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so when i was at work someone asked me who my favorite shipped pair was from mlp fim? and i was all like, "good question totally non made reason to draw this garbage!" i drew this because i wanted to see what colors work best for which character.(which is a huge pain when your only working in paint.)and i drew it because i like shows parring of these characters, i really don't do the whole shipping thing so i thought i just give it a shot for a change. i use the idea for spikes armor from my last drawing of him(arm gauntlets n all) and rarity...i just kinda played around with dress ides with a real "right look" in mind. but still, i hope you spike and rarity(or rarity and spike) fans out there enjoy this

ˈsɪriən ““rebels”*” ɪˈstæblɪʃ ˈjunəˌfaɪd ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kəˈmænd baɪ ˈɑlɪvər ˈkæmbəl 10 dɪˈsɛmbər 2012 ˈsɪriən ““rebel”*” mɪˈlɪʃə grups ɪˈstæblɪʃt ə nu ˈjunəˌfaɪd kəˈmænd læst ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ɪn tɔks ɪn ˈtərki, əˈtɛndəd baɪ əˈfɪʃəlz frəm ðə ˈjuˈɛs, ˈbrɪtən, fræns, ðə gəlf steɪts ənd ˈʤɔrdən. əraʊnd 500 ˈdɛləˌgeɪts ɪˈlɛktɪd ə səˈprim ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈkaʊnsəl ənd ə ʧif əv stæf. ðə ˈjuˈɛs ənd ɪts ˈælaɪz pʊʃt fər ðə riˈvæmpɪŋ əv ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kəˈmænd, ɛz ðeɪ ˈpriviəsli hæd wɪθ ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈlidərˌʃɪp, ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˈtaɪtən ðɛr kənˈtroʊl ˈoʊvər ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən ˈfɔrsɪz ɪn ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃən fər ə mɔr əˈgrɛsɪv ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən ˈɪntu ˈsɪriə. muˈstɑfə ˈsæbəg, ˈʤɛnərəl ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv ðə ˈsɪriən ˈnæʃənəl ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən, ðə ““rebel”*” frənt ˈhændˈpɪkt baɪ ˈwɔʃɪŋtən, toʊld ðə əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd prɛs ðət ðə nu kəˈmænd bi ɪkˈsklusɪvli riˈspɑnsəbəl fər rɪˈsivɪŋ ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri aid”*”. ðə taɪmz ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˈoʊvər ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd ðət ˈjuˈɛs ɪz ˈlɔnʧɪŋ ə ˈkoʊvərt ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən tɪ sɛnd ɑrmz tɪ ˈsɪriən ˈrɛbəlz fər ðə fərst time.”*.” ðiz ˈʃɪpmənts ˈfiʧər ˈstɑkˌpaɪlz əv ˈwɛpənz sizd frəm ðə ˈlɪˌbiən rəˈʒim əv muˈæmər gaddafi*, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈmɪsəlz dɪˈmændɪd baɪ mɪˈlɪʃəz. [ðə ˈrɛbəlz] hæv ˈɛnərd ðə ˈsəbərbz əv dəˈmæskəs ənd hæv sərˈaʊndɪd ɪts ˈɛrˌpɔrt. ˈjuˈɛs steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt əˈfɪʃəlz ər ɪn ˈrɛgjələr ˈkɑnˌtækt wɪθ ˈrɛbəl fild kəˈmændərz, ˈtɔkɪŋ tɪ ðɛm ɔn skaɪp fər aʊərz ˈɛvəri deɪ. ðə kəˈmændərz hæv rɪˈpitɪdli prɛst fər mɔr weapons,”*,” ðə taɪmz ˈsteɪtɪd. ˈoʊvər ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd, ˈsɪriən ˈnæʃənəl ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən ˈspoʊksmən ˈjɑsər kɔld ɔn ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˈwɛstərn paʊərz tɪ səˈplaɪ ədˈvænst ˈwɛpənri tɪ ɛnˈfɔrs ə zone”*”. hi wɑz səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ˈfɔrən ˈmɪnɪstər ˈkɑlɪd bɪn moʊˈhæmɪd al-attiyah*. ðə ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃən əv ðə nu ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈlidərˌʃɪp ɪkˈspoʊzɪz ðə riˈækʃəˌnɛri ˈkɛrɪktər əv ðə ˈsɪriən ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən, ˈdɑməˌneɪtəd baɪ ˈɪsləmɪsts, ˈlækɪŋ ˈɛni ˈpɑpjələr beɪs ənd rɪˈlaɪənt ɔn ðə ˈmeɪʤər paʊərz. ə ˈkɑnfərəns ˈdɛləˌgeɪt toʊld ˈrɔɪtərz ðət ˌtuˈθərdz əv ðə kəˈmænd həz lɪŋks tɪ ðə ˈməzlɪm ˈbrəðərˌhʊd ənd ˈəðər ˈɪsləmɪst ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃənz. ðə ˈbɑdi ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkludz ˈsɪriən ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri dɪˈfɛktərz, bət ˌbrɪgəˈdɪr muˈstɑfə al-sheikh*, ə ˈlidɪŋ ˈɔfɪsər hu əˈpoʊzɪz ðə ˈməzlɪm ˈbrəðərˌhʊd, wɑz ˈsaɪˌdlaɪnd. ðə ˈsɪriən ˈrɛbəlz ənd ðɛr ˌɪmˈpɪriəlɪst ˈbækərz hæv əˈtɛmptəd tɪ kip ðɛr ˈdɪstəns frəm ðə æl, wɪʧ wɑz nɑt ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd tɪ pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt. waɪl ˈwɔʃɪŋtən həz ˈtaʊtɪd ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv ˈblæˌklɪstɪŋ ðə ˌɔrgənɪˈzeɪʃən, ɪt ɪz ənˈlaɪkli tɪ du soʊ bɪˈkəz əv ɪts ˈmeɪʤər hænd ɪn ðə ˈfaɪtɪŋ. rɪˈpɔrtədli pleɪd ə ki roʊl ɪn ðə ˈsiʒər əv ə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kəˈmænd ˈsɛntər ɪn ɔn ˈsənˌdi. ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃənz tɪ səˈplaɪ ˈgreɪtər ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri eɪd tɪ ðə ˈsɪriən ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən hæv bɪn əˈkəmpənid baɪ ə ˌprɑpəˈgændə kæmˈpeɪn əˈbaʊt ðə ˈdeɪnʤər əv ðə əˈsɑd rəˈʒim ˈjuzɪŋ ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈwɛpənz. ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈfɔrən ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ˈwɪljəm heɪg læst ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ kleɪmd tɪ hæv sin evidence”*” əv ˈsɪriən ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈwɛpənz ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃənz, bət prəˈvaɪdɪd noʊ ˈditeɪlz. riˈɪtərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈkɑmɛnts meɪd læst wik baɪ ˈjuˈɛs ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən, hi wɔrnd ðət ðə juz əv ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈwɛpənz wʊd bi ˈmeɪʤər ʧeɪnʤ ɪn ðə situation”*”. ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl prɛs həz fər ðə moʊst pɑrt ənˈkrɪtɪkəli ðiz kleɪmz. bət ˈvɛtərən ˈmɪdəl ist ˌkɔrəˈspɑndənt ˈrɑbərt fɪsk ənd ˈʧænəl fɔr nuz ˈʤərnəlɪst ˈæləks ˈtɑmsən ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt ðə ˈɑbviəs ˈpɛrəˌlɛl tɪ ðə fɔls kleɪmz əˈbaʊt ˈsɑdəm ˈwɛpənz əv mæs dɪˈstrəkʃən, juzd tɪ ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ðə ˌɪˈligəl ˌɪnˈveɪʒən əv ˌɪˈrɑk ɪn 2003 ˈraɪtɪŋ ɪn ðə ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt, fɪsk dɪˈbəŋkt ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz ðət ˈfɑðər, ˈhɑfɛz al-assad*, hæd juzd ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈwɛpənz tɪ səˈprɛs ə ˈsuni ˈəˌpraɪzɪŋ ɪn ˈhɑmə ɪn ˈkɑnflɪkt ɔn wɪʧ fɪsk hæd ˌriˈpɔrtəd. ˈtɑmsən wɔrnd ðət əv mæs dɪˈstrəkʃən kʊd bɪˈkəm ˈwɛpənz əv mæs deception,”*,” ˈnoʊtɪŋ ðət ðə seɪm hu brɔt ˈjuˈɛs ðə ˈbægdæd story”*” ɪz ənˈkrɪtɪkəli rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈwɛpənz threat.”*.” ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ, ðə ˈsɪriən rəˈʒim wəns əˈgɛn dɪˈnaɪd ðət ɪt wʊd juz ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈwɛpənz ɪf ɪt hæd ðɛm, ənd ˈɔlsoʊ wɔrnd ðət hæd sizd kənˈtroʊl əv ə ˈkɛmɪkəlz ˈkəmpəˌni nɪr safira*, ist əv. ˈklɪntən hæd ɪkˈsprɛst kənˈsərn ðət ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈwɛpənz kʊd fɔl ˈɪntu ðə hænz əv əv ðə ˈmɛni grups ðət ər ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ wɪˈθɪn əˈnəðər pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈpriˌtɛkst fər ˈjuˈɛs ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən. ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz, ˈɪzriəl ɪz ˈjuzɪŋ weapons”*” tɪ ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ɪts oʊn ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz əˈgɛnst ðə ˈsɪriən ˈgəvərnmənt. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈsənˌdi taɪmz, ˈɪzriəl həz ˌɪˈnɪʃiˌeɪtɪd ə war”*” tɪ træk ˈkɛmɪkəl ənd ˌbaɪəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈwɛpənz ɪn ˈsɪriə. ðə ˈɑrtɪkəl ˈpɔɪntɪd tɪ ə rɪˈpɔrt ɪn ðə əˈtlæntɪk læst wik ðət ˌɪzˈreɪli praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈbɛnʤəmən ˌnɛtənˈjɑˌhu hæd sɛnt moʊˈsɑd ˈeɪʤənts tɪ ˈʤɔrdən twaɪs tɪ sik ɪts səˈpɔrt fər koʊˈɔrdəneɪtɪd ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri əˈtæks ɔn əˈlɛʤd ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈwɛpənz fəˈsɪlɪtiz ɪn rɪkˈwɛst ðət ˈæmən həz tərnd daʊn tɪ deɪt. ðə ˌɪzˈreɪli æmˈbæsədər tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛs, ˈmaɪkəl ˈɔrən, wɔrnd ɔn ˈsənˌdi ðət ə ˈtrænsfər əv ˈkɛmɪkəl ˈwɛpənz frəm ˈsɪriə tɪ ðə ˈlɛbəˌniz mɪˈlɪʃə ˌhɛzbɑˈlə wʊd bi ə changer”*”. hɪz ˈkɑmɛnt pɔɪnts tɪ ðə ˈdeɪnʤər əv ðə ˈsɪvəl wɔr ɪn ˈsɪriə ˈspɑrkɪŋ ˈbrɔdər ˈkɑnflɪkts ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl ist, ənd biɪŋ juzd ɛz ðə ˈpriˌtɛkst fər nu wɔrz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ən əˈtæk ɔn ˌɪˈrɑn. ðə ˈkɑnflɪkt ɪn ˈsɪriə həz ɔˈrɛdi spɪld ˈoʊvər ˈɪntu ðə ˈnɔrðərn ˈsɪti əv ˈtrɪpəli ɪn ˈlɛbənən, wɪθ ˈklæʃɪz ˈoʊvər ðə pæst wik bɪtˈwin ˈsuni ˈməzlɪmz ənd ʃiaɪt alawites*, hu səˈpɔrt ðə əˈsɑd rəˈʒim, rɪˈzəltɪŋ ɪn 19 dɛθs ənd ðə ˈwundɪŋ əv ˈmɛni ˈəðərz. ˈsɪriən ““rebels”*” əˈnaʊnst læst ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ðət dəˈmæskəs ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈɛrˌpɔrt ənd ðə roʊdz ˈlidɪŋ tɪ ɪt wər ləˈʤɪtəmət ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈtɑrgəts. ɪn ˈpræktɪs, ðɪs həz lɛd tɪ ˌɪndɪˈskrɪmənət əˈtæks ɔn səˈvɪljənz ɪn ðə ˈʤɛnərəl vɪˈsɪnɪti əv ðə ˈɛrˌpɔrt. ɪn pɑrts əv jaramana*, ə ˌprɪˈdɑmənənˌtli ˈkrɪsʧɪn taʊn nɪr ə ˈmeɪʤər roʊd tɪ ðə ˈɛrˌpɔrt, sˈnaɪpərz ər rɪˈpɔrtədli ˈfaɪərrɪŋ ɔn ˈɛni ˈmuvɪŋ ˈviɪkəl ənd ˈlɔnʧɪŋ grəˈneɪdz ˈɪntu səˈvɪljən ˈɛriəz. ðə ˈtɛləˌgræf ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət waɪl ˈfaɪtɪŋ hæd riʧt dəˈmæskəs, ðə ˈrɛbəlz hæd ˈlɪtəl səˈpɔrt ɪn ðə ˈkæpɪtəl ənd ˈəðər ˈmeɪʤər ˈərbən ˈsɛntərz. ˈɑmɛd, ə ˈsuni koʊʧ ˈdraɪvər, toʊld ðə ˈnuzˌpeɪpər: ər skɛrd əv boʊθ saɪdz. ɪf ðɪs wər ə tru ˈpɑpjələr ˌrɛvəˈluʃən aɪ wʊd səˈpɔrt ɪt. bət ðɛn aɪ sɔ ðət ðə ˈməzlɪm ˈbrəðərˌhʊd lidz ðə [fri ˈsɪriən ˈɑrmi], ənd noʊ wən wɔnts that.”*.” moʊˈhæmɪd, hu fɔt wɪθ ðə ““rebels”*” ɪn ˌbiˈfɔr bɪˈkəmɪŋ ˌdɪsɪˈluʒənd, sɛd: wɑz ˈdɑməˌneɪtəd baɪ ˈfɔrən ˈfaɪtərz ənd ðeɪ ˈwɔntɪd ən ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk state.”*.” ðə ˈjuˈɛs ənd ɪts ˈælaɪz ɪn ˈjʊrəp ənd ðə gəlf steɪts ər du tɪ hoʊld ə ˈmitɪŋ əv ðə ˈsoʊˈkɔld frɛndz əv ˈsɪriə grup ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ɪn mərˈɑkoʊ. ðə ˈgæðərɪŋ wɪl ˈfərðər fjuəl ðə ˈfaɪtɪŋ ɪn ˈsɪriə, wɪθ ɔl ˈæˌspɛkts əv ðə ˌɪmˈpɪriəlɪst ˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən ɪn ˈsɪriə, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə prəˈvɪʒən əv mɔr ədˈvænst ˈwɛpənri, ˈkəmɪŋ əp fər dɪˈskəʃən.

syrian “rebels” establish unified military command by oliver campbell 10 december 2012 syrian “rebel” militia groups established a new unified command last friday in talks in turkey, attended by officials from the us, britain, france, the gulf states and jordan. around 500 delegates elected a 30-member supreme military council and a chief of staff. the us and its allies pushed for the revamping of the military command, as they previously had with the anti-assad political leadership, in order to tighten their control over opposition forces in preparation for a more aggressive intervention into syria. mustafa sabbagh, general secretary of the syrian national coalition, the “rebel” front handpicked by washington, told the associated press that the new command “will be exclusively responsible for receiving military aid”. the british-based times reported over the weekend that “the us is launching a covert operation to send arms to syrian rebels for the first time.” these shipments feature stockpiles of weapons seized from the libyan regime of muammar gaddafi, including anti-aircraft missiles demanded by anti-assad militias. “they [the rebels] have entered the suburbs of damascus and have surrounded its airport. us state department officials are in regular contact with rebel field commanders, talking to them on skype for hours every day. the commanders have repeatedly pressed for more weapons,” the times stated. over the weekend, syrian national coalition spokesman yasser tabbara called on the major western powers to supply advanced anti-aircraft weaponry to enforce a “no-fly zone”. he was supported by qatari foreign minister khalid bin mohammed al-attiyah. the composition of the new military leadership exposes the reactionary character of the syrian opposition, dominated by islamists, lacking any popular base and reliant on the major powers. a conference delegate told reuters that two-thirds of the 30-member command has links to the muslim brotherhood and other islamist organisations. the body also includes syrian military defectors, but brigadier mustafa al-sheikh, a leading officer who opposes the muslim brotherhood, was sidelined. the syrian rebels and their imperialist backers have attempted to keep their distance from the al qaeda-linked jabhat al-nusra, which was not invited to participate. while washington has touted the possibility of blacklisting the organisation, it is unlikely to do so because of its major hand in the fighting. al-nusra reportedly played a key role in the seizure of a military command centre in aleppo on sunday. preparations to supply greater military aid to the syrian opposition have been accompanied by a propaganda campaign about the danger of the assad regime using chemical weapons. british foreign secretary william hague last saturday claimed to have seen “some evidence” of syrian chemical weapons preparations, but provided no details. reiterating comments made last week by us secretary of state hillary clinton, he warned that the use of chemical weapons would be “a major change in the situation”. the international press has for the most part uncritically parroted these claims. but veteran middle east correspondent robert fisk and channel four news journalist alex thompson pointed out the obvious parallel to the false claims about saddam hussein’s weapons of mass destruction, used to justify the illegal us-led invasion of iraq in 2003. writing in the independent, fisk debunked allegations that assad’s father, hafez al-assad, had used chemical weapons to suppress a sunni uprising in hama in 1982—a conflict on which fisk had reported. thompson warned that “weapons of mass destruction could become weapons of mass deception,” noting that the same “media who … brought us the baghdad wmd story” is uncritically reporting on the “damascus chemical weapons threat.” on saturday, the syrian regime once again denied that it would use chemical weapons if it had them, and also warned that al-nusra had seized control of a chemicals company near safira, east of aleppo. clinton had expressed concern that chemical weapons could fall into the hands of “one of the many groups that are operating within syria”—providing another potential pretext for us intervention. likewise, israel is using “chemical weapons” to justify its own operations against the syrian government. according to the sunday times, israel has initiated a “secret war” to track chemical and biological weapons in syria. the article pointed to a report in the atlantic last week that israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu had sent mossad agents to jordan twice to seek its support for coordinated military attacks on alleged chemical weapons facilities in syria—a request that amman has turned down to date. the israeli ambassador to the us, michael oren, warned on sunday that a transfer of chemical weapons from syria to the lebanese militia hezbollah would be a “game changer”. his comment points to the danger of the civil war in syria sparking broader conflicts in the middle east, and being used as the pretext for new wars, including an attack on iran. the conflict in syria has already spilled over into the northern city of tripoli in lebanon, with clashes over the past week between sunni muslims and shiite alawites, who support the assad regime, resulting in 19 deaths and the wounding of many others. syrian “rebels” announced last friday that damascus international airport and the roads leading to it were legitimate military targets. in practice, this has led to indiscriminate attacks on civilians in the general vicinity of the airport. in parts of jaramana, a predominantly christian town near a major road to the airport, snipers are reportedly firing on any moving vehicle and launching rocket-propelled grenades into civilian areas. the telegraph reported that while fighting had reached damascus, the rebels had little support in the capital and other major urban centres. ahmed, a sunni coach driver, told the newspaper: “we are scared of both sides. if this were a true popular revolution i would support it. but then i saw that the muslim brotherhood leads the fsa [free syrian army], and no one wants that.” mohammed, who fought with the “rebels” in aleppo before becoming disillusioned, said: “it was dominated by foreign fighters and they wanted an islamic state.” the us and its allies in europe and the gulf states are due to hold a meeting of the so-called friends of syria group on wednesday in morocco. the gathering will further fuel the fighting in syria, with all aspects of the imperialist intervention in syria, including the provision of more advanced weaponry, coming up for discussion.

ˈdɑnəld trəmp ɪz ˈkɛriɪŋ ə kəˈmændɪŋ lɛd ˈɪntu ˈtuzˌdeɪz pəˈtɛnʃəli dɪˈsaɪsɪv ˌɪndiˈænə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈpraɪˌmɛri, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə nu poʊl ðət gɪvz ɪm ə ɛʤ. ə nɪr məˈʤɔrəti əv ˈhuʒər rɪˈpəblɪkənz, 49 pər sɛnt, bæk ðə ˈbɪznɪs ˌbɪljəˈnɛr trəmp. ˈtɛksəs sɛn. tɛd kruz ɪz ˈtreɪlɪŋ wɪθ 34 pər sɛnt. oʊˈhaɪoʊ gəv. ʤɑn ˈkɑsɪʧ ɪz fɑr bɪˈhaɪnd wɪθ 13 pər sɛnt. ðə ˈɛnˌbiˈsi strit ˈʤərnəl ˈsərˌveɪ əv ˈlaɪkli ˈvoʊtərz, kənˈdəktəd baɪ ˌjunəˈvərsətiz ˈɪnstɪˌtut fər ˈpəblɪk əˈpɪnjən, səˈʤɛsts ə ˈrɪŋɪŋ trəmp ɛnˈdɔrsmənt frəm ˈbæskətˌbɔl ˈkoʊʧɪŋ ˈlɛʤənd ˈbɑbi naɪt həz muvd ðə ˈnidəl sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli. ə ˈsiˌbiˌɛs poʊl ˈpəblɪʃt ˈsɛvən deɪz əˈgoʊ hæd trəmp lɛd ˈhəvərɪŋ æt ʤɪst 5 pərˈsɛnɪʤ pɔɪnts. ʤɪst wən wik ˌbiˈfɔr ðət, kruz lɛd trəmp baɪ 16 pɔɪnts ɪn ə poʊl kənˈdəktəd baɪ ˌɪndiˈænə ˌjunəˈvərsəti pərˈdu ˌjunəˈvərsəti fɔrt weɪn. 'wi wər duɪŋ ˈrɪli, ˈrɪli wɛl ɪn ˌɪndiˈænə,' trəmp toʊld ə kraʊd ɪn ˈtɛrə hət ɔn ˈsənˌdi, 'bət ðɛn aɪ brɔt aʊt ˈbɑbi naɪt, ənd lʊk æt ðiz poʊlz! laɪk ə ˈrɑkət! ɪts laɪk ə ˈrɑkət ʃɪp.' skroʊl daʊn fər ˈvɪdioʊ ˈwɪnɪŋ baɪ ðɪs məʧ: ˈdɑnəld trəmp hoʊldz ə lɛd ɪn ðə steɪt əv ˌɪndiˈænə ʤɪst tu deɪz ˌbiˈfɔr ə ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈpraɪˌmɛri ɪˈlɛkʃən ðɛr pʊt mi ɪn, koʊʧ: ˈlɛʤənˌdɛri ˌɪndiˈænə hups koʊʧ ˈbɑbi naɪt, ə kəlt ˈhɪroʊ ɪn ˈhuʒər ˈneɪʃən, ɛnˈdɔrst trəmp ˈlaʊdli ənd rɪˈpitɪdli læst wik lɛd: trəmp həz ə ˈkʊʃən ɪn ˌɪndiˈænə, bət ˈivɪn ðə sˈlɪməst əv ˈvɪktəriz wʊd gɪv ɪm ə swip əv ðə steɪts 57 kənˈvɛnʃən ˈdɛləˌgeɪts kruz ɪz naʊ kæmˈpeɪnɪŋ hɑrd tɪ wɪn bæk səm əv ðoʊz voʊts ɪn ə steɪt hi ədˈmɪts wɪl bi ˈkruʃəl ɪf hi ɪz tɪ meɪk ə ˈvaɪəbəl keɪs fər ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˌnɑməˈneɪʃən. ðə ˈsɛnətər toʊld ˈeɪˌbiˌsi: 'wi ər kəmˈpitɪŋ hɑrd. aɪ hoʊp wi du wɛl hir. aɪ kən tɛl ju əm ˈbɑrnˌstɔrmɪŋ ðə steɪt, wɪr ɪn ə bəs wɪθ maɪ ˈfæməli, wɪr duɪŋ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ wi kən tɪ ərn ðə voʊts əv ðə mɛn ənd ˈwɪmən ɪn ðɪs steɪt. 'wɪr goʊɪŋ ðə ˈdɪstəns. wɪr kəmˈpitɪŋ ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈdɪstəns.' kruz sɛd hi wɑz ˈθæŋkfəl ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri wʊd bi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd baɪ 'mɪdˈwɛstərn ˈkɑmən sɛns' ənd ˈtaʊtɪd hɪz oʊn ɛnˈdɔrsmənt frəm ˈgəvərnər maɪk pɛns, hu hi kɔld ə 'ˈkɑmən sɛns kənˈsərvətɪv. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, kruz stɑpt ʃɔrt əv ˈkɔlɪŋ ðə steɪt ə must-win*, ənd ˌɪnˈstɛd kɔld ɪt 'ˈkrɪtɪkəl', ˈlivɪŋ ðə dɔr ˈoʊpən fər hɪz ˈkændɪdəsi tɪ kənˈtɪnju ˈivɪn ɪf hi ˈlusɪz ˈoʊvərˌɔl. naɪt bækt trəmp ɪn ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈræliz ənd ˈbrɔdˌkæsts læst wik, ˈpreɪzɪŋ ɪm ɪn ˈkələrfəl ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ɛz ðə mæn tɪ bi ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪn ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ˈkruzɪz ˈpəblɪk dil wɪθ ˈkɑsɪʧ, baɪ ˈkɑntræst, əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ə dəd. ˈkɑsɪʧ əˈgrid nɑt tɪ kæmˈpeɪn ɪn ˌɪndiˈænə ɪn ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ fər kruz rɪˈtərnɪŋ ðə ˈfeɪvər ɪn ˈɔrəˌgɑn ənd nu ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ. ðə tu kæmˈpeɪnz əˈnaʊnst ðə ˈstrætəʤi wɪθ ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəs prɛs rɪˈlisɪz ə wik əˈgoʊ. bət ˈkɑsɪʧ rɪˈnɪgd ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli, ˈtɛlɪŋ rɪˈpɔrtərz dɪˈspaɪt ˈkruzɪz kleɪm hi hæd 'pʊld aʊt' əv ðə steɪt ðət hi stɪl ˈwɔntɪd ˌɪndiˈænə rɪˈpəblɪkənz tɪ voʊt fər ɪm. ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl carve-up*, dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ ˈɔrkɪˌstreɪt ˌwənɔnˈwən faɪts bɪtˈwin trəmp ənd hɪz rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˈraɪvəlz, ərˈeɪnʤmənt ərnd ə frəm ɪn ðə strit ˈʤərnəl poʊl. pər sɛnt əv ðoʊz ˈsərˌveɪd sɛd ðeɪ doʊnt laɪk ðə dil, kəmˈpɛrd wɪθ ʤɪst 34 pər sɛnt hu du. ðət ˈmɑrʤən əv dɪsəˈpruvəl ɪz ˈlɑrʤər ðən ðə sprɛd trəmp ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ˈoʊvərˌɔl. ɔn laɪf səˈpɔrt? ˈtɛksəs sɛn. tɛd ˈkruzɪz ʧæns əv ˈstɑpɪŋ trəmps ˌnɑməˈneɪʃən mɑrʧ wɪl slɪm daʊn kənˈsɪdərəbli ɪf hi kænt pʊl ə ˈræbɪt aʊt əv ə hæt ɪn ˌɪndiˈænə ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ ðə ɑrt əv ðə non-deal*: oʊˈhaɪoʊ gəv. ʤɑn ˈkɑsɪʧ hæd əˈgrid tɪ steɪ aʊt əv ˌɪndiˈænə ənd klɪr ðə weɪ fər ə ˈmæʧəp trəmp ənd kruz, bət hi ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd ˈpipəl ʃʊd voʊt fər ɪm ˈɛniˌweɪ ɪts stɪl ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəli ˈpɑsəbəl fər kruz tɪ prɪˈvɛnt trəmp frəm kəˈlɛktɪŋ ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈnæʃənəl kənˈvɛnʃən ˈdɛləˌgeɪts hi wʊd nid tɪ klɪnʧ ðə ˌnɑməˈneɪʃən, bət ˈstɑpɪŋ ɪm wʊd bɪˈkəm ðə ˈlɔŋgɪst əv lɔŋ ʃɑts ɪf trəmp wɪnz ˌɪndiˈænəz ˈpraɪˌmɛri ɪˈlɛkʃən ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ. ɪf hi prɪˈveɪlz, trəmp wʊd meɪk ə klin swip əv ðə steɪts 57 ˈdɛləˌgeɪts, ˈædɪŋ ðɛm tɪ ə ˈtoʊtəl ðət nuz ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz ˈɛstəˌmeɪt æt ˈɛniˌwɛr frəm 991 tɪ 998 trəmp ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ðət hi hæd krɔst ˈɪntu wɪθ rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈfækʃənz hoʊp ðə ril ɛˈsteɪt taɪˈkun kən bi stɔld ʤɪst ʃɔrt əv ðə ˈfɪnɪʃ laɪn, θroʊɪŋ ˌʤuˈlaɪz ˈnɑməˌneɪtɪŋ kənˈvɛnʃən ˈɪntu ðə keɪɑs əv ə flɔr faɪt. bət moʊst ˌɪndiˈænə rɪˈpəblɪkənz bɪˈliv ðət ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ən ˈɛksərˌsaɪz bɪˈhaɪnd ðə sinz, ðə əˈtɛnʃən ɪn səʧ ə ˈsərkəmˌstæns ʃʊd ʃɪft tɪ ðə ˈnəmbər əv voʊts ðə ˈkænədɪts rɪˈsivd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛriz. ˈnɪrli ˌtuˈθərdz toʊld ˈpoʊlstərz ðət ðə mæn wɪθ ðə moʊst voʊts ʃʊd wɪn ðə ˌnɑməˈneɪʃən ɪf noʊ wən kən əˈmæs ðə səˈpɔrt əv ˈdɛləˌgeɪts. ðət wʊd ˈfeɪvər trəmp, wɪθ ˈnɪrli ˈmɪljən voʊts, baɪ ə waɪd ˈmɑrʤən. hi lidz kruz baɪ mɔr ðən ˈmɪljən.

donald trump is carrying a commanding lead into tuesday's potentially decisive indiana republican primary, according to a new poll that gives him a 15-point edge. a near majority of hoosier republicans, 49 per cent, back the business billionaire trump. texas sen. ted cruz is trailing with 34 per cent. ohio gov. john kasich is far behind with 13 per cent. the nbc news/wall street journal survey of likely gop voters, conducted by marist university's institute for public opinion, suggests a ringing trump endorsement from basketball coaching legend bobby knight has moved the needle significantly. a cbs news/yougov poll published seven days ago had trump lead hovering at just 5 percentage points. just one week before that, cruz led trump by 16 points in a poll conducted by indiana university – purdue university fort wayne. 'we were doing really, really well in indiana,' trump told a crowd in terre haute on sunday, 'but then i brought out bobby knight, and look at these polls! like a rocket! it's like a rocket ship.' scroll down for video winning by this much: donald trump holds a 15-point lead in the winner-take-all state of indiana just two days before a critical primary election there put me in, coach: legendary indiana hoops coach bobby knight, a cult hero in hoosier nation, endorsed trump loudly and repeatedly last week yuuge lead: trump has a 15-point cushion in indiana, but even the slimmest of victories would give him a sweep of the state's 57 convention delegates cruz is now campaigning hard to win back some of those votes in a state he admits will be crucial if he is to make a viable case for taking the republican nomination. the terxas senator told abc: 'we are competing hard. i hope we do well here. i can tell you i'm barnstorming the state, we're in a bus with my family, we're doing everything we can to earn the votes of the men and women in this state. 'we're going the distance. we're competing the entire distance.' cruz said he was thankful the primary would be decided by 'midwestern common sense' and touted his own endorsement from governor mike pence, who he called a 'common sense conservative. however, cruz stopped short of calling the state a must-win, and instead called it 'critical', leaving the door open for his candidacy to continue even if he looses overall. knight backed trump in a series of rallies and broadcasts last week, praising him in colorful language as the best-prepared man to be president in the history of the united states. cruz's public deal with kasich, by contrast, appears to be a dud. kasich agreed not to campaign in indiana in exchange for cruz returning the favor in oregon and new mexico. the two campaigns announced the strategy with simultaneous press releases a week ago. but kasich reneged almost immediately, telling reporters – despite cruz's claim he had 'pulled out' of the state – that he still wanted indiana republicans to vote for him. the political carve-up, designed to orchestrate one-on-one fights between trump and his remaining rivals, arrangement earned a thumbs-down from indianans in the nbc/wall street journal poll. fifty-eight per cent of those surveyed said they don't like the deal, compared with just 34 per cent who do. that 24-point margin of disapproval is larger than the 15-point spread trump enjoyed overall. on life support? texas sen. ted cruz's chance of stopping trump's nomination march will slim down considerably if he can't pull a rabbit out of a hat in indiana on tuesday the art of the non-deal: ohio gov. john kasich had agreed to stay out of indiana and clear the way for a head-to-head matchup betwen trump and cruz, but he insisted people should vote for him anyway it's still theoretically possible for cruz to prevent trump from collecting the 1,237 republican national convention delegates he would need to clinch the nomination, but stopping him would become the longest of long shots if trump wins indiana's primary election on tuesday. if he prevails, trump would make a clean sweep of the state's 57 delegates, adding them to a total that news organizations estimate at anywhere from 991 to 998. trump insisted on friday that he had crossed into quadruple-digits with 1,001. anti-trump republican factions hope the real estate tycoon can be stalled just short of the finish line, throwing july's nominating convention into the chaos of a floor fight. but most indiana republicans believe that instead of an arm-twisting exercise behind the scenes, the attention in such a circumstance should shift to the number of votes the candidates received during the primaries. nearly two-thirds told pollsters that the man with the most votes should win the nomination if no one can amass the support of 1,237 delegates. that would favor trump, with nearly 10.1 million votes, by a wide margin. he leads cruz by more than 3.2 million.

ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt æt ðə ˈprɛzɪˌdɛnts taʊn hɔl ˈmitɪŋ aɪ wɑz ˈtruli ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd baɪ ðə ˈprɛzɪˌdɛnts rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə kˈwɛʃən əˈbaʊt ˈligəˌlaɪzɪŋ ˌmɛrəˈwɑnə. drəgz ʃʊd bi ˈligəl! noʊ wən kən ˈɑrgju ðət ðə əv drəgz ər ə skərʤ ɔn ɑr soʊˈsaɪɪti. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɛz bæd ɛz ðə ˈifɛkt əv drəg əˈbjuz ɔn ɑr soʊˈsaɪɪti ɪz, ðə ˈifɛkt əv ˌproʊəˈbɪʃən ɪz wərs. ɪf ˌrɛkriˈeɪʃənəl drəgz wər ˈligəl, ˈəndər kənˈtroʊld kənˈdɪʃənz ɛz ɪz ðə ˈligəl drəg ˈælkəˌhɑl, ˈhənərdz (pərˈhæps ˈivɪn ˈθaʊzənz) əv lɪvz wʊd bi seɪvd iʧ jɪr. ˈkrɪmənəl ənd ˈtɛrərɪst ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz wʊd bi dɪˈnaɪd ə ˈmeɪʤər sɔrs əv ˈɪnˌkəm. kraɪm wʊd bi rɪˈdust. ˈdɑktərz kən juz ˈɛni ˌɛfəˈkeɪʃəs ˈtritmənt ðət wɪl ˈbɛnəfɪt ðə ˈpeɪʃənt moʊst. ˈbɪljənz əv tæks ˈdɔlərz kʊd bi dɪˈvərtɪd tɪ ˈjusfəl ənd səkˈsɛsfəl ˈproʊˌgræmz. ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi wʊd groʊ ənd prəˈvaɪd ˈbɛnəfɪt fər mɔr ˈpipəl. ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈbɛnəfɪts wʊd bi ˈmænɪˌfoʊld. ˈmɛni əv ðə dɛθs ðət ər naʊ ˈpɪʤənˌhoʊld ɛz 'drəg ˈoʊvərˌdoʊs' ər, ɪn fækt, kɔzd baɪ drəgz ðət ər ˈpjʊrər ðən ðə ˈjuzərz' əˈkəstəmd doʊs. ðɪs wɪl kɔz ən ˈoʊvərˌdoʊs baɪ ˈmɪrli ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə doʊs tɪ wɪʧ ðeɪ ər əˈkəstəmd. ˈəðər dɛθs ər kɔzd baɪ ðə drəgz biɪŋ 'kət' (dɪˈlutəd) wɪθ ˌɪmˈpjʊr ər ˈdeɪnʤərəs ˈsəbstənsɪz. æt ˈprɛzənt drəgz ər kət wɪθ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ frəm ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈhɑrmləs θɪŋz səʧ ɛz ˈbeɪkɪŋ ˈsoʊdə, ˈpaʊdərd ˈʃʊgər, ˈlæktoʊs ənd kɔrn stɑrʧ tɪ ˈpɔɪzənz laɪk ˈstrɪkˌnaɪn ənd ˈɑrsənɪk. ˈligəl drəgz wʊd fɔl ˈəndər ðə ˌsupərˈvɪʒən ənd ˈstændərdz əv ðə fud ənd drəg ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən (fda*) ˈðɛrˈbaɪ ˌɪnˈʃʊrɪŋ ˈklinər, ˈpjʊrər drəgz æt kənˈsɪstənt ˈdoʊsɪʤɪz. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ˌɪntrəˈvinəs ənd drəgz kʊd bi ˈpækɪʤd ɪn ˈsɪŋgəl juz sərˈɪnʤəz ðət ər dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ bi dɪˈstrɔɪd baɪ ðə ækt əv ˈjuzɪŋ ðɛm wəns. ðəs prɪˈvɛnɪŋ ðə riˈjuz ənd ˈʃɛrɪŋ əv ˈnidəlz. ðɪs wɪl rɪˈdus ðə sprɛd əv eɪdz, ˌhɛpəˈtaɪtəs ənd ˈmɛni ˈəðər taɪps əv ˌɪnˈfɛkʃən. hɛns, mɔr lɪvz seɪvd, ɛz wɛl ɛz rɪˈdusɪŋ ðə ˈbərdən ɔn ˈpəblɪk ˈrisɔrsɪz sɪns ˈmɛni drəg əˈbjuzərz ˈkænɑt əˈfɔrd tɪ peɪ fər ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈtritmənt. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt ˈligəl drəgz wɪl teɪk ðə drəg treɪd aʊt əv ðə hænz əv ˈkrɪmənəlz ənd ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts. ɪt wɪl meɪk ɪt mɔr ˈdɪfəkəlt ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər tɪ hæv əˈtæks əv ðə ˈneɪʧər əv ðə əˈtæk ɔn ɑr mərˈinz ɪn ˈlɛbənən, ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɛmbəsi ɪn ˈkɛnjə ənd ðə wərld treɪd ˈsɛnər baɪ ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts hu ər, ɪn pɑrt, ˈfaɪˌnænst baɪ ðə drəg treɪd. ɪt wɪl ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt ðə kaɪnd əv wɔr ðət ɪz ˈkərəntli biɪŋ weɪʤd ɔn ɑr ˈsəðərn ˈbɔrdər. wɔrz fər ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri ðət ər weɪʤd ɔn ɑr strits wɪl bi rɪˈdust. ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈdraɪvˈbaɪ ˈʃutɪŋz ðət hæv bɪˈkəm ˈkɑmənˌpleɪs ɪn ɑr ˈɪnər ˈsɪtiz wɪl bi rɪˈdust. wi wɪl nɑt ˈoʊnli seɪv ðə lɪvz əv ðə ˈdilərz hu ər ðə ˈtɑrgəts əv ðiz ˈʃutɪŋz bət ðə ˈɪnəsənt ˈbaɪˌstændərz, tu ˈɔfən ˈʧɪldrən, hu gɪt kɔt ɪn ðə ˈkrɔsˌfaɪr. ˈspikɪŋ əv ˈseɪvɪŋ ˈʧɪldrən... ˈligəˌlaɪzɪŋ drəgz wɪθ ðə əˈproʊpriˌeɪt ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃən ənd kənˈtroʊl wʊd səˈvɪrli ˈlɪmət ðə ˈækˌsɛs əv drəgz tɪ ˈʧɪldrən. ʤɪst ɛz ˈmaɪnərz ˈkænɑt ˈligəli baɪ ˈælkəˌhɑl, ðeɪ wʊd nɑt bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ wɔk ˈɪntu ə steɪt ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtɪd drəg stɔr ənd baɪ drəgz. ˈəndər ðə ˈprɛzənt kənˈdɪʃənz drəg ˈdilərz doʊnt kɛr ɪf ðə ˈkəstəmər ɪz 5 jɪrz oʊld ər 50 'ɪf ju gɑt ðə grin ju gɑt ðə doʊp.' ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛntli, mɔr lɪvz seɪvd. lɛt ˈjuˈɛs naʊ dɪˈskəs kraɪm. ˈligəˌlaɪzɪŋ ənd ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtɪŋ drəg pərˈdəkʃən ənd seɪl wɪl kˈwɪkli ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt ə hoʊl ˈplɛθərə əv kraɪmz rɪˈleɪtɪŋ tɪ ðoʊz ɪnˈdɛvərz. kraɪmz səʧ ɛz sˈməgəlɪŋ, prəˈdusɪŋ ənd ˈsɛlɪŋ drəgz wʊd sis tɪ bi ˈprɑfətəbəl. ðiz kraɪmz wʊd sis tɪ bi, ɪkˈsɛpt pərˈhæps, fər ə fju ˈdaɪˌhɑrd ədˈvɛnʧərərz. ər ɪn ðoʊz loʊˈkælz wɛr ðə ˈloʊkəl kəmˈjunɪti həz ˈmænˌdeɪtɪd ðət ɪt rɪˈmeɪn ˌɪˈligəl (ˈæftər ɔl, ðɛr ɪz stɪl ə θˈraɪvɪŋ 'ˈmunˌʃaɪn' ˈɪndəstri dɪˈspaɪt ðə liˈgæləti əv ˈælkəˌhɑl). wi wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt ðə kraɪm əv pəˈzɛʃən əv drəgz. ɪt wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ ˈlɪmət ðə əˌveɪləˈbɪlɪti əv fəndz tɪ ˈfaɪˌnæns ˈəðər kraɪmz səʧ ɛz ˌɪˈligəl ˈgæmbəlɪŋ, ˌprɑstəˈtuʃən, gunrunning*, ɛkˈstɔrʃən ənd ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt drəgz wɪl ˈlaɪkli bi ˈʧipər. ðə səˈplaɪ wʊd bi ˈrɛlətɪvli kənˈsɪstənt. ˈmɑrkɪt ˈfɔrsɪz səʧ ɛz 'səˈplaɪ ənd dɪˈmænd' wɪl bi lɛs əv ə dɪˈtərmənɪŋ praɪs ˈfæktər. nɔr wɪl ðə 'rɪsk' ˈfæktər tɪ ˈdilərz ənd sˈməgələrz əˈfɛkt praɪs. ðə kɔst əv prəˈdusɪŋ moʊst ˌɪˈligəl drəgz ɪz ˈmɪnəməl, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ɪn ən ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ˈsɛtɪŋ. ˈðɛrˌfɔr, ˌligələˈzeɪʃən wɪl meɪk ðə drəgz mɔr əˈfɔrdəbəl ˈðɛrˈbaɪ rɪˈdusɪŋ kraɪmz səʧ ɛz ˈbərgləri, ˈməgɪŋ ənd ˌprɑstəˈtuʃən. ðə lɔz wi ɪˈnækt tɪ ˈligəˌlaɪz ənd ˈrɛgjəˌleɪt drəgz məst ˌɪnˈklud səˈvɪr, ˈmændəˌtɔri ˈpɛnəltiz fər ðə vaɪəˈleɪʃən əv ðoʊz lɔz. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, kraɪmz kəˈmɪtɪd waɪl ˈəndər ðə ˈɪnfluəns əv drəgz ənd kraɪmz kəˈmɪtɪd fər ðə ˈpərpəs əv əbˈteɪnɪŋ drəgz məst bi dɛlt wɪθ mɔr səˈvɪrli ðən kraɪmz kəˈmɪtɪd fər mɪr ˈprɑfɪt. aɪ wʊd laɪk tɪ prəˈpoʊz ðət ˈkrɪmənəlz ˈmoʊtəˌveɪtəd baɪ ən əˈdɪkʃən tɪ drəgz bi ˈtritɪd ɛz ðə sɪk ˈpipəl ðət ðeɪ ər. ðət ðɛr kənˈvɪkʃən ˌrikˈwaɪər ə ˈmændəˌtɔri, ˌɪndɪˈtərmɪnɪt steɪ æt ə drəg ˈtritmənt fəˈsɪlɪti ənˈtɪl səʧ taɪm ɛz ðə ˈæˌdɪkt ɪz dɪˈklɛrd, baɪ ə ˈprɑpər ˈmɛdɪkəl əˈθɔrəti, nɑt ˈoʊnli fri əv ðə əˈdɪkʃən, bət ənˈlaɪkli tɪ rɪˈtərn tɪ drəgz. ðɛn, wɪn ðə ˈæˌdɪkt ɪz kjʊrd əv ðɛr ˈɪlnəs ðeɪ kən bi rɪˈtərnd tɪ ðə ˈsɛntənsɪŋ əˈθɔrəti tɪ dɪˈtərmən ɪf ˈfərðər ˈkrɪmənəl ˈpɛnəltiz ər ɪn ˈɔrdər. ɪt wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi nis ɪf ðə ˈpipəl hu kəmˈpraɪz sɛd ˈmɛdɪkəl əˈθɔrəti, ɛz wɛl ɛz pəroʊl bɔrdz ənd ˈəðər ˈeɪʤənsiz wɪθ ðə riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti fər riˈlisɪŋ ˈkrɪmənəlz ˈɪntu soʊˈsaɪɪti bi hɛld ˈpərsənəli riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ðoʊz dɪˈsɪʒənz. bət, aɪ səˈpoʊz ðət ɪz tu məʧ tɪ æsk. ˈmændəˌtɔri drəg ˈtɛstɪŋ ɪn ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈɪndəstriz, ˈmæsɪv drəg ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˈɛfərts ənd ə ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ˈsoʊʃəl ˈklaɪmɪt ɛz rɪˈleɪts tɪ ðə əv drəg əˈbjuz baɪ ðə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈpəblɪk ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz həz bɪn mɔr ˈifɛktɪv ɪn ðə kənˈtroʊl əv drəg juz ðən ˌproʊəˈbɪʃən ˈɛvər wɑz. əˈnəðər kɔst ˈfæktər fər drəgz wɪʧ wɪl bi ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪd ɪz wən ðət ɪz nɑt tɔkt əˈbaʊt ˈvɛri məʧ, bət ɪts ˈifɛkt ɔn soʊˈsaɪɪti ɪz ʤɪst ɛz ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪŋ, ˌɔlˈðoʊ nɑt ɛz ˈɑbviəs. ðət ɪz ðə kɔst əv kərˈəpʃən. ðə ˈməni ðət drəg ˈtræfɪkərz naʊ ɪkˈspɛnd fər pəˈlismɪn, ˈʤəʤɪz ənd ˈpəblɪk əˈfɪʃəlz. aɪ wɔnt tɪ seɪ hir ðət ðə væst məˈʤɔrəti əv pəˈlismɪn ənd ˈʤəʤɪz (əm nɑt soʊ ʃʊr əˈbaʊt ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz) ər ˈɑnəst, ˈhɑrdˌwərkɪŋ ˈpəblɪk ˈsərvənts. ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs, ðeɪ ər ˈjumən, ˈmoʊstli ˈəndərˈpeɪd ənd ˌoʊvərˈwərkt ənd səm wɪl səˈkəm tɪ tɛmˈteɪʃən. ðɛr ɪz təˈdeɪ ə 'riˈvɑlvɪŋ dɔr' ˈʤəstɪs ˈsɪstəm wɪθ ɪts pli ˈbɑrgɪnɪŋ. ˈərli pəroʊlz ənd əˈsɔrtɪd rulz ðət meɪk ɪt ˈdɪfəkəlt fər pəˈlis ənd ˈʤəʤɪz tɪ du ðə ʤɑb əv ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈkrɪmənəlz ɔf ðə strits ənd ˈkipɪŋ ðɛm ɔf. ðɪs gɪvz raɪz tɪ ə ˈlɛvəl əv frəˈstreɪʃən ənd ˈsɪnɪˌsɪzəm ðət ɪz ɪˈnɔrmɪs. ɪt ɪz ən ˈætməsˌfɪr raɪp fər kərˈəpʃən. ðə səˈpraɪzɪŋ θɪŋ ɪz ðət ðɛr ɪz nɑt mɔr əv ɪt! ðɪs ɪz ə ˈtrɪbjut tɪ ðə mɛn ənd ˈwɪmən əv ðə lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ənd ˈkrɪmənəl ˈʤəstɪs kəmˈjunɪti. kərˈəpʃən, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, dɪz ɪgˈzɪst ənd ðə ˈkɛrɪktər əv ðə ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ðət ɪnˈgeɪʤ ɪn ɪt, ɛz wɛl ɛz dɪˈmɪnɪʃɪŋ ðə ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz ðət dɪˈpɛnd ɔn ðɛm. ˈɔlsoʊ, wi ˈkænɑt fərˈgɛt ðə ˈpipəl ɪn ɑr ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz hu ˈnoʊɪŋli 'ˈlɔndər' (legitimatize*) ðə geɪnz əv ðə ˈkrɪmənəlz hu ɪnˈgeɪʤ ɪn ðiz ækˈtɪvɪtiz. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ðə ɪˌlɪməˈneɪʃən əv drəg kraɪmz ənd ðə rɪˈdəkʃən əv drəg rɪˈleɪtɪd kraɪmz wɪl rɪˈdus ðə ˈbərdən ɔn ðə ˈprɪzən ˈsɪstəm baɪ mɔr ðən hæf. ɪt wɪl fri lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ˈɔfɪsərz tɪ ˈkɑnsənˌtreɪt ɔn ˈəðər, mɔr ˈprɛsɪŋ, matters.(i.e*. ˈbərni ˈmɛdɔf, aig*, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə.) ɪt wɪl əˈlaʊ ˈʤəʤɪz tɪ pʊt əˈweɪ mɔr ˈdeɪnʤərəs ˈkrɪmənəlz ənd tɪ kip ðiz ˈpipəl ɔf ðə strits ˈlɔŋgər wɪn ˈprɪzən ˈoʊvərˌkraʊdɪŋ bɪˈkəmz lɛs əv ə kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, ðə ˈprɪzən əˈθɔrətiz kən ˈkɑnsənˌtreɪt mɔr ɔn ˌriəˌbɪləˈteɪʃən ðən kənˈtroʊl. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt lɛts tɔk ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪks naʊ! ðə ˌligələˈzeɪʃən əv drəgz wɪl, fərst əv ɔl, kriˈeɪt ʤɑbz. ʤɑbz ɪn ˈægrɪˌkəlʧər groʊɪŋ ðə plænts. prɑˈspɛrəti ənd ˈfridəm tɪ ˈmɛni θərd wərld ˈkəntriz ənd ðɛr ˈsɪtɪzənz. məʧ əv ðiz drəgz ər naʊ groʊn baɪ ˈwɔˌrlɔrdz ənd ˈkrɪmənəlz hu əˈprɛs ðɛr ˈpipəl. ʤɑbz ɪn ðə ˌmænjəˈfækʧərɪŋ əv drəgz. ʤɑbz ɪn ðə ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən ənd ˈhoʊlˌseɪlɪŋ əv drəgz. ɛz wɛl ɛz ʤɑbz ɪn ðə ˈriˌteɪl ˈsɛktər. ðɛn ðɛr ər ðə tæks ˈrɛvəˌnuz. ðə ˈtæksɪz ðət wɪl bi peɪd baɪ ðə ˈɪndəstriz ðət ˌmænjəˈfækʧər drəgz. ðə ˈtæksɪz peɪd ɔn ðə ˈɪnˌkəmz əv ðoʊz hu faɪnd ʤɑbz ɪn ðə drəg ˈɪndəstriz. ðə 'sɪn' ˈtæksɪz ðət wɪl moʊst ˈlaɪkli bi ˈlɛvid ɔn drəgz. ɪf ðə ˈtæksɪz ɔn ˈælkəˌhɑl ənd təˈbæˌkoʊ ər ˈɛni ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən ˈɛvəri ˈdɔlər spɛnt ɔn drəgz wɪl bi tɪ pərˈhæps mɔr, wɪl bi ˈtæksɪz. nɑt tɪ ˈmɛnʃən ˈloʊkəl seɪlz tæks. ə ˈpɔrʃən əv ðə 'sɪn' tæks kən bi ˈɪrˌmɑrkt fər ˈifɛktɪv drəg ˌriəˌbɪləˈteɪʃən ənd drəg əˈwɛrnəs ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən. ˈæftər ɔl ɪt ɪz ˈoʊnli fɛr ðət ðə ˈpipəl hu ər ðə ˈprɑbləm bi ə pɑrt əv ðə səˈluʃən. səm əv ðət ˈməni maɪt ˈɔlsoʊ bi juzd tɪ dɪˈvɛləp drəgz ðət ər nɑt əˈdɪktɪŋ ər ˈfɪzɪkəli ˈhɑrmfəl bət wɪl prəˈvaɪd ðə ˈplɛʒər ðət drəg ˈjuzərz sik. ˈwʊdənt ɪt bi nis ðət wɪn ə drəg əˈbjuzər məˈʧʊrz ɪˈnəf tɪ noʊ ˈlɔŋgər nid tɪ juz drəgz tɪ haɪd frəm ðɛr laɪf, ðeɪ kən meɪk ə ʧɔɪs tɪ stɑp. ə ʧɔɪs ˌənəbˈstrəktɪd baɪ ə ˈfɪzɪkəl dɪˈpɛndənsi. waɪl ˈmɑdərˌeɪt ˈjuzərz kən ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ðɛr ˈplɛʒər wɪˈθaʊt fɪr əv əˈdɪkʃən. ˈfərðər, ðə rɪˈdəkʃən əv drəg ˈdilərz hu prəˈvaɪd ə ˈnɛgətɪv roʊl ˈmɑdəl tɪ ðə jəŋ ˈpipəl ɪn ə kəmˈjunɪti ɪz ə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈbɛnəfɪt ðət ˈkænɑt bi dɪˈnaɪd. təˈdeɪ jəŋ ˈpipəl, əˈspɛʃəli ɪn ðə sləmz ənd əv ðə ˈɪnər ˈsɪtiz, ər ˈgɪvɪn ə mɪkst ˈmɛsɪʤ. ðeɪ ər toʊld baɪ ðɛr ˈfæməliz, ˈspɪrɪˌʧuəl ˈlidərz ənd ˈtiʧərz tɪ bi hɑrd ˈwərkɪŋ, ˈɑnəst ənd lɔ əˈbaɪdɪŋ ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ hæv ə gʊd ənd ˈprɑspərəs laɪf. ðɛn ðeɪ lʊk əraʊnd ənd si, ɔl tu ˈɔfən, ˈpipəl hu lɪv baɪ ðiz aɪˈdilz ˈstrəgəlɪŋ ɪn ˈpɑvərti ənd ənˈhæpinɪs æt wərst, ˈstrəgəlɪŋ tɪ meɪk ɛndz mit æt bɛst. ˈdraɪvɪŋ oʊld ˈbitər kɑz (wɪn ðeɪ kən əˈfɔrd kɑz), ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ˈrənˌdaʊn hoʊmz, ˌɪmˈprɪzənd ɪn ðɛr hoʊmz əˈfreɪd tɪ wɔk ðə strits. waɪl ðə drəg ˈdilərz, pɪmps ənd θivz sim tɪ oʊn ðə strits, raɪd əraʊnd ɪn ˈflæʃi nu kɑz, lɪv ɪn ˈklæsi ˈhaʊsɪz ənd əˈpɑrtmənts ənd ˈɔlˌweɪz sim tɪ hæv ˈməni. nɑt ˈoʊnli dɪz ðɪs sɛnd ə kənfˈjuzɪŋ ˈmɛsɪʤ tɪ ðə ˈʧɪldrən. ɪt kriˈeɪts ˌdɪsrɪˈspɛkt fər ðoʊz ˈpipəl ðeɪ ʃʊd rɪˈspɛkt moʊst. ˈʧɪldrən wɪl fil ðeɪ hæv bɪn dɪˈsivd baɪ ˈpɛrənts, ˈklərʤiˌmɛn ənd ˈtiʧərz wɪn ðə ˈlɛsənz ðeɪ ər tɔt du nɑt kənˈfɔrm tɪ ðə ˌriˈæləˌti ðeɪ si əraʊnd ðɛm. ˌligələˈzeɪʃən wɪl, tɪ səm ɪkˈstɛnt, ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt ðoʊz ˈnɛgətɪv roʊl ˈmɑdəlz. ðɛn ðə ˈʧɪldrən wɪl ˈoʊnli hæv ˈkɔrpərət ɪgˈzɛkjətɪvz ənd ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz tɪ lʊk tɪ fər ˈnɛgətɪv roʊl ˈmɑdəlz aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪz ðət ðə drəg ˈprɑbləm ɪz ən ˈiˌmoʊʃnəli ʧɑrʤd ˈɪʃu tɪ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl. ðɛr ər noʊ ˈækjərət ˈfɪgjərz ɔn ðə ɪkˈstɛnt əv drəg juz ənd drəg əˈbjuz ɪn ðɪs ˈkəntri. ˈɛstəˌmeɪts ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ðət bɪtˈwin 5 ənd 15 əv ðə ˈpipəl ɪn ðɪs ˈkəntri əˈbjuz ðɛmˈsɛlvz wɪθ drəgz. ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈmɑdərˌeɪt drəg ˈjuzərz ɪz ˈpræktɪkəli ənˈnoʊn. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪf wi juz ɛz ən ðə ˈreɪʃiˌoʊ əv ˈmɑdərˌeɪt ˈælkəˌhɑl ˈjuzərz tɪ ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈælkəˌhɑl əˈbjuzərz pərˈhæps ðət wɪl gɪv ˈjuˈɛs ən ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən. ðə ˈpipəl hu juz ˌrɛkriˈeɪʃənəl drəgz ənd məˈdɪsənəl drəgz fər ˌrɛkriˈeɪʃən ˈmɑdərətli ər ˈɔfən dɪˈskrit, kwaɪət, riˈspɑnsəbəl ˈpipəl hu goʊ tɪ wərk ˈɛvəri deɪ. ðeɪ moʊ ðɛr lɔnz ɔn ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd ənd hæv ðɛr frɛndz ənd ˈneɪbərz ˈoʊvər fər ˈdɪnər. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˌɪˈligəl ˈneɪʧər əv ðɛr ækˈtɪvɪtiz ðeɪ məst kip ɪt bɪˈhaɪnd kloʊzd dɔrz, ˈɔfən ˈhaɪdɪŋ frəm ðɛr ˈʧɪldrən ˈivɪn ðɛr meɪts. ðiz ˈɛstəˌmeɪts ˈvɛri tɪ səm ɪkˈstɛnt wɪθ ðə raɪz ənd fɔl əv ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi. ˈpɑvərti ɪz ə greɪt ˈstɪmjələs tɪ drəg juz ənd drəg əˈbjuz. pərˈhæps səm əv ðə ˈbɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz ðət wɪl bi seɪvd baɪ ˈɛndɪŋ ðə, ˈsoʊˈkɔld, ɔn drəgz' kʊd bi juzd tɪ hɛlp rɪˈdus ˈpɑvərti. ˈɛstəˌmeɪts ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ðət ðɛr ɪz noʊ əˈpriʃəbəl ʧeɪnʤ ɪn drəg əˈbjuz ˈfɪgjərz frəm wɪn drəgz wər ˈligəl tɪ wɪn ðeɪ wərənt. nɛkst peɪʤ 1 2

- advertisement - at the presidents town hall meeting i was truly disappointed by the presidents response to the question about legalizing marijuana. drugs should be legal! no one can argue that the nabuse of drugs are a scourge on our society. however, as bad as the effect of drug abuse on our society is, the effect of prohibition is worse. if recreational drugs were legal, under controlled conditions as is the legal drug alcohol, hundreds (perhaps even thousands) of lives would be saved each year. criminal and terrorist organizations would be denied a major source of income. crime would be reduced. doctors can use any efficacious treatment that will benefit the patient most. billions of tax dollars could be diverted to useful and successful programs. the economy would grow and provide benefit for more people. the social benefits would be manifold. many of the deaths that are now pigeonholed as 'drug overdose' are, in fact, caused by drugs that are purer than the users' accustomed dose. this will cause an overdose by merely taking the dose to which they are accustomed. other deaths are caused by the drugs being 'cut' (diluted) with impure or dangerous substances. at present drugs are cut with anything from relatively harmless things such as baking soda, powdered sugar, lactose and corn starch to poisons like strychnine and arsenic. legal drugs would fall under the supervision and standards of the food and drug administration (fda) thereby insuring cleaner, purer drugs at consistent dosages. in addition, intravenous and intramuscular drugs could be packaged in single use syringes that are designed to be destroyed by the act of using them once. thus preventing the reuse and sharing of needles. this will reduce the spread of aids, hepatitis and many other types of infection. hence, more lives saved, as well as reducing the burden on public resources since many drug abusers cannot afford to pay for medical treatment. - advertisement - legal drugs will take the drug trade out of the hands of criminals and terrorists. it will make it more difficult in the future to have attacks of the nature of the attack on our marines in lebanon, the american embassy in kenya and the world trade center by terrorists who are, in part, financed by the drug trade. it will eliminate the kind of war that is currently being waged on our southern border. wars for territory that are waged on our streets will be reduced. many of the drive-by shootings that have become commonplace in our inner cities will be reduced. we will not only save the lives of the dealers who are the targets of these shootings but the innocent bystanders, too often children, who get caught in the crossfire. speaking of saving children... legalizing drugs with the appropriate regulation and control would severely limit the access of drugs to children. just as minors cannot legally buy alcohol, they would not be able to walk into a state regulated drug store and buy drugs. under the present conditions drug dealers don't care if the customer is 5 years old or 50. 'if you got the green you got the dope.' consequently, more lives saved. let us now discuss crime. legalizing and regulating drug production and sale will quickly eliminate a whole plethora of crimes relating to those endeavors. crimes such as smuggling, producing and selling drugs would cease to be profitable. these crimes would cease to be, except perhaps, for a few diehard adventurers. or in those locales where the local community has mandated that it remain illegal (after all, their is still a thriving 'moonshine' industry despite the legality of alcohol). we would also eliminate the crime of possession of drugs. it will also limit the availability of funds to finance other crimes such as illegal gambling, prostitution, gunrunning, extortion and terrorism. - advertisement - drugs will likely be cheaper. the supply would be relatively consistent. market forces such as 'supply and demand' will be less of a determining price factor. nor will the 'risk' factor to dealers and smugglers affect price. the cost of producing most illegal drugs is minimal, particularly in an industrial setting. therefore, legalization will make the drugs more affordable thereby reducing crimes such as burglary, mugging and prostitution. the laws we enact to legalize and regulate drugs must include severe, mandatory penalties for the violation of those laws. in addition, crimes committed while under the influence of drugs and crimes committed for the purpose of obtaining drugs must be dealt with more severely than crimes committed for mere profit. i would like to propose that criminals motivated by an addiction to drugs be treated as the sick people that they are. that they're conviction require a mandatory, indeterminate stay at a drug treatment facility until such time as the addict is declared, by a proper medical authority, not only free of the addiction, but unlikely to return to drugs. then, when the addict is cured of their illness they can be returned to the sentencing authority to determine if further criminal penalties are in order. it would also be nice if the people who comprise said medical authority, as well as parole boards and other agencies with the responsibility for releasing criminals into society be held personally responsible for those decisions. but, i suppose that is too much to ask. mandatory drug testing in critical industries, massive drug education efforts and a changing social climate as relates to the non-acceptance of drug abuse by the general public in recent years has been more effective in the control of drug use than prohibition ever was. another cost factor for drugs which will be eliminated is one that is not talked about very much, but it's effect on society is just as devastating, although not as obvious. that is the cost of corruption. the money that drug traffickers now expend for policemen, judges and public officials. i want to say here that the vast majority of policemen and judges (i'm not so sure about politicians) are honest, hardworking public servants. nevertheless, they are human, mostly underpaid and overworked and some will succumb to temptation. there is today a 'revolving door' justice system with it's plea bargaining. early paroles and assorted rules that make it difficult for police and judges to do the job of taking criminals off the streets and keeping them off. this gives rise to a level of frustration and cynicism that is enormous. it is an atmosphere ripe for corruption. the surprising thing is that there is not more of it! this is a tribute to the men and women of the law enforcement and criminal justice community. corruption, however, does exist and imbrues the character of the individuals that engage in it, as well as diminishing the institutions that depend on them. also, we cannot forget the people in our financial institutions who knowingly 'launder' (legitimatize) the ill-gotten gains of the criminals who engage in these activities. in addition, the elimination of drug crimes and the reduction of drug related crimes will reduce the burden on the prison system by more than half. it will free law enforcement officers to concentrate on other, more pressing, matters.(i.e. bernie medoff, aig, etc.) it will allow judges to put away more dangerous criminals and to keep these people off the streets longer when prison overcrowding becomes less of a consideration. in addition, the prison authorities can concentrate more on rehabilitation than control. - advertisement - let's talk economics now! the legalization of drugs will, first of all, create jobs. jobs in agriculture growing the plants. prosperity and freedom to many third world countries and their citizens. much of these drugs are now grown by warlords and criminals who oppress their people. jobs in the manufacturing of drugs. jobs in the distribution and wholesaling of drugs. as well as jobs in the retail sector. then there are the tax revenues. the taxes that will be paid by the industries that manufacture drugs. the taxes paid on the incomes of those who find jobs in the drug industries. the 'sin' taxes that will most likely be levied on drugs. if the taxes on alcohol and tobacco are any indication every dollar spent on drugs will be 60¢ to 70¢, perhaps more, will be taxes. not to mention local sales tax. a portion of the 'sin' tax can be earmarked for effective drug rehabilitation and drug awareness education. after all it is only fair that the people who are the problem be a part of the solution. some of that money might also be used to develop drugs that are not addicting or physically harmful but will provide the pleasure that drug users seek. wouldn't it be nice that when a drug abuser matures enough to no longer need to use drugs to hide from their life, they can make a choice to stop. a choice unobstructed by a physical dependency. while moderate users can enjoy their pleasure without fear of addiction. further, the reduction of drug dealers who provide a negative role model to the young people in a community is a social benefit that cannot be denied. today young people, especially in the slums and ghettoes of the inner cities, are given a mixed message. they are told by their families, spiritual leaders and teachers to be hard working, honest and law abiding in order to have a good and prosperous life. then they look around and see, all too often, people who live by these ideals struggling in poverty and unhappiness at worst, struggling to make ends meet at best. driving old beater cars (when they can afford cars), living in rundown homes, imprisoned in their homes afraid to walk the streets. while the drug dealers, pimps and thieves seem to own the streets, ride around in flashy new cars, live in classy houses and apartments and always seem to have money. not only does this send a confusing message to the children. it creates disrespect for those people they should respect most. children will feel they have been deceived by parents, clergymen and teachers when the lessons they are taught do not conform to the reality they see around them. legalization will, to some extent, eliminate those negative role models. then the children will only have corporate executives and politicians to look to for negative role models i realize that the drug problem is an emotionally charged issue to many people. there are no accurate figures on the extent of drug use and drug abuse in this country. estimates indicate that between 5 and 15% of the people in this country abuse themselves with drugs. the number of moderate drug users is practically unknown. however, if we use as an indicater the ratio of moderate alcohol users to the number of alcohol abusers perhaps that will give us an indication. the people who use recreational drugs and medicinal drugs for recreation moderately are often discrete, quiet, responsible people who go to work every day. they mow there lawns on the weekend and have their friends and neighbors over for dinner. however, because of the illegal nature of their activities they must keep it discretely behind closed doors, often hiding from their children even their mates. these estimates vary to some extent with the rise and fall of the economy. poverty is a great stimulus to drug use and drug abuse. perhaps some of the billions of dollars that will be saved by ending the, so-called, ‘war on drugs' could be used to help reduce poverty. estimates also indicate that there is no appreciable change in drug abuse figures from when drugs were legal to when they weren't. next page 1 | 2

ə nu æˈnælɪsɪs rɪˈvilz ðət ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪz floʊɪŋ ˈɪntu ˈsɪtiz æt ə ˈstɑrtlɪŋ klɪp. ə ˈdɛkeɪd əˈgoʊ, ˌbɪljəˈnɛr ˌɑntrəprəˈnərz ˈpitər θil ənd məsk ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ teɪk ˈbumɪŋ ˈstɑrˌtəp ˈpəblɪk frəm ə smɔl ˈkɔfi ʃɑp əˈlɔŋ ˈpæloʊ ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈævəˌnu. ðə strit, ðə ˈɛpəˌsɛntər əv ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli haɪ tɛk, ˈɔlsoʊ hɛlpt ˈɪnkjəˌbeɪt səʧ ʤaɪənts ɛz ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ənd ˈgugəl. bət təˈdeɪ, θil həz ˈsimɪŋli lɛft ðə ˈvæli bɪˈhaɪnd. ðə ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl fəndz hi rənz ər beɪst 30 maɪəlz nɔrθ, ɪn ə sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ˈbɪldɪŋ wɪθ vjuz əv ðə ˈgoʊldən geɪt brɪʤ. ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈhaɪli ˈpəblɪˌsaɪzd ˈstɑrˈtəps laɪk tˈwɪtər, skwɛr, ənd ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ðə hɑrt əv ˈərbən sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ. ɛz tˈwɪtər ʤæk ˈdɔrsi læst ˈfɛbruˌɛri frəm hɪz nu ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz ɪn sæn ˈneɪbərˌhʊd, "aɪ ləv ðə aɪˈdiə əv ən ˈərbən ˈkɔrpərət ˈkæmpəs wɪθ ɔl ðə ˈɛnərʤi ənd vərˈaɪəti ðət prəˈvaɪdz." tɪ wət ɪkˈstɛnt hæv ˈkləstərz əv ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ənd ˈstɑrˈtəps ˈʃɪftɪd frəm ðɛr trəˈdɪʃənəl loʊˈkeɪʃənz ɪn səˈbərbən tɪ ˈərbən tɛk ɪn ˈbɪgər ˈsɪtiz ənd ˈdɛnsər ˈərbən ˈdɪstrɪkts? bæk ɪn ðə 1980s*, ɪn ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈstədiz wɪθ ˈmɑrtɪn ˈkɛni, wi faʊnd səkˈsɛsfəl ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ənd ˌhaɪˈtɛk ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən tɪ bi ɛmˈbɛdɪd ɪn wət wi dəbd ə ˈriʤənəl "ˈsoʊʃəl ˈstrəkʧər əv ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən," kəmˈpraɪzd əv ˌhaɪˈtɛk fərmz, ˌjunəˈvərsəti ˈrisərʧ ənd ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzd səˈpɔrt ˈsərvɪsɪz. ðə ˈdɑmənənt ˈsoʊʃəl ˈstrəkʧərz əv ˈvɛnʧər ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən wi aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd æt ðə taɪm ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli ənd ˈbɔstənz rut 128 ˈɛriə wər kˌwɪntɪˈsɛnʃəl. wi dɪd nɑt aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈərbən ˈsɛnər ðət wɑz hoʊm tɪ səʧ ə ˈloʊkəˌlaɪzd ˈsoʊʃəl ˈstrəkʧər əv ˌhaɪˈtɛk ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən ənd ˈvɛnʧər ˈstɑrˌtəp ækˈtɪvɪti. ɪn ðə 1980s*,, ənd nɑt ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈərbən ˈsɛnər ˈraɪvəld ðə ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli ɛz ə ˈsɛnər əv ˌhaɪˈtɛk ˈstɑrˌtəp ækˈtɪvɪti. bət ˈrisənt ˈstədiz hæv ˈpɔɪntɪd tɪ ən ˈərbən ʃɪft tɪ nu jɔrk ˈsɪti, sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ, ˈbɔstən ənd ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ənd ˈləndən, bərˈlɪn ənd ˈɛlsˌwɛr əraʊnd ðə wərld. ə greɪt dil əv ˈəðər ˈrisərʧ həz ˈnoʊtɪd ðə rɪˈtərn əv ˈpipəl, ʤɑbz ənd ˈkɑmərs tɪ ðə ˈərbən kɔr, əˈspɛʃəli əv mɔr ˈhaɪli ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtɪd ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ənd ˈhaʊsˌhoʊldz ə trɛnd ˈælən ˈɛrənˌhɔlt dəbz "ðə greɪt ˌɪnˈvərʒən." ðɪs ˈərbən ʃɪft ɪn ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ənd ˈstɑrˈtəps ɪz ɪn laɪn wɪθ ðə lɔŋ hɛld vju ðət dɛns ˈsɪtiz, ɛz əˈpoʊzd tɪ ˈsprɔlɪŋ ˈsəbərbz, prəˈvaɪd ðə ɪˈkɑləʤi rikˈwaɪərd fər ˈbreɪkθˌru ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən. ənˈtɪl naʊ, ðə ˈɛvədəns fər ðɪs ʃɪft həz bɪn ˈmeɪnli ˌænɪkˈdoʊtəl. bət ðæts ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ. ˈpriviəs poʊsts ɪn ðɪs ˈsɪriz hæv juzd ˈvɛriəs ˈmɛtrɪks, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ trəˈdɪʃənəl, ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃənz əv ˈmɛˌtroʊ ˈɛriəz ənd ˈtɛləˌfoʊn ˈɛriə koʊdz, tɪ træk ðə ʤiˈɑgrəfi əv ˈvɛnʧər ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ənd ˈstɑrˌtəp ækˈtɪvɪti əˈkrɔs ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. bət zɪp koʊd ˈlɛvəl ˈdætə meɪd əˈveɪləbəl tɪ ˈjuˈɛs baɪ daʊ ʤoʊnz ɪˈneɪbəlz ˈjuˈɛs tɪ lʊk ˈɪntu ðə loʊˈkeɪʃən əv ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn ˈsɪtiz ənd ˈsəbərbz ɪn məʧ ˈgreɪtər ˈditeɪl. təˈdeɪ, aɪl ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ðə keɪs əv ðə beɪ ˈɛriə, kəmˈpɛrɪŋ ˈərbən ənd səˈbərbən ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ənd ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli. ɪn ðə ˈkəmɪŋ wiks aɪl lʊk æt ˈəðər əˈmɛrɪkən ˈstɑrˌtəp həbz ɪn ðə ˈkɔrɪdər, lɑ ənd ˈsəðərn ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə, siˈætəl, ˈɔstən, ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ ənd ˈɛlsˌwɛr. ˈzærə ˈmæθəsən əv ðə ˈmɑrtɪn prɑˈspɛrəti ˈɪnstɪˌtut mæpt ðə ˈdætə. ðɪs fərst mæp (əˈbəv) ʃoʊz ðə ˈdɔlərz ˈvælju əv ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt əˈkrɔs beɪ ˈɛriə zɪp koʊdz, waɪl ðə ˈsɛkənd (bɪˈloʊ) ˈtreɪsɪz ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl dilz ɪn ˈstɑrˌtəp ˈkəmpəˌniz əˈkrɔs ðə ˈriʤənz zɪps. ðə mæps ʃoʊ klɪr ˈkləstərz əv ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn ðə ˈsɪti əv sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ənd ɪn ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ɪn ˈpæloʊ ˈæltoʊ ənd ˈnɪrˈbaɪ ˈmaʊntən vju. ðə ʃɪr ˈnəmbər əv lɑrʤ ˈkləstərz əv ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn ðə mæps meɪk ɪt klɪr ðət ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ɪn beɪ ˈɛriə ɪz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər praɪˈmɛrəli ər ˌprɪˈdɑmənənˌtli ˈsɛntərd ɪn ðə kˌwɪntɪˈsɛnʃəl ˈtɛki həb əv ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli. sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ həz bɪn ˈkæʧɪŋ əp: ðə ˈbɪgəst dɑts baɪ fɑr ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪŋ ðə ˈgreɪtəst ˈvɑljum ənd ˌkɑnsənˈtreɪʃən əv ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ækˈtɪvɪti ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt əˈpɪr tɪ bi ɪn ənd əraʊnd ðə ˈsɛnər əv sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ. ˈsɪtiz ər ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ fæst. kip əp wɪθ ðə ˈdeɪli ˈnuzˌlɛtər. ðə bɛst weɪ tɪ ˈfɑloʊ ˈɪʃuz ju kɛr əˈbaʊt. səbˈskraɪb ˈloʊdɪŋ... ðə ˈteɪbəl bɪˈloʊ ræŋks ðə tɛn ˈlidɪŋ beɪ ˈɛriə zɪp koʊdz baɪ ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt. tɔp tɛn zɪp koʊdz fər ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn ðə beɪ ˈɛriə ræŋk zɪp koʊd ˈneɪbərˌhʊd ənd ˈfiʧərz ˈsɪti ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt (ˈmɪljənz) 1 94107 hɪl, saʊθ biʧ, saʊθ pɑrk sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ 2 94105 ˈrɪŋkən hɪl, ɛmˌbɑrkəˈdɛroʊ saʊθ sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ 693 3 94043 səˈbərbən ˈmaʊntən vju, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈgugəl ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz ˈmaʊntən vju 4 94063 sɛnˈtɛniəl, ˈstæmbɔ ˈhɛlər, ˈrɛdˌwʊd ˈvɪlɪʤ, ˈfrɛndli ˈeɪkərz ˈrɛdˌwʊd ˈsɪti 5 94103 saʊθ əv ˈmɑrkɪt sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ 6 95054 səˈbərbən ˈsænə ˈklɛrə, nɔrθ ˈsænə ˈklɛrə 7 94065 ˈrɛdˌwʊd ʃɔrz ˈrɛdˌwʊd ˈsɪti 8 94301 ˈkrɛsənt pɑrk, ˌjunəˈvərsəti saʊθ, oʊld ˈpæloʊ ˈæltoʊ ˈpæloʊ ˈæltoʊ 9 94085 ˈsəniˌveɪl ˈsəniˌveɪl 10 94089 nɔrθ ˈsəniˌveɪl, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈleɪkˌwʊd, ˈlɑˌkhid ˈmɑrtɪn ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz ˈsəniˌveɪl ðə tu ˈlidɪŋ zɪp koʊdz baɪ fɑr ər 94107 ənd 94105 tu ˈərbən ˈdɪstrɪkts ðət ˌɪnˈklud lɑrʤ əv sæn frænˈsɪskoʊz ˈwɔtərˌfrənt, ˈrənɪŋ saʊθ frəm ðə ˈsɛntrəl ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈdɪstrɪkt, ənd ðət hæv bɪn strɔŋ tɛk həbz sɪns ðə bum. ənd sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ hoʊm tɪ ðə fɪθ ˈlidɪŋ zɪp koʊd ɛz wɛl. ðə θərd ˈrɪʧəst zɪp, 94043 pɔɪnts tɪ ðə kənˈtɪnjud strɛŋθ əv mɔr trəˈdɪʃənəl, səˈbərbən tɛk ˈsɛnərz. ðɪs ˈmaʊntən vju ˈdɪstrɪkt ɪz hoʊm tɪ ðə googleplex*, ðə kˌwɪntɪˈsɛnʃəl ˈkæmpəs. ˈəðər ˈlidɪŋ zɪp koʊdz ər ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ˈrɛdˌwʊd ˈsɪti, ənd ɪn ðə ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli həbz əv ˈpæloʊ ˈæltoʊ, ˈmaʊntən vju ənd ˈsəniˌveɪl. səm ər mɔr səˈbərbən ɪn ˌɔriɛnˈteɪʃən, wɪθ lɑrʤ ˈkɔrpərət ˈkæmpəsɪz, bət dɛns ˈdaʊnˈtaʊn ˈpæloʊ ˈæltoʊ 94301 ˈɔlsoʊ meɪks ðə lɪst. ˈoʊvərˌɔl, ðə ˈlidɪŋ beɪ ˈɛriə zɪp koʊdz fər ˈvɛnʧər ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ˌɪnˈklud ˈvaɪbrənt, ˈərbən ˈɛriəz boʊθ wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈsɪti əv sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ənd ɪn ðə sˈmɔlər ˈdaʊnˈtaʊnz əv ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli taʊnz ɛz wɛl ɛz mɔr trəˈdɪʃənəl səˈbərbən. ðə nɛkst ˈteɪbəl bɪˈloʊ ɪz pərˈhæps ˈivɪn mɔr ˈtɛlɪŋ, ʃoʊɪŋ ðə ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən əv ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt wɪˈθɪn ənd əˈkrɔs beɪ ˈɛriə ˈsɪtiz. ˈlidɪŋ ˈsɪtiz fər ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn ðə beɪ ˈɛriə ræŋk ˈsɪti ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt (ˈmɪljənz) 1 sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ 2 ˈpæloʊ ˈæltoʊ 3 ˈrɛdˌwʊd ˈsɪti 4 ˈmaʊntən vju 918 5 ˈsəniˌveɪl 800 6 ˈsænə ˈklɛrə 733 7 sæn ˌhoʊˈzeɪ 688 8 sæn mɑˈteɪoʊ 307 9 ˈfrimɑnt 299 10 ˈplɛzəntən 284 ðə ˈsɪti əv sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ɪz ðə ˈlidər wɪθ ˈbɪljən ɪn ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt, ˈrəfli ə θərd əv ðə beɪ ˈɛriə ˈtoʊtəl. ðɪs ɪz baɪ fɑr ðə ˈlɑrʤəst əˈmaʊnt əv ˈvɛnʧər ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt əv ˈɛni ˌʤʊrɪsˈdɪkʃən ɪn ðə ˈriʤən, ənd ə ˈwɑpɪŋ 16 pərˈsɛnt əv ˈtoʊtəl ˈvɛnʧər ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ˈnæʃənəli. ˈpæloʊ ˈæltoʊ ɪz ə ˈdɪstənt ˈsɛkənd wɪθ ˈbɪljən pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈtoʊtəl), ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ˈrɛdˌwʊd ˈsɪti ˈbɪljən), ˈmaʊntən vju 918 ˈmɪljən), ˈsəniˌveɪl 800 ˈmɪljən), ˈsænə ˈklɛrə 733 ˈmɪljən), ənd sæn ˌhoʊˈzeɪ 688 ˈmɪljən). ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt həz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈbeɪgən tɪ sprɛd əp ənd daʊn ðə pəˈnɪnsələ, ˈfɪlɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈsɪtiz ðət strɛʧ bɪtˈwin sæn ˌhoʊˈzeɪ ənd sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ˈprɑpər. ənd, wɪˈθɪn ðə beɪ ˈɛriə ˈbrɔdli, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðiz zɪp koʊd ˈlɛvəl ˈdætə, ðə sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ˈmɛˌtroʊ əˈtræktəd ˈnɪrli 70 pərˈsɛnt mɔr ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˈbɪljən) ðən ðə ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli ˈriʤən 5 ˈbɪljən). ˌprɪˈdɑmənənˌtli ˈərbən zɪp koʊdz əˈkaʊntɪd fər pərˈsɛnt əv ˈvɛnʧər ˌɪnˈvɛstmənts əˈkrɔs ðə beɪ ˈɛriə. ðə ˈdætə ˈɔlsoʊ ɪˈneɪbəl ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ʧɑrt ðə ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən əv ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ənd ˈstɑrˌtəp ækˈtɪvɪti əˈkrɔs ˈərbən ənd səˈbərbən zɪp koʊdz. ə zɪp koʊd ɪz ˈklæsəˌfaɪd ɛz "ˌprɪˈdɑmənənˌtli ˈərbən" ɪf mɔr ðən hæf əv ɪt fɔlz ˌɪnˈsaɪd ə ˈsɛntrəl ˈsɪti, ənd "ˌprɪˈdɑmənənˌtli səˈbərbən" ɪf mɔr ðən hæf ɪt fɔlz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ə ˈsɛntrəl ˈsɪti. lʊkt æt ðɪs weɪ, ɪn boʊθ ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli ɛz wɛl ɛz sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ, ˈərbən zɪp koʊdz ər ðə ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ ˈwɪnərz. ˈteɪkən ɛz ə hoʊl, ˌprɪˈdɑmənənˌtli ˈərbən zɪp koʊdz əˈkaʊntɪd fər pərˈsɛnt əv ˈvɛnʧər ˌɪnˈvɛstmənts əˈkrɔs ðə beɪ ˈɛriə ˈbɪljən), kəmˈpɛrd tɪ pərˈsɛnt ˈbɪljən) ɪn ˌprɪˈdɑmənənˌtli səˈbərbən koʊdz. ənd ˈvɛnʧər ˌɪnˈvɛstmənts goʊɪŋ tɪ ˌprɪˈdɑmənənˌtli ˈərbən zɪp koʊdz meɪk əp ə sˈlaɪtli ˈlɑrʤər ʃɛr əv ɔl ˈvɛnʧər ˌɪnˈvɛstmənts ɪn ðə sæn ˌhoʊˈzeɪ ˈmɛˌtroʊ pərˈsɛnt) ðən ðə sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ˈmɛˌtroʊ pərˈsɛnt). ðiz mæp ənd ˈdætə prəˈvaɪd ðə moʊst dɪˈteɪld ˈɛvədəns jɛt əv ðə ˈərbən ʃɪft ɪn ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ɪn ðə beɪ ˈɛriə. lɔŋ gɔn ər ðə deɪz wɪn ˌhaɪˈtɛk ˈstɑrˌtəps wər ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋli ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ˈsprɔlɪŋ səˈbərbən. ðə ˈsɛnər əv ˈgrævɪti fər ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ənd ˈstɑrˌtəp ækˈtɪvɪti ɪn ðə beɪ ˈɛriə təˈdeɪ əˈpɪrz tɪ hæv ˈʃɪftɪd tɪ ˈsɛntrəl ˈsɪtiz. "fər ɔl ɪts paʊər, ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli həz ə greɪt ˈwiknəs," roʊt ˈlɛʤənˌdɛri ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli ˌɪnˈvɛstər pɔl græm, ɪts səˈbərbən sprɔl." bət, hi ˈædɪd, "ə kəmˈpɛtɪtər ðət ˈmænɪʤd tɪ əˈvɔɪd sprɔl wʊd hæv ril ˈlɛvərɪʤ." ðət "kəmˈpɛtɪtər" həz tərnd aʊt tɪ bi ˈnɪrˈbaɪ sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ. ɪn hər bʊk ˈriʤənəl ædˈvæntɪʤ: ˈkəlʧər ənd ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən ɪn ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli ənd rut 128 əv ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə, ˈbərkli, ɪkˈspleɪnd haʊ ˈsɪləkən dɪˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd, koʊˈɑpərˌeɪtɪv ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm əˈlaʊd ɪt tɪ əˈdæpt tɪ nu tɛkˈnɑləʤiz, ˈbɛstɪŋ mɔr ˈrɪʤɪd ˈkɔrpərət ˈmɑdəl. ðɪs ˌflɛksəˈbɪləti həz kəm tɪ ðə fɔr wəns əˈgɛn, ɛz ðə beɪ tɛk kəmˈjunɪti əˈʤəsts ɪts ˈmɑdəl tɪ mit ðə ˈprɛfərənsɪz əv ə nu ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən əv ˈwərkərz ənd tɪ teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv ðə əˈbəndəns əv əˈfɔrdəbəl, ˈizəli ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ril ɛˈsteɪt ðət kən bi faʊnd ɪn ˈsɪtiz. əv kɔrs ˈsɪtiz ənd ˈsəbərbz ər nɑt ˌprɑpəˈzɪʃənz wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈstɑrˌtəps, ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ənd ˌhaɪˈtɛk ɪn ðə beɪ ˈɛriə. ɪf ˈstɑrˈtəps θraɪv ɪn dɛns, dɪˈvərs ˈərbən ˈsɛnər ˈsɪtiz wɛr ˈtælənt ˈkləstərz, ˌsɛrənˈdɪpɪti θraɪvz, ənd ˈsərvɪsɪz kən bi faʊnd ɪn ðə sərˈaʊndɪŋ ˈneɪbərˌhʊd, lɑrʤ ɪˈstæblɪʃt ˈkəmpəˌniz laɪk ˈgugəl, ˈæpəl ənd ˈfeɪsˌbʊk nid ðə speɪs ðət ðɛr səˈbərbən ˈkæmpəsɪz prəˈvaɪd. ðə ˌsɪmbaɪˈoʊsəs ɪz rɪˈflɛktɪd ɪn ðə ˈʃətəl ˈbəsɪz ðiz ˈkəmpəˌniz hæv lɔŋ rən bɪtˈwin ðɛr səˈbərbən ˈkæmpəsɪz ənd ˈdaʊnˈtaʊn sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ, wɛr mɔr ənd mɔr əv ðɛr ˈwərkərz prɪˈfər tɪ lɪv. ənd, təˈgɛðər, ðə beɪ ˈɛriəz ˈsɛnərz ɪn ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli ənd sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ meɪk ðə beɪ ˈɛriə ðə wərldz ˈlɑrʤəst ˈsɛnər fər ˈvɛnʧər haɪ tɛk ˈɪndəstri ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ənd ðə wərld. ðə ˈriʤən wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludz ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli, sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ, ˈoʊklənd ənd sərˈaʊndɪŋ ˈɛriəz əˈtræktəd ˈbɪljən ɪn ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn 2011 mɔr ðən fɔr taɪmz ðət əv ˈgreɪtər ˈbɔstən ər ˈgreɪtər nu jɔrk, ðə ˈneɪʃənz ˈsɛkənd ənd θərd ˈlɑrʤəst ˈsɛnərz fər ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt. maɪ nɛkst poʊst ɪn ðɪs ˈsɪriz wɪl lʊk æt ðə ʃɪft ɪn ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɔn ðə ist koʊst əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkɔrɪdər. ðɪs ɪz ðə ˈsɛvənθ ɪn ə ˈsɪriz əv poʊsts ɪkˈsplɔrɪŋ ðə nu ʤiˈɑgrəfi əv ˈvɛnʧər ˈkæpɪtəl ənd ˌhaɪˈtɛk ˈstɑrˈtəps, ənd ðə dɪˈgri tɪ wɪʧ ðiz ˈstɑrˌtəp kəmˈjunɪtiz ər ˈʃɪftɪŋ frəm ðɛr trəˈdɪʃənəl loʊˈkeɪʃənz ɪn ðə ˈsəbərbz tɪ ˈərbən ˈɛriəz.

a new analysis reveals that venture capital investment is flowing into cities at a startling clip. a decade ago, billionaire entrepreneurs peter thiel and elon musk decided to take booming start-up paypal public from a small coffee shop along palo alto's university avenue. the street, the epicenter of silicon valley high tech, also helped incubate such now-established giants as facebook and google. but today, thiel has seemingly left the valley behind. the venture capital funds he runs are based 30 miles north, in a san francisco building with views of the golden gate bridge. a number of highly publicized start-ups like twitter, square, and pinterest are also located in the heart of urban san francisco. as twitter co-founder jack dorsey tweeted last february from his new headquarters in san francisco’s mid-market neighborhood, "i love the idea of an urban corporate campus with all the energy and variety that provides." to what extent have clusters of venture capital and start-ups shifted from their traditional locations in suburban nerdistans to urban tech in bigger cities and denser urban districts? back in the 1980s, in a series of studies with martin kenney, we found successful venture capital and high-tech innovation to be embedded in what we dubbed a regional "social structure of innovation," comprised of high-tech firms, university research and specialized support services. the dominant social structures of venture capital-backed innovation we identified at the time – silicon valley and boston's route 128 area – were quintessential nerdistans. we did not identify a single urban center that was home to such a localized social structure of high-tech innovation and venture capital-backed start-up activity. in the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s not a single urban center rivaled the nerdistan silicon valley as a center of high-tech startup activity. but recent studies have pointed to an urban shift -- to new york city, san francisco, boston and cambridge in the united states and london, berlin and elsewhere around the world. a great deal of other research has noted the return of people, jobs and commerce to the urban core, especially of more highly educated individuals and households – a trend alan ehrenhalt dubs "the great inversion." this urban shift in venture capital and start-ups is in line with the long held view that dense cities, as opposed to sprawling suburbs, provide the ecology required for breakthrough innovation. until now, the evidence for this shift has been mainly anecdotal. but that's changing. previous posts in this series have used various metrics, including traditional, census-based definitions of metro areas and telephone area codes, to track the geography of venture investment and start-up activity across the united states. but zip code level data made available to us by dow jones enables us to look into the location of venture capital investment in cities and suburbs in much greater detail. today, i'll focus on the case of the bay area, comparing urban and suburban venture capital investment in san francisco and silicon valley. in the coming weeks i'll look at other american startup hubs in the boston-new york-washington corridor, la and southern california, seattle, austin, chicago and elsewhere. zara matheson of the martin prosperity institute mapped the data. • • • • • this first map (above) shows the dollars value of venture capital investment across bay area zip codes, while the second (below) traces the number of venture capital deals in startup companies across the region's zips. the maps show clear clusters of investment in the city of san francisco and in silicon valley, particularly in palo alto and nearby mountain view. the sheer number of large clusters of investment in the maps make it clear that venture capital in bay area is no longer primarily or predominantly centered in the quintessential techie hub of silicon valley. san francisco has been catching up: the biggest dots by far – indicating the greatest volume and concentration of venture capital activity investment – appear to be in and around the center of san francisco. cities are changing fast. keep up with the citylab daily newsletter. the best way to follow issues you care about. subscribe loading... the table below ranks the ten leading bay area zip codes by venture capital investment. top ten zip codes for venture capital investment in the bay area rank zip code neighborhood and features city investment (millions) 1 94107 portero hill, south beach, south park san francisco $1,885.8 2 94105 rincon hill, embarcadero south san francisco $693 3 94043 suburban mountain view, including google headquarters mountain view $660.5 4 94063 centennial, stambaugh heller, redwood village, friendly acres redwood city $575.2 5 94103 south of market san francisco 554.6 6 95054 suburban santa clara, north santa clara $548.3 7 94065 redwood shores redwood city $433.5 8 94301 crescent park, university south, old palo alto palo alto $412.7 9 94085 north-central sunnyvale sunnyvale $389.7 10 94089 north sunnyvale, including lakewood, lockheed martin headquarters sunnyvale $378.2 the two leading zip codes by far are 94107 and 94105, two urban districts that include large swathes of san francisco's waterfront, running south from the central financial district, and that have been strong tech hubs since the 1990s dot-com boom. and san francisco is also home to the fifth leading zip code as well. the third richest zip, 94043, points to the continued strength of more traditional, suburban tech centers. this mountain view district is home to the googleplex, the quintessential nerdistan campus. other leading zip codes are located in redwood city, and in the silicon valley hubs of palo alto, mountain view and sunnyvale. some are more suburban in orientation, with large corporate campuses, but dense downtown palo alto (94301) also makes the list. overall, the leading bay area zip codes for venture investment include vibrant, urban areas – both within the city of san francisco and in the smaller downtowns of silicon valley towns – as well as more traditional suburban nerdistans. the next table below is perhaps even more telling, showing the distribution of venture capital investment within and across bay area cities. leading cities for venture capital investment in the bay area rank city investment (millions) 1 san francisco $4,390 2 palo alto $1,291 3 redwood city $1,064 4 mountain view $918 5 sunnyvale $800 6 santa clara $733 7 san jose $688 8 san mateo $307 9 fremont $299 10 pleasanton $284 the city of san francisco is the leader with $4.39 billion in venture capital investment, roughly a third of the bay area total. this is by far the largest amount of venture investment of any jurisdiction in the region, and a whopping 16 percent of total venture investment nationally. palo alto is a distant second with $1.29 billion (4.8 percent of the national total), followed by redwood city ($1.06 billion), mountain view ($918 million), sunnyvale ($800 million), santa clara ($733 million), and san jose ($688 million). investment has also begun to spread up and down the peninsula, filling in the cities that stretch between san jose and san francisco proper. and, within the bay area broadly, according to these zip code level data, the san francisco metro attracted nearly 70 percent more venture capital ($8.5 billion) than the silicon valley region ($5 billion). predominantly urban zip codes accounted for 85.7 percent of venture investments across the bay area. the data also enable us to chart the distribution of venture capital investment and startup activity across urban and suburban zip codes. a zip code is classified as "predominantly urban" if more than half of it falls inside a central city, and "predominantly suburban" if more than half it falls outside a central city. looked at this way, in both silicon valley as well as san francisco, urban zip codes are the overwhelming winners. taken as a whole, predominantly urban zip codes accounted for 85.7 percent of venture investments across the bay area ($11.6 billion), compared to 14.4 percent ($1.9 billion) in predominantly suburban codes. and venture investments going to predominantly urban zip codes make up a slightly larger share of all venture investments in the san jose metro (93.1 percent) than the san francisco metro (81.6 percent). these map and data provide the most detailed evidence yet of the urban shift in venture capital in the bay area. long gone are the days when high-tech startups were overwhelmingly located in sprawling suburban nerdistans. the center of gravity for venture capital and startup activity in the bay area today appears to have shifted to central cities. "for all its power, silicon valley has a great weakness," wrote legendary silicon valley investor paul graham, its "soul-crushing suburban sprawl." but, he added, "a competitor that managed to avoid sprawl would have real leverage." that "competitor" has turned out to be nearby san francisco. in her book regional advantage: culture and competition in silicon valley and route 128, annalee saxenian of the university of california, berkeley, explained how silicon valley’s decentralized, cooperative ecosystem allowed it to adapt to new technologies, besting boston’s more rigid corporate model. this flexibility has come to the fore once again, as the bay area’s tech community adjusts its locational model to meet the preferences of a new generation of workers and to take advantage of the abundance of affordable, easily repurposable industrial real estate that can be found in cities. of course cities and suburbs are not either/or propositions when it comes to startups, venture capital and high-tech in the bay area. if start-ups thrive in dense, diverse urban center cities where talent clusters, serendipity thrives, and services can be found in the surrounding neighborhood, large established companies like google, apple and facebook need the space that their suburban campuses provide. the locational symbiosis is reflected in the shuttle buses these companies have long run between their suburban campuses and downtown san francisco, where more and more of their workers prefer to live. and, together, the bay area's centers in silicon valley and san francisco make the bay area the world's largest center for venture capital-backed high tech industry in the united states and the world. the region — which includes silicon valley, san francisco, oakland and surrounding areas — attracted $13.5 billion in venture capital investment in 2011, more than four times that of greater boston or greater new york, the nation's second and third largest centers for venture capital investment. my next post in this series will look at the suburban-urban shift in venture capital investment on the east coast across the boston-new york-washington corridor. ___ this is the seventh in a series of posts exploring the new geography of venture capital and high-tech start-ups, and the degree to which these start-up communities are shifting from their traditional locations in the suburbs to urban areas.

ðɪs ɪz ʤɑʃ, wən əv ðə sˈwitəst bɔɪz aɪv ˈɛvər mɛt. wɪn aɪ θɪŋk əv ɪm, aɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ðə fækt ðət hiz ˈnɛvər kəm ˈɪntu maɪ haʊs wɪˈθaʊt seɪɪŋ "haɪ" tɪ maɪ sən mæks fərst. simz laɪk noʊ bɪg dil ənˈtɪl ju ˈriəˌlaɪz ðət mæks həz səˈvɪr ˈɔˌtɪzəm ənd ˈrɛrli rɪˈtərnz ˈgritɪŋ. ðæts ˈnɛvər stɑpt ʤɑʃ frəm biɪŋ ˈmæksɪz frɛnd. ðɪs pæst ˈwiˌkɪnd ʤɑʃ wɑz bərnd ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈkæmpˌfaɪər ˈæksədənt. hi wɑz floʊn tɪ ə bərn ˈsɛnər ɪn ˈfrɛznoʊ wɛr hi ɪz biɪŋ kɛpt sɪˈdeɪtɪd du tɪ ðə ˌɪnˈtɛns peɪn hi ɪz ɪkˈspɪriənsɪŋ. hi səˈsteɪnd ənd dɪˈgri bərnz tɪ əˈprɑksəmətli 40 əv hɪz ˈbɑdi. ˈkərəntli, hɪz aɪz ər sˈwoʊlən ʃət ənd hi ɪz wɪʧ minz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə brif ˈmoʊmənts wɪn hi ɪz əˈweɪk hi ɪz əˈneɪbəl tɪ si ər spik tɪ hɪz ˈpɛrənts. ˈdɑktərz ər ˌɑptɪˈmɪstɪk ðət hi wɪl rɪˈkəvər ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt wɪl teɪk ˈməltəpəl ˈsərʤəriz iʧ wik fər ˈmɛni wiks tɪ kəm ənd ˌɪnˈtɛns ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈθɛrəpi. ðə ˈpərpəs əv ðɪs fənd ɪz tɪ əˈsɪst ðə ˈfæməli ənd ʤɑʃ ɪn ˈɛni weɪ ðeɪ maɪt nid. ðeɪ lɪv ɪn ˈhaɪlənd ənd wər ˈkæmpɪŋ wɪn ðɪs ˈtræʤədi əˈkərd soʊ ðeɪ ər dɪˈspleɪst tɪ ˈfrɛznoʊ waɪl ʤɑʃ rɪˈkupərˌeɪts. doʊˈneɪʃənz wɪl bi juzd tɪ hɛlp ðɛm wɪθ ðə ɪkˈspɛnsɪz ˈnidɪd fər hɪz ˈfæməli tɪ steɪ wɪθ ɪm ənd tɪ kip ˈɛvriˌwən ˈkəmfərtəbəl ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə nɛkst fju mənθs ðət ˈdɑktərz ɪkˈspɛkt ʤɑʃ wɪl hæv tɪ steɪ ɪn ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl. pliz hɛlp ðɪs swit bɔɪ, əm ʃʊr hi wʊd hɛlp ɪf ɪt wɑz ju. ðæts ʤɪst ðə kaɪnd əv kɪd hi ɪz. hɛlp sprɛd ðə wərd! ʃɛr twit 725 ˈtoʊtəl ʃɛrz ˈtoʊtəl ʃɛrz

this is josh, one of the sweetest boys i've ever met. when i think of him, i always think about the fact that he's never come into my house without saying "hi" to my son max first. seems like no big deal until you realize that max has severe autism and rarely returns josh's greeting. that's never stopped josh from being max's friend. this past weekend josh was burned during a campfire accident. he was flown to a burn center in fresno where he is being kept sedated due to the intense pain he is experiencing. he sustained 2nd and 3rd degree burns to approximately 40% of his body. currently, his eyes are swollen shut and he is intubated which means during the brief moments when he is awake he is unable to see or speak to his parents. doctors are optimistic that he will recover although it will take multiple surgeries each week for many weeks to come and intense physical therapy. the purpose of this fund is to assist the family and josh in any way they might need. they live in highland and were camping when this tragedy occurred so they are displaced to fresno while josh recuperates. donations will be used to help them with the expenses needed for his family to stay with him and to keep everyone comfortable during the next few months that doctors expect josh will have to stay in the hospital. please help this sweet boy, i'm sure he would help if it was you. that's just the kind of kid he is. help spread the word! share tweet 725 total shares total shares

"wi ɪkˈspɪriənst ə brif ˈɪʃu wɪθ ðə ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˈəpˌdeɪt ˈprɔˌsɛs, əˈfɛktɪŋ ə smɔl ˈnəmbər əv ˈjuzərz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fərst aʊər əv əˌveɪləˈbɪlɪti. ðə ˈprɑbləm wɑz kˈwɪkli riˈzɑlvd ənd wi əˈpɑləˌʤaɪz tɪ ðoʊz ˈkəstəmərz. ˈɛniˌwən hu wɑz əˈfɛktɪd ʃʊd kəˈnɛkt tɪ ˈaɪˌtunz tɪ kəmˈplit ðə ˈəpˌdeɪt ər ˈkɑnˌtækt fər hɛlp. ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt ˈgɪvɪn tɪ 'ɛs ʤɑn pəʧˈkɔfski, ˈæpəl sɪz ðə ˈɪʃu ðət wɑz ˈkɔzɪŋ ˈioʊs 10 ˈəpˌdeɪts ˌɪnˈstɔld tɪ feɪl ɔn səm ˈaɪˌpædz ənd ˈaɪˌfoʊnz həz bɪn riˈzɑlvd, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt seɪf tɪ ˈrɛzəˌmeɪ ˈioʊs 10 ˈæftər ˈioʊs 10 wɑz riˈlist, ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈpipəl hu əˈtɛmptəd tɪ ˌɪnˈstɔl ˈioʊs 10 ˈjuzɪŋ ən ˈdaʊnˌloʊd sɔ ðɛr ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən feɪl, ˈifɛktɪvli dɪˈvaɪsɪz ənˈtɪl pləgd ˈɪntu ˈaɪˌtunz fər ən ˈəpˌdeɪt ər rɪˈstɔr. fər ˈpipəl hu ər nɑt nɪr ə kəmˈpjutər ər hu du nɑt oʊn wən, ðɪs ɪz ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt hu wər ɔˈrɛdi əˈfɛktɪd baɪ ðə ˈprɑbləm wɪl nid tɪ kənˈtɪnju ɔn wɪθ ðə rɪˈstɔr ˈprɔˌsɛs ˈjuzɪŋ ə kəmˈpjutər, bət nu ˈjuzərz hu əˈtɛmpt tɪ ˌɪnˈstɔl ðə ˈəpˌdeɪt ʃʊd nɑt rən ˈɪntu ðə ˌrɛkəˈmɛndz kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə ˈbæˌkəp ˌbiˈfɔr ˌɪnˈstɔlɪŋ ˈɛni nu ˈioʊs ˈəpˌdeɪt, ənd ðoʊz ˈwərid əˈbaʊt ˈhævɪŋ ðə ˌɪnˈstɔl feɪl kən ˌɪnˈstɛd ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ðə ˈəpˌdeɪt θru ˈaɪˌtunz, ən ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən ˈmɛθəd ðət həz nɑt bɪn əˈfɛktɪd.

"we experienced a brief issue with the software update process, affecting a small number of users during the first hour of availability. the problem was quickly resolved and we apologize to those customers. anyone who was affected should connect to itunes to complete the update or contact applecare for help. in a statement given to buzzfeed 's john paczkowski, apple says the issue that was causing ios 10 updates installed over-the-air to fail on some ipads and iphones has been resolved, making it safe to resume ios 10 downloads.shortly after ios 10 was released, a number of people who attempted to install ios 10 using an over-the-air download saw their installation fail, effectively bricking devices until plugged into itunes for an update or restore. for people who are not near a computer or who do not own one, this is a significant problem.users who were already affected by the problem will need to continue on with the restore process using a computer, but new users who attempt to install the update should not run into the problem.apple recommendseating a backup before installing any new ios update, and those worried about having the install fail can instead download the update through itunes, an installation method that has not been affected.

kaɪlz ˈsɪgnəʧər ɔn ðə ˈfɔrəm ɪz: "bust ɪt, breɪk ɪt, riˈbɪld ɪt ˈstrɔŋgər, rɪˈpit process…*…" ənd hi lɪvz baɪ ðɪs ˈmɑtoʊ wɪθ ˈɛvəri kɑr hi oʊnz. hɪz əbˈsɛʃən wɪθ bust bɪˈgæn wɪθ ə dɑʤ ˈtərboʊ ˈdizəl ðət hi ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ bɪld raɪt ˈæftər ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ haɪ skul. ˌɔlˈðoʊ hi bɔt ðə trək stɑk, ɪt ˈdɪdənt teɪk ɪm lɔŋ tɪ sɔrs ˈɛvəri pɑrt ˌɪˈmæʤənəbəl tɪ meɪk 727 ˈhɔrˌspaʊər ənd rən ə 105 ˈɛmˈpiˈeɪʧ kˈwɔrtər maɪl. ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər əˈʧivɪŋ hɪz goʊl əv ˈoʊnɪŋ wən əv ðə ˈfæstəst trəks ɪn hɪz ˈhoʊmˌtaʊn, hi nu hi ˈwɔntɪd ˈsəmθɪŋ sˈmɔlər ənd ˈfæstər. hi nu hi ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ɛz hi hæd ə swɔpt praɪər tɪ hɪz trək. hi faʊnd ðə kɑr hi ˈwɔntɪd ənd kˈwɪkli soʊld ðə dɑʤ tɪ baɪ ðɪs ˈprɪstin 1996 seɪ. waɪl ðə frənt ɛnd kənˈvərʒən ənd swɑp wər ɔˈrɛdi kəmˈplitɪd baɪ ðə ˈpriviəs ˈoʊnər, kaɪl nu hi wʊd seɪv tənz əv ˈməni baɪ baɪɪŋ ðə kɑr ɔˈrɛdi ˈmɑdəˌfaɪd. hɪz fərst ˈɔrdər əv ˈbɪznɪs wɑz tɪ swɑp ɪn ə trænzˈmɪʃən ˈjuzɪŋ ə trænzˈmɪʃən əˈdæptər kɪt. ðɪs əˈlaʊd ɪm tɪ hæv ə rɪˈlaɪəbəl trænzˈmɪʃən ðət kʊd ˈhændəl ðə paʊər ðət ðə bɪlt ˈɪnʤən wɑz ˈkeɪpəbəl əv prəˈdusɪŋ. hi ˈɔlsoʊ ˈəpˌgreɪdɪd tɪ ə 3 stil tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ðət ðɪs ˈwəzənt ðə ˈwikəst lɪŋk ɪn hɪz drivetrain*. nɛkst, hi nu hi ˈnidɪd tɪ hæv ðə kɑr ɛz ðɪs wɑz ðə ˈɛriə əv ðə bɪld ðət ðə ˈpriviəs ˈoʊnər ɔn. hi hæd hərd greɪt θɪŋz əˈbaʊt ˈlɔrəns æt ˈreɪsɪŋ soʊ hi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðət ðɛr ʃɑp wʊd bi hɪz bɛst bɛt. ðə ˈɪnʤən wɑz məˈtɪkjələsli tund baɪ ˈlɔrəns ənˈtɪl ɪt wɑz prəˈdusɪŋ 445 ənd 383 əv tɔrk. ðə ˌtrænsfərˈmeɪʃən ɪn ˈæftər ðə tun wɑz soʊ drəˈmætɪk ðət ɪt riˈkɪndəld kaɪlz ləv fər ðə kɑr. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈdrɛdɪŋ ˈteɪkɪŋ ɪt aʊt əv hɪz gərɑʒ, hi wɑz naʊ ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ˈɛvəri ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ draɪv ɪt. kaɪlz plænz fər ðə fˈjuʧər ər tɪ hɪt ðə ˈjuzɪŋ slɪks (hɪz ˈkɑrənt bɛst ɪz æt 121 ˈɛmˈpiˈeɪʧ) ənd tɪ ˌɪnˈstɔl ˈsɑləd rɪr ˈbʊʃɪŋz. hi wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ laɪk tɪ ˈəpˈgreɪd hɪz frənt breɪks tɪ 13 ənd pəˈtɛnʃəli ˈəpˈgreɪd tɪ ə duəl bɔl ˈbɛrɪŋ ˈtərboʊ. dræg ˈreɪsɪŋ ɪz hɪz ˈpæʃən ənd hi plænz ɔn ˈspɛndɪŋ ɛz məʧ taɪm ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl æt ˈmɪʃən ˈreɪsˌweɪ ðɪs ˈsəmər. kaɪl wʊd laɪk tɪ gɪv ˈspɛʃəl θæŋks tɪ hɪz ˈgərlˌfrɛnd ˈlɛsli fər səˈpɔrtɪŋ ɪm θruaʊt ðə bɪld, ˈlɔrəns æt ˈreɪsɪŋ, ənd hɪz kloʊz frɛndz hu hæv kɛpt ɪm ɪn ðə ˈtunɪŋ sin. ˈfɑloʊ kaɪlz bɪld ɪn ðɪs θrɛd: hɪrz ə ʃɔrt ˈvɪdioʊ pʊt təˈgɛðər baɪ kaɪl: ˌmɑdəfəˈkeɪʃən lɪst: ˈɪnʤən ˈblækˌtɑp ˈpɑlɪʃt ənd naɪft ˈkræŋkˌʃæft ˈigəl rɑdz meɪn ˈbɛrɪŋz kəmˈprɛʃən ˈpɪstənz ɑrp hɛd stədz hɛd ˈgæskət ˈpɔrtɪd ənd ˈpɑlɪʃt hɛd ˈsteɪnləs stil vælvz wɪθ vælv spərɪŋz ənd taɪˈteɪniəm rɪˈteɪnərz 264 ˈɪnˌteɪk 272 ɪgˈzɔst ˈkæmˌʃæfts wɪθ kæm gɪrz ˈrɑkər ɑrm ˈstɑpərz ˈɪnˌteɪk ˈmænɪˌfoʊld ˌɪnˈʤɛktərz ənd ˈwɔlbroʊ fjuəl pəmp fʊl reɪs twɪn skroʊl tɔp maʊnt ɪgˈzɔst ˈmænɪˌfoʊld ˈtərboʊ wɪθ twɪn skroʊl ˈtərbaɪn ˈhaʊzɪŋ ˈkəstəm 3 ənd ɪgˈzɔst wɪθ ən ˈməflər ɪkˈstərnəl wɪθ bɑr spərɪŋ bloʊ ɔf vælv ˈtərboʊ wɪθ ˈkəstəm ˈɪnˌteɪk ˈpaɪpɪŋ ənd ˈsɛnsər ˈkəstəm ɔɪl kæʧ kən ˌɪnˈʤɛkʃən kɪt maʊnts paʊər bust kənˈtroʊlər kɔɪoʊ ˈreɪdiˌeɪtər wɪθ ˈaɪsəs duəl 12 ɪˈlɛktrɪk ˈbreɪdɪd ˈtərboʊ laɪnz trænzˈmɪʃən əˈdæptər kɪt ˈdəbəlju/ 3 stil trænzˈmɪʃən ɑs twɪn pleɪt kləʧ ˈsɑləd ˌdɪfərˈɛnʃəl ˈbʊʃɪŋz ɪkˈstɪriər ˈɔrəʤən læb staɪl ˈbɑdi kɪt vɪs ˈkɑrbən ˈfaɪbər hʊd frənt ɛnd kənˈvərʒən wərk ˈiˌmoʊʃən kaɪ blu ləg nəts ˈtoʊjoʊ pɪˈrɛli ˈkɔsə 20 ˈwɪndoʊ tɪnt hɪd kɪt ˌɪnˈtɪriər 2 fɪkst bæk sits geɪʤ ˈkləstər ˈnɑrdi ˈstɪrɪŋ wil ˈnɑrdi kwɪk riˈlis ˈəltrə laɪt ɔɪl ˈprɛʃər ˈgeɪʤɪz ˈɪnəˌveɪt blu lɛd geɪʤ

kyle's signature on the forum is: "boost it, break it, rebuild it stronger, repeat process…" and he lives by this motto with every car he owns. his obsession with boost began with a dodge turbo diesel that he started to build right after finishing high school. although he bought the truck stock, it didn't take him long to source every part imaginable to make 727 horsepower and run a 13.4 @ 105 mph quarter mile. shortly after achieving his goal of owning one of the fastest trucks in his hometown, he knew he wanted something smaller and faster. he knew he enjoyed 240sxs as he had a swapped s13 prior to his truck. he found the car he wanted and quickly sold the dodge to buy this pristine 1996 240sx se. while the kouki front end conversion and sr20det swap were already completed by the previous owner, kyle knew he would save tons of money by buying the car already modified. his first order of business was to swap in a z32 transmission using a mazworx sr/vg transmission adapter kit. this allowed him to have a reliable transmission that could handle the power that the built engine was capable of producing. he also upgraded to a 3" steel driveshaft to make sure that this wasn't the weakest link in his drivetrain. next, he knew he needed to have the car re-tuned as this was the area of the build that the previous owner skimped on. he had heard great things about lawrence at intec racing so he decided that their shop would be his best bet. the engine was meticulously tuned by lawrence until it was producing 445 hp and 383 lb-ft of torque. the transformation in driveability after the tune was so dramatic that it rekindled kyle's love for the car. instead of dreading taking it out of his garage, he was now looking for every opportunity to drive it. kyle's plans for the future are to hit the 11's using slicks (his current best is 12.41 at 121 mph) and to install solid rear subframe bushings. he would also like to upgrade his front brakes to 13" wilwoods and potentially upgrade to a dual ball bearing turbo. drag racing is his passion and he plans on spending as much time as possible at mission raceway this summer. kyle would like to give special thanks to his girlfriend leslie for supporting him throughout the build, lawrence at intec racing, and his close friends who have kept him in the tuning scene. follow kyle's build in this thread: http://www.importmeet.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=56&t=253 here's a short video put together by kyle: modification list: engine blacktop sr20det polished and knifed crankshaft eagle rods acl main bearings cp 86.5mm 8.5:1 compression pistons arp head studs cometic head gasket ported and polished head bc stainless steel valves with hks valve springs and bc titanium retainers hks 264 intake / 272 exhaust camshafts with hks cam gears greddy rocker arm stoppers greddy intake manifold sard 850cc injectors and sard fpr walbro 255lph fuel pump full race twin scroll top mount exhaust manifold holset hx35w turbo with twin scroll v-band turbine housing custom 3" downpipe and exhaust with an hks dragger muffler tial 44mm external wastegate with 1.5 bar spring greddy type-r blow off valve turbo xs intercooler with custom intake piping and z32 maf sensor custom oil catch can aem water/methanol injection kit nismo engine/transmission mounts apex'i power fc l-jetro apex'i avc-r boost controller koyo radiator with isis dual 12" electric fans/shroud braided turbo lines transmission/differential mazworx sr/vg transmission adapter kit w/ 3" steel driveshaft z32 transmission os giken twin plate clutch spl solid differential bushings exterior origin lab style body kit vis carbon fiber hood kouki front end conversion work emotion cr kai 17×9 / 18×9.5 titek blue lug nuts 235/40/17 toyo proxes t1r / 255/40/18 pirelli pzero corsa 20% window tint v-leds hid kit interior sparco evo 2 fixed back seats jdm gauge cluster nardi steering wheel nardi quick release autometer ultra lite oil temperature/oil pressure gauges innovate blue led wideband gauge

tuesday’s* ˈprɪti ˈlɪtəl laɪərz tʊk vjuərz bæk tɪ ə fəˈmɪljər sin: ə ˌrɛkriˈeɪʃən əv ðə ərˈɪʤənəl flæʃ ˈfɔrwərd frəm ðə ˈkloʊzɪŋ ˈmoʊmənts əv ðə ˈsizən fəˈnæli ˌɔlˈðoʊ wi gɪt ðɛr ðə weɪ ˈɛniˌwən ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ. ˈrəðər ðən ˈhævɪŋ ðə sin ɪn wɪʧ ðə laɪərz ˈɛnərd ˈklæsˌrum ɪn ə ˈpænɪk pleɪ aʊt ɪn ril taɪm ɛz pɑrt əv ðə ˈstɔri, ɪt wɑz ʃoʊn ɛz ə drim ðət ˈɛmɪli hæd əˈbaʊt ˈɑli. ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv prəˈdusər ˈmɑˌrlin kɪŋ ˈɔlˌweɪz nu ʃi plænd tɪ riˈvɪzɪt ɪt, bət ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪt haʊ ˈtrɪki ɪt wʊd bi tɪ wiv ðə sin ˈɪntu ðə ʃoʊ ɔrˈgænɪkli. bi ˈsupər ˈɑnəst wɪθ ju ðət wɑz wən əv ðoʊz θɪŋz wi hæv ə wɛl plæn for,”*,” kɪŋ tɛlz tvline*. dɪd noʊ ðət wi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ liv ðət fəˈnæli ˈgɪvɪŋ ðə fænz ə sɛns əv ˈərʤənsi ənd ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt əv ə ˈʤəmpˌstɑrt ˈɪntu ðə taɪm ʤəmp. ənd wi ˈrɪli ˈstrəgəld, bɪˈkəz wi noʊ wət ðət wɑz æt ðə taɪm. wi ˈrɪli ˈstrəgəld ɛz ə ˈraɪtərz rum tɪ fɪt ɪt ˈɪntu ðə ʤəmp wərld. ˈəltəmətli, ɪn ən ˈɑməʤ tɪ ðə ˈhɔrər ˈæˌspɛkt əv ˈprɪti ˈlɪtəl laɪərz, wi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðət wi kʊd ʤɪst hæv fən wɪθ ɪt ɛz ə drim sequence.”*.” kɪŋ ˈkrɛdɪts ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv prəˈdusər ˈʤoʊzəf ˈdɑgərti, hu roʊt ðə pɛˈnəltəmət ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd, wɪθ ðə aɪˈdiə əv prɪˈzɛntɪŋ ɪt ɛz ə drim. θɔt ɪt wɑz ə greɪt ˈɑməʤ tɪ haʊ məʧ ˈɛmɪli kɛrz əˈbaʊt alison,”*,” ʃi ɪkˈspleɪnz. ɪt frəm ən ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ˈstændˌpɔɪnt, ˌɪnˈstɛd əv frəm ə plɑt ər ˈmɪstəri ˈstændˌpɔɪnt, wɑz wət meɪd ɪt wərk ənd wət meɪd ɪt rɪˈwɔrdɪŋ fər fans.”*.” hæv mɔr skup ɛz ˈprɪti ˈlɪtəl laɪərz ˈsɪriz fəˈnæli (ˈfriˌfɔrm, 8/7c*) krips ˈɛvər ˈkloʊzər, bət fər naʊ, drɔp ə ˈkɑmɛnt wɪθ jʊr θɔts ɔn ðɪs ˌaɪˈkɑnɪk sin bɪˈloʊ.

tuesday’s pretty little liars took viewers back to a familiar scene: a recreation of the original flash forward from the closing moments of the season 6a finale — although we didn’t get there the way anyone expected to. rather than having the scene — in which the liars entered alison’s classroom in a panic — play out in real time as part of the story, it was shown as a dream that emily had about ali. executive producer marlene king always knew she planned to revisit it, but didn’t anticipate how tricky it would be to weave the scene into the show organically. “i’ll be super honest with you — that was one of those things we didn’t have a well thought-out plan for,” king tells tvline. “we did know that we wanted to leave that 6a finale giving the fans a sense of urgency and a little bit of a jumpstart into the time jump. and we really struggled, because we didn’t know what that was at the time. we really struggled as a writers room to fit it into the post-time jump world. ultimately, in an homage to the horror aspect of pretty little liars, we decided that we could just have fun with it as a dream sequence.” king credits executive producer joseph dougherty, who wrote the penultimate episode, with the idea of presenting it as a dream. “i thought it was a great homage to how much emily cares about alison,” she explains. “attacking it from an emotional standpoint, instead of from a plot or mystery standpoint, was what made it work and what made it rewarding for fans.” we’ll have more scoop as tuesday’s two-hour pretty little liars series finale (freeform, 8/7c) creeps ever closer, but for now, drop a comment with your thoughts on this iconic scene below.

ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə dɪˈprɛʃən, smɪθs ˌɪnˈvɪzəbəl hænd ˈfəŋkʃənd ɪn ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ weɪ: ðə ˈmɔrgɪʤ ˈbɪznɪs bɪˈgæn ɪn 1932 ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ə lɪkˈwɪdɪti ˈkraɪsəs. bæk ðɛn, ə 20 pərˈsɛnt daʊn ˈpeɪmənt wɑz kənˈsɪdərd ðə ˈmɪnəməm ə bæŋk wʊd əˈpruv. ənd fər ðɪs, ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt əv ðɛr lɪvz, ˈbɑroʊərz wʊd ˈtrævəl tɪ ðɛr ˈloʊkəl bæŋk ənd sɪt daʊn wɪθ ə loʊn ˈɔfɪsər hu ˈprɑbəˌbli nu ðɛm, huz kɪdz pleɪd ˈbeɪsˈbɔl wɪθ ðɛrz. ɪn ðoʊz deɪz, ðə bæŋks oʊnd ðə loʊnz. ɪf ðə loʊn wɛnt bæd, ðə bæŋks lɔst ðə ˈməni. ɪf ju nu ðə mæn ənd hi fɛl ɔn hɑrd taɪmz, ɪt wɑz ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ pʊt hɪz waɪf ənd kɪdz aʊt ɔn ðə strit ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ˈoʊnli tɪ si ɪm ɪn ðə nɛkst pju ðət ˈsənˌdi. feɪst wɪθ ðət pəˈtɛnʃəl ɪmˈbɛrəsmənt, ˈbæŋkərz wər ˈkɛrfəl tɪ meɪk ˈoʊnli ðoʊz loʊnz ˈbɑroʊərz kʊd əˈfɔrd. wɪn ˈkəstəmərz hæd ˈprɑbləmz, ðə bæŋk wɑz məʧ mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ wərk wɪθ ðɛm tɪ faɪnd ə səˈluʃən. ɪn ˈtudeɪz wərld, bæŋks ðə kɔsts əv bæd loʊnz baɪ kriˈeɪtɪŋ kəˈlætərəˌlaɪzd dɛt ˌɑbləˈgeɪʃənz ənd ˈpæsɪŋ ðə ˈlɔsɪz ɔf tɪ ɛnˈdaʊmənts ənd ˈpɛnʃən fəndz. səm ˈʃæˌdoʊ ˈɛntɪti teɪks ðə ˈlɔsɪz, ðə bæŋks meɪk ə ˈprɑfɪt ɔn ðə trænˈzækʃənz, ənd ˈbæŋkərz gɪt ðə ˈædɪd ˈbɛnəfɪt əv ˈnɛvər ˈhævɪŋ tɪ lʊk ðə ˈbæŋkrəpt ˈpərsən ɪn ðə aɪ. ʤɑn ˈmeɪnərd aɪˈdiəz wərkt ˈsplɛndədli wɪn ðə wərld wɑz lɛs kəˈnɛktɪd. ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ənd ˈfɪskəl ˈpɑləsiz ðət ˈstɪmjəˌleɪtɪd dɪˈmænd kriˈeɪtɪd ˈloʊkəl ˈfæktəri ʤɑbz. wɪn ðoʊz ˈwərkərz spɛnt ðɛr ˈpeɪˌʧɛks, ˈəðər ʤɑbz wər kriˈeɪtɪd ðə ˈməltəˌplaɪər ˈifɛkt. təˈdeɪ, ˈstɪmjələs kriˈeɪts mɔr ˈspɛndɪŋ bət ðə ʤɑbz ənd ðə ər ɪn ˈʧaɪnə. ðə ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəli ˈɛləgənt ˈfɔrmjələz ðət wɪn noʊˈbɛl ˈpraɪzɪz fər ˈmɑdərn ɪˈkɑnəmɪsts ər beɪst ɔn əˈsəmpʃənz ðət noʊ ˈlɔŋgər əˈplaɪ, ənd ɔn hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈdætə ðət ɪz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər ˈminɪŋfəl ɪn ɑr ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt. ənˈfɔrʧənətli, ðoʊz ˈfɔrmjələz ər ˈʃeɪpɪŋ məʧ əv ðə ədˈvaɪs biɪŋ dɪˈspɛnst. ðeɪ wər raɪt fər ə lɛs kəˈnɛktɪd wərld bət ər rɔŋ naʊ. kənˈsɪdər ˈrɑbərt ˈmərtən, hu wən ðə noʊˈbɛl praɪz ɪn ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪks fər hɪz wərk ɔn ðə ˈmɑdəl. ˈmɑdəl ɪˈneɪbəld ˈpipəl tɪ əˈsaɪn ðə əˈproʊpriˌeɪt ˈvælju tɪ ɪgˈzɑtɪk ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈɪnstrəmənts səʧ ɛz fˈjuʧərz ˈkɑnˌtrækts ənd pleɪn vəˈnɪlə stɑk ˈɔpʃənz. ˈmərtən bɪˈkeɪm ə ˈvɪktɪm əv hɪz oʊn ˌɪnˈvɛnʃən. hi wɑz wən əv ðə ˈfaʊndərz əv lɔŋ tərm ˈkæpɪtəl ˈmænɪʤmənt, wɪʧ beɪst ɪts dərˈɪvɪtɪv ˈtreɪdɪŋ ˈstrætəʤiz ɔn ðə ˈmɑdəl. ɪn 1998 "fæt teɪlz" ðət ðə ˈmɑdəl feɪld tɪ teɪk ˈɪntu əˈkaʊnt kɔzd ðə ˈbæŋkrəptsi əv ðə fərm ənd ˈnɪrli ˈtrɪgərd ən ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl kənˈteɪʤən. ðə sˈleɪvɪʃ dɪˈvoʊʃən tɪ ðə ˈmɑdəl pərˈsɪsts; ɪt reɪzd ɪts ˈəgli hɛd əˈgɛn ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə 2008 ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈkraɪsəs. ðə ˌɪmˈprɑpər ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən əv ðə ˈθɪri ɪz wən əv ðə θɪŋz ðət fjuəld ðə spɛkˈtækjələr groʊθ ɪn dərˈɪvətɪvz, frəm 60 ˈtrɪljən ɪn 2000 tɪ mɔr ðən 600 ˈtrɪljən ɪn 2008 ðɪs groʊθ tʊk pleɪs waɪl ðə ɪˈkɑnəmɪsts ənd ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtərz ˈjuzɪŋ brɪks ənd ˈmɔrtər ˈlɑʤɪk wər ˈɑrgjuɪŋ ðət dərˈɪvətɪvz dɪˈstrɪbjətəd rɪsk, wɪn ɪn fækt ˈmæsɪv əˈmaʊnts əv dərˈɪvətɪvz ˈkɔnsənˌtreɪtɪd rɪsk.

during the depression, smith's invisible hand functioned in the following way: the mortgage business began in 1932, in response to a liquidity crisis. back then, a 20 percent down payment was considered the minimum a bank would approve. and for this, the largest investment of their lives, borrowers would travel to their local bank and sit down with a loan officer who probably knew them, whose kids played baseball with theirs. in those days, the banks owned the loans. if the loan went bad, the banks lost the money. if you knew the man and he fell on hard times, it was difficult to put his wife and kids out on the street on friday, only to see him in the next pew that sunday. faced with that potential embarrassment, bankers were careful to make only those loans borrowers could afford. when customers had problems, the bank was much more likely to work with them to find a solution. in today's overconnected world, banks externalize the costs of bad loans by creating collateralized debt obligations and passing the losses off to endowments and pension funds. some shadow entity takes the losses, the banks make a profit on the transactions, and bankers get the added benefit of never having to look the bankrupt person in the eye. john maynard keynes's ideas worked splendidly when the world was less connected. economic and fiscal policies that stimulated demand created local factory jobs. when those workers spent their paychecks, other jobs were created -- the multiplier effect. today, stimulus creates more spending but the jobs and the trickle-down are in china. the mathematically elegant formulas that win nobel prizes for modern economists are based on assumptions that no longer apply, and on historical data that is no longer meaningful in our overconnected environment. unfortunately, those formulas are shaping much of the advice being dispensed. they were right for a less connected world but are wrong now. consider robert merton, who won the nobel prize in economics for his work on the black-scholes model. merton's model enabled people to assign the appropriate value to exotic financial instruments such as futures contracts and plain vanilla stock options. merton became a victim of his own invention. he was one of the founders of long term capital management, which based its derivative trading strategies on the black-scholes model. in 1998, "fat tails" that the model failed to take into account caused the bankruptcy of the firm and nearly triggered an international financial contagion. the slavish devotion to the model persists; it raised its ugly head again during the 2008 financial crisis. the improper application of the theory is one of the things that fueled the spectacular growth in over-the-counter derivatives, from $60 trillion in 2000 to more than $600 trillion in 2008. this growth took place while the economists and regulators using bricks and mortar logic were arguing that derivatives distributed risk, when in fact massive amounts of derivatives concentrated risk.

ˈkərtəsi əv fi ɪn ðə ˈlɛdən laɪt əv ðə ˈskɑtɪʃ ˈmɔrnɪŋ, fiˈoʊnə kən kɔl hər ðə ˈwɪslɪŋ ˈkɛtəl ɔf ðə stoʊv. ʃi pɔrd ðə ˈbɔɪlɪŋ ˈwɔtər ˈoʊvər hæf ə ˈbɪskət əv weetabix*, ə ˈsɪriəl ˈeɪkɪn tɪ ʃˈrɛdɪd wit. ʃi təkt ɪn. ðət wɑz ˈbrɛkfəst. eɪt ər soʊ aʊərz ˈleɪtər, ʃi wʊd it fər ðə ˈsɛkənd ənd ˈfaɪnəl taɪm. ðə mil wɑz ɪgˈzæktli ðə seɪm. ənd ðoʊz wər ðə ˈbɛtər deɪz. "ðɛr wər taɪmz," ˈriˌkɔlz naʊ, "wɪn aɪ ˈdɪdənt it ər drɪŋk ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɔl deɪ." fər ɔl hər ˈtiˌneɪʤ jɪrz ənd bɪɔnd, ðət wɑz laɪf fər. ˈfæməli ənd frɛndz wɔʧt ɛz ˌænərˈɛksiə wɔr hər əˈweɪ ˌbiˈfɔr ðɛr aɪz, ˈwɪðərɪŋ hər freɪm daʊn tɪ ˈskɛlətəl prəˈpɔrʃənz. ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈkərtəsi əv fi hər ˈbætəl wɪθ ðə dɪˈziz bɪˈgæn æt eɪʤ 11 ɪt ˈwəzənt ənˈtɪl ʃi wɑz 18 ðət ʃi bɪˈgæn tɪ pʊl aʊt əv ɪts grɪp ɪn ˈərnɪst. naʊ, æt eɪʤ 25 ʃi ɪz ðə ˈpɪkʧər əv hɛlθ. bət ʃi ˈɛstəˌmeɪts hər freɪm æt wən pɔɪnt weɪd ɛz ˈlɪtəl ɛz 30 ˈkiˌloʊz, ər 66 paʊnz. wən tul ɪn hər faɪt tɪ rɪˈkəvər? ˈfaɪtɪŋ ˌɪtˈsɛlf, ənd nɑt sɪmˈbɑlɪkəli. ɪz ən ˈæməˌʧər ˈfaɪtər, ˈhoʊpɪŋ tɪ tərn proʊ sun. "aɪ ʤɪst kaɪnd əv fɛl ˈɪntu ˈfaɪtɪŋ baɪ ˈæksədənt," ʃi sɪz. "aɪ tʊk ə klæs waɪl aɪ wɛnt tɪ ˌjunəˈvərsəti. aɪ fɛlt laɪk 'ðɪs wɑz fər mi.'" ðoʊ ækˈnɑlɪʤɪz hər ˈbætəl wɪθ ˌænərˈɛksiə wɪl ˈnɛvər bi ˈfʊli bɪˈhaɪnd hər, ˈtreɪnɪŋ tɪ faɪt həz bɪˈkəm ðə ˈhɛlθi ˈaʊˌtlɛt ʃi sɪz ʃi ˈnidɪd fər ə ˈnæʧərəl "super-competitive*," "all-or-nothing*" ˈætəˌtud. "aɪ pʊt ðə ˈɛmfəsɪs naʊ ɔn biɪŋ strɔŋ ənd fɪt ənd ˈhɛlθi, ˈrəðər ðən ˈlʊkɪŋ laɪk ə ˈskɛlətən," ʃi sɪz. "aɪ stɪl hæv ðiz θɔts, bət ɪn ə pleɪs wɛr aɪ kən ˈlɑʤɪkli ˈbætəl ðɛm." ðə rɪˈzəlts əv ˈtərnərˌaʊnd, ɛz ˈdɑkjəˌmɛnəd ɪn ən poʊst ðət wɛnt ˈvaɪrəl ˈərli ðɪs mənθ, hæv bɪn ˈstraɪkɪŋ: ʃi ˈpoʊstɪd ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ɛz pɑrt əv hər ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt wɪθ bit, ə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm ˈitɪŋ dɪˈsɔrdər ˈʧɛrɪti, ənd tɪ mɑrk ˈitɪŋ dɪˈsɔrdərz əˈwɛrnəs wik. ðə "ˌbiˈfɔr" ˈfoʊˌtoʊ, ˈteɪkən ˈsɛvən jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ʃoʊz ɪˈmeɪʃiˌeɪtɪd ənd spindly*, hər aɪz lɑrʤ, ˈsəŋkən ənd, jɛs, dɪˈfaɪənt. ˈɛvəri soʊ ˈɔfən ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs taɪm ˈpɪriəd, frɛndz ər ˈfæməli wʊd ˈpænɪk ənd brɪŋ hər tɪ ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl. ðɛr, ˈdɑktərz ənd ˈnərsɪz wʊd fɔrs ə ˈfidɪŋ tub əp hər noʊz ənd daʊn ˈɪntu hər ˈstəmək ɛz ə minz əv prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ˈimərʤənsi nuˈtrɪʃən. ðɪs ˈhæpənd ˈsɛvən taɪmz. ˈdɑktərz səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ˈfæməli priˈpɛr fər ðə wərst. "æt 18 mi ənd maɪ wi mɔ wər toʊld aɪ wɑz ə lɔst kɔz," ʃi roʊt əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ðət poʊst. "aɪd hæd ɪt soʊ lɔŋ ənd wɑz soʊ fɑr gɔn ðət aɪ wʊd ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈɔlˌweɪz bi ə ˈkrɑnɪk ˌænərˈɛksɪk. æt ðə taɪm aɪ wɑz ˈhæpi ɛz ˈɛniˌθɪŋ, aɪ hæd noʊ dɪˈzaɪər tɪ gɪt ˈbɛtər. bət aɪ noʊ gərlz ðət hæv bɪn toʊld ðə seɪm hu ər traɪɪŋ ðɛr bɛst. æt noʊ pɔɪnt dɪz rɪˈkəvəri bɪˈkəm unachievable*. ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl ənd ɪt ɪz ˈwəndərfəl." ˈæftər jɪrz əv rɪfˈjuzɪŋ tɪ ˈsɪriəsli pərˈsu ˈtritmənt ər ˈivɪn ækˈnɑlɪʤ ə ˈprɑbləm, ˈfaɪnəli hæd ə ˈriləˈzeɪʃən wɪn ʃi wɑz 18 ðət təʧt ɔf ə rɪˈkəvəri ˈprɔˌsɛs. "ˈsədənli aɪ sɛd, 'aɪ kænt du ðɪs tɪ ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ər maɪ ˈfæməli,'" ʃi sɪz. "ɪt wɑz ə ˈvɛri sloʊ ˈprɔˌsɛs wɪθ lɑts əv əps ənd daʊnz. aɪ ˈnɛvər ˈrɪli ˈwɔntɪd tɪ gɪt ˈbɛtər. ðɛrz ˈmɛntəl ənd ˈfɪzɪkəl ənd ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl stəf goʊɪŋ ɔn. ɪts nɑt ʤɪst 'it ənd gɪt ˈbɛtər.' ɪts soʊ hɑrd fər ˈpipəl hu ˈhævənt bɪn ðɛr tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd." ˈlɔrə mɔˈrɛti, ə ˈklɪnɪkəl nuˈtrɪʃən ˈspɛʃəlɪst ənd ˈitɪŋ dɪˈsɔrdərz ˈɛkspərt wɪθ ðə spɔrts ˈmɛdəsən dɪˈvɪʒən əv ˈbɔstən ˈʧɪldrənz ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, sɪz əv ðə ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ saɪˈkɑləʤi əv ˈitɪŋ dɪˈsɔrdərz: "jʊr ˈpʊtɪŋ ˈprɛʃər ɔn ˈjɔrsɛlf tɪ mit jʊr oʊn goʊlz. ɪts ðə draɪv ju hæv ðət meɪks ju ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ goʊ əˈbəv ənd bɪɔnd." mɔˈrɛti ˈɔlsoʊ noʊts, "ˈæθˌlits ər mɔr səˈsɛptəbəl [tɪ ˈitɪŋ dɪˈsɔrdərz], əˈspɛʃəli ə lɔt əv ɪˈlit ˈæθˌlits." meɪ nɑt hæv bɪn ən ɪˈlit ˈæθˌlit wɪn ʃi dɪˈvɛləpt hər ˈitɪŋ dɪˈsɔrdər, bət ʃi dɪd hæv ðət "all-or-nothing*," "super-competitive*" ˈætəˌtud soʊ ˈɔfən faʊnd ɪn ɪˈlit ˈæθˌlits. ðə ˈlɔŋˈtərm hɛlθ ˈifɛkts əv ən ˈitɪŋ dɪˈsɔrdər ər nɑt bɪˈhaɪnd. ə lɔs əv boʊn ˈdɛnsɪti kən ˈhaɪtən ðə rɪsk əv ˈfrækʧərz ənd ˌɔstiˌɑpərˈoʊsɪs, ənd ðə ˌriprəˈdəktɪv ˈsɪstəm kən bɪˈkəm ˈdæmɪʤd, əˈməŋ ˈəðər pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈdeɪnʤərz. ɛz ʃi siz ɪt, ðə ˈbɪgəst θrɛt ɪz ə riˈlæps əv ðə dɪˈziz ˌɪtˈsɛlf, wɪʧ, ɛz ɪz ðə keɪs wɪθ ˈmɛni ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ ˈɪʃuz, ˈnɛvər ˈtruli ˌdɪsəˈpɪrz. naʊ, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɛz ʃi treɪnz tɪ faɪt ˈɛvəri deɪ, sɪz ʃiz ɪn ə gʊd pleɪs. ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ɪn ðət poʊst ʃoʊz hər ɛz ðə ˈpɪkʧər əv hɛlθ, ɛz du ˈəðər ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ɪn ðə fid. ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ʃoʊ hər ˈhɪtɪŋ pædz ənd ˈwərkɪŋ aʊt æt ˈʤæksən wɪŋk əˈkædəmi ɪn ˈælbəkərki, nu ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ. ʃiz ˈkərəntli ˈtreɪnɪŋ əˈweɪ frəm hər ˈneɪtɪv ˈglæˌskoʊ, ˈskɑtlənd, ɪn ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃən fər hər θərd ˈæməˌʧər faɪt ɪn ðə dɪˈvɪʒən. ɛz ʃi treɪnz, ʃi ɪz ɪkˈspɪriənsɪŋ ə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˌaʊtˈpɔrɪŋ frəm nu fænz ənd ˈfɑloʊərz hu sɔ wən ər mɔr əv hər poʊsts. "aɪ hæd ə lɔt əv ˈpipəl sɛnd mi ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ənd doʊˈneɪʃənz," ʃi sɪz. "ɔl ə bɪt ˈkreɪzi, bət [ðə] hoʊl pɔɪnt wɑz əˈbaʊt əˈwɛrnəs, soʊ mɔr əˈwɛrnəs ðə ˈbɛtər." əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈitɪŋ dɪˈsɔrdərz əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən, 20 ˈmɪljən ˈwɪmən ənd 10 ˈmɪljən mɛn hæv ˈitɪŋ dɪˈsɔrdərz ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts əˈloʊn. fər mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn ˌænərˈɛksiə ənd ˈəðər ˈitɪŋ dɪˈsɔrdərz, ˈvɪzɪt ðə ˈrisɔrs ˈsɛnər. skɑt ˈhɛrɪs raɪts əˈbaʊt fər ˈbliʧər rɪˈpɔrt. hi ɪz əˈveɪləbəl ɔn tˈwɪtər. ɔl kwoʊts əbˈteɪnd ˈfərsthænd.

courtesy of fee chrystall in the leaden light of the scottish morning, fiona chrystall—you can call her fee—lifted the whistling kettle off the stove. she poured the boiling water over half a biscuit of weetabix, a cereal akin to shredded wheat. she tucked in. that was breakfast. eight or so hours later, she would eat for the second and final time. the meal was exactly the same. and those were the better days. "there were times," chrystall recalls now, "when i didn't eat or drink anything all day." for all her teenage years and beyond, that was life for chrystall. family and friends watched as anorexia wore her away before their eyes, withering her once-athletic frame down to skeletal proportions. photo courtesy of fee chrystall her battle with the disease began at age 11. it wasn't until she was 18 that she began to pull out of its grip in earnest. now, at age 25, she is the picture of health. but she estimates her 5'3" frame at one point weighed as little as 30 kilos, or 66 pounds. one tool in her fight to recover? fighting itself, and not symbolically. chrystall is an amateur mma fighter, hoping to turn pro soon. "i just kind of fell into fighting by accident," she says. "i took a class while i went to university. i felt like 'this was for me.'" though chrystall acknowledges her battle with anorexia will never be fully behind her, training to fight has become the healthy outlet she says she needed for a natural "super-competitive," "all-or-nothing" attitude. "i put the emphasis now on being strong and fit and healthy, rather than looking like a skeleton," she says. "i still have these thoughts, but in a place where i can logically battle them." the results of chrystall's turnaround, as documented in an instagram post that went viral early this month, have been striking: she posted the photos as part of her involvement with beat, a united kingdom eating disorder charity, and to mark eating disorders awareness week. the "before" photo, taken seven years ago, shows chrystall emaciated and spindly, her eyes large, sunken and, yes, defiant. every so often during this time period, chrystall's friends or family would panic and bring her to the hospital. there, doctors and nurses would force a feeding tube up her nose and down into her stomach as a means of providing emergency nutrition. this happened seven times. doctors suggested that chrystall's family prepare for the worst. "at 18 me and my wee maw were told i was a lost cause," she wrote alongside that post. "i'd had it so long and was so far gone that i would probably always be a chronic anorexic. at the time i was happy as anything, i had no desire to get better. but i know girls that have been told the same who are trying their best. at no point does recovery become unachievable. it is possible and it is wonderful." after years of refusing to seriously pursue treatment or even acknowledge a problem, chrystall finally had a realization when she was 18. that touched off a yearslong recovery process. "suddenly i said, 'i can't do this to myself or my family,'" she says. "it was a very slow process with lots of ups and downs. ... i never really wanted to get better. there's mental and physical and emotional stuff going on. it's not just 'eat and get better.' it's so hard for people who haven't been there to understand." laura moretti, a clinical nutrition specialist and eating disorders expert with the sports medicine division of boston children's hospital, says of the underlying psychology of eating disorders: "you're putting pressure on yourself to meet your own goals. it's the drive you have that makes you willing to go above and beyond." moretti also notes, "athletes are more susceptible [to eating disorders], especially a lot of elite athletes." chrystall may not have been an elite athlete when she developed her eating disorder, but she did have that "all-or-nothing," "super-competitive" attitude so often found in elite athletes. the long-term health effects of an eating disorder are not behind chrystall. a loss of bone density can heighten the risk of fractures and osteoporosis, and the reproductive system can become damaged, among other potential dangers. as she sees it, the biggest threat is a relapse of the disease itself, which, as is the case with many mental health issues, never truly disappears. now, however, as she trains to fight every day, chrystall says she's in a good place. the second photo in that instagram post shows her as the picture of health, as do other photos in the feed. many of the photos show her hitting pads and working out at jackson wink mma academy in albuquerque, new mexico. she's currently training away from her native glasgow, scotland, in preparation for her third amateur fight in the 105-pound atomweight division. as she trains, she is experiencing a social media outpouring from new fans and followers who saw one or more of her posts. "i had a lot of people send me photos and donations," she says. "all a bit crazy, but [the] whole point was about awareness, so more awareness the better." according to the national eating disorders association, 20 million women and 10 million men have eating disorders in the united states alone. for more information on anorexia and other eating disorders, visit the neda's resource center. scott harris writes about mma for bleacher report. he is available on twitter. all quotes obtained firsthand.

ˈstraɪvɪŋ fər ˈɛksələns ˈvərsəz. pərˈfɛkʃən aɪ ˈrisəntli rɪˈsivd ə kaɪnd noʊt frəm ə hu gɑt ə ʤɑb ˈɔfər frəm wən əv ðə tɔp fərmz. ʃi wɑz ɪkˈsaɪtɪd ənd θæŋkt mi fər ˈhɛlpɪŋ hər tɪ əˈʧiv "pərˈfɛkʃən" ɪn hər keɪs ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃən. aɪ wɑz θrɪld fər hər ənd əˈpriʃiˌeɪt ðə ˈgrætəˌtud ɪn ðə ˈspɪrɪt ɪt wɑz ˈgɪvɪn. ɪn ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən, aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðət hər juz əv ðə wərd "pərˈfɛkʃən" ˈdɪdənt sɪt wɛl wɪθ mi fər səm ˈrizən. ˈæftər ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪt fər ə fju deɪz, aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪzd waɪ. aɪ prɪˈfər ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt əv ˈstraɪvɪŋ fər "ˈɛksələns" ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈeɪmɪŋ tɪ əˈʧiv "pərˈfɛkʃən." ˈɛksələns ɪz əˈbaʊt ˈsɛtɪŋ ə haɪ ˈstændərd fər ˈjɔrsɛlf ənd ˈfoʊkɪsɪŋ ɔn ˈgɪtɪŋ ɛz gʊd ɛz ju kən ˈpɑsəbli bi. ɪt ɪz ˈəltəmətli ˈɪnwərd ˈfoʊkɪst. ɪts əˈbaʊt biɪŋ ɛz ˈɛksələnt ɛz ju kən bi. ɪts jʊr ˈkɑrənt əˈbɪləˌti ˈvərsəz. jʊr ˈmæksəməm pəˈtɛnʃəl. ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt əv pərˈfɛkʃən (æt list ðə weɪ aɪ θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ɪt) filz məʧ mɔr laɪk ən ɪkˈstərnəl ˈstændərd. wi ər ˈeɪmɪŋ tɪ bi "ˈpərˌfɪkt" beɪst ɔn ˈsəmˌwən ˈɛlsɪz ˈstændərd. ɪt ɪz ju ˈvərsəz. ən ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ əˈʧiv ˈstændərd. ðɪs meɪ sim laɪk sɪˈmæntɪks ˈɑrgjuɪŋ ˈoʊvər ˈsətəl ˈdɪfərənsɪz ɪn wərdz. bət laɪk aɪv sɛd ɔn ˈpriviəs ɔˈkeɪʒənz, jʊr wərdz rɪˈvil jʊr ˈθɪŋkɪŋ, ənd jʊr ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ˈdɪkˌteɪts jʊr ˈækʃənz. (jʊr ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈtərmənz haʊ ju fil ˈiˌmoʊʃnəli əˈbaʊt jʊr ˈækʃənz.) lɛt mi gɪv ju ən ɪgˈzæmpəl. əˈsum ðət jʊr ən ˈæθˌlit æt ðə oʊˈlɪmpɪks. ɪf ju straɪv fər "ˈɛksələns," breɪk jʊr oʊn ˈpərsɪnəl ˈrɛkərd baɪ ə juʤ əˈmaʊnt ənd wɪn ə ˈsɪlvər ˈmɛdəl, jʊr θrɪld əˈbaʊt jʊr əˈkɑmplɪʃmənt. ɔlˈtərnətɪvli, lɛts seɪ jʊr ə "pərˈfɛkʃən" ˈɔriˌɛntɪd ˈpərsən. æt ðə oʊˈlɪmpɪks ju ˈɔlsoʊ breɪk jʊr ˈpərsɪnəl ˈrɛkərd ənd wɪn ðə ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən ɛndz, ju dɪˈskəvər ju "lɔst goʊld" (a.k.a*., wən ˈsɪlvər). ˈəndər ðiz ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz, ju wɪl fil ˈtɛrəbəl əˈbaʊt ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ bi ˈpərˌfɪkt. ki ˈɪnˌsaɪt (wərθ ˈraɪtɪŋ daʊn): ðə ˈprɑbləm wɪθ ˈstraɪvɪŋ fər pərˈfɛkʃən ɪz noʊ ˈmætər haʊ məʧ ju əˈkɑmplɪʃ, ju wɪl (aɪ haɪˈpɑθəˌsaɪz) ˈnɛvər bi ˈhæpi. aɪ sɔ ə lɔt əv ðɪs əˈdɪkʃən tɪ pərˈfɛkʃən æt məˈkɪnzi. aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ sɔ ɪt ə lɔt wɪn aɪ spɛnt ə ˈdɛkeɪd ɪn ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli. ɪn ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ju si ðɪs pərˈfɛkʃəˌnɪzəm pleɪ aʊt ɛz ˈfɑloʊz: ɪf ju sɛl ə ˈkəmpəˌni fər ə 100 ˈmɪljən, haʊ du ju noʊ ju ˈdɪdənt ʤɪst gɪt ˈləki? ɪf ju sɛl tu ˈkəmpəˌniz fər 100 ˈmɪljən iʧ, ju stɪl ˈdɪdənt sɛl ˈiðər fər 1 ˈbɪljən. ɪf ju ər "ˈoʊnli" ə 1 ˌbɪljəˈnɛr, jʊr nɑt ɛz "ˈpərˌfɪkt" ɛz biɪŋ ə multi-billionaire*. ɪf ju hæv ə ˈhɑrvərd ˈəndərˌgræd dɪˈgri, ju stɪl doʊnt hæv ə ˈhɑrvərd lɔ dɪˈgri. ˈstraɪvɪŋ fər pərˈfɛkʃən ɪz ən ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli sˈlɪpəri sloʊp, bɪˈkəz noʊ əˈkɑmplɪʃmənt ɪz ˈɛvər ɪˈnəf. ɛz ə gaɪ wɪθ θri ˈdɔtərz, aɪv ˈstɑrtɪd peɪɪŋ əˈtɛnʃən tɪ pərˈfɛkʃəˌnɪzəm ɪn ˈwɪmən. ðə ɪnˈtaɪər əˈmɛrɪkən ˈkəlʧər əv biɪŋ ə ˈwʊmən (frəm maɪ pərˈspɛktɪv) ɪz ˈhɛvəli perfection-based*. ju si ɪt ɪn ˈwɪmənz ˈmægəˌzinz. baɪ ðɪs ˈprɑdəkt tɪ lʊk mɔr ˈbjutəfəl lɛs ˈblɛmɪʃt əˈtrækt ə gaɪ. ɪn ʃɔrt, ˈɛvəri ˈprɑdəkt əˈsumz jʊr flɔd, ənd ˈɛvəri ˈprɑdəkt ˈprɑməsəz tɪ gɪt ju ˈkloʊzər tɪ pərˈfɛkʃən. aɪ juzd tɪ bi ən ɔˈkeɪʒənəl ˈridər əv ˈkɔzmoʊ gərl ˈmægəˌzin ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈmægəˌzin wɛnt aʊt əv ˈbɪznɪs. wɪn aɪ toʊld ðɪs tɪ mɑmz ɪn maɪ kəmˈjunɪti, ðeɪ wər ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈpəzəld ənd hæd ə lʊk əv kənˈsərn ɔn ðɛr face…*…. ˈbeɪsɪkli ɛz ɪf aɪ wɑz səm kaɪnd əv frik. bət, wəns aɪ ɪkˈspleɪnd waɪ aɪ rɛd ɪt, ðeɪ ʤɪst læft. soʊ waɪ dɪd aɪ juzd tɪ rɛd ˈkɔzmoʊ gərl ˈmægəˌzin? ˈænsər: tɪ noʊ ðaɪ ˈɛnəmi ˌwəˈtɛvər ˈbreɪnˌwɑʃɪŋ soʊˈsaɪɪti wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ ˌɪnˈflɪkt ɔn maɪ gərlz, aɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ noʊ ɪt wɛl soʊ aɪ kʊd əˈtɛmpt tɪ ˌɪˈnɑkjəˌleɪt maɪ gərlz frəm ɪt. soʊ wət ˈprɑbləm dɪd aɪ hæv wɪθ ˈkɔzmoʊ gərl ˈmægəˌzin (ənd baɪ ɪkˈstɛnʃən, ˈkɔzmoʊ ˈmægəˌzin fər ˈædəlt ˈwɪmən)? ɪts ðə ˈprɛmɪs. ðə ˈprɛmɪs ju ər (ˈvɛri) flɔd ənd ðæts ə ˈprɑbləm. aɪ faʊnd ðə ɪnˈtaɪər θɪŋ dɪsˈgəstɪŋ. ˈlɪtərəli ˈɛvəri peɪʤ ˈɛvəri æd, ˈɛvəri ˈɑrtɪkəl wɑz leɪst wɪθ ðɪs ˌprisəpəˈzɪʃən. ɪts wən θɪŋ tɪ pʊt ðɪs ɪn frənt əv ˈædəlt ˈwɪmən hu kən meɪk ðɛr oʊn ˈʧɔɪsɪz, ɪts əˈnəðər θɪŋ ɪnˈtaɪərli tɪ pʊt ɪt ɪn frənt əv ən ˌɪmˈprɛʃənəbəl gərl. gɑt ˈpɪmpəlz? wi kən fɪks ðət. doʊnt noʊ haʊ tɪ du jʊr hɛr ðə raɪt weɪ? wi kən fɪks ðət tu. haʊ tɪ gɪt bɔɪz tɪ peɪ əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ju? wi kən fɪks ðət tu. ənˈlɛs ju noʊ wət ðə ˈpəblɪʃər ər ˈædvərˌtaɪzər ɪz duɪŋ, ənd waɪ ðeɪ ər duɪŋ ɪt, ju wɪl (ˈæftər seɪ 10 jɪrz əv ˈrɛdɪŋ ðɪs stəf ɪn wənz ˈfɔrmətɪv jɪrz) əˈsum jʊr ˈhoʊpləsli flɔd. wət aɪ traɪ tɪ tiʧ maɪ kɪdz: jɛs, ju ər flɔd (bɪˈkəz ˈɛvriˌbɑdi ɪz flawed…*… ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi ɪz ˈpərˌfɪkt) ənd jʊr ˈpərfəktli faɪn ðə weɪ ju ər. jɛs, straɪv fər ˈɛksələns tɪ si haʊ gʊd ju kən bɪˈkəm æt ˌwəˈtɛvər jʊr ˈstraɪvɪŋ fər, bət ˈnɛvər fil bæd fər nɑt biɪŋ ˈpərˌfɪkt. wəts aɪˈrɑnɪk ɪz ðə mɔr səkˈsɛsfəl ˈsəmˌwən ɪz, ðə mɔr ɪt simz ðɛr ˈlaɪkli tɪ ˈsəfər frəm əˈdɪkʃən tɪ pərˈfɛkʃən. wɪn aɪ wɑz æt ˈstænfərd, ə ˈsərˌveɪ əv ˈstænfərd ˈwɪmən ʃoʊd ðət ˈrəfli 85 əv ˈstænfərd ˈwɪmən wər ənˈhæpi wɪθ ðɛr ˈbɑdiz. hir wər səm əv ðə moʊst əˈkɑmplɪʃt ˈwɪmən ɪn ðə wərld fˈjuʧər səˈprim kɔrt ˈʤəstɪsɪz, noʊˈbɛl praɪz ˈwɪnərz, kənˈtrɪbjətərz tɪ soʊˈsaɪɪti, ənd ðə əˈmaʊnt əv ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪn kənˈsərn (ənd ˈɛnərʤi) əˈbaʊt nɑt ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈpərˌfɪkt ˈbɑdi ˈrɪli səˈpraɪzd mi. æt məˈkɪnzi, ðə ˈoʊpən ˈsikrɪt ɪz ə lɔt əv məˈkɪnzi ˈpipəl ər ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli ˈtæləntɪd ənd ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli ˈɪnsəkjər (ɪn ðɛr læk əv pərˈfɛkʃən). ˈmɛni ˈivɪn ˈɑrgju ðət məˈkɪnzi ˈtɑrgəts ðə over-achieving*, ˈhaɪli ˈɪnsəkjər bɪˈkəz ðeɪ "nid" ðə ˌvæləˈdeɪʃən məˈkɪnzi prəˈvaɪdz. ðɪs ˈɑbviəsli ˈɪzənt kəmˈplitli tru, bət ˈniðər ɪz ɪt kəmˈplitli fɔls ˈiðər. ˈɑrgjuəbli ðə ˈpipəl wɪθ ðə ˈgreɪtəst əˈkɑmplɪʃmənts ər ðə moʊst ˈɪnsəkjər ɪn pɑrt bɪˈkəz ðeɪ ər kloʊz ɪˈnəf tɪ pərˈfɛkʃən tɪ si ɪt, bət ˈnɛvər kloʊz ɪˈnəf tɪ riʧ ɪt. aɪ æm nɑt ˌɪmˈjun. wɪn aɪ lɛft məˈkɪnzi tɪ du maɪ fərst (əv ˈmɛni) ˈstɑrˌtəps, maɪ fərst wən feɪld (ðə ˈsɛkənd wən tu). aɪ kɛpt maɪ kərɪr səkˈsɛs ˈvərsəz. maɪ ˈfɔrmər pɪrz. ʤiz soʊ ənd soʊ soʊld hɪz ˈkəmpəˌni fər 300 ˈmɪljən. aɪ dɪd nɑt (ənd stɪl ˈhævənt). ðɛn maɪ waɪfs ˈfɔrmər ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈruˌmeɪt soʊld hər ˈkəmpəˌni fər 950 ˈmɪljən. ʤiz, əm ˈnoʊˌwɛr kloʊz. ɪn maɪ ˈərli deɪz ɛz ən ˌɑntrəprəˈnʊr, aɪ ˈstrəgəld kwaɪt ə lɔt. aɪ bɪlt ənd meɪnˈteɪnd ə ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈmɑdəl kəmˈpɛrɪŋ maɪ ˈkɑrənt ˈərnɪŋz ˈvərsəz. wət aɪd bi ˈərnɪŋ ɪf aɪ wər stɪl æt məˈkɪnzi ˈvərsəz. wət aɪ wʊd bi ˈərnɪŋ ɪf aɪ wər ˈwərkɪŋ æt məkˈdɑnəldz. (ˈsædli, məkˈdɑnəldz wən ɪn mɔr mənθs ðən aɪ kɛr tɪ ədˈmɪt.) jɛs, ðɪs ɪz wət ˈpipəl du wɪθ ðɛr spɛr taɪm ənd insecurities…*… wi kˈwɑntɪˌfaɪ haʊ məʧ əv ə ˈluzər wi fil laɪk. səm ˈhæbəts, ˈivɪn wɪn ˈwɑloʊɪŋ ɪn sɛlf ˈpɪti, ər hɑrd tɪ breɪk! ˈnidləs tɪ seɪ, ðoʊz ˌɛstəˈmeɪʃən skɪlz keɪm ɪn ˈhændi... ɪz ˈstraɪvɪŋ fər pərˈfɛkʃən ˈrɪli ðət bæd? jɛs, ɪt ɪz. lɛt mi ɪkˈspleɪn waɪ. pərˈfɛkʃəˌnɪzəm ɪz ən əˈdɪkʃən. ə pərˈfɛkʃənɪst nidz ðə "haɪ" əv əˈʧivmənt ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ fil gʊd əˈbaʊt hɪmˈsɛlf. ˌɔlˈðoʊ əˈdɪkʃən tɪ əˈʧivmənt ˈdəzənt sim laɪk ðət bɪg əv ə dil, ðə ˈprɑbləm kəmz wɪn ðə pərˈfɛkʃənɪst ɪz ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ pʊt əˈʧivmənt ˈoʊvər ənd əˈbəv ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɛls ɪn laɪf ˈmɛrɪʤ, ˈʧɪldrən, hɛlθ (ənd fər səm, ˈivɪn ðə lɔ). ðə θɔt ˈprɔˌsɛs əv ðə pərˈfɛkʃənɪst ɪz tɪ ˈsækrəˌfaɪs (pəˈtɛnʃəli ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ) tɪ əˈʧiv wəts "ˈmɪsɪŋ," ənd wəns ðət həz bɪn əˈʧivd, tɪ əˈpriʃiˌeɪt laɪf æt ðət pɔɪnt ɪn taɪm. ðɪs ɪz ə fulz ˈʤərni. ðə əˈkɑmplɪʃmənt ˈæˌdɪkt wɪl ˈnɛvər stɑp ənd wɪl ˈnɛvər bi ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd fər mɔr ðən ə fju brif ˈmoʊmənts. ɪf ju θɪŋk ˈmænɪʤmənt kənˈsəltənts, hu ər ˈhaɪpər ˌænəˈlɪtɪkəl, ər ˌɪmˈjun frəm ðɪs, ju ər rɔŋ. ʤɪst æsk ˈgʊptə ðə ˈfɔrmər hɛd əv məˈkɪnzi worldwide…*… hu ɪz naʊ ɪn ˈprɪzən fər ˌɪnˈsaɪdər ˈtreɪdɪŋ. waɪ wʊd ˈsəmˌwən hu ɪz ɔn ðə bɔrd əv ˈgoʊldmən sɑks ənd p&g*, hu ɪz ə ˈpərsɪnəl ædˈvaɪzər tɪ bɪl geɪts ənd bɪl ˈklɪntən ɪnˈgeɪʤ ɪn ˌɪnˈsaɪdər ˈtreɪdɪŋ? ðə ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃən ɪz ˈgʊptə, hu həz ən ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd nɛt wərθ əv 125m*, wɑz ˈfrəˌstreɪtəd ðət hi ˈwəzənt ə ˌbɪljəˈnɛr. ˈmɛni əv hɪz (wɔl strit) frɛndz wər ˌbɪljəˈnɛrz ənd hi θɔt hi wɑz ʤɪst ɛz smɑrt (ɪf nɑt mɔr soʊ) ðən them…*… ənd ˈwəndərd haʊ kəm əm nɑt ə ˌbɪljəˈnɛr jɛt? laɪk aɪ sɛd earlier…*… ˈɛni əˈdɪkʃən, ˈivɪn tɪ pərˈfɛkʃən, wɪn ˈteɪkən tɪ ən ɪkˈstrim kən bi ˈdeɪnʤərəs. maɪ ki ˈmɛsɪʤ ɪn ˈʃɛrɪŋ ɔl ðɪs ɪz tɪ meɪk ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ tu pɔɪnts: 1 səkˈsɛs ɪz ˈgɪtɪŋ wət ju straɪv fər. 2 ˈhæpinəs ɪz əˈpriʃiˌeɪtɪŋ wət ju gɑt. ˈnɛvər kənfˈjuz ðə tu. ðeɪ ər ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt. du ju wɔnt tɪ bi səkˈsɛsfəl? tɪ bi ˈhæpi? ər tɪ bi boʊθ? ðiz ər ɪnˈtaɪərli dɪˈstɪŋkt (bət nɑt mˈjuʧuəli ɪkˈsklusɪv) pæθs. stəˈtɪstɪkəli ˈspikɪŋ, ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts wəns ə ˈpərsənz ˈɪnˌkəm ˈriʧɪz ðə ˈmidiən ˈɪnˌkəm (əraʊnd fər əˈmɛrɪkənz), ðɛr ˈlɛvəl əv ˈhæpinəs dɪz nɑt ˌɪnˈkris ɛz ˈɪnˌkəm ˌɪnˈkrisɪz. trænzˈleɪtəd, wəns ju noʊ ju wɪl nɑt stɑrv tɪ dɛθ ənd daɪ, mɔr ˈməni dɪz nɑt ˈikwəl mɔr ˈhæpinəs. wəns əˈgɛn, ðə tu ər ˈsɛpərˌeɪt. səkˈsɛs ɪz əˈʧivd ɪkˈstərnəli. ˈhæpinəs ɪz əˈʧivd ˌɪnˈtərnəli (θru ˌɪntrəˈspɛkʃən). aɪ ˈmɛnʃən ðɪs bɪˈkəz aɪ wɪʃ ˈsəmˌwən hæd ɪkˈspleɪnd ðɪs tɪ mi ˈvɛri ˈərli ɪn laɪf. waɪl aɪ ˌəndərˈstʊd ðɪs aɪˈdiə ˌɪnəˈlɛkʧuəli, aɪ ˈnɛvər ɪkˈspɪriənst ɪt ˈpərsənəli ənˈtɪl ˈvɛri ˈrisəntli. ju si ˈoʊvər ðə pæst jɪr ər soʊ, aɪv bɪn ˈwərkɪŋ θru maɪ ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ˈbægɪʤ ənd ˈɪʃuz wɪθ ə ˈθɛrəpɪst. jɛs, aɪ æm ˈtɛrəbli flɔd. ənˈtɪl ˈrisəntli, aɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz sɔ ðɪs ɛz ə problem…*… ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈnɛvər tɪ bi ədˈmɪtəd tɪ ənd ɪn maɪ hɑrt əv hɑrts tɪ bi əˈʃeɪmd əv. ənd ˈæftər ə jɪr əv ˈwərkɪŋ θru ðə ˌθɛrəˈpjutɪk ˈprɔˌsɛs, əm fər ðə fərst taɪm ɪn maɪ laɪf ˈæˌkʧuəli ˌoʊˈkeɪ wɪθ maɪ flɔz ənd "ˈfeɪljərz." ðɛr wɑz ə taɪm ɪn maɪ laɪf (moʊst əv ɪt ˈæˌkʧuəli) wɛr ðə θɔt əv maɪ ˈivɪn "ədˈmɪtɪŋ" ðət aɪ hæd ˈprɑbləmz ənd wɑz siɪŋ ə ˈθɛrəpɪst wɑz ˈhɔrəˌfaɪɪŋ. aɪ wʊd hæv ˈfilɪŋz əv ʃeɪm ənd fɪr ðət aɪ wʊd luz ðə rɪˈspɛkt əv ˈəðərz. (ənd jɛs, aɪ ˈrɪli hoʊp maɪ ˈpɛrənts ˈnɛvər rɛd ðɪs article…*… ˈɑbviəsli, əm nɑt 100 "kjʊrd" jɛt!) aɪv ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ʃɛr ðɪs pɑrt əv maɪ laɪf fər tu ˈrizənz. 1 ɪt ɪz wət ɪt ɪz. aɪ æm wət aɪ am…*… ənd aɪ æm ˈfaɪnəli əkˈsɛptɪŋ ðɪs tɪ bi tru ənd ˈivɪn əˈpriʃiˌeɪtɪŋ ɪt. 2 aɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ʃɛr maɪ ɪkˈspɪriəns wɪθ ju ənd maɪ ˈəðər ˈridərz ɪn ðə ɪˈvɛnt ˈɛniˌθɪŋ aɪv sɛd ˈrɛzəˌneɪts wɪθ ju. aɪ wɪʃ aɪd hæd ən ˈiˌmoʊʃnəli ˈhɛlθi roʊl ˈmɑdəl tɪ lərn frəm ˈərli ɪn laɪf. aɪ ˈnɛvər dɪd. ˌɔlˈðoʊ əm nɑt ʃʊr əm 100 ˈiˌmoʊʃnəli ˈhɛlθi, aɪ æm ˈsərtən əm ˈiˌmoʊʃnəli ˈhɛlθiər ðən ˌbiˈfɔr. θru ðɪs ˌɪntrəˈspɛktɪv ˈprɔˌsɛs, aɪv kəm tɪ ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪz ə θim ɪn maɪ prəˈfɛʃənəl wərk. aɪ laɪk ˈhɛlpɪŋ ðə "ˈəndərˌdɔg," ənd aɪ laɪk "ˈlɛvəlɪŋ ðə pleɪɪŋ fild" fər ðə ˈɔdiənsəz aɪ sərv smɔl ˈbɪznɪs ˈoʊnərz ənd mɔr ˈrisəntli, əˈspaɪrɪŋ ənd nu ˈmænɪʤmənt kənˈsəltənts. fər ˈmɛni jɪrz, aɪ wɑz rɪˈləktənt tɪ ədˈmɪt tɪ ˈiðər fər fɪr əv ɪmˈbɛrəsmənt. fɔr jɪrz əˈgoʊ, aɪ wɑz ˈgɪvɪŋ ə ˈkiˌnoʊt spiʧ æt ə ˈkɑnfərəns ˈhoʊstɪd baɪ ˈfɔrʧən ˈmægəˌzin. ðə ʧif ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ˈɔfɪsər fər dɛl ˈwəzənt ˈeɪbəl tɪ gɪv ðə ˈkiˌnoʊt, ənd ðeɪ æst mi tɪ stɛp ɪn ɛz ðə ˈkiˌnoʊt ˈspikər. ðə ˈkɑnfərəns wɑz gɪrd təˈwɔrdz ˈkəmpəˌniz ˈkəmpəˌniz ðət ər ə lɔt mɔr ˈlukrətɪv tɪ sərv ɛz kənˈsəltɪŋ klaɪənts (ðən smɔl ˈbɪznɪsɪz) bɪˈkəz ðeɪ kən əˈfɔrd haɪər fiz. aɪ wɑz ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ ðə wərk aɪ du ənd mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtəntli ðə saɪz (ər læk ˌðɛˈrəv) əv ðə klaɪənts aɪ sərv tɪ əˈnəðər ˈspikər. hɪz rɪˈspɑns həz stək wɪθ mi ɔl ðiz jɪrz. "ˈvɪktər, aɪ gɪt ɪt. ju hæv ðɪs ˈstɛlər ˈfɔrʧən 500 ˈbækˌgraʊnd ənd ju ər ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ hɛlp ðə ˈlɪtəl gaɪ ənd ju ˈɑrənt ˈivɪn ðə sˈlaɪtəst bɪt ɪmˈbɛrəst baɪ ɪt. ðæts soʊ ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ," (ɪn ˈrɛfərəns tɪ ðə læk əv maɪ embarrassment…*… wɪʧ əv kɔrs ˌɪmˈplaɪd aɪ ʃʊd bi ɪmˈbɛrəst baɪ ɪt). aɪ wɑz tu səˈpraɪzd baɪ ðə rɪˈmɑrk tɪ bi əˈfɛndɪd bət ðæts wət aɪ was…*… əˈfɛndɪd. əˈlɔŋ ˈsɪmələr laɪnz, əˈbaʊt tu jɪrz əˈgoʊ, aɪ wɑz ˈrɛdɪŋ ə ˈmɛsɪʤ bɔrd poʊst əˈbaʊt mi ˈrɪtən baɪ ən əˈnɑnəməs user…*… ju noʊ haʊ ənd min əˈnɑnəməs ˈpoʊstərz kən gɪt. aɪl ˈnɛvər fərˈgɛt wən ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm əv mi. "ɪf ðət ˈvɪktər ʧɛŋ gaɪ ɪz soʊ gʊd, waɪ ɪn ðə hɛl wʊd hi bi ˈhɛlpɪŋ ɔl əv ˈjuˈɛs gɪt ʤɑbz. ɪf hi wər ˈrɪli ðət gʊd, hid bi ˈsiˌiˈoʊ ˈsəmˌwɛr baɪ naʊ. hiz ə ˈluzər." (aɪ ˈɛdɪtɪd aʊt ðə wərdz ðət wər juzd tɪ dɪˈskraɪb mi.) aʊʧ! aɪ səˈpoʊz æt səm ˈlɛvəl, ɪts tru. ɪf aɪ ˈrɪli wər "gʊd ɪˈnəf" tɪ bi ə ˈfɔrʧən 500 ˈsiˌiˈoʊ, aɪ ˈprɑbəˌbli wʊd nɑt bi ˈraɪtɪŋ ðɪs raɪt naʊ. bət, ju noʊ, əm ˌoʊˈkeɪ wɪθ ɪt. ju si, ðə ril ˈrizən aɪ wərk wɪθ "ˈəndərˌdɔgz" ɪz bɪˈkəz aɪ gɪt greɪt ˈpərsɪnəl ˌsætɪsˈfækʃən frəm duɪŋ soʊ. əv ɔl ðə iˈmeɪlz aɪ gɪt, maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt wən wɑz frəm ə jəŋ ˈəndərˌgræd frəm braʊn ˌjunəˈvərsəti (aɪ θɪŋk ɪt wɑz braʊn). ʃi hæd ʤɪst ˈgɔtən ˈdəbəl ˈɔfərz frəm məˈkɪnzi ənd bcg*. ʃi wɑz reɪzd baɪ ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈməðər hu ərnz (ˈvɛri kloʊz tɪ ðə juz. ˈpɑvərti laɪn) ə ˈməðər hu ˈsækrəˌfaɪst ɪˈnɔrməsli tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ gɪt hər tɪ braʊn. ðə hərˈsɛlf hæd wərkt hɑrd ənd ˈsækrəˌfaɪst fər jɪrz tɪ hɛlp kriˈeɪt ə ˈbɛtər laɪf fər hərˈsɛlf ənd fər hər ˈməðər. ɛz ʃi ɪkˈspleɪnd, ɪt wɑz ə juʤ dil fər hər (ənd hər ˈfæməli) wɪn ʃi gɑt tu kənˈsəltɪŋ ʤɑb ˈɔfərz ɛz ə sun tɪ bi ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈgræʤəˌweɪt. hər fərst jɪr ˌkɑmpənˈseɪʃən? ˈnɪrli 4 taɪmz wət hər ˈməðər ərnz ɪn ə jɪr. aɪ wɑz θrɪld fər hər. aɪ rɪˈmɛmbər hər ˈkloʊzɪŋ laɪnz wər ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk, "fər jɪrz aɪ ˈwəndərd ɪf ɔl ðə wərk ənd ˈhɑrdʃɪp wʊd ˈɛvər peɪ ɔf, θæŋks tɪ jʊr hɛlp, ɪt dɪd peɪ ɔf. θæŋk ju soʊ məʧ." ɪt wɑz wən əv ðə moʊst ˈminɪŋfəl iˈmeɪlz aɪ rɪˈsivd ɪn maɪ laɪf. əp ənˈtɪl ðət taɪm, aɪ θɔt aɪ wɑz ʤɪst ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈpipəl aʊt wɪθ ə təf ʤɑb ˈɪntərvˌju. ˈæftər aɪ rɪˈsivd ðət iˈmeɪl, aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðət aɪ hæd ʤɪst hɛlpt tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ˈsəmˌwənz laɪf fər ðə ˈbɛtər. aɪ ˈnɛvər θɔt əv ɪt ðət weɪ ˌbiˈfɔr. aɪv ˈɔlsoʊ ˈnɛvər stɑpt ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪt ðət weɪ sɪns ðət iˈmeɪl. ðət ɪz waɪ aɪ du wət aɪ du. ɪn fækt, nɑt ˈoʊnli æm aɪ nɑt ɪmˈbɛrəst baɪ wət aɪ du ənd hum aɪ du ɪt fər, əm praʊd əv ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈəðərz. ɪt ɪz ðə moʊst ˌsaɪkəˈlɑʤɪkli rɪˈwɔrdɪŋ wərk aɪv ˈɛvər dən ɪn maɪ laɪf. ənd selfishly*, ɪt meɪks mi ˈhæpi. soʊ ˈmeɪbi ɪf aɪ wər "ˈbɛtər," aɪ wʊd bi ə ˈsiˌiˈoʊ baɪ naʊ. ˈmeɪbi ɪf aɪ ˈwɔntɪd mɔr ˈməni, aɪd sərv ðə bɪg klaɪənts hu hæv ə lɔt əv ɪt. ˈmeɪbi ɪf aɪ dɪd ðoʊz θɪŋz, aɪd bi mɔr "səkˈsɛsfəl" (baɪ ˈsəmˌwən ˈɛlsɪz ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən). bət ɔl əv ðət ʤɪst ˈɪzənt mi. aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪz ənd əˈpriʃiˌeɪt ðɪs əˈbaʊt myself…*… ɪˈnəf tɪ spik ˈoʊpənli əˈbaʊt ɪt. aɪ ləv wət aɪ du ənd hu aɪ du ɪt fər. baɪ trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈstændərdz, əm ˈprɑbəˌbli ðə ˈfɑrðəst aɪv ˈɛvər bɪn frəm biɪŋ ˈpərˌfɪkt ənd "səkˈsɛsfəl" (aɪ æm nɑt ə gazilionaire*, ə ˈsiˌiˈoʊ əv ə ˈpəblɪk ˈkəmpəˌni, nɔr du aɪ ˈmænɪʤ 500 ɪmˈplɔɪiz), bət aɪ du straɪv fər ˈɛksələns ɪn maɪ wərk ˈɛvəri deɪ, əm səkˈsɛsfəl baɪ maɪ oʊn ˈstændərd, ənd aɪv ˈnɛvər bɪn ˈhæpiər. səkˈsɛs ˈvərsəz. happiness…*…. ənd ˈɛksələns ˈvərsəz. pərˈfɛkʃən gɪv ɪt səm θɔt ɛz ɪt əˈplaɪz tɪ jʊr laɪf. pliz ˈnoʊtəˌfaɪ mi əv əˈdɪʃənəl ˈɑrtɪkəlz ɔn "pərˈfɛkʃəˌnɪzəm"

striving for excellence vs. perfection i recently received a kind note from a f1y who got a job offer from one of the top firms. she was excited and thanked me for helping her to achieve "perfection" in her case preparation. i was thrilled for her and appreciate the gratitude in the spirit it was given. in thinking about the conversation, i realized that her use of the word "perfection" didn't sit well with me for some reason. after thinking about it for a few days, i realized why. i prefer the concept of striving for "excellence" instead of aiming to achieve "perfection." excellence is about setting a high standard for yourself and focusing on getting as good as you can possibly be. it is ultimately inward focused. it's about being as excellent as you can be. it's your current ability vs. your maximum potential. the concept of perfection (at least the way i think about it) feels much more like an external standard. we are aiming to be "perfect" based on someone else's standard. it is you vs. an impossible to achieve standard. this may seem like semantics -- arguing over subtle differences in words. but like i've said on previous occasions, your words reveal your thinking, and your thinking dictates your actions. (your thinking also determines how you feel emotionally about your actions.) let me give you an example. assume that you're an athlete at the olympics. if you strive for "excellence," break your own personal record by a huge amount and win a silver medal, you're thrilled about your accomplishment. alternatively, let's say you're a "perfection" oriented person. at the olympics you also break your personal record and when the competition ends, you discover you "lost gold" (a.k.a., won silver). under these circumstances, you will feel terrible about failing to be perfect. key insight (worth writing down): the problem with striving for perfection is no matter how much you accomplish, you will (i hypothesize) never be happy. i saw a lot of this addiction to perfection at mckinsey. i also saw it a lot when i spent a decade in silicon valley. in silicon valley, for example, you see this perfectionism play out as follows: if you sell a company for a $100 million, how do you know you didn't just get lucky? if you sell two companies for $100 million each, you still didn't sell either for $1 billion. if you are "only" a $1 billionaire, you're not as "perfect" as being a multi-billionaire. if you have a harvard undergrad degree, you still don't have a harvard law degree. striving for perfection is an incredibly slippery slope, because no accomplishment is ever enough. as a guy with three daughters, i've started paying attention to perfectionism in women. the entire american culture of being a woman (from my perspective) is heavily perfection-based. you see it in women's magazines. buy this product to look more beautiful / less blemished / attract a guy. in short, every product assumes you're flawed, and every product promises to get you closer to perfection. i used to be an occasional reader of cosmo girl magazine -- before the magazine went out of business. when i told this to moms in my community, they were always puzzled and had a look of concern on their face…. basically as if i was some kind of freak. but, once i explained why i read it, they just laughed. so why did i used to read cosmo girl magazine? answer: to know thy enemy whatever brainwashing society was going to inflict on my girls, i wanted to know it well so i could attempt to inoculate my girls from it. so what problem did i have with cosmo girl magazine (and by extension, cosmo magazine for adult women)? it's the premise. the premise = you are (very) flawed and that's a problem. i found the entire thing disgusting. literally every page -- every ad, every article -- was laced with this presupposition. it's one thing to put this in front of adult women who can make their own choices, it's another thing entirely to put it in front of an impressionable 11-year-old girl. got pimples? we can fix that. don't know how to do your hair the right way? we can fix that too. how to get boys to pay attention to you? we can fix that too. unless you know what the publisher or advertiser is doing, and why they are doing it, you will (after say 10 years of reading this stuff in one's formative years) assume you're hopelessly flawed. what i try to teach my kids: yes, you are flawed (because everybody is flawed… nobody is perfect) and you're perfectly fine the way you are. yes, strive for excellence to see how good you can become at whatever you're striving for, but never feel bad for not being perfect. what's ironic is the more successful someone is, the more it seems they're likely to suffer from addiction to perfection. when i was at stanford, a survey of stanford women showed that roughly 85% of stanford women were unhappy with their bodies. here were some of the most accomplished women in the world -- future supreme court justices, nobel prize winners, contributors to society, and the amount of genuine concern (and energy) about not having a perfect body really surprised me. at mckinsey, the open secret is a lot of mckinsey people are incredibly talented and incredibly insecure (in their lack of perfection). many even argue that mckinsey targets the over-achieving, highly insecure -- because they "need" the validation mckinsey provides. this obviously isn't completely true, but neither is it completely false either. arguably the people with the greatest accomplishments are the most insecure -- in part because they are close enough to perfection to see it, but never close enough to reach it. i am not immune. when i left mckinsey to do my first (of many) startups, my first one failed (the second one too). i kept benchmarking my career success vs. my former peers. geez -- so and so sold his company for $300 million. i did not (and still haven't). then my wife's former college roommate sold her company for $950 million. geez, i'm nowhere close. in my early days as an entrepreneur, i struggled quite a lot. i built and maintained a financial model comparing my current earnings vs. what i'd be earning if i were still at mckinsey vs. what i would be earning if i were working at mcdonalds. (sadly, mcdonalds won in more months than i care to admit.) yes, this is what ex-mckinsey people do with their spare time and insecurities… we quantify how much of a loser we feel like. some habits, even when wallowing in self pity, are hard to break! needless to say, those estimation skills came in handy... 🙂 is striving for perfection really that bad? yes, it is. let me explain why. perfectionism is an addiction. a perfectionist needs the "high" of achievement in order to feel good about himself. although addiction to achievement doesn't seem like that big of a deal, the problem comes when the perfectionist is willing to put achievement over and above everything else in life -- marriage, children, health (and for some, even the law). the thought process of the perfectionist is to sacrifice (potentially everything) to achieve what's "missing," and once that has been achieved, to appreciate life at that point in time. this is a fool's journey. the accomplishment addict will never stop and will never be satisfied for more than a few brief moments. if you think management consultants, who are hyper analytical, are immune from this, you are wrong. just ask rajat gupta -- the former head of mckinsey worldwide… who is now in prison for insider trading. why would someone who is on the board of goldman sachs and p&g, who is a personal advisor to bill gates and bill clinton engage in insider trading? the speculation is rajat gupta, who has an estimated net worth of $125m, was frustrated that he wasn't a billionaire. many of his (wall street) friends were billionaires and he thought he was just as smart (if not more so) than them… and wondered how come i'm not a billionaire yet? like i said earlier… any addiction, even to perfection, when taken to an extreme can be dangerous. my key message in sharing all this is to make the following two points: 1) success is getting what you strive for. 2) happiness is appreciating what you got. never confuse the two. they are independent. do you want to be successful? to be happy? or to be both? these are entirely distinct (but not mutually exclusive) paths. statistically speaking, in the united states once a person's income reaches the country-wide median income (around $50,000 usd for americans), their level of happiness does not increase as income increases. translated, once you know you will not starve to death and die, more money does not equal more happiness. once again, the two are separate. success is achieved externally. happiness is achieved internally (through introspection). i mention this because i wish someone had explained this to me very early in life. while i understood this idea intellectually, i never experienced it personally until very recently. you see over the past year or so, i've been working through my emotional baggage and issues with a therapist. yes, i am terribly flawed. until recently, i always saw this as a problem… something never to be admitted to and in my heart of hearts to be ashamed of. and after a year of working through the therapeutic process, i'm for the first time in my life actually okay with my flaws and "failures." there was a time in my life (most of it actually) where the thought of my even "admitting" that i had problems and was seeing a therapist was horrifying. i would have feelings of shame and fear that i would lose the respect of others. (and yes, i really hope my parents never read this article… obviously, i'm not 100% "cured" yet!) i've decided to share this part of my life for two reasons. 1) it is what it is. i am what i am… and i am finally accepting this to be true and even appreciating it. 2) i wanted to share my experience with you and my other readers in the event anything i've said resonates with you. i wish i'd had an emotionally healthy role model to learn from early in life. i never did. although i'm not sure i'm 100% emotionally healthy, i am certain i'm emotionally healthier than before. through this introspective process, i've come to recognize a theme in my professional work. i like helping the "underdog," and i like "leveling the playing field" for the audiences i serve -- small business owners and more recently, aspiring and new management consultants. for many years, i was reluctant to admit to either for fear of embarrassment. four years ago, i was giving a keynote speech at a conference hosted by fortune magazine. the chief marketing officer for dell wasn't able to give the keynote, and they asked me to step in as the keynote speaker. the conference was geared towards mid-size companies -- companies that are a lot more lucrative to serve as consulting clients (than small businesses) because they can afford higher fees. i was explaining the work i do and more importantly the size (or lack thereof) of the clients i serve to another speaker. his response has stuck with me all these years. "victor, i get it. you have this stellar fortune 500 background and you are willing to help the little guy and you aren't even the slightest bit embarrassed by it. that's so interesting," (in reference to the lack of my embarrassment… which of course implied i should be embarrassed by it). i was too surprised by the remark to be offended -- but that's what i was… offended. along similar lines, about two years ago, i was reading a message board post about me written by an anonymous user… you know how snarky and mean anonymous posters can get. i'll never forget one criticism of me. "if that victor cheng guy is so good, why in the hell would he be helping all of us get jobs. if he were really that good, he'd be ceo somewhere by now. he's a loser." (i edited out the 4-letter words that were used to describe me.) ouch! i suppose at some level, it's true. if i really were "good enough" to be a fortune 500 ceo, i probably would not be writing this right now. but, you know, i'm okay with it. you see, the real reason i work with "underdogs" is because i get great personal satisfaction from doing so. of all the emails i get, my favorite one was from a young undergrad from brown university (i think it was brown). she had just gotten double offers from mckinsey and bcg. she was raised by a single mother who earns $25,000 usd (very close to the u.s. poverty line) -- a mother who sacrificed enormously to be able to get her to brown. the f1y herself had worked hard and sacrificed for years to help create a better life for herself and for her mother. as she explained, it was a huge deal for her (and her family) when she got two consulting job offers as a 21-year-old soon to be college graduate. her first year compensation? $90,000 usd -- nearly 4 times what her mother earns in a year. i was thrilled for her. i remember her closing lines were something like, "for years i wondered if all the work and hardship would ever pay off, thanks to your help, it did pay off. thank you so much." it was one of the most meaningful emails i received in my life. up until that time, i thought i was just helping people out with a tough job interview. after i received that email, i realized that i had just helped to change someone's life for the better. i never thought of it that way before. i've also never stopped thinking about it that way since that email. that is why i do what i do. in fact, not only am i not embarrassed by what i do and whom i do it for, i'm proud of helping others. it is the most psychologically rewarding work i've ever done in my life. and selfishly, it makes me happy. so maybe if i were "better," i would be a ceo by now. maybe if i wanted more money, i'd serve the big clients who have a lot of it. maybe if i did those things, i'd be more "successful" (by someone else's definition). but all of that just isn't me. i realize and appreciate this about myself… enough to speak openly about it. i love what i do and who i do it for. by traditional standards, i'm probably the farthest i've ever been from being perfect and "successful" (i am not a gazilionaire, a ceo of a public company, nor do i manage 500 employees), but i do strive for excellence in my work every day, i'm successful by my own standard, and i've never been happier. success vs. happiness…. and excellence vs. perfection give it some thought as it applies to your life. please notify me of additional articles on "perfectionism"

ɔn ʤun 23 ə grup əv ˈʧɪldrən wɪl əraɪv ɪn ˈdɛri frəm ˌbɛlɑˈrʊs. fər ðə ˈʧɪldrən ˌɪnˈvɑlvd, laɪk ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ disneyland,”*,” sɪz ˈɛmə hənt, hu ɪz ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv ðə ʧərˈnoʊbəl ˈʧɪldrən ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl fɔɪl brænʧ. ˌæbsəˈlutli ləv ðɛr taɪm here,”*,” sɪz ˈɛmə, hu həz bɪn ˌɪnˈvɑlvd wɪθ ðə ˈʧɛrɪti fər ə ˈnəmbər əv jɪrz. hæv 12 ˈʧɪldrən steɪɪŋ wɪθ hoʊst ˈfæməliz ɪn ðə nɔrθ wɛst ənd ðɪs ˈpɪriəd əv taɪm wɪn ðə ˈʧɪldrən kəm hir ɪz ðə ɪˈvɛnt wi wərk təˈwɔrdz ɔl year.”*.” ðə ˈʧɪldrən kəm tɪ ˈaɪərlənd fər ə fɔr wik breɪk əˈweɪ frəm ðə ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃən stɪl ˈprɛzənt sɪns ðə ʧərˈnoʊbəl ˈnukliər dɪˈzæstər ˈθərˌdi wən jɪrz əˈgoʊ. ˈdɑktərz bɪˈliv ðə hɛlθ ˈbɛnəfɪts əv ðə ˈhɑlɪˌdeɪ kən ɪkˈstɛnd ðə laɪf ɪkˈspɛktənsi baɪ əp tɪ tu jɪrz. ðə ˈænjuəl trɪp həz bɪn baɪ ə grup əv ˌvɔlənˈtɪrɪŋ hoʊst ˈloʊkəl ˈfæməliz, pɑrt əv ʧərˈnoʊbəl ˈʧɪldrən ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl, ənd wɪl si ðə ˈjəŋstərz steɪ wɪθ ˈdɛri ənd ˈpipəl ɪn ə bɪd tɪ bust ðɛr hɛlθ. ðə ˈvɪzɪts ər peɪd fər baɪ ˈloʊkəl ˈfənˌdreɪsɪŋ ənd ɔl ækˈtɪvɪtiz ər stæft baɪ ənˈpeɪd ˌvɑlənˈtɪrz. ðə ˈvɪzɪts wʊd nɑt bi ˈpɑsəbəl wɪˈθaʊt ðə ˈɛfərts əv ðoʊz hu fundraise*, ənd ðoʊz ˈloʊkəl ˈbɪznɪsɪz hu səˈpɔrt ðɛm, sɪz ˈɛmə. ˈfənˌdreɪsɪŋ ɪz ˈrɪli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ənd wi hæv ə fju ɪˈvɛnts ˈkəmɪŋ əp locally,”*,” ʃi ædz. (ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ) ðə grup wɪl hæv ə stɔl æt ðə smɑrt məmz ˈmɑrkɪt æt ðə hoʊˈtɛl ənd ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ ʤun 19 ðə grup wɪl hæv ə ˈræfəl ˈteɪbəl æt ˈʃɑpɪŋ centre.”*.” ðə grup hæv rɪˈsivd ˈmɛni ˈsɛkənd hænd kloʊðz ənd tɔɪz frəm ðə kəmˈjunɪti, ənd ər naʊ ˈdɛspərətli traɪɪŋ tɪ kəˈlɛkt ʃuz, ˈbustər kɑr sits ənd ˈsutˌkeɪsɪz ɛz ðə ˈʧɪldrən hu kəm hir kəm wɪθ ˈvɛri ˈlɪtəl. hæv ˌæbsəˈlutli ˈnəθɪŋ, ənd soʊ ˈgreɪtfəl fər ˈivɪn ðə sˈmɔləst θɪŋ ðət ˈgɪvɪn here,”*,” sɪz ˈɛmə. lɔt əv ðə ˈʧɪldrən ˈkəmɪŋ hir ðɪs jɪr ər ˈfɑstər ˈʧɪldrən. ɪn səm ˈkeɪsɪz ðɛr ˈpɛrənts ər dɛd, ɪn ˈəðər ˈkeɪsɪz ðeɪ hæv bɪn ˈteɪkən əˈweɪ frəm ðɛr ˈpɛrənts. ðə taɪm ðeɪ gɪt tɪ spɛnd wɪθ iʧ ˈəðər waɪl ðeɪ ər hir, ɛz wɛl ɛz wɪθ ðə hoʊst ˈfæməliz, ɪz soʊ gʊd fər them.”*.” ðoʊz hu hæv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ðeɪ meɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈdoʊˌneɪt fər ðə ˈʧɪldrən ʃʊd ˈkɑnˌtækt ðə ˈfeɪsˌbʊk peɪʤ ʧərˈnoʊbəl ˈʧɪldrən ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl fɔɪl brænʧ ər ˈkɑnˌtækt nəˈvɑroʊ (grup ˈlidər) ɔn 07925326083 ər ˈɛmə hənt (ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri) ɔn 07775855638

on june 23, a group of children will arrive in derry from belarus. for the children involved, “it’s like coming to disneyland,” says emma hunt, who is secretary of the chernobyl children international foyle & inishowen branch. “they absolutely love their time here,” says emma, who has been involved with the charity for a number of years. “we have 12 children staying with host families in the north west and this period of time when the children come here is the event we work towards all year.” the children come to ireland for a four week break away from the radiation still present since the chernobyl nuclear disaster thirty one years ago. doctors believe the health benefits of the month-long holiday can extend the children’s life expectancy by up to two years. the annual trip has been organised by a group of volunteering host local families, part of chernobyl children international, and will see the youngsters stay with derry and inishowen people in a bid to boost their health. the visits are paid for by local fundraising and all activities are staffed by unpaid volunteers. the visits would not be possible without the efforts of those who fundraise, and those local businesses who support them, says emma. “our fundraising is really important and we have a few events coming up locally,” she adds. “tomorrow (saturday) the group will have a stall at the smart mums market at the waterfoot hotel and on monday june 19 the group will have a raffle table at rathmór shopping centre.” the group have received many second hand clothes and toys from the community, and are now desperately trying to collect shoes, booster car seats and suitcases as the children who come here come with very little. “they have absolutely nothing, and they’re so grateful for even the smallest thing that they’re given here,” says emma. “a lot of the children coming here this year are foster children. in some cases their parents are dead, in other cases they have been taken away from their parents. the time they get to spend with each other while they are here, as well as with the host families, is so good for them.” those who have anything they may be able to donate for the children should contact the facebook page chernobyl children international foyle & inishowen branch or contact maría navarro (group leader) on 07925326083 or emma hunt (secretary) on 07775855638.

ˈivɪn ʤeɪl ˈɪnˌmeɪts ˈkʊdənt stænd ðə ˈhɔrər əv ðə ˈdɛli bəs keɪs ðɪs keɪm tɪ laɪt wɪn ðə ˈɪnˌmeɪts bit əp, ðə meɪn əˈkjuzd ɪn ðə ˈdɛli bəs keɪs, ɪn ðə ʤeɪl. ˈsɔrsəz ɪn ðə ʤeɪl sɛd wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ fɔrst tɪ kənˈsum ˈjumən ənd ðə əˈtæk ʤeɪl əˈθɔrətiz hæv ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ lɑʤ ɪm ˈsɛpərˌeɪt frəm ˈəðər ˈvɪktɪmz meɪl frɛnd, hu wɑz ˈbitən əp baɪ ðə əˈkjuzd bəs kru, aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ɪn ðə tɛst aɪˌdɛntəfəˈkeɪʃən pəreɪd (tɪp). ðə aɪˌdɛntəfəˈkeɪʃən wʊd hɛlp pəˈlis ɪn ɪˈstæblɪʃɪŋ ðət ðə ˈəðər əˈkjuzd wər ˈɔlsoʊ wɪθ ˌpɛrəˈmɛdɪk ˈstudənt wɑz reɪpt ənd ˈbædli ˈbitən əp ɪn ə ˈmuvɪŋ bəs waɪl ʃi wɑz rɪˈtərnɪŋ hoʊm ɪn ˈɛnˌkleɪv ˈɛriə ɔn ˈsənˌdi naɪt. hər frɛnd hæd traɪd tɪ ˈrɛskju hər bət hi tu wɑz ˈbædli θræʃt baɪ ðə əˈkjuzd. ðə ˈduoʊ wɑz ðɛn strɪpt ənd dəmpt ɪn ˈɛriə. ðeɪ wər ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛntli baɪ ðə pəˈlis ənd ðə gərlz kənˈdɪʃən həz stɪl bɪn ərˈɛstɪd fɔr ˈpipəl ɪn kəˈnɛkʃən wɪθ ðə reɪp. meɪn əˈkjuzd ræm sɪŋ, hu wɑz ðə ˈdraɪvər əv ðə bəs, ənd hɪz əˈkɑmpləsəz ənd hæv bɪn ɔn pəˈlis rɪˈmænd waɪl hɪz ˈbrəðər wɑz sɛnt tɪ ʤuˈdɪʃəl ˈkəstədi ɔn ðɛr kɔrt əˈpɪrəns ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ, ˈoʊnli hæd əˈgrid tɪ ðə tɪp. ənd hæd kənˈfɛst tɪ biɪŋ pɑrt əv ðə gæŋ ənd sɛd ðɛr wɑz noʊ nid fər ðɛr pɑrˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən ɪn ðə tɪp. ɪn fækt, hæd sɛd ðət hi wɑz əˈʃeɪmd əv hɪz kraɪm ˈivɪn ɛz hi kleɪmd ðət hi dɪd nɑt reɪp ðə gərl. ədˈmɪtɪŋ tɪ ˈbitɪŋ hər frɛnd, hi hæd sɛd hi ʃʊd bi hæŋd fər hɪz ækt.

even tihar jail inmates couldn't stand the horror of the delhi bus gangrape case . this came to light when the inmates beat up mukesh, the main accused in the delhi bus gangrape case, in the jail. sources in the jail said mukesh was also forced to consume human excreta and urine.after the attack , jail authorities have decided to lodge him separate from other inmates.the victim's male friend, who was beaten up by the accused bus crew, identified mukesh in the test identification parade (tip). the identification would help police in establishing that the other accused were also with him.the 23-year-old paramedic student was raped and badly beaten up in a moving bus while she was returning home in mahavir enclave area on sunday night. her friend had tried to rescue her but he too was badly thrashed by the accused. the duo was then stripped and dumped in vasant vihar area. they were consequently hospitalised by the police and the girl's condition has still been critical.police arrested four people in connection with the rape. main accused ram singh, who was the driver of the bus, and his accomplices vinay and pawan have been on police remand while his brother mukesh was sent to two-week judicial custody on wednesday.during their court appearance on wednesday, only mukesh had agreed to the tip. vinay and pawan had confessed to being part of the gang and said there was no need for their participation in the tip. in fact, vinay had said that he was ashamed of his crime even as he claimed that he did not rape the girl. admitting to beating her friend, he had said he should be hanged for his act.

ˈrændi ˈreɪnˌboʊ, haʊ dɪz hi lænd ɔl ðiz ʧɔɪs ˈɪntərvˌjuz? bæk wɪθ ˈdɑnəld trəmp, ˈspikɪŋ wɪθ ɪm ˌwənɔnˈwən fər ðə fərst taɪm sɪns hɪz ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪd wɪn. ˈreɪnˌboʊ ənd trəmp bɪˈgɪn ɔn gʊd ˈfʊtɪŋ, əˈgriɪŋ ðət ɪt məst bi ə ˈtaɪpoʊ ðət hi wɑz ʤɪst ɪˈlɛktɪd ˈprɛzɪdənt ˌbiˈfɔr θɪŋz gɪt ˈtɛsti wɪn ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəmz əp. nɑt ðə ˈfeɪvərɪt, ˈklɪrli. hi ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnkˈwaɪərz əˈbaʊt wət wi ɛz ə ˈkəntri hæv tɪ lʊk ˈfɔrwərd tɪ ˈəndər ə ˈprɛzɪdənt trəmp. ðɛn ə kwɪk trɪp tɪ ðə trəmp pleɪn, wɪθ ðə ˈjuʒəwəl kæst əv ˈfraɪtənɪŋ ˈkɛrɪktərz, frəm stiv ““banana”*” ˈbænən tɪ ˈərsələ. ˈreɪnˌboʊ, ˈɔlˌweɪz ðə θəroʊ rɪˈpɔrtər, noʊts ðət ðə pleɪn ɪz sˈmɔlər ðən ɪkˈspɛktɪd, məʧ laɪk hænz. wɔʧ ðə ˈvɪdioʊ bɪˈloʊ, ənd fərˈgɛt tɪ lʊk fər ˈreɪnˌboʊ æt ðə ˌɪˌnɔgjəˈreɪʃən. ɪf ju kən si θru ðə dɪsˈgaɪz. ðɪs ˈstɔri faɪld ˈəndər

randy rainbow, how does he land all these choice interviews? he’s back with donald trump, speaking with him one-on-one for the first time since his unexpected win. rainbow and trump begin on good footing, agreeing that it must be a typo that he was just elected president before things get testy when intelligence comes up. it’s not the president-elect’s favorite, clearly. he also inquires about what we as a country have to look forward to under a president trump. then it’s a quick trip to the trump plane, with the usual cast of frightening characters, from steve “banana” bannon to ursula. rainbow, always the thorough reporter, notes that the plane is smaller than expected, much like trump’s hands. watch the video below, and don’t forget to look for rainbow at the inauguration. if you can see through the disguise. this story filed under

ˈkrɛdɪt: ˌdiˈsi ˈkɑmɪks ˈkrɛdɪt: ˈʤeɪsən ˌdiˈsi ˈkɑmɪks meɪ bi ˈhoʊldɪŋ bæk ɔn ðɛr spɪˈsɪfɪk səˌlɪsɪˈteɪʃənz ənd ˈkəvər ˈɪmɪʤɪz fər ʤun fər ˈæftər ðɛr riˈbərθ ɪˈvɛnt ðɪs ˈwiˌkɪnd æt wondercon*, bət ˈdaɪmənd ˈkɑmɪks dɪˈstrɪbjətərz həz riˈlist səm ˈɪnfoʊ ɔn ðə ʤun rɪˈlisɪz. ə kwɪk lʊk æt ðə ˈtaɪtəlz ju kən ɪkˈspɛkt, frəm riˈbərθ ˈlɔnʧɪz tɪ ðə læst ˈvɛstɪʤɪz əv ðə əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈvərtɪˌgoʊ, ənd ˈəðər ˈænsəˌlɛri ˈkɔrnərz əv ðə ˌdiˈsi. ðə ˈvərtɪˌgoʊ ˈtaɪtəlz wər nɑt ˈlɪstɪd. kip ɪn maɪnd ðət ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn ðiz ˈtaɪtəlz rɪˈmeɪnz ˈlɪmɪtɪd: noʊ kriˈeɪtɪv timz, riˈlis deɪt, ər peɪʤ kaʊnt hæv bɪn rɪˈvild baɪ ˌdiˈsi ər ˈdaɪmənd. riˈbərθ kɪks ɔf wɪθ ˌdiˈsi ˈjunəˌvərs riˈbərθ 1 (ˈlɪstɪd fər ə meɪ 25 riˈlis), wɪʧ ˈdaɪmənd rɪˈvilz wɪl hæv ə ˈmɪdˌnaɪt riˈlis kəmˈpoʊnənt. ðə ʤun riˈbərθ ˈtaɪtəlz ər ˈsupərˌmæn riˈbərθ 1 ˈsupərˌmæn 1 ˈækʃən ˈkɑmɪks 957 ənd 958 ˈbætˌmæn riˈbərθ 1 ˈbætˌmæn 1 dɪˈtɛktɪv ˈkɑmɪks 934 ənd 935 riˈbərθ 1 1 flæʃ riˈbərθ 1 flæʃ 1 grin ˈlæntərnz riˈbərθ 1 grin ˈlæntərnz 1 grin ˈɛroʊ riˈbərθ 1 grin ˈɛroʊ ˈwʊmən riˈbərθ 1 ˈwʊmən 1 ˈtaɪtənz riˈbərθ 1 iʧ ər ˈlɪstɪd æt wɪθ ə nɑnˌrɪˈstrɪktɪd ˈvɛriənt ˈkəvər ˈvərʒən ɛz wɛl. ˈkrɛdɪt: ˌdiˈsi ˈkɑmɪks ðə kənˈtɪnjuz ˈɪntu ʤun wɪθ ə ˈʤəstɪs lig 51 əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈʤəstɪs lig 52 ˈʤəstɪs lig əv əˈmɛrɪkə 12 ˈbləˌdlaɪnz 3 ˈsaɪbɔrg 12 ˈkɑnstənˌtin ðə 13 ərθ 2 soʊˈsaɪɪti 13 19 ˈdɔktər feɪt 13 rɛd hʊd ˈɑrsənəl 13 ˈlɛʤəndz əv təˈmɑˌroʊ 4 swɔmp θɪŋ 6 nu ˈsuɪˌsaɪd skwɑd 21 ˈsuɪˌsaɪd moʊst ˈwɔntɪd: 6 tin ˈtaɪtənz 21 33 ˈwʊmən 30 ˈsupərˌmæn: ðə ˈkəmɪŋ əv ðə 5 ˈhɑrli kwɪn 29 (wɪθ ə ˈvɛriənt), ˈlɪtəl blæk bʊk 4 (wɪθ ə ˈvɛriənt), ˈhɑrli kwɪn hər gæŋ əv 3 (wɪθ ə ˈvɛriənt), ˈpɔɪzən ˈaɪvi: ˈsaɪkəl əv laɪf dɛθ 6 ˈrɑbɪn: sən əv ˈbætˌmæn 13 ənd grin ˈlæntərn kɔrz: ɛʤ əv əˈblɪviən 6 əˈdɪʃəˌnəli, ˌdiˈsi həz ˈsɛvərəl ˈænuəlz plænd fər ɪts "nu 52 ˈtaɪtəlz ɪn ʤun: ˈʤəstɪs lig əv əˈmɛrɪkə ˈænjuəl 1 ˈænjuəl 2 tin ˈtaɪtənz ˈænjuəl 2 ˈænjuəl 3 ənd ˈgreɪsən ˈænjuəl 3 ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə rɛlm əv ənd riˈbərθ, ʤun ɪz ˈskɛʤʊld tɪ hæv dɑrk naɪt iii*: ðə ˈmæstər reɪs 6 (wɪθ sɪks ˈvɛriənts), ˌdiˈsi ˈkɑmɪks ˈbɑmˌʃɛlz 14 ˈlɛʤənd əv ˈwəndər ˈwʊmən 7 ˌɪnˈʤəstɪs: gɑdz əˈməŋ ˈjuˈɛs jɪr faɪv 11 ənd 12 ædˈvɛnʧərz əv 3 ənd 4 ˈbætˌmæn: jʊˈroʊpə dɪˈrɛktərz kət 1 ənd ðə tin ˈtaɪtənz ərθ wən, vol*. 2 ənd ˌdiˈsi ˈsupər ˈhɪroʊ gərlz: ˈfaɪnəlz ˈkraɪsəs. fər ˈvərtɪˌgoʊ, ˌdiˈsi həz ˈlɪstɪd sərˈvaɪvərz kləb 9 8 ðə dɑrk ənd ðə ˈblədi 5 ðə ˈʃɛrɪf əv ˈbæbəˌlɑn 7 ˈæstroʊ ˈsɪti 25 klin rum 9 ˈlusəfər 7 ɑrt ɑps 9 rɛd θɔrn 8 ənd suiciders*: kɪŋz əv 4 ˈtaɪtəlz ˈɛnər ɪts ˈsɛkənd mənθ, wɪθ ˈsɛkənd ˈɪʃuz əv ˈskubi əˈpɑkəˌlɪps (wɪθ ə ˈvɛriənt), fˈjuʧər kwɛst (wɪθ ə ˈvɛriənt), əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə ˈdeɪbju əv ˈwæki (wɪθ fɔr ˈvɛriənt ˈkəvərz). ɪn ˌɪnˈfɔrməl kɑrˈtun ˈnɛtˌwərk laɪn, ˈdaɪmənd lɪsts ˈluni tunz 231 tin ˈtaɪtənz goʊ 16 ənd ˈskubi du: wɛr ər ju? 70 ənd ˈlæstli, mæd ˈmægəˌzin 540

credit: dc comics credit: jason fabok dc comics may be holding back on their specific solicitations and cover images for june for after their rebirth event this weekend at wondercon, but diamond comics distributors has released some info on the publisher’s june releases. here’s a quick look at the titles you can expect, from rebirth launches to the last vestiges of the “new 52,” along with vertigo, hanna-barbera and other ancillary corners of the dc. the vertigo titles were not listed. keep in mind that information on these titles remains limited: no creative teams, release date, or page count have been revealed by dc or diamond. rebirth kicks off with dc universe rebirth #1 (listed for a may 25 release), which diamond reveals will have a midnight release component. the june rebirth titles are superman rebirth #1, superman #1, action comics #957 and #958, batman rebirth #1, batman #1, detective comics #934 and #935, aquaman rebirth #1, aquaman #1, flash rebirth #1, flash #1, green lanterns rebirth #1, green lanterns #1, green arrow rebirth #1, green arrow #1,wonder woman rebirth #1 andwonder woman #1, titans rebirth #1. each are listed at $2.99, with a non-restricted variant cover version as well. credit: dc comics the “new 52” continues into june with a resolicited justice league #51 along with justice league #52, justice league of america #12, bloodlines #3, cyborg #12, constantine the hellblazer #13, earth 2 society #13, deathstroke #19, doctor fate #13, red hood & arsenal #13, legends of tomorrow #4, swamp thing #6, new suicide squad #21, suicide squad’s most wanted: deadshot/katana #6, teen titans #21, batman/superman #33, superman/wonder woman #30, superman: the coming of the supermen #5, harley quinn #29 (with a variant), harley’s little black book #4 (with a variant), harley quinn & her gang of harleys #3 (with a variant), poison ivy: cycle of life & death #6, robin: son of batman #13, and green lantern corps: edge of oblivion #6. additionally, dc has several annuals planned for it's "new 52" titles in june: justice league of america annual #1, deathstroke annual #2, teen titans annual #2, batman/superman annual #3, and grayson annual #3. outside the realm of “new 52” and rebirth, june is scheduled to have dark knight iii: the master race #6 (with six variants), dc comics bombshells #14, legend of wonder woman #7, injustice: gods among us year five #11 and #12, adventures of supergirl #3 and #4, batman: europa directors cut #1, and the ogns teen titans earth one, vol. 2 and dc super hero girls: finals crisis. for vertigo, dc has listed survivor's club #9, unfollow #8, the dark and the bloody #5, the sheriff of babylon #7, astro city #25, clean room #9, lucifer #7, art ops #9, red thorn #8, and suiciders: kings of hell.a #4. dc’s hanna-barbera titles enter its second month, with second issues of scooby apocalypse (with a variant), future quest (with a variant), along with the debut of wacky raceland (with four variant covers). in dc’s informal cartoon network line, diamond lists looney tunes #231, teen titans go #16 and scooby doo: where are you? #70. and lastly, mad magazine #540.

