatal . Omens of an approaching Difeafe, or of a 
ceftain Death. It feems the Devil did appearand 
give Oracles in Dreams to thofe that did confult 

him : Horn. 2. III. 




BncT a per 'At p&Ilw' A-yunpivoveb, to? A Kix*nv 

'ZvJbvT h xXioiv, md *iA.8tfnQ- k%x^' virvof 


And 

«»• 1 • 


Ch 


S)iat6ett Demi- Gods 


/>4 


18* 




Arid Virgil fpeaking of Fannus, who held the 
fame efteem and office in Italy, as Amphiaram in 

Greece, tells us, that the King of the Latins , 

* 

. « « w 

* * 

Centum lanigeras maltab at rite bidentes, \\t%.ljb.% 

Atque bar urn efultus ter go. Brat if\w jacebat ^ acld * 

t Velleribus, fubita ex alto vox reddita luco. 

I fhall not infift upon this Digreffion, only we They did dc- 

mav be certain, that in our deepfleepour Soul is liver Oracles 

|U J ^ ^ • • 1 _•_in /vitroe r\f thA 


t 


liver Oracles 


better able to entertain Spirits, and receive from k iwcjofthe 
them information; for it was at fuch times that ^ Um AiA 


the Poets did 


Amphiaraus , and the other dreaming Gods, did placc the Ivo . 
appear to their Worlhippers. ry gate of hell. 



CH AP. X. 


Of ANTI-GONE, and of fome Pajfag 
happened after the IV ^ro/TH E B E S. 


that 



Reon freely refigned the Kingdom to Oedipu 
and his Heirs ^ but when he fa w them dead 
:affiimed again theSupreme Authority ,r*nd go 


he reaflumed again theSupreme Authority ,r*na go 
verned in Thebes as before. 

As foon as he was proclaimed King, he com 


manded exprefly 


that 


fhould offer to 


bury the body of Tolynices, becaufe he had 

been fo impious, as to bring an Army of Enemies 
agaiuft his own Countrey, therefore he con¬ 
demned his Carkafs to be devoured by Dogs, 


and the Fowls of the Air. But Antigone , 
the Sifter of this unhappy Prince, ftole fe- 
cretly away out of the City to bury him in the 

night. When the King heard of it, he was high¬ 
ly 








f W' 


!&&&& -j. 


/. 7 


t * * > 






4 


1^0 


Sepbocl. in 

Aritig. 


This was the 
happy Age, 


€&e o fi&e 

ly incenfed, but not knowing who 




Book II. 

- i 

* * 

:■ was that 


had done this ad of humanity, he gave order, 
that the Body fhouid be pull’d out Of the grave, 


and again call 


the mercy of the wild Beafts 


She neverthelefs was refolved once more to ha 

% 

£ard her life, and venture to bury her dead Bro 
ther ; but it happened that Ihe was furprifedii 
the attempt by the Souldiers, that had been ap 


pointed to watch 


the Body 


The King 


therefore in his fury commanded her to be buried 

alive in the Earth, which punifhment (hepre¬ 
vented by ftrangling her felf. 

This rigorous proceeding of Creoh occafioned 
much unhappinefs and forrow to his Family ; for 
at the fame time his Son Hemon , who entirely 


loved An tig 


and who was ready to efpoufe 


her, thruft himfelf through with his Sword, re- 
folving to accompany her into another World; 
and Enridicesy the Wife oiCreon, \vhen jfhe law 
her Son dead,in the extremity of her grief, killed 
her felf alfo, to be delivered of the pain of fo 
great an affli&ion. 

This was the fubjed of one of the Tragedies 


of Sophocles 


which his fancy and expreffions 


whenLearnmg were f 0 happy, that the Athenians beftowed up- 

rule uHmtrprl . . m. ± j , 1 


was admired 
and rewarded. ur 
From hence mos • 


on him 


as a reward, the Government of Sa 


From hence mos > When the Army of Argos fled away, they 
the Prov. so- left all the fields round about Thebes covered with 

pbodes eft , he the dead Bodies of their Companions, which was 

rator. iaPP} °" a Iamenta W e fight, efpecially becaufe they drd 

believe, that the Souls of thofe wretched Crea¬ 
tures were to languifh a long while upon the 
brink of hell, before they could be admitted into 
Charons Boat, if tluir Bcnesdid remain unburied 


upon theFarth 


For 


A 


4 




- 






SMBtljen Demi 




ifi 




P-v- ^ 

For this caufe Adraflm was perfwaded to.di- . a 
fpatch EmbafTadours to Creon, to pray him to '/ 
fuffer his lafb duty to be paid to the Dead ; bnt 
he could never be entreated by him. Therefore 
Adrafins not being able to make War upon him 
he defired Thefetts, who was then King of A- 
thms, to lead an Army againft him, and to force 
him to fuffer the Dead to be buried, which he 
did * ouly the Body of Capaneas^ that had been 
.ftruck with the Thunder, and curfed becaufe of 7 r 0 n& Ymt 
his horrid blafphemies, was caft afide, and burnt capaneia &on- 

alone by his Wife Evadne , who expreffedjn this 


• * 


mens 


alone by his Wife£Ww, who exprefled in this 

occafion, her exceflive love for him; for fhe favU . 
trimm’d her felf in her molt gaudy and richap-. i AU elaud. in 
parel, and then caft her felf into the midft of the Laud. St. 
flames, to be burned and confumed to allies with 

him. 

Additional Note'. 

Evadne , the Daughter of Iphys 7 loved her jhefe thtogs 


Evadne , the Daughter of Iphys 7 loved her 
Husband Capaneus fo..tenderly,.that fhe refolved 


happened 


a- 


to accompany him in his death.lt is theCuftomof ^ 


fc v .***-' 7 / * of Gideon , 

th ^Indians in Afia to this day,to facrince anu bury j U£ jge of lfra* 
the deareft Wives of Princes with them,for they e / , 27*0 years 
believe the Immortality of the Soul; they fend after theCrea- 
therefore fuch perfons as have been dear unto them c “ e 

to ferve them in another World,and to keep them Eu ^ y C bron, 
company. The Heathens did believe, that Cha - Diod* L 5. 2nd 

ron would never fuffer fuch to pafs into reft in the ffygin, think, 

Elyfian Fields,until their Bodies or Reliques were 
buried in the Earth. In fuch a cafe they did fancy, 
that the Souls were toffed up and down, during the 
fpace of an hundred years, upon the banks of the 
River Acheron , over which they were to pafs into 
Hell in Charons Boat, as Virgil obferves, 

mid, 6, when i/£nets defeendea into Hellfor 

■ * —.‘ ' the 

9 










ioa 


C&e tyittm oftfie 


V 


Book If 


the Sybil informs him ofa wandering multitude of 


Souls 


H& c omnisy quam cernis inops , inhumataque turha 


qnot whit unda , ft 


eft. 

jP ortitor tile C bar on * &/, quos whit una 
pulti. 

Nec ripas datur horrendas nec rauca flttenta 
Tranfportare priusy qualm fe dibus offa quiet uni 


Centum errant 


cum 


volitantq 


hac lit tor A 


See C. Tacitus 


lib . i. Annul, predion 


Turn demum admijfi fiagna exoptata revifunt. 

It was therefore efteemed a Cruelty beyond 


deny 


the dead a burial; for this 


caufe all great Commanders were very careful, 
tZt"nf,urT after 3 BaWe1 ’ t0 Inter the Bodies of their Soul- 

Ifutrix hZ diers ’ that h ? d loft their Lives in their Quarrels; 
litem, uttu- as we read in the Commentaries of Cajar, and in 
mult membra. Livie. And Curtius obferves, how Alexander 

Rnfin* il gan l' did encoura g e his Men to fight for him after the 
Poe^ ’ vc * Battel at the River Granicus y by caufing the 

Dead to be buried with folemnity and pomp, and 

their Images to be eredted as eternal Memorials of 
their Valour. 


CHAP, 




IP . 


M 


Ch. ii. 


tytftttytl D^mi-Gods? 


: i 


m 


CHAP, XI. 


Of TANTALUS, and of PELOP Shis Son 


W Hilft the Thebans and the Men of Argos 

were at variance, Tantalus and his Po- 

fterity were affiidted with many fenfible Evils. 
The horrid Impiety of this Prince was the caufe 
of them *, for as he was one of the Sons of Ju¬ 
piter , the Gods at a certain time palling over the 
World, did him the honour to lodge with him 
in his Palace. Being therefore obliged to treat 
them at Supper, he caufed the Members of hist 
Son Pelops to be cut in pieces, and to be pre¬ 
pared for them to eat, that he might try whether 
they would perceive it, and whether they were 

really Gods. 

Ceres was deceived at firft, for being extreme 
hungry Ihe eat up one of the Ihoulders, but 
the reft of the company did abominate this cruel 
Feaft ‘j therefore in companion to the young 1 
Prince, they reftored him to life again. For 


Feaft 'y therefore in companion to the young 
Prince, they reftored him to life again. For 
Mercury went down into Hell to fetch from 
thence his Soul, and all his Members were re¬ 
ftored to him, and eftablilhed in their right 
place, only in lieu of his fhoulder which had 

been eaten, thev eave him one of Ivorv. 


eaten 


they 


gave him one of Ivory, 


which had the virtue of healing ail manner of 
Difeafes. 

But Tantalus was punifh’d for his cruelty •, be¬ 
ing condemned to Hell, to be there tortured 
with a continual appetite of hunger and thirft, 
in the midft of waters, and the plenty of all va- 


fr 


N 


rietie* 












JP4 


CD e pi(fe?p of t&e 


Book II 


rieties, that did flye from him, when he endea¬ 
voured to catch at them,as we have already faid in 
the firft Book. 

His Daughter Niobe perifh’d alfo miferably, 
becaufe of her vanity and pride, for hating a 
great number of Children, fhe preferred her felf 
to Latona, therefore Apollo and Diana deftroy- 
ed all her Children with Arrows. eyrenf- r>n<» 


named C lor is 


Arrows, except 


which affli&ion call: her 


Confumption, fo that regret and forrow dryed 


her up 


From hence the Poets have taken 


cafion to fay 

Rock. 


that (he was changed 


a 


Pelops left P hryg 


and departed into G 


to go to the Kingdom of Elis , where he""fell in 
love with Hippodamia, the Daughter of Oenoma- 
us. But this King having understood by theOra- 
cles, that his Son-in-law Ihould be one day the 


that 


caule of his death, he would never ventur 
give his Daughter to any man, but upon this< 
ditio'n, that he ihould firft overcome him 


Chariot-race, wherein if he failed he was to for¬ 
feit his life. 

Trodidit Oe- Pelops was not frighted with the danger* 
nomai dcccptus therefore he undertook torumand that he might 

clmtUnuTd. “ 2 £ i llifs of his purpofe, he won the Coachman 


eland, in land. 
Sere?’. 


of Oenomam , named 


Myrtilm 


with many 


V f v f r f — - 

Pdopis taim- goiden promifes, and oblig’d" him to diforder the 
ta, a great ra- Axle-tree of the Chariot* in fuch a manner, that 

wet rt fht k broke in tlle raiddie of courfe. The poor 
n little one ' 0 womans fell to the ground, and killed himfelf. 

worth 6o/.and ^~ rer his death, Pelops took the Government of 

a great one the Kingdom,. with his Daughter Hippodamia> 

™r h J° *' 3nd * n . 3 ^ ort: t ^ me grew to be one of the molt 

iliuftrioiis Princes of his Age. From him the 

Veh» 


- '<* 


s 

ch. II. ^eatften Demi-Gods. 

Jeloptnmefits called now Morea, is named. Ne 

verchelefs he was very unhappy in his Children 


*95 


\ 


n > 


Atrem and Thyeft 


although Agamemnon and 


'Uenelauiy the "Sons of Atrem were the moft fa¬ 
mous Men of that time. But theft particulars we 
may take notice of in the following Chapters, 


% 

Additional Note . 


Tamha, the Son of Jupiter and the Nymph fj f±fj 


Plote , or 


fome fay , the Son of z/Ethon-, was 


par, 


married to Atttbemoijf a, the Daughter of Lycm *, a/«Nk 
and as others relate, to EnryamjfayhQ fair Daugh- an era 

4 —. # i V 


*4 

s toy 


of Taygetes 


of the Pleiades 


two Sons, Broteas and Pelop 


and 


Daughter called Niobe 


He is noted for his 


He had dfln S er 
an only 


diferetion in difeourfe, for he revealed all the fe- 
crets of the Godsjand for his unfeafonable curio- - , 

fity, that moved him to an inhumane aft,he mafia- a 

cred his own Son Pelops , who was reftored to life Gd pp d his 


again, and inftead of a fhoulder of flelh 


• H VJUUj AUU 111 

oy Sanftuiry pla 


Ceres, the Godsbeltowed upon him anlvory flioul- cedac the 
der. In remembrance of this favour,all the Race hand of 

of Telops did afterwards bear an Ivory fhoulder ™ p 
blazoned in their Coat of Arms. But Tantalus Uic- /TiAnlrlAf 


their Coat of Arms 


His: fhoulder 


was fent down toHell to be puniflied with want, & of ivory v 

with the fear of a falling Rock, that was placed carried jo 


VY1LI1 LUV 1 vai VI a. agiij. 11 ^ ;•— 1 A 

over his head 5 befides the Eumenides did contmu- ^ Sca at 

ally wait upon him, to difturb his quiet with their the return. 


grim looks and fearful bawlings 


f the return. 
This rntl- hut found by 


mates the grievous and troublefome eftate of a 

who carried It to the Elms,, by the advice of the Oracle, to deliver them 


Plague 


Thyeft. aft 


nfm 


& ptrnjlh fimmyjfctribus 


A 


N 2 


Con- 

i . * 








i» 


I 1 


ittcjp or m 


Book IT 


Confcience wounded with a crying fin. TheFuries 
of Hell cannot be moreunpleafant,and their com¬ 
pany bring-more torment, than a Soul awakened 

faufanias. with the fenfe of a crime. 

Pelcps his Son is find to be a great Favourite 
of the Gods, becaufe he did excel in beauty, and 

hadfervedfomeof them,in prefenting unto them 
For that rea- the Cup at Supper, therefore they reftor’d him to 

fon he is raid life, and when he defired Hippodamia in Mani- 
to be bis pH- g ge, Neptune furnifh’d him with four brave Hoc- 

° vld ‘ fes and a Chariot, to run for his Miftrefs with 


For 


befeens. 

Mttm. 

Myrtili. 


pH 


fes and 


Chariot 

Father. 


Menu 


hula. 


ami 


her cruel Father. He was more happy thamthe 
former Wooers, by the treachery of Myrtiltu the 
Coachman of Oenomans *, for this Varlet being 
corrupted by the promifes of Hippodamia, who 
defired paffionately Pelops for her Husband, and 
by the perfwafions of Pelops himfelf, betrayed 
his Mafters life, for which he was curfed by Qeno- 


ted that he 
fhould Jie o 
night with 
Hippodamia. 


promi- mam , when he was ready to expire 


It happened 


of whom he 

love t* thofe,who did owe unto'him their lives & fatisfa- 

lops would ne- ^ ions 5 foritisufualtofeeTreafons in requeft,but 
ver fuffer him. Traitors were never beloved nor trulted by any. 

That Roman Damofel that betrayed a Gate of Rome 
Tit. Liv . t0 the Sabins, was buried alive under theirBucklers, 

by them, who diddeteft her crime,although they 

did receive an advantage bv it. Baiazet and Ta- 


afterwards as he had defired, Myrtiltu , for a fup- 
pofed crime, was caft headlong from a high Rock 
into the Sea, and left his Name to the place. 


Thus the perfidious Myrtiltu 


rewarded by 


advantage by 


'Baiaz.et and Ta 


Pjufan 


met lane did commonly execute T raitors, and hang 
them up with their rewards. 

The Poets fay, that this Oenomatu was fo cruel. 


Lucian in jfra-ss to kill twelve 


ridlvch 


young Gallants 


that came to 4 eek his Daughter in Marriage} for 

when 


f 


t 


Ch 


ii 


Demi-Gods. 


1 97 


Ph4rf. 


when he had unhappily overcome them in a Race, > 0 / 
he did difpatch them out of his fight without 
mercy. 

In running, it was his cuftom to throw at them Lm „ t p h4rj 
his Lance, and kill them and that he might lib. 6. < 
foonerovertake them, he did oblige them to carry Fr °m hence 
with them his Daughter Hippodamia in the Cha- tll f Fro J* 

riot. Pelops was more happy than the reft *, ^ emllenc 
therefore the River Alpheus came out of his Cur- chariot. 


/ 


hence 


the Prov. 

At/VW CLDi 


rent, to crown him with Lawrels after his Vi¬ 
ctory. 


Seme fay that 
(he was the 


H is S i fter was NMe j fhs cfpoufed Amphion, 

and or him had ten Sons *, fome fay feven>and as eg, jB orne. 

many Daughters j but becaufe flie was fo vain- Bis Jeptemnatis 
glorious as to fay, 1 gmtrix Uta , 

atque foperba, 

r. i r „ tot dnxi mater 

• -- —C ur colitur Latona per arm ? • finer*, quot 

Ntmen adhuc fine thure meum eft , &c. genui. Aufon. 

And Ovid. Metam. 

Quocjue modo audetis genitam Titanida Cceo 
Latonam praferre mihi. —-. 


She was deprived of all her Children, the Men 
being maflacred by Apollo, and the Maids by 
Diana fo that only Cloris was left alive. Some 
fay, that her grief caufed her to caft herfelf into 

the Sea,from a Rock that did bear afterwards her 

name, upon the Coaft of Greece. Ovid calls her 


Mygdonia , becaufe of her Image that ftood 


Ovid calls her ovid.. in Ef 


Acontii . 


Sipyl 


J 


Mountain of Mygd 


* 

Nunc quoque Mygdonia flebilis aft at humo. 


N 


CHA P; 




1 ^ 






198 


CDe of tDe 


Book If. 


r 



CHAP. XII. 


T 


Of AT REUS and TH YESTES. 

* ■■■ ' ' ; 

iHefe two Brethren have given occafion to 

many Tragedies, which'proceeded from 
irreconcileable hatred, that they bore to one 


another. For Thyefies having no other intent 
but to vex Atretts , defiled his Bed with Adultery 
and Incelt, and then faved himfelf out of his 
reach. And Atretu furprifed the Sons of Thy- 
tfies, and got them into his power. Then he 


having no other 


And Atretu furprifed the Sons of Thy- 

and got them into his power. Then he 


fent unto him to invite him to a Fealt, as if they 
had been to end all their differences, and recon*- 


Mdivifm had been to end all their differences, and recon* 

fecat in mem - cile themfelves together. Thyefies , perfwaded 
bra corpus.Se n. w j t h t h e defire of feeing his Children, came 


jn Thy. ad. 4 . 

TJondum Tbyt- 


readily 


the Fealt 


But when they were both 


ftes liberos At- rifen from the Table, Atretu fhewed unto him 
flit funs, the fad fpe&acle of their hands and heads chopt 

tfox atra fiat, telling him alfo at the fame time, that he 

*ditf Me^sr ^ad ^ at ^ u PP er on ly u P on t ^ le ^ r Tfi c ^ 0etS 

in^Thyfay? that,the Sun was eclipfed, and did return back 
sol anroram towards its rifing, that it might not behold fuch a 


vidtt occiduus, detellable cruelty 


But 


Crime draws after it another 


happened that JEgiftui, the Ballard Son of Thy - 
eftes, who was reckoned amonglt the Dead, be- 
caufe he had been call away in a Wood, fatisfied 
his Fathers vengeance, by fpilling the blood of 


Atretu. This Agiftm 

he had been brought 


Behaving therefore eljpoufed his Fathers quarrel 
jnalTacred Agamemnon , the Son of Atretu, a 


wasfo named, becaufe 

and nourilhed by Goats. 


5 


the Son of Atretu 


t 


diis 




4 




r-7 


Ch. 12. 


Seatbelt Demi-Gods; 


*99 


his return from the Siege of Troy-, by the alfi- 
ftance of his Wife Clytemeftra, who had been 
perfwaded to confent to the murder of her Huf- 

band. ■ 

We Ihall in another place take notice how Q- 
refies revenged the death of his Father Agamem - 


/ ^ 

■> 


;) 


non, in killing JEgift 


and Clytemnefira, his 


own Mother, becaufe fhe had been fo perfidious 


and wicked, 

bands blood 


imbrue her hands in her Huf- 


• 1 


Additional Note . 


The hatred of thefe two Brothers caufcd many Seneca in the 
horrid Villanies to be committed by them & their Tragedy of 
Children. Thyefies to difpleafe and affront his Bro- 7 o J^ 
thtx Atreits, debauch’d his Wife zArope, of whom 

_ . _ A • __ • X m 1 • /7 • j 


he had two Ballards, Tantalus and 


tries, perf. Satyr 


When Atreus came to understand who was their 'firpwc 
Father, he caufed them to be roalted, and given to a " 

7 -a • w. _ ntinftr pQJIIJ. 


Thyefies to eat, at a great Banquet, unto which he 


was invited. 


Seneca faith, that he did firlt Sa? ucian Prov. 


crifice them to the Gods in the ufual manner, ne c*dt votiva 


t ant urn nefas non rite flat. 


Afterwards he fea- fi cos pl^avi, 


lied his Brother with the remaining pieces of their ^ a e r ^nim^ 


fl.elh. He found fome way to efcape out of it and am ptans 
his Brothers power, and fo departed to King The - parva earyfi 
fprottu , and fromhim he went to Sicyone, where jrnjta&kec 


he had placed his Daughter Pelopia 


Sicyone , where M* & , 

la/ He found 


her facrificing to Minerva, and dancing about her i ente 
Altar •, but it happened that file had llained her bus flilUnjifi 
cloaths with the blood of the Vidtirn, therefore in fi- Arreus i» 


Arreus w 


the night file went down to a River alone to wafii 

fubit e ftirpe mb a, qua fuum vine at genus ac me innocentmfaciat , iyj uratfo 
audtat- Xatipalus fpeaks in Thyefies of his Grand-children. 


N 4 


them. 





KJ.V 





' 1 ' 




■ 


zoo 


Cfie of t&e 


Book IT 


them. Her Father Thyeftes followed her, and got 
her with child,but fhefecretly conveyed his Sword 
away. About that time a grievous Famine affli, 

cted theCountrey,which theSooth-fayers imputed 

to the cruelty oDfcr^advifing him to bereconci- 
led to his Brother. He hearkened to their counfel. 
therefore he went to feek him out in theKingdom 
of Thefpmw, but meeting there mthPclopis, whom 
he thought to be the KingsDaughter, he defired 
her in Marriage, and brought her home, where 
[ he was delivered of vfyiftm. And becaufe he was 
her Fathers Baftard, fhe defired that he might be 
caff awayj and that he might not live to reproach 
unto her, her fhame.But Atreus not knowing the 

Jnyftery,cau{ed him to be lecretlynourifhed with 


Agamemnon and Menelaus , his children 


It hap 


pened that in procefs of time, Atreus having fur- 
prized Thyeftes confuting the Oracle of Apollo , 
how to revenge himfelf,he fent unto him v£gkus 
to kill him ^ but the Father difcovered the Son by 
the Sword, that his Daughter had ftole from him 
near the River, and then ftuck it into his bowels, 
with a command to revenge his death, which was 


done_ by yEgiJlus 


for he kill’d At reus whilft he 


was facrificing, and rejoycing at the Death of his 
Brother. 

♦ 

GW, mete. The Poets inform us of the firft Caufe of thefe 
41b» £ 2 . Gen. Tragedies and fatal Difcords.They fay it wasbe- 
$$ Gib Dei. caufe I slops offered to drown Myrtilus^ the Son of 

Mercury } therefore this God in revenge, kindled 
fuch flames of wrath and enmity in the breafts of 
his Sons,that they ceafed not until they were both 

deftroyed, with all their Generation. 

’ 


CHAP. 


- * - / 4. - It * 


t .s 9 * ► ’ > . 







9 / 


Ch. 13 


foeatften Demi-Gods. 


Id 


> v*> 



CHAP. xnr. 

% 

I 

Of ffeeKIN GS of TROY. 

T He City of Troy hath been heretofore one 

of the mofb famous of Afia Minor , as well 


for 


largenefs and 


riches 


for that renow 


ned War, which it managed againft the Army of 


Greece 


It was fltuate in Tbrygia, which 


Province ftretching it felf upon the Coaft of the 


t Age an Sea 
now the R 


unto the Hellefp 


called 

gainft 


the River of Constantinople , over againi 
Cherfonefm of Tbracia, a nd the Ifland Te 


nedos , which was not far diftant from it. The 

River Scamander, that proceeds from the Mount 


Ida-, did run by the Walls 


joyn with the wa 


He was the Son 
of the King of 


of the River Simois, both together do empty Corint ^ when 


themfelves into the Sea 
called Sigeum. 


the Promontory ^ 


•> 

dead 


The nrft who built this City and com- there was t <U- 
manded there in Chief,was DardmtuyazSva. h P. mhjso _ 
of Elettra and Jupiter. When he had kill d his t jJ ej . B rot ^ cr 
Brother he was forc’d to flye away, and y a ftus abouc 


iecure himfeif in Vhryg 


where he efpoufed the fucceflion 


iuuiv iiiunvA* **• •• 7o 9 . . 

the Daughter of King 2 W, with whom he 

joyntly reigned in thatCountrey,which wasiome- vour Dari i a , 
times named Teucria , and fometimes Dardania • nus ^ an( j the 
The City of Troy did alfo bear the fame name* other Jafius. 

In that time that Mofes left the Leading of the 

People of I [rad to Jojhiea , about 700 years lie- took flipping 

fore the building of the City of Rome, and 650 and f ctt i e( i j n 


other Jafuis. 
Dardanus with 

t»is favourites 

* 


years after the firft Foundation of the Ajjy 
Monarchy, . 


fettled 


Phrygia* 

Vhiloftt' 


BardwM 







r.,t\ sia /;• ir a.^ wVSWSS 




- .*■« 




B c i 
! 


I fc 
5i 

t 

i i 
i ■> i 

: l|) 

*v. 


*5; 

U 1 


jif 


! I 


4 > 
4 

f f 

! ! 
• f 


2f>2 


dje W<m> of t&e 


Book' If 


Dardanus left his Kingdom to his Son Erich 


thomUS) who begat T 


When he was polTefled 


Pros hajl wa 

with Tantalus 


of the Kingdom, he called the City after his ow 

mmeTroja, and the Country round about wa 

named Trvas. 

This Trot, had feveral Sons, firft Ganimcde, 


**»**"%* ^ 1 ^ meats- 

King of Wry- who was raviih d by Jupiter j Ajfaracus, who was 

W^°r 00k ? 6 Fa - her 2 f C *W S ’ 0t whom was the 

tf n JZ; f?!° unte °f ^ who had by him jL~ 


SZZ b , orn , U P™ the Banks of the River s 


J“P 


prefent 


Bun 


the chief of his Children, and the Heir ofhi; 
Crown was Hits , who gave unto the City of Troy 


of ll,unh when he had “isW 


Me. Natal. 
The truth is., 
Laomtdon 
fpoiled the 
Temples of A - 
fc//d and Aty- 

to build 
Troy. Natal. 


Laomedon fucceeded /&, his Father •. it was he 
ba t built the Walls of the City ofTVoy, by the 

affiltance of Apollo and Neptune-, as we have no¬ 
ted m the fifth Chapter of the former Book. He 

had promifed unto them with an Oarh o 


naa protmled unto them with an Oath £ 
Reward for their labour, but he was fo 


He 


STrasSST m y affl^ r K Wardsa T 0 refufe i£ > which canted them 

ledge hath fPc®!? h im with many Difeafes .• So that to fa- 


ledge hath u,a "y U1 

caufed the Fa. tISIle them , he was forced 
hie. Mcenix Pailgliter Hefione , to be 

nzbt* pun a monitors. We have aifo take 

0Y6 by)am ted with T-Jprru )pc tr\ r?pIiTr^** 


to reed to expofe his ow 
to be devoured of the Sea 


f ruclx ra ° n fes. We have alfo taken notice how he trea 

Of Troy.Zk iliT h fZ“ leS t “ del , iver Keir f rom the danger. 
ir.Ep.iji, P . arid. f d , h P lv ! le deaIt treacheroufly aifowith him; as 

e had done formerly with Neptune and Apollo. 

jf r\rATro/J 4-U» r . r i • * m _ i 


proved thecaufe of his 


for Here 


les gathered together the Forces ofhis Friends, 

especially of Telamon the King of Salami,, the 
Father of Ajax, and then befieged this Traitor 

Laomedon, He out him in Hp'• j 


put him 


death, and carried 


away all his wealth, with Hefmne his Daughter, 
who was married to Telamon. His Son alfo wa 

# f ' 

taken 


\ 


Ch. 13 


t!ie l?eat&etl Demi Gods 



20} 


taken and made prifoner, but hisSubjefts redee- 


med him 


and" therefore he was called Friam 


i 


»-s 

Kinndom he began to enlarge his Dominions,and 
SSrthe City of Troy far more. famous than 


ever 


was before 


for he rebuilt all the Walls, 
Forts and Baltions, which 


adorning them with Forts and Baftions, which* 

were then called Tergama. nauehterof 

His Wifes Name was Hecuba ,the paugnteroi 


the King of . 

Children, Htttor, 1 


the Soothfayer 


, Tolites 
Troilus, 


Ihe had by him feveral 

tes, Deifhobtts, Helenas 


Paris,, 'and Polydorns 

4 . • - 


Tohxene, Calfandra , and Creufa, were his Oaugh-- 

re/s His Court and Palace were full of pomp 

and elory, and he lived in this profperous eftate 
ana gAoiy, R laft he was fo unhappy > as 

to behold with his own eyes the deflation and 

fitter ruin of the City of Troy, that luted only 
three hundred years. We flrali fee how this change 

came to pafs. ^ Note , 

Laomedon had eight Children,Sons and Daugh- 
ter's LamfutyClitio, and Joetatm, mentioned by 


Homer ; Tit bonus, Bucolius 


Primus, Jntig 


Lao* 


cmd HeCLone were the molt remarkable. Their Nee dunt Lao. 

and riepo , r u nnt - Pr i for neriurv^ that when medonts fen 

Father was fo much noted tor perjury t 

any of his Race appear unfaithful, they are tarn 


* 

0 be the Sons of Laomedon. r 

•ed herfelftojfwo, who changed her intoa Stork 

* i-A 


gent is ? Vlr§. 

lib, 4 . 


Tithotms was married 


Aurora, of whom the 


brave Champion of Egypt, Memnom was born. 
Vriam fficceeded, his Father Laomedon 

Hecuba he had nineteen Ghildren.Whuft 


Of 


mained 









204 


€fie ?)!fl0jp of tfje 


Boot [I 


Kf “L in P n a “: and #? u * d not the quarrels of 


.zscv £ p r ,e fl a « a r i* foK 

eafte, Medifi - ^nd ^ Is Kingdom flourifhed exceedingly* but when 

CdfioyFolixina, he engaged himfelf in the publick enmitvofh ,n 
pus, Troilus , .' ^ upon himfelf and his Subje&s utter 


Dtipbobe, Poll - 


dorus,Licaon , But of him hereafter 

Ttucrus^ &c. 


deftrueftion, as Herodotus takes 



CHAP. XIV. 


O/PAR IS. 

W Hen ffewfct was with child of P«, cal¬ 
led otherwife Alexander, fhe dream’d 
tnat me was bringing into the World a Fire- 
brand, that lliould kindle the flames of War in 
the Countrey, and caufe a general Definition 

•*11 i L« 

For this caufe, asfoonashe was born, Priam 

delivered him into the hands of a Souldier na- 

j^SL i r r Che f M ’ , tha i he mi 8 ht call him away 
m the Woods to be devoured of the wild Bealls 

and prevent the mifehief which threatned his’ 


Kingdom. 

But the Mother feeing 
psd and beautiful, was m 


Child fo well /ha 


fnr it th fk W2S ? 10ved wich com paffion 
for it - therefore fhe caufed it to be brought ud 

nrivafelv Kv cv««v,u.— o“h_ u P 


This 


privately by Shepherds, on Mount Ida. 6 This 
mean Education did not take from him the ge¬ 
nerous qualities and inclinations, which he had 
borrowed from his Illuftrious Birth, for on eve- 

2. °“1°T dl? a S reat Courage Pru- 


*y occaflon 


he made 


deuce, and Juftice, Virtues worthy ofa Prince 


appea r 


Ch. 14. ©eatfiett Demi Gods. 205 

appear to the World. So that J twoalias ,and 
Venus, agreed to chufe him the foie Arbitrator - f 
and Judge of their Concerns^in a difference be¬ 
tween them*, which was this. At the Nuptials 
of Peleus and Thetis, whilft thefe Goddeffes 
were merry at theFeaft, the Goddefs of Dif- 
cord caft into the middle of the Company a Gol¬ 
den Apple,with this Infcription,For the Fairefiand 

mofi beautiful. Each of thefe did claim it as their 
own*, and becaufe they could not agree, they 
refolved to leave it to the judgment of Paris, 
who was corrupted with the charms of Venus, 
and with her Promifes *, for fhe had engaged to 
procure unto him the handfomeft Lady of the 
World. Whereupon he defpifed the Riches of 
Juno , the Wifdom of Pallas , and pronounced his 
fentence in favour of Venus , whereby he provoked 
the wrath of thefe Goddeffes againft himfelf, and - 
all his Nation. 

After this, in a publick Affembly, he declared 
who he was 5 for the Nobles and Gentry of the 
Countrey being affembled near the City, to fee 
the fport of Wraftling, when every one ftrove 
to exprefs his ftrength and courage, he did alfo 
go forth, and laid upon the ground many that 
undertook to cope with him. Helior, the Son of 
Priam, did try his ftrength,and was alfo overcome. 

But this difgrace fo inraged him againft Paris , 

that he offered to kill him, for he efteemed him 
no better than a Countrey Clown. In his anger 
he had taken away his life, had not Paris, to 
prevent it, fhewn unto him certain fmall Jewels, 
which Queen Hecuba his Mother had delivered tQ 
his Tutor, and thereby declared unto him that he 
was his Brother. 

King 


f 




i 


r.- 

lir 
; • 1 

; i‘‘ 
; i: 

iff 

iij 

h > 

Is 1 ' 


ii 


i'll 

M; 

i lit 
I ;i' 

I ■'! 

I * 

' i. ; 


• *r 


if * 


; i 

1 ! t 

f 1 - 

T 1 • 

if • .• 

! 

Mi 

H 

: i I 


:: 

11 
jjii 

: I {. 

If i I 

| ' i * 

I i: 

i ; 


%o6 


€ie Dfffojp of t&e 



Book fl 


Caf'sriit audit 


Juy 


camas 


King Priam that had admired his addrefs'and 

courage in the Combats, was ravifh’d with joy 
to underftand of the preservation of fuch an ex¬ 
cellent So.n; therefore he imbrac’d him, brought 

him to his Palace, and gave him a Train fuitable 
to his quality^ for he had forgot how the Oracles 

had foretold, that he was to be the caufe of the 
ruin of his Kingdom and Countrey. 
uda- And becaufe he was full of generality arid vst- 
difi- lour, he could not reft fatisfied with the enjoy- 

ment of the pleafuresofthe Court. Therefore 
r 'he canfed a Fleet of twenty Shins to be made 


Euripid, in 
Helen. 


ment of the pleafuresofthe Court, 
he caufed a Fleet of twenty Ships 


ready 


fail 


into Greece, and to demand his 
carried away by Hercules , and 


Aunt Hefions , carried away by Hercules , and 
married to Telamon, ©fit this defign was rather 
upon Helena , the Sifter of Caflor and Pollux , 
mentioned in the fourth Chapter, who had been 
given in Marriage to Memlaus King of Sparta, 


Marriage to Mendaus King of Sp 


a City in Peloponnefus. He fet fail and landed at 
Sparta , where Menelaus , perfwaded by the in¬ 
trigues of Venus, who had put Paris upon this 
Entetprife, received him with all expreflions of 
kindnefs and civility. And when his affairs did 
require his prefence \wCrete, he left him at hisPa- 
lace in his abfence. But the affedlion of this King 
was requited with amoft notable Treafon \ for 
Paris having fecretly contracted a friendfhip with 
Helena , when he law fuch a favourable oppor- 


law fuch 


favourable oppor 


tunity, departed with her into Afia , and carried 
her to Troy *, although Herodotus faith to the cori- 
trary.But Tares and Dtttys, twoWriters of that 
time, who were prefent at the Siege oiTroy, do 

confirm this Relation. 

✓ King Priam being glad of this aCtion, not on¬ 
ly becaufe of the hard ufage, that he had recei¬ 
ved 




Ch.14. ^eatf)8lt Demi-Gods. *<- 7 / 

ved from the Greeks during his Captivity amongft 
them,and becaufe they had cruelly fpoiied his 
Cityin the Reign of his Father Lmrndon ; but 

alfo becaufe he did hope by this means to recover 

out of their hands his Sifter Hejione . 

Additional Note . 

It was the Cuftom of the Heathens, when any 
ftrange accident did happen ,to confult theOracles 
and to enquire from them what they ought to do. 

When Priam underftood his Wives dream ,hefent 

alfo to take advice from the Oracle,who informed 

him, that the Ghild would be the caufe of his 
Countries ruin. To prevent this mifthief,he was Eurip. in Hel 


I 


a 07 


Countries ruin. Topri 
defigned for daughter 


foon 


he fhould 


come into the world; butProvidence, and his Mo¬ 
thers companion, faved him, and fent him to 
Mount Ida , to the Kings Shepherd, where he was Neverthel 
brought up as hisSon.He proved as valiant as he Ovid faith 


handfom, but Vice 


his generous 


djfpofition. nc uau LWU uy M pSfflpd 

Nymph of Mount Ida, Daphnis and Ideas , who 
were as obfcure as their Father was famous. 

He was at firft renowned for his Juftice and ci- 


He had two Sons by Oenone 


a alii , tu Pari, 


vil behaviour; but the pleafures of the Court, 
and the fudden change of his condition,altered 
his temper and carriage, fo that when Menelaus 
had received him with all expreffions of kindnefs, 
he rewarded him with ingratitude-, he debauch’d con mugMi 
his Queen, rifled his Palace, plundered the City \ adultero 

of Argos , arid carried all away Captive with ^ f t ) 
Helena , and with her two Ladies of honour, c%o pi 


thra and Pifadia 

affront andwiuf 


: two Lames or nonour, e/c- te in fapotere. 
The Greeks did revenge this Gio. Boccac. 


juftice by 


moft bloody Wat, in Geneal. de gli 


which alm 3 R all the Children of Priam were kill’d, 

and Paris alfo wasmcr tally wounded by PbiloBetes 

/ with 



- • \ ■*+ r u»y 


2,08 


Cfje ftfffcw oft&e 


Book ir. 


with the venemous Arrows of Hercules* which 
had been dipt in the blood of the Hydra in a Angle 
fight. Oenone his fir ft Wife laboured to cure him 


but all her endeavours 


were 


After his 


death,(he had fomuch love for herunfaithfuJHuf 


band 


confumed his Body 


caft her felf into the Flames which 



CHAP. XV. 


Of the Grecians Preparations againft Troy, 


A Gamemnon , the King of tJMycene, a King¬ 
dom of Peloponnefta f, near Argos , was migh¬ 
tily concerned for the difgrace of Menelata^ be- 
caufe,as we have faid in the twelfth Chapter,they 
were Brethren, the Sons of Atretu, therefore they 
were named zAtreides, 

This was the caufe that oblig’d him to acquaint 
the Princes of Greece with this notable affront, 

which all the Nations had received. 


dom of Peloponnefus, near Arg 
mcerned for the difgrace of. 


I 


uaiijt 

Tont. 


They all agreed to confult about this bufinefs 


two general Affemblies 

Sparta , and in zArgos. 


j which were to meet 
It was there refolv’d. 


that they fhould joyn all their forces together un 


der the leading of Agamemnon 


revenge this 


difgrace, and that they fhoud oblige therrifelves 
folemnly by Oath, not to forfakethe War until 

the Trojans had made fatisfa&ion for the injuries 


received. 

Some of them were unwilling to engage them- 

felves in this War-, Vlyjfes-, the Son of Laertes, 

and King of Ithacns, and of Dtdichia , two final! 

I Hands of the Ionian Sea, was one of them. He 

could 


iti wUi 


:rUt«Ui 




I y 

Demi-Gods. 

dear Wik Penelope, by 
whom he had a. Son named Telemncbm. His 
tender affedion fotherwasa tye fufficient to keep 
him at home. For that reafon he conterfeited 
himfelf mad,and joyned two ridiculous Creature! 
to a Plow, driving them upon the Sea-fhore^ 
which he had Town with Salt inftead of Corn. 
But as he was both brave and wife in feats of 
War, the Grecians would not depart without him* 
Therefore Palamedes undertook todifcoverhis 
diffimulation, by the means of his young Son, 
whom he had got out of the hands of Penelope m 7 
for he laid him down in the way by which the 
Plow was topafs, when Vlyjfes perceived it, he 
turn’d it a little afide, forkar of touching the 
Babe, by this Palamedes difcovered, that he was 
mad but in appearance, out of d^ fign, therefore 
he forc’d him to take another refolution. After¬ 
wards, in the heat of the Siege of Troy, he re- 

- veng’d himfelf upon 'Palamedes for this aifcove- 
ry, producing fuppofed Letters from Priant 
againft him, toperfwade the Greeks thac he had a 
defign to betray the Army, therefore he was fto- 
ned by the Souldiers. 

There was no fmall difficulty to get alfo A * 

chilles, the Son of Pdem, and of the Goddeft 
Thetis, The Deftinies had pubhfh’d that Troy 
could never be taken, without the alfiftance of 
this invincible Captain. From his Infancy, 

Thetis had put him into the hands of Patroclus his 
Friend and Kinfman, that he might ftudy under 
Chiron the Centaur , a molt accomplifhed Per- 
fon, not only in Phyfrck and Mufick, but alio 
in all other Sciences and Arts requifite to make a 

Man fit for great undertakings. Inftead of milk 

O and 


Cfc. 1 5 


^eatfjen 


could (carce forfake his 


\ * ' 


V 




210 


©tgoip of tfie 


Book II; 


and other ordinary food, he did fuffer him to $at 
nothing but the marrow of Lions, and of wild 
Beafts, that the courage and ftrength of thefe 
Animals might by that means be pourilhed in 
him *, from hence it is, according to the judg¬ 
ment of fome, that he is named Achilles , becaufe 
Ab aprivniva being fed in this manner without any common 
*nd diet, he had no Chyle, Afterwards Thetps carried 

* him into Hell to dip him in the River Styx , that 

he might be invulnerable all over his body, ex¬ 
cept in his heel, which Ihe held in her hand, and 
He led,an Ar- which was not dipt. With all this precaution Ihe 

could not be freed from apprehension, when the 
on^to Ttoy. Princes were to meet at the Rendezvous of 

the Army. Therefore Ihe fent him to the Court of 
King Lycomedes in the habit of a young Lady \ 
whilft he there lived, he fell in love with the fair 

* -4 / ‘ 

* 1 )eidamirat of whom he had a Son, named Pyrrhus 
or Neoftolemus. Notwithftanding Vlyjfes found 
him out; for when he came to the Palace of Ly - 
comedy , carrying with him feveral pretty things 
for the young Ladies of the Court, he had a- 
mongft them beautiful Arms, of which, aAchilles 
being led by Nature, took hold, and fo difcover- 


ed himfelf. 


When therefore he could not be 


freed from going with the reft to the War, Thetis 
defired V'ulcan to make him fuch defenfive Arms, 
as might not be pierced,to render him more fecure 
in the midft of dangers. 

The Haven of Aults in Bceotia over againft the 
Ifland of BvJocea , now named Ntgropom, was 
the Rendezvous of all the Army } but they were 
rnany years in preparing all things neceflary for 
fo great a defign, j for the Fleet was no left than 
twelve or thirteen hundred Ships. And at laft 

there 






• U *;/re - * -.+* i-- ■ Ir • **:*? r* trx , :r_ W 


v.. 




* 1 

Ch. i y 


Deatlieil Demi-Uods 



J* JL M 


there happened an unfortunate accident, that put 
Plague to fpread through the Armyanddeftioy 


/ 


great multitudes of the Souldiers 


The Oracks mif.itt ifM 


informed them 


that there was no other way 


Sill, 


ftop the increafing Evil, and 


appeafe 




Wrath of this Goddefs, but to fpill >ponthe 'affl 


f 


Altar 'the blood of Ag 


Vlyjfes under 


oxe 


ftanding themeaning^ofthisLanguage,employ- ^ TJJ? 


- - r i • fs*n * 

ed his cunning to caffe the Daughter of this un- mifAa , m 
fortunate Prince,by name co^ into 


the Camp 


We may eafily~imagin in what af- 


flidtion he was, to fee his own Chd^ whom he 
renderlv loved with an extreme affeftion, to be 
led to the flaughter. When the Throat of this 
Princefs was ready to be cut Duma had compff 
fion on her, and of her Fathers grief, and the 

fore (heputin her place a ihe Goat “/f 
Viftim, and tranfported this young L y 




T emple at Tanr is in Scyth 


commending 


her to the keepmg of her great Prleft Th°as, and 
appointing her to attend upon her Altars At 
ter this, all things fucceeded well, and the Voy 


age proved happy 


they arrived at Troy 


only Telephus King of Mi jut endeavoured to hin 


der their paflfage 


but he was foon put to flight 


being defperately wounded by the L anceof^ 

Mil. The Oracle informed him .that the 

only means to appeafe his grief, and th Y 
medv to his Wounds was to be fought from the 

J - • 1 J . ^1 _ 


Lance that had made them 


Therefore he la 


boured to ingratiate himfelf with 

* 

% 







having been inftru&ed by'the great Phyfitian 

Chiron, knew how to cure him; ht fent unto h j£ 


Remedy 


which there was fome^of the ruft 


of the Spear which had wounded him. 

# 

Additional Note. 

‘" forms “'-that this Expedition a- 

the Greats had againft the Afum Peopl/which 
did encourage them to offer affronts to oneanother 

This was atruecaufeofthe Voyageof Hercules 
In revenge? £, llow Worthies “gainft LaomedX: 

IlTr-i 2 . rec ‘ ans L The y ,n requital didbeliege 


and lack Troy. 


Darius and Xerxes, the two Em 


peronrs of made an Inroad intoGw<W,tore- 

thisfinoH n,Un m reCe * Ved f rom ^Inhabitants of 
ftout Soldiers, were met together in this Army of 

Green <7 alamedes was famous for his Inventi- 
r,s . He wasan expert Engineer, a Learned Ma- 

~ -* n , , 


Mtrfuras 


thematician. 
Counfeller. 


a witty Aftrologer, and a wife 
Fhiloflratus aferibes to him the in* 


InZU'oT ~ ,° f ^ one y. Sun-Dials, Weights and 

Argivus,^ r “ as, _ and many other ufeful things: he 
Pdlamedes, ut v T as tIl€ . s °n of Nauplim Prince of Euboea, mieh- 

fj G 7 e, ! iu ^ r y i n lf , by V W' S 5 for whil ft he lived, the fat 

• 7- C - s er b . ad re %<ft fhewed unto him : By his ca- 

.Tf* he rendred him odious to Agamemnon, 

mho ln the abfence of Achilles he caufed him 

to be ftoned to death, and made it be proclaimed 

that none Ihould offer to bury him. Achilles and 

Ajax , notwitlUTanding this prohibition, put him 

not aflilfc 

the Gnaws for a while after. 

* 


f 


Vlyjfes 





/ 


»1 " p 

/?/ 

Ch. i y. tyedtStlt Demi-Gods. 21$ 

\ Vlyjfes was the Son of Anticlea , the Daughter He is called by 

of Autolycm 5 when (he was going to Prince La- Ho f mer >*ohv- 
trtes, to whom fhe had been promifed in Marriage, 
the famous Robber Sifyphtu ravifh’d her, and be- fignifie his* 
got Vlyjfes, as Ajax faith in the Metam. of Ovid, cunning, and 

l, 13, - He was not willing to accompany the 

Greeks in this Expedition, becaufe the Oracles %/^si/ypbio, 

had foretold unto him the dangers, that he was to 71^5 was on jy 

run,and the difficulty of a return. Therefore he a reproach. 

did prefer the company of his fweetPfw/op^to the 

glory ofa famous Vi&ory,for which he was to pay 

fo dear. Achilles alfo forfeeing that he fhould 

end his days before Troy, hid himfelf inthe Court 

of King Lycomedes, in the Ifland of Scyros ; 

but he was difeovered by Vlyjfes, as Vlyjfes had 

been by Palamedes. Now the reafon which did 

oblige the Grecians to get Achilles with them>was 

becaufe the Oracle had declared, that it wasim- 

poflible for them to overcome, unlefs they had in 

their Army one of the Race of the JEacides, the 

Arrows and Bows of Hercules,and unlefs they did 

get into their pofleflion theHorfes of Rhefus before 
they fhould drink of the River Scamander. 

The Trojans had likewife three conditions pro- 
pofed unto them,upon which did depend the pre¬ 
servation of their City from ruin. The firft was the 
keeping the Talladmn, or of the Image of Pal¬ 
las. The next was, the Life of Troiltu the Son of 
Priam. The N laft was, whilft the Sepulcher of 
Laomedon did remain untouch’d upon the Gate 

Scaa. Troiltu was killed by Achilles, the Talla- 
dium was ftolen by Vlyffes, and the Army of %he- 
fus defeated by Diomedes and Vlyjfes ; fo that the 
Deftinies had appointed the taking oiTroy. 

•a — r 

* 

O 3 CHAP. 




/ > 

« . 


214 


? Min. 1, 




etc piaow of t&e 


Book II; 


% \ 


* I 


f * 


CHAP. XVI. 




• ft 


Of the Siege of the City of Troy. 


W Hen the Greeks were fet down before 

this ftrong Place, they found a greater 
refiftance than they had imagined* King Prim 
had furnilhed himfelf with all things necelfary 
for a long Siege, and Memnon one of the beft 
Commanders ,of his time, had brought unto him 
valiant Companies of Souldiers from the King of 


AJfyria. 


* And Penthefilea , Queen of the A 


wagons, was already arrived with thefe powerful 


Aids. 


Belides Rhefue King of Thracia 


and 


Sarpedon the Son of Jupiter King of Lycia , were 
on their march, with a delign to joyn with hiiti 
againft the Greeks . Alfo the men of Troy did 
repofea great deal of truft in their Palladbitni 
which was the Statue of Minerva fallen fro& 

Heaven, and upon which all their fatality, and 
the Event of this War did depend \ for the Orar 
cles had proclaimed, that they Ihould never be 
overcome by their Enemies, whilft they could 
Keep it among# them. The fame hath fince been 
faid to the Romans concerning, their Ancile, 2 
little Buckler, which alfo fell down from Heaven 


in the time of Nhma Pompilius. 


But the greateS 


part of the Gods were their Enemies, as Horn# 

informs us} for when they were all met toge T 

ther before Jupiter , to confult about this bull- 

nefs, they could never agree-, their Difputes 

were fo hot, that there was at firft caufe to ima- 

gin, that they would end in a pr rfonal quar¬ 
rel 





#eait&en Demi-Gods. 


21 s 


ft 

tel JMh 6 & 6 M 

* w£» t« » 

S' Hom - im ‘“ 

2his hand,upon the poor Scantier, and confu- 

m TMs° memorable'siegebfted many years, fo 

thaT it proved fatal to both parties, Severn of 
the great Commanders loft,their ^vesbut fonw 

les was one of the molt re marram ^ J 79V Wi0SVT9 

lour, and his other excellent <1 - as a lf 0 

r/Kd his Favourite was a noted Captain, as a o Horaer . 

*•* £»» SST 

°i ™“S' S ITS"- 

tt_the Row and Arrows, anu T « 


excellent in handling the Bow and Arrows, and ** 2 . 

the Lance the Son of C-f-ww was 

wounded K«<», (he in reven ge n,ade . hl *^*he'buhta City’now ailed 
not return home; hut ^ed m if jy, ^ raetamo(ph ofed into Orange 

SSI the N"the y Jks. * **• i!b - «• 


O 4 


noted 







» 


zi6 


C&e Q>lfEo}v of the 


noted for his Cojirag 


Baofc it 


alfo his in timate Friend 


Dionedcs King of "i tot,a, and Son of TyjZ 

h ® ", as not % that cniel 


P‘ 9 me J es , the King Of ThrmU, who was flain 

by Hercules' u ~ - ’ • 


valiant. 


for he was both 


He marched 


the Fight as quick 


and 


the Thunder burftsout of a Cfoud, or as a 1 
rent that tumbles down a fteep Mountain, as 

Homr informs us. None but Achilles and A. 


Tor 


1 ^j CLllXA 

jax the Son of Telamon did go before him 


the reputation of 


great Commander, for V 


Mis did excel more in cunning than in Courage* 

againft the Enemies. 6 war 

»He Is ailed _ * NeSlor was three hundred years old, he was 

ITef, V€ry e Uf t 1 H his Counfells! 

mouth'd. He ^ Eloquence, _for he infinuated himfeif into 

was the Son of j-h e minds of his Auditors fopJeafantlv as if 

Nelm King of honey had dropt from his month wn-h u;- 


was the Son of 


King of honey 


words 


dropt 


Agamemnon had fuch 


his mouth with hi? 


high efteem of 


reftored unto him a nign eiteem of 

WrahisKing. P 1 ™’ that he did often fay. That if there were 

dow y becaufe !f ut ten meh as Ncttor in his Army, the City of 

of H«/> _/ v/iti rnn J r\ n/\4. u —__ 1 /• '« • , J 


there were 


rfhis Juflice. Troy could not haye made fo long a refiftance 

Trll? S?X in Siege 


They wanted 


Vintm T/o'ri* f e C2rr / hg ° n , of the * r De hgn. They Had 
precor tgndU- y 1 ™** and Euriftlw two experienced Sooth- 
re fcMftce.Sm, layers, who did inform them of the time to 

Worn. , 5 °“? that L th£ y mi S ht "“ke Pavilion accor- 

i!‘ nS y - J h ;i y had allb 3 Learned Phyfidan, by 
tif»s i, wnh- ffv"*'’ , th i Son of JEfcHlMius, who 


precor egrtdla¬ 
te ftnefta’.Siat, 

P4p. 1. I 


? v *6C 

SK Horn. 


healed ail 


Machaon, the Son of ALfculerpiw, who 

all forts of Difeales ; and a witty 


¥*• • , , - 1 Cl »¥iUL 

ngmeer, who invented feveral Engins of War 
p rticuiarly that which was called the great Ram 
or the Horfe, with which the Enemies did and 
only batter down the Walls of a befieged City, 


There 



i 







Ch. 1 6 


fjJtatben Demi Gods 


«7 


There was alfo anill-lhap’d fellow amongft them 

» 


named Therfit 


whc«fe"mind was as full of evil 


L- 


/ 


? 


qualities, as his body was deformed with ill-fa* 

voured features. He was the greatft Coward 
in the Army, yet he had the confidence to op- 
pole all the ableft and flouteft Commanders. 

Achilles was one day fo inraged againft him,that 

he knock’d him down and kill’d him with a blow 

ofhlS flit* , i j j Up «| filled 

The firft of the Grecians Army who landed, ^ 
when they were arrived in the Province ot Troas > becaufe he w. 


Prothefilaus 


Hettor caft him dead 


fwife in 




ground with a blow of his Lance. His Wife Lao- ning. 

Jam,a requelted this favour from the Gods, to 
comfort her in her violent affliction, only to fee tmcur f U s iie 
asain the Ghoft of her deceafed Husband, which m brasPyUcl 
was granted, but when ihe offered to embrace it, dtn. Claud. 

|he fell down dead. .. , * 

There were many flain aud much blood ipilt. 


in the frequ 


Sallies of the Befieged 


Troilus 


one of the Sons of Triam ventured out againft Euripid. In 
Achilles-, though he were very young, but he W. 

was unhappily killed by him *, his death did 

mightily afflift the Trojans , becaufe the Oracle 
had ptomifed.. that the Citv fiiould never be ta- 


ippily killed by him *, his death did 

affiidl the Trojans, becaufe the Oracle 
ifed, that the City fiiould never be ta¬ 


ken whilft he lived. His elder Brother Hettor re¬ 
veng’d his death by the cruel flanghter of a multi¬ 
tude of the Greeks , with whom he did encounter. 
So that the Befieged did often fay, that he alone 
was able to deftroy the Enemies Army., 


This ApHle h 


In the mean while the love of Women did 
more prejudice to the Grecians than the Tro- j 


put his 


- .- - becaufe hedid 

flight, and a vki& from auxij Hibty becaufe he brings 

” A tr l _/*_ t__ in 


light into the World, or from avx@- a mlf, 
the Image of a W olf in Egypt. 


becaufe he was adored 


Egyp 


lans 






2 l8 


Y 


%\t pittmattb* 


Book II 


jdns weapons; for Agamemnon entertaining the 


Daughter of 


Prieft of Apollo, drewagrie 


• I 


vous plague upon the Army, which deftxoyed 
many, until Achilles caufed her tobefent home 
to her Parents, to appeafe the pleafure of this 
God, by the advice of the Sooth-fayer Calchas. 
This adion did mightilyvex Agamemnon, who 
to revenge himfelf upon Achilles , took from him 
Brifeis, otherwife named Hippodamia, the Daugh- 


* ^ 


fed 


of Chryft 
to go ou 


for which caufe Achilles , refu 


to fight, or 


aflift his Com 




(It 


• 4 


’A'TAp rttyb 

vs tX* 


panions. 

But when it happened that Patrocltu had taken 
upon him the Arms of Achilles, to encounter 
Held or, becaufe he had nOthls ftrength and ex- 


*opv0aiaA@- cellent qualities, Held or run him through with 


*£*>?• Hc 
Iliad. 1. 1 7 


a Lance, and call him dead to the ground. A- 
chilles was very much affli&ed,for the misfortune 


A J iuuv.ii umivtwu^ ivi um lUiJlUiU 

liM' i nt * mat;e friend, therefore to revenge 


uteAa* ctKAUjj. . r 7 “ , , , - 

Summufp dies he returned again to the Camp with other Arms, 
Hedoris idem which fade an had newlymade for him 


patriaq -fui 
Homer call’d 


At the 


fir ft opportunity he went out 


meet 


r 


him fincKo- him 5 an< ^ h av i n g tyed his body to his Gha- 

«©*,and^dp ri ? r ’ he dragg’d it three times round about the 

TpaW, and City, and about the Tomb of Patroclm, and 


and about the Tomb of Patroclus , and 


rSwovO-. afterwards fold 

might bury it, 
Countrey. 


it to his Father Priam, that he 

according to the Cuftom of the 


1 T 


* / 


% * 


This death of Hettor did terrific the Befie- 
ged, but they were much more affrighted, when 

they faw Penthefilea , the Queen of the Amazons, 
kill’d alfo by Achilles , and all her Companions 
either cut in pieces or drowned by Diomedesinthz 
River Scmmder, , 


\ 


Mcmnon 




~ . ► -1 


<» On - 


'.'i**. :«■ u/>.’ 



Ch. 1 6 


^catljeu Demi-Gods. 




the (laughter of the Enemies 


*. I 


The Trof 


id afterwards look "P^^'d'angetoufll woun- 

isgisz -*■ «**■ 


—- - Son of Telamon , an d rt l 

ded aV*£ Idl’d by Acbihs in a Angle fight 

Wehave IlrLdy taton notice in the tenth Cha 


pter 


of the firft Book, how his Mother Aurora 


Was afflifted for him, and how he was metamor- 
phofed into a Bird. Manmn dead, and 

the ftoutoft of her Ctnldren ™ fe her felf-up- 
fhe fought how the tmgnc i , & r _ : ^^.\ nry . 


him, ?<*w protnifed 


give her fatisfadtion 


-jsrtssrt ss «—- 


Potjxtna h it S ^ e lde f0 B ^ V b^rpi»inte^ima 

meeting in the l mp r h . fl was mo {fc 
about this . bu ? t ft A rrow wounded that raor* 

Sl U 5tt 7hk St,which had not been dipp d m 

the River Styx. . .. trou ble the Grecians, 

His death did ™8 ht ^„ b npon the Promon- 
who raifed for him a n 1 and fflan y 

tory of Stgdunh w *f cer wirdstherehap- 
thev did belong to him •, not only tor - an d Wndefed 

the Bulwark of the G«*>, ^ X put upo" him his Lions sk 
vulnerable by the prayers of ».«!«, I'"° 

. i /* i fnaf he 


marrying her 


19 

'0 o 


his 


defired Jupiter ^* 1 


Pindar, in Od 


might not be 


i)e$ to wounds, only um 




and 


V 








' \ 


no 


Sopliocl. in 
A jace. 


C()e fyittofp of tjje 


Book u. 


a ". d , fo . r h j, s ^lour, but alfo becaufe hewas nrar 
allied in blood to Achilles. Nemthelefi i/ ^ 

knew ft well how to perfwade his Judges who 

were the Commanders of the Gt££%S? 
them'to ft m hT EI ° qUence ’ th at they 

them to him ; which put Ajax in fuch a furv rhll 


Herd of Swine, and fancying thefe Beafts to he 
Agamemnon, Menelaus, and the reft ofhis Tudpes 

he endeavoured to deftroy them. S JUdge ^ 


T/' fir* to'wcu; rU r irwritf" 

Aoxap hf CfMV X**e$ (pfoa. 


% 

Butwhenhecameto underftand hisgrofsmi 
ltake, he killed himfclfwith the Sword that He- 

f°: ^d given him, verifying the Greek Proverb, 

sr-* tr 

tan fel l “S™!,"" 1 A, “ "fth 

}^ hen A - htUes was dead, the Befieeed beean 

XZts *; d Tf “ r k SS 

arrived ^rom J? c ^ e S° n of Achilles being 

hh Office. , fu"u’ ? cceeded his Fath « in aB 

counSfs 'ltl " h A had 1,0 ,efs fuccefs in the En- 
unters, although he was yet very vounn u» 

sr T" V ™ 

rvL r he kill’d the Traitor 

morallv with 5 n y ’ that PMcSote, wounded him 

™rS. ne ° f the P°y foned Arrows of 
thef/ p/;/ BefIe ® ed wer€ fo “"happy, as to fee 

C.cy did depend, ftokn and carried away pri- 

vately 


I - 


/<- 


4 « 





Ch. i 6. ^eatfodt Demi-Oods. 

vately by Vlyjfes and Diomedes 
King Priam to capitulate w 


i s 


f 

I 


Which caufed 


3 


King Priam to capitulate w ith the Greekh To 
that he came to an agreement,but he had no mind 
to reftore Helena , who had been married to 
Deifbobtu, another of his Children, after the death 

of Paris. 

JEneas and Antenor were Commiflioned to 
treat with the Enemy. They concluded a Peace 
for a certain Sum of Money, and for a certain 

quantity of Provifions, which the Trojans were 
tofurnifh the Creeks for their return home. 

Additional Note. 

The City of Troy being fir ft built by Darda- Dardenus Ma¬ 
nus, and called from him Dardanida. was after- 
wards enlarged by Jins his Succelfor^ and named yirgii. 

Ilion or Hi am. This Prince made his prayer to 

theGods,that they would vouchfafe untohim fome 

fign,by which he might underftand whether or no 

they did approve of his building this City. Im- K ^ £ .* - 

mediately at his word there fell down from above 

the Palladium , which was an Image of three cu- 

bits long, holding in one hand a Lance, and in the ipH c¥ 

other a Spindle with a DiftafF. The Statue did no wro a/?o w 

fooner touch the earth, but it began to march in Vi 


1UU11CL IUUU1 LUC vdl LII^ UUi it iuuawi aw 

the prefence of the King. The Oracle afterwards ^ 
did inform him; that Troy fhould never be ta- pitot OKiQf, 
ken nor deftroyed, whillt that remained fafe. &c. 

Vlyjfes zndDiomedes ftole fecretly into the Cita. Homr * lK 20f 
del of Troy through a Gutter, and carried away 

the Tallodium, afterwards tAineat tranfported it 

into Italy, where it was committed to the keeping 
of the Veftal Virgins. 

Pnam was aflifted by many powerful Neigh¬ 
bours: Rbcfns came with a great Army to raife the 

Siege, but Diomedes with Vlyjfes were difpatch’d 

to 






I 



2.X% Cljc pitolV of tU Book 11 

H^was the to meet him in the way y they put to flight his 
fon of the Ri- men ^ 2 xid killed him *, but after his death he was 
ver stygmon ' reverence das a Hero in his Countrey, and Altars 


and 


the 


MuCeEuterpe, were eredted to him; unto which the Poets fay, 
or of Eiontus, that the Wild Beafts came of their own accord 


Phitofir. 1 
TrottiUo 


be facrificed 


He was 


his life mightily 


addided to the fport of Hunting, for that reafon 
they did offer unto him after his Death Wild 


Beafts 


* He was call’d * Memnon was one of. the chief Officers and 
Lippu by the Generals of Theutamm King of Verfia, whofent 
t /Egyptians, his Succours to affift hisVaffal againft the 
paitfan. ' Q ree i St He gave order to Memnon Viceroy of 

Where he was _ , >. ° ^ •* _. -c 


his Succours to affift Pmsw hisVaffal againft the 


Greeks 


He gave order 


Memnon Viceroy of 


hilled the Po- Ethiopia, to march thither with ten thoufand £ 


t hi op fans and other Souidiers; but he was fiain 
by Achilles for killing Antilochus , the Son of 

Hefior. 

Sarpedon, the Son of Jupiter and Hippoda- 


Fountain 


fprung 
which 
drops ( 


yielded 


every year on mia the Daughter of Belleropbon , or as fome fay 


the day of his of Jupiter and Europe was at the Siege of Troy , 
death. Na.Com. hi$ Kinfman Glaucus the Son of H yppolo- 

S i^l° cbus the Sonalfo of ‘Bellerophon ; he was killed by 


lochm Neflore ^ 

tatrt ohii. Au- Pamelas 


fon./n Epitaph. It is needlefs to mention all the Commanders of 
’AyltKijc * rl $ both Parties. Homer gives a fufficient account of 
Hio Peons?®- t bem, and of their Habitations. Antilochm de- 

ffom! ferves to be reckoned amongft the moft famous 

Pindar. ' and generons Worthies, for his love to his Fa- 
Ovid faith o- ther £nd his refolucion. He was the youngeft 
therwife in Pi?- 0 £ a jj t b e Greeks, a great Favourite of Achilles, 

Smqli 11 An- when his Father was ready to be kill’d by Mem* 
tilochum mr - non, Antilochns ftept in between them, and re- 
rabat ah He- ceived in his breaft the mortal blow, that was in 
aore lift urn, ten ded againft the old man. Achilles revenged his 

&c « i .i _a at. a... 


Pindar. 
Ovid faith 


and 


to be reckoned amongft the moft famous 
nerous Worthies, for his love to his Fa- 
id his refolucion. He was the youngeft 


tended againft the old man. Achilles revenged his 

death at the requeft of Nefior . 

, 'We 


-* i C, :.' >* - 








Ch. i>7 


aea^ett Demi 






7 

/ 




1 


We mutt not forget to fay. fomething of Id»- 
mneus the Grandchild of Minas and of De*r.a- . B(W 
lion* their Succeffor in. the Kingdom or Canaia. becaufe there 
He brought a ftout Army of Candiots to Troy, were in it an 
and did many brave Adions worthy of a ftout 
Commander. When Troy was taken, he was ap- are but t b ree> 

pointed to feparate the Spoils,and allot unto every c audit, cam 

1 _ - r t • 17 ■ • ^ A-ill ~ Fi*nm 


ceUent Archers, trained upm this Exercife from J 

their infancy ; for the Mothers did fid dom give ~j nccs . ^ 
any victuals to their Children, until they had nxt a hj rd j s 
an Arrow in a Mark no bigger than a (hilling,at a mo. Gnofus 
confiderable diftance. The Inhabitants of the 1 - ^stheMetro^ 
(lands Bale ares, now Majorca and Minorca , were omm> 

excellent Siingers, their Children were wont alio featcd upott 


His Kingdom was full of 


the 


to deferve their Break-faft, by hitting the Mark 
with a ftone out of a fling. 


i 

now called 
Philoitri. 



CHAP. XVII. 

. t 

Of the Taking and Ruin of the 

City of Troy. 

♦ 

• 9 

T He Peace which the Greeks had concluded column ever - 

with the Trojans 5 was but a Cheat, to fur -fumocciditpd 

prife them with lefs difficulty. When they rai-« 
fed the Siege, they pretended to leave behind /a j 8r _ 


they pretended to leave behind Side 


them a Prefent for Minerva 


ppeafe her 


Tmd. 


wrath, as if they had difpleafed her by ftealing 
away and profaning the Palladium ; for that 
nurnofe thev caufed a Wooden Horfe ofapro- 


purpofe they caufed a Wc 
digious bignefs to be made 


In the Belly of 


they fhut up a great many of the ftouteft, and 

of the ableft Soldiers of the Army, as Virgil 

faith. 





-At- 


I 


T 




tCfte tynwef t&c 


Book II 


faith, and left it before the Wails of the City 


when they arofe to be gone 


but they retrea¬ 


ted only as far 


the lfland of Tenedos, ftay 


ing there to fee the fuccefs of their Enter- 
prife. 

The Befieged did immediately go out of their 
City, where they had been (hut up folong: 

They vifitall the Quarters of the Greeks Army: 
They admire this great Wooden Horfe : At laft 
they deliberate, to know whether they fhould 


carry it 


mind 


others 


their City, 
iealous of 


Some were of that 
, amongft the reft 


Laocoon caft his Lance at it, for which deed the 
Gods did feem to punilh him, for they fent two 
fearful Serpents to kill him and his two Chil¬ 
dren, which afterwards went to the Statue of 


Pallas, and there refted 


This accident caufed 


them all to reiolve to drag and carry this Woo¬ 
den Engine into the City. 

They were far more eager when they heard 
the Relation and difeourfe of one Sinort , a 
fellow taught for this purpofe by Vlyffes , and 


taken 


Spy 


He told them, that when the 


Fleet was ready to fetfail towards Greece, the 
Gods had demanded a Grecian to be facrificed 


them, that the Voyage might be profp 


) 


and that Vlyjfes his mortal enemy having caufed 
the Lot to fall upon him, he was forced to run 
away and hide himfelf. Thus perfifting in his 
difllmulation, he told them, that the defignof 


the Greek j 


was to reconcile themfelves to 


the Goddefs Pallas , therefore they had dedica 


ted 

fed 


:o her this Horfe, which .theyhad 
be made fo large, that it might not < 


within the Wails of the City 


and that tho 

Troians 


I 


i 




! 


v 


Oh. 


. W 

A 

1 


toiat&Cit fceffii-Gods 


iif 


1 *,* > 
« • * 

; • _ 


Trojans might not make ufe of it, to their advan¬ 
tage,and to the prejudice of the Greeks. _ 

This Difeourfe removed out of their minds 
all iealonfie and fulpicion, and caufed them to re 
folJe to break down a part of the Wall to car : 


A 




/ 


folve to break down a 
ry in this great Horfe 


Every 


m ployed 


himfelf in this work with all their power and 
diligence, and then they departed to drink, 
to dance, and make merry, until the Even¬ 
ing, until they were all overcome with a deep 

fleep 

When Sinon faw things in this pofture, he 
opened the belly of the Horfe, to let out the Sol- 

A ^ « i i . 1 ^ /l* i t 1 n 


'J 


diers 


who had been there (hut in, and then 


he lighted a Fire 


give notice to the Army 


which did haften back again without noife. The 

Greeks entred by the Breach that had been 


lately made 


the Wall, and foon difperfed 


themfelves into every part of the City to burn and 


plunder 


Pyrrhus went diredtly to the Kings Pala ? t inti us e jug# 
to revenge his Fathers death j he did there maf- ^ 
facre Friamus, and one of his Sons, Polites, be- p r iam. in Tro- 
fore the Altar of Jupiter, and then he^ caufed ad. Sen. 


the Kin 


Palace, £n f ts f enil 


the throat of Poly 


be cut as a Sacrifice 


to the Soul of his Father, who had loved her.He 

fpared the life of Andromache, the Wife of He-Vyrrhus parm 
ftor , and carried her into Greece , where he had ti conjugm 


by her a Son named Molojft 


who was after ^ radat f li0 


.—r fuuZXiy, i- e - & 

King of part of Efims,unto which hehathieit ^ 0 iy Xtnm , 


-O X / 

his name. 

Cajfandra was ravifh’d by Ajax of Locris , al~ 
Though (he embraced the Statue of Pallas to fave 
her felfv but Agamemnon kept her alive,and in his 
fervice, becaufe of her rare qualities. 

P Menelam 



l t_- * - ■ t . • 







V 




22 6 


€&e Pfflo# af tfce 

Mmlaus received Helena again 


Book il 

his Wife, 




*He was be- after that he had ftabb’d,* Deiphobu* who had 
frayed to Mi - married her. Hecuba fell to the Lotof Vlyffes, 

XfL Mofil anc ^ Helenas-* Son of a Priam , who was a Sooth- 


lent, his Nofe r r . , , _ - 

and Ears were layer, was prelerved by Pyrrhus^ from whom 
cut off, and af- he received many other Civilities, becaufehe had 
terwards he hindered him from embarking himfelf in a Ship, 

by*™" whereofhe had foretold the Sfaipwrack. 

See Virg. 6. . Some did 1 alio endeavour to fave.thelife of 


fayer 


hereof he had foretold the Shipwrack 


Some did alfo endeavour 


t Aneid.Hdtn* little A fly 


the Son of Hettor 


fave.thelife of 

. His Mother 


crater,* merry Andromache had won the confent of all the Com 
S£fnnma h nn l ? anc krs °f the Army by her tears and fupplica 


tears fprung up 
the herb Hele- 


only Vlyfft 


xcepted, who prevailed fo 


niim or Heli - much upon them, that he was condemned to dye 
campane. and to be call headlong from the top of a Tower 
£nrip. in. Bel. for fear, as he faid, that he fhould undent 


w £a«p !^- o/a 
VOTTQhaV OX 


for fear, as he faid, that he fhould undertake 
one day to revenge the death of his Father. This 
was not the true reafon, that perfwaded him to 
this cruelty, but only a blind ’paflion had oblig’d 
him to it: for if that reafon had been the caufe. 


him to it ^ fo 
why did they 
of Priam ? wh 


put 


death Helenas the Son 


of Priam r who was able to do as much mifehief, 
and yet he was preferved alive. 

All thefe miferies, with the burning of theCity 
of Troy, happened after ten years Siege, about 
three hundred years after it had been built by 
Bar damn . This Storv is 


Bardamu. This Story is very true, although it 

Diclys was of he mingled with Fables,and that Dittys and Dares , 
Crete, and Da- two Hiftorians of that time, have made no men- 
m a Phrygian, tion of the Souldiers who were fhut into this great 

Wooden Horfe,that had been left by the Greeks 
before the City of Troy. 

Nothing remains to this Relation, but only the 

knowledge of the Adventures of fome of the 
Commanders of the Greeks and Trojans in their 

Voyages, 




'--A* 




\Jr m A. TP 

l.f ? • -'c ; 




,•*/ r 


r • . *: 


* . 


7 


* • % 


Ch 


7 


~ ' 

®)eat6en DemUGods 


-.t 


Voyages,after the deftruffcion of the City,for the 

understanding of the Poets. 

