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[ { "from": "human", "value": "Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.\nFormal writing is typically used in academic and business writing or when writing directly to an authority figure. It tends to be more courteous and impersonal, avoiding overly familiar or conversational language.\nCompare the following sentences.\nInformal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but I think they're awesome.\nMore formal: Ostriches may be flightless, but they're remarkable runners.\nMost formal: Though flightless, ostriches are remarkable runners.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich confirmation email message is more formal?\n\n0. Thank you for choosing to receive paperless bank statements.\n1. We're so happy you signed up to get your bank statements via email." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The first confirmation email message is more formal. It uses more elevated language (choosing to receive). The other confirmation email message uses contractions and is more familiar (we're so happy).\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.\nCosts are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.\nBenefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you want or need.\n\nQuestion:\nSuppose Alec decides to join the Theater Club. Which result would be a cost?\n\n0. Alec will save some time. He would have spent more time in the Photography Club than in the Theater Club.\n1. Alec will give up the chance to be in the Photography Club. He would have had more fun in the Photography Club than in the Theater Club." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Alec wants or needs:\nAlec will give up the chance to be in the Photography Club. He would have had more fun in the Photography Club than in the Theater Club.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.\nWhen a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be more commonly used, many people consider a word's traditional definition to be the correct usage. Being able to distinguish the different uses of a word can help you use it appropriately for different audiences.\nBritney perused her notes, carefully preparing for her exam.\nThe traditional usage above is considered more standard.\nDavid perused the magazine, absentmindedly flipping through the pages.\nThe nontraditional usage above is now commonly used, but traditional style guides generally advise against it.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich text uses the word ironic in its traditional sense?\n\n0. Last winter, Simon took a vacation to Florida to escape Boston's cold, snowy weather. In an ironic twist, a rare snowstorm happened to hit Florida that week.\n1. Last winter, Simon took a vacation to Florida to escape Boston's cold, snowy weather. In an ironic twist, he just missed a few of his college friends, who had been in Florida the previous week." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The first text uses ironic in its traditional sense: contrary to what was intended, often in an amusing way. It's ironic because Simon tried to get away from the snow but found himself in a snowstorm regardless.\nLast winter, Simon took a vacation to Florida to escape Boston's cold, snowy weather. In an ironic twist, a rare snowstorm happened to hit Florida that week.\nThe second text uses ironic in its nontraditional sense: marked by coincidence. It was a coincidence that Simon's friends were in Florida the week before.\nLast winter, Simon took a vacation to Florida to escape Boston's cold, snowy weather. In an ironic twist, he just missed a few of his college friends, who had been in Florida the previous week.\nMost style guides recommend to avoid using the nontraditional sense of the word ironic because it is generally considered incorrect.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.\nA logical fallacy may present irrelevant information:\nFallacy | Description\nad hominem | a personal attack meant to discredit one's opponent\nappeal to nature | an argument that assumes the natural choice is always the best choice\nbandwagon fallacy | an argument that assumes the popular choice is always the best choice\ncircular reasoning | an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself\nguilt by association | an unfair negative association with another person or group that is intended to discredit someone or something\nred herring | the use of a completely unrelated topic in support of a claim\nA logical fallacy may misrepresent the issues at hand:\nFallacy | Description\nfalse causation | the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other\nfalse dichotomy | an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist\nhasty generalization | a very broad claim based on very little evidence\nstraw man | a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against\n\n\nQuestion:\nWhich logical fallacy is used in the text?\nDon't ever get a ride from Tisha. Her brother has been driving for only six months, and he's already gotten three speeding tickets.\n\n0. guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something\n1. circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text argues that Tisha must be a reckless driver, because her brother is a reckless driver. However, even though Tisha's brother is reckless, that doesn't necessarily mean that Tisha is, too. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as guilt by association.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.\nTo put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.\nIf one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order. For example, be comes before bed.\n\nQuestion:\nWould you find the word darn on a dictionary page with the following guide words?\ndeserve - dog\n\n0. no\n1. yes" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Put the words in alphabetical order.\nSince darn is not between the guide words deserve - dog, it would not be found on that page.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Kristen acquired this trait?\n\n0. Kristen's scar is on her right elbow. Her father also has a scar on his right elbow.\n1. Kristen's sister has a bruise from falling on her elbow.\n2. Kristen's scar was caused by an accident. She cut her arm when she fell off her bicycle." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 2" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Lauren inherited this trait?\n\n0. Lauren has green eyes like her biological mother.\n1. Lauren and her biological father wear sunglasses when they go outside.\n2. Lauren's neighbor has green eyes." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.\nA run-on sentence is formed when two sentences are run together, joined by just a comma or by no punctuation at all. If only a comma is used, the run-on is called a comma splice.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily, we have a concert in two weeks.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily we have a concert in two weeks.\nThere are several ways to fix a run-on sentence:\nUse stronger punctuation, such as a period or a semicolon.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily. We have a concert in two weeks.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily; we have a concert in two weeks.\nUse a comma and a coordinating conjunction to create a compound sentence. Coordinating conjunctions include and, but, or, and so.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily, and we have a concert in two weeks.\nUse a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun to create a complex sentence. Subordinating conjunctions include after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, and while. Relative pronouns include that, which, who, whom, and whose.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily since we have a concert in two weeks.\n\nQuestion:\nIs this a run-on sentence?\nThe octopus is often considered to be the most intelligent invertebrate and a master of disguise; it can instantly match the colors and textures of its environment to hide from predators.\n\n0. no\n1. yes" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "This is not a run-on sentence. It is not formed from two sentences that have been run together without appropriate punctuation.\nThe octopus is often considered to be the most intelligent invertebrate and a master of disguise; it can instantly match the colors and textures of its environment to hide from predators.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:\nType | Examples\nslang | cool, awesome\nidioms | knock your socks off\nconversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah\nabbreviated language | ASAP, FYI\noverly simple or imprecise language | he got some stuff at the store\ncontractions | can't, won't\nContractions are not as informal as the other types, but they should be used sparingly in formal writing.\nCompare the following sentences. The first is informal. The second is formal.\nInformal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but they're awesome runners.\nFormal: Though ostriches are flightless, they are remarkably adept runners.\n\n\nQuestion:\nWhich sentence is more formal?\n\n0. Sarah Newton is an ace reporter, so it was not surprising that she was nominated for an award.\n1. Sarah Newton is an excellent reporter, so it came as no surprise when her work was nominated for an award." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The second sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses slang (ace).\nThe first sentence uses formal language in place of the slang, so it is more formal overall.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "When writing research papers, you will often be asked to follow a particular style guide for your citations. One popular style guide is the Modern Language Association (MLA) Handbook.\nBelow are the basic formats for some common types of Works Cited entries. Consult the MLA Handbook for a complete list.\nBooks:\nFormat | Author(s). Book Title. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication.\nExample | Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. New York: Dover Publications, 1995. Print.\nEssays, short stories, or poems in an anthology or book:\nFormat | Author(s). \"Essay, Poem, or Short Story Title.\" Anthology or Book Title. Ed. Editor Name. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Page Number(s). Medium of Publication.\nExample | James, Henry. \"The Middle Years.\" The Oxford Book of American Short Stories. Ed. Joyce Carol Oates. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2013. 116-135. Print.\nMagazine and newspaper articles:\nFormat | Author(s). \"Article Title.\" Title of Magazine or Newspaper Date of Publication: Page(s). Medium of Publication.\nExample | Hayes, David J., and James H. Stock. \"The Real Cost of Coal.\" New York Times 24 Mar. 2015: n. pag. Web. 25 Mar. 2015.\nJournal articles:\nFormat | Author(s). \"Article Title.\" Title of Journal Volume.Issue (Year): Page(s). Medium of Publication.\nExample | Gillette, Jane, et al. \"Human Simulations of Vocabulary Learning.\" Cognition 73.2 (1999): 135-176. Print.\nWeb pages:\nFormat | Author(s). \"Page Title.\" Name of Website. Publisher, Date of Publication. Medium of Publication. Date of Access.\nExample | Gunn, Janelle P., and Lauren E. Owens. \"How to Slash Sodium from Your Diet.\" Livestrong.com. Demand Media, 30 Mar. 2015. Web. 31 Mar. 2015.\nAdditional guidelines:\nAuthor Names. The first author's name is written in last name, first name format (Smith, Jane). Additional author names are written in first name last name format (Smith, Jane, and John Doe). If there are more than three authors, the first author's name is followed by \"et al.,\" which stands for and others (e.g., Smith, Jane, et al.).\nMedium of Publication. Each entry must include information about what form the content was communicated in. The most common mediums are \"Print\" and \"Web,\" but other possibilities include \"Film,\" \"E-mail,\" and \"Lecture.\" Whenever the Medium of Publication is \"Web,\" the date of access (the day, month, and year the webpage was viewed) must be listed directly after the Medium of Publication.