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stringlengths 24
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| title
stringlengths 3
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stringlengths 151
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| question
stringlengths 1
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stringlengths 1
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| references
list | answers
sequence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-300 | 56f78c18a6d7ea1400e17254 | Marshall_Islands | Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loa铆sa Expedition. On August 21, he sighted an island (probably Taongi) at 14掳N that he named "San Bartolome". | Which European first saw the Marshall Islands? | Which European first saw the Marshall Islands? | [
"Which European first saw the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"Alonso de Salazar"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-301 | 56f78c18a6d7ea1400e17255 | Marshall_Islands | Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loa铆sa Expedition. On August 21, he sighted an island (probably Taongi) at 14掳N that he named "San Bartolome". | What was Alonso de Salazar's nationality? | What was Alonso de Salazar's nationality? | [
"What was Alonso de Salazar's nationality?"
] | {
"text": [
"Spanish"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-302 | 56f78c18a6d7ea1400e17256 | Marshall_Islands | Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loa铆sa Expedition. On August 21, he sighted an island (probably Taongi) at 14掳N that he named "San Bartolome". | In what year did Salazar view the Marshall Islands? | In what year did Salazar view the Marshall Islands? | [
"In what year did Salazar view the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"1526"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-303 | 56f78c18a6d7ea1400e17257 | Marshall_Islands | Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loa铆sa Expedition. On August 21, he sighted an island (probably Taongi) at 14掳N that he named "San Bartolome". | What was the name of Alonso de Salazar's ship? | What was the name of Alonso de Salazar's ship? | [
"What was the name of Alonso de Salazar's ship?"
] | {
"text": [
"Santa Maria de la Victoria"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-304 | 56f78c18a6d7ea1400e17258 | Marshall_Islands | Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loa铆sa Expedition. On August 21, he sighted an island (probably Taongi) at 14掳N that he named "San Bartolome". | What did Alonso de Salazar call the island that he saw? | What did Alonso de Salazar call the island that he saw? | [
"What did Alonso de Salazar call the island that he saw?"
] | {
"text": [
"San Bartolome"
],
"answer_start": [
262
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-305 | 56f954c09b226e1400dd1338 | Marshall_Islands | Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loa铆sa Expedition. On August 21, he sighted an island (probably Taongi) at 14掳N that he named "San Bartolome". | Who was the first person from Europe to observe the Marshall Islands? | Who was the first person from Europe to observe the Marshall Islands? | [
"Who was the first person from Europe to observe the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"Alonso de Salazar"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-306 | 56f954c09b226e1400dd1339 | Marshall_Islands | Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loa铆sa Expedition. On August 21, he sighted an island (probably Taongi) at 14掳N that he named "San Bartolome". | What was the nationality of the first European to observe the Marshall Islands? | What was the nationality of the first European to observe the Marshall Islands? | [
"What was the nationality of the first European to observe the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"Spanish"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-307 | 56f954c09b226e1400dd133a | Marshall_Islands | Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loa铆sa Expedition. On August 21, he sighted an island (probably Taongi) at 14掳N that he named "San Bartolome". | In what year did the first European view the Marshall Islands? | In what year did the first European view the Marshall Islands? | [
"In what year did the first European view the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"1526"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-308 | 56f954c09b226e1400dd133b | Marshall_Islands | Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loa铆sa Expedition. On August 21, he sighted an island (probably Taongi) at 14掳N that he named "San Bartolome". | What was the name of Alonso de Salazar's ship? | What was the name of Alonso de Salazar's ship? | [
"What was the name of Alonso de Salazar's ship?"
] | {
"text": [
"Santa Maria de la Victoria"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-309 | 56f954c09b226e1400dd133c | Marshall_Islands | Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loa铆sa Expedition. On August 21, he sighted an island (probably Taongi) at 14掳N that he named "San Bartolome". | Which of the Marshall Islands did Salazar most likely see? | Which of the Marshall Islands did Salazar most likely see? | [
"Which of the Marshall Islands did Salazar most likely see?"
] | {
"text": [
"Taongi"
],
"answer_start": [
231
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-310 | 56f78ce7aef2371900625bbd | Marshall_Islands | On September 21, 1529, 脕lvaro de Saavedra Cer贸n commanded the Spanish ship Florida, on his second attempt to recross the Pacific from the Maluku Islands. He stood off a group of islands from which local inhabitants hurled stones at his ship. These islands, which he named "Los Pintados", may have been Ujelang. On October 1, he found another group of islands where he went ashore for eight days, exchanged gifts with the local inhabitants and took on water. These islands, which he named "Los Jardines", may have been Enewetak or Bikini Atoll. | Whose ship was named Florida? | Whose ship was named Florida? | [
"Whose ship was named Florida?"
] | {
"text": [
"脕lvaro de Saavedra Cer贸n"
],
"answer_start": [
23
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-311 | 56f78ce7aef2371900625bbe | Marshall_Islands | On September 21, 1529, 脕lvaro de Saavedra Cer贸n commanded the Spanish ship Florida, on his second attempt to recross the Pacific from the Maluku Islands. He stood off a group of islands from which local inhabitants hurled stones at his ship. These islands, which he named "Los Pintados", may have been Ujelang. On October 1, he found another group of islands where he went ashore for eight days, exchanged gifts with the local inhabitants and took on water. These islands, which he named "Los Jardines", may have been Enewetak or Bikini Atoll. | From where did Cer贸n attempt to cross the Pacific Ocean? | From where did Cer贸n attempt to cross the Pacific Ocean? | [
"From where did Cer贸n attempt to cross the Pacific Ocean?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Maluku Islands"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-312 | 56f78ce7aef2371900625bbf | Marshall_Islands | On September 21, 1529, 脕lvaro de Saavedra Cer贸n commanded the Spanish ship Florida, on his second attempt to recross the Pacific from the Maluku Islands. He stood off a group of islands from which local inhabitants hurled stones at his ship. These islands, which he named "Los Pintados", may have been Ujelang. On October 1, he found another group of islands where he went ashore for eight days, exchanged gifts with the local inhabitants and took on water. These islands, which he named "Los Jardines", may have been Enewetak or Bikini Atoll. | What did Cer贸n name the islands from which people threw rocks at his vessel? | What did Cer贸n name the islands from which people threw rocks at his vessel? | [
"What did Cer贸n name the islands from which people threw rocks at his vessel?"
] | {
"text": [
"Los Pintados"
],
"answer_start": [
273
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-313 | 56f78ce7aef2371900625bc0 | Marshall_Islands | On September 21, 1529, 脕lvaro de Saavedra Cer贸n commanded the Spanish ship Florida, on his second attempt to recross the Pacific from the Maluku Islands. He stood off a group of islands from which local inhabitants hurled stones at his ship. These islands, which he named "Los Pintados", may have been Ujelang. On October 1, he found another group of islands where he went ashore for eight days, exchanged gifts with the local inhabitants and took on water. These islands, which he named "Los Jardines", may have been Enewetak or Bikini Atoll. | What was the name given to the islands reached by Cer贸n in October of 1529? | What was the name given to the islands reached by Cer贸n in October of 1529? | [
"What was the name given to the islands reached by Cer贸n in October of 1529?"
] | {
"text": [
"Los Jardines"
],
"answer_start": [
489
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-314 | 56f78ce7aef2371900625bc1 | Marshall_Islands | On September 21, 1529, 脕lvaro de Saavedra Cer贸n commanded the Spanish ship Florida, on his second attempt to recross the Pacific from the Maluku Islands. He stood off a group of islands from which local inhabitants hurled stones at his ship. These islands, which he named "Los Pintados", may have been Ujelang. On October 1, he found another group of islands where he went ashore for eight days, exchanged gifts with the local inhabitants and took on water. These islands, which he named "Los Jardines", may have been Enewetak or Bikini Atoll. | What are two possible modern names for the islands called Los Jardines by Cer贸n? | What are two possible modern names for the islands called Los Jardines by Cer贸n? | [
"What are two possible modern names for the islands called Los Jardines by Cer贸n?"
