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4117208#0
韩国出口的电视剧有哪些?
[ { "docid": "34435#16", "text": "进入21世纪后,韩剧借助20世纪90年代掀起的韩流风潮,向包括中国、日本、台灣、東南亞在内的世界各地出口。首先形成收视热潮的青春偶像剧。KBS在2000年和2002年制作的《蓝色生死恋》和《冬季恋歌》将韩剧的热潮扩大到了整个亚洲,劇中男女主角裴勇俊、宋承憲、宋慧乔和元斌等人的知名度也跟著水漲船高,该剧的外景拍摄地也成了旅游景点。KBS在2004年推出的偶像剧《浪漫满屋》,由于改编自著名漫画书,并由Rain和宋慧乔两位韩国当红明星领衔主演,因此备受关注,吸引了台湾方面的投资。2004年,MBC播出的《我叫金三顺》讲述的是一位没有学历、不漂亮、有些胖的29岁老姑娘实现灰姑娘之梦的故事。该剧新颖的喜剧风格和女主角金善雅的优秀演技使其成为当年收视率最高的电视剧。2006年,MBC播出的改编自漫画书的偶像剧《宫》,描述的是19世纪王子与21世纪少年间的超越身份的爱情,也受到了观众的好评。2014年《来自星星的你》续《大长今》之后在亚洲再次掀起韩剧热潮。2016年,《太阳的后裔》再次突破收视率记录。该剧亦是首部韩中同步播出的电视剧。", "title": "韓國電視劇" }, { "docid": "247201#23", "text": "1993年,中国中央电视台尝试首次引入韩剧《嫉妒》,直至1997年的《爱情是什么》方引起巨大轰动。韩国电视剧在各地的走红也引起了部分电影的热卖。包括2003年的《实尾岛》、2004年《太极旗飘扬》。在韩国韩亚航空公司一架命名为“大长今”波音767客机(注册号HL7514)上,机身上画满李英爱的巨幅照片。2009年的《花樣男子》不僅風迷東南亞更於2015穫頒Soompi韓流特別獎,說明该剧雖然已經經過了6年仍然持續不斷的受到全球韓迷的歡迎,人氣不減 。。", "title": "韓流" } ]
[ { "docid": "34435#0", "text": "韩国电视剧(),简称韩剧(),指韩国拍摄制作的电视剧。二十世纪八十年代,韩剧随着电视的彩色化而兴起。1990年,韩国修订《电视法》,允许民营电视台和有线电视台进入电视广播产业。1991年,民营商业电视台SBS的成立使韩剧产业形成KBS、MBC和SBS三足鼎立的商业化运作格局。1997年,韩剧《爱情是什么》在中国中央电视台的热播,使韩剧开始在中国、臺灣、日本、斯里蘭卡、印度东北部、东南亚地区流行,成为“韩流”的重要组成部分。2000年开始,韩剧与韩流在世界更大范围流行,进入兴盛期。", "title": "韓國電視劇" }, { "docid": "360639#7", "text": "韩国光复后,美国电影大批涌入韩国。进口美国电影曾占据韩国全年上映电影数量的一半以上。朝鲜战争期间,韩国依然大量进口美国和法国的电影。避难地破旧的电影院上映的进口外国电影吸引了大批的观众,盛况空前。1954年,有30个外国电影进口公司相互竞争争夺这一市场。1959年,韩国进口的外国电影多达212部,其中90%都是好莱坞的影片。《魂断蓝桥》(1940年,默夫云·莱罗依)、《卡莎布兰卡》(1942年,迈克尔·柯蒂兹)、《罗马假日》(1953年,威廉·惠勒)等经典好莱坞电影放映时影院经常满座。这些进口电影一方面让韩国电影人有了紧迫感,迫使他们尽早制作出高质量的作品,另一方面,也为韩国电影人提供了可以学习、借鉴的契机。", "title": "韓國電影" }, { "docid": "5183047#35", "text": "韩国光复后,美国电影大批涌入韩国。进口美国电影曾占据韩国全年上映电影数量的一半以上。朝鲜战争期间,韩国依然大量进口美国和法国的电影。避难地破旧的电影院上映的进口外国电影吸引了大批的观众,盛况空前。1954年,有30个外国电影进口公司相互竞争争夺这一市场。1959年,韩国进口的外国电影多达212部,其中90%都是好莱坞的影片。《魂断蓝桥》(1940年,默夫云·莱罗依)、《卡莎布兰卡》(1942年,迈克尔·柯蒂兹)、《罗马假日》(1953年,威廉·惠勒)、《飞瀑怒潮》(1953年,亨利·哈萨维)等经典好莱坞电影放映时影院经常满座。这些进口电影一方面让韩国电影人有了紧迫感,迫使他们尽早制作出高质量的作品,另一方面,也为韩国电影人提供了可以学习、借鉴的契机。", "title": "韓國電影史" }, { "docid": "34435#4", "text": "1964年12月,民营东洋放送社(TBC)成立后播出了韩国首部日日电视剧《下著雪》(),KBS則推出了第一部历史剧《國土萬里》()。以追求收视率为目的的民营电视台的出现使韩国电视界出现了竞争。1960年代后期,特别是1969年民营MBC电台成立后,韩国电视剧的类型基本完善,出现了历史剧、社会剧、家庭剧和爱情剧等类型。1969年,韩国还出现了以婚外情为题材的电视剧《》。该剧以“青蛙是水陆两栖生活,你的丈夫生活在何地?”为主题,描述了丈夫(崔佛岩飾演)与年轻女秘书发生关系,妻子(金惠子飾演)以忍耐与原谅坚守家庭的当时社会大男子主义的传统气氛。由于题材的刺激性和不道德因素,该剧播放期间遭到众多批评而中途停播,但同时也创造了当时最高的收视率。", "title": "韓國電視劇" }, { "docid": "167459#6", "text": "不過2001年之後,由於韓國電視劇隨著韓國流行文化向海外擴張而興起,劇集採購成本亦較為便宜,因此許多中国大陆、香港、台灣的電視台轉而採購韓劇,並在黃金時段播出,使得原本長期居於重要地位的日劇備受威脅。儘管如此,仍有不少日劇依舊受到相當程度的注目如《白色巨塔》、《半澤直樹》、《家政婦三田》、《電車男》、《神探伽利略系列》, 《14歲的媽媽》。", "title": "日本流行文化" }, { "docid": "34435#9", "text": "1987年,卢泰愚为平息六月民主运动发表“六二九宣言”。韩国进入民主化时期,《言论基本法》被废除,取而代之的是《新电视法》。随着政治环境的好转,KBS与MBC两大电台的收视率竞争开始变得更为激烈。爱情剧和婚外情电视剧重新开始出现。与此同时,韩国出现一种新的电视剧类型“迷你电视剧”。1987年,MBC播出了韩国历史上的首部迷你电视剧《》,受到观众青睐。这时期的迷你电视剧一般改编自有浓厚社会性的小说。1980年代后期,以爱情为题材的迷你电视剧开始出现,如1988年MBC制作的《》。此外,1980年代韩国电视剧的代表还有1984年KBS2播出的以夫妻关系和婆媳矛盾等家庭问题为内容的《》。该剧通过观众的投票结果决定该家庭该不该离婚的结局,开创独特的互动模式。1986年,MBC首播的以喜剧形式描写老百姓生活的《》得到观众的喜爱。该剧一直持续播到1994年。", "title": "韓國電視劇" }, { "docid": "247201#56", "text": "2012年,韩国统一研究院做了一个更大规模的调查(一共100名脱北者),发现朝鲜一些富裕的精英阶层每天或者一周至少一次观看韩国影视作品。调查还确认与其它地区相比,居住在离中朝边境较近的朝鲜人接触到的韩流产品是最多的。", "title": "韓流" }, { "docid": "89497#18", "text": "在1997年,MBC電視劇《愛情是什麼》被中央電視台首次引進之後,在中國初次引起韓國電視劇的熱潮。此後,眾多電視劇、綜藝、紀錄片等節目向海外出口。 MBC代表古裝劇《大長今》出口到全球91個國家與地區。目前,MBC通過《我是歌手》、《我們結婚了》、《爸爸去哪兒》等綜藝節目的模式版權出口的方式,擴大內容事業範圍。", "title": "文化廣播公司" } ]
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3146101#0
文艺复兴产生的原因有哪些?
