Mr. Grammatical Ontology Datasets
Collection
A collection of datasets generated from open, reference terminology systems for use in training Medical LLMs via Definition Rendering IFT (DRIFT)
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2 items
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Updated
Datasets:
Tasks:
Question Answering
Modalities:
Text
Formats:
json
Languages:
English
Size:
10K - 100K
License:
input
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What is the Eleventh innermost intercostal muscle? | The Eleventh innermost intercostal muscle is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an innermost intercostal muscle. It is an element of a set of innermost intercostal muscles. It has a nerve to eleventh innermost intercostal muscle as a nerve supply. It has a t11 as its segmental supply |
What is the Tuberosity of phalanx? | The Tuberosity of phalanx is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a tuberosity |
What is the Periventricular gray matter? | The Periventricular gray matter is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a gray matter of neuraxis |
What is the Posterior pole of lens? | The Posterior pole of lens is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an anatomical point |
What is the Intermediate facet of patella? | The Intermediate facet of patella is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a zone of patella |
What is the Iridociliary junction? | The Iridociliary junction is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a zone of continuity |
What is the Postcapillary venule? | The Postcapillary venule is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a venule |
What is the Inferior articular process of third lumbar vertebra? | The Inferior articular process of third lumbar vertebra is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an inferior articular process of lumbar vertebra |
What is the Tributary of superficial epigastric vein? | The Tributary of superficial epigastric vein is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a tributary of great saphenous vein. It drains into a great saphenous vein |
What is the Trunk of brachial nerve plexus? | The Trunk of brachial nerve plexus is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a trunk of nerve plexus |
What is the Distal tibiofibular joint? | The Distal tibiofibular joint is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a tibiofibular joint. It is an element of a set of all joints of leg |
What is the Zona reticularis of adrenal gland? | The Zona reticularis of adrenal gland is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a region of adrenal cortex. It has an adrenal cortical sinusoid, a long cortical artery of adrenal gland, a type III cell of adrenal cortex, a chromaffin cell of adrenal cortex, and a capillary network of adrenal gland as regional elements. It is a regional element of an adrenal cortex. It has an areolar connective tissue of zona reticularis of adrenal gland as a compositionally distinct anatomical element |
What is the Left suprapatellar bursa? | The Left suprapatellar bursa is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a suprapatellar bursa. It is a regional element of a synovial capsule of left knee joint. It has a cavity of left suprapatellar bursa as a compositionally distinct anatomical element |
What is the Duodenal impression of liver? | The Duodenal impression of liver is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a hepatic impression |
What is the Inferior bulb of internal jugular vein? | The Inferior bulb of internal jugular vein is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a zone of internal jugular vein. It is a regional element of an internal jugular vein |
What is the Longus capitis? | The Longus capitis is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a prevertebral muscle. It is an element of a set of prevertebral muscles and a musculature of back of body proper. It has a c1 branch to longus capitis, a c3 branch to longus capitis, and a c2 branch to longus capitis as a nerve supply. It has a c1, a c2, and a c3 as its segmental supply |
What is the Mucosa of appendix? | The Mucosa of appendix is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a mucosa. It has a lamina propria of appendix, a muscularis mucosae of appendix, and an epithelium of appendix as compositionally distinct anatomical elements. It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of a wall of appendix |
What is the Sebaceous gland of upper eyelid? | The Sebaceous gland of upper eyelid is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a sebaceous gland of eyelid. It is a regional element of a skin of upper eyelid |
What is the Posterior interventricular sulcus? | The Posterior interventricular sulcus is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an interventricular sulcus |
What is the Distal epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone? | The Distal epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a distal epiphysis of metacarpal bone. It is a regional element of a fourth metacarpal bone. It has a bony part of distal epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone as a compositionally distinct anatomical element |
What is the Right internal iliac artery? | The Right internal iliac artery is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an internal iliac artery. It has an anterior division of right internal iliac artery and a posterior division of right internal iliac artery as regional subtrees. It has an anterior division of right internal iliac artery, a posterior division of right internal iliac artery, and a trunk of right internal iliac artery as regional elements. It is a regional subtree of a right common iliac artery. It is a regional element of a right common iliac artery |
What is the Conus medullaris? | The Conus medullaris is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a segment of spinal cord |