] | {
"text": [
"Enewetak or Bikini Atoll"
],
"answer_start": [
518
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-315 | 56f955b19b226e1400dd1342 | Marshall_Islands | On September 21, 1529, 脕lvaro de Saavedra Cer贸n commanded the Spanish ship Florida, on his second attempt to recross the Pacific from the Maluku Islands. He stood off a group of islands from which local inhabitants hurled stones at his ship. These islands, which he named "Los Pintados", may have been Ujelang. On October 1, he found another group of islands where he went ashore for eight days, exchanged gifts with the local inhabitants and took on water. These islands, which he named "Los Jardines", may have been Enewetak or Bikini Atoll. | Who was in charge of the ship named Florida? | Who was in charge of the ship named Florida? | [
"Who was in charge of the ship named Florida?"
] | {
"text": [
"脕lvaro de Saavedra Cer贸n"
],
"answer_start": [
23
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-316 | 56f955b19b226e1400dd1343 | Marshall_Islands | On September 21, 1529, 脕lvaro de Saavedra Cer贸n commanded the Spanish ship Florida, on his second attempt to recross the Pacific from the Maluku Islands. He stood off a group of islands from which local inhabitants hurled stones at his ship. These islands, which he named "Los Pintados", may have been Ujelang. On October 1, he found another group of islands where he went ashore for eight days, exchanged gifts with the local inhabitants and took on water. These islands, which he named "Los Jardines", may have been Enewetak or Bikini Atoll. | Where did Cer贸n's expedition begin? | Where did Cer贸n's expedition begin? | [
"Where did Cer贸n's expedition begin?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Maluku Islands"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-317 | 56f955b19b226e1400dd1344 | Marshall_Islands | On September 21, 1529, 脕lvaro de Saavedra Cer贸n commanded the Spanish ship Florida, on his second attempt to recross the Pacific from the Maluku Islands. He stood off a group of islands from which local inhabitants hurled stones at his ship. These islands, which he named "Los Pintados", may have been Ujelang. On October 1, he found another group of islands where he went ashore for eight days, exchanged gifts with the local inhabitants and took on water. These islands, which he named "Los Jardines", may have been Enewetak or Bikini Atoll. | What name did Cer贸n give to the island that might have been Ujelang? | What name did Cer贸n give to the island that might have been Ujelang? | [
"What name did Cer贸n give to the island that might have been Ujelang?"
] | {
"text": [
"Los Pintados"
],
"answer_start": [
273
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-318 | 56f955b19b226e1400dd1345 | Marshall_Islands | On September 21, 1529, 脕lvaro de Saavedra Cer贸n commanded the Spanish ship Florida, on his second attempt to recross the Pacific from the Maluku Islands. He stood off a group of islands from which local inhabitants hurled stones at his ship. These islands, which he named "Los Pintados", may have been Ujelang. On October 1, he found another group of islands where he went ashore for eight days, exchanged gifts with the local inhabitants and took on water. These islands, which he named "Los Jardines", may have been Enewetak or Bikini Atoll. | What group of islands might have been Bikini Atoll or Enewetak? | What group of islands might have been Bikini Atoll or Enewetak? | [
"What group of islands might have been Bikini Atoll or Enewetak?"
] | {
"text": [
"Los Jardines"
],
"answer_start": [
489
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-319 | 56f955b19b226e1400dd1346 | Marshall_Islands | On September 21, 1529, 脕lvaro de Saavedra Cer贸n commanded the Spanish ship Florida, on his second attempt to recross the Pacific from the Maluku Islands. He stood off a group of islands from which local inhabitants hurled stones at his ship. These islands, which he named "Los Pintados", may have been Ujelang. On October 1, he found another group of islands where he went ashore for eight days, exchanged gifts with the local inhabitants and took on water. These islands, which he named "Los Jardines", may have been Enewetak or Bikini Atoll. | How long did Cer贸n spend on Los Jardines? | How long did Cer贸n spend on Los Jardines? | [
"How long did Cer贸n spend on Los Jardines?"
] | {
"text": [
"eight days"
],
"answer_start": [
384
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-320 | 56f78d9daef2371900625bc7 | Marshall_Islands | The Spanish ship San Pedro and two other vessels in an expedition commanded by Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi discovered an island on January 9, 1530, possibly Mejit, at 10掳N, which they named "Los Barbudos". The Spaniards went ashore and traded with the local inhabitants. On January 10, the Spaniards sighted another island that they named "Placeres", perhaps Ailuk; ten leagues away, they sighted another island that they called "Pajares" (perhaps Jemo). On January 12, they sighted another island at 10掳N that they called "Corrales" (possibly Wotho). On January 15, the Spaniards sighted another low island, perhaps Ujelang, at 10掳N, where they described the people on "Barbudos". After that, ships including the San Jeronimo, Los Reyes and Todos los Santos also visited the islands in different years. | What was the name given to the island reached by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi on January 9th of 1530? | What was the name given to the island reached by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi on January 9th of 1530? | [
"What was the name given to the island reached by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi on January 9th of 1530?"
] | {
"text": [
"Los Barbudos"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-321 | 56f78d9daef2371900625bc8 | Marshall_Islands | The Spanish ship San Pedro and two other vessels in an expedition commanded by Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi discovered an island on January 9, 1530, possibly Mejit, at 10掳N, which they named "Los Barbudos". The Spaniards went ashore and traded with the local inhabitants. On January 10, the Spaniards sighted another island that they named "Placeres", perhaps Ailuk; ten leagues away, they sighted another island that they called "Pajares" (perhaps Jemo). On January 12, they sighted another island at 10掳N that they called "Corrales" (possibly Wotho). On January 15, the Spaniards sighted another low island, perhaps Ujelang, at 10掳N, where they described the people on "Barbudos". After that, ships including the San Jeronimo, Los Reyes and Todos los Santos also visited the islands in different years. | What is thought to be the modern name of the island Legazpi called Los Barbudos? | What is thought to be the modern name of the island Legazpi called Los Barbudos? | [
"What is thought to be the modern name of the island Legazpi called Los Barbudos?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mejit"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-322 | 56f78d9daef2371900625bc9 | Marshall_Islands | The Spanish ship San Pedro and two other vessels in an expedition commanded by Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi discovered an island on January 9, 1530, possibly Mejit, at 10掳N, which they named "Los Barbudos". The Spaniards went ashore and traded with the local inhabitants. On January 10, the Spaniards sighted another island that they named "Placeres", perhaps Ailuk; ten leagues away, they sighted another island that they called "Pajares" (perhaps Jemo). On January 12, they sighted another island at 10掳N that they called "Corrales" (possibly Wotho). On January 15, the Spaniards sighted another low island, perhaps Ujelang, at 10掳N, where they described the people on "Barbudos". After that, ships including the San Jeronimo, Los Reyes and Todos los Santos also visited the islands in different years. | On what date did Legazpi's expedition see the island it named Placeres? | On what date did Legazpi's expedition see the island it named Placeres? | [
"On what date did Legazpi's expedition see the island it named Placeres?"
] | {
"text": [
"January 10"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-323 | 56f78d9daef2371900625bca | Marshall_Islands | The Spanish ship San Pedro and two other vessels in an expedition commanded by Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi discovered an island on January 9, 1530, possibly Mejit, at 10掳N, which they named "Los Barbudos". The Spaniards went ashore and traded with the local inhabitants. On January 10, the Spaniards sighted another island that they named "Placeres", perhaps Ailuk; ten leagues away, they sighted another island that they called "Pajares" (perhaps Jemo). On January 12, they sighted another island at 10掳N that they called "Corrales" (possibly Wotho). On January 15, the Spaniards sighted another low island, perhaps Ujelang, at 10掳N, where they described the people on "Barbudos". After that, ships including the San Jeronimo, Los Reyes and Todos los Santos also visited the islands in different years. | What name did the expedition give to the island it saw on January 12th? | What name did the expedition give to the island it saw on January 12th? | [
"What name did the expedition give to the island it saw on January 12th?"
] | {
"text": [
"Corrales"
],
"answer_start": [
520
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-324 | 56f78d9daef2371900625bcb | Marshall_Islands | The Spanish ship San Pedro and two other vessels in an expedition commanded by Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi discovered an island on January 9, 1530, possibly Mejit, at 10掳N, which they named "Los Barbudos". The Spaniards went ashore and traded with the local inhabitants. On January 10, the Spaniards sighted another island that they named "Placeres", perhaps Ailuk; ten leagues away, they sighted another island that they called "Pajares" (perhaps Jemo). On January 12, they sighted another island at 10掳N that they called "Corrales" (possibly Wotho). On January 15, the Spaniards sighted another low island, perhaps Ujelang, at 10掳N, where they described the people on "Barbudos". After that, ships including the San Jeronimo, Los Reyes and Todos los Santos also visited the islands in different years. | What was the location of Corrales? | What was the location of Corrales? | [
"What was the location of Corrales?"