ˈbjʊroʊ əv ˌmitiərˈɑləʤi tɪ æks stæf frəm ɔl ˈriʤənəl ˈsteɪʃənz ɪkˈsɛpt kɛrnz ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ðə ˈbjʊroʊ əv ˌmitiərˈɑləʤi (bɑm) wɪl æks ˈriʤənəl stæf frəm ɪts ˈsteɪʃənz əˈkrɔs ɔˈstreɪljə wɪθ ðə ɪkˈsɛpʃən əv kɛrnz, wɪθ ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃən ˈdutiz tɪ bi ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd. mɔr ðən 30 ɪmˈplɔɪiz ɪn 24 ˈriʤənəl ˈsteɪʃənz wɪl bi əˈfɛktɪd, wɪθ plænz tɪ ˌridɪˈplɔɪ stæf hu ər priˈpɛrd tɪ muv. ðə dɪˈsɪʒən kəmz ˈæftər ə ˌrivˈju əv stæf ðət wɑz pɑrt əv 2015 strəˈtiʤɪk plæn. bɑm ˈwɛstərn ɔˈstreɪljə ˈriʤənəl dɪˈrɛktər maɪk ˈbərˌgɪn sɛd stæf wʊd bi ˈteɪkən aʊt əv ˈriʤənəl ˈsteɪʃənz wɪˈθɪn faɪv jɪrz. "ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst faɪv jɪrz wɪl ɛˈsɛnʃəli əˈbaʊt 24 əv ðə fild ˈsteɪʃənz əˈkrɔs ɔˈstreɪljə, ənd kənˈsɑlɪˌdeɪt ɑr stæf ˈɪntu ækˈtɪvɪti həbz, ɛz wɪr ˈkɔlɪŋ ðɛm," ˈmɪstər ˈbərˌgɪn toʊld vəˈnɛsə mɪlz ɔn ˈeɪˌbiˌsi ˈkɪmbərli ˈloʊkəl ˈreɪdiˌoʊ. "ənd ðɛl bi beɪst ˈiðər ɪn ðə ˈkæpɪtəl ˈsɪtiz, ənd ðɛr wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ bi wən ɪn kɛrnz." ðə nuz kəmz ə deɪ ˈæftər ðə əˈnaʊnst ɪts ˈklaɪmɪt saɪəns dɪˈvɪʒənz wər ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ bi pɛrd bæk ɛz pɑrt əv ə juʤ shake-up*. stæf æt ˈriʤənəl bɑm ˈsteɪʃənz teɪk klaʊd ˈkəvər ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz, riˈlis ənd træk ˈwɛðər bəˈlunz, ənd meɪk ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ˈwɛðər ˈfɔrˌkæst ˈbrɔdˌkæsts. ˈmɪstər ˈbərˌgɪn sɛd ˈriʤənəl ˈsteɪʃənz wʊd kənˈtɪnju tɪ ˈɔpərˌeɪt baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˌɔtəˈmætɪk ˈwɛðər ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz. "ðeɪ woʊnt kloʊz, ɪts ʤɪst ðət ðeɪ wɪl noʊ ˈlɔŋgər hæv stæf æt ðɛm," hi sɛd. ˈmɛni sˈmɔlər ˈsteɪʃənz hæv ɔˈrɛdi bɪn ˈlɑrʤli ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd ənd rɪˈdust tɪ ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz. ðiz wɪl bi wɪˈθɪn ðə nɛkst tu jɪrz, wɪθ ˈlɑrʤər ˈriʤənəl ˈsteɪʃənz tɪ bi wɪˈθɪn faɪv jɪrz. "ðə ˈrizən ðət ðə ˈəðər ˈsteɪʃənz ər ɪn ðə θri tɪ faɪv jɪr taɪm ˈpɪriəd ɪz ðət wi nid tɪ gɪt əˈdɪʃənəl ɪkˈwɪpmənt ˈɪntu ðoʊz ˈsteɪʃənz tɪ ˈfərðər ˈɔtəˌmeɪt səm əv ðə ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz ðət wi teɪk," ˈmɪstər ˈbərˌgɪn sɛd. "wi ˈɔlsoʊ hæv ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˌɔtəˈmætɪkli riˈlis ˈwɛðər bəˈlunz." ˌridɪˈplɔɪmənt ənd rɪˈdəndənsiz ðə bɑm riˈlist ə strəˈtiʤɪk plæn ɪn 2015 wɪθ wən əv ðə meɪn eɪmz tɪ loʊər ðə kɔst əv ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ənd ˌrivˈju ˈriʤənəl stæf. ˈmɪstər ˈbərˌgɪn sɛd ðɛr wər mɔr ðən 30 ɪmˈplɔɪiz ɪn ðə 24 ˈriʤənəl ˈsteɪʃənz ðət wʊd bi. "ðə plæn ɪz tɪ ˌridɪˈplɔɪ ɛz ˈmɛni ˈpipəl ɛz wɔnt tɪ bi ɪn ˈəðər pɑrts əv ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk, soʊ ðɛr wɪl bi noʊ fɔrst rɪˈdəndənsiz," hi sɛd. stæf hu du nɑt wɔnt tɪ muv tɪ ˈkæpɪtəl ˈsɪtiz ər kɛrnz wɪl bi ˈɔfərd rɪˈdəndənsiz. ˈmeɪntənəns əv ðə ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd ˈriʤənəl ˈsteɪʃənz ənd ˈsərvɪsɪŋ ðə ˌɔtəˈmætɪk ˈwɛðər bəˈlun ˈlɔnʧərz ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi kənˈdəktəd baɪ ə mɪks əv bɑm stæf flaɪɪŋ ˈɪntu ˈriʤənəl taʊnz, ənd ˈloʊkəli ɪmˈplɔɪd ˈkɑnˌtræktərz. "ˈloʊdɪŋ ðə ɪkˈwɪpmənt ˈɪntu ðə autosondes*, ɛz wi kɔl ðɛm, ðət wʊd bi ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət stæf hu ər noʊ ˈlɔŋgər wɪθ ˈjuˈɛs kʊd pərˈfɔrm," ˈmɪstər ˈbərˌgɪn sɛd. ðə ˈriʤənəl dɪˈrɛktər sɛd ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz wər ɔˈrɛdi ˈwaɪdˈsprɛd, ənd ðə ˈsərvɪsɪz tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk wʊd ˈoʊnli ˌɪmˈpruv. "ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ðæts goʊɪŋ tɪ bi əˈveɪləbəl tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk ɪz nɑt ˈoʊnli nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ ʧeɪnʤ, ɪts ˈɔlsoʊ goʊɪŋ tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ɪn ɪts brɛdθ, ənd ðə ˈfɔrˌkæstɪŋ ˈsərvɪsɪz ðət wi prəˈvaɪd ər ˈsərtənli goʊɪŋ tɪ ɪkˈspænd ɛz wɛl," ˈmɪstər ˈbərˌgɪn sɛd. ˈtɑpɪks: ˈwɛðər, federal-government*, ˈriʤənəl, ɔˈstreɪljə fərst ˈpoʊstɪd

bureau of meteorology to axe staff from all regional stations except cairns updated the bureau of meteorology (bom) will axe regional staff from its stations across australia with the exception of cairns, with observation duties to be automated. more than 30 employees in 24 regional stations will be affected, with plans to redeploy staff who are prepared to move. the decision comes after a review of staff that was part of bom's 2015 strategic plan. bom western australia regional director mike bergin said staff would be taken out of regional stations within five years. "over the next five years we'll essentially de-staff about 24 of the field stations across australia, and consolidate our staff into activity hubs, as we're calling them," mr bergin told vanessa mills on abc kimberley local radio. "and they'll be based either in the capital cities, and there will also be one in cairns." the news comes a day after the csiro announced its climate science divisions were expected to be pared back as part of a huge shake-up. staff at regional bom stations take cloud cover observations, release and track weather balloons, and make vhf radio weather forecast broadcasts. mr bergin said regional stations would continue to operate by making automatic weather observations. "they won't close, it's just that they will no longer have staff at them," he said. many smaller stations have already been largely automated and reduced to single-person operations. these will be de-staffed within the next two years, with larger regional stations to be de-staffed within five years. "the reason that the other stations are in the three to five year time period is that we need to get additional equipment into those stations to further automate some of the observations that we take," mr bergin said. "we also have the ability to automatically release weather balloons." redeployment and redundancies the bom released a strategic plan in 2015 with one of the main aims to lower the cost of operations and review regional staff. mr bergin said there were more than 30 employees in the 24 regional stations that would be de-staffed. "the plan is to redeploy as many people as want to be in other parts of the network, so there will be no forced redundancies," he said. staff who do not want to move to capital cities or cairns will be offered redundancies. maintenance of the automated regional stations and servicing the automatic weather balloon launchers is likely to be conducted by a mix of bom staff flying into regional towns, and locally employed contractors. "loading the equipment into the autosondes, as we call them, that would be something that staff who are no longer with us could perform," mr bergin said. the regional director said automated observations were already widespread, and the bom's services to the public would only improve. "the information that's going to be available to the public is not only not going to change, it's also going to improve in its breadth, and the forecasting services that we provide are certainly going to expand as well," mr bergin said. topics: weather, federal-government, regional, broome-6725, australia first posted

ɔl ðə wɛbz ər goʊɪŋ ɔn əˈbaʊt ðə nu hoʊˈtɛl ðət ʤɪst ˈoʊpənd fər ˈbɪznɪs æt ðə tɛn bɔʃ əmˈjuzmənt pɑrk wɪθ ən fˈjuʧər city”*” θim ɪn ðə ˌnɑgɑˈsɑki ˈpriˌfɛkʧər. (ʃeɪ ˈkəvərd ðə ərˈɪʤənəl əˈnaʊnsmɛnt hir.) ðə hoʊˈtɛl ɪz pɪʧt ɛz biɪŋ rən baɪ ˈroʊˌbəts, ənd nɑt tɪ ləv əˈbaʊt ðə ˈtɔkɪŋ ˈdaɪnəˌsɔr ðət grits gɛsts? bət ðɛrz ə lɔt goʊɪŋ ɔn hir bɪɔnd ðə ˈsɪli ˈroʊˌbəts wɪʧ ɪz ə gʊd θɪŋ, bɪˈkəz ɔl ðə ˈroʊˌbəts ər duɪŋ θɪŋz ðət ər ˈprɪti məʧ ˈhɪstəri ɪn ˈɛni ˈbəʤɪt ˈbɪznɪs hoʊˈtɛl. soʊ waɪ du ðə ˈfɔrənərz gɪt ðə ˈdaɪnəˌsɔr? (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: hoʊˈtɛl) aɪ səˈpoʊz ðeɪ wɔnt ə ˈskɛri ˈdaɪnəˌsɔr stæf ˈmɛmbər tɪ dil wɪθ ðə ər ˈfɔrənərz; ˈminˌwaɪl, ˌʤæpəˈniz gɛsts ˌɪnərˈækt wɪθ ə pəˈlaɪt jəŋ ˈwʊmən ˈroʊˌbət. (ər, ju kʊd ʤɪst ʧɛk ɪn ɔn ðə kəmˈpjutər laɪk ˈmɛni hoʊˈtɛlz du.) həm, haʊ du ju tɪp ə ˈroʊˌbət ˈbɛˌlhɑp? ˈbætəriz? (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: hoʊˈtɛl) ðɛn ðɛr ɪz ðə ˈbɛˌlhɑp, ə kəmˈpjutərˌaɪzd ˈtrɑli ðət ˈkɛriz jʊr bæg tɪ jʊr rum. (ɪkˈsɛpt ðɪs simz tɪ bi mɔr fər ʃoʊ ənd ˈfræŋkli, mɔr ˈtrəbəl ðən ʤɪst ˈpʊlɪŋ aʊt ðə ˈhændəl ɔn jʊr ˈroʊlɪŋ bæg ənd ˈpʊlɪŋ ɪt ˈjɔrsɛlf. sloʊ ənd ju hæv tɪ sɔrt əv ˈproʊˌgræm ɪt tɪ wɛr ju wɔnt tɪ goʊ.) lɛts hoʊp ɪt wərks ˈbɛtər ðən maɪ ˈfɪŋgərˌprɪnt ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən. (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: hoʊˈtɛl) rum ˈɛntri ɪz geɪnd baɪ ˈfeɪʃəl ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən. "ðɪs əˈlaʊz fər smɑrt ˈɛntri ɪn ðə rum baɪ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪŋ ðə ˈhændɪŋ ˈoʊvər ənd ˈkɛriɪŋ əv kiz." (wɪʧ dɪz ˌrikˈwaɪər ˈpipəl ər æt list səm fɔrm əv ˈvɛndɪŋ məˈʃin.) ðɪs ɪz ə dəˈləks rum, ənd ɪt ʃʊr ˈdəzənt lʊk ˈbəʤɪt. (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: hoʊˈtɛl) ɪn jʊr rum, ðɛrz ə kjut ˈtɔkɪŋ dɑl neɪmd ɔn ðə ˈbɛdˌsaɪd ˈteɪbəl ðət teɪks jʊr ˌɪnˈstrəkʃənz, ər ju kən ˈɛnər ðɛm baɪ ˈtæblət. ðæts ə ˈfænsi weɪ tɪ stɔr ə bæg. (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: hoʊˈtɛl) ənd ɪf ju əraɪv ˌbiˈfɔr taɪm, ən ˈroʊˌbət wɪl pʊt jʊr bæg ɪn ə ˈlɑkər fər ju (ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ju ˈpʊtɪŋ ə kɔɪn ˈɪntu ə ˈlɑkər.) ðɛrz noʊ ˈmɛnʃən əv ðoʊz ˈəðər hoʊˈtɛl ˈfəŋkʃənz ðət ər soʊ ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt, laɪk ˈklinɪŋ ðə rumz ər ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ðə ˈbɛdɪŋ. ðɛr maɪt bi ə flit əv ˈrənɪŋ əraʊnd, ənd pərˈhæps səm ˈsɪriəs ˌroʊˈbɑtɪk bed-changer*. ðeɪ maɪt ˈivɪn juz ˈstivən aɪˈdiə. bət ju si ɪt; ðeɪ klin ðə rumz ər ʧeɪnʤ ðə ʃits ənˈlɛs jʊr steɪɪŋ fər ˈsɛvən deɪz. ə ˈbəʤɪt hoʊˈtɛl ˈæftər ɔl. (ðeɪ du ʧeɪnʤ ðə taʊəlz wəns ə deɪ nən əv ðət seɪv ðə ˈplænət stəf. noʊ wərd ɔn ˈwɛðər ðeɪ ər dɪˈlɪvərd baɪ ˈroʊˌbəts.) ɪts meɪd əv səˈsteɪnəbəl wʊd. (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: hoʊˈtɛl) ɪt ɔl gɪts məʧ mɔr ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ wɪn ju gɪt bɪɔnd ðə ˈroʊˌbəts ənd si wəts ˈrɪli goʊɪŋ ɔn hir. ðə hoʊˈtɛl ɪz dɪˈzaɪnd baɪ læb, ðə ˈɪnstɪˌtut əv ˌɪnˈdəstriəl saɪəns, ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈtoʊkiˌoʊ ənd ˌkɑˈʤimə ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən wɪθ ən æmˈbɪʃəs ˈproʊˌgræm: ðə ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən əv kənˈstrəkʃən ˈmɛθədz ɪkˈspændəbəl tɪ ðə wərld, ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ rɪˈdus kənˈstrəkʃən kɔsts ðə ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən əv ɔtəˈmeɪʃən ənd ˈsərvɪs ˈroʊˌbəts eɪmd tɪ rɪˈdus ˈleɪbər kɔsts ənd seɪv ˈɛnərʤi ðə ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən əv ˈsoʊlər paʊər ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ðə ˌsɛlfsəˈfɪʃənˌsi reɪt əv fjuəl ənd laɪt ɪkˈspɛnsɪz ˈreɪˌdiənt ˈpænəlz. haʊ ðiz wərk ˈmɛrɪts ə hoʊl ˈəðər poʊst. (ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: hoʊˈtɛl) ɪts bɪlt aʊt əv maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈbɪldɪŋ məˈtɪriəlz, krɔs ˈlæməˌneɪtəd ˈtɪmbər, meɪd frəm ˈhɑrvəstɪd wʊd wɪθ səm stil ˈfreɪmɪŋ. ðɪs ɪz ə fɔrm əv ˈpriˈfæb ðət əˈlaʊd ən æmˈbɪʃəs ˈtaɪmˌteɪbəl: ðeɪ stɑrt kənˈstrəkʃən ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri ənd ˈoʊpən ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ. ɪt həz ən ˈɪnəˌveɪtɪv ˈhitɪŋ ˈsɪstəm ˈjuzɪŋ ˈreɪˌdiənt ˈpænəlz ˌɪnˈstɛd əv kənˈvɛnʃənəl ɛr kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ, wɪʧ ɪz ə ˈkɑmpləˌkeɪtəd ˈstɔri ɪn ˌɪtˈsɛlf. ðə ril ˈpərpəs əv ðə ˈroʊˌbəts: fən. wi wɔnt tɪ prəˈvaɪd ə ˈplɛzənt ənd ˈkəmfərtəbəl hoʊˈtɛl tɪ steɪ ɪn, æt ə mɔr ˈrizənəbəl praɪs. waɪl ɪkˈwɪpɪŋ ˈmɑdərn facilities”*” ðət ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈfrɛndli tɪ ðə ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt, wi wɪʃ tɪ brɪŋ ““fun”*” ðət wɪl ɪnˈkərəʤ ˈpipəl tɪ ˈvɪzɪt, ənd ˈɔlsoʊ wɪʃ tɪ kriˈeɪt ˈlæstɪŋ ˈmɛməriz. ʤəˈpæn həz ə ˈræpədli ˈdiˌkrisɪŋ ənd ˈeɪʤɪŋ ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən, ənd ˈvɛri riˈstrɪktɪv ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən ˈpɑləsiz, soʊ ðɛr ər nɑt ə lɔt əv ˈpipəl tɪ wərk ɪn hoʊˈtɛlz. dɪˈzaɪnz ənd ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ plænz ðət rɪˈdus ˈleɪbər ˈdʊrɪŋ kənˈstrəkʃən ənd ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ər ðə fˈjuʧər əv hoʊˈtɛlz hir. ðə ˈroʊˌbəts ər kjut ənd fən. bət ðə ril ˈstɔri hir ɪz haʊ ðɛr ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈkɑnsɛpt, haʊ ðeɪ hæv "ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪd ɪkˈsɛsɪv ˈsərvɪsɪz ənd əˈmɛnətiz, ənd riˈθɔt wət fəˈsɪlɪtiz ər ˈtruli ˈnɛsəˌsɛri ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ steɪ." ðɪs ɪz wɛr ðə hoʊˈtɛl ˈbɪznɪs ɪz goʊɪŋ. soʊ smaɪl æt ðə ˈdinoʊ ˈroʊˌbət waɪl ju kən ˈəðər ʧeɪnz ˈivɪn gɪv ju ðət. ənd hɪrz ə ˈvɪdioʊ frəm ðə ˈgɑrdiən: rɪˈleɪtɪd ɪn ənd treehugger*: aɪ, fər wən, ˈwɛlkəm ðə nu ˈroʊˌbət hoʊˈtɛl stæf æt ʤəˈpænz hoʊˈtɛl ˈæˌkʧuəli, ðɛrz ə lɔt goʊɪŋ ɔn hir ˌbiˈsaɪdz ðə ˈsɪli ˈroʊˌbəts.

all the webs are going on about the new henn-na hotel that just opened for business at the huis ten bosch amusement park with an “eco-friendly future city” theme in the nagasaki prefecture. (shea covered the original announcement here.) the hotel is pitched as being run by robots, and what’s not to love about the talking dinosaur that greets english-speaking guests? but there's a lot going on here beyond the silly robots — which is a good thing, because all the robots are doing things that are pretty much history in any budget business hotel. so why do the foreigners get the dinosaur? (photo: henn-na hotel) i suppose they want a scary dinosaur staff member to deal with the gai-jin or foreigners; meanwhile, japanese guests interact with a polite young woman robot. (or, you could just check in on the computer like many hotels do.) hmm, how do you tip a robot bellhop? batteries? (photo: henn-na hotel) then there is the bellhop, a computerized trolley that carries your bag to your room. (except this seems to be more for show — and frankly, more trouble than just pulling out the handle on your rolling bag and pulling it yourself. slow and you have to sort of program it to where you want to go.) let's hope it works better than my iphone's fingerprint recognition. (photo: henn-na hotel) room entry is gained by facial recognition. "this allows for smart entry in the room by eliminating the handing over and carrying of keys." (which does require people or at least some form of vending machine.) this is a deluxe room, and it sure doesn't look budget. (photo: henn-na hotel) in your room, there's a cute talking doll named chu-ri-robo on the bedside table that takes your instructions, or you can enter them by tablet. that's a fancy way to store a bag. (photo: henn-na hotel) and if you arrive before check-in time, an industrial-looking robot will put your bag in a locker for you (instead of you putting a coin into a locker.) there's no mention of those other hotel functions that are so important, like cleaning the rooms or changing the bedding. there might be a fleet of roombas running around, and perhaps some serious robotic bed-changer. they might even use steven johnson’s continue-sheet idea. but you won’t see it; they don’t clean the rooms or change the sheets unless you're staying for seven days. a budget hotel after all. (they do change the towels once a day — none of that save the planet stuff. no word on whether they are delivered by robots.) it's made of sustainable wood. (photo: henn-na hotel) it all gets much more interesting when you get beyond the robots and see what's really going on here. the hotel is designed by kawazoe lab, the institute of industrial science, university of tokyo and kajima corporation with an ambitious program: the implementation of construction methods expandable to the world, intended to reduce construction costs the implementation of automation and service robots aimed to reduce labor costs and save energy the implementation of solar power intended to improve the self-sufficiency rate of fuel and light expenses radiant panels. how these work merits a whole other post. (photo: henn-na hotel) it's built out of my favorite building materials, cross laminated timber, made from sustainably harvested wood with some steel framing. this is a form of prefab that allowed an ambitious timetable: they start construction in january and open in july. it has an innovative heating system using radiant panels instead of conventional air conditioning, which is a complicated story in itself. the real purpose of the robots: fun. we want to provide a pleasant and comfortable hotel to stay in, at a more reasonable price. while equipping modern “smart facilities” that is also friendly to the environment, we wish to bring “fun” that will encourage people to visit, and also wish to create lasting memories. japan has a rapidly decreasing and aging population, and very restrictive immigration policies, so there are not a lot of people to work in hotels. designs and operating plans that reduce labor during construction and operation are the future of hotels here. the robots are cute and fun. but the real story here is how they're looking at the entire concept, how they have "eliminated excessive services and amenities, and rethought what facilities are truly necessary in order to stay." this is where the hotel business is going. so smile at the dino robot while you can — other chains won’t even give you that. and here's a video from the guardian: related in mnn and treehugger: i, for one, welcome the new robot hotel staff at japan's henn-na hotel actually, there's a lot going on here besides the silly robots.

ə ˈsərˌveɪ əv reɪl ˈtaɪmˌteɪbəlz baɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk ˈtrænspɔrt ˈjuzərz əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən (ptua*) həz faʊnd ðət ˈmɛlbərn treɪnz stɑrt ˈleɪtər ɔn ˈsənˌdiz ðən ˈɛni ˈəðər ˈsɪti ɪn ɔˈstreɪljə. ˈspoʊkspərsən ˈdænjəl boʊən sɛd ðə kəmˈpɛrəsən əv ˈtaɪmˌteɪbəlz frəm ˈædəˌleɪd, ˈbrɪzˌbeɪn, pərθ, ˈsɪdni ənd ˈmɛlbərn ʃoʊd wi ər ˈlægɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd. taɪm wi lʊkt æt treɪnz ˈstɑrtɪd ˈleɪtər ðən ɑrz. θæŋks tɪ ˈsərvɪs ˈəpˌgreɪdz, ðeɪ naʊ bit ˈjuˈɛs. fækt ɑr treɪnz naʊ əraɪv ˈleɪtər ðən ðeɪ dɪd ɪn 2011 goʊɪŋ backwards.”*.” 2 ðə ˈmidiən taɪm əv fərst treɪnz ˈriʧɪŋ ðə ɔn ˈsənˌdiz ər ˈsɪdni 5:21am*, ˈfɑloʊd baɪ ˈbrɪzˌbeɪn pərθ ˈædəˌleɪd ənd. baɪ kəmˈpɛrəsən, fərst treɪnz ɔn ˈwikˌdeɪz ənd ˈsætərdiz əraɪv ɪn ðə baɪ 5:30am*. ˈkɔzɪz ril ˈprɑbləmz. ˈwərkərz wɪθ ˈərli ʃɪfts ɪn ðə ˈsɪti faɪnd ðeɪ gɪt ðɛr baɪ ˈpəblɪk ˈtrænspɔrt, ənd hæv tɪ draɪv ər peɪ fər ə ˈtæksi. əv ˈpipəl ˈreɪsɪŋ ɪn fən rənz ər kənˈtɪnjuəli toʊld ðət ðeɪ juz ˈpəblɪk ˈtrænspɔrt tɪ gɪt ðɛr ɪn taɪm ˈivɪn wɪn ðeɪ stɑrt ɪn ər nɪr ðə ˈsɛntər əv ðoʊz traɪɪŋ tɪ meɪk treɪn ənd pleɪn kəˈnɛkʃənz hæv ˈprɑbləmz. ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ kæʧ ˈsənˌdi ˈmɔrnɪŋ treɪn tɪ ˈælbɛri æt 7:05am*, ju ˈæˌkʧuəli gɪt tɪ ˈsəðərn krɔs baɪ treɪn bi ˈɔlˌmoʊst ən aʊər ˈleɪbər həz plɛʤd treɪnz ɔn ˈwiˌkɛndz, wɪʧ wʊd min ˈərliər treɪnz ɔn ˈsənˌdiz, ðoʊ bɪˈlivd ðiz wʊd ˈoʊnli rən ˈaʊrli. ɪn ˈkɑntræst ðə ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən əˈpɪr tɪ hæv noʊ plænz æt ɔl tɪ stɑrt ˈsənˌdi treɪnz ˈərliər ɪn ðə deɪ. ˈmɪstər boʊən sɛd ðət ˈstɑrtɪŋ treɪnz æt list 90 ˈmɪnəts ˈərliər ɔn ˈsənˌdiz ənd ˈrənɪŋ ðɛm mɔr ˈfrikwɛntli wʊd nɑt breɪk ðə bæŋk, ənd wʊd meɪk ˈpəblɪk ˈtrænspɔrt ən ˈɔpʃən fər mɔr ˈsənˌdi ˈmɔrnɪŋ trɪps. taɪm boʊθ saɪdz əv ˈpɑləˌtɪks kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ ˈbrɪŋɪŋ treɪnz ˈɪntu ðə ˈsɛnʧəri, wɪθ ˈtaɪmˌteɪbəlz ðət mit ðə nidz əv ðə moʊst city”*”, kənˈkludɪd ˈmɪstər boʊən. 1 2011 kəmˈpɛrəsən: ˈsənˌdi treɪnz əraɪv leɪt 2 ðə ˈmidiən taɪm fər ˈmɛlbərn trains’*’ fərst ərˈaɪvəl ɪn 2011 wɑz ðɪs həz slɪpt bæk tɪ du tɪ ˈtaɪmˌteɪbəl əˈʤəstmənts. 3 ˈrisənt ənd ˈkəmɪŋ ˈmeɪʤər fən rən ɪˈvɛnts hæv ˌɪnˈkludɪd ðə ˈmɛlbərn ˈmɛrəˌθɑn (frəm 7am*, ˈsənˌdi ðə spərɪŋ ˈɪntu ʃeɪp ˈsɪriz (frəm ɔn ˈsənˌdiz ənd ðə (frəm 8am*, ˈsənˌdi ənd ðə fən rən (frəm 7:30am*, ˈsənˌdi 4 ˈtaɪmˌteɪbəlz si ˈɔlsoʊ: ðə eɪʤ treɪnz stɑrt ˈleɪtər ɔn ˈsənˌdi ðən ˈɛni ˈəðər ɔˈstreɪljən ˈsɪti

a survey of rail timetables by the public transport users association (ptua) has found that melbourne trains start later on sundays than any other city in australia. ptua spokesperson daniel bowen said the comparison of timetables from adelaide, brisbane, perth, sydney and melbourne showed we are lagging behind. “last time we looked at this[1], adelaide’s trains started later than ours. thanks to service upgrades, they now beat us. “in fact our trains now arrive later than they did in 2011. we’re going backwards.” [2] the median time of first trains reaching the cbd on sundays are sydney 5:21am, followed by brisbane 6:39, perth 7:44, adelaide 7:49 and melbourne’s 7:57am. by comparison, melbourne’s first trains on weekdays and saturdays arrive in the cbd by 5:30am. “this causes real problems. workers with early shifts in the city find they can’t get there by public transport, and have to drive or pay for a taxi. “thousands of people racing in fun runs are continually told that they can’t use public transport to get there in time – even when they start in or near the centre of melbourne.[3] “even those trying to make train and plane connections have problems. if you want to catch v/line’s sunday morning train to albury at 7:05am, you can’t actually get to southern cross by train – you’d be almost an hour late.”[4] labor has pledged all-night trains on weekends, which would mean earlier trains on sundays, though believed these would only run hourly. in contrast the coalition appear to have no plans at all to start sunday trains earlier in the day. mr bowen said that starting melbourne’s trains at least 90 minutes earlier on sundays and running them more frequently would not break the bank, and would make public transport an option for more sunday morning trips. “it’s time both sides of politics committed to bringing melbourne’s trains into the 21st century, with timetables that meet the needs of the world’s most liveable city”, concluded mr bowen. * * * [1] 2011 comparison: melbourne’s sunday trains arrive late [2] the median time for melbourne trains’ first cbd arrival in 2011 was 7:56. this has slipped back to 7:57am due to timetable adjustments. [3] recent and coming major fun run events have included the melbourne marathon (from 7am, sunday 12/10/2014), the spring into shape series (from 8:10am on sundays 21/9/2014, 26/10/2014 and 23/11/2014), the city2sea (from 8am, sunday 16/11/2014), and the sussan women’s fun run (from 7:30am, sunday 7/12/2014). [4] v/line timetables see also: the age 23/11/2014: melbourne’s trains start later on sunday than any other australian city

ˈbəmbəl, ðə ˈpɑpjələr ˈmoʊbəl ˈdeɪtɪŋ æp wɛr gərlz hæv tɪ meɪk ðə fərst muv, həz ˈfaɪnəli drɑpt ɪts ˈænˌdrɔɪd ˈvərʒən. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni həz bɪn ˈtizɪŋ ðə riˈlis fər mənθs ənd ˈfaɪnəli hir, ʤɪst ə fju deɪz ˈæftər ðə ˈwənˌjɪr ˌænəˈvərsəri əv wɪn ˈbəmbəl wɛnt lɪv ɔn ˈioʊs. tɔkt əˈbaʊt ˈræpɪd groʊθ reɪt ˌbiˈfɔr, ənd ɪt simz laɪk ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ɪz stɪl ɔn ə roʊl. ˈwɪtni wʊlf, ˈkoʊˈfaʊndər ənd ˈsiˌiˈoʊ əv ˈbəmbəl, sɛd ðət sin ɛz haɪ ɛz 65 pərˈsɛnt groʊθ, ənd mɔr ðən 80 ˈmɪljən ˈmæʧɪz meɪd baɪ ˈjuzərz. ðiz stæts ˈtrænsˌleɪts ˈɪntu tu ˈmɪljən swaɪps baɪ bɔɪz ənd gərlz iʧ aʊər, ənd ˈoʊvər ˈmæʧɪz iʧ aʊər. ˈmɛni ˈwəndərd wɪn ˈbəmbəl lɔnʧt ɪf ɪt wʊd bi ˈhɪndərd baɪ ɪts rɪkˈwaɪrmənt, bət ɪt simz ðət ðə riˈstrɪkʃən həz ˈæˌkʧuəli hɛlpt groʊθ waɪl ˈkipɪŋ əˈbjuz ˈrɛlətɪvli loʊ. soʊ wət kəmz nɛkst fər ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˌbiˈsaɪdz traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈɑnˌbɔrd ə swɔrm əv nu ˈænˌdrɔɪd ˈjuzərz? ˈbəmbəl həz sɛd ðeɪ ər naʊ bɪˈgɪnɪŋ tɪ ɪkˈspænd ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, ˈstɑrtɪŋ wɪθ ɔˈstreɪljə, fræns, brəˈzɪl, ənd speɪn ðɪs mənθ. ˈbəmbəl fər ˈænˌdrɔɪd ɪz aʊt naʊ, ənd kən bi ˈdaʊnˌloʊdɪd frəm ðə ˈgugəl pleɪ stɔr.

bumble, the popular mobile dating app where girls have to make the first move, has finally dropped its long-requested android version. the texas-based company has been teasing the release for months and finally here, just a few days after the one-year anniversary of when bumble went live on ios. we’ve talked about bumble’s rapid growth rate before, and it seems like the company is still on a roll. whitney wolfe, cofounder and ceo of bumble, said that they’ve seen as high as 65 percent month-over-month growth, and more than 80 million matches made by users. these stats translates into two million swipes by boys and girls each hour, and over 100,000 girl-initiated matches each hour. many wondered when bumble launched if it would be hindered by its girls-first requirement, but it seems that the restriction has actually helped growth while keeping abuse relatively low. so what comes next for the company besides trying to onboard a swarm of new android users? bumble has said they are now beginning to expand outside the united states, starting with australia, france, brazil, and spain this month. bumble for android is out now, and can be downloaded from the google play store.

ðə mɪˈstɪriəs ˈvɪktər strænd bɪˈkeɪm ə ˈbreɪˌkaʊt ˈkɛrɪktər wɪn hi əraɪvd nɪr ðə ɛnd əv fɪr ðə ˈwɔkɪŋ fərst ˈsizən, ənd hi wɪl pruv tɪ bi ə ˈpɪvətəl ˈkɛrɪktər wɪn hi brɪŋz ɑr bænd əv sərˈvaɪvərz aʊt əv hɪz boʊt, ˈæbəˌgeɪl, tɪ ɪˈskeɪp ðə ˈzɑmbi əˈpɑkəˌlɪps ˈkərəntli leɪɪŋ weɪst tɪ lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs. wi spoʊk tɪ ðə mæn hu pleɪz strænd, ˈkoʊlmən dəˈmɪŋgoʊ, əˈbaʊt wət tɪ ɪkˈspɛkt ɪn ˈsizən 2 ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt ˈwikli: ju keɪm ɔn ˈvɛri leɪt ɪn ˈsizən 1 bət ˈɛvriˌwən wɑz ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˌɪnˈtrigd baɪ ðɪs ˈkɛrɪktər. ˈkoʊlmən dəˈmɪŋgoʊ: əv kɔrs, bɪˈkəz aɪ keɪm ɪn soʊ leɪt ɪn ðə geɪm ənd ˈvɛri mɪˈstɪriəs ənd ɔl ðiz kˈwɛsʧənz, laɪk, hu ɪz ðɪs dud? waɪ ɪz hi ˈwɛrɪŋ ə rælf ˈlɔrən sut ɪn ðɪs keɪʤ? hi duɪŋ hir, ənd waɪ ɪz hi soʊ əˈmeɪzɪŋ wɪθ ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ənd ˈdɛsəˌmeɪtɪŋ groʊn mɛn tɪ tɪrz? ðɛn, wət dɪz hi wɔnt wɪθ nɪk? soʊ, ðɛr ər ɔl ðiz kˈwɛsʧənz sˈwərlɪŋ əraʊnd. soʊ, aɪ θɪŋk ðə ˈmoʊmənt ˈvɪktər strænd ˈɛnərd, ðɛr wər ʤɪst ə lɔt əv kˈwɛsʧənz ˈpɑpɪŋ ɔf. ənd ˈvɪktər strænd simd tɪ bi əˈhɛd əv ðə geɪm ɪn səm weɪ, ənd hi ʤɪst simd ˈrɪli ˈstɛlθi ənd smɑrt, ənd ju tɛl ˈwɛðər ər nɑt gʊd, ər bæd, ər ˈbjutəfəl, ər ˈsɛksi, ər ˈhɪdiəs. wət wɑz ðə dɪˈskrɪpʃən ðət ðə deɪv ˈɛrɪksən geɪv ju ɔn ðɪs gaɪ wɪn ju wər kæst? hi ʤɪst toʊld mi hi wɑz ə mɪˈstɪriəs gaɪ ənd ˈæfluənt ənd ðət hi həz ə lɔt əv mɪˈstɪriəs θɪŋz ðət wɪl kəm əp ɪn hɪz ðət wɪl ˈhoʊpfəli tɛl ˈpipəl ə bɪt mɔr əˈbaʊt hɪz ˈkɛrɪktər ənd waɪ ðə weɪ hi ɪz. aɪ θɪŋk ðə bɪg kˈwɛʃən frəm ˈsizən 1 ɪz, ɪz hi ʤɪst ɪn ɪt fər hɪmˈsɛlf? dɪz hi gɪv ə kræp əˈbaʊt ˈəðər ˈpipəl? ər ɪz ɪt ˈoʊnli əˈbaʊt haʊ ðeɪ kən hɛlp ɪm əˈʧiv hɪz minz? wɛl, aɪ θɪŋk ðə stɪl aʊt, ˈæˌkʧuəli, ənd aɪ θɪŋk ðət keɪs baɪ keɪs. ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz, ənd hi dilz ɪn blæk ənd waɪt. nɑt ˈrɪli greɪ. soʊ aɪ θɪŋk ðət hi wɪl lʊk ənd əˈsɛs ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ənd meɪk ə dɪˈsɪʒən ɪn ðət ˈmoʊmənt, beɪst ɔn wət ɪz fər ðə bɛst, ˈwɛðər fər hɪmˈsɛlf ər ˈwɛðər fər ˈɛvriˌwən ɛls. ənd stɪl ənˈsərtən. hi sim laɪk ə gaɪ goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈsækrəˌfaɪs hɪmˈsɛlf fər ˈəðər ˈpipəl. wɛl, hi kʊd, ju ˈnɛvər noʊ. ɪf ðɛr ɪz ə pɔɪnt tɪ ɔl əv ɪt, aɪ θɪŋk hi wʊd pʊt hɪmˈsɛlf ɔn ðə laɪn ɪf hi θɔt, ˌoʊˈkeɪ, wət ɪz ðə bɛst θɪŋ tɪ du? wət ɪz ðə bɛst ɪn ðɪs sɪˈnɛrioʊ? hi ˈrɪli ʤɪst weɪz ðə proʊz ənd kɑnz əv ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ. bɪn ˈfɪlmɪŋ ɪn ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ aʊt ɪn ðɪs ˈwɔtər tæŋk ðət ʤeɪmz ˈkæmərən bɪlt fər taɪˈtænɪk. wət ɪz ɪt laɪk, ˈfɪlmɪŋ ɪn ðɪs ʤaɪənt ˈwɔtər tæŋk? wi hæv θri tæŋks. wən tæŋk aɪ ˈivɪn noʊ haʊ ˈmɛni fit dip, bət rɪˈdɪkjələs wɛr ju kən ˈæˌkʧuəli du ðə ˈəndərˌwɔtər fəˈtɑgrəfi. əˈnəðər tæŋk wɛr ðə boʊt ɪz haʊzd ənd wi kən du θɪŋz laɪk goʊ aʊt ɔn ə ˈzoʊdiˌæk ər ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk ðət ənd kəm bæk ɪn, wɪʧ ɪz ˈrɪli kul. æt fərst wi θɔt, ər wi goʊɪŋ tɪ nid ˈdræməˌmin ənd θɪŋz laɪk ðət? ənd wi ˈrɪli. ðə boʊt ɪz ɪn θri ər fɔr pɑrts, ɔl ˈoʊvər. səm ər ɪn soundstages*. ðə ˈmeɪʤər pɑrt əv ɪt ɪz ɔn ðə tæŋk, ənd ju kən si ðə hərˈaɪzən laɪn, wɪʧ ɪz ˈrɪli kul. wi ˈrɪli du kæʧ ə ˈsənˌraɪz ənd ə ˈsənˌsɛt ˈɛvəri deɪ. fər wərk, kaɪnd əv ˌɪnˈseɪn ənd ˈbjutəfəl. ənd ðɛn ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈrɛdi fər ə ˌmɑrgərˈitə, bɪˈkəz ju ər ɪn ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ ənd wət ɛls ər ju səˈpoʊzd tɪ du, ju noʊ? ju ˈmɛnʃənd ˈdræməˌmin. ər ju ə gaɪ ðət gɪts ˈsiˌsɪk? wɑz ðət ə kənˈsərn əv jʊrz? aɪ noʊ ðət kɪm ˈdɪkənz wɑz ˈwərid. ʃi gɑt ˈsəmθɪŋ frəm hər ˈdɔktər ʤɪst tɪ meɪk ʃʊr. ənd aɪ θɔt, nɑt ʃʊr, teɪk ɪt ɛz ɪt kəmz. aɪ hæd tɪ goʊ du səm jɑt ˈtreɪnɪŋ, ˈæˌkʧuəli, ɪn sæn diˈeɪgoʊ, soʊ aɪ nu ɪgˈzæktli wət aɪ wɑz duɪŋ. fər ðə fərst taɪm, aɪ θɔt, oʊ, ðɪs ɪz kul, aɪ kʊd ˈrɪli gɪt ˈɪntu ˈhævɪŋ ə boʊt. dɪd ju noʊ wɪn ju fərst ˈstɑrtɪd ðət ˈæbəˌgeɪl wɑz ə boʊt? wɪn ju rɛd jʊr fərst skrɪpt, dɪd ju noʊ ðət ər nɑt? noʊ. aɪ noʊ wət ˈæbəˌgeɪl wɑz, ɪgˈzæktli, ənˈtɪl aɪ rɛd ðə nɛkst ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd. ənd ðɛn stɪl ˈfɪgjər aʊt hu ˈæbəˌgeɪl ɪz neɪmd ˈæftər, wɪʧ wɪl bi kaɪnd əv kul, ɪn ˈsizən 2 raɪt? wi noʊ goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ə bɪg ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ˈsizən 1 ənd ˈsizən 2 ʤɪst bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˈwɔtər. ər ðɛr ˈɛni ˈəðər ˈdɪfərənsɪz ɪn ðə ˈsizən, ɪn tərmz əv toʊn ər peɪs ər ə lɔt nu ˈkɛrɪktərz ˈkəmɪŋ ɪn ər ˈɛniˌθɪŋ laɪk ðət? wi hæv ə hoʊl lɔt əv nu ˈkɛrɪktərz ˈkəmɪŋ ɪn, ə lɔt əv gɛsts. ənd ˈɔlsoʊ, aɪ noʊ ðət ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈkɑmɛnt əv læst ˈsizən wɑz ðət ðə ˈpeɪsɪŋ wɑz ˈvɛri sloʊ bɪˈkəz ɪt wɑz ˈbɪldɪŋ ˈkɛrɪktər ənd riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps ənd ˈfæməli. bət naʊ, wɪn aɪ tɛl ju ɪt ɪz əp, ˈɛvəri ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd ɪz ˈɛpɪk. aɪ swɛr tɪ ju. ˈɛvəri taɪm aɪ ˈoʊpən əp ən ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd, laɪk, ju ˈkɪdɪŋ? ər wi goʊɪŋ tɪ du ɔl ðət? goʊɪŋ tɪ ʃut ɔl ðət ɪn eɪt days?”*?” soʊ məʧ goʊɪŋ ɔn, bɪˈkəz hir wi ər ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ðɪs əˈpɑkəˌlɪps, ənd gɑt tɪ goʊ. goʊ, goʊ, goʊ, goʊ, goʊ, goʊ, ənd ðɛr ər ɪˈnɔrmɪs ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ənd ʃɪfts ɪn ˈkɛrɪktər, ˌpərsəˈnælɪti, ˈvɛri kˈwɪkli. soʊ, hɛdz ər goʊɪŋ tɪ spɪn. ənd ðə weɪ ðə ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz ər ˈrɪtən, ˈvɛri ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl, bɪˈkəz ju ˈrɪli ər ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈʧælənʤɪz əv hu wi ər ɛz ˈjumənz ɛz wi dil wɪθ ən əˈpɑkəˌlɪps. ənd ˈɑnəstli, aɪ wɑz ɔn ə pleɪn wəns [ˈrɛdɪŋ ə skrɪpt], aɪ θɪŋk ɪt wɑz ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd 2 wɛr aɪ ˈæˌkʧuəli hæd tɪ tərn tɪ ðə saɪd bɪˈkəz aɪ wɑz ˈsɑbɪŋ bɪˈkəz ɪt wɑz ðət ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl. soʊ, aɪ θɪŋk ðeɪ ər ˈreɪzɪŋ ðə bɑr, əˈgɛn. ðət wɑz ðə əˈtɛmpt wɪθ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ wɪθ loʊˈkeɪʃən, wɪθ ˈkæstɪŋ, ˈɛtˈsɛtərə. ʤɪst ˈteɪkɪŋ ɪt əp ə nɑʧ. ɪn ðə ˈtreɪlər, wi si ˈprɑbləmz ɔn boʊθ lænd ənd æt si. mɔr ˈdeɪnʤərəs aʊt ðɛr? ˈpipəl. ˌoʊˈkeɪ, soʊ mɔr ˈdeɪnʤərəs ðiz deɪz, ˈpipəl ər ˈzɑmbiz? ə greɪt kˈwɛʃən, aɪ θɪŋk ðət frəm ˈvɪktər pɔɪnt əv vju, ðə ˈgreɪtəst ˈdeɪnʤər ɪz ˈpipəl. bɪˈkəz ju hæv tɪ wɔʧ ˈɛvriˌwən ju keɪm ɔn ðɪs boʊt wɪθ. ju hæv tɪ wɔʧ ðɛm naʊ, bɪˈkəz ˈʃɪftɪŋ ənd ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ. ənd ju hæv tɪ lʊk æt jʊr ˈfæməli, ju hæv tɪ lʊk æt jʊr frɛndz. ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ haʊ ðə ˈɪʃuz reɪzd ɪn ə ʃoʊ əˈbaʊt ˈzɑmbiz kən ˈrɛzəˌneɪt wɪθ wət ɪz ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈhæpənɪŋ ɪn ɑr soʊˈsaɪɪti. ju kʊd lʊk ɪn ɑr soʊˈsaɪɪti naʊ, wɛr ju hæv ðoʊz ˈmɔrəl kˈwɛsʧənz əv ðɛr biɪŋ ˈəðər ˈpipəl ðət ər ˈsəfərɪŋ, ənd ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈrɪli hɑrd taɪm. ˈmeɪbi gɑt ə ˈlɪtəl mɔr ˈkəmfərt ənd ˈseɪfti. du aɪ hɛlp ðiz ˈpipəl, ər dɪz ðət pʊt mi ɪn ˈʤɛpərdi ənd rɪsk? aɪ ˌɪˈmæʤən biɪŋ ɔn ə boʊt, ənd ðɛn wən ʃɑt ɪn ðə ˈtreɪlər wɪθ ˈpipəl ˈæskɪŋ fər ˈrɛskju hɛlp. du ju hɛlp ðiz ˈpipəl ər nɑt? aɪ hæv tɪ əˈsum goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ə bɪg ˈmɔrəl ˈɪʃu goʊɪŋ tɪ lʊk æt. ðət ɪz ə juʤ ˈmɔrəl ˈɪʃu. aɪ ləv ðət wət deɪv ˈɛrɪksən wɑz ˈvɛri ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn wɪθ ðɪs ˈsɪriz ɪz ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ klæs. bɪˈkəz nɑt ˈweɪkɪŋ əp ɪn rɪk grimes’*’ ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri. stɪl ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ hu wi ər, ənd ˈvɪktər strænd hoʊldz ðə kiz ɪn ˈmɛni weɪz. ðɪs ˈwɛlθi mæn, ənd ɔn hɪz boʊt, ənd ðɛn ðɛr ər goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈʧælənʤɪz ɪn ˈwɛðər ər nɑt hi kən stɪl meɪnˈteɪn ðət ˈlɛvəl. bɪˈkəz ðɪs ɪz hɪz, ənd ˈoʊnɪŋ ðiz θɪŋz, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ðə rulz hæv ˈʃɪftɪd. ənd soʊ, ðɛr ɪz noʊ klæs ˌɛniˈmɔr. bət du ˈpipəl noʊ ðət? stɪl ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ðə oʊld rulz. soʊ, ðɛr ər ə lɔt əv ˈʧælənʤɪz ɪn ðət weɪ, ənd goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ fər ˈpipəl tɪ ˈfɪgjər aʊt.

the mysterious victor strand became a breakout character when he arrived near the end of fear the walking dead’s first season, and he will prove to be a pivotal character when he brings our not-so-merry band of survivors out of his boat, abigail, to escape the zombie apocalypse currently laying waste to los angeles. we spoke to the man who plays strand, colman domingo, about what to expect in season 2. entertainment weekly: you came on very late in season 1, but everyone was immediately intrigued by this character. colman domingo: of course, because i came in so late in the game and i’m very mysterious and all these questions, like, who is this dude? why is he wearing a ralph lauren suit in this cage? what’s he doing here, and why is he so amazing with language and decimating grown men to tears? then, what does he want with nick? so, there are all these questions swirling around. so, i think the moment victor strand entered, there were just a lot of questions popping off. and victor strand seemed to be ahead of the game in some way, and he just seemed really stealthy and smart, and you can’t tell whether or not good, or bad, or beautiful, or sexy, or hideous. what was the description that the showrunner dave erickson gave you on this guy when you were cast? he just told me he was a mysterious guy and affluent and that he has a lot of mysterious things that will come up in his back-story that will hopefully tell people a bit more about his character and why the way he is. i think the big question from season 1 is, is he just in it for himself? does he give a crap about other people? or is it only about how they can help him achieve his means? well, i think the jury’s still out, actually, and i think that it’s case by case. dealing with the circumstances, and he deals in black and white. not really gray. so i think that he will look and assess the situation and make a decision in that moment, based on what is for the best, whether it’s for himself or whether it’s for everyone else. and that’s still uncertain. he doesn’t seem like a guy that’s going to sacrifice himself for other people. well, he could, you never know. if there is a point to all of it, i think he would put himself on the line if he thought, okay, what is the best thing to do? what is the best in this scenario? he really just weighs the pros and cons of everything. you’ve been filming in mexico out in this water tank that james cameron built for titanic. what is it like, filming in this giant water tank? we have three tanks. one tank — i don’t even know how many feet deep, but it’s ridiculous where you can actually do the underwater photography. there’s another tank where the boat is housed and we can do things like go out on a zodiac or something like that and come back in, which is really cool. at first we thought, are we going to need dramamine and things like that? and we really don’t. the boat is in three or four parts, all over. some are in soundstages. the major part of it is on the tank, and you can see the horizon line, which is really cool. we really do catch a sunrise and a sunset every day. for work, that’s kind of insane and beautiful. and then you’re always ready for a margarita, because you are in mexico and what else are you supposed to do, you know? you mentioned dramamine. are you a guy that gets seasick? was that a concern of yours? i know that kim dickens was worried. she got something from her doctor just to make sure. and i thought, i’m not sure, we’ll take it as it comes. i had to go do some yacht training, actually, in san diego, so i knew exactly what i was doing. for the first time, i thought, oh, this is cool, i could really get into having a boat. did you know when you first started that abigail was a boat? when you read your first script, did you know that or not? no. i didn’t know what abigail was, exactly, until i read the next episode. and then we’ll still figure out who abigail is named after, which will be kind of cool, in season 2, right? we know that’s going to be a big difference between season 1 and season 2 just because of the water. are there any other differences in the season, in terms of tone or pace or a lot new characters coming in or anything like that? we have a whole lot of new characters coming in, a lot of guests. and also, i know that the biggest comment of last season was that the pacing was very slow because it was building character and relationships and family. but now, when i tell you it is amped up, every episode is epic. i swear to you. every time i open up an episode, i’m like, “are you kidding? are we going to do all that? we’re going to shoot all that in eight days?” there’s so much going on, because here we are in the middle of this apocalypse, and we’ve got to go. it’s go, go, go, go, go, go, and there are enormous changes and shifts in character, personality, very quickly. so, people’s heads are going to spin. and the way the episodes are written, they’re very emotional, because you really are dealing with the challenges of who we are as humans as we deal with an apocalypse. and honestly, i was on a plane once [reading a script], i think it was episode 2, where i actually had to turn to the side because i was sobbing because it was that emotional. so, i think they are raising the bar, again. that was the attempt with everything — with location, with casting, etcetera. we’re just taking it up a notch. in the trailer, we see problems on both land and at sea. what’s more dangerous out there? people. okay, so what’s more dangerous these days, people or zombies? that’s a great question, i think that from victor strand’s point of view, the greatest danger is people. because you have to watch everyone you came on this boat with. you have to watch them now, because everyone’s shifting and changing. and you have to look at your family, you have to look at your friends. it’s interesting how the issues raised in a show about zombies can resonate with what is actually happening in our society. you could look in our society now, where you have those moral questions of there being other people that are suffering, and having a really hard time. maybe i’ve got a little more comfort and safety. do i help these people, or does that put me in jeopardy and risk? i imagine being on a boat, and then there’s one shot in the trailer with people asking for rescue help. do you help these people or not? i have to assume that’s going to be a big moral issue we’re going to look at. that is a huge moral issue. i love that what dave erickson was very interested in with this series is dealing with class. because we’re not waking up in rick grimes’ territory. we’re still dealing with who we are, and victor strand holds the keys in many ways. here’s this wealthy man, and they’re on his boat, and then there are going to be challenges in whether or not he can still maintain that level. because this is his, and owning these things, but also the rules have shifted. and so, there is no class anymore. but do people know that? they’re still dealing with the old rules. so, there are a lot of challenges in that way, and that’s going to be exciting for people to figure out.

ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ, meɪ 26 2011 ˈsɛnətər ˈbərni ˈsændərz (i-vt*) ˌɪntrəˈdust tu bɪlz ɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈsɛnɪt ðət wʊd kɔsts frəm drəg ˈpraɪsɪz. ðə bɪl neɪmz ənd ˈnəmbərz ər ɛz ˈfɑloʊz: ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən praɪz fənd ækt: ɛs. 1137 ðə praɪz fənd fər ækt: ɛs. 1138 boʊθ bɪlz wʊd ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt ɔl ˈligəl ˈbɛriərz tɪ ðə ˌmænjəˈfækʧər ənd seɪl əv ʤəˈnɛrɪk ˈvərʒənz əv drəgz ənd ˌvækˈsinz. ðə mɔr æmˈbɪʃəs bɪl ɪz ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən praɪz fənd ækt, wɪʧ wʊd əˈplaɪ tɪ ɔl prəˈskrɪpʃən drəgz. ðə ˈnɛroʊər prəˈpoʊzəl ɪz ðə praɪz fənd fər ækt, wɪʧ wʊd ˈoʊnli əˈplaɪ tɪ ˈtritmənts fər. ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən praɪz fənd wʊd kriˈeɪt ə praɪz fənd ˈikwəl əv 55 pərˈsɛnt əv ˈjuˈɛs gdp*, wɪʧ ɪz mɔr ðən 80 ˈbɪljən pər jɪr æt ˈkɑrənt ˈlɛvəlz əv juz. gdp*. ðə praɪz fənd wʊd bi ˈfəndɪd æt 02 pərˈsɛnt əv juz. gdp*, wɪʧ ɪz əˈbaʊt 3 ˈbɪljən pər jɪr æt ˈkɑrənt ˈlɛvəlz əv juz. gdp*. ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt ənd ˈpraɪvət hɛlθ ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ˈkəmpəˌniz wʊd ðə ˈpraɪzɪz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈfɔrmjələz sɛt aʊt ɪn ðə bɪlz. ðə kɔst əv ðə praɪz fəndz wʊd bi mɔr ðən ˈɔfˌsɛt baɪ ðə ˈseɪvɪŋz frəm ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən əv ʤəˈnɛrɪk ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən fər ˈprɑdəkts. boʊθ bɪlz hæv səm ˈsɪmələr ˈfiʧərz tɪ ˈsɛnətər sanders’*’ ˈərliər praɪz fənd bɪlz, bət ðɛr ər ˈɔlsoʊ ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈʧeɪnʤɪz. əˈməŋ ðoʊz ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ər ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən əv ən ˈoʊpən sɔrs ˈdɪvɪˌdɛnd ˈɛləmənt tɪ ðə bɪlz, wɪʧ wʊd hæv æt list 5 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə praɪz ˈməni goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈpərsənz ər kəmˈjunɪtiz ðət pʊt ˈnɑlɪʤ, ˈdætə, məˈtɪriəlz ər tɛkˈnɑləʤi ˈɪntu ðə ˈpəblɪk doʊˈmeɪn, ər prəˈvaɪd ˈrɔɪəlti fri ənd ˈnɑndɪˈskrɪmənəˌtɔri ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈpætənts ənd ˈəðər ˌɪnəˈlɛkʧuəl ˈprɑpərti raɪts. ˈænjuəli, ðɪs wʊd bi mɔr ðən 4 ˈbɪljən fər ɛs. 1137 ənd 147 ˈmɪljən fər ɛs. 1138 æt 2010 ˈlɛvəlz əv gdp*, ɛz ən ˌɪnˈsɛnɪv tɪ ˈoʊpən sɔrs ˈrisərʧ. boʊθ bɪlz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈpərˌmɪt ðə kriˈeɪʃən əv kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv ˌɪnərˈmidiˌɛriz tɪ ˈmænɪʤ ˈpraɪzɪz fər ˈɪnərəm tɛkˈnɑləʤiz. ðə ˌɪnərˈmidiˌɛriz wʊd bi ˌnɑnˈprɔfɪt ˈɛntɪtiz ðət kəmˈpit fər ˈfəndɪŋ frəm ˈpraɪvət ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns ˈkəmpəˌniz ðət ʃɛr ðə kɔst əv ðə praɪz fənd. ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən praɪz fənd bɪl naʊ ˌɪnˈkludz səm əˈdɪʃənəl ˈgaɪdəns rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə væljuˈeɪʃən əv ˌæntibaɪˈɑtɪks, ər ˈmɛdəsənz ənd ˌvækˈsinz juzd ɪn ˈstɑkˌpaɪlz fər ˈpəblɪk hɛlθ ˈimərʤənsiz. ðɪs ɪz ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈnəmbər 3 frəm ɛs. 1137 3 baɪ ˈrisərʧ ənd dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˌɪnˈsɪnɪvz frəm ˈprɑdəkt ˈpraɪsɪz, ənd baɪ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪŋ ˈligəl məˈnɑpəliz tɪ sɛl ˈprɑdəkts, ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ ˌɪnˈdus ˌɪnˈvɛstmənts ðət ər ˈmɛdɪkəli mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt, proʊˈkjʊr ˈprɑdəkts æt loʊ ˈpraɪsɪz frəm kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv səˈplaɪərz, ˈrædɪkli loʊər ˈpraɪsɪŋ ˈbɛriərz fər ˈækˌsɛs tɪ nu ˈmɛdəsənz, rɪˈdus ˈweɪstfəl ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ənd ˈrisərʧ ənd dɪˈvɛləpmənt ækˈtɪvɪtiz, ənd drəˈmætɪkəli loʊər ðə ˈoʊvərˌɔl kɔsts əv əkˈwaɪərɪŋ ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən, waɪl ɪkˈspændɪŋ ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðət ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən. həz ˈrɪtən ə ˈmɛˌmoʊ dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ iʧ bɪl, ɛz ə ɪn boʊθ ˈlɛtər ənd ˈsaɪzɪz. ˈoʊvərvˌju əv ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən praɪz fənd ækt (ˈlɛtər, ˈoʊvərvˌju əv ðə praɪz fənd fər ækt, (ˈlɛtər, mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən ˌɪnˈdusmənt ˈpraɪzɪz ɪz əˈveɪləbəl hir: /ˈpraɪzɪz. meɪ 27 2011 ˈkɔˌri doctorow*: ˈbərni ˈsændərz ˌɪntrəˈdusɪz bɪl, eɪmz tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs drəg məˈnɑpəliz wɪθ ˈpraɪzɪz, boingboing.com*. meɪ 27 2011 ˈrɪʧərd geɪl, ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ aɪˈdiə tɪ loʊər drəg kɔsts. ə mæn wɪθ ə ˈpiˌeɪʧˈdi. meɪ 31 2011 din ˈbeɪkər. waɪ ˈpætənts ər ə drəg ɔn ðə ˈmɑrkɪt: ˈsɛnətər ˈbərni ˈsændərz prəˈpoʊzɪz ə ˈmeɪʤər rɪˈfɔrm əv ðə weɪ wi peɪ fər prəˈskrɪpʃən drəgz ənd fənd ˈrisərʧ. ˈpætəntli raɪt, ðə ˈgɑrdiən. ˈpəblɪʃt ˈɔlsoʊ ɔn ʤun 1 2011 ɛz ˈbərni ˈsændərz traɪz səm klɪr ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ɔn prəˈskrɪpʃən drəgz, huffingtonpost.com*. ʤun 1 2011 maɪk masnick*, ˈsɛnətər ˈsændərz ˌɪntrəˈdusɪz ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən praɪz bɪlz: frəm ðə dept*, techdirt*. ʤun 2 2011 ɛd ˈsɪlvərˌmæn, ˈpraɪzɪz, nɑt ˈpætənts, fər drəg ˌdɪˈskəvri? pharmalot*.

on thursday, may 26, 2011, senator bernie sanders (i-vt) introduced two bills in the united states senate that would de-link r&d costs from drug prices. the bill names and numbers are as follows: the medical innovation prize fund act: s. 1137 the prize fund for hiv/aids act: s. 1138 both bills would eliminate all legal barriers to the manufacture and sale of generic versions of drugs and vaccines. the more ambitious bill is the medical innovation prize fund act, which would apply to all prescription drugs. the narrower proposal is the prize fund for hiv/aids act, which would only apply to treatments for hiv/aids. the medical innovation prize fund would create a prize fund equal of .55 percent of us gdp, which is more than $80 billion per year at current levels of u.s. gdp. the hiv/aid prize fund would be funded at .02 percent of u.s. gdp, which is about $3 billion per year at current levels of u.s. gdp. the federal government and private health insurance companies would co-fund the prizes, according to formulas set out in the bills. the cost of the prize funds would be more than offset by the savings from the introduction of generic competition for products. both bills have some similar features to senator sanders’ earlier prize fund bills, but there are also a number of changes. among those changes are the introduction of an open source dividend element to the bills, which would have at least 5 percent of the prize money going to persons or communities that put knowledge, data, materials or technology into the public domain, or provide royalty free and non-discriminatory access to patents and other intellectual property rights. annually, this would be more than $4 billion for s. 1137, and $147 million for s. 1138, at 2010 levels of gdp, as an incentive to open source research. both bills also permit the creation of competitive intermediaries to manage prizes for interim technologies. the intermediaries would be non-profit entities that compete for funding from private insurance companies that share the cost of the prize fund. the medical innovation prize fund bill now includes some additional guidance regarding the valuation of antibiotics, or medicines and vaccines used in stockpiles for public health emergencies. this is finding number 3 from s. 1137. (3) by de-linking research and development incentives from product prices, and by eliminating legal monopolies to sell products, it is possible to induce investments that are medically more important, procure products at low prices from competitive suppliers, radically lower pricing barriers for access to new medicines, reduce wasteful marketing and research and development activities, and dramatically lower the overall costs of acquiring innovation, while expanding access to that innovation. kei has written a memo describing each bill, formatted as a pdf in both letter and a4paper sizes. overview of the medical innovation prize fund act (letter, a4) overview of the prize fund for hiv/aids act, (letter, a4) more information on medical innovation inducement prizes is available here: /prizes. may 27, 2011. cory doctorow: bernie sanders introduces anti-pharma-patent bill, aims to replace drug monopolies with prizes, boingboing.com. may 27, 2011. richard gayle, an interesting idea to lower drug costs. a man with a phd. may 31, 2011. dean baker. why pharma’s patents are a drug on the market: senator bernie sanders proposes a major reform of the way we pay for prescription drugs and fund research. patently right, the guardian. published also on june 1, 2011, as bernie sanders tries some clear thinking on prescription drugs, huffingtonpost.com. june 1, 2011, mike masnick, senator sanders introduces medical innovation prize bills: from the alternatives-to-funding-drugs dept, techdirt. june 2, 2011, ed silverman, prizes, not patents, for drug discovery? pharmalot.

wi ʃʊd stɑrt æt ðə ɛnd, siɪŋ ɛz ðə θɪŋ ˈpipəl tɔk əˈbaʊt ðə moʊst wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈlɪtəl ʃɑp əv ˈhɔrərz. ɪn wən əv ðə moʊst ˈpisɪz əv 'lɔst ˈmuvi' lɔr, ˈmɛni əv ju wɪl ɔˈrɛdi bi əˈwɛr ðət fræŋk 1986 ˈmuvi ˌædəpˈteɪʃən əv ðə kəlt steɪʤ mˈjuzɪkəl (ˌɪtˈsɛlf ən ˌædəpˈteɪʃən əv ðə 1960 ˈikwəli kəlt ˈrɑʤər ˈkɔrmən ˈmuvi) meɪd ɪt tɪ ˈsɪnəməz ɪn dɪˈsɛmbər 1986 wɪθ ə kəmˈplitli ˈdɪfərənt ˈɛndɪŋ frəm ðə wən ðət hæd ərˈɪʤənəli bɪn ʃɑt. ˈrəðər ðən ðə blik ˈɛndɪŋ ɪn wɪʧ nərd ˈsimɔr ənd hɪz bɪˈləvəd ˈɔdri ər ˈitən baɪ ðə ˈfɪrsəm ˈɔdri plænt, wɪʧ ðɛn bridz ˈɪntu ə əv ʤaɪənt plænts ðət ˈdɑməˌneɪt ðə gloʊb, ðə əˈmɛndɪd ˈmuvi ˈɛndɪŋ ˌɪnˈstɛd siz ˈsimɔr dɪˈstrɔɪ ðə plænt ənd ˈhæpəli ˈmɛri ˈɔdri. ɪt saʊnz laɪk ˈtɪpɪkəl ˈhɑliˌwʊd ˈsænəˌtaɪzɪŋ, ənd ɪn ðə jɪrz sɪns ðə ˈmuvi wɑz riˈlist ðə ˈlɛʤənˌdɛri ˈstætəs əv ðɪs ˈɔltərˌneɪt ˈɛndɪŋ nɑt tɪ ˈmɛnʃən ðə ʃɪr əˈmaʊnt əv ˈməni ðət wɑz spɛnt ɔn ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt wɑz dɪʧt həz ˈsərtənli ˈfɑstərd ðət vju əˈməŋ səm. bət haʊ dɪd ˈlɪtəl ʃɑp əv ˈhɔrərz gɪt tɪ ðət steɪʤ? waɪ dɪd ɪt ərˈɪʤənəli hæv ðə ˈɛndɪŋ ðət ɪt dɪd, ənd waɪ dɪd ɪt ʧeɪnʤ? ənd, pərˈhæps ðə ˈbɪgəst kˈwɛʃən ðət həz həŋ ˈoʊvər ðə fɪlm ðiz pæst θri ˈdɛkeɪdz: ʃʊd ɪt hæv bɪn ʧeɪnʤd, ər nɑt? ðə ˈlɪtəl ʃɑp ˈstɔri bɪˈgɪnz wɪθ ðət 1960 ˈkɔrmən ˈmuvi, wɪʧ wɑz ˈfeɪməsli ʃɑt ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈoʊvər ʤɪst tu deɪz, wɪn ðə dɪˈrɛktər wɑz ˈgɪvɪn ˈækˌsɛs tɪ səm ˈstændɪŋ sɛts frəm ə ˈpriviəs fɪlm ʤɪst ˌbiˈfɔr ðeɪ wər pʊld daʊn. ˈrɪtən baɪ ˈkoʊhɔrt ˈʧɑrəlz bi. ˈgrɪfɪθ, ðə ˈlɪtəl ʃɑp əv ˈhɔrərz wɑz ə blæk fɑrs, ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈɔlsoʊ fər ə ˈdeɪbju əˈpɪrəns baɪ ʤæk ˈnɪkəlsən, ənd ðə fækt ðət ˈkɔrmən ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ðə fɪlm, ˈminɪŋ ðət ɪt həz bɪn ɪn ðə ˈpəblɪk doʊˈmeɪn ˈɛvər sɪns ɪts ˌɪˈnɪʃəl θiˈætrɪkəl rən. ðiz ˈlætər tu pɔɪnts meɪ hɛlp ɪkˈspleɪn waɪ ðə fɪlm bɪˈkeɪm ˈsəmθɪŋ əv ə kəlt ˈklæsɪk ɪn ðə 1970s*; ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt kwaɪt ɪkˈspleɪn waɪ ə ˈraɪtər ənd kəmˈpoʊzər pɛr neɪmd haʊərd ˈæʃmən ənd ˈælən ˈmɛŋkən ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ teɪk ðə bɪˈzɑr stɛp əv əˈdæptɪŋ ɪt ˈɪntu ə steɪʤ mˈjuzɪkəl. ˈæʃmən ənd ˈmɛŋkən wʊd goʊ ɔn tɪ hæv ˈmɛni səkˈsɛsfəl ˌkɑləbərˈeɪʃənz təˈgɛðər ˈwɪnɪŋ ˈɔskərz fər ðɛr wərk ɔn ðə ˈlɪtəl ˈmərˌmeɪd ənd ˈbjuti ənd ðə bist ˌbiˈfɔr dɛθ ɪn 1991 bət ðə ˈlɪtəl ʃɑp əv ˈhɔrərz mˈjuzɪkəl wɑz ðɛr fərst bɪg hɪt. ðə steɪʤ ʃoʊ ˈoʊpənd ɪn 1982 ɛz ən pərˈdəkʃən, ˌbiˈfɔr trænsˈfərɪŋ tɪ (ə fʊl ˈbrɔdˌweɪ ʃoʊ wɑz mooted*, bət ˈæʃmən ənd ˈmɛŋkən fɛlt ɪt wɑz tɪ ðə sˈmɔlər ˈθiətərz). wɛr ðə ərˈɪʤənəl fɪlm sɔ ðə ˈhæpləs ˈsimɔr ˌæksəˈdɛnəli ˈstəmbəl hɪz weɪ ˈɪntu ˈmərdər, ðə mˈjuzɪkəl mɔr ɪkˈsplɪsətli teɪks ɔn ðə ʃeɪp əv ðə faʊst mɪθ wɪθ ðə plænt (riˈneɪmd 'ˈɔdri' frəm ðə 'ˈɔdri jr*') ˈprɑməsɪŋ ðə ˈnərdi feɪm, ˈfɔrʧən ənd ðə ləv əv hɪz ˈjumən ˈneɪmˌseɪk ɪf hi goʊz əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈfidɪŋ ɪm. ðə mˈjuzɪkəl pleɪz fɛr baɪ ˈnɛrətɪv rulz, ɪn ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈsimɔr hɪz ˌkəˈməpəns æt ðə ɛnd. ɪn ðə steɪʤ ʃoʊ, ɛz ɪn ðə ərˈɪʤənəl fɪlm, waɪl ɑˈstɛnsəbli ðə 'ˈhɪroʊ' ˈsimɔr ɪz ə ˈlɑrʤli pəˈθɛtɪk ənd nɑt əˈspɛʃəli ˈlaɪkəbəl ˈfɪgjər. ðə ˈɔdiəns ɪz ˈðɛrˌfɔr ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd, ʤɪst laɪk ɪn faʊst, tɪ əˈpruv əv hɪz ˈdaʊnˌfɔl ˈivɪn ðoʊ, ɪn ðɪs keɪs, hɪz ˈækʃənz hæv ðə ənˈfɔrʧənət əv ənˈliʃɪŋ ə weɪv əv plænts əˈkrɔs ðə wərld. waɪl məʧ əv ðə ˈhjumər ɪn ðə ərˈɪʤənəl fɪlm hæd ərˈɪzən ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˌənɪnˈtɛnʃənəli ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ðə sˈlæpˌdæʃ pərˈdəkʃən, ˈæʃmən ənd mˈjuzɪkəl səkˈsɛsfəli blɛndz ðə dɑrk ənd blik ˈneɪʧər əv ðə ˈstɔri ənd ɪts ˈɛndɪŋ wɪθ ˈʤɔnti, ˈəpˌbit rɑk ənd mˈjuzɪkəl ˈnəmbərz ənd sərˈil gægz. ðə sɔŋz ˈʃoʊˌkeɪs ðə ˈɛfərtləs næk fər ə ˈmɛmərəbəl tun, ənd ɪt wɑz noʊ səˈpraɪz ðət ðə pleɪ wɑz ən ˌɪˈmiˌdiət hɪt, ˈwɪnɪŋ ˈsɛvərəl əˈwɔrdz ənd bɪˈkəmɪŋ wən əv ðə ənd ʃoʊz ɪn ˈhɪstəri. ˈikwəli ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl, ðɛn, wɑz ðə ˌædəpˈteɪʃən bæk tɪ ðə skrin bət ðə ˈneɪʧər ənd skeɪl əv ðə pərˈdəkʃən wər stɪl ˈsəmθɪŋ əv ə səˈpraɪz. ˈdeɪvɪd ˈgɛfən, wən əv ðə prəˈdusərz əv ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ʃoʊ, ˌɪˈnɪʃəli ˈsaʊndɪd aʊt ˈmɑrtɪn ˌskɔrˈsiz əˈbaʊt dɪˈrɛktɪŋ, bət plænz tɪ ʃut ðə fɪlm ɪn ˈəltəmətli fɛl θru, ənd ɪn ðə ɛnd fræŋk ɑz wɑz əˈproʊʧt. ə ˈbəʤɪt əv 25 ˈmɪljən pʊt ɪt təˈwɔrdz ðə tɔp ˈlɛvəl əv fɪlmz ˈwɔrnər wər riˈlisɪŋ æt ðət taɪm, ənd wɑz ən ɪˈnɔrmɪs ʃoʊ əv feɪθ ɪn ðə sɔrs məˈtɪriəl ənd ɪts əˈbɪləˌti tɪ bɪˈkəm ə ˈmeɪnˌstrim hɪt. ˌædəpˈteɪʃən skjud ˈkloʊsli tɪ ðə ərˈɪʤənəl steɪʤ ʃoʊ hɛlpt baɪ rɪˈteɪnɪŋ haʊərd ˈæʃmən ɛz ˈskrinˌraɪtər. waɪl ðə dɪˈrɛktər ˌɪˈnɪʃəli ˈstrəgəld tɪ faɪnd ə 'ˌsɪnəˈmætɪk' weɪ ˈɪntu ðə məˈtɪriəl, ðə lɑrʤ æt ˈɔfərd ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ kriˈeɪt ən ɛsˈθɛtɪk ðət wɑz θiˈætrɪkəl ɪn boʊθ ˈsɛnsɪz əv ðə wərd: ˈmərʤɪŋ boʊθ ðə steɪʤ ənd ðə skrin, wɪθ ə ˈræmˌʃækəl, ˈrənˈdaʊn ˈvɪʒən əv skɪd roʊ ˈlɪvɪŋ ðət simz tɪ ˈoʊnli ɪgˈzɪst ɪn fɪlm, pərˈzɛnəd wɪθ noʊ smɔl əˈmaʊnt əv ˈɑrtəfɪs. waɪl stɑrz səʧ ɛz ˈsɪndi ˈlaʊpər ənd (pərˈpɔrtɪˌdli) ˈbɑrbərə ˈstraɪˌsænd wər kənˈsɪdərd fər ˈɔdri, ˈɛlən grin wɑz ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd tɪ rɪˈpriz hər roʊl frəm ðə steɪʤ ʃoʊ; waɪl rɪk wɑz ən ˈərli lɑk fər ˈsimɔr. bət waɪl ðə tu lidz wʊd ɛnd əp biɪŋ wən əv ðə ˈgreɪtəst strɛŋθs, ðeɪ wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ ˈprɛzənt ɪt wɪθ wən əv ɪts ˈbɪgəst ˈprɑbləmz. wɪθ ðə ɑd ˌɔltərˈeɪʃən hir ənd ðɛr ə ˈkəpəl əv ðə ərˈɪʤənəl sɔŋz ər drɑpt, ɛz ɪz ən ɪnˈtaɪər ˈsəbplɑt əˈbaʊt əˈdɑptɪŋ ˈsimɔr ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ traɪ ənd gɪt hoʊld əv ðə raɪts tɪ ˈɔdri ðə ˈmuvi ˈfɑloʊz ðə ˈsikwəns əv ðə steɪʤ ʃoʊ ˈfeɪθfəli. əˈdɪʃənz ˌɪnˈklud ˈmæsəkɪstɪk ˈdɛntəl ˈpeɪʃənt ˈɑrθər ˈdɛntən, wɪθ bɪl ˈməri ə ˈsɪmələr roʊl tɪ ðət ərˈɪʤənəli pleɪd baɪ ˈnɪkəlsən fər ə ˈsɪŋgəl sin ɪn wɪʧ hi ðə ɪnˈtaɪərti əv hɪz ˈdaɪəˌlɔg; ənd ʤɑn ˈkændi ɪn əˈnəðər ˈmɛmərəbəl tərn ɛz ə ˈreɪdiˌoʊ dj*. min grin ˈməðər frəm ˈaʊtər speɪs, ə nu sɔŋ ˈrɪtən tɪ əˈdhɪr tɪ ˈɔskər ˌɛlɪʤəˈbɪlɪti rulz, ɪz ˈædɪd tɪ ðə ˈklaɪˌmæks (ðə sɔŋ ʃɛrz ə fju ˈɛləmənts wɪθ, ðoʊ ɪz staɪˈlɪstɪkli kwaɪt ˈdɪfərənt frəm, ə træk kɔld bæd ðət wɑz bət ˈəltəmətli drɑpt frəm ðə ərˈɪʤənəl steɪʤ ʃoʊ). ɪt wɪn, ðoʊ, ˈluzɪŋ aʊt tɪ tɔp teɪk maɪ brɛθ əˈweɪ. ənd ðɛn wi gɪt tɪ ðət ˈɛndɪŋ. ˈæʃmən ənd ɑz ʃɛrd ə ˈvɪʒən ðət ðə fɪlm ʃʊd rɪˈmeɪn ˈfeɪθfəl tɪ ðə steɪʤ ˈfɔsʧən ˌdeɪˌnuˈmɑn bət ɪn ə ˈmuvi, ðeɪ wər ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈfʊli ˈriəˌlaɪz ðə ˈhɔrər əv ðə ˈeɪliən plants’*’ ˌdɑməˈneɪʃən əv ðə wərld ˈrəðər ðən ˈmɪrli dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ ɪt ɪn sɔŋ (ðə ˈkloʊzər fid ðə plænts). ə fʊl fɪθ əv ðət 25 ˈmɪljən ˈbəʤɪt wɑz kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ ən əˈstɑnɪʃɪŋ ˈkloʊzɪŋ ˈsikwəns ðət sɔ ʤaɪˈgænɪk plænts ˈrikɪŋ ˈhævək əˈkrɔs ðə ˈsɪti əv nu jɔrk dɪˈstrɔɪɪŋ ˈmɑdəl ˈbɪldɪŋz, ənd ˈkəlməˌneɪtɪd ɪn ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈɔdri traɪˈəmfəntli ˈlæfɪŋ əˈtɑp ðə ˈstæˌʧu əv ˈlɪbərˌti. ənˈfɔrʧənətli, wɪˈθaʊt ðɛr ˈriəˌlaɪzɪŋ ɪt, ˈsəmθɪŋ ɛls hæd ˈhæpənd ˈoʊvər ðə kɔrs əv ðə fɪlm. moranis’*’ ˌɪnˈhɛrənt hæd tərnd ˈsimɔr ˈɪntu ə mɔr ˌsɪmpəˈθɛtɪk ˈkɛrɪktər; ənd hɪz ˈkɛmɪstri wɪθ ðə grin ɛz ˈɔdri mɛnt ðət ðə ˈɔdiəns riʧt ðə ˈfaɪnəl ækt ˈfʊli ˈrutɪŋ fər ðiz tu kɪdz tɪ ɪˈskeɪp ðɛr ˈtɛrəbəl ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən. ʃʊr, ˈsimɔr hæd bɪn ˈfidɪŋ ˈpipəl tɪ ə kɑrˈnɪvərəs plænt bət hi ˈæˌkʧuəli kɪl ˈiðər ˈɔrɪn ər, ənd ɪn boʊθ ˈkeɪsɪz θˈrɛtənɪŋ ɪm fərst. ənd soʊ, kəmˈplitli əˈgɛnst ðə ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz əv ɪts ˈraɪtər ənd dɪˈrɛktər, ˈlɪtəl ˈɛndɪŋ wɑz ˈətərli loʊðd baɪ ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl tɛst ˈɔdiənsəz. ˈɛvəri mˈjuzɪkəl ˈnəmbər ðɛr wɑz əˈplɔz, ðeɪ ləvd ɪt, ɪt wɑz ʤɪst fantastic,”*,” ɑz ˈleɪtər rɪˈkɔld, wi kɪld ɑr tu lidz. ənd ðɛn ðə ˈθieɪtər bɪˈkeɪm ə rɪˈfrɪʤərˌeɪtər, ən aɪs bɑks. ɪt wɑz awful.”*.” ðə skɔr kɑrdz, wɪʧ gɪv ən əˈpruvəl pərˈsɛnɪʤ beɪst ɔn ðə riˈækʃənz ˈkəmɪŋ aʊt, toʊld ə ˈsɪmələr ˈstɔri. hæv tɪ hæv ə 55 pərˈsɛnt ‘‘recommend’*’ tɪ ˈrɪli bi riˈlist... ənd wi gɑt ə 13 ɪt wɑz ə kəmˈplit disaster.”*.” ðət sæn ˌhoʊˈzeɪ ˈskrinɪŋ, aɪ æst ɪf wi kʊd traɪ wən mɔr taɪm ɪn lɑ tɪ si ɪf ðə riˈækʃən wɑz ˈdɪfərənt. wi dɪd ɪt, ənd wi gɑt ɪgˈzæktli ðə seɪm riˈækʃən: laɪk 16 pər sɛnt ər ˈsəmθɪŋ. haʊərd ənd aɪ nu wət wi hæd tɪ du: wi hæd tɪ kət ðət ˈɛndɪŋ ənd meɪk ɪt ə ˈhæpi ˈɛndɪŋ, ər ə ˈsætɪsˌfaɪɪŋ ˈɛndɪŋ. wi wɔnt tɪ, bət wi ˌəndərˈstʊd ðeɪ riˈlis ɪt wɪθ ðət kaɪnd əv ə riˈækʃən. ˈɔdiənsəz ləvd ðə tu lidz soʊ məʧ ðət wɪn wi kɪld ðɛm, ðeɪ fɛlt bereft.”*.” ənd soʊ ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈkloʊzɪŋ ˈsikwəns frəm ðə ˈmoʊmənt ˈɔdri ɪz ˈitən baɪ hər ˈneɪmˌseɪk ʤɪst praɪər tɪ min grin ˈməðər, raɪt θru tɪ ðə ˈfaɪnəl ʃɑt wɑz dɪʧt. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ˈsimɔr səkˈsɛsfəli dɪˈstrɔɪz ðə plænt æt ðə ɛnd əv ðə klaɪˈmæktɪk sɔŋ, ənd wi feɪd tɪ ə ˈsikwəns ɪn wɪʧ ðə ˈkəpəl muv ˈɪntu ðə drim haʊs ˈɔdri hæd ɛnˈvɪʒənd ˈərliər ɪn ðə fɪlm ˌɔlˈðoʊ ə ˈmaɪnər stɪŋ ɪn ðə teɪl ɛz ðə ˈfaɪnəl ʃɑt ɪz əv ə ˈtaɪni, ˈgrɪnɪŋ ˈɔdri plænt ɪn ðə ˈgɑrdən. ðə ˈɔlsoʊ ˈædɪd ə ʤeɪmz bɛˈluʃi ˈkæmiˌoʊ, ɛz ðə sin ˈfiʧərɪŋ ðə ənˈskrupjələs ˈeɪʤənt ˈpætrɪk ˈmɑrtɪn ˈnidɪd tɪ bi riˈrɪtən ənd ərˈɪʤənəl ˈæktər pɔl ˈduli wɑz ˌənəˈveɪləbəl (ˈɔlsoʊ nɑt əˈveɪləbəl fər ðə wɑz wən əv ðə 'grik ˈkɔrəs' ˈsɪŋərz, ˈkæmbəl ənd soʊ hər feɪs ɪz ˈhɪdən ɪn ðə ˈkloʊzɪŋ ʃɑt). waɪl mɔr ˈpælətəbəl tɪ ə ˈwaɪdər ˈɔdiəns, ðə 'ˈsɔftər' ˈɛndɪŋ wɑz sin ɛz ənˈsætɪsˌfaɪɪŋ baɪ ˈmɛni, əˈspɛʃəli ðoʊz fəˈmɪljər wɪθ ðə ərˈɪʤənəl sɔrs məˈtɪriəl. ɪt stɑp ðə ˈmuvi bɪˈkəmɪŋ ə hɪt rɪˈtərnz wər ˈoʊnli ˈmɑdəst ɔn ɪts ˌɪˈnɪʃəl θiˈætrɪkəl rən, bət ɪt flərɪʃt ɪn ðə hoʊm ˈvɪdioʊ ˈmɑrkɪt. ɪts ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən gru ənd gru ɪn ðə ˈdɛkeɪd ðət ˈfɑloʊd bət ɛz ɪt dɪd, soʊ tu dɪd ðə ˈlɛʤənd əv ɪts 'lɔst' ˈɛndɪŋ, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli du tɪ ðə ˈmænər ɪn wɪʧ soʊ məʧ ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ˈfʊtɪʤ hæd bɪn soʊ ˌənˌsɛrəˈmoʊniəsli ʧɑpt ənd dɪʧt, ˈrəðər ðən pərˈhæps biɪŋ ɪn səm weɪ (fər ɪgˈzæmpəl ɛz ə drim ər ˈfænəsi ˈsikwəns). ðɪs ˈlɛʤənd wɑz ˈoʊnli ˈhaɪtənd ˈfərðər baɪ ðə fərst ˌdiˌviˈdi riˈlis, ɪn 1998 ˈsəmˌhaʊ, ən ənˈfɪnɪʃt, əv ðə ˈɛndɪŋ meɪd ɪt ˈɔntu ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl əv ðə dɪsk ˈkɔzɪŋ ə ˈpænɪkt ˈriˌkɔl baɪ ˈgɛfən, hu əˈʃʊrd fænz ðət ðə ˈfʊtɪʤ dɪd ɪgˈzɪst ɪn ə ˈfɔrˌmæt, ənd wʊd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli bi riˈlist ɪn ðət fɔrm. bət waɪl ðə ɛˈroʊniəs ˈkɑpiz bɪˈgæn tɪ ʧeɪnʤ hænz fər ɪgˈzɔrbɪtənt ˈpraɪsɪz, ðə ˈprɑspɛkts əv ˈɛvər siɪŋ ðə fəˈnæli ˈsikwəns lʊkt ˈdɪmər ənd ˈdɪmər ɪt ˈleɪtər trænˈspaɪərd ðət ðə ˈfʊtɪʤ wɛr ˈɛvriˌbɑdi θɔt ɪt wɑz, ənd ɑz wɑz ˌɪnˈsɪstənt ðət ɪt hæd bɪn dɪˈstrɔɪd ɪnˈtaɪərli. ˈhæpəli, ˈɑrˌkaɪv rilz wər ˈleɪtər dɪˈskəvərd ðət ɪˈneɪbəld ðə ˈsikwəns tɪ bi ˈpeɪnˌsteɪkɪŋli ˌrikənˈstrəktɪd ənd ˈdɪʤətəli remastered*, ənd soʊ ðə kət ðət wɑz riˈlist ɪn 2012 ˈfiʧərd ən ɪˈdɪʃən əv ðə fɪlm wɪθ ðoʊz ˈkloʊzɪŋ faɪv ˈmɪnəts (ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈvərʒən əv ðə praɪər sin) ˈprɛzənt ɛz ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd. ˈfaɪnəli, wi hæd ðə ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ kəmˈpɛr ðə tu, ənd si fər ɑrˈsɛlvz ðət ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈvərʒən wɑz ˈbɛtər. ər dɪd wi? noʊ dɪˈnaɪɪŋ ðət ðoʊz ˈkloʊzɪŋ fju ˈmɪnəts ər ən əˈstɑnɪʃɪŋ pis əv fɪlm ðə 5 ˈmɪljən əv ˈbəʤɪt ɪz raɪt ðɛr ˌɑnˈskrin, wɪθ səm əv ðə ˈgreɪtəst ˈmɑdəl ˈifɛkts wərk ju wɪl ˈɛvər si. ə ˈbjutəfəl, ˈtɛrəˌfaɪɪŋ ˈɔrʤi əv dɪˈstrəkʃən ənd ɪf vjud ˈpjʊrli ɪn ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən ɪt kən bi ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ɛz səʧ. (ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ˈfiʧərz ə kwaɪt, kwaɪt ˈbrɪljənt ˈfaɪnəl ʃɑt: ˈæftər ðə klaɪˈmæktɪk ʃɑt əv ˈɔdri ɔn ðə ˈstæˌʧu əv ˈlɪbərˌti, ə ˈfaɪnəl stɪŋ ɪn ðə teɪl: ɛz ə end?”*?” ˈkæpʃən pɑps əp, ðə skrin ˈsədənli rɪps ɪn tu ɛz ðə plænt bərsts θru, ˈkækəlɪŋ əˈweɪ. ju kən ˌɪˈmæʤən ˈsɪnəmə ˈɔdiənsəz biɪŋ ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪnli ˈstɑrtəld baɪ ðɪs, ˌɔlˈðoʊ fər ˈɑbviəs ˈrizənz ɪt hæv kwaɪt ðə seɪm ˈifɛkt ɔn ə hoʊm riˈlis.) bət ɪf ju wɔʧ ðə ˈɛndɪŋ ˈæˌkʧuəli ɛz ðə ɛnd əv ðə 90 ˈmɪnəts ər soʊ ðət hæv prɪˈsidɪd ɪt: wɛl, ɪn maɪ vju ðə tɛst ˈɔdiənsəz sɔrt əv hæd ə pɔɪnt. ðə ɪnˈtaɪərti əv ˈlɪtəl ʃɑp əv ˈhɔrərz dɪz, tru, hæv ðɪs sˈlaɪtli ənˈplɛzənt ˈəndərˌkərənt; ðə ˈblækəst əv blæk ˈkɑmədiz, sɛt ɪn ə blik wərld wɛr ˈpipəl laɪk ˈɔrɪn gɪt tɪ ɪgˈzɪst ənd bi ˈnæsti tɪ ˈpipəl. bət raɪt frəm ðə ˈsədənli ˈsimɔr sɔŋ ˈɑnwərdz, ɪt ˌɪntrəˈdusɪz ən ˈɛləmənt əv hoʊp ənd ɪt ˈkɛriz ju əˈlɔŋ ɔn ə weɪv əv ˈwɑnɪŋ ənd grin tɪ səkˈsid. ðə 'dɑrk' ˈɛndɪŋ ˈəndərˌkəts ðət ɪnˈtaɪərli; ənd waɪl ðɛr ər ˈdaʊtləs ˈmɛni vjuərz hu laɪk ðət ɪt dɪz, ˌəndərˈstændəbəl ðət ˈmɛni mɔr ˈprɑbəˌbli wʊd nɑt hæv. mɔr, ðət ˈkloʊzɪŋ ˈsikwəns ɛz ˈtɛknɪkəli ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv ɛz ɪt ɪz ˈrɪli dɪz goʊ ɔn ə bɪt, ənd kʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi əˈkjuzd əv goʊɪŋ ə ˈlɪtəl tu fɑr ɪn tərmz əv ðə ˈhɔrərz ɪt ˌɪnˈflɪkts ɔn ðə ˈpɑpjələs. fər maɪ ˈməni, ˈɛniˌweɪ, ðə ˈbɪgər lɔs ɪn tərmz əv kət ˈfʊtɪʤ ɪz ðə fʊl ðə mik ʃæl ˌɪnˈhɛrət sɔŋ. ɪt dɪz ɪgˈzɪst ɪn ðə fɪlm ɪn ˈvɛri ˈʃɔrtənd fɔrm, bət wɑz ərˈɪʤənəli ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ ˌɪnˈklud ə drim ˈsikwəns ɛz ˈsimɔr ˈoʊvər ˈwɛðər tɪ goʊ ɔn hɪz ˈfɔsʧən pækt. wən əv ðə bɛst sɔŋz ɪn ðə ʃoʊ ənd ə greɪt pərˈfɔrməns baɪ ənd ə ʃeɪm ðət ənˈlaɪk ðə ˈɛndɪŋ, ɪt jɛt bɪn rɪˈkəvərd ɪn ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli gʊd kˈwɑləti. ˈɑrgjuəbli, ɪf ˈæʃmən ənd ɑz fɛlt soʊ bərnd baɪ ðə rɪˈʤɛkʃən əv ðə ˈɛndɪŋ, ðeɪ kʊd ˈivɪn hæv wərkt səm əv ðət ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ˈfʊtɪʤ ˈɪntu ðɪs sin, wɪθ ˈsimɔr ɛnˈvɪʒənɪŋ ə ˈhɔrəbəl fˈjuʧər ɪf hi goʊz əˈhɛd wɪθ ðə dil. wɪˈʧɛvər ˈɛndɪŋ ju prɪˈfər, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, hɑrd tɪ dɪˈspjut ɪz ðət ˈlɪtəl ʃɑp əv ˈhɔrərz, ˈθərˌdi jɪrz ɔn, rɪˈmeɪnz wən əv ðə moʊst trɪˈmɛndəsli ˌɛnərˈteɪnɪŋ ˈmuvi mˈjuzɪkəlz ˈɛvər prəˈdust. ðə sɔŋz hæv ə dəf wən əˈməŋ ðɛm (wɛl, ɪf ju kaʊnt ðə əv səm fən naʊ), ðə kæst ər ˈjunəˌfɔrmli greɪt (wi ˈivɪn gɑt ɛz fɑr ɛz ˈmɛnʃənɪŋ stiv tərn ɛz ˈɔrɪn ər ˈlivaɪ stubbs’*’ ˈpɪrlɪs ˈvɔɪsɪŋ əv ˈɔdri, nɔr ðə ˈkæmiˌoʊz frəm ðə laɪks əv ˈkrɪstəfər gɛst ənd ˈmɪriəm margolyes*), ənd ə ˈvɪʒəwəl traɪəmf, frəm ðət dɪˈstɪŋktɪv ɛsˈθɛtɪk tɪ ðə ˈjunəˌfɔrmli ˈbrɪljənt ˈɔdri ˈpəpɪt ənd wərk. ə fɪlm huz kˈwɑlətiz rɪˈmeɪn ˈətərli ˈtaɪmləs, ənd waɪl ɪts kriˈeɪtərz meɪ hæv fɛlt dɪˈstɪŋktli ənˈsætɪsˌfaɪd baɪ ˈhævɪŋ tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðət ˈɛndɪŋ, wi ʃʊd bi ˈgreɪtfəl ðət ðə ˈvərʒən ðət meɪd ɪt aʊt tɪ ˈsɪnəməz wɑz wən ðət ʤɪst sɪŋk wɪˈθaʊt treɪs bət ˌɪnˈstɛd rɪˈmeɪnz ˈsəmθɪŋ soʊ ˈmɛni əv ˈjuˈɛs hæv bɪn ˈeɪbəl tɪ dɪˈskəvər ənd ləv ɪn ðə ˈdɛkeɪdz sɪns.

we should start at the end, seeing as the thing people talk about the most when it comes to little shop of horrors. in one of the most commonly-known pieces of 'lost movie' lore, many of you will already be aware that frank oz’s 1986 movie adaptation of the cult stage musical (itself an adaptation of the 1960, equally cult roger corman movie) made it to cinemas in december 1986 with a completely different ending from the one that had originally been shot. rather than the bleak ending in which loveable nerd seymour and his beloved audrey are eaten by the fearsome audrey ii plant, which then breeds into a super-race of giant plants that dominate the globe, the amended movie ending instead sees seymour destroy the plant and happily marry audrey. it sounds like typical hollywood sanitizing, and in the years since the movie was released the legendary status of this alternate ending not to mention the sheer amount of money that was spent on making it before it was ditched has certainly fostered that view among some. but how did little shop of horrors get to that stage? why did it originally have the ending that it did, and why did it change? and, perhaps the biggest question that has hung over the film these past three decades: should it have been changed, or not? the little shop story begins with that 1960 corman movie, which was famously shot almost entirely over just two days, when the director was given access to some standing sets from aevious film just before they were pulled down. written by corman’s long-time cohort charles b. griffith, the little shop of horrors was a black farce, notable also for a debut appearance by jack nicholson, and the fact that corman copyright the film, meaning that it has been in the public domain ever since its initial theatrical run. these latter two points may help explain why the film became something of a cult classic in the 1970s; although it doesn’t quite explain why a writer and composer pair named howard ashman and alan menken decided to take the bizarre step of adapting it into a stage musical. ashman and menken would go on to have many successful collaborations together winning oscars for their work on the little mermaid and beauty and the beast before ashman’s death in 1991 but the little shop of horrors musical was their first big hit. the stage show opened in 1982 as an off-off-broadwayoduction, before transferring to off-broadway (a full broadway show was mooted, but ashman and menken felt it was better-suited to the smaller theatres). where the original film saw the hapless seymour accidentally stumble his way into murder, the musical more explicitly takes on the shape of the faust myth with the plant (renamed 'audrey ii' from the original’s 'audrey jr')omising the nerdy schlub fame, fortune and the love of his human namesake if he goes along with feeding him. the musical plays fair by narrative rules, in giving seymour his comeuppance at the end. in the stage show, as in the original film, while he’s ostensibly the 'hero' seymour is a largely pathetic and not especially likeable figure. the audience is therefore invited, just like in faust, to approve of his downfall even though, in this case, his actions have the unfortunate side-effect of unleashing a wave of man-eating plants across the world. while much of the humor in the original film had arisen almost unintentionally as a result of the slapdashoduction, ashman and menken’s musical successfully blends the dark and bleak nature of the story and its ending with jaunty, upbeat rock and motown-styled musical numbers and surreal gags. the songs showcase the pair’s effortless knack for a memorable tune, and it was no surprise that the play was an immediate hit, winning several awards and becoming one of the longest-running and highest-grossing shows in off-broadway history. equally inevitable, then, was the musical’s adaptation back to the screen but the nature and scale of theoduction were still something of a surprise. david geffen, one of theoducers of the original show, initially sounded out martin scorsese about directing, but plans to shoot the film in 3d ultimately fell through, and in the end frank oz was approached. a budget of $25 million put it towards the top level of films warner bros were releasing at that time, and was an enormous show of faith in the source material and its ability to become a mainstream hit. oz’s adaptation skewed closely to the original stage show helped by retaining howard ashman as screenwriter. while the director initially struggled to find a 'cinematic' way into the material, the large soundstages at pinewood offered the opportunity to create an aesthetic that was theatrical in both senses of the word: merging both the stage and the screen, with a ramshackle, run-down vision of 1960s skid row living that seems to only exist in film,esented with no small amount of artifice. while big-name stars such as cyndi lauper and (purportedly) barbara streisand were considered for audrey, ellen greene was invited to reprise her role from the stage show; while rick moranis was an early lock for seymour. but while the two leads would end up being one of the film’s greatest strengths, they would alsoesent it with one of its biggestoblems. with the odd alteration here and there a couple of the original songs are dropped, as is an entire subplot about mushnik adopting seymour in order to try and get hold of the rights to audrey ii the movie follows the sequence of the stage show faithfully. additions include masochistic dental patient arthur denton, with bill murray reprising a similar role to that originally played by nicholson for a single scene in which he adlibbed the entirety of his dialogue; and john candy in another memorable one-scene turn as a radio dj. mean green mother from outer space, a new song written to adhere to oscar eligibility rules, is added to the climax (the song shares a few elements with, though is stylistically quite different from, a track called bad that was trialled but ultimately dropped from the original stage show). it win, though, losing out to top gun’s take my breath away. and then we get to that ending. ashman and oz shared a vision that the film should remain faithful to the stage show’s faustian denouement but in a movie, they were able to fully realise the horror of the alien plants’ domination of the world rather than merely describing it in song (the closer don’t feed the plants). a full fifth of that $25 million budget was committed to an astonishing closing sequence that saw gigantic plants wreaking havoc across the city of new york destroying beautifully-wrought model buildings, and culminated in the original audrey ii triumphantly laughing atop the statue of liberty. unfortunately, without their realizing it, something else had happened over the course of the film. moranis’ inherent likeability had turned seymour into a more sympathetic character; and his chemistry with the impossible-not-to-love greene as audrey meant that the audience reached the final act fully rooting for these two kids to escape their terrible situation. sure, seymour had been feeding people to a carnivorous plant but he doesn’t actually kill either orin or mushnik, and in both cases they’re threatening him first. and so, completely against the expectations of its writer and director, little shop’s ending was utterly loathed by the film’s initial test audiences. “for every musical number there was applause, they loved it, it was just fantastic,” oz later recalled, “until we killed our two leads. and then the theater became a refrigerator, an ice box. it was awful.” the score cards, which give an approval percentage based on the audience’s reactions coming out, told a similar story. “you have to have a 55 percent ‘recommend’ to really be released... and we got a 13. it was a complete disaster.” “after that san jose screening, i asked if we could try one more time in la to see if the reaction was different. we did it, and we got exactly the same reaction: like 16 per cent or something. howard and i knew what we had to do: we had to cut that ending and make it a happy ending, or a satisfying ending. we want to, but we understood they couldn’t release it with that kind of a reaction. audiences loved the two leads so much that when we killed them, they felt bereft.” and so the entire closing sequence from the moment audrey is eaten by her namesake justior to mean green mother, right through to the final shot was ditched. instead, seymour successfully destroys the plant at the end of the climactic song, and we fade to a sequence in which the couple move into the dream house audrey had envisioned earlier in the film although there’s a minor sting in the tail as the final shot is of a tiny, grinning audrey ii-style plant in the garden. the reshoots also added a james belushi cameo, as the scene featuring the unscrupulous agent patrick martin needed to be rewritten and original actor paul dooley was unavailable (also not available for the reshoot was one of the 'greek chorus' singers, tisha campbell and so her character’s face is hidden in the closing shot). while more palatable to a wider audience, the 'softer' ending was seen as unsatisfying by many, especially those familiar with the original source material. it stop the movie becoming a hit returns were only modest on its initial theatrical run, but it flourished in the home video market. its reputation grew and grew in the decade that followed but as it did, so too did the legend of its 'lost' ending, particularly due to the manner in which so much expensive footage had been so unceremoniously chopped and ditched, rather than perhaps being in some way (for example as a dream or fantasy sequence). this legend was only heightened further by the film’s first dvd release, in 1998. somehow, an unfinished, black-and-white workprint of the ending made it onto the initialessings of the disc causing a panicked recall by geffen, who assured fans that the footage did exist in a higher-quality format, and would eventually be released in that form. but while the erroneous copies began to change hands for exorbitantices, theospects of ever seeing the finale sequence looked dimmer and dimmer it later transpired that the footage wasn’t where everybody thought it was, and oz was insistent that it had been destroyed entirely. happily, archive reels were later discovered that enabled the sequence to be painstakingly reconstructed and digitally remastered, and so the director’s cut blu-ray that was released in 2012 featured an edition of the film with those closing five minutes (including dooley’s version of theior scene)esent as intended. finally, we had the opportunity to compare the two, and see for ourselves that the original version was better. or did we? there’s no denying that those closing few minutes are an astonishing piece of film the $5 million of budget is right there onscreen, with some of the greatest model effects work you will ever see. a beautiful, terrifying orgy of destruction and if viewed purely in isolation it can be enjoyed as such. (it also features a quite, quite brilliant final shot: after the climactic shot of audrey ii on the statue of liberty, there’s a final sting in the tale: as a “the end?” caption pops up, the screen suddenly rips in two as the plant bursts through, cackling away. you can imagine cinema audiences being genuinely startled by this, although for obvious reasons it doesn’t have quite the same effect on a home release.) but if you watch the ending actually as the end of the 90 minutes or so that haveeceded it: well, in my view the test audiences sort of had a point. the entirety of little shop of horrors does, true, have this slightly unpleasant undercurrent; the blackest of black comedies, set in a bleak world where people like orin scrivello get to exist and be nasty to people. but right from the suddenly seymour song onwards, it introduces an element of hope and it carries you along on a wave of wanting moranis and greene to succeed. the 'dark' ending undercuts that entirely; and while there are doubtless many viewers who like that it does, understandable that many moreobably would not have. what’s more, that closing sequence as technically impressive as it is really does go on a bit, and could also be accused of going a little too far in terms of the horrors it inflicts on the city’s populace. for my money, anyway, the bigger loss in terms of cut footage is the full the meek shall inherit song. it does exist in the film in very shortened form, but was originally intended to include a full-length dream sequence as seymour agonises over whether to go all-in on his faustian pact. one of the best songs in the show and a great performance by moranis and a shame that unlike the ending, it hasn’t yet been recovered in particularly good quality.uably, if ashman and oz hadn’t felt so burned by the rejection of the ending, they could even have worked some of that expensive footage into this scene, with seymour envisioning a horrible future if he goes ahead with the deal. whichever ending youefer, however, what’s hard to dispute is that little shop of horrors, thirty years on, remains one of the most tremendously entertaining movie musicals everoduced. the songs don’t have a duff one among them (well, if you don’t count the cod-calypso of some fun now), the cast are uniformly great (we haven’t even got as far as mentioning steve martin’s scene-stealing turn as orin or levi stubbs’ peerless voicing of audrey ii, nor the cameos from the likes of christopher guest and miriam margolyes), and a visual triumph, from that distinctive aesthetic to the uniformly brilliant audrey ii puppet and stop-motion work. it’s a film whose qualities remain utterly timeless, and while its creators may have felt distinctly unsatisfied by having to change that ending, we should be grateful that the version that made it out to cinemas was one that just sink without trace but instead remains something so many of us have been able to discover and love in the decades since.

……and* ðə truθ əˈbaʊt. naʊ ðət ˌtrænzˈmidiə ɪz ˈɛvriˌwɛr ənd ðə prəˈdusərz gɪld əv əˈmɛrɪkə hæv tərnd ðə producer’*’ ˈɪntu ə ˈboʊnə faɪd (ər æt list ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd) prəˈfɛʃənəl roʊl wən θɪŋ ðət rɪrz hɛd ɪz, hu ənd wɛr ər ðə bɛst ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusərz goʊɪŋ tɪ kəm frəm? aɪ hæv spɛnt ə gʊd pɑrt əv ðə læst 15 jɪrz ˈmɛntərɪŋ ˈtreɪnɪŋ trəˈdɪʃənəl ˌnɑntrəˈdɪʃənəl ˈmidiə taɪps ɪn ˈməltəpəl ˈplætˌfɔrm ˈkɑntɛnt ənd naʊ kˈwɛʃən wɛr ðə bɛst prəˈdusərz əv ðɪs ˌməltiˈfæsətɪd ‘‘new’*’ ˈkɑntɛnt wɪl kəm frəm ˌækəˈdimiə, fɪlm, bʊk ˈɔθərz, ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə kənˈsəltənts, geɪm dɪˈzaɪnərz, ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən, wɛb dɪˈvɛləpərz, ˈreɪdiˌoʊ, ˈædvərˌtaɪzərz, jəŋ, oʊld, nɑt jɛt bɔrn? rɛd ɔn, ə ‘‘hypothetical’*’ ˈɪntərvˌju ˈfɑloʊz ənd ðɪs ɪz ən əˈpɪnjən pis aɪ ˈkænɑt pʊt ɪn maɪ bʊk ər ˈlɛkʧər əˈbaʊt! ˌtrænzˈmidiə æmˈbɪgjuəs ˈkɑnsɛpt? ˈfərstli wət ɪz ɪt ənd dɪz ɪt ˈæˌkʧuəli min ˈɛniˌθɪŋ æt ɔl? ɪt ɪz fænˈtæstɪk ðət ðə tərm ‘‘transmedia’*’ ɪz naʊ soʊ ˈwaɪdˈsprɛd əˈkrɔs ðə ˈɪndəstri ənd wɪθ ðə əˈfɪʃəl ˈkrɛdɪt (əˈtæʧt aɪˈrɑnɪkli tɪ fɪlm praɪˈmɛrəli) bət ɪz ɪt ə ˈbəbəl əˈbaʊt tɪ bərst ɪz wət wi hæv kəm tɪ noʊ ɛz ‘‘transmedia’*’ ɪn ˈdeɪnʤər əv biɪŋ bloʊn aʊt əv ɔl prəˈpɔrʃən. hir ər səm əv ðə ˈprɑbləmz: ˈɛvriˌwən ɪz ə ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusər jɛs meɪd ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ðət ɪz əˈtæʧt tɪ ə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ʃoʊ, jʊr ə. kriˈeɪtɪd ə ˈmoʊbəl geɪm ðət həz ə laɪn ər tu frəm ðə ˈkɑmɪk, ə. noʊ wən wɪl pəˈlis ðɪs ɪz ɪt ə ˈtruli ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd ˈstɔri ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt, dɪz ɪt hæv ˈklɛvər plɑt lɪŋks ər kənˈsɪstənt ˈkɛrɪktərz?. ə ɪz ə diˈkæθlit (multi-skilled*, hɑrd tɪ gɪt ə wən wərd ˈænsər əˈbaʊt wət ðeɪ du ɪn ə bɑr!), gɔn ɪz nis ənd ˈsɪmpəl ˈmoʊnoʊ ˈmidiə, ə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən prəˈdusər meɪks ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ʃoʊz, fɪlm dɪˈrɛktər dɪˈrɛkts fɪlmz. ju kən bi ə ɪf ju mərʤ jʊr ˈstɔri əˈkrɔs tu ər mɔr ˈmidiə ˈɛriəz? bət mɔr ɔn ðɪs ˈleɪtər ɪn ðə poʊst. ˌtrænzˈmidiə ɛz ə ˈkɑnsɛpt ɪz nɑt ˈfoʊkɪst. ˈoʊˈkeɪ aɪ noʊ ˈhɛnri ərˈɪʤənəl ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən həz bɪn sprɛd əraʊnd ðə wɛb bət ɪt ɪz ə ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən ðət ɪz tu brɔd. pərˈhæps aɪ ʃʊd ˈɛksərˌsaɪz maɪ ənd səˈʤɛst ðət ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət traɪz tɪ dɪˈskraɪb ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɪz ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈwərθləs? ˌtrænzˈmidiə laɪk ə blæk hoʊl ɪn ðə ˈjunəˌvərs ɪt traɪz tɪ dɪˈskraɪb səks ɪn ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðət həz kəm ˌbiˈfɔr (krɔs ˈmidiə, 360 ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə, ɑgˈmɛntəd ˌriˈæləˌti, pərˈveɪsɪv ˈgeɪmɪŋ ənd soʊ ɔn). æt ðə ˈəðər ɛnd əv ðɪs ˈspɛktrəm ˈsaɪtɪŋ ˈmeɪtrɪks ər blɛr wɪʧ ər ˈəðər brænd tɪ ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ðə ‘‘field’*’ ɛz ˈmeɪnˌstrim ɪt bɪˈkəmz əˈpɛrənt ðət ðə kˈwoʊtɪd ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɪz ˈrəðər vacuuous*. tɪ kwoʊt ˈʤɛŋkɪnz əˈgɛn frəm ən lɑ taɪmz ˈɑrtɪkəl, ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈtɛlɪŋ ə ˈstɔri əˈkrɔs ˈdɪfərənt ˈplætˌfɔrmz, iʧ ˈɛləmənt əv wɪʧ meɪ ər meɪ nɑt stænd ɔn ɪts oʊn bət kənˈtrɪbjuts tɪ ən ɛnˈrɪʧt, daɪˈnæmɪk, mɔr ˌpɑrˈtɪsəpəˌtɔri ənd ““lifelike”*” experience.”*.” wi ər stɪl ɪn ðə haɪp feɪz. ˈbeɪsɪkli ˈɛniˌθɪŋ kul ənd ˈdɪfərənt ðoʊz ˌtrænzˈmidiə taɪps (ənd aɪ pɔɪnt ðə ˈfɪŋgər æt ˌmaɪˈsɛlf tu) wɪl teɪk ˈoʊnərˌʃɪp əv. aɪ ˈivɪn hərd ðə ˈəðər deɪ ˈsəmˌwən seɪ ˌtrænzˈmidiə ɪz ðə nu ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ənd ɑgˈmɛntəd ˌriˈæləˌti ˈivɪn gɪts ə lʊk ɪn. aɪ æm nɑt səˈpraɪzd ðoʊz stɪl ˈgɪtɪŋ ðɛr hɛd əraʊnd ðə ‘‘story’*’ pəˈtɛnʃəl əv ˈsoʊʃəl ˈnɛtˌwərks ər ə kjut ˈmoʊbəl geɪm faɪnd ɪt ɔl ˈrəðər, dis-jointed*. ˈɔlsoʊ ðə ˌɪnˈkris ɪn ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ənd ɛkˌspɛriˈɛnʃəl ‘‘event’*’ beɪst ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ˈsədənli mɛnt ˌtrænzˈmidiə ɪz naʊ ˌɪˈnɛkstrɪˌkəbli lɪŋkt wɪθ brænd ɪkˈstɛnʃənz (ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən, fɪlm, ˈprɑdəkt) ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ðət ɪz nɑt ə ˈlɪniər, ˈbrændɪd fɪlm ər ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ʃoʊ. aɪ θɪŋk fər ðoʊz hu lɪv ɪn ðə ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈɛkoʊ ˈʧeɪmbər ðɪs həz bɪn ðə keɪs fər ˈmɛni jɪrz. ɪt filz ˈrəðər ˌækəˈdɛmɪk. juzd tɪ bi ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv tərm tɪ ‘‘cross-media’*’ juzd tɪ bi ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv tərm tɪ ‘‘cross-media’*’ trænz frəm ðə ˈlætən ‘‘crossing’*’) bət ɪz naʊ juzd tɪ dɪˈskraɪb ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ, nɑnˈlɪˌniər, ˌɪnərˈæktɪv, ɪkˈstɛnʃən, ˌpɑrˈtɪsəpəˌtɔri, ˈsoʊʃəl, brænd, pleɪ,, pərˈveɪsɪv ənd soʊ ɔn. ðə aɪˈdiə ðət ˈstɔriz wʊd bi toʊld ɪn ˈdɪfərənt ˈpleɪsɪz goʊz bæk ˈθaʊzənz əv jɪrz bət ɪn ə ˈmɑdərn ˈmidiə ˈkɑntɛkst ə rɪʧ ˈtərgət fər ˈstədi ənd ˈθiərˌaɪzɪŋ. əˈlɔŋ keɪm ˈhɛnri ˈʤɛŋkɪnz hu kɔɪnd ðə tərm ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈɔlˌmoʊst ə ˈdɛkeɪd ˈæftər ðə fərst ˈbeɪsɪk ˌɪnˈkɑrˈneɪʃən. ˈhɛnri ˈædmərəbli sɛlf kənˈfɛsɪz ɛz biɪŋ ˈbɪzi ˈlɛkʧərɪŋ ənd prɪˈzɛntɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˌtrænzˈmidiə, tɪ partake’*’ əv ðə ˌɪnˈdəstriəl əv ˌtrænzˈmidiə əv ɪt ɪz nɑt wɛl dən yet”*”. ɪt ɪz stɪl ə ˈtiˌneɪʤər. ɪt həz groʊn əp ˌbiˈfɔr taɪm ənd bɪˈkəm ə ˈtrəbəlsəm bɪg ˈhɛdɪd ˈtiˌneɪʤər wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛni tru hoʊm ənd tərnd ˈɪntu ə dɪsˈfəŋkʃənəl ˈɔrfən æt wəns prəˈtɛktɪvli ˈnərʧərd baɪ ˈoʊvər pəˈzɛsɪv ˌækəˈdɛmɪks, ˈhaɪˌʤækt baɪ ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl æd ˈeɪʤənsiz ənd ˈhɑrdli ˌəndərˈstʊd baɪ ˈfleɪlɪŋ ˈbrɔdˌkæstərz. ərˈɪʤənəli wɑz ən ˌɪnəˈlɛkʧuəli ˈstɪmjəˌleɪtɪŋ ˈkɑnsɛpt ˈmɛməriz əv mɪd 90s*, ɪt həz groʊn əp ˌbiˈfɔr taɪm ənd bɪˈkəm ə ˈtrəbəlsəm bɪg ˈhɛdɪd ˈtiˌneɪʤər wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛni tru hoʊm ənd tərnd ˈɪntu ə dɪsˈfəŋkʃənəl ˈɔrfən æt wəns prəˈtɛktɪvli ˈnərʧərd baɪ ˈoʊvər pəˈzɛsɪv ˌækəˈdɛmɪks, ˈhaɪˌʤækt baɪ ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl æd ˈeɪʤənsiz ənd ˈhɑrdli ˌəndərˈstʊd baɪ ˈfleɪlɪŋ ˈbrɔdˌkæstərz. ərˈɪʤənəli wɑz ən ˌɪnəˈlɛkʧuəli ˈstɪmjəˌleɪtɪŋ ˈkɑnsɛpt ˈmɛməriz əv mɪd 90s*, ˌpaɪəˈnɪrɪŋ ˌbibiˈsi deɪz ˈɔlsoʊ maɪ oʊld frɛnd braɪən hu ɪz tɪ ɛz ˈfɑðər əv krɔs platform”*” hərst kɔɪnd ðə tərm ɪn 1998 ɛz əv kənˈvərʤənt ˈmidiə æt ˈpɪtərd sullivan”*”. ˈərliər ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃənz ʤɪst tɔkt əˈbaʊt ˈstɔri beɪst platforms’*’ ˈɛləmənt bət sɪns ðə ˌɛkspoʊˈnɛnʃəl ˌɪnˈkris ɪn ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ɛz ə pleɪs fər ˈmɪljənz tɪ dwɛl ɪt həz ˈsədənli hæd ðə pɑrt ˈædɪd ənd ˈɔlsoʊ ə səˈʤɛsʧən ðət ɪt ɪz naʊ ə mɔr ˈɪnəˌgreɪtɪd fɔrm əv ˈstɔriˌtɛlɪŋ, aɪ səˈpoʊz aɪ ʃʊd hæv ˈædɪd ə ˈlɛvəl 5 tɪ maɪ 5 jɪr oʊld (bət əˈbaʊt tɪ bi riˈmuvd!) ˈwɪkiˌpiˌdiə krɔs ˈmidiə ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən! ˈdeɪnʤər əv biɪŋ ˈhaɪˌʤækt əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ɔl əv ðɪs wi hæv ə ‘‘clique’*’ əv ˈsoʊˈkɔld ˈɛkspərts hu traɪ tɪ dɪˈskraɪb ˈsəmθɪŋ wɪʧ ɪz soʊ ˈsɪmpəl ɔn wən hænd (stəf ɔn ˈməltəpəl ˈplætˌfɔrmz) jɛt soʊ æmˈbɪgjuəs ɔn ðə ˈəðər (ˈfrægməntɪd ˈnɛrətɪv effervescence*) taɪm wɪl ɪkˈspoʊz ðə ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈɛkoʊ ˈʧeɪmbər aɪ səˈpoʊz. əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ɔl əv ðɪs wi hæv ə ‘‘clique’*’ əv ˈsoʊˈkɔld ˈɛkspərts hu traɪ tɪ dɪˈskraɪb ˈsəmθɪŋ wɪʧ ɪz soʊ ˈsɪmpəl ɔn wən hænd (stəf ɔn ˈməltəpəl ˈplætˌfɔrmz) jɛt soʊ æmˈbɪgjuəs ɔn ðə ˈəðər (ˈfrægməntɪd ˈnɛrətɪv effervescence*) taɪm wɪl ɪkˈspoʊz ðə ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈɛkoʊ ˈʧeɪmbər aɪ səˈpoʊz. əv kɔrs aɪ hæv ˈnəθɪŋ əˈgɛnst ðə tərm ɪn ðə ˈæbsəns əv ɔlˈtərnətɪvz ˈhævɪŋ kriˈeɪtɪd ˌtrænzˈmidiə laɪk ər ər ɔl ˌtrænzˈmidiə ɪn ˈfoʊkɪs bət lɛts stɑrt ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə ˈɛmpərərz kloʊðz. ˌɪnˈdid ðə prəˈdusərz gɪld ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv ðə, ˌhaʊˈɛvər boʊld ɪn ɪts ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən, ɪz stɪl ə ˈlɪtəl æmˈbɪgjuəs əˈbaʊt ðə prɪˈsaɪs ˈɛləmənts əv ðə roʊl tɪ seɪ ðə list ə ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈnɛrətɪv ˈprɑʤɛkt ər ˈfrænˌʧaɪz məst kənˈsɪst əv θri (ər mɔr) ˈnɛrətɪv ˈstɔriˌlaɪnz ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ wɪˈθɪn ðə seɪm ˈfɪkʃənəl ˈjunəˌvərs ɔn ˈɛni əv ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈplætˌfɔrmz: fɪlm, ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən, ʃɔrt fɪlm, ˈbrɔdˌbænd, ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ, ˈkɑmɪks, ˌænəˈmeɪʃən, ˈmoʊbəl, ˈspɛʃəl ˈvɛnuz, dvd/blu-ray/cd-rom*, ˈnɛrətɪv kəˈmərʃəl ənd ˈmɑrkətɪŋ rollouts*, ənd ˈəðər tɛkˈnɑləʤiz ðət meɪ ər meɪ nɑt ˈkərəntli ɪgˈzɪst. ðiz ˈnɛrətɪv ɪkˈstɛnʃənz ər nɑt ðə seɪm ɛz məˈtɪriəl frəm wən ˈplætˌfɔrm tɪ bi kət ər tɪ ˈdɪfərənt ˈplætˌfɔrmz. ə ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusər ˈkrɛdɪt ɪz ˈgɪvɪn tɪ ðə person(s*) riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈpɔrʃən əv ə ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈplænɪŋ, dɪˈvɛləpmənt, pərˈdəkʃən, ˈmeɪntənəns əv ˈnɛrətɪv ˌkɑntəˈnuəti əˈkrɔs ˈməltəpəl ˈplætˌfɔrmz, ənd kriˈeɪʃən əv ərˈɪʤənəl ˈstɔriˌlaɪnz fər nu ˈplætˌfɔrmz. ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusərz ˈɔlsoʊ kriˈeɪt ənd ˈɪmpləmənt ˌɪnərˈæktɪv ɪnˈdɛvərz tɪ ˈjuˌnaɪt ðə ˈɔdiəns əv ðə ˈprɑpərti wɪθ ðə kəˈnɑnəkəl ˈnɛrətɪv ənd ðɪs ˈɛləmənt ʃʊd bi kənˈsɪdərd ɛz ˈvælɪd kˌwɑləfəˈkeɪʃən fər ˈkrɛdɪt ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ðeɪ ər rɪˈleɪtɪd dɪˈrɛkli tɪ ðə ˈnɛrətɪv ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən əv ə ˈprɑʤɛkt. ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusərz meɪ ərˈɪʤəˌneɪt wɪθ ə ˈprɑʤɛkt ər bi brɔt ɪn æt ˈɛni taɪm ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈroʊˌlaʊt əv ə ˈprɑʤɛkt ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˈænəˌlaɪz, kriˈeɪt ər fəˈsɪləˌteɪt ðə laɪf əv ðət ˈprɑʤɛkt ənd meɪ bi riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ɔl ər ˈoʊnli pɑrt əv ðə ˈkɑntɛnt əv ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt. ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusərz meɪ ˈɔlsoʊ bi haɪərd baɪ ər ˈpɑrtnər wɪθ ˈkəmpəˌniz ər ˈɛntɪtiz, wɪʧ dɪˈvɛləp ˈsɔfˌwɛr ənd ˈəðər tɛkˈnɑləʤiz ənd hu wɪʃ tɪ ˈʃoʊˌkeɪs ðiz ˌɪnˈvɛnʃənz wɪθ kəmˈpɛlɪŋ,, ˈkɑntɛnt. ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈkɑntɛnt (ðə truθ əˈbaʊt?) bət ðɪs poʊst ɪz nɑt ʤɪst əˈbaʊt ðə wərd ðɛr ər ˈhənərdz əv blɔg poʊsts ˈivɪn naʊ stɪl traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈrɪli gɪt ˈəndər ðə ˈsərfəs əv wət ˌtrænzˈmidiə minz ənd ɪt ɪz tu ˈizi tɪ fɔl daʊn ðə sɪˈmæntɪk ˈræbɪt hoʊl əv ˌtərmɪˈnɑləʤi ənd ðə ˈɛndləs səˈbʤɛktɪv splɪts bɪtˈwin ˌækəˈdɛmɪks, ˈɪndəstri ənd ˈwɑnəˌbiz. pərˈhæps ˈsəmθɪŋ mɔr ˈkɑnkrit kən bi faʊnd ɪn ðə stuff’*’ ˌɪtˈsɛlf. wət ɪz ðɪs stəf ənd hu ɪz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt? lɛts ʧuz θri ˈrɛfərəns pɔɪnts. æt wən ɛnd əv ðə ˈspɛktrəm wi hæv ðə dabblers*. ðoʊz hu kriˈeɪt ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt fər ə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ʃoʊ, ə ˈmoʊbəl geɪm ənd ɪf pʊʃt else’*’ ənd kɔl ɪt ˌtrænzˈmidiə. ɪt meɪ ər meɪ nɑt hæv ə ˈpɛrəˌlɛl, əˈdæptɪd ər kənˈtɪnjuəs ˈstɔri θrɛd, ˈɛni ˈsoʊʃəl ˈɛləmənt ˌwətsoʊˈɛvər bət ðeɪ kɔl ðɛmˈsɛlvz, ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusərz. ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl wi hæv ðoʊz hu weɪv ðə flæg əv entertainment’*’ bət ɪn ˌriˈæləˌti ər duɪŋ ˈnəθɪŋ mɔr ðən ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ər fɪlm ˈproʊˌgræm ɪkˈstɛnʃənz ənd ˈpʊtɪŋ staɪl ‘‘interactive’*’ (ooooo*!) ˈsiˈdi rɑmz ɔn ðə wɛb ju noʊ ðoʊz pɔɪnt, klɪk, wɔʧ ə ˈvɪdioʊ, sɑlv ə ˈpəzəl, kwɛst ˈɛfərts, pərˈhæps ə bɪt ɪn ə ˈmægəˌzin ər ɔn ə ˈbɪlˌbɔrd bət (noʊt ðə ˈsɪnɪˌsɪzəm) ˈrɪli ə bənʧ əv rich’*’ ˈwɛbˌsaɪts ˈsɪtɪŋ ɔn ðə koʊt teɪlz əv ə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən brænd ðət ɔˈrɛdi həz ə fju ˈmɪljən ˈfɑloʊərz ˈigər tɪ bɑnd ənd hɛlp iʧ ˈəðər aʊt. æt ðə fɑr ɛnd wi ər ˈɪntu pərˈveɪsɪv ˈgeɪmər ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri, ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˌækəˈdɛmɪks ənd ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən ˈɑrtɪsts ˈɔlˌweɪz traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈkaʊntər ˌfɔrmjəˈleɪɪk ˈmeɪnˌstrim ˈmidiə fər ðɛr ˈɔdiənsəz əv tɛnz ər æt moʊst ˈhənərdz. aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪz aɪ ˈprɑbəˌbli saʊnd ˈoʊvərli ˈsɪnɪkəl hir bət ðɛr ɪz ə ˈpælpəbəl, ɑd smɛl ɪn ðə ɛr ɛz ðə ˈəmpˌtinθ ˈmeɪʤər ˈɑrtɪkəl ɔn ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˌɪnˈsɛsəntli saɪts ˈdɛkeɪd oʊld blɛr wɪʧ, aɪ ləv biz, ˈmeɪtrɪks ənd ˈrisənt bɪg brænd ɔn ˈməltəpəl platforms’*’ wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛni ˈgraʊndɪd ˈrɛfərənsɪz tɪ ðə proʊˈfaʊndli ˈdipər trænˈzɪʃən feɪz wi ər ɪn. ðə ʧeɪnʤ ˈoʊnli ʤɪst ˈbeɪgən ənd wɪʧ ɪz nɑt əˈbaʊt ðə ‘‘superficiality’*’ əraʊnd ˈlɪniər brændz bət ə məʧ mɔr proʊˈfaʊnd ˈʤərni təˈwɔrdz ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt ənd ˈpipəl paʊərd pleɪ. wən əv ðə ˈpoʊstər bɔɪz əv ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈstɔriˌtɛlɪŋ ɪz əv kɔrs ðə ˈɔltərˌneɪt ˌriˈæləˌti geɪm ənd ˌɪnˈdid aɪ reɪv əˈbaʊt ðɪs ɛz ə fɔrm ˈhævɪŋ ðə bɛst ˈsɪnərʤi wɪθ ˈməlti ˈplætˌfɔrm ˈnɛrətɪv. bət aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈmɛnʃən ðət ˈbrɔdˌkæstərz (fɪlm ənd ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən) nid tɪ bi ˈwɛri əv ˌækəˈdɛmɪks ənd ˈtrɛndi æd wɪθ ðɛr ˌfɔrmjəˈleɪɪk, ˌtrænzˈmidiə templates*, ˈɔfən soʊld wɪθ ən ˈɔltərˌneɪt ˌriˈæləˌti geɪm (arg*) ˈleɪbəl. ðɛr ər weɪ tu ˈmɛni ðət naʊ ˈfɑloʊ ə ˈrɛʤəˌmɛntɪd ˈfɔrmjələ ðət həz ɪˈvɑlvd ˈoʊvər ðə pæst 5 ər soʊ jɪrz, jɛt ðeɪ stɪl kɔl ðiz ‘‘services’*’ ˈɪnəˌveɪtɪv. ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɪz ə roʊd tɪ pərˈdəkʃən ɪˈfɪʃənsi bət ˈɔlsoʊ ‘‘creative’*’ ˈfeɪljər ɛz wi hæv sin wɪθ soʊ ˈmɛni ˈəðər fɔrmz, ˌɪnərˈæktɪv ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən, wɛb ðə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən kɑp ʃoʊ ˌɛtˈsɛtərə: ɔl lɛd tɪ ˌmidiˈɑkrəti. aɪ ˈpərsənəli krɪnʤ wɪn aɪ si ən ˈstrəkʧərd əˈlɔŋ ðiz ˈrəðər ˈbrɔdˌkæst laɪnz stɪks wɪθ ˈvɪdioʊ, dɪˈfeɪst ˈbɪlˌbɔrdz, ˌɪnˈsərts ɪn ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ædz, ˌɛˌsɛˈmɛs ˈkɔrpərət ˈvɪdioʊz ˈɔfən təŋ ɪn ʧik ər light’*’ ˈoʊvərˌtoʊnz ˈivɪn ˈsərkə ˈkɔrpərət ˈwɛbˌsaɪts səˈpoʊzd tɪ bi ˌriəˈlɪstɪk bət kəm aʊt laɪk ə ˈkaʊˌbɔɪ taʊn fɪlm sɛt, 1 ˈlɛvəl dip ənd ˌstɛrioʊˈtɪpɪkəl ˈkɑpi dɪˈvɪʒən ˈæktɪŋ baɪ ˈwɑnəˌbiz priˈtɛndɪŋ tɪ bi ər ˈsudoʊ ˈpraɪvət aɪz ər træpt ˈvɪktɪmz ɔn kˈwɪkli ˈsɛˌtəp ˈjuˌtub əˈkaʊnts ˈɛndləs ˈkrɪptɪk wɛb ər ˈaʊtˌdɔr kluz. ˈsiˈdi rɑm, ər ˈpəzəlz ˈɛniˌwən? ˈpurli ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd ˈsoʊʃəl ˈnɛtˌwərk kəmˈpoʊnənt, rəʃt ˌɪnˈstɔl əv ə ˈɪnʤən wɪθ ˈɛndləs tɪ nu ˈkɛrɪktərz ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk sɛt ˈaʊtˌdɔr ˈpisɪz. ðə əˈblɪgəˌtɔri bɪl bɔrdz ər ˈbrɔdˌkæst prɑˈʤɛkʃənz flæʃ mɑbz ˈmɛni ənd ˈvɛriəs gʊd ənd ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈstɔriˌtɛlɪŋ ər laɪk ə haɪ kˈwɑləti waɪn, ˈkɛrfəli plænd, əˈlaʊd tɪ groʊ ənd məˈʧʊr ənd drəŋk wɪθ ən əˈpriʃjətɪv ˈsoʊʃəl grup. ˈoʊˈkeɪ aɪ æm ɛz ˈgɪlti ɛz ˈɛvriˌwən ɛls kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə bənʧ əv θroʊn təˈgɛðər ˈmɪni ˈoʊvər ðə læst fju jɪr bət ər hɛld əp ɛz ðə moʊst ‘‘evolved’*’ ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ðə ˌtrænzˈmidiə fɔrm ˈlɪsənɪŋ tɪ ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈɛkspərts ju wʊd θɪŋk ðə tərm ‘‘transmedia’*’ ənd ər ˌɪnərˈʧeɪnʤəbəl ɪn fækt. aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ juz ə greɪt dil wɪn ˈlɛkʧərɪŋ ɔn haʊ ˈməlti ˈplætˌfɔrm ər ˈnɛtˌwərkt ˈmidiə dɪˈzaɪn kən bi tɪ greɪt ˈifɛkt waɪl maɪ oʊn ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈprɑʤɛkts. ðə kriˈeɪtɪv fɔrs əv ɪz ɔl əˈbaʊt ˈkrɔsɪŋ ˈplætˌfɔrmz, dɪˈstrɪbjutɪŋ ˈstɔri ˈfrægmənts ɪn waɪld ənd ˈwæki ˈpleɪsɪz ðɛn ˈgɪvɪŋ ðə kəˈnɛktɪd ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ ʧu ɔn ənd du ˈmoʊstli. bət ɪn ʃoʊɪŋ ðə fɔrm ɛz gʊd ɪgˈzæmpəl wən ɪz ðɛn kənˈfrəntɪd wɪθ ə ki kˈwɛʃən frəm ˈstudənts ənd neɪ seɪərz, ðoʊz hu ˈlaɪkli si ðə of’*’ ˈɛmpərərz kloʊðz. (ðət ˌrikˈwaɪər ə lɔt əv wərk ɔn ðə pɑrt əv ðə pleɪər) ər dɪˈpɛndənt ɔn ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ brændz ˈprɑpərtiz, ənd wɪl ˈoʊnli wərk wɪθ ə ˈrizənəbli lɑrʤ fæn beɪs əv ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈprɑpərti ðə ˈbɑtəm laɪn ɪgˈzɪst ɪf ðeɪ hæv bɪg ‘‘advertorial’*’ sponsorship?”*?” soʊ ər ˈɔltərˌneɪt ˌriˈæləˌti geɪmz ˈliʧɪz ər ˈlidərz? ər ənd ˌtrænzˈmidiə ʤɪst ə ˈsəbˌsɛt əv ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə? haʊ ɪz ðə səkˈsɛs əv ˈmɛʒərd? maɪ ˈsɪmpəl ʧɑrt ˈkæpʧərz səm əv ðə kəˈmərʃəl ˈvərsəz sɛlf səˈfɪʃənt ənd ðoʊz sɛlf kənˈfɛst ʃoʊ ɪkˈstɛnʃənz ənd ɪt ɪz ˈprɪti klɪr 90 əv ðə pleɪər beɪs wɪl bi ɪn ðə zoʊn. ɛz rɪˈgɑrdz ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈɛləmənt ənd ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˈnæʧərəl kəˌlæbərˈeɪʃən ɪn ðə geɪmz, ðə fækt ðət ˈmidiə ɪz ˈmoʊstli ˈskætərd ɔn ˈoʊpən ˈsoʊʃəl ˈplætˌfɔrmz (ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ril wərld) ənd ˈfɪkʃənəl ˈkɛrɪktərz ˈɔfən ˌɪnˈhæbət ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈsoʊʃəl ˈnɛtˌwərks, ˈʃʊrli ðɪs ɪz ʤɪst ənd ˌpɑrˈtɪsəpəˌtɔri storytelling’*’? əˈgɛn ðɛr ɪz noʊ ril ˈænsər bɪɔnd ə sɪˈmæntɪk ənd ˈkɑmən ˈtaɪmlaɪn. wɪʧ keɪm fərst kraʊdz ˈflədɪŋ əˈkrɔs ˈplætˌfɔrmz ˈdrɪvən baɪ ˈsoʊʃəl ˌmoʊtəˈveɪʃənz (θɪŋk ˈmoʊbəl tˈwɪtər, ˈfeɪsˌbʊk, ˈjuˌtub) ər ˈmidiə ˈsərvɪsɪz ɪnˈkərəʤɪŋ kənˈsumərz tɪ muv əˈkrɔs ˈplætˌfɔrmz fjuəld baɪ ðɛr ˈwəndərfəl ˈstɔriˌtɛlɪŋ? aɪ ˈpərsənəli bɪˈliv wət wi ˈkərəntli dɪˈfaɪn ɛz ˌtrænzˈmidiə həz bɪn ˈpɪgi ˈbækɪŋ ɔn wət wi naʊ kɔl ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə fər ðə pæst 15 jɪrz. aɪ wɑz ˈləki tɪ hæv ə fju drɪŋks wɪθ krɪs ˈsændbərg ə fju mənθs əˈgoʊ ɪn ˈsɪdni. ˈmɛni wɪl noʊ ɪm ɛz ə ki kriˈeɪtər əv truθ əˈbaʊt marika‘*‘. wi əˈgrid ɪn noʊ ənˈsərtən tərmz ðət hæv tu klɪr saɪdz wənz ðət ər ˈpjʊrli bɪg bək pərˈmoʊʃənəl ənd ˈəðərz ðət ər əˈbaʊt nu fɔrm ˈstɔriˌtɛlɪŋ, kriˈeɪtɪŋ ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈdɪfərənt, ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ˈɔdiəns ɪn ə weɪ. aɪ kwoʊt ɪm ɔn hɪz vju əv kəˈmərʃəl arg’*’ bət wɪl ɪn ə ˈlɔŋgər poʊst əˈbaʊt tɪ bi ˈpəblɪʃt ɔn ðə ˈdɪfərənsɪz bɪtˈwin ˈstɔri ənd brænd beɪst ənd ɑgˈmɛntəd ˌriˈæləˌti aɪ ɪkˈstɛnsɪvli kˈwoʊtɪd frəm hɪz tɔk ɔn hɪz oʊn ˈɛfərts ɪn ðə ˈɛriə wɪθ marika*. ðə bɛst ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusərz ðə ˈɪntərvˌju ˈoʊˈkeɪ ðɪs ɪz ðə pɔɪnt ɪn ə poʊst wɛr ju ˈriəˌlaɪz ju hæv gɔn ɔn weɪ tu lɔŋ ənd nɑt jɛt ˈrɪli ˈtækəld ðə ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən əv ðə ˈtaɪtəl. ɪt ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi ˈdɪfəkəlt ɪn ə nɑt soʊ ˈklɪrli dɪˈfaɪnd ˈmidiəm tɪ aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ ðə treɪts ðət meɪk əp ðə aɪˈdil ˈpərsən tɪ kriˈeɪt ðə ˈkɑntɛnt ɪn ðət ˈmidiəm. bət ˈteɪkɪŋ maɪ pərˈspɛktɪv ðət ˌtrænzˈmidiə (ɛz ən ɪˈvɑlvd, ɛkˌspɛriˈɛnʃəl fɔrm) ɪz ˈnɪrər tɪ maɪ ˈmɛni ˈpriviəs poʊsts ɔn ðɪs ˈtɑpɪk (eg*: hir ənd hir ənd hir) ə ˈbælənst ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən əv ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ˈnɛtˌwərkɪŋ ˈwɪzdəm əv kraʊdz ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈməlti ˈlɛvəl, rɪˈspɑnsɪv daɪˈnæmɪk ənd ˈrɪʧər ˈstætɪk ˈstɔri kəmˈjunɪti kriˈeɪtɪd ˈkɑntɛnt ˈklɛvər ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈbrɪʤɪz əˈkrɔs ˈplætˌfɔrmz ˈvərsəz ə ˈɔθərd ˈbrændɪd ər ˌædvərˈtɔriəl meɪz, lɛts si wɪʧ əv ðiz ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈmidiə kriˈeɪtərz ər moʊst ˈsutəbəl fər ðɪs nu ˈmidiə roʊl? aɪ æm ʃʊr ju ər ɪkˈspɛktɪŋ ə kənˈklusɪv əv ɔl ðə skillsets’*’ ˈkəmɪŋ əp wɪʧ aɪ wɪl traɪ tɪ rɪˈfreɪn frəm! soʊ ɪn ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkəl ˈɔrdər ənd beɪst ɔn maɪ miˈændərɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns wɪθ iʧ əv ðiz taɪp əv foʊk, səm ənd ɛz tɪ ðɛr ˌsutəˈbɪlɪti fər ðə roʊl ˈwɔrnɪŋ noʊt: ˈstɛrioʊˌtaɪps əˈbaʊnd ɪkˈskjuz ðə ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ˈɔfən ˈmoʊtəˌveɪtəd baɪ ˈlərnɪŋ ˈaʊtˌkəmz ənd ˈðɛrˌfɔr ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ pʊt ˈmɛʒərmənt ənd ɪkˌspɛrəmənˈteɪʃən ˈoʊvər ə kəmˈpɛlɪŋ ˈstɔri ɪkˈspɪriəns ənd ˈpræktɪkəl ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən ðɪs taɪp ər gʊd ɪn ˈrisərʧ ər ˈərli kənˈsəltənt roʊlz bət nɑt ɪn ə prəˈdusər roʊl. səm ˌækəˈdɛmɪks ər ˈvɛri ˈjusfəl ɪn aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪɪŋ ˈimərʤɪŋ tɛkˈnɑləʤi tu wɪʧ maɪt gɪv ju səm ər ‘‘cool’ness’*’ ˈvælju, bət ˈnəθɪŋ mɔr. ðə ˈfɪlˌmeɪkər frəm ə ˈbækˌgraʊnd əv ˈtɛlɪŋ ‘‘their’*’ ˈstɔriz ənd ˈpʊtɪŋ ðɛr neɪm ˈkəmpəˌni fərst ənd ˈfɔrˌmoʊst ðiz ər nɑt ðə bɛst ˈsoʊʃəl ər geɪm kriˈeɪtərz ɪn ə ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈkɑntɛkst bət ðə gʊd wənz ˈɑbviəsli kriˈeɪt ðə bɛst ‘‘produced’*’ ˈvɪdioʊ məˈtɪriəl fər ə ˌtrænzˈmidiə pərˈdəkʃən. bət ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðeɪ kən ˈsəmˌtaɪmz kriˈeɪt kəmˈpɛlɪŋ fɪkst ˈkɑntɛnt ənd æt ə pʊʃ ˈfrægməntɪd (webisode-like*) rɪʧ ˈstɔri ɪt ɪz ˈɔfən ˈoʊvər ˈɔθərd, ˈrɪʤɪd soʊ ðə ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈɛləmənts ər ər ˌsupərˈfɪʃəl add-ons*. ˈɔlsoʊ ðeɪ ðɛmˈsɛlvz ər ənˈlaɪkli tɪ bi embedded’*’ ɪn ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈsoʊʃəl ərˈinəz ər pleɪ geɪmz soʊ ˈðɛrˌfɔr riˈmuvd frəm ˈgɪvɪŋ səm əv ðə ˈstɔri kriˈeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈjuzərz. ðeɪ si ˌtrænzˈmidiə praɪˈmɛrəli ɛz ə weɪ tɪ prəˈmoʊt ðɛr ril ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ðə speɪs ənd gɪt ˈaɪˌbɔlz ɔn ðɛr ril ˈpæʃən, ðə ˈməðərˌʃɪp fɪlmz. ˈɔlsoʊ ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈivɪn mɔr ˈeɪliən tɪ ðə ˈfɪlˌmeɪkər ɪz ðə ɪˈvɑlvɪŋ ˈstɔri ɛz ðə ˌtrænzˈmidiə ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈprɑˌgrɛsəz min aɪ hæv tɪ kriˈeɪt mɔr məˈtɪriəl ɔn ðə fly!!”*!!” ənd ˈivɪn ˈlaʊdər tɪ ðə audience!!!”*!!!” ðə bʊk ˈɔθər aɪˈdili ˈsutɪd tɪ ˈplænɪŋ ðə dɪˈstrɪbjətəd ˈstɔri ɛz gʊd ˈraɪtərz məˈtɪkjələsli ˈstrəkʧər ðə ˈnɛrətɪv ɑrks tɪ kriˈeɪt ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət ɪn ðə maɪnd əv ðə ˈridər ˈrɪli teɪks ðɛm ɔn ə ˈmɛntəl, ɛkˌspɛriˈɛnʃəl ˈʤərni. bət ɛz (ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusərz) ðiz foʊk ər nɑt aɪˈdil ɛz ðeɪ ər ˈmoʊtəˌveɪtəd əˈgɛn baɪ kənˈtroʊl ənd ˈɔθərˌʃɪp ənd ˈivɪn mɔr ˈlɑkɪŋ daʊn ðɛr ˈkɑntɛnt ˈɪntu ðə ˈprɪnɪd fɔrm (ɛz ɪf ðət ˈsəmˌhaʊ ɪz ðə ˈpɪnəkəl əv ˈstɔriˌtɛlɪŋ). æm ə ˈpəblɪʃt ˈɔθər therefore…”*…” ju noʊ ðə rɛst. soʊ ðeɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈæˌspɛkts ˈivɪn lɛs ðən ˈfɪlˌmeɪkərz bət ðɛr ər səm gʊd ˈraɪtərz hu ˈrɪli gɪt ˈgeɪmɪŋ ˈprɪnsəpəlz, tɪ ə ˈsərtən dɪˈgri. ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə kənˈsəltənt ə nu ˈkætəˌgɔri əv pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusər ˈimərʤɪŋ. aɪˈdili ˈsutɪd tɪ bɪld kəmˈjunɪti ˈoʊvər taɪm ənd fɔrʤ ˈɪntərˌpleɪ bɪtˈwin ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈmɛmbərz. ðɛr ɪz ə fɑr ˈrɪʧər ˈsɪnərʤi bɪtˈwin ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə ənd ˈmidiə ðən ðə trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈmidiə ˈkænədɪts ənd ðeɪ ˌəndərˈstænd wət draɪvz pɑrˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən ˈvərsəz ˈpæsɪv kənˈsəmʃən. ðət sɛd ðiz foʊk ər nɑt ˈjuʒəwəli ˈstɔriˌtɛlərz ər ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈkɑnstrəkt ˈpaʊərfəl ənd ‘‘temporal’*’ ˈfɪkʃənəl ˈnɛrətɪv ə gʊd ˈblɔgər, ə ˈmæʤɪk ˈriəlɪzm ˈstɔriˌtɛlər dɪz nɑt meɪk. ðeɪ ˈɔfən fɔl daʊn ɪn value’*’ ˈɛriəz, ˈkəmɪŋ frəm ə ˈmoʊstli wɛb ˈbækˌgraʊnd wɛr gʊd ˌtrænzˈmidiə nidz ‘‘authentic’*’ wɛl prəˈdust ɛz pɑrt əv ɪts mɪks, ðeɪ ər ˈɔfən lɛft ˈlækɪŋ. ðə geɪm dɪˈzaɪnər jɛs ə streɪnʤ brid. ɪn ˈθɪri ɪf ˌtrænzˈmidiə həz ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈɛləmənt əv kəˈlæbərˌeɪtɪv ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ (tɪ æt list ˈmoʊtəˌveɪt səm əv ðə trans’ing*) ðɛn ə geɪm prəˈdusər ʃʊd bi aɪˈdili ˈsutɪd. ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd pleɪ ənd ˈpaʊərfəl kwɛst tɛkˈniks ðə geɪm kriˈeɪtər wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ meɪk ðə ˌtrænzˈmidiə ɪkˈspɪriəns mɔr ‘‘immersive’*’ ənd ˈæktɪv (ˈvərsəz ʤɪst ˈpɪkɪŋ əp ˈmɔrsəlz əv ˈkɑntɛnt hir ənd ðɛr). bət ɛz ˈjuʒəwəl frəm ə lɔŋ ˈbækˌgraʊnd əv ˈrəðər ˌsupərˈfɪʃəl ənd θɪn ˈstɔri ðɪs ˈkænədɪt wɪl əˈgɛn fɔl daʊn ɔn ðə ‘‘deep’*’ ˈstɔri ˈkætəˌgɔri. ənˈlɛs ðə ˈjuzərz fil ðət ðɛr ɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ bɪɔnd ə ˈsɪmpəl ˈeɪliən ˌɪnˈveɪʒən ər streɪnʤ ˈaʊtˌbreɪk əv ðeɪ wɪl lus ˈɪntəˌrɛst kˈwɪkli ənd ˈkɛrfəli ˈstrəkʧərɪŋ ənd rɪˈvil ɪz nɑt ˈɔfən ðə tru doʊˈmeɪn əv ðə geɪm dɪˈvɛləpər ˈmoʊstli. (ðɪs ɪz ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ əv kɔrs ənd wi ʃæl ˌrivˈju ðɪs ˈkænədɪt ɪn 2 jɪrz taɪm!) ðə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən prəˈdusər ˈdrɪvən baɪ ˈaɪˌbɔlz (ˈiðər tɪ ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ˈpəblɪk ˈsərvɪs riˈmɪt ər ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ ˈdɔlər) ðɪs ɪz ɔl əˈbaʊt ˈvɑljum. ðə moʊst ˈpaʊərfəl ˈælaɪ əv ˌtrænzˈmidiə ɪz ˈbrɔdˌkæst ˌɛpəˈsɑdɪk, ˈeɪbəl tɪ brɪŋ ˈstɔri ɪn ə ˈstrəkʧərd weɪ ˈoʊvər taɪm tɪ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl ənd muv ðɛm əraʊnd ənd əˈkrɔs ˈplætˌfɔrmz. bət ˈivɪn mɔr ðən ðə ˈfɪlˌmeɪkər ðə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ʃoʊ ˈdɑməˌneɪts. æt fərst sin ɛz ə səˈpɔrtɪŋ roʊl, ðə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən prəˈdusər ðɛmˈsɛlvz rɪˈpɔrts ˈəpwərdz ənd ˈivɪn ðə moʊst ˌɛnˈlaɪtənd ˈʧænəl kənˈtroʊlər ɪz mɔr ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈreɪtɪŋz ðən wɛb ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt. soʊ ðə ˌtrænzˈmidiə kəmˈpoʊnənts ər əˈgɛn ˈrɛləˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ə ˌsəpləˈmɛntəˌri roʊl. bət ðiz ər ˈprɑbəˌbli wən əv ðə bɛst ˈkænədɪts, prəˈdusɪŋ ˈkɑntɛnt ˈɔfən ɪn ə lɪv ənd ˈræpədli prəˈdust ˈkɑntɛkst, ə ˈhɪstəri əv səm ˈlɛvəl əv dɪˈskəʃən ənd ɪkˌspɛrəmənˈteɪʃən wɪθ ðə ˈɔdiəns bət ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən tɪ ˈmɛni ˌtrænzˈmidiə kənˈsumərz ɪz naʊ ʤɪst pɑrt əv ˈvɪdioʊ dɪˈlɪvərd tɪ ə skrin ənd ˈðɛrˌfɔr ənˈlɛs ɪt ɪz əˈpɔɪntmənt tɪ vju (lɪv) ðə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən roʊl ɪz strɔŋ bət nɑt ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˌɛniˈmɔr. ðə wɛb dɪˈvɛləpər jɛs ðə ˈɑbviəs ʧɔɪs. tɛl mi əˈbaʊt ˈjɔrsɛlf. aɪ noʊ ənd mysql*, dɪˈvɛləpt ə reɪnʤ əv ənd hoʊld ɪt ðɛr. ʃʊr səm ər greɪt ˈstɔriˌtɛlərz ənd ˈmɛni ər nɑt ˈtɛkiz bət ˈspɛndɪŋ moʊst əv ðɛr taɪm prəˈdusɪŋ wɛb ɪnˈvaɪrənmənts həz prəˈdust ə ˈpərsən ˈsəfərɪŋ ˈrəðər frəm æd. ðeɪ ər greɪt multi-taskers*, ˈeɪbəl tɪ rɪˈspɑnd kˈwɪkli bət ˈkænɑt ˈmænɪʤ ər kriˈeɪt ðə 3 ər 6 mənθ ˈstɔri. ˈkɑnstəntli ˈʃɪftɪŋ bɪtˈwin ˈmɪni ˈstɔriz ɔn tɛnz əv ki saɪts, səm pʊʃt (wɛb ˈmɛni pʊld ˈmidiə) ɪt ɪz ɔl əˈbaʊt ðə 3 ˈmɪnət ər 13 laɪnd tˈwɪtər θrɛd ənd nɑt əˈbaʊt ðə ˌɛnɪgˈmætɪk ˈdipər ˈstɔri ˈjunəˌvərs. ðə ˈreɪdiˌoʊ prəˈdusər ə dɑrk hɔrs ˈkænədɪt. ðə prəˈdusər əˈspɛʃəli ˌəndərˈstændz haʊ ˈtɑpɪk əv ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən ənd ˈstɔri kən bi greɪt kɔl tɪ ˈækʃənz fər ɪts ˈlɪsənɪŋ kəmˈjunɪti. ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈdipli ɛmˈbɛdɪd ˈɪntu loʊˈkeɪʃən, nɑt taɪd tɪ bət kən ɪgˈzɪst ˈɔlˌmoʊst jɛt ˈpaʊərfəl ɪˈnəf (ɛz wi faʊnd aʊt wɪθ ðə wɔr əv wərld ˈbrɔdˌkæst) tɪ kənˈvɪns ˈpipəl ðət ˈfɪkʃən ɪz ˌriˈæləˌti. ðə ˈbækˌgraʊnd ənd ˈtreɪnɪŋ əv ðə ˈreɪdiˌoʊ prəˈdusər ðoʊ minz ðeɪ hæv hæd jɪrz əv biɪŋ lɑkt ɪn dɑrk, dæŋk ˈstudiˌoʊz ənd nɑt hæd taɪm tɪ ˈrɪli ˌəndərˈstænd ˈməltəpəl ˈmidiə bət ˈdɛfənətli ə ˈkænədɪt fər ðə fˈjuʧər. ðə ˈædvərˌtaɪzər ˈoʊˈkeɪ ðoʊz ˈpɛski ˈædvərˌtaɪzər taɪps. ˈɔlˌweɪz kwɪk tɪ ʤəmp ɔn ðə nɛkst bɪg ˈbændˌwægən ənd sprɛd ðɛr ˈmɛsɪʤɪz. ðeɪ ˌəndərˈstænd haʊ tɪ græb ˈaɪˌbɔlz wɪn ənd wɛˈrɛvər ðeɪ ər ɔn ðə bəs, ɪn ðə ˈtɔɪlət, laɪɪŋ ɔn ðə græs ɪn ðə pɑrk (oʊ ənd ɔl ðoʊz skrinz tu). əˈdɛpt æt ˈpʊlɪŋ əˈtɛnʃən təˈwɔrdz ðɛm ənd ˈlɑkɪŋ ˈpipəl ˈɪntu ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz bət weɪt ðoʊz ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz læst ə ˈmɪnət, tɛn ˈmɪnəts, ˈmæksəməm ə fju deɪz. nɑt gʊd ɪˈnəf ˈædvərˌtaɪzər. ʃɔrt hɛd ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz du nɑt kət ðə ˈməstərd ju məst ɪkˈstɛnd, hæv ˈlɔŋgər ˈstɔriz ənd ɪnˈgeɪʤ æt ˈməltəpəl ˈlɛvəlz tɪ bi ə ril ˈkænədɪt fər ðə ʤɑb. traɪ ˈhɑrdər. jəŋ, oʊld ər nɑt jɛt bɔrn raɪt, ˈhɛʤɪŋ maɪ bɛts ər ˈrəðər ˈskreɪpɪŋ ðə ˈbɛrəl naʊ. ˈpipəl hu ər ˈiðər tu oʊld tɪ bi kɔt əp ɪn ðə ‘‘confusion’*’ əv ˈkɑrənt ˈməltəpəl ˈplætˌfɔrmz ər tu jəŋ tɪ ˈivɪn si ðə kənfˈjuʒən. əv kɔrs ɪt ɪz ˈlaɪkli ðət ðə bɛst ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusərz wɪl kəm frəm ðoʊz hu du nɑt kɛr əˈbaʊt ðə wərd ‘‘transmedia’*’ ər wət wi (ɛz ˈmidiə ˈɛkspərts) θɪŋk ɪt ɪz. ðeɪ lɪv ənd brið ðɪs stəf wɪˈθaʊt ˈrikɔrs tɪ ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən ər ˌfɔrmjəˈleɪɪk trɛnd. aʊt əv ˈɪgnərəns kəmz blɪs bət men’*’. ˌrivˈju ðɪs ˈkænədɪt ɪn faɪv jɪrz taɪm. kənˈkluʒən ɪʃ soʊ ɛndz ðə ˈɪntərvˌju ənd ðɛr ər noʊ daʊt ˈmɛni ˈəðər ˈkænədɪts ɪˈvɛnt organisers*, mˈjuzɪkəl dɪˈrɛktərz, ˈmænɪʤərz ˌɛtˈsɛtərə spərɪŋ tɪ maɪnd. ˈoʊˈkeɪ ɔl ðɪs ɪz ˈmaɪldli təŋ ɪn ʧik bət ɪt dɪz reɪz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt dɪˈlɛmə. wət ɪgˈzæktli ɪz ənd wət ɪz meɪd baɪ ə ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusər? aɪ wɪl hæv tɪ seɪ ðət aɪˈdili ðə ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusər laɪk ə gʊd producer’*’ wɪl hæv hæd ɪkˈspɪriəns æt ‘‘all’*’ ˈɛriəz ðeɪ ər ˈgɪvɪŋ dɪˈrɛkʃɪn ɪn (ənd pərˈhæps ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz). soʊ tɪ gɪt ðə ˈɑbviəs aʊt əv ðə weɪ ɪf ju ər kənˈsɪdərɪŋ bɪˈkəmɪŋ ər ˈkɔlɪŋ ˈjɔrsɛlf ə ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusər meɪk ʃʊr ju ər ɪkˈspɪriənst ɪn ˈdipli ɛmˈbɛdɪd əˈkrɔs geɪmz, fɪlm, ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən, ˈmidiə ˈbɪznɪs, ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə, ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ, wɛb tɛk. ɪf nɑt kənˈsɪdər bɪˈkəmɪŋ ə greɪt ˈməlti ˈplætˌfɔrm tim ˈmænɪʤər. ɪt ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ bi hɑrd tɪ ˈɔlsoʊ aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ ɪkˈspɪriənst ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusərz ðoʊz hu ər səˈpoʊzədli ɔˈrɛdi gʊd æt ɪt. wənz ðət hæv meɪd ə ˌdɑkjəˈmɛnəri wɪθ ə kənˈtrɪbjəˌtɔri ˈjuˌtub beɪst ˈɛləmənt ənd wən ən əˈwɔrd ər ˈhɑrdli gʊd krɔs ˈmidiə ˈstɔriˌtɛlərz bət wɪl ˈhæpəli ˈædvərˌtaɪz ðɛmˈsɛlvz ɛz ˈwɪnɪŋ ˌtrænzˈmidiə producer’*’! ˈniðər ər ðoʊz ˈædvərˌtaɪzərz hu meɪd ə kul ɑgˈmɛntəd ˌriˈæləˌti ˈmɑrkər æd lɪŋkt tɪ ə 30 ˈsɛkənd spɑt ər ə ˈfɪlˌmeɪkər hu kriˈeɪtɪd ə ˈspuki ‘‘outdoor’*’ ɪˈvɛnt ɪn ə ˈsɪti kləb rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðɛr fɪlm. wi wɪl ˌɪnˈdid hæv tɪ weɪt fər ðə stɑrz tɪ ˈimərʤ. wɪʧ ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈreɪzɪz əˈnəðər ˈkrɪtɪkəl kˈwɛʃən ənˈtɪl wi gɪt ə fju stɑrz (bɪɔnd brænd ˈfoʊkɪst ˈeɪʤənsi taɪps) wət wɪl əˈtrækt ðə ˈwɑnəˌbi ˈtælənt. ðoʊz aɪˈdil ˌrɛnəˈsɑns foʊk, əˈdɛpt ɪn fɪlm wɛb ˌɛtˈsɛtərə ˌɛtˈsɛtərə: hu wɪl si ˌtrænzˈmidiə ˈstɔriˌtɛlɪŋ ɛz ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət wɪl mit ðɛr nidz, ə pɑrt əv ðɛr ego-system*. fər əˈnəðər poʊst. soʊ ðɪs poʊst məst ɛnd ɔn ə bɪt əv ə anti-climax*. ə ˈmidiəm ðət ɪz tu ˈbrɔdli dɪˈfaɪnd ənd ə nu roʊl ðət ɪz ˈivɪn lɛs dɪˈfaɪnd minz ɪt ɪz naɪ ɔn ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ ðə ˈpərˌfɪkt ˌtrænzˈmidiə prəˈdusər. wən θɪŋ ɪz klɪr ðoʊ. ˈɛni əv ðə əˈbəv hu ɪz ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ pʊt ðɛmˈsɛlvz ɪn ðə ˈspɑˌtlaɪt ənd ɪkˈspɛrəmənt, traɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ nu ənd ərˈɪʤənəl əˈkrɔs ˈməlti ˈplætˌfɔrmz, teɪk rɪsks, kip əˈweɪ frəm ˈtrɛndɪŋ ˌfɔrmjəˈleɪɪk ˈpriviəs ɪkˈspɛrəmənts, ʃʊd, ɪn maɪ maɪnd, bi əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ʤɑb æt list ɔn ə traɪəl ˈbeɪsɪs

…and the truth about args. now that transmedia is everywhere and the producers guild of america have turned the ‘transmedia producer’ into a bona fide (or at least recognised) professional role one thing that rears cross-media head is, who and where are the best transmedia producers going to come from? i have spent a good part of the last 15 years mentoring & training traditional & non-traditional media types in multiple platform content and now question where the best producers of this multifaceted ‘new’ content will come from – academia, film, book authors, social media consultants, game designers, tv, web developers, radio, advertisers, young, old, not yet born? read on, a ‘hypothetical’ interview follows 🙂 and this is an opinion piece i cannot put in my book or lecture about! transmedia – ambiguous concept? firstly what is it and does it actually mean anything at all? it is fantastic that the term ‘transmedia’ is now so widespread across the industry and with the official credit (attached ironically to film primarily) but is it a bubble about to burst – is what we have come to know as ‘transmedia’ in danger of being blown out of all proportion. here are some of the problems: everyone is a transmedia producer – yes you’ve made a website that is attached to a tv show, your a tp. created a mobile game that has a line or two from the comic, you’re a tp. no one will police this – is it a truly integrated story environment, does it have clever plot links or consistent characters?. a tp is a decathlete (multi-skilled, hard to get a one word answer about what they do in a bar!), gone is nice and simple mono media, a tv producer makes tv shows, film director directs films. you can be a tp if you merge your story across two or more media areas? but more on this later in the post. transmedia as a concept is not focused. ok i know henry jenkin’s original definition has been spread around the web but it is a definition that is too broad. perhaps i should exercise my floccinaucinihilipilification and suggest that something that tries to describe everything is actually worthless? transmedia like a black hole in the universe it tries to describe sucks in everything that has come before (cross media, 360, social media, augmented reality, pervasive gaming and so on). at the other end of this spectrum citing matrix or blair witch or other brand to justify the ‘field’ as mainstream it becomes apparent that the quoted definition itself is rather vacuuous. to quote jenkins again from an la times article, transmedia – “means telling a story across different platforms, each element of which may or may not stand on its own but contributes to an enriched, dynamic, more participatory and “lifelike” experience.” we are still in the hype phase. basically anything cool and different those transmedia types (and i point the finger at myself too btw) will take ownership of. i even heard the other day someone say transmedia is the new social media and augmented reality even gets a look in. i am not surprised those still getting their head around the ‘story’ potential of social networks or a cute mobile game find it all rather, dis-jointed. also the increase in experimental and experiential ‘event’ based marketing suddenly meant transmedia is now inextricably linked with brand extensions (tv, film, product) – anything that is not a linear, branded film or tv show. i think for those who live in the transmedia echo chamber this has been the case for many years. it feels rather academic. trans-media used to be an alternative semi-academic term to ‘cross-media’ ( trans-media used to be an alternative semi-academic term to ‘cross-media’ ( trans , from the latin ‘crossing’) but is now used to describe everything, non-linear, interactive, extension, participatory, social, brand, play, multi-platform, pervasive and so on. the idea that stories would be told in different places goes back thousands of years but in a modern media context a rich target for study and theorizing. along came henry jenkins who coined the term transmedia almost a decade after the first basic cross-media incarnation. henry admirably self confesses as being ‘too busy lecturing and presenting about transmedia, to partake’ of the industrial flavour of transmedia “some of it is not well done yet”. it is still a teenager. it has grown up before time and become a troublesome big headed teenager without any true home and turned into a dysfunctional orphan at once protectively nurtured by over possessive academics, hijacked by experimental ad agencies and hardly understood by flailing stuck-in-time broadcasters. originally cross-media was an intellectually stimulating concept – memories of mid 90s, it has grown up before time and become a troublesome big headed teenager without any true home and turned into a dysfunctional orphan at once protectively nurtured by over possessive academics, hijacked by experimental ad agencies and hardly understood by flailing stuck-in-time broadcasters. originally cross-media was an intellectually stimulating concept – memories of mid 90s, pioneering bbc days also my old friend brian seth-hurst who is “referred to as “the father of cross platform” hurst coined the term in 1998 as md of convergent media at pittard sullivan”. earlier definitions just talked about story based ‘crossing platforms’ element but since the exponential increase in social media as a place for millions to dwell it has suddenly had the participatory/social part added and also a suggestion that it is now a more integrated form of storytelling, i suppose i should have added a level 5 to my 5 year old (but about to be removed!) wikipedia cross media definition! danger of being hijacked – alongside all of this we have a ‘clique’ of so-called experts who try to describe something which is so simple on one hand (stuff on multiple platforms) yet so ambiguous on the other (fragmented narrative effervescence) – time will expose the transmedia echo chamber i suppose. – alongside all of this we have a ‘clique’ of so-called experts who try to describe something which is so simple on one hand (stuff on multiple platforms) yet so ambiguous on the other (fragmented narrative effervescence) – time will expose the transmedia echo chamber i suppose. of course i have nothing against the term per-say in the absence of alternatives having created transmedia entities/sites like transmediadesign.org or lamp.edu.au or muvedesign.com – all transmedia in focus – but lets start thinking about the emperors clothes. indeed the producers guild definition of the tp, however bold in its intention, is still a little ambiguous about the precise elements of the role to say the least a transmedia narrative project or franchise must consist of three (or more) narrative storylines existing within the same fictional universe on any of the following platforms: film, television, short film, broadband, publishing, comics, animation, mobile, special venues, dvd/blu-ray/cd-rom, narrative commercial and marketing rollouts, and other technologies that may or may not currently exist. these narrative extensions are not the same as repurposing material from one platform to be cut or repurposed to different platforms. a transmedia producer credit is given to the person(s) responsible for a significant portion of a project’s long-term planning, development, production, and/or maintenance of narrative continuity across multiple platforms, and creation of original storylines for new platforms. transmedia producers also create and implement interactive endeavors to unite the audience of the property with the canonical narrative and this element should be considered as valid qualification for credit as long as they are related directly to the narrative presentation of a project. transmedia producers may originate with a project or be brought in at any time during the long-term rollout of a project in order to analyze, create or facilitate the life of that project and may be responsible for all or only part of the content of the project. transmedia producers may also be hired by or partner with companies or entities, which develop software and other technologies and who wish to showcase these inventions with compelling, immersive, multi-platform content. transmedia – content (the truth about args?) but this post is not just about the word – there are hundreds of blog posts even now still trying to really get under the surface of what transmedia means and it is too easy to fall down the semantic rabbit hole of terminology and the endless subjective splits between academics, industry and wannabes. perhaps something more concrete can be found in the ‘transmedia stuff’ itself. what is this stuff and who is making it? lets choose three reference points. at one end of the spectrum we have the dabblers. those who create a website for a tv show, a mobile game and if pushed ‘something else’ and call it transmedia. it may or may not have a parallel, adapted or continuous story thread, any social element whatsoever but they call themselves multi-platform, transmedia producers. in the middle we have those who wave the flag of ‘alternate entertainment’ but in reality are doing nothing more than tv or film programme extensions and putting 80s style ‘interactive’ (ooooo!) cd roms on the web – you know those point, click, watch a video, solve a puzzle, quest efforts, perhaps a bit in a magazine or on a billboard but (note the cynicism) really a bunch of ‘video rich’ websites sitting on the coat tails of a tv brand that already has a few million followers eager to bond and help each other out. at the far end we are into pervasive gamer territory, experimental academics and installation artists – always trying to counter formulaic mainstream media for their audiences of tens or at most hundreds. i realise i probably sound overly cynical here but there is a palpable, odd smell in the air as the umpteenth major article on transmedia incessantly cites decade old blair witch, i love bees, matrix and recent big brand ‘stuff on multiple platforms’ without any grounded references to the profoundly deeper transition phase we are in. the change only just begun and which is not about the ‘superficiality’ around linear brands but a much more profound journey towards social media entertainment and people powered play. one of the poster boys of transmedia storytelling is of course the alternate reality game – and indeed i rave about this as a form having the best synergy with multi platform narrative. but i also mention that broadcasters (film and tv) need to be wary of academics and trendy ad agences with their formulaic, transmedia templates, often sold with an alternate reality game (arg) label. there are way too many that now follow a regimented formula that has evolved over the past 5 or so years, yet they still call these ‘services’ innovative. templating itself is a road to production efficiency but also ‘creative’ failure as we have seen with so many other forms, interactive tv, web 1.0, the tv cop show etc: all lead to mediocrity. i personally cringe when i see an arg structured along these rather broadcast lines – trailheads – usb sticks with crackly video, defaced billboards, inserts in tv ads, intrusive/spammy sms dodgy corporate videos – often tongue in cheek ‘dark or light’ – good/evil overtones even dodgier circa 1990’s corporate websites – supposed to be realistic but come out like a cowboy town film set, 1 level deep and stereotypical copy 2nd division acting by wannabes pretending to be pollies or pseudo private eyes or trapped victims on quickly setup youtube accounts endless cryptic web or outdoor clues. regurgitated 80s cd rom, anagrams or hyroglyph puzzles – toynbee anyone? poorly executed social network component, rushed install of a sn engine with endless cross-links to new characters on facebook set outdoor pieces. the obligatory bill boards or broadcast projections flash mobs – many and various good args and transmedia storytelling are like a high quality wine, carefully planned, allowed to grow and mature and drunk with an appreciative social group. ok i am as guilty as everyone else creating a bunch of thrown together mini args over the last few year but arg’s are held up as the most ‘evolved’ example of the transmedia form – listening to many of the experts you would think the term ‘transmedia’ and arg are interchangeable in fact. i also use args a great deal when lecturing on how multi platform or networked media design can be utilised to great effect while demoing my own transmedia projects. the creative force of args is all about crossing platforms, distributing story fragments in wild and wacky places then giving the connected users/audience/players something to chew on and do – mostly. but in showing the form as good example one is then confronted with a key question from students and nay sayers, those who likely see the ‘lack of’ emperors clothes. “surely args (that require a lot of work on the part of the player) are dependent on existing brands & film/tv properties, and will only work with a reasonably large fan base of the initial property – the bottom line wouldn’t exist if they didn’t have big ‘advertorial’ sponsorship?” so are alternate reality games leeches or leaders? are args and transmedia just a subset of social media? how is the success of args measured? my simple chart captures some of the commercial vs self sufficient args and those self confessed show extensions and it is pretty clear 90% of the player base will be in the branded/marketing zone. as regards the social element and given the natural collaboration in the games, the fact that media is mostly scattered on open social platforms (including the real world) and fictional characters often inhabit existing social networks, surely this is just ‘social and participatory storytelling’? again there is no real answer beyond a semantic cross-over and common timeline. which came first crowds flooding across platforms driven by social motivations (think mobile twitter, facebook, youtube) or media services encouraging consumers to move across platforms fuelled by their wonderful storytelling? i personally believe what we currently define as transmedia has been piggy backing on what we now call social media for the past 15 years. i was lucky to have a few drinks with chris sandberg a few months ago in sydney. many will know him as a key creator of ‘the truth about marika‘. we agreed in no uncertain terms that args have two clear sides – ones that are purely big buck promotional and others that are about new form storytelling, creating something different, involving audience in a co-creative way. i won’t quote him on his view of ‘the commercial arg’ but will in a longer post about to be published on the differences between story and brand based arg and augmented reality – i extensively quoted from his talk on his own efforts in the area with marika. the best transmedia producers – the interview ok this is the point in a post where you realise you have gone on way too long and not yet really tackled the intention of the title. it is always going to be difficult in a not so clearly defined medium to identify the traits that make up the ideal person to create the content in that medium. but taking my perspective that transmedia (as an evolved, experiential form) is nearer to my many previous posts on this topic (eg: here and here and here) a balanced combination of social media networking wisdom of crowds gaming multi level, responsive dynamic and richer static story community created content clever technical bridges across platforms vs a locked-down authored branded or advertorial maze, lets see which of these existing media creators are most suitable for this new media role? btw i am sure you are expecting a conclusive ‘combination of all the skillsets’ coming up – which i will try to refrain from! so in alphabetical order and based on my meandering experience with each of these type of folk, some pro’s and con’s as to their suitability for the role 🙂 warning note: stereotypes abound – excuse 🙂 the academic – often motivated by learning outcomes and therefore willing to put measurement and experimentation over a compelling story experience and practical implementation this type are good in research or early consultant roles but not in a producer role. some academics are very useful in identifying emerging technology too – which might give you some pr or ‘cool’ness’ value, but nothing more. the filmmaker – from a background of telling ‘their’ stories and putting their name and/or company first and foremost these are not the best social or game creators in a transmedia context but the good ones obviously create the best ‘produced’ video material for a transmedia production. but although they can sometimes create compelling fixed content and at a push fragmented (webisode-like) rich story it is often over authored, rigid so the transmedia elements are after-thoughts or superficial add-ons. also they themselves are unlikely to be ‘properly embedded’ in online social arenas or play games so therefore removed from giving some of the story creation to the users. they see transmedia primarily as a way to promote their real interest in the space and get eyeballs on their real passion, the mothership films. also something even more alien to the filmmaker is the evolving story – as the transmedia experience progresses “you mean i have to create more material on the fly!!” and even louder “listen to the audience!!!” the book author – ideally suited to planning the distributed story as good writers meticulously structure the narrative arcs to create something that in the mind of the reader really takes them on a mental, experiential journey. but as tps (transmedia producers) these folk are not ideal as they are motivated again by control and authorship and even more worryingly locking down their content into the printed form (as if that somehow is the pinnacle of storytelling). “i am a published author therefore…” you know the rest. so they understand the social aspects even less than filmmakers but there are some good writers who really get gaming principles, to a certain degree. the social media consultant – a new category of potential transmedia producer emerging. ideally suited to build community over time and forge interplay between the social network members. there is a far richer synergy between social media and gaming/contributed media than the traditional media candidates and they understand what drives participation vs passive consumption. that said these folk are not usually storytellers or able to construct powerful and immersive ‘temporal’ fictional narrative – a good blogger, a magic realism storyteller does not make. they often fall down in ‘production value’ areas, coming from a mostly web background where good transmedia needs ‘authentic’ well produced video/audio as part of its mix, they are often left lacking. the game designer – yes a strange breed. in theory if transmedia has a significant element of collaborative gameplay (to at least motivate some of the trans’ing) then a game producer should be ideally suited. able to understand play and powerful quest techniques the game creator will also make the transmedia experience more ‘immersive’ and active (vs just picking up morsels of content here and there). but as usual from a long background of rather superficial and thin story this candidate will again fall down on the ‘deep’ story category. unless the users feel that there is something beyond a simple alien invasion or strange outbreak of zombie’ness they will loose interest quickly and carefully structuring back-story and reveal is not often the true domain of the game developer – mostly. (this is changing of course and we shall review this candidate in 2 years time!) the tv producer – driven by eyeballs (either to justify public service remit or advertising dollar) this is all about volume. the most powerful ally of transmedia is broadcast episodic, able to bring story in a structured way over time to many people and move them around and across platforms. but even more than the filmmaker the tv show dominates. at first seen as a supporting role, the tv producer themselves reports upwards and even the most enlightened channel controller is more interested in tv ratings than web engagement. so the transmedia components are again relegated to a supplementary role. but these are probably one of the best candidates, producing content often in a live and rapidly produced context, a history of some level of discussion and experimentation with the audience – but tv to many transmedia consumers is now just part of video delivered to a screen and therefore unless it is appointment to view (live) the tv producer’s role is strong but not critical anymore. the web developer – yes the obvious choice. tell me about yourself. “well i know php and mysql, developed a range of api mashups and …” hold it there. sure some webbies are great storytellers and many are not techies but spending most of their time producing web environments has produced a person suffering rather from add. they are great multi-taskers, able to respond quickly but cannot manage or create the 3 or 6 month story. constantly shifting between mini stories on tens of key sites, some pushed (web 1.0) many pulled (soc media) it is all about the 3 minute youtube-bite or 13 lined twitter thread and not about the enigmatic deeper story universe. the radio producer – a dark horse candidate. the talk-back producer especially understands how topic of conversation and story can be great call to actions for its listening community. radio is also deeply embedded into location, not tied to cinema/tv/book but can exist almost ambiently yet powerful enough (as we found out with the 1950s war of world broadcast) to convince people that fiction is reality. the background and training of the radio producer though means they have had years of being locked in dark, dank studios and not had time to really understand multiple media – but definitely a candidate for the future. the advertiser – ok those pesky advertiser types. always quick to jump on the next big bandwagon and spread their messages. they understand how to grab eyeballs when and wherever they are – on the bus, in the toilet, lying on the grass in the park (oh and all those screens too). adept at pulling attention towards them and locking people into experiences – but wait those experiences last a minute, ten minutes, maximum a few days. not good enough mr/s advertiser. short head experiences do not cut the mustard – you must extend, have longer stories and engage at multiple levels to be a real candidate for the job. try harder. young, old or not yet born – right, hedging my bets or rather scraping the barrel now. people who are either too old to be caught up in the ‘confusion’ of current multiple platforms or too young to even see the confusion. of course it is likely that the best transmedia producers will come from those who do not care about the word ‘transmedia’ or what we (as media experts) think it is. they live and breathe this stuff without recourse to definition or formulaic trend. out of ignorance comes bliss – ‘being but men’. review this candidate in five years time. conclusion – ish so ends the interview and there are no doubt many other candidates – event organisers, musical directors, managers etc spring to mind. ok all this is mildly tongue in cheek but it does raise an important dilemma. what exactly is and what is made by a transmedia producer? i will have to say that ideally the transmedia producer like a good ‘music producer’ will have had experience at ‘all’ areas they are giving direction in (and perhaps making themselves). so to get the obvious out of the way – if you are considering becoming or calling yourself a transmedia producer make sure you are experienced in and/or deeply embedded across games, film, tv, media business, social media, advertising, web tech. if not consider becoming a great multi platform team manager. it is going to be hard to also identify experienced transmedia producers – those who are supposedly already good at it. ones that have made a documentary with a contributory youtube based element and won an award are hardly good cross media storytellers but will happily advertise themselves as ‘award winning transmedia producer’! neither are those advertisers who made a cool augmented reality marker ad linked to a 30 second spot or a filmmaker who created a spooky ‘outdoor’ event in a city club related to their film. we will indeed have to wait for the stars to emerge. which actually raises another critical question – until we get a few stars (beyond brand focused agency types) what will attract the wannabe talent. those ideal renaissance folk, adept in film & web & etc etc: who will see transmedia storytelling as something that will meet their needs, a part of their ego-system. for another post. so this post must end on a bit of a anti-climax. a medium that is too broadly defined and a new role that is even less defined means it is nigh on impossible to identify the perfect transmedia producer. one thing is clear though. any of the above who is willing to put themselves in the spotlight and experiment, try something new and original across multi platforms, take risks, keep away from trending formulaic previous experiments, should, in my mind, be awarded the job – at least on a trial basis 🙂

ˈsərˌʤjoʊ ˌgɑrˈsiə, əv speɪn, riækts tɪ hɪz ˈbərdi ɔn ðə hoʊl ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈsɛkənd raʊnd əv ðə ˈmæstərz gɔlf ˈtʊrnəmənt ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ˈeɪprəl 7 2017 ɪn əˈgəstə, ˈʤɔrʤə. (ˌeɪˈpi ˈkɑrlsən) (krɪs prɛs) hi lʊkt, fər ɔl ðə wərld, ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd, əˈspɛʃəli fər ˈsəmˌwən hu hæd ʤɪst ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd wət hi wʊd kɔl daʊn, ðə bɛst ˈbəŋkər ʃɑt əv maɪ life.”*.” bət ˈstændɪŋ ɪn ðə sænd bɪˈloʊ ðə pɪn æt əˈgəstə hoʊl, ˈsərˌʤjoʊ ˌgɑrˈsiə bɛnt æt ðə niz, ðɛn kɪkt æt ðə graʊnd. hɪz bɔl hæd ˈtrɪkəld təˈwɔrd ðə hoʊl bət lɪpt aʊt. ənd soʊ wi əˈpɪrd tɪ gɪt wət wi hæv ɪkˈspɛktɪd fər ðə ˈbɛtər pɑrt əv tu ˈdɛkeɪdz frəm ðə ˈspænjərd: ˈpɛʧələns. waɪ mi? waɪ ɪz ɪt ˈɔlˌweɪz mi? ɛz ˌgɑrˈsiə ˈimərʤd frəm ðə ˈbəŋkər ənd tæpt ɪn fər hɪz pɑr, ɔl ˈmænər əv ɪˈvɛnts ðət maɪt hæv feɪzd ðə ˈjəŋgər ˈvərʒən əv ɪm ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ trænˈspaɪər. ə ˈskɔrɪŋ ˈɛrər meɪd ɪt sim, tɪ fænz ˈskætərd əˈkrɔs ðə kɔrs, ðət hi hæd meɪd ə ˈtrɪpəl ˈboʊgi æt ðə 10th*, wɪn hi nu hi hæd meɪd ˈoʊnli ˈboʊgi. ə tri græbd hɪz ti ʃɑt æt ðə ənd nɑkt ɪt daʊn. ə ˈbərdi pət æt 18 slɪd ʤɪst raɪt əv ðə hoʊl ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈfɑlɪŋ ɪn ðə ʤɔz. riˈækʃən: wɑz fine.”*.” [æt əˈgəstə, ˈbərdi ʧæns tərnz tɪ bit æt noʊ. 15 ɪt ɪz ˈdeɪnʤərəs tɪ stɪʧ təˈgɛðər ən æθˈlɛtɪk pərˈfɔrməns səʧ ɛz 69 ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd raʊnd əv ðə ˈmæstərz, wɪʧ gɪvz ɪm ə ʃɛr əv ðə lɛd wɪθ ˈrɪki ˈfaʊlər, ˈʧɑrli ˈhɔfmən ənd ˈtɑməs ˈpitərz æt 4 ˈəndər pɑr ˈhɛdɪd tɪ ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd wɪθ ən ˈoʊvərˌhɔld ˈætəˌtud ənd əˈtrɪˌbjut wən tɪ ðə ˈəðər. bət ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ wɔʧ ˌgɑrˈsiə ˈhændəl ɔl ðət keɪm wɪθ ˈfraɪˌdeɪ mɔr wɪnd, fər wən ənd nɑt ˈnoʊtɪs ə ˈdɪfərəns. hi ɪz 37 ənd ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ ækt laɪk ɪt. hæv ˈdɛfənətli changed,”*,” ˌgɑrˈsiə sɛd. θɪŋk ðət ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt ˈkɑmər naʊ. aɪ θɪŋk ðət ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn traɪɪŋ tɪ əkˈsɛpt θɪŋz wɪʧ kən ˈhæpən hir ənd kən ˈhæpən ˈɛniˌwɛr. pɑrt əv gɔlf. nɑt ˈizi. məʧ ˈiziər tɪ seɪ ðən tɪ du ɪt. bət ðə ˈʧælənʤ wi ˈɔlˌweɪz hæv, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ʃʊr ðət ju əkˈsɛpt ðə bæd ˈmoʊmənts ər ðə bæd breɪks wɪθ ðə gʊd wənz ənd kaɪnd əv muv on.”*.” [ˈmɪkəlsən ˈgæmbəlɪŋ əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪt ˈgɪlti əv ˌɪnˈsaɪdər ˈtreɪdɪŋ] riˈmaɪndər: ðɪs ɪz ˈsərˌʤjoʊ ˌgɑrˈsiə hu, faɪv jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ˈvɛntɪd hɪz frəˈstreɪʃən ˈæftər ðə θərd raʊnd raɪt hir baɪ ˈaʊˌtlaɪnɪŋ hɪz self-doubt*. aɪ fɛlt laɪk aɪ kʊd win,”*,” hi sɛd ðɛn, wʊd du it.”*.” wi jɛt noʊ ˈwɛðər pərˈfɔrməns ˈfraɪˌdeɪ wən ðət ˈoʊpənd wɪθ θri streɪt ˈbərdiz wɪl lɛd tɪ hɪz fərst ˈvɪktəri ɪn ðɪs, hɪz ˈmeɪʤər ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp. wi du noʊ ɪf hi gɪts ðɛr, hi wɪl hæv dɪˈfitɪd ə ˈlidər bɔrd raɪf wɪθ ðə bɛst neɪmz ðə ˈmæstərz həz tɪ ˈɔfər. ˈdəstɪn ˈʤɑnsən, ðə noʊ. 1 pleɪər, wɔkt ɔf ðə kɔrs ˌbiˈfɔr pleɪɪŋ ə ʃɑt ɪn fərst raʊnd, ðə ˈvɪktɪm əv ə frik bæk ˈɪnʤəri. ˈtaɪgər wʊdz, ə ˈʧæmpiən hir, ˈnɛvər ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ kəmˈpit, hɪz oʊn ˈkrɑnɪk bæk ˈɪʃuz ˈpoʊzɪŋ kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt hɪz fˈjuʧər. bət ˈhɛdɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd, ʤɪst əˈbaʊt ˈɛvəri ˈəðər sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt neɪm ɪn ðə fild ɪz pɔɪzd tɪ bi ə ˈfæktər. ˈʤɔrdən spaɪəθ, hu həz ˈnɛvər ˈfɪnɪʃt wərs ðən taɪd fər ˈsɛkənd ɪn hɪz θri ˈmæstərz, ˈoʊvərˈkeɪm hɪz wərst kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv raʊnd æt əˈgəstə wɪθ ə ˈbərdi æt 18 tɪ kæp ə 69 ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ðət gɑt ɪm bæk tɪ ˈivɪn pɑr. fɪl ˈmɪkəlsən, ðə ˈʧæmpiən hir, ˈstrəgəld ˈkəmɪŋ ɪn wɪθ æt 14 16 ənd 17 bət stɪl ʃɑt 73 tɪ steɪ æt ˈivɪn ɛz wɛl, fɔr bæk. ˈrɔri ˈmækəˌlrɔɪ, ˈnidɪŋ ˈoʊnli ðə ˈmæstərz fər ə kərɪr grænd slæm, ɪz ˈoʊnli faɪv ʃɑts ɔf ðə lɛd ˈæftər ə 73 ðət wʊd hæv bɪn ˈbɛtər hæd hi ˈmænɪʤd tɪ meɪk ə pɑr pət æt 18 frɛd ˈkəpəlz, hɪz ˈænjuəl roʊl ɪn ˈgɪvɪŋ hoʊps tɪ ˈɛvriˌwɛr, hɪt hɪz ˈfaɪnəl əˈproʊʧ tɪ 18 ˈɪnʧɪz æt ðə læst ənd ˈfɪnɪʃt ɔf ə 70 wɪθ ə ˈbərdi, ˈlivɪŋ ɪm æt 1 ˈəndər. ənd ðɛn, ðə ˈlidərz: ˈpitərz, hu stɑrd æt ðə ˈraɪdər kəp, pleɪd pərˈhæps ðə gɔlf θru ðə ˈbləstər ə ˈboʊgi æt ðə ˈdɪfəkəlt fərst tɪ stɑrt, ðɛn fɔr ˈbərdiz ənd noʊ mɔr ˈblɛmɪʃɪz ɛn rut tɪ hɪz faɪn 68 ðə həz ˈnɛvər pleɪd ðə ˈmæstərz ˌbiˈfɔr, bət hɪz geɪm ənd dɪˈminər sim wɛl ˈsutɪd tɪ ˌbiˈfɔr ɪm. ə bɪt boʊld tɪ seɪ ðət ju wɔnt tɪ kəm hir ənd wɪn ənd ðɛn ju du ɪt, ðɛn ju lʊk laɪk ə fool,”*,” ˈpitərz sɛd. aɪ ʤɪst gɪt ɪn kənˈtɛnʃən hir ɔn ˈsənˌdi ˌæftərˈnun, ɔl aɪ want.”*.” ˈfaʊlər, 28 həz kənˈtɛndɪd hir ɔn ə ˈsənˌdi ˌbiˈfɔr, ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ taɪd fər fɪθ ɪn 2014 hɪz wərst ˈfɪnɪʃ ɪn ə ˈmeɪʤər ðət ˈsizən. hi jɛt wən wən bət əˈpɪrd ɪn faɪn fɔrm wɪθ hɪz 67 ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ðə bɛst raʊnd dɪˈspaɪt ə bɔl ɪn ðə ˈwɔtər æt ðə ə dɪˈvɛləpmənt tɪ wɪʧ hi rɪˈspɑndɪd wɪθ ə ˈbərdi æt 16 ənd ˈhɔfmən, ðə ˈlidər hu ɪz fɑr lɛs fəˈmɪljər wɪθ səʧ ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri, hɛld θɪŋz təˈgɛðər dɪˈspaɪt ə strɛʧ wɪθ faɪv ɪn sɪks hoʊlz, ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ wɪθ ə 75 ðət maɪt hæv bɪn məʧ wərs. nu ðət ju wɪn ðə gɔlf ˈtʊrnəmənt today,”*,” sɛd ˈhɔfmən, hu hæd ˈoʊpənd wɪθ ə spɛkˈtækjələr 65 kʊd ˈprɪti məʧ ˈoʊnli luz it.”*.” ðət wɑz wəns ðə weɪ ˌgɑrˈsiə wʊd hæv θɔt: haʊ wɪl aɪ luz ðɪs? ˈɛvər sɪns hi əˈnaʊnst hɪmˈsɛlf tɪ ðə spɔrt wɪθ ən ˌɪˈbəljənt pərˈfɔrməns əˈpoʊzɪŋ wʊdz æt ðə 1999 ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp, ðə gɔlf həz ˈnɛvər ˈrɪli bɪn ˈprɑbləm. jɛs, hi həz ˈweɪvərd wɪθ ðə ˈpətər. bət hɪz ˈtælənt, ɪt ˈɔlˌweɪz həz bɪn ðɛr. geɪm lʊks ðə seɪm ɛz ɪt dɪd wɪn hi wɑz ə 19-year-old,”*,” sɛd ˈɪŋglɪʃmən li ˈwɛstˌwʊd, hu pleɪd wɪθ ˌgɑrˈsiə ðə fərst tu deɪz. rən əraʊnd ənd baʊns kwaɪt ɛz məʧ. bət ˈprɑbəˌbli ən eɪʤ thing.”*.” eɪʤ əˈloʊn, ðoʊ, sɑlvd ɔl əv ˈprɑbləmz. bət ɪt ˈsɪmpli simz laɪk, hæd ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃənz laɪk ərˈɪzən ɪn ðə pæst, hi maɪt hæv ˈfoʊldɪd. ðə ˈɑdəst fər ˈspɛkteɪtərz hæd tɪ bi æt ðə 10th*, wɛr boʊθ hi ənd ʃeɪn ˈlaʊri hɪt ðɛr ti ʃɑts ˈɪntu ðə triz tɪ ðə lɛft əv ðə ˈfɛrˌweɪ. ˌgɑrˈsiə, ˈlaʊri ənd ˈwɛstˌwʊd ɔl wɔr laɪt pænts wɪθ blu sˈwɛtərz ɪn ʧɪl, ənd ˈsɔrtɪŋ ðɛm aʊt frəm ə ˈdɪstəns wɑz ə ˈʧælənʤ məʧ əv ðə deɪ. bət hir, bɔl baʊnst aʊt ə gʊd breɪk, ˈivɪn ðoʊ hi hæd tɪ pleɪ ˈɪntu ðə grin. ˈlaʊri hæd tɪ pleɪ ə prəˈvɪʒənəl. ðə ˈskɔrˌkipərz, ðoʊ, mɪkst ðɛm əp ənd ˈðɛrˌfɔr nɑkt ˌgɑrˈsiə bæk frəm 3 ˈəndər tɪ 1 ˈəndər fər ðə ˈtʊrnəmənt, ən ɛˈroʊniəs dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˌriˈpɔrtəd ɔn ðə bɔrdz əˈkrɔs ðə kɔrs. moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt thing,”*,” ˌgɑrˈsiə sɛd, aɪ nu wɛr aɪ stood.”*.” ðət ɪz ˌgɑrˈsiə æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt: ʃʊr ɔn hɪz fit ənd ɪn hɪz geɪm. mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt: ʃʊr wɪθ hɪz hɛd, ə dɪˈvɛləpmənt stɪl ɪn ˈprɔˌsɛs, ðə moʊst ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ˈæˌspɛkt əv hɪz ˈwiˌkɪnd hir.

sergio garcia, of spain, reacts to his birdie on the 17th hole during the second round of the masters golf tournament friday, april 7, 2017, in augusta, ga. (ap photo/chris carlson) (chris carlson/associated press) he looked, for all the world, disappointed, especially for someone who had just executed what he would call “hands down, the best bunker shot of my life.” but standing in the sand below the pin at augusta national’s 12th hole, sergio garcia bent at the knees, then kicked at the ground. his ball had trickled toward the hole but lipped out. and so we appeared to get what we have expected for the better part of two decades from the spaniard: petulance. why me? why is it always me? as garcia emerged from the bunker and tapped in for his par, all manner of events that might have fazed the younger version of him started to transpire. a scoring error made it seem, to fans scattered across the course, that he had made a triple bogey at the 10th, when he knew he had made only bogey. a tree grabbed his tee shot at the 14th and knocked it down. a five-foot birdie putt at 18 slid just right of the hole instead of falling in the jaws. garcia’s reaction: “it was fine.” [at augusta, birdie chance turns to beat at no. 15] it is dangerous to stitch together an athletic performance such as garcia’s 69 on friday in the second round of the masters, which gives him a share of the lead with rickie fowler, charley hoffman and thomas pieters at 4 under par headed to the weekend with an overhauled attitude and attribute one to the other. but also impossible to watch garcia handle all that came with friday more wind, for one and not notice a difference. he is 37 and starting to act like it. “things have definitely changed,” garcia said. “i think that a little bit calmer now. i think that working on trying to accept things . . . which can happen here and can happen anywhere. “it’s part of golf. not easy. much easier to say than to do it. but that’s the challenge we always have, making sure that you accept the bad moments or the bad breaks with the good ones and kind of move on.” [mickelson gambling associate guilty of insider trading] reminder: this is sergio garcia who, five years ago, vented his frustration after the third round right here by outlining his self-doubt. “if i felt like i could win,” he said then, “i would do it.” we yet know whether garcia’s performance friday one that opened with three straight birdies will lead to his first victory in this, his 74th major championship. we do know if he gets there, he will have defeated a leader board rife with the best names the 81st masters has to offer. dustin johnson, the world’s no. 1 player, walked off the course before playing a shot in thursday’s first round, the victim of a freak back injury. tiger woods, a four-time champion here, never intended to compete, his own chronic back issues posing questions about his future. but heading into the weekend, just about every other significant name in the field is poised to be a factor. jordan spieth, who has never finished worse than tied for second in his three masters, overcame his worst competitive round at augusta with a birdie at 18 to cap a 69 on friday that got him back to even par. phil mickelson, the three-time champion here, struggled coming in with bogeys at 14, 16 and 17 but still shot 73 to stay at even as well, four back. rory mcilroy, needing only the masters for a career grand slam, is only five shots off the lead after a 73 that would have been better had he managed to make a three-foot par putt at 18. fred couples, reprising his annual role in giving hopes to borderline-geriatrics everywhere, hit his final approach to 18 inches at the last and finished off a 70 with a birdie, leaving him at 1 under. and then, the leaders: pieters, who starred at the ryder cup, played perhaps the steadiest golf through the bluster a bogey at the difficult first to start, then four birdies and no more blemishes en route to his fine 68. the 25-year-old has never played the masters before, but his game and demeanor seem well suited to what’s before him. “it’s a bit bold to say that you want to come here and win and then you do it, then you look like a fool,” pieters said. “if i just get in contention here on sunday afternoon, that’s all i want.” fowler, 28, has contended here on a sunday before, finishing tied for fifth in 2014 his worst finish in a major that season. he hasn’t yet won one but appeared in fine form with his 67 on friday, the day’s best round despite a ball in the water at the par-5 15th a development to which he responded with a birdie at 16. and hoffman, the first-round leader who is far less familiar with such territory, held things together despite a stretch with five bogeys in six holes, finishing with a 75 that might have been much worse. “i knew that you couldn’t win the golf tournament today,” said hoffman, who had opened with a spectacular 65. “you could pretty much only lose it.” that was once the way garcia would have thought: how will i lose this? ever since he announced himself to the sport with an ebullient performance opposing woods at the 1999 pga championship, the golf has never really been garcia’s problem. yes, he has wavered with the putter. but his talent, it always has been there. “his game looks the same as it did when he was a 19-year-old,” said englishman lee westwood, who played with garcia the first two days. “he doesn’t run around and bounce quite as much. but that’s probably an age thing.” age alone, though, hasn’t solved all of garcia’s problems. but it simply seems like, had situations like friday’s arisen in the past, he might have folded. the oddest for spectators had to be at the 10th, where both he and shane lowry hit their tee shots into the trees to the left of the fairway. garcia, lowry and westwood all wore light pants with blue sweaters in friday’s chill, and sorting them out from a distance was a challenge much of the day. but here, garcia’s ball bounced out a good break, even though he had to play 3-wood into the green. lowry had to play a provisional. the scorekeepers, though, mixed them up and therefore knocked garcia back from 3 under to 1 under for the tournament, an erroneous development reported on the boards across the course. “the most important thing,” garcia said, “is i knew where i stood.” that is garcia at the moment: sure on his feet and in his game. more important: sure with his head, a two-decade development that’s still in process, the most interesting aspect of his weekend here.

ɑr nu ˈɪʃu, ɔn wət ə ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈbərni ˈsændərz kʊd ˈæˌkʧuəli du ɪn ˈɔfəs, ɪz aʊt naʊ. səbˈskraɪb təˈdeɪ tɪ rɪˈsiv ɪt bɪˈloʊ ər sɪks ˈkɔzɪz fər ˈɑptɪˌmɪzəm. bət aɪ ʃʊd strɛs, ɛz aɪ hæv sɪns ðə riˈækʃəˌnɛri maɪnd, ðət ðə ˈrizən aɪ θɪŋk ðə raɪt həz nɑt məʧ əv ə fˈjuʧər ɪz ðət ɪt həz wən. ɪf ju kənˈsɪdər ɪts greɪt ˈɛnərʤiz sɪns ðə nu dil anti-labor*, raɪts, ənd ðə raɪt həz əˈʧivd ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl əˈmaʊnt əv səkˈsɛs. ˈiðər ɪn dɪˈstrɔɪɪŋ ər ˈbitɪŋ bæk ðiz ˈmuvmənts. soʊ ðə ˈhoʊpfəlnɪs ju rɛd bɪˈloʊ, ɪt nidz tɪ bi rɪˈmɛmbərd, ɪz bɪlt ɔn ðə ruɪnz əv ðə lɛft. ɪt rɪˈflɛkts ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˈpɛsəˌmɪzəm ənd ərˈaɪzɪz frəm ə ˈsoʊbər ˈriəlɪzm əˈbaʊt wɛr wi ər raɪt naʊ. 1 ən ˈeɪˌbiˌsi nuz poʊl həz trəmp æt 38 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ˈpɑpjələr voʊt. ˈoʊnli wən poʊl, ənd aɪ bɪn peɪɪŋ məʧ əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ðə poʊlz ðə pɔɪnt?), bət ɪf trəmp dɪz gɪt 38 pərˈsɛnt wɪʧ ɪz əˈbaʊt wət bɪn ˈθɪŋkɪŋ gɪt, pləs ər ˈmaɪnəs ə pɔɪnt bi skˈwɛrli wɪˈθɪn məˈgəvərn ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri. wɪθ ˈvɛri fju ɪkˈsɛpʃənz, ˈrɛrli ˈbroʊkən, ɪn ə reɪs, əˈbəv 40 pərˈsɛnt. (ðət sɛd, ˈklɪntən, wɪθ hər 50 pərˈsɛnt, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈeɪˌbiˌsi, bi ɪn ˈnɪksən ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri.) noʊ ˈkænədɪt əv ðə læst ˈfɪfti jɪrz, əˈsaɪd frəm ʤɔrʤ eɪʧ. ˈdəbəlju. bʊʃ, həz ˈgɔtən lɛs ðən 40 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə voʊt, ənd ɪn keɪs, ɪt hæd ə lɔt tɪ du wɪθ pəroʊ. ðɪs wɪl goʊ daʊn ɛz ə ˌkætəˈstrɑfɪk dɪˈfit, æt ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈlɛvəl, fər ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈpɑrti. saɪd noʊt: aɪ ˈnoʊtɪs ðət maɪ ənd kəmˈpɛrəsənz, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ maɪ ˈsaɪlənt məˈʤɔrəti ˈrɛfərəns, ər bɪˈkəmɪŋ lɛs ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl. 2 fər ɔl əv ˈbləstər æt ðə θərd dəˈbeɪt əˈbaʊt nɑt əkˈsɛptɪŋ ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən rɪˈzəlts, ˈkɑnfədənt ðət wəns ˈoʊvər, ənd ðə ˈvərdɪkt ɪz ɪn, hi ənd hɪz ˈfɑloʊərz wɪl goʊ, mɔr ər lɛs ˈʤɛntli, ˈɪntu ðət gʊd naɪt. wi ɔn ðə lɛft pərˈhæps ˈlɪˌbərəlz, tu ər soʊ juzd tɪ biɪŋ dɪˈfitɪd, dɪˈmɔrəˌlaɪzd, ənd dɪˈprɛst, soʊ juzd tɪ ˈluzɪŋ tɪ ðə raɪt, ðət wi hæv noʊ sɛns ðət ðə raɪt kən ˈsəfər ðə seɪm. wi hæv noʊ sɛns əv ðə ˌɪmˈpækt ðɪs ɪˈlɛkʃən wɪl hæv ɔn ðə trumpites*. wi bɪˈliv ðɛr ˈbʊlˌʃɪt: wi teɪk ðɛr sɛns əv ɛnˈtaɪtəlmənt ɛz ə saɪn əv dip wɛlz əv kənˈvɪkʃən, əv bɪˈlif ɪn ðɛr raɪt ənd əˈθɔrəti, ər pərˈhæps ˈivɪn əv ðɛr ˈækʧəwəl raɪt ənd əˈθɔrəti, ɛz ɪf ðɪs ˈrɪli ɪz ðɛr ˈkəntri. ðeɪ hæv ə ˈbɛtər, mɔr ˈækjərət sɛns əv ðɛr dˈwɪndəlɪŋ pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈfɔrʧən. wət gɪvz ðɛr ˈrɛtərɪk ɪts ˈrəðər ðən ɪgˈzɪlərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈkɛrɪktər. ˈlɪsən tɪ pæt bjuˈkænən ɪn ðə ənd 1980s*: ðə ˌɪnˈvɛntɪvnəs əv hɪz bruˈtælɪti, ðə ˈɛnərʤi əv hɪz ˈkruəlti. ə wərld əv ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ðə əv ðət ənd ðə ˈnɛroʊ streɪts ðət ɪz. ðə ˈfɔrmər spiks ɪn ˈpeɪʤɪz ənd ˈpɛrəˌgræfs; ðə ˈlætər ɪn tu- ər ˈfrægmənts, wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛni ˈpætər əv paʊər. ɪz nɑt ðə vɔɪs əv ˈkɑnfədɛns, əv raɪt, əv kəˈmænd. ðɪs ɪz nɑt ðə vɔɪs əv ə mæn hu kən lɛd ə rɪˈvoʊlt ɪn ðə strits. ðɪs ɪz ðə vɔɪs əv ə mæn ənd ə ˈmuvmənt hu ɪz taɪərd, ˈbitən, ənd dɪˈmɔrəˌlaɪzd, hu stɑrts ˈsɛntənsɪz hi kən ˈbɛrli ˈməstər ɪˈnəf ˈɛnərʤi tɪ ˈfɪnɪʃ. 3 kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈdiˌkrisɪŋ əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈvɛriəs ˈpɑpjələst ɪkˈspɛrəmənts ˈoʊvər ðə pæst fɔr ˈdɛkeɪdz. ɪn ðə tɪ ˈvɪktəriz ɪn ðə 1980s*, ðət ˈpɑpjəˌlɪzəm wɑz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd baɪ ðə ˈmɔrəl məˈʤɔrəti. ənd ɪt ˈlæstɪd kwaɪt ə lɔŋ taɪm, ɪn pɑrt bɪˈkəz ɪt ˈskɪlfəli fjuzd ðə ˈreɪˌsɪzəm əv ðə ˌsɛgrəˈgeɪʃən əˈkædəmiz ˈɪʃu wɪθ ðə rɪˌlɪʤiˈɑsəti əv skul prɛr ənd ðə ˈʤɛndər ˈpɑləˌtɪks əv əˈbɔrʃən. ðət brænd ˈmænɪʤd tɪ ˈkɛri ðə ɔl ðə weɪ frəm ˈrigən ˈɪntu ðə fərst bʊʃ ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən. ðɛn ɪt wɑz ðə ˈkrɪsʧɪn ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən, ənd ɪt ˈlæstɪd ə sˈlaɪtli lɛs lɔŋ taɪm, ənd wɪθ lɛs səkˈsɛs. ˈklɪntən wɑz ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈdʊrɪŋ məʧ əv ɪts ˈheɪˌdeɪ, ənd ɪts ˈoʊnli ɪˈlɛktərəl ˈvɪktəri wɑz ðə 2000 ɪˈlɛkʃən əv bʊʃ. wən əv ðə ˈrizənz fər ɪts ˌdɪməˈnuʃən əv paʊər, ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈspikɪŋ, ɪz ðət ɪt noʊ ˈlɔŋgər hæd ðə ˈɪʃuz əv ˈbəsɪŋ ənd skul ˌdisɛgrəˈgeɪʃən tɪ ˈmoʊbəˌlaɪz əˈgɛnst ðə weɪ ðə ˈkrɪsʧɪn raɪt hæd ɪn ðə ənd 1980s*. ðɛn ɪt wɑz ðə ti ˈpɑrti, wɪʧ, dɪˈspaɪt ðə kleɪmz əv ɪts dɪˈfɛndərz ənd ˈkrɪtɪks, həz sin ən ˈivɪn ˈʃɔrtər taɪm ɪn ðə sən, ɪn pɑrt bɪˈkəz ðə ˈkrɪsʧɪn raɪt hæd bɪn soʊ səkˈsɛsfəl ɔn ðə əˈbɔrʃən frənt, æt list æt ðə steɪt ˈlɛvəl. ənd naʊ trəmp ənd ðə alt-right*. ənd ju noʊ wət aɪ θɪŋk əˈbaʊt haʊ məʧ taɪm ɪt həz lɛft ɔn ðɪs ərθ. ˈænəlɪsts əv ðə raɪt tɛnd tɪ θɪŋk ðət kənˈsərvəˌtɪzəm ɪz ə ˈpərmɑˌnɛnt ˈfiʧər əv ˈmɑdərn pəˈlɪtɪkəl laɪf, ənd ɪt ɪz. bət wət ðeɪ gɪt ɪz ðət ɪts ɪgˈzɪstəns ɪz ˈsɪklɪkəl. ɪt həz ə raɪz ənd fɔl, ə laɪf ənd dɛθ, ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə səkˈsɛs ər ˈfeɪljər əv ðə lɛft. ˈkəmɪŋ ɔn ðə jɪrz əv ɪts fɔl, ənd ɪt həz bɪn lɔŋ ɪn ðə ˈmeɪkɪŋ (sɪns ðə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən əv ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju. bʊʃ, ˈɑrgjud). əˈməŋ ðə bɛst ˈpisɪz əv ˈɛvədəns fər ðət dɪˈklaɪn, aɪ θɪŋk, ər ðə ˈdiˌkrisɪŋ əv ɪts ˈpɑpjələst ɪkˈsprɛʃənz, ðiz ˈɛvər mɔr ˈdɛspərɪt əˈtɛmpts tɪ ˈrɛkriˌeɪt ðə ˈmæʤɪk əv ɪts ərˈɪʤəˌneɪtɪŋ ˈmoʊmənt ɪn ðə ˈbæˌklæʃ əˈgɛnst ðə ˈleɪbər ˈmuvmənt, ðə ˈsɪvəl raɪts ˈmuvmənt, ənd ðə ˈmuvmənt. 4 səm taɪm əraʊnd ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən əv ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju. bʊʃ, ˈərvɪŋ ˈkrɪstəl nɑt bɪl ˈkrɪstəl, bət ˈfɑðər, ðə ril breɪnz əv ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən toʊld mi: əˈmɛrɪkən kənˈsərvəˌtɪzəm læks fər pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃən. soʊ ˈɪnfluənst baɪ ˈbɪznɪs ˈkəlʧər ənd baɪ ˈbɪznɪs moʊdz əv ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ðət ɪt læks ˈɛni pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃən, wɪʧ həz ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn, aɪ hæv tɪ seɪ, ə ˈprɑpərti əv ðə lɛft. ɪf ju rɛd mɑrks, lərn wət ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃən kʊd du. ðət (ənd ðə ɛnd əv ðə koʊld wɔr), hi sɛd, ɪz əv ðə ˈrizənz aɪ ˈrɪli nɑt æm nɑt ˈraɪtɪŋ məʧ ðiz deɪz. aɪ noʊ ðə answers.”*.” ðɪs wɑz nɑt ðə vɔɪs əv ə taɪərd, oʊld mæn, ðoʊ hi wɑz taɪərd ənd oʊld ənd ə mæn. ðɪs wɑz ðə vɔɪs əv ə ˈmuvmənt ðət hæd lɔst ɪts weɪ, ɪts ˈreɪsɑn d’être*. 5 frəm ðə tɪ ðə 1980s*, ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə wɑz ðə ˈpeɪˌsɛtər fər ðə raɪt. ɪt geɪv ˈjuˈɛs ˈnɪksən, ˈrigən, ənd ˌprɑpəˈzɪʃən 13 ɪn ðə 1990s*, ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə wɑz əˈgɛn ðə ˈpeɪˌsɛtər, ˈoʊnli ɪn ðə ˈɑpəzɪt dɪˈrɛkʃɪn: pit ˈwɪlsən traɪd tɪ du ɔn ðə steɪt ˈlɛvəl wət trəmp ɪz naʊ traɪɪŋ tɪ du æt ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈlɛvəl. ɪt pruvd tɪ bi ə spɛkˈtækjələr pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈfeɪljər, ˈlɔŋˈtərm, ˈdraɪvɪŋ məʧ əv ðə steɪt, wɪʧ ˈpriviəsli hæd bɪn ə rɪˈpəblɪkən steɪt (bɪtˈwin 1952 ənd 1992 ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə wɛnt fər ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈkænədɪt ˈoʊnli wəns), ˈɪntu ðə hænz əv ðə ˈdɛməˌkræts.

our new issue, on what a president bernie sanders could actually do in office, is out now. subscribe today to receive it ! below are six causes for optimism. but i should stress, as i have since the reactionary mind, that the reason i think the right has not much of a future is that it has won. if you consider its great animating energies since the new deal — anti-labor, anti–civil rights, and antifeminism — the right has achieved a considerable amount of success. either in destroying or beating back these movements. so the hopefulness you read below, it needs to be remembered, is built on the ruins of the left. it reflects a considerable pessimism and arises from a sober realism about where we are right now. 1 an abc news poll has trump at 38 percent of the popular vote. only one poll, and i haven’t been paying much attention to the polls (what’s the point?), but if trump does get 38 percent — which is about what i’ve been thinking he’ll get, plus or minus a point — he’ll be squarely within mcgovern territory. with very few exceptions, rarely broken, in a four-way race, above 40 percent. (that said, clinton, with her 50 percent, according to abc, won’t be in nixon territory.) no major-party candidate of the last fifty years, aside from george h. w. bush, has gotten less than 40 percent of the vote, and in bush’s case, it had a lot to do with perot. this will go down as a catastrophic defeat, at the presidential level, for the republican party. side note: i notice that my nixon/clinton and trump/mcgovern comparisons, along with my silent majority reference, are becoming less controversial. 2 for all of trump’s bluster at the third debate about not accepting the election results, i’m confident that once over, and the verdict is in, he and his followers will go, more or less gently, into that good night. we on the left — perhaps liberals, too — are so used to being defeated, demoralized, and depressed, so used to losing to the right, that we have no sense that the right can suffer the same. we have no sense of the impact this election will have on the trumpites. we believe their bullshit: we take their sense of entitlement as a sign of deep wells of conviction, of belief in their right and authority, or perhaps even of their actual right and authority, as if this really is their country. they have a better, more accurate sense of their dwindling political fortune. what gives their rhetoric its enervating rather than exhilarating character. listen to pat buchanan in the 1970s and 1980s: the inventiveness of his brutality, the energy of his cruelty. there’s a world of difference between the expansiveness of that revanchism and the narrow straits that is trump’s. the former speaks in pages and paragraphs; the latter in two- or three-word fragments, without any marionetti-like patter of power. trump’s is not the voice of confidence, of right, of command. this is not the voice of a man who can lead a rearguard revolt in the streets. this is the voice of a man — and a movement — who is tired, beaten, and demoralized, who starts sentences he can barely muster enough energy to finish. 3 consider the decreasing half-life of the american right’s various populist experiments over the past four decades. in the lead-up to reagan’s victories in the 1980s, that right-wing populism was represented by the moral majority. and it lasted quite a long time, in part because it skillfully fused the racism of the segregation academies issue with the religiosity of school prayer and the gender politics of abortion. that brand managed to carry the gop all the way from reagan into the first bush administration. then it was the christian coalition, and it lasted a slightly less long time, and with less success. clinton was president during much of its heyday, and its only electoral victory was the 2000 election of bush. one of the reasons for its diminution of power, relatively speaking, is that it no longer had the issues of busing and school desegregation to mobilize against the way the christian right had in the 1970s and 1980s. then it was the tea party, which, despite the claims of its defenders and critics, has seen an even shorter time in the sun, in part because the christian right had been so successful on the abortion front, at least at the state level. and now trump and the alt-right. and you know what i think about how much time it has left on this earth. analysts of the right tend to think that conservatism is a permanent feature of modern political life, and it is. but what they get is that its existence is cyclical. it has a rise and fall, a life and death, in response to the success or failure of the left. we’re coming on the years of its fall, and it has been long in the making (since the administration of george w. bush, i’ve argued). among the best pieces of evidence for that decline, i think, are the decreasing half-lives of its populist expressions, these ever more desperate attempts to recreate the magic of its originating moment in the backlash against the labor movement, the civil rights movement, and the women’s movement. 4 some time around the election of george w. bush, irving kristol — not bill kristol, but bill’s father, the real brains of the operation — told me: american conservatism lacks for political imagination. so influenced by business culture and by business modes of thinking that it lacks any political imagination, which has always been, i have to say, a property of the left. if you read marx, you’d learn what a political imagination could do. that (and the end of the cold war), he said, is “one of the reasons i really not am not writing much these days. i know the answers.” this was not the voice of a tired, old man, though he was tired and old and a man. this was the voice of a movement that had lost its way, its raison d’être. 5 from the 1960s to the 1980s, california was the pacesetter for the right. it gave us nixon, reagan, and proposition 13. in the 1990s, california was again the pacesetter, only in the opposite direction: pete wilson tried to do on the state level what trump is now trying to do at the national level. it proved to be a spectacular political failure, long-term, driving much of the state, which previously had been a republican state (between 1952 and 1992, california went for the democratic presidential candidate only once), into the hands of the democrats.

noʊɪŋ ðət ˈsəmˌtaɪmz, ɔl ɪt teɪks ɪz ðət wən ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪd ˈpərsən tɪ swup ˈɪntu jʊr laɪf ənd gɪv ju 2 ˈmɪljən, zæk bræf həz tərnd tɪ tɪ ˈfaɪˌnæns wɪʃ aɪ wɑz hir, hɪz dɪrɛkˈtɔriəl ˈfɑloʊˌəp tɪ ˈgɑrdən steɪt. ɛz hi ɪkˈspleɪnz ɪn hɪz ˈvɪdioʊ əˈpil bɪˈloʊ, bræf ʤɪst wɔnts tɪ meɪk ɪt ˌoʊˈkeɪ tɪ fil ˈsəmθɪŋ ðə ˈfridəm frəm hu dɪˈmænd θɪŋz laɪk ˈɪnˌpʊt ˈɪntu ˈkæstɪŋ ər ˈfaɪnəl kət ər ən ˈækʧəwəl rɪˈtərn ɔn ðɛr ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt, wɪn ˌɪnˈstɛd hi kʊd ʤɪst sik aʊt ˈdoʊnərz hu wɪl bi ˈhæpi ʤɪst noʊɪŋ ˈhæpi. ər, wɪθ rɪˈsivɪŋ ə diary”*” ər əv ðə skrɪpt, wɪʧ ər tu əv ðə rɪˈwɔrdz wən kən rɪˈsiv. ˈdoʊnərz kən du ˈivɪn ˈbɪgər θɪŋz laɪk neɪm wən əv ðə fɪlmz ˈkɛrɪktərz, əˈtɛnd ə ˈskrinɪŋ wɛr ju kən ʃeɪp ðə ˈfaɪnəl cut,”*,” ər ˈivɪn əˈpɪr ɪn ðə ˈmuvi ɪn ən ənˈpeɪd ˈspikɪŋ əv wɪʧ sim laɪk ɪgˈzæktli ðə sɔrt əv ˌɪnˈtrusɪv dɪˈmændz ðoʊz ““traditional”*” ˌɪnˈvɛstərz wʊd meɪk. bət ðɛn, ɪn ðɪs keɪs, ˈfæməli. ənd ˈmeɪbi ɔl ˈfæməli ˈrɪli ɪz: ə grup əv ˈpipəl ðət gɪv ju ˈmɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz soʊ ju kən meɪk ə ˈmuvi, ðɛn æsk ju tɪ ʃɛr ðə ˈprɑfɪts. ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt ɪn keɪs ʤɪst ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ zæk laɪf ˌmoʊtəˈveɪʃən ɪˈnəf, bræf həz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈgreɪʃəsli prəˈvaɪdɪd ə sɪˈnɑpsɪs ju kən hɛlp meɪk ə ˌriˈæləˌti, ðɛn peɪ ɪm ɔl ˈoʊvər əˈgɛn tɪ si. laɪk ˈgɑrdən steɪt, ɪt kənˈsərnz ə actor,”*,” ðɪs taɪm ɪn hɪz 30s*, stɪl traɪɪŋ tɪ faɪnd hɪz ˈpərpəs. ənˈlaɪk ˈgɑrdən steɪt, hi faɪndz ɪt nɑt baɪ ˈhæŋɪŋ aʊt wɪθ ə ˈpɑsəbli ˈmɛnəli dɪˈreɪnʤd gərl bət ɪn hɪz tu kɪdz, ə ˈmɪʃən hi ˈəndərˌteɪks baɪ ˈtɔsɪŋ ðə curriculum”*” ənd ðɛm əˈbaʊt laɪf hɪz way.”*.” fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ˈlərnɪŋ tɪ θroʊ ɔf ðə ˈʃækəlz əv kənˈfɔrməti ðət kəmz wɪθ ˈjuzɪŋ jʊr oʊn ˈɪndəstri klaʊt ər kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˈpərsɪnəl ˈfaɪˌnænsɪz tɪ meɪk jʊr ˈprɑʤɛkts, wɪn ˌɪnˈstɛd ju kən ʤɪst bɛg fər ˈməni ɔn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt.

knowing that sometimes, all it takes is that one unexpected person to swoop into your life and give you $2 million, zach braff has turned to kickstarter to finance wish i was here, his directorial follow-up to garden state. as he explains in his video appeal below, braff just wants to make it okay to feel something again—namely the freedom from financers who demand things like input into casting or final cut or an actual return on their investment, when instead he could just seek out donors who will be happy just knowing he’s happy. or, with receiving a “production diary” or pdf of the script, which are two of the lower-tier rewards one can receive. higher-level donors can do even bigger things like name one of the film's characters, attend a post-production screening where you can “help shape the final cut,” or even appear in the movie in an unpaid speaking role—all of which seem like exactly the sort of intrusive demands those “traditional” investors would make. but then, in this case, it’s family. and maybe that’s all family really is: a group of people that give you millions of dollars so you can make a movie, then don’t ask you to share the profits. advertisement in case just changing zach braff’s life isn’t motivation enough, braff has also graciously provided a synopsis you can help make a reality, then pay him all over again to see. like garden state, it concerns a “struggling actor,” this time in his 30s, who’s still trying to find his life’s purpose. unlike garden state, he finds it not by hanging out with a possibly mentally deranged girl but in home-schooling his two kids, a mission he undertakes by tossing the “traditional curriculum” and “teaching them about life his way.” for example, learning to throw off the shackles of conformity that comes with using your own industry clout or considerable personal finances to make your projects, when instead you can just beg for money on the internet.

saʊnd ə bɪt hɑrʃ? pərˈhæps. bət ɪf ðɪs ˈθɪri ɪz raɪt, ɪt kʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi ə ˈmeɪʤər ˈbreɪkθˌru. ðə paʊər əv θrɛts θæŋks tɪ ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən rɪˈfɔrmərz səʧ ɛz ˈfɔrmər d.c*. skulz ˈʧænsələr mɪˈʃɛl ri, ˈmɛni əv ˈjuˈɛs ər naʊ fəˈmɪljər wɪθ ðə aɪˈdiə əv ˈmɛrət peɪ ðə ˈnoʊʃən ðət ˈtiʧərz' ˈərnɪŋz ʃʊd bi taɪd tɪ ðɛr ˈstudənts' səkˈsɛs. ˈjunjənz hæv pʊʃt bæk hɑrd əˈgɛnst ðə aɪˈdiə. ɪn tərmz əv ˈpəblɪk ˈpɑləsi, ɪt ˈɔfən ˈtrænsˌleɪts ˈɪntu ˈhændɪŋ aʊt ˈboʊnəsɪz tɪ ˌɪnˈstrəktərz hu gɪt ðə bɛst rɪˈzəlts, wɪθ ðə hoʊp ðət ðə ˈprɑməs əv ə ˈlɑrʤər ˈpeɪˌʧɛk wɪl ˈmoʊtəˌveɪt ðɛm tɪ wərk ˈhɑrdər wɪn ðɛr əp ɪn frənt əv ðə chalkboard*. bət ˈlɛvɪt, fraɪər ənd koʊ. ˈɑrgju ðət ðɛrz ə ˈsɪriəs ˈprɑbləm wɪθ ˈmɛrət peɪ. soʊ fɑr, ðeɪ seɪ, ðɛrz bɪn skænt ˈɛvədəns ðət ɪt ˈæˌkʧuəli wərks. ˈstədiz əv ˈtiʧər ˌɪnˈsɛnɪv ˈproʊˌgræmz ɪn ˌtɛnəˈsi ənd nu jɔrk ˈsɪti feɪld tɪ faɪnd ˈɛni saɪnz ðət ðeɪ ˌɪmˈpruvd ˈstudənt ˈlərnɪŋ. ɪn ðə nu jɔrk ɪkˈspɛrəmənt, wɪʧ ˈhɑrvərdz fraɪər kənˈdəktəd, ðə ˌɪmˈpækt meɪ hæv ˈivɪn bɪn ˌdɛtrəˈmɛnəl. ˈɛnər lɔs əˈvərʒən. ðə ˈɔθərz θiəraɪzd ðət ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈɔfərɪŋ ə ˈboʊnəs tɪ ˈtiʧərz kəm ˈsəmərˌtaɪm, ɪt maɪt bi mɔr ˈifɛktɪv tɪ gɪv ˌɪnˈstrəktərz ˈməni ˈəpˌfrənt, ðɛn wɔrn ðɛm ðət ðeɪ wʊd hæv tɪ peɪ ɪt bæk ɪf ðɛr ˈstudənts ˈdɪdənt hɪt ðə ˈprɑpər ˈbɛnʧˌmɑrks. ˈrəðər ðən tæp ˈɪntu ˈtiʧərz' æmˈbɪʃən, ðeɪd tæp ˈɪntu ðɛr æŋˈzaɪəti. tɪ tɛst ðɛr aɪˈdiə, ðə ˈɔθərz dɪˈzaɪnd ən ɪkˈspɛrəmənt fər ðə skul jɪr ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ 150 ˈtiʧərz frəm ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ haɪts, ə ˌloʊˈɪnkəm kəmˈjunɪti ɪn ˌɪləˈnɔɪz. ðə ˌɪnˈstrəktərz wər ˈrændəmli əˈsaɪnd tɪ ə kənˈtroʊl grup ər wən əv tu meɪn ˈbənʧɪz, wɪʧ aɪl ˈʃɔrˌthænd ɛz ðə "ˈwɪnərz" ənd ðə "ˈluzərz." ðə ˈwɪnərz əˈgrid tɪ wərk ˈəndər ə trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈboʊnəs ˈstrəkʧər, wɛr ðeɪ kʊd meɪk əp tɪ ˈɛkstrə beɪst ɔn ðɛr ˈstudənts' ˈstændərˌdaɪzd tɛst skɔrz. ðə ˈluzərz wər ˈgɪvɪn ɔf ðə bæt ənd ˌɪnˈfɔrmd ðət ɪf ðɛr ˈstudənts' tərnd ɪn rɪˈzəlts, ðeɪd hæv tɪ peɪ ə ˈpɔrʃən əv ɪt bæk kəˈmɛnsərɪt wɪθ ʤɪst haʊ pur ðɛr skɔrz wər. ɔn ðə flɪp saɪd, ən pərˈfɔrməns kʊd ərn ðɛm əˈdɪʃənəl ˈboʊnəs ˈməni, əp tɪ ðə fʊl ðə ˈɔθərz ðɛn dɪˈvaɪdɪd ðə ˈwɪnərz ənd ˈluzərz əˈgɛn soʊ ðət səm ˈtiʧərz wʊd bi rɪˈwɔrdɪd beɪst ɔn ðɛr rɪˈzəlts ɛz timz əv tu, ənd ˈəðərz wʊd bi rɪˈwɔrdɪd beɪst ɔn ðɛr rɪˈzəlts ɛz ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz. kəm veɪˈkeɪʃən taɪm, ðə ˈluzərz hæd wən. ɪn mæθ, peɪɪŋ ˈtiʧərz ə ˈboʊnəs hæd noʊ stəˈtɪstɪkəli sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˈifɛkt. wɪn ˈtiʧərz hæd ˈməni tɪ luz, ðoʊ, ðɛr ˈstudənts ˈoʊvər pərˈfɔrmd. ðə ˌɪmˈpækt wɑz lɑrʤ ðə ɪkˈwɪvələnt əv ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ ə ˈtiʧərz skɪlz baɪ wən fʊl ˈstændərd ˌdiviˈeɪʃən ənd ðə ˈpætərn hɛld ˈwɛðər ˈtiʧərz wər ˈkɑmpənˌseɪtəd ɛz ə tim ər ɛz ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz. ðə ˈɔθərz' ˈdætə ɔn ˈrɛdɪŋ skɔrz tərnd aʊt tɪ bi ˈʃeɪkiər, sɪns moʊst ˈstudənts ˈəltəmətli hæd mɔr ðən wən ˌɪnˈstrəktər ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ðɛm ɔn ˈlæŋgwɪʤ skɪlz, bət ɪt ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd ə ˈsɪmələr trɛnd.

sound a bit harsh? perhaps. but if this theory is right, it could also be a major breakthrough. the power of threats thanks to education reformers such as former d.c. schools chancellor michelle rhee, many of us are now familiar with the idea of merit pay -- the notion that teachers' earnings should be tied to their students' success. unions have pushed back hard against the idea. in terms of public policy, it often translates into handing out year-end bonuses to instructors who get the best results, with the hope that the promise of a larger paycheck will motivate them to work harder when they're up in front of the chalkboard. but levitt, fryer and co. argue that there's a serious problem with merit pay. so far, they say, there's been scant evidence that it actually works. studies of teacher incentive programs in tennessee and new york city failed to find any signs that they improved student learning. in the new york experiment, which harvard's fryer conducted, the impact may have even been detrimental. enter loss aversion. the authors theorized that instead of offering a lump-sum bonus to teachers come summertime, it might be more effective to give instructors money upfront, then warn them that they would have to pay it back if their students didn't hit the proper benchmarks. rather than tap into teachers' ambition, they'd tap into their anxiety. to test their idea, the authors designed an experiment for the 2010-2011 school year involving 150 k-8 teachers from chicago heights, a low-income community in illinois. the instructors were randomly assigned to a control group or one of two main bunches, which i'll shorthand as the "winners" and the "losers." the winners agreed to work under a traditional year-end bonus structure, where they could make up to $8,000 extra based on their students' standardized test scores. the losers were given $4,000 off the bat and informed that if their students' turned in below-average results, they'd have to pay a portion of it back commensurate with just how poor their scores were. on the flip side, an above-average performance could earn them additional bonus money, up to the full $8,000. the authors then divided the winners and losers again so that some teachers would be rewarded based on their results as teams of two, and others would be rewarded based on their results as individuals. come vacation time, the losers had won. in math, paying teachers a year-end bonus had no statistically significant effect. when teachers had money to lose, though, their students over performed. the impact was large -- the equivalent of improving a teacher's skills by one full standard deviation -- and the pattern held whether teachers were compensated as a team or as individuals. the authors' data on reading scores turned out to be shakier, since most students ultimately had more than one instructor working with them on language skills, but it indicated a similar trend.