\nEditors and Translators. If a work has an editor or a translator, this information must be added to the Works Cited entry using the appropriate abbreviation. \"Ed.\" stands for edited by. \"Trans.\" stands for translated by.\nMissing Information. If a work has no known author, the author section of the citation is simply left out. If a work has no available page numbers, the abbreviation \"n. pag.\" is used instead. If a work has no available publication date, the abbreviation \"n.d.\" is used instead. If a work has no available publisher or no available city of publication, the abbreviation \"n.p.\" is used instead.\n\n\nQuestion:\nWhat does this Works Cited entry indicate about the cited work?\nWhite, Julia. \"In My Proud Moments.\" Spread My Soul. Ed. L. Noel Harvey. Santa Fe: Inhstudio, 2002. 38. Print.\n\n0. It has two authors.\n1. It is an online source.\n2. It was published in Santa Fe." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Look closely at the Works Cited entry:\nWhite, Julia. \"In My Proud Moments.\" Spread My Soul. Ed. L. Noel Harvey. Santa Fe: Inhstudio, 2002. 38. Print.\nYou can tell that the cited work was published in Santa Fe by looking at the place of publication, which appears before the publisher name.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nA euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.\nThe head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat does the euphemism in this text suggest?\nBridgette is between jobs right now, so she's selling some of her old jewelry to help pay the bills.\n\n0. Bridgette is working two different jobs.\n1. Bridgette is unemployed." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text uses a euphemism, a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.\nThe euphemism between jobs means that Bridgette is unemployed.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the one true statement.\n\n0. The cell membrane directs cell activities by sending instructions to different parts of a plant cell.\n1. In plant cells, chromosomes contain the master plan for cell activities and cell development.\n2. In plant cells, the vacuoles contain the master plan for cell activities and cell development." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "\n\nQuestion:\nIs the following statement true or false?\nAnimal cells do not have mitochondria.\n\n0. false\n1. true" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Animal cells do not have mitochondria.\nThis statement is false. Not all cells have mitochondria, but most plant and animal cells have them.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.\nThe trees danced in the wind.\nThe word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, the personification suggests that the trees are moving.\n\nQuestion:\nComplete the sentence so that it uses personification.\nLast year spring was () and warmer weather didn't begin until April.\n\n0. unseasonably cool\n1. timid" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Complete the sentence with the word timid. It describes spring as if it were a person who is shy.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.\nFormal writing is typically used in academic and business writing or when writing directly to an authority figure. It tends to be more courteous and impersonal, avoiding overly familiar or conversational language.\nCompare the following sentences.\nInformal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but I think they're awesome.\nMore formal: Ostriches may be flightless, but they're remarkable runners.\nMost formal: Though flightless, ostriches are remarkable runners.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich memo to a manager is more formal?\n\n0. Please find attached my quarterly report.\n1. I've attached that report that I do every quarter." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The first memo to a manager is more formal. It uses more impersonal and elevated language (please find attached). The other memo to a manager uses a contraction (I've) and sounds more conversational.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Words are made up of syllables. Two kinds of syllables are closed and open.\nA closed syllable has one vowel and ends with a consonant. It usually has a short vowel sound.\ndesk: short e\nkit / ten: short i / short e\nAn open syllable ends with one vowel. It usually has a long vowel sound.\ngo: long o\nhe / ro: long e / long o\nSome open syllables end with y. The y makes a long e sound or a long i sound.\nsky: long i\nba / by: long a / long e\n\nQuestion:\nLook at the word. Does it have a closed syllable or an open syllable?\nshelf\n\n0. open\n1. closed" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The word shelf ends with a consonant and has a short vowel sound. So, it has a closed syllable.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Scientists sort animals with similar traits into groups. This is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live.\nHow do scientists classify animals? First, they make observations about an animal. Scientists observe the animal's traits, including its body parts and behavior. Then, scientists compare the animal's traits to other animals' traits. Scientists classify animals with similar traits into a group.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the one animal that has all of the fish traits listed above.\n\n0. Great crested newts have moist brown skin with black spots. Adult great crested newts mostly live on land, but young newts live underwater. Great crested newt eggs do not have shells. The female newts wrap their eggs in leaves for protection.\n1. Common clownfish are marine animals that have fins. They lay eggs with no shells. Many clownfish live within the tentacles of animals called anemones. The clownfish keeps the anemone healthy, while the anemone protects the clownfish from its predators." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group.\nFish have the following traits:\nThey have fins, not limbs.\nThey make eggs with no shells.\nCompare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits.\nA great crested newt has the following traits:\nIt spends part of its life in water and part on land.\nIt has moist skin.\nIt makes eggs with no shells.\nA great crested newt does not have all of the traits of a fish. A great crested newt is an amphibian.\nA common clownfish has the following traits:\nIt has fins, not limbs.\nIt makes eggs with no shells.\nA common clownfish has the traits of a fish. A common clownfish is a fish.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.\nImagine that you are wondering if plants grow to different heights when planted in different types of soil. How might you decide what supplies are necessary to conduct this experiment?\nFirst, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be tested, which is the independent variable. This is usually the part of the experiment that is different or changed. In this case, you would like to know how plants grow in different types of soil. So, you must have different types of soil available.\nNext, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be measured or observed, which is the dependent variable. In this experiment, you would like to know if some plants grow taller than others. So, you must be able to compare the plants' heights. To do this, you can observe which plants are taller by looking at them, or you can measure their exact heights with a meterstick.\nSo, if you have different types of soil and can observe or measure the heights of your plants, then you have the supplies you need to investigate your question with an experiment!\n\nQuestion:\nUsing only these supplies, which question can Nora investigate with an experiment?\n\n0. Do round rocks or flat rocks skip more times when thrown across the river?\n1. Do small rocks or large rocks skip more times when thrown across the river?\n2. Do rocks skip more times when thrown across a river or across a pond?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A pure substance is made of only one type of matter.\nA mixture is made of two or more types of matter mixed together.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the mixture.\n\n0. fruit punch\n1. carbon" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.\nImagine that you are wondering if plants grow to different heights when planted in different types of soil. How might you decide what supplies are necessary to conduct this experiment?\nFirst, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be tested, which is the independent variable. This is usually the part of the experiment that is different or changed. In this case, you would like to know how plants grow in different types of soil. So, you must have different types of soil available.\nNext, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be measured or observed, which is the dependent variable. In this experiment, you would like to know if some plants grow taller than others. So, you must be able to compare the plants' heights. To do this, you can observe which plants are taller by looking at them, or you can measure their exact heights with a meterstick.\nSo, if you have different types of soil and can observe or measure the heights of your plants, then you have the supplies you need to investigate your question with an experiment!\n\nQuestion:\nUsing only these supplies, which question can Madelyn investigate with an experiment?\n\n0. Does milk chocolate or dark chocolate melt faster when heated on the stove?\n1. Does milk chocolate melt faster when heated in a microwave or on a stove?\n2. Does dark chocolate or white chocolate melt faster when heated on the stove?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nA simile uses like or as to compare two things that are not actually alike.\nThe cat's fur was as dark as the night.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat does the simile in this text suggest?\nSamantha rubbed coconut oil on her hands, which were like the parched earth during a drought.\n\n0. Samantha's hands were dry and cracked.\n1. Samantha was baking something." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text includes a simile, using like or as to compare two things that are not actually alike.\nThe simile like the parched earth during a drought suggests that Samantha's hands were dry and cracked. A drought is a period without rain; the ground during a drought can become hard and cracked.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Similes and metaphors are figures of speech that compare two things that are not actually alike.\nA simile compares two things by saying that one is like the other. Similes often use the words like and as.\nMy sister runs like a cheetah.\nThe sister's running and a cheetah's running are compared using the word like.\nA cheetah is known for running fast, so the simile means that the sister also runs fast.\nThe cat's fur was as dark as the night.\nThe cat's fur and the night are compared using the word as.\nThe night is dark, so the simile means that the cat's fur is also dark.\nA metaphor compares two things by saying that one of them is the other. Unlike similes, metaphors don't use the word like or as.\nThe snow formed a blanket over the town.\nThe snow and a blanket are compared without the word like or as.\nA blanket is a large piece of cloth that completely covers a bed. The metaphor makes the reader imagine that the snow becomes a blanket, covering the town completely.\nUsing similes and metaphors in your writing can help you create an interesting picture for the reader.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich sentence uses a simile?\n\n0. The running children are a stampede of horses.\n1. The children ran by like a stampede of horses." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "This sentence uses a simile:\nThe children ran by like a stampede of horses.\nThe words children and stampede are compared using the word like.\nThis sentence uses a metaphor:\nThe running children are a stampede of horses.