] | {
"text": [
"10掳N"
],
"answer_start": [
497
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-325 | 56f956539b226e1400dd1356 | Marshall_Islands | The Spanish ship San Pedro and two other vessels in an expedition commanded by Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi discovered an island on January 9, 1530, possibly Mejit, at 10掳N, which they named "Los Barbudos". The Spaniards went ashore and traded with the local inhabitants. On January 10, the Spaniards sighted another island that they named "Placeres", perhaps Ailuk; ten leagues away, they sighted another island that they called "Pajares" (perhaps Jemo). On January 12, they sighted another island at 10掳N that they called "Corrales" (possibly Wotho). On January 15, the Spaniards sighted another low island, perhaps Ujelang, at 10掳N, where they described the people on "Barbudos". After that, ships including the San Jeronimo, Los Reyes and Todos los Santos also visited the islands in different years. | Who led the expedition involving the ship San Pedro? | Who led the expedition involving the ship San Pedro? | [
"Who led the expedition involving the ship San Pedro?"
] | {
"text": [
"Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-326 | 56f956539b226e1400dd1357 | Marshall_Islands | The Spanish ship San Pedro and two other vessels in an expedition commanded by Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi discovered an island on January 9, 1530, possibly Mejit, at 10掳N, which they named "Los Barbudos". The Spaniards went ashore and traded with the local inhabitants. On January 10, the Spaniards sighted another island that they named "Placeres", perhaps Ailuk; ten leagues away, they sighted another island that they called "Pajares" (perhaps Jemo). On January 12, they sighted another island at 10掳N that they called "Corrales" (possibly Wotho). On January 15, the Spaniards sighted another low island, perhaps Ujelang, at 10掳N, where they described the people on "Barbudos". After that, ships including the San Jeronimo, Los Reyes and Todos los Santos also visited the islands in different years. | What did Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi call the island discovered on January 9, 1530? | What did Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi call the island discovered on January 9, 1530? | [
"What did Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi call the island discovered on January 9, 1530?"
] | {
"text": [
"Los Barbudos"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-327 | 56f956539b226e1400dd1358 | Marshall_Islands | The Spanish ship San Pedro and two other vessels in an expedition commanded by Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi discovered an island on January 9, 1530, possibly Mejit, at 10掳N, which they named "Los Barbudos". The Spaniards went ashore and traded with the local inhabitants. On January 10, the Spaniards sighted another island that they named "Placeres", perhaps Ailuk; ten leagues away, they sighted another island that they called "Pajares" (perhaps Jemo). On January 12, they sighted another island at 10掳N that they called "Corrales" (possibly Wotho). On January 15, the Spaniards sighted another low island, perhaps Ujelang, at 10掳N, where they described the people on "Barbudos". After that, ships including the San Jeronimo, Los Reyes and Todos los Santos also visited the islands in different years. | What did the Spanish call the island that might have been Ailuk? | What did the Spanish call the island that might have been Ailuk? | [
"What did the Spanish call the island that might have been Ailuk?"
] | {
"text": [
"Placeres"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-328 | 56f956539b226e1400dd1359 | Marshall_Islands | The Spanish ship San Pedro and two other vessels in an expedition commanded by Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi discovered an island on January 9, 1530, possibly Mejit, at 10掳N, which they named "Los Barbudos". The Spaniards went ashore and traded with the local inhabitants. On January 10, the Spaniards sighted another island that they named "Placeres", perhaps Ailuk; ten leagues away, they sighted another island that they called "Pajares" (perhaps Jemo). On January 12, they sighted another island at 10掳N that they called "Corrales" (possibly Wotho). On January 15, the Spaniards sighted another low island, perhaps Ujelang, at 10掳N, where they described the people on "Barbudos". After that, ships including the San Jeronimo, Los Reyes and Todos los Santos also visited the islands in different years. | On what day did the Spanish see the island they named Corrales? | On what day did the Spanish see the island they named Corrales? | [
"On what day did the Spanish see the island they named Corrales?"
] | {
"text": [
"January 12"
],
"answer_start": [
454
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-329 | 56f956539b226e1400dd135a | Marshall_Islands | The Spanish ship San Pedro and two other vessels in an expedition commanded by Miguel L贸pez de Legazpi discovered an island on January 9, 1530, possibly Mejit, at 10掳N, which they named "Los Barbudos". The Spaniards went ashore and traded with the local inhabitants. On January 10, the Spaniards sighted another island that they named "Placeres", perhaps Ailuk; ten leagues away, they sighted another island that they called "Pajares" (perhaps Jemo). On January 12, they sighted another island at 10掳N that they called "Corrales" (possibly Wotho). On January 15, the Spaniards sighted another low island, perhaps Ujelang, at 10掳N, where they described the people on "Barbudos". After that, ships including the San Jeronimo, Los Reyes and Todos los Santos also visited the islands in different years. | What island may have been spotted by the Spanish on January 15? | What island may have been spotted by the Spanish on January 15? | [
"What island may have been spotted by the Spanish on January 15?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ujelang"
],
"answer_start": [
613
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-330 | 56f78e35aef2371900625bd1 | Marshall_Islands | Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore Duperrey named the islands after John Marshall, and drew maps of the islands. The designation was repeated later on British maps.[citation needed] In 1824 the crew of the American whaler Globe mutinied and some of the crew put ashore on Mulgrave Island. One year later, the American schooner Dolphin arrived and picked up two boys, the last survivors of a massacre by the natives due to their brutal treatment of the women.:2 | Who arrived at the Marshall Islands in 1788? | Who arrived at the Marshall Islands in 1788? | [
"Who arrived at the Marshall Islands in 1788?"
] | {
"text": [
"Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-331 | 56f78e35aef2371900625bd2 | Marshall_Islands | Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore Duperrey named the islands after John Marshall, and drew maps of the islands. The designation was repeated later on British maps.[citation needed] In 1824 the crew of the American whaler Globe mutinied and some of the crew put ashore on Mulgrave Island. One year later, the American schooner Dolphin arrived and picked up two boys, the last survivors of a massacre by the natives due to their brutal treatment of the women.:2 | What do natives of the Marshall Islands call their country? | What do natives of the Marshall Islands call their country? | [
"What do natives of the Marshall Islands call their country?"
