Datasets:

SkAndMl

/

CPTAlgoML

like 1

There is a square painted on a piece of paper, the square's side equals n meters. John Doe draws crosses on the square's perimeter. John paints the first cross in the lower left corner of the square. Then John moves along the square's perimeter in the clockwise direction (first upwards, then to the right, then downwards, then to the left and so on). Every time he walks (n + 1) meters, he draws a cross (see picture for clarifications).John Doe stops only when the lower left corner of the square has two crosses. How many crosses will John draw? The figure shows the order in which John draws crosses for a square with side 4. The lower left square has two crosses. Overall John paints 17 crosses.

Input: ['34 8 100'] Output:['1733401']

One day the Codeforces round author sat exams. He had n exams and he needed to get an integer from 2 to 5 for each exam. He will have to re-sit each failed exam, i.e. the exam that gets mark 2. The author would need to spend too much time and effort to make the sum of his marks strictly more than k. That could have spoilt the Codeforces round. On the other hand, if the sum of his marks is strictly less than k, the author's mum won't be pleased at all. The Codeforces authors are very smart and they always get the mark they choose themselves. Also, the Codeforces authors just hate re-sitting exams. Help the author and find the minimum number of exams he will have to re-sit if he passes the exams in the way that makes the sum of marks for all n exams equal exactly k.

Input: ['4 8'] Output:['4']

John Doe has a list of all Fibonacci numbers modulo 1013. This list is infinite, it starts with numbers 0 and 1. Each number in the list, apart from the first two, is a sum of previous two modulo 1013. That is, John's list is made from the Fibonacci numbers' list by replacing each number there by the remainder when divided by 1013. John got interested in number f (0 ≤ f < 1013) and now wants to find its first occurrence in the list given above. Help John and find the number of the first occurence of number f in the list or otherwise state that number f does not occur in the list. The numeration in John's list starts from zero. There, the 0-th position is the number 0, the 1-st position is the number 1, the 2-nd position is the number 1, the 3-rd position is the number 2, the 4-th position is the number 3 and so on. Thus, the beginning of the list looks like this: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, ...

Input: ['13'] Output:['7']

Hamming distance between strings a and b of equal length (denoted by h(a, b)) is equal to the number of distinct integers i (1 ≤ i ≤ |a|), such that ai ≠ bi, where ai is the i-th symbol of string a, bi is the i-th symbol of string b. For example, the Hamming distance between strings "aba" and "bba" equals 1, they have different first symbols. For strings "bbba" and "aaab" the Hamming distance equals 4.John Doe had a paper on which four strings of equal length s1, s2, s3 and s4 were written. Each string si consisted only of lowercase letters "a" and "b". John found the Hamming distances between all pairs of strings he had. Then he lost the paper with the strings but he didn't lose the Hamming distances between all pairs.Help John restore the strings; find some four strings s'1, s'2, s'3, s'4 of equal length that consist only of lowercase letters "a" and "b", such that the pairwise Hamming distances between them are the same as between John's strings. More formally, set s'i must satisfy the condition . To make the strings easier to put down on a piece of paper, you should choose among all suitable sets of strings the one that has strings of minimum length.

Input: ['4 4 44 44'] Output:['6aaaabbaabbaabbaaaabbbbbb']

John Doe has four arrays: a, b, k, and p. Each array consists of n integers. Elements of all arrays are indexed starting from 1. Array p is a permutation of integers 1 to n.John invented a game for his friends and himself. Initially a player is given array a. The player must consecutively execute exactly u operations on a. You are permitted to execute the following operations: Operation 1: For each change ai into . Expression means applying the operation of a bitwise xor to numbers x and y. The given operation exists in all modern programming languages, for example, in language C++ and Java it is marked as "^", in Pascal — as "xor". Operation 2: For each change ai into api + r. When this operation is executed, all changes are made at the same time. After all u operations are applied, the number of points the player gets is determined by the formula . John wants to find out what maximum number of points a player can win in his game. Help him.

Input: ['3 2 17 7 78 8 81 2 31 3 2'] Output:['96']

In Berland the opposition is going to arrange mass walking on the boulevard. The boulevard consists of n tiles that are lain in a row and are numbered from 1 to n from right to left. The opposition should start walking on the tile number 1 and the finish on the tile number n. During the walk it is allowed to move from right to left between adjacent tiles in a row, and jump over a tile. More formally, if you are standing on the tile number i (i < n - 1), you can reach the tiles number i + 1 or the tile number i + 2 from it (if you stand on the tile number n - 1, you can only reach tile number n). We can assume that all the opposition movements occur instantaneously.In order to thwart an opposition rally, the Berland bloody regime organized the rain. The tiles on the boulevard are of poor quality and they are rapidly destroyed in the rain. We know that the i-th tile is destroyed after ai days of rain (on day ai tile isn't destroyed yet, and on day ai + 1 it is already destroyed). Of course, no one is allowed to walk on the destroyed tiles! So the walk of the opposition is considered thwarted, if either the tile number 1 is broken, or the tile number n is broken, or it is impossible to reach the tile number n from the tile number 1 if we can walk on undestroyed tiles.The opposition wants to gather more supporters for their walk. Therefore, the more time they have to pack, the better. Help the opposition to calculate how much time they still have and tell us for how many days the walk from the tile number 1 to the tile number n will be possible.

Input: ['410 3 5 10'] Output:['5']

As you very well know, this year's funkiest numbers are so called triangular numbers (that is, integers that are representable as , where k is some positive integer), and the coolest numbers are those that are representable as a sum of two triangular numbers.A well-known hipster Andrew adores everything funky and cool but unfortunately, he isn't good at maths. Given number n, help him define whether this number can be represented by a sum of two triangular numbers (not necessarily different)!

Input: ['256'] Output:['YES']

It is dark times in Berland. Berlyand opposition, funded from a neighboring state, has organized a demonstration in Berland capital Bertown. Through the work of intelligence we know that the demonstrations are planned to last for k days.Fortunately, Berland has a special police unit, which can save the country. It has exactly n soldiers numbered from 1 to n. Berland general, the commander of the detachment, must schedule the detachment's work in these difficult k days. In each of these days, the general must send a certain number of police officers to disperse riots. Since the detachment is large and the general is not very smart, he can only select a set of all soldiers numbered from l to r, inclusive, where l and r are selected arbitrarily.Now the general has exactly two problems. First, he cannot send the same group twice — then soldiers get bored and they rebel. Second, not all soldiers are equally reliable. Every soldier has a reliability of ai. The reliability of the detachment is counted as the sum of reliabilities of soldiers in it. The reliability of a single soldier can be negative, then when you include him in the detachment, he will only spoil things. The general is distinguished by his great greed and shortsightedness, so each day he sends to the dissolution the most reliable group of soldiers possible (that is, of all the groups that have not been sent yet).The Berland Government has decided to know what would be the minimum reliability of the detachment, sent to disperse the demonstrations during these k days. The general himself can not cope with such a difficult task. Help him to not embarrass himself in front of his superiors!

Input: ['3 41 4 2'] Output:['4']

Berland is very concerned with privacy, so almost all plans and blueprints are secret. However, a spy of the neighboring state managed to steal the Bertown subway scheme.The Bertown Subway has n stations, numbered from 1 to n, and m bidirectional tunnels connecting them. All Bertown Subway consists of lines. To be more precise, there are two types of lines: circular and radial.A radial line is a sequence of stations v1, ..., vk (k > 1), where stations vi and vi + 1 (i < k) are connected by a tunnel and no station occurs in the line more than once (vi ≠ vj for i ≠ j).A loop line is a series of stations, v1, ..., vk (k > 2), where stations vi и vi + 1 are connected by a tunnel. In addition, stations v1 and vk are also connected by a tunnel. No station is occurs in the loop line more than once.Note that a single station can be passed by any number of lines.According to Berland standards, there can't be more than one tunnel between two stations and each tunnel belongs to exactly one line. Naturally, each line has at least one tunnel. Between any two stations there is the way along the subway tunnels. In addition, in terms of graph theory, a subway is a vertex cactus: if we consider the subway as a graph in which the stations are the vertexes and the edges are tunnels, then each vertex lies on no more than one simple cycle.Unfortunately, scheme, stolen by the spy, had only the stations and the tunnels. It was impossible to determine to which line every tunnel corresponds. But to sabotage successfully, the spy needs to know what minimum and maximum number of lines may be in the Bertown subway.Help him!

Input: ['3 31 22 33 1'] Output:['1 3']

In the capital city of Berland, Bertown, demonstrations are against the recent election of the King of Berland. Berland opposition, led by Mr. Ovalny, believes that the elections were not fair enough and wants to organize a demonstration at one of the squares.Bertown has n squares, numbered from 1 to n, they are numbered in the order of increasing distance between them and the city center. That is, square number 1 is central, and square number n is the farthest from the center. Naturally, the opposition wants to hold a meeting as close to the city center as possible (that is, they want an square with the minimum number).There are exactly k (k < n) days left before the demonstration. Now all squares are free. But the Bertown city administration never sleeps, and the approval of an application for the demonstration threatens to become a very complex process. The process of approval lasts several days, but every day the following procedure takes place: The opposition shall apply to hold a demonstration at a free square (the one which isn't used by the administration). The administration tries to move the demonstration to the worst free square left. To do this, the administration organizes some long-term activities on the square, which is specified in the application of opposition. In other words, the administration starts using the square and it is no longer free. Then the administration proposes to move the opposition demonstration to the worst free square. If the opposition has applied for the worst free square then request is accepted and administration doesn't spend money. If the administration does not have enough money to organize an event on the square in question, the opposition's application is accepted. If administration doesn't have enough money to organize activity, then rest of administration's money spends and application is accepted If the application is not accepted, then the opposition can agree to the administration's proposal (that is, take the worst free square), or withdraw the current application and submit another one the next day. If there are no more days left before the meeting, the opposition has no choice but to agree to the proposal of City Hall. If application is accepted opposition can reject it. It means than opposition still can submit more applications later, but square remains free. In order to organize an event on the square i, the administration needs to spend ai bourles. Because of the crisis the administration has only b bourles to confront the opposition. What is the best square that the opposition can take, if the administration will keep trying to occupy the square in question each time? Note that the administration's actions always depend only on the actions of the opposition.

Input: ['5 282 4 5 3 1'] Output:['2']

One day Vasya heard a story: "In the city of High Bertown a bus number 62 left from the bus station. It had n grown-ups and m kids..."The latter events happen to be of no importance to us. Vasya is an accountant and he loves counting money. So he wondered what maximum and minimum sum of money these passengers could have paid for the ride.The bus fare equals one berland ruble in High Bertown. However, not everything is that easy — no more than one child can ride for free with each grown-up passenger. That means that a grown-up passenger who rides with his k (k > 0) children, pays overall k rubles: a ticket for himself and (k - 1) tickets for his children. Also, a grown-up can ride without children, in this case he only pays one ruble.We know that in High Bertown children can't ride in a bus unaccompanied by grown-ups.Help Vasya count the minimum and the maximum sum in Berland rubles, that all passengers of this bus could have paid in total.

Input: ['1 2'] Output:['2 2']

You have two positive integers w and h. Your task is to count the number of rhombi which have the following properties: Have positive area. With vertices at integer points. All vertices of the rhombi are located inside or on the border of the rectangle with vertices at points (0, 0), (w, 0), (w, h), (0, h). In other words, for all vertices (xi, yi) of the rhombus the following conditions should fulfill: 0 ≤ xi ≤ w and 0 ≤ yi ≤ h. Its diagonals are parallel to the axis. Count the number of such rhombi.Let us remind you that a rhombus is a quadrilateral whose four sides all have the same length.