What is the Lateral ligament of temporomandibular joint? | The Lateral ligament of temporomandibular joint is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a ligament of temporomandibular joint. It attaches to a tubercle of zygomatic root. It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of a temporomandibular joint |
What is the Posterior nuclear group of thalamus? | The Posterior nuclear group of thalamus is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a nucleus of thalamus. It has a limitans nucleus, a posterior nucleus of thalamus, a suprageniculate nucleus, and a submedial nucleus as regional elements. It is a regional element of a thalamus. It sends output to a nucleus raphe magnus and an inferior parietal lobule |
What is the Anatomical apex of lung? | The Anatomical apex of lung is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an anatomical point. It bounds an anterior margin of upper lobe of lung |
What is the Left internal jugular vein? | The Left internal jugular vein is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an internal jugular vein. It has a superior bulb of left internal jugular vein, an inferior bulb of left internal jugular vein, a trunk of left internal jugular vein, and a cervical part of left internal jugular vein as regional elements. It has a left superior thyroid vein, a left superior laryngeal vein, a left sternocleidomastoid vein, a left middle thyroid vein, a left meningeal vein, a vein of left cochlear aqueduct, a left pharyngeal vein, a left facial vein, a left inferior petrosal sinus, a left sigmoid sinus, and a left lingual vein as tributaries. It is a tributary of a left brachiocephalic vein |
What is the Nerve fiber? | The Nerve fiber is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a cell appendage. It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of a nerve fasciculus |
What is the Descending mesocolon? | The Descending mesocolon is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a mesentery of zone of large intestine |
What is the Duct of salivary gland? | The Duct of salivary gland is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a segment of salivary gland. It has a lumen of duct of salivary gland as a compositionally distinct anatomical element |
What is the Left hepatic duct? | The Left hepatic duct is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an extrahepatic bile duct. It is a regional element of a left hepatic biliary tree. It has a wall of left hepatic duct and a lumen of left hepatic duct as compositionally distinct anatomical elements |
What is the Left radial artery? | The Left radial artery is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a radial artery. It has a left radial recurrent artery, a palmar carpal branch of left radial artery, a superficial palmar branch of left radial artery, a dorsal carpal branch of left radial artery, a left first dorsal metacarpal artery, and a superficial branch of left radial nerve as regional subtrees. It has a left radial recurrent artery, a palmar carpal branch of left radial artery, a superficial palmar branch of left radial artery, a dorsal carpal branch of left radial artery, and a left first dorsal metacarpal artery as regional elements. It is a regional subtree of a left brachial artery and a left subclavian artery. It is a regional element of a left subclavian artery |
What is the Left testicular vein? | The Left testicular vein is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a testicular vein. It has a trunk of left testicular vein as a regional element. It is a regional element of an inferior systemic venous tree of male human body and an inferior systemic venous tree. It drains into a left renal vein. It is the venous drainage of a left testis |
What is the Bone marrow of right femur? | The Bone marrow of right femur is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a bone marrow of femur |
What is the Capsule of posterior pole of lens? | The Capsule of posterior pole of lens is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a region of posterior pole of lens |
What is the Skin of scaphoid fossa of external ear? | The Skin of scaphoid fossa of external ear is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a segment of skin of external ear |
What is the Pars flaccida of left tympanic membrane? | The Pars flaccida of left tympanic membrane is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a pars flaccida of tympanic membrane |
What is the Border of iris? | The Border of iris is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an anatomical line of eyeball |
What is the Left round ligament of uterus? | The Left round ligament of uterus is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a round ligament of uterus. It has an ingiunal segment of left round ligament of uterus and a pelvic segment of left round ligament of uterus as regional elements. It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of a content of female pelvis |
What is the Left lateral basal segmental bronchus? | The Left lateral basal segmental bronchus is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a lateral basal segmental bronchus. It is a regional element of a left lateral basal segmental bronchial tree. It has a wall of left lateral basal segmental bronchus and a lumen of left lateral basal segmental bronchus as compositionally distinct anatomical elements. It is continuous distally with an accessory subsuperior ramus of left lateral basal segmental bronchus and a basal ramus of left lateral basal segmental bronchus. It is continuous with an accessory subsuperior ramus of left lateral basal segmental bronchus, a basal ramus of left lateral basal segmental bronchus, and a left inferior lobar bronchus. It is continuous proximally with a left inferior lobar bronchus. It is distal to a left inferior lobar bronchus. It is proximal to an accessory subsuperior ramus of left lateral basal segmental bronchus and a basal ramus of left lateral basal segmental bronchus |
What is the Interspinous ligament? | The Interspinous ligament is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a ligament of intervertebral syndesmosis. It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of an intervertebral syndesmosis |