[ { "docid": "20344#6", "text": "总而言之,文艺复兴可被视为学者们研究和改善俗世的一次尝试,他们通过复兴古典时代思想和创新思考方式来推动变革。等学者认为中世纪盛期发生在意大利城邦的改革的意义并不亚于文艺复兴运动,前者产生了回应型政府、基督教和资本主义萌芽的结合体。这种分析认为,鉴于欧洲大国(法国和西班牙)受君主专制统治,而其他国家则受教会的直接控制;因而只有意大利的独立城市共和国才能从僧院等级承袭资本主义的原则,进而引发了一场规模空前的商业革命,并为随后发生的文艺复兴运动打下了经济基础。", "title": "文艺复兴" }, { "docid": "20344#7", "text": "绝大部分历史学家相信,对文艺复兴这一概念的阐述源于13世纪晚期的佛罗伦萨,特别是在但丁(1265年-1321年)、彼特拉克(1304年-1374年)的著作以及乔托(1267年-1337年)的绘画作品诞生的时代。有的学者非常明确地给出了文艺复兴开始的时间,最被人接受的是以1401年洛伦佐·吉贝尔蒂和菲利波·布鲁内莱斯基这两位天才雕塑家竞争佛罗伦萨圣母百花大教堂洗礼堂铜门的合约为标志。而其他学者则认为,是艺术家和博学家(包括布鲁内莱斯基、吉贝尔蒂、多那太罗和马萨乔等人)为获得艺术品创作委托的普遍竞争,激发了文艺复兴时期的创造力。但是,对于文艺复兴为什么兴起于意大利,以及发生于当时的原因,学界至今仍有着诸多争议;相应地,也有多种理论用于解释文艺复兴的起源问题。", "title": "文艺复兴" }, { "docid": "20344#13", "text": "一种理论认为当时席卷欧洲的黑死病在佛罗伦萨造成的破坏加速了14世纪意大利人世界观的转变。该理论指出意大利在黑死病期间受到的重创迫使思想家和学者更多的思考活生生的人而不是靈性或是死后生命。不过也有人反对这种理论并指出黑死病引发了祈祷浪潮,并以该时期对宗教艺术品赞助的情况作为论据。不过,这些理论都没能圆满解释为什么文艺复兴在意大利率先出现:瘟疫当时影响了整个欧洲,而不仅仅是意大利。文艺复兴在意大利的出现的原因更有可能是以上所有因素的结合。", "title": "文艺复兴" }, { "docid": "20344#32", "text": "文艺复兴是一次逐渐发展的时期,没有明确的分界线和事件。但文艺复兴使当时的人们思想发生了变化,导致了宗教改革和激烈的宗教战争,后来的启蒙运动更以文艺复兴的反思,做为自己的榜样。19世纪的历史学家认为后来的科学发展、地理大发现、民族国家的诞生都是源于文艺复兴。文艺复兴是“黑暗时代”的中世纪和近代的分水岭,是資產階級革命的舆论前提,也使欧洲摆脱腐朽的封建和宗教束缚,向全世界扩张。", "title": "文艺复兴" }, { "docid": "20344#34", "text": "大部分观点认为文艺复兴起源于十五世纪的意大利,然后向整个欧洲扩展。文艺复兴代表了西方和古代(中世纪以前)的古典文化连接,是对阿拉伯人的知识(尤其是数学知识)的吸收。文艺复兴使人们开始专注于现世生活质量(如人文主义)。文艺复兴同时也是知识由于印刷和在艺术、诗歌、建筑等领域新技术的应用而导致的知识爆炸。这些新技术引起了艺术和文学在格式和内容上根本的变化。这个时期,这种观点认为,随着交流和探索的兴起,文艺复兴代表了欧洲从很长时期的一潭死水转变成了汹涌的江河。因此意大利的文艺复兴也常常认为是现代开端。", "title": "文艺复兴" }, { "docid": "20344#2", "text": "一般认为,文藝復興始于義大利北部,這與其興盛的地中海貿易有關,商人除了將當時中東和希臘獲得的古羅馬文獻匯集於此進行研究,富裕的風雅紳商更傾力支持著藝術創作。正式的發展是從14世纪托斯卡纳的佛罗伦萨開展的,但对此尚有质疑之声。就这场运动的起源和特点而言,多种理论已经提出了各自的见解,但其关注的焦点不尽相同:其中包括有当时佛罗伦萨的社会和公民的特点;当地的政治结构;当地统治阶级美第奇家族的赞助;以及奥斯曼土耳其人攻陷君士坦丁堡后,大批流入意大利的及书籍。史学上关于文艺复兴的内容很多且颇为复杂,而“文艺复兴”作为词汇的作用,及其作为历史过渡期的意义,都引发了史学家的诸多争论。文艺复兴一詞能否作為是中世纪后的文化“进步”,一些史学家对此是持怀疑态度的:他们认为,这个阶段只是对古典时代抱持悲观与缅怀的时期,社會早就不是單純的撿拾古人的思想,反而是巨大創新的重塑了一個時代。而另一些人则关注两个时代之间的连续性。实际上,现在已有人提出不应继续使用这个词汇,因为他们认为“文艺复兴”一词只是现代主义的产物,是使用历史来验证和发扬当代理想的工具。“文艺复兴”一词也被用于其他历史或文化运动,如卡洛林文艺复兴和12世纪的文艺复兴就是这样的例子。", "title": "文艺复兴" } ]
[ { "docid": "20344#28", "text": "欧洲文艺复兴以来,随着哲学、科学和艺术的发展,舞蹈逐渐成为一门独立艺术关于艺术起源及其本质,在美学史上有过种种解释:例如黑格尔认为是“绝对理念”发展的结果;H.泰纳认为是由心理活动产生的;H.斯宾塞认为产生于游戏;还有的学者认为艺术产生于巫术等。", "title": "文艺复兴" }, { "docid": "20344#0", "text": "文艺复兴是一场大致发生在14世纪至17世纪欧洲的文化运动,在中世纪晚期发源于意大利中部的佛罗伦萨、威尼斯等城市,即意大利文艺复兴,后扩展至欧洲各国。其辭源為義大利語「」。“文艺复兴”一词的意大利语源由ri-(意為“重新”)和nascere(意為“出生”)构成。文艺复兴时期的思想基础是人文主义,它源于罗马人文主义的概念和对普罗塔哥拉斯等古希腊哲学的重新发现,后者说“人是万物的尺度”。", "title": "文艺复兴" }, { "docid": "20344#3", "text": "文艺复兴这场文化运动对近代早期欧洲的学术生活造成了深刻的影响。它从意大利兴起,在16世纪时已扩大至欧洲各国,其影响遍及文学、哲学、艺术、政治、科学、宗教等知识探索的各个方面。文艺复兴时期的学者在学术研究中使用人文主义的方法,并在艺术创作中追寻现实主义和人类的情感。", "title": "文艺复兴" }, { "docid": "1368029#0", "text": "文艺复兴藝術,是文艺复兴时代欧洲美术风格的统称。是整个文艺复兴运动的一部分,大致发展阶段是在14世纪兴起,15世纪全面展开,16世纪达到了鼎盛期。17世纪后,欧洲美术风格渐渐转向矫饰主义。文艺复兴美术是西欧城市文化繁荣的产物,同时它与教会关系密切。在绘画上的成就最大,建筑和雕刻则稍逊之。文艺复兴美术最初发源于意大利的佛罗伦萨,随后逐渐向欧洲各地传播,在意大利和德国、尼德兰尤甚,在这些地区都产生自己杰出的艺术家。文艺复兴美术在南欧和北欧都有自己的特点,作为文艺复兴美术中心的意大利,成为后来几个世纪里,欧洲艺术家们的朝圣地。这个时期,艺术人才辈出,特别是达芬奇、米开朗基罗、拉斐尔被誉为文艺复兴三杰。", "title": "文藝復興藝術" } ]
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2998779#0
荷属东印度的首都在哪里?