ˈdɛməˌkræts tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt kæmˈpeɪn taɪz tɪ ˈputɪn ˈsinjər juz. ˈdɛməˌkræts ənd ə ˈhændˌfʊl əv rɪˈpəblɪkənz dɪˈmændɪd ən ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈɪntu ˈwɛðər ðə ˈrəʃən ˈgəvərnmənt dɪˈrɛkli ɪn læst əˈmɛrɪkən ɪˈlɛkʃənz tɪ hɛlp ˈdɑnəld trəmp ə ʧɑrʤ ðət kʊd ˈɪnfluəns ðə ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ ɪˈlɛktərəl ˈkɑlɪʤ voʊt. ðə kɔlz fər ə proʊb, spərd baɪ ˈɪnˌkəmɪŋ ˈsɛnɪt məˈnɔrəti ˈlidər ʧək ˈʃumər, ˈfɑloʊd ɪkˈsploʊsɪv nu rɪˈpɔrts əv ə juz. ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns əˈsɛsmənt ðət kənˈkludɪd ˈhækərz sərvd ɛz ˈmɪdəlˌmɛn fər ˈmɔˌskaʊ tɪ bust ˈʧænsɪz ˈoʊvər ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˌnɑməˈni ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən. ɪf tru, ðə ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˈəndərˌkəts ðə lɪˈʤɪtəməsi əv ˈprɛzɪdənsi, əˈspɛʃəli ɛz hi siks ˈwɔrmɪŋ riˈleɪʃənz wɪθ ˈrəʃə. ə haʊs ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəˈmɪti ˈmɛmbər toʊld ˈfɔrən ˈpɑləsi ðət kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈdɛməˌkræts hu wɔnt tɪ dɪˈklæsəˌfaɪ ðə ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns əˈsɛsmənt ˈɔlsoʊ wɪl pʊʃ tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ˈwɛðər ˈmɔˌskaʊ dɪˈrɛkli koʊˈɔrdəneɪtɪd wɪθ ðə trəmp kæmˈpeɪn ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən. ðə ˌækjəˈzeɪʃən ðət ðə ˈrəʃən ˈgəvərnmənt wɑz dɪˈrɛkli ˌɪnərˈæktɪŋ wɪθ trəmp wɑz fərst ˈlɛvəld baɪ ˈsɛnɪt məˈnɔrəti ˈlidər ˈhɛri rid ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə haɪt əv ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl kæmˈpeɪn. ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər, rid həræŋd ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər ʤeɪmz fər nɑt dɪˈskloʊzɪŋ ˈditeɪlz əv əˈlɛʤd koʊˌɔrdəˈneɪʃən hi sɛd wɑz ɪn ðə pəˈzɛʃən. ˈpəblɪk həz ə raɪt tɪ noʊ ðɪs information,”*,” hi roʊt. juz. əˈfɪʃəlz ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ sɛd ðɛr wɑz noʊ ˈɛvədəns soʊ fɑr ðət ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd koʊˌɔrdəˈneɪʃən bɪtˈwin ðə trəmp kæmˈpeɪn ənd ˈrəʃə, ər ðət ˈmɛdəlɪŋ ˌɪnˈkludɪd məˈnɪpjəˌleɪtɪŋ əv ˈbælət ˈkaʊntɪŋ ər ˈvoʊtɪŋ məˈʃinz. stɪl, ə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈlidərˌʃɪp eɪd sɛd ˈsɛnɪt ˈdɛməˌkræts wʊd ““absolutely”*” bi ˈsikɪŋ mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɔn koʊˌɔrdəˈneɪʃən bɪtˈwin ðə ˈkrɛmlɪn ənd ðə trəmp kæmˈpeɪn. fərst ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˈfraɪˌdeɪ baɪ ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən poʊst, ðə ˈsikrɪt ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns əˈsɛsmənt wʊd ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkt ˈpriviəs əˈfɪʃəl juz. ˈsteɪtmənts ðət ˈrəʃə sɔt tɪ ˈmɪrli ˈəndərˌmaɪn ˈkɑnfədɛns ɪn ðə juz. ɪˈlɛkʃən ˈprɔˌsɛs. ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˈeɪʤənsiz hæv sɪns rɪˈpɔrtədli aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ˈpipəl lɪŋkt tɪ ðə ˈrəʃən ˈgəvərnmənt hu ər bɪˈlivd tɪ hæv səˈplaɪd wɪθ iˈmeɪlz hækt frəm kæmˈpeɪn ˈʧɛrmən, ʤɑn poʊˈdɛstə, ənd ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈnæʃənəl kəˈmɪti. ˈnoʊtəbli, ˈmɛni iˈmeɪlz hækt frəm rɪˈpəblɪkən ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz wər nɑt riˈlist tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk. ɔn ˈsənˌdi, sɛnz. ʤɑn məˈkeɪn ənd ˈlɪndzi græm ʤɔɪnd ˈdɛməˌkræts ɪn ˈkɔlɪŋ fər ə fʊl, baɪˈpɑrtɪzən ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən əv ækˈtɪvɪtiz. trəmp kˈwɪkli rɪfˈjutɪd ðə ˌriˈpɔrtəd əˈsɛsmənt əv ˈrəʃə ˌɪntərˈvinɪŋ ɔn hɪz bɪˈhæf, ənd səˈʤɛstɪd ðə ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəmˈjunɪti hi wʊd sun lɛd ɛz ˈprɛzɪdənt wɑz nɑt ˈtrəstˌwərði. ər ðə seɪm ˈpipəl ðət sɛd ˈsɑdəm huˈseɪn hæd ˈwɛpənz əv mæs destruction,”*,” ðə trəmp trænˈzɪʃən tim sɛd ɪn ə tərs ˈsteɪtmənt. ˈmɑkɪŋ əv ðə juz. ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns əˈsɛsmənt θˈrɛtənd tɪ spɔɪl riˈleɪʃənz wɪθ ðə ˈvɛri θrɛt ˈænəlɪsts ˈɛni ˈprɛzɪdənt məst rɪˈlaɪ ɔn fər ˈəpˌdeɪts rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti. rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ˈædəm ʃɪf, ðə tɔp ˈdɛməˌkræt ɔn ðə haʊs ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəˈmɪti, ˈskoʊldɪd trəmp fər ““impugn[ing*] ðə tɛnz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv əˈmɛrɪkənz hu ər æt wərk ˈɛvəri deɪ əv ðə jɪr, ˈmɛni ɪn greɪt ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈdeɪnʤər, tɪ prəˈtɛkt us.”*.” ə ˈfɔrmər ˈsinjər ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns əˈfɪʃəl toʊld ðət ˈbrɔdˌsaɪd, waɪl ill-advised*, wɑz ənˈlaɪkli tɪ drəˈmætɪkəli ˈʤɛpərˌdaɪz ðə riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ðə spaɪz. siaɪeɪ, ənˈfɔrʧənətli, ɪz juzd tɪ biɪŋ kɔt ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv faɪts əˈməŋ ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz ənd wɪl ˈsoʊlʤər ɔn professionally,”*,” sɛd ðə ˈfɔrmər əˈfɪʃəl, hu spoʊk ɔn kənˈdɪʃən əv ˌænəˈnɪmɪti. jɛt noʊ ɪgˈzæktli wət ðə siaɪeɪ rɪˈpɔrt sɛd ənd wɪθ wət ˈlɛvəl əv ˈkɑnfədɛns, bət ðə trəmp tim ʃʊd hæv ˈteɪkən mɔr taɪm tɪ ɪgˈzæmɪn ðə ˈɪʃu ˌbiˈfɔr ˈfaɪərrɪŋ bæk ənd ɔl əˈmɛrɪkənz ʃʊd wɔnt ˈsəmˌwən tɪ gɪt tɪ ðə ˈbɑtəm əv ˌwəˈtɛvər ðə ˈrəʃənz wər əp to.”*.” ðoʊ ðə ˈəˌprɔr ˈoʊvər ðə əˈsɛsmənt ˈlɑrʤli dru ˈsteɪtmənts əv dɪsəˈpruvəl frəm ˈdɛməˌkræts, səm rɪˈpəblɪkənz ˈɔlsoʊ ɪkˈsprɛst kənˈsərn. nɑt ˈʧælənʤɪŋ ðə ˈaʊtˌkəm əv ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən, bət ˈvɛri kənˈsərnd əˈbaʊt ˈrəʃən æt hoʊm θruaʊt ðə world,”*,” græm (r-s.c*.) sɛd ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ɔn tˈwɪtər. ðə nu rɪˈpɔrts kʊd ˌɔlˈðoʊ ər ənˈlaɪkli tɪ əˈfɛkt ðə ˈaʊtˌkəm əv ðə ɪˈlɛktərəl ˈkɑlɪʤ voʊt ɔn dɛk. 19 ənd stoʊkt moʊˈmɛntəm fər ə grup əv ɪˈlɛktərz hu ər traɪɪŋ tɪ kənˈvɪns ˈfɛloʊ ˈdɛləˌgeɪts tɪ θroʊ ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən tɪ ðə haʊs əv ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz. krɪs, ə ˈtɛksəs ˈdɛləˌgeɪt, toʊld hi həz bɪn ˈfɛvərˌɪʃli ˈwərkɪŋ ðə foʊnz tɪ kənˈvɪns ɪˈlɛktərz kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ trəmp tɪ swɪʧ ðɛr voʊts wɪn ðə ˈkɑlɪʤ mits tɪ kæst ðɛr ˈbæləts ənd ˈfɔrməˌlaɪz ðə ˈprɛzɪdənsi. trəmp feɪlz ðə ˈbeɪsɪk tɛst əv ˈfɪtnəs fər office,”*,” sɛd, hu ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ə steɪt ðət trəmp wən. ʤɑb ɪz gɪt ɪˈlɛktərz nɑt si ðɛmˈsɛlvz ɛz ˈrəbər stæmps fər ðə ˈkrɛmlɪn. ˈfaʊndərz geɪv ˈjuˈɛs ðə tulz tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ðət wi meɪk ə bæd decision.”*.” wʊd nɑt seɪ haʊ ˈmɛni ɪˈlɛktərz hi bɪˈlivz wɪl swɪʧ ðɛr voʊts bət sɛd ðə ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˈrəʃən ˌɪnərˈfɪrəns həz spɑrkt ə weɪv əv kɔlz frəm hɪz ˈfɛloʊ ˈdɛləˌgeɪts. ənd hɪz ˈælaɪz nid 37 ɪˈlɛktərz kəˈmɪtɪd tɪ trəmp tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðɛr voʊts ənd θroʊ ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən tɪ ðə haʊs. ðɛr, ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən məˈʤɔrəti wʊd ˈlaɪkli ɪnˈʃʊr ˈvɪktəri bət kʊd stɪl, ɪn ˈθɪri, kip ɪm frəm prɪˈvɛnt ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈɔfəs. ɪn tərn, ðət wʊd spɑrk ə ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl ˈkraɪsəs, ənd sɛd hɪz əˈtɛmpts tɪ kənˈvɪns ɪˈlɛktərz tɪ swɪʧ ðɛr voʊts hæv rɪˈzəltɪd ɪn dɛθ θrɛts əˈgɛnst ɪm ənd hɪz ˈfæməli. ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər, ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪd nɑt faɪnd ˈɛni kənˈklusɪv ər dɪˈrɛkt ˈɛvədəns ˈlɪŋkɪŋ trəmp tɪ ðə ˈrəʃən ˈgəvərnmənt. æt ðə taɪm, rid ˈspoʊksmən ˈædəm rɪfˈjuzd tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˈɛni ˈditeɪlz əv wət ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈlidər dɪˈmændɪd ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt. ˈnoʊtəbli, ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ həz rɪfˈjuzd tɪ ˈpəblɪkli ɛnˈdɔrs ðə əˈsɛsmənt ɔn ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən. ðə ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəmˈjunɪti ˈrɛrli splɪts ɔn ˌhaɪˈlɛvəl əˈsɛsmənts. bət dəˈbeɪt ənd ˈivɪn dɪsəˈgrimənt əˈməŋ ðə ˈeɪʤənsiz ɪz ɪnˈkərəʤd prɪˈsaɪsli tɪ əˈvɔɪd əˈnəðər dɪˈzæstrəs ““slam-dunk”*” prəˈnaʊnsmənt laɪk ðə wən ɪn 2002 ðət lɛd ðə juz. ˈɪntu ðə ˌɪˈrɑk wɔr. ɛz dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə dɪˈfɛns ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˈeɪʤənsi ɪn 2013 ˈɑrmi lt*. ʤɛn. maɪk flɪn ˈfrikwɛntli sərvd ɛz ə meɪn vɔɪs əv dɪˈsɛnt ɪn ðə ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəmˈjunɪti, ənd ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli ˈpəblɪkli dɪˈspjutɪd əˈsɛsmənts. æt ðə taɪm, hi dɪˈskraɪbd ˈdiə ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ɛz ˈhaɪli rɪˈlaɪəbəl ənd ˈlɪtəl mɔr aggressive,”*,” ˈgɪvɪn ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri əˈfɪʃəlz wər fɑr ˈkloʊzər tɪ ˈkɑnflɪkt ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ðən wər ˈəðər ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˈænəlɪsts ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ənd æt siaɪeɪ ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz ɪn ˈlæŋli, va*. flɪn ɪz naʊ pərˈpɛrɪŋ tɪ bɪˈkəm ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ædˈvaɪzər ənd kʊd ˈvɛri wɛl rɪˈteɪn hɪz ˈskɛptɪˌsɪzəm əv siaɪeɪ æˈnælɪsɪs ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ðət ɪz glind ˈkloʊzər tɪ ðə sɔrs. ðə nu ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi ˈoʊvər ˈrəʃə kəmz ɛz trəmp əˈpɪrd kloʊz tɪ ˈnɑməˌneɪtɪŋ ˈsiˌiˈoʊ rɛks ɛz ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt. ə ˈpərsən kloʊz tɪ ðə trəmp trænˈzɪʃən tim kənˈfərmd tɪ ðət ɪz ðə ˈlaɪkli pɪk ənd ðət ˈfɔrmər juz. æmˈbæsədər tɪ ðə u.n*. ʤɑn ˈboʊltən wʊd sərv ɛz hɪz ˈdɛpjəti ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt. ðoʊ sin ɛz ə səkˈsɛsfəl hɛd əv ðə ˈlɑrʤəst ˈpəblɪkli ˈtreɪdɪd ɔɪl ənd gæs ˈkəmpəˌni, dɪz nɑt hæv ˈɛni ˈpriviəs ˈgəvərnmənt ər ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk ɪkˈspɪriəns. hi dɪz hæv kloʊz ˈbɪznɪs taɪz tɪ ˈrəʃə ə fækt ˈdɛməˌkræts wʊd ˈlaɪkli siz əˈpɑn ˈdʊrɪŋ ˌkɑnfərˈmeɪʃən ˈhirɪŋz. θruaʊt ðə kæmˈpeɪn, trəmp preɪzd ˈputɪn ɛz ə leader”*” ðən ˌoʊˈbɑmə, ənd prəˈmoʊtəd ðə aɪˈdiə əv ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ˈrəʃə tɪ dɪˈfit ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk steɪt ɪn ˈsɪriə ənd ˌɪˈrɑk. əˈdɪʃəˌnəli, flɪn əˈpɪrd ˈmɛni taɪmz ɔn ðə ˈbrɔdˌkæstər rt*.

democrats to investigate trump’s campaign ties to putin senior u.s. democrats and a handful of republicans demanded an investigation into whether the russian government directly meddled in last month’s american elections to help president-elect donald trump — a charge that could influence the upcoming electoral college vote. the calls for a probe, spurred by incoming senate minority leader chuck schumer, followed explosive new reports of a u.s. intelligence assessment that concluded hackers served as middlemen for moscow to boost trump’s chances over democratic presidential nominee hillary clinton. if true, the intelligence undercuts the legitimacy of trump’s presidency, especially as he seeks warming relations with russia. a house intelligence committee member told foreign policy that congressional democrats who want to declassify the intelligence assessment also will push to investigate whether moscow directly coordinated with the trump campaign during the election. the accusation that the russian government was directly interacting with trump was first leveled by senate minority leader harry reid during the height of the presidential campaign. in october, reid harangued fbi director james comey for not disclosing details of alleged coordination he said was in the fbi’s possession. “the public has a right to know this information,” he wrote. u.s. officials on saturday said there was no evidence so far that indicated coordination between the trump campaign and russia, or that moscow’s meddling included manipulating of ballot counting or voting machines. still, a democratic leadership aide said senate democrats would “absolutely” be seeking more information on pre-election coordination between the kremlin and the trump campaign. first reported friday by the washington post, the secret intelligence assessment would contradict previous official u.s. statements that russia sought to merely undermine confidence in the u.s. election process. intelligence agencies have since reportedly identified people linked to the russian government who are believed to have supplied wikileaks with emails hacked from clinton’s campaign chairman, john podesta, and the democratic national committee. notably, many emails hacked from republican organizations were not released to the public. on sunday, sens. john mccain and lindsey graham joined democrats in calling for a full, bipartisan investigation of russia’s activities. trump quickly refuted the reported assessment of russia intervening on his behalf, and suggested the intelligence community he would soon lead as president was not trustworthy. “these are the same people that said saddam hussein had weapons of mass destruction,” the trump transition team said in a terse statement. trump’s mocking of the u.s. intelligence community’s assessment threatened to spoil relations with the very threat analysts any president must rely on for updates regarding national security. rep. adam schiff, the top democrat on the house intelligence committee, scolded trump for “impugn[ing] the tens of thousands of americans who are at work every day of the year, many in great physical danger, to protect us.” a former senior intelligence official told fp that trump’s broadside, while ill-advised, was unlikely to dramatically jeopardize the president-elect’s relationship with the nation’s spies. “the cia, unfortunately, is used to being caught in the middle of fights among politicians and will soldier on professionally,” said the former official, who spoke on condition of anonymity. “we don’t yet know exactly what the cia report said and with what level of confidence, but the trump team should have taken more time to examine the issue before firing back — and all americans should want someone to get to the bottom of whatever the russians were up to.” though the uproar over the cia’s assessment largely drew statements of disapproval from democrats, some republicans also expressed concern. “i’m not challenging the outcome of the election, but very concerned about russian interference/actions at home & throughout the world,” graham (r-s.c.) said saturday on twitter. the new reports could — although are unlikely to — affect the outcome of the electoral college vote on dec. 19, and stoked momentum for a group of anti-trump electors who are trying to convince fellow delegates to throw the election to the house of representatives. chris suprun, a texas delegate, told fp he has been feverishly working the phones to convince electors committed to trump to switch their votes when the college meets to cast their ballots and formalize the republican’s presidency. “donald trump fails the basic test of fitness for office,” said suprun, who represents a state that trump won. “my job is get electors not see themselves as rubber stamps for the kremlin. …the founders gave us the tools to make sure that we don’t make a bad decision.” suprun would not say how many electors he believes will switch their votes but said the reported russian interference has sparked a wave of calls from his fellow delegates. suprun and his allies need 37 electors committed to trump to change their votes and throw the election to the house. there, the republican majority would likely ensure trump’s victory but could still, in theory, keep him from prevent taking office. in turn, that would spark a constitutional crisis, and suprun said his attempts to convince electors to switch their votes have resulted in death threats against him and his family. in october, the new york times reported that the fbi did not find any conclusive or direct evidence linking trump to the russian government. at the time, reid spokesman adam jentleson refused to provide any details of what the senate democratic leader demanded the fbi investigate. notably, the fbi has refused to publicly endorse the cia’s assessment on the election. the intelligence community rarely splits on high-level assessments. but debate and even disagreement among the agencies is encouraged — precisely to avoid another disastrous “slam-dunk” pronouncement like the one in 2002 that led the u.s. into the iraq war. as director of the defense intelligence agency in 2013, now-retired army lt. gen. mike flynn frequently served as a main voice of dissent in the intelligence community, and occasionally publicly disputed assessments. at the time, he described dia intelligence as highly reliable and “a little more aggressive,” given military officials were far closer to ground-level conflict information than were other intelligence analysts in washington and at cia headquarters in langley, va. flynn is now preparing to become trump’s national security advisor — and could very well retain his skepticism of cia analysis in favor of intelligence that is gleaned closer to the source. the new controversy over russia comes as trump appeared close to nominating exxonmobil ceo rex tillerson as secretary of state. a person close to the trump transition team confirmed to fp that tillerson is the likely pick and that former u.s. ambassador to the u.n. john bolton would serve as his deputy secretary of state. though seen as a successful head of the world’s largest publicly traded oil and gas company, tillerson does not have any previous government or diplomatic experience. he does have close business ties to russia — a fact democrats would likely seize upon during confirmation hearings. throughout the campaign, trump praised putin as a “stronger leader” than obama, and promoted the idea of working with russia to defeat the islamic state in syria and iraq. additionally, flynn appeared many times on the kremlin-funded broadcaster rt.

ɔn ðə bæŋks əv ðə ˈsoʊˌloʊ ˈrɪvər ɪn ˈʤɑvə, ˌɪndoʊˈniʒə, fəˈzɪʃən ˈjuʤin duˈbɔɪs ənˈkəvərd ən əˈstaʊndɪŋ ˈfɑsəl faɪnd: ðə boʊnz əv wət əˈpɪrd tɪ bi ən ˈeɪnʧənt ˈjumən, sərˈaʊndɪd baɪ ˈænəməl rɪˈmeɪnz ənd ʃɛlz. ˈɛkskəˌveɪtɪd ɪn ðə 1890s*, ðə saɪt geɪnd feɪm ɛz ðə hoʊm əv man,”*,” ˈbɛtər noʊn təˈdeɪ ɛz ˈhoʊmoʊ. ˈdeɪtɪd tɪ bɪtˈwin ə ˈmɪljən ənd jɪrz oʊld, ðə boʊnz ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli prəˈvoʊkt ˈkɑntrəˌvərsi, bɪˈkəz duˈbɔɪs kleɪmd ðeɪ ʃoʊd ˈɛvədəns əv ə trænˈzɪʃənəl ˈspiʃiz bɪtˈwin eɪps ənd ˈjumənz. ɪt tərnz aʊt hi wɑz ˈfɑsəlz hæv sɪns bɪn faʊnd ɪn ˈæfrɪkɑ ənd ˈɛlsˌwɛr ɪn ˈeɪʒə, ənd ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl ðə ˈspiʃiz ɪz ə dɪˈrɛkt ˈænˌsɛstər əv ɑr oʊn. bət ðə ʃɛlz faʊnd əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ðə ˈʤɑvə rɪˈmeɪnz ðət ər ˈreɪzɪŋ bɪg kˈwɛsʧənz təˈdeɪ. ən ɪgˌzæməˈneɪʃən əv ðə ʃɛlz ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ˈneɪʧər səˈʤɛsts ðət ˈhoʊmoʊ meɪ hæv juzd ðə ʃɛlz fər tulz ənd ˈdɛkərˌeɪtɪd səm əv ðɛm wɪθ ˌʤiəˈmɛtrɪk ɪnˈgreɪvɪŋz. æt əraʊnd hæf ə ˈmɪljən jɪrz oʊld, ðə ʃɛlz ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ðə ˈərliəst ˈɛvədəns əv səʧ ˈdɛkrətɪv mɑrks ənd ˈɔlsoʊ ðə fərst noʊn juz əv ʃɛlz tɪ meɪk tulz. duˈbɔɪs kəˈlɛktəd 11 ˈspiʃiz əv ˈfrɛʃˌwɔtər ʃɛlz æt ðə saɪt, kɔld. moʊst əv ðɛm bɪˈlɔŋ tɪ ðə trinilensis*, ə naʊ ɪkˈstɪŋkt ˈfrɛʃˌwɔtər ˈməsəl hi dɪˈskraɪbd ɪn 1908 ˌɪˈnɪʃəli ˈsaɪəntɪsts θɔt ðə ˈmɑləsks hæd ˈnæʧərəli ˈkləstərd æt ðə saɪt, pərˈhæps ˈdrɪvən baɪ ˈwɔtər kərənts. ˈivɪn wɪˈθaʊt ə kəˈnɛkʃən tɪ ðə ˈjumən ˈfɑsəl, ðə kæˈʃeɪ prəˈvaɪdɪd ə nis ˈsɛnsəs əv ˈeɪnʧənt ˈfrɛʃˌwɔtər ʃɛl laɪf, ˈkəmɪŋ frəm æt list 166 ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz. wət fərst əˈtræktəd ˈʤoʊsəˌfin joordens*, ə mərˈin baɪˈɑləʤɪst ənd ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst æt ˌjunəˈvərsəti ɪn ðə ˈnɛðərləndz. ə fju jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ˈstivən mənˈroʊ, ən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst æt ɔˈstreɪljən ˈnæʃənəl ˌjunəˈvərsəti ənd ə ˈstədi co-author*, ˈhæpənd tɪ ˈbrifli lʊk θru ðə duˈbɔɪs ʃɛl kəˈlɛkʃən ənd tʊk ə fju ˈfoʊˌtoʊz. ðə ˈɪmɪʤɪz ʃoʊd ˈmɑrkɪŋz ɔn ðə ʃɛlz, æt fərst ˌɪnˈvɪzəbəl tɪ ðə ˈneɪkəd aɪ. streɪnʤ tɪ si ə ˈzɪgzæg ˈpætərn ɔn səʧ oʊld ˈfɑsəl shells,”*,” ˈriˌkɔlz joordens*. ˌɪnˈtrigd, ðə ˈrisərʧərz kəmˈpɛrd ðə duˈbɔɪs ʃɛlz tɪ haʊ ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈmɑləsks wər əreɪnʤd ənd ˈbɛrid ɪn ðə waɪld. ðə ˈpætərnz mæʧ əp. moʊst əv ðə ʃɛlz ˈɔlsoʊ hæd wɪrd hoʊlz ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋ tɪ ðə wɛr ðə ˈməsəl ənd ˈlɪgəmənt, juzd tɪ ˈoʊpən ənd kloʊz ðə ʃɛl, wʊd hæv bɪn əˈtæʧt. prɪˈzuməbli, ˈsəmˌwən ər ˈsəmθɪŋ wɑz traɪɪŋ tɪ praɪ ˈoʊpən ðə ʃɛl ənd riˈmuv ðə gui ˈməsəl. bæk ðɛn, ˈʃɛlˌfɪʃ ˈitərz səʧ ɛz ˈɑtərz, ræts ənd ˈməŋkiz ˈɔlsoʊ lɪvd ɔn ˈʤɑvə. ˈfɪgjərɪŋ aʊt wət kʊd hæv poʊkt hoʊlz ɪn ðə ʃɛlz rikˈwaɪərd səm ɪkˌspɛrəmənˈteɪʃən. wɪθ noʊ ˈmɑdərn ˈspɛsəmən tɪ drɔ frəm, ðə tim səˈlɛktɪd ə ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈmɑləsk wɪθ ðə ˈkloʊsəst ˌkɛrɪktərˈɪstɪks tɪ ðə ˈeɪnʧənt pseudodons*, ə ˈfrɛʃˌwɔtər ˈməsəl kɔld. ðə grup traɪd tɪ ˈoʊpən ðə ʃɛlz wɪθ ðə moʊst ˈlaɪkli ˈpɔɪnti ˈɑbʤɛkt æt hænd ɔn ˈʤɑvə, ə ʃɑrk tuθ. ˈoʊnli ˈpɪrsɪŋ ðə ˈməsəl pɑpt ðə ʃɛlz ˈoʊpən wɪˈθaʊt ˈbreɪkɪŋ ðɛm. ðət rikˈwaɪərz ə ˈsərtən dɪˈgri əv dɛkˈstɛrɪti ənd knowhow*, soʊ ˈhoʊmoʊ bɪˈkeɪm ðə moʊst ˈlaɪkli ˈkəlprɪt. ˈoʊpənɪŋ əv ˈʃɛlˌfɪʃ baɪ ˈpɪrsɪŋ ðə vælv ɪz ənˈjuˌʒuəl, ənd ɪz nɑt sin ɪn ˈiðər [ˈərli] ˈhoʊmoʊ ˈseɪpiənz ər niˈændərˌθɔl middens,”*,” wɪʧ ər ɛˈsɛnʃəli ˈʃɛlˌfɪʃ træʃ dəmps, sɪz kæt ˈʃɑboʊ, ən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv wollongong*. ɪf ˈjumənz ɔn ˈʤɑvə wər ˈoʊpənɪŋ ðə ʃɛlz fər fud, ðə ˈmɛθəd səˈʤɛsts ðeɪ eɪt ðə ˈʃɛlˌfɪʃ rɑ. ˈbaɪˌvælvz ˈoʊpən ˈizəli ˈæftər ˈkʊkɪŋ, ðɪs dɪz səˈʤɛst ðət ðə ˈmɑləsks æt wərənt cooked,”*,” sɪz ˈʃɑboʊ. ðɛr ɪz əˈnəðər ˈpɑsəbəl ˈrizən ˈhoʊmoʊ maɪt hæv bɪn ˈskreɪpɪŋ aʊt ˈmɑləsk ʃɛlz. wən ˈspɛsəmən hæd bɪn ˈmɑdəˌfaɪd ənd wɑz ˈlaɪkli juzd ɛz ə tul. ˈəndər ə ˈmaɪkrəˌskoʊp, ðə ʃɛl wɑz ˈvɪzəbli ˈʃɑrpənd, wɪθ ˈhɑlˌmɑrk frəm ˈkɑnˌtækt wɪθ hɑrd məˈtɪriəl. ʃɛl tul həz ə ɛʤ, soʊ wi əˈsum ðət ɪt wɑz juzd fər ˈkətɪŋ scraping,”*,” sɪz joordens*. ɪgˈzæktli wət ðə ʃɛl wɑz juzd fər ɪz ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ noʊ. ə ˈpriviəs ˈstədi səˈʤɛstɪd ðət kət mɑrks ɔn ˈeɪnʧənt kaʊ boʊnz faʊnd ɔn ˈʤɑvə ˈlaɪkli keɪm frəm ʃɛl tulz, wɪʧ kʊd hæv bɪn juzd tɪ ˈbʊʧər ˈænəməlz, kət plænts ər klin fɪʃ. niˈændərˌθɔlz, wɪʧ lɪvd əˈbaʊt tɪ jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ˈɔlsoʊ juzd ʃɛlz ɛz tulz, ðoʊ ˈɛvədəns ðət ðeɪ broʊk ðə ʃɛlz ənd ðɛn ˈʃɑrpənd ðɛm, noʊts spinapolice*, ən ˌɑrkiˈɑləʤɪst æt ðə mæks plæŋk ˈɪnstɪˌtut ɪn ˈʤərməni. ðə ˈprɛzəns əv ə ʃɛl tul maɪt ɪkˈspleɪn ðə dərθ əv stoʊn tulz æt saɪts əˈkrɔs ˌɪndoʊˈniʒə. həz ˈɔlˌweɪz bɪn ə puzzle,”*,” sɪz joordens*. wʊd ðeɪ ˈbʊʧər ˈænəməlz wɪˈθaʊt stoʊn tools?”*?” ɪt meɪks sɛns ðət ðə ˈʤɑvə ˈjumənz wʊd ˈsɪmpli juz wət ðeɪ hæd æt ðɛr dɪˈspoʊzəl, bət wɪˈθaʊt ˈfərðər ˈɛvədəns əv ʃɛl tulz, hɑrd tɪ bi 100 pərˈsɛnt ʃʊr. ðiz ˈkɑrvɪŋz goʊ dip ˈɪntu ðə ˈkælsiəm ˈkɑrbəˌneɪt ʃɛl, wɪʧ ɪz waɪ ˈɛvədəns əv ðə ˈpætərn sərˈvaɪvd ˈoʊvər ðə ˈsɛnʧəriz. bət ˈpɑsəbəl ˈəðər ʃɛlz bɔr mɔr ˌsupərˈfɪʃəl ɪnˈgreɪvɪŋz. wɪn frɛʃ, ðə waɪt ʃɛl wʊd hæv bɪn ˈkəvərd baɪ ə ˈlɛðəri braʊn ˈaʊtər leɪər, ənd ə kɑrvd ˈpætərn ɔn səʧ ə dɑrk ˈkænvəs ˈprɑbəˌbli lʊkt ˈstraɪkɪŋ ɪn ɪts deɪ. pərˈhæps ˈivɪn mɔr ˌɪnˈtrigɪŋ ɪz ə ˈsɪŋgəl ʃɛl wɪθ wət əˈpɪrz tɪ bi ə ˌʤiəˈmɛtrɪk gruvz kɑrvd ˈɪntu ðə ˈsɛnər əv ðə ˈaʊtər ʃɛl. æˈnælɪsɪs pɔɪnts tɪ ðə ˈpætərnz biɪŋ kɑrvd ɔn ˈpərpəs. əˈgɛn ðə tim tərnd tɪ ˈmɑdərn ˈməsəlz; ðeɪ traɪd ˈkɑrvɪŋ ˈsɪmələr ˈpætərnz ˈɪntu wɪθ ə ʃɑrk tuθ ənd kəmˈpɛrd ðət tɪ ˈwɛðərɪŋ ənd ˈnæʧərəl əˈbreɪʒənz. ʃʊr ɪˈnəf, ðɛr ˈkɑrvɪŋz wər ðə ˈkloʊsəst ˈmæʧɪz tɪ ðə ˈeɪnʧənt ˈpætərn. məst hæv bɪn ən əˈpilɪŋ θɪŋ fər ˈhoʊmoʊ erectus,”*,” sɪz joordens*. kən ˌɪˈmæʤən ˈsɪtɪŋ ðɛr wɪθ ə ʃɛl ɪn wən hænd ənd ə tul ɪn ðə ˈəðər hænd ənd ˈmeɪbi ˈrɛdi tɪ ˈoʊpən ðə ʃɛl fər fud, bət ðɛn ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə skræʧ ənd siɪŋ ðɪs waɪt laɪn appear.”*.” ðə ˈrisərʧərz juzd tu ˈdeɪtɪŋ tɛkˈniks ɔn prɪˈzərvd ˈsɛdəmənt ɪn ðə ʃɛlz tɪ ˈɛstəˌmeɪt ðɛr eɪʤ: bɪtˈwin ənd jɪrz oʊld. ðə tim ˈɔlsoʊ juzd ˈɛksˌreɪz tɪ ɪgˈzæmɪn ðə ˈhoʊmoʊ boʊnz ənd kənˈfərm ðət ðeɪ keɪm frəm ðə seɪm rɑk leɪər ɛz ðə ʃɛlz. ðə rɪˈzəlts səˈʤɛst ðət ðə ˈhoʊmoʊ ˈfɑsəlz ɔn ˈʤɑvə kwaɪt ɛz oʊld ɛz wi θɔt ðeɪ wər. stɪl, ðə ˌʤiəˈmɛtrɪk ɪnˈgreɪvɪŋ ˈpriˈdeɪts ˈəðər ɪgˈzæmpəlz baɪ əraʊnd jɪrz, ənd ðə ˈoʊldəst niˈændərˌθɔl ʃɛl tulz ər ˈɔlsoʊ məʧ ˈjəŋgər (əˈbaʊt jɪrz oʊld). kriˈeɪʃən əv ˌʤiəˈmɛtrɪk ˈpætərnz kʊd ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ə haɪər ˈlɛvəl əv ˌkrieɪˈtɪvəti ɪn ˈhoʊmoʊ ðən ˈpriviəsli θɔt, ər ˈmeɪbi səʧ ˈpætərnz ðə ɑrˈtɪstɪk ˈmæstərˌpisɪz wi səˈpoʊz ðɛm tɪ bi. ˈfɔrsɪz ˈjuˈɛs tɪ riəˈsɛs nɑt ˈoʊnli ðə kəˈpæsɪtiz əv ˈhoʊmoʊ, bət ðə kraɪˈtɪriə wi juz tɪ geɪʤ ðə bɪˈheɪvjərəl ˌɛvəˈluʃən əv ɑr oʊn species,”*,” sɪz ˈʃɑboʊ. ˈgɪvɪn ðət ˈəðər ˈhoʊmoʊ ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃənz juzd stoʊn tɛkˈnɑləʤi əraʊnd ðə seɪm taɪm, ðə tulz ənd ˈskræʧɪz ˈtoʊtəli ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt wɪθ əˈbɪləˌtiz, noʊts rɪk pɑts, ə wɪθ ðə ˈjumən ˈɔrəʤɪnz ˈproʊˌgræm. ˈhoʊmoʊ kənˈtɪnjud tɪ lɪv ɔn ˈʤɑvə ənˈtɪl əraʊnd jiz əˈgoʊ, ənd fər pɑts, ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti ðət ðiz ˈpræktɪsɪz pərˈsɪstɪd ɛz pɑrt əv ˈhoʊmoʊ ˈkəlʧər ɪz ˈivɪn mɔr ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ. [wʊd min] ðət ðɪs ˌɪnˈsɪpiənt kəˈpæsɪti tɪ ˌɪmˈpoʊz ə kriˈeɪtɪv ˈpætərn ɔn ən ˈɑbʤɛkt wɑz ə ˌkɛrɪktərˈɪstɪk əv ðə ˈleɪtər ˈmɛmbərz əv ðɪs species,”*,” sɪz pɑts ˈrɪli cool.”*.”

on the banks of the solo river in java, indonesia, 19th-century physician eugene dubois uncovered an astounding fossil find: the bones of what appeared to be an ancient human, surrounded by animal remains and shells. excavated in the 1890s, the site gained fame as the home of “java man,” better known today as homo erectus. dated to between a million and 700,000 years old, the bones immediately provoked controversy, because dubois claimed they showed evidence of a transitional species between apes and humans. it turns out he was right—homo erectus fossils have since been found in africa and elsewhere in asia, and it is possible the species is a direct ancestor of our own. but it’s the palm-sized shells found alongside the java remains that are raising big questions today. an examination of the shells published in nature suggests that homo erectus may have used the shells for tools and decorated some of them with geometric engravings. at around half a million years old, the shells represent the earliest evidence of such decorative marks and also the first known use of shells to make tools. dubois collected 11 species of freshwater shells at the site, called trinil. most of them belong to the sub-species pseudodon vondembuschianus trinilensis, a now extinct freshwater mussel he described in 1908. initially scientists thought the mollusks had naturally clustered at the site, perhaps driven by water currents. even without a connection to the human fossil, the cache provided a nice census of ancient freshwater shell life, coming from at least 166 pseudodon individuals. that’s what first attracted josephine joordens, a marine biologist and archaeologist at leiden university in the netherlands. a few years ago, stephen munro, an archaeologist at australian national university and a study co-author, happened to briefly look through the dubois shell collection and took a few photos. the images showed markings on the shells, at first invisible to the naked eye. “it’s strange to see a zigzag pattern on such old fossil shells,” recalls joordens. intrigued, the researchers compared the dubois shells to how living mollusks were arranged and buried in the wild. the patterns didn’t match up. most of the shells also had weird holes corresponding to the where the organism’s adductor muscle and ligament, used to open and close the shell, would have been attached. presumably, someone or something was trying to pry open the shell and remove the gooey mussel. back then, shellfish eaters such as otters, rats and monkeys also lived on java. figuring out what could have poked holes in the shells required some experimentation. with no modern specimen to draw from, the team selected a living mollusk with the closest characteristics to the ancient pseudodons, a freshwater mussel called potamida littoralis. the group tried to open the shells with the most likely pointy object at hand on java, a shark tooth. only piercing the muscle popped the shells open without breaking them. that requires a certain degree of dexterity and knowhow, so homo erectus became the most likely culprit. “the opening of shellfish by piercing the valve is unusual, and is not seen in either [early] homo sapiens or neanderthal middens,” which are essentially shellfish trash dumps, says kat szabo, an archaeologist at the university of wollongong. if humans on java were opening the shells for food, the method suggests they ate the shellfish raw. “as bivalves open easily after cooking, this does suggest that the mollusks at trinil weren't cooked,” says szabo. there is another possible reason homo erectus might have been scraping out mollusk shells. one specimen had been modified and was likely used as a tool. under a microscope, the shell was visibly sharpened, with hallmark striations from contact with hard material. “the shell tool has a knife-like edge, so we assume that it was used for cutting and/or scraping,” says joordens. exactly what the shell was used for is impossible to know. a previous study suggested that cut marks on ancient cow bones found on java likely came from shell tools, which could have been used to butcher animals, cut plants or clean fish. neanderthals, which lived about 200,000 to 40,000 years ago, also used shells as tools, though there’s evidence that they broke the shells and then sharpened them, notes enza spinapolice, an archaeologist at the max planck institute in germany. the presence of a shell tool might explain the dearth of stone tools at hominin sites across indonesia. “this has always been a puzzle,” says joordens. “how would they butcher animals without stone tools?” it makes sense that the java humans would simply use what they had at their disposal, but without further evidence of shell tools, it’s hard to be 100 percent sure. these carvings go deep into the calcium carbonate shell, which is why evidence of the pattern survived over the centuries. but it’s possible other shells bore more superficial engravings. when fresh, the white shell would have been covered by a leathery brown outer layer, and a carved pattern on such a dark canvas probably looked striking in its day. perhaps even more intriguing is a single shell with what appears to be a geometric pattern—zigzagged grooves carved into the center of the outer shell. analysis points to the patterns being carved on purpose. again the team turned to modern mussels; they tried carving similar patterns into potamida littoralis with a shark tooth and compared that to weathering and natural abrasions. sure enough, their carvings were the closest matches to the ancient pattern. “that must have been an appealing thing for homo erectus,” says joordens. “you can imagine sitting there with a shell in one hand and a tool in the other hand and maybe ready to open the shell for food, but then making a scratch and seeing this white line appear.” the researchers used two dating techniques on preserved sediment in the shells to estimate their age: between 540,000 and 430,000 years old. the team also used x-rays to examine the homo erectus bones and confirm that they came from the same rock layer as the shells. the results suggest that the homo erectus fossils on java aren’t quite as old as we thought they were. still, the geometric engraving predates other examples by around 300,000 years, and the oldest neanderthal shell tools are also much younger (about 110,000 years old). creation of geometric patterns could represent a higher level of creativity in homo erectus than previously thought, or maybe such patterns aren’t the artistic masterpieces we suppose them to be. “this forces us to reassess not only the capacities of homo erectus, but the criteria we use to gauge the behavioral evolution of our own species,” says szabo. given that other homo erectus populations used stone technology around the same time, the tools and scratches aren’t totally inconsistent with hominin abilities, notes rick potts, a paleoanthropologist with the smithsonian’s human origins program. homo erectus continued to live on java until around 200,000 yeas ago, and for potts, the possibility that these practices persisted as part of homo erectus culture is even more interesting. “that [would mean] that this incipient capacity to impose a creative pattern on an object was a characteristic of the later members of this species,” says potts “that's really cool.”

juz. koʊst gɑrd ˈmɛmbərz bɔrd ə semi-submersible*, ər spss*, ˈvɛsəl ɪn sərʧ əv koʊˈkeɪn sˈməgəld frəm ˈsɛntrəl əˈmɛrɪkə. ˈfoʊˌtoʊ baɪ juz. koʊst sæn diˈeɪgoʊ, ɔkt. 28 (upi*) ðə juz. koʊst gɑrd sizd mɔr ðən paʊnz əv koʊˈkeɪn frəm ə, ˌsəbmərˈin, ɪt əˈnaʊnst æt ɪts ˈneɪvəl beɪs ɪn sæn diˈeɪgoʊ. ðə ˈvɛsəl, ə semisubmersible*" ər spss*, wɑz ˈkæpʧərd sɛpt. 6 ɪn pəˈsɪfɪk ˈoʊʃən ˈwɔtərz ɔf ðə koʊst əv ˈsɛntrəl əˈmɛrɪkə baɪ ðə koʊst gɑrd ˈkətər, beɪst aʊt əv ˌæləˈmidə, ˈkælɪf. faɪv ˈsəˌspɛkts wər ˈɔlsoʊ ˌæprɪˈhɛndəd waɪl əˈtɛmptɪŋ tɪ ˈskətəl ðə ˈvɛsəl baɪ ˈsɪŋkɪŋ ɪt. ˈbɔrdɪŋ ˈpɑrtiz faʊnd ə hoʊld 8 fit dip kənˈteɪnɪŋ koʊˈkeɪn ræpt ɪn ˈplæstɪk bægz ənd ɔn ˈpæləts. ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈvɛsəl sæŋk, əˈfɪʃəlz rɪˈkəvərd əˈbaʊt tənz əv koʊˈkeɪn, əˈbaʊt ə θərd əv wət ðeɪ bɪˈliv wɑz ɪn ðə hoʊld. ɪt wɑz ðə sɪksθ səb sizd baɪ ðə koʊst gɑrd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈfɪskəl jɪr ˈɛndɪŋ sɛpt. 30 ðə ˈtrænsfərd tənz əv koʊˈkeɪn tɪ ʃɔr ˈθərzˌdeɪ ɪn ən ɪˈvɛnt æt wɪʧ ɪt wɑz əˈnaʊnst ə ˈrɛkərd paʊnz əv koʊˈkeɪn wɑz rɪˈkəvərd ɪn 260 drəg ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə jɪr. ðə ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd ˈvælju əv ðə koʊˈkeɪn wɑz ˈbɪljən. "wɪθ ˈɛvəri ˌɪntərˈdɪkʃən, wi lərn mɔr əˈbaʊt trænsˈnæʃənəl ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzd kraɪm ˈnɛtˌwərks ðət ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt ˈprɑfɪt ənd proʊˈlɪfərˌeɪt paʊər frəm ə ˈlɔndri lɪst əv ˌɪˈlɪsət ækˈtɪvɪtiz," sɛd vaɪs adm*. frɛd mɪˈʤɛt, kəˈmændər, koʊst gɑrd pəˈsɪfɪk ˈɛriə. ˈædɪd capt*. ʤeɪmz pɑsɑˈrɛli, kəˈmændɪŋ ˈɔfɪsər əv ðə, "ɑr koʊst ˈgɑrdzmɪn feɪs sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt rɪsks poʊzd baɪ ˈdeɪnʤərəs ˈkrɪmənəl ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz. ɑr kru prɪˈzərvd ˈvæljəbəl ˈɛvədəns ənd kɛpt ˈmɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz əv ˌɪˈlɪsət nɑrˈkɑtɪks ɔf əˈmɛrɪkəz strits." ðə koʊˈkeɪn ɪz ˈtɪpɪkəli sɛnt baɪ ˈsəbmərˌinz frəm ˈsɛntrəl əˈmɛrɪkə tɪ ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ, wɛr ɪt ɪz sˈməgəld ˈɪntu ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈoʊvərˌlænd. ðə pəˈtroʊlz ən ˈɛriə əv ðə pəˈsɪfɪk ˈoʊʃən twaɪs ðə saɪz əv ðə ˌkɑntəˈnɛnəl juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ənd noʊn ɛz ðə ˈwɛstərn ˈhɛmɪsˌfɪr ˈtrænzɪt zoʊn, wɛr ðə koʊst gɑrd sizd 69 pərˈsɛnt əv nɑrˈkɑtɪks ɪn ðə pæst jɪr, ɪt sɛd.

u.s. coast guard members board a self-propelled semi-submersible, or spss, vessel in search of cocaine smuggled from central america. photo by u.s. coast guard/upi san diego, oct. 28 (upi) -- the u.s. coast guard seized more than 5,600 pounds of cocaine from a custom-built, drug-running submarine, it announced at its naval base in san diego. the vessel, a "self-propelled semisubmersible" or spss, was captured sept. 6 in pacific ocean waters off the coast of central america by the coast guard cutter waesche, based out of alameda, calif. five suspects were also apprehended while attempting to scuttle the vessel by sinking it. uscg boarding parties found a hold 8 feet deep containing cocaine wrapped in plastic bags and on pallets. before the vessel sank, officials recovered about 2.8 tons of cocaine, about a third of what they believe was in the hold. it was the sixth drug-running sub seized by the coast guard during the fiscal year ending sept. 30. the waesche transferred 19.5 tons of cocaine to shore thursday in an event at which it was announced a record 416,000 pounds of cocaine was recovered in 260 drug interdictions during the year. the estimated value of the cocaine was $5.6 billion. "with every interdiction, we learn more about transnational organized crime networks that generate profit and proliferate power from a laundry list of illicit activities," said vice adm. fred midgette, commander, coast guard pacific area. added capt. james passarelli, commanding officer of the waesche, "our coast guardsmen face significant risks posed by dangerous criminal organizations. our crew preserved valuable evidence and kept millions of dollars of illicit narcotics off america's streets." the cocaine is typically sent by custom-built submarines from central america to mexico, where it is smuggled into the united states overland. the waesche patrols an area of the pacific ocean twice the size of the continental united states and known as the western hemisphere transit zone, where the coast guard seized 69 percent of ocean-delivered narcotics in the past year, it said.

hæk ðə seɪ wət ju wɪl əˈbaʊt, bət ðeɪv gɑt ə næk fər traɪɪŋ ˈsəmθɪŋ ə ˈlɪtəl ˈdɪfərənt fər ðɛr ˈɔfərɪŋz. ˈæftər ðə ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli səkˈsɛsfəl lɔnʧ əv wɔʧ dɔgz bæk ɪn meɪ, ɪt simd laɪk ðeɪv bɪn ˈbaɪdɪŋ ðɛr taɪm wɪθ ðə riˈlis əv səm sˈmɔlər pæks tɪ wən əv ðɛr nu ˈtaɪtəlz. wɪθ soʊ məʧ ˈkɑntɛnt pækt ɪn wɔʧ dɔgz, aɪ wɑz ˈkjʊriəs tɪ si haʊ ə kæmˈpeɪn kən stæk əp. bət naʊ, ɪt simz fɛlt ðət fɔr mənθs wɑz ɪˈnəf fər pleɪərz tɪ ɪkˈsplɔr ðə ˈsɪti əv ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ ɛz ˌeɪˈdɛn pɪrs. wɪθ ə nu ˈkɛrɪktər, ə nu sɛt əv tulz, ənd nu ˈmɪʃənz tɪ daɪv ˈɪntu; pleɪərz kən si ðə strits əv ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ θru ə frɛʃ pərˈspɛktɪv, ənd kən ˈivɪn brɪŋ ə frɛnd əˈlɔŋ fər ðə raɪd. wɔʧ dɔgz: bæd bləd (ˈpleɪˌsteɪʃən 3 ˈpleɪˌsteɪʃən 4 [ˈprivˌjud], ˈpiˈsi, 360 wən, wi ju) dɪˈvɛləpər: ˌməntriˈɔl ˈpəblɪʃər: riˈlis deɪt: sɛpˈtɛmbər 23 2014 (ˈsizən pæs) sɛpˈtɛmbər 30 2014 (ˈriˌteɪl) sɛt ə fju mənθs ˈæftər ðə ɛnd əv ðə meɪn kæmˈpeɪn, pleɪərz teɪk ɔn ðə roʊl əv ˈreɪmənd "ˈtiˌboʊn" ˈkɛni, ə ˈfɛloʊ ˈhækər hu hɛlpt ˌeɪˈdɛn pɪrs ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz faɪt əˈgɛnst blum ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən. ɛz hi traɪz tɪ lus ɛndz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈlivɪŋ ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ fər gʊd, ˈtiˌboʊn ɪnˈkaʊnərz ən oʊld əkˈweɪntəns ðət nidz hɪz hɛlp nɑt ˈwɑnɪŋ tɪ liv ɪm ˈhæŋɪŋ, hi məst wəns əˈgɛn teɪk ɔn ðə blum ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən, waɪl traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈkəvər hɪz træks ənd gɪt aʊt əv ðə geɪm ɪn wən pis. fərst ənd ˈfɔrˌmoʊst, ˈɛniˌwən ɪkˈspɛktɪŋ ə bləd ˈdrægən staɪl əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðə meɪn geɪm wɪl bi ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd. bæd bləd sərvz ɛz ən ˌɛpɪˈlɔg tɪ ðə meɪn ˈstɔri əv wɔʧ dɔgz, taɪɪŋ əp lus ɛndz ənd ʃoʊɪŋ wət bɪˈkeɪm əv ðə meɪn ˈkɛrɪktərz ˈæftər ˌeɪˈdɛn pɪrs səkˈsidɪd ɪn ˈgɪtɪŋ hɪz riˈvɛnʤ. doʊnt ɪkˈspɛkt ə ənd ˈtaɪtəl hir, ðɪs ɪz stɪl wɔʧ dɔgz. wɪθ ðət sɛd, bæd bləd simz tɪ hæv ə lɔt mɔr fən wɪθ ðə məˈtɪriəl, ˈɑptɪŋ tɪ goʊ wɪθ mɔr əv ə pəŋk teɪk ɔn ðə kəmˈpjutər ˈhækər, ˈrəðər ðən ə ˈbrudɪŋ ənd oʊ soʊ ˈsɪriəs anti-hero*. ˈtiˌboʊn ɪz ə ˈrɪli fən ˈkɛrɪktər tɪ pleɪ ɛz hil ˈɔfər ˈwɪti ˈbæntər ənd ʃoʊ sæs tɪ ðə ˈəðər ˈkɛrɪktərz, ɔl ðə waɪl ˈjuzɪŋ bɪˈzɑr ˈgæʤəts ənd trɪks tɪ teɪk daʊn ðə ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən. ˈbeɪsɪkli, hiz ðə ɪgˈzækt ˈɑpəzɪt əv ˌeɪˈdɛn. ˈspikɪŋ wɪθ ˈprɑʤɛkt ˈmænɪʤər ˈdeɪvɪd ənd ˈsinjər geɪm dɪˈzaɪnər ˈʧaɪrən, ðə dɪˈvɛləpərz æt ˈwɔntɪd tɪ kip ðə kɔr əv ðə wɔʧ dɔgz ɪkˈspɪriəns ðə seɪm, waɪl æt ðə seɪm taɪm ˈædɪŋ ə ʃɪft ɪn toʊn ənd nu ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ twiks. "ɪts greɪt tɪ kəm bæk ənd ʃoʊ ˈsəmθɪŋ nu fər fænz," sɛd. "wi fil ɪt wɪl brɪŋ ə lɔt əv ˈfrɛʃnəs ənd ˈnunəs tɪ ðə ˈfrænˌʧaɪz." məʧ laɪk ˌeɪˈdɛn, ˈtiˌboʊn pəˈzɛsɪz ðə tulz tɪ hæk ˈɪntu ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊz kəmˈpjutər ˈnɛtˌwərk tɪ məˈnɪpjəˌleɪt ðə ˈsɪtiz ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃənz tɪ hɪz wɪm. hil hæv tɪ juz ðiz trɪks, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ səm ˈhɛvi ˈfaɪrˌpaʊər ənd ˈkənɪŋ tɪ ˈoʊvərˌkəm ðə ˈmɛni ˈɛnəmiz ðət ər aʊt tɪ gɪt ɪm ənd hɪz ˈælaɪz. ənˈlaɪk ðə ˈəðər ˈhækər, ˈtiˌboʊn həz gɑt səm juˈnik trɪks əp hɪz sliv. ðə ˈvɛtərən ˈhækər kən brɪŋ hɪz ˈkəstəˌmaɪzd kɑr ˈjuʤin aʊt ˈɪntu ðə fild, wɪʧ həz ə ˈteɪzər ənd ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə seɪm ˈhækɪŋ əˈbɪləˌtiz. ˈjuʤin kən ˈɛnər smɔlz ˈspeɪsɪz ənd əˈvɔɪd ðə saɪts əv gɑrdz tɪ kəmˈplit tæsks tu ˈdɪfəkəlt baɪ trəˈdɪʃənəl minz. əv kɔrs, sɪns ðə geɪm ɪz stɪl sɛt ɪn ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ, ˈmɛni pleɪərz wɪl ˈlaɪkli fil æt hoʊm wɪn ˈstɑrtɪŋ bæd bləd. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə dɪˈvɛləpərz hoʊp tɪ swɪʧ θɪŋz əp baɪ ˈædɪŋ ɪn ə fju səˈpraɪzɪz. "waɪl ɪt ɪz stɪl sɛt ɪn ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ, wi ˈædɪd ɪn ə lɔt əv nu loʊˈkeɪʃənz ðət ðə pleɪər ˈhæzənt sin ɪn wɔʧ dɔgz," sɛd waɪl dɪˈskəsɪŋ ðə nu ˈkɑntɛnt. "ɪn ðiz nu loʊˈkeɪʃənz, wi pleɪ wɪθ ðə speɪs məʧ mɔr. ɪn tərmz əv tulz, ju kən juz ˈjuʤin, wɪʧ əˈlaʊz ju tɪ snik pæst ˈɛnəmiz ənd ɪn taɪt ˈspeɪsɪz tɪ əˈkɑmplɪʃ goʊlz." ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ spaɪs əp ðə side-content*, ðə dɪˈvɛləpərz ˈɑptɪd tɪ kriˈeɪt ə brænd nu ˈsɪriz əv kɔld strit swip. ˈæftər ə ˈsərtən pɔɪnt ɪn ðə geɪmz ˈstɔri, ˈtiˌboʊn wɪl meɪk ˈkɑnˌtækt wɪθ ən ˈælaɪ ɪn ðə ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ pəˈlis dɪˈpɑrtmənt hu həz ə hoʊl stæk fʊl əv keɪs faɪlz ðət nid ˈsɑlvɪŋ. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ saɪd ˈkɑntɛnt, ðiz nu ˈmɪʃənz əˈlaʊ ˈtiˌboʊn tɪ ˈlɛvəl əp, əkˈwaɪər ˈkərənsi tɪ ˈəpˈgreɪd hɪz gɪr ənd baɪ nu ˈkɑstumz, ənd hɛlp klin ðə strits əv ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ tɪ bust hɪz ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən. θɪŋk ˈpərsən əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst, bət wɪθ ə meɪn ˈkɛrɪktər ðət wildz ə ʤaɪənt rɛʧ ənd ən ˈɔlˈpərpəs ɛz hɪz ˈwɛpənz əv ʧɔɪs. "wi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ æd mɔr vərˈaɪəti tɪ ðə side-content*, ənd wi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ æd mɔr əˈbʤɛktɪvz tɪ ðə taɪps əv ˈmɪʃənz ənd ˈpleɪsɪz, ənd wɪθ strit swip wi naʊ hæv ˈɛndləs ˈmɪʃənz əˈveɪləbəl fər pleɪərz," sɛd waɪl ɪˈlæbərˌeɪtɪŋ ɔn ðə nu strit swip ˈmɪʃənz. "ðə goʊl wɑz tɪ ˈnɛvər hæv tu ˈmɪʃənz ðət ər ðə seɪm, ðeɪ ər ɔl ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪd bət ðeɪ ər ˈnɛvər ðə seɪm. wɪθ ðə strit swip, pleɪərz kən ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ðə ɛz məʧ ɛz ðeɪ wɔnt." mɔˈroʊvər, ðə strit swip ˈmɪʃənz kən ˈɔlsoʊ bi pleɪd ɪn wɔʧ dɔgz' brænd nu koʊɑp moʊd. məʧ laɪk ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈɔnˌlaɪn moʊd, pleɪərz kən ˈsimləsli ˈɛnər ər hæv əˈnəðər pleɪər ʤɔɪn ðɛr geɪm wɛr ju kən teɪk daʊn gæŋz ənd ˈraɪvəl ˈhækərz. ðə koʊɑp pleɪ ˈɔfərz ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ʧeɪnʤ əv peɪs frəm ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈməltiˌpleɪər moʊd. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv biɪŋ ˈkɑnstəntli ˈkɔʃəs əv ˈɛniˌwən ˈɛnərɪŋ jʊr geɪm, ju kən naʊ hæv ə ˈbədi wɪθ ju ˈhɛlpɪŋ aʊt. ɪt meɪks ju ˈwəndər waɪ ðeɪ ˈdɪdənt ˌɪnˈklud ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk ðɪs ɪn ðə fərst pleɪs. wɪθ ðət sɛd, ənd biɪŋ ˈtoʊtəli ˈɑnəst, aɪ ˈdɪdənt ˈrɪli si məʧ ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ðə strit swips ənd ˈrɛgjələr. əˈspɛʃəli sɪns ðɛr ɪn ˈmoʊstli ðə seɪm ˈərbən ənd ˈaʊtˌdɔr ɪnˈvaɪrənmənts ɪn ənd əraʊnd ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ. ðə ˈædɪd ˈstɔri fər ðə strit swip, wɪθ ðə ˈfiˌmeɪl pəˈlis dɪˈtɛktɪv ənd ˈtiˌboʊn brɔt səm ʧɑrm tɪ ðə ˈmɪʃənz, bət aɪ faʊnd ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ˈmoʊstli duɪŋ ðə seɪm ʃut ər hæk ɛks waɪl əˈvɔɪdɪŋ ˈɛvriˌwən ɛls ˈmɪʃənz. ɪt fɛlt rɪˈpɛtɪtɪv, bət ðə ˈsɑləd ˈʃutɪŋ məˈkænɪks ənd kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ ðə ˈhækɪŋ ˈgeɪmˌpleɪ stɪl kɛpt θɪŋz ˌɛnərˈteɪnɪŋ. ˈgrænɪd ðɪs wɑz stɪl ˈprɪti ˈərli ɔn ɪn ðə geɪm. soʊ pərˈhæps wəns ju ˈprɑˌgrɛs ˈfərðər, wɪl ˈhoʊpfəli si ʤɪst haʊ məʧ ˈdɪfərənt θɪŋz kən gɪt aɪ ˈrɪli du laɪk ðə aɪˈdiə əv ə ˈrændəˌmaɪzd ˈmɪʃən ˈsɪstəm. bət ɪn ˈɛni keɪs, aɪ ˈrəðər ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ˌmaɪˈsɛlf wɪθ wɔʧ dɔgz: bæd bləd. waɪl ɪt simz tɪ bi ˈstɪkɪŋ ˈvɛri ˈkloʊsli wɪθ ðə seɪm ˈfɔrmjələ frəm ðə meɪn geɪm, fər ˈbɛtər ər wərs, aɪ faʊnd ˈtiˌboʊn tɪ bi məʧ mɔr əv ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ˈkɛrɪktər tɪ pleɪ ɛz ðən pɪrs. pərˈhæps ɪts bɪˈkəz hiz gɑt ə ˈsɪriəs sɛt əv ənd ə ˈhɛvi ˈmeɪˌleɪ ˈwɛpən, wɪʧ ˈdɛfənətli sɛts hɪmˈsɛlf əˈpɑrt frəm ˌeɪˈdɛn. aɪ fil ðə ʧeɪnʤ ɪn toʊn, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt ə ˈlɪtəl mɔr fən ənd kul, kən du ə lɔt tɪ sɛt ˌɪtˈsɛlf əˈpɑrt frəm ðə meɪn kæmˈpeɪn. ˈtiˌboʊn wɑz ə fən ˈkɛrɪktər tɪ pleɪ ɛz, ənd əm ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd tɪ goʊɪŋ bæk ɪn siɪŋ wɛr hɪz trɛk θru ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ wɪl teɪk ɪm. bæd bləd wɪl bi əˈveɪləbəl fər ˈsizən pæs ˈhoʊldərz ɔn sɛpˈtɛmbər 23 ə fʊl wik ˈərliər ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt wɪl bi əˈveɪləbəl fər ɔl ɔn sɛpˈtɛmbər 30 wɪθ ðə riˈlis əv ðə wi ju ˈvərʒən ˈkəmɪŋ ˈsəmˌtaɪm ˈleɪtər. ju ər lɔgd aʊt. saɪn əp

hack the planet....again say what you will about ubisoft, but they've got a knack for trying something a little different for their dlc offerings. after the incredibly successful launch of watch dogs back in may, it seemed like they've been biding their time with the release of some smaller dlc packs to one of their best-selling new titles. with so much content packed in watch dogs, i was curious to see how a single-player campaign dlc can stack up. but now, it seems ubisoft felt that four months was enough for players to explore the city of chicago as aiden pearce. with a new playable character, a new set of tools, and new missions to dive into; players can see the streets of chicago through a fresh perspective, and can even bring a friend along for the ride. watch dogs: bad blood (playstation 3, playstation 4 [previewed], pc, xbox 360, xbox one, wii u) developer: ubisoft montreal publisher: ubisoft release date: september 23, 2014 (season pass) / september 30, 2014 (retail) set a few months after the end of the main campaign, players take on the role of raymond "t-bone" kenney, a fellow hacker who helped aiden pearce during his fight against blume corporation. as he tries to tie-up loose ends before leaving chicago for good, t-bone encounters an old acquaintance that needs his help -- not wanting to leave him hanging, he must once again take on the blume corporation, while trying to cover his tracks and get out of the game in one piece. first and foremost, anyone expecting a blood dragon style addition to the main game will be disappointed. bad blood serves as an epilogue to the main story of watch dogs, tying up loose ends and showing what became of the main characters after aiden pearce succeeded in getting his revenge. don't expect a tongue-in-cheek and self-aware title here, this is still watch dogs. with that said, bad blood seems to have a lot more fun with the material, opting to go with more of a punk take on the computer hacker, rather than a brooding and oh so serious anti-hero. t-bone is a really fun character to play as -- he'll offer witty banter and show sass to the other characters, all the while using bizarre gadgets and tricks to take down the competition. basically, he's the exact opposite of aiden. speaking with project manager david thériault and senior game designer aurélien chiron, the developers at ubisoft wanted to keep the core of the watch dogs experience the same, while at the same time adding a shift in tone and new gameplay tweaks. "it's great to come back and show something new for fans," said thériault. "we feel it will bring a lot of freshness and newness to the franchise." much like aiden, t-bone possesses the tools to hack into chicago's computer network to manipulate the city's installations to his whim. he'll have to use these tricks, along with some heavy firepower and cunning to overcome the many enemies that are out to get him and his allies. unlike the other hacker, t-bone has got some unique tricks up his sleeve. the veteran hacker can bring his customized r/c car eugene out into the field, which has a taser and access to the same hacking abilities. eugene can enter smalls spaces and avoid the sights of guards to complete tasks too difficult by traditional means. of course, since the game is still set in chicago, many players will likely feel at home when starting bad blood. however, the developers hope to switch things up by adding in a few surprises. "while it is still set in chicago, we added in a lot of new locations that the player hasn't seen in watch dogs," said aurélien while discussing the new content. "in these new locations, we play with the space much more. in terms of tools, you can use eugene, which allows you to sneak past enemies and in tight spaces to accomplish goals." in order to spice up the side-content, the developers opted to create a brand new series of side-missions called street sweep. after a certain point in the game's story, t-bone will make contact with an ally in the chicago police department who has a whole stack full of case files that need solving. in addition to the existing side content, these new missions allow t-bone to level up, acquire currency to upgrade his gear and buy new costumes, and help clean the streets of chicago to boost his reputation. think person of interest, but with a main character that wields a giant wretch and an all-purpose smartphone as his weapons of choice. "we wanted to add more variety to the side-content, and we wanted to add more objectives to the types of missions and places, and with street sweep we now have endless missions available for players," said aurélien while elaborating on the new street sweep missions. "the goal was to never have two missions that are the same, they are all generated but they are never the same. with the street sweep, players can enjoy the side-missions as much as they want." moreover, the street sweep missions can also be played in watch dogs' brand new co-op mode. much like the existing online mode, players can seamlessly enter or have another player join their game where you can take down gangs and rival hackers. the co-op play offers an interesting change of pace from the existing multiplayer mode. instead of being constantly cautious of anyone entering your game, you can now have a buddy with you helping out. it makes you wonder why they didn't include something like this in the first place. with that said, and being totally honest, i didn't really see much difference between the street sweeps and regular side-missions. especially since they're in mostly the same urban and outdoor environments in and around chicago. the added story for the street sweep, with the female police detective and t-bone brought some charm to the missions, but i found myself mostly doing the same shoot or hack x while avoiding everyone else missions. it felt repetitive, but the solid shooting mechanics and combined with the hacking gameplay still kept things entertaining. granted this was still pretty early on in the game. so perhaps once you progress further, we'll hopefully see just how much different things can get -- i really do like the idea of a randomized mission system. but in any case, i rather enjoyed myself with watch dogs: bad blood. while it seems to be sticking very closely with the same formula from the main game, for better or worse, i found t-bone to be much more of an interesting character to play as than pearce. perhaps it's because he's got a serious set of dreadlocks and a heavy melee weapon, which definitely sets himself apart from aiden. i feel the change in tone, making it a little more fun and cool, can do a lot to set itself apart from the main campaign. t-bone was a fun character to play as, and i'm looking forward to going back in seeing where his trek through chicago will take him. bad blood will be available for season pass holders on september 23, a full week earlier before it will be available for all on september 30 -- with the release of the wii u version coming sometime later. you are logged out. login | sign up

wərld ˈoʊvər 130 ˈʧɪldrən ɪn kɪld baɪ ˈtɛrərɪst ˈʃɛlɪŋ əˈtæks sɪns sɛpˈtɛmbər ˌteɪˈrɑn (fna*)- ˈʃɛlɪŋ əˈtæks ɔn ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈɛriəz baɪ ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts ɪn ðə ˈsɪriən ˈsɪti əv kɪld mɔr ðən 130 ˈʧɪldrən sɪns ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv sɛpˈtɛmbər, ə ˈmɛdɪkəl sɔrs sɛd ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ. "ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈʧɪldrən hu hæv bɪn kɪld sɪns sɛpˈtɛmbər ɪz ˈprɑbəˌbli mɔr ðən 130 bɪˈkəz ðɛr ər ˈklɪnɪks ənd ˈpraɪvət ˈhɑˌspɪtəlz ɔn ðə ˈaʊtˌskərts əv ðə ˈsɪti. ðə ˈɪnʤərd ənd kɪld ər ˈɔfən brɔt ðɛr ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈhɛvi ˈʃɛlɪŋ, soʊ wi ˈkænɑt kaʊnt ðɛm," ðə sɔrs ɪn ˈsɛntrəl ˈhɑˌspɪtəl sɛd, ˈrɔsiə ˌriˈpɔrtəd. ˌrɛʤɪˈstreɪʃən bʊks əv ðə tu ˈlɑrʤəst ˈhɑˌspɪtəlz ɪn ðə ˈsɪti ʃoʊ ðət ɔl ˈʧɪldrən daɪd frəm ʃˈræpnəl ənd ˈgənˌʃɑt wundz. ˈfaɪtɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈsɪti əv ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪˌfaɪd ˈæftər ˈnumərəs vaɪəˈleɪʃənz baɪ ˈmɪlətənt grups meɪd ðə ˌsɛˈseɪʃən əv hɑˈstɪlətiz ənˈriznəbəl ənd ðə ˈsɪriən ˈɑrmi dɪˈklɛrd ən ɛnd tɪ ðə ˈsisˈfaɪər ɔn sɛpˈtɛmbər 19 ˈbleɪmɪŋ ˈmɪlətənts fər ɪts ˈfeɪljər. ˈərliər ɪn ðə deɪ, ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts ʃɛld ə skul ɪn wən əv ˈdɪstrɪkts, ˈkɪlɪŋ ˈsɛvən ənd ˈɪnʤərɪŋ mɔr ðən 19 ˈʧɪldrən.

world over 130 children in aleppo killed by terrorist shelling attacks since september tehran (fna)- shelling attacks on residential areas by terrorists in the syrian city of aleppo killed more than 130 children since the beginning of september, a medical source said on thursday. "the number of children who have been killed since september is probably more than 130, because there are clinics and private hospitals on the outskirts of the city. the injured and killed are often brought there during heavy shelling, so we cannot count them," the source in aleppo's central hospital said, rossiya segodnya reported. registration books of the two largest hospitals in the city show that all children died from shrapnel and gunshot wounds. fighting in the city of aleppo intensified after numerous violations by militant groups made the cessation of hostilities unreasonable and the syrian army declared an end to the week-long ceasefire on september 19, blaming militants for its failure. earlier in the day, terrorists shelled a school in one of aleppo's districts, killing seven and injuring more than 19 children.

ˈmʊˌrhɛd, minn*. ən ˈɪnsədənt ˈmənˌdeɪ naɪt ðət ˈɛndɪd wɪθ ə bəˈmɪdʤi mæn biɪŋ ˈkɑrtɪd ɔf tɪ ʤeɪl ɔn səˈspɪʃən əv əˈtækɪŋ əˈnəðər mæn wɪθ ə məˈʧɛˌti ənd ə ˈbeɪsˈbɔl bæt ˈstɑrtɪd wɪθ ə dɪˈspjut ˈoʊvər ən ˈiˌbeɪ fi, ˈprɑsɪˌkjutərz əˈlɛʤd ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ. ðə səˈspɛktɪd əˈtækər, ˈmaɪkəl ˈkoʊlmən braʊn, 44 wɑz ˈəpˌsɛt ˈoʊvər ðə rɪˈzəlts əv ə seɪl ɔn ˈiˌbeɪ əv əˈbaʊt 90 ˈzɪpoʊ ˈlaɪtərz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ kɔrt ˈdɑkjəmənts. ðə ˈvɪktɪm soʊld ðə ˈlaɪtərz ɔn ðə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ɔn bɪˈhæf, ˈgɪtɪŋ əˈbaʊt 900 fər ðɛm. ðə ˈvɪktɪm toʊld pəˈlis braʊn wɑz ənˈhæpi ðət ˈiˌbeɪ ʧɑrʤd ə 106 fi. ɛz braʊn wɑz ˈdraɪvɪŋ ðə ˈvɪktɪm əraʊnd ˈmənˌdeɪ ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ən ˈeɪˌtiˈɛm ˈæftər ðə ˈvɪktɪm ˈɔfərd tɪ peɪ ɪm hæf ðə ˈməni, hi bɪˈkeɪm mɔr ənd mɔr ˈæʤəˌteɪtəd, ðə ˈvɪktɪm toʊld pəˈlis. braʊn ˈsədənli stɑpt ðə kɑr æt ðə ɪn ðə 800 blɑk əv meɪn ˈævəˌnu ənd ʧeɪst ðə ˈvɪktɪm aʊt əv ðə kɑr wɪθ ə məˈʧɛˌti ənd ˈbeɪsˈbɔl bæt, ðə ˈvɪktɪm toʊld pəˈlis. ðət wɑz wɛr pəˈlis, hu wər dɪˈspæʧt tɪ ə dɪˈstərbəns kɔl ɪn ðə ˈɛriə, faʊnd braʊn, hu əˈpɪrd tɪ bi ““upset,”*,” əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ kɔrt ˈdɑkjəmənts. hi hæd ə ˈhæmər ɪn wən hænd ənd ə məˈʧɛˌti ɪn ðə ˈəðər. ə ˈmʊˌrhɛd ˈɔfɪsər toʊld braʊn tɪ drɔp ðə məˈʧɛˌti ənd ˈhæmər. braʊn, hu wɑz ˈpeɪsɪŋ bæk ənd fɔrθ ɪn ən ““aggressive”*” ˈmænər, riˈmuvd hɪz ʃərt, θru ɪt ɔn ðə graʊnd ənd ədˈvænst ɔn ðə ˈɔfɪsər, hu hæd hɪz ˈhændˌgən drɔn, kɔrt ˈdɑkjəmənts seɪ. braʊn ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli kəmˈplaɪd wɪθ ˈɔrdərz tɪ gɪt ɔn ðə graʊnd, ənd ˈɔfɪsərz ˈɪntərvˌjud ðə ˈnɪrˈbaɪ ˈvɪktɪm. ðə ˈvɪktɪm toʊld pəˈlis hi traɪd tɪ bæk əˈweɪ frəm braʊn bət lɔst ˈkɑnʃəsnəs. hi sɛd hi bɪˈlivd braʊn hæd hɪt ɪm wɪθ ðə ˈbeɪsˈbɔl bæt. ðə ˈvɪktɪm hæd ə skreɪp əˈkrɔs hɪz nɛk ðət noʊ ˈlɔŋgər wɑz ˈblidɪŋ ənd wɪʧ əˈpɪrd kənˈsɪstənt wɪθ ə məˈʧɛˌti ˈɪnʤəri, kɔrt ˈdɑkjəmənts seɪ. hi ˈriˌkɔl biɪŋ strək wɪθ ðə məˈʧɛˌti, ənd ʃoʊd saɪnz əv ˌɪnˌtɑksəˈkeɪʃən, kɔrt ˈdɑkjəmənts seɪ. ə bæt wɑz faʊnd ˈdʊrɪŋ ə sərʧ əv kɑr, kɔrt ˈdɑkjəmənts seɪ. braʊn wɑz ʧɑrʤd wɪθ tu kaʊnts əv əˈsɔlt wɪθ ə ˈdeɪnʤərəs ˈwɛpən, boʊθ ˈfɛləniz. beɪl wɑz sɛt æt wɪθ kənˈdɪʃənz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ noʊ ˈkɑnˌtækt wɪθ ðə ˈvɪktɪm, ər wɪˈθaʊt kənˈdɪʃənz. hɪz nɛkst kɔrt əˈpɪrəns ɪz sɛt fər sɛpt. 8

moorhead, minn. — an incident monday night that ended with a bemidji man being carted off to jail on suspicion of attacking another man with a machete and a baseball bat started with a dispute over an ebay fee, prosecutors alleged wednesday. the suspected attacker, michael coleman brown, 44, was upset over the results of a sale on ebay of about 90 zippo lighters, according to court documents. the victim sold the lighters on the website on brown’s behalf, getting about $900 for them. the victim told police brown was unhappy that ebay charged a $106 fee. as brown was driving the victim around monday looking for an atm after the victim offered to pay him half the money, he became more and more agitated, the victim told police. brown suddenly stopped the car at the walgreens in the 800 block of main avenue and chased the victim out of the car with a machete and baseball bat, the victim told police. that was where police, who were dispatched to a disturbance call in the area, found brown, who appeared to be “upset,” according to court documents. he had a hammer in one hand and a machete in the other. a moorhead officer told brown to drop the machete and hammer. brown, who was pacing back and forth in an “aggressive” manner, removed his shirt, threw it on the ground and advanced on the officer, who had his handgun drawn, court documents say. brown eventually complied with orders to get on the ground, and officers interviewed the nearby victim. the victim told police he tried to back away from brown but lost consciousness. he said he believed brown had hit him with the baseball bat. the victim had a scrape across his neck that no longer was bleeding and which appeared consistent with a machete injury, court documents say. he didn’t recall being struck with the machete, and showed signs of intoxication, court documents say. a bat was found during a search of brown’s car, court documents say. brown was charged with two counts of second-degree assault with a dangerous weapon, both felonies. brown’s bail was set at $50,000 with conditions including no contact with the victim, or $100,000 without conditions. his next court appearance is set for sept. 8.

ˈloʊkəl spɔrts ənd ˈəðər ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ ɪz ˈgɪtɪŋ kət æt ˈsɛvərəl ˈsteɪʃənz əˈkrɔs ɑr ˈprɑvɪns, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ hir ɪn ˈkɪʧənər. ɪt wɑz əˈnaʊnst ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ ðət ðɛr wɪl bi leɪɔfs ɪn ˈkɪʧənər, ˈləndən ənd ˈwɪnzər. ˈmidiə dɪˈrɛktər haʊərd lɔ sɪz ˈloʊkəli, 3 ˈfʊlˌtaɪm ənd 5 ˈpɑrtˈtaɪm ʤɑbz wɪl bi kət æt ðə ˈkɪʧənər ˈsteɪʃən. ər ə ˈtoʊtəl əv 8 leɪɔfs, wɪʧ ɪz 10 pər sɛnt əv ðə ˈwərkˌfɔrs, æt ðə ˈkɪʧənər ˈsteɪʃən. θri əv ðoʊz leɪɔfs ər ɪn spɔrts, ɛz ˈkətɪŋ ðə ˈloʊkəl spɔrts programming,”*,” sɛd lɔ. ɪn ə riˈlis, ðə ˈjunjən ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪŋ sɪz ðɛr ər mɔr kəts ɪkˈspɛktɪd æt ˈsteɪʃənz əˈkrɔs ˈkænədə. ðeɪ seɪ ðeɪ wɪl mit wɪθ ðə ˈsteɪʃənz tɪ dɪˈskəs ðiz leɪɔfs, ənd wɪl wərk tɪ nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪt ðə bɛst dil fər ðə ˈwərkərz ˌɪmˈpæktɪd baɪ ðə kəts. ˈminˌtaɪm, ˈmæθju ˈgɛroʊ wɪθ bɛl ˈmidiə həz riˈlist ðɪs ˈkɑmɛnt: hæv rɪˈdust ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈbrɔdˌkæst pəˈzɪʃənz æt bɛl ˈmidiə ˈloʊkəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈsteɪʃənz ɪn ˈkɪʧənər, ˈwɪnzər, ənd ˈləndən ɛz pɑrt əv ə ˈlɑrʤər riˈstrəkʧərɪŋ æt bɛl ˈmidiə. ðə riˈstrəkʧərɪŋ ɪz ə rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðə ˈʧælənʤɪz wi ənd ˈəðər kəˈneɪdiən ˈmidiə ˈkəmpəˌniz ər ˈfeɪsɪŋ ɔn ˈməltəpəl frənts: ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ˈbrɔdˌkæst tɛkˈnɑləʤiz ənd groʊɪŋ ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən, ə təf ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ ˈmɑrkɪt ənd ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈrɛgjələˌtɔri pressure.”*.” fər mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ənd tɪ saɪn ə pəˈtɪʃən tɪ hɛlp seɪv ˈloʊkəl nuz ənd ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ, klɪk hir.

local sports and other programming is getting cut at several ctv stations across our province, including here in kitchener. it was announced on tuesday that there will be layoffs in kitchener, london and windsor. unifor media director howard law says locally, 3 full-time and 5 part-time jobs will be cut at the kitchener ctv station. “there are a total of 8 layoffs, which is 10 per cent of the workforce, at the kitchener ctv station. three of those layoffs are in sports, as they’re cutting the local sports programming,” said law. in a release, the union representing ctv says there are more cuts expected at stations across canada. they say they will meet with the stations to discuss these layoffs, and will work to negotiate the best deal for the workers impacted by the cuts. meantime, matthew garrow with bell media has released this comment: “we have reduced a number of broadcast positions at bell media local tv stations in kitchener, windsor, and london as part of a larger restructuring at bell media. the restructuring is a response to the challenges we and other canadian media companies are facing on multiple fronts: changing broadcast technologies and growing international competition, a tough advertising market and ongoing regulatory pressure.” for more information and to sign a petition to help save local news and programming, click here.

0 əv 5 wɪθ ðə 2011 vərˈʤɪnjə tɛk' ˈfʊtˌbɔl ˈsizən ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ə kloʊz wɪθ ðə ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪŋ lɔs tɪ ðə ˈmɪʃɪgən ɪn ðə ˈʃʊgər boʊl, fænz ˈɔlsoʊ hæv tɪ feɪs ðə ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt əv seɪɪŋ ˈgʊdˌbaɪ tɪ ə ˈnəmbər əv ki pleɪərz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðæts ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈfʊtˌbɔl fər ju, ənd gʊd ˈproʊˌgræmz laɪk vərˈʤɪnjə tɛk ər ˈɔlˌweɪz wɪθ nu ˈtælənt. ðə ər ˈkərəntli ɪn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv ˈrilɪŋ ɪn ðə noʊ. 20 rɪˈkrutɪŋ klæs ɪn ðə ˈkəntri. pleɪərz laɪk ˈdæni koʊl, ˈʤɛrət ˈbɔɪkɪn, ˈdeɪvɪd ˈwɪlsən ənd ˈhɑsli wɪl bi hɑrd tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs, bət ðɛr ər gaɪz hu ər ˈrɛdi ənd ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ teɪk ðə ˈʧælənʤ. hir ər faɪv əv ðə' 2012 rɪˈkruts ðət ju ʃʊd bi moʊst ɪkˈsaɪtɪd əˈbaʊt, ˈlɪstɪd wɪθ ðə vərˈʤɪnjə tɛk pleɪərz ðeɪ ər sɛt tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs.

0 of 5 with the 2011 virginia tech hokies' football season coming to a close with the disappointing loss to the michigan wolverines in the sugar bowl, hokie fans also have to face the disappointment of saying good-bye to a number of key players. however, that's college football for you, and good programs like virginia tech are always reloading with new talent. the hokies are currently in the process of reeling in the no. 20 recruiting class in the country. players like danny coale, jarrett boykin, david wilson and jayron hosley will be hard to replace, but there are guys who are ready and willing to take the challenge. here are five of the hokies' 2012 recruits that you should be most excited about, listed with the virginia tech players they are set to replace.

ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd: nɑt ʤɪst ˈɛnibədi kən ʃoʊ əp tɪ ˈʃəvəl aʊt ðə rɛd laɪn. ðə ɪz ˈwərkɪŋ wɪθ ˈloʊkəl ˈjunjənz tɪ gɪt lɑts əv ˈpipəl ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ ˈʃəvəl aʊt ðə ˈbreɪnˌtri brænʧ əv ðə rɛd laɪn təˈmɑˌroʊ. ðə ti ˈkɑnˌtækt ðə ˈbɔstən ˈbɪldɪŋ treɪdz ənd ðə seiu*, hu ɪn tərn æst ˈmɛmbərz wɪθ ˈʃəvəlz tɪ ʃoʊ əp təˈmɑˌroʊ æt ðə ˈbeɪˌsaɪd ˈɛkspoʊ ˈsɛnər fər ə 7 a.m*. tɪ 4 p.m*. ʃɪft ˈdɪgɪŋ aʊt ðə træks, wɪʧ hæv nɑt bɪn juzd tɪ ˈkɛri ˈpæsənʤərz sɪns ðə læst stɔrm. ðɛl bi peɪd 30 ən aʊər. ə ti ˈspoʊksmən sɪz ðə muv ɪz pɑrt əv "ən ɔl aʊt snoʊ rɪˈmuvəl əˈfɛnsɪv ɔn ðə ˈbreɪnˌtri brænʧ təˈmɑˌroʊ." hi ædz ðət ðə rɛd krɔs həz əˈgrid tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˈkɔfi, ˈwɔtər ənd fud tɪ ðə snoʊ ˈfaɪtərz.

updated: not just anybody can show up to shovel out the red line. the mbta is working with local unions to get lots of people working to shovel out the braintree branch of the red line tomorrow. the t contact the boston building trades and the seiu, who in turn asked members with shovels to show up tomorrow at the bayside expo center for a 7 a.m. to 4 p.m. shift digging out the tracks, which have not been used to carry passengers since the last storm. they'll be paid $30 an hour. a t spokesman says the move is part of "an all out snow removal offensive on the braintree branch tomorrow." he adds that the red cross has agreed to provide coffee, water and food to the snow fighters.

ˈɑrʧˈbɪʃəp ˈwɪltən di. ˈgrɛgəri, fɪθ frəm raɪt, ənd ˌmɛtrəˈpɑlətən, fɔrθ frəm raɪt, ðə əv æˈtlæntəz grik ˈɔrθəˌdɑks ʧərʧ, spoʊk dɛk. 17 2013 æt ðə ˌɛkjuˈmɛnɪkəl ˈgæðərɪŋ hɛld twaɪs ə jɪr ɪn ðə æˈtlæntə ˈɑrʧˈdaɪəsəs. ðə nɛkst ˈgæðərɪŋ wɪl bi meɪ 20 æˈtlæntə ˌɛkjuˈmɛnɪkəl ˈgæðərɪŋ kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ groʊ baɪ ˈfɑðər pɔl ə. bərk, ˈspɛʃəl tɪ ðə ˈbʊlɪtən ˈpəblɪʃt ˈfɛbruˌɛri 6 2014 ˈfeɪsˌbʊk tˈwɪtər nɛkst ˈgæðərɪŋ ˈtuzˌdeɪ, meɪ 20 æt 7 p.m*. kəˈθidrəl əv kraɪst ðə kɪŋ, æˈtlæntə ə rɪˈsɛpʃən wɪl ˈfɑloʊ. ðə ˈgæðərɪŋ wɪl kəˈmɛmərˌeɪt ðə ˌænəˈvərsəri əv ðə hɪˈstɔrɪk ɪnˈkaʊnər bɪtˈwin poʊp pɔl vi ənd ˈpeɪtriˌɑrk aɪ ɪn ʤərˈusələm ɪn 1964 dɛk. 17 2013 ðə grik ˈɔrθəˌdɑks kəˈθidrəl əv ðə ɪn æˈtlæntə ˈhoʊstɪd ðə ˌɛkjuˈmɛnɪkəl ˈgæðərɪŋ. ðɪs θim wɑz ðə nəˈtɪvəti əv kraɪst ɪn ə wərld ɪn nid əv feɪθ, hoʊp ənd ləv. ðə ˈædˌvɛnt ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃən wɑz ðə ˈlɑrʤəst sɪns ɪts ˌɪnˈsɛpʃən ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə jɪr əv st*. pɔl ɪn ðə kəˈθidrəl prəˈvaɪdɪd ə mægˈnɪfɪsənt ˈsɛtɪŋ fər ə ˈprɛrfəl ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃən əv ˈridɪŋz, rɪˈflɛkʃən ənd hymnody*. ðə mˈjuzɪk rɪˈflɛktɪd ðə trəˈdɪʃənz əv boʊθ ist ənd wɛst: grəˈgɔriən ʧænt ənd ˈlætən baɪ ðə ˈhoʊli ˈspɪrɪt ʧərʧ kwaɪər, trəˈdɪʃənəl grik hɪmz baɪ ðə kəˈθidrəl, trəˈdɪʃənəl ˈrəʃən ʧænt ənd ˈmɑdərn hɪmz baɪ ðə kwaɪər ənd əv st*. ʤɑn ðə ˈɔrθəˌdɑks ʧərʧ, ənd trəˈdɪʃənəl roʊˈmeɪniən ˈkɛrəlz baɪ ðə kəmˈbaɪnd kwaɪrz ənd əv st*. ˈmɛri roʊˈmeɪniən, st*. ˈmɛri əv ˈiʤɪpt oca*, ənd seɪnts ˈkɑnstənˌtin ənd ˈhɛlən roʊˈmeɪniən ʧərʧ. ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈɔrdərz əv ˈmɔltə, ðə ˈhoʊli sepulchre*, ənd st*. ˈlæzərəs, ɛz wɛl ɛz əv ðə ˌɛkjuˈmɛnɪkəl ˈpeɪtriˌɑrkət, ˈprɑsɛst wɪθ ˈklərʤi frəm boʊθ ˈʧərʧɪz. ˈɑrʧˈbɪʃəp ˈwɪltən di. ˈgrɛgəri ənd ˌmɛtrəˈpɑlətən, ðə əv grik ˈɔrθəˌdɑks ʧərʧ, rɪˈflɛktɪd ɔn ðə nəˈtɪvəti ənd ɪts sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns ɪn soʊˈsaɪɪti. ˈɑrʧˈbɪʃəp ˈgrɛgəri ɪn hɪz ˈhɑməli ˈɛmfəˌsaɪzd ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv trəst ɪn ˈfɑstərɪŋ riˈleɪʃənz bɪtˈwin ðə ˈkæθlɪk ənd ˈɔrθəˌdɑks ˈʧərʧɪz. preɪ təˈgɛðər ɛz ˈɔrθəˌdɑks ənd ˈkæθlɪks hu lɔŋ fər ə ˈsɪŋgəl ʧərʧ ðət wɪl əˈgɛn ˈfʊli ˈjuˌnaɪt ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ðət frəˈtərnəl bɑnd ðət wəns əˈlaʊd ˈjuˈɛs tɪ bi bɑnd ðət wɑz ˈsɛvərd baɪ ðə sɪn əv dɪsəˈgrimənt, ðə sɪn əv praɪd ənd ðə sɪn əv arrogance,”*,” hi sɛd. ðɪs ˈivnɪŋ ʃʊd hir ðə ˌænˈʤɛlɪk vɔɪs ˈərʤɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs: du nɑt bi əˈfreɪd əv ˌkɑnstæntəˈnoʊpəl, ənd æt ðət ˈvɛri seɪm ˈmoʊmənt ˌkɑnstæntəˈnoʊpəl ʃʊd ˈɔlsoʊ hir ðət aɪˈdɛntɪkəl ˈhɛvənli ˌædməˈnɪʃən: du nɑt bi əˈfreɪd əv rome.”*.” ˌmɛtrəˈpɑlətən bɪˈgæn hɪz ˈhɑməli baɪ ɪkˈsprɛsɪŋ hɪz kənˈdoʊlənsəz tɪ ˈɑrʧˈbɪʃəp ˈgrɛgəri ɔn ðə ˈrisənt dɛθ əv hɪz ˈməðər, ˈɛθəl. hi θæŋkt gɑd fər ðə ˈsækrəˌfaɪs ðət ˈɛθəl meɪd ɪn ˈgɪvɪŋ hər sən tɪ ðə ˈsərvɪs əv ðə ʧərʧ. ˌmɛtrəˈpɑlətən ðɛn lɛd ðə eternal”*” ʧænt ɪn boʊθ grik ənd ˈɪŋlɪʃ. ðə ˈmɛməri ˌɪnˈvoʊkt ɪn ðə prɛr ɪz ðət əv gɑd, ˈrəðər ðən ðə ˈlɪvɪŋ, ənd ɪz ɪn ˈɛsəns ə prɛr ðət ðə soʊl həz ˈɛnərd ˈhɛvən ənd ˌɛnˈʤɔɪz ɪˈtərnəl laɪf. hi kənˈtɪnjud wɪθ ə rɪˈflɛkʃən ɔn ðə ˌriˈæləˌti əv sɪn ənd ɪts ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz ɪn ɑr wərld. ˌmɛtrəˈpɑlətən ˈʧælənʤd ɔl ˈprɛzənt nɑt tɪ bi əˈfreɪd tɪ ɪmˈbreɪs ləv ənd sælˈveɪʃən, tɪ ˈoʊvərˌkəm tɛmˈteɪʃən ənd sɪn, ənd tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ðə ˌɪnˈkɑrˈneɪʃən. hi ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ðə tæsk əv ˈfɑloʊərz əv kraɪst ɪz tɪ bi ˈfeɪθfəl ənd tɪ kæst əˈweɪ ɔl fɪr. boʊθ preɪd ˈfərvəntli ðət ðə ˈsɪstər ˈʧərʧɪz wɪl ˌriuˈnaɪt ənd təˈgɛðər əˈproʊʧ ðə ˈɔltər. ðɪs jɪr ɪz sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ɪn riˈleɪʃənz. ɪt mɑrks ðə ˌænəˈvərsəri əv ðə hɪˈstɔrɪk ˈmitɪŋ əv poʊp pɔl vi ənd ˈpeɪtriˌɑrk aɪ əv ˌkɑnstæntəˈnoʊpəl ɔn ðə maʊnt əv ˈɑlɪvz. ɪn meɪ, poʊp ˈfrænsɪs wɪl ˈtrævəl tɪ ðə ˈhoʊli lænd, wɛr hi wɪl bi ʤɔɪnd baɪ ˈpeɪtriˌɑrk bɑrˈθɑləmˌju tɪ kəˈmɛmərˌeɪt ðə ˈpɪlgrəmɪʤ əv ðɛr ˈprɛdəˌsɛsərz. sɪns ðə hɪˈstɔrɪk ˈmitɪŋ bɪtˈwin pɔl vi ənd aɪ, məʧ ˈprɑˌgrɛs həz bɪn meɪd ɪn riˈleɪʃənz. ðə ˌɛkjuˈmɛnɪkəl ˈgæðərɪŋz ɪn æˈtlæntə ər ɪkˈsprɛʃənz əv ðə ˈkɑmən dɪˈzaɪər fər ðə ˈjunɪti əv ðə ˈʧərʧɪz.

archbishop wilton d. gregory, fifth from right, and metropolitan alexios, fourth from right, the hierarch of atlanta's greek orthodox church, spoke dec. 17, 2013, at the catholic-orthodox ecumenical gathering held twice a year in the atlanta archdiocese. the next gathering will be may 20. atlanta catholic-orthodox ecumenical gathering continues to grow by father paul a. burke, special to the bulletin | published february 6, 2014 facebook twitter next gathering tuesday, may 20, at 7 p.m. cathedral of christ the king, atlanta a reception will follow. the gathering will commemorate the anniversary of the historic encounter between pope paul vi and patriarch athenagoras i in jerusalem in 1964. atlanta—on dec. 17, 2013, the greek orthodox cathedral of the annunciation in atlanta hosted the semi-annual catholic-orthodox ecumenical gathering. this gathering’s theme was the nativity of christ in a world in need of faith, hope and love. the advent celebration was the largest since its inception during the year of st. paul in 2008-2009. the annunciation cathedral provided a magnificent setting for a prayerful celebration of readings, reflection and hymnody. the music reflected the traditions of both east and west: gregorian chant and latin motets by the holy spirit church choir, traditional greek hymns by the annunciation cathedral chanters, traditional russian chant and modern hymns by the choir and chanters of st. john the wonderworker orthodox church, and traditional romanian carols by the combined choirs and chanters of st. mary romanian, st. mary of egypt oca, and saints constantine and helen romanian church. members of the orders of malta, the holy sepulchre, and st. lazarus, as well as archons of the ecumenical patriarchate, processed with clergy from both churches. archbishop wilton d. gregory and metropolitan alexios, the hierarch of atlanta’s greek orthodox church, reflected on the nativity and its significance in today’s society. archbishop gregory in his homily emphasized the importance of trust in fostering relations between the catholic and orthodox churches. “we pray together as orthodox and catholics who long for a single church that will again fully unite us in that fraternal bond that once allowed us to be one—a bond that was severed by the sin of disagreement, the sin of pride and the sin of arrogance,” he said. “rome this evening should hear the angelic voice urging us: do not be afraid of constantinople, and at that very same moment constantinople should also hear that identical heavenly admonition: do not be afraid of rome.” metropolitan alexios began his homily by expressing his condolences to archbishop gregory on the recent death of his mother, ethel. he thanked god for the sacrifice that ethel made in giving her son to the service of the church. metropolitan alexios then led the “memory eternal” chant in both greek and english. the memory invoked in the prayer is that of god, rather than the living, and is in essence a prayer that the soul has entered heaven and enjoys eternal life. he continued with a reflection on the reality of sin and its consequences in our world. metropolitan alexios challenged all present not to be afraid to embrace god’s love and salvation, to overcome temptation and sin, and to focus on the lord’s incarnation. he noted that the task of followers of christ is to be faithful and to cast away all fear. both hierarchs prayed fervently that the sister churches will reunite and together approach the altar. this year is significant in catholic-orthodox relations. it marks the 50th anniversary of the historic meeting of pope paul vi and patriarch athenagoras i of constantinople on the mount of olives. in may, pope francis will travel to the holy land, where he will be joined by patriarch bartholomew to commemorate the pilgrimage of their predecessors. since the historic meeting between paul vi and athenagoras i, much progress has been made in catholic-orthodox relations. the ecumenical gatherings in atlanta are expressions of the common desire for the unity of the churches.

ˈmidiə ˈpleɪˌbæk ɪz nɑt səˈpɔrtɪd ɔn ðɪs dɪˈvaɪs ˈdeɪviz ɔn kɔl ˈboʊltən ˈskɪpər ˈkɛvɪn ˈdeɪviz sɪz tɑm bɛrz ɪm noʊ grəʤ ˈæftər ə ˈtækəl ðət simd tɪ hæv ˈbædli ˈɪnʤərd ðə ˈmænˌʧɛstər juˈnaɪtɪd pleɪər. lɛft ðə fild wɪθ ə səˈspɛktɪd ˈbroʊkən fʊt ˈæftər biɪŋ ˈtækəld baɪ ˈdeɪviz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə wɪn fər juˈnaɪtɪd ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ. ənd ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə ˈɪnʤəri həz sɪns bɪn ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊst ɛz ˈlɪgəmənt ˈdæmɪʤ, ˈdeɪviz sɛd hi ˈkɑnˌtæktɪd ɪm aʊt əv ˈkərtəsi. "ɪt wɑz ə rɪˈspɛktfəl θɪŋ tɪ du fər ə ˈfɛloʊ prəˈfɛʃənəl," ˈdeɪviz sɛd. "ˈsəmˌwən ˈkɑnˌtæktɪd mi ənd toʊld mi hi hæd ə səˈspɛktɪd ˈfrækʧər," ˈdeɪviz toʊld ˌbibiˈsi spɔrt. "soʊ ʤɪst aʊt əv ˈkərtəsi, aɪ sɛnt ɪm ə lɔŋ tɛkst seɪɪŋ aɪv nɑt sin [ə riˈpleɪ əv] ðə ˈtækəl ənd ˈhoʊpɪŋ ɪt wɑz ˈnəθɪŋ tu ˈsɪriəs. "wɪn aɪ hərd ɪt wɑz ə səˈspɛktɪd breɪk aɪ wɑz ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪnli ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd. wi ɪkˈspɛktɪd [ðə ˈɪnʤəri nuz], ɪt wɑz ə bæd ˈtækəl sər ˈæləks ˈfərgəsən "hi ræŋ mi bæk wɪˈθɪn ˈmɪnəts ənd sɛd 'doʊnt ˈwəri əˈbaʊt ɪt, aɪv sin ɪt bæk, ɪt wɑz ʤɪst ən ənˈfɔrʧənət ˈkəmɪŋ təˈgɛðər' ənd aɪ hæd ə gʊd ʧæt wɪθ ɪm. aɪ wɪʃt ɪm lək ənd fər mi ɪts ˈfɪnɪʃt." ˈdeɪviz' waɪf hæd ˈərliər rɪˈvild ɔn tˈwɪtər ðət ðə pɛr hæd ˈspoʊkən, ənd ðə ˈboʊltən ˈfɔrwərd ˈleɪtər sɛd ðə kɔl ˈɔlsoʊ klɪrd əp ˈkɑmɛnts ˈpoʊstɪd ɔn ə feɪk tɑm ˈfeɪsˌbʊk saɪt, wɪʧ kleɪmd ðə wɑz ˈæŋgri ˈæftər ðə mæʧ. "aɪ wɑz toʊld hi pʊt ˈsəmθɪŋ ɔn hɪz əˈkaʊnt seɪɪŋ aɪ ˈdɪdənt ˈɔfər ən əˈpɑləˌʤi ˈæftər ðə geɪm bət aɪ ˈdɪdənt noʊ [əˈbaʊt ðə ˈɪnʤəri]," ˈdeɪviz ˈædɪd. "ɪt wɑz ə feɪk əˈkaʊnt ˈɛniˌweɪ, soʊ ðæts waɪ hi ræŋ mi bæk tɪ seɪ ðət. hi ˈwəzənt seɪɪŋ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ bæd əˈbaʊt mi, wɪʧ wɑz gʊd əv ɪm." ðə ˈɪnʤəri wɪl kip aʊt fər fɔr wiks ənd minz hi wɪl mɪs ˈɪŋgləndz ˈjʊrə 2012 kˈwɑləˌfaɪər əˈgɛnst ˌmɑntəˈneɪgroʊ ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ kləb ˈmæʧɪz. "ɪt wɑz ənˈfɔrʧənət," juˈnaɪtɪd bɔs sər ˈæləks ˈfərgəsən toʊld ˌbibiˈsi spɔrt əv ðə nuz. "wi ɪkˈspɛktɪd ɪt. ɪt wɑz ə bæd ˈtækəl." ˈdeɪviz wɑz nɑt ˈkɔʃənd fər ðə ˈɪnsədənt bət ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftərwərdz pɪkt əp hɪz prɛˈmɪr lig ˈbʊkɪŋ fər ə ˈʧælənʤ ɔn pəˈtris evra*. "ðə ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən əm səˈpoʊzd tɪ hæv ɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ aɪv bɪˈkəm juzd tɪ," ˈdeɪviz sɛd. "aɪ pleɪ ðə geɪm ənd aɪ traɪ tɪ du ðə bɛst fər maɪ kləb bət aɪ ˈnɛvər ˌɪnˈtɛnʃənəli goʊ aʊt ənd hərt ˈɛnibədi. "ɪts ˈsəmθɪŋ aɪ wʊd ˈnɛvər du. ʃʊr, aɪ laɪk ðə ˈfɪzɪkəl saɪd əv ðə geɪm bət ɪts pɑrt əv ðə geɪm." həz meɪd ə neɪm fər hɪmˈsɛlf sɪns rɪˈtərnɪŋ tɪ juˈnaɪtɪd ðɪs ˈsəmər ˈfɑloʊɪŋ loʊn spɛlz æt ˈlɛstər, ˈwɔtfərd ənd wigan*. hi həz wən 16 kæps fər ˈɪŋgləndz tim ənd wɑz kɔld əp baɪ ˈfɑbioʊ kəˈpɛloʊ fər ðə ˈjʊrə 2012 kˈwɑləˌfaɪərz əˈgɛnst bəlˈgɛriə ənd weɪlz læst mənθ, bət ɪz jɛt tɪ meɪk hɪz ˈsinjər ˈɪŋglənd ˈdeɪbju. rɛd ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈfʊtˌbɔl nuz ɪn lɪv

media playback is not supported on this device davies on cleverley call bolton skipper kevin davies says tom cleverley bears him no grudge after a tackle that seemed to have badly injured the manchester united player. cleverley left the field with a suspected broken foot after being tackled by davies during the 5-0 win for united on saturday. and although the injury has since been diagnosed as ligament damage, davies said he contacted him out of courtesy. "it was a respectful thing to do for a fellow professional," davies said. "someone contacted me and told me he had a suspected fracture," davies told bbc sport. "so just out of courtesy, i sent him a long text saying i've not seen [a replay of] the tackle and hoping it was nothing too serious. "when i heard it was a suspected break i was genuinely disappointed. we expected [the injury news], it was a bad tackle sir alex ferguson "he rang me back within minutes and said 'don't worry about it, i've seen it back, it was just an unfortunate coming together' and i had a good chat with him. i wished him luck and for me it's finished." davies' wife had earlier revealed on twitter that the pair had spoken, and the 34-year-old bolton forward later said the call also cleared up comments posted on a fake tom cleverley facebook site, which claimed the was angry after the match. "i was told he put something on his account saying i didn't offer an apology after the game but i didn't know [about the injury]," davies added. "it was a fake account anyway, so that's why he rang me back to say that. he wasn't saying anything bad about me, which was good of him." the injury will keep cleverley out for four weeks and means he will miss england's euro 2012 qualifier against montenegro in october in addition to club matches. "it was unfortunate," united boss sir alex ferguson told bbc sport of the news. "we expected it. it was a bad tackle." davies was not cautioned for the incident but shortly afterwards picked up his 100th premier league booking for a challenge on patrice evra. "the reputation i'm supposed to have is something i've become used to," davies said. "i play the game and i try to do the best for my club but i never intentionally go out and hurt anybody. "it's something i would never do. sure, i like the physical side of the game but it's part of the game." cleverley has made a name for himself since returning to united this summer following loan spells at leicester, watford and wigan. he has won 16 caps for england's under-21 team and was called up by fabio capello for the euro 2012 qualifiers against bulgaria and wales last month, but is yet to make his senior england debut. read the latest football news in sportsday live

ˈrɑbərt mˈjulər, ðɛn dɪˈrɛktər əv ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈbjʊroʊ əv ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən, ˈtɛstɪˌfaɪz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈsɛnɪt ʤuˈdɪʃiˌɛri kəˈmɪti ɪn 2013 (sɔl ˈɪmɪʤɪz) ðə bɪg aɪˈdiə: ɪf ˈdɑnəld trəmp θɔt hi kʊd ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪt bɑb mˈjulər, hi θɔt rɔŋ. ə ˈpərsən hu spoʊk wɪθ trəmp ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ toʊld ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz ðət ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt wɑz plizd baɪ ðə ˌɪnˈtɛnʃənəl ˌæmbɪˈgjuəti əv hɪz pəˈzɪʃən ɔn ˈfaɪərrɪŋ ˈrɑbərt ɛs. mˈjulər ɛz ˈspɛʃəl ˈkaʊnsəl, θɪŋks ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv biɪŋ faɪərd wɪl ˈfoʊkɪs ðə ˈvɛtərən ˈprɑsɪˌkjutər ɔn dɪˈlɪvərɪŋ wət ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt dɪˈzaɪərz moʊst: ə ˈblæŋkɪt ˈpəblɪk exoneration.”*.” ɪf ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈtruli bɪˈlivz ðɪs, hi ˌfəndəˈmɛnəli ˌmɪsəndərˈstændz wət ˈmoʊtəˌveɪts ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər hu həz stʊd əp tɪ ˈpriviəs ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃənz ənd ˈnɛvər sweɪd ˈəndər pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈprɛʃər. mərˈinz kɔrz ˈvɛtərənz skɛr ˈizəli. mˈjulər, 72 ərnd ə ˈpərpəl hɑrt ənd ə brɑnz stɑr wɪθ ˈvælər fər hɪz ˈgæləntri ɪn viˌɛtˈnɑm ˌbiˈfɔr dɪˈvoʊtɪŋ moʊst əv ðə rɛst əv hɪz laɪf tɪ ˈpəblɪk ˈsərvɪs. trəmp, 71 əˈvɔɪdɪd ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈsərvɪs baɪ ˈkleɪmɪŋ ə ˈmɛdɪkəl dɪˈfərmənt fər spurs,”*,” ənd sɛd ðət hɪz vietnam”*” wɑz əˈvɔɪdɪŋ dɪˈzizɪz waɪl sˈlipɪŋ əraʊnd ɪn nu jɔrk. fil laɪk ə greɪt ənd ˈvɛri breɪv solider*," ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt wəns toʊld haʊərd stərn. then-rep*. maɪk pɛns (r-ind*.), əˈtərni flɔɪd ˈeɪbrəmz, mɪʧ məˈkɑnəl ənd əˈtərni ˈkɛnɪθ stɑr spik tɪ rɪˈpɔrtərz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə səˈprim kɔrt ˈæftər ˈɑrgjuɪŋ əˈgɛnst ðə ˌkɑnstɪˌtuʃəˈnælɪti əv ðə kæmˈpeɪn ˈfaɪˌnæns lɔ ɪn 2003 (ˈstɛfɑn zaklin/reuters*) ʤɪst ɛz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvəri ˈpriviəs ˈɛfərt æt ˈdæmɪʤ kənˈtroʊl həz meɪd ˈhɛˌdeɪks wərs, ˈkipɪŋ ðə dɔr ˈoʊpən tɪ ˈfaɪərrɪŋ mˈjulər ˈərliər ðɪs wik həz naʊ ˈbækˌfaɪərd. ki ˈfɪgjərz ɔn ˈkæpɪtəl hɪl ənd ɪn ðə kənˈsərvətɪv ˈligəl hæv naʊ gɔn ɔn ðə ˈrɛkərd tɪ wɔrn ðət ˈaʊstɪŋ ðə ˈspɛʃəl ˈkaʊnsəl wʊd ˈtrɪgər ə ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl ˈkraɪsəs. ðət wʊd meɪk ɪt məʧ ˈhɑrdər fər trəmp tɪ goʊ ðət rut daʊn ðə roʊd. mˈjulər wʊd bi ən ˌɪnˈsəlt tɪ ðə ˈfaʊndɪŋ fathers,”*,” ˈkɛnɪθ stɑr, ðə ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈkaʊnsəl ɪn ðə ˈwaɪtˌwɔtər ənd ˈmɑnɪkə ləˈwɪnski ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃənz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈklɪntən ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən, raɪts ɪn ən fər poʊst: tɪ ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv biɪŋ faɪərd fər cause,’*,’ mˈjulər ʃʊd bi əˈlaʊd tɪ du hɪz wərk ənˈhɪndərd ənd ˌənɪmˈpidɪd. ˈæbsənt ðə moʊst ɪkˈstrim ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz, ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt wʊd bi ˈsɪŋgjələrli tɪ θˈrɛtən, məʧ lɛs ˈɔrdər, ˈfaɪərrɪŋ. ˈəndər ˈligəli ˈbaɪndɪŋ ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz, ðə ˈspɛʃəl feɪt rɛsts ɪkˈsklusɪvli wɪθ ˈdɛpjəti əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl rɑd ʤeɪ. ˈroʊzənˌstin. hi əˈloʊn ɪz ɪmˈpaʊərd tɪ meɪk ðət ˈfeɪtfəl dɪˈsɪʒən. ɛz ə ˈmætər əv ˈɑnər, ənd ɪn laɪt əv hɪz swɔrn ˈtɛstɪˌmoʊni ˌbiˈfɔr ˈkɑŋgrəs, ˈroʊzənˌstin wʊd ˌɪˈnɛvətəbli rɪˈzaɪn ɪf kənˈfrəntɪd wɪθ ə waɪt haʊs dɪˈrɛktɪv tɪ dɪsˈmɪs ðə ˈspɛʃəl ˈkaʊnsəl. ˈwɪzdəm ˈkaʊnsəlz ˈstrɔŋli əˈgɛnst ənˈliʃɪŋ ə ˈvərʒən əv ðə ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ naɪt ˈmæsəkər əv infamy.”*.” ˈʤɛrɪd ˈkəʃnər əraɪvz æt ˈænˌdruz ɛr fɔrs beɪs læst wik ˈæftər ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ trəmp ɔn ə deɪ trɪp tɪ ˌsɪnsəˈnæti. (ˈændru harnik/ap*) ɔn ðə ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪv saɪd, mˈjulər ɪz ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪŋ ə ˈwɪlɪŋnəs tɪ pərˈsu ðə fækts wɛˈrɛvər ðeɪ lɛd rəˈgɑrdləs əv wət trəmp dɪz ər seɪ əˈbaʊt ˈfaɪərrɪŋ ɪm. ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən poʊst ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ðət ðə ˈspɛʃəl ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən naʊ ˌɪnˈkludz ən ɪgˌzæməˈneɪʃən əv ˈwɛðər ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt hɪmˈsɛlf əˈtɛmptəd tɪ əbˈstrəkt ˈʤəstɪs ə ˈmeɪʤər ˈtərnɪŋ pɔɪnt ɪn ðə ˈnɪrli ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən, wɪʧ ənˈtɪl ˈrisəntli ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ˈrəʃən ˈmɛdəlɪŋ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl kæmˈpeɪn ənd ɔn ˈwɛðər ðɛr wɑz ˈɛni koʊˌɔrdəˈneɪʃən bɪtˈwin ðə trəmp kæmˈpeɪn ənd ðə ˈkrɛmlɪn. ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə ˈməni: mˈjulər ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ðə ˈfaɪˌnænsɪz ənd ˈbɪznɪs ˈdilɪŋz əv ˈʤɛrɪd ˈkəʃnər, ˈsənɪnˌlɔ ənd ˈsinjər ædˈvaɪzər, ˈsɑri ˈhɔrwɪts, mæt ənd ˈædəm skupt læst naɪt. waɪt haʊs həz sɛd ˈmitɪŋ wɪθ [ˈsɛrʤi gorkov*, ðə hɛd əv ə ˈrəʃən dɪˈvɛləpmənt bæŋk] wɑz ə ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk ɪnˈkaʊnər, ˌənrɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ˈbɪznɪs ˈmætərz. ðə ˈrəʃən bæŋk, vəˌnɛʃəˈkɑnəmˌbæŋk, wɪʧ həz bɪn ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt əv juz. ˈsæŋkʃənz ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˌænɛkˈseɪʃən əv kraɪˈmiə, həz sɛd ðə ˈsɛʃən wɑz hɛld fər ˈbɪznɪs ˈrizənz bɪˈkəz əv roʊl ɛz hɛd əv hɪz ril ɛˈsteɪt ˈkəmpəˌni. ðə ˈmitɪŋ əˈkərd ɛz ˈkəmpəˌni wɑz ˈsikɪŋ fɪˈnænsɪŋ fər ɪts ˈtrəbəld ˈbɪljən ˈpərʧəs əv ən ˈɔfəs ˈbɪldɪŋ ɔn fɪθ ˈævəˌnu ɪn nu jɔrk, ənd ɪt kʊd reɪz kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt ˈwɛðər ˈpərsɪnəl ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈɪntərɪsts wər kəˈlaɪdɪŋ wɪθ hɪz ˌɪmˈpɛndɪŋ roʊl ɛz ə ˈpəblɪk official.”*.” əˈnəðər sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt dɪˈvɛləpmənt: ðə vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt, huz ˈbælənsɪŋ ækt ɛz ˈnəmbər tu ɪz ʃoʊɪŋ saɪnz əv streɪn əˈmɪd ðə waɪt haʊs ˈtərˌmɔɪl, həz ʤɪst haɪərd hɪz oʊn ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈlɔjər tɪ hɛlp ɪm dil wɪθ ðə ˈspɛʃəl ˈkaʊnsəl, ˈæʃli ˈpɑrkər skupt læst naɪt. maɪk pɛns wɑz wən əv ðə smɔl grup əv ˈsinjər ædˈvaɪzərz trəmp kənˈsəltɪd wɪθ ɛz hi məld ˈfaɪərrɪŋ ʤeɪmz ɛz ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər. ˈrɪʧərd ˈkələn, ðə ˈlɔjər pɛns haɪərd, ɪz ə proʊ. ðə ˈfɔrmər vərˈʤɪnjə əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl, hu lɪvz ɪn ˈrɪʧmənd, ɪz ˈʧɛrmən əv ðə ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl fərm mcguirewoods*. hi sərvd ɛz juz. əˈtərni fər ðə ˈistərn ˈdɪstrɪkt əv vərˈʤɪnjə ˈəndər ʤɔrʤ h.w*. bʊʃ ənd hɛlpt ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju. bʊʃ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə 2000 ˈflɔrɪdə ˌriˈkaʊnt. hi ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd tɑm dɪˈleɪ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ʤæk əˈfɛr. ɪn əˈnəðər saɪn əv ʤɪst haʊ ˈsɪriəsli ðə v.p*. ɪz ˈteɪkɪŋ proʊb, ən eɪd sɛd hi spɛnt ˈsɛvərəl wiks ɔn ðɪs ˈprɔˌsɛs ənd ˈɪntərvˌjud ˈsɛvərəl ˈkænədɪts ˌbiˈfɔr ˈsɛtəlɪŋ ɔn ˈkələn. pɛns ˈlɔjərɪŋ əp wɪl ˈlaɪkli hæv ə ˈdɑmɪˌnoʊ ˈifɛkt ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðə waɪt haʊs. ðə ˈpraɪvət əˈtərni, mɑrk i. kasowitz*, ɪz ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn prəˈtɛktɪŋ ðə ˈpərsɪnəl ˈligəl ˈɪntərɪsts əv trəmp. hi həz toʊld waɪt haʊs ˌpərsəˈnɛl ðət ðeɪ du nɑt nid tɪ haɪər ðɛr oʊn ˈlɔjərz. muv tɪ haɪər ən ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əˈtərni kʊd sɛt ɔf ə ˈskræmbəl əˈməŋ ˈəðər wɛst wɪŋ eɪdz ˈmɛni əv hum ər ɔˈrɛdi ˈbreɪsɪŋ fər səˈpinəz tɪ du ðə seɪm, ˈivɪn ɪf ˈoʊnli ɛz ə prəˈtɛktɪv measure,”*,” ˈæʃli noʊts. eɪdz ənd ˌvɑlənˈtɪrz ɔn trænˈzɪʃən tim wər ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈstrəktɪd ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ tɪ seɪv ˈɛni ˈrɛkərdz rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ˈpɛndɪŋ ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃənz ˈɪntu pəˈtɛnʃəl əˈtɛmpts baɪ ˈrəʃə ˈɪntərɪsts tɪ ˈɪnfluəns ðə 2016 election.”*.” trænˈzɪʃən ˈlɔjər ˈkɔˌri əv ən ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə fərm kɔld ˈsteɪtˌkræft, hu ˈpriviəsli wərkt ɔn mɪt 2012 kæmˈpeɪn, sɛnt ə ˈmɛˌmoʊ ˈtɛlɪŋ kæmˈpeɪn əˈfɪʃəlz tɪ prɪˈzərv ɔl ˈdɑkjəmənts rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈrəʃən ˌfɛdərˈeɪʃən, juˈkreɪn ənd ə ˈnəmbər əv kæmˈpeɪn ædˈvaɪzərz ənd əˈfɪʃəlz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ pɔl ˈmænəfɔrt, ˈkɑrtər peɪʤ, rɪk geɪts, ˈrɑʤər stoʊn ənd ˈmaɪkəl flɪn. ˈɔrdər tɪ əˈsɪst ðiz ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃənz, ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl trænˈzɪʃən tim ənd ɪts ˈkɑrənt ənd ˈfɔrmər ˌpərsəˈnɛl hæv ə riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðət, tɪ ðə ɪkˈstɛnt pəˈtɛnʃəli ˈrɛləvənt ˈdɑkjəmənts ɪgˈzɪst, ðeɪ ər ˈprɑpərli preserved,”*,” roʊt ɪn ðə ˈmɛˌmoʊ, wɪʧ wɑz əbˈteɪnd baɪ pəˈlɪtɪˌkoʊ. dæn koʊts, raɪt, ˈlɪsənz læst wik ɛz maɪk ˈrɑʤərz ɪz kˈwɛsʧənd ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈsɛnɪt ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəˈmɪti ˈhirɪŋ. (ˈsuzən walsh/ap*) dɪˈrɛktər əv ˈnæʃənəl ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ˈdænjəl koʊts, ˈminˌwaɪl, spɛnt mɔr ðən θri aʊərz ɪn ə kloʊzd ˈsɛʃən wɪθ ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəˈmɪti ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ. læst wik hi hæd dɪˈklaɪnd tɪ ˈænsər lawmakers’*’ kˈwɛsʧənz ɪn ən ˈoʊpən ˈsɛʃən əˈbaʊt hɪz ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz wɪθ trəmp rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə ˈrəʃə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən bət səˈʤɛstɪd bi mɔr ˈfɔrθˈkəmɪŋ ɪn ˈpraɪvət. koʊts ənd maɪk ˈrɑʤərz, ðə hɛd əv ðə ˈnæʃənəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈeɪʤənsi, hæv ˈɔlsoʊ əˈgrid tɪ bi ˈɪntərvˌjud baɪ mˈjulər ɛz ˈərli ɛz ðɪs wik. koʊts həz toʊld əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪts ðət trəmp æst ɪm ˈwɛðər hi kʊd ˌɪntərˈvin wɪθ tɪ gɪt ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ tɪ bæk ɔf ɪts ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn flɪn. trəmp ˈleɪtər ˈtɛləˌfoʊnd ɪm ənd ˈrɑʤərz tɪ ˈsɛpərətli æsk ðɛm tɪ ˈɪʃu ˈpəblɪk ˈsteɪtmənts dɪˈnaɪɪŋ ðət ðɛr wɑz ˈɛvədəns əv koʊˌɔrdəˈneɪʃən bɪtˈwin kæmˈpeɪn ənd ˈrəʃən əˈfɪʃəlz. koʊts ənd ˈrɑʤərz rɪfˈjuzd tɪ kəmˈplaɪ wɪθ ðə rɪkˈwɛsts, ðə poʊst həz ˌriˈpɔrtəd. ˈlidərz əv ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəˈmɪti ˈɔlsoʊ mɛt wɪθ mˈjulər tɪ ðɛr ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃənz. ðə ˈʧɛrmən ənd ˈræŋkɪŋ ˈmɛmbər sɛd ðət ðeɪ wɪl ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ˈrəʃən ˈmɛdəlɪŋ ənd ˈwɛðər ðɛr wɑz ˈɛni kəˈluʒən. ˈkrɪmənəl pis əv ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən wɪl bi ˈhændəld baɪ ðə ˈspɛʃəl counsel,”*,” sɛn. mɑrk ˈwɔrnər (d-va*.) toʊld ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn, ˈædɪŋ ðət ðeɪ wɪl tərn ˈoʊvər ˈɛni ˈrɛləvənt ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ðeɪ ənˈkəvər tɪ ˈɔfəs. mˈjulər ˈtɛstɪˌfaɪz ɪn ˈɪmɪʤɪz) təˈmɑˌroʊ ɪz ðə ˌænəˈvərsəri əv mˈjulər biɪŋ əˈpɔɪntɪd ˈspɛʃəl ˈkaʊnsəl. hi həz stɪl nɑt ˈivɪn ˌɪnˈstɔld ə kəmˈpjutər ˈnɛtˌwərk ɪn hɪz wərk speɪs æt ðə ˈpætrɪk ˈhɛnri ˈbɪldɪŋ, bət ðə taɪmz rɪˈpɔrts ðət ɪz ˈɛvədəns əv ə koʊˈɔrdəneɪtɪd strategy”*” baɪ trəmp tɪ traɪ dɪˈskrɛdətɪŋ hɪz wərk. ðə krəks əv ðə plæn ɪz tɪ goʊ ˈæftər səm əv hɪz ˈərli haɪərz hu hæv ˈdoʊˌneɪtɪd tɪ ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈkænədɪts ɪn ðə pæst. ˈændru ˈwaɪsmən, hu lɛd ðə frɔd ˈsɛkʃən əv ðə ˈʤəstɪs ˈkrɪmənəl dɪˈvɪʒən, sərvd ɛz ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ˈʤɛnərəl ˈkaʊnsəl wɪn mˈjulər wɑz ɪts dɪˈrɛktər ənd ˈpriviəsli lɛd ðə ˈɛnrɑn tæsk fɔrs. ɪn 2008 wɪn hi ɪn ˈpraɪvət ˈpræktɪs, hi ˈdoʊˌneɪtɪd tɪ ˈbɑrək kæmˈpeɪn. əˈnəðər ˈlɔjər ɔn ðə tim ˈdoʊˌneɪtɪd tɪ ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən ɪn 2016 ənd ə θərd həz ˈgɪvɪn ˈməni tɪ boʊθ ˈpɑrtiz bət mɔr tɪ ˈdɛməˌkræts ðən rɪˈpəblɪkənz. ðə ˈspɛʃəl ˈkaʊnsəl həz naʊ haɪərd 13 ˈlɔjərz, ənd ˈsɛvərəl mɔr ər ɪn ðə ˈpaɪˌplaɪn. bət waɪl mˈjulər bi kaʊd, ðə ˈprɑspɛkt əv ˈpərsɪnəl əˈtæks baɪ trəmp ˈælaɪz kʊd dɪˈtər səm əˈtərniz frəm ˈkəmɪŋ ˈɑnˌbɔrd. ˈfɔrmər ˈfɛdərəl ˈprɑsɪˌkjutər sɛd ˈmɪstər. mˈjulər wɑz ˈhaɪrɪŋ ˈprɑsɪˌkjutərz tɪ fɪl aʊt hɪz ˈɔfəs stæf, ənd həz bɪn ˌprɔˈspɛktɪŋ fər frəm ˈsɛvərəl ˈprɑmənənt juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts əˈtərni ˈɔfəsɪz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈsəðərn ˈdɪstrɪkt əv nu york,”*,” skɑt ʃeɪn ənd ˈʧɑrli ˈsævɪʤ rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ðə frənt peɪʤ. prəˈspɛktɪv haɪərz ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ ˈmɪstər. tim ər ˈwɑʧɪŋ ðoʊz hu hæv saɪnd əp kəm ˈəndər ˌɪnˈtɛns ˈskrutəni əv ðə sɔrt ðət ˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˈprɑsɪˌkjutərz ənd ˈkɔrpərət ˈlɔjərz ˈrɛrli ɪkˈspɪriəns fər ˈmɪstər. trəmp, ðə ˈtæktɪk əv traɪɪŋ tɪ dɪˈskrɛdət ˈɛniˌwən hu ˈpoʊzɪz ə ˈdeɪnʤər tɪ ɪm həz bɪˈkəm fəˈmɪljər. kæmˈpeɪnɪŋ fər ðə ˈprɛzɪdənsi waɪl biɪŋ sud fər frɔd ˈoʊvər trəmp ˌjunəˈvərsəti, hi əˈtækt ðə ʤəʤ ˈoʊvərˌsiɪŋ ðə keɪs ɛz baɪəst əˈgɛnst ɪm bɪˈkəz ðə ʤəʤ wɑz mexican-american.”*.” rɑd ˈroʊzənˌstin sɔrts θru noʊts ɛz hi ˈtɛstɪˌfaɪz ˌbiˈfɔr ə ˈsɛnɪt əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃənz ˈsəbkəˈmɪti ðɪs wik. (bɪl ˈwɔʃɪŋtən poʊst) ə bɪˈzɑr non-denial*: ˈdɛpjəti əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl rɑd ˈroʊzənˌstin ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪd ə lɔt əv bəz bət ˈlɪtəl ˈklɛrɪti leɪt læst naɪt wɪθ ə ˈkrɪptɪk ˈsteɪtmənt ˈərʤɪŋ əˈmɛrɪkənz tɪ caution”*” wɪn ɪˈvæljuˌeɪtɪŋ ˈstɔriz əˈtrɪbjətəd tɪ əˈnɑnəməs əˈfɪʃəlz. ðə fʊl ˈsteɪtmənt rɛd: ʃʊd ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ˈkɔʃən ˌbiˈfɔr əkˈsɛptɪŋ ɛz tru ˈɛni ˈstɔriz əˈtrɪbjətəd tɪ əˈnɑnəməs ‘‘officials,’*,’ ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli wɪn ðeɪ du nɑt aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ ðə ˈkəntri lɛt əˈloʊn ðə brænʧ əv ˈeɪʤənsi əv ˈgəvərnmənt wɪθ wɪʧ ðə əˈlɛʤd ˈsɔrsəz səˈpoʊzədli ər əˈfɪliˌeɪtɪd. əˈmɛrɪkənz ʃʊd bi ˈskɛptɪkəl əˈbaʊt əˈnɑnəməs ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz. ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈʤəstɪs həz ə lɔŋ ɪˈstæblɪʃt ˈpɑləsi tɪ ˈniðər kənˈfərm nɔr dɪˈnaɪ səʧ allegations.”*.” ˈroʊzənˌstin wʊd ˈsədənli meɪk ðət ˈkɑmɛnt, ər ˈɛni ˈkɑmɛnt, ˈæftər ˈhævɪŋ meɪd noʊ ˈkɑmɛnt tɪ ˈstɔri ˈæftər ˈstɔri əˈtrɪbjətəd tɪ əˈnɑnəməs ˈsɔrsəz, rɪˈmeɪnd ə mystery,”*,” frɛd ˈbɑrˌbæʃ raɪts. əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl ʤɛf ˈsɛʃənz həz rɪˈkjuzd hɪmˈsɛlf, ˈroʊzənˌstin ɪz ðə ˈʤəstɪs dɪˈpɑrtmənt əˈfɪʃəl dɪˈrɛkli riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ˈmætərz rɪˈleɪtɪŋ tɪ ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən əv ˈrəʃən interference.”*.” ə pəˈtɛnʃəli ki ˈwɪtnəs fər jʊr ˈreɪˌdɑr: ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ ˈʤɛnərəl ˈkaʊnsəl ʤeɪmz ə. ˈbeɪkər. əˈnəðər skup frəm ˈsɑri, mæt ənd ˈædəm: trəmp faɪərd, ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt sɛd ðət ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər hæd toʊld ɪm θri taɪmz ðət hi wɑz nɑt ˈəndər ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən. kənˈfərmd ðət ɪn hɪz ˈtɛstɪˌmoʊni ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəˈmɪti læst wik. ðə fərst taɪm hi toʊld trəmp wɑz ɪn hɪz fərst ˈmitɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˌɪˌnɔgjəˈreɪʃən, ɔn ʤæn. 6 ˌbiˈfɔr hi mɛt wɪθ trəmp, ˈgæðərd hɪz ˈlidərˌʃɪp tim æt ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ tɪ dɪˈskəs ˈwɛðər hi ʃʊd bi priˈpɛrd tɪ əˈʃʊr trəmp ðət ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ wɑz nɑt ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ɪm ˈpərsənəli. ˈtɛstɪˌfaɪd ðət nɑt ˈɛvriˌwən ɔn hɪz tim əˈgrid hi ʃʊd. dɪd nɑt neɪm ðə dɪˈsɛntər, bət ðə poʊst həz ˈlərnɪd ɪt wɑz ˈbeɪkər. ˈtɛstɪˌfaɪd ðət ðə ˈmɛmbər əv hɪz ˈlidərˌʃɪp tim sɛd ðət, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt wɑz tru æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt ðət trəmp wɑz nɑt ˈəndər ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən, ɪt wɑz ˈpɑsəbəl ðət kʊd change.”*.” ˈbeɪkər dɪˈklaɪnd tɪ ˈkɑmɛnt. trəmp sɪts ɪn ðə ist rum əv ðə waɪt haʊs. ˈwɔʃɪŋtən poʊst) ɛz trəmp ˈlæʃɪz aʊt ɔn tˈwɪtər æt wət ˈkɔlɪŋ ə hunt,”*,” hɪz waɪt haʊs prɛs ʃɑp həz əˈdɑptəd ə sɔrt əv ˈbəŋkər mɛnˈtælɪti ənd ˈænsərz fjuər kˈwɛsʧənz ðən ɪt juzd tɪ. frəm ˈæʃli ˈpɑrkər ənd ʤɑn ˈwægnər: ə ˈpriviəsli ˈskɛʤʊld ˈbrifɪŋ fər rɪˈpɔrtərz, ˈsɛrə ˈhəkəbi ˈsændərz, ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl ˈdɛpjəti waɪt haʊs prɛs ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri, wɑz ˈpɛpərd wɪθ mɔr ðən ə ˈdəzən kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃənz ˈoʊvər əˈbaʊt 20 ˈmɪnəts. ɪn ˈkipɪŋ wɪθ ə nu ˈpræktɪs, ʃi rɪˈfərd wən kˈwɛʃən ˈæftər əˈnəðər tɪ ˈpərsɪnəl ˈlɔjər. ˈsændərz, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, wɑz æst ˈwɛðər trəmp stɪl fɛlt ‘‘vindicated’*’ baɪ ðə ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈtɛstɪˌmoʊni læst wik baɪ bɪˈliv so,’*,’ ʃi sɛd, ˌbiˈfɔr rɪˈfərɪŋ rɪˈpɔrtərz tɪ kasowitz*. mɑrk ˌkɔˈræloʊ, ə ˈspoʊksmən fər (ðə ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈlɔjər), dɪd nɑt rɪˈspɑnd tɪ ən iˈmeɪl ənd foʊn kɔl ˈsikɪŋ ˈkɑmɛnt ɔn ðə kˈwɛsʧənz ˈsændərz rɪˈfərd tɪ him.”*.” waɪt haʊs eɪdz ər ˈpraɪvətli ˈfrɛtɪŋ tɪ wən əˈnəðər ˈoʊvər əbˈsɛʃən wɪθ ðə proʊb, ʤɑʃ ˈdɔsi rɪˈpɔrts:, fər mənθs, həz ˈbrɪsəld ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈdeɪli əˈbaʊt ðə ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ proʊbz. hi həz ˈsəmˌtaɪmz, wɪˈθaʊt ˈprɑmptɪŋ, ˌɪnˈʤɛktɪd nɑt ˈəndər investigation’*’ ˈɪntu ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz wɪθ əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪts ənd ˈælaɪz. hi həz wɔʧt aʊərz əv ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈkəvərɪʤ ˈɛvəri deɪ ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ˈivɪn ˈstɔrɪŋ ˈmɔrnɪŋ nuz ʃoʊz ɔn hɪz ˈtɪˌvoʊ tɪ wɔʧ ɪn ðə ˈivnɪŋ ənd kəmˈpleɪnd ˌnɑnˈstɑp. ˈbeɪsɪkli ɔl hi tɔks əˈbaʊt ɔn ðə phone,’*,’ sɛd wən ædˈvaɪzər. eɪdz hæv traɪd tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt, wɪθ ˈlɪtəl lək. tu ˈpipəl kloʊz tɪ trəmp noʊt ðət hɪz ɪz ən əbˈsɛsɪv ˌpərsəˈnælɪti [bət ˈstæfərz] seɪ ðeɪ fɪr hɪz ˌɪnˈsɛndiɛri ənd ˈpəblɪk ˈkɑmɛnts hæv spərd ‘‘countless’*’ liks əv ˈdæmɪʤɪŋ information.”*.” ˈwɛlkəm tɪ ðə ˈdeɪli 202 ˈmɔrnɪŋ ˈnuzˌlɛtər. saɪn əp tɪ rɪˈsiv ðə ˈnuzˌlɛtər. waɪl ju wər sˈlipɪŋ: ˈhoʊmˌlænd sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ʤɑn ˈkɛli ˈtɛstɪˌfaɪz ɔn ˈkæpɪtəl hil*. (ˈsuzən walsh/ap*) ˈhoʊmˌlænd sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ʤɑn ˈkɛli həz rɪˈvərst ən dɪˈrɛktɪv ðət prəˈtɛktɪd ˈmɪljənz əv ˈpɛrənts əv juz. ˈsɪtɪzənz frəm biɪŋ dɪˈpɔrtəd. mərˈiə rɪˈpɔrts: ækt fʊlˈfɪlz pɑrt əv ə kæmˈpeɪn ˈprɑməs ðət ˈprɛzɪdənt trəmp hæd meɪd tɪ ˈoʊvərˌtərn tu əv ˈbɑrək ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ˈmɛmoʊz ɔn ˌɪˈligəl ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən. ðə rɪˈsɪndɪd ˈmɛˌmoʊ wɑz ˈnɛvər ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd ənd ɪz ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt əv ən ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈfɛdərəl kɔrt ˈbætəl weɪʤd baɪ ˈtɛksəs ənd ˈəðər steɪts ðət əˈpoʊzd ˈproʊˌgræm. ˈθərzˌdeɪ mɑrkt ðə ˈdɛˌdlaɪn fər ðə ˈpɑrtiz tɪ sɛt ə ˈtaɪmˌteɪbəl tɪ riˈzɑlv ðə keɪs. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ˈkɛli rɪˈsɪndɪd ðə ˈmɛˌmoʊ, seɪɪŋ ðət ðɛr ɪz ˈkrɛdəbəl pæθ forward’*’ ɪn kɔrt. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, trəmp həz lɛt stænd 2012 ˈmɛˌmoʊ ðət həz ˈgrænɪd frəm ˌdipɔrˈteɪʃən tɪ ˈnɪrli ənˈdɑkjəmɛnɪd ˈɪməgrənts hu əraɪvd ɛz ˈʧɪldrən. ˈkɛli sɛd ˈθərzˌdeɪ ðət ðə dɪˈfərd ˈækʃən fər ˈʧaɪlˌdhʊd ərˈaɪvəlz ˈproʊˌgræm, noʊn ɛz daca*, wʊd nɑt change.”*.” trəmp təˈdeɪ wɪl roʊl bæk ˈpɑləsiz ðət əˈlaʊ fər mɔr ˈpraɪvət ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn ˈkjubə. ɪn duɪŋ soʊ, hiz goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈəndərˌkət ˈraɪvəlz əv hɪz oʊn trəmp ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən hu hæv reɪst ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz tɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃ ə ˈfʊˌthoʊld ɪn ə ˈlukrətɪv nu ˈmɑrkɪt. dru ˈhɑrˌwɛl ənd ˈʤɑnəθən oʊˈkɑnəl rɪˈpɔrt: hoʊˈtɛlz ənd rɪˈzɔrts, wɪʧ mərʤd wɪθ ˈmɛriət ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl tɪ fɔrm ðə ˈlɑrʤəst hoʊˈtɛl ʧeɪn, læst jɪr ˈdeɪbjutɪd ðə fərst ˈkjubən hoʊˈtɛl ˈmænɪʤd baɪ ə juz. ˈkəmpəˌni ɪn ˈnɪrli 60 jɪrz, ˈteɪkɪŋ ædˈvæntɪʤ əv [obama’s*] 2014 muv tɪ ˈnɔrməˌlaɪz riˈleɪʃənz wɪθ ˈkjubə ənd ˈlaɪtən ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz ɛnˈfɔrsɪŋ ðə juz. ɛmˈbɑrgoʊ ɔn ðə ˈaɪlənd. trəmp ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ əˈnaʊns ɪn maɪˈæmi hɪz ˌɪnˈtɛnʧən tɪ bæn ˈsərtən ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl trænˈzækʃənz bɪtˈwin juz. ˈbɪznɪsɪz ənd ðə ˈkjubən ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri, huz ˈkəmpəˌniz kənˈtroʊl məʧ əv ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi ənd ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ʃɛr əv ðə ˈtʊˌrɪzəm ənd hoʊˈtɛl ˈsɛktər." ðə ˈprɛzɪdənts ˈækʃən wɪl hæv ðə ˈpræktɪkəl ˈifɛkt əv nɪˈgeɪtɪŋ hɪz ˈkɔrpərət ædˈvæntɪʤ. fɔr ˈθaʊzənd əˈdɪʃənəl juz. trups wɪl sun bi dɪˈplɔɪd tɪ æfˈgænəˌstæn. ðə loʊˈlitə ˈbɔldər ənd ˈrɑbərt bərnz rɪˈpɔrt: dɪˈsɪʒən baɪ dɪˈfɛns ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ʤɪm ˈmætɪs kʊd bi əˈnaʊnst ɛz ˈərli ɛz nɛkst week…*… ɪt ˈfɑloʊz muv tɪ gɪv ˈmætɪs ðə əˈθɔrəti tɪ sɛt trup ˈlɛvəlz ənd siks tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs əˈsərʃənz baɪ ðə tɔp juz. kəˈmændər ɪn æfˈgænəˌstæn ðət hi hæv ɪˈnəf ˈfɔrsɪz tɪ hɛlp ˈɑrmi əˈgɛnst ə rɪˈsərʤənt ˈtælɪˌbæn ˌɪnˈsərʤənsi. ðə ˈraɪzɪŋ θrɛt poʊzd baɪ ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk steɪt ɪkˈstriməsts, ˈɛvɪdənst ɪn ə ræʃ əv ˈdɛdli əˈtæks ɪn ðə ˈkæpɪtəl ˈsɪti əv ˈkɑbʊl, həz ˈoʊnli fjuəld kɔlz fər ə ˈstrɔŋgər juz. ˈprɛzəns, ɛz hæv ˈsɛvərəl ˈrisənt əˈmɛrɪkən ˈkɑmbæt dɛθs. ðə bəlk əv ðə əˈdɪʃənəl trups wɪl treɪn ənd ədˈvaɪz ˈæfˌgæn ˈfɔrsɪz ə sˈmɔlər ˈnəmbər wʊd bi əˈsaɪnd tɪ ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz əˈgɛnst ðə ˈtælɪˌbæn ənd is.”*.” trəmp həz əˈpɔɪntɪd ən planner”*” ənd ˈfæməli ˈlɔɪəlɪst wɪθ noʊ ˈgəvərnmənt ɪkˈspɪriəns tɪ ə ˈkruʃəl həd poʊst. ðə nu jɔrk ˈdeɪli news’*’ grɛg bi. smɪθ rɪˈpɔrts: lɪn ˈpætən "həz əreɪnʤd ˈtərnəmənts æt trəmp gɔlf ˈkɔrsɪz, sərvd ɛz ðə liˈeɪˌzɑn tɪ ðə trəmp ˈfæməli ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl kæmˈpeɪn, ənd ˈivɪn əreɪnʤd ˈɛrɪk ˈwɛdɪŋ ˈpætən hu həz ˈziroʊ ˈhaʊzɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns ənd kleɪmz ə lɔ dɪˈgri ðə skul sɪz ʃi ˈnɛvər ərnd wɑz əˈpɔɪntɪd tɪ hɛd əp ðə juz. dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈhaʊzɪŋ ənd ˈərbən ˈriʤən ii*, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludz nu jɔrk ənd nu ˈʤərzi, wɛr ˈoʊvərˌsi ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən əv ˈbɪljənz əv ˈtækˌspeɪər dollars.”*.” ɪn spaɪt əv ˈtræʤədi, ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈbeɪsˈbɔl geɪm wɛnt ɔn. ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz frəm boʊθ timz ˈgæðərd ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl əv ðə ˈdaɪmənd tɪ preɪ təˈgɛðər. mɪʧ məˈkɑnəl, ʧək ˈʃumər, pɔl raɪən ənd ˈnænsi pɛˈloʊsi əˈpɪrd təˈgɛðər tɪ seɪ, "pleɪ bɔl." ðə haʊs ˈspikər ənd məˈnɔrəti ˈlidər sæt fər ə ʤɔɪnt ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn ˌbiˈfɔr ðə fərst pɪʧ. ðə tu smaɪld ˈwɔrmli, pɛˈloʊsi ˈspɔrtɪŋ ə ˈpərpəl luˌiziˈænə steɪt ˌjunəˈvərsəti ʃərt ənd raɪən ˈwɛrɪŋ ə ˈpərpəl hæt. boʊθ wər ɪn ˈɑnər əv stiv ˈskɑlaɪz, ðə haʊs məˈʤɔrəti wɪp hu wɑz ˈwundɪd ɪn ðə ˈʃutɪŋ. (ˈæʃli ˈpɑrkər, əˈlis ənd ˈpɛri staɪn) ðə ˈdɛməˌkræts wən ðə geɪm ənd ðə geɪm reɪzd mɔr ðən 1 ˈmɪljən fər ˈʧɛrɪti. frəm ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn: ðə ɛnd əv ðə geɪm wɪn ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈmænɪʤər ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. maɪk dɔɪl wɑz pərˈzɛnəd ðə ˈwɪnɪŋ ˈtroʊfi, hi kɔld rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈmænɪʤər ˈtɛksəs rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ʤoʊ ˈbɑrtən tɪ ʤɔɪn ɪm. dɔɪl geɪv ðə ˈwɪnɪŋ ˈtroʊfi bæk tɪ ðə rɪˈpəblɪkənz tɪ pʊt ɪn ˈɔfəs. trəmp, ʤɔɪnd baɪ ˈtrɛʒəri ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri stiv ənd hər tu ˈɛldəst ˈʧɪldrən ˌærəˈbɛlə ənd ˈʤoʊzəf ˈkəʃnər, pərˈzɛnəd ə ʧɛk frəm ɪn ðə trəmp administration.’*.’" ðə fərst pɪʧ wɑz θroʊn baɪ ˈdeɪvɪd ˈbeɪli, wən əv ðə tu ˈkæpɪtəl pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsərz hu wər ˈɪnʤərd ɪn ˌæləgˈzændriə ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ waɪl ˈhɛlpɪŋ tɪ teɪk aʊt ðə ˈʃutər. trəmp sɛnt ə ˈvɪdioʊ ˈmɛsɪʤ: pleɪɪŋ təˈnaɪt, ju ər ʃoʊɪŋ ðə wərld ðət wi wɪl nɑt bi ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪtɪd baɪ θrɛts, ækts əv ˈvaɪələns ər əˈsɔlts ɔn ɑr dɪˈmɑkrəsi," hi sɛd. "ðə geɪm wɪl goʊ on.”*.” ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˈnæʃənəlz hæd tɪ loʊn ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən tim gɪr bɪˈkəz ðə ɪkˈwɪpmənt ɪz ɪn ˈɛvədəns, pər bɑb ˈkɔstɑ. stiv ˈskɑlaɪz ˈpɪkʧərd ˈrisəntli ɪn ðə ˈkæpɪtəl. (mɛˈlinə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən poʊst) ˈskɑlaɪz rɪˈmeɪnz ɪn ˈkrɪtɪkəl kənˈdɪʃən, bət hi həz ˌɪmˈpruvd ɪn ðə læst 24 aʊərz. ɪn ə ˈθərzˌdeɪ naɪt ˈsteɪtmənt, ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˈhɑˌspɪtəl ˈsɛnər sɛd ðə ˈkɑŋgrəsmən ˌəndərˈwɛnt ə θərd ˈsərʤəri rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈɪnʤəriz ənd ə ˈbroʊkən boʊn ɪn hɪz lɛg. hi rikˈwaɪərz əˈdɪʃənəl ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ənd wɪl ɪn ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl fər səm time.”*.” əv ðə fɔr ˈəðər ˈvɪktɪmz ˈwundɪd baɪ ˈgənˌfaɪər, tu ər stɪl ɪn ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, ˈlɑbiəst mæt ˈmikə ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈmeɪnz ɪn ˈkrɪtɪkəl kənˈdɪʃən. ˈlɛni ˈbərnstin ɪkˈspleɪnz waɪ ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈpɛnəˌtreɪtɪŋ wund tɪ ðə hɪp ɪz səʧ ə ˈdeɪnʤərəs ˈɪnʤəri: ˈpɛlvɪk ˈɛriə ɪz hoʊm tɪ ðə bləd ˈvɛsəlz, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈklud ˈmeɪʤər ˈɑrtəriz ðət brænʧ ɔf ðə eɪˈɔrtə, ðə meɪn rut ðət ˈkɛriz ˈɑksəʤəˌneɪtəd bləd tɪ ɔl pɑrts əv ðə ˈbɑdi. wundz tɪ ðoʊz ˈvɛsəlz, lɑrʤ ənd smɔl, kɔz fæst, səˈvɪr bləd lɔs, wɪʧ kən sɛt ɔf ə kæˈskeɪd əv ˈprɑbləmz fər ˈsərʤənz traɪɪŋ tɪ seɪv ə ˈpeɪʃənts laɪf." lɪn məˈkələ əv ˈrɑnəld ˈrigən ˈhɑˌspɪtəl sɛd sərˈvaɪvəl ˈtɪpɪkəli dɪˈpɛndz ɔn ˈsɛvərəl ki ˈfæktərz: ðə pəˈzɪʃən əv ðə ˈbɑdi wɪn ɪt wɑz strək ənd ˈdɪstəns frəm ðə ˈwɛpən; ðə vəˈlɑsəti əv ðə ˈbʊlət ənd ðə taɪp juzd; ənd loʊˈkeɪʃən əv ðə ˈɛntri ənd pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈɛksət wund. ðə vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt ənd ˈsɛkənd ˈleɪdi ˈvɪzɪtɪd ˈskɑlaɪz ənd wən əv ðə ˈwundɪd ˈkæpɪtəl pəˈlis ˈɔfɪsərz ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋ, ˈnoʊlən di. məˈkæskəl rɪˈpɔrts. "ˈtərgət" ˈliʒən ɔn ˈpeɪʃənt wɪθ laɪm dɪˈziz. (ˈkərtəsi əv ˈsiˌdiˈsi) gɪt smɑrt fast:​​*:​​ ən ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ˈnəmbər əv əˈmɛrɪkənz wɪθ ˈsɪmptəmz ər biɪŋ mɪsˌdaɪɪgˈnoʊzd wɪθ laɪm disease”*” ənd priˈskraɪbd ˈdeɪnʤərəs, ˈɔfən ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ˈtritmənts ðət du nɑt wərk. ɪn səm ɪkˈstrim ˈkeɪsɪz, mɪsˌdaɪɪgˈnoʊzd ˈpeɪʃənz hæv ˈivɪn daɪd ˈæftər rɪˈsivɪŋ ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪv ənd ˈlɔŋˈtərm ˈtritmənt. (ˈlinə eɪʧ. sən) ˈfeɪsˌbʊk wɪl juz ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ɪn ɪts ˈbætəl əˈgɛnst ɪkˈstrimɪst ˈkɑntɛnt ɔn ðə ˈplætˌfɔrm. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni əˈnaʊnst ˈərliər ðət ɪt wɑz ˈædɪŋ ˈpipəl tɪ ðə tim ðət rəvˈjuz flægd poʊsts. shaban*) ə ˈtɛksəs ˈwʊmən ɪz suɪŋ ˈubər fər əˈlɛʤədli əbˈteɪnɪŋ ənd ˈʃɛrɪŋ hər ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈrɛkərdz ˈæftər ʃi wɑz reɪpt baɪ ə ˈdraɪvər ɪn ˈɪndiə. shaban*) ˈfɛdərəl ˈkɑnˌtræktər buz stɑk tʊk ə bɪg hɪt ˈæftər dɪˈskloʊzɪŋ ðət ðə ˈʤəstɪs dɪˈpɑrtmənt ɪz ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ɪts ˈbɪlɪŋ ˈpræktɪsɪz. (ˈtɑməs hiθ) ˌsɪnsəˈnæti ˈdɑktərz ˈkɛrɪŋ fər ˌkɔˈriə ˌditeɪˈni ˈɑˌtoʊ sɛd ðət ðə rɪˈmeɪnz ɪn ə pərˈsɪstənt ˌvɛʤəˈteɪtɪv steɪt ənd ɪz ˈsəfərɪŋ ə səˈvɪr breɪn ˈɪnʤəri wɪθ loss”*” əv ˈtɪʃu ɪn ɔl ˈriʤənz əv ðə breɪn. ðeɪ hæv faʊnd noʊ ˈɛvədəns tɪ səˈpɔrt ˈpjɔŋˈjæŋz kleɪm ðət hɪz ˈkoʊmə wɑz kɔzd baɪ ˈbɑʧuˌlɪzəm. (ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn) ˈrəʃə ɪz ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ˈwɛðər ə ˈsɪriə ˈɛrˌstraɪk tʊk aʊt ə tɔp ˈaɪsəs ˈlidər. ˈæbu meɪ hæv bɪn kɪld ɪn ə meɪ 28 əˈtæk ɔn ə ˈmitɪŋ əv ˈaɪsəs ˈlidərz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd raqqa*. (ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz) ʧaɪˈniz pəˈlis əˈnaʊnst ðət ə loʊn ˈbɑmər wɑz riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ən ɪkˈsploʊʒən ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ə ˈkɪndərˌgɑrtən ðət kɪld eɪt. ðə əˈtæk ɪz ðə ˈleɪtəst ɪn ə ˈtræʤɪk, bɪˈzɑr strɪŋ əv ˈvaɪələns ˈtɑrgətɪŋ jəŋ ˈʧɪldrən. (ˈsaɪmən denyer*) ðə əps ˈdraɪvər hu ʃɑt ənd kɪld θri ˈpipəl ɪn sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ faɪld ə ˈwərkˌpleɪs ˈgrivəns ɪn mɑrʧ. hi kəmˈpleɪnd ðət hi wɑz ˈwərkɪŋ ɪkˈsɛsɪv ˈoʊvərˌtaɪm. (ˈlɪndzi ˈbɛvər ənd ˈɛmə ˈɑkərmən) tu ɪˈskeɪpt ˈʤɔrʤə ˈkɑnvɪkts, hu əˈlɛʤədli kɪld tu gɑrdz ənd flɛd frəm ə kərˈɛkʃənz bəs, wər ˈkæpʧərd ɪn ˌtɛnəˈsi læst naɪt ˈæftər ə ˈmænˌhənt. (səˈmænθə ʃmɪt) ə lɔ fərm ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪŋ ˈsændi hʊk ˈfæməliz sɛnt ə ˈlɛtər tɪ ˈɛnˌbiˈsi, ˌɪmˈplɔrɪŋ ðɛm nɑt tɪ ɛr ˈsənˌdi ˈɪntərvˌju wɪθ infowars’*’ ˈæləks ʤoʊnz. (peɪʤ sɪks) teenagers’*’ juz əv təˈbæˌkoʊ ˈprɑdəkts həz hɪt ə ˈrɛkərd loʊ, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈsiˌdiˈsi, waɪl ðə ˈnəmbər əv ðoʊz ˈjuzɪŋ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈʃɑrpli dɪˈklaɪnd fər ðə fərst taɪm. (ˈlɔri məˈgɪnli) ðə səˈspɛndɪd ˈluiˌvɪl ˈbæskətˌbɔl koʊʧ rɪk pəˈtinoʊ fər faɪv geɪmz, taɪd tɪ ðə ˌhaɪˈproʊfaɪl ˈskændəl ðət rɑkt ðə spɔrts ˈproʊˌgræm. (rɪk mis) ðɛrz stɪl noʊ ˈvərdɪkt ɪn bɪl ˈkɔzbiz ˈsɛkʃuəl əˈsɔlt keɪs. ðə ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə ˈʤʊri ˌɪnˈfɔrmd ðə ʤəʤ ðət ɪt kʊd nɑt riʧ ə kənˈsɛnsəs. hi ˈɔrdərd ðɛm bæk tɪ ðə ˈʤʊri rum tɪ kənˈtɪnju dɪˈlɪbərˌeɪtɪŋ. (mɑnˈwɛl roig-franzia*) ˈflɔrɪdə gəv. rɪk skɑt (ɑr) ɪz sˈleɪtɪd tɪ saɪn ə 419 ˈmɪljən ˈpəblɪk ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən bɪl ðət wɪl ˈkɑnvərt mɔr ðən 100 ˈpəblɪk skulz ˈɪntu ˈʧɑrtərz. ðə ˈɛfərt həz bɪn dɪˈkraɪd baɪ səm ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˈæktɪvɪsts, hu noʊt ðət ˈʧɑrtər ˈsɪstəm ɪz ˈdipli ˈtrəbəld. (ˈvæləri straʊs) laɪl ʤɛfs, ðə rɪˈlɪʤəs hu ɪˈskeɪpt frəm hoʊm kənˈfaɪnmənt ˈæftər biɪŋ əˈkjuzd əv ə frɔd skim læst jɪr, həz ˈfaɪnəli bɪn ˈkæpʧərd. hi wɑz faʊnd mɔr ðən 900 maɪəlz frəm sɔlt leɪk ˈsɪti ənd hæd bɪn ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ə ˈpɪˌkəp trək. (ˈlɪndzi ˈbɛvər) ə blɪmp ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ ə wɪˈskɑnsən ˈkrɛdɪt ˈjunjən dɪˈfleɪtɪd ənd bərst ˈɪntu fleɪmz ˈkræʃɪŋ kloʊz tɪ ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈpipəl ˈgæðərd tɪ wɔʧ ðə juz. ˈoʊpən. ðə ˈpaɪlət, hu rɪˈmeɪnd ɪn ðə blɪmp ɛz ɪt wɛnt daʊn, ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ rɪˈkəvər. (mɪlˈwɔki journal-sentinel*) ˈsaɪəntɪsts ər ˈhɔrəˌfaɪd ˈæftər ˈlərnɪŋ ðət tu dəʧ ˈfɪʃərmɪn hu kɔt ən ˈspiʃiz əv fully-developed*, ˈhɑrbər ˈpɔrpəsəz ˈsɪmpli tʊk ə ˈpɪkʧər əv ðə ˈkriʧər ˌbiˈfɔr ˈtɔsɪŋ ɪt bæk ˈɪntu ðə si. ˈlɪtəl dɪd ðə ˈtrɔlərz noʊ, ˌkɑnˈʤɔɪnd twɪnz ər ən əˈkərəns əˈməŋ ðɛr ər ˈoʊnli naɪn noʊn ˈkeɪsɪz ɪn ˈhɪstəri, ˈɔlˌmoʊst nən əv wɪʧ ˈivɪn meɪd ɪt tɪ bərθ. (ˈɑvi sɛlk) ə nu ˈstədi faɪndz ðət ˈsɛvən pərˈsɛnt əv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈædəlts bɪˈliv ˈʧɔklət mɪlk kəmz frəm braʊn kaʊz. ðət stəˈtɪstɪk maɪt sim loʊ, bət ɪt ˈtrænsˌleɪts tɪ əˈprɑksəmətli ˈmɪljən ˈpipəl... (ˈkeɪtlɪn dui) ˈmaɪkəl fɛlps wɪl reɪs ə greɪt waɪt ʃɑrk fər week.”*.” haʊ? stɪl nɑt ɪnˈtaɪərli klɪr. bət ɪt wɪl bi ə gʊd ˈreɪtɪŋz ˈgɪmɪk. (dɪ ˈbilər) trəmp ˈsɛləˌbreɪts ðə ˈpæsɪʤ əv ðə ˈhaʊsɪz bɪl ɪn meɪ. ˈwɔʃɪŋtən poʊst) groʊɪŋ ˈoʊvər ˈsikrəsi: ˈsɛnɪt rɪˈpəblɪkənz hoʊp tɪ brɪŋ ə bɪl tɪ ðə flɔr baɪ ðə ɛnd əv ðə mənθ, ˈivɪn ɛz ðeɪ kənˈtɪnju tɪ raɪt ɪt. ʃɔn ˈsəlɪvən ənd ˈkɛlsi snɛl rɪˈpɔrt: trəmp ənd mɪʧ məˈkɑnəl ər ˈprɛsɪŋ fər ən æmˈbɪʃəs ˈtaɪmlaɪn tɪ kəmˈplit ðə bɪl, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt ɪz biɪŋ ˈdræftɪd ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt wɪθ ˈlɪtəl əˈsɪstəns frəm ðə waɪt haʊs. ˌɪmˈpæʃənd ˈpɑləsi dɪˈspjuts hæv flɛrd əˈməŋ səm ˈsɛnətərz ɪn lɑrʤ grup ˈmitɪŋz æt wɪʧ məˈkɑnəl həz ˈfloʊtɪd aɪˈdiəz frəm ðə ˈdræftɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs. bət ðoʊz dɪˈspjuts hæv nɑt dɪˈtərd ɪm frəm ðə goʊl əv ə flɔr voʊt ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˌʤuˈlaɪ 4 ˈrisɛs. rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈlidərz (stɪl) hæv noʊ plænz tɪ hoʊld kəˈmɪti ˈhirɪŋz ɔn ðɛr bɪl. ðeɪ fil ɛz ɪf ðeɪ hæv spɛnt ˈplɛnti əv taɪm prɪˈzɛntɪŋ ˈsɛnətərz wɪθ ˈdɪfərənt ˈɔpʃənz. noʊ ˈdɛməˌkræts ər ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ səˈpɔrt ɪt. baɪ ɔl əˈkaʊnts, ðə ˈsɛnɪt bɪl wɪl bi drəˈmætɪkəli ˈdɪfərənt frəm ðə ˈmɛʒər ðət ˈimərʤd frəm ðə haʊs ɪn meɪ, ənd ɪt ɪz ɪnˈtaɪərli ənˈnoʊn haʊ ənd ˈwɛðər ðə tu ˈʧeɪmbərz kən ˈrɛkənˌsaɪl ðɛr ˈdɪfərənsɪz ənd ˈæˌkʧuəli ɪˈnækt ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən rɪˈvaɪzɪŋ ðə əˈfɔrdəbəl kɛr act.”*.” ðə ˈkoʊvərt ˈneɪʧər əv ðə nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz həz lɛd tɪ ə sɛns əv dɪˈstrəst əˈməŋ ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə fju rɪˈpəblɪkənz. ðə nu jɔrk times’*’ ˈtɑməs ˈkæplən ənd ˈrɑbərt pɛr rɪˈpɔrts: ðə ˈsəmər əv 2009 wɪn ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈkɑŋgrəs wər dɪˈfɛndɪŋ ðɛr ˈɛfərt tɪ ˈriˈmeɪk ðə hɛlθ kɛr ˈsɪstəm, ðeɪ wər ˈtɔntɪd baɪ kraʊdz ˈʧæntɪŋ, ðə bɪl, rɛd ðə bill.’*.’ naʊ ˈdɛməˌkræts seɪ ðeɪ wʊd ləv tɪ rɛd ðə republicans’*’ rɪˈpil bɪl, bət ˈkænɑt du soʊ bɪˈkəz rɪˈpəblɪkənz hæv nɑt ɪkˈspoʊzd ðɛr ˈhændiˌwərk tɪ ˈpəblɪk ˌɪnˈspɛkʃən ɪn ˈθɪri, ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪz ˈoʊpən tɪ ˈɛni əv ðə 52 rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈsɛnətərz, bət fju sim tɪ hæv ə klɪr, koʊˈhɪrənt ˈpɪkʧər əv wət wɪl bi ɪn ðə ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən ˈsɛnɪt rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈlidərz θɪŋk ðɛr əˈproʊʧ gɪvz ðɛm ðə bɛst ʧæns tɪ dɪˈvaɪz ə hɛlθ kɛr bɪl ðət kən skwik θru ðə senate.”*.” ðə ˈstɔri kwoʊts θri ˈmɛmbərz kəmˈpleɪnɪŋ: bɑb ˈkɔrkər (r-tenn*.): sɛd frəm deɪ 1 ənd seɪ ɪt əˈgɛn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪz ˈbɛtər ɪf ju du ɪt ɪn ˈpəblɪk ənd ðət ˈpipəl gɪt əˈlɔŋ ðə weɪ ənd ˌəndərˈstænd goʊɪŋ ɔn. ˈɑbviəsli, nɑt ðə rut ðət ɪz biɪŋ taken.”*.” (r-tenn*.): sɛd frəm deɪ 1 ənd seɪ ɪt əˈgɛn ənd ðət ˈpipəl gɪt əˈlɔŋ ðə weɪ ənd ˌəndərˈstænd goʊɪŋ ɔn. ˈɑbviəsli, nɑt ðə rut ðət ɪz biɪŋ taken.”*.” rɑn ˈʤɑnsən (r-wisc*.): kəm frəm ə ˌmænjəˈfækʧərɪŋ background…*… sɑlvd ə lɔt əv ˈprɑbləmz. ɪt stɑrts wɪθ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. simz laɪk əraʊnd hir, ðə læst stɛp ɪz ˈgɪtɪŋ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən wɪʧ sim tɪ bi ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ðə moʊst ˈifɛktɪv process.”*.” (r-wisc*.): kəm frəm ə ˌmænjəˈfækʧərɪŋ background…*… sɑlvd ə lɔt əv ˈprɑbləmz. ɪt stɑrts wɪθ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən. wɪʧ sim tɪ bi ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ðə moʊst ˈifɛktɪv process.”*.” rænd pɔl (r-ky*.): ˈprɛfərəns wʊd bi ə mɔr ˈoʊpən ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪn kəˈmɪtiz wɪθ ˈhirɪŋz ənd ˈpipəl ɔn boʊθ sides.”*.” ˈsɛrə roʊt ə ˈvɛri ˈbəzi pis ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ: ˈkəvərd sɪns deɪ wən. ˈnɛvər sin laɪɪŋ ənd əbˈstrəkʃən laɪk this:”*:” bɪˈkəm ˈɑbviəs tɪ mi, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ðɪs wik, ðət rɪˈpəblɪkənz plæn tɪ muv mɔr kˈwɪkli ənd lɛs ðən ˈdɛməˌkræts dɪd ɪn ˈdræftɪŋ ðə əˈfɔrdəbəl kɛr ækt. ðeɪ ˌɪnˈtɛnd tɪ du ðɪs dɪˈspaɪt rɪˈpitɪdli ənd ˈæŋgrəli ˈkrɪtɪˌsaɪzɪŋ ðə (ˈækə) fər biɪŋ muvd tu kˈwɪkli ənd wɪθ tu ˈlɪtəl dɪˌlɪbərˈeɪʃən ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs wɪl lɛd tɪ ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪŋ rɪˈzəlts fər ˈmɪljənz əv əˈmɛrɪkənz hu noʊ tɪ spik əp ənˈtɪl ðə ˈdæmɪʤ ɪz dən. soʊ fɑr, ðə fju ˈditeɪlz ðət hæv likt aʊt peɪnt ə ˈpɪkʧər əv ə bɪl ʃʊr tɪ ˈkəvər ˈmɪljənz fjuər ˈpipəl ənd reɪz kɔsts ɔn ðoʊz wɪθ ˈpriɪgˈzɪstɪŋ conditions.”*.” ˈɛzrə klaɪn ˈɑrgjuz ðət ðə ˈstrætəʤi meɪ ˈbækˌfaɪr baɪ ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ðə ˈlaɪkliˌhʊd əv ə ˈsɪstəm ɪn ðə ˈlɔŋˈtərm. rɪˈpəblɪkənz ənˈwaɪnd ənd pæs ðɛr bɪl, ðɛn ˈdɛməˌkræts ər məʧ ˈlaɪkliər tɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃ ə hɛlθ kɛr ˈsɪstəm ər æt list ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋz əv wən wɪn ðeɪ rɪˈgeɪn power.”*.” ðə bɪl kʊd əˈfɛkt ðoʊz ɔn ɪmˈplɔɪər plænz ɛz wɛl ɛz ðoʊz ɪn ðə ɪksˈʧeɪnʤɪz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə nu æˈnælɪsɪs frəm ðə ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈsɛnər fər əˈmɛrɪkən ˈprɑˌgrɛs. axios’*’ ˈdeɪvɪd rɪˈpɔrts: ˈsɛnɪt hɛlθ kɛr bɪl ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ əˈlaʊ steɪts tɪ rɪˈlæks ðə əˈfɔrdəbəl kɛr ækt rulz ˈoʊnli ɔn ˈbɛnəfɪts, nɑt ɔn ˈpraɪsɪŋ ɛz ðə haʊs bɪl dɪz. bət ðət ʧeɪnʤ kʊd ˌɪmˈpækt ˈpipəl fɑr bɪɔnd ðoʊz steɪts bɪˈkəz ɪt kʊd lɛd tɪ ə rɪˈtərn əv ˈænjuəl ənd ˈlaɪfˌtaɪm ˈbɛnəfɪt ˈlɪmɪts, ənd nɑt ʤɪst ɪn ðə steɪts wɪθ ðə ˈweɪvərz ɛz ˈmɛni ɛz 27 ˈmɪljən əˈmɛrɪkənz kʊd feɪs ˈænjuəl ˈlɪmɪts ɔn ðɛr ˈkəvərɪʤ, ənd 20 ˈmɪljən kʊd bi hɪt wɪθ ˈlaɪfˌtaɪm ˈlɪmɪts lɑrʤ ɪmˈplɔɪərz ðət ˈɔpərˌeɪt ɪn ˈsɛvərəl steɪts kən ʧuz wɪʧ steɪt ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ juz ɛz ðə ˈbeɪsɪs fər ðɛr ˈbɛnəfɪts. soʊ ɪf ən ɪmˈplɔɪər ˈɑpərˌeɪts ɪn 15 steɪts, ənd wən əv ðɛm həz ə ˈweɪvər frəm ˈækə ˈbɛnəfɪt rulz, ɪt kən sɛt ɔl əv ɪts ˈbɛnəfɪts beɪst ɔn ðət state.”*.” ˈkɑmɛnts dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ ðə haʊs hɛlθ bɪl ɛz ““mean”*” hæv ˈæŋgərd ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz hu rɪskt ðɛr pəˈlɪtɪkəl kərɪrz tɪ pæs ɪt. axios’*’ ˈʤɑnəθən swɔn rɪˈpɔrts: ɪz ˈhævɪŋ ə ˈlɪŋgərɪŋ, ənd pəˈtɛnʃəli ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪŋ, ˈifɛkt ɔn hɪz ˌkrɛdəˈbɪlɪti əˈməŋ haʊs rɪˈpəblɪkənz. ˈmɛmbərz ər stɪl ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt trəmps ˈkɑmɛnt, ənd ðɛr frəˈstreɪʃən ðət hid θroʊ ðɛm ˈəndər ðə bəs ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ ˈdæmɪʤ hɪz əˈbɪləˌti tɪ nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪt ɔn ˈmeɪʤər ˈaɪtəmz laɪk ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər ənd tæks reform.”*.” saɪd noʊt: trəmp ɪz pərˈpɛrɪŋ ən ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈɔrdər eɪmd æt loʊərɪŋ drəg ˈpraɪsɪz. ˈænə ˈɛdni ənd ˈʤəstɪn sɪŋk rɪˈpɔrt: hɛlθ ənd ˈbəʤɪt əˈfɪʃəlz ɪn ðə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən wɪl mit ˈfraɪˌdeɪ tɪ dɪˈskəs ðə ˈɪʃu, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈpipəl trəmp sɔt ˌrɛkəmənˈdeɪʃənz frəm ðə hɛlθ ˈeɪʤənsiz ɔn rɪˈdusɪŋ ˌmɛdəˈkeɪʃən kɔsts, hɛlθ ənd ˈjumən ˈsərvɪsɪz ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri tɑm praɪs toʊld ˈsɛnətərz læst wik. wən ˈpɑləsi biɪŋ dɪˈskəst fər ˌɪnˈkluʒən ɪn ðə ˈɔrdər ɪz ɪkˈsprɛsɪŋ səˈpɔrt fər əˈgrimənts, ə drəg prəˈpoʊzəl ɪn wɪʧ ˌfɑrməˈsutɪkəl ˈkəmpəˌniz ənd hɛlθ ˌɪnˈʃʊrərz dɪˈvɛləp ərˈeɪnʤmənts tɪ peɪ fər ˈprɑdəkts dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn haʊ wɛl ðeɪ work.”*.” ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtər skɑt pruɪt spiks tɪ rɪˈpɔrtərz ɪn ðə waɪt haʊs prɛs rum. (ˈpɑbloʊ mɑrˈtinɛz monsivais/ap*) trəmps əˈʤɛndə: ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtər skɑt pruɪt dɪˈfɛndɪd hɪz prəˈpoʊzəl tɪ slæʃ hɪz ˈeɪʤənsiz ˈbəʤɪt baɪ 31 pərˈsɛnt. ˈbreɪdi ˈdɛnɪs rɪˈpɔrts: bɪˈliv wi kən fʊlˈfɪl ðə ˈmɪʃən əv ɑr ˈeɪʤənsi wɪθ ə trɪmd ˈbəʤɪt, wɪθ ˈprɑpər ˈlidərˌʃɪp ənd management,’*,’ hi toʊld ˈmɛmbərz əv ə haʊs əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃənz ˈsəbkəˈmɪti. ðə ‘‘trimmed’*’ ˈbəʤɪt hi ˈrɛfərənst wʊd əˈmaʊnt tɪ ə kət əv [səm ˈbɪljən] ˈænjuəli ə ˈlɑrʤər pərˈsɛnɪʤ ðən æt ˈɛni ˈəðər ˈfɛdərəl ˈeɪʤənsi. pruɪt ɪnˈkaʊnərd rɪˈzɪstəns ˈθərzˌdeɪ frəm ˈmɛmbərz əv boʊθ ˈpɑrtiz, hu dɪˈskraɪbd ðə wərk ɪn ðɛr ˈdɪstrɪkts ɛz boʊθ ˈvaɪtəl tɪ ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl prəˈtɛkʃən ənd ən ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈɪnʤən ɪn ˈmɛni ˈɛriəz." əˈproʊʧ wɑz ˈivɪn ˈkrɪtəˌsaɪzd baɪ rɪˈpəblɪkənz hu θɪŋk ðə ˈeɪʤənsi ˈoʊvərˌstɛpt ɪts ˈrɛgjələˌtɔri əˈθɔrəti ˈəndər ˌoʊˈbɑmə: oʊˈhaɪoʊ rɪˈpəblɪkən rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ˈdeɪvɪd ʤɔɪs sɛd ən ˈproʊˌgræm eɪmd æt ˈklinɪŋ əp ðə greɪt leɪks ˈriʤən wɪʧ trəmp wʊd diˈfənd kəmˈplitli hæd hɛlpt kəmˈjunɪtiz riˈvaɪtəˌlaɪz ˈwɔtərˌfrənt ˈɛriəz ənd kriˈeɪtɪd ʤɑbz. əp ðə leɪks əˈbaʊt kərˈɛktɪŋ mɪˈsteɪks frəm ðə pæst, bət kriˈeɪtɪŋ nu ˌɑpərˈtunətiz ənd ə ˈbraɪtər fˈjuʧər fər ɑr ˈʃɔˌrlaɪn communities,”*,” hi sɛd, ˈædɪŋ ðət ðə prəˈpoʊzd ˈbəʤɪt ˈkrɪpəl ɑr kəˈlɛktɪv ˈɛfərts, hɔlt ðə ˈprɑˌgrɛs ˈmeɪkɪŋ ənd ˈəndərˌmaɪn ˌɪnˈvɛstmənts wi hæv made.”*.” ˈkɑmərs dɪˈpɑrtmənt riˈmuvd ˈsɛkʃuəl ˌɔriɛnˈteɪʃən ənd ˈʤɛndər aɪˈdɛntəˌti frəm ɪts ˈikwəl ɪmˈplɔɪmənt ˈpɑləsi, ˈoʊnli tɪ seɪ ðət ðeɪ wʊd ˈɔltər ðə ˈpɑləsi wɪn ðə ʧeɪnʤ keɪm tɪ laɪt. ˈdeɪvɪd mæk rɪˈpɔrts: dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈkɑmərs ˈaʊˌtreɪʤd grups baɪ riˈmuvɪŋ ˈsɛkʃuəl ˌɔriɛnˈteɪʃən ənd ˈʤɛndər aɪˈdɛntəˌti frəm ðə lɪst əv ˈkætəˌgɔriz ɪkˈsplɪsətli prəˈtɛktɪd frəm dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən ɪn ɪts ˈleɪtəst ˈikwəl ɪmˈplɔɪmənt ˌɑpərˈtunəti ˈsteɪtmənt. ˈæftər ðɪs ˈstɔri wɑz ˈpəblɪʃt, ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt ðɛn sɛd ɪt wʊd ðə ˈpɑləsi ðə nu ˈpɑləsi ˈsteɪtmənt wɑz ˈəˌploʊdɪd səm taɪm ɪn ðə læst 10 days.”*.” rɪk ˈɛnərʤi dɪˈpɑrtmənt ɪz ˈʃətərɪŋ ən ˈɔfəs ðət wərkt wɪθ ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈpɑrtnərz tɪ dɪˈvɛləp klin ˈɛnərʤi tɛkˈnɑləʤi. ðə nu jɔrk times’*’ bræd ˈplumər rɪˈpɔrts: 11 stæf ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈɔfəs əv ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈklaɪmɪt ənd tɛkˈnɑləʤi wər toʊld ðɪs mənθ ðət ðɛr pəˈzɪʃənz wər biɪŋ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪd, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈkɑrənt ənd ˈfɔrmər ˈeɪʤənsi ɪmˈplɔɪiz. ðə ˈɔfəs wɑz fɔrmd ɪn 2010 tɪ hɛlp ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts prəˈvaɪd ˈtɛknɪkəl ədˈvaɪs tɪ ˈəðər ˈneɪʃənz ˈsikɪŋ tɪ rɪˈdus ˈgrinˌhaʊs gæs ɪˈmɪʃənz. ðə smɔl ˈɔfəs ˈɔlsoʊ pleɪd ə lɛd roʊl pərˈpɛrɪŋ fər ðə ˈænjuəl klin ˈɛnərʤi ˌmɪnɪˈstiriəl, ə ˈfɔrəm ɪn wɪʧ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, ˈʧaɪnə, ˈɪndiə ənd ˈəðər ˈkəntriz ʃɛrd ˈɪnˌsaɪts ɔn haʊ bɛst tɪ prəˈmoʊt ˈɛnərʤi ɪˈfɪʃənsi, ɪˈlɛktrɪk ˈviɪkəlz ənd ˈəðər səˈluʃənz tɪ ˈklaɪmɪt change.”*.” hæf əv ðə ˈbɪznɪs ɪgˈzɛkjətɪvz æt ˈsiˌiˈoʊ ˈsəmɪt geɪv trəmp ə ˈfeɪlɪŋ greɪd fər hɪz pərˈfɔrməns soʊ fɑr. mæt ˈigən rɪˈpɔrts: ˈstənɪŋ 50 əv ðə ceos*, ˈbɪznɪs ˌɛgˈzɛks, ˈgəvərnmənt əˈfɪʃəlz ənd ˌækəˈdɛmɪks ˈsərˌveɪd æt ðə ˈænjuəl jeɪl ˈsiˌiˈoʊ ˈsəmɪt gɪv trəmp ən ‘‘f’*’ fər hɪz fərst 130 deɪz ɪn ˈɔfəs. ðə ˈsərˌveɪ, riˈlist ˈərliər ðɪs wik, faʊnd ðət əˈnəðər 21 gɪv trəmps pərˈfɔrməns ə ‘‘d’*’ soʊ fɑr. ʤɪst 1 əv ðə 125 ˈlidərz poʊld əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ˌbɪljəˈnɛr ən ‘‘a’*’ ðə jeɪl ˈfaɪndɪŋz ər ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈɛvədəns ðət səm ˈpɑkəts əv ðə ˈbɪznɪs kəmˈjunɪti ər groʊɪŋ dɪsɪnˈʧænɪd wɪθ trəmp ɛz hɪz ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ˈstrəgəlz tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt ɪts ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk əˈʤɛndə əˈmɪd ˈskændəl ənd missteps.”*.” fænz hoʊld əp saɪnz səˈpɔrtɪŋ stiv ˈskɑlaɪz ˈdʊrɪŋ læst naɪts geɪm. (ˈʤɑnəθən ˈwɔʃɪŋtən poʊst) deɪ tu ˈstɔriz ɔn ðə ˌæləgˈzændriə əˈtæk: ðə ˈʃutɪŋ həz ˈprɑmptɪd ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz tɪ θɪŋk məʧ mɔr ˈkɛrfəli əˈbaʊt ðɛr sɪˈkjʊrəti. ɛd oʊˈkif, maɪk ˈdɛbənɪs ənd ˈkɛlsi snɛl rɪˈpɔrt: ðə aʊərz ˈæftər ðə ˈʃutɪŋ, rɪˈpəblɪkənz ənd ˈdɛməˌkræts əˈlaɪk ˈstrəgəld tɪ riəˈsɛs ðɛr prəˈtɛkʃən ənd ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt wɪθ ðə ˈpəblɪk, ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə prəˈtɛktɪv ˈbəbəl əv ðə ˈkæpɪtəl. səm sɛd ðeɪ ʃʊd bi əˈlaʊd tɪ ˈkɛri ˈfaɪˌrɑrmz æt ɔl taɪmz ˈivɪn ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən, ə ˈsɪti wɪθ strɪkt gən kənˈtroʊlz. ˈəðərz prɛst tɔp ˈlidərz tɪ lɛt ðɛm juz ˈtækˌspeɪər fəndz tɪ sɪˈkjʊr ðɛr ˈpraɪvət hoʊmz. raɪən ənd pɛˈloʊsi dɪˈskəst ðə ˈɪʃu ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈmitɪŋ læst wik, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ eɪdz fəˈmɪljər wɪθ ðə tɔks, ənd ðɛr ɪz naʊ ə sɛns əv ˈərʤənsi tɪ meɪk ə dɪˈsɪʒən soon.”*.” ˈnænsi pɛˈloʊsi rɪˈspɑndɪd tɪ ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm əv ðə lɛft ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə ˈʃutɪŋ, ˈkleɪmɪŋ ðoʊz kənˈsərvətɪv ˈkrɪtɪks ““sanctimonious.”*.” ʃi sɛd ˈdʊrɪŋ hər ˈwikli nuz ˈkɑnfərəns ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ: ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt sɪz, 'aɪ kən ʃut ˈsəmˌbɑdi ɔn fɪθ ˈævəˌnu ənd ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi wʊd kɛr,' wɪn ju hæv ˈsəmˌbɑdi seɪ, 'bit ðɛm əp ənd aɪl peɪ ðɛr ˈligəl fiz,' wɪn ju hæv ɔl ðə əˈsɔlts ðət ər meɪd ɔn ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən fər ðɛm tɪ bi soʊ ˌsæŋktəˈmoʊniəs ɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət aɪ ˈrɪli æm ˈɔlˌmoʊst sæd ðət aɪ hæd tɪ goʊ daʊn ðɪs pæθ wɪθ ju bɪˈkəz aɪ doʊnt θɪŋk ɪts əˈproʊpriˌeɪt fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ hæv ðə ˈfʊləst dɪˈskəʃən əv it.”*.” lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt əˈfɪʃəlz swɔrmd dɛl reɪ ˈneɪbərˌhʊd ɛz ðeɪ wərkt tɪ pis təˈgɛðər ðə ˈfaɪnəl noʊˈmædɪk mənθs əv ˈgənmən ʤeɪmz ˈhɑʤkɪnsən, ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ əˈməŋ ˈəðər θɪŋz ˈwɛðər hi hæd əˈsɔlt ər ˈstədid ðə ˈmuvmənts əv ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz ɪn ðə mənθs hi spɛnt ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈnɪrˈbaɪ ɪn hɪz væn. ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ əˈfɪʃəlz sɛd ˈhɑʤkɪnsən hæd bɪn ə presence”*” ɪn ˈrisənt deɪz ɔn maʊnt ˈvərnən ˈævəˌnu, ðə meɪn kəˈmərʃəl strit θru ðə ˈneɪbərˌhʊd, tɑm ˈʤækmən ənd ˈpitər ˈhərmən rɪˈpɔrt. ən ˌɪnərˈæktɪv ɑrt ˈprɑʤɛkt ɪn dɛl reɪ. (pəˈtrɪʃə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən poʊst) ðə dɛl reɪ ˈneɪbərˌhʊd həz ˈbeɪgən ɪts ˈhilɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪn ə juˈnik weɪ: wɪθ ən ɑrt ˈprɑʤɛkt. pəˈtrɪʃə ˈsəlɪvən rɪˈpɔrts: mənθ, ɪn ðə deɪz ˌbiˈfɔr ə dɪsˈgrənəld mæn frəm ˌɪləˈnɔɪz brɔt ˈblədˌʃɛd tɪ ðə ballfield*, ˈnænsi ˈbɛlˌmɑnt lɔnʧt ‘‘soar,’*,’ ˈæskɪŋ pɑrˈtɪsəpənts tɪ raɪt ɔn smuð greɪ stoʊnz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈbərdənz ˈrɛdi tɪ drɔp, ənd ðɛn hæŋ ə ˈbraɪtli ˈkələrd ˈpeɪpər bərd tɪ ˈsɪmbəˌlaɪz ˈlaɪtnəs ənd ˈfridəm. ‘‘unfortunately*, ðə ˈtaɪmɪŋ ɪz good,’*,’ ˈbɛlˌmɑnt sɛd dɪz gɪv ˈpipəl ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ ˈoʊpən əp ənd bi together.’*.’ hər səˈplaɪ əv ənˈpeɪntɪd rɑks hæd dˈwɪndəld tɪ ə ˈkəpəl əv ˈdəzən baɪ ˈθərzˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋ, ɛz ˈpipəl ˈpeɪnɪd wərdz dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ ðɛr ˈbərdənz ‘‘shame’*’ ənd ‘‘aging’*’ ənd ‘‘anger’*’ ənd həŋ ˈpeɪpər kreɪnz nearby.”*.” ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz əˈpɑləˌʤaɪzd ənd ˈɪʃud ə kərˈɛkʃən tɪ ə ˌɛdəˈtɔriəl ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ, wɪʧ ˌɪnkərˈɛktli ˌɪmˈplaɪd ðət ðə mæn hu ʃɑt ˈgæbi ˈgɪfərdz ɪn 2011 wɑz ˌɪnˈspaɪərd baɪ ə mæp əv ɪˈlɛktərəl ˈdɪstrɪkts ʃɛrd baɪ ˈsɛrə pæk. ˈɑlɪvər ˈdɑrsi rɪˈpɔrts: "wɪr ˈsɑri əˈbaʊt ðɪs ənd wi əˈpriʃiˌeɪt ðət ɑr ˈridərz kɔld ˈjuˈɛs ɔn ðə mɪˈsteɪk," ðə taɪmz sɛd ɪn ə twit. "ðə ˌɛdəˈtɔriəl, ˈtaɪtəld ˈliθəl politics,’*,’ kleɪmd ðət ɪn ðə ˈʃutɪŋ əv [ˈskɑlaɪz] ðɛr wɑz saɪn əv ˌɪnˈsaɪtmənt ɛz dɪˈrɛkt ɛz ɪn ðə ˈgɪfərdz attack.’”*.’” ɑr mɪˈʃɛl jɛ hi li wɔrnz: fˈjuʧər ˈrɛfərənsɪz tɪ ðɪs ˈtɔkɪŋ pɔɪnt baɪ ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz ər pəˈlɪtɪkəl grups wɪl rɪˈsiv fɔr pinocchios.”*.” vˈlædəmɪr ˈputɪn wɔks ɪn ðə kəˈθidrəl skwɛr əv ðə ˈkrɛmlɪn. (əˈlɛkˌseɪ druzhinin/sputnik/ap*) ðɛr ɪz ə bɛr ɪn ðə wʊdz: ˈfeɪsɪŋ ə weɪv əv ˈpɑpjələr ənˈrɛst nɑt sin ɪn jɪrz, vˈlædəmɪr ˈputɪn tʊk tɪ ðə ˈɛrˌweɪvz ˈθərzˌdeɪ tɪ əˈʃʊr ˈsɪtɪzənz ðət ðɛr lɪvz wɪl bi ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈbɛtər. "ˈʤəʤɪŋ frəm ðə kˈwɛsʧənz ðə ˈkrɛmlɪn ˈlidər ˈfildɪd ˈoʊvər fɔr lɔŋ aʊərz, ˈrəʃənz ˈfilɪŋ ɪt," ˈdeɪvɪd rɪˈpɔrts frəm ˈmɔˌskaʊ. hi ædz ðət ˈputɪn ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, sɑrˈkæstɪkli səˈʤɛstɪŋ ðət kʊd rɪˈsiv "pəˈlɪtɪkəl əˈsaɪləm" ɪn ˈmɔˌskaʊ. "ɪt saʊnz ənd lʊks ˈvɛri streɪnʤ fər ðə hɛd əv ə ˈspɛʃəl ˈsərvɪs tɪ ˈrɛkərd ə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɪθ ðə kəˈmændər ɪn ʧif ənd ðɛn pæs ɪt tɪ ðə ˈmidiə θru hɪz frɛnd," ˈputɪn sɛd. "ənd haʊ ɪz ðə ˈɛfˈbiˈaɪ dɪˈrɛktər ˈdɪfərənt frəm (ˈɛdwərd) sˈnoʊdən ðɛn?" nuz ˈpəblɪʃt əˈnəðər rɪˈpɔrt ɔn səˈspɛktɪd ˈrəʃən əˌsæsəˈneɪʃənz ˈkɛrid aʊt ɔn ˈbrɪtɪʃ sɔɪl wɪʧ wər ˌɪgˈnɔrd baɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm: dɛd mæn wɑz skɑt jəŋ. ðə ˈwəˌtaɪm ˌməltiˌmɪljəˈnɛr ənd ˈfɪksər tɪ ðə hæd bɪn ˈtɛlɪŋ frɛndz, ˈfæməli, ənd ðə pəˈlis fər jɪrz ðət hi wɑz biɪŋ ˈtɑrgətɪd baɪ ə tim əv ˈrəʃən [ənd] wɑz ðə naɪnθ ɪn ə ˈsərkəl əv frɛndz ənd ˈbɪznɪs əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪts tɪ daɪ ɪn səˈspɪʃəs ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz. bət wɪn ðə pəˈlis ˈɛnərd hɪz ˈpɛnˌthaʊs ðət naɪt, ðeɪ ˈivɪn dəst fər ˈfɪŋgərˌprɪnts dɪˈklɛrd hɪz dɛθ ə ˈsuɪˌsaɪd ɔn ðə spɑt, ənd kloʊzd ðə keɪs. [ə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən] həz naʊ ənˈkəvərd ɪkˈsploʊsɪv ˈɛvədəns ˈpɔɪntɪŋ tɪ ˈrəʃə ðət ðə pəˈlis ˈoʊvərˌlʊkt. ə ˈmæsɪv troʊv əv ˈdɑkjəmənts, foʊn ˈrɛkərdz, ənd ˈsikrɪt rɪˈkɔrdɪŋz ʃoʊz jəŋ wɑz pɑrt əv ə ˈsərkəl əv naɪn mɛn, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈɛkˌsaɪld ˈoʊlɪˌgɑrk ˈbɔrɪs, hu ɔl daɪd səˈspɪʃəsli ɔn ˈbrɪtɪʃ sɔɪl ˈæftər ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈpaʊərfəl ˈɛnəmiz ɪn ˈrəʃə. ðə faɪlz rɪˈvil ðət jəŋ lɪvd ɪn ðə ˈʃæˌdoʊ əv ðə ˈrəʃən sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈsərvɪsɪz ənd ˈmɑfiə grups ˈæftər ˈfrəntɪŋ fər ə swɔrn ˈɛnəmi əv ðə steɪt ˈjuˈɛs ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns əˈfɪʃəlz ˈsəˌspɛkt ə ˈfərðər 13 ˈpipəl ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ənd eɪt ˈmɛmbərz əv hɪz ˈsərkəl hæv bɪn əˈsæsəˌneɪtəd ɔn ˈbrɪtɪʃ sɔɪl baɪ sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈsərvɪsɪz ər ˈmɑfiə grups, tu ˈfɔrsɪz ðət ˈsəmˌtaɪmz wərk ɪn ˈtændəm. jɛt ˈbrɪtɪʃ pəˈlis hæv ruld aʊt faʊl pleɪ ɪn ˈɛvəri læst case.”*.” ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ prɪˈvɛnt trəmp frəm kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ tɪ bi sɔft ɔn ˈmɔˌskaʊ, ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋli pæst ə bɪl ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ tɪ stɛp əp ˈsæŋkʃənz əˈgɛnst ˈrəʃə, dɪˈlɪvərɪŋ ə ʃɑrp rɪˈbjuk tɪ ˈpɑləsiz təˈwɔrd ˈjʊrəp. kərun dɪˈmərʤiən rɪˈpɔrts: ˈmɛʒər, wɪʧ ˈsɛnətərz pæst baɪ ə voʊt əv 98 tɪ 2 ˌɪnˈkludz nu ˈsæŋkʃənz əˈgɛnst ˈmɔˌskaʊ ˈoʊvər ɪts kənˈtɪnjud ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt ɪn ðə wɔrz ɪn juˈkreɪn ənd ˈsɪriə ənd fər ɪts əˈlɛʤd ˈmɛdəlɪŋ ɪn ðə 2016 ɪˈlɛkʃən. ˈsɛnətərz strək ə dil ðɪs wik tɪ ˌɪnˈklud ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ˈstɪfənɪŋ ˈmɛʒərz əˈgɛnst [ˈrəʃə] ɪn ən ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ bɪl ˌɪntrəˈdusɪŋ nu ˈmɛʒərz tɪ ˈpənɪʃ ˌteɪˈrɑn fər bəˈlɪstɪk ˈmɪsəlz. ˈkrɪtɪkəli, ðə ˈrəʃə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkludɪd prəˈvɪʒənz ˈkoʊdəˌfaɪɪŋ ɔl ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈsæŋkʃənz əˈgɛnst ˈrəʃə ənd ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈkɑŋgrəs ðə paʊər tɪ blɑk ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪf hi traɪz tɪ skeɪl bæk ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ wənz ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˈædɪd wən mɔr ˈtæsɪt ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm əv ˈfɔrən ˈpɑləsi tɪ ðə bɪl: ən əˈmɛndmənt ˌriəˈfərmɪŋ ðə kəˈmɪtmənt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts tɪ ˈneɪtoʊ ənd ɪts mˈjuʧuəl dɪˈfɛns ˌɑbləˈgeɪʃənz tɪ ˈəðər ˈkəntriz ɪn ðə alliance.”*.” ðə nu wərld ˈɔrdər: ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈprɑməst ðət ˈfɔrən ˈlidərz bi æt ˈjuˈɛs anymore”*” ɪf hi wən, bət mɔr ənd mɔr ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈlidərz ər ˈoʊpənli ˈrɪdəˌkjulɪŋ ɪm ənd ˈmeɪkɪŋ ʤoʊks æt hɪz ɪkˈspɛns. ˈdeɪvɪd nɑkɑˈmʊrə ənd æn ˈgɪrən rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ðə ˈtroʊlɪŋ trɛnd: wərld ˈlidərz əˈpɪr ɛmˈboʊldənd tɪ poʊk fən æt ɪm ɛz ə weɪ tɪ ˈboʊlstər ðɛr pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈstændɪŋ. tɪ ə dɪˈgri, ðə ˈstrætəʤi ɪz ˈsɪmələr tɪ wən ɪmˈplɔɪd baɪ ˈdɛməˌkræts, səˈlɛbrɪtiz ənd səm rɪˈpəblɪkənz hu hæv ˈkælkjəˌleɪtɪd ðət ˈmɑkɪŋ trəmp kən bust ðɛr popularity.”*.” ɔˈstreɪljə, praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈmælkəm ˈtərnˌbʊl hu spɑrd wɪθ trəmp ɪn ə ˈtɛsti foʊn kɔl ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri, ðɪs wik ˈtritɪd ə ˈgælə tɪ ə ˌɪmpərsəˈneɪʃən əv 'ðə ˈdɑnəld rɪˈfərɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈrəʃə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ənd ɪmˈplɔɪɪŋ ðə ˈfeɪməs catchphrases*." ə ˌɪmpərsəˈneɪʃən əv 'ðə ˈdɑnəld fræns, nu ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪˈmænjuəl ənˈveɪld ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ˈtaɪtəld 'meɪk ɑr ˈplænət greɪt əˈgɛn' ənd ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd juz. ˈsaɪəntɪsts tɪ muv ðɛr, ə wik ˈæftər trəmp wɪθˈdru ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts frəm ðə ˈpɛrɪs ˈklaɪmɪt accord.”*.” ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ, ˈfɔrmər ˈprɛzɪdənt viˈʧɛnti fɑks ˈpoʊstɪd ə proʊˈfeɪn ˈvɪdioʊ ɔn ˈjuˌtub, ˈmɑkɪŋ teɪst fər ˈtɑkoʊ boʊlz nɑt ˈivɪn mexican!’*!’) ənd ˈbɔrdər wɔlz wɪl nɑt pay’*’) ðət həz bɪn vjud ˈnɪrli hæf ə ˈmɪljən times.”*.” θri ˈkæbənət ˈsɛkrəˌtɛriz ənd maɪk pɛns ˈtrævəld tɪ ə ˈkɑnfərəns ɪn maɪˈæmi tɪ mit wɪθ ˈsɛntrəl əˈmɛrɪkən ˈlidərz ənd dɪˈskəs ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk dɪˈvɛləpmənt ɪn ðə ˈriʤən, dɪˈspaɪt prəˈpoʊzd kəts ɪn ˈfɔrən eɪd. ˈkɛrəl mərˈɛloʊ ənd ˈfɪlɪp ˈrəkər rɪˈpɔrt: ˈtuˌdeɪ ˈkɑnfərəns ɔn prɑˈspɛrəti ənd sɪˈkjʊrəti ɪn ˈsɛntrəl əˈmɛrɪkə, wɪʧ ɪz biɪŋ baɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ənd ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ, rɪˈflɛkts ðə trəmp ʃɪft əˈweɪ frəm ðə ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ˈfɪksɪŋ ˈsoʊʃəl ˈprɑbləmz tɪ mɔr ˌɪˈmiˌdiət lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ˈɪʃuz, səʧ ɛz ˌɪˈligəl ˌɪməˈgreɪʃən ənd drəg ˈtræfɪkɪŋ ɪn səm weɪz, ðə ˈmɛsɪʤ ənd daɪˈnæmɪk ər ˈsɪmələr tɪ ðə toʊn æt læst ˈmitɪŋ əv ˈneɪtoʊ ɪn ˈbrəsəlz, wɛr ˈprɛzɪdənt trəmp ˈpraɪvətli ənd ˈpəblɪkli ərʤd ˈlidərz tɪ spɛnd mɔr ˈməni ɔn ðɛr oʊn dɪˈfɛns. steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt əˈfɪʃəlz seɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts wɔnts ˈəðər ˈkəntriz ˌɪmˈpæktɪd baɪ nɑrˈkɑtɪks floʊɪŋ frəm ˈsɛntrəl əˈmɛrɪkə ənd ˈmɛksəˌkoʊ ˈpɑsəbli ˈkænədə ənd ˈkəntriz ɪn ˈjʊrəp ənd ˈeɪʒə tɪ meɪk əp æt list səm əv ðə ˈʃɔrtˌfɔl ɪn juz. ˈfɔrən eɪd tɪ ðə region.”*.” suˈdæn həz ækˈsɛlərˌeɪtɪd ɪts d.c*. ˈlɑbiɪŋ ˈprɛzəns ɛz ðə ˈkəntri əˈtɛmpts tɪ gɪt ɪts ˈsæŋkʃənz ˈlɪftɪd. nɪk ˈwɔdəmz ənd ˈʤɛnəfər ˈʤeɪkəbz rɪˈpɔrt: ˈgəvərnmənt əv ˈprɛzɪdənt wɪʧ ɪz ˈlɪstɪd baɪ ðə juz. ɛz ə steɪt ˈspɑnsər əv ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm həz haɪərd ˈwɔʃɪŋtən lɔ fərm skwaɪr ˈpætən bɔgz æt ə kɔst əv ə mənθ tɪ ˈlɑbi ɔn ɪts bɪˈhæf ɛz pɑrt əv ɪts ækˈsɛlərˌeɪtɪŋ kæmˈpeɪn tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈdɑnəld trəmp ˈpərmɑˌnɛnˌtli lɪfts ˈsæŋkʃənz əˈgɛnst ðə ˈkəntri əˈhɛd əv ə ˈdɛˌdlaɪn nɛkst mənθ, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə ˈfaɪlɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈʤəstɪs dɪˈpɑrtmənt. ˈəndər ən ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈɔrdər saɪnd baɪ ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri, ə ˈtɛmpərˌɛri ˈizɪŋ əv ˈsæŋkʃənz əˈgɛnst suˈdæn wʊd bi meɪd ˈpərmɑˌnɛnt ˈæftər sɪks mənθs ɪf ˌkɑrˈtum səˈsteɪnz ˈprɑˌgrɛs ɪn faɪv ki ˈɛriəz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈhɛlpɪŋ ðə juz. ɪn ðə faɪt əˈgɛnst terror.”*.” ə ˈdɛdli bleɪz kənˈsumz ˈləndənz ˈgrɛnfəl taʊər. ˈmɛlvɪl) ˈhaɪˌlaɪts: ə ˈtræʤədi ˈmɛni sɔ ɛz prɪˈvɛntəbəl, ˈləndən faɪər sərˈvaɪvərz vɛnt ðɛr anger,”*,” baɪ ˈkɑrlə ˈædəm ənd grɪf wɪt: ˈfaɪərˌfaɪtərz kənˈtɪnjud tɪ sərʧ ðə həl əv ðə ˈgrɛnfəl taʊər wɛr fleɪmz wər stɪl ˈvɪzəbəl [tu deɪz] ˈæftər ðə fərst ˈpænɪkt ˈimərʤənsi kɔlz dɪˈspleɪst ˈrɛzɪdənts ɔn ðə strits bɪˈloʊ dɪˈmændɪd ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən rikˈwaɪərɪŋ ðət ˈeɪʤɪŋ ˈpəblɪk bi ˈrɛˌtroʊˌfɪtɪd wɪθ ˈsprɪŋkələr ˈsɪstəmz ənd ˈməltəpəl ˈstɛrˌwɛlz wɪʧ wər ˈlækɪŋ æt ˈgrɛnfəl taʊər. əˈθɔrətiz sɛd ðə dɛθ toʊl kʊd goʊ fɑr haɪər ɛz sərʧ kruz wərk θru ðə ˈrɛkɪʤ əv ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ ˈrɪli hoʊp ðə ˈnəmbər əv fəˈtælɪtiz dɪz nɑt riʧ ˈtrɪpəl figures,’*,’ sɛd wən pəˈlis official.”*.” ˈmɛmbər ɑriˈænə ˈhəfɪŋtən teɪks ˈprɑmənənt roʊl ɪn ˈɛfərts tɪ ˈstɛdi uber,”*,” baɪ kreɪg ənd braɪən fəŋ: ˈmɛni sɔ ə ˈkəmpəˌni ðət ɪgˈzɛmpləˌfaɪd ðə wərst əv ðə tɛk ‘‘bro’*’ ˈkəlʧər, ˈhəfɪŋtən hæd kənˈkludɪd ðət ðɛr wɑz ən əˈdɪʃənəl ˈrizən fər ðə ˈræmpənt ˈsɛkʃuəl hərˈæsmənt ənd ˈəðər ˌənprəˈfɛʃənəl ˈkɑndəkt ˌriˈpɔrtəd æt ðə ˈkəmpəˌni: ə ˈbæləns gɔn dɪˈzæstrəsli əraɪ. ʃi hæd ˈpəblɪkli wɔrnd əv ðə ˈdeɪnʤərz əv ˈkɑdəlɪŋ jerks’*’ æt ˈubər, bət ʃi ˈɔlsoʊ ˈwərid ðət ˈubər ənd ˈsɪləkən ˈvæli ˈʤɛnərəli hæd dɪˈvɛləpt wət ʃi kɔld ə ˈkəlʧər fjuəld baɪ burnout.’”*.’” ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə spid rɛd: ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt əˈgɛn tʊk tɪ tˈwɪtər tɪ ˈkrɪtɪˌsaɪz ðə ˈrəʃə proʊbz ənd rɪˈvaɪv ən oʊld ˈraɪvəlri: ðeɪ meɪd əp ə ˈfoʊni kəˈluʒən wɪθ ðə ˈrəʃənz ˈstɔri, faʊnd ˈziroʊ pruf, soʊ naʊ ðeɪ goʊ fər əbˈstrəkʃən əv ˈʤəstɪs ɔn ðə ˈfoʊni ˈstɔri. nis ˈdɑnəld ʤeɪ. trəmp (@realdonaldtrump*) ʤun 15 2017 ju ər ˈwɪtnəsɪŋ ðə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈgreɪtəst wɪʧ hənt ɪn əˈmɛrɪkən pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈhɪstəri lɛd baɪ səm ˈvɛri bæd ənd kənˈflɪktɪd ˈpipəl! ˈdɑnəld ʤeɪ. trəmp (@realdonaldtrump*) ʤun 15 2017 waɪ ɪz ðət ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntənz ˈfæməli ənd ˈdilɪŋz wɪθ ˈrəʃə ər nɑt lʊkt æt, bət maɪ ər? ˈdɑnəld ʤeɪ. trəmp (@realdonaldtrump*) ʤun 15 2017 ˈkrʊkəd eɪʧ dɪˈstrɔɪd foʊnz ˈdəbəlju/ ˈhæmər, 'bliʧt' iˈmeɪlz, hæd ˈhəzbənd mit deɪz ˌbiˈfɔr ʃi wɑz klɪrd- ðeɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt əbˈstrəkʃən? ˈdɑnəld ʤeɪ. trəmp (@realdonaldtrump*) ʤun 15 2017 trəmps ˌækjəˈzeɪʃənz rɪˈsivd ə bust frəm wən əv hɪz moʊst ˈɑrdənt səˈpɔrtərz: mˈjulər ɪz ˈsɛtɪŋ əp ə ˈdrægˌnɛt əv əbˈstrəkʃən, ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl kˈwɛsʧənz ənd ˈɛvəri ˈæˌspɛkt əv trəmps laɪf ənd hɪz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪts ˈdeɪnʤərəs nut ˈgɪŋgrɪʧ (@newtgingrich*) ʤun 15 2017 bət ˈmɛni ˈəðərz ˈkrɪtəˌsaɪzd boʊθ trəmp ənd ˈgɪŋgrɪʧ fər ˈspɛʃəl ˈkaʊnsəl bɑb neɪm: mˈjulər wɑz ə ˈdɛkərˌeɪtɪd mərˈin ˈɔfɪsər, kəˈmændɪd ə ˈraɪfəl pləˈtun ɪn viˌɛtˈnɑm, brɑnz stɑr ənd ˈpərpəl hɑrt rɪˈsɪpiənt. ɪz hi ə ““bad”*” ˈpərsən? (@braddjaffy*) ʤun 15 2017 haʊ dɛr ju smɪr ə mæn hu sərvd ðɪs ˈkəntri ˈɑnərəbli fər ˈdɛkeɪdz ɪn boʊθ wɔr ənd pis, ˈwɪnɪŋ ðə brɑnz stɑr ənd ˈpərpəl hɑrt. ʤoʊ ˈskɑrˌbəroʊ (@joenbc*) ʤun 15 2017 nut, ˌwəˈtɛvər ju θɪŋk jʊr ˈgɪtɪŋ ɪn rɪˈtərn fər ən əˈmɛrɪkən ˈhɪroʊ, aɪ ˌgɛrənˈti ju ɪts nɑt wərθ ɪt. stɑp. ʤoʊ ˈskɑrˌbəroʊ (@joenbc*) ʤun 15 2017 "bɑb mˈjulər ɪz ə mæn əv ə wɪʧ hənt" ɔn mɑrk ˈhælpərɪn (@markhalperin*) ʤun 15 2017 ə "bæd gaɪ"? hir ɪz ðə ˈpæsɪʤ frəm maɪ bʊk, θrɛt ˈmeɪtrɪks, dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ haʊ bɑb mˈjulər ərnd ə ˈpərpəl hɑrt ɛz ə mərˈin ɪn viˌɛtˈnɑm: ˈgɛrɪt ɛm. græf (@vermontgmg*) ʤun 15 2017 fɔr wiks əˈgoʊ ˈgɪŋgrɪʧ kɔld mˈjulər "sʊˈpərb ʧɔɪs" fər ˈspɛʃəl ˈkaʊnsəl ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən fər ˌɪnˈtɛgrəti ʤɑn ˈhɑrˌwʊd (@johnjharwood*) ʤun 15 2017 ˈəðərz ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt ðə ɑd ˈtaɪmɪŋ əv ðə ˈprɛzɪdənts: waɪ dɪd ʤɪst twit əˈbaʊt ðə əbˈstrəkʃən ˈstɔri? ˈpɑsəbli tɪ ˈbæləns aʊt hɪz ˈvɛri ˈjunəˌfaɪɪŋ, ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl deɪ ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ. ˈdeɪvɪd ɛm. ˈdrəkər (@davidmdrucker*) ʤun 15 2017 ˈɪzənt ðɪs ən ənˈjuˌʒuəl aʊər əv ðə deɪ fər ðiz meltdowns*? hi məst hæv gɔn əpˈstɛrz fər ən ˌæftərˈnun næp ˈdeɪvɪd frəm (@davidfrum*) ʤun 15 2017 ə fju tʊk ɪt ɛz ə saɪn əv dɪˈstrɛs: ðə moʊst ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən ðət ðə raɪt ɪz ˈrənɪŋ skɛrd ɪz wɪn ðeɪ tərn θɪŋz bæk tɪ fɔls əˈtæks ɔn ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən. nɪk ˈmɛrəl (@nickmerrill*) ʤun 15 2017 jʊr fɪr teɪsts dɪˈlɪʃəs. rɪk ˈwɪlsən (@therickwilson*) ʤun 15 2017 ðə dəˈbeɪt kənˈtɪnjud dɪˈspaɪt ˈmɛni kənˈsumɪŋ ˈhɛˌdlaɪnz. frəm ə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk həˈwaɪˌi ˈsɛnətər: ðə 13 djudz hu ər ˈsikrɪtli ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ teɪk əˈweɪ jʊr ˈhɛlθˌkɛr mɛt əˈgɛn təˈdeɪ. ðeɪ hæv bɪl tɛkst. laɪt əp ðə foʊnz. braɪən ʃæts (@brianschatz*) ʤun 15 2017 rɪˈpɔrtər æsks wəts ɪn ˈsɛnɪt hɛlθ bɪl, seɪɪŋ ˈpəblɪk ˈdəzənt noʊ. "wɛl ʤɔɪn ðə kraʊd. əm ɪn ðə seɪm ˈkætəˌgɔri," sɪz ˈɔrɪn hæʧ. ˈkæpər (@sahilkapur*) ʤun 15 2017 ðə ˈæbsəns əv rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. stiv ˈskɑlaɪz, stɪl ɪn ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, həŋ ˈhɛvəli ˈoʊvər ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈbeɪsˈbɔl geɪm: θæŋks tɪ fər ˈsɛndɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs hæts fər təˈnaɪts geɪm. wi wɪl wɛr ðɛm ˈpraʊdli fər ɑr frɛnd! maɪk ˈbɪʃəp (@repmikebishop*) ʤun 15 2017 ə ˈspɛʃəl ɪn ˈɑnər əv maɪ frɛnd. bi mɪst ɔn ðə fild təˈnaɪt ənd rɪˈmeɪnz ɪn ɑr θɔts ənd prɛrz. rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv ˈsɛdrɪk ˈrɪʧmənd (@reprichmond*) ʤun 15 2017 ˈdɛməˌkræts rɪˈpəblɪkənz ɔn ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈwɪmənz ˈsɔfˌbɔl tim preɪɪŋ fər ðoʊz rɪˈkəvərɪŋ frəm ˈjɛstərˌdeɪz əˈtæk. rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ˈʃɛri ˈbəstoʊz (@repcheri*) ʤun 15 2017 əm ˈwɛrɪŋ maɪ boʊ taɪ təˈdeɪ ɪn ˈɑnər əv maɪ frɛnd, hu rɪˈmeɪnz ɪn ˈkrɪtɪkəl kənˈdɪʃən. pliz preɪ fər ɪm. rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv rɪk ˈkrɔfərd (@reprickcrawford*) ʤun 15 2017 ˈspɔrtɪŋ ən hæt fər təˈnaɪts geɪm ɪn ˈɑnər əv maɪ frɛnd. rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ʤɛf ˈdəŋkən (@repjeffduncan*) ʤun 15 2017 wɪr ɔl ˈpʊlɪŋ fər ju, rɪˈpəblɪkənz ənd ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk əˈlaɪk ʤɛf fleɪk (@jeffflake*) ʤun 15 2017 mæt ˈmikə, ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɪnʤərd ɪn ˈjɛstərˌdeɪz əˈtæk, wɑz ˈɑnərd: təˈnaɪt ðə mi ˌdɛləˈgeɪʃən ənd stæf wɪl wɛr waɪt ˈrɪbənz fər ɑr frɛnd ˈfɛloʊ michigander*, mæt ˈmikə. ˈhoʊpɪŋ fər ə ˈspiˌdi rɪˈkəvəri. maɪk ˈbɪʃəp (@repmikebishop*) ʤun 15 2017 ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz ənd ˈspɛkteɪtərz ˈgæðərd ɪn ˈjunɪti tɪ pleɪ bɔl, ɛz plænd: ɑr kəˈpæsɪti fər kəmˈpæʃən ˈɪzənt dɪˈtərmənd baɪ ˈpɑrti. aɪ lʊk ˈfɔrwərd tɪ pleɪɪŋ ˈdəbəlju/ maɪ ˈkɑligz təˈnaɪt, ənd preɪ fər ðoʊz hu kænt. maɪk dɔɪl (@usrepmikedoyle*) ʤun 15 2017 noʊ ˈbɛtər weɪ tɪ ˈsɛləˌbreɪt əˈmɛrɪkə ðən ˈbeɪsˈbɔl! ˈwɪʃɪŋ ðə pleɪərz ənd fænz ə greɪt təˈnaɪt. (@sendansullivan*) ʤun 15 2017 gɑd blɛs əˈmɛrɪkə ˈsuzən ˈdəbəlju. brʊks (@susanwbrooks*) ʤun 15 2017 rɪˈpəblɪkənz ˈhədəl ɔn ðə fild ðə geɪm. lɔt əv ðɛm ˈbætəlɪŋ ˈiˌmoʊʃən raɪt naʊ, ə frɑg ɪn ðɛr θroʊts, 1 sɛd ˈreɪʧəl beɪd (@rachaelmbade*) ʤun 15 2017 bɪn æt næts geɪmz wɪθ sˈmɔlər kraʊdz. juʤ ˈtərˌnaʊt əv səˈpɔrt æt kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈbeɪsˈbɔl geɪm. kɑrl həls (@hillhulse*) ʤun 16 2017 taɪ ˈɔfɪsər ˈdeɪvɪd ˈbeɪli fər jʊr kərɪʤ, jʊr ˈsɛlfləsnɪs, ənd ðə ɪgˈzæmpəl ju sɛt. rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ˈʧɑrli dɛnt (@repcharliedent*) ʤun 16 2017 preɪ ˌbiˈfɔr ðə. ðɪs ˈæˌkʧuəli ˈhæpənz mɔr ðən moʊst əˈmɛrɪkənz noʊ. glæd ðə ˈneɪʃən kʊd ʤɔɪn ðɪs wən sɛn. ʤeɪmz ˈlæŋkfərd (@senatorlankford*) ʤun 15 2017 ɪts ə greɪt baɪˈpɑrtɪzən trəˈdɪʃən aɪ lʊk ˈfɔrwərd tɪ ˈɛvəri jɪr rɔl ruiz (@congressmanruiz*) ʤun 15 2017 trəmp meɪd ən əˈpɪrəns: bɪg θæŋks tɪ fər ˈkəmɪŋ aʊt tɪ səˈpɔrt ðə! ˈdɛnɪs rɔs (@repdennisross*) ʤun 15 2017 greɪt tɪ si soʊ ˈmɛni ˈkəmɪŋ təˈgɛðər tɪ ˈɑnər ˈvɪktɪmz ənd ˈhɪroʊz frəm ˈjɛstərˌdeɪz ˈtræʤədi, səˈpɔrt ˈʧɛrɪti ənd pleɪ bɔl ə poʊst ʃɛrd baɪ trəmp (@ivankatrump*) ɔn ʤən 15 2017 æt ə ənd ə ˈwaɪldˌkæt baɪˈpɑrtəzənˌʃɪp æt ɪts ˈfaɪnəst fər ðə rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ˈkɛvɪn ˈjoʊdər (@repkevinyoder*) ʤun 15 2017 kənˈgræts tɪ ðə ˈdɛməˌkræts ɔn ə wɪn təˈnaɪt, ənd θæŋks tɪ ðoʊz hu keɪm ənd hɛlpt ˈjuˈɛs reɪz ə ˈrɛkərd ˈmɪljən fər ˈʧɛrɪti. ʤɛf fleɪk (@jeffflake*) ʤun 16 2017 gʊd ridz frəm ˈɛlsˌwɛr: pəˈlɪtɪˌkoʊ, ˈsaɪrənz bleɪz ˈoʊvər ˈʤɔrʤə ˈspɛʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən," baɪ ˈæləks isenstadt*: “[“[republicans*] ər pərˈpɛrɪŋ fər ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv ən əˈnərvɪŋ dɪˈfit ðət kʊd spər ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz tɪ ˈdɪstəns ðɛmˈsɛlvz frəm trəmp ənd hɪz ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv əˈʤɛndə wən ˈpraɪvət ˈpɑrti poʊl [ʃoʊz] ˈdɛməˌkræt ʤɑn ˈoʊpənɪŋ əp ə mɔr ðən lɛd ɪn ðə republican-oriented*, səˈbərbən æˈtlæntə sit. ˈluzɪŋ ˈəpər ˈmɪdəl klæs, səˈbərbən sits ɪn ðə saʊθ tɪ ə prəˈgrɛsɪv ˈlɪˌbərəl, wi wʊd bi ˈfulɪʃ nɑt tɪ bi ˈdipli kənˈsərnd əˈbaʊt ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti ðət wʊd ɪgˈzɪst fər ə ˈtaɪdəl weɪv ɪˈlɛkʃən fər ˈdɛməˌkræts ɪn sɛd ʧɪp leɪk, ə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈstrætɪʤɪst ənd ˈfɔrmər ˈkæpɪtəl hɪl ʧif əv stæf ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈʃoʊldərz səm əv ðə bleɪm fər ðə prɪˈdɪkəmənt feɪd ɪn ðə poʊlz həz ˌkoʊənˈsaɪdəd wɪθ ðə ˈræʧətɪŋ əp əv troubles.”*.” ðə nu ˈjɔrkər, trəmp ɔn hɪz birthday,”*,” baɪ ˈkoʊlɪn ˈmɔɪnɪhæn: taʊər noʊ ˈlɔŋgər əˈtrækts ðə ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈproʊˌtɛstərz hu ˈgæðərd ɔn fɪθ ˈævəˌnu ɪn ðə deɪz ˈæftər ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən, bət [səm] hæv kənˈtɪnjud tɪ juz ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ ɛz ə ˈsɛtɪŋ fər kˈwaɪətər fɔrmz əv ˈproʊˌtɛst [ˈmɛni əv wɪʧ] teɪk pleɪs ɔn ən ˈaʊtˌdɔr ˈtɛrəs, wɪʧ ɪz wən əv ˈsɛvərəl ˈpraɪvətli oʊnd ˈpəblɪk ˈspeɪsɪz [wɪˈθɪn ˈbɪldɪŋ]. wi ˈriəˌlaɪzd wi kʊd skul ɪm ˌɪnˈsaɪd əv hɪz oʊn hoʊm, ɪt simd laɪk ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti ðət wɑz tu gʊd tɪ pæs up,’*,’ [wən ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzər] sɛd. ɪn ðə pæst fju wiks, hi ənd tu ˈəðər ˈæktɪvɪsts hæv kriˈeɪtɪd ə wɛb saɪt, #taketrumptower*, wɪʧ prəˈmoʊts ə ˈsɪriz əv dɪˈrɛkt ˈækʃənz ˈjutəˌlaɪz ðə ˈskaɪˌskreɪpər ɛz ə ˈlɪvɪŋ læb fər kriˈeɪtɪv ˌdɛmənˈstreɪʃən ənd ˌɪnˈvaɪts grups tɪ səbˈmɪt ɪˈvɛnts tɪ ˌɪnˈklud ɔn ə ˈkæləndər. ˈlɪstɪd soʊ fɑr ər ðə ˈwikli rɪˈzɪstəns ˈridɪŋz, ˈjoʊgə ˈsɛʃənz, mɛnt tɪ hɛlp prɪˈvɛnt ˈbərˌnaʊt fər ðoʊz pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪŋ ɪn ˈlɔŋˈtərm pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈæktɪˌvɪzəm, ənd ə ˈməltiˌpɑrt pərˈfɔrməns, ˈskɛʤʊld tɪ ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪd wɪθ trəmps birthday.”*.” ðə əˈtlæntɪk, war,”*,” baɪ məˈkeɪ ˈkɑpɪnz: sɪns [məkˈmələn] kwɪt hɪz ʤɑb ɛz ə ˈpɑləsi wɑnk ɔn ˈkæpɪtəl hɪl læst jɪr tɪ lɔnʧ ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl bɪd ˈəndər ðə ˈnɛvər trəmp ˈbænər, hi həz bɪn lɑkt ɪn ˈbætəl wɪθ trəmp ənd hɪz səˈpɔrtərz. ɔn ˈɛni ˈgɪvɪn deɪ, hi kən bi faʊnd ɔn ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn ˈræliɪŋ vjuərz tɪ rɪˈzɪst ðə əˈtæks ɔn ˈsɪstəm əv government,’*,’ ər ɪn ðə nu jɔrk taɪmz ˈwɔrnɪŋ əv ˈpɑsəbəl dɪˈsɛnt ˈɪntu ˈdɛspəˌtɪzəm, ər ɔn ril taɪm wɪθ bɪl mɑr dɪˈteɪlɪŋ ðə ˈdeɪnʤərz əv ðə kəˈmændər ɪn ‘‘bewildering’*’ ˈfɔrən ˈpɑləsi. ðə ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈmidiə blɪts həz nɑt ɪˈskeɪpt ðə əˈtɛnʃən əv trəmp hɪmˈsɛlf, hu həz kɔld məkˈmələn ‘‘mcmuffin.’”*.’” hɑt ɔn ðə lɛft bɪˈkəmz fərst steɪt tɪ æd θərd ˈʤɛndər tɪ licenses,”*,” frəm ˈɛnˌbiˈsi nuz: bɪˈkeɪm ðə fərst steɪt ɪn juz. ˈhɪstəri ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ tɪ ˈɔfər mɔr ðən tu ˈʤɛndər ˈɔpʃənz ɔn aɪˈdɛntəˌti ˈdɑkjəmənts, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈdraɪvərz ˈlaɪsənsɪz, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt ðə fərst tɪ ˈligəli ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪz, ənd ˈpipəl ɔn ˈaɪˈdi kɑrdz. wɪn ðə rule…*… goʊz ˈɪntu ˈifɛkt ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 3 ˈɔrəˌgɑn ˈrɛzɪdənts wɪl hæv ðə ˈɔpʃən tɪ ʧuz əˈməŋ θri ˈʤɛndər ˈkætəˌgɔriz wɪn əˈplaɪɪŋ fər ˈdraɪvərz ˈlaɪsənsɪz ər steɪt ˈaɪˈdi kɑrdz: meɪl, ˈfiˌmeɪl ənd ‘‘x’*’ fər ər unspecified.”*.” hɑt ɔn ðə raɪt faɪərd æt trək wɪθ 'meɪk əˈmɛrɪkə greɪt əˈgɛn' flæg ɪn indiana,”*,” frəm ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ɪgˈzæmənər: steɪt pəˈlis sɛd ə ˌʃɛvroʊˈleɪ ˈmæləbu wɪθ luˌiziˈænə ˈlaɪsəns pleɪts pʊld əp nɛkst tɪ ðə trək əˈlɔŋ ɪn ˌɪndiəˈnæpəlɪs ənd ə meɪl ˈpæsənʤər ˈpɔɪntɪd ə ˈhændˌgən aʊt ðə ˈwɪndoʊ ənd faɪərd "ˈsɛvərəl ʃɑts" æt ðə blu 2001 dɑʤ ˈpɪˌkəp trək. noʊ ˈɪnʤəriz wər ˌriˈpɔrtəd. ðə trək wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈspleɪɪŋ ən əˈmɛrɪkən flæg əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə əˈmɛrɪkə greɪt again’*’ flag.”*.” daybook*: ˈprɛzɪdənt trəmp wɪl ˈtrævəl tɪ maɪˈæmi tɪ gɪv ə spiʧ ənd saɪn ə nu ˈpɑləsi ɔn juz. riˈleɪʃənz wɪθ ˈkjubə. hil rɪˈtərn tɪ ðə waɪt haʊs ˈleɪtər ɪn ðə deɪ. vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt pɛns wɪl əˈkəmpəni ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt tɪ maɪˈæmi ənd ðɛn flaɪ tɪ ˌɪndiəˈnæpəlɪs fər ən ɪˈvɛnt wɪθ ðə greɪt əˈmɛrɪkə kəˈmɪti. kwoʊt əv ðə deɪ: ˈwɔʃɪŋtən fri ˈbikən ˈɛdɪtər mæt sɛd ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ ɔn ˈdeɪli, "wɪr ˈmuvɪŋ frəm ə ˌriˈæləˌti ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈprɛzɪdənsi tɪ ə kɔrt ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈprɛzɪdənsi." nuz ju kən juz ɪf ju lɪv ɪn d.c*.: haɪz wɪl bi ɪn ðə təˈdeɪ wɪθ ə ʧæns əv ˈθəndərˌstɔrmz ɪn ðə ˈərli ˈivnɪŋ, ðə ˈkæpɪtəl ˈwɛðər gæŋ ˈfɔrˌkæsts: ə ˈməgi stɑrt, ˈmeɪbi səm ˈpæʧi ˈdrɪzəl stɪl əraʊnd ˈərli, wɪθ ˈbrizɪz əraʊnd 5 ˈɛmˈpiˈeɪʧ stərɪŋ ðə ɛr sˈlaɪtli. ˈəndər ˈpɑrtli tɪ ˈmoʊstli ˈklaʊdi skaɪz, wi gɪt əp tɪ ðə fər haɪz. nɑt kwaɪt hɑt. wi meɪ bi fər məʧ əv ðə deɪ, ənˈtɪl reɪn ˈʧænsɪz əraɪv əˈgɛn baɪ rəʃ aʊər ɛz ˈθəndərˌstɔrmz ˈpɑsəbli roʊl θru ˈjuˈɛs ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˌæftərˈnun ˈɪntu ðə ˈivnɪŋ hours.”*.” ðə ˈnæʃənəlz bit ðə mɛts wɪθ gɑnˈzɑləz ˈpɪʧɪŋ. bət, bət, bət: nationals’*’ ˈbʊlˌpɛn ɪz wən əv ðə wərst sɪns 1980 ənd ˈkloʊzər ɪz ðə list əv ɪts problems,”*,” nil ˈgrinbərg ˈɑrgjuz. vərˈʤɪnjə gəv. ˈtɛri məˈkɔləf (di) wɪl hænd ˈoʊvər ə lɪst əv kənˈvɪktəd ˈfɛlənz huz ˈvoʊtɪŋ raɪts hi rɪˈstɔrd tɪ ˈsɛtəl ə ˈsɪvəl ˈlɔˌsut, ˈlɔrə rɪˈpɔrts. waɪn ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈdeɪvɪd troʊn ɪz tɔɪɪŋ wɪθ ðə aɪˈdiə əv əˈnəðər rən fər ˈɔfəs ɪn ˈmɛrələnd, ˈiðər fər mɑntˈgəmri ˈkaʊnti ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ər, ɪf rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ʤɑn dəˈleɪni (di) rənz fər ˈgəvərnər, ðə sɪksθ kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈdɪstrɪkt, bɪl rɪˈpɔrts. gəv. ˈlɛri ˈhoʊˌgɑn (ɑr) sɛd ðət ɪz ““better*, ˈstrɔŋgər ənd mɔr relevant”*” ənd prɪˈdɪktɪd ðət ðeɪ wʊd swip steɪt ɪˈlɛkʃənz nɛkst jɪr, ˈwɪgɪnz rɪˈpɔrts. ðə ˌpɛnsəlˈveɪnjə mæn əˈkjuzd əv ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ə ˈraɪfəl tɪ trəmp ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl hoʊˈtɛl wɑz sɛnt bæk tɪ ʤeɪl fər ˈpoʊstɪŋ ““disturbing”*” ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈæftər ˈʃutɪŋ ɪn ˌæləgˈzændriə, kiθ ɛl. ˌælɪgˈzændər rɪˈpɔrts. ˈfɔrmər d.c*. ˈkaʊnsəlmən ʤɪm græm, hu lɛd ðə ˈlɑrʤəst geɪ ˈklɪnɪk ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə eɪdz ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪk, daɪd ðɪs wik, pɔl ʃˈwɔrtsmən ənd ˈʤəstɪn ˈwɪljəm. mɔɪər rɪˈpɔrt. ˈvɪdioʊz əv ðə deɪ: ɪt həz bɪn ɪgˈzæktli tu jɪrz sɪns trəmp lɔnʧt hɪz ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl kæmˈpeɪn. ənd hɪz ˈpɑləsiz təˈdeɪ lʊk kwaɪt ə bɪt ˈdɪfərənt ðən ðeɪ dɪd ðə deɪ hi keɪm daʊn ðət ˈɛskəˌleɪtər: ə lʊk æt ðə grɪm ˈhɪstəri bɪˈhaɪnd ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz hu hæv bɪn ˈvɪktɪmz əv gən ˈvaɪələns: ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə kənˈgræʧəˌleɪtɪd ɔn hɪz ˈsɔŋˌraɪtərz hɔl əv feɪm əˈwɔrd: ˈʤɪmi ˈfælən ˈkɑmɛntəd ɔn ðə pur ˈtaɪmɪŋ əv ðə ˈbərθˌdeɪ: ənd ˈstivən ˈkoʊlbərt ˈtrəmpətɪd ˈrɑbərt ˈligəl team”*”:

robert mueller, then director of the federal bureau of investigation, testifies before the senate judiciary committee in 2013. (saul loeb/afp/getty images) the big idea: if donald trump thought he could intimidate bob mueller, he thought wrong. a person who spoke with trump on tuesday told the new york times that the president was pleased by the intentional ambiguity of his position on firing robert s. mueller as special counsel, “and thinks the possibility of being fired will focus the veteran prosecutor on delivering what the president desires most: a blanket public exoneration.” if the president truly believes this, he fundamentally misunderstands what motivates the former fbi director who has stood up to previous administrations and never swayed under political pressure. marines corps veterans scare easily. mueller, 72, earned a purple heart and a bronze star with valor for his gallantry in vietnam before devoting most of the rest of his life to public service. trump, 71, avoided military service by claiming a medical deferment for “heel spurs,” and he’s said that his “personal vietnam” was avoiding sexually-transmitted diseases while sleeping around in new york. “i feel like a great and very brave solider," the president once told howard stern. then-rep. mike pence (r-ind.), attorney floyd abrams, mitch mcconnell and attorney kenneth starr speak to reporters outside the supreme court after arguing against the constitutionality of the mccain-feingold campaign finance law in 2003. (stefan zaklin/reuters) -- just as almost every previous effort at damage control has made trump’s russia-related headaches worse, keeping the door open to firing mueller earlier this week has now backfired. key figures on capitol hill and in the conservative legal firmament have now gone on the record to warn that ousting the special counsel would trigger a constitutional crisis. that would make it much harder for trump to go that route down the road. “firing mueller would be an insult to the founding fathers,” kenneth starr, the independent counsel in the whitewater and monica lewinsky investigations during the clinton administration, writes in an op-ed for today’s post: “subject to the possibility of being fired for ‘good cause,’ mueller should be allowed to do his work unhindered and unimpeded. absent the most extreme circumstances, the president would be singularly ill-advised to threaten, much less order, mueller’s firing. under legally binding regulations, the special counsel’s fate rests exclusively with deputy attorney general rod j. rosenstein. he alone is empowered to make that fateful decision. as a matter of honor, and in light of his sworn testimony before congress, rosenstein would inevitably resign if confronted with a white house directive to dismiss the special counsel. wisdom counsels strongly against unleashing a 21st-century version of the saturday night massacre of watergate-era infamy.” jared kushner arrives at andrews air force base last week after joining trump on a day trip to cincinnati. (andrew harnik/ap) -- on the investigative side, mueller is demonstrating a willingness to pursue the facts wherever they lead regardless of what trump does or doesn’t say about firing him. the washington post reported wednesday that the special counsel’s investigation now includes an examination of whether the president himself attempted to obstruct justice a major turning point in the nearly year-old fbi investigation, which until recently focused on russian meddling during the presidential campaign and on whether there was any coordination between the trump campaign and the kremlin. -- following the money: mueller is also investigating the finances and business dealings of jared kushner, trump’s son-in-law and senior adviser, sari horwitz, matt zapotosky and adam entous scooped last night. “the white house has said kushner’s meeting with [sergey gorkov, the head of a state-owned russian development bank] was a pre-inauguration diplomatic encounter, unrelated to business matters. the russian bank, vnesheconombank, which has been the subject of u.s. sanctions following russia’s annexation of crimea, has said the session was held for business reasons because of kushner’s role as head of his family’s real estate company. the meeting occurred as kushner’s company was seeking financing for its troubled $1.8 billion purchase of an office building on fifth avenue in new york, and it could raise questions about whether kushner’s personal financial interests were colliding with his impending role as a public official.” -- another significant development: the vice president, whose balancing act as trump’s number two is showing signs of strain amid the white house turmoil, has just hired his own outside lawyer to help him deal with the special counsel, ashley parker scooped last night. mike pence was one of the small group of senior advisers trump consulted with as he mulled firing james comey as fbi director. richard cullen, the lawyer pence hired, is a pro. the former virginia attorney general, who lives in richmond, is chairman of the influential firm mcguirewoods. he served as u.s. attorney for the eastern district of virginia under george h.w. bush and helped george w. bush during the 2000 florida recount. he represented tom delay during the jack abramoff affair. in another sign of just how seriously the v.p. is taking mueller’s probe, an aide said he spent several weeks on this process and interviewed several candidates before settling on cullen. -- pence lawyering up will likely have a domino effect inside the white house. the president’s private attorney, marc e. kasowitz, is focused on protecting the personal legal interests of trump. he has told white house personnel that they do not need to hire their own lawyers. “but pence’s move to hire an outside attorney could set off a scramble among other west wing aides — many of whom are already bracing for subpoenas — to do the same, even if only as a protective measure,” ashley notes. -- aides and volunteers on trump’s transition team were also instructed yesterday to save any records related to “several pending investigations into potential attempts by russia interests to influence the 2016 election.” transition lawyer kory langhofer of an arizona firm called statecraft, who previously worked on mitt romney’s 2012 campaign, sent a memo telling campaign officials to preserve all documents related to the russian federation, ukraine and a number of campaign advisers and officials, including paul manafort, carter page, rick gates, roger stone and michael flynn. “in order to assist these investigations, the presidential transition team and its current and former personnel have a responsibility to ensure that, to the extent potentially relevant documents exist, they are properly preserved,” lanhofer wrote in the memo, which was obtained by politico. dan coats, right, listens last week as mike rogers is questioned during a senate intelligence committee hearing. (susan walsh/ap) -- director of national intelligence daniel coats, meanwhile, spent more than three hours in a closed session with the senate intelligence committee yesterday. last week he had declined to answer lawmakers’ questions in an open session about his conversations with trump regarding the russia investigation but suggested he’d be more forthcoming in private. coats and mike rogers, the head of the national security agency, have also agreed to be interviewed by mueller as early as this week. coats has told associates that trump asked him whether he could intervene with comey to get the fbi to back off its focus on flynn. trump later telephoned him and rogers to separately ask them to issue public statements denying that there was evidence of coordination between trump’s campaign and russian officials. coats and rogers refused to comply with the president’s requests, the post has reported. -- leaders of the senate intelligence committee also met with mueller to deconflict their investigations. the chairman and ranking member said that they will focus on russian meddling and whether there was any collusion. “the criminal piece of the investigation will be handled by the special counsel,” sen. mark warner (d-va.) told cnn, adding that they will turn over any relevant information they uncover to mueller's office. mueller testifies in 2013.(brendan smialowski/afp/getty images) -- tomorrow is the one-month anniversary of mueller being appointed special counsel. he has still not even installed a computer network in his work space at the patrick henry building, but the times reports that “there is evidence of a coordinated strategy” by trump to try discrediting his work. the crux of the plan is to go after some of his early hires who have donated to democratic candidates in the past. andrew weissmann, who led the fraud section of the justice department’s criminal division, served as fbi general counsel when mueller was its director and previously led the enron task force. in 2008, when he in private practice, he donated to barack obama’s campaign. another lawyer on the team donated to hillary clinton in 2016, and a third has given money to both parties but more to democrats than republicans. the special counsel has now hired 13 lawyers, and several more are in the pipeline. but while mueller won’t be cowed, the prospect of personal attacks by trump allies could deter some attorneys from coming onboard. “a former federal prosecutor said mr. mueller was hiring rank-and-file prosecutors to fill out his office staff, and has been prospecting for detailees from several prominent united states attorney offices, including the southern district of new york,” scott shane and charlie savage report on the front page. “but prospective hires thinking about joining mr. mueller’s team are watching those who have signed up come under intense scrutiny of the sort that ordinary prosecutors and corporate lawyers rarely experience … for mr. trump, the tactic of trying to discredit anyone who poses a danger to him has become familiar. campaigning for the presidency while being sued for fraud over trump university, he attacked the judge overseeing the case as biased against him because the judge was mexican-american.” rod rosenstein sorts through notes as he testifies before a senate appropriations subcommittee this week. (bill o'leary/the washington post) -- a bizarre non-denial: deputy attorney general rod rosenstein generated a lot of buzz but little clarity late last night with a cryptic statement urging americans to “exercise caution” when evaluating stories attributed to anonymous officials. the full statement read: “americans should exercise caution before accepting as true any stories attributed to anonymous ‘officials,’ particularly when they do not identify the country — let alone the branch of agency of government — with which the alleged sources supposedly are affiliated. americans should be skeptical about anonymous allegations. the department of justice has a long established policy to neither confirm nor deny such allegations.” “why rosenstein would suddenly make that comment, or any comment, after having made no comment to story after story attributed to anonymous sources, remained a mystery,” fred barbash writes. “since attorney general jeff sessions has recused himself, rosenstein is the justice department official directly responsible for matters relating to the investigation of russian interference.” -- a potentially key witness for your radar: fbi general counsel james a. baker. another scoop from sari, matt and adam: “after trump fired comey, the president said that the fbi director had told him three times that he was not under investigation. comey confirmed that in his testimony before the senate intelligence committee last week. the first time he told trump was in his first meeting with the then-president-elect before the inauguration, on jan. 6. before he met with trump, comey gathered his leadership team at the fbi to discuss whether he should be prepared to assure trump that the fbi was not investigating him personally. comey testified that not everyone on his team agreed he should. comey did not name the dissenter, but the post has learned it was … baker. comey testified that the member of his leadership team said that, although it was true at the moment that trump was not under investigation, it was possible that could change.” baker declined to comment. trump sits in the east room of the white house. (jabin botsford/the washington post) -- as trump lashes out on twitter at what he’s calling a “witch hunt,” his white house press shop has adopted a sort of bunker mentality and answers fewer questions than it used to. from ashley parker and john wagner: “at a previously scheduled off-camera briefing for reporters, sarah huckabee sanders, the principal deputy white house press secretary, was peppered with more than a dozen questions about ongoing investigations over about 20 minutes. in keeping with a new practice, she referred one question after another to trump’s personal lawyer. sanders, for example, was asked whether trump still felt ‘vindicated’ by the extraordinary congressional testimony last week by comey … ‘i believe so,’ she said, before referring reporters to kasowitz. … mark corallo, a spokesman for (the outside lawyer), did not respond to an email and phone call seeking comment on the questions sanders referred to him.” -- white house aides are privately fretting to one another over trump’s obsession with the probe, politico’s josh dawsey reports: “trump, for months, has bristled almost daily about the ongoing probes. he has sometimes, without prompting, injected ‘i’m not under investigation’ into conversations with associates and allies. he has watched hours of tv coverage every day — sometimes even storing morning news shows on his tivo to watch in the evening — and complained nonstop. ‘it’s basically all he talks about on the phone,’ said one adviser. … aides have tried to change the subject, with little luck. two people close to trump note that his is an obsessive personality [but staffers] say they fear his incendiary tweets and public comments have spurred ‘countless’ leaks of damaging information.” welcome to the daily 202, powerpost's morning newsletter. sign up to receive the newsletter. while you were sleeping: homeland security secretary john kelly testifies on capitol hil. (susan walsh/ap) -- homeland security secretary john kelly has reversed an obama-era directive that protected millions of parents of u.s. citizens from being deported. maria sacchetti reports: “kelly’s act fulfills part of a campaign promise that president trump had made to overturn two of barack obama’s controversial memos on illegal immigration. the rescinded memo was never implemented and is the subject of an ongoing federal court battle waged by texas and other states that opposed obama’s program. thursday marked the judge’s deadline for the parties to set a timetable to resolve the case. instead, kelly rescinded the memo, saying that there is ‘no credible path forward’ in court. however, trump has let stand obama’s 2012 memo that has granted reprieves from deportation to nearly 800,000 undocumented immigrants who arrived as children. kelly said thursday that the deferred action for childhood arrivals program, known as daca, would not change.” -- trump today will roll back obama-era policies that allow for more private investment in cuba. in doing so, he's going to undercut hotel-industry rivals of his own trump organization -- who have raced in recent years to establish a foothold in a lucrative new market. drew harwell and jonathan o'connell report: “starwood hotels and resorts, which merged with marriott international to form the world’s largest hotel chain, last year debuted the first cuban hotel managed by a u.s. company in nearly 60 years, taking advantage of [obama’s] 2014 move to normalize relations with cuba and lighten regulations enforcing the u.s. embargo on the island. trump is expected to announce in miami his intention to ban certain financial transactions between u.s. businesses and the cuban military, whose companies control much of the island’s economy and a significant share of the tourism and hotel sector." the president's action will have the practical effect of negating his corporate rivals's first-mover advantage. -- four thousand additional u.s. troops will soon be deployed to afghanistan. the ap’s lolita baldor and robert burns report: “the decision by defense secretary jim mattis could be announced as early as next week… it follows trump’s move to give mattis the authority to set troop levels and seeks to address assertions by the top u.s. commander in afghanistan that he doesn’t have enough forces to help afghanistan’s army against a resurgent taliban insurgency. the rising threat posed by islamic state extremists, evidenced in a rash of deadly attacks in the capital city of kabul, has only fueled calls for a stronger u.s. presence, as have several recent american combat deaths. the bulk of the additional troops will train and advise afghan forces … a smaller number would be assigned to counterterror operations against the taliban and is.” -- trump has appointed an “event planner” and family loyalist with no government experience to a crucial hud post. the new york daily news’ greg b. smith reports: lynne patton "has arranged tournaments at trump golf courses, served as the liaison to the trump family during his presidential campaign, and even arranged eric trump’s wedding … patton — who has zero housing experience and claims a law degree the school says she never earned — was appointed to head up the u.s. department of housing and urban development’s region ii, which includes new york and new jersey, where she’ll oversee distribution of billions of taxpayer dollars.” -- in spite of wednesday’s tragedy, the congressional baseball game went on. lawmakers from both teams gathered in the middle of the diamond to pray together. mitch mcconnell, chuck schumer, paul ryan and nancy pelosi appeared together to say, "play ball." the house speaker and minority leader sat for a joint interview with cnn before the first pitch. the two smiled warmly, pelosi sporting a purple louisiana state university shirt and ryan wearing a purple lsu hat. both were in honor of steve scalise, the house majority whip who was wounded in the shooting. (ashley parker, elise viebeck and perry stein) the democrats won the game 11-2, and the game raised more than $1 million for charity. from cnn: “at the end of the game when democratic manager pennsylvania rep. mike doyle was presented the winning trophy, he called republican manager texas rep. joe barton to join him. doyle gave the winning trophy back to the republicans to put in scalise's office. ... ivanka trump, joined by treasury secretary steve mnuchin and her two eldest children arabella and joseph kushner, presented a $50,000 check from ‘friends in the trump administration.’" the first pitch was thrown by david bailey, one of the two capitol police officers who were injured in alexandria on wednesday while helping to take out the shooter. trump sent a video message: “by playing tonight, you are showing the world that we will not be intimidated by threats, acts of violence or assaults on our democracy," he said. "the game will go on.” the washington nationals had to loan the republican team catcher/catching gear because the gop equipment is in evidence, per bob costa. steve scalise pictured recently in the capitol. (melina mara/the washington post) -- scalise remains in critical condition, but he has improved in the last 24 hours. in a thursday night statement, medstar washington hospital center said the congressman underwent a third surgery related to internal injuries and a broken bone in his leg. he requires additional operations and will “remain in the hospital for some time.” of the four other victims wounded by gunfire, two are still in the hospital, lobbyist matt mika also remains in critical condition. lenny bernstein explains why a single penetrating wound to the hip is such a dangerous injury: “the pelvic area is home to the iliac blood vessels, which include major arteries that branch off the aorta, the main route that carries oxygenated blood to all parts of the body. wounds to those vessels, large and small, cause fast, severe blood loss, which can set off a cascade of problems for surgeons trying to save a patient's life." lynn mccullough of ronald reagan ucla hospital said survival typically depends on several key factors: the position of the body when it was struck and distance from the weapon; the velocity of the bullet and the type used; and location of the entry and potential exit wound. -- the vice president and second lady visited scalise and one of the wounded capitol police officers yesterday morning, politico's nolan d. mccaskill reports. "target" lesion on patient with lyme disease. (courtesy of cdc) get smart fast:​​ an increasing number of americans with medically-ambiguous symptoms are being misdiagnosed with “chronic lyme disease” and prescribed dangerous, often expensive treatments that do not work. in some extreme cases, misdiagnosed patients have even died after receiving intensive and long-term treatment. (lena h. sun) facebook will use artificial intelligence in its battle against extremist content on the platform. the company announced earlier that it was adding 3,000 people to the team that reviews flagged posts. (hamza shaban) a texas woman is suing uber for allegedly obtaining and sharing her medical records after she was raped by a driver in india. (hamza shaban) federal contractor booz allen’s stock took a big hit after disclosing that the justice department is investigating its billing practices. (thomas heath) cincinnati doctors caring for ex-north korea detainee otto warmbier said that the 22-year-old remains in a persistent vegetative state and is suffering a severe brain injury with “extensive loss” of tissue in all regions of the brain. they have found no evidence to support pyongyang's claim that his coma was caused by botulism. (cnn) russia is investigating whether a syria airstrike took out a top isis leader. abu bakr al-baghdadi may have been killed in a may 28 attack on a meeting of isis leaders outside raqqa. (the new york times) chinese police announced that a lone bomber was responsible for an explosion outside a kindergarten that killed eight. the attack is the latest in a tragic, bizarre string of violence targeting young children. (simon denyer) the ups driver who shot and killed three people in san francisco filed a workplace grievance in march. he complained that he was working excessive overtime. (lindsey bever and emma ockerman) two escaped georgia convicts, who allegedly killed two guards and fled from a corrections bus, were captured in tennessee last night after a three-day manhunt. (samantha schmidt) a law firm representing sandy hook families sent a letter to nbc, imploring them not to air megyn kelly’s sunday interview with infowars’ alex jones. (page six) teenagers’ use of tobacco products has hit a record low, according to the cdc, while the number of those using e-cigarettes also sharply declined for the first time. (laurie mcginley) the ncaa suspended louisville men’s basketball coach rick pitino for five games, tied to the high-profile sex-for-recruits scandal that rocked the sports program. (rick maese) there's still no verdict in bill cosby's sexual assault case. the pennsylvania jury informed the judge that it could not reach a consensus. he ordered them back to the jury room to continue deliberating. (manuel roig-franzia) florida gov. rick scott (r) is slated to sign a $419 million k-12 public education bill that will convert more than 100 low-performing public schools into charters. the effort has been decried by some education activists, who note that florida’s charter system is deeply troubled. (valerie strauss) lyle jeffs, the polygamist religious leader-turned-fugitive who escaped from home confinement after being accused of a multimillion-dollar food-stamp fraud scheme last year, has finally been captured. he was found more than 900 miles from salt lake city and had been living in a pickup truck. (lindsey bever) a blimp advertising a wisconsin credit union deflated and burst into flames crashing close to thousands of people gathered to watch the u.s. open. the pilot, who remained in the blimp as it went down, is expected to recover. (milwaukee journal-sentinel) scientists are horrified after learning that two dutch fishermen who caught an ultra-rare species of fully-developed, conjoined-twin harbor porpoises simply took a picture of the two-headed creature before tossing it back into the sea. little did the trawlers know, conjoined twins are an all-but-impossible occurrence among cetaceans -- there are only nine known cases in history, almost none of which even made it to birth. (avi selk) a new study finds that seven percent of american adults believe chocolate milk comes from brown cows. that statistic might seem low, but it translates to approximately 16.4 million people... (caitlin dewey) michael phelps will race a great white shark for “shark week.” how? still not entirely clear. but it will be a good ratings gimmick. (des bieler) trump celebrates the passage of the house's health-care bill in may. (jabin botsford/the washington post) growing blowback over health-care secrecy: -- senate republicans hope to bring a health-care bill to the floor by the end of the month, even as they continue to write it. sean sullivan and kelsey snell report: “president trump and mitch mcconnell are pressing for an ambitious timeline to complete the bill, although it is being drafted in the senate with little assistance from the white house. … impassioned policy disputes have flared among some gop senators in large group meetings at which mcconnell has floated ideas from the drafting process. but those disputes have not deterred him from the goal of a floor vote before the july 4 recess. … republican leaders (still) have no plans to hold committee hearings on their bill. they feel as if they have spent plenty of time presenting gop senators with different options. no democrats are expected to support it. ... by all accounts, the senate bill will be dramatically different from the measure that emerged from the house in may, and it is entirely unknown how and whether the two chambers can reconcile their differences and actually enact legislation revising the affordable care act.” -- the covert nature of the negotiations has led to a sense of distrust among lawmakers -- including a few republicans. the new york times’ thomas kaplan and robert pear reports: “in the summer of 2009, when democratic members of congress were defending their effort to remake the nation’s health care system, they were taunted by crowds chanting, ‘read the bill, read the bill.’ now democrats say they would love to read the republicans’ repeal bill, but cannot do so because republicans have not exposed their handiwork to public inspection … in theory, the bill-writing process is open to any of the 52 republican senators, but few seem to have a clear, coherent picture of what will be in the legislation … senate republican leaders think their back-room approach gives them the best chance to devise a health care bill that can squeak through the senate.” the story quotes three gop members complaining: bob corker (r-tenn.): “i’ve said from day 1, and i’ll say it again … the process is better if you do it in public , and that people get buy-in along the way and understand what’s going on. obviously, that’s not the route that is being taken.” (r-tenn.): “i’ve said from day 1, and i’ll say it again … , and that people get buy-in along the way and understand what’s going on. obviously, that’s not the route that is being taken.” ron johnson (r-wisc.): “i come from a manufacturing background… solved a lot of problems. it starts with information. seems like around here, the last step is getting information , which doesn’t seem to be necessarily the most effective process.” (r-wisc.): “i come from a manufacturing background… solved a lot of problems. it starts with information. , which doesn’t seem to be necessarily the most effective process.” rand paul (r-ky.): “my preference would be a more open process in committees with hearings and people on both sides.” -- vox's sarah kliff wrote a very buzzy piece yesterday: “i’ve covered obamacare since day one. never seen lying and obstruction like this:” “it’s become obvious to me, particularly this week, that republicans plan to move more quickly and less deliberatively than democrats did in drafting the affordable care act. they intend to do this despite repeatedly and angrily criticizing the (aca) for being moved too quickly and with too little deliberation … the process will lead to devastating results for millions of americans who won’t know to speak up until the damage is done. so far, the few details that have leaked out paint a picture of a bill sure to cover millions fewer people and raise costs on those with preexisting conditions.” -- ezra klein argues that the gop strategy may backfire by increasing the likelihood of a single-payer heath-care system in the long-term. “if republicans unwind obamacare and pass their bill, then democrats are much likelier to establish a single-payer health care system — or at least the beginnings of one — when they regain power.” -- the senate’s bill could affect those on employer plans as well as those in the obamacare exchanges, according to a new analysis from the liberal center for american progress. axios’ david nather reports: “the senate health care bill is expected to allow states to relax the affordable care act rules only on benefits, not on pricing as the house bill does. but that change could impact people far beyond those states … because it could lead to a return of annual and lifetime benefit limits, and not just in the states with the waivers … as many as 27 million americans could face annual limits on their coverage, and 20 million could be hit with lifetime limits … large employers that operate in several states can choose which state they want to use as the basis for their benefits. so if an employer operates in 15 states, and one of them has a waiver from aca benefit rules, it can set all of its benefits based on that state.” -- trump’s comments describing the house health bill as “mean” have angered many of the lawmakers who risked their political careers to pass it. axios’ jonathan swan reports: “it is having a lingering, and potentially devastating, effect on his credibility among house republicans. members are still talking about trump's comment, and their frustration that he'd throw them under the bus is likely to damage his ability to negotiate on major items like infrastructure and tax reform.” -- side note: trump is preparing an executive order aimed at lowering drug prices. bloomberg’s anna edney and justin sink report: “top health and budget officials in the administration will meet friday to discuss the issue, according to the people … trump sought recommendations from the nation’s health agencies on reducing medication costs, health and human services secretary tom price told senators last week. one policy being discussed for inclusion in the order is expressing support for value-based agreements, a drug industry-backed proposal in which pharmaceutical companies and health insurers develop arrangements to pay for products depending on how well they work.” epa administrator scott pruitt speaks to reporters in the white house press room. (pablo martinez monsivais/ap) trump's agenda: -- epa administrator scott pruitt defended his proposal to slash his agency's budget by 31 percent. brady dennis reports: “‘i believe we can fulfill the mission of our agency with a trimmed budget, with proper leadership and management,’ he told members of a house appropriations subcommittee. … the ‘trimmed’ budget he referenced would amount to a cut of [some $2.4 billion] annually — a larger percentage than at any other federal agency. pruitt encountered resistance thursday from members of both parties, who described the epa’s work in their districts as both vital to environmental protection and an economic engine in many areas." pruitt's approach was even criticized by republicans who think the agency overstepped its regulatory authority under obama: ohio republican rep. david joyce said an epa program aimed at cleaning up the great lakes region -- which trump would defund completely had helped communities revitalize waterfront areas and created jobs. “cleaning up the lakes isn’t about correcting mistakes from the past, but creating new opportunities and a brighter future for our shoreline communities,” he said, adding that the proposed budget “would cripple our collective efforts, halt the progress we’re making and undermine investments we have made.” -- trump’s commerce department removed sexual orientation and gender identity from its equal employment policy, only to say that they would alter the policy when the change came to light. buzzfeed’s david mack reports: “the department of commerce outraged lgbt groups by removing sexual orientation and gender identity from the list of categories explicitly protected from discrimination in its latest equal employment opportunity statement. after this story was published, the department then said it would re-issue the policy … the new policy statement was uploaded some time in the last 10 days.” -- rick perry’s energy department is shuttering an office that worked with international partners to develop clean energy technology. the new york times’ brad plumer reports: “the 11 staff members of the office of international climate and technology were told this month that their positions were being eliminated, according to current and former agency employees. the office was formed in 2010 to help the united states provide technical advice to other nations seeking to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. the small office also played a lead role preparing for the annual clean energy ministerial, a forum in which the united states, china, india and other countries shared insights on how best to promote energy efficiency, electric vehicles and other solutions to climate change.” -- half of the business executives at yale’s ceo summit gave trump a failing grade for his performance so far. cnn’s matt egan reports: “a stunning 50% of the ceos, business execs, government officials and academics surveyed at the annual yale ceo summit give trump an ‘f’ for his first 130 days in office. the survey, released earlier this week, found that another 21% give trump's performance a ‘d’ so far. just 1% of the 125 leaders polled awarded the billionaire an ‘a’ … the yale findings are the latest evidence that some pockets of the business community are growing disenchanted with trump as his administration struggles to implement its economic agenda amid scandal and missteps.” fans hold up signs supporting steve scalise during last night's game. (jonathan newton/the washington post) day two stories on the alexandria attack: -- the shooting has prompted lawmakers to think much more carefully about their security. ed o'keefe, mike debonis and kelsey snell report: “in the hours after the shooting, republicans and democrats alike struggled to reassess their protection and engagement with the public, outside the protective bubble of the capitol. some said they should be allowed to carry firearms at all times — even in washington, a city with strict gun controls. others pressed top leaders to let them use taxpayer funds to secure their private homes. … ryan and pelosi discussed the issue during a meeting last week, according to aides familiar with the talks, and there is now a sense of urgency to make a decision soon.” -- nancy pelosi responded to criticism of the left following the shooting, claiming those conservative critics “sanctimonious.” she said during her weekly news conference yesterday: “if the president says, 'i can shoot somebody on fifth avenue and nobody would care,' when you have somebody say, 'beat them up and i'll pay their legal fees,' when you have all the assaults that are made on hillary clinton … for them to be so sanctimonious is something that i really am almost sad that i had to go down this path with you because i don't think it's appropriate for us to have the fullest discussion of it.” -- law enforcement officials swarmed alexandria’s del ray neighborhood as they worked to piece together the final nomadic months of gunman james hodgkinson, investigating among other things whether he had long-planned wednesday’s assault or studied the movements of lawmakers in the months he spent living nearby in his van. fbi officials said hodgkinson had been a “regular presence” in recent days on mount vernon avenue, the main commercial street through the neighborhood, tom jackman and peter hermann report. an interactive art project in del ray. (patricia sullivan/the washington post) -- the del ray neighborhood has begun its healing process in a unique way: with an art project. patricia sullivan reports: “this month, in the days before a disgruntled man from illinois brought bloodshed to the ballfield, nancy belmont launched ‘soar,’ asking participants to write on smooth gray stones about the burdens they’re ready to drop, and then hang a brightly colored paper bird to symbolize lightness and freedom. ‘unfortunately, the timing is good,’ belmont said ... ‘it does give people an opportunity to open up and be together.’ … her supply of 3,000 unpainted rocks had dwindled to a couple of dozen by thursday morning, as people painted words describing their burdens — ‘shame’ and ‘aging’ and ‘anger’ — and hung paper cranes nearby.” -- the new york times apologized and issued a correction to a widely-criticized editorial on thursday, which incorrectly implied that the man who shot gabby giffords in 2011 was inspired by a map of electoral districts shared by sarah palin’s pac. cnn’s oliver darcy reports: "we're sorry about this and we appreciate that our readers called us on the mistake," the times said in a tweet. "the editorial, titled ‘america's lethal politics,’ claimed that in the shooting of [scalise] there was ‘no sign of incitement as direct as in the giffords attack.’” our fact-checker michelle ye hee lee warns: “any future references to this talking point by politicians or political groups will receive four pinocchios.” vladimir putin walks in the cathedral square of the kremlin. (alexei druzhinin/sputnik/ap) there is a bear in the woods: -- facing a wave of popular unrest not seen in years, vladimir putin took to the nation’s airwaves thursday to assure citizens that their lives will be getting better. "judging from the questions the kremlin leader fielded over four long hours, russians aren’t feeling it," david filipov reports from moscow. he adds that putin trolled the united states, sarcastically suggesting that comey could receive "political asylum" in moscow. "it sounds and looks very strange for the head of a special service to record a conversation with the commander in chief and then pass it to the media through his friend," putin said. "and how is the fbi director different from (edward) snowden then?" -- buzzfeed news published another report on suspected russian assassinations carried out on british soil which were ignored by the united kingdom: “the dead man was scot young. the one-time multimillionaire and fixer to the world’s super-rich had been telling friends, family, and the police for years that he was being targeted by a team of russian hitmen [and] was the ninth in a circle of friends and business associates to die in suspicious circumstances. but when the police entered his penthouse that night, they didn’t even dust for fingerprints … declared his death a suicide on the spot, and closed the case. [a two-year investigation] has now uncovered explosive evidence pointing to russia that the police overlooked. a massive trove of documents, phone records, and secret recordings shows young was part of a circle of nine men, including the exiled oligarch boris berezovsky, who all died suspiciously on british soil after making powerful enemies in russia. the files reveal that young lived in the shadow of the russian security services and mafia groups after fronting for berezovsky a sworn enemy of the state … us intelligence officials suspect a further 13 people including berezovsky and eight members of his circle have been assassinated on british soil by russia’s security services or mafia groups, two forces that sometimes work in tandem. yet british police have ruled out foul play in every last case.” -- looking to prevent trump from continuing to be soft on moscow, the senate overwhelmingly passed a bill yesterday to step up sanctions against russia, delivering a sharp rebuke to trump’s policies toward europe. karoun demirjian reports: “the measure, which senators passed by a vote of 98 to 2, includes new sanctions against moscow over its continued involvement in the wars in ukraine and syria and for its alleged meddling in the 2016 election. senators struck a deal this week to include the language stiffening measures against [russia] … in an underlying bill introducing new measures to punish tehran for ballistic missiles. critically, the russia language also included provisions codifying all existing sanctions against russia and giving congress the power to block the president if he tries to scale back existing ones … the senate added one more tacit criticism of trump’s foreign policy to the bill: an amendment reaffirming the commitment of the united states to nato and its mutual defense obligations to other countries in the alliance.” the new world order: -- the president promised that foreign leaders won’t be “laughing at us anymore” if he won, but more and more international leaders are openly ridiculing him and making jokes at his expense. david nakamura and anne gearan report on the trolling trend: “fellow world leaders appear emboldened to poke fun at him as a way to bolster their political standing. to a degree, the strategy is similar to one employed by democrats, celebrities and some republicans who have calculated that mocking trump can boost their popularity.” “in australia, prime minister malcolm turnbull , who sparred with trump in a testy phone call in february, this week treated a black-tie gala to a snarky impersonation of 'the donald ,’ referring to the russia investigation and employing the president’s famous catchphrases." a snarky impersonation of 'the donald “in france, new president emmanuel macron unveiled a website titled 'make our planet great again' and invited u.s. scientists to move there, a week after trump withdrew the united states from the paris climate accord.” “in mexico, former president vicente fox posted a profane video on youtube, mocking trump’s taste for taco bowls (‘they’re not even mexican!’) and border walls (‘mexico will not pay’) that has been viewed nearly half a million times.” -- three cabinet secretaries and mike pence traveled to a conference in miami to meet with central american leaders and discuss economic development in the region, despite proposed cuts in foreign aid. carol morello and philip rucker report: “the two-day conference on prosperity and security in central america, which is being co-hosted by the united states and mexico, reflects the trump administration’s shift away from the obama administration’s focus on fixing social problems to more immediate law enforcement issues, such as illegal immigration and drug trafficking … in some ways, the message and dynamic are similar to the tone at last month’s meeting of nato in brussels, where president trump privately and publicly urged leaders to spend more money on their own defense. state department officials say the united states wants other countries impacted by narcotics flowing from central america and mexico — possibly canada and countries in europe and asia — to make up at least some of the shortfall in u.s. foreign aid to the region.” -- sudan has accelerated its d.c. lobbying presence as the country attempts to get its sanctions lifted. bloomberg’s nick wadhams and jennifer jacobs report: “the government of president umar al-bashir -- which is listed by the u.s. as a state sponsor of terrorism -- has hired washington law firm squire patton boggs llp at a cost of $40,000 a month to lobby on its behalf as part of its accelerating campaign to ensure that president donald trump permanently lifts sanctions against the country ahead of a deadline next month, according to a filing with the justice department. under an executive order signed by president barack obama in january, a temporary easing of sanctions against sudan would be made permanent after six months if khartoum sustains progress in five key areas, including helping the u.s. in the fight against terror.” a deadly blaze consumes london's grenfell tower. (reuters/toby melville) wapo highlights: -- “after a tragedy many saw as preventable, london fire survivors vent their anger,” by karla adam and griff witte: “as firefighters continued to search the burned-out hull of the 24-story grenfell tower — where flames were still visible [two days] after the first panicked emergency calls — displaced residents on the streets below demanded legislation requiring that britain’s aging public high-rises be retrofitted with sprinkler systems and multiple stairwells — which were lacking at grenfell tower. authorities said the death toll could go far higher as search crews work through the wreckage of the 120-unit building … ‘i really hope the number of fatalities does not reach triple figures,’ said one police official.” -- “board member arianna huffington takes prominent role in efforts to steady uber,” by craig timberg and brian fung: “where many saw a company that exemplified the worst of the tech industry’s male-dominated ‘bro’ culture, huffington had concluded that there was an additional reason for the rampant sexual harassment and other unprofessional conduct reported at the company: a work-life balance gone disastrously awry. she had publicly warned of the dangers of coddling ‘brilliant jerks’ at uber, but she also worried that uber — and silicon valley generally — had developed what she called a ‘workplace culture fueled by burnout.’” social media speed read: the president again took to twitter to criticize the russia probes and revive an old rivalry: they made up a phony collusion with the russians story, found zero proof, so now they go for obstruction of justice on the phony story. nice — donald j. trump (@realdonaldtrump) june 15, 2017 you are witnessing the single greatest witch hunt in american political history - led by some very bad and conflicted people! #maga — donald j. trump (@realdonaldtrump) june 15, 2017 why is that hillary clintons family and dems dealings with russia are not looked at, but my non-dealings are? — donald j. trump (@realdonaldtrump) june 15, 2017 crooked h destroyed phones w/ hammer, 'bleached' emails, & had husband meet w/ag days before she was cleared- & they talk about obstruction? — donald j. trump (@realdonaldtrump) june 15, 2017 trump's accusations received a boost from one of his most ardent supporters: mueller is setting up a dragnet of obstruction, financial questions and every aspect of trump's life and his associates lives.very dangerous — newt gingrich (@newtgingrich) june 15, 2017 but many others criticized both trump and gingrich for sullying special counsel bob mueller's name: mueller was a decorated marine officer, commanded a rifle platoon in vietnam, bronze star and purple heart recipient. is he a “bad” person? https://t.co/j51pww7kxn — bradd jaffy (@braddjaffy) june 15, 2017 how dare you smear a man who served this country honorably for decades in both war and peace, winning the bronze star and purple heart. https://t.co/mocm57mq7x — joe scarborough (@joenbc) june 15, 2017 newt, whatever you think you're getting in return for obsequiously sliming an american hero, i guarantee you it's not worth it. stop. — joe scarborough (@joenbc) june 15, 2017 "bob mueller is a man of integrity...not a witch hunt" -- @senjohnthune on @morning_joe — mark halperin (@markhalperin) june 15, 2017 a "bad guy"? here is the passage from my book, threat matrix, describing how bob mueller earned a purple heart as a marine in vietnam: pic.twitter.com/hnr6paiib8 — garrett m. graff (@vermontgmg) june 15, 2017 four weeks ago gingrich called mueller "superb choice" for special counsel w/impeccable reputation for integrity https://t.co/mcamp2q72b — john harwood (@johnjharwood) june 15, 2017 others pointed out the odd timing of the president's tweets: why did @realdonaldtrump just tweet about the obstruction story? possibly to balance out his very unifying, presidential day on tuesday. — david m. drucker (@davidmdrucker) june 15, 2017 isn't this an unusual hour of the day for these meltdowns? he must have gone upstairs for an afternoon nap https://t.co/vdm8rzfjbe — david frum (@davidfrum) june 15, 2017 a few took it as a sign of distress: the most surefire indication that the right is running scared is when they turn things back to false attacks on hillary clinton. https://t.co/oatoz5f1bk — nick merrill (@nickmerrill) june 15, 2017 your fear tastes delicious. https://t.co/4uoicxmkx8 — rick wilson (@therickwilson) june 15, 2017 the health-care debate continued despite many consuming headlines. from a democratic hawaii senator: the 13 dudes who are secretly working to take away your healthcare met again today. they have bill text. light up the phones. — brian schatz (@brianschatz) june 15, 2017 reporter asks what's in senate health bill, saying public doesn't know. "well join the crowd. i'm in the same category," says orrin hatch. — sahil kapur (@sahilkapur) june 15, 2017 the absence of rep. steve scalise, still in the hospital, hung heavily over the congressional baseball game: thanks to @lsu for sending us hats for tonight's game. we will wear them proudly for our friend @stevescalise! #congressionalbaseballgame — mike bishop (@repmikebishop) june 15, 2017 a special #tbt in honor of my friend @stevescalise. he’ll be missed on the field tonight and remains in our thoughts and prayers. pic.twitter.com/clcyfnmpke — rep cedric richmond (@reprichmond) june 15, 2017 democrats & republicans on the congressional women's softball team praying for @stevescalise & those recovering from yesterday's attack. pic.twitter.com/217plddkem — rep. cheri bustos (@repcheri) june 15, 2017 i'm wearing my fluer-de-lis bow tie today in honor of my friend @stevescalise, who remains in critical condition. please pray for him. pic.twitter.com/oy14yzfq5p — rep rick crawford (@reprickcrawford) june 15, 2017 sporting an lsu hat for tonight's game in honor of my friend @stevescalise. pic.twitter.com/qh81horytu — rep. jeff duncan (@repjeffduncan) june 15, 2017 we're all pulling for you @stevescalise, republicans and democratic alike pic.twitter.com/hq8hwgq5z1 — jeff flake (@jeffflake) june 15, 2017 matt mika, also injured in yesterday's attack, was honored: tonight the mi delegation and staff will wear white ribbons for our friend & fellow michigander, matt mika. hoping for a speedy recovery. pic.twitter.com/nnl8zc3xht — mike bishop (@repmikebishop) june 15, 2017 lawmakers and spectators gathered in unity to play ball, as planned: our capacity for compassion isn't determined by party. i look forward to playing ⚾️ w/ my colleagues tonight, and pray for those who can't. — mike doyle (@usrepmikedoyle) june 15, 2017 no better way to celebrate america than baseball! wishing the players and fans a great #congressionalbaseballgame tonight. https://t.co/5hrmdiggjv — sendansullivan (@sendansullivan) june 15, 2017 god bless america pic.twitter.com/zarajh9iew — susan w. brooks (@susanwbrooks) june 15, 2017 republicans huddle on the field b4 the game. lot of them battling emotion right now, a frog in their throats, 1 said pic.twitter.com/u0bxlbo29u — rachael bade (@rachaelmbade) june 15, 2017 def been at nats games with smaller crowds. huge turnout of support at congressional baseball game. pic.twitter.com/pwqdijqnvw — carl hulse (@hillhulse) june 16, 2017 ty @capitolpolice officer david bailey for your courage, your selflessness, and the example you set. #congressionalbaseballgame pic.twitter.com/yxrrvc2tqo — rep. charlie dent (@repcharliedent) june 16, 2017 ds & rs pray before the #congressionalbaseballgame. this actually happens more than most americans know. glad the nation could join this one pic.twitter.com/rb2plamw6f — sen. james lankford (@senatorlankford) june 15, 2017 it's a great bipartisan tradition i look forward to every year #congressionalbaseballgame pic.twitter.com/fzjljoblln — raul ruiz (@congressmanruiz) june 15, 2017 ivanka trump made an appearance: big thanks to @ivankatrump for coming out to support the #congressionalbaseballgame! pic.twitter.com/qfeeygpvgh — dennis ross (@repdennisross) june 15, 2017 great to see so many coming together to honor victims and heroes from yesterday's tragedy, support charity and play ball ⚾️ #congressionalbaseballgame a post shared by ivanka trump (@ivankatrump) on jun 15, 2017 at 5:25pm pdt a jayhawk and a wildcat - bipartisanship at its finest for the #congressionalbaseballgame pic.twitter.com/esjfbuwk0u — rep. kevin yoder (@repkevinyoder) june 15, 2017 congrats to the democrats on a well-earned win tonight, and thanks to those who came and helped us raise a record $1.5 million for charity. pic.twitter.com/iigrvdwxne — jeff flake (@jeffflake) june 16, 2017 good reads from elsewhere: -- politico, "gop sirens blaze over georgia special election," by alex isenstadt: “[republicans] are preparing for the possibility of an unnerving defeat that could spur lawmakers to distance themselves from trump and his already-troubled legislative agenda … one private party poll [shows] 30-year-old democrat jon ossoff opening up a more than five-point lead in the republican-oriented, suburban atlanta seat. ‘if we’re losing upper middle class, suburban seats in the south to a 30-year-old progressive liberal, we would be foolish not to be deeply concerned about the possibility that would exist for a tidal wave election for democrats in 2018,’ said chip lake, a georgia-based republican strategist and former capitol hill chief of staff … the president shoulders some of the blame for the gop’s predicament … handel’s fade in the polls has coincided with the ratcheting up of trump’s russia-related troubles.” -- the new yorker, “protesting trump on his birthday,” by colin moynihan: “trump tower no longer attracts the thousands of protesters who gathered on fifth avenue in the days after the election, but [some] have continued to use the building as a setting for quieter forms of protest … [many of which] take place on an outdoor fifth-floor terrace, which is one of several privately owned public spaces [within trump’s building]. ‘when we realized we could school him inside of his own home, it seemed like an opportunity that was too good to pass up,’ [one organizer] said. in the past few weeks, he and two other activists have created a web site, #taketrumptower, which promotes a series of direct actions ‘that utilize the skyscraper as a living lab for creative demonstration …’ and invites groups to submit events to include on a calendar. listed so far are the weekly resistance readings, … yoga sessions, meant to help prevent burnout for those participating in long-term political activism, … and a multipart performance, scheduled to coincide with trump's birthday.” -- the atlantic, “evan mcmullin’s war,” by mckay coppins: “ever since [mcmullin] quit his job as a gop policy wonk on capitol hill last year to launch a long-shot presidential bid under the never trump banner, he has been locked in near-daily battle with trump and his supporters. on any given day, he can be found on cnn rallying viewers to resist the president’s attacks on ‘our system of government,’ or in the new york times warning of america’s possible descent into despotism, or on hbo’s real time with bill maher detailing the dangers of the commander in chief’s ‘bewildering’ foreign policy. the ongoing media blitz has not escaped the attention of trump himself, who has mockingly called mcmullin ‘mcmuffin.’” hot on the left “oregon becomes first state to add third gender to driver’s licenses,” from nbc news: “oregon became the first state in u.s. history on thursday to offer more than two gender options on identity documents, including driver's licenses, making it the first to legally recognize non-binary, intersex and agender people on id cards. when the history-making rule… goes into effect on july 3, oregon residents will have the option to choose among three gender categories when applying for driver's licenses or state id cards: male, female and ‘x’ for non-binary or unspecified.” hot on the right “shots fired at truck with 'make america great again' flag in indiana,” from washington examiner: “indiana state police said a chevrolet malibu with louisiana license plates pulled up next to the truck along i-465 in indianapolis and a male passenger pointed a handgun out the window and fired "several shots" at the blue 2001 dodge pickup truck. no injuries were reported. the truck was also displaying an american flag along with the ‘make america great again’ flag.” daybook: president trump will travel to miami to give a speech and sign a new policy on u.s. relations with cuba. he'll return to the white house later in the day. vice president pence will accompany the president to miami and then fly to indianapolis for an event with the great america committee. quote of the day: washington free beacon editor matt continetti said yesterday on mtp daily, "we're moving from a reality tv presidency to a court tv presidency." news you can use if you live in d.c.: -- highs will be in the low-to-mid 80’s today with a chance of thunderstorms in the early evening, the capital weather gang forecasts: “it’s a muggy start, maybe some patchy drizzle still around early, with southwesterly breezes around 5 mph stirring the air slightly. under partly to mostly cloudy skies, we get up to the low-to-mid 80s for highs. not quite hot. we may be rain-free for much of the day, until rain chances arrive again by rush hour as thunderstorms possibly roll through us during the afternoon into the evening hours.” -- the nationals beat the mets 8-3, with gio gonzalez pitching. but, but, but: “the nationals’ bullpen is one of the worst since 1980, and closer is the least of its problems,” neil greenberg argues. -- virginia gov. terry mcauliffe (d) will hand over a list of 206,000 convicted felons whose voting rights he restored to settle a civil lawsuit, laura vozzella reports. -- wine executive david trone is toying with the idea of another run for office in maryland, either for montgomery county executive or, if rep. john delaney (d) runs for governor, the sixth congressional district, bill turque reports. -- gov. larry hogan (r) said that maryland’s gop is “better, stronger and more relevant” and predicted that they would sweep state elections next year, ovetta wiggins reports. -- the pennsylvania man accused of bringing a military-style rifle to trump international hotel was sent back to jail for posting “disturbing” images after wednesday’s shooting in alexandria, keith l. alexander reports. -- former d.c. councilman jim graham, who led the largest gay men’s clinic during the aids epidemic, died this week, paul schwartzman and justin wm. moyer report. videos of the day: it has been exactly two years since trump launched his presidential campaign. and his policies today look quite a bit different than they did the day he came down that escalator: a look at the grim history behind lawmakers who have been victims of gun violence: barack obama congratulated jay-z on his songwriters hall of fame award: jimmy fallon commented on the poor timing of the president’s birthday: and stephen colbert trumpeted robert mueller’s “all-star legal team”:

kərɪr ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən ɪn ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈɪndəstri ɪz ˈtrɪki. ðə ˈɪndəstri ɪz ˈfɛrli jəŋ, ənd ɪt muvz æt ə ˈbreɪkˌnɛk peɪs. ʤɑb rɪkˈwaɪrmənts hæv bɪˈkəm mɔr ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzd ənd ˈlɔfti, ˈɔfən wɪˈθaʊt kəˈmɛnsərɪt ˌkɑmpənˈseɪʃən. mɔˈroʊvər, waɪl ðɛr ər ˈsɛvərəl ləˈʤɪtəmət ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən sɪˈkjʊrəti ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃənz, ðɛr ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz ðət sɛl ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃənz ər ˈtreɪnɪŋ, ˈsəmˌtaɪmz wɪθ ˈlɛsər kˈwɑləti. ðɪs poʊst wɪl ɪkˈsplɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən sɪˈkjʊrəti ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃənz ənd ˈəðər minz tɪ ɛnˈhæns jʊr kərɪr. ˈmɛni ʤɑb ˈsikərz ər ərkt wɪn ðeɪ si ər ˈəðər ˈsɔrsəz rɪˈpɔrt ðət ˈθaʊzənz əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən sɪˈkjʊrəti pəˈzɪʃənz wɪl nid tɪ bi fɪld ɪn ðə nɛkst fju jɪrz. wət ɪf ðɪs ɪz mɪsˈlidɪŋ, ər ˈoʊnli ə ˈpɑrʃəl ˈpɪkʧər əv ˌriˈæləˌti? wət ɪf ðɛr ɪz ə smɔl ˈnəmbər əv high-paying*, θˈrɪlɪŋ, ˈfæsəˌneɪtɪŋ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən sɪˈkjʊrəti ʤɑbz; ənd ə groʊɪŋ ˈnəmbər əv ˈævərɪʤ, ʤɑbz? ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən sɪˈkjʊrəti rɪˈkrutmənt ˈɛkspərt, li ˈkəʃnər geɪv ən ɪgˈzæmpəl wɛr hi wɑz ˈsərʧɪŋ fər ə ˈkænədɪt wɪθ kəmˈbaɪnd ˈtɛknɪkəl ənd ˈlidərˌʃɪp ˌɛkspərˈtiz. hi ˈnoʊtɪd ɪt ɪz hɑrd tɪ faɪnd. ˈkænədɪts ˈɔfən hæv wən ər ðə ˈəðər, nɑt boʊθ. ˈlidərˌʃɪp, ˈnɛtˌwərkɪŋ, ənd ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈtreɪnɪŋ ər ˈkrɪtɪkəl. ˈkəʃnər ɪz noʊ fæn əv ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃənz; bət səm ˈpɑzət ðət ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃənz hərt, əˈspɛʃəli ɪf ɪt ɪz ˈərli ɪn jʊr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən sɪˈkjʊrəti kərɪr. ɪn meɪ 2014 ˈblɛvɪnz, rɪˈpɔrtər æt searchsecurity*, riˈvɪzətɪd ðə ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ dəˈbeɪt əˈbaʊt sɪˈkjʊrəti ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃənz. hi æst ˈkəʃnər, ədˈvaɪs wʊd ju ˈɔfər tɪ ˈsəmˌwən hu wɔnts tɪ muv frəm ə ˈrɛlətɪvli ˌloʊˈlɛvəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz roʊl tɪ ə sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈmænɪʤmənt ər ˈlidərˌʃɪp role?”*?” ˈkəʃnər rɪˈplaɪd, θɪŋk ðət wət ðeɪ ʃʊd du ɪz ðeɪ ʃʊd faɪnd ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈprɑʤɛkts wɛr ðeɪ kən lɛnd ðɛr ˌɛkspərˈtiz. ðɛr ðeɪ kən stɑrt ˈteɪkɪŋ mɔr əv ə ˈlidərˌʃɪp roʊl ˌɪnˈtərnəli. ðə bɛst weɪ tɪ stɑrt trænˈzɪʃənɪŋ jʊr ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪz baɪ ˈteɪkɪŋ riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti ˌɪnˈtərnəli, ˈrəðər ðən ˈlʊkɪŋ ɪkˈstərnəli. ðət saʊnz kəmˈplitli ˈstupɪd ˈkəmɪŋ frəm ə rɪˈkrutər. bət ðət ɪz ˈrɪli wɛr ɪt kəmz daʊn. ju hæv jʊr bɛst ˌɪnˈtərnəl caché*é wɪn ju hæv ɔˈrɛdi bɪlt ən ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən, ər ə brænd fər yourself.”*.” ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər 2012 ˌʤɛrəˈmaɪə ˈgroʊsmən, ˈfaʊndər ənd ˈsiˌiˈoʊ əv sɪˈkjʊrəti, tweeted*, ˈʧælənʤ ɪz ðə juʤ ˈʃɔrtɪʤ əv kˈwɑləˌfaɪd proʊz: ˈbɪldərz, ˈbreɪkərz, defenders…”*…” wɪʧ sɪˈkjʊrəti ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃənz ər ˈwərθˈwaɪl? haʊ wɛl rɪˈspɛktɪd ɪz ˈsərtəˌfaɪd ˈɛθɪkəl ˈhækər (ceh*)? ɪf ju ər goʊɪŋ tɪ saɪn əp fər ˈtreɪnɪŋ, æsk fər ə ˈkɑpi əv ðə ˈsɪləbəs. ɪf ɪt ɪz aʊt əv deɪt, kəmˈpleɪn, ənd wɔk əˈweɪ. moʊst ˈkɔrsɪz ər dɪˈzaɪnd fər ðə ɪgˈzæm. ðɪs minz ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs muvz sˈloʊli. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, wən kɔrs ˈɔfərd baɪ ə ˈhaɪli rɪˈspɛktɪd əˈθɔrəti juzd ðə oʊld ˈbækˌtræk ˌpɛnəˈtreɪʃən ˈtɛstɪŋ ˈplætˌfɔrm wɪn ˈlɪnəks wɑz əˈveɪləbəl. wɪn æst waɪ ðə ˈsɪləbəs wɑz nɑt ˈkɑrənt, ðə ˌɪnˈstrəktər ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd ðət ðə ˈsɪləbəs mæpt tɪ ðə ɪgˈzæm ðət wɑz stɪl ɔn ˈbækˌtræk. ðə bæd gaɪz ˈwəri əˈbaʊt səʧ ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃənz, ðeɪ ˈprɑbəˌbli læf æt. ɪf ju ər nu tɪ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən sɪˈkjʊrəti, meɪ bi ˈhɛlpfəl ˈgɪtɪŋ ən ˈɪntərvˌju, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt meɪ nɑt sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli ˌɪnˈkris jʊr ˈsæləri. ˈhævɪŋ ə ˌmaɪˈsɛlf, aɪ kən tɛl ju nɑt ˈtrɪviəl tɪ gɪt ər rikˈwaɪərz aʊərz əv ˈstədi əˈkrɔs ˈmɛni sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈdɪsəplənz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə ˈvælju əv ənd ˈəðər ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃənz rɪˈmeɪnz ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl: ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd baɪ ˈjumən ˈrisɔrsɪz. mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈərli ɪn kərɪr, ər fər ˈpərsənz trænˈzɪʃənɪŋ frəm ə ˈdɪfərənt fild. prəˈvaɪdz ˈθɪri; bət nɑt ˈtreɪnɪŋ. sænz 2014 ˈsərˌveɪ ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd ˈsæləri ˌɪnˈkrisɪz əv əp tɪ 5 fər ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃənz ðɛr ɪz ə ˈbɪgər ˈsæləri gæp fər ðoʊz hu hæv kəmˈplitɪd ʤɪst haɪ skul, bachelor’s*, ər ˈgræʤəˌweɪt dɪˈgri: fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ðoʊz sɪˈkjʊrəti prəˈfɛʃənəlz wɪθ bɪtˈwin fɔr ənd sɪks jɪrz əv ɪkˈspɪriəns ənd ˈoʊnli ə haɪ skul dɪˈploʊmɑ nɛt ən ˈævərɪʤ ˈsæləri əv ə prəˈfɛʃənəl wɪθ ðə seɪm ɪkˈspɪriəns ənd ə ˈbæʧələrz dɪˈgri ərnz ən əv pər jɪr, waɪl ə ˈmæstərz dɪˈgri ər ˈɛmˈbiˈeɪ ˈkɔrələts wɪθ əˈnəðər lɑrʤ bəmp ɪn ˈævərɪʤ peɪ tɪ pər ˈkəʃnər steɪts, "ɑr klaɪənts ˈnɛvər seɪ ðɛl peɪ fər ə ˈkænədɪt tɪ fɪl ə spɪˈsɪfɪk roʊl, bət ɪf ðeɪv gɑt ə ˈsərtən cert*, ðɛl peɪ səm ˈɑrgju ðət ˈlidərˌʃɪp, ˈnɛtˌwərkɪŋ, pləs ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈtreɪnɪŋ ɪz mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ðən ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃənz. ðɪs minz ðɛr ɪz greɪt ˈvælju ɪn ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ prəˈfɛʃənəl ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz, əˈtɛndɪŋ ˈkɑnfərənsəz, ənd ˈnərʧərɪŋ ˌwəˈtɛvər ju ər ˈpæʃənət əˈbaʊt. ðə ˈkɑnfərəns ɪz ɪkˈspɛnsɪv; bət ðɛr ər ɪn ˈmɛni ˈmeɪʤər ˈsɪtiz. ˈmɛni ˈoʊnli kɔst 10 ənd ˌɪnˈklud fri fud, bɪr, ənd dɔr ˈpraɪzɪz. ju kən geɪn fri ədˈmɪʃən tɪ ˈmɛni ˈkɑnfərənsəz baɪ ˌvɔlənˈtɪrɪŋ. wət kən ju du? ðɛr ər ˈmɛni stɛps ju kən teɪk tɪ əˈʧiv jʊr ˈɑptɪməl pəˈtɛnʃəl, gɪt peɪd mɔr, ənd əˈʧiv ˈgreɪtər ʤɑb ˌsætɪsˈfækʃən. rɪˈspɛktɪd sɪˈkjʊrəti ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃənz rɪˈmeɪn ˈvæljəbəl. kənˈsɪdər ˌɪnˈvɛstɪŋ ðə taɪm ənd ˈɛfərt, dɪˈfɛnd əˈgɛnst ˈbərˌnaʊt. ðə ˈlændˌmɑrk ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən fərst dɪˈlɪvərd æt ðə 2011 ˈɛˈleɪˈɛs ˈveɪgəs, ðɛn æt ðə ˈkɑnfərəns, baɪ ʤɑʃ ˈkɔrmən, ʤæk ˈdænjəl ənd ˈəðərz, ɪn ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən security,”*,” ʃɛd laɪt ɔn ðə ˈtɑpɪk, ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ɪt aʊt əv ðə ˈklɑzət, ənd ˈɪntu ðə ˈfɔrˌgraʊnd. bi riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ˈmeɪkɪŋ jʊr ʤɑb mɔr kəmˈpɛlɪŋ, θˈrɪlɪŋ ənd ˈsætɪsˌfaɪɪŋ. ɪf ju raɪt ʤɑb dɪˈskrɪpʃənz, ɪf ju ər ə ˈmeɪnʤər, bi riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ˈmeɪkɪŋ ʤɑbz mɔr kəmˈpɛlɪŋ, θˈrɪlɪŋ ənd ˈsætɪsˌfaɪɪŋ. ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ ədˈvæns, ər hæv ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ʃeɪp jʊr ʤɑb mɔr tɪ jʊr ˈlaɪkɪŋ, bɪld jʊr ˈlidərˌʃɪp skɪlz. ʤɔɪn ə prəˈfɛʃənəl ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən, ənd gɪt ˌɪnˈvɑlvd baɪ ˌvɔlənˈtɪrɪŋ ɪn ðɛm, səʧ ɛz owasp*, ˈɪsə, isaca*, ieee*, hackformers*, infragard*, himss*. əˈtɛnd sɪˈkjʊrəti kɑnz ənd ˈæktɪvli ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈkɑnfərəns, dɛfˈkɑn, blæk hæt,, shmoocon*, derbycon*, gɪv tɔks. wən ˈizi weɪ tɪ gɪv jʊr fərst tɔk ɪz tɪ ˈpɑrtnər wɪθ ə frɛnd, ənd ˈprɛzənt ɪt ɪn ˈtændəm. ˌvɑlənˈtɪr, fid jʊr ˈpæʃən. gɪt ˌɪnˈvɑlvd wɪθ grups laɪk www.iamthecavalry.org*, ðeɪ ər ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ˌvɑlənˈtɪrz ɪn ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ doʊˈmeɪnz: ˈmɛdɪkəl dɪˈvaɪsɪz, ˌɔtəˈmoʊtɪv, hoʊm, ˈpəblɪk ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər. ɪz ɪt ˈiziər tɪ bi ə bæd gaɪ? ðə dɛfˈkɑn 17 ˌprɛzənˈteɪʃən, ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən sɪˈkjʊrəti kərɪr planning,”*,” baɪ li ˈkəʃnər ənd maɪk ˈməri ˌɪnˈkludɪd səm səˈpraɪzɪŋ ˈsərˌveɪ rɪˈzəlts: mɔr ðən 50 əv rɪˈspɑndənts ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd ðeɪ ər lɛs ðən ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd wɪθ ðɛr ʤɑbz. ˈoʊnli 21 sɛd ðeɪ ər mɔr ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd. ɪf ðə bæd gaɪz ər ˈhæpiər ðən wi ər, haʊ kən wi bit ðɛm? hɑ! baɪ ˈbitɪŋ ðɛm, wɪθ ɔl ðə stɛps ˈaʊˌtlaɪnd! əˈbaʊt ɑr gɛst ˈblɔgər, klɛr ˈnɛlsən, klɛr ɪz vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈbɪznɪs dɪˈvɛləpmənt fər ˈmoʊbəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈlidər, metaintelli*. ʃi roʊt ɪnˈkrɪptɪd ˈvɛriənts fər ˈərli ɪn hər kərɪr. ˈleɪtər ʃi wərkt ɪn ˈprɑdəkt ˈmænɪʤmənt, ðɛn ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ənd seɪlz. klɛr ɪz ə ˈmɛmbər əv ˈɔstən owasp*, himss*, ənd ˈɪsə ˈʧæptərz. ʃi wɑz ɪˈlɛktɪd tɪ ðə ˈɔstən ˈɪsə bɔrd ɪn 2012 ənd 2013 ənd ɪz əv c1ph3r_qu33ns*. ʃi həz ə dɪˈgri ɪn ˌmæθəˈmætɪks, ənd ɪz ðə 2014 ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ ˈjoʊgə ˈnæʃənəl ˈʧæmpiən.

career navigation in the information security industry is tricky. the industry is fairly young, and it moves at a breakneck pace. job requirements have become more specialized and lofty, often without commensurate compensation. moreover, while there are several legitimate information security certifications, there are also organizations that sell certifications or training, sometimes with lesser quality. this post will explore information security certifications and other means to enhance your career. many job seekers are irked when they see (isc)2 or other sources report that thousands of information security positions will need to be filled in the next few years. what if this is misleading, or only a partial picture of reality? what if there is a small number of high-paying, thrilling, fascinating information security jobs; and a growing number of average, not-so-interesting jobs? information security recruitment expert, lee kushner gave an example where he was searching for a candidate with combined technical and leadership expertise. he noted it is hard to find. candidates often have one or the other, not both. leadership, networking, and ongoing training are critical. kushner is no fan of certifications; but some posit that certifications can’t hurt, especially if it is early in your information security career. in may 2014, brandan blevins, reporter at searchsecurity, revisited the ongoing debate about security certifications. he asked kushner, “what advice would you offer to someone who wants to move from a relatively low-level security operations role to a security management or leadership role?” kushner replied, “i think that what they should do is they should find internal projects where they can lend their expertise. there they can start taking more of a leadership role internally. the best way to start transitioning your experience is by taking responsibility internally, rather than looking externally. that sounds completely stupid coming from a recruiter. but that is really where it comes down. you have your best internal caché when you have already built an internal reputation, or a brand for yourself.” in october 2012, jeremiah grossman, founder and ceo of whitehat security, tweeted, “…biggest appsec challenge is the huge shortage of qualified pros: builders, breakers, defenders…” which security certifications are worthwhile? how well respected is certified ethical hacker (ceh)? if you are going to sign up for ceh training, ask for a copy of the syllabus. if it is out of date, complain, and walk away. most ceh courses are designed for the ceh exam. this means the process moves slowly. for example, one ceh course offered by a highly respected authority used the old backtrack penetration testing platform when kali linux was available. when asked why the syllabus was not current, the instructor indicated that the syllabus mapped to the exam that was still on backtrack. the bad guys don’t worry about such certifications, they probably laugh at ceh. if you are new to information security, cissp may be helpful getting an interview, although it may not significantly increase your salary. having a cissp myself, i can tell you it’s not trivial to get or maintain–it requires hours of study across many security disciplines. however, the value of cissp and other certifications remains controversial: recognized by human resources. more important early in one’s career, or for persons transitioning from a different field. provides theory; but not training. sans 2014 survey indicated salary increases of up to 5% for certifications there is a bigger salary gap for those who have completed just high school, bachelor’s, or graduate degree: for example, those security professionals with between four and six years of experience and only a high school diploma net an average salary of $75,938. a professional with the same experience and a bachelor's degree earns an of $84,619 per year, while a master's degree or mba correlates with another large bump in average pay to $97,109 per year.[1] kushner states, "our clients never say they'll pay $100,000 for a candidate to fill a specific role, but if they've got a certain cert, they'll pay $120,000." some argue that leadership, networking, plus ongoing training is more important than certifications. this means there is great value in joining professional organizations, attending conferences, and nurturing whatever you are passionate about. the rsa conference is expensive; but there are bsides in many major cities. many bsides only cost $10, and include free food, beer, and door prizes. you can gain free admission to many conferences by volunteering. what can you do? there are many steps you can take to achieve your optimal potential, get paid more, and achieve greater job satisfaction. respected security certifications remain valuable. consider investing the time and effort, defend against burnout. the landmark presentation first delivered at the 2011 bsides las vegas, then at the rsa conference, by josh corman, jack daniel and others, “burnout in information security,” shed light on the topic, bringing it out of the closet, and into the foreground. be responsible for making your job more compelling, thrilling and satisfying. if you write job descriptions, if you are a manger, be responsible for making jobs more compelling, thrilling and satisfying. if you want to advance, or have the ability to shape your job more to your liking, build your leadership skills. join a professional organization, and get involved by volunteering in them, such as owasp, issa, isaca, ieee, hackformers, infragard, himss. attend security cons and actively network rsa conference, defcon, black hat, bsides, shmoocon, derbycon, lascon give talks. one easy way to give your first talk is to partner with a friend, and present it in tandem. volunteer, feed your passion. get involved with groups like www.iamthecavalry.org, they are looking for volunteers in the following domains: medical devices, automotive, home, public infrastructure. is it easier to be a bad guy? the defcon 17 presentation, “effective information security career planning,” by lee kushner and mike murray included some surprising survey results: more than 50% of respondents indicated they are less than satisfied with their jobs. only 21% said they are more satisfied. if the bad guys are happier than we are, how can we beat them? ha! by beating them, with all the steps i’ve outlined! about our guest blogger, clare nelson, cissp – clare is vice president business development for mobile security leader, metaintelli. she wrote encrypted tcp/ip variants for nsa early in her career. later she worked in product management, then marketing and sales. clare is a member of austin owasp, himss, and issa chapters. she was elected to the austin issa board in 2012 and 2013; and is co-founder of c1ph3r_qu33ns. she has a degree in mathematics, and is the 2014 usa yoga national champion.

waɪl baɪz ˈhævənt kəm bæk fər ˈməni ɪn ðə bæŋk jɛt, ˈəðər ˈɪndəˌkeɪtərz hæv ˈdɛfənətli bɪn gʊd saɪnz fər pəŋk ənd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ hiz dən ˈoʊvər ðə læst mənθ: ˈrɛsəlɪŋ ˈwɛbˌsaɪts, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ɑrz, hæv sin bɪg ˈtræfɪk ənd pɑrˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən spaɪks. spɪˈsɪfɪk tɪ ðɪs saɪt, ɑr ˈrɛkərd ˈtræfɪk deɪ wɑz ðə deɪ ˈæftər ˈməni ɪn ðə bæŋk ənd ˌʤuˈlaɪ 2011 həz bɪn ɑr ˈrɛkərd mənθ. waɪl ˈnɔrməli ðət meɪ bi ʤɪst bi ˌɪnˈdɪkətɪv əv ˈsupər biɪŋ ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ən ˈæŋgəl jʊd ɪkˈspɛkt ðɛm tɪ ləv, ə lɔt əv ðə nu ˈtræfɪk hir æt list həz kəm frəm sərʧ ˈɪnʤən rɪˈfərəlz. ə səbˈstænʃəl əˈmaʊnt əv ˈpipəl hæv bɪn ˈsərʧɪŋ fər "bɛst ɪn ðə wərld" ʃərt. ˈspikɪŋ əv wɪʧ... hɪz ˈmərʧənˌdaɪz seɪlz, ˈɑrgjuəbli ðə bɛst geɪʤ ənˈtɪl wi hæv baɪz, wər ɔˈrɛdi strɔŋ. sɪns hɪz ˈproʊˌmoʊ ɪn ˈɛˈleɪˈɛs ˈveɪgəs, ðeɪ hæv ɪkˈsploʊdɪd. hɪz ʃərts hæv soʊld aʊt æt ərˈinəz waɪl ðeɪ kˈwɪkli soʊld aʊt əv moʊst ˈsaɪzɪz æt wweshop.com*. ɪn ðə fju deɪz, ɔl ˈædəlt ˈsaɪzɪz kəmˈplitli soʊld aʊt ˈɔnˌlaɪn. ðə "bɛst ɪn ðə wərld" ʃərt soʊld aʊt æt ðə ˈɔlˌsteɪt ərˈinə wɪˈθɪn ˈmɪnəts əv ðə ˈməni ɪn ðə bæŋk ʃoʊ ˈstɑrtɪŋ. dɪˈmænd fər ðə ʃərt wɑz soʊ strɔŋ ðət ˈpipəl wər peɪɪŋ ɛz məʧ ɛz 585 pləs ˈʃɪpɪŋ fər ðə ʃərt ɔn ˈiˌbeɪ ənd ˈkaʊnərˌfɪts wər kˈwɪkli ˈlɪstɪd. ɪts naʊ stɑkt ɔn wweshop*, ɔlˈbiɪt ɪn ə ˈmɑdəˌfaɪd ˈvərʒən wɪˈθaʊt "ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ ɔn ðə bæk ˈəndər "bɛst ɪn ðə wərld." hiz ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈmeɪnˌstrim əˈtɛnʃən, laɪk hɪz əˈpɪrəns ɔn ˈʤɪmi ˈkɪməl lɪv. waɪl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈreɪtɪŋz fər fʊl ʃoʊz hæv bɪn ˈstægnənt, ðoʊz doʊnt ˈɔlˌweɪz rɪˈflɛkt ˈbɪznɪs. wɑz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈmeɪʤər ˈprɑˌgrɛs ɪn 1997 ənd ˈərli 1998 waɪl wɑz ˈhæmərɪŋ ðɛm ɪn ðə ˈreɪtɪŋz wɔr, pləs pərˈmoʊʃənz ɪn ðə laɪk wərld klæs ənd ðə wər duɪŋ ɪn juʤ ˈmɑrkɪts ðeɪ ˈkʊdənt drɔ flaɪz ɪn lɪv. pləs, ðə ˈoʊvərˌɔl rɑ ˈreɪtɪŋz wər pʊld daʊn baɪ ðə ˌsɛgˈmɛnts ðət wərənt. ɔn ðə ˈməni ɪn ðə bæŋk ʃoʊ, hɪz tu ˌsɛgˈmɛnts wər ðə ˈoʊnli wənz tɪ geɪn vjuərz, ənd ðoʊz ˌsɛgˈmɛnts dɪd soʊ ɪn lɑrʤ ˈvɑljum. pəŋk hɪmˈsɛlf ˈnoʊtɪd ɔn bɪl ˈsɪmənz' ˈpɔdˌkæst ðət ðə ˈrisənt pərˈmoʊʃən əv ɪm həz lɛd tɪ ɪm biɪŋ ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd ɪn ˈpəblɪk əˈbaʊt tɛn taɪmz ɛz ˈɔfən ɛz hi ˈnɔrməli ɪz. ˈlɪvɪŋ "kəlt əv ˌpərsəˈnælɪti," nu ˈɛntrəns mˈjuzɪk peɪɪŋ fər ɪt ɪz ə klɪr saɪn ðeɪ si ˈvælju ɪn ɪm, fər wət ɪts wərθ), həz bɪn ˈskaɪˌrɑkətɪŋ əp ðə ˈaɪˌtunz tɔp sɔŋz lɪst sɪns ˈmənˌdeɪ naɪt. ɛz əv raɪt naʊ, ɪts 97 ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs, 55 ɪn ðə uk*. ɪts ˈpleɪsmənt ɔn ðə rɑk ʧɑrts ɪz ˈivɪn mɔr ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv: 1 ɪn ðə uk*, 3 ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs, ənd 5 ɪn ˈaɪərlənd. ðə 2010 ˈvərʒən ɪz 24 ɪn ˈæməˌzɑn rɑk sɔŋz ʧɑrt, ənd həz bɪn ɪn ðə tɔp 100 rɑk sɔŋz fər tu deɪz. ɪn ðə ˈæməˌzɑn "ˈmuvərz ˈʃeɪkərz" ʧɑrt fər ˈbɪgəst geɪnz ɪn ðə læst 24 aʊərz (wɪʧ minz aɪ ˈʃʊdəv lʊkt ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ fər ðə ˈrɪli ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ˈfɪgjərz), ðə 2010 ˈvərʒən ɪz 63 (seɪlz əp 17 frəm ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ) ənd ðə 1988 ərˈɪʤənəl ɪz 65 (seɪlz əp 16 frəm ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ). aɪ doʊnt noʊ ɪf ˈɛni əv ðə sɔŋz hæv bɪn ˈʧɑrtɪŋ sɪns ðeɪv bɪn ˈpʊʃɪŋ ðə ˈaɪˌtunz ˈdaʊnˌloʊdz wɪθ ˈgræfɪks ɔn ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən, bət aɪ daʊt ɪt, sɪns wʊd moʊst ˈlaɪkli bræg əˈbaʊt ɪt ˌɪnˈsɛsəntli ɔn ˈkɑmənˌtɛri ənd ɪn "dɪd ju noʊ?" ˈbəmpərz. ˈɛntrəns mˈjuzɪk ˈælbəmz hæv ˈɔlsoʊ nɑt dən wɛl ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz. ˈɑnəstli, ðoʊ, aɪd bi ʃɑkt ɪf baɪz fər ˈməni ɪn ðə bæŋk wərənt əp ˈnoʊtɪsəbli frəm læst jɪr ənd ˈrisənt" ʃoʊz. ˈɪntəˌrɛst wɑz juʤ ənd ðə ˈæŋgəl wɑz hɑt wɪθ ˈædəlt vjuərz, hu hæv dɪˈspoʊzəbəl ˈɪnˌkəm, ɛz əˈpoʊzd tɪ ˈʧɪldrən, hu doʊnt. ˈivɪn ɪf ˈməni ɪn ðə bæŋk ˈdɪdənt gɪt ə bust ˈoʊvər læst jɪrz ʃoʊ ənd ˈrisənt ʃoʊz," wɪʧ aɪ daʊt, ɔl saɪnz pɔɪnt təˈwɔrdz pəŋk biɪŋ ɔn faɪər.

while ppv buys haven't come back for money in the bank yet, other indicators have definitely been good signs for cm punk and everything he's done over the last month: wrestling websites, including ours, have seen big traffic and participation spikes. specific to this site, our record traffic day was the day after money in the bank and july 2011 has been our record month. while normally that may be just be indicative of super hardcores being interested in an angle you'd expect them to love, a lot of the new traffic here at least has come from search engine referrals. a substantial amount of people have been searching for punk's "best in the world" shirt. speaking of which... his merchandise sales, arguably the best gauge until we have ppv buys, were already strong. since his promo in las vegas, they have exploded. his shirts have sold out at arenas while they quickly sold out of most sizes at wweshop.com. in the few days, all adult sizes completely sold out online. the "best in the world" shirt sold out at the allstate arena within minutes of the money in the bank show starting. demand for the shirt was so strong that people were paying as much as $585 plus shipping for the shirt on ebay and counterfeits were quickly listed. it's now stocked on wweshop, albeit in a modified version without "chicago 7x17x11" on the back under "best in the world." he's getting mainstream attention, like his appearance on jimmy kimmel live. while tv ratings for full shows have been stagnant, those don't always reflect business. wwe was making major progress in 1997 and early 1998 while wcw was hammering them in the ratings war, plus promotions in the '80s like world class and the uwf were doing in huge markets they couldn't draw flies in live. plus, the overall raw ratings were pulled down by the segments that weren't punk's. on the money in the bank go-home show, his two segments were the only ones to gain viewers, and those segments did so in large volume. punk himself noted on bill simmons' podcast that the recent promotion of him has led to him being recognized in public about ten times as often as he normally is. living colour's "cult of personality," punk's new entrance music (wwe paying for it is a clear sign they see value in him, for what it's worth), has been skyrocketing up the itunes top songs list since monday night. as of right now, it's #97 in the us, #55 in the uk. its placement on the rock charts is even more impressive: #1 in the uk, #3 in the us, and #5 in ireland. the 2010 re-recorded version is #24 in amazon mp3's rock songs chart, and has been in the top 100 rock songs for two days. in the amazon "movers & shakers" chart for biggest gains in the last 24 hours (which means i should've looked yesterday for the really interesting figures), the 2010 version is #63 (sales up 17% from yesterday) and the 1988 original is #65 (sales up 16% from yesterday). i don't know if any of the wwe-produced songs have been charting since they've been pushing the itunes downloads with graphics on tv, but i doubt it, since wwe would most likely brag about it incessantly on commentary and in "did you know?" bumpers. wwe entrance music albums have also not done well in recent years. honestly, though, i'd be shocked if ppv buys for money in the bank weren't up noticeably from last year and recent "b-level" shows. interest was huge and the angle was hot with adult viewers, who have disposable income, as opposed to children, who don't. even if money in the bank didn't get a boost over last year's show and recent "b-level shows," which i doubt, all signs point towards punk being on fire.

ʧaɪld ˈpɑvərti, ɪˈvɪkʃən, ˈspɛʃəl ˈdaɪəˌtɛri nidz goʊɪŋ ənˈmɛt, ɪl hɛlθ, strit ˈhoʊmləsnəs, dɪˈprɛʃən, ˈsuɪˌsaɪd əˈtɛmpts, self-harming*, riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪps ˈfrækʧərɪŋ, juˈtɪlətiz biɪŋ ˌdɪskəˈnɛktɪd, ˈpipəl wɪθ ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ kənˈdɪʃənz biɪŋ ˈsɛkʃənd, ˈkleɪmənts fɔrst tɪ bɛg, goʊ θru bɪnz ər stil tɪ sərˈvaɪv ɔl əv ðiz θɪŋz hæv bɪn wɛl ˈdɑkjəˌmɛnəd ɛz ðə ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz əv ˈbɛnəfɪt ˈsæŋkʃənz. ənd ɔl əv ðɛm ər əkˈsɛptəbəl ɛz ˈpənɪʃmənt fər ˈmɪsɪŋ ə ˈmitɪŋ wɪθ jʊr ˈfəkɪŋ wərk ˈproʊˌgræm prəˈvaɪdər ðə vaɪl pɑrˈtɪsəpənts ɪn ˈwərkˌfɛr ˈkɑnfərəns bɪˈliv. ˈɔlˌmoʊst wən ˈmɪljən ˈbɛnəfɪt ˈsæŋkʃənz ər naʊ ˈhændɪd aʊt ˈɛvəri jɪr baɪ ənd ðə ˈsɛktər. ˈbɛnəfɪt ˈsæŋkʃənz ər wən əv ðə meɪn ˈrizənz soʊ ˈmɛni ˈfæməliz ər kjuɪŋ æt foodbanks*. ˈʧɪldrən ər nɑt ʤɪst goʊɪŋ ˈhəŋgri, bət wɪˈθaʊt tɔɪz, kloʊðz, deɪz aʊt, ˈkrɪsməs ər ˈbərθˌdeɪ ˈprɛzənts, ɔl bɪˈkəz ðɛr hæv kəˈmɪtɪd ðə kraɪm əv biɪŋ ˌənɛmˈplɔɪd. ˈnoʊwən ɪz lɛft aʊt. sɪk ər dɪˈseɪbəld ˈkleɪmənts, faʊnd əˈneɪbəl tɪ wərk æt ˈprɛzənt, kən stɪl bi sɛnt ɔn ˈwərkˌfɛr ər feɪs biɪŋ plənʤd ˈɪntu ˈdɛstəˌtuʃən baɪ ˈsæŋkʃənz. frəm ðə ˈgəʃɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈhæʃˌtæg fər ˈkɑnfərəns ɪt ɪz klɪr ðoʊz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðɪs vɪnˈdɪktɪv rəˈʒim ər praʊd əv wət ðeɪ du. ðeɪ ɪkˈspɛkt ˈjuˈɛs tɪ bɪˈliv ðeɪ ər ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈpipəl, wɪn ɔl ðeɪ ər ˈrɪli duɪŋ ɪz ˈhɛlpɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz tɪ ˈbɪljənz əv paʊnz əv tæks ˈməni. ˈbɪgəst ˈbɛnəfɪt skæm ɪz beɪst ɔn ðə laɪ ðət ˌənɪmˈplɔɪmənt ɪz kɔzd baɪ ˌənɛmˈplɔɪd ˈpipəl ənd ðət ˈnoʊwən ˈɛvər ˈmænɪʤɪz tɪ faɪnd ə ʤɑb wɪˈθaʊt ðə ˈʃɑdi hɛlp əv θivz laɪk ənd g4s*. ðə truθ ɪz ðət ðeɪ ʤɪst pɪk əp juʤ ʤɑb ˈaʊtˌkəm ˈpeɪmənts ɔn ðə bæk əv ˈnɔrməl ʧərn ɪn ən ɪmˈplɔɪmənt ˈmɑrkɪt wɛr ril fʊl ɪmˈplɔɪmənt ɪz ˈniðər ˈfizəbəl nɔr dɪˈzaɪərəbəl əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə hu hɛlpt dɪˈzaɪn ðiz skimz. ə ˈfəndɪd, ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli, baɪ ðə ˈsɛktər. waɪlst ðoʊz huz lɪvz ðeɪ hæv dɪˈmɑlɪʃt kju ˈaʊtˈsaɪd foodbanks*, ˈdɛləˌgeɪts æt ˈkɑnfərəns wɪl ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ə slæp əp ˈdɪnər æt ðə pləʃ kraʊn ˈplɑzə hoʊˈtɛl. səm ˈtɪkɪts fər ɪˈvɛnt kɔst ən əˈstɑnɪʃɪŋ ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈʃɔrtɪʤ əv ɑr ˈməni biɪŋ skˈwɑndərd ɔn ðɪs ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃən əv ˈbʊliɪŋ ˌənɛmˈplɔɪd, sɪk ər dɪˈseɪbəld ˈpipəl. ɪf ju ˈoʊnli du wən θɪŋ təˈmɑˌroʊ, ðɛn meɪk ʃʊr tɪ lɛt ðiz ˈpɛrəˌsaɪts noʊ wət ju θɪŋk əv ðə ˈfəkɪŋ dɪsˈgreɪs ðət ɪz ðə ˈɪndəstri. ˈvɪzɪt ˈbɔɪˌkɑt ˈwɛbˌsaɪt fər ˈɪnfoʊ ɔn haʊ tɪ ˈkɑnˌtækt ðoʊz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə ˈkɑnfərəns ənd pliz sprɛd ðə wərd. wi meɪ nɑt bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ stɑp ðiz skəm jɛt bət wi kən meɪk ʃʊr ðət ˈɛvriˌbɑdi noʊz ɪgˈzæktli wət ðiz ˈpɑvərti ˌprɑfəˈtɪrz ər əp tɪ. twit ˈjuzɪŋ ˈhæʃˌtæg saɪn ənd ʃɛr ðə pəˈtɪʃən ˈkɔlɪŋ fər ˈbɛnəfɪt ˈsæŋkʃənz tɪ bi stɑpt wɪˈθaʊt ɪkˈsɛpʃənz. ˈfɑloʊ mi ɔn tˈwɪtər ˈædvərˌtaɪzmənts

child poverty, eviction, special dietary needs going unmet, ill health, street homelessness, depression, suicide attempts, self-harming, relationships fracturing, utilities being disconnected, people with mental health conditions being sectioned, claimants forced to beg, go through bins or steal to survive – all of these things have been well documented as the consequences of benefit sanctions. and all of them are acceptable as punishment for missing a meeting with your fucking work programme provider the vile participants in tomorrow’s workfare conference believe. almost one million benefit sanctions are now handed out every year by jobcentres and the welfare-to-work sector. benefit sanctions are one of the main reasons so many families are queuing at foodbanks. children are not just going hungry, but without toys, clothes, days out, christmas or birthday presents, all because their parent’s have committed the crime of being unemployed. no-one is left out. sick or disabled claimants, found unable to work at present, can still be sent on workfare or face being plunged into destitution by sanctions. from the gushing tweets on the hashtag for tomorrow’s conference # intowork2014, it is clear those involved in this vindictive regime are proud of what they do. they expect us to believe they are helping people, when all they are really doing is helping themselves to billions of pounds of tax payer’s money. britain’s biggest benefit scam is based on the lie that unemployment is caused by unemployed people and that no-one ever manages to find a job without the shoddy help of thieves like a4e and g4s. the truth is that they just pick up huge job outcome payments on the back of normal churn in an employment market where real full employment is neither feasible nor desirable according to the think-tank who helped design these schemes. a think-tank funded, incidentally, by the welfare-to-work sector. whilst those whose lives they have demolished queue outside foodbanks, delegates at tomorrow’s conference will enjoy a slap up dinner at the plush crown plaza hotel. some tickets for tomorrow’s event cost an astonishing £450. there is no shortage of our money being squandered on this back-slapping celebration of bullying unemployed, sick or disabled people. if you only do one thing tomorrow, then make sure to let these parasites know what you think of the fucking disgrace that is the welfare-to-work industry. visit boycott workfare’s website for info on how to contact those involved in the conference and please spread the word. we may not be able to stop these scum – yet – but we can make sure that everybody knows exactly what these poverty profiteers are up to. tweet using hashtag # intowork2014 sign and share the petition calling for benefit sanctions to be stopped without exceptions. follow me on twitter @johnnyvoid advertisements

ˌɔlˈðoʊ stəˈtɪstɪkəl ˈɛvədəns ɪz nɑt ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ, ˈpɑsəbəl səˈpɔrt fər ən əˈprɑksəmətli 35 1 0 6 ɪn ðə ˈkreɪtər ˈrɛkərd ɔn ərθ kʊd ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ə ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ ɛnˈhænsmənt əv ˈmitiɔˌraɪt ˌɪmˈpækts æt ˈrɛgjələr ˈɪntərvəlz. ə prəˈpoʊzd ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən ɪn tərmz əv ˈtaɪdəl ˈifɛkts ɔn klaʊd ˈkɑmət ˌpərtərˈbeɪʃənz ɛz ðə ˈsoʊlər ˈsɪstəm ˈpæsɪz θru ðə gəˈlæktɪk ɪz ˈhæmpərd baɪ læk əv ən ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ kɔz fər səˈfɪʃəntli ɛnˈhænst ˌgrævɪˈteɪʃənəl ˈifɛkts ˈoʊvər ə səˈfɪʃəntli ʃɔrt taɪm ˈɪntərvəl ənd baɪ ðə taɪm freɪm bɪtˈwin səʧ ˈpɑsəbəl ɛnˈhænsmənts. wi ʃoʊ ðət ə smuð dɑrk dɪsk ɪn ðə gəˈlæktɪk wʊd ˈæˌdrɛs boʊθ ðiz ˈɪʃuz ənd kriˈeɪt ə ˌpɪriˈɑdɪk ɛnˈhænsmənt əv ðə sɔrt ðət həz pəˈtɛnʃəli bɪn əbˈzərvd. səʧ ə dɪsk ɪz ˈmoʊtəˌveɪtəd baɪ ə ˈnɑvəl dɑrk ˈmætər kəmˈpoʊnənt wɪθ ˈdɪsəˌpeɪtɪv ˈkulɪŋ ðət wi kənˈsɪdərd ɪn ˈərliər wərk. wi ʃoʊ haʊ tɪ ɪˈvæljuˌeɪt ðə stəˈtɪstɪkəl ˈɛvədəns fər baɪ ˈɪnˌpʊt əv əˈproʊpriˌeɪt ˈmɛʒərd praɪərz frəm ðə gəˈlæktɪk ˈmɑdəl, ˈʤəstəˌfaɪɪŋ ər ˈrulɪŋ aʊt ˌpɪriˈɑdɪk wɪθ mɔr ˈkɑnfədɛns ðən baɪ ɪˈvæljuˌeɪtɪŋ ðə ˈdætə wɪˈθaʊt ən ˌəndərˈlaɪɪŋ ˈmɑdəl. wi faɪnd ðət, ˈmɑrʤənəˌlaɪzɪŋ ˈoʊvər ənˈsərtəntiz, ðə ˈlaɪkliˌhʊd ˈreɪʃiˌoʊ fər səʧ ə ˈmɑdəl ˈrɛlətɪv tɪ wən wɪθ ə ˈkɑnstənt reɪt ɪz wɪʧ ˈmɑdərətli ˈfeɪvərz ðə dɑrk dɪsk ˈmɑdəl. ɑr æˈnælɪsɪs ˈfərðərˌmɔr jildz ə ˌpɔˈstɪrjər ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən ðət, beɪst ɔn ˈkɑrənt ˈkreɪtər ˈdætə, ˈsɪŋgəlz aʊt ə dɑrk ˈmætər dɪsk ˈsərfəs ˈdɛnsɪti əv əˈprɑksəmətli 10 ɛm ˈpiˈsi 2 ðə ˌʤiəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈrɛkərd ˈðɛrˈbaɪ ˈmoʊtəˌveɪts ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈmɑdəl əv dɑrk ˈmætər ðət wɪl bi proʊbd ɪn ðə nɪr fˈjuʧər.

although statistical evidence is not overwhelming, possible support for an approximately 35 × 1 0 6 yr periodicity in the crater record on earth could indicate a nonrandom underlying enhancement of meteorite impacts at regular intervals. a proposed explanation in terms of tidal effects on oort cloud comet perturbations as the solar system passes through the galactic midplane is hampered by lack of an underlying cause for sufficiently enhanced gravitational effects over a sufficiently short time interval and by the time frame between such possible enhancements. we show that a smooth dark disk in the galactic midplane would address both these issues and create a periodic enhancement of the sort that has potentially been observed. such a disk is motivated by a novel dark matter component with dissipative cooling that we considered in earlier work. we show how to evaluate the statistical evidence for periodicity by input of appropriate measured priors from the galactic model, justifying or ruling out periodic cratering with more confidence than by evaluating the data without an underlying model. we find that, marginalizing over astrophysical uncertainties, the likelihood ratio for such a model relative to one with a constant cratering rate is 3.0, which moderately favors the dark disk model. our analysis furthermore yields a posterior distribution that, based on current crater data, singles out a dark matter disk surface density of approximately 10 m ⊙ / pc 2 . the geological record thereby motivates a particular model of dark matter that will be probed in the near future. doi:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.112.161301

ˈpoʊstɪd ɔn ˈeɪprəl 23 2017 æt piɛm baɪ wɛst ˈsaɪdər ˌdɛlɪkəˈtɛsən æt 2290 ˈbrɔdˌweɪ bɪtˈwin ənd strit kloʊzd ɪts dɔrz fər gʊd ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ˈæftər 18 jɪrz, ˈlivɪŋ ðə ˈneɪbərˌhʊd wɪθ ən ˈoʊvərˌstəft keɪs əv ˈiˌmoʊʃənəl ˈhɑrtˌbərn. ɪz ə ˈmeɪʤər lɔs fər ðə neighborhood,”*,” roʊt ʤɛf, ə ˈkəstəmər hu toʊld ˈjuˈɛs əˈbaʊt ðə ˈkloʊzɪŋ. wɑz ˈoʊpənd baɪ ðə ˈfæməli əv ˈlɛʤənˌdɛri ˈəpər wɛst saɪd ˌrɛstərəˈtər ˈɑrti ˈkətlər ɪn 1999 ˈæftər ˈɑrti hɪmˈsɛlf hæd daɪd ɪn 1997 ɪt wɑz bət nɑt ˈkoʊʃər bif, ʧɑpt ˈlɪvər scampi*). bət ðə nu ˈoʊnər hæd ˈgɔtən ˈɪntu ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˈtrəbəl ˈrisəntli, ˈfaɪlɪŋ fər ˈbæŋkrəptsi læst jɪr. ʤɔrʤ, ən ɪmˈplɔɪi æt ðə ˈrɛˌstrɑnt, toʊld ˈjuˈɛs ðət ðə stæf wɑz stənd ənd ˈəpˌsɛt əˈbaʊt ðə ˈkloʊʒər, ənd ˈæŋʃəs əˈbaʊt ˈgɪtɪŋ ðɛr ˈpeɪˌʧɛks. ðɛr ər əˈbaʊt 70 ɪmˈplɔɪiz æt ðə ˈrɛˌstrɑnt, ʤɔrʤ sɛd. lɔt əv ðɛm hæv ˈfæməliz, ə lɔt əv ðɛm ər ˈwərkɪŋ ˈəðər jobs.”*.” (wi wər əˈneɪbəl tɪ gɪt ɪn ˈkɑnˌtækt wɪθ ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈoʊnər θru əˈnəðər ˈrɛˌstrɑnt hi oʊnz ɪn ˈmɪdˌtaʊn.) ʤɔrʤ sɛd ðət ˈkɑrənt ɪmˈplɔɪiz wʊd ləv tɪ faɪnd ə weɪ tɪ riˈoʊpən ˈsəmˌwɛr ɛls ɪn ðə ˈneɪbərˌhʊd. bət æt list fər naʊ, ˌgʊdˈbaɪ. sæd tɪ si go,”*,” roʊt ˈʤɛni ˈdeɪvɪdɔf kʊk. ˈeɪˈtin jɪrz ɪt hæd bɪn ɑr pleɪs fər bɔl sup wɪn ˈɛni əv ˈjuˈɛs wər sɪk. wi wɪl ˈdɛfənətli mɪs it!”*!” θæŋks tɪ ɛd, ʤɛf, taryn*, frænˈsin, ənd ˈəðərz fər ðə tɪps.

posted on april 23, 2017 at 5:22 pm by west sider artie’s delicatessen at 2290 broadway between 82nd and 83rd street closed its doors for good on wednesday after 18 years, leaving the neighborhood with an overstuffed case of emotional heartburn. “this is a major loss for the neighborhood,” wrote jeff, a customer who told us about the closing. artie’s was opened by the family of legendary upper west side restaurateur artie cutler in 1999, after artie himself had died in 1997. it was jewish-style but not kosher (corned beef, chopped liver and…shrimp scampi). but the new owner had gotten into financial trouble recently, filing for bankruptcy last year. george, an employee at the restaurant, told us that the staff was stunned and upset about the closure, and anxious about getting their paychecks. there are about 70 employees at the restaurant, george said. “a lot of them have families, a lot of them are working other jobs.” (we were unable to get in contact with the current owner through another restaurant he owns in midtown.) george said that current employees would love to find a way to reopen somewhere else in the neighborhood. but at least for now, goodbye artie’s. “so sad to see artie’s go,” wrote jenny davidoff cook. “for eighteen years it had been our go-to place for matzo ball soup when any of us were sick. we will definitely miss it!” thanks to ed, jeff, taryn, francine, and others for the tips.

ˈæftər ˈrisəntli ˈlərnɪŋ ðət nu jɔrk slips ɪn ˈleɪtər ðən ˈɛvəri ˈəðər ˈsɪti ɪn ðə ˈkəntri, ˈwəndərɪŋ waɪ ðə ˌɛnˈwaɪˌpiˌdi ɪz traɪɪŋ soʊ dæm hɑrd tɪ gɪt rɪd əv ˈsəbˌweɪ breɪk ˈdænsərz. bɪˈkəz wət dɪz ə ˈbɛtər ʤɑb əv ˈweɪkɪŋ nu ˈjɔrkərz əp ðən ˈdɑʤɪŋ ˈfleɪlɪŋ lɛgz ɔn ðə ɛl treɪn æt a.m*.? oʊ jæ, wi hæv ˈstɑrˌbəks fər ðət. dɪˈspaɪt ðə fækt ðət səm nu ˈjɔrkərz ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ə ˈlɪtəl ɑrˈtɪstɪk ɪkˈsprɛʃən wɪθ ðɛr ˈsəbˌweɪ raɪdz, ðə ˌɛnˈwaɪˌpiˌdi siz ðiz ˌɛnərˈteɪnərz ɛz ə ˈdeɪnʤər tɪ ˈjuˈɛs ɔl. əˈfɪʃəlz seɪ ðət 46 ˈsəbˌweɪ breɪk ˈdænsərz hæv bɪn ʧɑrʤd wɪθ ˈrɛkləs ɛnˈdeɪnʤərmənt soʊ fɑr ðɪs jɪr. əˈnəðər 50 hæv bɪn ʧɑrʤd wɪθ dɪˈsɔrdərli ˈkɑndəkt, nu jɔrk rɪˈpɔrts. ðɛr wər ˈoʊnli tu səʧ ˈʧɑrʤɪz əv ˈrɛkləs ɛnˈdeɪnʤərmənt kəˈmɪtɪd baɪ ˈsəbˌweɪ ˈdænsərz ɪn 2013 ðə ˈkrækˌdaʊn ɪz ˈpɑrʃəli du tɪ ðə fækt ðət ðə ɪz naʊ ˈfɔrwərdɪŋ ˈraɪdər kəmˈpleɪnts tɪ ðə ˌɛnˈwaɪˌpiˌdi, əˈlaʊɪŋ lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt tɪ ʃət daʊn ðə ˈsəbˌweɪ ʃoʊz ɛz ðeɪ əˈkər. bət ˈdænsərz ðə ˈoʊnli ˈəndərˌgraʊnd ˈdeɪnʤərz ðə ˌɛnˈwaɪˌpiˌdi ɪz ˈtɑrgətɪŋ, ənd noʊ, nɑt ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə ræts ər ðə kraʊdz, ər ˈivɪn ðə fəˈtɑgrəfi (ˌɔlˈðoʊ wi wɪʃ wi wər). dɪˈspaɪt meɪər bɪl də ˌɪnˈsɪstɪŋ ðɛr ɪz noʊ ““crackdown”*” goʊɪŋ ɔn, ðə poʊst ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət pəˈlis hæv ˈbəstɪd 371 ˈpænˌhændlərz soʊ fɑr ðɪs jɪr ə ˈhɛfti ˌɪnˈkris frəm ðə ˈtoʊtəl 100 ʧɑrʤd læst jɪr. ðoʊz ˈpɛdəlɪŋ ənd ˈəðər ˈjəmi snæks wɪˈθaʊt ˈlaɪsənsɪz ər ˈkəmɪŋ ˈəndər faɪər ɛz wɛl pəˈlis hæv lɑkt əp 122 ˈpɛdlərz ɪn 2014 wɪʧ ɪz ˈnɪrli twaɪs ɛz ˈmɛni ɛz ðoʊz ʤeɪld baɪ ðɪs taɪm læst jɪr. æt list ˈəndərˌgraʊnd ˈməgɪŋz ər daʊn!

after recently learning that new york sleeps in later than every other city in the country, we’re wondering why the nypd is trying so damn hard to get rid of subway break dancers. because what does a better job of waking new yorkers up than dodging flailing legs on the l train at 9:00 a.m.? oh yeah, we have starbucks for that. despite the fact that some new yorkers enjoy a little artistic expression with their subway rides, the nypd sees these entertainers as a danger to us all. officials say that 46 subway break dancers have been charged with reckless endangerment so far this year. another 50 have been charged with disorderly conduct, new york reports. there were only two such charges of reckless endangerment committed by subway dancers in 2013. the crackdown is partially due to the fact that the mta is now forwarding rider complaints to the nypd, allowing law enforcement to shut down the subway shows as they occur. but dancers aren’t the only underground dangers the nypd is targeting, and no, we’re not talking about the rats or the crowds, or even the upskirt photography (although we wish we were). despite mayor bill de blasio insisting there is no “crackdown” going on, the post reported that police have busted 371 panhandlers so far this year — a hefty increase from the total 100 charged last year. those peddling churros and other yummy snacks without licenses are coming under fire as well police have locked up 122 peddlers in 2014, which is nearly twice as many as those jailed by this time last year. at least underground muggings are down!

ɔˈstreɪljən ər ˈwərkɪŋ hɑrd tɪ ˈprɛzənt ən koʊd əv ˈkɑndəkt ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˌɪnˈtɛns ˈprɛʃər frəm ðə ˈgəvərnmənt., ðə ˈkəntriz ˈsɛkənd ˈlɑrʤəst isp*, rɪˈpɔrts ˈkɑnfədɛns ɪn ˈmitɪŋ ən ˈeɪprəl 8 ˈdɛˌdlaɪn bət ˈwɛðər ðə prəˈpoʊzəlz wɪl mit ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz rɪˈmeɪnz tɪ bi sin. fər jɪrz ɔˈstreɪljən ˈsɪtɪzənz hæv kəmˈpleɪnd əv biɪŋ ˈtritɪd ɛz ˈsɛkənd klæs ˈsɪtɪzənz baɪ ˈkɑntɛnt ˈkəmpəˌniz hu hæv feɪld tɪ meɪk ˈkɑntɛnt ˈfrili əˈveɪləbəl æt ə fɛr praɪs. ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt ˈmɪljənz əv hæv tərnd tɪ ˈnɛtˌwərks fər ðɛr ˈmidiə fɪks. ðɪs həz ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˈkəntri ˈsəmˈwət əv ə ˌrɛpjəˈteɪʃən ɔn ðə wərld steɪʤ, wɪʧ ɪn tərn həz pʊt ˌɪnˈtɛns ˈprɛʃər ɔn ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ du ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ rɪˈdus ənˈlɔfəl ˈjusɪʤ. ˈæftər jɪrz əv nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz bɪtˈwin ənd ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt ˈkəmpəˌniz wɛnt ˈnoʊˌwɛr, læst jɪr ðə ˈgəvərnmənt stɛpt ɪn. wər wɔrnd ðət ɪf ðeɪ teɪk ˌvɑlənˈtɛrəli ˈmɛʒərz tɪ dɪˈtər ənd ˈɛʤəˌkeɪt ˈpaɪrətɪŋ səbˈskraɪbərz, ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wʊd fɔrs ə ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm əˈpɑn ðɛm baɪ lɔ. wɪθ ə dɪˈzaɪər tɪ əˈvɔɪd ðət ˈɔpʃən æt ɔl kɔsts, ðə ˈsərvɪs prəˈvaɪdərz wɛnt əˈweɪ wɪθ ˈɔrdərz tɪ kəm əp wɪθ ə səˈluʃən. ʤɪst læst mənθ ʤɔrʤ ˈbrændɪs ənd kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ˈmɪnɪstər ˈmælkəm ˈtərnˌbʊl sɛt ən ˈeɪprəl 8 ˈdɛˌdlaɪn, ə taɪt skwiz kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ðə jɪrz əv feɪld nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz. ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs,, ˈsɛkənd ˈlɑrʤəst isp*, filz ðət ðə ˈdɛˌdlaɪn wɪl bi mɛt. wɪl hæv koʊd; ˈwɛðər ər nɑt ɪt gɪts ðə ˈrəbər stæmp rɪˈmeɪnz tɪ bi seen,”*,” sɪz ʧif ˈrɛgjələˌtɔri ˈɔfɪsər stiv ˈdɔlbi. ˈpipəl ər ˈpʊtɪŋ ɪn ə lɔt əv wərk ˈdræftɪŋ ˈdɑkjəmənts ənd ˈpʊtɪŋ ˈfreɪmˌwərks together.”*.” wɪθ ʤɪst 120 deɪz tɪ kəm əp wɪθ ə səˈluʃən ðə ˈdɛˌdlaɪn ɪz ə bɪg æsk ənd ˈdɔlbi sɪz ðɛr ər ˈplɛnti əv ˌkɑmpləˈkeɪʃənz. ər ˈɪʃuz əraʊnd ˈpraɪvəsi, ðɛr ər ˈɪʃuz əraʊnd əˈpilz. ðɛr ər ˈɪʃuz əraʊnd kɔsts. ðɛr ɪz ə lɔt əv wərk ðət nidz tɪ bi done,”*,” hi sɪz. əv kɔrs, ðiz ər ɪgˈzæktli ðə seɪm ˈɪʃuz ðət kɔzd tɔks tɪ kəˈlæps ɔn ə ˈnəmbər əv ɔˈkeɪʒənz ɪn ðə pæst. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪn ˈrisənt mənθs bɪˈkəm klɪr ðət ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ɪz priˈpɛrd tɪ əkˈsɛpt lɛs ˈstrɪnʤənt ˈmɛʒərz ðən ðə ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt ˈɪndəstriz ərˈɪʤənəli ˈwɔntɪd. sloʊɪŋ ənd ˌdɪskəˈnɛktɪŋ səbˈskraɪbərz ɪz naʊ ɔf ðə ˈteɪbəl, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðɛr həz bɪn noʊ əˈfɪʃəl əˈnaʊnsmɛnt, ɪt simz ˈlaɪkli ðət ðə wɪl ˈɔfər ə ˈsɪstəm ˈsɪmələr tɪ ðə wən biɪŋ plænd fər ðə uk*. səbˈskraɪbərz wɪl bi ˌɪnˈfɔrmd baɪ iˈmeɪl ðət ðɛr kəˈnɛkʃənz ər biɪŋ juzd tɪ ʃɛr ˈkɑntɛnt ənˈlɔfəli ənd wɪl bi pəˈlaɪtli bət ˈfərmli æst tɪ stɑp. ən ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃənəl ˈproʊˌgræm, wɪʧ ædˈvaɪzɪz ˈjuzərz wɛr tɪ əbˈteɪn ˈkɑntɛnt ˈligəli, ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ ɔgˈmɛnt ðə skim. hu wɪl peɪ fər ɔl ðɪs rɪˈmeɪnz tɪ bi sin. hæv ˈpriviəsli rɪfˈjuzd tɪ kənˈtrɪbjut bət wɪθ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt θˈrɛtənɪŋ tɪ ˌɪmˈpoʊz ə koʊd ɪf ə ˈsutəbəl wən ɪz nɑt pərˈzɛnəd, ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz kʊd bi ɔn ðə ˈteɪbəl.

australian isps are working hard to present an anti-piracy code of conduct following intense pressure from the government. iinet, the country's second largest isp, reports confidence in meeting an april 8 deadline but whether the proposals will meet expectations remains to be seen. for years australian citizens have complained of being treated as second class citizens by content companies who have failed to make content freely available at a fair price. as a result millions of aussies have turned to file-sharing networks for their media fix. this has given the country somewhat of a reputation on the world stage, which in turn has put intense pressure on the australian government to do something to reduce unlawful usage. after years of negotiations between isps and entertainment companies went nowhere, last year the government stepped in. isps were warned that if they take voluntarily measures to deter and educate pirating subscribers, the government would force a mechanism upon them by law. with a desire to avoid that option at all costs, the service providers went away with orders to come up with a solution. just last month attorney-general george brandis and communications minister malcolm turnbull set an april 8 deadline, a tight squeeze considering the years of failed negotiations. nevertheless, iinet, australia’s second largest isp, feels that the deadline will be met. “we will have code; whether or not it gets the rubber stamp remains to be seen,” says iinet chief regulatory officer steve dalby. “dedicated people are putting in a lot of work drafting documents and putting frameworks together.” with just 120 days to come up with a solution the government’s deadline is a big ask and dalby says there are plenty of complications. “there are issues around privacy, there are issues around appeals. there are issues around costs. there is a lot of work that needs to be done,” he says. of course, these are exactly the same issues that caused talks to collapse on a number of occasions in the past. however, in recent months become clear that the government is prepared to accept less stringent measures than the entertainment industries originally wanted. slowing and disconnecting subscribers is now off the table, for example. although there has been no official announcement, it seems likely that the isps will offer a notice-and-notice system similar to the one being planned for the uk. subscribers will be informed by email that their connections are being used to share content unlawfully and will be politely but firmly asked to stop. an educational program, which advises users where to obtain content legally, is likely to augment the scheme. who will pay for all this remains to be seen. isps have previously refused to contribute but with the government threatening to impose a code if a suitable one is not presented, compromise could be on the table.

can’t* weɪt tɪ bɪnʤ ɔn ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈsizən əv ɑnˈtɛrioʊ ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv əˈsɛmbli? ˈdɛspərɪt tɪ gɪt jʊr fɪks əv vi, riˈplit wɪθ ˈfræŋkəˌfoʊn ˈdrɑməz ənd ˌriˈæləˌti ʃoʊz? ˈnɛvər soʊ məʧ ɛz reɪzd ən ænˈtɛnə tɪ ðiz ˈʧænəlz? bɛl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən maɪt bi ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ˈəðərˌwaɪz. ʤɔrʤ koʊp ɪz ˈsiˌiˈoʊ əv bɛl ˈkænədə. bɛl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ʤɪst roʊld aʊt ə ˈstɑrtər pæk fər ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən səbˈskraɪbərz ðət ˈkrɪtɪks seɪ ɪz fɑr ˈskɪmpiər ðən ˈəðərz', waɪl ˈmitɪŋ ðə ˈmɪnɪməmz. bɛl ˈkænədə ðə ˈtɛləkɑm kˈwaɪətli ənˈveɪld ɪts ˌloʊˈkɔst ““starter”*” ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈpækɪʤ ˈsənˌdi, praɪmd tɪ stɑrt ˈpaɪpɪŋ aʊt ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv ˈækʃən ənd ˈloʊkəl ənd ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ ɪn ˈkipɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈlɛtər əv nu rɪkˈwaɪrmənts. ðə kəˈneɪdiən ənd ˌtɛləkəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz kəˈmɪʃən həz dɪˈmændɪd ðət ˈkeɪbəl ənd ˈsætəˌlaɪt ˈsərvɪs prəˈvaɪdərz ˈɔfər ə ˈpækɪʤ fər 25 ər lɛs baɪ mɑrʧ 1 wɪθ ə reɪnʤ əv ˈʧænəlz tɪ tɔp ɪt əp. bət ˈɛkspərts seɪ dil dɪˈvɔɪd əv juz. ˈʧænəlz simz tɪ vɪr ˈfərðər frəm ðə ˈspɪrɪt əv ðə nu ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz ðən ˈəðər ˈkɛriərz ənd ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ˈlɪtəl fər moʊst kənˈsumərz, dɪˈspaɪt ðə eɪm gɪv kəˈneɪdiənz mɔr choice.”*.” ˈɑrtɪkəl kənˈtɪnjud bɪˈloʊ ðət ʧɔɪs ɪz ðət ˈnɛvər hərd of,”*,” sɛd dweɪn, ə prəˈfɛsər æt ˈkɑrltən skul əv ˈʤərnəˌlɪzəm ənd kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən. ˈnoʊtɪd ðə ˈæbsəns əv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈbrɔdˌkæst ˈstɔlwərts laɪk ˈeɪˌbiˌsi, ˈɛnˌbiˈsi ənd ˈsiˌbiˌɛs, ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ˈbeɪsɪk kəˈneɪdiən ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈpækɪʤɪz fər ˈdɛkeɪdz. ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ gɪv ɪt ə stillbirth,”*,” hi sɛd əv ðə roll-out*, ˈkɔlɪŋ ɪt ““retrograde,”*,” ““begrudging”*” ənd standards.”*.” læst jɪr, ðə leɪd aʊt rɪkˈwaɪrmənts ˈifɛktɪv ˈtuzˌdeɪ fər ə basic”*” ˈpækɪʤ ðət ˈfiʧərz ˌprɪˈdɑmənənˌtli ˈloʊkəl ənd ˈriʤənəl ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ ɛz ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv tɪ ““big*, ənˈwildi ənd expensive”*” ˈbəndəlz, ʧɛr ˌʒænˈpjɛr blɛz sɛd læst mɑrʧ. ðə ˈbeɪsɪk ˈgrupɪŋ məst ˌɪnˈklud ðoʊz ɔn ˈmændəˌtɔri ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən lɪst, laɪk ˈsiˌbiˈsi, ənd ˈgloʊbəl, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈpəblɪk ˈɪntəˌrɛst ˈsteɪʃənz səʧ ɛz ənd məˈnɔrəti frɛnʧ- ər ˈʧænəlz. ɪt meɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈklud əˈfɪliˌeɪts əv juz. ˈnɛtˌwərks, ðoʊ ðɛr ˌɪnˈkluʒən ɪz nɑt ˈmænˌdeɪtɪd. fər ˈʧænəlz məst bi əˈveɪləbəl ˈleɪtər ðɪs jɪr. ðə ˈkeɪbəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən dilz pʊt ˈfɔrwərd baɪ bɛl, ˈrɑʤərz ənd ˈəðər ˈkɛriərz meɪ nɑt sɛt ɔf ə stæmˈpid təˈwɔrd ðə ““starter”*” ˈpækɪʤɪz. bət ðeɪ maɪt hʊk ə smɔl grup əv ˈkəstəmərz hu maɪt nɑt hæv səbˈskraɪbd æt ɔl, maɪt hæv kət ðə kɔrd bət naʊ wɪl hæŋ ɔn ə ˈlɪtəl longer,”*,” sɪz tɛkˈnɑləʤi ˈænəlɪst ˈlɛvi. ˈɑrtɪkəl kənˈtɪnjud bɪˈloʊ æst fər basic,’*,’ ənd ˈskɪni ɪz ɪgˈzæktli wət kənˈsumərz ər goʊɪŋ tɪ get,”*,” ˈlɛvi sɛd. ˈhoʊpɪŋ fər ə ˈskrimɪŋ dil ɔn ə ˈprimiəm ˈspɛʃəlti ˈʧænəl laɪk ˈeɪʧbiˈoʊ, ju wɪl bi ˈsædli disappointed.”*.” ˈpækɪʤ, ˈpoʊstɪd ˈɔnˌlaɪn wɪˈθaʊt ˈfænˌfɛr tu deɪz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈdɛˌdlaɪn, kɔsts pər mənθ. ɪt kaʊnts ðə ˈwɛðər ˈnɛtˌwərk, ənd 10 ˈfræŋkəˌfoʊn ˈʧænəlz əˈməŋ ɪts 26 ˈɔfərɪŋz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə bɛl ˈwɛbˌsaɪt. ˈɛkstrə lɑ kɑrt ˈʧænəlz fər 4 ər 7 reɪnʤ frəm tɪ ˌdɪˈskəvri ənd ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn. laɪk ˈəðər bɛl ˈkeɪbəl ˈpækɪʤɪz, ðə ˈstɑrtər kɪt rikˈwaɪərz ə bɛl ˈɪntərˌnɛt səbˈskrɪpʃən, ˈstɑrtɪŋ æt pər mənθ, pləs 15 ˈmənθli fər ˈrɛntəl. ˈbəndəlɪŋ ˈdɪˌskaʊnts ər ˈəðər ““sweetener”*” dilz du nɑt əˈpɪr ɔn ˈɔfər, ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt lɛs əˈtræktɪv tɪ ˈkəstəmərz laɪk ˈlɛri ˈpɪnərd. ðə ˈrɛzɪdənt ˈkərəntli ʃɛlz aʊt 194 pər mənθ fər ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈpækɪʤ ˈbəndəld wɪθ ˈhaɪˌspid ˈɪntərˌnɛt ənd lɔŋ ˈdɪstəns. ˈpɪnərd sɛd ɪt wɑz ““outrageous”*” tɪ tæk ɔn 7 iʧ fər ˈʧænəlz laɪk ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn ɔn tɔp əv ðə ˈstɑrtər ˈpækɪʤ. ju stɑrt ˈædɪŋ ðət əp, ʤɪst crazy.”*.” nu ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈstɑrtər ˈɔfərɪŋ ɪz fər ˈkəstəmərz hu wɔnt tɪ ˈiðər kriˈeɪt ðɛr oʊn ˈpækɪʤ baɪ səˈlɛktɪŋ ˈʧænəlz ənd pæks ˌɪndɪˈvɪʤəli ər ʤɪst hæv ə ˈbeɪsɪk ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən service,”*,” bɛl ˈspoʊkspərsən ˈʤækəlɪn toʊld ðə stɑr ɪn ən iˈmeɪl ˈsənˌdi. ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈpækɪʤɪz ɔl kəmˈplaɪ wɪθ rules.”*.” ˈrɑʤərz kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz sɛd læst wik ɪt wɪl ˈɔfər ˈkəstəmərz ðə ˈsərvɪs fər pər mənθ (pləs ˈdɪʤɪtəl bɑks ˈrɛntəl ər ˈpərʧəs). ðə ˈbeɪsɪk plæn ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkludz juz. ˈʧænəlz səʧ ɛz fɑks, ˈɛnˌbiˈsi ənd pbs*, ənˈlaɪk bɛl. smɔl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈsərvɪs əv tərˈɑntoʊ həz ɔˈrɛdi ənˈveɪld ə ˈpækɪʤ praɪst wɛl ˈəndər ðə kæp ðət ˌɪnˈkludz ðə ˈmændəˌtɔri kəˈneɪdiən ˈʧænəlz pləs faɪv əˈmɛrɪkən ˈnɛtˌwərks. ʃɔ kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ɔn ɪts ˈwɛbˌsaɪt naʊ ˈɔfərz ə ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən plæn fər 25 pər mənθ wɪθ 40 ˈʧænəlz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈmeɪʤər juz. ˈnɛtˌwərks laɪk ˈeɪˌbiˌsi ənd fɑks. seɪlz stæf æt bɛl ənd ˈrɑʤərz wər ˈrisəntli ˌɪnˈstrəktɪd tɪ ˈdaʊnˌpleɪ ðə ˈspɑrtən ˈpækɪʤɪz, wɪθ ˈvərʧuəli noʊ ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ, ˈsiˌbiˈsi nuz həz ˌriˈpɔrtəd. ˈʧɛrmən ˌʒænˈpjɛr blɛz həz sɛd ðə ˈspɪrɪt əv ðə dɪˈsɪʒən ɔt tɪ bi rɪˈspɛktɪd, ˈsaɪtɪŋ ən tɪ promote”*” ðə ˈbeɪsɪk ˈsərvɪs. ɪf ðə dimz səm ˈkəmpəˌniz tɪ bi ˌdɪsrɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə ˌɪnˈtɛnt əv ðə dɪˈsɪʒən, ðə ˈrɛgjəˌleɪtər wɪl teɪk ˈækʃən əˈgɛnst ðɛm, hi ˈædɪd. ˈlɛvi ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ˈkɛriərz məst wɔk ə faɪn laɪn bɪtˈwin ˈmitɪŋ ðə rɪkˈwaɪrmənts ənd meɪnˈteɪnɪŋ ə ˈvaɪəbəl ˈbɪznɪs ˈmɑdəl ɪn ə ˈpɪriəd əv ˌɪnˈtɛns, ʧeɪnʤ. θɪŋk ˈɛniˌwən ɪkˈspɛktɪd ˈmɪrəkəlz hir. aɪ θɪŋk fɛr tɪ fɔlt anyone,”*,” hi sɛd. ɪz noʊ fri lənʧ ɪn entertainment.”*.” wɪθ faɪlz frəm ˈmaɪkəl luɪs ənd ðə kəˈneɪdiən prɛs. noʊt ˈfɛbruˌɛri 29 2016 ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl wɑz ˈɛdɪtɪd frəm ə ˈpriviəs ˈvərʒən ðət rɪˈfərd tɪ bɛl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ɛz bɛl ˈmidiə. rɛd mɔr əˈbaʊt:

can’t wait to binge on the latest season of ontario legislative assembly? desperate to get your fix of v, replete with francophone dramas and reality shows? never so much as raised an antenna to these channels? bell tv might be thinking otherwise. george cope is ceo of bell canada. bell tv just rolled out a starter pack for television subscribers that critics say is far skimpier than others', while meeting the crtc's minimums. ( hand-out / bell canada ) the montreal-based telecom quietly unveiled its low-cost “starter” tv package sunday, primed to start piping out legislative action and local and french-language programming in keeping with the letter of new crtc requirements. the canadian radio-television and telecommunications commission has demanded that cable and satellite service providers offer a slimmed-down package for $25 or less by march 1, with a range of pick-and-pay channels to top it up. but experts say bell’s stripped-down deal — devoid of u.s. channels — seems to veer further from the spirit of the new regulations than other carriers and changes little for most consumers, despite the crtc’s aim “to give canadians more choice.” article continued below that choice is “things that we’ve never heard of,” said dwayne winseck, a professor at carleton university’s school of journalism and communication. winseck noted the absence of american broadcast stalwarts like abc, nbc and cbs, included in basic canadian tv packages for decades. “they’re working to give it a stillbirth,” he said of the roll-out, calling it “retrograde,” “begrudging” and “behind 1970s standards.” last year, the crtc laid out requirements — effective tuesday — for a “skinny basic” package that features predominantly local and regional programming as an alternative to “big, unwieldy and expensive” bundles, crtc chair jean-pierre blais said last march. the basic grouping must include those on crtc’s mandatory distribution list, like cbc, ctv and global, as well as public interest stations such as cpac and minority french- or english-language channels. it may also include affiliates of u.s. networks, though their inclusion is not mandated. pick-and-pay for stand-alone channels must be available later this year. the cable tv deals put forward by bell, rogers and other carriers may not set off a stampede toward the “starter” packages. but they might hook a small group of customers who might not have subscribed at all, “or might have cut the cord but now will hang on a little longer,” says technology analyst carmi levy. article continued below “the crtc asked for ‘skinny basic,’ and skinny is exactly what consumers are going to get,” levy said. “if you’re hoping for a screaming deal on a premium specialty channel like hbo, you will be sadly disappointed.” bell’s entry-level package, posted online without fanfare two days before deadline, costs $24.95 per month. it counts the weather network, tvo and 10 francophone channels among its 26 offerings, according to the bell website. extra à la carte channels for $4 or $7 range from tsn to discovery and cnn. like other bell cable packages, the starter kit requires a bell internet subscription, starting at $64.95 per month, plus $15 monthly for pvr rental. bundling discounts or other “sweetener” deals do not appear on offer, making it less attractive to customers like larry pinard. the 62-year-old etobicoke resident currently shells out $194 per month for bell’s low-end tv package bundled with high-speed internet and long distance. pinard said it was “outrageous” to tack on $7 each for channels like cnn on top of the starter package. “if you start adding that up, just crazy.” “our new tv starter offering is for customers who want to either create their own package by selecting channels and packs individually or just have a basic tv service,” bell spokesperson jacqueline michelis told the star in an email sunday. “bell tv packages all comply with crtc rules.” toronto-based rogers communications said last week it will offer customers the entry-level service for $24.99 per month (plus digital box rental or purchase). the basic plan also includes u.s. channels such as fox, nbc and pbs, unlike bell. small internet-based tv service vmedia of toronto has already unveiled a package priced well under the crtc cap that includes the mandatory canadian channels plus five american networks. calgary-based shaw communications on its website now offers a limited tv plan for $25 per month with 40 channels, including major u.s. networks like abc and fox. sales staff at bell and rogers were recently instructed to downplay the spartan packages, with virtually no advertising, cbc news has reported. crtc chairman jean-pierre blais has said the spirit of the crtc decision ought to be respected, citing an “obligation to promote” the basic service. if the crtc deems some companies to be disregarding the intent of the decision, the regulator will take action against them, he added. levy noted that carriers must walk a fine line between meeting the crtc’s requirements and maintaining a viable business model in a period of intense, internet-driven change. “i don’t think anyone expected miracles here. i don’t think fair to fault anyone,” he said. “there is no free lunch in entertainment.” with files from michael lewis and the canadian press. note - february 29, 2016: this article was edited from a previous version that referred to bell tv as bell media. read more about:

ə ˈteɪlərd ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈstudənts, ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz, ənd ˈfriˌlænsərz wɪθ ˈnumərəs ˈpraɪvət ˈprɑʤɛkts doʊnt jɛt hæv ə ˈsərvɪs ˈteɪlərd tɪ ðɛm. wət ðiz grups nid ɪz ə ˈsɪmpəl weɪ tɪ vju, ˈmænɪʤ, ənd kəˈlæbərˌeɪt ɔn riˈpɑzəˌtɔriz. du tɪ ðɛr ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈbəʤɪts, ˈhoʊstɪŋ ˈsərvɪsɪz ðət ʧɑrʤ pər riˈpɑzəˌtɔri klæʃ wɪθ ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈprɑʤɛkts ðiz grups hæv. ənd ðoʊz ðət ʧɑrʤ pər kəˈlæbərˌeɪtər ˈstaɪfəl ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən baɪ prɪˈvɛnɪŋ pərˈdəktɪv grup wərk. ðiz ˈɔpʃənz doʊnt meɪk sɛns. wəts ˈmɪsɪŋ ɪz ə ˈpraɪvət riˈpɑzəˌtɔri ˈsərvɪs ˈteɪlərd fər smɔl timz. ənd waɪ wi kriˈeɪtɪd ˈlɛʤɪt timz. wi prəˈvaɪd ju wɪθ ˈizi riˈpɑzəˌtɔri ˈsɛˌtəp, ə klin koʊd vjuɪŋ ˈɪnərˌfeɪs, ənd ə ˈsɪmpəl weɪ tɪ ˈmænɪʤ kəˌlæbərˈeɪʃən. ɪn rɪˈtərn, ju peɪ fər speɪs. ju gɪt ənˈlɪmɪtɪd kəˈlæbərˌeɪtərz ənd ənˈlɪmɪtɪd riˈpɑzəˌtɔriz, ɛz ðiz kɔst ˈjuˈɛs ˈnɪrli ˈnəθɪŋ. ðət ˈsɪmpəl.

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1 ðə ˈpərsən hu maɪt bi ˈbɛnəfɪtɪŋ ðə moʊst frəm ðə ənd sˈlɪkər ˈbeɪsˈbɔlz ɪz ʤoʊ bək. jɛs, ˈmɛni ˈpipəl ɔn tˈwɪtər laɪk tɪ ˌɪgˈnɔr ðə fækt ðət bək həz bɪˈkəm ə greɪt ˈbeɪsˈbɔl əˈnaʊnsər ʤɪst soʊ ðeɪ kən bæʃ ɪm, bət ðə ˈbɑtəm laɪn ɪz ðət ˈfɑksəz mæn pʊt ɔn ə ˈklɪnɪk ɪn læst naɪts ˈwæki sˈləgˌfɛst bɪtˈwin ðə ˈdɑʤərz ənd ˈæstroʊs. ðə ˈvɪdioʊ əˈbəv ɪz ə ˌkɑmpəˈleɪʃən əv ðə ˈsɛvən hoʊm rənz hɪt læst naɪt. ˈɛvəri bək kɔl ɪz ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ, ɪkˈsɛpt fər ðə pug ˈdɪŋər, bət ðæts ˈoʊnli bɪˈkəz ðə ˈʤusi bɔl gɑt aʊt ɪn ə ˈhəri ˈæftər nɑt biɪŋ hɪt wɛl æt ɔl ənd bək simd ɪn ʃɑk. bət bəks kɔl əv ˌhoʊˈzeɪ ˈhoʊmər ɪn ðə fɪθ ˈɪnɪŋ wɑz ɛz gʊd ə kɔl ɛz jul ˈɛvər hir. bəks kɔl əv ˈjuli ˈhoʊmər ɪn ðə fɔrθ ˈɪnɪŋ wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ə ˈlɛʤɪt ə+. ˈlæstli, bək dɪd ə faɪn ʤɑb ɔn ðə ˈsɪŋgəl baɪ ˈæləks ˈbrɛgmən ɪn ðə ˈbɑtəm əv ðə 10th*. walkoff*! wət ə geɪm! ðə @ˈæstroʊs ər 1 wɪn əˈweɪ frəm ə ˈtaɪtəl! fɑks spɔrts: (@mlbonfox*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 30 2017 ɪf jʊr stɪl wən əv ðə ˈpipəl hu wɔnts tɪ pleɪ ðə "ʤoʊ bək ɪz ˈtɛrəbəl geɪm," ʤɪst stɑp. gɪt wɪθ ðə taɪmz ənd muv ɔn tɪ 2017 jʊr stək ɪn 1997 ənd ɪts ə ˈvɛri bæd lʊk. wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ʤoʊ bək, doʊnt heɪt. əˈpriʃiˌeɪt. 2 ɪn ə ˈwiˌkɪnd fɪld wɪθ ˌɪnˈseɪn geɪmz, ju meɪ hæv mɪst maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈstɔri. ˈɛrən ˈrɑʤərz wɛnt ɔn ˈkoʊnən oʊˈbraɪɪnz ʃoʊ læst wik tɪ seɪ ðət ˈvaɪkɪŋz ˈlaɪnˌbækər ˈænθɔˌni bɑr nɑt ˈoʊnli broʊk hɪz ˈkɑlərˌboʊn, bət ˈɔlsoʊ flɪpt ɪm ɔf ənd geɪv ɪm ə krɑʧ ʧɑp. bɑr, ðoʊ, wɑz nɑt ˈhævɪŋ ˈɛni əv ðət ənd faɪərd bæk æt ðə ˈpækərz' ˌsupərˈstɑr kˈwɔrtərˌbæk ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ˌæftərˈnun ˈviə tˈwɪtər. wi boʊ daʊn tɪ bɑr fər ðə ˈmɪstər ˈrɑʤərz ˈmɛnʃən. 3 əm nɑt ʃʊr ˈɛnibədi ɪn spɔrts hæd ə ˈbɛtər wik ðən ˈstilərz waɪd rɪˈsivər ˈʤuʤu. hi ˈmæstərfəli tərnd ðə ˈteɪbəlz ɔn ən pɔrn stɑr, faʊnd hɪz lɔst ˈbaɪsɪkəl, skɔrd ə rɪˈdɪkjələs ˈtəʧˌdaʊn ənd ðɛn gɑt ðə læst læf ɔn skaʊts hu ˈdaʊtɪd ɪm. ɔn ɛm wən taɪm! ˈlərnɪd frəm ðə ɔn ðɪs wən ˈʤuʤu (@teamjuju*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 30 2017 dræft ˈskaʊtɪŋ rɪˈpɔrt: wɪl ˈstrəgəl tɪ ˈsɛpərˌeɪt frəm ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl ˈsiˌbiˌɛs, nɑt ə dip θrɛt, nɑt ə prɪˈsaɪs rut runner”*” ˈʤuʤu (@teamjuju*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 30 2017 4 bɪl məst hæv steɪd əp leɪt tɪ wɔʧ ðə wərld ˈsɪriz, bɪˈkəz hi wɑz mɔr ˈkræbi ðən ˈjuʒəwəl ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ. ʤɪst eɪt ðɪs gaɪz hɑrt. hɪz "ˈɛlɪs frəm daɪ hɑrd" ˈmænər ˈdɪdənt hɛlp hɪz kɔz. #ˈpeɪtriəts tɑm ˈʃætək (@tomshattuck*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 29 2017 5 ðə bɛst θɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˌhæləˈwin ðiz deɪz ɪz ðə rɑk ɔl ðə ˈpipəl hu drɛs əp ɛz ɪm frəm hɪz ʧeɪn deɪz. ənd ɪt bɪˈgɪnz.. lʊk æt ðət əˈdɔrəbəl feɪs. ˈbeɪbi lʊks kjut tu. dweɪn ˈʤɑnsən (@therock*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 28 2017 6 ˈfɔrmər laɪənz taɪt ɛnd ˈʤoʊzəf həz bɪn duɪŋ səm greɪt ˈvɪdioʊ wərk fər ɪn ˈrisənt mənθs. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, hɪz gaɪd tɪ ðə nu ˌsɛləˈbreɪʃən rulz wɑz top-notch*. ənd hi wɑz breɪv ɪˈnəf tɪ kʊk ənd it tɑm ˈbreɪdiz riˈpəlsɪv ˌævəˈkɑdoʊ aɪs krim. soʊ wi nid tɪ gɪv ɪm prɑps ɔn ə ˈtruli ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ ˌhæləˈwin ˈkɑstum. 7 ˈspikɪŋ əv tɑm ˈbreɪdi ənd ˌævəˈkɑdoʊz... tɑm ˈbreɪdi ənd ər ˈdrɛsɪŋ əp ɛz ˌævəˈkɑdoʊ ənd toʊst fər ˌhæləˈwin. kərk ˈkæləˌhæn (@kirkandcallahan*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 30 2017 8 ju wɪl wɔnt tɪ rɛd ˈɔrəl ˈhɪstəri əv ˈsaɪnfɛldz ˌmæstərˈbeɪʃən ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd. ˈtreɪnə θɔts ɪz ðə bɛst əv ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt, pləs mˈjuzɪŋz baɪ ˈraɪtər, ˈʤɪmi ˈtreɪnə. gɪt ðə lɪŋk tɪ ə nu θɔts iʧ deɪ baɪ ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ɔn tˈwɪtər ənd ˈlaɪkɪŋ ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk. kæʧ əp ɔn ˈpriviəs ɪˈdɪʃənz əv ˈtreɪnə θɔts raɪt hir. ənd ʧɛk aʊt ˈʤɪmi ˈwikli ˈpɔdˌkæst, "ɔf ðə bɔrd." ˈboʊnəs ˈaɪtəm: aɪ wɔnt tɪ faɪnd ə ˈrizən tɪ teɪk ðə pɔɪnts təˈnaɪt, bət kænt. ʧifs 7 æt hoʊm ˈvərsəz. ðə ˈbrɑŋkoʊz həz tɪ bi ðə pleɪ.

1. the person who might be benefiting the most from the juiced and slicker baseballs is joe buck. yes, many people on twitter like to ignore the fact that buck has become a great baseball announcer just so they can bash him, but the bottom line is that fox's play-by-play man put on a clinic in last night's wacky 13-12 slugfest between the dodgers and astros. the video above is a compilation of the seven home runs hit last night. every buck call is outstanding, except for the yasiel puig dinger, but that's only because the juicy juiced ball got out in a hurry after not being hit well at all and buck seemed in shock. but buck's call of jose altuve's game-tying three-run homer in the fifth inning was as good a call as you'll ever hear. buck's call of yuli gurriel's game-tying three-run homer in the fourth inning was also a legit a+. lastly, buck did a fine job on the game-winning single by alex bregman in the bottom of the 10th. walkoff! what a game! the @astros are 1 win away from a #worldseries title! https://t.co/ekdfp6jkk7 fox sports: mlb (@mlbonfox) october 30, 2017 if you're still one of the people who wants to play the "joe buck is terrible game," just stop. get with the times and move on to 2017. you're stuck in 1997 and it's a very bad look. when it comes to joe buck, don't hate. appreciate. 2. in a weekend filled with insane games, you may have missed my favorite story. aaron rodgers went on conan o'brien's show last week to say that vikings linebacker anthony barr not only broke his collarbone, but also flipped him off and gave him a crotch chop. barr, though, was not having any of that and fired back at the packers' superstar quarterback saturday afternoon via twitter. we bow down to barr for the mister rogers mention. 3. i'm not sure anybody in sports had a better week than steelers wide receiver juju smith-schuster. he masterfully turned the tables on an attention-seeking porn star, found his lost bicycle, scored a ridiculous 97-yard touchdown and then got the last laugh on scouts who doubted him. 💨💨 on em one time! learned from the 🐐 @ab84 on this one 😂😂 pic.twitter.com/qptgpwixjn juju smith-schuster (@teamjuju) october 30, 2017 “juju smith-schuster draft scouting report: will struggle to separate from nfl cbs, not a deep threat, not a precise route runner” 🤔😝😘 pic.twitter.com/r7p7rqtgjq juju smith-schuster (@teamjuju) october 30, 2017 4. bill belichick must have stayed up late to watch the world series, because he was more crabby than usual on monday. belichick just ate this guy's heart. his "ellis from die hard" manner didn't help his cause. #nevslac #patriots pic.twitter.com/cgsgmaqqiv tom shattuck (@tomshattuck) october 29, 2017 5. the best thing about halloween these days is the rock retweeting all the people who dress up as him from his turtleneck/fanny pack/gold chain days. and it begins.. look at that adorable face. baby looks cute too. 😉 #babyg #halloweenrock https://t.co/a7s3wxhut2 dwayne johnson (@therock) october 28, 2017 6. former lions tight end joseph fauria has been doing some great video work for si.com in recent months. for example, his guide to the nfl's new celebration rules was top-notch. and he was brave enough to cook and eat tom brady's repulsive avocado ice cream. so we need to give him props on a truly outstanding halloween costume. 7. speaking of tom brady and avocados... tom brady and gisele are dressing up as avocado and toast for halloween. kirk & callahan (@kirkandcallahan) october 30, 2017 8. you will want to read vulture's oral history of seinfeld's masturbation episode. traina thoughts is the best of the internet, plus musings by si.com writer, jimmy traina. get the link to a new traina's thoughts each day by following on twitter and liking on facebook. catch up on previous editions of traina thoughts right here. and check out jimmy traina's weekly podcast, "off the board." bonus item: i want to find a reason to take the points tonight, but can't. chiefs -7 at home vs. the broncos has to be the play.

ˈbərni sanders’*’ səˈpɔrtərz meɪ ˈfaɪnəli hæv ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ ʧɪr əˈbaʊt. ðə vərˈmɑnt ˈsɛnətər simz tɪ bi ɪˈstæblɪʃɪŋ ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt lɛd əˈgɛnst ˈfɛloʊ ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpɑrti ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈhoʊpfəl ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən, wɪθ fɑks nuz ˈʤænjuˌɛri poʊlz ˈtɪpɪŋ ˈsændərz tɪ bi əˈhɛd əv ˈklɪntən baɪ ə pərˈsɛnt ˈmɑrʤən əˈməŋ nu ˈhæmʃər ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈvoʊtərz. ðə ˌɪnˈkris ɪn sanders’*’ lɛd wɪl kəm ɛz greɪt nuz tɪ ðə kruˈseɪdɪŋ ˈsɛnətər, hu həz ˈpriviəsli bɪn tɪpt tɪ dɪˈfit ˈklɪntən ənd prɪˈveɪl ˈoʊvər trəmp ɪn əˈnəðər ˈrisənt poʊl ˈkɛrid aʊt baɪ ˌjunəˈvərsəti. bət ˈbərni ˈsændərz həz ˌnənðəˈlɛs ˈɔfən faʊnd hɪmˈsɛlf ˈsaɪˌdlaɪnd wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ poʊlz kənˈdəktəd baɪ ðə ˈmeɪnˌstrim ˈmidiə, ənd tɪ faɪnd hɪmˈsɛlf ˈlidɪŋ sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli əˈgɛnst ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən ɪn ə ˈmeɪʤər poʊl wɪl noʊ daʊt gɪv hɪz kæmˈpeɪn ðə bust ɪt maɪt nid ɪn ðə reɪs fər ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˌnɑməˈneɪʃən. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə poʊl, ˈsændərz həz sin hɪz ædˈvæntɪʤ ˈoʊvər ˈklɪntən ˌɪnˈkris drəˈmætɪkəli sɪns mid-november*, wɪn hi wɑz prɑˈʤɛktəd tɪ ɛʤ aʊt ˈklɪntən baɪ ˈmɪrli wən pərˈsɛnt. ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən meɪ stɪl bi tɪpt tɪ wɪn ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈpɑrti ˌnɑməˈneɪʃən kəm ʤun, bət ˈrisənt ˈsɛtˌbæks ɪn nu ˈhæmʃər ənd ˈaɪəwə pɔɪnt tɪ ˈbərni sanders’*’ ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ˈɪnfluəns əˈməŋ ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈvoʊtərz. [ˈfoʊˌtoʊ baɪ skɑt ˈɪmɪʤɪz] ˈbərni ˈsændərz meɪ bi moʊst praʊd əv hɪz səˈpɔrt pul əv jəŋ ˈpipəl, wɪθ ðə fɑks poʊl ʃoʊɪŋ ðət ðə vərˈmɑnt ˈsɛnətər ɪz əˈspɛʃəli well-liked*, ənd ɪn fækt prɪˈfərd ˈoʊvər ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən, baɪ ˈvoʊtərz ˈəndər ðə eɪʤ əv 45 ðɛr ɪz ˈlɪtəl daʊt ðət ˈbərni əˈpɪrz tɪ hæv strək ə kɔrd wɪθ jəŋ ˈvoʊtərz, moʊst əv hum bɪˈliv ðət æˈdrɛsɪŋ ˈɪʃuz əv wɔl strit rɪˈfɔrm ənd tæks rɪˈfɔrmz ər ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt kraɪˈtɪriə ɪn səˈlɛktɪŋ ðə nɛkst ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ɛz ðə poʊl ʃoʊd, jəŋ ˈvoʊtərz pɪkt ˈsændərz ˈoʊvər ˈklɪntən baɪ ə rɪˈmɑrkəbəl ˈmɑrʤən pərˈsɛnt). ˈfərðərˌmɔr, ˈbərni ˈsændərz ˈɔlsoʊ simz tɪ hæv wən ˈoʊvər ˈfiˌmeɪl səˈpɔrtərz, wɪθ ˈsɛvən pərˈsɛnt mɔr ˈwɪmən ˈvoʊtərz ˈʧuzɪŋ ɪm ˈoʊvər ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən. ˈdɛməˌkræts ɪn nu ˈhæmʃər wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi məʧ mɔr ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd wɪθ ˈsændərz ɛz ðə ˌnɑməˈni: 85 pərˈsɛnt wʊd bi ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd wɪθ ˈsændərz ɛz ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˌnɑməˈni, waɪl ˈoʊnli 68 pərˈsɛnt fil ðə seɪm weɪ əˈbaʊt ˈklɪntən. ˌɔlˈðoʊ dɪˈtræktərz maɪt pɔɪnt aʊt ðət ðə ˈleɪtəst poʊl ˈoʊnli ɪˈstæblɪʃɪz ˈbərni sanders’*’ lɛd ˈoʊvər ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən ɪn nu ˈhæmʃər ənd baɪ ɪkˈstɛnʃən dɪz nɑt rɪˈvil tu məʧ əˈbaʊt boʊθ əv ðɛr pəˈzɪʃənz ɪn ðə ˈnæʃənəl reɪs ðə ˈvɛri fækt ðət ˈbərni ˈsændərz həz sin hɪz lɛd ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈdəbəl ˈoʊvər ðə læst mənθ noʊ daʊt boʊdz wɛl fər ðə vərˈmɑnt ˈsɛnətər ɪn ðə lɔŋ rən. ˈbərni ˈsændərz simz tɪ hoʊld ə kəˈmændɪŋ lɛd ˈoʊvər ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˈwɪmən səˈpɔrtərz ənd ðə məˈnɔrətiz. [ˈfoʊˌtoʊ baɪ wɪn ˈɪmɪʤɪz] ˈminˌwaɪl, ˈbərni ˈsændərz əˈpɪrd tɪ hɪnt hu hɪz vaɪs ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈkænədɪt maɪt bi ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈnaɪtli ʃoʊ wɪθ ˈlɛri ˈwɪlmɔr ˈrisəntli, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈhəfɪŋtən poʊst. wɪn ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt əv hɪz pəˈtɛnʃəl vaɪs ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈrənɪŋ meɪt kəmz əp əraʊnd ðə mɑrk ɪn ðə ˈvɪdioʊ wɪʧ ju kən vju bɪˈloʊ, ˈsændərz ɪkˈsplɪsətli hɪnts hu ɪt kʊd bi. ˈwɔrən ɪz ə ˈvɛri gʊd frɛnd əv maɪn, aɪ hæv noʊn hir fər ə lɔŋ taɪm, ˌbiˈfɔr ʃi wɑz ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt. ʃi ɪz ə greɪt ˈjuˈɛs ˈsɛnətər. ʃi həz stʊd əp tɪ wɔl strit. ʃi həz stʊd əp tɪ ðə bɪg ˈməni ˈɪntərɪsts. soʊ, ʃi ə, ʃi ənd aɪ wɪl wərk together.”*.” ɛz ðə vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənt, ɪˈlɪzəbɪθ ˈwɔrən kʊd pəˈtɛnʃəli hæv ə məʧ ˈlɑrʤər ˈplætˌfɔrm fər hər ˈpɑləsi ənd aɪˈdiəz, ɔl əv wɪʧ ər ˈsɪmələr tɪ ˈsɛnətər ˈsændərz. ɪt wʊd bi ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ tɪ si ɪf ˈbərni ˈsændərz kən ɪkˈstɛnd hɪz lɛd ˈoʊvər ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən ˈnæʃənəli ˈoʊvər ðə kɔrs əv ðə nɛkst fju mənθs, bət ðə ˈleɪtəst poʊl rɪˈzəlts ər ənˈdaʊtɪdli ə ˈtɛstəmənt tɪ ðə vərˈmɑnt groʊɪŋ ˈɪnfluəns ˈoʊvər ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈpəblɪk ənd ˈoʊvər ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈmidiə. [ˈfoʊˌtoʊ baɪ ˈʤɑˌʃuə ˈɪmɪʤɪz]

bernie sanders’ supporters may finally have something to cheer about. the vermont senator seems to be establishing a significant lead against fellow democratic party presidential hopeful hillary clinton, with fox news january polls tipping sanders to be ahead of clinton by a 50-37 percent margin among new hampshire democratic primary voters. the increase in sanders’ lead will come as great news to the crusading senator, who has previously been tipped to defeat clinton and prevail over trump in another recent poll carried out by quinnipiac university. but bernie sanders has nonetheless often found himself sidelined when it comes to polls conducted by the mainstream media, and to find himself leading significantly against hillary clinton in a major poll will no doubt give his campaign the boost it might need in the race for democratic nomination. according to the poll, sanders has seen his advantage over clinton increase dramatically since mid-november, when he was projected to edge out clinton by merely one percent. hillary clinton may still be tipped to win the democratic party nomination come june, but recent setbacks in new hampshire and iowa point to bernie sanders’ increasing influence among the democratic voters. [photo by scott olson/getty images] bernie sanders may be most proud of his ever-increasing support pool of young people, with the fox poll showing that the vermont senator is especially well-liked, and in fact preferred over hillary clinton, by voters under the age of 45. there is little doubt that bernie appears to have struck a chord with young voters, most of whom believe that addressing issues of wall street reform and tax reforms are the most important criteria in selecting the next president of the united states. as the poll showed, young voters picked sanders over clinton by a remarkable 24-point margin (55-31 percent). furthermore, bernie sanders also seems to have won over female supporters, with seven percent more women voters choosing him over hillary clinton. democrats in new hampshire would also be much more satisfied with sanders as the party’s nominee: 85 percent would be satisfied with sanders as the party’s presidential nominee, while only 68 percent feel the same way about clinton. although detractors might point out that the latest poll only establishes bernie sanders’ lead over hillary clinton in new hampshire — and by extension does not reveal too much about both of their positions in the national race — the very fact that bernie sanders has seen his lead almost double over the last month no doubt bodes well for the vermont senator in the long run. bernie sanders seems to hold a commanding lead over hillary clinton when it comes to women supporters and the minorities. [photo by win mcnamee/getty images] meanwhile, bernie sanders appeared to hint who his vice presidential candidate might be during the nightly show with larry wilmore recently, according to the huffington post. when the subject of his potential vice presidential running mate comes up around the 3:46 mark in the video which you can view below, sanders explicitly hints who it could be. “elizabeth warren is a very good friend of mine, i have known here for a long time, before she was in the senate. she is a great us senator. she has stood up to wall street. she has stood up to the big money interests. so, she uh, she and i will work together.” as the vice president, elizabeth warren could potentially have a much larger platform for her policy and ideas, all of which are similar to senator sanders. it would be interesting to see if bernie sanders can extend his lead over hillary clinton nationally over the course of the next few months, but the latest poll results are undoubtedly a testament to the vermont senator’s growing influence over the american public and over the american media. [photo by joshua lott/getty images]

jʊr gʊd tɪ goʊ! gɪt ðə ˈleɪtəst nuz ənd ˈvɪdioʊz fər ðɪs geɪm ˈdeɪli, noʊ spæm, noʊ fəs. ˈwɔrnər bros*. həz riˈlist ə nu ˈvɪdioʊ fər ˈbætˌmæn: naɪt ðət rɪˈvilz ðə ˈækʃən geɪmz səˈlɛbrɪti vɔɪs ˈtælənt, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludz ˈbreɪkɪŋ bæd ənd lɔrd əv ðə rɪŋz ˈvɛtərənz. ðə ˈlaɪˌnəp əv səˈlɛbrɪti ˈæktərz kənˈfərmd fər naɪt, ənd ðɛr roʊlz, ɪz ˈlɪstɪd bɪˈloʊ. ˈʤɑnəθən bæŋks (ˈbreɪkɪŋ bæd) ʤeɪmz ˈgɔrdən ʤɑn ˈnoʊbəl (ðə lɔrd əv ðə rɪŋz) ˈskærˌkroʊ ˈæʃli grin (ðə tˈwaɪˌlaɪt ˈsɑgə) ˈbɑrbərə ˈgɔrdən skɑt ˈpɔrtər (ˈfraɪˌdeɪ naɪt laɪts) ðeɪ ər ʤɔɪnd baɪ rɪˈtərnɪŋ vɔɪs ˈæktərz ˈkɛvɪn ˈkɔnrɔɪ (ˈbætˌmæn), trɔɪ ˈbeɪkər (two-face*), ˈnoʊlən nɔrθ (ˈpɛŋgwən), ənd ˈtɛrə strɔŋ (ˈhɑrli kwɪn). ju kən hir dɪˈrɛkli frəm ðə ˈæktərz əˈbaʊt ðɛr wərk ɔn naɪt θru ðə ˈvɪdioʊ bɪˈloʊ. ərˈɪʤənəli ˈskɛʤʊld tɪ lɔnʧ ɪn 2014 ðə nu naɪt riˈlis deɪt ɪz ʤun 23 fər wən, ˈpleɪˌsteɪʃən 4 ənd ˈpiˈsi. ˈrisəntli, riˈlist ə θˈrɪlɪŋ nu ˈtreɪlər fər ðə geɪm ðət ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈfərmd ɪt wɪl hæv ə grænd θɛft ˈɔtoʊ ˈkɛrɪktər swɪʧ mɪˈkænɪk.

you're good to go! get the latest news and videos for this game daily, no spam, no fuss. warner bros. has released a new behind-the-scenes video for batman: arkham knight that reveals the action game's celebrity voice talent, which includes breaking bad and lord of the rings veterans. the lineup of celebrity actors confirmed for arkham knight, and their roles, is listed below. jonathan banks (breaking bad) -- james gordon john noble (the lord of the rings) -- scarecrow ashley greene (the twilight saga) -- barbara gordon scott porter (friday night lights) -- nightwing they are joined by returning voice actors kevin conroy (batman), troy baker (two-face), nolan north (penguin), and tara strong (harley quinn). you can hear directly from the actors about their work on arkham knight through the video below. originally scheduled to launch in 2014, the new arkham knight release date is june 23 for xbox one, playstation 4, and pc. recently, rocksteady released a thrilling new trailer for the game that also confirmed it will have a grand theft auto v-style character switch mechanic.

ˈgugəl ˈsiˌiˈoʊ ˈsundɑr pichai*. ˌeɪˈpi ˈgugəl ɪz ˈsɛlɪŋ 138 ˈjuˈɛs ənd 69 ˈfɔrən ˈpætənts rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ˈbætəri tɛkˈnɑləʤi, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈfɔrʧən. ðə ˈpætənts, wɪʧ ər ɔn seɪl naʊ, ər grupt ˈɪntu sɪks ˈkætəˌgɔriz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ "ˈhaɪbrɪd," "ˈʧɑrʤɪŋ," ənd "ˈhɑrdˌwɛr." ðə ˈpraɪsɪŋ əv ðə ˈpætənts ɪz nɑt ˈpəblɪk ənd wɪl bi dɪˈskloʊzd tɪ pəˈtɛnʃəl baɪərz ˈoʊnli, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə seɪlz ˈdɑkjəmɛnt. ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt ˌɪnˈkludz faɪv "ˈfiʧərd" ˈpætənts aʊt əv ðə 207 ðiz ˌɪnˈklud ˈjuˈɛs ˈpætənt ə "ˈmɛθəd ənd ˌæpərˈætəs fər ˈbætəri ˈʧɑrʤɪŋ" ənd ˈjuˈɛs ˈpætənt ə "ˈkɑnˌtækt ərˈeɪnʤmənt ˈhævɪŋ ən ɑgˈzɪljəri ˈkɑnˌtækt" əˈməŋ ˈəðərz. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈfɔrʧən, ɔl əv ðə ˈpætənts wər ərˈɪʤənəli əˈwɔrdɪd tɪ ˌmoʊtərˈoʊlə, wɪʧ ˈgugəl bɔt fər ˈbɪljən ˈbɪljən) ɪn 2011 ˈgugəl ˈleɪtər soʊld ˌmoʊtərˈoʊlə tɪ fər ˈbɪljən. ðə ˈpərʧəs əv ˌmoʊtərˈoʊlə wɑz, ɪn pɑrt, ˈdrɪvən baɪ ðə lɑrʤ ˈpætənt pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ ðə ˈkəmpəˌni hæd ənd ˈgugəl ˈwɔntɪd. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ə kɔrt ˈrisəntli sɛd ðət ˈgugəl hɛld ˌmoʊtərˈoʊləz ˈpætənts ɪn bæd feɪθ. ˈgugəl ræŋkt fɪθ fər ðə moʊst ˈpætənts əˈwɔrdɪd ɪn 2015 bɪˈhaɪnd ˈsæmˌsəŋ ənd lg*. ˈæpəl ənd ˈmaɪˌkroʊˈsɔft keɪm ɪn ənd 9th*, rɪˈspɛktɪvli.

google ceo sundar pichai. ap google is selling 138 us and 69 foreign patents related to battery technology, according to fortune. the patents, which are on sale now, are groupedo six categories, including "hybrid," "charging," and "hardware." theicing of the patents is not public and will be disclosed to potential buyers only, according to the sales document. the document includes five "featured" patents out of the 207. these include us patent 6,320,354— a "method and apparatus for battery charging" and us patent 5,854,549— a "contact arrangement having an auxiliary contact" among others. according to fortune, all of the patents were originally awarded to motorola, which google bought for $12.5 billion (£8.7 billion) in 2011. google later sold motorola to lenovo for $2.5 billion. the purchase of motorola was, in part,ven by the large patent portfolio the company had and google wanted. however, a court recently said that google held motorola's patents in bad faith. google ranked fifth for the most patents awarded in 2015, behind samsung and lg. apple and microsoft came in 12th and 9th, respectively.

