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LJ050-0179 | Based on its experience during this period, the Secret Service now recommends that additional personnel be made available to PRS | Based on its experience during this period, the Secret Service now recommends that additional personnel be made available to PRS | null |
LJ050-0180 | so that these arrangements can be made permanent without adversely affecting the operations of the Service's field offices. | so that these arrangements can be made permanent without adversely affecting the operations of the Service's field offices. | null |
LJ050-0181 | The Commission regards this as a most useful innovation and urges that the practice be continued. | The Commission regards this as a most useful innovation and urges that the practice be continued. | null |
LJ050-0182 | Liaison With Local Law Enforcement Agencies | Liaison With Local Law Enforcement Agencies | null |
LJ050-0183 | Advice by the Secret Service to local police in metropolitan areas relating to the assistance expected in connection with a Presidential visit | Advice by the Secret Service to local police in metropolitan areas relating to the assistance expected in connection with a Presidential visit | null |
LJ050-0184 | has hitherto been handled on an informal basis. | has hitherto been handled on an informal basis. | null |
LJ050-0185 | The Service should consider preparing formal explanations of the cooperation anticipated during a Presidential visit to a city, | The Service should consider preparing formal explanations of the cooperation anticipated during a Presidential visit to a city, | null |
LJ050-0186 | in formats that can be communicated to each level of local authorities. | in formats that can be communicated to each level of local authorities. | null |
LJ050-0187 | Thus, the local chief of police could be given a master plan, prepared for the occasion, of all protective measures to be taken during the visit; | Thus, the local chief of police could be given a master plan, prepared for the occasion, of all protective measures to be taken during the visit; | null |
LJ050-0188 | each patrolman might be given a prepared booklet of instructions explaining what is expected of him. The Secret Service has expressed concern | each patrolman might be given a prepared booklet of instructions explaining what is expected of him. The Secret Service has expressed concern | null |
LJ050-0189 | that written instructions might come into the hands of local newspapers, to the prejudice of the precautions described. | that written instructions might come into the hands of local newspapers, to the prejudice of the precautions described. | null |
LJ050-0190 | However, the instructions must be communicated to the local police in any event and can be leaked to the press whether or not they are in writing. | However, the instructions must be communicated to the local police in any event and can be leaked to the press whether or not they are in writing. | null |
LJ050-0191 | More importantly, the lack of carefully prepared and carefully transmitted instructions for typical visits to cities | More importantly, the lack of carefully prepared and carefully transmitted instructions for typical visits to cities | null |
LJ050-0192 | can lead to lapses in protection, such as the confusion in Dallas about whether members of the public were permitted on overpasses. | can lead to lapses in protection, such as the confusion in Dallas about whether members of the public were permitted on overpasses. | null |
LJ050-0193 | Such instructions will not fit all circumstances, of course, | Such instructions will not fit all circumstances, of course, | null |
LJ050-0194 | and should not be relied upon to the detriment of the imaginative application of judgment in special cases. | and should not be relied upon to the detriment of the imaginative application of judgment in special cases. | null |
LJ050-0195 | Inspection of Buildings | Inspection of Buildings | null |
LJ050-0196 | Since the assassination of President Kennedy, the Secret Service has been experimenting with new techniques in the inspection of buildings along a motorcade route. | Since the assassination of President Kennedy, the Secret Service has been experimenting with new techniques in the inspection of buildings along a motorcade route. | null |
LJ050-0197 | According to Secretary Dillon, | According to Secretary Dillon, | null |
LJ050-0198 | the studies indicate that there is some utility in attempting to designate certain buildings as involving a higher risk than others. | the studies indicate that there is some utility in attempting to designate certain buildings as involving a higher risk than others. | null |
LJ050-0199 | The Commission strongly encourages these efforts to improve protection along a motorcade route. | The Commission strongly encourages these efforts to improve protection along a motorcade route. | null |
LJ050-0200 | The Secret Service should utilize the personnel of other Federal law enforcement offices | The Secret Service should utilize the personnel of other Federal law enforcement offices | null |
LJ050-0201 | in the locality to assure adequate manpower for this task, as it is now doing. | in the locality to assure adequate manpower for this task, as it is now doing. | null |
LJ050-0202 | Lack of adequate resources is an unacceptable excuse for failing to improve advance precautions | Lack of adequate resources is an unacceptable excuse for failing to improve advance precautions | null |
LJ050-0203 | in this crucial area of Presidential protection. | in this crucial area of Presidential protection. | null |
LJ050-0204 | Secret Service Personnel and Facilities | Secret Service Personnel and Facilities | null |
LJ050-0205 | Testimony and other evidence before the Commission | Testimony and other evidence before the Commission | null |