[ { "docid": "40013#3", "text": "1619年,荷蘭人征服了這座城市,並重命名為八打威或巴達維亞(Batavia,荷蘭的羅馬名),巴达维亞被定為荷屬東印度的首都。", "title": "雅加达" } ]
[ { "docid": "322756#0", "text": "荷屬東印度(;)是指1800年至1949年荷蘭人所統治的印度尼西亞。1596年,荷兰人霍特曼率领的一支荷兰船队到达爪哇岛的万丹。1603年,荷兰在爪哇建商站;1605年,征服盛产香料的马鲁古群岛中的安汶岛、帝利岛。1619年,攻占爪哇岛上的雅加达,命名巴达维亚,作为荷兰东印度公司在东方的总部。在荷兰人到来之前,葡萄牙人已经在印尼地区建立了一些商站。之后,英国人也登陆印尼,建立殖民地。而荷兰变成了这些欧洲国家裡面占领最多领土的国家。荷兰最初通过荷兰东印度公司对这些地区实行殖民统治。1799年东印度公司解散后殖民地被荷兰政府接管,史称荷属东印度。", "title": "荷屬東印度" }, { "docid": "98332#6", "text": "“荷兰东印度公司”在巴达维亚(今天的雅加达)建立了“贸易和行政管理总部”。在殖民统治时期,荷兰人将注意力集中在雅加达和其他一些海滨城市,例如三宝垄和泗水。荷兰殖民者还通过一些归顺的本土势力,间接对这个多山的岛屿进行统治,例如爪哇岛中部的馬打蘭王国。", "title": "爪哇岛" }, { "docid": "4973123#18", "text": "马六甲是荷兰东印度公司的一​​个殖民地。马六甲的所有主要行政长官都是受荷兰在巴達維亞(今雅加達)管辖,除了在拿破仑战争期间该城市由大英帝国统治的短暂时期。首长名单如下:", "title": "荷属马六甲" }, { "docid": "111987#10", "text": "1619年,荷蘭東印度公司在爪哇的(今印尼的雅加達)建立了總部,主要是負責與亞洲各交易站的貨物轉運,其他的據點設立在東印度群島、香料群島上。", "title": "荷兰东印度公司" }, { "docid": "5713443#4", "text": "当看到这座港口前方有岬角保护,具有很高战略地位,荷兰人首先征服了这里,并使之成为南苏拉威西领地中部最重要的城市。荷属东印度时期,巴里巴里属巴里巴里县(Afdeling Parepare),行政区还包括巴鲁区(Onder Afdeling Barru)、锡登伦拉庞区(Onder Afdeling Sidenreng Rappang)、恩雷康区(Onder Afdeling Enrekang)、平朗区(Onder Afdeling Pinrang)和巴里巴里区(Onder Afdeling Parepare)。在每一个地区的政府除了有荷兰的人员外,也有布吉人的国王协助管理,巴鲁的国王称为Arung Barru,锡登伦拉庞的国王称为Addatuang Sidenreng,恩雷康的国王称为Sporting Enrekang,平朗的国王称为Addatung Sawitto,巴里巴里的国王则是Arung Mallusetasi。这种政府管理模式一直延续到二战爆发,约1942年荷属东印度政府取消了这个模式。", "title": "巴里巴里" }, { "docid": "1605961#18", "text": "根据1941年11月26日制定的《关于占领地军政实施的陆海军中央协定》(占領地軍政実施ニ関スル陸海軍中央協定),荷属东印度被划为三个单独的占领区:爪哇和马都拉划归今村均的陆军第16军管辖;苏门答腊划归山下奉文的陆军第25军管辖,25軍的司令部設在新加坡,同時在1943年4月前一直控制著馬來亞,失去馬來亞後,其控制範圍限縮到僅有蘇門答臘,並將司令部移至武吉丁宜,而第16軍司令部設在雅加達;荷属婆罗洲、西里伯斯、马鹿加及小巽他群岛则由海军第二南遣艦隊管辖。每一占领区设立军政监部,负责地方行政,军政监部首脑由驻军司令兼任,下设总务、内政、司法、警察、市政工程、经济事务、审计和宣传八个部。", "title": "荷屬東印度日佔時期" }, { "docid": "5382203#2", "text": "荷属东印度电影业曾在大萧条期间遭受重创,但《月光曲》(1937年)、《法蒂玛》(1938年)和《白茅》(1939年)在商業上獲得成功後,行業的元氣已經恢復。電影的產量有所增加,1940年時殖民地新開設了4家製片廠,東方影業就是其中之一。這家公司完全由華裔商人曹星漢(Tjo Seng Han)注資經營,創立時總部位於巴達維亞(今雅加達)東部馬特拉曼街(Matraman Street)42號;《新報》(\"Sin Po\")週刊報導,該公司廠房的設備很簡單。製片廠聘用了另一名華裔商人曾福祥(Tjan Hock Siong),負責公司的日常運作。", "title": "東方影業 (荷屬東印度)" }, { "docid": "111987#3", "text": "於16世紀,葡萄牙在東印度設置商館及要塞,這包括東南亞(麻六甲)、印度(古里、果亞、布利格德、科欽、可倫坡)、阿拉伯半島(馬斯喀特、荷姆茲)、非洲(馬林迪、蒙巴薩、基爾瓦基斯瓦尼、莫三比克),並且有商業發展,主要是香料。", "title": "荷兰东印度公司" }, { "docid": "322756#3", "text": "今日的印尼群岛本分为诸个邻海与内陆城邦。从1595年起,荷兰人开始到东南亚收购香料,利润可达四倍以上,而在市场竞争日趋激烈的情况下,荷兰王国政府将这些商人统一纳入旗下荷兰联合东印度公司内。东印度公司被授权对外宣布战争、修筑城垒并签订條约。在爪哇岛开埠贸易不久,东印度公司就将巴达维亚设为首府,成为公司在亚洲贸易的枢纽。在维护对豆蔻、丁香等本地香料的市场垄断时,公司还引进了可可豆、茶叶、烟草、橡胶、鸦片等非原生经济作物。在日益庞大的战争经费和严重的贪污情况的影响下,联合东印度公司的资金大幅萎缩,最后在1800年1月1日宣布破产,其产业由荷兰政府直接接收。当时领土疆域包括爪哇岛周围、苏门答腊岛部分、马鲁古岛及万鸦老、望加锡等海港。", "title": "荷屬東印度" } ]
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1732264#0
火星有哪些特征?
[ { "docid": "7595969#20", "text": "暗坡条纹与火星上其他一些小型、与斜坡相关的特征有关,或表面上相类似。这些特征包括浅色条纹、雪崩疤痕和重现性斜坡线。水迹是发生在地球两极地区的特征,它们也类似于暗坡条纹和复发性斜坡线,但尚未在火星上被看到过。火星上许多斜坡特征可能源于一系列位于相反端的干燥崩塌和少量河流(与水相关)活动作用。冲沟是火星南半球中纬度区斜坡上另一种常见特征,它们在各类文献中受到了广泛关注,但在此不作讨论。", "title": "暗坡条纹" }, { "docid": "2227#1", "text": "火星大氣以二氧化碳為主,既稀薄又寒冷,其表面特徵讓人聯想起月球上的撞擊坑,以及地球上的山谷、沙漠和極地冰蓋。英語中,通常被稱為紅色星球()。是因為火星在視覺上呈現為橘紅色是因為地表廣泛普遍的分佈著氧化鐵的造成的,它使火星呈現出一种红色的外觀,在肉眼可見的天體中獨具一格。火星地表沙丘、礫石遍布且沒有穩定的液態水,火星南半球是古老、充滿隕石坑的高地,北半球則是較年輕的平原。", "title": "火星" } ]
[ { "docid": "1541246#0", "text": "火星古典反照率特征(albedo features)是通过地球望远镜在火星上所看到的明暗特征。在航天时代之前,曾有数位天文学家绘制出了火星地图,并在地图上对所看到的地貌进行了命名。最盛行的命名系统是由乔凡尼·斯基亚帕雷利提出的,他采用了古典时代的名字。今天,太空探测器使人们对火星的理解得到了改善,这使得许多古典名称在制图中已然过时,但其中还有部分旧名称仍被用于描述火星上的地理特征。", "title": "火星反照率特徵列表" }, { "docid": "7638247#0", "text": "火星矿物(mineralogy of Mars)是指火星表面岩石和土壤中所包含的化学成分,各种轨道飞行器已使用光谱学方法来识别一些矿物的特征。行星着陆器对岩石中的土壤进行了具体的化学分析,以进一步鉴定和确认是否存在其他的矿物。在地球上唯一的火星岩石样本是陨石。元素、大气成分以及行星环境条件对了解这些基础部分可以形成哪些矿物至关重要。", "title": "火星矿物" }, { "docid": "146682#2", "text": "考虑到他们原始的天文仪器,这些可敬的科学家在火星上看到实际不存在的特征并不奇怪。在19世纪末,天文观测是在没有摄影的情况下进行的。天文学家必须通过望远镜凝视数小时,等待空气平静后图像清晰时,再画出他们所看到的景象。天文学家当时认为火星有一层相对厚实的大气,也知道火星的自转周期(一天的长度)与地球的差不多,而且他们知道火星自转轴角度也几乎与地球相同,这意味着它有天文和气象意义上的季节。他们还能看到火星极地冰盖随季节的不同而产生变化。由于与地球相似,使他们误将浅色地表上较暗的反照率特征(例如大瑟提斯)解释为海洋。然而,到了20世纪20年代末,人们知道火星非常干燥,大气压也很低。", "title": "火星运河" }, { "docid": "964364#13", "text": "關於火星衛星的來源,至今仍然存在爭議。火衛一和火衛二的很多特質均與碳質C-型小行星相似,這些特質包括它們的電磁波譜、反照率和密度。基於它們的相似性,其中一種說法指出火星兩個衛星均來自主小行星帶。這兩顆衛星均擁有近圓形的軌道,幾乎等於火星的天球赤道,並因此需要透過潮汐圓化才能讓原本並不圓的軌道變得那麼圓。潮汐圓化是透過大氣阻力和潮汐力才能進行的,但現在仍然不清楚火衛二成為火星衛星的時間是不是足以讓潮汐圓化將其軌道變圓。另外,捕獲衛星也需要耗散一定的能量,而當前火星的大氣太薄,薄到不足以透過大氣阻力捕捉火衛一大小的天體。為此,杰弗里·兰迪斯指出,火衛一和火衛二可能是雙小行星系統,所以火星能夠捕獲它們。", "title": "火星的衛星" }, { "docid": "7365147#2", "text": "这些特征是火星南极地区-南纬60°至80°,西经150°至310°,被非正式称为“神秘区域”所特有。这片位于极地厚冰层陡坡和永久冻土之间的1米深二氧化碳(CO)冰板过渡区明显为间歇泉群所在地。", "title": "火星间歇泉" }, { "docid": "7665545#1", "text": "1976年,海盗号轨道器展示的特征揭示了极地附近两条可能的古老海岸线,阿拉伯和都特罗尼勒斯海岸线,每一条都长达数千公里。目前火星地理中的一些物理特征表明过去存在一座原始海洋。汇入更大河道的冲沟群意味着受到液体介质的侵蚀,类似于地球上的古河床。宽25公里、深数百米的巨大水道似乎将南部高地的地下含水层水流引向了北部低地。火星北半球大部分地区的海拔比其他地区要低得多(火星分界),而且非常平坦。", "title": "火星海洋假说" }, { "docid": "2904915#25", "text": "重现性坡线(RSL)是一年中在当地温度达到熔冰点以上时,出现在朝阳坡上的特征。这些条纹在春季生长,夏末变宽,秋天消失。尽管条纹本身被认为是一种次生作用,并非表土潮湿的直接迹象,但该现象很难以任何其他方式模拟,除非涉及某种形式的液态水。现在这些特征已被证实与某种形式的液态水有关,但对于生命来说,水可能太冷或太咸。目前,它们被视为具有潜在宜居性,作为“不确定区域,当作特殊区域对待”。当时,它们被怀疑与流动的卤水有关。", "title": "火星生命" }, { "docid": "7264656#0", "text": "以下列出了火星平原列表,这些特征是按照国际天文学联合会行星体系命名法规则,以最靠近的经典反照率特征所命名,根据高度的不同分别命名为“平原”或“高原”。", "title": "火星平原列表" } ]
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1022676#0
云南有哪些特有鸟类?