\nThe words children and stampede are compared without the word like or as.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "There are four kinds of sentences.\nA declarative sentence is a statement. It tells about something. A declarative sentence always ends with a period.\nI have an older brother and a younger sister.\nAn interrogative sentence is a question. It asks something. An interrogative sentence always ends with a question mark.\nHow tall are you?\nAn imperative sentence is a command. It makes a request or tells someone to do something. An imperative sentence usually ends with a period. If the command shows strong feeling, it ends with an exclamation point.\nRead the first chapter by next week.\nLook out for that car!\nAn exclamatory sentence is like a statement, but it shows surprise or strong feeling. An exclamatory sentence always ends with an exclamation point.\nSome whales are over ninety feet long!\nI can't wait until tomorrow!\n\nQuestion:\nWhat kind of sentence is this?\nMackenzie gave me flowers for no reason.\n\n0. declarative\n1. exclamatory" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The sentence tells about something, and it ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.\nDear Aunt Sue,\nI'm glad you could come to my party, and\nthank you for the birthday gift. I could not have\nasked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think\nof you.\nWith love,\nRory\n\nQuestion:\nWhich greeting is correct for a letter?\n\n0. Dear Mr. keller,\n1. Dear Mr. Keller," }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The first greeting is correct:\nIts first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Mr. Keller is capitalized because it is a proper noun.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.\nTo put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.\nIf one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order. For example, be comes before bed.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?\nspeed - sworn\n\n0. step\n1. sank" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Put the words in alphabetical order.\nSince step is between the guide words speed - sworn, it would be found on that page.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.\nA material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.\nFor example, a shiny material reflects a lot of light. A fragile material breaks when you drop it.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich is the most flexible?\n\n0. paper\n1. ceramic tea cup\n2. clay tile" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Flexible is a property. A flexible material can be bent without breaking easily.\nLook at each picture, one at a time. Imagine bending the material shown in each picture.\nOf the choices, the paper is the most flexible. If you fold a piece of paper, it will not break.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.\nWhen a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be more commonly used, many people consider a word's traditional definition to be the correct usage. Being able to distinguish the different uses of a word can help you use it appropriately for different audiences.\nBritney perused her notes, carefully preparing for her exam.\nThe traditional usage above is considered more standard.\nDavid perused the magazine, absentmindedly flipping through the pages.\nThe nontraditional usage above is now commonly used, but traditional style guides generally advise against it.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich text uses the word literally in its traditional sense?\n\n0. The curry that the chef prepared was so spicy that Mitchell literally had to drink three glasses of milk to ease the pain.\n1. The curry that the chef prepared was so spicy that Mitchell's mouth was literally on fire by the time he finished his meal." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The first text uses literally in its traditional sense: in a factual, non-exaggerated way.\nThe curry that the chef prepared was so spicy that Mitchell literally had to drink three glasses of milk to ease the pain.\nThe second text uses literally in its nontraditional sense: nearly or in effect (often exaggerated). Mitchell's mouth may be in pain, but it is not actually on fire.\nThe curry that the chef prepared was so spicy that Mitchell's mouth was literally on fire by the time he finished his meal.\nMost style guides recommend to avoid using the nontraditional sense of the word literally because it is generally considered incorrect.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.\nTo put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.\nIf one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order. For example, be comes before bed.\n\nQuestion:\nWould you find the word engine on a dictionary page with the following guide words?\neighty - expert\n\n0. yes\n1. no" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Put the words in alphabetical order.\nSince engine is between the guide words eighty - expert, it would be found on that page.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.\nFor example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color gene—one allele inherited from each parent.\nAn organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.\nAn organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.\n\nQuestion:\nBased on this information, what is Wishbone's phenotype for the fur texture trait?\n\n0. soft fur\n1. ff" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Wishbone's observable version of the fur texture trait is soft fur. So, Wishbone's phenotype for the fur texture trait is soft fur.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.\nMost present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.\nTwo verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.\nPast tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.\nMost past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.\nSome verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.\nFuture tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.\nAll future-tense verbs use the word will.\nPresent | Past | Future\nwalk, walks | walked | will walk\ngo, goes | went | will go\n\nQuestion:\nWhich tense does the sentence use?\nEvelyn will sweep the sidewalk in front of her store.\n\n0. present tense\n1. past tense\n2. future tense" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, sweep. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.\nA run-on sentence is formed when two sentences are run together, joined by just a comma or by no punctuation at all. If only a comma is used, the run-on is called a comma splice.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily, we have a concert in two weeks.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily we have a concert in two weeks.\nThere are several ways to fix a run-on sentence:\nUse stronger punctuation, such as a period or a semicolon.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily. We have a concert in two weeks.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily; we have a concert in two weeks.\nUse a comma and a coordinating conjunction to create a compound sentence. Coordinating conjunctions include and, but, or, and so.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily, and we have a concert in two weeks.\nUse a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun to create a complex sentence. Subordinating conjunctions include after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, and while. Relative pronouns include that, which, who, whom, and whose.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily since we have a concert in two weeks.\n\nQuestion:\nIs this a run-on sentence?\nOvercome with joy, Mrs. McBride told her husband the exciting news about her promotion.\n\n0. yes\n1. no" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "This is not a run-on sentence. It is not formed from two sentences that have been run together without appropriate punctuation.\nOvercome with joy, Mrs. McBride told her husband the exciting news about her promotion.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "\n\nQuestion:\nWhich of the following is an example of technologies?\n\n0. a compass to show direction\n1. a hurricane that damages homes" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.\nImagine that you are wondering if plants grow to different heights when planted in different types of soil. How might you decide what supplies are necessary to conduct this experiment?\nFirst, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be tested, which is the independent variable. This is usually the part of the experiment that is different or changed. In this case, you would like to know how plants grow in different types of soil. So, you must have different types of soil available.\nNext, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be measured or observed, which is the dependent variable. In this experiment, you would like to know if some plants grow taller than others. So, you must be able to compare the plants' heights. To do this, you can observe which plants are taller by looking at them, or you can measure their exact heights with a meterstick.\nSo, if you have different types of soil and can observe or measure the heights of your plants, then you have the supplies you need to investigate your question with an experiment!\n\nQuestion:\nUsing only these supplies, which question can Brian investigate with an experiment?\n\n0. Does a certain kind of tomato plant grow taller when planted in a clay pot or in a plastic pot?\n1. Which type of soil will cause a certain kind of tomato plant to grow the most fruit?\n2. Which of the three types of tomato seeds sprouts the fastest?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 2" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.\nIn a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.\nSome chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change caused by heating. When paper gets hot enough, it re­acts with oxygen in the air and burns. The paper and oxygen change into ash and smoke.\nIn a physical change, the type of matter stays the same. The types of matter before and after a physical change are always the same.\nA change of state is a type of physical change. Changes of state can be caused by heating or cooling. For example, ice melting is a physical change that can be caused by heating. Ice and liquid water are made of the same type of matter: water.\nThe law of conservation of mass says that all physical and chemical changes conserve mass. Conserve means to keep the same. So, the total mass before a physical or chemical change is equal to the total mass after the change.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat do these two changes have in common?\nbaking an apple pie\nwater evaporating from a puddle\n\n0. Both are chemical changes.\n1. Both are caused by heating.\n2. Both are only physical changes.\n3. Both are caused by cooling." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Step 1: Think about each change.\nBaking an apple pie is a chemical change. The type of matter in the pie changes. The apples become soft, and the crust turns brown.\nWater evaporating from a puddle is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The liquid changes into a gas, but a different type of matter is not formed.\nStep 2: Look at each answer choice.\nBoth are only physical changes.\nWater evaporating is a physical change. But baking a pie is not.\nBoth are chemical changes.\nBaking a pie is a chemical change. But water evaporating from a puddle is not.\nBoth are caused by heating.\nBoth changes are caused by heating.\nBoth are caused by cooling.\nNeither change is caused by cooling.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the action that doesn't belong.\n\n0. edit\n1. rewrite\n2. multiply\n3. write" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Multiply doesn't belong.\nRewrite, edit, and write all name things you do while writing.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.\nTo put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.