LJ050-0206 | suggest that the Secret Service is trying to accomplish its job with too few people and without adequate modern equipment. | suggest that the Secret Service is trying to accomplish its job with too few people and without adequate modern equipment. | null |
LJ050-0207 | Although Chief Rowley does not complain about the pay scale for Secret Service agents, | Although Chief Rowley does not complain about the pay scale for Secret Service agents, | null |
LJ050-0208 | salaries are below those of the FBI and leading municipal police forces. | salaries are below those of the FBI and leading municipal police forces. | null |
LJ050-0209 | The assistant to the Director of the FBI testified that | The assistant to the Director of the FBI testified that | null |
LJ050-0210 | the caseload of each FBI agent averaged 20 to 25, and he felt that this was high. | the caseload of each FBI agent averaged twenty to twenty-five, and he felt that this was high. | null |
LJ050-0211 | Chief Rowley testified that the present workload of each Secret Service agent averages 110.1 cases. | Chief Rowley testified that the present workload of each Secret Service agent averages one hundred ten point one cases. | null |
LJ050-0212 | While these statistics relate to the activities of Secret Service agents stationed in field offices and not the White House detail, | While these statistics relate to the activities of Secret Service agents stationed in field offices and not the White House detail, | null |
LJ050-0213 | field agents supplement those on the detail, particularly when the President is traveling. | field agents supplement those on the detail, particularly when the President is traveling. | null |
LJ050-0214 | Although the Commission does not know whether the cases involved are entirely comparable, | Although the Commission does not know whether the cases involved are entirely comparable, | null |
LJ050-0215 | these figures suggest that the agents of the Secret Service are substantially overworked. | these figures suggest that the agents of the Secret Service are substantially overworked. | null |
LJ050-0216 | In its budget request for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 1964, | In its budget request for the fiscal year beginning July one, nineteen sixty-four, | null |
LJ050-0217 | the Secret Service sought funds for 25 new positions, primarily in field offices. This increase has been approved by the Congress. | the Secret Service sought funds for twenty-five new positions, primarily in field offices. This increase has been approved by the Congress. | null |
LJ050-0218 | Chief Rowley explained that this would not provide enough additional manpower to take all the measures which he considers required. | Chief Rowley explained that this would not provide enough additional manpower to take all the measures which he considers required. | null |
LJ050-0219 | However, the 1964 to 65 budget request was submitted in November 1963 | However, the nineteen sixty-four to sixty-five budget request was submitted in November nineteen sixty-three | null |
LJ050-0220 | and requests for additional personnel were not made because of the studies then being conducted. | and requests for additional personnel were not made because of the studies then being conducted. | null |
LJ050-0221 | The Secret Service has now presented its recommendations to the Bureau of the Budget. The plan proposed by the Service | The Secret Service has now presented its recommendations to the Bureau of the Budget. The plan proposed by the Service | null |
LJ050-0222 | would take approximately 20 months to implement and require expenditures of approximately $3,000,000 during that period. | would take approximately twenty months to implement and require expenditures of approximately three million dollars during that period. | null |
LJ050-0223 | The plan provides for an additional 205 agents for the Secret Service. Seventeen of this number are proposed for the Protective Research Section; | The plan provides for an additional two hundred five agents for the Secret Service. Seventeen of this number are proposed for the Protective Research Section; | null |
LJ050-0224 | 145 are proposed for the field offices to handle the increased volume of security investigations | one hundred forty-five are proposed for the field offices to handle the increased volume of security investigations | null |
LJ050-0225 | and be available to protect the President or Vice President when they travel; | and be available to protect the President or Vice President when they travel; | null |
LJ050-0226 | 18 agents are proposed for a rotating pool which will go through an intensive training cycle and also be available to supplement the White House detail | eighteen agents are proposed for a rotating pool which will go through an intensive training cycle and also be available to supplement the White House detail | null |
LJ050-0227 | in case of unexpected need; and 25 additional agents are recommended to provide the Vice President full protection. | in case of unexpected need; and twenty-five additional agents are recommended to provide the Vice President full protection. | null |
LJ050-0228 | The Commission urges that the Bureau of the Budget review these recommendations with the Secret Service and authorize a request for the necessary supplemental appropriation, | The Commission urges that the Bureau of the Budget review these recommendations with the Secret Service and authorize a request for the necessary supplemental appropriation, | null |
LJ050-0229 | as soon as it can be justified. The Congress has often stressed that it will support any reasonable request for funds for the protection of the President. | as soon as it can be justified. The Congress has often stressed that it will support any reasonable request for funds for the protection of the President. | null |