Input: ['2 2'] Output:['1']

Polycarpus has a ribbon, its length is n. He wants to cut the ribbon in a way that fulfils the following two conditions: After the cutting each ribbon piece should have length a, b or c. After the cutting the number of ribbon pieces should be maximum. Help Polycarpus and find the number of ribbon pieces after the required cutting.

Input: ['5 5 3 2'] Output:['2']

Least common multiple (LCM) of two numbers is the smallest positive integer which is divisible by both of them. You are given integers a and b. Calculate their LCM.

Input: ['10 42'] Output:['210']

The story was not finished as PMP thought. God offered him one more chance to reincarnate and come back to life. But before he can come back, God told him that PMP should ask n great men including prominent programmers about their life experiences.The men are standing on a straight line. They are numbered 1 through n from left to right. The coordinate of the i-th man is xi (xi < xi + 1, i < n). PMP should visit all these people one by one in arbitrary order. Each men should be visited exactly once. At the beginning of his tour, he starts at location of s-th man and asks him about his experiences.Each time PMP wants to change his location, he should give a ticket to an angel and the angel carries him to his destination. Angels take PMP from one location, fly to his destination and put him down there. Nobody else is visited in this movement. Moving from i-th man to j-th man, takes |xi - xj| time. PMP can get back to life as soon as he visits all men.There are two types of angels: Some angels are going to the right and they only accept right tickets. Others are going the left and they only accept left tickets. There are an unlimited number of angels of each type. PMP has l left tickets and n - 1 - l right tickets.PMP wants to get back to life as soon as possible to be able to compete in this year's final instead of the final he missed last year. He wants to know the quickest way to visit all the men exactly once. He also needs to know the exact sequence moves he should make.

Input: ['5 2 20 10 11 21 22'] Output:['331 3 5 4']

Happy PMP is freshman and he is learning about algorithmic problems. He enjoys playing algorithmic games a lot.One of the seniors gave Happy PMP a nice game. He is given two permutations of numbers 1 through n and is asked to convert the first one to the second. In one move he can remove the last number from the permutation of numbers and inserts it back in an arbitrary position. He can either insert last number between any two consecutive numbers, or he can place it at the beginning of the permutation.Happy PMP has an algorithm that solves the problem. But it is not fast enough. He wants to know the minimum number of moves to convert the first permutation to the second.

Input: ['33 2 11 2 3'] Output:['2']

Each year in the castle of Dwarven King there is a competition in growing mushrooms among the dwarves. The competition is one of the most prestigious ones, and the winner gets a wooden salad bowl. This year's event brought together the best mushroom growers from around the world, so we had to slightly change the rules so that the event gets more interesting to watch.Each mushroom grower has a mushroom that he will grow on the competition. Under the new rules, the competition consists of two parts. The first part lasts t1 seconds and the second part lasts t2 seconds. The first and the second part are separated by a little break.After the starting whistle the first part of the contest starts, and all mushroom growers start growing mushrooms at once, each at his individual speed of vi meters per second. After t1 seconds, the mushroom growers stop growing mushrooms and go to have a break. During the break, for unexplained reasons, the growth of all mushrooms is reduced by k percent. After the break the second part of the contest starts and all mushrooms growers at the same time continue to grow mushrooms, each at his individual speed of ui meters per second. After a t2 seconds after the end of the break, the competition ends. Note that the speeds before and after the break may vary.Before the match dwarf Pasha learned from all participants, what two speeds they have chosen. However, the participants did not want to disclose to him all their strategy and therefore, did not say in what order they will be using these speeds. That is, if a participant chose speeds ai and bi, then there are two strategies: he either uses speed ai before the break and speed bi after it, or vice versa.Dwarf Pasha really wants to win the totalizer. He knows that each participant chooses the strategy that maximizes the height of the mushroom. Help Dwarf Pasha make the final table of competition results.The participants are sorted in the result table by the mushroom height (the participants with higher mushrooms follow earlier in the table). In case of equal mushroom heights, the participants are sorted by their numbers (the participants with a smaller number follow earlier).

Input: ['2 3 3 502 44 2'] Output:['1 15.002 15.00']

Imagine the Cartesian coordinate system. There are k different points containing subway stations. One can get from any subway station to any one instantly. That is, the duration of the transfer between any two subway stations can be considered equal to zero. You are allowed to travel only between subway stations, that is, you are not allowed to leave the subway somewhere in the middle of your path, in-between the stations. There are n dwarves, they are represented by their coordinates on the plane. The dwarves want to come together and watch a soap opera at some integer point on the plane. For that, they choose the gathering point and start moving towards it simultaneously. In one second a dwarf can move from point (x, y) to one of the following points: (x - 1, y), (x + 1, y), (x, y - 1), (x, y + 1). Besides, the dwarves can use the subway as many times as they want (the subway transfers the dwarves instantly). The dwarves do not interfere with each other as they move (that is, the dwarves move simultaneously and independently from each other). Help the dwarves and find the minimum time they need to gather at one point.

Input: ['1 02 -2'] Output:['0']

The Great Mushroom King descended to the dwarves, but not everyone managed to see him. Only the few chosen ones could see the King.We know that only LCM(k2l + 1, k2l + 1 + 1, ..., k2r + 1) dwarves can see the Great Mushroom King. Numbers k, l, r are chosen by the Great Mushroom King himself in some complicated manner which is unclear to common dwarves. The dwarven historians decided to document all visits of the Great Mushroom King. For each visit the dwarven historians know three integers ki, li, ri, chosen by the Great Mushroom King for this visit. They also know a prime number pi. Help them to count the remainder of dividing the number of dwarves who can see the King, by number pi, for each visit.

Input: ['23 1 10 25 0 4 3'] Output:['00']

As you very well know, the whole Universe traditionally uses three-dimensional Cartesian system of coordinates. In this system each point corresponds to three real coordinates (x, y, z). In this coordinate system, the distance between the center of the Universe and the point is calculated by the following formula: . Mushroom scientists that work for the Great Mushroom King think that the Universe isn't exactly right and the distance from the center of the Universe to a point equals xa·yb·zc.To test the metric of mushroom scientists, the usual scientists offered them a task: find such x, y, z (0 ≤ x, y, z; x + y + z ≤ S), that the distance between the center of the Universe and the point (x, y, z) is maximum possible in the metric of mushroom scientists. The mushroom scientists aren't good at maths, so they commissioned you to do the task.Note that in this problem, it is considered that 00 = 1.

Input: ['31 1 1'] Output:['1.0 1.0 1.0']

Dwarfs have planted a very interesting plant, which is a triangle directed "upwards". This plant has an amusing feature. After one year a triangle plant directed "upwards" divides into four triangle plants: three of them will point "upwards" and one will point "downwards". After another year, each triangle plant divides into four triangle plants: three of them will be directed in the same direction as the parent plant, and one of them will be directed in the opposite direction. Then each year the process repeats. The figure below illustrates this process. Help the dwarfs find out how many triangle plants that point "upwards" will be in n years.

Input: ['1'] Output:['3']

The prestigious Codeforces kindergarten consists of n kids, numbered 1 through n. Each of them are given allowance in rubles by their parents.Today, they are going to the most famous candy shop in the town. The shop sells candies in packages: for all i between 1 and m, inclusive, it sells a package containing exactly i candies. A candy costs one ruble, so a package containing x candies costs x rubles.The kids will purchase candies in turns, starting from kid 1. In a single turn, kid i will purchase one candy package. Due to the highly competitive nature of Codeforces kindergarten, during a turn, the number of candies contained in the package purchased by the kid will always be strictly greater than the number of candies contained in the package purchased by the kid in the preceding turn (an exception is in the first turn: the first kid may purchase any package). Then, the turn proceeds to kid i + 1, or to kid 1 if it was kid n's turn. This process can be ended at any time, but at the end of the purchase process, all the kids must have the same number of candy packages. Of course, the amount spent by each kid on the candies cannot exceed their allowance.You work at the candy shop and would like to prepare the candies for the kids. Print the maximum number of candies that can be sold by the candy shop to the kids. If the kids cannot purchase any candy (due to insufficient allowance), print 0.

Input: ['2 5510'] Output:['13']

You are going to work in Codeforces as an intern in a team of n engineers, numbered 1 through n. You want to give each engineer a souvenir: a T-shirt from your country (T-shirts are highly desirable in Codeforces). Unfortunately you don't know the size of the T-shirt each engineer fits in. There are m different sizes, numbered 1 through m, and each engineer will fit in a T-shirt of exactly one size.You don't know the engineers' exact sizes, so you asked your friend, Gerald. Unfortunately, he wasn't able to obtain the exact sizes either, but he managed to obtain for each engineer i and for all sizes j, the probability that the size of the T-shirt that fits engineer i is j.Since you're planning to give each engineer one T-shirt, you are going to bring with you exactly n T-shirts. For those n T-shirts, you can bring any combination of sizes (you can bring multiple T-shirts with the same size too!). You don't know the sizes of T-shirts for each engineer when deciding what sizes to bring, so you have to pick this combination based only on the probabilities given by your friend, Gerald. Your task is to maximize the expected number of engineers that receive a T-shirt of his size. This is defined more formally as follows. When you finally arrive at the office, you will ask each engineer his T-shirt size. Then, if you still have a T-shirt of that size, you will give him one of them. Otherwise, you don't give him a T-shirt. You will ask the engineers in order starting from engineer 1, then engineer 2, and so on until engineer n.

Input: ['2 2500 500500 500'] Output:['1.500000000000']

The Zoo in the Grid Kingdom is represented by an infinite grid. The Zoo has n observation binoculars located at the OX axis. For each i between 1 and n, inclusive, there exists a single binocular located at the point with coordinates (i, 0). There are m flamingos in the Zoo, located at points with positive coordinates. The flamingos are currently sleeping and you can assume that they don't move.In order to get a good view over the flamingos, each of the binoculars can be independently rotated to face any angle (not necessarily integer). Then, the binocular can be used to observe all flamingos that is located at the straight line passing through the binocular at the angle it is set. In other words, you can assign each binocular a direction corresponding to any straight line passing through the binocular, and the binocular will be able to see all flamingos located on that line.Today, some kids from the prestigious Codeforces kindergarten went on a Field Study to the Zoo. Their teacher would like to set each binocular an angle to maximize the number of flamingos that can be seen by the binocular. The teacher is very interested in the sum of these values over all binoculars. Please help him find this sum.

Input: ['5 52 14 13 24 34 4'] Output:['11']

Sensation, sensation in the two-dimensional kingdom! The police have caught a highly dangerous outlaw, member of the notorious "Pihters" gang. The law department states that the outlaw was driving from the gang's headquarters in his car when he crashed into an ice cream stall. The stall, the car, and the headquarters each occupies exactly one point on the two-dimensional kingdom.The outlaw's car was equipped with a GPS transmitter. The transmitter showed that the car made exactly n movements on its way from the headquarters to the stall. A movement can move the car from point (x, y) to one of these four points: to point (x - 1, y) which we will mark by letter "L", to point (x + 1, y) — "R", to point (x, y - 1) — "D", to point (x, y + 1) — "U".The GPS transmitter is very inaccurate and it doesn't preserve the exact sequence of the car's movements. Instead, it keeps records of the car's possible movements. Each record is a string of one of these types: "UL", "UR", "DL", "DR" or "ULDR". Each such string means that the car made a single movement corresponding to one of the characters of the string. For example, string "UL" means that the car moved either "U", or "L".You've received the journal with the outlaw's possible movements from the headquarters to the stall. The journal records are given in a chronological order. Given that the ice-cream stall is located at point (0, 0), your task is to print the number of different points that can contain the gang headquarters (that is, the number of different possible locations of the car's origin).