vjuz ɪkˈsprɛst ɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛnt ˈpəblɪʃt hir du nɑt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt ðə vjuz əv ˈlɪnəks ər ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃən. ˈwɛlkəm tɪ, ən ˌægrəˈgeɪʃən əv ˈɑrtɪkəlz ˈrɪtən baɪ dɪˈvɛləpərz. fər ə ˈbrɔdər reɪnʤ əv ˈtɑpɪks, ju maɪt bi ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ˈjunəˌvərs ʤɪst dɪd ən ˈəpˈgreɪd frəm tɪ ɔn ə tɛst məˈʃin.. ðə gaɪd ɔn ðə ˈwɪˌki ɪz ˈprɪti gʊd, bət ə fju θɪŋz aɪ fərˈgɑt æt fərst: fərst ɔf wɪn ðə nu ˈkləstər wɪθ ˈimərʤ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ʃʊr ðə ˈɔpʃənz ər ðə seɪm ɛz ðə oʊld ˈkləstər. ðeɪ ər stɔrd ɪn soʊ ʤɪst meɪk ʃʊr mæʧ ɪf nɑt dɪˈlit ðə nu ˈkləstər ənd ˈimərʤ ðə ˈsɛkənd θɪŋ wɑz meɪk ʃʊr tɪ ˈɛkstrə pərˈmɪʃənz əˈgɛn (ɪn maɪ keɪs aɪ ræn dɪf ənd ðɛn ʤɪst ˈkɑpid ðə oʊld faɪl ɛz ðə ˈoʊnli ˈdɪfərəns wɑz ðə ˈɛkstrə pərˈmɪʃənz aɪ hæd ˈædɪd) ðə θərd θɪŋ wɑz hir aɪ fərˈgɑt tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ənd pɔrt ər ðə seɪm ɛz ɪn ðə oʊld (aɪ dɪd nɑt ˈkɑpi ðɪs wən ɛz ðɛr ər ə lɔt mɔr ˈdɪfərənsɪz hir. ənd əv kɔrs ʧɛk ðə rɛst əv ðə faɪl tu (dɪf ɪz jʊr frɛnd ˈəðər ðən ðət wərkt ˈrɪli wɛl fər mi ənd ɪt ɪz naʊ əp ənd ˈrənɪŋ agian*. trəˈdɪʃənəli, ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən sərˈtɪfɪkəts ər juzd ɛz ə læst rɪˈzɔrt. ju ər ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt wən fər jʊr ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki ənd kip ɪt ɪn ə sɪˈkjʊr loʊˈkeɪʃən. ɪf ju ˈɛvər luz ðə ˈsikrɪt ˈpɔrʃən əv ðə ki ənd ər əˈneɪbəl tɪ rɪˈvoʊk ɪt ˈɛni ˈəðər weɪ, ju ˌɪmˈpɔrt ðə ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən sərˈtɪfɪkət ənd səbˈmɪt ðə ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ki tɪ keyservers*. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðɛr ɪz əˈnəðər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ juz fər ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən sərˈtɪfɪkəts rɪˈvoʊkɪŋ ʃɛrd ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən kiz. teɪk, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl. wi ər ˈjuzɪŋ ə fju kiz ˈnidɪd tɪ pərˈfɔrm ˈɔtəˌmeɪtɪd ˈsɪgnəʧərz ɔn ˈsərvərz. fər ðɪs ˈrizən, ðə ki ɪz əˈspɛʃəli ɪkˈspoʊzd tɪ əˈtæks ənd wi wɔnt tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ rɪˈvoʊk ɪt kˈwɪkli ɪf ðə nid ərˈaɪzɪz. naʊ, wi ˈrɪli du nɑt wɔnt tɪ hæv ˈɛvəri ˈsɪŋgəl ˈɪnfrə ˈmɛmbər hoʊld ə ˈkɑpi əv ðə ˈsikrɪt ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wi kən gɪv ˈɪnfrə ˈmɛmbərz ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən sərˈtɪfɪkəts ˌɪnˈstɛd. ðɪs weɪ, ðeɪ meɪnˈteɪn ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv rɪˈvoʊkɪŋ ðə ki wɪˈθaʊt ənˈnɛsəˌsɛrəli ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ɪts ɪkˈspoʊʒər. ðə ˈprɑbləm wɪθ trəˈdɪʃənəl ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən sərˈtɪfɪkəts ɪz ðət ðeɪ ər səˈpɔrtɪd fər ðə ˈpərpəs əv rɪˈvoʊkɪŋ ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki ˈoʊnli. ɪn ɑr sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈmɑdəl, ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki ɪz wɛl prəˈtɛktɪd, kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ðət ər ˈtoʊtəli ɪkˈspoʊzd. ˈðɛrˌfɔr, ɪt ɪz ˈsupərflˌwəs tɪ rɪˈvoʊk ðə kəmˈplit ki wɪn ˈoʊnli ə ɪz ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzd. tɪ riˈzɑlv ðɪs ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən, tul wɑz kriˈeɪtɪd ðət kən kriˈeɪt ɪkˈspɔrtəd ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪgnəʧərz fər boʊθ ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki ənd. ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈbækˌgraʊnd ðə ki ɛz dɪˈfaɪnd baɪ 4880 kənˈsɪsts əv ə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki, wən ər mɔr ənd ˈziroʊ ər mɔr. iʧ əv ðoʊz kiz ənd kən ˌɪnˈklud ˈziroʊ ər mɔr ˈsɪgnəʧər ˈpækɪts. ðoʊz ˈpækɪts baɪnd ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən tɪ ðə spɪˈsɪfɪk ki ər, ənd ðɛr ˌɔθənˈtɪsɪti ɪz kənˈfərmd baɪ ə ˈsɪgnəʧər meɪd ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈsikrɪt ˈpɔrʃən əv ə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki. ˈsɪgnəʧərz meɪd baɪ ðə ˈoʊnər ər kɔld. ðə moʊst ˈbeɪsɪk fɔrm əv ðɛm sərv ɛz ə ˈbaɪndɪŋ bɪtˈwin ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki ənd ɪts ənd. sɪns boʊθ ðoʊz ˈklæsɪz əv ˈɑbʤɛkts ər kriˈeɪtɪd ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəntli əv ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki, ər ˈnɛsəˌsɛri tɪ dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ əˈθɛnɪk ənd kriˈeɪtɪd baɪ ðə ki ˈoʊnər frəm pəˈtɛnʃəl feɪks. əˈproʊpriɪtli, wɪl ˈoʊnli əkˈsɛpt ənd ðət hæv ˈvælɪd self-signature*. wən spɪˈsɪfɪk taɪp əv ˈsɪgnəʧərz ər ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪgnəʧərz. ðoʊz ˈsɪgnəʧərz ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ðət ðə ˈrɛləvənt ki, ər həz bɪn rɪˈvoʊkt. ɪf ə ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪgnəʧər ɪz faʊnd, ɪt teɪks ˈprɛsədəns ˈoʊvər ˈɛni ˈəðər kaɪnz əv ˈsɪgnəʧərz ənd prɪˈvɛnts ðə rɪˈvoʊkt ˈɑbʤɛkt frəm biɪŋ ˈfərðər juzd. ki ˈəpˌdeɪts ər minz əv dɪˈstrɪbjutɪŋ nu ˈdætə əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ ðə ki. ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ɪz ðət ˈdʊrɪŋ ən ˈəpˌdeɪt ðə ki ɪz nɑt ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ ə nu wən. ˌɪnˈstɛd, kəˈlɛkts ɔl ðə nu ˈdætə (subkeys*,, ˈsɪgnəʧərz) ənd ædz ɪt tɪ ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈkɑpi əv ðə ki. ðə vəˈlɪdɪti əv ðɪs ˈdætə ɪz ˈvɛrəˌfaɪd əˈgɛnst əˈproʊpriˌeɪt ˈsɪgnəʧərz. əˈproʊpriɪtli, ˈɛniˌwən kən səbˈmɪt ə ki ˈəpˌdeɪt tɪ ðə, prəˈvaɪdɪd ðət ðə nu ˈdætə ˌɪnˈkludz ˈvælɪd ˈsɪgnəʧərz. ˈsɪmələrli tɪ ˈloʊkəl ˈɪnstəns, ðə ɪz goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪt ɪts ˈkɑpi əv ðə ki ˈrəðər ðən rɪˈpleɪsɪŋ ɪt. ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən sərˈtɪfɪkəts spəˈsɪfɪkli meɪk juz əv ðɪs ˈprɑpərti. ˈtɛknɪkəli, ə ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən sərˈtɪfɪkət ɪz ˈsɪmpli ən ɪkˈspɔrtəd fɔrm əv ə ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪgnəʧər, saɪnd ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki. ɛz lɔŋ ɛz nɑt ɔn ðə ki (i.e*. dɪz nɑt si ɪt), ɪt dɪz nɑt du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ. wɪn ˌɪmˈpɔrtɪd, ædz ɪt tɪ ðə ki. ˈfərðər səbˈmɪʃənz ənd ˈɛkspɔrts ˌɪnˈklud ɪt, ˈifɛktɪvli dɪˈstrɪbjutɪŋ ɪt tɪ ɔl ˈkɑpiz əv ðə ki. bɪldz ɔn ðɪs aɪˈdiə. ɪt kriˈeɪts ənd ˈɛkspɔrts ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪgnəʧərz fər ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki ənd. du tɪ ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃənz (ənd fər ˈbɛtər kəmˌpætəˈbɪləˌti), ˈrəðər ðən ɪkˈspɔrtɪŋ ðə ˈsɪgnəʧər əˈloʊn ɪt ˈɛkspɔrts ə ˈmɪnəməl ˈkɑpi əv ðə ˈrɛləvənt ki. ðɪs ˈkɑpi kən bi ˌɪmˈpɔrtɪd ʤɪst laɪk ˈɛni ˈəðər ki ˈɛkspɔrt, ənd ɪt ˈkɔzɪz ðə ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪgnəʧər tɪ bi ˈædɪd tɪ ðə ki. ˈæftərwərdz, ɪt kən bi ɪkˈspɔrtəd ənd dɪˈstrɪbjətəd ʤɪst laɪk ə ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən dən dɪˈrɛkli ɔn ðə ki. ˈjusɪʤ tɪ juz ðə skrɪpt, ju nid tɪ hæv ðə ˈsikrɪt ˈpɔrʃən əv ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki əˈveɪləbəl, ənd ˈpəblɪk ɛnˈkrɪpʃən kiz fər ɔl ðə ˈpipəl hu ər səˈpoʊzd tɪ əbˈteɪn ə ˈkɑpi əv ðə ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪgnəʧərz (rɪˈsɪpiənts). ðə skrɪpt teɪks æt list tu pərˈæmətərz: ən aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪər əv ðə ki fər wɪʧ ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪgnəʧərz ʃʊd bi kriˈeɪtɪd, ˈfɑloʊd baɪ wən ər mɔr ˈiˌmeɪl ˈæˈdrɛsɪz əv ˈsɪgnəʧər rɪˈsɪpiənts. ɪt kriˈeɪts ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪgnəʧərz boʊθ fər ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki ənd fər ɔl ˈvælɪd, fər ɔl ðə ˈpipəl ˈspɛsəˌfaɪd. ðə ˈsɪgnəʧərz ər ˈrɪtən ˈɪntu ðə ˈkɑrənt dɪˈrɛktəri ɛz ki ˈɛkspɔrts ənd ər ɪnˈkrɪptɪd tɪ iʧ ˈspɛsəˌfaɪd ˈpərsən. ðeɪ ʃʊd bi dɪˈstrɪbjətəd ˈæftərwərdz, ənd kɛpt sɪˈkjʊrli baɪ ɔl ðə ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz. ɪf ə nid tɪ rɪˈvoʊk ˈiðər ə ər ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki ərˈaɪzɪz, ðə fərst ˈpərsən əˈveɪləbəl kən ðə ˈsɪgnəʧər, ˌɪmˈpɔrt ɪt ənd sɛnd ðə rɪˈzəltɪŋ ki tɪ keyservers*. əˈdɪʃəˌnəli, iʧ ˈsɪgnəʧər ˌɪnˈkludz ə ˈkɑmɛnt ˈspɛsəˌfaɪɪŋ ðə ˈpərsən ɪt wɑz kriˈeɪtɪd fər. ðɪs ˈkɑmɛnt wɪl ˈæftərwərdz bi dɪˈspleɪd baɪ ɪf wən əv ðə ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪgnəʧərz ɪz ˌɪmˈpɔrtɪd. ðɪs prəˈvaɪdz ə klɪr ˈɔdɪt treɪs ɛz tɪ hu rɪˈvoʊkt ðə ki. sɪˈkjʊrəti kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃənz iʧ əv ðə ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪgnəʧərz kən bi juzd baɪ ən əˈtækər tɪ dɪˈseɪbəl ðə ki ɪn kˈwɛʃən. ðə ˈsɪgnəʧərz ər prəˈtɛktɪd θru ɛnˈkrɪpʃən. ˈðɛrˌfɔr, ðə ˈsɪstəm ɪz ˈvəlnərəbəl tɪ ðə ki əv ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈsɪgnəʧər ˈoʊnər biɪŋ ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzd. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðɪs ɪz kənˈsɪdərəbli ˈseɪfər ðən ðə ɪkˈwɪvələnt ˈɔpʃən əv dɪˈstrɪbjutɪŋ ðə ˈsikrɪt ˈpɔrʃən əv ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki. ɪn ðə ˈlætər keɪs, ðə əˈtækər wʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ kəmˈplitli ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz ðə ki ənd juz ɪt fər məˈlɪʃəs ˈpərpəsɪz; ɪn ðə ˈfɔrmər, ɪt ɪz ˈoʊnli ˈkeɪpəbəl əv rɪˈvoʊkɪŋ ðə ki ənd ˈðɛrˌfɔr ˈkɔzɪŋ səm frəˈstreɪʃən. ˈfərðərˌmɔr, ðə ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈkɑmɛnt hɛlps aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪɪŋ ðə ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzd ˈjuzər. ðə ˈtreɪˌdɔf bɪtˈwin riˌlaɪəˈbɪləti ənd sɪˈkjʊrəti kən bi əˈʤəstɪd baɪ ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˌrɛvəˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪgnəʧər ˈhoʊldərz. ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl dɪˈskraɪbz ðə dɪˈfɪʃənsi əv ˌɛvəˈluʃən meɪl klaɪənt ðət ɛkˈstræpəˌleɪts ðə trəst əv wən əv ki ˈɪntu ðə ki ˌɪtˈsɛlf, ənd rɪˈpɔrts ɪt əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə (pəˈtɛnʃəli untrusted*) ˈpraɪˌmɛri. ðɪs kriˈeɪts ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv ˈtrɪkɪŋ ðə ˈjuzər ˈɪntu ˈtrəstɪŋ ə meɪl ˈviə ˈædɪŋ ə fɔrʤd tɪ ə ki ðət həz ə ˈpriviəsli ˈtrəstɪd. kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ seɪ ju wɔnt tɪ sɛnd ə ˌkɑnfəˈdɛnʃəl ˈmɛsɪʤ tɪ mi, ənd ˈpɑsəbli rɪˈsiv ə rɪˈplaɪ. θru ɪmˈplɔɪɪŋ ɛnˈkrɪpʃən, ju kən prɪˈvɛnt ə θərd ˈpɑrti frəm ˈrɛdɪŋ ɪts ˈkɑntɛnts, ˈivɪn ɪf ɪt kən ˌɪnərˈsɛpt ðə ciphertext*. θru ˈsɪgnəʧərz, ju kən ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðə ˌɔθənˈtɪsɪti əv ðə ˈmɛsɪʤ, ənd ˈðɛrˌfɔr dɪˈtɛkt ˈɛni ˈpɑsəbəl ˈtæmpərɪŋ. bət fər ɔl ðɪs tɪ wərk, ju nid tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðə ˌɔθənˈtɪsɪti əv ðə ˈpəblɪk kiz fərst. ɪn ˈəðər wərdz, wi nid tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ prɪˈvɛnt ðə əˈfɔrˌmɛnʃənd θərd ˈpɑrti ˈpɑsəbli ˈkeɪpəbəl əv ˌɪnərˈsɛptɪŋ jʊr kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ənd ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ ə fɔrʤd ki wɪθ maɪ krəˈdɛnʃəlz ɔn ɪt frəm ˈtrɪkɪŋ ju ˈɪntu ˈjuzɪŋ ðə rɔŋ ki. ðɪs ˈrɛndərz ki ˌɔθənˈtɪsɪti ðə ˌfəndəˈmɛnəl ˈprɑbləm əv cryptography*. bət ˌbiˈfɔr wi stɑrt dɪˈskəsɪŋ haʊ ki ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃən ɪz ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd, wi nid tɪ ˈkəvər əˈnəðər ˌfəndəˈmɛnəl ˈɪʃu aɪˈdɛntəˌti. ˈæftər ɔl, hu æm aɪ hu ɪz ðə ˈpərsən ju ər ˈraɪtɪŋ tɪ? ər ju ˈraɪtɪŋ tɪ ə ˈpərsən mɛt? ər tɪ ə spɪˈsɪfɪk dɪˈvɛləpər? ˈɔθər əv səm ˈprɑʤɛkt? ˌbiˈfɔr ju kən dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ maɪ əˈθɛnɪk ki frəm ə fɔrʤd ki, ju nid tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈklɪrli dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ mi frəm ən ˌɪmˈpɔstər. fɔrmz əv aɪˈdɛntəˌti aɪˈdɛntəˌti ˈviə ˈiˌmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs ɪf jʊr ˈpraɪˌmɛri goʊl ɪz tɪ kəmˈjunəˌkeɪt wɪθ ðə ˈoʊnər əv ðə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈiˌmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs, ɪt simz ˈɑbviəs tɪ əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪt ðə aɪˈdɛntəˌti wɪθ ðə ˈoʊnər əv ðə ˈiˌmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, haʊ ɪn ˌriˈæləˌti wʊd ju dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ ə owner’*’ əv ðə ˈiˌmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs frəm ə ˈkrækər hu ˈmænɪʤd tɪ əbˈteɪn ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ɪt, ər tɪ ˌɪnərˈsɛpt jʊr ˈnɛtˌwərk kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃənz ənd ˌɪnˈʤɛkt fɔrʤd meɪlz? ðə truθ ɪz, ðə bɛst ju kən ˈsərtəˌfaɪ ɪz ðət ðə ˈoʊnər əv ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ki ɪz ˈeɪbəl tɪ rɛd sɛnd meɪlz frəm ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈiˌmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs, æt ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr pɔɪnt ɪn taɪm. ðɛn, ɪf ju kən ˈsərtəˌfaɪ ðə seɪm fər ə lɔŋ ɪˈnəf ˈpɪriəd əv taɪm, ju meɪ ˈrizənəbli əˈsum ðə ˈæˌdrɛs ɪz kənˈtɪnjuəsli juzd baɪ ðə seɪm aɪˈdɛntəˌti (wɪʧ meɪ kˈwɑləˌfaɪ ɛz ə ləˈʤɪtəmət ˈoʊnər ər ə ˈkrækər wɪθ ə lɔt əv ˈpeɪʃəns). əv kɔrs, ɔl ðɪs rɪˈlaɪz ɔn jʊr trəst ɪn meɪl ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər nɑt biɪŋ ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzd. aɪˈdɛntəˌti ˈviə ˈpərsɪnəl ˈdætə ə ˈstrɔŋgər prəˈtɛkʃən əˈgɛnst ˈkrækərz meɪ bi prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ əˈsoʊsiˌeɪtɪŋ ðə aɪˈdɛntəˌti wɪθ ˈpərsɪnəl ˈdætə, ɛz kənˈfərmd baɪ ˈdɑkjəmənts. ɪn keɪs əv, ðɪs ɪz ʤɪst ðə ril neɪm; sərˈtɪfɪkəts ˈɔlsoʊ prəˈvaɪd fildz fər strit ˈæˌdrɛs, foʊn ˈnəmbər, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə. ðə juz əv ril neɪmz simz tɪ bi beɪst ɔn tu əˈsəmpʃənz: ðət jʊr ril neɪm ɪz ˈrizənəbəl ˈwɛlˈnoʊn (e.g*. ɪt kən bi ɪˈstæblɪʃt wɪθ ˈlɪtəl rɪsk əv biɪŋ ˌriˈpleɪst baɪ ə θərd ˈpɑrti), ənd ðət ðə əˈtækər dɪz nɑt wɪʃ tɪ dɪˈskloʊz hɪz oʊn neɪm. ˌbiˈsaɪdz ðət, ˈjuzɪŋ ril neɪmz mits wɪθ səm əˈdɪʃənəl ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm. ˈfərstli, rikˈwaɪərɪŋ wən tɪ juz hɪz ril neɪm meɪ bi kənˈsɪdərd ən ˌɪnˈveɪʒən ɔn ˈpraɪvəsi. moʊst ˈnoʊtəbli, səm ˈpipəl wɪʃ nɑt tɪ dɪˈskloʊz ər juz ðɛr ril neɪmz, ənd ðɪs ˈifɛktɪvli prɪˈvɛnts ðɛm frəm ˈɛvər biɪŋ ˈsərtəˌfaɪd. ˈsɛkəndli, ril neɪmz ər nɑt juˈnik. ˈæftər ɔl, ðə ˈneɪmɪŋ ˈsɪstəmz dɪˈvɛləpt frəm ðə nəˈsɛsɪti əv dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃɪŋ ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ɪn kəmˈpærətɪvˌli smɔl grups, ənd ðeɪ ˈsɪmpli skeɪl tɪ ðə saɪz əv ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt. ˈðɛrˌfɔr, neɪm kəˈlɪʒənz ər ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈpɑsəbəl ənd wi ər riˈlaɪɪŋ ɔn ʃɪr lək ðət ðə əˈtækər ˈhæpən tɪ hæv ðə seɪm neɪm ɛz ju du. ˈθərdli ənd moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtəntli, ˈvɛrəˌfaɪɪŋ aɪˈdɛntəˌti ˈdɑkjəmənts ɪz ənd ənˈtreɪnd ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ər ˈlaɪkli tɪ fɔl ˈvɪktɪm əv ˌmidiˈoʊkər kˈwɑləti feɪks. ˈæftər ɔl, ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈpipəl hu ˈhoʊpfəli rɛd səm ˈɑrtɪkəl ɔn ˈvɛrəˌfaɪɪŋ ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr kaɪnd əv ˈdɑkjəmɛnt bət hæv noʊ ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzɪŋ ˈfɔrʤəri, noʊ ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzd ˈhɑrdˌwɛr (aɪ səˈpoʊz moʊst əv ju ˈkɛri ə ˈmægnəˌfaɪɪŋ glæs ənd ə laɪt ɔn ˈjɔrsɛlf) ənd hu meɪ læk skɪlz ɪn kəmˈpɛrɪŋ ˈsɪgnəʧərz ər ˈfoʊtəˌgræfs (nɑt tɪ ˈmɛnʃən səm ˈpipəl hæv ˈrɪli oʊld ˈfoʊtəˌgræfs ɪn ˈdɑkjəmənts). səm ˈkəntriz ˈivɪn ˈɪʃu ˈɛni əˈfɪʃəl ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən fər ˈdɑkjəmɛnt ˌvɛrəfəˈkeɪʃən ɪn ˈɪŋlɪʃ! ˈfaɪnəli, ˈivɪn ˌbiˈsaɪdz ðə pɔɪnt əv fɔrʤd ˈdɑkjəmənts, ðɪs rɪˈlaɪz ɔn trəst ɪn ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən. aɪˈdɛntəˌti ˈviə ˈfoʊtəˌgræfs ðɪs wən ˈmɛnʃənɪŋ ˈmɪrli fər kəmˈplitnəs. kiz əˈlaʊ ˈædɪŋ ə ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ɛz wən əv jʊr. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðɪs ɪz ˈrəðər ˈrɛrli juzd (aʊt əv ðə kiz maɪ fɛʧt soʊ fɑr, lɛs ðən 10 hæv ˈfoʊtəˌgræfs). ðə kənˈsərnz ər ˈsɪmələr ɛz fər ˈpərsɪnəl ˈdætə: ɪt əˈsumz ðət ˈəðərz ər rɪˈlaɪəbli ˈeɪbəl tɪ noʊ haʊ ju lʊk laɪk, ənd ðət ðeɪ ər ˈkeɪpəbəl əv rɪˈlaɪəbli kəmˈpɛrɪŋ ˈfeɪsɪz. ˈɔnˌlaɪn aɪˈdɛntəˌti ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ˈkɑnsɛpt ɪz tɪ juz jʊr ˈpəblɪk ˈɔnˌlaɪn ækˈtɪvɪti tɪ pruv jʊr aɪˈdɛntəˌti səʧ ɛz ˈwɛbˌsaɪts ər ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə. ðɪs ɪz ˈʤɛnərəli beɪst ɔn ˈməltəpəl ˈrisɔrsɪz wɪθ ˈpruvən ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ ˈækˌsɛs, ənd əˈsumɪŋ ðət ən əˈtækər wʊd nɑt bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz ɔl əv ðɛm ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli. ə fɔrm əv ðɪs ˈkɑnsɛpt ɪz ˈjutəˌlaɪzd baɪ keybase.io*. ðɪs ˈsərvɪs bɪldz trəst ɪn ˈjuzər ˈproʊˌfaɪlz ˈviə jʊr ˈproʊˌfaɪlz ɔn səm ɪkˈstərnəl saɪts jʊr ˈwɛbˌsaɪts. ˈfərðərˌmɔr, ɪt ˈæktɪvli ɪnˈkərəʤəz ˈəðər ˈjuzərz tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðoʊz ɪkˈstərnəl prufs ɛz wɛl. ðɪs aɪˈdɛntəˌti ˈmɑdəl ɪnˈtaɪərli rɪˈlaɪz ɔn trəst ɪn ˈnɛtˌwərk ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər ənd ɪkˈstərnəl saɪts. ðə əv ɪt biɪŋ ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzd ɪz rɪˈdust baɪ (pəˈtɛnʃəli) riˈlaɪɪŋ ɔn ˈməltəpəl ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt saɪts. wɛb əv trəst ˈmɑdəl moʊst əv taɪm, ju bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ dɪˈrɛkli ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðə aɪˈdɛntəˌti əv ˈɛvriˌwən laɪk tɪ kəmˈjunəˌkeɪt wɪθ. ðɪs kriˈeɪts ə nəˈsɛsɪti əv əbˈteɪnɪŋ ˌɪndərˈɛkt pruf əv ˌɔθənˈtɪsɪti, ənd ðə ˈmɑdəl ˈnɔrməli juzd fər ðət ˈpərpəs ɪn ɪz ðə wɛb əv trəst. aɪ bi ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə faɪn ˈditeɪlz ju kən faɪnd ðɛm e.g*. ɪn ðə nu ˈpraɪvəsi ˈhændˌbʊk. fər ɑr ˈpərpəsɪz, ɪt səˈfaɪsɪz tɪ seɪ ðət ɪn ðə ˌɔθənˈtɪsɪti əv kiz ju ˈvɛrəˌfaɪd meɪ bi əˈsɛst baɪ ˈpipəl huz kiz ju trəst ɔˈrɛdi, ər ˈpipəl ðeɪ noʊ, wɪθ ə ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈlɛvəl əv recursion*. ðə mɔr ki ˈhoʊldərz ju kən trəst, ðə mɔr kiz ju kən hæv ˈvɛrəˌfaɪd ˌɪndərˈɛkˌtli ənd ðə mɔr ˈlaɪkli ɪt ɪz ðət jʊr fˈjuʧər rɪˈsɪpiənt wɪl bi ɪn ðət grup. ər ðət ju wɪl bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ gɪt ˈsəmˌwən frəm əˈkrɔs ðə wərld ˈɪntu jʊr baɪ ˈmitɪŋ ˈsəmˌwən rɪˈzaɪdɪŋ məʧ ˈkloʊzər tɪ ˈjɔrsɛlf. ˈðɛrˌfɔr, ˈnæʧərəli wɔnt ðə tɪ groʊ fæst ənd ˌɪnˈklud mɔr ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz. wɔnt tɪ priʧ ˈɔntu ˈpipəl. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðɪs kəmz wɪθ ˌɪnˈhɛrənt ˈdeɪnʤər: kən ju ˈrɪli trəst ðət ðeɪ wɪl ˈprɑpərli ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðə aɪˈdɛntəˌti əv ðə kiz ðeɪ saɪn? aɪ bɪˈliv ðɪs ɪz ðə moʊst ˌfəndəˈmɛnəl ˈɪʃu wɪθ ˈmɑdəl: fər ɪt tɪ wərk ˈaʊtˈsaɪd əv smɔl ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzd ˈsərkəlz, ɪt həz tɪ ˌɪnˈklud mɔr ənd mɔr ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz əˈkrɔs ðə wərld. bət ðɪs groʊθ ˌɪˈnɛvətəbəl meɪks ɪt ˈiziər fər ə məˈlɪʃəs θərd ˈpɑrti tɪ faɪnd ˈpipəl ðət kən bi trɪkt ˈɪntu ˈsərtəˌfaɪɪŋ kiz wɪθ fɔrʤd aɪˈdɛntɪˌtiz. kənˈkluʒən ðə ˌfəndəˈmɛnəl ˈprɑbləm ɪn ˈjusɪʤ ɪz ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðə kərˈɛkt ki ənd ˈvɛrəˌfaɪɪŋ ɪts ˌɔθənˈtɪsɪti. ðɪs bɪˈkəmz əˈspɛʃəli ˈkɑmplɛks ˈgɪvɪn ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈsɪŋgəl klɪr weɪ əv dɪˈtərmənɪŋ aɪˈdɛntəˌti ɪn ðə ˈɪntərˌnɛt. ˈnɔrməli, ˈjuzɪz ə ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən əv ril neɪm ənd ˈiˌmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs, kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ ə ˈfoʊtəˌgræf. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɔl əv ðɛm hæv ðɛr ˈwiknəsɪz. dɪˈrɛkt aɪˈdɛntəˌti ˌvɛrəfəˈkeɪʃən fər ɔl rɪˈsɪpiənts ɪz non-practical*, ənd ˈðɛrˌfɔr rikˈwaɪərz ˌɪndərˈɛkt ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃən səˈluʃənz. waɪl ðə ˈmɑdəl juzd baɪ əˈtɛmpts tɪ əˈvɔɪd ˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd trəst spɪˈsɪfɪk tɪ pki*, ɪt ɪz nɑt klɪr ˈwɛðər ˈpræktɪkəli ˈmænɪʤəbəl. ɔn wən hænd, ɪt rikˈwaɪərz ˈtrəstɪŋ mɔr ˈpipəl ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ˈkəvərɪʤ; ɔn ðə ˈəðər, ɪt meɪks ɪt mɔr ˈvəlnərəbəl tɪ frɔd. ˈgɪvɪn ɔl ðə əˈbəv, ðə ˈkɑnsɛpt meɪ bi əv səm ˈɪntəˌrɛst. moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtəntli, ɪt ɪˈstæblɪʃɪz ə ˈkloʊzər riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp bɪtˈwin ðə aɪˈdɛntəˌti ju ˈæˌkʧuəli nid ənd ðə aɪˈdɛntəˌti ju ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ e.g*. ju wɔnt tɪ meɪl ðə ˈpərsən biɪŋ ən ˈoʊpən sɔrs dɪˈvɛləpər, ˈɔθər əv səm spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈprɑʤɛkts ˈrəðər ðən ˈɑrbɪˌtrɛri ˈpərsən wɪθ ə ˈkɑmən ɪˈnəf neɪm. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðɪs ˈkɑnsɛpt ɪz nɑt ɪˈstæblɪʃt ˈbrɔdli jɛt. ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl ˈʃɔrtli ɪkˈspleɪnz ðə hɪˈstɔrɪkəl ˈwiknəs rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ˈhændəlɪŋ kəˈmɪts wɪθ ˈməltəpəl ˈsɪgnəʧərz ɪn ˈoʊldər ðən ðə ˈmɛθəd əv kriˈeɪtɪŋ səʧ kəˈmɪts ɪz pərˈzɛnəd, ənd ðə rɪˈzəlts əv ˈjuzɪŋ ðɛm ər dɪˈskraɪbd ənd ˈænəˌlaɪzd. kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ tu ˈvərʒənz ɪn lɛs ðən ə mənθ? ðə ˈhɑləˌdeɪz ˈifɛkt bət nɑt ˈoʊnli! ɑr kəmˈjunɪti həz bɪn ˈbɪzi dɪˈskəsɪŋ ɑr weɪ ˈfɔrwərd tɪ (si bɪˈloʊ) ənd ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən soʊ ɪt wɑz taɪm aɪ roʊt ə bɪt əˈbaʊt ðət. kəmˈjunɪti ə nu kəˈlæbərˌeɪtər fərst əv ɔl wi hæv ðə greɪt ˈplɛʒər ənd ˈɑnər tɪ ˈwɛlkəm ˈmæksəm bæz ɛz ə nu kəˈlæbərˌeɪtər ɔn ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt! hɪz ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt, ˈnumərəs ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃənz ənd ˈɪnˌsaɪtfəl rəvˈjuz tɪ həz meɪd ɪm ə wɛl noʊn kəmˈjunɪti ˈmɛmbər, nɑt tɪ ˈmɛnʃən hɪz səˈpɔrt wəns əˈgɛn, θæŋk ju fər biɪŋ ðɛr ˈmæksəm! zɛn əv ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ dɪˈskəʃən, wi wərkt ɔn dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ ˈbɛtər haʊ tɪ kənˈtrɪbjut tɪ ɛz wɛl ɛz ə sɛt əv ˈgaɪˌdlaɪnz wi əˈgri ɔn tɪ gɪt ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt ˈmuvɪŋ ɔn sˈmuðli. hir ɪz bɔrn ðə zɛn əv wɪʧ ɪkˈstɛndz ðə fəˈlɑsəfi frəm ðə ˈjuzər pɔɪnt əv vju tɪ ðə kənˈtrɪbjətər pɔɪnt əv vju! ðɪs əˈlaʊd ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ˈhændəl ðə ˈnumərəs ˈoʊpən pʊl rɪkˈwɛsts ənd gɪt ðɛr ˈnəmbər daʊn tɪ 5 æt ðə taɪm əv ˈraɪtɪŋ ðɪs poʊst! ˈivɪn ɑr dɪr @ˈleɪzərz hæv ˈɛni ˈoʊpən ˌɛniˈmɔr ˈvərʒənz ɑr ˈmæʤɪk @ˈleɪzərz həz wərkt ə lɔt ɔn ˈʤɛnərəl ˈmɑʤulz ˈɔpʃənz ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈædɪŋ səˈpɔrt fər ˈædɪd ˈfiʧərz səʧ ɛz ˈbɔrdər ˈkələrɪŋ ənd faɪn ˈtunɪŋ. ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ɪz ðə wərk əv ˈkɛnʤi oʊˈkɑdə əraʊnd ˈpækɪʤɪŋ əv. θæŋks ə lɔt fər ðɪs wərk ənd fər ˈʃɛrɪŋ! aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ laɪkt ðə kˈwɛʃən əv ɑnˈdreɪəs ˈləndbləd ˈæskɪŋ ɪf wi kʊd hæv ə ˈfiʧər əˈlaʊɪŋ tɪ dɪˈspleɪ ə ˈkəstəm ˈgræfɪkəl ˈaʊtˌpʊt, səʧ ɛz ə smɔl ər ˈɛniˌθɪŋ əˈpɑn ˈklɪkɪŋ ɔn ðə i3bar*, ju maɪt bi ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ˈfɑloʊɪŋ əp ðə ˈɪʃu hi ˈoʊpənd. meɪk ʃʊr tɪ rɛd ðə əˈmeɪzɪŋ fər ˈditeɪlz, ə lɔt əv ˈmɑʤulz hæv bɪn ɛnˈhænst! ˈhaɪˌlaɪts ju kən naʊ sɛt ə ˈbækˌgraʊnd, ˈbɔrdər ˈkələrz ənd ðɛr ˈərʤənt ˈkaʊntərˌpɑrts ɔn ə ˈgloʊbəl skeɪl ər pər ˈmɑʤul naʊ ʧɛks fər blæk ˈfɔrˌmæt ɔn ˈmɑʤulz, soʊ naʊ ɔl ðə koʊd beɪs oʊˈbeɪ ðə blæk ˈfɔrˌmæt staɪl! ɔl rɪkˈwɛsts beɪst ˈmɑʤulz naʊ hæv ə ˈstændərd weɪ tɪ dɪˈfaɪn ˈtaɪˌmaʊt ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə seɪm 10 ˈsɛkəndz dɪˈfɔlt ˈtaɪˌmaʊt naʊ əˈlaʊz ˈsɛndɪŋ klɪk ɪˈvɛnts wɪθ ðə -ɛn kəˈmænd laɪn ˈɑrgjəmənt həz bɪn riˈmuvd ɛz ɪt wɑz ˌɑbsəˈlit. wi wɪl ˌɪgˈnɔr ɪt ɪf ju hæv sɛt ɪt əp, bət ˈbɛtər riˈmuv ɪt tɪ bi klin ɛz ɪt wɑz ˌɑbsəˈlit. wi wɪl ˌɪgˈnɔr ɪt ɪf ju hæv sɛt ɪt əp, bət ˈbɛtər riˈmuv ɪt tɪ bi klin ju kən ˈspɛsəˌfaɪ jʊr oʊn ˈbaɪnəˌri pæθ ˈjuzɪŋ ðə nu -ju, kəˈmænd laɪn ˈɑrgjəmənt θæŋks tɪ ənd @ˈleɪzərz kəˈmænd laɪn ˈɑrgjəmənt θæŋks tɪ ənd @ˈleɪzərz sɪns ˈjɑˌhu! ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ˌriˈtaɪər ɪts ˈpəblɪk fri ˈwɛðər, ðə ˈmɑʤul həz bɪn riˈmuvd nu ˈmɑʤulz nu ˈmɑʤul: dɪˈspleɪ ˈsɪstəm ˈmɑnətərɪŋ 1664 baɪ ˈleɪzərz ˈmɑʤul: dɪˈspleɪ ˈsɪstəm ˈmɑnətərɪŋ 1664 baɪ ˈleɪzərz nu ˈmɑʤul dɪˈspleɪ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ˈrənɪŋ ˈimərʤ 1275 baɪ dɪˈspleɪ ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ˈrənɪŋ ˈimərʤ 1275 baɪ nu ˈmɑʤul ʧeɪnʤ jʊr skrin ˈkələr ˈtɛmpərəʧər 1142 baɪ ˈleɪzərz ʧeɪnʤ jʊr skrin ˈkələr ˈtɛmpərəʧər 1142 baɪ ˈleɪzərz nu ˈmɑʤul tɪ ʧɛk fər ˈmɛgə ˈsərvɪs ˌsɪŋkrənəˈzeɪʃən 1458 baɪ ˈmæksəm bæz tɪ ʧɛk fər ˈmɛgə ˈsərvɪs ˌsɪŋkrənəˈzeɪʃən 1458 baɪ ˈmæksəm bæz nu ˈmɑʤul tɪ ʧɛk jʊr ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈbændwɪdθ 1435 baɪ tɪ ʧɛk jʊr ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈbændwɪdθ 1435 baɪ nu ˈmɑʤul kənˈtroʊl frəm jʊr bɑr 1376 baɪ kənˈtroʊl frəm jʊr bɑr 1376 baɪ nu ˈmɑʤul velib_metropole*: dɪˈspleɪ ˈsteɪʃənz ənd 1515 baɪ ə wərd ɔn du ju ˈwəndər ˈgɑnə bi ɪn ðə riˈlis? du ju hæv aɪˈdiəz ðət laɪk tɪ ʃɛr? du ju hæv drimz ðət ləv tɪ bɪˈkəm tru? ðɛn meɪk ʃʊr tɪ rɛd ənd pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ɪn ðə ˈoʊpən ɔn ˈvərʒən! dɪˈvɛləpmənt həz nɑt ˈstɑrtɪd jɛt; wi ˈrɪli wɔnt tɪ hir frəm ju. θæŋk ju kənˈtrɪbjətərz! ðɛr wʊd bi noʊ riˈlis wɪˈθaʊt ɑr əˈmeɪzɪŋ kənˈtrɪbjətərz, soʊ θæŋk ju gaɪz! ʤæk doʊn ˈʤəstɪn ʤeɪ lɪn kiθ ˈleɪzərz ˈmæksəm bæz ˈsaɪmən ˈlɛgnər ˈkɛnʤi oʊˈkɑdə ˈtɑməs ɛf. tɪl ˈbæˌkhaʊs taɪm əˈgɛn! ʤɔɪn ˈjuˈɛs æt université*é də brəkˈsɛləs, ˈkæmpəs də solbosch*, ɪn ˈbrəsəlz, ˈbɛlʤəm. ðɪs 2019 wɪl bi hɛld ɔn ˈfɛbruˌɛri ənd 3rd*. ɑr dɪˈvɛləpərz wɪl bi ˈhæpi tɪ grit ɔl ˈoʊpən sɔrs ɛnˈθuziˌæsts æt ɑr stænd ɪn ˈbɪldɪŋ keɪ. ˈvɪzɪt ðɪs ˈwɪˌki peɪʤ tɪ si ˈkəmɪŋ. soʊ fɑr eɪt dɪˈvɛləpərz hæv ˈspɛsəˌfaɪd ðɛr əˈtɛndəns, wɪθ moʊst ˈlaɪkli ˈmɛni mɔr ɔn ðə weɪ! bɪn ˈɔlˌmoʊst wən mənθ sɪns aɪ hæd ðə ʧæns tɪ əˈtɛnd ənd spik æt ˈsɪlə ˈsəmɪt 2018 soʊ rɪˈlivd tɪ ˈfaɪnəli ˈpəblɪʃ ə ʃɔrt ɔn ðə ki θɪŋz aɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ʃɛr əˈbaʊt ðɪs ˈwəndərfəl ɪˈvɛnt! meɪk ˈsɪlə ˈbɔrɪŋ ðɪs ˈsteɪtmənt əv ˈglaʊbər ˈkɔstɑ səmz əp wət lʊkt tɪ mi tɪ bi ðə meɪn ˈdraɪvər əv ðə ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ ˈɛfərts pʊt ˈɪntu ˈsɪlə ˈleɪtli: ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪt wərk soʊ kənˈsɪstəntli wɛl ɔn ˈɛni kaɪnd əv ˈwərˌkloʊd ðət ˈbɔrɪŋ tɪ ˈɔpərˌeɪt aɪ wɪl ˈfɑloʊ əp ɔn ðɪs ˈsteɪtmənt tɪ ˈhaɪˌlaɪt ðə θɪŋz aɪ hərd ənd (ˈhoʊpfəli) ˌəndərˈstʊd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈsəmɪt. aɪ hoʊp faɪnd ɪt ˈɪnˌsaɪtfəl. rɪˈdust ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənəl ˈɛfərts ðə ənd kjuz dɪˈzaɪn stɪl həz ə lɔt əv ˌpɑsəˈbɪlətiz tɪ bi ˈlɛvərɪʤd. ðə ˈrisənt əˈdɪʃən əv ˈstrimɪŋ ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz tɪ əˈlaʊz ə ˈdræstɪk rɪˈdəkʃən ɪn ðə taɪm ɪt teɪks ðə ˈkləstər tɪ groʊ ər ʃrɪŋk (ˈdætə riˈbælənsɪŋ resynchronization*). ˌɪnkrəˈmɛntəl ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈvɛri ˈprɑməsɪŋ ɛz ðɪs ˈbækˌgraʊnd ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪz wən əv ðə moʊst ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ðɛr ɪz ɪn ðə dɪˈzaɪn. aɪ wɑz ˈhæpi tɪ hir ðət wɪl sun bi meɪd əˈveɪləbəl ənd fri tɪ juz wɪθ ˈbeɪsɪk ˈfiʧərz waɪl rɪˈteɪnɪŋ mɔr ədˈvænst wənz fər ˈɛnərˌpraɪz ˈvərʒən (laɪk backup/restore*). aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ˈnoʊtɪst ðət ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈvərʒən wɑz nɑt səˈpɔrtɪŋ ɪˈneɪbəld ˈkləstərz tɪ stɔr ɪts kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən. soʊ aɪ dɪˈrɛkli æst michał*ł fər ɪt ənd glæd ðət ɪt wɪl bi riˈlist ɔn ˈvərʒən waɪ ʧuz bɪtˈwin ˈrilˌtaɪm ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ˈwərˌkloʊdz? ðə goʊl hir ɪz tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ rən boʊθ ɔn ðə seɪm ˈkləstər baɪ ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈjuzərz ðə əˈbɪləˌti tɪ əˈsaɪn ““sla”*” ʃɛrz tɪ roʊlz. ˈbeɪsɪkli laɪk pulz ɔn æt ə məʧ ˈfaɪnər greɪn sɪns ɪt wɪl kriˈeɪt ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd kjuz ðət wɪl bi ˈweɪtɪd baɪ ðɛr ʃɛr. ˈhævɪŋ wən kju pər ˈjusɪʤ ənd fʊl əˈkaʊnɪŋ wɪl əˈlaʊ tɪ ˈlɪmət ˈrisɔrsɪz ɪˈfɪʃəntli ənd ˈjuzərz tɪ hæv ðɛr seɪ ɔn ðɛr ˈleɪtənsi slas*. bət ˈsɪlə ˈɔlsoʊ həz ə lɔt tɪ du ɪn ðə ˈbækˌgraʊnd tɪ rən sˈmuðli. soʊ waɪl ðɪs dɪˈzaɪn ˈpætərn wɑz ɔˈrɛdi əˈplaɪd tɪ ˈtæmpər compactions*, ə lɔt əv wərk həz ˈɔlsoʊ bɪn dən ɔn ˌɔtəˈmætɪk floʊ kənˈtroʊl ənd bæk ˈprɛʃər. fər ˈɪnstəns, məˈtɪriəˌlaɪzd vjuz ər ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd wɪʧ minz ðət waɪl wi kən ˌɪnərˈækt ənd pʊt ə lɔt əv ˈprɛʃər ɔn ðə ˈteɪbəl ɪts beɪst ɔn (kɔld ðə meɪn ˈteɪbəl), wi kʊd ˌoʊvərˈwɛlm ðə ˈbækˌgraʊnd wərk ˈnidɪd tɪ kip vju ˈteɪbəlz ɪn sɪŋk. tɪ ˈmɪtəˌgeɪt ðɪs, ə smɑrt bæk ˈprɛʃər əˈproʊʧ wɑz dɪˈvɛləpt ənd wɪl θˈrɑtəl ðə klaɪənts tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ðət ˈsɪlə kən ˈmænɪʤ tɪ du ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ æt ðə bɛst pərˈfɔrməns ðə ˈhɑrdˌwɛr əˈlaʊz! aɪ wɑz ˈhæpi tɪ hir ðət wərk ɔn tird ˈstɔrɪʤ ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ plænd tɪ ˈbɛtər ˈɑptɪˌmaɪz dɪsk speɪs kɔsts fər ˈsərtən ˈwərˌkloʊdz. læst bət nɑt list, ˈstɔrɪʤ fər taɪm ˈsɪriz ənd ˌænəˈlɪtɪks ˈwərˌkloʊdz ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈsəmθɪŋ ðə dɪˈvɛləpərz ər ˈlʊkɪŋ æt. ˈleɪtənsi ɪz ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ɪf ju kɛr fər ˈleɪtənsi, ju maɪt bi ˈhæpi tɪ hir ðət ə nu ˈpoʊlɪŋ (neɪmd iocb_cmd_poll*) həz bɪn kənˈtrɪbjutɪd baɪ ˈkrɪstɔf ˈhɛlwɪg ənd ˈɑvi tɪ ðə ˈlɪnəks ˈkərnəl wɪʧ əˈvɔɪdz ˈkɑntɛkst sˈwɪʧɪŋ baɪ ˈjuzɪŋ ə ʃɛrd rɪŋ bɪtˈwin ˈkərnəl ənd userspace*. ˈsɪlə wɪl bi ˈjuzɪŋ ɪt baɪ dɪˈfɔlt ɪf ðə ˈkərnəl səˈpɔrts ɪt. ðə juˈtɪləti həz bɪn ˈəpˌgreɪdɪd sɪns tɪ ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt ən ɛnˈhænst kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən. ˈɔlsoʊ, pərˈsɪstənt (dɪsk bækt) ˈteɪbəlz ər ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈrɛdi ənd ər ˈvɛri ˈprɑməsɪŋ fər ˈleɪtənsi ˈsɛnsɪtɪv ˈwərˌkloʊdz! ə wərd ɔn ˈdraɪvərz həz bɪn riˈlaɪɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈdraɪvərz sɪns ðə stɑrt. waɪl ə gʊd θɪŋ fər ðə hoʊl kəmˈjunɪti, ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ noʊt ðət ðə əˈproʊʧ ɔn ˈdætə ðət ˈsɪlə ɪz ˈjuzɪŋ ɪz nɑt noʊn ənd ˈlɛvərɪʤd baɪ ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈdraɪvərz. dɪˈskəʃənz tʊk pleɪs ənd ɪt simz ðət wɪl nɑt əˈlaʊ ðə ˈproʊtəˌkɔl tɪ ɪˈvɑlv soʊ ðət ˈdraɪvərz kʊd dɪˈskəvər ɪf ðə kəˈnɛktɪd ˈkləstər ɪz ʃɑrd əˈwɛr ər nɑt ənd ðɛn juz ðɪs ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən tɪ bi mɔr ˈklɛvər ɪn wɪʧ pæθ tɪ juz. soʊ fər naʊ həz bɪn ˈfɔrkɪŋ ənd dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ðɛr ʃɑrd əˈwɛr ˈdraɪvərz fər ˈʤɑvə ənd goʊ (noʊ ˈpaɪθɑn yet…*… aɪ wɑz ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd). kənˈteɪnərz ðə gaɪz əv kɔrs əˈvɔɪd ðə ˈfrɛnzi soʊ mɔˈrinoʊ ˌgɑrˈsiə geɪv ə lɔt əv ˈfidˌbæk ənd tɪps ɔn haʊ tɪ ˈɔpərˌeɪt ˈsɪlə ɔn ˈdɑkər wɪθ ˈmɪnəməl pərˈfɔrməns ˌdɛgrəˈdeɪʃən. həz bɪn dɪˈzaɪnd fər ˈsteɪtlɪs ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz, nɑt wənz ənd ˈdɑkər dɪz səm ˌɔtəˈmætɪk ˈmæʤɪk ðət hæv ˈrəðər bɪg pərˈfɔrməns hɪts ɔn ˈsɪlə. ju wɪl ˈbeɪsɪkli hæv tɪ pleɪ wɪθ əˈfɪnətiz tɪ ˈdɛdəˌkeɪt wən ˈsɪlə ˈɪnstəns tɪ rən ɔn wən ˈsərvər wɪθ ə ““retain”*” riˈkleɪm ˈpɑləsi. rɪˈmɛmbər ðət ðə əˈfɪʃəl ˈsɪlə ˈdɑkər ˈɪmɪʤ rənz wɪθ ɪˈneɪbəld baɪ dɪˈfɔlt wɪʧ tərnz ɔf ɔl pərˈfɔrməns ʧɛks ɔn stɑrt. soʊ stɑrt baɪ ˌdɪˈseɪblɪŋ ðət ənd lʊk æt ɔl ðə tɪps ənd ˈlɪtərəʧər ðət mɔˈrinoʊ həz pʊt ˈɔnˌlaɪn! ˈsɪlə ə lɔt həz bɪn ˈrɪtən ɔn ɪt ɔˈrɛdi soʊ aɪ wɪl ʤɪst bi ʃɔrt ɔn θɪŋz ðət ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ɪn maɪ pɔɪnt əv vju. məˈtɪriəˌlaɪzd vjuz du bæk fɪl ðə hoʊl ˈdætə sɛt ðɪs ʤɑb ɪz dən baɪ ðə vju ˈbɪldɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs ju kən wɔʧ ɪts ˈprɑˌgrɛs ɪn ðə ˈteɪbəl ˈsɛkənˌdɛri ˈɪndɛksɪz ər məˈtɪriəˌlaɪzd vjuz ˈəndər ðə hʊd laɪk ə rɪˈvərs ˈpɔɪntər tɪ ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki əv ðə meɪn ˈteɪbəl soʊ ɪf ju rɛd ðə hoʊl roʊ baɪ səˈlɛktɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈɪndɛkst ˈkɑləm, tu ridz wɪl bi ˈɪʃud ˈəndər ðə hʊd: wən ɔn ðə ˈɪndɛkst vju ˈteɪbəl tɪ gɪt ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki ənd wən ɔn ðə meɪn ˈteɪbəl tɪ gɪt ðə rɛst əv ðə ˈkɑləmz soʊ ɪf jʊr ˈwərˌkloʊd ɪz ˈmoʊstli ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd baɪ ðə hoʊl roʊ, ˈbɛtər ɔf kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə kəmˈplit tɪ rɛd frəm ðən ˈjuzɪŋ ə si ðɪs ɪz ˈivɪn mɔr tru ɪf ju plæn tɪ du reɪnʤ skænz ɛz ðɪs ˈdəbəl kˈwiri kʊd lɛd ju tɪ rɛd frəm ˈməltəpəl noʊdz ˌɪnˈstɛd əv wən reɪnʤ skæn ɪz weɪ mɔr əˈlaʊ ˈfɪltərɪŋ ˈfaɪnəli əˈlaʊz ə greɪt ˌflɛksəˈbɪləti baɪ prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ˈfɪltərɪŋ ˈrændəm noʊts səˈpɔrt fər (ˈlaɪtˈweɪt trænˈzækʃənz) wɪl bi riˈlaɪɪŋ ɔn ə fˈjuʧər ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən əv ðə ræft kənˈsɛnsəs ˈælgərˌɪðəm ˌɪnˈsaɪd ˈsɪlə. ðɪs wərk wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ ˈbɛnəfɪts məˈtɪriəˌlaɪzd vjuz kənˈsɪstənsi. dˈwɑrˌteɪ nunz wɪl bi ðə wən ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ðɪs ənd aɪ ˈɛnvi ɪm ˈvɛri məʧ! səˈpɔrt fər sərʧ ˈwərˌkloʊdz ɪz haɪ ɪn ðə praɪˈɔrətiz soʊ wi ʃʊd ˈdɛfənətli hir əˈbaʊt ɪt ɪn ðə ˈkəmɪŋ mənθs. səˈpɔrt fər ““mc”*” (nu ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ˈfɔrˌmæt) ɪz dən ənd wɪl rɪˈdus ˈstɔrɪʤ rɪkˈwaɪrmənts θæŋks tɪ ˈdætə kəmˈprɛʃən. maɪˈgreɪʃən wɪl bi trænˈspɛrənt bɪˈkəz ˈsɪlə kən rɛd ˈpriviəs ˈfɔrˌmæts ɛz wɛl soʊ ɪt wɪl ˈəpˈgreɪd jʊr ɛz ɪt ˈkɑmpækts ðɛm. dɪˈvɛləpərz hæv nɑt ˈsɛtəld ɔn haʊ tɪ bɛst ˈɪmpləmənt ˈsiˌdiˈsi. aɪ hoʊp ðeɪ du ˈrəðər sun bɪˈkəz ɪt ɪz ˈkruʃəl ɪn ðɛr əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˈɪnəˌgreɪt wɛl wɪθ ˈkɑfkə! məˈtɪriəˌlaɪzd vjuz, ˈsɛkənˌdɛri ˈɪndɛksɪz ənd ˈfɪltərɪŋ wɪl ˈbɛnəfɪt frəm ðə wərk ɔn pɑrˈtɪʃən ki ənd ˈɪndɛksɪz ˌɪntərˈsɛkʃənz tɪ əˈvɔɪd ˈsərvər saɪd ˈfɪltərɪŋ ɔn ðə koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪtər. ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ɑptɪmɪˈzeɪʃən tɪ kəm! læst bət nɑt list, hæd ðə ˈplɛʒər tɪ dɪˈskəs wɪθ hu ɪz ðə ˈpækɪʤər əv ˈsɪlə fər debian/ubuntu*. wi dɪˈskəst ˈlɪnəks ˈpækɪʤɪŋ rɪkˈwaɪrmənts ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˈrisənt ənd ˈprɑməsɪŋ wərk ɔn ə ˈpækɪʤ. wi wɪl kəˈlæbərˌeɪt mɔr ˈkloʊsli ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər! ðə tɑr ˈfɔrˌmæt ɪz wən əv ðə ˈoʊldəst ˈɑrˌkaɪv ˈfɔrˌmæts ɪn juz. ɪt kəmz ɛz noʊ səˈpraɪz ðət ɪt ɪz ˈəgli bɪlt ɛz leɪərz əv hæks ɔn ðə ˈoʊldər ˈfɔrˌmæt ˈvərʒənz tɪ ˈoʊvərˌkəm ðɛr ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃənz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈgɪvɪn ðə ɪn leɪt ənd ðə ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti əv nu tɑr, ju wʊd ɪkˈspɛkt ðə ˈprɑbləmz tɪ bi ˈmoʊstli riˈzɑlvd ˈnaʊəˌdeɪz. ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl ɪz dɪˈrɛkli ˌɪnˈspaɪərd baɪ maɪ wərk ɔn nu ˈbaɪnəˌri ˈpækɪʤ ˈfɔrˌmæt fər. maɪ ərˈɪʤənəl prəˈpoʊzəl juzd ˈvɑljum ˈleɪbəl tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˈjuzər- ənd weɪ əv dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ ɑr ˈbaɪnəˌri ˈpækɪʤɪz. waɪl ɪt ɪz ə nu tɑr ɪkˈstɛnʃən, ɪt fɔlz wɪˈθɪn faɪl ˈfɔrˌmæt ənd ju wʊd ɪkˈspɛkt ðət wʊd ˈɛkˌstrækt ɪt ɛz ˈrɛgjələr faɪlz. wət aɪ dɪd nɑt ænˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ɪz ðət səm ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən ˈriʤɛkt ðə hoʊl ˈɑrˌkaɪv ˌɪnˈstɛd. ðɪs ˈnæʧərəli reɪzd mɔr kˈwɛsʧənz ɔn haʊ ˈpɔrtəbəl ˈvɛriəs tɑr ˈfɔrˌmæts ˈæˌkʧuəli ər. tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðət, aɪ hæv ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ˈænəˌlaɪz ðə ˈstændərdz fər ˈpɑsəbəl ˌɪnˌkɑmpətɪˈbɪlɪti ˈdeɪnʤərz ənd bɪld ə swit əv tɛst ˈɪnˌpʊts ðət kʊd bi juzd tɪ ʧɛk haʊ ˈvɛriəs koʊp wɪθ ðət. ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl dɪˈskraɪbz ðoʊz pɔɪnts ənd prəˈvaɪdz tɛst rɪˈzəlts fər ə ˈnəmbər əv. pliz noʊt ðət ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl ɪz ˈfoʊkɪst ˈmɪrli ɔn ˈfɔrˌmæt kəmˌpætəˈbɪləˌti. ɪn ˈəðər wərdz, ɪt ɪˈstæblɪʃɪz haʊ tɑr faɪlz ʃʊd bi ˈrɪtən ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ əˈʧiv bɛst ˌprɑbəˈbɪləˌti ðət ɪt wɪl bi rɛd kərˈɛktli ˈæftərwərdz. ɪt dɪz nɑt ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt wət ˈfɔrˌmæts ðə ˈlɪstɪd tulz kən raɪt ənd ˈwɛðər ðeɪ kən kərˈɛktli kriˈeɪt ˈɑrˌkaɪvz ˈjuzɪŋ spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈfiʧərz. kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ ˈhæpi tɪ əˈnaʊns ðɪs riˈlis ɛz ɪt kənˈteɪnz səm ˈvɛri ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ dɪˈvɛləpmənts ɪn ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt. ðɪs riˈlis wɑz ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn kɔr ˈʧeɪnʤɪz. ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈnoʊtɪs ðɛr ər naʊ tu ˈɔpʃənəl dɪˈpɛndənsiz tɪ: wɪl ˈməŋki pæʧ ðə koʊd tɪ meɪk ɪt kənˈkərənt ðə meɪn ˈbɛnəfɪt ɪz tɪ juz ən ˈeɪˈsɪŋkrənəs lup ˌɪnˈstɛd əv θrɛdz wɪl ɪˈneɪbəl ə ˈmɑnətər ɪf ə ˈmɑʤul æsks fər ɪt (ˈoʊnli soʊ fɑr) ðə ˈbɛnəfɪt ɪz dɪˈskraɪbd bɪˈloʊ tɪ ˌɪnˈstɔl ðɛm ɔl ˈjuzɪŋ pɪp, ˈsɪmpli du: pɪp ˌɪnˈstɔl py3status[all*] ˈmɑʤulz kən naʊ ɔn ɪˈvɛnts wɪn ɪz əˈveɪləbəl, wɪl əˈlaʊ ˈmɑʤulz tɪ səbˈskraɪb ənd riækt tɪ ɪˈvɛnts! ðə ˈmɑʤul ˈjuzɪz ðɪs ˈfiʧər baɪ dɪˈfɔlt wɪʧ əˈlaʊz ðə ˈmɑʤul tɪ ˈɪnstəntli rɪˈfrɛʃ wɪn ju pləg ɪn ər ɔf ə ˈsɛkənˌdɛri ˈmɑnətər. ðɪs ˈɔlsoʊ əˈlaʊz tɪ stɑp ˈrənɪŋ ðə kəˈmænd ɪn ðə ˈbækˌgraʊnd ənd seɪvz ə lɔt əv cpu*! ˈhaɪˌlaɪts kɔr ˈjuzɪz blæk fɪks dɪˈfɔlt dɪˈtɛkʃən æd ɛz ə dɪˈfɔlt dɪˈrɛktəri, ˈkloʊzɪz 1548 æd ɪn dɪˈfɔlt ˈjuzər ˈmɑʤulz ˌɪnˈklud dɪˈrɛktəriz æd ˈmɑrˌkəp (pango*) səˈpɔrt fər ˈmɑʤulz 1408 baɪ ˈmɑʤul neɪm ɪn ðə ˈtaɪtəl 1556 baɪ @ˈleɪzərz prɪnt ˈmɑʤul ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən tɪ ˌɪnˈstɛd əv 1565 baɪ ˈmɑʤul: dɪˈfɔlt tɪ ˈjuzɪŋ ˌɪnˈstɛd əv 1562 baɪ ˈmɑʤul: fɪks ˈaʊtˌpʊt ˈɪʃu 1559 baɪ θæŋk ju kənˈtrɪbjətərz! ˈleɪzərz aɪ æm wəns əˈgɛn ˈlægɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd ðə riˈlis blɔg poʊsts bət ðɪs wən ɪz ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt wən. praʊd tɪ əˈnaʊns ðət ɑr lɔŋ taɪm kənˈtrɪbjətər @ˈleɪzərz həz bɪˈkəm ən əˈfɪʃəl kəˈlæbərˌeɪtər əv ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt! dɪr @ˈleɪzərz, jʊr əˈmeɪzɪŋ ˈɛnərʤi ənd ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ aɪˈdiəz hæv sərvd ɑr ˈlɪtəl kəmˈjunɪti fər ə waɪl. ʃʊr hæv ə greɪt weɪ ˈfɔrwərd ɛz wi lərn tɪ wərk təˈgɛðər wɪθ θæŋk ju əˈgɛn ˈvɛri məʧ fər ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ju du! ðɪs riˈlis ɪz ɛz məʧ ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd tɪ ju ɛz ɪt ɪz jʊrz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈnoʊtɪs ˈæftər ðɪs riˈlis, ˈkoʊdɪŋ staɪl wɪl ɛnˈfɔrs ðə ‘‘black‘*‘ staɪl. ˈhaɪˌlaɪts ˈnidləs tɪ seɪ ðət ðə ɪz juʤ, ɛz ˈjuʒəwəl, hir ɪz ə ˈvɛri kənˈdɛnst vju: ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən ˈəpˌdeɪts, əˈspɛʃəli ɔn ðə (θæŋks ˈstɔrɪʤ: juz ər ~/.kæˈʃeɪ: ˈməltəpəl ˈvɛriəbəl ənd ˈfiʧər ˈfɪksɪz ənd ɛnˈhænsmənts ˈbɛtər ˈpɑrsər nu ˈmɑʤulz: lm_sensors*, loadavg*, meɪl, nvidia_smi*,, timewarrior*, θæŋk ju kənˈtrɪbjətərz! ˈleɪzərz lərˈɛnts ˈstaɪnərt ɔn ˈmitɪŋ, ðə ˌtrəˈstiz hæv ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˈfaɪnəl stæmp əv əˈpruvəl tɪ ðə nu ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˈpɑləsi ˈaʊˌtlaɪnd ɪn 76 ðɪs ˈpɑləsi ɪz ðə rɪˈzəlt əv wərk ðət həz bɪn sˈloʊli prəˈgrɛsɪŋ sɪns 2005 ənd ðət həz ˈteɪkən kənˈsɪdərəbəl spid baɪ ðə ɛnd əv 2017 ɪt ɪz ə ˈmeɪʤər stɛp ˈfɔrwərd frəm ðə ˈstætəs kwoʊ ðət həz bɪn juzd sɪns ðə ˈfɔrmɪŋ əv faʊnˈdeɪʃən, ənd ðət ˈmoʊstli həz bɪn ˌɪnˈhɛrətɪd frəm ˈərliər tɛkˈnɑləʤiz. ðə ˈpɑləsi eɪmz tɪ ˈkəvər ɔl ˈæˌspɛkts, ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ɪn laɪn wɪθ ðə ˈpræktɪsɪz juzd ɪn ˈmɛni ˈəðər lɑrʤ ˈoʊpən sɔrs ˈprɑʤɛkts. moʊst ˈnoʊtəbli, ɪt ˌɪntrəˈdusɪz ə ˈkɑnsɛpt əv sərˈtɪfɪkət əv ˈɔrəʤən ðət rikˈwaɪərz ɔl kənˈtrɪbjətərz tɪ kənˈfərm ðət ðeɪ ər ɛnˈtaɪtəld tɪ səbˈmɪt ðɛr ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃənz tɪ, ənd kərˈɛkts ðə ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˌætrɪˈbjuʃən ˈpɑləsi tɪ bi ˈvaɪəbəl ˈəndər mɔr ˌʤʊrɪsˈdɪkʃənz. ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl eɪmz tɪ ˈʃɔrtli riˈɪtərˌeɪt ˈoʊvər ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt pɔɪnts ɪn ðə nu ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˈpɑləsi, ənd prəˈvaɪd ə dɪˈteɪld gaɪd ɔn ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ɪt ɪn fɔrm. kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ wɪθ ˈgeɪnɪŋ səˈpɔrt fər dɪˈspleɪz, ənd ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ˈstɑrtɪŋ tɪ ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ðət səˈpɔrt, ˈizi fər ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz tɪ ˈsədənli bɪˈkəm ənˈjuzəbəl wɪθ səm skrinz. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, maɪ oʊld ˈsæmˌsəŋ ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˌriˈpɔrtəd ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɛz skrin. waɪl ðɪs juzd nɑt tɪ ˈrɪli ˈmætər wɪθ ˈwɛbˌsaɪts ˈfɔrsɪŋ ju tɪ fɔrs ðə ˌrɛzəˈluʃən əv 96 dpi*, ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ˈstɑrtɪd ˈskeɪlɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz tɪ ˈɑkjəˌpaɪ moʊst əv maɪ skrin, wɪθ ˈɛləmənts bɪˈkəmɪŋ ˈrɪli juʤ (ənd ˈəgli, əˈpɛrəntli du tɪ səm pur ˈskeɪlɪŋ). ɪt tərnz aʊt ðət ɪt ɪz ˈrɪli hɑrd tɪ faɪnd ə səˈluʃən fər ðɪs. moʊst əv ðə gaɪdz ənd tɪps ər ˈfoʊkɪst ˈiðər ɔn prəˈpraɪəˌtɛri ˈdraɪvərz ər ɔn ˈgɪtɪŋ ˈkəstəm ˌrɛzəˈluʃənz. ðə ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən ɪn əˈpɛrəntli dɪd nɑt ʧeɪnʤ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ˈiðər. ˈfaɪnəli, aɪ wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ riˈzɑlv ðə ˈɪʃu baɪ ˈoʊvərˌraɪdɪŋ ðə ˈdætə fər maɪ skrin. ðɪs gaɪd ɪkˈspleɪnz haʊ aɪ dɪd ɪt. stɛp 1 dəmp ˈdætə ˈfərstli, ju nid tɪ gɪt ðə ˈdætə frəm jʊr ˈmɑnətər. səˈpoʊzədli tul kʊd bi juzd fər ðɪs ˈpərpəs bət ɪt dɪd nɑt wərk fər mi. wɪθ ˈoʊnli ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt mɔr ˈɛfərt, ju kən gɪt ɪt e.g*. frəm: kəˈnɛktɪd ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈnɔrməl (ˈnɔrməl lɛft ˌɪnˈvərtɪd raɪt ɛks ˈæksəs waɪ ˈæksəs) ɛks : 00000000000000000000000000000029 ɪf ju hæv ˈməltəpəl dɪˈspleɪz kəˈnɛktɪd, meɪk ʃʊr tɪ juz ðə fər ðə wən ˈoʊvərˌraɪdɪŋ. ˈkɑpi ðə ənd ˈkɑnvərt ɪt tɪ ə ˈbaɪnəˌri blɑb. ju kən du ðɪs baɪ ˈpæsɪŋ ɪt θru -pi -ɑr (ˌɪnˈstɔld baɪ vɪm). stɛp 2 fɪks skrin dɪˈmɛnʃənz wəns ju hæv ðə blɑb ˈrɛdi, ju nid tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪt ðə skrin dɪˈmɛnʃənz ˌɪnˈsaɪd ɪt. ˌɪˈnɪʃəli, aɪ dɪd ɪt ˈjuzɪŋ hɛks ˈɛdɪtər wɪʧ ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ˈfaɪndɪŋ ɔl ðə əˈkərənsɪz, ˈəpˌdeɪtɪŋ ðɛm (ənd ˈmænjuəli ɛnˈkoʊdɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə wɪrd split-integers*) ənd kərˈɛktɪŋ ðə checksums*. ðɛn, ˈrɪtən soʊ ju hæv tɪ rɪˈpit ðət ɪkˈspɪriəns. fərst, juz --gɪt ˈɔpʃən tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðət jʊr ɪz səˈpɔrtɪd kərˈɛktli: -ʤi ˈstrəkʧər: 71 ɛks 40 dɪˈteɪld ˈtaɪmɪŋ: 708 ɛks 398 dɪˈteɪld ˈtaɪmɪŋ: 708 ɛks 398 ˈsiˈiˈeɪ faʊnd dɪˈteɪld ˈtaɪmɪŋ: 708 ɛks 398 dɪˈteɪld ˈtaɪmɪŋ: 708 ɛks 398 dɪˈteɪld ˈtaɪmɪŋ: 708 ɛks 398 dɪˈteɪld ˈtaɪmɪŋ: 708 ɛks 398 soʊ jʊr kənˈsɪsts əv ˈbeɪsɪk ˈstrəkʧər, ˈfɑloʊd baɪ wən ɪkˈstɛnʃən blɑk. ðə skrin dɪˈmɛnʃənz ər stɔrd ɪn 7 ˈdɪfərənt blɑks hæv tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪt, ənd ˈrɛfərənst ɪn tu checksums*. ðə tul wɪl teɪk kɛr əv ˈəpˌdeɪtɪŋ ɪt ɔl fər ju, soʊ ʤɪst pæs ðə kərˈɛkt dɪˈmɛnʃənz tɪ --sɛt -ɛs ˈstrəkʧər ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd tɪ 160 ɛks 90 dɪˈteɪld ˈtaɪmɪŋ ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd tɪ 1600 ɛks 900 dɪˈteɪld ˈtaɪmɪŋ ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd tɪ 1600 ɛks 900 ˈsiˈiˈeɪ faʊnd dɪˈteɪld ˈtaɪmɪŋ ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd tɪ 1600 ɛks 900 dɪˈteɪld ˈtaɪmɪŋ ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd tɪ 1600 ɛks 900 dɪˈteɪld ˈtaɪmɪŋ ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd tɪ 1600 ɛks 900 dɪˈteɪld ˈtaɪmɪŋ ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd tɪ 1600 ɛks 900 ˈæftərwərdz, ju kən juz --gɪt əˈgɛn tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ ðət ðə ˈʧeɪnʤɪz wər meɪd kərˈɛktli. stɛp 3 ˈoʊvərˌraɪdɪŋ ˈdætə naʊ ʤɪst ðə ˈmætər əv ˈpʊtɪŋ ðə ˈoʊvərˌraɪd ɪn ˈmoʊʃən. fərst, meɪk ʃʊr tɪ ɪˈneɪbəl ɪn jʊr ˈkərnəl: dɪˈvaɪs ˈdraɪvərz ˈgræfɪks səˈpɔrt dɪˈrɛkt ˈrɛndərɪŋ ˈmænɪʤər ənd haɪər səˈpɔrt) əˈlaʊ tɪ ˈspɛsəˌfaɪ ən ˈdætə sɛt ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈproʊbɪŋ fər ɪt ðɛn, dɪˈtərmən ðə kərˈɛkt kəˈnɛktər neɪm. ju kən faɪnd ɪt ɪn ˈaʊtˌpʊt: -si 1 kəˈnɛktər [drm*] ˈaɪˈbi tɛst ɔn rɪŋ 5 səkˈsidɪd [drm*] dɪˈspleɪ kəˈnɛktərz [drm*] kəˈnɛktər 0 [drm*] [drm*] [drm*] kəˈnɛktər 1 [drm*] [drm*] [drm*] kəˈnɛktər 2 [drm*] ˈkɑpi ðə nu blɑb ˈɪntu loʊˈkeɪʃən əv jʊr ʧɔɪs ˌɪnˈsaɪd ˈfaɪnəli, æd ðə ˈoʊvərˌraɪd tɪ jʊr ˈkərnəl command-line*: ɪf ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ wɛnt faɪn, ʃʊd rɪˈpɔrt kərˈɛkt skrin dɪˈmɛnʃənz ˈæftər nɛkst riˈbut, ənd ʃʊd rɪˈpɔrt ðət ˈoʊvərˌraɪd həz bɪn ˈloʊdɪd: [drm*] gɑt ɪkˈstərnəl beɪs blɑk ənd 1 ɪkˈstɛnʃən frəm "edid/samsung.bin*" fər kəˈnɛktər ɪf ɪt ˈdɪdənt, ʧɛk fər ˈɛrər ˈmɛsɪʤɪz. wʊd laɪk tɪ kənˈgræʧəˌleɪt ənd fər ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ ənd ˈpæsɪŋ ˈsəmər əv koʊd fər ðə 2018 ˈkæləndər jɪr. kənˈtrɪbjutɪd baɪ ɛnˈhænsɪŋ rəst (ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ ˈlæŋgwɪʤ) səˈpɔrt wɪˈθɪn. kənˈtrɪbjutɪd baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə fʊl ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən, ˈmænɪʤd baɪ ˈpɔrtɪʤ, rən ɔn dɪˈvaɪsɪz wɪʧ juz ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈkərnəl. ðə ˈfaɪnəl rɪˈpɔrts əv ðɛr ˈprɑʤɛkts kən bi rivˈjud ɔn ðɛr ˈpərsɪnəl blɔgz:: ˈʤərni ˈɪntu eclass*, ˈtaɪmlaɪn: aɪ hæv ˈrisəntli wərkt ɔn ɪˈneɪbəlɪŋ ɔˌθɛntəˈkeɪʃən ˈviə ɔn ðə dɪˈvɛləpər məˈʃin. aɪ hæv səˈlɛktɪd əˈməŋst ˈdɪfərənt əˈveɪləbəl ɛz ɪt simd ðə bɛst meɪnˈteɪnd ənd ˈhævɪŋ ɔl ðə ˈnɛsəˌsɛri ˈfiʧərz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə ˈfrɛndli tul fər ˈjuzərz tɪ kənˈfɪgjər ɪt. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪts dɪˈzaɪn həz ə ˈwiknəs: ɪt stɔrz ðə ˈsikrɪt ˌənprəˈtɛktɪd ɪn hoʊm dɪˈrɛktəri. ðɪs minz ðət ɪf ən əˈtækər ˈmænɪʤɪz tɪ geɪn æt list ˈtɛmpərˌɛri ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə wɪθ ˈprɪvɪˌlɪʤɪz θru ə məˈlɪʃəs ˈprɔˌsɛs, ˌvəlnərəˈbɪlɪti ər ˈsɪmpli bɪˈkəz ˈsəmˌwən lɛft ðə kəmˈpjutər ənəˈtɛndɪd fər ə ˈmɪnət hi kən rɛd ðə ˈsikrɪt ənd ˈðɛrˌfɔr kloʊn ðə ˈtoʊkən sɔrs wɪˈθaʊt ˈlivɪŋ ə treɪs. ɪt wʊd kəmˈplitli dɪˈfit ðə ˈpərpəs əv ðə ˈsɛkənd stɛp, ənd ðə ˈjuzər meɪ nɑt ˈivɪn ˈnoʊtɪs ənˈtɪl ðə əˈtækər meɪks ril juz əv ðə ˈstoʊlən ˈsikrɪt. ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ prəˈtɛkt əˈgɛnst ðɪs, kriˈeɪtɪd (ɛz ˈəpˈstrim ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ˌɪgˈnɔr ðə ˈprɑbləm). ðɪs ˈpækɪʤ prəˈvaɪdz ə ˈrəðər ˈtrɪviəl ˈræpər ðət ˈmænɪʤɪz ə write-only*, ˈsikrɪt stɔr fər ðə pæm ˈmɑʤul. əˈdɪʃəˌnəli, ɪt kəmz wɪθ ə tɛst ˈproʊˌgræm (soʊ ju kən tɛst ðə ˈsɛˌtəp wɪˈθaʊt ˈʤəmpɪŋ θru ðə hups ər ˈrɪskɪŋ ˈluzɪŋ ˈækˌsɛs) ənd ˈfrɛndli ˈræpərz fər ðə dɪˈfɔlt ˈsɛˌtəp, ɛz juzd ɔn ˈɪnfrə. ðə ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd ˈsɛˌtəp (ɛz ˈjutəˌlaɪzd baɪ ˈpækɪʤ) ɪz tɪ juz ə ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd ˈjuzər fər ðə ˈpæsˌwərd stɔr. ɪn ðɪs sɪˈnɛrioʊ, ðə ˈjuzərz ər əˈneɪbəl tɪ rɛd ðɛr ˈsikrɪts, ənd ɔl ˈsikrɪt ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz (ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ɔˌθɛntəˈkeɪʃən ˈviə ðə pæm ˈmɑʤul) ər dən ˈjuzɪŋ ən ˈjuzər. ˈfərðərˌmɔr, ˈɛni ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən rɪˈgɑrdɪŋ ðə kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən (ˈiðər ˈəpˌdeɪtɪŋ ɪt ər riˈmuvɪŋ ðə ˈsɛkənd stɛp) ˌrikˈwaɪər ˈrɛgjələr pæm ɔˌθɛntəˈkeɪʃən (e.g*. ˈtaɪpɪŋ jʊr oʊn ˈpæsˌwərd). ðɪs ɪz kənˈsɪstənt wɪθ e.g*. haʊ ˈʃæˌdoʊ ˈɑpərˌeɪts (ˈjuzərz rɛd ðɛr ˈpæsˌwərdz, nɔr ˈəpˌdeɪt ðɛm wɪˈθaʊt ɔˈθɛntəˌkeɪtɪŋ fərst), haʊ moʊst saɪts ˈjuzɪŋ ɔˌθɛntəˈkeɪʃən ˈɔpərˌeɪt (əˈgɛn, ˈjuzərz rɛd ðɛr ˈsikrɪts) ənd ˈfɑloʊz ðə 6238 ˌrɛkəmənˈdeɪʃən (ðət kiz ʃʊd bi prəˈtɛktɪd əˈgɛnst əˈnɔθərˌaɪzd ˈækˌsɛs ənd ˈjusɪʤ ɪt sɑlvz ðə əˈfɔrˌmɛnʃənd ˈɪʃu baɪ prɪˈvɛnɪŋ ˈprɑsɛsəz frəm ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə ˈsikrɪts ənd rɪˈkəvəri koʊdz. ˈfərðərˌmɔr, ɪt prɪˈvɛnts ðə əˈtækər wɪθ ðɪs ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈlɛvəl əv ˈækˌsɛs frəm ˌdɪˈseɪblɪŋ ɔˌθɛntəˈkeɪʃən, ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ ðə ˈsikrɪt ər ˈivɪn ˈwikənɪŋ ðə kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən. geɪv mi ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðɛr ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər tɪ træk səm ˈɪʃuz ɔn ənd. sɪns səm əv ðə ˈɪʃuz ər rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə kəmˈpaɪlərz, aɪ ˈɑbviəsli ˌɪnˈstɔld ɔn ɪt ənd ɪn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs aɪ ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ fɪks səm ˈɪʃuz wɪθ ˈkætəˌlɪst tɪ gɪt ə ˈwərkɪŋ ˌɪnˈstɔl ˈmidiə, bət fər əˈnəðər blogpost*. təˈdeɪ ʤɪst ˈgɪvɪŋ ə ɔn haʊ tɪ gɪt ə (ənd sun) əp ənd ˈrənɪŋ. ˌprɛpərˈeɪʃən rɛd ðɪs ənd gɪt jʊr ˌɪnˈstɔl ˈmidiə əˈveɪləbəl tɪ jʊr ˈɪnstəns. ˌɪnˈstɔl ˈmidiə ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈkərəntli rɪˈfaɪnɪŋ. ˈbutɪŋ ju hæv tɪ əˈpɛnd tɪ jʊr but kəˈmænd, ðə but ˈprɔˌsɛs maɪt ˈfɪgjər ɪt aʊt fər ju ɔn nuər ˌɪnˈstɔl (aɪ stɪl hæv tɪ sɛnd ˈpæʧɪz tɪ ˈəpˌdeɪt livecd-tools*) ˈnɛtˌwərk kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən ju hæv tɪ ˈmænjuəli ˈsɛˌtəp ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk. ju kən juz ənd rut ər ˌaɪˌpi ɛz ju laɪk, rɪˈfər tɪ jʊr ˈɪnstəns ˈsɛˌtəp fər ðə pərˈæmətərz. rut æd -nɛt dɪˈfɔlt ${gw*} ˈɛkoʊ ˌaɪˌpi ə æd dɛv ˌaɪˌpi ɛl sɛt əp ˌaɪˌpi ɑr æd dɪˈfɔlt ˈviə ${gw*} ˈɛkoʊ dɪsk ˈsɛˌtəp simz tɪ laɪk məʧ ˈbɛtər: ˈpɑrtɪd ju meɪ juz tɪ kriˈeɪt: ə ˈpaʊərˈpiˈsi prɛp but pɑrˈtɪʃən əv rut pɑrˈtɪʃən wɪθ ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ speɪs dɪˈvaɪs stɑrt ɛnd ˈsɛktərz saɪz taɪp 2048 18431 16384 ˈpaʊərˈpiˈsi prɛp but 18432 33554654 33536223 ˈlɪnəks ˈjuzɪŋ ənd ənd /usr/src*/ ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈsɛˌtəp ɪt ɪz ˈprɪti məʧ ðə ˈjuʒəwəl. maʊnt ˈsiˈdi tɑr maʊnt -oʊ baɪnd /dɛv dɛv maʊnt -ti maʊnt -ti maʊnt -ti ˌɛtˈsɛtərə ju ʤɪst hæv tɪ ˈimərʤ grəb ənd aɪ dɪˈvərʤ frəm ðə baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈbɪlˌtɪn. maɪ -paɪp" ˈwɔrnɪŋ: ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ jʊr ɪz nɑt ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət ʃʊd bi dən ˈlaɪtli. pliz kənˈsəlt ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ. chost="powerpc64le-unknown-linux-gnu*" noʊt: ðɪs steɪʤ wɑz bɪlt wɪθ ðə juz flæg ɪˈneɪbəld portdir="/usr/portage*" distdir="/usr/portage/distfiles*" pkgdir="/usr/portage/packages*" vsx*" ðɪs sɛts ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ əv bɪld ˈaʊtˌpʊt tɪ ˈɪŋlɪʃ. pliz kip ðɪs ˈsɛtɪŋ ˌɪnˈtækt wɪn rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ bəgz. 10 6 maɪ ˈmɪnəməl sɛt əv ˈpækɪʤɪz aɪ nid ˌbiˈfɔr ˈbutɪŋ: ˈimərʤ grəb vɪm noʊt: ju wɔnt tɪ ˈimərʤ əˈgɛn ənd meɪk ʃʊr ɪz nɑt ɪn jʊr juz ˈkərnəl ˈsiˈdi meɪk meɪk aɪ wɔnt ˈbɪlˌtɪn soʊ aɪ kən əˈvɔɪd ə meɪk -ʤeɪ 10 ɔl meɪk ˌɪnˈstɔl meɪk -oʊ noʊt: meɪk ʃʊr ju pæs ˈəðərˌwaɪz grəb wɪl ˈhæpəli əˈsum noʊz əˈbaʊt ənd ʤɪst pɔɪnt ɪt tɪ jʊr dɪˈrɛktəri. nɑt ðə keɪs ənˈfɔrʧənətli. ˈnɛtˌwərkɪŋ ˈjuzɪŋ ənd ˈjuzɪŋ ðə eth0-naming-convention*. təʧ leɪn ˈɛkoʊ -i ˈviə ${gw*}\" ˈpæsˌwərd ənd ˈivɪn ɪf ðə ɪz kwaɪt nis, ju wʊd ˈrəðər juz ɛz məʧ ɛz ju kʊd. æd dɪˈfɔlt ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ ˈtəʧɪz raɪt naʊ dɪz nɑt æd ðə ˈkɑnsoʊl ɛz ɪt ʃʊd du tɪ ə ˈproʊˌfaɪl kwərk, fər naʊ ʧɛk ənd ɪn keɪs æd: ˈɛkoʊ -ɛl 9600 æd jʊr ˈjuzər ənd æd jʊr ki ənd ju ər ˈrɛdi tɪ juz jʊr nu ˈsɪstəm! dɪd ju noʊ ðət ˈhɛlpərz kən rɛd frəm stdin*? wɛl, naʊ ju noʊ! soʊ ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈraɪtɪŋ tɪ ə ˈtɛmpərˌɛri faɪl ju kən ˌɪnˈstɔl jʊr tɛkst streɪt tɪ ðə ˌdɛstɪˈneɪʃən: src_install*() oʊld koʊd kæt daɪ ˌɛgˈzɛk rɪˈpleɪsmənt ˌɛgˈzɛk ðə ˈrisənt ˈɛfərts ɔn ˌɪmˈpruvɪŋ ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti əv ˈdɪfərənt ˈɛriəz əv hæv brɔt səm ˈɑrgjəmənts. səm taɪm əˈgoʊ wən əv ðə dɪˈvɛləpərz həz kənˈsɪdərd ˈwɛðər hi wʊd wɪθˈstænd ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈvaɪələns ɪf ən əˈtækər wʊd juz ɪt ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz. ə fju deɪz ˈleɪtər əˈnəðər dɪˈvɛləpər həz səˈʤɛstɪd ðət ən əˈtækər kʊd peɪ dɪˈvɛləpərz tɪ ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz ðə ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən. ɪz ðɪs ə ril θrɛt tɪ? ər wi ɔl dumd? ˌbiˈfɔr aɪ ˈænsər ðɪs kˈwɛʃən, lɛt mi meɪk ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt prɪˈzəmpʃən. ɪz ə ˈoʊpən sɔrs ˈprɑʤɛkt. ɛz səʧ, ɪt həz ˈsərtən ˌɪnˈhɛrənt ˈwiknəsɪz ənd ðɛr ɪz noʊ weɪ əraʊnd ðɛm wɪˈθaʊt ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ wət ˌfəndəˈmɛnəli ɪz. ðoʊz ˈwiknəsɪz ər ˈkɑmən tɪ ɔl ˈprɑʤɛkts əv ðə seɪm ˈneɪʧər. kʊd ˌɪnˈdid bi ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzd ɪf dɪˈvɛləpərz ər ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ðə θrɛt əv ˈvaɪələns tɪ ðɛmˈsɛlvz ər ðɛr ˈfæməliz. ɛz fər ˈməni, aɪ wɔnt tɪ ˌɪnˈsəlt ˈɛniˌwən ənd aɪ θɪŋk ɪt ˈrɪli ˈmætərz. ðə fækt ɪz, ɪz ˈvəlnərəbəl tɪ ˈɛni ˈædvərˌsɛri riˈsɔrsfəl ɪˈnəf, ənd ðɛr ər ˈsərtənli boʊθ ˈiziər ənd ˈʧipər weɪz ðən ðə tu ˈmɛnʃənd. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ðə ˈædvərˌsɛri kʊd gɪt ə nu dɪˈvɛləpər rɪˈkrutɪd, ər ˈsɪmpli trɪk wən əv ðə ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ dɪˈvɛləpərz ˈɪntu ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪzɪŋ ðə ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən. ɪt ʤɪst teɪks wən dɪˈvɛləpər aʊt əv 150 ɛz aɪ sɛd, ðɛr ɪz noʊ weɪ əraʊnd ðət wɪˈθaʊt ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈmeɪʤər ˈʧeɪnʤɪz tɪ ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənəl ˈstrəkʧər əv. ðoʊz ˈʧeɪnʤɪz wʊd ˈprɑbəˌbli du mɔr hɑrm tɪ ðən gʊd. wi kən ʤɪst ədˈmɪt ðət wi ˈfʊli prəˈtɛkt frəm ˈfoʊkɪst əˈtæk əv ə riˈsɔrsfəl ˈædvərˌsɛri, ənd ɔl wi kən du ɪz tɪ ˈlɪmət ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl ˈdæmɪʤ, dɪˈtɛkt ɪt kˈwɪkli ənd ˈkaʊntərˌækt ðə bɛst wi kən. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪn ˌriˈæləˌti ˈrændəm proʊbz ənd skrɪpt ˈkɪdi əˈtæks ðət ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ˈtrɪviəl ˈtɛknɪkəl ˌvəlnərəˈbɪlɪtiz ər mɔr ˈlaɪkli, ənd wət ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈɛfərts ɛnd əp ˈfoʊkɪsɪŋ ɔn. ɛz læst jɪr, ðɛr wɪl bi ə buθ əˈgɛn æt ðə ˈəpˌkəmɪŋ ənd ˈoʊpən sɔrs conference”*” ɪn st*. aʊguˈstin nɪr bɑn! ˈvɪzɪtərz kən mit dɪˈvɛləpərz tɪ æsk ˈɛni kˈwɛʃən, gɪt swag*, ənd priˈpɛr, kənˈfɪgjər, ənd kəmˈpaɪl ðɛr oʊn ˈbətənz. ðə ˈkɑnfərəns ɪz ənd əv ˈɔgəst 2018 ənd ðɛr ɪz noʊ ˈɛntri fi. si ju ðɛr! ðɪs kwɪk ˈɑrtɪkəl ɪz ə ræp əp fər ˈrɛfərəns ɔn haʊ tɪ kəˈnɛkt tɪ ˈjuzɪŋ spɑrk 2 wɪn ɔˌθɛntəˈkeɪʃən ənd ər ɛnˈfɔrst fər ðə klaɪənts ɔn ðə ˈsɪlə ˈkləstər. wi ɪnˈkaʊnərd ˈməltəpəl ˈprɑbləmz, ˈivɪn mɔr sɪns wi dɪˈstrɪbjut ɑr ˈwərˌkloʊd ˈjuzɪŋ ə jɑrn ˈkləstər soʊ ðət ɑr ˈwərkər noʊdz ʃʊd hæv ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðeɪ nid tɪ kəˈnɛkt ˈprɑpərli tɪ ˈsɪlə. wi faʊnd ˈvɛri ˈlɪtəl hɛlp ˈɔnˌlaɪn soʊ aɪ hoʊp ɪt wɪl sərv ˈɛniˌwən ˈfeɪsɪŋ ˈsɪmələr ˈɪʃuz ˈɔlsoʊ waɪ aɪ ðɛm hir). ðə ɔˌθɛntəˈkeɪʃən pɑrt ɪz ˈizi goʊɪŋ baɪ ˌɪtˈsɛlf ənd wɑz nɑt ðə sɔrs əv ɑr ˈprɑbləmz, ɔn ðə klaɪənt saɪd wɑz. ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt (py)spark*:: datastax:spark-cassandra-connector*: ˈpaɪθɑn: ˈʤɑvə:: ˈsaɪfər ˈsɛˌtəp ðə spɑrk kəˈsændrə ˈdraɪvər ˈjuzɪz dɪˈfɔlt ðə ˈsaɪfər ðət ðə dɪz nɑt səˈpɔrt baɪ dɪˈfɔlt. ðɪs ˈreɪzɪz ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈɛrər wɪn kəˈnɛktɪŋ tɪ ˈsɪlə: wɔrn channel.channelinitializer*: feɪld tɪ ˌɪˈnɪʃəˌlaɪz ə ˈʧænəl. ˈkloʊzɪŋ: [ˈaɪˈdi: java.lang.illegalargumentexception*: ˈkænɑt səˈpɔrt wɪθ ˈkərəntli ˌɪnˈstɔld prəˈvaɪdərz əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən wi hæv tu əˈveɪləbəl: wi kən gɪt gɪt rɪd əv ðə ˈɛrər baɪ loʊərɪŋ ðə ˈsaɪfər tɪ ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən: .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.enabledalgorithms*", "tls_rsa_with_aes_128_cbc_sha*")\ ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðɪs ɪz nɑt ˈrɪli ə gʊd səˈluʃən ənd ˌɪnˈstɛd bi ˌɪnˈklaɪnd tɪ juz ðə ˈvərʒən. fər ðɪs wi nid tɪ ˈfɑloʊ ðɪs prəˈsiʤər. ðɛn wi nid tɪ dɪˈplɔɪ ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti ʤɑrz ɔn ɑr ɔl klaɪənt noʊdz, ɪf ˈjuzɪŋ jɑrn laɪk ˈjuˈɛs ðɪs minz ðət ju hæv tɪ dɪˈplɔɪ ðiz ʤɑrz tɪ ɔl jʊr noʊdz. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl baɪ hænd: ənˈzɪp /opt/oracle-jdk-bin-1.8.0.144/jre/lib/security*/ ˈʤɑvə trəst stɔr wɪn kəˈnɛktɪŋ, ðə klaɪənts nid tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈvælədeɪt ðə ˈsɪlə ˈsiˈeɪ. ðɪs ɪz dən baɪ ˈsɛtɪŋ əp ə faɪl ənd prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ɪt tɪ ðə spɑrk kəˈnɛktər kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən (noʊt ðət ju prəˈtɛkt ðɪs faɪl wɪθ ə ˈpæsˌwərd). ˈvərsəz ɪn ˈhændˌʃeɪk ˈpərpəs əv ɪz tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ krəˈdɛnʃəlz ənd ˈpərpəs əv ɪz tɪ prəˈvaɪd krəˈdɛnʃəlz. ɪn ˈʤɑvə stɔrz ˈpraɪvət ki ənd sərˈtɪfɪkəts ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk kiz ənd ɪz rikˈwaɪərd ɪf ju ər ə ˈsərvər ər rikˈwaɪərz klaɪənt ɔˌθɛntəˈkeɪʃən. stɔrz sərˈtɪfɪkəts frəm θərd ˈpɑrtiz ər jʊr oʊn sərˈtɪfɪkəts, jʊr ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ ənd ˈvæləˌdeɪts ðɛm ˈjuzɪŋ ðɪs. ðə ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən həz tu ˈɔpʃənz tɪ ˈhændəl ənd. wɪn wi dɪd nɑt juz ðə ˈɔpʃən, wi wʊd gɪt səm əbˈskjʊr ˈɛrər wɪn kəˈnɛktɪŋ tɪ ˈsɪlə: com.datastax.driver.core.exceptions.transportexception*: ˈʧænəl həz bɪn kloʊzd wɪn ɪˈneɪbəlɪŋ diˈbəg ˈlɔgɪŋ, wi gɪt ə ˈklɪrər ˈɛrər wɪʧ ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd ə ˈfeɪljər ɪn ˈvæləˌdeɪtɪŋ ðə sərˈtɪfɪkət prəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ ðə ˈsɪlə ˈsərvər noʊd: kɔzd baɪ: sun.security.validator.validatorexception*: pæθ ˈbɪldɪŋ feɪld: sun.security.provider.certpath.suncertpathbuilderexception*: əˈneɪbəl tɪ faɪnd ˈvælɪd ˌsərtəfəˈkeɪʃən pæθ tɪ rɪkˈwɛstɪd ˈtərgət ˈsɛtɪŋ əp ðə ju nid tɪ hæv ðə ˈsiˈeɪ ˈpəblɪk sərˈtɪfɪkət faɪl, ðɛn ˈɪʃu ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ kəˈmænd: -faɪl ˈɛnər ˈpæsˌwərd: nu ˈpæsˌwərd: sərˈtɪfɪkət wɑz ˈædɪd tɪ ˈjuzɪŋ ðə naʊ ju nid tɪ kənˈfɪgjər spɑrk tɪ juz ðə laɪk ðɪs: .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.truststore.password*", "ˈpæsˌwərd")\ .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.truststore.path*", "company_truststore.jks*")\ spɑrk kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən ɪgˈzæmpəl ðɪs ræps əp ðə kəˈnɛkʃən kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən juzd fər spɑrk. ðɪs ɪgˈzæmpəl ˈjuzɪz ənd ridz ə ˈteɪbəl ɪn ˈsɪlə frəm ə jɑrn ˈkləstər: --ˈpækɪʤɪz --faɪlz spɑrk sparksession.builder.appname("scylla_app*")\ .config("spark.cassandra.auth.password*", "tɛst")\ .config("spark.cassandra.auth.username*", "tɛst")\ .config("spark.cassandra.connection.host*", .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.clientauth.enabled*", tru)\ .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.enabled*", tru)\ .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.truststore.password*", "ˈpæsˌwərd")\ .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.truststore.path*", "company_truststore.jks*")\ .config("spark.cassandra.input.split.size_in_mb*", 1 .config("spark.yarn.queue*", "scylla_queue").getorcreate*() spark.read.format("org.apache.spark.sql.cassandra").options(table="my_table*", keyspace="test").load*() df.show*() aɪ fɛlt laɪk ˈʃɛrɪŋ ə ˈrisənt ˈstɔri ðət əˈlaʊd ˈjuˈɛs aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ ə ɪn ə ˈheɪˌstæk θæŋks tɪ ˈsɪlə. ðə sɪˈnɛrioʊ waɪl ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ˈloʊdɪŋ əp 2b*+ əv roʊz ˈɪntu ˈsɪlə frəm haɪv (ˈjuzɪŋ spɑrk), wi ˈnoʊtɪst ə streɪnʤ bɪˈheɪvjər ɪn ðə pərˈfɔrmənsɪz əv wən əv ɑr noʊdz: soʊ wi ˈstɑrtɪd ˈwəndərɪŋ waɪ ðət ˈsərvər ɪn blu wɑz ˈhævɪŋ ðoʊz piks əv loʊd ənd wɑz ˈklɪrli daɪˈvərʤɪŋ frəm ðə tu others…*… ɛz wi ˈɑbviəsli ɪkˈspɛkt ðə θri noʊdz tɪ bɪˈheɪv ðə seɪm, ðɛr wər tu ˈɔpʃənz ɔn ðə ˈteɪbəl: ˈhɑrdˌwɛr ˈprɑbləm ɔn ðə noʊd bæd ˈdætə ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən (bæd ˈskimə dɪˈzaɪn? kənˈsɪstənt hæʃ ˈprɑbləm?) wi ʃɛrd ðɪs wɪθ ɑr pælz frəm ənd ˈstɑrtɪd ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ˈfaɪndɪŋ aʊt wət wɑz goʊɪŋ ɔn. ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈhɑrdˌwɛr? ˈhɑrdˌwɛr ˈprɑbləm wɑz ˈprɪti kˈwɪkli ɪˈvɪktɪd, ˈnəθɪŋ ʃoʊd əp ɔn ðə ˈmɑnətərɪŋ ənd ɔn ðə ˈkərnəl lɔgz. kjuz ənd θˈruˌpʊt wər gʊd: ˈdætə ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən? ˈɑvi cto*) kˈwɪkli gɑt ðə ˈfilɪŋ ðət ˈsəmθɪŋ wɑz rɔŋ wɪθ ðə ˈdætə ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən ənd ðət wi kʊd bi ˈfeɪsɪŋ ə ˈhɑtˌspɑt ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən. hi kˈwɪkli neɪld ɪt daʊn tɪ ʃɑrd 44 θæŋks tɪ ðə ˈplætˌfɔrm. ˈdætə ɪz dɪˈstrɪbjətəd bɪtˈwin ʃɑrdz ðət ər stɔrd ɔn noʊdz (kənˈsɪstənt hæʃ rɪŋ). ðɪs ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən ɪz dən baɪ ˈhæʃɪŋ ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki əv jʊr ˈdætə wɪʧ ˈdɪkˌteɪts ðə ʃɑrd ɪt bɪˈlɔŋz tɪ (ənd ðəs ðə node(s*) wɛr ðə ʃɑrd ɪz stɔrd). ɪf wən əv jʊr kiz ɪz ˈoʊvər ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ɪn jʊr ərˈɪʤənəl ˈdætə sɛt, ðɛn ðə ʃɑrd ɪt bɪˈlɔŋz tɪ kən bi ˈoʊvərli ˈpɑpjəˌleɪtəd ənd ðə rɪˈleɪtɪd noʊd ˈoʊvərˌloʊdɪd. ðɪs ɪz kɔld ə ˈhɑtˌspɑt ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən. ˈtreɪsɪŋ kˈwɪriz ðə fərst stɛp wɑz tɪ treɪs kˈwɪriz ɪn ˈsɪlə tɪ traɪ tɪ gɪt ˈdipər ˈɪntu ðə ˈhɑtˌspɑt æˈnælɪsɪs. soʊ wi ɪˈneɪbəld ˈtreɪsɪŋ ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈfɔrmjələ tɪ gɪt əˈbaʊt 1 treɪs pər ˈsɛkənd ɪn ðə namespace*. ˈtreɪsɪŋ ˌprɑbəˈbɪləˌti 1 ɪkˈspɛktɪd rɪkˈwɛsts pər ˈsɛkənd θˈruˌpʊt ɪn ɑr keɪs, wi wər duɪŋ bɪtˈwin ənd soʊ wi ˈsɛtəld fər tɪ bi seɪf ənd ɪˈneɪbəld ˈtreɪsɪŋ ɔn ɑr noʊdz laɪk ðɪs: tərnz aʊt ˈtreɪsɪŋ hɛlp ˈvɛri məʧ ɪn ɑr keɪs bɪˈkəz ðə ˈtreɪsɪz du nɑt ˌɪnˈklud ðə kˈwiri pərˈæmətərz ɪn ˈsɪlə ɪt ɪz bɪˈkəmɪŋ əˈveɪləbəl ɪn ðə sun tɪ bi riˈlist ˈvərʒən. noʊt: ˈtreɪsɪz ɪkˈspaɪr ɔn ðə ˈteɪbəlz, meɪk ʃʊr jʊr ˈtrəŋˌkeɪt ðə ɪˈvɛnts ənd ˈsɛʃənz ˈteɪbəlz waɪl. ɛls ju wɪl hæv tɪ weɪt fər ðə nɛkst 10 deɪz baɪ dɪˈfɔlt) ˌbiˈfɔr ðeɪ ər ˈæˌkʧuəli riˈmuvd. ɪf ju du nɑt du ðət ənd ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt ˈmɪljənz əv ˈtreɪsɪz laɪk wi dɪd, ðə ˈmɛnʃənd ˈteɪbəlz wɪl ˈlaɪkli taɪm aʊt bɪˈkəz əv ðə ““tombstoned”*” roʊz ˈivɪn ɪf ðɛr ɪz noʊ treɪs ˌɪnˈsaɪd ˈɛni mɔr. ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ˈglaʊbər ˈkɔstɑ wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ˈhɛlpɪŋ ɔn ðə keɪs ənd gɑt ˈjuˈɛs ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ðə əv ðə ˈteɪbəlz wi wər ˈpʊʃɪŋ ˈdætə tɪ. ðət pruvd tɪ bi ˈklɪrli ˈhaɪˌlaɪtɪŋ ə ˈhɑtˌspɑt ˈprɑbləm: ˈhɪstəˌgræmz pərˈsɛnˌtaɪl raɪt ˈleɪtənsi rɛd ˈleɪtənsi pɑrˈtɪʃən saɪz sɛl kaʊnt (ˈmaɪkroʊz) (ˈmaɪkroʊz) (baɪts) 50 258 2 75 535 5 95 1916 24 98 3311 50 99 5722 72 mɪn 104 0 mæks 14530764 182785 wət ðɪs ˈbeɪsɪkli minz ɪz ðət 99 pərˈsɛnˌtaɪl əv ɑr pɑrˈtɪʃənz ər smɔl 5kb*) waɪl ðə ˈbɪgəst ɪz 14mb*! ə juʤ ˈdɪfərəns ənd ˈklɪrli ʃoʊz ðət wi hæv ə ˈhɑtˌspɑt ɔn ə pɑrˈtɪʃən ˈsəmˌwɛr. soʊ naʊ wi noʊ fər ʃʊr ðət wi hæv ən ˈoʊvər ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ki ɪn ɑr ˈdætə sɛt, bət wət ki ɪz ɪt ənd waɪ? ðə ˈkəlprɪt soʊ wi lʊkt æt ðə əv ɑr ˈdætə sɛt kiz wɪʧ ər ˈhæʃəz ənd faʊnd aʊt ðət ˌɪnˈdid wi hæd wən wɪθ mɔr ðən əˈkərənsɪz waɪl ðə ˈsɛkənd haɪəst wən wɑz əraʊnd 100k!…*!… naʊ ðət wi hæd ðə meɪn ˈkəlprɪt hæʃ, wi tərnd tɪ ɑr ˈdætə ˈstrimɪŋ ˈpaɪˌplaɪn tɪ ˈfɪgjər aʊt wət kaɪnd əv ɪˈvɛnt wɑz ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪŋ ðə ˈdætə əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd tɪ ðə ˈgɪvɪn hash…*… ənd səˈpraɪz! ɪt wɑz ə kˈwɑləti əˈʃʊrəns ðət wɑz ˈkɑnstəntli ˈbraʊzɪŋ ðɛr oʊn ˈwɛbˌsaɪt wɪθ ləˈʤɪtəmət bɪˈheɪvjər ənd aɪˈdɛntəˌti krəˈdɛnʃəlz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd tɪ ɪt. soʊ wi ˈmɑdəˌfaɪd ɑr ˈpaɪˌplaɪn tɪ dɪˈtɛkt ðɪs ənd dɪˈskɑrd ɪts ɪˈvɛnts soʊ ðət ɪt stɑps pəˈlutɪŋ ɑr ˈdætəˌbeɪsɪz wɪθ feɪk ˈdætə. ðɛn wi klind əp ðə ˈmɪljən əv ɪˈvɛnts wərθ əv mɛs ənd ˈtreɪsɪz wi stɔrd əˈbaʊt ðə. ðə ˈæftərˌmæθ ˈfaɪnəli, wi klɪrd aʊt ðə ˈdætə ɪn ˈsɪlə ənd traɪd əˈgɛn frəm skræʧ. ˈnidləs tɪ seɪ ðət ðə kərvz gɑt weɪ ˈbɛtər ənd ər ɪgˈzæktli wət wi ʃʊd ɪkˈspɛkt frəm ə wɛl ˈbælənst ˈkləstər: θæŋks ə lɔt tɪ ðə tim fər ðɛr θəroʊ hɛlp ənd haɪ ˈspɪrɪtəd səˈpɔrt! kwoʊt ðɛm kənˈklud ðɪs kwɪk blɔg poʊst: tərnz aʊt aɪ ʃʊd rɛd θɪŋz laɪk ðə ˈwɪˌki ˈəpˈgreɪd gaɪd tɪ əˈvɔɪd ˈɪʃuz ˈæftər ˌɪnˈstɔlɪŋ tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs ðə (kwaɪt oʊld) aɪ dɪd ʧɛk bət fərˈgɑt tɪ ʧɛk fər kəmˈpaɪld ˈmɑʤulz ənd ˈsɛtɪŋ ðɛn ˈwəndərd waɪ aɪ ʤɪst gɑt ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈsərvər ˈɛrər ˈmɛsɪʤɪz.. θæŋks tɪ ðə tim fər ˈraɪtɪŋ ðɪs nis gaɪd tɪ riˈmaɪnd ˈpipəl laɪk mi əv wət tɪ du: ɛz ˈɔlˌweɪz ðə ˈwɪˌki ɪz ə greɪt sɔrs əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, ənd aɪ laɪk tɪ juz ɪt ɛz ə riˈmaɪndər əv ðə θɪŋz ˈnidɪd wɪn installing/upgrading*,.. ˈsɛvərəl nuz ˈaʊˌtlɛts ər rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈteɪˌkoʊvər əv ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən ðət wɑz əˈnaʊnst ˈrisəntli. təˈdeɪ 28 ʤun æt əˈprɑksəmətli ənˈnoʊn ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz hæv geɪnd kənˈtroʊl əv ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən, ənd ˈmɑdəˌfaɪd ðə ˈkɑntɛnt əv riˈpɑzəˌtɔriz ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈpeɪʤɪz ðɛr. wi ər stɪl ˈwərkɪŋ tɪ dɪˈtərmən ðə ɪgˈzækt ɪkˈstɛnt ənd kənˈtɪnju ˈrɛdɪŋ "maɪ ˈkɑmɛnts ɔn ðə hæk" wi bɪˈliv ðɪs ˈɪnsədənt ɪz naʊ riˈzɑlvd. pliz si ðə ˈɪnsədənt rɪˈpɔrt fər ˈditeɪlz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈɪnsədənt, ɪts ˌɪmˈpækt, ənd ˌrɛzəˈluʃən. ðə kəmˈjunɪti reɪzd kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈprɑvənəns əv ˈpækɪʤɪz. dɪˈvɛləpmənt ɪz pərˈfɔrmd ɔn ˈhɑrdˌwɛr rən baɪ ðə ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər tim (nɑt ðə ˈhɑrdˌwɛr wɑz ˌənəˈfɛktɪd baɪ ðɪs ˈɪnsədənt. ˈjuzərz ˈjuzɪŋ ðə dɪˈfɔlt ˈmɪrərɪŋ ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər ʃʊd nɑt bi əˈfɛktɪd. ɪf ju ər stɪl kənˈsərnd əˈbaʊt ˈprɑvənəns ər ər ənˈʃʊr wət səˈluʃən ju ər ˈjuzɪŋ, pliz kənˈsəlt https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/project:portage/repository_verification*. ðɪs wɪl ˌɪnˈstrəkt ju ɔn haʊ tɪ ˈvɛrəˌfaɪ jʊr riˈpɑzəˌtɔri. ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən rɪˈmeɪnz ˌtɛmpərˈɛrəli lɑkt daʊn baɪ səˈpɔrt, ˈpɛndɪŋ ˈfɪksɪz tɪ ˈkɑntɛnt. fər ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈstætəs, pliz si ðə ˈɪnsədənt peɪʤ. fər ˈleɪtər ˈfɑloʊˌəp, pliz si ðə ˈwɪˌki peɪʤ fər ən ˈɪnsədənt poʊstˈmɔrtɛm wɪl ˈfɑloʊ ɔn ðə ˈwɪˌki. ɪz ˈmɑnətərɪŋ ˈpækɪʤ riˈpɑzəˌtɔriz əˈkrɔs ˈlɪnəks ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃənz. baɪ naʊ, ˈætəm fidz əv ˈaʊtˌdeɪtɪd ˈpækɪʤɪz ðət aɪ wɑz ˈweɪtɪŋ fər hæv bɪn ˈɪmpləˌmɛnəd. soʊ aɪ səbˈskraɪbd tɪ maɪ oʊn fid ˈjuzɪŋ ənd naʊ ˈnoʊtəˌfaɪz mi ˈviə ˈiˌmeɪl əv nu ˈəpˈstrim rɪˈlisɪz ðət ˈəðər ˈlɪnəks hæv ˈpækɪʤd ðət aɪ stɪl nid tɪ bəmp ɪn. ɪn maɪ keɪs, ɪt brɔt ən ˈəpˌdeɪt əv tɪ maɪ əˈtɛnʃən ðət aɪ wʊd hæv mɪst (ər hərd əˈbaʊt ˈleɪtər), ˈəðərˌwaɪz. beɪst ɔn ðɪs ˈkɑmɛnt, meɪ sun du riˈlis dɪˈtɛkʃən ˈəpˈstrim ˈsɪmələr tɪ wət dɪz, ɛz wɛl. sɪns aɪ doʊnt raɪt ˈɛniˌθɪŋ hir fər ˈɔlˌmoʊst 2 jɪrz, aɪ θɪŋk ɪt ɪz taɪm fər səm ʃɔrt ˈəpˌdeɪts: aɪ lɛft ənd muvd tɪ bərˈlɪn, ˈʤərməni, ɪn mɑrʧ 2017 ðə ˈsɪriz əv poʊsts əˈbaʊt wɑz stɑpt. ðə fərst poʊst gɑt ə lɔt əv ˈhækər nuz əˈtɛnʃən, ənd aɪ wɪl kəm bæk wɪθ ɪt ɛz sun ɛz aɪ kən ˈɪmpləmənt ðə rikˈwaɪərd ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪn ðə ˈfreɪmˌwərk. nɑt goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈhæpən ˈvɛri sun, ðoʊ. aɪv bɪn ˈspɛndɪŋ moʊst əv maɪ fri taɪm wɪθ flaɪt ˌsɪmjəˈleɪʃən. ju kən ɪkˈspɛkt ə fju rɪˈleɪtɪd poʊsts sun. aɪ lɛft ðə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ðɪs jɪr. ɪz ðə ˈoʊnli ˈprɑʤɛkt ðət ɪz ˈkərəntli ˈgɪtɪŋ səm ˈfrikˌwɛnt əˈtɛnʃən frəm mi, ɛz aɪ juz ɪt fər moʊst əv maɪ ˈwɛbˌsaɪts. ʧɛk ɪt aʊt! ðæts ɔl fər naʊ. ɪn ˈpaɪθɑn prəˈvaɪdz ən ɪˈvɛnt lup ˈpɑləsi ˈviə ə klæs. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ə ˈlɪtəl ˈproʊˌgræm ðət ˈjuzɪz tɪ du ðə seɪm θɪŋ ɛz ˈimərʤ --ˈrɛgən, ˈjuzɪŋ ən ˈfəŋkʃən tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt ðə --ʤɑbz ənd ˈɔpʃənz: ˈpaɪθɑn frəm __fˈjuʧər__ ˌɪmˈpɔrt ˌɪmˈpɔrt ˌɪmˈpɔrt ˌɪmˈpɔrt ˌɪmˈpɔrt ˈɑpərˌeɪtər ˌɪmˈpɔrt ˈpɔrtɪʤ frəm ˌɪmˈpɔrt , frəm ˌɪmˈpɔrt , handle_result(cpv*, fˈjuʧər): dict(zip(portage.auxdbkeys*, future.result*())) print(cpv*) fər keɪ, vi ɪn sorted(metadata.items*(), ɪf vi: print('\t*{}: {}'.format(k*, vi)) prɪnt() future_generator(repo_location*, loop=none*): fər ɪn portdb.cp_all(trees=[repo_location*]): fər ɪn portdb.cp_list(cp*, mytree=repo_location*): fˈjuʧər portdb.async_aux_get*(, portage.auxdbkeys*, mytree=repo_location*, loop=loop*, future.add_done_callback*( functools.partial(handle_result*,)) jild fˈjuʧər meɪn(): ˈpɑrsər argparse.argumentparser*() parser.add_argument*( '--ˈripoʊ', action='store*', default='gentoo*', parser.add_argument*( '--ʤɑbz', action='store*', type=int*, default=multiprocessing.cpu_count*(), parser.add_argument*( '--load-average*', action='store*', type=float*, default=multiprocessing.cpu_count*(), parser.parse_args*() traɪ: portage.settings.repositories*.\ get_location_for_name(args.repo*) ɪkˈsɛpt keyerror*: ˈripoʊ: əˈveɪləbəl ˈriˌpoʊz: format(args.repo*, '.join(sorted*( fər ˈripoʊ ɪn portage.settings.repositories*)))) ˈpɑləsi () lup policy.get_event_loop*() traɪ: fər ɪn( future_generator(repo_location*, loop=loop*), max_jobs=args.jobs*, max_load=args.load_average*, loop=loop*): loop.run_until_complete(future_done_set*) ˈfaɪnəli: loop.close*() ɪf __neɪm__ '__meɪn__': meɪn() əˈnəðər lɔŋ əˈweɪtɪd riˈlis həz kəm tru θæŋks tɪ ɑr kəmˈjunɪti! ðə ɪz soʊ juʤ ðət aɪ hæd tɪ ˈoʊpən ən ˈɪʃu ənd kraɪ fər hɛlp tɪ meɪk ɪt happen…*… θæŋks əˈgɛn @ˈleɪzərz fər ˈstɛpɪŋ əp wəns əˈgɛn ˈhaɪˌlaɪts səˈpɔrt (-ʤi ˈɔpʃən) tɪ swɪʧ frəm θrɛdz ˈskɛʤʊlɪŋ tɪ ənd rɪˈdus ˈrisɔrsɪz kənˈsəmʃən (-ʤi ˈɔpʃən) tɪ swɪʧ frəm θrɛdz ˈskɛʤʊlɪŋ tɪ ənd rɪˈdus ˈrisɔrsɪz kənˈsəmʃən ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ˈvɛriəbəlz səˈpɔrt ɪn tɪ riˈmuv ˈsɛnsəbəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən frəm jʊr ɪn tɪ riˈmuv ˈsɛnsəbəl ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən frəm jʊr ˈmɑʤulz kən naʊ ˈlɛvərɪʤ ə pərˈsɪstənt ˈdætə stɔr ˈhənərdz əv ˌɪmˈpruvmənts fər ˈvɛriəs ˈmɑʤulz fər ˈvɛriəs ˈmɑʤulz wi naʊ hæv ən əˈfɪʃəl ˈpækɪʤ wi riʧt 500 stɑrz ɔn #ˈvænɪti ˈmaɪlˌstoʊn traɪ tɪ riˈlis ə ˈvərʒən ˈfæstər ðən ˈɛvəri 4 mənθs (j/k*) ðə nɛkst riˈlis wɪl ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn bəgz ənd ˈmɑʤulz ˌɪmˈpruvmənts stændərdɪˈzeɪʃən. θæŋks kənˈtrɪbjətərz! ðɪs riˈlis ɪz ðɛr wərk, θæŋks ə lɔt gaɪz! ˈæləks ˈdænjəl ˈfɔrstər ˈdænjəl ˈʃeɪfər ˌɪˈgɔr ʤeɪmz ˈkərtɪs ˈleɪzərz ˈmæksəm bæz ˈrɑbərt ˈriʧi θæŋks tɪ ðə ˌɛnˈlaɪtənmənt fər ˈfɪksɪŋ ðɪs noʊ lɑk skrin səks :di ˈɔlsoʊ ɪt ɪz ɪn maɪ dɛv ˈoʊvərˌleɪ ɛz əv naʊ. soʊ ə waɪl əˈgoʊ aɪ klind aʊt maɪ dɛv ˈoʊvərˌleɪ ənd ˈædɪd ənd (ənd wərks fər mi æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt (ɪkˈsɛpt ðə skrin (un-)lock*) bət nɑt ʃʊr ɪf ðət həz tɪ du wɪθ maɪ bɑks. ˈɛni ˈtɛstərz ˈwɛlkəm hɪrz ðə lɪŋk: https://gitweb.gentoo.org/dev/lordvan.git*/ oʊ ənd aɪ ˈædɪd ɪt tɪ ˈleɪmənz ˈripoʊ lɪst əˈgɛn, soʊ ˈjuzərz kən ˈizəli ʤɪst ˈleɪmən -ə tɪ tɛst ɪt. ɔn ə saɪd noʊt: geɪv mi ˈtrəbəl wɪθ ə skrin pləgd ɪn, wɪʧ simz fɪkst ɪn bət ðət həz (pæm rɪˈleɪtɪd) ˈprɑbləmz wɪθ ðə lɑk skrin ˈprɑbəˌbli nɑt nu bət wɑz nu tɪ mi: ʤɪst ræn ˈɪntu ðɪs ˈlɛri ðə kaʊ ˌtæˈtu ˈɔnˌlaɪn: http://www.geekytattoos.com/larry-the-gender-challenged-cow*/ ʤɪst ə kwɪk poʊst əˈbaʊt haʊ tɪ rən (kɔr ɪˈdɪʃən ɪn maɪ keɪs) wɪθ ɔn. fərst ɔf aɪ goʊ wɪθ ðə əˈsəmpʃən ðət ɪz ˈwərkɪŋ (ˈkərnəl,,..) ɪz ˌɪnˈstɔld skrɪpts) brɪʤ ˈnɛtˌwərkɪŋ ɪz sɛt əp ənd ˈwərkɪŋ ɪf ˈɛni əv ðə əˈbəv ər nɑt jɛt sɛt əp: fərst ˈdaʊnˌloʊd ðə ˈɪmɪʤ frəm https://www.univention.de/download*/ ˈfərðər fər ðə neɪm aɪ juz nɛkst wi ˈkɑnvərt ðə ˈɪmɪʤ tɪ ˈkɑnvərt -ɛf -oʊ kriˈeɪt jʊr skrɪpt lɪŋk: ˈsiˈdi /etc/init.d*; leɪn -ɛs ðɛn ɪn ˈkɑpi tɪ ʧɛk ʧeɪnʤ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ: ʧeɪnʤ ðə (ɪt ˌɪnˈkludz ə kəˈmænd laɪn tɪ ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt wən) ðə ˈrizən ðɪs ɪz fərst ɪz, ðət ɪf ju fərˈgɛt ju maɪt spɛnd aʊərz laɪk mi traɪɪŋ tɪ faɪnd aʊt waɪ jʊr ˈnɛtˌwərk ɪz nɑt ˈwərkɪŋ pɔɪnt diskimage*= tɪ jʊr faɪl (bɪˈliv mi ˌdɪˈseɪblɪŋ ɪz ˈnoʊtəsəbəl) əˈʤəst ˈmɛməri (aɪ sɛt ɪt tɪ fər ðə ˌdiˈsi) ənd (aɪ sɛt ðət tɪ 2 foreground="vnc=:<port*>" soʊ ju kən kəˈnɛkt tɪ jʊr ˈkɑnsoʊl ˈjuzɪŋ ʧɛk ðə ˈəðər stəf ɪf ɪt əˈplaɪz tɪ ju ɪz kwaɪt ˈjusfəl fər ɪgˈzæmpəl tɪ ˈɔlsoʊ æd ə ˌɛmjəˈleɪʃən əv ə ˈrɛskju dɪsk,.. rən ɪt wɪθ stɑrt kəˈnɛkt wɪθ jʊr ˈfeɪvərɪt klaɪənt ənd sɛt əp jʊr ˈsərvər. wən θɪŋ aɪ dɪd ɔn ðə ˈɪnstəns (aɪ rən 3 æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt ˌdiˈsi, ənd faɪl ˈsərvər): aɪ kriˈeɪtɪd ə ˈvɑljum fər ðə faɪl ʃɛr ɔn ðə hoʊst, ənd mæpt ɪt tɪ ðə hɪrz ðə laɪn: ˈvɑljum devide>,if=virtio,aio=native,cache.direct=on*" wərks greɪt fər mi, ənd aɪ wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ æd əˈnəðər wən fər ˈəðər ʃɛrz ˈleɪtər aɪ θɪŋk. bət ðɪs weɪ ɪf aɪ ˈrɪli hæv ˈɛni ˈprɑbləmz maɪ faɪlz ər ʤɪst ɔn ðə dɪˈvaɪs ənd aɪ kən gɪt tɪ ɪt ˈizəli (ˈɔlsoʊ ðɛr ər sˈnæpˌʃɑts,.. ðət kʊd bi ˈjusfəl ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli) bɪˈkəz aɪ kip fərˈgɛtɪŋ stəf aɪ nid tɪ du (ər ðə ˈɔrdər) hir ə ˈvɛri kwɪk ˈoʊvərvˌju: ˌɪnˈstɔl, ˈmɑʤulz (ɔn æd ðə ˈoʊvərˌleɪ ənd ʤɪst ˈimərʤ) ɪf ju doʊnt juz kriˈeɪt ə ˈjuzər (ənd ˈdætəˌbeɪs) fər. skrɪpts juz (hɪrz maɪn): loʊˈkeɪʃən əv ðə kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən faɪl loʊˈkeɪʃən əv ðə ˈlɔgɪŋ kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən faɪl ðə ˈdætəˌbeɪs neɪmz tɪ loʊd (speɪs ˈsɛpərˌeɪtɪd) sɪns ɪt tʊk mi ə waɪl tɪ faɪnd ə ˈwərkɪŋ ɪgˈzæmpəl hɪrz maɪ ˈwərkɪŋ wən: [formatters*] [ˈhændələrz] [ˈlɑgərz] [formatter_simple*] format=%(asctime)s*] %bi %di %waɪ [handler_rotate*] args=('/var/log/trytond/trytond.log*', 'di', 1 120 [handler_console*] args=(sys.stdout*,) [logger_root*] (nɑt goʊɪŋ ˈɪntu ˈditeɪlz hir, ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ noʊ mɔr ðɛr ər ˈplɛnti əv ˈrisɔrsɪz ˈɔnˌlaɪn) ɛz fər aɪ wɛnt ənd gɑt ən ɪgˈzæmpəl ˈɔnˌlaɪn (frəm ˈoʊpən suse*) ənd ˈmɑdəˌfaɪd ɪt: kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən faɪl fər ˈsərvər (trytond*) ðɪs faɪl kənˈteɪnz ðə moʊst ˈkɑmən ˈsɛtɪŋz fər (dɪˈfɔlts ər ˈkɑmɛntəd). fər mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən rɛd /usr/share/doc/trytond-<version*>/ [ˈdætəˌbeɪs] ˈdætəˌbeɪs rɪˈleɪtɪd ˈsɛtɪŋz ðə ˈjəri tɪ kəˈnɛkt tɪ ðə ˈdætəˌbeɪs (ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈjəri database://username:password@host:port*/ (ˌɪnˈtərnəl dɪˈfɔlt::// (i.e*. ə ˈloʊkəl ˈdætəˌbeɪs)) ˈviə ˈjunɪks doʊˈmeɪn ˈsɑkəts (e.g*. ˈdætəˌbeɪs ˈrənɪŋ ɔn ðə seɪm məˈʃin (localhost*)) #ˈjəri postgresql://tryton:tryton*@/ #dɪˈfɔlt ˈsɛtɪŋ fər ə ˈloʊkəl ˈdætəˌbeɪs #ˈjəri :/// ˈviə (e.g*. kəˈnɛktɪŋ tɪ ə ˈdætəˌbeɪs ˈrənɪŋ ɔn ə rɪˈmoʊt məˈʃin ər baɪ minz əv ɔˌθɛntəˈkeɪʃən. nidz tɪ bi kənˈfɪgjərd tɪ əkˈsɛpt ðoʊz kəˈnɛkʃənz (pg_hba.conf*).) #ˈjəri ˈjəri ðə pæθ tɪ ðə dɪˈrɛktəri wɛr ðə ˈsərvər stɔrz faɪlz. ðə ˈsərvər məst hæv raɪt pərˈmɪʃənz tɪ ðɪs dɪˈrɛktəri. (ˌɪnˈtərnəl dɪˈfɔlt: /var/lib/trytond*) pæθ ʃæl əˈveɪləbəl ˈdætəˌbeɪsɪz bi ˈlɪstɪd ɪn ðə klaɪənt? #lɪst tru ðə ˈnəmbər əv əv ðə ˈsərvər wɪn ðɛr ər ˈɛrərz ɪn ə rɪkˈwɛst tɪ ðə ˈdætəˌbeɪs #riˈtraɪ 5 ðə ˈpraɪˌmɛri ˈlæŋgwɪʤ, ðət ɪz juzd tɪ stɔr ˈɛntriz ɪn fildz ˈɪntu ðə ˈdætəˌbeɪs. #ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ˈlæŋgwɪʤ [ssl*] ˈsɛtɪŋz ˌæktəˈveɪʃən əv fər ɔl əˈveɪləbəl ˈproʊtəˌkɔlz. ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈsɛtɪŋz fər ki ənd sərˈtɪfɪkət tɪ ɪˈneɪbəl. ðə pæθ tɪ ðə ˈpraɪvət ki ðə pæθ tɪ ðə sərˈtɪfɪkət #sərˈtɪfɪkət [jsonrpc*] ˈsɛtɪŋz fər ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈɪnərˌfeɪs ðə ənd pɔrt ˈnəmbər əv ðə ˈɪnərˌfeɪs (ˌɪnˈtərnəl dɪˈfɔlt: ˈlɪsən ɔn ɔl ˈɪnərˌfeɪsɪz ˈlɪsən ˈlɪsən ɔn ɔl ˈɪnərˌfeɪsɪz ənd #ˈlɪsən 8000 ðə fər ðɪs ˈɪnərˌfeɪs ðə rut pæθ tɪ rɪˈtriv ˈdætə fər gɪt rɪkˈwɛsts #ˈdætə [xmlrpc*] ˈsɛtɪŋz fər ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈɪnərˌfeɪs ðə ənd pɔrt ˈnəmbər əv ðə ˈɪnərˌfeɪs #ˈlɪsən [webdav*] ˈsɛtɪŋz fər ðə ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈɪnərˌfeɪs ðə ənd pɔrt ˈnəmbər əv ðə ˈɪnərˌfeɪs #ˈlɪsən ˈlɪsən [ˈsɛʃən] ˈsɛʃən ˈsɛtɪŋz ðə taɪm (ɪn ˈsɛkəndz) ənˈtɪl ən ˌɪˈnæktɪv ˈsɛʃən ɪkˈspaɪərz ˈtaɪˌmaʊt 3600 ðə ˈsərvər ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ˈpæsˌwərd juzd baɪ ðə klaɪənt fər ðə ˌɛksəˈkjuʃən əv ˈdætəˌbeɪs ˈmænɪʤmənt tæsks. ɪt ɪz ɪnˈkrɪptɪd ˈjuzɪŋ ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈjunɪks ruˈtin. ə ˈpæsˌwərd kən bi ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪd ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ kəˈmænd laɪn (ɔn wən laɪn): ˈpaɪθɑn -si 'ˌɪmˈpɔrt getpass,crypt,random,string*; prɪnt crypt.crypt(getpass.getpass*(), string.digits*, 8 ɪgˈzæmpəl ˈpæsˌwərd wɪθ 'ˈædmɪn' <jʊr pwd*> [iˈmeɪl] meɪl ˈsɛtɪŋz ðə ˈjəri tɪ kəˈnɛkt tɪ ðə ˈsərvər. əˈveɪləbəl ˈproʊtəˌkɔlz ər: : ˈsɪmpəl smtp+tls*: wɪθ smtps*: wɪθ #ˈjəri ˈjəri ðə frəm ˈæˌdrɛs juzd baɪ ðə ˈsərvər tɪ sɛnd iˈmeɪlz. frəm tryton@<your-domain.tld*> [rɪˈpɔrt] rɪˈpɔrt ˈsɛtɪŋz pərˈæmətərz fər kəˈnɛkʃən tɪ ðə ˈsərvɪs. ˈmɑʤul ˈsɛtɪŋz səm ˈmɑʤulz ər ˈrɛdɪŋ kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən pərˈæmətərz frəm ðɪs kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən faɪl. ðiz ˈsɛtɪŋz ˈoʊnli əˈplaɪ wɪn ðoʊz ˈmɑʤulz ər ˌɪnˈstɔld. #[ldap_authentication*] ðə ˈjəri tɪ kəˈnɛkt tɪ ðə ˈsərvər. #ˈjəri ə ˈbeɪsɪk dɪˈfɔlt kʊd lʊk laɪk #ˈjəri [wɛb] pæθ fər ðə #rut ˈlɪsən rut sɛt əp ðə ˈdætəˌbeɪs ˈteɪbəlz, ˈmɑʤulz, -si -di --ɔl ʃʊd ju fərˈgɛt tɪ sɛt jʊr ˈpæsˌwərd (ər nid tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ɪt ˈleɪtər): -si -di -pi ɪts naʊ taɪm tɪ kəˈnɛkt ə klaɪənt tɪ ɪt ənd ɪˈneɪbəl kənˈfɪgjər ðə ˈmɑʤulz (meɪk ʃʊr tɪ ˈfɪnɪʃ ðə ˈbeɪsɪk kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən (ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ əˈkaʊnts,..) ˈəðərˌwaɪz ju hæv tɪ ˈiðər riˈstɑrt, ər noʊ wət ɪgˈzæktli nidz tɪ bi sɛt əp əˈkaʊnɪŋ waɪz kənˈfɪgjər user(s*) ɪˈneɪbəl ənd ˈsɛˌtəp teɪk ə waɪl) sɛt əp ˈkəmpəˌni kriˈeɪt ə ˈpɑrti fər ɪt əˈsaɪn ˈkərənsi ənd sɛt əp ʧɑrt əv əˈkaʊnts frəm ðə ˈtɛmplət (ˈoʊnli du ðɪs ˈmænjuəli ɪf ju ˈrɪli noʊ wət ju ənd nidz ʧuz ˈkəmpəˌni pɪk ðə ˈtɛmplət (e.g*. kontenplan*" (ɪf ˈjuzɪŋ ˈʤərmən) sɛt ðə dɪˈfɔlts (ˈoʊnli wən pər ˈɔpʃən ˈjuʒəwəli) ˈæftər əˈplaɪɪŋ ðə əˈbəv ˈæktəˌveɪt ənd kənˈfɪgjər ˌwəˈtɛvər ɛls ju nid (seɪl, timesheet*, ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ju kən wɔʧ tɪ si wət ˈhæpənz bɪˈhaɪnd ðə sinz (e.g*. ˈkəntri ˈmɑʤul teɪks ə waɪl,..) haʊ tɪ æd ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz: ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ˌloʊkələˈzeɪʃən ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz æd ðə ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ənd sɛt ɪt tɪ ˈæktɪv ənd ɪf ju ˌɪnˈstɔl nu ˈmɑʤulz ər ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz rən --ɔl əˈgɛn (si əˈbəv) ɪn maɪ ˈpriviəs blɔg poʊst, aɪ ʃɛrd 7 ˈlɛsənz ɔn ɑr ɪkˈspɪriəns ɪn ɪˈvæljuˌeɪtɪŋ ˈsɪlə fər pərˈdəkʃən. ðoʊz ˈlɛsənz wər ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ðə ˈsɛˌtəp ənd ˌɛksəˈkjuʃən əv ðə ənd aɪ ˈprɑməst ə mɔr ˈtɛknɪkəl blɔg poʊst wɪθ ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈditeɪlz ənd ˈlɛsənz ˈlərnɪd frəm ðə, hir ɪt ɪz! ˌbiˈfɔr ju rɛd ɔn, bi ˈmaɪndfəl ðət ɑr wɑz sɛt əp tɪ tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊdz ənd ˈwərkˌfloʊz, nɑt tɪ ˈbɛnʧˌmɑrk tɛkˈnɑləʤiz. soʊ ˈivɪn ɪf ðə ˈsɪlə ˈfɪgjərz ər greɪt, ðeɪ hæv nɑt bɪn ðə meɪn ˈdraɪvərz əv ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈkluʒən əv ðə. ˈbɪznɪs ˈkɑntɛkst ɛz ə ˈdætə ˈdrɪvən ˈkəmpəˌni ˈwərkɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ənd ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ ˈɪndəstri, wi hɛlp ɑr klaɪənts meɪk sɛns əv ˈməltəpəl ˈsɔrsəz əv ˈdætə tɪ bɪld ənd ˌɪmˈpruv ðɛr riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ðɛr ˈkəstəmərz ənd ˈprɑspɛkts. ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ˈməltəpəl ˈsɔrsəz əv ˈdætə ɪz ˈnəθɪŋ nu bət ðɛr ˈvɑljum həz drəˈmætɪkəli ʧeɪnʤd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə pæst ˈdɛkeɪd. aɪ wɪl spɛr ju wɪθ ðə tərm ənd ðə ˈtɛknɪkəl ˈʧælənʤɪz ðət kəmz wɪθ ɪt ɛz ju ɔˈrɛdi hərd ɪˈnəf əv ɪt. stɪl, ɪt ɪz klɪr ðət ɑr laɪn əv ˈbɪznɪs ɪz taɪd tɪ ɑr kəˈpæsɪti æt ˈmɪksɪŋ ənd ˈkɔrəleɪtɪŋ ə ˈmæsɪv əˈmaʊnt əv ˈdɪfərənt taɪps əv ɪˈvɛnts (ˈdætə sources/types*) ˈkəmɪŋ frəm ˈvɛriəs ˈsɔrsəz wɪʧ ɔl hæv ðɛr oʊn (θɪŋk ˈpraɪˌmɛri kiz): wɛb ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən ˈtrækɪŋ: aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪər ɪz ə ˈkʊki taɪd tɪ ðə ˈtrækɪŋ doʊˈmeɪn (wi hæv ɑr oʊn) ˈdætəˌbeɪsɪz: ˈjuʒəwəli ðə iˈmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs ər ən ˌɪnˈtərnəl əˈkaʊnt ˈaɪˈdi sərv ɛz ən aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪər partners’*’ ˈdɪʤɪtəl ˈplætˌfɔrm: aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪər ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ə ˈkʊki taɪd tɪ ðɛr ˈtrækɪŋ doʊˈmeɪn tɪ traɪ tɪ meɪk θɪŋz ˈsɪmpəl, teɪk ə ˈkɑnkrit ɪgˈzæmpəl: ju wərk fər ˈjunəˌsɛf ənd wɔnt tɪ ˈɑptɪˌmaɪz ðɛr ˈbænər ædz ˈbəʤɪt baɪ ˈtɑrgətɪŋ ðə ˈdoʊnərz əv ðɛr læst ˈfənˌdreɪsɪŋ kæmˈpeɪn. jʊr ˈrɛfərəns ˈjuzər ˈdætəˌbeɪs ɪz kəmˈpoʊzd əv ðə ˈdoʊnərz hu ˈrɛʤɪstərd wɪθ ðɛr iˈmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs ɔn ðə læst kæmˈpeɪn: meɪn aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪər ɪz ðə iˈmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs. tɪ baɪ wɛb dɪˈspleɪ ædz, ju juz ən æd ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ ˈpɑrtnər səʧ ɛz ər (ˈgugəl). frəm ðɛr pɔɪnt əv vju, ˈjuzərz ər sin ɛz ˈkʊki ˈaɪˈdiz wɪʧ ər taɪd tɪ ðɛr oʊn doʊˈmeɪn. soʊ ju ˈbeɪsɪkli nid tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ trænzˈleɪt ən iˈmeɪl ˈæˌdrɛs tɪ ə ˈkʊki ˈaɪˈdi fər ˈɛvəri ˈpɑrtnər ju wərk wɪθ. juz keɪs: ˈaɪˈdi ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈteɪbəlz wi ˈɔpərˌeɪt ənd meɪnˈteɪn juʤ ˈaɪˈdi ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈteɪbəlz fər ˈɛvəri ˈpɑrtnər ənd ə greɪt dil əv ɑr taɪm ɪz spɛnt ˈtrænsˌleɪtɪŋ ðoʊz ˈaɪˈdiz frəm wən tɪ əˈnəðər. ɪn tərmz, wi ər ˈbeɪsɪkli duɪŋ ʤɔɪnz bɪtˈwin ə ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt ənd ðoʊz ˈaɪˈdi ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈteɪbəlz. ju səˈlɛkt jʊr ˈrɛfərəns ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ju ʤɔɪn ɪt wɪθ ðə ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋ ˈaɪˈdi ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈteɪbəl ju gɪt ə mæʧt ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ðət jʊr ˈpɑrtnər kən ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪz ənd ˌɪnərˈækt wɪθ ðoʊz ˈaɪˈdi ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈteɪbəlz hæv ə ˈprɪti haɪ rɛd ənd raɪt θˈruˌpʊt bɪˈkəz ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ənd kˈwɪrid ɔl ðə taɪm. ˈjuʒəwəl ˈfɪgjərz ər ʤɔɪnz bɪtˈwin ə 10 ˈmɪljən ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt ənd ˈbɪljən ˈaɪˈdi ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈteɪbəlz. ðə ˈrɛfərəns kˈwiri ˈbeɪsɪkli lʊks laɪk ðɪs: səˈlɛkt count(m.partnerid*) frəm ɛz pi ʤɔɪn ɛz ɛm ɔn ˈkɑrənt wi ˈɔpərˌeɪt ə ˈlæmdə ˈɑrkəˌtɛkʧər wɛr wi ˈhændəl ril taɪm ˈaɪˈdi ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈjuzɪŋ ənd bæʧ wənz ˈjuzɪŋ haɪv (əˈpæʧi). ðə fərst ˈdaʊnˌsaɪd tɪ noʊt ɪz ðət ɪt rikˈwaɪərz ˈjuˈɛs tɪ meɪnˈteɪn tu ˈkɑpiz əv ˈɛvəri ˈaɪˈdi ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈteɪbəl. wi ˈɔlsoʊ ʧuz wən ˈoʊvər ðə ˈəðər bɪˈkəz ˈniðər nɔr haɪv kən səˈsteɪn boʊθ ðə ˈreɪʃiˌoʊ waɪl pərˈfɔrmɪŋ wɪˈθɪn ðə loʊ ðət wi nid. ðɪs ɪz ən ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənəl ˈbərdən ənd rikˈwaɪərz kwaɪt ə bənʧ əv ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrɪŋ tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ˈdætə kənˈsɪstənsi bɪtˈwin ˈdɪfərənt ˈdætə stɔrz. pərˈdəkʃən ˈhɑrdˌwɛr ˈoʊvərvˌju: ɪz ˈrənɪŋ ɔn ə 15 noʊdz 5 ʃɑrdz) ˈkləstər ræm, 2 ˈsɑkəts, sæs ˈspɪnɪŋ dɪsks, duəl nɪk haɪv ɪz ˈrənɪŋ ɔn 50 jɑrn ˈɪnstənsɪz ræm, 2 ˈsɑkəts, sæs ˈspɪnɪŋ dɪsks, duəl nɪk ˈtərgət ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən ðə ki kˈwɛʃən ɪz ˈsɪmpəl: ɪz ðɛr ə tɛkˈnɑləʤi aʊt ðɛr ðət kən səˈsteɪn ɑr ˈaɪˈdi ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈteɪbəlz ˈwərˌkloʊdz waɪl meɪnˈteɪnɪŋ kənˈsɪstəntli loʊ ənd? ˈhævɪŋ wən tɛkˈnɑləʤi tɪ ˈhændəl boʊθ juz ˈkeɪsɪz wʊd əˈlaʊ: ˈsɪmpələr ˈdætə kənˈsɪstənsi ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənəl sɪmˈplɪsɪti ənd ɪˈfɪʃənsi rɪˈdust kɔsts ˈhɑrdˌwɛr ˈoʊvərvˌju: soʊ wi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ faɪnd aʊt ɪf ˈsɪlə kʊd bi ðət tɛkˈnɑləʤi. fər ðɪs, wi juzd θri dikəˈmɪʃənd məˈʃinz ðət wi hæd ɪn ðə ˈbeɪsmənt əv ɑr ˈpɛrɪs ˈɔfəs. 2 dɛl ræm, 2 ˈsɑkət 8 kɔrz, sæs ˈspɪnɪŋ dɪsks, nɪk 1 dɛl ræm, 2 ˈsɑkət 4 kɔrz, sæs ˈspɪnɪŋ dɪsks, nɪk aɪ noʊ, ðiz ər nɑt ˈglæmərəs məˈʃinz ənd ðeɪ ər ˈivɪn ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt ɪn spɛks, bət wi stɪl sɛt əp ə 3 noʊd ˈsɪlə ˈkləstər ˈrənɪŋ ˈlɪnəks wɪθ ðɛm. ɑr teɪk? ɪf ðoʊz θri ˈlaʊzi məˈʃinz kən ˈʧælənʤ ər bit ðə pərˈdəkʃən məˈʃinz ɔn ɑr ˈkɑrənt ˈwərˌkloʊdz, ðɛn ˈsɪlə kən ˈsɪriəsli bi kənˈsɪdərd fər pərˈdəkʃən. stɛp 1 ˈvælədeɪt ə ˈskimə ˈmɑdəl wəns ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt wɑz kəmˈplit ənd ðə tim ˌəndərˈstʊd wət wi wər traɪɪŋ tɪ du, wi ˈstɑrtɪd ɔn ðə ˈskimə ˈmɑdəl ˈjuzɪŋ ə kˈwiri beɪst ˈmɑdəlɪŋ ˈstrætəʤi. soʊ wi roʊt daʊn ənd ˈreɪtɪd ðə kˈwɛsʧənz ðət ɑr model(s*) ʃʊd ˈænsər tɪ, ðeɪ ˌɪnˈkludɪd stəf laɪk: wət ər ɔl ɑr ˈkʊki ˈaɪˈdiz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd tɪ ðə ˈgɪvɪn ˈpɑrtnər ˈaɪˈdi wət ər ɔl ðə ˈkʊki ˈaɪˈdiz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd tɪ ðə ˈgɪvɪn ˈpɑrtnər ˈaɪˈdi ˈoʊvər ðə læst ɛn mənθs wət ɪz ðə læst ˈkʊki fər ðə ˈgɪvɪn ˈpɑrtnər ˈaɪˈdi wət ɪz ðə læst deɪt wi hæv sin ðə ˈgɪvɪn ˈkʊki ˈaɪˈdi ˈpɑrtnər ˈaɪˈdi ˈkəpəl ɛz ju kən ˌɪˈmæʤən, ðə rɪˈvərs kˈwɛsʧənz ər ˈɔlsoʊ tɪ bi ˈænsərd soʊ ˈaɪˈdi trænzˈleɪʃənz kən bi dən boʊθ weɪz (aʊʧ!). ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪpɪŋ ðɪs ɪz noʊ nuz ðət ə ˈpaɪθɑn ˈæˌdɪkt soʊ aɪ dɪd ɔl maɪ ˈproʊtoʊˌtaɪpɪŋ ˈjuzɪŋ ˈpaɪθɑn ənd ðə. aɪ ˈɛndɪd əp ˈjuzɪŋ ə ˈdætə ˈstrætəʤi ˈjuzɪŋ pytest*. aɪ roʊt tɛsts ɔn maɪ ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt soʊ aɪ kʊd ˈkɑnsənˌtreɪt ɔn ðə ˈmɑdəl waɪl ˈmeɪkɪŋ ʃʊr ðət ɔl maɪ kˈwɛsʧənz wər biɪŋ ˈænsərd kərˈɛktli ənd kənˈsɪstəntli. ˈskimə ɪn ɑr keɪs, wi ˈɛndɪd əp wɪθ θri ˈteɪbəlz tɪ ˈænsər ɔl ðə kˈwɛsʧənz wi hæd. tɪ ˈænsər ðə fərst θri kˈwɛsʧənz əˈbəv, ju kʊd juz ðə ˈskimə bɪˈloʊ: kriˈeɪt ˈteɪbəl ɪf nɑt ɪgˈzɪsts ids_by_partnerid*( tɛkst, ˈaɪˈdi tɛkst, deɪt timestamp*, ˈpraɪˌmɛri ki ((partnerid*), deɪt, ˈaɪˈdi) wɪθ ˈkləstərɪŋ ˈɔrdər baɪ (deɪt) noʊt ɔn ˈkləstərɪŋ ki ˈɔrdərɪŋ wən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈlərnɪŋ aɪ gɑt ɪn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv ˈvæləˌdeɪtɪŋ ðə ˈmɑdəl ɪz əˈbaʊt ðə əv faɪl ˈfɔrˌmæt ðət rɪˈzəltɪd ɪn ðə ʧɔɪs əv ˈjuzɪŋ ə dɪˈsɛndɪŋ ˈɔrdər ɔn ðə deɪt ˈkləstərɪŋ ki ɛz ju kən si əˈbəv. ɪf jʊr meɪn juz keɪs əv ɪz tɪ lʊk fər ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈvælju əv ən ˈteɪbəl dɪˈzaɪn laɪk ɑrz, ðɛn meɪk ʃʊr tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðə dɪˈfɔlt ˈɔrdər əv jʊr ˈkləstərɪŋ ki tɪ. ðɪs wɪl ɪnˈʃʊr ðət ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈvæljuz (roʊz) ər stɔrd æt ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ðə faɪl ˈifɛktɪvli rɪˈdusɪŋ ðə rɛd ˈleɪtənsi wɪn ðə roʊ ɪz nɑt ɪn kæˈʃeɪ! lɛt mi kwoʊt ˈglaʊbər dɪˈteɪld ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən ɔn ðɪs: ˈbeɪsɪkli ɪn faɪl ˈfɔrˌmæt, ðə ˈɪndɛks pɔɪnts tɪ ən ɪnˈtaɪər pɑrˈtɪʃən (fər ˈvɛri lɑrʤ pɑrˈtɪʃənz ðɛr ɪz ə hæk tɪ əˈvɔɪd ðət, bət ðə ˈlɑʤɪk ɪz ˈmoʊstli ðə seɪm). soʊ ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ rɛd ðə fərst roʊ, ˈizi ju gɪt ðə ˈɪndɛks tɪ ðə pɑrˈtɪʃən ənd rɛd ðə fərst roʊ. ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ rɛd ðə læst roʊ, ðɛn ju gɪt ðə ˈɪndɛks tɪ ðə pɑrˈtɪʃən ənd du ə ˈlɪniər skæn tɪ ðə nɛkst. ðɪs ɪz ðə kaɪnd əv ˈlərnɪŋ ju kən ˈoʊnli gɪt frəm ˈɛkspərts laɪk ˈglaʊbər ənd ðət kən ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ðə hoʊl ɔn ɪts oʊn! stɛp 2 sɛt əp ɛz aɪ sɛd ˌbiˈfɔr, meɪk ʃʊr tɪ sɛt əp ənd rən ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt ˌbiˈfɔr ˈrənɪŋ jʊr tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊdz. ðɪs ˈizi tɪ rən səˈluʃən wɪl bi əv greɪt hɛlp tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd ðə pərˈfɔrməns əv jʊr ˈkləstər ənd tɪ tun jʊr ˈwərˌkloʊd fər ˈɑptɪməl pərˈfɔrmənsɪz. ɪf ju kən, ˈɔlsoʊ dɪˈskəs wɪθ ðə tim tɪ əˈlaʊ ðɛm tɪ ˈækˌsɛs ðə ˈdæʃˌbɔrd. ðɪs wɪl bi ˈvɛri ˈvæljəbəl sɪns ðeɪ noʊ wɛr tɪ lʊk ˈbɛtər ðən wi ˈjuʒəwəli do…*… aɪ geɪnd ə lɔt əv ˌəndərˈstændɪŋz θæŋks tɪ ðɪs! noʊt ɔn skreɪp ˈɪntərvəl aɪ ədˈvaɪz ju tɪ loʊər ðə prəˈmiˌθiəs skreɪp ˈɪntərvəl tɪ hæv ə ˈʃɔrtər ənd ˈfaɪnər ˈsæmplɪŋ əv jʊr ˈmɛtrɪks. ðɪs wɪl əˈlaʊ jʊr ˈdæʃˌbɔrd tɪ bi mɔr riˈæktɪv wɪn ju stɑrt jʊr tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊdz. fər ðɪs, ʧeɪnʤ ðə faɪl laɪk ðɪs: scrape_interval*: skreɪp ˈtɑrgəts ˈɛvəri 2 ˈsɛkəndz dɪˈfɔlt) scrape_timeout*: ˈtaɪˌmaʊt ˌbiˈfɔr traɪɪŋ tɪ skreɪp ə ˈtərgət əˈgɛn dɪˈfɔlt) tɛst jʊr ˈmɑnətərɪŋ ˌbiˈfɔr goʊɪŋ ˈɛni ˈfərðər, aɪ ˈstrɔŋli ədˈvaɪz ju tɪ rən ə strɛs tɛst ɔn jʊr ˈkləstər ˈjuzɪŋ ðə tul ənd ʃɛr ðə rɪˈzəlts ənd ðɛr ˈmɑnətərɪŋ græfs wɪθ ðə tim. ðɪs wɪl gɪv ju ə ˈkɑmən ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv ðə ˈʤɛnərəl pərˈfɔrmənsɪz əv jʊr ˈkləstər ɛz wɛl ɛz hɛlp ɪn ˈaʊˌtlaɪnɪŋ ˈɛni ˈɑbviəs ər ˈhɑrdˌwɛr ˈprɑbləm. ki græfs tɪ lʊk æt ðɛr ər ə lɔt əv ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ græfs soʊ laɪk tɪ ʃɛr ðə wənz ðət aɪ hæv bɪn ˈmeɪnli ˈlʊkɪŋ æt. rɪˈmɛmbər ðət dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn jʊr tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊdz, səm ˈəðər græfs meɪ bi mɔr ˈrɛləvənt fər ju. ˈnəmbər əv ˈoʊpən kəˈnɛkʃənz wɔnt tɪ si ə ˈstɛdi ənd haɪ ɪˈnəf ˈnəmbər əv ˈoʊpən kəˈnɛkʃənz wɪʧ wɪl pruv ðət jʊr klaɪənts ər pʊʃt æt ðɛr ˈmæksəməm (æt ðə taɪm əv ˈtɛstɪŋ ðɪs græf wɑz nɑt ɔn ənd ju hæd tɪ æd ɪt ˈjɔrsɛlf) kæˈʃeɪ hɪts ˈmɪsɪz dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn jʊr ˈrɛfərəns ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt, ˈɑbviəsli si ðət kæˈʃeɪ hɪts ənd ˈmɪsɪz wɪl hæv ə dɪˈrɛkt ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃən wɪθ dɪsk ənd ˈoʊvərˌɔl pərˈfɔrmənsɪz. ˈrənɪŋ jʊr tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊdz ˈməltəpəl taɪmz ʃʊd ˈtrɪgər haɪər kæˈʃeɪ hɪts ɪf jʊr ræm ɪz bɪg ɪˈnəf. pər ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən ðə rɪkˈwɛsts sərvd pər ʃɑrd græf ʃʊd dɪˈspleɪ ə ˈnaɪsli dɪˈstrɪbjətəd loʊd bɪtˈwin jʊr ʃɑrdz ənd noʊdz soʊ ðət ʃʊr ðət ˈgɪtɪŋ ðə bɛst aʊt əv jʊr ˈkləstər. ðə seɪm ɪz tru fər ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈɛvəri ˈəðər shard/node”*” græf: ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ˈivənli dɪˈstrɪbjətəd loʊd. ridz dɪˈrɛkli lɪŋkt wɪθ jʊr dɪsk pərˈfɔrmənsɪz, bi traɪɪŋ tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ðət ju hæv ˈɔlˌmoʊst noʊ ridz. stɛp 3 gɪt jʊr ˈrɛfərəns ˈdætə ənd ˈmɛtrɪks wi ˈɑbviəsli nid tɪ hæv səm ˈrɛfərəns ˈmɛtrɪks ɔn ɑr ˈkɑrənt pərˈdəkʃən stæk soʊ wi kən kəmˈpɛr ðɛm wɪθ ðə rɪˈzəlts ɔn ɑr ˈsɪlə ˈkləstər. ˈwɛðər ju ʧuz tɪ juz jʊr ˈkɑrənt pərˈdəkʃən məˈʃinz ər sɛt əp ə ˈsɪmələr stæk ɔn ðə saɪd tɪ rən jʊr tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊdz ɪz əp tɪ ju. wi ʧoʊz tɪ rən ðə væst məˈʤɔrəti əv ɑr tɛsts ɔn ɑr ˈkɑrənt pərˈdəkʃən məˈʃinz tɪ bi ɛz kloʊz tɪ ɑr ril ˈwərˌkloʊdz ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl. priˈpɛr ə ˈrɛfərəns ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt ˈdʊrɪŋ jʊr wərk ɔn ðə ˈdɑkjəmɛnt, ju ʃʊd hæv dɪˈteɪld ðə ˈjuʒəwəl ˈdætə ənd ˈvɑljum ju wərk wɪθ. juz ðɪs ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən tɪ sɛt əp ə ˈrɛfərəns ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt ðət ju kən juz ɔn ɔl əv ðə ˈplætˌfɔrmz ðət ju plæn tɪ kəmˈpɛr. ɪn ɑr keɪs, wi ʧoʊz ə 10 ˈmɪljən ˈrɛfərəns ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt ðət wi ʤɔɪnd wɪθ ə 400 ˈmɪljən ˈɛkˌstrækt əv ən ˈaɪˈdi ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈteɪbəl. ðoʊz ˈvɑljumz simd ˈizi ɪˈnəf tɪ wərk wɪθ ənd əˈlaʊd səm nis ˈreɪʃiˌoʊ fər ˈmɛməri baʊnd ˈwərˌkloʊdz. ˈmɛʒər ɔn jʊr ˈkɑrənt stæk ðɛn taɪm tɪ loʊd ðɪs ˈrɛfərəns ɔn jʊr ˈkɑrənt ˈplætˌfɔrmz. ɪf ju rən ə ˈkləstər laɪk wi du, meɪk ʃʊr tɪ ʃɑrd ənd ˈɪndɛks ðə ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt ʤɪst laɪk ju du ɔn ðə pərˈdəkʃən kəˈlɛkʃənz. ʤɪst laɪk ju du ɔn ðə pərˈdəkʃən kəˈlɛkʃənz. ɔn haɪv, meɪk ʃʊr tɪ rɪˈspɛkt ðə ˈstɔrɪʤ faɪl ˈfɔrˌmæt əv jʊr ˈkɑrənt ɛz wɛl ɛz ðɛr pɑrˈtɪʃənɪŋ. ɪf ju ʧoʊz tɪ rən jʊr tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊdz ɔn jʊr pərˈdəkʃən məˈʃinz, meɪk ʃʊr tɪ rən ðɛm ˈməltəpəl taɪmz ənd æt ˈdɪfərənt aʊərz əv ðə deɪ ənd naɪt soʊ ju kən ˈkɔrəˌleɪt ðə ˈmɛʒərz wɪθ ðə loʊd ɔn ðə ˈkləstər æt ðə taɪm əv ðə tɛsts. ˈrɛfərəns ˈmɛtrɪks fər ðə seɪk əv sɪmˈplɪsɪti ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn ðə bæʧ ˈwərˌkloʊdz. aɪ pərˈfɔrmd ə kaʊnt ɔn ðə ʤɔɪn əv ðə ˈdeɪtəˌsɛt ənd ðə ˈaɪˈdi ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈteɪbəl ˈjuzɪŋ spɑrk 2 ənd ðɛn aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ræn ðə ʤɔɪn ˈjuzɪŋ ə ˈsɪmpəl haɪv kˈwiri θru. aɪ geɪv ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃənz ɔn ðə ˈrɛfərəns loʊd: ˈaɪdəl jɑrn əˈveɪləbəl kənˈteɪnərz ənd fri ˈrisɔrsɪz ər ˈɑptɪməl, ˈpɛrəˌlɛˌlɪzəm ɪz ˈvɛri ˈlɪmɪtɪd jɑrn əˈveɪləbəl kənˈteɪnərz ənd fri ˈrisɔrsɪz ər ˈɑptɪməl, ˈpɛrəˌlɛˌlɪzəm ɪz ˈvɛri ˈlɪmɪtɪd ˈnɔrməl jɑrn səˈsteɪnz səm ˈkæʒəwəl loʊd, ˈpɛrəˌlɛˌlɪzəm ɪgˈzɪsts bət wi ər nɑt baʊnd baɪ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ stɪl jɑrn səˈsteɪnz səm ˈkæʒəwəl loʊd, ˈpɛrəˌlɛˌlɪzəm ɪgˈzɪsts bət wi ər nɑt baʊnd baɪ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ stɪl haɪ: jɑrn həz ˈpɛndɪŋ kənˈteɪnərz, ˈpɛrəˌlɛˌlɪzəm ɪz haɪ ənd ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz hæv tɪ weɪt fər kənˈteɪnərz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈɛksəˌkjutɪŋ ˈɔlˌweɪz ən ˈɛrər ˈmɑrʤən ɔn ðə rɪˈzəlts ju gɪt ənd aɪ faʊnd ðət ðɛr wɑz nɑt sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ɪˈnəf ˈdɪfərənsɪz bɪtˈwin ðə rɪˈzəlts ˈjuzɪŋ spɑrk 2 ənd soʊ aɪ stək wɪθ ə ˈsɪmpəl sɛt əv rɪˈzəlts: ˈaɪdəl: 2 ˈmɪnəts, 15 ˈsɛkəndz ˈnɔrməl: 4 ˈmɪnəts haɪ: 15 ˈmɪnəts stɛp 4 gɪt ˈsɪlə ɪn ðə mɪks ˈfaɪnəli taɪm tɪ du jʊr bɛst tɪ breɪk ˈsɪlə ər æt list tɪ pʊʃ ɪt tɪ ɪts ˈlɪmɪts ɔn jʊr hardware…*… bət moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtəntli, bi ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ ˌəndərˈstænd wət ðoʊz ˈlɪmɪts ər dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn jʊr tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊdz ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈaʊˌtlaɪnɪŋ aʊt ɔl ðə rikˈwaɪərd ˈtunɪŋ ðət ju wɪl bi rikˈwaɪərd tɪ du ɔn ðə klaɪənt saɪd tɪ riʧ ðoʊz ˈlɪmɪts. ˈspikɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə rɪˈzəlts, wi wɪl hæv tɪ ˌdɪfərˈɛnʧiˌeɪt tu ˈkeɪsɪz: ðə ˈsɪlə ˈkləstər ɪz frɛʃ ənd ɪts kæˈʃeɪ ɪz ˈɛmti (koʊld stɑrt): pərˈfɔrməns ɪz ˈmoʊstli dɪsk baʊnd ðə ˈsɪlə ˈkləstər həz bɪn ˈrənɪŋ səm tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊd ɔˈrɛdi ənd ɪts kæˈʃeɪ ɪz hɑt: pərˈfɔrməns ɪz ˈmoʊstli ˈmɛməri baʊnd wɪθ səm dɪsk dɪˈpɛndɪŋ ɔn ðə saɪz əv jʊr ræm spɑrk 2 ˈskɑlə tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊd hir aɪ juzd ˈskɑlə (jɛs, aɪ dɪd) ənd soʊ aɪ kʊd juz ðə ˈmæʤɪk ˈfəŋkʃən. ˈʤɑvə 7 aɪ hæd tɪ stɪk wɪθ ðə ˈvərʒən əv ðə bɪˈkəz nuər ˈvərʒən æt ðə taɪm əv ˈtɛstɪŋ) wər pərˈfɔrmɪŋ bæd wɪθ noʊ əˈpɛrənt ˈrizən. ðə tim hɛlp ɔn ðɪs. ju kən ˌɪnərˈækt wɪθ jʊr tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊd ˈjuzɪŋ ðə: --ʤɑrz ðɛn juz ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈskɑlə ˌɪmˈpɔrts: meɪn kəˈnɛktər ˌɪmˈpɔrt ˌɪmˈpɔrt com.datastax.spark.connector*._ ðə feɪld wɪˈθaʊt ðɪs (dəˈnoʊ waɪ, əm noʊ ˈskɑlə gaɪ) ˌɪmˈpɔrt com.datastax.spark.connector.writer*._ ˌɪmˈplɪsət væl ˈfaɪnəli aɪ kʊd rən maɪ tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊd tɪ səˈlɛkt ðə ˈdætə frəm haɪv ənd ʤɔɪn ɪt wɪθ ˈsɪlə ˈizəli: væl ˈaɪˈdi frəm") væl df_population.rdd.repartitionbycassandrareplica("test_keyspace*", "partner_id_match_400m_rows").joinwithcassandratable("test_keyspace*", "partner_id_match_400m_rows*") væl join_rdd.count*() noʊts ɔn ˈtunɪŋ aɪ ɪkˈspɪriənst ˈprɪti ˈkræˌpi pərˈfɔrmənsɪz æt fərst. θæŋks tɪ ðə ˈizi ˈmɑnətərɪŋ, aɪ kʊd si ðət ˈsɪlə wɑz nɑt biɪŋ ðə ˈbɑtəlˌnɛk æt ɔl ənd ðət aɪ ˌɪnˈstɛd hæd ˈtrəbəl ˈgɪtɪŋ səm ril loʊd ɔn ɪt. soʊ aɪ ɪnˈgeɪʤd ɪn ə θəroʊ ˈtunɪŋ əv ðə wɪθ ðə hɛlp əv glauber…*… ənd ɪt wɑz ˈprɪti ˈpeɪnfəl bət wi ˈfaɪnəli meɪd ɪt ənd gɑt ðə bɛst pərˈæmətərz tɪ gɪt ðə loʊd ɔn ðə ˈsɪlə ˈkləstər kloʊz tɪ 100 wɪn ˈrənɪŋ ðə tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊdz. ðɪs ˈtunɪŋ wɑz dən ɪn ðə faɪl: hæv ə fɪkst sɛt əv ɪgˈzɛkjətərz ənd bust ðɛr ˈoʊvərˈhɛd ˈmɛməri ðɪs wɪl ˌɪnˈkris tɛst rɪˈzəlts riˌlaɪəˈbɪləti baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ʃʊr ju ˈɔlˌweɪz hæv ə rɪˈzərvd ˈnəmbər əv əˈveɪləbəl ˈwərkərz æt jʊr dɪˈspoʊzəl. sɛt ðə splɪt saɪz tɪ dɪˈfɔlt ɪz bət ˈsɪlə ˈjuzɪz ə splɪt saɪz əv soʊ si ə greɪt bust əv pərˈfɔrməns ənd stəˈbɪlɪti baɪ ˈsɛtɪŋ ðɪs ˈsɛtɪŋ tɪ ðə raɪt ˈnəmbər. əˈlaɪn ˈdraɪvər wɪθ ˈsərvər ɪt ɪz ədˈvaɪzd tɪ meɪk ʃʊr ðət jʊr rɛd rɪkˈwɛst ər ðə seɪm ɔn ðə ˈdraɪvər ənd ðə ˈsərvər soʊ ju du nɑt gɪt stɔld steɪts ˈweɪtɪŋ fər ə ˈtaɪˌmaʊt tɪ ˈhæpən ɔn wən hænd. ju kən du ðə seɪm wɪθ raɪt ɪf jʊr tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊdz ər raɪt ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪv. read_request_timeout_in_ms*: 150000 ˈɔpʃənəl ɪf ju wɔnt tɪ feɪl riˈtraɪ ˈfæstər fər hɑ sɪˈnɛrioʊz əˈʤəst jʊr ridz pər ˈsɛkənd reɪt læst bət ˈʃʊrli nɑt list, ðɪs ˈsɛtɪŋ ju wɪl nid tɪ traɪ ənd faɪnd aʊt ðə bɛst ˈvælju fər ˈjɔrsɛlf sɪns ɪt həz ə dɪˈrɛkt ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn ðə loʊd ɔn jʊr ˈsɪlə ˈkləstər. ju wɪl bi ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ˈpʊʃɪŋ jʊr ˈkləstər tɪ ˈɔlˌmoʊst 100 loʊd. ɛz aɪ sɛd ˌbiˈfɔr, aɪ kʊd ˈoʊnli gɪt ðɪs tɪ wərk ˈpərfəktli ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈvərʒən əv ðə ˈdraɪvər. bət ðɛn ɪt wərkt ˈvɛri wɛl ənd wɪθ greɪt spid. spɑrk 2 rɪˈzəlts wəns tund, ðə bɛst rɪˈzəlts aɪ wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ riʧ ɔn ðɪs ˈhɑrdˌwɛr ər ˈlɪstɪd bɪˈloʊ. ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ tɪ si ðət wɪθ ˈspɪnɪŋ dɪsks, ðə koʊld stɑrt rɪˈzəlt kən kəmˈpit wɪθ ðə rɪˈzəlts əv ə ˈhɛvəli ˈloʊdɪd ˈkləstər wɛr ˈpɛndɪŋ kənˈteɪnərz ənd ˈpɛrəˌlɛˌlɪzəm ər ˈnɑkɪŋ daʊn ɪts pərˈfɔrmənsɪz. hɑt kæˈʃeɪ: koʊld kæˈʃeɪ: waʊ! ðoʊz θri riˈfərbɪʃt məˈʃinz kən kəmˈpit wɪθ ɑr ˈkɑrənt pərˈdəkʃən məˈʃinz ənd, ðeɪ kən ˈivɪn mæʧ ən ˈaɪdəl haɪv ˈkləstər əv ə ˈmidiəm saɪz! ˈpaɪθɑn tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊd aɪ kənˈklud ɔn ə 2 ˈoʊnli tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊd. soʊ aɪ ˈɑbviəsli wɛnt bæk tɪ maɪ ˈlæŋgwɪʤ əv ʧɔɪs ˈpaɪθɑn ˈoʊnli tɪ dɪˈskəvər æt maɪ ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt ðət ðɛr ɪz noʊ ɪkˈwɪvələnt əˈveɪləbəl ɔn pyspark…*… aɪ traɪd wɪθ səm ˈprɑʤɛkts ˈkleɪmɪŋ ˈəðərˌwaɪz wɪθ noʊ səkˈsɛs ənˈtɪl aɪ ʧeɪnʤd maɪ maɪnd ənd ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðət aɪ ˈprɑbəˌbli nid spɑrk 2 æt ɔl. soʊ aɪ wɛnt ˈɪntu ðə ˈkreɪzi kwɛst əv ˈbitɪŋ spɑrk 2 pərˈfɔrmənsɪz ˈjuzɪŋ ə pjʊr ˈpaɪθɑn ˌɪmpləmɛnˈteɪʃən. ðɪs ˈbeɪsɪkli minz ðət ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈhævɪŋ ə ʤɔɪn laɪk ˈhɛlpər, aɪ hæd tɪ du ə ˈmæsɪv əˈmaʊnt əv ˈsɪŋgəl partnerid”*” ˈlʊkəps. ˈsɪmpəl bət ˈgreɪtli ˌɪnɪˈfɪʃənt ju seɪ? ˈrɪli? wɪn aɪ broʊk daʊn ðə ˈpisɪz, aɪ wɑz lɛft wɪθ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ stɛps tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt ənd ˈɑptɪˌmaɪz: loʊd ðə roʊz wərθ əv ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ˈdætə frəm haɪv fər ˈɛvəri roʊ, ˈlʊkəp ðə ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈaɪˈdi ˈmæʧɪŋ ˈteɪbəl frəm ˈsɪlə kaʊnt ðə rɪˈzəltɪŋ ˈnəmbər əv ˈmæʧɪz ðə meɪn ˈprɑbləm tɪ kəmˈpit wɪθ spɑrk 2 ɪz ðət ɪt ɪz ə dɪˈstrɪbjətəd ˈfreɪmˌwərk ənd ˈpaɪθɑn baɪ ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɪz nɑt. soʊ ju ˈpɑsəbli ˌɪˈmæʤən ˈaʊtpərˌfɔrmɪŋ spɑrk 2 wɪθ jʊr ˈsɪŋgəl məˈʃin. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, rɪˈmɛmbər ðət spɑrk 2 ɪz ʃɪpt ənd ræn ɔn ɪgˈzɛkjətərz ˈjuzɪŋ jɑrn soʊ wi ər ˈfaɪərrɪŋ əp ənd dɪˈspæʧɪŋ kənˈteɪnərz ɔl ðə taɪm. ðɪs ɪz ə kwaɪt ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ˈprɔˌsɛs ðət wi hæv ə ʧæns tɪ əˈvɔɪd ˈjuzɪŋ ˈpaɪθɑn! soʊ wət aɪ ˈnidɪd wɑz ə dɪˈstrɪbjətəd ˌkɑmpjəˈteɪʃən ˈfreɪmˌwərk ðət wʊd əˈlaʊ tɪ loʊd ˈdætə ɪn ə pɑrˈtɪʃənd weɪ ənd rən ðə ˈlʊkəps ɔn ɔl ðə pɑrˈtɪʃənz ɪn ˈpɛrəˌlɛl ˌbiˈfɔr ˈmərʤɪŋ ðə rɪˈzəlts. ɪn ˈpaɪθɑn, ðɪs ˈfreɪmˌwərk ɪgˈzɪsts ənd ɪz neɪmd! ju wɪl ˈɑbviəsli nid tɪ hæv tɪ dɪˈplɔɪ ə təˈpɔləʤi ˈizi ənd wɛl ˈdɑkjəˌmɛnəd) tɪ hæv ə ˈkɑmprəbəl ˈnəmbər əv ˈwərkərz ðən əv spɑrk 2 ɪgˈzɛkjətərz 30 ɪn maɪ keɪs) ðə ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋ ˈpaɪθɑn koʊd ˈsæmpəlz ər hir. haɪv ˈsɪlə rɪˈzəlts ˈrɛdɪŋ ðə ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən frəm haɪv, ðə ˈwərˌkloʊd kən bi splɪt ənd ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd kənˈkərəntli ɔn ˈməltəpəl ˈwərkərz. rɛd ðə ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən roʊz frəm haɪv ɪn ə pɑrˈtɪʃənd ˈmænər fər iʧ pɑrˈtɪʃən (slaɪs əv), kˈwiri ˈsɪlə tɪ ˈlʊkəp ðə ˈpɑsəbli ˈmæʧɪŋ kriˈeɪt ə frəm ðə rɪˈzəltɪŋ ˈmæʧɪz ˈgæðər bæk ɔl ðə ənd mərʤ ðɛm kaʊnt ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˈmæʧɪz ðə rɪˈzəlts ʃoʊd ðət ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ kəmˈpit wɪθ spɑrk 2 wɪθ: hɑt kæˈʃeɪ: (ˈraʊndɪd əp) (ˈraʊndɪd əp) koʊld kæˈʃeɪ: ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋli, ðoʊz ˈɔlˌmoʊst tu ˈmɪnəts kən bi ˈbroʊkən daʊn laɪk ðɪs: dɪˈstrɪbjətəd rɛd ˈdætə frəm haɪv: dɪˈstrɪbjətəd ˈlʊkəp frəm ˈsɪlə: mərʤ kaʊnt: ðɪs mɛnt ðət ɪf aɪ kʊd kət daʊn ðə ˈrɛdɪŋ əv ˈdætə frəm haɪv aɪ kʊd goʊ ˈivɪn ˈfæstər! pɑrˈkeɪ ˈsɪlə rɪˈzəlts goʊɪŋ ˈfərðər ɔn maɪ ˈpriviəs rɪˈmɑrk aɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ gɪt rɪd əv haɪv ənd pʊt ðə roʊz ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən ˈdætə ɪn ə pɑrˈkeɪ faɪl ˌɪnˈstɛd. aɪ ˈɛndɪd əp traɪɪŋ tɪ faɪnd aʊt ðə moʊst ɪˈfɪʃənt weɪ tɪ rɛd ənd loʊd ə pɑrˈkeɪ faɪl frəm hdfs*. maɪ kənˈkluʒən soʊ fɑr ɪz ðət ju bi ðə əˈmeɪzɪŋ ˈkɑmˌboʊ. ɪt ɪz ˈfæstər tɪ loʊd ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɔn ə ˈsɪŋgəl məˈʃin ðən ˈloʊdɪŋ frəm haɪv ɔn ˈməltəpəl wənz! ðə rɪˈzəlts ʃoʊd ðət aɪ kʊd ˈɔlˌmoʊst gɪt rɪd əv ə hoʊl ˈmɪnət ɪn ðə ˈtoʊtəl ˈprɔˌsɛs, ˈifɛktɪvli ənd ˈizəli ˈbitɪŋ spɑrk 2 hɑt kæˈʃeɪ: koʊld kæˈʃeɪ: noʊts ɔn ðə ˈpaɪθɑn tɛsts ˈjuzɪŋ ˈpaɪθɑn ʃoʊd roʊˈbəst kˈwɪriz ɪkˈspɪriənsɪŋ fɑr lɛs ˈfeɪljərz ðən ðə, ˈivɪn mɔr ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə koʊld stɑrt sɪˈnɛrioʊ. ðə ˈjusɪʤ əv execute_concurrent*() prəˈvaɪdz ə klin ənd ˈlɪniər ˈɪnərˌfeɪs tɪ səbˈmɪt ə lɑrʤ ˈnəmbər əv kˈwɪriz waɪl prəˈvaɪdɪŋ səm ˈlɛvəl əv kənˈtroʊl prəˈvaɪdz ə klin ənd ˈlɪniər ˈɪnərˌfeɪs tɪ səbˈmɪt ə lɑrʤ ˈnəmbər əv kˈwɪriz waɪl prəˈvaɪdɪŋ səm ˈlɛvəl əv kənˈtroʊl ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ðə pərˈæmətər frəm 100 tɪ 512 prəˈvaɪdɪd əˈdɪʃənəl θˈruˌpʊt, bət ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ɪt mɔr lʊkt ˈjusləs pərˈæmətər frəm 100 tɪ prəˈvaɪdɪd əˈdɪʃənəl θˈruˌpʊt, bət ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ɪt mɔr lʊkt ˈjusləs ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ˈvərʒən 4 fərˈbɪdz ðə ˈtunɪŋ əv kəˈnɛkʃən rɪkˈwɛsts ˈnəmbər tɪ səm sɔrt əv ˈɔtoʊ kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən. ɔl ˈtɛntətɪv tɪ hænd tun ɪt (baɪ loʊərɪŋ ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ˈvərʒən tɪ 2 feɪld tɪ əˈʧiv haɪər θˈruˌpʊt fərˈbɪdz ðə ˈtunɪŋ əv kəˈnɛkʃən rɪkˈwɛsts ˈnəmbər tɪ səm sɔrt əv ˈɔtoʊ kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən. ɔl ˈtɛntətɪv tɪ hænd tun ɪt (baɪ loʊərɪŋ ˈproʊtəˌkɔl ˈvərʒən tɪ 2 feɪld tɪ əˈʧiv haɪər θˈruˌpʊt ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən əv ɔn ðə ˈsɪstəm əˈlaʊz ðə tɪ juz ɪt tɪ ˈhændəl ˌɪnˈstɛd əv wɪθ ə ˈsəmˈwət loʊər loʊd ˈfʊtˌprɪnt ɔn ðə ˈwərkər noʊd bət noʊ ˈnoʊtəsəbəl ʧeɪnʤ ɔn ðə θˈruˌpʊt ɔn ðə ˈsɪstəm əˈlaʊz ðə tɪ juz ɪt tɪ ˈhændəl ˌɪnˈstɛd əv wɪθ ə ˈsəmˈwət loʊər loʊd ˈfʊtˌprɪnt ɔn ðə ˈwərkər noʊd bət noʊ ˈnoʊtəsəbəl ʧeɪnʤ ɔn ðə θˈruˌpʊt wɪn ˈrɛdɪŋ ə pɑrˈkeɪ faɪl stɔrd ɔn hdfs*, ðə ˈkɑmˌboʊ prəˈvaɪdz ən ˌɪnˈseɪn spid (lɛs ðən tɪ ˈfʊli loʊd roʊz əv ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈkɑləm) stɛp 5 pleɪ wɪθ haɪ əˌveɪləˈbɪlɪti aɪ wɑz kwaɪt ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪd ənd səˈpraɪzd baɪ ðə læk əv məˈʧʊrəti əv ðə kəˈsændrə kəmˈjunɪti ɔn ðɪs ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈtɑpɪk. ˈmeɪbi ðə meɪn ˈrizən ɪz ðət ðə əˈlaʊz fər tu ˈmɛni ˈlɛvəlz əv kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən ənd ˈstrætəʤiz. aɪ roʊt ðɪs ˈsɪmpəl bæʃ skrɪpt tɪ əˈlaʊ mi tɪ ˈsɪmjəˌleɪt noʊd ˈfeɪljərz. ðɛn aɪ kʊd pleɪ wɪθ ˈhændəlɪŋ ðoʊz ˈfeɪljərz ənd ɔn ðə ˈpaɪθɑn klaɪənt koʊd. -ti ˈfɪltər -ɛks -ti ˈfɪltər -ɛf fər pɔrt ɪn 9042 9160 9180 10000 7000 du -ti ˈfɪltər -ə ˈɪnˌpʊt -pi ${pɔrt} -ɛs ${ˌaɪˌpi} -ʤeɪ drɔp -ti ˈfɪltər -ə ˈaʊtˌpʊt -pi --spɔrt ${pɔrt} -di ${ˌaɪˌpi} -ʤeɪ drɔp dən waɪl tru; du træp breɪk klɪr -ti ˈfɪltər slip 1 dən -ti ˈfɪltər -ɛks -ti ˈfɪltər -ɛf -ti ˈfɪltər ðɪs ˈtɑpɪk ɪz wərθ goʊɪŋ ɪn mɔr ˈditeɪlz ɔn ə ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd blɔg poʊst ðət aɪ ʃæl raɪt ˈleɪtər ɔn waɪl prəˈvaɪdɪŋ koʊd ˈsæmpəlz. kənˈkludɪŋ ðə ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃən ˈhæpi tɪ seɪ ðət ˈsɪlə pæst ɑr pərˈdəkʃən ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃən ənd wɪl sun goʊ lɪv ɔn ɑr ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər! ɛz aɪ sɛd æt ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ðɪs poʊst, ðə kənˈkluʒən əv ðə ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃən həz nɑt bɪn ˈdrɪvən baɪ ðə gʊd ˈfɪgjərz wi gɑt aʊt əv ɑr tɛst ˈwərˌkloʊdz. ðoʊz ər noʊ ˈbɛnʧˌmɑrks ənd ˈnɛvər priˈtɛndɪd tɪ bi bət wi kʊd stɪl pruv ðət pərˈfɔrmənsɪz wər ˈsɑləd ɪˈnəf tɪ nɑt bi ə ˈblɑkər ɪn ðə əˈdɑpʃən əv ˈsɪlə. ˌɪnˈstɛd wi ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ɔn ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ pɔɪnts əv ˈɪntəˌrɛst (ɪn noʊ ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈɔrdər): ˈdætə kənˈsɪstənsi pərˈdəkʃən riˌlaɪəˈbɪləti əˈwɛrnəs iz əv ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ˌɪnfrəˈstrəkʧər dɪˈvɛləpər ˈfrɛndlinɪs kɔsts ɔn ðə saɪd, aɪ traɪd ˈsɪlə ɔn tu ˈəðər ˈdɪfərənt juz ˈkeɪsɪz wɪʧ pruvd ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ tɪ ˈfɑloʊ ˈleɪtər ɔn tɪ dɪˈspleɪs again…*… ˈmuvɪŋ tɪ pərˈdəkʃən sɪns ɑr riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɑz greɪt wi ˈɔlsoʊ ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ˈpɑrtnər wɪθ ənd səˈpɔrt ðɛm baɪ səbˈskraɪbɪŋ tɪ ðɛr ˈɛnərˌpraɪz ˈɔfərɪŋz. ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ ækˈsɛptɪd tɪ səˈpɔrt ˈjuˈɛs ˈjuzɪŋ ˈlɪnəks! wi ər ˈstɑrtɪŋ wɪθ ə θri noʊdz ˈhɛvi ˈduti ˈkləstər: dɛl duəl ˈsɑkət 14c*, ræm, ˈsæmˌsəŋ ˈtiˈbi ˈigər tɪ si ˈbɪldɪŋ əp ənd wɪl kənˈtɪnju tɪ hɛlp wɪθ maɪ ˈmɑdəst ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃənz. θæŋks əˈgɛn tɪ ðə tim fər ðɛr ˈpeɪʃəns ənd səˈpɔrt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə! soʊ sɪns ðɪs ɪz ˈrənɪŋ ɔn ˈmɛzəˌnin aɪ θɔt aɪd ʃɛr wət aɪ hæd tɪ du tɪ gɪt ɪt tɪ wərk. fərst ɔf aɪ dɪd ðɪs ɔn, bət ɪn ˈʤɛnərəl stəf ʃʊd əˈplaɪ tɪ moʊst ˈəðər ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃənz ˈɛniˌweɪ. ˈvərʒənz aɪ juzd: əˈpæʧi ˈpaɪθɑn doʊnt fərˈgɛt tɪ ɪˈneɪbəl əˈpæʧi ˈloʊdɪŋ (ɔn æd "-di tɪ ɪn /etc/conf.d/apache*). aɪ æm ˈrənɪŋ ˈmɛzəˌnin ɔn ɪts oʊn virtualhost*. fər ðə rɛst əv ðɪs aɪ goʊ wɪθ ðə əˈsəmpʃən ðət ðə əˈbəv ɪz ˌɪnˈstɔld ənd kənˈfɪgjərd kərˈɛktli. kwɪk ˈdərti ˈmɛzəˌnin ˌɪnˈstɔl: -ɛm sɔrs pɪp ˌɪnˈstɔl ˈmɛzəˌnin saʊθ əv kɔrs ˌriˈpleɪs wɪθ ˌwəˈtɛvər ˈdætəˌbeɪs ˈdraɪvər ju ˌɪnˈtɛnd tɪ juz. hir ɪz wət aɪ ˌɪnˈstɔld pɪp friz ˈaʊtˌpʊt): ðɛn kriˈeɪt jʊr ˈprɑʤɛkt: <projectname*> ðɛn ˈɛdət jʊr tɪ juz ðə kərˈɛkt ˈdætəˌbeɪs ˈsɛtɪŋz ənd doʊnt fərˈgɛt tɪ sɛt (laɪk aɪ dɪd æt fərst). +ɛks ðɪs ʃʊd kriˈeɪt ðə,, ðɛn aɪ ræn ju kən tɛst ɪt wɪθ ɪf ju nid tɪ ʧeɪnʤ ðə ip/port*: <ip>:<port*> meɪk ʃʊr stəf wərks ˈoʊˈkeɪ, sɛt əp wət ju wɔnt tɪ ˈsɛˌtəp fərst ər du jʊr dɪˈvɛləpmənt. fər dɪˈplɔɪɪŋ wɪθ hɪrz ə sˈnɪpət frəm maɪ əˈpæʧi (aɪ rən ɪt ɔn ənd ʤɪst ˌridərˈɛkt tɪ ðə ˈvərʒən): kəmˈbaɪnd ˈɪnfoʊ

views expressed in the content published here do not necessarily represent the views of gentoo linux or the gentoo foundation. welcome to, an aggregation of gentoo-related weblog articles written by gentoo developers. for a broader range of topics, you might be interested in gentoo universe just did an upgrade from postgres 10.x to 11.x on a test machine.. the guide on the gentoo wiki is pretty good, but a few things i forgot at first: first off when initializing the new cluster with " emerge --config =dev-db/postgresql-11.1 " making sure the db init options are the same as the old cluster. they are stored in /etc/conf.d/postgresql-xx.y so just make sure pg_initdb_opts collation ,.. match - if not delete the new cluster and re-run emerge --config ;) the second thing was pg_hba.conf : make sure to re-add extra user/db/connection permissions again (in my case i ran diff and then just copied the old config file as the only difference was the extra permissions i had added) the third thing was postgresql.conf : here i forgot to make sure listen_addresses and port are the same as in the old config (i did not copy this one as there are a lot more differences here. -- and of course check the rest of the config file too (diff is your friend ;) ) other than that pg_upgrade worked really well for me and it is now up and running agian. traditionally, openpgp revocation certificates are used as a last resort. you are expected to generate one for your primary key and keep it in a secure location. if you ever lose the secret portion of the key and are unable to revoke it any other way, you import the revocation certificate and submit the updated key to keyservers. however, there is another interesting use for revocation certificates — revoking shared organization keys. let’s take gentoo, for example. we are using a few keys needed to perform automated signatures on servers. for this reason, the key is especially exposed to attacks and we want to be able to revoke it quickly if the need arises. now, we really do not want to have every single infra member hold a copy of the secret primary key. however, we can give infra members revocation certificates instead. this way, they maintain the possibility of revoking the key without unnecessarily increasing its exposure. the problem with traditional revocation certificates is that they are supported for the purpose of revoking the primary key only. in our security model, the primary key is well protected, compared to subkeys that are totally exposed. therefore, it is superfluous to revoke the complete key when only a subkey is compromised. to resolve this limitation, gen-revoke tool was created that can create exported revocation signatures for both the primary key and subkeys. technical background the openpgp key (v4, as defined by rfc 4880) consists of a primary key, one or more uids and zero or more subkeys. each of those keys and uids can include zero or more signature packets. those packets bind information to the specific key or uid, and their authenticity is confirmed by a signature made using the secret portion of a primary key. signatures made by the key’s owner are called self-signatures. the most basic form of them serve as a binding between the primary key and its subkeys and uids. since both those classes of objects are created independently of the primary key, self-signatures are necessary to distinguish authentic subkeys and uids created by the key owner from potential fakes. appropriately, gnupg will only accept subkeys and uids that have valid self-signature. one specific type of signatures are revocation signatures. those signatures indicate that the relevant key, subkey or uid has been revoked. if a revocation signature is found, it takes precedence over any other kinds of signatures and prevents the revoked object from being further used. key updates are means of distributing new data associated with the key. what’s important is that during an update the key is not replaced by a new one. instead, gnupg collects all the new data (subkeys, uids, signatures) and adds it to the local copy of the key. the validity of this data is verified against appropriate signatures. appropriately, anyone can submit a key update to the keyserver, provided that the new data includes valid signatures. similarly to local gnupg instance, the keyserver is going to update its copy of the key rather than replacing it. revocation certificates specifically make use of this property. technically, a revocation certificate is simply an exported form of a revocation signature, signed using the owner’s primary key. as long as it’s not on the key (i.e. gnupg does not see it), it does not do anything. when it’s imported, gnupg adds it to the key. further submissions and exports include it, effectively distributing it to all copies of the key. gen-revoke builds on this idea. it creates and exports revocation signatures for the primary key and subkeys. due to implementation limitations (and for better compatibility), rather than exporting the signature alone it exports a minimal copy of the relevant key. this copy can be imported just like any other key export, and it causes the revocation signature to be added to the key. afterwards, it can be exported and distributed just like a revocation done directly on the key. usage to use the script, you need to have the secret portion of the primary key available, and public encryption keys for all the people who are supposed to obtain a copy of the revocation signatures (recipients). the script takes at least two parameters: an identifier of the key for which revocation signatures should be created, followed by one or more e-mail addresses of signature recipients. it creates revocation signatures both for the primary key and for all valid subkeys, for all the people specified. the signatures are written into the current directory as key exports and are encrypted to each specified person. they should be distributed afterwards, and kept securely by all the individuals. if a need to revoke either a subkey or the primary key arises, the first person available can decrypt the signature, import it and send the resulting key to keyservers. additionally, each signature includes a comment specifying the person it was created for. this comment will afterwards be displayed by gnupg if one of the revocation signatures is imported. this provides a clear audit trace as to who revoked the key. security considerations each of the revocation signatures can be used by an attacker to disable the key in question. the signatures are protected through encryption. therefore, the system is vulnerable to the key of a single signature owner being compromised. however, this is considerably safer than the equivalent option of distributing the secret portion of the primary key. in the latter case, the attacker would be able to completely compromise the key and use it for malicious purposes; in the former, it is only capable of revoking the key and therefore causing some frustration. furthermore, the revocation comment helps identifying the compromised user. the tradeoff between reliability and security can be adjusted by changing the number of revocation signature holders. this article describes the ui deficiency of evolution mail client that extrapolates the trust of one of openpgp key uids into the key itself, and reports it along with the (potentially untrusted) primary uid. this creates the possibility of tricking the user into trusting a phished mail via adding a forged uid to a key that has a previously trusted uid. continue reading let’s say you want to send a confidential message to me, and possibly receive a reply. through employing asymmetric encryption, you can prevent a third party from reading its contents, even if it can intercept the ciphertext. through signatures, you can verify the authenticity of the message, and therefore detect any possible tampering. but for all this to work, you need to be able to verify the authenticity of the public keys first. in other words, we need to be able to prevent the aforementioned third party — possibly capable of intercepting your communications and publishing a forged key with my credentials on it — from tricking you into using the wrong key. this renders key authenticity the fundamental problem of asymmetric cryptography. but before we start discussing how key certification is implemented, we need to cover another fundamental issue — identity. after all, who am i — who is the person you are writing to? are you writing to a person you’ve met? or to a specific gentoo developer? author of some project? before you can distinguish my authentic key from a forged key, you need to be able to clearly distinguish me from an impostor. forms of identity identity via e-mail address if your primary goal is to communicate with the owner of the particular e-mail address, it seems obvious to associate the identity with the owner of the e-mail address. however, how in reality would you distinguish a ‘rightful owner’ of the e-mail address from a cracker who managed to obtain access to it, or to intercept your network communications and inject forged mails? the truth is, the best you can certify is that the owner of a particular key is able to read and/or send mails from a particular e-mail address, at a particular point in time. then, if you can certify the same for a long enough period of time, you may reasonably assume the address is continuously used by the same identity (which may qualify as a legitimate owner or a cracker with a lot of patience). of course, all this relies on your trust in mail infrastructure not being compromised. identity via personal data a stronger protection against crackers may be provided by associating the identity with personal data, as confirmed by government-issued documents. in case of openpgp, this is just the real name; x.509 certificates also provide fields for street address, phone number, etc. the use of real names seems to be based on two assumptions: that your real name is reasonable well-known (e.g. it can be established with little risk of being replaced by a third party), and that the attacker does not wish to disclose his own name. besides that, using real names meets with some additional criticism. firstly, requiring one to use his real name may be considered an invasion on privacy. most notably, some people wish not to disclose or use their real names, and this effectively prevents them from ever being certified. secondly, real names are not unique. after all, the naming systems developed from the necessity of distinguishing individuals in comparatively small groups, and they simply scale to the size of the internet. therefore, name collisions are entirely possible and we are relying on sheer luck that the attacker wouldn’t happen to have the same name as you do. thirdly and most importantly, verifying identity documents is non-trivial and untrained individuals are likely to fall victim of mediocre quality fakes. after all, we’re talking about people who hopefully read some article on verifying a particular kind of document but have no experience recognizing forgery, no specialized hardware (i suppose most of you carry a magnifying glass and a uv light on yourself) and who may lack skills in comparing signatures or photographs (not to mention some people have really old photographs in documents). some countries even issue any official documentation for document verification in english! finally, even besides the point of forged documents, this relies on trust in administration. identity via photographs this one i’m mentioning merely for completeness. openpgp keys allow adding a photo as one of your uids. however, this is rather rarely used (out of the keys my gnupg fetched so far, less than 10% have photographs). the concerns are similar as for personal data: it assumes that others are reliably able to know how you look like, and that they are capable of reliably comparing faces. online identity an interesting concept is to use your public online activity to prove your identity — such as websites or social media. this is generally based on cross-referencing multiple resources with cryptographically proven publishing access, and assuming that an attacker would not be able to compromise all of them simultaneously. a form of this concept is utilized by keybase.io. this service builds trust in user profiles via cryptographically cross-linking your profiles on some external sites and/or your websites. furthermore, it actively encourages other users to verify those external proofs as well. this identity model entirely relies on trust in network infrastructure and external sites. the likeliness of it being compromised is reduced by (potentially) relying on multiple independent sites. web of trust model most of time, you won’t be able to directly verify the identity of everyone you’d like to communicate with. this creates a necessity of obtaining indirect proof of authenticity, and the model normally used for that purpose in openpgp is the web of trust. i won’t be getting into the fine details — you can find them e.g. in the gnu privacy handbook. for our purposes, it suffices to say that in wot the authenticity of keys you haven’t verified may be assessed by people whose keys you trust already, or people they know, with a limited level of recursion. the more key holders you can trust, the more keys you can have verified indirectly and the more likely it is that your future recipient will be in that group. or that you will be able to get someone from across the world into your wot by meeting someone residing much closer to yourself. therefore, you’d naturally want the wot to grow fast and include more individuals. you’d want to preach openpgp onto non-crypto-aware people. however, this comes with inherent danger: can you really trust that they will properly verify the identity of the keys they sign? i believe this is the most fundamental issue with wot model: for it to work outside of small specialized circles, it has to include more and more individuals across the world. but this growth inevitable makes it easier for a malicious third party to find people that can be tricked into certifying keys with forged identities. conclusion the fundamental problem in openpgp usage is finding the correct key and verifying its authenticity. this becomes especially complex given there is no single clear way of determining one’s identity in the internet. normally, openpgp uses a combination of real name and e-mail address, optionally combined with a photograph. however, all of them have their weaknesses. direct identity verification for all recipients is non-practical, and therefore requires indirect certification solutions. while the wot model used by openpgp attempts to avoid centralized trust specific to pki, it is not clear whether it’s practically manageable. on one hand, it requires trusting more people in order to improve coverage; on the other, it makes it more vulnerable to fraud. given all the above, the trust-via-online-presence concept may be of some interest. most importantly, it establishes a closer relationship between the identity you actually need and the identity you verify — e.g. you want to mail the person being an open source developer, author of some specific projects rather than arbitrary person with a common enough name. however, this concept is not established broadly yet. this article shortly explains the historical git weakness regarding handling commits with multiple openpgp signatures in git older than v2.20. the method of creating such commits is presented, and the results of using them are described and analyzed. continue reading two py3status versions in less than a month? that’s the holidays effect but not only! our community has been busy discussing our way forward to 4.0 (see below) and organization so it was time i wrote a bit about that. community a new collaborator first of all we have the great pleasure and honor to welcome maxim baz @maximbaz as a new collaborator on the project! his engagement, numerous contributions and insightful reviews to py3status has made him a well known community member, not to mention his irc support once again, thank you for being there maxim! zen of py3status as a result of an interesting discussion, we worked on defining better how to contribute to py3status as well as a set of guidelines we agree on to get the project moving on smoothly. here is born the zen of py3status which extends the philosophy from the user point of view to the contributor point of view! this allowed us to handle the numerous open pull requests and get their number down to 5 at the time of writing this post! even our dear @lasers have any open pr anymore 3.15 + 3.16 versions our magic @lasers has worked a lot on general modules options as well as adding support for i3-gaps added features such as border coloring and fine tuning. also interesting is the work of thiago kenji okada @m45t3r around nixos packaging of py3status. thanks a lot for this work and for sharing thiago! i also liked the question of andreas lundblad @aioobe asking if we could have a feature allowing to display a custom graphical output, such as a small png or anything upon clicking on the i3bar, you might be interested in following up the i3 issue he opened. make sure to read the amazing changelog for details, a lot of modules have been enhanced! highlights you can now set a background, border colors and their urgent counterparts on a global scale or per module ci now checks for black format on modules, so now all the code base obey the black format style! all http requests based modules now have a standard way to define http timeout as well as the same 10 seconds default timeout py3-cmd now allows sending click events with modifiers the py3status -n /interval command line argument has been removed as it was obsolete. we will ignore it if you have set it up, but better remove it to be clean as it was obsolete. we will ignore it if you have set it up, but better remove it to be clean you can specify your own i3status binary path using the new -u,i3status command line argument thanks to @dettorer and @lasers command line argument thanks to @dettorer and @lasers since yahoo! decided to retire its public & free weather api, the weather_yahoo module has been removed new modules new conky module: display conky system monitoring (#1664), by lasers module: display conky system monitoring (#1664), by lasers new module emerge_status : display information about running gentoo emerge (#1275), by anwariaseu : display information about running gentoo emerge (#1275), by anwariaseu new module hueshift : change your screen color temperature (#1142), by lasers : change your screen color temperature (#1142), by lasers new module mega_sync : to check for mega service synchronization (#1458), by maxim baz : to check for mega service synchronization (#1458), by maxim baz new module speedtest : to check your internet bandwidth (#1435), by cyrinux : to check your internet bandwidth (#1435), by cyrinux new module usbguard : control usbguard from your bar (#1376), by cyrinux : control usbguard from your bar (#1376), by cyrinux new module velib_metropole: display velib metropole stations and (e)bikes (#1515), by cyrinux a word on 4.0 do you wonder what’s gonna be in the 4.0 release? do you have ideas that you’d like to share? do you have dreams that you’d love to become true? then make sure to read and participate in the open rfc on 4.0 version! development has not started yet; we really want to hear from you. thank you contributors! there would be no py3status release without our amazing contributors, so thank you guys! anwariaseu cyrinux dettorer ecks flyingapfopenguin girst jack doan justin j lin keith hughitt l0ric0 lasers maxim baz oceyral simon legner sridhars thiago kenji okada thomas f. duellmann till backhaus it’s fosdem time again! join us at université libre de bruxelles, campus du solbosch, in brussels, belgium. this year’s fosdem 2019 will be held on february 2nd and 3rd. our developers will be happy to greet all open source enthusiasts at our gentoo stand in building k. visit this year’s wiki page to see who’s coming. so far eight developers have specified their attendance, with most likely many more on the way! it’s been almost one month since i had the chance to attend and speak at scylla summit 2018 so i’m relieved to finally publish a short write-up on the key things i wanted to share about this wonderful event! make scylla boring this statement of glauber costa sums up what looked to me to be the main driver of the engineering efforts put into scylla lately: making it work so consistently well on any kind of workload that it’s boring to operate i will follow up on this statement to highlight the things i heard and (hopefully) understood during the summit. i hope you’ll find it insightful. reduced operational efforts the thread-per-core and queues design still has a lot of possibilities to be leveraged. the recent addition of rpc streaming capabilities to seastar allows a drastic reduction in the time it takes the cluster to grow or shrink (data rebalancing / resynchronization). incremental compaction is also very promising as this background process is one of the most expensive there is in the database’s design. i was happy to hear that scylla-manager will soon be made available and free to use with basic features while retaining more advanced ones for enterprise version (like backup/restore). i also noticed that the current version was not supporting ssl enabled clusters to store its configuration. so i directly asked michał for it and i’m glad that it will be released on version 1.3.1. performant multi-tenancy why choose between real-time oltp & analytics olap workloads? the goal here is to be able to run both on the same cluster by giving users the ability to assign “sla” shares to roles. that’s basically like pools on hadoop at a much finer grain since it will create dedicated queues that will be weighted by their share. having one queue per usage and full accounting will allow to limit resources efficiently and users to have their say on their latency slas. but scylla also has a lot to do in the background to run smoothly. so while this design pattern was already applied to tamper compactions, a lot of work has also been done on automatic flow control and back pressure. for instance, materialized views are updated asynchronously which means that while we can interact and put a lot of pressure on the table its based on (called the main table), we could overwhelm the background work that’s needed to keep mvs view tables in sync. to mitigate this, a smart back pressure approach was developed and will throttle the clients to make sure that scylla can manage to do everything at the best performance the hardware allows! i was happy to hear that work on tiered storage is also planned to better optimize disk space costs for certain workloads. last but not least, columnar storage optimized for time series and analytics workloads are also something the developers are looking at. latency is expensive if you care for latency, you might be happy to hear that a new polling api (named iocb_cmd_poll) has been contributed by christoph hellwig and avi kivity to the 4.19 linux kernel which avoids context switching i/o by using a shared ring between kernel and userspace. scylla will be using it by default if the kernel supports it. the iotune utility has been upgraded since 2.3 to generate an enhanced i/o configuration. also, persistent (disk backed) in-memory tables are getting ready and are very promising for latency sensitive workloads! a word on drivers scylladb has been relying on the datastax drivers since the start. while it’s a good thing for the whole community, it’s important to note that the shard-per-cpu approach on data that scylla is using is not known and leveraged by the current drivers. discussions took place and it seems that datastax will not allow the protocol to evolve so that drivers could discover if the connected cluster is shard aware or not and then use this information to be more clever in which write/read path to use. so for now scylladb has been forking and developing their shard aware drivers for java and go (no python yet… i was disappointed). kubernetes & containers the scylladb guys of course couldn’t avoid the kubernetes frenzy so moreno garcia gave a lot of feedback and tips on how to operate scylla on docker with minimal performance degradation. kubernetes has been designed for stateless applications, not stateful ones and docker does some automatic magic that have rather big performance hits on scylla. you will basically have to play with affinities to dedicate one scylla instance to run on one server with a “retain” reclaim policy. remember that the official scylla docker image runs with dev-mode enabled by default which turns off all performance checks on start. so start by disabling that and look at all the tips and literature that moreno has put online! scylla 3.0 a lot has been written on it already so i will just be short on things that important to understand in my point of view. materialized views do back fill the whole data set this job is done by the view building process you can watch its progress in the system_distributed.view_build_status table secondary indexes are materialized views under the hood it’s like a reverse pointer to the primary key of the main table so if you read the whole row by selecting on the indexed column, two reads will be issued under the hood: one on the indexed mv view table to get the primary key and one on the main table to get the rest of the columns so if your workload is mostly interested by the whole row, you’re better off creating a complete mv to read from than using a si this is even more true if you plan to do range scans as this double query could lead you to read from multiple nodes instead of one range scan is way more performant allow filtering finally allows a great flexibility by providing server-side filtering ! random notes support for lwt (lightweight transactions) will be relying on a future implementation of the raft consensus algorithm inside scylla. this work will also benefits materialized views consistency. duarte nunes will be the one working on this and i envy him very much! support for search workloads is high in the scylladb devs priorities so we should definitely hear about it in the coming months. support for “mc” sstables (new generation format) is done and will reduce storage requirements thanks to metadata / data compression. migration will be transparent because scylla can read previous formats as well so it will upgrade your sstables as it compacts them. scylladb developers have not settled on how to best implement cdc. i hope they do rather soon because it is crucial in their ability to integrate well with kafka! materialized views, secondary indexes and filtering will benefit from the work on partition key and indexes intersections to avoid server side filtering on the coordinator. that’s an important optimization to come! last but not least, i’ve had the pleasure to discuss with takuya asada who is the packager of scylla for redhat/centos & debian/ubuntu. we discussed gentoo linux packaging requirements as well as the recent and promising work on a relocatable package. we will collaborate more closely in the future! the tar format is one of the oldest archive formats in use. it comes as no surprise that it is ugly — built as layers of hacks on the older format versions to overcome their limitations. however, given the posix standarization in late 80s and the popularity of gnu tar, you would expect the interoperability problems to be mostly resolved nowadays. this article is directly inspired by my proof-of-concept work on new binary package format for gentoo. my original proposal used volume label to provide user- and file(1)-friendly way of distinguish our binary packages. while it is a gnu tar extension, it falls within posix ustar implementation-defined file format and you would expect that non-compliant implementations would extract it as regular files. what i did not anticipate is that some implementation reject the whole archive instead. this naturally raised more questions on how portable various tar formats actually are. to verify that, i have decided to analyze the standards for possible incompatibility dangers and build a suite of test inputs that could be used to check how various implementations cope with that. this article describes those points and provides test results for a number of implementations. please note that this article is focused merely on read-wise format compatibility. in other words, it establishes how tar files should be written in order to achieve best probability that it will be read correctly afterwards. it does not investigate what formats the listed tools can write and whether they can correctly create archives using specific features. continue reading i’m happy to announce this release as it contains some very interesting developments in the project. this release was focused on core changes. important notice there are now two optional dependencies to py3status: gevent will monkey patch the code to make it concurrent the main benefit is to use an asynchronous loop instead of threads pyudev will enable a udev monitor if a module asks for it (only xrandr so far) the benefit is described below to install them all using pip, simply do: pip install py3status[all] modules can now react/refresh on udev events when pyudev is available, py3status will allow modules to subscribe and react to udev events! the xrandr module uses this feature by default which allows the module to instantly refresh when you plug in or off a secondary monitor. this also allows to stop running the xrandr command in the background and saves a lot of cpu! highlights py3status core uses black formatter fix default i3status.conf detection add ~/.config/i3 as a default config directory, closes #1548 add .config/i3/py3status in default user modules include directories add markup (pango) support for modules (#1408), by @mikayuoadas py3: notify_user module name in the title (#1556), by @lasers print module information to sdtout instead of stderr (#1565), by @robertnf battery_level module: default to using sys instead of acpi (#1562), by @eddie-dunn imap module: fix output formatting issue (#1559), by @girst thank you contributors! eddie-dunn girst mikayuoadas robertnf lasers maximbaz tobes i am once again lagging behind the release blog posts but this one is an important one. i’m proud to announce that our long time contributor @lasers has become an official collaborator of the py3status project! dear @lasers, your amazing energy and overwhelming ideas have served our little community for a while. i’m sure we’ll have a great way forward as we learn to work together with @tobes thank you again very much for everything you do! this release is as much dedicated to you as it is yours important notice after this release, py3status coding style ci will enforce the ‘black‘ formatter style. highlights needless to say that the changelog is huge, as usual, here is a very condensed view: documentation updates, especially on the formatter (thanks @l0ric0) py3 storage: use $xdg_cache_home or ~/.cache formatter: multiple variable and feature fixes and enhancements better config parser new modules: lm_sensors, loadavg, mail, nvidia_smi, sql, timewarrior, wanda_the_fish thank you contributors! lasers tobes maximbaz cyrinux lorenz steinert @l0ric0 wojtex horgix su8 maikel punie on 2018-09-15 meeting, the trustees have given the final stamp of approval to the new gentoo copyright policy outlined in glep 76. this policy is the result of work that has been slowly progressing since 2005, and that has taken considerable speed by the end of 2017. it is a major step forward from the status quo that has been used since the forming of gentoo foundation, and that mostly has been inherited from earlier gentoo technologies. the policy aims to cover all copyright-related aspects, bringing gentoo in line with the practices used in many other large open source projects. most notably, it introduces a concept of gentoo certificate of origin that requires all contributors to confirm that they are entitled to submit their contributions to gentoo, and corrects the copyright attribution policy to be viable under more jurisdictions. this article aims to shortly reiterate over the most important points in the new copyright policy, and provide a detailed guide on following it in q&a form. continue reading with qt5 gaining support for high-dpi displays, and applications starting to exercise that support, it’s easy for applications to suddenly become unusable with some screens. for example, my old samsung tv reported itself as 7″ screen. while this used not to really matter with websites forcing you to force the resolution of 96 dpi, the high-dpi applications started scaling themselves to occupy most of my screen, with elements becoming really huge (and ugly, apparently due to some poor scaling). it turns out that it is really hard to find a solution for this. most of the guides and tips are focused either on proprietary drivers or on getting custom resolutions. the displaysize specification in xorg.conf apparently did not change anything either. finally, i was able to resolve the issue by overriding the edid data for my screen. this guide explains how i did it. step 1: dump edid data firstly, you need to get the edid data from your monitor. supposedly read-edid tool could be used for this purpose but it did not work for me. with only a little bit more effort, you can get it e.g. from xrandr: $ xrandr --verbose [...] hdmi-0 connected primary 1920x1080+0+0 (0x57) normal (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 708mm x 398mm [...] edid: 00ffffffffffff004c2dfb0400000000 2f120103804728780aee91a3544c9926 0f5054bdef80714f8100814081809500 950fb300a940023a801871382d40582c 4500c48e2100001e662150b051001b30 40703600c48e2100001e000000fd0018 4b1a5117000a2020202020200000000a 0053414d53554e470a20202020200143 020323f14b901f041305140312202122 2309070783010000e2000f67030c0010 00b82d011d007251d01e206e285500c4 8e2100001e011d00bc52d01e20b82855 40c48e2100001e011d8018711c162058 2c2500c48e2100009e011d80d0721c16 20102c2580c48e2100009e0000000000 00000000000000000000000000000029 [...] if you have multiple displays connected, make sure to use the edid for the one you’re overriding. copy the hexdump and convert it to a binary blob. you can do this by passing it through xxd -p -r (installed by vim). step 2: fix screen dimensions once you have the edid blob ready, you need to update the screen dimensions inside it. initially, i did it using hex editor which involved finding all the occurrences, updating them (and manually encoding into the weird split-integers) and correcting the checksums. then, i’ve written edid-fixdim so you wouldn’t have to repeat that experience. first, use --get option to verify that your edid is supported correctly: $ edid-fixdim -g edid.bin edid structure: 71 cm x 40 cm detailed timing desc: 708 mm x 398 mm detailed timing desc: 708 mm x 398 mm cea edid found detailed timing desc: 708 mm x 398 mm detailed timing desc: 708 mm x 398 mm detailed timing desc: 708 mm x 398 mm detailed timing desc: 708 mm x 398 mm so your edid consists of basic edid structure, followed by one extension block. the screen dimensions are stored in 7 different blocks you’d have to update, and referenced in two checksums. the tool will take care of updating it all for you, so just pass the correct dimensions to --set : $ edid-fixdim -s 1600x900 edid.bin edid structure updated to 160 cm x 90 cm detailed timing desc updated to 1600 mm x 900 mm detailed timing desc updated to 1600 mm x 900 mm cea edid found detailed timing desc updated to 1600 mm x 900 mm detailed timing desc updated to 1600 mm x 900 mm detailed timing desc updated to 1600 mm x 900 mm detailed timing desc updated to 1600 mm x 900 mm afterwards, you can use --get again to verify that the changes were made correctly. step 3: overriding edid data now it’s just the matter of putting the override in motion. first, make sure to enable config_drm_load_edid_firmware in your kernel: device drivers ---> graphics support ---> direct rendering manager (xfree86 4.1.0 and higher dri support) ---> [*] allow to specify an edid data set instead of probing for it then, determine the correct connector name. you can find it in dmesg output: $ dmesg | grep -c 1 connector [ 15.192088] [drm] ib test on ring 5 succeeded [ 15.193461] [drm] radeon display connectors [ 15.193524] [drm] connector 0: [ 15.193580] [drm] hdmi-a-1 -- [ 15.193800] [drm] dfp1: internal_uniphy1 [ 15.193857] [drm] connector 1: [ 15.193911] [drm] dvi-i-1 -- [ 15.194210] [drm] crt1: internal_kldscp_dac1 [ 15.194267] [drm] connector 2: [ 15.194322] [drm] vga-1 copy the new edid blob into location of your choice inside /lib/firmware : $ mkdir /lib/firmware/edid $ cp edid.bin /lib/firmware/edid/samsung.bin finally, add the override to your kernel command-line: drm.edid_firmware=hdmi-a-1:edid/samsung.bin if everything went fine, xrandr should report correct screen dimensions after next reboot, and dmesg should report that edid override has been loaded: $ dmesg | grep edid [ 15.549063] [drm] got external edid base block and 1 extension from "edid/samsung.bin" for connector "hdmi-a-1" if it didn't, check dmesg for error messages. gentoo would like to congratulate gibix and jsteward for finishing and passing google’s summer of code for the 2018 calendar year. gibix contributed by enhancing rust (programming language) support within gentoo. jsteward contributed by making a full gentoo gnu/linux distribution, managed by portage, run on devices which use the original android-customized kernel. the final reports of their projects can be reviewed on their personal blogs: gibix: journey into gentoo eclass, gsoc timeline jsteward: final_report i have recently worked on enabling 2-step authentication via ssh on the gentoo developer machine. i have selected google-authenticator-libpam amongst different available implementations as it seemed the best maintained and having all the necessary features, including a friendly tool for users to configure it. however, its design has a weakness: it stores the secret unprotected in user’s home directory. this means that if an attacker manages to gain at least temporary access to the filesystem with user’s privileges — through a malicious process, vulnerability or simply because someone left the computer unattended for a minute — he can trivially read the secret and therefore clone the token source without leaving a trace. it would completely defeat the purpose of the second step, and the user may not even notice until the attacker makes real use of the stolen secret. in order to protect against this, i’ve created google-authenticator-wrappers (as upstream decided to ignore the problem). this package provides a rather trivial setuid wrapper that manages a write-only, authentication-protected secret store for the pam module. additionally, it comes with a test program (so you can test the otp setup without jumping through the hoops or risking losing access) and friendly wrappers for the default setup, as used on gentoo infra. the recommended setup (as utilized by sys-auth/google-authenticator-wrappers package) is to use a dedicated user for the password store. in this scenario, the users are unable to read their secrets, and all secret operations (including authentication via the pam module) are done using an unprivileged user. furthermore, any operation regarding the configuration (either updating it or removing the second step) require regular pam authentication (e.g. typing your own password). this is consistent with e.g. how shadow operates (users read their passwords, nor update them without authenticating first), how most sites using 2-factor authentication operate (again, users read their secrets) and follows the rfc 6238 recommendation (that keys […] should be protected against unauthorized access and usage ). it solves the aforementioned issue by preventing user-privileged processes from reading the secrets and recovery codes. furthermore, it prevents the attacker with this particular level of access from disabling 2-step authentication, changing the secret or even weakening the configuration. integricloud gave me access to their infrastructure to track some issues on ppc64 and ppc64le. since some of the issues are related to the compilers, i obviously installed gentoo on it and in the process i started to fix some issues with catalyst to get a working install media, but that’s for another blogpost. today i’m just giving a walk-through on how to get a ppc64le (and ppc64 soon) vm up and running. preparation read this and get your install media available to your instance. install media i’m using the gentoo installcd i’m currently refining. booting you have to append console=hvc0 to your boot command, the boot process might figure it out for you on newer install medias (i still have to send patches to update livecd-tools) network configuration you have to manually setup the network. you can use ifconfig and route or ip as you like, refer to your instance setup for the parameters. ifconfig enp0s0 ${ip}/16 route add -net default gw ${gw} echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf ip a add ${ip}/16 dev enp0s0 ip l set enp0s0 up ip r add default via ${gw} echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf disk setup openfirmware seems to like gpt much better: parted /dev/sda mklabel gpt you may use fdisk to create: – a powerpc prep boot partition of 8m – root partition with the remaining space device start end sectors size type /dev/sda1 2048 18431 16384 8m powerpc prep boot /dev/sda2 18432 33554654 33536223 16g linux filesystem i’m using btrfs and zstd-compress /usr/portage and /usr/src/ . mkfs.btrfs /dev/sda2 initial setup it is pretty much the usual. mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/gentoo cd /mnt/gentoo wget https://dev.gentoo.org/~mattst88/ppc-stages/stage3-ppc64le-20180810.tar.xz tar -xpf stage3-ppc64le-20180810.tar.xz mount -o bind /dev dev mount -t devpts devpts dev/pts mount -t proc proc proc mount -t sysfs sys sys cp /etc/resolv.conf etc chroot . you just have to emerge grub and gentoo-sources , i diverge from the defconfig by making btrfs builtin. my /etc/portage/make.conf : cflags="-o3 -mcpu=power9 -pipe" # warning: changing your chost is not something that should be done lightly. # please consult https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/changing_the_chost_variable beforee changing. chost="powerpc64le-unknown-linux-gnu" # note: this stage was built with the bindist use flag enabled portdir="/usr/portage" distdir="/usr/portage/distfiles" pkgdir="/usr/portage/packages" use="ibm altivec vsx" # this sets the language of build output to english. # please keep this setting intact when reporting bugs. lc_messages=c accept_keywords=~ppc64 makeopts="-j4 -l6" emerge_default_opts="--jobs 10 --load-average 6 " my minimal set of packages i need before booting: emerge grub gentoo-sources vim btrfs-progs openssh note: you want to emerge again openssh and make sure bindist is not in your use . kernel & bootloader cd /usr/src/linux make defconfig make menuconfig # i want btrfs builtin so i can avoid a initrd make -j 10 all && make install && make modules_install grub-install /dev/sda1 grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg note: make sure you pass /dev/sda1 otherwise grub will happily assume openfirmware knows about btrfs and just point it to your directory. that’s not the case unfortunately. networking i’m using netifrc and i’m using the eth0-naming-convention. touch /etc/udev/rules.d/80-net-name-slot.rules ln -sf /etc/init.d/net.{lo,eth0} echo -e "config_eth0=\"${ip}/16\" routes_eth0="default via ${gw}\" dns_servers_eth0=\"8.8.8.8\"" > /etc/conf.d/net password and ssh even if the mticlient is quite nice, you would rather use ssh as much as you could. passwd rc-update add sshd default finishing touches right now sysvinit does not add the hvc0 console as it should due to a profile quirk, for now check /etc/inittab and in case add: echo 'hvc0:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -l 9600 hvc0' >> /etc/inittab add your user and add your ssh key and you are ready to use your new system! did you know that new* helpers can read from stdin? well, now you know! so instead of writing to a temporary file you can install your inline text straight to the destination: src_install() { # old code cat <<-eof >"${t}"/mywrapper || die #!/bin/sh exec do-something --with-some-argument eof dobin "${t}"/mywrapper # replacement newbin - mywrapper <<-eof #!/bin/sh exec do-something --with-some-argument eof } the recent efforts on improving the security of different areas of gentoo have brought some arguments. some time ago one of the developers has considered whether he would withstand physical violence if an attacker would use it in order to compromise gentoo. a few days later another developer has suggested that an attacker could pay gentoo developers to compromise the distribution. is this a real threat to gentoo? are we all doomed? before i answer this question, let me make an important presumption. gentoo is a community-driven open source project. as such, it has certain inherent weaknesses and there is no way around them without changing what gentoo fundamentally is. those weaknesses are common to all projects of the same nature. gentoo could indeed be compromised if developers are subject to the threat of violence to themselves or their families. as for money, i want to insult anyone and i think it really matters. the fact is, gentoo is vulnerable to any adversary resourceful enough, and there are certainly both easier and cheaper ways than the two mentioned. for example, the adversary could get a new developer recruited, or simply trick one of the existing developers into compromising the distribution. it just takes one developer out of ~150. as i said, there is no way around that without making major changes to the organizational structure of gentoo. those changes would probably do more harm to gentoo than good. we can just admit that we fully protect gentoo from focused attack of a resourceful adversary, and all we can do is to limit the potential damage, detect it quickly and counteract the best we can. however, in reality random probes and script kiddie attacks that focus on trivial technical vulnerabilities are more likely, and that’s what the security efforts end up focusing on. as last year, there will be a gentoo booth again at the upcoming froscon “free and open source conference” in st. augustin near bonn! visitors can meet gentoo developers to ask any question, get gentoo swag, and prepare, configure, and compile their own gentoo buttons. the conference is 25th and 26th of august 2018, and there is no entry fee. see you there! this quick article is a wrap up for reference on how to connect to scylladb using spark 2 when authentication and ssl are enforced for the clients on the scylla cluster. we encountered multiple problems, even more since we distribute our workload using a yarn cluster so that our worker nodes should have everything they need to connect properly to scylla. we found very little help online so i hope it will serve anyone facing similar issues (that’s also why i copy/pasted them here). the authentication part is easy going by itself and was not the source of our problems, ssl on the client side was. environment (py)spark: 2.1.0.cloudera2 spark-cassandra-connector: datastax:spark-cassandra-connector: 2.0.1-s_2.11 python: 3.5.5 java: 1.8.0_144 scylladb: 2.1.5 ssl cipher setup the datastax spark cassandra driver uses default the tls_rsa_with_aes_256_cbc_sha cipher that the jvm does not support by default. this raises the following error when connecting to scylla: 18/07/18 13:13:41 warn channel.channelinitializer: failed to initialize a channel. closing: [id: 0x8d6f78a7] java.lang.illegalargumentexception: cannot support tls_rsa_with_aes_256_cbc_sha with currently installed providers according to the ssl documentation we have two ciphers available: tls_rsa_with_aes_256_cbc_sha tls_rsa_with_aes_128_cbc_sha we can get get rid of the error by lowering the cipher to tls_rsa_with_aes_128_cbc_sha using the following configuration: .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.enabledalgorithms", "tls_rsa_with_aes_128_cbc_sha")\ however, this is not really a good solution and instead we’d be inclined to use the tls_rsa_with_aes_256_cbc_sha version. for this we need to follow this datastax’s procedure. then we need to deploy the jce security jars on our all client nodes, if using yarn like us this means that you have to deploy these jars to all your nodemanager nodes. for example by hand: # unzip jce_policy-8.zip # cp unlimitedjcepolicyjdk8/*.jar /opt/oracle-jdk-bin-1.8.0.144/jre/lib/security/ java trust store when connecting, the clients need to be able to validate the scylla cluster’s self-signed ca. this is done by setting up a truststore jks file and providing it to the spark connector configuration (note that you protect this file with a password). keystore vs truststore in ssl handshake purpose of truststore is to verify credentials and purpose of keystore is to provide credentials. keystore in java stores private key and certificates corresponding to the public keys and is required if you are a ssl server or ssl requires client authentication. truststore stores certificates from third parties or your own self-signed certificates, your application identify and validates them using this truststore. the spark-cassandra-connector documentation has two options to handle keystore and truststore. when we did not use the truststore option, we would get some obscure error when connecting to scylla: com.datastax.driver.core.exceptions.transportexception: [node/1.1.1.1:9042] channel has been closed when enabling debug logging, we get a clearer error which indicated a failure in validating the ssl certificate provided by the scylla server node: caused by: sun.security.validator.validatorexception: pkix path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.suncertpathbuilderexception: unable to find valid certification path to requested target setting up the truststore jks you need to have the self-signed ca public certificate file, then issue the following command: # keytool -importcert -file /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/my_self_signed_ca.crt -keystore company_truststore.jks -noprompt enter keystore password: re-enter new password: certificate was added to keystore using the truststore now you need to configure spark to use the truststore like this: .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.truststore.password", "password")\ .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.truststore.path", "company_truststore.jks")\ spark ssl configuration example this wraps up the ssl connection configuration used for spark. this example uses pyspark2 and reads a table in scylla from a yarn cluster: $ pyspark2 --packages datastax:spark-cassandra-connector:2.0.1-s_2.11 --files company_truststore.jks >>> spark = sparksession.builder.appname("scylla_app")\ .config("spark.cassandra.auth.password", "test")\ .config("spark.cassandra.auth.username", "test")\ .config("spark.cassandra.connection.host", "node1,node2,node3")\ .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.clientauth.enabled", true)\ .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.enabled", true)\ .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.truststore.password", "password")\ .config("spark.cassandra.connection.ssl.truststore.path", "company_truststore.jks")\ .config("spark.cassandra.input.split.size_in_mb", 1)\ .config("spark.yarn.queue", "scylla_queue").getorcreate() >>> df = spark.read.format("org.apache.spark.sql.cassandra").options(table="my_table", keyspace="test").load() >>> df.show() i felt like sharing a recent story that allowed us identify a bot in a haystack thanks to scylla. the scenario while working on loading up 2b+ of rows into scylla from hive (using spark), we noticed a strange behaviour in the performances of one of our nodes: so we started wondering why that server in blue was having those peaks of load and was clearly diverging from the two others… as we obviously expect the three nodes to behave the same, there were two options on the table: hardware problem on the node bad data distribution (bad schema design? consistent hash problem?) we shared this with our pals from scylladb and started working on finding out what was going on. the investigation hardware? hardware problem was pretty quickly evicted, nothing showed up on the monitoring and on the kernel logs. i/o queues and throughput were good: data distribution? avi kivity (scylladb’s cto) quickly got the feeling that something was wrong with the data distribution and that we could be facing a hotspot situation. he quickly nailed it down to shard 44 thanks to the scylla-grafana-monitoring platform. data is distributed between shards that are stored on nodes (consistent hash ring). this distribution is done by hashing the primary key of your data which dictates the shard it belongs to (and thus the node(s) where the shard is stored). if one of your keys is over represented in your original data set, then the shard it belongs to can be overly populated and the related node overloaded. this is called a hotspot situation. tracing queries the first step was to trace queries in scylla to try to get deeper into the hotspot analysis. so we enabled tracing using the following formula to get about 1 trace per second in the system_traces namespace. tracing probability = 1 / expected requests per second throughput in our case, we were doing between 90k req/s and 150k req/s so we settled for 100k req/s to be safe and enabled tracing on our nodes like this: # nodetool settraceprobability 0.00001 turns out tracing didn’t help very much in our case because the traces do not include the query parameters in scylla 2.1, it is becoming available in the soon to be released 2.2 version. note: traces expire on the tables, make sure your truncate the events and sessions tables while iterating. else you will have to wait for the next gc_grace_period (10 days by default) before they are actually removed. if you do not do that and generate millions of traces like we did, querying the mentioned tables will likely time out because of the “tombstoned” rows even if there is no trace inside any more. looking at cfhistograms glauber costa was also helping on the case and got us looking at the cfhistograms of the tables we were pushing data to. that proved to be clearly highlighting a hotspot problem: histograms percentile sstables write latency read latency partition size cell count (micros) (micros) (bytes) 50% 0,00 6,00 0,00 258 2 75% 0,00 6,00 0,00 535 5 95% 0,00 8,00 0,00 1916 24 98% 0,00 11,72 0,00 3311 50 99% 0,00 28,46 0,00 5722 72 min 0,00 2,00 0,00 104 0 max 0,00 45359,00 0,00 14530764 182785 what this basically means is that 99% percentile of our partitions are small (5kb) while the biggest is 14mb! that’s a huge difference and clearly shows that we have a hotspot on a partition somewhere. so now we know for sure that we have an over represented key in our data set, but what key is it and why? the culprit so we looked at the cardinality of our data set keys which are sha256 hashes and found out that indeed we had one with more than 1m occurrences while the second highest one was around 100k!… now that we had the main culprit hash, we turned to our data streaming pipeline to figure out what kind of event was generating the data associated to the given sha256 hash… and surprise! it was a client’s quality assurance bot that was constantly browsing their own website with legitimate behaviour and identity credentials associated to it. so we modified our pipeline to detect this bot and discard its events so that it stops polluting our databases with fake data. then we cleaned up the million of events worth of mess and traces we stored about the bot. the aftermath finally, we cleared out the data in scylla and tried again from scratch. needless to say that the curves got way better and are exactly what we should expect from a well balanced cluster: thanks a lot to the scylladb team for their thorough help and high spirited support! i’ll quote them conclude this quick blog post: turns out i should read things like the gentoo wiki upgrade guide *first* to avoid issues .. after installing php 7.1 to replace the (quite old) php 5.6 i did check php.ini ,.. but forgot to check for compiled modules and setting php_targets .. then wondered why i just got internal server error messages.. thanks to the php team for writing this nice guide to remind people like me of what to do: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/php/upgrading_to_php_7.1 as always the gentoo wiki is a great source of information, and i like to use it as a reminder of the things needed when installing/upgrading,.. ;) several news outlets are reporting on the takeover of the gentoo github organization that was announced recently. today 28 june at approximately 20:20 utc unknown individuals have gained control of the github gentoo organization, and modified the content of repositories as well as pages there. we are still working to determine the exact extent and … continue reading "my comments on the gentoo github hack" 2018-07-04 14:00 utc we believe this incident is now resolved. please see the incident report for details about the incident, its impact, and resolution. 2018-06-29 15:15 utc the community raised questions about the provenance of gentoo packages. gentoo development is performed on hardware run by the gentoo infrastructure team (not github ). the gentoo hardware was unaffected by this incident. users using the default gentoo mirroring infrastructure should not be affected. if you are still concerned about provenance or are unsure what solution you are using, please consult https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/project:portage/repository_verification. this will instruct you on how to verify your repository. 2018-06-29 06:45 utc the gentoo github organization remains temporarily locked down by github support, pending fixes to pull-request content. for ongoing status, please see the gentoo infra-status incident page. for later followup, please see the gentoo wiki page for github 2018-06-28. an incident post-mortem will follow on the wiki. repology is monitoring package repositories across linux distributions. by now, atom feeds of per-maintainer outdated packages that i was waiting for have been implemented. so i subscribed to my own gentoo feed using net-mail/rss2email and now repology notifies me via e-mail of new upstream releases that other linux distros have packaged that i still need to bump in gentoo. in my case, it brought an update of dev-vcs/svn2git to my attention that i would have missed (or heard about later), otherwise. based on this comment, repology may soon do release detection upstream similar to what euscan does, as well. since i don't write anything here for almost 2 years, i think it is time for some short updates: i left redhat and moved to berlin, germany, in march 2017. the series of posts about balde was stopped. the first post got a lot of hacker news attention, and i will come back with it as soon as i can implement the required changes in the framework. not going to happen very soon, though. i've been spending most of my free time with flight simulation. you can expect a few related posts soon. i left the gentoo gsoc administration this year. blogc is the only project that is currently getting some frequent attention from me, as i use it for most of my websites. check it out! ;-) that's all for now. in portage-2.3.30, portage’s python api provides an asyncio event loop policy via a defaulteventlooppolicy class. for example, here’s a little program that uses portage’s defaulteventlooppolicy to do the same thing as emerge --regen, using an async_iter_completed function to implement the --jobs and --load-average options: #!/usr/bin/env python from __future__ import print_function import argparse import functools import multiprocessing import operator import portage from portage.util.futures.iter_completed import ( async_iter_completed, ) from portage.util.futures.unix_events import ( defaulteventlooppolicy, ) def handle_result(cpv, future): metadata = dict(zip(portage.auxdbkeys, future.result())) print(cpv) for k, v in sorted(metadata.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(0)): if v: print('\t{}: {}'.format(k, v)) print() def future_generator(repo_location, loop=none): portdb = portage.portdb for cp in portdb.cp_all(trees=[repo_location]): for cpv in portdb.cp_list(cp, mytree=repo_location): future = portdb.async_aux_get( cpv, portage.auxdbkeys, mytree=repo_location, loop=loop, ) future.add_done_callback( functools.partial(handle_result, cpv)) yield future def main(): parser = argparse.argumentparser() parser.add_argument( '--repo', action='store', default='gentoo', ) parser.add_argument( '--jobs', action='store', type=int, default=multiprocessing.cpu_count(), ) parser.add_argument( '--load-average', action='store', type=float, default=multiprocessing.cpu_count(), ) args = parser.parse_args() try: repo_location = portage.settings.repositories.\ get_location_for_name(args.repo) except keyerror: parser.error('unknown repo: {} available repos: {}'.\ format(args.repo, ' '.join(sorted( repo.name for repo in portage.settings.repositories)))) policy = defaulteventlooppolicy() loop = policy.get_event_loop() try: for future_done_set in async_iter_completed( future_generator(repo_location, loop=loop), max_jobs=args.jobs, max_load=args.load_average, loop=loop): loop.run_until_complete(future_done_set) finally: loop.close() if __name__ == '__main__': main() another long awaited release has come true thanks to our community! the changelog is so huge that i had to open an issue and cry for help to make it happen… thanks again @lasers for stepping up once again highlights gevent support (-g option) to switch from threads scheduling to greenlets and reduce resources consumption (-g option) to switch from threads scheduling to greenlets and reduce resources consumption environment variables support in i3status.conf to remove sensible information from your config in i3status.conf to remove sensible information from your config modules can now leverage a persistent data store hundreds of improvements for various modules for various modules we now have an official debian package we reached 500 stars on github #vanity milestone 3.9 try to release a version faster than every 4 months (j/k) the next release will focus on bugs and modules improvements / standardization. thanks contributors! this release is their work, thanks a lot guys! alex o’neill anubiann00b cypher1 daniel foerster daniel schaefer girst igor grebenkov james curtis lasers maxim baz nollain raspbeguy regnat robert ricci sébastien delafond themistokle benetatos tobes woland thanks to the enlightenment devs for fixing this ;) no lock screen sucks :d https://www.enlightenment.org/news/e0.22.3_release also it is in my gentoo dev overlay as of now. so a while ago i cleaned out my dev overlay and added dev-libs/efl-1.20.7 and x11-wm/enlightenment-0.22.1 (and 0.22.2) works for me at the moment (except the screen (un-)lock) but not sure if that has to do with my box. any testers welcome here's the link: https://gitweb.gentoo.org/dev/lordvan.git/ oh and i added it to layman's repo list again, so gentoo users can easily just " layman -a lordvan " to test it. on a side note: 0.22.1 gave me trouble with a 2nd screen plugged in, which seems fixed in 0.22.2, but that has (pam related) problems with the lock screen .. probably not new but was new to me: just ran into this larry the cow tattoo online: http://www.geekytattoos.com/larry-the-gender-challenged-cow/ just a quick post about how to run ucs (core edition in my case) with kvm on gentoo. first off i go with the assumption that kvm is working (kernel, config,..) qemu is installed (+ init scripts) bridge networking is set up and working if any of the above are not yet set up: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/qemu first download the virtualbox image from https://www.univention.de/download/ . further for the kvm name i use ucs-dc next we convert the image to qcow2: qemu-img convert -f vmdk -o qcow2 ucs-dc/ucs-dc-virtualbox-disk1.vmdk ucs-dc_disk1.qcow2 create your init script link: cd /etc/init.d; ln -s qemu kvm.ucs-dc then in /etc/conf.d copy qemu.conf.example to kvm.ucs-dc check / change the following: change the macaddr (it includes a command line to generate one) -- the reason this is first is, that if you forget you might spend hours - like me - trying to find out why your network is not working .. qemu_type="x86_64" nic_type=br point diskimage= to your qcow2 file enable_kvm=1 (believe me disabling kvm is noticeable) adjust memory (i set it to 2gb for the dc) and smp (i set that to 2) foreground="vnc=:<port>" - so you can connect to your console using vnc check the other stuff if it applies to you (other_args is quite useful for example to also add a cd/usb emulation of a rescue disk,.. run it with /etc/init.d/kvm.ucs-dc start connect with your favourite vnc client and set up your ucs server. one thing i did on the fileserver instance (i run 3 ucs kvms at the moment - dc, backup-dc and file server): i created a lvm volume for the file share on the host, and mapped it to the kvm - here's the config line: other_args="-drive format=raw,file=/dev/mapper/<your volume devide>,if=virtio,aio=native,cache.direct=on" works great for me, and i will also add another one for other shares later i think. but this way if i really have any vm problems my files are just on the lvm device and i can get to it easily (also there are lvm snapshots,.. that could be useful eventually) because i keep forgetting stuff i need to do (or the order) here a very quick overview: install trytond, modules + deps (on gentoo add the tryton overlay and just emerge) if you don't use sqlite create a user (and database) for tryton. gentoo init scripts use /etc/conf.d/trytond (here's mine): # location of the configuration file config=/etc/tryton/trytond.conf # location of the logging configuration file logconf=/etc/tryton/logging.conf # the database names to load (space separated) databases=tryton since it took me a while to find a working logging.conf example here's my working one: [formatters] keys=simple [handlers] keys=rotate,console [loggers] keys=root [formatter_simple] format=%(asctime)s] %(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s datefmt=%a %b %d %h:%m:%s %y [handler_rotate] class=handlers.timedrotatingfilehandler args=('/var/log/trytond/trytond.log', 'd', 1, 120) formatter=simple [handler_console] class=streamhandler formatter=simple args=(sys.stdout,) [logger_root] level=info handlers=rotate,console (not going into details here, if you want to know more there are plenty of resources online) as for config i went and got an example online (from open suse) and modified it: # /etc/tryton/trytond.conf - configuration file for tryton server (trytond) # # this file contains the most common settings for trytond (defaults # are commented). # for more information read # /usr/share/doc/trytond-<version>/ [database] # database related settings # the uri to connect to the sql database (following rfc-3986) # uri = database://username:password@host:port/ # (internal default: sqlite:// (i.e. a local sqlite database)) # # postgresql via unix domain sockets # (e.g. postgresql database running on the same machine (localhost)) #uri = postgresql://tryton:tryton@/ # #default setting for a local postgres database #uri = postgresql:/// # # postgresql via tcp/ip # (e.g. connecting to a postgresql database running on a remote machine or # by means of md5 authentication. needs postgresql to be configured to accept # those connections (pg_hba.conf).) #uri = postgresql://tryton:tryton@localhost:5432/ uri = postgresql://tryton:mypassword@localhost:5432/ # the path to the directory where the tryton server stores files. # the server must have write permissions to this directory. # (internal default: /var/lib/trytond) path = /var/lib/tryton # shall available databases be listed in the client? #list = true # the number of retries of the tryton server when there are errors # in a request to the database #retry = 5 # the primary language, that is used to store entries in translatable # fields into the database. #language = en_us language = de_at [ssl] # ssl settings # activation of ssl for all available protocols. # uncomment the following settings for key and certificate # to enable ssl. # the path to the private key #privatekey = /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key # the path to the certificate #certificate = /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem [jsonrpc] # settings for the json-rpc network interface # the ip/host and port number of the interface # (internal default: localhost:8000) # # listen on all interfaces (ipv4) listen = 0.0.0.0:8000 # # listen on all interfaces (ipv4 and ipv6) #listen = [::]:8000 # the hostname for this interface #hostname = # the root path to retrieve data for get requests #data = jsondata [xmlrpc] # settings for the xml-rpc network interface # the ip/host and port number of the interface #listen = localhost:8069 [webdav] # settings for the webdav network interface # the ip/host and port number of the interface #listen = localhost:8080 listen = 0.0.0.0:8080 [session] # session settings # the time (in seconds) until an inactive session expires timeout = 3600 # the server administration password used by the client for # the execution of database management tasks. it is encrypted # using using the unix crypt(3) routine. a password can be # generated using the following command line (on one line): # $ python -c 'import getpass,crypt,random,string; \ # print crypt.crypt(getpass.getpass(), \ # "".join(random.sample(string.ascii_letters + string.digits, 8)))' # example password with 'admin' #super_pwd = jkubzgvfneugk super_pwd = <your pwd> [email] # mail settings # the uri to connect to the smtp server. # available protocols are: # - smtp: simple smtp # - smtp+tls: smtp with starttls # - smtps: smtp with ssl #uri = smtp://localhost:25 uri = smtp://localhost:25 # the from address used by the tryton server to send emails. from = tryton@<your-domain.tld> [report] # report settings # unoconv parameters for connection to the unoconv service. #unoconv = pipe,name=trytond;urp;staroffice.componentcontext # module settings # # some modules are reading configuration parameters from this # configuration file. these settings only apply when those modules # are installed. # #[ldap_authentication] # the uri to connect to the ldap server. #uri = ldap://host:port/dn?attributes?scope?filter?extensions # a basic default url could look like #uri = ldap://localhost:389/ [web] # path for the web-frontend #root = /usr/lib/node-modules/tryton-sao listen = 0.0.0.0:8000 root = /usr/share/sao set up the database tables, modules, superuser trytond-admin -c /etc/tryton/trytond.conf -d tryton --all should you forget to set your superuser password (or need to change it later): trytond-admin -c /etc/tryton/trytond.conf -d tryton -p it's now time to connect a client to it and enable & configure the modules (make sure to finish the basic configuration (including accounts,..) otherwise you have to either restart, or know what exactly needs to be set up accounting wise ! configure user(s) enable account_eu (config and setup take a while) set up company create a party for it assign currency and timezone set up chart of accounts from the template (only do this manually if you really know what you - and tryton - needs !!) choose company & pick the template (e.g. "minimaler kontenplan" (if using german) ) set the defaults (only one per option usually) after applying the above activate and configure whatever else you need (sale, timesheet, ...) during this you can watch trytond.log to see what happens behind the scenes (e.g. country module takes a while,..) how to add languages: administration -> localization -> languages -> add the language and set it to active and translatable if you install new modules or languages run trytond-admin ... --all again (see above) in my previous blog post, i shared 7 lessons on our experience in evaluating scylla for production. those lessons were focused on the setup and execution of the poc and i promised a more technical blog post with technical details and lessons learned from the poc, here it is! before you read on, be mindful that our poc was set up to test workloads and workflows, not to benchmark technologies. so even if the scylla figures are great, they have not been the main drivers of the actual conclusion of the poc. business context as a data driven company working in the marketing and advertising industry, we help our clients make sense of multiple sources of data to build and improve their relationship with their customers and prospects. dealing with multiple sources of data is nothing new but their volume has dramatically changed during the past decade. i will spare you with the big-data-means-nothing term and the technical challenges that comes with it as you already heard enough of it. still, it is clear that our line of business is tied to our capacity at mixing and correlating a massive amount of different types of events (data sources/types) coming from various sources which all have their own identifiers (think primary keys): web navigation tracking: identifier is a cookie that’s tied to the tracking domain (we have our own) crm databases: usually the email address or an internal account id serve as an identifier partners’ digital platform: identifier is also a cookie tied to their tracking domain to try to make things simple, let’s take a concrete example: you work for unicef and want to optimize their banner ads budget by targeting the donors of their last fundraising campaign. your reference user database is composed of the donors who registered with their email address on the last campaign: main identifier is the email address. to buy web display ads, you use an ad exchange partner such as appnexus or doubleclick (google). from their point of view, users are seen as cookie ids which are tied to their own domain. so you basically need to be able to translate an email address to a cookie id for every partner you work with. use case: id matching tables we operate and maintain huge id matching tables for every partner and a great deal of our time is spent translating those ids from one to another. in sql terms, we are basically doing joins between a dataset and those id matching tables. you select your reference population you join it with the corresponding id matching table you get a matched population that your partner can recognize and interact with those id matching tables have a pretty high read and write throughput because they’re updated and queried all the time. usual figures are joins between a 10+ million dataset and 1.5+ billion id matching tables. the reference query basically looks like this: select count(m.partnerid) from population_10m_rows as p join partner_id_match_400m_rows as m on p.id = m.id current implementations we operate a lambda architecture where we handle real time id matching using mongodb and batch ones using hive (apache hadoop). the first downside to note is that it requires us to maintain two copies of every id matching table. we also couldn’t choose one over the other because neither mongodb nor hive can sustain both the read/write lookup/update ratio while performing within the low latencies that we need. this is an operational burden and requires quite a bunch of engineering to ensure data consistency between different data stores. production hardware overview: mongodb is running on a 15 nodes (5 shards) cluster 64gb ram, 2 sockets, raid10 sas spinning disks, 10gbps dual nic hive is running on 50+ yarn nodemanager instances 128gb ram, 2 sockets, jbod sas spinning disks, 10gbps dual nic target implementation the key question is simple: is there a technology out there that can sustain our id matching tables workloads while maintaining consistently low upsert/write and lookup/read latencies? having one technology to handle both use cases would allow: simpler data consistency operational simplicity and efficiency reduced costs poc hardware overview: so we decided to find out if scylla could be that technology. for this, we used three decommissioned machines that we had in the basement of our paris office. 2 dell r510 19gb ram, 2 socket 8 cores, raid0 sas spinning disks, 1gbps nic 1 dell r710 19gb ram, 2 socket 4 cores, raid0 sas spinning disks, 1gbps nic i know, these are not glamorous machines and they are even inconsistent in specs, but we still set up a 3 node scylla cluster running gentoo linux with them. our take? if those three lousy machines can challenge or beat the production machines on our current workloads, then scylla can seriously be considered for production. step 1: validate a schema model once the poc document was complete and the scylladb team understood what we were trying to do, we started iterating on the schema model using a query based modeling strategy. so we wrote down and rated the questions that our model(s) should answer to, they included stuff like: what are all our cookie ids associated to the given partner id ? what are all the cookie ids associated to the given partner id over the last n months ? what is the last cookie id/date for the given partner id ? what is the last date we have seen the given cookie id / partner id couple ? as you can imagine, the reverse questions are also to be answered so id translations can be done both ways (ouch!). prototyping this is no news that i’m a python addict so i did all my prototyping using python and the cassandra-driver. i ended up using a test-driven data modelling strategy using pytest. i wrote tests on my dataset so i could concentrate on the model while making sure that all my questions were being answered correctly and consistently. schema in our case, we ended up with three denormalized tables to answer all the questions we had. to answer the first three questions above, you could use the schema below: create table if not exists ids_by_partnerid( partnerid text, id text, date timestamp, primary key ((partnerid), date, id) ) with clustering order by (date desc) note on clustering key ordering one important learning i got in the process of validating the model is about the internals of cassandra’s file format that resulted in the choice of using a descending order desc on the date clustering key as you can see above. if your main use case of querying is to look for the latest value of an history-like table design like ours, then make sure to change the default asc order of your clustering key to desc. this will ensure that the latest values (rows) are stored at the beginning of the sstable file effectively reducing the read latency when the row is not in cache! let me quote glauber costa’s detailed explanation on this: basically in cassandra’s file format, the index points to an entire partition (for very large partitions there is a hack to avoid that, but the logic is mostly the same). so if you want to read the first row, that’s easy you get the index to the partition and read the first row. if you want to read the last row, then you get the index to the partition and do a linear scan to the next. this is the kind of learning you can only get from experts like glauber and that can justify the whole poc on its own! step 2: set up scylla-grafana-monitoring as i said before, make sure to set up and run the scylla-grafana-monitoring project before running your test workloads. this easy to run solution will be of great help to understand the performance of your cluster and to tune your workload for optimal performances. if you can, also discuss with the scylladb team to allow them to access the grafana dashboard. this will be very valuable since they know where to look better than we usually do… i gained a lot of understandings thanks to this! note on scrape interval i advise you to lower the prometheus scrape interval to have a shorter and finer sampling of your metrics. this will allow your dashboard to be more reactive when you start your test workloads. for this, change the prometheus/prometheus.yml file like this: scrape_interval: 2s # scrape targets every 2 seconds (5s default) scrape_timeout: 1s # timeout before trying to scrape a target again (4s default) test your monitoring before going any further, i strongly advise you to run a stress test on your poc cluster using the cassandra-stress tool and share the results and their monitoring graphs with the scylladb team. this will give you a common understanding of the general performances of your cluster as well as help in outlining any obvious misconfiguration or hardware problem. key graphs to look at there are a lot of interesting graphs so i’d like to share the ones that i have been mainly looking at. remember that depending on your test workloads, some other graphs may be more relevant for you. number of open connections you’ll want to see a steady and high enough number of open connections which will prove that your clients are pushed at their maximum (at the time of testing this graph was not on grafana and you had to add it yourself) cache hits / misses depending on your reference dataset, you’ll obviously see that cache hits and misses will have a direct correlation with disk i/o and overall performances. running your test workloads multiple times should trigger higher cache hits if your ram is big enough. per shard/node distribution the requests served per shard graph should display a nicely distributed load between your shards and nodes so that you’re sure that you’re getting the best out of your cluster. the same is true for almost every other “per shard/node” graph: you’re looking for evenly distributed load. sstable reads directly linked with your disk performances, you’ll be trying to make sure that you have almost no queued sstable reads. step 3: get your reference data and metrics we obviously need to have some reference metrics on our current production stack so we can compare them with the results on our poc scylla cluster. whether you choose to use your current production machines or set up a similar stack on the side to run your test workloads is up to you. we chose to run the vast majority of our tests on our current production machines to be as close to our real workloads as possible. prepare a reference dataset during your work on the poc document, you should have detailed the usual data cardinality and volume you work with. use this information to set up a reference dataset that you can use on all of the platforms that you plan to compare. in our case, we chose a 10 million reference dataset that we joined with a 400+ million extract of an id matching table. those volumes seemed easy enough to work with and allowed some nice ratio for memory bound workloads. measure on your current stack then it’s time to load this reference datasets on your current platforms. if you run a mongodb cluster like we do, make sure to shard and index the dataset just like you do on the production collections. just like you do on the production collections. on hive, make sure to respect the storage file format of your current implementations as well as their partitioning. if you chose to run your test workloads on your production machines, make sure to run them multiple times and at different hours of the day and night so you can correlate the measures with the load on the cluster at the time of the tests. reference metrics for the sake of simplicity i’ll focus on the hive-only batch workloads. i performed a count on the join of the dataset and the id matching table using spark 2 and then i also ran the join using a simple hive query through beeline. i gave the following definitions on the reference load: idle : yarn available containers and free resources are optimal, parallelism is very limited : yarn available containers and free resources are optimal, parallelism is very limited normal : yarn sustains some casual load, parallelism exists but we are not bound by anything still : yarn sustains some casual load, parallelism exists but we are not bound by anything still high: yarn has pending containers, parallelism is high and applications have to wait for containers before executing there’s always an error margin on the results you get and i found that there was not significant enough differences between the results using spark 2 and beeline so i stuck with a simple set of results: idle: 2 minutes, 15 seconds normal: 4 minutes high: 15 minutes step 4: get scylla in the mix it’s finally time to do your best to break scylla or at least to push it to its limits on your hardware… but most importantly, you’ll be looking to understand what those limits are depending on your test workloads as well as outlining out all the required tuning that you will be required to do on the client side to reach those limits. speaking about the results, we will have to differentiate two cases: the scylla cluster is fresh and its cache is empty (cold start): performance is mostly disk i/o bound the scylla cluster has been running some test workload already and its cache is hot: performance is mostly memory bound with some disk i/o depending on the size of your ram spark 2 / scala test workload here i used scala (yes, i did) and datastax’s spark-cassandra-connector so i could use the magic joinwithcassandratable function. spark-cassandra-connector-2.0.1-s_2.11.jar java 7 i had to stick with the 2.0.1 version of the spark-cassandra-connector because newer version (2.0.5 at the time of testing) were performing bad with no apparent reason. the scylladb team couldn’t help on this. you can interact with your test workload using the spark2-shell: spark2-shell --jars jars/commons-beanutils_commons-beanutils-1.9.3.jar,jars/com.twitter_jsr166e-1.1.0.jar,jars/io.netty_netty-all-4.0.33.final.jar,jars/org.joda_joda-convert-1.2.jar,jars/commons-collections_commons-collections-3.2.2.jar,jars/joda-time_joda-time-2.3.jar,jars/org.scala-lang_scala-reflect-2.11.8.jar,jars/spark-cassandra-connector-2.0.1-s_2.11.jar then use the following scala imports: // main connector import import com.datastax.spark.connector._ // the joinwithcassandratable failed without this (dunno why, i'm no scala guy) import com.datastax.spark.connector.writer._ implicit val rowwriter = sqlrowwriter.factory finally i could run my test workload to select the data from hive and join it with scylla easily: val df_population = spark.sql("select id from population_10m_rows") val join_rdd = df_population.rdd.repartitionbycassandrareplica("test_keyspace", "partner_id_match_400m_rows").joinwithcassandratable("test_keyspace", "partner_id_match_400m_rows") val joined_count = join_rdd.count() notes on tuning spark-cassandra-connector i experienced pretty crappy performances at first. thanks to the easy grafana monitoring, i could see that scylla was not being the bottleneck at all and that i instead had trouble getting some real load on it. so i engaged in a thorough tuning of the spark-cassandra-connector with the help of glauber… and it was pretty painful but we finally made it and got the best parameters to get the load on the scylla cluster close to 100% when running the test workloads. this tuning was done in the spark-defaults.conf file: have a fixed set of executors and boost their overhead memory this will increase test results reliability by making sure you always have a reserved number of available workers at your disposal. spark.dynamicallocation.enabled=false spark.executor.instances=30 spark.yarn.executor.memoryoverhead=1024 set the split size to 1mb default is 8mb but scylla uses a split size of 1mb so you’ll see a great boost of performance and stability by setting this setting to the right number. spark.cassandra.input.split.size_in_mb=1 align driver timeouts with server timeouts it is advised to make sure that your read request timeouts are the same on the driver and the server so you do not get stalled states waiting for a timeout to happen on one hand. you can do the same with write timeouts if your test workloads are write intensive. /etc/scylla/scylla.yaml read_request_timeout_in_ms: 150000 spark-defaults.conf spark.cassandra.connection.timeout_ms=150000 spark.cassandra.read.timeout_ms=150000 // optional if you want to fail / retry faster for ha scenarios spark.cassandra.connection.reconnection_delay_ms.max=5000 spark.cassandra.connection.reconnection_delay_ms.min=1000 spark.cassandra.query.retry.count=100 adjust your reads per second rate last but surely not least, this setting you will need to try and find out the best value for yourself since it has a direct impact on the load on your scylla cluster. you will be looking at pushing your poc cluster to almost 100% load. spark.cassandra.input.reads_per_sec=6666 as i said before, i could only get this to work perfectly using the 2.0.1 version of the spark-cassandra-connector driver. but then it worked very well and with great speed. spark 2 results once tuned, the best results i was able to reach on this hardware are listed below. it’s interesting to see that with spinning disks, the cold start result can compete with the results of a heavily loaded hadoop cluster where pending containers and parallelism are knocking down its performances. hot cache: 2min 2min cold cache: 12min wow! those three refurbished machines can compete with our current production machines and implementations, they can even match an idle hive cluster of a medium size! python test workload i couldn’t conclude on a scala/spark 2 only test workload. so i obviously went back to my language of choice python only to discover at my disappointment that there is no joinwithcassandratable equivalent available on pyspark… i tried with some projects claiming otherwise with no success until i changed my mind and decided that i probably didn’t need spark 2 at all. so i went into the crazy quest of beating spark 2 performances using a pure python implementation. this basically means that instead of having a join like helper, i had to do a massive amount of single “id -> partnerid” lookups. simple but greatly inefficient you say? really? when i broke down the pieces, i was left with the following steps to implement and optimize: load the 10m rows worth of population data from hive for every row, lookup the corresponding partnerid in the id matching table from scylla count the resulting number of matches the main problem to compete with spark 2 is that it is a distributed framework and python by itself is not. so you possibly imagine outperforming spark 2 with your single machine. however, let’s remember that spark 2 is shipped and ran on executors using yarn so we are firing up jvms and dispatching containers all the time. this is a quite expensive process that we have a chance to avoid using python! so what i needed was a distributed computation framework that would allow to load data in a partitioned way and run the lookups on all the partitions in parallel before merging the results. in python, this framework exists and is named dask! you will obviously need to have to deploy a dask topology (that’s easy and well documented) to have a comparable number of dask workers than of spark 2 executors (30 in my case) . the corresponding python code samples are here. hive + scylla results reading the population id’s from hive, the workload can be split and executed concurrently on multiple dask workers. read the 10m population rows from hive in a partitioned manner for each partition (slice of 10m), query scylla to lookup the possibly matching partnerid create a dataframe from the resulting matches gather back all the dataframes and merge them count the number of matches the results showed that it is possible to compete with spark 2 with dask: hot cache: 2min (rounded up) (rounded up) cold cache: 6min interestingly, those almost two minutes can be broken down like this: distributed read data from hive: 50s distributed lookup from scylla: 60s merge + count: 10s this meant that if i could cut down the reading of data from hive i could go even faster! parquet + scylla results going further on my previous remark i decided to get rid of hive and put the 10m rows population data in a parquet file instead. i ended up trying to find out the most efficient way to read and load a parquet file from hdfs. my conclusion so far is that you be the amazing libhdfs3 + pyarrow combo. it is faster to load everything on a single machine than loading from hive on multiple ones! the results showed that i could almost get rid of a whole minute in the total process, effectively and easily beating spark 2! hot cache: 1min 5s cold cache: 5min notes on the python cassandra-driver tests using python showed robust queries experiencing far less failures than the spark-cassandra-connector, even more during the cold start scenario. the usage of execute_concurrent() provides a clean and linear interface to submit a large number of queries while providing some level of concurrency control provides a clean and linear interface to submit a large number of queries while providing some level of concurrency control increasing the concurrency parameter from 100 to 512 provided additional throughput, but increasing it more looked useless parameter from 100 to provided additional throughput, but increasing it more looked useless protocol version 4 forbids the tuning of connection requests / number to some sort of auto configuration. all tentative to hand tune it (by lowering protocol version to 2) failed to achieve higher throughput forbids the tuning of connection requests / number to some sort of auto configuration. all tentative to hand tune it (by lowering protocol version to 2) failed to achieve higher throughput installation of libev on the system allows the cassandra-driver to use it to handle concurrency instead of asyncore with a somewhat lower load footprint on the worker node but no noticeable change on the throughput on the system allows the cassandra-driver to use it to handle concurrency instead of asyncore with a somewhat lower load footprint on the worker node but no noticeable change on the throughput when reading a parquet file stored on hdfs, the hdfs3 + pyarrow combo provides an insane speed (less than 10s to fully load 10m rows of a single column) step 5: play with high availability i was quite disappointed and surprised by the lack of maturity of the cassandra community on this critical topic. maybe the main reason is that the cassandra-driver allows for too many levels of configuration and strategies. i wrote this simple bash script to allow me to simulate node failures. then i could play with handling those failures and retries on the python client code. #!/bin/bash iptables -t filter -x iptables -t filter -f ip="0.0.0.0/0" for port in 9042 9160 9180 10000 7000; do iptables -t filter -a input -p tcp --dport ${port} -s ${ip} -j drop iptables -t filter -a output -p tcp --sport ${port} -d ${ip} -j drop done while true; do trap break int clear iptables -t filter -vnl sleep 1 done iptables -t filter -x iptables -t filter -f iptables -t filter -vnl this topic is worth going in more details on a dedicated blog post that i shall write later on while providing code samples. concluding the evaluation i’m happy to say that scylla passed our production evaluation and will soon go live on our infrastructure! as i said at the beginning of this post, the conclusion of the evaluation has not been driven by the good figures we got out of our test workloads. those are no benchmarks and never pretended to be but we could still prove that performances were solid enough to not be a blocker in the adoption of scylla. instead we decided on the following points of interest (in no particular order): data consistency production reliability datacenter awareness ease of operation infrastructure rationalisation developer friendliness costs on the side, i tried scylla on two other different use cases which proved interesting to follow later on to displace mongodb again… moving to production since our relationship was great we also decided to partner with scylladb and support them by subscribing to their enterprise offerings. they also accepted to support us using gentoo linux! we are starting with a three nodes heavy duty cluster: dell r640 dual socket 2,6ghz 14c, 512gb ram, samsung 17xxx nvme 3,2 tb i’m eager to see scylladb building up and will continue to help with my modest contributions. thanks again to the scylladb team for their patience and support during the poc! so .. since this page/blog is running on mezzanine i thought i'd share what i had to do to get it to work. first off i did this on gentoo, but in general stuff should apply to most other distributions anyway. versions i used: apache 2.4.27 python 3.6.3 mod_wsgi 4.5.13 postgresql 9.4 don't forget to enable apache loading mod_wsgi (on gentoo add "-d wsgi " to apache2_opts in /etc/conf.d/apache). i am running mezzanine on it's own virtualhost. for the rest of this i go with the assumption that the above is installed and configured correctly. quick & dirty mezzanine install: python3.6 -m venv myenv source myenv/bin/activate pip install mezzanine south psycopg2 of course replace psycopg2 with whatever database driver you intend to use. here is what i installed ( pip freeze output): beautifulsoup4==4.6.0 bleach==2.1.2 certifi==2018.1.18 chardet==3.0.4 django==1.10.8 django-contrib-comments==1.8.0 filebrowser-safe==0.4.7 future==0.16.0 grappelli-safe==0.4.7 html5lib==1.0.1 idna==2.6 mezzanine==4.2.3 oauthlib==2.0.6 pillow==5.0.0 psycopg2==2.7.4 pytz==2018.3 requests==2.18.4 requests-oauthlib==0.8.0 six==1.11.0 south==1.0.2 tzlocal==1.5.1 urllib3==1.22 webencodings==0.5.1 then create your project: mezzanine-project <projectname> then edit your <project>/local_settings.py to use the correct database settings - and don't forget to set allowed_hosts (like i did at first). chmod +x <project>/manage.py ./<project>/manage.py createdb this should create the db, superuser, .. then i ran ./<project>/manage.py collectstatic you can test it with ./<project>/manage.py runserver if you need to change the ip/port: ./<project>/manage.py runserver <ip>:<port> make sure stuff works ok, set up what you want to setup first or do your development. for deploying with mod_wsgi .. here's a snippet from my apache config (i run it on https *only* and just redirect http to the https version): <virtualhost <your_ip>:443> servername your.domain.name serveradmin your_email@your_domain errorlog /path/to/your/logs/your.domain.name_error.log customlog /path/to/your/logs/your.domain.name_access.log combined loglevel info sslcertificatefile /path/to/your/sslcerts/cert.pem sslcertificatekeyfile /

ˈpoʊstɪd ˈʤænjuˌɛri 2014 æt æm baɪ ðɪs ɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ new…*… ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈælbəmz prɛˈmɪr ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ gɪv aʊt hɪz tɔp 20 hɪp hɑp sɔŋz əv 2013 fərst, ˈviə hɪz ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ʃoʊ livefromhq*. bət ˈwəri, hɪz lɪst əv ˈælbəmz ər ˈkəmɪŋ ˈleɪtər ɔn ðə blɔg! soʊ hir wi goʊ: 20 ˈbəstə raɪmz θæŋk ju (fit. q-tip*, wɛst lɪl weɪn) 19 ˈbætəl ˈɛnibədi (fit. eɪs wən) 18 ˈoʊpən ˈlɛtər 17 ˈkɪŋʃɪp 16 aɪ vju (fit. raekwon*, ʤoʊi ˈbɑdə$$, blæk θɔt) 15 feɪθ 14 dreɪk paʊnd keɪk (fit.) 13 ʤɪst kwɪt (fit. ˈmoʊtɪv, blacastan*, skup dəˈvɪl) 12 ænˌtægəˈnɪstɪk ˈreɪdiˌoʊ 11 ˌɔrˈtiz roʊl dip 10 ðə ˈhɑrdəst (fit. m.o.p*.) 09 rɪk rɔs ɔɪl ˈməni gæŋ (fit. jadakiss*) 08 ɛnt. kəm ənd gɪt mi 07 ˈbəmpi ˈnəkəlz wərd (fit. saɪ ˈɑri ˈdiˈeɪ kɪd) 06 ˈdaɪnəsti 360 weɪvz 05 eɪʧ. fild 04 bɪg ʃɔn kənˈtroʊl (fit. ˈkɛndrɪk lɑˈmɑr ʤeɪ electronica*) 03 də lɑ soʊl gɪt əˈweɪ 02 ti (fit. ˈkɛndrɪk lɑˈmɑr) 01 frɔst bɪrd gæŋ ˌɪˌnɪʃiˈeɪʃən (fit. ˈmælɪk bi æb)

posted january 4th 2014 at 11:25 am by gimantalon this is something new… instead of albums dj premier decided to give out his top 20 hip hop songs of 2013 first, via his radio show livefromhq. but don’t worry, his list of albums are coming later on the blog! so here we go: 20. busta rhymes thank you (feat. q-tip, kanye west & lil wayne) 19. dawhud battle anybody (feat. ace one) 18. jay-z open letter 17. rapsody kingship 16. statik selektah bird’s eye view (feat. raekwon, joey bada$$, & black thought) 15. papoose faith 14. drake pound cake (feat. jay-z) 13. demigodz just can’t quit (feat. motive, blacastan, ryu & scoop deville) 12. k-rino antagonistic radio 11. joell ortiz roll deep 10. p-money the hardest (feat. m.o.p.) 09. rick ross oil money gang (feat. jadakiss) 08. ditc ent. come and get me 07. bumpy knuckles word (feat. sy ari da kid) 06. durag dynasty 360 waves 05. h. stax field nigga 04. big sean control (feat. kendrick lamar & jay electronica) 03. de la soul get away 02. pusha t nosetalgia (feat. kendrick lamar) 01. jakk frost beard gang initiation (feat. malik b & nima ab)