[ { "docid": "69459#2", "text": "斑尾榛鸡、 雉鹑、 四川雉鹑、 大石鸡、 四川山鹧鸪、 白额山鹧鸪、 海南山鹧鸪、 灰胸竹鸡、 黄腹角雉、 绿尾虹雉、 白马鸡、 蓝马鸡、 褐马鸡、 白颈长尾雉、 白冠长尾雉、 红腹锦鸡、 海南孔雀雉", "title": "中国特有鸟种列表" } ]
[ { "docid": "70252#2", "text": "滇鳾为中国特有鸟种,分布于中国西南隅的三江并流区附近的山区,包括西藏东南部,四川西部、和云南西北部地区。", "title": "滇鳾" }, { "docid": "449#39", "text": "云南独特的气候和地理环境,形成了寒温热带动物交汇的奇特现象。有脊椎动物1737种,脊椎动物中兽类有300种,鸟类有793种,爬行类143种,两栖类102种,淡水鱼类366种;昆虫1万多种。鱼类中有5科40属250种为云南特有。鸟兽类中有46种为国家一级保护动物,154种为国家二级保护动物。", "title": "云南省" }, { "docid": "66186#27", "text": "留尼汪岛值得注意的动物主要有鸟类、昆虫和爬行动物,其中有许多是本地特有种,岛上没有大型哺乳动物,也没有任何危险动物。特有动物最多的要属鸟类,其中一些正面临即将绝灭的危险,如留岛鹃鵙、、等;此外还有相对不为人所知的昆虫。一些并非本地特有的动物也成为了代表留尼汪的符号,如白尾热带鸟、豹變色龍。留尼汪的哺乳动物相对较少,其中只有一种是特有种。", "title": "留尼汪" }, { "docid": "70352#2", "text": "白冠长尾雉为中国特有鸟种,分布在中国中部和北部的河南、河北、陕西、山西、湖北、湖南、贵州、安徽等省份,河南省信阳市的董寨国家级鸟类自然保护区就是以本物种为主要保护对象的保护区。", "title": "白冠长尾雉" }, { "docid": "6756798#11", "text": "《北京鸟类志》中称北京地区共有鸟类343种,小龙门地区占43%,具体有隼形目的红隼、大𫛭、金雕、灰脸𫛭鹰;鸡形目雉科的雉鸡、勺鸡、石鸡;鸽形目的岩鸽和山斑鸠;鹃形目杜鹃科的鹰鹃、中杜鹃、四声杜鹃等。珍贵鸟类有白喉针尾雨燕、红眉朱雀、长尾雀、鹟科的黄眉姬鹟和寿带,以及国家一级保护动物褐马鸡等。", "title": "小龙门国家森林公园" }, { "docid": "73098#7", "text": "南岭的野生动物丰富,主要的兽类有:华南虎、豹、豺、梅花鹿、穿山甲等;主要的鸟类有:画眉、相思雀、雉鸡、白头翁等;主要的两栖爬行类动物有:娃娃鱼、泥蛙、蟾蜍、金钱龟等。但由于人们的滥捕滥杀野生动物的现象屡禁不绝,很多动物已经是濒临绝种了。", "title": "南岭" }, { "docid": "69459#0", "text": "中國特有鸟种列表中包括中国大陆、香港、澳门在内的地理概念,根据现有调查,整个大中华地区(包括中国大陆、台湾、香港、澳门)共有鸟类1294种(根据不同的分类系统,这个数字有一定出入),其中该地区的特有鸟种近70种。", "title": "中国特有鸟种列表" }, { "docid": "70252#1", "text": "高原鸟类,生活在海拔1300米-3200米的中山和高山地带,活动于山谷山坡的针叶林或针阔混交林间,有时可见与普通鳾混群活动。", "title": "滇鳾" }, { "docid": "1022398#0", "text": "海南蓝仙鶲(学名:)为鶲科仙鶲属的鸟类,是中国的特有物种。分布于云南、贵州、广西、广东、海南等地。该物种的模式产地在海南。", "title": "海南蓝仙鹟" } ]
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4468912#0
中国有哪些电视台?
[ { "docid": "1293026#1", "text": "以下為部分世界知名的新聞頻道。 中国大陆目前可以合法收视的全国性专业电视新闻(资讯)频道仅有三条。它们是:中国中央电视台新闻频道(CCTV-13)、中国环球电视网 (频道)(CGTN)以及总部设在香港的凤凰卫视资讯台(Phoenix Infonews)。其他一些电视频道也播放新闻,但是并不是以新闻作为全部内容。如中国中央电视台综合频道(CCTV-1)、中国中央电视台财经频道(CCTV-2)、中国中央电视台中文国际频道(CCTV-4)、中国环球电视网西班牙语频道(CGTN Español)、中国环球电视网法语频道(CGTN Français)、中国环球电视网阿拉伯语频道(CGTN العربية)、中国环球电视网俄语频道(CGTN Русский),以及各地方电视台上星综合频道或新闻综合频道等。", "title": "新聞頻道" } ]
[ { "docid": "687106#0", "text": "中华人民共和国电视广播从1958年北京电视台(即现在中国中央电视台)建立至今已經發展50多年。由于中国大陆各一级行政区(省、自治区、市、县)皆设有电视台和广播电台,据不完全统计,中国大陆各地大约有4000多个电视台,中国大陆是世界上电视台最多的地区。雖然擁有數量眾多的媒體,但这些媒体的设立和运作均接受中国共产党的严格把关,非官方单位和个人不得组办电视台与广播电台,政府也禁止设立任何中外合资的媒体。。", "title": "中华人民共和国电视广播" }, { "docid": "13324#14", "text": "中国中央电视台总共拥有32个免费电视频道(包含中国环球电视网下辖的6个频道和6个仅限境外落地的海外频道,若不包括后者则为26个),其首个电视频道中国中央电视台综合频道创办于1958年9月2日。在这些频道中,除了中文频道外,还包含央视旗下中国环球电视网的英语、法语、西班牙语、阿拉伯语、俄语五个非中文频道,它们通过卫星覆盖全国及全球,并在全国各地有线电视网及IPTV播控平台落地播出。这些电视频道多为全天播放,但国防军事、农业农村、科教、戏曲、社会与法、少儿、音乐频道则在北京时间凌晨1时(或者2时)左右至5时(或者6时)停播几个小时不等,CCTV-4K则在北京时间0时至6时停播。2013年6月17日起,除电影频道以外的所有公共类频道开始在中央广播电视总台光华路办公区(原中央电视台总部大楼)全面播出。", "title": "中国中央电视台" }, { "docid": "1782767#2", "text": "中国中央电视台总共拥有26个免费电视频道(包含中国环球电视网下辖的6个频道,但不包括仅限境外落地的6个海外频道),其首个电视频道中国中央电视台综合频道创办于1958年9月2日。在这些频道中,除了中文频道外,还包含央视旗下中国环球电视网的英语、法语、西班牙语、阿拉伯语、俄语五个非中文频道。这些电视频道多为全天播放,但国防军事、农业农村、科教、戏曲、社会与法、少儿、音乐频道则在北京时间凌晨1时(或者2时)左右至5时(或者6时)停播几个小时不等,CCTV-4K则在北京时间0时至6时停播。", "title": "中央广播电视总台电视频道列表" }, { "docid": "13324#17", "text": "央视网是中国中央电视台的门户网站,自2010年起又称“中国网络电视台”(英文简称CNTV),是中国国家网络电视播出机构,是央视下辖的网络电视的公共服务平台。2017年起,中国网络电视台网站改回央视网域名,其节目点播亦变回了央视网标志。事实上,现在的中国网络电视台已经转型为IPTV和OTT业务服务的“中国IPTV(爱上电视传媒)”、“中国互联网电视(NewTV未来电视)”。 中国中央电视台于2017年开设面向全国有线电视互动点播业务平台的“CCTV央视专区”,央视体育精品赛事及央视节目精彩集锦通过专区进行呈现,于年内完成全国大多省市地区有线电视网络的对接。又于2018年2月,“央视专区”全新开启4K点播服务,从2018央视春晚和冬奥会出发,畅享央视节目超高清点播资源。", "title": "中国中央电视台" }, { "docid": "1782767#6", "text": "截至2021年2月,中国中央电视台一共有20个公共类频道,它们通过卫星覆盖全国及全球,并在全国各地有线电视网及IPTV播控平台落地播出。这些电视频道大多为全天播放,但7、10、11、12、14、15、17及4K频道于凌晨休台。", "title": "中央广播电视总台电视频道列表" }, { "docid": "5546021#0", "text": "中国环球电视网(,缩写作 ),又称中国国际电视台,是中国国有媒体中央广播电视总台所属的一个外语电视网,受中国政府资助并受中宣部领导。