\nIf one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order. For example, be comes before bed.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?\nvariety - visible\n\n0. voyage\n1. veil" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Put the words in alphabetical order.\nSince veil is between the guide words variety - visible, it would be found on that page.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A fact is something that can be proved to be true.\nThe month of July has more days than the month of June.\nThis is a fact. It can be proved by looking at a calendar and counting the number of days in each month.\nAn opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An opinion cannot be proved true.\nJuly is a better month than June for camping.\nThis is an opinion. People may have different opinions about which month is \"better\" for camping.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich sentence states a fact?\n\n0. Tomatoes can be red, pink, yellow, purple, white, or black.\n1. Red tomatoes taste better when they are cooked." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The first sentence states a fact.\nTomatoes can be red, pink, yellow, purple, white, or black.\nIt can be proved by checking a website about tomatoes.\nThe second sentence states an opinion.\nRed tomatoes taste better when they are cooked.\nBetter shows what a person believes, thinks, or feels. Another person might have a different opinion about whether cooked red tomatoes taste better.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.\nThe trees danced in the wind.\nThe word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, the personification suggests that the trees are moving.\n\nQuestion:\nComplete the sentence so that it uses personification.\nI felt like my fate was () when I broke my arm right before the biggest game of the season.\n\n0. scheming against me\n1. disastrous" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Complete the sentence with the phrase scheming against me. It describes fate as if it were a person who is trying to make me fail.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nAn idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.\nThe assignment was a piece of cake.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat does the idiom in this text suggest?\nMolly submitted her suggestions to Eddie; now the ball is in his court.\n\n0. Eddie feels like playing or relaxing, not working.\n1. Eddie needs to act next." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally.\nThe idiom the ball is in his court suggests that Eddie needs to act next. In tennis, when the ball is in a player's court, it is that person's turn.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.\nTo put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.\n\nQuestion:\nWould you find the word tie on a dictionary page with the following guide words?\nthrift - tug\n\n0. no\n1. yes" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Put the words in alphabetical order.\nSince tie is between the guide words thrift - tug, it would be found on that page.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.\nImagine that you are wondering if plants grow to different heights when planted in different types of soil. How might you decide what supplies are necessary to conduct this experiment?\nFirst, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be tested, which is the independent variable. This is usually the part of the experiment that is different or changed. In this case, you would like to know how plants grow in different types of soil. So, you must have different types of soil available.\nNext, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be measured or observed, which is the dependent variable. In this experiment, you would like to know if some plants grow taller than others. So, you must be able to compare the plants' heights. To do this, you can observe which plants are taller by looking at them, or you can measure their exact heights with a meterstick.\nSo, if you have different types of soil and can observe or measure the heights of your plants, then you have the supplies you need to investigate your question with an experiment!\n\nQuestion:\nUsing only these supplies, which question can Miranda investigate with an experiment?\n\n0. Does a rubber inner tube sled or a plastic sled go faster down a hill?\n1. Does a plastic sled or a wooden sled go down a hill faster?\n2. Does a rubber inner tube sled go faster down a small hill or down a big hill?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Similes and metaphors are figures of speech that compare two things that are not actually alike.\nA simile compares two things by saying that one is like the other. Similes often use the words like and as.\nMy sister runs like a cheetah.\nThe sister's running and a cheetah's running are compared using the word like.\nA cheetah is known for running fast, so the simile means that the sister also runs fast.\nThe cat's fur was as dark as the night.\nThe cat's fur and the night are compared using the word as.\nThe night is dark, so the simile means that the cat's fur is also dark.\nA metaphor compares two things by saying that one of them is the other. Unlike similes, metaphors don't use the word like or as.\nThe snow formed a blanket over the town.\nThe snow and a blanket are compared without the word like or as.\nA blanket is a large piece of cloth that completely covers a bed. The metaphor makes the reader imagine that the snow becomes a blanket, covering the town completely.\nUsing similes and metaphors in your writing can help you create an interesting picture for the reader.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich sentence uses a metaphor?\n\n0. Mr. Smith's long legs were sunflower stalks.\n1. Mr. Smith's legs were as long as sunflower stalks." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "This sentence uses a metaphor:\nMr. Smith's long legs were sunflower stalks.\nThe words legs and sunflower stalks are compared without the word like or as.\nThis sentence uses a simile:\nMr. Smith's legs were as long as sunflower stalks.\nThe words legs and sunflower stalks are compared using the word as.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.\nDear Aunt Sue,\nI'm glad you could come to my party, and\nthank you for the birthday gift. I could not have\nasked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think\nof you.\nWith love,\nRory\n\nQuestion:\nWhich greeting is correct for a letter?\n\n0. Dear Kyle,\n1. Dear kyle," }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The first greeting is correct:\nIts first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Kyle is capitalized because it is a proper noun.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.\nThe energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.\nTemperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the atoms in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.\nWhat happens if the amount of matter changes? A 2-kilogram brick at 70°F has twice as much thermal energy as a 1-kilogram brick at 70°F. The two bricks have the same temperature, but the larger brick has twice as many atoms. So, it has twice as much thermal energy.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich plate of spaghetti has a higher temperature?\n\n0. the plate of spaghetti with more thermal energy\n1. the plate of spaghetti with less thermal energy" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The two plates of spaghetti are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the plate of spaghetti with more thermal energy has a higher temperature.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.\nTo put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.\nIf one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order. For example, be comes before bed.\n\nQuestion:\nWould you find the word regiment on a dictionary page with the following guide words?\nrake - rogue\n\n0. yes\n1. no" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Put the words in alphabetical order.\nSince regiment is between the guide words rake - rogue, it would be found on that page.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nMass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.\nThere are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.\nThere are 1,000 grams in 1 kilogram. So, 1 gram is much less than 1 kilogram.\nA paper clip has a mass of about 1 gram, while a textbook has a mass of about 1 kilogram.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the mass of a full box of cereal?\n\n0. 470 grams\n1. 470 kilograms" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The better estimate for the mass of a full box of cereal is 470 grams.\n470 kilograms is too heavy.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.\nWeather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.\nClimate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.\n\nQuestion:\nDoes this passage describe the weather or the climate?\nMorning clouds usually clear up by noon where Kimi lives.\n\n0. climate\n1. weather" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Read the text carefully.\nMorning clouds usually clear up by noon where Kimi lives.\nThis passage tells you about the usual pattern of clouds where Kimi lives. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.\nIn a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before and after a chemical change are always different.\nBurning a piece of paper is a chemical change. As paper burns, paper molecules react with oxygen molecules in the air. This reaction breaks the chemical bonds in the molecules. The atoms then relink and form different molecules. For example, carbon dioxide molecules are created when paper burns.\nIn a physical change, chemical bonds do not break. The types of molecules in matter before and after a physical change are always the same.\nA change of state is a type of physical change. For example, water vaporizing is a physical change. Liquid water and water vapor are made of the same type of matter: water.\n\nQuestion:\nComplete the sentence.\nUsing a large magnet to remove pieces of iron from a junkyard is a ().\n\n0. physical change\n1. chemical change" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Using a large magnet to remove pieces of iron from a junkyard is a physical change. Both the iron and the magnet are still made of the same type of matter as before.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nMass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.\nThere are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or tons.\nThere are 16 ounces in 1 pound and 2,000 pounds in 1 ton.\nSo, 1 ounce is less than 1 pound and much less than 1 ton.\nA slice of bread has a mass of about 1 ounce, while a can of beans has a mass of about 1 pound. A small car has a mass of about 1 ton.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the mass of a fire truck?\n\n0. 20 ounces\n1. 20 pounds\n2. 20 tons" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The best estimate for the mass of a fire truck is 20 tons.\n20 ounces and 20 pounds are both too light.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.\nThe energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.\nTemperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the atoms in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.\nWhat happens if the amount of matter changes? A 2-kilogram brick at 70°F has twice as much thermal energy as a 1-kilogram brick at 70°F. The two bricks have the same temperature, but the larger brick has twice as many atoms. So, it has twice as much thermal energy.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich drop of dish soap has a higher temperature?\n\n0. the drop of dish soap with more thermal energy\n1. the drop of dish soap with less thermal energy" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The two drops of dish soap are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the drop of dish soap with more thermal energy has a higher temperature.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.