We have already taken notice, how Ajax of 
locris had ravifh’d Oajfandra in the prefence of A owZv A* 
the Statue of T alias ^ unto which (he had fled 
for protedion. This Goddefs puniih’d him for ^'K « A/aj0 
fo great an infolencv, when he was at Sea, in He did enter 


fo great 


his return homewards 


infolency, when he was at Sea, 


from Jap 


the 


:ds, for ihe having obtained tain Sefp 

favour of difpofing of his fec j 


Tempdts and Thunderbolts but 


imployed 


who fed at his 
Table. In the 


them 


rendring the Sea tempeftuous, and m as - lQ £taly an a 


burning the Ships of Ajax , to drown him. * Ne- Barbary , 

verthelefs he faved himfelf by fwimming to the Snakes do 

next Rocks, upon which he climbed, and in a 
rage againft the Gods he did declare, that he Joules, eat the 
would free himfelf from this danger, only by his crams of 
ftrength, maugre all the Gods which words when bread, and 

Neptunw had heard, he broke off* the top of the C J. 
Rock, on which he ftood, with his Trident, and Cats ’ -phe 

tumbled it into the Sea, fo that he was thefe urns have no 
drowned-, but Thetis being moved with compaflion other Cats tc 

for him, took him and buried him upon the Sea- jjj? 01 ® ta 5 [ r 


fhore with her own hands. truths, ‘that 

Agamemnon fell in love with the Prifoner ot Ajax,Ca ffandra^ and took her 
away by force, therefore he fled away in a little Boat, and was drowned 
in a tempeftuous Sea. 

♦ 

Nauplm alfo was very much difpleafedat the Bauplim the 
Commanders of the Army, becaufe they had Son of tieptu* 

unjuftly condemned his Son Palamedes to death, nm an <J 
by the perfwafions of Vlyjfes, therefore he ^^ghter of 

Danaiu King of Argos, endeavoured to revenge himfelf upon the Greeks* 
by perfwading their wives at home to make them Cuckolds in their abfence* 

And when the Army returned, hecaufed many fhips to run a ground upoif* 
his Ifhnd,Ki]iing all that came into his power. 


The 


P % 


cau fed 


% 















* 


I 


22 


Clif 5>ffio?p of fte 


Boob II 


taufed many Fires 


Caphareus 


be kindled pn the top of 


the Ifland of Euboea , over againft 


Hellefpont, that the Fleet might bend their courfe 


that way, and 


againft the Rocks of the Sea 


Chore, but his defign did not fucceed according 

to his expectation, for Vlyjfes and Diomcdes failed 
another way. 

When Idomenetts , pne of the valianteft Com¬ 


manders of the Army 


ready to becaft away 


by fhipwrack, he engaged himfelf in a Vow 


Nept 


to facrifice 


him the firft thing 


that he fliould meet with, when he Ihould enter 
into the borders of his Countrey, if he would 
deliver him from the prefent danger. He wasfo 
unhappy as to fee his own Sonfirft,and when 


unhappy as 


fee 


to 


he went about to facrifice him, according to* his 


promife, he was oppofed by 


People of his 


f 


Country, who would not fufter fo great an inhu¬ 
manity to be committed amongft them. Some 
fay that he did,according to his wicked Vow^offer 
his Son to Neptune , and that for this inhumanity 
he was banifhM by his Subje&s into Italy . 


/ 


.Additional Note 


There were feveral other famous Men in the 


Siege of Troy 


mentioned in this place. Poly 


Horn* llU iS 


damas and Euphorbus , the Children of Panthus 

a Troyan, were great Commanders, valiant in 
Fight, and wife in Counfels. Pythagoras in 


Commanders, valiant in 


and wife in Counfels 


Ovid faith, that 
that of Euphorbus 
nelaus. 


Pythagoras 


that his Soul had been formerly 


who had been killed by Me 


r 

1 

Ovid. Metam. Mortecarent anima,fempercjue priore relifta 


/• 1 £ 


Sede, novis domibus vi vunt } habit ant y 

& pofiea. 


recepta. 



\ 




ch. 17 


Jheat&en Demi-Gods.' 


‘V- 1 

119 

* / 3 ’' 


Ipfe ego-) nam me mini Trojani tempore belli 
Panthoides Euphorbus eram^cui pettorc quondam 
H&Jit in adverfo gravis hajba minor is Atridsc. 

It is not poflible to defcribe perfe&ly the mife- 
ries and dreadful Image of a City furprifed by an 
Enemy. Virgil repr efents the burning of Troy m 
Verfe, but Nero caufed it to appear more lively in 
the burning of Rome , which he kindled for this 

PU Thepoor Inhabitants of this unhappy City had 
no good Quarter granted to them,when Priamns 
their Prince with his Sons were cruelly murdered, 

without any refped to their qualities and age,and 

in the holieft places. Hecuha out-lived all thefe Some relate 
calamities of her People, and was tranfported into this ftory *of 

Greece where Vlyffes, whofelife file had f^red, 4 ot 

caufed her to be ftoned to death *, but her Ghoft yuiiuu 
haunted and difturbM him for this great ingrati- rabid* latra - 
tude.The Poets fay, that fhe was metamorphofed yit 9 fuas Troja 

into a Bitch, that barks continually,becaufein &"#<***** 
her life fhe never ceafed from bawling and curling u ‘ 

the Greeks, who had butchered all her relations, gee Aufon. is 
Some fay, that file was drowned in the Sea,not far his Epitaph. 

from Euboea, therefore it was called Cynmm •, 
becaufe fhe was faid to be transformed into a xvova, 

a barking Dog. 

Helena returned with her Husband to Sparta , 


m 




ba 


Seneca 


where fhe lived until his death 


She being after- yar.tiifi. cap 


wards banifh’d by the Sons of Menelaw , fled to 
Rhodes to Queen Polyxena , her old acquaintance, 

who fuffered her to be hang’d on a Tree, for her 

infamous and wicked life. 


P t 


CHAP 






I 




CHAP. XVIII. 

Of the Adventures of AGAMEMNON and of ORE¬ 
STES Ms Swifter the Siege of Troy. 


k 

S 


w 

\ 


! 



t 

+ 

t 

X 

M 

} 

i 

■ r 

' * 
* '4 


1 

'i 

■'* 

i 

3 

t 

f 


His head and 
face were like 
Jupitfr' s. his 

(houlders were enimies at home, than abroad 


Hen Agamemnon was returned from the 
Wars, with the Crowns and Laurels of 
his Vi&ories, he found more dang 


like th °ie. of temmUm 
mars, and his ^ , 


For his Wife Cly 
who had fhamefully difhonoured her 


breaft like Nc- by lnceft with JEgittus, in the abfence of her 


ftuni 
III. 2. 


• > 


t* 
». 


Horn. Husband, help’d to enfnare and murder him 

we have feen in the twelfth Chapter of this 
Book. 


| Euripid. m Cajfandra, who came with Agamemnon from 

\ 0re ( {e '-. Troy, forewarned him of the danger, afid during 

\ tl\ e Voyage did continually advertife him of the 

misfortune that waited for him at home. But 

| this Prophetefs, who had received from Apollo 

I the Gift of Prophefying the things to come, was 

j r . never credited,becaafe fhe had offended this 
: God by her unfaithful dealing} therefore he 

punilh’d her *with this difgrace, that no body • 
fhould believe what fhe faid, but rather the 

contrary. 

, Oreftes did mightily concern himfelf for the 
niaflacre of his Father, therefore in revenge of 

if ’Athis inhumanity, he put Itgiftus and his Mother 
v&yfawU Clytemneftra , the Aaors of it, to death. And 
mLTi vma Jg- although he did feem to have juft caufe to pro- 
f** 1 ceed in this manner, the Furies, that is the fe- 

£mip* Vla a$ ‘ n } or ^' e Confcience, did continually torment 

him, and difturb his thoughts, reprefenting unto 



Ch. 18 


Matty It Dfcmi-Gods 


him the foulnefs of a Son’s crime, whohad ftabb’d 

his own Mother: ' . 

He could nolonger endure this torment of mind, 

therefore he went to confult the Oracle, that in¬ 
form’d him, that the only remedy to his tronbled 
Confcience was to undertakes Voyagers far as 
Scythia Taurica, to the Temple of Diana ,to fteal 

from thence the Statue of the Goddefs, and to 

bring it into Greece.. . ...... 


According 


this advice, he went-with his 


dear Friend Py lades, the'Son of King Strophim, 
who had always lived with him, and run the fame 


dangers, and eTpouiect the lame qaarreis. 17- 

lades continued his kindnefs to him in thispccafion 

and expreffed it, by ventu ring with- him in this 

Voyage. 

The Law of the Countrey did condemn all 

Strangers, who were found within the ^orders 
of the Provinces be facrihced upon the &ltar of 


fpoufed theTame quarrels 


Vy 


• I 


of 


DtaM, unto whom nothing but huroaftd;‘Vi 


dims were offered 


Or eft 


and Vy lades, were 


taken and prefented to Thoas the High Prieft- 
who commanded there as a Soveraign Prince 


He condemned but 
which caufed a hot difpute between Orefl.es and 

SPylades , for either of them was willing to lay 

down his life to fave his friend’s. The lot fell up¬ 
on Oreftes , therefore he was given to the keeping 


of the two to death 


na. 


But 


of Jphigenia, who was the Sli r ^ 
na. But it happened that fhe quickly knew and 
acknowledged her Brother. Afterwards they 
refolved both to run away, and to free themfelves 
from the eminent perils by killing the inhumane 
Butcher Thoas *, which they found an oppor- 


Butcher Thoas \ wh 
tunity to accomplifh 


At the fame time Pylades 

P 4 came 













i 




*3 


DJftoip of t&e 


Book II 


* - • 

came to them, and all three together fled away 
with fpeed, with the Statue of Diana., which they 
* ~ hid in a bundle of Sticks ^ therefore fhe was after- 

led bvthe*" wards named * Diana fafcelis. 


led by the wan 
Griefs hvybchcu®- 


fhe 


Branches. Unto this Dima, the 


bound up in 


flees, which cuftome 


bund le of Willow 
:r humane Sacri- 


oe 


her Altar. Plutarch. 


•urgm altered, caufing the Maids and Youths to 
he blood did come, which they fprinklcd uppn 


^ * 

/* 
t \ 


- •H 


In this manner Qrefles returned happily again 

into Greece ) having freed bufrfdffrom the Furies 
that did difturb him *, and he took upon him the 
Government of his Fathers kingdom, building 

many Cities, and particularly Orctta in Thracta, 
whichis now named Adriancple. 

Additional Note. 

• * * ft 

• A 

Rex Ytgum A. ' . When Agamemnon departed with his Army to 

trides,fraterna Troy, he left with his Wife Clytcmneftrazw excel- 
conjugis ultor , lent Poet and Mufician, to divert her amorous and 


me J a flcholick thought 


4$ "J! <g l\x- r Service, *Agy(ihm the Son of Tbyefles, men- 
fonius. tipn'ed in the nth Chapter, could never have any 

accefs unto her,nor power to entice her to his luft; 
therefore he kill’d fir ft the Mufitian, and then he 
quickly prevail’d in his wicked delign. He lived 
poft Una. vh* *• with lief until Agamemnon was returned from 


while this Poet remained 


ipje tux. Au- 
fonius. 


( bi luftra it- 

Ai* ttw-rii* -j 


Troy: Then his Wife agreed mXhJEgyjlhut to kill 


■jetw itio adyjl him. AFeaft was prepared to receive him with 
dam conjuge m c> re joy,but ashe was ftepping out of aBath fhe 


caired 

in Senec. lowed 


a fhirt 


be prepared for him that was 
:ck and Arms. When he was 


in sen ec. fowed up at the Neck and Arms. When he was 

putting it on,fhe cut him over the pate wi th agreat 

Hatchet, and kill’d Caffandra with the fame wea- 
L/Efchyl .Agfa pon, whilft lAgyfihtu was deftroying the other 

sntmn, Guefts, 




8 


foeatfce 


Demi Gods 


»* * 


3.3 




Guefts, the Friends of Agamemnon, who had been 




invited to this bloody Banquet 
Some fay, that Clytemncftr. 
a malicious Fellow Oeox, rhai 
bringing withhim aRival,then 
to his death with /Bgyftbtu. I 

« _ a \ I. «*-v 


H 


d by Pxft 


re i" orel he c 

E U firm [w\ 


nted 


L/.iugn- 


faved Oreftes , and f< 


[;o her II nek 6 /to- 


thins, who was married to her Aunt ABnoebe, 
the Sifter of Agamemnon , in Boeotia, where he h- 
ved,until he found an opportunity of revenginghis 
Fathers death by killing the Murderers, vbgyfthu* 

and his own Mother. 


\ll 


Aft 


For that purpofe, he came with his intimate 'Q-rUiw ,tUr 

Friend iyX in •IS 

ClytcmncBra dwelt, feigning himielf to b. a 1 l a . lnSa()! ,. 

veliercome from Hoeotia with the certain news or 

the death of Oreftes . 'AEgyftbM received them for mA perfwa- 

that caufe with much i^’ATfokafSre of oK’ his mX ; 

Thefe dirgnifed Travellers took their time, and f .J y 

till’d horh Aaxilhm and Clytemneftra ■, tor winch fi&w- 


C U• T, P** UJJ 

kill’d both Mryfthus and Clytemneftra. ■, tor Winch 

deed they were both apprehended, and fent to Eurjp.ln Ortp. 

Prifon, but the Inhabitants fet them at liberty [ 

for Asamemnon’s fake. Oreftes was afterwards 0refte ', ctol £ 

tormented with Furies, for die unnatural malla- Euripidm | n i- 

ere of his Mother •, to deliver himfelf from them, f bigin. . 
he went to fetch Diana out of Scythia, where he Sofboc. in 
killed the High-Prieft Thm, and after his return in 
he caufed his Friend to takehis dear Sifter Elelira Bumm hi. 


Wife 


He afterwards married Hermione , the rift 

m * ^ — — 


was 


Daughter of Helenaftoi whom he ftabb’dP, the Son of 

the Son of Achilles, who had taken her by force. 

He was afterwards a very happy Prince, and iuo- 
ceeded his Father in the Government of theKmg- 

domof Argos. 

# * * % • 1 

t 


. M 



r ' w. -- ->»* 



134 C&e Of t&e Book If, 

See Hjgin. ch. Now this Tboas mentioned in thelaft Chapter, 

men f of' n*. r ? itlds me ofaftrange and pleafant Story men- 
nos. Ard Orpb. tionecl by the Poets. The Women of the Ifland 
in his Argon, Lemnos , in the Archipelagus,did forbear their ac- 

cuftomed Sacrifices to Venus , who was fo highly 
incenfed again# them for this contempt andneg- 
le< 5 t, that fhe caafed them to be lo^hiom to their 
Husbands, fo that they divorced them, and were 

married to others of Greece % they who were 
thus flighted and put away, plotted the death and 
maflacre of all the Men of the Ifland,which they 
brought to pals, only Hypfiphile fent away her 
Father Tboas, who landed afterwards in Scythia, 
and became the High-Prieft in the temple of 
Diana. The Argonauts about that time in their 
Voyage to Colcbos land at Lemnos , where they 
were requefted by the Women, during their ftay, 
to perform the Office of their murthered Hus¬ 
bands. They were as kind as the others defired, 
therefore from them did proceed a new Genera¬ 
tion, which peopled the Ifland. 



CHAP. 




Ch. 19. 


■ 

heathen Demi-Gods. 


; 



CHAP. XIX. 


vv 


Of the e Adventures of ULYSSES. 


after the Siege of Troy. 

* 

4 

Hen Vlyjfes had endured the 


of 


he* had yet to fuffer, and 


long Siege of ten years. 


the dangers of 


as long 


Voyage, that could not be finifhed 


before the end of ten years more 


As foon 


he was come out into the Main, a furious Tem- 
peft drove him on the Thracian fhore, near the 
City of the Ciconians , where he loft Hecuba , 

as lome fay: For this Qu een underftpod 

there, how her Son-in-law Polymneftor , the King 
of Thracia^ unto whom fhe had fent her little 
Son Tolydorus , with her richeft Jewels, in the 
firft beginning of the War,- had cruelly put 


him 


death,” and buried him near the Sea 


enrich himfelfwith theentrufted Goods. There¬ 
fore fhe refolved to vifit him before fhe pro¬ 
ceeded further; and that fhe might draw him 
to her with lefs difficulty, fhe thought it her 


lought 


belt way to pretend ignorance of his perfidious 
dealing, and to fend privately word to him, that 
fhe had fomething more very preciousj:o com¬ 


mit 


his keping 


But as foon as fhe faw him 


• ♦ ' * 

4 3f 


0 


¥ r •* 


« . 


• i *• 




4 


fhe flew in his face, and put out his eyes 


At Some fay that 


' 


y 

/. 

. % 


laft when 
rable efts 

murdered 


fhe could 


eftate, unto ' 

red her felf, 


which 


fcc endure the mife. *££ 
t fhe was reduced, me th , f „ NRe( 


that ulyfss 


murdered her felf. Ovid faith, that fhe was caufed her 

ftoned by the Thracians , becaufe fhe had pluck’d he killed. 
. out 



2-3 6 


Cfte Wo® of t&e 


Book If. 


out the eyes of their Prince. Afterwards fhe was 
metamorphofed into a Dog. 

we have rela- Vlyjfes was grieved for the lofs and death 

5 * “ of this Great Princefs, whom he efteemed 

ocherwife^ ac- more than ail that he had brought from Troy •, 
cording to the but this was the leaft difpleafure, that he was' 
opinion of o- to receive, for firft inftead of failing towards 


♦ • I 


We haverela- 


opinion of o- to receive, for firft inftead of failing towards 
ther Authors. j t (j aca) t h e violent Winds forced him into A- 

hfa TEoitaDh of where he arrived in the Count re y of thp 


See 


Winds forced him into A- 


his epitaph o 
Hi cub a. 


Lotopbagoi , fo named from a certain fruit cal¬ 
led Lotos y which is fo pleafant to the tafte, 
and of fucjh aftrange virtue, that as foon as his 
men had tafted of it, they loft the defire of re¬ 
turning home to their Friends, fo that he was 
forced to oblige them by violence to repair tQ 

their Ships again. 

He had no fooner fet fail from thence, but 
a fudden ftorm carried him into Sicily, where 

he fell into the hands of Polyphemus , the.moft 
noted of all the Cyclops , mentioned in the Cha- . 


pter of Neptunus. 


At his firft arrival Polyphe¬ 


mus eat up fix of his men, and promifed xq 
do him the kindnefsto referve him for the 
laft morfel. Bnt he found a way to prevent 
the others cruelty, and his own mifchief, by 
overcoming him firft with Wine, and then by 
putting out the Eye that was fixed in his fore¬ 
head . Afterwards he efcaped and fled to theG od 
tsEolus, who received him with all civility, and 
gave him as a prefent all the Winds, the Zephy - 


rui only exdepned. 


They were there kept in 


great and large Tuns, that they might nop flye 

out, nor oppofe him, in his Return Home¬ 
wards. - 


But 


A 


Ch* 19 


fteattieil Demi-Gods 


* * 

7 . 

But the Men of Vlyjfes out of curiofity open- 

ed theft Tuns,'to peep and fee what was within, 

bv that means the Winds efcaped out i fo that _ 

wlen he fpread his Sails, they toft him up and whenhenti- 

down, and forced him back again to the ftore *** 
of the Iflands of taolus, who would not receive was f or 
him again nor grant unto him any other favours rav i(hing a 

therefore he was conftrained by the violence of Maid, ultfes 

the weather to land upon the Coaft of the Lvftn- 


»4 


he fpread his Sails, they toft him upand whenheam 

and forced him back again to the (hore vedinju/y 


kill’d for 


trnus, near that place, where 
the Haven of Cujeta. There 


fituate without pay 

. J ring unto hi 


There was a kind of 


m 


Jmbropopbtgoi , a cruel People, who did inhabit ri^toSgirk 


there 


Their Kings 


AntiphateSy he did mightily 


iSfed upon*feme' of ^"hisMen, and de- ~ 
voured them, deftroying all the Ships of the bitantS) fo that 
Fleet only that excepted where Vlyjfes was t0 appeafe it, 

u !i 3 they erected a 

3 This cruelty caufed him to fail away with1 all Temple to^ 

f D eed to a little Ifland, where Circe , the Daugn- fcd every year 
ter of the Sun , and Queen of a King of the aV irginofthe 


afcribe Town for 


of Inchantments, Spirit 


Sarmates, did make her abode. Some afcribe Town fort 
to this Woman the Invention of Inchantments, Sp^ tij . 
and Poifons, which Ibe gave to her Subjects mM theChain . 
and others. She did not fpare her own Hul- pionoycrcame 
band, that (he might reign alone without con- 
troul. Therefore her Subjects fought to defer oy ^ 

her, and obliged her to flye for her life to a M pUny 
little Ifland near the Dukedom of Tujcany, in memlons him ? 

_ -vi . _ __ U a 11 v\ t:L m a . 


ion overcame 


Italy. 


When Vlyjfes was arrived, he fent up )ib. 7. cop* 4 
the land fome of his Men, to difeover what 


place it was; but this Magician gave them a 

Stink, as it were out of kindnefs to refreih 

them, and transformed them by it into Hogs, 
and other forts of Creatures. Only Erebus 

ofthis Company tafted not of her enchanted 





Cfce Plfojp of t&e 


' i 


Book II 


drink, and efcaped away to acquaint Vlyffes with 
this ftrange metamorphofis. Vlyffes ms mightily 
aftqniflied at the pevvs: Therefore he refolvedto 
go in perfon and feek out the Witch. Mercuritts 
furnifhed him with a certain herb called Moly , 
with which theGods do ufe to preferve themfelves 
from Poifon and Witchcraft.Being thus provided, 
he went unto her with his naked Sword in his 

hand, and forced her to reftore his Men to their 
former fhapes, which £he did. Afterwards they 
contracted fuch ftrid amity together, thatlhe 
bore unto him many Children, of whom Thelc- 
goms was the eldeft. 

Whilft he flayed with Circe he went down 
into Hell, by her afliftance, to confult theO- 


he 


racks of the dead 
his men, kill’d b 


he dead *, where he met Elpenor , one of 
kill’d by a fall in a drunken fit fince his 


departure from Ctrce . 

He faw alfo there the Souls of his Mother 

Anticlea , and of Tirefias the Sooth- layer 

when he had fufficiendy informed himfelf from 
them, concerning his Delhinies, and of the 


things that lhould happen unto him, he returned 

to Circe to take /hipping again in purfuance of his 
Voyage. 


We have taken noti( 
the eleventh Chapter, 
Charms of the Syrens 


e in the former Book in 

how he fhunn’d the 
when he failed by the 


Ifland where they made their abode, by cau- 

ling himfelf to be bound fait to the Malt of the 

Ship, and all his men to have their ears flopt 


Ship, and all his men to have their ears flop 
with Wax, for fear chat the pleafant harmo 


ny of the Sy 


lhould prevail upon them 


Afterwards they efcaped through the Gulphs 


of Scyll 


and Charibdisy and arrived at Sicily 


Where 


Ch. I o 


4 

fi)eat&ert Demi-Gods 


Where they met with Phaethnfa> the Daughter 
of the Sun^ who was there watching over the 

Confecrated Cattel of her Father. Vlyffes ac¬ 
cording to the advice of Circe , gave a ItriCfc 
order to his men not to offer to touch them. 
But for want of other food, they ftole fome 


of th< 
afleep 


Oxen of the Sun 


when Vlyffes was 


This AClion colt them dear, for the pieces 
of meat which they had cut off did give fuch grie¬ 
vous fhrieks, when they were laid upon the coals, 
that they were frighted,and ran all away to their 

k 


Ship to hide them 


Afterwards, when they 


were at Sea, their Ship funk under them, fo that 
they were all drowned, only Vlyffes faved him¬ 
felf upon a piece of the broken Ship, and arri¬ 
ved after much ado at the Ifland of Ogygia , to 


the Nymph Calypfo , who received him very 
kindly, entertained him many years, and at lalfc 


prepared a Ship to tranfport him into his own 
Ifland. 

But Neptunm , to revenge himfelf for the 
lofs of his Son Polyphemus's Eye, broke alfo 
this Ship in pieces, fo that he was almoftloft, 
without any hopes of faving himfelf, if the 
Nymph Leucothea had not provided him with 

a Plank , upon which he did fwim to the I- 
fland of the Ph<ec<*es, which is at the Entry of 
the Gulph of Venice > and now named Corcyra or 

Corfou. 

Nauficae 0 the Daughter of Arduous the King 
of the Ifland found him all naked upon the 


of 


Ifland found him 


Sea fhore, and having given unto him a Cloke 

to cover him, Ihe conduced him to the 


Queen her Mother 


VlyffeA was known there 

by 




/ 


V • J 


\ 


c\ 


2.40 




Book It. 


IntemeYati 

pyavis <& tot 
fervata, per 
annos , 

-z/i# ipfi cogni 


. r ^ * 

by certain marks, which were upon his body. 

Therefore the King and the Court received 
him according to his Quality and his worth. 
After a fhort abode in that place to refrefh 
himfelf, and recover his Spirits, which he had 
fpent in his dangers, he gave unto him a Ship, 
which carried him happily and fafe unto the liland 
of Ithaca. 

This was the twentieth year of his 1 Wives 

expedation of him. She had been all this 
while in continual torment of mind, and in an 


earned longing to fee him again. 


Some had en- 


ta.Tdmic Au- deavoured to perfwade her that he was perifh’d 
fon. Epig. 120. at Sea. Which news caufed many young Lords 


at Sea. 


fall 


'Artepudica t0 w00 her, and feek her in Marriage very fe 


Tttlu dLptus Jove for her Husband, which was entertained 
jntrfitm pelago by the hopes of his return ^ that fhe would ne- 
iaffarat ulyf- V er give unto them any anfwer. And that 
fim. Si!, ital. m jght put them off, Ihe undertook the 

,2 * ' making of a piece of Cloth, promifing to de¬ 

clare her Refolution, when this work was fi- 
nifhed •, but to delay it the longer, fhe undid 
at Night, whatever file had made up in the 

Day. 

In the mean while Vlyjfes was troubled how 
to difcover himfelf with the fafety of his per- 
fon, and re-enter into poffdfion of his own j 
for he did juftly fear to be flain by thofe, 


rioufiy. 


But fhe did preferve fuch a faithful 


/. 2. 


who were Suiters to his Wife. 


Minerva advi- 


fed him on this occafion to difguife himfelf, 
and in the habit of a poor Countrey fellow to 
make himfelf known firft to Telemachtts his 
Son, and to one of the old Officers of his 

Houfe : Which when he had performed, with 

their 



20 


DempGods 


thtir affiftance he put to death ail thofe of whom 
he was jealous, andfo entred again into the ppf- 

feflion of his Eftate and Kingdom. 


But after 


this his mind could not be 


reft, becaufe Tyrejiat, the Soothfayer, had infot 
med him, that one of his Sons fhould one da? 


kill him 


hat one of his Sons fhould one day 
Therefore to prevent this mifchance, 


About that time 


his refolution was to forfake the World, and to 
retirehimfelf into fomedefolateandfolitary place, 
there to end his days in peace. About that time 
Telepomuy one of his Sons by Circe , came to 
bis~City and Palace of Ithaca; to pay unto him 
his refpeds V and as he wasftriving to enter,there 


happened 


great tumult, becaufe fome did ftop 


him from going in further, as a perfon that was 
not known. Vlyjfes 2.1 that inftantftept out,and 
Ttlegonns not knowing him ran him through with 
his Lance, which was headed with the venemous 


his Lance, which was headed with the venemou 
Back-bone of a Sea-fifh Of this wound he after 
wards died. 



CHAP. XX 


Of the Adventures of iE N E A S i 


♦ 

Hen the Men of Troy faw their City 
in a flame, and their native Countrey 


V V in a flame, and their native Countrey 

fpoiled, they were forced to feek their fortunes 
elfewhere* Some of them, with the Henetl, a 
People of Paphlagonia , followed Anterior, a 


l 


worthy Captain of Troy. 


Others put them- 


felves under the Conduit of other wife 

named Trancion , the Son of Heft or, as fome 


Q. 


do 





1AI 


Zbt ©Htow of (be 


• V 


Book II 


This is a Fa 

of theblc 


do relate. But the greateft part of the Inhabitants. 
ranged themfelves under the Banners oftAtneas, 
the Son of Anchifes arid of the Goddefs Venus, as 
we have already faid in the beginning of the thir¬ 
teenth Chapter. He was married to Creufa, one of 
the Daughters..of King Priamus. 

Anterior with his Fleet failed iuto the Adriatick 
Sea, now called the Gulf of Venice, where the 
Htntti , who came with him, laid the foundation 
of the Famous City of Venice, sAntenor entered 
farther into the lapd,and built the City of Pa- 

dona,named by the Latins,Vat avium. 

Franca* marched as far as the River of Rhine, 
ar.d afeerwards palled into Gallia , amongft the 


vain-skitious , . have borrowed from him their name 


frmb. 


Francois. 

JEneas gathered together , as many as he 
could fave out of the burning of Troy,, where 
he loft his Wife Creufa, carrying away his a- 
ged Father Anchifes upon his Ihoulders with his 
domeftick Gods, and leading his little Son Af m 
canim by the hand. In this manner *he mais 
ched as far as Antandros , a City of Phrygia, not 


In this manner *he map- 


far as Antandros 


City of Phryg 


far diftant from the Mountain Ida, where his 
Fleet of twenty Ships was prepared and ready 


to fet fail 


When he was embarked with his 


People, he bent his courfe towards the Coaft of 
Thracia, where he had a defign to fettle and 


build a City : *Bnt he was diverted from it by 

fearful outcryes, that were heard in the place, 

where ‘Tolydortt* had been murdered and buried 
by Polymneftor, the treacherous and perfidious 
King of the Country as we have already taken 


the former Chapter 


from 


S>. 
















1 * 


Ch. 10. 


fpeattlZtt Demi-Gods.' 


From theftce he departed and failed as far as 

Creta, with a defign to fettle himfelf there *, but 

a furious Peftilence gave him fuch badj enter¬ 
tainment in this place, that he was fpr^ed to 
flye away; Tiis Domeftick Gods did th^n^arn 
him in a Dream, that he fliould proceed to¬ 
wards Italy, and that there he fhould fettle, 

and make his Conquefts. As foon as he had com¬ 
manded his Sails to be hoifed up, a furious j^ortti 
drives him and his Fleet on ihore,’on t-ie I- 

flands called Strophades, where the Harpy as, a 

cruel and fttange lortof Birds did mightijy^per- 
fecute him and his People* Afterwards he fai¬ 
led along the Coaft of Epirus, where he hap¬ 
pily did meet with Andromache, HeBor^fNife, 
who had been efpoufed afterwards to Pyrrhus, 


143 


when he palled into Greece. 


But he having di¬ 


vorced her, gave her in Marriage toHelerms, with 
part of the Country of Epirus, where he made 
him a Soveraign Prince. 

After that JEneas had been kindly entertai¬ 
ned by Menus, he received from him inftru- 
ftions how he fhould proceed in bis Voyage in¬ 


to Italy . 


He .departed and arrived at Drepanum 


in Sicily, having happily paft the Coaft of the Cy¬ 
clopes, where he faved a miferable fellow of the 
men of Vlyjfes, left there behind by this vagabond 
and unfortunate Prince. He palled alfo over a- Scyiu puifatis 

gainft the Promontories of Scylla and Charibdis rs ( om ciVir ‘ 

Without harm. Thenoifeof 

But this place was unfortunate to him. for the winds cau- 

there he loli his old Father Anchifes, who feth the Fable 
ended his days in a very decrepit Age. °f Scyllas bar j 


Alcefles 


the Prince of the Countrey did comfort him, by 

granting unto him all the affiftance and favour 


king Dogs 




that 


X 

* 1 















-^4 


4 44 


C &e ftUCoip of tf)E 


Book II. 


that his Dominions or abilities could afford : 

And when JEneas departed, he furnifhed his 

fhips with very good Wine, and all forts of 
Provifions. 

Abofat this time Juno, the fworn Enemy of the 
Trqantf Tent to tsEolm, the God of the Winds, 
to perlWade him to let them flye out againft 


47 


neks, anti; his Fleet, that it might becaftaway. 
He Was reduc’d to the laft extremity by this 
Scotland had infall bly perifh’d,had not Neptun us 
beerthdifpleafed, becaufe this Teippeft had hap¬ 
pen^ iwithout his privity orconfent. Therefore 
he pacified the Waves of the Sea, and left the 
fleet (iff JEneas fcattered upon the Coaft of Africa, 

near Carthage, feven years after their departure 


near 


Carthage 


Cm ciar/uM. 0 )a{; t j me gjjfe firnamed Dido, the Daugh- 

cartbiginUns, ter of the King of Tyre , the Widow of Sicheus^ 
becaufe they ’ had lately fettled her felf in Africa, over againft 
were of Tyre, Drepanum in Sicily for when Ihe faw her Huf- 
the City of band murc } ere( i by her wicked Brother Ptgma- 

ca mils. to g et bi s Riches into his poflef- 

fion, and when (he faw that he intended the 
fame mifeheif to her, fhe embarked her felf with 
all her Riches which this Traitor had a defign to 
take,and failed with them into Africa, where for 
a vaft Sum of Money, Hie brought from the Na¬ 
tives, as much ground as fhe could compafs with 
an Oxes Hide,to fettle there her dwelling. When 
fhe could obtain no more from them, fhe caufed 
the Hide to be cut in very flender pieces, fo that 
they were able to compafs in a very large circuit 


from Troy. 


the City of 
Cadmus. 


of ground. 


There fhe laid the Foundations of 




the City of Carthage, which was called at firft 
Tyrfa, becaufe of the Oxes Hide, 

v£nui 



* 




r 

Ch 


♦ * 

&eatbeit Dcmi-Gods 


\ v 


? 4 S 


JEneat and all Ills men went tofeek Prote&ion 
from this Queen, that received them very kindly. 
She grew fo amorous of JEnem , that fhe was 
willing to have made him herHufband, notwith- 
ftanding the refolution that fhe had formerly taken 


to marry none after Sicheus,xm 
devoted her heart and affedtions 


whom fhe had 

When there¬ 


fore Hirer bos. King of Getulia, her Neighbour, 
was a Suiter to her, fhe fent him back with a flat 
denial, and by that means procured unto her felf 

his difpleafure. 

But when JEneas had made feme ftiort ftay 
in this place, Jupiter difpatch’d away a meffen- 
ger unto him, to command him to leave Africa, 
and obey his Deftinies,that did call him into Italy 


Dido endeavoured 


therefore fhe faw him refolved 


to ft op him 


when 


depart^ fhe 


loaded him with the Curfes and Reproaches of 


furious and defpairing Lover 


Then having 


caufed a Pile of Wood to be erefted, fheafceiv 
ded upon it, and kill’d her felf with a Sword pro 


pared for that purpofe 


Her Body was bur 


The refore 


the fight of JEneas , when he was under sil. faith; 


mng in the lignt or ^/tneas , wne 
Sail. Virgil relates the Story in this manner 
the Fourth Book of th o JEneids 


Dido 


In the Firft blks “ r - 

< • O'l *• 


he deferibes that furious Storm, that caft him, Plu i 
after his departure from Sicily ,upon the Coaft of 


Af 


where he was joyfully received by Dido 


In the Second, he relates unto this Queen, the 


manner of the burning of Troy 


And 


the 


Third Book, he gives unto her an account of the 
feveral particulars, that had happened unto him 
after his leaving of Troy, until his firft arrival 
into Sicily \ for the next year after he was forced 


by another Tempeft 


OL 


put into Sicily, when he 
, had 





* 


L 




"\ 


2,4 6 




€ lie S>fffoip of tte 


Book II. 


had left Carthage. At this time he paid unto the 
’memory' of his Father Anchtfes many Funeral 
Rites, celebrating feveral forts of Plays and Com¬ 


bats upon his Totnb. 


Afterwards he left all the 


weak and decrepit perfons, ufelefs in War, with 
lAlceftcs, with the reft of his Companions he 

pafled into Italy. 

He arrived very happily at Cuma, where he 
vifited the Sybil in her Cave, that by her mean? 
he might go down into Hell, and enter into the 
TUyfian Fields, to difcourfe with his Father, and 
learn all the palfages of his life, and his future 
Adventures. He performed this Journey in the 
company of the Sybil , having fijrft found the 
Golden Branch, which was at the entrance of 
Hell, and which was to be prefented by him to 

*Troferpina . 

At his return from Hell he puts again to Sea, 
and fails with his Fleet to the mouth of the Ri- 

• . . 4 

ve : r of T^er. from thence he went to Lauren - 


vet vi 4 ^ a xvui liivuvv iiy ivvul iv irr 

turn, to' vilit King Latinus, who commanded in 


that place. 


This Prince received him with all 


expreflions ofkindnefs, and when he underftood 
the caufe of his coming, he promifed to beftow 
upon him his only Daughter Lavinia in marri¬ 
age *, becaufe he had been informed by the Ora¬ 
cles, that the Gods had defigned her for this Fo¬ 


reign Prince. 


She had been neverthejefs promi¬ 


fed to Turnm the King of Ruttili , and $Am*ta 
the Queen her Mother, the Wife of Latwus, did 
mightily favour him. 


1 


and raife the Spirits of-pAxuas, aijd caufed him 
to forget all the miferies that he had endured 

|r his long Voyage of fo many years. But Juno 

3 / ■ * /' * / # • * ^ 

was 


i 





Cb 20 


5)eat8eit Demi-Gods. 

little difpleafed at his felkity, therefore 


(he fent for Aletto 


of 


Furies of Hell 


to kindle a War, and deftroy the hopes of the 

As foon as Tarntu had underftood thefe paiTa- 

geS, he gathered all his Forces, and thofe of his 

Friends together, to march agamft Mneae, and 


his Troj 


But their number being few, and 

% 


not able to refift, the God Tiber A encouraged 

them when they were ready to faint away for 
fear. He advifed i/Sneas to afeend higher up in¬ 
to the Country, to the place where Rom jwas-af¬ 
terwards built, to vifit King Bvander.mth whom 

he made a firm League, and from whom he ob¬ 
tained fuccours, which Talias the only Son of 

this Prince wasrefolyed to lead in person to alTilt 
<Aneas. He departed therefore with them to 
iovn with the Trojans, whilft *&neas accepting 
of a favourable opportunity, that was there pre¬ 
fented unto him, to engage the Tyrrhenians in 
his Party, he departed into that Country to 
perfwade them. He found them all in Armsa- 
painft their King Mezentim, who had committal 
moft horrid cruelties *, for he did joyn and'tye the 
living to the dead, placing their mouths, and 
all the foreparts of the bodies of the one, agamlt 
the fame members of the other, and did caule 


the Fame members of the other, and did caufe 

them to languilh to death, in this moft cruel and 
loathfom manner. 


The Army of JEneas 

s 


his abfence fufFered 


many inconveniences 


for Turnm had befieged 

ft • Ol f 


them, and hisSubjeds had burnt up their Ships, 
which were afterwards turned by jMUtrinv. 
Nymphs of the Sea, at the requelt of the God- 

deft Cybefc, who had received them into her pro 


0.4 


tedion 






% • I 


6 


C fcr fftojp of tfte 


.T 


Book II. 


te&ion. By this means the Tmjmyttte forced 
to fuffer many great evils, and were reduced to 


many extremities 

• » l • 1 ' 


But v&ne/u came happily to 


their aid with a ftrong Party of Tyrrhenians 
and Venus his Mother did maintain their Inte- 
reft with Jupiter , againft the rage and endeavours 


of Juno. 


Befidevfhe caufed Vulcan to make 


fuch ftrong and found Arms for neas , as did 
render him invincible in all Encounters, and did 
enter!: Vm in his Soul a warlike andnoble difpofi- 

tion,U in his Buckler were defer ibed all thc glo- 
rions deeds and adventures of his Succeffors, in a 


moft artificial and divine manner. 

In this War a great deal of Blood was feed on 


both iides. 


tAzneas was never, fo-much concerned 


.ns .at the death of Nyfa Euryalus y and afterwards 
rtifylUS) EvwMs Son. But he revenged their 
deaths by the ilaughter of King Mezen tins, Lau . 
-fay his Son, and many others. Camilla the Queen 
Of the Volfci\ did: mightily encourage and ftreng- 
then the Army of Tumm. . It is reported of bet, 


then the Army Of Turnm, . It is reported of het, 
that (he was as generous as aLioo*and was fo light 
footed* that; (he did fear ce touch the ground in 


.Running, but an unhappy blow of a Lance took 
i away her life inthe heat of the fight. Her fell did 
pftonifhall the Army of Turnup • 

: Jn this Encounter tsEneat. was wounded with 

an Arrow, but Venps did then apply the herb 
Dittany fo feafonably to his .wound, that it was 


cured; in an inftant. 


Afterwards be did fo effe¬ 


ctually encourage his men, that turnm feeing 
op other remedy to his Affeks aind Hopes, that 

were aim oft loft, challenged him to fight in a 

fingle Combat, to put an end by that means to 
their differences,. , > 

• i J m. 4 • - • ' 

tineas 


• r. 1 . 




Ch 


truest was 


^tatlien Demi Gods- 
as very joyful of this Propofit 


*49 

n x 

(T *J “J 


therefore he encounters him hand to hand, lays 

him upon the ground. and kills him. After this 

Victory he was married to Lavtnta, andtooK 


ofTeflion of the Kingdom of the Latins 


He 



and 


fortified the City of Lavinium y which 


was not far diftant from Laurentm 


Julius Af- 


vv gj nvt *«»> -- . 

ctnius, his Son, fucceeded him m this Kingdom 

and built the City of Alb*, firnamed Longa, be 
caufe of its fituation-, the Inhabitants wer 


(lie Inhabitants 


called Albani. That City was the Metropolis of 
the Latin People, until the Reign of Romulus, 
who laid the Foundations of the City of Rome, 
and conquered all the Countrey round about it. 
Tallin HojUhm, the third King of the Romans, 
pull’d down, and levelled totheground the Walls 
of the City of Alba, fo that afterwards there re- 

mainedno fignsofit. 

Before we finilh this Story, we muft take no¬ 
tice,that the truth is mingled with many Fables *, 
for it is certain, that Virgil relates the adventures 
of Dido, only as a pleafant fidion to adorn his 
Poem; for Dido, did live and Carthage was built, 
two or three hundred years after the ruin of Troy. 


; ■ 



CHAP. XXI. 


•• 

1 

Of feveral other f amous Men , frequently named 
in the Heathen Writers, and not mentioned by 

Galtruchius. 

% ’ - • 

• • • 

T Wonder that in the lafl Chapter our learned 


t • 


Jeft 


ite hath not mentioned a faithful Compa- Achates 

of JEneat, who loved him fo tenderly, that 

he 


% 







# 




s> 


li 


r*. . 
*■ 


55 * 


Cf)£ 0(Roip of tie 


Book II, 


he could never be feparated from him but by 

death, his name was Achates. In all eftates he 

did flick clofe to him, and accompanied him in 

his greateft dangers * therefore he is filled Fidus 

Achates by Virgil . 


Arift 


the Son of Apollo and the Nymph 


Cyrene the Daughter of Pern us, taught the ufe 


Sc r rf n D ' 10 ' °* Honey and of Oyl 


nyf. lib. 13. 
yocabatur 
'Ayf&t and 

yopt®-, be- 
caufe he was a 


He was a famous Shep¬ 


herd in this time \ a great admirer of the Nymph 

Enridice , whom he purfued to have taken, but 
fhe ran away, and was unfortunately wounded 


death by 


Serpent in her flight, therefore 


andHusb P and d l ier Comrades fought a revenge upon <sArift&tu 


man, 

giver 


for her death, by deftroying his Bees, in which 


>. vindar., he did delight 
Wife was man, an d a g 


Autonoi the 

N Daughter ef 
Cadmus , and 


The truth is, he was a pious 
t Favourite of Jupiter, from 


whom he obtained the Etefian Winds, to cool 
the immoderate heat of the Summers Sun, and 


one of his fon to prevent the mifchiefs which the Dog- ftar 

was Afteon, would caufe in the hot Countries, without thefe 

who_ was torn favourable Blafts. 


by his Dogs. 
(las velife 


Afopus 


the Son of Jupiter , who 


Jolvit o£te- thelefs committed Inceft with his Daughter 


ftis . Scnec. 
He reigned 
the Ifle of: 
7 ‘heophraft* 




for he ravifh’d her in the form of 


Flame of Fire 


her 


affiftance 


Her Father Afopus did haften 


but 


purpofe, for fhe 


Afopus was the proved with child of t^Eacus ; and Jupiter for 

Son of Jupiter his impudency, to offer to oppofe him, ftruck 

and clymenr, him dead with his Thunder-bolts. Whatlafci- 


©r of Neptune 
and Ceglufa . 
Nat. Com. 


Jupiter s defire 
by the, means 


vious, what fhamelefs Gods did the Heathens 
adore ! the greateft promoters , of Inceft, Mur¬ 
der, Villany, &e. Now this A Corns was a 


Hymn. 


[fyphus 


Now this A fop 


* 

punifh’d in Hell for his indifcredon. 

axlo HSfieaivu- CaliimAch. in Del, 


tmi ViTTfibOKjo 


River 


* 


I - 


Ch 

PP 


, n Demi-Gods. ■ ’ 

not far from Thebes , or rather a Prince 


*yi 

t -0 j 




w ho left his Name to that River 


He had 


nretended to advance into Juno s place, only to Diu e „, 
oblige her to feek his favour, and be reconciled 




to mm 


• Ruffin Eccltf* 

Canopus, was the Pilot of the Ship, which n. 

brought Menelam back towards Greece , when 

r L Storm had forced him on theCoaft of Egypt, 


after the ruin o tfroy 


This Campus went on 


fhore and 


Hung to death by a Serpent ^ but 


afterwards the Egypt 


Priefts, having per 


formed a feeming Miracle with his Statue, they 
caufed him to be worfhipped as a God y and gave Vocdm 

A A « 


his Name 


oneof the Starsof the Firmament, 1 ot “**■ 


and 
• • 

}ti 


a famous Town of Egypt 


And hence ?w 


that this Kingdom is called Terra Canopi, 
and the People Gens Canopi. His image was 
worfhippfcd by the Egyptians, although lt wab r . 

Dwarf, with a great Belly, with ihortH^ 

Lees and a crooked Neck. ^ 

C ephalus was married to Preens the Daughter 
of Hyphilus King of Athens. Aurora was 10 

' ‘ y , > . i i n him nmoTT Wilt h 


fond of him 


that fhe carried him away with 


her; he would never confent 


her lull 


becaufe he kept for his Wife an unparallell d 


(fancy 


which caufed her 


fend him home 


difguife 


be an Eye-witnefs of his Wifes 


tratitude, and unworthinefs of his faithful love, 

for he furprifed her in difhonefty •, therefore he 

divorced her; bpt he was afterwards reconciled 


her again 


She grew in time as jealous of 


tv/ livv o . r | .• 

him, becaufe he was wont to rife betimes, and 
recreate himfelf in the Woods in hunting. She 

followed him at fait, and hid her felfinaBufu, 

to 









.... 


-* 


J* * 


. *• 



tea 


C!)c 53fff02j> of t&e 


Book II 


him 


to fee if fhe could perceive any Female Sex 
come near him. When he in the purfuanceof 
his fport, faw a Creature moving in the Thic¬ 
ket, he imagined it to be awildBeaft ithere- 


ApoJIod. /. I 


his fport, faw a Creature moving 
ket, he imagined it to be a wild £ 
fore he difcharged out of his Bow 
Arrows, and ftruck this unhappy 
heart. 


his Bow a couple of 
nhappy Wife at the 


Ericbtheiu the Son of Pandion, an Egyptian 
born, fettled in the Province pf Attica in Greece , 
and taught the ruder fort of People many things 
belonging to the worfiiip of the Gods. He in- 
ftituted the famous Feftival of Athens jri&ed Sacra 


Eleufii 


honour of T 3 roferpina 


fome fay. 


The Athenians having chofen him their King, Eu- 
molpu*,Neptune\, Son, made War upon him, but 

Erichthsw , killed him *, for which caufe this God 
was mightily offended, and demanded one of his 
Daughters to be facrificed to him as a fatisfa&ion. 
*1 he unfortunate Ericbtheus granted one,but the 

three others deftroyed themfelves, becaufe they 
had fworn not to out-live oneanother; Erkhthew 
afterwards was killed by Jupiter* s Thunderbolts, 

Cktr.de. Nat. and the Athenians honoured his memory with a 
Dior. Temple and an Altar , and worfhipped him with 

hisDaughters,for offering themfelves to faye their 


JQuiqfte premit 
•voctm , digito¬ 
que Jilentia 


Country from Neptune* s rage 


Harp 


was the 


E mt 


God of Si 


Srok of Scrap 


Son of Ks \ his Statue ftood'neat the 


with 


finger on his lips, and 


Mac rob. 
Solin. 


a Wolves Skin full of eyes about his fljoulders. 
Plutarch names him Ziy&Ktov, and faith, that the 


Peach 


confecrated to him 


Amongft 


the the Goddefs Angerona,otVolupia, 

was in the fame efteem as Harpocrates amongft the 


hyt‘ 


I phis 


4 


rr 


Ch 


foeatfeeit Demi-Gods. 


Anax arete 


Jfhtts was a famous Youth, as amorous of 

Anax arete as he was beautiful^ yet (he had the 
courage to give him a repulfe, which caft him 
into fuch a fit of madnefs, that he deftroyed 
himfelf. When his Body was carried to be bu- 






V v ’* 

p 


ried. Anaxarete defiroustofee 


looked out of 


awindow fo earneftly upon him, that fhe was 
tu rned into a Stone. 

The Poets fpeak of another Anaxarete, who 
was by the Power of Ifis turned into a Boy. 
This fabulous Story, is related of others as true, 
bv Perfons of credit: The Phyfitians fay, that 

J __ . am. r • i n i j i_n_ 


by a 
Vitry 
to a 


poflible, that 


Maids {bould become Boys, 


violent expulfion of the Natural parts. In see Mom 
in France , Mary Germain was betrothed taigne. 
hopeful young Man, who was in great ex- Efla y s 


peftation. of enjoying her for his Wife, but the 
poor fellow was miferably deceived, when the 


Day of Marriage 


come ^ for Ihe happened 


to leap more violently than did become her Sex 


and was turned from 
Author tells me. 


Maid into a Boy, as my 


Lycaon, the Son of Titan and of Terra, or 
of Telafgus .King of Arcadia , was fo cruel a 

Tyrant, that he murdered all Strangers that 
did fall into his hands. Jupiter being defirous to 
know, whether he were as inhumane as the report 
did make him, went to lodge at his Houfe, with 
the reft of the Gods in a difguife. When they 
were afleep, Lycaon endeavoured to deftroy 
Jupiter ■, but when he faw bis wicked Defign 
could not be brought to pafs, he took an Hoftage 
that was in his houfe, boiled part of him, roa- 
fted the reft of his Members, and then laid him 

upon the Table in dflbes for Jupiter to eat. Ju- 

piter 


the reft of the Gods in a difguife. 
were afleep, Lycaon endeavoured 


afs, he took an Hoftage 


upon the Table in dflbes for Jupiter to eat 






_- . 




; ~ ^ ' . — 








C&e fyiSoiP of m 


Ii 


▼ 

piter imaged at this horrible deed, leapt frofn the 
Table, and departed with his Heavenly Com¬ 
pany in a Thunder, leaving the King's Palac^ in 

a flame} at which fight Lycdon was fo itiUcb af¬ 
frighted, that he ran away and hid himfelf in the 

Woods,where he was turned into a ravenous 
Wolf. 

Lcyttij the King of Bmia , was married to 
Antiopa^ the Daughter of Nyttew, Whom Ju¬ 
piter got with Child in the form of a Satyr. 
When Lycns her Husband perceived her in this 
condition, and knew that it did not proceed 
from him, he put her away, and married Dyrce , 
who was fo cruel to the poor Antiopa , that fhe 
kept her faft bound in Chains. Jupiter out of 
companion releafed her, and fent her to Mount 
Cytheron , where Hie was fafely delivered of Amt 
phi on and Zethus , Twins, who became brave 
and renowned Men of their time. When they 
grew up to Man’s eftate, they revenged their 
Mothers difgrace upon Lycns her Husband, by 
dragging him at the tail of a wild Horfe, and 
by tearing his body in pieces in this cruel manner, 

Dyrce was changed into a Fountain of her Name, 
after that lhe had been molt inhumanely treated 
by Amphion and Zethus, whom we have mentioned 

before. 

Lynceus was a barbarous Prince of Scythia , 
he entertained in his houfe a Meflenger named 
Triptolemus , whom Ceres had fent to him to 

teach him how to fow Corn, and Till the Earth. 
When he had underftood as much as was required 
for that purpofe, he cruelly murdered him, that 
himfelf might have the honour of the firlt In¬ 
vention of fuch an ufeful Art» Cerif punifhM 

him. 




■i 


Ch 


pfUt&CH Demi Gods 


him, and changed him into a Beaft, called Lynx. 
We have already mentioned this cruel King in 

another place. 

Nyttetu was the Son of Neptunus and the 
Nymph Celene , the Daughter of Atlas, Nyfti-. 
mene his Daughter fell in love with him, and by 
the means of herNurfe made him drunk,and com¬ 
mitted Inceft with him. But when he came to 
know it, he did fo much vex and torment her,that 
fhe fled away into the Woods to hide her lei f,and 


was there turned into an Owl. 
Tereus « the Son of 


Bitlo 


t TX 


vifh’d Philomela his 


Sifter, after 


ra 


he 


had efpoufed Progne , King PandiorP s Daughter 


Afterwards he was fo inhumane 


her 


tongue out of her mouth, that (lie might not difi 
cover his Villany Philomela being deprived of 
the ufe of that Member, imployed her hand to 
write a Letter to her Sifter-in-law Progne , and 
acquaint her with her Husbands inhumanity. As 


foon 


fhe came to underftand 


fhe kill’d her 


Son Jtysy boiled him, and prefentedhim to Tereus 
for his Supper. This cruelty caft him into fuch a 


fit of roadnefs, that he 

naked Sword, with a defign to kill her, but fhe 
was turned into a Swallow, and efcaped out of 

his reach'.He was metamorphofed into aLapwing, 
and Philomela intoaNightingale, that yet laments 
for the lofs of her Maidenhead. 

- Ityn hue accerfite , dixit, 

DiffimuUre nequit crudeltagaudia Progne. 


his Wife with 


was 


Intus babes , quod pofc 


ifptcit ille. 


V ! 

’ 


Ovid. Me 
lib. 6 . 


Atque hbijit, quarit^Harenti iterwnqne 

&C. 


Tity 


f / A 


t 









T 7 


f -'—71 


► 

ly 6 


C|e toiftoip of tit 


\ 


Book 11. 


Tityus 


the Son of Jupiter and of Elara 


was faid to be the Son of the Earth, becaiife he 
had been hid by his Father, when he was young, 


in the Earth, for fear of Juno. 


He was killed by 


Apollo, becaufe he attempted to ravifh Latona his 


Mother. He is now caft into Hell. 


where his 


huge Body covers, as the Poets fay, nine acres of 
ground, and his heart is continually tormented 
by the beaking of Ravers. By this Fable is in¬ 
timated the troubles and tortures of a wounded 
Gonfcience.No Raven nor Eagle can caufemore 

pain by frequent beaking,than the fenfe ofa grie¬ 
vous fin, when it is not accompanied with the 
hopes of Gods mercy. ' 


CHAP. XX FI 


• 4 


Of the Heathen Gods , winch were peculiar to fe¬ 
deral Places and Countries in the World,andwho 
had been Men. 


9 • 

T Shall not name Jupiter, Apollo, Mercuriut, 

1 Bdus ) and other Gods, of whom we have given 
a fufficient account before 11 confcfs thefe uni- 

I . i . . • / 

verfal Gods had been but Men, or rather thefe 
Names of Men had been tranllated and afcribed 


' • » • • i 


> i 1 

. > . 


to the Gods. I fhall here fpeak of the particular 
Gods, who were adored in many places of the 
World, whofe Jurifliftion did reach no further 
than the bounds of a Kingdom,or a City, and to 
whofe care and proteftion the places where they 
were adored were committed,. 

Pfapfto was a cunning Fellow of Lybjst, who 
lived in fome reputation, but he was defirous of 

more 


♦ 


t ' * 


i • 


' V 


J 


Ch. it 


0efltf)?n Oemt-Gods 


A - 


« » 


friore,unf6 Which he attained by this aft of policy: 

He taught fecretly }n his dwellings a multitude of 
Pafrots to fay In the cfeLan guage.^ PJam is 


<s:. * •• 

$ ft , 

TIP ? ‘ ‘ 


* t - • 


* • 


anno ts 


k beat God. When they had well learned this 
teflon, he fent them out into the Woods, and 

Into the Fields ;by this means it happened, that 
thefe prating Birds,that knew no other ldnguage, 
by frequent repetitions! taught it to many other 

Birds, that divulged aud proclaimed it all over thq - 

Country. The ignorant People had no fooner 
heard them, bttt they believed that Pfipho was a 
God, therefore they appointed unto him in apart 
of Lybia a Temple,Sacrifices, Prielts.and all other 
things belonging to theWorfhip of the trueGoo. 

Carmelite was the God of Mount Carmel in 

Judea, facittu mentions him, when he relates 
how his Prieft did foretell unto fe/pafian that 

he (hould be Emperour. , 

Emnth Seir , or as fome call him Etiembius, was P || d . Vitk i 




God of the Phanicians 


Hfft Mb. 5, 


Berect us was 


Goddefs adored near Askato 


and 


presented 


beautiful Woman 


Ovid 


makes mention of her, lib. 4. Met am 


% 

Be te Babyloniaparret 9 
Berceti,quam verfa f fqnamis velantibus artHS «j 
Staged Palefiihi breemt col niffefigurd. 


% 1 

Adad was a Grod 1 

% • * 

thought to be Adarg 


♦ • 

of the AJfyriansJtis Wife is x acre % 
at is. Afiarte was anothet 


Goddefs of the fame Country, mentioned in the 


tire former Book 


R 






flutirc 

Suidas* 



Hefycb 

Cictr* 


HerodoU 
Pan fan. 


L 



$ 


* rwr 

Adr^mus 'was the, Tutelar Gt)d jp 

n '"• rlfe«T T n ,:.h - . r *Z*nj*J‘ 






7 > 


m«m r «c$s 

Cabrtu '■ of TmMuT'vtit T ' 


mans. ThisGodd 


m 




#, at 




#* 


fhrpas: 

wcyo job 


l»dtre<j^€he 


Annltis, and ri?A Sm<* i 

feed to lofe their Maid 


* 

Mi 

ae 


« fc e m 

«d? tP he 


IS 


vr* 


her Altars^' before they did d^^apQ 


Marriage. ‘ ' * 

So ft polls Dens, the God Offoe£/ft^rjp (jre¬ 
cta, laved a City from the fury of the Jr cation 
Army in the form of a tittle .(Cfttk), wjif jpa$ 
changed before them; into a Serpent. The fud-> 
denMetamorphofisftruckfuCh a terrourfeothpir 

minds, that when the Beans made agally upon 
them, they ran away. J , 


Jupiter and Apollo.w tic alfonai 
Savers of Cities. 

• • • 

Palmy tins was a God of the e/£ 

Alabandns was a warlike God < 

efpecially by the Alabdndenfes. 


> 1 ’ 

2a 


adofed 


Tenes was the Son of Cycnns, kill’d by ^ 


cbilles 


Tlutarchtis informs 


therefore the 


Name of Achilles was not to top pronounced in his 


Temple, which was in the IU^ttd ofTcnedos 


Coroms was a 

• t i ♦ 

places o Greece 


Goddefs worlhipped 


fome 


the Temple of Minerva, 


Some fay that lhe ‘ was the Mother of Mfca- 

lapius. 

Damia, and Auxefa were honoured by the 
commsttra dffhe Oracle in Epidanrns in G? eece, 
that their Country might 1 be made fruitful m , for 
before,^ .was fp barren, .that it would not yield 
fufedeftt to the labours of the painful 

'M • t r* •• • ' • « % » w 




M 




j try 







dh.' -si 


!• 


F*FT? 



eh Demi-Gods: . .. 
Trimacbtts, 3 famous Captain of Cbios, was thero 

worlhipped after his death. . , 

AmfhittraHS the Soothfayer, and Amphtlpcut 

the Son of Nefior , were placed amongftthe 

Gods, and adored in i Attica. . 

'O/wii was a God of Caria. .. v . , 

was the Law-giver amongft the 

Gtt&% as Herodotus faith t He ftudied Phiiofophy 


m 


* ■ 


- v. 


. *. t 


under Pythagoras 


When he was returned 


Plutarch faitH 
that they 


his Country, he taught the People the Cuftoms 
and' Manners of the Greeks, and for liis good in- 
ftruftions he was worlhipped as a God after his 
death.as Census was after him in the fame Climat, 
for excelling in the Magick Art, in the days of 

Ambus the Emperour. , ■, ■ ; :j u. 

Crevbaqanetus was the God of the Thebans in vutiicb faith; 

Ewet whom they efteemed Immortal. Btro : that they 

$L' relates, that they only of all the People of 

Egypt did refufe to admit the extravagant fuperlti- £al Godi 

tion of other Cities, and that they would never 
grant Divine Heritage to the mortal Gods. This g e ^pebart* 
fineularity may have proceeded from thofe good Q^g. sacr» 
Impreflions which the Children of ifrail had left The Land of 
amongft them, for the City of Thebes was next 

Neighbour to the Land of Gojhen. the R j ver N /. 

The Name given unto this God by the Greeks ius and, the 
is and with a fmall change Of a Red Sea, next 

Vowel Kpu^rtT©-, fecretly born.From 


The Land of , 
Qoften wasfi- 
tuate between 
the River N/- 


Vowel KpK?*-^'t!T®-, fecretly born.From He¬ 
rodotus, and others, we may perceive, that the 
word Kjnp* hath been ufed for •, for he calls 
an cAfyle, or a Place of Refuge, 

caufe men do fecretly haften to favethemfdves in 

them, when thjey apprehend ^ foe purfuits pfan 


I 

bale* 


of Tbt 


Enemy 


Now 


this Name is but 


Interpretation of the old Egyptian Title given 


R 2 


thi$ 


t 


% 6 o 


€&e IJ>fCo|p of tbe 


Book II 


this God •, for the Egyptians did not make ufe of 

the GY^Tongue ordinarily, but only after the 

Vidories of Alexander the Great , therefore 

they mult have bad a name proper to their lan¬ 
guage for this, as for their other Divinities. But 
there appears a feemipg contradiction in theTi- 


Viftories of Alexander the Great 

* 

they mult have bad a name proper 
gaage for this, as for their other Div 


ties 




and Immortal and Eternal 


which were the Attributes of Honour aferibed 


God 


Epithets are only proper to the Son of God, the 
Second Perfon in the facred Trinity,who is#pv$* 
oW©-3 fecretly begotten from all Eternity, in aa 
incomprehenfible manner, and yet he is Immor¬ 
tal and Eternal with the Firlt Perfon the Father. 
The fublimelt Creatures can never perfectly un- 
derftand or pry into this Myfterious Genera¬ 
tion, which hath ever continued, and Ihall con- 


We Chriltiansare taught, that thefe 


lac 


be Paid 
Eternal 


Eternity j therefdre only Chrift can 
be and Immortal and 


From hence we may juflly conceive, that thefe 
Thebans , had fome underltanding of this great 
Myftery, the Generation of the Son of God * 
and that they underltood by this Kgvp*- 
the Second perfon of the Incomprehenfible Tri¬ 
nity, whom they acknowledged to be both Im¬ 


mortal and Eternal. It i 
thenswere not altogether 
as may be gathered out ( 
fed Relicks of the Writii 



that the Hea- 

oftheTrinity 


Porphyrins. And it is faid of Trifmegiftus, that 
he was fo named,becaule he compofcd a Treatife 
of the Trinity. 

We may further take notice, that when this 


athered out of Plato, and the difper- 

ofthe Writings of Saucomathon , and 
And it is laid of TriCmficridu^^ that 


i'iPiQ -, our Div 


Em annuel i was plea- 

fed 




■ • 


i 


t 




eh 


Seatbelt Bemi-Gods 


i'Sl 


fed to take upon him our Nature, and was forced See the tour 
to flye for (helter into Egypt, he came with Jo- 


to flye for (helter mtoiyj 
fepb and Mary his Mother 


dwell in the Pro 


vince of Thebais 


dons of the 

Voyages of 


far from the ancient City 0Jjr Engiifh 


of Thebes, in a place which is mightily frequented of the 

by all Pilgrims that travel into thofe pares. ^ “tvetef 


c% 


Tholefp 

Per gam a 

Oracle. 


Afe 


(hipped near the City of 
, by the Command of the Euc f ome fay 

that he went 


Sanpiis, or S andns, or Sancns , was the God to AlexandjU 

£ 5 - - • « which« not 


of the Sabines. St. Aufim names him Xan thus, ™ r Jfift anc 
L. iS« He Civitat. c Dei.Cap. 19* He wasth^ir from the An 

firlt King) and had a Temple ftanding in Route dent Thibet* 


L 


Ovid 


Light foot 

,Heb. in 


• / 


Oitarebam non as Santto, flio ne ref err qm, 

' An tibi femi pater , tunc mihi $ anti ns ait> 
Cuicunque ex Hits dedexis, ego mmen habebo , 
Nomina terna fero,fic valuere Cures . 

And Sill. It alliens. ' 

Et Lati pars Santlum voce canehant 

Autorem gent is, pars l nudes ore fereb ant. 
Sabe tuas, qui de patrio cognomine prinupsy 
Dixifti populos magna ditione Sabinos . 


Tages was a God of the Hetrurians in Italy , of 


Mattlj' 


j 


whom Ovid thus fpeaks, lib 


5. Met am 


• • 

Indigent dixere Tagem, qui primus Hetrufcnm 

Edocuit gentem , eafttfque aperhe futuros. 

• • 

He was a pretended Child of Jupiter j he 
taught the rude People of Hetrwia feverai Arts 
and Sciences ^therefore they worfhipped his Me¬ 
mory, and his Statues. 


R 3 


Alba 


A — V • 


y.i. • i 



' *i w ' - 




> J 
1 n 





• * 


* 









4 


• t ■ 


* 0 


tali- 

* * 


lib. 

* 1 « 


i ,J 




I 

.w j!' 
i <* 


. I 
* 


: :i : 

v /j in 


!;■ ;i :;:ii 

9 « 

. ' M*'M 

9 «. i * • 


v f 
/ 


r f • 




• * 

i k i 


* 
♦ a 


1 * f' # i # 1 

* i • - ■ . ■* 

• . v "J 


Book it. 

i Alb me a ^as a Goddefs inhabiting near the 


•- - * ‘U* ,* 

? ? rr J 

j 


. . - • / 


in 


l * 


« ✓ 


• 

i I 


• i 


Hum 


m 


• r* 


nca . 




*•€ 


j} (P aliens was a God of tAntimm ,the 

great Favourite of the Emperour Adrian,^ 
WOtfhipped jn ‘Bithynia. ftejfus was a God of 
Greece , Cofteff^ or Vrania of Africa. I fhould 


/• »« t • 


Heathens,: iworfliipped in every corner of: the 


World. 


What hath beenfaid will be fufficient 


for the underftanding of the Heathen Authors. 


• I 


CHAP. XXIII. 


• » + 


, ' ' r w % 

Of fome Famous Women.among the Ancients . 


✓ + 


% • # 


He Famous Queens of Antiquity were 

thefe:, 


* Ale eft e, the Wife of King Adipetus\ lhe freely 
gave her life to fave her Husband from death. 

Semiramit r that warlike Queen of Ajfyrjait hat 
enlarged the'Bounds of the Empire, and,built 

Babylon. Thom iris, Queen of Scythia , overcame 

Cyr#4,andcaufed his head tqbe chopt off,and caft 


into a Bag full of Blood,wijth this reproach, Satia 

te fanguine quern fttiifti. 

Jfiere have ■ Cleopatra was a notable Queen of tAigypt, the 

%hlt t^mc ° f Gourttzan of Antonim, overcome by Auguftm 
f . * in a Sea-fight. She caufed two Serpents to fting 

her to death, when lhe faw that lhe could not 

“ r " : • op- 


f 


9 


Gh. 25 


Deini-God^ 


oppofe the Power of the Romans, who were r^Jbl 
ved to lead her in Triumph. i 


Zenobiit was a Queen of Armenia, the 1 Wife of 
Rhadamiftus, driven out of hi? Kingdom by Tiri- 

dates , mentioned by Cor. Tacit. \ ^ 


Amalafiuntha was 


Queen of. the t 

- * v y'lr* ’ 


fther of the ‘Perfans \ Irene a Famous 


Conftantinople , who lived in mv v. ■ 
lemaign, and governed the Eaftern Empire 


who lived 


the days of Char 


0 


data'was a Famous Princefs, the only CWW ana 

Heirefs of Homartes, King of part of Bwfnai 
When lhe was fought in Marriage, lhe refped 

all that came unto her, and wasrefolvedto oe j 

ftow her felf upon a ftrange Prince, whom lhe 
had feen in a Dreafci, and fancied fo much, that, 
lhe could not be quiet until lhe had difpafched 
away Meflcngers unto him, to fetch him into her 

Fathers Court. ‘ 


Olympias , the Wife of Philip , and Mother of 
Alexander the Great, was remarkable for her 
courage and bold fpirit *, lhe freely offered her 
breaft to the weapons of the Souldiers, who had 

been fent to murder her. ; f . v 


7 


noted Emprefs of Perfu 


■ 

J 


caufed her 


Husband and all his Army to become Clvriftians^ 
and mediated an Agreement between the Sophy 


end the Emperour of Conftantinople . ‘ * . 

Julia-t he Emprefs was famous for her Whore¬ 
doms at Rome , as Adeffalina, the Wifeof Clau¬ 
dius C afar, was afterwards. 

Amongft the Amazjms, thefe were the molt 


noted Queens 


Martheft, 


Lampedo, Orythia 


Mcnalippe, Hyppolite, and Pent he (ilea, of whom 
Virgil fpeaks in the Relation of the Worthies of 


Troy 


R 4 


Vncit 




t 



I 




J&lian. /. 2j 


\ 


Gravis in cum 


%ht tyV&m of tpe 


t' 


Book II. 


t 


N 

J) ucit /fmazonidnm Inn at is agmina pelt is 
Penthefilea fitrensymediifqHe in millibus ardet 


i 


Helena? the Mother of Conftantiney was an ex? 
pellent Princefs, who did mightily encourage the 
Affairs of Chriftianity in the beginning of the 11 - 
niycrfal Converfion from Paganifm. 

Jhefe are the names of other noted Women 
of all Ages. 

Sappho did excell in all manner of Learning in 
Greece , but efpecially in Poetry : She invented a 
kind of Verfe, which is called from her Sapphick. 


c y 


was 


Mother pf Judas lft 


Canace was the Daughter of Moists:. She is in¬ 
famous for the Inceft which Ihe committed with 


her Brother Macaretts 


Myrrha , the Daugh 


ter of Cy naras King of Cyprus, lay with her Fa¬ 
ther,by the means of a Nurl'e, when he wds drunk 


She proved with Child by this inceftuous Marri? 
age of the beautiful esfdonis 9 but when her Fa- 
t)ie r underwood her wickednefs-, he fought to 
deflroy her; but file nevertheless laved her felf 


m 4 * > * » 

deflroy her 
in Arabia, 
IVfyrrh-Tree 

Ltjcrece vs 


where fhe 


changed into the 


• 4 


a Noble Woman of Rome, who 


&**’. c rf° 1;ir was* ravifh’d by the Son of Tarquinw, and then 
Saudi ’!'uu killeci her felf . exhorting the Romans to revenge 


Stren.Rag .' 

"to r. Tacit. 


her death. - 

f V 

Aria , a Roman Lady, was married 


Vetm 


who fell into the Emperour Tiberius's difgrace, fo 
that he was fajfly accufed, and Wrongfully con¬ 
demned tpdye.When his loving Wife law him in 

tpis cpndition,fiie advifed him to difpatch himfdf; 
but he difeovering an unwillingnefsto be his own 


t 


E 


4 


I 


; 


:■ 


+4 


Cti, 

Executioner, 


r 

!>eat&tft Demi Gods] 

(he fnatch’d the Sword out of his 




hand, and (hew’d him what to do,by thruftinglC 

into her Bowels, with this Exdamatiod, 


into her Bowels 

non dolet. Death 


not painful 


Martial hath 


thought her worthy of an Epigram. 

Casta Chq vladium cum traderet Arria Paeto See Aftrtial ^ 

Oiiem dedit vifceribtu,traxcrat ipfe Juts 1 . , U- £?#*•. 

Si'ajnafides, minus , quod feci , noudolet, inqmt, 

Sed quod tu facies , hoc mini , Pate dolet . 

Vomteia Vaulina was refolved alfo to accom- 
pany her Husband Seneca , who was condemned 

“ SjKhe Wife Of the Emperour 

was in love with a Fencer,and could not be cured 
until he was kjll’d, and (he had drunk a draught of 


&25JS* 0 taS •&» a* <* 

Fencing in the Amphitheatre. b f 

Xwipp'i the Wife of Socrates , is noted for a 

Scold • {he was continually tormenting him with 

W ln Croce, Lais of Corinth, Fhryne otBmtia, 


She was the Mother of Atttonms. 




* 


Am MS 


Rhodope of Egypt ,?y thorn* ^ dice, '&c 

pf Natoliay Danas of Ephefus, Jal a of Rome, ^ 

Thais who went with the Army Curt * 


of Athens , sStfpafh 


n * ? 

1 * 


» V 




±rjup> vvuvifvuv -- ^ ^ y /> »• 

Perlia,Lamia oi Athens, Methra fJH d h Cd 'p 

Cyrene, Leshia, Manilla, and Phoebe ot Jtac, and 
many more-, were ramous Curtizans. 

« 

V. - - r • . . 

Das Pattis-, das Germanis , ^ DacU r 
Nes Cilicmn Jpernis Cappadocimque tor os. 


. >" ' 

• « 




4 ^ 



CHAP, 


M 





€&e pmw tst ■ tfje 


k - 


Book II. 


* * 


f M 


I 



CHAP. XXIV 


A I 


* ; 


v - * 


s 


\ - f 


* 

Of the Truth fhackwed'outin the Fabulous Stories 

according to the Opinion of Galtruchius. 


f, 


r '' 


m — » 

Ruth-Is as the Sun, it deitroys and drives 

JL away all darfcnfcfs of Falfhood and mf 
flake's. NevertheJefs, many of thefe Fables are 
derived from the Truth, and have been inten¬ 
ded to fet ic forth .• Therefore the Heathens did 
fay v . that Cains was the Father df. Saturntu , 
the God of Time, becaufe Ccelum Heaven did 
sneaforc afhd limit but time unto us, bv its con- 


NevertheJefs, many of thefe Fables 


* 


( 


tinuaf motions 


Ifook us tery fell, gives 


And becaufe Time doth 


9 

being, and deltroys 


all th ings liiat appear in Nature, and that nothing 
is abfef o refill its power: Therefore this God 
tttrnus is reprefen ted as an old Senior* with wings 
tipoh his fttoulders, drtd with a Syth in his hand. 
Some think cutting down all that'is before him. lie is repre- 
Jmus to be fented fwallowing his own Children, with hard 

ftonosTy becaufe Time eats and con fumes the mbit 


ithqr 


s 


dimohMwii 

US', ^C.llM 


durable fubftances 


i % 

J . I « 


V 


V 


' ^ 


that he 
prefent 


s re- 

tcdwitli 


i . TfoeM eat hens didpjfint Janus with twoFaces, 
re- totxprefs the Wifdofe of a brave Prince, who is 


$ 6 jadgb of the Eventstff the timeta come, from 


tvjn Varra Ur i . ° ---tv wniv, uvm 

«ufe heSd "*“?■' ^ rn ^ r Experience of the time paft, that he 


two 


worlds 


See 


might ad nothing afeifs. 

And becaufe a wife man doth take notice of all 


vtlf ttenici- things before him,, without difeovering 

9 iint. of the_i_ j-» ^ 


%ant. ot 
Learned 1 
Dickinfon, 


gaging himfelf •, they did reprefenthim by Gyges y 
who had a Ring of that extraordinary virtue 
that when he did turn inwardly the precious ftone 

that 


c • 


V -. 7 . 


i . . J 




r* 


<*.• > 
'JL _ 





Ch. 14- Oemi uods. 

that was endofed in it, 

was not feen by any. v _ ... 