中国环球电视网前身为中国中央电视台的外语国际频道,於北京时间2016年12月31日12:00(格林尼治时间4:00)开播。CGTN总部位于北京,当前使用中央广播电视总台光华路办公区进行办公,并在肯尼亚内罗毕、美国华盛顿哥伦比亚特区、英国伦敦设非洲、北美、欧洲、观众范围覆盖全球160多个国家和地区。", "title": "中国环球电视网" }, { "docid": "6308020#1", "text": "中国中央电视台的节目可分为免费频道、CGTN外语频道、数字付费频道、海外频道、与境外机构合作开办频道。具体哪些频道需要单独购买还是包在基本收费中,视各地有线电视网络公司的政策而定。", "title": "中国中央电视台电视文化" }, { "docid": "6308020#9", "text": "2018年2月9日,中央电视台面向全国有线电视网络互动点播业务的“CCTV央视专区”(于2017年开设)全新开启4K点播服务,先以北京、上海、广东、贵州四个省市为试点,之后扩展到全国各省市,于年内完成对接。", "title": "中国中央电视台电视文化" }, { "docid": "1782767#0", "text": "中国中央电视台频道列表列举中国中央电视台公开广播的电视频道。中国中央电视台于1958年5月1日创立,至2021年2月拥有26个免费频道、17个付费频道和6个海外频道,总计49个电视频道,是全世界频道数量最多的电视台。目前所有免费频道都可以在互联网上观看。依国际惯例,中央电视台以数字顺序标识各套节目。", "title": "中央广播电视总台电视频道列表" } ]
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2804550#0
唐代有哪些知名诗人?
[ { "docid": "1437319#3", "text": "第二编“唐朝(上)”,包括“唐初的白话诗”、“八世纪的乐府新词”、“歌唱自然的诗人”、“杜甫”、“大历长庆间的诗人”、“元稹白居易”等6章。作者认为唐代文学的主要成就表现在它高度发达的诗歌上,而唐代诗歌之所以空前繁荣,就文学本身来看,则是唐代诗人学习、模仿乐府民歌的结果。作者认为唐代著名诗人如“初唐四杰”、“高岑”、“李杜”、“元白”等无一不善于向民歌学习,从民歌中汲取丰富的养料,他们的创作因而也大多富于民歌精神。", "title": "白话文学史" }, { "docid": "686#85", "text": "唐朝文學成就以詩歌最為發達。清人所編《全唐詩》共收錄兩千兩百多位詩人的四萬八千九百多首詩,這還不是全部。唐初詩人以「初唐四傑」最為著名(王勃、楊炯、盧照鄰、骆宾王)。盛唐時期詩人可分為以王维、孟浩然為代表的田園派和岑参、王昌龄為代表的邊塞派。其中集大成者為「詩仙」李白和「詩聖」杜甫最為出名。李白的詩,飄逸灑脫,感情澎湃,充滿浪漫主義的色彩。而杜甫的詩則更多體現現實主義之情懷。中唐時期最卓越的詩人是白居易,他的詩通俗易懂。此外還有元稹、韩愈、柳宗元、刘禹锡、李賀等。晚唐詩人以李商隱和杜牧最為出眾,被稱為「小李杜」。後世宋、明、清雖仍有傑出詩人出現,但總體水準都不如唐朝詩人,唐詩成為中國古詩不可逾越的巔峰。", "title": "唐朝" }, { "docid": "1533375#2", "text": "唐朝文學成就以詩歌最為發達。清人所編《全唐詩》共收錄兩千兩百多位詩人的四萬八千九百多首詩,這還不是全部。唐初詩人以「初唐四傑」最為著名(王勃、楊炯、盧照鄰、骆宾王)。盛唐時期詩人可分為以王维、孟浩然為代表的田園派和岑参、王昌龄為代表的邊塞派。其中集大成者為「詩仙」李白和「詩聖」杜甫最為出名。李白的詩,飄逸灑脫,充滿浪漫主義的色彩。而杜甫的詩則更多體現現實主義之情懷。中唐時期最卓越的詩人是白居易,他的詩通俗易懂。此外還有元稹、韩愈、柳宗元、刘禹锡、李賀等。晚唐詩人以李商隱和杜牧最為出眾,被稱為「小李杜」。後世宋、明、清雖仍有傑出詩人出現,但總體水準都不如唐朝詩人,唐詩成為了中國古詩不可逾越的巔峰。", "title": "唐朝文化" }, { "docid": "3914439#11", "text": "盛唐时期,是古典诗歌的繁荣时期,诗歌成就最大,诗人辈出。山水田园诗派有孟浩然、王维;边塞诗有高适、岑参;浪漫主义诗人李白和现实主义诗人杜甫分别代表了两派的最高峰,人称“李杜”。孟浩然的“春眠不觉晓,处处闻啼鸟”、高适的“大漠穷秋塞草衰,孤城落日斗兵稀”、岑参的“轮台九月风夜吼,一川碎石大如斗,随风满地石乱走”是脍炙人口的名句。李白的诗歌,想象丰富,艺术手法夸张,韵调清新激越,风格豪迈雄奇,语言明快生动,达到了浪漫主义的最高峰;杜甫的诗歌,深刻反映了唐朝从盛唐由盛转衰的历史过程,其风格沉郁雄浑,艺术成就高超,代表了现实主义诗歌的最高峰,李白的《蜀道难》、《望庐山瀑布》,杜甫的《三吏》、《三别》,都是千古绝唱。", "title": "唐朝文学" }, { "docid": "17588#9", "text": "唐代扬州自身的文化发展也有长足进步。扬州人李善在吸引前人成果的基础上,旁征博引,重新注释了《文选》,为后人保存了大量已经散佚的重要文献资料。其子李邕,不仅文章、诗歌很有影响,更是继虞世南、褚遂良之后的一位大书法家。扬州诗人张若虚为“吴中四杰”之一,仅《春江花月夜》一首,就有“以孤篇压倒全唐”之誉(闻一多语)。不少著名诗人(如杜牧、白居易等)都曾寓居或到访扬州,在此留下了众多脍炙人口的诗作。“诗仙”李白送别孟浩然到扬州时写下的“烟花三月下扬州”,更是成为唐诗经典名句。", "title": "扬州市" }, { "docid": "21871#69", "text": "及至中唐,雖然社會動亂,但著名的詩人還有不少。比如發起古文運動的韓愈,他嘗試以文為詩,風格奇險冷僻。另外這個時候也有一些寫山水田園而聞名的詩人,如柳宗元,韋應物,代表作品分別有《江雪》及《滁州西澗》等等。還有,元稹,白居易二人在詩壇上發起新樂府運動,主張“文章合為時而著,歌詩合為事而作”,反映社會的現實,用字淺白簡單。前者的自述身世的《遣悲懷》情感真摯,後者的《新樂府》繼承漢樂府以來反映現實的傳統,辛辣地諷刺時弊。白居易也寫有多首有名的古詩,如《長恨歌》,描寫唐玄宗跟楊貴妃的愛情故事;《琵琶行》,借歌女自傷身世。這段時期也有不同作品,比如大曆十才子,他們重視格律,詩風淡雅自然。", "title": "中国文学" } ]
[ { "docid": "5154288#16", "text": "其他重要的东晋诗人包括太康年间的陆机(261年—303年)、潘岳(247年—300年)、刘琨、郭璞(276年—324年)及常被认为刘宋诗人的颜延之(384年—456年)。陆机以文赋扬名。潘岳也作赋,以三首给亡妻的诗为人所铭记。郭璞是多产作家,作品包括散文、诗、赋。", "title": "六朝诗" }, { "docid": "3914439#7", "text": "唐朝诗歌空前绝后,达到了中国古典诗歌的巅峰。唐诗题材宽广、流派纷繁、风格多样、作者普及、流传广泛,前人不及、后人也难以望其项背。不论是政治生活、咏史抒怀、深宫闺怨、边塞烽火、田园山水、爱情恋曲、羁旅游子、琴棋书画等,都能被诗歌所描述和歌咏,都涌现了上乘佳作。边塞诗、田园诗、宫廷诗,浪漫主义、现实主义,豪放派、婉约派,百花齐放百家争鸣,举凡帝王将相、才子佳人、黎民百姓、村叟樵夫,都能作诗写诗。唐诗群星璀璨、熠熠生辉,诞生了李白、杜甫、白居易三位世界级影响力的伟大诗人。唐诗思想和内容深刻,艺术水平高超绝伦,已经成为中华文化的瑰宝和遗产。", "title": "唐朝文学" }, { "docid": "202805#30", "text": "唐朝书法的成就是多方面的,除了楷书,草书、行书、篆书也有众多书法家和作品产生。张旭和怀素人称“颠张醉素”,是唐朝最负盛名的两位草书大家,他们开创了草书中最挥洒如意的“狂草”。唐玄宗年间,张旭的草书和李白的诗歌、裴旻的剑舞并称“三绝”。此外,李邕的行书碑刻、李阳冰的篆书碑额、孙过庭的草书《书谱》都是非常著名的作品。", "title": "中国书法史" }, { "docid": "3914439#14", "text": "唐朝的文章以“散文”成就为最高,代表性人物是韩愈、柳宗元,代表性散文是《师说》、《杂说》、《黔之驴》、《捕蛇者说》。", "title": "唐朝文学" } ]
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5694098#0
中国有哪些创业项目?