\nA run-on sentence is formed when two sentences are run together, joined by just a comma or by no punctuation at all. If only a comma is used, the run-on is called a comma splice.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily, we have a concert in two weeks.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily we have a concert in two weeks.\nThere are several ways to fix a run-on sentence:\nUse stronger punctuation, such as a period or a semicolon.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily. We have a concert in two weeks.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily; we have a concert in two weeks.\nUse a comma and a coordinating conjunction to create a compound sentence. Coordinating conjunctions include and, but, or, and so.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily, and we have a concert in two weeks.\nUse a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun to create a complex sentence. Subordinating conjunctions include after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, and while. Relative pronouns include that, which, who, whom, and whose.\nThe band I'm in has been rehearsing daily since we have a concert in two weeks.\n\nQuestion:\nIs this a run-on sentence?\nWhen a dog wags its tail, it doesn't always mean the dog is happy or friendly, a wag that is slow and restrained may convey a warning to \"back off.\"\n\n0. yes\n1. no" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "This is a run-on sentence. It is a comma splice formed from two sentences run together, joined by just a comma.\nWhen a dog wags its tail, it doesn't always mean the dog is happy or friendly, a wag that is slow and restrained may convey a warning to \"back off.\"\nHere is one way to fix the run-on sentence:\nWhen a dog wags its tail, it doesn't always mean the dog is happy or friendly. A wag that is slow and restrained may convey a warning to \"back off.\"\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.\nFor example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color gene—one allele inherited from each parent.\nAn organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.\nAn organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.\n\nQuestion:\nBased on this information, what is this bitter melon plant's genotype for the seed color gene?\n\n0. dark brown seeds\n1. DD" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. The bitter melon plant has two alleles for dark brown seeds (D). So, the plant's genotype for the seed color gene is DD.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nAnaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.\nWe are united. We are powerful. We are winners.\nAntithesis involves contrasting opposing ideas within a parallel grammatical structure.\nI want to help, not to hurt.\nApostrophe is a direct address to an absent person or a nonhuman entity.\nOh, little bird, what makes you sing so beautifully?\nAssonance is the repetition of a vowel sound in a series of nearby words.\nTry to light the fire.\nChiasmus is an expression in which the second half parallels the first but reverses the order of words.\nNever let a fool kiss you or a kiss fool you.\nA euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.\nThe head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.\nHyperbole is an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.\nI ate so much that I think I might explode!\nAn oxymoron is a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.\nSome reviewers are calling this book a new classic.\nA paradox is a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.\nAlways expect the unexpected.\nUnderstatement involves deliberately representing something as less serious or important than it really is.\nAs you know, it can get a little cold in the Antarctic.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich figure of speech is used in this text?\n\"This box weighs a ton!\" Scott panted. \"Irma, would you mind helping me carry it up the stairs?\"\n\n0. chiasmus\n1. hyperbole" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text uses hyperbole, an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.\nA ton is an exaggeration, since it would be impossible for one or two people to carry a box that weighed a ton, or 2000 pounds.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "\n\nQuestion:\nAnswer the riddle.\nI am white.\nYou can drink me.\nI come from a cow.\nWhat am I?\n\n0. a calf\n1. milk" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Milk is white.\nYou can drink milk.\nMilk comes from a cow.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.\nCosts are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.\nBenefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you want or need.\n\nQuestion:\nSuppose Layla decides to plant the eucalyptus tree. Which result would be a cost?\n\n0. The eucalyptus tree will use up more space than the hydrangeas would have used up.\n1. Layla will get to look at the eucalyptus tree. She thinks it will look more beautiful than the hydrangeas would have looked." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Layla wants or needs:\nThe eucalyptus tree will use up more space than the hydrangeas would have used up.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nA euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.\nThe head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.\nHyperbole is an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.\nI ate so much that I think I might explode!\nAn oxymoron is a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.\nSome reviewers are calling this book a new classic.\nA paradox is a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.\nAlways expect the unexpected.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich figure of speech is used in this text?\nIt's an open secret that Steven is writing a book based on his experiences living in Singapore. He never talks about it, but almost all his friends know.\n\n0. oxymoron\n1. euphemism" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.\nOpen secret is a contradiction, because open describes something that is freely or publicly known, and a secret is hidden.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:\nType | Examples\nslang | cool, awesome\nidioms | knock your socks off\nconversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah\nabbreviated language | ASAP, FYI\noverly simple or imprecise language | he got some stuff at the store\ncontractions | can't, won't\nContractions are not as informal as the other types, but they should be used sparingly in formal writing.\nCompare the following sentences. The first is informal. The second is formal.\nInformal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but they're awesome runners.\nFormal: Though ostriches are flightless, they are remarkably adept runners.\n\n\nQuestion:\nWhich sentence is more formal?\n\n0. In 2012, SpaceX made a splash by becoming the first private company to dock a spacecraft at the International Space Station.\n1. In 2012, SpaceX drew a great deal of attention by becoming the first private company to dock a spacecraft at the International Space Station." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The second sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses an idiom (made a splash).\nThe first sentence uses formal language in place of the idiom, so it is more formal overall.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nMass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.\nThere are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or tons.\nThere are 16 ounces in 1 pound and 2,000 pounds in 1 ton.\nSo, 1 ounce is less than 1 pound and much less than 1 ton.\nA slice of bread has a mass of about 1 ounce, while a can of beans has a mass of about 1 pound. A small car has a mass of about 1 ton.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the mass of a guitar?\n\n0. 8 tons\n1. 8 ounces\n2. 8 pounds" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The best estimate for the mass of a guitar is 8 pounds.\n8 ounces is too light and 8 tons is too heavy.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.\nFor example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color gene—one allele inherited from each parent.\nAn organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.\nAn organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.\nSome traits, like flower color in pea plants, are controlled by a single gene. Most plants and animals have a genotype made up of two alleles for these traits. These two alleles determine whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous for the gene.\nAn organism with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype FF or ff is homozygous for the flower color gene.\nAn organism with two different alleles for a gene is heterozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype Ff is heterozygous for the flower color gene.\nThe types of alleles in an organism's genotype determine the organism's phenotype. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of a trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.\nA dominant allele causes its version of the trait to appear even when the organism also has a recessive allele for the gene. In pea plants, the F allele, which causes purple flowers, is dominant over the f allele. A pea plant with at least one F allele will have the F allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype FF or Ff will have purple flowers.\nA recessive allele causes its version of the trait to appear only when the organism does not have any dominant alleles for the gene. In pea plants, the f allele, which causes white flowers, is recessive to the F allele. A pea plant with only f alleles will have the f allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype ff will have white flowers.\n\nQuestion:\nBased on this information, what is this plant's phenotype for the pod shape trait?\n\n0. constricted pods\n1. inflated pods" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "You need to determine the pea plant's phenotype for the pod shape trait. First, consider the alleles in the plant's genotype for the pod shape gene. Then, decide whether these alleles are dominant or recessive.\nThe allele for inflated pods (D) is dominant over the allele for constricted pods (d). This means D is a dominant allele, and d is a recessive allele.\nThe pea plant's genotype of Dd has one dominant allele and one recessive allele. An organism with at least one dominant allele for a gene will have the dominant allele's version of the trait. So, the pea plant's phenotype for the pod shape trait must be inflated pods.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.\nThe Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach\nThese words are not important in titles:\nArticles, a, an, the\nShort prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up\nCoordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or\n\nQuestion:\nWhich correctly shows the title of a movie?\n\n0. The Fox and the Hound\n1. the Fox and the hound" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The words and and the are not important, so they should not be capitalized.\nThe correct title is The Fox and the Hound.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nMass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.\nThere are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.\nThere are 1,000 grams in 1 kilogram. So, 1 gram is much less than 1 kilogram.\nA paper clip has a mass of about 1 gram, while a textbook has a mass of about 1 kilogram.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the mass of an eraser?\n\n0. 46 grams\n1. 46 kilograms" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The better estimate for the mass of an eraser is 46 grams.\n46 kilograms is too heavy.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nA euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.\nThe head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.\nHyperbole is an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.\nI ate so much that I think I might explode!