] | {
"text": [
"jolet jen Anij"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-332 | 56f78e35aef2371900625bd3 | Marshall_Islands | Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore Duperrey named the islands after John Marshall, and drew maps of the islands. The designation was repeated later on British maps.[citation needed] In 1824 the crew of the American whaler Globe mutinied and some of the crew put ashore on Mulgrave Island. One year later, the American schooner Dolphin arrived and picked up two boys, the last survivors of a massacre by the natives due to their brutal treatment of the women.:2 | Which Russian was involved in naming the Marshall Islands? | Which Russian was involved in naming the Marshall Islands? | [
"Which Russian was involved in naming the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"Adam Johann von Krusenstern"
],
"answer_start": [
254
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-333 | 56f78e35aef2371900625bd4 | Marshall_Islands | Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore Duperrey named the islands after John Marshall, and drew maps of the islands. The designation was repeated later on British maps.[citation needed] In 1824 the crew of the American whaler Globe mutinied and some of the crew put ashore on Mulgrave Island. One year later, the American schooner Dolphin arrived and picked up two boys, the last survivors of a massacre by the natives due to their brutal treatment of the women.:2 | Which French citizen was involved in naming the Marshall Islands? | Which French citizen was involved in naming the Marshall Islands? | [
"Which French citizen was involved in naming the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"Louis Isidore Duperrey"
],
"answer_start": [
306
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-334 | 56f78e35aef2371900625bd5 | Marshall_Islands | Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore Duperrey named the islands after John Marshall, and drew maps of the islands. The designation was repeated later on British maps.[citation needed] In 1824 the crew of the American whaler Globe mutinied and some of the crew put ashore on Mulgrave Island. One year later, the American schooner Dolphin arrived and picked up two boys, the last survivors of a massacre by the natives due to their brutal treatment of the women.:2 | At what island did the Globe arrive in 1824? | At what island did the Globe arrive in 1824? | [
"At what island did the Globe arrive in 1824?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mulgrave"
],
"answer_start": [
557
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-335 | 56f956c89b226e1400dd1360 | Marshall_Islands | Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore Duperrey named the islands after John Marshall, and drew maps of the islands. The designation was repeated later on British maps.[citation needed] In 1824 the crew of the American whaler Globe mutinied and some of the crew put ashore on Mulgrave Island. One year later, the American schooner Dolphin arrived and picked up two boys, the last survivors of a massacre by the natives due to their brutal treatment of the women.:2 | Who notably accompanied John Charles Marshall to the Marshall Islands? | Who notably accompanied John Charles Marshall to the Marshall Islands? | [
"Who notably accompanied John Charles Marshall to the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"Thomas Gilbert"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-336 | 56f956c89b226e1400dd1361 | Marshall_Islands | Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore Duperrey named the islands after John Marshall, and drew maps of the islands. The designation was repeated later on British maps.[citation needed] In 1824 the crew of the American whaler Globe mutinied and some of the crew put ashore on Mulgrave Island. One year later, the American schooner Dolphin arrived and picked up two boys, the last survivors of a massacre by the natives due to their brutal treatment of the women.:2 | In what year did Marshall and Gilbert go to the islands? | In what year did Marshall and Gilbert go to the islands? | [
"In what year did Marshall and Gilbert go to the islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"1788"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-337 | 56f956c89b226e1400dd1362 | Marshall_Islands | Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore Duperrey named the islands after John Marshall, and drew maps of the islands. The designation was repeated later on British maps.[citation needed] In 1824 the crew of the American whaler Globe mutinied and some of the crew put ashore on Mulgrave Island. One year later, the American schooner Dolphin arrived and picked up two boys, the last survivors of a massacre by the natives due to their brutal treatment of the women.:2 | What is the traditional name of the Marshall Islands? | What is the traditional name of the Marshall Islands? | [
"What is the traditional name of the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"jolet jen Anij"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-338 | 56f956c89b226e1400dd1363 | Marshall_Islands | Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore Duperrey named the islands after John Marshall, and drew maps of the islands. The designation was repeated later on British maps.[citation needed] In 1824 the crew of the American whaler Globe mutinied and some of the crew put ashore on Mulgrave Island. One year later, the American schooner Dolphin arrived and picked up two boys, the last survivors of a massacre by the natives due to their brutal treatment of the women.:2 | What is the English translation of the traditional name of the Marshall Islands? | What is the English translation of the traditional name of the Marshall Islands? | [
"What is the English translation of the traditional name of the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"Gifts from God"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-339 | 56f956c89b226e1400dd1364 | Marshall_Islands | Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore Duperrey named the islands after John Marshall, and drew maps of the islands. The designation was repeated later on British maps.[citation needed] In 1824 the crew of the American whaler Globe mutinied and some of the crew put ashore on Mulgrave Island. One year later, the American schooner Dolphin arrived and picked up two boys, the last survivors of a massacre by the natives due to their brutal treatment of the women.:2 | On what island did mutinous American whalers land in 1824? | On what island did mutinous American whalers land in 1824? | [
"On what island did mutinous American whalers land in 1824?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mulgrave Island"
],
"answer_start": [
557
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-340 | 56f799d2a6d7ea1400e1725e | Marshall_Islands | A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San Francisco-based ships Glencoe and Sea Nymph were attacked and everyone aboard except for one crew member were killed. The violence was usually attributed as a response to the ill treatment of the natives in response to petty theft, which was a common practice. In 1857, two missionaries successfully settled on Ebon, living among the natives through at least 1870.:3 | Who was the leader of the group attacked by the people of the Marshall Islands in 1834? | Who was the leader of the group attacked by the people of the Marshall Islands in 1834? | [
"Who was the leader of the group attacked by the people of the Marshall Islands in 1834?"
] | {
"text": [
"Captain DonSette"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-341 | 56f799d2a6d7ea1400e1725f | Marshall_Islands | A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San Francisco-based ships Glencoe and Sea Nymph were attacked and everyone aboard except for one crew member were killed. The violence was usually attributed as a response to the ill treatment of the natives in response to petty theft, which was a common practice. In 1857, two missionaries successfully settled on Ebon, living among the natives through at least 1870.:3 | What vessel was attacked in 1845? | What vessel was attacked in 1845? | [
"What vessel was attacked in 1845?"
] | {
"text": [
"Naiad"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-342 | 56f799d2a6d7ea1400e17260 | Marshall_Islands | A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San Francisco-based ships Glencoe and Sea Nymph were attacked and everyone aboard except for one crew member were killed. The violence was usually attributed as a response to the ill treatment of the natives in response to petty theft, which was a common practice. In 1857, two missionaries successfully settled on Ebon, living among the natives through at least 1870.:3 | What ships were attacked in 1852? | What ships were attacked in 1852? | [
"What ships were attacked in 1852?"
] | {
"text": [
"Glencoe and Sea Nymph"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-343 | 56f799d2a6d7ea1400e17261 | Marshall_Islands | A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San Francisco-based ships Glencoe and Sea Nymph were attacked and everyone aboard except for one crew member were killed. The violence was usually attributed as a response to the ill treatment of the natives in response to petty theft, which was a common practice. In 1857, two missionaries successfully settled on Ebon, living among the natives through at least 1870.:3 | In what year did missionaries arrive to live in the Marshall Islands? | In what year did missionaries arrive to live in the Marshall Islands? | [
"In what year did missionaries arrive to live in the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"1857"
],
"answer_start": [
585
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-344 | 56f799d2a6d7ea1400e17262 | Marshall_Islands | A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San Francisco-based ships Glencoe and Sea Nymph were attacked and everyone aboard except for one crew member were killed. The violence was usually attributed as a response to the ill treatment of the natives in response to petty theft, which was a common practice. In 1857, two missionaries successfully settled on Ebon, living among the natives through at least 1870.:3 | On what island did the Missionaries live with citizens of the Marshall Islands? | On what island did the Missionaries live with citizens of the Marshall Islands? | [
"On what island did the Missionaries live with citizens of the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ebon"
],
"answer_start": [
632
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-345 | 56f9575c9e9bad19000a0849 | Marshall_Islands | A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San Francisco-based ships Glencoe and Sea Nymph were attacked and everyone aboard except for one crew member were killed. The violence was usually attributed as a response to the ill treatment of the natives in response to petty theft, which was a common practice. In 1857, two missionaries successfully settled on Ebon, living among the natives through at least 1870.:3 | Who was the captain of the crew killed in 1834? | Who was the captain of the crew killed in 1834? | [
"Who was the captain of the crew killed in 1834?"
] | {
"text": [
"Captain DonSette"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-346 | 56f9575c9e9bad19000a084a | Marshall_Islands | A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San Francisco-based ships Glencoe and Sea Nymph were attacked and everyone aboard except for one crew member were killed. The violence was usually attributed as a response to the ill treatment of the natives in response to petty theft, which was a common practice. In 1857, two missionaries successfully settled on Ebon, living among the natives through at least 1870.:3 | In what year was the ship Naiad attacked by natives? | In what year was the ship Naiad attacked by natives? | [
"In what year was the ship Naiad attacked by natives?"
] | {
"text": [
"1845"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-347 | 56f9575c9e9bad19000a084b | Marshall_Islands | A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San Francisco-based ships Glencoe and Sea Nymph were attacked and everyone aboard except for one crew member were killed. The violence was usually attributed as a response to the ill treatment of the natives in response to petty theft, which was a common practice. In 1857, two missionaries successfully settled on Ebon, living among the natives through at least 1870.:3 | What type of ship was the Naiad? | What type of ship was the Naiad? | [
"What type of ship was the Naiad?"
] | {
"text": [
"schooner"
],
"answer_start": [
154
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-348 | 56f9575c9e9bad19000a084c | Marshall_Islands | A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San Francisco-based ships Glencoe and Sea Nymph were attacked and everyone aboard except for one crew member were killed. The violence was usually attributed as a response to the ill treatment of the natives in response to petty theft, which was a common practice. In 1857, two missionaries successfully settled on Ebon, living among the natives through at least 1870.:3 | Out of what city was the Sea Nymph sailing? | Out of what city was the Sea Nymph sailing? | [
"Out of what city was the Sea Nymph sailing?"
