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Topic: Pawn Movement

Description: A pawn moves forward one square, but it captures diagonally. On its first move, a pawn can move forward two squares.

Topic: King Movement

Description: The king moves one square in any direction: horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.

Topic: Knight Movement

Description: The knight moves in an L-shape: two squares in one direction and then one square perpendicular, or one square in one direction and then two squares perpendicular.

Topic: Castling

Description: Castling is a move that involves the king moving two squares towards a rook on the player's first rank, then the rook moving to the square over which the king crossed.

Topic: Check

Description: A check is a situation where a king is under threat of being captured on the next move.

Topic: Checkmate

Description: A game of chess is won by checkmating your opponent's king, which means the king is in a position to be captured and cannot escape.

Topic: Stalemate

Description: A stalemate occurs when the player whose turn it is to move has no legal move and their king is not in check. It results in a draw.

Topic: En Passant

Description: En passant is a special pawn capture that can occur if a pawn moves two squares forward from its starting position and lands beside an opponent's pawn.

Topic: Chess Clock

Description: A chess clock is used to track the total time each player takes for their moves. If a player's time runs out, they lose the game.

Topic: Fork

Description: A fork is a tactic where a single piece attacks two or more of the opponent's pieces at the same time.

Topic: Bishop Movement

Description: A bishop moves diagonally any number of squares, but cannot jump over other pieces.

Topic: Pin

Description: A pin occurs when a piece cannot move without exposing a more valuable piece, like the king or queen, to attack.

Topic: Discovered Check

Description: A discovered check happens when a piece moves, revealing an attack on the opponent's king by another piece.

Topic: Rook Movement

Description: A rook moves any number of squares along a row or column.

Topic: Gambit

Description: A gambit is a chess opening in which a player sacrifices material, usually a pawn, with the hope of achieving a subsequent advantageous position.

Topic: Fifty-Move Rule

Description: The fifty-move rule allows a player to claim a draw if no pawn has been moved and no capture has been made in the last fifty moves by each player.

Topic: Difference Between Check and Checkmate

Description: Check is when the king is in danger but can still escape, whereas checkmate is when the king is in danger and cannot escape.

Topic: Queen Movement

Description: The queen can move any number of squares along a row, column, or diagonal.

Topic: Perpetual Check

Description: Perpetual check is a situation in which one player can check the opponent's king continuously, resulting in a draw if it occurs three times.

Topic: Phases of a Chess Game

Description: The three phases of a chess game are the opening, the middlegame, and the endgame.