\nAn oxymoron is a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.\nSome reviewers are calling this book a new classic.\nA paradox is a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.\nAlways expect the unexpected.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich figure of speech is used in this text?\nAll the cars at McCoy's Auto Dealership are certified pre-owned. Although they all seem to be in good condition, I think I'd prefer to buy a new car.\n\n0. euphemism\n1. hyperbole" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text uses a euphemism, a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.\nPre-owned is an indirect way of saying used.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.\nImagine that you are wondering if plants grow to different heights when planted in different types of soil. How might you decide what supplies are necessary to conduct this experiment?\nFirst, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be tested, which is the independent variable. This is usually the part of the experiment that is different or changed. In this case, you would like to know how plants grow in different types of soil. So, you must have different types of soil available.\nNext, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be measured or observed, which is the dependent variable. In this experiment, you would like to know if some plants grow taller than others. So, you must be able to compare the plants' heights. To do this, you can observe which plants are taller by looking at them, or you can measure their exact heights with a meterstick.\nSo, if you have different types of soil and can observe or measure the heights of your plants, then you have the supplies you need to investigate your question with an experiment!\n\nQuestion:\nUsing only these supplies, which question can Riley investigate with an experiment?\n\n0. Do rocks skip more times when thrown across a river or across a pond?\n1. Do round rocks or flat rocks skip more times when thrown across the river?\n2. Do small rocks or large rocks skip more times when thrown across the river?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 2" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Overall supply is the total amount of a good or service that producers make and sell. There are several things that can make overall supply go up or down. The table below shows how changes to these things might affect overall supply.\n | Resources | Number of producers or suppliers | Expected change in demand\nSupply goes up | when resources cost less or are easier to get | when there are more producers or suppliers | when demand is expected to go up\nSupply goes down | when resources cost more or are harder to get | when there are fewer producers or suppliers | when demand is expected to go down\nProducers are people or companies that make goods or provide services. Suppliers are people or companies that sell goods or services. New inventions or technologies can also help workers produce goods and services more quickly. As a result of these changes, the supply of a good or service will often go up.\n\nQuestion:\nLast year, canvas shoes were in style. This year, all the fashion magazines are showing leather shoes. What will probably happen to the overall supply of leather shoes over the next year?\n\n0. The supply will probably go up.\n1. The supply will probably go down." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Producers know that consumers like to buy goods that are in style. They expect that leather shoes will be in style this year. So, there is an expected change in demand for leather shoes. Producers want to sell as many pairs of leather shoes as they can. So, the supply of leather shoes will probably go up.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nAnaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.\nWe are united. We are powerful. We are winners.\nAntithesis involves contrasting opposing ideas within a parallel grammatical structure.\nI want to help, not to hurt.\nApostrophe is a direct address to an absent person or a nonhuman entity.\nOh, little bird, what makes you sing so beautifully?\nAssonance is the repetition of a vowel sound in a series of nearby words.\nTry to light the fire.\nChiasmus is an expression in which the second half parallels the first but reverses the order of words.\nNever let a fool kiss you or a kiss fool you.\nA euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.\nThe head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.\nHyperbole is an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.\nI ate so much that I think I might explode!\nAn oxymoron is a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.\nSome reviewers are calling this book a new classic.\nA paradox is a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.\nAlways expect the unexpected.\nUnderstatement involves deliberately representing something as less serious or important than it really is.\nAs you know, it can get a little cold in the Antarctic.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich figure of speech is used in this text?\nI've heard that Shawna & Co. is downsizing, so I'm happy to see that their store in downtown Greenville will remain open for now.\n\n0. hyperbole\n1. euphemism" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text uses a euphemism, a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.\nDownsizing is an indirect way of saying that the company is planning on firing employees, closing shops or branches, and/or reducing its budget.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Words are made up of syllables. Two kinds of syllables are closed and open.\nA closed syllable has one vowel and ends with a consonant. It usually has a short vowel sound.\ndesk: short e\nkit / ten: short i / short e\nAn open syllable ends with one vowel. It usually has a long vowel sound.\ngo: long o\nhe / ro: long e / long o\nSome open syllables end with y. The y makes a long e sound or a long i sound.\nsky: long i\nba / by: long a / long e\n\nQuestion:\nLook at the word. Does it have a closed syllable or an open syllable?\ngo\n\n0. open\n1. closed" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The word go ends with a vowel and has a long vowel sound. So, it has an open syllable.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nMass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.\nThere are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.\nThere are 1,000 grams in 1 kilogram. So, 1 gram is much less than 1 kilogram.\nA paper clip has a mass of about 1 gram, while a textbook has a mass of about 1 kilogram.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the mass of an apple?\n\n0. 85 kilograms\n1. 85 grams" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The better estimate for the mass of an apple is 85 grams.\n85 kilograms is too heavy.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.\nWhen Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.\nThe pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.\nVague pronoun references can be corrected in one of two ways:\n1. Replace the pronoun with its correct antecedent:\nWhen Lisa and Kim finally landed, Lisa breathed a sigh of relief.\n2. Rewrite the sentence:\nLisa breathed a sigh of relief when she and Kim finally landed.\nA vague pronoun reference also occurs when they, them, their, theirs, it, or its is used without its antecedent.\nThey say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.\nThe pronoun they is used without its antecedent, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.\nThis problem can be fixed by replacing the pronoun with its missing antecedent.\nThe advertisements say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?\n\n0. Ron's brother wasn't feeling well, so Ron had to stay home with him.\n1. Ron had to stay home with his brother because he wasn't feeling well." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun he could refer to Ron or his brother.\nRon had to stay home with his brother because he wasn't feeling well.\nThe second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has been rewritten so that the meaning is clear.\nRon's brother wasn't feeling well, so Ron had to stay home with him.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.\nTo put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.\nIf one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order. For example, be comes before bed.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?\nceiling - claim\n\n0. car\n1. chick" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Put the words in alphabetical order.\nSince chick is between the guide words ceiling - claim, it would be found on that page.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Latrell acquired this trait?\n\n0. Latrell learned how to knit in an after school program.\n1. Latrell knits sweaters using cotton, wool, and other types of yarn." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.\nImagine that you are wondering if plants grow to different heights when planted in different types of soil. How might you decide what supplies are necessary to conduct this experiment?\nFirst, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be tested, which is the independent variable. This is usually the part of the experiment that is different or changed. In this case, you would like to know how plants grow in different types of soil. So, you must have different types of soil available.\nNext, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be measured or observed, which is the dependent variable. In this experiment, you would like to know if some plants grow taller than others. So, you must be able to compare the plants' heights. To do this, you can observe which plants are taller by looking at them, or you can measure their exact heights with a meterstick.\nSo, if you have different types of soil and can observe or measure the heights of your plants, then you have the supplies you need to investigate your question with an experiment!\n\nQuestion:\nUsing only these supplies, which question can Luna investigate with an experiment?\n\n0. Will eight ounces of carbonated water or eight ounces of tap water get warmer when placed in a jar in the sun?\n1. When placed in the sun, will eight ounces of water in a closed jar or eight ounces of water in an open jar get warmer?\n2. When placed in the sun, will eight ounces of water in a glass jar or eight ounces of water in a plastic cup get warmer?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat information supports the conclusion that Bruce acquired this trait?\n\n0. Bruce is most interested in plant biology.\n1. Bruce learned biology by doing experiments." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.\nAn independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.\nthe oranges on our tree are ripe\nThe clause can stand alone. It is independent.\nafter we pick up Kevin from work\nThe clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.\nA simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.\nBen and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.\nSome simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.\nIn the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.\nBen usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.\nA compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.\nWe saw a flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard the rumble of thunder.\nA complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause usually begins with a subordinating conjunction such as after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, or while.\nIf she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich is a compound sentence?\n\n0. The barber and his brother opened their shop in Harlem more than thirty years ago.\n1. Hazel dislikes radishes, so she always orders her salad without them." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The second sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction so.\nHazel dislikes radishes, so she always orders her salad without them.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.\nInherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.\nAcquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.\n\nQuestion:\nIs the following trait inherited or acquired?\nJudith is good at cooking.\n\n0. acquired\n1. inherited" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "People are not born knowing how to cook. Instead, many people learn how to cook. So, cooking is an acquired trait.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nA euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.\nThe head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.\nHyperbole is an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.\nI ate so much that I think I might explode!\nAn oxymoron is a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.\nSome reviewers are calling this book a new classic.\nA paradox is a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.\nAlways expect the unexpected.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich figure of speech is used in this text?\nThe city of Richmond is currently experiencing a minor crisis. Its sanitation workers are on strike, and the garbage is piling up in the streets.\n\n0. paradox\n1. oxymoron" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.\nMinor crisis is a contradiction, because minor means small or insignificant, and a crisis is a large problem.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.\nFor example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color gene—one allele inherited from each parent.\nAn organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.\nAn organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.\n\nQuestion:\nBased on this information, what is this pea plant's genotype for the pod color gene?\n\n0. Dd\n1. green pods" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. The pea plant has one allele for green pods (D) and one allele for yellow pods (d). So, the plant's genotype for the pod color gene is Dd.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A thermometer is a tool that measures temperature. Temperature can be measured in degrees. The symbol for degrees is °.\nSome thermometers measure temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (°F). Fahrenheit is one scale used to measure temperature.\nThis is a tube thermometer. It has a tube filled with a red liquid.\nThere is a Fahrenheit scale along the right side of the tube. The top of the red liquid lines up with the number 80 on the scale. So, the temperature shown by this thermometer is 80°F.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the temperature shown by this thermometer.\n\n0. 85°F\n1. 55°F\n2. 50°F" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Find the top of the red liquid.\nNow look at the scale to the right. The top of the red liquid is halfway between 80 and 90. So, the temperature is 85°F.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nAnaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.\nWe are united. We are powerful. We are winners.\nAntithesis involves contrasting opposing ideas within a parallel grammatical structure.\nI want to help, not to hurt.\nApostrophe is a direct address to an absent person or a nonhuman entity.\nOh, little bird, what makes you sing so beautifully?\nAssonance is the repetition of a vowel sound in a series of nearby words.\nTry to light the fire.\nChiasmus is an expression in which the second half parallels the first but reverses the order of words.\nNever let a fool kiss you or a kiss fool you.\nUnderstatement involves deliberately representing something as less serious or important than it really is.\nAs you know, it can get a little cold in the Antarctic.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich figure of speech is used in this text?\nI would remind you that extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice. And let me remind you also that moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue.\n—Barry Goldwater, in his acceptance speech at the 1964 Republican National Convention\n\n0. antithesis\n1. chiasmus" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text uses antithesis, the contrasting of opposing ideas within a parallel grammatical structure.\nGoldwater contrasts two parallel clauses, extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice and moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Rocks are made of minerals. Here are some properties of rocks:\nThey are solid.\nThey are formed in nature.\nThey are not made by living things.\nThey are not pure substances.\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the one substance that is not a rock.\n\n0. Diorite is a solid. It is not made by living things.\n1. A peach pit is made by a living thing. It is not a pure substance.\n2. Granite is a solid. It is not a pure substance." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of rocks. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of rocks.\nGranite is a rock.\nA peach pit is made by a living thing. But rocks are not made by living things.\nSo, a peach pit is not a rock.\nDiorite is a rock.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.\nIn a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter before and after a chemical change are always different.\nSome chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change caused by heating. As paper burns, paper molecules react with oxygen molecules in the air. This reaction breaks the chemical bonds in the molecules. The atoms then link together in a different way to form different molecules. For example, carbon dioxide molecules are formed when paper burns.\nIn a physical change, chemical bonds do not break. The types of molecules in matter before and after a physical change are always the same.\nA change of state is a type of physical change. Changes of state can be caused by heating or cooling. For example, water vaporizing is a physical change that can be caused by heating. Liquid water and water vapor are made of the same type of matter: water.\nThe law of conservation of mass says that all physical and chemical changes conserve mass. Conserve means to keep the same. So, the total mass before a physical or chemical change is equal to the total mass after the change.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat do these two changes have in common?\ncooking a pancake\nsalt and vinegar removing tarnish from a penny\n\n0. Both are caused by cooling.\n1. Both are only physical changes.\n2. Both are caused by heating.\n3. Both are chemical changes." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Step 1: Think about each change.\nCooking a pancake is a chemical change. Pancakes are made from pancake batter. A cooked pancake is a different type of matter than pancake batter. Pancake batter is wet and slippery. Cooked pancakes are fluffy and can be good to eat!\nSalt and vinegar removing tarnish from a penny is a chemical change. The salt and vinegar change the tarnish into a different type of matter that can be easily wiped away. This makes the penny look shiny again.\nStep 2: Look at each answer choice.\nBoth are only physical changes.\nBoth changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes.\nBoth are chemical changes.\nBoth changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different.\nBoth are caused by heating.\nCooking is caused by heating. But salt and vinegar removing tarnish from a penny is not.\nBoth are caused by cooling.\nNeither change is caused by cooling.\nTherefore my final answer is: 3" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.\nDear Aunt Sue,\nI'm glad you could come to my party, and\nthank you for the birthday gift. I could not have\nasked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think\nof you.\nWith love,\nRory\n\nQuestion:\nWhich greeting is correct for a letter?\n\n0. Dear Tucker,\n1. dear Tucker," }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The first greeting is correct:\nIts first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Tucker is capitalized because it is a proper noun.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nVerbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.\nOlivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking down.\nEach breakdown is as enjoyable as a punch to the face.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat does the verbal irony in this text suggest?\nAfter a jog around the block, Helen collapsed on the couch and declared with a wheeze, \"Well, I'm ready to run a marathon.\"\n\n0. Helen was out of shape.\n1. Helen felt full of energy." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.\nReady to run a marathon ironically suggests that Helen was out of shape. She was actually far from ready to run a marathon.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.\nDear Aunt Sue,\nI'm glad you could come to my party, and\nthank you for the birthday gift. I could not have\nasked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think\nof you.\nWith love,\nRory\n\nQuestion:\nWhich closing is correct for a letter?\n\n0. Your niece,\nCarla\n1. your niece,\nCarla" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The second closing is correct:\nIts first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nMass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.\nThere are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.\nThere are 1,000 grams in 1 kilogram. So, 1 gram is much less than 1 kilogram.\nA paper clip has a mass of about 1 gram, while a textbook has a mass of about 1 kilogram.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat is the mass of a floor lamp?\n\n0. 3 kilograms\n1. 3 grams" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The better estimate for the mass of a floor lamp is 3 kilograms.\n3 grams is too light.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Chemical changes and physical changes are two ways matter can change.\nIn a chemical change, the type of matter changes.\nBurning a piece of paper is a chemical change. The paper changes into ash and smoke.\nIn a physical change, the type of matter stays the same.\nCutting a piece of paper is a physical change. The cut pieces are still made of paper.\nIce melting is also a physical change. When ice melts, it changes from a solid to a liquid. But both ice and liquid water are made of the same type of matter: water! This kind of change is called a change of state.\n\nQuestion:\nComplete the sentence.\nMixing sand and water is a ().\n\n0. physical change\n1. chemical change" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Mixing sand and water is a physical change. Adding water makes the sand wet. But both the sand and water are still made of the same type of matter as before.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.\nIn a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.\nSome chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change caused by heating. When paper gets hot enough, it re­acts with oxygen in the air and burns. The paper and oxygen change into ash and smoke.\nIn a physical change, the type of matter stays the same. The types of matter before and after a physical change are always the same.\nA change of state is a type of physical change. Changes of state can be caused by heating or cooling. For example, ice melting is a physical change that can be caused by heating. Ice and liquid water are made of the same type of matter: water.\nThe law of conservation of mass says that all physical and chemical changes conserve mass. Conserve means to keep the same. So, the total mass before a physical or chemical change is equal to the total mass after the change.\n\nQuestion:\nWhat do these two changes have in common?\nchicken cooking in an oven\nbaking an apple pie\n\n0. Both are caused by cooling.\n1. Both are caused by heating.\n2. Both are only physical changes." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Step 1: Think about each change.\nCooking chicken is a chemical change. The heat causes the matter in the chicken to change. Cooked chicken and raw chicken are different types of matter.