ðə haʊs əv sɔd (ˈɛrəbɪk: translit*. ipa*: sʊʕuːd*]) ɪz ðə ˈrulɪŋ rɔɪəl ˈfæməli əv ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə. ɪt ɪz kəmˈpoʊzd əv ðə dɪˈsɛnɪnts əv mʊˈhɑməd bɪn sɔd, ˈfaʊndər əv ðə ˈɛmərˌeɪt əv, noʊn ɛz ðə fərst ˈsɔdi steɪt ənd hɪz ˈbrəðərz, ðoʊ ðə ˈrulɪŋ ˈfækʃən əv ðə ˈfæməli ɪz praɪˈmɛrəli lɛd baɪ ðə dɪˈsɛnɪnts əv ˈɪbən sɔd, ðə ˈmɑdərn ˈfaʊndər əv ˈsɔdi ðə moʊst ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl pəˈzɪʃən əv ðə rɔɪəl ˈfæməli ɪz ðə kɪŋ əv ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə. kɪŋ ˈsæmən, hu reɪnz ˈkərəntli, ʧoʊz fərst hɪz ˈnɛfju ənd ðɛn hɪz sən ɛz ðə kraʊn prɪns wɪˈθaʊt kənˈsəltɪŋ ðə əˈliʤəns ˈkaʊnsəl. ðə ˈfæməli ɪz ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd tɪ kəmˈpraɪz ˈmɛmbərz, bət ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv ðə paʊər ənd wɛlθ ɪz pəˈzɛst baɪ ə grup əv əˈbaʊt əv ðə haʊs əv sɔd həz gɔn θru θri ˈfeɪzɪz: ðə ˈɛmərˌeɪt əv, ðə fərst ˈsɔdi steɪt mɑrkt baɪ ðə ɪkˈspænʧən əv wahhabism*; ðə ˈɛmərˌeɪt əv nejd*, ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈsɔdi steɪt mɑrkt wɪθ kənˈtɪnjuəs ˈɪnˌfaɪtɪŋ; ənd ðə θərd ˈsɔdi steɪt 1902–present*), wɪʧ ɪˈvɑlvd ˈɪntu ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə ɪn 1932 ənd naʊ wildz kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˈɪnfluəns ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl ist. ðə ˈfæməli həz hæd ˈkɑnflɪkts wɪθ ðə ˈɑtəmən ˈɛmpaɪər, ðə ʃərˈif əv ˈmɛkə, ðə æl rəˈʃid ˈfæməli əv ənd ðɛr ˈvæsəl ˈhaʊsɪz ɪn najd*, ˈnumərəs ˈɪsləmɪst grups boʊθ ˌɪnˈsaɪd ənd ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə ənd ˈʃiə məˈnɔrəti ɪn ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə. ðə səkˈsɛʃən tɪ ðə ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiən θroʊn wɑz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ pæs frəm wən sən əv ðə fərst kɪŋ, ˈɪbən sɔd, tɪ əˈnəðər. ðə nɛkst ɪn laɪn, kraʊn prɪns moʊˈhɑmɛd bɪn ˈsæmən, ɪz ðə sən əv kɪŋ ðə ˈkæbənət ˌɪnˈkludz mɔr ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə rɔɪəl ˈfæməli. ðə ˈmɑnɑrki wɑz hərˈɛdəˌtɛri baɪ sinˈjɔrɪti ənˈtɪl 2006 wɪn ə rɔɪəl dɪˈkri prəˈvaɪdɪd ðət fˈjuʧər ˈsɔdi kɪŋz ər tɪ bi ɪˈlɛktɪd baɪ ə kəˈmɪti əv ˈsɔdi ˈtaɪtəl ˈɛdət ˈteɪbəl əv ðə ˈlidərz əv ðə sɔd haʊs əv sɔd ɪz ə trænzˈleɪʃən əv æl sɔd, ən ˈɛrəbɪk daɪˈnæstɪk neɪm fɔrmd baɪ ˈædɪŋ ðə wərd æl (ˈminɪŋ "ˈfæməli əv" ər "haʊs tɪ ðə ˈpərsɪnəl neɪm əv ən ˈænˌsɛstər. ɪn ðə keɪs əv ðə æl sɔd, ðə ˈænˌsɛstər ɪz sɔd ˈɪbən mʊˈhɑməd ˈɪbən, ðə ˈfɑðər əv ðə ˈsɛnʧəri ˈfaʊndər mʊˈhɑməd bɪn sɔd (mʊˈhɑməd, sən əv təˈdeɪ, ðə ˈsərˌneɪm "æl sɔd" ɪz ˈkɛrid baɪ ˈɛni dɪˈsɛndənt əv mʊˈhɑməd bɪn sɔd ər hɪz θri ˈbrəðərz,, ənd. æl ˈəðər ˈfæməli ˈbrænʧɪz laɪk sɔd al-kabir*, ðə æl jiluwi*, ðə æl thunayan*, ðə æl ənd ðə æl ər kɔld kəˈdɛt ˈbrænʧɪz. ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə kəˈdɛt ˈbrænʧɪz hoʊld haɪ ənd ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl pəˈzɪʃənz ɪn ˈgəvərnmənt ðoʊ ðeɪ ər nɑt ɪn ðə laɪn əv səkˈsɛʃən tɪ ðə ˈsɔdi θroʊn. ˈmɛni kəˈdɛt ˈmɛmbərz ˌɪntərˈmæri wɪˈθɪn ðə æl sɔd tɪ riɪˈstæblɪʃ ðɛr ˈlɪniəʤ ənd kənˈtɪnju tɪ wild ˈɪnfluəns ɪn ðə ɔl ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə rɔɪəl ˈfæməli hæv ðə ˈtaɪtəl əv ɪˈmɪr (prɪns) bət sənz, ˈdɔtərz, ˌpætrɪˈlɪniəl ˈgrænˌdɔtərz ənd ˈgrændˌsənz əv ˈɪbən sɔd ər rɪˈfərd tɪ baɪ ðə staɪl "hɪz rɔɪəl ˈhaɪnəs" (hrh*), ˈdɪfərɪŋ frəm ðoʊz bɪˈlɔŋɪŋ tɪ ðə kəˈdɛt ˈbrænʧɪz hu ər kɔld "hɪz ˈhaɪnəs" (hh*), waɪl ðə ˈreɪnɪŋ kɪŋ həz ðə əˈdɪʃənəl ˈtaɪtəl əv kəˈstoʊdiən əv ðə tu ˈhoʊli ˈhɪstəri ˈɛdət ˈɔrəʤɪnz ənd ˈərli ˈhɪstəri ˈɛdət ðə ˈərliəst rɪˈkɔrdɪd ˈænˌsɛstər əv ðə æl sɔd wɑz ˈmɑni' ˈɪbən hu ˈsɛtəld ɪn ɪn wɪθ hɪz klæn, ðə ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə ər bɪˈlivd tɪ bi dɪˈsɛndɪd frəm ðə ˈtraɪbəl kənˌfɛdərˈeɪʃən, ɪt ɪz ənˈklɪr ˈwɛðər ðeɪ treɪs ðɛr ˈænsɛstri tɪ ðə ər ðə ˈbrænʧɪz əv ðə ˈmɑni wɑz ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd baɪ ə ˈrɛlətɪv neɪmd ˈɪbən. ˈɪbən wɑz ðə ˈrulər əv ə sɛt əv ˈvɪlɪʤɪz ənd ɛˈsteɪts ðət meɪk əp klæn hæd bɪn ɔn ə ˈsoʊʤərn ɪn ist əˈreɪbiə, nɪr al-qatif*, frəm ən ənˈnoʊn pɔɪnt ɪn taɪm. ˈɪbən ˈhændɪd ˈmɑni tu ɛˈsteɪts kɔld ənd ghusayba*. ˈmɑni ənd hɪz ˈfæməli ˈsɛtəld ənd riˈneɪmd ðə ˈriʤən "al-diriyah*", ˈæftər ðɛr ˈbɛnəˌfæktər ˈɪbən ðə bɪˈkeɪm ˈrulərz əv al-diriyah*, wɪʧ ˈprɑspərd əˈlɔŋ ðə bæŋks əv ənd bɪˈkeɪm ən ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈsɛtəlmənt. ɛz ðə klæn gru ˈlɑrʤər, paʊər ˈstrəgəlz ɪnˈsud, wɪθ wən brænʧ ˈlivɪŋ fər ˈnɪrˈbaɪ dhruma*, waɪl əˈnəðər brænʧ (ðə "æl watban*") lɛft fər ðə taʊn əv ɪn ˈsəðərn ˌɪˈrɑk. ðə æl bɪˈkeɪm ðə ˈrulɪŋ ˈfæməli əˈməŋ ðə ɪn. ðə neɪm əv ðə klæn kəmz frəm ʃik sɔd ˈɪbən mʊˈhɑməd ˈɪbən hu daɪd ɪn fərst ˈsɔdi steɪt ˈɛdət ðə fərst ˈsɔdi steɪt wɑz ˈfaʊndɪd ɪn 1744 ðɪs ˈpɪriəd wɑz mɑrkt baɪ ˈkɑŋkwɛst əv ˈneɪbərɪŋ ˈɛriəz ənd baɪ rɪˈlɪʤəs zil. æt ɪts haɪt, ðə fərst ˈsɔdi steɪt ˌɪnˈkludɪd moʊst əv ðə ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri əv ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə, ənd reɪdz baɪ æl ˈælaɪz ənd ˈfɑloʊərz riʧt ˈɪntu ˈjɛmən, oʊˈmɑn, ˈsɪriə, ənd ˌɪˈrɑk. ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˈskɑlərz, ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli mʊˈhɑməd ˈɪbən æbˈdul ənd hɪz dɪˈsɛnɪnts, ər bɪˈlivd tɪ hæv pleɪd ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt roʊl ɪn ˈsɔdi rul ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ˈpɪriəd. ðə ˈsɔdiz ənd ðɛr ˈælaɪz rɪˈfərd tɪ ðɛmˈsɛlvz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ˈpɪriəd ɛz ðə ər ɑl ("ðə monotheists*"). ˈleɪtər ðeɪ wər rɪˈfərd tɪ ɛz ðə wahhabis*, ə grup əv ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli strɪkt, ˌpjʊrəˈtænɪkəl ˈsuni sɛkt, neɪmd fər ɪts ˈfaʊndər. ˈlidərˌʃɪp əv ðə æl sɔd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə taɪm əv ðɛr fərst steɪt pæst frəm ˈfɑðər tɪ sən wɪˈθaʊt ˈɪnsədənt. ðə fərst ˈaɪmæm, mʊˈhɑməd ˈɪbən sɔd, wɑz səkˈsidɪd baɪ hɪz ˈɛldəst sən æbˌduləˈziz ɪn 1765 ɪn 1802 æbˌduləˈziz lɛd tɛn ˈθaʊzənd ˈsoʊlʤərz ˈɪntu ən əˈtæk ɔn ðə ˈhoʊli ˈsɪti əv, ɪn wət ɪz naʊ ˈsəðərn ˌɪˈrɑk ənd wɛr huˈseɪn ˈɪbən ˈɑli, ðə ˈgrændˌsən əv ðə ˈprɑfət mʊˈhɑməd ɪz lɛd baɪ æbˌduləˈziz, ðə ˈsoʊlʤərz kɪld mɔr ðən tu ˈθaʊzənd ˈpipəl, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈwɪmən ənd ðə ˈsoʊlʤərz ˈpləndərd ðə ˈsɪti, dɪˈmɑlɪʃɪŋ ðə ˈmæsɪv ˈgoʊldən doʊm əˈbəv huˈseɪnz tum ənd ˈloʊdɪd ˈhənərdz əv ˈkæməlz wɪθ ˈwɛpənz, ˈʤuəlri, kɔɪnz ənd ˈəðər ˈvæljəbəl ðə əˈtæk ɔn kənˈvɪnst ðə ənd ðə ɪˈʤɪpʃənz ðət ðə ˈsɔdiz wər ə θrɛt tɪ ˈriʤənəl æbˌduləˈziz wɑz kɪld ɪn 1803 baɪ ən əˈsæsən, bɪˈlivd baɪ səm tɪ hæv bɪn ə ˈsikɪŋ riˈvɛnʤ ˈoʊvər ðə ˈsækɪŋ əv ðə jɪr ˌbiˈfɔr. wɑz ɪn tərn səkˈsidɪd baɪ hɪz sən, sɔd, ˈəndər huz rul ðə ˈsɔdi steɪt riʧt ɪts ˈgreɪtəst ɪkˈstɛnt. baɪ ðə taɪm sɔd daɪd ɪn 1814 hɪz sən ənd səkˈsɛsər ˌæbˈdələ ˈɪbən sɔd hæd tɪ kənˈtɛnd wɪθ ən ˌɪnˈveɪʒən ɪn ðə wɔr ˈsikɪŋ tɪ ˈriˈteɪk lɔst ˈɑtəmən ˈɛmpaɪər ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri. ðə ˈmeɪnli ɪˈʤɪpʃən fɔrs səkˈsidɪd ɪn dɪˈfitɪŋ ˈfɔrsɪz, ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈoʊvər ðə ˈsɔdi ˈkæpɪtəl əv ɪn 1818 ˌæbˈdələ wɑz ˈteɪkən ˈprɪzənər ənd wɑz sun bɪˈhɛdɪd baɪ ðə ɪn ˌkɑnstæntəˈnoʊpəl, ˈpʊtɪŋ ən ɛnd tɪ ðə fərst ˈsɔdi steɪt. ðə ɪˈʤɪpʃənz sɛnt ˈmɛni ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə æl sɔd klæn ənd ˈəðər ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈloʊkəl noʊˈbɪləti ɛz ˈprɪzənərz tɪ ˈiʤɪpt ənd ˌkɑnstæntəˈnoʊpəl, ənd reɪzd ðə ˈsɔdi ˈkæpɪtəl. ˈsɛkənd ˈsɔdi steɪt ˈɛdət flæg əv ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈsɔdi steɪt ə fju jɪrz ˈæftər ðə fɔl əv ɪn 1818 ðə ˈsɔdiz wər ˈeɪbəl tɪ ðɛr əˈθɔrəti ɪn najd*, ɪˈstæblɪʃɪŋ ðə ˈɛmərˌeɪt əv nejd*, ˈkɑmənli noʊn ɛz ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈsɔdi steɪt, wɪθ ɪts ˈkæpɪtəl ɪn riɑd. kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ðə fərst ˈsɔdi steɪt, ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈsɔdi ˈpɪriəd wɑz mɑrkt baɪ lɛs ˌtɛrɪˈtɔriəl ɪkˈspænʧən (ɪt ˈnɛvər riˈkɔŋkərd ðə ər 'asir*, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl) ənd lɛs rɪˈlɪʤəs zil, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə ˈsɔdi ˈlidərz kənˈtɪnjud tɪ goʊ baɪ ðə ˈtaɪtəl əv ˈaɪmæm ənd stɪl ɪmˈplɔɪd rɪˈlɪʤəs ˈskɑlərz. ðə ˈsɛkənd steɪt wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ mɑrkt baɪ səˈvɪr ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈkɑnflɪkts wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈsɔdi ˈfæməli, ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˈlidɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈdaʊnˌfɔl. ɪn ɔl bət wən ˈɪnstəns, səkˈsɛʃən əˈkərd baɪ əˌsæsəˈneɪʃən ər ˈsɪvəl wɔr, ðə ɪkˈsɛpʃən biɪŋ ðə ˈpæsɪʤ əv əˈθɔrəti frəm ˈfeɪzəl ˈɪbən tɪ hɪz sən ˌæbˈdələ ˈɪbən ˈfeɪzəl ˈɪbən. ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə ˈɛdət ˈæftər hɪz dɪˈfit æt mulayda*, ˈɪbən ˈfeɪzəl wɛnt wɪθ hɪz ˈfæməli ˈɪntu ˈɛkˌsaɪl ɪn ðə ˈdɛzərts əv ˈistərn əˈreɪbiə əˈməŋ ðə æl ˈbɛdəwən. sun ˈæftərwərd, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, hi faʊnd ˈrɛfjuʤ ɪn kuˈweɪt ɛz ə gɛst əv ðə kuˈweɪti ɪˈmɪr, muˈbɑrɪk æl ˈsɑbə. ɪn 1902 sən, æbˈdul əˈziz, tʊk ɔn ðə tæsk əv rɪˈstɔrɪŋ ˈsɔdi rul ɪn riɑd. səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ə fju ˈdəzən ˈfɑloʊərz ənd əˈkəmpənid baɪ səm əv hɪz ˈbrəðərz ənd ˈrɛlətɪvz, æbˈdul əˈziz wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈkæpʧər fɔrt ənd kɪl ðə ˈgəvərnər əˈpɔɪntɪd ðɛr baɪ ˈɪbən rəˈʃid. æbˈdul əˈziz, ˌriˈpɔrtəd tɪ hæv bɪn ˈbɛrli 20 æt ðə taɪm, wɑz ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli proʊˈkleɪmd ˈrulər ɪn riɑd. ɛz ðə nu ˈlidər əv ðə haʊs əv sɔd, æbˈdul əˈziz bɪˈkeɪm ˈkɑmənli noʊn frəm ðət taɪm ˈɔnwərd ɛz "ˈɪbən sɔd" ɪn ˈwɛstərn ˈsɔrsəz, ðoʊ hi ɪz stɪl kɔld "æbˈdul əˈziz" ɪn ðə ˈærəb wərld. ˈɪbən sɔd spɛnt ðə nɛkst θri ˈdɛkeɪdz traɪɪŋ tɪ hɪz ˈfæməliz rul ˈoʊvər ˈsɛntrəl əˈreɪbiə, ˈstɑrtɪŋ wɪθ hɪz ˈneɪtɪv najd*. hɪz ʧif ˈraɪvəlz wər ðə æl rəˈʃid klæn ɪn, ðə əv ˈmɛkə ɪn ðə, ənd ðə ˈɑtəmən tərks ɪn al-hasa*. ˈɪbən sɔd ˈɔlsoʊ hæd tɪ kənˈtɛnd, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wɪθ ðə dɪˈsɛnɪnts əv hɪz leɪt ˈəŋkəl sɔd ˈɪbən ˈfeɪzəl (ˈleɪtər noʊn ɛz ðə "sɔd al-kabir*" brænʧ əv ðə ˈfæməli), hu poʊzd ɛz ðə ˈraɪtfəl ɛrz tɪ ðə θroʊn. ðoʊ fər ə taɪm ækˈnɑlɪʤɪŋ ðə ˈsɑvrənti əv ðə ˈɑtəmən ˈsəltənz ənd ˈivɪn ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə ˈtaɪtəl əv ˈpɑʃə, ˈɪbən sɔd ˈæˌlaɪd hɪmˈsɛlf tɪ ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ, ɪn ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən tɪ ðə æl rəˈʃid. frəm 1915 tɪ 1927 ˈɪbən wər ə prəˈtɛktərət əv ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈɛmpaɪər, pərˈsuənt tɪ ðə 1915 ˈtriti əv ˈdærɪn. ˈɪbən sɔd wən ˈfaɪnəl ˈvɪktəri ˈoʊvər ðə ɪn 1921 ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɪm ðə ˈrulər əv moʊst əv ˈsɛntrəl əˈreɪbiə. hi kənˈsɑləˌdeɪtəd hɪz ɛz ðə ˈsəltənət əv nejd*. hi ðɛn tərnd hɪz əˈtɛnʃən tɪ ðə, ˈfaɪnəli ˈkɑŋkərɪŋ ɪt ɪn 1926 ʤɪst mənθs ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ prəˈtɛktərət ˈɛndɪd. fər ðə nɛkst faɪv ənd ə hæf jɪrz, hi ədˈmɪnɪstərd ðə tu pɑrts əv hɪz duəl rɛlm, ðə ˈkɪŋdəm əv ənd nejd*, ɛz ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ˈjunɪts. baɪ 1932 ˈɪbən sɔd hæd dɪˈspoʊzd əv ɔl hɪz meɪn ˈraɪvəlz ənd kənˈsɑləˌdeɪtəd hɪz rul ˈoʊvər məʧ əv ðə əˈreɪbiən pəˈnɪnsələ. hi juˈnaɪtɪd hɪz ˈɪntu ðə ˈkɪŋdəm əv ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə ðət jɪr. ˈɪbən ˈfɑðər, æbˈdul ˈrɑmən rɪˈteɪnd ðə ˈɑnərˌɛri ˈtaɪtəl əv "ˈaɪmæm." ɪn 1937 nɪr ˈdæməm, əˈmɛrɪkən ˌsərˌveɪərz dɪˈskəvərd wət ˈleɪtər pruvd tɪ bi ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiəz væst ɔɪl rɪˈzərvz. ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˌdɪˈskəvri əv ɔɪl, ˈmɛni ˈfæməli ˈmɛmbərz wər ˈɪbən sɔd ˈdəzənz əv ˈʧɪldrən baɪ hɪz ˈmɛni waɪvz. hi hæd æt moʊst ˈoʊnli fɔr waɪvz æt wən taɪm. hi dɪˈvɔrst ənd ˈmɛrid ˈmɛni taɪmz. hi meɪd ʃʊr tɪ ˈmɛri ˈɪntu ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈnoʊbəl klænz ənd traɪbz wɪˈθɪn hɪz ˈtɛrɪˌtɔri, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ʧifs əv ðə ˈkɑlɪd, ajman*, ənd traɪbz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə æl (dɪˈsɛnɪnts əv mʊˈhɑməd ˈɪbən al-wahhab*). hi ˈɔlsoʊ əreɪnʤd fər hɪz sənz ənd ˈrɛlətɪvz tɪ ˈɛnər ˈɪntu ˈsɪmələr ˈmɛrɪʤɪz. hi əˈpɔɪntɪd hɪz ˈɛldəst sərˈvaɪvɪŋ sən, sɔd ɛz ɛr əˈpɛrənt, tɪ bi səkˈsidɪd baɪ ðə nɛkst ˈɛldəst sən, ˈfeɪzəl. ðə ˈsɔdi ˈfæməli bɪˈkeɪm noʊn ɛz ðə "rɔɪəl ˈfæməli," ənd iʧ ˈmɛmbər, meɪl ənd ˈfiˌmeɪl, wɑz əˈkɔrdɪd ðə ˈtaɪtəl əˈmɪr ("prɪns") ər ("ˈprɪnsɛs"), rɪˈspɛktɪvli. ˈɪbən sɔd daɪd ɪn 1953 ˈæftər ˈhævɪŋ sɪˈmɛntɪd ən əˈlaɪəns wɪθ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ɪn 1945 hi ɪz stɪl ˈsɛləˌbreɪtɪd əˈfɪʃəli ɛz ðə "ˈfaʊndər," ənd ˈoʊnli hɪz dɪˈrɛkt dɪˈsɛnɪnts meɪ teɪk ɔn ðə ˈtaɪtəl əv "hɪz ər hər rɔɪəl ˈhaɪnəs." ðə deɪt əv hɪz riˈkæpʧər əv riɑd ɪn 1902 wɑz ˈʧoʊzən tɪ mɑrk ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiəz sɛnˈtɛniəl ɪn 1999 (əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˈlunər ˈkæləndər). əˈpɑn ˈɪbən dɛθ, hɪz sən sɔd əˈsumd ðə θroʊn wɪˈθaʊt ˈɪnsədənt, bət hɪz ˈlævɪʃ ˈspɛndɪŋ lɛd tɪ ə paʊər ˈstrəgəl wɪθ hɪz ˈbrəðər, kraʊn prɪns ˈfeɪzəl. ɪn 1964 ðə rɔɪəl ˈfæməli fɔrst sɔd tɪ ˈæbdəˌkeɪt ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ˈfeɪzəl, ˈeɪdɪd baɪ ən ˈidɪkt frəm ðə ˈkəntriz grænd mufti*. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ˈpɪriəd, səm əv ˈɪbən ˈjəŋgər sənz, lɛd baɪ təˈlɑl ˈɪbən æbˈdul əˈziz dɪˈfɛktɪd tɪ ˈiʤɪpt, ˈkɔlɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz ðə "fri ˈprɪnsɪz" ənd ˈkɔlɪŋ fər ˌlɪˌbərəlɪˈzeɪʃən ənd rɪˈfɔrm, bət wər ˈleɪtər ˌɪnˈdust tɪ rɪˈtərn baɪ ˈfeɪzəl. ðeɪ wər ˈfʊli ˈpɑrdənd bət wər ˈɔlsoʊ bɑrd frəm ˈɛni fˈjuʧər pəˈzɪʃənz ɪn ˈgəvərnmənt. juz. ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə ˈɔfərz kənˈdoʊlənsəz ɔn dɛθ əv ˈsɔdi kɪŋ ˌæbˈdələ, riɑd 27 ˈʤænjuˌɛri 2015 ˈfeɪzəl wɑz əˈsæsəˌneɪtəd ɪn 1975 baɪ ə ˈnɛfju, ˈfeɪzəl ˈɪbən musaid*, hu wɑz ˈprɑmptli ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd. əˈnəðər ˈbrəðər, ˈkɑlɪd, əˈsumd ðə θroʊn. ðə nɛkst prɪns ɪn laɪn hæd ˈæˌkʧuəli bɪn prɪns mʊˈhɑməd, bət hi hæd rɪˈlɪŋkwɪʃt hɪz kleɪm tɪ ðə θroʊn ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv ˈkɑlɪd, hɪz ˈoʊnli fʊl ˈbrəðər. ˈkɑlɪd daɪd əv ə hɑrt əˈtæk ɪn 1982 ənd wɑz səkˈsidɪd baɪ fɑd, ðə ˈɛldəst əv ðə ˈpaʊərfəl ˈsɛvən", ˈsoʊˈkɔld bɪˈkəz ðeɪ wər ɔl sənz əv ˈɪbən sɔd baɪ hɪz waɪf æl sudairi*. fɑd dɪd əˈweɪ wɪθ ðə ˈpriviəs rɔɪəl ˈtaɪtəl əv "hɪz ˈmæʤəsti" ənd ˌriˈpleɪst ɪt wɪθ ðə ˌɑnərˈɪfɪk "kəˈstoʊdiən əv ðə tu ˈhoʊli mɔsks", ɪn ˈrɛfərəns tɪ ðə tu ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˈhoʊli saɪts ɪn ˈmɛkə ənd məˈdinə, ɪn 1986 ə stroʊk ɪn 1995 lɛft fɑd ˈlɑrʤli ˌɪnkəˈpæsɪˌteɪtɪd. hɪz, kraʊn prɪns ˌæbˈdələ, ˈgræʤuəli tʊk ˈoʊvər moʊst əv ðə kɪŋz riˌspɑnsəˈbɪlətiz ənˈtɪl dɛθ ɪn ˈɔgəst 2005 ˌæbˈdələ wɑz proʊˈkleɪmd kɪŋ ɔn ðə deɪ əv dɛθ ənd ˈprɑmptli əˈpɔɪntɪd hɪz ˈjəŋgər ˈbrəðər, ˈsəltən bɪn æbˌduləˈziz, ðə ˈmɪnɪstər əv dɪˈfɛns ənd "ˈsɛkənd ˈdɛpjəti praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər," ɛz ðə nu ɛr əˈpɛrənt. ɔn 27 mɑrʧ 2009 ˌæbˈdələ əˈpɔɪntɪd prɪns ˌɪnˈtɪriər ˈmɪnɪstər ɛz hɪz "ˈsɛkənd ˈdɛpjəti praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər" ənd kraʊn prɪns ɔn 27 ˈsəltən daɪd ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər 2011 waɪl daɪd ɪn ʤəˈnivə, sˈwɪtsərlənd ɔn 15 ʤun 2012 ɔn 23 ˈʤænjuˌɛri 2015 ˌæbˈdələ daɪd ˈæftər ə prəˈlɔŋd ˈɪlnəs, ənd hɪz, kraʊn prɪns ˈsæmən bɪn æbˌduləˈziz æl sɔd, wɑz dɪˈklɛrd ðə nu kɪŋ. pəˈlɪtɪkəl paʊər ˈɛdət kraʊn prɪns ənd dɪˈfɛns ˈmɪnɪstər moʊˈhɑmɛd wɪθ juz. ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv dɪˈfɛns ˈæʃtən ˈkɑrtər ˈpɛnɪˌgɑn, 13 meɪ 2015 ðə hɛd əv ðə haʊs əv sɔd ɪz ðə kɪŋ əv ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə hu sərvz ɛz hɛd əv steɪt ənd ˈmɑˌnɑrk əv ðə ˈkɪŋdəm əv ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə. ðə kɪŋ hoʊldz ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈæbsəˌlut pəˈlɪtɪkəl paʊər. ðə kɪŋ əˈpɔɪnts ˈmɪnɪstərz tɪ hɪz ˈkæbənət hu ˈsupərˌvaɪz ðɛr rɪˈspɛktɪv ˈmɪnɪstriz ɪn hɪz neɪm. ðə ki ˈmɪnɪstriz əv dɪˈfɛns, ðə ˌɪnˈtɪriər, ənd ˈfɔrən əˈfɛrz ər ˈjuʒəwəli hɛld baɪ ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə sɔd ˈfæməli, ɛz ər moʊst əv ðə ˈθərˈtin ˈriʤənəl ˈgəvərnərˌʃɪps. moʊst pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, səʧ ɛz ˈfaɪˌnæns, ˈleɪbər, ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, ˈplænɪŋ, pəˈtroʊliəm əˈfɛrz ənd ˈɪndəstri, hæv trəˈdɪʃənəli bɪn ˈgɪvɪn tɪ ˈkɑmənərz, ˈɔfən wɪθ ˈʤunjər æl sɔd ˈmɛmbərz ˈsərvɪŋ ɛz ðɛr ˈdɛpjətiz. haʊs əv sɔd ˈfæməli ˈmɛmbərz ˈɔlsoʊ hoʊld ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈkɪŋdəmz ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ənd ˌgəvərnˈmɛntəl dɪˌpɑrtˈmɛnəl poʊsts. ˈəltəmət paʊər ɪn ðə ˈkɪŋdəm həz ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈrɛstɪd əˈpɑn ðə æl sɔd, ðoʊ səˈpɔrt frəm ðə, ðə ˈmərʧənt kəmˈjunɪti, ənd ðə ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən æt lɑrʤ həz bɪn ki tɪ ðə ˈmeɪntənəns əv ðə rɔɪəl ˈfæməliz pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈstætəs kwoʊ. ˈlɔŋˈtərm pəˈlɪtɪkəl ənd ˈgəvərnmənt əˈpɔɪntmənts hæv əˈkərd, səʧ ɛz ðoʊz əv kɪŋ ˈfeɪzəl, hu wɑz ˈfɔrən ˈmɪnɪstər ˈɔlˌmoʊst kənˈtɪnjuəsli frəm 1932 tɪ 1975 kɪŋ ˌæbˈdələ, hu wɑz kəˈmændər əv ðə ˈnæʃənəl gɑrd frəm 1963 tɪ 2010 ənd ˈfɔrmər kraʊn prɪns ˈsəltən bɪn æbˌduləˈziz, hu wɑz ˈmɪnɪstər əv dɪˈfɛns ənd ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən frəm 1962 ənˈtɪl hɪz dɛθ ɪn 2011 səʧ tərmz əv ˈsərvɪs hæv ɪˈneɪbəld ˈsinjər ˈprɪnsɪz tɪ ˈmɪŋgəl ðɛr ˈpərsɪnəl wɛlθ wɪθ ðət əv ðɛr rɪˈspɛktɪv doʊˈmeɪnz. ðeɪ hæv ˈɔfən əˈpɔɪntɪd ðɛr oʊn sənz tɪ ˈsinjər pəˈzɪʃənz wɪˈθɪn ðɛr oʊn ˈfifdəm. ɪgˈzæmpəlz əv ðiz ˌɪnˈklud prɪns bɪn ˌæbˈdələ ɛz əˈsɪstənt kəˈmændər ɪn ðə ˈnæʃənəl gɑrd ənˈtɪl 2010 prɪns ˈkɑlɪd bɪn ˈsəltən ɛz əˈsɪstənt ˈmɪnɪstər əv dɪˈfɛns ənˈtɪl 2013 prɪns ˈmænsər bɪn ɛz əˈsɪstənt ˈmɪnɪstər fər mjuˈnɪsəpəl ənd ˈrʊrəl əˈfɛrz ənˈtɪl hi ˌriˈpleɪst hɪz ˈfɑðər ɪn 2009 ənd prɪns moʊˈhæmɪd bɪn ɛz əˈsɪstənt ˈmɪnɪstər ɪn ðə ˌɪnˈtɪriər ˈmɪnɪstri. ɪn ˈkeɪsɪz, wɛr pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊz hæv ˈnoʊtəbli səbˈstænʃəl ˈbəʤɪts, əˈpɔɪntmənts əv ˈjəŋgər, ˈɔfən fʊl, ˈbrəðərz hæv bɪn ˈnɛsəˌsɛri, ɛz ˈdɛpjətiz ər vaɪs ˈmɪnɪstərz, ɑˈstɛnsəbli tɪ ʃɛr ðə wɛlθ ənd ðə ˈbərdənz əv riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti, əv iʧ ˈfifdəm. ɪgˈzæmpəlz əv ðiz ˌɪnˈklud prɪns æbˈdul ˈrɑmən hu wɑz vaɪs ˈmɪnɪstər əv dɪˈfɛns ənd ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən ˈəndər prɪns ˈsəltən; prɪns badr*, ˈdɛpjəti tɪ kɪŋ ˌæbˈdələ ɪn ðə ˈnæʃənəl gɑrd; prɪns sattam*, hu wɑz ˈdɛpjəti riɑd ˈgəvərnər ˈdʊrɪŋ kɪŋ tərm; ənd prɪns ˈɑmɛd, hu hɛld ðə ˈdɛpjəti ˈmɪnɪstərz pɔrtˈfoʊliˌoʊ ˈəndər prɪns ˌɪnˈtɪriər ˈmɪnɪstri. ənˈlaɪk ˈwɛstərn rɔɪəl ˈfæməliz, ðə ˈsɔdi ˈmɑnɑrki həz nɑt hæd ə ˈklɪrli dɪˈfaɪnd ˈɔrdər əv səkˈsɛʃən. hɪˈstɔrɪkəli, əˈpɑn bɪˈkəmɪŋ kɪŋ, ðə ˈmɑˌnɑrk həz ˈdɛzɪgˌneɪtɪd ən ɛr əˈpɛrənt tɪ ðə θroʊn hu sərvz ɛz kraʊn prɪns əv ðə ˈkɪŋdəm. əˈpɑn ðə kɪŋz dɛθ ðə kraʊn prɪns bɪˈkəmz kɪŋ, ənd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə kɪŋz ˌɪnkəˌpæsɪˈteɪʃən ðə kraʊn prɪns, ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz, əˈsumz paʊər ɛz ˈriʤənt. ðoʊ ˈəðər ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə æl sɔd hoʊld pəˈlɪtɪkəl pəˈzɪʃənz ɪn ðə ˈsɔdi ˈgəvərnmənt, ˈtɛknɪkəli ɪt ɪz ˈoʊnli ðə kɪŋ ənd kraʊn prɪns hu ˈligəli ˈkɑnstəˌtut ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz. səkˈsɛʃən ˈɛdət səkˈsɛʃən həz bɪn frəm sɪns ðə dɛθ əv ðə ˈfaʊndər əv ˈmɑdərn ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə. ˈɪbən sɔd wɑz səkˈsidɪd baɪ hɪz sən sɔd. sɔd wɑz səkˈsidɪd baɪ hɪz ˈbrəðər ˈfeɪzəl. ˈfeɪzəl wɑz səkˈsidɪd baɪ hɪz ˈbrəðər ˈkɑlɪd hu, ɪn tərn, wɑz səkˈsidɪd baɪ hɪz ˈbrəðər fɑd. fɑd wɑz səkˈsidɪd baɪ hɪz ˈbrəðər ˌæbˈdələ, ənd ˌæbˈdələ baɪ hɪz ˈbrəðər ˈsæmən, ðə ˈkɑrənt kɪŋ. ˈsæmən əˈpɔɪntɪd hɪz ɛz kraʊn prɪns ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 2015 ənd riˈmuvd ɪm ɪn ˈeɪprəl 2015 ˈivɪn ˈjəŋgəst sən wɑz tɪ tərn 70 ɪn 2015 æbˌduləˈziz, ɪn 1920 hæd sɛd ðət ðə ˈfərðər səkˈsɛʃən wʊd bi frəm, nɑt frəm father-to-son*. kɪŋ ˈsæmən ˈɛndɪd ðə səkˈsɛʃən ənd əˈpɔɪntɪd hɪz ˈnɛfju mʊˈhɑməd bɪn ɛz kraʊn prɪns ɪn ˈeɪprəl 2015 ðəs ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə nɛkst səkˈsɛʃən frəm uncle-to-nephew*. æt ðə seɪm taɪm, kɪŋ ˈsæmən əˈpɔɪntɪd hɪz sən, moʊˈhɑmɛd bɪn ˈsæmən, ɛz ˈdɛpjəti kraʊn prɪns, ðəs ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ səkˈsɛʃən frəm cousin-to-cousin*, ɛz moʊˈhɑmɛd bɪn ˈsæmən ɪz ðə ˈkəzən əv kraʊn prɪns mʊˈhɑməd bɪn. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪn ʤun 2017 ˈsæmən ˈɛləˌveɪtɪd moʊˈhɑmɛd bɪn ˈsæmən tɪ kraʊn prɪns, ˈfɑloʊɪŋ hɪz dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ dɪˈpoʊz mʊˈhɑməd bɪn əv ɔl pəˈzɪʃənz, ˈmeɪkɪŋ hɪz sən ɛr əˈpɛrənt tɪ ðə θroʊn, ənd ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə nɛkst səkˈsɛʃən father-to-son*, fər ðə fərst taɪm sɪns 1953 wɪn sɔd bɪn æbˌduləˈziz æl sɔd səkˈsidɪd hɪz ˈfɑðər, ðə ˈfaʊndər əv ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə, ˈɪbən əˈmɪd ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈaʊtˌkraɪ ˈoʊvər ðə ˈkɪlɪŋ əv ʤəˈmɑl kəˈʃɑʤi, ˈmɛmbərz əv rɔɪəl ˈfæməliz ər dɪˈstrɛst ˈoʊvər ðə kraʊn prɪns moʊˈhɑmɛd bɪn ˈsæmən bɪˈkəmɪŋ ðə nɛkst kɪŋ. ə lɔt əv ˈprɪnsɪz ənd ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə æl sɔd ˈfæməli wɔnt prɪns ˈɑmɛd tɪ bɪˈkəm ðə nɛkst kɪŋ ˌɪnˈstɛd əv. ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz ˈləndən tʊr, prɪns ˈɑmɛd ˈkrɪtəˌsaɪzd ðə ˈsɔdi ˈlidərˌʃɪp. hi wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ðə ˈoʊnli ˈmɛmbər əv ðə ˈrulɪŋ ˈfæməli tɪ əˈpoʊz frəm bɪˈkəmɪŋ ðə kraʊn prɪns ɪn wɛlθ ˈɛdət ɪn ʤun 2015 fɔrbz ˈlɪstɪd prɪns bɪn təˈlɑl ɛz ðə mæn ɪn ðə wərld, wɪθ ən ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd nɛt wərθ əv prɪns hæd ə nɛt wərθ əv ˈbɪljən ɪn kɪŋ ˈsæmən hæd ə nɛt wərθ ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd æt ˈbɪljən ɪn ðə nɛt wərθ əv ðə ɪnˈtaɪər rɔɪəl ˈfæməli həz bɪn ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd æt wɛl ˈoʊvər ˈtrɪljən wɪʧ meɪks ðɛm wən əv ðə ˈwɛlθiəst ˈfæməliz ɪn ðə wərld ɪf nɑt ðə ˈmɛni ˈprɪnsɪz ənd ˈgəvərnmənt əˈfɪʃəlz hæv bɪn ərˈɛstɪd ɪn ðə 2017 ɪn əˈlɛʤd ˈænˌti kərˈəpʃən kæmˈpeɪn baɪ ðə kɪŋ ənd kraʊn prɪns. juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈdɑnəld trəmp həz ɪkˈsprɛst səˈpɔrt fər ðə ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən ˈɛdət du tɪ ɪts əˌθɔrəˈtɛriən ənd rul, ðə haʊs əv sɔd həz əˈtræktəd məʧ ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm ˈdʊrɪŋ ɪts rul əv ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə. ðɛr hæv bɪn ˈnumərəs ˈɪnsədənts, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə mɪˈlɪʃə ˈəˌpraɪzɪŋ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə reɪn əv ˈɪbən sɔd. oʊˈsɑmə bɪn ˈleɪdən, ə ˈkrɪtɪk əv ðə ˈjuˈɛs, wɑz ə ˈkrɪtɪk əv ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə ənd wɑz ɪn ðə mɪd ɔn 20 noʊˈvɛmbər 1979 ðə grænd mɔsk ˈsiʒər sɔ ðə ɪn ˈmɛkə ˈvaɪələntli sizd baɪ ə grup əv 500 ˈhɛvəli ɑrmd ənd ˈsɔdi ˈdɪsədənts lɛd baɪ ənd ˌæbˈdələ kənˈsɪstɪŋ ˈmoʊstli əv ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈfɔrmər mɪˈlɪʃə əv bət ˈɔlsoʊ əv ˈəðər pəˈnɪnsələr ˈærəbz ənd ə fju ɪˈʤɪpʃənz ɛnˈroʊld ɪn ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˈstədiz æt ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv madinah*. ðə ˈsɔdi rɔɪəl ˈfæməli tərnd tɪ ðə hu ˈduli ˈɪʃud ə ˈfɑtwɑ pərˈmɪtɪŋ ðə ˈstɔrmɪŋ əv ðə ˈhoʊli ˈsæŋkʧuˌɛri baɪ ˈsɔdi ˈfɔrsɪz, ˈeɪdɪd baɪ frɛnʧ ənd ˌpækɪˈstæni ˈspɛʃəl ɑps əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈlɔrəns raɪt, ðə kəˈmænˌdoʊz dɪd ˈkɑnvərt tɪ moʊst əv ðoʊz riˈspɑnsəbəl, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ hɪmˈsɛlf, wər bɪˈhɛdɪd ˈpəblɪkli ɪn fɔr ˈsɪtiz əv ˈsɔdi ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 2016 ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə ˈɛksəˌkjutɪd ðə ˈprɑmənənt ʃiaɪt ˈklɛrɪk ʃik nimr*, hu hæd kɔld fər ˌdɛmənˈstreɪʃənz, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈəðər ˈsɔdi ˈʃiə ˈsɪtɪzənz ˈsɛntənst baɪ ðə ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzd ˈkrɪmənəl kɔrt ɔn ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm sɪns meɪ 2017 ɪn rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈproʊˌtɛsts əˈgɛnst ðə dɪˈskəs], ðə ˌprɪˈdɑmənənˌtli ˈʃiə taʊn əv həz bɪn pʊt ˈəndər fʊl siʤ baɪ ðə ˈsɔdi ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri. ˈrɛzɪdənts ər nɑt əˈlaʊd tɪ ˈɛnər ər liv, ənd ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˌɪndɪˈskrɪmənəˌtli ʃɛlz ðə ˈneɪbərˌhʊdz wɪθ ˈɛrˌstraɪks, ənd faɪər əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈʃutɪŋ ˈdəzənz əv ˈʃiə səˈvɪljənz wər kɪld, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ə θri jɪr oʊld ə ðə ˈsɔdi ˈgəvərnmənt kleɪmz ɪt ɪz ˈfaɪtɪŋ ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts ɪn. kraʊn prɪns moʊˈhæmɪd bɪn ˈsæmən kɛpt hɪz oʊn ˈməðər əˈweɪ frəm hɪz ˈfɑðər fər mɔr ðən tu jɪrz, aʊt əv ðə fɪr ðət ʃi wʊd stɑp ðə kɪŋ frəm ˈgɪvɪŋ ðə paʊər tɪ ɪm. ˈprɪnsɛs æl hathleen*, θərd waɪf əv kɪŋ ˈsæmən wɑz sɛd tɪ bi ɪn ðə ˈjuˈɛs fər ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈtritmənt. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns ʃi wɑz nɑt ɪn ðə hɛdz ˈɛdət fərst ˈsɔdi steɪt ˈɛdət ˈsɛkənd ˈsɔdi steɪt ˈɛdət 1 ˈɪbən ˌæbˈdælə ruld 2 ənd 5 ˈfeɪzəl ˈɪbən æl sɔd ruld ənd sən əv 3 ˈkɑlɪd bɪn sɔd ˈɪbən ˈɪbən mʊˈhɑməd ˈɪbən sɔd ruld ˈdɪstənt ˈkəzən 4 ˌæbˈdələ ˈɪbən ruld ˈdɪstənt ˈkəzən 6 8 ənd 11 ˌæbˈdələ bɪn ˈfeɪzəl bɪn æl sɔd ruld sən əv ˈfeɪzəl 7 ənd 9 sɔd ˈɪbən ˈfeɪzəl ˈɪbən (daɪd 1875 ruld 1871 ənd sən əv ˈfeɪzəl 10 ənd 12 bɪn ˈfeɪzəl ruld ənd sən əv ˈfeɪzəl ˈkɪŋdəm əv ˈsɔdi əˈreɪbiə ˈɛdət rɔɪəl ˈstændərd əv ðə kɪŋ moʊst ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈkɑrənt ˈmɛmbərz ˈɛdət sənz əv kɪŋ æbˌduləˈziz ˈɛdət ðə lɪst əv kɪŋ sərˈvaɪvɪŋ sənz, ɪkˈsɛpt fər ˈkɑrənt ˈsɔdi ˈmɑˌnɑrk ˈsæmən, ər ɛz ˈfɑloʊz: ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈdɔtər əv kɪŋ æbˌduləˈziz ˈɛdət si ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɛdət ˈrɛfərənsɪz ˈɛdət ˈfərðər ˈrɛdɪŋ ˈɛdət

the house of saud (arabic: آلسعود‎, translit. ʾāl suʿūd ipa: [ʔaːl sʊʕuːd]) is the ruling royal family of saudi arabia. it is composed of the descendants of muhammad bin saud, founder of the emirate of diriyah, known as the first saudi state (1744–1818), and his brothers, though the ruling faction of the family is primarily led by the descendants of ibn saud, the modern founder of saudi arabia.[1] the most influential position of the royal family is the king of saudi arabia. king salman, who reigns currently, chose first his nephew and then his son as the crown prince without consulting the allegiance council. the family is estimated to comprise 15,000 members, but the majority of the power and wealth is possessed by a group of about 2,000 of them.[2][3] the house of saud has gone through three phases: the emirate of diriyah, the first saudi state (1744–1818), marked by the expansion of wahhabism; the emirate of nejd, the second saudi state (1824–1891), marked with continuous infighting; and the third saudi state (1902–present), which evolved into saudi arabia in 1932 and now wields considerable influence in the middle east. the family has had conflicts with the ottoman empire, the sharif of mecca, the al rashid family of ha'il and their vassal houses in najd, numerous islamist groups both inside and outside saudi arabia and shia minority in saudi arabia. the succession to the saudi arabian throne was designed to pass from one son of the first king, ibn saud, to another. the next in line, crown prince mohammad bin salman, is the son of king salman.[4][5][6] the king-appointed cabinet includes more members of the royal family. the monarchy was hereditary by agnatic seniority until 2006, when a royal decree provided that future saudi kings are to be elected by a committee of saudi princes.[7] title [ edit ] genealogical table of the leaders of the āl saud house of saud is a translation of al saud, an arabic dynastic name formed by adding the word al (meaning "family of" or "house of")[8] to the personal name of an ancestor. in the case of the al saud, the ancestor is saud ibn muhammad ibn muqrin, the father of the dynasty's 18th century founder muhammad bin saud (muhammad, son of saud).[9] today, the surname "al saud" is carried by any descendant of muhammad bin saud or his three brothers farhan, thunayyan, and mishari. al saud's other family branches like saud al-kabir, the al jiluwi, the al thunayan, the al mishari and the al farhan are called cadet branches. members of the cadet branches hold high and influential positions in government though they are not in the line of succession to the saudi throne. many cadet members intermarry within the al saud to reestablish their lineage and continue to wield influence in the government.[10][11] all members of the royal family have the title of emir (prince) but sons, daughters, patrilineal granddaughters and grandsons of ibn saud are referred to by the style "his royal highness" (hrh), differing from those belonging to the cadet branches who are called "his highness" (hh), while the reigning king has the additional title of custodian of the two holy mosques.[10][11][12] history [ edit ] origins and early history [ edit ] the earliest recorded ancestor of the al saud was mani' ibn rabiah al-muraydi who settled in diriyah in 1446–1447 with his clan, the mrudah.[13] although the mrudah are believed to be descended from the rabi'ah tribal confederation, it is unclear whether they trace their ancestry to the banu hanifa or the 'anizza branches of the rabi'ah.[13] mani was invited by a relative named ibn dir. ibn dir was the ruler of a set of villages and estates that make up modern-day riyadh.[14][15][16] mani's clan had been on a sojourn in east arabia, near al-qatif, from an unknown point in time. ibn dir handed mani two estates called al-mulaybeed and ghusayba. mani and his family settled and renamed the region "al-diriyah", after their benefactor ibn dir.[17][18] the mrudah became rulers of al-diriyah, which prospered along the banks of wadi hanifa and became an important najdi settlement. as the clan grew larger, power struggles ensued, with one branch leaving for nearby dhruma, while another branch (the "al watban") left for the town of az-zubayr in southern iraq. the al muqrin became the ruling family among the mrudah in diriyah. the name of the clan comes from sheikh saud ibn muhammad ibn muqrin who died in 1725.[19] first saudi state [ edit ] the first saudi state was founded in 1744. this period was marked by conquest of neighboring areas and by religious zeal. at its height, the first saudi state included most of the territory of modern-day saudi arabia, and raids by al saud's allies and followers reached into yemen, oman, syria, and iraq. islamic scholars, particularly muhammad ibn abdul wahhab and his descendants, are believed to have played a significant role in saudi rule during this period. the saudis and their allies referred to themselves during this period as the muwahhidun or ahl al-tawhid ("the monotheists"). later they were referred to as the wahhabis, a group of particularly strict, puritanical sunni sect, named for its founder. leadership of the al saud during the time of their first state passed from father to son without incident. the first imam, muhammad ibn saud, was succeeded by his eldest son abdulaziz in 1765. in 1802, abdulaziz led ten thousand wahhabi soldiers into an attack on the shi'ite holy city of karbala, in what is now southern iraq and where hussein ibn ali, the grandson of the prophet muhammad is buried.[20] led by abdulaziz, the wahhabi soldiers killed more than two thousand people, including women and children.[20] the soldiers plundered the city, demolishing the massive golden dome above hussein's tomb and loaded hundreds of camels with weapons, jewelry, coins and other valuable goods.[20] the attack on karbala convinced the ottomans and the egyptians that the saudis were a threat to regional peace.[21] abdulaziz was killed in 1803 by an assassin, believed by some to have been a shi'ite seeking revenge over the sacking of karbala the year before. abdul-aziz was in turn succeeded by his son, saud, under whose rule the saudi state reached its greatest extent. by the time saud died in 1814, his son and successor abdullah ibn saud had to contend with an ottoman-egyptian invasion in the ottoman–wahhabi war seeking to retake lost ottoman empire territory. the mainly egyptian force succeeded in defeating abdullah's forces, taking over the saudi capital of diriyyah in 1818. abdullah was taken prisoner and was soon beheaded by the ottomans in constantinople, putting an end to the first saudi state. the egyptians sent many members of the al saud clan and other members of the local nobility as prisoners to egypt and constantinople, and razed the saudi capital diriyyah. second saudi state [ edit ] flag of the second saudi state a few years after the fall of diriyah in 1818, the saudis were able to re-establish their authority in najd, establishing the emirate of nejd, commonly known as the second saudi state, with its capital in riyadh. compared to the first saudi state, the second saudi period was marked by less territorial expansion (it never reconquered the hijaz or 'asir, for example) and less religious zeal, although the saudi leaders continued to go by the title of imam and still employed salafi religious scholars. the second state was also marked by severe internal conflicts within the saudi family, eventually leading to the dynasty's downfall. in all but one instance, succession occurred by assassination or civil war, the exception being the passage of authority from faisal ibn turki to his son abdullah ibn faisal ibn turki. saudi arabia [ edit ] after his defeat at mulayda, abdul-rahman ibn faisal went with his family into exile in the deserts of eastern arabia among the al murra bedouin. soon afterward, however, he found refuge in kuwait as a guest of the kuwaiti emir, mubarak al sabah. in 1902, abdul-rahman's son, abdul aziz, took on the task of restoring saudi rule in riyadh. supported by a few dozen followers and accompanied by some of his brothers and relatives, abdul aziz was able to capture riyadh's masmak fort and kill the governor appointed there by ibn rashid. abdul aziz, reported to have been barely 20 at the time, was immediately proclaimed ruler in riyadh. as the new leader of the house of saud, abdul aziz became commonly known from that time onward as "ibn saud" in western sources, though he is still called "abdul aziz" in the arab world. ibn saud spent the next three decades trying to re-establish his family's rule over central arabia, starting with his native najd. his chief rivals were the al rashid clan in ha'il, the sharifs of mecca in the hijaz, and the ottoman turks in al-hasa. ibn saud also had to contend, however, with the descendants of his late uncle saud ibn faisal (later known as the "saud al-kabir" branch of the family), who posed as the rightful heirs to the throne. though for a time acknowledging the sovereignty of the ottoman sultans and even taking the title of pasha, ibn saud allied himself to the british, in opposition to the ottoman-backed al rashid. from 1915 to 1927, ibn saud's dominions were a protectorate of the british empire, pursuant to the 1915 treaty of darin. ibn saud won final victory over the rashidis in 1921, making him the ruler of most of central arabia. he consolidated his dominions as the sultanate of nejd. he then turned his attention to the hijaz, finally conquering it in 1926, just months before the british protectorate ended. for the next five and a half years, he administered the two parts of his dual realm, the kingdom of hijaz and nejd, as separate units. by 1932, ibn saud had disposed of all his main rivals and consolidated his rule over much of the arabian peninsula. he united his dominions into the kingdom of saudi arabia that year. ibn saud's father, abdul rahman retained the honorary title of "imam." in 1937 near dammam, american surveyors discovered what later proved to be saudi arabia's vast oil reserves. before the discovery of oil, many family members were destitute.[22] ibn saud sired dozens of children by his many wives. he had at most only four wives at one time. he divorced and married many times. he made sure to marry into many of the noble clans and tribes within his territory, including the chiefs of the bani khalid, ajman, and shammar tribes, as well as the al ash-sheikh (descendants of muhammad ibn abd al-wahhab). he also arranged for his sons and relatives to enter into similar marriages. he appointed his eldest surviving son, saud as heir apparent, to be succeeded by the next eldest son, faisal. the saudi family became known as the "royal family," and each member, male and female, was accorded the title amir ("prince") or amira ("princess"), respectively. ibn saud died in 1953, after having cemented an alliance with the united states in 1945. he is still celebrated officially as the "founder," and only his direct descendants may take on the title of "his or her royal highness." the date of his recapture of riyadh in 1902 was chosen to mark saudi arabia's centennial in 1999 (according to the islamic lunar calendar). upon ibn saud's death, his son saud assumed the throne without incident, but his lavish spending led to a power struggle with his brother, crown prince faisal. in 1964, the royal family forced saud to abdicate in favor of faisal, aided by an edict from the country's grand mufti. during this period, some of ibn saud's younger sons, led by talal ibn abdul aziz defected to egypt, calling themselves the "free princes" and calling for liberalization and reform, but were later induced to return by faisal. they were fully pardoned but were also barred from any future positions in government. u.s. president barack obama offers condolences on death of saudi king abdullah, riyadh , 27 january 2015 faisal was assassinated in 1975 by a nephew, faisal ibn musaid, who was promptly executed. another brother, khalid, assumed the throne. the next prince in line had actually been prince muhammad, but he had relinquished his claim to the throne in favor of khalid, his only full brother. khalid died of a heart attack in 1982, and was succeeded by fahd, the eldest of the powerful "sudairi seven", so-called because they were all sons of ibn saud by his wife hassa al sudairi. fahd did away with the previous royal title of "his majesty" and replaced it with the honorific "custodian of the two holy mosques", in reference to the two islamic holy sites in mecca and medina, in 1986. a stroke in 1995 left fahd largely incapacitated. his half-brother, crown prince abdullah, gradually took over most of the king's responsibilities until fahd's death in august 2005. abdullah was proclaimed king on the day of fahd's death and promptly appointed his younger brother, sultan bin abdulaziz, the minister of defense and fahd's "second deputy prime minister," as the new heir apparent. on 27 march 2009, abdullah appointed prince nayef interior minister as his "second deputy prime minister" and crown prince on 27 october.[23] sultan died in october 2011 while nayef died in geneva, switzerland on 15 june 2012. on 23 january 2015, abdullah died after a prolonged illness, and his half-brother, crown prince salman bin abdulaziz al saud, was declared the new king. political power [ edit ] crown prince and defence minister mohammad with u.s. secretary of defense ashton carter , pentagon, 13 may 2015 the head of the house of saud is the king of saudi arabia who serves as head of state and monarch of the kingdom of saudi arabia. the king holds almost absolute political power. the king appoints ministers to his cabinet who supervise their respective ministries in his name. the key ministries of defence, the interior, and foreign affairs are usually held by members of the saud family, as are most of the thirteen regional governorships. most portfolios, however, such as finance, labor, information, planning, petroleum affairs and industry, have traditionally been given to commoners, often with junior al saud members serving as their deputies. house of saud family members also hold many of the kingdom's critical military and governmental departmental posts. ultimate power in the kingdom has always rested upon the al saud, though support from the ulema, the merchant community, and the population at large has been key to the maintenance of the royal family's political status quo. long-term political and government appointments have occurred, such as those of king faisal, who was foreign minister almost continuously from 1932 to 1975, king abdullah, who was commander of the national guard from 1963 to 2010, and former crown prince sultan bin abdulaziz, who was minister of defence and aviation from 1962 until his death in 2011. such terms of service have enabled senior princes to mingle their personal wealth with that of their respective domains. they have often appointed their own sons to senior positions within their own fiefdom. examples of these include prince mutaib bin abdullah as assistant commander in the national guard until 2010; prince khalid bin sultan as assistant minister of defence until 2013; prince mansour bin mutaib as assistant minister for municipal and rural affairs until he replaced his father in 2009; and prince mohammed bin nayef as assistant minister in the interior ministry. in cases, where portfolios have notably substantial budgets, appointments of younger, often full, brothers have been necessary, as deputies or vice ministers, ostensibly to share the wealth and the burdens of responsibility, of each fiefdom. examples of these include prince abdul rahman who was vice minister of defence and aviation under prince sultan; prince badr, deputy to king abdullah in the national guard; prince sattam, who was deputy riyadh governor during king salman's term; and prince ahmed, who held the deputy minister's portfolio under prince nayef's interior ministry. unlike western royal families, the saudi monarchy has not had a clearly defined order of succession. historically, upon becoming king, the monarch has designated an heir apparent to the throne who serves as crown prince of the kingdom. upon the king's death the crown prince becomes king, and during the king's incapacitation the crown prince, likewise, assumes power as regent. though other members of the al saud hold political positions in the saudi government, technically it is only the king and crown prince who legally constitute the political institutions. succession [ edit ] succession has been from brother-to-brother since the death of the founder of modern saudi arabia. ibn saud was succeeded by his son saud. saud was succeeded by his brother faisal. faisal was succeeded by his brother khalid who, in turn, was succeeded by his brother fahd. fahd was succeeded by his brother abdullah, and abdullah by his brother salman, the current king. salman appointed his half-brother muqrin as crown prince in january 2015 and removed him in april 2015. even abdulaziz's youngest son was to turn 70 in 2015. abdulaziz, in 1920, had said that the further succession would be from brother-to-brother, not from father-to-son. king salman ended the brother-to-brother succession and appointed his 56-year-old nephew muhammad bin nayef as crown prince in april 2015, thus making the next succession from uncle-to-nephew. at the same time, king salman appointed his son, mohammad bin salman, as deputy crown prince, thus making the following succession from cousin-to-cousin, as mohammad bin salman is the cousin of crown prince muhammad bin nayef. however, in june 2017, salman elevated mohammad bin salman to crown prince, following his decision to depose muhammad bin nayef of all positions, making his son heir apparent to the throne, and making the next succession father-to-son, for the first time since 1953, when saud bin abdulaziz al saud succeeded his father, the founder of saudi arabia, ibn saud.[4][5][6] amid international outcry over the killing of jamal khashoggi, members of saudi's royal families are distressed over the crown prince mohammad bin salman becoming the next king. a lot of princes and members of the al saud family want prince ahmed to become the next king instead of mbs. during his london tour, prince ahmed criticized the saudi leadership. he was also the only member of the ruling family to oppose mbs from becoming the crown prince in 2017.[24] wealth [ edit ] in june 2015 forbes listed prince al-waleed bin talal as the 34th-richest man in the world, with an estimated net worth of us$28 billion.[25] prince al-waleed had a net worth of $20.4 billion in 2014.[26] king salman had a net worth estimated at us$17 billion in 2016.[27] the net worth of the entire royal family has been estimated at well over $1.4 trillion which makes them one of the wealthiest families in the world if not the wealthiest.[28] many princes and government officials have been arrested in the 2017 in alleged anti corruption campaign by the king and crown prince. united states president donald trump has expressed support for the arrests.[29] opposition [ edit ] due to its authoritarian and quasi-theocratic rule, the house of saud has attracted much criticism during its rule of saudi arabia. there have been numerous incidents, including the wahhabi ikhwan militia uprising during the reign of ibn saud. osama bin laden, a critic of the us, was a critic of saudi arabia and was denaturalized in the mid 1990s.[30] on 20 november 1979, the grand mosque seizure saw the al-masjid al-haram in mecca violently seized by a group of 500 heavily armed and provisioned saudi dissidents led by juhayman al-otaybi and abdullah al-qahtani,[31] consisting mostly of members of the former ikhwan militia of otaibah[32] but also of other peninsular arabs and a few egyptians enrolled in islamic studies at the islamic university of madinah. the saudi royal family turned to the ulema who duly issued a fatwa permitting the storming of the holy sanctuary by saudi forces, aided by french and pakistani special ops units.[33] according to lawrence wright, the gign commandos did convert to islam.[34] most of those responsible, including al-otaybi himself, were beheaded publicly in four cities of saudi arabia.[35] in january 2016, saudi arabia executed the prominent shiite cleric sheikh nimr, who had called for pro-democracy demonstrations, along with forty-seven other saudi shia citizens sentenced by the specialized criminal court on terrorism charges.[36] since may 2017 in response to protests against the government[disputed – discuss], the predominantly shia town of al-awamiyah has been put under full siege by the saudi military. residents are not allowed to enter or leave, and military indiscriminately shells the neighborhoods with airstrikes, mortar[37] and artillery[38] fire along with snipers[39] shooting residents.[40][41][42][43] dozens of shia civilians were killed, including a three year old and[44] a two-year-old child.[45][46] the saudi government claims it is fighting terrorists in al-awamiyah. crown prince mohammed bin salman kept his own mother away from his father for more than two years, out of the fear that she would stop the king from giving the power to him. princess fahda bint falah al hathleen, third wife of king salman was said to be in the us for medical treatment. however, according to the us intelligence she was not in the country.[47] heads [ edit ] first saudi state [ edit ] second saudi state [ edit ] 1. turki ibn abdallah (1755–1834) ruled 1824[49]−1834 2 and 5. faisal ibn turki al saud (1785–1865) ruled 1834–1838 and 1843–1865. son of turki 3. khalid bin saud ibn abdul-aziz ibn muhammad ibn saud ruled 1838–1841. distant cousin 4. abdullah ibn thunayyan ruled 1841–1843. distant cousin 6, 8, and 11. abdullah bin faisal bin turki al saud ruled 1865–1871, 1871–1873, 1876–1889. son of faisal 7 and 9. saud ibn faisal ibn turki (died 1875) ruled 1871 and 1873–1875. son of faisal 10 and 12. abdul-rahman bin faisal (1850–1928) ruled 1875–1876 and 1889–1891. son of faisal kingdom of saudi arabia [ edit ] royal standard of the king most notable current members [ edit ] sons of king abdulaziz [ edit ] the list of king abdulaziz's surviving sons, except for current saudi monarch salman, are as follows: living daughter of king abdulaziz [ edit ] see also [ edit ] references [ edit ] further reading [ edit ]

ˈmɪʧəl ˈɪmɪʤɪz ðə bləd klɑt ðət pʊt ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri əv steɪt ˈhɪləri ˈklɪntən ɪn ðə ˈhɑˌspɪtəl wɑz faʊnd ɪn hər hɛd bɪtˈwin hər breɪn ənd skəl bɪˈhaɪnd ðə raɪt ɪr, hər ˈdɑktərz sɛd təˈdeɪ. "ɪt dɪd nɑt rɪˈzəlt ɪn ə stroʊk, ər ˌnʊrəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈdæmɪʤ," hər ˈdɑktərz, drs*. ˈlisə ənd ˈʤiʤi el-bayoumi*, sɛd ɪn ə ʤɔɪnt ˈsteɪtmənt. "tɪ hɛlp dɪˈzɑlv ðɪs klɑt, hər ˈmɛdɪkəl tim bɪˈgæn ˈtritɪŋ ðə ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri wɪθ bləd thinners*." ðə ˈdɑktərz sɛd ˈklɪntən wɪl bi riˈlist "wəns ðə ˌmɛdəˈkeɪʃən doʊs həz bɪn ɪˈstæblɪʃt." ˈklɪntən, 65 wɑz ədˈmɪtəd tɪ nu jɔrk ˌprɛzbɪˈtɪriən ˈhɑˌspɪtəl ɔn ˈsənˌdi fər ˈtritmənt əv ə bləd klɑt ˈstɛmɪŋ frəm ə kənˈkəʃən ʃi səˈsteɪnd ə fju wiks əˈgoʊ, ə ˈklɪntən eɪd sɛd. "ɪn ðə kɔrs əv ə ruˈtin ˈfɑloʊˌəp ɔn ˈsənˌdi, ðə skæn rɪˈvild ðət ə raɪt trænzˈvərs ˈsaɪnəs ˈvinəs θrɑmˈboʊsəs hæd fɔrmd. ðɪs ɪz ə klɑt ɪn ðə veɪn ðət ɪz ˈsɪʧuˌeɪtɪd ɪn ðə speɪs bɪtˈwin ðə breɪn ənd ðə skəl bɪˈhaɪnd ðə raɪt ɪr," ðə ˈdɑktərz sɛd. "ɪn ɔl ˈəðər ˈæˌspɛkts əv hər rɪˈkəvəri, ðə ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ɪz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈɛksələnt ˈprɑˌgrɛs ənd wi ər ˈkɑnfədənt ʃi wɪl meɪk ə fʊl rɪˈkəvəri. ʃi ɪz ɪn gʊd ˈspɪrɪts, ɪnˈgeɪʤɪŋ wɪθ hər ˈdɑktərz, hər ˈfæməli, ənd hər stæf," ðə ˈsteɪtmənt sɛd. ˈklɪntən wɑz səˈpoʊzd tɪ bi bæk æt wərk æt ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt ðɪs wik, bət naʊ ðə deɪt əv hər rɪˈtərn ɪn ənˈnoʊn. ˈditeɪlz əv ˈklɪntənz bləd klɑt hæd nɑt bɪn ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli riˈlist ˈæftər hər ˌhɑspɪtələˈzeɪʃən. ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈkɑŋgrəs wɪʃt ˈklɪntən ə ˈspiˌdi rɪˈkəvəri təˈdeɪ, waɪl ˈprɛsɪŋ ðɛr kɔl fər hər tɪ ˈtɛstɪˌfaɪ ˌbiˈfɔr ˈkɑŋgrəs əˈbaʊt ðə juz. ˈkɑnsələt əˈtæk ɪn. "wi ʤɪst wɔnt tɪ seɪ haʊ məʧ ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ˈklɪntən ɪz ɪn ɑr prɛrz ðɪs ˈmɔrnɪŋ ənd hoʊp ʃi rɪˈkəvərz ˈræpədli frəm ðɪs hɛlθ ˈprɑbləm," sɛn. ʤoʊ ˈlibərmən, i-conn*., sɛd æt ə prɛs ˈkɑnfərəns təˈdeɪ. ˈlibərmən ɪz ˈʧɛrmən əv ðə ˈsɛnɪt ˈhoʊmˌlænd sɪˈkjʊrəti kəˈmɪti. "ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ˈklɪntən həz meɪd klɪr ðət ʃi wɪl ˈtɛstɪˌfaɪ. ənd aɪ θɪŋk ðæts ə gʊd aɪˈdiə," sɛd ˈlibərmən. haʊs ˈfɔrən əˈfɛrz ˈʧɛrmən rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv., r.-fla*., gɪt wɛl ˈwɪʃɪz tɪ ˈklɪntən ˈsənˌdi naɪt, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ˈmɛnʃənd. "ˈwɪʃɪŋ ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ˈklɪntən ə fʊl ˈspiˌdi rɪˈkəvəri!," roʊt. "ʃiz ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈfɔrwərd 2 ˈtɛstɪˌfaɪ ɔn ənd ɪz bəmd ʃi kænt ˈtrævəl naʊ laɪk ðə kəˈmɪti riˈlist ə nu rɪˈpɔrt læst wik wɪʧ kənˈkludz ðət ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈsɪstəm wɑz "ˈflæʃɪŋ rɛd" ɪn ˈʃɔrtli ˌbiˈfɔr æmˈbæsədər ˈkrɪstəfər ˈstivənz ənd θri ˈəðər əˈmɛrɪkənz wər kɪld ɪn ən əˈtæk baɪ ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts ɔn sɛpt. 11 ðə rɪˈpɔrt ˈsaɪtɪd ə "ˈraɪzɪŋ krɪˈʃɛndoʊ əv ˈɛvədəns" frəm ðə juz. ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəmˈjunɪti ðət hæd bɪˈkəm "ˈdeɪnʤərəs ənd ənˈsteɪbəl, ənd ðət ə sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt əˈtæk əˈgɛnst əˈmɛrɪkən ˌpərsəˈnɛl ðɛr wɑz bɪˈkəmɪŋ mɔr ənd mɔr ˈlaɪkli." ˈlibərmən kɔld ðə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃənz riˈækʃən tɪ ðə ˈflæʃɪŋ rɛd ˈɪndəˌkeɪtərz ɛz "ˈwoʊfəli ˌɪˈnædəkˌweɪt." sɛn. ˈsuzən ˈkɑlɪnz, r-maine*, sɛd ʃi θɪŋks ˈəðər məst bi hɛld əˈkaʊntəbəl æt ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt, ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ðoʊz hu hæv ɔˈrɛdi rɪˈzaɪnd ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðə riˈlis əv ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənts ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən. ðə əˈkaʊntəˌbɪlɪti ˌrivˈju bɔrd ˈɪʃuz ə ˈskeɪðɪŋ rɪˈpɔrt wɪʧ ˈfɔltɪd səm ˈsinjər ˈmænɪʤmənt æt ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt fər ðə ˈbreɪkˌdaʊn əv sɪˈkjʊrəti ənd rɪˈzəltɪd ɪn ðə fɔr əˈfɪʃəlz ˈstɛpɪŋ daʊn. "maɪ hoʊp ɪz, ənd maɪ ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃən ɪz, ðət wəns ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ˈklɪntən ɪz wɛl ɪˈnəf, ðət ʃi wɪl ˈkɛrfəli ˌrivˈju ɑr rɪˈpɔrt ənd si ɪf ðɛr ər ˈəðər əˈfɪʃəlz ðət nid tɪ bi hɛld əˈkaʊntəbəl," ˈkɑlɪnz sɛd. "ɪt ɪz ˈdɪfəkəlt fər ˈjuˈɛs tɪ meɪk ðət ˈʤəʤmənt, bət aɪ bɪˈliv ðət ɪt ɪz ˈlaɪkli ðət ðɛr ər ˈəðərz ðət du nid tɪ bi hɛld əˈkaʊntəbəl." ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl rɪˈpɔrt faʊnd ðət ðə ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ɪn wɑz ˈdeɪnʤərəs ənd ðət ˈloʊkəl sɪˈkjʊrəti wɑz ˌɪˈnædəkˌweɪt fər prəˈtɛkʃən. ðə rɪˈpɔrt ˈɔlsoʊ faʊnd ðət ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənts əv dɪˈfɛns ənd steɪt hæd nɑt ˈʤɔɪntli əˈsɛst ðə əˌveɪləˈbɪlɪti ənd ðə ˌæksɛsəˈbɪlɪti əv juz. ˈæˌsɛts tɪ səˈpɔrt ðə ˈmɪʃən fəˈsɪlɪti ɪn ɪn ðə ɪˈvɛnt əv ən əˈtæk, səʧ ɛz ðə wən ðət əˈkərd. "wi ʃʊd hæv kloʊzd ðɪs fəˈsɪlɪti ɪn ənˈtɪl wi wər priˈpɛrd tɪ prəˈvaɪd ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈnɛsəˌsɛri tɪ gɪv ˈmɪnəməl prəˈtɛkʃən, ˈædəkˌweɪt prəˈtɛkʃən tɪ əˈmɛrɪkən ˌpərsəˈnɛl," ˈlibərmən sɛd. ðə rɪˈpɔrt kənˈkludz ðət ɪt ɪz klɪr ðət ˈtɛrəˌrɪsts wər riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ðə əˈtæk ɔn ðə ˈkɑnsələt ənd ðət ðə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən rɪˈspɑns ˈbaʊnsɪŋ bɪtˈwin ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt, ðə ˈpɛnɪˌgɑn ənd ðə ˌɪnˈtɛləʤəns kəmˈjunɪti ˈædɪd tɪ səm "kənfˈjuʒən" ˈoʊvər ðə əˈtæk. ˈmɛni kənˈsərvətɪvz hæv bɪn ˈskɛptɪkəl əv ˈklɪntənz ˈɪlnəs, wɪθ ˈfɔrmər u.n*. æmˈbæsədər ʤɑn ˈboʊltən ˈtɛlɪŋ fɑks nuz ˈklɪntən hæd kəm daʊn wɪθ ə "ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk ˈɪlnəs" tɪ əˈvɔɪd ˈtɛstɪˌfaɪɪŋ ɔn dɛk. 2o*, ə ʧɑrʤ ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈvɪgərəsli dɪˈnaɪd. "ðiz ˈpipəl du nɑt noʊ wət ðeɪ ər ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt," ˈspoʊkspərsən vɪkˈtɔriə ˈnuˌlænd rɪˈspɑndɪd. ˈdɑktər. haʊərd ˈmɑrkɛl, ə ˈpræktɪsɪŋ ˈdɔktər ənd ˈmɛdɪkəl hɪˈstɔriən æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈmɪʃɪgən, tɛlz ˈeɪˌbiˌsi nuz ðət ˈhɪstəri ʃoʊz ðə bɛst rɪˈspɑns tɪ ˈrumərz ɪz trænˈspɛrənsi. ðə steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt dɪd nɑt dɪˈskloʊz ðət ˈklɪntən hæd ə kənˈkəʃən ənˈtɪl ˈsɛvərəl deɪz ˈæftər ɪt əˈkərd ənd ˈkərəntli ˈweɪtɪd ə deɪ tɪ dɪˈskloʊz wət pɑrt əv hər ˈbɑdi hər bləd klɑt ɪz ɪn, ˈlivɪŋ ðə ˈmidiə ənd ˈəðərz tɪ meɪk əˈsəmpʃənz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈsɪriəsnəs əv hər kənˈdɪʃən. "ɪn ðə ˈæbsəns əv ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, ðɪs kaɪnd əv ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃən ˈɔfən teɪks əp ðə ˈvækjum," sɪz ˈmɑrkɛl, hu pɔɪnts aʊt ðət ˈklɪntən ɪz rɪˈsivɪŋ ˈɛksələnt ˈmɛdɪkəl kɛr ənd ðət hər kənˈdɪʃən saʊnz ˈtritəbəl. steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt əˈfɪʃəlz seɪ ðeɪ hæv bɪn trænˈspɛrənt əˈbaʊt ðə ˈsɛkrəˌtɛriz hɛlθ, ˈkipɪŋ ðə prɛs ənd ðə ˈpəblɪk əˈwɛr əv ɔl ˈmeɪʤər dɪˈvɛləpmənts wɪˈθɪn ə ˈrizənəbəl əˈmaʊnt əv taɪm, bət ðeɪ ˈɔlsoʊ meɪnˈteɪn ðət ˈklɪntən ɪz ɛnˈtaɪtəld tɪ səm dɪˈgri əv ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈpraɪvəsi, ə kleɪm ˈmɑrkɛl sɪz hɛld əp hɪˈstɔrɪkəli bət dɪz nɑt təˈdeɪ. "ɪf jʊr ə ˈpraɪvət ˈpərsən, ju ər ɛnˈtaɪtəld tɪ jʊr ˈpraɪvəsi ɛz ə ˈpeɪʃənt. wɪn jʊr ə ˈpəblɪk ˈfɪgjər ənd jʊr ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn bɪˈhæf əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈpipəl, ju gɪv əp ˈmɛni ˈæˌspɛkts əv jʊr ˈpraɪvəsi," hi sɛd.

michal sula/mafra/isifa/getty images the blood clot that put secretary of state hillary clinton in the hospital was found in her head between her brain and skull behind the right ear, her doctors said today. "it did not result in a stroke, or neurological damage," her doctors, drs. lisa bardack and gigi el-bayoumi, said in a joint statement. "to help dissolve this clot, her medical team began treating the secretary with blood thinners." the doctors said clinton will be released "once the medication dose has been established." clinton, 65, was admitted to new york presbyterian hospital on sunday for treatment of a blood clot stemming from a concussion she sustained a few weeks ago, a clinton aide said. "in the course of a routine follow-up mri on sunday, the scan revealed that a right transverse sinus venous thrombosis had formed. this is a clot in the vein that is situated in the space between the brain and the skull behind the right ear," the doctors said. "in all other aspects of her recovery, the secretary is making excellent progress and we are confident she will make a full recovery. she is in good spirits, engaging with her doctors, her family, and her staff," the statement said. clinton was supposed to be back at work at the state department this week, but now the date of her return in unknown. details of clinton's blood clot had not been immediately released after her hospitalization. members of congress wished clinton a speedy recovery today, while pressing their call for her to testify before congress about the u.s. consulate attack in benghazi. "we just want to say how much secretary clinton is in our prayers this morning and hope she recovers rapidly from this health problem," sen. joe lieberman, i-conn., said at a press conference today. lieberman is chairman of the senate homeland security committee. "secretary clinton has made clear that she will testify. and i think that's a good idea," said lieberman. house foreign affairs chairman rep. illeana ros-lehtinen, r.-fla., tweeted get well wishes to clinton sunday night, but also mentioned benghazi. "wishing secretary clinton a full + speedy recovery!," ros-lehtinen wrote. "she's looking forward 2 testify on # benghazi and is bummed she can't travel now like b4." the committee released a new report last week which concludes that the security system was "flashing red" in benghazi shortly before ambassador christopher stevens and three other americans were killed in an attack by terrorists on sept. 11. the report cited a "rising crescendo of evidence" from the u.s. intelligence community that benghazi had become "dangerous and unstable, and that a significant attack against american personnel there was becoming more and more likely." lieberman called the administration's reaction to the flashing red indicators as "woefully inadequate." sen. susan collins, r-maine, said she thinks other must be held accountable at the state department, in addition to those who have already resigned following the release of the state department's internal investigation. the accountability review board issues a scathing report which faulted some senior management at the state department for the breakdown of security and resulted in the four officials stepping down. "my hope is, and my expectation is, that once secretary clinton is well enough, that she will carefully review our report and see if there are other officials that need to be held accountable," collins said. "it is difficult for us to make that judgment, but i believe that it is likely that there are others that do need to be held accountable." the congressional report found that the environment in benghazi was dangerous and that local security was inadequate for protection. the report also found that the departments of defense and state had not jointly assessed the availability and the accessibility of u.s. assets to support the mission facility in benghazi in the event of an attack, such as the one that occurred. "we should have closed this facility in benghazi until we were prepared to provide the security necessary to give minimal protection, adequate protection to american personnel," lieberman said. the report concludes that it is clear that terrorists were responsible for the attack on the consulate and that the administration response bouncing between the state department, the pentagon and the intelligence community added to some "confusion" over the attack. many conservatives have been skeptical of clinton's illness, with former u.n. ambassador john bolton telling fox news clinton had come down with a "diplomatic illness" to avoid testifying on dec. 2o, a charge the state department vigorously denied. "these people do not know what they are talking about," spokesperson victoria nuland responded. dr. howard markel, a practicing doctor and medical historian at the university of michigan, tells abc news that history shows the best response to rumors is transparency. the state department did not disclose that clinton had a concussion until several days after it occurred and currently waited a day to disclose what part of her body her blood clot is in, leaving the media and others to make assumptions about the seriousness of her condition. "in the absence of information, this kind of speculation often takes up the vacuum," says markel, who points out that clinton is receiving excellent medical care and that her condition sounds treatable. state department officials say they have been transparent about the secretary's health, keeping the press and the public aware of all major developments within a reasonable amount of time, but they also maintain that clinton is entitled to some degree of medical privacy, a claim markel says held up historically but does not today. "if you're a private person, you are entitled to your privacy as a patient. when you're a public figure and you're working on behalf of the american people, you give up many aspects of your privacy," he said.

ðə weɪt ɪz ˈoʊvər fər ˈioʊs dɪˈvɛləpərz. ˈæpəl həz meɪd əˈveɪləbəl, ənd æp ˈkəmpəˌniz kən stɑrt ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈneɪtɪv æps fər æmˈbɪʃəs, wɔʧ. ɪn wət ˈfɑloʊz, wi wɪl teɪk ə tʊr θru ðə ˈvɛriəs taɪps əv æps ðət ər ˈlaɪkli tɪ bɪˈkəm əˈveɪləbəl ˈprɪti sun. ˈsɔfˌwɛr wɑz əˈfɪʃəli riˈlist baɪ ˈæpəl ɪŋk. ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ, məʧ tɪ ðə dɪˈlaɪt əv dɪˈvɛləpərz ˈwərldˈwaɪd. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈfɪlɪp ˈʃɪlər (ˈsinjər ˈmɑrkətɪŋ ˌviˈpi), wʊd ˈoʊpən əp ˌpɑsəˈbɪlətiz fər dɪˈvɛləpərz tɪ kəm əp wɪθ juˈnik, ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz. sɛt tɪ stɑrt ˈʃɪpɪŋ frəm ən ˈərli ˈraʊnˌdəp əv ðə taɪps əv æps ðət kən bi dɪˈvɛləpt fər ˈæpəl wɔʧ: lɪv ˈtɪkər æps θɪŋk lɪv skɔrz. ˈæpəl wɔʧ həz ə ˈvɛri ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ‘‘glances’*’ ˈfiʧər (ðə glæns ˈɪnərˌfeɪs), wɪʧ kən bi ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪtɪd baɪ ˈioʊs æp dɪˈvɛləpərz tɪ kriˈeɪt lɪv spɔrts, nuz ər ˈəðər ˈsɪmələr ˈtɪkər ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz. ˈjuzərz wʊd hæv ðə ˈɔpʃən tɪ ʧɛk ðə æp wɪn ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ, ənd ðə ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən wʊd bi riˈfrɛʃt æt ˈfrikˌwɛnt ˈɪntərvəlz. ɔn wɔʧ, ɪt wɪl ˈɔlˌweɪz bi əˈbaʊt steɪɪŋ ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd ɔn ðə goʊ. ˈdɑkjəmɛnt vjuɪŋ æps ðiz wʊd bi ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˈjusfəl fər ˈbɪzi ˈbɪznɪs prəˈfɛʃənəlz ənd ˈfrikˌwɛnt ˈtrævələrz. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˈhævɪŋ tɪ rɪˈmɛmbər wɛr ˈɛvəri ˈvaɪtəl ˈdɑkjəmɛnt həz bɪn stɔrd (ər, ˈfoʊldərz ənd faɪlz hæv bɪn seɪvd), ðiz wɔʧ æps wʊd prəˈvaɪd ə view‘*‘ ˈɔpʃən fər ðiz ˈpeɪpərz, ənd stɔr ə ˈdɪʤəˌtaɪzd ˈkɑpi. ðə wɔʧ ɪz, ˈæftər ɔl, ə dɪˈvaɪs ənd səʧ æps wʊd rul aʊt ðə rɪsks əv əv ˈdɑkjəmənts. sɪˈkjʊrəti bi ən ˈɪʃu ˈiðər. ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən æps wɔʧ həz bɪn ˈpəblɪˌsaɪzd ɛz moʊst ˈpərsɪnəl gadget’*’. æp dɪˈvɛləpərz kən meɪk ɪt ðə moʊst ˈjusfəl wən tu, ɪn tərmz əv ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən. ən ˈækjərət, ˌnævəˈgeɪʃən æp wɪl ɪˈneɪbəl ˈpipəl tɪ faɪnd ðɛr weɪ əˈbaʊt ˈɛniˌwɛr (ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈfɔrən loʊˈkeɪʃənz) wɪˈθaʊt ˈhævɪŋ tɪ æsk ˈəðərz fər dɪˈrɛkʃɪnz. sɪns ɔl əv ˌnoʊtəfəˈkeɪʃənz kən ˈæˌkʧuəli bi ‘‘felt’*’, ðə æps kən ˌɪnˈklud ə ˈfiʧər ðət ˈʤɛnərˌeɪts vaɪˈbreɪʃənz wɛˈnɛvər ə ˈjuzər ˈdiviˌeɪts frəm ðə kərˈɛkt rut. ˈfɪtnəs æps ˈæpəl həz tu æps (ækˈtɪvɪti ənd ˈwərˌkaʊt) ɔˈrɛdi ˈbɪlˌtɪn ðə wɔʧ ˈfreɪmˌwərk. wɪθ ənd ðə ˈioʊs ˈbeɪtə sdk*, ɪt wʊd bi ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈizi fər prəˈfɛʃənəl æp ˈkəmpəˌniz tɪ kəm əp wɪθ ˈfɪtnəs ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ðət wʊd kəˈlæbərˌeɪt wɪθ ðiz tu. fər ˈɪnstəns, ðə ˈtoʊtəl ækˈtɪvɪti ənd ˈdætə kən bi pʊld ɪn ənd ˈsəmərˌaɪzd, tɪ əˈlɑt ən ˈægrəgət score’*’ tɪ ˈjuzərz. ðə ˈlætər ʃʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ kəmˈpɛr skɔrz wɪθ əv ˈæpəl wɔʧ. dɪˈvɛləpərz kən ˈivɪn ˌɪnˈklud ʃɔrt tɪps tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ˈfɪtnəs ˈlɛvəlz. ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz wʊd ˈoʊnli hæv tɪ ʧɛk ðɛr rɪsts tɪ rɛd ðɛm. rɪˈmoʊt kənˈtroʊl æps ˈæpəl wɔʧ ɪz ðə ˈpərˌfɪkt ˈgæʤət fər kriˈeɪtɪŋ æps ðət wʊd meɪk ðə users’*’ hoʊmz ‘‘smarter’*’. ənd ˈhəniˌwɛl hæv ɔˈrɛdi dɪˈvɛləpt ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz fər kənˈtroʊlɪŋ ðə laɪts æt hoʊmz, riˈmoʊtli. dɪˈvɛləpərz kən teɪk ðɪs ˈfərðər, baɪ dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ə rɪˈmoʊt sərˈveɪləns ˈnɛtˌwərk θru ðɛr æps. wɛˈnɛvər ə ɪz nɑt æt hoʊm, wʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ʧɛk haʊ məʧ ɪˌlɛkˈtrɪsəti (ɪn ˈjunɪts) ɪz biɪŋ spɛnt (ɔn ən ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈbeɪsɪs). ɪn keɪs ðɛr ɪz ə short-circuit*, ˌnoʊtəfəˈkeɪʃənz wɪl bi sɛnt ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli. tɪ meɪk ðə æp mɔr hoʊˈlɪstɪk, paʊər ˈjusɪʤ wʊd bi ˈkætəgərˌaɪzd əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈdɪfərənt taɪps əv dəˈmɛstɪk ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl əˈplaɪənsɪz. ɪf ˈɛni ˈgæʤət ɪz ˈkɔzɪŋ ən ˌɪˈnɔrdənɪt paʊər dreɪn, ðə ˈjuzər wɪl bi ˈɪntɪˌmeɪtɪd ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli. ɪˌlɛkˈtrɪsəti bɪlz wɪl bi kɛpt ɪn ʧɛk. ˈsoʊʃəl ˈnɛtˌwərkɪŋ æps wən əv ðə moʊst ˈfiʧərz əv ˈæpəl wɔʧ ɪz ˈdɪʤɪtəl kraʊn. ɪt əˈlaʊz ˈpipəl tɪ steɪ ɪn təʧ wɪθ prɪˈfərd ˈkɑnˌtækts ˈviə ə ˈsɪŋgəl tæp. ðɪs, ɪn tərn, sərvz ɛz ðə ˈpərˌfɪkt ˈlɔnʧɪŋ pæd fər ˈsoʊʃəl ˈnɛtˌwərkɪŋ æps wɪθ ə ˈdɪfərəns. wɪθ ðiz nu ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz (ˈprɛfərəbli wɪθ ˈgipiˈɛs), ɪt wɪl bɪˈkəm ˈiziər ðən ˈɛvər tɪ kəˈnɛkt wɪθ oʊld frɛndz, meɪk nu əkˈweɪntənsɪz (ɔn ðə ˈbeɪsɪs əv ˈɛni ˈkɑmən kraɪˈtɪriən), ənd ˈivɪn gɪt ˌrɛkəmənˈdeɪʃənz ɔn ˈɛni ˈtɑpɪk. ˈɛvəri taɪm ə poʊst ər ə nu ˈkɑmɛnt ɪz ˈpəblɪʃt, ˈjuzərz wɪl ‘‘feel’*’ ə vaɪˈbreɪʃən. ənd ˈɛdɪtɪŋ æps dɪˈvɛləpərz kən goʊ wən əp ɔn ðə ənd æps fər ˈæpəl wɔʧ, baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ æps ðət əˈlaʊ ˈpipəl tɪ ʃɛr ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ɛz wɛl ɛz æd ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ˈifɛkts tɪ ðɛm. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv goʊɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈrɛgjələr tɪ braʊz əˈkrɔs ˈifɛkts ɪt wʊd bi ə kul aɪˈdiə tɪ əˈlaʊ nu ˈifɛkts tɪ bi əˈplaɪd (ɛz ˈprivˌju) baɪ ˈsɪmpli ˈweɪvɪŋ wɔʧ ɔn wən saɪd. ɪf ˈɛniˌwən ɛls ˈɛdɪts ə ʃɛrd ˈfoʊˌtoʊ, ˌnoʊtəfəˈkeɪʃənz wɪl sɛnt tɪ ɪts ərˈɪʤənəl ˈoʊnər. æps ˈæpəl wɔʧ həz ˈdɪʤɪtəl təʧ ˈoʊpənɪŋ əp ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈjuzər ˌɪnərˈækʃənz ˈiziər ənd mɔr ˈɪnəˌveɪtɪv ðən ˈɛvər ˌbiˈfɔr. ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ ɪm ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz (əv wɪʧ ðɛr wɪl bi ˈmɛni!), ˈioʊs æp dɪˈvɛləpərz kən kriˈeɪt ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz wɪʧ səˈpɔrt ˈoʊnli ˈpɪkʧərz, ʃeɪps, ˈskɛʧɪz ənd emoticons*. muv ˈoʊvər heart-to-heart*, wɪθ ˈæpəl wɔʧ, ˈfrɛndʃɪps kən naʊ bɪˈkəm wrist-to-wrist*! ˈmoʊbəl ˈpeɪmənts æps ðoʊz hu hæv əˈbaʊt ðə ˈæbsəns əv kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən (nfc*) ɪn ˈaɪˌfoʊn 6 wʊd naʊ hæv ə ˈrizən tɪ ʃət əp fər ˈæpəl wɔʧ boʊsts əv ˈpaʊərfəl ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti. ɪt ɪz ˈrəðər ˈɑbviəs ðət æp dɪˈvɛləpmənt prəˈfɛʃənəlz wʊd ʧərn aʊt ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ðət sərv ɛz sɪˈkjʊr ˈpeɪmənt ˈgeɪtˌweɪz. tɪ gɪv ə bust tɪ ðə usability*, wʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ seɪv ðə ˈmərʧənt neɪmz ðət ðeɪ dil wɪθ moʊst ˈfrikwɛntli ˈəndər ə ‘‘favorites’*’ tæb. ðə meɪn ˈʧælənʤ laɪz ɪn ˈmeɪkɪŋ æps ðət wʊd hæv mɔr ˈfiʧərz ðən ðə dɪˈfɔlt ˈæpəl peɪ ɔn wɔʧ. æps ðiz wʊd bi ən ˈæbsəˌlut dɪˈlaɪt fər ðoʊz hu ˌʤiəˈgræfɪkəli ˈʧælənʤd. dɪˈvɛləpərz kən ˈvɛri wɛl kənˈsɪdər ðə ‘‘taptic’*’ ˈfiʧər əv wɔʧ tɪ meɪk æps ðət sɛnd əˈlərts wɛˈnɛvər ðə ˈjuzər ɪz wɪˈθɪn ə ˈsərtən ˈdɪstəns əv bəs stɑp, ˈreɪlˌweɪ ˈsteɪʃən, ər ˈəðər ˈpəblɪk loʊˈkeɪʃənz. ðɛr ʃʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi ə ˈʤɛnərəl ˈɔpʃən tɪ prəˈvaɪd dɪˈteɪld ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈʤərniz (ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ wɪn ðə ˈjuzər ɪz ɪn ə flaɪt). baɪ ˈtæpɪŋ ðə ˈrɛləvənt tæb ɔn ðə æp, ðə ˈjuzər kən faɪnd aʊt ɪgˈzæktli wɛr ɪz raɪt frəm ðə wɔʧ skrin. dɔr ənˈlɑk æps hoʊˈtɛlz həz ɔˈrɛdi ʃoʊn ðə weɪ ənd ɪt wʊd bi pleɪn sæd ɪf prəˈfɛʃənəl ˈmoʊbəl æp ˈeɪʤənsiz dɪd nɑt teɪk ðə hɪnt. ˈgɪvɪn haʊ ˈkəmbərsəm ɪt ɪz æt taɪmz tɪ ənˈlɑk dɔrz ˈjuzɪŋ kiz ər swaɪp kɑrdz (ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli wɪn ju ər ˈkɛriɪŋ θri bægz əv ˈləgɪʤ!), ɪt wʊd bi greɪt ɪf ˈpipəl kʊd ʤɪst ˈæktəˌveɪt ðə æp, ənd tæp ɪt tɪ ənˈlɑk ðə dɔr ɪn frənt əv ðɛm. æps kən ˈɔlsoʊ hæv ðə ‘‘wave-to-unlock’*’ ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti. ˈivɪn ˈsɪmpələr. (noʊt: ðə lɑk wʊd, əv kɔrs, hæv tɪ bi pɛrd wɪθ wɔʧ fərst). kids’*’ æps ˈmoʊbəl æps fər kɪdz kən gɪt ə hoʊl nu ˈmæˌkoʊvər ɔn ˈæpəl wɔʧ. ðə həz ə ˈskɛʧɪz ˈfiʧər, wɪʧ wʊd ɪˈneɪbəl dɪˈvɛləpərz tɪ meɪk fən drɔɪŋ æps. ˈlɪtəl ˈjuzərz kən ˈivɪn vju ənd ʃɛr ðɛr ˈhɑrtˌbit lups wɪθ ðɛr frɛndz (ər ɔn ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə), ənd æd nu ənd ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ˈkələrz tɪ ðɛm. ə kən ˈʧælənʤ əˈnəðər tɪ ə drɔɪŋ ˈkɑntɛst. wɔʧ həz ˈækʃənəbəl ˌnoʊtəfəˈkeɪʃənz, wɪʧ wʊd əˈlərt ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈpərsən ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli wɪn həz bɪn ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd tɪ ʤɔɪn ə ˈkɑntɛst. ˈviɪkəl ˈpɑrkɪŋ ənd ˈmeɪntənəns æps wəns əˈgɛn, ˈbiˌɛmˈdəbəlju həz ˌɪntrəˈdust ən æp əv ðɪs taɪp, ənd wi wʊd, ɪn ɔl ˌprɑbəˈbɪləˌti, si ˈmɛni ˈsɪmələr ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz baɪ nɛkst jɪr. ðə ˈfoʊkɪs əv ðiz æps wʊd bi: ə) ˈfaɪndɪŋ rɪˈlaɪəbəl, kənˈvinjənt kɑr ˈpɑrkɪŋ spɑts, bi) prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ˈoʊnərz dɪˈrɛkʃɪnz tɪ wɛr ðɛr ˈviɪkəlz hæv bɪn pɑrkt, ənd si) ɪnˈʃʊrɪŋ ðət ðɛr ɪz noʊ əˈnɔθərˌaɪzd ˈækˌsɛs (rɛd: kɑr θɛfts). ən əˈdɪʃənəl ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti tɪ kip ə tæb ɔn ðə fjuəl tæŋk kən bi ˌɪnˈkludɪd tɪ. ˈpipəl kən ˈsɪmpli gɪt ɪn ðɛr kɑz ənd ʧɛk ðɛr ˈrɪstˌwɑʧɪz, tɪ faɪnd aʊt ˈwɛðər ðeɪ hæv tɪ stɑp æt ə ˈpəmpɪŋ ˈsteɪʃən. noʊ mɔr riˈlaɪɪŋ ɔn ðə fjuəl ˈmitər əv ˈviɪkəlz! ˈʃɑpɪŋ æps jɛt əˈnəðər greɪt ˈteɪˌkaʊt frəm ‘‘glances’*’ ɔn ˈæpəl wɔʧ wʊd bi æps. ə ˈprɑpərli ˈkəstəˌmaɪzd ˈneɪtɪv æp fər wɔʧ kən əˈlaʊ ˈʃɑpərz tɪ faɪnd aʊt əˈbaʊt ðə bɛst ˈriˌteɪl stɔrz ɪn ðɛr ˈsɪti, fər ˈɛni ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈprɑdəkt. frəm əv ˈæpəl wɔʧ, ˌrɛkəmənˈdeɪʃənz ənd rəvˈjuz əv ˈloʊkəl ˈrɛˌstrɑnts kən ˈɔlsoʊ bi əbˈteɪnd. ɪf ˈsəmˌwən ɪz ɔf ɔn ə ˈfɔrən tʊr, æps əv ðiz kaɪnd wʊd ˈdəbəl əp ɛz ə ˈtrəstˌwərði ˈtrævəl gaɪd. stɑk æps ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ stɑk ˈmɑrkɪt ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən ɪn ðə ˈtɪkər æps (dɪˈskəst əˈbəv), dɪˈvɛləpərz wʊd bi ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ˈpərsənəˌlaɪzd æps fər ðɛm. ɔn ðə wɔʧ skrin, ðə æp ˈdæʃˌbɔrd wʊd dɪˈspleɪ ðə stɑk kwoʊts (wɪθ ˈrilˌtaɪm ˈəpˌdeɪts) əv ðə ˈkəmpəˌniz ðət ə ˈjuzər ɪz ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn. aɪˈdili, ˈpipəl ʃʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ʃɛrz dɪˈrɛkli frəm ðiz wɔʧ æps. ˈgeɪmɪŋ æps ˈjuzərz əv ˈæpəl wɔʧ kən tæp ðə dɪˈvaɪs skrin tɪ kəˈnɛkt wɪθ iʧ ˈəðər soʊ haʊ əˈbaʊt ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈgeɪmɪŋ æps? ɪt wɪl hæv tɪ bi ə ˈməltiˌpleɪər geɪm ðoʊ, ənd iʧ pɑrˈtɪsəpənt kən sɛnd əˈlɔŋ ˈpætərnd tæps tɪ ðə ˈəðərz (ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk kəmˈjunəˌkeɪtɪŋ ɪn mɔrs koʊd). huˈɛvər ɪz ˈeɪbəl tɪ gɛs ðə ˈminɪŋ əv ðə kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən wʊd gɪt ðə nɛkst ʧæns kriˈeɪt ə tæp koʊd. səʧ ə geɪm maɪt bi ə tæd tu ˈdɪfəkəlt fər kɪdz, bət ˈædəlts wɪθ ə ˈpɛnʧənt fər ˈsɑlvɪŋ ˈpəzəlz wʊd ləv ɪt! daɪət ədˈvaɪs æps wɪθ ðə stænd ənd ðə muv rɪŋz əv ðə ækˈtɪvɪti æp ɔn wɔʧ, ˈjuzərz kən gɪt ə ˈvɪʒəwəl ˌrɛprəzɛnˈteɪʃən əv ðɛr ˈdeɪli ækˈtɪvɪti ˈlɛvəlz (əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə ˈfɪgjər). ˈioʊs dɪˈvɛləpərz kən kəm əp wɪθ æps ðət wərk ɪn sɪŋk wɪθ ækˈtɪvɪti, tɪ ˈʤɛnərˌeɪt ˈpərsənəˌlaɪzd daɪət ʧɑrts fər iʧ ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈjuzər (beɪst ɔn hɛlθ ˈstætəs ənd ækˈtɪvɪtiz). ɛz ðə ˈfɪtnəs ˈlɛvəlz ˌɪmˈpruv (wɔʧ həz ən ˈfɪtnəs æp fər ðət), ðə ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd daɪɪts wʊd ʧeɪnʤ. pʊʃ ˌnoʊtəfəˈkeɪʃənz kən bi sɛnt əˈlɔŋ ɪf ˈsəmˌwən dɪˈleɪz milz baɪ tu lɔŋ. ˈvoʊtɪŋ æps ðɛr kən bi æps fər ˈæpəl wɔʧ ðət kən meɪk ˈpipəl ˌɪnərˈækt dɪˈrɛkli wɪθ ðə lɪv ðət ðeɪ ər ˈwɑʧɪŋ. fər ˈɪnstəns, ɪf ðɛr ɪz ə lɪv dæns ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən ɔn ðə ˈtɛlə ɪn ˈprɑˌgrɛs, vjuərz wʊd bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ voʊt fər ðɛr ˈfeɪvərɪt pərˈfɔrmər, ˈsɪmpli baɪ ˈtæpɪŋ ɔn ðə wɔʧ skrin. ˈsərˌveɪz hæv ʃoʊn ðət ˈnɪrli 85 ˈpipəl ˈfɪdəl wɪθ ðɛr ər ˈtæbləts waɪl ˈwɑʧɪŋ ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən, ənd ðiz æps wʊd meɪk ˈæpəl wɔʧ ə kul screen’*’. ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt æps dɪˈvɛləpərz wɪl hæv ðə ʧæns tɪ meɪk ˈæpəl wɔʧ mɔr ɪnˈgeɪʤɪŋ ðən ˈɛni ˈəðər dɪˈvaɪs frəm ðə ˌkupərˈtinoʊ ˈkəmpəˌni. æp ˈkəmpəˌniz kən meɪk ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ðət əˈlaʊ ˈjuzərz tɪ ˈsimləsli kəˈnɛkt ðɛr wɔʧ wɪθ boʊθ ˈaɪˌtunz ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈæpəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən. ðiz æps ʃʊd aɪˈdili hæv ˈmidiə screens/features*, ɪnˈʃʊrɪŋ ˈvɪdioʊ ənd ˈɑdiˌoʊ ˈpleɪˌbæk. ˈdeɪtɪŋ æps ðɛr ər ˈmɛni ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈdeɪtɪŋ saɪts, ənd æp dɪˈvɛləpərz kən kəˈlæbərˌeɪt ə fju əv ðɛm tɪ kriˈeɪt ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ˈdeɪtɪŋ æps fər ˈæpəl wɔʧ. ˈnəθɪŋ kʊd ˈpɑsəbli bi mɔr roʊˈmæntɪk ðən ˈsɛndɪŋ əˈlɔŋ ðə saʊnz əv ˈhɑrtˌbit (ˈviə healthkit*), ər tɪ ˈsɪmpli ʃɛr skɛʧt hɑrt ˈfɪgjərz (ˈviə ˈskɛʧɪz). ðə təʧ ˈfiʧərz əv ðiz ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz wʊd ˈkɑmpləmənt ðə ˈdɪʤɪtəl təʧ, ənd wʊd meɪk ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ laɪk ˈnɛvər ˌbiˈfɔr. ˈpipəl kən seɪv ðə neɪmz əv ðɛr ˈspɛʃəl someones*, ənd sɛnd əˈlɔŋ ə ‘‘tap’*’ wɛˈnɛvər ɪz ˈfilɪŋ ˈloʊnli. ˈioʊs æp dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈkəmpəˌniz wɪl ˌrikˈwaɪər 2 ˈsɛpərˌeɪt waɪl ˈmeɪkɪŋ æps fər ˈæpəl wɔʧ. ˈfərstli, ðɛr wɪl bi ðə ˈneɪtɪv ˈvərʒən əv ðə æp, wɪʧ wɪl hæv ðə storyboards*, ənd ˈsɛkəndli, ə ɪkˈstɛnʃən wɪʧ wʊd bi ˈɑpərəbəl ɔn ðə pɛrd ˈaɪˌfoʊn. ˈæpəl həz rɪˈpitɪdli ˈɛmfəˌsaɪzd ðət ðə wɔʧ ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz wʊd nɑt teɪk ðə pleɪs əv ˈʤɛnərəl ˈioʊs ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz. ˌɪnˈstɛd, ðeɪ wʊd ˈkɑmpləmənt ðə ˈlætər. ðɛr kən bi ˈmɛni ˈəðər ˈkætəˌgɔriz əv æps ðət kən bi dɪˈvɛləpt fər ˈæpəl wɔʧ, wɪʧ ˈkænɑt bi gɛst raɪt naʊ. ˈæftər ɔl, wɪn ðə ˈaɪˌpæd wɑz riˈlist ɪn 2010 hæv gɛst ðə ʃɪr reɪnʤ əv ˈtæblət æps ðət wʊd bɪˈkəm əˈveɪləbəl ˈoʊvər taɪm?

the wait is over for ios developers. apple has made watchkit available, and app companies can start making native apps for apple’s ambitious smartwatch, watch. in what follows, we will take a tour through the various types of apps that are likely to become available pretty soon. watchkit software was officially released by apple inc. yesterday, much to the delight of developers worldwide. according to philip schiller (senior marketing vp), watchkit would open up never-before possibilities for developers to come up with unique, high-utility smartwatch applications. set to start shipping from early-2015, here’s an early roundup of the types of apps that can be developed for apple watch: live ticker apps – think espn live scores. apple watch has a very interesting ‘glances’ feature (the glance interface), which can be incorporated by ios app developers to create live sports, news or other similar ticker applications. users would have the option to check the app when they want to, and the information would be refreshed at frequent intervals. on watch, it will always be about staying updated on the go. document viewing apps – these would be particularly useful for busy business professionals and frequent travelers. instead of having to remember where every vital document has been stored (or, folders and files have been saved), these watch apps would provide a ‘quick view‘ option for these papers, and store a digitized copy. the watch is, after all, a wrist-worn device – and such apps would rule out the risks of misplacements of documents. security won’t be an issue either. navigation apps – watch has been publicized as ‘apple’s most personal gadget’. app developers can make it the most useful one too, in terms of navigation. an accurate, gps-powered navigation app will enable people to find their way about anywhere (including foreign locations) without having to ask others for directions. since all of watch’s notifications can actually be ‘felt’, the apps can include a feature that generates vibrations – whenever a user deviates from the correct route. fitness apps – apple has two fitness-related apps (activity and workout) already built-in the watch framework. with watchkit and the ios 8.2 beta sdk, it would be relatively easy for professional app companies to come up with fitness applications that would collaborate with these two. for instance, the total activity and calorie-burning data can be pulled in and summarized, to allot an aggregate ‘fitness score’ to users. the latter should also be able to compare scores with fellow-users of apple watch. developers can even include short tips to improve fitness levels. individuals would only have to check their wrists to read them. remote control apps – apple watch is the perfect gadget for creating apps that would make the users’ homes ‘smarter’. lutron and honeywell have already developed applications for controlling the lights at homes, remotely. developers can take this further, by developing a remote surveillance network through their apps. whenever a watch-user is not at home, (s)he would be able to check how much electricity (in units) is being spent (on an ongoing basis). in case there is a short-circuit, notifications will be sent immediately. to make the app more holistic, power usage would be categorized according to the different types of domestic electrical appliances. if any gadget is causing an inordinate power drain, the user will be intimated immediately. electricity bills will be kept in check. social networking apps – one of the most talked-about features of apple watch is digital crown. it allows people to stay in touch with preferred contacts via a single tap. this, in turn, serves as the perfect launching pad for social networking apps with a difference. with these new applications (preferably with gps), it will become easier than ever to connect with old friends, make new acquaintances (on the basis of any common criterion), and even get recommendations on any topic. every time a post or a new comment is published, users will ‘feel’ a vibration. photo-sharing and editing apps – developers can go one up on the pinterest and instagram apps for apple watch, by making apps that allow people to share photos as well as add interesting effects to them. instead of going with the regular tap-functionality to browse across effects – it would be a cool idea to allow new effects to be applied (as preview) by simply waving watch on one side. if anyone else edits a shared photo, notifications will sent to its original owner. emoji apps – apple watch has digital touch – opening up the possibility of making user interactions easier and more innovative than ever before. in addition to run-of-the-mill im applications (of which there will be many!), ios app developers can create chat-based applications which support only pictures, shapes, sketches and emoticons. move over heart-to-heart, with apple watch, friendships can now become wrist-to-wrist! mobile payments apps – those who have cribbed about the absence of near-field communication (nfc) in iphone 6 would now have a reason to shut up – for apple watch boasts of powerful nfc functionality. it is rather obvious that app development professionals would churn out applications that serve as secure payment gateways. to give a boost to the app’s usability, watch-wearers would be able to save the merchant names that they deal with most frequently under a ‘favorites’ tab. the main challenge lies in making apps that would have more features than the default apple pay on watch. transit-help/check-in apps – these would be an absolute delight for those who are…well…slightly geographically challenged. developers can very well consider the ‘taptic’ feature of watch to make apps that send alerts whenever the user is within a certain distance of his/her bus stop, railway station, or other public locations. there should also be a general option to provide detailed locational information during journeys (including when the user is in a flight). by tapping the relevant tab on the app, the user can find out exactly where (s)he is – right from the watch screen. hands-free door unlock apps – starwood hotels has already shown the way – and it would be plain sad if professional mobile app agencies did not take the hint. given how cumbersome it is at times to unlock doors using keys or swipe cards (particularly when you are carrying three bags of luggage!), it would be great if people could just activate the app, and tap it to unlock the door in front of them. apps can also have the ‘wave-to-unlock’ functionality. even simpler. (note: the lock would, of course, have to be paired with watch first). kids’ apps – mobile apps for kids can get a whole new makeover on apple watch. the smartwatch has a sketches feature, which would enable developers to make fun drawing apps. little users can even view and share their heartbeat loops with their friends (or on social media), and add new and interesting colors to them. a watch-user can challenge another to a drawing contest. watch has actionable notifications, which would alert the second person immediately when (s)he has been invited to join a contest. vehicle parking and maintenance apps – once again, bmw has introduced an app of this type, and we would, in all probability, see many similar applications by next year. the focus of these apps would be: a) finding reliable, convenient car parking spots, b) providing owners step-by-step directions to where their vehicles have been parked, and c) ensuring that there is no unauthorized access (read: car thefts). an additional functionality to keep a tab on the car’s fuel tank can be included to. people can simply get in their cars and check their wristwatches, to find out whether they have to stop at a pumping station. no more relying on the fuel meter of vehicles! shopping apps – yet another great takeout from ‘glances’ on apple watch would be shopping-based apps. a properly customized native app for watch can allow shoppers to find out about the best retail stores in their city, for any particular product. from fellow-users of apple watch, recommendations and reviews of local restaurants can also be obtained. if someone is off on a foreign tour, apps of these kind would double up as a trustworthy travel guide. stock market-related apps – instead of including stock market information in the ticker apps (discussed above), developers would be better-off making separate personalized apps for them. on the watch screen, the app dashboard would display the stock quotes (with real-time updates) of the companies that a user is interested in. ideally, people should also be able to buy/sell shares directly from these watch apps. gaming apps – users of apple watch can tap the device screen to connect with each other – so how about making signal-based gaming apps? it will have to be a multiplayer game though, and each participant can send along patterned taps to the others (something like communicating in morse code). whoever is able to guess the meaning of the communication would get the next chance create a tap code. such a game might be a tad too difficult for kids, but adults with a penchant for solving puzzles would love it! diet advice apps – with the stand and the move rings of the activity app on watch, users can get a visual representation of their daily activity levels (along with the calorie-usage figure). ios developers can come up with third-party apps that work in sync with activity, to generate personalized diet charts for each individual user (based on his/her health status and activities). as the fitness levels improve (watch has an in-built fitness app for that), the recommended diets would change. push notifications can be sent along – if someone delays his/her meals by too long. voting apps – there can be apps for apple watch that can make people interact directly with the live events/concerts that they are watching. for instance, if there is a live dance competition on the tele in progress, viewers would be able to vote for their favorite performer, simply by tapping on the watch screen. surveys have shown that nearly 85% people fiddle with their smartphones or tablets while watching tv, and these apps would make apple watch a cool ‘second screen’. entertainment apps – developers will have the chance to make apple watch more engaging than any other device from the cupertino company. app companies can make applications that allow users to seamlessly connect their watch with both itunes radio as well as apple tv. these apps should ideally have pre-tested media screens/features, ensuring interruption-free video and audio playback. dating apps – there are many online dating sites, and app developers can collaborate a few of them – to create interesting dating apps for apple watch. nothing could possibly be more innovatively romantic than sending along the sounds of heartbeat (via healthkit), or to simply share cutely sketched heart figures (via sketches). the touch features of these applications would complement the digital touch, and would make conversations interesting like never before. people can save the names of their special someones, and send along a ‘tap’ whenever (s)he is feeling lonely. ios app development companies will require 2 separate executables while making apps for apple watch. firstly, there will be the native version of the app, which will have the storyboards, and secondly, a watchkit extension which would be operable on the paired iphone. apple has repeatedly emphasized that the watch applications would not take the place of general ios applications. instead, they would complement the latter. there can be many other categories of apps that can be developed for apple watch, which cannot be guessed right now. after all, when the first-generation ipad was released in 2010, who’d have guessed the sheer range of tablet apps that would become available over time?

ðə rɪˈzəlts ər kənˈklusɪv. əv mɔr ðən pɪr rivˈjud ˈpeɪpərz ˈpəblɪʃt ˈoʊvər ə ˈpɪriəd əv 20 jɪrz, pərˈsɛnt əˈgri ðət ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ ɪz ˈmænˌmeɪd. əv ðoʊz ˈpeɪpərz, ˈoʊnli pərˈsɛnt, ər 83 əv ðə ˈθaʊzənz əv ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ˈɑrtɪkəlz, dɪˈspjutɪd ðə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk kənˈsɛnsəs ðət ˈgloʊbəl ˈwɔrmɪŋ ɪz ðə rɪˈzəlt əv ˈjumən ækˈtɪvɪti. ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ pərˈsɛnt wər ənˈklɪr. ðə ˈstədi dɪˈskraɪbd ðə dɪˈsɛnɪŋ vju ɛz ə smɔl proportion”*” əv ðə ˈpəblɪʃt ˈrisərʧ. ˈfaɪndɪŋz pruv ðət ðɛr ɪz ə strɔŋ ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk əˈgrimənt əˈbaʊt ðə kɔz əv ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ, dɪˈspaɪt ˈpəblɪk pərˈsɛpʃənz tɪ ðə contrary,”*,” sɛd ʤɑn kʊk əv ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv kˈwinzˌlænd, hu lɛd ðə ˌrivˈju. ðə ˈpəblɪk rɪˈmeɪnz aʊt əv stɛp wɪθ ðə saɪəns. ə poʊl kənˈdəktəd baɪ ðə pju ˈrisərʧ ˈsɛnər læst fɔl ʃoʊd ə məˈʤɔrəti əv əˈmɛrɪkənz əkˈsɛpt ðət ðə ˈklaɪmɪt ɪz ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ, bət ʤɪst 42 pərˈsɛnt bɪˈliv ˈjumənz ər ðə meɪn ˈdraɪvər. ɪz ə ˈgeɪpɪŋ ˈkæzəm bɪtˈwin ðə ˈækʧəwəl kənˈsɛnsəs ənd ðə ˈpəblɪk perception,”*,” kʊk sɛd ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt. ðə ˈstədi bleɪmd ˈɪndəstri ˈlɑbiɪsts fər ðə dɪˈskrɛpənsi bɪtˈwin ðə vju ənd ðə saɪəns bɪˈhaɪnd ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ, wɪθ ðə rɪˈzəlt biɪŋ ˌɪˈnækʃən ɔn ðə greɪv ˈprɑbləm. ˈpoʊstɪd baɪ ˌælɪgˈzændər rid ˈkɛli. ðə ˈgɑrdiən: ðə ˈsərˌveɪ wɑz ðə moʊst æmˈbɪʃəs ˈɛfərt tɪ deɪt tɪ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt ðə brɔd əˈgrimənt ɔn ðə ˈkɔzɪz əv ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ, ˈkəvərɪŋ 20 jɪrz əv ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃənz frəm ɪn 2004 neɪˈoʊmi oreskes*, ən hɪˈstɔriən æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə, sæn ˈpəblɪʃt ˈlɪtərəʧər, riˈlisɪŋ hər rɪˈzəlts ɪn ðə ˈʤərnəl saɪəns. ʃi tu keɪm əp wɪθ ə ˈsɪmələr ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðət 97 əv ˈklaɪmɪt ˈsaɪəntɪsts əˈgrid ɔn ðə ˈkɔzɪz əv ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ. ʃi roʊt əv ðə nu ˈsərˌveɪ ɪn ən iˈmeɪl: ɪz ə nis, ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˌkɑnfərˈmeɪʃən, ˈjuzɪŋ ə ˈsəmˈwət ˈdɪfərənt ˌmɛθəˈdɑləʤi ðən aɪ juzd, ðət kəmz tɪ ðə seɪm rɪˈzəlt. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ rɪfˈjuts ðə kleɪm, ˈsəmˌtaɪmz meɪd baɪ kənˈtrɛriənz, ðət ðə kənˈsɛnsəs həz ˈbroʊkən daʊn, məʧ lɛs ‘‘shattered’.”*’.” rɛd mɔr climatedesk*:

the results are conclusive. of more than 4,000 peer reviewed papers published over a period of 20 years, 97.1 percent agree that climate change is man-made. of those 4,000-plus papers, only 0.7 percent, or 83 of the thousands of academic articles, disputed the scientific consensus that global warming is the result of human activity. the remaining 2.2 percent were unclear. the study described the dissenting view as a “vanishingly small proportion” of the published research. “our findings prove that there is a strong scientific agreement about the cause of climate change, despite public perceptions to the contrary,” said john cook of the university of queensland, who led the review. the public remains out of step with the science. a poll conducted by the pew research center last fall showed a majority of americans accept that the climate is changing, but just 42 percent believe humans are the main driver. “there is a gaping chasm between the actual consensus and the public perception,” cook said in a statement. the study blamed industry lobbyists for the discrepancy between the public’s view and the science behind climate change, with the result being inaction on the grave problem. — posted by alexander reed kelly. the guardian: the survey was the most ambitious effort to date to demonstrate the broad agreement on the causes of climate change, covering 20 years of academic publications from 1991-2011. in 2004, naomi oreskes, an historian at the university of california, san diego,surveyed published literature, releasing her results in the journal science. she too came up with a similar finding that 97% of climate scientists agreed on the causes of climate change. she wrote of the new survey in an email: “it is a nice, independent confirmation, using a somewhat different methodology than i used, that comes to the same result. it also refutes the claim, sometimes made by contrarians, that the consensus has broken down, much less ‘shattered’.” read more climatedesk:

ðɪs ɪz ðə ˈfaɪnəl pɑrt əv ə ˈsɪriz əv ˌɪntrəˈdəktəri poʊsts əˈbaʊt ðə ˈprɪnsəpəlz əv ˈklaɪmɪt modelling*. ˈəðərz ɪn ðə ˈsɪriz: 1 2 3 4 ðə ˈfaɪnəl bɪg kˈwɛʃən ɪn ðɪs ˈsɪriz ɪz: haʊ du wi prɪˈdɪkt ɑr fˈjuʧər? ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ dɪˈskəst soʊ fɑr həz bɪn əˈbaʊt haʊ tɪ dɪˈskraɪb ðə ərθ ˈsɪstəm wɪθ ə kəmˈpjutər ˈmɑdəl. haʊ əˈbaʊt ˈjuˈɛs? wi əˈfɛkt ðə ərθ. haʊ du wi prɪˈdɪkt wət ɑr pəˈlɪtɪkəl dɪˈsɪʒənz wɪl bi? haʊ məʧ ˈɛnərʤi juz, frəm wɪʧ ˈsɔrsəz? haʊ juz ðə lænd? wət nu tɛkˈnɑləʤiz wɪl ˈimərʤ? wi can’t*, əv kɔrs. ˌɪnˈstɛd wi meɪk ˈklaɪmɪt priˈdɪkʃənz fər ə sɛt əv ˈdɪfərənt ˈpɑsəbəl fˈjuʧərz. ˈdɪfərənt ˈstɔriˌlaɪnz wi maɪt feɪs. hir ɪz ə græf əv pæst wərld ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən, ənd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz priˈdɪkʃənz fər ðə fˈjuʧər ˈjuzɪŋ fɔr ˈpɑsəbəl fərˈtɪlɪti reɪts. ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz traɪɪŋ tɪ ˈænsər ðə kˈwɛʃən, wɪl ðə wərld ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən bi ɪn ðə future?”*?”. ðət dɪˈpɛndz ɔn fˈjuʧər fərˈtɪlɪti reɪts, wɪʧ ər ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ prɪˈdɪkt. ˌɪnˈstɛd ðeɪ æsk wʊd ðə ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən bi ɪf fərˈtɪlɪti reɪts wər tɪ steɪ ðə seɪm? ər ˈdiˌkris ə ˈlɪtəl, ər ə lot?”*?” wi du ðə seɪm fər ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ: nɑt wɪl ðə ˈklaɪmɪt change?”*?” bət wʊd ðə ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ ɪf ˈgrinˌhaʊs gæs ɪˈmɪʃənz wər tɪ kip ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ɪn ðə seɪm weɪ? ər ˈdiˌkris ə ˈlɪtəl, ər ə lot?”*?” wi meɪk priˈdɪkʃənz fər ˈdɪfərənt sɪˈnɛrioʊz. hir ɪz ə sɛt əv sɪˈnɛrioʊz fər ˈkɑrbən daɪˈɑkˌsaɪd ɪˈmɪʃənz. ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ ʃoʊz pæst ɪˈmɪʃənz æt ðə ˌlɛfˈthænd saɪd. ðiz sɪˈnɛrioʊz ər neɪmd ““sres”*” ˈæftər ðə ˈspɛʃəl rɪˈpɔrt ɔn ɪˈmɪʃənz sɪˈnɛrioʊz ɪn 2000 ðət dɪˈfaɪnd ðə ˈstɔriz bɪˈhaɪnd ðɛm. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ðə ˈstɔriˌlaɪn ɪz ənd səkˈsɛsfəl ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk dɪˈvɛləpmənt, ɪn wɪʧ ˈriʤənəl ˈævərɪʤ ˈɪnˌkəm pər ˈkæpɪtə kənˈvərʤ ˈkɑrənt dɪˈstɪŋkʃənz bɪtˈwin ““poor”*” ənd ““rich”*” ˈkəntriz ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli dissolve”*”, ənd wɪˈθɪn ɪt ðə sɪˈnɛrioʊ ɪz ðə moʊst ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪv. ðə ˈstɔriˌlaɪn həz haɪ ˈlɛvəl əv ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl ənd ˈsoʊʃəl ˈkɑnʃəsnəs kəmˈbaɪnd wɪθ ə ˈgloʊbəli koʊˈhɪrənt əˈproʊʧ tɪ ə mɔr səˈsteɪnəbəl development”*”, ðoʊ ɪt ˌɪnˈklud spɪˈsɪfɪk pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈækʃən tɪ rɪˈdus ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ. ðə sɪˈnɛrioʊz dɪˈskraɪb ənd ˈəðər ˈgrinˌhaʊs ˈgæsɪz, ənd ˈəðər ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ɪˈmɪʃənz (səʧ ɛz ˈsəlfər daɪˈɑkˌsaɪd) ðət əˈfɛkt ˈklaɪmɪt. wi meɪk ˈklaɪmɪt ʧeɪnʤ priˈdɪkʃənz fər iʧ sɪˈnɛrioʊ; ˈɛndɪŋz tɪ iʧ ˈstɔri. hir ər ðə priˈdɪkʃənz əv ˈtɛmpərəʧər. iʧ brɔd laɪn ɪz ən ˈɛstəˌmeɪt əv ə kənˈdɪʃənəl ˌprɑbəˈbɪləˌti: ðə ˌprɑbəˈbɪləˌti əv ə ˈtɛmpərəʧər ˌɪnˈkris, ˈgɪvɪn ə ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr sɪˈnɛrioʊ əv ɪˈmɪʃənz. ˈɔfən ðɪs kaɪnd əv priˈdɪkʃən ɪz kɔld ə prɑˈʤɛkʃən tɪ min ɪt ɪz ə wʊd ˈhæpən if”*” nɑt ə wɪl happen”*”. bət ˈpipəl du juz ðə tu ˌɪnərˈʧeɪnʤəbli, ənd traɪɪŋ tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn ðə ˈdɪfərəns ɪz wət gɑt mi kɔld dɪsɪnˈʤɛnjuəs ənd clintonesque*. wi meɪk prɑˈʤɛkʃənz tɪ hɛlp dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ ðə ˈifɛkts əv ɑr ˈpɑsəbəl ˈʧɔɪsɪz. ðɛr ɪz ənˈsərtənti əˈbaʊt ðiz ˈifɛkts, ʃoʊn baɪ ðə wɪdθ əv iʧ laɪn, soʊ ðə prɑˈʤɛkʃənz kən ˈoʊvərˌlæp. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ðə haɪəst ˈtɛmpərəʧərz fər ðə ˈstɔriˌlaɪn (ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl, səˈsteɪnəbəl) ər nɑt tu ˈdɪfərənt frəm ðə loʊəst ˈtɛmpərəʧərz fər (ˈræpɪd dɪˈvɛləpmənt, ˈfɑsəl ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪv). ɑr twɪn eɪmz ər tɪ traɪ tɪ əˈkaʊnt fər ˈɛvəri ənˈsərtənti, ənd tɪ traɪ tɪ rɪˈdus ðɛm, tɪ meɪk ðiz prɑˈʤɛkʃənz ðə moʊst rɪˈlaɪəbəl ənd ˈjusfəl ðeɪ kən bi. ə brif əˈsaɪd: ðə əˈproʊʧ tɪ futures’*’ ɪz naʊ ˈʧeɪnʤɪŋ. ə lɔŋ ənd sˈlaɪtli ˈtɔrʧəwəs ʧeɪn tɪ goʊ frəm ˈstɔriˌlaɪn tɪ sɪˈnɛrioʊ, ðɛn tɪ ˌɪnˈdəstriəl ɪˈmɪʃənz (ðə reɪt wi pʊt ˈgæsɪz ˈɪntu ðə ˈætməsˌfɪr), ənd ɔn tɪ ˌætməsˈfɛrɪk ˌkɑnsənˈtreɪʃənz (ðə əˈmaʊnt ðət steɪz ɪn ðə ˈætməsˌfɪr wɪˈθaʊt biɪŋ, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, əbˈzɔrbd baɪ ðə ˈoʊʃənz ər juzd baɪ plænts). soʊ ðɛr həz bɪn ə muv tɪ skɪp streɪt tɪ ðə læst stɛp. ər biɪŋ ˌriˈpleɪst wɪθ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪv ˌkɑnsənˈtreɪʃən ˈpæθˌweɪz (““rcp”*”). ðə ˈfɪzɪsɪst nilz bɔr ˈhɛlpfəli ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt ðət ɪz ˈvɛri ˈdɪfəkəlt, əˈspɛʃəli ɪf əˈbaʊt ðə future.”*.” ənd ðə ˈdəgləs ˈædəmz ˈædɪd tɪ prɪˈdɪkt ðə fˈjuʧər ɪz ə game.”*.” raɪt. ˈmeɪkɪŋ priˈdɪkʃənz əˈbaʊt wət wɪl ˈhæpən tɪ ɑr ˈplænət ɪz ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl. ˈmeɪkɪŋ prɑˈʤɛkʃənz əˈbaʊt wət maɪt ˈhæpən, ɪf wi teɪk ˈdɪfərənt ˈækʃənz, ɪz ˈdɪfəkəlt, fər ɔl ðə ˈrizənz dɪˈskəst ɪn ðɪs ˈsɪriz əv poʊsts. bət aɪ hoʊp, ɛz aɪ sɛd ɪn ðə fərst, kənˈvɪnst ju ɪt ɪz nɑt ən ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈkreɪzi aɪˈdiə.

this is the final part of a series of introductory posts about the principles of climate modelling. others in the series: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 the final big question in this series is: how do we predict our future? everything i’ve discussed so far has been about how to describe the earth system with a computer model. how about us? we affect the earth. how do we predict what our political decisions will be? how much energy we’ll use, from which sources? how we’ll use the land? what new technologies will emerge? we, of course. instead we make climate predictions for a set of different possible futures. different storylines we might face. here is a graph of past world population, and the united nations predictions for the future using four possible fertility rates. the united nations trying to answer the question, “what will the world population be in the future?”. that depends on future fertility rates, which are impossible to predict. instead they ask “what would the population be if fertility rates were to stay the same? or decrease a little, or a lot?” we do the same for climate change: not “how will the climate change?” but “how would the climate change if greenhouse gas emissions were to keep increasing in the same way? or decrease a little, or a lot?” we make predictions for different scenarios. here is a set of scenarios for carbon dioxide (co2) emissions. it also shows past emissions at the lefthand side. these scenarios are named “sres” after the special report on emissions scenarios in 2000 that defined the stories behind them. for example, the a1 storyline is “rapid and successful economic development, in which regional average income per capita converge – current distinctions between “poor” and “rich” countries eventually dissolve”, and within it the a1f1 a1fi scenario is the most fossil-fuel intensive. the b1 storyline has “a high level of environmental and social consciousness combined with a globally coherent approach to a more sustainable development”, though it include specific political action to reduce human-caused climate change. the scenarios describe co2 and other greenhouse gases, and other industrial emissions (such as sulphur dioxide) that affect climate. we make climate change predictions for each scenario; endings to each story. here are the predictions of temperature. each broad line is an estimate of a conditional probability: the probability of a temperature increase, given a particular scenario of emissions. often this kind of prediction is called a projection to mean it is a “what would happen if” not a “what will happen”. but people do use the two interchangeably, and trying to explain the difference is what got me called disingenuous and clintonesque. we make projections to help distinguish the effects of our possible choices. there is uncertainty about these effects, shown by the width of each line, so the projections can overlap. for example, the highest temperatures for the b1 storyline (environmental, sustainable) are not too different from the lowest temperatures for a1f1 a1fi (rapid development, fossil intensive). our twin aims are to try to account for every uncertainty, and to try to reduce them, to make these projections the most reliable and useful they can be. a brief aside: the approach to ‘possible futures’ is now changing. a long and slightly tortuous chain to go from storyline to scenario, then to industrial emissions (the rate we put gases into the atmosphere), and on to atmospheric concentrations (the amount that stays in the atmosphere without being, for example, absorbed by the oceans or used by plants). so there has been a move to skip straight to the last step. sres are being replaced with representative concentration pathways (“rcp”). the physicist niels bohr helpfully pointed out that “prediction is very difficult, especially if about the future.” and the ever-wise douglas adams added “trying to predict the future is a mug’s game.” they’re right. making predictions about what will happen to our planet is impossible. making projections about what might happen, if we take different actions, is difficult, for all the reasons i’ve discussed in this series of posts. but i hope, as i said in the first, i’ve convinced you it is not an entirely crazy idea.

məˈtælɪk glæs ˈrɛsəpi ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ˈbreɪkθˌru ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrisərʧərz hæv kriˈeɪtɪd ən ˌɪnˈstrəkʃən ˈmænjuəl ər ˈrɛsəpiz fər ˈmeɪkɪŋ məˈtælɪk glæs ðət kʊd hɛlp meɪk ðɪs ˈwəndər ˈmɛtəl fʊlˈfɪl ɪts ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl ˈprɑməs. məˈtælɪk glæs saʊnz laɪk ən ˌɑkˈsiˈmɔrɑn ɪt? ˈkɪndə laɪk ə ˈfoʊmi blæk hoʊl. glæs ɪz ˈʤɛnərəli kənˈsɪdərd tɪ bi ˈdɛləkət ənd ˈbrɪtəl; ðə ɪˈpɪtəmi əv ˈbreɪkəbəl. ˈmɛtəl ɪz nən əv ðiz. bət wət meɪks glæs ə glæs? praɪˈmɛrəli, ɔl əˈbaʊt ðə ərˈeɪnʤmənt əv ˈætəmz. ðeɪ ər nɑt leɪd aʊt ɪn ən ˈɔrdərd ˈstrəkʧər. ðɪs ɪz waɪ kɔld ən əˈmɔrfəs ˈsɑləd. ˈmɛtəl ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd ɪz ˈkrɪstəˌlaɪn ˈsɑləd wɪθ ən ˈɔrdərli ərˈeɪnʤmənt əv ˈætəmz ˈfɔrmɪŋ ˈkrɪstəl lattices*. ə məˈtælɪk glæs ðɛn dɪz nɑt hæv ðɪs ˈɔrdərli ərˈeɪnʤmənt əv ˈætəmz laɪk ˈɛvəri ˈəðər ˈmɛtəl ˈprɑbəˌbli ˈɛvər sin. ən əˈmɔrfəs ˈmɛtəl. ðɪs wɑz dɪˈskəvərd ɪn 1960 baɪ ɪn ðə juz. ɪt wɑz kriˈeɪtɪd baɪ ˈræpədli ˈkulɪŋ ən ˈæˌlɔɪ əv ˈvɛriəs ˈmɛtəlz. ðə ˈræpɪd ˈkulɪŋ ɪz ˈkrɪtɪkəl bɪˈkəz ɪt prɪˈvɛnts ðə ˈætəmz frəm ˈmuvɪŋ ˈɪntu ən ˈɔrdərli ərˈeɪnʤmənt ənd lɑks ɪt ˈɪntu ɪts ˈglæsi əˈmɔrfəs kənˌfɪgjərˈeɪʃən. ənd wɪn aɪ seɪ ˈræpɪd aɪ min ˈræpɪd. bæk ðɛn ɪt hæd tɪ bi kuld æt ðə ɪkˈwɪvələnt əv ə ˈmɪljən dɪˈgriz pər ˈsɛkənd. bɪˈkəz əv ðət rɪkˈwaɪrmənt ðeɪ kʊd ˈoʊnli meɪk ˈrɪbənz ər waɪərz əv məˈtælɪk glæs ðət hæd tɪ bi smɔl ɪn æt list wən dɪˈmɛnʃən tɪ səˈpɔrt səʧ ə ˈkulɪŋ reɪt ˈoʊvər ðə jɪrz ˈəðər ˈæˌlɔɪz pərˈmɪtɪd ə məʧ sloʊər ˈkulɪŋ laɪk dɪˈgriz ər 100 dɪˈgriz pər ˈsɛkənd. səm ˈæˌlɔɪz ˈivɪn əˈlaʊd 1 dɪˈgri pər ˈsɛkənd. ðɪs pərˈmɪtɪd prɑˈgrɛsɪvli ˈlɑrʤər ˈsæmpəlz əv məˈtælɪk glæs tɪ bi meɪd bət ɪz stɪl ˈəltəmətli ə ˈlɪmətɪŋ ˈfæktər. ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈmɛtəl əˈmɔrfəs ðoʊ, ˈʧeɪnʤɪz ɪts ˈprɑpərtiz ɪn ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli ˈjusfəl weɪz. fərst ənd ˈfɔrˌmoʊst, ðiz ˈæˌlɔɪz ər əˈmeɪzɪŋli strɔŋ ənd laɪt. səm hæv bɪn ʃoʊn tɪ bi ən əˈstaʊndɪŋ 3 taɪmz ɛz strɔŋ ɛz taɪˈteɪniəm. æd tɪ ðət ə haɪ ˌiˌlæˈstɪsəti ənd rɪˈzɪstəns tɪ ˈskræʧɪŋ, wɛr, ənd kərˈoʊʒən ənd ju hæv ə rɪˈmɑrkəbəl məˈtɪriəl ɔn jʊr hænz. noʊ ˈwəndər bɪn kɔld ðə moʊst sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ˌdɪˈskəvri ɪn məˈtɪriəlz saɪəns sɪns ðə ˌdɪˈskəvri əv ˈplæstɪks hæf ə ˈsɛnʧəri əˈgoʊ. ɪf ðə ˈmuvi ðə ˈgræʤəˌweɪt ɪz ˈɛvər riˈmeɪd, pərˈhæps ɪt wʊd ʧeɪnʤ ˌaɪˈkɑnɪk laɪn wərd: plastics”*” wərdz: məˈtælɪk glass”*”. ɪts məˈkænɪkəl ˈprɑpərtiz ər ˈoʊnli pɑrt əv ɪts yumminess*. kriˈeɪtɪŋ ˈprɑdəkts wɪθ ɪt kʊd ˈɔfər trɪˈmɛndəs ˈbɛnəfɪts kəmˈpɛrd tɪ ðə weɪ ˈrɛgjələr ˈmɛtəlz ər məˈnɪpjəˌleɪtɪd. məˈʃinɪŋ kənˈvɛnʃənəl ˈmɛtəl ˈjuzɪŋ ˈmɑdərn ˈmɛθədz kən bi ˈvɛri ɪkˈspɛnsɪv ənd ˈweɪstfəl. məˈtælɪk ˈglæsɪz ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd hæv bɪn ʃoʊn tɪ bi məʧ ˈiziər tɪ məˈnɪpjəˌleɪt. bɪˈkəz ɪt bɪˈkəm ə ˈvɪskəs ˈsɑləd æt ˈsərtən (ˌsupərˈkuld) ˈtɛmpərəʧərz. ðət minz bɪtˈwin ðə glæs trænˈzɪʃən ənd ˈtɛmpərəʧər. ðɪs ˈɔfərz ˈmɛni ædˈvæntɪʤɪz ˈoʊvər ðə ˈklæsɪk tɛkˈniks ɔl sin ˈvɪdioʊz əv. ˈkæstɪŋ ˈdifɛkts ər rɪˈdust moʊld tulz ˈsəfər lɛs ˈdæmɪʤ du tɪ loʊər ˈtɛmpərəʧərz ˈgreɪtər kənˈtroʊl əv ʤiˈɑmətri ənd ˈtɑlərənsɪz ər ˈɔlsoʊ əˈlaʊd ðɪs minz ðət məˈtælɪk glæs ˈɪndəstri həz ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl tɪ bi kwaɪt ˈvaɪəbəl kəˈmərʃəli ənd məʧ mɔr ɪˈfɪʃənt ðən məʧ əv kənˈvɛnʃənəl ˈmɛtəl ˈwərkɪŋ. ˈwɪljəm ɛl. ˈʤɑnsən, prəˈfɛsər əv məˈtɪriəlz saɪəns æt ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə ˈɪnstɪˌtut əv tɛkˈnɑləʤi sɪz ðət ɪt kʊd ˈivɪn bɪˈkəm ə tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪn ðə ˈmɛtəlz industry”*” aɪ ləv dɪsˈrəptɪv tɛkˈnɑləʤiz. ɛz ˈjuʒəwəl, kul nu tɛkˈnɑləʤiz dɪˈvɛləp fɑr tu sˈloʊli fər maɪ teɪsts. ðɪs meɪ bi əˈbaʊt tɪ ʧeɪnʤ. ˈrisərʧərz ɪn ˈsɪdni hæv kəm əp wɪθ ə ˈnɑvəl ˈmɑdəl əv ðə əˈtɑmɪk ˈstrəkʧər əv məˈtælɪk glæs. ðɪs əˈlaʊz ðɛm tɪ prɪˈdɪkt wɪʧ ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən əv ˈmɛtəlz hæv ðə pəˈtɛnʃəl tɪ bɪˈkəm məˈtælɪk glæs. ðɪs kʊd bi ə trɪˈmɛndəs ˈbɛnəfɪt sɪns məˈtælɪk glæs ɪz ˈɔfən meɪd əv ˈvɛriɪŋ pərˈsɛnɪʤɪz əv ˈməltəpəl ˈmɛtəlz laɪk ˈlænθənəm, mægˈniziəm, zərˈkoʊniəm, pəˈleɪdiəm, aɪərn, ˈkɑpər, ənd taɪˈteɪniəm. ðə ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃənz ənd ˌpərmjuˈteɪʃənz əv ðiz ˈmɛtəlz ənd ˈəðərz ɪz soʊ haɪ ðət ˈlæbrəˌtɔri ˈtɛstɪŋ ɪz ə ˈvɛri sloʊ, əˈfɛr. beɪst ɔn ðɪs ˈmɑdəl, ðə ˈsaɪəntɪsts hæv ɔˈrɛdi bɪn ˈeɪbəl tɪ səkˈsɛsfəli prɪˈdɪkt noʊ fjuər ðən 200 nu məˈtælɪk glæs ˈæˌlɔɪz ʤɪst beɪst ɔn taɪˈteɪniəm, mægˈniziəm, ˈsɪlvər, ˈkɑpər, ənd zɪŋk. əv kɔrs, ðɛr ər stɪl ˈhərdəlz tɪ bi ˈoʊvərˌkəm ˌbiˈfɔr məˈtælɪk glæs kən riʧ ɪts fʊl pəˈtɛnʃəl. wən ɪz ðət ɪt ɪz ˈɔfən sin tɪ eɪʤ kˈwɪkli. ɪkˈspoʊʒər tɪ ˈkɑnstənt ˈstrɛsɪz kən ˈsəmˌtaɪmz meɪk ɪt ˌpriməˈʧʊrli ənd ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪdli ˈbrɪtəl. ðɪs tu meɪ bi ə θɪŋ əv ðə pæst ˌhaʊˈɛvər. ʧaɪˈniz ˈrisərʧərz æt ðə ˈɪnstɪˌtut əv ˈfɪzɪks ɪn ˌbeɪˈʒɪŋ ˈrisəntli faʊnd ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ səˈluʃən tɪ ðɪs ˈprɑbləm baɪ ˈgɪvɪŋ ðə glæs ə ˈkraɪəˌʤɛnɪk bæθ. ðeɪ dɪp ɪt ˈɪntu ə ˈtɛmpərəʧər ˈlɪkwɪd ənd lɛt ɪt kul bæk tɪ rum ˈtɛmpərəʧər əˈbaʊt ə ˈdəzən taɪmz. ðə ˈsaɪəntɪsts kənˈtɛnd ðət ðə ˌpriməˈʧʊr ˈeɪʤɪŋ ɪz kɔzd baɪ ðə ˈrændəm ərˈeɪnʤmənt əv ˈætəmz ɪn ðə əˈmɔrfəs ˈsɑləd nɑt biɪŋ ˈrændəm ɪˈnəf (wət ðeɪ kɔl ðə əv ðə glæs structure”*”). ɛˈsɛnʃəli ðɛr ər səm ˈɔrdərli ˈstrəkʧərz hir ənd ðɛr θruaʊt ðə məˈtɪriəl. ðeɪ kleɪm ðə meɪks ðə ðə məˈtælɪk glæs ˈivɪn mɔr ˈrændəm ˈdiˌkrisɪŋ ðə ˌɪnˈtərnəl stəˈbɪlɪti. ðə rɪˈzəlt ɪz wət ðeɪ kɔl ə ˈəltəmət ˈsɑləd. ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz, ɛz ju meɪ ˌɪˈmæʤən ər ˈprɪti ɪkˈstɛnsɪv. səʧ ə ˈmɛtəl ɪn ˈwaɪdˈsprɛd pərˈdəkʃən wʊd drəˈmætɪkəli ʧeɪnʤ ðə speɪs reɪs wɛr weɪt ənd strɛŋθ ər kɪŋ. ˈspeɪˌskræft ˈbɑdi kənˈstrəkʃən ənd speɪs dəˈbri ʃildz ər ðə ˈɑbviəs frut. ʧaɪˈniz ˈrisərʧərz kəmˈpɛr ðɪs tɪ ˈtərnɪŋ ə ˈspeɪˌskræft frəm ðə trəks ðeɪ ər təˈdeɪ tɪ ðə ɪkˈwɪvələnt əv reɪs kɑz. speɪs ˈviɪkəlz ðə ˈoʊnli speɪs ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz. ðɪs kən ˈɔlsoʊ bi juzd fər ˈstrəkʧərz ɔn ðə mun ər mɑrz. ˈəðər pəˈtɛnʃəl ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ˌɪnˈklud:. ˈhaɪdrəʤən ˈstɔrɪʤ məˈtɪriəlz ɪn nɛkst ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən ˈbætəriz (ɪf ðə ˈhaɪdrəʤən ɪˈkɑnəmi ˈɛvər məˈtɪriəˌlaɪzɪz). prɑˈʤɛktəlz ðət kən pɪrs ˈbʊlətˌpruf vɛsts ər ˈivɪn tæŋks. ˈpərsɪnəl ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪk dɪˈvaɪsɪz ðət kənˈteɪn ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli strɔŋ kəmˈpoʊnənts ənd hæv ðɛr freɪmz ənd ˈkeɪsɪŋz meɪd əv məˈtælɪk glæs ˈmɛni ˈmɛdɪkəl ˌæpləˈkeɪʃənz ər ˈɔlsoʊ ˈlaɪkli ɛz wɛl. ðə wən ðət kɔt maɪ əˈtɛnʃən ɪz ə məˈtælɪk glæs ðət həz bɪn kriˈeɪtɪd frəm taɪˈteɪniəm, paladium*, ˈkɑpər, ənd zərˈkoʊniəm. (wɪʧ ɪz ˈɔlˌweɪz nis) pləs ɪt həz haɪ wɛr rɪˈzɪstəns ənd ˌəndərˈgoʊ ʃˈrɪŋkɪʤ ɔn solidification*. ðə əˈtrɪˌbjuts ðoʊ ər ə strɛŋθ θri taɪmz ðət əv taɪˈteɪniəm ənd ən ɪˈlæstɪk ˈkɑmprəbəl tɪ boʊnz. ˈivɪn wərkt aʊt ə weɪ tɪ əˈtæʧ ɪt dɪˈrɛkli tɪ boʊnz ˈjuzɪŋ ˈleɪzərz. æm naʊ pəˈtɛnʃəli wən stɛp ˈkloʊzər tɪ biɪŋ ˌwʊlvərˈin (ɪkˈsɛpt aɪ groʊ kul sideburns*) ˈæbˌstrækt ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkrɛdɪt:

metallic glass recipe generation breakthrough australian researchers have created an instruction manual or recipes for making metallic glass that could help make this wonder metal fulfill its incredible promise. metallic glass sounds like an oxymoron doesn’t it? kinda like a foamy black hole. glass is generally considered to be delicate and brittle; it’s the epitome of breakable. metal is none of these. but what makes glass a glass? primarily, it’s all about the arrangement of atoms. they are not laid out in an ordered structure. this is why it’s called an amorphous solid. metal on the other hand is non-amorphous..a crystalline solid with an orderly arrangement of atoms forming crystal lattices. a metallic glass then does not have this orderly arrangement of atoms like every other metal you’ve probably ever seen. it’s an amorphous metal. this was discovered in 1960 by caltech in the u.s. it was created by rapidly cooling an alloy of various metals. the rapid cooling is critical because it prevents the atoms from moving into an orderly arrangement and locks it into its glassy amorphous configuration. and when i say rapid i mean rapid. back then it had to be cooled at the equivalent of a million degrees per second. because of that requirement they could only make ribbons or wires of metallic glass that had to be small in at least one dimension to support such a cooling rate . over the years other alloys permitted a much slower cooling like 10,000 degrees or 100 degrees per second. some alloys even allowed 1 degree per second. this permitted progressively larger samples of metallic glass to be made but is still ultimately a limiting factor. making metal amorphous though, changes its properties in incredibly useful ways. first and foremost, these alloys are amazingly strong and light. some have been shown to be an astounding 3 times as strong as titanium. add to that a high elasticity and resistance to scratching, wear, and corrosion and you have a remarkable material on your hands. it’s no wonder it’s been called the most significant discovery in materials science since the discovery of plastics half a century ago. if the movie the graduate is ever remade, perhaps it would change it’s iconic line from..”one word: plastics” to…”two words: metallic glass”. its mechanical properties are only part of its yumminess. creating products with it could offer tremendous benefits compared to the way regular metals are manipulated. machining conventional metal using modern methods can be very expensive and wasteful. metallic glasses on the other hand have been shown to be much easier to manipulate. that’s because it become a viscous deformable solid at certain (supercooled) temperatures. that means between the glass transition and crystallization temperature. this offers many advantages over the classic melt-casting techniques we’ve all seen videos of. casting defects are reduced mold tools suffer less damage due to lower temperatures greater control of geometry and tolerances are also allowed this means that metallic glass industry has the potential to be quite viable commercially and much more efficient than much of conventional metal working. william l. johnson, professor of materials science at california institute of technology says that it could even become a “disruptive technology in the metals industry” i love disruptive technologies. as usual, cool new technologies develop far too slowly for my tastes. this may be about to change. researchers in sydney have come up with a novel model of the atomic structure of metallic glass. this allows them to predict which combination of metals have the potential to become metallic glass. this could be a tremendous benefit since metallic glass is often made of varying percentages of multiple metals like lanthanum, magnesium, zirconium, palladium, iron, copper, and titanium. the combinations and permutations of these metals and others is so high that laboratory testing is a very slow, hit-or-miss affair. based on this model, the scientists have already been able to successfully predict no fewer than 200 new metallic glass alloys just based on titanium, magnesium, silver, copper, and zinc. of course, there are still hurdles to be overcome before metallic glass can reach its full potential. one is that it is often seen to age quickly. exposure to constant stresses can sometimes make it prematurely and unexpectedly brittle. this too may be a thing of the past however. chinese researchers at the institute of physics in beijing recently found an interesting solution to this problem by giving the glass a cryogenic bath. they dip it into a super-low temperature liquid and let it cool back to room temperature about a dozen times. the scientists contend that the premature aging is caused by the random arrangement of atoms in the amorphous solid not being random enough (what they call the “intrinsic non-uniformity of the glass structure”). essentially there are some orderly structures here and there throughout the material. they claim the cryo-bath makes the the metallic glass even more random decreasing the material’s internal stability. the result is what they call a “game-changing ” ultimate solid. the applications, as you may imagine are pretty extensive. such a metal in widespread production would dramatically change the space race where weight and strength are king. spacecraft body construction and space debris shields are the obvious low-hanging fruit. chinese researchers compare this to turning a spacecraft from the trucks they are today to the equivalent of race cars. space vehicles aren’t the only space applications. this can also be used for structures on the moon or mars. other potential applications include:. hydrogen storage materials in next generation batteries (if the hydrogen economy ever materializes). armour-piercing projectiles that can pierce bulletproof vests or even tanks. personal electronic devices that contain incredibly strong components and have their frames and casings made of metallic glass many medical applications are also likely as well. the one that caught my attention is a metallic glass that has been created from titanium, paladium, copper, and zirconium. it’s non-carcinogenic (which is always nice) plus it has high wear resistance and won’t undergo shrinkage on solidification. the stand-out attributes though are a strength three times that of titanium and an elastic modulus comparable to bones. they’ve even worked out a way to attach it directly to bones using lasers. check…i am now potentially one step closer to being wolverine (except i can’t grow cool sideburns) abstract image credit: http://phys.org/news/2013-06-window-glasses.html

ə "noʊ ɔn si" saɪn ɪz hɛld ɔn ə strit ˈkɔrnər ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈspɛʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən tɪ si ɪf ˈrɛzɪdənts əˈpruv ˈmɛʒər si, tɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃ rɛnt ənd ɪˈvɪkʃən kənˈtroʊl ɪn ˈsænə ˈroʊzə, ˈsiˈeɪ ɔn ʤun 6 2017 ə "noʊ ɔn si" saɪn ɪz hɛld ɔn ə strit ˈkɔrnər ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈspɛʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən tɪ si ɪf ˈrɛzɪdənts əˈpruv ˈmɛʒər si, tɪ ɪˈstæblɪʃ rɛnt ənd ɪˈvɪkʃən kənˈtroʊl ɪn ˈsænə ˈroʊzə, ˈsiˈeɪ ɔn ʤun 6 2017 ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: braɪən ɛl. fræŋk, ˈspɛʃəl tɪ ðə ˈkrɑnɪkəl ˈfoʊˌtoʊ: braɪən ɛl. fræŋk, ˈspɛʃəl tɪ ðə ˈkrɑnɪkəl ˈɪmɪʤ 1 əv 9 ˈkæpʃən kloʊz ˈsænə ˈroʊzə rɛnt kənˈtroʊl ˈmɛʒər dɪˈfitɪd 1 9 bæk tɪ ˈgæləri ə ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ˈmɛʒər tɪ ɪˈnækt rɛnt kənˈtroʊl ɪn ˈsænə ˈroʊzə wɛnt daʊn tɪ dɪˈfit ˈtuzˌdeɪ naɪt, dɪˈspaɪt ə ˌlæsˈmɪnət kæmˈpeɪn stɔrm baɪ ˈjunjən ˈwərkərz ənd ˈæktɪvɪsts hu keɪm frəm ɛz fɑr əˈweɪ ɛz ˈoʊklənd tɪ prəˈmoʊt ðə lɔ. ˈbælət ˈmɛʒər si wʊd hæv ˈlɪmɪtɪd rɛnt ˌɪnˈkrisɪz tɪ noʊ mɔr ðən 3 pərˈsɛnt ˈænjuəli ənd proʊˈhɪbət ˈlænˌdlɔrdz frəm ɪˈvɪktɪŋ ˈtɛnənts wɪˈθaʊt ə ʤɪst kɔz. bət ðə ˈmɛʒər lɔst pərˈsɛnt tɪ pərˈsɛnt wɪθ ɔl 65 ˈpriˌsɪŋkts rɪˈpɔrtɪŋ. ðə ˈmɛʒər əroʊz frəm ən ˈɔrdənəns ðət ðə ˈsɪti ˈkaʊnsəl pæst ɪn ˈɔgəst əv læst jɪr bət ðət ðə ˈsɪti pʊt ɔn hoʊld ɪn sɛpˈtɛmbər, ˈæftər æt list 10 pərˈsɛnt əv ˈrɛʤɪstərd ˈvoʊtərz saɪnd ə ˌrɛfərˈɛndəm pəˈtɪʃən. ðə pəˈtɪʃənərz kɪkt ðə prəˈpoʊzd lɔ ˈoʊvər tɪ ˈspɛʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən. ɪn ðə ˌɪntərˈvinɪŋ mənθs, ə ˈbætəl ɪnˈsud bɪtˈwin tu kæmˈpeɪnz wɪθ ənˈkænəli ˈsɪmələr ˈmɛsɪʤɪŋ. ðə rɛnt kənˈtroʊl səˈpɔrtərz kɔld ðɛr saɪd ənd əˈfɔrdəbəl ˈsænə rosa”*” ənd sɛd ðeɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ seɪv ðə ˈwərkɪŋ- ənd ˈmɪdəlˈklæs ˈfæməliz frəm dɪˈspleɪsmənt. ðə əˈpoʊnənts dəbd ðɛr kæmˈpeɪn ˈhaʊzɪŋ fər all”*” ənd əˈtækt ðə ˈmɛʒər fər ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ sɑlv ˈhoʊmləsnəs ənd fər rikˈwaɪərɪŋ ə nu bjʊˈrɑkrəsi tɪ ɛnˈfɔrs ðə lɔ. ˈweɪtɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈsaɪˌdlaɪnz wər ˈrɛzɪdənts hu sɛd ðɛr lɪvz wʊd bi proʊˈfaʊndli əˈfɛktɪd baɪ ðə dɪˈsɪʒən. rɛnt wɛnt əp 150 ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri frəm tɪ wɪʧ ɪz ə lɔt wɪn ɔn ə fɪkst income,”*,” sɛd ˈkɛrɪn ʤoʊnz, 72 hu gɪts baɪ ɔn ˈsoʊʃəl sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈpeɪmənts ənd hər ˈpɛnʃən. ðə tu əv ðɛm hæv ʃɛrd ðə seɪm əˈpɑrtmənt fər 18 jɪrz. ˈsænə ˈroʊzə wɑz ðə ˈleɪtəst ɪn ə strɪŋ əv ˈnɔrðərn ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə ˈsɪtiz tɪ teɪk əp ðə rɛnt kənˈtroʊl faɪt. ˈvoʊtərz ɪn ˈrɪʧmənd ənd ˈmaʊntən vju pæst rɛnt kənˈtroʊl ˈmɛʒərz ɪn 2016 ə ˈsteɪtˌwaɪd treɪd grup kɔld ðə ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə əˈpɑrtmənt əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən faɪld ˈlɔˌsuts tɪ ˈoʊvərˌtərn boʊθ cities’*’ lɔz, bət ðə grup sɛd ɪn meɪ ðət ɪt hæd ɪts ˈligəl efforts”*” ˈæftər ˈʤəʤɪz ɪn ˈsænə ˈklɛrə ənd ˈkɑntrə ˈkɔstɑ ˈkaʊntiz ruld əˈgɛnst ðɛm. sæn ˌhoʊˈzeɪ, ˈjunjən ˈsɪti ənd ˌæləˈmidə ɔl pæst ɪˈvɪkʃən prəˈtɛkʃən lɔz ðɪs jɪr, waɪl pəˈsɪfɪkə kɔld fər ə ˈspɛʃəl ɪˈlɛkʃən ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər tɪ pʊt rɛnt kənˈtroʊl ɔn ðə ˈbælət. ðə ˈɪʃu ɪz ˈstɛdəli ˈgeɪnɪŋ moʊˈmɛntəm, sɛd din ˈprɛstən, hɛd əv ðə sæn ˈtɛnənts raɪts grup ˈtɛnənts təˈgɛðər. ˈsænə ˈmɛʒər, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv ðə moʊˈmɛntəm. ˈreɪʧəl swɔn ɪz ə sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ˈkrɑnɪkəl stæf ˈraɪtər. iˈmeɪl:

a "no on c" sign is held on a street corner during a special election to see if residents approve measure c, to establish rent and eviction control in santa rosa, ca on june 6, 2017. a "no on c" sign is held on a street corner during a special election to see if residents approve measure c, to establish rent and eviction control in santa rosa, ca on june 6, 2017. photo: brian l. frank, special to the chronicle photo: brian l. frank, special to the chronicle image 1 of / 9 caption close santa rosa rent control measure defeated 1 / 9 back to gallery a controversial measure to enact rent control in santa rosa went down to defeat tuesday night, despite a last-minute campaign storm by union workers and activists who came from as far away as oakland to promote the law. ballot measure c would have limited rent increases to no more than 3 percent annually and prohibit landlords from evicting tenants without a just cause. but the measure lost 52.5 percent to 47.5 percent with all 65 precincts reporting. the measure arose from an ordinance that the city council passed in august of last year but that the city put on hold in september, after at least 10 percent of registered voters signed a referendum petition. the petitioners kicked the proposed law over to tuesday’s special election. in the intervening months, a battle ensued between two campaigns with uncannily similar messaging. the rent control supporters called their side “fair and affordable santa rosa” and said they wanted to save the city’s working- and middle-class families from displacement. the opponents dubbed their campaign “fair housing for all” and attacked the measure for failing to solve homelessness and for requiring a new taxpayer-funded bureaucracy to enforce the law. waiting on the sidelines were residents who said their lives would be profoundly affected by the decision. “our rent went up $150 in january — from $1,050 to $1,200 — which is a lot when you’re on a fixed income,” said karin jones, 72, who gets by on social security payments and her husband’s pension. the two of them have shared the same two-bedroom apartment for 18 years. santa rosa was the latest in a string of northern california cities to take up the rent control fight. voters in richmond and mountain view passed rent control measures in 2016. a statewide trade group called the california apartment association filed lawsuits to overturn both cities’ laws, but the group said in may that it had “suspended its legal efforts” after judges in santa clara and contra costa counties ruled against them. san jose, union city and alameda all passed eviction protection laws this year, while pacifica called for a special election in november to put rent control on the ballot. the issue is steadily gaining momentum, said dean preston, head of the san francisco-based tenants rights group tenants together. santa rosa’s measure, however, couldn’t take advantage of the momentum. rachel swan is a san francisco chronicle staff writer. email: rswan@sfchronicle.com twitter:@rachelswan

ˈdəgləs klɛr ˈfɪʃər (ɑkˈtoʊbər 22 1928 ˈʤænjuˌɛri 26 wɑz ən əˈmɛrɪkən keyboardist*, kəmˈpoʊzər, ərˈeɪnʤər, ənd ˈbændlidər. ˈæftər ˈgræʤəˌweɪtɪŋ frəm ˈmɪʃɪgən steɪt ˌjunəˈvərsəti (frəm wɪʧ, faɪv ˈdɛkeɪdz ˈleɪtər, hi wʊd rɪˈsiv ən ˈɑnərˌɛri ˈdɑktərət), hi bɪˈkeɪm ðə ˈpiənɪst ənd ərˈeɪnʤər fər ðə ˈvoʊkəl grup ðə ɪn ðə leɪt 1950s*. ˈfɪʃər wɛnt ɔn tɪ wərk wɪθ ˈdɑnəld bərd ənd ˈdɪzi gəˈlɛspi, ənd bɪˈkeɪm noʊn fər hɪz ˈlætən ənd ˈnoʊvə rɪˈkɔrdɪŋz ɪn ðə 1960s*. hi kəmˈpoʊzd ðə ˈlætən ʤæz ˈstændərd "ˈmɔrnɪŋ", ənd ðə ʤæz ˈstændərd "pensativa*". kənˈsɪstəntli ˈsaɪtɪd baɪ ʤæz ˈpiənɪst ənd kəmˈpoʊzər ˈhərbi ˈhænˌkɑk ɛz ə ˈmeɪʤər ˈɪnfluəns ("aɪ ˈwʊdənt bi mi wɪˈθaʊt klɛr hi wɑz ˈnɑməˌneɪtəd fər ˈilɛvən ˈgræmi əˈwɔrdz ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz ˈlaɪfˌtaɪm, ˈwɪnɪŋ fər hɪz ˈlændˌmɑrk ˈælbəm, 1981 ðə fərst əv ˈfɪʃərz ˈrɛkərdz tɪ ˌɪnˈkɔrpərˌeɪt ðə ˈvoʊkəl ɑnˈsɑmbəl ˈraɪtɪŋ dɪˈvɛləpt ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz deɪz ˈɪntu hɪz ɔˈrɛdi ˈsaɪzəbəl ˈlætən ʤæz dɪˈskɔgrəfi; ɪt wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ðə fərst rɪˈkɔrdɪd ˌɪnˈstɔlmənt ɪn ˈfɪʃərz kəˌlæbərˈeɪʃən wɪθ hɪz sən brɛnt. ˈfɪʃər wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ ə ˈpɑsʧʊməs ˈgræmi ˈwɪnər fər ¡¡ritmo*! 2012 ənd fər mˈjuzɪk fər strɪŋz, pərˈkəʃən ənd ðə rɛst 2013 bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈərli 1970s*, ˈfɪʃər ɛmˈbɑrkt ɔn ə ˈpɛrəˌlɛl (ənd fɑr mɔr ˈlukrətɪv) kərɪr, ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli bɪˈkəmɪŋ ə məʧ ərˈeɪnʤər, prəˈvaɪdɪŋ ɔrˈkɛstrəl "sˈwitənərz" fər pɑp ənd ˈɑrtɪsts səʧ ɛz ˈrufəs (wɪθ kɑn), prɪns (ə ˈrɛgjələr klaɪənt frəm 1984 ˈɑnwərdz, ənd baɪ fɑr ˈfɪʃərz moʊst ˈfrikˌwɛnt ɪn pɑp mˈjuzɪk), ˈrɑbərt ˈpɑmər, pɔl məˈkɑrtni, ˈmaɪkəl ˈʤæksən, səˈlin diɔn, ənd ˈmɛni ˈəðərz. ˈərli laɪf ənd ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˈɛdət ˈfɪʃər wɑz ðə θərd əv fɔr ˈʧɪldrən bɔrn tɪ ˈsisəl ənd laʊˈɛlə (ruˈsæn) ˈfɪʃər əv dʊˈrɑnd, hɪz ˈpɛrənts wər əv ˈʤərmən, frɛnʧ, irish-scot*, ənd ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˈbækˌgraʊndz. ɪn greɪd skul hi ˈstɑrtɪd hɪz ˈʤɛnərəl mˈjuzɪk ˈstədi wɪθ vaɪəˈlɪn ənd piˈænə ɛz hɪz fərst ˈɪnstrəmənts. æt ðə eɪʤ əv 7 hi bɪˈgæn tɪ pɪk aʊt ˈhɑrməni ɔn ðə piˈænə. ˈæftər tu jɪrz əv piˈænə ˈlɛsənz ðə ˈfæməli muvd tɪ grænd ˈræpɪdz, ˈmɪʃɪgən, wɛr ˈfɪʃər bɪˈgæn kəmˈpoʊzɪŋ ˈklæsɪkəl mˈjuzɪk ənd ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˌɪnstrəˈmɛnəl ərˈeɪnʤmənts fər dæns bændz. æt saʊθ haɪ skul hi tʊk əp ˈʧɛloʊ, ˌklɛrəˈnɛt, ənd ˈsæksəˌfoʊn. hɪz haɪ skul ˌɪnˈstrəktər, glɛn ˈlɪtən, tʊk ən ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ðə bɔɪ ənd, bɪˈkəz ðə ˈfæməli kʊd nɑt əˈfɔrd ɪt, geɪv ɪm fri ˈlɛsənz ɪn mˈjuzɪk ˈθɪri, ˈhɑrməni, ənd ˌɔrkəˈstreɪʃən. ˈfɪʃər rɪˈtərnd ðə ˈfeɪvər baɪ ˈɔrkɪˌstreɪtɪŋ ənd ˈkɑpiɪŋ mˈjuzɪk fər ɪm. wɛˈnɛvər ðə ˈkɑnsərt bænd ˈnidɪd ən ˈɪnstrəmənt, ˈfɪʃər wʊd bi səˈplaɪd wɪθ ɪt ənd ðə ˈfɪŋgərɪŋ ʧɑrt tɪ pleɪ ɪt ɪn ˈkɑnsərt. ðɪs geɪv ɪm ə ˈpərsɪnəl ˈtreɪnɪŋ ɪn ˌɔrkəˈstreɪʃən ðət wɑz ˌɪnˈvæljəbəl. ˈfɪʃər ˈstɑrtɪd hɪz oʊn bænd æt 15 fər wɪʧ hi roʊt ɔl ðə ˈæftər ˈgræʤəˌweɪtɪŋ ɪn 1946 hi bɪˈgæn ˌəndərˈgræʤəwət ˈstədiz ɪn 1947 æt ˈmɪʃɪgən steɪt ˌjunəˈvərsəti, ˈmeɪʤərɪŋ ɪn mˈjuzɪk ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃən ənd ˈθɪri, ənd ˈstədiɪŋ wɪθ eɪʧ. oʊən rid. ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz tinz ðɛr wər noʊ fəndz fər ɪm tɪ ˈstədi piˈænə, soʊ hi wɑz ˈmoʊstli self-taught*. ˈðɛrˌfɔr hɪz ˈmeɪʤər ˈɪnstrəmənt ɪn ˈkɑlɪʤ wɑz ˈʧɛloʊ, ənd piˈænə ə ˈmaɪnər. ˈleɪtər hi ʧeɪnʤd hɪz ˈmeɪʤər tɪ piˈænə ənd ˈmaɪnər ɪn ˌklɛrəˈnɛt. ˈfɪʃərz ˈruˌmeɪts æt ðə ˈmɪʃɪgən steɪt ˌjunəˈvərsəti wər ˈlætən əˈmɛrɪkənz, ɛz wər ðə məˈʤɔrəti əv hɪz frɛndz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə mˈjuzɪk dɪˈpɑrtmənt. hi wɑz ˌɪntrəˈdust tɪ ðə mˈjuzɪk əv ˈtitoʊ punt, ˈtitoʊ rɑˈdrigɛz, ənd ˈəðərz. θru hɪz frɛndz hi bɪˈkeɪm ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ðə ˈspænɪʃ ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ənd tʊk ɪt ɛz ə ˈmaɪnər ɔn hɪz ˈmæstərz dɪˈgri. ˈfɪʃərz ˈpæʃən fər mˈjuzɪk wɑz ˈɔlˌweɪz mæʧt baɪ hɪz ləv əv ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz. ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈpərsən həz əˈbaʊt ə ˈfɪfˈtin pərˈsɛnt ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv ə ˈfɔrən ˈlæŋgwɪʤ. hi noʊz wət ˈlæŋgwɪʤ ɪt ɪz ənd ɪz fəˈmɪljər wɪθ wən ər tu wərdz. wɪθ mˈjuzɪk ɪt ɪz nɑt ˈdɪfərənt. moʊst ˈpipəl ˈoʊnli hir ðə ˈlɪrɪks tɪ ə sɔŋ ər fil ðə bit. aɪ hæv ˈɔlˌweɪz meɪd mˈjuzɪk fər gʊd ˈlɪsənərz, wɪθ 65 tɪ ˈeɪti pərˈsɛnt əv mˈjuzɪkəl ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ. ðət ɪz waɪ wɪθ maɪ ˈvoʊkəl ˌsɛkˈstɛt ɔl ˈpisɪz ər səŋ ɪn ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈlæŋgwɪʤ, ˈwɛðər ðət ɪz ˈʤərmən, ˈspænɪʃ ər ˈfɪʃər ˈgræʤəˌweɪtɪd ɪn 1951 wɪθ ə b.m*., kəm lɔd, ənd bɪˈgæn hɪz fərst jɪr əv ˈgræʤəˌweɪt wərk ɪn ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃən. ðə juz. ˈɑrmi ˈdræftɪd ɪm ðə nɛkst jɪr, ˈsɛndɪŋ ɪm tɪ fɔrt ˈlɛnərd wʊd, məˈzʊri, fər ˈbeɪsɪk ˈtreɪnɪŋ. ðɛr hi pleɪd ˈæltoʊ ˈsæksəˌfoʊn ɪn ðə bænd ənd ˈɛndɪd hɪz ˈsərvɪs ɛz ən ərˈeɪnʤər æt ðə juz. ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri əˈkædəmi bænd æt wɛst pɔɪnt, n.y*. ˈæftər ðə ˈɑrmi, ˈfɪʃər rɪˈtərnd tɪ ˈmɪʃɪgən steɪt. ɪn 1955 hi rɪˈsivd hɪz ˈmæstər əv mˈjuzɪk. ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ɪmˈplɔɪmənt ˈɛdət ˈfɪʃər nɛkst lɪvd ɪn ˈdiˌtrɔɪt, ˈmɪʃɪgən, ˈwɛrəˈpɑn, ˈæftər fərst ˈhirɪŋ ðə ˈvoʊkəl kwɔrˈtɛt ðə ɪn ə lɪv pərˈfɔrməns, hi ˈprɑmptli ˈɔfərd hɪz ˈsərvɪsɪz. ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst faɪv jɪrz, ˈfɪʃər rɪˈkɔrdɪd ˈsɛvərəl ˈælbəmz wɪθ ðə grup, ˈsərvɪŋ ɛz ˈpiənɪst ənd, ɔn əˈkeɪʒən, ərˈeɪnʤər. ɪn əˈdɪʃən, hi kənˈtrɪbjutɪd ˈsɛvərəl ˈvoʊkəl ərˈeɪnʤmənts, ˈmeɪkɪŋ hɪz ˈdeɪbju ɪn ðət kəˈpæsɪti; ɪt wɑz ðiz ərˈeɪnʤmənts ðət ˈhərbi ˈhænˌkɑk wʊd ˈleɪtər pɔɪnt tɪ ɛz ə ˈmeɪʤər ˈɪnfluəns: wɪn aɪ ˈrɪli ˈlərnɪd səm məʧ laɪk ðə ˈhɑrməniz aɪ juzd ɔn spik laɪk ə ʧaɪld ʤɪst biɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tɪ du ðət. aɪ ˈrɪli gɑt ðət frəm klɛr ˈfɪʃərz ərˈeɪnʤmənts fər ðə. klɛr ˈfɪʃər wɑz ə ˈmeɪʤər ˈɪnfluəns ɔn maɪ hɑrˈmɑnɪk aɪ hərd səm əv hɪz læst ˈrɛkərdz, ənd hi wɑz stɪl duɪŋ əˈmeɪzɪŋ hɑrˈmɑnɪk stəf. ənd, əv kɔrs, hi wɑz ə ˈwəndərfəl ˈpiənɪst, tu. bət ɪt wɑz ðoʊz ˈvoʊkəl ˈhɑrməniz ðət wər ðə fərst θɪŋ aɪ hərd. aɪ wɑz ɪn ɔ əv wɪn ˈfɪʃər muvd tɪ ˈhɑliˌwʊd ɪn 1958 hi wɛnt tɪ ist l.a*. tɪ pleɪ ənd lərn mɔr əˈbaʊt. hi ˈstɑrtɪd ɪn ə grup wɪθ moʊˈdɛstoʊ dəræn ɛz ˈlidər ənd pleɪd wɪθ ˈmɛni ˈdɪfərənt grups. ɔn noʊˈvɛmbər 2 1959 hi meɪd ə ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˈfrutfəl kəˈnɛkʃən wɪˈθɪn ðɪs ˈʒɑnrə wɪn hi əˈpɪrd wɪθ ðə æt ðə fərst ˈænjuəl lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs ʤæz ˈfɛstɪvəl ɔn ðə seɪm bɪl wɪθ ðə ɔˈrɛdi ˈpɑpjələr ˈlætən ʤæz grup lɛd baɪ kæl. boʊθ hɪz pleɪɪŋ ənd ərˈeɪnʤɪŋ meɪd ən ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˌɪmˈprɛʃən ɔn hu wɛnt ɔn tɪ ɪmˈplɔɪ ˈfɪʃər ɪn boʊθ kəˈpæsɪtiz ɔn ˈsɛvərəl rɪˈkɔrdɪŋz ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst θri jɪrz; ðə tu wʊd ˌriuˈnaɪt ɪn ðə mid-seventies*, ˈlidɪŋ ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli tɪ ðə fɔrˈmeɪʃən əv ˈfɪʃərz oʊn ˈlætən ʤæz ˈjunɪt, ˈsɑlsə piˈkɑnteɪ. ɪn 1961 ˈfɪʃər bɪˈkeɪm ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn brəˈzɪljən mˈjuzɪk θru ðə rɪˈkɔrdɪŋz əv kɑrˈdoʊsoʊ ənd ʤoʊoʊ gɪlˈbɛrˌtoʊ. ðɪs ˌdɪˈskəvri, ˈkəpəld wɪθ hɪz ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən tɪ ðə mˈjuzɪk əv ˈmɛksəkən kəmˈpoʊzər ˈmɑrioʊ ruiz armengol*, lɛd tɪ ˈfɪʃərz ˈsəbsəkwənt kəˌlæbərˈeɪʃən wɪθ kæl, ə 1962 ˈɛlˈpi dɪˈvoʊtɪd ˈʤɔɪntli tɪ mˈjuzɪk ənd ðət əv əˈsɔrtɪd kənˈtɛmpərˌɛri brəˈzɪljən ˈoʊvər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ jɪr, ˈfɪʃər kəˈlæbərˌeɪtɪd ɔn tu wɪθ ˈsæksəˌfoʊnɪst bəd ʃæŋk, ənd əreɪnʤd əˈnəðər fər ˈpiənɪst ʤɔrʤ ˈʃɪrɪŋ. waɪl wɪθ ðə, ˈfɪʃər əreɪnʤd ə ˈrɛkərd baɪ ˈtrəmpətər ˈdɑnəld bərd, wɪʧ, baɪ ˈvərʧu əv ˈfɪʃərz juz əv strɪŋz ənd hɑrps, ˌɪmˈbjud ˈwɛlˈnoʊn ˈstændərdz wɪθ ən ˌənəˈkəstəmd, ˌmɛlənˈkɑlɪk kˈwɑləti. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ɪt wʊd bi tˈwɛntiˌfaɪv jɪrz ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ˈælbəm wɑz ˈfaɪnəli riˈlist, sɛpˈtɛmbər ˌæftərˈnun peɪd ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˈdɪvɪˌdɛndz wɪn bərd pleɪd ə ˈkɑpi fər ˈdɪzi gəˈlɛspi. ɪn tərn, gəˈlɛspi haɪərd ˈfɪʃər tɪ raɪt ərˈeɪnʤmənts fər ə smɔl ɑnˈsɑmbəl ˈfiʧərɪŋ bræs ənd ˈwʊdˌwɪndz fər hɪz oʊn ˈælbəm, ə ˈpɔrtrət əv duk ˈɛlɪŋtən, wɪʧ wɑz wɛl rɪˈsivd. ɪn 1960 ˈælbəmz fər kæl ənd ˈpiənɪst ʤɔrʤ ˈʃɪrɪŋ ˈfɑloʊd, ɛz dɪd ən kərɪr əv ˈraɪtɪŋ mˈjuzɪk fər kəˈmərʃəlz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə ˈsaɪnɪŋ əv ˈfɪʃərz fərst ˈrɛkərd ˈkɑnˌtrækt. ˈərli kərɪr ɛz ə ˈlidər ˈɛdət ðə fərst rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ ˈəndər hɪz oʊn neɪm bɪˈgæn ɪn 1962 fər pəˈsɪfɪk ʤæz ˈrɛkərdz: fərst taɪm aʊt, ˈsərʤɪŋ əˈhɛd, mɑnˈtɛkə! ənd ɪkˈstɛnʃən, pləs rɪˈkɔrdɪŋz wɪθ bəd ʃæŋk ənd ʤoʊ pæs. ðiz ˈərli ˈrɛkərdz ər məˈtɪkjələs ˈstədiz ɪn ʤæz, ˈnoʊvə ənd ˈmɑmboʊ, wɪθ ðə hɑrˈmɑnɪk dɛpθ əv bɑk, ˌʃɔstəˈkoʊvɪʧ ənd strəˈvɪnski. ðeɪ wər wɛl rɪˈsivd baɪ ðə ˈkrɪtɪks, bət kəˈmərʃəli nɑt ˈvɛri səkˈsɛsfəl. ˈfɪʃər pərˈzɛnəd hɪmˈsɛlf boʊθ ɛz ˈpiənɪst ənd ərˈeɪnʤər ənd kəmˈpoʊzd hɪz moʊst ˈfeɪməs ˈpisɪz, "pensativa*" ənd "ˈmɔrnɪŋ". hɪz ˈmɛni ˈtælənts, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, pruvd ə ˌdɪsədˈvænɪʤ. wɛˈnɛvər aɪ pleɪd wɪθ ə ˈtriˌoʊ, ˈpipəl sɛd: "ˈfɪʃər oʊz ə lɔt tɪ bɪl ˈɛvənz." hu aɪ hæd ˈnɛvər hərd pleɪɪŋ. maɪ bɪg mˈjuzɪkəl ɪgˈzæmpəl æt ðə taɪm wɑz li konitz*. ənd wɪn aɪ ˈɔrkɪˌstreɪtɪd ə ˈrɛkərd ɪt wɑz gɪl ˈɛvənz, ðə ərˈeɪnʤər, ðət aɪ ˈkɑpid. aɪ kɔld ðɪs maɪ "ˈɛvənz ˈbrəðərz ərˈeɪnʤmənts fər ˈmeɪndɛs, ˈwɪli rəf ənd ˈəðərz ˈfɑloʊd. ɪn ðə ˈsɪkstiz ˈfɪʃər bɪˈgæn pleɪɪŋ ðə ˈɔrgən əˈgɛn, ˈhævɪŋ ˈstədid ðə paɪp ˈɔrgən æt ˈsɪkˈstin. hi bɪˈgæn tɪ ˈrɛkərd ɔn ə ˈhæmənd fər pəˈsɪfɪk ənd ɔn ən ˈælbəm baɪ kæl, libre*. jɪrz ˈleɪtər, ˈfɪʃər wʊd ˈrɛkərd 1972 wɪʧ ˈʃoʊˌkeɪst hɪz skɪl ɔn ðə ˈjɑmɑˌhɑ ənd klɛr dɪˈklɛrz 1977 wɪʧ wəns əˈgɛn ˈfiʧərd ðə paɪp ˈɔrgən. ˈsɑlsə piˈkɑnteɪ jɪrz ˈɛdət ɪn 1975 ˈæftər tɛn jɪrz əv ənd ɑrˈtɪstɪkli səkˈsɛsfəl jɛt əbˈskjʊr ˈsoʊˌloʊ ˈrɛkərdz, ˈfɪʃər faʊnd ə nu dɪˈrɛkʃɪn. ʤɪst laɪk ˈhænˌkɑk ənd ʧɪk kɔˈriə hi wɑz ə ˌpaɪəˈnɪr ɔn ðə ɪˈlɛktrɪk ˈkiˌbɔrd, ənd ɪn ðət kəˈpæsɪti hi ʤɔɪnd kæl grup. ðə riˈunjən wɪθ geɪv ə nu ˌɪmˈpəls tɪ ˈfɪʃərz ləv əv mˈjuzɪk. hi ˈstɑrtɪd hɪz oʊn grup wɪθ ləˈtinoʊ mjuˈzɪʃənz, "ˈsɑlsə piˈkɑnteɪ", wɪʧ ʃoʊd greɪt ɪn mˈjuzɪkəl staɪlz. ˈleɪtər hi ɪkˈspændɪd tɪ ˌɪnˈklud fɔr ˈvoʊkəlɪsts bɪld ˈsɛpərətli ɛz 2 2 ðə ˈælbəm wən ə ˈgræmi ɪn 1981 ˈæftər ðət hi rɪˈkɔrdɪd ənd ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ˈvɔɪsɪz ənd fri fɔl wɪθ ðə ˈvoʊkəl grup. fri fɔl wɑz ˈnɑməˌneɪtəd ɪn θri ˈkætəˌgɔriz fər ðə ˈgræmi əˈwɔrdz ənd wən ˈəndər ðə ˈkætəˌgɔri əv "bɛst ʤæz ˈælbəm baɪ ə ˈvoʊkəl ˈduoʊ ər grup". ˈkreɪzi bərd wɑz wɪθ ðə ˌɪnstrəˈmɛnəl grup ənd əˈloʊn təˈgɛðər, ə ˈsoʊˌloʊ piˈænə ˈælbəm rɪˈkɔrdɪd ɔn ə ˈhæmbərg ˈstaɪnˌweɪ. ɪt wɑz rɪˈkɔrdɪd fər hɑns geɪɔrg ənd ðə ˈʤərmən ˈkəmpəˌni ˈrɛkərdz. ɪn ðə ˈsɛvəntiz, ˈfɪʃər bɪˈgæn duɪŋ ɔrˈkɛstrəl sˈwitənərz fər grups. hɪz ˈnɛfju, andré*é ˈfɪʃər, wɑz ðə ˈdrəmər əv ðə bænd ˈrufəs, ˈfiʧərɪŋ kɑn. "əˈpɛrəntli ðə ərˈeɪnʤmənts aɪ meɪd fər ðɛr ˈərli ˈrɛkərdz wər əˈpriʃiˌeɪtɪd, fər ɪn ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ jɪrz aɪ wɑz haɪərd ˈɔlˌmoʊst ɪkˈsklusɪvli baɪ blæk əˈməŋ ðə ˈɑrtɪsts ˈfɪʃər wərkt fər ər ðə ˈʤæksənz, ərl klə, swɪʧ, debarge*, ˈʃɑtˌgən (ə leɪt ˈɔfˌʃut əv blæk) ənd əˈtlæntɪk stɑr. hɪz wɔlz ər naʊ ˈkəvərd wɪθ goʊld ənd ˈplætənəm ˈrɛkərdz frəm ðiz rɪˈkɔrdɪŋz, ˈgræmi əˈwɔrd ˌnɑməˈneɪʃənz, ənd ˈsɛvərəl əˈwɔrdz, ˈkəlməˌneɪtɪŋ ɪn ən ɪn 1985 wəns hɪz feɪm ɛz ən ərˈeɪnʤər wɑz ɪˈstæblɪʃt, ˈfɪʃər ˈɔlsoʊ wərkt wɪθ pɑp mjuˈzɪʃənz laɪk pɔl məˈkɑrtni, prɪns, səˈlin diɔn ənd ˈrɑbərt ˈpɑmər. "aɪ æm səˈpraɪzd ðət maɪ ərˈeɪnʤmənts ər naʊ kənˈsɪdərd wən əv ðə priˈrɛkwəzəts fər ə hɪt ˈælbəm. ˈpipəl fil ðət ðeɪ meɪk ə sɔŋ saʊnd ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈklæsɪkəl ˈkɑnsərt ˈɑrtɪst ˈrɪʧərd ˈstoʊltsmən kəˈmɪʃənd ɪm ɪn 1983 tɪ raɪt ə sɪmˈfɑnɪk wərk ˈjuzɪŋ duk ˈɛlɪŋtən ənd ˈbɪli ˈstreɪhərn θimz. ðə rɪˈzəlt, "ðə duk, ənd mi", ən ˈilɛvən ənd ə hæf ˈmɪnət ɔrˈkɛstrəl wərk, wɑz pərˈfɔrmd wɪθ ə ˈsɪmfəni ˈɔrkəstrə ənd ˈstoʊltsmən ɔn ˌklɛrəˈnɛt ɔl əraʊnd ðə ˈleɪtər jɪrz: ʤæz ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃən ənd pɑp ərˈeɪnʤər ˈɛdət sɪns 1982 ˈfɪʃər roʊt ɔrˈkɛstrəl ərˈeɪnʤmənts fər pɑp ˈɑrtɪst prɪns. səm əˈpɪrd ɔn ˈprɪnsɪz ˈælbəmz ənd hæv bɪn juzd fər hɪz ˈmuviz ˈəndər ðə ˈʧɛri mun (ˈfɪʃərz fərst skrin ˈkrɛdɪt), grəˈfiti brɪʤ ənd ɪn spaɪk liz gərl 6 wən əv ˈfɪʃərz prɪns ərˈeɪnʤmənts wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ juzd ɪn ə rɪˈvaɪzd fɔrm fər ðə ˈmuvi ˈbætˌmæn. ˈprɪnsɪz dɪˈsɛmbər 2005 ˈsɪŋgəl "ti ˈɑmoʊ ˈkɔrəˌzoʊn," ə ˈlætən ʤæz træk, ˈfiʧərd strɪŋ ərˈeɪnʤmənts baɪ ˈfɪʃər. mɔr ˈrisəntli, ɛz ə ʤæz ˈɛʤəˌkeɪtər, ˈfɪʃər pərˈfɔrmd ˈsoʊˌloʊ piˈænə ˈkɑnsərts ənd kənˈdəktəd ˈklɪnɪks ənd ˈmæstər ˈklæsɪz ɪn ˌjunəˈvərsətiz ənd mˈjuzɪk kənˈsərvəˌtɔriz ɪn ˈjʊrəp ənd θruaʊt ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ɪn 1995 ʤɪst mi keɪm aʊt, ə ˈkɑnˌkɔrd ʤæz ˈsiˈdi wɪθ ˈfɪʃər ɔn ˈsoʊˌloʊ piˈænə. ˈfiʧərɪŋ hɪz grup ənd sɪks ˈsɪŋərz, naʊ rɪˈfərd tɪ ɛz "klɛr ˈfɪʃər frɛndz", ə mˈjuzɪk ˈsiˈdi wɑz riˈlist ɪn 1997 kɔld rockin*' ɪn ˈrɪðəm. tu ˈgɪftɪd dəʧ ʤæz ˈpiənɪsts, kɔr ˈbækər ənd bərt væn dɛn brɪŋk, rɪˈkɔrdɪd ðə ˈɑməʤ dɪˈklɛrd 1993 wɪʧ kənˈteɪnz naɪn ˈfɪʃər ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃənz. faɪv jɪrz ˈleɪtər rɪˈkɔrdɪŋz meɪd ɪn 1991 ənd 1997 wɪθ ðə ˈnɛðərləndz ˈɔrkəstrə lɛd baɪ rɑb ənd vɪns mɛnˈdoʊzə keɪm aʊt ɛz ðə ˈlætən saɪd. əˈnəðər ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈrisənt ˈsiˈdi wɪθ klɛr ɪz ə əv ɑrt ˈpɛpərz ˈtoʊkiˌoʊ ˈdeɪbju ɔn ˈgæləksi 1995 ˈfɪʃər kənˈtɪnjud tɪ raɪt fər prɪns ənd ˈmɛni ˈəðər rɪˈnaʊnd ˈɑrtɪsts ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈmaɪkəl ˈʤæksən ˌbiˈfɔr hɪz dɛθ, ˈeɪmi grænt, brəˈzɪljən ˈɑrtɪst gɪlˈbɛrˌtoʊ (joão*), ˈpɔlə æbˈdul, ˈnætəli koʊl ənd mɔr ˈrisəntli kɑn ənd ˈbrænfərd ˈmɑrsəlɪs. wɪθ hɪz kəˈmərʃəl wərk ˈfɪʃər ˈfaɪˌnænst ə ˈkɔstli bænd əv tˈwɛnti bræs ˈɪnstrəmənts, kɔld "klɛr ˈfɪʃərz ʤæz kɔrz". ðə rɪˈkɔrdɪŋz əv ðɪs bænd kənˈteɪn ən ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ərˈeɪnʤmənt əv ænˈtoʊnioʊ ˈkɑrloʊs "corcovado*". "ðə dɛθ əv maɪ frɛnd tɑm həz əˈfɛktɪd mi ˈdipli. laɪk mi hi wɑz 68 ənd aɪ æm stɪl əˈlaɪv. ˈæftər hi daɪd aɪ hæd ə drim ɪn wɪʧ aɪ wɑz kənˈdəktɪŋ hɪz'. ˈoʊnli ɪt wɑz nɑt ə ˈnɔrməl ˈvərʒən, ðɛr wər ðiz hɑrˈmɑnɪk ɪn ðə bæs. wɪn aɪ əˈwoʊk aɪ roʊt daʊn wət aɪ hæd drimd. ɪt bɪˈkeɪm ɪn memoriam*, ə pis aɪ kɔld wən əv ˈfɪʃərz læst ˈprɑʤɛkts ɪn hɪz oʊn neɪm wɑz ə rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ wɪθ brəˈzɪljən ˌgɪˈtɑrɪst kɔld "ˌsɪmbaɪˈoʊsəs" wɪʧ həz bɪn riˈlist ɔn ə "klɛr ˈfɪʃər pərˈdəkʃənz" rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ ɛz həz hɪz klɛr ˈfɪʃərz ʤæz kɔrz rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ. ɪn dɪˈsɛmbər 1999 ˈmɪʃɪgən steɪt ˌjunəˈvərsəti skul əv mˈjuzɪk kənˈfərd ən ˈɑnərˌɛri ˈdɑktərət əv faɪn ɑrts dɪˈgri ɔn ˈfɪʃər ɪn ˌrɛkɪgˈnɪʃən əv hɪz "ˌkrieɪˈtɪvəti ənd ˈɛksələns ɛz ə ʤæz kəmˈpoʊzər, ərˈeɪnʤər ənd pərˈfɔrmər". ɔn ɑkˈtoʊbər 22 2009 mænˈhætən skul əv mˈjuzɪks ˈkɑnsərt ʤæz bænd, ˈəndər ðə dɪˈrɛkʃɪn əv ˈʤəstɪn dicoccio*, kəˈmɛmərˌeɪtɪd tu klɛr ˈfɪʃər ˌænəˈvərsəriz boʊθ hɪz ˈbərθˌdeɪ ənd ðə ˌænəˈvərsəri əv ðə riˈlis əv hɪz bɪg bænd ˈɛlˈpi, θəˈsɔrəs wɪθ ə ˈkɑnsərt huz ˈproʊˌgræm kənˈkludɪd wɪθ faɪv kənˈsɛkjətɪv ərˈeɪnʤmənts kəld frəm ðət ˈælbəm. ˈfɪtɪŋli, ðə ˈsikwəns boʊθ bɪˈgæn ənd ˈɛndɪd, məʧ laɪk ðə ˈælbəm ˌɪtˈsɛlf, wɪθ "ðə duk" ənd "ˈəpər mænˈhætən ˈmɛdɪkəl grup," ˈfɪʃərz ˈtrɪbjuts tɪ hɪz twɪn ʤæz ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃənz, duk ˈɛlɪŋtən ənd ˈbɪli strayhorn.[b*] ˈfɪʃər kʊd nɑt əˈtɛnd ðə ˈtrɪbjut; ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈimərʤənsi ɔn ðə flaɪt hoʊm frəm ə ˈfæməli riˈunjən ɪn ˈmɪʃɪgən ðə ˈpriviəs jɪr, ðə ˈfæməli hæd ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðət ɛr ˈtrævəl wɑz "ʤɪst tu dɛθ ˈɛdət ɔn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 8 2012 ˈfɪʃər ˈsəfərd ə ˈkɑrdiˌæk ərˈɛst ɪn lɔs ˈænʤəlɪs, ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə ˈmaɪnər ˈsərʤəri ə fju deɪz ˌbiˈfɔr. hɪz waɪf əv 18 jɪrz, ˈdɑnə, wɑz æt hɪz saɪd ənd pərˈfɔrmd hi rɪˈmeɪnd ɪn ɔn laɪf səˈpɔrt, ənd daɪd ɔn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 26 2012 hi wɑz sərˈvaɪvd baɪ hɪz waɪf; θri ˈʧɪldrən, li, brɛnt ənd tahlia*; ənd tu ˈstɛˈpʧɪldrən, ˈlisə ənd bɪl əˈwɔrdz ənd ˈɛdət ˈgræmi ˈhɪstəri ˈɛdət kərɪr wɪnz: 3 15 kərɪr ˌnɑməˈneɪʃənz: 13 dɪˈskɔgrəfi ˈɛdət si ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɛdət noʊts ˈɛdət məʧ, bət nɑt ɪgˈzæktli, laɪk. ɪn fækt, ˈfɪʃərz daɪˈnæmɪk ənd ərˈeɪnʤmənt əv "ummg*" ɪz ðə ˈælbəmz nɛkst tɪ læst træk, bət wət ˈfɑloʊz ðə ˈsɑmbər "ɪn memoriam*," ˈrɪtən fər ðə ˈfɑlən ˈkɛnədi ˈbrəðərz ɪz soʊ fɑr riˈmuvd frəm ðə rɛst əv ðə ˈælbəm, kənˈteɪnɪŋ ˈniðər pərˈkəʃən nɔr ˌɪmprɑvɪˈzeɪʃən ənd ˈklɑkɪŋ ɪn æt wɛl ˈəndər tu ˈmɪnəts, ðət ɪt pleɪz mɔr laɪk ə ˈpoʊˌskrɪpt ðən pɑrt əv ðə ˈælbəm ˈprɑpər. fɑr ist swit ɪn ðə kɔrs əv ˈteɪkɪŋ daʊn ˈblaɪndˌfoʊld tɛst), "ˈɛniˌθɪŋ hi pleɪz ɪz ə wərk əv ɑrt... aɪ kænt θɪŋk əv ˈɛnibədi aɪ ædˈmaɪr mɔr ðən ðɪs mæn; ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi kʊd ˈivɪn bi kəmˈpɛrd wɪθ ɪm, ɪkˈsɛpt ˈbɪli ɛz ˈfɪʃər hɪmˈsɛlf toʊld ˈlɛnərd ˈfɛðər 42 jɪrz əˈgoʊ ˈərliər (ˈæftər ˈhævɪŋ hərd ə træk frəm ðə kɔrs əv tɛst), "ˈɛniˌθɪŋ hi pleɪz ɪz ə wərk əv ɑrt... aɪ kænt θɪŋk əv ˈɛnibədi aɪ ædˈmaɪr mɔr ðən ðɪs mæn; ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi kʊd ˈivɪn bi kəmˈpɛrd wɪθ ɪm, ɪkˈsɛpt ˈbɪli ˈstreɪhərn." ˈrɛfərənsɪz ˈɛdət ˈfərðər ˈrɛdɪŋ ˈɛdət ˈɑrtɪkəlz ˈɛdət bʊks ˈɛdət ˈfɪʃər, klɛr 1973 hɑrˈmɑnɪk ˈɛksərˌsaɪzɪz fər piˈænə. ˈʃərmən oʊks, ˈsiˈeɪ: gwɪn ˈpəblɪʃɪŋ koʊ. riˈprɪntɪd ɛz: ˈfɪʃər, klɛr 1996 hɑrˈmɑnɪk ˈɛksərˌsaɪzɪz fər piˈænə. rottenburg*, də: ədˈvæns mˈjuzɪk. əˈfɪʃəl saɪt ˈɛdət ˈɑdiˌoʊ ˈɛdət ˈvɪdioʊ ˈɛdət

douglas clare fischer (october 22, 1928 – january 26, 2012)[1] was an american keyboardist, composer, arranger, and bandleader. after graduating from michigan state university (from which, five decades later, he would receive an honorary doctorate), he became the pianist and arranger for the vocal group the hi-lo's in the late 1950s. fischer went on to work with donald byrd and dizzy gillespie, and became known for his latin and bossa nova recordings in the 1960s. he composed the latin jazz standard "morning", and the jazz standard "pensativa". consistently cited by jazz pianist and composer herbie hancock as a major influence ("i wouldn't be me without clare fischer"[3]), he was nominated for eleven grammy awards during his lifetime, winning for his landmark album, 2+2 (1981), the first of fischer's records to incorporate the vocal ensemble writing developed during his hi-lo's days into his already sizable latin jazz discography; it was also the first recorded installment in fischer's three-decade-long collaboration with his son brent. fischer was also a posthumous grammy winner for ¡ritmo! (2012) and for music for strings, percussion and the rest (2013). beginning in the early 1970s, fischer embarked on a parallel (and far more lucrative) career, eventually becoming a much sought-after arranger, providing orchestral "sweeteners" for pop and r&b artists such as rufus (with chaka khan), prince (a regular client from 1984 onwards, and by far fischer's most frequent in pop music), robert palmer, paul mccartney, michael jackson, celine dion, and many others. early life and education [ edit ] fischer was the third of four children born to cecil and louella (roussin) fischer of durand, michigan.[1][4] his parents were of german, french, irish-scot, and english backgrounds. in grade school he started his general music study with violin and piano as his first instruments. at the age of 7 he began to pick out four-part harmony on the piano. after two years of piano lessons the family moved to grand rapids, michigan, where fischer began composing classical music and making instrumental arrangements for dance bands. at south high school he took up cello, clarinet, and saxophone. his high school instructor, glenn litton, took an interest in the boy and, because the family could not afford it, gave him free lessons in music theory, harmony, and orchestration. fischer returned the favor by orchestrating and copying music for him. whenever the concert band needed an instrument, fischer would be supplied with it and the fingering chart to play it in concert. this gave him a personal training in orchestration that was invaluable. fischer started his own band at 15, for which he wrote all the arrangements.[2] after graduating in 1946, he began undergraduate studies in 1947 at michigan state university, majoring in music composition and theory, and studying with h. owen reed. during his teens there were no funds for him to study piano, so he was mostly self-taught. therefore his major instrument in college was cello, and piano a minor. later he changed his major to piano and minor in clarinet. fischer's roommates at the michigan state university were latin americans, as were the majority of his friends outside the music department. he was introduced to the music of tito puente, tito rodriguez, machito and others. through his friends he became interested in the spanish language and took it as a minor on his masters degree. fischer's passion for music was always matched by his love of languages. the average person has about a fifteen percent understanding of a foreign language. he knows what language it is and is familiar with one or two words. with music it is not different. most people only hear the lyrics to a song or feel the beat. i have always made music for good listeners, with 65 to eighty percent of musical understanding. that is why with my vocal sextet all pieces are sung in the original language, whether that is german, spanish or japanese.[5] fischer graduated in 1951 with a b.m., cum laude, and began his first year of graduate work in composition. the u.s. army drafted him the next year, sending him to fort leonard wood, missouri, for basic training. there he played alto saxophone in the band and ended his service as an arranger at the u.s. military academy band at west point, n.y. after the army, fischer returned to michigan state. in 1955 he received his master of music. initial employment [ edit ] fischer next lived in detroit, michigan, whereupon, after first hearing the vocal quartet the hi-lo's in a live performance, he promptly offered his services. over the next five years, fischer recorded several albums with the group, serving as pianist and, on occasion, arranger. in addition, he contributed several vocal arrangements, making his debut in that capacity; it was these arrangements that herbie hancock would later point to as a major influence: [t]hat's when i really learned some much farther-out voicings - like the harmonies i used on speak like a child - just being able to do that. i really got that from clare fischer's arrangements for the hi-lo's. clare fischer was a major influence on my harmonic concept...[6] i heard some of his last records, and he was still doing amazing harmonic stuff. and, of course, he was a wonderful pianist, too. but it was those vocal harmonies that were the first thing i heard. i was in awe of him.[3] when fischer moved to hollywood in 1958, he went to east l.a. to play and learn more about latin-jazz. he started in a charanga group with modesto duran as leader and played with many different groups. on november 2, 1959, he made a particularly fruitful connection within this genre when he appeared with the hi-lo's at the first annual los angeles jazz festival on the same bill with the already popular latin jazz group led by vibraphonist cal tjader. both his playing and arranging made an immediate impression on tjader,[7] who went on to employ fischer in both capacities on several recordings over the next three years; the two would reunite in the mid-seventies, leading eventually to the formation of fischer's own latin jazz unit, salsa picante. in 1961, fischer became interested in brazilian music through the recordings of elizete cardoso and joao gilberto. this discovery, coupled with his introduction to the music of mexican composer mario ruiz armengol, led to fischer's subsequent collaboration with cal tjader, a 1962 lp devoted jointly to armengol's music and that of assorted contemporary brazilian composers.[8] over the following year, fischer collaborated on two bossa nova-themed lps with saxophonist bud shank, and arranged another for pianist george shearing. while with the hi-lo's, fischer arranged a record by trumpeter donald byrd, which, by virtue of fischer's use of strings and harps, imbued well-known standards with an unaccustomed, melancholic quality. although it would be twenty-five years before the album was finally released, september afternoon paid immediate dividends when byrd played a copy for dizzy gillespie. in turn, gillespie hired fischer to write arrangements for a small ensemble featuring brass and woodwinds for his own album, a portrait of duke ellington, which was well received. in 1960 albums for vibraphonist cal tjader and pianist george shearing followed, as did an eight-year career of writing music for commercials, as well as the signing of fischer's first record contract. early career as a leader [ edit ] the first recording under his own name began in 1962 for pacific jazz records: first time out, surging ahead, manteca! and extension, plus recordings with bud shank and joe pass. these early records are meticulous studies in jazz, bossa nova and mambo, with the harmonic depth of bach, shostakovich and stravinsky. they were well received by the critics, but commercially not very successful. fischer presented himself both as pianist and arranger and composed his most famous pieces, "pensativa" and "morning". his many talents, however, proved a disadvantage. whenever i played with a trio, people said: "fischer owes a lot to bill evans." who i had never heard playing. my big musical example at the time was lee konitz. and when i orchestrated a record it was gil evans, the arranger, that i copied. i called this my "evans brothers syndrome".[5] arrangements for sérgio mendes, willy ruff and others followed. in the sixties fischer began playing the organ again, having studied the pipe organ at sixteen. he began to record on a hammond b-3 for pacific and on an album by cal tjader, soña libre. years later, fischer would record t'daaa (1972) which showcased his skill on the yamaha ex-42 and clare declares (1977) which once again featured the pipe organ. salsa picante years [ edit ] in 1975, after ten years of studiowork and artistically successful yet obscure solo records, fischer found a new direction. just like hancock and chick corea he was a pioneer on the electric keyboard, and in that capacity he joined vibraphonist cal tjader's group. the reunion with tjader gave a new impulse to fischer's love of latin-american music. he started his own group with latino musicians, "salsa picante", which showed great eclecticism in musical styles. later he expanded to include four vocalists billed separately as "2 + 2". the album 2+2 won a grammy in 1981. after that he recorded and sometimes voices and free fall with the vocal group. free fall was nominated in three categories for the grammy awards and won under the category of "best jazz album by a vocal duo or group". crazy bird was with the instrumental group and alone together, a solo piano album recorded on a hamburg steinway. it was recorded for hans georg brunner-schwer and the german company mps records. in the seventies, fischer began doing orchestral sweeteners for r&b groups. his nephew, andré fischer, was the drummer of the band rufus, featuring chaka khan. "apparently the arrangements i made for their early records were appreciated, for in the following years i was hired almost exclusively by black artists."[5] among the artists fischer worked for are the jacksons, earl klugh, switch, debarge, shotgun (a late 70s offshoot of 24-carat black) and atlantic starr. his walls are now covered with gold and platinum records from these recordings, grammy award nominations, and several naras mvp awards, culminating in an mvp-emeritus in 1985. once his fame as an arranger was established, fischer also worked with pop musicians like paul mccartney, prince, celine dion and robert palmer. "i am surprised that my arrangements are now considered one of the prerequisites for a hit album. people feel that they make a song sound almost classical."[5] classical concert artist richard stoltzman commissioned him in 1983 to write a symphonic work using duke ellington and billy strayhorn themes. the result, "the duke, swee'pea and me", an eleven and a half minute orchestral work, was performed with a symphony orchestra and stoltzman on clarinet all around the world.[9] later years: jazz inspiration and pop arranger [ edit ] since 1982 fischer wrote orchestral arrangements for pop artist prince. some appeared on prince's albums and have been used for his movies under the cherry moon (fischer's first screen credit), graffiti bridge and in spike lee's girl 6. one of fischer's prince arrangements was also used in a revised form for the movie batman. prince's december 2005 single "te amo corazon," a mid-tempo latin jazz track, featured string arrangements by fischer. more recently, as a jazz educator, fischer performed solo piano concerts and conducted clinics and master classes in universities and music conservatories in europe and throughout the united states. in 1995 just me came out, a concord jazz cd with fischer on solo piano. featuring his latin-jazz group and six singers, now referred to as "clare fischer & friends", a jvc music cd was released in 1997 called rockin' in rhythm. two gifted dutch jazz pianists, cor bakker and bert van den brink, recorded the homage declared (1993) which contains nine fischer compositions. five years later recordings made in 1991 and 1997 with the netherlands metropole orchestra led by rob pronk and vince mendoza came out as the latin side. another notable recent cd with clare is a re-issue of art pepper's tokyo debut on galaxy (1995). fischer continued to write for prince and many other renowned artists including michael jackson before his death, amy grant, brazilian artist joão gilberto (joão), paula abdul, natalie cole and more recently chaka khan and branford marsalis. with his commercial work fischer financed a costly band of twenty brass instruments, called "clare fischer's jazz corps". the recordings of this band contain an interesting arrangement of antonio carlos jobim's "corcovado". "the death of my friend tom jobim has affected me deeply. like me he was 68, and i am still alive. after he died i had a dream in which i was conducting his 'corcovado'. only it was not a normal version, there were these harmonic countermelodies in the bass. when i awoke i wrote down what i had dreamed. it became jobim's in memoriam, a piece i called 'corcovado fúnebre.'"[5] one of fischer's last projects in his own name was a recording with brazilian guitarist hélio delmiro called "symbiosis" which has been released on a "clare fischer productions" recording as has his clare fischer's jazz corps recording. in december 1999, michigan state university school of music conferred an honorary doctorate of fine arts degree on fischer in recognition of his "creativity and excellence as a jazz composer, arranger and performer". on october 22, 2009, manhattan school of music's concert jazz band, under the direction of justin dicoccio, commemorated two clare fischer anniversaries - both his 81st birthday and the 40th anniversary of the release of his well-regarded big band lp, thesaurus - with a concert whose program concluded with five consecutive arrangements culled from that album. fittingly, the five-tune sequence both began and ended, much like the album itself, with "the duke" and "upper manhattan medical group," respectively,[a][10] fischer's tributes to his twin jazz inspirations, duke ellington and billy strayhorn.[b] fischer could not attend the tribute; following a medical emergency on the flight home from a family reunion in michigan the previous year, the family had decided that air travel was "just too stressful."[12] death [ edit ] on january 8, 2012, fischer suffered a cardiac arrest in los angeles, following a minor surgery a few days before. his wife of 18 years, donna, was at his side and performed cpr.[13] he remained in icu on life support, and died on january 26, 2012. he was survived by his wife; three children, lee, brent and tahlia; and two stepchildren, lisa and bill bachman.[14] awards and recognitions [ edit ] grammy history [ edit ] career wins: 3 [15] career nominations: 13 discography [ edit ] see also [ edit ] notes [ edit ] ^ much, but not exactly, like. in fact, fischer's dynamic and uptempo arrangement of strayhorn's "ummg" is the album's next to last track, but what follows – the somber "in memoriam," written for the fallen kennedy brothers – is so far removed from the rest of the album, containing neither percussion nor improvisation and clocking in at well under two minutes, that it plays more like a postscript than part of the album proper. ^ far east suite in the course of taking down beat's blindfold test), "anything he plays is a work of art... i can't think of anybody i admire more than this man; nobody could even be compared with him, except billy strayhorn."[11] as fischer himself told leonard feather 42 years ago earlier (after having heard a track from ellington'sin the course of takingblindfold test), "anything he plays is a work of art... i can't think of anybody i admire more than this man; nobody could even be compared with him, except billy strayhorn." references [ edit ] further reading [ edit ] articles [ edit ] books [ edit ] fischer, clare (1973). harmonic exercises for piano. sherman oaks, ca: gwyn publishing co. reprinted as: fischer, clare (1996). harmonic exercises for piano. rottenburg, de: advance music. asin b008ohvru8. official site [ edit ] audio [ edit ] video [ edit ]

ˈtərki: mæs ˈproʊˌtɛsts kənˈtɪnju ɪn ˌɪstɑnˈbul, dɪˈfaɪɪŋ ˈɔrdər ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd tɛnz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈproʊˌtɛstərz hæv ˈflədɪd bæk tɪ ˌɪstɑnˈbul ɪn ə ˈkɔrəs əv ˈæŋgri ʧænts ənd ə ʃaʊər əv rɛd flɛrz, ˈʧælənʤɪŋ ə dɪˈmænd frəm ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər tɪ dɪˈspərs. ðə ˈproʊˌtɛstərz ɪn skwɛr ər ən ɪˈklɛktɪk mɪks əv ˈsɛkjələrɪsts, ˈlɪˌbərəlz, ˈsoʊʃəlɪsts, ˈkɑmjənəsts ənd ˈænərˌkɪsts, ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪŋ kənˈsərn əˈbaʊt pəˈlis ˈvaɪələns ənd ˌdɪsəˈfɛkʃən wɪθ ðə ˈrulɪŋ ˈʤəstɪs ənd dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈpɑrti (akp*). fænz frəm ðə ˈsɪtiz θri ˈbɪgəst ˈsɑkər kləbz ˈɔlsoʊ juˈnaɪtɪd tɪ dɪˈnaʊns ðə ˈgəvərnmənt, ˈʃaʊtɪŋ ðət ðeɪ stænd "ɑrm ɪn ɑrm əˈgɛnst ˈfæˌʃɪzəm". "aɪ hæv ˈnɛvər ɪkˈspɪriənst ðɪs ˈfrɛndʃɪp, ðɪs ˌsɑləˈdɛrəti əˈməŋ tərks ˌbiˈfɔr," sɛd səˈpɔrtər ozmen*. "wi hæv tɪ kip ˈkəmɪŋ, wi kænt gɪv əp bɪˈkəz ˈhæzənt kwɪt jɛt," ðə ˈlɔjər ˈædɪd. ˈproʊˌtɛstərz sɛt ɔf rɛd flɛrz tɪ laʊd ʧɪrz frəm ðə kraʊd ðət pækt aʊt ðə ɪnˈtaɪər skwɛr. ðə rɪˈnud ˌdɛmənˈstreɪʃən kəmz ˈæftər ðə praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər kɔld fər ðɛm tɪ stɑp. moʊst əbˈzərvərz seɪ ðə kraʊd ɪz fɑr tu bɪg teɪk ɔn, bət ˈpɑrti ˈspoʊksmən sɛd ðə ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən wɑz ɪn hænd. "ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪz ˈəndər ðə kənˈtroʊl əv ðə ˈgəvərnmənt, ənd ɪz bɪˈkəmɪŋ ənd ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli ɪn laɪn wɪθ ˈkɑmən sɛns," sɛd ˈmɪstər. hi ˈɔlsoʊ dɪsˈmɪst ˈɛni tɔk əv ˈkɔlɪŋ ˈərli ɪˈlɛkʃənz tɪ riˈzɑlv ðə ˈkraɪsəs. "ju doʊnt ˌdɪˈsaɪd ɔn ˈərli ɪˈlɛkʃənz bɪˈkəz ˈpipəl ər ˈmɑrʧɪŋ ɔn ðə strits," hi sɛd. ˈmɪstər erdoagn*, hu həz wən ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ səˈpɔrt æt səkˈsɛsɪv ɪˈlɛkʃənz, sɛd ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ɪz ˈrənɪŋ laɪk ˈklɑkˌwərk. ənˈrɛst ˈɛnərz ˈsɛkənd wik ðə ənˈrɛst ˈstɑrtɪd læst ˈwiˌkɪnd ˈæftər pəˈlis krækt daʊn ˈhɛvəli ɔn ə smɔl ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl ˌdɛmənˈstreɪʃən tɪ seɪv pɑrk frəm ˌdɛməˈlɪʃən. ɪn ðə ˈkæpɪtəl ˈæŋkərə, ˈhənərdz əv raɪət pəˈlis juzd tɪr gæs ənd ˈwɔtər ˈkænən tɪ dɪˈspərs səm ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtərz frəm ðə ˈsɛntrəl skwɛr. ðə pəˈlis pərˈsud ðə ˈproʊˌtɛstərz hu tʊk ˈrɛfjuʤ ɪn saɪd strits ɔf ðə skwɛr, wɪʧ ɪz ðə nərv ˈsɛntər əv ðə ˈtərkɪʃ ˈkæpɪtəl. ˈsɛvərəl ˈpipəl wər ˈɪnʤərd, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈloʊkəl ˈmidiə rɪˈpɔrts. ˈmɪstər həz feɪst ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˌkɑndəmˈneɪʃən fər hɪz ˈhændəlɪŋ əv ðə ˈproʊˌtɛsts. ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈjunjən həz kɔld fər ə "swɪft" proʊb ˈɪntu pəˈlis ˈvaɪələns ɪn ðə ˈklæʃɪz. bət ˈmɪstər hɪt bæk ənd sɛd ˈpipəl ɪn ˈsɪmələr ˈproʊˌtɛsts ɪn ˈəðər ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈkəntriz wʊd "feɪs ə ˈhɑrʃər rɪˈspɑns". ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈdɑktərz' ˈjunjən sɪz ðə ˈsɪvəl ənˈrɛst həz lɛft tu ˈproʊˌtɛstərz ənd ə pəˈlismən dɛd waɪl ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈpipəl hæv bɪn ˈɪnʤərd əˈkrɔs ˈtərki. ˈtɑpɪks: unrest-conflict-and-war*, activism-and-lobbying*, religion-and-beliefs*, government-and-politics*, ˈtərki fərst ˈpoʊstɪd

turkey: mass protests continue in istanbul, defying erdogan's order updated tens of thousands of protesters have flooded back to istanbul in a chorus of angry chants and a shower of red flares, challenging a demand from the prime minister to disperse. the protesters in takism square are an eclectic mix of secularists, liberals, socialists, communists and anarchists, representing broad-based concern about police violence and disaffection with the ruling justice and development party (akp). fans from the city's three biggest soccer clubs also united to denounce the government, shouting that they stand "arm in arm against fascism". "i have never experienced this friendship, this solidarity among turks before," said fenerbahce supporter rustu ozmen. "we have to keep coming, we can't give up because erdogan hasn't quit yet," the 29-year-old lawyer added. protesters set off red flares to loud cheers from the crowd that packed out the entire square. the renewed demonstration comes after the prime minister recep tayyip erdogan called for them to stop. most observers say the crowd is far too big take on, but akp party spokesman huseyin celik said the situation was in hand. "the process is under the control of the government, and is becoming normalised and increasingly in line with common sense," said mr celik. he also dismissed any talk of calling early elections to resolve the crisis. "you don't decide on early elections because people are marching on the streets," he said. mr erdoagn, who has won overwhelming support at successive elections, said the government is running like clockwork. unrest enters second week the unrest started last weekend after police cracked down heavily on a small environmental demonstration to save gezi park from demolition. in the capital ankara, hundreds of riot police used tear gas and water cannon to disperse some 5,000 demonstrators from the central kizilay square. the police pursued the protesters who took refuge in side streets off the square, which is the nerve centre of the turkish capital. several people were injured, according to local media reports. mr erdogan has faced international condemnation for his handling of the protests. the european union has called for a "swift" probe into police violence in the clashes. but mr erdogan hit back and said people in similar protests in other european countries would "face a harsher response". the national doctors' union says the civil unrest has left two protesters and a policeman dead while almost 4,800 people have been injured across turkey. abc/afp topics: unrest-conflict-and-war, activism-and-lobbying, religion-and-beliefs, government-and-politics, turkey first posted

ðə ˈsənˌdi ˈbrifɪŋ: skɑt ˈklɛmənts wɪnz ˈɔnˌlaɪn waɪl pleɪɪŋ lɪv ˈtʊrnəmənt noʊˈvɛmbər 04 2013 brɛt skɑt ˈklɛmənts tʊk ðə tərm "multi-tabling*" tɪ əˈnəðər ˈlɛvəl ɔn ˈsənˌdi. ðə wərld ˈsɪriz əv ˈpoʊkər (wsop*) ˈbreɪslət ˈwɪnər pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪd ɪn ə fʊl sleɪt əv ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈtərnəmənts ɔn hɪz ˈaɪˌpæd waɪl hi wɑz pleɪɪŋ deɪ əv ðə ˈsərkət meɪn ɪˈvɛnt ɪn vænˈkuvər. ənd ˌɔlˈðoʊ hi ˈbəstɪd ɪn hɪz lɪv ˈtʊrnəmənt, hi ˈmænɪʤd tɪ bʊk mɔr ðən ɪn ˈərnɪŋz ɔn ðə ˈvərʧuəl fɛlt. ˈklɛmənts tʊk daʊn ðə ˈhɑtər 55 ənd ðə ˈsənˌdi 500 ɔn noʊv. 3 duɪŋ soʊ waɪl ˈsitɪd æt ə ˈpoʊkər ˈteɪbəl ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðə ˈrɪvər rɑk kəˈsinoʊ ənd rɪˈzɔrt ɪn vænˈkuvər. ðoʊz ˈvɪktəriz brɔt hɪz ˈtoʊtəl tɪ θri fər ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd; hi ˈɔlsoʊ wən ə 100 æt ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ waɪl pleɪɪŋ ə ˈoʊməˌhɑ ɪˈvɛnt æt ˈrɪvər rɑk æt ðə seɪm taɪm! ˈbəstɪd deɪ əv ˈsərkət meɪn bət ɔl nɑt lɔst. ʃɪpt ɪn ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈtərni æt seɪm taɪm. skɑt ˈklɛmənts (@bigriskky*) ɪn ˈəðər ˈtʊrnəmənt nuz ˈoʊvər ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd, hɛld ə ˈmæsɪv 55 rɛd speɪd ˈoʊpən ɪˈvɛnt wɪʧ əˈtræktəd mɔr ðən pleɪərz, ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪŋ ə praɪz pul əv ðə ˈwɪnər əv ðət ˈtʊrnəmənt wɑz ˈpoʊləndz "bartaspl*" fər bət ðə ˈbɪgəst ˈərnər wɑz "agrobot_388z*" hu kəˈlɛktəd ˈæftər ə dil æt ðə ˈfaɪnəl ˈteɪbəl. ɪn nəˈvɑdə, ðə ˌɪˈnɔgərəl ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps keɪm tɪ ə kloʊz wɪθ ðə kənˈkluʒən əv ðə 215 meɪn ɪˈvɛnt. ðə ˈtʊrnəmənt əˈtræktəd 466 pleɪərz ənd, ˈæftər wɑz ˈædɪd tɪ ðə praɪz pul baɪ ðə, ə ˈtoʊtəl əv wɑz əp fər græbz. ðə əˈvɛnʧuəl ˈwɪnər wɑz hu tʊk hoʊm ðə ˈlɑrʤəst praɪz əˈwɔrdɪd ɪn nəˈvɑdə sɪns ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈpoʊkər wɑz ˈligəˌlaɪzd ðɪs jɪr. hɪrz ə lʊk æt ðə rɪˈzəlts frəm ðɪs wiks ˈsənˌdi ˈmeɪʤərz ɔn, fʊl tɪlt ˈpoʊkər, ənd: 55 rɛd speɪd ˈoʊpən ˌgɛrənˈtid) ˈɛntrənts praɪz pul pleɪs pleɪər praɪz 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 *dɪˈnoʊts dil ˈsənˌdi ˈmɪljən ˌgɛrənˈtid) ˈɛntrənts praɪz pul pleɪs pleɪər praɪz 1 2 3 ɛl 4 5 6 7 8 9 ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈfɪnɪʃɪz: stiv "betrthanphil*" trɪp stəvˈroʊz "idolls*" ˈsənˌdi ˌgɛrənˈtid) ˈɛntrənts praɪz pul pleɪs pleɪər praɪz 1 ʤɑn "lufcbas*" spɪŋks 2 3 4 5 sæm "kingkobemvp*" staɪn 6 7 waɪ 8 9 ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈfɪnɪʃɪz: vəˈnɛsə "ladymaverick*" ˈdeɪvɪd "betudontbet*" ˈɛmənz fʊl tɪlt ˌgɛrənˈti ˌgɛrənˈtid) ˈɛntrənts praɪz pul pleɪs pleɪər praɪz 1 noʊ nɑt ˈbækstər 2 3 4 5 sˈlɑvə 6 ˈɑndrəs ˈneɪmɪθ 7 8 9 *dɪˈnoʊts ˈhɛdˌzəp dil ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈfɪnɪʃɪz: səˈbæsʧən sɪˈkɔrski fʊl tɪlt ˈsənˌdi brɔl ˌgɛrənˈtid) ˈɛntrənts praɪz pul pleɪs pleɪər praɪz 1 oʊ ʃɑrk ˈitər oʊ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈfɪnɪʃɪz: ˈrɑnəld "ronaldgrauer*" gruər ˈsənˌdi 500 ˌgɛrənˈtid) ˈɛntrənts praɪz pul 831 pleɪs pleɪər praɪz 1 skɑt "bigriskky*" ˈklɛmənts 2 3 4 5 nɪk ˈmeɪˌmoʊn 6 7 8 9 ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈfɪnɪʃɪz: ʤoʊəl ˈdɑni stərn ˈkɛvɪn "imalucsack*" məkˈfi gɪt ɪn ɔn ðə ˈsənˌdi ˈmeɪʤərz ˈækʃən ˈjɔrsɛlf baɪ ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ, fʊl tɪlt ˈpoʊkər ənd partypoker*. 109 ˈsənˌdi ˌgɛrənˈtid) ˈɛntrənts praɪz pul pleɪs pleɪər praɪz 1 2 ˌælɪgˈzændər ˈdɛbɪs 3 mæt "seymouraces*" ˈhili 4 5 6 7 8 9 ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈfɪnɪʃɪz: ˈrændi stiv "stevol*_" ˈlɛnərd ˈbɪgər 162 ˌgɛrənˈtid) ˈɛntrənts praɪz pul pleɪs pleɪər praɪz 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 *dɪˈnoʊts dil ˈsənˌdi ʧæns ˌgɛrənˈtid) ˈɛntrənts praɪz pul pleɪs pleɪər praɪz 1 2 bɛn ˈwɔrɪŋtən 3 4 ˈɑnˌdreɪ "aakkari*" 5 "g.karolis*" 6 waɪt 7 8 9 *dɪˈnoʊts dil ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈfɪnɪʃɪz: ˌrɑˈvi ˈʤeɪsən "jadedjason*" ʤeɪmz ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪps meɪn ɪˈvɛnt ˈædɪd) ˈɛntrənts praɪz pul 466 pleɪs pleɪər praɪz 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ˈnoʊtəbəl ˈfɪnɪʃɪz: ˈdɑni "ˈbræskoʊ" ˈpitərz fər nuz, ˈəpˌdeɪts, ənd mɔr ˈfɑloʊ ɔn tˈwɪtər ənd ˈfeɪsˌbʊk.

the sunday briefing: scott clements wins $100,000 online while playing live tournament november 04, 2013 brett collson scott clements took the term "multi-tabling" to another level on sunday. the two-time world series of poker (wsop) bracelet winner participated in a full slate of online tournaments on his ipad while he was playing day 1b of the wsop circuit main event in vancouver. and although he busted in his live tournament, he managed to book more than $100,000 in earnings on the virtual felt. clements took down the pokerstars hotter $55 ($26,345) and the pokerstars sunday 500 ($74,790) on nov. 3, doing so while seated at a poker table inside the river rock casino and resort in vancouver. those victories brought his total to three for the weekend; he also won a $100 rebuy at pokerstars on saturday while playing a pot-limit omaha event at river rock at the same time! busted day 1b of @wsop circuit main @riverrockpoker , but all not lost. shipped 26k in online tourney at same time. #ohhcanada — scott clements (@bigriskky) in other tournament news over the weekend, pokerstars held a massive $55 red spade open event which attracted more than 32,500 players, generating a prize pool of $1,627,900. the winner of that tournament was poland's "bartaspl" for $163,933, but the biggest earner was "agrobot_388z" who collected $225,689 after a five-way deal at the final table. in nevada, the inaugural wsop.com online championships came to a close with the conclusion of the $215 main event. the tournament attracted 466 players and, after $75,000 was added to the prize pool by the wsop, a total of $168,000 was up for grabs. the eventual winner was "immervinn20" who took home $41,000 — the largest prize awarded in nevada since online poker was legalized this year. here's a look at the results from this week's sunday majors on pokerstars, full tilt poker, and wsop.com: pokerstars $55 red spade open ($1m guaranteed) buy-in entrants prize pool $50+5 32,558 $1,627,900 place player prize 1 bartaspl $163,933* 2 agrobot_388z $225,689* 3 stathos $125,311* 4 loo2er_13 $103,215* 5 pittonnn666 $90,000* 6 tupacmn $40,697 7 vetaly25 $30,930 8 czartza $22,790 9 radazatl $16,279 *denotes five-handed deal pokerstars sunday million ($1m guaranteed) buy-in entrants prize pool $200+15 7,972 $1,594,400 place player prize 1 martyyy $239,164 2 bubbleboybr $175,384 3 el diegote10 $119,580 4 velni@z $80,357 5 dimjyri $63,776 6 loysh $47,832 7 dwnbydabrdge $31,888 8 przem77 $18,335 9 smily1208 $12,356 notable finishes: steve "betrthanphil" tripp (17th - $4,225), stavros "idolls" kalfas (65th - $2,232) pokerstars sunday warm-up ($500k guaranteed) buy-in entrants prize pool $200+15 3,678 $735,600 place player prize 1 jon "lufcbas" spinks $115,490 2 vossilman $85,065 3 tollefishy $60,687 4 p0kerduude $42,297 5 sam "kingkobemvp" stein $31,263 6 seymouraces 23,907 7 anyo why $16,551 8 richierichzh $9,195 9 ado06 $5,884 notable finishes: vanessa "ladymaverick" rousso (10th - $4,413), david "betudontbet" emmons (14th - $3,310) full tilt $250k guarantee ($250k guaranteed) buy-in entrants prize pool $200+15 1,519 $303,800 place player prize 1 no not baxter $53,120* 2 walter1952 $48,044* 3 toni_bg73 $28,661 4 roverice $21,569 5 slava igin $16,101 6 andras nemeth $11,848 7 silviothelegend $8,810 8 royal4774 $6,379 9 cm3on5th $4,626 *denotes heads-up deal notable finishes: sebastian "p00cket00" sikorski (10th - $3,038) full tilt sunday brawl ($200k guaranteed) buy-in entrants prize pool $240+15 1,311 $262,200 place player prize 1 o shark eater o $52,440 2 baden1 $34,925 3 pimenta7 $24,909 4 wsgordonstr $18,616 5 mezzias $13,896 6 mrkrabbs $10,225 7 scrillagorilla $7,603 8 stato_1 $5,506 9 doughmasterz $3,933 notable finishes: ronald "ronaldgrauer" grauer (13th - $1,992) pokerstars sunday 500 ($300k guaranteed) buy-in entrants prize pool $500+30 831 $415,500 place player prize 1 scott "bigriskky" clements $74,790 2 pokersavage1 $54,015 3 ramiro_ak $40,303 4 shongalolo $30,123 5 nick "fu_15" maimone $20,941 6 hunter_az533 $16,620 7 icujoke $12,465 8 ravipokerg $8,310 9 patsfanobv $4,986 notable finishes: joel "odonkor1" nordkvist (11th - $4,155), dani "supernova9" stern (14th - $3,324), kevin "imalucsack" macphee (29th - $1,662) get in on the sunday majors action yourself by visiting pokerstars, full tilt poker and partypoker. pokerstars $109 sunday rebuy ($225k guaranteed) buy-in entrants prize pool $100+9 1,133 $354,900 place player prize 1 alemeo1073 $65,301 2 alexander "schildy1984" debus $47,379 3 matt "seymouraces" healey $35,490 4 thegr8str8 $26,617 5 facestealer $18,632 6 samuelbt $15,083 7 t3g3s $11,534 8 pureonyx $7,985 9 rasmuseabass $4,968 notable finishes: randy "rh300487" hereman (17th - $2,200), steve "stevol_" leonard (23rd - $1,527) pokerstars bigger $162 ($150k guaranteed) buy-in entrants prize pool $150+12 1,898 $284,700 place player prize 1 fviana $36,698* 2 milanissimo8 $33,759* 3 dybydx $34,880* 4 nathpk $18,719 5 taki1313 $13,523 6 turko_man $10,533 7 lap1293 $7,686 8 hopezace $4,982 9 mariust $2,847 *denotes three-handed deal pokerstars sunday 2nd chance ($175k guaranteed) buy-in entrants prize pool $200+15 1,386 $277,200 place player prize 1 valuelol $39,011* 2 ben "kidcardiff6" warrington $34,674* 3 dberglin $34,393* 4 andre "aakkari" akkari $18,849 5 karolis "g.karolis" grybauskas $13,721 6 white rabbito $10,949 7 andreasbar $8,177 8 sytraxx $5,405 9 drjovaside $2,993 *denotes three-handed deal notable finishes: ravi "govshark2" raghavan (26th - $1,108), jason "jadedjason" james (27th - $1,108) wsop.com online championships main event ($75k added) buy-in entrants prize pool $200+15 466 $168,000 place player prize 1 l4mmervinn20 $41,209 2 justwinbaby $23,127 3 missleah $14,128 4 bk1048 $10,764 5 mrsryanwelch $9,082 6 kurtjewell $7,400 7 half_full85 $5,550 8 spartan25 $3,700 9 goo_sprayer $2,438 notable finishes: donnie "brasco" peters (11th - $1,850) for news, updates, and more follow pokernews on twitter and facebook.

