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--- |
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pretty_name: SQuAD2.0 |
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annotations_creators: |
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- crowdsourced |
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language_creators: |
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- crowdsourced |
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languages: |
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- en |
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licenses: |
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- cc-by-sa-4.0 |
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multilinguality: |
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- monolingual |
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size_categories: |
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- 100K<n<1M |
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source_datasets: |
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- original |
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task_categories: |
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- question-answering |
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- question-generation |
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task_ids: |
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- open-domain-qa |
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- extractive-qa |
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paperswithcode_id: squad |
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--- |
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# Dataset Card for "squad_v2" |
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## Table of Contents |
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- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description) |
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- [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary) |
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- [Supported Tasks and Leaderboards](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards) |
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- [Languages](#languages) |
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- [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure) |
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- [Data Instances](#data-instances) |
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- [Data Fields](#data-fields) |
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- [Data Splits](#data-splits) |
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- [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation) |
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- [Curation Rationale](#curation-rationale) |
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- [Source Data](#source-data) |
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- [Annotations](#annotations) |
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- [Personal and Sensitive Information](#personal-and-sensitive-information) |
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- [Considerations for Using the Data](#considerations-for-using-the-data) |
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- [Social Impact of Dataset](#social-impact-of-dataset) |
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- [Discussion of Biases](#discussion-of-biases) |
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- [Other Known Limitations](#other-known-limitations) |
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- [Additional Information](#additional-information) |
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- [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators) |
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- [Licensing Information](#licensing-information) |
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- [Citation Information](#citation-information) |
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- [Contributions](#contributions) |
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## Dataset Description |
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- **Homepage:** [https://rajpurkar.github.io/SQuAD-explorer/](https://rajpurkar.github.io/SQuAD-explorer/) |
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- **Repository:** [More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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- **Paper:** [More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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- **Point of Contact:** [More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 44.34 MB |
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- **Size of the generated dataset:** 122.57 MB |
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- **Total amount of disk used:** 166.91 MB |
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### Dataset Summary |
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SQuAD2.0 combines the 100,000 questions in SQuAD1.1 with over 50,000 unanswerable questions written adversarially by crowdworkers |
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to look similar to answerable ones. To do well on SQuAD2.0, systems must not only answer questions when possible, but |
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also determine when no answer is supported by the paragraph and abstain from answering. |
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### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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### Languages |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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## Dataset Structure |
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We show detailed information for up to 5 configurations of the dataset. |
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### Data Instances |
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#### squad_v2 |
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- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 44.34 MB |
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- **Size of the generated dataset:** 122.57 MB |
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- **Total amount of disk used:** 166.91 MB |
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An example of 'validation' looks as follows. |
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``` |
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This example was too long and was cropped: |
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{ |
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"answers": { |
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"answer_start": [94, 87, 94, 94], |
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"text": ["10th and 11th centuries", "in the 10th and 11th centuries", "10th and 11th centuries", "10th and 11th centuries"] |
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}, |
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"context": "\"The Normans (Norman: Nourmands; French: Normands; Latin: Normanni) were the people who in the 10th and 11th centuries gave thei...", |
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"id": "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629", |
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"question": "When were the Normans in Normandy?", |
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"title": "Normans" |
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} |
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``` |
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### Data Fields |
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The data fields are the same among all splits. |
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#### squad_v2 |
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- `id`: a `string` feature. |
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- `title`: a `string` feature. |
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- `context`: a `string` feature. |
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- `question`: a `string` feature. |
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- `answers`: a dictionary feature containing: |
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- `text`: a `string` feature. |
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- `answer_start`: a `int32` feature. |
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### Data Splits |
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| name | train | validation | |
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| -------- | -----: | ---------: | |
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| squad_v2 | 130319 | 11873 | |
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## Dataset Creation |
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### Curation Rationale |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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### Source Data |
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#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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#### Who are the source language producers? |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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### Annotations |
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#### Annotation process |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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#### Who are the annotators? |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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### Personal and Sensitive Information |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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## Considerations for Using the Data |
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### Social Impact of Dataset |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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### Discussion of Biases |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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### Other Known Limitations |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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## Additional Information |
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### Dataset Curators |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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### Licensing Information |
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards) |
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### Citation Information |
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``` |
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@article{2016arXiv160605250R, |
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author = {{Rajpurkar}, Pranav and {Zhang}, Jian and {Lopyrev}, |
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Konstantin and {Liang}, Percy}, |
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title = "{SQuAD: 100,000+ Questions for Machine Comprehension of Text}", |
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journal = {arXiv e-prints}, |
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year = 2016, |
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eid = {arXiv:1606.05250}, |
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pages = {arXiv:1606.05250}, |
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archivePrefix = {arXiv}, |
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eprint = {1606.05250}, |
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} |
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``` |
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### Contributions |
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Thanks to [@AbinayaM02](https://github.com/AbinayaM02) |
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