Input: ['3URULULDR'] Output:['9']

Vasya has recently learned at school what a number's divisor is and decided to determine a string's divisor. Here is what he came up with.String a is the divisor of string b if and only if there exists a positive integer x such that if we write out string a consecutively x times, we get string b. For example, string "abab" has two divisors — "ab" and "abab".Now Vasya wants to write a program that calculates the number of common divisors of two strings. Please help him.

Input: ['abcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcd'] Output:['2']

And here goes another problem on arrays. You are given positive integer len and array a which consists of n integers a1, a2, ..., an. Let's introduce two characteristics for the given array. Let's consider an arbitrary interval of the array with length len, starting in position i. Value , is the modular sum on the chosen interval. In other words, the modular sum is the sum of integers on the chosen interval with length len, taken in its absolute value. Value is the optimal sum of the array. In other words, the optimal sum of an array is the maximum of all modular sums on various intervals of array with length len. Your task is to calculate the optimal sum of the given array a. However, before you do the calculations, you are allowed to produce no more than k consecutive operations of the following form with this array: one operation means taking an arbitrary number from array ai and multiply it by -1. In other words, no more than k times you are allowed to take an arbitrary number ai from the array and replace it with  - ai. Each number of the array is allowed to choose an arbitrary number of times.Your task is to calculate the maximum possible optimal sum of the array after at most k operations described above are completed.

Input: ['5 30 -2 3 -5 12'] Output:['10']

You are given n points on a plane. All points are different.Find the number of different groups of three points (A, B, C) such that point B is the middle of segment AC. The groups of three points are considered unordered, that is, if point B is the middle of segment AC, then groups (A, B, C) and (C, B, A) are considered the same.

Input: ['31 12 23 3'] Output:['1']

The Berland capital is shaken with three bold crimes committed by the Pihsters, a notorious criminal gang.The Berland capital's map is represented by an n × m rectangular table. Each cell of the table on the map represents some districts of the capital. The capital's main detective Polycarpus took a map and marked there the districts where the first three robberies had been committed as asterisks. Deduction tells Polycarpus that the fourth robbery will be committed in such district, that all four robbed districts will form the vertices of some rectangle, parallel to the sides of the map. Polycarpus is good at deduction but he's hopeless at math. So he asked you to find the district where the fourth robbery will be committed.

Input: ['3 2.*..**'] Output:['1 1']

Students of group 199 have written their lectures dismally. Now an exam on Mathematical Analysis is approaching and something has to be done asap (that is, quickly). Let's number the students of the group from 1 to n. Each student i (1 ≤ i ≤ n) has a best friend p[i] (1 ≤ p[i] ≤ n). In fact, each student is a best friend of exactly one student. In other words, all p[i] are different. It is possible that the group also has some really "special individuals" for who i = p[i].Each student wrote exactly one notebook of lecture notes. We know that the students agreed to act by the following algorithm: on the first day of revising each student studies his own Mathematical Analysis notes, in the morning of each following day each student gives the notebook to his best friend and takes a notebook from the student who calls him the best friend. Thus, on the second day the student p[i] (1 ≤ i ≤ n) studies the i-th student's notes, on the third day the notes go to student p[p[i]] and so on. Due to some characteristics of the boys' friendship (see paragraph 1), each day each student has exactly one notebook to study.You are given two sequences that describe the situation on the third and fourth days of revising: a1, a2, ..., an, where ai means the student who gets the i-th student's notebook on the third day of revising; b1, b2, ..., bn, where bi means the student who gets the i-th student's notebook on the fourth day of revising. You do not know array p, that is you do not know who is the best friend to who. Write a program that finds p by the given sequences a and b.

Input: ['42 1 4 33 4 2 1'] Output:['4 3 1 2 ']

Let's imagine that you're playing the following simple computer game. The screen displays n lined-up cubes. Each cube is painted one of m colors. You are allowed to delete not more than k cubes (that do not necessarily go one after another). After that, the remaining cubes join together (so that the gaps are closed) and the system counts the score. The number of points you score equals to the length of the maximum sequence of cubes of the same color that follow consecutively. Write a program that determines the maximum possible number of points you can score.Remember, you may delete no more than k any cubes. It is allowed not to delete cubes at all.

Input: ['10 3 21 2 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 2'] Output:['4']

Everything got unclear to us in a far away constellation Tau Ceti. Specifically, the Taucetians choose names to their children in a very peculiar manner.Two young parents abac and bbad think what name to give to their first-born child. They decided that the name will be the permutation of letters of string s. To keep up with the neighbours, they decided to call the baby so that the name was lexicographically strictly larger than the neighbour's son's name t.On the other hand, they suspect that a name tax will be introduced shortly. According to it, the Taucetians with lexicographically larger names will pay larger taxes. That's the reason abac and bbad want to call the newborn so that the name was lexicographically strictly larger than name t and lexicographically minimum at that.The lexicographical order of strings is the order we are all used to, the "dictionary" order. Such comparison is used in all modern programming languages to compare strings. Formally, a string p of length n is lexicographically less than string q of length m, if one of the two statements is correct: n < m, and p is the beginning (prefix) of string q (for example, "aba" is less than string "abaa"), p1 = q1, p2 = q2, ..., pk - 1 = qk - 1, pk < qk for some k (1 ≤ k ≤ min(n, m)), here characters in strings are numbered starting from 1. Write a program that, given string s and the heighbours' child's name t determines the string that is the result of permutation of letters in s. The string should be lexicographically strictly more than t and also, lexicographically minimum.

Input: ['aadaac'] Output:['aad']

Vasya studies divisibility rules at school. Here are some of them: Divisibility by 2. A number is divisible by 2 if and only if its last digit is divisible by 2 or in other words, is even. Divisibility by 3. A number is divisible by 3 if and only if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3. Divisibility by 4. A number is divisible by 4 if and only if its last two digits form a number that is divisible by 4. Divisibility by 5. A number is divisible by 5 if and only if its last digit equals 5 or 0. Divisibility by 6. A number is divisible by 6 if and only if it is divisible by 2 and 3 simultaneously (that is, if the last digit is even and the sum of all digits is divisible by 3). Divisibility by 7. Vasya doesn't know such divisibility rule. Divisibility by 8. A number is divisible by 8 if and only if its last three digits form a number that is divisible by 8. Divisibility by 9. A number is divisible by 9 if and only if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9. Divisibility by 10. A number is divisible by 10 if and only if its last digit is a zero. Divisibility by 11. A number is divisible by 11 if and only if the sum of digits on its odd positions either equals to the sum of digits on the even positions, or they differ in a number that is divisible by 11.Vasya got interested by the fact that some divisibility rules resemble each other. In fact, to check a number's divisibility by 2, 4, 5, 8 and 10 it is enough to check fulfiling some condition for one or several last digits. Vasya calls such rules the 2-type rules.If checking divisibility means finding a sum of digits and checking whether the sum is divisible by the given number, then Vasya calls this rule the 3-type rule (because it works for numbers 3 and 9).If we need to find the difference between the sum of digits on odd and even positions and check whether the difference is divisible by the given divisor, this rule is called the 11-type rule (it works for number 11).In some cases we should divide the divisor into several factors and check whether rules of different types (2-type, 3-type or 11-type) work there. For example, for number 6 we check 2-type and 3-type rules, for number 66 we check all three types. Such mixed divisibility rules are called 6-type rules. And finally, there are some numbers for which no rule works: neither 2-type, nor 3-type, nor 11-type, nor 6-type. The least such number is number 7, so we'll say that in such cases the mysterious 7-type rule works, the one that Vasya hasn't discovered yet. Vasya's dream is finding divisibility rules for all possible numbers. He isn't going to stop on the decimal numbers only. As there are quite many numbers, ha can't do it all by himself. Vasya asked you to write a program that determines the divisibility rule type in the b-based notation for the given divisor d.

Input: ['10 10'] Output:['2-type1']

The Smart Beaver from ABBYY began to develop a new educational game for children. The rules of the game are fairly simple and are described below.The playing field is a sequence of n non-negative integers ai numbered from 1 to n. The goal of the game is to make numbers a1, a2, ..., ak (i.e. some prefix of the sequence) equal to zero for some fixed k (k < n), and this should be done in the smallest possible number of moves.One move is choosing an integer i (1 ≤ i ≤ n) such that ai > 0 and an integer t (t ≥ 0) such that i + 2t ≤ n. After the values of i and t have been selected, the value of ai is decreased by 1, and the value of ai + 2t is increased by 1. For example, let n = 4 and a = (1, 0, 1, 2), then it is possible to make move i = 3, t = 0 and get a = (1, 0, 0, 3) or to make move i = 1, t = 1 and get a = (0, 0, 2, 2) (the only possible other move is i = 1, t = 0).You are given n and the initial sequence ai. The task is to calculate the minimum number of moves needed to make the first k elements of the original sequence equal to zero for each possible k (1 ≤ k < n).

Input: ['41 0 1 2'] Output:['113']

The Smart Beaver from ABBYY began to develop a new educational game for children. The rules of the game are fairly simple and are described below.The playing field is a sequence of n non-negative integers ai numbered from 1 to n. The goal of the game is to make numbers a1, a2, ..., ak (i.e. some prefix of the sequence) equal to zero for some fixed k (k < n), and this should be done in the smallest possible number of moves.One move is choosing an integer i (1 ≤ i ≤ n) such that ai > 0 and an integer t (t ≥ 0) such that i + 2t ≤ n. After the values of i and t have been selected, the value of ai is decreased by 1, and the value of ai + 2t is increased by 1. For example, let n = 4 and a = (1, 0, 1, 2), then it is possible to make move i = 3, t = 0 and get a = (1, 0, 0, 3) or to make move i = 1, t = 1 and get a = (0, 0, 2, 2) (the only possible other move is i = 1, t = 0).You are given n and the initial sequence ai. The task is to calculate the minimum number of moves needed to make the first k elements of the original sequence equal to zero for each possible k (1 ≤ k < n).

Input: ['41 0 1 2'] Output:['113']

The Smart Beaver from ABBYY plans a space travel on an ultramodern spaceship. During the voyage he plans to visit n planets. For planet i ai is the maximum number of suitcases that an alien tourist is allowed to bring to the planet, and bi is the number of citizens on the planet.The Smart Beaver is going to bring some presents from ABBYY to the planets he will be visiting. The presents are packed in suitcases, x presents in each. The Beaver will take to the ship exactly a1 + ... + an suitcases.As the Beaver lands on the i-th planet, he takes ai suitcases and goes out. On the first day on the planet the Beaver takes a walk and gets to know the citizens. On the second and all subsequent days the Beaver gives presents to the citizens — each of the bi citizens gets one present per day. The Beaver leaves the planet in the evening of the day when the number of presents left is strictly less than the number of citizens (i.e. as soon as he won't be able to give away the proper number of presents the next day). He leaves the remaining presents at the hotel.The Beaver is going to spend exactly c days traveling. The time spent on flights between the planets is considered to be zero. In how many ways can one choose the positive integer x so that the planned voyage will take exactly c days?