I (hall not weary the Reader by a repetition ot 
a great many more Myfterfes and of fome for* 
merly mentioned in this Treatife. *, only let him 
take notice, that the Heathen* did declared* 
Prometheus hs>d brought a polite manner of ljfe 


• V 


vaee and beaftly cuftoms, by faying that he had 
formed them of the Mud of the Ear th, and fir ft 

caufed them to appear in the World. The Fable 


iwwrt CH1M * rr • - . * f J 

for it is raid of them, that they changed 


» jL.* >- »^ ^ 


□ tUliva auu x. . - • . ^ * ••, • • ; r 

The Poets . relate alfo, how Amfhim with 
the harmony'- of his.Lute<£_WaHs^ 


> 


all the 1 nhabitants of thi 
People of the Mountains 


s' 


come arid live tofe- 


-gether in thatGity 


■Prometheus taught the Way 


of drawing 1 fire ' out of the ftbrieSj by knocking 

them together* therefore -they laid, that he; 
had fetch’d: fire from Heaven. He made his a- 
bode upon Mobnt Caucafus , frbin whence he did 
continually behold' the Stars, and ftudy their 
Morions and Influences. Therefore the Poets 


Motions and Influences. Theretore the Poets 
declared’, that Mcrcurm ^had bound him to 

this Mountain, and that an Tagle was put to con- 

feme his Liver. By this 

fignifie, how the thoughts ofhisftudKsdldeat 
him up. They alfo publifiied, that his Brbthef 

Atlas did carry tbe Heavens upon his fhoulders 


becaufe he was a great Aftrploger, arid^ 


the Ufe < 
in his life 




About 
















i 


%68 


C&e of e&e 


Book If. 


About that time Argus built a City, unto 
which he gave his own name, and becaufe he was 

a moil watchful Prince,and vpry circumfpeft, the 

Poets did give unto him many Eyes. 

We have already laid in the Story of Per feus, 
hoyv he reprefents the Qualities of a brave Com¬ 
mander. Pegafus, there mentioned, is nothing 
elfe but the Ship that carried Bellcrophon a gain it 
the Chi mara ; and the Wings of Dedalus, were 

nothing elfe but jthe Sails of a Ship, which hein- 
Vjented tp carry himfelf out of Cm*. What is 
related of his Son Icarus, and of Phaeton, re¬ 
prefents the Picture of the Ambitious Men: as 
the Stories of Tantalus, and of the Harpies, do 
/hadow out unto us the Covetous, and the Syrens 


the Voluptuous# The Bird which devoured the 



Liver of Prometheus, did exprefs the torments of 

a wounded Corifcience, a$ well as the furies and 

a di(content of Orefies do. 

If any did excel in Goodnefs, Power, Au? 
tnonty, or Induftry, he was placed amongft the 

By this means Jupiter, King of Creta, 


God 


9 * ■*. < * - 

with his Brothers Neptunus. and Pluto. 


or. of Candia, was advanced .amongft the Gods, 

. ... Neptu- 

mes was held for the God of the Sea, becaufe he 

did command the Fleet: Pluto was the God of 

Pel), becaufe he invented the Funeral Rites 

paid unto the Dead. The Court of.every King 

was a Heaven, and the Refidence of the Gods. 

If any happened to be driven from thence, he 

was faid to be banilbed out of Heaven. If any 

did efcape from an eminent danger, by flying from 

it, they did publilh, that he was metamorpho- 

Ted into a Bird. If any hid himfelf in' the 

Wopds, (ip was faid to be changed into a Beall, 

as 


% L 


Ch. id 


tttatfjeit Demi-Gods 


as if happened with hymn the Son of Pelafgus, 
King of Arcadia, who was purfued by Jupiter, 
becaufe of his Railleries and Jefts, which he did 
caft upon the Worfhip of the Gods. The Poets 


therefore feigaed, that 
Wolf. 


was changed 


la the Fifth Chapter we did mention the 

tain-glory of Marfyas and Midas\ unto thefe 
we could add many more Examples to the fame 

nurpofe* as of that Fanatick Raven that had a 


pu rpofe, as of that Fanatick Raven that h 
very high conceit of her felf, and did conti 
ally glory in her beauty, although fhewas 
vered with the Feathers of other Birds. 


The 


old Afs of jreddia is alfo noted for its vanity: 
It had been perfwaded by the other Affes of the 
Country, that it did excell ail the Birds of theAir 
in fweetnefs of the Voice, becaufe it had been 


long accuftomed 

lody. 

But it is fuffic 


Bray with fome kind of me 


I 


1UUJ I 

But it is fufficient to have fliewn by thefe Ex¬ 
amples, what ufe may be made of the Fables e 
We fhall therefore take notice, that many noted 
Philofophers of Antiquity, did labour to cover 
the fhame and the infamy of their Religion, by 
caufing the Storks of their Gods, all the actions 

of their lives y and the ftrange Metamorphofes, to 
pafs for Allegories and fymbolical Reprefentati- 
ons.However thefe things were firft invented,it is 
certain,that during many hundred yearsthey were 
publifhed and believed for truths; therefore the 
* Heathens did acknowledge nothing mote un¬ 
doubted and lacred, .becaufe they had no other 

Religion, nor knowledge oftheir Gods to honour 


them 


Their Temples 


their Sacrifices," and 


their Solemnities, were confecrated to thefe kind 

of 


269 

' i **• "V 


a 




270 


% %t 5>f ffoj p eg t&e 


Book It 


,pf Divinities,as the holy Scripture,and all profane 
and facred Anchors inform sis the Fathers of 
the Primitive Church of Chrift did reprefent to 
the Heathens, and asfome of them, after their 

converfion to the Faith, did openly confefs. 

And let us not imagin, that thefe Fables were 

only popular Errours *, for the Philofophers,lear¬ 
ned in the My fteries of Nature, and acquainted 
with many difcoveries of the trueGod,did never- 
thelefs promote all manner of Idolatry andSuper- 

jm # « • •• mjm m 


* 


> 


v . *- 


Romans : For they were afraid of the Laws of the 
Country , that did not fuffer any to contraditft 
them,thereforethey did willingly comply withthe 
Opinions and facrilegious Tales of the People. 

It is ftrange, that the Monarchs,and the Com¬ 
mon wealths,full of the wifeft and moft excellent 
Politicians, have been fo blind* as to adore the 
Stars, Elements, and Princes that reigned before 
them .Thus the Chaldeans worlhipped 'Baal, other 
wile named 'Belus, who had been the firft King of 
Affyria. The hiftory ofDaniel doth alio relate unto 
us,thatthe Emperour of Babylon, according to the 
Religion of his Country, did adore not only the 
God Belas, but alfo a great Dragon,which Daniel 
broke in pieces,tolhewhim who was tfcetrueGod. 


Learning, they 


% 


cfid 


When th q Egyptians were moft Famous for 
Learning, they aid confecrate their Temples to 
the God Serapisi) which was an Oxe marked in an 
extraordinary manner, becaufe they did believe 
that 0 fir is, one oftheir Kings,the Son of Jupiter, 
had been metamorphofed into an Oxe after his 
death. From hence th zlfraeUtes did derive their 
lhameful cuftom and inclinations of worlhipping 


Golden Calves* 


After 




Ch. 24. peatfiCtt Demi-Gods. 

Afterwards* the Egyptians did adore the Sun 
and named him Opr is s and the Moon, and called 
, her his Wife Queen Jfis. They did alfo believe, 
that the Cats, the Crocodiles, and the Onions, 
were to be reverenced as Gods,becaufe the Gods 
went into Egypt to hide themfelves in the fhapeof 
thofe things during the War of the Giants. 

The Romans , by the Decrees of their Senate, 

placed amongft their Gods many of their Cafars^ 
befldes Aat infamous Varlet <*Ammous,\ heFavou- 
rite of th^ |i 3 perour Adrian .* T0 flatter and al- 
; leviadk the grief of this,. Prince, conceived for his 
deatlffhey perfwaded him thztAntinous, was chan¬ 
ged into a new Star, which appeared about that 

time in the Heavens. 

Therefore from hence we may conclude; that 
thefe follies and impieties were not only amongft 

the filly Vulgar, but alfo amongft thegreateft 
Wits and Nobleft Men, and that they wereeftee- 
med as Maxims of Religion in the moft flourifliing 
Empires and Commonwealths. T. his blindnefs and 

I excelfive folly will appear more plainly unto us, 

by that which we fhall declare in the firft Cha¬ 
pters of the next Book, concerning the Worfliip 

paid to the Heathen Idols. 

’E?**£, tW $ SiotrJb'Jov U rei0ov 

Zh\riteo fuwt *pav tetfa 

T1<J) fxii/ SfoxMoihvrn J*’ 8 £?rto/{ } ' 7 roTi S' <*p 9 $re j 

’Avt okuv Umteua, Jy 

*H| &a\aasiotf vkoxQ ovtounv Airaei, &£• 

a 

The End of the Second Book. 







p 



t 







■ T 



9 \ 4 


< 




> 

€&7 <tfe> ’ j£®3a 


I 


& 


i 


The P R E F ACE, 


«r% 



^ ♦ 

He Kmwledg 


fa God doth 


ffarily require f 


dience 


Wo r (hip 


from us Ohe r 
and ReffeMy 


which me 


hound 




uflice 


render to Him> as to a Being infinitely excel 
ling all the reft , and to whom me owe ohi 
felveSy and all our enjoyments. From henc « 


and all 


ve owe our 

0 _ 

From hence 


enjoyments, rrom nence 
which is the fuhlmeft 


proceeds Religion , which is tree jublimejt 
and mod excellent of all the Moral Virtues. 

It teacheth us howto adore our God with out¬ 
ward exprejfions of humility , as well as with 
inward\ that we may acknovAedge thereby 
his Sovereignty over us. It teacheth us to 


may 


make our Addreft < 
to the ftrft fource , 
good thingsIt 


' unto Him ly Rrayer 
from whence ijfue all 


good thingsIt teacheth us to pulliff his 
Praifes i to glorifie his Greatnefs , and offer 


unto him Sacrifices , becaufe he 


the fir ft 


Principh 


He 


nd the laft End <f all his Crea¬ 
ks the abfolute Lord of Life and 


Death . It teacheth us 


erett tempi 


IJo for thefe 


ifo 


and appoint Days to wor¬ 


ship Him, that we might 

$ 


both 


anti 


* r* 


‘#rFj 

i-i.- 




























276 




X 

i; 


i 


► 

r. ; 


• f 


; ; , 


©f tlje honours paid Book m. 

their Polterity, maugre Death,and its tyrannical 

Power. 

Thefe Images or Statues are vifible expreflions 
of Reverence : Andbecaufe they have a relation 


fom 


to Perfons of Honour, who have de 


ferved from us our efteem, they feem to demand 


fome kind of refped 


and in procefs of 


they do appear venerable Monuments of former 


Ages 


But the Honour done unto them 


tended only to the Perfons which they repre 


fent 


Thus 


the Church, Chrift is reprefented 


tejmplation of 


by Images, to raifeour minds to the 


Holy Saviour, and tocaufe 


the ruder fort of People to learn the Myfteries of 


his Life and Death 


But the Heathens did com' 


mit two grievous Sacriledges by ere&ing Sta¬ 
tues to their Gods: T/r/?, They did acknow¬ 
ledge others befides the true God Almighty, 
who only is worthy of our Services,'and of 
the flip re me religious Refped.' Secondly, They 


he fup 
id efte 


thefe 


Statues as Gods, and 


m 


d Worlliip and Adore the Works of their 

u ids. 

For we mull: take notice, that Idols pro- 

nly are not Images of real things, but of falfe 

winines, or offuch as were unjuftly honoured 
o-ods .• Therefore the Apoftle informs us,that 
Idol i 6 nothin? 0 which cannot be faid of the 
lages of the Saints, becaufe they do exprefs 


of the S 


Perfons that are really in being 


Befides, 
did adore 


was not only 


we muft obferve, that the Heathens 
taefe very Idols as Divinities, which 


£k 

u 


Me 


but of the learned ; Som 


.liftake of the vulgar fort of 


them I confefs 

did 





Ch. t* to tf)C fyeatbeit Gods. 

did acknowledge thefolfy of fuch pradices. This 
is confirmed unto us in many places of Holy 


Scripture, as in the 14 of Wifdom , and the 
Ffalms , where David upbraids the hlolators, be¬ 
caufe they did worfhip the Works of their own 
Hands, God that had Eyes, and all other Mem¬ 
bers of humane Bodies, but neither Life nor 
Adion in them. All the Prophets do agree to this, 
and it was in this manner that the Children of// 1 
m/did adore the Golden Calf in the Wildernefs, 
and that the King of 'Babylon, with all the Gran¬ 
dees of his Court, did call upon Daniel to worfhip 
the Idol of King Belus. And for this caufe St JW, 
in his Epiftles, labours to make his new Difciples 
underftand the extraordinary favour,which Chrift 


* 

heir own 


had vouchfafed unto them 


have withdrawn 


them from the fervice of mute and infenfibleldols. 
TheToly Fathers of the Church did often upbraid 
the Heathens, that their Gods were for the mbit 
part nothing but Marble and Metal, which Ar- 

nohms, and many other worthy Perfons, did ac¬ 
knowledge when they embraced Chriftianity. And 
Trifmegi&us alfo, according to the faying of 
St .Auftin, did really believe, that Idols were to 
be worfhipped and facrificed unto, that Men 
might obtain Favours from them, and decline the 

Evils which might happen unto them. 

We have taken notice of this paflage, to op- 
pofe it to the Dodrine of Calvin, who teaches 
the contrary, and who publifhes to the World, 


that 


R omamfts d 0 


the Heathens, by 


honouring the Image of Jefus Chrift *, for he fup- 
pofeth, that the Heathens did confider Idols but 
as the naked reprefentations of their Gods, with¬ 
out any other refped. 


S 3 


We 





. * 



S 78 


ffif tie 5)omttic0 pate 


Book III. 


We might here mention the moftFamous Idols 

of Antiquity, as the Colo flits of Rhodes , Diana 
of the Epheflans, Minerva of Athens', this laft 

did bear in her Buckler the Image of the Work- 
man, formed fo artificially, that it was not pof- 
jible to remove or deface it, without a vifible pre¬ 
judice to the whole Piece. But as this difcourfe 
is not proper to our defign, I fhall not infill 

upon it. 


Additional Note 


Concerning 

“this cafe of 

♦ ♦ 

Confclence, 
confult Rai- 


nold. 


Sadel 


I 

Ecclef. 


Burdeg. Mar¬ 
tyr. Loc. com . 

Melancthon, 

&to • 


4 

I cannot] let this Digreffion of the Jefm pafs 
without an Antidote. He pleads for the Wor- 
fhip of Images, which he condemns in others: 
Yet he labours tojuftifiehimfeIf,andhis Religion, 
from that foul crime, of which the holy Pro¬ 
phets, and the Fathers of the Chriftian Church, 
do accufe the Heathens. Whereas it is plain, 
both by their Practices, and by the Confeffion 
of the molt eminent of their Dodors, that there 

is no difference between them and the moll fu- 

• , • 

perftittous Heathens: If there be, we mull con- 
fefs that thePapiftsdo exceed the former in their 
Idolatry, and are far more prophane than the 
others ever were. 

Firft, It is not difficult to prove, that there 
is no difference in the outward pradices of the 
Heathens and Papifts, in this particular : We 


need but open 


Eyes, and we fhall fee them 


both Cringing, Bowing, Kneeling, proftrate 
the Ground, Incenfing and offering to their 
feveral Images, all the Divine'Honours that the 


Body is able to pay unto God. Wee ihall fee the 

Papifts as well as the Heathens, pour forth their 
! 1 Prayers 


. Or.. 







1 







’V- 




Ch. 1 


to tlje l&eat&en Gods 




Pravers before the Statues of Wood and Metal, 
and exped from them affiftance in time of need j 
m Ihall hear them fay unto the Stoc ^^ u a * c 

mv Father*, and to the Stone, thou haft begot¬ 
ten me. The Heathens did cut and lance them- 
felves before their Idols, they did load them 


y* w 


with Garlands and Flowers 


fo do the Papifts 


all the Dominions of the Pope 


They crown 


and fet them out on their Feftival Days,that they 
mieht oblige the People to more refped; they 

offer unto them their Riches: It is a common pra¬ 


ctice 


*t 


for 


Mendicant Fryer to carry 


with him the Image of the Virgin joyned 

to his Box, that her Credit among the lgnwant 

multitude might ftirup their liberality. I hey 
do alfo affiid and whip themfekes before their t 

Images, cut their Bodies with Knives, and put ft n fmguini, 
themfelves to many other needlefs fufFermgs for to m vasimpt. 


VI 


pleafe God and the Saints 


We in England, that 


ad 


„„„ _-. v ; v .7- fundendam 

are ignorant of thefe follies and extravagant pra- ckm> Ak: 

dices,are apt to be deceived with tneir colourable 


but 


pretences *, but in this particular they are more 
guilty than the Heathens of Superftition; tor 
they adore and pray unto the Images of thole 

, that they acknowledged to be no God, whereas the 
' Heathens never offered Sacrifice, nor worfhippea 
any, but fuch as they imagined to be in the num¬ 


ber of Gods 


fuch as they defired ffiouid be 


promoted to that honour 
But, faith the 'fefuit. 


See what God 
faith to the 


. xr 1 j-j laitn to me 

~ But, faith the Jefmt, the Heathens did ac- bow j ng 0 four 
knowledge the Images to be their Gods, ana fo Bodies to the 


they adore them, which we do 


for if our idols 


Bodies do bow to areprefentation.ourMinds do ^’ SiHitr6m 

atthefameinftant convey our reipect to tnePerion aga i n ft 

r^rfoin tllQf file PftDlltS C2H - " lihA 1. 


reprefented 


I am certain, that the Papifts 

S 4 


not 


lib 


• ♦ 








* " , f - >■ < r *V V * * 










I- 


• ^ 
n 


1 i 

5 





FT 

; 

:1 

a 


$0 


©f t&e ^ewottCiS pate 


Book III 


fay more in this cafe to free tfeemfelves from 


the fufpici 


of Folly, than 


Heathen doth 


Minucius Fit, Minucius Felix , where he wittily difputes withu 

a Chriftian, and tells him, that he is not fo igno¬ 
rant, but that he knows the power and value of 
the Image before which he falls, which isfafhio- 
ned and framed by a Workman : I know, faith 
he, that the Image is but Metal or Stone, but as 


if 


dedicated 


Ay&XlJcLTcL 


Virtue of God, named Jap 


prCfent fuch a God, or fuch 


Juno, &c 


Do not think 


© 


CLVATTKldL 


mage doth ftcp there, my thoughts do dir eft 
my Worlhip to God, and his Attributes which 


Apollo, Mer 

that my ho 


That the Sea- I adore 


and by fuch an Image.I am 


tues wfi r: full Papift can fay more for himfelf,than ,the Heathen 


was the o- 
pj.nion of the 

Heathen. 

Ic teems by the 


doth 


this place 


the Prophets do cry againft 


Yet thefe were they that all 


How can therefore 


the Romanifts reckon themfelves guiltlefs 


•? 


Our Jeji 


abufeth Armbius 


to make him 


pifhdo aferibe 


approve of 1 
what he faith 


r -- -pi 

to ImigeSjtliat 111 
.they do labour the 

V 


Heath 

Images 


of Idolatry againft his will, we may fee 
faith in his Sixth Book contra Gernes. 
Athens affirm, that they do not worlhip 
jes, but the Prefence of God in them. 


*? For they did imagin, thata Divine Virtue 


the People, 
that there is 


ufed into them by a Dedication 


Therefore I 


fuch a divine the Heathens more rational in their practice's 
prefcnceorvir- than the Papifts^for the former did really believe 
tue inherent in that which did require their Devotion, whereas 

^ Cn ~ ; / r • j r - ne ^ atcer do pay the fame refpcCt by the Decree 
SefTio ^ ^ ounc d> and yet declare, that they 


invocat.vm - imagin no fuch 


cm, 


SintioYHm. 


oblig 


lency in them, 


u 


emto this humanity 


Bellar 


Ihould 

their 


Imagines Dti, A*g;tor. hominum Sinflonm proprie per fe, non autm.tantum 


t 

bo 


* " 


otetypi coliTida font, & qxidem cult ft rtligiofo. Bell. 7 .2.f. 12-Difp 
\rs is of the fame opinion, fo are all the Jtfuitical Writers. 


* H 

u 


great 


Ck 


to tfee 5>eatben Gods 


* 


great Goliah, affirms more, That the Images of 
Saints are to be worlhipped properly, and for 

themfelves, and not only with a relation to the 


aai 

. r 


Perfons reprefented. The moft fuperftitious Hea¬ 
then 'cannot fay more for his Idols, than this 


then cannot lay more 
DoCtor for his Images 


I [hall not heap up 


gether the horrid abominations, andi grievous ex- 
preffions touching the Crofs and the Virgin^;, 

in their Hymns and Prayers, and the other extra¬ 
vagant opinions of the reft of their Do<ftors,who 
.0 beyond the Heathens in Idolatry, and in rob¬ 
bing God of his Sovereign Right, It (hall fuffice 
to fee the unlawfulnefs of bowing to Images. In 

thefecond Commandment, God torbids the Ifrae- 
fitei to make to themfelves any graven Image,or _the 
likenefs of any thing that is in Heaven above, 6 cc. 
Thott (halt not bow down to them, nor worjlnp them. 

This is fo plain, againft them, that they have 


to 


Jlxodt 2,o» 4» 5 




This is fo plain, againft them, that they have 
thouehfit convenient to dalh it out of the number 
of all the Writings that appear to the People m 
the’ir own Language, and to fupply the want ot 

it thev have divided the tenth Commandment 

into two, to make up Ten. Which is craftily 


their 


Which is craftily 


done 


betray 


own weaknefs, and 


baniffi out of their Decalogue a Commandment 


that accufeth them of idolatry 


fuch plain 


terms. 

God 
muft n 


give his glory unto another, we 
aftociate unto him any Creature, his 

:annot without Prophanation.be 


Divine Rights cannot without Fropnanauon oc 
aferibed to any other Being therefore unto ood 
only we muft pray and make our add relies, ana Jo n 4 

as he is a Spirit we muft worlhip him in Spirit and 


m 


•1 % 




It isnot impeffible to reprefent God with any 


E 








if; 

$ 

hi * 

•ij‘ 

fh ■ 

1 1 - • 

Iji 

f I*, 


f 1 ' 

• I 4 

“!■ 

• ii: 


.'ij ! 

* V ’ 


" n» 

Kg 


* * 


1 h; 


• ».* . 

* i 


i ‘ ‘ 


*. 1 


. < 


I 

k 

% 

fi; 


I 

I 

il 




• XI 

w b 

\ a 


i8 


i 


— • . . I 


ViUt. 4 . 12 . 


£/ifc 40. 8 


ROM. S> 


Avintln. in 
Anna!, 


Of tfje honours! paid 


Book III. 


Images befides, it is forbidden, Mofe 


the Israelites, that they fhpald 


r ofes warns 
liken God 


unto any thing. In our Houfes and Temples, the 
Images of God and of Chrift have been eftee- 
med,by all fober Chriftians,as the prophanations 


of the Sacred Perfons which w 


Adore 


Therefore the Seventh Council did forbid the! 


mage of Chrift to be drawn 


Vnto whom (faith 


If alas) will you liken G od , or with what reft 


hlance will you reprefe 


him 


He hath engraven 


the Images of himfelfiiuhe great Fabrick of the 
World, and in the beautiful make &difpofition 
of all Creatures} there the invifible things of him 
are clearly feen^c. Here it becomes us to adore 
him by a continual contemplation of his wonders. 

Power, Wifdom, and Goodnefs. Ail other Ima- 

% 

ges of God do beget in usa mean efteem of his 
Greatnefs, and inftead of benefiting the fimpie 
People, they fteal away from him their hearts 
and afRdions, which is direftly contrary to the 


defign of the Gofp 


They nourilh Ig 


and Errour, for there is no place in the World 
where fo many abfurdities of God and of his 
Power are believed, as in Spain and Italy , where 
Images are worfhipped. I could here mention all 
the Fathers of the Primitive Church and many 
worthy Men fince, who have abhorred this abufe 
that is crept in amongft the Chriftians. Claudius 


Clemens , Bilhop of Auxerre 


France , oppofed 


the Pope, and would not fuffer Images in his 

Diocefs. Leo If auras , Con famine, Nicephorus, 
Leo Armenitss , iJLficbael B alb us, and Theophilus , 

the Emperours of the Eaft, have been branded 
with Excommunications from %ome, becaufe they 
would not fubfcribe to this horrid Idolatry. And 

a G reck 




r* r-IL.-AC‘.1.3* 



to foe ipiatSen Gods 


Greek Hiftoria 


informs 


that when Frede 


• ' l 

Ch. 1 . to tfje^tat&or Gods • ||l 

a Greek Hiftorian informs ns, that when Frede- «" 

rick I. the Emperour, who led his Army to the, AnnoDora> 

Conqueftofthe Holy Land, entred into Armenia n8o . 

the Chriftians of thofe Parts did lovingly receive t*«6r. 1.4, 
them,becaufe the worihip of Images was not ad- 
nutted amongft them,as amongft other Northern 
People. I could here mufternpan Army of the 
moft excellent Men of all Ages, who have dete¬ 
cted this grievous abufe, that renders Chriftians 


ridiculous to Mahumetans 


We do not deny 


IIUIVUWU* .. • , T r . 1 ^ 

civil refpeft to the Piftures and Images of the 


Dead, 
fhare i: 
God, i 
minate 


but to make them, or their Prototypes, 
any part of that Honour only due unto 

in extravagancy that we ought to abo- 


Befides. our Jefuite is grofly miftaken, whei 
he faith that the Images of Saints worllupped 


whom Men 


do kneel, are not Idols, be 


caufe they are Reprefentations of Real Things. 

TJie LXX . and St. Paul are not of his judge¬ 
ment for they call many real things mophm 

* 1 The word ,r E<ejbAoi'is compolea ol E/J&r v ^,a 


Idols 


Face, and A«x<£m> to ferve,and in al! the Greet 


Expid 


a race, ; 
Writers 
we pay 


t is taken for the images unto whom mur u. 6; 
fpeft and fervice •, neverthelefs, Saint . * 

. that an Idol is nothine : 1 conceive The at b rew 


SPaul faith, that an Idol 
he borrows this Expref 
word inn which iignifies 
or an infignificant thing • 


this Expreflion from the Hebrew call Idols alfo 


liug without form 
; LXX . upon the 




Samuel 12. 21. have rendered 


thus} 




St ere or a, 

dunghil Gods 


they call there, 


many other paftages, Idols of the Hpa- 
r* uil 09ret , things that have no being 


and in many other 
thens, Tct pjl ofTd , t 

which relates rather 

riginals. The Ima£ 


Images than to the O- the Hejthens 


The Images therefore of the Hea- 

then 


, 4 






( ! i 


it].. 


if: 1 


«*• 


l);i 

3 


|: 


•V • 


*#■! 

I! 




is* 







» 


: 


ill 



2 


©f t&e honours pat'D 


thens had no being, that 


Book III 


no real being, as 


they imagined them to have, no power, no virtue 
no Soul nor motion, they were things void of 
life and a&ion. They were but Wood, Stone, 
or Metal, that could neither hear, nor deliver 


us. 


And 


are 


the hnag 


of the Saints of 


the fame kind, rd (in h ta > things without Soul 
things void of fenfe and undemanding ? What 
qualities do the Papifts fancy in them, that 
caufe them to excel the Idols of the Heathens ? 
But if our JeJmt will needs apply this rd /in hr a 

^ the Originals of the Images, I am afraid the 
Saints will be found included in this expreflion. 
f will fay nothing of many that are now adored 

St bvUy*, in Rome > who Were never in being, unlefs in 
St. Catherine, the Fancy of fame dreaming Monk , or of a re- 


St'Chriftopher , ligious Romancer 


(fyc. 


hey are reprefented 


It is certain, that the Saint 


be 


ifa. 6 3 . is. !“?’ tdeir B ° dies c ha y been confumed long ago 

We may find intoaihes. Their Souls are at reft, but unable to 
(hisTAfiricyjet hear °ur prayers and groans, or to yield unto us 
applied to the any comfort. To what purpofe therefore do we 

22V n j! Bu * make our addrefles tothefe rd(iH Worworlhio 

ried in the 42 rhn r H thot orp nnf . oK . * _ 


)le, that are not able to receive our refpedts, 
make any returns ? Is it not better according 
Gods exprefs command, to humble our felves 

:o him, who is every where, and in our need 

1 upon his mercy, who hath promifcd to hear us 


Gen . 36. To- ^ 

feph is notice .' or make any retu 
Therefore this tO.'Gods exprefs co 
e^preflion is unto him, who is 

^ call upon his mercy 
ceafed Saints Chrift his fake 


CHAP. 


Ch.i. 


to tlie ©eat&flt Gods. 


*?y. 

? h 6 


* 

t 


CHAP. II. 


Of tbt Edifices and Temples dedicated to th 


heathen go ds. 


T 


He Pagans did commonly boaft of feven 
ftately Structures, that were named, The 
Seven Wonders of the World. The firft was the 


Wall of Babylon 


which Queen Semiramlf planted 


and the pleafant Gardens 


About this 


Work three hundred thoufand Men were conti- 


nualiy imployed for many years 


The fecond ^ lgr 


was the ' Labyrinth of Egypt, deferibed by Hero * 
dotns ,in which 1 6 large Apartments or fumptuous 
Pallaces were built, to equal the ^Governments 
or Provinces of Egypt: There were in it fo many 
ways and artificial walks, that itwasnoeafie 
matter to find the way out again. Vedalus took 


his Model upon this 


build his Labyrinth 


the Ifle oiCrete. The third Wonder of theWorld 


was the Pyramids of Egypt 


which 


ofa 


prodigiou 


height,‘fix hundred thoufand Men 


were bufie in the building one of them, during 
the fpace of twenty years, as was commonly 

reported. 

The next was the MaufoUum of Cana, which 
Queen Artemifia built,as a Sepulchre for her de- 


lib. 


ceafed Husband Manfol 


file enrich’d it with Stra ^ Ub. 13 


fo many rare Ornaments, that it was elteenied 


wj 

'A I 

n 

1 : n 

i’\i 

I : * j I 
r .1 

rl 
I 1 

B t aI 


I 


of the greateft Wonders of the World 


Ail 


Monuments of 


kind have fince been called 


Mattfol 


This Queen did love her Husband fo 


much, that befides this Edifice 


file erefted 


/ 


for him,filecaufed the allies ofhIs confumcd Body 





£>f m honours paid 


Book lit 


to be put into a Cup of Wine, and drank them, 

to give him a lodging next to her heart. 

The Colo ff.'as of Rhodes , which we have already 


mentioned 


reckoned 


gft thefe Won 


ders of the World. 

The lixth, was the S tatue of Jupiter Olympic 
made by G-’bid.as. of an hundred and fifty Cubits 
high : The head was of pure Gold, but the Body 
wasofBrafs. 

But the greateft Wonder, and incomparable 
Work, was the Temple of Epbefm, dedicated to 
Diana. An hundred and twenty large Pillars were 
to he feefi there, every one of them had been the 
foie enterprife and work of a King, who was re- 
folved to make his Piety and Magnificence appear 


upon his Pillar. 

The Temple 
ftatelv. I fhail 


iver the World *, were alfo 
offer to number them; it is 


ftately. I mail not offer to number them *, it is 

fufiicient to know, that Princes and Nations did 
imploy their Riches and ingenious Inventions of 

Architecture, only in building Temples to their 
Gods. In which there were always to be feen 
three Altars : The firft at the entry, where the 
Victims were offered and burnt \ the fecond, in 
the middlejand the third at the end of theTemple, 
in the inclofure called Adytum , and Sacrarium , 
or Seer eta, and Penetralia. Upon thefe two laft, 

only Perfumes and fweetScents wereufually burnt 

In this place Beds and Cuffiions were commonly 

pbeed, called therefore Lettifternia and Pulvi- 


that the Peopl 


might fit and lean upon 


them m theFeafts, which were there dedicated to 


the Gods 


named Epuloncs 


The Officers of this Ceremony were 


And as thefe Gods were but of 


an inanimate fubftance, of wood, offtone, &c. 

they could neither eat nor drink ,asDamcl proved 


i* 

Gh 


to tlje ^eatften God 


) • r 


— 

to the King of Babylon , in the Temple of Telm ; 
fo that all thofe rare diflies of Meat that were offe¬ 
red, did turn to the advantage of thefe wretched 
Minifters, who fed in ftead of their Gods upon the 
Dainties that were confecrated to their fervice.^ 

Additional Note. 

In this laft Chapter, thefe following particulars 
of the Wonders of the World are omitted, which 

may deferve our knowledge. 

The Walls of Babylon built by that Warlike 

Queen S emir amis, of a fat Clay only found near 
Euphrate, were very large and high. Pliny fpeaks Lib 
of 200 Feet in height, others of 2 50, and fome of 
300 : But the ordinary opinion is, that they were 
50 Cubits high •, and fo broad, that two or three 
Chariots might go upon them in abreaft without 
danger. Diodorus faith,that they were 300 or 350 
Stadia about,(and 5 Stadia high ) that is about 22 
Englijb miles. This.ftately Wall, and the great 
Bridge that did reach over theRiver Euphrates,this 


*1 


v, t 
1 ' f 


\ 


cap 


Queen caufed 


be.built as fome fay in a year. 


therefore named AJfiduus labor , Mart. 1 .1 . Ep. 1. 

The Pyramids of Egypt do remain to this very 
day, if we may believe the Travellers that have sands Jour 

lately been in that Country,but they are mightily nal. 

defaced by time.There were three of them: The 
greateft was built by Cbemnis King of Egypt, as a 
ftately Monument of his Power,and to be his Se¬ 


pulchre after his Death 


It was placed about 16 


Englijh miles from Memphis or Grand Cairo : 1 1 was 
about the length of 6 Acres of Land in height, as 1 ^ 0 foot 

Diodorus, an Eye-witnefs,affirms. An Italian Tra- Vinz. lor, 
veller fpeaks of 250 degrees high, and that it is 

built of a hard Arabian ftone, every one being 


i 

-s 


about 30 Foot long 


Cbemnis was torn in pieces 


m a Mutiny of his People, and could never obtain 

the 






I 

I; 


&.U 


f!i 

15 K ' 

m 
| * 

I 

It 


i-!:i 


t .» 
► ► * 




Sli! 


r! 


| : 

VI.J » * 
Mi* 

f r • - > . 

v? i 

n\ 

1 

i . * 

* :i 

•;M, 

,i ! : 

lil: 


: ! i i 

f i \ 

" i. 


► I ! . 

.1 I 


I i 


M i 


f 5 ' 








! i 




1S8 


£>f tfie Q>onottr0'pani 


Book IIT, 


The lfraetitts the hdnour of*being interred in thisSepulchre.His 

wereiraployed Brother Cephas fucceeded him, and imitated his 

Pyramids as vain g lorious actions, in ereding another* leffer 
fome think j than the former, four fquare. The laft was built 

from hence is by King Mycerinm , or as fome fay by the famous 
the Proverb, Strumpet Rhodope .Upon this appears a greatHead 


*Atyv7flt'3- 


of black Marble 


of 


foot round about the 


a vile fellow ! 5 Temples,and about < 5 o foot high from the chin to 


tabyrinthus, 
an intricate 

difeourfe. 


the crown of the head. 

The Labyrinth of Egypt was built by Mem 


Art us. Thom. 
Philofirae. 


Maros, King of that Country,for his Tomb. It is 
deferibed by Herodotus ,as that of Crete is by Dio¬ 
dorus, who faw it in the time of Julius Cafar. 

The Golojfus of Rhodes was made by Chares of 
Afta Minor , in the fpace of 12 years, and was de¬ 
dicated to the Sun. It coft about 44000 pounds 
Englift money, and was placed at the entrance of 
the Harbour of the City,with the right foot Han¬ 
ding on the one fide of the Land,& the left on the 


other 


between the 


legs the talleft Ships with 


their Malts did enter into the Haven 


When 


fell down to the ground by an Earthquake, few 
men were able to embrace the little finger of this 

prodigious Statue. 

The MaufoUum of Queen Artemifia was built 
by four of the moft excellent Artificers of that 
time.lt was fquare, four hundred & eleven foot in 
compafs, & forty five Cubits high: The Square 
looking Eaft wssfinifhed by Scapas, that towards 
the Well by Lcocares , the Southern by Timotheus, 
and the Northern by BriaxMvon the top another 


The workman 

was Pludixts 


Workman placed a 

many wonderful and 


great Brazen Chariot, with 


✓ 


the Athenian, 

hm!) Jofepbia. Pt 


The Statue of Jupiter Olympias was the neateft 
of all thefe Works.-k was erected by the Eleens a 
People of Greece , 3 c placed in a Temple dedicated 

to 



Ch 


to t&e fi>eat&nt Gods 


*8 


to Jupiter, which was enriched afterwards with 

many curious reprefentations, and excellent Sta- ^ gn j fieths hmif 

tues. This of Jupiter was fitting in a Chair haiLj^ iskmwntd 

naked, but from the girdle downward he wasco- the Angels bat 
vered; in the right hand he held an Eagle, and in 


Scepter 


the left a Scepter. * CaliguU endeavoured to 

tranfport it to Rome, but thofethat were imploy- hide5 himfc |f 

ed about it were frighted from their enterprife by hisworksta 

fome unexpected accident. ’'‘ L ‘ i "|”' our 


inferlour 


ullU wj -jj- - f a m u **• 

quakes) in a Marifh ground: It was425foot \\x&cdig, 
long, and 229 broad, and 127 ftately Pillars nappaxflus 
were in it. It was rebuilt by Alexander's Com* E**w w 
mand by his Engineer, who laid the Foundations, 


The Temple of Diana at Ephefus was firft be- wcatu 
in by Cteftphon , andfeated( for fear of Earth- * Suet0 


in 


mana Dy nis Engineer, wuu icuu tu* I , JovstfipiK , 'Ey 

and defigned the Ground of the City of Alex an- $*&$■*&* 

dria in Egypt *, his Name was Dinocrates. > mv A^oti 

Several other places very remarkable, rich and ji ( rsIvKofo 

ftately, were dedicated to the Heathens Gods,the PmUnDt 

Temnle of Athens to Minerva, and another in S* , 


Temple of Athens to Minerva, and another in ^ g 
the fame City to Mars , where the Judges did I7 
meet to examin Caufes of Life and Death. 

The Capitol in Rome , confecrated to Jupiter Im- 
perator , upon Mount Tarpeia, was a famous E- 
difice, the richeft and the moft noted in all Italy : 

It was beautified with the Statues and Images of 
all the Gods, with the Crowns of Victory, and 


p • 


with the Spoils of the Nations 


onquered by 


the Romans 


It was feated in that moft eminent 


place of the City by Tarquinitu Prifcus and 
Services Tullius , Two Kings of Rome, and after¬ 
wards mightily enlarged by the following Genera¬ 
tions.- The Temples alfo of Neptune , Titl can, Sa¬ 
turn, Mars , tAtfculapius, Hercules, V eft a, and that 
of Janus, are noted by the Authors to have been 

brave Structures, worthy of the Roman Gran- 


T 


deur 




2 po 

There were 


©f tfje honours pain 


Book III 


dcur ■. as alfo the Pantheon confecrated 


Tpmn!« — 7 — WAW * wmw* wuiuiduu ivuu LIU 

fn s«*Ses Gods ’ a n d many more which the Poets do fome 


mherchappels times mention. Now there were feveral forts of 
and holy pla- thefe ReligicusHoufes fet apart for thefervice of 


ces dedicated the Gods 

to the Gods. 


Tempi 


from 


plan do, or con* 


rwlwfani- tem P lan ^ fignihes an Edifice dedicated to a God, 

fies the Hea-" where .^ e Image of a Divinity was.to be feen and 
vens,or theAir worfhipped, and which was to be confecrated 
wJierebirds do by the Aumes, with Prayers, in the prefence of 
fly, for the/*t- a u the People. *Aides was an Edifice dedicated 

fheir obfcrva- t0 a God > but n °t confecrated in fuchafolemn 


tions. 

Cal'Rhodlg. 
Vide Cornel. 


F an uni 


People 


Temple 

fan do. 


Tacit, lib. 4. pi eat hen God 

SljilYt iiUllDti • 1 ■ 


1 

undo, to fpeak, be;caufe there the 
inftru&ed in the Myfteries of the 

5, or becaufe their Oracles were 


vtl tfa'i Tem- g" lvei b an d the God was made 
plum: is to a P . crafty PrieHs. 

point a place Delubrum , fi/;nifies fometimes the Place where 


fpeak by the 


build 


Church,which r* • 

was tione by j^fflctimt 

the Augur es. Divinity 


the Image or Statue of 


the God did ftand, and 


the Augares. 

In augur are 
templum, to 
eonfecrate a 
Temple, or 
begin to offer 


Temple dedicated to more than or 
v&dicula, is a diminutive of %/Edes. 


Holy Houf ; fome think it to be a little Enclofure, 
where the Image of aGod was to be worfhipped, 
open on the top. 

Thefe were the Names of the Places where 

Sacrifices in it. the Heathens did pay their Devotions to their 


*Itis called 

tt h now m- ^ vera ^ ot ^ er corners and parts of holy Houfes that 

ken for a Vs- vve niu ^ not °mit; as Sacrarimn , which is the 


falfe Gods 


But Befides thefe Names, there 




an Entry. 


holieft place of the Church, or that where every 
one had not liberty to come, as we may fee 
in Cicero pro Milone •, which place if you com¬ 
pare with that of Claudian , lib . 1. de 7{aptH 


Prof. 

appear 


Adytis gavifa Cybele profit 


that Ad\ 


lybele profiliit , it will 
and Sacrarium is the 


fame in thefe places. J Donat 


the pi 


where 


. . w — - 





4 


* » 




Ch 


to tiff Gods 


where the Gifts offered to the Divinities were 


* 

2 

xAXim. 



I. 

it 

Ik 


placed 


called 


Greek dvdSw* Lum 


is a 


Grove, planted fo thick with Trees near fome p 0 yticM 9 or 
Temples, that it appeared very dark : There the p maon, was 
Heathens were wont to worihip their Gods, which the Porch. 


Altar, 


Alt are quafi 


\ 


the Ifraehtes imitated. Ara was a little Altar, Alt ^ r ; qua p f 
upon which the Beaftswere burned to their mte- aita Art^tht 
riour Gods. Alt are was the higher Altars, dedi- Altar, 
cated to the fuperiour.They were built of Stone, 
and confecrated to a certain Divinity, by a form 

of words oft-times engraven upon it. But when 

they had not the conveniency of Altars,in a necef- sun. bet . lib. 7 


fity upon 


fudden, they cut Turf, and raifed 


num. 747 


from the ground to offer their Sacrifices upon it, 
as Sil. It ah witneffeth. 


Cejp 


de viridi furgunt proper anti tu Ara 


ScrobicuUts was a round Pit,having in the middle 
a little altar, about which the blobd of the Sa¬ 
crifices ran. * Foots is a domeftick Altar, confecra- ^ 
ted to domeftick Gods,or a Chimney. Thoha was ig J m 
a place in the middle,or on the top of the Tem- a ris t 


Afovendo 


Fro 




pies, where the Souldiersdid hang up their Arms:, pugnare , to 
and dedicate their Spoils,and where the Pi&ures hgta G °* 
were placed,as may appear by this expreffion of “ J** 

Statmt , Figamque jttperbts arma 1 holts. d(r7riJk fi r ptnm 


btatitu, r igamque jupervts arma 1 nous. dentJk fifpe* 

Now thefe Edifices dedicated to the Honour of dtrt clyptum ,. 

the Gods, were not all of the fame Fabrick*, fome to live ia 
were built with open Roofs in the middle, others ^ 

were (hut as our Churches. The Perfians had none tri 

for their God Mithra , who is the Sun j therefore m pbo pitta 
he was worfhipped in a Grove. Barbarki 


And the firlt Generations of Men had neither 


jL ULIW UliU VJVUV4UW1WUJ V* 414 .WW *—10. 

Temples nor Statues for their other Gods, but 


did worihip towards Heaven 


the open Air 


Socrates was therefore accufed to adore the 


T 


Clouds 














292 


* * 


©f t&e tJonautfi pain Book hi 

Clouds,becaufe he thought it diflionour to an In¬ 
finite Being, fuch as it becomes Man to adore, t< 
be Ihut within the narrow limits of a Xemple,oi 
to be reprefented by a vile Image. And when 




Idolatry 


increafed 


higheft perfe&ion 


fome Divinities were worlhipped without Tem- 
pies, or in fuch as were open on the top, that the 
Sw Of Worlhippers might have a dear conveyance of 
the Philofo- thetr requefts and groans,to the place where they 

pher,iW9g r " r ' .“ 


were fuppofed to dwell 


We fhall find this di 


QtMJbixfiv' ftin&ion that the Altars and Temples were con- 
vkizmlnu'" fe , crated i° CeleftiaI G °ds,and to thofe that were 

Virpbnm. ' ad) 5 Itl: ®d amongft them; the Foci, or Chimneys, 

to Earthly, or Penates y and the Caves, Dens, and 
low Huts,to Infernal Gods,and to the Nymphs & 


Field Divinities, as Homer takes notice y Odyff. 

Avy oOi I ctVTiif, avTgyv \erngfltv nsfon/tf 


•% 

>• 


l&v vv^tpdav 


N«i'ctc/W KdhWTeu 


lib 


cap 


And it is remarkable, that the Heathens, were 
wont to curie their Gods when they received any 
overthrow, and blels them at any fignal delive¬ 
rance. Befides they did often bind them with 


f H ran. 


Chains, when they were befieged by any Enemy 
who worlhipped the fame Divinity, for fear that 
the God fhoulcl be perfwaded by their Prayers 
and Promifes to deiert them in their need, and 

afiift the Befiegers.Therefore the Satyr perfwades 

Youths, C Patiemur fiatuarum ritu pannos & vin^ 


cula. This wifdom is praddfed in Spain amongft 

the Papifts, they often bind the Images of their 

Saints with Cords, when they receive not the fa¬ 
vours which they pray for andexpedt. 

Unto thefe Statues of the Gods, Criminals did 
flye, when purfued by an Enemy, and it was 
dtcemed an impiety to offer an injury to thofe 

that 


- A 












« 


Ch. ? 


to tt»e Deat&ert Gods 


s , m 

dlat did embrace the feet of fuch a Statue becaufe Dlvim m- 
they fuppofed that fuch a perfon was received in- ig* 

to the protedion of the Divinity. virgin.!. 2. 

The Heathens did adore their Idols with heads TUu yelp a 
covered, Handing, kneeling, or proftrate to the ro^T/^fow- 
ground, they kiffedthem by prefling their lips Lucia* 

with their hands, and calling them up to them 

they prayed with hands lifted up, turned towards To j n f er- 

the Eaft. I Up ad fur gent etn converfi lamina Sokm r D al Gods they 


the Eaft. 7 Up ad fUrge 
AHt fruges manibus Jalfas 



did pray with 
hands down¬ 
ward. 


-CHAP. III. 


Tf 


Of the Sacrifices offered to Idol Gods. 

0 

T He Devils, fworn Enemies of God, and of 

his Glory, were not fatisfied with the OfFe* 
rings of the Fruits of the Earth and of all manner 
of Creatures, that were commonly facrificed to 
them \ but they were fo barbarous, as to require 
alfo humane Victims,Men and Women to be but-? 

r 

chered and burnt alive upon their Altars* 

Virgil informs us, how %/Eneas chofe eight 
young Gallants out of the Prifoners he took of, 
the Enemy, to facrifice them to the Gods of Hell 
for the fake of Valias deceafed. This cuftom hath 

I • ^ ^ ^ 

been in ufe alfo amongft the Romans y as well as Os : 

ther Nations of the World. The Parents did fomie- 
times dedicate their young Infants to Houfhold 
Gods,for the good of the reft of the Family. The 
Scythians who inhabited about that part that is 
named Tauric a, did facrifice to their puma. all' 

Strangers, whofe unhappinefs it was to fall into, 
their hands, as we have feen in the Stftry of 


Oreftes and Iphigenia. 


Bacchus alfo had an Altar 

T 3 in 




©f t fjc honours paiD 


Book III 


in Arcadia , upon which a great many young 
Damfels were beaten to death with bundles of 
Rods. This Was alfopra&ifed byth $ Lacede¬ 
monians, who fcourged their Children in honour 


Of Mercury 


The Germans ; 


and the Cimbri 


w 

• + 


facrificed alfo Men, after they Had cruelly tor¬ 
mented them. Some of the Heathens chofe 
the Aged, to call them into a River to pleafe 

their Gods, and to free themfelves from the 

trouble of their Companies, efpecialjy when they 
grew decrepit and ufelefs, therefore they weire 

called Senes , depontani. The People of the molt 

Northern Climates, did drefsfor them a Feaft, 
where they made merry with their Friends, and 
then they crown’d them with Garlands, and caft 
them down from the top of a high Rock into 

the,Sea. C&far in his Commentaries 

ancient Gads, who did trim up a great Statue 
made of branches oTOzier, and then filled It 


l 


with Men 


Idols 


burn them together to their 


Alexander ah Alexandro makes mention of 


Ariftopbanes , who in a Sacrifice caufed 399 Men 
to be 11 a in in honour of his G.od. Many of them 

did .offer their own Children, which was an or- 
dinary • pradice among ft the Egyptians , and 


* r ^ 

dinary-pradice among ft the Egyptians , and 
the ' People of patefljne. The Holy Scripture 
doth reproach if to the Ifraelites , who were fo 
vile, as to imitate thefe abominable inhumanities; 


incaufing theirChildren to pafs between two fires 
fo often, till they were miferably fcorched. They 
alfo lhut them up in a hollow Idol of Brafs called 
Moloch , which was red hot *, and whilft thefe 
innocent Vidims were confuming in this man¬ 
lier,. they founded Trumpets j and beat Drums, 
•and other Inftrumerits, that the People might not 
hear the complaints and outcries of thefe poor 

. • creatures; 


Ch. 3 


to the Gods 


tures 


therefore this place was called Tofh 


that is 


Dru 


Achaz* and Manaffes, Kings of 


\ • 






-I'M 


i 


■ 

i 




Judea, were fo wretched, asto caule their Chil¬ 
dren to pafs through this Fire : From hence we 


Jude, 


may fee 


excefs of impiety and wicked 


nefs they were arrived by the Devils perfwa 


fions 


The Sacrifices that were offered for the 


deceafed 


were no. lefs inhumane 


for many 


Nations obferved this coftom at the Funerals of 


Perfons of Quality 


kill and burn with them 


fuch as had been acceptable to them in their 


and fuch as were judged abl 


do them fervice 


the other World. Some did take in War as ma 


ny Prifoners 


this time, as Virgil tells 


they could, to facrifice them 


and Homer 


how Achilles butcher’d twelve Trojans to Tatro 


clue his dear friend 


Alfo that famous Gladiator 


Spartacus , who was foinduftrious and daring 


raife an Army of Slaves in Italy, and 


march 


againft the People of Rome, forced 300 of his 


PrifonerS of War to kill themfelves in honourof 


his Captains ilain 


the Fight, to procure 


them the favour of the infernal Gods. This cruel 


Ceremony became fo ordinary amongft the Ro 


that fcarce any of the Chieftains of the 


Commonwealth, or of the Emperours, did dye, 
but feveral thoufands of Gladiators followed 


them 


*9f 


>f « T 

r j "}■ 


i 


Now there were feveral kinds of Sacrifices Others went 


amongft the Heathens 


When they were made 


for the increafe of the fruits of the Earth, which m ed Amburb»~ 


was done after that they had led the Victim round les bop. 


about the Fields, the Sacrifices were named Am 


bervalia , or zsfmbcrvales hoft 


Sometimes they 


offered 


hundred Beafts at a time, as a hundred 


Oxen,and this was called Htcatomb.XVz fhall 


T 4 


infift 


I 


















19 & 


r 

©f t&e Oonourti paft 




Book III. 


infift upon the different kind of Offerings, but 
proceed to the principal Ceremonies that were 

commonly obferved. 


Firft, a choice was made of Animals, according 
to the difpofitions of the Gods unto whom the Sa¬ 


crifice was to be offered 


For Mars loved 


Creatures, but only fuch as were furious and war 
like ; as the Bull, which was not lawful to be fa 


crificed to Jup 
and the Bull. 


er. Ncptunut affe&ed the Horfe 
The Hee-Goat was offered to 


Bacchus, becaufe it is a Creature that fpoils the 
Vineyards. The Cows were killed in honour of 
Ceres , and of June. The She-Goats were offered 
to Diana, and the young Kids to Fannus, &c. 


They were 


be very careful to fee that the 


Vi&ims had no blemifh nor fpot, therefore it was 


* Then it was t0 P afs throu £ h 


Ceremony called Luftration 


efteemed ixi- 
min viftima 


This was alfo praclifed with them who were 


prefent at the Sacrifices 


If they had any natural 


S. €. perfifla in- default, the Herald gave them notice, by crying, 


I'uil’Hl Tl. Prmt ! e fi‘ Trot 11 


tula. Srat. 1 .3. 
* Vocabantur 


Afterwards the Prieft did take 


Corn 


bruifed with Water and Sa 


F t 


of burnt 
■ named 


(AifAty’ * Sal fa frames, or mol a falfa, or libum adore am 


fttpi ?. 

y'alibui oYan- 


or pium far : Sometimes he took Meal min¬ 
gled with Salt, to call it upon the Vidtim $ 
for without this, no lawful Sacrifice could be per¬ 
formed. 

At laftj when the Beall was kilfd, it was 


f led Salt 
ramq, twin- Without thl 

ttm.v\ig. 4. formed. 

/Eneid* Af 1 n(\r~ \x7l1 


nravThniS ^ upon the Fire, wbilft thofe that did offer 


crav’d holding Uiv jl wumt umt uiu vau 11 

the ports of the were to hold their hands upon it, and pray with 
Door or the the Prielt, afterwards Wine was poured into the 
Tabic, which pj re> jf it was an Holocaufte all was consumed 

^ r m°fhp C p^ £ h e Flames, otherwife a part of the Bead was 
mtSt ’ laid afide for the Priefts, and the other for them 




that did give 


f * 


i 




- . 


* J 


After 


i * 








- t r 




Ch- 3 


to the guatben Gods 


*97 


A 


After this, they danced round about the Altar, 
fmeing Hymns and Songs in honour of the God ; 

unto whom the Sacrifice was madeJn thefe Hymns 
were three Stanza’s or Parts •• The firft, called 
Strophe, was fung in turning from Eaft to Weft *, 
the other ,name&Antiftrophe,in returning from the 
Weft to the Eaft-, then they ftood before the Al- 
tar and fung the Epode, which was the laft part of 
the Song. All this while it concerned the Pneft u ngU if que < 

to be wonderfully intent about his bufinefs.The vS i Q . Ovid 
Herald was wont to forewarn him by thefe words, Met. lib. 


to be wonderfully intent about his bufinefs.The 

Herald was wont to forewarn him by thefe words, 


Ageyuod agisj as uc uiuluc tes f tn i era ft 

ning, by telling them favetelmguu *, thereby he ventU f aeriSm 

fienified unto them, how every one was to hold p r opert« I. ^ 

4 U w __ .1 1 • J_,.j_ _ I ^ ^ i.U n / 


he did the People' in the begin- 


nmg, 


his peace. 

’EvpnfjLziTe, 


In Green ,they did proclaim the word Elcg, 
:o advife the Affiftants not to utter 


4 


any thing that was undecent or unproper to the 
bnfmefs in hand .Both Prieqj and People were ve¬ 
ry attentive and mindful of their duty, as may ap¬ 
pear by that memorable palfage of Vd Max. 
who relates the Story of a Prieft, that fuffered the 
fkfh< of his Arm to be confumed by a burning 
coal,rather thanto interrupt the Sacrifice with any 
other action, not relating to it. 


>t relating to it. 
Additional Note 


There was a great difference in the order and 


manner of the ancient Sacrifices 


The chief was 


between the Honours offered to the fuperioui 
Gods and between thofe that were paid to the In 
fernal, the Maritime and Terreftriai Gods. 


Firft, the flip 


Dionyf. lib. \ 


Gods did require high 


Altars in eminent places, and their Temples 
were to be built upon fuch high ground, that 

they might without any impediment receive the 

firft Rays of the SunsRifing upon our Horizon. 

The Prieft was to appear in a Purple or White 

Gown, 






i 


! 






J 


■ ,1 


•V 


f 


p8 








?>Otta«CiEf paiD 


Book JIT 


* Therefore 
they were rc 
proved by 0 


Gown, and before he approached the Altar,he was 

to walh his hands in pure water.*The Heathens 

fancied that this walhing did cleanfe at the fame 


i >id. Ah nimi - time the Soul from its defaults, and render 


umfacilss 


ptable to the Gods.He did then lead the Victim 


Mijlia crimim to the Altar, with Garlands and Ribons upon hi» 

nllipoffeMt- ovvnand the Beafts head,‘followed by a crowd of 
tis aqua.. I. 2. people who were alfo adorn’d about their heads 
Faft. with fiich crowns as were moftpleafing to theCiod, 


rh&Jw 1 k V and the Prieft d * d cye r0UDd at) ° u£ the''Altar a new, 

rowld'from wollen thread, named vitta laneq, or laneus orbul 
the Jews and The Purveyor of Wood had acare to provide fuch 
riiofi of thfcir as was acceptable to the Divinity. 1 hey were tp 

Ceremonies, walhthe Victims all over, and to purihe the Vefielf 

w ‘ th Onyons,Water,Brimfton.e,& an Egg.lt was 


of Tntopl 


Galt. 

Pocui: luftra 
bant fulphure, 
ly aqua pur a 
& aliquandi 

cm o it) (y 

pifct. 


the cuftom,when Sacrifices were to be offered to 


Jwttr, 


PracidanU • hojl 


offer fome preparatory thin as, called 


the Dxmones 


A kb; <P A- 

1pSOePui OTTO- 

yvfjuuvzfy 

tzvayiv. Hom. 


that they might intercede and convey, the Prayers 
fafe up into the prefence of God: If they did not 
feem happy by fome unlucky fign that did appear 
they did then offer-others*,which werecalled Sue - 


cidania ho ft 


to force the Divinities by thefe 


repeated Devotions to favour them with their, 


Jl. I. mm. 7 ’ bleflings. The Vidim that wasprefented 

3 ^ • I A « « A « ^ 


12 


remain 


the Altar 


little fp 


of time 


Caf. Sil 

lib. 

From h 
comes ‘i. 


during which .thePrieft offered a fet form ofPrayer 

Jul. to Janus and V'efta> then he marked the Be aft with 
ui. Ills knife from Head to Tail, and if it appear’d 


unruly, and unwilling 


Hay-there longer, they 


comes JtfiMoU- ima S in d that God would have none of .it, there- 
tid) a Sacrifi- fore they did fetch another. After thefe, & other 
cing. frivolous Ceremonies, the Prieft laid upon his 

This cuflom is Head and Back his molafalfa mingled with Fran- 

iikrt to caffe kmcenfe, and did himfelf tafte of a Cup of Wine, 
/ J ' caufing the Affiftancs to do the like.The remainder 

he 




- . . t. * _* 





Ch. 3 


to tlje ^>eae^en Gods 


t 


IP 

Hat M 


he poured between the Horns of the Beafttaking - 

from that place a few hairs, which he caftmt c was nam€< j 

fire and this was called Prima Uoamina. 1 ne P Suitor. 

Prieft then commanded an Officer to kill the Beaft, Non tbura de- 

which he did by fttiking him down,or ( faJuiq** 

his throat .T he A ffi fta n ts diu then help to flea him, Sen Thye ft. 
light the wood,& do other inferiour offices, while aft 
he Prieft or Soothfayer with a long knife turn d Wine was un- 

theBowels up and down to obferve them better ^ ojf 

to tell,his judgment, for it was not awful to touch c<w; j /4WWf . 
the Bowels with the hands.They then,Q$ered the j .ej/fieulaft, • 
Entrails to the God upon a Lance, and to the Sea rtddtre txta , 

DiSries Sey did ca P ft them in the or ff= 

* After this the Prieft, caft fome Frankincenfe in a ai on . 


the Fire with Wine 




nd took a part of every *y 0 cabatur 


Member, which bis Minifters had cut out into a 

Platter, called Difcm or Lanx, to caft into the M ;iu F,bus 

/ • * ■ - — 


Flames. This adion was named Lit are, to appeafe tram ac fata 


Whilft this was bur- infpieit 


or fatisfie with Sacrifices. Whilft this was bur- ’Xlk*<s 
nine, thePrieft and the Perfon that gave the V - v if ct nm vtitu 
<aim, did joyntly make their Prayers to the God nout.Sm. in 
with their hands upon the Altar. Afterwards they Thy#.aftj. 

went afide with the Affiftants to feaft upon the D| 29 f™, 

•v 0 “ 


went alide witn tne auuijuj ^/^ x ; u 7d^;?pc carnaff. IiN 7 - 
'remaining part of the Beafts fi n S in S ^ t)A ver. Antiq. 
of their God. After the Banquet, they return d to AMlgim ; M vl . 

the Altar, and caft into the flames the morfelsof wtowr. 

meat that were left,with the tongue& fome wine. ^ 

& then return’d thanks to theGod for the honour m ,J t ^ t4 . 
and advantage of fiiatingvvith him m the Victim »,« piJlitt- 
offered to him. The folemnity was concludedat «, Waw^; 
Rome with Prayers to Janus end Vejla-, the Gods g; 


whofe protedion the Empire 


chiefly 


recommended 


* # 


lib. 8. 
Stuckius de 
Sacru. ' ■ 


• * 


They offered Sacrifices alfo to their deccafed Friends, a barren Cow m\ 
killed j blood with wipe was poured forth. 


Thefe 









I 




I 


■Ijl 

% 


i! 


■ii 

h 

f 5 ♦ 


|2; 

/ji 

V-' 

'Ll! 


?! 

:i;i 


f 

r£\ 


u 

4 • 1 
*!! 

I 

?! 
: J 

A’i 


3 


♦ « 

©f t&e fanouts pafD 


Book III 


The hare ofthe Thefe Sacrifices wereperformed in this manner, 

anToffered in honour t0 . the SuperioutGods,unto whom they 
untothem,^. prayed ftanding,as they did to theJnfernal fitting. 


mah com, ^ * The Gods of the Air required fome alteration 

in their Sacrifices*, for the Heathens adored them 
with Mufical Inftruments and Melodious Songs* 
/ more than the former. The Maritime Gods were 

mcidftlTm- wor ^dpped near the Sea,and the blood ofthe Vi- 
gicos ho ft i a pul- r^ nl was referved in a Platter, to be poured forth 


glCOS hoftiaptil- ill a. x tauvi, tv* lUXUl 

u dm .Tribul, into the lalt water, which was not pra&ifed in the 
1.1. Eleg. a. OfFeringsjtf funeriour Gods. Unto Infernal Di- 


1.1. Elcg. 2. Offeringsjf fuperiour Gods. Unto Infernal Di¬ 
vinities, Sacrifices were performed in the night; 

Et nigra vtftes their Beafts were black, and they were offered to 

Ugunt Ovid™ themin fome Gave or dark place, unlefsitwereto 

'torque novas T//^o,whofeSacrifices did differ from the Celeftia! 
eirem filix only in this,that in ftead ofWine they poured Oyl 
eat fajita fru* in the Fire, and the Prieft was cloathed in black \ 

Georg. Ln w ^ ere . as certain, that in the Sacrifices ofthe 
mfntro Dens Superiour Gods, the Priefts appeared always in 


novas 


circumfelix 

tat fajiia fr 

ges. Virg. 
Georg. 1. r. 

Mfntro Dens 


impart gaudtt. white 


rej<pw tyx# 

&C, 


Ovid tells us lib. i . Amor .Elcg. 13. and 


A polio 


Horace /. 2. Satyr. 2. Virgil takes notice and fo 
do many ofthe Greek Poets that the Gods deligh¬ 
ted in the number Three^ therefore they did three 
times drink in honour of their Gods, and walked 
round the Altar thrice. 

Unto the Nymphs and Divinities of the Fields, 
the Heathens ufually offered Milk, Honey, and 
fweet Wine in their Sacrifices: And to the Male 
Gods they ufually killed Male Beafts, and the Fe- 


nmb, 859. males to the Goddeffes 


^ufudjUetor 




TrAircu 


Thefe are the Veffeis ufed in the Sacrifices,and 
the proper names that are found in Authors for 
things with wfiich we are not acquainted. 
Thttribnlum was a long Pot like unto a Pitcher 

in which Fnmkincenfe was burned. 

* 

Fr&fericiiUim, aV effel of Brafs not much ur iike 


theformer 


Sym 


i' 






r.i* i *^1 i 




-N 




: -T. -r.. 




* J 




Gh, 4 


to tfie (i>eat&«n Gods. 


SymPulum, was a little Cup, out of which they 

did drink in the Sacrifices. 

Copts and Cap ala, was a Cup with Ears. 

Candelabrum-) a Candleftick. 

Patera, an open Dilb or Platter. 

Seceftita, wa? a largecbopping knife witha long 
handle, to cut off the heads of the Beafts. 

Dolabra , was another cutttinglnftrument. 

Enclabria, were Veffeis of Brafs put upon the 
Tables of the Gods. 

Afterforium, a Veffel with fmall holes to fprin- 

klethe Holy-water. G . * 

Aquimimrium , or Amnia , a Veffel proper to 

keep Holy-water. 


. JOI 

The dimiau 

tive of Aw 

♦ 

Karrfdti. 


Vocaticr G rad 

M &%atdSiw 

&VTIKQK 

TliMKvr.. 


petf] 



V 


the Gods, to 
more ftately 


CHAP. IV. 

9 

Of the Priefts to the fal/e Gods . 

rpHe Heathens had always Priefts, that is 

X certain Perfons dedicated to the fervice of 

the Gods, to render their Sacrifices and Religion 
more ftately : Thefe had the ov&rfight of the 
things offered to their Gods,and the care to keep 

the Holy Veffeis and Inftruments. 

The Curetes,otCorybantes, who were alfo called 
the Gauls of Phrygia , were the Priefts of Cybele, 

as we have faid in the fecond chapter of Book I. 
Vefta had her Vefta Virgins eftablifhed at Rome 
by Numa Pompilint , who gave unto tkem their 
manner of living, their Laws, and commandei 

them to keep always burning a Fire, dedicated 


this Goddefs 


For as Florns takes notice 


he appointed this Holy Fire to keep a continual 

Watch and Guard for thefafety and defence of 


4 


* t 



502 


©f t&e tpuiiouriEi path 


Book Hi 


the Empire,as God had the Stars,that (hlne in the 

Firmament, for the good of the World. 

They ran ua- There was another fort of Priefts called Lttper- 
ked about the talcs, inftituted by Evander , in honour ofP*» • 

ftrccts, and and Romulus c\\ok the Children of Accst Lauren' 
didftrive to ” t0 °^ er Sacrifices for the happy increafe of 


touch them, the Fruits of the Earth:Unto them therefore, and 
fancying a their SuccefTors, named Fratres Arva\es, the 
blow from People did make their addreffes on fuch occafions. 

render them Nttma Vomplim eftablilhed in Rome many forts of 


ft VUWIH 

fruitful. See Priefts 


give 


fplendour ailid credit 


Jmtn. Sat. 2 , Religion,and theWorffiipoftheGods,ThePriefts 

They werena- of Mars were the Sain, becaufe they performed 
mcd .? - t ^ ie ^ r Devotions always in skipping. They were 
rm^ndGer- intrufted with that little Buckler named Ancilc, 

man) by cictro which was fent from Heaven as 3 Token, to con- 
Andle velan - firm unto the Romans the Empire of the World. 

faliarts "were Whilffc that was fafe, the Commonwealth 
certain Maids was t0 fu ^ er n0 harm, but to continue in pro- 


fatiarts "were Whilffc that was fafe, the Commonwealth 
certain Maids was t0 fu ^ er n0 harm, but to continue in pro- 

appoiuced to fperity. 

dance with Not to trouble the Reader with all the diftin- 
thefe Priefts. ftj 0 n anc j feveral kinds of Priefts, we muft take 

notice, that the Kings did exercife the Office of 
Prieft, that it might appear more honourable jand 
in the Sacrifices there was an adion proper for 
them to perform.ThereforeiVw#* fearing that in 
procefs of time,the Kings might come to negled 
cruhantura it,by reafonofthe weighty Affairs of War, that 


Crtikantur a 
populo Comitii 
curiatis. A. 
Gel. lib. i s. 

«p. 2 7. 


might otherwife 


ploy them; he eftabliffied 


every God one to fupply the Kings place, named 
Flamen or Filamen fiom a woilen thread that was 
ufually tyed about their Temples. 

Thefe FUmins bore the name of their feveral 
Godsuntowhom they wereconfecrated:y#p*>fr’s f 
was called Flamen c Dialis , and the chief of Mars? 
FUmcmJMartialis.&c. 

The 


Ch-4 


to tf)£ l;eatl)£n Gods 


m 


Vh e Flamen of Jupiter was the moft honou¬ 
rable, therefore he was admitted to wear a white 
Hat, with a Purple Gown, called Trabea, which 
was the clothing only of the Gods, Kings, and 
Augures, or Soothfayers, in performing their 
Office. 




performing their 


When Kings were banifiied out of Rome, one 
of the Prieftly Order had the name of King 
whilft he was doing his Fundion, that the People 

might not fancy that there was fomething wan¬ 
ting amongft them in the worffiip of their Gods, 

therefore they did acknowledge aRoyalty in their 

Sacrifices, but none in the Government of the 
Commonwealth. c , , 

In Romi Priefts were eftabliihed, not only to 
ferve in the Temples, and at the Altars: Some of f cnc to p ro _ 
them were appointed for publick Affairs of State, claim War. 
As the Ferities* who were to affift in Treaties of Dion. My- 


Peace made with foreign Nations 


It was not c JZf: ! lb - 4; 


lawful to conclude any bufinefs of Peace or War 


lib 


until they had pronounced 


juft; 


When the 


War was intended againft any Nation,the chief 
of thefe Priefts called Pater Pratrattu , was fent to 

declare it. And when the Articles of Peace w T ere 

% 

concluded, he appeared before an Altar, with a 
Hog at his Feet,which he knock’d down, defiring 
the Gods, that thofe who did break the Treaty 
by an Ad of hoftility might periffi miferably, 

as that Hog. 

There were alfo in Rome feveral forts of 

Soothfayers, whofe Office was to foretell things 
to come, and to enquire into the Will of the 


Gods, when 
confutation 


any bufinefs of importance was 
> Some of them named HarujfU 


drew their conjedures from the fight of the 


Entrails of the Vidims offered 


the Gods. 

The 


3°4 


S>t t&e^towpftjD 


Book III. 


'OmUMmi> The Augum did prophelie by the flying and 

motion o£Birds,in this manner.. The Soothfeyer 
afcended upon fome eminent place, with the Au¬ 
gural Robe upon his back, god in . his hand a 
crooked ftaffcalled Litum, withwliich he limited 

Ciciro. u 2. df a certain fpaee in the Ait, flamed Templum •, the 

mvinat. Birds t h at fl ew w ithin tht$ fpa<& intimated the 

things defired,and they were calto i?Pr*petes : but 
Aul. Gell< 6 > l> the other Birds that were confukMwhen they did 


Ci6* 


4 ' 


Herat. L 3. 


fing, were named 0[cities, ^ v ? •: 

The Romans 616. efteem the left band unfortu- 
nate, when therefore the AugOres did perceive the 

Birds flye on this hand, they hac^no favourable 
efteem of the bufinefs about, which Ithey con¬ 
futed. ikpr. ' 

Teque nunc Uvus vet at iu picuS. . 


Countries. 


. Thefe were the Birds commonly obferved by 
Bird that Soothfayers, the Crow, the Raarfri, the JMag-Pie, 
hunts after Vulture, the Eagle, the^Stotfeythe Cock,the 

tries 6 0t Pig e0n > the Swan, the Ovfl, the Sparrow, the 


the hot 


ovld.u. n , the Scritch Owl, and the * Bee-Rater 

J ^ /• __ 9 ff f . « f - — « 


Sutton. 1. 2 , 

7 . Liv. 1. 2 . 

Senec. 1. 8 , 

Th d-d.fj.ii 

Xdx.l?v£cu W- 
’Hvxl^ovjo K 


Infau&us bubo dirum mortaltbu6 omen. 


The Eagle 


and the Pigeons were always efteemed foretellers 
ofhappyfuccelFes. •. v . • ; ,r 


\AK^vteu W- it belonged alfo to the Offideiofthe Augures 
iml&flo ko- to judge of ailunufual accidents, and to interpret 
fdvcu TdcovTic the Will of the Gods intended by thdm, as Thun- 
fMosiyoi ava ders, Fires, Flames, Monfters,. Voices, Inunda- 

tions, Prodigies, &c. * . * 

*Kftuhvwn- it was alia the Cuftom cf the Romani, to Di- 

fiis n ttremr § vine by little Chickens, while they were fee- 

a? oil. ding *, if they greedily devoured their meat in fuch 
argonaut, i. 3, a manI1 er, that a part of it did fall again to the 


Km* 9 29. 


addi 


cere [dries. ( 

Mec, 1 . 15 , 


ground, they.efteemed it a moft happy fign. This 
was called Terripavium , or Tripndium folifiimum , 

becaufe when the meat fell back again, it did ftrike 

* the 




< 'c -1 iTVn - -•r^ti^rr-J-i-rfT-'^ni-lfhYi^-r . 'rtitfhiilfritfl 



C /). 4 


to tbe Deatijfit g ods 


3 °? 

vq 


the ground: If thefe Pullets did eat nothing,or but * * / 

flowly, they interpreted it for a dangerous fign. Bonis ayibus 


This 'is that Which caufed the -.Roman Annie* 

march or ftay,8c governed the Empire •, for it was qu £ t0 UBdcr _ 

not lawful to refolve upon any bufinefs of imppr- take any thing 


tance 


thefe Oracles had been confultecL 


UUWAl WUVAV — 

But NUma pwtpilitu eftablifhed above all thefe 


Orders of Pfiefts, a Society, uj. v* uigm, ^ ^- v - 

Pontifs,with a Chief-, who was fupreme. HisOffice wutarcb. 

was to regulate all Ceremonies that did belong to 
the Worlhip of the Gods: He bad in his cufto- 


with a happy 
or unfortunate 
Omen. Prov, 


College of Eight 2. 


Ihe was 


dy the Books of * SybillaCumana \ Ihe was 0 

of thofe Virgins, who fhewed an innocent life 
the midft of the corruption of the Heathens. Tb 


being 


lrgms, wno inewea an innocent me in 

f the corruption of the Heathens. They 
nfpired from Heaven, foretold many 


* Named A* 
mltbea . 


of thofe things, that relate unto Jefus Chrift,and 
the chief Myfteries of his Life. But the Hea¬ 
thens didlhut their Eyes to thefe Truths; fo that 
they never came to underftand thefe Predictions 
till the Preaching of the Apoftles, when they left 
Idolatry. 

In this Difcourfe of the Prieftly Orders, we have 
only mentioned thofe that are proper to the Ro¬ 
mans, and that were in greateft credit. Amonglt 
the Greeks , and other Nations of the World, 
there were fome that did the fame Offices. Diodo* 
rus Siculus , Julius Cafar in his Commentaries, Stra¬ 
bo, Berofus, and others, do mention fufficiently the 
Druids , who had aninfpe&ion into all that related 
to the Worlhip ‘of the Gods amongft the Gauls. 
They werefo cruel,that they ordinarily murder¬ 
ed Men upon the Altars of their Gods. At the end 
of the year, their cuftom was to go with great 
reverence,and gather branches and leaves of Qak, 


pie 


make a Prefent to Jupiter , inviting all the P 


the Ceremony by thefe words, which 


V 


they 


• .■ 
11 






: : ' 

—it?- r 


' t-\w 












they caus’d to 

LKf; ntoi.it 


^ A " « * V ^ *4 * ^ i ^ . ... 