] | {
"text": [
"San Francisco"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-349 | 56f9575c9e9bad19000a084d | Marshall_Islands | A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San Francisco-based ships Glencoe and Sea Nymph were attacked and everyone aboard except for one crew member were killed. The violence was usually attributed as a response to the ill treatment of the natives in response to petty theft, which was a common practice. In 1857, two missionaries successfully settled on Ebon, living among the natives through at least 1870.:3 | Where did missionaries live as of 1857? | Where did missionaries live as of 1857? | [
"Where did missionaries live as of 1857?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ebon"
],
"answer_start": [
632
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-350 | 56f957e29b226e1400dd136a | Marshall_Islands | Although the Spanish Empire had a residual claim on the Marshalls in 1874, when she began asserting her sovereignty over the Carolines, she made no effort to prevent the German Empire from gaining a foothold there. Britain also raised no objection to a German protectorate over the Marshalls in exchange for German recognition of Britain's rights in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands. On October 13, 1885, SMS Nautilus under Captain R枚tger brought German emissaries to Jaluit. They signed a treaty with Kabua, whom the Germans had earlier recognized as "King of the Ralik Islands," on October 15. | What nation had a claim on the Marshall Islands as of 1874? | What nation had a claim on the Marshall Islands as of 1874? | [
"What nation had a claim on the Marshall Islands as of 1874?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Spanish Empire"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-351 | 56f957e29b226e1400dd136b | Marshall_Islands | Although the Spanish Empire had a residual claim on the Marshalls in 1874, when she began asserting her sovereignty over the Carolines, she made no effort to prevent the German Empire from gaining a foothold there. Britain also raised no objection to a German protectorate over the Marshalls in exchange for German recognition of Britain's rights in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands. On October 13, 1885, SMS Nautilus under Captain R枚tger brought German emissaries to Jaluit. They signed a treaty with Kabua, whom the Germans had earlier recognized as "King of the Ralik Islands," on October 15. | What nation formed a protectorate over the Marshall Islands? | What nation formed a protectorate over the Marshall Islands? | [
"What nation formed a protectorate over the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"the German Empire"
],
"answer_start": [
166
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-352 | 56f957e29b226e1400dd136c | Marshall_Islands | Although the Spanish Empire had a residual claim on the Marshalls in 1874, when she began asserting her sovereignty over the Carolines, she made no effort to prevent the German Empire from gaining a foothold there. Britain also raised no objection to a German protectorate over the Marshalls in exchange for German recognition of Britain's rights in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands. On October 13, 1885, SMS Nautilus under Captain R枚tger brought German emissaries to Jaluit. They signed a treaty with Kabua, whom the Germans had earlier recognized as "King of the Ralik Islands," on October 15. | What nation asserted their rights over the Gilbert and Ellice islands? | What nation asserted their rights over the Gilbert and Ellice islands? | [
"What nation asserted their rights over the Gilbert and Ellice islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"Britain"
],
"answer_start": [
215
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-353 | 56f957e29b226e1400dd136d | Marshall_Islands | Although the Spanish Empire had a residual claim on the Marshalls in 1874, when she began asserting her sovereignty over the Carolines, she made no effort to prevent the German Empire from gaining a foothold there. Britain also raised no objection to a German protectorate over the Marshalls in exchange for German recognition of Britain's rights in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands. On October 13, 1885, SMS Nautilus under Captain R枚tger brought German emissaries to Jaluit. They signed a treaty with Kabua, whom the Germans had earlier recognized as "King of the Ralik Islands," on October 15. | On what ship did German ambassadors arrive in the Marshall Islands? | On what ship did German ambassadors arrive in the Marshall Islands? | [
"On what ship did German ambassadors arrive in the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"SMS Nautilus"
],
"answer_start": [
403
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-354 | 56f957e29b226e1400dd136e | Marshall_Islands | Although the Spanish Empire had a residual claim on the Marshalls in 1874, when she began asserting her sovereignty over the Carolines, she made no effort to prevent the German Empire from gaining a foothold there. Britain also raised no objection to a German protectorate over the Marshalls in exchange for German recognition of Britain's rights in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands. On October 13, 1885, SMS Nautilus under Captain R枚tger brought German emissaries to Jaluit. They signed a treaty with Kabua, whom the Germans had earlier recognized as "King of the Ralik Islands," on October 15. | What title did the Germans give to Kabua? | What title did the Germans give to Kabua? | [
"What title did the Germans give to Kabua?"
] | {
"text": [
"King of the Ralik Islands"
],
"answer_start": [
551
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-355 | 56f9586b9b226e1400dd1374 | Marshall_Islands | Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by R枚tger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Carolines with Spain, which almost provoked a war, was in fact "a feint to cover the acquisition of the Marshall Islands", which went almost unnoticed at the time, despite the islands being the largest source of copra in Micronesia. Spain sold the islands to Germany in 1884 through papal mediation. | On what day was a final treaty signed between the Marshall Islands chiefs and the Germans? | On what day was a final treaty signed between the Marshall Islands chiefs and the Germans? | [
"On what day was a final treaty signed between the Marshall Islands chiefs and the Germans?"
] | {
"text": [
"November 1"
],
"answer_start": [
138
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-356 | 56f9586b9b226e1400dd1375 | Marshall_Islands | Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by R枚tger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Carolines with Spain, which almost provoked a war, was in fact "a feint to cover the acquisition of the Marshall Islands", which went almost unnoticed at the time, despite the islands being the largest source of copra in Micronesia. Spain sold the islands to Germany in 1884 through papal mediation. | What status did the Marshall Islands have in Germany? | What status did the Marshall Islands have in Germany? | [
"What status did the Marshall Islands have in Germany?"
] | {
"text": [
"Imperial German Protectorate"
],
"answer_start": [
228
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-357 | 56f9586b9b226e1400dd1376 | Marshall_Islands | Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by R枚tger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Carolines with Spain, which almost provoked a war, was in fact "a feint to cover the acquisition of the Marshall Islands", which went almost unnoticed at the time, despite the islands being the largest source of copra in Micronesia. Spain sold the islands to Germany in 1884 through papal mediation. | What nation had control of the Carolines? | What nation had control of the Carolines? | [
"What nation had control of the Carolines?"
] | {
"text": [
"Spain"
],
"answer_start": [
332
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-358 | 56f9586b9b226e1400dd1377 | Marshall_Islands | Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by R枚tger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Carolines with Spain, which almost provoked a war, was in fact "a feint to cover the acquisition of the Marshall Islands", which went almost unnoticed at the time, despite the islands being the largest source of copra in Micronesia. Spain sold the islands to Germany in 1884 through papal mediation. | What notable resource was available in the Marshall Islands? | What notable resource was available in the Marshall Islands? | [
"What notable resource was available in the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"copra"
],
"answer_start": [
529
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-359 | 56f9586b9b226e1400dd1378 | Marshall_Islands | Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by R枚tger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Carolines with Spain, which almost provoked a war, was in fact "a feint to cover the acquisition of the Marshall Islands", which went almost unnoticed at the time, despite the islands being the largest source of copra in Micronesia. Spain sold the islands to Germany in 1884 through papal mediation. | In what year did Germany buy the Marshalls from Spain? | In what year did Germany buy the Marshalls from Spain? | [
"In what year did Germany buy the Marshalls from Spain?"
] | {
"text": [
"1884"
],
"answer_start": [
587
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-360 | 56f959019e9bad19000a085d | Marshall_Islands | A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905. They conscripted the islanders as laborers and mistreated them. After the German鈥揝panish Treaty of 1899, in which Germany acquired the Carolines, Palau, and the Marianas from Spain, Germany placed all of its Micronesian islands, including the Marshalls, under the governor of German New Guinea. | What company ran the Marshall Islands in the late 19th century? | What company ran the Marshall Islands in the late 19th century? | [
"What company ran the Marshall Islands in the late 19th century?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Jaluit Gesellschaft"
],
"answer_start": [
26
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-361 | 56f959019e9bad19000a085e | Marshall_Islands | A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905. They conscripted the islanders as laborers and mistreated them. After the German鈥揝panish Treaty of 1899, in which Germany acquired the Carolines, Palau, and the Marianas from Spain, Germany placed all of its Micronesian islands, including the Marshalls, under the governor of German New Guinea. | When did the Jaluit Gesellschaft's administration of the islands end? | When did the Jaluit Gesellschaft's administration of the islands end? | [
"When did the Jaluit Gesellschaft's administration of the islands end?"