Input: ['2 51 52 4'] Output:['1']

The Smart Beaver from ABBYY plans a space travel on an ultramodern spaceship. During the voyage he plans to visit n planets. For planet i ai is the maximum number of suitcases that an alien tourist is allowed to bring to the planet, and bi is the number of citizens on the planet.The Smart Beaver is going to bring some presents from ABBYY to the planets he will be visiting. The presents are packed in suitcases, x presents in each. The Beaver will take to the ship exactly a1 + ... + an suitcases.As the Beaver lands on the i-th planet, he takes ai suitcases and goes out. On the first day on the planet the Beaver takes a walk and gets to know the citizens. On the second and all subsequent days the Beaver gives presents to the citizens — each of the bi citizens gets one present per day. The Beaver leaves the planet in the evening of the day when the number of presents left is strictly less than the number of citizens (i.e. as soon as he won't be able to give away the proper number of presents the next day). He leaves the remaining presents at the hotel.The Beaver is going to spend exactly c days traveling. The time spent on flights between the planets is considered to be zero. In how many ways can one choose the positive integer x so that the planned voyage will take exactly c days?

Input: ['2 51 52 4'] Output:['1']

The Smart Beaver from ABBYY invented a new message encryption method and now wants to check its performance. Checking it manually is long and tiresome, so he decided to ask the ABBYY Cup contestants for help.A message is a sequence of n integers a1, a2, ..., an. Encryption uses a key which is a sequence of m integers b1, b2, ..., bm (m ≤ n). All numbers from the message and from the key belong to the interval from 0 to c - 1, inclusive, and all the calculations are performed modulo c.Encryption is performed in n - m + 1 steps. On the first step we add to each number a1, a2, ..., am a corresponding number b1, b2, ..., bm. On the second step we add to each number a2, a3, ..., am + 1 (changed on the previous step) a corresponding number b1, b2, ..., bm. And so on: on step number i we add to each number ai, ai + 1, ..., ai + m - 1 a corresponding number b1, b2, ..., bm. The result of the encryption is the sequence a1, a2, ..., an after n - m + 1 steps.Help the Beaver to write a program that will encrypt messages in the described manner.

Input: ['4 3 21 1 1 11 1 1'] Output:['0 1 1 0']

To celebrate the second ABBYY Cup tournament, the Smart Beaver decided to throw a party. The Beaver has a lot of acquaintances, some of them are friends with each other, and some of them dislike each other. To make party successful, the Smart Beaver wants to invite only those of his friends who are connected by friendship relations, and not to invite those who dislike each other. Both friendship and dislike are mutual feelings.More formally, for each invited person the following conditions should be fulfilled: all his friends should also be invited to the party; the party shouldn't have any people he dislikes; all people who are invited to the party should be connected with him by friendship either directly or through a chain of common friends of arbitrary length. We'll say that people a1 and ap are connected through a chain of common friends if there exists a sequence of people a2, a3, ..., ap - 1 such that all pairs of people ai and ai + 1 (1 ≤ i < p) are friends. Help the Beaver find the maximum number of acquaintances he can invite.

Input: ['981 21 32 34 56 77 88 99 621 67 9'] Output:['3']

To get money for a new aeonic blaster, ranger Qwerty decided to engage in trade for a while. He wants to buy some number of items (or probably not to buy anything at all) on one of the planets, and then sell the bought items on another planet. Note that this operation is not repeated, that is, the buying and the selling are made only once. To carry out his plan, Qwerty is going to take a bank loan that covers all expenses and to return the loaned money at the end of the operation (the money is returned without the interest). At the same time, Querty wants to get as much profit as possible.The system has n planets in total. On each of them Qwerty can buy or sell items of m types (such as food, medicine, weapons, alcohol, and so on). For each planet i and each type of items j Qwerty knows the following: aij — the cost of buying an item; bij — the cost of selling an item; cij — the number of remaining items.It is not allowed to buy more than cij items of type j on planet i, but it is allowed to sell any number of items of any kind.Knowing that the hold of Qwerty's ship has room for no more than k items, determine the maximum profit which Qwerty can get.

Input: ['3 3 10Venus6 5 37 6 58 6 10Earth10 9 08 6 410 9 3Mars4 3 08 4 127 2 5'] Output:['16']

Vasya plays the Power Defence. He must pass the last level of the game. In order to do this he must kill the Main Villain, who moves in a straight line at speed 1 meter per second from the point ( - ∞, 0) to the point ( + ∞, 0) of the game world. In the points (x, 1) and (x,  - 1), where x is an integer number, Vasya can build towers of three types: fire-tower, electric-tower or freezing-tower. However, it is not allowed to build two towers at the same point. Towers of each type have a certain action radius and the value of damage per second (except freezing-tower). If at some point the Main Villain is in the range of action of k freezing towers then his speed is decreased by k + 1 times.The allowed number of towers of each type is known. It is necessary to determine the maximum possible damage we can inflict on the Main Villain.All distances in the problem are given in meters. The size of the Main Villain and the towers are so small, that they can be considered as points on the plane. The Main Villain is in the action radius of a tower if the distance between him and tower is less than or equal to the action radius of the tower.

Input: ['1 0 010 10 10100 100'] Output:['1989.97487421']

Vasya plays the Plane of Tanks.Tanks are described with the following attributes: the number of hit points; the interval between two gun shots (the time required to recharge the gun); the probability that the gun shot will not pierce armor of the enemy tank; the damage to the enemy's tank. The gun damage is described with a segment [l, r], where l and r are integer numbers. The potential gun damage x is chosen with equal probability among all integer numbers of the segment [l, r]. If the shot pierces the armor of an enemy's tank then the enemy loses x hit points. If the number of hit points becomes non-positive then the enemy tank is considered destroyed. It is possible that the shot does not pierce the armor of a tank. In this case the number of hit points doesn't change. The probability that the armor will not be pierced is considered as the shooting tank attribute and does not depend on players' behavior.The victory is near and there is only one enemy tank left. Vasya is ready for the battle — one more battle between the Good and the Evil is inevitable! Two enemies saw each other and each of them fired a shot at the same moment... The last battle has begun! Help Vasya to determine what is the probability that he will win the battle by destroying the enemy tank? If both tanks are destroyed (after simultaneous shots), then Vasya is considered a winner. You can assume that each player fires a shot just after the gun recharge and each tank has infinite number of ammo.

Input: ['100 3 50 50 0100 3 50 50 0'] Output:['1.000000']

Vasya plays the Geometry Horse.The game goal is to destroy geometric figures of the game world. A certain number of points is given for destroying each figure depending on the figure type and the current factor value. There are n types of geometric figures. The number of figures of type ki and figure cost ci is known for each figure type. A player gets ci·f points for destroying one figure of type i, where f is the current factor. The factor value can be an integer number from 1 to t + 1, inclusive. At the beginning of the game the factor value is equal to 1. The factor is set to i + 1 after destruction of pi (1 ≤ i ≤ t) figures, so the (pi + 1)-th figure to be destroyed is considered with factor equal to i + 1.Your task is to determine the maximum number of points Vasya can get after he destroys all figures. Take into account that Vasya is so tough that he can destroy figures in any order chosen by him.

Input: ['15 1023 6'] Output:['70']

Vasya plays Robot Bicorn Attack.The game consists of three rounds. For each one a non-negative integer amount of points is given. The result of the game is the sum of obtained points. Vasya has already played three rounds and wrote obtained points one by one (without leading zeros) into the string s. Vasya decided to brag about his achievement to the friends. However, he has forgotten how many points he got for each round. The only thing he remembers is the string s.Help Vasya to find out what is the maximum amount of points he could get. Take into account that Vasya played Robot Bicorn Attack for the first time, so he could not get more than 1000000 (106) points for one round.

Input: ['1234'] Output:['37']

Polycarpus is an amateur programmer. Now he is analyzing a friend's program. He has already found there the function rangeIncrement(l, r), that adds 1 to each element of some array a for all indexes in the segment [l, r]. In other words, this function does the following: function rangeIncrement(l, r) for i := l .. r do a[i] = a[i] + 1Polycarpus knows the state of the array a after a series of function calls. He wants to determine the minimum number of function calls that lead to such state. In addition, he wants to find what function calls are needed in this case. It is guaranteed that the required number of calls does not exceed 105.Before calls of function rangeIncrement(l, r) all array elements equal zero.

Input: ['61 2 1 1 4 1'] Output:['52 25 55 55 51 6']

Eudokimus, a system administrator is in trouble again. As a result of an error in some script, a list of names of very important files has been damaged. Since they were files in the BerFS file system, it is known that each file name has a form "name.ext", where: name is a string consisting of lowercase Latin letters, its length is from 1 to 8 characters; ext is a string consisting of lowercase Latin letters, its length is from 1 to 3 characters. For example, "read.me", "example.txt" and "b.cpp" are valid file names and "version.info", "ntldr" and "contestdata.zip" are not.Damage to the list meant that all the file names were recorded one after another, without any separators. So now Eudokimus has a single string.Eudokimus needs to set everything right as soon as possible. He should divide the resulting string into parts so that each part would be a valid file name in BerFS. Since Eudokimus has already proved that he is not good at programming, help him. The resulting file list can contain the same file names.

Input: ['read.meexample.txtb.cpp'] Output:['YESread.meexample.txtb.cpp']

A group of n merry programmers celebrate Robert Floyd's birthday. Polucarpus has got an honourable task of pouring Ber-Cola to everybody. Pouring the same amount of Ber-Cola to everybody is really important. In other words, the drink's volume in each of the n mugs must be the same.Polycarpus has already began the process and he partially emptied the Ber-Cola bottle. Now the first mug has a1 milliliters of the drink, the second one has a2 milliliters and so on. The bottle has b milliliters left and Polycarpus plans to pour them into the mugs so that the main equation was fulfilled.Write a program that would determine what volume of the drink Polycarpus needs to add into each mug to ensure that the following two conditions were fulfilled simultaneously: there were b milliliters poured in total. That is, the bottle need to be emptied; after the process is over, the volumes of the drink in the mugs should be equal.

Input: ['5 501 2 3 4 5'] Output:['12.00000011.00000010.0000009.0000008.000000']

The Trinitarian kingdom has exactly n = 3k cities. All of them are located on the shores of river Trissisipi, which flows through the whole kingdom. Some of the cities are located on one side of the river, and all the rest are on the other side.Some cities are connected by bridges built between them. Each bridge connects two cities that are located on the opposite sides of the river. Between any two cities exists no more than one bridge.The recently inaugurated King Tristan the Third is busy distributing his deputies among cities. In total there are k deputies and the king wants to commission each of them to control exactly three cities. However, no deputy can be entrusted to manage the cities, which are connected by a bridge — the deputy can set a too high fee for travelling over the bridge to benefit his pocket, which is bad for the reputation of the king.Help King Tristan the Third distribute the deputies between the cities, if it is possible.

Input: ['6 61 24 13 56 52 64 6'] Output:['YES1 2 1 2 2 1 ']

Let's consider a k × k square, divided into unit squares. Please note that k ≥ 3 and is odd. We'll paint squares starting from the upper left square in the following order: first we move to the right, then down, then to the left, then up, then to the right again and so on. We finish moving in some direction in one of two cases: either we've reached the square's border or the square following after the next square is already painted. We finish painting at the moment when we cannot move in any direction and paint a square. The figure that consists of the painted squares is a spiral. The figure shows examples of spirals for k = 3, 5, 7, 9. You have an n × m table, each of its cells contains a number. Let's consider all possible spirals, formed by the table cells. It means that we consider all spirals of any size that don't go beyond the borders of the table. Let's find the sum of the numbers of the cells that form the spiral. You have to find the maximum of those values among all spirals.