Book in. 


i 


« m 


1 V i: 


f - * 




C/.» w' 


* i-A 




f - 


r ' /' . • •' 


wr. 


1 


5 


* 4 


r r. 


• m + 


« 


»K # 


-A 


•< 


% * v 




ii: 


- 3 • * • 


% * 


/ * » 


y 


•* 


' T* • '- 

?..* i' t-t i -„• 


r v 


f *%-• 


• * 
* I . 




1 ~ • 


< 


* ./* 




caus’d 


{ * 


_ y _ ..W^lg;.not,e. s _,. : ....._ 

qualified to manage the'Aff airs of St'ate. In their 

‘ ■ i*. a rr*_. •: * * Ai .* . ? sf?* dr .-*■% /**• •» 


General Affemblies', 


a 


• * 


:s 




w t 


cs to 


.• ^ 


J1 


t 


cruelty/natu: 


idrc diligent. ' 

* r. i O • * a ■ 

U I y * » t 


l 


tear in 
,to ob- 


not only in the Sacrifices of thcfe Mep,but aifo in 
their Schools ; for it: is reported'of one of their 
Dodtors, named Herophelus, that he taught Ana- 

*i • fir 9 - • ' , i i.> it 1 +**'}/+• ; 1 : «t ? . * 




# * •• 




•n 


fecrets and wonders of Nature in us/ 

Additional Note. 


t. 


/ 


• * 


• > 


* ' * A 


... S 'f 


ed atfeveral times,and by divers perfons.lt’is pro¬ 
bable:, that'^w# the Son of Japhet might efta- 
bUfh'a Religion in Gracia, where he- fixed 0 but" ! 


cannot lmagin, that 2 \oab, unto whom iome do 

attribute the names of Janus-, Sat urn us, Gallus r 
Vertnr,:nas, Oenotrhs, &c. lhould leave his Vine¬ 
yards and Plantations in Afia y to feek others in 
JWvj Unlefs he had been forced out of his Habita- 

wJ * * * m x 

tion by hisSonsywhich is net likely : Therefore as 
Javan fir ft planted in Gracia^ and eftablifhed Re¬ 
ligion there, we muft inlagin,that after the confu- 
5 on 6f "Babel, fbmedid fettle in ItalyfirA appoint 
the Worlhip of the true God; for feveral Writers 

• • ' • affiirer 


J 



to m mmm go as 


r/ 


allure 


that the fit ft Men of the World had 


74 


* t 


Images, Statues, nor any vifible repreferl 

O' r- C * __ i in Ii ron 


adore. In procefs of time, it is likely 


Religion was neglefted in Italy, by Parents,who 

. , , • _ 11 .. chon etPd- 


rather minded their wordly Affairs,than the 


Goncern of their Childrens Souls: W hen the 


Countrey was filled with Inhabitants ,Smarms 


UUUUU^Y ^— ■ . t TS 0^15 

rived out of Crete, and taught the People a Rel( 


x 1V UU VUV v* ;- S^J . - • * O _ 

eion fuitable to the weaknefs of their capacities^ 


the ignorance in which he found ^ them^.JteVQ- 


fterity of Ham that planted in Egypt and 


firft brought in the Corruptions of idolatry,as wfe 

O > B . * _ ^ 4* Tv M /V) _ 


n : n ;; & 


borrowed them from thence,and rccommeh 


CKi/I JUUUWHW - . 

ded them to the Greeks , v. T ho taught them to thfe 


J?aw*»,and fo they fpread by degrees all 


World 


Evtmdtr is Paid to be the firft who efta- «»>»« 


blilhed a Prieftly Order in Italy 


Afterwards 


JEneas, Romulus , and Numa Pompiliu 


did in- 


creafe the number of Religious Men, according to 


the number of the Gods whom they worlhipped 


When Rome was in its Zenith of Glory and Pow 


er 


1 


thefe were the Names and Offices of their 


Priefts 


of which i ffiall not mention the Corybm 


the, Lupercales, the Veftal Nirgins, and thole 


that are named before 


Rot it ii and Pinarii were the Priefts of Hercules , Kojin 


4 


fo named of two old men called Potitins 8c Pinarius , 
who were the firft that entred into the Office 


Titii Sodales were the Priefts of Apollons Pam 


upon Lucan imagins-i they were properly Sooth- incan vhntj 


fayers,who did forstcl from the motion of certain lib 


in fine 


Birds the Events of Time to come, as may appear 


bv Tacit- Annul, lib. i. Others imagin, that they 


were the Priefts of Tatius the King of the Sabins 


who had been Canonized 



Romulus for the 


V 2 


Priefts 











lib. 5 


OHOtttrg pain 


Book III 


Tacit, in Atu 


Priefls of the Emperours deified, were properly 

named Sodales, Augilftalcs, Flavii,&c. ' P J 

There were feveral forts of Flamitu, the chief 
was that of Jupiter called DMs, who had many 
extraordinary Priviledges,'and a great power in 


Salios duode - 
cim Ma rti gra- 
divo Legit dje 


the City 


The next was F lumen Martialis, of Mars , who 

utoowgiiujc. W r C ° °/ tiie Fa ^ily °f the Senators, as 
T. Liv. lib. i, 15 was of a Plebeian Race. Every God ha da 


* The Duam - 


• t 


viri were un¬ 
der the chief 

Prieft aDDoin*. 


FlamerjOi Chief Prieft in procels of time. 

Salii) were the Priefts of Alan ~ their Gover- 
nour was named Magi filer Suitorum. 

Duumviri and Decemviri , were thofe that 

.^ le Books of Sybilla Cum an a. in a 

Cheft ofStone, in the Capitol. When they were 


ted tokeepthe burnt with the Temple, thefe Men 


Books 


e ^’iincreafed to fifteen ^ therefore they 


uHmSUtZ Cal,e ^ Qjunieciiimri. It did belong to their 6®ce 


J } eum Jecretdf 
Carmina fer - 

v*nt, Lucan, 
i. Pilarfal. 

* V icabantuY 


to celebrate the Secular Solemnities 




* 


triumviri £- Sacrifices 


*£pu!ones, were the Overfeers of all'facred 
Banquets, appointed by the Tontifices. 

Cam Hi and Camilla were under-Officers in the 


ptlones. 

Rofin, Anu 

Rom. lib. 3 . 
Vmo I. 6. 


Mditumus 5 cr Rdituus 


is he that kept the 

nr* /v* » • 


Temples, and Keys in his pofleffion. • 

Top*, were the under Officers, who did tyc the 


c*i. Rhodit. Beafts in the Sacrifices 

uatm - ViUimarii. 


They were called alfo 


‘Iraficit, were the Women that were hired 


F'fa and reftillo, was he that did pi 

wax 


weep tor the dead 


the 


peral. 


Taper Patrmui, the Chief of the FecUles, did 
declare the War, by cafting upon the Land of the 

t anc S blood y at die end : Therefore 

Ovid. 1,1,, 6, Fal . • - • 




i .‘ f 
. \ 


t 


Cfc- 4 


to the ©eftthen Gods 


309 


fjinc folet bafla mam belli pranunciay 
In Regem , & G ernes cum placet arnti 

The Colledge of Chief Priefts was 


CApl 


reft 


Their Ponttfex maxima* + the fir ft of their Plutarch 


Order was created by the People,until the time of them y,<pvy 

the Emperours,then this Title was annexed to the 

Chief Magiftracy. When the Emperours became we * re dg f lt in 

Chri ftians,they were called Pontificts maxim until number, after- 
the time of Gratianw y as Zojimus informs us. This wards there 
Order wasnot fubje&toanyMagiftrate,they com- f n 
tnanded. over all Priefts,and appointed the Cere- ^ 
monies belonging to the worfhip of the Gods. 

The Books of the Sybil fo often mentioned ifi 
Authors were Three : She was a Prophetefs, who 
dwelt, in a Cave near Cumes in Italy, far from all 
acquaintance and fociety of Men. When fhe had 


When fhe had 


compdfed 9 Books of the time to come,fhe brought 

them tO Tarqninim Pnficm to be fold,and ask’d a 'politS Yttitdr} 

bout three hundred pounds for them, which he re- SybiUce.]\xvz- 

fufed co give } Ihe burnt three of the Books, and s 

required yet the fame price, but the Ring would wcre writtel „ 
not disburfefo much •, fhe went away and burnt U pon the 
three more, and returned to demand the fame rate leaves ofa 

for her Books; which when the King had well Tree, 

ccnfidered by the advice of his Soothfayers* he 


gave her the money 


all difficult occafions the 


Book were examined by order of the Senate. We 
have yet fomc fragments of this Sybil ,gathered out 

of feveral Writers. 


There are nine or ten Sybils 


They pro 


phejied concerning Chriftfo plainly* that we have 
caufe to fufpeft the Greek)! q rfes, that bear their 

name, tc{ be.y/ritten after our Saviours Death. 

Therehave been Sybilla Per fie a, Lybica mentioned 
by Euripidei, Delphic a Cumana , Erythraa, S amt Ay CA ^ At(ir , 
*Tybwrtinit } Hellejpontica, Phrygia , and Cum*a. 




310 


< 


Vetabo qrd Ct- 

yeris facrum 

vulgarit or- 
cilice^ foe* *' 
Horan L 3, 

. 4 • 

♦ 

« * 


£>f t&£ pliDUrg pQiD Book III 

* 


C H A P. V. 

I 

# 

< 

Of F efHval days, 'that were appointed in 

Honour of the Gods. 

\ « 

I ^ ' * 

1 1 * 1 

• « ... 

^dTe Fefiival Solemnities of Heathens were 
• ■” fuitable to their belief and fancy of the Gods; 
and the Ceremonies which they did ufe were no¬ 
thing elfe,but expreflions of things,proper to the 
Divinity, whofe Feftivals they kept: As we 
have already taken notice, when we ipoke cf Cy 
bele , and of "Bacchus. In the Feffcival of Cc- 
res,. her Worlhippers ran up and down with 
lighted Torches in their hands, bccaufe that fhe 
in this manner ran about the World after her 

Daughter Proferpina , to feek her out. The In¬ 
habitants of Elaifis , in Greece^ appointed this 
Ceremony, that was to be acted only by Women, 
who in the Temple of Ceres committed d thou- 

fandihameful pranks. And bccaufe Ceres did not 

i ueveal her fecrets, nordifcover her defign, until 
' fhe heard of her Daughters welfare, it was not 
lawful to declare,what was acted in her Temple, 
dhring the Feftiyaf We cannot without blufhing 
fp^ak ofthe libet^ithat the Roman Dames took 
in the.Feftivals o Wetm and of Priapm. In fome 
places, on the days confecrated to Pallas Godfeft 
i-TWar, the Damfeis were commanded to meet 
together, and fight one againft another, until 
dome fell dead on the ground. At Rome iff the 
Feftival of the Lupercals, the Priefts ran naked 
about the ftreets with Goat-skins in their hands, 
becaufe heretofore the Romans did happily reco¬ 
ver their Beafts, when they ran in this manner 

after 


1 


i 


after the Thieves who had 
wnilft they were faermemg 
whofe Priefts were named - . . ., r 

place where his Altars were erefted, caUejl,^ 

P erc jb „• ■ __ *fC«v 


an ; 






- 


~v 

Luperctd was 

the place 
where Romu^ 


/s 


“ I * 

F. K ..U. 


The Saturnalia were 


s 


i r~ > » 

- ** * * 


at 'Rome 

F)ecember 


honour of Saturn , m 


1 J v ' 


the 


* - 

were rourifn* 
cA bv a Bitch 


> 




- —* 


l> 1 f 


-gifts to their Friends; ana .M 3 Y.es o»u 

their Matters, and comipif {pany, extravagancy* 
80 The Creek! were shiftily addidkd tothe :pb- 

fervance : df thefeFeftival.days,as the Athene 
in keepingyKeir Fanathejfa^th- at. ^e^e.appPl^ . c 

in honour if Minerva .,, k . J ■■diteAWr 


7 ,' T 1 P •' 
the Athenians 


r 


# : k 
* 


< T*l* * • 


. > r 1 


___ I 1 ; • ; l • ‘• • * •• 

The. 


. i 


■j ‘ 5 ‘: 1 




\ CO 






i v 


> y 




u JJ. a 


* ^ A 


< 


# « 


* ♦ 


D- 


'• *■ t 


4 « ' 


ati Oxe, bearing upon ms 

Warks :M Mm ^ 


and 

'hi 
» * 

-ii m • 


• ¥ * 






i U*' * 




u v 


a 


4 ^ 


t. 




1 ;. • * i ' 


m 


! 


rw 


marks' updn bi^whicfyfau 


3 




< 1 • r * . 

w 4 A *- * J 


AJ 


* y- 


WP r s 

JI v..|> 


i 


l 


v; iU 


^ » 


"IT? 


• 4 


/■ * 


.* ••'V 


* ' r 


•* ^ « 
!* *i V y 

■ t J .* * 4 


Thus,:jper 


TJ. U 


t it 'L d... k < 


. > ' 


■ • 


4 l m . 

f ^ • | / > 

.-tUu '1 >' 


honour.'of 

• i J * # 4 ' ^ 

wrtmn P| 


1 


J 


> 


m 


w 


<. w » 


as. 


Y: '!'" m 7Jill f iv V'' 

. as alfoito 


• V 


i 


SiSivihitiesmtoj 

4ehl w-Sb } were enrolled, arppnj 


1 4 


M # t. 


Mehi "who v/.efe, enroll] 

their, 04F - Theft lai 

Hy an a ^Dntbsofis 


nu 


j 




*./ V 




fe; SL becaufe they were freed from 


e 


^ ■ 


wint of 




K 'i . 


The 



mgs 


< 


% — 


* * 


( 


t ? 




was a 


n, • - 


I * 


bY the' fer In favour of their Empoow* 












312 


®f tfie |)fl(tout0 paiD Book III 


unto whom they paid Djvine Honour? 


The 


manner of it is thus^defcribed by Rofinus, and by 
Hero fan: The Body of the Emperour being buried 

according to the ufualcuftpm,his Effigies of Wax 

i i ^ p * / .4 y s upon a large 

bed of Ivory fumptuouiiy adorned; The Phyfi- 

cians did vifit it duriug fe ven days ? and Itreat it as if 

.. * .. . th^ fic of ^knefs. In the mean 

while all the Senate and Noblitypf ^^ were 


prelent m mourning Habits. When thefe days 


it were 


. “ . t , o -r-TTTT' “‘Viv uavj 

were expired,he was held for deaditherefore they 

tranlported him to a publick pjace,where the Ma- 
giftrates quitted their Offices,there thenewEmpe- 

rour was wont toafcend uponan highPulpit,called 

Rojtra, becaufeit was adorned with the Sterns of 
Ships, taken from theEnemies in Sea-fights \ here 
he made a funeral Oration in honour of the De- 
ceafed. Afterwards they carried this Image of the 

Emperour out of the City, to the Field of Mars, 


where a Pile of slromatickjwcoti was eredled 
burn it. In the mean while the Roman Gentlemen 


did ride round feveral times in order. At laft the 


« i 


new Emperour with a Torch fet the Pile of wood 
in a fla me: At the fame time an Eagle was jdifmift 
from the top of it, which was imagined to carry 


this new God into Heaven 


When 


this 


t t.)37n 


- V 


\ 


t. - 


ended, the People 
with all manner of $ 



or 




* 



Salt, and divert 

». And this 





as a Feftival-day,to be 
Ocular Sacrifices, or in feaftipg 





as we have faid 


the 



feeing all forts of Plays. 

Additional Note. \ 


-4 % • 

V K 


% 


’ * 


», Th t Fe ^ i r a b ia y s °f . Rame > were many .thefe 

Jffere the thief: The Kaiendaofeyery.hjQOtb. were 

bedl- 


i « 





rl 

M 


i 

4 


Cb. 5 


to Uje ^tat&en Gods 


3‘3 


.J 


dedicated to Jim 


* 

On the firft of January the 


•'X 


Romans fent gifts to their friends, with good <“£ 
wifhes for their health. In this Month were the 

Agonalia, dedicated to the God of Afhon. 


• Car meritalia , 
•vander’s Mother 


re in honour of Carmenta, E 
Iu the following Months wen 


the ferminalia, confecrated to Deus Terminus. 

The ldm, or fifteenth of March, in which julm 
Cafar was murdered, wa$ named Parricidium. ; 


*They 


i>aiar vv<»uiu*^“>'‘) . - _ . r u inftituted bv 

* Lemma , in which they didfacnfice to t e Rom i usa f ter 

Hobgoblins* was in May. , the mnrther c 

BeUondria, were the Feftivals of Bellona, in his Brother 

which the Pricfts did offer to her nothing but *«"'* “* 

their own blood. Lucan lib. i.Pharj. ■ 




■ i 


1. Lucan lib. i. Pharf 
g>uos fefrti Bellona lacertis 


Kemiu, and 
called Kim• 
ria . Ovid. 

lib. <. Fall. 


Sava movet 


en\j wr r u 1 4 r f 1 • 

Every God had a Feftital appointed for mm 

• w a « - 4' T /y ‘2 * l * X 


called by his Name 

them alt. 1 * 


id his Fafi .mentions 


Juiktiiliai were appointed by Nero at the firft 


(having of his Beard 


• • 


Liberdta.m'k Feftivalsdiftihdfrom tb mtrob ‘ 


3 


chanalia 


* « 


V* l.fe 


Cdprotinanonavel capriftcia, was the Fcflival @f 

Manservants* who haffth^articular pnv lledg- 


granted them. " 
RobigMlt, Whs theFefti^dl' 


l^LobigHi Dens 


"wttc. ? «yfive 

years at the-review of theT‘tibes,and of the Peo- 
^ Chariftia, wGte days appointed for Kindred to 


' t • ’ *«• 


a 


* V 


• 


Chari ft id) • w days appointed for Kindred to 
meet and make merry. 

in Rome every God had a Holy-day fet a part to 
worlhip him, called therefore by his name^ From 


Five years is 
called luflrum 
a lujlrando 

populrn• 


hence 


defined the enftom of confecrating 


days to the deceafed Saints in Rome 


J 


In 












3*4 


£>f t&e pomure pain 


Book 11T 


In Greece, as well as in Rome, there were niany 
noted Feftivals, t* 'Aa»« celebrated by thb'Huf- 

bandmen in honour of Ceres. 

^ ! , . 

Theoxemd were dedicated to all the Gods: 
'Avow A to C aft or and '*PoVftx : Ofcophoria to 


Caft 


and *Potlux 


TAinerva, unto whom the' Youths and Girls 
offered o%as, branches with Grapes hanging upon 
them : Ncphxlui were Sacrifices where the life of 
Wine was unlawful: ’O/m-ireta were in honbur of 

Hercules : Ozoivia, of Bacchus* at Atheml he rhp 




r 

or 


Tbeopottp 


Bacc 


O 


Htfych. Aiio 


r as unlawful: Omtneia were in honbur of 
r: Qzoivia of Bacchus, at Athens, as the 
Xut&i was a remarkable day in <>A- 
whichthey did boil the feeds of all manner 

ctables, which they afterwards offered to 

and Mercury for their deceafed friends, 
ic Punathenea at Athens , and the Panhel- 


letna, all over Greece,we re noted Feftivals 



< • . 


CHAP. VI. 


b 1 • 

ft 

. • • i 


4 V< * • 


Of the Plays of Greece appointed in ’ 
Honour of the Heathen Gods. 


v * • -' - * 


£-\,- * 

« md • <1 « 


E Plays and Combats, in which the 

1 Yoliths exercifed themfelves anciently,were 
not invented, only to fit Men for Waf,ir to di¬ 
vert the People *, but they were inftituted in Ho¬ 
nour of the Gods, whofe feltivals were kbpf with 
fuch kind of fports. Therefore they began them 
in’ facrificing to the Gods, and finifheff th’em in 

a! A " l n * r J ' . y ■' x * t\V»i t * i % } 


the fame manner. 


Beiides, Horner 


show 


in the Temples they .exercifed themfelves at 
many petty Plays, when ne fpieaks of thofe; who 
did handle the Dice before the Altars of Minerva. 
He informs us how PaU/hedcs ihyented i n the Siege 
of Troy } the Play of Chefs■ not only to entertain 

Souldier^ 


& 


4 


Cb- 6 


td tije oeatycn cods 


>> 


3 1 5 

■ 


•Souldiers in abtidiifbht alfo to inftrubt them in 

for°p S erftms of a«olicy didicomtnoTily 

time away with thi$ fort of Play, whi h rfe# 

„r. J :u »ul T#>mntpsbf the Gods. 


ufed id the Temples of the Gods 








^ ww r. w ^ * 

Amoneft the Combats and Publick Plays, **?<*£ Sw** 

there was the Running m a Race, one of the No n.^ip0- 
rnoft ancient and chief of the Exetcifes. The 


nd 


next was Skipping 


lib, 


of t 
ron 


Stone, or of tnc Bar, 
orof Brafs. round, and 


The third was the calling w/. 


hich 


of 1 


9 -G": 


Br 


r,. - 


confiderabie yd'Mex®’ 


wel.hr They who did caft it bigheft, orfartheft, &SSLd 
won th- orizh The fourth kind of Play was. 

ver w th 8 Oyl» and all naked, ft rove tofcaft one f 


won the prize. 


another to the ground 


The fifth was the Dif- 


__ _ A * J V -- . A 

™te at Cuffs' “theCombatants, named 
& about their hands hard thon^sofangh ijWg.* 


Hide, called *er 3 < 


Thefe laft Plays were named 



Gymnki bccaufe the Parties did fight all naked- 

Jm. ^ "Tof" 23 ' 

SKho° SSS were «WiM * 

* i « * . . S I ^ ; > . _ t — . k_ 


ra Was the place 


y/te; 1 'Sortie were 

•/ * I • -if"- 


- Tvpveicnov, is 


to aft iff five forts of ,lle P la ? 


SSI': ^r^had'therefore' in Cr Alhe name of 
0W J V y wh hs overcame were ftiled * ?*#- ntpr^x©-, 




Combats. 


ThcfourGeneral A,jJ?toblies, or facred Games, ^ 
at were fo famous in Greece, and that were kept ^ 

’ . \ i I ' 




“-JSfv^rAnnlMed' Umes'for a long while, B^ufeehey, 

ffid Confift of no other Sports The mott.1 «™«°" f h , ir length. 

apd'Chief were the OlymptckGzmzh inftituted y 

/ I ^ 

9 ^ 


: \ 


Hercti 




3*6 


4 » 


V 1 


# 


fl>f t&e ?)oitonr0 pato 


Book III. 


iSfxi- 

7 *es l ° n<*- 

i,all*ov& o| * 

(Ar dySvA. 
Non. Dionyf. 
lib. 11.n. 1^3. 


Herenles 4 in honour of Jupiter Olympius near the 
City Olympia, in the Province of Elis. There 

the Conquerours received no other reward than 

aCrown made with a Branch of an Olive Tree: 
Every five years they met upon the place. 

Afterwards the ‘PythianG ames were confecrated 
to Apollo, in remembrance of .the Serpent Python 
that was kill’d by him. In thefe the Conquerours 

were crown’d with Laurel,The7/?^/«/^« Games 
dedicated in the isthmus of Corinth to Neptune* 


dyans at rours V 

, Tt- affirms 


appointed by The fern :there theConque- 

were crowned with the PineTree^s/Yatan:/; 


Some fay that they were dedicated 


A'o o SvtiflJy Ptd&nion ,the God of the Havens: ! conceive that 
oiltia A' d9a- ^°th Opinions may be true, for Neptune, and Pa- 
tarav Znv&, l Anton arc fometimes fynonyma in the Greeks Poets, 

. s_ they were both Gods of the Sea ■ Ne- 

It ^ ^ 


1 >™ of 


PaUmon only of the Harbours and 


xit Sea-(hores.™ ~“‘ J .. 

* 0 - uS\a, The fourth fort of Games, kept in the Ntnutan 


v&y*Xtt> rf- 


Forreft, were inftituted in honour of Hercules 


who had fo valiantly overcome 


Lion In that 


place. Some fay that thefe laft Gaines were or¬ 
dained in remembrance of jlrchtmorstiy the Son of 
King Lycurrmyi or when the?Men of Atgos did 
march wiiV^&rafiwi^mfoThebes, the Kurfe of 

this little Priuc&having laid him down upon the 
grafs, near a Smallage Plant, to fhew theAtmy 


where they might recover fotne 


they being 


extremely afflid;ed with thirft in this place, n 
great Serpent in the mean while kill’d him.^ra- 
fius, and the Captains of his Army^ after this 
mifchance appointed tfa£le folemn Gaines in ho- 


of the' 'Child 


be celebrated every five 


years, to comfoit his afflicted Father Lycurgm 
commanding that the Judges fhould appear ir 

moor- 


f 


-V' . 









Ch.6. 

mourning, 


to tlje Ipcatftcn Gods. 

and that the Conquerours Crown 





1 




ihould be of Smallage 


Ac laft, after a certain V"^ 


number of years, befides thefe five kinds of Ex- & victory 

ercifes, -named V.mcrAce, or the Qmnqmrttmy^s. 
Horfe-race wasadded,and the Running with Cha- 
riots; which was performed m an Mdroms, 2r*W, 
called Stadia, becaufe.of its length, that was of ^ 


more Furlon 


aSralfo Circus , becaufe 


was pf an Oval Figure; from hence thofe Sports 

were named Circenfes ill Latin. : 

The Circus of the Olympick. Games had the 
River Alphas on one fide,and the other was arm¬ 
ed with naked Swords ftuck in the ground. The 

Place from whence the Runners departed was T(te cord 


named Carceres, and many times there was no- t in , 

thing but a Line,or a final) Cord,ftretch d before funds c 
them, to keep in the Horfes, that wafted for the 


wis 


two 


Signal 


In this manner they were keptin 


together, until they departed towards the 

where an Obclifcut , or low Pillar, was 

They were to run fevenftimes round about ifcbe- |w^. 

fore they could deferve the Prize. * And if fthapu 
pened by mifchance, that thefe Chariots in turn- * . ^ 
ing round, did but touch at the Pillar, or at the o--^ /0 ^ ae¬ 
ther Chariots, they were immediately broken to *5 nto* 

pieces, ph^y weredrawn fo furioufty / _ gionyf. /. 37. 

' Tjiey who ran on Horfc-back, aid often lead ^ 2T4 . 

two together $ they were fo dexterous and io ^ j s called 
nimble, that in the Race they fometimes skipt tfjuftegium 


Nov. 

/• 37 


from one-Horfe. to. another 


for that caufe they -ft 


were named Defalt 


or Defid 


From 


hence* it is, that the Romans did borrow their Pro- 
verb, Defalt or ia mtnra homines , that is' Men of a 
chanoint nature. Some intelligent, and wiiePer 
fons were chofen in. thefe Games, named Hel- 


• » 


mg nature 


lanodick 


Tp^ 


e<> 


and to ^' a iv the 'Prize 




• 1 


I 


• 4 4. 









3 *? 


si** 14)6 

* ' ■ ♦ • ~ 


U\JV) il 


to him to whom it was due. They who obtained 

* 

the Victory were received in State into the Cities 
of their Habitations. It was the cuftom to call 
down a part of the Wall, for them to enter in 
with more Glory and Pomp. 

About this time there were in Greece,Athletes, 
or Combatants of incredible ftrength, as Addon of 


and Poly da 


Arrichio 


another 


who is mentioned anion gft the Pictures of Philo- 
fir at us. Although this lalt had been call to the 
ground, in a condition ready to breath forth his 
laft gafp,he did neverthelefs deftroy his Adverfa- 


and deferve the Prize of the Combat 


Milon carried 


h 


fhoulde 


Bull of two years old, upon 


a 


11 along the Stadium, and then 


knock’d him down with a blow of his Fill: Be- 

. « • v 

ftdes, it is reported of him, that he eat up the 
Beall the fame day. Fie held a Pomegranate fo 
faft in his hand, without bruiftng it, that no body 
was able to take it from him. He flood upon 
the decline of a little Rock, with his feet clofe to¬ 
gether, and no one was able to remove him from 
thence : But at laft. having undertaken in a For- 


ft 


But at laft, having undertaken in a For 


feperate with his hands 


parts of 


Tree Hit in the middle, he partly performed his 
enterprife, but they came together fo fuddenly, 
that he was caught between them in fuch a man¬ 
ner, that he could, never free himfelf, fo.he 
was there devoured by Wolves for want of afli- 
ftance. . . .. ; 

Poly damns in his young days caught hold of a 
Lion in Mount Olympus , and ftrangled him with 
his hands. He did catch a fttong Bull, one of the 
rasft furious of the Countrey, and held him fo by 


that he could 


move 


forward 


hus he flayed with his hands a Chariot, which 


was 


» 


A - • /t « 


. o. iu ty* ^wvv*** 

' \ 

; drawn by ftrong Horfes. 


♦ 

We read alfo 


fltny, of 


Kahns 


Captain of the Empe 


Aimfuh who was able to perform fueh like 


actions 


Thefe Games and Exercifespf Greece , caufed 

them to be fuch good Souldiers, that with a 

{mail number of Men, they defeated Millions pf 


the Army of Terfi 
Countrey. 


who 


gainft their 


Additional Note. 


When Virtue meets with reward and 


ragement 


ftrives to excel 


Rom 


had 


worthy Generals,than when they were ho 


floured with Triumphs 


nor Greece 


flout 


and valiant Souldiers, than when they were re- 
compenfed with the Efteem and Applaufes ot 
Men, and with Crowns of Vidory. Milon, men¬ 


tioned before, was a famous Combatant, and 
Polydamus the Son of Nicias of Thejfaly purchafed 
by his Adions fo much the efteem and fame ot 
the World, that Darius having fent for him to 

fee fome vifible teftimony of his . ftrength, he 

knock’d down in his prefence three of the ableit 


Souldiers of his Guard 


But he was afterwards 


ftifled ima Cave,for negleding to come out,when 
the ground did fall down upon him. Theagines 


another Man noted for his ftrength 


Euthy 


in Italy . 


another brave Champion, born at Locrut 






- 


CHAP. 


r . 











r 


2?i rbe honours pata Book m 


• t .* 


I < 


» • 


* * » 


>3 


1 w ^ 

H! 


» ■ 


V 


Li 



CHAP. VII. 

The TuhlickJTaftitr.es of the Romans. 


M 


Any Nations imitated the Greeks in theft 

for ts of Spor ts, but efpeciatly the Romany 

\ for 
railed 


trom the firft Foundation of their Empire 
they then prepared many places to run, 
Called circus Cirri. The molt noted was made by the 

« ^ • • l ^ « v # __ w 


Maximus 
Hit)pod) 


mand of King Tarq 


PrifcHs , or three Fur 


F- u rip 


longs in length. Julius C<ejar adorned it with 
ftately and fumptuous Buildings, and with many 

brave and plealant Chanels'of clear water, called 

Bur if 


Sea between 
Greece and 
Higropont. 


All the rqultitude of Beholders did fee 
rirait about without any lett \ for they fate upon Heps 

placed one above another, rifing in the 


r of a Hill, fo that the foremoll were 


hindcranee to the hindermoft 
All Orders of Men had 


them 


ft 


The People were fep 


places alfigned 

from the 


j the Nobles, %oman Gentry, and Magi 

Urates, according to their Qualities, took their 

feats. ' * 

_ # 

The neardt, and moll convenient place, was 

the Orcheftra. Before it a large Platform did 
Hand, named Podium . 


iarg 

where the Emperours 


Throne wasufually feared. The Senate,Tribunes 
of the People,and the Virgins,were placed 

and he alfo who appointed the 




this Orchestra 

% 

Sport,and did furnilh the Expence neceflary _ 

He was ftiled Edtior , Munerarius, Agonotheta 1 __ 

Brakeuta. And the Prize that was bellowed upon 
the Conquerours, 

hum. 


was called Brabium 


Bra 


In 


* .Jr, « 


V. 




as,.;-.- . It 




Ch.y 


to the ©eatljftt Gods 


In the beginning of the Empire, Kings were 
vays the Agonothet *,afterwards that Oiiice 


always the Agon 
did devolve to the 


CD 


whofeabfence a Di 


Bator veas created, for this purpofe 


And 


the Empire 


arrived to its higheft Grandeur $ Ti 


not only the Emperours,but alfo the Confuls^md 

other Magiftrates, gratified the People with inch 

kind of fports, at their firft admittance mto^ieir 

Employments. _ t r . 

The Romans affefted fo much theft Paftimes, 
that they did fpend days and nights to fte them, 
without caring for eating or drinking, it is true, 
that they who gave thefe fports did alfo fometimes 

fcaft the People. 

And although from all parts of Greece , they 
met at the Olympick^GznKS, they were noihing 


lean, Luc rcvyiv. 

And although from all parts of Greece, they 
met at the Olymfickfi ames, they were nothing 
near fo fumptuous and ftately,• as the Romans, in 
their Sports,* for they had not fo many Comba¬ 
tants, nor Spectators, nor was the Place fo 


glori 


and beautiful i and there was no Pomp 


in Greece, to uffier in the Champions, 

FoYin this City, all the Statues of the Gods, and 

Of the Worthies of the Empire, were carried be¬ 


fore, attd then Chariots followed 


a great 


number, fucceeded by the Spoils that had been, 
taften from tfttTnetines, and by all the precious 
jewels and 'Ornamencs that were laid up in the 
Treafbty^houfe of the Empire*. Alter this T rain, 
the 'P-rieBs-) tXugures, and Pontifs , did march in 
good ordeft,to Sacrifice tofome of the Divinities, 
according to the times and occahons. TheSe;- 
cular CGames were every hundredth year; there¬ 
fore the publick Cryer, who was fent to invite 
the People to them, did proclaim, that they were 
fuch Sports, as none alive had ever feen, noi 

Ihould ever lee again. . 


alive had 


feen, nor 


X 


Time 











3 


* 

Martial 


v .. 

®f t&e 5>ottourss pain Book i\i 

* 

Time brought many alterations to thefe Pa-' 

ftimes of the Romans , for befides the Gymmck 
Fights, and theHorfeand Chariot Races, they 

invented the Butchery of the Gladiators, and the 
Nanmachias . or the Fiphr nfshine snH hnn^in. 


Nanmachtas , or the Fight of Ships, and hunting 
of divers forts of Bealls j for that purpofe they 
Called yiforia, efy^ted large Amphitheaters, whereof the manner 

f' ey of building was much like unto that of the Circus, 

handforaly for in 1 ref P e £ ° f ^ difpofition of the degrees &fteps, 
all to fee. where Beholders were feated , for the form of 

Thefears were them were almoft round,approaching to an Oval 

called ami The Sports were reprefented in the middle, and 

AmtvZtm at the bottom caIled Arena > becaufe this P Iace was 

aim cavta. covered over with Sand, that the Blood that was 

Ipilt might the fooner link down out of fight,and 


ealled Cnnti 
from their 
Arena vocatur 


that it might be more eafie for them to cover it, 
by ftirring up the Sand. 

In the bottom of the Amphitheaters were large 
Caves and Dens, for to keep the wild Beafts,or to 
receive water, upon which they did reprefent ma¬ 
ny Sea-fights} a little higher were Vaults,& Stairs 
by which they afeended to the Seats.The entrance 

of thefe vaulted Galleries were called V'omitoria , 

becaufe of the multitude of People whidreora- 
nionly burft out of that place at the end ofthe 
Sports. They who by their late arrival were ex¬ 
cluded out of the feats, were named Excmeati , 


becaufe they fhifeed themfelves into feveralcor¬ 
ners where they did fee Handing. ' 

The Emperour Vtfpafian built an Amphitheater 
of Stone, which was finifh’d by his Son Titus : It 
was able tohold ninety thoufand Spectators fit¬ 
ting, with twenty thoufand more upon their legs. 

The chieffport ofthe Amphitheater , was that 
faf the Gladiators or Fencers,who were appointed 

to divert the People in fpilling their own blood, 

in 


, > 


j* * - 


. ** - s+rti 









Ch.7 


to tf>e ^eatfjftl Gods 


313 


»„ the fame manner astheDudliftsofour time: 

A cruel cuftorn* introduced by the Devil. Here that fio , 


'lid ♦ 


tofore it v 
have take n 


i, muuuuuu uy mv **'*'*'' that did fight 

ufed only at great Funerals, as we ac the death of 
ice; but afterwards it came to be Noblemen. 


nn ordinary practice, for according to the times, 

or the greatnefsof him who gave thefe Paftimes to 
the People, you fhould have feen many hundreds 

of thefe 1 Combatants appear upon the Sand, one 
after another. This extravagancy, or inhumanity, 

was fo great, that fome-Emperours gave a thou- 
fand,others ten thoufand Fencers,that they might 


fight 


and 


the {laughter, to divfert the 


People many days 


Thefe Fencers were for the molt part Slaves 


kept for this bloody purpofi 


And before they 


did bring them out, they were wont to fend them 
to a Fencing Mailer, called Lanifia , to prepare 


them for this Exercife.Their Fencing-School was 

ftiled Bxtualia, where they learnt to handle the 

weapons, with a wooden Sword called Ruits , io 

that rudibus batuere, is to Fence or Exercife with 


this kirid of Inftrument. 
Now thefe Gladiators 


of feveral forts y 

CfTtArH in t*nf* _ . .. 


T j n a * +Uc> naraea wracts 

fome did fight only with a naked Sworu m tne or -pamuUni) 
right hand,and aBuckler in the lcfc,othersappea- f rom their 

r’d in perfeft Armour; fome marched to the en- 

counter blindfold, thefe were named Andabates. M- W . 


Others, called, Retiarii, made ufe of a Net 


_ W' 

trapan their Adverfaries 


The Myrmilliones had 


Tunic at i Reti&' 

rii net Ltiqut- 

arii. Named 


on 1 the top of their Cask the reprefentation of a otherwifeG^ 

Fifh; and if it happened, that they were caught 


and wrapt 


the Net,it was not poflible for 


them to efcape death. . _ c 

Antongft thefe GfedistOrS) fbmetiuies.Dwsrfs 

tailed ^Pitmilionesj .were produced to 

parts * And although thefe Men were the bafeft 

r X a and 

* 


did i mi rate 

the Gauls* 




And 













- * r ♦ . ' 




trje honours pafa 


Book hi, 


pany of Fen¬ 
cers, and their 
Guardian is 


^T £ fort P «>P^ many ^ Gentle- 

wagons. did often forget themfelves fo much, and under’ 
Famiiu, IS ta- value their Pcrfons, as to fight in the Arena and 

p.ny 0 of a Fr d "EL t ^Multitude with theiofs of their honour 

cers, and their ^njn. r W2S . WOnt t0 kill his Antav 

Guardian is g 0 ^ 1 ^, if the Spectators did not fave his life with 
called Pater a bended Thumb lifted up, by which they made 

StaL, tS' ftrlhtf re ’ a r d Wh r nth 7°P ened the 

was the place 1 h ™ b i j 1C was afi § n °f condemnation. 

wherethedead 1 *l s oldeit facers did obtain their Freedom 

Fencers were and fuch as had given any teilimony of theirva- 

of thdr F l 0 r! r f nd ^ lVlty ' r This was the Ceremony made 
cloaths. Sen. y ^ °A 1D ’ taiS occaficn: A wooden Sword was de- 
Epift. 94 . bvered into their hands. Sometimes they did 

Called Mifsio, afterwards engage themfeJves to fight for aSalle- 

thcrefor emif- ry, called Juthoramentum * and he who promifed 

mnm acubtn ^ 1 v vvnu uiumiieu 


famillas. 

Spoil art am , 
was the place 

wherethedead 


of their 
cloaths. Sen. 

Epift. 94. 


feS" and for ^ Money 


is to receive 
freedom. 


was ftiled * Jut hor at us • as they \ 

formed their Oath and Engagement 


bait, t! lL , Tde C;i f°. °f wild Bealls was one of the moll 
!£ K K*. !?fe of the or Mheater. 


fan- Ex author at i 


to hazard his life, 
they who had per¬ 
cent, were called 


P was b «Uc. Sometimes three o 7 four'hun- 

a mod »r e ie- by r, rCd L, ° nS ’ ° r an hundred Ollriches were to be 
vous Oath to ^ en . at ^ nce :^beEmperoiirr/>^caufed fivethou- 
fubmit to the lan , ^rty forts of Beafts, to enter into the 


their Mailer 
that hired 
them, name 
Lanifta , the 


Jmphitheatcr 


day: Amongfl: them were 


L.cns, Elephants, Wolves, Bulls, wild Boars 
Leopards, Rhmnocerots, &c. They caufed ma 


ny 


thefe Bealls to light 


Feocing-MrPter. In matiitina nupir fptfiatus 


a *i:fts UK* zissstsr ,hi; i -¥ s 


one againft 

Mucius % impofu 


ther 


. . .*- X ^ -x ** —t* 




Ch. 7 

ther s 


to t6e ?)?at6en Gods. 

9 

• r 

Sometimes they imployed men to 


ter them, & fometimes expos’d unto thefe furious 
aeatures both Men and Women, that they might 
have the pleafure to fee them torn in pieces and 
devoured. Many Chriftians have thus ended their 

days for the Faith of Jefus Chrift. Sometimes 
they did bring into the middle of the Jmphitheater 
apleafant Foreft, full of thefe wild Beafts, run¬ 
ning up and down, and caufed at the fame time 
feveral artificial Pipes to be opened, to fill the 
Air with excellent fents and perfumes, fo that all 
the Affiftants were embalmed, to their great fa- 
tisfa&ion. Sometimes with certain Engins, called 

Tegmata, they did Ihew the burning of Cities, 
bloody Battels,and many oth£r wonderful things, 
that paffed away in a moment. They covered the 
tops of thefe Jmvhitheaters with fheets of fine 
Linnen, or Silk, of a prodigious largenefs,to keep 
off the violence of the Sun-beams from the Be¬ 
holders. And the Emperours did often calEamong 
the crowd many things wrapt up, when they were 
unfolded, they who took them up found fome 
precious Jewel, which was bellowed upon them: 
So that it is no wonder, if Titus at one time fpent 
no lefs than eighty Millions of Money, in Sports, 

which he gave to the Romans. 

The third fortofPaftime of thz Jtnfhith eater 7 

was the Race, and encounter or fight of Galleys, 
that fail’d in it as upon a Sea, fometimesit was all 
of wine. Upon it they reprefented the Tritons , the 
Sirens* who did fing moft delightful, and play ma¬ 


ny pleafant tricks 


It is 


ported, that they 


brought upon this Sea true Whales,and other Sea- 
monfters, alive. 

The Theater was not like the Circus > or Am- 
thithcatery although the People did fit in it in the 


X 3 


fame 




nr . m 




fi6 


©f t&e ©onoun? palp 


* 

Book I IT 


I 


Trof centum 


Pulpit was e 
re&ed. 


fame manner; for the Theater was only for St/tge- 
players, Hocus focus's, and Buffoons, for Mufical 

Songs, Dances, A&ive Tricks, and all manner of 

Juglings, but efpecially for Comedies and Trm- 

dies. 6 

» 

'* m > The Scene ofthefe Theaters,that is to lay,that 

Xrea part of them which a PP eared in the Front,did turn 

was e- round,fnpported upon Pillars, to the end that the 

variety,fuitable to the change of the Subject,and 
of the Adions(efpecially in Tragedies') might giye 


more delight 


The Comick Scenes did refemble 


■V. 


Votythu 


domis 

'Ibiatro 

Mart. Ii 


private Houfes,& the iS^rid^reprefented Moun¬ 
tains, Caves, Trees, and Fountains. 

I liny informs us how Glorious and Magnificent 

were the Ornaments of the Theater which gear us 

built. Another, nafned Curio , could not equal 
him in Pomp and Glory -, but he furpafled him irt 
the Excellency of the Fabrick, for he built two 
Theaters , able to contain all the People of 
fitting without difficulty. They did turn round 
Upon Beams, in fuch a manner, that they joyn’d 
together in the form of an Amphitheater. 

\ - Pompeius built another,that was far more flate- 
ly than any ere&ed by his Predeceflors: for his 


ly than any ere&ed by his Predecefiors; for his 
Theater, as Tertullian faith, did not yield tp any 

other Building of the World inGlory.He dedica¬ 
ted it to V'mus, and built alfo a Temple in Ho¬ 
nour of this Goddefs.. 


- • W 

But all .thefe Sports,thatwere inftituted chiefly 
for the Festivals, of the Gods, reprefented only 
their Adventures, their Loves, their Thefts, and 
abominable pebaudieries: As the Encounters of 

the Circus, and the Amphitheater , did ftir up the 
minds of Men to cruelty .By this means the Devils 
did entertain the World.in the Belief and Wor- 
ihip of falfe Gods, and did keep up, a Publick 

f . . d . . School* 


? 


-.* ~ / r 




_ -r_ . — _- 




5 / 


* 

7 


to the »eat&en Gods 




School, for Men to be inftrudted in all mannetof 
C rimes •, for they caufed them to pafs for gallant 
4as,- and encouraged the imitation of them, by 

imputing them to the Gods whom they adored. 
Now that we have paft through the Relation 

of fo many diforders, which the ignorance of the 
true God, and eur fins, have caufed in the World-, 
we cannot end ic more advantageoufly, than in 
rendrine unto our Lord and Saviour Jefus Chriit 
the honor of having happily triumph’d over thefe 
Impieties upon the Crofs, and efpecially For that 
he hath thereby withdrawn us out of the dange* 
,rous Aby fs of fo much wickednefs, for the fake of 

his Infinite Goodnefs, and hath called us to the 

enjoyment of the light of his Gofpel. 

Additional Note. 

The Sports and Plays of the Romans do deferve 
our further confideration. There were two forts, 




private and publick 


whereof thefe are the chief. 
Latrunculi , the Play at Chefs 


The private were many, 


i 1 

the Board is Called alfo 


called L attune ulor um tabula invented by ‘Bdff- 


modes at the Siege of Troy 


exercife the Souldi 


14 


ers in the Art of War, & of encountrmg an Ene¬ 
my \ and therefore the Play borrows its name / 4 . 

from Latrones , an old word for Souldiers* ten principutn* 

« 

- Jnfidioforum fi ludis hella latronum Mart. 1 .14. 

Gemmeus ifie tihi, miles & hoflis erit. 

■ Tali and Tefra, the Play at Dice or Knuckle- In Gm ^ ^ 

bone, was in ufe amongft the Romans and Greeks- 

They rolled them in a little Box of Horn, called mi, «•£**• 

CorJea , Pixis , Fritillm , Fimas, TssrricM, and 


Orca 


This 


bited by the Romans m 


jr f -. ' (SA'tiu til 

Play is called Aha, it was prohi- 

Unmans in the Feftivals OI Sa- Horace lib 


turn. 


X 4 


Tila 


Od.2 4 




/ 




3 ^ t&EIpQltOUtS pam Book III. 

imam film Pfl*, or Sthara, isthe Ball Which was invented 

B°I?. young and, lufty Men • 

Ttffert mUiti- bu t alfo Princes and wor^ 

vis, is che wy'^pnimandersdidexcelm thisTort of Play as 
Warch-word Tttiis JLivins notes of M. Scevola. ’ 

tTmm2' a ch « H*rp«M m , and the Halteres, 

Ticket to get T rS ^mgs of great weight,which the Romans to 
Corn. Ntm- ^ lQW the . lf Length did call from them! 


Of t&e tpoiioutg nafD 


3 " 

f • 



Expeltere pila 
to Arike rhc 

Ball. 

Tefira mi lit , 

vis, is che 

Warch-word 

of an Army. 


. * * ^ 

to 


( r i ' 


« 

h 

12; 


Ci-^rh°n Ct „ m r n i Cy ; ■ 7 '^? Ht‘“Us, : was a Token by which Friends and 
rl f i Sckle-bone *** ° f HDfpIfallty > ^ h a,fo a D K> •* 


P A 


. \ 


Var 


Rhodig. 


Pet<aurum, was the Wheel handled by two 
fuch a manner, that one of them was always 
der while the other did skip through. 


‘Par & Imp 


Capita vel na- 
vim, they cal¬ 
led Croft and 

Pile, Leg( 

Kofin.ffr L ud is 


Children, as alfo Trochus 


Even or Odd, was the Sport of 


Top 


Martial, 


JjleTrothiis jmerisy at mihi canttts erit, 

_ # 

* Plays and Sports , were invented 


Kofin .dilldii dive! , c aild . oblige the People of Rome 
Rom. lib. 5 . were appointed in honour of the Gods 


they 


4 9 


s ♦ 


Antiq. TheJatter were celebrated in the Circus, Am - 

_ phi theater, or Theater fit certain times of che year, 

at the Feltival ofthe Divinities, unto whom they 

were dedicated. '• 

- T # , 

Purpura Me- ’ huai Megalenfes, were the Sports inftituted in 
gaievfis. Pro- honou^pf Cm?j, abotit the beginning of April • 

^ hlch taQ Roman Magiftratcs vdid appear in’ 

Garment. their Purple-Robes. • . 1 

* • ' - 1 

~ , ' ., ' Ll h dv *d$ollinares , we re in honour of Apollo. Lh- 

enr boscefebret ^ Riorala '> W€re dedicated to the famous Strum- 
mtmricia Lu- Flora/, on this Feltival, the Whores of Rome 


Furpau 

galevfh 


Garment. 

& 


A (lately 


Fa A 


M 

i. : 


&e, did run naked^. about the Streets, and were called 
1 * 5 * together with the found of a Trumpet. - - 

Fudi Cersales, were in honour of Ceres ; they 

/ - - were 


f - r- i 


:r. 


t •" "* 



v . * r ru 


a 

7 


_ * 

to the heathen Gods 


V' 


* V * 


A -V 






here to be performed by Women in white Gar¬ 
ments. They were to exprels much forrow,and 
abftain from all kind of Delights for Ceres s fake, 
who wept for her Daughter prof erf ina,tmdw oM 

not be comforted* , • 

Capitolina were confecrated to Jiipite- 

Capitolinas• Con fades liuh, to Ntftune. 

J Lh j: Sec dares, were performed every hundred They were » 

pets, during three days, in honour of Diana and raed 


// 


years, during three days, in h ? nour f ^" d £ 

of Apollo. The young Virgins and Men were ^ fa Rtmt 
wont at this time to fing Hymns to Apollo. Pceartas 

PeopS for the JnemW of the happy union fes ro ^ 
of the People and the Senate. 

Ludi Compitditii, were Plays and Dances in the 
ftreets, aded by the ordinary People in honour-of 

■ m 


their Lares 


Palatini ludL were fo called from 


the place where they were kept 


Taurii ladi 


ordained 


• • 

honour of the called alfo 


Infernal Gods, by the firft Tarquinias ,.in remem- BupaU 
brance of a great Plague, that happened in his«" , 

r«M, were Sports promifed by the^» Piw *&£ 

M» g ita»,i» tM^assss a»sr 


to»o» ■>(><IZVSi 

that they did obtain the V idory of their Enemies. Vtmttus vt . 
The Vow was put in writing,and fixed to the Sta- t0 bound to 
tue of the God with Wax, and this was called/^- the.. 
ZtlL, therefore the Poet faith, Genua merare of a 

Leorm* toexprefs thisadion. . . 

Now thefe Plays and folemn 
fometimes kept in the Circus, near the Walls of 

Rome, and therefore called LudtVt■.rpenfes ; _ ^^ D3 

which thefe are the moft remarkable particular . vtkHmu 

Tompa, the ftately Proceffion of the Roman : Gods, - - -- 
tdat were carried about,and followed by tholma- 

a I 


m 


ges of ail the V* 


Pageants, 

Chairs 




V 


A 






1 

f 


l! 


w 


.. • 


I* 

- i 


f* 


: 

■ 11 ' 


;r 

■l • 

S 

% 

A 

•* 

* 


Sit tit poimtM patt 


t 


BookIK 


' * 4 


Chairs of State, Crowns, and the Spoils of the 


Ch -7 


• ® 

♦ 

to the ^tatfctn Gods 


7 **r.*Lrr*m* v - 77 s VT **** ,r *i 


* 


Enemies. Sponfiones , were the Wagers that ivere I ® e ^ eS and Trojani, which 

laid. FaBioneL were the Pl fl W rc J? a I the *<>»**,X«* f/J tr ^ZA\ P Jrn exercife 


alfo among 




1 Albat<e 

Fentta, & 
Vrufjina. 

Virgil. 1.5. 


laid 


Named TVtyi 

from 


were the Players o? Aftors, whff J M^n a&diers^to, exerdfc jMfc 


wc.c u.viueu into tour parts, and therefore thev I T rT.J* „11 manner of Sports. 1 ney nau a brought the 

Cryer was ordered to go along, to declare thq ^ r’ime kirmilh/and reprefent theorder of a «> * * 
name of him who had won the Victory • ■ fometimes sKiruui > _ v^vhira Salt 


/Emcid. 

P 

Suetos. o. 39 


* *trhn I SLKijtoi £ S AW. trfm 


IS sK-uuniH) r ” pH Pvrrhica Salta- Suetos. o. 39 

Their Dance was named de «. c„/ir« 


Mimical, Saty- of the Theater, called LudiScemci, Stage-Plays 


and 


Tragical, which are either Mimic & 


TragoedU 


Saty 


Comosdia 


Son of Achilles in Homer 


w,' * ^ da the Romans do call them, Plani- I *he plovers and fee that they might 

Kcaufetbci/’ I 6 ** 5 * dttellana, Pmextata, and TabernarU. The. I \lvefaitv\W' he was’called C amp D oft or, or 
Feet were na- j^o latter do remain amongfl: us ^ but we do not I h w itor fo that when they appeared either negli- 

fol^w in the compofure the ftriCt Rules, that the ■ ^ omtori 9 . . « 1 1_j 4 .U/N tn rhciftlffi hlffl 


r 


Attellana , fo Romans did preferibe 


named from me dles 


their Tragedies and Co 


The ACtors were called Mimi 


# —. j Copri'a^ 

Town of Italy, Parafttij Saniones, Hifirioms , P am 0 mi mi ; all thefe 

whence are mfamous mimes, to denote the Flatterers, the 

who were 


Monitor, » ^ the care to chaftife him. 

6 The molt cruel Sports were, aaea ny y. 


diators, who were irained up, and referred by «<*«? 

ff “3’Nd ^ f. .n»b«i!2±2E 


like wild 


the SatyVrcaP Buffoons, the Fools, and Tale-b 


di^ 

fir ft cortie. ' 
Pr<etextat £. 


admitted to the Feafls of the Romans 
company merry. 


y 


y 


make the 


the time intended 

KSWte* “S* s “‘•'SSSS— 


Robe 


They were called TragendU, becaufe 


a Cryer 
ftreets 


and by fixing Bills at the corner of the 


When the Fencers were entred into gfAren*, 


the Aftors had a Gott T^®-, beHowedTp™ thTni nTewaTd of tto I ' fc W '^„Tbefore they did fight ip eatneft 
pains, Of them Phut, faith, Alio mi alitna catUnt w I their cuftom was, peiore uwy f b m w nne fl 


4 • ’ 




Ovid 


• v > 


of the 


^ v f -s 



t f - 


' • ^ 


v 


# But we mult not forget to take notice 
difference between the Tragedy and Comedy 

former didjreat of Blood-fhed,' Cruelties, Mur 

der,. &c 

Story. 


jeft 

with weapons 


The other, of fome merry and pleal 


p their aftivfiy, hyping ^ ^ y . 

SyTS'were fometimes receivedamongfl:the 


L n a I wkh Ribons, called i^.anda wooden Sword 


and Phtf4/p, the Prologue j Epitafathz 


Entrance 


«» 


• ¥ 


the Story, or the Appearance of 
the Aftors; Cata&afis , is that part in which the 
Defign oftbe Comedy is clouded with unexpected 


paffag 


es y Catafirophe , is the Conclufion. Chorus 


the Dance and Mu lick 


SSdUM mentioned before 

^ pofito pofeitur enfe rudk 

\ : - 

* 

The End of the Third Epo!^ 



■f 





1 


A 


nifeata 

Ovid* AmrQ 

lib, 2* 


BeEdes 





p 


r**. 


lit 


eiU jtJk A, v tJhL .<§> V A, A A 


A 


TREATISE 


Of the 


\ 


(ROMAN ANTIQUITIES: 


tv' 


AND 


Of the Difficult Names, relating to their 
Affairs not mentioned by Galtruchitu ., 



BOOK iy. 



CHAP. I 


Of the City and People of Rome. 


♦ 

R OME is not fo Ancient as Famous vion, Kb. 

It was built about 3225 years after otho Frifing* 
the Creation of the World, in the £^' cap * 3 ‘ 
days of Salman Apr , the King of Sec Tit Livivs, 

Jpria, and of the Captivity of Ifrael, by Ro- concermngthe 

milus and Remit*, two Brothers, the Baftards of beginning of j 


Rhea Sylvi 


The firft Inhabitants were but 

' Shepherds, 


1 


* 


334 


€ craftCe of 


Book IV 


SoHn-in ?oly- Shepherds, and fuch mean People, that all their 

biftor. Neighbours did think it a difgrace to give unto 

tmm SI the ® their Daughters in Marriage : When they 

Claudian. could not obtain their defires by the ufual perfwa- 

Becaufe the 


get \\ 


they imployed their ftrength and cunning to 


mull's and Re- W 


n 


For when the Virgins of the Sabins 
fee thePlays & publick Sports, they 


mas) did fuck ft 0 le them away by force. This Ad of Hoftility 

they had"been was followed b y a cruel War • in which King^o- 

caftaway j or mulusY laving the advantage,forced the Sabins to 
becaufe their unite with the Romans in one body, and to take 

Nurfewasa 

Whore. 


up their Dwellings 


Rome 


fo by degrees his 


Tribus 


of the City 


Whore. Vi&ories made him both Dreadful & famous a- 
There were mongft the Italian People. When his Subjects be- 

of the City ' camenumero . us > be divided them into threeTribes, 
and Rkflic* of and ea(dl Tribe into ten Curia, or Parilhes* Over 
the Countrey everyParifli there was a Prieft,much like unto our 
Called Fiami- Parilh Priefts,called Curio jand over them all there 

^ S nnvf a m\ i- was . a Cbief Overfeer, called Curio Maximus, 

earn//#. 2. and ln Gree ^ In every Parilh was a 


everyParilh there was a Prieft,much like unto our 
Parilh Prielts,called Curio jand over them all there 
was a Chief Overfeer, called Curio Maximus , 


and in Greek 


In every Parilh was 


Twelve .Vul- publick Hall, called Domus Curialis, where the 


tures did ap 
pear to the 

Augur es, win 

they werem 
king their O 
iervadons 

Zitas Livius 
* Junftis am 
tro Tanro & 


People met 


Feaft and offer Sacrifice 


The 


Tribes did increafe afterwards to 3 5 in the flou 


rilhing State of the Empire 


The City he built 


upon the River of Tybur, as T.Liv. informs us, 
with the ufual Ceremonies, obferved on fuch 
occafions. The Augur es or Sooth fayers were or¬ 
dered to make their Obfervations,to find out the 


I 


de 


molt happy place 


feat the City: Afterwards 


the founder took a *Plow,and marked out the 


Ondd.A. com P afs of 


where the Wall was to Hand 


Vamterium is when he came to the place appointed for a Gate, 
the ground he did lift up the Plow, and from hence comes 

next to the - ' ■ — - -- - - 


VaiLnf 3 ri>v ^ ortai A pro-fdando aratrum. They did alfo facriftce 
tundavir-Hr /* Beafts to the Gods of the place 3 and perform ma- 


bem Septicol * 
lm Romulus, 


ny other neectlefs Ceremonies: 




* 

■ « 

Rom 


1 


« 


' 


Ch 


dt ** **■>%tvt 






« ► * 


r 

335 


3 






RmdtU called his City Rome, after his own Romulus 


tame : And becaufe his Brother defpifed his firft "“X 
undertakings, by skipping over the new Wall,he mania conforii 

non habitants 


caufed him to be killed. km habitant* 

The Citv was at firft built upon Mount Tala- Remo. Tibul. 

fme, where many ftately Edifices were ereded, 
and where the Senate did often meet; but by de voctblltlir _ 
grees fucceeding Kings took in fix neighbouring Ter xapitolio 
Hills into the Walls, fo that it is often called cum 1 invtclus . 

<7) v h t Thefe wa ' theother fix : The Luc. de Pomp. 


Hills 


the Wall 


fo 


Septicollu Vrbs. Thefe we-' theotner ux: i ne — -^ 
Capitol, where a 1 emple was eredted to Jupiter, t)ic Conque . 

if i rr* * . non rP . . 1 • 


Thirher did 


and where flood Raves Tarp 


from whence j- 0 iirs ride in 


many 


Malefa&ors were call down and executed, triumph 


uirinalis 


amous T emple 


where Quirintu or Romulus, had 
■ <s Mons Callus* where was the 


Curia hofttlia, th Q State houfe , into which none 
but Senators did enter. Mans Rjqmlintts, where 
a Watch-Tower was built by Romulus, where the 


City did call 


their dung and filth, and the 


crifice to Ju¬ 
piter. 

Tarpeia, rapes 

was fo called 
from Tarpeit, 
the Veftal Vir 
fiin, who be- 


Slaves. were nailed 


the Crofs 


LUM MUM ~ , ■ 

Mom Aven- «£* t 


iinw 


Murcius . or Sacer, becaufe there were 


r 

the 


fo many Temples erefted upon it to the Gods. mies. -tiv. 

Mans Vimmalk, dfrom 'atacefapiter is named Ft- 

mnem, or ViminalU, be caufe he had a beautiful ' 

Temple upon that Hill. 

Belides thefe noted Hills,there were three more 

added in time to Rome : Collis Horticuloritm, where 


Twjg 


the Circus d id ftand 


Janie ulus from Janus, who 


was there interred. Vatic anus Mons, whete now 
the moft famous Library of the World Hands,and 
the moft noted Palace, called the K dtican . 

Thefe three laft are far lefs than the others, 
ifeerefore the City did always retain the name of 


' In this glorious City,the Emprefs of the World, 

inany ftately Palaces were erefted, whofe 


*4 


v 





33 * 


IfcfMte 


ki 


- - r* 



do yet declare her Grandeur. In her ffourifhinp 

-i _^.r _r . i t . __ 6 


Bsfilica faci- Eftate, there was thefe noted places: Arcus Trt 
££, p]^ f . mphales, glorious Monuments of Vj dories-ob* 
infrinum * tained u P on the Enemy. The Baftlifci, were 


The Baftlifci, were 


Buildings fupported upon Pillars of a Prodig 


height and largenefs 


^ Sacra, the Holy way 


where Romulus concluded an agreement with the 

Sabins , and through which the "Roman Priefts 

and Augures did ufually pafs to perform their pub- 

lick Ceremonies. 

t 

ForumjWas any Market-place where things were 


fold 


fi 


pifcarium, ohtorium, &c 


Forum 


alfo the Place of Tuftice, where Controverfies 


were heard. Julius Caftr built one called Forum 
Julium , and A up lift as another named' Auguftt 
um. There was another Forum Tranfitorium , 
Palladium, becaufe adjoyning to it was the 


Fo, 


Temple of Pallas 


The Forum Romanum was 


ti<ec ft a Su¬ 
er is qua via 
nomtn habit. 
Ovid. TtiSU'2 

El eg. 


called Forum Saluflii,OT Vet us,it was as the Guild- 
hall of where caufes were heard, and where 

People did walk and confult of bulinefs : There 
were the Roftra, the Comnium, Saturn's Temple, 

&c. 


Comitium , was 


place that did belong 


Vmbam pu- where Juftice wasadminiftredin the Ivory Chair 
ml Libonu. named Sella curults•, under it flood mferiour Ben 


ches, called Sub fell 


Near unto this place was 


a (lately Building, in which was the Roflra , a 
Pulpit adorned with the Stems of Ships. Here 
was alfo a Sanduary for Malefadors,dedicated to 


Call 


The Temple of Saturn, where was the 


Roman Treafury, named vFxarium fanlhius, and 
Tabularium, becaufe here the Romans did lay up 

their Records.. . .. 

Campus Sc tier at us, was the Execution-Plad. 
Campus Marim was noted, becaufe the People 


i 


# 


t 


% t . 






337 , 

3 m 

* 


% xi EofhanJturiflStt eg. _ 33| 

ild often meet there to chufe their 7 

therms were (lately Edifices ereded for Pleafnre* 

That of Diode fan is yet to be feen at Rome. , 

Nymph**, where the Men arid Women did con- 

dude their Marriages. ',. w 

Senaculum, a, Meeting place for the Senate,Whictl 

was in feveral Temples of the Gods. t . / 

This fair City was peopled with all forts et PatmkSy fig* 

Inhabitants y they were commonly divided into n ifies the fame 


Vatronos* or Patricios 


the Noble-men 


and 


as our 




rSebeiosCU mcs, the Vulgar or common Peo- 


pie. Romulus chofe out of the firft 


hundred, f?£ 


Bread : « It 


chat 


9 J ' 


to compofe a Senate. In rime this number increa- fjgnifies alfo 
fed to above three hundred, and then they were an *«<<•: 

. • r • WC.IHUll wKCS. 

* notice, that idt 

Rmi the Plebeians did chufe their Fat mot put of the chief wn of the Or 
ty, that they might have a Proteftor in time of need; and if diePafroiw, 

hell, and ont of the proteaion of the Law ; fo that any 

kilfd him, Diontf. Halicarn. lib. 2. Ic was likenife fo tnth *e Client ,tt. 

fie did offer toabufe or injure his Vatmus , he was to fuffer death. 
tts were the mod: vertuous and Noble ft Citizens,the Vopnldrts as t e 

imports were favourers of the People. 

1 The ordinary Divifion of the Inhabitants when ^ 


Rome began 


ftburifh 


was 


SenatoriUtn , tamc l ut 


_. „ Q _tu nuuiiiii y waj ? mtfMqut pro - 

Equeflre^ and Tlebeium ordities. * The- Bqtteflris fa^illo quest 
drdo was a Gentile fort of People,inferiour to the dederas prate- 


Senate, honoured with 

Houfe, a Horfe, and c 


a publick allowance, a 

Gold Ring, which was 


Triftium ,EI 


» _ /- iriiuuuiM&x»4< 

given unto them by the Cenfors. They were L e . pratemn . 
obliged to ferve the Publick in War, and had the t is coram senai* 
liberty to wear a Garment of honour , called ta in tcanfvt 


liberty to wear a Garment of honour, called ta in tranfve^, 

Anguftielavikm, as the Race of the Senators, did 

carry another, named Lattelavtam. Beliaes tneie, twice 

every year, and pafs before the Senate on Horfeback, this ty as calkd t 
vtfth. Kead Sign* lib. 2. dt Antique fm aha Aid* GtlU 4 . c* w t 


Y 


4 . • J 







+ V- ^ 







33 « 


cream* or 


Book IVi 


i . «/ ... , . i tbe Intermix or Free-born; The Liber 

cm tvinL X'. fudh whofe P XV had been diTtharged of 

fix liberare, to . jlavery \ and the Liberia and Manu~mi(fi 
fee at liberty. Libem^thit were freed from Bondage by their 

Mailers; The manner ofit wasthus:The Servant 

An quit &mpli- was brought before the Prator by his Patron,who 

cminimh- Wa , S t0 P r . 0n0UI > ce th ff e 5 0fds . Obcnm cjfc 


ve Romano 
'comparand!) 


giving a flit to his Ear with a Knife 


The 


Prator after this ftrikes the Servant with a Rod 


ejU Cicer. pro called Finditta, faying Dico earn liberum ejfe more 

The Citizen*' Q tiritlim ' U P on that he received a Cap,or Hat, 

Of Rome were' 111 token of liberty from his Mailer, and was im- 

either thefe mediately difmilt, and his Name was enrolled a- 

that were na- mongll the Roman People. 

z d r ?r:r l ,. t° be a ckizen aw, w as & 


that were na- mongll the Roman People. 

, • 1 ° bea Ckizen of this City, was the 

timbmomrii, highlit honour unto which thetfaw^didpromote 

wholived ouc Strangers,that had welldeferved from thenvma** 

ofthecity,but ny Kings andPrinces have fought it paffionacelv. 

riorl mp IihPFMr l_^_ _ r« ■ • • Jf 


of giving thehr bc P.'! fe , the Citizens oKiw/r did enjoy manynoble 
fuffn.g«% the ptiviledges,tney didchufe the Magiftrates.and it 

~Municipes, and was D °t lawful to condemn them to death,5ut in 

ibloni .or cm; the publick Aflemblies of the People, and then in 

Fordvn a Nari e their . death the V were dift ingui/hed from othef 

6 ns i,o were menm themanner of k - 

% 

admitted to be Romarrsy becaufe of the good Offices done to the Republic^ 
or Cives in quit ini Ingtnui cives, as Cicero calls them. The Roman Citizeiis 
at firft were ail honourable perfons,but when the people had incroached up¬ 
on the Friviledges of the Senate, then all forts of Mechanicks were admit¬ 
ted Romans Citizens, is Romania civ is videtur, qui domicilium^ qui tribum 
$ti bonoriun pote[iatem eji adeptus. SeeSigox, de jure Romano. cap. i, - * 



C H A P. IV. 

% 

% 

6f the Marriages of the Romans. 

• f 

C ' — • 

B Tfore we mention the Burials of the Romans , 

I think it proper to fpeak.fomethjng of th^r 


i 


■ 

- f — 



i 


~ w 

Ch 


IRoinati Cutiofitffsi 


: •' m t* 


Marriages, and of the Ceremonies, obferved by " ** 
them on fuch folemn occafions. All civilized Na* 
tions have been, religious obfervers of a form,and 
manner ofjoyning of Men and Women together, 
to prevent the great diforders which might other- 
wife happen,and which Nature teacheth u$ to ab¬ 
hor. They have all thought,that it concerned the 

good and noblenefs of our kind, that the Male and 
Female fhould not come abruptly together, led 
only by their brutifb appetite, as the unreafona- 
ble Bealls, but that they ftiould obferve a decorum 

in this weigh ty bu fine fs. • ■ / ,. 

The Ceremonies of the Jews, Turks and Greeks , T 3 y Ku 


and all the Eaftern People have been related in 

other Treatifes: we (hall here only let down the happy!lnd f uc . 

C u fto ms of the Romms ^ and feme few particulars ce ^f U i faWoo~ 

Of the Greeks manner of Marrying, Mentioned by fag. 

their Authors* * * ^■ * 

The Romans were wont tofeek the Women in Thiswascalld 

Marriage, from their tutors and Parents, after 

that they had obtained the Virgihs confent. 1 hen m g t fp on fus 

if their defires were granted, the Father did fo- ^fponfa, 

le mn ly protni fe their Daughters in Marriage, and two^rfous 


Man did like wife engage himfelf 


When the betrbthcd 


u,c t.xati ~*o“o-' AtA tabula Kupm 

Age grew corrupt,for the more fecurity,they did Ui , 

write thefe Con tradlsorPromifes ofMarriage in Annubus ponu 

Records, called Tabette. and certain Witnefles,na- bus vocabttur. 


med Si 


did fubferibe 


them 


The There 


Bride-groom did then offer to his future Spoufe ™ 
Gifts, as well to confirm her in rtie opinion ofhis m 
affe&ion for her, as to oblige himfelf the more to 


two forts of 
wives in R am t A 
Mater famili - 

Ik 


was 


the accompliflimentof Marriage. Hedidalfode- nanled cm* 

liver or fend unto her an Iron or Golden Ring,to 

_ r „x:.L fl 1 A /naTOna^ 


exprefs that lafting Unity which ftiould be be 
tween the Married Couple; and the Spoule di< 
pttt ,it uppn that Finger of her left Handy that i 




nScd‘ 


otherwif© 


Y 


next 



I . - 


- v r 


l-: 





■ I" 1 mi 

340 




* '• 


of 


Book IV 


next to the lealt,* becaule there is a Vein in it * 
wjiich hath a dired conveyance to the Heart Af 

ter ^ rds the y appointed a Day for the Sole'rani- 
rifllm ^.^7 w 7 h e fB P erft i tio ? s “ the choice of the 

mail. T™ ? * or they imagined many days, as in the 

Month of May-) and the Nones of every Month &c 

to be unfortunate feafons for Marriage.Now there 

were three federal kinds for Marriage, V/vs, Co* 


emptio, and Confi 


if the Woman did joy 


%ptU from j} cr fof to a Man, with or without the confent of 

becaufe her Parents, and abode with him conftantlv one 

appearcovcr'd 1 w ,i c ; h f out ^ then became his 

SETS lawful Wife, ufn by ufe. When ihe was' thus mar* 


Vail. 


ried, the cuftom obliged the Man 


away, or fnatch her 


carry her 


of the bofome of her 


Coemption! 


Vifne mihi tjfe 
perfamili * pie< 


Mother, with a feeming violence, and the Virgin 
did feign an unwiliingnefs to depart.This was the 
ancient mode of Marrying, eftabli/hed by Romu¬ 
lus after the Ravifhment of the Sabines Daugh* 
ters. The next manner of Marriage was by Buy- 


* 


for the Woman delivered 


the Man 


per family piece of Money, cling a certain form of words. 


terfamili 


fit 


SJoU. b y fame word 


She likewife did exprefs her Will 


Afterwards the Man took 


his pofTefljQn, by joyning hands 


This 


Sim- 1. 1. c. 9. h^ftn y , SaV t the f Wo ? an ri 8 ht toali her Hus- 

bands Eftate, therefore it was the cuftom, when 

Pdtreatio, or !" € ent 5 , r d «to his Honfe, to fay, Vbi tu Caius 
gratia, in ego Caia. The other manner was Con far re a- 


Djfat real to, 


'orce. 


m ego Caia. The other manner was Confarrea- 

^,1° named, becaufe the married couple did 
publickly eat together of the fame Confecrated 
.Bread, before ten witneffes, before the Altars of 
the Gods and the Chief Priefts. This was the 
mo ft ficred kind of joyning in Marriage. Now 
More they came to t&is perfoxamee, they did 


■: < • 


Ch 




Roman Cucioffttesf 


34 * 


jelt confult the Augures, and imploy the Sooth- «• 
layers to know the Pleafure of the gods. After- g c ‘ VU<n- 

ward they met to accomplifh the Marriage, and coelibarfc 
then the Virgin did commonly appear covered j m is called 
with a yellow * Vail, and the Man with a Javelin oea guirti01 

in his hand. With the point of it,he parted the 
hair of his Spoufes head,to exprefs how (he entred w^ne. 
into the prote&ion of Jutto, unto whom that 


III* V/JL IVUIVIVM W*»v « •/» mm 

xprefs how (he entred jfvelincf ° 


into the protection of Juno } ] unto whom that 

weapon was con fee rated. After thefe Ceremonies, *Somefaytha* 
they Crown’d the Bride with Water-creffes, and ^ T c ° a r r c r ^5 


cloathed her with a Ihort Coat, called Tunica , befort the 

girding her about with a woollen Girdle, which Bride, hence fs 
was not to be loofed until Ihe came to Bed.Three ductrmmm , 


Bride-men were ufually appointed to condud her ^ marry. 

home 5 two to lead her,and the *other to carry ™ e ]rJSor 
theTorch of Whitethorn, or of Pine-tree towards f aces j U gales> 
the evening. Plutarch fpeaks of five Torches that hence thcMar- 
were ufually carried before the Bride when (he rlageis focal 

walkt to her HusbandsDwelling. At the entrance, Ie ' 
fome were appointed to befprinklfe her with Wa- Un ^ r uxor, 
ter \ and Ihe was obliged to anoint the Polls of 


ppointed to befprinklfe her with Wa - Un ^ 
ie was obliged to anoint the Polls of W* 


theDoor withOyl.Then theBride-men lifted her ca j os acCin ^ 
over the Threlhoid, and the Company did cry pinus bonores . 


out with a loud 
congratulate her: 


Thalajji 


Thalajfi 


to LivA.i.Virg. 