What is the Left epididymis? | The Left epididymis is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an epididymis. It has a head of left epididymis, a body of left epididymis, a tail of left epididymis, a duct of left epididymis, and a sinus of left epididymis as regional elements. It is a regional element of a left male genital duct. It has a wall of left epididymis and a lumen of left epididymis as compositionally distinct anatomical elements. It is continuous with a left deferent duct |
What is the Head of third rib? | The Head of third rib is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a head of rib. It has a crest of head of third rib, a superior articular facet of head of third rib, and an inferior articular facet of head of third rib as regional elements. It is a regional element of a third rib |
What is the Radial collateral ligament of metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb? | The Radial collateral ligament of metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a radial collateral ligament of metacarpophalangeal joint |
What is the Pleural cupula? | The Pleural cupula is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a region of parietal pleura. It is a regional element of a parietal pleura |
What is the Dorsal digital vein of foot? | The Dorsal digital vein of foot is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a tributary of dorsal venous arch |
What is the Umbilicus? | The Umbilicus is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a subdivision of abdomen. It is a regional element of a middle abdomen. It has a superficial inguinal lymph node as its lymphatic drainage |
What is the Diaphysis of distal phalanx of ring finger? | The Diaphysis of distal phalanx of ring finger is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a diaphysis of phalanx of ring finger. It is a regional element of a distal phalanx of ring finger. It has a bony part of diaphysis of distal phalanx of ring finger as a compositionally distinct anatomical element |
What is the Mediastinal pleura? | The Mediastinal pleura is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a region of parietal pleura. It bounds a mediastinum. It has a suprahilar part of mediastinal pleura, a prehilar part of mediastinal pleura, and a posthilar part of mediastinal pleura as regional elements. It is a regional element of a parietal pleura. It has an anterior mediastinal lymphatic chain as its lymphatic drainage |
What is the Endolymphatic layer of vestibular membrane? | The Endolymphatic layer of vestibular membrane is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a membranous layer of organ wall |
What is the Phalanx of little finger? | The Phalanx of little finger is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a phalanx of finger. It has a proximal epiphysis of phalanx of little finger, a diaphysis of phalanx of little finger, and a distal epiphysis of phalanx of little finger as regional elements. It has an articular cartilage of proximal epiphysis of phalanx of little finger, an articular cartilage of distal epiphysis of phalanx of little finger, a vasculature of phalanx of little finger, and a bony part of phalanx of little finger as compositionally distinct anatomical elements |
What is the Vertical occipital fasciculus? | The Vertical occipital fasciculus is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a fasciculus of brain |
What is the Cerebellar vein? | The Cerebellar vein is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a subdivision of brachiocephalic vein. It is a tributary of a superior petrosal sinus |
What is the Subcutaneous bursa of laryngeal prominence? | The Subcutaneous bursa of laryngeal prominence is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a subcutaneous bursa |
What is the Lumen of lactiferous duct? | The Lumen of lactiferous duct is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a cavity of organ part. It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of a lactiferous duct |
What is the Palpebral tributary of superior ophthalmic vein? | The Palpebral tributary of superior ophthalmic vein is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an episcleral vein. It is a tributary of a central retinal vein |
What is the Systemic circulatory system? | The Systemic circulatory system is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a subdivision of cardiovascular system. It has a set of all systemic capillary networks, a systemic arterial system, and a systemic venous system as regional elements |
What is the Trunk of tubal part of uterine artery? | The Trunk of tubal part of uterine artery is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a trunk of branch of uterine artery |
What is the Suprarenal nerve plexus? | The Suprarenal nerve plexus is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an autonomic nerve plexus |
What is the Sciatic notch? | The Sciatic notch is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a bona fide anatomical line |
What is the Principal gland of fundus of stomach? | The Principal gland of fundus of stomach is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a principal gastric gland. It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of a mucosa of fundus of stomach |
What is the Extrinsic muscle of larynx? | The Extrinsic muscle of larynx is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a muscle of larynx |
What is the Anterior surface of thigh? | The Anterior surface of thigh is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a surface of segment of thigh |
What is the Cardiac notch of stomach? | The Cardiac notch of stomach is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a subdivision of greater curvature of stomach (line) |
What is the Hair medulla? | The Hair medulla is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a region of hair |
What is the Seventh intersegmental artery? | The Seventh intersegmental artery is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an embryonic structure |