] | {
"text": [
"1905"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-362 | 56f959019e9bad19000a085f | Marshall_Islands | A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905. They conscripted the islanders as laborers and mistreated them. After the German鈥揝panish Treaty of 1899, in which Germany acquired the Carolines, Palau, and the Marianas from Spain, Germany placed all of its Micronesian islands, including the Marshalls, under the governor of German New Guinea. | What document was signed in 1899? | What document was signed in 1899? | [
"What document was signed in 1899?"
] | {
"text": [
"the German鈥揝panish Treaty of 1899"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-363 | 56f959019e9bad19000a0860 | Marshall_Islands | A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905. They conscripted the islanders as laborers and mistreated them. After the German鈥揝panish Treaty of 1899, in which Germany acquired the Carolines, Palau, and the Marianas from Spain, Germany placed all of its Micronesian islands, including the Marshalls, under the governor of German New Guinea. | Along with the Marianas and Palau, what islands were acquired from Spain in 1899? | Along with the Marianas and Palau, what islands were acquired from Spain in 1899? | [
"Along with the Marianas and Palau, what islands were acquired from Spain in 1899?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Carolines"
],
"answer_start": [
229
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-364 | 56f959019e9bad19000a0861 | Marshall_Islands | A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905. They conscripted the islanders as laborers and mistreated them. After the German鈥揝panish Treaty of 1899, in which Germany acquired the Carolines, Palau, and the Marianas from Spain, Germany placed all of its Micronesian islands, including the Marshalls, under the governor of German New Guinea. | What official administered Germany's Micronesian possessions? | What official administered Germany's Micronesian possessions? | [
"What official administered Germany's Micronesian possessions?"
] | {
"text": [
"the governor of German New Guinea"
],
"answer_start": [
358
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-365 | 56f959be9b226e1400dd137e | Marshall_Islands | Catholic missionary Father A. Erdland, from the Sacred Heart Jesu Society based in Hiltrup, Germany, lived on Jaluit from around 1904 to 1914. He was very interested in the islands and conducted considerable research on the Marshallese culture and language. He published a 376-page monograph on the islands in 1914. Father H. Linckens, another missionary from the Sacred Heart of Jesu Society visited the Marshall Islands in 1904 and 1911 for several weeks. He published a small work in 1912 about the Catholic mission activities and the people of the Marshall Islands. | What Catholic group was Father Erdland a part of? | What Catholic group was Father Erdland a part of? | [
"What Catholic group was Father Erdland a part of?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Sacred Heart Jesu Society"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-366 | 56f959be9b226e1400dd137f | Marshall_Islands | Catholic missionary Father A. Erdland, from the Sacred Heart Jesu Society based in Hiltrup, Germany, lived on Jaluit from around 1904 to 1914. He was very interested in the islands and conducted considerable research on the Marshallese culture and language. He published a 376-page monograph on the islands in 1914. Father H. Linckens, another missionary from the Sacred Heart of Jesu Society visited the Marshall Islands in 1904 and 1911 for several weeks. He published a small work in 1912 about the Catholic mission activities and the people of the Marshall Islands. | In what year did Father Erdland leave the Marshall Islands? | In what year did Father Erdland leave the Marshall Islands? | [
"In what year did Father Erdland leave the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"1914"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-367 | 56f959be9b226e1400dd1380 | Marshall_Islands | Catholic missionary Father A. Erdland, from the Sacred Heart Jesu Society based in Hiltrup, Germany, lived on Jaluit from around 1904 to 1914. He was very interested in the islands and conducted considerable research on the Marshallese culture and language. He published a 376-page monograph on the islands in 1914. Father H. Linckens, another missionary from the Sacred Heart of Jesu Society visited the Marshall Islands in 1904 and 1911 for several weeks. He published a small work in 1912 about the Catholic mission activities and the people of the Marshall Islands. | In what year was Father Linckens' last visit to the Marshalls? | In what year was Father Linckens' last visit to the Marshalls? | [
"In what year was Father Linckens' last visit to the Marshalls?"
] | {
"text": [
"1911"
],
"answer_start": [
434
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-368 | 56f959be9b226e1400dd1381 | Marshall_Islands | Catholic missionary Father A. Erdland, from the Sacred Heart Jesu Society based in Hiltrup, Germany, lived on Jaluit from around 1904 to 1914. He was very interested in the islands and conducted considerable research on the Marshallese culture and language. He published a 376-page monograph on the islands in 1914. Father H. Linckens, another missionary from the Sacred Heart of Jesu Society visited the Marshall Islands in 1904 and 1911 for several weeks. He published a small work in 1912 about the Catholic mission activities and the people of the Marshall Islands. | When was Father Linckens' book published? | When was Father Linckens' book published? | [
"When was Father Linckens' book published?"
] | {
"text": [
"1912"
],
"answer_start": [
487
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-369 | 56f959be9b226e1400dd1382 | Marshall_Islands | Catholic missionary Father A. Erdland, from the Sacred Heart Jesu Society based in Hiltrup, Germany, lived on Jaluit from around 1904 to 1914. He was very interested in the islands and conducted considerable research on the Marshallese culture and language. He published a 376-page monograph on the islands in 1914. Father H. Linckens, another missionary from the Sacred Heart of Jesu Society visited the Marshall Islands in 1904 and 1911 for several weeks. He published a small work in 1912 about the Catholic mission activities and the people of the Marshall Islands. | In what year did Father Linckens first travel to the Marshalls? | In what year did Father Linckens first travel to the Marshalls? | [
"In what year did Father Linckens first travel to the Marshalls?"
] | {
"text": [
"1904"
],
"answer_start": [
425
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-370 | 56f95a099b226e1400dd1388 | Marshall_Islands | Under German control, and even before then, Japanese traders and fishermen from time to time visited the Marshall Islands, although contact with the islanders was irregular. After the Meiji Restoration (1868), the Japanese government adopted a policy of turning the Japanese Empire into a great economic and military power in East Asia. | What notable historical event occurred in Japan in 1868? | What notable historical event occurred in Japan in 1868? | [
"What notable historical event occurred in Japan in 1868?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Meiji Restoration"
],
"answer_start": [
180
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-371 | 56f95a099b226e1400dd1389 | Marshall_Islands | Under German control, and even before then, Japanese traders and fishermen from time to time visited the Marshall Islands, although contact with the islanders was irregular. After the Meiji Restoration (1868), the Japanese government adopted a policy of turning the Japanese Empire into a great economic and military power in East Asia. | In what region did the Japanese attempt to build up their power after 1868? | In what region did the Japanese attempt to build up their power after 1868? | [
"In what region did the Japanese attempt to build up their power after 1868?"
] | {
"text": [
"East Asia"
],
"answer_start": [
326
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-372 | 56f95a099b226e1400dd138a | Marshall_Islands | Under German control, and even before then, Japanese traders and fishermen from time to time visited the Marshall Islands, although contact with the islanders was irregular. After the Meiji Restoration (1868), the Japanese government adopted a policy of turning the Japanese Empire into a great economic and military power in East Asia. | Along with fishermen, what sort of Japanese people visited the Marshalls? | Along with fishermen, what sort of Japanese people visited the Marshalls? | [
"Along with fishermen, what sort of Japanese people visited the Marshalls?"
] | {
"text": [
"traders"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-373 | 56f95a919b226e1400dd138e | Marshall_Islands | In 1914, Japan joined the Entente during World War I and captured various German Empire colonies, including several in Micronesia. On September 29, 1914, Japanese troops occupied the Enewetak Atoll, and on September 30, 1914, the Jaluit Atoll, the administrative centre of the Marshall Islands. After the war, on June 28, 1919, Germany signed (under protest) the Treaty of Versailles. It renounced all of its Pacific possessions, including the Marshall Islands. On December 17, 1920, the Council of the League of Nations approved the South Pacific Mandate for Japan to take over all former German colonies in the Pacific Ocean located north of the Equator. The Administrative Centre of the Marshall Islands archipelago remained Jaluit. | On what date did the Japanese land on Enewetak? | On what date did the Japanese land on Enewetak? | [
"On what date did the Japanese land on Enewetak?"