LJ050-0230 | Manpower and Technical Assistance From Other Agencies | Manpower and Technical Assistance From Other Agencies | null |
LJ050-0231 | Before the assassination the Secret Service infrequently requested other Federal law enforcement agencies to provide personnel | Before the assassination the Secret Service infrequently requested other Federal law enforcement agencies to provide personnel | null |
LJ050-0232 | to assist in its protection functions. | to assist in its protection functions. | null |
LJ050-0233 | Since the assassination, the Service has experimented with the use of agents borrowed for short periods from such agencies. | Since the assassination, the Service has experimented with the use of agents borrowed for short periods from such agencies. | null |
LJ050-0234 | It has used other Treasury law enforcement agents on special experiments in building and route surveys in places to which the President frequently travels. | It has used other Treasury law enforcement agents on special experiments in building and route surveys in places to which the President frequently travels. | null |
LJ050-0235 | It has also used other Federal law enforcement agents during Presidential visits to cities in which such agents are stationed. | It has also used other Federal law enforcement agents during Presidential visits to cities in which such agents are stationed. | null |
LJ050-0236 | Thus, in the 4 months following the assassination, | Thus, in the four months following the assassination, | null |
LJ050-0237 | the FBI, on 16 separate occasions, supplied a total of 139 agents to assist in protection work during a Presidential visit, | the FBI, on sixteen separate occasions, supplied a total of one hundred thirty-nine agents to assist in protection work during a Presidential visit, | null |
LJ050-0238 | which represents a departure from its prior practice. | which represents a departure from its prior practice. | null |
LJ050-0239 | From February 11 through June 30, 1964, | From February eleven through June thirty, nineteen sixty-four, | null |
LJ050-0240 | the Service had the advantage of 9,500 hours of work by other enforcement agencies. | the Service had the advantage of nine thousand, five hundred hours of work by other enforcement agencies. | null |
LJ050-0241 | The FBI has indicated that it is willing to continue to make such assistance available, | The FBI has indicated that it is willing to continue to make such assistance available, | null |
LJ050-0242 | even though it agrees with the Secret Service that it is preferable for the Service to have enough agents to handle all protective demands. | even though it agrees with the Secret Service that it is preferable for the Service to have enough agents to handle all protective demands. | null |
LJ050-0243 | The Commission endorses these efforts to supplement the Service's own personnel by obtaining, for short periods of time, | The Commission endorses these efforts to supplement the Service's own personnel by obtaining, for short periods of time, | null |
LJ050-0244 | the assistance of trained Federal law enforcement officers. | the assistance of trained Federal law enforcement officers. | null |
LJ050-0245 | In view of the ever-increasing mobility of American Presidents, it seems unlikely that the Service could or should increase its own staff to a size | In view of the ever-increasing mobility of American Presidents, it seems unlikely that the Service could or should increase its own staff to a size | null |
LJ050-0246 | which would permit it to provide adequate protective manpower for all situations. | which would permit it to provide adequate protective manpower for all situations. | null |
LJ050-0247 | The Commission recommends that the agencies involved determine how much periodic assistance they can provide, and that each such agency | The Commission recommends that the agencies involved determine how much periodic assistance they can provide, and that each such agency | null |
LJ050-0248 | and the Secret Service enter into a formal agreement defining such arrangements. | and the Secret Service enter into a formal agreement defining such arrangements. | null |
LJ050-0249 | It may eventually be desirable to codify the practice in an Executive order. | It may eventually be desirable to codify the practice in an Executive order. | null |
LJ050-0250 | The Secret Service will be better able to plan its own long-range personnel requirements if it knows with reasonable certainty | The Secret Service will be better able to plan its own long-range personnel requirements if it knows with reasonable certainty | null |
LJ050-0251 | the amount of assistance that it can expect from other agencies. | the amount of assistance that it can expect from other agencies. | null |
LJ050-0252 | The occasional use of personnel from other Federal agencies to assist in protecting the President has a further advantage. It symbolizes the reality | The occasional use of personnel from other Federal agencies to assist in protecting the President has a further advantage. It symbolizes the reality | null |
LJ050-0253 | that the job of protecting the President has not been and cannot be exclusively the responsibility of the Secret Service. | that the job of protecting the President has not been and cannot be exclusively the responsibility of the Secret Service. | null |
LJ050-0254 | The Secret Service in the past has sometimes guarded its right to be acknowledged as the sole protector of the Chief Executive. | The Secret Service in the past has sometimes guarded its right to be acknowledged as the sole protector of the Chief Executive. | null |
LJ050-0255 | This no longer appears to be the case. | This no longer appears to be the case. | null |