In her going thither, 
d fpin, were carried m ina pianta* 


the Inftruments needful to fpin, were carried miM pi ant ^ 
with her, that Ihe might not flatter her felf,with Lucant 
the hopes of an idle life. The Keys of the Houfe they did pray 


were prefented 


her at the Entrance,that Ihe to the gods 


might thereby underltand how the Houfe was men £ 
committed to her Care and Government. It was S?° k 


The Water 


alfo the cuftom to offer to the Bridegroom,& to and F j rc was 
his Bride, at this time, Water and Fire. At their to be touch’d 
arrival, the Bridegroom did welcome her arid her by both,p/«.-_ 

0 tarcb. 

The Bridegroom gave Nuts to the Children’ j therefore Virgil fa ith Sptf£$ 


Wntc nmes. 




Y 3 


Friends 



. Aj 


A 


* ** " 


34 * 


3 Crsatffe of 


Book IV 


ptfcmiu Friends with a Supper,according to his quality-^ 
camha, were then the Bride was carried to Bed, the Images of 

£n^ b nf nC feveral gods Iead i fl g the way before into theCham- 

Marriages. be . r ' ^ be next da Y ber Friends did fend unto her 

Gifts and Prefents *, they were called NuftiMU 

P6HS Kuptia- dona And the Husband did make merry with his 

tia, are alfo Kindred , This was named Repot ia. This was the 
Tokens Cent by ufual manner of marrying or the Rowans .' 1 here 


the nbfcene 
Songs of 
Marriages. 


* . » 


* » 


POHS Nuptid 


tia , are alfo Kindred , This was named Rep 
Tokens font by ufual manner of marrying or 1 

die Men to were feveral Laws enabled to tye men of an anci- 

hear^The' ? nt N? bilit Y not to difgrace themfelves by marry- 
Gretas hadf al« with the V ulgar fort, 
fo their mtlv- J* 1 the time of Romulus, they did not obferve 
khiet Sa&, fo much Ceremony in Marriage: For the Bride- 

Bridebvhlau- gr0 ° m > and hk Bride > d « dared their Union, arid 
Jifuf Youths. P er f°rmed what was required by lharing in the 

Alex. ab. Alex . lame Bread and Water. Th e Lacedemonians did 


Uhl a Sa 

fentto the 


lib . a. cap 


alfo Marry, by eating a piece of Bread, that had 


been divided by 9 Sword 


Some other Greeks 


When all the 


complifhed this bufinefs,only by joyning ofHands, 
brby drinking to theBridein a Cupof Wine:But 
all Nations haveobferved an Order & Ceremony 
in Marriage, without which no Union of Man and 
Woman was lawful. The Greeks in fome places 
did bring the Bride home to her Husband in a 


Marriage Ce- Chariot,& then at the door burnt it, to Ihewhow 
remonies were ihe ought not from thenceforth to gad too much 


performed abroad 


Bifo 


the Romans made any contra&s 


• - - -} -- -UAJ y wu 

Tvas El of Mar ^ a g e , they did know the Virgins Dowry 
ptia innupu, or Port i OI h which was firft *promifed by theFc- 

dotem dicebat) ther. All Marriages in Rome, were performed in 
. ■ < ■ ^ mittebatv the Evening when it grew dark. 


• \ 


CHAP. 





* *1 




Gh. 2 


* 

Raman Cwtiofitiesi 


343 

<t», ■ 

... 



* 


CHAP. III. 


Of the manner of Divorcing the Roman Wives 


jML' wal Promife'of toye aud Loyalty, as well 

as upon the Laws of Nature.Reafon and Religion 

do tecomtnend unto us, the prefervadon of it,and 

of that. good correfpondency which proceeds The Nirura! 
from it. But when this moral union is diiloived ^ n ] on ma y be 

hot only by art apparent breads ^ ^ ? i • j» * ^ 

alfo by a Peftrudion of thofe tilings, which did but «hf. 

firft caufe and entertain it j When Chaftity, the “ utl « 
only Principle, upon which tins kind of Union is 

grounded, is banilhM from the Marriage-B6d: 

It is lawful for a Man tq djfmi^s his Wife, Chnft 


Arriage 


Union eftablifhed upon a mu 


Natural 


from 


be 


Death 


I 


judged it 


fo, and all the Laws of the world have 


deem’d it neceflary in fuch a cafe 


give way 


a Divorce 


But becaufe Men might notnpoa 


every flight occafion, and every frivolous diftafte 

run to this extremity, the Laws have provided 


run to this extremi „. 

Ecclefiaftical Courts, which are only able to 

judge of the Truth of fuch Reports and Mil- 

carriages. 4 mongft the Romans , the Cenfors only 
did declare the lawfulnefs of Divorces:For before 
the Woman was feparated from her Husband,he 
acquainted the fe Magiftrates with the Begfons of 


Maxim 


lib . 2. 


vd 


their Separation 


Now Authors 


* 

repudium mit 
tire , or recun 


kinds of Divorce; the one before Marriage, named dare, or mine 

Repudium , which often happened when the South- r ***™* m to 
foyers did declare any Marriage to be likely un- f^JgeSarci- 

nulas dixit li- 


fortunate 


In fuch 


cafe, the Form of wards 


ufed by the Men, in difmifling the Women, was benus & exi. 


Condi time 



The other kind was pro- Juvenal.^.* 

Y 4 p erI y 


I 

* • 


__ 1 ? .. 




- J . ic W ii. 'Lr* 




J . 


.344 

* 

w 

Gel. lib* 17. 


3 Cteatftc cf 




■ 

Book ly. 


e 


'CdY.Sigon.l.i. was, 

■ at ' 9 ' */W> y ufe only,had been abfent from herHusbands 

maM.u.1. ^ the m y , ear ’ k was lawf “t 

for any, orfor her Parents, u/nnare cm, to take, 
|ier to themfelves. Diftrrcatiq, which was per¬ 
formed in a kind of Sacrifice, in which they atfted 


and all the Solemnities of it. And as there were 
three manners of Marriages,there were alfo three 
ways ofDivorcing.tyi»y<«w «/« cafitmfr, which 


fifgtrat juv, 
5 s t* 


'ftcth L 1 r 
A$naU 


S 


her to themfelves. 

► * 

4 1 


i 


9 t 


9 


was 


ce 


.The 


Man did then fay to heroes tm tibi habeto, or 
Rss tu/U tm agito, meaning her mundum mpliebrem, 


s _ ' 1 ■ • It was alfo the cuftom iii 

fuch cafes,to break in pieces theContrads of Mar¬ 
riage,to reftore the Dowry,to takefrom the Wo¬ 


man the Keys of the 
Doors. 


oufe,and to put her out of 


I 

I 


^ - . 


t > 


‘ - 


j • 

r 


CHAP. IV. 


V \ 


4 • 

Of the Funerals of tF* Romans. 



* 

f appears by the Ceremonies obferved at the 
Funerals of the Romans t and by their care of 


^ie dead Bodies of their Friends that they had 
fome fmaH hopes cf a Refurre&ion frorp the 
dead} otherwile they would net have been fo 
mindful of the prefervation of the Aihes of the 
deceafed, nor fo Religious; in cauling the Relicks 

pf the dead tp ly peaceably in their Graves,with* 




7 


Howeysfthe corruption of the 

"' f; r 15 "' ‘ ' ' 'M* 





it 


I 4 * 


J 

7 


eh. 4 


Eotnatt Cutlofltlc^ 






f 7-gj g ±aass sa 

potency! We may nevertheless fee how cither 
Smances or funeralRites which fuppofe a Re. 


34S 

7 ** 1 




forinances or funeral Rites which fuppofe a Re- 

farre&ion from the dead, and a fotuce appearance 
of our Bodies. This «iay better appear by thefe 


5$ 


if by thefe 
hen a per- 


inb^odopenedhis'ownmouth, and received info 

ilosy hU E^es when he wSdeaf Sevendays 

f mmmonlv aDDointed to keep the Body be- dihat dtgtto 

KSESB. s&sss 

were wont to meet about the de __ X? ^ receive the 


expirmg 
vas dead. 


Friend, and 


frequently to call upon him 


And the PolUnlto- *** ft 


res did walh 
and anpintit 
ceafed to the 


breath of the 


U&C4U1 Ul u*w 

rnrefullv over with dear water, dying perfon 
Afterwards they carried the de- and tout his 


ceafed to the Entry of his Gate, placinghis feet ^ jnoin(rf 
and his face towards the ftreet, m the Robes that thc B0 a y with 
became his degreeand(qualitynear itan Altar hoijc^ and_ 


was eredted, 

% A 


offer Incenfe for the Soul of the melted 


deceafed,and the Doors were hung with fome ex- 
preffions of Mourning. The Noblemen had their j s c^ua 
Gates covered with Cyprefs branches, becauie CoU 0 cat hear- 
this Tree is dedicated to'Thito, and became it poris. 
is of fuch a nature, that when it is once cut, it 41 ##^jk*' 
will never bud again. When the eighth daywas ^4 U ^ ium 
copae they lent a Cr.yer about,to invite the Peo- a g mtHS 7 m f orii 
pie to the Funeral, which was called micerefmus. t nim fpeftat 


I 


tftille At' 
s&mor 


copae 


m 


h port am rigidos calces exttndit. 
the Entry of every great Houfe 


Senec.'& Pttfi 

This Alrar was dedicated to Jupiter, at 
Vlin. lib. 16, c.35. They who had care 


XT**** aiLf# iw.i - 

provide for the Funerals, were call’d Ubitinani ,}J grte!Long* 
to the Terapl-e of Fenus Libitin&i where the^rwofth .. 


> 1 



When 

t-S 7 t 


** \ 







M 

'L ' 
>«? 


V 

M 


34 * 


a Cresftffe of 


Book IV, 


Si: 

ff" 


^ e n®? £ , h ? Peo P Ie were ready to march, the 
dead Body lying upon a Bed, adorned appording 

to its quality, was carried out.: The poorer for? 

were content with Ferctra ,a certain Bier. Before 

march d the Siticinesjn ho founded aTrumpet,or a 

p lP /; r, re t ol,owed b V women, called 

the ! r bu , finefs was t0 % the Praifesof 
the dead, and to lament for them. The Kindred 

did commonly bear the Body to the appointed 

Finer! l ir l r {e deceafed was rich ; otherwife Men, 
called refpillones , or Vefpa, performed this office. 

uner r ai * °f the Nobility, all the Anceltors 

■ r , ^ be deceafed made of Wax, and all themarksof 

r° Ur u W , h ' Ch he had deferved in Ms life, toge. 

&C£,. If r hha - manumi/red ServantSjdid go before 

fofov Funerai tile ~° r PS In great State. After the Bodv, the 

£hes to pa- nc,xt Kindred and Heirs of the dead followed in 

E£&f«*•' : Mourn i n f Apparrel, the Men with their heads 
fUL: ’ r r °ff d f 1 th f woman uncovered in theirhair, 

%uti. ' f “ e * 4 ™’ Where the Heir,or fome for him,did 


form 

Rites 


$Xtqiite u ft 

Wien do *\ 


£%i1' 


r 


declai 


the praifes of the deceafed 


After the 


' ? r t tIQn . th t ey fometime carried the dead ,Body 

Pomp, the a<dc .{, 0U ^ 1 i !ut . w l len it was enafted that 

Qthm wete !l 0J l e , “ be heard in the City, except the 


Pdrri£> a the 

others'. __ ;3 v ^ vv 

aamed r«- Veftal Virgins, the Emperours and fuch as had 

g£‘Z , def 5 r ved the Pubiick a particular efteem by 

ealled Vyf 'i ; *£j ir worthy and generous behaviour, that cuftom 
i.vheH it burns, , ^ cea fe. When' the Body was to be Buried, 


it is named 
■ftogHs y after 


did ceaie. When' the Body was to be buried, 
they carried it from the Rofira to a Pile of 
Wood, raifed on purpofe, round about flood 


S'4 »- * e Hek of the deceafed, with hislce Jurned 
dm Ay a of all * rorn the Pile, did fet fire to the Wood with a 


> the People 


the Body was placed upon it, and 


manner of 

ftveet wood 


J° r , ch i Whiift it was in a flame, the?ntfoa 

filled Che A(r with lamentable out-efies and Songs 
in honour of the dead. In the fire they did caffi 

■ ' . Cold 


in honour of the dead 


i 


I 




M 


jaomatt CtttiofitfcS 


347 

*\» ’ 


Gold, Silver, Garments, and fuch like= th g 
which the deceafed made ufe of m « ’ 

they-did alfo as a fign of grief, cut off the Ha r ot 

their Heads,and burn it with their Friendsdtwas 
onen the EyTof the Dead, as he lay upon the 

Wood and to fhew unto him theHeavens,putting pj ece <rf 

into his Mouth a piece of Money, which was to Money is cab 

be given by him to Cfc^.for his paffage mto the led *** 


/ 


^Fields. As the Fire 

Dlace to give fatisfa&ion to the Infernal gods. preparc todfe« 

IL,. 7 ' Cnniptimes for the fame sufluam* 


nlace to give fatisfaftion'to the Internal gods: cpare to dj, 
purpofe they executed Slaves an p wqnr in chamtis 

nour of the deceafed •, but when they were want- ^ ^ 
ing, they did tear their own skin, and cut th lr He h ^ 

RnHif^qro nleafe the Infernal Spirits. Afterwards, ^ eat u. 

this effufion of Bloodjvas prohibited to_Women, Uv.lib. 

* 


and 


much expreffion ot forrow 


When the 


wood was conFumed, a Prieft collefted the Aihes 

and Bones of the dead Body, which he did three vg u ^ m ^ 


timesfprinkle or purity 


WlllVll A*'- W1U uiivv vg lljfuM 

fair water,and then r \ s tY go habtx* 


carefully laid them up in a Pikter, named Vrn^ 

Afterwards one of the mourning ^ lamentation* 

out with a loud voice. Meet, that is Ire licet , It is Tr ,..„, * ^ 


lawful to dep 


When this was heard, the 




Company did take their farewel of the-Relicks of ^ ^ 

H f a C ddbg thl /xpreffion, W'MW” th “ «***''* 


in the order, that Nature frail appoint 

faid, they departed, either to th« 


This being . 

Homes, or c&ufmm 


Friends and Relation 


IdlU, Lll.ty XXTOB fllictmutt 

to the Houfe of the deceafed,where a Supper was 

nreoared for all his Friends and Relation •, and ?amt ano,to 

Ernes the Heir caufcd feme raw ikflr to be thcHon^ 

given to the poor, this was named Vtfce/ am .And deceafeJ| . 
the Houfe was'cleanfed by the Evifceratores ,.and 

K * 3 

» 

4 





* 4«> 1 * . 


. • . % 9 









4 


34 8 


a Creattfe of 


Book Iy. 


Or Dimalis. w a PP ointed for the Dome- 

When thefe , Jj™» caded Vemcales ferm ; belides the Nohlec 
Ceremonies had Plays celebrated for their falcee T ,1 n. J | 

were omitted, Sepulchres erefted.in which their Ur’nf ^ 


the burying 

was named 
Sjpultura in- 
ftpultq. 


manded tomourna whole year,during which rim» 

u was not lawfulfor them to receiv fnotherH^’ 

band: And if they did, they were lyable to the 


-F H * ri <ro/A.’ Hymn 

rlX rTy%: '* ** 




‘ 0 wV. Mtt. I 


ter omen 


timereu Bubo, LetUi eitrmttefecit. 


CHAP. V. 


Of the eipptrel of the Romans. 


Apparel, and 




Men fevera 1 forts ofHabits 


and their Qualities 


7 


The Romans and 


diftingui/h them 


lized Nations have had different Janrk nf n " C 

ss»« 6 Si 

“ 9»»«l « cl* laudable «£££*&[ 

amongli 



Ch 5 


&omatt CutMties 


amonaft us. But I fhall not undertake in this place 


349 

% i 1 


to juftifie the diftin&ion of Apparel from the 
childifti feoffs, and ridiculous afperfions of fome 




It (hail fuffice to teil you how the 


Men and Women were cloathed amongft the 
Romans- Thefe were the molt noted Robes of 

Men : 

pallium, was a Cloak in ufe amongft the Greeks, 
tyalliolum, a little Cloak. 

Amphitapa, Veftments having a Fur on both R 0 f in . 

fide s. 

Sagum, was a Coat of the Soldiers, put over rent manque 
their" Armour. > vi ft us ho ft is 


their"Armour. 

Chlamys , was a fliort Coat ufed by Soldiers and 
Children, 

Temila, a Cloak for the Rain. 

Abolla, Lana, and Ricimnm , were Garments of 

Souldiers. 

Subucula , was a Waftcoat or Shirt. 

Patagium, a precious under Garment. 


Vunico , lugu - 
brt immutivit 
Sagum. Horat. 
lib. 5. 

Sagum ru- 
brum erat. 

Juft. Lipf. 1 .2. 
de milic. Romi 


Sapp 


pair of Drawers open at the Vocabmr 


Knees, fuch as the Eaftern People and the Moors t hebic * c } la,k 


do wear 


Carbafns , a rich Cloak. Epig. 

Stragulum , was a Garment to lye upon, as a Juftin 


mys. Apul, 
Martial. 1 . 
Epig. 83 


\ 


Felllbut & 
laxis arctnt 


Carpet, &c. L e . 

sAlitula. Chlamys, was worn by the %oman 
Children until the thirteenth year of their age. bwbi: 


The firft Garments were made of Skins 


g e * brachis. Ovid 

The Trift Jib. 7- 


Heathen Worthies are often reprefented cloathed £ Ie S* 

•. , • . r_:_n..L ucl _ -.Tunc 


with this kind of covering. But there was a great 
difference fa the Veftments of the Ancient Hea- ? m k 

thens; the Greeks did wear a Pallium, and from ra a 


the Romans 


thens *, the Greeks did wear a Pallium, and fr 
thence they are called Taliiati, the Roma, 
Gown Toga, therefore they are ftiled Togi 

fome of the Gauls Breeches, which gaye them 


igitur 
s, nunc an* 

iy purpu- 


therefore they are ftiled Togati •, 


1- 


name 








3 Cwattfe of 


of Brae 


Book IV 


Every Nation fco'rned to bor 


# A difficult 

bufincfs. 


row their Habit from anothers Invention. It is to 
bedefired that our Engltfh Nation had the lamege- 

nerofity our Tradefmen would not lend lo often 
into France, to fetch from thence their ridiculous 
Modes. I could wifh, for the benefit of our Coun¬ 
try, that the Women would alfo find out fome 
*• Mode, which might fo pleafe their fancy, that 
they might not change every day, and enrich the 
needy ft rangers, when fo many skilful and expert 
Natives want Bread for themfelves and Families, 3 

only for want of thateftcem which It rangers have 
got amongft our Ladies. 

The Romans^ as the Spaniards, did wear one fort 
of Habit, only their Magiftrates and Perfons of 
Eminency, had the liberty to tarry on their Gar¬ 


ments the Badges of their Office 


Therefore 

Jag a in is 
go to War 


War they did take a Sagm 

tioned before, which was 
thgm to handle their Weap 


It is true, in 


» 7 a ihort Coat men- 
more convenient for 

ons. In Peace they did 


their Toga^ and the honelt Women 


Garment called Stola, only the new married W 


long 


mitr Togata , men,of an ordinary Eftate, did wear a Toga pur a, 
a wnore, anc j when youths wereefcaped out of their Child- 

It was of a hood, they were admitted to wear this To?a pur a, 
perfea white, which was alfo firnamed Recta, Libera, or Virilis . 

"it The Pcrir ° ns of <l ual ^y put it on with much Cere- 
was /badge of mon yo and rejoycing. It was the Cuftom to takd 

liberty, there- it, and put it on firlt in theMarket-place,and then 
fore called the Youth who was ftiled Tyro, carried a piec£ 
libo-a. 0 f money into the Temple of the * Goddefs of 


carried 


money into the Temple of the * Goddefs of 
>uth, as they did when Children were born, 
Hit buy a } and when they did dye, to Venus LT 
ina. The young Princes were wont to give 


piec 


lib. 7 . 

But ton. in 


bitina 


Juvtnta, Youth, as they did when Children 


TUtrU'capu. Largeffies and Plays to the People on that day: 

* * Seventeen years ofage was the ufuaf time to take 

this 


• . s 


a *- 






Xi • 

Ch 5 


Ionian Ctttfofittg 


this feadge of Manhood, fometimes fooner at 
* Fifteen years old, and fometimes before,as the 
Perfons were eminent in quality they claimed to 


if. 




♦1 r 


* * 




themfelves 


o 

V 


liberty-.than the common in this 4$ 


cafe 


Before, the Children did wear a Gown 1 


bordered with a Purpl 


e 


and therefore it was 


tailed Pretext a 


The young Virgins had a Gar 


of that name (until they were marriedjwith 


fome final! difference in the make 


And the Ro 


IOUIV X Lllui 1 V4X i i V^l- wUvv 1X1 VUV UiUlkw, ^ C/Tfy/f *,*tt\* 

man Magiftrates were diftinguifhed alfo by * To - voc & mift 1 
ga Tratexta. Therefore Valerius Maximus informs Apian, lib. 9» 
os, how they did lay down their Pratextam, cap. 12* 
which was their Garment of Joy, when they were Cu)itL 
about fo fad an Office, as to condemn a man to ^ n ^atL * 

death. Propeat. lib> 4 * 

Toga purpurea , was an honourable Gown of El eg. t„ 
Purple, which the Roman Senate did commonly 
fend as a Prefeat to Foreign Princes, in token of ' 

friendfhip. 

Toga fordida , was in ufe amongft the Rafcali- Lis nuntpuamy 


ty, who could 


be 


the charge of white 


nunttuamy 


Gowns 


And when any Noble man was ar- W 

4 1 • f \ r 1 r L LID 


Mart 


raigned fpr his life,he appeared in fuch a foul fort 
of Garment, to move his judges to pitty his con¬ 
dition. 

Toga pulla, atray or lugubris, was a: mourning Q 

Gown ufed in funcrsls. When the Hinpire 3t- voc&utw pub* 
tained to its greateft power, the common fort did Uca. Martial . 
wear this dark fort of Garment, and the richer ^-3 tye *49 
another called Candida , which was of a Ihining 
white. But we find that this latter fort was car- Unifies feme 


ried by fuch as pretended to Offices -and 
Employs in the Common-wealth. Th 


That all the and 


JpOi 

aid. 


People might underftand who they were, that did 


tmha 


fpeaks of this 


occultant fife, in Aulular. Alt 


Pull at or urn 
Qui vefiitu &, 


delire 






'■-I 


* • 


« r • 


VT 


351 


8 Cteatffe iff 


Book IV. 


None was ad- defire the Office, they took upon them 7W 
the romped Candida,, and therefore were flamed Candidatf: 

tors, but 1 fuch Hence it is,that a Competitor, or a Student in any 
as were judged Science, is called Candidates. Their cuftom was 
worthy bythac at fuch times to appear humble before the People 
Magiftrate, an( j t0 f a i ute every one,* calling him by hit name- 

vera in the" and tbat tbe y mi g hc tbe better know the P ro P« 
Affcmbly. name of every Roman Citizen, they had fome bo- 


vem in the" and tbat tbe y mi g hc tbe better know tbe proper 

Affcmbly. name of every Roman Citizen, they had fome bo- 
* That is No- dy acquainted with the People, to fuggeft unto 
mncUtio . them their names, who was called NomencUtot . 

They did befides to win the Peoples favour, di- 
ftribute Money, which was called Congiarium , by 
certain Men named Sequefters or Divifores , be- 

caufe they were to be eleded by their fuffrages 
and plurality of voices. 

Toga pitta, was ufed by fuch as were led in 
triumph after fome notable Exploits, & glorious 
Victories. Befides thefe Gowns, there was alfo 
Toga militarise which they commonly ufed in the 
Field, when their Armies lay in the Camp. Tog* 
domefiica, was a Ihort kind of Gown proper to 
the Houfe. Toga forenjis , was another fort, pro¬ 
per to the Lawyers. It feeitis it was the neateft 
cidant arm an d moll excellent kind, be^aufe they were Called 

logic* 


by excellency, Togati, who did wear it. 


Under thefe Gowns 


the Romans wore a 


dr Auguflus 


_ * 

Garment named Tunica, aclofeCoat much like 

_ % • 

unto our Doublets, with long Skirts y fome were 
without Sleeves, others with Sleeves , fome were 
proper to Senators, as the Laticlavia, adorn¬ 
ed before with large ftuds of Purple, like Nail- 
heads. Others belonged to the Roman Knights, 


i t w - o ' 

clavus. Hence as the ^ugujHclavia, a Garment enriched with 


they were n; 
roed Augufii 


lelfer Ornaments than the former. 


The or 


eUvii.it was dinary fort were plain, only fuch as Were in 


called Re ft a 


tended for Women, reached to the heels 


and 


* 


* 




Ch.j 


Eomati CutioGrteg 


* —' * 






t' * 


1 • 


fuch as did belong to Men, no further than th e»»rf 


Leg, or a little lower. 

j mint, nnpfijU Gtllit Ciftiftro 


Gellia Uto , 
that is, a Prieft of cybele, who 


Ttirntb* /• 3 * 


ifla where the ntyfteries of tybele were hid from the People 


Tdmatia Tunica , was 


beautiful under-gar 


fent by the Senate to the Princes who were 


their Friends and Neighbours 


It was fo named 


becaufe it was richly adofned with Palm-leaves 

of Gold. . 

Manicata Tunica , was worn by the molt efremi- GalPd Mam 


perfons 


we mult alfo note that fuch were It at a by P lout* 


cloathed with Silk, therefore Sericam homo , or l l c “™ 
Metadata), fignifi.es fuch ati one, becaule this _ 
Stuff, and that fort of cloathing was proper to Sj^Tac 

Women. . . 

The Common People went abroad in Tamcis, 

as Perfons of Quality in Togis *, therefore Tacitus 

calls them Pop ulus tunicate. 

Trabea , was an honourable garment which only 

the prime Officers of the Roman Empire did wear. 

It was like unto our Robes of State. There were 

three forts of them : The firft, all of Purple,was 

dedicated to the Gods. The fecond, of Purple, 


The firft, all of Purple 


dedicated to the Gods.. The fecond, of Purple, 

with a mixture of White, was the Garment of 

Kings, and after them of the Contois, when they 
fate in their Tribunals in the .Army. The third, 
was pf Scarlet and Purple woven together. The 


Augurs were cloathed with 
their Obfervations. , 


when they made 


41- vutwi vawiwaw* , 

The Women had fome Garments,a little diffe- The reituou* 


fenced from the Mens 


their Turned, which Women,did 


‘“ v w *«« 7 : Ihcw nothing 

but their faces hi piiblickj whereas the Whors difetwered their ShoAjdeg 
See hoy at. Matron* prater facitm nil crntre pojftsjaura ut LatU <J, 





tegenm 




l 


X 


did 


f 


I 




.* 


354 


9 Creatin' of 


Call’d pallium 

or pall a, quia. 


did fall down 


their heels 


Book TV, 

They alfd 
Men. But 


• S 4 


)re a kind of Cloak or Mantle as the Men. 
hath been the cuftom of judicious peopl 


diftipS-ih the cwoTexa; bVSrffi of 

Habit. Therefore, as in Greece, and the King- 


Therefore 


do ms of ACia, fo 


Roman Turifdidions 


Italy, the Women had garments peculiar to them 


for ornament than ufe 


Such 


their ftola, which was a long Petticoat. Indufu 


undergarment proper'for Women 


Or a pair of 
Drawers. . 


for Men 


M 


Supparus, was a kind of under g 


ment, by which fome underltand a Smock. Ca - 
wi, was an ornament of the head. * Zona, 
Girdle which they did wear, until they were 


ctflus, from 
hence is in- 

eijlus. 

Alien/ ^cuvl/jj 


*Itwas named pitium, was an ornament of the head 


married 


hence comes the Phrafe Zonam jot 


deflour a Virgin 


Mitra , was an ornament 


Or Calantica. 


o.d. of the Head, proper to Women. Their Hair 






tyed up with Ribbons called fafcU, tenia, or vitu. 
Reticulum , was another attire of the head • as alfo 


From lienee is or Reticula. When they went to be married 


Tlamwtarii, 
fucli as did 
make this at¬ 


tire, Nubentes 
fmmto vela- 

bantur. 

Copa, was the 


they had commonly a certain Veil called Flamme - 
ui. And as our Ladies in EnglandyXhc Roman Wo* 
men were careful to make ule of fuch comely or¬ 
naments^ as might rather add to, than diminifh 
from their Beauty. Theie things were commonly 


covering of an the head 


ufed for that purpofe 


C^/o»4,wasaBodkin for 


old Woman. 

* Called crina- 
lis . Ipfa caput 

dillinguit ecu. 
Claud. 


actu cum margarita , was a long Pin with 


Calami (l 


& 


a Jewel at the end, fuch as the Morifco Ladies do 
wear in Barbary 4 CalamiBrum , was an Inflrumejit 

made to frizle the Hair. The Women common¬ 
ly adorned their Hair with Jewels and Pearls, 

•—- P er cjue caput duSH lapides , per coll a, ter armOs. 


homo, was a re- They had amongft them Tire-women named 


proach a- 
moog/l the 
l mi ant. 


7 fe cades. 

The Men 


v . 

unlefs fuch as were fick 


went 


about the Streets with their heads uncovered, 

unlefs 


1 ^ 4 -/ < l ’ W 


C.r - 


•-V,* 






k-r jl/LV c •..**> 



B * 

Ch* K 


* t 


Eomari CutfoStics 


33 ?iff 




Qpor umbrae ala 


unlefs it be in the Rain, and violent heats, then Called Vttafm 

they covered their head with their Top. Otf u ^tT& 
Adrian it is reported, that he would never luffer j ongos habitHS 
his head to be covered in the coldeft or hotteft & flammea 
weather. In Journeys they covered themfelves frmit. Juven. 

with a ‘J’arafcl. Oraunents ''’’ 

The Romans did wear two kinds of ShooeSjSote proper t0 Wo . 
and Calcew. Solea was like the Sandals of the men, Golde * 1 
Capuchins y the bottom of a fhooe, tyed with lea- and Purple 

them ftraps about the toes and heels : It is called 

pallica and crepidula d crepitu , from the noife that ^ nat€ 
it made. The Shooes were either MulUi,Lmulati, UngUli plants 

VncinatifPerones or Cothurni. Lmulati calceiyWCie Mart. lib. 2 . 

certain Shoes that did reprefent upon them,or un-1W *>• . 


der them, the figure C, or a half Moon. 1 
only proper tothe Senators. Vncinati calcei 


It was 


ufe amongft the Souldiers 


they 


alfo 


were worn on* 
ly by Priefts. 


named Caliga. Many of thefe Shooes did come up arctoMicrs 

the leg half way, in the manner of Boots. Some Wore’’ 
were adorned with precious Hones, and other or- white Shooes, 
naments, others were plain. But of all thefe kinds and Men black. 

of Shooes and Garments, you may fee more in 
Ropnus-y and D emitter Hi. 


CHAP. VI. 


# 

Of the Customs of the Romans in Eating. 

■ ■ - ;+ / 

I N every" Countrey there is a great difference, 51 

in the manner of lying down,and taking thofe praniim i , 
things, which are neceTary for dur fuftenance. pinner taken, 

The Turks feed fitting, as Taylors. The Jews did 

Beaver, Coen a a Supper in the Evening, Co mfrath is properly a drinking i 


ter Supper, which was much ufed in Mr* 

Z 2 


lye 
















> •' 


3f6 


3 Cceattfe of 

lye down upon Couches made 

Europeans commonly eat fitting 


Book TV 


purp 

Tab 


>ole, 

»les. 


The 

But 


my defign in this place, is only to defcribe the 
Roman manner, and to mention thofe words 

which may give us a perfedl underftanding of the 

Authors, which fpeak of their Banquetings and 
Fealls. 

The Men did The place where they dill eat,was named Cana- 
cat but once a culum^ from Coen a ; as our Dining-room, from 

fcldora^twce' Dinner ’ becaufe the Supper was the chief Meal of 

but no more / is ours. It was alfo 

Children and ftiled * Triclinium^ from three Beds, which were 

Women did placed round a little Table Handing in the middle. 

tat three times Before Supper they commonly wafh’d their hands 

new iVtop of and face > chan g ed their Cloaths, and took off 
the’Honfc, as their fhooes, that they might not fpoil the Beds. 


alfo 


Houfe 


the 


* 


*/ _ / — 


the When the Table was furnifhed, the Mailer of the 

of the /i’wj. Feafi: compelled all thofe that were invited, to fit 

himtu m ' or lye down, by * pulling their Garments with 

fame kind of violence, which was interpreted an 
.. _ exprelfion of kindnefs, and align of being wel- 

Vlx tdtigtrt come - * whereas if this action was performed 

Sot make a° wit * J indifferency v and without earnellnefs, it 

item welcom* was a that the Mailer of the Houfe cared 

cot for the company of fuch an one. Such as came 
of their own accord, & without invitation, to aSup- 
JS t cubit6 n- per,were named MufayEliesfnVmbrd.ThCGutfa 


vix 


vtftm, is 

toot make 


Cubito 


fnanttt trefa commonly lye upon the Bed, leaning upon their 

The middle left elbow > witb their upper part raifed up.There 
ms the place were tsv0 or three on every Bed; the one at the 
of hohour. upper end, the next had his head leaning on the 


ctifus mtdb others bread, fo was it of die third 


t. ^^ftSjWkere many hundreds were invited,Cou- 

aicaij. lily. t. AeciMtbdt urn in trmUtnmti, Set&tid.l i.Amor. Eleg. 
fe s»it ^placed upon die Table to as well as to feafpn the mcaw, 


In public 


C£faf 








dies 


t mL i P i 




\ 


A 


^ r 






r • 


Ch. 6 


Roman Ctinofiticsi 


n 3 
< - 


^ l' 




phes were made capacious, and fit to hold four of, Hungr 
five at a Table. When they were thus ready for “™j|? 






their 


Victuals, they adorned their heads with 

^ m m A ^ I * 


Garlands of Rofes, and other pleafant flowers, to were faid to 
refrelh the Brain,and preferve it from the ill con- have ulctdtos 

Sequences of the excefs ofdrinking.and the power- • D “W* 

fill operation of the Wine. They did alfo for jJ m . bomllf 
that purpofe,bind their heads with inlets or Wool dedifticonvi- 
and Linnen to Hop the Veins of the Temples, vis hire, 


Hop 


Veins of the Temples, vis hire, fas. 


which convey up to the Brain evil vapours, that Mart.iib 

difturb it. They did fometimes make ufe of Cole- P* 2 * 


CUh- 


wort-leaves, when they were refolved to drink ft orac toa . 
much*, for as our learned Herbal ill hath taken noint the head 
notice, there is no greater enemy to Wine, or to * n !?• 

the operations of it,then Cole wort, and Cabbage. c ™> ?“jgJ 

Their Supping room was ufually adorned with the diJ-yebits, wte 
Trophies and noble Relicks of their Predeceflors^ joyning to the. 
as the other part of the Houfe named^raw,was Triclinium , 

with their images. ' ; ^ ,-V" 

; ■ ■ Vnptrt lib. • ^ 

Pel tibi Medorum pupnaces ire per hofies^ / ' ^Itg. &• - • 


t 


- „ * * 

Piel tibi Medorum pngnetces ire per hoftes^ / 
Atque ornare tuamfixa per dr met do'mtim. 

* ' ' * ' 

* _ . • 

- % 

In all {lately Suppers, there were three fer 


* » 


• 


t • 


* 4 * 


• • # 


♦ 


f * 




vices or parts ; The Rrft was called Cuftatio,Arite~ ; 

or ^ Promuifis. It was cojnpofed ofTnch 
Dilhes,as did whet the appetite, and prepare the * ntiquis no i 
ftomach for more corroborating Meats. The nift mulfopri- 


Fruits moll 


feafon, were then ferved on the mmfitimft 


Table with Eggs, Salads, Oyllers,Sparagus, &c, dabant,Rafm. 
The - fecond Courfe was named Coena ■, becaufe it 1 ca ^* 

was the chief part of the Supper,and the principal , v 

Difh ,of it was called CaputCcen^^ov fundamenthm . ; r: 

cm& as the firll was the Proemium , and felt’ 
the Epilogue. In the laft Courfe,they prefented 

nponthe Tableall manner o?Fruits,Cream, but 

efpecially . • 


f v* V 

» / i - > 





Creatffe of 


fe. 


Vx 


Ss? feu Specially Apples, 


b'itii p m „;,K i'CT,**«“«*» « they did Egs in tm 
V 5 ot/o di /»*- ^heir Suppers were fo ordered, that there 


Boob IV 

n thefirft, 


^raning 

the end. 


the convenient time between each Courfe todifeourff 


/ # 


• ♦ 


% 

Neverthelefs 


ofpleafant matters. It was not lawful to mention 
any fad accident at fuch feafons, becaufe there is 

nothing that helps djgeftion fo much as mirth,and 

nothing is a greater impediment to a right ufe of 
Meats, tnan fadnefs. They did therefore banifti 

from the Table all melancholick humours,and 

fuch things as might excite them. 

In the flourifliing ftate of the Empire they were 
very expensive in their Suppers, ritellius. as Sat 


expenfive 

Gluttony* the informs us, had a Supper where two thour 
Gluttons were fend rare and foreign Fifties were preftnted upon 
■firoawed A. the Table and feveral ftrange Birds fetch’d froi 

Snicoftm, th n e r S “ ai / of. 1 Gibralter, by Galleys fent on pur- 

pofe to tranlport them to Rome. And that they 


mentioned by P° fe L t0 tran fport them to Rome 


Sutton, a re ' might not burden their Stomacks, with courfer 
Wiled hy our fort of meats, and negled others more plealing 

Sfzte*'lT their P a,at€S ? it was fometimes the cuftomin 
ers, they do. f., entrailce of Supper to give unto every one a 
come every little note of the Names of the feveral Difties 

Spring in pur-prepared for them. There were feveral Officers 

^devour fPP^ted at Feafts, named Ma £t fter fcr,bcndi, 

them. Ppjomt , ^Dinbitor , Set [for Chir onomant a , and 


» — — ^ 

them 


*Diribitor 




f 


parptor 


Strutt or opfc 


Scijfo 


" Chironom(tnt<z r and 

was the Garniftier of 


the Feaft,who adorned the Diffies with all manner 

of Flowers andjjleafant Garniftiings. Jtfeems the 


Caryers and 


arnilhers were inftru&ed how 


• ■ % 


pttabittitr, 




3 j ■ ^ Wltll ceremony, by perfons 

who made it their profefllon to Ihew fuch as would 
learn. Blow in every Feaft there was f a portion 
for Mercuric, whofe Image was placed at the 


there was f a portion 
lage was placed at the 
we have already taken 


entry.of many Houfes, as we have already taken 
notice. Andthaf they might pleafe the ears with 
|rateftjl founds^ as \yell as the Pflafe with dainty, 

meats, 






' ~L 




X 


t “ 


Ch. 4 


Roman Cui'tofitiea 






/359 


meats, it was the cuftom to have a Confort of 
ftlufick*, fome of their Inftruments were named of which mca{ 
fiydratda \ the word doth make many conjecture, was given to 
that water did contribute to the found, but I the People: k 
rather Imagine, that they were fuch kind of In- ? s taken for an 

ftrnments of Muftck as they mfed at Sea, taen- ^ ‘ffercaa 
courage men to fight, or to drown the noife of rt^taym 


dying Souldiers 


Our Trumpets, in which fome perfe&Suppe? 


of our Nation do much delight, are derived from 
the Romans . 


dubU, inwhich 
there werefo 


In their Feafts,.they had pleafant Boys out of many 
Alexandria , and fair Girls, to give them all man- that the guefts 
ner of delights, which they fancied. The Girls did fcarco * 
C.aAir in Snain were famous at Rome for knowofwhich 


of Cadiz, in Spain were famous at Pomelos 
their fportful humour, which they exprefled ih 


famous 


great Banqu 


many forts of Veflels to drink 


At fuch times they made nfe of 


It was a common y?vnov 


cuftom 


to have a Horn enrich’d with Silver or ed*\ MurrMnt 


ClUCWUl^ tv I v UX 4 W 4 U VUA AVI* M IT I —* — - ^ A 

Gold, but their common drinking Veflels werfc feline,for 
made of the Earth of the Iftarid oiSamos, ofBeech- Vlin y faith, -■ 
Tree,01ive-Tree,Glafs,Cryftal of Amber,Black- that Pompty - 
Stone, Silver; Gold, precious Stones, and of was thefirft 
dead Mens Sculs. This laft kind of drinking- £ 

Veftels was m ufe efpeciaily amonglt the Scy- ouC 0 fp ar tbjjk 
thians , and the barbarous .Nations. For when nh. 27 . cam* 


the barbarous .Nations 


For when nb. $ 7 . cam 


they had deftroyed their enemieSjthey caufed their and Proptr. 
Sculs to be cleanfed and tipt with Silver,for them ^*4*/^“ 

to drink in.This infolent cuftom was feldom pra- r t H^ 0 lli a 

Ctifed, unlefs it be artiongft the Get<e y the Hurmi , da jock. 
and other Northern People. Thefe were the Scordifci i 

I /-> I . f. 


in Par - 


1 ' 


and other Northern People. Thefe were the Scordifo in of-! 
names, of their ordinary drinking Veflels : Calices : f^ usc ^ ltm 
pterotiy or pmnatiy or alati , Cups with ears, u:uu ant av u 


Trnella , was a deep and a large Cup 


Trulldy or Truella, was a 

pxQper for Husbandmen 


t avt- 
Amn> 


PhiaU , was 


lefs Marcel 


Cup* Cymbium was like a Ship ^ Scyphits ^wasano 
ther fort of drinking velTeftcome from Greece\&c 


Z 4 


They 












i 


u • 


!' i 


I • 

K : 


i:. * 
. * 

jli : 

l » ‘ 


;; ; 

! 


r 

! • 


p: 

i * • 

i *. 1 


r * 

!.|i 

» 1 

!|l 

! 

? * 
!: 


: 


-I 


ir 


t 

U : 

♦ « 

> \ : 

I i : 
% 11 • 

. f ■ » 


i i > 

t * i 

i i t: 


! 1 

:- 1 1 

• < * 

i < 

/ I 

U\ 

\ i'¬ 
ll \ 


i-i i 

* T I 


1 * i 

k > I 


i i ‘ 

J! 


I 

t •«» 


3 5o 


3 Cieatffe of 


T hey had feveraI forts ofWine in rcqueft attfo TO; 

ot«w «»«», f ome Wine * e y P erfumed with fmoak, to render 

quia opimius Itmore potable and pleafant to the taftej but Plim 
confui morm doth not efteem itwholfbme. 

ilium induxit. 

Tibul.rl.-2.E1. i. -L: r . r • . 


Book IV. 


See Ro fa til Nunc mihifumofum vet exit proferte Falernum 

rntrto 0 , i?-' C '«»>&» & Chio folviU vincla cado. 

is that cup 

which they It feems they preferved their Wine a very Ion? 

£lt‘, “ while with fmoak; for fome fpeak of wine an 

1,B ” d I ed years old. ^ Itsmay be that the wine was 
before they not 1° 'Old as the Velfels that were marked with 

went to fleep. fuch a Date. Vinum Alban urn was very famous at 
?.* . ° f as Vin dt U CuidgdK at Ww. Ciudad is a 


Cuidad 


Vprg lib.i.Au- . e ne . ar AParfetls, that yields moft ex- 

ritus. Wine, it colls at Paris twenty (hillings a 

Honor nr in QU3tt. 

iSaintariafo- from the Romans is come the cuftom of drin- 

vuayoca an- _ Jung Healths, which was hrft a kind of invocation 


They did " ; P ro P er to their Gods and Emperours, whofe 
chufe in all navies they often mentioned amongft their merry 
drinking corn- cups, with many good wifhes. At the conclulion 

Meeting, they did drink the Cup of 
JLipe?dw. ^heir .good Geniusi which was the fame with that 
?UnM^c&% tf Jupiter fofpimor, otherwife called Poculm 

" baniAei. This cuftom was alfo among the Greeks, 


j . * 


SophocL 


Y * 


* A 


-- /. « ♦ 


V 


1 1 


kravcitoire £ dtc$ o 

/ ♦ - 

"Zraydb t&tx 


» ! j s 




K 


r « 


i - • 


* » 


k. ; 




i 


Ch- 7 


Ecmatt CticiofitffS. 




0| 

bin 



CHAP. VII. 


t 


0f the Roman jiffemhlies, appointed for TMick, 


Jfi 


T 


H E Roman Ahemblies were either Concilia , cmitia a cat- 
when there was a feiedt number met toge- undo. 


ther, or Comitia , when all the People were called 
to the meeting. Of thefe there were three forts; 

Curiata, Centuriata-y and Tribiita 7 all of them 


were 


named Calata* for a publick Cryer calo fignifies 


walk’d about the City, to warn “them to anap- tocaU. 
perance. . , . _ . 

The Comitia curiata , were, when the People 
^were leperated into leveial Parilhes called cttri & 7 
to confult of Publick Bufinefs, and give their 
Votes. The City of Rome was divided into thirty 
Curia's, or Parilhes, by Romulus *, afterwards the 
number increafed,when Rome began to enlarge it s 


bound and Dominion. 


Unto every Parilh there 


was a publick Hall,a Meeting place, or Temple, 
where the Parilhioiiers did come together to per¬ 
form their Devotions to their Gods: Over every 
Parilh an eminent perfon was appointed, as well Call'd cm* 
to keep the Inhabitants in order , as to fee the 
Worlhipofthe Gods duely adminiftred. Thefe 
AITemblies Were firft appointed by Romulus , to 
approve of the Kings, and chufe Magiftrates, for 

the Government of the Empire, and for the ; 
confirming of Wil^s, which are to be fgned in 


All forts of People belonging to the Parilhes, , , 

were admitted to fpeak their minds,and give their of 

Votesjas private M^n^ Magiftrates, Senators, and 

•• • generally 

% ^ 











VT: 


9 €mti(e ef Book iv. 

generally all Free-men, who did live within rhp 

bounds of the Parilhes. The place appoin ted £ 

their meeting, was the great Hall of Juftice 
ca led comtwm, near unto tjie publick Market’ 


their meeting 

called COmitiut 


They aflembled, when they were lawfully called 

by one of the Magiftrates; and before that they 
came together * l — ' 1 


iAuj 


were to make 


their Obfervation,and approve of their meeting. 

and of the bufinefs* who were alfo to be thfcre 

prefent; But in cafe any linifler accident hap¬ 
pened, the people did then defire the chief Magi- 
j rate there prefent, intercedere y that is, to hin¬ 
der their further proceedings for that timeTor the 

Romans were extreme fuperftitious in the obfer- 
vance of all Cafualties. 

The Suffrages anciently were delivered viva 
voce * but afterward there was a Law made, to 

eX ,? r j fs e , veiy ones mind in a P iece of Wood, 

called Tdella. If any Officers were to be chofen, 

they had as many as there were Competitors, and 
they caft into a Pot that upon which the name of 

him was written, whom they intend to favour 


With their Vote 


But if a Law was to be 


r "i 


tifne J§h 
tts. He 


% 


(ted, every one did receive two TabelWs from 
the Diftributors, named Diribitores \ in one there 

was V R , that is, Vt Rojas, in the other was a 
f. great A. The former fignifies a full affent to what 
was required, the latter intimates the contrary , 
_ the letter A did Hand for Amiquo.'They caft 


r that which they did Ufa wfflaCterf 

- # ^ £7 1 ^ ^ . I « ^ 


that fuch a 


of which they were taken to be numbred by the 

Nbtigem, or Cnftodef, certain men appointed for 


Law fhouid be Nongemi , or Cufiode^ certain men 

that P ur P ofe - The voices were : 
in the«8 tttic th epluralicy did obtain their defires 


Ltgis 


inac purpoie. ine voices were nunibred* and 
the plurality did obtain their defires. The com¬ 
mon Cryer was wont to declare what had been 


decreed, or who had been chofen 

“ 4 ‘ - V \ . * 


It was nqt 
Iawflil 


Chi 7 


Eomatt CunoGtiesi 




lawful for any, except the chief Magiftrates to 




prefer a Law 


Only the Pmor,the Confute, the 


fnterrex 


the Decemviri* the Triumviri 


the 


DiBator , the Tribunes of the People, had this 
power granted unto them. When they intendred 

any fuch bufmefs, they caufed their Law to be 
well written in Tables, which were to be hung 
up publickly during three Market days, for all g at iodkiw 


men to view,and confult about the neceffity of it. 
But before he went fo far, he ask’d the advice of 
feveral Men experienced in the Laws and Cuftoms 


of the Ro??vms 


He did 


imploy the The Prayers of 


Juoures, to fee how the Gods would approve of the Aug) 
it, "and propofed the matter to the Senate, were nu 

to have their approbation. All thefe things being s 

performedptheMagiftrate did recommend at their not f ? ..«. 


pertormed p thelMagiitratedie rccommena attneir not favourable 

publick meeting the Law to the People, perfwa~ obnmeiabat . 


ding them 


byafpeech. Sometimes 


~ J - • Pr<GY02dtlV£ 

oppofed by Men of a contrary judgement. Thus or ^ 
after that the bufinefs had been fufficiently ex- bus, was that 
amined, they proceeded to underftand the will of whofe name 

the People. In the mean while, it was lawful for amemtm 

_r j-L. _ at :Ci CnrWtA nvominofirm ft lSCSlIC 


after that the 


the People. In the mean while, it was lawful tor 
any of the Magiftrates to forbid the examination ^ blu C „ 
of the bufinefs, which they did alwayes do, when tl n, f rom 

* . . • 1 I • /• 1 f" 


any body 


taken with the falling ficknefs at hence 


that time, or when the Magiftrates * obferved ^hatis, dt 

any unlucky figns in the Heavens, or when 

the Augures did * bring word ofany unfortu- This is called* 

nate Omen , as of Thunder, which was alwayes mchtio,ftr- 


nate Omen , as of Thunder, which was alwayes mchtio, ftr- 
efteemed unhappy. When the Law was approved it ltgm,figtrt 
in this manner, it was graven in Tables of Brafs, fg' c!dM 


and laid 


up 


publiffied, by affixing it i 
the City. 

The Comitia centuriota 


the Treafury of the Empire, and confultw they 


places of re fort in declared who 


Codful. 


the Peo 


pie were met together in Centuries, to give 

. their 

♦ * » 




3 6 4 

They made 


a Creatffe of 


their Votes 


Book IV, 


Now a Century was an hundred 


Votf, wh"a ry M u e . n > ponging to one of the fix Clafles, into 

they did num- whl . ch Sennm Tullius divided the Roman People 
her them. This was done according to every Man’s Eftate: 
therefore pub- The firft Claffis was the richeft and the moil ftfl 

htllnfoT ficient9 ” one was admitted into it, unlefs he 
Suffragium. was worth above eight hundred Groiyns,as every 
ciafftci vou- man of the fecond was to be worth above an hun- 

dred, fo proportionably of the other ClalTes. * 
Lrt.eS. .Jhe Io weft fort of people werenamed ttnmcm- 

onsof Scho- l m mntnet, rnen of a fmall Eftate.In every Claffis 
Jars in the were many Centuries reckoned j fome mention 


licum ptinttum ficient *, for 

is taken for 9 , 

Suffrage, was worth ? 

claffui vou- man of the i 
bantur. dred, fo pr 

From hence The lowel 
are the divifi. r\ ; 

onsof Scho- /'« homtnet,\ 

fcrsinthe ; were many 
Sdiods^am’d 139 in all. 


Schoois.wnfd 139 in all. When they were aflembled, the 

Sh 0 K n r« 5 e S !ura ‘ lt y ° f Voices in the Century carried it; and 

by thetn,are ^“ en tne Votes of all the Centuries were col- 

pikd cUffici Med the plurality alfo carried the choice. Over 
Mtbom .* every Century there was a judicious and coura- 

ubantur .* 1 V °“ §| ous P. er .^ 0Q appointed, named Centurio , as over 
emurionum °fthe City of London, in every Qjiar- 

vitis y was the f er there is a Captain. There were many belong- 
Centurions ing to thefe Centuries, who did not dwell at 


every Century there was a judicious and 
gious perfon appointed, named Centurio, 
the Militia of the City of London, in every 


as over 


mg 


Militia of the City ot London, in every Qjiar 
there is a Captain. There were many belong 
to thefe Centuries, who did not dwell ai 


otR ° me ’ butin places far diftant from it: They were 
‘ called together t° cleft their chief Magiftrates. 


Kitfinus 

Appian, 


t 


Firdutlldn is 
reus, is one 


The firft Confuls were created by them, the Cen* 
fors, Praetors, Proconfuls,Tribunes, or Colonels 
of the Army, and feveral other Officers, were 
chofen in thefe AfTemblies,fometimes in the o- 
ther.They did alfo meet to judge of Crimes com¬ 
mitted againft the publick fafety,as Treafon. 


guilty ofTrc*. When any perfon had difgraced the Roman name 


> 


fon. 


and the Cen ft 

blotted out 

* 

had no more 
Afiemblies. 


had taken notice of him, he 


of the Roll of his Century, and 
liberty to give his Vote in thefe 


They all met with their Weapons out of 


(he City 


place dedicated to fome God, and 

hallowed 



!• • . 


Ch 8 


nottuitt CUttOfittS 


. ✓ I 




♦ ' 


3 6 S 


hbllowed by the tytngu 


(The Campus Afar- Mars auguJU 

V * ^ * m 1 m JL4 A 44 A/* I 


tins , a large fpot of ground given to the City by f* 


rmvat 


- - -r. • 1 ''W 

CM Tenatia, a Veftal Virgin, was the common f/ . CUud . 

Rendezvouz of the Romans on fuch occafions. It in this place 

was fituate without the City, near the River, ww fcvend 
and in it were many convenient things ®d Pla- ™ c ‘ * • or 


fuffr 


Rendezvouz of the Romans on fuch occafions 


uwc umuj .&y;7 ‘ T. med fepta 

exercife Youth, in all manner of Martial L 


SP Whileft the Roman People were thus affembled 


ovilia ,to fepa- 
rate the Tribes 


Arms about the Tent' of one of their chief Et mi [ ,r 


Magiftrates, who 


always to fit there 


Tudge or Prefident, there was a Flag hung out on 
the top of the Jamculam, and a Guard of armed 

Men placed there. f ‘ ... _ , 

Comitia Tributa, where the afiemblies of the 

Wards or Quarters of the City. They did meet 
either in the Field of Mars,oi in the Capitol , or 
in the Circus Flaminins, when there was urgent 
occafion, and when the Comitia centttriata, or 
curtata, were not permitted to affiemble, either 

becaufe of the unlawful days, or becaufe of fome 
ominous figns in the Heavens, that threatned 

them. 


culavit ovilia . 

Roma* Lucan* 



CHAP. VIII. 


Seven 


Of the Roman Magiftrates . 

9 

% 

R OME was at firft a Monarchy. Seven 

Kings fucceffively reign’d, until Tarqmms 
Super bos was banifhed for hislicentioufnefs. He 
endeavoured to recover again his Right, by the 
affiftance of the neighbour Princes: But the Senate 
and People did oppofe him with fo m\jch animo* 

fity, that he, and all fils Friends loft their labour* 

■ . " m 








■-J 4 -i. ’ •* 





3 €«atffe cf 


Book IV 


in compelling them to receive him again. The go 

warn then agreed to govern their Affairs, partly 
in the manner of an Ariftocracy, and partly as a 
Democracy : For the Senate and Supreme Magi- 
ft rates nil d m fuch ajmanner, that the People 


fuch 


had a hand in moft Affairs of confequence. So 
that as the Rowans were compofed of feverai diffe¬ 
rent orders of Men, they could never fubmit Ion? 

tr\ on *^111 . O 


Arifiocracy , unlefs 


had degenerated 


Tyranny, as Machiavel obferves upon T. Livius . 
This may eafily appear by their frequent mur- 

murings, and the Jeditions of the People 5 for 

When the Arifiocracy did gain upon the Demo- 

c ™ c h ai ]d that the People felt themfelves over¬ 
burdened with cruel addons, and grieved with 
the feverity of the Nobles, who kept not to the 
golden Rules of Moderation, which were only 
able to preferve Peace, they did caft off all re- 
lpect to their Superioursj and break out into an 


open Rebellion 


But all differences were ended 


again, when the People had obtained fuch privi- 
ledges & fundamental Laws as might fecure them 

tor the future, from the ufurpation of the better 

iort 3 & from thofe grievances of which they com¬ 
plained. The Roman Empire continued many hun¬ 
dred years in a flourifhing Eftate. 

It is fuppofed, that this mixed kind of govern- 
mentwas one of the main helps, to raife it to that 
excemve power, unto which it arrived in the time 


Of Julius C Afi 


For when there was a way opefi 


for every one to afeend up to the Supreme Aucho- 
fity, and that Virtue and courage were the great 
promoters to fuch an end, every one who had a 


little ambition 


him, ftrove to excel in that 


which fo well rewarded its owners with Honour 


find Profit 




They did all endeavour to afeend as 

T 


neas 


Ch 8 


ere born, and ii 
At firft, in fuch 


• W 


th 8. Eomait Curfofittg. 

near to the higbeft pitch of Glory,as their abilities : 

wouldgivethcmleave,inobligingthepublicUn- 
tereft by brave & worthy Exploits. But this kind 

of Arifiocracy' could not continue forever *, for in 
procefsof time,it could not be but that fomeMem¬ 
ber of the Commonwealth, muft attain to a fupe- 
riority in Power and Riches,which when it is po¬ 
pular & obliging, it muft needs make People for¬ 
get the liberty to which they were born, and in* 
fenfibly bring in a Monarchy. At firft, in fuch a 
potent Empire, it could not but meet withoppo- 
jition. In fuch a cafe,whatever fide did get the Vi- 
ftory, the Publick was fure to lofe its Freedom* 
unlefs the oppofition had been managed by the 
Publick it felf, and fuch perfons of integrity had 
been intrufted with the "defence of Liberty, as 
might not intend the making of their own For¬ 
tunes,rather than the maintenance of the univer¬ 
sal Intereft. Therefore, if either Pompeyov Brum 
had overcome, it is imagined by all rational Peo¬ 
ple, that they had never reftored unto the Romans 
that beloved liberty, which they enjoyed before. 

The truth is, that then the Empire was grown fo 
great, and the Roman Citizens fo powerful,that if 
there had not been one above them, to moderate 
their pretenfions, and keep them from Divifions, 
the Roman Empire had been often troubled with 

civil Wars. This was one of the reafons which 

♦ 

Agrippa# wife Counfellour to Augufim the Empe- . 

rour, gave unto him*to diffwade him from refign- m f ned ls b y X J tf 
ing his Supreme Authority to the Senate andPeo- mi tan in the 


See this exa 


pie 


We all acknowledge, that there can be 


beginning of 


Government fo happy as Monarchy, when the his Hiftory of 
Prince and People underftand one another well , Fran:u 
and when there is a mutual correfpondency be¬ 


tween them, of Love and Obedience 


The 


ifclri 













*1 V,£{UUI£ Ul BOOK IV; 

# 

• 1 

The Roman Magittrates were either Majorei 
or tJMinora, The ordinary Magiltrates of the 
firft Divifion, were at firft the King, the Captain 
of the Kings Guard , afterwards the Confuls,the 

Cenfors, the Praetors, the Generals, the Cafan y 
the Tribunes, the Governours of the City. The 

extraordinary were the Interrex , the Dilator, the 
Matter of the Horfe, the Decemviri, the Colonels 

w ^ y 

of the Army, intrufted with the power of the 
Confuls, and the Triumviri. 

The Under-Magiftrates, commonly chofen ^ 
were the Treafurer of the City, the Tribunes of 
the People, the Curates or overfeers of all the 

Tribes, th tzy£diles^ &c. Thefefeveral forts we 
fhall deferibe in order,with thereft of the Under- 
Officers chofen upon fpscial occafions.Whilft the 
Kings reigned in Rome , there was an abfolute 
Monarchy, they made Laws with, or without the 
confent of the People. They had a Guard of 
^oung Soldiers,called Celeres from their fwiftnefs, 
or Trojfuli , or Flex amines , to attend upon their 
Perfons. Their Chief Commanders were named 


Tr&fethiS') or Tribuntu Celerum. He was next in 
place and dignity to the King. Befides thefe, the 
Prince had 12 Men to wait upon him, called hi - 
Fiores j their Office was to punilh the Offenders, 
and put in execution the Kings Commands. Wh^n 
he went abroad, thefe Men were to march before 


him, and to carry the Fafces , the bundle of Rods, 
and the Hatchet, which was bound up, and ap¬ 
pearing at the top of them. Thefe different kinds 
of Inftruments of Jufticedid. intimate,\that fpoie 



♦ 



fioners. \ - _ 

The Roman Senate was firft elected by Romu* r. Livius : 

hu, to aflift him in the management of Affairs; Dion. lib. 
of State, and in the Government of the City ,■ 
whilftfie was iiriployed in continual Wars with 
his Neighbours.He caufedan hundred of the molt 
fufiicient and wifeft Men to be chofen out of every Pans « 
Tribe,and to meet together about thePublickBu- 
finefs: This Affembly he called the Senate. After- 
wards, when his Subjetts increaled, by the conti¬ 
nual coming in of Malefactors from amongfthfe 


Neighbours 


who (heltered themfelves in his 


Afyl 


from the purfuance of the Juftice of their 


Countrey 


7 


and when he added the SubieUs of 


Tatiuj, the King of the Sabines, to the Inhabitants 

of Rome, he chofe one hundred more of the No- 
tleft Perfons to the Senate. Tarqmnius Trifcusy tiohif. lib. 


to ingratiate himfelf with his People, admitted 
one hundred more, fo that then there were three 
hundred in all. About the time of the Cafars , 


* 

* 


there were above athoufand Senators* They were 
fometimes elected out of the Plebeian Families» 


• s 

but as an Author informs 


they were in fuch 


cafes to be firft enobled, and made Tatmiijte 


test 


A 




fore 


57 » 


. I 


earns ot Book i v. 

Fore they could be admitted. The ufual cuftom 
was, to chufe a Senator when any was wanting, 
either out of th t Eatufitian or Rotrirtan Families 


Stan. !■ None was to be admitted 




Aflembly under the age of twenty years 


this Venerable 


was fome djftin&ion 


the Senate 


Called Senator es major Urn g tritium 


ears. There 
*, fome were 
they were of 


'Alltttiwive- l ^ e ^ ace °f thofe who had been chofen by Ro 


darii Senato- toulu*. 
ns, were mean aentttim 


and poor Sc 

Sators* 


I 


Others were named Senatores minor urn 

fuch were of the Poflerity of thofe who 


ad been promoted to this Honour by Tarmimtu 


‘Prifeus 


when the Kings were banifhed 


they 


were all called Fatres confcripti . The Chief of the 

Senate, who was appointed by the Cenfor, was 
to be chofen out 


appointed 
t their nu 


to be choten out of their number, who had been 
a Conful or Cenfor. He was then ftiled Frincept 
Senates . The Prince of the Senate^becaufe he was 
as a Prdldent of this wife Affembly. It was a 
Plutarch. U Venerable Company in the beginning of the 

•vita Pyrrhi. Empire. The Embafladours of ‘Pvrrhtu Kintr of 


Epirus told him 


The Embaffadours of Pyrrhus King of 


that the Roman Senate % was 


ftcLtifAtip nrofovy cwkS'ettv 


Company of many 


Kings. They were mightily efteemed all over the 

They did fay World. It was a great crime to offer an affront to 

hoc bent fit • ♦ViAm \\7 Sion tkou «^ 


2 $ 


toe bent jit. them. When they ailembled, they began their 
in Aug?* ** Confutations with the Invocation of Bona fir rum 

As the refolves The Votes of the major part did govern. When 
6f the People the Decree was made,it was ftiled Senates conful- 

!*f r 5 r? lle “ tHtn ' They never met but in a Temple of the 
viljfXt Gods, in a Sanftificd ^ace. . 

The Power of the Senate was not always the 


P i ebifeita. 

Vtlyb. I 6 


turn. 

Gods 


fame 


In the time of the ConfnIs, the Senate 


a&ed without control y but the fucceedufg Ty¬ 
ranny of the Emperours deftroyed this glorious 
Affembly^ Their chief bnfinefs was to difpofe fcf 

all Affairs relating to the publick concerns, only 

the 



Ch. 8. - 

the enafting of Laws, choice of Magiftfates and 
undertaking of Wars, were left to the common 

People. * . . 

, • xhe Senate was wont tb meet twice every 


a 


P 5 


V 


r -. • •• 


Month 


But before they came together 


the 


Awures were appointed to make their Obferva- 
fiT When tHeir opinions were req.taW.e, jjmm* 

airofe from their Seats, and paffed over to him of ^^ the bu & 
whofe Judgment they were, and whofe advice ne f s to th& 


was asked fifft from hence comes the Phrafe, Senate. 
difadere in alicnjus femmUm, to become of ano- 

ther mans opinion. When the Members of the ^ jn ^ 

Senate had committed fome unworthy action, s c j, ? te. 
the Cenlbrs did ejicere thnt Sehatu, call him out 

of the Senate. And when any of them was 


of the Senate. And when any of them was 

abfent, and could riot give a juft caufe ofhisab^ 
fence, he was fometimes fined to pay a Sum or 

The Con fills were the Supreme Magiftratesin Confutes, 
Rome, after the Kings had been banifhed; They 
Were ’chofen out of the Noble-men, or Tatricii, 
and fometimes out of the other Orders of Men, 

> The People, in their General Affemblies, called 




The People, in their General Affemblies, called 
Comitia, did name them every year. The Law Scipio Afriet 
prohibited any to be Elected under the age of 42 v r i ^J , airTlk 


or'434 and before that they couia pretend to youn |. 
this high dignity, they were to pafs through all • 

the meaner Offices of the Commonwealth.lt Was 


difficult bufinefs for fuch 


who had be 


haved himfelf well in his Employments, and had 
obliged the Publick, by his generous behaviour,; 

to obtain their Votes at this time.In this there¬ 
fore appears the Publick Government of the Ro- 
tnani. * ■ That they might oblige every Magiftrate 
tojufticesfhd Equity, and to feek the fatisfattion 
of the Piiblick, they appointed a Subordination. 

A a z of 

9 


z 




37% 


3 Cr catffe flf 


Book IV. 


of all the Offices which were at the difpofal of the 
People *, fo that if in .the meaner Offices any did 
mifcarry for want of ability, or if any committed 
injuftice,' he cod'd never pretend higher at the 
next Aflemblies; None was to be made a Conful 


his abfence. neither was 


that: Office aboveayear 


any 


continue in 


only Marius- that br 


Roman General,was eleded feven times, and once 

he was chofen when he did oppofe the Cimbriy 

and other Nothern People, who intended the 

Deftrudion of the Roman Empire,and to conquer 

all Italy , but they were all defeated by this excel¬ 
lent Commander. 

But before the Confuls entred into their Office, 
they did Sacrifice to the Gods, and imploy the 
AngHY.es to make their Obfervations. This was 
pradifed by all the other Magiftrates,at their firft 
admittance into their Offices. 


f he marks of the Dignity of the ConfuIs,were 
bundles of Rods carried before them by twelve 


Serjeants 


before the King, and the Sella Ebur 


Chair of Ivory, placed upon an open Cha 


and therefore named Cumlis 


Ivory ftaff 


with 


bearing 


▼ 

on the top an Eagle. 


ricabathr w *hich they had in their hand when they did fit on 
fceptrum ebur- Judgment therefore the C&fars are often repre- 
»tum vti Sci- fented with this mark of honour and command. 

r The Con fills alfo were cloathed with a Purple 

Mcn^who had ca ^ ec * Trabea. Thefe Confuls did command 
b. j en Confuls. the Roman Armies, difpofe of the Revenues of 

Polib. nb. 6 . the Provinces, punifli all Offenders,call the Sena- 
cjciro\\h. 3. tors together,affemble the People,treat with for- 

cJrfns 'duo rci £ n Pri . nces ? and manage many other Affairs of 

erantmsorm theEmpire. _ 1 

difcipihaqae The Cenfors were firft: appointed to eafe the 
Ktffores. iiv. Confuls of part of their Burden j for when the 

Empire 


Polib. lib. 6 . the Provinces, pumjh all Offende: 

Cicero lib. 3. tors together,affemble the People 

ctffs'in -T® Princes > and mana s e man y< 

trLm-Mm Empire. ^ 

difclplhaqite The Cenfors were firft: appoi 

melons, iiv. Confuls of part of their Burden 


l 




Office did oblige them to look to the PubUck Re- 
venues, to take an Account of every Citizens E ^ mannerso f 
ftate and Ability, to corredt mifdemeanours and t hePeoplewas 
publick abufes. They were able to'depofe the committed to, 

Senators, to degrade the E^«,and take from « 
them their Ornaments, when they committed j ur>Bt&SmCm 
actions unworthy of the Roman name. Tins Di - ^ o^ufr. ?an- 
cipline encouraged V irtue,and prevented the mif- vm in comnt ♦ 

chiefs which Vice doth commonly bring upon a ht. 
a Nation. 


If any did negledt his Patrimony and Eftate, ' 
and make no improvement of it *, or if any 
fuffered his ground to be untillM, or was not 
well furniffied with Arms and neceffaries for the 


War *, or if any perfon negledtedhis Office, and 
fpent his time in debauchery, the Cenfors were 
to punilh them according to their delervings. By 
this means the Roman Empire flourilhed, wheit 
there was anexadt care taken to obtigeevery man 
to his duty and imploymeat. Idlenefs is a dan¬ 
gerous Vice in a Kingdom, that caufeth nothing 
hut poverty and mifery. I could wilh, that m this 

our Countrey fome order might be taken to im¬ 
ploy our Poorer fort of People^ and drive the 
wealthier from theTavernsand Ale-fioufes,where 


many fpend their days and Eftates. 


It is ftrangc 


;ha; mbit Corporations do fwarm with Begger? 

A — 


A a 3 


whereas 



« 


I 

i 


. m 


9 vtf 




ttHt Of 


Book IV 


Vi 


whereas they have molt means to ethplo'v them 
for the advantage OfthePublick. Our LaWs'are 


as good as the Remans-, atid as muchconducing'u 
the jiniverfal Intereft. But our Country-Officers 
our Mayors of Towns, have not many times thai 
Generous Spirit in them,which their Offices, am 
the general Intereft requires. We may afcribe t< 


) 



UBJiMlhHifcl.Ui 






lJ r { u [* c !_ n f e ‘ murmuring* 


Improvement pf the native Commodities of ouf 
tand, all the eyils and want, which do caufe our 


A 


• 1 


Gmfor’s Rod. n ^efe Cenfor^ did continue 

^upum, a lu- years compleat 

Or an do popth a view of all the C 


their Offices 


view of all the Citizens of Rome 


And as often they took 


If any was 


le ft; out .of. th e Roll, he was degraded for feme 

nmo m« r • r-r -k »»as no little Honour to be 


live years,be-' 

baufe the Ceo 
fors jure lu- 
firkin con de¬ 
cant & ctn- 


mifdemeanoqr 


It 


w 


named firft amongft the Senators arid the Elites : 

they were named Pritsc ;p es Senatomns, and Etftu- 
ttim. The Cenfors were alfo to take care of the 
Ornaments of the Temples, of the Sacrifices, of 


fteydid Z- ° rnat ???*» £ the Temples,'of|theSdtrificeV'of 
tier the People publics Ways and Bridges; and to fee that all 
W value! things relating tothe Publick Intereft,might not 

V! c ‘[ . Eaa fuffer any damage. Every five years the Cenlor 


L up are 


was to Inft 


% 


exercitjtm Romanvm, to purge 


view ormuft- r -r ■* . * ™ 

er or to puree Sacrifice the Army of the Romans. The cuftopi 


by Sacri 


Purge 

nces. 


was 


lead a Sow, a Bull, and a Ram round 


Cato, wasave- about the People encamped in the Field of Jtfars* 
noableCen. d ??, d ^ en t0 Sacrifice fhefe Beaftstothis God of 

for. .War. 

The Prastors were appointed inftead of the 

Confuls, to adminifter Juftice to the Publick. 

# ^ 


; 


Two were commonly cholen, Prator major , 
or Vrhanus, for the .affairs of the Roman Citi¬ 


zens 


and Prat or Per^rinus^ or minor 


Juftice to ftrpngers, Before their admittance into 

theit Office, they did fwear to obferve the Laws 


to do 


e 


# 


£ 


1 


of the Commonwealth 


The number of thefe 




$7 



8=»*»« to *^rt3^SEfWSUSSSSS»S' 

all forts of Caufes,the criminal Caufes were called Sttetfr futiU- 

C*h[* tmtalts. The Qficersofthe Court were r *rocom- ■ 

who fummoned the People, to appear Them ",* 0 ^ 
Marks of honour were a Sword and a «P ear » fof«y of the 
which were placed by them in the Court. Wto'Uto «fe 


yy 111V.U «»«v WW 

they firft did enter into their Offices, they caufed nigh 
feveral Rules or Laws to be written in a * Table, Prat 


which was to be bang’d out 


publick, to give 


fidti 


m 




la ft 


judge 


vv ..P UDU ^.;r ^ WCfCtoM 

to every one, how the Praetors dia mtena 0 f C aufe$ con* 

r e . This was called Ediftm Pmorts . At feraih* Fcof- 

certain P rhetor gave Rules for the r eff to jpeut* In truft. 


govern themfelves by, in the adminiftration Y***™^*. 
Juftice ; his Edift was called Edtttum per pet Hum- J p t0Yts fairies- 
When Sentence was given againft any Man, the wcrc crn 
Party who overcame, did .lay his Hand upon the-Jtfg. 
jofer, or upon the thing in difpute, and did fe ; n 


lofer, or upon the thing in difpute, and did ul 
this form of words*, Ego hmchommetn^ot ha? 
xem ex jure Quintum menm^ yd_ meam ejje dico 


1 > C ° '■> » Edift* 

1 I . ^ . i f ' 


then the Praetor confirmed his faying, by adding inferibemt 


addico, I do fo ad judge 


_Jurifdi£t cap 


albo: Joach* 
Stcph. lib. % 


— m * ^ 

Confute; fuf[eft i & non honor aril) were fuch as ytett e* 


lefted « the dckthVS'"werrchofen^fortheyOT, who were «med 
o X dinarii & honorarii Confutes j fo was it with all other Officers. 

The Commonwealth at laft was forced to yield 
to the Ambition of Julius Cafar 7 and his Succef- a haDDv omen. 


fors 


who were chofen Emperours. 


-- - a happy omen. 

For when ^i ctrt btno. 


the Civil Wars were ended,'the Senate of Rome, is tp deliver up 

being moved by theCreaturesofJ^»wC^,be- Ae good.of 

liowed upon him molt glorious titles, of Honour 

and Dignity, and eftabliffied him in the Supreme 


ower dhring his life.They ftiied hi 


Aa 4 




a 


Dictator 





■riieBrjiptrors pittator,- the Father of the Countrev 


for ten years 


■ IV. 

f 

Conful 


ed-piflatori 
in perpetuum 


23 


Perfon, and Etnperour 


Sacrofanttus, & Imperatorf a holy- 


Thislaft name had been 


iJed Pa- given after fome notable Victory to the Roman 


Cteft ns 


l“‘ rU and 5 et ! erals ^ theSouIdiers. Jugujha added another 
- ' . Title to the Emperours ^for after him they were 


named Jugufti, a-Sir name prop 


■ 

arid facred places and things 


tp 


holy 


called Pontifi 


They were alfo 


maxmi 


Their Power was fac 


Trhceps Ji 


greater than any other Magiftrate before,for the? 
did what they pleased without control. 