[ { "docid": "1703545#18", "text": "中华人民共和国的孵化器基本上是科技型的,以支持创新企业为主,主管部门为科学技术部。1987年6月,武汉东湖创业服务中心是中国首个企业孵化器。中国的企业孵化器在也称高新技术创业服务中心,以初创的科技型中小企业为服务对象,为企业提供研发、中试生产、经营的场地和办公方面的共享设施,提供政策、管理、法律、财务、融资、市场推广和培训等服务,以降低企业的创业风险和创业成本,提高企业的成活率和成功率,促进科技成果转化,培养科技企业家和专门人才,是中国国家创新体系的重要组成部分。除此之外还有服务于留学回国人员创业为主的「国家留学人员创业园」、主要服务于境外技术研发机构、科技型企业及创业者在中国境内开展创新创业活动的「国际企业孵化器」、大学实现社会服务功能和产学研结合的「国家大学科技园」这三种形式的孵化器。中国的孵化器最初均为非营利性质的,此后商业性孵化器也有所发展,国有和民营大中型企业、风险投资机构和跨国公司均经在中国创建了企业孵化器。", "title": "企业孵化器" }, { "docid": "3741528#6", "text": "目前,中国已经有比较知名的创客空间有上海的新车间、北京创-{}-客空间、深圳的柴火创-{}-客空间、TechSpace、SZDIY hackerspace、Hong Kong Maker Club 中國傳統文化本身都有創客精神,例如新中國成立時期,推行社會主義,傾向\"自力更生,豐衣足食。", "title": "创客" } ]
[ { "docid": "6848350#3", "text": "2016年对中国50个大中型城市(含省会城市、副省级城市、直辖市及经济较发达的城市)进行了评估。指标原始数据来源于城市统计年鉴、统计公报、区域经济年鉴及相关政府数据来源。计算结果显示,北京、上海、深圳、广州、杭州、苏州、天津、南京、青岛、武汉分别位居中国城市创意指数榜前十强。", "title": "中国城市创意指数" }, { "docid": "6848350#0", "text": "中国城市创意指数是国内首个跨城市对比的文化产业竞争力指数,该指数可从纵向和横向两个角度对中国各大城市的文化产业发展现状进行评估。", "title": "中国城市创意指数" }, { "docid": "6184196#3", "text": "YBC目前在北京、上海等中國50多個城市設立分部,如上海海洋大学等。", "title": "中国青年创业国际计划" }, { "docid": "812262#19", "text": "学校在广从公路的北门旁的一栋3000多平方米的建筑改造为“大学生创业园”,于2009年5月13日正式启动,是学院为解决大学生就业以及引导大学生创业的一次公益性工程。而在6月25日,校方举办了一个“大学生创业项目推介会”,在推介会上向有意愿扶持大学生创业的公司、团体及个人“落力”推介自己的创业计划。此事曾被广东电视台《今日关注》在6月26日报道。", "title": "广州涉外经济职业技术学院" }, { "docid": "1293249#2", "text": "红杉资本中国基金作为「创业者背后的创业者」,专注于科技/传媒、医疗健康、消费品/服务、工业科技四个方向的投资,在中国、印度、美国三个全球最具创新力或发展潜力的国家设有本地化基金。紅杉資本曾投資眾多知名的科技企業蘋果公司、Google、 YouTube、 PayPal、思科系統、甲骨文公司、Electronic Arts、Atari、WhatsApp、领英、客涯、Meebo、AdMob及Zappos等。", "title": "紅杉資本" }, { "docid": "5219347#3", "text": "2015年全国两会上,李克强提出要把“大众创业、万众创新”打造成推动中国经济继续前行的“双引擎”之一,特别是鼓励科技人员和大学生创业。 《华尔街日报》注意到李克强在政府工作报告中63次提及创新,并分析此举是传统制造业和出口业不振的情况下,中国政府似乎在把推动创业和创新当作应对经济放缓的短期补救措施。在两会过后,创新创业在中国大陆的热度更加高涨。", "title": "大众创业、万众创新" }, { "docid": "31478#5", "text": "韩正表示在习近平总书记、李克强总理等中央领导的支持下,上海多项经济发展项目逐步展开,而其中的重点,是当好全国的“改革开放排头兵、创新发展先行者”,即自贸区建设和具有全球影响力的科技创新中心建设。主要有张江科学城、前滩商务区、上海自贸区 、临港新城软件园等。其中以上海自贸区的规划和立项最受瞩目,这是中国大陆首个自由贸易区项目,有评论指出,该项目将为上海带来十年的发展红利。2013年第一季度上海市投资增长10.3%,其中基础设施投资结束了近三年的负增长,GDP成长率约8%,2007年后首次高于全国平均水平,上海经济数年的“停滞式发展”有一定起色。", "title": "韩正" }, { "docid": "4535997#3", "text": "2015年,上海财经大学、对外经贸大学、南开大学、中山大学、上海交通大学、华东政法大学、上海对外经贸大学和天津财经大学等多所高校协同成立了中国自由贸易试验区协同创新中心。", "title": "中国自由贸易试验区" } ]
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1247411#0
埃塞俄比亚首都是哪里?