\nBaking an apple pie is a chemical change. The type of matter in the pie changes when it is baked. The crust turns brown, and the apples become soft.\nStep 2: Look at each answer choice.\nBoth are only physical changes.\nBoth changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes.\nBoth are chemical changes.\nBoth changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different.\nBoth are caused by heating.\nBoth changes are caused by heating.\nBoth are caused by cooling.\nNeither change is caused by cooling.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the one true statement.\n\n0. Chromosomes break down sugar to release energy that an animal cell can use.\n1. The nucleus directs a plant cell's activities by sending instructions to different parts of the cell.\n2. Chloroplasts direct cell activities by sending instructions to different parts of a plant cell." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.\nTo put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.\nIf one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order. For example, be comes before bed.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?\nshatter - stagger\n\n0. slight\n1. sandwich" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Put the words in alphabetical order.\nSince slight is between the guide words shatter - stagger, it would be found on that page.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A force is a push or a pull.\nA force can make an object start moving or stop an object that is moving. A force can also make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction.\nForces can be different sizes.\nThink about trying to move a heavy object and a light object. Imagine you want to move them at the same speed. You will need to use a larger force to move the heavy object.\n\nQuestion:\nMarco starts to pull the wagon across the yard. To move the wagon at the same speed each time, which friend does Marco need to pull with a larger force?\n\n0. a friend who weighs 28 pounds\n1. a friend who weighs 35 pounds" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Look for the friend who is heavier.\nA friend who weighs 35 pounds is heavier than a friend who weighs 28 pounds. So, to move the wagon at the same speed each time, Marco needs to use a larger force to start moving the wagon with a friend who weighs 35 pounds.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.\nWeather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.\nClimate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.\n\nQuestion:\nDoes this passage describe the weather or the climate?\nThe sky is clear today. So, Erik thinks the air pressure must be high.\n\n0. weather\n1. climate" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Read the text carefully.\nThe sky is clear today. So, Erik thinks the air pressure must be high.\nAir pressure is caused by the weight of the air in the atmosphere. When the air pressure is high, the sky is usually clear.\nThis passage tells you about the air pressure right now where Erik is. It describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.\nAlliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.\nWhat a lucky little lady you are!\nAn allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.\n\"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!\" Lila remarked.\nAn idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.\nThe assignment was a piece of cake.\nA simile uses like or as to compare two things that are not actually alike.\nThe cat's fur was as dark as the night.\nA metaphor compares two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.\nThe snow formed a blanket over the town.\nOnomatopoeia involves using a word that expresses a sound.\nThe scrambled eggs hit the floor with a splat.\nPersonification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.\nThe trees danced in the wind.\nA pun involves using a word or phrase in a humorous way that suggests more than one meaning.\nA great new broom is sweeping the nation.\nVerbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.\nOlivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking down.\nEach breakdown is as enjoyable as a punch to the face.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich figure of speech is used in this text?\nAfter Brianna cooked and served a scrumptious dinner, Dad boasted that she is the Julia Child of our family.\n\n0. allusion\n1. simile" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known.\nJulia Child alludes to the famous chef who is known for popularizing French cuisine in the United States.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.\nA logical fallacy may present irrelevant information:\nFallacy | Description\nad hominem | a personal attack meant to discredit one's opponent\nappeal to nature | an argument that assumes the natural choice is always the best choice\nbandwagon fallacy | an argument that assumes the popular choice is always the best choice\ncircular reasoning | an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself\nguilt by association | an unfair negative association with another person or group that is intended to discredit someone or something\nred herring | the use of a completely unrelated topic in support of a claim\nA logical fallacy may misrepresent the issues at hand:\nFallacy | Description\nfalse causation | the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other\nfalse dichotomy | an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist\nhasty generalization | a very broad claim based on very little evidence\nstraw man | a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against\n\n\nQuestion:\nWhich logical fallacy is used in the text?\nMichelle has no school spirit—she never comes to any of our football games.\n\n0. false dichotomy: an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist\n1. ad hominem: a personal attack against one's opponent" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text argues that Michelle doesn't have school spirit, because she doesn't go to football games. However, there may be a number of reasons why Michelle doesn't go to football games. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a false dichotomy.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.\nMost present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.\nTwo verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.\nPast tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.\nMost past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.\nSome verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.\nFuture tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.\nAll future-tense verbs use the word will.\nPresent | Past | Future\nwalk, walks | walked | will walk\ngo, goes | went | will go\n\nQuestion:\nWhich tense does the sentence use?\nEmmet carefully spelled the word aloud.\n\n0. past tense\n1. future tense\n2. present tense" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The sentence is in past tense. You can tell because it uses a past-tense verb, spelled. The verb ends in -ed and tells you about something that has already happened.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.\nA logical fallacy may present irrelevant information:\nFallacy | Description\nad hominem | an attack against the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself\nappeal to nature | an argument that assumes the natural choice is always the best choice\nbandwagon fallacy | an argument that assumes the popular choice is always the best choice\ncircular reasoning | an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself\nguilt by association | an unfair negative association with another person or group that is intended to discredit someone or something\nA logical fallacy may misrepresent the issues at hand:\nFallacy | Description\nfalse causation | the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other\nfalse dichotomy | an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist\nhasty generalization | a broad claim based on too few observations\nslippery slope fallacy | the false assumption that a small first step will necessarily lead to extreme consequences\nstraw man | a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against\n\n\nQuestion:\nWhich logical fallacy is used in the text?\nI won't even bother to respond to Isaiah's comment on my op-ed. His profile picture is a duck wearing a top hat—he's clearly incapable of thoughtful debate.\n\n0. ad hominem: an attack against the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself\n1. circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself\n2. bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The text argues that Isaiah's comment should not be taken seriously because he has a silly profile picture. This is a personal attack that isn't relevant to whether his comment is valid. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as ad hominem.\nTherefore my final answer is: 0" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.\nA material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.\nFor example, a shiny material reflects a lot of light. A fragile material breaks when you drop it.\n\nQuestion:\nWhich is the most flexible?\n\n0. bone\n1. glass jar\n2. rubber band" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Flexible is a property. A flexible material can be bent without breaking easily.\nLook at each picture, one at a time. Imagine bending the material shown in each picture.\nOf the choices, the rubber band is the most flexible. If you bend rubber, it will not break.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.\nWhen you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is larger than 1 centimeter, and 1 centimeter is larger than 1 millimeter.\nThe tip of the pencil shown here is only 1 millimeter wide, but the pencil is about 16 centimeters long.\nA red fox is about 1 meter long. The Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia is about 1,000 meters, or 1 kilometer, in length.\n\nQuestion:\nHow long is a bench?\n\n0. 4 millimeters\n1. 4 centimeters\n2. 4 meters\n3. 4 kilometers" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The best estimate for the length of a bench is 4 meters.\n4 millimeters and 4 centimeters are too short. 4 kilometers is too long.\nTherefore my final answer is: 2" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "\n\nQuestion:\nIs the following statement true or false?\nAnimal cells do not have chloroplasts.\n\n0. false\n1. true" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Animal cells do not have chloroplasts.\nThis statement is true. Plant cells have chloroplasts, but animal cells do not. Chloroplasts help plant cells make their own food. This food is a type of sugar called glucose. Animal cells cannot make their own food.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "\n\nQuestion:\nSelect the one true statement.\n\n0. In an animal cell, the mitochondria contain the master plan for cell activities and cell development.\n1. Chloroplasts store nutrients, water, and waste in a plant cell.\n2. The nucleus of an animal cell has chromosomes." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\nTherefore my final answer is: 2" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.\nTo put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.\n\nQuestion:\nWould you find the word service on a dictionary page with the following guide words?\nsilver - sore\n\n0. yes\n1. no" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Put the words in alphabetical order.\nSince service is not between the guide words silver - sore, it would not be found on that page.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.\nTo put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.\nIf one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order. For example, be comes before bed.\n\nQuestion:\nWould you find the word mole on a dictionary page with the following guide words?\nmission - mumble\n\n0. no\n1. yes" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Put the words in alphabetical order.\nSince mole is between the guide words mission - mumble, it would be found on that page.\nTherefore my final answer is: 1" } ]