haɪ kɔrt tərnd daʊn rɪkˈwɛst frəm əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl tɪ hɔlt ˌseɪmˈsɛks ˈmɛrɪʤ ˈlaɪsənsɪz. ˈændriə stɑk, lɛft, ənd əv jacksonport*, ɑrk., læf təˈgɛðər ɛz ðeɪ ər ˈmɛrid meɪ 12 2014 baɪ ʤoʊi koʊl, ˈsɛnər, ɪn ðə roʊˈtəndə əv ðə pjuˈlæˌski ˈkaʊnti ˈkɔrˌthaʊs ɪn ˈlɪtəl rɑk, ɑrk. ˈstivən bi. ˈθɔrntən, ˌeɪˈpi) ˈlɪtəl rɑk, ɑrk. ðə ˈɑrkənˌsɑ səˈprim kɔrt rɪˈʤɛktɪd ðə steɪt əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəlz rɪkˈwɛst ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ fər ə steɪ əv ə ˈʤəʤɪz ˈrulɪŋ ðət ˈoʊvərˌtərnd ˈɑrkənˌsɑ' ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl bæn ɔn geɪ ˈmɛrɪʤ. ðə haɪ kɔrt tərnd daʊn ðə rɪkˈwɛst frəm əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl ˈdəstɪn məkˈdænjəl ðət wʊd hæv ˈhɔltɪd ðə ˈɪʃuəns əv ˌseɪmˈsɛks ˈmɛrɪʤ ˈlaɪsənsɪz. ˈɛkspərts seɪ, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɪt wɑz fɑr frəm ə ˈfaɪnəl ˈrulɪŋ. pjuˈlæˌski ˈkaʊnti ˈsərkət ʤəʤ krɪs piˈæzə hæd ruld læst wik ðət ə geɪ ˈmɛrɪʤ bæn wɑz ˌənˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl bət ˈdɪdənt ˈɪʃu ə steɪ. ə fju ˈkaʊntiz bɪˈgæn ˈɪʃuɪŋ ˈmɛrɪʤ ˈlaɪsənsɪz, ənd baɪ ˈmɪdˌwik əˈbaʊt 450 ˈkəpəlz hæd ˈgɔtən ðɛm. mɔr: ʤəʤ ˈnɪksɪz ˈaɪdəˌhoʊ ˈgəvərnərz bɪd tɪ pʊt geɪ ˈmɛrɪʤɪz ɔn hoʊld ðə væst məˈʤɔrəti əv ðə steɪts ˈkaʊntiz rɪfˈjuzd tɪ grænt ˈlaɪsənsɪz, seɪɪŋ ðə səˈprim kɔrt ˈnidɪd tɪ weɪ ɪn. məkˈdænjəl sɛd ə steɪ wɑz ˈnɛsəˌsɛri bɪˈkəz klərks dɪd nɑt noʊ ˈwɛðər ðeɪ wər ˈɑbləˌgeɪtɪd tɪ ˈɪʃu ˈlaɪsənsɪz. "kənfˈjuʒən ɪz pərˈveɪsɪv, ənd ðɪs kɔrt ʃʊd ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ɪts əˈθɔrəti ˈoʊvər ˈsərkət kɔrts tɪ ˈɪʃu ə steɪ," əˈsɪstənt əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl ˈkoʊlɪn ˈʤɔrgɪnsən hæd ˈrɪtən ɪn ðə brif. əˈtərniz fər ðə ˈkəpəlz hu sɔt tɪ ˈoʊvərˌtərn ðə bæn toʊld ðə kɔrt ðət əˈpil wɑz ˌpriməˈʧʊr sɪns piˈæzə hæd nɑt ˈɪʃud ə ˈfaɪnəl ˈɔrdər. ðə ˈeɪˈgi toʊld ðə kɔrt ɪn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪz ˈfaɪlɪŋ ðət ɪt ˈwʊdənt ˈɑbʤɛkt tɪ ðə kɔrt dɪsˈmɪsɪŋ hɪz əˈpil ɔn ðoʊz graʊnz ɪf ˈʤəstɪsɪz ˈgrænɪd ə steɪ. ˈʃɔrtli ˈæftər ðə səˈprim kɔrt dɪˈsɪʒən keɪm daʊn, pjuˈlæˌski ˈkaʊnti klərk ˈlɛri kreɪn sɛd hi plænd tɪ mit wɪθ hɪz ˈligəl ˈkaʊnsəl ˈθərzˌdeɪ ˈmɔrnɪŋ ənd ðət, ɪn ɔl ˈlaɪkliˌhʊd, hɪz ˈɔfəs wɪl stɑp ˈɪʃuɪŋ ˌseɪmˈsɛks ˈmɛrɪʤ ˈlaɪsənsɪz fər ðə taɪm biɪŋ. ˈʃɛrəl ˈmeɪpəlz, hu faɪld ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl ˈlɔˌsut ˈʧælənʤɪŋ ðə steɪts ˌseɪmˈsɛks ˈmɛrɪʤ bæn, wɑz ɪnˈkərəʤd baɪ ðə səˈprim kɔrts' dɪˈsɪʒən. "ɪf ju rɛd (piazza's*) ˈpriviəs dɪˈsɪʒən ðət wɑz ˈhændɪd daʊn, ðɛr ɪz noʊ kˈwɛʃən hi faʊnd ðoʊz lɔz ˌənˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl, ˈpɪriəd," ˈmeɪpəlz sɛd. "hi wɪl əˈphoʊld ðə ˈlaɪsənsɪz ðət wər ˈɪʃud ənd hi wɪl əˈphoʊld ðə ˈækʃənz baɪ ðə klərk ənd θɪŋz wɪl gɪt raɪt bæk tɪ wɛr ðeɪ wər." ʤɑʃ ˈsɪlvərˌstin, ə prəˈfɛsər æt ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv rɑks boʊən skul əv lɔ, sɛd ðət wəns piˈæzə rulz ɔn ðə keɪs əˈgɛn ðə steɪt wɪl moʊst ˈlaɪkli ˈɪʃu ə ˈsɪmələr rɪˈspɑns. "aɪ θɪŋk wɪl bi goʊɪŋ θru ðɪs ɔl ˈoʊvər əˈgɛn ɪn ðə nɛkst wik," ˈsɪlvərˌstin sɛd. kənˈtrɪbjutɪŋ: ðə əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd prɛs rɛd ər ʃɛr ðɪs ˈstɔri:

high court turned down request from attorney general to halt same-sex marriage licenses. andriaock, left, and chantel jandak of jacksonport, ark., laugh together as they are married may 12, 2014, by joey cole, center, in the rotunda of the pulaski county courthouse in little rock, ark. (photo11:ephen b. thornton, ap) little rock, ark. -- the arkansas supreme court rejected theate attorney general's request wednesday for aay of a judge's ruling that overturned arkansas' constitutional ban on gay marriage. the high court turned down the request from attorney general dustin mcdaniel that would have halted the issuance of same-sex marriage licenses. experts say, however, it was far from a final ruling. pulaski county circuit judge chris piazza had ruled last week that a voter-approved gay marriage ban was unconstitutional but didn't issue aay. a few counties began issuing marriage licenses, and by midweek about 450 couples had gotten them. more: judge nixes idaho governor's bid to put gay marriages on hold the vast majority of theate's counties refused to grant licenses, saying the supreme court needed to weigh in. mcdaniel said aay was necessary because clerks did not know whether they were obligated to issue licenses. "confusion is pervasive, and this court should exercise its superintending authority over circuit courts to issue aay," assistant attorney general colin jorgensen had written in the brief. attorneys for the couples who sought to overturn the ban told the court that mcdaniel's appeal was premature since piazza had not issued a final order. the ag told the court in wednesday's filing that it wouldn't object to the court dismissing his appeal on those grounds if justices granted aay. shortly after the supreme court decision came down, pulaski county clerk larry crane said he planned to meet with his legal counsel thursday morning and that, in all likelihood, his office willop issuing same-sex marriage licenses for the time being. cheryl maples, who filed the initial lawsuit challenging theate's same-sex marriage ban, was encouraged by the supreme courts' decision. "if you read (piazza's) previous decision that was handed down, there is no question he found those laws unconstitutional, period," maples said. "he will uphold the licenses that were issued and he will uphold the actions by the clerk and things will get right back to where they were." josh silverstein, a professor at the university of arkansas-little rock's bowen school of law, said that once piazza rules on the case again theate will most likely issue a similar response. "i think we'll be going through this all over again in the next week," silverstein said. contributing: the associated press read or share thisory: http://usat.ly/1gp6l3l

•* kip əp wɪθ ɔl ðə dilz wɪθ ðə treɪd ˈtrækər ɔl ðə ˈleɪtəst treɪd ənd fri ˈeɪʤənsi nuz ˌɪnˈdɪkətɪv dræft ˈɔrdər: kip əp tɪ deɪt wɪθ ɔl ðə pɪks huz ˈhæŋɪŋ əp ðə buts? kip træk əv rɪˈtaɪrmənts ənd ðə ˈfaɪnəl deɪ ˈfləri əv treɪdz ˈɔlsoʊ ˌɪnˈkludɪd səm dilz ðət ˈoʊnli ˌɪnˈvɑlvd dræft pɪks wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛni pleɪərz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd. hir ɪz ɑr ˌəndərˈstændɪŋ əv waɪ ðoʊz dilz wɛnt daʊn, ɛz kləbz aɪ ˈɛkstrə pɔɪnts fər ðɪs jɪrz dræft ənd nɛkst jɪrz ˈɪnˌteɪk wɪθ ənd əˈkædəmi pɪks ˈkəmɪŋ θru. ðə treɪd pɔrt ˈædəˌleɪd rɪˈsivz dræft səˈlɛkʃən æt ðə taɪm əv treɪd) ənd ə fˈjuʧər dræft səˈlɛkʃən. nɔrθ nɔrθ ˈmɛlbərn rɪˈsivz tu ˈsɛpərˌeɪt fˈjuʧər dræft səˈlɛkʃənz (taɪd tɪ wɛst koʊst ənd). waɪ? ðə ˌkæŋgərˈuz hæv səm əˈkædəmi ənd ˈprɑspɛkts ˈkəmɪŋ θru nɛkst jɪr soʊ ðə ˈɛkstrə pɔɪnts wɪl hɛlp ðɛm ɪn 2018 mɔr soʊ ðən ðɪs ˈsizən. ˈtɑməs, ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə ruz' nɛkst ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən əˈkædəmi zoʊn ɪn ˌtæzˈmeɪniə, lumz ɛz ən ˈərli səˈlɛkʃən, waɪl ˈbeɪli skɑt (sən əv ˈrɑbərt), nɪk ˈbleɪki (sən əv ʤɑn) ənd ʤoʊəl ˈkrɑkər (sən əv ˈdɑrən) wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈɛlɪʤəbəl tɪ lænd æt ˈɑrdən strit. ðə treɪd ðə ˈbrɪzˌbeɪn laɪənz rɪˈsiv ə dræft səˈlɛkʃən æt ðə taɪm əv treɪd) ənd dræft səˈlɛkʃən æt ðə taɪm əv treɪd). ˈrɪʧmənd rɪˈsivz ə dræft səˈlɛkʃən æt ðə taɪm əv treɪd) ənd dræft səˈlɛkʃən æt ðə taɪm əv treɪd). waɪ? ðɪs ɪz ˈlaɪkli tɪ riˈvɑlv əraʊnd ðə ˈprɑspɛkts boʊθ kləbz hæv əˈveɪləbəl æt ðɪs jɪrz dræft. baɪ ˈtreɪdɪŋ bæk ðɛr fərst pɪk, ðə ˈtaɪgərz naʊ hæv 20 ənd 25 æt ðɛr dɪˈspoʊzəl ənd ə bɪd fər ˈpætrɪk nɑɪʃ simz ˈlaɪkli tɪ fɔl ɪn ðət reɪnʤ. baɪ ˈmuvɪŋ əp, ðə laɪənz kʊd gɪt ðɛr pɪks ɪn ˌbiˈfɔr ə bɪd kəmz fər əˈkædəmi tɔl ˈkɑnər ballenden*, ˈminɪŋ ðeɪ kən ʤɪst juz ˈleɪtər səˈlɛkʃənz tɪ mæʧ ðət bɪd. ðə treɪd pɔrt ˈædəˌleɪd rɪˈsivz ə dræft səˈlɛkʃən æt ðə taɪm əv treɪd), əˈnəðər dræft səˈlɛkʃən æt ðə taɪm əv treɪd) ənd ə fˈjuʧər dræft səˈlɛkʃən rɪˈsivz səˈlɛkʃən æt ðə taɪm əv treɪd) ənd fˈjuʧər dræft səˈlɛkʃən (taɪd tɪ ˈædəˌleɪd). waɪ? ðə seɪnts wər kin tɪ ˌripəˈzɪʃən ðɛmˈsɛlvz tɪ goʊ əp ɪn ðə ˈɔrdər əv ðɪs jɪrz ˈsɛkənd raʊnd ənd bi ˈərliər wɪθ ðɛr səˈlɛkʃənz æt nɛkst mənθs næb dræft. ðə treɪd ˈɔlsoʊ mɛnt ðə paʊər hæd mɔr əv ə ˈprɛzəns ɪn ðɪs jɪrz dræft ˈæftər ˈpʊʃɪŋ aʊt səm ˈərli səˈlɛkʃənz ɛz pɑrt əv ðɛr ˈbɪzi ˈpɪriəd. ˈstivən wɛlz ənd ˈtreɪdɪd pɪks wɪθ ˈrɪʧmənd ɛz ðə treɪd ˈpɪriəd ˈɛndɪd. ˈpɪkʧər: ˈfoʊˌtoʊz ðə treɪd rɪˈsivz ə fˈjuʧər dræft səˈlɛkʃən. ˈrɪʧmənd rɪˈsivz ə dræft səˈlɛkʃən æt ðə taɪm əv treɪd). waɪ? ðə hæv tɪ kəm ˈɪntu ðə kləbz' ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ɪn ðɪs dil. ˈrɪʧmənd həz nɑɪʃ ə ˈwɪri bət ˈtæləntɪd frəm ðə ˈnɔrðərn naɪts ˈkəmɪŋ θru ðɪs ˈsizən ənd hi kʊd əˈtrækt ə bɪd. ðə kæts hæv ˈɔskər brownless*, ðə sən əv ˈbɪli, ˈɛlɪʤəbəl tɪ ʤɔɪn ɛz ə pɪk nɛkst jɪr. wɔnt mɔr treɪd nuz? ˈdɑkərz ˈfaɪnəli lænd ʤaɪənt ˈtərgət dɪˈskɑrdɪd ˈgɪvɪn səˈpraɪz ˈlaɪˌflaɪn æt kroʊz pɔrt ˈɔstən paʊərz ɔf tɪ seɪnts jəŋ sən: goʊld koʊst saɪnz paʊər ˈfɔrwərd sənz gɪt ˈigəlz' fˈjuʧər ɪn swɑp hu ɪz sæm ˈməri? swɔn hɛdz ɔf tɪ paɪz ˈbʊlˌdɔgz ənd ˈbɑmərz ʃoʊ ləv fər gɪbz ʤɔɪnz kroʊz ɪn ˈblɑkˌbəstər treɪd

• keep up with all the deals with the trade tracker • all the latest trade and free agency news • indicative draft order: keep up to date with all the picks • who's hanging up the boots? keep track of 2017's retirements and delistings the final day flurry of trades also included some deals that only involved draft picks without any players involved. here is our understanding of why those deals went down, as clubs eye extra points for this year's draft and next year's intake with father-son and academy picks coming through. the trade port adelaide receives third-round draft selection (no.46 at the time of trade) and a future third-round draft selection. north north melbourne receives two separate on-traded future third-round draft selections (tied to west coast and st kilda). why? the kangaroos have some academy and father-son prospects coming through next year so the extra points will help them in 2018 more so than this season. tarryn thomas, a member of the roos' next generation academy zone in tasmania, looms as an early selection, while bailey scott (son of robert), nick blakey (son of john) and joel crocker (son of darren) will also be eligible to land at arden street. the trade the brisbane lions receive a first-round draft selection (no.15 at the time of trade) and third-round draft selection (no.52 at the time of trade). richmond receives a second-round draft selection (no.20 at the time of trade) and on-traded second-round draft selection (no.25 at the time of trade). why? this is likely to revolve around the prospects both clubs have available at this year's draft. by trading back their first pick, the tigers now have no.17, 20 and 25 at their disposal and a bid for father-son patrick naish seems likely to fall in that range. by moving up, the lions could get their picks in before a bid comes for academy tall connor ballenden, meaning they can just use later selections to match that bid. the trade port adelaide receives a fourth-round draft selection (no.59 at the time of trade), another fourth-round draft selection (no.63 at the time of trade) and a future second-round draft selection st kilda receives on-traded second-round selection (no.34 at the time of trade) and future on-traded fourth-round draft selection (tied to adelaide). why? the saints were keen to reposition themselves to go up in the order of this year's second round and be earlier with their selections at next month's nab afl draft. the trade also meant the power had more of a presence in this year's draft after pushing out some early selections as part of their busy period. stephen wells and geelong traded picks with richmond as the trade period ended. picture: afl photos the trade geelong receives a future third-round draft selection. richmond receives a third-round draft selection (no.53 at the time of trade). why? the father-sons have to come into the clubs' thinking in this deal. richmond has naish a wiry but talented midfielder from the northern knights coming through this season and he could attract a top-20 bid. the cats have oscar brownless, the son of billy, eligible to join as a father-son pick next year. want more trade news? • dockers finally land giant target • discarded roo given surprise lifeline at crows • port adelaide's austin powers off to saints • young sun: gold coast signs power forward • suns get eagles' future first-rounder in swap • who is sam murray? swan heads off to pies • bulldogs and bombers show love for schache • gibbs joins crows in blockbuster trade

ˈʧɑrəlz ˈrɑbərt wɑts (bɔrn 2 ʤun 1941 ɪz ən ˈɪŋlɪʃ ˈdrəmər, bɛst noʊn ɛz ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə ˈroʊlɪŋ stoʊnz sɪns 1963 ərˈɪʤənəli treɪnd ɛz ə ˈgræfɪk ˈɑrtɪst, hi ˈstɑrtɪd pleɪɪŋ drəmz ɪn ˈləndənz ˈrɪðəm ənd bluz kləbz, wɛr hi mɛt braɪən ʤoʊnz, mɪk ˈʤægər, ənd kiθ ˈrɪʧərdz. ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri 1963 hi ʤɔɪnd ðɛr ˈflɛʤlɪŋ grup, ðə ˈroʊlɪŋ stoʊnz, ɛz ˈdrəmər, waɪl ˈdəbəlɪŋ ɛz dɪˈzaɪnər əv ðɛr ˈrɛkərd slivz ənd tʊr ˈsteɪʤɪz. hi həz ˈɔlsoʊ tʊrd wɪθ hɪz oʊn grup, ðə ˈʧɑrli wɑts kwɪnˈtɛt, ənd əˈpɪrd ɪn ˈləndən æt ˈrɑni skɑts ʤæz kləb wɪθ ðə ˈʧɑrli wɑts. ɪn 2006 wɑts wɑz ɪˈlɛktɪd ˈɪntu ðə ˈmɑdərn ˈdrəmər hɔl əv feɪm; ɪn ðə seɪm jɪr, ˈvænɪti fɛr ɪˈlɛktɪd ɪm ˈɪntu ðə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl bɛst drɛst lɪst hɔl əv feɪm. ɪn ðə ˌɛstəˈmeɪʃən əv ˈnoʊtɪd mˈjuzɪk ˈkrɪtɪk ˈrɑbərt christgau*, wɑts ɪz "rɑks ˈgreɪtəst ˈdrəmər." ɪn 2016 hi wɑz ræŋkt ɔn ˈroʊlɪŋ stoʊnz 100 ˈgreɪtəst ˈdrəmərz əv ɔl taɪm" ˈkɑntɛnts ˈərli laɪf ˈɛdət mˈjuzɪkəl kərɪr ˈɛdət ˈpraɪvət laɪf ənd ˈpəblɪk ˈɪmɪʤ ˈɛdət dɪˈskɔgrəfi ˈɛdət si ˈɔlsoʊ: ðə ˈroʊlɪŋ stoʊnz dɪˈskɔgrəfi ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ hɪz wərk wɪθ ðə ˈroʊlɪŋ stoʊnz, wɑts həz riˈlist ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈælbəmz: ðə ˈʧɑrli wɑts ˈɔrkəstrə lɪv æt taʊn hɔl ˈrɛkərdz) ˈrɛkərdz) ðə ˈʧɑrli wɑts kwɪnˈtɛt frəm wən ˈʧɑrli ˈrɛkərdz) ˈrɛkərdz) ðə ˈʧɑrli wɑts kwɪnˈtɛt ə ˈtrɪbjut tɪ ˈʧɑrli ˈpɑrkər wɪθ strɪŋz ˈrɛkərdz) ˈrɛkərdz) ðə ˈʧɑrli wɑts kwɪnˈtɛt wɔrm ənd ˈtɛndər ˈrɛkərdz) ˈrɛkərdz) ðə ˈʧɑrli wɑts kwɪnˈtɛt lɔŋ əˈgoʊ ənd fɑr əˈweɪ ˈrɛkərdz) ˈrɛkərdz) ðə ˈʧɑrli ˈkɛltnər ˈprɑʤɛkt ˈɑktɪv ˈrɛkərdz) ˈɑktɪv ˈrɛkərdz) ðə ˈʧɑrli wɑts wɑts æt skɑts ˈrɛkərdz) ˈrɛkərdz) ðə əv ˈbʊgi ˈwʊgi ðə ˈmæʤɪk əv ˈbʊgi ˈwʊgi ˈrɛkərdz) ˈrɛkərdz) ðə əv ˈbʊgi ˈwʊgi lɪv ɪn ˈpɛrɪs ˈrɛkərdz) ˈrɛkərdz) ˈʧɑrli wɑts mits ðə ˈdeɪnɪʃ ˈreɪdiˌoʊ bɪg bænd (lɪv æt ˈdeɪnɪʃ ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ˈkɑnsərt hɔl, ˈkoʊpənˌhɑgən 2010 2017/impuplse*)

charles robert watts (born 2 june 1941) is an english drummer, best known as a member of the rolling stones since 1963. originally trained as a graphic artist, he started playing drums in london's rhythm and blues clubs, where he met brian jones, mick jagger, and keith richards. in january 1963, he joined their fledgling group, the rolling stones, as drummer, while doubling as designer of their record sleeves and tour stages. he has also toured with his own group, the charlie watts quintet, and appeared in london at ronnie scott's jazz club with the charlie watts tentet. in 2006, watts was elected into the modern drummer hall of fame; in the same year, vanity fair elected him into the international best dressed list hall of fame. in the estimation of noted music critic robert christgau, watts is "rock's greatest drummer." in 2016, he was ranked 12th on rolling stone's "100 greatest drummers of all time" list.[1] contents early life edit musical career edit private life and public image edit discography edit see also: the rolling stones discography in addition to his work with the rolling stones, watts has released the following albums: the charlie watts orchestra live at fulham town hall (1986/columbia records) (1986/columbia records) the charlie watts quintet – from one charlie (1991/continuum records) (1991/continuum records) the charlie watts quintet – a tribute to charlie parker with strings (1992/continuum records) (1992/continuum records) the charlie watts quintet – warm and tender (1993/continuum records) (1993/continuum records) the charlie watts quintet – long ago and far away (1996/virgin records) (1996/virgin records) the charlie watts-jim keltner project (2000/cyber octave records) (2000/cyber octave records) the charlie watts tentet – watts at scott's (2004/sanctuary records) (2004/sanctuary records) the abc&d of boogie woogie – the magic of boogie woogie (2010/vagabond records) (2010/vagabond records) the abc&d of boogie woogie live in paris (2012/columbia records) (2012/columbia records) charlie watts meets the danish radio big band (live at danish radio concert hall, copenhagen / 2010) (2017/impuplse)

ˈbeɪkən, ənd ˈpitərz ɔl əˈgrid ðət ðə nɛkst weɪv əv ˈpipəl goʊɪŋ ˈɔnˌlaɪn wʊd ˈlaɪkli du soʊ wɪθ ə fərst, ɪf nɑt ɪkˈsklusɪvli. ˈoʊpən sɔrs wʊd nɑt ˈoʊnli gɪv ðɛm mɔr kənˈtroʊl ˈoʊvər ðət ˈmoʊbəl ɪkˈspɪriəns, bət lɛt ðɛm kriˈeɪt ənd ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈkɑntɛnt ðət wɑz ˈpriviəsli aʊt əv riʧ. ˈpitərz ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ɑs boʊθ gɪvz ˈimərʤɪŋ ˈmɑrkɪts fʊl ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ðə wɛb ənd hɛlps dɪˈvɛləpərz raɪt æps ˈteɪlərd tɪ spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈriʤənz. æps fər saʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, kʊd əˈkɑməˌdeɪt ðə ˈɛriəz ləv əv priˈpeɪd foʊn ˈsərvɪsɪz. tɪ, ˈoʊpən tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɪz ˈkruʃəl fər ˈivɪn ðə moʊst ˈbeɪsɪk nidz; ˈsəmθɪŋ ɛz ˈsɪmpəl ɛz ən ˈoʊpən sɔrs fɑnt lɛts ˈloʊkəlz rɛd ˈkɑntɛnt ɪn ðɛr ˈneɪtɪv ˈlæŋgwɪʤɪz. ðə nuəst bæʧ əv ˈoʊpən ˈmoʊbəl ˈsɔfˌwɛr ˈwʊdənt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli fɔl ˈvɪktɪm tɪ ˈpriviəs mɪˈsteɪks, ˈbeɪkən sɛd. ˈænˌdrɔɪd həz bɪn ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ˌfrægmənˈteɪʃən, bət ˌuˈbuˌtu ənd wər boʊθ dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ kip ɛz ˈmɛni ˈjuzərz ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl ɔn ðə seɪm peɪʤ. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˈɛvriˌwən ɔn ðə ɪkˈspænd ˈpænəl wɑz kwɪk tɪ pɔɪnt aʊt ðət ˈsɔfˌwɛr baɪ ˌɪtˈsɛlf ˈɪzənt ɪˈnəf. ˈbeɪkən kənˈtɛndɪd ðət ˈprɑʤɛkts laɪk ˌuˈbuˌtu hæv tɪ ˈɪnəˌgreɪt wɪθ nɑt ʤɪst ˈəðər dɪˈvaɪsɪz ənd ˈsərvɪsɪz, bət ˈɔlsoʊ ðə kəmˈjunɪti. ðæts ðə hɑrd pɑrt, hi sɛd ˈmɛni ˈkəmpəˌniz ˈɑrənt juzd tɪ ɪkˈspoʊzɪŋ ðɛr wərk tɪ ðə ˈpəblɪk. ˈpitərz həz bɪn səm əv ðoʊz fɪrz baɪ ʃoʊɪŋ ðət ˈoʊpən sɔrs ənd kəˈmərʃəl səkˈsɛs ˈɑrənt mˈjuʧuəli ɪkˈsklusɪv. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˈmɑrkɪtˌpleɪs ˌɪnˈkludz ɪts ʃɛr əv peɪd æps, ɪts ˈoʊpən koʊd lɛts ˈɛniˌwən bɪld ðɛr oʊn stɔr. ðɛr ər ˈɔlsoʊ kɔst ˈbɛriərz, ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˈkəmpəˌniz ər ˈtækəlɪŋ ðiz ˈʧælənʤɪz ɪn ˈdɪfərənt weɪz. ɪz ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn ðə ˌɪˈnɪʃəl dɪˈvaɪs kɔst; ˈpitərz strɛst ðət ɑs foʊnz laɪk ðə ˈoʊpən sɛl fər lɛs ðən 100 off-contract*, ər wɛl bɪˈloʊ ðə ˈpraɪsɪz əv moʊst kəmˈpitɪŋ ˈhɑrdˌwɛr. waɪl ˈoʊpən ˈneɪʧər ˈdəzənt loʊər kɔsts baɪ ˌɪtˈsɛlf, ˈnoʊtɪd ðət ˈwɪkiˌpiˌdiə ˈziroʊ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪts stip ˈdætə fiz, ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈmɛni ˈpurər ˈsɛlfoʊn ˈoʊnərz ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ə væst ˈnɑlɪʤ beɪs. ˌwəˈtɛvər ðə ˈɑbstəkəlz, ɪts klɪr ðət ˈbeɪkən, ənd ˈpitərz ɔl si ˈoʊpən sɔrs tɛkˈnɑləʤi ɛz boʊθ ˈfizəbəl ənd ˈwərθˈwaɪl. bɪˈlivz ðət ˈoʊpənɪŋ ə ˈplætˌfɔrm ˈfɔrsɪz dɪˈvɛləpərz tɪ riˈθɪŋk ənd ˌɪmˈpruv ðɛr tulz, səʧ ɛz ˈwɪkiˌpiˌdiəz ˈɛdɪtɪŋ ənd ˈfoʊˌtoʊ ˈəˌploʊd swits. ˈbeɪkən, ˈminˌwaɪl, siz ðə ˈoʊpən əˈproʊʧ ˌɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ ˈækʃən ɪn ðoʊz hud ˈəðərˌwaɪz sɪt ɔn ðə ˈsaɪˌdlaɪnz. hi ˌriˈkaʊntɪd ðə ˈstɔri əv ə jəŋ ˌuˈbuˌtu kənˈtrɪbjətər hu wʊd wɔk fɔr aʊərz tɪ ən ˈɪntərˌnɛt café*é ʤɪst tɪ səbˈmɪt hɪz wərk ˈoʊpənəs droʊv ðɪs ʧaɪld tɪ meɪk ə ˈdɪfərəns.

bacon, finc and peters all agreed that the next wave of people going online would likely do so with a smartphone first, if not exclusively. open source would not only give them more control over that mobile experience, but let them create and experience content that was previously out of reach. peters noted that firefox os both gives emerging markets full access to the web and helps developers write apps tailored to specific regions. apps for south america, for example, could accommodate the area's love of prepaid phone services. to finc, open technology is crucial for even the most basic needs; something as simple as an open source font lets locals read content in their native languages. the newest batch of open mobile software wouldn't necessarily fall victim to previous mistakes, bacon said. android has been subject to fragmentation, but ubuntu and firefox were both designed to keep as many users as possible on the same page. however, everyone on the expand panel was quick to point out that software by itself isn't enough. bacon contended that projects like ubuntu have to integrate with not just other devices and services, but also the community. that's the hard part, he said -- many companies aren't used to exposing their work to the public. peters has been assuaging some of those fears by showing that open source and commercial success aren't mutually exclusive. although firefox marketplace includes its share of paid apps, its open code lets anyone build their own store. there are also cost barriers, although companies are tackling these challenges in different ways. mozilla is focused on the initial device cost; peters stressed that firefox os phones like the zte open sell for less than $100 off-contract, or well below the prices of most competing hardware. while wikimedia's open nature doesn't lower costs by itself, finc noted that wikipedia zero eliminates steep data fees, giving many poorer cellphone owners access to a vast knowledge base. whatever the obstacles, it's clear that bacon, finc and peters all see open source technology as both feasible and worthwhile. finc believes that opening a platform forces developers to rethink and improve their tools, such as wikipedia's editing and photo upload suites. bacon, meanwhile, sees the open approach inspiring action in those who'd otherwise sit on the sidelines. he recounted the story of a young ubuntu contributor who would walk four hours to an internet café just to submit his work -- openness drove this child to make a difference.

aamir* kʊˈreɪʃi ˈgɛti ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˌpækɪˈstæni praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈræzə weɪvz əˈpɑn hɪz ərˈaɪvəl æt ðə səˈprim kɔrt fər ə ˈhirɪŋ ɪn ˌɪsˈlæməbæd, ˈpækɪˌstæn, ˈeɪprəl 26 2012 fər ˈɛniˌwən ˈhoʊpɪŋ tɪ si ə ˌpækɪˈstæni səˈvɪljən ˈgəvərnmənt kəmˈplit ə fʊl ˈfaɪvˌjɪr tərm wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛni ˌɪntərˈəpʃən, ðɪs ˈvərdɪkt wɑz ˈsɔrli ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnɪŋ. ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ, səˈprim kɔrt ruld ðət ˈræzə kən noʊ ˈlɔŋgər kənˈtɪnju ɛz praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər, ˈreɪzɪŋ ˈtɛnʧənz bɪtˈwin ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ənd ðə ʤuˈdɪʃiˌɛri tɪ ðɛr haɪəst pɔɪnt ənd ˈlivɪŋ ðə ˈkəntri ˈvəlnərəbəl tɪ ə nu feɪz əv pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌɪnstəˈbɪlɪti. ɪn ɪts ənˈjuˌʒuəli tərs ˈrulɪŋ, ðə səˈprim kɔrt ˌɪnˈstrəktɪd ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈɑli tɪ əreɪnʤ ə səkˈsɛsər fər. waɪl ðɛr ɪz ˈlɪtəl ˈprɑspɛkt əv ˈgəvərnmənt ˈfɑlɪŋ, hɪz ˈrulɪŋ ˈpækɪˌstæn ˈpɑrti (ppp*) həz ækˈsɛptɪd ðət ðɛr ɪz noʊ praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər æt ðə ˈmoʊmənt, ənd, ˈðɛrˌfɔr, noʊ ˈkæbənət. ðə ɪz ˈkərəntli ɪn ˈkraɪsəs tɔks wɪθ ɪts pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈælaɪz tɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd ɔn ə nu praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər. ðə ˈʧælənʤ fər ðə ˈrulɪŋ ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən wɪl bi tɪ hoʊld ɔn tɪ ɪts ˈnəmbərz, əˈʧiv ə kənˈsɛnsəs ɔn ə nu prɛˈmɪr ənd sərˈvaɪv ə voʊt əv ˈkɑnfədɛns ɪkˈspɛktɪd ɪn ðə ˈkəmɪŋ deɪz. (rɛd: səˈprim kɔrt ˈvərsəz. ˈɛvriˌbɑdi.) ðə ˈrulɪŋ ˈreɪzɪz ðə ˈprɛʃər ɔn ən ɔˈrɛdi wik, ˌənˈpɑpjələr ənd ˈfɔltərɪŋ ˈgəvərnmənt. ɪn ˈrisənt deɪz, ðə ˈkəntri həz sin ə ræʃ əv ˈvaɪələnt raɪəts ˈoʊvər paʊər ˈʃɔrtɪʤɪz. ɪn səm ˈɛriəz ɪn ˈpənˌʤæb, ˈwɛlθiəst ənd moʊst ˈpɑpjələs ˈprɑvɪns, ðɛr ɪz noʊ ɪˌlɛkˈtrɪsəti fər əp tɪ 20 aʊərz. ðə ɪˈkɑnəmi ɪz ɪn ˈtrəbəl. bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˈrulɪŋ, ə nu ˈbəʤɪt meɪ hæv tɪ bi hæʃt aʊt ənd ˈɔθərˌaɪzd baɪ rɪˈpleɪsmənt. riˈleɪʃənz wɪθ ðə juz. ˈlæŋgwɪʃ æt ən ɔl taɪm loʊ, wɪθ ˈneɪtoʊ səˈplaɪ rʊts tɪ æfˈgænəˌstæn ˈviə ˈpækɪˌstæn stɪl kloʊzd. ənd ˈmɪlətənsi rɪˈmeɪnz ə ˈpurli ʧɛkt ˈmɛnɪs. ənˈtɪl səm ˈmɛʒər əv pəˈlɪtɪkəl stəˈbɪlɪti ɪz rɪˈkəvərd, ðiz ənd ˈəðər ˈʧælənʤɪz wɪl rɪˈmeɪn nɪˈglɛktɪd. ɔn ðə feɪs əv ɪt, ðə səˈprim kɔrt wɑz ˈpənɪʃɪŋ fər rɪfˈjuzɪŋ tɪ pərˈsu kərˈəpʃən ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz əˈgɛnst hɪz bɔs, ˈprɛzɪdənt. ɪt rɪˈpitɪdli ˈprɑdɪd ðə ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ raɪt ə ˈlɛtər tɪ swɪs əˈθɔrətiz, ˈərʤɪŋ ðɛm tɪ riˈoʊpən ən oʊld ˈməni ˈlɔndərɪŋ keɪs ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ. ðə ˈgəvərnmənt dɪˈnaɪz ðə ˈʧɑrʤɪz, ənd ˈɑrgjuz ðət, ɛz ˈprɛzɪdənt, ˌɛnˈʤɔɪz fʊl ˌɪmˈjunɪti ˈəndər ðə ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃən. dɪˈklaɪnd tɪ ˈfɑloʊ ðə ˌɪnˈstrəkʃənz, wɑz kənˈvɪktəd əv kənˈtɛmpt ɪn ˈeɪprəl, ənd həz naʊ bɪn ˌənˌsɛrəˈmoʊniəsli tɔst aʊt əv ðə praɪm ˈrɛzɪdəns, wɪʧ hi ˈɑkjəˌpaɪd ˈlɔŋgər ðən ˈɛni əv hɪz ˈprɛdəˌsɛsərz. bət tɪ ˈmɛni əbˈzərvərz, ðə səˈprim dɪˈsɪʒən wɑz ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl. ɪt stʊd aʊt ɛz ðə ˈleɪtəst ɪn ə ˈsɪriz əv ˌɪntərˈəpʃənz əv ðə ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk ˈprɔˌsɛs baɪ ˌənɪˈlɛktɪd ənd ˌənəˈkaʊntəbəl ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz. ˈrɪli əˈbaʊt ðə law,”*,” sɪz ʃeɪk, ə ˈpækɪˌstæn ˈɛkspərt æt rɔɪəl ˈɪnstɪˌtut əv ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl əˈfɛrz. ɪz əˈbaʊt ˈpɑləˌtɪks, ənd ðɪs ɪz ə paʊər pleɪ baɪ ðə səˈprim court.”*.” ɪn ðə pæst, ɪt wɑz ðə ˈɑrmi ðət wʊd ˌɪntərˈvin, ˈiðər θru dɪˈskrit ˈbækˈsteɪʤ məˈnuvərz, ər ˈivɪn dɪˈrɛkt ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kuz. ““now*, ɪt ɪz ðə səˈprim kɔrt ðət həz ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ðət ɪt ˈbɛtər ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ðə ˈpipəl əv ˈpækɪˌstæn ðən ðoʊz ðeɪ elect,”*,” sɪz ʃeɪk. ðə dɪˈsɪʒən ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ biɪŋ ˈskrutəˌnaɪzd fər ɪts ˈsimɪŋli ənˈʧɛkt dɪˈzaɪər tɪ ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt. ðə səˈprim kɔrt, ˈligəl ˈɛkspərts seɪ, hæd ˈəðər ˈɔpʃənz. ðə ˈʤəʤɪz kʊd hæv rɪˈzərvd ˈʤəʤmənt ɔn lɪˈʤɪtəməsi ənd rɪˈfərd ðə ˈmætər tɪ ɪˈlɛkʃən kəˈmɪʃən, wɛr ðə ˈgəvərnmənt wʊd hæv ðə ˈɔpʃən əv əˈpil. ðeɪ kʊd hæv ækˈsɛptɪd ðə ˈspikər əv dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ əˈlaʊ tɪ rɪˈmeɪn ɪn ˈɔfəs ˈæftər hi wɑz kənˈvɪktəd. baɪ ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə ənˈjuˌʒuəl stɛp əv dɪsˈmɪsɪŋ ɔn ɪts oʊn, ðə kɔrt simd tɪ səˈʤɛst ɪt wɑz nɑt priˈpɛrd tɪ ˈkaʊntənəns əˈnəðər ˈaʊtˌkəm. ðɛr ɪz məʧ ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃən ðət ðə səˈprim kɔrt ˈheɪsənd tɪ riˈmuv ˈæftər ðə ˈimərʤəns əv ˈlʊrəd kərˈəpʃən ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ʧif ˈʤəstɪs sən,. ə ˈhaɪli ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl ˈprɑpərti ˌbɪljəˈnɛr, ˈmælɪk huˈseɪn, həz stɛpt ˈfɔrwərd ˈoʊvər ˈrisənt deɪz tɪ əˈlɛʤ ðət ˈʧɔdri həz bɪn ““blackmailing”*” ɪm tɪ ðə tun əv ˈmɪljən. ɛz ˈɛvədəns, huˈseɪn həz ˈfərnɪʃt rɪˈsits pərˈpɔrtɪˌdli ʃoʊɪŋ ðət ðə ˈprɑpərti taɪˈkun ˈfaɪˌnænst ɪkˈspɛnsɪv trɪps tɪ ˈləndən ənd montecarlo*. ɪn rɪˈtərn, huˈseɪn kleɪmz, hi wɑz toʊld ðət ˈsɛvərəl ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ ˈligəl ˈkeɪsɪz əˈgɛnst ɪm wʊd bi drɑpt. səˈpɔrtərz əv ðə ʧif ˈʤəstɪs dɪˈnaɪ hɪz ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt ənd ˈkaʊntər ðə ˈʧɑrʤɪz baɪ seɪɪŋ ðət huˈseɪn hu həz kloʊz kəˈnɛkʃənz tɪ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt hæd bɪn əˈtɛmptɪŋ tɪ sən, æt ðə ˈərʤɪŋ əv ˈælaɪz. ˌwəˈtɛvər ðə truθ əv ðə ˈmætər, ðə ˈskændəl həz ˈteɪntɪd ðə ʤuˈdɪʃiˌɛri. wən əv ðə ˈsɔrsəz əv ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti wɑz hɪz ˈɪmɪʤ ɛz ə kruˈseɪdər əˈgɛnst kərˈəpʃən. naʊ, kˈwɛsʧənz ər biɪŋ reɪzd əˈbaʊt ðə ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt, kəmˈplɪsɪti ər ˈnɑlɪʤ əv ðə floʊ əv fəndz. wɪθ ðə rɪsk əv ðə ˈskændəl ɪˈroʊdɪŋ hɪz əˈθɔrəti, ˈkrɪtɪks ˈwəndər ɪf ˈvərdɪkt ˈkɛriz ən ˈɛləmənt əv riˈvɛnʤ. (rɛd: ɔn ðə roʊd wɪθ ˈʧɔdri, ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ʧif ˈʤəstɪs.) ɛz ɪˈlɛkʃənz lum, ðə ˈvərdɪkt kʊd bi ə mɪkst ˈblɛsɪŋ fər ðə ˈrulɪŋ. ðə dɪsˈmɪsəl əv ɪts praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər kʊd teɪnt ðə ˈpɑrti ənd hərt ɪts ˈʧænsɪz. æt ðə seɪm taɪm, ðoʊ, ɪt meɪ kæst ˌɪtˈsɛlf ɛz ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈvɪktɪm əv ˈʃædoʊi ˈfɔrsɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət kʊd hɛlp ˈræli ðə beɪs æt ðə nɛkst ɪˈlɛkʃənz (wɪʧ hæv tɪ teɪk pleɪs ˌbiˈfɔr nɛkst mɑrʧ). ðə fækt ðət kəmz frəm ðə ˈplɪtɪkli ˈkruʃəl ˈbætəlˌgraʊnd əv ˈsəðərn ˈpənˌʤæb meɪ hɛlp ðə ˈstændɪŋ ðɛr. ðɛr ɪz məʧ tɔk ðət hɪz səkˈsɛsər meɪ ˈɔlsoʊ kəm frəm ðə seɪm ˈriʤən. bət huˈɛvər ˈimərʤɪz ɛz nɛkst praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər wɪl feɪs ə ˌfɔrˈmɪdəbəl əreɪ əv ˈʧælənʤɪz: ən əˈsərtɪv səˈprim kɔrt wɪl dɪˈmænd ðeɪ teɪk ˈækʃən əˈgɛnst ðɛr oʊn bɔs; ˈʤɛnərəlz wɪl bi kin tɪ teɪk ædˈvæntɪʤ əv ə ˈwikər rɪˈpleɪsmənt; ə ˈtitərɪŋ ɪˈkɑnəmi wɪʧ meɪ nid jɛt əˈnəðər ˈbeɪˌlaʊt; ðə ˈsəmər əv raɪəts wɪl reɪʤ ɔn; ðə ˈwɪndoʊ fər nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz wɪθ ðə juz. wɪl ˈnɛroʊ; ðə ˈrulɪŋ ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən wɪl bɪˈkəm ˈʃeɪkiər; ənd ðɛn ˈɔlsoʊ ðə ˈlɪtəl ˈmætər əv ˈɪsləmɪst ˈmɪlətənsi. pərˈhæps wɪl ɪkˈsprɛs səm rɪˈlif ðət noʊ ˈlɔŋgər ɪn ʧɑrʤ.

aamir qureshi / afp / getty images pakistani prime minister yousuf raza gilani waves upon his arrival at the supreme court for a hearing in islamabad, pakistan, april 26, 2012. for anyone hoping to see a pakistani civilian government complete a full five-year term without any interruption, this verdict was sorely disappointing. on tuesday, pakistan’s supreme court ruled that yousaf raza gilani can no longer continue as prime minister, raising tensions between the government and the judiciary to their highest point and leaving the country vulnerable to a new phase of political instability. in its unusually terse ruling, the supreme court instructed president asif ali zardari to arrange a successor for gilani. while there is little prospect of zardari’s government falling, his ruling pakistan people’s party (ppp) has accepted that there is no prime minister at the moment, and, therefore, no cabinet. the ppp is currently in crisis talks with its political allies to decide on a new prime minister. the challenge for the ruling coalition will be to hold on to its numbers, achieve a consensus on a new premier and survive a vote of confidence expected in the coming days. (read: pakistan’s supreme court vs. everybody.) the court’s ruling raises the pressure on an already weak, unpopular and faltering government. in recent days, the country has seen a rash of violent riots over power shortages. in some areas in punjab, pakistan’s wealthiest and most populous province, there is no electricity for up to 20 hours. the economy is in trouble. because of the court’s ruling, a new budget may have to be hashed out and authorized by gilani’s replacement. relations with the u.s. languish at an all time low, with nato supply routes to afghanistan via pakistan still closed. and pakistan-based militancy remains a poorly checked menace. until some measure of political stability is recovered, these and other challenges will remain neglected. on the face of it, the supreme court was punishing gilani for obstinately refusing to pursue corruption allegations against his boss, president zardari. it repeatedly prodded the government to write a letter to swiss authorities, urging them to reopen an old money laundering case involving zardari. the government denies the charges, and argues that, as president, zardari enjoys full immunity under the constitution. gilani declined to follow the instructions, was convicted of contempt in april, and has now been unceremoniously tossed out of the prime minister’s residence, which he occupied longer than any of his predecessors. but to many observers, the supreme court’s decision was controversial. it stood out as the latest in a series of interruptions of the democratic process by unelected and unaccountable institutions. “this isn’t really about the law,” says farzana shaikh, a pakistan expert at london’s royal institute of international affairs. “this is about politics, and this is a power play by the supreme court.” in the past, it was the army that would ritually intervene, either through discreet backstage maneuvers, or even direct military coups. “now, it is the supreme court that has decided that it better represents the people of pakistan than those they elect,” says shaikh. the court’s decision is also being scrutinized for its seemingly unchecked desire to eliminate gilani. the supreme court, legal experts say, had other options. the judges could have reserved judgment on gilani’s legitimacy and referred the matter to pakistan’s election commission, where the government would have the option of appeal. they could have accepted the speaker of parliament’s decision to allow gilani to remain in office after he was convicted. by taking the unusual step of dismissing gilani on its own, the court seemed to suggest it was not prepared to countenance another outcome. there is much speculation that the supreme court hastened to remove gilani after the emergence of lurid corruption allegations involving chief justice iftikhar chaudhry’s son, arsalan. a highly influential property billionaire, malik riaz hussain, has stepped forward over recent days to allege that arsalan chaudhry has been “blackmailing” him to the tune of $3.7 million. as evidence, hussain has furnished receipts purportedly showing that the property tycoon financed expensive trips to london and montecarlo. in return, hussain claims, he was told that several outstanding legal cases against him would be dropped. supporters of the chief justice deny his involvement and counter the charges by saying that hussain – who has close connections to the government had been attempting to suborn chaudhry’s son, at the urging of gilani’s allies. whatever the truth of the matter, the scandal has tainted the judiciary. one of the sources of chaudhry’s popularity was his image as a crusader against corruption. now, questions are being raised about the judge’s involvement, complicity or knowledge of the flow of funds. with the risk of the scandal eroding his authority, critics wonder if tuesday’s verdict carries an element of revenge. (read: on the road with iftikhar chaudhry, pakistan’s controversial chief justice.) as elections loom, the verdict could be a mixed blessing for the ruling ppp. the dismissal of its prime minister could taint the party and hurt its chances. at the same time, though, it may cast itself as a political victim of shadowy anti-democratic forces – something that could help rally the party’s base at the next elections (which have to take place before next march). the fact that gilani comes from the politically crucial battleground of southern punjab may help the party’s standing there. there is much talk that his successor may also come from the same region. but whoever emerges as pakistan’s next prime minister will face a formidable array of challenges: an assertive supreme court will demand they take action against their own boss; overweening generals will be keen to take advantage of a weaker replacement; a teetering economy which may need yet another imf bailout; the summer of energy-related riots will rage on; the window for negotiations with the u.s. will narrow; the ruling coalition will become shakier; and then there’s also the little matter of islamist militancy. perhaps gilani will express some relief that he’s no longer in charge.

ˈbudəˌpɛʃt, ˈhəŋgəri (ˌeɪˈpi) həŋˈgɛriən ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz bɪˈgæn dəˈbeɪtɪŋ ə dræft bɪl ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ðət ˈkrɪtɪks seɪ ɪz mɛnt tɪ ˌɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪt nɑnˌgəvərnˈmɛntəl ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz wɪʧ rɪˈsiv ˈfɔrən fɪˈnænsɪŋ. əˈməŋ ˈəðər kənˈdɪʃənz, ɛŋˈgoʊz ˈgɪtɪŋ mɔr ðən ˈmɪljən ˈfɔrɪnts ə jɪr frəm əˈbrɔd wʊd hæv tɪ ˈrɛʤɪstər wɪθ ðə kɔrts ənd aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ ðɛmˈsɛlvz ɛz biɪŋ ɔn ðɛr ˈwɛbˌsaɪts ənd ˌpəblɪˈkeɪʃənz. ˈfeɪljər tɪ kəmˈplaɪ kʊd lɛd tɪ faɪnz ər tərməˈneɪʃən əv ðə grups. ðə həŋˈgɛriən ˈsɪvəl ˈlɪbərˌtiz ˈjunjən, wən əv ðə əˈfɛktɪd ɛŋˈgoʊz, sɛd ðət ðə lɔ wɑz ““devastating.”*.” ðə prəˈpoʊzəl əˈnəðər əˈtɛmpt baɪ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt tɪ ˈsaɪləns ˈpəblɪk əˈpɪnjən ɔn ˈpəblɪk matters,”*,” ðə ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən sɛd. bɪl ɪz ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪŋ. ɪt wɪl hæv ə ˈʧɪlɪŋ ˈifɛkt ɔn ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt əˈpɪnjənz ɔn ðə əˈfɛrz ənd ɪt hænz ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ə tul tɪ səˈprɛs ˈdɪfərɪŋ opinions.”*.” ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz frəm praɪm ˈmɪnɪstər ˈvɪktər ˈpɑrti sɛd ðət ðə ˈoʊnli eɪm əv ðə lɔ wɑz tɪ əˈʧiv ˈgreɪtər trænˈspɛrənsi ɪn ðə ˈsɪvəl ˈsɛktər. kleɪmz ðət səm əv ðə ɛŋˈgoʊz ɪn kˈwɛʃən, laɪk raɪts ˈædvəˌkeɪt ðə həŋˈgɛriən ˈhɛlsɪŋki kəˈmɪti ənd kərˈəpʃən ˈwɑʧˌdɔg trænˈspɛrənsi ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl, ər agents”*” ənd pɑrt əv ə ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈfaɪˌnænst baɪ ˌbɪljəˈnɛr ʤɔrʤ ˈsɔroʊs tɪ ˈɪnfluəns həŋˈgɛriən ˈpɑləˌtɪks. ˈsɔroʊs ˈɛmpaɪər sɛt aʊt tɪ prəˈmoʊt ðə kɔz əv ˈmaɪgrənts ənd mæs migration,”*,” ˈɔrbən sɛd ˈsənˌdi ɔn steɪt ˈreɪdiˌoʊ. ɪz naʊ əˈbaʊt ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti əv ðə həŋˈgɛriən ˈpipəl, ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti əv ˈhəŋgəri, ðə prəˈtɛkʃən əv ðə ˈbɔrdərz, ˈpəblɪk sɪˈkjʊrəti ənd ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm. ɔn ðɪs ðɛr kən bi noʊ compromise.”*.” ˈɔrbən ɪz ˈstɔnʧli anti-migration*, wɪθ ˈhəŋgəri ˈbɪldɪŋ ˈfɛnsɪz ɔn ɪts ˈsəðərn ˈbɔrdərz ɪn 2015 tɪ stɑp ðə floʊ əv ˈmaɪgrənts ˈpæsɪŋ θru ðə ˈkəntri ɔn ðɛr weɪ tɪ ˈwɛstərn ˈjʊrəp. ðə ˈhɛlsɪŋki kəˈmɪti, fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, həz ərnd ðə ræθ bɪˈkəz ɪt ˈɔfərz ˈligəl ˈkaʊnsəl tɪ ənd ˈrisəntli ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd tu mɛn frəm ˈbæŋləˌdɛʃ hu wən ə ˈʤəʤmənt əˈgɛnst ˈhəŋgəri æt ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən kɔrt əv ˈjumən raɪts ˈæftər ðeɪ wər ɪkˈspɛld ˌɪˈligəli tɪ ˈsərbiə ɪn 2015 ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən kəmˈpɛrd ðə ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən tɪ ˈsɪmələr rulz ˌɪntrəˈdust ɪn ˈrəʃə ənd ˈɛfərts baɪ ˈkɑmjənəst rəˈʒim, wɪʧ ˈɛndɪd ɪn 1990 lɔ nɑt ˈoʊnli wɔnts tɪ meɪk ˈɛnəmiz əv ðə ˈsɪvɪk grups bət ˈɔlsoʊ siks tɪ dɪˈstrɔɪ ðɛm morally,”*,” sɛd ʃmək əv ðə grin ˈpɑrti ˈpɑləˌtɪks kən bi ˈdɪfərənt. rɪˈlɪʤəs ənd spɔrts ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈsərtən ˈfəndɪŋ rɪˈsivd frəm ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˈjunjən wʊd bi ɪgˈzɛmpt frəm ðə lɔ, ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ bi pæst nɛkst mənθ. ðə ɛŋˈgoʊ lɔ kəmz ɔn ðə bæk əv əˈmɛndmənts tɪ ə lɔ ɔn haɪər ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən, pæst tu wiks əˈgoʊ, wɪʧ wər sin ɛz ˈtɑrgətɪŋ ˈsɛntrəl ˌjʊrəˈpiən ˌjunəˈvərsəti, ˈfaʊndɪd baɪ ˈsɔroʊs ɪn 1991 ðə juz. steɪt dɪˈpɑrtmənt, ðə həŋˈgɛriən əˈkædəmi əv ˈsaɪənsɪz, ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈhənərdz əv həŋˈgɛriən ənd ˈfɔrən ˌækəˈdɛmɪks ənd ˈdəzənz əv ˌjunəˈvərsətiz ˈproʊˌtɛstəd ðə ceu,”*,” wɪʧ ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz əˈnaʊnst ðeɪ wʊd əˈpil tɪ ðə ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl kɔrt. ðə ˈrisənt ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən həz ˈɔlsoʊ ərnd ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm frəm kənˈsərvətɪv grups ˈjuʒəwəli səˈpɔrtɪv əv ˈɔrbən ənd ˈivɪn juz. ˈbækərz əv həŋˈgɛriən ˈkɔzɪz. ðə həŋˈgɛriən ˈgəvərnmənt həz ˈʧoʊzən tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ˈɛnərʤi ɔn ðə ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən əˈtækɪŋ ɛŋˈgoʊz ənd ðə pərˈstiʤəs əˈmɛrɪkən ˌjunəˈvərsəti, ceu*, wɪʧ ɪz kˈwɪkli dɪˈtɪriərˌeɪtɪŋ baɪˈlætərəl relations,”*,” sɛd ˌmæksɪˈmɪliən teleki*, ˈprɛzɪdənt ɪˈmɛrətəs əv ðə nɑnˈprɑfət həŋˈgɛriən əˈmɛrɪkən ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən beɪst ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən. ɪz jɛt əˈnəðər ˈɛrər ðət ɪz ˈdipli kənˈsərnɪŋ tɪ ðə diaspora.”*.” ˈnumərəs ˈræliz ˈoʊvər ðə pæst wiks ɪn ˈbudəˌpɛʃt əˈpoʊzɪŋ ðə tu lɔz hæv bɪn pərˈzɛnəd baɪ ðə ˈgəvərnmənt ɛz pruf ðət dɪˈspaɪt ðə ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm əv ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋgli əˌθɔrəˈtɛriən ˈtɛndənsiz, ˈhəŋgəri rɪˈmeɪnz ə ˈhɛlθi dɪˈmɑkrəsi.

budapest, hungary (ap) hungarian lawmakers began debating a draft bill on wednesday that critics say is meant to intimidate non-governmental organizations which receive foreign financing. among other conditions, ngos getting more than 7.2 million forints ($24,600) a year from abroad would have to register with the courts and identify themselves as being foreign-funded on their websites and publications. failure to comply could lead to fines or termination of the groups. the hungarian civil liberties union, one of the affected ngos, said that the law was “devastating.” the proposal “is another attempt by the government to silence public opinion on public matters,” the organization said. “the bill … is devastating. it will have a chilling effect on independent opinions on the government’s affairs and it hands the government a tool to suppress differing opinions.” lawmakers from prime minister viktor orban’s fidesz party said that the only aim of the law was to achieve greater transparency in the civil sector. fidesz claims that some of the ngos in question, like rights advocate the hungarian helsinki committee and corruption watchdog transparency international, are “foreign agents” and part of a network financed by billionaire george soros to influence hungarian politics. “the soros empire set out to promote the cause of migrants and mass migration,” orban said sunday on state radio. “this is now about the security of the hungarian people, the security of hungary, the protection of the borders, public security and terrorism. on this there can be no compromise.” orban is staunchly anti-migration, with hungary building razor-wire fences on its southern borders in 2015 to stop the flow of migrants passing through the country on their way to western europe. the helsinki committee, for example, has earned the government’s wrath because it offers legal counsel to asylum-seekers and recently represented two men from bangladesh who won a judgment against hungary at the european court of human rights after they were expelled illegally to serbia in 2015. members of the opposition compared the legislation to similar rules introduced in russia and efforts by hungary’s communist regime, which ended in 1990. “this law not only wants to make enemies of the civic groups but also seeks to destroy them morally,” said erzsebet schmuck of the green party politics can be different. religious and sports organizations, as well as certain funding received from the european union would be exempt from the law, expected to be passed next month. the ngo law comes on the back of amendments to a law on higher education, passed two weeks ago, which were seen as targeting budapest-based central european university, founded by soros in 1991. the u.s. state department, the hungarian academy of sciences, as well as hundreds of hungarian and foreign academics and dozens of universities protested the “lex ceu,” which opposition lawmakers announced they would appeal to the constitutional court. the recent legislation has also earned criticism from conservative groups usually supportive of orban and even u.s. backers of hungarian causes. “regrettably … the hungarian government has chosen to focus energy on the ill-conceived legislation attacking ngos and the prestigious american university, ceu, which is quickly deteriorating bilateral relations,” said maximilian teleki, president emeritus of the nonprofit hungarian american coalition based in washington. “this is yet another unforced error that is deeply concerning to the hungarian-american diaspora.” numerous rallies over the past weeks in budapest opposing the two laws have been presented by the government as proof that despite the opposition’s criticism of orban’s increasingly authoritarian tendencies, hungary remains a healthy democracy.

noʊ ˈɛvədəns həz ˈimərʤd ðət ˈmɪstər. hæd ˈɛni kəˈnɛkʃən ər əˈliʤəns tɪ ˈrædɪkəl ˌaɪdiˈɑləʤi. ðoʊ noʊ ˈtɛrərɪst grup hæd kleɪmd riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti fər ðə əˈtæk, ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk steɪt wɑz ˈəpˌdeɪtɪŋ ɪts ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈɔdiənsəz ɔn ðə ˈræmˌpeɪʤ ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ. boʊθ ðə ənd ðə naɪf əˈtæks ər naʊ ɪˈstæblɪʃt fɔrmz əv əˈgrɛʃən ˌɪnˈspaɪərd baɪ ðə ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk steɪt. ən əˈtækər ɪn nis, fræns, juzd ə dɪˈlɪvəri trək tɪ kɪl ˈdəzənz əv pəˈdɛstriənz ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ, ənd ʧæts bɪtˈwin ən əˈtækər ɪn würzburg*, ˈʤərməni, ənd hɪz ˌɪzˈlɑmɪk steɪt ˈhændələr ˈɪndəˌkeɪt hi wɑz ˌɪˈnɪʃəli toʊld tɪ juz ə kɑr tɪ ˈkɛri aʊt hɪz əˈsɔlt ðət seɪm mənθ, ˌbiˈfɔr hi ˈsɛtəld ɔn ˈjuzɪŋ ən æks bɪˈkəz hi dɪd nɑt hæv ə ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˈpərˌmɪt. ðə əˈθɔrətiz ɪn oʊˈhaɪoʊ sɛd ðət ɪt wɑz tu sun tɪ noʊ wət hæd ˈmoʊtəˌveɪtəd ˈmɪstər., bət ðət ɪt wɑz klɪr ðə əˈtæk hæd bɪn dɪˈlɪbərˌeɪt. ˈmɪstər. kəˈləmbəs hoʊm wɑz sərˈaʊndɪd baɪ skwɑd kɑz, kraɪm sin teɪp ənd ə bɔm skwɑd trək ɔn ˈmənˌdeɪ ˌæftərˈnun, ənd pəˈlis əˈfɪʃəlz sɛd ðeɪ wər ˈweɪtɪŋ fər ə sərʧ ˈwɔrənt. wɑz dən ɔn purpose,”*,” sɛd ʧif kreɪg stoʊn əv ðə oʊˈhaɪoʊ steɪt ˌjunəˈvərsəti pəˈlis. goʊ ˈoʊvər ðə kərb ənd straɪk pəˈdɛstriənz ənd ðɛn gɪt aʊt ənd stɑrt ˈstraɪkɪŋ wɪθ ðə naɪf ðət wɑz ɔn purpose.”*.” ðə əˈtæk, ˌɪˈnɪʃəli ˌriˈpɔrtəd ɛz ən shooter”*” baɪ ðə ˌjunəˈvərsəti, stənd ˈstudənts hu wər rɪˈtərnɪŋ tɪ klæs ˈæftər ˌθæŋksˈgɪvɪŋ breɪk, ˈlidɪŋ tɪ ə ˈwɔrnɪŋ ənd ən ˌædməˈnɪʃən frəm ˈkæmpəs əˈfɪʃəlz tɪ haɪd fight.”*.”

no evidence has emerged that mr. artan had any connection or allegiance to radical ideology. though no terrorist group had claimed responsibility for the attack, the islamic state was updating its online audiences on the rampage on monday. both the car-ramming and the knife attacks are now established forms of aggression inspired by the islamic state. an attacker in nice, france, used a delivery truck to kill dozens of pedestrians in july, and chats between an attacker in würzburg, germany, and his islamic state handler indicate he was initially told to use a car to carry out his assault that same month, before he settled on using an ax because he did not have a driving permit. the authorities in ohio said that it was too soon to know what had motivated mr. artan, but that it was clear the attack had been deliberate. mr. artan’s columbus home was surrounded by squad cars, crime scene tape and a bomb squad truck on monday afternoon, and police officials said they were waiting for a search warrant. “this was done on purpose,” said chief craig stone of the ohio state university police. “to go over the curb and strike pedestrians and then get out and start striking with the knife — that was on purpose.” the attack, initially reported as an “active shooter” by the university, stunned students who were returning to class after thanksgiving break, leading to a 90-minute shelter-in-place warning and an admonition from campus officials to “run hide fight.”

ˈəpˌdeɪtɪd: meɪ 13 æt a.m*. ðɪs ˈstɔri ɪz ə hɪt ɪn ðə tri-states*. ˈfɪlɪp ˈhændli sɛd ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk peɪʤ, "ʤɪst sɔ ɪm ɔn ˈbrɔdˌweɪ ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ, ənd hæv bɪn siɪŋ ɪm fər jɪrz. ˈɔlˌweɪz ˈwəndərd hu hi wɑz. greɪt ˈstɔri." maɪk praɪs sɛd, "ˈsəmˌwən ʃʊd sɛnd ðɪs ˈstɔri tɪ ˈɛlən!!!!!" wi hæv ɔˈrɛdi ˈpoʊstɪd ðɪs ˈstɔri tɪ ˈɛlənz ˈfeɪsˌbʊk peɪʤ hir ə fju taɪmz, bət wi wʊd ləv tɪ ɪnˈkərəʤ mɔr foʊks ɪn ɑr ˈɛriə tɪ du ðə seɪm! wi θɪŋk ˈɛlən wʊd ʤɪst ləv ˈlɛri! goʊ ˈlɛri goʊ! wiv hərd frəm ˈmɛni əv ɑr ˈfeɪsˌbʊk fænz əˈbaʊt ə mæn hu ˈdænsɪz hɪz weɪ θru laɪf, wɛˈrɛvər hi goʊz. ˈlɛri noʊn baɪ moʊst ɛz kˈwɪnsiz ˈdænsɪŋ mæn. hæv ju sin ɪm? ər ju ˈkjʊriəs tɪ noʊ mɔr? klɪk hir tɪ ˈvɪzɪt ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt dɪˈvoʊtɪd tɪ ˈlɛri ənd fil fri tɪ liv jʊr ˈkɑmɛnts ˈiðər bɪˈloʊ ər ɔn ɑr ˈfeɪsˌbʊk fæn peɪʤ hir. "ˈjuʒəwəli aɪ hæv ˈspɛʃəl mˈjuzɪk aɪ ˈlɪsən tɪ. maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt rɑk grup ɪz ac/dc*. ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ɪts danceable*. aɪ kən dæns tɪ mˈjuzɪk, 60's*, 70's*. ðə wən aɪ wɑz ˈdænsɪŋ tɪ ˈkəmɪŋ əp ðə strit ɪz ə nu ˈteɪlər swɪft sɔŋ," sɛd. ˈlɛriz kɛpt ðə mˈjuzɪk əˈlaɪv ɪn kˈwɪnsi fər ðə læst 43 jɪrz. "maɪ ˈdænsɪŋ ɪz wən əv ðə θɪŋz aɪl ˈtrɪbjut tɪ ˈmitɪŋ maɪ waɪf əv 23 jɪrz, ˌbiˈfɔr ənˈfɔrʧənətli aɪ lɔst hər tɪ lukemia*. bət ʃi ləvd maɪ ˈdænsɪŋ. ðɛr ˈwəzənt ə naɪt kləb ɪn taʊn aɪ ˈdɪdənt noʊ əˈbaʊt. aɪd gɪt ɔn ðə dæns flɔr, ðeɪd gɪv mi maɪ speɪs ənd wɔʧ mi teɪk kɛr əv ˈbɪznɪs. ˈpipəl stɑpt ˈdænsɪŋ ʤɪst soʊ ðeɪ kʊd wɔʧ doʊnt ˈwɑnə bloʊ maɪ hɔrn, bət aɪ θɔt aɪ wɑz ˈprɪti gʊd," sɛd. æt 61 jɪrz jəŋ, ˈdænsɪŋ ɪz wət kips ˈlɛri ɔn hɪz fit. "ɪf aɪ sɪt æt hoʊm ɔl ðə taɪm, maɪ niz wɪl swɛl. soʊ ɛz lɔŋ ɛz aɪ gɪt aʊt wəns ər twaɪs ə deɪ, əm gʊd tɪ goʊ," sɛd. bət ðə ˈdænsɪŋ ˈdəzənt stɑp wɪn hi gɪts hoʊm. ðæts wɛr hi hɪz muvz. "aɪl gɪt aʊt ɪn ˈwɪntər ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈsəmər. aɪv ˈɔlˌweɪz toʊld ˌmaɪˈsɛlf, əm ðə mæn. əm səˈpoʊzd tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈhændəl ðiz ðæts wət aɪ du. aɪ gɪt maɪ dæns ɔn, aɪ gɪt maɪ ˈɛksərˌsaɪz ənd ˈpipəl ˈdraɪvɪŋ baɪ gɪt ə ˈlɪtəl ˌɛnərˈteɪnmənt," sɛd. ˈbætəld ɪt aʊt wɪθ ˈɛniˌwən? wən dɪd ðɛr ˈrɛpərtˌwɑr ənd aɪ dɪd maɪ ˈrɛpərtˌwɑr. ˈnidləs tɪ seɪ, ðeɪ gɑt bud ɔf ðə steɪʤ," sɛd. soʊ fər naʊ, ˈlɛri wɪl kənˈtɪnju tɪ dæns θru laɪf ənˈtɪl ðə deɪ hi ˌriuˈnaɪts wɪθ hɪz wən ənd ˈoʊnli dæns ˈpɑrtnər. "aɪ laɪk tɪ θɪŋk maɪ waɪf, ˈɛvəri naʊ ənd ðɛn, ɪz ˈlʊkɪŋ daʊn æt mi ənd ˈkæʧɪŋ ðə ʃoʊ," sɛd. wi æst ɪf hid ˈɛvər kənˈsɪdərd ˈəpˌgreɪdɪŋ hɪz kəˈsɛt pleɪər tɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ mɔr ˌhaɪˈtɛk, bət hi kənˈsɪdərz hɪz pleɪər ə ˈləgʒəri fər naʊ ənd sɪz ðə ˈfaɪˌnænsɪz ʤɪst ˈɑrənt ðɛr fər ˈsəmθɪŋ nu.

updated: may 13 at 10:55 a.m. this story is a hit in the tri-states. phillip handley said on khqa's facebook page, "just saw him on broadway saturday, and have been seeing him for years. always wondered who he was. great story." mike price said, "someone should send this story to ellen!!!!!" we have already posted this story to ellen's facebook page here a few times, but we would love to encourage more folks in our area to do the same! we think ellen would just love larry toolate! go larry go! ---------------- we've heard from many of our facebook fans about a man who dances his way through life, wherever he goes. larry toolate's known by most as quincy's dancing man. have you seen him? are you curious to know more? click here to visit a website devoted to larry and feel free to leave your comments either below or on our facebook fan page here. "usually i have special music i listen to. my favorite rock group is ac/dc. as long as it's danceable. i can dance to 50's music, 60's, 70's. the one i was dancing to coming up the street is a new taylor swift song," said toolate. larry's kept the music alive in quincy for the last 43 years. "my dancing is one of the things i'll tribute to meeting my wife of 23 years, before unfortunately i lost her to lukemia. but she loved my dancing. there wasn't a night club in town i didn't know about. i'd get on the dance floor, they'd give me my space and watch me take care of business. people stopped dancing just so they could watch me.i don't wanna blow my horn, but i thought i was pretty good," said toolate. at 61 years young, dancing is what keeps larry on his feet. "if i sit at home all the time, my knees will swell. so as long as i get out once or twice a day, i'm good to go," said toolate. but the dancing doesn't stop when he gets home. that's where he choreographs his moves. "i'll get out in winter as well as summer. i've always told myself, i'm the man. i'm supposed to be able to handle these things.so that's what i do. i get my dance on, i get my exercise and people driving by get a little entertainment," said toolate. battled it out with anyone? "yea...in one instance...they did their repertoire and i did my repertoire. needless to say, they got booed off the stage," said toolate. so for now, larry will continue to dance through life until the day he reunites with his one and only dance partner. "i like to think my wife, every now and then, is looking down at me and catching the show," said toolate. we asked toolate if he'd ever considered upgrading his cassette player to something more high-tech, but he considers his player a luxury for now and says the finances just aren't there for something new.

ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˈgɛti ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkæpʃən ˈɔfɪsərz seɪ ðeɪ ˈkænɑt rul aʊt ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti əv ˈfaɪndɪŋ ˈfərðər ˈvɪktɪmz pəˈlis ɪn ˈʤərməni ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ðə dɛθs əv tu ˈwɪmən seɪ ðeɪ wər ðə ˈvɪktɪmz əv ə ˈkəpəl hu hɛld ðɛm ˈhɑstɪʤ ənd ˈtɔrʧərd ðɛm. ðeɪ seɪ ə mæn ənd hɪz ˈɛksˈwaɪf pleɪst ˈdeɪtɪŋ ˈædvərˌtaɪzmənts tɪ lʊr ðə ˈwɪmən tɪ ðɛr hoʊm. ðə ˈsəˌspɛkts ˈwɪlfrid ˈdəbəlju, 46 ənd ænˈʤɛˌlɪkə bi, 47 wər ərˈɛstɪd læst ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ənd ʧɑrʤd wɪθ ˈmænsˌlɔtər. ðə mæn dɪˈnaɪz ˈɛni ˈrɔŋduɪŋ bət hɪz ˈpɑrtnər ɪz ˌriˈpɔrtəd tɪ hæv kənˈfɛst. ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ˈpɪkʧər ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkæpʃən ˈwɪlfrid ˈdəbəlju ɪz sɛd tɪ hæv pleɪst ædz ɪn ˈnuzˌpeɪpərz tɪ lʊr ˈwɪmən dɪˈtɛktɪvz bɪˈliv ðɛr meɪ bi ˈfərðər ˈvɪktɪmz ənd ər ˈsərʧɪŋ ðə ˈkəpəlz hoʊm ɪn, ˈʤərməni. ðə fərst keɪs pəˈlis hæv fər wiks bɪn ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ðə dɛθ əv ə ˈwʊmən, noʊn ɛz ˌsuˈzæn ɛf, hu ðeɪ bɪˈliv wɑz hɛld ˈhɑstɪʤ ənd ˈtɔrʧərd ɪn ðə ˈkəpəlz ˈrɛzɪdəns. ðət keɪs keɪm tɪ laɪt wɪn ðə ˈkəpəl əˈlɛʤədli traɪd tɪ draɪv ðə ˈbædli ˈɪnʤərd ˈwʊmən tɪ hər hoʊm ɪn loʊər ˈsæksəni ɪn ˈeɪprəl. bət ðɛr kɑr broʊk daʊn ənd ɛz ðeɪ ˈweɪtɪd fər ə ˈtæksi, ðə ˈwʊmənz hɛlθ dɪˈtɪriərˌeɪtɪd. ðeɪ kɔld ən ˈæmbjələns, bət ðə ˈwʊmən daɪd ˈleɪtər ɪn ˈhɑˌspɪtəl, wɛr səˈspɪʃənz əˈbaʊt hər ˈɪnʤəriz əroʊz ənd ðə pəˈlis wər wɔrnd. 'ˈsɪriəs ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈtɔrʧər' æt ə nuz ˈkɑnfərəns ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ, pəˈlis sɛd ðeɪ naʊ bɪˈlivd ðə ˈkəpəl hæd kɪld ənd dɪsˈmɛmbərd əˈnəðər jəŋ ˈwʊmən ˌbiˈfɔr dɪˈspoʊzɪŋ əv hər rɪˈmeɪnz ɪn ðɛr ˈfaɪərˌpleɪs. ˈdəbəlju, 33 ˈɔlsoʊ frəm loʊər ˈsæksəni, daɪd ɪn ˈɔgəst 2014 laɪk suˈzæn ɛf, ʃi hæd rɪˈspɑndɪd tɪ ə ˈdeɪtɪŋ ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt ɪn leɪt 2013 "ðə ˈvɪktɪm ˈsəfərd əˈgɛn ənd əˈgɛn frəm ˈvɛri ˈsɪriəs ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈtɔrʧər laɪk biɪŋ hɪt ɔl ˈoʊvər ðə ˈbɑdi, ʧeɪnd tɪ ˈhitərz, biɪŋ ɛnsˈleɪvd ənd ˈbitən," ʧif ˈprɑsɪˌkjutər rɑlf maɪər toʊld ə nuz ˈkɑnfərəns. "ˈsəmˌtaɪmz ðə ˈvɪktɪm hæd tɪ slip ɔn ðə bɛr flɔr əv koʊld rumz. hɛns, hər ˈfɪzɪkəl kənˈdɪʃən bɪˈkeɪm wərs ənd wərs." hi sɛd ðət ɪn ˈsəmər 2014 ðə ˈvɪktɪm riʧt ə ˈlaɪfθˌrɛtnɪŋ steɪt, ɛz ə ˈkɑnsəkwəns əv wɪʧ ʃi daɪd ɔn 1 ˈɔgəst, 2014 ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkɑpiˌraɪt ˈgɛti ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈɪmɪʤ ˈkæpʃən pəˈlis ər ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ kleɪmz ðət ə θərd ˈwʊmən meɪ hæv daɪd ɪn ðə haʊs ɪn pəˈlis bɪˈliv ðə ˈmoʊtɪv fər ðə ˈmərdərz wɑz mɔr ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi ðən ˈsɛkʃuəl. ænˈʤɛˌlɪkə bi ɪz ˌriˈpɔrtəd tɪ hæv meɪd ə fʊl kənˈfɛʃən, ˈɑrgjuɪŋ ðət ʃi ˈoʊnli oʊˈbeɪd ðə mæn ˈæftər ˈɔlsoʊ biɪŋ ˈtɔrʧərd baɪ ɪm. ˈfərðər ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃənz ər sɛd tɪ səˈpɔrt hər ˈsteɪtmənt. ðə hɛd əv ðə ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən, rɑlf oestermann*, sɛd ˈɔfɪsərz wər kənˈdəktɪŋ ə dɪˈteɪld ˌfɔˈrɛnsɪk ɪgˌzæməˈneɪʃən əv ðə haʊs. "wi ˈkænɑt ˈtoʊtəli ɪkˈsklud ðə ˈpɑsəbli ðət əˈnəðər ˈwʊmən daɪd ðɛr," hi toʊld rɪˈpɔrtərz. ðə fʊl neɪmz əv ðoʊz ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə keɪs hæv nɑt bɪn riˈlist wɪθ ˈʤərmən ˈpraɪvəsi lɔz.

image copyright getty images image caption officers say they cannot rule out the possibility of finding further victims police in germany investigating the deaths of two women say they were the victims of a couple who held them hostage and tortured them. they say a man and his ex-wife placed dating advertisements to lure the women to their home. the suspects - wilfried w, 46, and angelika b, 47 - were arrested last wednesday and charged with manslaughter. the man denies any wrongdoing but his partner is reported to have confessed. image copyright facebook picture image caption wilfried w is said to have placed ads in newspapers to lure women detectives believe there may be further victims and are searching the couple's home in hoexter, north-western germany. the first case police have for weeks been investigating the death of a 41-year-old woman, known as susanne f, who they believe was held hostage and tortured in the couple's residence. that case came to light when the couple allegedly tried to drive the badly injured woman to her home in lower saxony in april. but their car broke down and as they waited for a taxi, the woman's health deteriorated. they called an ambulance, but the woman died later in hospital, where suspicions about her injuries arose and the police were warned. 'serious physical torture' at a news conference on tuesday, police said they now believed the couple had killed and dismembered another young woman before disposing of her remains in their fireplace. annika w, 33, also from lower saxony, died in august 2014. like suzanne f, she had responded to a dating advertisement in late 2013. "the victim suffered again and again from very serious physical torture like being hit all over the body, chained to heaters, being enslaved and beaten," chief prosecutor ralf meyer told a news conference. "sometimes the victim had to sleep on the bare floor of cold rooms. hence, her physical condition became worse and worse." he said that in summer 2014, the victim reached a life-threatening state, as a consequence of which she died on 1 august, 2014. image copyright getty images image caption police are investigating claims that a third woman may have died in the house in hoexter police believe the motive for the murders was more likely to be power-related than sexual. angelika b is reported to have made a full confession, arguing that she only obeyed the man after also being tortured by him. further investigations are said to support her statement. the head of the investigation, ralf oestermann, said officers were conducting a detailed forensic examination of the house. "we cannot totally exclude the possibly that another woman died there," he told reporters. the full names of those involved in the case have not been released inline with german privacy laws.

aɪ meɪd ə dil wɪθ ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ə lɔŋ taɪm əˈgoʊ: maɪ ˈkɑləm ˈnidɪd tɪ ˈkæpʧər ðə θɪŋz aɪ dɪˈskəs wɪθ maɪ frɛndz. læst wik, aɪ ˈriəˌlaɪzd ðət ˈtoʊtəli ˈhæpənɪŋ ˌɛniˈmɔr. ˈsəmθɪŋ əv ə dɪskəˈnɛkt hæd ˈimərʤd bɪtˈwin maɪ ˈpraɪvət ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz ənd ðə θɪŋz aɪ roʊt fər grantland/espn*. ɪn ˈɛsəns, aɪ hæd tərnd ˈɪntu tu ˈpipəl. spɔrts fæn mi, ənd mi. spɔrts fæn mi ɪz ˈkændɪd, ˈʤeɪdɪd, səˈspɪʃəs əv ˈɛvriˌwən. spɔrts fæn mi rɪˈpitɪdli gɪts ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ˈɑrgjəmənts ənd ˈiˌmeɪl ʧeɪnz ˈsɛntərd ɔn ðə kˈwɛʃən, ju θɪŋk cheating?”*?” spɔrts fæn mi həz ˈgugəld athletes’*’ hɛdz ənd jawlines*, ˈstədid ðɛr ˈsaɪzɪz, ðɛn meɪld ˈpɪkʧərz tɪ frɛndz wɪθ ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt ˈhɛdɪŋ, ðɪs out.”*.” spɔrts fæn mi həz ˈlərnɪd tɪ trəst hɪz ˈɪnər ʃɪt dɪˈtɛktər, tɪ sˈwɪftli kˈwɛʃən ˈɛni əˈkɑmplɪʃmənt ðət simz ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ər ˌsupərˈhjumən. spɔrts fæn mi heɪts ðət hi filz ðɪs weɪ, bət hi dɪz, ənd ʤɪst noʊ weɪ əraʊnd ɪt. mi stɪks hɪz hɛd ɪn ðə sænd ənd seɪ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ. mi ɔˈkeɪʒənəˌli ˈpʊʃɪz ˈnɛrətɪvz ðət hi ˈtoʊtəli bɪˈliv ɪn. mi hæv ðə bɔlz tɪ rən tu ˈiˌmeɪlz ðət əˈbaʊt tɪ rɛd. ðeɪ ˈnɪrli ˈlændɪd ɪn iʧ əv maɪ læst fɔr ˈmeɪlˌbægz. iʧ taɪm, aɪ pʊld boʊθ ˈiˌmeɪlz (ənd maɪ rɪˈspɑnsɪz) frəm ðoʊz ˈkɑləmz æt ðə læst ˈmɪnət. ˈiˌmeɪl noʊ. 1 (frəm ˈdeɪvɪd bi. ɪn ˈkɑnˌkɔrd, nɔrθ ˌkɛrəˈlaɪnə): ˈɛniˌwən kˈwɛsʧənɪŋ reɪ mərˈækjələs rɪˈkəvəri frəm ə tɔrn ˈtraɪˌsɛps ˈməsəl? æt eɪʤ 37 nɑt ˈoʊnli dɪd hi rɪˈkəvər ɪn 10 wiks frəm ən ˈɪnʤəri ðət ˈjuʒəwəli teɪks 6 mənθs ˈmɪnəməm fər rɪˈkəvəri, bət, əˈpɑn rɪˈtərnɪŋ, hi pleɪd æt ə haɪər ˈlɛvəl ðən ˌbiˈfɔr hi wɑz ˈɪnʤərd. ər spɔrts ‘‘journalists’*’ ˌɪnˈkeɪpəbəl əv ˈlərnɪŋ frəm ðɛr oʊn mɪˈsteɪks (wi ʤɪst hæd boʊθ ðə ˈbeɪsˈbɔl hɑf voʊt ənd læns ədˈmɪtɪŋ tɪ stərɔɪd juz), ər ɪz ðə spɔrt ʤɪst ˈbɪgər ðən ðə truth?”*?” ˈiˌmeɪl noʊ. 2 (frəm bɛn ˈmɪlər ɪn fɔrt wərθ, ˈtɛksəs): əv bɪˌjɔnˈseɪ, ʃʊd wi ʧeɪnʤ ðə ˈsupər boʊl ˈhæfˌtaɪm ʃoʊ tɪ ʤɪst ˈeɪdriən ˈpitərsən ˈpɪˌsɪŋ ɪn ə kəp æt midfield*? ju ʤɪst tɔkt əˈbaʊt haʊ dəm wi ɔl lʊk ɪn ˈhaɪnˌsaɪt wɪn ðiz ˈsupər ˈjumən ˈbeɪsˈbɔl stɑrz wər ˈʃætərɪŋ ˈrɛkərdz. ˈpitərsən ˈnɪrli broʊk ə 28 jɪr oʊld ˈrɛkərd ɪn wən əv ðə moʊst pəˈzɪʃənz ɪn spɔrts lɛs ðən 12 mənθs ˈæftər ˈtɪrɪŋ hɪz mcl*!!! rɪˈspɛkt ðə hɛl aʊt əv ðə gaɪ ənd ləv hɪz ɪkˈstrim wərk ˈɛθɪk, bət θɪŋk əˈbaʊt 70 naʊ θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ɪt ˈhæpənɪŋ lɛs ðən 12 mənθs ˈæftər ˈtɪrɪŋ ə pec*. wi ˈprɑbəˌbli kɔl ˈivɪn bæk ðɛn æt ðət pɔɪnt. ju meɪ wɔnt tɪ teɪk ə koʊld ʃaʊər ənd ðɛn ˈmɛnʃən ɪt ɪn ə ˈkɑləm ʤɪst ɪn case.”*.” spɔrts fæn mi spɛnt moʊst əv noʊˈvɛmbər ənd dɪˈsɛmbər dəˈbeɪtɪŋ ðə ˈtɑpɪks wɪθ frɛndz ənd ˈkoʊˈwərkərz, soʊ spɔrts fæn mi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ rən ðoʊz ˈiˌmeɪlz. mi ˌoʊvərˈruld ɪm, bɪˈlivɪŋ ɪt wɑz ˌɔnˈfɛr tɪ ˈspɛkjəˌleɪt wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛni ril pruf ˈivɪn ðoʊ ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃən həz bɪˈkəm ɛz bɪg ə pɑrt əv spɔrts ɛz ˈpərʧəsɪŋ ˈtɪkɪts ər baɪɪŋ ə ˈrɛplɪkə ˈʤərzi. ðə dɪskəˈnɛkt. ˌbiˈfɔr ðoʊz maɪˈæmi nu ˈɪləˌstreɪtɪd ˈbɑmˌʃɛlz drɑpt ðɪs wik ənd wi ˈstɑrtɪd ˈʤoʊkɪŋ əˈbaʊt spreɪ, aɪ wʊd hæv ˈweɪʤərd ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ðət gɑd mərˈækjələsli hil reɪ tɔrn tricep*. aɪ ˈnɛvər ˈæˌkʧuəli roʊt ðɪs. əˈludəd tɪ ɪt, dænst əraʊnd ɪt, ʤoʊkt əˈbaʊt ɪt ʤɪst ˈnɛvər ˈæˌkʧuəli keɪm aʊt ənd roʊt ɪt. aɪ steɪd əˈweɪ frəm ˈpitərsən ʤoʊks fər ə ˈdɪfərənt ˈrizən: hɪz hɪˈstɔrɪk ˈkəmˌbæk (ənd hɪˈstɔrɪkəli greɪt ˈsizən) simd kənˈsivəbəl. ɔl deɪ maɪt bi ə frik əv ˈneɪʧər, ənd ɪf ju teɪk ˈdɑktər. ʤeɪmz ˈænˌdruz æt hɪz wərd, ðə ˌɪnˈsaɪd əv ni rɪˈzɛmbəld ə ˈnubɔrn ni ˈivɪn ˈæftər sɪks ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl ˈsizənz. ˈwɑʧɪŋ ˈpitərsən rɪˈgeɪn hɪz oʊld fɔrm ˈɛni mɔr ðən, seɪ, ˈpeɪtən ˈmænɪŋ rɪˈgeɪnɪŋ hɪz oʊld fɔrm æt eɪʤ 36 ˈæftər fɔr nɛk ˈsərʤəriz. ðɛn əˈgɛn, aɪ laɪk ˈeɪdriən ˈpitərsən. aɪ θɔt ˈwɑʧɪŋ ɪm ˈkɛri ˈfʊtˌbɔlz wɑz ʤɪst əˈbaʊt ðə moʊst ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ θɪŋ ðət ˈhæpənd læst jɪr. aɪ laɪkt ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ˈsəmθɪŋ əv ə ˈfænəsi wərld ɪn wɪʧ ɑr ˈhɪroʊ gɪts meɪmd, dɪˈfaɪz ðə ɑdz, ənd rɪˈtərnz ˈbɛtər ðən ˈɛvər (ənd ˈsunər ðən wi ˈɛvər ˌɪˈmæʤənd). aɪ ˈwɔntɪd tɪ bɪˈliv ɪn ðə ˈnoʊʃən ðət ˈsəmˌwən kʊd bi ˈnoʊtɪsəbli ˈbɛtər æt pleɪɪŋ ˈrənɪŋ bæk ðən ˈɛniˌwən ɛls. aɪ ləvd ðə θɔt əv ˈtɛlɪŋ maɪ ˈgrænˌkɪdz ˈsəmˌdeɪ, ““yes*, aɪ wɑz ðɛr fər ˈeɪdriən peterson.”*.” wɪl aɪ lʊk bæk æt rɪˈmɑrkəbəl ˈsizən ˈsəmˌdeɪ ənd seɪ, ““god*, haʊ dɪd wi nɑt noʊ? haʊ ˈstupɪd wər we?”*?” aɪ seɪ noʊ. bət aɪ noʊ fər ʃʊr. ənd ðə ˈprɑbləm. ðɛr ɪz noʊ səʧ θɪŋ ɛz ˈbɛnəfɪt əv ðə doubt”*” ˌɛniˈmɔr. nɑt ɪn spɔrts. tu ˈmɛni ˈpipəl tʊk ædˈvæntɪʤ. ɔl ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts ər gɔn. ə fju wiks əˈgoʊ, wi ˈfɪnɪʃt ə ˈbeɪsˈbɔl hɔl əv feɪm ˈvoʊtɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪn wɪʧ ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi wɑz səˈlɛktɪd. nɑt ə ˈsɪŋgəl gaɪ. kip ɪn maɪnd, ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ stɑrz wər ˈɛlɪʤəbəl: wən əv ðə ˈgreɪtəst ˈaʊtˌfildərz ˈɛvər, wən əv ðə ˈgreɪtəst ˈstɑrtɪŋ ˈpɪʧərz ˈɛvər, tu əv ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ sˈləgərz ˈɛvər, wən əv ðə ˈgreɪtəst əˈfɛnsɪv fərst ˈɛvər, ðə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈgreɪtəst əˈfɛnsɪv ˈkæˌʧər ˈɛvər, ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə rən kləb, ənd ˈsəmˌwən hu riʧt beɪs mɔr ðən ˈɛniˌwən ɪn ˈhɪstəri ɪkˈsɛpt fər 17 pleɪərz. nən əv ðɛm meɪd ɪt tɪ ˈkupərzˌtaʊn. faɪv wər ʃənd bɪˈkəz wi wər ˈgɪtɪŋ bæk æt ðɛm ðeɪ ˈʧitɪd, ðeɪ bərnd ˈjuˈɛs, ðeɪ lɛt ˈjuˈɛs daʊn. tu wər ˈbaɪˌpæst bɪˈkəz əv ˌsərkəmˈstænʃəl ˈɛvədəns wi wər ˈprɪti ʃʊr ðeɪ ˈʧitɪd, ənd sɪns ðeɪ ˈnɛvər dɪˈfɛndɪd ðɛmˈsɛlvz ðət ˈpæʃənətli, ðeɪ wər aʊt. ðə læst gaɪ mɪst aʊt bɪˈkəz əv ɑr ˈæŋgər təˈwɔrd ðə ˈəðər ˈsɛvən gaɪz, ənd bɪˈkəz ə ˈbeɪsˈbɔl ˈraɪtərz kip ˈstəbərnli prəˈtɛktɪŋ ə ˈfænəsi wərld ðət noʊ ˈlɔŋgər ɪgˈzɪsts. ˈrɪli, ðoʊz snəbz wər ˈdrɪvən baɪ ɑr rɪˈzɪʤuəl gɪlt əˈbaʊt wət wi du ˈdʊrɪŋ stərɔɪd bum. wi ˌɪgˈnɔrd ðɛr sˈwoʊlən ənd ˈrɪpəlɪŋ ˈbaɪˌsɛps. wi feɪzd baɪ ˈsimɪŋli ˌɪnəkˈsplɪkəbəl ˈsərʤɪz ɪn pərˈdəkʃən, ər ˈivɪn ˈsəmθɪŋ ɛz ˌfəndəˈmɛnəli pərˈplɛksɪŋ ɛz ə ˈdəbəlz ˈhɪtər ˈsədənli ˈhɪtɪŋ ˈhoʊmərz. wi ʤɪst lʊk ðə ˈəðər weɪ; wi θru ˈhɛvi ˈbərˌlæp bægz ˈoʊvər ɑr hɛdz ənd teɪpt ɑr ˈaɪˌbɔlz ʃət. ənd bɪˈkəz wi ˈnɛvər stɛpt əp, ðoʊz ˈɛnərˌpraɪzɪŋ ˈbeɪsˈbɔl ənd ruɪnd wən əv ɪts moʊst ˈseɪkrɪd kˈwɑlətiz: ðə ˈhoʊli juˈnik weɪ ðət eɪt ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃənz əv pleɪərz rɪˈleɪt tɪ wən əˈnəðər θru stəˈtɪstɪks ənd ˈrɛkərdz. hir, lʊk. hoʊm rən ˈlidərz baɪ ˈsizən pleɪər eɪʤ hoʊm rənz jɪr ˈbɛri bɑndz 36 73 2001 mɑrk məgˈwaɪər 34 70 1998 ˈsæmi ˈsoʊsə 29 66 1998 mɑrk məgˈwaɪər 35 65 1999 ˈsæmi ˈsoʊsə 32 64 2001 ˈsæmi ˈsoʊsə 30 63 1999 ˈrɑʤər ˈmɑrɪs 26 61 1961 beɪb ruθ 32 60 1927 beɪb ruθ 26 59 1921 ˈʤɪmi fɑks 24 58 1932 ðət lɪst ɪz dɛd. ɪt minz ˈnəθɪŋ. ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃən meɪd ɪt ˌfəndəˈmɛnəli ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl tɪ pʊt paʊər ˈnəmbərz ˈɪntu ˈkɑntɛkst fər ðə rɛst əv ɪˈtərnəti, ˈbeɪsɪkli. ənd ðeɪ dɪd mɔr ˈdæmɪʤ ðən ðət. ðɪs pæst ˈkrɪsməs iv, maɪ sən ənd ˈdɔtər meɪd ˈsænə ˈkʊkiz, roʊt ɪm ə ˈlɛtər, ˈivɪn lɛft fɔr ˈkɛrəts fər hɪz ˈreɪnˌdɪr. ɛz wi wər ˈpʊtɪŋ ðɛm tɪ bɛd, aɪ rɪˈmɛmbər ˈθɪŋkɪŋ, mæn, aɪ wɪʃ ðeɪ kʊd ˈɔlˌweɪz steɪ laɪk ðɪs. ənd baɪ ““this,”*,” aɪ ˈrɪli mɛnt, aɪ wɪʃ ðeɪ kʊd ˈɔlˌweɪz ʤɪst ˈblaɪndli bɪˈliv ɪn θɪŋz biɪŋ tru dɪˈspaɪt ˈmaʊntɪŋ ˈɛvədəns əˈgɛnst ðɛm. fər ˌwəˈtɛvər ˈrizən, ðət meɪd mi θɪŋk əv læns ˈɑrmˌstrɔŋ. wɑz ðɛr ˈivɪn ə ˈdɪfərəns? ɑr kɪdz hæv ˈsænə; wi hæv læns ənd ˈbɛri ənd ənd ˈɛvriˌwən ɛls. wɪn læns klɪnʧt ðə ˈɛspi fər ˈpɑmpəs ənd ˌənəˌpɑləˈʤɛtɪk asshole”*” ɔn ʃoʊ ə fju wiks əˈgoʊ, ˈɛvriˌwən rɪpt ɪm tɪ ʃrɛdz, bɪˈkəz ðə ˈpætərn fər ˈjuˈɛs. ðə hoʊl ənˈtɪl ˈpruvən guilty”*” wɪl ˈɔlˌweɪz bi ɑr dɪˈfɔlt ənˈtɪl ju bərn ˈjuˈɛs. ɪf ju bərn ˈjuˈɛs? ðɛn, ənd ˈoʊnli ðɛn, du wi flɪp aʊt. ˈnɪksən laɪd əˈbaʊt ˈwɔtərˌgeɪt; wi ˈnɛvər fərˈgeɪv ɪm. ˈklɪntən laɪd əˈbaʊt ləˈwɪnski; wi fərˈgɪv ɪm fər jɪrz ənd jɪrz. ˈkaʊntləs ˈbeɪsˈbɔl stɑrz laɪd əˈbaʊt ˈʧitɪŋ; wi ˈbɛrəˌkeɪdɪd ðɛm frəm ðə hɔl əv feɪm. læns laɪd əˈbaʊt ˌæbsəˈlutli ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ; wi tərnd ɪm frəm ə ˈhɪroʊ ˈɪntu ə dɪˈfɛnsɪv pəraɪə. wi heɪt ˈpipəl hu laɪ tɪ ɑr ˈfeɪsɪz. bət wɪn ju kip jʊr hɛd daʊn ənd kip ˈʧitɪŋ? ə ˈlɪtəl ˈtəfər. ˈkəlpəbəl ɪn ðɪs rɪˈspɛkt: wi hæv ə ˈtɛndənsi tɪ lʊk ðə ˈəðər weɪ ɛz lɔŋ ɛz ðoʊz greɪt geɪmz ənd greɪt ˈmoʊmənts kip ˈkəmɪŋ. ənd nɑt ʤɪst wɪθ pərˈfɔrməns. wi lʊk ðə ˈəðər weɪ wɪn ˈkɑlɪʤ ˈbæskətˌbɔl ˈkoʊʧɪz priˈtɛnd tɪ kɛr əˈbaʊt ˌækəˈdɛmɪks ɛz ˈraɪdɪŋ pleɪərz tɪ ˈtaɪtəlz, ər wɪn ðoʊz seɪm ˈkoʊʧɪz gəʃ əˈbaʊt bɑnd bɪtˈwin mi ənd ðoʊz kids”*” ənd ðɛn ɔn ɪt baɪ ˈʤəmpɪŋ tɪ əˈnəðər skul fər ə ˈlɪtəl mɔr ˈməni. wi lʊk ðə ˈəðər weɪ wɪn ˈhɑrdˈkɔr ˈɛvədəns ˈimərʤɪz ðət ðə ɪz ʤɪst ɛz kərəpt ənd dɪˈsɑnəst ɛz səm əv ðə ˈkoʊʧɪz pəˈlisɪŋ. wi lʊk ðə ˈəðər weɪ wɪn ækˈsɛpts braɪbz fər wərld kəp bɪdz, ər wɪn ɪt tərnz aʊt ðə ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl ˈnɛvər ˈrɪli kɛrd əˈbaʊt pleɪər ˈseɪfti ənˈtɪl ðɛr wɑz ə ˈmæsɪv kənˈkəʃən ˈlɔˌsut ˈkəmɪŋ. wi lʊk ðə ˈəðər weɪ wɪn ˈbeɪsˈbɔl timz wɪn wərld ˈsɪriz ˈivɪn ðoʊ ðeɪ ˈprɑbəˌbli hæv meɪd ðə pleɪɔfs wɪˈθaʊt sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt hɛlp frəm ˈstɛrɔɪdz ʧits. wi lʊk ðə ˈəðər weɪ wɪn ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl pleɪərz ər əˈlaʊd tɪ kriˈeɪt ˈɛni ɪkˈskjuz ðeɪ wɔnt fər ə drəg səˈspɛnʃən (ˈjuʒəwəli adderall*), ər wɪn ˈdeɪvɪd stərn tɛlz ə rɪˈpɔrtər ðət hi si haʊ wʊd hɛlp ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ pleɪərz (jæ, raɪt). wi lʊk ðə ˈəðər weɪ ɛz ðə ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ kips ɪts oʊn ˈlɪtəl ˈsænə klɔz strik goʊɪŋ: əv ɔl ðə spɔrts ðət ˈfiʧər ˈwərldˌklæs ˈæθˌlits kəmˈpitɪŋ æt ðə haɪəst ˈlɛvəl, ˈoʊnli ðə ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ hæd ə ˈsɪŋgəl stɑr gɪt neɪld fər pərˈfɔrməns ju noʊ, bɪˈkəz noʊ weɪ ˈhənərdz əv stɑrz wɪθ ˈmæsɪv ˈigoʊz wʊd ˈɛvər ʧit tɪ geɪn ən ɛʤ wɪθ ˈhənərdz əv ˈmɪljənz əv ˈdɔlərz æt steɪk. wi lʊk ðə ˈəðər weɪ wɪn ðə mlb*, ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl, ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ ənd pleɪərz əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz kip ˈblɑkɪŋ bləd ˈtɛstɪŋ ɪn ðɛr rɪˈspɛktɪv spɔrts ˈfaɪnəli ˈstɑrtɪd bləd ˈtɛstɪŋ fər ðə 2013 ˈsizən), ˈivɪn ðoʊ ˈdɑktərz kip ˈtɛlɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs, ““hey*, ɪf wi kən hæv ˈrɛgjələr bləd ˈsæmpəlz, ə ˈθaʊzənd taɪmz ˈiziər tɪ kæʧ cheaters.”*.” maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈrisənt ɪgˈzæmpəl: wɑn mɑnˈwɛl mɑrˈkɛz nɑk daʊn ˈmæni fər 36 ˈsɑləd raʊnz ˈoʊvər θri əv ðɛr faɪts. ˌbiˈfɔr ðɛr θərd faɪt, ðə mɑrˈkɛz əˈlaɪnd hɪmˈsɛlf wɪθ ə dɪsˈgreɪst koʊʧ neɪmd ˈeɪnʤəl hərˈɛdiə (ˈgugəl hɪz neɪm ənd; ə fən 10 ˈmɪnəts), əraɪvd ɪn ˈveɪgəs soʊ rɪpt ðət hi weɪd ɪn fɔr paʊnz ˈəndər ðə ˈlɪmət, nɑkt daʊn ˈərli wɪθ ə ˈvɪʃəs paʊər pənʧ, ðɛn ɪm ə fju raʊnz ˈleɪtər wɪθ wən əv ðə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈgreɪtəst ˈnɑˌkaʊt ˈpənʧɪz ˈɛvər θroʊn. wət dɪd wi du? wi bɔt ðə faɪt, ˈgæðərd ɪn ɑr ˈlɪvɪŋ rumz. wi ənd aahed*, ɑr ˌdɪsbɪˈlif ənd ˈfɔrwərdɪd ðə ˈjuˌtub klɪp əraʊnd. ənd wɪn mɑrˈkɛz pæst ðə ˈboʊgəs drəg tɛst fər ðə ˈrɛkərd, kiθ ˈrɪʧərdz ɪn 1978 ˈæftər ə naɪt æt ˈstudiˌoʊ 54 kʊd pæs wən əv drəg tɛsts ˈɛvriˌwən lɛt ðə ˈmoʊmənt goʊ. noʊ ðɪs: ˈɛvəri ˈbɑksɪŋ fæn aɪ noʊ bɪˈlivz ðət mɑrˈkɛz ɛnˈhænst hɪz ˈʧænsɪz ðət naɪt. bət ðə θɪŋ: ɑr ˈpraɪvət ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz hæv ˈnəθɪŋ ɪn ˈkɑmən wɪθ ˈpəblɪk ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz, nɑt ʤɪst ɪn spɔrts, bət wɪθ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ. ɪf ə ˈpəblɪk ˈfɪgjər hu sɪz ˈsəmθɪŋ əˈfɛnsɪv, goʊɪŋ tɪ reɪk ju ˈoʊvər ðə koʊlz ənˈtɪl ju əˈpɑləˌʤaɪz bət ɪf ju meɪk ðət seɪm əˈfɛnsɪv ˈkɑmɛnt ˈəndər ðə prəˈtɛkʃən əv ˌænəˈnɪmɪti, ˈwɛðər ɔn ˈkɑmɛnt ˈsɛkʃən, reddit*, ə ˈmɛsɪʤ bɔrd ər ˌwəˈtɛvər, ˈtoʊtəli əkˈsɛptəbəl. wət ər wi? wɛr ər wi? du wi ˈivɪn noʊ ˌɛniˈmɔr? ɪn ʧək sʊˈpərb ˈgræntlənd pis əˈbaʊt rɔɪs waɪt ðɪs wik, ðə ɛmˈbætəld ˈrɑkət meɪd ə ˈfæsəˌneɪtɪŋ pɔɪnt əˈbaʊt ˈsoʊʃəl ˈmidiə: ɛz məʧ ɛz wi wɔnt tɪ θɪŋk ðət ðiz ər ʤɪst ˈpipəl bɪˈhaɪnd kəmˈpjutər skrinz, ðoʊz ˈpipəl ər ˈlɪvɪŋ nɛkst dɔr tɪ ju. ðeɪ ər ˈpipəl bɪˈhaɪnd kəmˈpjutər skrinz ɪn skulz. ɪn ˈhɑˌspɪtəlz. ˈwərkɪŋ ɪn ˈwɔʃɪŋtən, d.c*. ðiz ər ril ˈpipəl. haʊ ˈmɛni taɪmz dɪz ðɪs stəf hæv tɪ ˈhæpən ˌbiˈfɔr wi ədˈmɪt ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈrɪli dɪˈstərbɪŋ ɪz goʊɪŋ ɔn hir? aɪ θɪŋk wən ˈpərsən ju, goʊ kɪl yourself”*” ɪz dɪˈstərbɪŋ. bət wɪn ju gɪt ˈɪntu ðə ˈhənərdz əv ðoʊz tweets*? ðə ˈθaʊzənz əv ðoʊz tweets*? aɪ si ə lɔt əv ˈpipəl aʊt ðɛr wɪθ ˈrɪli ˈvɑlətəl ˈmɛntəl dɪˈsɔrdərz ðət ər nɑt ˈgɪtɪŋ hɛlp. bɪˈkəz aɪ goʊ tɪ ðɛr oʊn tˈwɪtər ˈpeɪʤɪz, ənd aɪ kən si nɑt ʤɪst ˈsɛndɪŋ ðoʊz ˈmɛsɪʤɪz tɪ mi. ˈsɛndɪŋ ðɛm tɪ ə bənʧ əv ˈpipəl. ənd wɛr ɪt gɪts ˈmɛsi. ˈɛniˌwən wɪθ ə ˈpəblɪk ˈfɔrəm ʃʊd fil ə ˈsərtən riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti tɪ ðə ˈgreɪtər gʊd, ˈwɛðər ju hæv ə blɔg, ə ˈkɑləm, ə ˈpɔdˌkæst, ə ˈreɪdiˌoʊ ʃoʊ ər ə ˈstɛdi ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən gɪg. əv ðə ˈmɪriəd ˈrizənz waɪ ˈpipəl hæv bɪn ˈbɪʧɪŋ əˈgɛnst ˈleɪtli, səm ər ˌoʊvərˈbloʊn ər agenda-ridden*, səm ər semi-legitimate*, ənd səm ər ˌəndɪˈnaɪəbli ləˈʤɪtəmət. ə gʊd ɪgˈzæmpəl: rɑb ˈpɑrkər, hu ˈrɛkləsli ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ðə əˈlɛʤd ˈfilɪŋz əv ə ˌsɛgˈmɛnt əv ðə ˈæfrɪkɑn əˈmɛrɪkən kəmˈjunɪti təˈwɔrd ˈrɑbərt ˈgrɪfɪn iii*. sɪns hi feɪld tɪ du soʊ ˈθɔtfəli ər ˈækjərətli, ðə ˈɛnsuɪŋ ˈbæˌklæʃ wɑz ˈspiˌdi ənd dɪˈzərvd. hi skˈwɑndərd ðət fərst teɪk ˈpʊlpɪt, ənd wɪn faɪərd ɪm, ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi wɑz səˈpraɪzd. bət wət ɪf ðət seɪm ʃoʊ kənˈteɪnd ən ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ laɪk ðɪs? ˈtɔkɪŋ hɛd noʊ. 1 ““look*, wɔʧt soʊ ˈmɛni ˈæθˌlits lɛt ˈjuˈɛs daʊn baɪ ˈʧitɪŋ ðiz pæst tu ˈdɛkeɪdz, bɪˈkəm ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl fər mi tɪ ˈdaɪʤɛst ˈkəmˌbæk ər ˈkəmˌbæk wɪˈθaʊt ˈwəndərɪŋ ɪf ðeɪ bɛnt ðə rules.”*.” ˈtɔkɪŋ hɛd seɪɪŋ ðeɪ pæs ðə smɛl tɛst fər you?”*?” ˈtɔkɪŋ hɛd noʊ. 1 ““exactly*. seɪɪŋ ðət ˈæθˌlit ˈproʊˌfaɪlɪŋ həz bɪˈkəm pɑrt əv ˈfɑloʊɪŋ spɔrts. ənd ˈsəmθɪŋ wi ʃʊd bi əˈlaʊd tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt ɔn ðɪs show.”*.” ˈtɔkɪŋ hɛd noʊ. 2 [ˈsədənli skɛrd]: du ju mean?”*?” ˈtɔkɪŋ hɛd noʊ. 1 min, wi ʃʊd dəˈbeɪt ˈwɛðər gaɪz ər ˈʧitɪŋ ɪn ðə seɪm weɪ wi ʃʊd dəˈbeɪt ˈwɛðər ðeɪ ʃʊd bi ˈtreɪdɪd, ər ˈwɛðər pleɪɪŋ wɛl ɪˈnəf, ər ˌwəˈtɛvər. ju ənd aɪ ʤɪst tɔkt ɪn ðə grin rum əˈbaʊt luɪs ənd ˈwɛðər hi wɑz ˈʧitɪŋ, remember?”*?” ˈtɔkɪŋ hɛd noʊ. 2 [ˈʃɪtɪŋ ə brɪk]: θɔt wi wər ɔf ðə record.”*.” ˈtɔkɪŋ hɛd noʊ. 1 ““no*, skru ðət tɔk əˈbaʊt ðɪs. ɪz ɪt fɛr tɪ ˈsəmˌwən laɪk ˈpitərsən tɪ brɪŋ ɪt əp? aɪ seɪ jɛs. aɪ seɪ ə prəˈfɛʃənəl ˈæθˌlit, ˈlɪvɪŋ ɪn ə wərld ɪn wɪʧ ˈdəzənz ənd ˈdəzənz əv gaɪz ˈiðər ʧit ənd gɪt kɔt ər ʧit ənd gɪt kɔt, pleɪɪŋ ə spɔrt wɪθ læks rulz. pɑrt əv spɔrts naʊ! wi priˈtɛnd ɪt, bət ɪt ɪz. wət ər wi ˈhaɪdɪŋ frəm? hu ər wi prəˈtɛktɪŋ? ðə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ˈwəndərɪŋ ɪf ˈpitərsən hæd hɛlp wɪθ hɪz ˈkəmˌbæk ənd ˈwəndərɪŋ ɪf goʊɪŋ tɪ breɪk ˈrɛkərd? ˈiðər weɪ, ʤɪst ˈspɛkjəˌleɪtɪŋ, raɪt? wɛl, wət wi du! ðə hoʊl pɔɪnt əv ðɪs ʃoʊ! wi ˈspɛkjəˌleɪt ɔn stuff!!!!!!!”*!!!!!!!” naʊ, haʊ wʊd ju hæv fɛlt hæd ju wɔʧt ðət ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ ənˈfoʊld ɔn ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən? jʊr fərst θɔt: ðɪs ɪz greɪt ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən. jʊr ˈsɛkənd θɔt: ðət ˈgɪtɪŋ faɪərd. ənd fæst. jʊr θərd θɔt: ðɪs ˈjuˌtub klɪp wɪl hæv 100 ˈmɪljən peɪʤ vjuz ɪn θri deɪz. jʊr fɔrθ θɔt (əˈbaʊt 10 ˈmɪnəts ˈleɪtər): ju noʊ, ðət gaɪ meɪd səm gʊd pɔɪnts. ˈproʊˌfaɪlɪŋ. θɪŋk əˈbaʊt ðət freɪz əˈgɛn. ɪt bɪˈkəm ən ɛˈsɛnʃəl pɑrt əv ˈfɑloʊɪŋ spɔrts? waɪ wi ədˈmɪt ɪt? wɪn ju æd əp ðə neɪmz əv ˈɛvriˌwən hu ˈiðər (ə) ˈdɛfənətli ˈʧitɪd ər (bi) ˈɔlˌmoʊst ˈdɛfənətli ˈʧitɪd, ə who”*” əv ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl ˈæθˌlits. ju kʊd kræm ðɛm ˈɪntu ðɛr oʊn hɔl əv feɪm. bɪˈkəz əv ðət, bɪn rɪˈzɪʤuəl ˈdæmɪʤ ˈlidɪŋ tɪ ˈproʊˌfaɪlɪŋ ˈlidɪŋ tɪ maɪ əˈfɔrˌmɛnʃənd dɪskəˈnɛkt. wɪn ˈɛni ˈæθˌlit rɪˈkəvərz frəm ˈɛni ˈɪnʤəri wɛl əˈhɛd əv ðə ɪkˈspɛktɪd taɪm, dip daʊn, wi ˈwəndər. wɪn ˈɛni ˈæθˌlit dɪˈfaɪz ðə ˈeɪʤɪŋ ˈprɔˌsɛs ɪn ə ˈsimɪŋli ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl weɪ, dip daʊn, səˈspɪʃəs. wɪn ˈɛni ˌsupərˈstɑr ˈriʧɪz ə ˈlɛvəl ðət sim æθˈlɛtɪkli ˌriəˈlɪstɪk, dip daʊn, ˈhoʊpɪŋ hi ʧit tɪ gɪt ðɛr. spɔrts ˈsupər boʊl pɪk ˈteɪkɪŋ ðə ˈnaɪnərz ɛz ˈfeɪvərɪts ɪn ˈsupər boʊl xlvii*. fər ˈfərðər ˈditeɪlz, pliz ˈlɪsən tɪ biz. rɪˈpɔrt frəm nu ˌɔˈrlinz wɪn ɪt bɪˈkəmz əˈveɪləbəl bi ˈbreɪkɪŋ daʊn ðə geɪm wɪθ ˈkəzən sæl ənd ʤoʊ haʊs, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ səm əv ɑr ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈsupər boʊl prɑps. ənd ɪf ju mɪst biz. rɪˈpɔrt wɪθ ˈtreɪsi ˈmɔrgən, ˈʤəstɪn tək, ˈkəzən sæl ənd ˈrɛmbərt braʊn, klɪk hir. pleɪɔf ˈrɛkərd: ˈrɛkərd: aɪ hæd plænd ɔn ˈraɪtɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈproʊˌfaɪlɪŋ ɪn maɪ dɪˈlitəd ˈmeɪlˌbæg ˈænsər əˈbaʊt ˈpitərsən, ɪf ˈoʊnli bɪˈkəz soʊ ˌɔnˈfɛr ðət ˈsərtən ˈæθˌlits (seɪ, mɑrˈkɛz ənd) meɪk ɪt ˌɪmˈpɑsəbəl fər ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk ˌæbsəˈlutli ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbəl ˈkəmˌbæk tɪ ˈhæpən wɪˈθaʊt ˈpipəl ˈwəndərɪŋ, ““hmmmmmmmm.”*.” bɪn bərnd tu ˈmɛni taɪmz baɪ ðə wərdz incredible.”*.” naʊ hir. soʊ wi ˈwəndərd. ənd kɛpt ˈwəndərɪŋ. aɪ ˈprɑbəˌbli rɪˈsivd 700 ju θɪŋk ˈpitərsən ɪz duɪŋ ðɪs legitimately?”*?” ˈiˌmeɪlz ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər ənd dɪˈsɛmbər. səm wər ˈfəni, səm wər ˈθɔtfəl, səm wər ˈkreɪzi. ɔl əv ðɛm meɪd mi θɪŋk. dɪd aɪ ˈgugəl ˈfoʊˌtoʊz əv ˌoʊkləˈhoʊmə hɛd ənd kəmˈpɛr ðɛm tɪ hɪz ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə hɛd? aɪ dɪd. ənd fɛlt laɪk ə ˈluzər ðə ɪnˈtaɪər taɪm. ənˈtɪl aɪ ˈmɛnʃənd ɪt tɪ ə ˈbədi. ““oh*, dən that,”*,” hi sɛd. dɪz ðət. ðət ʃʊd ʤɪst bi ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt. ˈfoʊˌtoʊz əv ˈæθˌlit hɛdz. ðeɪ ʃʊd ɔl bi ɪn wən place.”*.” ənd aɪ faʊnd ˌmaɪˈsɛlf ˈnɑdɪŋ. ə greɪt aɪˈdiə fər ə ˈwɛbˌsaɪt. raɪt. dɪz ðət meɪk mi ə bæd ˈpərsən? æm aɪ ˈdæmɪʤd? ju tɛl mi. æt ðə ˈgræntlənd ˈɔfəs, bɪn ˈsəmθɪŋ əv ə ˈrənɪŋ ʤoʊk: aɪ kɔl ɪt maɪ ɪn ðə cup”*” lɪst. aɪ ˈnɛvər roʊt əˈbaʊt ðət lɪst bɪˈkəz mi ˌoʊvərˈruld spɔrts fæn mi (sˈmɑrtli, ɪn ðɪs keɪs). ʤɪst noʊ ðət ɪt teɪk məʧ tɪ gɪt ˈædɪd tɪ ðə lɪst. səm əv maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt weɪz ˌɪnˈklud skɪp ðə oʊˈlɪmpɪks (wɪʧ həz məʧ ˈstrɪktər drəg ˈtɛstɪŋ) ɪn jʊr praɪm fər ˈɛni ˈdubiəs ˈrizən ənd ɔn ðə lɪst. ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ jʊr bɛst ˈsizən ɪn jɪrz ɪn jʊr leɪt 30s*, fɔr ər faɪv jɪrz ˈæftər jʊr læst season,”*,” ənd ɔn ðə lɪst. ɪf ə ˈskɪni dud hu mərˈækjələsli ˈmænɪʤd tɪ æd 20 paʊnz əv ˈməsəl tɪ jʊr ˈskærˌkroʊ freɪm, ɔn ðə lɪst. ɪf ju ʧɑpt daʊn ðə rɪˈkəvəri taɪm əv ə dəˈbɪləˌteɪtɪŋ ˈɪnʤəri tɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət ʤɪst sim ˈpɑsəbəl ə jɪr əˈgoʊ, ɔn ðə lɪst. ɪf ju wər ˈrɪli gʊd ənd ˈrɪli rɪpt æt ə ˈrɪli jəŋ eɪʤ, ənd naʊ jʊr ˈbɑdi ɪz ˈbreɪkɪŋ daʊn məʧ ˈsunər ðən ɪt ʃʊd bi ˈbreɪkɪŋ daʊn, ɔn ðə lɪst. ɪf ɪgˈzɪbɪtɪŋ ə ˈlɛvəl əv ˌsupərˈhjumən ˈɛndərəns ðət həz ˈlɪtəl ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈɛndərəns əv ˈɛni əv jʊr kəmˈpɛtɪtərz, ɔn ðə lɪst. ɔn ðə lɪst fər ˈrizənz ðət, ˈsəmˌtaɪmz, ˈivɪn jʊr fɔlt. ɔn ðə lɪst bɪˈkəz əv mɪˈsteɪks jʊr pɪrz meɪd, bɪˈkəz ðə ˈmidiə ˈfulɪʃli treɪnd ˌɪtˈsɛlf tɪ lʊk ðə ˈəðər weɪ, bɪˈkəz wi ˈlərnɪd ðə hɑrd weɪ ðət incredible”*” ˈjuʒəwəli kəmz wɪθ ə kæʧ. ɔn ðə lɪst bɪˈkəz jʊr pleɪərz ˈjunjən nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪtɪd ˈaɪərnˌklæd rulz, ɑˈstɛnsəbli tɪ prəˈtɛkt jʊr raɪts, bət ˈrɪli tɪ prəˈtɛkt jʊr raɪt tɪ ʧit wɪˈθaʊt biɪŋ ʤəʤd. ɔn ðə lɪst bɪˈkəz ɑr ˈprɛzɪdənt kleɪmz tɪ bi ə bɪg spɔrts fæn bət rɪfˈjuzɪz tɪ gɪt ˌɪnˈvɑlvd, ənd əˈpɛrəntli wʊd ˈrəðər si ˈɛvəri spɔrt goʊ tɪ hɛl ˈoʊvər ˈrɪskɪŋ pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈkæpɪtəl ənd duɪŋ ˈsəmθɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪt. ɔn ðə lɪst bɪˈkəz wi hæv bləd ˈtɛstɪŋ ɪn jʊr spɔrt jɛt, ər ˌbaɪəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈpæˌspɔrts, ər ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɛls ðət wʊd əˈlaʊ ˈjuˈɛs tɪ noʊ ɪf ju wər kəmˈpitɪŋ ˈfɛrli ər ənˈfɛrli. ɔn ðə lɪst bɪˈkəz 2013 ənd wi stɪl hæv ɑr hɛdz stək ɪn ðə sænd. ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈænɪkˌdoʊt ɪz 100 pərˈsɛnt tru ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ pleɪərz gɪt ˈtɛstɪd əp tɪ fɔr taɪmz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə kɔrs əv ə ˈsizən. ðə fɔrθ taɪm kən ˈhæpən æt ˈɛni pɔɪnt frəm ɑkˈtoʊbər tɪ ʤun, bət wəns ɪt ˈhæpənz, ɪt. soʊ ɪf jʊr fɔrθ tɛst əˈkərz ˈæftər jʊr geɪm, klɪr ðə rɛst əv ðə weɪ. ə ˈrənɪŋ ʤoʊk wɪˈθɪn ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ ˈsərkəlz, ˈsəmθɪŋ əv ə kɑrd: wəns ju pi ɪn ðət fɔrθ kəp, gʊd tɪ goʊ. pʊt ˌwəˈtɛvər ju wɔnt ˈɪntu jʊr ˈbɑdi. fil laɪk sˈmoʊkɪŋ ɪˈnəf wid tɪ meɪk ˈhɛrəld ənd kuˈmɑr bləʃ? nɑk ˈjɔrsɛlf aʊt. fil laɪk rɪˈpleɪsɪŋ jʊr bləd wɪθ ˈklinər bləd soʊ ju hæv mɔr ˈɛndərəns fər ðə pleɪɔfs? nɑk ˈjɔrsɛlf aʊt. fil laɪk ˈstɑrtɪŋ ə ˌtɛˈstɑstərˌoʊn ˈsaɪkəl bɪˈkəz ju maɪt hæv tɪ pleɪ 25 ˈgruɪlɪŋ pleɪɔf geɪmz ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst 10 wiks? nɑk ˈjɔrsɛlf aʊt. rɪˈmɛmbər haʊ kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv ðiz gaɪz ər. wət wʊd ðeɪ du fər ən ɛʤ? haʊ fɑr wʊd ðeɪ goʊ? ənd waɪ ər wi ˈgɪvɪŋ ðɛm ðə ʧɔɪs? ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈænɪkˌdoʊt ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ 100 pərˈsɛnt tru nɑt ˈɛvriˌwən tɛsts fər ˈɛləˌveɪtɪd ˌtɛˈstɑstərˌoʊn. fər ðə ligz ər spɔrts ðət du, ðeɪ məst əˈkaʊnt fər ˈpipəl wɪθ ˈnæʧərəli ˈɛləˌveɪtɪd ˈlɛvəlz əv ˌtɛˈstɑstərˌoʊn. ðət θˈrɛˌʃoʊld ɪz haɪər ðən ju θɪŋk bɪˈkəz əˈkaʊnɪŋ fər ˌbaɪəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈaʊtlaɪərz səm ˈæθˌlits maɪt ˈnæʧərəli hæv twaɪs ɛz məʧ ˌtɛˈstɑstərˌoʊn ɛz ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈpərsən. ɔl raɪt, soʊ seɪ ən ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl pleɪər ðət həz tɪ tɛst θri taɪmz haɪər ðən ðə ““average”*” θˈrɛˌʃoʊld ˌbiˈfɔr ˈgɪtɪŋ flægd. kənˈsivəbli, ju kʊd rɪˈlaɪ ɔn ə kənˈtroʊld əˈmaʊnt əv ˈeɪˈʧʤiˈeɪʧ, ˈsəmθɪŋ ðət bəmps ju əp ʤɪst nɑt tu haɪ. ˈmeɪbi ju ʤæk əp jʊr ˌtɛˈstɑstərˌoʊn ˈlɛvəlz ə ˈlɪtəl ˈəndər θri taɪmz haɪər ðən ðeɪ ʃʊd bi. gɛs wət? stɪl ˈligəl! du ðeɪ hæv ˈpæʧɪz ðət kən ˈbrifli bəmp əp jʊr ˈlɛvəlz wɪˈθaʊt prəˈlɔŋd ˈtreɪsɪz? jɛs, ðeɪ du! dɪd wən ˈfeɪməs ˈæθˌlit (nɑt ən ˈɛˌnɛˈfɛl pleɪər) juz ðət pæʧ ɔn hɪz ˈtɛˌstɪkəlz tɪ bəmp hɪz ˈlɛvəlz kloʊz tɪ ðət θˈrɛˌʃoʊld, fɔl əsˈlip, kip hɪz pæʧ ɔn tu lɔŋ ənd ˈsəbsəkwəntli feɪl hɪz nɛkst tɛst? jɛs, hi dɪd! əˈmeɪzɪŋ ðɪs ˈhæpən mɔr ˈɔfən. ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈænɪkˌdoʊt ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ 100 pərˈsɛnt tru wɪn ˈbərtrənd ˈbɛri ənd taɪ ˈwɔrən ˈsəfərd ə kəmˈplit tɪr əv ðɛr ˈtraɪˌsɛps, ɪt tʊk ðɛm sɪks mənθs tɪ rɪˈkəvər. wɪn ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə lɛft ˈtækəl ˈlivaɪ braʊn ˈsəfərd ə kəmˈplit tɪr əv hɪz ˈtraɪˌsɛps ɪn ˈɔgəst 2012 ðə ˈkɑrdɪnəlz ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli pʊt ɪm ɔn ðɛr ˈɪnʤərd lɪst. wɪn reɪ luɪs ˈsəfərd ə kəmˈplit tɪr əv hɪz ˈtraɪˌsɛps ɪn mid-october*, wi θɔt hi wɑz ˈfɪnɪʃt fər ðə ˈsizən ˈoʊnli hi rɪˈtərnd tɪ ˈækʃən ə ˈlɪtəl mɔr ðən tu mənθs ˈleɪtər. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə θərd mənθ əv hɪz ““recovery,”*,” hi meɪd 17 ˈtækəlz ɪn ə pleɪɔf geɪm ɪn ˈdɛnvər. ɪn ˈwɛðər. æt eɪʤ 37 soʊ wɪn neɪm ˈlændɪd ɪn ðɪs ˈskændəl, ˈnoʊˌbɑˌdi ˈtəmbəld ˈoʊvər ɪn ʃɑk. wi ˈweɪstɪd ðə rɛst əv ˈsupər boʊl wik ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪm, ˈwəndərɪŋ ˈwɛðər hi ˈʧitɪd, ˈwɑʧɪŋ hɪz dɪˈnaɪəl fər saɪnz ðət hi wɑz laɪɪŋ, ˈguglɪŋ ˈæntlər spray”*” ənd ˈtɔkɪŋ əˈbaʊt ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ˈəðər ðən ðə geɪm. ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli, ðə ˈmoʊmənt wɪl pæs, laɪk ɪt ˈɔlˌweɪz dɪz. ˈnəθɪŋ wɪl ʧeɪnʤ. ˈsædli, ðə kəˈlɛktɪv ˌɪrəˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti əv səm spɔrts ˈmidiə ˈmɛmbərz kɔl ɪt ““cornballbrotheritis”*” ruɪnd ˈɛni ˈræʃənəl ˈmidiə ˈʧænsɪz tɪ kˈwɛʃən ðə ˈkɑrənt ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt. ju trəst ɑr əˈbɪləˌti tɪ ˈhændəl səʧ ə ˈloʊdɪd ˈsəbʤɪkt, nɔr ʃʊd ju. ruɪnd jʊr trəst tu ˈmɛni taɪmz. aɪ ʤɪst noʊ ðət ˈæθˌlits bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ hæv ɪt boʊθ weɪz. haɪd bɪˈhaɪnd jʊr pleɪərz ˈjunjənz ənd əˈlaʊ jʊr pleɪər rɛps tɪ faɪt əˈgɛnst ˈbɛtər drəg ˈtɛstɪŋ, ðɛn flɪp aʊt ɪf roʊz ənd aɪ ˌdɪˈsaɪd tɪ hæv ən ˌɪmˈprɑmptu ɔn jʊr nid tɪ si ju pi ɪn ə cup’*’ tim ðɪs year?”*?” ˈpɔdˌkæst. əˈgɛn, wi hæv ðə tɛkˈnɑləʤi naʊ. wi kən prəˈtɛkt klin pleɪərz frəm kəmˈpitɪŋ əˈgɛnst ˈdərti wənz. waɪ wi ˈjuzɪŋ ɪt? ˈhɛnri ɪgˈzɔstɪv pis ɔn ðə ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ ənd meɪd ə fænˈtæstɪk pɔɪnt: waɪ dɪd meɪk ˌbaɪəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈpæˌspɔrts (ðə ˈsɪŋgəl bɛst weɪ tɪ kæʧ ˈʧitərz raɪt naʊ) ˈmændəˌtɔri fər ðə 2014 wərld kəp, bət ðə ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ ˈivɪn kənˈvɪns ɪts pleɪərz tɪ əˈlaʊ bləd ˈtɛstɪŋ? ˈrɪli? ðət ˈfɪrfəl əv wət faɪnd ɪn jʊr bləd, ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ pleɪərz? ɪf nɑt ˈfɪrfəl, waɪ əˈlaʊ jʊr ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz tɪ meɪk ɪt sim laɪk ðət ˈfɪrfəl? haʊ kən ju ɪkˈspɛkt mi nɑt tɪ ˈwəndər ɪf ˈʧitɪŋ? əˈspɛʃəli wɪn soʊ ˈmɛni ˈəðər ˈwərldˌklæs ˈæθˌlits ər ˈʧitɪŋ? ər ju ˈrɪli ɪkˈspɛktɪŋ mi tɪ bɪˈliv ðət dɑn məˈkleɪn, mæt ˈgaɪgər, samake*, ˈlɪndzi ˈhəntər, dəraɪəs maɪəlz, luɪs ənd o.j*. meɪoʊ ˈsɛvən gaɪz wɪθ ə kəmˈbaɪnd tu ˌɔlˈstɑr əˈpɪrənsəz wər ðə ˈoʊnli ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ pleɪərz hu ˈɛvər juzd bænd pərˈfɔrməns? si ɪn ˈbɑdi, wəns ənd fər ɔl. aɪ θɪŋk bi səˈpraɪzd. ˈwəndər ɪf səm wər ˈglɔrəˌfaɪd ˈʤəŋkiz. bi kənfˈjuzd əˈbaʊt waɪ wi pleɪst səʧ ə bɪˈleɪtɪd praɪˈɔrəti ɔn kənˈkəʃən əˈwɛrnəs waɪl kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ tɪ ˌɪgˈnɔr ˈeɪˈʧʤiˈeɪʧ ənd ˈstɛrɔɪdz ənd ˈpeɪnˌkɪlərz. waɪ ðə ˈrisənt ˈstɔri əˈbaʊt ðə ˈweɪvər ə ˈbɪgər dil? ðə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈeɪˈʧʤiˈeɪʧ ənd, ˈɛniˌweɪ? wət dɪz ðə wərd enhancer”*” ˈrɪli min? ˈoʊˈkeɪ tɪ ˈbɑˌroʊ ə dɛd ˈlɪgəmənt tɪ rɪˈgeɪn jʊr ˈfæstˌbɔl, bət nɑt ˈoʊˈkeɪ tɪ bust jʊr ˌtɛˈstɑstərˌoʊn fər ðoʊz seɪm rɪˈzəlts? ˈoʊˈkeɪ tɪ ˈtrævəl tɪ ˈʤərməni tɪ ˌɪnˈʤɛkt stɛm sɛlz ˈɪntu jʊr ˈdæmɪʤd ni tɪ ˈstɪmjəˌleɪt rɪˈkəvəri ənd riˈʤɛnərˈeɪʃən, bət nɑt ˈoʊˈkeɪ tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs jʊr bləd wɪθ ˈbɛtər bləd tɪ ˌɪnˈkris jʊr ˈstæmənə? haʊ dɪd wi ˌdɪˈsaɪd raɪt ənd rɔŋ? dɪd wi ʤɪst ˈɑrbɪˌtrɛrəli meɪk əp ə bənʧ əv rulz wɪθ noʊ ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃən tɪ wən əˈnəðər? waɪ ɑr ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈæθˌlits hɛlp ˈjuˈɛs aʊt baɪ ˈpʊʃɪŋ fər mɔr əˈkaʊntəˌbɪlɪti wɪˈθɪn ðɛr spɔrts? ðə goʊl ʃʊd bi ˈsɪmpəl: ˈtoʊtəl trænˈspɛrənsi. ˈɛvəri əˈmɛrɪkən prəˈfɛʃənəl lig ʃʊd hæv ðə bɛst ˈpɑsəbəl ˈtɛstɪŋ. ˈpɪriəd. ənd ɪf ˈæθˌlits θɪŋk fɛr wɛl, aɪ θɪŋk fɛr ðət səm əv ðɛm ʧit. soʊ ðɛr. aɪ bɪˈliv ðət reɪ luɪs ˈʧitɪd. aɪ bɪˈliv ðət tɪ bi tru beɪst ɔn ˌsərkəmˈstænʃəl ˈɛvədəns, hɪz eɪʤ, hɪz overcompetitiveness*, ðə ˈhɪstəri əv ðət spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈɪnʤəri, ənd ðə fækt ðət hɪz ““recovery”*” meɪd maɪ ʃɪt dɪˈtɛktər stɑrt ˈvaɪbreɪtɪŋ laɪk ə ˈʧeɪnˌsɔ. aɪ bɪˈliv ɪn maɪ raɪt tɪ raɪt ðə ˈpriviəs ˈpɛrəˌgræf bɪˈkəz ˈæθˌlits pʊʃt ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ðɪs pɔɪnt. wi nid ˈbɛtər drəg ˈtɛstɪŋ. wi nid bləd ˈtɛstɪŋ. wi nid ˌbaɪəˈlɑʤɪkəl ˈpæˌspɔrts. wi nid ðət stəf naʊ. nɑt ɪn θri jɪrz. nɑt ɪn tu jɪrz. naʊ. aɪ ˈivɪn noʊ wət aɪ æm ˈwɑʧɪŋ ˌɛniˈmɔr. aɪ bɪˈliv wi nid tɪ fɪks ðɪs dɪskəˈnɛkt bɪtˈwin ɑr ˈpraɪvət ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃənz ənd ɑr ˈpəblɪk wənz. ˈʧitɪŋ ɪn prəˈfɛʃənəl spɔrts ɪz ən ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪk. ˈwəndərɪŋ əˈbaʊt ðə ˈrizənz bɪˈhaɪnd ə drəˈmætɪkəli ˌɪmˈpruvd pərˈfɔrməns, ər ə drəˈmætɪkəli fæst rɪˈkəvəri taɪm, bi kənˈsɪdərd ˌɔˈflɪmɪts fər ˈmidiə ˈmɛmbərz. wi fil laɪk ˈskəmˌbægz ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ðɪs stəf əp. pɑrt əv spɔrts. aɪ bɪˈliv ðət, ɪf aɪ pleɪd spɔrts fər ə ˈlɪvɪŋ, aɪ wʊd stɪr klɪr əv pərˈfɔrməns noʊ ˈmætər haʊ ˈmɛni ˈmɪljənz wər æt steɪk, noʊ ˈmætər haʊ ˈfeɪməs ðeɪ maɪt meɪk mi, noʊ ˈmætər haʊ ˈmɛni ˈtaɪtəlz aɪ maɪt wɪn. aɪ laɪk tɪ bɪˈliv ðət, ˈɛniˌweɪ. ðə truθ ɪz aɪ ˈrɪli noʊ wət aɪ wʊd du. ənd ˈniðər du ju. aɪ bɪˈliv ˈeɪdriən ˈpitərsən keɪm bæk ˈnæʧərəli. aɪ nid tɪ si ɔl deɪ pi ɪn ə kəp æt ðə ˈsupər boʊl. spɔrts fæn mi ənd mi əˈgri ɔn ðɪs wən. əv kɔrs, ɪf ju geɪv ˈjuˈɛs ə ˈhæfˌtaɪm ʧɔɪs bɪtˈwin beyoncé*é pərˈfɔrmɪŋ ər reɪ luɪs piɪŋ ɪn ə kəp, goʊɪŋ wɪθ ðə piɪŋ. ˈwɛlkəm tɪ spɔrts ɪn ðə ˈsɛnʧəri.

i made a deal with myself a long time ago: my column needed to capture the things i discuss with my friends. last week, i realized that wasn’t totally happening anymore. something of a disconnect had emerged between my private conversations and the things i wrote for grantland/espn. in essence, i had turned into two people. sports fan me, and espn me. sports fan me is candid, jaded, suspicious of everyone. sports fan me repeatedly gets involved in arguments and e-mail chains centered on the question, “do you think he’s cheating?” sports fan me has googled athletes’ heads and jawlines, studied their sizes, then mailed before/after pictures to friends with the subject heading, “check this out.” sports fan me has learned to trust his inner shit detector, to swiftly question any accomplishment that seems extraordinary or superhuman. sports fan me hates that he feels this way, but he does, and just no way around it. espn me sticks his head in the sand and doesn’t say anything. espn me occasionally pushes narratives that he doesn’t totally believe in. espn me didn’t have the balls to run two e-mails that you’re about to read. they nearly landed in each of my last four mailbags. each time, i pulled both e-mails (and my responses) from those columns at the last minute. e-mail no. 1 (from david b. in concord, north carolina): “why isn’t anyone questioning ray lewis’s miraculous recovery from a torn triceps muscle? at age 37, not only did he recover in 10 weeks from an injury that usually takes 6 months minimum for recovery, but, upon returning, he played at a higher level than before he was injured. are sports ‘journalists’ incapable of learning from their own mistakes (we just had both the baseball hof vote and lance admitting to steroid use), or is the sport just bigger than the truth?” e-mail no. 2 (from ben miller in fort worth, texas): “instead of beyonce, should we change the super bowl halftime show to just adrian peterson pissing in a cup at midfield? you just talked about how dumb we all look in hindsight when these super human baseball stars were shattering age-old records. peterson nearly broke a 28 year old record in one of the most physically-demanding positions in sports less than 12 months after tearing his acl & mcl!!! respect the hell out of the guy and love his extreme work ethic, but think about mcgwire’s 70. now think about it happening less than 12 months after tearing a pec. we probably call bs even back then at that point. you may want to take a cold shower and then mention it in a column just in case.” sports fan me spent most of november and december debating the lewis/peterson topics with friends and coworkers, so sports fan me wanted to run those e-mails. espn me overruled him, believing it was unfair to speculate without any real proof even though ongoing speculation has become as big a part of sports fandom as purchasing tickets or buying a replica jersey. the disconnect. before those miami new times/sports illustrated bombshells dropped this week and we started joking about deer-antler spray, i would have wagered anything that god didn’t miraculously heal ray lewis’s torn tricep. i never actually wrote this. alluded to it, danced around it, joked about it just never actually came out and wrote it. i stayed away from peterson jokes for a different reason: his historic comeback (and historically great season) seemed conceivable. all day might be a freak of nature, and if you take dr. james andrews at his word, the inside of peterson’s knee resembled a newborn baby’s knee even after six nfl seasons. watching peterson regain his old form wasn’t any more eye-opening than, say, peyton manning regaining his old form at age 36 after four neck surgeries. then again, i like adrian peterson. i thought watching him carry footballs was just about the most exciting thing that happened last year. i liked living in something of a sports-movie fantasy world in which our hero gets maimed, defies the odds, and returns better than ever (and sooner than we ever imagined). i wanted to believe in the notion that someone could be noticeably better at playing running back than anyone else. i loved the thought of telling my grandkids someday, “yes, i was there for adrian peterson.” will i look back at peterson’s remarkable season someday and say, “god, how did we not know? how stupid were we?” i say no. but i know for sure. and the problem. there is no such thing as “the benefit of the doubt” anymore. not in sports. too many people took advantage. all the benefits are gone. a few weeks ago, we finished a baseball hall of fame voting process in which nobody was selected. not a single guy. keep in mind, the following stars were eligible: one of the greatest outfielders ever, one of the greatest starting pitchers ever, two of the most imposing sluggers ever, one of the greatest offensive first basemen ever, the single greatest offensive catcher ever, a member of the 500–home run club, and someone who reached base more than anyone in history except for 17 players. none of them made it to cooperstown. five were shunned because we were getting back at them — they cheated, they burned us, they let us down. two were bypassed because of circumstantial evidence — we were pretty sure they cheated, and since they never defended themselves that passionately, they were out. the last guy missed out because of our anger toward the other seven guys, and because a few-dozen holier-than-thou baseball writers keep stubbornly protecting a fantasy world that no longer exists. really, those snubs were driven by our residual guilt about what we didn’t do during baseball’s steroid boom. we ignored their swollen noggins and rippling biceps. we weren’t fazed by seemingly inexplicable surges in production, or even something as fundamentally perplexing as a 37-year-old doubles hitter suddenly hitting 50-plus homers. we didn’t just look the other way; we threw heavy burlap bags over our heads and taped our eyeballs shut. and because we never stepped up, those enterprising dickheads bastardized baseball and ruined one of its most sacred qualities: the wholly unique way that eight generations of players relate to one another through statistics and records. here, look. mlb’s home run leaders by season player age home runs year barry bonds 36 73 2001 mark mcgwire 34 70 1998 sammy sosa 29 66 1998 mark mcgwire 35 65 1999 sammy sosa 32 64 2001 sammy sosa 30 63 1999 roger maris 26 61 1961 babe ruth 32 60 1927 babe ruth 26 59 1921 jimmie foxx 24 58 1932 that list is dead. it means nothing. mcgwire’s generation made it fundamentally impossible to put power numbers into context for the rest of eternity, basically. and they did more damage than that. this past christmas eve, my son and daughter made santa cookies, wrote him a letter, even left four carrots for his reindeer. as we were putting them to bed, i remember thinking, man, i wish they could always stay like this. and by “this,” i really meant, i wish they could always just blindly believe in things being true despite mounting evidence against them. for whatever reason, that made me think of lance armstrong. was there even a difference? our kids have santa; we have lance and barry and a-rod and everyone else. when lance clinched the espy for “most pompous and unapologetic asshole” on oprah’s show a few weeks ago, everyone ripped him to shreds, because the pattern for us. the whole “innocent until proven guilty” mind-set will always be our default until you burn us. if you burn us? then, and only then, do we flip out. nixon lied about watergate; we never forgave him. clinton lied about lewinsky; we didn’t forgive him for years and years. countless baseball stars lied about cheating; we barricaded them from the hall of fame. lance lied about absolutely everything; we turned him from a do-good hero into a defensive pariah. we hate people who lie to our faces. but when you keep your head down and keep cheating? a little tougher. culpable in this respect: we have a tendency to look the other way as long as those great games and great moments keep coming. and it’s not just with performance enhancers. we look the other way when college basketball coaches pretend to care about academics as they’re riding one-and-done players to titles, or when those same coaches gush about “the bond between me and those kids” and then defecate on it by jumping to another school for a little more money. we look the other way when hardcore evidence emerges that the ncaa is just as corrupt and dishonest as some of the shadier coaches it’s policing. we look the other way when fifa accepts bribes for world cup bids, or when it turns out the nfl never really cared about player safety until there was a massive concussion lawsuit coming. we look the other way when baseball teams win world series even though they probably wouldn’t have made the playoffs without significant help from steroids cheats. we look the other way when nfl players are allowed to create any excuse they want for a four-game drug suspension (usually adderall), or when david stern tells a reporter that he doesn’t see how peds would help nba players (yeah, right). we look the other way as the nba keeps its own little santa claus streak going: of all the running-and-jumping sports that feature world-class athletes competing at the highest level, only the nba hasn’t had a single star get nailed for performance enhancers you know, because no way hundreds of overcompetitive stars with massive egos would ever cheat to gain an edge with hundreds of millions of dollars at stake. we look the other way when the mlb, nfl, nba and nhl players associations keep blocking blood testing in their respective sports (mlb finally started blood testing for the 2013 season), even though doctors keep telling us, “hey, if we can have regular blood samples, it’s a thousand times easier to catch cheaters.” my favorite recent look-the-other-way example: juan manuel marquez couldn’t knock down manny pacquiao for 36 solid rounds over three of their fights. before their third fight, the 39-year-old marquez aligned himself with a disgraced strength-and-conditioning coach named angel heredia (google his name and peds; it’s a fun 10 minutes), arrived in vegas so ripped that he weighed in four pounds under the 147-pound limit, knocked pacquiao down early with a vicious power punch, then coldcocked him a few rounds later with one of the single greatest knockout punches ever thrown. what did we do? we bought the fight, gathered in our living rooms. we oohed and aahed, tweeted our disbelief and forwarded the youtube clip around. and when marquez passed the bogus post-fight drug test — for the record, keith richards in 1978 after a night at studio 54 could pass one of boxing’s drug tests — everyone let the moment go. know this: every boxing fan i know believes that marquez enhanced his chances that night. but the thing: our private conversations have nothing in common with public conversations, not just in sports, but with everything. if you’re a public figure who says something offensive, going to rake you over the coals until you apologize but if you make that same offensive comment under the protection of anonymity, whether it’s on youtube’s comment section, reddit, a message board or whatever, totally acceptable. what are we? where are we? do we even know anymore? in chuck klosterman’s superb grantland piece about royce white this week, the embattled rocket made a fascinating point about social media: as much as we want to think that these are just people behind computer screens, those people are living next door to you. they are people behind computer screens in schools. in hospitals. working in washington, d.c. these are real people. how many times does this stuff have to happen before we admit something really disturbing is going on here? i think one person tweeting “fuck you, go kill yourself” is disturbing. but when you get into the hundreds of those tweets? the thousands of those tweets? i see a lot of people out there with really volatile mental disorders that are not getting help. because i go to their own twitter pages, and i can see they’re not just sending those messages to me. they’re sending them to a bunch of people. and where it gets messy. anyone with a public forum should feel a certain responsibility to the greater good, whether you have a blog, a column, a podcast, a radio show or a steady tv gig. of the myriad reasons why people have been bitching against espn lately, some are overblown or agenda-ridden, some are semi-legitimate, and some are undeniably legitimate. a good example: rob parker, who recklessly represented the alleged feelings of a segment of the african american community toward robert griffin iii. since he failed to do so thoughtfully or accurately, the ensuing backlash was speedy and deserved. he squandered that first take pulpit, and when espn fired him, nobody was surprised. but what if that same show contained an exchange like this? talking head no. 1: “look, watched so many athletes let us down by cheating these past two decades, it’s become impossible for me to digest peterson’s comeback or lewis’s comeback without wondering if they bent the rules.” talking head no.2: “you’re saying they pass the smell test for you?” talking head no. 1: “exactly. i’m saying that athlete ped profiling has become part of following sports. and it’s something we should be allowed to talk about on this show.” talking head no. 2 [suddenly scared]: “what do you mean?” talking head no. 1: “i mean, we should debate whether guys are cheating in the same way we should debate whether they should be traded, or whether they’re playing well enough, or whatever. you and i just talked in the green room about lewis and whether he was cheating, remember?” talking head no. 2 [shitting a brick]: “i thought we were off the record.” talking head no. 1: “no, screw that — let’s talk about this. is it fair to someone like peterson to bring it up? i say yes. i say he’s a professional athlete, living in a world in which dozens and dozens of guys either cheat and get caught or cheat and get caught, playing a sport with lax drug-testing rules. part of sports now! we pretend it isn’t, but it is. what are we hiding from? who are we protecting? what’s the difference between wondering if peterson had help with his comeback and wondering if he’s going to break dickerson’s record? either way, just speculating, right? well, what we do! the whole point of this show! we speculate on stuff!!!!!!!” now, how would you have felt had you watched that exchange unfold on tv? your first thought: this is great tv. your second thought: that guy’s getting fired. and fast. your third thought: this youtube clip will have 100 million page views in three days. your fourth thought (about 10 minutes later): you know, that guy made some good points. ped profiling. think about that phrase again. hasn’t it become an essential part of following sports? why we admit it? when you add up the names of everyone who either (a) definitely cheated or (b) almost definitely cheated, it’s a “who’s who” of influential athletes. you could cram them into their own hall of fame. because of that, been residual damage leading to ped profiling leading to my aforementioned disconnect. when any athlete recovers from any injury well ahead of the expected time, deep down, we wonder. when any athlete defies the aging process in a seemingly supernatural way, deep down, suspicious. when any superstar reaches a level that doesn’t seem athletically realistic, deep down, hoping he didn’t cheat to get there. sports guy’s super bowl pick i’m taking the niners as 3½-point favorites in super bowl xlvii. for further details, please listen to friday’s b.s. report from new orleans when it becomes available — we’ll be breaking down the game with cousin sal and joe house, along with some of our favorite super bowl props. and if you missed thursday’s two-part b.s. report with tracy morgan, justin tuck, cousin sal and rembert browne, click here. playoff record: 8-2 regular-season record: 132-120-4 i had planned on writing about ped profiling in my deleted mailbag answer about peterson, if only because it’s so unfair that certain athletes (say, marquez and a-rod) make it impossible for something like peterson’s absolutely incredible comeback to happen without people wondering, “hmmmmmmmm.” been burned too many times by the words “absolutely incredible.” now here. so we wondered. and kept wondering. i probably received 700 “do you think peterson is doing this legitimately?” e-mails in november and december. some were funny, some were thoughtful, some were crazy. all of them made me think. did i google photos of peterson’s oklahoma head and compare them to his minnesota head? i did. and felt like a loser the entire time. until i mentioned it to a buddy. “oh, i’ve done that,” he said. “everyone does that. that should just be a website. before/after photos of athlete heads. they should all be in one place.” and i found myself nodding. a great idea for a website. he’s right. does that make me a bad person? am i damaged? you tell me. at the grantland office, it’s been something of a running joke: i call it my “pee in the cup” list. i never wrote about that list because espn me overruled sports fan me (smartly, in this case). just know that it doesn’t take much to get added to the list. some of my favorite ways include • skip the olympics (which has much stricter drug testing) in your prime for any dubious reason and you’re on the list. • enjoy your best season in years in your late 30s, four or five years after your last “best season,” and you’re on the list. • if you’re a skinny dude who miraculously managed to add 20 pounds of muscle to your scarecrow frame, you’re on the list. • if you chopped down the recovery time of a debilitating injury to something that just didn’t seem possible a year ago, you’re on the list. • if you were really good and really ripped at a really young age, and now your body is breaking down much sooner than it should be breaking down, you’re on the list. • if you’re exhibiting a level of superhuman endurance that has little correlation to the endurance of any of your competitors, you’re on the list. you’re on the list for reasons that, sometimes, aren’t even your fault. you’re on the list because of mistakes your peers made, because the media foolishly trained itself to look the other way, because we learned the hard way that “absolutely incredible” usually comes with a catch. you’re on the list because your players union negotiated ironclad drug-testing rules, ostensibly to protect your rights, but really to protect your right to cheat without being judged. you’re on the list because our president claims to be a big sports fan but refuses to get involved, and apparently would rather see every sport go to hell over risking political capital and doing something about it. you’re on the list because we have blood testing in your sport yet, or biological passports, or anything else that would allow us to know if you were competing fairly or unfairly. you’re on the list because it’s 2013 and we still have our heads stuck in the sand. the following anecdote is 100 percent true nba players get tested up to four times during the course of a season. the fourth time can happen at any point from october to june, but once it happens, it. so if your fourth test occurs after your 71st game, you’re clear the rest of the way. it’s a running joke within nba circles, something of a get-out-of-jail-free card: once you pee in that fourth cup, you’re good to go. put whatever you want into your body. feel like smoking enough weed to make harold and kumar blush? knock yourself out. feel like replacing your blood with cleaner blood so you have more endurance for the playoffs? knock yourself out. feel like starting a testosterone cycle because you might have to play 25 grueling playoff games over the next 10 weeks? knock yourself out. remember how competitive these guys are. what would they do for an edge? how far would they go? and why are we giving them the choice? the following anecdote is also 100 percent true not everyone tests for elevated testosterone. for the leagues or sports that do, they must account for people with naturally elevated levels of testosterone. that threshold is higher than you think because they’re accounting for biological outliers — some athletes might naturally have twice as much testosterone as the average person. all right, so let’s say you’re an nfl player that has to test three times higher than the “average” threshold before getting flagged. conceivably, you could rely on a controlled amount of hgh, something that bumps you up just not too high. maybe you jack up your testosterone levels a little under three times higher than they should be. guess what? still legal! do they have patches that can briefly bump up your levels without prolonged traces? yes, they do! did one famous athlete (not an nfl player) use that patch on his testicles to bump his levels close to that threshold, fall asleep, keep his patch on too long and subsequently fail his next test? yes, he did! it’s amazing this doesn’t happen more often. the following anecdote is also 100 percent true when bertrand berry and ty warren suffered a complete tear of their triceps, it took them six months to recover. when arizona left tackle levi brown suffered a complete tear of his triceps in august 2012, the cardinals immediately put him on their season-ending injured list. when ray lewis suffered a complete tear of his triceps in mid-october, we thought he was finished for the season only he returned to action a little more than two months later. during the third month of his “recovery,” he made 17 tackles in a double-overtime playoff game in denver. in 13-degree weather. at age 37. so when lewis’s name landed in this week’s ped scandal, nobody tumbled over in shock. we wasted the rest of super bowl week talking about him, wondering whether he cheated, watching his denial for signs that he was lying, googling “deer antler spray” and talking about everything other than the game. eventually, the moment will pass, like it always does. nothing will change. sadly, the collective irresponsibility of some sports media members — call it “cornballbrotheritis” — ruined any rational media member’s chances to question the current environment. you trust our ability to handle such a loaded subject, nor should you. ruined your trust too many times. i just know that athletes shouldn’t be able to have it both ways. hide behind your players unions and allow your player reps to fight against better drug testing, then flip out if jalen rose and i decide to have an impromptu “who’s on your ‘i need to see you pee in a cup’ team this year?” podcast. again, we have the technology now. we can protect clean players from competing against dirty ones. why aren’t we using it? henry abbott’s exhaustive piece on the nba and peds made a fantastic point: why did fifa make biological passports (the single best way to catch cheaters right now) mandatory for the 2014 world cup, but the nba can’t even convince its players to allow blood testing? really? you’re that fearful of what find in your blood, nba players? if you’re not fearful, why allow your representatives to make it seem like you’re that fearful? how can you expect me not to wonder if you’re cheating? especially when so many other world-class athletes are cheating? are you really expecting me to believe that don maclean, matt geiger, soumaila samake, lindsey hunter, darius miles, rashard lewis and o.j. mayo — seven guys with a combined two all-star appearances — were the only nba players who ever used banned performance enhancers? let’s see what’s in everyone’s body, once and for all. i think you’d be surprised. you’d wonder if some were glorified junkies. you’d be confused about why we placed such a belated priority on concussion awareness while continuing to ignore hgh and steroids and painkillers. why wasn’t the recent story about the nfl’s toradol waiver a bigger deal? what’s the difference between taking hgh and toradol, anyway? what does the word “performance enhancer” really mean? it’s ok to borrow a dead person’s ligament to regain your 95-mph fastball, but it’s not ok to boost your testosterone for those same results? it’s ok to travel to germany to inject stem cells into your damaged knee to stimulate recovery and regeneration, but it’s not ok to replace your blood with better blood to increase your stamina? how did we decide what’s right and wrong? did we just arbitrarily make up a bunch of rules with no correlation to one another? why our favorite athletes help us out by pushing for more accountability within their sports? the goal should be simple: total transparency. every american professional league should have the best possible testing. period. and if athletes think it’s fair well, i think it’s fair that some of them cheat. so there. i believe that ray lewis cheated. i believe that to be true based on circumstantial evidence, his age, his overcompetitiveness, the history of that specific injury, and the fact that his “recovery” made my shit detector start vibrating like a chainsaw. i believe in my right to write the previous paragraph because athletes pushed us to this point. we need better drug testing. we need blood testing. we need biological passports. we need that stuff now. not in three years. not in two years. now. i even know what i am watching anymore. i believe we need to fix this disconnect between our private conversations and our public ones. cheating in professional sports is an epidemic. wondering about the reasons behind a dramatically improved performance, or a dramatically fast recovery time, shouldn’t be considered off-limits for media members. we shouldn’t feel like scumbags bringing this stuff up. it’s part of sports. i believe that, if i played sports for a living, i would steer clear of performance enhancers no matter how many millions were at stake, no matter how famous they might make me, no matter how many titles i might win. i like to believe that, anyway. the truth is … i really know what i would do. and neither do you. i believe adrian peterson came back naturally. i need to see all day pee in a cup at the super bowl. sports fan me and espn me agree on this one. of course, if you gave us a halftime choice between beyoncé performing or ray lewis peeing in a cup, going with the peeing. welcome to sports in the 21st century.

gʊd nuz! ɪz ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈæpəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən bət ðɛr ɪz ə catch…*… ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ æt ðə ˈkɑnfərəns ɪt wɑz əˈnaʊnst ðət ˈæməˌzɑn ɪz ˈkəmɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈæpəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ðɪs ˈsəmər. jɛt ɪt simz ðət wɑz nɑt ðə ˈoʊnli bɪg ˈæpəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən nuz. həz ˈɔlsoʊ əˈnaʊnst ðət ðeɪ wɪl bi riˈlisɪŋ ə æp fər ðə ˈæpəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈsəmˌtaɪm ðɪs jɪr. hir ɪz ðə əˈnaʊnsmɛnt: ə lɔt goʊɪŋ ɔn ʤɪst nɔrθ əv ˈjuˈɛs ɪn ðə ˈsɪti əv sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ. bɪg stəf. ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt stəf. ənd əˈnaʊnsmɛnts. lɑts əv əˈnaʊnsmɛnts. soʊ ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tɪ ʃɛr wən əv ɑr oʊn. ɪn ˈɑnər əv ɔl θɪŋz ˈæpəl təˈdeɪ, wi θɔt ʃɛr ə ˈkəpəl əv skrinz frəm ɑr ˈæpəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən æp ɪn dɪˈvɛləpmənt. wi wɔnt tɪ brɪŋ ju ðə bɛst ˈpɑsəbəl æp ənd ɪkˈspɪriəns, soʊ stɪl tˈwikɪŋ ənd bət steɪ tund fər ə fɔl riˈlis. ðə ˈdaʊnˌsaɪd ɪz frəm ðə skrin ʃɑts ɪt lʊks laɪk ju bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ baɪ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɔn ðə ˈæpəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən æp. ɪt lʊks laɪk ju wɪl nid tɪ baɪ jʊr ˈmuviz ənd ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ʃoʊ ɔn ə kəmˈpjutər ər ənd vju ðɛm ɔn jʊr ˈæpəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən. wi stɪl noʊ ɪf ðə ˈæməˌzɑn ˈæpəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən æp wɪl əˈlaʊ ˈjuzərz tɪ baɪ ər rɛnt ˈmuviz ənd ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ʃoʊz θru ðə ˈæpəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈæməˌzɑn æp. frəm ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ðə æp ɪt meɪks ˈjuˈɛs ˈwəndər ɪf ðə ˈæməˌzɑn æp wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ bi ˈlɪmɪtɪd. noʊ deɪt həz bɪn sɛt fər wɪn ðə æp wɪl hɪt ðə ˈæpəl ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən wi wɪl meɪk ə poʊst wɪn wi si ɪt lɪv. pliz ˈfɑloʊ ˈjuˈɛs ɔn ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ənd tˈwɪtər fər mɔr nuz, tɪps, ənd rəvˈjuz. nid kɔrd ˈkətɪŋ tɛk səˈpɔrt? ʤɔɪn ɑr nu kɔrd ˈkətɪŋ tɛk səˈpɔrt ˈfeɪsˌbʊk grup fər hɛlp.

good news! vudu is coming to the apple tv but there is a catch… yesterday at the wwdc conference it was announced that amazon is coming to the apple tv this summer. yet it seems that was not the only big apple tv news. vudu has also announced that they will be releasing a vudu app for the apple tv sometime this year. here is the announcement: there’s a lot going on just north of us in the city of san francisco. big stuff. important stuff. and announcements. lots of announcements. so we’ve decided to share one of our own. in honor of all things apple today, we thought we’d share a couple of screens from our apple tv app that’s in development. we want to bring you the best possible app and vudu experience, so we’re still tweaking and fine-tuning – but stay tuned for a fall release. the downside is from the screen shots it looks like you won’t be able to buy anything on the apple tv vudu app. it looks like you will need to buy your vudu movies and tv show on a computer or roku and view them on your apple tv. we still don’t know if the amazon apple tv app will allow users to buy or rent movies and tv shows through the apple tv amazon app. from looking at the vudu app it makes us wonder if the amazon app will also be limited. no date has been set for when the vudu app will hit the apple tv we will make a post when we see it live. please follow us on facebook and twitter for more news, tips, and reviews. need cord cutting tech support? join our new cord cutting tech support facebook group for help.

xiaomi’s* ˈnuli lɔnʧt ənd laɪt wɛnt ɔn seɪl fər ðə fərst taɪm ɪn ˈɪndiə təˈdeɪ ənd həz rɪˈsivd ən ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv rɪˈspɑns. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni kleɪmz ðət ɪt ˈmænɪʤd tɪ sɛl ˈoʊvər ˈjunɪts əv ənd laɪt wɪˈθɪn ʤɪst 3 ˈmɪnəts əv seɪl goʊɪŋ lɪv. ðə wər ɪkˈsklusɪvli əˈveɪləbəl ɔn ˈæməˌzɑn ˈɪndiə ənd oʊn ˈɔnˌlaɪn stɔr. ðə nɛkst seɪl fər ðə wɪl teɪk pleɪs ɔn noʊˈvɛmbər 15 ənd ðə foʊnz ər ˈɔlsoʊ ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ bi əˈveɪləbəl θru ˈɔˌflaɪn stɔrz ɛz wɛl. ðə ɪz praɪst æt rs*. fər ðə ˈstɔrɪʤ ənd ræm ˈvɛriənt ənd rs*. fər ðə ræm ənd ˈstɔrɪʤ ˈvɛriənt. ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, ðə laɪt ɪz praɪst æt rs*. ˈfiʧərz ə dɪˈspleɪ wɪθ ə skrin ˌrɛzəˈluʃən əv 1280 ɛks 720 ˈpɪksəlz. ðɛr ɪz ə leɪər əv gərˈɪlə glæs ɔn tɔp əv ðə dɪˈspleɪ, prəˈtɛktɪŋ ɪt frəm ˈmaɪnər ˈskræʧɪz. ˈəndər ðə hʊd, ɪt ɪz paʊərd baɪ ə kˈwɑlˌkɑm sˈnæpˌdrægən 435 ˈprɑˌsɛsər, pɛrd wɪθ 505 gpu*. ðə ɪz əˈveɪləbəl ɪn tu ˈdɪfərənt ˈvɛriənts ræm ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈstɔrɪʤ ənd ræm ˈɑnˌbɔrd ˈstɔrɪʤ. ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ə kɑrd slɑt fər ˈfərðər ɪkˈspændɪŋ ðə ˈstɔrɪʤ kəˈpæsɪti. ɪt ˈfiʧərz ə ˈkæmərə, wɪθ lɛnz, selfie”*” laɪt, ənd ˈæpərʧər. ɔn ðə bæk, ðɛr ɪz ə ˈkæmərə wɪθ feɪz dɪˈtɛkʃən autofocus*, duəl lɛd ənd ˈæpərʧər. ðɛr ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ ə ˈsərkjələr ˈfɪŋgərˌprɪnt ˈsɛnsər æt ðə bæk ənd ˈɔlsoʊ kəmz wɪθ ən ˈblæstər. ɪt ɪz paʊərd baɪ ə ˈbætəri. rɛd mɔr: 5 5 pləs wɪθ skrinz meɪ gɪt ənˈveɪld sun ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, ðə laɪt ˈfiʧərz ðə seɪm sɛt əv ˌspɛsəfəˈkeɪʃənz ɛz əˈpɑrt frəm ˈprɑˌsɛsər ənd ˈmɛməri. ðə laɪt ɪz paʊərd baɪ sˈnæpˌdrægən 425 ˈprɑˌsɛsər, wɪθ ræm əˈlɔŋ wɪθ əv ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈstɔrɪʤ. boʊθ ənd laɪt kəmz wɪθ ˈænˌdrɔɪd 8 out-of-the-box*, bət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni həz əˈʃʊrd ðət ðə wɪl rɪˈsiv 9 ˈəpˌdeɪts ðɪs mənθ ˌɪtˈsɛlf.

xiaomi’s newly launched smartphones — redmi y1 and redmi y1 lite went on sale for the first time in india today and has received an impressive response. the company claims that it managed to sell over 150,000 units of redmi y1 and redmi y1 lite within just 3 minutes of sale going live. the smartphones were exclusively available on amazon india and mi.com — xiaomi’s own online store. the next sale for the smartphones will take place on november 15 and the phones are also expected to be available through offline stores as well. the xiaomi redmi y1 is priced at rs. 8,999 for the 32gb storage and 3gb ram variant and rs. 10,999 for the 4gb ram and 64gb storage variant. on the other hand, the xiaomi redmi y1 lite is priced at rs. 6,999. xiaomi redmi y1 features a 5.5-inch hd display with a screen resolution of 1280 x 720 pixels. there is a layer of gorilla glass on top of the display, protecting it from minor scratches. under the hood, it is powered by a 1.4 ghz qualcomm snapdragon 435 octa-core 64-bit processor, paired with adreno 505 gpu. the smartphone is available in two different variants — 3gb ram + 32gb internal storage and 4gb ram + 64gb onboard storage. there is also a microsd card slot for further expanding the phone’s storage capacity. it features a 16-megapixel front-facing camera, with 76.4-degrees wide-angle lens, “led selfie” light, and f/2.0 aperture. on the back, there is a 13-megapixel camera with phase detection autofocus, dual led and f/2.2 aperture. there is also a circular fingerprint sensor at the back and also comes with an ir blaster. it is powered by a 3,080mah non-removable battery. read more: xiaomi redmi 5, 5 plus with 18:9 screens may get unveiled soon on the other hand, the xiaomi redmi y1 lite features the same set of specifications as redmi y1, apart from processor and memory. the redmi y1 lite is powered by qualcomm’s snapdragon 425 processor, with 2gb ram along with 16gb of internal storage. both redmi y1 and redmi y1 lite comes with android 7.1 nougat-based miui 8 out-of-the-box, but the company has assured that the smartphones will receive miui 9 updates this month itself.

ˈrəʃəz ˈdumə wɪl voʊt ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ɔn ə bɪl ðət ɪz ˈkɔzɪŋ ə stər əˈbrɔd. æt ˈɪʃu ɪz ðə səˈspɛnʃən əv ən ɑrmz kənˈtroʊl əˈgrimənt bɪtˈwin ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ənd ˈrəʃə ðət kɔlz fər ðə dɪˈspoʊzəl əv pluˈtoʊniəm. ˈrəʃən ˈprɛzɪdənt vˈlædəmɪr ˈputɪn əˈnaʊnst ðə stɛp ɪn ˈərli ɑkˈtoʊbər. ðə bɪl simz ˈsərtən tɪ pæs ˈrəʃəz loʊər haʊs əv ˈpɑrləmɛnt, wɛr ðə ˈkrɛmlɪn ˈpɑrti "juˈnaɪtɪd ˈrəʃə" hoʊldz ə ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃənəl məˈʤɔrəti. ɪt kʊd ˈivɪn pæs juˈnænəməsli. ˈgɪtɪŋ θru ˈrəʃəz ˈfɛdərəl ˈkaʊnsəl simz ʤɪst ɛz ˈsərtən, ɪn wɪʧ keɪs ðə bɪl kʊd bɪˈkəm lɔ ɛz ˈərli ɛz nɛkst wik. ðə ərˈɪʤənəl əˈgrimənt bɪtˈwin ˈrəʃəz steɪt ˈnukliər ˈɛnərʤi ˌkɔrpərˈeɪʃən ənd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈɛnərʤi wɑz nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪtɪd ɪn ðə leɪt ənd saɪnd ɪn 2000 ðə dil kɔld fər ðə dɪˈspoʊzəl əv 34 tənz əv pluˈtoʊniəm baɪ boʊθ ˈpɑrtiz. ˌbiˈsaɪdz biɪŋ ɪkˈspɛnsɪv tɪ meɪnˈteɪn, ðiz ˈstɑkˌpaɪlz əv ˈhaɪli ˌreɪdioʊˈæktɪv koʊld wɔr ˈlɛfˌtoʊvərz bɪˈkeɪm rɪˈdəndənt ˈæftər boʊθ ˈkəntriz əˈgrid tɪ rɪˈdəkʃənz ɪn ðɛr rɪˈspɛktɪv ˈnukliər ˈɑrsənəlz. ˈmɔˌskaʊ bleɪmz ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˈputɪn geɪv tu ˈrizənz fər ðə dɪˈsɪʒən: wən ˈfɔrməl, wən ˌʤioʊpəˈlɪtɪkəl. ˈfərstli, hi sɪz ðət ˈwɔʃɪŋtən həz nɑt əˈbaɪdɪd baɪ ðə ˈmɛθədz əv dɪˈspoʊzəl ˈaʊˌtlaɪnd ɪn ə 2010 ˈproʊtəˌkɔl. ðət əˈgrimənt ˈstɪpjəˌleɪtɪd ðət pluˈtoʊniəm bi ˌɪnˈsɪnərˌeɪtɪd æt ˈnukliər fəˈsɪlɪtiz, ðəs ˈrɛndərɪŋ ɪt ənˈjuzəbəl. ˈrəʃə, fər ɪts pɑrt, bɪlt ə fəˈsɪlɪti æt wɪʧ pluˈtoʊniəm kʊd bi mɪkst wɪθ jərˈeɪniəm. ðət mɪks wɑz ðɛn tɪ bi juzd tɪ ˈproʊdus ˈɛnərʤi æt ə ˈnukliər fəˈsɪlɪti ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd bɪɔnd ðə ˈjʊrəl ˈmaʊntənz. ðə ˈjuˈɛs həz noʊ səʧ fəˈsɪlɪtiz, ənd meɪd ðə dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ stɔr ɪts pluˈtoʊniəm ˈəndərˌgraʊnd. ðət ɪz ə ˈprɑbləm frəm ˈrəʃəz pɔɪnt əv vju bɪˈkəz ðə məˈtɪriəl kʊd ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəli bi riuzd. ðə fɔlt laɪz wɪθ ðə ˈjuˈɛs ðət ɪz haʊ ˈputɪn ˈʤəstəˌfaɪz hɪz dɪˈsɪʒən ˈputɪn sɛd ðət ə "ˈkɑrdɪnəl ʧeɪnʤ" ɪn riˈleɪʃənz bɪtˈwin ðə ˈjuˈɛs ənd ˈrəʃə wɑz ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈrizən fər ðə dɪˈsɪʒən. ɪn ən əˈdɪʃənəl ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən tɪ ðə prəˈpoʊzd bɪl, ðə ˈkrɛmlɪn bɔs ˈlɪstɪd ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈnɛgətɪv dɪˈvɛləpmənts: ðiz reɪnʤ frəm ən ˌɪnˈkrist ˈjuˈɛs ənd ˈneɪtoʊ ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈprɛzəns ɪn ˈistərn ˈjʊrəp tɪ ˈwɛstərn ˈsæŋkʃənz ˌɪmˈpoʊzd ˈæftər ˈrəʃəz ˌænɛkˈseɪʃən əv juˈkreɪnz ˌkraɪˈmiən pəˈnɪnsələ. ˈrəʃəz ˈfɔrən ˈmɪnɪstri sɛd ðət ˈmɔˌskaʊ wʊd bi ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ ˌriɪnˈsteɪt ðə pluˈtoʊniəm dɪˈspoʊzəl əˈgrimənt ɛz sun ɛz ðə əˈfɔrˌmɛnʃənd ˈprɑbləmz ər riˈzɑlvd. ˈrəʃə nɑt ˈoʊnli ˌɪnˈsɪsts ðət ðə ˈjuˈɛs lɪft ɪts ˈsæŋkʃənz, bət, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈmɔˌskaʊ, ɪkˈspɛkts ˌfaɪˈnænʃəl ˌkɑmpənˈseɪʃən fər ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk ˈdæmɪʤɪz. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, prɛs ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri, peskov*, dɪˈnaɪd ˈɛni dɪˈrɛkt ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃən, seɪɪŋ ðət ɪt wʊd bi rɔŋ tɪ spik əv ˈmɔˌskaʊ ˈmeɪkɪŋ "dɪˈmændz." ˈputɪn, hi sɪz, wɑz ʤɪst leɪɪŋ aʊt ɪn ˈditeɪl ðə ˈbækˌdrɑp əˈgɛnst wɪʧ hɪz dɪˈsɪʒən wɑz meɪd. ˈfɑloʊɪŋ əp ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrt bæn ðə əˈnaʊnsmɛnt wɑz mɛt wɪθ əˈpruvəl ɪn ˈrəʃə, wɪθ moʊst ˌpɑləˈtɪʃənz siɪŋ ɪt ɛz ə ˈlɑʤɪkəl stɛp. səm ɪkˈsprɛst ðə əˈpɪnjən ðət ðə pluˈtoʊniəm wɑz ˈnɛsəˌsɛri ɪn laɪt əv ðə θrɛt poʊzd baɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛs. ðət dɪˈrɛkli ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkts ˈmɔˌskoʊz əˈfɪʃəl pəˈzɪʃən, ˌhaʊˈɛvər. ˈrəʃə həz swɔrn ðət ɪt wɪl nɑt juz pluˈtoʊniəm ˈskɛʤʊld tɪ bi dɪˈspoʊzd əv fər ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈpərpəsɪz. ɪt rɪˈmeɪnz ənˈklɪr wət wɪl ˈhæpən tɪ ðə pluˈtoʊniəm ɪn ˈrəʃə səm ˈɛkspərts bɪˈliv ðət ðə səˈspɛnʃən əv ðə əˈgrimənt ɪz ˈmɔˌskoʊz ˈsɛkənd bɪg ˈænsər tɪ ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈkraɪsəs ɪn ɪts riˈleɪʃənˌʃɪp wɪθ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ðeɪ seɪ ɪt ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ə kaɪnd əv "plæn bi" tɪ ˈfɑloʊ ðə ðət ɪt ˌɪmˈpoʊzd ɪn ðə ˈsəmər əv 2014 bæk ðɛn, ˈmɔˌskaʊ ɛˈnæktəd ən ˌɪmˈpɔrt bæn ɔn fud frəm ˈkəntriz ðət hæd ˌɪmˈpoʊzd ˈsæŋkʃənz ɔn ˈrəʃə fər ɪts roʊl ɪn ðə ˈkraɪsəs ɪn juˈkreɪn. noʊ ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz jɛt ðɛr ər ðoʊz hu si ðə muv ɛz ə ˈpjʊrli sɪmˈbɑlɪk ˈʤɛsʧər. "aɪ ˈrɪli doʊnt si ˈɛni ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz, ˈniðər ˈtɛknɪkəli, nɔr ˌmɪləˈtɛrəli," sɛd ˈmɔˌskaʊ sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈɛkspərt wɪn ˈspikɪŋ wɪθ ðə nuz ˈeɪʤənsi ˈɪntərˌfæks. ðə fækt ɪz ðə əˈgrimənt həz bɪn ˌɪnˈvæləd ənd lɔst ɔl ˈrɛləvəns lɔŋ əˈgoʊ, hi ˈædɪd. vˈlædəmɪr frəm ðə ˌkɑrˈneɪgi ˈmɔˌskaʊ ˈsɛnər siz θɪŋz ˈsɪmələrli, hi θɪŋks ðət ðə dɪˈsɪʒən ɪz "praɪˈmɛrəli ə pəˈlɪtɪkəl stɛp." ɪt ɪz ˈkərəntli ənˈklɪr wət wɪl ˈhæpən tɪ ˈrəʃəz pluˈtoʊniəm. ˈmɔˌskaʊ həz ˈgɪvɪn noʊ spɪˈsɪfɪks ɔn ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt. ðə ˈoʊnli θɪŋ ðət ɪz klɪr ɪz ðət ɪt ɪz ˌɪˈrɛləvənt tɪ ˈrəʃəz ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri strɛŋθ. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ˈɛstəˌmeɪts, ˈrəʃə ɪz ˈsɪtɪŋ ɔn səm 130 tənz əv pluˈtoʊniəm məʧ mɔr ðən ˈɛni ˈəðər ˈnukliər paʊər, ənd 40 tənz mɔr ðən ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts. ˈrəʃə ɪz nɑt ɪnˈgeɪʤd ɪn "ˈseɪbər ˈrætəlɪŋ" ənd ɪz nɑt traɪɪŋ tɪ skɛr ˈɛniˌwən, roʊt ðə ˈrəʃən ˈgəvərnmənt ˈdeɪli gəˈzɛtə." bət ðə ˈpeɪpər wɛnt ɔn tɪ raɪt ðət ðɛr wɑz noʊ pɔɪnt ɪn ˌjunəˈlætərəli dɪˈspoʊzɪŋ əv 34 tənz əv pluˈtoʊniəm: "ðət maɪt tɛmpt ðə ˈædvərˌsɛri tɪ gɪt ɪts tɔɪz bæk aʊt."

russia's duma will vote wednesday on a bill that is causing a stir abroad. at issue is the suspension of an arms control agreement between the united states and russia that calls for the disposal of weapons-grade plutonium. russian president vladimir putin announced the step in early october. the bill seems certain to pass russia's lower house of parliament, where the kremlin party "united russia" holds a constitutional majority. it could even pass unanimously. getting through russia's federal council seems just as certain, in which case the bill could become law as early as next week. the original agreement between russia's rosatom state nuclear energy corporation and the united states department of energy was negotiated in the late 1990s and signed in 2000. the deal called for the disposal of 34 tons of weapons-grade plutonium by both parties. besides being exorbitantly expensive to maintain, these stockpiles of highly radioactive cold war leftovers became redundant after both countries agreed to reductions in their respective nuclear arsenals. moscow blames washington putin gave two reasons for the decision: one formal, one geopolitical. firstly, he says that washington has not abided by the methods of disposal outlined in a 2010 protocol. that agreement stipulated that weapons-grade plutonium be incinerated at nuclear facilities, thus rendering it unusable. russia, for its part, built a facility at which weapons-grade plutonium could be mixed with uranium. that mix was then to be used to produce energy at a nuclear facility located beyond the ural mountains. the us has no such facilities, and made the decision to store its plutonium underground. that is a problem from russia's point of view because the material could theoretically be reused. the fault lies with the us - that is how putin justifies his decision putin said that a "cardinal change" in relations between the us and russia was the second reason for the decision. in an additional explanation to the proposed bill, the kremlin boss listed a number of negative developments: these range from an increased us and nato military presence in eastern europe to western sanctions imposed after russia's annexation of ukraine's crimean peninsula. russia's foreign ministry said that moscow would be willing to reinstate the plutonium disposal agreement as soon as the aforementioned problems are resolved. russia not only insists that the us lift its sanctions, but, according to moscow, expects financial compensation for economic damages. however, putin's press secretary, dmitry peskov, denied any direct correlation, saying that it would be wrong to speak of moscow making "demands." putin, he says, was just laying out in detail the backdrop against which his decision was made. following up the import ban the announcement was met with approval in russia, with most politicians seeing it as a logical step. some expressed the opinion that the plutonium was necessary in light of the threat posed by the us. that directly contradicts moscow's official position, however. russia has sworn that it will not use plutonium scheduled to be disposed of for military purposes. it remains unclear what will happen to the weapons-grade plutonium in russia some experts believe that the suspension of the agreement is moscow's second big answer to the current crisis in its relationship with the united states. they say it represents a kind of "plan b" to follow the counter-sanctions that it imposed in the summer of 2014. back then, moscow enacted an import ban on food from countries that had imposed sanctions on russia for its role in the crisis in ukraine. no military consequences yet there are those who see the move as a purely symbolic gesture. "i really don't see any consequences, neither technically, nor militarily," said moscow security expert alexey arbatov when speaking with the news agency interfax. the fact is the agreement has been invalid and lost all relevance long ago, he added. vladimir dvorkin from the carnegie moscow center sees things similarly, he thinks that the decision is "primarily a political step." it is currently unclear what will happen to russia's weapons-grade plutonium. moscow has given no specifics on the subject. the only thing that is clear is that it is irrelevant to russia's military strength. according to estimates, russia is sitting on some 130 tons of weapons-grade plutonium - much more than any other nuclear power, and 40 tons more than the united states. russia is not engaged in "saber rattling" and is not trying to scare anyone, wrote the russian government daily "rossiyskaya gazeta." but the paper went on to write that there was no point in unilaterally disposing of 34 tons of plutonium: "that might tempt the adversary to get its toys back out."