The Princes of the Roman Youth, were fuch 

as were defigned for Emperonrs. They were ho- 


K&2* ^ we^lieMr Emp^; w^ 

c'afar & tbit, nourcci with the Title of Molt Noble C afars,wh€si 
Ujpmm Cafar. theyhad been chofen to fucceed in the Empire and 

declared worthy of that Dignity in the Senate v 
Augusts brought in that cultom, which was ob- 
fer ved by his SuccelTors. In England , we have the 
Princes of W,ales. Who fucceed in the Throne to 
our Kings. In France, the the eldeft 




In France, the Daufh 


_ 

Son of the French King, reigns after his Father 


are the Kings of the 


Prafeflus 
bis , Susto 


Thus in Germany , there are the Kings of the 
Romans, who are ele&ed during the lives of the 
Emperours, to fucceed them in the Empire. 

The GQvernour of the City of Rome, was firlt 

a 


Mgufle. ph. chofen and appointed by ^Augnflus Ctfar. to 

watch over, and provide for the Affairs ofthe 
City. Unto his Office it did belong to examine 
Controverfies between Citizens, to fit as a Judge 
at the publick Plays, to do Juftice to Slaves and 
Bondmen opprefled by the cruelty of their Ma- 


/. <2. 


Iters 


to have 


eye to the publick Markets 


and to concern himfelfwith allCrimes committed 

within one hundred miles of the City. In the ab- 
fence ofthe ordinary Magiftrate, before rhmtftm 
there was a PrafettHi.yrbss, who had only power 

when 


i. v 


8 


Roman ®unoutte0 


* 


\ 




; hpn the Kiri 2 and Confuls were abfen't' in the A t every mlfc 
£ 11.% notdiofen b, the Pc.jte b,« £ 

appointed by the Confuls fobe their Lieutenants the grouad( 


their abfence 


Afterwards it became an ordi*- therefore 


nary Office 


fpecially when the Emperours de-miles is warned 


farted to Co^amfofe \ then the Governour of 


paricu w ~ ~ ■- r Limns . 

the .City was a Viceroy in Italy, the Emperours Tac - lU i^ t ^ 

Vicegerent. A.Gdi.lib* i$ 

The Interrex was appointed by the Senate, intmtx. 

when the Kings were dead, until another Prince * 

was chofen. And after the Kings had been ex- ^ 

polled, the Tide and Dignity did remain *, ror ctm conftituti 

when'a Magiftrate had quitted his Office, or ex dtemis sc 


when 


could 


fpeedily be chofen ; or net us, unuf- 


when Confuls could not be prelent to govern in 
the Allemblies, the Senate did appoint an In- bebat ^ Mis » 

ttrrex. ' ' »***»« v**** 

The. Dilator was chofen by the People, and magtfin* 

the Senate,in the dangerous times of the Common- . 


»l<v V/«i4UW^IU WIV Vr * ” *' dUdftUS 

wealth- when fome eminent danger did threaten Ko r int nb 

" ^ — 4 t . 1 - . ^ 


the State 

Confuls. 


7* 


He had a far greater Power than the p 0 iyb. tih $ 
He was named Magifter populi , there Liv, lib* a* 


iiv & J i f 7 y - - i 

appealing from his Sentence to the People. «<**'• »• 


He did continue in his Office fix months 


There 


cap* 7< 


was another Officer chofen by him to be his Lieu¬ 
tenant in his abfence, he was named Magiftcr 
equitum, the Mafter ofthe Horfe,becaufe in the 
War he commanded the Horfe, and the Diftator 

the Foot as we may fee in T. Livius. 

• It is worthy of our obfervation, that thefe 

Dictators, who were intrufted with fuch an un¬ 
controllable Authority, did never abufe it to the 


prejudice of the Commonwealth 


and that 


was a. very rare thing to fee a Citizen of 
Rome punifhed by them, either with Death or 


any fa lib> $ 


Baniftiment 


* 


The 





BooJtlv 


V 


Eoman <£uctafittei3 


^ 9 




The Decemviri, who were created with Con- L others chpfen by the Commons, were ftiled 

fular Authority, to make and eftablifh Laws- IBie0 • ■ y 



) 


tliq City of Rome, were appointed in the beginning 

ftfthp Pmnirpfrtr hliot- numnr« TU v!„_»9 


ComitiAti tribrni 


* 4 


of the Empire for that purpofe. The Kings who 



uinqaeviri mertft 




were Officers who were 


yed in the Sale of dead mens Eftatesj and werc ^ 


had formerly governed did rimtoift*^I^K^^bUckMoniea. 
according to their pleafure. But when the Ror 11 6 - ^ —-- 


***** faw into what jnconveniency they would 


Triumviri, were of many forts; there were cers,named 


fal!, if they had not Statutes and fettled Laws to 


Triumviri, capitales, called alfo trefairs. Or tre* Cottons, ViU 


govern their Magnates jj they chofe ten Men I power to impd?^ and'rdeafe out of 

tVflrninft fhp. I ^wcnf flip Af+L**i* ^44 # o«#4 I J * * ... . u n/r_1 CL-.— ^ * 



who were 


High-Sheriffs 


HOYOt, l 


Sat* 6 . 


examine the Laws of the Athenians, and caufe the I Prifo y n : t h e l y did alfo puniffi all Malefactors who Triumviri 


beft of them to be graven upon ten Tables of 


Brafs, to remain as the (landing Rules of Govern 


merit* Afterwards two Tables more were added 


fo that they were called Leves n Tabd 




Thefe Magiftrates fucceeded one another in the 


Government; for every one had the Supreme 


Power by turns: But they were put down about 


three years after their eftablilhment, and the 


Confuls did fucceed them 


forts 


The Tribune* of the Souldiers were of 


3 


fome governed the Empire as the Con 


fuls; and the others were only as Colonels in the 


Army 


The former were only chofen to appeafe 


the murmurings of the People, who did grumble 


becaufe they. could not pretend to the Supreme 


Magi ft racy, as the Patricii did, for the Senate 


oppofed the Election of Confuls 


of the 


Plebeian Families; therefore to content the Com 


monalty, they fuffered fome to be ele&ed out o( 


them, who fhouldhave the Authority of Confuls 


but not the Name *, they were ftiled Tribune mih 


i 


turn confulari pot eft ate praditi 


The Tribrni mill turn, chofen by the Confuls 


were called Rut ill or Rufi becaufe Rut Him Ru 




/^brought in that cuftoffi :They who were apt 


pointed by the Army, wheje named 



and 




Romans. Eight Bailiffs commonly at- 


tended upon them 


the Romans. 


Triumviri Minarii, were appointed to pay out f or they were 


of the Publick Treafury money to fatisfie for poor 4 ppointed 


jnens debts 


fee the Public^ 


i 


Trimviri colonu deducendc, were to eftabliih 

i 1 •_ a.L A 75_fArpirrn WoflrttlC • . V « •_ 


the Colonies of the Romans in foreign Nations. f c0( |q-s; their 

Triumviri Afonetales , or Triumviri A. A. $/£• Attendants 


F. F. as Roftnm calls them, u e . zAuro, Arg 


i 


named 


Ure, FUndo , Feriendo, becaufe they had charge 


of the Mint 


Virgatorts fy 


irt 


Con am • 


Triumviri no&umijNc. re certain men,who were Tacit, l* $* An. 
go the Rounds, and give notice, when Fire did VaI* max* {• 8 


teak 


m the City oiRome 


Triumviri Re fab. conftim end* were eftablilhed 


after the Maflacre of Julius Cafar j for when hi$ 


adopted Son OUavius did labour to revenge his 


death, and that he could not compafs his defign 


7 


unLefs Antonins and Lepidm joyned with him 


He concluded an agreement with them to govern 


divide the Pro 


the Empire between them, to 
vinces, and raife an Army, which fhotild purfue 


after M. Bruins, and Cajfius , the two molt 


powerful Murderers of Julius C*ft 


They 


pretended to fettle the Commonwealth 


7 


but 


they filled Rom with the Blood of all their Ene 


•» -t. •. 


T^TT^ 




380 


trium vi 


Steatite of 

rales, and profcribed 130 Senators 


Book. IV, 0.8 


Eomatt Ctttiontte^ 


* 1 ' ; ;i 


3 


The reft 


the Tribunes, or Colonels of the Army •, and there 




*?. 


f 4 . 

*5 


this bloody 

Governmenc 


fignifics t h e Senate continued unto them the Supreme I fore they-were named Tribumf kbit 


Magiftracy, with full power for five Years, be 


0 f A U g. Ant. caufe they could not oppofe them 

* _»!_ c __r . j . . t • 1 


their pro-lfacred 


They were perfons Sdcro-fanfti, moft holy and 


was no lefs than 


pital Crime 


and Left d us 


JLiv, l % 


> ' - 


4 


/ • K 


• I 
- i 


♦ > 


'Ttihuni pltbi 
£;y, lib. 2. 
pidnyf. Halt 
earn. lib. 6. 


ceedings •, for they had at their heels two power- 1 offend them by Word or Deed, they who had 


ful Armies 


been fo daring 


by the Law homines ft 


Qm ft ores Vrbani , or cs£rarii, were the publickI devoted or condemned^ fatto, to' be facrificed 


Treafurers 


had a Commiflion to keep the 


the Gods. Thefe Tribunes had power to * op- * Mtrctdtrt* 


Riches,and receive the Revenues of the Common -1 nofe the Proceedings and Decrees of the Senate. 

wealth from the Officers of the Provinces. At Ml They werenot admitted into this Venerable Af- 

there were two appointed, afterwards two morel fembly, but had their places at the entrance of it 

werechofen by the People to accompany the Coa -1 When any Decree had been made, it was fentun- 
" ' ‘ ■ ' which they 


fuls in their Expeditions. Thefe laft 


them to receive an approbat 


♦ « 1 


Commiftary-Generals, or as Treaffirersof an Ar- 1 did fignifie by writing upon it a Roman T. Their Sxtufl. inc&tl 
my ^ for they were to provide all things necelia -1 number did increafeto Ten, and their Authority 
ry for the Souldiers, and receive the Incomes of I alfo became greater than at the firft Inftitntion 5 
the Provinces, fell and difpofeof the Spoils of the I for they did. Enad Laws with the confent of the *£***'&*£ 


Enemy. < ' I People, and commit many diforders to the pre- 

When the Generajsdid return home,before they I judice of the Senate, and of the Confuls 


fo that 


could obtain the Honour of the Triumph 


they I fbmetimes they were named Reft 


were bound to give an account of the number of I Their Houfes were open both day and night,that 


Reipitblica. MacYob.lib.fa 


the Enemies; and of the Roman Citizens, who had I they might ferve for 


refuge to all thatfhould 


been flam, to thefe <3y<eftores Vrbani 
The Tribunes of the People, w< 


firft efta 


fly unto them for faccour. And whileft they were 
in that O fficedt was not lawful for them to be ab- 


blifhed at Rowe, when the Commons had been|fent a day out of the City, except in the Latine 


forced to a Sedition by the cruel Exa&ions of the I Feftivals 


Their Power alfo was limited within 




Nobles. They affiembled upon Mount Aventine , I the Wal 
and fent word to the Senate, that they were rer I themfelv 
folved to leave their City, and fettle foniewhere I the City 
elfe, if they did not grant unto them a difcharge I oEdil 


the Walls of Rome 


They could not concern 


themfelves with things a&ed out of the limits of 


^**^7 ** “*»vj uwtv uiviu a uuv,iiaigv J tackles, were Magiftrates who had a care to o£ diUsfttbi: 

of all Debts, and fuch Laws,as might for the future I fee the T emples and Publick Houfes in a good re- 
fhelter them from theunjuft ufageof the wealthier I pair. From tAEdes therefore. Churches and Holy 
Citizens, and certain Magiftrates, whofe bufinefs I Houfes they have borrowed theirTitle 0 ftfdiles. 


fhould be to mind the good of the People. . The 
danger obliged the Senate to condefcend to their _ 

demands 7 two Officers were chofen firft out of I ted at the fame time as the former 

the 1 


There were three forts. JEdiles flebis were Magi¬ 
ftrates under the Tribunes of the People, inftitu- 
ted at the fame time as the former. T heir Office 

did 


i 









' * %v 


A \ 


38 % 


9 mmite oif 


Boot IV 


did oblige them-to Wait upon the Tribunes of the 


People, to judge of - petty affairs, to reftrain the 


violent,humours of Creditors, to limit the number 


of tipling-Houfes, topuniffi railings, and fmall 


offences 


I 


to fee to the Weights a nd Meafures 


provide Corn and Oyl for the Provifion of the 


City, to fet a price to the things fold in the Mar 

and to dverfee 


ket 


7 


Roman Navy, to caufe 


Ships to be built, and pay the Workmen *, to or- 


A fetid 


der all conveniencies for publick Sports & Plays 


j 


qua vtheban- 


&c. tAidiles ChyhIcs were chofen 


of the se- 


tar. 


the former were' out of the People' 


theit Office was the lame, but they took their 


turns 


7 


year the JEdiles Flebis governed, the 


the Curules ^ but afterwards they obferved 


They 


no fuch order in the 


of their Office 


med 


fefti 


There were alfo in Rome, JEdiles Cercalesy Magi : 
(traces who had a care of the Corn and Vi&uals 


fold in the Market. Befides- thefe, there were 


* 


Qua 


certain Perfons called * Qaatuorviri viarim 


drumiri 


ratidarum, Officets appointed by'the Senate 


Ttnfabampba - f e e that the Publick Ways might be well Paved 


nunu 


biles 


mtffi 


fhefe Men were under the Cenfors, unto who$ 


Office the care of the Publick Ways did belong 


Afr 


amount, 


They were alte called Curators viariim. 


The 


Keepers of the SouldiersT reafury wereeftabliffied 


zndGalli a A id 5 y Cafar , when he faw it neceifa 

fend to Rome 3 s 3 - * - 7 - 


Corn every 


ry for the Safety of the City, and Empire 


year 


maintain conftantly a 1 certain number of Legions 


be di- always in Arms, that his ordinary Income wa i 


vided amongd not f u fftcient: and that he could find no 'other 


People 


Mai 


way to fufcnifti the Experices. Me promifed 


ozraYims call into the Treafury every year a large Sum 


Gaia nomine* of Money, for himfelf and SuccefTor,' All the 


£•* wealthier Citizens, and the Princes fubied to 




S> CH J i0S his command, did imitate his Example. But when 


thri 




1 


W 


- * ► 


Ch.8 


Eornan CutioGtes 


.1 f 




•Tnaas 


A 





this was not yet efficient, he commanded thht W« 


‘ftftm 


tms was wvi 1. , t jpm. numinborn 

the twentieth part of all Inheritances, and bega ml{m ^ 
lies left to perfons who were not near or Kin <.0 ^ a i 
to deceafed, ihould come into this Treafury. He cefare Mt 
appointed three Perfons chofen out ofthc T mor,- mf* 

W * B the Capmmsof the Emperours Guards were 

oowerful Men in the Roman Empire. They did cmmnt. 

wife and depofe their Matters at their pleafure, Rpm. M. 
S nd commit many Infolencies, for which many 

times they, loft their Heads 


Prttorium , was the 


7 


the Princes Palace, and 


* TwilTmZs, the Souldiers of the Empo- •£*»>«•• 
rours Guard •, from hence their Captain is Idled »*• 

frafettuspratorii. ^rr 

Prafeftut frumenti dividend^ was an Officer ap¬ 
pointed by Auguttuty to diftribute the Corn 

which he gave to the Publick. t 

tprafeBt# vigilum , was the Captain of the City 
Watch: For there were feveral Companies dm- 


yy QVVU • ^ " • p it • 

ded in the City in the night, to prevent Sedition 
and Mutiny, and a Commander over them, who 

was their Captain. _ ■ , 

The Keeper of the Emperour’s Exchequer was 

aconfiderable Officer in %ome : He was named 
AAvo$qtiuFifi 


Aivocatus 


7Z76MAN EMPIRE enlarged its^ 


Bounds 

creafe 


- T . rtmm, 1* * 

the number of Officers did alio in- j rca f ur y for 
every Year. The People and Senate publick Mcwy 


tAccute Juft ice, 

Provinces fubiedt to their Jurifdi- ^ rea ur ^ 


their Comniiffioners 


dion 
quired 


publick Monyj 

At firft, only the Pratores were re- F; y^ wa8t he 
But when they had conquered large treafury for 
Kingdoms, they reduced them into Provinces, 

and appointed, that fuch as ihould go out of their 

GonfuUhips, ihould depart into thefe large and * 


pi 'v 









TV * 




584 


r* 

f'. ■ ? '? 






Book IV. 


• * 

' Noble Bivifibite of the Emp&re* to do Jultice, 

"and manage the Publick Afffiirs of Peace and 

VromfU War. Then thefe Governonrs were ftiled Pro- 
wh either a_ confutes, fometimes they hadanAfliftant named 

^Province, or whofe °^ ce was t0 do Juftice in the 

„ Conful, ’ Province between diflenting parties. Now in the 


„ Conful, Province between diflenting parties. Now in the 
whofe Com- flourifliing ftate of the Empire, fome Kingdoms 
miflion was were fr&toridt, belonging to the Prators } others 

him beyond weEe Confutes, forfuch. as were of a Gonfuls 

the year j ora degree. Under the-Empsrours of Rome , fome 
Lieutenant of Provinces weredifpofed of by the People and Sc- 


Conful, who nate . t h e Governours of thefe were called f rom 


^cd for him his . an( j forme by the Emperours, who gave 

ViM. l. 3$. out: Commiflions to their Favourites, named 

<Proprstores. Before, when the Confuls did go- 

* Comparare vern the £ m P ire i they * agreed amongft them* 
Provincial. felves about the Provinces unto which they were 

to repair, when the time of their Governing was 

* id vocabatur expired, or when they did * caft Lots for the 
fortiri.Provin - provinces. If there was any dangerous War to 

^This word manage,' thefe Proconfules chofe a * LegatMy a 
fknifies an Lieutenant, befides he was to have a Quafior, a 


* Coitiparare 
Provincial. 


a as. 

* This word 


or a 


fignifies an Jueutpnanc, oenaes ne was to nave a sgjiajtor, a 
Embafladour, Treasurer, to have an eye upon the ExpenceS and 
a Lieutenant j n _ CO mes of the Empire. The Senate fent thefe 

° r of a pTo- 5 Prov md a l Magiftrates in very great Pomp, and 
praetor, or a appointed unto them their Attendance, Furni- 
Proconful. ; ture, Train f Army, Wages, They did 

always receive a Golden Ring amongft theft 
'Furnitures, to Seal Letters and Difpatches, as I 
ccmceive.Their Train was compofed of Colonels, 
Captains, Notaries, Serjeants, Secretaries, Bay- 
liffs,Cryers, Executioners, Interpreters, South- 
fayers, Phyficians, and fuch kind of Men. When 
they were to depart, they went up to the Capi¬ 
tol, to make Vows to Jupiter for the welfare of 

the Empire j and then vvfth their Liftpres, their 

Officers 


i 


9 


Eornatt CutfoDtfed 


V 


Offictersbearing before them twelve Hatchets,and 
bundles of Rods , they went out of the City,?*- 


ludatiy That is coverM with a Cloak, and at the 

Gate the^ were complemented by all their friends 

with many good wiflies. As foon as they we-re 
entred into their Provinces, they began to com- 


entred into their Provinces, they began to com 
mand, and the Commiffion of the former Cover 


did end 


. T i . \ • 


CHAP. 


IX. 



OJthc Roman Lam, and of many Particulars 
relating to their Judiciary ‘Proceedings . 


T is not poflible for a Kingdom 


Society 


_ of Men, to live without Laws*, Nature, and 
our Intereft recommends certain Rules of Beha~ 
viour, upon which much of the happinefsofa 


Commonwealth depends 


The Romans at fir It 


had no other Laws, but the Pleafureand Will of 
ttieif Princes and Magistrates, who did govern 
them according to the light of Nature, and thei£ 
Inclinations. But this kind of ruling is fubjedt to 
miftakes and injuftice *, therefore, for the benefit 
of the People, it was neceflary that the Law? 
fhould be written. The 12 Tables were famous 
at Rome. Afterwards the Supreme Magiftrate r|» 
commended a Law, which was called by the naifte 
of the perfon, who caufed it to be published, i£ 


would be too tedious a work to mention every 

Law of the Romans > feveral learned Lawyer 
have given a Efficient account j>f them, ds BaL 


dnintu 


‘Pompomtts 


many others 


Statute* 


, sJWanHtim , f Praieti *, &nd 

I have here Collected fh£ 

nr #* mnfl' remarkable* 1 Uftd 


which are, trioft remarkable 


eh 


\ 






which concern our prefent Eftate here in £w- 

land. 

Paphirius caufed thefe Laws to be eftabliftied: 

That nothing (hould be done without fome ad- 
drefs to the Gods. That none but the Patricii 
Ihould be fufFered to Sacrifice,& govern the Com¬ 
mon-wealth. That only the Kings Ihould com- 
mand over the Wor (hip of the Gods. That the 
Fables of their Divinities (hould not be credited. 
That no foreign God ihould be worfhipped with¬ 
in the City,be(ides Fannus. That none (hould offer 
to fpeak obfcenely in the prefence of Women. 
That all Murtherers were to be (lain. That none 

{hould offer to enter into the City but by theGates, 
becaufe the Walls were to be efteemed moflfa- 


cred.. That every Woman lawfully joyned in 
Matrimony with a man, be a partaker of his 
Eftate. That if a Wife be found guilty of Adul¬ 
tery, it (hall be lawful for the Husband, and her 
Relations, to put her to death as they pleafe. 
That if fhe did drink Wine, fhe was to be puni- 
filed as an Adulterefs. It was not lawful for the 
Roman Women to tafle of Wine 3 therefore 

when they did marry, they made an agreement 
with their Husbands, to have that liberty at cer¬ 
tain times v as when they were brought to Bed, 

when they were fick, &c . 

It was not lawful for a Man to leave his Wife, 

tmlefs fhe were guilty of a grievous crime contra¬ 
ry to the Laws of Marriage. 

If a Child did offer to ftrike his Parent, he 

was to be devoted* facer, or facrificed to the 
Gods. 

All monffrousCreatures were to be (lain. , 

In the Twelvc Tables were to be feen thefe 

1 jzvoc » 




Oh. 9 


;u\uiuati 'cuutipuutp 




That no Roman Citizens (hould be condemned 


* 

1* 




— ' IL, 


to dve, but by the Sentence of the General Alfem 


blies.That the Command of the People (hould be 


Law. That if a Judge fhould take a Bribe, he 


Was to be punilhed with death 


That all falfe 


WitneHes were to be caft down from the Rock 


farpeia . That none (hould entertain in the City 


Publick Meetings in the Night 


That if a Ro 


Citizen did encourage the Enemy againft the 


Empire 


or betray a Citizen 


punilhed with the lols of his life 


he fhould be 


That 


Father (hould have * power of Life and Death *?m*m 


his lawful Child 


That every Father had f 


batur. 


power upon his Death-bed to bequeath lusMoney p our f orts 


any Body*and to appoint Tutors for his Chil- flamentar 


dren 


If any did dye without 


WiU 




Frenzy, the Kindred and Relations were to take 

That if any • * iut . Th 


charge of his Eftate and Children 


was 


Prodigal, his 


neareft Kindred (hould go- iaftwasfuch 


The 


his Eftate when the Praator had underftood are appointed 


his behaviour 


That if a Child was born within 9 vc i f f^«, 5 


ms Deuaviuui . 1 iwi u a f . will of 

ten Months after the Fathers Death, it fhould be . deceafc 


legitimate, and Heir to the Eftate 


If any of- performed 


fered injury to another, he was to be puniihed by si injur Urn al 


his Purfe 


And if he did maim him 


of ttri fax it 


his Members, he was 


be requited in the fame gtjjSL 


manner 


It was Enabled by t/Enobardtu, That the Col 


1 


tSo. 


PA 


ledge of Priefts (hould 


indifferently 


any psrfons into their Orders, until the People 


had fufficiently approved of their behaviour and 


honefty 


It would not be amifs, if this Roman 


Law was in force amongft 


It was 


law 


fill to be at a Citizen of Rome with Rods 


to 


punifti him iriditta canf 


that 


before he 


came to a hearing 


The Senators were com 


Bb 2 


manded 


s 


388 


STof$&,*.*-* 


9 Cteattfe Of Book IV. 

*+* ' "* ' £ 0^ 

manded by the Law, to abftain from all manner 

of Trading. . 

The Tytli of all forts of Com was duly paid to 


out of all the Provinces \ and that 


VmntnUm 

afttmatum, 
railed by a tax 


was named decamp, as the Receivers were (tiled 

dec am mi. 


railed by a tax The Romans had alfo feveral Laws to limit the 

ofthTpro- 13 ^ P r °dig a liti es in publick Feafts. They commanded 
vince. " that in the ordinary Banquets, none fhould fpeijd 

Frumtntum above ten Affes^ every As being worth about a 
imperatnm , Penny Englift Money. They had a Law that m 

was corn ral- 


Penny Englift Money. 


was corn rai- \yife IhouId enjoy above a quarter part of heJf 

Provmcc for dead Husbands Efhkte. And for the better under* 
the Armyjand (landing of the Wills, we fnay take notice, tha^ 
"Fr amentum there were Wills called Teft ament a in a EracinBu 
decumanm, made by the Souldiers in the Army, viva vdce^ in 

tenths! Ina ^ ^ le P re f ence °f their Comrades, who did ;theii 
fa] it procin- (land about them in a Ring. Teflamenta calatis Co* 
fiUpttrfami- mitiis , in the Prefence of all the People aflembkU 

lias utiltgajftt together and b Teft amenta per emancipations 

ttZilTr,!*’ fmulidij which was done by a pretended Sale, if 
ni it a jut tflo, all the Concerns of a Family, to an intimate friend 
are the words of the Teftator. He is called by the Lawyers Etd- 


5 


of the Law, 
(/ell. lib. 15. 


res Fiduciarius , or Jmagin arises. 


When the other 


% • ^ 


4 • V 




1 -• 


It 15 called Teftmentumper ntxum, or per as & librrn . The Teftator niade 
over his Eftate to his Friend in the prefence of five Witnefles, holding in 
his hand the Deeds, and pronouncing thefe words, Hac nti in his tabula iF 
9 ifJt feripta pint, it a. dn } it a lego At a t eft or. Itaque vos } Quiritts, ttftimonHin 
prabitete. Sigoiulib. 1. cap. 12* * -rpi 

• r 

[b] intefteto patre mrtuo agnatis defertnr tut (la , when the Father did 
dye without a Will, his Friends and neareft Kindred did take charge 
of his young Children under age, and of his Wife ^ for all Wonrtti 
were under Tutors in Rome, Cicer. pro Mur ante y zndjLiv. lib. 34. the 
whole Efface is named As by the Lawyers,.* Therefore In tptum 
in ft itHt hs haresi is an Heir to the whole Eflate : Ex totoafe, isbnt ttn 

vm* 






• \ 


was dead, he was then Pater Fiducjaritu, and 

was to have the power of a f atherj until the GhiL 

4ren came to be of Age. - _ ft.,- 

‘ Thieves were condemned to reftore fourfold to 

the Owners: This Law was called Lex g/nadrupli, 
and the Accufers Qyadmplatores. • But it any had 
ftoln fo much,that he could not make fatisfavtion, 

he was to give-all his goods. . , , 

Their manner of proceeding in Law was thus 9 


L J *r 

* *4 

* A * 

« _ 


, ^ 

Law was thus 


• 1 


Firfl,the Plaintiff having caufcd the Defendant to 
be warned into the Court, preftnted a kind 


i 


Of 'Petition to the. Judge that his caufe might be - 

heard before him *, this was (tiled PoftnlatioPomm 


T * ‘-M % 


When 


granted, he proceeded 


intendere 


mine,MPA? 


Adioncm-p or litem *, or he did diem die ere ^ appoint c Jfeoneofa 
a day This was followed by an engagement of crime. 
the Defendant to appear, by Cd giving a Surety *, 
when the day of appearance 

was. commonly dies- perendiwh the Plaintiff was ■ ■ 

obliged to( 4 )fwear to the Judge, that he did not ac- capita 

eu£e the Vdtnd^ntcalumniandi griati^onlY toca- tio , a concern- 

himniate bim.v, On the day of 

cufatton, both,.pardes were to he present, iinjel^ (j) f 

they were (Ick *, if otherwife, they CO loit their ne u either to 

Caufe, and the Judge did give out (f) an Execution 3@a^h bE b>« 
againft the pa tty,than order to feize upon his , 

caufa cadebiti 

the Judges did (g) caft Lots, to know who mould (f) Edmum ^ 
judge of fuch a Caufe^ and then, if the Defendant remptoriumu 
had any reafon to think, that fuch Judges would (p smith 

be partial, he had liberty to(h)except againft theraj ^p c ^jf clrg 

and another v/as chofen m his room: When tne y U(dice J St 

Judge had heard the Caufe, he delivered a little Provocation 5 
, Tabella, where was written either a Roman C for Appeal • ; 

Condemnation, or A for Abfolution, or NL for 15 * 

Non liqmt, that did fignifie, that the Caufe was P • 


B b 




to 






390 


9 tEteatffe of 


Book ]V. 


Cadtre veleon - to be heard another time. 


The Grecian had alfo 


i d to ft fain or ^ ree Letters to exprefs the Sentence that was 
take the given, © for Condemnation, T for Abfolution, 
pledge, and and A for a reprieve, Now in many Courts of 
'aufme pigno- Juftice, a Javeline flood at the Bar *, they did alfo 

away t0 Cmy ^ et U P the ^ ame Weapon,when they did make fale 
y ’ of any Goods; therefore fub haft a vendere, or 
The Officers vr&coni fabjicerc, is to expofe publickly Goods to 

Of the Courts 

were Scrib<e,Apparitores,Accenft,Pr<econes , internet es, Viatores, Lifiores.znd 

^ « /t i-, •! % #■* • fl * t* « — « /i • _ * 


(arntfices 


Scrib.a, were the Scriveners that did Rcgifter the Sentences 


and Orders of the Court. They rendred thcmfelves vile and odious by 
the Cheats and Crimes that they committed to get Money from the 
Parties,. They invented a fhort way of Writing per Jiglas. Letters and 
Charaflers fignifying words, much like unto our Short-Hand y therefore 


Plutarch names them a^oygflpot ; and Manilius lib. 


Aftronom. 


Hie & Scriptor trit vtlox } cui liteva verbum eft J Quinque notis lingnam 
fuperet, curfuqut loqutntis, Excipiat longas nova per compendia voces . 
Apparitores, were Officers of the Confute, and of the Senators, who did 
attend upon them in publick, as my Lord Mayors Officers in London, to 
exprefs a State. Accenft, were MdTengers fent to warn Men into the 


Courts. Primes , were Cryers that waited upon the Quinqui viri 
wenftrii, the Priefls, the Judges and the Senators, interprets, were 
Men learned in Several forts of Languages. Viator es, were Officers lent 
into the Country to carry the Commands of the Senate. The Li ftorts 
did wait upon the Magiftratcs with their Rod& and Hatchets. Thefe 
Littms were named Speculatores in the time of the Emperours: See 
Sehec. lib . i. de ira. Carnifex, was fuch a one as we call Hangman , 
and the French Boureau, he was chofen out of the vileft fort of Men, and 
jot admitted to be Citizen, he was not to live within the Walls, but 
vithour, in a place where fcarce an honeft Family dwelt, named Suburra . 
Sec Martial, lib. 2. EP. 17. TonUrix Suburra faucibus fedet primis , 


lib. 2. Ep. 17 


$rupta pendent qua flagella tortmrn. 


Tonftrix Suburra faucibus fedet primis , 


Sale by a Cryer, the Buyers were named Settores, 
they did fignifie their defire of buying by digitum 
tdlendo , by lifting up their finger. Their ordi¬ 
nary Money was As a Penny, and Sefiertius Two 
Pe ice. Selenium a thouland Scftertii , that is 


fl. S. is the P e " ce i Seftertinm a thoufand Scftertii , that IS 
Cbarafer for Elg u ,t Pounds and a Noble Sterling. They 
Sestertius, or $4 number their Eftates and Money by thefe 


They 


L. L*S» 


PYtll. 


Ch. 10 


Roman CutiofitJess. 


S'ftertii-, as decern SeSicrtii, (ignifiesten Seller tit , 
decern SeSkrtitm, a thoufand Sefierta ; arid dents 

Sefiertiw, ten hundred thoufand Seftertn. 




* * « 

391 

*7* 


CHAP. X. 

* 

Of the Roman fP unity went s in flitted upon Of¬ 
fenders . 


* 

M 

T He lefler Pani(hments were lofs of Goods; 

which was either the lofs of all, named 
multta fnprema ; or the lofs of part, called a 
Fine or mdCll minim. *. Capitis diminutio, was they ««* 
a degrading of a Man from a higher Tribe to a ^ shetp 
lower •, which was either minima or media, to jnd 0xen> 
the lowefb Tribe,or adafhingof his Name out of 
the Romans Catalogue •, this was dirn^ 


Capitis diminutio, was They were (w 


mtio Capitis. 


Sometimes it was followed by a 

. t 


Banifhment of the Offender, unto whom inter-- vi j 

dtcebatur afus aqua & ignis, the ufe or water ana ^p 6rtat i Q 
of fire was forbidden. The other fevere puniffi- c abm. 
ments were Flaw a, Rods. The Soram , Ser- Settus flagella 


Flawa 


jeans of the Triumviri, commonly led the Of- 
fender to a Certain Pillar called Columna Aloe- 


fender to a Certain 


qdfaftidium. 


nia , an odious place in Rome \ 
tye and chaflife him with Rods. The other were 

Furca, Crux, Career , Caletts, Equate us. Scald , Ge- 


monia, &c. This we mult note, tnat when the 
Offenders were led to Execution without theGates 

of the City, a little Bell was tyed about them, to 

give notice to every one to Hand out of the way, 
that they might not defile themfelvesby touching 

fuch a one. Vat ibid u 

Fared, was a common pupifliment or the jdew eft* 

Romans they^did imploy it to difgrace an Offenr 


This we muft note, that when the 


Vatibulum 


B b 


.A 


der 



0 w 











H 


I 


V 

I 


i 


39 * 


9 Cteauftaf 




Book ]V 


Supplicium 
non majoruM 

vocabatur . 

% 

Strvilt fuppll - 

cium- 

Therefore a’ 

Slave comforts 

himfelf in 

♦ 

flant A'/)/;' «/- 

trucm m\hi 

futurm Se¬ 


der, either by obliging him only to carry it about 


the City 


by whipping him iiy the way 


Thefe kind of People, whofe uohappinefs it was 
to be thus treated, were named afterward Fmosr 
fer . They did alfoimploy the Fttrca in pnnilhing 

to death ^ the poor Mifcreant did bear it out of 

the City to the place appointed, and at certain 
fiages the Executioner made him feel the frpart 

of his Rods ; when he was come to the fatal place, 
the Executioner chopp’d off his Head. Now this 
Fmca was two Beams joyn’d together, either in 


• fUtr.hrurn , ibl Lnirca ,. Was 
ptajores mi fill' the middle 


or 


funtjater, 


the top 


Jttftus Lip fins hath 


bbavus. 


pro awn 


written a learned Treatife de Cracc, which 

Inllrument not much like unto the Furca. 


The 


cuftom did oblige every one to bear their Crofs 


<edifica 


upon which they were 


fuffer, and then to be 


the 


nailed upon it. There were many forts of Croffes 


life among the Romans , but 


wasfor 


(TzUpA YllHi* -- O wvuv 

»«», bccaufe T«e-man, or for a Citizen, only theSlavesand 

ss«Lbuilt it. Beggars were fattened to the Wood, there to end 


They 


their days 


They were nailed to this curfed 


ny kind ofPn- Wood, and an Infcription over them, fignifylng 

turn wfto U ~ the . Cr * me that brought them to this fhamefhl 
IcccpSlavcs^nd pyoifhiiicflt* The pu.blick Prifon where they wiere 


the commpi 
Ggal a$ fo 

Cebters and 
Offenders. 1 


kept 


named Career 


In it were to be Teen 


two Rooms. * Tdliamm , was the Dungeon 
where Malefactors were ftrangled 


Robur 


a pla 


of ftrength, out of which they could not 


pina*. in break forth, where they were-fometimesput 


for' Death 


Nervus 


like 


force them to 


feet were laid 


Stocks w he re.th e 


Collmbar and NmdU, was a 


work,either in P Iace t0 P llt the R€C ^ t ^ lat tefembled our Pillory, 
grinding of Codex , was a Block faftned to Malefactors, upon 

Corn,or cut- which they did ufe to fit.: Cultw, was a kind of 
ing of Stones 


punifhment due to Patricides 


They fir It whipped 


the Offender with Rods, until the Blood did gutfi 


out 


f . 





4 


4 k 


♦ *f 


Gh 


EomauCutioStieg 


393 

?75 


out of his Veins, thffl they did few him up in a 

per, and an Ape. With this fad and. loathfome 

company, they threw him head-long into the S?a . 

“ n \adZ n , was'an Engine proper to Rack and Ugnm m>. 
Torment’ Zl *“ 

vented on purpofe to force men fufpefted of a an Engine like 

Crime to aconfeffion of their guilt.I conceive this „„„ tfe.with 

En ™,.»„d«.« **'-r-*‘*“ tsar 


s 


with 




AI 


. * - • 


ftrecch every joyrit in the Body. The Konrns **£*! 

fometimes increafed the torture of the Perfons 

racked upon this En gine, by applying hot Irons 
to the Of&nders naked Body. UmnnwAVngu- - - 

U were Inftrumentsmade for this purpofeyto add . — 

to the pain of the miferable Creature,whofe nns- . 

fortune had brought him to this torment. 

There was a place called Gradus Gemomty or 
ScaU Genmia, near the River Tyber, from which - 

they did caft the guilty perfons to drown them in 
the water. Some deferibe thus the manner of this 


• * 




. * 




. - 


. • w 




kind’Of punifhment 


TheExecutionerdid fallen 




1 


V 


a Hook in the mouth of the poor wretch, and gr£C i y^r^- 
drag’d him through the Sheets fronvhisPnfon to 
this infamous place, and then catt him down f . 

head-long into the River,or burn him, as fome do (w> r 

relate ^ 

* Tunica , was another kind of punifliment. * It it called 
They did put the Criminal in a Coat dawb’d with 
Pitch and Brimftone within and without, and n Coat . Mart i A i t 


Vocubttiif ^ 




him. 


--*... .- ~ "~ 1 ~V“r " Coat. Martial 

manner caff him into the Fire prepar a tor k i 0 .Epig> 24 


• % 

s 

Damnatio ad Gladium, was when a man W-as Tertul . /. 1. ai 
condemned to end his days with the edge of the Nation. 


Sword *, either by fightin 


publick Plays 

amongft 





J - 


• . x'l . ' ^ 


• > • r -**• 

t4 . * v bUm ... *V +*ld 




i*» 47 " 




394 


a CwatiTe of 


Book Iv 


*Nmrlm tr- amongft the Fencers, or * by receiving the fatal 


tnfe 


amputate 


ta7/fe . blow fromthe hand °f an Executioner. 

rf . ’ ‘ * Damnatio ad beftiaf, was the condemning ofa 

pbarf. M an to be devoured by Lyons, Bears or other 

.. . wild Beafts. Sometimes they did expofe them all 
■i mm- na k e( i £o t h e mercy of thefe Savage Creatures • 

las the and at other times they furnifhed unto them 


lib, 8. 

Befli&rii nomi- 
nakantur. 

This was the 
common jpu- 
nifhment lnfli- 
fied upon 
Chrifhans; 
therefore 
when any mif- 
fortune hap¬ 
pened to 
thePublick the 
People did call 


and at c 
Weapons 
Beads, j 
titude. 


other times they furnifhed unto them 

is, to enable them to contend with the 

and Ihew fome fport to the gazing mul- 


Ergaftulum , was a Prifonfor Slaves, who were 
to be kept there, and obliged to work for their 


livelyhood 


Some did belong to Noblemen 


they were deligned for the molt part for the 


daughter 


delight the People in the jimh 


for them to be theatre in % htin g* They did daily exercife them 


cxpofed to felves by Fencing.- A certain Mailer of Arms 
Beads, as the taught them, as we have already taken notice. 

milter ££ ^ be h ‘ n t red f ™ m an cf «P- 

Chrifiiani ad the 7 had Bolts and Chains night and day put upon 
BeSUasy a Prov. their Legs. Many Offenders were condemned to 
Pedes annula- thefe kinds ofPrifons, that they might be exer- 
u>shabtbant& cifed in digging the Ground, grinding Corn, 

^nes * in fronts’. * draw i fi g water j and in many other laborious & 
* in Antii am Painful works. The Offenders were alfo fent ad 

damnarL. is to Met alia . to the Mines. which wa? a oripuonc 


be condemned punifhment 


to bea dr 
of water. 
Piflrinum, 

Hand-Mi] 


* drawing watery and in many other laborious & 
painful works. The Offenders were alfo fent ad 
Met alia , to the Mines, which was a grievous 
punifhment. They did alfo mark them in the 


Fore-head with 


infamous Letter; fuch were 


named Stigmatici , or literati , or nebulones fiig- 
matici. The Romans did alfo chaltife their Cri¬ 
minal Perfons with Whips as well as with Rods \ 
and to increafe the Pain, they tyed at the end of 
every thong Nails, Bones and other hard things, 
fo that many times the Patient gave up the Ghoft 

under the Itrokes. Thefe Whips were named 

Sc or pi ones. 


Some 


Ch- ii* 


Roman CuriofitieS. 


*> - 


; r '-: 


39? 


horn 


Stives &c. VUmui names them Saxofdn , and 
SS* mentions this punifhment, lib. 3 . bamr 

Kl M? (fd foiTfiet cruel Emperoursof fUr-Upc. 

R&SSfl Stf2 S3 S5 - 

3 ; 


manner. 


tap, Z&* 


The Jems had five ordinary puniihments for 
Orders : They poured into the throat ^* d 
Lead, ftoned others with ftoneS, 0 ™ ers „ tn :" stUtUrl <U 


1 


tn 


led, the Crofs was brought in amongft them by 


e Romans. 


CHAP. X I. 


Of the Roman Militia. 


I T will not be amifs to know how the Conquer 

rours of the World did arrive to that excetfive 

and how they attained to anumverfaf 
Monarchy over molt part of the known Nations. 
Their Martial Difciplme, and1 the excellent ordei 
which was eftablifh’d amongft them m their: Ar¬ 
mies, affifted them as much in their Expeditions 


as their valour and courage. 


And firft, we may 

r i__ 


take notice,that they did never engage themfelves 


rafhly in a War. 


Their cuftom was to feek all 


other means to bring their Enemies to Reafon i 
When they faw all their endeavours fruftrated,tg 











\ 






3*. - 






iWSt >. 






' * 


r 


-w . . ' 




- * 


) I 


4 * 


* 


* i 


I A n 


as 


I 4 


* > - i # 


f- 


* V » 


Aen made ufe of War, as the laft and.moft 
defperate Remedy. The Jemles, an tiijr 
of Pnetts mentioned before, were difpatdied 

with a Commiffion to declare War to the Ene¬ 
mies ; one of their number, doathed in a (lately 
Robe, with a Cuduceut in bis hand, made his 

addrefs to Jupiter, and the reft of the Gods. » 


» ‘I 




1W “ ** « c vva;> ciuicu into tfleir borders, telling 
cUfigntid vo - that he was there in the name of the Romani 


cabatur. 


Tititiv . / 


Paty. /. 3 




* furore per 
Jovcm z/mi 
bam. 


demand Juftice of .fuch 


City or Nations 


When he was come into the prefence of the Em* 


» r 




to them, with Imprecations and Curfes. If they 
gave him no Satisfaction within 30 days, after his 
arrival, hethen told them, that the People of 
Rome would deliberate about thatbufinefs, and 

endeavour to oblige them to Juftice • and then he 

did call out of his hand a bloody Javeline, with 

thefe words. In the name of the People of Rome / 
declare War to fitch a Nation. ' • ' ‘" 

When the R 0 MA NS concluded a Peace, 


they did alio lend thefe Feciales r who were 
to carry with theta fome Grafs out of 7{vml: 
When they were come into the prefence of 
the other Party, the Chief of them, named 
PaterpatratHS , did take a Stone, and knock 


did take a Stone 


a Hog on the Head, * fwearing, and w idling 
that Jupiter would thus punifh him, or that 
People that intended any mifchiefor deceipt by 

the Treatyjbr that fhould firft violate their Oath, 

and break the agreement, by any pubiick ACls of 
Hoftility. 

When the War was proclaimed, by the Order 

of the People, and by the Decree of the Senate;' 
the next A&ion was to pitch upon a worthy 

General ter manage it, and Command the Souk 

diers 




that 


General to manage 


» 


Ch 


noman cuefofitfess 


9 


diers that were to be feat againft theEnemy. 


Conqtihjit 


"mUs Unbft Virgil takes notice of three, kinds of p 0 j nte< j t0 g£ 
Warfare ordinary in Rome. * There was Saem^ about the city 

named, t.ecaufe !a ll the:Souldiers did to bring f«ch 


kW. 1 " fi the as were fit 

engage themfelves by an Oath to tight tor tne ^ 


the Souldiers did 


War-ani 


iCommander. 0 ^m oul ^ r ' ^ a j r f mbkd( every Company did 

^fn&3S fart#? Jtftw 


s* VP&eas {Baa awssss 


I 


fccretly away 


without leave, or to turn 

as Gtlitis Worm us. 


plundered Goods, or to depart from their Enhgns 
their backs by running away to the Enemy, &c> 


- 


% / 

• a 


; rw 




*• .% 


• ^ • 
' ; • •- • 


Commonwealth, to obey thdr Commanden, 

and not to depart from the W ar, who had fer- 


>11 111 \ 1 ^ ▼ — * - I WJAA\S * 

finilh’d. 2. Conjurdtio , which was when there was vcd his tiine 

fome great tumult or riling in Italy, or upon the in War. 
not time to receive the Oath from y ? pugnart cm 

was wbnt to fay, Qai 'unit falvam rempubltcam me c - c(u 

fimtki^y ’and to afeend up to the Capitol the com- offiuvs. ctdud. 
mon Rendczvouz in fuch occafons, caufing two Mata 

Baifncrs to bedifplayed,theoneofaRofe-red-co ^ 

lour for the Infantry,and anotherofa Skie-colour mim fMu 
for the Cavalry or Horfemen. The third iort ot rii> or ffr cm- 
Warfare was named Evocmio, and the Souldiers pmtma. 
Evofuti milites ; when the General to fill uphis 

Atrav, commanded feveral perfons difperfed m 

the,Ro^ pominions,to repmr to their flours, 

andcbj)Ktg,tifs afliftance. Befides,tne e e ,.. 


/ 











3P0 *1 VLCCUUIg Uf DOOKIV. 

If any did re- did difpatch bis Orders to all the People allied to 
f Ufc h'°eo ht tbe R ° mans ' t0 f end t ^ le ^ r ^ccours by fuch a time, 

t?y, his Goods and at a P lace a.PP oin ted. 

were taken The whole Army was divided into Roman Le« 
from him. Sec gions and Auxiliaries. Zvery Legion was com* 

rf « H * liC ' P°^ e< * P° m etimes of 3000, fometimes of 4000, 

* Quadrat* and never abov ^ 6000 ?00l: > wit h ^ onie 

Itgio vocatur. * Troops of Horfemen, who were to wait upon 

* About 300 in their Legions in the Battel. The Foot were divi- 
number to d e d into Cohortes , or Companies-, in every Legion 

Fmm cmm\ tbere . were W0Ilt t0 be ten Cohortes - Every Cohort 
they are nam’d contained three Maniples, every Maniple two 

Ctntma . Centuries, and every Century an hundred Men. 

The Centuries were fubdivided into contubernia 1 
certain Files of Men, who lodged always to¬ 
gether *, their Corporal or Serjeant was named 
Caput contubernii, or Decants, as his Captain was 
Ttmtarii vtl named Centurio. At the Rear of every Century 
fundi tons & march’d a Commander next to a Centurion, called 

we re Sou Idlers Tergiduftor, of the fame power as our Lieutenants 
that did fight of Companies. The Horferaen did appear in 
afar off with Troops, called Turma, and every Turma, had three 
flings, & c* Decuria's, and every Decuria ten Horfemen. The 

Commander C a P c d n of every Troop was named FrafeSttu 
of fuch anum- Equitum, and the chief Commander of the Army 
her of Horfe- Imperator •, efpecially when he had been fo happy 

roen. as to obtain a Vidory, where one thoufand of 

the Enemies were flam. Over every Legion 
there was a Tribune, or a Colonel, under the 
General. 

» ■ 

In this Army, none was received amongft the 
Legions *, but after feventeen years of Age ) 
and every one was to be a Roman born, a Free¬ 
man. I confefs, that in cafes of neceffity, they 
were forced to Mufter in their Army Slaves and 

Fencers. 


Every Man was to ferve in the Wars 1I5 P e r ^ on > Sons yeai 
ind to continue there a certain number ot * ears, p ., ^ 

in the beginning of the Empire. The Generals did years- 

jifmifs none but fuch as had committed fome 


grievous Crime 


fuch as were arrived to fifty 

■ * # 1 


, us or luen as were amvw 

of Age, or fuch as were Sick and maimed 


* 


unfit for ferv 


Sometimes the Senate granted 


the Priviledgetowell deferring perfons to be free 

from all Warfare, and not fubjeft to the Corn- 

Bands of their Officers,unlefs in urgent occauons, 

in feditious times & Tumults, 
conftrain them to make ufeof any help,then they 
took old Men and Priefts alfo, qni perpetuam vaca- 
uonem militia habebant, vvhofe weaknefs and Offi¬ 
ces did free them from the War ; 

The number of the Roman Legions did vary ac¬ 
cording to the occafions of the Commonwealth. 
Sometimes there have been 25 Legions belonging 
to the Empire, difperfed round about the Borders 

near the Enemies Countrey. 

But we muft take notice,that before the Armies 
march’d to find out the Enemy, the Genera, 

with the reft of the fuperiour Officers,were very 

diligent and careful in the placing of their Men, 
and difpofing of them to the beft advantage.!, he 

poorer fort, andtheweakeft Bodies they pick d 

out ot the Army* to put them together m Com¬ 
panies feparate from the reft,they called them Ve- 
lites. Thefe kind of Souldiers were the molt con- 


1 


temptible,and luch as were expofed to all thedan 


gers 


As 


the Turks Army 


there are multi 


tudes of a certain vile fort of Souldiers, called the 
Afapi, who are placed in the Front of the Battel, 
and beaten to the aflault, to fill up the Ditc es 
with their Bodies, and caufe the Enemy to ipena 


their Fury upon them 


So was it in tfie Rom 


an 


40 o 




Cwatffeof Book IV. 

Army, there were certain Companies pick’d out 

of the reft, to be imployed in aflaulting the Ene¬ 
my, and receiving the firft on-fet. They were 
lightly Armed, and therefore from their fwifu 


nefs in retreats were called ^elites 


When the 


Army, was ready to fight, fuch did appear at the 


Wings, or in the Van 


Forlorn-Hop 


They were never required to (land to a fight, 
and oppofe the Enemy without ftirring *, neither 
did the General repofe any great truft in them. 

The chief ftrength of the Army was in the Roman 


Legions 


Afterwards the General chofe out of 


the Army, the. ftrongeft and ftouteft Men, to 
match them alfo together *, and they were named 
Principes. The Triarii were elected next, out of 

Sacma aqui - tlie eldeft and moft beaten Souldiers, named V’en- 


U vocantur. 


ram. 


They were placed always 


Body of the Army 


>Iaced always in the Main 
and to them was committed 


Trlmum ptlum the %oman Eagle, which was as the Royal Stan¬ 
ds the firft dard amongft us, the chief Enfign of the Army, 
entury. "The firft Centurion of the Triarii was called Fri- 

mi film y and primus Centurio } he had the charge 


miflm , and primus Centurio j he had the charge 
of the Roman Eagle. The fecond Century was 
named fecundum pilum, and the Centurion Secundi- 
pilus. The Trincipesy who marched before them, 
were named Antcpilani. 

Befides the former Commanders in the Army, 

there was Fr&fettus Legionutky a Major General 

next to the Legatm y the Lieutenant General of 
the Army. When the General, and his Lieu- 
nant were abfent, he Commanded in Chief over 
the Colonels, and over the reft. There were alfo 

Trafettm [odorum, a certain Commander of all 

the Auxiliary Forces,fent to the Army from the 

Friends of the Roman Empire. There was alfo 


TrafeUm pabror 


and Trafc&m Qaftrorunt, 

the 


4 • 




s - 


Cli 


Eo 




& 




# 


'I 




thfe Camp-Maftdr General 1 , arid the Chief Engi¬ 
neer, whofe Office was to have an Eye to the 
Inftrumcnts and Engines of War, and to the 


t O 


Labourers. The 
Enemies, and take 


* / 


>.i ' 


Art, than by ^in Force and Valour 


did overcome their Aatnji mu 
y more by Skill and ivere fupernu 


therefore merary 


rieceflary, that they fhould have a great 


who 


number of all forts of Workmen in their Armies, £ ffic( £ s 
and one over them all to command them to their Cm i cu 
bufinefs. were ft 


• . * - 

ordered to go the Rounds for them in the night 


he De 

of the 


Souldiers, who did fight afar off as the Slingers. Duplicarii militts , defer- 
ved a double portion of Victuals,were voluntary Souldiers. Stipifer* 
the Enfign-bearer./ 4 (j«//zyir,the Eagle-bearer._ Tejfawii> the bearersof the 
Watch-word. Mttatores , they who did appoint the places to Encamp. Car 


tones & lixek&xt the Souldiers fervants, fuch as are called in the French Army 
Goujars. They prepared wood and water, and did wait upon the Souldiers." 

• • 

In the %oman Army there was an excellent va¬ 
riety of Weapons fit for all forts of encounters 


nd occafions 


In this the wifdom of their firft 


Warriours appeared in inventing fuch. convent*? 
ent Arms, as might be futable to the ftrength 
Of their Bodies, and might defend them with 


advantage, again# other People 


Befides the 


Sword and Buckler, they made ufe of a certain 
Dart named Pilum, which they handled fo dex- 

teroufiy, that according to the report of Cafar ,i£ 
did fometimes pierce through Bucklers twojm 
cfies thick of Iron: Efpecially the 7 VzmV,the belt 
Souldiers, who were always kept for a Referve, 
were fiirnifiied with this kind of Weapon, and a 


ftnali Target called Parma. Some of them were 

4 rmed with a Javeline *, others with Pikes. 
They were carefui to provide their Arfriy 
with all manner of Weapons, that according 

to the different occafions,/ they might oppofe 


C d 


m 


- * -1 




* . -Lie*:*.~J*d- 







fuch as were bell furnilhed, to encounter the E- commonly fomeReferves,which werenotbrought 



Book IV. I Ch 


Eoitian CurtaBtieis 


1 # 





S &in cafe of neceffity When the 

Enemy was fufficiently weary in the fight, the 
Generals then gave order to theit Reaves, 
only to confult the Augures, but to enter into the I named SubftdU, to fall upon them ana ena tne ai- 

Temple of and there to beg the affiitance I fnute Ctfar, in his Commentaries., fpeaksot 

\x/i _i_ til m i ■ I J r * . ^ ^ , .i _ixrnirn ' 


— j - * 

But before a General did undertake an Expe 
dition againft the Enemy, it was the cuflcm, no; 


of that God 


When he march’d with his Army 


order of Battel, called Orbit, which was m 0r ^ 


they were commonly ordered according to the I ca f e of neceffity, when the Enemies were: nume- bumdaw 


dangers, or the fafety which they did apprehend 
Every night the Army encamped 


>1 ilVVVJLU.UY| ~-- !• j 

and too powerful for the Romans, they did 


~- f T ’*'* J vw*. ^ ** Viivuiu^vu AAA a V,Vli V ClJl^Ut I call themfelves into - —-- - -' - . . -r 

place. Pyrrhus King of Epirus taught the Romans I miaht more conveniently refill the multitude oi 
the Art and life of lodging their Army within a I their Enemies, who did fight them on every fide. The 


round Body, that they 


me? 


fortified Gamp every night,for fear of a furprif 


When in fuch 


cafe their defign was to march was called 


- y j —'O- > --* I VV llvu — --- 1 VlnAtnc 

Uiiumwi. The Generals Tent was ufually in the middle,and I , forward, and pierce through the great Bodies 


the Horfe & Foot placed round about 


dillance, in fuch 


that there were 


of their Enemies, they fell into another Figure, VeUlUm ' 
named Omens , becaufe they appeared as a mi 

Wedge. In this manner, they did more eafily mum, a fimll 


from the GeneralsPavilion fo many ffcraightLanes, ■ vvtuiic* m mw *.*.*<*****^*1 — _ •- * 

reaching as far as the Fortifications. There were I compafs their Defign, and fave themfelves from ^omp^y 

commonly four Gates,or places to go out in every 1 being overpowered. 

Roman Camy. Thegreatdland larged was named | But there was nothing that did more _enilaige 


Decumana. The other three were named Pretoria, 
Queft on a, a nd Porta principalis. At every one of 

thefe Gates was a Guard placed, and Sentinels 


the Bounds of the Roman Empire 


7 


and increafe 


their Power, than their skill in the taking of 
Fortified Towns 


Sign a. CtiMYt} 

ro found a 


lCli 3U1AJ. O 

1_ r _.... ^ uxliii , _. Many times,, although the 

diftances upon the Rampire. When they I number of the Enemies within, was far grea- 

" ' ' " ter, and they had things necelTary to oppofe the 

Befiegers, and were lodged within fuch ftrong 

O 9 _ « • . C _. A m mn/lnolc' 


intended to fight the Enemy, aciem educebant 

Charger or they did lead their Army out in order of Battel 

daft cum ca~ which was not always the fame : Sometimes 


run, or cxor- 
diri j to found 

die Trumpet 

for to begin 


Towns and Walls, that 


feemed a madnefs 


Enemy with which they were to fight 

ture of the place did caufe them to 
Army 


their 

The Spear-men called Haftati , with 


J VJ 11 kkJ C41AV* I ” - , _ 1*1 

offer to take them by force; yet the Romans dia 
often fit down before fuch places, and when they 
had fortified themfelves within their Works,they 


lOl IU - J — — w +******** y w t A wll | UaU iVi UUVVI UUVi**- * ” , | 1 

the Battle, the Velitesy ufually began the Fight: and if I did undertake theBefiegirtg of them wicniucn 


efpecially at they were worfted, they retreated 


°P en b ® h . ind , th . e luft v «*j> 


who 


fuccefs,that within a few°days their Flags and Ban 
ners were advanced on the top of the Works 


Rom. 


then fuceeed in their room 



maintain 


AdTriarios Quarrel againft the Enemy. After them 
mitum eft. Trwii engaged. Every wife Commander 


If the Town Walls were low, and the 
not ereat, they took it ufually by Aflault wittt 
their Ladders.But if theBefieged were numerous. 



com- 


C 


and 




9 Cceatife of 


Book IV 


and the ways 


the Town eafie, they raifed 


high Towers of Planks and Beams, cover’d with 

raw Hides, which they did drag clofe to the Walls 

of the Befieged City. And then thev 


And then they brougf 


on their Companies under their Bucklers to the 

Tower, upon which they did afcend by Stairs and 
Steps within, to the top, that was equal with the 

Walls - , fo that by that means they fought without 
the leaft disadvantage. 

They had feveral ways to take Towns, ac¬ 


cording to the nature and difpofition of ’the 
Ground, and the fituation and ftrength of the 
Walls, they did accordingly imploy fuch Inftru- 

ments and Engines as were molt convenient.Thefe 

are the chief Engines imployed in the Siege of 
Towns: jigger, was a high Mount, which.thev 

raifed near the Wall with Earth and Stakes to 
fupport it : From the top of this Mount, they 
fought againft the befieged, and killed every Man 
_ that did appear upon the Wall. 1 he Stakes ufed 

ime°s 1 /»«r- nce in this occafion ’ were named Falla , and * Fab 
ilium a fpace They commonly drew a Line round about 

tween the the Befieged City, and built ftrong Caftles 


to the 


Towns 

raifed 


the Befieged City 


Hornes Intir- wwvumwm, uamtu y aua, anu « 

vallum a fpace They commonly drew a Line round about 

between the the Befieged City, and built ftrong Caftles 
flakes or an in- and Towers at convenient diftances,to keep off all 

.«/of Sme! ICe corref P ondence with Foreigners - 9 but when the 

Comcuingt - & oman Arm y was not numerous, they fate 
bant mum. down clofe before the Wall, and did negledt the 
Lories vvere great enclofure, that was required to furroundn 


Breaft 


■ 

vvorks. 


City, and 


l at or it* 


mbit 


pi 


endeavour to enter into it by 


They had many moveable Towers 


made of Boards, and covered with raw Hides 


to hinder them from burnin 
drag upon Wheels near the 

affault. Thev made, their 


burning, which they did 
ar the Walls, to give the 


l Ilf. 


affault. They made their Approaches under a 
large Covering made of Hurdles and Planks,cal¬ 
led Fine a, Teftiidoy was an Engine reprefen ting 

the 


p 

f 


Ch. ii 


Eommt Ctittofitfeef 




the upper part of a Tortoife 5 under it the Soul- 
diers hid themfelves, when they either drew 
near the Walls- or undermined them. Some- 


/ 




undermined them 


thefe Engines were made of the Bucklers 


of the Souldiers joyned 


gether 


Mtifinli, 
protect the 


*Or Cat ii 


were other Engines of Defence, to protect the 
Souldiers in making the Works for a general Al- 

faulc. Plutei, were other Inventions, to bring the 

Souldiers to the Walls without danger* Their 

Mines were named Cuniculi. *Or cat& 

The other Engines for Battery, were nrft* Ba- putt*. 

life a, which was made of Beams, Cords, Iron 

Bars and Skrews, in fuch a manner, that it did 

caft Darts of a confiderable bignefs into the City, 
which required but three Men to manage it. 

Onager, was an Engine to caft Stones. Scorpio , 
was another to fend forth fmall Darts. Some do 
confound thefe two names, becaufe they were 
almoft of the fame make, with this difference, 
the former was for Stones, and the latter for 
Darts. Aries , their Ram, was a noted Engine in cafardt UUi 
War,made of feveral Beams;, that which was on Gallic. 

the .top was headed with a large peice of Iron as 
a Rams head with Horns. The Souldiers did caft vsrg* 1 . 9*** 

down the ftrongeft Walls, by the frequent blows 


which they gave with it. 


Malleoli , were 


kind, of Arrows with a large Belly, full of Wild¬ 
fire,' to burn any thing upon which it did light,and 
nothing was able to extinguilh this Fire but Duft. 

Bakes Morales,were. other Engines to fallen upon 
the Wall, and pull down the {tones.. 

When the Romans befieged a City, they did 
before the taking of it, defire the leave of the 
Tutelar Gods of the place, and invited them to 
dwell, at Rome, promifing unto them Temples, 
Al ters, Sacrifices,^, They were better Souldiers 


C c 




at 





I 


a Cteatffe of 


Book IV 


♦ 

at Land, than at Sea, neverthelefs, they have 
bad great fuccefs, and have obtained famous Vi. 
Tories by their Ships, upon which they did en¬ 
deavour to fight as at Land, by joyning their 

Ships together, and caufing them to afford a .firm 

ftanding. In the firft Punick War, the Romans 


ftanding. In the firft Punick^ War, the Romans 
ventured their Fortunes in a Sea-fight againft the 


C art bag 


In procefs of time, they had Peo 


XStditStiiwt 

fuch as wer 

received to 
Quarter. 


(fyjia eapthi 
'wronati fole- 
bant veenire. 


pie as expert at Sea, as at Land. 
i When the Enemies were overcome,the Romans 

reduced them commonly to that eftate, that if 
they had a will, they had no power to revolt from 
their obedience. When they did fpare a City , 
and grant unto the People their lives, they 
fometimes fold them,^ Corona , under a Crown, 
which was placed upon their heads, when they 
were led to the Market. Sometimes they did caufe 
the People of a City to pafs without Arms, fab 
jagum, under a crofs Spear, fupported with two 
others, and reprefenting a Gallows. Sometimes 


'Vtl quia c 0 ro- others, and reprefenting a Gallows 

mill turn cir- --i 1 


£umMat 


the Citizens, and the Nation that had been con¬ 
quered, were driven out of their Habitations and 
their Dwellings,and the Land was granted by the 
Roman People to fome old Souldiers,who had well 


deferved from them in the Wars 


afterwards 


named Romanes Co Ionia 


Such a place 


It 


governed by a publick Council,compofed of every 

Tenth Man, chofen out of all the number. There 
is a difference between a Colony, and Omdum 


Manic if um 


for the latter was a certain Town 


that had obtained the Honour of being reckoned 
amongft the Roman Citizens, but none of them 
could claim any right to give his voice for the Ele¬ 
ction of Magiftrates nor was any of them to be 
burdened with the extraordinary ImDofts. Be- 


burdened with the extraordinary Impofts 
fides the Mimic if ia had particular Laws ai 


Be- 

wit 


them 


Ch- 


Roman cutfofitfeis 


49 


themfelves, and werenot bound to the obfervance Some 
Of all the Roman Statutes. . ^ Sujfra 

fenc to the Eie&ion of the Roman Magiftrates. Stgontus notes, i 


Muni- 


ft agio , they 
:s, that Jurt 


-- . Jr were not to enjoy the fame Priviledges in all things’, as 

thfcitizens ? buf afterwards it happened that thefe Municipal Towns did * 
f!l?p “he favour of die Emperours all the Priviledges. 

And becaufethe Romans were the molt power- The( j. are t |, e 
ful People of the World, feveral Cities and. Na- noted Wea- 
[ions did feek their friendlhip: Thefe were after- pousufed in 
wards named FaukratifofnU, or FadtrM* emit a- 


^ The frequent Alliances, which the Romans “’to* 
made with their Neighbours, did often admr- baroflroo 
Niter occafions of new Quarrels, by confe- otadnas fuf- 
qltenceofnew Conqueft. For when thefe Peo- __ 


quence of new Conqueft. For when thefe Peo- ^ 

pie, and their Friends, were grieved or °PPi efIed H ^ ja j aveliB 
by any Enemy, they did implore the affiftance was a wfapo „ 
of th l Romans, who were glad of fuch anoppor- of many Natl- 

tunity of enlarging their * D« 

Kingdoms were • fubdued, they reduced them wag only ufe( | 

into Provinces of the Roman Empire, and it they by the Romans. 
fuffered the Inhabitants to enjoy peaceably their vbalarica, was 

States, they aid lay upon then‘ 

Tributes. Befides, the 1 enthsof all the Fruitsot by L < vius ^ u 
the Earth, called Decma, they had an lmpolt ^prirgiilg* 
named Vortorim, upon all Goods Jranfported 


and Imported. 


We may take notice that the solifmtum , 


Money railed for the Publick ufe of 1the Empire, ^n/ofDarc 
was gathered under the notion of Trmitiim, or of the s ^ anim 
rental. Tribuum was gathered from the Tribes ards 
of the People of Rome, either according to them W * 
abilities, or as Pole-Money, or by way of Tax 


called Tributnm temerarium . 


When every pri 

♦ 


Gauls. 


Gallia 


mams smut Spin:-, Virgil. Imptuta Ptcurn. 

c c 4 vate 





■V aloes, were 
commonly 

9 * 

nfed in War 


Book ly 


vateperfonswas commanded to bring all the Gold 

and Silver, and call it into the Treafury. VeBiga- 


V41CU iv war /- . r j 

by theEaftern^’ were raifed upon the Provinces by way°of 
People'about Cuftom or Tythes, or from Salt, or by a Tax 

i Tribute or 


their Chariots, called Fie eft, 


zJfyfdcelleni- was 


med "wifh 3 r " T°J! tak ™ in th f, Markets from things neceiTary 

Sickles or pMansLife. All thefe Tributes were farmed out 
■Scythes round commonly to fome of the Equestrian Order, who 
about. were called 'Eublicani , a name grown odious, be- 

a'nodS kind ^ of th *; Cl . uel E Xa_<H:ions of thefe men,& their 

nf viart. inhumane dealings with the People of the Pro- 


about 


another kind 
of Dart. 


vinces. Every'Head did pay 


teompL'a, is vinces. Every'Head did pay a certain Tribute 
taxen either and the Senate would fometimes lay upon them 

Sword 3 " 013 grieTOUS Burthens, and exaft large Sums of Mo- 

rfhe Gladius, " ey ’ :accor ^ in g to the neceffities of the Empire, 
or $word, was buc “ people were afterwards named Stivendiarin 
the moft Ho- Tributaries to the Romans. f ' ' ' 

nourable Wea- But wemay take notice,that thev did rarefnlh. 


pon J there' 


But wemay take notice,that they did carefully 
treat every City according to its delervings.If the 


fore it was ei- V 7 . *7 w.v 

yen to the'Em- ^habitants had refitted their Power more than the 


yen to the Em- ^^uiLaiJisiiauiciULcu lucii ruwer u 
perours and Generals, as a Mark of Power and Authority 


gpon the right hand. 
Swords was on the left 
Eugio, a fhort Dagger. 


Jof. 1. 3 . d'e 2tll. Jud 


Sariffa 


Contus , 


another 


id Authority. It did hang 
iaico.. But the longer fort of 
Javeline of the Macedonians, 
fort of Dart or Javeline. 


of Dart 


diirnt. Virg 


than the former. Ferratdftue fades & acuta cufpide contos expt- 


lib, ‘j-Mneid, Sag arts, was a weapon of the Scythians , 
JaveJines. Sica, was a fhort Sword, ufed by Thieves, 
like the Cymiter of the Turfy, and carried by the Med(s 

rJ.. ___ /» * 1 . « « . « . « 


like .unto our Jafelines 


Minuets , 


'crfians in the War 


Sudesy were Sticks hardned in the flame 


(harp at the end, 
many names for 


Mifcebanp uSla prxlia nuda fade, 


Bucklers 


Protert . They had 


Ctyp 


and Parma, were the 


defensive Weapons. Scutum 


firfl 


was but 


Gale art a, or Galea , or Cudones 


& 


of tuff Skins of Bears, and other wild Beafls 


fccond 
- pieces 


the 


‘tfjhe Am 


Africans : And Pelta was a fhort 


lib. 1 6 . Cetra, 


Offenfi 


r 7 


There were many more Weapons both Defenflve and 
among the Eafiern People , but thefe are the names of 


- A 


• • 



Ch- II- - p t V 

reft, they were fure to fuffer for it, and to receiye 
juch puniffiments, as the Romans thought they 

haddeferved. By this means they did ftnke a 

fear into the mind? of their Enemies, and ob- 
iaed them to feek their friendfhip, and to yield 

to their enchroaching Power, that they might not 

be reduced to the fame eftatc. _ 

It is' no wonder, if their Armies were fo fuc- 

cefsfuUarid their Spuldiers fo obedient: They had 
fuch an excellept, and fevere Difciplme to go¬ 
vern them, and fuch glorious Rewards affined to 

their virtuous behaviour, that they were thereby 

as much animated to feek the latter, as they were 
afraid of the puniffiments inffi&ed upon offenders. 7 ^ gmrit 
Thev had feveral forts of Chaftifement$propor- J • * fC M 
tionable to the Souldiers faults: Sometimes when 
they had Ihamefully demeaned themfelves, the 
General did djfmifs them, and disband them, by when 
taking avvay their Souldiers Girdle, and their the War was 
Arms 8 Simes he did deprive then 1 of their £££- 
daily Salary : Such were faid to be are dirutt , de- had ^ 
prived of their Pay* which was caft into the pub- war the 
lick Treafury. Cenfto haft aria , was when the f u n time of 
Souldier was commanded to refign up his Spear, Warfare, or 
and depart out of the Army. When the Company 
had loft their Banner, they were commanded to Cm r ar u,viiien 
feed upon Barley-bread for feveral Months, and t he Souldier 

the Captain loft his Girdle, which was a nota- was fallen Tick, 


ble difgrace to an Officer. 


If the Crime was but lame, maimed 


fmall,theSouldiers were forced to ftand before the fome accident 
Generals Tent, with fome marks of diihonour hewas difa- 

bled from fer- 

v'm in the War. Ignominiofa dimifio t \yas when he had committed 
fuch a Crime, as the Romans thought it a difgrace to maintalri their quar¬ 
rels by fuch a one. It was not lawful for Women to enter into the 


rels by fuch a c 
Roman Camp., «£ 
Plutarch in EhchIIo* 


Quinu OuUm, Vt ftAitndofojfam coram\exercitis, 

• • *. ■ • % * * * * ^ 


a. 


upon. 



4 


9 Creatffe of 


upon their heads 


Book IV 


or they dig half naked 


HiblfXdTg IX *1 , i j~ •'-'•uvumcj 

eppido. Liv. ^J e y were con ^rnned to Winter abroad in the 
lib. 26. Fields, and not to come under a Roof in the lhar 
Vrnm (olym peft weather. If a Souldier had been a Coward.™ 


the prefence of the whole Army 


Sometimes 


mil it i, Gel! 
lib. to. 


inconfiderate in his attempts,they d id 

and draw fome blood from him. Tbefe 
fmall punifllments due to Idler Crim 


sJ 


aVein 


r 


m 

t —-—vv. crimes: premier 

faults were chaftifed with Rods and Death Some¬ 
times they did cut oITchcir Hands,whip them with 
Rods, beat them with Cudgels. All Run-awavs 

tir f 1 a Cv TT J _ • « J J 


ft 


mtrm. 


| f y. . TY _ KJ --—TF Ci JO 

Fuflecadebdtur tolole their Heads without mercy. They 
qui ^liquid did commonly Crucifie them as Slaves if thev 

fUYYlpUtYAt t” nmrfl --i-i » J 


did commonly Crucifie them 


STZLZ wer r e take ? ?? er A tha i th ey had nm to the Enemy 

Li * . c n * 3 S Lwtus faith. And when t-h FTP Vior! Kpon 


Livios, /. 30* 


Ignminici 


qui 


/ 


mHS Faith. And when there had been a grie- 
Mutiny, they did condemn either the tenth 

e hundredth Man to Death: This was called 


EX** r This ^.°brervanceof the Military La^ 
Liv’ lib. 2. fe, T 5 dtheir Armies from Rebellion and Ruin,and 

Polyb. lib. 6 , mauled every Souldierto obey his Orders and fol¬ 
low his Leader. 

The Rewards granted to the Couragious and 

Valiant Souldiers, were man v,and fuitable to their 
well-defervings. The meaneft Souldiers were ad- 

5 tip indium, t0 r t ^ ie Command of the Army, when they 

Che ordinary had done fome brave A&ion. But befides thefe 


Ex ere it us ^ or Legionis Dccitnatio 


Cent eft, 


St ip indium 


the ordinary had done fome brave Adtion 


Wages of a Offices of Profit and Honour, they received an 
fn“the bedn- ° f thdr Pla y- Their Genera l did bellow 

ning of the Bracelets, a white Lance,Collers,and 

Empire, buc inch like Ornaments to Honour their Virtue,with 
2 obots, thacis fomediftin&ion from the ordinary kind of Soul- 


Money 


diers 


There were alfo many forts of Crowns 


Centurion yd. of a Horfeman a drachma , i. e. j s. oh. Polyb. After- 

tlJlfne «Alii <-l In M ... . » . ■ ^ . . S 


cably. 


Souldiers pay a Denarius, yd. ? q* And foof th? reft proportion 


given . 


h : - - -r.-- 


fc 4 * * ♦ “ 

. • T * k ^ 


> .; Jr (■ ;';rf*«3.-cS&aSW 





/ 




Ch 


•Roman CutiofitieS 


4 " 

e •;. 