] | {
"text": [
"September 29, 1914"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-374 | 56f95a919b226e1400dd138f | Marshall_Islands | In 1914, Japan joined the Entente during World War I and captured various German Empire colonies, including several in Micronesia. On September 29, 1914, Japanese troops occupied the Enewetak Atoll, and on September 30, 1914, the Jaluit Atoll, the administrative centre of the Marshall Islands. After the war, on June 28, 1919, Germany signed (under protest) the Treaty of Versailles. It renounced all of its Pacific possessions, including the Marshall Islands. On December 17, 1920, the Council of the League of Nations approved the South Pacific Mandate for Japan to take over all former German colonies in the Pacific Ocean located north of the Equator. The Administrative Centre of the Marshall Islands archipelago remained Jaluit. | What military alliance did the Japanese join in the First World War? | What military alliance did the Japanese join in the First World War? | [
"What military alliance did the Japanese join in the First World War?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Entente"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-375 | 56f95a919b226e1400dd1390 | Marshall_Islands | In 1914, Japan joined the Entente during World War I and captured various German Empire colonies, including several in Micronesia. On September 29, 1914, Japanese troops occupied the Enewetak Atoll, and on September 30, 1914, the Jaluit Atoll, the administrative centre of the Marshall Islands. After the war, on June 28, 1919, Germany signed (under protest) the Treaty of Versailles. It renounced all of its Pacific possessions, including the Marshall Islands. On December 17, 1920, the Council of the League of Nations approved the South Pacific Mandate for Japan to take over all former German colonies in the Pacific Ocean located north of the Equator. The Administrative Centre of the Marshall Islands archipelago remained Jaluit. | What did the Japanese occupy on September 30, 1914? | What did the Japanese occupy on September 30, 1914? | [
"What did the Japanese occupy on September 30, 1914?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Jaluit Atoll"
],
"answer_start": [
226
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-376 | 56f95a919b226e1400dd1391 | Marshall_Islands | In 1914, Japan joined the Entente during World War I and captured various German Empire colonies, including several in Micronesia. On September 29, 1914, Japanese troops occupied the Enewetak Atoll, and on September 30, 1914, the Jaluit Atoll, the administrative centre of the Marshall Islands. After the war, on June 28, 1919, Germany signed (under protest) the Treaty of Versailles. It renounced all of its Pacific possessions, including the Marshall Islands. On December 17, 1920, the Council of the League of Nations approved the South Pacific Mandate for Japan to take over all former German colonies in the Pacific Ocean located north of the Equator. The Administrative Centre of the Marshall Islands archipelago remained Jaluit. | On what date was the Treaty of Versailles signed? | On what date was the Treaty of Versailles signed? | [
"On what date was the Treaty of Versailles signed?"
] | {
"text": [
"June 28, 1919"
],
"answer_start": [
313
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-377 | 56f95a919b226e1400dd1392 | Marshall_Islands | In 1914, Japan joined the Entente during World War I and captured various German Empire colonies, including several in Micronesia. On September 29, 1914, Japanese troops occupied the Enewetak Atoll, and on September 30, 1914, the Jaluit Atoll, the administrative centre of the Marshall Islands. After the war, on June 28, 1919, Germany signed (under protest) the Treaty of Versailles. It renounced all of its Pacific possessions, including the Marshall Islands. On December 17, 1920, the Council of the League of Nations approved the South Pacific Mandate for Japan to take over all former German colonies in the Pacific Ocean located north of the Equator. The Administrative Centre of the Marshall Islands archipelago remained Jaluit. | When was the South Pacific Mandate for Japan approved? | When was the South Pacific Mandate for Japan approved? | [
"When was the South Pacific Mandate for Japan approved?"
] | {
"text": [
"December 17, 1920"
],
"answer_start": [
465
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-378 | 56f95b049e9bad19000a0871 | Marshall_Islands | The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to house it. During its years of colonial rule, Japan moved more than 1,000 Japanese to the Marshall Islands although they never outnumbered the indigenous peoples as they did in the Mariana Islands and Palau. | About how many Japanese emigrated to the Marshalls when it was a Japanese colony? | About how many Japanese emigrated to the Marshalls when it was a Japanese colony? | [
"About how many Japanese emigrated to the Marshalls when it was a Japanese colony?"
] | {
"text": [
"1,000"
],
"answer_start": [
386
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-379 | 56f95b049e9bad19000a0872 | Marshall_Islands | The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to house it. During its years of colonial rule, Japan moved more than 1,000 Japanese to the Marshall Islands although they never outnumbered the indigenous peoples as they did in the Mariana Islands and Palau. | What was the primary nature of Germany's interest in the Marshall Islands? | What was the primary nature of Germany's interest in the Marshall Islands? | [
"What was the primary nature of Germany's interest in the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"economic"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-380 | 56f95b049e9bad19000a0873 | Marshall_Islands | The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to house it. During its years of colonial rule, Japan moved more than 1,000 Japanese to the Marshall Islands although they never outnumbered the indigenous peoples as they did in the Mariana Islands and Palau. | What was the primary nature of Japan's interest in the Marshall Islands? | What was the primary nature of Japan's interest in the Marshall Islands? | [
"What was the primary nature of Japan's interest in the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"land"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-381 | 56f95b049e9bad19000a0874 | Marshall_Islands | The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to house it. During its years of colonial rule, Japan moved more than 1,000 Japanese to the Marshall Islands although they never outnumbered the indigenous peoples as they did in the Mariana Islands and Palau. | Along with the Mariana Islands, on what island were there more Japanese settlers than indigenous inhabitants? | Along with the Mariana Islands, on what island were there more Japanese settlers than indigenous inhabitants? | [
"Along with the Mariana Islands, on what island were there more Japanese settlers than indigenous inhabitants?"
] | {
"text": [
"Palau"
],
"answer_start": [
519
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-382 | 56f95b769e9bad19000a0879 | Marshall_Islands | The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up to the high water level was declared the property of the Japanese government. On the archipelago, before it banned foreign traders, the activities of Catholic and Protestant missionaries were allowed. Indigenous people were educated in Japanese schools, and studied Japanese language and Japanese culture. This policy was the government strategy not only in the Marshall Islands, but on all the other mandated territories in Micronesia. On March 27, 1933, Japan handed in its notice at the League of Nations, but continued to manage the islands, and in the late 1930s began building air bases on several atolls. The Marshall Islands were in an important geographical position, being the easternmost point in Japan's defensive ring at the beginning of World War II. | What was the traditional social organization of the Marshall Islanders? | What was the traditional social organization of the Marshall Islanders? | [
"What was the traditional social organization of the Marshall Islanders?"
] | {
"text": [
"Matrilineality"
],
"answer_start": [
196
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-383 | 56f95b769e9bad19000a087a | Marshall_Islands | The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up to the high water level was declared the property of the Japanese government. On the archipelago, before it banned foreign traders, the activities of Catholic and Protestant missionaries were allowed. Indigenous people were educated in Japanese schools, and studied Japanese language and Japanese culture. This policy was the government strategy not only in the Marshall Islands, but on all the other mandated territories in Micronesia. On March 27, 1933, Japan handed in its notice at the League of Nations, but continued to manage the islands, and in the late 1930s began building air bases on several atolls. The Marshall Islands were in an important geographical position, being the easternmost point in Japan's defensive ring at the beginning of World War II. | What system of social organization was used in Japan? | What system of social organization was used in Japan? | [
"What system of social organization was used in Japan?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Japanese Patriarchal system"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-384 | 56f95b769e9bad19000a087b | Marshall_Islands | The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up to the high water level was declared the property of the Japanese government. On the archipelago, before it banned foreign traders, the activities of Catholic and Protestant missionaries were allowed. Indigenous people were educated in Japanese schools, and studied Japanese language and Japanese culture. This policy was the government strategy not only in the Marshall Islands, but on all the other mandated territories in Micronesia. On March 27, 1933, Japan handed in its notice at the League of Nations, but continued to manage the islands, and in the late 1930s began building air bases on several atolls. The Marshall Islands were in an important geographical position, being the easternmost point in Japan's defensive ring at the beginning of World War II. | On what date did the Japanese leave the League of Nations? | On what date did the Japanese leave the League of Nations? | [
"On what date did the Japanese leave the League of Nations?"
] | {
"text": [
"March 27, 1933"
],
"answer_start": [
761
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-385 | 56f95b769e9bad19000a087c | Marshall_Islands | The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up to the high water level was declared the property of the Japanese government. On the archipelago, before it banned foreign traders, the activities of Catholic and Protestant missionaries were allowed. Indigenous people were educated in Japanese schools, and studied Japanese language and Japanese culture. This policy was the government strategy not only in the Marshall Islands, but on all the other mandated territories in Micronesia. On March 27, 1933, Japan handed in its notice at the League of Nations, but continued to manage the islands, and in the late 1930s began building air bases on several atolls. The Marshall Islands were in an important geographical position, being the easternmost point in Japan's defensive ring at the beginning of World War II. | What language were Marshall Islanders taught in schools while under Japanese colonial administration? | What language were Marshall Islanders taught in schools while under Japanese colonial administration? | [
"What language were Marshall Islanders taught in schools while under Japanese colonial administration?"