What is the Medial part of thalamus? | The Medial part of thalamus is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a segment of thalamus |
What is the Cervical segment of spinal cord? | The Cervical segment of spinal cord is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a segment of spinal cord. It has a c1 segment, a c2 segment, a c3 segment, a c4 segment, a c5 segment, a c6 segment, a c7 segment, and a c8 segment as regional elements. It is a regional element of a spinal cord. It has a white matter of subdivision of cervical segment of spinal cord and a gray matter of cervical segment of spinal cord as compositionally distinct anatomical elements |
What is the Sinusoid of lymph node? | The Sinusoid of lymph node is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a fenestrated sinusoid |
What is the Adipose tissue? | The Adipose tissue is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a dense irregular connective tissue. It has an adipocyte as a compositionally distinct anatomical element |
What is the Thoracodorsal nerve? | The Thoracodorsal nerve is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a peripheral nerve. It has a central segment of thoracodorsal nerve and a peripheral segment of thoracodorsal nerve as regional elements. It has a thoracodorsal nerve component of C6 nerve, a thoracodorsal nerve component of C8 nerve, and a thoracodorsal nerve component of C7 nerve as compositionally distinct anatomical elements |
What is the Germinal epithelium of ovary? | The Germinal epithelium of ovary is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a simple cuboidal epithelium. It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of a capsule of ovary |
What is the Venous plexus of skull? | The Venous plexus of skull is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a venous plexus |
What is the Muscularis mucosae of duodenum? | The Muscularis mucosae of duodenum is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a muscularis mucosae. It has an intercellular matrix of muscularis mucosae of duodenum as a compositionally distinct anatomical element. It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of a mucosa of duodenum |
What is the Arachnoid granulation? | The Arachnoid granulation is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a region of arachnoid mater. It has a wall of arachnoid granulation and a space of arachnoid granulation as compositionally distinct anatomical elements. It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of an arachnoid mater |
What is the Superior thyroid tubercle? | The Superior thyroid tubercle is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a thyroid tubercle |
What is the Set of zonular fibers? | The Set of zonular fibers is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a set of organ components |
What is the Branch of nasociliary nerve? | The Branch of nasociliary nerve is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a branch of frontal nerve |
What is the Face? | The Face is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a subdivision of head. It has a nose, a mouth, a right eye, and a left eye as regional elements. It is a regional element of a head. It has a right eyeball, a left eyeball, an integument of face, a neural network of face, a deep fascial system of face, a viscerocranium, a viscerocranial mucosa, a musculature of face, and a vasculature of face as compositionally distinct anatomical elements |
What is the Cardiac vein? | The Cardiac vein is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a systemic vein. It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of a heart. It is the venous drainage of a left ventricle, a wall of right side of heart, a wall of left side of heart, a wall of biventricular part of heart, a free wall of left ventricle, a myocardium of basal zone of left ventricle, a myocardium of mid zone of left ventricle, a myocardium of apical zone of left ventricle, a myocardial zone 17, a septal wall of left ventricle, a myocardium, an anterior wall of left ventricle, an inferior wall of left ventricle, and a lateral wall of left ventricle |
What is the Pectoral vein? | The Pectoral vein is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a tributary of subclavian vein. It drains into a subclavian vein |
What is the Bronchial branch of internal thoracic artery? | The Bronchial branch of internal thoracic artery is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a branch of internal thoracic artery. It has a trunk of bronchial branch of internal thoracic artery as a regional element |
What is the Anterior commissure of mitral valve? | The Anterior commissure of mitral valve is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a commissure of mitral valve. It is a regional element of a mitral valve. It has an endothelium of anterior commissure of mitral valve as a compositionally distinct anatomical element |
What is the Left lower limb? | The Left lower limb is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a lower limb. It has a left pelvic girdle and a left free lower limb as regional elements. It is a regional element of an adult human body, a male adult human body, and a female adult human body. It has a skin of left lower limb, a skeleton of left lower limb, a superficial fascia of right lower limb, an investing fascia of left lower limb, a vasculature of left lower limb, and a neural network of left lower limb as compositionally distinct anatomical elements. It has a left lateral aortic lymphatic chain as its lymphatic drainage. It is an element of a set of all limbs |
What is the Duodenal recess? | The Duodenal recess is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a subdivision of cavity of greater sac |
What is the Superior articular process of tenth thoracic vertebra? | The Superior articular process of tenth thoracic vertebra is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a superior articular process of thoracic vertebra |
What is the Cusp of tooth? | The Cusp of tooth is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a region of crown of tooth. It is a regional element of a crown of tooth |