I. * • • w 


Athena C-ptainhadfce'eTa^tTffom the Siege oj.SJuWa 
Citizens did beftow a Crown, not of Go , t parr/- 

5 ate 

CeetheleS C E « ™ i»W » Vito 


tioftHonourable. The; 

of the City that had been freed from the 


a ss ssasr 

hands It was made of Oak branches ana leaves, 
w hen aSouldier had generoufly advanced hiscom^ 

r*m “ - V^JKlSSSXSti 


Crown given 


Wall before them, he was 


Muralis 


Crown of Goidi reprefenting the Battl = f 

o citv Wall. Another of the fame fubftance was 
given to fuch, as did firft enter into the Enemies 
Camp,and this was called Cafirenfi* Corona. Thus 

aftcr a Victory at Sea, the AdmiraL named g- emu 

swot FrrfeBm, gave Crowns of Gold to fc 

as did enter firft into the Ships of ^the Enemy.Tb 

were very careful to reward and encou¬ 
rage Virtue, in thofe Men who did manage their 
Pufilick Affairs •, or in fuch as were engaged to s *pi ducts » 

maintain their Clpnr • j, , \x7rvrirl 'Rnt* butre coronai 
came to have the belt Souldiers in t e • HuU c ^ t 

the Rewards granted to the meaneit iort oi bou - mra u s i, ono 

diers,were nothing in comparifon of the Honours hm civic* 


and Recompenfb, Af * ' xuiu hunc do 

the generous and fuccefsful Commander .A a ^ y 

r ® v 71 n. ~ .ho Arrmr OTSnted tO theit 


which they did beftow upon qumus 


famous Victory, the Army granted - ...... fjiU 

Generals this Title of Honour, Imftrator. After¬ 
wards they fent Letters adorned with Lawrel to 
the Senate, to require from them the Connrma- 

tion of that Title, with publick Proceffions and 

■' • Prayers*, 


s ■ 




4 lz 

p'iZ7one% fn p y omn’ ^ Wh j, C - h att the Romit » People did afUft 

m&Hpbm,xo n , P’ oiarching to all the Temples of their 

appoint there Gods, to P ra y f° r the profperity of their General 
Praccfiions, or This was performed in his abfence. At his return 

aConTZur! J° ph’ l^'leTr ■ rece |' red him in Tri- 

iimpn. in the Idler Triumph, named rw» , 


a mmice of 


Book iv, 


nmph. In the lefler Triumph, named Ovath , a 

■jheep was led before him up to the Capitol 

where he did Sacrifice it to Jupiter. Then he was 

to enter into the City upon a Horfe,crowned with 

fi,I br !nH h E M ? rde » be “ ufe he had been fuccefs! 

tul, and vidorious without much Blood-fiied 
rlplw re T| Cr T r ! nmph ’ wa s the molt glorious in’ 

the World, and the greateft expreflion of Honour 


and Grandeur 


It was allowed by the Senate 


their Generals abroad, when they had enlarged 


the Bounds of the Emp 


and kill’d 


ters with the Enemy above 5000 Men 


The 


General, with his Army, did enter into the Citv 

All i .1 _r* _ 1 1 • 


Coronet 


great pomp 


All the Souldiers were crowned 


pbati,\k< 


iumph 


'porn 


Ovid 

iHar. 


with Law mis, and cloathed with ftateiy and rich 
inu?/ipd£- r ■ The General,with a Triumphal Crown 
&scircmmt 9 f P ure Gold, which the Senate fent unto 

him, was to ride into the City upon a ftateiy 


him, wa 

Chariot- 


:o ride into the City upon a ftateiy 
Rp,o, ,-T u e have been draw n by ftrange 

Bvafts,as Elephants, and Dromedaries. He was 


cJoathed.in a Purple Robe called Trabta, with ; 

Tumck rich! ybefet with Gold,Pearls,and Jewels 

9 


▼ 


hind 


and a branch of Lawrelin his hand 


Sometimes 


Conquerour 
Hood one to 


before, and fometimes after him, were led in 


Chains 


the Captives, the Princes and Kings 


in this pomp, not to flatter himfclf with high 


** t0 his .«■ ^ 


tE.it notwithfranding his 


ss oth 
to off< 


either with Stripes 


If he did offend he (hould be puuifhed 

•» • '"T'L ^ * • 


death 


nis Crown and his Lawrel to Jupiter 


The Conquerou 
Rofin. Dab it tile 


zzm. in premia Joy it) <&c 


• \ 


\ 


wit Q. 



CD. H 


lAUumu 


who had been overcome and taken* with all tHeir 
Spoils and Riches. All that couldferve for often- 
ration, was then publickly carried in-pomp, to 




f 


S' 


Honour the Triumph of the Conquerour. The 
City being then full of all the Inhabitants of the 


Countrey round 


who did flock together 


to be Eye-witnefTes of the Glory of the Roman 

Empire, that then appeared to the World. The 
Senate, and all the Perfons of duality, were 
wont to welcome the Conquerour hom< 


lbitttt ante d&* 

ces onirattoeBZl 
ate nis. 


welcome the Conquerour home at the 


Gates, and to lead him to the Capitol, through ^natmrin^_ 

the Acclamations, and wonderful Rejoycmgs of 


all the People, that crowded to fee him 


When 


he came to the Capitol 


fice a Bull 


Jup 


he was there to facri- 
And if he had been fo 


Triumphant . 


hc’ppy, as to kill with his own hand 
of the Enemy in Battle, he took from him his 


General B ” 


be White 


Armour and Weapon 


called then Op 


not 


and did dedicate them in the 


Uptima e>poiia , ana uiu ucuiv.au- 

Temple of Jupiter Feretrius , caufing them to 
be hung up in remembrance of his Valour and 

Succefs. 

When the Conquerour palled through the 
Street, he fometimes caft Medals of Gold amongft 
the People, and diverted them many days with 
Publick Sports. 

Afterwards, the Senate did caufe at the Pub- 
lick Charge * Arcus Triumph ales, ftateiy Monu- Foahntur 

ments of Triumph,to be erected in honour of the m ^ 
Vidorious General, with Trophies of the Spoils. 


and Weapons of the Enemy. 
Thefe Trophaa , or Amor 


Cong 


ftatelyPiles erededofthe Armours taken amongft 
the Spoils of the Enemy. 

% 

They 





4 Ul BOOK IV. 



'Martial* 1 .12. Non Alb ana mhl fit commejfatio tanti , 

Propter Alba- JSfec Capitolina , pontificumque dapes . 

num vinum 

!bi generofiffi- 
mum. 



The End of the Fourth Book# 


1 


The Preface. 



L L humane Sciences have flour if.- 
tv/ amen i/I the Egyptians w<J»y ~ 
2 m«. Abraham ftrft brought un. 


them tk 


Rudimen 


fophj 


)«?/;?«». v* 1 if nee„ 

p orntins gratia, 

of PhilO- It is compofed 


7 


which' his Grand-child Jacob fully 


taitfht unto them 

<S 


£00 Jofeph, 


and of a j 
cuv ty [/■<£> 


Favourer of Learning,, farm fieri theirTr.lefts <«&* 
with fitch Revenues as "flight entertain them f enc i D g things 
in their Studies , and in the performance of by Metaphors 




j <7 the performance of by Metaphors 

The Greecians, in the daysof^J^t, 


men rreeciaus, Himi i yp tic{, 

Solon, Pythagoras, Herodotus, and Plato, j s derivedfrora 

did fetch from Egypt all the knowledge of '4’^. 

Nature which rendred them Jo famous. But cau f e this kind 


Egyptian Priefts 


unto whom it belonged of writing 


did not divulg 


their sc as 


dark Emblem . ly perfons 


^ teach , did not divulge their Doll tines an 

a jhadovo , or fome dark Emblem, ly perfoni 
Their manner was to difeover unto their Ju- 
ditors, the Myfleries of God , <?»</ «/ Wrf- gyp() did 


ditors 


ture , Hyeroglyphicks, which 
tain vifible fhaoes and forms of 


tain vifible fhapes and forms of Creatures 
vohof e inclinations and difpofitions did leadti 
the knowledge of the Truths . intended foi 


wa oj i\a- gypt 3 did ex- 

7 were cer - prefs the My. 
^ fteries of Na 

Creatures 9 ture> and of 

did lead to their Gods 


hflruttion 


ledg 


of the Truths , intended for 

All their Divinity^ Philofophy, 

and 




ThePKEb ACE. 


and their, great eft Secrets , were cow prehen. 

fed in thefe ingenious Characters, for fear 
that they fhould he profaned by the Inquifition 
and Acquaintance of the Common People, 
The Learned in Antiquity feem not witling 
to make them /bare in any part of the pro¬ 
found Sciences ; therefore Alexander ivas 
difpleafed at his Mafter Ariftotle, for pul- 

lifting fame of his Treatifes , that contain 
the Curiofities of Nature , in the common 
Language . Doubt lefts the Heathens had very 
good reafons to keep from the Vulgar fame 
of their Myfteries; for they faw what we 
have experienced to our Sorrow , That too 

much Knowledge is as dangerous, as a 

ftupid Ignorance; token fitch do pojfefs it , 
who have not wifdom to make a right ufte cj 
it. Sublime Myfferies in the ft allow Pates 

y, do ferve but to fill their 
conceits of their own excel¬ 



lency. For> as their worldly Affairs cannot 
fuffter them to. make it their bufinefs to ftud% 
they can never attain but to the imperfett 
knowledge of a few Notions , which are apt 
to bewitch them with an invincible fancy of 
their own fufficiency, and to make them de- 
fpifa the wholftome Admonitions of their Ted - 
chefs. I confefay we are not to oppofe Gods 
Command of permitting the People to enjoy 
the benefit of his Holy Word\ but / think it 

the concern of this divided Nation y to have 



fuch prudent Minifters in every Pariftb , that 
can blow what to Preach to their Auditors. 
I think it very dangerous , to declare indifa 

fcrently any My fiery unto them . St. Paufr 
wifdom could provide Milk for Bales , as 


9 


as 


well 


as ftrong Meats for 


grown 


Stomachs . 


Knowledge is to he fitted to the Capacities of 
every one , and fame Truths are more ufeful 
concealed than divulged. It is neither juff 


nor proper 


that the fublime Inquiries of 


the Learned Brains , concerning many My - 
Jteries, fhould be as ordinary as ABC. The 
wife Priefls of the Egyptians, for this caufe 
did veil their Knowledges of God, and Na * 
ture , under the fhadow of their Hierogly- 


phicks, from the view of every Mechanickl 
But thefe ingenious Inventions were contri¬ 
ved, not only to hinder the fublime knowledge 
of Phildfophy from being profaned 9 but alfo 
that they might abbreviate the diffufed No* 
tions of that Science , and fit them for a more 
cafie comprehenfion , and a letter retention of 

them in their Memories . Every Name u 
an abbreviation of a Things but it is not able 
to give fuch a per fell Idea of the Properties 
and hidden Qualities of the Things intima » 

ted, ds the Piflure of them in a witty Hie- 
roglyphick. The Great Creatour of all 
things , hath been p leafed to dif cover unto us 
in this manner his Divine Pleafure , and all 

the Excellencies of his Being* In the Old 

Dd Tefta* 


the Excellencies of his Being 

D d 




e 


ACE. 


9 

Tefiament the Myfleries of the G of pel were 
delivered to the Children of lira el in Types 
and Fibres: And in the great Book of Na- 
ture , God teacheth us ly the Myflerious Im * 
previous of Himfelf by Natural Hierogly¬ 


ph icks, by ce) 
Glorious Being 


fig»fi 


Images of His 


We may therefore fay , that 


thefe witty Contrivances of the Egyt 


Briefs v 


deftgned to bring Men to a more 


eafte difcovery of the meaning of all Gods 

IVirks in the World. They were as the Ele¬ 
ments to enable us to underfiand the Glory , 
Power , Wifdom, Goodnefs , and the other At¬ 
tributes of God, 

Thefe Hieroglyphicks are alfo ufeful for 

cur Belief and to perfwade Men to embrace 
Fertile and Piety ; for when they jhall fee 
Brute Be aft s inclinable to good Manners , 


they c 

to the 


but think it 


great difg 


ifonablenefs of their Nature 


they do fuffer them to excel 


this partita 


if 


defig 


n to ren- 


Ian 

# 

^ Egyptians had alfo a defign to ren¬ 
der their Knowledge immortal , by thefe In¬ 
ventions « I am certain for that purpofe they 
did ingrave their Hieroglyphicks upon Obe¬ 
lisks, upon Pillars of Marble, as Lucan 

faith 3 


* 


1 


Nondum 


Nondum flumineos Memph 


contexere li 


bros 

Noveratj 
rseque 


faxis tantum volucrefque fe 

♦ " 


Sculptaque fervabant magicas animalia lin 




guas 


But they did not only exprefs Things^ and 


fame fe 
phicks 


Knowledg 


by their Hierogly 


but 


Ifo whole Sentences 


Wrote all their Rules and Precept 
to the Wo r/hip of their Gods , or to l 
went of the Kingdom , in this manner 

J « * 1 


:es. they 

1 s , relating 
the Govern- 


/ 


am in 


Perfi 


0T UJC iu.nyA.vt**) . .. 

formed by feme worthy and credible 

J + § TT 4aa T il/ i! Of • 


who 


l ctjOn} , bVfjv 

that at this day there 


been FaClors in India 


three 


four Na 


■pr 

hofe Languages are as different 


Greek and Hebrew 


and yet they under 


/hand the Writings of one^ another 


what 


read in another 


by certain Hieroglyphicks 


So that 


Language, the other 
which cannot be, but 
licks, or Vniverfal 


Characters.) reprt 
Which are known 

Tongues. It & 


presenting the fhapes of things, 
wn to Men of all Nations and^ 


It is not long ft 


the Learned 


Bochartus had a Writing of this Na rare 


fe 


to him 


* 


the Court of France, ft 


from an Eminent Perfo 




him to enterpret 


But that we may t 

phicks with order 


may treat of thefe Hierogly 


ive Jhall fir fa view 


Bd i 






I 


Ml 


/ * -*> 

>»"»•' - ' 


. % 












Short 


COLLECTION 


* « 


1 


OF THE F A MO VS 


* I 


#• 

» 


Myfteries of the Egyptians 


S 


* 


N A MED 


HIEROGLYPH ICK S 



BOOK V. 


CHAP. 


I. 


Of God and his Works. 


\ 


\ 



Egyptians look’d upon the World 


as the great Image of God. One of Jupiter elf 


their Divinities was named Kneph : quodcuMjtt 


He was reprefented as a beautiful Man v ** is% 

4 . _ « ^ • - ti i 


with Feathers upon his Head, a Girdle, and a 


Scepter in his Hand} out of his Mouth proceeded 


an Egg,which was the Hieroglyphicko fthe World. 

• a « 11 /• • /Y i. 11 ^ _ T T. * C 


For the Shell of it exprefleth very well the Hea- e Eyyvs $ U 


vens,thatdo Ihut in all vifible things on every fide; *^pw^roiw 
the White is an Emblem of the Air and Water } 


the Yellow of the Earth, which contains in it a CT „. h*/W. o£ 


fecret virtue, that caufeth it to produce living Gods Provi- 


Creatures, by the affiftance of a Natural Heat. Its den<::e 


coming forth out of the Mouth, (hews how he is* 


the great Creatour of the Univerfe, and how all 


vifible Beings have been formed by the Power of 


the Eternal Word of God. 


D d 3 


They 







y -Jt -* - *: ;w . r, •. 

- .—^ — ^ ■- 







t 






Cfoe S)iet0gIppf}fc6jS 


Book V 


They did alfo pi&ure Almighty God, as the 
Body of a man covered with a long Garment^ 
bearing on the top the head of a Hawk : For the 
excellency, courage, nimblenefs, and good qua. 

, lities of this Bird, do fhadow out untpusthe 

t wtvTaw* incomprehenfible Perfections of its Great Crea- 

tour. The Sun was alfo reprefented by this Bird, 

fiKajGciwK, that is a perfeft Emblem of its Powerful Influ- 

<p$g ences in the World. Some obferve, .that this 
crph. of the Creature can ftedfaftly look on the Sun, and that 

the Bones of it do draw to them the Metal of the 


Sun, Gold; as the Load-ftone, Iron. 


God was 


CalKkodlgin. 

i r 


alfo adored in the form ofa Crocodile, becaufe 
that Creature only is without Tongue. The witty 
Egyptians therefore did reprefent by it, how God 
betiolds all things in Heaven and Earth with a 

profound filence. 

The Capacious Heaven, they underftood tq be 
an exprelfion of his Divine Majefty •, therefore 
fome of the Egyptians did adore the Circle of the 


Heavens. 


The Light is an Emblem of his Wif- 


dom-, theRoundnefs of the Elements,of his power 
and Perfedions, and the Celeftial Heat, of the 
tendernefs of his Love. 

'At*? vfopz* The Egyptians fometimes reprefented the Pro- 
pi&Tovdfow vidence of God, by a Bafilisk, with a Hawks head 
\EfsrgraV (let- and eyes, becaufe there is no other Creature fuller 
ciKYitt to ^ 0 f fpirits and vigour. It is faid, that it kills at a 


jar fe - »r> 

6 £ n UJ-Z & . poyfon, which 


only by fending out of its eyes a fecret 


it conveys to the Creature with 


$tpny V (AVKOC 
TS £ }&VV' 


whom it is difpleafed. 

The Power of God they did exprefs by Janus, 
with three heads and a Body, having neither 
hands nor feet *, becaufe Almighty God governs 
all things, only by his Wifdom and Pieafure. He 
needs no vifible Members to a & in the World* 

• ~ - and 


v» 



* • • 


Ch. i. 


Of the EGYPTIANS 


# * 


f 


and produce his Wonders 


the Elements, and 


• a 

■ s' 


s> 


Z l moib Rebellious Creatures,(hall fulfil his Di- 

vine Pieafure again# their wiU • . ■ 

To exprefs the effeds of Gods power in nature, 
the Egyptians painted a Man with a multitude of 

hands,ttretching them out upon the W £ rld * f 

The Providence pf God, or the Favour f 


• % 


The Providence qf 

Gods Providence, was ~ u 

Star in the Air •, becaufe it is often clouded with 

adverfity, and never Ihines long upon us without 

interruption. And becaufe Godbath hidthe fe. 

crets of his DivineNatureinthe Works, that ap¬ 
pear to our eyes, the Egy^tum P riefts . dld 
lent him by a Man fitting upon his heels, with al 

hl The' ^PhZicians, who were famous Merchants, ^xqiusMit 

and fcarce knew any other God befides their > navigat aura s 
painted their Idols with large Puriesat their lid s, j ortun ^ mqh fu 0 \ 
full of Monev Jupitcp was fometimes repre en a)bi- 


prefented by 


great 


tempertt arbs 


liften nor take nuuu u, u.v. , munit ? n- 

nor of their impious Difcourfes. One hundred ^ ^ yir , 

hands were given to him,3c as many feet to ihe w m p 0 ji »»»- 

*• .<* *5 mSiSm 


u 


of the Profanenefs of Men, 


nor of their impious Difcourfes 


int Juve- 
diftttafe 


Ep, i 


Hs Agency, and how he fuftains all ‘this from fa!- --{ -J& 

linn into a confufion. . c , chunt Juvt- 

The Goddefs Ifis was full of Dugs to figninetne m gjfttfafe- 

Benefits that Men do receive from the happy In- >;#<«, Horws 
fluences of the Moon,which was worshipped by U» l. * 

the Statue of //A in Eg/ft. In the City of Sethis 

- Goddefs had a famous Temple, where was to be 
fell this Infcription, / am all that was, that u,and 

that (hall he, my Eeihm Monalhathyet impend. 

Thsfe Heathens did profanely afenbe to them 

breathlefs Idols,and to theirPrototypes,that which 

only belongs, to Almighty God,the lnvifible Cre- 


# M 


1 tAf 


D d 4 


The 





4 


4*4 

VAVT tfpf, 

3$ rrayr iva. 

KHHg> Horn. 


Therefore 
call’d cuMfo 

V&W&- 


Urtetoglppfjfcfeg 


Book V 




. . The Sun, the molt glorious of all vifible Be¬ 
ings, was adored as their chief God, and repre- 
feilted fitting upon a Lion, with Rayes of Light 
about his head, and a bundle of Ears of Corn in 
one hand, to exprefs the Power and Goodnefsof 
the Sun, that caufeth all the Fruits of the Earth to 

bring forth their increafe. 

The perpetuity and durance of the Heavens, 

was fignified by an Heart, placed upon a Chafing, 
dilh of burning Coals, where it did remain, with- 


oaj 

out receiving any prejudice: Thereby thefe wife 

Egyptians did intend to intimate unto us, how the 

World, and the Heavens fubfift intire, notwith- 

ftanding thofe powerful Elements and Beings,that 

do ftruggle together, and difpute the place one 
with another. 


The Sun was alfo pictured in this manner ; a 
beautiful young Gallant, Handing half naked in a 
Ship neatly trimmed, fupported on the back of a 
great Crocodile, with flames of fire round about 


it 


Thefe feveral particulars are myfterious 


preflions of the power and eftate of the Sun in this 
lower World. The fwiftnefs of his Motion was 
fhadowed by a winged Horfe, running a Race. 
~A Beetle, a vile Infe<ft,wasputto fignifie the Sun: 

This kind of Beetle bears the perfedt Image of a 

Catsdiead. Now the Naturaliftshave obferved. 


that Cats do fee belt, when the Sun approaches, 
and that their Eye-fight decays, as it goes down 


the evening 


The Egyptians did alfo put the 


rareft of all Birds, to exprefs the Sun, therarjgik 
of all vifible Beings; for they painted a Phcenixto 
be the Hieroglyphick of it, as they didaRaddifli 
and an Onion to exprefs the Moon. 


$•? 


It Is af kind of Moon 
Ape. 


A Cynocephalus 


l 


lfo the vEnigm of the 


by the different pollutes of this ftrange 


l: •. 


Animal 




r 


Ch-1. 


cf ti)c nmriA ns. 


Animal, the different Motions of the Moon are fig- 

nified. To exprefs the rifingand increafe ofit.it 
was paintei) Handing right up,upon its hindermoft 


feet; and 


fhew the decreafe 


Beaft was laid 


upon its baik as dead, for Naturalifts do obferve, 
that the Apes fympathize with the Moon; there¬ 
fore fome were nourifhed in Eg)P by the Learned, 

for them to ; elifcover more eafily the Myfteries re¬ 
lating to the Moon, 8c the time of its Conjunction 
with; and Oppofition to the Sun. A Cat was ano~ 

ther Hierovlyyhick of the Moon* foi thst esufe 

Cats were fo highfy honoured amongft the Egypti¬ 
ans, as to receive their Sacrifices and their Demo¬ 
tions, and to have ftately Temples eredted in ho 
nourof them.lt feems that their witty Inventions 
occafioned the extravagancy of their Devotion,8c 
rendred them ridiculous to all Nations; for when 
they were poflefled with an Opinion, that God 

was to be adored in thofe Creatures where he ma- 
nifefted himfelf,they fondly abufed that homage, 
which was only due unto him, by aferibingit to 

the vileft Beings. 

.The World was reprefen ted by around Tem¬ 
ple,becaufe Divine Ma jefty hath created it for his 

own Glory,* to receive in it the Refpeds of all 
Creatures, and becaufe it appears like a large and 
a beautiful Edifice, excellently well adorned, fup¬ 
ported by the Power of God, covered with the 
Heavens, and diftinguilhed into feveral apart¬ 
ments. But to exprefs the Harmony and rare cor- 
Jfrefpondency that is in the World, between the 
Teveral parts, that compafHM&ey did put the 
Pi&ure of Tan, with two Horns upon his head, 
and a Rank of feven (lender Pipes in his hand, fo 
’ joyned together, that their Mufick could make a 

deafant Confort. The two Horns are taken for 


pleafant Confort 


4*5 














5 C&e rpiecoglpp!)fc{?3 Bookvf. 

the Sun, and the Garment of a Leopard Skin 
about his fhoulders, did reprefent the beautiful va. 
riety of the Stars. The ordinary Hieroglyphic $ 
of the World, was a Globe, in which were re- 
prefented the Circles of the Zodiack* with the 
Signs in it,and round about, a multitude of Stars. 
T his Globe was fuppor ted upon the back of a Man 
upon his Knees,which were covered with his long 
Garment, to fhewhow the World is upheld by 
the Power of God, who feems to be covered to 
the lower Ranks of Creatures, with divers Em¬ 
blems and dark fhadows. 

When they intended to point out the continual 
mutation of Creatures, and the change of one 
Being into another into the World,they did puta 

Snake reprefenting an Orb, biting and devouring 
its Tail, becaufe the World feeds upon it fell, 
and receives from it felfacontinual fupply ofthofe 
things that Time confumeth. Claptdian was ac¬ 
quainted with this Hieroglyphickj which he doth 
ingenioufly exprefs: 

Ferpetuurnqi virens fquammh^ cauddmque redutl 0 
Ore vorans , tacito relegens exordia morfn . 

The Year was aifo lignified by a Serpent, which 
bit his tail \ becaufe it doth run round, and end 

where it begins. 

The world was alfo reprefented in the Tem¬ 
ple of Seraph in Egypt , which flood in the City 
of Alexandria , by the Image of this God, made 
of all forts of Metals, of fuch a prodigious big¬ 
riefs, that it filled the Temple and reach’d with 
the head to the Roof, and with the hand to both 

fidcs. The Golden Head of this Idol did fignifie 
the Heavens-, the Shoulders and Stomach the Air^ 
the Belly, the Sea-,and the Earth was expreffed by 

the Feet, as the Idolfpeaks of it felf. Eiy.< 



i)iu to /©-, ' 

O V&VI& k'oo 7*©“ MQetid, yawp & &cLhaos&> 

r ^S po? riteW '** m'™’ • 

The excellent agreement of the Elements in 
the Generation of Creatures, was reprefented by 
an Otter, or anOftrich, becaufe they fubfift by, 

and in two Elements. 

Here it will be not amifs, to examm a 

difficulty, which we do frequently meet with 
in the Heathenifh Authors, as in thefe Verfes 

Of Lucan: 



The Right Hand and the left Hand of the £ 

World are often mentioned. There is a difpute 
amonaft the Learned concerning this particular. r wj- 

But it is certain, that the difference proceeds from 

their different manner of beholding the Sun and ^ ' vjj ^ 

the Stars. The Philofophers, as Arifiotle and ^ ittvficnasy 
plato > do make the Eaft to be the Right Hand, dei&ep T *_ 
and the Weft to be the Left,becaufe they confider ia^ew- 

theftrength of the Stars, and of Nature, which lcn - 
is far greater in the Oriental parts, than in the 
Occidental, becaufe there is the beginning of 
Motion, or becaufe the Philofophers and Aftrolo- 
gers did continually obferve the Motion ofthe 
Stars, and the Northern Pole, which caufe them 

to ft and in fuch a manner, that the Eaft was on 




4^8 

Nererthelefs 

avis fiftiflra 


Cfje IrteroffU’p&tcfts 


North on their left. The Augms, and the ‘Em 

Pnefts did thus conilder the Sun. in maffl. 


Book V, 


eftecmed .- ”—*•*■'- ‘> u “i m making 

rtuna” their O.bferyations, therefore the left hand of thf 


a fortunate 
Omen, and 

intonuit he- 
fww, i. e. a 
happy fign 


World 


their Writing 


. . - , w , the North,and 

the right hand is the South} from hence it is, that 

fimfter, the left, fignifies unhappy: For l he Hea 
thens lodged all the Evil Demons under the Nor 


hathappeared, T -n i 6 V: , i . lI1U 
becaufe the thern Pole^ and in thofe frozen 

left hand to fubjed to it 5 whereas they ii 


the 


good Genii did commonly 


the right t hern Countries 


,that are 
that the 
the Sou- 


hand to the 


The Holy Scripture feems 


II A A 1 ' fi%, f r ° m the y° n , h a!l ev ‘ ls P’ aU fi ow u P on the Earth. 

iA 4- &e - Ic , 1S certain,that the Northern Nations are more 


fign 


gare f av ° ur this Opinion, when it faith that All evil 

Jhpfl come from the North ; and in another nlace 

-L. nr: n -in ^ 1 


War-like, more fierce and 


them Peopl 


than the Sou 


becaufe the coldnefs of the Air 
hardens both their Minds and Bodies; All the 

Armies of People, that have over-run and de- 

ftroyed the World, proceeded from the North. 

The Gothss and Vatidals ^ and before them the 
Scythians in Jfia, the 2 \ormans, the Huns and 
Lonjrobxras , the Turks and Tartars , have plagued 

thefe Southern Nations, and forced them ode of 


their Dwelling 
be excepted : 


>. The 

but the 


O 


ir{teens and Romans may 

stter may be reckoned 


amongft our Northern People, and the former 
never made any great progrefs in their Conqueff$, 

the Turks u ’ 


and other Scythian Nations, had 


mingled amongft them. ’ 

At the Entry of all the Temples of£ w , a 
Sphinx was to be feen, which was to intima^that 
ail the Gods there worAipped } were myfterioufly 
reprelented, and that me common People could 

"nd V th dtp 0 J?l dtl . 1 . e :.T : aning . ofal1 the images. 


without an Interpreter 


A 


A Lion wiping out with its Tail the impref- T2 

Hons of its Feet, was the Hierodyyhickjzi the great 'bt v » * * 

Creatour, covering over the Marks of his Divi- J; ° ths ^ 1 c 
nity by the Works of Nature, and hiding his im- Lion ? Prov , 
mediate Power by the vifible Agency of inferiout 
Beings. It is reported of the Bear, that Nature 
hath taught unto it that cunning,to Hide in back¬ 
ward into its Den, for fear of being difeovered by 

the greedy Hunter. 

A wicked Angel is fignified by a Viper-, for as 
the Poyfon of Vipers is quick and powerful, fo 


thofe deftroying Spirits 


nimble 


bring 


ing to pafs the 


of Mankind, and nothing 


can 

* 

God 


ppofe them, but the Grace and Power of 


The. Egyptians did put a Vulture to exprefs Na¬ 
ture *, for the NatWalifts tell us, that this kind 
of Bird conceives not according to the ufual man¬ 
ner, by Copulation with a Male, for they are all 
Females} they do therefore bring forth Eggs, by 
receiving into their Bodies the Northern Wind, 
or as fome fay the Weftern, which caufeth them 


prefently to 


Thus Nature brings forth 


many Creatures by extraordinary means,not well 


known to 


( 


Diana,, or the Moon, was 


prefertted with when it 


three Heads, the one of a Dbg, the fecond of a its full, i 
Horfe,and the third of a Man,to ftiew the different P en ? th< ! 


Effects of the Moon 


Heaven 


Earth, and 


HelLor in the bofom of the Earth 


Fruits of the 
Earth, there¬ 
fore it had a 


Wifdont , was painted as a beautiful Woman ear of Corn 
with four Ears, and four Hands, but with one one hand, 

Tongue, which was hid within her lips, that were 
fhut dofe.^ - 

We irravfeere take notice.that when the Prieffs 


of 




ere take notice,that when the Priefts 
y^d to the Gods ? they appeared in 

black 


« 


- / 


black Cloaths, whereas other Nations made their 

addrefles only to the infernal Spirits, with Gar¬ 
ments of that colour. 

Truths was exprefled by a Heart upon the Lips 


of a Man. 

Unity and Wtfdotn ., were r 
Sun, and its beautiful Beams ^ 
Felicity , by the fruitful Olive 


prefented' by the 

Peace and Worldly 

tree ^ Liberty and 


Pie a ft 


by the Vine 5 Chaftity , by Beans 


7 


Plentiful Increafefyy Muftard Seed, that grows up 
into many branches. 


Argus, with 


Head full of Eyes, did fignifie 
. The Eyes of our Creator are 


this great World. The Eyes of our Creatoi 
every where, all things do take notice and 
witnefles of our behaviour. 


In the City of Troy ftood 


Image of a Man 


1 


which had three Eyes in the Forehead, to exprefi 
the Providence of God,that is acquainted with dll 
oura&ions. 

The four Elements fufpended in the Air*, were 
intimated byj»w,hang’d up by Jupiter in thc Skie, 
with weights at her Feet 


The Heavens were painted as a beautiful young 
Man, with a Scepter in his right hand,the Sun and 
Moon in his Breaft, a Crown upon his head, a 
Garment adorned with Stars without number, 
training to the ground, and an Urn full of Fire in 
his left hand, fending up a great flame with a 


of the Pencil 


as large a Commentary to expound every draught 
of the Pencil, as the Phyfical Defcriptions & Ex¬ 
positions of the Philofophers: for there is fcarce 
any thing to be faid of Heaven , but is contained 

in thefe compendious Hieroglyf hicks. 


The Youthful Face of the Jtieavens, 
their immutability, conftancy, and uncorruptible 


Heavens, infirrtates 


Giorj 


Glory that never falls to decay. The Scepter and 
Crown fignifie the Dominion and Power that the 
Celeftial Globes do exercife upon the inferiour 
Beings. The Sun and Moon in the Breaft,point 
at the two beautiful Luminaries that fliine in the 
Firmament, and that are the immediate Caufes of 
Life and Motion, and the Means by which God 

produces,fo many Wonders in the World. The 
pot full of flames, with a burning heart that ne¬ 
ver confumes, (hews, that the Almighty Power 
of God reftrains the enmity and feeming difeord 
of the Elements,from producing a confufion ,&c. 

The Relation between Heaven and Earth, was 
exprefs’dby a Man,with hands tyed with a Chain 
that was let down from the Clouds, fopthere is 
nothing here below never fo great antbpowerfuf, 
but is held by a fecret Chain,by which the Divine 
Providence can turn and wind it at pleafure. 

All the Images of the Gods were myfterious 
Hierodyphicks, invented by ingenious Men, to ex- 
prefslome Myfteries which they would not re¬ 
veal to the People. 

9 . 

1 • 

_ 

t 

i • 

CHAP. II. 

Of Man, and Things relating to him. 



M Ans Condition in the World, was exprefled 

by thefe Five Hier oglyphicks *, the Head of 
a young Infant, an old Mans Head, a Hawk,a Fifh, 
and a River-horfe.The Infant and the gray Hairs, 
do fignifie his Death, which fucceeds his Birth s 
the Hawk, God’s feve to Man^the Fifh,his Death 
and Burial *, and the River-horfe, the irrefiftible 








fee Mtmftsr A furioi] 

Cofmog. . . tjphis Prey 
index Cciudct , from ( 

ficut eqno“ a Womans 




DUUK 


A furious Man, was intimated by a Lion eating 

p bis Prey. A Religious Man, by a Lion Tun¬ 
ing from a Cock. A Whore by a Lion with 
Womans Head,becaufe her Countenance is fair. 


rum aures , m her Speech moft pleafant, and her Allurements 

piiiT P ower ^ u ^ blit her Nature is fierce and cruei, an| 
Nat. Hi a. i.8, intends only ,to prey upon both Body and 
B zCfmai Eftate. A merciful.Man, was painted by a Lion 
mhSv 7i $ having companion op a Lamb lying at jhis feet; 

The fury and impatiency of a Lover, by a Lion 

Tbeocrit. of a devouril / g a Heart. * T* 

fliny mentions 


^‘mentions A Kingwas fignified by an Elephant, becaufe 

many wonder- this Beaft is very Noble in his carriage,, and can 

ful things of never bow the Knee* befides, he is a great en£ 

my of Serpents, as Princes muft be of Thieves & 

’A etAivMot- Robbers, who are the Serpents of a Common- 
xov aveipw- Wealth. The Elephants are Very bountiful: for 


bow the Knee* befides, he is a great en& 


my of Serpent 
Robbers, who 


3 


Princes muft be of Thieves & 


wealth 


the Serpents of 


Common 


KZQ&vjb 

iVj 

•iv\xfe€ 


The Elephants are Very bountiful 


3 


for 


they will deliver into the hands of theirFavourites, 


fuch things as they 


get 


The Elephant 


jv ' very temperate and juft, a great enemy of Hog 

X"'* . ^ I-ilf'hvT rirp^fnrpe Hp‘ fp>prhe frt li *1 Tf n o Vv*«on^b 


Oppian. de 
venation ?. 


and filthy Creatures. He Teems to have a greater 
meafure of Knowledge and Judgment bellowed 
upon him,than other Brutes * and it is reported, 

that he doth worfhip every new Moon towards 

Heaven,and exprefs by his outward aftionsTome 


fenfeof a Supreme Being 

Hieroglyphic^ of Piety, a 


therefore he was the 
well as of a kind and 


harmlefs Nature, for the Elephant never offends 

Creatures, that are not hurtful of themfelves; ; He 

1^ 

will march amongft innocent Lambs, without of¬ 
fering the leaft injury to them*, whereas if he be 
offended, he will fpare nothing, and dread no 
danger, that he might ff ek a revenge; For that 
purpofe, fome fay, that Nature hath provided 


he Elephant with two Hearts, the one iifdfiles 

T\ _ H £ _' t . t 


him to Peace, Mercy, and Goodnefs 






when 


' < • , 

when he is affronted, moves him to.take Venge¬ 
ance. All thefe Obfervatlons of the Elephant, 

caufed the Egyptian Wife-men to make him the 
fjiemlyvhickipi a good King, who is a promoter 
of Juftice, a Protedtor of Peace, a Friend of all 


H 




Friend of all 


moral Verities 


Enemy of voluptuous Swine 


He is harmlefs amongft Lambs, unmerciful to 

Dogs,couragious in the profecution of his juft de- 
figns,refolute in overcoming difficulties, merciful 

to the humble, and fevere to fuch as do withftand 

his Royal Authority and Power. 

A Prieft,or a Man whofe Office obliged him to 

give his attendance in the Service of the Gods, 
was exprefled by a CynocephaliUy riding upon a r i fli 
in the River. The Priefts of Egypt did abftain 
from all kind of Fiffi. SomeEave thought, that 
this Hkroglyfkick. therefore did fignifie abfti- 
nence, which was thereby recommended to fuch 
Perfoqs. I rather think, that the River is the un- 
conftant World, the Fifties are the Paffions of 
the Soul and the Pleafures of the Body, which 
fuch muft mafter and overcome, who intend to 
offer acceptable Sacrifices to Almighty God, and 

be worthy of that moft Divine Office of Prieft- 
bood. 

A Learned and an accomplifhed Man was fig- jyfa 

pified by a Stag, lying upon its fide, chewing its a timorous 
Meat. The Horns of this Beaft are the Hierogly- man. Pry. 
p hicks of Power, Authority, and Dignity, unto 

which fuch deferve to be promoted. of the 

A cunning Server of Times* was ^xprefled by a Trojans fnt ho* 


k. 


Hedge-hog, becaufe this Creature hath always mt. il. N. 3 
two or three holes, where it retreats; when the 


where jt retreats *, when the 

ifterous at one hole, it creeps . 


Wind is cold and boifterous at one hole, it creeps 

• - • . _ . — "4 


the other,and thus it changeth its d 

‘ J 9 K. *4- ' 



nr 


with 


the weather 


£ 


A 


dVctMi{ 

Oppian* 



a 


A Babbler, m Epepyof gpod Manners 


1 A 


cm 

to 



lane Petm 

6 g,"whereo 


We r&Ye 


* 'Me 


log, whereof the filtHy d: 

hated by all. the Eaftern 


, -771 

.«?JWfa gran' 


d 


that, it was a great Crime, for feme. Priefts, w 


did wait upon the Altars of die Gods, to ton 


Hog. A voluptuous Man, living ,itea|e arid care- 
lefnels, had the honour alio to be expreffed by 
this Animal. Some Malioffs did Sacrifice a Hog 
for fuch as grew mad, arid when any had kill’d a 
Man, and was tormented with the Furies of his 


therefore fatisfie the angry Divinities, burn Sucking Pigs 

-jp**-* an< ?wafh hisriands wi/thS 

immok. Prov. B|ood. They imagined that the foiil ftains of 


Confidence for his Crime; he did 


fo 


Apollon, lib.4 


Murder, were thereby walhed away, as you mav 
fee in thefe Verfcs. 1 m 

> . : ; /V 

H$aTct piy (tTgitfoio MTHetoy tiy* tp’ovm, , ; r. : .f 


t f ?'i 


tlpO^ATU /21 


TfHvaum Kodvirzfay wdf 7h©-, m %rt ptetfa} 
riArt^ufoP hoyim Ivl v»cupart XP&S 

TiypiVy &foT{/.YI*yti<kL : i i .' 

A Man with an excellent faculty OfLeatnirii 


hs. Prov. was fignified by a She Goatffiecaufe'that CtiatUre 


Fod 


like a hath a very acute hearing 


A Fool was expreft by a Sheep, therefore ovites 
mores, are ftupSd and filly cuftoms^ betaufe there 


to fo>,^and tJle Hierogl)fhic\ of a good~Governotfr, and of 


Beall ft m pier than Sheep 


but the Ram was 


Lupus 


War 


mateda Wolf j from hence therefore Lup 
toe. fignifies fuch an impudent Womdn,andX^^ 


m 


The fhamefal Manners of 


Whore were inti 


a Baw?ly-houfe. l * 

A fearful and a timorous Man, Wa$ alfo f^pre- 
fented by a Wo If, for the leaft accident wilfflaitle 

this 




this Beaft, and although it wants not corirrige 

■' L* ri ■ » • f V T* : « A f»*n 1 A rvP n 


t+iS 


to encounter with 


Enemy 


afraid of 


t- ' + * 


Stone. 


: A Mail encompaffed in with difficulties and 
troubles, was fignified by one who held a Wolf 
fell by the Ears. sV . _ 


An unconftant Fellow was 


Hy 


< l * 


a 


« 

prelied by a 


mentioned by Plinius, of the co- Lib. 8.cap, 30# 


lour and bignefs of 


Wolf. 


It 


of the Male 


Sex one y£ar, ! aud the next it becomes a Female,a$ 

feriullidn witnefietb, Hy&mm fi obferves , fexm 


R 


- *1 ; 


\MU efiy -mrem & fieminm 


altermt 


This ( P 0V0V T£ 


CfCature was alfo put to lignifie a brave Courage, 
thafi can defie all difficulties, and look upon the 


fro whs of fortune with 


generous 


* 

i 


JVcr/fepX.ctT 

diud-ii VCUVdLf 

$ [Av vrotyfyU 

ay x} cu'Trohl* 
eov oteTtia&v 


for, as the Naturalifts do fay,that the skin of this 
Animal can procure unto us the privilege of ^ ^ 
paffing through the greateft dangers^ without Ki0Slv ^ 

harm^tho Mari fb well refolved,and fo well ftreng- kC~ 

Ihened againft the attempts of Adverfity, can re- ww. o P pW 

ceive no dammage from thofe things that bring o- de Vtnau L ^ 

thers to deftruflion. 

•A great Hypocrite, or a notable diffembler of 


notable diffembler of 


wicked Intentions, was expreffed by 

I 


Leopard 


becaufe this Beaft doth craftily diffemble, & hide Pk“. 1. 8. u 4 > 
its head from being feen, that it might with Ids m ■ '“?• 11 ' 
difficulty Catch its filly prey •, for the Beafts are as ... 


much frighted at it 


plealant 


i g 

lc 


rey; for the Beafts areas - , 

they are taken with the ^atopw^ 

of its Body. When therefore they 


come towards it, -to delight themlelves with bfone that, 
the perfume .that it yields •, it will cover the diflembWw 
He 4 with its Paws^ Until they come Within its do *^*“5 

teach. t __i j/ 

An incorrigible Perfon was alfo exprefled by ai 

Leopards Skin, becaufe there are fuch tpots in itj 
that no art can remove or whiten, * 

Be i 4 


the diffembics 


> 


that no art can remove or whiten 


E 


z 


i 





439 

'Aftrn Biyfti- 
us, Pfov. a 
great Dunce. 




9 ! i 







r; 


DUOji . , 


* * 


> J 
.. * 


X .*• .1 


r • 1 'v- i 


r 


» * 


* r ' i 


% ,m im.m .>■to 

ay an ■ Ais. 

* . 1 /• ' f 


i - < 


I ‘ ' .. A • ^ * * 


of ttie Gods 


j • /. v 


or 


long life.. The Kings of .-Egypt had Afps u fualb 


( 


\ - « 


holinefs of their Perfons, whom none ought to 
difhonour or injure without a lignal puniOun^ 
for they are the molt Sacred Images and Lieute¬ 
nants of God upon Earthy and a!fo;to fignifie 


. 4 


— 4* 


\ 


encounter with a Serpent, and fhonld meet-vritji 
nothing but venomous and deadly rmdfes:T A 


nothing but venomous and deadly repulfes.7 A 
Powerful and a Warlike Prince, was figeifiedby 
a Serpent in an Orb, carefully looking to, oy-eary 

thing within its Sphere. The wifdoro of rtijis 


. * 


Government of Kingdoms and States*: , ;J iUs i 

When the Egyptians intended to exprefs aagyil 
Effeft out of a good Caufe well defigned, 4ljey 
did put a Bird called tbit and a Bafilisk-togethf£, 
for they do fay, that out of the Egg of an, 

the Bafilisk doth often proceed; for;that 
they break all fuch Eesswhen they End them., for 


r. - * 


venomous Serpents. 


4 • 


i > ' , • f *> ' V —\ 

‘ 1 •' 71 


A flothftil Man was dignified by a Croeqjdily, 
cmoiiii Ucty bearing on the head the feather of an 

SwiTriV. hadl ruch 3 iecret power upon the Crocodifelfest 

^ciutti tears# i • t-i i • n • i • r* . .1 


- * • 


when its Body is ftrokM with it,this S.erpeqtithat 


jkUefor a. time. 


/ '* •' , * 


» i i * * ' ,* 


• ~ ,* V • 

4 4 . 


.y->:bo U ■:r. 


■\ -M. u q rvi '•{ 

A W - -1 


* /' 


/ 4 


no cj 


*A 


/ ' t 


. * 
l 


Gh.* 


<j;a- 






j - 


> ; * 




r v 


T -4 




V % 


* 


* 


f*' 


i^r. 


* r« - ^ 




a 


n/i 


i * i ■ 




-a 


l 


/ / 


f 1 • 


I 


jr- 




. i 


Prov. p//». of 
a very rare 


• * 


>> 


• * 


7 : # 


« • 




> /■* 


i ' 




wereex 0 


/ > 


1 










• 4 




f ' 




% . •- 


* * 


•-» 




% t 


t 


r 


■ A 


commonly reprefentbd by 25 

' ' J . A . . , i • tnn/iul/ituY s/ir. 


a 


n 


i 

? 


V 


r 


t: 


% ♦ 


t- mm' 






4 Lr 


unes. 


modulatur car - 
wiff/x lingua , 
Cantator eye• 
nusfuneris 
ipfefui. Mart. 


1 nv; 7IUAIauu nwuiv ^ ^ T ^ 17 

^^ifeitafied by a Cock, fathers 1 $ nQBM 

h ‘fft<yre i generous,and braver Gourage, undaunted . 






- ; r • -w - 
.u" ! ‘ 


V I 


. 4 


\ ' 


A - 




3 




IS 


V C. 


•m I 


re 


Miafilis , 


1 f- 




.V 


v^rtrov dnJby 
- Oppian. 

v ytmu 


<*. 






: ^ 


l i 


/ 




I 


T / 


.vr 




f ^ 

1 • «*• 

/ r i 



reat 




i 


• * *’ 


» j - 




wTiich hinders them from making a noife, and 


/• 


* \ 


* 4 * 


^ k 


Aft' impious Wretch, was 


prefented by the p//*./, s.c.a^ 


Hippopotamus , a Creature thatlives in the Water 
as'-Well-as in the Air, and is like unto a Horfe •, 
for'it is fo wicked, that it will kill Father and 
;’Mdtfterf and tea r them in pieces with its Teeth. 

' Ah dgnorant Fellow, who was not acquainted 


, - n 


5 ^ * * 


* • 


i the World, waspam 

and Ahes Ears. Th 


Aftni caput ns 

laves nitro . 

Pro. Don c 


yhe fpend you 


Yf l-tvt ' Ull niiV J - n J 

were wont to put the Heads of Animals bou n r J pon an 
upon Mens Bodies, to exprefs the inclinations head, 

E 


4 



» 



t 





€t 



* 



tmtoJucb Beaftsp 

i ( 't An hon^ft Man 


Book V. 

> were likq 


i v ■ 

iTi u 


•*-' * -j 


Tjr ■ v 


*i. 


/ 

i 

- : > 


/ ♦ 


« > « 


- i- 


a Chain upon his Bread. ' * - 

The life of a Religious Man was exjpreffed by 
the Palm-tree, whereof the Root isunpleafantto 
look upoi i, but the Fruki and Branches are grated 

ful both to the Ey , and to the Tafte. 

The Priefts of-Egypt did vrear'ndthjpg but Pa¬ 
per Shooes, therefore it was the Hiet-bglyphick of 
Pfi eft hood antoiigft them. • 

The Nature of Man, was reprefente&ijjbyi 

Womjfn, having her Hair Handing ftraigHfcoip, 


• 


down. 


The Hair is in lieu oftheRodts; this 


therefore declares how out Count rev is Heaven, 

C. . . . * 1. . ^ • • « . . • « * m . . • ^ 






Ch. i* 



that - the. Ants hate to 

therefore, that it was 


,V-n 


\ 


u 


■} 




era 


i 




*• 11 


S' I 


Com from thefe kind of Vermin, they covered it 

mm * . 1 V* ^ ^ ^ J a A I 


k *4 


> i 


1 

irate the 






The Wolves bate an 
)wls Plantanfche- 

f 


t 


caufe thefe Herbs have s virtue contrary, to the 
nature of thefe Creatures. A very fober Man was 

reprelented by a wild Goat, for it is reported of 

this Animal, that lives in the Defer* places not 

^ ^ _ j ■rvf'ktrrVi Mnunfnms and 


• » 


- » 


« _ 


*w. 


V 


Hy wiuuwuu vwv — t - ♦ v i u c }ii 

, :A Tigr is a moft cruel Animal,.therefore tt 

figniftes a favage Nature, cruel, revengeful,^ 


is 


* 


tteeMalls into an impatient rage when it hears 

- . « « m r* -i t _ ri_ 


. •- 


s 


r 


is a 


l 




i* 


ar>rica iv 
thecoma 
Creature 


• t 


* 


LV ^ 


(- 


* veryuleful^imaUftron| 

iabOTldM; and very ddciie-, therefore it a c * ountrey 

ar > rich Man '.and a good Si^bjed:, that lUDmitsto Fc u ow t hac 

th^commaad of his Superiours*, and becaulethis wou id dance, 
Creature; iath fp great'refpeft, for its f™V**J* 

t&; rtfnfe Copulation with the$>a Camef is a Hit - ^ ^ 
rbtlwkickpi filial Reverence. f . mtts. Horat. 

n A Fox* is jaoted for its craftmefs, therefore it is M{r? * fT/ . 

the Emblem of a fubtil Fellow, fu 11 of w icked m- 

+**+l*„c Pr0V ‘ 

tefttions.. - 


-V 1 


c 


I V 


» *1^. 


7 






klM 


..A ,good Choice was enrolled by a Moute or 




Am 

Th?t 


3 £'>J 


lull'-* w v ciuiui v-cui i*y ped froni 4 

i -and find out the belt Cheefe or Apple a- danger which 

iVrtiatmanv 4 1 \ he doth not 

JlS^named D/^canfed by its hi; jg»|b«m 

ijCjii-A Wisftithat notMng is able to appeafe ^ t0 ver . 

^§^fete i this 'R^ptil is.' put to figmnean m i Qi ^ m riu 

E 6 4 unla- 

♦ 

* • 



t 


440 


wwvwwwm 1 




B oak 


Tifl 


Vtii- Fro. or 
one that e- 

fcapes out of 
one danger, 
and falls into 


Pro. of Soul 


i^TT" — '•wsy i e vM‘. (j-utugki n j 

The flyr/nr is the 


tion and mud 
bafeand,ungr 


*• 2 V 


* < x • 


»v 


•• r 


«eray and MW*? P***#* iAVenfi, tba6;Ef»W,lNge 

faifes many. in.tbe lovreft Valleys, and hides its head amongft 
Ovid. thetaoftconteinDtibleStuff. To fionffier,hatPfe. 


r v 


‘ * 


ty is 


•> 


>1: 


^ « *. • \< 


a 


r » 


9 ft 


Storks head, and fupported upon the hoof ofcft 

ftijerrhorfe. The Stork is febfcjn 

which the Scepter fhould maintain , apd fuppprx 


hoof of the River-horfe ^ for this Anim^li & 
Cruel and rapacious, it hath no regard pf jt^p^ 
rents, but inhumanely murders them in n&jgge 

The Prince that will Jive in fafety,mi# ke.ep.?uch 

impious fetches, as may be compart tor { jthii 

Brute, underhand nor fuffer them tn 




W V 


> 


I 


*. I 


u 1 




^ • 


„ 4 


* *«- * > * V 


couragement to 

feen. 


u. *■— 


~ v 




• 3 


whqnj. .fjyey'at^fo^he 


> -I 


!**\ O' > fT. 

A-/ i- C. r i. A«. 


r 

a 


An Eagle is a noble Bird,, therefore it.figfiifies 


of the World 


4f 7* > A1 V Vil\ 

fignifies alfo 

Prov. Briye ‘ fearch ° f <“b1 

Souls (corn Tocxpref 
mean employ- JZgxmiays did 

mews, liwor o /rr^f m 


an 


• 


>f v * p * w 


. hi it 


\ * 






fell 


r 


• * r v *•' O 

/ IU 


To exprefs a Man dead in a very ojd. agn ,tfce 


) 


while. 


y.: .r: 


i — 




* i 


ft 


n*4 I r ! ' 


.* - . '«J - A* 


was the Hieroglyph 


■ , c*- y n*T « r • • 






♦ V 


tfj 


inertafe 




44 * 



fee 




Booled 


A Creature proud of its natural perfa 
was fignified by a Peacock wkhbeautifuhPl 
in a pcftuce of admiring them? and expo 
them to the Sun beams. . / ^ ,r 






J .V ' 


A 

1 7 


f> r 


. 4 


• -N. 


Egyptian un 

Heaven} for as the Grafhopper deferved, their 
admiration* becaufe thatkfingsfo well without a 

Tongue * fo that thefo Men that attained tofuch 


A Grafhopper was the Hieroglyphic ^ of ? a? 

yptian Divine * Learned m the My ft cries of 


the Superiour Beings, by dark Hieroglyphic^ 
and fignificant fhadows did require no lets tbdr 
efteem and admiration. It was alfo the repre- 




qmet 


the Summer, but fills the Air 


with its importune Singing 




1 


« * 


i .»■ 


Telyfu Pror. 
Fools and Mi 
fers. 

tJf.llCL'H* 

TIokJ^Q- 

thf09 iX&V' 

Prov. of a 


therefore put 


exprefs a covetous Mi fur* that 


VJ 


A Chameleon was the Hiiroglypbickfkfisxk Hy- 


fellow lives, and that can beofanyReligion,and take any 

II 




^ttrc8€#AA- reported of this Animal, that itcan change it felf 


7 *tf<§K 

More change 
able tlian a 
Chameleon, 
Prov. 


into any colour but whiteahd red 


/ m * • • 


it is a 


f » 


- 4 . 


•,* .• t \\r 




Prov. # The Egyptians reptefenteditTwimming biithe'top 
Arip. /. 2 . d* of a River, furrounded with the hot beams .of the 

mfu.%. noon 1 * 

35 power of aTyrant, ftomyvhdfe Hands he„cah$Qt 


a 


/I .(1 r 

hec 


Jspfthe 

ihtoihe 

* * yt 


efcape, for they fay : that* the $ 
charm the* Tortoife, thaf it <can' 
change its relidence. Ii ‘ is of a p 
and (low in its inarefc therefore i\ 


V ^ v • 1 * vt 


Id's 


”1 ^ . r\ ■ 

^ r ; ? 5 * 




< r 


U 


Li 


* • ^ 


J 1 


' v 


t : > ii *-< - 


re 


, It.rl ‘ 1 r> T 7 . J1;i 


ei 




\ rr t-tj 




I 


4 


a 


d.iigns of fuch as would labour to i 


per ion 


• r< 






« y 


condition 




as Plato faithi the Soul of Man, a 


is from the Shell, 1 doUs Hick to it, andisimpa- 


i 


y 


k 

S 


P 


( 1 5 


ihafSupferiour, where is an abode mote liutame 

to its: mature. '' ' . . ,, 

Sedition in a Commonwealth was intimated by 

two 1 tbbtets fighting one with another. The 


-A' 


Shakes 
to fifci 


I { 

1 7 • 

r • c 


on 


v / 


> 


tans 


\ 




• * 


• 1 


O ^ - 


r 


4 » 


% > * > 


* * 


1 • • 
A % » 


iJ 

,/ 
14. 


s J 


% • 


r ' • 


l 


- -*r v 




r- 


11 'V 




'• 'VC ■"? 


■& 


v i* / 


!bi ;if 0'ii- 


i r 1 > 


V 


Li V 




‘-r 


‘t**. 1 




onic 


* I \ 




4 e 


' r 


6 


id 


< *» 


j t - 


v 


CHAP. lit ; 


% * 


* r 


options of Living Creatures, 


r •> # » 




t k % 




jphtckotal 

four, jt is 




> v. J 1 * 

vi i. L.. y 


i 


*he is therefore fhe, 
rider,and of a brave . 


« • 


S > 


p k 


r.‘V 


4 r 

j ivn/i 


' • <- 1 ^ :r 


• • ^ s* 
V ' - L • 


,P^ 


«R 




* -4 «*-• r - 

L‘ & 


if l 


- f 


v •. 


:n na 

11 LtiO 


i i 


that when immlmia. 

is an Ape, ^rrijas* Prow 






A. i 


* M 1 




3 wm 


V c. - 


The 


i 






;X- 


oocgi yu 

1 


VmxXtw J The Rninocerote is: the uni com 1 Jpjf k 

•tvyQr, t#i* ptures, for there is no fuch Brute asisxkfcdl& 


t®v (hfj-tu 


unto 


like a Horfe, with a ftrcight Horirin 


I 


N 


eiSvnveQ '« «• iuv. 611L wjuin in 

-rn>2vykj-v the Fore-head, as the Learned Bochatimhm 

oppian proved. This Animal is not much inferiour t& the 
faith,that they Elephant,either in ftrength,courage,or bigriefshf 


are all Males, 
netmr^’ 


Body 


Vl c 


* \ 


appevzs )y 

MrQ 7 i$nhis 


to exprefs anger 


It is very cholerick, therefore it is put 


KA . A . - 


, : ■ v, 1 


A Horfe covered with his Harnefs 


the 


e^Tflu ^-xs- Hieroglypbick of War* Speed; and amonglh the= 
wMtw* Soothfayers,. of the Supreme Command j arid of 


& Vmu /• 2 . vidorv* 

«o the Ele- related 


asr we 




by • Curtins 


phant. v.lin. jnto Babylon in a erfinn Habi{ 


/ 


u 


dri 

O 




The Soothfayers 


• • * 


•* • ^\ r' ~p. 


U 8 . c. 2o. did then declare, that Alexander would gebthfc 

.Vidory. i, : oyeI bns 

Tjlpa tacior. A Prophet, or a Prophefle, was exptfdM ijqjj 

Prov. 'Mole, a Creature that is without Eyes, tolfh^P 

Blinder than a hqw Man Is naturally blind, and canhave no cle^ 

Mole. c~u+ ____ 


T<itpa factor 
ProV. 


fore-light oi. the time to come, by tl 
Nature, without a Divine Revelation 


* • 


t. *» 


*■ * 


us with many doubts and dark fhadows, which 
hinder us from a perfed and clear difeovery.' ■ 

A Dog, with a Diadem upon his Head] was 
the representation of a Law-giver, and a diligent 
Prince. The Nature of this Creature teadutH 
us diligence* care, and watchfulneft WoufrUm^ 

ploy meats, obedience and love to our SuberroUrs; 


• r 


and faithfulnefs to our truft 


-* * 


s ~Kw3< e(A(jtttT* 


Ape an Hypocrite. 


» 1 V v ,*JmV 


4 .« 


/ 


•i 


5»p^«r. Horn. 


4 * • 


L * V' 


r laborious, provident, loving to one another] 


Nature, therefore their virtues havetlefen^da 

place 


i 


i » 


jp 


i 






il 


f % 


v ^ 


4 


W - 


\ • 


* 


■ * 




4 , 


* k W . 


1 


.15 

A ‘ - 


^ • • < 
% w 


-r'J 


•. * *> 


ft‘ ft 




one anotlwr. • _ ’ ;V 

;i T4e Hyena? mentioned before, is 


Grange 




. 1 a \ 


* 


un- 


• ‘ ■< 


1 


r . %; V*' 


* 


4 1 


• • ft i ' 


■ .. / 


• l 


4 _ l ^ 




Revenge, was intimated by a Tyger devouring 

a Horfe •, a good eye fight, by a Lynx, which is a 

Beaft near ot kin to a Wolf. . ' 

; Tbs Bear comes into theWorld with milhapen rkm J' 


Nl *r 


* 7 


iVt 


- ft* 


Wt C r 


♦ M ‘ 


V.9 




V *4. - 


' *r“ 




the Mothers do fo lick ■ the young, that at § ?; 


laft, the Eyes, Ears, and the other Members ap- 
OTarttiissefore the wife Egyptians have made him , Q - { 

thp u good Proficient,whom time 

and labour bring to perfedion. It is alfo re- ctJ'4'XK*- 
potted of.the Bear, that he feeks Bee-hives, not 


1 


Out ot^ penru 0 * -noncy, uul muy lu ^ 

Bess, and oblige them to Ring his lazy body, and 


;?i?r 

'■•.Vi 




r , 3 Yjgaaney*(Or WHtehfulnefs, was exprefied 


-1 / 




7 


Of the firft it is faid, that it fleeps 

ft a. 

A aB • 




! 4 


V 1 


> 


' * •*“» T 


Thef^tialeVfer deftroys the Male at the time 

' i A « .. . _ i.L. 




in- 


. 


; *» 




* K 




_ • 

venomous than ftrong 


nothing can cure the 
> cunning in watching a 




. ^ 

♦ ‘ 


;> J} 


*is - 



ftsidierefo 






It 


ali 


» ft 




?■ -* ii 1Q' 


ty 


f » 


The 



% " 

K a} 2 A\(t“ The Salamander lives in the flames, wither 

fjLavfpHov t ft- receiving theleaft prejudice^from the violence^ 

the heat, becaufe, as tMtttifter relates, Undas 


>\ > M .. U1V AIVUWJ MV W ' wm>w**rjwww UUU QJ 

to Se- 5 other Authors obferve, it is of fuch a cold and 
s-o/oJf I*™- moift conftitution, that the Fire cannot fpeedily 
p©- olfjiov i - have a power to prejudice it,The Sj)»/>%»Prieft$ 
y*™ t ojvtcu did therefore put it to fignifie a brave and gene- 
ttK^iku©- xa rnnft rnnrape. that the Fire of affliction Carinrrt 


&c 


Nicand 


Tbtriac , 


rous courage, that the Fire of affliction Cannot 
overcome nor con fume. c Plmtu obferves Of this 
Beaft, that it infetts all Fruits that it toucheth, 
and leaves them fome impreffion of its cold na¬ 
ture, fo that they .become afterwards as dange¬ 
rous as poifofl. '■ * 


* 


: - -. * 


\ * 


: 1 4 * ^' -f • • 

f c • » t; : > 


- A 


The Owls are Enemies of the Storks, when 
therefore thefe do fly in theEvening,e^E//^fahlii 
that they arm themfelves with the Leaf 1 of a 
Plane-tree, which hath the virtue of protecting 
them from the violence of Owls *, for if they offer, 
to touch this kind of Leaf, they are deprived # 
fome of their Senfes, as if they were bewitched 
This Bird is of an excellent difpofition, the youh|' 
ones do help the old, and furnifli them with Food, 
when they are not able to provide it for them- 
felves, therefore in Hebrew David calls them 

ITTDn Pf. 104 . 17 . from the Root *1011 Mercy 

toSerpeno^ or Goodnefs, becaufe this Bird is of fuch a com- 

p * paflionate and merciful Nature, as to fupport the 

weaknefs of their Parents: This good Bird Ihamts 

the ill difpofitions of Mankind. 

. , , There are alio many remarkable things related 

together, < "they °f the Cranes: When any of their company fall in- 
reprefent a A, to difgrace,they all fall upon him, as the common 

therefore the 

Poet faith, Turbabit verfut nec liter 4 tot* vaeabit , Unmptrdideris fi Valtrtt* 


disavm. .Martial. 1 , 15. £ 

becaufe fiotn them he tod 
Companies, 


They are named the Birds of pal*rxqks t 
Letter which they reprefeat in flying in 


teJfi^e wont m ev^ry nation y rorimey wm 
4 me.to injure him, whofc unhappinefs it is. to 
£« an tii Renort •. therefore this Bird was the 




\ 


HUmhpbick of Democracy 
The Vulture fignifies Met 


for the Natura 


lifts fay, that ihe never feeks any Prey, nor flies 

* ' I 3 ^ v h _ * 1 _ _ __„ ~ 


from her Neft 


the young 


come to 


handfomO)bignefs,in the mean while,flie nourilhes 
them with her blood, which he caufeth them to 

fuck out of her Thighs and Breaft. 

The-Eagle was the Hieroglyphick of Profyerity, 
Majepiy, a Moble Mind, and of Liberality. Mnn- 

jter faith, that the Eagle freely gives of its plenty 


# ♦ 


siq 

bib 


uiia 


Pror 


the reft of the Bir 


that corne round about 


when it hath any thing to fparc 


The Qwl 


ominous Bird, the Hierody 


pte^ pTOeath, and Unhappinefs, of a wicked 

an Hypocrite that hates to be feen 

in thefigjit of the Sun. Neverthelefs, when the 

Owl is Perceived Jiving* the A mures have 


thehghcofthe Sun 


is 


objferyefl,, Hhat this was a fign of Vl&ory and 


r 


i ' \ 


4 4 




lookt upon the Goofe Mu voltt* 


asahappy Bird, becaufe of its importune and un- 
pleaiantcry, The Egyptiansdid thereby exprefs 
a vain Babbler, or a filly Poet. 

, A ,Qpaii was the Hieroglyphick of Impiety, 
becaufe they fay, that this Bird doth furioufly 
chatter, and torment her felf, as if lhe were of¬ 
fended when the Crefcent of the Moon firft ap- 


PrO Y 


/ 


The pftrich did fignifie Juftice, becaufe moft ? 

of her feathers are of an equal length. A Bat, a Ikkitov 

Man raifed from the duft>to an undeferved degree 
of Honour. And becaufe thefe laft kind ofCrea- 

-.VC IV • nr n' 1 ‘ .t ' 1 li^L f 'r 1 &?{*»*• 


turesxio/affifl: one; anothcr%3nd ftick cloic together^ 

when 


r 44 ? 


tS %z |3{erogfpptf£6s 


BookV 
_ „ * 
two Bats are 


P Ik, 1,2. e , 2 i. 


when they apprehend any dangeri two Bats are 
reprefented together,to intimate mutual love and 

friendfhip, which fhould oblige us to give fuccour 
to one another. 

It is reported of the Lapwing, that it is a great 
devourer of Grapes, therefore many times it is 
giddy by too much eating of the Grape. But Na¬ 
ture hath taught unto it a fecret, to remedy and 
prevent this mifchief,^when it perceives fome 


fome 


operation of the violent Grapes in its Brain 


feeks 


Herb called Cap Ulus 


and by the 


Cbtrlts ButUr 


Greeks which hath the virtue to Hojj the 

working of the Wine, and keep the vapours from 
the Brain. 

See the Hifto- The Bees have amongft them a moft ingenious 
ry of Bees, by Commonwealth, and a good Government, for 
cbarlts Butler. they are all obedient to their chief Commander, 

and never revolt from his Authority.They fubmit 
to his Sentence, obey his Commands, follow his 
motion and leading ; therefore they reprefent a 
Kingdom fubje&to their lawful Soveraign. 
o£lUn . The Ephemeresy are Creatures that live only a 

day, and therefore they are excellent Hiemgly- 
phicks of the fhortnefs of our Lives. 

T)f/tfhzttuM The L^phin hath obtained amongft Men, the 


1 /ElUn. 


Vebhtnm 11,e UU) P lutl I,dUl uLu.aineu aroungicivien, me 
nature daces . honour to fignifie the King or Emperour of the 
Prov. Thou* Sea, becaufe they fay that this Fifh is kind to our 


teacheft thy Nature ; and becaufe it isfo fwift in fwimming, 
Mafter. an( j p 0 g rate f u } t0 Benefa&ors. 

A Crab-fifh, was the Image of an unconftant 
Man, becaufe it goes not always in the fame 
manner , but fometimes forwards, fometimes 
backwards. This Fifh lives in holes under the 
Rocks. The Egyptians did therefore put it to 
fignifie the Holy Myfteries, that were brought to 


manner , l 
backwards. 


light. 


4 + 


«r- 


A 


' * 


i 


, - *-4 


ii 


*- 




j "a 




St 


* 


44 ? 


* * 


^ - • 


if'4 




theCompatiy ofothe r F ifhes of the fame flia‘pe;for 
that reafon' fome fay that they are venemous-' be¬ 
caufe they joyn themfelves with Snakes, and o- 
tker Water-Serpents. 

’ The Head of Man,fignifies found Judgement ; 
and Wifdom •, his Hair cut off,violent grief or 
Bondage, if growing, Liberty. Baldntfs and 
gray Hairs, are Marks of old Age.', The Fore¬ 
head is the Seat of Pride and of Impudence.The - 
Eye; wide open, was the Hiero^ypbicl ^of Wifdom 

and* Jhftice : It is alfo the feat of Contempt, of 
Love, & the difcoverer of the Paffions of the Soul. 
The Nofe is a Mark of the nimbienefs of our ap- 
prehenfion, and the excellency of our underftand- 
ingl TheMcmth is the Hieroglyphick of Modefty *, 
the Heart of Sincerity,the Shoulders,of Srength; 
the wafhed hands oflnnocency*, the right-Hand 


of Po wer,Fidelity ,and Favour 


The Knees, are 


to exprefs Humility ; the Hat freedom; a Crown, fjf* 
Dignity; a Scepter,Power ; a Buckler Defence ; f ~ 


/■ 


an Arrow,Speed; a Spear, War or Valour; a pair U lt. 
of Ballance,Equity; a Sword, Revenge or Cruel¬ 
ty. A fitting Pofture, intimates Security ; AChari- 

ot, Honour ;aShip, Help in need; an Anchor Hope; 


<Pefcni -3t/- 

ua. Horn, lli 


‘ ^ 


the Caduceut 


Fruce, Peace and Agreement 


- 


a —m » • • • 

... r 


Chains, Bondage ; a Key Security and Freedom 


of Egrefs and Ingrefs 


The Palm and the Law 


rel, are Emblems ofVi&ory, & deferred Honour 
the Myrtle of Pleafure ; the Cedar of Eternity 
the Oak of Strength; the Olive-tree of Fruitful 
nefs; theVine-tree of delight and Joy; the Lilly 
of Beauty ; the Globe of Perfection; a Pyramid 

of the Nature of the Soul of Man, &c. 




l 




^ * 


Ff 


Let 


P 


ft 


DUUn.V# 


4)5 X3UUK. V. 

munis' s Four Let us compare Art,the Devi I,Nature,and God 

Degenerate together: Art can do ftrange things,yet it doth 
Sons, p. loo. on » \ m i t2tG Nature. Arch it as Tar cairns made a 

between Arr° n Dove fo cunningly, that they made it fly in the 
Nature, the ’ Air, as if it had been a living Dove j and the Egyp- 
Devil, and ttans ma de their Gods fo cunningly, that they 
God * feemed to laugh, fmile, and frown: And Xeuxes 

painted Grapes fo lively, that he made the Bi^ds 
come and fly upon them : Apelles painted a Horfe 

Vide Cali am, fo lively, that he made the Horfes palling by tho 


5 4 


Neigh, cmw j, **•“» — *—-** 

Dogspafling by to Bark, when theyfaw the paint 


and Dogs fo lively, that he made the 


But Archimedes furpafled 




ed Dog : But Archimedes furpafled ail, he made a 
Heaven of Brafs fo curioufly,that one might have 


feen in it the feven Planets, and all the Moti¬ 
ons. 

But the Devil can far exceed Art, and ail the 
Skill of Man, yet the Secrets of Nature can far ex- 


the Mod 


ceed Art or theDevil. The Stone Caryftius, of old 
was npefla c/W five net ells fit to be fpun as Wool or 
cdiim.p^ 05. Flax, and they made Napkins of it; which when 

they were unclean,they call into the Fire,and they 
became as white as they were before, and yet the 
Fire burnt them not; When the Romans burnt the 
Begum funerA Bodies of the Dead to alhes, how preferved they 

in efifmodi the allies of the burnt Bodies,from the alhes of the 

adurtbanw ^ood which burnt the Bodies? They had this 

mTfivUU fort ofLinden,which they called Asbeftirwm, which 
cum rdiqiio they did wrap the Bodies into,which Cloth burnt 
mifemtur not,but tranfmitted the Fire to the Bodies,& pre- 

fifi ere : ferved the aflies of the Bodies by themfelves: This 

mbrnmud' was a greatforce in Nature / So the Hair of tb« 

c ra fr into rhe fire will not burn - but 


cum reliqno 
mifeeretur 
cinert. 

Flin. 1. ip. c. 1 . 
JE t htec tnortu- 


great force in Nature 


- alts vocalunt Salamander caft into the fire will not burn •, 
quikscadave- when the Hairs of Servius LhchIIhs were caft 


t 4 indutbmur* 


the Fire, the Devil could not p 

burning, without fome natural 1 


referve them from 




And he* ref 

Nature 


il i 


muri ri 


Ch. 4 . - 

Mature exceeds Satan far, but God the Chief arid 

Supreme Caufe far exceeds Art j Satan, and Na¬ 
ture. When the three Children were caft into the 




Fire, by Faith they quenched the Flames of 


ffek 11. 34 


arid their Bodies were not burnt 


which were combuftible in themfelves, neither wa$ 


there any means 


to hinder the Fire not to burn 


them, but on 

but con fumed 

God. 


ly Gods Power : So the Bulb burnt* 
not, Exod. 3.3. by this Power of 



CHAP. IV. 


Of fome fe» notable Obfehatlont of feveral Placet 


of the World, and of Animalt 


P 


H ilofi. fpeaks of a Water named Asbamaa aqua, Eocjm 


Y which is fweet and pleafant 
honeft and faithful, but dangerous 


fuch as are i ha »f A » *• & 
, all wicked ndntqM nifando 


and unfaithful perfons 


For if thefe laft offer to perjuros frrto 


drink of it they fall into a hidden diftemper 


The quos taftofl*- 


Lake Afpbaltite, in Judea, it peftilentious» the 
Vapours that rile out of it, are fo deadly, that they 


Lake Afpbaltit 


Judea 


will not fuffer any Bird to fly over alive, nor e , 

dure any living Creature in the Water, r 
In Epim y there is a Fountain, whereof the Wa- 
ter hath the virtue to extinguifli a lighted Torch, 
and light it again if it be dipt in the Water.^ ^ 

The River SabbaticuSy which is in Syria, is very T 0 f e ph. de Bel 
remarkable, becaufe on the Sabbath day the Stream ^ d% l* 7, C2 $ 
doth remain (till, without moving one way or the 
other i but during the fix days of the week, it 


but during the fix days of the week, it 


with as much 


pidity as oj:hei Rivers 


?li 


itius mentions it, lib. 3 


F 


cap 




AriflM 




e 






Boob.jV 


Vlln. lib. 2. 
£KCurtius, 


driftPtU telk j us pf a Fountain Sicilia, whiph 
]$P<J all theBirds that were cgft into it,but caufed 

other Animal^ to return to Life, when they 

M expiring.. : 


Fountain of the Sunjmentioned by Heroda » 
tusj in Africa,- did yield water of a different tem¬ 
per,: according to the motion of the Sun in the 
Firmament; at Noon it was colcj and fweet,biitat 


Stau lib. i. 