LJ050-0256 | Protecting the President is a difficult and complex task which requires full use of the best resources of many parts of our Government. | Protecting the President is a difficult and complex task which requires full use of the best resources of many parts of our Government. | null |
LJ050-0257 | Recognition that the responsibility must be shared increases the likelihood that it will be met. | Recognition that the responsibility must be shared increases the likelihood that it will be met. | null |
LJ050-0258 | Much of the Secret Service work requires the development and use of highly sophisticated equipment, | Much of the Secret Service work requires the development and use of highly sophisticated equipment, | null |
LJ050-0259 | some of which must be specially designed to fit unique requirements. Even before the assassination, and to a far greater extent thereafter, | some of which must be specially designed to fit unique requirements. Even before the assassination, and to a far greater extent thereafter, | null |
LJ050-0260 | the Secret Service has been receiving full cooperation in scientific research and technological development | the Secret Service has been receiving full cooperation in scientific research and technological development | null |
LJ050-0261 | from many Government agencies including the Department of Defense and the President's Office of Science and Technology. | from many Government agencies including the Department of Defense and the President's Office of Science and Technology. | null |
LJ050-0262 | Even if the manpower and technological resources of the Secret Service are adequately augmented, | Even if the manpower and technological resources of the Secret Service are adequately augmented, | null |
LJ050-0263 | it will continue to rely in many respects upon the greater resources of the Office of Science and Technology and other agencies. | it will continue to rely in many respects upon the greater resources of the Office of Science and Technology and other agencies. | null |
LJ050-0264 | The Commission recommends that the present arrangements | The Commission recommends that the present arrangements | null |
LJ050-0265 | with the Office of Science and Technology and the other Federal agencies that have been so helpful to the Secret Service be placed on a permanent and formal basis. | with the Office of Science and Technology and the other Federal agencies that have been so helpful to the Secret Service be placed on a permanent and formal basis. | null |
LJ050-0266 | The exchange of letters dated August 31, 1964, | The exchange of letters dated August thirty-one, nineteen sixty-four, | null |
LJ050-0267 | between Secretary Dillon and Donald F. Hornig, Special Assistant to the President for Science and Technology, is a useful effort in the right direction. | between Secretary Dillon and Donald F. Hornig, Special Assistant to the President for Science and Technology, is a useful effort in the right direction. | null |
LJ050-0268 | The Service should negotiate a memorandum of understanding with each agency that has been assisting it and from which it can expect to need help in the future. | The Service should negotiate a memorandum of understanding with each agency that has been assisting it and from which it can expect to need help in the future. | null |
LJ050-0269 | The essential terms of such memoranda might well be embodied in an Executive order. | The essential terms of such memoranda might well be embodied in an Executive order. | null |
LJ050-0270 | This Commission can recommend no procedures for the future protection of our Presidents which will guarantee security. | This Commission can recommend no procedures for the future protection of our Presidents which will guarantee security. | null |
LJ050-0271 | The demands on the President in the execution of His responsibilities in today's world are so varied and complex | The demands on the President in the execution of His responsibilities in today's world are so varied and complex | null |
LJ050-0272 | and the traditions of the office in a democracy such as ours are so deep-seated as to preclude absolute security. | and the traditions of the office in a democracy such as ours are so deep-seated as to preclude absolute security. | null |
LJ050-0273 | The Commission has, however, from its examination of the facts of President Kennedy's assassination | The Commission has, however, from its examination of the facts of President Kennedy's assassination | null |
LJ050-0274 | made certain recommendations which it believes would, if adopted, | made certain recommendations which it believes would, if adopted, | null |
LJ050-0275 | materially improve upon the procedures in effect at the time of President Kennedy's assassination and result in a substantial lessening of the danger. | materially improve upon the procedures in effect at the time of President Kennedy's assassination and result in a substantial lessening of the danger. | null |
LJ050-0276 | As has been pointed out, the Commission has not resolved all the proposals which could be made. The Commission nevertheless is confident that, | As has been pointed out, the Commission has not resolved all the proposals which could be made. The Commission nevertheless is confident that, | null |
LJ050-0277 | with the active cooperation of the responsible agencies and with the understanding of the people of the United States in their demands upon their President, | with the active cooperation of the responsible agencies and with the understanding of the people of the United States in their demands upon their President, | null |
LJ050-0278 | the recommendations we have here suggested would greatly advance the security of the office without any impairment of our fundamental liberties. | the recommendations we have here suggested would greatly advance the security of the office without any impairment of our fundamental liberties. | null |