Input: ['6 50 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 10 0 0 0 11 1 1 0 11 0 0 0 11 1 1 1 1'] Output:['17']

Nikephoros and Polycarpus play rock-paper-scissors. The loser gets pinched (not too severely!).Let us remind you the rules of this game. Rock-paper-scissors is played by two players. In each round the players choose one of three items independently from each other. They show the items with their hands: a rock, scissors or paper. The winner is determined by the following rules: the rock beats the scissors, the scissors beat the paper and the paper beats the rock. If the players choose the same item, the round finishes with a draw.Nikephoros and Polycarpus have played n rounds. In each round the winner gave the loser a friendly pinch and the loser ended up with a fresh and new red spot on his body. If the round finished in a draw, the players did nothing and just played on.Nikephoros turned out to have worked out the following strategy: before the game began, he chose some sequence of items A = (a1, a2, ..., am), and then he cyclically showed the items from this sequence, starting from the first one. Cyclically means that Nikephoros shows signs in the following order: a1, a2, ..., am, a1, a2, ..., am, a1, ... and so on. Polycarpus had a similar strategy, only he had his own sequence of items B = (b1, b2, ..., bk).Determine the number of red spots on both players after they've played n rounds of the game. You can consider that when the game began, the boys had no red spots on them.

Input: ['7RPSRSPP'] Output:['3 2']

Polycarpus has n friends in Tarasov city. Polycarpus knows phone numbers of all his friends: they are strings s1, s2, ..., sn. All these strings consist only of digits and have the same length. Once Polycarpus needed to figure out Tarasov city phone code. He assumed that the phone code of the city is the longest common prefix of all phone numbers of his friends. In other words, it is the longest string c which is a prefix (the beginning) of each si for all i (1 ≤ i ≤ n). Help Polycarpus determine the length of the city phone code.

Input: ['400209002190099900909'] Output:['2']

qd ucyhf yi q fhycu dkcruh mxeiu huluhiu yi q tyvvuhudj fhycu dkcruh. oekh jqia yi je vydt jxu djx ucyhf.

Input: ['1'] Output:['13']

You are given an integer a that consists of n digits. You are also given a sequence of digits s of length m. The digit in position j (1 ≤ j ≤ m) of sequence s means that you can choose an arbitrary position i (1 ≤ i ≤ n) in a and replace the digit in the chosen position i with sj. Each element in the sequence s can participate in no more than one replacing operation.Your task is to perform such sequence of replacements, that the given number a gets maximum value. You are allowed to use not all elements from s.

Input: ['1024010'] Output:['1124']

Some country is populated by wizards. They want to organize a demonstration.There are n people living in the city, x of them are the wizards who will surely go to the demonstration. Other city people (n - x people) do not support the wizards and aren't going to go to the demonstration. We know that the city administration will react only to the demonstration involving at least y percent of the city people. Having considered the matter, the wizards decided to create clone puppets which can substitute the city people on the demonstration. So all in all, the demonstration will involve only the wizards and their puppets. The city administration cannot tell the difference between a puppet and a person, so, as they calculate the percentage, the administration will consider the city to be consisting of only n people and not containing any clone puppets. Help the wizards and find the minimum number of clones to create to that the demonstration had no less than y percent of the city people.

Input: ['10 1 14'] Output:['1']

In some country live wizards. They like to make weird bets.Two wizards draw an acyclic directed graph with n vertices and m edges (the graph's vertices are numbered from 1 to n). A source is a vertex with no incoming edges, and a sink is the vertex with no outgoing edges. Note that a vertex could be the sink and the source simultaneously. In the wizards' graph the number of the sinks and the sources is the same.Wizards numbered the sources in the order of increasing numbers of the vertices from 1 to k. The sinks are numbered from 1 to k in the similar way.To make a bet, they, as are real wizards, cast a spell, which selects a set of k paths from all sources to the sinks in such a way that no two paths intersect at the vertices. In this case, each sink has exactly one path going to it from exactly one source. Let's suppose that the i-th sink has a path going to it from the ai's source. Then let's call pair (i, j) an inversion if i < j and ai > aj. If the number of inversions among all possible pairs (i, j), such that (1 ≤ i < j ≤ k), is even, then the first wizard wins (the second one gives him one magic coin). Otherwise, the second wizard wins (he gets one magic coin from the first one).Our wizards are captured with feverish excitement, so they kept choosing new paths again and again for so long that eventually they have chosen every possible set of paths for exactly once. The two sets of non-intersecting pathes are considered to be different, if and only if there is an edge, which lies at some path in one set and doesn't lie at any path of another set. To check their notes, they asked you to count the total winnings of the first player for all possible sets of paths modulo a prime number p.

Input: ['4 2 10000031 32 4'] Output:['1']

In some country live wizards. They love to build cities and roads.The country used to have k cities, the j-th city (1 ≤ j ≤ k) was located at a point (xj, yj). It was decided to create another n - k cities. And the i-th one (k < i ≤ n) was created at a point with coordinates (xi, yi): xi = (a·xi - 1 + b) mod (109 + 9) yi = (c·yi - 1 + d) mod (109 + 9) Here a, b, c, d are primes. Also, a ≠ c, b ≠ d.After the construction of all n cities, the wizards have noticed something surprising. It turned out that for every two different cities i and j, xi ≠ xj and yi ≠ yj holds.The cities are built, it's time to build roads! It was decided to use the most difficult (and, of course, the most powerful) spell for the construction of roads. Using this spell creates a road between the towns of u, v (yu > yv) if and only if for any city w which lies strictly inside the corner at the point u, v (see below), there is a city s that does not lie in the corner, which is located along the x-coordinate strictly between w and u and simultaneously ys > yv.A corner on the points p2(x2, y2), p1(x1, y1) (y1 < y2) is the set of points (x, y), for which at least one of the two conditions is fulfilled: min(x1, x2) ≤ x ≤ max(x1, x2) and y ≥ y1 y1 ≤ y ≤ y2 and (x - x2)·(x1 - x2) ≥ 0 The pictures showing two different corners In order to test the spell, the wizards will apply it to all the cities that lie on the x-coordinate in the interval [L, R]. After the construction of roads the national government wants to choose the maximum number of pairs of cities connected by the road, so that no city occurs in two or more pairs. Your task is for each m offered variants of values L, R to calculate the maximum number of such pairs after the construction of the roads. Please note that the cities that do not lie in the interval [L, R] on the x-coordinate, do not affect the construction of roads in any way.

Input: ['6 60 01 12 23 34 45 52 3 3 240 51 42 33 3'] Output:['3210']

In some country live wizards. They love playing with numbers. The blackboard has two numbers written on it — a and b. The order of the numbers is not important. Let's consider a ≤ b for the sake of definiteness. The players can cast one of the two spells in turns: Replace b with b - ak. Number k can be chosen by the player, considering the limitations that k > 0 and b - ak ≥ 0. Number k is chosen independently each time an active player casts a spell. Replace b with b mod a. If a > b, similar moves are possible.If at least one of the numbers equals zero, a player can't make a move, because taking a remainder modulo zero is considered somewhat uncivilized, and it is far too boring to subtract a zero. The player who cannot make a move, loses.To perform well in the magic totalizator, you need to learn to quickly determine which player wins, if both wizards play optimally: the one that moves first or the one that moves second.

Input: ['410 2131 100 110 30'] Output:['FirstSecondSecondFirst']

One must train much to do well on wizardry contests. So, there are numerous wizardry schools and magic fees.One of such magic schools consists of n tours. A winner of each tour gets a huge prize. The school is organised quite far away, so one will have to take all the prizes home in one go. And the bags that you've brought with you have space for no more than k huge prizes.Besides the fact that you want to take all the prizes home, you also want to perform well. You will consider your performance good if you win at least l tours.In fact, years of organizing contests proved to the organizers that transporting huge prizes is an issue for the participants. Alas, no one has ever invented a spell that would shrink the prizes... So, here's the solution: for some tours the winner gets a bag instead of a huge prize. Each bag is characterized by number ai — the number of huge prizes that will fit into it.You already know the subject of all tours, so you can estimate the probability pi of winning the i-th tour. You cannot skip the tour under any circumstances.Find the probability that you will perform well on the contest and will be able to take all won prizes home (that is, that you will be able to fit all the huge prizes that you won into the bags that you either won or brought from home).

Input: ['3 1 010 20 30-1 -1 2'] Output:['0.300000000000']

In some country live wizards. They love to ride trolleybuses.A city in this country has a trolleybus depot with n trolleybuses. Every day the trolleybuses leave the depot, one by one and go to the final station. The final station is at a distance of d meters from the depot. We know for the i-th trolleybus that it leaves at the moment of time ti seconds, can go at a speed of no greater than vi meters per second, and accelerate with an acceleration no greater than a meters per second squared. A trolleybus can decelerate as quickly as you want (magic!). It can change its acceleration as fast as you want, as well. Note that the maximum acceleration is the same for all trolleys.Despite the magic the trolleys are still powered by an electric circuit and cannot overtake each other (the wires are to blame, of course). If a trolleybus catches up with another one, they go together one right after the other until they arrive at the final station. Also, the drivers are driving so as to arrive at the final station as quickly as possible.You, as head of the trolleybuses' fans' club, are to determine for each trolley the minimum time by which it can reach the final station. At the time of arrival at the destination station the trolleybus does not necessarily have zero speed. When a trolley is leaving the depot, its speed is considered equal to zero. From the point of view of physics, the trolleybuses can be considered as material points, and also we should ignore the impact on the speed of a trolley bus by everything, except for the acceleration and deceleration provided by the engine.

Input: ['3 10 100000 105 111000 1'] Output:['1000.50000000001000.500000000011000.0500000000']

You are given a tetrahedron. Let's mark its vertices with letters A, B, C and D correspondingly. An ant is standing in the vertex D of the tetrahedron. The ant is quite active and he wouldn't stay idle. At each moment of time he makes a step from one vertex to another one along some edge of the tetrahedron. The ant just can't stand on one place.You do not have to do much to solve the problem: your task is to count the number of ways in which the ant can go from the initial vertex D to itself in exactly n steps. In other words, you are asked to find out the number of different cyclic paths with the length of n from vertex D to itself. As the number can be quite large, you should print it modulo 1000000007 (109 + 7).

Input: ['2'] Output:['3']

The warehouse in your shop has n shoe pairs. Each pair is characterized by two integers: its price ci and its size si. We know that on this very day all numbers si are different, that is, there is no more than one pair of each size.The shop has m customers who came at the same time. The customer number i has di money and the size of his feet equals li. The customer number i can buy the pair number j, if cj ≤ di, and also if li = sj or li = sj - 1; that is, it is necessary that he has enough money to pay for the shoes. It is also necessary that the size of his feet equals to or is less by 1 than the size of the shoes he chooses.Your task is to sell some customers pairs of shoes (a pair per person) so as to maximize the sum of the sold pairs cj that is, the profit. It is guaranteed that each customer buys no more than one pair and each pair will be bought by no more than one customer.

Input: ['310 130 220 3220 120 2'] Output:['3022 31 1']

A median in an array with the length of n is an element which occupies position number after we sort the elements in the non-decreasing order (the array elements are numbered starting with 1). A median of an array (2, 6, 1, 2, 3) is the number 2, and a median of array (0, 96, 17, 23) — the number 17.We define an expression as the integer part of dividing number a by number b.One day Vasya showed Petya an array consisting of n integers and suggested finding the array's median. Petya didn't even look at the array and said that it equals x. Petya is a very honest boy, so he decided to add several numbers to the given array so that the median of the resulting array would be equal to x.Petya can add any integers from 1 to 105 to the array, including the same numbers. Of course, he can add nothing to the array. If a number is added multiple times, then we should consider it the number of times it occurs. It is not allowed to delete of change initial numbers of the array. While Petya is busy distracting Vasya, your task is to find the minimum number of elements he will need.