] | {
"text": [
"Japanese"
],
"answer_start": [
587
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-386 | 56f95b769e9bad19000a087d | Marshall_Islands | The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up to the high water level was declared the property of the Japanese government. On the archipelago, before it banned foreign traders, the activities of Catholic and Protestant missionaries were allowed. Indigenous people were educated in Japanese schools, and studied Japanese language and Japanese culture. This policy was the government strategy not only in the Marshall Islands, but on all the other mandated territories in Micronesia. On March 27, 1933, Japan handed in its notice at the League of Nations, but continued to manage the islands, and in the late 1930s began building air bases on several atolls. The Marshall Islands were in an important geographical position, being the easternmost point in Japan's defensive ring at the beginning of World War II. | Along with Protestants, missionaries from what denomination were allowed to operate in the Marshalls? | Along with Protestants, missionaries from what denomination were allowed to operate in the Marshalls? | [
"Along with Protestants, missionaries from what denomination were allowed to operate in the Marshalls?"
] | {
"text": [
"Catholic"
],
"answer_start": [
471
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-387 | 56f95bb59b226e1400dd13a2 | Marshall_Islands | In the months before the attack on Pearl Harbor, Kwajalein Atoll was the administrative center of the Japanese 6th Fleet Forces Service, whose task was the defense of the Marshall Islands. | What Japanese fleet was based in the Marshall Islands? | What Japanese fleet was based in the Marshall Islands? | [
"What Japanese fleet was based in the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"6th Fleet"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-388 | 56f95bb59b226e1400dd13a3 | Marshall_Islands | In the months before the attack on Pearl Harbor, Kwajalein Atoll was the administrative center of the Japanese 6th Fleet Forces Service, whose task was the defense of the Marshall Islands. | On what atoll was the 6th Fleet Forces Service based? | On what atoll was the 6th Fleet Forces Service based? | [
"On what atoll was the 6th Fleet Forces Service based?"
] | {
"text": [
"Kwajalein"
],
"answer_start": [
49
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-389 | 56f95bb59b226e1400dd13a4 | Marshall_Islands | In the months before the attack on Pearl Harbor, Kwajalein Atoll was the administrative center of the Japanese 6th Fleet Forces Service, whose task was the defense of the Marshall Islands. | What was the mission of the 6th Fleet Forces Service? | What was the mission of the 6th Fleet Forces Service? | [
"What was the mission of the 6th Fleet Forces Service?"
] | {
"text": [
"defense of the Marshall Islands"
],
"answer_start": [
156
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-390 | 56f95c439b226e1400dd13a8 | Marshall_Islands | In World War II, the United States, during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, invaded and occupied the islands in 1944, destroying or isolating the Japanese garrisons. In just one month in 1944, Americans captured Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak, and, in the next two months, the rest of the Marshall Islands, except for Wotje, Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit. | During what conflict did the US occupy the Marshall Islands? | During what conflict did the US occupy the Marshall Islands? | [
"During what conflict did the US occupy the Marshall Islands?"
] | {
"text": [
"World War II"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-391 | 56f95c439b226e1400dd13a9 | Marshall_Islands | In World War II, the United States, during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, invaded and occupied the islands in 1944, destroying or isolating the Japanese garrisons. In just one month in 1944, Americans captured Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak, and, in the next two months, the rest of the Marshall Islands, except for Wotje, Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit. | What was the name of the campaign in which the US occupied the Marshalls? | What was the name of the campaign in which the US occupied the Marshalls? | [
"What was the name of the campaign in which the US occupied the Marshalls?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign"
],
"answer_start": [
43
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-392 | 56f95c439b226e1400dd13aa | Marshall_Islands | In World War II, the United States, during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, invaded and occupied the islands in 1944, destroying or isolating the Japanese garrisons. In just one month in 1944, Americans captured Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak, and, in the next two months, the rest of the Marshall Islands, except for Wotje, Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit. | In what year did the United States occupy the Marshalls? | In what year did the United States occupy the Marshalls? | [
"In what year did the United States occupy the Marshalls?"
] | {
"text": [
"1944"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-393 | 56f95c439b226e1400dd13ab | Marshall_Islands | In World War II, the United States, during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, invaded and occupied the islands in 1944, destroying or isolating the Japanese garrisons. In just one month in 1944, Americans captured Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak, and, in the next two months, the rest of the Marshall Islands, except for Wotje, Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit. | How many months did it take for the US to occupy Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak? | How many months did it take for the US to occupy Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak? | [
"How many months did it take for the US to occupy Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak?"
] | {
"text": [
"one"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-394 | 56f95c439b226e1400dd13ac | Marshall_Islands | In World War II, the United States, during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, invaded and occupied the islands in 1944, destroying or isolating the Japanese garrisons. In just one month in 1944, Americans captured Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak, and, in the next two months, the rest of the Marshall Islands, except for Wotje, Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit. | Along with Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit, what parts of the Marshall Islands were not occupied in the first three months of the American campaign? | Along with Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit, what parts of the Marshall Islands were not occupied in the first three months of the American campaign? | [
"Along with Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit, what parts of the Marshall Islands were not occupied in the first three months of the American campaign?"
] | {
"text": [
"Wotje"
],
"answer_start": [
334
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-395 | 56f95ca49e9bad19000a088b | Marshall_Islands | The battle in the Marshall Islands caused irreparable damage, especially on Japanese bases. During the American bombing, the islands' population suffered from lack of food and various injuries. U.S. attacks started in mid-1943, and caused half the Japanese garrison of 5,100 people in the atoll Mili to die from hunger by August 1945. | In what year did American air attacks on the Marshalls begin? | In what year did American air attacks on the Marshalls begin? | [
"In what year did American air attacks on the Marshalls begin?"
] | {
"text": [
"1943"
],
"answer_start": [
222
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-396 | 56f95ca49e9bad19000a088c | Marshall_Islands | The battle in the Marshall Islands caused irreparable damage, especially on Japanese bases. During the American bombing, the islands' population suffered from lack of food and various injuries. U.S. attacks started in mid-1943, and caused half the Japanese garrison of 5,100 people in the atoll Mili to die from hunger by August 1945. | How large was the Japanese garrison on Mili? | How large was the Japanese garrison on Mili? | [
"How large was the Japanese garrison on Mili?"
] | {
"text": [
"5,100"
],
"answer_start": [
269
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-397 | 56f95ca49e9bad19000a088d | Marshall_Islands | The battle in the Marshall Islands caused irreparable damage, especially on Japanese bases. During the American bombing, the islands' population suffered from lack of food and various injuries. U.S. attacks started in mid-1943, and caused half the Japanese garrison of 5,100 people in the atoll Mili to die from hunger by August 1945. | What fraction of the Japanese garrison on Mili died due to hunger? | What fraction of the Japanese garrison on Mili died due to hunger? | [
"What fraction of the Japanese garrison on Mili died due to hunger?"
] | {
"text": [
"half"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-398 | 56f95ca49e9bad19000a088e | Marshall_Islands | The battle in the Marshall Islands caused irreparable damage, especially on Japanese bases. During the American bombing, the islands' population suffered from lack of food and various injuries. U.S. attacks started in mid-1943, and caused half the Japanese garrison of 5,100 people in the atoll Mili to die from hunger by August 1945. | Along with injuries, what suffering did the American bombing cause to the Marshall Islanders? | Along with injuries, what suffering did the American bombing cause to the Marshall Islanders? | [
"Along with injuries, what suffering did the American bombing cause to the Marshall Islanders?"
] | {
"text": [
"lack of food"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-399 | 56f95d2a9b226e1400dd13ba | Marshall_Islands | Following capture and occupation by the United States during World War II, the Marshall Islands, along with several other island groups located in Micronesia, passed formally to the United States under United Nations auspices in 1947 as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 21. | During what conflict did the US occupy the Marshalls? | During what conflict did the US occupy the Marshalls? | [
"During what conflict did the US occupy the Marshalls?"
] | {
"text": [
"World War II"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} |