[ { "docid": "6342#21", "text": "自1993年5月厄利垂亞省獨立建國之後,埃塞俄比亚成為一個內陸國,鄰國有吉布提、厄利垂亞、蘇丹、南蘇丹、肯尼亞和索馬里。首都在亞的斯亞貝巴。另外,與肯亞、南蘇丹交界的,埃塞俄比亚及南蘇丹各自宣稱擁有主權和管轄權,現由肯亞管轄。", "title": "埃塞俄比亚" }, { "docid": "113032#0", "text": "亚的斯亚贝巴(,,意即“新鮮花朵”;, ,意即“天然泉”)是东部非洲国家埃塞俄比亚的首都和最大城市,2007年人口普查時有3,384,569居民;其也是非洲联盟及其前身非洲统一组织总部所在地,位於海拔2400公尺的高原之上。", "title": "亚的斯亚贝巴" }, { "docid": "6342#0", "text": "衣索比亞联邦民主共和国(,拉丁化:),通称衣索比亞(,,),是位於非洲之角的主權國家。北部與東北部與厄立特里亚接壤,東部與吉布提、索马里及索马里兰 (索马里宣稱為該國領土)接壤,西部與苏丹及南苏丹接壤,南部與肯尼亚接壤。埃塞俄比亚有超过1億居民,是全球人口最多的內陸國家,亦為人口第二多的非洲國家(僅次於尼日利亚)。埃塞俄比亚土地面積為110萬平方公里,首都及最大城市是亚的斯亚贝巴。", "title": "埃塞俄比亚" }, { "docid": "6214028#0", "text": "中华人民共和国驻埃塞俄比亚联邦民主共和国大使馆(,),是中华人民共和国驻埃塞俄比亚联邦民主共和国的外交代表机构。中國和埃塞俄比亞兩國於1970年11月24日建交,中國在埃塞俄比亞的首都亚的斯亚贝巴設大使館,埃塞俄比亞亦在中國的首都北京設有大使館。", "title": "中国驻埃塞俄比亚大使馆" }, { "docid": "226096#2", "text": "雷马里安出生于埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴,九岁随家人搬到美国,在纽约普莱西德湖上学时开始接触滑雪。结束全日制教育后,他决定要参加这项运动的国际比赛。为了争取参加冬奥会,他和兄弟三人成立了埃塞俄比亚国家滑雪联合会,以便这项运动能在国内得到认可。雷马里安在冬奥会前接受采访时解释说,他希望自己的出现能激励其他生活在寒冷气候下的埃塞俄比亚人参加体育运动。他表示,越野滑雪是一项耐力运动,因此是埃塞俄比亚人自然可以精通的运动。", "title": "2006年冬季奥林匹克运动会埃塞俄比亚代表团" }, { "docid": "113032#3", "text": "亚的斯亚贝巴是由埃塞俄比亚皇帝孟尼里克二世依恩陀陀山所创建, 因为他发现恩陀陀山是军事操控国家南部地区非常重要的基地,且阿瓦什河的4条支流流经此地,气候温润,很适合城市的发展。埃塞俄比亚处于统治地位的主体民族是阿姆哈拉人。他们长期过着游牧生活,国家并没有固定的地方作为首都,不同时代不同王朝都会不断的更换首都地点,只有亚的斯亚贝巴建立以后,历经了国家100多年的变动自始至终作为国家的首都,成为埃塞俄比亚的「永久之都」。", "title": "亚的斯亚贝巴" } ]
[ { "docid": "7859345#0", "text": "埃塞俄比亚商业银行总部是位于埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴的一座摩天大樓,是一個集银行、会议、写字楼、餐饮、购物於一體的商業綜合體。该樓是埃塞俄比亚最高的建筑。它是的总部,該銀行也是埃塞俄比亚最大的银行。", "title": "埃塞俄比亚商业银行总部" }, { "docid": "4009294#0", "text": "目前埃及的首都是开罗,但是在历史上,埃及的首都曾经经过多次变迁。第十六王朝的首都不明(可能位于库施)。第二十七王朝是由波斯人建立的。第三十一王朝是希腊人建立的。阿拉伯时期之后。", "title": "埃及首都" }, { "docid": "1733292#0", "text": "埃代阿是非洲中西部國家喀麥隆的城市,由濱海省 (喀麥隆)負責管轄,位於該國西部薩納加河畔,距離首都雅溫得150公里,建城於1891年,海拔高度35米,2001年人口122,300。", "title": "埃代阿" }, { "docid": "21631#42", "text": "首都开罗也被称为“老开罗”,历史可以追溯到希腊罗马时期,是开罗最古老的城区。", "title": "埃及" } ]
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3413466#0
冰岛位于哪一大洲?
[ { "docid": "25443#0", "text": "冰岛(),國名直譯為冰封之島,是北大西洋中的一个岛国,位于北大西洋和北冰洋的交汇处,通常被視為北歐五國之一。冰岛国土面积为10.3万平方公里,人口为36万,儘管面積不大,卻是欧洲人口密度最小的国家,也是世界范围内人口密度很小的国家之一。冰岛的首都是雷克雅維克,也是冰岛的最大城市,首都附近的西南地区人口占全国的三分之二。冰岛地处大西洋中洋脊上,是一个多火山、地质活动频繁的国家。内陆主要是平原地貌,境内多分布沙質地、冷却的熔岩平原和冰川。冰岛虽然位于北极圈边缘,但有北大西洋暖流所以气温适中。", "title": "冰岛" }, { "docid": "982337#0", "text": "西隔丹麦海峡与格陵兰岛相望,东临挪威海,北面格陵兰海,南界大西洋。属北欧国家。", "title": "冰島地理" }, { "docid": "25443#22", "text": "西隔丹麦海峡与格陵兰岛相望,东临挪威海,北面格陵兰海,南界大西洋。属北欧国家,面积10.3万平方公里。", "title": "冰岛" }, { "docid": "1325775#8", "text": "冰島位於北大西洋上的中洋脊。以純地理的定義來說,冰島會被當作一個橫貫整個大陸的國家;然而,以種族、歷史和文化來說,這個由它從不分裂成個別文化區域的主島明確劃定界線的國家,被算作屬於歐洲。冰島是歐洲議會的正式成員(但不是歐盟的成員,儘管它可以加入)。", "title": "跨大陸國家列表" } ]
[ { "docid": "658313#0", "text": "冰岛(冰岛文:)是北大西洋中的一个岛国,位于格陵兰岛和英国中间,首都雷克雅維克。冰島的歷史相當悠久。", "title": "冰岛历史" }, { "docid": "1214336#3", "text": "冰岛的独特地质使其拥有丰富的可再生能源。冰岛位于大西洋中脊,这使得它成为世界上地壳活动最频繁的地方之一。冰岛有200多座火山和600多个温泉。有20多个温度至少150℃[300℉]的高温蒸汽地,其中许多达到250℃的温度。这就是为什么冰岛能利用地热能源的原因,这些蒸汽资源用于每个地方,从房屋供暖到加热游泳池都可以用。水电是利用冰岛上丰富的冰川河流和瀑布资源生产的。", "title": "冰岛的可再生能源" }, { "docid": "25443#2", "text": "冰島是聯合國、北大西洋公約組織、歐洲自由貿易聯盟、歐洲經濟區、北歐理事會與經濟合作與發展組織的會員國,但是並未加入歐洲聯盟。冰岛为市场经济,与其他经济合作与发展组织成员国相比税率较低,并且国民拥有国家提供的健康保险和高等教育等北欧福利系统。2014年冰岛位于联合国人类发展指数的第13位。2008年冰岛发生金融危机,境内的银行国有化,冰島幣值都大幅貶值。但儘管如此,當今冰島仍是全球經濟最富裕、人民生活水平最高的國家之一,且存在極小的貧富差距。", "title": "冰岛" }, { "docid": "1753216#0", "text": "毛瑙半岛()位于冰岛东北部,东临阿赫萨湾,西濒斯乔尔万迪湾,北为格陵兰海。毛瑙半岛上以丰富的中新世至上新世的化石为著称。另外毛瑙半岛上还有大量的岩雷鸟栖息。半岛位于大西洋洋中脊的火山带上。", "title": "毛瑙半岛" }, { "docid": "4372671#2", "text": "冰島處於大西洋中洋脊之上,受到歐亞大陸板塊與北美洲板塊各自的反方向拉扯,是區內頻繁火山活動的原因之一。但大西洋中洋脊的其他部分多屬海平面之下之海底山脈,只有冰島能發展成一獨立島嶼,代表其必定有額外的形成原因。", "title": "冰岛热点" }, { "docid": "6879161#0", "text": "冰岛码头站(丹麦语:Islands Brygge Station)是哥本哈根地铁的一个地下车站,由且仅由哥本哈根地铁1号线使用。是1号线与2号线在克里斯蒂安港站分开后的第一站。位于阿迈厄岛西北部。属于第1收费区。 冰岛码头站所处的冰岛码头位于快速发展中的奥雷斯塔德开发区北部。本站位于奥雷斯塔德大街与Njalsgade交口处,靠近1984年由工厂改建而来的。", "title": "冰岛码头站" } ]
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3738756#0
中国最长的河是那条?