Input: ['3 1010 20 30'] Output:['1']

Another programming contest is over. You got hold of the contest's final results table. The table has the following data. For each team we are shown two numbers: the number of problems and the total penalty time. However, for no team we are shown its final place.You know the rules of comparing the results of two given teams very well. Let's say that team a solved pa problems with total penalty time ta and team b solved pb problems with total penalty time tb. Team a gets a higher place than team b in the end, if it either solved more problems on the contest, or solved the same number of problems but in less total time. In other words, team a gets a higher place than team b in the final results' table if either pa > pb, or pa = pb and ta < tb. It is considered that the teams that solve the same number of problems with the same penalty time share all corresponding places. More formally, let's say there is a group of x teams that solved the same number of problems with the same penalty time. Let's also say that y teams performed better than the teams from this group. In this case all teams from the group share places y + 1, y + 2, ..., y + x. The teams that performed worse than the teams from this group, get their places in the results table starting from the y + x + 1-th place.Your task is to count what number of teams from the given list shared the k-th place.

Input: ['7 24 104 104 103 202 12 11 10'] Output:['3']

Two integers x and y are compatible, if the result of their bitwise "AND" equals zero, that is, a & b = 0. For example, numbers 90 (10110102) and 36 (1001002) are compatible, as 10110102 & 1001002 = 02, and numbers 3 (112) and 6 (1102) are not compatible, as 112 & 1102 = 102.You are given an array of integers a1, a2, ..., an. Your task is to find the following for each array element: is this element compatible with some other element from the given array? If the answer to this question is positive, then you also should find any suitable element.

Input: ['290 36'] Output:['36 90']

A string is binary, if it consists only of characters "0" and "1".String v is a substring of string w if it has a non-zero length and can be read starting from some position in string w. For example, string "010" has six substrings: "0", "1", "0", "01", "10", "010". Two substrings are considered different if their positions of occurrence are different. So, if some string occurs multiple times, we should consider it the number of times it occurs.You are given a binary string s. Your task is to find the number of its substrings, containing exactly k characters "1".

Input: ['11010'] Output:['6']

One day a highly important task was commissioned to Vasya — writing a program in a night. The program consists of n lines of code. Vasya is already exhausted, so he works like that: first he writes v lines of code, drinks a cup of tea, then he writes as much as lines, drinks another cup of tea, then he writes lines and so on: , , , ...The expression is regarded as the integral part from dividing number a by number b.The moment the current value equals 0, Vasya immediately falls asleep and he wakes up only in the morning, when the program should already be finished.Vasya is wondering, what minimum allowable value v can take to let him write not less than n lines of code before he falls asleep.

Input: ['7 2'] Output:['4']

You are given n points on the plane. You need to delete exactly k of them (k < n) so that the diameter of the set of the remaining n - k points were as small as possible. The diameter of a set of points is the maximum pairwise distance between the points of the set. The diameter of a one point set equals zero.

Input: ['5 21 20 02 21 13 3'] Output:['5 2']

Vasya wants to buy a new refrigerator. He believes that a refrigerator should be a rectangular parallelepiped with integer edge lengths. Vasya calculated that for daily use he will need a refrigerator with volume of at least V. Moreover, Vasya is a minimalist by nature, so the volume should be no more than V, either — why take up extra space in the apartment? Having made up his mind about the volume of the refrigerator, Vasya faced a new challenge — for a fixed volume of V the refrigerator must have the minimum surface area so that it is easier to clean.The volume and the surface area of a refrigerator with edges a, b, c are equal to V = abc and S = 2(ab + bc + ca), correspondingly.Given the volume V, help Vasya find the integer lengths for the refrigerator's edges a, b, c so that the refrigerator's volume equals V and its surface area S is minimized.

Input: ['312 3117 133 12 35 1'] Output:['24 2 2 270 1 1 17148 4 6 5']

As you know, lemmings like jumping. For the next spectacular group jump n lemmings gathered near a high rock with k comfortable ledges on it. The first ledge is situated at the height of h meters, the second one is at the height of 2h meters, and so on (the i-th ledge is at the height of i·h meters). The lemmings are going to jump at sunset, and there's not much time left.Each lemming is characterized by its climbing speed of vi meters per minute and its weight mi. This means that the i-th lemming can climb to the j-th ledge in minutes.To make the jump beautiful, heavier lemmings should jump from higher ledges: if a lemming of weight mi jumps from ledge i, and a lemming of weight mj jumps from ledge j (for i < j), then the inequation mi ≤ mj should be fulfilled.Since there are n lemmings and only k ledges (k ≤ n), the k lemmings that will take part in the jump need to be chosen. The chosen lemmings should be distributed on the ledges from 1 to k, one lemming per ledge. The lemmings are to be arranged in the order of non-decreasing weight with the increasing height of the ledge. In addition, each lemming should have enough time to get to his ledge, that is, the time of his climb should not exceed t minutes. The lemmings climb to their ledges all at the same time and they do not interfere with each other.Find the way to arrange the lemmings' jump so that time t is minimized.

Input: ['5 3 21 2 3 2 11 2 1 2 10'] Output:['5 2 4']

Polycarpus has t safes. The password for each safe is a square matrix consisting of decimal digits '0' ... '9' (the sizes of passwords to the safes may vary). Alas, Polycarpus has forgotten all passwords, so now he has to restore them.Polycarpus enjoys prime numbers, so when he chose the matrix passwords, he wrote a prime number in each row of each matrix. To his surprise, he found that all the matrices turned out to be symmetrical (that is, they remain the same after transposition). Now, years later, Polycarp was irritated to find out that he remembers only the prime numbers pi, written in the first lines of the password matrices.For each safe find the number of matrices which can be passwords to it.The number of digits in pi determines the number of rows and columns of the i-th matrix. One prime number can occur in several rows of the password matrix or in several matrices. The prime numbers that are written not in the first row of the matrix may have leading zeros.

Input: ['4112394019001'] Output:['428612834']

One day Polycarpus stopped by a supermarket on his way home. It turns out that the supermarket is having a special offer for stools. The offer is as follows: if a customer's shopping cart contains at least one stool, the customer gets a 50% discount on the cheapest item in the cart (that is, it becomes two times cheaper). If there are several items with the same minimum price, the discount is available for only one of them!Polycarpus has k carts, and he wants to buy up all stools and pencils from the supermarket. Help him distribute the stools and the pencils among the shopping carts, so that the items' total price (including the discounts) is the least possible.Polycarpus must use all k carts to purchase the items, no shopping cart can remain empty. Each shopping cart can contain an arbitrary number of stools and/or pencils.

Input: ['3 22 13 23 1'] Output:['5.52 1 21 3']

The Two-dimensional kingdom is going through hard times... This morning the Three-Dimensional kingdom declared war on the Two-dimensional one. This (possibly armed) conflict will determine the ultimate owner of the straight line.The Two-dimensional kingdom has a regular army of n people. Each soldier registered himself and indicated the desired size of the bulletproof vest: the i-th soldier indicated size ai. The soldiers are known to be unpretentious, so the command staff assumes that the soldiers are comfortable in any vests with sizes from ai - x to ai + y, inclusive (numbers x, y ≥ 0 are specified). The Two-dimensional kingdom has m vests at its disposal, the j-th vest's size equals bj. Help mobilize the Two-dimensional kingdom's army: equip with vests as many soldiers as possible. Each vest can be used only once. The i-th soldier can put on the j-th vest, if ai - x ≤ bj ≤ ai + y.

Input: ['5 3 0 01 2 3 3 41 3 5'] Output:['21 13 2']

The main Bertown street is represented by a straight line. There are 109 bus stops located on the line. The stops are numbered with integers from 1 to 109 in the order in which they follow on the road. The city has n buses. Every day the i-th bus drives from stop number si to stop number fi (si < fi), it stops on all intermediate stops and returns only at night. The bus starts driving at time ti and drives so fast that it finishes driving also at time ti. The time ti is different for all buses. The buses have infinite capacity.Bertown has m citizens. Today the i-th person should get from stop number li to stop number ri (li < ri); the i-th citizen comes to his initial stop (li) at time bi. Each person, on the one hand, wants to get to the destination point as quickly as possible, and on the other hand, definitely does not want to change the buses as he rides. More formally: the i-th person chooses bus j, with minimum time tj, such that sj ≤ li, ri ≤ fj and bi ≤ tj. Your task is to determine for each citizen whether he can ride to the destination point today and if he can, find the number of the bus on which the citizen will ride.

Input: ['4 31 10 105 6 26 7 35 7 45 7 11 2 11 10 11'] Output:['4 1 -1']

You've got another problem dealing with arrays. Let's consider an arbitrary sequence containing n (not necessarily different) integers a1, a2, ..., an. We are interested in all possible pairs of numbers (ai, aj), (1 ≤ i, j ≤ n). In other words, let's consider all n2 pairs of numbers, picked from the given array.For example, in sequence a = {3, 1, 5} are 9 pairs of numbers: (3, 3), (3, 1), (3, 5), (1, 3), (1, 1), (1, 5), (5, 3), (5, 1), (5, 5).Let's sort all resulting pairs lexicographically by non-decreasing. Let us remind you that pair (p1, q1) is lexicographically less than pair (p2, q2) only if either p1 < p2, or p1 = p2 and q1 < q2.Then the sequence, mentioned above, will be sorted like that: (1, 1), (1, 3), (1, 5), (3, 1), (3, 3), (3, 5), (5, 1), (5, 3), (5, 5)Let's number all the pair in the sorted list from 1 to n2. Your task is formulated like this: you should find the k-th pair in the ordered list of all possible pairs of the array you've been given.

Input: ['2 42 1'] Output:['2 2']

Each of you probably has your personal experience of riding public transportation and buying tickets. After a person buys a ticket (which traditionally has an even number of digits), he usually checks whether the ticket is lucky. Let us remind you that a ticket is lucky if the sum of digits in its first half matches the sum of digits in its second half.But of course, not every ticket can be lucky. Far from it! Moreover, sometimes one look at a ticket can be enough to say right away that the ticket is not lucky. So, let's consider the following unluckiness criterion that can definitely determine an unlucky ticket. We'll say that a ticket is definitely unlucky if each digit from the first half corresponds to some digit from the second half so that each digit from the first half is strictly less than the corresponding digit from the second one or each digit from the first half is strictly more than the corresponding digit from the second one. Each digit should be used exactly once in the comparisons. In other words, there is such bijective correspondence between the digits of the first and the second half of the ticket, that either each digit of the first half turns out strictly less than the corresponding digit of the second half or each digit of the first half turns out strictly more than the corresponding digit from the second half.For example, ticket 2421 meets the following unluckiness criterion and will not be considered lucky (the sought correspondence is 2 > 1 and 4 > 2), ticket 0135 also meets the criterion (the sought correspondence is 0 < 3 and 1 < 5), and ticket 3754 does not meet the criterion. You have a ticket in your hands, it contains 2n digits. Your task is to check whether it meets the unluckiness criterion.