What is the Infra-orbital foramen? | The Infra-orbital foramen is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a cranial conduit. It is a regional element of an infra-orbital canal. It has an anterior segment of infra-orbital canal part of maxilla and a space of infra-orbital foramen as compositionally distinct anatomical elements |
What is the Epiphysis of middle phalanx of toe? | The Epiphysis of middle phalanx of toe is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an epiphysis of phalanx of toe |
What is the Posterior ramus of fourth lumbar nerve? | The Posterior ramus of fourth lumbar nerve is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a posterior ramus of lumbar nerve. It has a medial branch of posterior ramus of fourth lumbar nerve and a lateral branch of posterior ramus of fourth lumbar nerve as regional subtrees. It is a regional element of a peripheral segment of fourth lumbar spinal nerve |
What is the Major sublingual duct? | The Major sublingual duct is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a sublingual duct. It has a lumen of major sublingual duct as a compositionally distinct anatomical element |
What is the Cavity of right hemithorax? | The Cavity of right hemithorax is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a cavity of hemithorax |
What is the Cervical vertebral foramen? | The Cervical vertebral foramen is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a vertebral foramen |
What is the Anterior auricular vein? | The Anterior auricular vein is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a tributary of retromandibular vein. It drains into a retromandibular vein. It is a tributary of a retromandibular vein |
What is the Zone of lung? | The Zone of lung is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as an organ zone |
What is the Brachiocephalic lymph node? | The Brachiocephalic lymph node is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a deep lymph node of thorax. It is an element of a lymph node group of thorax |
What is the Inferior palpebral vein? | The Inferior palpebral vein is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a tributary of angular vein. It has a trunk of inferior palpebral vein as a regional element. It drains into an angular vein. It is a tributary of an angular vein |
What is the Fundus of internal acoustic meatus? | The Fundus of internal acoustic meatus is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a cranial conduit. It has a space of fundus of internal acoustic meatus as a compositionally distinct anatomical element |
What is the Umbilical artery? | The Umbilical artery is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a branch of anterior division of internal iliac artery. It has a superior vesical artery and an artery of ductus deferens as regional subtrees. It is a regional subtree of an anterior division of internal iliac artery |
What is the Anterior corticospinal tract of spinal cord? | The Anterior corticospinal tract of spinal cord is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a spinal cord segment of corticospinal tract. It has a cervical segment of anterior corticospinal tract and a thoracic segment of anterior corticospinal tract as regional elements. It is a regional element of a corticospinal tract and an anterior corticospinal tract |
What is the Commissure of larynx? | The Commissure of larynx is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a subdivision of larynx |
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Mr. Grammatical Ontology: Anatomist
This dataset was extracted from the Web Ontology Language (OWL) representation of the Foundational Model of Anatomy [1] using Owlready2 to facilitate the extraction of the logical axioms in the FMA into a Controlled Natural Language (CNL) for use in training Medical Large Language Models to be conversant in canonical human anatomy.
So, Description Logic expressions such as the following in FMA about fma13245 (Surface of left ventricle):
fma13245 ⊑ fma222938 (Surface of cardiac chamber)
fma13245 ⊑ ∃ bounds .fma7101 (Left ventricle)
fma13245 ⊑ ∃ bounds .fma7166 (Left side of heart)
fma13245 ⊑ ∃ bounds .fma73704 (Wall of left side of heart)
fma13245 ⊑ ∃ bounds .fma83473 (Wall of biventricular part of heart)
fma13245 ⊑ fma222938 (Surface of cardiac chamber)
can be rendered as the following textual definition:
The Surface of left ventricle is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a surface of cardiac chamber.
It bounds a left ventricle, a left side of heart, a wall of left side of heart, and a wall of biventricular part of heart
This dataset includes full definition instructions such as the following, generated from the logical axioms of the FMA ontology:
{"input": "What is the Cardiac vein?",
"output": "The Cardiac vein is defined in the Foundational Model Anatomy (FMA) as a systemic vein. It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of a heart. It is the venous drainage of a left ventricle, a wall of right side of heart, a wall of left side of heart, a wall of biventricular part of heart, a free wall of left ventricle, a myocardium of basal zone of left ventricle, a myocardium of mid zone of left ventricle, a myocardium of apical zone of left ventricle, a myocardial zone 17, a septal wall of left ventricle, a myocardium, an anterior wall of left ventricle, an inferior wall of left ventricle, and a lateral wall of left ventricle"}
As well as fine-grained definition instructions such as:
{"input": "What is the Cardiac vein a compositionally distinct anatomical element of?",
"output": "It is a compositionally distinct anatomical element of a heart"}
The full definition instructions for 15,807 FMA terms were extracted into train.json and 4,807 fine-grained definition instructions were extracted into valid.json
[1] Rosse, Cornelius, and José LV Mejino Jr. "A reference ontology for biomedical informatics: the Foundational Model of Anatomy." Journal of biomedical informatics 36.6 (2003): 478-500.
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