[ { "docid": "1439#0", "text": "长江,古称江水、大江,简称江,是亚洲第一长河和世界第三长河,也是世界上完全在一国境内的最长河流,全长6300公里,干流发源于青藏高原东部唐古拉山脉各拉丹冬峰,穿越中国西南(青海、西藏、云南、四川、重庆)、中部(湖北、湖南、江西)、东部(安徽、江苏),在上海市汇入东海。长江流域覆盖中国大陆五分之一陆地面积,养育中国大陆三分之一的人口。长江经济带也是中国最大的经济带之一。", "title": "长江" } ]
[ { "docid": "7729384#4", "text": "中国是世界上最早开凿运河的文明之一,其中京杭大运河是世界上最长的人工运河。现代社会中,已知调水规模最大的工程是中国的南水北调工程。", "title": "中华人民共和国最长河流列表" }, { "docid": "7729384#0", "text": "中华人民共和国境内河流众多,其中河川流域面积超过1万平方千米的河流有228条,总长度13.25万千米,年均径流量居世界第六。世界最长的十条河流中,有三条流经中国。", "title": "中华人民共和国最长河流列表" }, { "docid": "1935285#3", "text": "楚河是链接东湖和沙湖的一条2.2公里长的河流。 这是国务院批准的六湖连通工程的控制性项目。楚河宽40到70米,若包括景观和路则有150米宽。沿河畔栽有树木,用来吸引游人。 楚河上新建的四座桥梁由有奖征名确定,分别是:放鹰桥(东湖路)、云中桥(中北路)、歌笛桥(沙湖大道)、烟霞桥(烟霞路)。 汉街是楚河南岸一条1.5公里长的步行街。总面积为21万平方米。汉街两旁有200多个商店、餐厅、文化休闲场所等。建成时是中国最长的步行街。", "title": "楚河汉街" }, { "docid": "263#21", "text": "中国山区广阔,山地、高原和丘陵约占全国土地总面积的三分之二;中国地理有四大高原,四大盆地和三大平原之说,依次为青藏高原、云贵高原、内蒙古高原和黄土高原;塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、柴达木盆地和四川盆地;东北平原、华北平原和长江中下游平原。另有大地形区东南丘陵。长江和黄河是中国最长的两条河流,其他主要河流有黑龙江、珠江、淮河等。塔里木河是中国最长的内流河。", "title": "中國" }, { "docid": "66050#20", "text": "亚马孙河有1000多条支流,主要的支流从上游算起是:尽管“世界上最长的河流是尼罗河还是亚马孙河?”已经被争论许多年,但地理学权威们在历史上的共识是亚马孙河是世界第二长河流,尼罗河最长。不过,至今由不同地理学家测量所得的亚马孙河长度在之间。通常说,亚马孙河“至少”有长。尼罗河被报告过的长度在之间。通常说,它长“约”。有很多因素可以影响到测量的结果。", "title": "亚马逊河" }, { "docid": "7729384#2", "text": "本列表罗列出流经中国境内,且境内部分长度在1000千米以上的河流。", "title": "中华人民共和国最长河流列表" }, { "docid": "22294#0", "text": "尼罗河(,,埃及語:Ḥ'pī / \"iteru\",科普特语:ⲫⲓⲁⲣⲟ / \"phiaro\")是一条流經非洲東部與北部的河流,與中非地區的剛果河、非洲南部的赞比西河以及西非地区的尼日尔河並列非洲最大的四個河流系統。尼罗河長6650公里,是世界上第一长的河流。2007年雖有來自巴西的學者宣稱亞馬遜河長度更勝一籌,但尚未獲全球地理學界的普遍認同。尼罗河有两条主要的支流,白尼罗河和青尼罗河。发源于埃塞俄比亚高原的青尼罗河是尼罗河下游大多数水和营养来源,但白尼罗河则是两条支流中最长的。它源于非洲中部的大湖地区,其最远的源头位于卢旺达(),向北它流经坦桑尼亚并注入維多利亞湖,再从此湖中溢出注入艾伯特湖,往北流入乌干达和苏丹共和国南部,并于后者处形成大面积沼泽湿地。藍尼罗河源于埃塞俄比亚的塔納湖(),从东南流入苏丹。在苏丹首都喀土穆附近,白尼罗河藍尼罗河相汇,形成尼罗河。尼羅河泛濫定期於每年7-11月。", "title": "尼罗河" }, { "docid": "7105#31", "text": "中国除天然河流外,还有许多人工开凿的运河,其中有世界上开凿最早、最长的京杭运河。京杭运河北起北京、南到杭州,纵贯京津两市和冀、鲁、苏、浙4省,沟通海河、黄河、淮河、长江、钱塘江五大水系,全长1801公里。开凿至今已有2000多年的历史,对沟通中国南北交通曾起过重大的作用,过去由于缺乏保养,很多河段已经断航。中华人民共和国成立后,整治了运河,目前江苏、浙江两省境内的河段(山东省济宁市以北断航),仍是重要的水上运输线。同时,运河还发挥灌溉、防洪、排涝等作用。在“南水北调”东线工程中,它被用作长江水源北上的输水渠道。", "title": "中国地理" }, { "docid": "324544#0", "text": "清水河大桥位于青海省曲麻莱县,是青藏铁路线上最长的桥梁,全长11.4公里,是世界上最长的高原冻土铁路桥。清水河大桥位平均海拔4600米以上的可可西里自然保护区,是青藏线上最长的以桥代路的特大桥,修筑此桥的一个主要目的是为野生动物穿越青藏铁路提供通道,被誉为是“环保桥”。春夏季,成群迁徙的藏羚羊便可以通过此桥。", "title": "清水河大桥 (青藏铁路)" } ]
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1885930#0
世界上哪些国家信天主教?
[ { "docid": "308867#0", "text": "菲律宾和东帝汶是亚洲仅有的两个天主教国家,也是世界第三大天主教国家(前两名分别是巴西和墨西哥)。天主教徒占菲律宾人口的83%,占有绝对优势,从西班牙传入五百年来,天主教一直对菲律宾的政治和社会产生巨大影响。1986年总统马科斯和2001年埃斯特拉达被赶下台,以樞機辛海梅為首的菲律賓主教聯會(CBCP)都发挥了重要作用。全国城乡各处遍布大小教堂和售卖天主教用品的店铺。菲律宾有四座巴洛克风格的天主教堂已列为世界文化遗产,分别坐落在马尼拉、圣玛丽亚、帕瓦伊和米亚高。菲律宾还拥有世界上最长的圣诞季,从12月16日开始。", "title": "菲律宾天主教" }, { "docid": "6563307#2", "text": "根據《CIA世界概況》和皮尤研究中心的數據,天主教徒數量最多的五個國家是巴西、墨西哥、菲律賓、美國和意大利,其天主教徒人數均逐漸減少。", "title": "各國天主教會" } ]
[ { "docid": "209009#14", "text": "據韓國天主教會於2017年發表的統計資料,韓國天主教徒總計5,813,770人,占全國總人口(52,950,306人)的11.0%。现在,韩国天主教会是世界上成年人信仰皈依最多的教会,每年都有超过15万以上的成人进教。同时,韩国天主教会还向世界各国(甚至向缺少司铎的法国和德国)共派遣2400多名传教士。前总统金大中和卢武铉與現任總統文在寅均为天主教徒。", "title": "朝鮮半島天主教" }, { "docid": "3448#93", "text": "天主教為意大利第一大宗教,大約有87.8%的意大利人为天主教基督徒。意大利還擁有世界上最多樞機,而且也是世界上擁有最多天主教堂的國家。", "title": "意大利" }, { "docid": "157455#2", "text": "羅馬天主教與希臘東正教在中世紀散佈到全歐洲,文藝復興時代又進一步散布到全世界,成為目前世界上最大的宗教,擁有約20億信徒。現今最具規模的三大教派為罗马天主教、东正教、基督新教(“新教”为泛指称谓。其宗派繁多,如信义宗、圣公宗、归正宗等。新教至今仍在产生新的教派)。", "title": "基督教历史" }, { "docid": "306076#0", "text": "越南是亚洲国家中天主教徒人数最多的国家之一,目前越南有天主教徒约600万,人数在亚洲仅次于菲律宾和中国大陆(包括地下教会),但其占人口的比重和社会影响力则远高于中国。同时天主教也是越南最重要的二大宗教(天主教和佛教)之一。", "title": "越南天主教" }, { "docid": "917239#5", "text": "大约90%的意大利人是天主教徒,其中三分之一是活跃的成员。意大利有225个教区和总教区,数目之多在世界上仅次于巴西。意大利还拥有世界上最多的本堂区(25,694)、女性神职人员(102,089)、男性神职人员(23,719)和神父(44,906)。", "title": "意大利天主教" }, { "docid": "1089741#2", "text": "以下国家拥有10座以上宗座圣殿:意大利(554)、法国(170)、波兰(134)、西班牙(112)、美国(82)、德国(74)、巴西(59)、阿根廷(45)、奥地利(32)、哥伦比亚(30)、墨西哥(29)、比利时(29)、荷兰(25)、加拿大(23)、印度(21)、匈牙利(16)、捷克共和国(15)、委内瑞拉(15)、菲律宾(13)、秘鲁(12)、厄瓜多尔(12)、瑞士(12)、斯洛伐克(11)。", "title": "天主教宗座圣殿列表" }, { "docid": "51287#0", "text": "中华人民共和国宗教,指中华人民共和国公民信仰的宗教,中國是世界上人口最多的國家,据统计中國大陸上,中國人大多信奉中國民間信仰(包括地方宗教、祖先崇拜、儒教、道教、汉传佛教),佔73.56%;广义上的佛教徒占15.87%;道教7.6%; 基督宗教(包括天主教、東正教、新教等)2.53%,伊斯蘭教1.45%。经批准的宗教活动场所13.9万余处,宗教教职人员约36万人,宗教团体5500多个,宗教院校100余所。由于中国是政教分离国家,实行宗教与教育分离的原则,在国民教育中,不对学生进行宗教教育。", "title": "中华人民共和国宗教" }, { "docid": "1728#57", "text": "在欧洲,越是发达的地区,无宗教人口的比例越高;越是落后的地区,信神的宗教信徒的比例越高。根据欧洲联盟2005年公布的调查结果,不相信存在神的人口比例,超过60%的有英国、法国、荷兰、瑞典等国,超过50%的有德国、比利时、瑞士、挪威等国,而低于10%的有罗马尼亚、土耳其等国,低于20%的有葡萄牙、希腊、波兰等国。", "title": "欧洲" } ]
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