Input: ['22421'] Output:['YES']

Imagine that you have a twin brother or sister. Having another person that looks exactly like you seems very unusual. It's hard to say if having something of an alter ego is good or bad. And if you do have a twin, then you very well know what it's like.Now let's imagine a typical morning in your family. You haven't woken up yet, and Mom is already going to work. She has been so hasty that she has nearly forgotten to leave the two of her darling children some money to buy lunches in the school cafeteria. She fished in the purse and found some number of coins, or to be exact, n coins of arbitrary values a1, a2, ..., an. But as Mom was running out of time, she didn't split the coins for you two. So she scribbled a note asking you to split the money equally.As you woke up, you found Mom's coins and read her note. "But why split the money equally?" — you thought. After all, your twin is sleeping and he won't know anything. So you decided to act like that: pick for yourself some subset of coins so that the sum of values of your coins is strictly larger than the sum of values of the remaining coins that your twin will have. However, you correctly thought that if you take too many coins, the twin will suspect the deception. So, you've decided to stick to the following strategy to avoid suspicions: you take the minimum number of coins, whose sum of values is strictly more than the sum of values of the remaining coins. On this basis, determine what minimum number of coins you need to take to divide them in the described manner.

Input: ['23 3'] Output:['2']

Little Janet likes playing with cubes. Actually, she likes to play with anything whatsoever, cubes or tesseracts, as long as they are multicolored. Each cube is described by two parameters — color ci and size si. A Zebra Tower is a tower that consists of cubes of exactly two colors. Besides, the colors of the cubes in the tower must alternate (colors of adjacent cubes must differ). The Zebra Tower should have at least two cubes. There are no other limitations. The figure below shows an example of a Zebra Tower. A Zebra Tower's height is the sum of sizes of all cubes that form the tower. Help little Janet build the Zebra Tower of the maximum possible height, using the available cubes.

Input: ['41 21 32 43 3'] Output:['932 3 1 ']

You are given a non-empty string s consisting of lowercase letters. Find the number of pairs of non-overlapping palindromic substrings of this string.In a more formal way, you have to find the quantity of tuples (a, b, x, y) such that 1 ≤ a ≤ b < x ≤ y ≤ |s| and substrings s[a... b], s[x... y] are palindromes.A palindrome is a string that can be read the same way from left to right and from right to left. For example, "abacaba", "z", "abba" are palindromes.A substring s[i... j] (1 ≤ i ≤ j ≤ |s|) of string s = s1s2... s|s| is a string sisi + 1... sj. For example, substring s[2...4] of string s = "abacaba" equals "bac".

Input: ['aa'] Output:['1']

One popular website developed an unusual username editing procedure. One can change the username only by deleting some characters from it: to change the current name s, a user can pick number p and character c and delete the p-th occurrence of character c from the name. After the user changed his name, he can't undo the change.For example, one can change name "arca" by removing the second occurrence of character "a" to get "arc". Polycarpus learned that some user initially registered under nickname t, where t is a concatenation of k copies of string s. Also, Polycarpus knows the sequence of this user's name changes. Help Polycarpus figure out the user's final name.

Input: ['2bac32 a1 b2 c'] Output:['acb']

Polycarpus has n markers and m marker caps. Each marker is described by two numbers: xi is the color and yi is the diameter. Correspondingly, each cap is described by two numbers: aj is the color and bj is the diameter. Cap (aj, bj) can close marker (xi, yi) only if their diameters match, that is, bj = yi. Besides, a marker is considered to be beautifully closed, if the cap color and the marker color match, that is, aj = xi.Find the way to close the maximum number of markers. If there are several such ways, then choose the one that has the maximum number of beautifully closed markers.

Input: ['3 41 23 42 45 42 41 11 2'] Output:['3 2']

Polycarpus has a hobby — he develops an unusual social network. His work is almost completed, and there is only one more module to implement — the module which determines friends. Oh yes, in this social network one won't have to add friends manually! Pairs of friends are deduced in the following way. Let's assume that user A sent user B a message at time t1, and user B sent user A a message at time t2. If 0 < t2 - t1 ≤ d, then user B's message was an answer to user A's one. Users A and B are considered to be friends if A answered at least one B's message or B answered at least one A's message.You are given the log of messages in chronological order and a number d. Find all pairs of users who will be considered to be friends.

Input: ['4 1vasya petya 1petya vasya 2anya ivan 2ivan anya 4'] Output:['1petya vasya']

The Berland University is preparing to celebrate the 256-th anniversary of its founding! A specially appointed Vice Rector for the celebration prepares to decorate the campus. In the center of the campus n ice sculptures were erected. The sculptures are arranged in a circle at equal distances from each other, so they form a regular n-gon. They are numbered in clockwise order with numbers from 1 to n.The site of the University has already conducted a voting that estimated each sculpture's characteristic of ti — the degree of the sculpture's attractiveness. The values of ti can be positive, negative or zero.When the university rector came to evaluate the work, he said that this might be not the perfect arrangement. He suggested to melt some of the sculptures so that: the remaining sculptures form a regular polygon (the number of vertices should be between 3 and n), the sum of the ti values of the remaining sculptures is maximized. Help the Vice Rector to analyze the criticism — find the maximum value of ti sum which can be obtained in this way. It is allowed not to melt any sculptures at all. The sculptures can not be moved.

Input: ['81 2 -3 4 -5 5 2 3'] Output:['14']

After the lessons n groups of schoolchildren went outside and decided to visit Polycarpus to celebrate his birthday. We know that the i-th group consists of si friends (1 ≤ si ≤ 4), and they want to go to Polycarpus together. They decided to get there by taxi. Each car can carry at most four passengers. What minimum number of cars will the children need if all members of each group should ride in the same taxi (but one taxi can take more than one group)?

Input: ['51 2 4 3 3'] Output:['4']

Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson played some game on a checkered board n × n in size. During the game they put numbers on the board's squares by some tricky rules we don't know. However, the game is now over and each square of the board contains exactly one number. To understand who has won, they need to count the number of winning squares. To determine if the particular square is winning you should do the following. Calculate the sum of all numbers on the squares that share this column (including the given square) and separately calculate the sum of all numbers on the squares that share this row (including the given square). A square is considered winning if the sum of the column numbers is strictly greater than the sum of the row numbers.For instance, lets game was ended like is shown in the picture. Then the purple cell is winning, because the sum of its column numbers equals 8 + 3 + 6 + 7 = 24, sum of its row numbers equals 9 + 5 + 3 + 2 = 19, and 24 > 19.

Input: ['11'] Output:['0']

Mrs. Hudson hasn't made her famous pancakes for quite a while and finally she decided to make them again. She has learned m new recipes recently and she can't wait to try them. Those recipes are based on n special spices. Mrs. Hudson has these spices in the kitchen lying in jars numbered with integers from 0 to n - 1 (each spice lies in an individual jar). Each jar also has the price of the corresponding spice inscribed — some integer ai.We know three values for the i-th pancake recipe: di, si, ci. Here di and ci are integers, and si is the pattern of some integer written in the numeral system with radix di. The pattern contains digits, Latin letters (to denote digits larger than nine) and question marks. Number x in the di-base numeral system matches the pattern si, if we can replace question marks in the pattern with digits and letters so that we obtain number x (leading zeroes aren't taken into consideration when performing the comparison). More formally: each question mark should be replaced by exactly one digit or exactly one letter. If after we replace all question marks we get a number with leading zeroes, we can delete these zeroes. For example, number 40A9875 in the 11-base numeral system matches the pattern "??4??987?", and number 4A9875 does not.To make the pancakes by the i-th recipe, Mrs. Hudson should take all jars with numbers whose representation in the di-base numeral system matches the pattern si. The control number of the recipe (zi) is defined as the sum of number ci and the product of prices of all taken jars. More formally: (where j is all such numbers whose representation in the di-base numeral system matches the pattern si).Mrs. Hudson isn't as interested in the control numbers as she is in their minimum prime divisors. Your task is: for each recipe i find the minimum prime divisor of number zi. If this divisor exceeds 100, then you do not have to find it, print -1.

Input: ['1112 ? 1'] Output:['2']

Dr. Moriarty is about to send a message to Sherlock Holmes. He has a string s. String p is called a substring of string s if you can read it starting from some position in the string s. For example, string "aba" has six substrings: "a", "b", "a", "ab", "ba", "aba".Dr. Moriarty plans to take string s and cut out some substring from it, let's call it t. Then he needs to change the substring t zero or more times. As a result, he should obtain a fixed string u (which is the string that should be sent to Sherlock Holmes). One change is defined as making one of the following actions: Insert one letter to any end of the string. Delete one letter from any end of the string. Change one letter into any other one. Moriarty is very smart and after he chooses some substring t, he always makes the minimal number of changes to obtain u. Help Moriarty choose the best substring t from all substrings of the string s. The substring t should minimize the number of changes Moriarty should make to obtain the string u from it.

Input: ['aaaaaaaa'] Output:['0']

Ilya plays a card game by the following rules.A player has several cards. Each card contains two non-negative integers inscribed, one at the top of the card and one at the bottom. At the beginning of the round the player chooses one of his cards to play it. If the top of the card contains number ai, and the bottom contains number bi, then when the player is playing the card, he gets ai points and also gets the opportunity to play additional bi cards. After the playing the card is discarded.More formally: let's say that there is a counter of the cards that can be played. At the beginning of the round the counter equals one. When a card is played, the counter decreases by one for the played card and increases by the number bi, which is written at the bottom of the card. Then the played card is discarded. If after that the counter is not equal to zero, the player gets the opportunity to play another card from the remaining cards. The round ends when the counter reaches zero or the player runs out of cards.Of course, Ilya wants to get as many points as possible. Can you determine the maximum number of points he can score provided that you know his cards?

Input: ['21 02 0'] Output:['2']

Vasya adores sport programming. He can't write programs but he loves to watch the contests' progress. Vasya even has a favorite coder and Vasya pays special attention to him.One day Vasya decided to collect the results of all contests where his favorite coder participated and track the progress of his coolness. For each contest where this coder participated, he wrote out a single non-negative number — the number of points his favorite coder earned in the contest. Vasya wrote out the points for the contest in the order, in which the contests run (naturally, no two contests ran simultaneously).Vasya considers a coder's performance in a contest amazing in two situations: he can break either his best or his worst performance record. First, it is amazing if during the contest the coder earns strictly more points that he earned on each past contest. Second, it is amazing if during the contest the coder earns strictly less points that he earned on each past contest. A coder's first contest isn't considered amazing. Now he wants to count the number of amazing performances the coder had throughout his whole history of participating in contests. But the list of earned points turned out long and Vasya can't code... That's why he asks you to help him.

Input: ['5100 50 200 150 200'] Output:['2']

The King of Flatland will organize a knights' tournament! The winner will get half the kingdom and the favor of the princess of legendary beauty and wisdom. The final test of the applicants' courage and strength will be a fencing tournament. The tournament is held by the following rules: the participants fight one on one, the winner (or rather, the survivor) transfers to the next round.Before the battle both participants stand at the specified points on the Ox axis with integer coordinates. Then they make moves in turn. The first participant moves first, naturally. During a move, the first participant can transfer from the point x to any integer point of the interval [x + a; x + b]. The second participant can transfer during a move to any integer point of the interval [x - b; x - a]. That is, the options for the players' moves are symmetric (note that the numbers a and b are not required to be positive, and if a ≤ 0 ≤ b, then staying in one place is a correct move). At any time the participants can be located arbitrarily relative to each other, that is, it is allowed to "jump" over the enemy in any direction. A participant wins if he uses his move to transfer to the point where his opponent is.Of course, the princess has already chosen a husband and now she wants to make her sweetheart win the tournament. He has already reached the tournament finals and he is facing the last battle. The princess asks the tournament manager to arrange the tournament finalists in such a way that her sweetheart wins the tournament, considering that both players play optimally. However, the initial location of the participants has already been announced, and we can only pull some strings and determine which participant will be first and which one will be second. But how do we know which participant can secure the victory? Alas, the princess is not learned in the military affairs... Therefore, she asks you to determine how the battle will end considering that both opponents play optimally. Also, if the first player wins, your task is to determine his winning move.