Nightit was hot and bitter. 

Virgo Aqua, or the VirginsStream, had aplea- 
fant, &an excellent virtue upcaMaids,whofe un : 


happinefs 


was to forget themfelves, and lofe 


their Virginity 


If they walhed their Bodie 


lib. % 


Inter fapores 


this water, they recovered again theftolen Jewel, 
and became as perfect Virgins as before. 

Strabo fpeaks of the Woods of Juno and Diana, 
which were upon the Confines of Dalmatia, that 
all the Wild Beafts that entred into them,became 
tame and milc^and loft their fierce and favage Na¬ 
tures , fo that afterwards they did hot offer the 
leaft injury to Man, or Beaft. 

It is obferved of the Bird Atagen,t hat it can open 


ferturalitufn Bill cfnly to‘ exprefs its own Name amongft 
primus 1 ionic a- hfett * Therefore it may be compared to the vain- 

• • • * i ^ ft. «« % • * . • 


rum guftus 
Atagtnarum\ 
Jvfart.l. 13. 

Ep. 6 1. 


6 

Plutarch. 


glorious, who are continually finging their own 

praifes. . 

Many Authors, do Fpeak of a ft range Bird that 

hath no feet, but d moft beautiful variety of Co¬ 
lours. In India they name it the 'Bird of Paractife. 

It feldom fefts upon the ground. It is alwayes 
to be feenflyingln the Air. Gefner defcribes it in 


* 

Gtfner. 
c Allan, 


a Poem. 

.... 

The Egypt Ians have take n notice of the Dogs of 

their Country,that when they drink of the River 
NUm, they lap up the water running, for fear of 

the Cretodik, Natute hath furhifbed them with 

fo 


* -if *.* L. *- * -~ 








Ch. 4. of tf]e EG TP TUNS. 

fo much fenfe of the danger of abiding ftill upon 

the Banks of that great River. _ 

It is reported of the Elephant,that it hath a great 
refpedt for beautiful Women.If it comes into their 
prefence, when it isinits rage,the Divine Rays of 

their Eyes wiH oblige it to a mild and a peaceable 

behaviour.lt will ftand amazed at the fightof their 
fair faces; therefore it feems, that an excellent 
Beauty is able to calm the fury of this powerful 
Animal, and to aft wonders amongft Beafts, as 

well as amongft Men and Angels. 

The Particulars,and many other ftrange things 
of natural Beings, are related by the Authors. He 
that will fee more of them s may find them regift r d 
in Plinius, Albert us Magnus, Calitts^ Rhodigintu , 

e/£to, Aristotle, MunSter 7 Kircher 7 &c. 


* 


The End of the Fifth and Laft Book: 












4 1 • . 


A N 



N 



E 


♦ • * 


• • 

Of the Principal Names and things contained 


in this BOOK. 


A 


iEgyftus./oft 0/Thy eft e 


♦ 

A tfott of abfolution. 

Abolla, a garment. 

AbfyrtuSjMedea’d brother• 
Acamas ,fon ofThefeus. 
Accenfi, Bay tiffs. 

Achates,i^neas’d companion 
Achelous, fon of Thetis* 


389 

349 

167 


.#,nseas, [on of Anchifes and 

51,2 

iEoIus, god of the Winds, 
"i^rarii, Treasurers. 


198*230 


4 2,&C» 

* 2,244 

380 

383 


jdt fiixznu*, a pblickjtretfury, ^ 3^8, 
37$ y£re diruti, Sonldiers deprived oy 


249 
143 


their pay. 

^fculpaius,/^ of Apollo 


Acheron,* River of Hell. 6 9 1 *. 

Achilles fon o/Peleus. 209,2*0 Agamemnon, fm &,W 

Wounded by Paris. 219 . ' . - 

Aciem educere,fo orderibe batttl.402 | Agamppides,, the Mfei 

9 


40 9 

27 > 3 * 

I r-1 6 < 


209,2^0 \ Agamemnon,fwt Atr^u 


219 


Afteon ,changed into a Stagg. 
Adad,« God of the Atfyrians. 


' 3 8 Agenor^ Vfng oftbi Phcvmcians 
2$7 Agger, * Mount'. 


Adonis. 


31,10 s 


Adrammelech , a God of Sc phar- | Agonalia 


Aglaia, Vulcan tsWift 




f » 


vaim. 

Adramus. 


92 1 Agonothctae 


404 

*4 

a n 

$x% 


258 

181 


Adraftus, King of Argos. 181 
Advocatus firci> peeper of the Exche¬ 
quer. 3^3 


AgrippajAuguftus’f counfellor. 367 


fon of Telamon 
kills himfelf .' 


am. S»3 Am,fix s/Oielas. _ 

Adytum. 286 Alabandus,* God of Cana. 

Meecu^a Judge of Hell. 71 Alagabalus, the Sun. 

;Ecaftor,**d iEdepol, Oaths. I $6 Alba,* City in Italy. 

yEdes,unde ^dicula. 290 Albumea, * 

iEdiles/oo£d to theTemple* 381 Alceftes. , 

yEdituraus, or iEdituus. 308 Alcethous, chang d. into a t 

.ffigeus, K.ing of Athens. 149 Alcides,* name.tfHcTCUlt 

£tgina, daughter of Afopus, 77,250 Al cra cna, Hercules > Mother 

r t 4 

% 


286 Alabandus,* God of Caria. 

71 Alagabalus, the Sun. 

156 Alba,* City in Italy. 

290 Albumea, * Goddefs. 

38X Alceftes. 

308 Alcethous, chanffd into a Bat 
149 Alcides,* »* we#/Hercules. 


212 

229 

214 

2^9 

92 

249 

252 

24 ? 

. 4 6 

147 
135 
Aktfo, 




The INDEX. 


Ale&o, one of the furies. 
Alpheus, a. niver. 


70,247 1 Apotheofis, the manner of it 


dedicated to the fuperiour Gods 


139 Apparel oj ^Romans 


Amalthea 


291 


dedicated to the infe 


Go 


312 

349 

oils. 


- 

Amazons, 


Mountain of Cypr 


144 J Ar&ophyl 


tnumphales 


Amphiarau sfwaHowed up 


Amphilochus, 

Amphion, 

Amphitheatre 

Amphitrire, t\ 
Arnphytrion,/ 


139 

183 

2^9 


tre. 


bottom oj the Amph 


29X 

5 * 

33<S>4*3 




259 Argonauts. 


Ship that coTftd [peak 


if 


IW 97 

322 


Araulo, or Aquimirarium. 


18 
136 


: fvarlity Engine. 

a Muftcian. 
as, jtfng of Arcadia 
f Apollo. 


301 Arnchion, a Combatant 


Anantmelech, God of Sepharvaim. Arufpex 


* 

Anaxarete 


9 2 


As. 


322 

16 S 

164 

405 

J S9 

161 

250 

3-8 

303 

390 


Anclte 


Father of /Eneas 


2 <j 3 Afapi,tf vile fort ofSouldievs among (l 


243 


the Turks. 


399 


Andabates, 


214,302 I Afbtoreth or Aftaroth, a Goddefs of 


Goddefs of B 


323 


Andromache. Hefl ( 

Angerqna, a Goddeft 


22<5 


<*ufticlavi 


the Sydonians. I00 

Afima, a God of the Eajlern Veoplt. 

. . , 104 

Afophus, Son of Jupiter. 250 


252 Afophus, Son o/Jupi 


um. 


Zn&ffia by 


337j 35 2 


A(jper fori um, a veffid with 


[fPhrygia 




a. Captdhi of Trov 

Anftepilani. 


Anteros. So n ofVcntii' rj 

Anthropophagi. 

Aafticlea, Ulifies Mothth 


Hi 

242 

241 

400 

• • • 

53 

237 

238 


7 


s/Trqs. 
:or’s [on 


202 

4 

226 


Athlete 

Atlas. 


Antigone r Vaught erf and Sifter of 
Oedipus. 1 J 'iyg 

Laomedon’s daughter. 203 

Atftilochus, Neftor^irfr. 222 

Antinous, Adrian’s labourite 2A0 


Atrium. 


ParchenopeusV Mother . 1 g r 

184 

• ' 3 i 9 

140,2^7 

is Hi fory. 195. 198 

. 357 

one of the. Dtftiniss. 7 r 


Atropcs, one of the. Dtftiniss 


a young man 


A'ugures 


<5 7 


Aatiope. 

Antiquo. 

Antiftrophe, 

Anubis, a Name of Mercury. 
Apis, a God of the Egyptians 
Apollo, his Hifiory. 


271 

2$4 

$62 

297 

49 

5 . 311 

2 6, &c a 


Aurora. 


Auguflo 


304^67 
o< 376, 

54 > 2 *i 

Authoratus. 324 


1 r 




• i 


Baal- 


>• 


The 


IN D E X. 


a. 

Calamifirum, an hftrttment to ft 


B 


hair . 


forts of tl 


B 


Aal. 


94, 270 


f 


peor 


Baal-gad. 

Baal- zebub. 
Baal-Berith. 


95 
ibid . 

96 


CaSices, pteroti, or pintwtl 
Califrho, the great Rear. 

'lliope, on e of t be Mufe’S, 


Baal-hammon, Baal-hazor, Baal- 

perazin , &c. lGO 

Babylon, its to alls one of the rvonders 

of the H'orld. 28^,287 

Bacchus. 42 . & c ' 


97,99 | ilydonian Boar. 


nph 


f the 


28^,287 

A2. &C. 


-I . . 

Candidatus. 
Canopus, a 


Bacchanalia firft introduc'd by Or- Canopus, a Vtlot. 

-pheus call'd Sacra Orphica. 164 Capanetts, Thilnder-imitttn 
Balifta, a warlike Engin. 40 5 : Capitis diminutio, minima, media 


2 54 

255 
21 5 

ntvati. ‘ 359 

ir. $6 

lifts, 30 

150 

239 

Volet. 248 
Officers. 308 

artius, 336 , 36 $ 

3$2 

2$I 

litttn. 183 


Bafilifci. 

Battus chang'd into a roc 
Batualia,<z F tneing-fehool 
Belenus crBelatucadrus. 
Bel Iona, Sifter of Mars. 


h 


336 


maxima. 


48 Capitol. . . ... , 

323 CaprotinarNona?, or Caprincia 


39 * 

28? 


her feafts 


Befteging of Towns , 
mong the Romans. 
Beffus,<i God of Gree 


* 

>/ Cybele 


HI 

• • 

• • 

2$ 


Capys 3 Capula, a cup with 


prifon. \ 

places where they began. 


301 

392 


race. 


403, 404 

’• 1 262 


Bootes 


1 

>f Greece. 172 


a God of mount 

Evander’s wife 
i a,her Feafts. 


3*7 




brabentes 


56 


ifh 


257 

r’s wife. 8 2 

eafts. 3 * 3 

daughter .20 3.230 

x* 225 


Briareus, who had an hundred hands. Caffiopeia. 

* \ a * 1 


6,12 Caltalides, theMufes , 
218 Caflor and Pollux. 

42 Caftrametandi modus 


Brifeisj daughter of Chryfcs. 
Bromius, a name of Bacchus 
Brontes, a Cyclops. 

Bufiris. I \ 

Byrfa, a name of Carthage. 


13 * 

3 i 




18 


* * 


I 4 °> 


Sfymph. 

Trofluli 


4°3 

25a 

3 6 * 


244 


haftaria 3 a punifhmnt^ 409 


C 


Cenfors. 

Tenuis Cenfus homines. 


372 

.364 


C A note of 

Cacus, t 


' fame 
hiftory 


3 S 9 

141 


intauri, half men, half horfcs. 73 
The firft found out the■ riding ori 
borfes .. v ^53 


!-2 Centurio. 


- j J T. V J / 1 i | 

Caduceus, « w/ffe W, Serpents. Cephalus. 


47 


Cepheu 


352 

39 3* 

2$ to 

135 ° 




1 




V 


The mD E X. 


Cerberus, dog of hell 


Ceres. 


J * 

* f m m 

153 Crephagenatus, God. of the Theban* 


Charybdis 


fhell, 


39 


t 


Chemoch, the God of Moab 
Chfmxr a,its defcription. 
Chiron, the Centaur. 
Chryfcs. 

Circe, a witch. 

Circus ludi circenfes. 

Ciun, or Rcraphan. 

Clio,d«f of the Mufes. 
Clotho, ot« of the De[Ufiies. 


238 


. 9$ Crux culcus’, 1 

70.75 

27,209 Cum#. 

218 Cuneus ,an order < 

63,237 Cuniguli, Mines. 

317,3 20 Cupids./a/j; of V< 


if Priamus 


of battle 


9. 


107 Curetcs. 

30 Curiae ,Parties ■ 
71 Cyan#an 


* 219 
167,242 

203 

iifhments . 

246 

403 

■ • 405 

51,53 

2,301 


934 


1 65 


Clyteraneftra, Agamemnon’; wife. Cybde 


98 


Cocytus,4 River of Hell. 69 

CoeIus,f6r ancientejl of all the Gods. 1 
HisChildren. 5 

Coena ccenaculnm. 356 

Cchors^aCfimpany of Souldiers. 390 
Collumber, Numella, a Pillory. 


Cyclopes. 
Cymbium to drin\\ 
Cynofur a,a ConflelL 


356 


>/ Diana 


Colodus 


Rhodes. 30 


wonders of the world 
Columns moenia. 

Coraaedi a,the parts of it. 
Comicium. 


392 
'.e of 

28 6 

291 

330 


Cy rene, 4 Nymph. 
Cyrhera,* Mountain. 
Cytherides,r/;e Mufes 


2 , 7>66 
>,18,27 

- 359 

55 

37 

250 

57 

31 


D 


D 


"Aftyle 




336 Daemones. 


Architect. 49, 


2 


Comitia, curata, centuriata,tribura. Dagon,*« idol of the Philiftins 


77 


Cbnqlia. 

Confarreatio 

Congiarhim. 

Coojuracio. 

Confules. 
Conjtubernia 
« Cerpo ral 


f ' ' 


361 

ibid. 

340 

352 


Auxefia 


Ad beftias. 


gladium 


258 

393 

394 


caput contubernii 


f Acrifius. 14,131 
397 Danaus,Danai,Danaides. 72 

371 Daphne, chang'd into a Lanvrel. 27 


398 


Dardanus,/?rj? built Troy,feme Teu 

cria call'd Dardania. 201 


Corona civica,ca(lrenfis,triumphalis 


efr’c. 

Sub corona venderc 
Coronis,^ Goddefs . 

Cortina. 

Corybantes. 
CttoaRing of Thebes* 
Fjng of Corinth. 


Diftys, Historians, 


41 1.412 Decemviri. ' 

406 Decuma?, decumani. 
2581 Decuriae. ' 

30 Deianira. 
l,f8 ? 3oi Deidaraia. 

143 Dei phobus ,fo n of Priam 
l$7 I Delias name of Diana. 


388 


201 

2 o 5 

378 


398 

144 

210 

203,224 

37 

Delphos, 


1 


Delphos* 

ftelubrum. 

Depontani fenes. 

Dercetus,* Goddefs* m 

Deful tores,cle fui tor i i. 
peucalion/08 o/Prometheus 

Diana her Hiftory. 


The INDEX. 

30,34 | Euclabria, 


9 a # 


290 Endymion 
294 Enenthius, 

2$7 


Veffels of Brafs 


of the 


» • 


301 

37 




257 


yj j Epeus,*« Engineer. 


Her Temple atZphefasJhegmteJt | Epimetheus. 


wonder of the world. 
Dictator. 

Dido. 

Diem dicere. 
Diefpiter,qu. diei pater. 

Diffarreatio. 


3i 7 J Epaminondas fcholar of Pythagoras. 

37 Epeus Engineer, 
steft Epimetheus. 

289 Epires, a God. 2 57 

277 Epirus. ’ , 2 *l 

25$ Epulones. 285,308 

280 I Erato,0«2 of the Mufes* ' 30 


286,289 | Epires, a God 


377 


Epirus. 


244^5$ I Epulones 

ggp j Erat<y«* 


of the Mufes 


Diomedes, King Thrace and M- 


"16 I Ergaftulum.4 prifon for {laves. 394 
344 I Erich theus. _ 2 5 2 


tolia. 
Dionyfius 


*40.185,216 


idol 


36 | Eros \jfon of 


SSSkcm»n *n»Pt«r. .Hll MfiUTtoi'W 


Dir*, the Furies their nam es. 7 0 

Diribitores. 

Difcedere in alicujus fententiam.371 


70 jEteoclesJoK of Oedipus. 

362 I Evadne wife of Capaneus, bn) 


252 

$ 5 , 5 * 

109 

53 
. 38 

178 


Difcus. 

Divorce. 

Dolabra. 

Dolphins, their lave to men* 

Donarium. 

Doris, daughter of Thetis. - 
Dreamsfeveral Jbrts of them. 
Drepanum. 

Drimachus, a Captain. 
Druids , P riefs among the 


v 299 


felf with her Hufband, 
Eumenides,d;e Furies. 


191 

70 

2/2 I Eumolpus, Neptune’; fin. 2 $2 

III Evocatio,evocati milnes. 397 

162 Euphorbus. 

200 Euripilus, a Soothfayer. 216 

\ 9 Europa, daughter of Agenor, and 


187 


m 


6, 243 J Euryalus. 




/ - 

Dryades, Nymphs. 

Duumviri and Decemviri. 

Dyndimcne, a name of Cybeie. 
Dyrce. 


' 259 Euridice^/fe of Orpheus. 

» Gauls. I Wife of Creon. 

205,30 6 Euryilheus/fl# of Sthlcnus. 

5p Euterpe, one.ofthe Mufes • 


308 I EuthimuSjfl champion 
8 Exauthorad. 

254 Excuneau. 


17 $ 

248 

161 

190 

137 

30 

319 

324 

322 


E 


E 


E Culcus, A Roc%. 

Eleftra. 

EWGdfurnamed Dido. 
Elyfian Fields. 
Enceladus* 


393 

301 


F 


A&ionts,Aftovf* 

Falces mu rales. 




244 \ Fanum ^ fando. 

,2,246 1 Fafces,w»d/« of Rods. 
12 Fafci#,Teni# } or Titt^, 


330 

40$ 

29° 

368 

354 

Faunus, 



* a 


- 1 *n. 




The INDEX. 


God of the Fields 
. Priefts. 
a bier. 


66 ,82 


S rrenua Dea, St i raula Def, * Vi 


30 3 


1 * 


346 


dona, Angeronia 


83 

H ippona 




510 


Fifth a l days appointed in honour of | Dea, Mellona, Pavor, ^ PiiJior 

‘ s^Tempefhs.Febris, 84 

haveChrift ammg 

*$ 
90 


Juvenilia Liberalia,Luftralia,Cha 
riftia, &c. 313 

Panathen*a,Panhellenia. 314 I Golden calves* 


the Gods. 


Flamen or Filamen. 
Flamen Dialis Martialis 

Fiammeus, a Veil'. 

Flint ,an idol of Britain. 
Flora, Floralia. 

Focus, a iomefticl*' Altar, 
Fcederati populi,faederat 

Fortune, a GodJefs , 

Her images and Temples 
Forums Market or Court 


of the ^Egyptians. 270 


303 , 

308 Golden Fleece. 

3 54 I Gorgones daughters of Vhorcys* 132 

. %6i 5 

315 


109 Gyges 
t, 83 I Gymnafta? 
219 


H 


»* 


. - < 


407 

78 

80,81 





Alcyones, Sea-birds , . 

HamqdryadeSjA^^/ 


Francus, or Franc ion, He&or’/ fon 


33<5 | Harpies, 


J 

of ft l ence. 


■whence Francois. 
FridegalVtfrdfl/fl/’ 


241 Hebe, Go die ft ofToutk 
109 J Rebetria. 


do 

!*<a 


Friga,aa rdo/ 0/0 Britain, Hecatomb 


Friday 


F 


/ 1 
Furcifer. 


ibid. 

344 
392 


«8 

« 

. , . *94 
fonof Priam. 203,ap*#?? 

tfi/* of Priam. 20 3, 2 i 9 i 2^5 


Ston'd to death. 


f * 



^ 4 


r < # 


Helena. 


'1 


G 


Exhalation 



Allafttes 

Cybele. 


* f 


Galli, Frieds -of 


Ganimedes fon of Tros 
Gemini £ Conftell 


: ii6 


Gemonii gradus or Gemonfc ((Mix. 

393 


I 

I 



Genii 


3 od of Kingdoms 

King of Spain. 


77>79 

73 

140 


§3,20$, 276 # 5$9 

457 

/<w 0/ Priam, 203* 

c;ii 3 H 


— 

liee, .4 Copfteilation, 
liconiades, the Mufts 


• W 

k * * t 1 


I 4 


[Judges time... 

Heltefpont, nm the rivtnAf.&W 
ftantinopie. 


Gladiators. 

• ' . 

Caucus, a Sea deity. 

Son o/HippOlochus 
Gods and God defies 


322 Hercules. 


idol of Britain 

people o/Paphlagonla. 


f 1 

222 


Labours 


c } 


His Pillars. 


rt 


\W 

iop 

241 

U2 


Herilus.o^ that had three finis* -14® 


Honos, Pietas, Opis, Nafcio, Pi> [Hermaphrodite 




Educa, &:* 


8 2 ~Hermione,Hekaab daughter* 



Hero 




r * 


The / N D E X. 


1 * 4 $ 


ppjfophilus,rf0fl^ff)‘ of thepruids 
He(inone,Laomedons daugh. 28 

|ie('perides,]y>w^ 4 . 141 
Hefperus orVefper. 

Hefus, a name of Mars. 


Intervallum. 

' - » t 

Io, P*an. 


5 $ 


Ifis, a Goddefs of the TEgyp 


4P4 

26 


ans. 


chang'd into a Hawk* 


110 j }ocafta,Creon \s Daughter. 
86 | Iphiclus. 


Hieroglyphicks 


J&c 


Hippodamia ^daughter of Oenomaus. ; Iphi 
194. Daughter of Chryfes. 218 I Ins. 


I phi gen ia 


194 . Daughter ej Gnryies. 
Hippoiite,j^«££» of the Amafon 
Hippolitus rflor'd to life ♦ 
Hippomedon. 

Hippomenes. 

Holocauft. 

Hyacinthus. 

Hyades. 


1391 Ifis, the Moon. ' 

1 <54 | lfiles. Delos, 28. Rhodes, 


Hydraul*. 


a Serpent 


of Mi 


Hyphilus, King of Athens 
Hypocrene, a fountain . 


181 

184 

296 

28 

42 

138 

3S9 

5 1 

251 

133 


J 


1 

King of Italy, 


J the fame as Noah, 
janiculus a Jano. 

J afon, his Hi [lory. 
Icarus, fon of Daedalus 
Ida,/o» of Alphareus. 

idols. 

Idomeneus. 

IIus,/o« of Troy,whine 

Images and Statues.’ 
mrfhipping them. 


49,268 

276,283 
215,228 
m. 202, 
221 
276, &c. 

280,281 


rw u 9 jit ff ; x 

Imperator^ Title given a General of 


if ter feme great 


+ • s 


39 B, 4 ii 


Imperator, pater patriT 
Indigites 

Inrcndere aftionem. 


interrex 


aqua & igni 


85,86 

176 

136 

211,231 

253 

20 

271 : 
where the 


appears 


bitants , 29. Crete or Claudia,49. 
Lemnos, 145 , 234. Naxos, r5f. 
Lesbos 162. Tenedos, 201, 224. 
Ithaca and Dulichia, 208. Euboea 
2 to. Inful* Baleares, now Ma- 


and 


Strophades 


ibid 


f Oedipus 


I Itys,/b» o/Progne 
Julius Afcanius, Eneas’, fon 
Juno, her Hiftory. 

Junones, Goddeffes. 
Jupiter his Hiftory. 

Jupiter h Juvando, 
Juvenilia. r 


’jhm 


178 

255 

249 

17,20$ 

22,79 

2,11 

16 

3’3 
73 ) 7 ^ 


L 


L 


Ahyrinth of Crete 


'/Egypt, one of 


49 ,Ml 

* * a* 


ders cf the World. 
is s one of the dejlinies 
l,Father 0/Ulifies. 
King e/Thebes. 

, the ha rpics. ' 


37 6 Lamina & Knguhe, 
8 r Lanifia, a Fencing 

389 Laocoon. 

391 Laodamia,w/JV of l 

377 Laomedon,^/^ oj 


(l 


ft o/Prothefila 


288 

77 

20 8 

17S 

397 

323 

224 
us. 217 

28.202 

apithes. 


a 

v s 














The INDEX. 

Labithes,« V'opUcf Thcffaly. .« I 


Lares, unde Lararmm. 
Laticlavium. 

Ictinus. 

Latium a'latendo. 
Latona. 

Lavinia, daughter of K 


8o Luftrari exercitum. 

337 Lycaon/os o/Titari. 
246 Lycothea, a Nymph. 

3 Lycus Ring <?/Boeotia. 


26 Lynceus 


3/74 

2 53 i **9 

254 

157*1^5*254 


246 


M 


Lanrentura, 4 Tows of Italy, ibid. 
Laufus /«# 0/ Mezentius. * 24? 

Roman Laws* - *3 8 5 

Leftifternia. 286 

Leda. 

Legatus, a lieutenant General. 4 °° 

Lores duodecim tabularum. 38 7 

& A tf /*« I - 


M 


155 Magifterpopuli 


Tribute. 408 

/os 0/ ALfculapius. 

, 145,216 
8c equitum. 377 


400 Roma 
387 Malleoli. 


above fix thoufand. 398 Ma.ruages of 


Leranifci. 

Lerauria, FeftivalSi 
Leaatus, t. name of Bacchris 

Lcnxa, his Feajis. 

Lethe, 4 River. 

Lex quadrupli for Thieves, 

Liber, a name of Bacchus. 
Liberalia, F eftivals. 

Liberi,liberti,libertinl. 
Liftores, Serjeants. 

Lituas, a croobtd ft aft t. 


331 Mars. 

313 Mar has,a Satyr. 


4 2 

45 

48,73 

389 


Flead alive. 


World. 


whence Maufoleo. 


Magistrates. 365 

40$ 

Romans. 339 

. 24 

30 

' 160,t 5 j 
of the wonders of the 

28$ 


3 * 8 i 375 


42 Medea. 
313 Medus, 
338 Medufa. 


whence Media 


if the 


made life of, 
Lotophagoi. 
Lucifer,or PI 


bed ftajf the Augur 


Lucus. 


°j 


304 

236 

55 


A City 


Wife of Hercules 


3 8 Melicerta, a Sea God. 


90 


Ludi, Che ft s, running in a race, 
cafting a (lone 9 Wr filing, cuffs , 

Olympick^^w. . 315 

Pythyan and Iftmian games. 316 


fon of 


of the Mufes 


288 

149,1^,168 

168 
132, &e . 
. ies. 70 
1 f Cybele. 8 
lies* 143 

i 5 o 

i Or Modn. 1 c6 

61 

Mufes. 30 
1. _ U 


Commander at the Siege of Tr 


Kill'd by Achilles 


Chafe of wild tufts. 
Fight of Galleys. 
Lattuncuii, teiler.x, pila? 


324 IMenxceus, Creon s fori 


325 


fon of Atreur 


par, trochus, ludi Apollmares & Mercury. 


King ofSDitta 


Cerealcs. 

Ludi Scetv.ci. 

Lu percales. I 

Lupcrcalia, Fiafts o/Pan 


328 


Merodach 


330 Mezentius. 
302.307 Midas, his w\% 

66 Militia of the R< 


214 
219 

i8* 

*95 

20 6 

2 7i4 1 
lot 

Hi 

1 60 
fyjt&c* 
Milky 









-A L 


Th e/NDEA". 


% • 

Combat ant,who Imckt down 


fin, 


mimi 


318 Nebo, 
318 1 Neftar 


Ifland 


God of the Chaldeans 


Minerva* 

Minos, King of Crete. 

Judge of Hell. 
Minotaur,' half a mai 

Michra, a Perfian God 
Mnemofyne. 
Moloch.an idoLai. I 


18,173 Nemefis or Vindi&a 


3 J>* 2 


IS 


l 


fon of Deidamia. 


in 

106 

69 

78,81 


71 Mephele,^//* of Athamas 


Neptune ,his Hift 


3 i» * 5 ° 
291 


Nymphs of the Sea, 
is of Thetis. 


61 
$7,260 

60 


Faffing between 


30 Nergal,* continual fire worfhipped it 


If. 


two fires in honour of this God 
Moloflus I {ing of Epirc. 
Momus. 

Montes Roms. 


.Ur of the Chaldees. 
Nero fet Rome on fire 
Nervus the Stacbs. 


2 2 $ Nervus tbs Stacks 

78 Neilus the Centaur 

335 Neftor. 


Moon yWorfhipptd in Britain, whence jNibchaz 


our Monday . 

Morea ,formerly Peloponefus 

Morpheus, God of Dreams• 


108 Nilus, tl 
19$ Niobe,c 
70 Nifroch 


worfhipped, 

nto a Rock 


Mountains 

iErna. 


Caucafus, 13 * 26 7 


103 

229 

39 * 

*44 

216 

104 

90 

194 

104 


3 ° 


Par 


King of the vWegarenfes. 63 


naflus. Ibid* Cytheron, 3 *i 

Cyllene, 47, $0. Menaius,. 1 38 . 


i 7 *» Nomenclator. 
138. Nox, aGoddefs 


. Calpe and Abyla,i42. 
Sipylus, 197. Ida, 2c 
. reus, 228. Aventine 

Munieipia. 

Mufca? or Umbra?. 


Oeta,l 44 

1. G*P h * 


Numa Pompilius 
Nuptialia dona. 


Mufes 


Warlike 


Myrmidones. 

Myjrmillones* 

MyrtiIus,Soff of Mercury 


380 Ny&euSjNyftimene 
406 Nymphei. 

3 $6 Nymphs, their Names 

4 ° 5 

30 O 

523 /^\Annes^4 name 1 
200 U Oceanus, aGi 


248 

352 

79*74 

4 i 3°5 

342 

25$ 

337 

5 ? 


O 


Oceanus, a God 


9 

’/Dagon 


IOi 


N 


Oedipus,/?/; Hift ory 
Oenomaus. 


N 


L, non liquet. 


384 


ft If with 


I 7 < 

* 94 ii 9 ' 

• . 7 « _ * 


Naides, Nymphs of Fountains 


God of Caria 


and Rivers . 
Napex, Nymphs . 

Naphta. 

Naumachia. 

Nauplius. 


50 T Olympiok Games. 


59 

17 * 




Onga 


3 22 Omphale,^)/^;; of Lydia 
227 °Ppjdum,municipium. 


Nauficae,p^g/;frr of ArcihouSi 239 [ Ops, a name cj Cybele 


208 

259 

3 *$ 

Goddefs 

no 

143 

406 

8 

Orbis, 




I 


The IN D F. X. 


Q$s$$ y an order of Battel*. -_ v . 4°2 
Qrcheftw- n - Vu^ 20 

Qfdo Senatorius,equeft ri s, plebcius. 


Pater patriot. .. . 

Pater patratus,i#e 


m 




•7 I ' 
.# \• 


337 Patera. 


Orelks,Agamemnon s fon*i 99,2 fO 

,;Vh« ivoHld dye for Pylades, ■ 23 * 

0(&y2)F ea ft s °f Py^d^s.. 23 • 

Orgya, Flap of Bacchus. 4 3^4 5 
prion. 5^57 

Orpheus,b/r Hiftory . 1 59 

Ofyr UjheSun. ■ 8 7 > 2 7 * 

•v c 7 ^ffnw ^ T°fep!i- 8 8 


Patricii. 


confcripd 


3 96 

461 


37 i 


JHan. 

His death. 


Achilles friend andtynft 

209,2 i $ 


V > 


Ovation lefs 


> \* 

^4 f 


«• ; - 


imph 

P 


159 Patroni ,or Patricii. 
87,271 Pegafus. ' f 

8 8 Pegmata. 

412 PelafguSjj^flg of Arcadia 


11.8 

8 ? 


» - a 


49 


# — • 

Peldpidas 


0/ Achilles, 20^26 




4 • 


Algernon, or Portunus, 


Havens 


\ 


V 


. f^Trojan war. 

Pales magna,fl-^wf of Cybele 


God of 
62,6$ 


life 


6 

pile's mi 


■if 




houfhold 


* 9 . 


get UliPes 


209 

11 


Penelope, Ulifles wife 

Penetralia. 

Pentathletae. 


4 * 


.:*■< -2 


» -4 r 


S' +• *tj , 4 


■f 1 


i * 


• « 


-r- ^ • 4 


God of Scicily 


262 Penthefilea, ^ 


Amazons. 


PaUas 


r 


fbf Son of Evander 


f 


*8 

2 47 


i 


« • 

cloal^ for Raid, 


39 


\tftoln away. 
Pallium ,palliolu m 


as. 213 Pefgama, Forts. 
220,223 Perieus, his Hitt ory. 


249 

to 4 


US’, ip 


Palmy tius, a God of the Egypt! 


349 I Phaedra,Minos Daughter. 


* • 

»$3 


Pajudati. 

pan, the God of Fields. 6 5 , 6 \ 

vEanathen^a- J , 

dPancratiaite* 
dPandor a. 

Pantheon. 

Paphos, £ Mountain ofG yprus 

< f Jkrci, their Names. 

•'Parma, a Target. 

Parnalfides, Mnfts. 

Parthenopaeus. 18 


38-5 

65 0 6 S,s 6 o 


the fon of Apollo. 31, 
laughter of the Sun. 


>/ Sicily 


! 0,3 r 1 I Phiala, a little Cup. 

' on Phi loft etes, Pccan’j Son 

^ ^ I »a f 


13 

290 


Philomela. 


Phlegrxan Fields 


of Hell 


7 i 

401 


^ W V - 

Shepherd 


m 


ander. . 


f 


j Phoebe, Diana. 

181,184 [ Phoebus, Apollo. 
ed Alex- I Phorcys, a Sea God. 
204 Phofphorus or Lucifer. 


339 

*49 

359 

69 

12 

30 

i 7 6 

37 

29 

55 


Pafiphae.' 

Paragium, <? Garment. 
Patavium. 


iso' 

349 ' 


> *- ■* « 


Phrixus. 

Pierides, 

f]Ium av 4 


Mutes. 




•fa 

4?2 


1 * 


k- 


* 

f ^ »■ 




" i. 


O ^ 


4 


The INDEX. 

Wfelarus tbt Vrinct if Lyrick Poets. I Prafeticulum, 


d’f dd % • 




pfrithous 


>ets. I Praefericulum. ; 306 

174 I Pr*fi c2 nomen, bind to "beep for the 

1 <2 Dead. 308 


Plebeij 

Plutei. 


)f h 


152 

I 7<5 


Dead. 

Praepetes 


Of Riches 


of hell 


337 PraEtor major,or minor. 

40<> Prstorium, 

^0,2^8 Priamus,Laomedons Son . 

** •• 4 tn 1 f n _ l 


4 


Kill'd by Pyrrhus 


Pbdium. . 3 ZU 

Polites ,fon of Priamus. 203 

Kjltd by Pyrrhiis. 225 

Polliriftores. 345 

Pollux. . 1 5 1 

Polydamus. 228,3 18 

PolydorUs /o» o/Priamus; 203 
ft>lymnefior,Kitf£ °( Thracia. 235 
Polymnia, or Polyhimnia one of the 

MuCtfk 3^ 


220 Priapus,/o« 0/ Venus. 
203 Priefis to the falfeGods 


304 

374 

383 

203 

229 

51 >84,9 9 

301 ,&c. 


Evander firfi efiabltfhtd theFrit(ls 


Mufesk ' * 

Polynices,/o» of Oedipus. 
Polyphemtis, a Gyclops. 

Volly&en&idaughter of Priamus. 


155 Primipilus. 

228,318 Principes. 
203 Proconfules. 

:ia. 235 Procris. 

one of the I Procruftes,b, 

20 1 Procul efto 


Italy 


17 8 P ro 8 ne > Pan d ion’r daughter* 

23 6 Prometheus, his punijhmen 


307 

400 

406 

384 

151 

2<J0 

296 ' 
2<$ 


Her Throat cut. 

pontifcxmaximus 


2 1 o Prono, an idol of Britain 
2 2 <j Prophastores. 


13,141^^7,&c, 


309 


Popae 


portando aratrum 


Poftulatio 


imp oft 


308 

334 

407 

389 


Proferpina* ^ 7 s° 9 »^ 

Proteus. 66 

Prothefilaus, his Dtatb. 21 f 

Pfapho, a cunning Fellow of Libia* 

256 


Potitli & pinarii,P rte(ls of Hercules 


• • % 

Precidaneae hoftii 
Praeconi fubjicere. 
Praefeftus praetprii : 


307 

298 

39p 

frunaenti divi- 


t •* 

Publican!. 

Pulvjnaria. 

Pumiliones. vv v. . 
Roman P unijhmnts.. 
Puni[bment of Soulditts 


dendi, Prxfeftus vigilum 


383 I Pyl^des, who would dye for Or 


Tribunus caslerum 


Praefeftis 


31 6 


Cyclops 


40B 

286 

391 

409,41a 

• Orenes. 

131 

i* 


PrSeftus equitum, The Captain of a Pyramids of Egypt of the m* 


Troo 

Praefed 


op. 398 

feu Fabrorurti caftrorum,Pr$< 


ders of the world? 
Pyrrha, Deucalion ’s wife 


287 

j* 


feftus fociorum, a Commander of 


Auxiliaries 


40a 


Pnefeftus legionuhi, a Major Gene¬ 
ral. ihid 


Pyrrhus, fon of Achilles and Dei- 

damia. 210,220,224 

Py thagoras [aid hi was Euphoria** 


Frxfeftus Naviutivk Admiral'll 1 1 Pythya, And Vyfaomflki 


id 

fy&Qtlp 


. leg 

384 

iTthWh 1 

66 


4 




The J ^ 


7 


& 


£ '» 


* •- 1 




n\ 

r 

i /• 


w 4 


.\ 




i 


-V% •- »- V, 


iVri? X 


<z 


-. ' 'N 


*. / ‘N 


- A:» 


- - ' P ^ I ' ^ V 

tfse fruges,rtioIa falfa 


1 * 


y>0: nfofddS 


Uadraplatores, 
Quseftor, a Tredfunr. 


Sahgfc^ Sanflus, Saficns 
:■ i: .£: 7 f • : tbt Sabines. 

•sg^rj £<*rpedon, King of Lycia 

5^4 1 Saturn, Hiftory, 






% r 


r r. rr- >y>' 




► r 


(^ueltorcs Urban! 


380 j Saturnalia 


Qoatuor viri viarwn curandafrum. I |atyrs. 
>•., .<**0 satires 


i n - 


t.-Hm 


||f|« 


*: • x \\ 


• \ ' 0 


<^«ticcifn viri. r' y 
<^tfinque-viri Meflfarii. 

<^rtrinusj unde Qpirites. 


882; Sayres, 

368 Sairnfali! 


: • t U ■; 


;: fcS'f 




1 > * 


<V 


J. 


%•• • * 
. >« •■, -A* 


379 

82 


Scamander 


V 4 


•2©i; 


? 


*~i 




V V,* 


*r. ■ 
* . # . • 


* ■:. 




r ‘ 


R 


m 


Aia d Vtfh- 

Remancipafid 

inh^n. if 


Remphan 


Repudiurn.' '• > : " - 
fteViarii ‘ ~ 


v i 


i. 


• • 


ijS2*" 

844 

107 ' 

323 


tut 


U a ^ r> V »f 


tmmvsk^tjudgitfm.li Sdla cburnat ar curuli. 

- . . ' .. : • y. * . ; • :aI o _Z.^mlc At RjKi 


•J 1 . ^ t • . » * 

4..i' ' ■ 


Rbrfus, KW o/Thracia. 214,221 


Rhodia, dWtefcw o/ApoIIo 


30 


Ridnium, Souldiers Garment. 349 1 

Rbarnon,- God { 3 o$ '•! 

'VM - \ -m - s. - s i * v > « • • . .'. -l: • i ' • 


Sc&rpiones, whip. 

ScrobicuIuB. - • ';' 

ScyJla, : 62 ,23,8,2 if$ 

Sevphus. ’ iftjto 

Seater,** idol of OtdKrMtiMHte 
our Saturday. . Hm 

iSecefpita, a CboppingKnife. f 
Sella eburnea^or curulif. •’ 5 

Semiramis,^^ of BabiloO. : 28 y V 

iSenacuIunijfif Swafe Houfe. 
Senatores majorura Scaninomin gco«: 

tiutn. , ; 37 ? 

Senatus, 309 


g-S Semiramis,^^ o/Babi|oft 


Rbbuy. • !■■ -'H >'-v. 

Kdme,/row Romulus, 
tlrbs fepticollis. 
Rbftra, a Pidpit. 

Rttdis, a wooden Sword* 


'■ Serapis, a God of the ^Egyptians 83 

333 f 252,270,311 

^33 1 Sefach,or Saceas. io; 

i jSeftercium,Seflercius. 305 


Sefach.or Saceas 


i r ^ 




I ^ 




V'i • » 


17 - . 


« \ * 


''ft' 


i > 


^ -\ v 


f Sicheus,H»j^»d of Dido 

• > i 'Sicnatores. 

; : Sffinc. 

‘ Simois, a Rover. 


252,270,311. 

107; 

, 309 

lo. 344 

339. 

21 $ 


s 


Abins. 

r gacraraentmfii 




334 ; SimplegadesV Cyanaean 

397' • ffcat ar« r« mutual motion• 1 66* 


Sictiruirti. 


t y \ 
» ♦ « 


1 * 


i 


m. 

290 


of the Sdcriptis cjfifed to idol Slaon, 

Gods* '■***'■■' v ■ 1 ^ 29ft Sfrens 


171 

224 


-f 


1 r I 

- . 1L 


X 


V 


1 I 


Their fames 


l 


■ * * / 




, -1 


i V 


* »-*t 

• ’t* . ^ 


j SS^phus, a Robber 

*! ! - Sit/# hii*i(Umpnt i 


his punishment in heft 


Sahi,P«<jw of Mars. 
Sakiiackj 4 -; 


\ 


i.* J \ 


^8 




1 a 


.4 - * 


r" * 


SdfiirtifSerjeants 


- ... 

; u: - 




73^13 

ff 

r ’V 35 J 

39 t 

SOfipolis 


« •- V. 








S' 


•v t 


"V (A- Vt: ’V- • 0 ! n ’ 






X 4 




V‘rV">* r< 0. 

>lis ■ Deuv ^s: -yj 


1 V- 


: >5 ashT, ?.S8 fidma&fpiuhtr of A) 


r 


i 




1 r 




. WMs 

Spaica. 


s 1 • 


. i 


4S9j4I.o TeIemachus,Ulifles/on. 
u. 20$ Telephus,^wi of Mi fia 


UqA 

238 

29^ 

«1e 




1 % 






.a 


* * d 


• < 


Spulia opima 

SpQnfiones, n 
Sudium. 


^ I ' ' f 4 ‘ • 4 / 

412 Temple of Minerva WMars 


2 

. -i.. 


330 

217 


Of Ne p c un 


iH 


*4. 


spams and images 


T 


• ♦ 

S 


the wonders, of the World, 


27 6j&c. | Templumil templando. 
, one. of [ Tenesf?» 0] Cyonus., 


r?iT. 


lus,fo» o/Capaneus 


288 Teraphirn. 


r ^ 


§aturp, 

' ibii 

• 29 <>. 

, -.JSpfc 

. 254 




S^gtriatici, literati, nebulones ftig 

■•Mi- » « 


215 !, Tereus/ow of Mars. 254 

ig j Terminalia,F^ ofTerrmnus.31^ 
file- ! TerpfichoFe,fl«e’ oftbe.Mubs? .20 


4 


» 


•15 


O - r 


ndiarht 

# 

t \4. long Garment 

>he. 


394 i Terripavium 
408 I mum. 


_ : « 


• / 


Styx, a. Rivervf hell 


350,354 Teftamenta, teftator. 

?97 j Tefiado, a warlike Engine 


304: 

404 






;^9 , 

219 Teucria. 

390 ; Thalaflius, 


Subfellia 


King of Phrygia, whrnt 


:x 




f 








f O* 


20* 




Waflcoat 


336 

403 

349 


4 


TJialia 


Suwoth Benorh,r^ idol of the Baby 


jpnians 

SujSfe&i. 


Name ofUymen&us> 

: jX 

, - . . j • 34 r 

beMjls. 


f s 


V-i ■ > • > 


(S. 


as 


a 


10,2 I Tjicagenes, a w/x» noted for ftrmgtff 


i 


37.8 


• »■ m ^ r i— ^_ ^ 

Siw,wor(hipt in Brittain, whence qhy Theatre 


Sunday. 


108 j Thebes 


Supparum, a pair of Drawers . 349 Themis ,Goddefs of Jufik 


, • .- 3 I 0 H 

33 * 

172. Sec. 184 


Sybilla Cumana. 

Sybils, Nine or Ten » , 

Sympulum,4 cup to drink. 


354 Theodanus 
30$ Theramis, 
309 Rrittain, 

Sot . 


Thor 


3 ^ 

242 

idol, of 


Brittain, whence our Thurfday 


T 


T 


Therma?. 

Th^f modon,a River 
Therfites an ill (hap', 


f » 


7 i 


Abella 


362 


• ' * 


with a Blow 


JOS 

3 Vt 

13? 

2 m JP 


Tages^i God of t^yetrurians 


-1 


• • 1 


t * l * 


261 The feus 
72 H#V h 




r \ 


Bis pm 
Ttrpela, 
Tartarus, 


punishment 
la, a Roc%. 


J 


217 


» Hell* 19 3,2*8 

'^ 7 , 39 $ 

7 un 


♦. 


1 * • * 


' t 




■a 



1 


f 


3 






* * 


.r v 




V 1 


' I 


'■ A «% f-' i Y» 

- '-' {' ^J: : ,L\J 

T ' ’• v* 


‘r. t - * 
f'Sf* , ~ • 

- ^ *li 1 - • '•LJ 


•4 


Thcntatesj'i of Mercnty 
ThbxitJ’rttjl of Dia 


i 7 > 


“i 


Troy fhould ttdir Wti^fifWh 


211,231 

thole fphorus, 4 Gad. 

Tholus. • ,. 

Thuribulum,* P ot t0 bu rn 


N. »*' * 


* 


- : ■ '- 


V'TL» 


mhc* 


Thyades, Vrieffof Bacchus. 
Thyeftes 



181,241 


Hijlory. 

Tirefias, a South fay tr. 

Tifiphone,^ 0/ rfo Furies 
Titan,Saturn’i brother. 

Titans. . 

Tithonus,t/tffl?d into a Grafs-kopptr. 

54,205 

Titii fodales , Priefls of Apollo. 307 
Yltyusjon of Jupiter, his punifhmenp 

in.Hell. 

Timolus 


he lived 
Trophxa. 

Tros, fan of Ericthoni 
whence Troja and Troas. 

Troy, a city of Afia minor. 

taken after ten years fiegt. 
Trullia, or Trulla,a Jar# Cuf 
Tuifco,™ idol of Brltcaifij whence 

our Tuefday. 

Tullianuih, a Dudgeon 


Hoftiliu* 




Tudica, palmatia, 5 , ( .... 
Tunica,a pi^jh'mHtffl 

s, a Troop of Horft. 
is, \ing of the Rutulr. 


*• V f 


* * 




' - 9 


Tydeus Ttftfd. 
Tyndarus,unde Tyndarides 


S 


•. t X 

i • 


Toga, a Garment for per fens of Qua- Typhon, a Gy ant 


lity 


Togatl 


30 o, 353 > 37 2 > 


Toga pura,pra2texta,purpurea,fordi 
da,candida,pi&a,forenfis 

Tophet. 

Trabea,<: Gar) 

Tragocdiae. 

Triarii. 

Tribuni militu 
Tribuni plebis 



Mens, a Captain. 

Vallu m.wbence Intervallum.404 


412 Veftigalia 
330 Vclites^ 

400 Venus 


bSoulditrs 


102 


Triclinium. 


Ve&igal Tribotum 


chus. 


Orgya, Feajls of 


Trifmegiftus,a Name of Mercury 
Trifmegtftus. 

Tritons, half Menjbalf Dolphins. 
Trivet of Gold, - 
-Triumph, the manner of it. . 
Triumviri capitales, minarii, Colo 

nix deducenda* triumviri no&urni 


Her Hi [lory. 

A Star. 

Vefpa, or Vefpilla, he that plac d 
Urns. 

Vefper,or Hefperus. 

Vefta, Mother of Tita 
A name of Cybele, Goddefs of /? 

Veftal Virgins, a Vefta. 9,301 
Veftibulum I Vefta. 

Veterani, mathtr-biattn Souldlers 

& t 


&c. 

T roilus, fon of Prian 
Slain by Achilles, 


Via Sacra 

Vicefima. 


203,213 Vinea. 
U declare Yitw li 


* 1 


- 4 


Ulyfics* 


INDEX. 


Ulyflcs 


6 <u6$ 3 2o2&i>ii$ 


<i tw*j 

X. 




% — 


t . 


* \ 


y I - • < 


M r 


r •c 


y qmitoria. 
Urania, one of the 
na. ' ' 

r patio 
Mean. " 
toot 


T- 


r- 






* * 


- c 


f* + 


1 ▼ ^ 


♦ f 


oms 


1 r 


« _ 




0 \ 


23,5*2,21^,248 

° \ M T 


«T 7 




1 #1 • 


1 


• r 




- V 


i « 


• — i 


/» 


Ine. 




% w ». « 


Woden, anjdol o/Britain. 


> f - 


whence our WC 1 


fcomen Famous^ Alcefte, £erftiramis, 
Cleopatra, Zenobia , Irene , 






Olympias, Mother of Alexander 


* • 


\ * 


• •' . *> 


• • % 


. • 


% '• 


.. ^ 


T . 


* < • 






Sttfr I? 11 ? 


t+Ljr? 


the Amazons* 

TfeleiiaVSappho;t ucretiarArria, 
XaitiEhry&CjR^^ ^ 

2 ^ 4 ,&c. 


•!« r 


) 


I 


♦ ’ 


✓ # 


% * 


- v- 


• # 




- 4 


•• ■■■; * •• 


* - 




wonders of. the 




.1 fcCf 

The Grecian wooden-Horft. 223> &c* 



I I 


• 4 


» ♦ 

Anthus 








4 • 


' 4 • N 


AmoIxis,<x Law-Giver. 
Zethus, fon of Boreas 


a *9 

72 


/ 


Zonam folvarc, to dejfour a Virgin t 

^o, 3$4 


. • 1 ■« 


« I 


« * 






< * 


f • * ~ 

\ 




• A 




i' 


t * 


» 


r 


.r. 


• • 


\ -N 


• 4 • i. 


y a 


l » ' • 


f 


. * i-.’: .1 

• y‘ - 1 ^ 




• r -y-X; ^ \ 

. • 

; liif-hT 

h . 


• 4 


j\ • t ^ ^ • / • / 




•) 


- • 


I V* 




J • 






»t 


I 

• » 


'J/ V 1 

•f 1 • 


t 


1 . 


• . 


• i 


> 4 r- » * 


v 


* . 


. \ 


• 4 




... 1 


1 ; v ; /. 


4 S 


I t 


1*1- 


i 






a - 






% . 
























_ i 

• s.> 
l 

I 


* .■ 

/ J 




»v V * ^ ' 


< »• 

^ ' * 

' T 1 
\ *' 

. •;; j 


r < 


- > 


*4 ! 


r: - • •■ • 

J'N 3 - 


t 


rtt i • !-T> ✓«*. / 


. u 


ii% there, which 

( With feveral ot 


f i 


£ 


as m 


i -h< 


f 


1^72, tp i 


) /fl/d 


London 


by Moles Pitt^ ttye Argel againlithe Greats North 

Vour of St ♦ Pauis-phiirch, Thofe Withan Xfierifi: 
aie Printed at the \Tbe*tre* , v ^ 

4 • ; . t / /1 


/ 




' 4 


* *• 


V 




« * 4 


if / 1 w 


0 - / 


i * 


W FOLIO. 


< ' 4 . 


* 


' v 


if 


* • 


\ ; 


• •# 


* 7 


*« 


t# r. 


\ * 1 • 


\ 


r 


.» 4 


IT. 




dex 


1 • V 
* - 4 • 


% f 


* The Englijh Atlas Vol. lfi. containing the defcription 
pf the N^tb-Pokjzs alfo Mufcovy^Poland^Sweden^nd Den- 

marfy, 

* The fecond Vol. of the Atlas containing half the 

Empire of Germary . . 

^The^ Vol, containing the in Provinces. 

"^^TKe yd Vol. containing the other half of the Em¬ 
pire of Germany> now in the Prefc. 

%vyo&Kh five Pande&ae Canonuqa S» S. Apoftolo,- 
rum & Conciliorum ab Ecclefia Graeca receptorum, 
nec non canon icorum S. S. Patrum Epiftolarum una cum 
Scholiis antiquorum fingulis annexis,& Scriptis aliis hue 


fpe&antrbus, quorum plurima 


Bibliothecas Bodl 


aliarumque MSS. codicibus nunc prirrum edita, :reliqua 
qam iiidem MSS. fumma fide 8 c diligentia cpllata. Tot 
turn opus in duos Tomos divifum, Gul Beveregius Ecclefia? 


* 


pat. auxit. 


* % 


^ 4 


■ * 

^ 4 . * 


. •*' 


; • i 


iefen* in Acad, Oxon* 


- * 


J 7 -- ' 
~ r 


y * 


S* - • * 




♦ a ' 


Hi/loiig 

* l- * * t w 


Vll 


c 


_Autore AutiLma^im^ 


■si* 


• : y* 


* 


niverfitatis Aularum Scenogrsphtaper 

Dav. Iowan. - ' '* 


:! ^ Plantatum't UmbeDiferarum diftributio nova par ta 
hulas cognafionts & affinitatis, ex libro nafnias obfer 
vata & dete£h, Aut. Re!>. Mori}In, Prof. Bot. : . ’' i 


* Plantarurfi fiiftori^ Umverlahs Uxomenus pars 2a 

fen Herbarum diftiibutio nova, r p<(r tabulas cognationis 8 c 
affinitatis ex libro naturas obfervata & dete&a. Aut^ore 

Mvwifon medico 8 c profeffore Botanico Eegio 


Rob. 

id 8 o 

* 


1 


/ # : 

• * ; 




The Hi (lory of Hapland Engliffi 


*. 1 


' \ 




•v»* . • 




r 


CX 




ms. 


^litfqite conflata, 8 cc. cum notis^ Lydiati ^ aliontnL per 
Humph. Prideaux. _ ’ _ _ f _ :r 


Natural Hiftory ot uqtirorjimtb oeing au ^u^ 
towards the Natural Hiftory of England* By 


L. L. D 


■ * 


• • 1 * •• % Ln a 4 .. * . • 

t • Jv t' '.>*■ 




Theatti Oxonienfis Encaenia, five Gomitia I^ilolo- 


gica, 7 «/. 6 . Anno' n>77i Celebtd{a 


♦ f 


r •» r 


• • « 




;f ’ 


^ 1 
^ V.J 1 A 


i-; * r% 

'• c • ^ 


Db(^or PococVs Commentary on Micha and Mata ohi 


On Hope a. now in 




* ii - 




liv 


4 • 

• # 


» * 


/ 


cw®- 


h l r \ 




’ tj 


i 


% ^ 


♦ - —. 


XZtifeg.'iMi IntetWKeT; Gale 


** 


i 


* 

i 


Ill'll! 


u 

♦ 

4 > S. \ 

♦ 

4 

:) O s'2 


* A thort view ofitfee late troubles in England 

jOsy to 'i650‘'by Sir William T>ugdak Kt. Gaiter 
King of Arms. (this Book was • prefented .the Qnttns 


:au 


r.r 

i . \ 




n m 


e ■ 


f - 


1 » 


v 


* Gudieri Cbarletoni M. D. Onomajlicon Zoicon, Editio 




^ . 


• T. r 




tor. 




> 5 * \ 1 

.L, . - 


> - 




auum 











•V 
• ^ 


fitful. 


# Jeftpbm OnLat* -cwivNods. & -tho P refs ^ ^ 
Irena d opera. Gr. Lat. i V •'.'; r,s« 


i r 


: fa 




\ /: 
si.-.* 


Trams Willoughby of Birds in Eng^ifh, by Jfe Riry, 
Sir Edward Coo£s Reports, in Engliffi. -• 

Judge Grooms Reports, Vol. j; notv Reprinting. 
Compleat Ambafiador. ■ // > *: ?>:: 


f > 
J* K 


\ 


Labbsei Gloffaria Latino-Grseca 6c Grsec-o* Latina 


Paris 1679* -.o'f?iKp 

Huetii ( Pet. Dan.) deroonftratio Evangelica ad fere- 
nif.Delphinum Par//, ldyp. . 

Epifcopii ( Simonis) Opera Theologica cum hcris He* 


A) 


I 


Charras PharmacopOSa,Galenical^ Chymicab r 

Webjiers difplay of Witchcraft, wherein is affirmed 
tha£ there are many forts of deceivers and impofes 

l 6 77 - ■■ ■*--> ■' . . 


i*. ••, ' 


the five famous propofitions. ^ 

* Johan* Scoins de Divifione Nat ura?. 

De Ratione ac Jure hniendi controverfias Ecclefiae 
Difputatio.Authorc Herb. Thorndike. 

Thefts Theologies variis Temporibus in Academia Seda- 
rtenfi edit£, & ad difputandumpropofita?. AuffioreL^- 


forc. 


In quibus exponitur fentehtia Doftcrum Ecclefe 


Romanae. & Proteftantium. 


Editio Tertia. 


( 


> ' 


Doctor Henry Hammond’s Sermons. 1^75. 1 - 

A Table of Ten Thoufand Square Numbers^ fey John 
Pell D. D. ftifcht, 1 /. 6d, v >« > 

Ludolphi Hid. Ethiopica. 

Idem in Englifh. . k >. / 




} ... 
t* • ^ . 




\ ' 


- t 


» 


* 1 


■A * 


\ ’ 1 


C ' 


} ? 


1 • - 


• \ 


4- - -* 


r li • 1 i 


The Commentaries and Life of ^Gdfiurx remain¬ 
ing his Wars in Gfllk?, and the GiviLyvars betwixt him 
^nd Pomfey* with the Notes of Cimm EdKonds^xtij, 

jr • ' x -- v—»•— -*•»- «-v *• *- - 1. - ' ' .* . 9 

TV > ' ' w ' “ 4 - ' 1 ; 


M ' 1 f “ 


•f —5 ‘ ; Ct -v f ■: • -• , * r .*• . 


* ^ * 


. V • ' 


’a bio .I 








/ 





* I': 




9 

T4vmwir4rTrwefe into Pfrfy, the Ea&lnd/ef, toun- 
Quin, & c. Vol. 2 d. , V .. . Cj} .* _ V 

Kirig* ‘ ^ 




ajeffieSjRoyal Highnefs 1 




Dodor^ Adam hftiUtm Sermqn$. Dntyof Man. Decay 
of Pj#y*; Gentlemans Calling! Ladies Calling. Art of 
Contentment. Government of the Tongue. Lively Ora¬ 
cles. .. Ail Seven Printing together in a large Folio. 


s. Ail Seven Printing together in a large Folio. 

Common-Prayers for Churches with $9 Articles 


• xC rv- 'i"' * »*r-' *. f. t 

* . 1 *^ •> A.* U w*i| ^ *• • 


l / 


* 1 


• ^ 


IN QUARTO, 


I * - 


* 


* 4 » 


s 


Evcral Englith Bibles with the Liturgy, Apocrypha 




V ■' 




leones & Defcriptiones rariorum Plautarum Sicilian 

aei Galliee & Italic. Autor e Paula Boccone, 


CommonrPrayer Books. , 

Tbeovhihts an d Philsdoxus , 4 controverfial Dialogues 


of Prayer in an unknown Tpngue. 

of). The Worffiiping of Images 
Saints bv Gilb f .Cple D. D. i 


The half Comnwni- 
The Invocation of 


* f 




The Divine Apthotby of Script 


SermOoJiy 


Dr. Allejlre 


At 


♦ r 

v v 


t r» 




v> 




The.Charadler of the laft days. .a Sermon by^ Dodor 


John Fell Lord Bifliop of Oxford, 




?»• 


* 


•v T 


Hiftoria Jacobitarum in Aigypt 


iperuro, cut^vdr 

M. v .\:r V 

L ; bia, Nubian 7 E- 


- j 






} • 


«-• 


« r 


itfbudacnttm. : . = 1 >; 

*A view and. furvey of the dangerous errors to 

Church and S_t^te in Mr. Hobbs his Book intituled Levia¬ 
than, bv Edward Earl of Clarendon, ., * 


t t • 




♦ * 




1 ** 


f' i) 


-<1 


^ A Sermop before the Houfe of Peers, Vetftnbfr 22# 






A 


r 



4 




f 




a 

•* r 


' \y 






tth* 


1 > 


i 


• • • 

-b*C I'M 'ts %Ofc 


* Do&or WiUis At foriitm Brutorunv 


*v 


V f> A 




•{ *: M • 


* 


VoJ 


i r 


4 

* Claudii Ptolomsei Harmoniaa Gri'tat. ex ifetenfiohe 


& cum Kotis Job, Wallis $, T. 0. Geem* Profi 


; ? * i . 

> w * » - » 


? 


* • 


> * 


IV.- Theodoiii Sphsrica, Mcthodo n'Ova Illuftrata &>fuc 
cin&e demonftrata, ; per Ifa&JBarrovr. $ ■;.«> : ! 

Le&iones Geometric* per 1 facid lysrrtfts i '■ ; 

Apologia pro Ecclefi* patribus adverfus JobanriemDah 
hum de ufu patrunr -Aktk Math. Scrivener. 

‘BeveregH Gul.Codex Ganonum EcclefiaePrimitivas via 
dicatse. • 


% 


Hercboordi ( Adrian*) Meliterrifta Philofophica Am 


tier dam, 1680 


\ , ; • • > 


r r-.r\ 


Hiftory of Tyths, by- John S elden Lorid&n^ 1681. 
Jobinnii Bona (Cardinalis) Opera Theologica' 167? 


16 A 


* • \ ♦ 


* • * 


« 


• 1 1 • 


I « 


l 


% 


+ 9 


Do&or Pelfs introdu&ion to Algebra 7 /. • • * 

N*ch. Mer cat oris Logarnhmo-Teebttia^ five methodus 
conftruendi Logarithmos, 166& * & JacGregorii Exfiici- 


I |T*! 


tt\C£ii66$ 


» .* . t 


r * 




£#*///* Typhis BatavusLudg. Bat. 1624 5 


*'{ 
' • • • ^ % 4 > 


Efedor 'thorn4 Jacotnb , on 
Romans, 8 j. 


ihe ; Eighth ‘Chapter of the 


• t r ' f 
v • • , 

% A * • ♦ '* 


> 


, #2 


Hieronymi Mercurialis de Atte 

♦ f ' r f r 


- f 


•VI'*' v 


? 


T ~ 


0 W m \ 


1 t 


f 




n • 


.* V / • * 
* Z. fc.A 'f 


■ 7 VJ i*: 


U1C 


jf.Cirellii Ethic a Arijlotelica & Chri ftianA) 16/ ♦ 

Editioni praeter praefixam Au&oris vitam, actedit Calhe- 

chefis' Ecciefnrum Potdnicarum, .a Jo. Grellio, Joha Scb • 


ktbtihgioi M. Kttaro } -ec 
mendata, (Jlafinop. id8x 
‘ Joan, Binchii Mellificmm 


■H 


w - 

» I 


U 


/♦ 




• % 


* * 


tded, • 1 v 6,j.- s. ? 1 

new eenvertsirx^ 


sJ ■ 






1 « J~ * ' 




m 


rt t 










l 












f 


* • 4 * 


JVr. HormU 


U c. 


: 'i< 57 j. ' v; ' 






point of Sehifin, by Sir Roger 


Dodtor HUotforf s Sermon before the King,, April 18, 


X 






»^ 


Dodfor Wilkins , s two Sermons before the King, March 


7, 1669 and Feb.j' ) i 6 jo> P'" 

'‘^• Coopers Hiil, Latine redditum ad Ndbiliffimum 


r • • - I 


r • 


•1 f 


k - 


A * ‘ 
’• ■» 


. - r \ • 


11 -« 




> . ^ 


J ' 




^ > 


# * 


/ 


* f • J V - 


IN OCTAVO. 






% I 




Ml* ^ 


*. . * 


#•> 


J >.j ■ ± 


s 1 


• I 


-I 




# • \ 

HO. Lydia ti Can ones Chronologici, nec nonferies 


f 9 + % 9 


* % 


1 ' f * # 


n©xum. 


A v 


GUi‘ # • - v* 


• » 


J ’ % 


* Saul and Samuel at Endorser the tie W ^ay^of Sal¬ 
vation and Service, which 1 ufUaliy fefnpt Men td Rowland 

J ^ T_‘‘it’J , v 1 _ii r.Vjf M 


D. p f with the vindication of his Mjjjale Kent, 

r; •.:. ' < : • 1 • v.0 


Brevint 


the 2d. Imp’reflion. 


• 1 


* \ < 


- # 


St. Paul to the Romans. 

# • • 

^ Thp F orlipic 


* 


- a 


9 * v 


4 % 


- * \ 


i 


j ■ * 


1 


* ' 


/ ^ t I. i j 4 


* The Art of Gontentmenf. } 


l i 


I »■ 


V 


» 1 






«► 


to us 


Birth-right ari^'‘duty in the cudodyand ufe of the fjoty 
Scripture ; thefe four be the Author of. the vvhok.duty of 

am • * M r ’**.••• t* • ’• • - ■' • 1 . v ? > 'i r\ ' ■' •“••• *>! : f <- ^ * 

Man.- .- • - ■ ■ 


' *< r ' \ \ 


*• < * *, \ 9 7 ^ 
. > v - 1 


> 'a r 


• <^C • * N 

.•44 * 


* 

* 


'Pjenophott Oyrdp.'Gricc 


id A'-:-" 1 v 


\ ■ 1 


t j 


an 


- 4 - ; 

iV: • 




n 






by 


!<• • I 




f ^ 


> _ 


^ ^•- v.**' 4 -'.. *. : :■ v-f 







1 


an 


d Sold iy Mofes Pitt. 


fey Chriftafber 


*■ * • *J H S » A'" - - 3*0. i •• :-.- s :M v •; V- _ •“. MAH-i 


•* V* ’•I . ^ 

Oxon t Superiour 



* EpiGeti Enchiridion , 
Carad. Gr> L. cum Notis* rd8o. 



Oxon. &c t 


t 


:Vi* 


% 

I ' 


4 • 


cum 



* A- ^ 




H:f\> 




i * 


Eloquentiae, quae orrmia notis illuftrantut 

* Nemefti Philofophi tic 

Jib. unus, demio recognitus & manufcriptotum .collatiorie 

in integrum reftitutus, 

tus. Graec* Lat, 

* 

of the Kingdom of Eez, and Morocco, with an account ? of 
the prefent cuftoms 3 facred, civil, and domeftic, by D 

Mdifottp 




• r- 


* \ 


<: 1 


* Homed Ilias, cum Scholiis Didymi Gr 

* Theocritus cum Scholiis Graecis* 

* eArattu cum Scholiis Graecis. 


* Suetonius Tranquillus 3 - cum Notis 


? 

r i. 





Smith S, $. Th. Bac. 

* GUI, Onghtredi opufcula hadenus incdita 



* Rhetores feledi 


5 




Demetrius Pbalerem, de 


Elocutione i liberitu Rhetor, de Schematibus Demotthe 

Anonymus Sopbifta, de Rhetorical Seven Alexandri 


m 



Demetrium emendavit* reliquos h M S S 
edidit & Latine vertit* otrincs Noti$illudravit The, Galt' 

b# ', f ♦ ^ 

S« Co* Mi 


Primarii 






v U> 




Reffc&iQns 










r.c: 


»U1 *. «i.;l !■> * 



JV 5 . 


v\ 


. ' . / 4 V, *•.; T 


- < '. * r * 


.* / 


« r I 


• * 


* Rcfietfions 







1 

fc 

4 


t v 


- . * 


» * 


By ff. C. 


i 



M*;A« Ch», Ch. 


.j 


* Pfafoium Gr. JuXta M. S 


Vul^ per °* Gtk* 


. - V 


t 


* Herodiani Hifi. Gr. Lat. cum notis. 


> M 


>, L V 'A, . 


* HiftmU G r. La. 


t* ' 




*. •«. - - 



*Common-Prayer 



BaUtzii. 


* + 



. ld8l. 


of all the Nobility, Bilhops, and Baronets of England by 



Vttgdak Kt. Garter King 


Arms 


To 


added a Catalogue of all the Nobility and Bi 


(hops of Scotland and Ireland according to their preceded 


cy 


* Bibles with References and Chronology 


Dr .IfachVofjius dePoematum Cantu 


Oraculis Sybillirtis 


* Dr* Mayorp Tradatus quinque de Spiritu nitroacrco 






Ladantius cum Notis now in the Prefs 


The certainty of Chriftian faith,by Dr* Whitby 


Vidajcalcophtts or the deaf and dumb Mans Tutor 


Hiftoria? Poetic# feriptores antiqu^AppolIodorus* &c 


Gr. Lat. cum notis 8c indicibus neceffariis 


Sophocles Gr. Lat. cum Noti? 


♦ 


Gradus ad PernalTum 


A Scriptural Catechifm,according to the Method obfer 


ved by the Author of the Whole Duty of Math 


Hoppef of .delighting in God, and of the Bkffednefs of 



twoVol 


* X 1 


Arc of fpeaking, by M. Da Port Royal, i6j6 


A Difcourfe o 



otion. 


f. '! 




'L i r • 



Great Mogol, 



► r. 


b * 


; Jf«r b,- *i X.* 


*-sv _‘-o ~4 .4V-? v’ '■ 







I* 


K 


m 


ofesPitt 


N 




i 

The Hifiory of the Conqueft of the Empire of China 

by the Tartars, i6yi. 4 /. 

Myjlery of Iniquity unvetiled , by Gilbert Burnet 1 x, 
Jheod.JurquetijDeAUyerne^DcArthntide. ■ 


A 


way of curing the Gout, and Oblervations and 


Practices relating to Women in Travel, 3 /. 

Elenchi Motuum Nuperorutn in Anglia pars tertiafi 
ins Compofiti. 

Gualtari Needham de Formato Foetu. 

9 v 

Saxtorfui’s Epitomeof his Hebrew Grdmmer. 


TheF 


or 


Fool or the life of Dr .Cenudo 


^ * 1 . 

The adventures of Mr, T. S, an Englijh Merchant, taken 
Prifoner by the Turly of Argiers. 

The Relation of a Voyage into Mauritania in Africa, by 


"Roland Ere'y.ti of Marfeilles, 

A Genuine Explication of t 
Revelation Joy A . 2 >, Peganius. \ 6y 


of the Vifidns in the Book of 


t • 


N * I 


Pro 


L+ * 


iHS tO 


rally 


DilTertation concerning Solids natii 


ned within Solid 


An Effay about the Origine and Virtues of Gems, bj 

Robert Boyle . 

A Compleac Treatife of Chyrurgery, containing Bar 


A Compleac Treatife of Chy'rurger 

hetts Chyrurgery. 

Dodtor Lower de corde. Am(lr. i 6 j 


3 


Grower Elenchi Script. inScripturam 3 s. 6 d» 

Mr. Boyle of hidden Qualities of the Air. 

Mr. Boyle of Effluviums of fire flame. 

Memoirs of Mr. Ves- Ecotaij. . 

Les Memoirs Da Madame la Princcfife Maria Manfini 

Cvlonne. 

La vi & les A&iones Memorables de Lieut. Amirel Mr- 

» • • 

chel de Ruyter, 1077. 5/. / 

A Vindication of the Primitive Church and Dioceilan 


Epifcopacy 


anfwer 


Mr. Baxters Church hiffory by 


H. Morice Fellow of Jefus Coh Vxon 


* 


A brief Explanation of the Church Catecfrifm 


Marjlul 


IN 


• ^ 


iBooks Printed at the Theatre, ©V 


tt 


IN DUODECIMO. 


T 


# # 

tiSKcupH* ei'-a-w?*. Novi teflamenti lib. omnes 

X Accdferunt parallels f • -iurte loca, necnon variair 
tes lediones ex plus 1 o; : Cod. & antiquis veriT 

onibus colledae. 

* 

* De Secretione animaiiccgiiata, Aut Gilb. Cole . M. D. 

* H. Grotim de Veritati Relig. Chrifti. 

*Corntlii Nepotti vitae Excellent. Imper. Coliat.4, MS. 
S. recognitae* Acceffit Arijiomcnis vita, ex Paufania. 

* Ars rationis, maxima ex parte ad men tern Norrimali- 
um. lib. 3. 

*GuilLilii Grammatica Latina, additis fubinde ohfer** 
vationibus utiliflf. ex Difpaut. Alvar * Santt. Scinp. VoJf. 
Bufbeo& quotquot nuper feripfere Gram. Latinis. 

* The Chriftian Sacrament andSacrafice by way of Dif- 
courle, Meditation and Prayer, upon the nature, parts 
and bleflings of the Holy Communion, by Dan. Brevint , 

D.D. 

* Miffale Romamtm y or the Depth and My fiery of the 
the Roman Mafs . 

* Maximus Tyrius y Gr. Lat. 

* IVillicti Pharmac. rationalis. 


* 


* Archimedis Arenarius, & de dimenfione circuit, cum 

Euocii comment. Gr. Lat. ex verfione & recenf* Dr. Wal¬ 
lis Prom. Geom. Savil, 

* Juniani Ju&ini Hifioriarum, ex Trogo Pompeiolita 
44 * ox Cod. M. S. S. collatione recogniti. 

* Cathelick Religion maintained in the Church of 
England , by A, Sail , D. D. 

* Salujlii Hifl. cum Nods* 

* Antoninus. Gr* Lat. 

* Faufiini Presbyteri Scriptores Seculi iquarti & fidei 
Orthodoxy adverfus AiianoSi vindicis acerimi, Opera. 


0 


* Eleganti a? Poetic#* 


Teftamentum 






... 




. jf ccaaai 




V'f'J 







« • 


an J Sold ly Mofes Pitt. 

* Teftamentum Latinura. 

* Senecae Tragediz, cum NotiS. 

* Bibles large Letter# f 

* Teftatnencs feveral forts. 

* Common- Prayers of fe veral forts. 

Biblia Francois, 18. 

A Paradice of Veligbts , or an Elixir of Comforts offer¬ 
ed to Believers 9 in two Difcourfes, the firft on Heb. 6, 17, 
18. the fecond on Romans 8. 32. by Robert Wyne. 1 /* 

Grotii Sophompaneas. 

Grtinovius in Livium. ^ 

Primrofe Ars Pharmaceutica. 

School^ de Pace# 

Suetonius . 

S waive Alcali, 

-Scverihi Synopfis Chyrurgt*. 




Terentii Flores 
Trelcatii loci Communes 


lreicam iuli v . uu »» h«»v ■>, f . . a .- 

de Ci»/ce» & Nfgwww de VeleruM. A 

Sept. FL Tcrtulham , Cl# Saimaa oc ^0 


ccfferunt ex^. — r - . T/ s /C « 

Ktibetiii Scriptis plurima ejufdem Argumenti id «7 
0 «m» T.Anii Hyppocrates Chytmcus, 1671. _ 
Theodori Kerckrimi, D. M. Commentarius in C«rr«»> 

Itiumfhdem Antimonii Bafitii Valmuni a fe latimtate dona- 

turn, 1 <57 i. 

* Gratrtmatica RationiS. _ 

■ SSTafifite * p*"»“ 

use 8c Felicitatis* 


* 


S 



» ' 


*> 


FINJS. 


*\ 

I 




«*#