Input: ['0 2 0 4'] Output:['FIRST2']

By 2312 there were n Large Hadron Colliders in the inhabited part of the universe. Each of them corresponded to a single natural number from 1 to n. However, scientists did not know what activating several colliders simultaneously could cause, so the colliders were deactivated.In 2312 there was a startling discovery: a collider's activity is safe if and only if all numbers of activated colliders are pairwise relatively prime to each other (two numbers are relatively prime if their greatest common divisor equals 1)! If two colliders with relatively nonprime numbers are activated, it will cause a global collapse.Upon learning this, physicists rushed to turn the colliders on and off and carry out all sorts of experiments. To make sure than the scientists' quickness doesn't end with big trouble, the Large Hadron Colliders' Large Remote Control was created. You are commissioned to write the software for the remote (well, you do not expect anybody to operate it manually, do you?).Initially, all colliders are deactivated. Your program receives multiple requests of the form "activate/deactivate the i-th collider". The program should handle requests in the order of receiving them. The program should print the processed results in the format described below.To the request of "+ i" (that is, to activate the i-th collider), the program should print exactly one of the following responses: "Success" if the activation was successful. "Already on", if the i-th collider was already activated before the request. "Conflict with j", if there is a conflict with the j-th collider (that is, the j-th collider is on, and numbers i and j are not relatively prime). In this case, the i-th collider shouldn't be activated. If a conflict occurs with several colliders simultaneously, you should print the number of any of them. The request of "- i" (that is, to deactivate the i-th collider), should receive one of the following responses from the program: "Success", if the deactivation was successful. "Already off", if the i-th collider was already deactivated before the request. You don't need to print quotes in the output of the responses to the requests.

Input: ['10 10+ 6+ 10+ 5- 10- 5- 6+ 10+ 3+ 6+ 3'] Output:['SuccessConflict with 6SuccessAlready offSuccessSuccessSuccessSuccessConflict with 10Already on']

Sergey attends lessons of the N-ish language. Each lesson he receives a hometask. This time the task is to translate some sentence to the N-ish language. Sentences of the N-ish language can be represented as strings consisting of lowercase Latin letters without spaces or punctuation marks.Sergey totally forgot about the task until half an hour before the next lesson and hastily scribbled something down. But then he recollected that in the last lesson he learned the grammar of N-ish. The spelling rules state that N-ish contains some "forbidden" pairs of letters: such letters can never occur in a sentence next to each other. Also, the order of the letters doesn't matter (for example, if the pair of letters "ab" is forbidden, then any occurrences of substrings "ab" and "ba" are also forbidden). Also, each pair has different letters and each letter occurs in no more than one forbidden pair.Now Sergey wants to correct his sentence so that it doesn't contain any "forbidden" pairs of letters that stand next to each other. However, he is running out of time, so he decided to simply cross out some letters from the sentence. What smallest number of letters will he have to cross out? When a letter is crossed out, it is "removed" so that the letters to its left and right (if they existed), become neighboring. For example, if we cross out the first letter from the string "aba", we get the string "ba", and if we cross out the second letter, we get "aa".

Input: ['ababa1ab'] Output:['2']

One day Vasya got hold of a sheet of checkered paper n × m squares in size. Our Vasya adores geometrical figures, so he painted two rectangles on the paper. The rectangles' sides are parallel to the coordinates' axes, also the length of each side of each rectangle is no less than 3 squares and the sides are painted by the grid lines. The sides can also be part of the sheet of paper's edge. Then Vasya hatched all squares on the rectangles' frames.Let's define a rectangle's frame as the set of squares inside the rectangle that share at least one side with its border.A little later Vasya found a sheet of paper of exactly the same size and couldn't guess whether it is the same sheet of paper or a different one. So, he asked you to check whether the sheet of paper he had found contains two painted frames and nothing besides them.Please note that the frames painted by Vasya can arbitrarily intersect, overlap or even completely coincide.The coordinates on the sheet of paper are introduced in such a way that the X axis goes from top to bottom, the x coordinates of the squares' numbers take values from 1 to n and the Y axis goes from the left to the right and the y coordinates of the squares' numbers take values from 1 to m.

Input: ['4 5######.#.####.######'] Output:['YES1 1 3 31 1 4 5']

One day Vasya went out for a walk in the yard but there weren't any of his friends outside and he had no one to play touch and run. But the boy didn't lose the high spirits and decided to play touch and run with himself. You may ask: "How did he do that?" The answer is simple.Vasya noticed that the yard is a rectangular n × m field. The squares have coordinates (x, y) (1 ≤ x ≤ n, 1 ≤ y ≤ m), where x is the index of the row and y is the index of the column.Initially Vasya stands in the square with coordinates (xc, yc). To play, he has got a list of k vectors (dxi, dyi) of non-zero length. The game goes like this. The boy considers all vectors in the order from 1 to k, and consecutively chooses each vector as the current one. After the boy has chosen a current vector, he makes the maximally possible number of valid steps in the vector's direction (it is possible that he makes zero steps).A step is defined as one movement from the square where the boy is standing now, in the direction of the current vector. That is, if Vasya is positioned in square (x, y), and the current vector is (dx, dy), one step moves Vasya to square (x + dx, y + dy). A step is considered valid, if the boy does not go out of the yard if he performs the step.Vasya stepped on and on, on and on until he ran out of vectors in his list. Ha had been stepping for so long that he completely forgot how many steps he had made. Help the boy and count how many steps he had made.

Input: ['4 51 131 11 10 -2'] Output:['4']

This winter is so cold in Nvodsk! A group of n friends decided to buy k bottles of a soft drink called "Take-It-Light" to warm up a bit. Each bottle has l milliliters of the drink. Also they bought c limes and cut each of them into d slices. After that they found p grams of salt.To make a toast, each friend needs nl milliliters of the drink, a slice of lime and np grams of salt. The friends want to make as many toasts as they can, provided they all drink the same amount. How many toasts can each friend make?

Input: ['3 4 5 10 8 100 3 1'] Output:['2']

This winter is so... well, you've got the idea :-) The Nvodsk road system can be represented as n junctions connected with n - 1 bidirectional roads so that there is a path between any two junctions. The organizers of some event want to choose a place to accommodate the participants (junction v), and the place to set up the contests (junction u). Besides, at the one hand, they want the participants to walk about the city and see the neighbourhood (that's why the distance between v and u should be no less than l). On the other hand, they don't want the participants to freeze (so the distance between v and u should be no more than r). Besides, for every street we know its beauty — some integer from 0 to 109. Your task is to choose the path that fits in the length limits and has the largest average beauty. We shall define the average beauty as a median of sequence of the beauties of all roads along the path.We can put it more formally like that: let there be a path with the length k. Let ai be a non-decreasing sequence that contains exactly k elements. Each number occurs there exactly the number of times a road with such beauty occurs along on path. We will represent the path median as number a⌊k / 2⌋, assuming that indexation starting from zero is used. ⌊x⌋ — is number х, rounded down to the nearest integer.For example, if a = {0, 5, 12}, then the median equals to 5, and if a = {0, 5, 7, 12}, then the median is number 7.It is guaranteed that there will be at least one path with the suitable quantity of roads.

Input: ['6 3 41 2 12 3 13 4 14 5 15 6 1'] Output:['4 1']

I guess there's not much point in reminding you that Nvodsk winters aren't exactly hot. That increased the popularity of the public transport dramatically. The route of bus 62 has exactly n stops (stop 1 goes first on its way and stop n goes last). The stops are positioned on a straight line and their coordinates are 0 = x1 < x2 < ... < xn. Each day exactly m people use bus 62. For each person we know the number of the stop where he gets on the bus and the number of the stop where he gets off the bus. A ticket from stop a to stop b (a < b) costs xb - xa rubles. However, the conductor can choose no more than one segment NOT TO SELL a ticket for. We mean that conductor should choose C and D (С <= D) and sell a ticket for the segments [A, C] and [D, B], or not sell the ticket at all. The conductor and the passenger divide the saved money between themselves equally. The conductor's "untaxed income" is sometimes interrupted by inspections that take place as the bus drives on some segment of the route located between two consecutive stops. The inspector fines the conductor by c rubles for each passenger who doesn't have the ticket for this route's segment.You know the coordinated of all stops xi; the numbers of stops where the i-th passenger gets on and off, ai and bi (ai < bi); the fine c; and also pi — the probability of inspection on segment between the i-th and the i + 1-th stop. The conductor asked you to help him make a plan of selling tickets that maximizes the mathematical expectation of his profit.

Input: ['3 3 100 10 100100 01 22 31 3'] Output:['90.000000000']

Just in case somebody missed it: this winter is totally cold in Nvodsk! It is so cold that one gets funny thoughts. For example, let's say there are strings with the length exactly n, based on the alphabet of size m. Any its substring with length equal to k is a palindrome. How many such strings exist? Your task is to find their quantity modulo 1000000007 (109 + 7). Be careful and don't miss a string or two!Let us remind you that a string is a palindrome if it can be read the same way in either direction, from the left to the right and from the right to the left.

Input: ['1 1 1'] Output:['1']

You can't possibly imagine how cold our friends are this winter in Nvodsk! Two of them play the following game to warm up: initially a piece of paper has an integer q. During a move a player should write any integer number that is a non-trivial divisor of the last written number. Then he should run this number of circles around the hotel. Let us remind you that a number's divisor is called non-trivial if it is different from one and from the divided number itself. The first person who can't make a move wins as he continues to lie in his warm bed under three blankets while the other one keeps running. Determine which player wins considering that both players play optimally. If the first player wins, print any winning first move.

Input: ['6'] Output:['2']

Petya loves football very much, especially when his parents aren't home. Each morning he comes to the yard, gathers his friends and they play all day. From time to time they have a break to have some food or do some chores (for example, water the flowers).The key in football is to divide into teams fairly before the game begins. There are n boys playing football in the yard (including Petya), each boy's football playing skill is expressed with a non-negative characteristic ai (the larger it is, the better the boy plays). Let's denote the number of players in the first team as x, the number of players in the second team as y, the individual numbers of boys who play for the first team as pi and the individual numbers of boys who play for the second team as qi. Division n boys into two teams is considered fair if three conditions are fulfilled: Each boy plays for exactly one team (x + y = n). The sizes of teams differ in no more than one (|x - y| ≤ 1). The total football playing skills for two teams differ in no more than by the value of skill the best player in the yard has. More formally: Your task is to help guys divide into two teams fairly. It is guaranteed that a fair division into two teams always exists.

Input: ['31 2 1'] Output:['21 2 13 ']

What joy! Petya's parents went on a business trip for the whole year and the playful kid is left all by himself. Petya got absolutely happy. He jumped on the bed and threw pillows all day long, until... Today Petya opened the cupboard and found a scary note there. His parents had left him with duties: he should water their favourite flower all year, each day, in the morning, in the afternoon and in the evening. "Wait a second!" — thought Petya. He know for a fact that if he fulfills the parents' task in the i-th (1 ≤ i ≤ 12) month of the year, then the flower will grow by ai centimeters, and if he doesn't water the flower in the i-th month, then the flower won't grow this month. Petya also knows that try as he might, his parents won't believe that he has been watering the flower if it grows strictly less than by k centimeters. Help Petya choose the minimum number of months when he will water the flower, given that the flower should grow no less than by k centimeters.

Input: ['51 1 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 1 1 1'] Output:['2']