ðɪs ɪz ə lɪst əv non-u.s*. rɪˈsɪpiənts əv juz. ˈgæləntri əˈwɔrdz. ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl əˈwɔrdz fər ˈvælər ˈɛdət ˈəðər ðən ðə əˈwɔrdz tɪ ənˈnoʊn ˈsoʊlʤərz əv wərld wɔr aɪ, ðə ˈmɛdəl əv ˈɑnər, ðə haɪəst juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈvælər ˌdɛkərˈeɪʃən, həz nɑt bɪn əˈwɔrdɪd tɪ ə non-u.s*. rɪˈsɪpiənt. ðə haɪəst ˈvælər ˌdɛkərˈeɪʃən wɪʧ non-u.s*. ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz meɪ rɪˈsiv ɪz ðə ˈsərvɪs ˈkrɔsɪz əv ðə ˈsərvɪsɪz ðə ˈɑrmi dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈsərvɪs krɔs, ðə ˈneɪvi krɔs, ənd ðə ɛr fɔrs krɔs. tɪ deɪt, noʊ əˈwɔrdz əv ðə ɛr fɔrs krɔs hæv bɪn meɪd tɪ non-u.s*. ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz. ðə ˈɑrmi həz əˈwɔrdɪd 440 dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈsərvɪs ˈkrɔsɪz tɪ non-u.s*. ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz, wɪθ moʊst əv ðiz ˈhævɪŋ kəm ɪn wərld wɔr aɪ 154 ənd wərld wɔr 258 ðə ˈneɪvi ənd mərˈin kɔrz hæv əˈwɔrdɪd 124 ˈneɪvi ˈkrɔsɪz tɪ non-u.s*. ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz, əˈgɛn wɪθ moʊst əv ðiz ˈhævɪŋ kəm ɪn wərld wɔr aɪ 100 ənd wərld wɔr 19 əˈməŋ ˈnoʊtəbəl rɪˈsɪpiənts əv ðiz ˌdɛkərˈeɪʃənz wər: wərld wɔr aɪ ˈɛdət wərld wɔr ˈɛdət ˌkɔˈriən wɔr ˈɛdət viˌɛtˈnɑm wɔr ˈɛdət əˈwɔrdz tɪ ənˈnoʊn ˈsoʊlʤərz ˈɛdət juˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm ˈɛdət ɔn noʊˈvɛmbər 11 1920 ən ˌənaɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈsoʊlʤər frəm ə ˈbætəlˌfild əv ðə fərst wərld wɔr wɑz ˈbɛrid æt ðə ˈwɛstərn ɛnd əv ðə neɪv əv ˌwɛstˈmɪnstər ˈæbi. ðə tum əv ðə ənˈnoʊn ˈwɔrjər ɛz ɪt keɪm tɪ bi noʊn, wɑz tɪ sərv ɛz ə məˈmɔriəl tɪ ɔl əv ðə ˈsoʊlʤərz hu hæd noʊ noʊn greɪv. ɔn ɑkˈtoʊbər 17 1921 ðə ənˈnoʊn ˈwɔrjər wɑz pərˈzɛnəd wɪθ ðə ˈmɛdəl əv ˈɑnər, ðə haɪəst əˈwɔrd fər ˈgæləntri kənˈfərd baɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, baɪ ˈʤɛnərəl ʤɑn ʤeɪ. ˈpərʃɪŋ, ʧif əv stæf əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈɑrmi. ðə ˈmɛdəl əv ˈɑnər wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd baɪ ən ækt əv ˈkɑŋgrəs əˈpruvd mɑrʧ 4 1921 ðə ˈmɛdəl hæŋz ɪn ə freɪm ɔn ə ˈpɪlər kloʊz tɪ ðə tum. ˈbɛlʤəm ˈɛdət ðə ˈbɛlʤən tum əv ðə ənˈnoʊn ˈsoʊlʤər (frɛnʧ: də inconnu*, dəʧ: græf væn də soldaat*) ɪz ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ˈbrəsəlz. ɪn wɔr dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈʤɛnərəl ˈɔrdərz noʊ. 52 əv 1922 ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts əˈnaʊnst ðə əˈwɔrd əv ðə ˈmɛdəl əv ˈɑnər tɪ ðə ˈbɛlʤən ənˈnoʊn ˈsoʊlʤər: "baɪ ˈvərʧu əv ðə əˈθɔrəti ˈvɛstɪd baɪ lɔ ɪn ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈmɛdəl əv ˈɑnər, ˈɛmbləm əv ðə haɪəst ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri aɪˈdilz ənd ˈvərʧuz, ɪz bɪˈstoʊd ɪn ðə neɪm əv ðə ˈkɑŋgrəs əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts əˈpɑn ðə ənˈnoʊn, ˌənaɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ˈbɛlʤən ˈsoʊlʤər ɪn ə dɪˈzaɪər tɪ æd ɔl ðət ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ ðə ˈglɔri wən baɪ ðə ˈsoʊlʤərz əv ˈbɛlʤəm hu fɔt ɛz ˈkɑmˌrædz əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈsoʊlʤərz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə wərld wɔr, ənd tɪ kəˈmɛmərˌeɪt wɪθ ðɛm ðə didz əv ðə ˈneɪʃənz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts əv əˈmɛrɪkə, baɪ peɪɪŋ ðɪs ˈtrɪbjut tɪ ðɛr ənˈnoʊn fræns ˈɛdət ðə frɛnʧ tum əv ðə ənˈnoʊn ˈsoʊlʤər (frɛnʧ: də inconnu*) ɪz ˈloʊˌkeɪtəd ɪn ðə ɑrk də triˈoʊmf ɪn ˈpɛrɪs. ðə əˈwɔrd əv ðə ˈmɛdəl əv ˈɑnər keɪm ɪn ðə seɪm ækt əv ˈkɑŋgrəs əv mɑrʧ 4 1921 wɪʧ əˈpruvd ðə əˈwɔrd tɪ ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ənˈnoʊn ˈɪtəli ˈɛdət ə ʤɔɪnt ˌrɛzəˈluʃən əv ˈkɑŋgrəs ɔn ɑkˈtoʊbər 12 1921 əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ˈmɛdəl əv ˈɑnər "əˈpɑn ðə ənˈnoʊn, ˌənaɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ˌɪˈtæljən ˈsoʊlʤər tɪ bi ˈbɛrid ɪn ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈmɑnjəmənt tɪ ˈvɪktər ɪˈmænjuəl, ɪn roʊˈmeɪniə ˈɛdət wɔr dɪˈpɑrtmənt ˈʤɛnərəl ˈɔrdərz noʊ. 22 əv ʤun 6 1923 əˈnaʊnst ðə əˈwɔrd əv ðə ˈmɛdəl əv ˈɑnər tɪ ðə roʊˈmeɪniən ənˈnoʊn ˈsoʊlʤər: "baɪ ˈvərʧu əv ðə əˈθɔrəti ˈvɛstɪd baɪ lɔ ɪn ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, ðə kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈmɛdəl əv ˈɑnər, ˈɛmbləm əv ðə haɪəst ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri aɪˈdilz ənd ˈvərʧuz, ɪz bɪˈstoʊd ɪn ðə neɪm əv ðə ˈkɑŋgrəs əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts əˈpɑn ðə ənˈnoʊn, ˌənaɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ruˈmeɪnjən ˈsoʊlʤər ɪn ə dɪˈzaɪər tɪ æd ɔl ðət ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl tɪ ðə ˈglɔri wən baɪ ðə ˈsoʊlʤərz əv ruˈmeɪniə hu fɔt ɛz ˈkɑmˌrædz əv ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˈsoʊlʤərz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə wərld wɔr, ənd tɪ kəˈmɛmərˌeɪt wɪθ ðɛm ðə didz əv ðə ˈneɪʃənz əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd wɪθ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts əv əˈmɛrɪkə, baɪ peɪɪŋ ðɪs ˈtrɪbjut tɪ ðɛr ənˈnoʊn ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃənz ˈɛdət wərld wɔr ˈɛdət 25 fild ˈbætəri, rɔɪəl ɑrˈtɪləri ˈɛdət ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər 1944 ˈjuˈɛs ˈɑrmərd dɪˈvɪʒən wɑz ˈhoʊldɪŋ ə ˈvɛri lɔŋ strɛʧ əv ðə ˈæˌlaɪd laɪn ɪn ðə ˈnɛðərləndz wɪn ə ˈʤərmən fɔrs əv tæŋks ənd ˈɪnfəntri əˈtækt ənd ˈkæpʧərd ðə smɔl taʊn əv ɪn ðə ˈsɛntər əv ðə dɪˈvɪʒənz laɪn; ðə ˈvɪlɪʤ əv wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ θˈrɛtənd. ɛz ˈɑrmərd wɑz ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈəndər ˈbrɪtɪʃ kɔrz æt ðə taɪm, ðə kɔrz kəˈmændər, ʤɛn sər ˈrɪʧərd oʊˈkɑnər, sɛnt fild ˈrɛʤəmənt tɪ səˈpɔrt ðə ˈjuˈɛs fɔrˈmeɪʃən. ðə ˈʤərmən əˈtæk ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪˌfaɪd ənd ðə ɑrˈtɪləri ˈrɛʤəmənt, əˈspɛʃəli 25 fild ˈbætəri, pleɪd ə ˈkrɪtɪkəl roʊl ˈoʊvər tu ənd ə hæf deɪz ɪn ɪnˈʃʊrɪŋ ðət ðə laɪn wɑz nɑt ˈbroʊkən. ɔn ðə ˌæftərˈnun əv 28 ɑkˈtoʊbər, 25 ˈbætəri ɪnˈgeɪʤd ˈɛnəmi tæŋks ənd ˈɪnfəntri kənˈtɪnjuəsli fər tu aʊərz, ˈkɔzɪŋ ˈmɛni ˈkæʒəwəltiz ɪn ðə əˈtækərz' ræŋks. ˌɔlˈðoʊ ðə ˈʤərmənz ədˈvænst səm jɑrdz, ðɛr ədˈvæns wɑz hɛld. ˈfərðər ˌriɪnˈfɔrsmənts, frəm (ˈskɑtɪʃ) dɪˈvɪʒən, əraɪvd ɔn ðə ənd ˈɑrmərd wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ wɪθˈdrɔ, ˈhævɪŋ ˈsəfərd ˈhɛvəli bət nɑt ˈhævɪŋ əˈlaʊd ðə ˈɛnəmi tɪ pæs. fər ɪts pɑrt ɪn ðə ˈbætəl, 25 ˈbætəri wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ə dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən ənd ən ˈɑnər ˈtaɪtəl, bɪˈkəmɪŋ 25 (asten*) ˈbætəri, rɔɪəl ɑrˈtɪləri. ɪn 1947 ɪt wɑz ɛz 59 (asten*) ˈbætəri ənd ɪz təˈdeɪ 59 (asten*) ˈtreɪnɪŋ ˈbætəri. noʊ. 2 ənd 13 skˈwɑdrən, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ɛr fɔrs ˈɛdət noʊ. 2 ənd 13 skˈwɑdrən, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ɛr fɔrs wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ðə dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən fər ɪts ˈsərvɪs ɪn ðə tiˈmɔr ˈɛriə ɪn ˈɔgəst tɪ sɛpˈtɛmbər 1942 dɪˈspaɪt biɪŋ əˈwɔrdɪd ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər 1942 ðə wɑz nɑt əˈfɪʃəli pərˈzɛnəd tɪ ðə skˈwɑdrən ənˈtɪl meɪ 1990 ðə dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən wɑz ˈæftər wərld wɔr ɛz ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən. frɛnʧ ˈɑrmərd dɪˈvɪʒən ˈɛdət ðə frɛnʧ ˈɑrmərd dɪˈvɪʒən dɪˈvɪʒən blindée*) wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ðə dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən fər ðə ˌlɪˌbərˈeɪʃən əv ənd ˈstræsˌbɔrg ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈpɪriəd frəm 16 tɪ 24 noʊˈvɛmbər ˈmɑrʧɪŋ ˈrɛʤəmənt əv ðə ˈfɔrən ˈliʤən ˈɛdət dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən wɪθ ðə ˌɪnˈskrɪpʃən ælps" fər ˈmɑrʧɪŋ ˈrɛʤəmənt əv ðə ˈfɔrən ˈliʤən (frɛnʧ: də mɑrʃ də lɑ etrangère*,); ɛz ˈfɔrən ˈɪnfəntri ˈrɛʤəmənt (frɛnʧ: d'infanterie,3èmerei*) ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1 1945 fər ðə ˈækʃənz ɪn ðə draɪv əv ðə sɪksθ juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈɑrmi grup, əv wɪʧ ðə frɛnʧ fərst ˈɑrmi wɑz pɑrt, əˈkrɔs ðə raɪn ˈrɪvər ˈɪntu ˈsəðərn ˈʤərməni tɪ bəˈvɛriə ənd ˈɔstriə ɪn 1945 brəˈzɪljən ˈfaɪtər grup ˈɛdət ɔn ˈeɪprəl 22 1986 ðə brəˈzɪljən ˈfaɪtər grup wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ðə dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən fər ɪts ˈækʃənz ɪn ðə poʊ ˈvæli ˈriʤən əv ˈɪtəli ɪn wərld wɔr. ðə brəˈzɪljənz, ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ɪn ˈɪtəli ɪn səˈpɔrt əv ˈæˌlaɪd ˈfɔrsɪz, dɪˈstrɔɪd ɪn wən deɪ (ˈeɪprəl 22 1945 ˈoʊvər 45 ˈviɪkəlz, pɑnˈtun ˈbrɪʤɪz ɔn ðə ˈrɪvər poʊ (ˈhæmpərɪŋ ə ˈʤərmən riˈtrit) ənd həræst fɪkst pəˈzɪʃənz əv ðə ˈʤərmən ˈfɔrsɪz. frəm ðə "ðə ˈkæʒəwəltiz ðət ðeɪ ˈsəfərd rɪˈdust ðɛr ˈpaɪlət strɛŋθ tɪ əˈbaʊt wən hæf ðət əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈɑrmi ɛr fɔrs skˈwɑdrənz ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ɪn ðə seɪm ˈɛriə, bət ðeɪ flu ən ˈikwəl ˈnəmbər əv ˈsɔrtiz ɛz ðɛr ˈjuˈɛs ˈkaʊntərˌpɑrts ˈilɛvən ˈmɪʃənz əv 44 ˈsɔrtiz wər floʊn dɪˈstrɔɪɪŋ naɪn ˈmoʊtər ˈtrænspɔrts ənd ˈdæmɪʤɪŋ 17 əˈdɪʃəˌnəli, ðeɪ dɪˈstrɔɪd ðə fəˈsɪlɪtiz əv ə ˈmoʊtər pul, ˌɪˈmoʊbəˌlaɪzd 35 hɔrs ˈviɪkəlz, ˈdæmɪʤd ə roʊd brɪʤ ənd ə pɑnˈtun brɪʤ, dɪˈstrɔɪd 14 ənd ˈdæmɪʤd θri ˈbɪldɪŋz, ənd əˈtækt fɔr ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri pəˈzɪʃənz ənd ˌɪnˈflɪktɪd məʧ ˈəðər ˈdæmɪʤ." ˌkɔˈriən wɔr ˈɛdət rɔɪəl mərˈinz æt ðə ˈbætəl əv ˈrɛzəvˌwɑr ˈɛdət rɔɪəl mərˈinz tæsk fɔrs ˈdraɪzˌdeɪl, ə kəmˈbaɪnd ˈjunɪt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts mərˈin dɪˈvɪʒən wɪʧ ˌɪnˈkludɪd 41 kəˈmænˌdoʊ, rɔɪəl mərˈinz, fɔrmd ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər 1950 æt ɪn saʊθ ˌkɔˈriə, wɪθ ðə eɪm əv ˈfaɪtɪŋ ɪts weɪ tɪ ˌriɪnˈfɔrs ðə ˈgærɪsən æt ɔn ðə ˈsəðərn tɪp əv ðə ˈrɛzəvˌwɑr. ðə ˈkɑləm əv ˈdraɪzˌdeɪl keɪm ˈəndər səˈsteɪnd əˈtæk ˈɔlˌmoʊst frəm ðə ɔf, bət wɑz ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˈeɪbəl tɪ fɔrs ɪts weɪ θru tɪ, wɪθ 321 ˈkæʒəwəltiz səˈsteɪnd. ɔn ˈɛnərɪŋ ðə taʊn, 41 kəˈmænˌdoʊ wɑz ˈnɑməˌneɪtəd ɛz ðə ˈgærɪsən rɪˈzərv, ənd wɑz kɔld ˈɪntu ˈækʃən ɔn ðə naɪt əv noʊˈvɛmbər 30 wɪn pɑrt əv ðə kəˈmænˌdoʊ wɑz kɔld ɔn tɪ ˌriɪnˈfɔrs ə ˈjunɪt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts mərˈin kɔrz ðət wɑz pɑrt əv ˈdraɪzˌdeɪl ɔn ə hɪl ˈoʊvərˌlʊkɪŋ ðə ʧaɪˈniz laɪnz. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs naɪt, ðə tu ʧaɪˈniz dɪˈvɪʒənz ˈfeɪsɪŋ ðɛm səˈsteɪnd ˈoʊvər 5000 ˈkæʒəwəltiz. dɪˈspaɪt ðɪs, ˈəðər juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz ˈfɔrsɪz əˈlɔŋ ðə ˈrɛzəvˌwɑr wər ˈfeɪlɪŋ tɪ hoʊld ðə laɪnz. soʊ, ðə fɔrs æt wər ˈɔrdərd tɪ wɪθˈdrɔ bæk tɪ. 41 kəˈmænˌdoʊ, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ðə mərˈin bəˈtæljən, brɔt əp ðə rɪr, bɪˈgɪnɪŋ ɔn dɪˈsɛmbər 6 ðə fɔrs stɑpt æt ɔn dɪˈsɛmbər 8 wɛr ə mæs greɪv fər 117 dɛd trups wɑz priˈpɛrd. 41 kəˈmænˌdoʊ muvd aʊt ɪn ðə ˌæftərˈnun tɪ gɑrd ðə haɪ graʊnd ˈoʊvər ðə fɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈgɛnst ˌɪnfɪlˈtreɪʃən ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə naɪt. ɔn dɪˈsɛmbər 9 ðə fɔrˈmeɪʃən muvd aʊt tɪ mɑrʧ ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ ˈdɪstəns tɪ ðə ˈbrɪˌʤhɛd, ˈgɪtɪŋ klɪr baɪ dɪˈsɛmbər 11 ənd ɛmˈbɑrkɪŋ wɪθ ˈjuˈɛs mərˈinz tɪ bi ʃɪpt daʊn tɪ ˈpusɑn. ðə ˈækʃən hæd lɛft 41 kəˈmænˌdoʊ wɪθ 93 ˈkæʒəwəltiz, ənd soʊ ðə ˈjunɪt wɑz wɪθˈdrɔn tɪ ʤəˈpæn fər ˌriɪnˈfɔrsmənt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈwɪntər əv ðə ˈækʃənz əv mərˈin dɪˈvɪʒən lɛd tɪ ɪt rɪˈsivɪŋ ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən, ə ˈjuˈɛs ˈneɪvi əˈwɔrd. ˌɔlˈðoʊ 41 kəˈmænˌdoʊ wɑz nɑt ˈmɛnʃənd ɪn ðə ərˈɪʤənəl saɪˈteɪʃən (ɛz ˈjuˈɛs ˈneɪvi ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz dɪd nɑt ərˈɪʤənəli əˈlaʊ əˈpɑn ˈfɔrən ˈfɔrsɪz), ˌrɛprəzənˈteɪʃənz tɪ ðə ˈsəbsəkwəntli lɛd tɪ ɪt ˈɔlsoʊ rɪˈsivɪŋ ðə əˈwɔrd, wɪʧ wɑz ækˈsɛptɪd ɪn 1957 ðə ˈstrimər wɑz bɔrn ɔn ðə ˌrɛʤəˈmɛntəl ˈkələr əv 41 kəˈmænˌdoʊ, rɔɪəl mərˈinz ənˈtɪl ɪts ɪn 1981 ˈjuˈɛn ˈfɔrsɪz ɪn ðə ʧaɪˈniz spərɪŋ əˈfɛnsɪv ˈɛdət ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈeɪprəl 1951 ʧaɪˈniz spərɪŋ əˈfɛnsɪv, əˈlɔŋ ðə brɛdθ əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz frənt, ˈjuˈɛn ˈfɔrsɪz feɪst əˈtæks frəm nuˈmɛrɪkli suˈpɪriər ʧaɪˈniz ˈkɑmjənəst ˈfɔrsɪz. əˈməŋ ðə ˈjunɪts wɪʧ rɪˈsivd ðə dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən fər ˈbætəlz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs əˈfɛnsɪv wər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ: ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz əv juˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm, kəˈneɪdiən, ɔˈstreɪljən ənd ˈbɛlʤən ˈjunɪts əv ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ brɪˈgeɪd stænd æt pəreɪd rɛst, ˈdʊrɪŋ ˈsɛrəˌmoʊniz ɪn wɪʧ ðə əˈmɛrɪkən ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd tɪ ðə ˈrɛʤəmənt ənd ðə ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈmɔrtər bəˈtæljən, rɔɪəl ɑrˈtɪləri, 8 meɪ 1951 frɛnʧ də ˈɛdət ðə frɛnʧ bəˈtæljən də) wɑz ə ˌvɑlənˈtɪr bəˈtæljən wɪʧ əraɪvd ɪn ˌkɔˈriə æt ðə ɛnd əv noʊˈvɛmbər 1950 ənd wɑz əˈtæʧt tɪ ðə ˈɪnfəntri ˈrɛʤəmənt əv ðə juz. ˈɪnfəntri dɪˈvɪʒən. ðə bəˈtæljən fɔt ɪn ˈnumərəs ˈbætəlz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə ˈbætəl əv ðə twɪn ˈtənəlz, chipyong-ni*, hongchon*, ˈrɛzəvˌwɑr, ðə ˈbætəl əv ˈhɑrtˌbreɪk rɪʤ, ənd ðə ˈbætəl əv ˈɛroʊˌhɛd rɪʤ, ənˈtɪl dɪˈpɑrtɪŋ ˌkɔˈriə ɪn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1953 ðə frɛnʧ bəˈtæljən ərnd θri ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃənz (fər twɪn ˈtənəlz, chipyong-ni*, ənd ˈrɛzəvˌwɑr) ənd ə riˈpəblɪk əv ˌkɔˈriə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən fər ˈɛroʊˌhɛd rɪʤ. ɪt ɪz ənˈklɪr frəm ðə ˈsɔrsəz, bət ðə ˈrɛzəvˌwɑr" saɪˈteɪʃən meɪ hæv bɪn ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən, ə ˈjuˈɛs ˈneɪvi əˈwɔrd, waɪl ðə fərst tu wər ðə ˈɑrmi ˈvərʒən əv ðə taɪm, ðə dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt ˈnɛðərləndz dɪˈtæʧmənt juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz ˈɛdət ðə dəʧ bəˈtæljən (ˈnɛðərləndz dɪˈtæʧmənt juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz ər væn bəˈtæljən) wɑz ə ˌvɑlənˈtɪr bəˈtæljən ðət wɑz pɑrt əv ðə ˈrɛʤəmənt væn wɪʧ əraɪvd ɪn ˌkɔˈriə æt ðə ɛnd əv noʊˈvɛmbər 1950 ɪt wɑz əˈtæʧt tɪ ðə ˈɪnfəntri ˈrɛʤəmənt (rɑk əv ðə marne*), wɪʧ wɑz pɑrt əv ðə ˈɪnfəntri (indianhead*) dɪˈvɪʒən. ðə bəˈtæljən fɔt ɪn ˈnumərəs ˈbætəlz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈbætəl əv wonju*, ˈrɪvər ˈbætəl, ˈbætəl əv ˈhɑrtˌbreɪk rɪʤ, ənd ɪn ðə aɪərn ˈtraɪˌæŋgəl. ɪt lɛft ˌkɔˈriə ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər 1954 ˈlivɪŋ 123 dɛd ənd 463 ˈwundɪd. ðə dəʧ bəˈtæljən wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd tu dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃənz (wɪθ ðə saɪˈteɪʃənz 'hongchon*, ˌkɔˈriə' ənd 'hoengsong*, wonju*, ˌkɔˈriə') ənd tu riˈpəblɪk əv ˌkɔˈriə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃənz fər ðə ɪnˈtaɪər kæmˈpeɪn. ðə ˌdɛkərˈeɪʃənz wər əˈtæʧt tɪ ðə bəˈtæljən flæg. ðə ˈbætəl ˈɑnər 'ˌkɔˈriə wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd tɪ ðə ˈrɛʤəmənt væn. ðə trəˈdɪʃənz əv ðə ˈnɛðərləndz dɪˈtæʧmənt juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz ər stɪl meɪnˈteɪnd baɪ ðə ˈrɛʤəmənt væn, ðə moʊst ˈdɛkərˌeɪtɪd ˈrɛʤəmənt ɪn ðə rɔɪəl ˈnɛðərləndz ˈɑrmi. ðə ˈtərkɪʃ brɪˈgeɪd ˈɛdət ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈhɛri ˈtrumən saɪnd ə dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən ɔn ˌʤuˈlaɪ 11 1951 fər ðə ˈtərkɪʃ ækts əv ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm. ɪt ridz: "ðə ˈtərkɪʃ brɪˈgeɪd, ə ˈmɛmbər əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd ˈneɪʃənz ˈfɔrsɪz ɪn ˌkɔˈriə ɪz ˈsaɪtɪd fər ɪkˈsɛpʃənəli ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ pərˈfɔrməns əv ˈduti ɪn ˈkɑmbæt ɪn ðə ˈɛriə əv kumyangjang-ni*, ˌkɔˈriə, frəm 25 tɪ 27 ˈʤænjuˌɛri 1951 grik ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃəˌnɛri fɔrs ˈɛdət ðə grik ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃəˌnɛri fɔrs (ˌkɔˈriə) rɪˈsivd ə ˈtoʊtəl əv tu dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃənz ənd wən ˈneɪvi ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən. ðə tu ˈɑrmi əˈwɔrdz wɛnt tɪ ðə ˈfɔrsɪz ˈɪnfəntri bəˈtæljən (noʊn ɛz ðə ˈspɑrtɑ bəˈtæljən) fər ðə ˈkæpʧər əv skɑʧ hɪl (ɑkˈtoʊbər 1951 ənd ðə dɪˈfɛns əv ˈaʊtˌpoʊst ˈhɛri ʤun 1953 waɪl flaɪt 13 əv ðə həˈlɛnɪk ɛr fɔrs wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən fər ɪts hɪˈroʊɪk ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən əv ˈjuˈɛs mərˈinz frəm (dɪˈsɛmbər 1950 ðə ˈraɪfəl ˈkəmpəˌni ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ðə dɪˈfɛns əv ˈaʊtˌpoʊst ˈhɛri rɪˈsivd ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən: "dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ðə ˈɑrmi ˈwɔʃɪŋtən di. si., 10 mɑrʧ 1955 ˈʤɛnərəl ˈɔrdərz 18 dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən ˈkəmpəˌni pi grik ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃəˌnɛri ˈfɔrsɪz bəˈtæljən (ˈsɛkənd əˈwɔrd) ɪz ˈsaɪtɪd fər ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm ənd ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ pərˈfɔrməns əv ˈduti ɪn ˈækʃən əˈgɛnst ən ɑrmd ˈɛnəmi ɪn ðə vɪˈsɪnɪti əv surang-ni*, ˌkɔˈriə ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈpɪriəd 17 ʤun tɪ 18 ʤun 1953 əˈsaɪnd ðə dɪˈfɛns əv ə ˈvaɪtəl ˈaʊtˌpoʊst pəˈzɪʃən (ˈhɛri), ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ɪnˈkaʊnərd ə ˈmeɪʤər ˈɛnəmi əˈsɔlt ɔn ðə ˈivnɪŋ əv ʤun 17 ˈæftər ən ˌɪnˈtɛns ˌkɑnsənˈtreɪʃən əv ˈɛnəmi ˈmɔrtər ənd ɑrˈtɪləri faɪər, ðə ˈhɑstəl ˈfɔrsɪz, wɪʧ hæd ˈteɪkən əp ən əˈtæk pəˈzɪʃən ɔn ðə ˌnɔrˈθist ənd ˌnɔrθˈwɛst saɪd əv ðə ˈaʊtˌpoʊst, muvd ˈræpədli θru ðɛr oʊn ənd ˈfrɛndli ɑrˈtɪləri faɪər tɪ geɪn ə ˈfʊˌthoʊld ɔn ðə ˈnɔrðərn sloʊp əv ðə pəˈzɪʃən. rɪfˈjuzɪŋ tɪ wɪθˈdrɔ, ˈkəmpəˌni pi kloʊzd ɪn ənd mɛt ðə əˈtækərz ɪn ə fˈjʊriəs ˈstrəgəl ɪn wɪʧ ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈɛnəmi wər ˈdrɪvən ɔf. ðə əˈgrɛsərz riˈgrupt, kˈwɪkli əˈtækt ə ˈsɛkənd taɪm, ənd əˈgɛn geɪnd ðə ˈfrɛndli ˈtrɛnʧɪz. ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli, ðə grik ˈfɔrsɪz lɔnʧt ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈkaʊnərəˌtæks, ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli dɪˈspæʧɪŋ ə dɪˈvərʒəˌnɛri fɔrs tɪ ðə ist əv ðə ˈaʊtˌpoʊst wɪʧ səkˈsɛsfəli ˈʧænəld ðə ˈɛnəmi θrəsts. ˈæftər 2 aʊərz əv kloʊz ɪn ˈfaɪtɪŋ, ðə əˈgrɛsərz wər əˈgɛn ˈrutɪd ənd ðə ˈfrɛndli pəˈzɪʃənz rɪˈstɔrd. ðə ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ ˈkɑndəkt ənd ɪgˈzɛmpləri kərɪʤ ɪgˈzɪbətəd baɪ ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈkəmpəˌni pi, grik ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃəˌnɛri ˈfɔrsɪz bəˈtæljən, rɪˈflɛkts greɪt ˈkrɛdɪt ɔn ðɛmˈsɛlvz ənd ər ɪn ˈkipɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈfaɪnəst trəˈdɪʃənz əv ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈsərvɪs ənd ðə ˈkɪŋdəm əv gris." ðə griks wən sɪks juz. dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ˈsərvɪs ˈkrɔsɪz, 32 ˈsɪlvər stɑrz, ənd 110 brɑnz stɑrz. ˈfərðərˌmɔr, 19 ˈmɛmbərz əv flaɪt rɪˈsivd ðə ɛr ˈmɛdəl fər ðə ɪˌvækjəˈweɪʃən ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ɪn dɪˈsɛmbər 1950 viˌɛtˈnɑm wɔr ˈɛdət dɪˈvɪʒən, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ðə dɪˈvɪʒən (saʊθ viˌɛtˈnɑm) wər əˈwɔrdɪd ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈəndər ngô*ô kwɔŋ wɪθ 200 stæf ənd ˈɔfɪsərz wɪθ ən əˈtæʧt riˈkɑnəsəns ˈkəmpəˌni, əv 50 mɛn ˈəndər ðə baʊ (blæk ˈpænθərz) kəˈmændɪd baɪ træn "ˈhɛri" hju 26 hɛld aʊt fər ən ɪnˈtaɪər mənθ ɪn hju ˈsɪtəˌdɛl waɪl kəmˈplitli sərˈaʊndɪd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈbætəl əv ðə ˈsɪti wɑz kˈwɪkli ənd kəmˈplitli sərˈaʊndɪd baɪ ˈsɛvərəl ɪˈlit bəˈtæljənz əv ˈjunɪts ɔn ˈɛvəri saɪd bət riˈpəlst ɔl əˈtɛmpts æt ˈstɔrmɪŋ ðə ðə dɪˈfɛns əv hju ˈsɪtəˌdɛl dɪˈspaɪt ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ ɑdz wɑz rɪˈgɑrdɪd ɛz ðə moʊst ˈpɪvətəl ˈmoʊmənt əv ðə ˈbætəl, ənd hæd sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt sɪmˈbɑlɪk ˈvælju fər ˈmɛni ɪn saʊθ viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə tɛt ðə kəˈmændər əv ðə baʊ, træn hju wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi əˈwɔrdɪd ə ˈsɪlvər stɑr ˈpərsənəli baɪ ˈʤɛnərəl ˈkreɪtən ˈeɪbrəmz. riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm mərˈin dɪˈvɪʒən ˈɛdət ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm mərˈin dɪˈvɪʒən wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən ɪn 1972 fər ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈbætəl əv trị*ị, riˈkæpʧərɪŋ ðə ˈsɪti ˈæftər ɪt wɑz baɪ hum ər dɪˈplɔɪɪŋ fər ðə fərst taɪm ənd ðɪs dɪˈvɪʒən wɑz stɪl rɪˈkəvərɪŋ frəm læm sən 719 wɪʧ sɔ əv ðɪs ɪnˈtaɪər dɪˈvɪʒən kɪld ər ˈwundɪd. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈbætəl ðɪs ˈjunɪt əˈloʊn hæd lɔst ˈɔlˌmoʊst kiər waɪl ˌɪnˈflɪktɪŋ ˈɛnəmi ˈkæʒəwəltiz, ˈkæpʧərɪŋ ˈwɛpənz ənd ˈviɪkəlz ənd ˌdɪˈseɪblɪŋ ˈdəzənz əv ðə ˈbætəl wɑz fɔt, əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ðə ˈɛrˌbɔrn dɪˈvɪʒən əreɪd əˈgɛnst ðə θri moʊst ɪˈlit ənd ˈlɔŋgɪst ˈsərvɪŋ dɪˈvɪʒənz əv ðə, ðə "aɪərn ənd stil" dɪˈvɪʒənz əv ðə dɪˈvɪʒən, dɪˈvɪʒən ənd dɪˈvɪʒən. ðɪs wɑz ðə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈblədiəst, ˈlɔŋgɪst ənd moʊst ˌɪnˈtɛns ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt ɪn ðə ɪnˈtaɪər wɔr ənd ðə moʊst dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ ˈərbən ˈbætəl, fɑr sərˈpæsɪŋ ðə ˈbætəl əv huế*ế ɪn ɔl ˈɑrmərd brɪˈgeɪd, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən ɪz əˈwɔrdɪd baɪ ˈrɪʧərd ˈnɪksən ɪn 1970 fər ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ˈduoʊŋ ɪt wɑz kənˈdəktəd ɪn ðə quế*ế ˈdɪstrɪkt ˈdɪstrɪkt ɪn 1970 baɪ ðə ˈnuli kriˈeɪtɪd ˈɑrmərd brɪˈgeɪd ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz, kəmˈpoʊzd əv ən ˈɑrmərd ˈkævəlri skˈwɑdrən, ə ˈriʤənəl fɔrs bəˈtæljən ənd 2 ˈrɛgjələr ðə ˈɑrmərd brɪˈgeɪd kənˈdəktəd ɪts fərst ˈmoʊbəl ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz əˈlɔŋ ðə si ɪn ðə ˈnɔrðərn pɑrt əv ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈriʤən 1 kənˈtroʊlɪŋ əp tɪ tu ˈɑrmərd ˈkævəlri ˈrɛʤəmənts, ˈreɪnʤərz, ənd ˌtɛrɪˈtɔriəl ˈfɔrsɪz, ðə brɪˈgeɪd roʊmd ˈoʊvər ðə ˈɛriə fər tu mənθs ənd səkˈsidɪd ɪn dɪˈstrɔɪɪŋ θri ˈɛnəmi bəˈtæljənz. ˈɔlˌmoʊst 900 viɛt kɔŋ ənd wər kɪld ər ˈkæpʧərd, waɪl ðə brɪˈgeɪd lɔst ˈreɪnʤər bəˈtæljən, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ðɪs ˈjunɪt ərnd ðə ˈsɪŋgəl moʊst ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən əv ˈɛni ˈjunɪt ɪn ðə wɔr, ənd wɑz ðə moʊst ˈdɛkərˌeɪtɪd əv ðə ˈreɪnʤər bəˈtæljən, aʊt əv ðə 11 bəˈtæljənz ɪn ðə ˈreɪnʤərz hum hæd rɪˈsivd ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃənz. saʊθ viˌɛtnɑˈmis ˈɑrmiz ˈreɪnʤər bəˈtæljən rɪˈsivd noʊ lɛs ðən θri juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈɑrmi ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃənz. ðə fərst wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ɪn dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ðə ˈɑrmi ˈʤɛnərəl ˈɔrdər 20 əv 1967 fər ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm ɪn ðə vɪˈsɪnɪti əv θæʧ tru*, kwɔŋ ɛnˈgaɪ ˈprɑvɪns ɔn noʊˈvɛmbər 22 ðɪs wɑz ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˈbætəl ɪn wɪʧ ə məʧ ˈlɑrʤər ˈrɛʤəmənt əv ðə kræk ˈrɛʤəmənt ənd ˈhɛvi ˈwɛpənz ˈjunɪt hæd steɪʤd ə əˈtæk ənd wər ˌriɪnˈfɔrsɪŋ ðə ˈjunɪt ɪn ðə ˈbætəl wɑz ə ˌriɪnˈfɔrsmənt əv bəˈtæljən, ˈrɛʤəmənt ðə ˈsɛkənd wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ɪn dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ðə ˈɑrmi ˈʤɛnərəl ˈɔrdər 23 əv 1969 fər ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm ɪn ðə ˈpɪriəd əv ˈʤænjuˌɛri 27 tɪ ˈfɛbruˌɛri 25 1968 ðə θərd wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ɪn dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ðə ˈɑrmi ˈʤɛnərəl ˈɔrdər 37 əv 1973 fər ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm ɪn ðə ˈpɪriəd əv ˈfɛbruˌɛri 11 tɪ ˈeɪprəl 24 1970 ˈreɪnʤər bəˈtæljən, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ə bəˈtæljən ðət rɪˈsivd ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən frəm tu ˈdɪfərənt ˈprɛzɪˌdɛnts. fərst ˈdɛkərˌeɪtɪd ɪn ɑkˈtoʊbər 1965 wɪθ ə dɪˈrɛkt ˈpəblɪk spiʧ baɪ ˈprɛzɪdənt ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ˌɪnˈvɑlvd wɑz ə ɪn wɪʧ ðeɪ wər ɔn ðə dɪˈfɛnsɪv ənd əˈtækt baɪ ə məʧ ˈlɑrʤər ˈɛnəmi fɔrs. ðə ˈreɪnʤər bəˈtæljən wɑz kəˈmɛndɪd fər ðə əˈtækɪŋ ˈfɔrsɪz ənd ˈtərnɪŋ ðɛm ˈɔntu ðə dɪˈfɛnsɪv wɛr ðeɪ prəˈsidəd tɪ raʊt ˈæftərwərdz ˈdɛkərˌeɪtɪd ɪn mɑrʧ 7 1968 fər əˈsɔltɪŋ ə ˈɛnəmi ðɪs ˈjunɪt wɑz ɛz ən əˈsɔlt ˈjunɪt ˈkeɪpəbəl əv wɛl kənˈsild ˌfɔrtəfəˈkeɪʃənz ənd əˈməŋ ðə 11 ˈreɪnʤər ˈjunɪts əˈwɔrdɪd wɪθ ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən, ðə wɑz əˈməŋ ðə moʊst ˈreɪnʤər bəˈtæljən, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət wɪθ ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən (juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts), əˈwɔrdɪd fər ˈækʃənz bɪtˈwin ˈfɛbruˌɛri 1968 ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə tɛt əˈfɛnsɪv ənd əˈgɛn fər ˈækʃənz bɪtˈwin ˈfɛbruˌɛri 11 tɪ ˈeɪprəl 24 əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ðə ənd ðiz wər ðə moʊst ˈdɛkərˌeɪtɪd ˈreɪnʤər bəˈtæljənz əv ðə wən əv ðə ˈʧoʊzən ˈfɔrwərd əˈsɔlt grups ˈdʊrɪŋ ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən læm sən 719 ˈæftər sɪˈkjʊrɪŋ ən ˈaʊtˌpoʊst, wɪn ɪkˈspɛktɪd ˌriɪnˈfɔrsmənts wər ˈhɔltɪd ðɪs ˈjunɪt wɑz ɪn tərn ɪnˈtaɪərli ɪnˈsərkəld baɪ ənd ˈɪnfəntri ˈjunɪts frəm ðə ɪˈlit ˈrɛʤəmənt, ˈɪnfəntri dɪˈvɪʒən (viˌɛtˈnɑm). ˈfaɪtɪŋ ɪts weɪ aʊt əv ə ˈkɔrdən, ðə ˈjunɪt wɑz əˈnaɪəˌleɪtɪd wɪθ 178 ənd 148 aʊt əv ən ˌɪˈnɪʃəl 430 ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˌɪnˈflɪktɪŋ 639 kiər əˈpɑn ðə ˈreɪnʤər bəˈtæljən, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ɔn 11 noʊˈvɛmbər 1965 ðə ˈreɪnʤər bəˈtæljən wɑz ɑgˈmɛntəd tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˈɑrmərd ˈkævəlri ˈrɛʤəmənt ənd kənˈdəktəd ən ɛr əˈsɔlt tɪ rɪˈlif ə ˈjuˈɛs ˈɛləmənt əv ðə ðət hæd bɪn ˈæmˌbʊʃt baɪ ðə ˈrɛʤəmənt nɪr kɪm ˈhæmlɪt, ɪn ðə ˈvɪlɪʤ əv ɔn rut 15 ɪn ˈprɑvɪns ənd rɪˈsivd ə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt ˈreɪnʤər bəˈtæljən, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ɔn ˈeɪprəl 1965 ðə ˈreɪnʤər bəˈtæljən wɑz ə rɪˈzərv ˈɛləmənt əv ə ˈlɑrʤər fɔrs ɪnˈgeɪʤd ɪn ə sərʧ ənd dɪˈstrɔɪ ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən əˈgɛnst tu viɛt kɔŋ fɔrs bəˈtæljənz. ðə bəˈtæljən wɑz ˈlɪftɪd baɪ ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptər ˈɪntu ˈbætəl wɪn ðə lɛd ˈɪnfəntri bəˈtæljən əˈkəmpənid baɪ ən ˈɑrmərd ˌpərsəˈnɛl ˈkɛriər trup wər ˈhɔltɪd baɪ ˌɪnˈtɛns faɪər dɪˈlɪvərd ɔn ðɛr pəˈzɪʃənz baɪ ðə ənd ˈkæməˌflɑʒd ˈɛnəmi. əˈpɑn ˈɛnərɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə ˈlændɪŋ zoʊn, ðə ˈɛnəmi dɪˈlɪvərd ˈwɪðərɪŋ məˈʃin gən faɪər. dɪˈspaɪt ðə lɔs əv ðɛr ɪgˈzɛkjətɪv ˈɔfɪsər, ə juz. ˈɑrmi ædˈvaɪzər, ənd θri ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptərz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə lɪft ðə ˈjunɪt pərˈsud ənd ðə əˈtækɪŋ ˈæmˌbʊʃ ˈfɔrsɪz, ˈfɔrsɪŋ ðɛm tɪ wɪθˈdrɔ ənd ˈðɛrˈbaɪ ˈseɪvɪŋ ðə ˈæmˌbʊʃt ənd pɪnd fər ðiz ˈækʃənz ðə ˈjunɪt həz ərnd ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən. ˈsɛkənd bəˈtæljən, viˌɛtnɑˈmis mərˈin brɪˈgeɪd, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ðə ˈsɛkənd bəˈtæljən əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm mərˈin dɪˈvɪʒən, ˈnɪkˌneɪmd ˈkreɪzi wɑz ðə moʊst ˈdɛkərˌeɪtɪd riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm mərˈin ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən wɑz ərnd æt ðə ˈbætəl əv fəŋ də ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər ðɪs wɑz əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd ə ˈpriviəsli ərnd ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən fər pɑrˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd ˈbætəl əv trị*ị. di ˈkəmpəˌni, bəˈtæljən rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrɛʤəmənt ˈbætəl əv lɔŋ tæn ˈɛdət ə ˈmɔrtər ənd ˈraɪfəl əˈtæk ɔn ðə tæsk fɔrs ˈɛriə ˈoʊpənd ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən vɛnˈdɛtə, ɔn ðə naɪt əv ˈɔgəst 1966 bi ˈkəmpəˌni, əv ðə bəˈtæljən, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrɛʤəmənt wɑz ˌɪˈnɪʃəli dɪˈspæʧt tɪ klɪr ðə ˈɛriə tɪ ðə ist əv ðə tæsk fɔrs beɪs. di ˈkəmpəˌni tʊk ˈoʊvər frəm bi ˈkəmpəˌni ɔn ˈɔgəst 18 1966 di ˈkəmpəˌni meɪd ˈkɑnˌtækt wɪθ ðə ˈɛnəmi fɔrs əv ˌrɛʤəˈmɛntəl saɪz ənd wɑz sun ˈəndər əˈtæk frəm θri saɪdz. ðə ˈbætəl wɑz fɔt ˈɪntu ðə naɪt ˈəndər ə ˈblæŋkɪt əv mɪst ənd ˈhɛvi mɑnˈsunəl reɪn, bət di ˈkəmpəˌni hɛld ɪts graʊnd wɪθ ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm ənd grɪm dɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən. ðə rɪˈmeɪndər əv ðə bəˈtæljən dɪˈplɔɪd tɪ eɪd ðə bɪˈligərd ˈkəmpəˌni. wɪθ ðə hɛlp əv ˌpərsəˈnɛl ˈkɛriərz əv 3 trup, 1 ˈeɪˈpiˈsi skˈwɑdrən hɪt ðə flæŋk əv ə bəˈtæljən saɪz fɔrs wɪʧ wɑz ˈfɔrmɪŋ əp tɪ əˈsɔlt ðə rɪr əv di ˈkəmpəˌni, ˌɪnˈflɪktɪd ˈmɛni ˈkæʒəwəltiz ənd fɔrst ðə ˈɛnəmi frəm ðə ˈbætəlˌfild. ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd tɪ di ˈkəmpəˌni baɪ ðə ðɛn ˈprɛzɪdənt əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, ˈlɪndən bi. ˈʤɑnsən, fər ðə ˈbætəl əv lɔŋ tæn. ˈɔgəst 18 ɪz naʊ kəˈmɛmərˌeɪtɪd iʧ jɪr ɛz lɔŋ tæn deɪ, ɪn ˈmɛməri əv ɔˈstreɪljən ˈsoʊlʤərz hu sərvd ɪn ðə viˌɛtˈnɑm wɔr. ðə ˈstrimər əv ðə saɪˈteɪʃən, ˈbɛrɪŋ ðə ˈɑnər 'lɔŋ tæn', ɪz ˈkɛrid ɔn ðə ˌrɛʤəˈmɛntəl ˈkələr əv ðə bəˈtæljən, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrɛʤəmənt. ˈtæktɪkəl ˈfaɪtər skˈwɑdrən, riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ɛr fɔrs ˈɛdət "ðə ˈtæktɪkəl ˈfaɪtər skˈwɑdrən, ə ˈjunɪt əv ðə saʊθ viˌɛtˈnɑm ɛr fɔrs, ɪz ˈsaɪtɪd fər ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm ənd ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ pərˈfɔrməns əv ˈduti ɪn ˈkɑmbæt əˈgɛnst ən ɑrmd ˈɛnəmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm θruaʊt ðə ˈpɪriəd 1 ˈʤænjuˌɛri 1964 tɪ 28 ˈfɛbruˌɛri 1965 pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪŋ ɪn ˈdeɪli ˈækʃənz ɪn səˈpɔrt əv riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm graʊnd ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz, ðə kərˈeɪʤəs mɛn əv ðə ˈtæktɪkəl ˈfaɪtər skˈwɑdrən ˈkɛrid aʊt ðɛr əˈtæks ɔn ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈtɑrgəts wɪθ ˌɪnˈdɑmətəbəl ˈspɪrɪt ənd dɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən. ðə fɪrs dɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən tɪ dɪˈstrɔɪ ðə ˈɛnəmi dɪˈspleɪd baɪ ðə mɛn əv ðɪs ˈjunɪt wɑz ɪgˈzɛmpləˌfaɪd ɪn ðə ˈsɔrtiz, ənd flaɪɪŋ aʊərz kəmˈpaɪld ɪn səˈpɔrt əv graʊnd ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ˈpɪriəd." 46 battallion*, ˈrɛʤəmənt ˈɪnfəntri dɪˈvɪʒən, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ðɪs ˈjunɪt ərnd ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən. pɑrt əv ə fɔrs, ðə battallion*, ˈrɛʤəmənt əv ðə dɪˈvɪʒən wɑz ˈɔrdərd tɪ ˈrɛskju ə flæŋkt bəˈtæljən træpt ɪn ˈmədi swɔmps ənd flæŋkt baɪ meɪn fɔrs viɛt kɔŋ ˈjunɪts. wɪθ ˈniðər ɑrˈtɪləri, ər ɑrmd ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptər səˈpɔrt ðə ˈjunɪt muvd θru əv raɪs ˈpædi tɪ əˈsɔlt sɪks nɛsts. ðə ˈjunɪt wɑz ˈeɪbəl tɪ ənd rut ˈfɔrsɪz ˈpɪnɪŋ daʊn ðə tu bəˈtæljənz θru ˈkɑmbæt. 49 ˌrɛʤəˈmɛntəl ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən fər ðə ˌrɛʤəˈmɛntəl ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə bəˈtæljən ənd, ˈrɛʤəmənt, ənd trup, riˈkɑnəsəns skˈwɑdrən fər ˈækʃən əˈgɛnst wən əv ðə mɔr ɪˈlit ˈjunɪts əv ðə, ðə kræk dɪˈvɪʒən. ðə əˈtæk ɔn ˌrɛʤəˈmɛntəl kˈwɔrtərz wɑz ˈhɔltɪd, ənd ðə kəˌmɛmərˈeɪʃən wɑz dɪˈskraɪbd wɪθ ˈlɪndən ˈʤɑnsən dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ ðə ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt ɛz "ɪn dɪˈfitɪŋ ðə ənd bəˈtæljənz əv ðə nɔrθ viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɑrmi ˈrɛʤəmənt, ə fɔrs ˈikwəl tɪ ɪts oʊn, ræŋks ɛz wən əv ðə ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ əˈkɑmplɪʃmənts ɪn ðə viˌɛtnɑˈmis ˈkɑnflɪkt ənd ɪz ɪn ðə haɪəst trəˈdɪʃənz əv ðə fri wərld ˈkəmpəˌni əv ðə pləˈtun, ənd ðə ˈkəmpəˌni əv ðə bəˈtæljən, ˈrɛʤəmənt, ˈɪnfəntri dɪˈvɪʒən, ˈɛdət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni hæd ərnd ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən frəm ˈlɪndən ˈʤɑnsən. ðə ˈsteɪtmənt ridz: "ðə fɔrˈgoʊɪŋ ˈjunɪts dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃt ðɛmˈsɛlvz baɪ ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə dɪˈfɛns əv ə ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri dɪˈvɛləpmənt ˈproʊˌgræm ˌpæsəfəˈkeɪʃən ˈprɑʤɛkt nɪr tæn həŋ, lɔŋ ˈprɑvɪns, riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm, ɔn 11 ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1967 wɪn ðeɪ riˈpəlst ə fʊl skeɪl əˈtæk ɔn ðɛr pəˈzɪʃən baɪ ðə nɔrθ viˌɛtnɑˈmis ˈɑrmi ˈrɛʤəmənt. ðɪs nuˈmɛrɪkli suˈpɪriər ˈɛnəmi fɔrs wɑz ɪkˈwɪpt wɪθ ˈnumərəs ˌɔtəˈmætɪk ˈwɛpənz, lɑrʤ səˈplaɪz əv ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən, ənd nu ɪkˈwɪpmənt. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈərli ˈmɔrnɪŋ aʊərz, ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈjunɪts wər səˈbʤɛktɪd tɪ ə ˈhɛvi ˈvɑljum əv ˈmɔrtər faɪər ˈfɑloʊd baɪ θri ˈsɛpərˌeɪt ˈjumən weɪv əˈsɔlts əˈgɛnst ðə pəˈzɪʃən. ɪn iʧ keɪs, ðə ˈɛnəmi əv ðə pərˈɪmətər wər ˈbitən bæk baɪ fɪrs ˈkaʊnərəˌtæks. ðə ˈvɪʃəsnɪs əv ðə kloʊz ˈkɑmbæt ənd ðə ˈifɛktɪvnəs əv ðə dɪˈfɛndərz wər ˈfʊli ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd wɪn mɔr ðən 70 ˈɛnəmi ˈbɑdiz wər faʊnd wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈɪnər ˌfɔrtəfəˈkeɪʃənz ˈæftər ðə ˈbætəl. səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ɛr ənd ɑrˈtɪləri, ðə ˈvæljənt dɪˈfɛndərz hɛld ðɛr pəˈzɪʃən, əˈkaʊntɪd fər mɔr ðən 170 nɔrθ viˌɛtnɑˈmis ˈsoʊlʤərz, ənd ˈkæpʧərd ˈoʊvər 90 ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ənd kru sərvd ˈwɛpənz. ðə dɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən, dɪˈvoʊʃən tɪ ˈduti, ənd ˌɪnˈdɑmətəbəl kərɪʤ ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd baɪ ðiz mɛn əv ðə bəˈtæljən, ˈrɛʤəmənt, ər ɪn ˈkipɪŋ wɪθ ðə haɪəst trəˈdɪʃənz əv ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈsərvɪs ənd rɪˈflɛkt greɪt ˈkrɛdɪt əˈpɑn ðɛmˈsɛlvz, ðɛr ˈjunɪt, ənd ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm." 51 ˈtæktɪkəl wɪŋ, viˌɛtnɑˈmis ɛr fɔrs ˈɛdət ðə ˈtæktɪkəl wɪŋ əv ðə viˌɛtnɑˈmis ɛr fɔrs ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ frəm ˌʤuˈlaɪ 1966 tɪ ˈfɛbruˌɛri 1968 flu ˈoʊvər ˈsɔrtiz wɪθ ðə ˈfaɪtər skˈwɑdrən (a-1h*), ˈtæktɪkəl wɪŋ, flu ˈsɔrtiz ɪn ˈkɑmbæt əˈgɛnst ɑrmd ˈhɑstəl ˈfɔrsɪz. ðɪs ˈjunɪt ərnd ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən. "ðə ˈɔfɪsərz ənd ˈɛrˌmɛn əv ðə wɪŋ rɪˈpitɪdli pərˈfɔrmd ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ ækts əv ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm ənd ˈgæləntri, boʊθ ˌɪndɪˈvɪʤəli ənd kəˈlɛktɪvli, ənd ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪd ən ɛˈspri də kɔrz ɪn ˈkipɪŋ wɪθ ðə haɪəst trəˈdɪʃənz əv ðə fri ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ɛr ˈfɔrsɪz. ðə ˈtæktɪkəl wɪŋ ˌɪnˈflɪktɪd səˈvɪr ˈdæmɪʤ ɔn ðə ˈhɑstəl ˈfɔrsɪz ənd, æt ðə seɪm taɪm, seɪvd ˈkaʊntləs viˌɛtnɑˈmis ənd əˈmɛrɪkən lɪvz. dɪˈspaɪt ðɛr oʊn ˈtræʤɪk ˈkæʒəwəltiz ənd ˈhɛvi ˈbætəl ˈdæmɪʤ, ðə mɛn əv ðə wɪŋ kənˈsɪstəntli meɪnˈteɪnd ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ məræl." 52 ˈkəmpəˌni, ˈkævəlri ˈrɛʤəmənt, riˈpəblɪk əv ˌkɔˈriə ˈɑrmi ˈɛdət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni, ˈkævəlri ˈrɛʤəmənt, riˈpəblɪk əv ˌkɔˈriə ˈɑrmi wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən ɔn ˈɔgəst 9 1968 fər ɪts ˈvælər ɔn ˈɔgəst 1966 ɪn ðə dɪˈfɛns əv ˈlændɪŋ zoʊn 27 ˈvɪktər, ˈprɑvɪns, riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm. ðə saɪˈteɪʃən ridz, ɪn pɑrt: "əˈbaʊt wən aʊər ˌbiˈfɔr ˈmɪdˌnaɪt ðə saʊnz əv ˈdɪgɪŋ wər hərd ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə pərˈɪmətər. ðə səˈspɪʃəs ˈɛriə wɑz ˌɪˈluməˌneɪtəd baɪ ə ˈsərˌʧlaɪt ənd baɪ faɪər frəm wən əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈɑrmi tæŋks ˈəndər ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənəl kənˈtroʊl əv ðə ˈkəmpəˌni. ðɪs ˈækʃən ˈtrɪgərd ðə fərst əv ə ˈsɪriz əv ˈvaɪələnt əˈtæks meɪd əˈgɛnst ðə pərˈɪmətər baɪ ə nɔrθ viˌɛtnɑˈmis ˈɑrmi bəˈtæljən ənd ˌriɪnˈfɔrst baɪ ˈhɛvi faɪər frəm ˈraɪfəlz, ˈmɔrtərz, ənd ˈrɑkəts. ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə nɛkst sɪks aʊərz, ðə foʊ meɪd rɪˈpitɪd əˈsɔlts frəm ˈdɪfərɪŋ dɪˈrɛkʃɪnz, ˈoʊnli tɪ bi ˈbitən bæk baɪ ðə koʊˈɔrdəneɪtɪd faɪər frəm ðə ˈstɔlwərt dɪˈfɛndərz. ə ˈsɪŋgəl ˈɛnəmi ˈmænɪʤd tɪ ˈpɛnəˌtreɪt ˈɪntu ðə pəˈzɪʃən, bət ðɪs ˈdeɪnʤər wɑz kˈwɪkli ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪd baɪ ə ˌkɔˈriən ˈsoʊlʤər ˈwildɪŋ ə ˈbeɪəˌnɛt. θruaʊt ðɪs lɔŋ ˈbætəl ðə ˈkəmpəˌni hɛld ɪts pəˈzɪʃən ənd ɪgˈzɪbətəd greɪt ˈgæləntri ˈəndər ˌɪnˈtɛns faɪər ənd rɪˈpitɪd graʊnd əˈtæks. ðə təˈneɪʃəs dɪˈfɛns ənd ˈsəbsəkwənt əv ðə ˈbætəlˌfild ˈvərʧuəli ɪˈlɪməˌneɪtɪd ðə ˈɛnəmi bəˈtæljən ɛz ən ˈifɛktɪv ˈfaɪtɪŋ ˈjunɪt. ðə ˈhɛvi ˈlɔsɪz ˌɪnˈflɪktɪd əˈpɑn ðə nuˈmɛrɪkli suˈpɪriər ˈɛnəmi fɔrs əˈtɛst tɪ ðə ˈfɪzɪkəl kərɪʤ, dɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən, ənd skɪl əv ðə dɪˈfɛndərz. 53 ˈkəmpəˌni, rɔɪəl ˈtaɪˌlænd ˈɑrmi ˌvɑlənˈtɪr ˈrɛʤəmənt ənd əˈtæʧt ˈjunɪts ˈɛdət ðə ˈkəmpəˌni, rɔɪəl ˈtaɪˌlænd ˈɑrmi ˌvɑlənˈtɪr ˈrɛʤəmənt ənd ˈsɛvərəl əˈtæʧt ənd səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈjunɪts ə ˈmɛdɪkəl pləˈtun, ən ˈɑrmərd ˌpərsəˈnɛl ˈkɛriər pləˈtun ənd ən ɑrˈtɪləri ˈbætəri wər əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən baɪ ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈrɪʧərd ˈnɪksən ɔn noʊˈvɛmbər 5 1969 fər ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm ɔn dɪˈsɛmbər 1967 ɪn viˌɛtˈnɑm. əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə saɪˈteɪʃən: "ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ˈpɪriəd ðə ˈkəmpəˌni wɑz ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˈmɪʃən əv kənˈdəktɪŋ ˈkɑmbæt ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ənd ˌrɛvəˈluʃəˌnɛri dɪˈvɛləpmənt səˈpɔrt ɪn bin ˈprɑvɪns. ˈɛləmənts əv ðə viɛt kɔŋ meɪn fɔrs bəˈtæljən ənd ðə meɪn fɔrs bəˈtæljən əˈtækt ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ɔn ðə naɪt əv 20 dɪˈsɛmbər. ðɪs əˈtæk wɑz riˈpəlst baɪ ðə hɪˈroʊɪk taɪ ɪn ə ˈbætəl ˈkɛrɪktərˌaɪzd baɪ ˈsævɪʤ ˈkɑmbæt wɪθ ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪŋ ˈifɛkt ɔn ðə ˈɛnəmi. baɪ ðə ənˈpɛrəˌlɛld ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən əv ɪkˈsɛpʃənəl ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃən, ˈfɪrləs kərɪʤ, ənd ˌənriˈlɛntɪŋ dɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən, ðə ˈkəmpəˌni səkˈsidɪd ɪn rəˈpɛlɪŋ θri əˈsɔlts baɪ ðə suˈpɪriər ˈɛnəmi fɔrs. ˌɔlˈðoʊ həræst baɪ ˈkɑnstənt ˈmɔrtər faɪər, ðə ˈvæljənt dɪˈfɛndərz əˈgrɛsɪvli ɪnˈgeɪʤd ðə ˈɛnəmi ənd ˌɪnˈflɪktɪd ˈhɛvi ˈɛnəmi ˈkæʒəwəltiz. ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ækts əv ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm wər ˈnumərəs, ənd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈbætəl ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˈɔfɪsərz, θru ðɛr sʊˈpərb ˈlidərˌʃɪp, prəˈvaɪdɪd ən ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃənəl ɪgˈzæmpəl tɪ ðə rɛst əv ðə ˈkəmpəˌni. ðə taɪ ˈvɪktəri dɪˈpraɪvd ðə ˈɛnəmi əv wən əv ɪts ˌɪnfɪlˈtreɪʃən ənd risəˈplaɪ rʊts. ðə əˈgrɛsɪvnəs, dɪˌtərməˈneɪʃən, ɪnˈθuziˌæzəm, ənd ɪgˈzɛmpləri kərɪʤ dɪˈspleɪd baɪ ðə ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ənd ɪts əˈtæʧt ənd səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈjunɪts rɪˈflɛkt greɪt ˈkrɛdɪt əˈpɑn ðɛmˈsɛlvz, ðə rɔɪəl ˈtaɪˌlænd ˈɑrmi, ənd ðə ˈæˌlaɪd kɔz ɪn ðə riˈpəblɪk əv ˈɛrˌbɔrn tæsk fɔrs, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ðə ˈɛrˌbɔrn tæsk fɔrs, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm, kənˈsɪstɪŋ əv ðə tæsk fɔrs ˈhɛdˌkɔrtərz ənd ənd viˌɛtnɑˈmis ˈɛrˌbɔrn bəˈtæljənz, wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən fər ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm ɪn ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən 180 frəm noʊˈvɛmbər ˈɛrˌbɔrn bəˈtæljən, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ðə ˈɛrˌbɔrn bəˈtæljən, riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛrˌbɔrn dɪˈvɪʒən wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən saɪˈteɪʃən fər rəˈpɛlɪŋ əˈtæks baɪ ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ ˈjunɪts ɪn kwɔŋ ɛnˈgaɪ ˈprɑvɪns ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 19th*, 1967 ə læk əv ɛr səˈpɔrt du tɪ ˈwɛðər kənˈdɪʃənz sɔ ˈfaɪtɪŋ, ɪn wɪʧ ə ˈlɑrʤər fɔrs əˈtækt frəm θri saɪdz ənd wɑz ˈɛrˌbɔrn bəˈtæljən, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ðə ˈɛrˌbɔrn bəˈtæljən, riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛrˌbɔrn dɪˈvɪʒən wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt ˈkɑmbæt ˈækʃən ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 25-28th*, 1967 fər ˈmuvɪŋ θru əv fildz tɪ əˈsɔlt ə ˈfɔrtəˌfaɪd pəˈzɪʃən. tu deɪz ˈleɪtər ðə seɪm ˈjunɪt wɑz ˈɔrdərd tɪ muv θru 2000 ˈmitərz ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ flæŋk əˈnəðər ˈɛnəmi pəˈzɪʃən. dɪˈspaɪt ˈhɛvi ˈkæʒəwəltiz, ðə ˈjunɪt fɔt ðə nɛkst deɪ ənd əˈsɔltɪd ə ənd ˈmɔrtər pəˈzɪʃən, dɪˈplɔɪɪŋ small-arms*, ˈbeɪəˌnɛts ənd tɪ ˌoʊvərˈwɛlm ˈɛnəmi pəˈzɪʃənz. ðɪs ɪz wɪθ ðə ˈjunɪt ˈhævɪŋ ˈrɛlətɪvli ˈlɪtəl ɑrˈtɪləri səˈpɔrt θruaʊt ðə ˈbætəl, ənd wɪθ ˈəðər ˈjunɪts ɪn bəˈtæljən grup, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrɛʤəmənt, viˌɛtˈnɑm, ˈɛdət bɪtˈwin meɪ 1965 ənd meɪ 1966 ðə bəˈtæljən grup, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrɛʤəmənt, kənˈsɪstɪŋ əv ðə bəˈtæljən, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrɛʤəmənt, ðə prɪns əv laɪt hɔrs, 105 fild ˈbætəri rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ɑrˈtɪləri, 3 fild trup rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈɛnʤəˈnɪrz, ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt riˈkɑnəsəns flaɪt, ənd ɔˈstreɪljən ləˈʤɪstɪkəl səˈpɔrt ˈkəmpəˌni sərvd ɛz pɑrt əv ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˈɛrˌbɔrn brɪˈgeɪd ɪn ˈdʊrɪŋ ðət taɪm, ðə brɪˈgeɪd wɑz ˈkɑnstəntli ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ˈhɛvi ˈfaɪtɪŋ, ɛz ɪt wɑz ˌɪnˈvɛriəbli wən əv ðə ˈlidɪŋ ˈjunɪts ɪn ðə frənt laɪn. fər ɪts ˈsərvɪs θruaʊt ðɪs ˈpɪriəd, ðə bəˈtæljən, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrɛʤəmənt, ənd ɪts əˈtæʧmənts wər əˈwɔrdɪd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˌmɛrəˈtɔriəs ˈjunɪt ðə ˈstrimər əv ðə ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən, ˈbɛrɪŋ ðə ˈɑnər 'viˌɛtˈnɑm ɪz ˈkɛrid ɔn ðə ˌrɛʤəˈmɛntəl ˈkələr əv ðə bəˈtæljən, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrɛʤəmənt. ˈɑrmərd ˈkævəlri skˈwɑdrən, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ɪn 1971 ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən (ˈjuˈɛs) wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd tɪ ðə ˈɑrmərd ˈkævəlri skˈwɑdrən ənd əˈtæʧt juz. ˌpərsəˈnɛl (macv*) fər ˌɛkstrəˈɔrdəˌnɛri ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm ɪn ˈækʃən əˈgɛnst ən ɑrmd ˈɛnəmi ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈpɪriəd ˈʤænjuˌɛri 1 1968 tɪ sɛpˈtɛmbər 30 1968 ɪn ənd dɪn ˈprɑvənsəz. ðə skˈwɑdrən ɪnˈgeɪʤd ə viɛt kɔŋ bəˈtæljən nɪr ðə ˈsɪti əv ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə tɛt əˈfɛnsɪv. ˈɛləmənts əv ðə skˈwɑdrən ˈspɪˌrhɛdɪd dɪˈrɛkt straɪks əˈgɛnst ðə nɔrθ viˌɛtnɑˈmis ˈɑrmi ˈrɛʤəmənt ɪn ˈəðər ˈmeɪʤər ɪnˈgeɪʤmənts ɪn dɪn ˈprɑvɪns ənd ðə ˈsɪti əv fu ɔn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 1 1968 ðeɪ fɔt ə pɪʧt ˈbætəl wɪθ ðə ˌlɪˌbərˈeɪʃən ˈloʊkəl fɔrs bəˈtæljən ɪn ər nɪr ɪn ˈɔgəst 1968 ˈɛləmənts əv ðə ˈkævəlri, əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ə riˈækʃən pləˈtun frəm ðə cav*, tɪ ðə inf*, fɔɪld ən əˈtɛmptəd ˈæmˌbʊʃ, ˈkɪlɪŋ 31 ˈɛnəmi. ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ deɪ ðə ˈsoʊlʤərz faʊnd 10 mɔr ˈbɑdiz ˈbrɪŋɪŋ ðə toʊl tɪ 41 ˈɛnəmi kɪld. ɪn ðə θərd deɪ əv ˈɛnəmi hərˈæsmənt əv ˈkɑnˌvɔɪz əˈlɔŋ ˈhaɪˌweɪ 14 ɪn ˈprɑvɪns, ən ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd fɔrs əv tu ˈkəmpəˌniz əˈtækt ə ˈkɑnˌvɔɪ 14 maɪəlz saʊθ əv wɪθ ˈmɔrtər, ˈraɪfəl, smɔl ɑrmz, ənd ˈrɑkət ənd məˈʃingən faɪər. ˈɑrmərd kɑz frəm ðə ˈkəmpəˌni ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli rɪˈtərnd ðə faɪər. æt ðə ˈaʊtˌbreɪk əv ðə əˈtæk, tæŋks ənd ˈɑrmərd ˈkævəlri əˈsɔlt ˈviɪkəlz əv ðə ˈkævəlri ənd ðə cav*, wɪʧ hæd bɪn dɪˈplɔɪd əˈlɔŋ ðə ˈhaɪˌweɪ ɪn ænˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən əv ˈpɑsəbəl ˈkɑnˌtækt, bɪˈgæn tɪ pɔr ˈhɛvi faɪər ˈɪntu ðə ˈɛnəmi pəˈzɪʃənz. ˈəndər ðə ˈɔnsˌlɔt əv ˈæˌlaɪd ˈɑrmər ðə ˈɛnəmi broʊk ˈkɑnˌtækt, ˈlivɪŋ 41 kɪld ˈkəmpəˌni, ˈriʤənəl fɔrs, ˈɑrmi əv ðə riˈpəblɪk əv viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət ɔn mɑrʧ ðə ˈkəmpəˌni əv ðə saʊθ viˌɛtnɑˈmis ˈriʤənəl fɔrs ərnd ə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən, mɪˈlɪʃə əˈsaɪnd ðə dɪˈfɛns əv ðə ˈvɪlɪʤ əv hɑ teɪ, wɪθ ə strɛŋθ əv ˈoʊnli 71 mɛn, wɑz əˈtækt baɪ ə viɛt kɔŋ bəˈtæljən əv ˈvæstli suˈpɪriər strɛŋθ. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni wɪθˈstʊd rɪˈpitɪd ˈɛnəmi əˈsɔlts, ɔl əv wɪʧ wər səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ˌɪnˈtɛns ˈmɔrtər ənd ˈraɪfəl faɪər. θru ðə ˈmɔrnɪŋ ðɪs ˈjunɪt meɪd ɪts ˈgælənt stænd əˈneɪdɪd baɪ ˈaʊtˈsaɪd faɪər səˈpɔrt. ðə ˈkəmpəˌni hæd səˈsteɪnd ˈoʊvər 30 kɪld ɪn ˈækʃən ər ˈsɪriəsli ˈwundɪd ənd hæd ˈnɪrli ɪgˈzɔstɪd ɪts ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən ənd grəˈneɪdz. ðə ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈkəmpəˌni wər ənˈdɔntɪd ənd prəˈsidəd tɪ ˈbreɪˌkaʊt əv ðə ˈkɔrdən. ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə break-out*, ðə ˈjunɪt ʤɔɪnd wɪθ ə ˈlɑrʤər fɔrs ənd pərˈsid tɪ ˈkaʊnərəˌtæk ðə bəˈtæljən. ðə ˈkaʊnərəˌtæk wɑz səkˈsɛsfəl ɪn ˈdraɪvɪŋ ðə ˈɛnəmi frəm ðə ˈɛriə. ðə dɔgd dɪˈfɛns əv hɑ teɪ baɪ ðə ˈriʤənəl fɔrs ˈkəmpəˌni rɪˈzəltɪd ɪn ðə dɛθ əv 221 viɛt kɔŋ ənd ðə ˈkæpʧər əv tu məˈʃin ˈɛnʤəˈnɪr bəˈtæljən ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən (juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts) fər ˈækʃənz bɪtˈwin 1 ʤæn 67 tɪ 25 ˈfɛbjəˌwɛri 68 23 161 ˈbætəri, rɔɪəl nu ˈzilənd ɑrˈtɪləri, viˌɛtˈnɑm, ˈɛdət bɪtˈwin meɪ 1965 ənd ʤun 1966 161 ˈbætəri, 16 fild ˈrɛʤəmənt, rɔɪəl nu ˈzilənd ɑrˈtɪləri sərvd ɛz pɑrt əv ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˈɛrˌbɔrn brɪˈgeɪd ɪn viˌɛtˈnɑm. fər ɪts ˈsərvɪs θruaʊt ðɪs ˈpɪriəd, 161 ˈbætəri, wər əˈwɔrdɪd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˌmɛrəˈtɔriəs ˈjunɪt ˌpərsəˈnɛl hu wər ˈpoʊstɪd tɪ ðə ˈjunɪt ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈpɪriəd fər wɪʧ ðə saɪˈteɪʃən wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ər ɛnˈtaɪtəld tɪ ˈpərmɑˌnɛnˌtli wɛr ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈɑrmi ˌmɛrəˈtɔriəs ˈjunɪt ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən ɔn ðə raɪt ɔˈstreɪljən ˈɑrmi ˈtreɪnɪŋ tim viˌɛtˈnɑm, ˈɛdət fər ðə ˈsərvɪs ɪt prəˈvaɪdɪd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə viˌɛtˈnɑm wɔr bɪtˈwin 1962 ənd 1969 ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈɑrmi ˈtreɪnɪŋ tim viˌɛtˈnɑm wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˌmɛrəˈtɔriəs ˈjunɪt ðə ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən ɪz ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd baɪ ə rɛd ˈstrimər ˈbɛrɪŋ ðə ˈɑnər 'viˌɛtˈnɑm noʊ. 2 skˈwɑdrən, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ɛr fɔrs ˈɛdət fər ɪts ˈsərvɪs ɪn viˌɛtˈnɑm bɪtˈwin ˈeɪprəl 1967 ənd meɪ 1971 noʊ. 2 skˈwɑdrən, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ɛr fɔrs wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ɛr fɔrs ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ ˈjunɪt əˈwɔrd wɪθ əˈtæʧt ˈvælər rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈneɪvi ɪn viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈɛdət fər ðɛr ˈsərvɪs ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə viˌɛtˈnɑm wɔr, boʊθ pərθ ənd ˈhoʊˌbɑrt əv ðə rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈneɪvi wər əˈwɔrdɪd commendations*. ðə pərθ wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd boʊθ ðə ˈneɪvi ˈjunɪt ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən ənd ðə ˌmɛrəˈtɔriəs ˈjunɪt ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən waɪl ðə ˈhoʊˌbɑrt rɪˈsivd ðə ˈneɪvi ˈjunɪt ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən. ðə ˈklɪrəns ˈdaɪvɪŋ tim 3 wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ˈjuˈɛs ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən, twaɪs əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ˈneɪvi ˈjunɪt ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən fər ðə ˈpɪriədz ˈʤænjuˌɛri 1 1968 tɪ dɪˈsɛmbər 31 1970 waɪlst pɑrt əv ɪkˈsploʊsɪv ˈɔrdnəns dɪˈspoʊzəl ˈmoʊbəl ˈjunɪt, pəˈsɪfɪk (eodmupac*) ənd ʤun 1 1969 tɪ noʊˈvɛmbər 25 1970 ɛz ə ˈjunɪt əv ˈɪnˈʃɔr ˌəndərˈsi ˈwɔrˌfɛr grup wən ənd ðə ˌmɛrəˈtɔriəs ˈjunɪt ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən fər ɪts wərk ˈklɪrɪŋ ðə əv tau*, kæm ræn beɪ, ki nhon*, ənd træŋ bɪtˈwin ˈfɛbruˌɛri 19 ənd ʤun 30 1967 ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ɪnˈdʊrɪŋ ˈfridəm ɪn æfˈgænəˌstæn ˈɛdət tæsk fɔrs ˈɛdət ɔn dɪˈsɛmbər 7 2004 æt ə ˈpraɪvət ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni ɪn ˌkæləˈfɔrnjə, ˈprɛzɪdənt ʤɔrʤ ˈdəbəlju. bʊʃ pərˈzɛnəd ðə ˈneɪvi ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈmɛmbərz əv kəmˈbaɪnd ʤɔɪnt ˈspɛʃəl ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz tæsk fɔrs). tæsk fɔrs wɑz ə ˈneɪvi ˈjunɪt ðət sərvd ɪn æfˈgænəˌstæn ɛz pɑrt əv ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ɪnˈdʊrɪŋ ˈfridəm frəm ɑkˈtoʊbər 2001 tɪ mɑrʧ 2002 ənd ɪt wɑz ˈdɛkərˌeɪtɪd fər "ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ kərɪʤ, riˈsɔrsfəlnəs, ənd əˈgrɛsɪv ˈfaɪtɪŋ ˈspɪrɪt ɪn ˈkɑmbæt əˈgɛnst ə wɛl ɪkˈwɪpt, wɛl treɪnd ənd ˈtrɛʧərəs ˈtɛrərɪst tæsk fɔrs wɑz "ʤɔɪnt" ɪn ðət ɪt ˌɪnˈkludɪd ˈmɛmbərz əv mɔr ðən wən ˈsərvɪs ˈɑrmi ˈspɛʃəl ˈfɔrsɪz, ɛr fɔrs ˈkɑmbæt kənˈtroʊlərz ɛz wɛl ɛz ˈneɪvi ˈspɛʃəl ˈwɔrˌfɛr ˌpərsəˈnɛl ənd "kəmˈbaɪnd" ɪn ðət ɪt ˌɪnˈkludɪd ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˌpərsəˈnɛl frəm ˈsɛvərəl ˈkəntriz. ˌbiˈsaɪdz juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˌpərsəˈnɛl, ˈspɛʃəl ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ˌpərsəˈnɛl frəm ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈkəntriz ənd ˈjunɪts pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪd, ˈərnɪŋ ðə ˈneɪvi ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən. kəˈneɪdiən ʤɔɪnt tæsk fɔrs 2 ðə kənˈtɪnʤənt əv ˈkænədəz ˈspɛʃəl ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ˈjunɪt, wɪʧ sərvd ɪn tæsk fɔrs wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ˈneɪvi ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən fər ðɛr ˈsərvɪs ɪn æfˈgænəˌstæn. ðə kəˈneɪdiən dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈnæʃənəl dɪˈfɛns əˈnaʊnst ðə əˈwɔrd ɔn dɪˈsɛmbər 8 2004 67 ˈæftər ðə ˈnɛsəˌsɛri ˈkəntri tɪ ˈkəntri ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk noʊts wər ɪksˈʧeɪnʤd tɪ meɪk ənd əkˈsɛpt ðə əˈwɔrd ɔn ʤun 2 2006 ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈnæʃənəl dɪˈfɛns əˈnaʊnst ðət ðə juz. æmˈbæsədər tɪ ˈkænədə hæd pərˈzɛnəd ðə saɪˈteɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈmɛmbərz əv 68 ˈæftər ðə ˈnɛsəˌsɛri ˈkəntri tɪ ˈkəntri ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk noʊts wər ɪksˈʧeɪnʤd tɪ meɪk ənd əkˈsɛpt ðə əˈwɔrd ɔn ʤun 2 2006 ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈnæʃənəl dɪˈfɛns əˈnaʊnst ðət ðə juz. æmˈbæsədər tɪ ˈkænədə hæd pərˈzɛnəd ðə saɪˈteɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈdeɪnɪʃ ˈspɛʃəl ˈfɔrsɪz: ɪn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 2005 ðə ˈdeɪnɪʃ ɑrmd ˈfɔrsɪz kəˈmænd əˈnaʊnst ðə rɪˈsit əv ðə ˈneɪvi ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən baɪ ˈdeɪnɪʃ ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ("ˈfrɑgˌmæn kɔrz", ðə ˈdeɪnɪʃ ˈneɪvəl ˈspɛʃəl ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ˈjunɪt) ənd ðə ("ˈhəntər kɔrz", ðə ˈdeɪnɪʃ ˈɑrmi ˈspɛʃəl ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ˈjunɪt). ˈdeɪnɪʃ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz wər rɪˈpɔrtədli ˈprɛzənt æt ðə dɪˈsɛmbər 7 2004 ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni wɪθ ðə juz. ˈprɛzɪdənt. 69 ˈʤərmən ˈspɛʃəl ˈfɔrsɪz: ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈʤərməniz spezialkräfte*, ər, sərvd wɪθ tæsk fɔrs. ðə əˈwɔrd əv ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən ɪz ˈnoʊtɪd ɔn ðə juz. ˈneɪviz ˈjunɪt əˈwɔrdz ˈdætəˌbeɪs, bət ˌkɑnfərˈmeɪʃən əv əkˈsɛptəns əv ðə əˈwɔrd baɪ ˈʤərməniz ˈbəndəsˌwɛr ɔn bɪˈhæf əv ðə ˈhaɪli ˈsikrətɪv həz nɑt bɪn meɪd ˈpəblɪk. nu ˈzilənd ˈspɛʃəl ɛr ˈsərvɪs: ðə nu ˈzilənd ˈspɛʃəl ɛr ˈsərvɪs, wɑz əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ˈneɪvi ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən fər ɪts pɑrˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən ɪn tæsk fɔrs ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ɪn æfˈgænəˌstæn. lt*. ˈkərnəl ˈpitər ˈkɛli, ðə kəˈmændɪŋ ˈɔfɪsər əv ðə grup, ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnɪd ðə ˈjunɪt æt ðə dɪˈsɛmbər 7 2004 əˈwɔrdz ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni. ˈfɔrməl əˈpruvəl fər wɛr keɪm frəm ðə kwin ɪn ʤun 2005 70 ˌnɔrˈwiʤən ˈspɛʃəl ˈfɔrsɪz: æt ə ˈpraɪvət ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni ɪn ˈɑzloʊ, ˈnɔrˌweɪ, ɔn ˈfɛbruˌɛri 8 2005 juz. æmˈbæsədər tɪ ˈnɔrˌweɪ ʤɑn dɔɪl ɔŋ pərˈzɛnəd ðə ˈneɪvi ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən ɔn bɪˈhæf əv ðə juz. ˈprɛzɪdənt tɪ ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈnɔrˌweɪz ˈspɛʃəl ˈfɔrsɪz hu sərvd wɪθ tæsk fɔrs. ˌnɔrˈwiʤən ɑrmd ˈfɔrsɪz ʧif əv stæf ˈʤɛnərəl ˈsɪgərd ˈɔlsoʊ pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪd ɪn ðə ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni. ˌnɔrˈwiʤən ˈspɛʃəl ˈfɔrsɪz frəm ðə rɔɪəl ˌnɔrˈwiʤən ˈɑrmiz ənd ðə rɔɪəl ˌnɔrˈwiʤən ˈneɪviz sərvd ɪn æfˈgænəˌstæn frəm dɪˈsɛmbər 2001 tɪ ˈeɪprəl 2002 71 ənd ðə rɔɪəl ˌnɔrˈwiʤən ˈneɪviz sərvd ɪn æfˈgænəˌstæn frəm dɪˈsɛmbər 2001 tɪ ˈeɪprəl 2002 ˈtərkɪʃ ˈspɛʃəl ˈfɔrsɪz: ðə riˈlis ˈnoʊtɪŋ ðə ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən tɪ tæsk fɔrs ˈmɛnʃənz ˈtərki əˈməŋ ðə ˈəðər ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən ˈmɛmbərz, ənd ðə juz. ˈneɪviz ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən ˈdætəˌbeɪs lɪsts wən ər mɔr ˈtərkɪʃ liˈeɪˌzɑn ˌpərsəˈnɛl əˈməŋ ˈpərsənz ɛnˈtaɪtəld tɪ ðə ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən, bət ˈlɪtəl mɔr həz bɪn ˈpəblɪkli dɪˈskloʊzd əˈbaʊt ðə roʊl əv ˈtərkɪʃ ˈspɛʃəl ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ˈfɔrsɪz ɪn tæsk fɔrs ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənz ɪn æfˈgænəˌstæn. ˌɔlˈðoʊ nɑt ə pɑrt əv tæsk fɔrs ðə ɔˈstreɪljən ˈspɛʃəl ɛr ˈsərvɪs ˈrɛʤəmənt wɑz ˈɔlsoʊ əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən. ðə ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən wɑz ðə θərd tɪ ən ɔˈstreɪljən ˈjunɪt, ˈʤɔɪnɪŋ ðə ˈɑrmi əˈwɔrdɪd tɪ bəˈtæljən, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrɛʤəmənt ɪn ðə ˌkɔˈriən wɔr ənd ðə ˈɑrmi əˈwɔrdɪd tɪ di ˈkəmpəˌni, bəˈtæljən, rɔɪəl ɔˈstreɪljən ˈrɛʤəmənt ɪn ðə viˌɛtˈnɑm wɔr. ɔl əv ðə ˈɛlɪʤəbəl ˌpərsəˈnɛl əv ðiz ˈjunɪts hu sərvd ɪn tæsk fɔrs wər əˈwɔrdɪd ðə ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, əkˈsɛptəns ənd wɛr əv ðə əˈwɔrd ɪz ˈsəbʤɪkt tɪ ðə rulz ənd ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz əv iʧ əv ðiz ˈkəntriz' ɑrmd ˈfɔrsɪz. ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ˌɪˈræki wɔr ˈɛdət ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən tɪ ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈjunɪts əˈtæʧt tɪ ˈɛdət ðə juz. aɪ mərˈin ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃəˌnɛri fɔrs), kənˈsɪstɪŋ əv ðə mərˈin dɪˈvɪʒən ənd əˈtæʧt ˈjunɪts, rɪˈsivd ðə ˈneɪvi ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈjunɪt saɪˈteɪʃən fər ɪts ˈækʃənz ɪn ˈkɑmbæt ɪn ˌɪˈrɑk frəm mɑrʧ 21 tɪ ˈeɪprəl 24 ˈnidɪd] əˈməŋ ðə əˈtæʧt ənd səˈpɔrtɪŋ ˈjunɪts ˈsaɪtɪd wər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈjunɪts:

this is a list of non-u.s. recipients of u.s. gallantry awards. individual awards for valor [ edit ] other than the awards to unknown soldiers of world war i, the medal of honor, the highest united states valor decoration, has not been awarded to a non-u.s. recipient. the highest valor decoration which non-u.s. individuals may receive is the service crosses of the services - the army distinguished service cross, the navy cross, and the air force cross. to date, no awards of the air force cross have been made to non-u.s. individuals. the army has awarded 440 distinguished service crosses to non-u.s. individuals, with most of these having come in world war i (154) and world war ii (258). the navy and marine corps have awarded 124 navy crosses to non-u.s. individuals, again with most of these having come in world war i (100) and world war ii (19). among notable recipients of these decorations were: world war i [ edit ] world war ii [ edit ] korean war [ edit ] vietnam war [ edit ] awards to unknown soldiers [ edit ] united kingdom [ edit ] on november 11, 1920, an unidentified british soldier from a battlefield of the first world war was buried at the western end of the nave of westminster abbey. the tomb of the unknown warrior as it came to be known, was to serve as a memorial to all of the soldiers who had no known grave. on october 17, 1921, the unknown warrior was presented with the medal of honor, the highest award for gallantry conferred by the united states, by general john j. pershing, chief of staff of the united states army. the medal of honor was awarded by an act of congress approved march 4, 1921. the medal hangs in a frame on a pillar close to the tomb. belgium [ edit ] the belgian tomb of the unknown soldier (french: tombeau du soldat inconnu, dutch: graf van de onbekende soldaat) is located in brussels. in war department general orders no. 52 of 1922, the united states announced the award of the medal of honor to the belgian unknown soldier: "by virtue of the authority vested by law in the president of the united states, the congressional medal of honor, emblem of the highest military ideals and virtues, is bestowed in the name of the congress of the united states upon the unknown, unidentified belgian soldier in a desire to add all that is possible to the imperishable glory won by the soldiers of belgium who fought as comrades of the american soldiers during the world war, and to commemorate with them the deeds of the nations associated with the united states of america, by paying this tribute to their unknown dead."[16] france [ edit ] the french tomb of the unknown soldier (french: tombeau du soldat inconnu) is located in the arc de triomphe in paris. the award of the medal of honor came in the same act of congress of march 4, 1921 which approved the award to the british unknown warrior.[16] italy [ edit ] a joint resolution of congress on october 12, 1921, awarded the medal of honor "upon the unknown, unidentified italian soldier to be buried in the national monument to victor emanuel ii, in rome."[17] romania [ edit ] war department general orders no. 22 of june 6, 1923 announced the award of the medal of honor to the romanian unknown soldier: "by virtue of the authority vested by law in the president of the united states, the congressional medal of honor, emblem of the highest military ideals and virtues, is bestowed in the name of the congress of the united states upon the unknown, unidentified rumanian soldier in a desire to add all that is possible to the imperishable glory won by the soldiers of rumania who fought as comrades of the american soldiers during the world war, and to commemorate with them the deeds of the nations associated with the united states of america, by paying this tribute to their unknown dead."[16] unit citations [ edit ] world war ii [ edit ] 25 field battery, royal artillery [ edit ] in october 1944, 7th us armored division was holding a very long stretch of the allied line in the netherlands when a german force of tanks and infantry attacked and captured the small town of meijel in the centre of the division's line; the village of asten was also threatened. as 7th armored was operating under british viii corps at the time, the corps commander, gen sir richard o'connor, sent 25th field regiment to support the us formation. the german attack intensified and the artillery regiment, especially 25 field battery, played a critical role over two and a half days in ensuring that the line was not broken. on the afternoon of 28 october, 25 battery engaged enemy tanks and infantry continuously for two hours, causing many casualties in the attackers' ranks. although the germans advanced some 700–1,000 yards, their advance was held. further reinforcements, from 15th (scottish) division, arrived on the 29th and 7th armored was able to withdraw, having suffered heavily but not having allowed the enemy to pass. for its part in the battle, 25 battery was awarded a distinguished unit citation and an honour title, becoming 25 (asten) battery, royal artillery. in 1947 it was renumbered as 59 (asten) battery and is today 59 (asten) training battery. no. 2 and 13 squadron, royal australian air force [ edit ] no. 2 and 13 squadron, royal australian air force was awarded the distinguished unit citation for its service in the timor area in august to september 1942. despite being awarded in october 1942 the citation[18] was not officially presented to the squadron until may 1990. the distinguished unit citation was redesignated after world war ii as the presidential unit citation. french 2nd armored division [ edit ] the french 2nd armored division (2e division blindée) was awarded the distinguished unit citation for the liberation of saverne and strasbourg during the period from 16 to 24 november 1944.[19] marching regiment of the foreign legion [ edit ] distinguished unit citation with the inscription "rhine–bavarian alps" for marching regiment of the foreign legion (french: régiment de marche de la légion etrangère, r.m.l.e); redesignated as 3rd foreign infantry regiment (french: 3e régiment étranger d'infanterie,3èmerei) on july 1, 1945; for the r.m.l.e actions in the drive of the sixth united states army group, of which the french first army was part, across the rhine river into southern germany to bavaria and austria in 1945. 1st brazilian fighter group [ edit ] on april 22, 1986, the 1st brazilian fighter group was awarded the distinguished unit citation for its actions in the po valley region of italy in world war ii. the brazilians, operating in italy in support of allied forces, destroyed in one day (april 22, 1945) over 45 vehicles, strafed pontoon bridges on the river po (hampering a german retreat) and harassed fixed positions of the german forces. from the citation:[20] "the casualties that they suffered reduced their pilot strength to about one half that of the united states army air force squadrons operating in the same area, but they flew an equal number of sorties as their us counterparts ... eleven missions of 44 sorties were flown destroying nine motor transports and damaging 17. additionally, they destroyed the facilities of a motor pool, immobilized 35 horse vehicles, damaged a road bridge and a pontoon bridge, destroyed 14 and damaged three enemy-occupied buildings, and attacked four military positions and inflicted much other damage." korean war [ edit ] royal marines at the battle of chosin reservoir [ edit ] royal marines task force drysdale, a combined unit of the united states 1st marine division which included 41 commando, royal marines, formed in november 1950 at hungnam in south korea, with the aim of fighting its way to reinforce the garrison at hagaru on the southern tip of the chosin reservoir. the column of drysdale came under sustained attack almost from the off, but was eventually able to force its way through to hagaru, with 321 casualties sustained. on entering the town, 41 commando was nominated as the garrison reserve, and was called into action on the night of november 29/november 30, when part of the commando was called on to reinforce a unit of the united states marine corps that was part of drysdale on a hill overlooking the chinese lines. during this night, the two chinese divisions facing them sustained over 5000 casualties. despite this, other united nations forces along the reservoir were failing to hold the lines. so, the force at hagaru were ordered to withdraw back to hungnam. 41 commando, along with the 5th marine battalion, brought up the rear, beginning on december 6. the force stopped at koto-ri on december 8, where a mass grave for 117 dead troops was prepared. 41 commando moved out in the afternoon to guard the high ground over the formation against infiltration during the night. on december 9, the formation moved out to march the remaining distance to the hungnam bridgehead, getting clear by december 11 and embarking with 22,000 us marines to be shipped down to pusan. the action had left 41 commando with 93 casualties, and so the unit was withdrawn to japan for reinforcement during the winter of 1950/51. the actions of 1st marine division led to it receiving a presidential unit citation, a us navy award. although 41 commando was not mentioned in the original citation (as us navy regulations did not originally allow bestowal upon foreign forces), representations to the usmc subsequently led to it also receiving the award, which was accepted in 1957. the streamer was born on the regimental colour of 41 commando, royal marines until its disbandment in 1981. un forces in the chinese spring offensive [ edit ] during the april 1951 chinese spring offensive, along the breadth of the united nations front, un forces faced attacks from numerically superior chinese communist forces. among the units which received the distinguished unit citation for battles during this offensive were the following: representatives of united kingdom, canadian, australian and belgian units of the british 29th brigade stand at parade rest, during ceremonies in which the american presidential unit citation was awarded to the gloucestershire regiment and the 170th independent mortar battalion, royal artillery, 8 may 1951. french bataillon de corée [ edit ] the french battalion (bataillon de corée) was a volunteer battalion which arrived in korea at the end of november 1950 and was attached to the 23rd infantry regiment of the u.s. 2nd infantry division. the battalion fought in numerous battles, including the battle of the twin tunnels, chipyong-ni, hongchon, hwachon reservoir, the battle of heartbreak ridge, and the battle of arrowhead ridge, until departing korea in july 1953. the french battalion earned three unit citations (for twin tunnels, chipyong-ni, and hwachon reservoir) and a republic of korea presidential unit citation for arrowhead ridge. it is unclear from the sources, but the "hwachon reservoir" citation may have been a presidential unit citation, a us navy award, while the first two were the army version of the time, the distinguished unit citation.[23][24][25] netherlands detachment united nations [ edit ] the dutch battalion (netherlands detachment united nations or van heutsz battalion) was a volunteer battalion that was part of the regiment van heutsz which arrived in korea at the end of november 1950. it was attached to the 38th infantry regiment (rock of the marne), which was part of the 2nd infantry (indianhead) division. the battalion fought in numerous battles, including battle of wonju, soyang river battle, battle of heartbreak ridge, and in the iron triangle. it left korea in november 1954, leaving 123 dead and 463 wounded. the dutch battalion was awarded two distinguished unit citations (with the citations 'hongchon, korea' and 'hoengsong, wonju, korea') and two republic of korea presidential unit citations for the entire campaign. the decorations were attached to the battalion flag. the battle honour 'korea 1950–1954' was awarded to the regiment van heutsz. the traditions of the netherlands detachment united nations are still maintained by the regiment van heutsz, the most decorated regiment in the royal netherlands army. the turkish brigade [ edit ] president harry truman signed a distinguished unit citation on july 11, 1951, for the turkish brigade's acts of heroism. it reads: "the turkish brigade, a member of the united nations forces in korea is cited for exceptionally outstanding performance of duty in combat in the area of kumyangjang-ni, korea, from 25 to 27 january 1951." greek expeditionary force [ edit ] the greek expeditionary force (korea) received a total of two distinguished unit citations and one navy presidential unit citation. the two army awards went to the force's infantry battalion (known as the sparta battalion) for the capture of scotch hill (october 1951) and the defense of outpost harry (17–18 june 1953), while flight 13 of the hellenic air force was awarded a presidential unit citation for its heroic evacuation of us marines from hagaru-ri (december 1950). the rifle company involved in the defense of outpost harry received the following distinguished unit citation: "department of the army washington d. c., 10 march 1955 general orders 18 distinguished unit citation company p greek expeditionary forces battalion (second award) is cited for extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance of duty in action against an armed enemy in the vicinity of surang-ni, korea during the period 17 june to 18 june 1953. assigned the defense of a vital outpost position (harry), the company encountered a major enemy assault on the evening of june 17. after an intense concentration of enemy mortar and artillery fire, the hostile forces, which had taken up an attack position on the northeast and northwest side of the outpost, moved rapidly through their own and friendly artillery fire to gain a foothold on the northern slope of the position. refusing to withdraw, company p closed in and met the attackers in a furious hand-to-hand struggle in which many of the enemy were driven off. the aggressors regrouped, quickly attacked a second time, and again gained the friendly trenches. immediately, the greek forces launched a series of counterattacks, simultaneously dispatching a diversionary force to the east of the outpost which successfully channeled the enemy thrusts. after 2 hours of close in fighting, the aggressors were again routed and the friendly positions restored. the outstanding conduct and exemplary courage exhibited by members of company p, greek expeditionary forces battalion, reflects great credit on themselves and are in keeping with the finest traditions of the military service and the kingdom of greece." the greeks won six u.s. distinguished service crosses, 32 silver stars, and 110 bronze stars. furthermore, 19 members of 13th flight received the air medal for the hagaru-ri evacuation operation in december 1950. vietnam war [ edit ] 1st division, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] the 1st division (south vietnam) were awarded a presidential unit citation. the hq company under ngô quang trưởng with 200 staff and officers with an attached reconnaissance company, of 50 men under the hac bao (black panthers) commanded by tran ngoc "harry" hue [26] held out for an entire month in hue citadel while completely surrounded during the battle of huế[26]. the city was quickly and completely surrounded by several elite battalions of pavn units on every side but repulsed all attempts at storming the citadel.[27] the defence of hue citadel despite overwhelming odds was regarded as the most pivotal moment of the battle, and had significant symbolic value for many in south vietnam during the tet offensive[27]. the commander of the hac bao, tran ngoc hue would also be awarded a silver star personally by general creighton abrams. republic of vietnam marine division [ edit ] the republic of vietnam marine division was awarded a presidential unit citation in 1972 for the second battle of quảng trị, recapturing the city after it was over-run by 45,000 pavn whom are deploying for the first time armoured and mechanised divisions.[28] this division was still recovering from lam son 719, which saw 1/4th of this entire division killed or wounded. during the battle this unit alone had lost almost 3,658 kia while inflicting 17,819 enemy casualties, capturing 5,000 weapons and vehicles and disabling dozens of t-54/t-55 tanks[28]. the battle was fought, alongside the airborne division arrayed against the three most elite and longest serving divisions of the pavn, the "iron and steel" divisions of the 308th division, 304th division and 325th division. this was the single bloodiest, longest and most intense engagement in the entire war and the most defining urban battle, far surpassing the battle of huế in all respects.[29] 1st armored brigade, army of the republic of vietnam a presidential unit citation is awarded by richard nixon in 1970 for operation duong son.[30] it was conducted in the quế sơn district district in 1970 by the newly created 1st armored brigade headquarters, composed of an armored cavalry squadron, a regional force battalion and 2 regular battalions.[31] the 1st armored brigade conducted its first mobile independent operations along the sea in the northern part of military region 1. controlling up to two armored cavalry regiments, rangers, and territorial forces, the brigade roamed over the area for two months and succeeded in destroying three enemy battalions. almost 900 viet cong and pavn were killed or captured, while the brigade lost sixty-eight men.[32] 37th ranger battalion, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] this unit earned the single most presidential unit citation of any unit in the war, and was the most decorated of the ranger battalion, out of the 11 battalions in the arvn rangers whom had received presidential unit citations. south vietnamese army's 37th ranger battalion received no less than three united states army presidential unit citations. the first was awarded in department of the army general order 20 of 1967, for extraordinary heroism in the vicinity of thach tru, quang ngai province on november 22, 1965.[33] this was during a battle in which a much larger regiment of the crack 18th nva regiment and vc 45th heavy weapons unit had staged a multi-pronged attack and were repulsed.[34] reinforcing the unit in the battle was a reinforcement of 3rd battalion, 7th regiment marines.[35] the second was awarded in department of the army general order 23 of 1969, for extraordinary heroism in the period of january 27 to february 25, 1968. the third was awarded in department of the army general order 37 of 1973, for extraordinary heroism in the period of february 11 to april 24, 1970. 42nd ranger battalion, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] a twice-decorated battalion that received presidential unit citation from two different presidents. first decorated in october 1965 with a direct public speech by president johnson.[36] the operation involved was a search-and-destroy in which they were on the defensive and attacked by a much larger enemy force. the 42nd ranger battalion was commended for over-turning the attacking forces and turning them onto the defensive where they proceeded to rout them[36]. afterwards decorated in march 7, 1968 for assaulting a well-defended enemy stronghold.[37] this unit was well-regarded as an assault unit capable of over-running well concealed fortifications and positions.[38] among the 11 arvn ranger units awarded with the presidential unit citation, the 42nd was among the most highly-decorated.[39] 39th ranger battalion, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] twice-decorated with a presidential unit citation (united states), awarded for actions between february 18-28, 1968 during the tet offensive and again for actions between february 11 to april 24, 1970.[40] alongside the 42nd and 37th these were the most decorated ranger battalions of the war.[41] one of the chosen forward assault groups during operation lam son 719, after securing an outpost, when expected reinforcements were halted this unit was in turn entirely encircled by armoured and infantry units from the elite 102nd regiment, 308th infantry division (vietnam). fighting its way out of a cordon, the unit was annihilated with 178 kia/mia and 148 wia out of an initial 430, although inflicting 639 kia upon the 102nd regiment.[42] 52nd ranger battalion, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] on 11 november 1965, the 52nd ranger battalion was augmented to the us 11th armored cavalry regiment and conducted an air assault to relief a us element of the 11th acr that had been ambushed by the vc 275th regiment near kim hai hamlet, in the village of phuoc hoa on route 15, in phuoc tuy province and received a united states presidential unit citation.[45] 44th ranger battalion, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] on april 6th 1965 the 44th ranger battalion was a reserve element of a larger force engaged in a search and destroy operation against two viet cong force battalions. the battalion was lifted by helicopter into battle when the lead infantry battalion accompanied by an armored personnel carrier troop were halted by intense fire delivered on their positions by the well-entrenched and camouflaged enemy. upon entering into the landing zone, the enemy delivered withering machine gun fire. despite the loss of their executive officer, a u.s. army advisor, and three helicopters during the lift the unit pursued and over-turned the attacking ambush forces, forcing them to withdraw and thereby saving the ambushed and pinned forces.[46] for these actions the unit has earned a presidential unit citation. second battalion, vietnamese marine brigade, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] the second battalion of the republic of vietnam marine division, nicknamed crazy buffaloes was the most decorated republic of vietnam marine division.[47] a presidential unit citation was earned at the battle of phung du in november 1966.[48] this was alongside a previously earned division-level commendation for participation in the second battle of quảng trị. d company, 6th battalion royal australian regiment battle of long tan [ edit ] a mortar and recoilless rifle attack on the task force area opened operation vendetta, on the night of august 16/17, 1966. b company, of the 6th battalion, royal australian regiment was initially dispatched to clear the area to the east of the task force base. d company took over from b company on august 18, 1966. d company made contact with the enemy force of regimental size and was soon under attack from three sides. the battle was fought into the night under a blanket of mist and heavy monsoonal rain, but d company held its ground with heroism and grim determination. the remainder of the battalion deployed to aid the beleaguered company. with the help of armoured personnel carriers of 3 troop, 1 apc squadron hit the flank of a battalion size force which was forming up to assault the rear of d company, inflicted many casualties and forced the enemy from the battlefield. a presidential unit citation was awarded to d company by the then president of the united states, lyndon b. johnson, for the battle of long tan. august 18 is now commemorated each year as long tan day, in memory of australian soldiers who served in the vietnam war. the streamer of the citation, bearing the honour 'long tan', is carried on the regimental colour of the 6th battalion, royal australian regiment. 514th tactical fighter squadron, republic of vietnam air force [ edit ] "the 514th tactical fighter squadron, a unit of the south vietnam air force, is cited for extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance of duty in combat against an armed enemy of the republic of vietnam throughout the period 1 january 1964 to 28 february 1965. participating in daily actions in support of republic of vietnam ground operations, the courageous men of the 514th tactical fighter squadron carried out their attacks on military targets with indomitable spirit and determination. the fierce determination to destroy the enemy displayed by the men of this unit was exemplified in the 6,000 sorties, and 13,000 flying hours compiled in support of ground operations during this period." [46] 2nd battallion, 31st regiment 21st infantry division, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] this unit earned a presidential unit citation. part of a heliborne rapid-reaction force, the 2nd battallion, 31st regiment of the 21st division was ordered to rescue a flanked battalion trapped in muddy swamps and flanked by main force viet cong units. with neither artillery, air-strike or armed helicopter support the unit moved through 600m of rice paddy to assault six machine-gun nests. the unit was able to close-in and route forces pinning down the two battalions through hand-to-hand combat. [49] 41st regimental headquarters, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] a presidential unit citation for the 41st regimental headquarters, including the 1st battalion and 3rd, 41st regiment, and 3rd troop, 8th reconnaissance squadron for action against one of the more elite units of the nva, the crack 18th regiment/312th division. the attack on regimental quarters was halted, and the commemoration was described with lyndon johnson describing the engagement as "in defeating the 7th and 8th battalions of the 18th north vietnam army regiment, a force equal to its own, ranks as one of the outstanding accomplishments in the vietnamese conflict and is in the highest traditions of the free world forces."[50] hq company of the 3rd platoon, 5th and the 6th company of the 2nd battalion, 9th regiment, 5th infantry division, arvn [ edit ] the hq company hq had earned a presidential unit citation from lyndon johnson. the statement reads: "the foregoing units distinguished themselves by extraordinary heroism during the defense of a revolutionary development program pacification project near tan hung, binh long province, republic of vietnam, on 11 july 1967 when they repulsed a full scale attack on their position by the 141st north vietnamese army regiment. this numerically superior enemy force was equipped with numerous automatic weapons, large supplies of ammunition, and new equipment. during the early morning hours, the republic of vietnam units were subjected to a heavy volume of mortar fire followed by three separate human wave assaults against the position. in each case, the enemy penetrations of the perimeter were beaten back by fierce counterattacks. the viciousness of the close combat and the effectiveness of the defenders were fully demonstrated when more than 70 enemy bodies were found within the inner fortifications after the battle. supported by air and artillery, the valiant defenders held their position, accounted for more than 170 north vietnamese soldiers, and captured over 90 individual and crew served weapons. the determination, devotion to duty, and indomitable courage demonstrated by these men of the 2d battalion, 9th regiment, are in keeping with the highest traditions of military service and reflect great credit upon themselves, their unit, and the republic of vietnam." [51] 74th tactical wing, vietnamese air force [ edit ] the 74th tactical wing of the vietnamese air force operating from july 1966 to february 1968 flew over 52,000 sorties with the 520th fighter squadron (a-1h), 74th tactical wing, flew 17,730 sorties in combat against armed hostile forces. this unit earned a presidential unit citation. "the officers and airmen of the wing repeatedly performed outstanding acts of heroism and gallantry, both individually and collectively, and demonstrated an esprit de corps in keeping with the highest traditions of the free military air forces. the 74th tactical wing inflicted severe damage on the hostile forces and, at the same time, saved countless vietnamese and american lives. despite their own tragic casualties and heavy battle damage, the men of the wing consistently maintained outstanding morale." [52] 9th company, 1st cavalry regiment, republic of korea army [ edit ] the 9th company, 1st cavalry regiment, republic of korea army was awarded the presidential unit citation on august 9, 1968, for its valor on august 9–10, 1966 in the defense of landing zone 27 victor, pleiku province, republic of vietnam. the citation reads, in part: "about one hour before midnight the sounds of digging were heard outside the perimeter. the suspicious area was illuminated by a searchlight and reconnoitered by machine-gun fire from one of the united states army tanks under operational control of the 9th company. this action triggered the first of a series of violent attacks made against the perimeter by a north vietnamese army battalion and reinforced by heavy fire from recoilless rifles, mortars, and rockets. during the next six hours, the foe made repeated assaults from differing directions, only to be beaten back by the coordinated fire from the stalwart defenders. a single enemy managed to penetrate into the position, but this danger was quickly eliminated by a korean soldier wielding a bayonet. throughout this long battle the 9th company held its position and exhibited great gallantry under intense fire and repeated ground attacks. the tenacious defense and subsequent mop-up of the battlefield virtually eliminated the enemy battalion as an effective fighting unit. the heavy losses inflicted upon the numerically superior enemy force attest to the physical courage, determination, and skill of the defenders. ..."[53] 1st company, royal thailand army volunteer regiment and attached units [ edit ] the 1st company, royal thailand army volunteer regiment and several attached and supporting units a medical platoon, an armored personnel carrier platoon and an artillery battery were awarded the presidential unit citation by president richard nixon on november 5, 1969, for extraordinary heroism on december 20–21, 1967 in vietnam. according to the citation: "during this period the 1st company was given the mission of conducting combat operations and revolutionary development support in bien hoa province. elements of the viet cong 274th main force battalion and the 3d main force battalion attacked the 1st company on the night of 20 december. this attack was repulsed by the heroic thai in a battle characterized by savage hand-to-hand combat with devastating effect on the enemy. by the unparalleled application of exceptional imagination, fearless courage, and unrelenting determination, the 1st company succeeded in repelling three assaults by the superior enemy force. although harassed by constant mortar fire, the valiant defenders aggressively engaged the enemy and inflicted heavy enemy casualties. individual acts of heroism were numerous, and during the entire battle the company officers, through their superb leadership, provided an inspirational example to the rest of the company. the thai victory deprived the enemy of one of its long-established infiltration and resupply routes. the aggressiveness, determination, enthusiasm, and exemplary courage displayed by the members of the 1st company and its attached and supporting units reflect great credit upon themselves, the royal thailand army, and the allied cause in the republic of vietnam."[54] 3rd airborne task force, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] the 3rd airborne task force, army of the republic of vietnam, consisting of the task force headquarters and 2nd and 3rd vietnamese airborne battalions, was awarded the presidential unit citation for heroism in operation kham jei 180 from november 15–22, 1967.[54] 7th airborne battalion, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] the 7th airborne battalion, republic of vietnam airborne division was awarded a presidential unit citation citation for repelling attacks by overwhelming nva units in quang ngai province in february 19th, 1967 . a lack of air support due to weather conditions saw hand-to-hand fighting, in which a larger force attacked from three sides and was repulsed.[55] 8th airborne battalion, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] the 8th airborne battalion, republic of vietnam airborne division was awarded a presidential unit citationfor combat action in february 25-28th, 1967 for moving through 800m of open-rice fields to assault a fortified position. two days later the same unit was ordered to move through 2000 meters in order to flank another enemy position. despite heavy casualties, the unit fought the next day and assaulted a machine-gun and mortar position, deploying small-arms, bayonets and hand-grenades to overwhelm enemy positions. this is with the unit having relatively little artillery support throughout the battle, and with other units in disarray.[56] 1st battalion group, royal australian regiment, vietnam, 1965–1966 [ edit ] between may 1965 and may 1966, the 1st battalion group, royal australian regiment, consisting of the 1st battalion, royal australian regiment, the 4th/19th prince of wales's light horse, 105 field battery royal australian artillery, 3 field troop royal australian engineers, 161st independent reconnaissance flight, and 1st australian logistical support company served as part of the us 173rd airborne brigade in vietnam.[57] during that time, the brigade was constantly involved in heavy fighting, as it was invariably one of the leading units in the front line. for its service throughout this period, the 1st battalion, royal australian regiment, and its attachments were awarded the united states meritorious unit commendation.[58][59] the streamer of the commendation, bearing the honour 'vietnam 1965–66', is carried on the regimental colour of the 1st battalion, royal australian regiment. 3d armored cavalry squadron, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] in 1971, the presidential unit citation (us) was awarded to the 3d armored cavalry squadron and attached u.s. advisor/liaison personnel (macv) for extraordinary heroism in action against an armed enemy during the period january 1, 1968, to september 30, 1968, in pleiku and binh dinh provinces. the squadron engaged a viet cong battalion near the city of pleiku during the tet offensive. elements of the squadron spearheaded direct strikes against the 18th north vietnamese army regiment in other major engagements in binh dinh province and the city of phu my.[60] on february 1, 1968, they fought a pitched battle with the liberation front’s h-15 local force battalion in or near pleiku.[61] in august 1968, elements of the 3rd arvn cavalry, along with a reaction platoon from the 2/1st cav, opconed to the 4th inf, foiled an attempted nva ambush, killing 31 enemy. the following day the soldiers found 10 more bodies bringing the toll to 41 enemy killed. in the third day of enemy harassment of convoys along highway 14 in kontum province, an estimated force of two nva companies attacked a 4th div convoy 14 miles south of kontum with mortar, recoilless rifle, small arms, and rocket and machinegun fire. armored cars from the 4th mp company immediately returned the fire. at the outbreak of the attack, tanks and armored cavalry assault vehicles of the 3rd arvn cavalry and the 2/1st cav, which had been deployed along the highway in anticipation of possible contact, began to pour heavy fire into the enemy positions. under the onslaught of allied armor the enemy broke contact, leaving 41 killed behind.[62] 883d company, regional force, army of the republic of vietnam [ edit ] on 9th march the 883d company of the south vietnamese regional force earned a presidential unit citation, militia assigned the defense of the village of ha tay, with a strength of only 71 men, was attacked by a viet cong battalion of vastly superior strength. the 883d company withstood repeated enemy assaults, all of which were supported by intense mortar and recoilless rifle fire. through the morning this unit made its gallant stand unaided by outside fire support. the company had sustained over 30 killed in action or seriously wounded and had nearly exhausted its ammunition and grenades. the members of the company were undaunted and proceeded to breakout of the cordon. following a break-out, the unit joined with a larger force and proceed to counterattack the battalion. the counterattack was successful in driving the enemy from the area. the dogged defense of ha tay by the 883d regional force company resulted in the death of 221 viet cong and the capture of two machine guns[46]. 1st engineer battalion presidential unit citation (united states) for actions between 1 jan 67 to 25 feb 68, dago 23, 69.[40] 161 battery, royal new zealand artillery, vietnam, 1965-1966 [ edit ] between may 1965 and june 1966, 161 battery, 16 field regiment, royal new zealand artillery served as part of the us 173rd airborne brigade in vietnam. for its service throughout this period, 161 battery, rnza were awarded the united states meritorious unit commendation.[58] personnel who were posted to the unit during the period for which the citation was awarded are entitled to permanently wear the united states army meritorious unit commendation on the right breast.[63] australian army training team vietnam, 1962–1969 [ edit ] for the service it provided during the vietnam war between 1962 and 1969, the australian army training team vietnam was awarded the united states meritorious unit commendation.[64] the commendation is indicated by a red streamer bearing the honour 'vietnam 1962–69'. no. 2 squadron, royal australian air force [ edit ] for its service in vietnam between april 1967 and may 1971, no. 2 squadron, royal australian air force was awarded the united states air force outstanding unit award with attached valor device.[65] royal australian navy in vietnam [ edit ] for their service during the vietnam war, both hmas perth and hmas hobart of the royal australian navy were awarded commendations. the perth was awarded both the navy unit commendation and the meritorious unit commendation while the hobart received the navy unit commendation. the ran's clearance diving team 3 was awarded the us presidential unit citation, twice awarded the navy unit commendation for the periods january 1, 1968, to december 31, 1970, whilst part of explosive ordnance disposal mobile unit, pacific (eodmupac) and june 1, 1969, to november 25, 1970, as a unit of inshore undersea warfare group one (iuwg1), and the meritorious unit commendation for its work clearing the harbours of vung tau, cam ranh bay, qui nhon, and nha trang between february 19 and june 30, 1967. operation enduring freedom in afghanistan [ edit ] task force k-bar [ edit ] on december 7, 2004, at a private ceremony in california, president george w. bush presented the navy presidential unit citation to the members of combined joint special operations task force-south/task force k-bar (cjsotf-south/tf k-bar). task force k-bar was a navy seal-led unit that served in afghanistan as part of operation enduring freedom from october 2001 to march 2002, and it was decorated for "outstanding courage, resourcefulness, and aggressive fighting spirit in combat against a well equipped, well trained and treacherous terrorist enemy".[66] task force k-bar was "joint" in that it included members of more than one service army special forces, air force combat controllers as well as navy special warfare personnel and "combined" in that it included military personnel from several countries. besides united states personnel, special operations personnel from the following countries and units participated, earning the navy presidential unit citation. canadian joint task force 2 (jtf2): the contingent of canada's special operations unit, jtf2, which served in task force k-bar was awarded the navy presidential unit citation for their service in afghanistan. the canadian department of national defence announced the award on december 8, 2004. [67] after the necessary country to country diplomatic notes were exchanged to make and accept the award on june 2, 2006, the department of national defence announced that the u.s. ambassador to canada had presented the citation to the members of jtf2. [68] after the necessary country to country diplomatic notes were exchanged to make and accept the award on june 2, 2006, the department of national defence announced that the u.s. ambassador to canada had presented the citation to the members of jtf2. danish special forces: in february 2005, the danish armed forces command announced the receipt of the navy presidential unit citation by danish members of the frømandskorpset ("frogman corps", the danish naval special operations unit) and the jægerkorpset ("hunter corps", the danish army special operations unit). danish representatives were reportedly present at the december 7, 2004 ceremony with the u.s. president. [69] german special forces: members of germany's kommando spezialkräfte, or ksk, served with task force k-bar. the award of the presidential unit citation is noted on the u.s. navy's unit awards database, but confirmation of acceptance of the award by germany's bundeswehr on behalf of the highly secretive ksk has not been made public. new zealand special air service: the new zealand special air service, was awarded the navy presidential unit citation for its participation in task force k-bar's operations in afghanistan. lt. colonel peter kelly, the commanding officer of the 1st nzsas group, represented the unit at the december 7, 2004 awards ceremony. formal approval for wear came from the queen in june 2005. [70] norwegian special forces: at a private ceremony in oslo, norway, on february 8, 2005, u.s. ambassador to norway john doyle ong presented the navy presidential unit citation on behalf of the u.s. president to members of norway's special forces who served with task force k-bar. norwegian armed forces chief of staff general sigurd frisvold also participated in the ceremony. norwegian special forces from the royal norwegian army's hærens jegerkommando and the royal norwegian navy's marinejegerkommandoen served in afghanistan from december 2001 to april 2002. [71] and the royal norwegian navy's served in afghanistan from december 2001 to april 2002. turkish special forces: the release noting the unit citation to task force k-bar mentions turkey among the other coalition members, and the u.s. navy's unit citation database lists one or more turkish liaison personnel among persons entitled to the unit citation, but little more has been publicly disclosed about the role of turkish special operations forces in task force k-bar's operations in afghanistan. although not a part of task force k-bar the australian special air service regiment was also awarded the presidential unit citation. the presidential unit citation was the third to an australian unit, joining the army puc awarded to 3rd battalion, royal australian regiment in the korean war and the army puc awarded to d company, 6th battalion, royal australian regiment in the vietnam war. all of the eligible personnel of these units who served in task force k-bar were awarded the unit citation. however, acceptance and wear of the award is subject to the rules and regulations of each of these countries' armed forces. operation iraqi freedom/iraq war [ edit ] presidential unit citation to british units attached to 1st mef [ edit ] the u.s. i marine expeditionary force (1st mef), consisting of the 1st marine division and attached units, received the navy presidential unit citation for its actions in combat in iraq from march 21 to april 24, 2003.[citation needed] among the attached and supporting units cited were the following british units:

8:15pm*: mɔr ɔn ðə ˈaʊtˌfild frəm sˈləsər, hu rɪˈpɔrts ðət ˈɔlsoʊ ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn wən əv ˈtimˌmeɪts, grichuk*, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə reds’*’ ˈædəm duˈvɑl ənd ðə rays’*’ ˈstivən ˈsuzə jr*. ɛz rən ˈhɪtərz ɪn 2017 duˈvɑl ənd ˈsuzə wʊd prəˈvaɪd raɪˈthændɪd pənʧ tɪ ðə ˈlaɪˌnəp ɪf əkˈwaɪərd. ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈtroʊləbəl fər ðə nɛkst fju ˈsizənz ˈəndər ræps θru 2021 ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ wən jɪr, waɪl sɛt tɪ pleɪ hɪz fərst əv θri kæmˈpeɪnz ɪn 2018 prɑˈʤɛktəd tɪ ərn ə ˈvɛri əˈfɔrdəbəl 3.6mm*. əˈnəðər ˈpaʊərfəl ˈraɪti ˈɛnərɪŋ hɪz fərst əv θri ɑrb jɪrz, ðoʊ hi fɛr ɛz wɛl ɛz duˈvɑl ər ˈsuzə ɪn 2017 ˈminˌwaɪl, ðə sim əˈnɪntrəstəd ɪn ˈmuvɪŋ wən əv ðɛr tɔp əˈfɛnsɪv pleɪərz, lɛft ˈhɪtər ˈdeɪvɪs, pər sˈləsər. spərnd ðə rɛd sɑks ənd ˈəðər timz ðət hæv ˌɪnkˈwaɪərd əˈbaʊt ˈdeɪvɪs ðɪs ˈwɪntər. 1:04am*: ðə æθˈlɛtɪks kənˈtɪnju tɪ hæv ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ðə cardinals’*’ ˈstivən, ɛz ˈsuzən sˈləsər əv ðə sæn frænˈsɪskoʊ ˈkrɑnɪkəl ˈrisəntli ˌriˈpɔrtəd ənd ʤeɪn li dɪˈskəsɪz ɪn ə ˈvɪdioʊ lɪŋk. ˈoʊklənd həz bɪn ɔn ðə hənt ðɪs ˈwɪntər fər raɪˈthændɪd ˈhɪtɪŋ ˈaʊtˌfild hɛlp. ə ˈpriviəs kəˈnɛkʃən bɪtˈwin ənd ðə ˈsərfɪst ɪn ðə ˈæftərˌmæθ əv ðə treɪd ˈdɛˌdlaɪn, ɛz ðə ˈkɑrdɪnəlz rɪˈpɔrtədli ˈfloʊtɪd ən ˈɔfər əv ənd ˈiðər luk ˈwivər ər ʤæk ˈflɛrti tɪ ˈoʊklənd ɪn ɪksˈʧeɪnʤ fər ˈsəni greɪ. ðoʊz tɔks ˈnɛvər ˈrɪli gɑt ɔf ðə graʊnd, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ənd ðə ˈsəbsəkwəntli dɛlt greɪ tɪ ðə ˈjæŋkiz. ɛz li ˈmɛnʃənz ɪn ðə ˈvɪdioʊ, hæv ˈɪntəˌrɛst ɪn ə tən əv ˈaʊtˌfildərz raɪt now,”*,” wɪθ ðə tim ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˈfoʊkɪst ɔn raɪˈthændɪd bæts hu ər kənˈtroʊləbəl, soʊ ðə ˈoʊnli ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ˈvɛtərən ˈɔpʃənz. ðə æθˈlɛtɪks ər ˈklɪrli ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ ʃɑp nɪr ðə tɔp əv ðə treɪd ˈmɑrkɪt, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɛz səʧ neɪmz ɛz ˌgɑrˈsiə əv ðə waɪt sɑks ənd ˈmɑrlənz ˈaʊtˌfildərz mɑrˈseɪl oʊˈzunə ənd ˈkrɪsʧɪn (ə ˌlɛfˈthændɪd ˈhɪtər) hæv ɔˈrɛdi bɪn ˌriˈpɔrtəd ɛz ˈlændɪŋ ɔn ˈreɪˌdɑr ɪn tɔks. kɔst ɛz məʧ ɪn ə dil ɛz ðoʊz əˈfɔrˌmɛnʃənd neɪmz, ˈgɪvɪn haʊ hi ˈstrəgəld ɪn 2017 ˈæftər ˈsaɪnɪŋ ə six-year*, ɪkˈstɛnʃən wɪθ ðə ˈkɑrdɪnəlz ɪn ˈeɪprəl, wɛnt frəm ˈbɪldɪŋ blɑk tɪ pəˈtɛnʃəli ɪkˈspɛndəbəl pis baɪ ˈhɪtɪŋ ʤɪst wɪθ naɪn ˈhoʊmərz ˈoʊvər 401 pleɪt əˈpɪrənsəz. grɔɪn ənd ˈhæmˌstrɪŋ ˈɪnʤəriz hɛlp hɪz kɔz, ənd wɑz ˈivɪn dɪˈmoʊtɪd tɪ ɪn ˈɔgəst fər ə brif spɛl. stɪl, ˈpoʊstɪd strɔŋ ˈnəmbərz ɪn hɪz fərst tu bɪg lig ˈsizənz, hi tərn 27 ənˈtɪl ˈʤænjuˌɛri, ənd ðə kɑrdz ər lɛs ðən ə jɪr riˈmuvd frəm ˈlɑkɪŋ ɪm əp ɔn wət kʊd stɪl bi ə ɪkˈstɛnʃən. ˈəndər ˈnɔrməl ˈsərkəmˌstænsɪz, st*. luɪs bi ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ dil ə pleɪər laɪk (əˈspɛʃəli wɪn hɪz treɪd ˈvælju həz bɪn loʊərd), ðoʊ ðə kləb məst kriˈeɪt rum wɪˈθɪn ə ˈkraʊdɪd ˈaʊtˌfild ˈpɪkʧər. ˈdɛkstər ˈfaʊlər ənd ˈtɑmi fæm lɑkt ˈɪntu ˈɛvriˈdeɪ ˈaʊtˌfild spɑts nɛkst jɪr, ˈlivɪŋ ʤɪst wən ˈkɔrnər spɑt fər, ˈrændəl grichuk*, ənd ˈprɑspɛkts siˈɛrə, ˈtaɪlər o’neill*, ənd ˈhɛrɪsən ˈbædər. ðə kɑrdz meɪ ˈɔlsoʊ æd əˈnəðər ˈɛvriˈdeɪ ˈaʊtˌfildər ˈɔlsoʊ bɪn lɪŋkt tɪ oʊˈzunə ənd ɪn treɪd ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃən, ənd j.d*. mɑrˈtinɛz ɪz ə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti fər ə ˈkɑrdɪnəlz ˈlaɪˌnəp ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə bɪg bæt ˈæftər ˈmɪsɪŋ aʊt ɔn ˌʤiæŋˈkɑˌrloʊ ˈstæntən. ðɪs ˈsərpləs meɪks st*. luɪs ə ˈlɑʤɪkəl treɪd ˈpɑrtnər fər ən ˈoʊklənd tim ðət ɪz ʃɔrt ɔn ɪˈstæblɪʃt ˈaʊtˌfildərz. ˈpɑwɛl ənd tɔp ˈprɑspɛkt ˈdəstɪn ˈfaʊlər ər ðə tɔp ˈkænədɪts fər ˈsɛnər fild, waɪl mæt ʤɔɪs, ʤeɪk sməˈlɪnski, ʧæd ˈpaɪndər ənd mɑrk wɪl bi ɪn ðə mɪks fər pleɪɪŋ taɪm ɪn ðə ˈkɔrnərz. wʊd stɛp ˈɪntu wən əv ðoʊz ˈkɔrnər spɑts fər ˈɛvriˈdeɪ ˈduti raɪt əˈweɪ, ənd ðə oʊd tɪ ɪm ˈoʊvər ðə nɛkst faɪv jɪrz (ˈkaʊntɪŋ ə baɪaʊt əv hɪz kləb ˈɔpʃən fər 2023 ɪz ə ˈpælətəbəl praɪs tæg ˈivɪn fər ə tim laɪk ðə.

8:15pm: more on the a’s outfield from slusser, who reports that they’re also interested in one of piscotty’s teammates, grichuk, as well as the reds’ adam duvall and the rays’ steven souza jr. as 30-home run hitters in 2017, duvall and souza would provide right-handed punch to the a’s lineup if acquired. they’re also controllable for the next few seasons – duvall’s under wraps through 2021, including one pre-arbitration year, while souza’s set to play his first of three arb-eligible campaigns in 2018. he’s projected to earn a very affordable $3.6mm. grichuk’s another powerful righty entering his first of three arb years, though he didn’t fare as well as duvall or souza in 2017. meanwhile, the a’s seem uninterested in moving one of their top offensive players, left fielder/designated hitter khris davis, per slusser. they’ve spurned the red sox and other teams that have inquired about davis this winter. 1:04am: the athletics continue to have interest in the cardinals’ stephen piscotty, as susan slusser of the san francisco chronicle recently reported and mlb.com’s jane lee discusses in a video link. oakland has been on the hunt this winter for right-handed hitting outfield help. a previous connection between piscotty and the a’s surfaced in the aftermath of the trade deadline, as the cardinals reportedly floated an offer of piscotty and either luke weaver or jack flaherty to oakland in exchange for sonny gray. those talks never really got off the ground, however, and the a’s subsequently dealt gray to the yankees. as lee mentions in the video, “the a’s have interest in a ton of outfielders right now,” with the team particularly focused on right-handed bats who are controllable, so the a’s aren’t only looking at veteran options. the athletics are clearly willing to shop near the top of the trade market, however, as such names as avisail garcia of the white sox and marlins outfielders marcell ozuna and christian yelich (a left-handed hitter) have already been reported as landing on oakland’s radar in talks. piscotty wouldn’t cost as much in a deal as those aforementioned names, given how he struggled in 2017. after signing a six-year, $33.5mm extension with the cardinals in april, piscotty went from building block to potentially expendable piece by hitting just .235/.342/.367 with nine homers over 401 plate appearances. groin and hamstring injuries didn’t help his cause, and piscotty was even demoted to triple-a in august for a brief spell. still, piscotty posted strong numbers in his first two big league seasons, he doesn’t turn 27 until january, and the cards are less than a year removed from locking him up on what could still be a team-friendly extension. under normal circumstances, st. louis wouldn’t be looking to deal a player like piscotty (especially when his trade value has been lowered), though the club must create room within a crowded outfield picture. dexter fowler and tommy pham locked into everyday outfield spots next year, leaving just one corner spot for piscotty, randal grichuk, and prospects magneuris sierra, tyler o’neill, and harrison bader. the cards may also add another everyday outfielder they’ve also been linked to ozuna and yelich in trade speculation, and j.d. martinez is a possibility for a cardinals lineup looking for a big bat after missing out on giancarlo stanton. this surplus makes st. louis a logical trade partner for an oakland team that is short on established outfielders. boog powell and top prospect dustin fowler are the top candidates for center field, while matt joyce, jake smolinski, chad pinder and mark canha will be in the mix for playing time in the corners. piscotty would step into one of those corner spots for everyday duty right away, and the $30.5mm owed to him over the next five years (counting a $1mm buyout of his $15mm club option for 2023) is a palatable price tag even for a smaller-market team like the a’s.

wɪn krɪˈstin ˈwɔntɪd tɪ ʃoʊ ˈvoʊtərz ɪn ðə 2008 ɪˈlɛkʃən wət taɪp əv barrel”*” ˈspɛndɪŋ ʃi wʊd ˈnɛvər voʊt fər, ʃi ˈsaɪtɪd ðə ɪgˈzæmpəl əv ðə ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ˈsoʊˈkɔld tɪ nowhere”*” ɪn əˈlæskə ə ˈprɑʤɛkt bækt baɪ ˈsɛrə ˈpælɪn. ɛnˈdɔrsmənt əv geɪv hər ˈkændɪdəsi ə bɪg bust ʤɪst ˌbiˈfɔr ðə ən ˈvərʒən əv hər 2008 kæmˈpeɪn ˈwɛbˌsaɪt faʊnd baɪ ˈtɔkɪŋ pɔɪnts ˈmɛˌmoʊ, roʊt: aɪ wɪl ˈnɛvər voʊt fər ˈbɛrəl spending”*” ər kərəpt favors.”*.” ðiz tərmz rɪˈfər tɪ ðə ˈpræktɪs əv sˈlɪpɪŋ ˈfeɪvərz fər ˈspɛʃəl ˈɪntəˌrɛst grups ˈɪntu ðə ˈfaɪnəl ˈsteɪʤɪz ˈspɛndɪŋ bɪlz. ðiz ˈsoʊˈkɔld ˈspɛʃəl ˈprɑʤɛkts hæv ˈlɪtəl əˈkaʊntəˌbɪlɪti tɪ dɪˈtərmən ɪf ðə ˈprɑʤɛkts wər kəmˈplitɪd ɔn taɪm, ɪf ðə ˈməni wɑz spɛnt ðə weɪ ɪt wɑz ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd ər hu ˈprɑfətəd frəm ðə dil. (fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, 250 ˈmɪljən wɑz ˈɪrˌmɑrkt θri jɪrz əˈgoʊ fər ə brɪʤ tɪ ˈnoʊˌwɛr ɪn əˈlæskə.) ˈpælɪn sɛd ɪn ə ˈnæʃənəli ˈtɛləˌvaɪzd spiʧ wɪn əkˈsɛptɪŋ ðə ʤɑb ɛz ʤɑn ˈrənɪŋ meɪt ðət ʃi əˈpoʊzd ˈfɛdərəl ˈfəndɪŋ fər ðə ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl brɪʤ wɪʧ wʊd hæv lɪŋkt ðə ˈspɑrsli ˈpɑpjəˌleɪtəd grɑˈvinə ˈaɪlənd tɪ ðə taʊn əv ˈkɛʧɪkən, əˈlæskə. bət ʃi ˈɛvədəns ˈleɪtər ˈimərʤd ðət ʃi wɑz fər ɪt ˌbiˈfɔr ʃi wɑz əˈgɛnst ɪt. nid tɪ kəm tɪ ðə dɪˈfɛns əv ˌsaʊˈθist əˈlæskə wɪn prəˈpoʊzəlz ər ɔn ðə ˈteɪbəl laɪk ðə brɪʤ, ənd nɑt əˈlaʊ ðə tɪ tərn ðɪs ˈprɑʤɛkt ər ˈɛni ˈəðər ˈɪntu ˈsəmθɪŋ soʊ negative,”*,” ˈpælɪn sɛd ɪn ˈɔgəst 2006 əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈkɛʧɪkən ˈdeɪli nuz ənd ɛz ˌriˈpɔrtəd baɪ ˈjuˈɛˈseɪ təˈdeɪ. ˈlɛtər wɑz ɔn hər ˈwɛbˌsaɪt ɛz əv ˈeɪprəl 10 2008 mənθs ˌbiˈfɔr ˈpælɪn wɑz neɪmd ɛz ˈrənɪŋ meɪt.

when christine o’donnell wanted to show voters in the 2008 election what type of “pork barrel” spending she would never vote for, she cited the example of the controversial so-called “bridge to nowhere” in alaska a project backed by now-supporter sarah palin. palin’s endorsement of o’donnell gave her candidacy a big boost just before the primary.in an archived version of her 2008 campaign website found by talking points memo, o’donnell wrote: i will never vote for “pork barrel spending” or corrupt “earmark favors.” these terms refer to the practice of slipping favors for special interest groups into the final stages spending bills. these so-called special projects have little accountability to determine if the projects were completed on time, if the money was spent the way it was intended or who profited from the deal. (for example, $250 million was earmarked three years ago for a bridge to nowhere in alaska.) palin said in a nationally televised speech when accepting the job as john mccain’s running mate that she opposed federal funding for the controversial bridge which would have linked the sparsely populated gravina island to the town of ketchikan, alaska. but she evidence later emerged that she was for it before she was against it. “we need to come to the defense of southeast alaska when proposals are on the table like the bridge, and not allow the spinmeisters to turn this project or any other into something that’s so negative,” palin said in august 2006, according to the ketchikan daily news and as reported by usa today. o’donnell’s letter was on her website as of april 10, 2008, months before palin was named as mccain’s running mate.

ˌoʊkləˈhoʊmə ˈsɪti (ˈrɔɪtərz) ðə ˌoʊkləˈhoʊmə haʊs pæst ə bɪl ɔn ˈtuzˌdeɪ səˈpɔrtərz sɛd wɑz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ ˌɪnˈkris ðə ˈnəmbər əv ˌloʊˈɪnkəm ˈstudənts hu kən əˈtɛnd ˈpraɪvət skulz baɪ kriˈeɪtɪŋ ə steɪt tæks ˈkrɛdɪt fər gɪfts meɪd tɪ ˈskɑlərˌʃɪp grups. ðə ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz pæst ðə bɪl, wɪʧ ɔˈrɛdi klɪrd ðə steɪt ˈsɛnɪt, baɪ ə voʊt əv bɪˈkəz ðə haʊs ˈvərʒən wɑz sˈlaɪtli ˈdɪfərənt, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə bɪl naʊ hɛdz bæk tɪ ðə ˈsɛnɪt. ɪf, ɛz ɪkˈspɛktɪd, ðət ˈʧeɪmbər ˈpæsɪz ðə rɪˈvaɪzd ˈvərʒən, ɪt wɪl hɛd tɪ ðə dɛsk əv ˈgəvərnər ˈmɛri ˈfælɪn. prəˈpoʊnənts əv ðə ˈsoʊˈkɔld ˈikwəl ˌɑpərˈtunəti ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən ˈskɑlərˌʃɪp act”*” ˈtaʊtɪd ðə ˈmɛʒər ɛz ə weɪ fər səm pur ˈstudənts tɪ ɪˈskeɪp ðɛr səbˈstændərd ˈpəblɪk skulz baɪ ˌɪnˈkrisɪŋ ðə ˈməni əˈveɪləbəl tɪ hɛlp peɪ fər tuˈɪʃənz. əˈpoʊnənts sɛd ðə bɪl wʊd hərt ˈfəndɪŋ fər ðə ˈpəblɪk skul ˈsɪstəm ənd prəˈvaɪd ɪˈnəf ˈskɑlərˌʃɪp ˈməni fər ˈtruli pur ˈstudənts tɪ peɪ ðə fʊl tjuˈɪʃən æt ˈpraɪvət skulz. ˈəndər ðə bɪl, ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz, ˈmɛrid ˈkəpəlz ənd ˈbɪznɪsɪz wɪl rɪˈsiv ə 50 pərˈsɛnt tæks ˈkrɛdɪt fər ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃənz tɪ ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz ðət gɪv ˈskɑlərˌʃɪps tɪ ˈpraɪvət skulz ər ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz ðət meɪk ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃənəl grænts tɪ ˈpəblɪk skulz ɪn ˈrʊrəl ˈɛriəz. ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ər ˈlɪmɪtɪd tɪ gɪfts, ˈmɛrid ˈkəpəlz ənd ˈbɪznɪsɪz ˈtoʊtəl ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃənz ər kæpt æt 5 ˈmɪljən pər jɪr. bɪˈkəz ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃənz goʊ dɪˈrɛkli tɪ ˈpraɪvət skulz bət tɪ ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃənz ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd baɪ ðə ˌɪnˈtərnəl ˈrɛvəˌnu ˈsərvɪs ɛz ˈʧɛrɪtiz, rɪˈpəblɪkən ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪv li ˈdɛni əv ˈkʊʃɪŋ, ðə co-author*, sɛd ðə ˈmɛʒər ɪz nɑt ə ˈvaʊʧər ˈproʊˌgræm. ʃi rɪˈsivd səm səˈpɔrt frəm ˈdɛməˌkræts, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪv rəˈbɛkə ˈhæməltən əv ˌoʊkləˈhoʊmə ˈsɪti, hu sɛd ðə skulz ər ənd dehumanizing.”*.” ˈnəmbər wən θɪŋ ˈlækɪŋ ɪn maɪ ˈdɪstrɪkt əˈməŋ maɪ ˈstudənts ɪz hope,”*,” ʃi sɛd. tərn maɪ bæk ɔn ðoʊz ɪt wɪl help.”*.” ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk məˈnɔrəti ˈlidər skɑt ˈɪnmən, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, sɛd ðə bɪl wɪl du ˈlɪtəl tɪ hɛlp pur ˈstudənts. ðɪs bɪl sɪz ɪz, `wi gɪv up.’*.’ ɪt ˈʧɛri pɪks ə fju kɪdz ənd sɪz tɪ ðə rɛst, `gʊd luck.’”*.’” wɪθ səm ˈpraɪvət skulz ˈʧɑrʤɪŋ ɛz məʧ ɛz tɪ ˈænjuəli, ˈɪnmən sɛd ˈtruli pur ˈstudənts bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˈməstər ɪˈnəf ˈməni tɪ meɪk əp ðə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ðə ˈskɑlərˌʃɪps, kæpt æt ənd fʊl tjuˈɪʃən. ˈɪnmən ˈɔlsoʊ ʧɑrʤd ðə bɪl həz noʊ haɪɛnd ˈɪnˌkəm ˈlɪmət fər ˈwɛlθi ˈfæməliz huz ˈʧɪldrən ɔˈrɛdi əˈtɛnd ˈpraɪvət skulz ənd hu lɪv ɪn ˈneɪbərˌhʊdz wɛr ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈpəblɪk skul həz ˈlændɪd ɔn ðə improvement”*” lɪst. ˈstudənts ˈɛlɪʤəbəl fər ðə ˈskɑlərˌʃɪps məst ˈiðər kəm frəm ˈfæməliz hu meɪk noʊ mɔr ðən 300 pərˈsɛnt əv ðə ˈɪnˌkəm ˈlɛvəl ðət kˈwɑləˌfaɪz fər fri ər rɪˈdust lənʧ ˈproʊˌgræmz ər hu lɪv ɪn ˈɛriəz wɛr ðə ˈloʊkəl skul həz bɪn aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ɛz ɪn nid əv ˌɪmˈpruvmənt.

oklahoma city (reuters) — the oklahoma house passed a bill on tuesday supporters said was designed to increase the number of low-income students who can attend private schools by creating a state tax credit for gifts made to scholarship groups. the lawmakers passed the bill, which already cleared the state senate, by a vote of 64-33. because the house version was slightly different, however, the bill now heads back to the senate. if, as expected, that chamber passes the revised version, it will head to the desk of governor mary fallin. proponents of the so-called “oklahoma equal opportunity education scholarship act” touted the measure as a way for some poor students to escape their substandard public schools by increasing the money available to help pay for private-school tuitions. opponents said the bill would hurt funding for the cash-strapped public school system and won’t provide enough scholarship money for truly poor students to pay the full tuition at private schools. under the bill, individuals, married couples and businesses will receive a 50 percent tax credit for contributions to organizations that give scholarships to private schools or organizations that make educational grants to public schools in rural areas. individuals are limited to $1,000 gifts, married couples $2,000 and businesses $100,000. total contributions are capped at $5 million per year. because contributions don’t go directly to private schools but to organizations recognized by the internal revenue service as charities, republican representative lee denney of cushing, the bill’s co-author, said the measure is not a voucher program. she received some support from democrats, including representative rebecca hamilton of oklahoma city, who said the state’s inner-city schools are “dangerous and dehumanizing.” “the number one thing lacking in my district among my students is hope,” she said. “i can’t turn my back on those it will help.” democratic minority leader scott inman, however, said the bill will do little to help poor students. “what this bill says is, `we give up.’ it cherry picks a few kids and says to the rest, `good luck.’” with some private schools charging as much as $10,000 to $15,000 annually, inman said truly poor students won’t be able to muster enough money to make up the difference between the scholarships, capped at $5,000, and full tuition. inman also charged the bill has no high-end income limit for wealthy families whose children already attend private schools and who live in inner-city neighborhoods where the local public school has landed on the state’s “needs improvement” list. students eligible for the scholarships must either come from families who make no more than 300 percent of the income level that qualifies for free or reduced lunch programs or who live in areas where the local school has been identified as in need of improvement.

ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈgəvərnmənt ɪgˈzæʤərˌeɪtɪŋ ˈtɛrərɪst θrɛt, seɪ ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈgəvərnmənts əˈsɛsmənt əv ðə θrɛt əv ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm ɪn ðə ɪz ˈoʊvərˌsteɪtɪd ənd həz ˌəndərˈmaɪnd ðə keɪs fər ˌɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ təf nu lɔz, ən ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl kəˈmɪti əv ənd pɪrz həz wɔrnd. iˈmeɪl ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈgəvərnmənts əˈsɛsmənt əv ðə θrɛt əv ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm ɪn ðə ɪz ˈoʊvərˌsteɪtɪd ənd həz ˌəndərˈmaɪnd ðə keɪs fər ˌɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ təf nu lɔz, ən ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl kəˈmɪti əv ənd pɪrz həz wɔrnd. ˈmɪnɪstərz ˌɪnˈsɪst ðət ˈbrɪtən stɪl ˈfeɪsɪz ə "ˈpəblɪk ˈimərʤənsi" eɪt jɪrz ˈæftər ðə 11 sɛpˈtɛmbər əˈtæks ɔn əˈmɛrɪkə ənd həz juzd ɪt tɪ ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ə swɑð əv ˌkɑntrəˈvərʃəl ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈhoʊldɪŋ ˈtɛrər ˈsəˌspɛkts wɪˈθaʊt traɪəl. bət ˈmɛmbərz əv ˈpɑrləmɛnts ʤɔɪnt kəˈmɪti ɔn ˈjumən raɪts sɛd ðət səʧ ə haɪ ˈlɛvəl əv θrɛt wɑz nɑt ˈkrɛdəbəl bɪˈkəz ɪt hæd bɪn kənˈtɪnjuəsli meɪnˈteɪnd fər səʧ ə lɔŋ ˈpɪriəd əv taɪm. ˈændru ˈdɪsmɔr mp*, ʧɛr əv ðə kəˈmɪti, sɛd: "ðɛr ɪz noʊ kˈwɛʃən ðət wi feɪs ə ˈsɪriəs θrɛt frəm ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm, ər ðət wi nid ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən tɪ ˈkaʊntər ðət θrɛt. ðə kˈwɛʃən ɪz, ər ðə ˈmɛʒərz wi hæv ɪn pleɪs ˈʤəstəˌfaɪəbəl, ɔn ən ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈbeɪsɪs, ɪn laɪt əv ðə moʊst əp tɪ deɪt ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən wi hæv." ðə kəˈmɪtiz rɪˈpɔrt, ˈpəblɪʃt ˈjɛstərˌdeɪ, kɔld fər ə ˌrivˈju əv ɔl ˈtɛrər ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən pæst sɪns 11 sɛpˈtɛmbər ənd æst ˈwɛðər ɪt wɑz ˌriəˈlɪstɪk tɪ seɪ ðə steɪt əv ˈimərʤənsi wɪʧ ɪgˈzɪstəd æt ðə taɪm stɪl rɪˈmeɪnd naʊ. ˈmɪstər ˈdɪsmɔr sɛd: "ðə aɪˈdiə ðət wi hæv kənˈsɪstəntli feɪst ən ˈimərʤənsi ˈlɛvəl θrɛt fər ˈoʊvər eɪt jɪrz sɪns sɛpˈtɛmbər 11 ɪz, wi bɪˈliv, kˈwɛsʧənəbəl. wət ɪz ˈnidɪd naʊ ɪz nɑt kənˌsɑləˈdeɪʃən, bət ə thoroughgoing*, ˌrivˈju əv ðə nəˈsɛsɪti fər ənd prəˌpɔrʃəˈnælɪti əv ɔl ðə ˌlɛʤəsˈleɪʃən pæst sɪns ðət deɪ. ðɪs ʃʊd bi ən ˈərʤənt praɪˈɔrəti fər ðə nɛkst ˈpɑrləmɛnt." ðə kəˈmɪti ˈɔlsoʊ ðə hɛd əv ˈʤɑnəθən ˈɛvənz, fər hɪz ˈfeɪljər tɪ əˈpɪr ˌbiˈfɔr ðə kəˈmɪti. "ɪt ɪz ˌənækˈsɛptəbəl ðət ðə dɪˈrɛktər ˈʤɛnərəl əv ðə sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈsərvɪs rɪfˈjuzɪz tɪ əˈpɪr ˌbiˈfɔr ɪt tɪ gɪv ˈpəblɪk ˈɛvədəns dɪˈspaɪt ˈgɪvɪŋ ˈpəblɪk ˈlɛkʧərz ənd ˈmidiə ˈɪntərvˌjuz ðət wʊd əˈlaʊ ðə kəˈmɪti tɪ meɪk ˈʤəʤmənts əˈbaʊt ðə nəˈsɛsɪti ənd prəˌpɔrʃəˈnælɪti əv ˈmɛʒərz," ðə rɪˈpɔrt sɛd. ðə kəˈmɪti ˈɔlsoʊ ðə ˈgəvərnmənts ˈnɛroʊ ˌdɛfəˈnɪʃən əv kəmˈplɪsɪti ɪn ˈtɔrʧər ɛz "sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt ənd ˈwəriɪŋ". ɪt sɛd ðət ɪn laɪt əv ˈditeɪlz ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ðə keɪs əv moʊˈhæmɪd, ðə keɪs fər ən ˈərʤənt ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˌɪnkˈwaɪˌri ˈɪntu ðə ˌæləˈgeɪʃənz əv kəmˈplɪsɪti ɪn ˈtɔrʧər wɑz naʊ "ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbəl". ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈbɛlˌfæst ˈtɛləˌgræf

british government exaggerating terrorist threat, say mps belfasttelegraph.co.uk the british government's assessment of the threat of terrorism in the uk is overstated and has undermined the case for imposing tough new anti-terror laws, an influential committee of mps and peers has warned. https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/politics/british-government-exaggerating-terrorist-threat-say-mps-28525869.html https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/migration_catalog/article25683501.ece/3f06d/autocrop/h342/uk%20news%204-1.jpg email the british government's assessment of the threat of terrorism in the uk is overstated and has undermined the case for imposing tough new anti-terror laws, an influential committee of mps and peers has warned. ministers insist that britain still faces a "public emergency" eight years after the 11 september attacks on america and has used it to justify a swathe of controversial legislation, including holding terror suspects without trial. but members of parliament's joint committee on human rights said that such a high level of threat was not credible because it had been continuously maintained for such a long period of time. andrew dismore mp, chair of the committee, said: "there is no question that we face a serious threat from terrorism, or that we need legislation to counter that threat. the question is, are the counter-terror measures we have in place justifiable, on an ongoing basis, in light of the most up to date information we have." the committee's report, published yesterday, called for a review of all terror legislation passed since 11 september and asked whether it was realistic to say the state of emergency which existed at the time still remained now. mr dismore said: "the idea that we have consistently faced an emergency level threat for over eight years since september 11 is, we believe, questionable. what is needed now is not consolidation, but a thoroughgoing, evidence-based review of the necessity for and proportionality of all the counter-terrorism legislation passed since that day. this should be an urgent priority for the next parliament." the committee also criticised the head of mi5, jonathan evans, for his failure to appear before the committee. "it is unacceptable that the director general of the security service refuses to appear before it to give public evidence – despite giving public lectures and media interviews – that would allow the committee to make judgements about the necessity and proportionality of counter-terrorism measures," the report said. the committee also criticised the government's narrow definition of complicity in torture as "significant and worrying". it said that in light of details published in the case of binyam mohammed, the case for an urgent independent inquiry into the allegations of complicity in torture was now "irresistible". independent belfast telegraph

ˈproʊˌtɛsts ˈoʊvər dɪˈvɛləpmənt əv ðə dəˈkoʊtə ˈækˌsɛs ˈpaɪˌplaɪn (dapl*) ɪn nɔrθ dəˈkoʊtə lɛd tɪ mɔr ðən 125 ərˈɛsts ənd ə ˈhaɪˌweɪ ˌblɑˈkeɪd ˈoʊvər ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd, ɛz ˈpaɪˌplaɪn əˈpoʊnənts kleɪmd territory”*” ɪn ðə dɪˈrɛkt pæθ əv kənˈstrəkʃən. ˈminˌwaɪl, ˈloʊkəl lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt faɪərd ɔn tu ənˈmænd ˈmidiə droʊnz, ˈkleɪmɪŋ ðət "ˈproʊˌtɛstərz əˈtækt ə ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptər wɪθ ə droʊn," ənd ðət ðə ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptər ˈpaɪlət ənd ˈpæsənʤərz wər "ɪn fɪr əv ðɛr lɪvz." ðə ˈwiˌkɪnd dɪˈvɛləpmənts mɑrkt ə dɪˈstɪŋkt ˈhaɪtənɪŋ əv ˈtɛnʧənz bɪtˈwin ˈwɔtər prəˈtɛktərz ənd lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt. ˈroʊdˌblɑks wɛnt əp ɔn steɪt ˈhaɪˌweɪ 1806 ɔn ˈsənˌdi, ɛz ˈwɔtər prəˈtɛktərz dɪˈklɛrd ˈɛmənənt doʊˈmeɪn ənd sɛt əp ə nu ˈwɪntər kæmp ɔn ˈpraɪvət lænd noʊn ɛz ˈkænənˌbɔl rænʧ. ðə ˈprɑpərti wɑz ˈrisəntli ˈpərʧəst baɪ dəˈkoʊtə ˈækˌsɛs ˈpaɪˌplaɪn ˈkəmpəˌni, ə səbˈsɪdiˌɛri əv ˈɛnərʤi ˈtrænsfər ˈpɑrtnərz, dɪˈvɛləpər əv ðə ˈpaɪˌplaɪn. ðə (ˈsɛvən ˈkaʊnsəl faɪərz) kæmp koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪtər sɛd nu ˈfrənˌtlaɪn kæmp ʤɪst ist əv steɪt ˈhaɪˌweɪ 1806 ənd maɪəlz nɔrθ əv ðə ˈkænənˌbɔl ˈrɪvər, əˈlɔŋ ðə prəˈpoʊzd pæθ əv ðə ˈpaɪˌplaɪn ɪz pɑrt əv ən ˌɑkjəˈpeɪʃən ðət ɪz plænd tɪ pərˈsɪst "ənˈtɪl ðə ˈpaɪˌplaɪn ɪz ˈpərmɑˌnɛnˌtli stɑpt." ðə vju ˈdraɪvɪŋ pæst kæmp ðɪs ˈmɔrnɪŋ ˈjunɪˌkɔrn raɪət (@ur_ninja*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 24 2016 nu ˈwɪntər kæmp, nɔrθ əv meɪn kæmp ɔn ˈhaɪˌweɪ 1806 həz groʊn kənˈsɪdərəbli. ˈsɛmi trək əv 500 paʊnd lɔgz biɪŋ ənˈloʊdɪd. ˈjunɪˌkɔrn raɪət (@ur_ninja*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 23 2016 "təˈdeɪ, ðə həz ɛˈnæktəd ˈɛmənənt doʊˈmeɪn ɔn lændz, ˈkleɪmɪŋ 1851 ˈtriti raɪts. ðɪs ɪz lænd," sɛd ˈsənˌdi ɪn ə nuz riˈlis, ˈædɪŋ, "wi nid ˈbɑdiz ənd wi nid ˈpipəl hu ər treɪnd ɪn nɑnˈvaɪələnt dɪˈrɛkt ˈækʃən. wi ər stɪl steɪɪŋ nɑnˈvaɪələnt ənd wi ər stɪl steɪɪŋ ˈpisfəl." pəˈlis əraɪv æt ˌblɑˈkeɪdɪd 1806 ɛz ˈwɔtər prəˈtɛktərz hoʊld 1851 ˈtriti graʊnd tɪ dɪˈfɛnd ðə ˈjunɪˌkɔrn raɪət (@ur_ninja*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 23 2016 θri ˌblɑˈkeɪdz ɪn ɔl wər ɪˈstæblɪʃt ɔn ˈsənˌdi "tɪ ɪnˈʃʊr ðə prəˈtɛkʃən əv ðɪs nu kæmp frəm oʊˈvərtli ˈmɪlətərˌaɪzd lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt," ðə riˈlis sɪz. ðə ˈhaɪˌweɪ 1806 ˌblɑˈkeɪd wɑz ˈlɪftɪd əraʊnd cdt*, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ vɪdiˈɔgrəfər ˈjunɪˌkɔrn raɪət. "wi hæv ˈnɛvər ˈsidɪd ðɪs lænd," sɛd ʤɔɪ brɔn, ˈɔrgəˌnaɪzər wɪθ ðə ˌɪnˈdɪʤənəs ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛnəl ˈnɛtˌwərk. "ɪf kən goʊ θru ənd kleɪm ˈɛmənənt doʊˈmeɪn ɔn ˈlænˌdoʊnərz ənd ˈneɪtɪv ˈpipəlz ɔn ðɛr oʊn lænd, ðɛn wi ɛz ˈsɑvrən ˈneɪʃənz kən ðɛn dɪˈklɛr ˈɛmənənt doʊˈmeɪn ɔn ɑr oʊn ˌæbərˈɪʤənəl ˈhoʊmˌlænd. wi ər hir tɪ prəˈtɛkt ðə ˈbɛriəl saɪts hir. ˈhaɪˌweɪ 1806 həz bɪˈkəm ðə noʊ sərˈɛndər laɪn." ˈmɔrtən ˈkaʊnti ˈʃɛrɪf kaɪl kɔld ɪnˈkæmpmɪnt "ˌɪnˈtɛnʃənəl, plænd, koʊˈɔrdəneɪtɪd ənd ˈaʊˈtraɪt ənˈlɔfəl." "ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz ˈtrɛˌspæsɪŋ ɔn ˈpraɪvət ˈprɑpərti kænt kleɪm ˈɛmənənt doʊˈmeɪn tɪ ˈʤəstəˌfaɪ ðɛr ˈkrɪmənəl ˈækʃənz," hi sɛd ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt. ðə ˈbɪlən, dəˈkoʊtə ˈækˌsɛs ˈpaɪˌplaɪn həz bɪn ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt əv ˈhitɪd ˈproʊˌtɛsts fər mənθs. ðə ˈproʊˌtɛsts hæv bɪn lɛd baɪ ðə ˈstændɪŋ rɑk su traɪb, wɪʧ həz əˈlɛʤd ðə ˈprɑʤɛkt wʊd dɪˈstrɔɪ ˈsɛvərəl ˈkəlʧərəl saɪts ənd ˈbɛriəl graʊnz, ənd kleɪmd ɪt wʊd teɪnt ðɛr ˈwɔtər səˈplaɪ. ɪz plænd tɪ kəm wɪˈθɪn ə hæf maɪl əv ðə ˈstændɪŋ rɑk su ˌrɛzərˈveɪʃən. rɛd mɔr ɪf kəmˈplitɪd, ðə ˈpaɪˌplaɪn wʊd ˈtrævəl əˈkrɔs fɔr steɪts ənd ɪz ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ ˈkɛri ˈnɪrli ˈbɛrəlz əv krud ɔɪl ˈdeɪli frəm ðə ˈbækən ɔɪl fildz ɪn nɔrθ dəˈkoʊtə. ðə ˈpaɪˌplaɪn wʊd ˈtrævəl θru nɔrθ ənd saʊθ dəˈkoʊtə, ˈəndər ðə məˈzʊri ˈrɪvər, θru ˈaɪəwə tɪ ən ɪgˈzɪstɪŋ ˈpaɪˌplaɪn ɪn ˌɪləˈnɔɪz. ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ, 127 ˈpipəl ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈʤərnəlɪsts wər ərˈɛstɪd ˈdʊrɪŋ ə "prɛr wɔk nɪr ˈeɪnʧənt ˈbɛriəl saɪts ənd kloʊz tɪ tɪ ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈmidiə kəˈlɛktɪv ˈjunɪˌkɔrn raɪət, ˈmɛmbərz əv wɪʧ hæv bɪn ərˈɛstɪd ɪn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs əv ˈdɑkjəmənɪŋ ðə ˈɔnˌgoʊɪŋ ˈproʊˌtɛsts. lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt juzd əˈbjusɪv ˈtæktɪks, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ðə spreɪɪŋ əv meɪs, tɪ ərˈɛst ˈproʊˌtɛstərz ɔn səˈspɪʃən əv ˈkrɪmənəl ˈtrɛˌspæsɪŋ ɔn ˈpraɪvət ˈprɑpərti, ˈjunɪˌkɔrn raɪət sɛd. ðə ˈmɔrtən ˈkaʊnti ˈʃɛrɪfs dɪˈpɑrtmənt kɔld ðə sin "ə raɪət." ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ˈklɪrli ˈɪləˌstreɪts wət wi hæv bɪn seɪɪŋ fər wiks, ðət ðɪs ˈproʊˌtɛst ɪz nɑt ˈpisfəl ər ˈʃɛrɪf kaɪl. "ɪt wɑz ˈɑbviəs tɪ ɑr ˈɔfɪsərz hu rɪˈspɑndɪd ðət ðə ˈproʊˌtɛstərz ɪnˈgeɪʤd ɪn ˈɛskəˌleɪtɪd ənˈlɔfəl ˈtæktɪks ənd bɪˈheɪvjər ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ɪˈvɛnt. ðɪs ˈproʊˌtɛst wɑz ˌɪnˈtɛnʃənəli koʊˈɔrdəneɪtɪd ənd plænd baɪ ˈæʤɪˌteɪtərz wɪθ ðə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˌɪnˈtɛnt tɪ ɪnˈgeɪʤ ɪn ˌɪˈligəl ækˈtɪvɪtiz." ðə ˈstændɪŋ rɑk su hæv kɔld ɔn ðə ˈjuˈɛs dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈʤəstɪs (doj*) tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs ˈɛskəˌleɪtɪŋ ˈtɛnʧənz æt ðə ˈproʊˌtɛst saɪts, traɪb ˈʧɛrmən deɪv ˈɑrʃəmboʊ sɛd ˈsənˌdi. "ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈwɔtər prəˈtɛktərz hæv ʤɔɪnd ðə traɪb ɪn ˌsɑləˈdɛrəti əˈgɛnst, wɪˈθaʊt ˈɪnsədənt ər ˈsɪriəs ˈɪnʤəri," hi sɛd ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt. "jɛt, nɔrθ dəˈkoʊtə lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt hæv prəˈsidəd wɪθ ə ˌdɪsprəˈpɔrʃənɪt rɪˈspɑns tɪ ðɛr nɑnˈvaɪələnt ˈɛksərˌsaɪz əv ðɛr fərst əˈmɛndmənt raɪts, ˈivɪn goʊɪŋ ɛz fɑr ɛz ˈleɪbəlɪŋ ðɛm ˈraɪətərz ənd ˈkɔlɪŋ ðɛr ˈɛvəri ˈækʃən ˌɪˈligəl." ˈɑrʃəmboʊ toʊld ˈɛnˌbiˈsi nuz ðət ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈʤəstɪs "ʃʊd bi ˌɛnˈlɪstɪd ənd ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪt ðə ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ rɪˈpɔrts ənd ˈvɪdioʊz ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtɪŋ klɪr ˈtæktɪks, əˈbjuzɪz ənd ənˈlɔfəl ərˈɛsts baɪ lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt." ˈərli ˈsənˌdi, lɔ ɛnˈfɔrsmənt ʃɑt prɑˈʤɛktəlz æt ənˈmænd ˈɛrˌkræft ðət wər rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ ˈproʊˌtɛst ɪˈvɛnts frəm əˈbəv ɪn vaɪəˈleɪʃən əv ˈjuˈɛs ˈfɛdərəl ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən rulz, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈmɔrtən ˈkaʊnti ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈɔfəs. ðə ʃɑts wər faɪərd bɪˈkəz ðə droʊnz flu æt ə sərˈveɪləns ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptər "ɪn ə θˈrɛtənɪŋ ˈmænər," ðə ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈɔfəs sɛd, ˈædɪŋ ðət ə ˈdɛpjəti əˈbɔrd ðə ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptər ˌriˈpɔrtəd ðət ðə ˈpaɪlət ənd ˈpæsənʤərz wər "ɪn fɪr əv ðɛr lɪvz." pəˈlis hæv ədˈmɪtəd ðət ðeɪ ʃɑt daʊn ˈmidiə droʊnz seɪɪŋ, ðeɪ wər "ɪn fɪr fər ðɛr lɪvz." ðeɪ ər ɑrmd tɪ ðə tiθ! ruθ ˈhɑpkɪnz (@ruthhhopkins*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 23 2016 "ðə droʊnz biɪŋ ˈɑpərˌeɪtəd nɪr ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈproʊˌtɛsts ənd ðə kæmps saʊθ əv ˈʤɛnərəli ər nɑt biɪŋ ˈɑpərˌeɪtəd wɪˈθɪn ðə ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz," ˈʃɛrɪf sɛd. "rɪˈpɔrts əv droʊnz nɑt biɪŋ ˈɑpərˌeɪtəd wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈgaɪˌdlaɪnz ər ɪn ə ˈrɛkləs ənd ənˈseɪf ˈmænər ər biɪŋ ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪd ənd ˈfɔrwərdɪd tɪ ðə ˈmɔrtən ˈkaʊnti steɪts ˈɔfəs." raɪət pəˈlis ˈkətɪŋ θru ə fɛns tɪ gɪt tɪ ðə ˈpisfəl ˈwɔtər prəˈtɛktərz, ðə ˈoʊnli wən ˈtrɛˌspæsɪŋ ɪz ðə pəˈlis! kinz✊🏾*✊🏾 (@iamlakotak*) ɑkˈtoʊbər 24 2016 ðə ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈɔfəs ˈɔlsoʊ kənˈdɛmd ðə ˈsənˌdi ˌblɑˈkeɪd, wɪʧ ˈtrɪgərd ə ˈkloʊʒər əv ðə ˈhaɪˌweɪ. ɪn ə ˈfeɪsˌbʊk ˈmɛsɪʤ tɪ "ˈproʊˌtɛstərz hu ˌɪˈligəli blɑkt 1806 ðə ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈɔfəs sɛd, "ɪf ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈhæpənz, ju wɪl bi ˈlaɪəbəl. ˈwərid əˈbaʊt ðə ˈpipəl ɪn ˈstændɪŋ rɑk ˈnidɪŋ ˈimərʤənsi ˈsərvɪsɪz." ə ˈtoʊtəl əv 269 ərˈɛsts rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə kənˈstrəkʃən hæv əˈkərd sɪns ˈɔgəst 10 əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈʃɛrɪfs ˈɔfəs.

protests over development of the dakota access pipeline (dapl) in north dakota led to more than 125 arrests and a highway blockade over the weekend, as pipeline opponents claimed “unceded territory” in the direct path of construction. meanwhile, local law enforcement fired on two unmanned media drones, claiming that "protesters attacked a helicopter with a drone," and that the helicopter pilot and passengers were "in fear of their lives." the weekend developments marked a distinct heightening of tensions between self-proclaimed water protectors and law enforcement. roadblocks went up on state highway 1806 on sunday, as water protectors declared eminent domain and set up a new winter camp on private land known as cannonball ranch. the property was recently purchased by dakota access pipeline company, a subsidiary of energy transfer partners, developer of the pipeline. the oceti sakowin (seven council fires) camp coordinator mekasi camp-horinek said oceti sakowin's new frontline camp just east of state highway 1806 and 2.5 miles north of the cannonball river, along the proposed path of the pipeline is part of an occupation that is planned to persist "until the pipeline is permanently stopped." the view driving past oceti sakowin camp this morning #nodaplpic.twitter.com/lxntrj2oll unicorn riot (@ur_ninja) october 24, 2016 new #nodapl winter camp, north of main camp on highway 1806, has grown considerably. semi truck of 500 lb logs being unloaded. pic.twitter.com/k6h3vyepdm unicorn riot (@ur_ninja) october 23, 2016 "today, the oceti sakowin has enacted eminent domain on dapl lands, claiming 1851 treaty rights. this is unceded land," camp-horinek said sunday in a news release, adding, "we need bodies and we need people who are trained in non-violent direct action. we are still staying non-violent and we are still staying peaceful." police arrive at blockaded hwy 1806 as water protectors hold 1851 treaty ground to defend the #missouri#nodaplpic.twitter.com/nfdkew7brj unicorn riot (@ur_ninja) october 23, 2016 three blockades in all were established on sunday "to ensure the protection of this new camp from overtly militarized law enforcement," the release says. the highway 1806 blockade was lifted around 5:00pm cdt, according to videographer unicorn riot. "we have never ceded this land," said joye braun, organizer with the indigenous environmental network. "if dapl can go through and claim eminent domain on landowners and native peoples on their own land, then we as sovereign nations can then declare eminent domain on our own aboriginal homeland. we are here to protect the burial sites here. highway 1806 has become the no surrender line." morton county sheriff kyle kirchmeier called encampment "intentional, planned, coordinated and outright unlawful." "individuals trespassing on private property can't claim eminent domain to justify their criminal actions," he said in a statement. the $3.78 billon, 1,172-mile dakota access pipeline has been the subject of heated protests for months. the protests have been led by the standing rock sioux tribe, which has alleged the project would destroy several cultural sites and burial grounds, and claimed it would taint their water supply. dapl is planned to come within a half mile of the standing rock sioux reservation. read more if completed, the pipeline would travel across four states and is expected to carry nearly half-million barrels of crude oil daily from the bakken oil fields in north dakota. the pipeline would travel through north and south dakota, under the missouri river, through iowa to an existing pipeline in illinois. on saturday, 127 people including journalists were arrested during a "prayer walk near ancient burial sites and close to dapl construction,"according to independent media collective unicorn riot, members of which have been arrested in the process of documenting the ongoing dapl protests. law enforcement used abusive tactics, including the spraying of mace, to arrest protesters on suspicion of criminal trespassing on private property, unicorn riot said. the morton county sheriff's department called the scene "a riot." "today’s situation clearly illustrates what we have been saying for weeks, that this protest is not peaceful or lawful,"said sheriff kyle kirchmeier. "it was obvious to our officers who responded that the protesters engaged in escalated unlawful tactics and behavior during this event. this protest was intentionally coordinated and planned by agitators with the specific intent to engage in illegal activities." the standing rock sioux have called on the us department of justice (doj) to address escalating tensions at the protest sites, tribe chairman dave archambault ii said sunday. "thousands of water protectors have joined the tribe in solidarity against dapl, without incident or serious injury," he said in a statement. "yet, north dakota law enforcement have proceeded with a disproportionate response to their nonviolent exercise of their first amendment rights, even going as far as labeling them rioters and calling their every action illegal." archambault told nbc news that the department of justice "should be enlisted and expected to investigate the overwhelming reports and videos demonstrating clear strong-arm tactics, abuses and unlawful arrests by law enforcement." early sunday, law enforcement shot projectiles at unmanned aircraft that were recording protest events from above in violation of us federal aviation administration rules, according to the morton county sheriff's office. the shots were fired because the drones flew at a surveillance helicopter "in a threatening manner," the sheriff's office said, adding that a deputy aboard the helicopter reported that the pilot and passengers were "in fear of their lives." police have admitted that they shot down media drones saying, they were "in fear for their lives." wth they are armed to the teeth! #nodapl ruth hopkins (@ruthhhopkins) october 23, 2016 "the drones being operated near the local protests and the camps south of mandan generally are not being operated within the regulations," sheriff kirchmeier said. "reports of drones not being operated within the faa guidelines or in a reckless and unsafe manner are being investigated and forwarded to the morton county states attorney’s office." riot police cutting through a fence to get to the peaceful water protectors, the only one trespassing is the police! pic.twitter.com/art7uzfsaf #nodapl - kinz✊🏾 (@iamlakotak) october 24, 2016 the sheriff's office also condemned the sunday blockade, which triggered a closure of the highway. in a facebook message to "protesters who illegally blocked 1806," the sheriff's office said, "if something happens, you will be liable. i’m worried about the people in standing rock needing emergency services." a total of 269 arrests related to the dapl construction have occurred since august 10, according to the sheriff's office.

ðə ˈkɑnˌtræktər hæd plænd tɪ sɛnd leɪɔf ˈnoʊtɪsɪz tɪ ɪmˈplɔɪiz, wɪʧ ɪt kleɪmd wər rikˈwaɪərd ˈəndər ə lɔ noʊn ɛz ðə wɔrn ækt. ɪt bækt ɔf wɪn ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt geɪv nu ˈgaɪdəns. ðə ˈɔfəs əv ˈmænɪʤmənt ənd ˈbəʤɪt roʊt ɪn ə ˈmɛˌmoʊ ðət ˈkɑnˌtræktərz' ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti ənd ˌlɪtəˈgeɪʃən kɔsts rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ wɔrn wʊd bi "əˈlaʊəbəl kɔsts" ˈkəvərd baɪ ðə ˈkɑntræktɪŋ ˈeɪʤənsi. ˈlɑˌkhid ˈmɑrtɪn ðə ˈkɑnˌtræktər hæd plænd tɪ sɛnd leɪɔf ˈnoʊtɪsɪz tɪ ɪmˈplɔɪiz, wɪʧ ɪt kleɪmd wər rikˈwaɪərd ˈəndər ə lɔ noʊn ɛz ðə wɔrn ækt. ɪt bækt ɔf wɪn ðə ˈfɛdərəl ˈgəvərnmənt geɪv nu ˈgaɪdəns. ðə ˈɔfəs əv ˈmænɪʤmənt ənd ˈbəʤɪt roʊt ɪn ə ˈmɛˌmoʊ ðət ˈkɑnˌtræktərz' ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪti ənd ˌlɪtəˈgeɪʃən kɔsts rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ wɔrn wʊd bi "əˈlaʊəbəl kɔsts" ˈkəvərd baɪ ðə ˈkɑntræktɪŋ ˈeɪʤənsi. ˈtæmi ɪf ə ˈsɪriz əv ˌɔtəˈmætɪk ˈfɛdərəl ˈbəʤɪts kəts wər tɪ goʊ ˈɪntu ˈifɛkt θru ə ˈprɔˌsɛs noʊn ɛz ˌsɛkwəˈstreɪʃən, ɪt wʊd ˈdræstɪkli ˈɔltər ðə ˈbɪznɪs ˈlænˌskeɪp fər ˈmɛni əv ðə ˈprɑmənənt dɪˈfɛns ˈkɑnˌtræktərz. ə ˈpraɪmər ɔn wət ðə ˈkəmpəˌniz hæv sɛd ənd dən soʊ fɑr wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˌsɛkwəˈstreɪʃən. ə ˈpraɪmər ɔn wət ðə ˈkəmpəˌniz hæv sɛd ənd dən soʊ fɑr wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˌsɛkwəˈstreɪʃən. ə ˈpraɪmər ɔn wət ðə ˈkəmpəˌniz hæv sɛd ənd dən soʊ fɑr wɪn ɪt kəmz tɪ ˌsɛkwəˈstreɪʃən. ɪt wɑz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ bi ðə ˈbəʤɪt kət soʊ ˈpeɪnfəl, soʊ ˌɪndɪˈskrɪmənət, soʊ ˈdaʊnˌraɪt ˈmaɪndləs ðət ˈivɪn ə ˈgrɪˌdlɑkt ˈkɑŋgrəs əˈlaʊ ɪt tɪ ˈhæpən. naʊ, ɪt lʊks laɪk goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈhæpən. ˈsɛnɪt məˈʤɔrəti ˈlidər ˈhɛri ɛm. rid (d-nev*.) ənd ˈsɛnɪt məˈnɔrəti ˈlidər mɪʧ məˈkɑnəl (r-ky*.) spɛnt ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ə dil tɪ spɛr ðə væst məˈʤɔrəti əv əˈmɛrɪkənz ə drəˈmætɪk tæks ˌɪnˈkris ɔn ʤæn. 1 bət ˈivɪn ɪf ðeɪ riʧ ə əˈgrimənt, eɪdz ɪn boʊθ ˈpɑrtiz hæv sɛd ɪt wʊd bi ənˈlaɪkli tɪ ˈæˌdrɛs ðə ˈəðər pɑrt əv ðə cliff,”*,” ən ˌɔtəˈmætɪk 110 ˈbɪljən rɪˈdəkʃən ɪn ˈgəvərnmənt ˈspɛndɪŋ, splɪt ˈivənli bɪtˈwin ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ənd dəˈmɛstɪk ˈproʊˌgræmz, ðət ɪz ˈskɛʤʊld tɪ teɪk ˈifɛkt ðə nɛkst deɪ. eɪdz sɛd ðə tu saɪdz hoʊp tɪ sɪˈkjʊr ə lɑrʤ ˈpækɪʤ ɪn ðə leɪt ˈwɪntər ˈdʊrɪŋ ən ɪkˈspɛktɪd ˈʃoʊˌdaʊn ˈoʊvər ˈlɪftɪŋ ðə ˈfɛdərəl dɛt ˈsilɪŋ ənd dil wɪθ ˌsɛkwəˈstreɪʃən, ɛz ðə ˌɔtəˈmætɪk kət ɪz kɔld ɪn congress-speak*. bət ðət ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti wʊd stɪl rɪˈzəlt ɪn ə pəˈtɛnʃəli ˈhɛroʊɪŋ fju mənθs fər ˈeɪʤənsi ˈbəʤɪts. vju ˈgræfɪk wət goʊɪŋ ˈoʊvər ðə 'ˈfɪskəl klɪf' wʊd min ɪn ðə ˈminˌtaɪm, ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ˈriʤən, hoʊm tɪ ˈhənərdz əv ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈfɛdərəl ˈwərkərz ənd ən ɪˈkɑnəmi ðət wɑz ˈkʊʃənd frəm ðə wərst əv ðə 2007 ˌriˈsɛʃən baɪ ˈfɛdərəl ˈspɛndɪŋ, wɑz ˈbreɪsɪŋ ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ fər ən ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk pənʧ frəm ðə ˈfeɪljər tɪ dil naʊ wɪθ ˌsɛkwəˈstreɪʃən. ˈfɛdərəl ˈeɪʤənsiz hæv ˌɪnˈfɔrmd ðɛr ɪmˈplɔɪiz ðət ðeɪ ˈprɑbəˌbli fil ðə ˌɪmˈpækt ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli, bət ðə ˌriˈæləˌti ðət ˈwaɪdˈsprɛd ˈfərloʊz ər ˈpɑsəbəl ɪz ˈsɛtɪŋ ɪn fər ə ˈdipli ˈæŋʃəs ˈfɛdərəl ˈwərkˌfɔrs. ““undoubtedly*, wi wɪl teɪk ə hit,”*,” sɛd rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. ˈʤɛrəld i. ˈkɔnəli (di), huz ˈnɔrðərn vərˈʤɪnjə ˈdɪstrɪkt ɪz ˌɪnˈhæbətəd baɪ ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈgəvərnmənt ɪmˈplɔɪiz ənd ˈkɑnˌtræktərz. goʊɪŋ tɪ rɪˈzəlt ɪn ə ˈstɛdi riˈtrɛnʧmənt ɪn ˈgəvərnmənt ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt ɪn boʊθ ðə səˈvɪljən ənd dɪˈfɛns ˈsɛktərz. goʊɪŋ tɪ əˈfɛkt ɪmˈplɔɪmənt ənd ðə roʊˈbəstnəs əv ɑr ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk groʊθ ɪn ðɪs region.”*.” ˈfɪskəl klɪf tɔks rɪˈmeɪnd ɪn fləks ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ, ənd ðə ˈditeɪlz əv ə ˈfaɪnəl dil, ɪf ðɛr ɪz wən, rɪˈmeɪn ənˈklɪr. bət æt ə waɪt haʊs ˈmitɪŋ əv ˈprɛzɪdənt ˌoʊˈbɑmə ənd kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈlidərz ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, haʊs ˈspikər ʤɑn ə. ˈboʊnər (r-ohio*) sɛd hi kʊd nɑt əˈgri tɪ dɪˈleɪ ər kɔl ɔf ðə ˌɔtəˈmætɪk kəts ənˈlɛs ˈkɑŋgrəs əˈgrid tɪ ɪˈnækt ən ɔlˈtərnətɪv ˈpækɪʤ əv rɪˈdəkʃənz əv ˈmæʧɪŋ saɪz. ðət wʊd sim ə tɔl ˈɔrdər ˈgɪvɪn ðət ˈspɛndɪŋ kəts hæv bɪn æt ðə hɑrt əv ðə ˈpɑrtəzən dɪˈvaɪd ˈoʊvər ðə pæst tu jɪrz. ə haʊs rɪˈpəblɪkən sɛd ˈæftər ðə ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ˈmitɪŋ ðət wɑz klɪr ðət ðə sɪkˈwɛstər ɪz nɑt ˈlaɪkli tɪ bi əˈdrɛst ɪn ˈɛni ˌɪˈmiˌdiət agreement.”*.” ənd ˌɔlˈðoʊ ˌoʊˈbɑmə vaʊd ˈdʊrɪŋ ən ɑkˈtoʊbər dəˈbeɪt wɪθ rɪˈpəblɪkən ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˌnɑməˈni mɪt ˈrɑmni ðət ðə kəts nɑt happen,”*,” waɪt haʊs əˈfɪʃəlz wər ˈtɛlɪŋ ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈælaɪz ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ ðət ðɛr ˈfoʊkɪs fər naʊ ɪz ˈmɪrli tɪ spɛr ðə ˈmɪdəl klæs ə tæks ˌɪnˈkris. ðə dɪˈvɛləpmənt wɑz ˈkɔzɪŋ nɪr ˈpænɪk əˈməŋ ˈɪndəstri grups ənd ˈəðərz hu hæv ˈprɑdɪd ˈkɑŋgrəs tɪ ˈkænsəl ðə kəts ənd hæv lɔŋ bɪˈlivd ɪˈlɛktɪd əˈfɪʃəlz hu sɛd ðeɪ wʊd du soʊ. wʊd bi ə greɪv ˌdɛrəˈlɪkʃən əv ˈduti tɪ drop”*” ə ˌsɛkwəˈstreɪʃən fɪks frəm ə ˈfaɪnəl dil, ˈmɛriən si. ˈbleɪki, ˈprɛzɪdənt ənd ʧif ˈɛksəˌkjut əv ðə ˈɛroʊˌspeɪs ˈɪndəstriz əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən, sɛd ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ. ðə grup ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts 300 ˈɛroʊˌspeɪs ənd dɪˈfɛns ˈkəmpəˌniz. bɪˈliv ðeɪ wʊd feɪl ɑr ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ənd ɑr ɪˈkɑnəmi laɪk that.”*.” brɔd ˌɪmˈpækt ðə ˈprɑbləm wɪθ ˌsɛkwəˈstreɪʃən ɪz nɑt soʊ məʧ ðə saɪz əv ðə kəts bət ðɛr skoʊp. wɪθ ðə ɪkˈsɛpʃən əv ə fju ˈproʊˌgræmz spəˈsɪfɪkli spɛrd baɪ ˈkɑŋgrəs ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ ˈmɛdəˌkeɪd, ˈmɛdəˌkɛr ˈbɛnəfɪts ənd fud stæmps ˈɛvəri ˈgəvərnmənt əˈkaʊnt wʊd bi slaɪst baɪ ðə ˈɔlˌmoʊst seɪm əˈmaʊnt. ðə waɪt haʊs həz sɛd ðət ɔl dəˈmɛstɪk ˈproʊˌgræmz ðət wər nɑt spəˈsɪfɪkli ˈʃildɪd wʊd feɪs ən pərˈsɛnt kət nɛkst jɪr. ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈproʊˌgræmz wʊd bi kət baɪ pərˈsɛnt. ɛr ˈtræfɪk kənˈtroʊlərz, ˈkɔrˌthaʊs sɪˈkjʊrəti gɑrdz, ˈnæʃənəl ˈɪnstɪˌtuts əv hɛlθ ˈkænsər ˈrisərʧərz ɔl wʊd feɪs ðə seɪm krənʧ. du nid kəts. bət ˌsɛkwəˈstreɪʃən ɪz nɑt ðə weɪ tɪ go,”*,” sɛd rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. fræŋk ɑr. wʊlf (r-va*.). ˈlɪtərəli ə mit æks wɪˈθaʊt ˈɛni θɔt bɪˈhaɪnd it.”*.” ˈfɛdərəl ˈwərkərz ər stɪl ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ rɪˈpɔrt tɪ ðɛr ʤɑbz ɔn ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ ɛz ˈnɔrməl. bət ˈeɪʤənsiz wʊd kˈwɪkli ˈɪnstɪˌtut ˈhaɪrɪŋ ˈfrizɪz, riˈstrɪkt ˈtrævəl ənd rɪˈdus tɛkˈnɑləʤi ˈspɛndɪŋ. ənd, wɪˈθaʊt kənˈgrɛʃənəl ˈækʃən tɪ rɪˈvərs ðə kət, ˈwaɪdˈsprɛd ˈfərloʊz wʊd bi ˈpɑsəbəl ɛz ˈeɪʤənsiz ˈgræpəl wɪθ skˈwizɪŋ ðə əˈmaʊnt ðeɪ hæv tɪ spɛnd θru ðə ɛnd əv ðə ˈfɪskəl jɪr ɔn sɛpt. 30 ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ðə ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən ˈfɔrməli ˈaʊˌtlaɪnd fər ɪmˈplɔɪiz ðə nəts ənd boʊlts əv haʊ ðə ˈtɛmpərˌɛri leɪɔfs wʊd wərk. ˌpɑrˈtɪkjələrli ˌprɑbləˈmætɪk, ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪkli ənd ˈplɪtɪkli, ər ˈskɛʤʊld kəts æt ðə ˈpɛnɪˌgɑn, wɪʧ dɪˈfɛns ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri liɑn i. pəˈnɛtə həz sɛd kʊd hæv ə ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪŋ ˌɪmˈpækt ɔn ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri. rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. haʊərd pi. ““buck”*” məˈkiən (r-calif*.), ˈʧɛrmən əv ðə haʊs ɑrmd ˈsərvɪsɪz kəˈmɪti, ɔn ˈsæˌtɪˌdeɪ ˈblæstɪd ðə ˈnoʊʃən əv ˈriʧɪŋ ə dil ðət wʊd nɑt ˈkænsəl ðə ˈpɛndɪŋ ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kəts. wʊd bi ˌɪrəˈspɑnsəbəl fər ðə kəˈmændər ɪn ʧif tɪ əˈlaʊ ðə nu jɪr tɪ bɪˈgɪn wɪˈθaʊt səm kaɪnd əv sɪkˈwɛstər ˌrɛzəˈluʃən ɪn place,”*,” məˈkiən sɛd ɪn ə ˈsteɪtmənt. du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɛls wʊd ˈhɑbəl ɑr ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri wɪθ ənˈsərtənti ənd ɛmˈboʊldən ɑr ˈædvərˌsɛriz hu wʊd bi ɪnˈkərəʤd baɪ ɑr ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti tɪ ˈgəvərn bɪɔnd ðɪs crisis.”*.” sɔrd ˈoʊvər ðɛr hɛdz ˌsɛkwəˈstreɪʃən wɑz ˈɔlˌweɪz ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ bi ən ˌɪnˈsɛnɪv tɪ fɔrs ˈkɑŋgrəs ənd ðə waɪt haʊs tɪ faɪnd ə ˈbɛtər ɔlˈtərnətɪv. ɪt wɑz ɛˈnæktəd ɪn ðə ˈsəmər əv 2011 ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə faɪt, wɪn ˈlɔˌmeɪkərz əˈgrid tɪ ˌɪnˈkris ðə ˈligəl ˈbɑroʊɪŋ ˈlɪmət bət ˈɔlsoʊ tɪ kət ˈspɛndɪŋ baɪ 1 ˈtrɪljən ənd tɪ kriˈeɪt ə baɪˈpɑrtɪzən committee”*” tɪ kræft ə plæn tɪ rɪˈdus ðə dɛt baɪ ˈtrɪljən mɔr. tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˌɪnˈsɛnɪv fər ðə ˈpænəl, ˈkɑŋgrəs həŋ ðə sɔrd əv ˌsɛkwəˈstreɪʃən ˈoʊvər ɪts hɛd: ɪf ɪt dɪd nɑt kəm əp wɪθ ə plæn baɪ ðə ɛnd əv 2011 ˈgəvərnmənt ˈbəʤɪts wʊd ˈsɪmpli bi rɪˈdust ˌɔtəˈmætɪkli baɪ ˈtrɪljən ˈoʊvər 10 jɪrz. hæf ðə kəts wʊd kəm frəm ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri, ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ spər rɪˈpəblɪkənz tɪ ækt; ðə dip dəˈmɛstɪk kət wɑz səˈpoʊzd tɪ du ðə seɪm fər ˈdɛməˌkræts. ˈivɪn ˈæftər ðə ˈsupər kəˈmɪti dɪsˈbændɪd wɪˈθaʊt əˈgrimənt leɪt læst jɪr, ˈkɑŋgrəs stɪl hæd ə fʊl jɪr tɪ fɔrˈstɔl ðə fərst 110 ˈbɪljən ˈænjuəl ˌɪnˈstɔlmənt əv kəts. ɪt feɪld. ɪn meɪ, ðə haʊs pæst ə bɪl əˈlɔŋ ˈpɑrti laɪnz tɪ dil wɪθ ðə sɪkˈwɛstər, bət ɪt wʊd hæv ˈmɪrli ˈʃɪftɪd səm əv ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kəts ˈɔntu dəˈmɛstɪk ˈproʊˌgræmz, ən ˈaʊtˌkəm ˈdɛməˌkræts sɛd wɑz ˌənækˈsɛptəbəl. ɪf ˈlidərz lɛt ˌsɛkwəˈstreɪʃən teɪk ˈifɛkt nɛkst wik bət ˈprɑməs tɪ dil wɪθ ɪt ɪn ə fju mənθs, wɪn ˈkɑŋgrəs dəˈbeɪts ə nu ˌɪnˈkris, ˈkɔnəli sɛd əˈmɛrɪkənz wʊd hæv ðə raɪt tɪ bi ˈskɛptɪkəl. θɪŋk ˈsəmθɪŋ ɪz unthinkable,”*,” hi sɛd. bɪn ðə ˈlɛsən here.”*.”

the bethesda-based contractor had planned to send layoff notices to employees, which it claimed were required under a law known as the warn act. it backed off when the federal government gave new guidance. the office of management and budget wrote in a memo that contractors' liability and litigation costs related to warn would be "allowable costs" covered by the contracting agency. lockheed martin the bethesda-based contractor had planned to send layoff notices to employees, which it claimed were required under a law known as the warn act. it backed off when the federal government gave new guidance. the office of management and budget wrote in a memo that contractors' liability and litigation costs related to warn would be "allowable costs" covered by the contracting agency. tami chappell/reuters if a series of automatic federal budgets cuts were to go into effect through a process known as sequestration, it would drastically alter the business landscape for many of the region’s prominent defense contractors. here’s a primer on what the companies have said and done so far when it comes to sequestration. here’s a primer on what the companies have said and done so far when it comes to sequestration. here’s a primer on what the companies have said and done so far when it comes to sequestration. it was designed to be the budget cut so painful, so indiscriminate, so downright mindless that even a gridlocked congress wouldn’t allow it to happen. now, it looks like it’s going to happen. senate majority leader harry m. reid (d-nev.) and senate minority leader mitch mcconnell (r-ky.) spent saturday working on a last-ditch deal to spare the vast majority of americans a dramatic tax increase on jan. 1. but even if they reach a stripped-down agreement, aides in both parties have said it would be unlikely to address the other part of the “fiscal cliff,” an automatic $110 billion reduction in government spending, split evenly between military and domestic programs, that is scheduled to take effect the next day. aides said the two sides hope to secure a large spending-reduction package in the late winter — during an expected showdown over lifting the federal debt ceiling — and deal with sequestration, as the automatic cut is called in congress-speak. but that possibility would still result in a potentially harrowing few months for agency budgets. view graphic what going over the 'fiscal cliff' would mean . . . in the meantime, the washington region, home to hundreds of thousands of federal workers and an economy that was cushioned from the worst of the 2007 recession by federal spending, was bracing saturday for an economic punch from the failure to deal now with sequestration. federal agencies have informed their employees that they probably wouldn’t feel the impact immediately, but the reality that widespread furloughs are possible is setting in for a deeply anxious federal workforce. “undoubtedly, we will take a hit,” said rep. gerald e. connolly (d), whose northern virginia district is inhabited by thousands of government employees and contractors. “it’s going to result in a steady retrenchment in government investment in both the civilian and defense sectors. that’s going to affect employment and the robustness of our economic growth in this region.” fiscal cliff talks remained in flux saturday, and the details of a final deal, if there is one, remain unclear. but at a white house meeting of president obama and congressional leaders on friday, house speaker john a. boehner (r-ohio) said he could not agree to delay or call off the automatic cuts unless congress agreed to enact an alternative package of reductions of matching size. that would seem a tall order given that spending cuts have been at the heart of the partisan divide over the past two years. a house republican said after the friday meeting that “it was clear that the sequester is not likely to be addressed in any immediate agreement.” and although obama vowed during an october debate with republican presidential nominee mitt romney that the cuts “would not happen,” white house officials were telling liberal allies on friday that their focus for now is merely to spare the middle class a tax increase. the development was causing near panic among industry groups and others who have prodded congress to cancel the cuts and have long believed elected officials who said they would do so. “it would be a grave dereliction of duty to drop” a sequestration fix from a final deal, marion c. blakey, president and chief execute of the aerospace industries association, said on saturday. the group represents 300 aerospace and defense companies. “we can’t believe they would fail our military and our economy like that.” broad impact the problem with sequestration is not so much the size of the cuts but their scope. with the exception of a few programs specifically spared by congress — including medicaid, medicare benefits and food stamps — every government account would be sliced by the almost same amount. the white house has said that all domestic programs that were not specifically shielded would face an 8.2 percent cut next year. military programs would be cut by 9.4 percent. air traffic controllers, courthouse security guards, national institutes of health cancer researchers — all would face the same crunch. “you do need cuts. but sequestration is not the way to go,” said rep. frank r. wolf (r-va.). “it’s literally a meat ax without any thought behind it.” federal workers are still expected to report to their jobs on wednesday as normal. but agencies would quickly institute hiring freezes, restrict travel and reduce technology spending. and, without congressional action to reverse the cut, widespread furloughs would be possible as agencies grapple with squeezing the amount they have to spend through the end of the fiscal year on sept. 30. on friday, the administration formally outlined for employees the nuts and bolts of how the temporary layoffs would work. particularly problematic, economically and politically, are scheduled cuts at the pentagon, which defense secretary leon e. panetta has said could have a devastating impact on the military. rep. howard p. “buck” mckeon (r-calif.), chairman of the house armed services committee, on saturday blasted the notion of reaching a deal that would not cancel the pending military cuts. “it would be irresponsible for the commander in chief to allow the new year to begin without some kind of sequester resolution in place,” mckeon said in a statement. “to do anything else would hobble our military with uncertainty and embolden our adversaries who would be encouraged by our inability to govern beyond this crisis.” sword over their heads sequestration was always intended to be an incentive to force congress and the white house to find a better alternative. it was enacted in the summer of 2011 during the debt-ceiling fight, when lawmakers agreed to increase the nation’s legal borrowing limit but also to cut spending by $1 trillion and to create a 12-member bipartisan “super committee” to craft a plan to reduce the debt by $1.2 trillion more. to provide incentive for the panel, congress hung the sword of sequestration over its head: if it did not come up with a plan by the end of 2011, government budgets would simply be reduced automatically by $1.2 trillion over 10 years. half the cuts would come from the military, intended to spur republicans to act; the deep domestic cut was supposed to do the same for democrats. even after the super committee disbanded without agreement late last year, congress still had a full year to forestall the first $110 billion annual installment of cuts. it failed. in may, the house passed a bill along party lines to deal with the sequester, but it would have merely shifted some of the military cuts onto domestic programs, an outcome democrats said was unacceptable. if leaders let sequestration take effect next week but promise to deal with it in a few months, when congress debates a new debt-ceiling increase, connolly said americans would have the right to be skeptical. “never think something is unthinkable,” he said. “that’s been the lesson here.”

ˈprɛzɪdənt trəmps leɪt dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ goʊ ˈɔˈlaʊt fər əˈkjuzd ˈsɛkʃuəl ˈprɛdətər rɔɪ mʊr ɪn ˌæləˈbæməz ˈsɛnɪt ɪˈlɛkʃən həz kɔst ɪm ˈgreɪtli ɪn tərmz əv hɪz oʊn pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌkrɛdəˈbɪlɪti, ənd ɪt həz ˈklaʊdɪd hɪz ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv ˈprɑspɛkts ɪn ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ðə ˈkɑŋgrəs kənˈtroʊld baɪ hɪz oʊn ˈpɑrti. ˌɪnˈstɛd əv ə mʊr ˈvɪktəri ðət wʊd hæv ˈtrɪgərd ən ɪmˈbɛrəsɪŋ ˈsɛnɪt ˈɛθɪks ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən ˈɪntu ˈmɪstər. mʊrz ˈfɪtnəs tɪ sərv, ðə ɪˈlɛkʃən əv ˈdɛməˌkræt dəg ʤoʊnz wɪl ˈnɛroʊ tɪ ðə ɔˈrɛdi slɪm rɪˈpəblɪkən məˈʤɔrəti ðɛr. ɪt kʊd ˈɔgər ˈtrəbəl fər trəmps kənˈtɛnʃəs tæks rɪˈfɔrm bɪl ðət ˈhɛvəli ˈfeɪvərz ˈwɛlθi ˈkɔrpərət ˈɪntərɪsts æt ðə ɪkˈspɛns əv pur ənd ˈmɪdəlˈklæs ˈwərkərz. ðə ˈprɛzɪdənts ˈpərsɪnəl pʊʃ fər ˈmɪstər. mʊr, ˈludəkrəsli steɪʤd æt ə ˌpɛnsəˈkoʊlə, fla*., ˈræli ʤɪst əˈkrɔs ðə ˌæləˈbæmə ˈbɔrdər, dɪd ˈnəθɪŋ tɪ ʃild ər dɪˈmɪnɪʃ hɪz stæmp ɔn ðə ˈkændɪdəsi əv ə mæn huz ˈsɛkʃuəl bɪˈheɪvjər brɔt riˈmaɪndərz əv ˈmɪstər. trəmps oʊn ədˈmɪʃənz. ðə ˈræli keɪm æt ðə taɪm əv ðə ˈblɑsəmɪŋ "#metoo*" ˈmuvmənt əv ˈwɪmən ˈspikɪŋ aʊt əˈgɛnst ˈsɛkʃuəl əˈsɔlt ənd hərˈæsmənt, ɛz ðə 2018 ˈmɪdˌtərm kənˈgrɛʃənəl ɪˈlɛkʃənz lum ɛz ə ˈtɛlˌteɪl ˈwɛðər veɪn fər ðə 2020 ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl kæmˈpeɪn. ˈmɪstər. mʊrz dɪˈfit ɪn ə rɪˈpəblɪkən steɪt ðət wɛnt ˈhɛvəli fər ˈmɪstər. trəmp ɪn 2016 ˈʧælənʤd ðə ˈprɛzɪdənts pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsævi ɪn ˈbækɪŋ ɪm, ɛz wɛl ɛz ðə riˌlaɪəˈbɪləti əv hɪz ˈvɔntɪd ˈfeɪθfəl, əˈspɛʃəli ɪn ðə dip saʊθ. ɪt hæd ɔˈrɛdi feɪld ðə seɪm tɛst ɪn vərˈʤɪnjə wiks ˈərliər, wɛr ˈmɪstər. trəmps ˈfeɪvərd guˌbərnəˈtɔˌriəl ˈkænədɪt, ɛd gəˈlɛspi, ˈɔlsoʊ lɔst. ðə ˈtərˌnaʊt ɪn ˈhɛvəli ˌæləˈbæmə ˈpriˌsɪŋkts wɑz ˈkrɪtɪkəl fər ˈmɪstər. ʤoʊnz. ɪt ˈlaɪkli wɑz fjuəld baɪ ˈmɪstər. trəmps ˈfrikˌwɛnt ˈreɪʃəl rɪˈmɑrks, ɛz wɛl ɛz hɪz ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃənz ˈæftər ðə ˈərliər ˈʃɑrlətsˌvɪl, va*., strit raɪəts ɪkˈweɪtɪŋ ðə bɪˈheɪvjər ənd ˌmoʊtəˈveɪʃənz əv ənd wɪθ ðoʊz əv ˈproʊˌtɛstərz əˈgɛnst kənˈfɛdərˌeɪt ˈmɑnjəmənts. ˈmɪstər. ʤoʊnz ˈɔlsoʊ wən ə məˈʤɔrəti əv ðə ˌæləˈbæmə waɪt ˈfiˌmeɪl ˈvoʊtərz, hu ɛˈsɛnʃəli ˌdɪsrɪˈgɑrdɪd hɪz ˈoʊpənli dɪˈfɛndɪd səˈpɔrt əv ˈligəl əˈbɔrʃən ənd mʊrz pɪʧ ðət ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ɪˈlits lʊkt daʊn ɔn hɪz steɪt ənd ɪts ˈsɪtɪzənz ɛz ə ˈkəlʧərəl ˈbækˌwɔtər. ˈmɪstər. mʊr ˌɪnˈsɪstɪd, ɛz dɪd ˈmɪstər. trəmp, ðət wʊd ˌdɪˈsaɪd fər ðɛmˈsɛlvz hu ʃʊd bi ðɛr nɛkst juz. ˈsɛnətər. ðə rɪˌpjudiˈeɪʃən əv ˈmɪstər. mʊr, ənd baɪ ɪkˈstɛnʃən əv ˈmɪstər. trəmp, əˈmaʊnɪd tɪ ə vɪndəˈkeɪʃən əv sɔrts fər ˈsɛnɪt məˈʤɔrəti ˈlidər mɪʧ məˈkɑnəl. hi hæd kɔld ɔn ˈmɪstər. mʊr tɪ boʊ aʊt əv ðə reɪs, ənd ˈəðər ˈsɛnɪt ˈkrɪtɪks əv ðə ˈprɛzɪdənt hu ˈvoʊtɪd əˈgɛnst ðə trəmp ˈlɛʤəsˌleɪtɪv əˈʤɛndə ˈɔlsoʊ əˈpoʊzd ɪm. ə kənˈspɪkjuəs ˈluzər əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ˈmɪstər. trəmp wɑz hɪz ˈfɔrmər ʧif waɪt haʊs pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈstrætɪʤɪst stiv ˈbænən. ɛz hɛd əv ðə nuz ˈwɛbˌsaɪt, hi wɛnt ˈpərsənəli tɪ ˌæləˈbæmə, spoʊk fər ˈmɪstər. mʊr ənd ˈtaʊtɪd hɪz ˈkændɪdəsi ˈɔnˌlaɪn. ɪt əˈmaʊnɪd tɪ ə kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən əv ˈmɪstər. kæmˈpeɪn tɪ rɛst kənˈtroʊl əv ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˈpɑrti frəm ðə oʊld ˈpɑrti ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt ðət həz ɔˈrɛdi bɪn ˈrɛndərd ˈplɪtɪkli ˈɪmpətənt baɪ ɪts oʊn ˌɪˈnɛptnɪs ɪn ðə ˈɪrə əv ˈmɪstər. trəmp. ɔl ðɪs rɪˈzəltɪd frəm ðə trəmp dɪˈsɪʒən tɪ rɪˈwɔrd hɪz fərst juz. ˈsɛnɪt ˈbækər əv 2016 ʤɛf ˈsɛʃənz əv ˌæləˈbæmə, baɪ ˈʧuzɪŋ ɪm tɪ bi əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl. ɪt kriˈeɪtɪd ðə ˈveɪkənsi ðət ˈmɪstər. mʊr sɔt tɪ fɪl, bət ɪt naʊ goʊz tɪ ˈmɪstər. ʤoʊnz, dɪˈraɪdɪd baɪ ˈmɪstər. trəmp ɛz ðət "ˈlɪˌbərəl ˈdɛməˌkræt" hi ˈdɪdənt wɔnt ɪn ðə ˈsɛnɪt. ðə bæd bɛt ðət ˈdɑnəld trəmp meɪd ɪn ˌæləˈbæmə meɪ wɛl hæv ˈəðər pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˌræməfəˈkeɪʃənz nɑt tɪ hɪz ˈlaɪkɪŋ daʊn ðə roʊd, ɛz kˈwɛsʧənz ər reɪzd əˈbaʊt hɪz ˈɛfərts tɪ ənˈdu ˈæˌspɛkts əv ðə ˌoʊˈbɑmə dəˈmɛstɪk ənd ˈfɔrən ˈpɑləsi əˈʤɛndəz. ðə nuz ˈmidiə ðət naʊ ˈdɑməˌneɪt əˈmɛrɪkən ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən, ənd ˈɑkjəˌpaɪ məʧ əv ˈprɛzɪdənts ˈdeɪli ˈweɪkɪŋ aʊərz, əˈʃʊr ˈɛndləs riˈhæʃɪŋ əv ðə ˌæləˈbæmə ˈspɛʃəl ˈsɛnɪt ɪˈlɛkʃən ənd ˈmɪstər. trəmps roʊl ɪn ɪt, ɛz mɔr daʊts ənd kˈwɛsʧənz ər reɪzd əˈbaʊt hɪz oʊn ˈtɛnjər. ˈminˌwaɪl, hi kənˈtɪnjuz tɪ twit əˈweɪ, əˈtækɪŋ ˌdɛməˈkrætɪk sɛn. ˈkərstən əv nu jɔrk fər səˈlɪsətɪŋ kæmˈpeɪn ˌkɑntrəˈbjuʃənz, ənd seɪɪŋ ʃi "wʊd du ˈɛniˌθɪŋ fər ðɛm." ʃi rɪˈspɑndɪd baɪ ˈkɔlɪŋ ɪt "ə ˈsɛksɪst smɪr" ənd ən "əˈtɛmpt tɪ ˈsaɪləns maɪ vɔɪs," waɪl ˈəðərz prəˈfɛst tɪ hir ˈəgli ˌɪnjuˈɛndoʊ ɪn ɪt. æst əˈbaʊt ɪt, waɪt haʊs prɛs ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri ənd ʧif əˈpɑləʤɪst ˈsɛrə ˈhəkəbi ˈsændərz ˈɔfərd: "aɪ min, ˈoʊnli ɪf jʊr maɪnd ɪz ɪn ðə ˈgətər wʊd ju hæv rɛd ɪt ðət weɪ." ðəs du ˈpɑrtəzən ˈpɑləˌtɪks ənd ˈpərsɪnəl ˌɪnˈsəlts mit ðə ˈbərʤənɪŋ "#metoo*" ˈmuvmənt ɪn ðə trəmp ˈprɛzɪdənsi, wɪθ mɔr əv ðə seɪm ɔn boʊθ saɪdz əˈhɛd. ʤulz ɪz ə ˈsɪndɪˌkeɪtɪd ˈkɑləmnəst ənd ˈfɔrmər ˈraɪtər fər ðə ˈbɔltəˌmɔr sən. hɪz ˈleɪtəst bʊk ɪz "ðə əˈmɛrɪkən vaɪs ˈprɛzɪdənsi: frəm ˌɪˈrɛləvəns tɪ paʊər" (smɪθˈsoʊniən bʊks). hɪz iˈmeɪl ɪz juleswitcover@comcast.net*.

president trump's late decision to go all-out for accused sexual predator roy moore in alabama's senate election has cost him greatly in terms of his own political credibility, and it has clouded his legislative prospects in dealing with the congress controlled by his own party. instead of a moore victory that would have triggered an embarrassing senate ethics investigation into mr. moore's fitness to serve, the election of democrat doug jones will narrow to 51-49 the already slim republican majority there. it could augur trouble for trump's contentious tax reform bill that heavily favors wealthy corporate interests at the expense of poor and middle-class workers. the president's personal push for mr. moore, ludicrously staged at a pensacola, fla., rally just across the alabama border, did nothing to shield or diminish his stamp on the candidacy of a man whose sexual behavior brought reminders of mr. trump's own admissions. the rally came at the time of the blossoming "#metoo" movement of women speaking out against sexual assault and harassment, as the 2018 midterm congressional elections loom as a telltale weather vane for the 2020 presidential campaign. mr. moore's defeat in a republican state that went heavily for mr. trump in 2016 challenged the president's political savvy in backing him, as well as the reliability of his vaunted faithful, especially in the deep south. it had already failed the same test in virginia weeks earlier, where mr. trump's favored gubernatorial candidate, ed gillespie, also lost. the turnout in heavily black-voting alabama precincts was critical for mr. jones. it likely was fueled by mr. trump's frequent racial remarks, as well as his observations after the earlier charlottesville, va., street riots equating the behavior and motivations of neo-nazis and with those of protesters against confederate monuments. mr. jones also won a majority of the alabama white female voters, who essentially disregarded his openly defended support of legal abortion and moore's pitch that washington elites looked down on his state and its citizens as a cultural backwater. mr. moore insisted, as did mr. trump, that alabamians would decide for themselves who should be their next u.s. senator. the repudiation of mr. moore, and by extension of mr. trump, amounted to a vindication of sorts for senate majority leader mitch mcconnell. he had called on mr. moore to bow out of the race, and other senate critics of the president who voted against the trump legislative agenda also opposed him. a conspicuous loser along with mr. trump was his former chief white house political strategist steve bannon. as head of the ultra-nationalist breitbart news website, he went personally to alabama, spoke for mr. moore and touted his candidacy online. it amounted to a continuation of mr. bannon's campaign to wrest control of the republican party from the old party establishment that has already been rendered politically impotent by its own ineptness in the era of mr. trump. all this resulted from the trump decision to reward his first u.s. senate backer of 2016, jeff sessions of alabama, by choosing him to be attorney general. it created the vacancy that mr. moore sought to fill, but it now goes to mr. jones, derided by mr. trump as that "liberal democrat" he didn't want in the senate. the bad bet that donald trump made in alabama may well have other political ramifications not to his liking down the road, as questions are raised about his efforts to undo aspects of the obama domestic and foreign policy agendas. the 24-hour news media that now dominate american television, and occupy much of president's daily waking hours, assure endless rehashing of the alabama special senate election and mr. trump's role in it, as more doubts and questions are raised about his own tenure. meanwhile, he continues to tweet away, attacking democratic sen. kirsten gillibrand of new york for soliciting campaign contributions, and saying she "would do anything for them." she responded by calling it "a sexist smear" and an "attempt to silence my voice," while others professed to hear ugly innuendo in it. asked about it, white house press secretary and chief apologist sarah huckabee sanders offered: "i mean, only if your mind is in the gutter would you have read it that way." thus do partisan politics and personal insults meet the burgeoning "#metoo" movement in the trump presidency, with more of the same on both sides ahead. jules witcover is a syndicated columnist and former long-time writer for the baltimore sun. his latest book is "the american vice presidency: from irrelevance to power" (smithsonian books). his email is juleswitcover@comcast.net.

ˈmædi ˈɪmɪʤɪz ˈʤɪmi ˈbətlər wɑz ʃɪpt aʊt əv ðə ˈwɪndi ˈsɪti ˈθərzˌdeɪ wɪn ðə ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ bʊlz dɛlt ɪm tɪ ðə ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə ɪn ə dræft naɪt ˈblɑkˌbəstər, ənd ðə ˌɔlˈstɑr sɛd ˈfraɪˌdeɪ hi ˈwəzənt ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli θrɪld wɪθ ðə weɪ ɪt ˈhæpənd. "ɪts ˈkreɪzi bɪˈkəz ɪt riˈmaɪndz ju əv wət ə ˈbɪznɪs ðɪs ɪz," ˈbətlər toʊld ðə ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ sun-times*' ʤoʊ ˈkaʊli. "ju gɪt mæd æt ˈɛnibədi. nɑt mæd, nɑt. aɪ ʤɪst laɪk ðə weɪ səm θɪŋz wər ˈhændəld, bət ˈoʊˈkeɪ." eɪt jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ðə ˈnəgəts ˈtreɪdɪd ˈmɛloʊ tɪ ðə nɪks tu jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ðə kɪŋz ʃɪpt ˈbʊgi tɪ ðə ˈpɛlɪkənz wɪl bi kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv əˈgɛn ɪf ðə ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ ˈreɪzɪz ðə steɪks wɪl ˈhɑrdən bərn hɪmˈsɛlf aʊt ˌbiˈfɔr ðə pleɪɔfs? wɪn wɔr 12 ˈæftər hɪz ˈʤərzi wɑz ˈstoʊlən ˌbiˈfɔr ə geɪm 15 jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ˈlɛbrən, weɪd ənd ˈmɛloʊ tʊk ˈoʊvər ˌɔlˈstɑr ˈwiˌkɪnd 14 jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ˈaɪvərsən drɑpt 60 pɔɪnts ðə ənd ˈlɛbrən ɪz bæk! bæts hæv bɪˈkəm ən ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪd əˈtrækʃən æt spərz geɪmz ˈgɪvɪŋ bæk tɪ hɪz ˈhoʊmˌtaʊn wɪθ ˈdʊrənt ˈsɛnər fɔr jɪrz əˈgoʊ, kleɪ drɑps ˈrɛkərd 37 ɪn wən kˈwɔrtər rɪˈmɛmbərɪŋ ðə naɪt ˈkoʊbeɪ skɔrd 81 pɔɪnts ˈhæpi ˈbərθˌdeɪ weɪd stɛf ɪz ə fju ʃɑts əˈweɪ frəm ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ ˈhɪstəri kən ˈhɑrdən kip hɪz ˈdɑmənəns goʊɪŋ? stɛf gɪfts fæn hu æst fər gərlz kɪks wɪθ nu ˈkəri ˈhæpi ˈbərθˌdeɪ tɪ ˈlɛbrən 4 jɪrz əˈgoʊ, ˈkoʊbeɪ pæst ˈʤɔrdən ɔn ðə ˈɛnˌbiˈeɪ ˈskɔrɪŋ lɪst ˈdrəmənd ənd ˌriɪgˈnaɪt ˈraɪvəlri ˈhæpi ˈbərθˌdeɪ tɪ raɪt ˈɛroʊ ˈaɪkɑn ˈbətlər ˈɔlsoʊ toʊld ˈkaʊli ðət biɪŋ ðə "ˈsoʊˈkɔld feɪs əv ðə ʃəˈkɑˌgoʊ bʊlz" ˈɛvədəntli ˈdɪdənt min məʧ beɪst ɔn ðə weɪ θɪŋz ˈɛndɪd. "ˌwəˈtɛvər ðeɪ wɔnt tɪ kɔl mi feɪs aɪ ˈivɪn wɔnt tɪ gɪt ˈɪntu ðət ˌɛniˈmɔr. huz tim ɪz ɪt? ɔl ðət minz ˈnəθɪŋ. ju noʊ wət aɪv ˈlərnɪd? feɪs əv ðə tim, ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli goʊɪŋ tɪ si ðə bæk əv hɪz hɛd ɛz ˈlivɪŋ taʊn, soʊ noʊ θæŋks." naʊ ˈrɛdi tɪ ɪmˈbɑrk ɔn ə nu ˈʧæptər, ˈbətlər sɛd hi ˈdəzənt wɔnt tɪ rɪˈsiv ˈɛni ˈspɛʃəl ˈtritmənt ɪn ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə. ˈrəðər, hi ˈsɪmpli wɔnts tɪ bi "ʤɪst ə pleɪər fər ðə." ˈlʊkɪŋ əˈhɛd, ˈbətlər ʃʊd fɪt raɪt ɪn ɛz hi ˌriuˈnaɪts wɪθ ˈfɔrmər bʊlz hɛd koʊʧ tɑm ˈθɪbədoʊ. hi ʤɔɪnz ə tim praɪmd tɪ meɪk ə lip ɪn ðə ˈstændɪŋz ɛz taʊnz ənd ˈændru ˈwɪgɪnz eɪm tɪ meɪk ˈivɪn ˈlɑrʤər dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛnəl straɪdz wɪθ ən aɪ ɔn ðə postseason*.

maddie meyer/getty images jimmy butler was shipped out of the windy city thursday when the chicago bulls dealt him to the minnesota timberwolves in a draft night blockbuster, and the all-star swingman said friday he wasn't necessarily thrilled with the way it happened. "it's crazy because it reminds you of what a business this is," butler told the chicago sun-times' joe cowley. "you can’t get mad at anybody. i’m not mad, i’m not. i just don’t like the way some things were handled, but it’s ok." eight years ago, the nuggets traded melo to the knicks two years ago, the kings shipped boogie to the pelicans asg will be competitive again if the nba raises the stakes will harden burn himself out before the playoffs? when mj wore #12 after his jersey was stolen before a game 15 years ago, lebron, wade and melo took over all-star weekend 14 years ago, iverson dropped career-high 60 points the kyrie and lebron bromance is back! bats have become an unexpected attraction at spurs games kd giving back to his hometown with durant center four years ago, klay drops record 37 pts in one quarter remembering the night kobe scored 81 points happy 37th birthday dwyane wade steph is a few shots away from nba 3-point history can harden keep his dominance going? steph gifts fan who asked for girls ua kicks with new curry 6s happy 34th birthday to lebron 👑 4 years ago, kobe passed jordan on the nba scoring list drummond and embiid reignite rivalry happy 24th birthday to giannis antetokounmpo right arrow icon butler also told cowley that being the "so-called face of the chicago bulls" evidently didn't mean much based on the way things ended. "whatever they want to call me … face … i don’t even want to get into that anymore. whose team is it? all that means nothing. you know what i've learned? face of the team, eventually you’'e going to see the back of his head as he’s leaving town, so no thanks." now ready to embark on a new chapter, butler said he doesn't want to receive any special treatment in minnesota. rather, he simply wants to be "just a player for the timberwolves." looking ahead, butler should fit right in as he reunites with former bulls head coach tom thibodeau. he joins a team primed to make a leap in the standings as karl-anthony towns and andrew wiggins aim to make even larger developmental strides with an eye on the postseason.

ˈbɛndərz ˈgɪni pɪg wɑz ˈbɛndərz ˈfɔrmər pɛt. ɪt daɪd praɪər tɪ ðə ˈræmˌpeɪʤ əv 3010 ˈlaɪkli ˈkɔzɪz əv dɛθ ˌɪnˈklud ðə ˈnumərəs ˈkræʃɪz əv ðə ˈplænət ɪkˈsprɛs ʃɪp, ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs, ər ˈbɛndərz ɪkˈsploʊʒən ˈæftər biɪŋ sˈwɑloʊd baɪ ðə ðə ˈgɪni pɪg kʊd ˈɔlsoʊ hæv ʤɪst daɪd əv oʊld eɪʤ, ɛz ɪt maɪt nɑt hæv bɪn ɪn ˈbɛndərz ʧɛst ˈkævəti. sɪns ðɛr həz bɪn ˈoʊnli wən dɛθ əv ə ˈgɪni pɪg ɔn skrin ɪn ˈkænən, ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl ðət ˈbɛndərz ˈgɪni pɪg ɪz ðə wən eɪt ɪn ˈbɛndərz bɪg skɔr. hɪz læk əv riˈækʃən æt ðə taɪm wʊd bi ˌəndərˈstændəbəl du tɪ ðə ˈɪnfluəns əv ðə ˈifɛkts əv ðə oʊˈbidiəns ˈvaɪrəs. ˈbɛndər ɪz ˈnoʊtɪsəbli ˈsædənd baɪ rɪˈmɛmbərɪŋ ɪts dɛθ. əˈdɪʃənəl ˈɪnfoʊ kwoʊts fraɪ: dɪd ˈɛniˌwən ɛls fil əraʊzd ənd ˈʤɛləs ənd ˈwərid? ˈbɛndər: aɪ ˈhævənt fɛlt məʧ əv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ sɪns maɪ ˈgɪni pɪg daɪd.

bender's guinea pig was bender's former pet. it died prior to the v-giny rampage of 3010 (6acv02). likely causes of death include the numerous crashes of the planet express ship, the rebirthing process, or bender's explosion after being swallowed by the cyclophage (6acv01). the guinea pig could also have just died of old age, as it might not have been in bender's chest cavity. since there has been only one death of a guinea pig on screen in canon, it is possible that bender's guinea pig is the one nibbler ate in bender's big score. his lack of reaction at the time would be understandable due to the influence of the effects of the obedience virus. bender is noticeably saddened by remembering its death. additional info quotes fry: did anyone else feel aroused and jealous and worried? bender: i haven't felt much of anything since my guinea pig died.

ðə ˌʤɔrˈdeɪniən ˈgəvərnmənt həz faɪld ˈʧɑrʤɪz əˈgɛnst wən əv ɪts oʊn ˈsoʊlʤərz fər ðə ˈkɪlɪŋ əv θri ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈɑrmi ˈspɛʃəl ˈfɔrsɪz tim, wən əv hum gru əp ɪn ˈmɛmbərz əv ðə ˈsoʊlʤərz kɪld sɛd ðə juz. ˈgəvərnmənt brift ðɛm ɔn ðə ˈʧɑrʤɪz ðɪs wik. ðə əˈtæk ˈhæpənd ɪn noʊˈvɛmbər wɪn ə ˌʤɔrˈdeɪniən ˈsoʊlʤər ˈoʊpənd faɪər ɔn ə juz. kənˈveɪ æt ə beɪs ɪn ˈʤɔrdən. həz bɪn aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪd ɛz ðə ʤɪst 27 jɪrz oʊld, stæf ˈsɑrʤənt. ʤeɪmz "ˈʤɪmi" ˌmɔriˈɑrti əv ˈhjustən wɑz ɔˈrɛdi ə mæn tɪ bi wɑz ˈlɪvɪŋ ðə laɪf hi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ lɪv, duɪŋ wət hi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ du," hɪz ˈfɑðər ˈfɑðər, ʤeɪmz ˌmɔriˈɑrti, ɪz ən əˈtərni ɪn ðə ˈmɑnˌtroʊz ˈɛriə. hiz praʊd əv hɪz sənz laɪf. hi wɑz ə ˌjunəˈvərsəti əv ˈtɛksəs ˈgræʤəˌweɪt ənd grin ˈbɛrət. hi ɪz ˈɔlsoʊ praʊd əv hɪz sənz ˈfaɪnəl ˈmoʊmənts, prəˈtɛktɪŋ ə ˈfɛloʊ ˈsoʊlʤər ˈəndər faɪər frəm ə ˌʤɔrˈdeɪniən bɪˈliv ðɛr ər θɪŋz ɪn laɪf wərθ ˈfaɪtɪŋ fər ənd θɪŋz ɪn laɪf wərθ daɪɪŋ fər, ənd maɪ sən hæd ðoʊz ˈvæljuz. hi lɪvd baɪ ðoʊz ənd hi daɪd baɪ ðoʊz ˈvæljuz," ˌmɔriˈɑrti ˈlərnɪŋ ˈʤɪmi wɑz kɪld waɪl rɪˈtərnɪŋ tɪ ðə ˌʤɔrˈdeɪniən beɪs wɛr hi wɑz ˈsteɪʃənd, ðə grif wɑz ˈdɪfəkəlt. ɪt bɪˈkeɪm ˈnɪrli ənˈbɛrəbəl fər ˌmɔriˈɑrti wɪn ðə ˌʤɔrˈdeɪniən ˈgəvərnmənt ˌɪmˈplaɪd ðə dɛθs əv ˈʤɪmi ənd hɪz tu ˈfɛloʊ ˈsoʊlʤərz wər ðɛr oʊn ˌʤɔrˈdeɪniən ˈgəvərnmənt bleɪmd ə laʊd nɔɪz fər ˈskɛrɪŋ ˈæbu ənd ˈlidɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈʃutɪŋ, ˌmɔriˈɑrti sɛd. ðə ˌʤɔrˈdeɪniən əˈkaʊnt ðɛn ʧeɪnʤd əˈgɛn, seɪɪŋ ðə ˈʃutɪŋ wɑz ˈʤəstəˌfaɪd əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ðə rulz əv ɛnˈgeɪʤmənt ən aʊˈtreɪʤəs ənd ˈdipli ˈtrəbəlɪŋ ˈmɛsɪʤ fər ˈfæməliz əv ðoʊz kɪld pʊʃt fər ˈditeɪlz, ənd ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli ˌmɔriˈɑrti sɔ sərˈveɪləns ˈvɪdioʊ əv ðə əˈtæk. hi sɛd ɪt ʃoʊd ˈæbu gən daʊn ðə ˈsoʊlʤərz ɛz ðeɪ droʊv bæk tɪ ðə ˈlərnɪd maɪ sən rɪskt hɪz laɪf ənd geɪv hɪz laɪf tɪ prəˈtɛkt hɪz ˈtimˌmeɪts, ənd aɪ kʊd nɑt bi mɔr praʊd əv maɪ sən," ˌmɔriˈɑrti sɛd ðə ˈʧɑrʤɪz fər ˈæbu ɪn ə ˌʤɔrˈdeɪniən ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri kɔrt ər ə stɛp ɪn ðə raɪt ˌmɔriˈɑrti, ðə faɪt tɪ rɪˈvil ðə truθ əv hɪz sənz dɛθ kənˈtɪnjuz. hi sɛd ɪts ɪn hɪz ˈneɪʧər tɪ faɪt fər ˈʤəstɪs, ʤɪst ɛz ɪt wɑz fər ɔl nid ˈhɪroʊz. wi nid ˈpipəl hu hæv əˈspaɪrd ənd əˈkɑmplɪʃt mɔr ðən wi hæv, hu kən gɪv ˈjuˈɛs ɪgˈzæmpəlz əv haʊ wi kən bi ˈbɛtər mɛn ənd ˈwɪmən. ˈʤɪmi dɪd ɔl əv ðoʊz θɪŋz," hi hoʊps ˈæbu ɪz kənˈvɪktəd fər ðə ˈkɪlɪŋz, bət hi sɛd hi ˈɔlsoʊ hoʊps ðə ˈəðər ˌʤɔrˈdeɪniən ˈsoʊlʤərz hu stʊd baɪ ənd ˈdɪdənt ˌɪntərˈvin ər ˈprɑsɪˌkjutɪd ˈɔlsoʊ ˈpʊʃɪŋ fər ðə sərˈveɪləns ˈvɪdioʊ tɪ bi riˈlist ˈpəblɪkli soʊ ˈɛvriˌwən kən si hɪz sənz hɪˈroʊɪk ˈfaɪnəl ˈmoʊmənts.

the jordanian government has filed charges against one of its own soldiers for the killing of three members of the united states army special forces team, one of whom grew up in houston.family members of the soldiers killed said the u.s. government briefed them on the charges this week. the attack happened in november when a jordanian soldier opened fire on a u.s. convey at a base in jordan. m'aarek aby tayeh has been identified as the gunman.at just 27 years old, staff sgt. james "jimmy" moriarty of houston was already a man to be admired."he was living the life he wanted to live, doing what he wanted to do," his father said.jimmy's father, james moriarty, is an attorney in the montrose area. he's proud of his son's life. he was a university of texas graduate and green beret. he is also proud of his son's final moments, protecting a fellow soldier under fire from a jordanian soldier."i believe there are things in life worth fighting for and things in life worth dying for, and my son had those values. he lived by those and he died by those values," moriarty said.after learning jimmy was killed while returning to the jordanian base where he was stationed, the grief was difficult. it became nearly unbearable for moriarty when the jordanian government implied the deaths of jimmy and his two fellow soldiers were their own fault.the jordanian government blamed a loud noise for scaring abu tayeh and leading to the shooting, moriarty said. the jordanian account then changed again, saying the shooting was justified according to the rules of engagement -- an outrageous and deeply troubling message for moriarty.the families of those killed pushed for details, and eventually moriarty saw surveillance video of the attack. he said it showed abu tayeh gun down the soldiers as they drove back to the base."i learned my son risked his life and gave his life to protect his teammates, and i could not be more proud of my son," moriarty said.moriarty said the charges for abu tayeh in a jordanian military court are a step in the right direction.for moriarty, the fight to reveal the truth of his son's death continues. he said it's in his nature to fight for justice, just as it was for jimmy."we all need heroes. we need people who have aspired and accomplished more than we have, who can give us examples of how we can be better men and women. jimmy did all of those things," he said.moriarty hopes abu tayeh is convicted for the killings, but he said he also hopes the other jordanian soldiers who stood by and didn't intervene are prosecuted too.he's also pushing for the surveillance video to be released publicly so everyone can see his son's heroic final moments.

ˈgræbɪŋ ən ˈubər ər ə tɪ ər frəm ˈbəfəˌloʊ naɪˈægrə ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈɛrˌpɔrt wɪl kɔst ˈraɪdərz ə ˈlɪtəl mɔr ðən ʤɪst ðə ˈrɛgjələr kɔst əv ðə trɪp. ðə naɪˈægrə frənˈtɪr ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən əˈθɔrəti wɪl ʧɑrʤ fər iʧ ˈpɪˌkəp ər ˈdrɑˌpɔf, ə kɔst ðət wɪl bi pæst ɔn tɪ ˈraɪdərz. ðə fiz, wɪʧ goʊ ˈɪntu ˈifɛkt wɪn bɪˈkəmz ˈligəl ɪn ˈəpˈsteɪt nu jɔrk ɔn ʤun 29 wər əˈpruvd ˈθərzˌdeɪ baɪ ðə əˈθɔrɪtiz bɔrd əv kəˈmɪʃənərz. ðə fiz əˈplaɪ tɪ ˈsərvɪsɪz wɪn ðə trɪp stɑrts ər ɛndz æt ðə ˈbəfəˌloʊ ˈɛrˌpɔrt ər naɪˈægrə fɔlz ˌɪnərˈnæʃənɑl ˈɛrˌpɔrt. ˈəðər ˈɛrˌpɔrts əˈkrɔs ðə ˈkəntri hæv ɛˈnæktəd ˈsɪmələr fiz fər ˈsərvɪsɪz. ðə fiz wɪl ˌɔtəˈmætɪkli bi ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðə fɛr ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃənz wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈsərvɪsɪz' æps, ðə sɛd. hɪrz haʊ əˈfɪʃəlz dɪˈskraɪbd ðə ˈpərpəs əv ðə fi, wɪʧ wɪl bi pɑrt əv ə "ˈpaɪlət ˈproʊˌgræm" ɪn ˈifɛkt fər ə jɪr: "ðə fi ɪz ˌɪmˈpoʊzd tɪ dɪˈvɛləp ˈrɛvəˌnu fər səˈpɔrt əv ðə ˈɛrˌpɔrt ˈsɪstəm, prɪˈzərv ˈrɛvəˌnu ənd tɪ ˈkɑmpənˌseɪt ðə fər ɪts ˌɑpərˈeɪʃənəl kɔsts (rɪˈpɛr ənd wɛr ənd tɪr ɔn ðə roʊdz, ˈmeɪntənəns, plaʊɪŋ, ˌɛtˈsɛtərə.) rɪˈzəltɪŋ frəm ðə ˈjusɪʤ əv [ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən ˈnɛtˌwərk ˈkəmpəˌniz] ˈdraɪvər ˈviɪkəlz ɔn ˈɛrˌpɔrt ˈprɑpərti." ðə wɪl ˈɔlsoʊ ʧɑrʤ ˈkəmpəˌniz ə "ˈpərˌmɪt fi." ðə əˈθɔrəti ˈɔlsoʊ əˈgrid tɪ peɪ ən ˈɛrˌpɔrt ˌɔrgənəˈzeɪʃən 5 pərˈsɛnt əv ɪts ˈrɛvəˌnuz frəm ðə nu fiz fər ə ˈsɪstəm tɪ træk, ˈmɑnətər ənd ˈɪnvɔɪs ðə ˈkəmpəˌniz. ðə əˈmɛrɪkən əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən əv ˈɛrˌpɔrt ɪgˈzɛkjətɪvz wɪl prəˈvaɪd ɪts ˈeɪˈbiˈti ˈmænɪʤmənt ˈsɪstəm ˈəndər ə ˈwənˌjɪr dil.

grabbing an uber or a lyft to or from buffalo niagara international airport will cost riders a little more than just the regular cost of the trip. the niagara frontier transportation authority will charge $3.50 for each pickup or drop-off, a cost that will be passed on to riders. the fees, which go into effect when ride-hailing becomes legal in upstate new york on june 29, were approved thursday by the authority's board of commissioners. the fees apply to ride-hailing services when the trip starts or ends at the buffalo airport or niagara falls international airport. other airports across the country have enacted similar fees for ride-hailing services. the fees will automatically be included in the fare calculations within the services' apps, the nfta said. here's how nfta officials described the purpose of the fee, which will be part of a "pilot program" in effect for a year: "the fee is imposed to develop revenue for support of the airport system, preserve revenue and to compensate the nfta for its operational costs (repair and wear and tear on the roads, maintenance, plowing, etc.) resulting from the usage of [transportation network companies] driver vehicles on airport property." the nfta will also charge ride-hailing companies a $5,000 "permit fee." the authority also agreed to pay an airport organization 5 percent of its revenues from the new fees for a system to track, monitor and invoice the ride-hailing companies. the american association of airport executives will provide its abt management system under a one-year deal.

rɪˈpɔrtər mɪˈʃɛl fildz, hu pərˈsud ˈbætəri ˈʧɑrʤɪz əˈgɛnst ˈdɑnəld trəmps kæmˈpeɪn ˈmænɪʤər, kət ʃɔrt ə ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈɪntərvˌju ˈtuzˌdeɪ naɪt ˈæftər ðə hoʊst prɛst hər əˈbaʊt ðə ˈkɑntɛnts əv hər nu bʊk. ˈdʊrɪŋ ə ˌsɛgˈmɛnt ɔn ˈtiˈviz "stiv ʃoʊ," hoʊst stiv rɛd ə ˈpæsɪʤ frəm fildz' bʊk, "ˈbɛrənz əv ðə ˈbɛltˌweɪ: ˌɪnˈsaɪd ðə ˈprɪnsli wərld əv ɑr ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ɪˈlit ənd haʊ tɪ ˈoʊvərθˌroʊ ðɛm." ðə ˈɛksərpt, frəm ə "noʊt tɪ ðə ˈridər" æt ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ əv ðə bʊk, rɪˈfərz tɪ ðə ˌkɑnfrənˈteɪʃən wɪθ trəmps ˈfɔrmər kæmˈpeɪn ˈmænɪʤər, ˈkɔri luənˈdɔfski. "aɪ lɔst maɪ ˈbæləns ənd ˈnɪrli fɛl tɪ ðə graʊnd," fildz roʊt. "ðət ˈmoʊmənt ˈstɑrtɪd ə ˈwərlˌwɪnd aɪ ˈdɪdənt æsk fər ənd ˈdɪdənt wɔnt, ənd ə ˈstɔri ðət tʊk ɔn ə laɪf əv ɪts oʊn." æst fildz tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn wət ʃi mɛnt, ˈgɪvɪn ðət ʃi pərˈsud ðə ˈʧɑrʤɪz ənd æt ðə taɪm geɪv ˈnæʃənəl ˈmidiə ˈɪntərvˌjuz əˈbaʊt ðɛm. ðoʊz ˈʧɑrʤɪz wər drɑpt baɪ ˈflɔrɪdəz əˈtərni ˈʤɛnərəl ɪn ˈeɪprəl. "ɪf aɪ ˈrɪli ˈwɔntɪd tɪ juz ðɪs [ˈɪnsədənt] tɪ maɪ ˈbɛnəfɪt, ðɛr wər tənz ənd tənz əv ˌɑpərˈtunətiz fər mi tɪ du ðət ənd aɪ ˈdɪdənt," rɪˈplaɪd fildz. "bət aɪ hæv tɪ rən ənd aɪ æm ɔn ə taɪt ˈskɛʤʊl. əm prəˈmoʊtɪŋ maɪ bʊk ənd noʊ, ju du nɑt wɔnt tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt maɪ bʊk." "ðæts ɪn jʊr bʊk," sɛd. "mɪˈʃɛl, ðæts ə kwoʊt frəm jʊr bʊk. ɪz ɪt nɑt?" "noʊ, ðæts nɑt frəm maɪ bʊk," ʃi sɛd. "ðæts nɑt frəm maɪ bʊk. aɪ roʊt maɪ bʊk ənd ˈfɪnɪʃt maɪ bʊk ə jɪr əˈgoʊ." ɪt wɑz ɪn mɑrʧ ðət fildz pərˈsud ðə ˈʧɑrʤɪz əˈgɛnst luənˈdɔfski, hu græbd hər ɑrm ˈæftər ə trəmp prɛs ˈkɑnfərəns ɪn ˈʤupɪtər, fla*. fildz wɑz traɪɪŋ tɪ æsk ðə rɪˈpəblɪkən ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl ˈkænədɪt ə kˈwɛʃən ɛz hi wɑz ˈlivɪŋ ðə ˈɛriə wɪn sərˈveɪləns ˈvɪdioʊ ʃoʊd luənˈdɔfski kəm frəm bɪˈhaɪnd ənd pʊl hər bæk. luənˈdɔfski wɑz faɪərd frəm ðə trəmp kæmˈpeɪn ðɪs wik. fildz dɪd nɑt rɪˈtərn ə rɪkˈwɛst fər ˈkɑmɛnt frəm ðə ˈwɔʃɪŋtən ɪgˈzæmənər ˈmidiə dɛsk.

reporter michelle fields, who pursued battery charges against donald trump's now-former campaign manager, cut short a tv interview tuesday night after the host pressed her about the contents of her new book. during a segment on newsmax tv's "steve malzberg show," host steve malzberg read a passage from fields' book, "barons of the beltway: inside the princely world of our washington elite and how to overthrow them." the excerpt, from a "note to the reader" at the beginning of the book, refers to the confrontation with trump's former campaign manager, corey lewandowski. "i lost my balance and nearly fell to the ground," fields wrote. "that moment started a whirlwind i didn't ask for and didn't want, and a story that took on a life of its own." malzberg asked fields to explain what she meant, given that she pursued the charges and at the time gave national media interviews about them. those charges were dropped by florida's attorney general in april. "if i really wanted to use this [incident] to my benefit, there were tons and tons of opportunities for me to do that and i didn't," replied fields. "but i have to run and i am on a tight schedule. i'm promoting my book and no, you do not want to talk about my book." "that's in your book," said malzberg. "michelle, that's a quote from your book. is it not?" "no, that's not from my book," she said. "that's not from my book. i wrote my book and finished my book a year ago." it was in march that fields pursued the charges against lewandowski, who grabbed her arm after a trump press conference in jupiter, fla. fields was trying to ask the republican presidential candidate a question as he was leaving the area when surveillance video showed lewandowski come from behind and pull her back. lewandowski was fired from the trump campaign this week. fields did not return a request for comment from the washington examiner media desk.

ən ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd ˈbɪljən kʊd kəm ɪn 10 jɪrz frəm ə ˈmɪnəməm 30 pərˈsɛnt tæks ɔn ˌmɪljəˈnɛrz. ˈsɛnɪt bæk tɪ ˈbəfɪt rul ˈsɛnɪt ˈdɛməˌkræts, ˈlʊkɪŋ tɪ fɔrˈstɔl ðə ˈspɛndɪŋ kəts sɛt tɪ teɪk pleɪs ɪn mɑrʧ, ər ˈplænɪŋ tɪ pʊʃ ðɛr ˈleɪtəst ˈvərʒən əv ðə ˈwɔrən ˈmɪnəməm tæks ɔn ˌmɪljəˈnɛrz. ðə pəˈlɪtɪkəl ædˈvæntɪʤ ɪz ɪt bɪldz ɔn ðə 2012 ɪˈlɛkʃənz ɪn wɪʧ ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑmə ənd ˈmɛni ˈdɛməˌkræts kæmˈpeɪnd ɔn ðə aɪˈdiə. ənd ɪt əˈvɔɪdz dɪˈvaɪsɪv faɪts ˈoʊvər ə ˈsɪriz əv ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəl ˈluˌphoʊl ˈkloʊzɪŋz ɪn ðə tæks koʊd, səm əv wɪʧ tæks ˈraɪtərz prɪˈfər tɪ dil wɪθ ɪn ðə ˈkɑntɛkst əv ˈkɔrpərət tæks rɪˈfɔrm. ˈstɔri kənˈtɪnjud bɪˈloʊ pæst tæks ˈɛstəˌmeɪts ˈɪndəˌkeɪt ðət ɛz məʧ ɛz ˈbɪljən kʊd bi reɪzd ˈoʊvər 10 jɪrz frəm ðə ˈsoʊˈkɔld ˈbəfɪt rul ə ˈmɪnəməm 30 pərˈsɛnt tæks ɔn ˌmɪljəˈnɛrz. ˌɪnˈdid ðə ˈrɛvəˌnuz ˈʤɛnərˌeɪtɪd kʊd bi kənˈsɪdərəbli haɪər, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ səm ɪˈkɑnəmɪsts, bɪˈkəz əv ðə tæks dil læst mənθ ðət əˈlaʊd ˈdɪvɪˌdɛnd ˈɪnˌkəm ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ðə ˈwɛlθi tɪ bi tækst æt ə loʊər 20 pərˈsɛnt reɪt. ðə hoʊp ɪz tɪ ˈmɛri ðɪs ˈrɛvəˌnu wɪθ mɔr səˈlɛkt ˈspɛndɪŋ kəts, ˈʧifli æt ðə ɪkˈspɛns əv fɑrm ˈsəbsɪdiz ənd dɪˈfɛns. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, ɛz məʧ ɛz 25 ˈbɪljən kʊd bi ˈteɪkən frəm dɪˈrɛkt kæʃ ˈpeɪmənts tɪ prəˈdusərz, ən ˈaʊtˌdeɪtɪd ˈsɪstəm əv ˈsəbsɪdiz ðət həz bɪn ˈhɑrdər tɪ dɪˈfɛnd ˈgɪvɪn ðə ˈlɛvəl əv fɑrm ˈprɑfɪts ɪn ˈrisənt jɪrz. ˌwəˈtɛvər kəts ər meɪd frəm dɪˈfɛns wɪl bi sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli lɛs ðən ðə 43 ˈbɪljən ɪn rɪˈdəkʃənz θˈrɛtənd ɪn mɑrʧ. mɔˈroʊvər ðɛr ɪz ə nu pʊʃ baɪ ˈsɛnɪt əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃənz kəˈmɪti ˈʧɛrˌwʊmən ˈbɑrbərə mɪˈkəlski (d-md*.) tɪ ɪˈnækt ən ˈɑmnəbəs əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃənz bɪl tɪ ˌriˈpleɪs ðə ɪkˈspaɪrɪŋ kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ ˌrɛzəˈluʃən mɑrʧ 27 ənd ðət kʊd prəˈvaɪd ˌɪˈmɛns rɪˈlif fər ðə ˈmɪlɪˌtɛri ˈsərvɪsɪz wɪʧ hæv bɪn ˈhɑbəld baɪ ðə ˈlɪmɪts ɔn ˈɔpərˌeɪtɪŋ ənd ˈmeɪntənəns əˈkaʊnts. ðə ˈfaɪnəl ˈpækɪʤ biɪŋ aɪərnd aʊt baɪ mɪˈkəlski, məˈʤɔrəti ˈlidər ˈhɛri rid (d-nev*.), ˈfaɪˌnæns ˈʧɛrmən mæks ˈbɑkəs (d-mont*.) ənd ˈbəʤɪt ˈʧɛrˌwʊmən ˈpæti ˈməri (d-wash*.) ɪz nɑt ɪkˈspɛktɪd tɪ bi roʊld aʊt ənˈtɪl nɛkst wik. voʊts meɪ nɑt əˈkər ənˈtɪl ˈæftər ðə presidents’*’ deɪ ˈrisɛs, ˈpʊtɪŋ ðə ˈɪʃu ɪn frənt əv ðə ˈsɛnɪt ɔn ðə iv əv ðə mɑrʧ sɪkˈwɛstər ˈdɛˌdlaɪn.

an estimated $46.7 billion could come in 10 years from a minimum 30 percent tax on millionaires. senate dems back to buffett rule senate democrats, looking to forestall the across-the-board spending cuts set to take place in march, are planning to push their latest version of the warren buffett-style minimum tax on millionaires. the political advantage is it builds on the 2012 elections in which president barack obama and many democrats campaigned on the idea. and it avoids divisive fights over a series of individual loophole closings in the tax code, some of which tax writers prefer to deal with in the context of corporate tax reform. story continued below past tax estimates indicate that as much as $46.7 billion could be raised over 10 years from the so-called buffett rule — a minimum 30 percent tax on millionaires. indeed the revenues generated could be considerably higher, according to some economists, because of the tax deal last month that allowed dividend income — important to the wealthy — to be taxed at a lower 20 percent rate. the hope is to marry this revenue with more select spending cuts, chiefly at the expense of farm subsidies and defense. for example, as much as $25 billion could be taken from direct cash payments to producers, an outdated system of subsidies that has been harder to defend given the level of farm profits in recent years. whatever cuts are made from defense will be significantly less than the $43 billion in reductions threatened in march. moreover there is a new push by senate appropriations committee chairwoman barbara mikulski (d-md.) to enact an omnibus appropriations bill to replace the expiring continuing resolution march 27. and that could provide immense relief for the military services which have been hobbled by the cr’s limits on operating and maintenance accounts. the final package — being ironed out by mikulski, majority leader harry reid (d-nev.), finance chairman max baucus (d-mont.) and budget chairwoman patty murray (d-wash.) — is not expected to be rolled out until next week. votes may not occur until after the presidents’ day recess, putting the issue in front of the senate on the eve of the march sequester deadline.

ˈnæʃvɪl, tɛn. ə jɪr riˈmuvd frəm ˈsərʤəri tɪ rɪˈpɛr ə strɛs ˈfrækʧər ɪn hɪz raɪt fʊt ənd fɔr mənθs ˈæftər ə ˈsɛkənd ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən, ˌtɛnəˈsi ˈtaɪtənz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈlaɪnˌbækər ˈkɛvɪn dɑd ɪz ˈsɪtɪŋ aʊt otas*. hɪz rihæb wərk ˈivɪn ˈtɛstɪŋ ðə fʊt. nɑt ˈrɪli duɪŋ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ tɪ strɛs ɪt raɪt now,”*,” hi sɛd. ˈrɪli tɛl ju ðət məʧ. bət aɪ fil faɪn ˈwɔkɪŋ around.”*.” ɪf koʊʧ maɪk ənd ðə ˈtreɪnɪŋ stæf hæv ə deɪt ɪn maɪnd fər wɪn dɑd kən æmp θɪŋz əp, hi noʊ wət ɪt ɪz. dɑdz ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃənz ər bæd nuz. ðə ˌɑpərˈeɪʃən ɔn meɪ 26 2016 wɑz dimd priˈvɛntətɪv baɪ ðə ˈtaɪtənz. ˈdɑktərz ˌɪnˈsərtɪd ə skru ɪn hɪz fʊt. hi hæd ˈsərʤəri əˈgɛn ɪn ˈʤænjuˌɛri. ðə ˈtaɪtənz spɛnt ðə pɪk ɪn ðə 2016 dræft ɔn dɑd ənd nid tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ kaʊnt ɔn ɪm ɛz ðɛr θərd ɛʤ ˈrəʃər bɪˈhaɪnd braɪən ənd ˈdɛrɪk ˈmɔrgən. hi pleɪd naɪn geɪmz ɛz ə ˈrʊki, rɪˈkɔrdɪŋ faɪv ˈtækəlz ənd ə sæk. bət ðɛn hi ˈfeɪdɪd. ˈæftər tu geɪmz ɛz ən ˌɪˈnæktɪv, ðə tim pleɪst ɪm ɔn ˈɪnʤərd rɪˈzərv ɔn dɛk. 6 ənd spoʊk əv haʊ ðə ˈɪʃu meɪ hæv bɪn mɔr ˈmɛntəl ðən ˈfɪzɪkəl. wɑz beɪst ɔn performance,”*,” sɛd æt ðə taɪm. fʊt] wɑz əˈfɛktɪŋ ɪm, aɪ θɪŋk, ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt ɪn hɪz hɛd ðət ðɪs θɪŋ wɑz nɑt əˈlaʊɪŋ ɪm tɪ pleɪ æt ðə ˈlɛvəl hi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ, ənd ðət əˈfɛktɪd hɪz pərˈfɔrməns, wɪʧ əˈfɛktɪd waɪ wi pʊt ɪm down.”*.” dɑd sɛd hi bɪˈlivz ðə plæn ɪz fər ɪm tɪ bi ɔn ðə fild ðə fərst deɪ əv ˈtreɪnɪŋ kæmp. bət ɪf hi meɪk ˈmeɪʤər straɪdz baɪ leɪt ˌʤuˈlaɪ, ɪts ˈpɑsəbəl hi wʊd stɑrt ɔn ðə ˈfɪzɪkəli əˈneɪbəl tɪ pərˈfɔrm lɪst. ˈmɔrgən, ðə ˈstɑrtɪŋ lɛft ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ˈlaɪnˌbækər, wʊd ˈbɛnəfɪt frəm ə strɔŋ ʃoʊɪŋ baɪ dɑd ɛz ðə θərd ɛʤ ˈrəʃər. wɑz ɪn ə ˈsɪmələr ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən maɪ ˈrʊki jɪr, ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ ə lɔt əv injuries,”*,” ˈmɔrgən sɛd əv dɑd. kaɪnd əv noʊ wət goʊɪŋ θru. ənd soʊ wi ɔl ɪnˈkərəʤ ɪm, wi ɔl wɔnt ɪm aʊt ðɛr ˈhɛlθi ənd ˈhɛlpɪŋ ˈjuˈɛs. ˈɛvriˌbɑdi wɔnts tɪ si ɪm succeed.”*.” dɑd sɛd ˈfrəˌstreɪtəd, bət ˈhævɪŋ ˈweɪtɪd ðɪs lɔŋ ðɛr ɪz noʊ nid tɪ rəʃ θɪŋz naʊ. ˈnɛvər fən biɪŋ ə spectator,”*,” hi sɛd. wɔnt tɪ goʊ aʊt ðɛr ənd du wət aɪ du. aɪ noʊ ðɛr ər ə lɔt əv kˈwɛsʧənz frəm ˈɛvriˌbɑdi, ə ˈbəbəl tɪ ˈɛvriˌbɑdi. goʊɪŋ tɪ du wət gɑt tɪ du wɪn aɪ gɪt aʊt ðɛr. nɑt aʊt tɪ pruv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ tɪ ˈɛnibədi. bət aɪ du æsk ˈɛvriˌbɑdi tɪ bi ˈpeɪʃənt. wɪn aɪ du gɪt aʊt ðɛr, goʊɪŋ tɪ pleɪ tɪ ðə bɛst əv maɪ ability.”*.”

nashville, tenn. -- a year removed from surgery to repair a stress fracture in his right foot and four months after a second operation, tennessee titans outside linebacker kevin dodd is sitting out otas. his rehab work isn’t even testing the foot. “i’m not really doing anything to stress it right now,” he said. “i really can’t tell you that much. but i feel fine walking around.” if coach mike mularkey and the training staff have a date in mind for when dodd can amp things up, he doesn’t know what it is. dodd's limitations are bad news. the operation on may 26, 2016, was deemed preventative by the titans. doctors inserted a screw in his foot. he had surgery again in january. the titans spent the 33rd pick in the 2016 draft on dodd and need to be able to count on him as their third edge rusher behind brian orakpo and derrick morgan. he played nine games as a rookie, recording five tackles and a sack. but then he faded. after two games as an inactive, the team placed him on injured reserve on dec. 6 and mularkey spoke of how the issue may have been more mental than physical. “it was based on performance,” mularkey said at the time. “[the foot] was affecting him, i think, a little bit in his head that this thing was not allowing him to play at the level he wanted to, and that affected his performance, which affected why we put him down.” dodd said he believes the plan is for him to be on the field the first day of training camp. but if he doesn’t make major strides by late july, it's possible he would start on the physically unable to perform list. morgan, the starting left outside linebacker, would benefit from a strong showing by dodd as the third edge rusher. “i was in a similar situation my rookie year, dealing with a lot of injuries,” morgan said of dodd. “i kind of know what he’s going through. and so we all encourage him, we all want him out there healthy and helping us. everybody wants to see him succeed.” dodd said he’s frustrated, but having waited this long there is no need to rush things now. “it’s never fun being a spectator,” he said. “i want to go out there and do what i do. i know there are a lot of questions from everybody, i’m a bubble to everybody. i’m going to do what i’ve got to do when i get out there. “i’m not out to prove anything to anybody. but i do ask everybody to be patient. when i do get out there, i’m going to play to the best of my ability.”

spərz ˈleɪdiz bɪg naɪt ˈɛndɪd ɪn ˈhɑrtˌbreɪk ɛz ˈʧɑrltən ɛʤd ə θˈrɪlɪŋ ˈraɪmən ˈleɪdiz kəp ˈfaɪnəl æt wɛr ɔn ˈθərzˌdeɪ. ˈhævɪŋ kriˈeɪtɪd ðə ˈbɛtər ˈʧænsɪz, ɪt lʊkt laɪk ðə tim wɑz goʊɪŋ tɪ luz ˈoʊnli fər ˈsəbstəˌtut ˈliə tɪ faɪnd ən ɪn ðə ˈmɪnət tɪ teɪk ðə geɪm ˈɪntu ˈɛkstrə taɪm. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ʤɪst wɪn ju θɔt moʊˈmɛntəm wʊd bi wɪθ ðə hoʊm saɪd, kɪt græm pɪŋd hər ˈsɛkənd əv ðə naɪt ˈɪntu ðə tɔp ˈkɔrnər tɪ hænd ðə ˈædɪks ðə lɛd əˈgɛn faɪv ˈmɪnəts ˈɪntu ðə ˈædɪd 30 ˈroʊzi hɪt ðə poʊst wɪθ ˈsɛvən ˈmɪnəts rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ bət ðɛr wər noʊ mɔr hɪˈroʊɪks ðɪs taɪm əraʊnd ənd ˈʧɑrltən ˈlɪftɪd ðə ˈtroʊfi. pleɪɪŋ ɪn frənt əv ə pækt kraʊd æt pɑrk, spərz faʊnd ðɛr ˈpæsɪŋ geɪm ˈtrɪki ɔn ə fərm, ˈbaʊnsi ˈsərfəs bət ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs tɔr ˈɪntu ðɛr fərst kəp ˈfaɪnəl sɪns 2012 wɪθ ril zɛst. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðeɪ wər ˈʤoʊltɪd wɪθ ə goʊl aʊt əv ðə blu frəm ðə ˈvɪzɪtərz ɔn 17 ˈmɪnəts. ˈʧɑrltən broʊk ˈoʊvər ˈhæfˈweɪ ənd wər ˈklɪnɪkəl wɪθ pleɪər ædˈvæntɪʤ ɛz ˈʤɛmə ˈʃɛpərd faʊnd græm, hu droʊv tɪ ðə ɛʤ əv ðə bɑks ˌbiˈfɔr ˈfaɪərrɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə tɔp ˈkɔrnər. ˈʃɛpərd sun broʊk əˈgɛn bət lɑbd waɪd. æt ðə ˈəðər ɛnd, spərz' bɛst ˈʧænsɪz keɪm ˈviə ənd ˈskɪpər ˈʤɛnə ˈɛksələnt dɪˈlɪvəri. ʃi prəˈvaɪdɪd ə ˈkɔrnər ˈhɛdɪd ˈoʊvər baɪ ˈluʃə liɑn, ə ðət mɛt ðə seɪm feɪt frəm ˈwɛndi ˈmɑrtɪn ənd ðɛn əˈnəðər ˈkɔrnər ɪn ˈɪnʤəri taɪm ðət ˈkeɪti oʊˈlɪri lʊkt tɪ hæv ˈplænɪd hoʊm ˈoʊnli fər hər ˈhɛdər tɪ kəm bæk ɔf ðə poʊst. ˈɪntu ðə ˈsɛkənd hæf ənd bət fər ə kɪm ˈdɪksən təʧt ˈɔntu ðə baɪ weɪn ɔn ðə aʊər, ɪt wɑz ɔl spərz. biˈɑŋkə bəpˈtɪst, hu stɑrd daʊn ðə raɪt flæŋk θruaʊt, sɔ ə ʃɑt dɪˈflɛktɪd ˈnɛroʊli waɪd ənd liɑn ˈhɛdɪd ˈkɔrnər streɪt æt lɪnʧ, hu ðɛn prəˈdust ə faɪn seɪv tɪ tərn əraʊnd maɪə loʊ draɪv. skiˈlɑʧi kərld ə ʤɪst ˈoʊvər wɪθ faɪv ˈmɪnəts rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ bət spərz kɛpt goʊɪŋ ənd wɪθ ðə ˈklɑkɪŋ ˈtɪkɪŋ ˈɪntu ðə ˈmɪnət, wɑz pleɪd bæk ˈɪntu ðə ˈdeɪnʤər ˈɛriə baɪ bəpˈtɪst ənd fɔrst hoʊm frəm kloʊz reɪnʤ. ju fɛlt ɪf spərz kʊd teɪk ðə lɛd ɪn ˈɛkstrə taɪm ðeɪ wʊd hæv wən hænd ɔn ðə ˈtroʊfi bət ðə ˈkruʃəl nɛkst goʊl wɛnt tɪ ˈʧɑrltən, ə əv ðɛr ˈoʊpənər. ðɪs taɪm spərz lɔst pəˈzɛʃən ɔn ˈhæfˈweɪ ənd græm əˈgɛn droʊv tɪ ðə raɪt ˈkɔrnər əv ðə bɑks ˌbiˈfɔr əˈgɛn ˈfaɪndɪŋ ə ˈfɪnɪʃ ˈwərði əv ə kəp ˈfaɪnəl ˈɪntu ðə tɔp ˈkɔrnər. ˈklɪrˌkət ˈʧænsɪz wər æt ə ˈprimiəm bət ə ˈmoʊmənt əv ˈmæʤɪk frəm bəpˈtɪst spɑrkt ðə ˈfaɪnəl ˈɔnsˌlɔt ɔn 111 ˈmɪnəts ɛz ʃi kənˈtroʊld ə pæs wɪθ hər raɪt fʊt ənd swɛpt bɪtˈwin tu dɪˈfɛndərz ˌbiˈfɔr ˈhɪtɪŋ ə ˈdɪpər ʤɪst ˈoʊvər wɪθ hər lɛft fʊt. tu ˈmɪnəts ˈleɪtər ənd ðə ˈfaɪnəl ʧæns. ˈmɑrtɪn ɔn ˈsoʊfi məˈklinz krɔs frəm ðə raɪt ənd ræpt hər fʊt əraʊnd ə ˈvɑli frəm 10 jɑrdz ðət bæk ɔf ðə poʊst. ɪf ðət hæd gɔn ɪn wi wər ɔl sɛt fər ə ˈgrændˌstænd ˈfɪnɪʃ, bət ɪt ˈwəzənt tɪ bi. spərz ˈleɪdiz: weɪn; ˈluʃə liɑn (ˈroʊzi, 72 ˈæləks ˈkioʊn, ˈʤɛnə skiˈlɑʧi (si), ˈsoʊfi məˈklin; maɪə vio*, ˈwɛndi ˈmɑrtɪn, (ˈʃænən məˈloʊni, 62 əˈvɪlə ˈbərˌgɪn, ˈkeɪti oʊˈlɪri (ˈliə, 86 biˈɑŋkə bəpˈtɪst. ənˈjuzd səbz: ˈlɔrə ˈpɪktən (gk*), ˈmeɪbi, marcoci*. ˈʧɑrltən ˈleɪdiz: lɪnʧ, ˈkeɪti flæk, ˈsɪmənz (ˈɛmə ˈhɛrɪsən, 93 kɪm ˈdɪksən (si), ˈroʊzi peɪ (ˈrubi ˈsaʊθˌgeɪt, 108 greɪs kumz, ˈʧɑrli ˈklɪfərd, sæm pittuck*, ˈʤɛmə ˈʃɛpərd, ˌnɪˈkitə (ˈeɪmi ˈhaʊlɪt, 110 kɪt græm. ənˈjuzd səb: ˈkeɪti hardaker*.

spurs ladies big night ended in heartbreak as charlton edged a thrilling ryman ladies cup final at ware fc on thursday. having created the better chances, it looked like the team was going to lose 1-0 only for substitute leah rawle to find an equaliser in the 90th minute to take the game into extra time. however, just when you thought momentum would be with the home side, charlton's kit graham pinged her second 20-yarder of the night into the top corner to hand the addicks the lead again five minutes into the added 30. rosie kmita hit the post with seven minutes remaining but there were no more last-gasp heroics this time around and charlton lifted the trophy. playing in front of a packed crowd at wodson park, spurs found their passing game tricky on a firm, bouncy surface but nevertheless tore into their first cup final since 2012 with real zest. however, they were jolted with a goal out of the blue from the visitors on 17 minutes. charlton broke over halfway and were clinical with player advantage as gemma shepherd found graham, who drove to the edge of the box before firing into the top corner. shepherd soon broke again but lobbed wide. at the other end, spurs' best chances came via set-pieces and skipper jenna schillaci's excellent delivery. she provided a corner headed over by lucia leon, a free-kick that met the same fate from wendy martin and then another corner in injury time that katie o'leary looked to have planted home only for her header to come back off the post. into the second half and but for a kim dixson free-kick touched onto the crossbar by toni-anne wayne on the hour, it was all spurs. bianca baptiste, who starred down the right flank throughout, saw a shot deflected narrowly wide and leon headed schillaci's corner straight at megen lynch, who then produced a fine save to turn around maya vio's low drive. schillaci curled a free-kick just over with five minutes remaining but spurs kept going and with the clocking ticking into the 90th minute, schillaci's free-kick was played back into the danger area by baptiste and rawle forced home from close range. you felt if spurs could take the lead in extra time they would have one hand on the trophy but the crucial next goal went to charlton, a carbon-copy of their opener. this time spurs lost possession on halfway and graham again drove to the right corner of the box before again finding a finish worthy of a cup final into the top corner. clear-cut chances were at a premium but a moment of magic from baptiste sparked the final onslaught on 111 minutes as she controlled a pass with her right foot and swept between two defenders before hitting a dipper just over with her left foot. two minutes later and the final chance. martin flicked on sophie mclean's cross from the right and kmita wrapped her foot around a volley from 10 yards that agonisingly cannoned back off the post. if that had gone in we were all set for a grandstand finish, but it wasn't to be. spurs ladies: toni-anne wayne; lucia leon (rosie kmita, 72), alex keown, jenna schillaci (c), sophie mclean; maya vio, wendy martin, riana soobadoo (shannon maloney, 62); avilla bergin, katie o'leary (leah rawle, 86), bianca baptiste. unused subs: laura picton (gk), leanne mabey, andra marcoci. charlton ladies: megen lynch, katie flack, stef simmons (emma harrison, 93), kim dixson (c), rosie paye (ruby southgate, 108), grace coombs, charley clifford, sam pittuck, gemma shepherd, nikita whinnett (amy howlett, 110), kit graham. unused sub: katie hardaker.

ˈklæsɪks ɪn ðə ˈhɪstəri əv saɪˈkɑləʤi ən ˈɪntərˌnɛt ˈrisɔrs dɪˈvɛləpt baɪ ˈkrɪstəfər di. grin jɔrk ˌjunəˈvərsəti, tərˈɑntoʊ, ɑnˈtɛrioʊ (rɪˈtərn tɪ ˈklæsɪks ˈɪndɛks) ˈkɑgnɪtɪv ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛnsəz əv fɔrst kəmˈplaɪəns liɑn ʤeɪmz ɛm. 1959 fərst ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ˈʤərnəl əv æbˈnɔrməl ənd ˈsoʊʃəl saɪˈkɑləʤi, 58 wət ˈhæpənz tɪ ə ˈpərsənz ˈpraɪvət əˈpɪnjən ɪf hi ɪz fɔrst tɪ du ər seɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ ðət əˈpɪnjən? ˈoʊnli ˈrisəntli həz ðɛr bɪn ˈɛni ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl wərk rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðɪs kˈwɛʃən. tu ˈstədiz ˌriˈpɔrtəd baɪ ˈʤænɪs ənd kɪŋ 1954 1956 ˈklɪrli ʃoʊd ðət, æt list ˈəndər səm kənˈdɪʃənz, ðə ˈpraɪvət əˈpɪnjən ˈʧeɪnʤɪz soʊ ɛz tɪ brɪŋ ɪt ˈɪntu ˈkloʊzər ˌkɔrəˈspɑndəns wɪθ ðə ˈoʊvərt bɪˈheɪvjər ðə ˈpərsən wɑz fɔrst tɪ pərˈfɔrm. spəˈsɪfɪkli, ðeɪ ʃoʊd ðət ɪf ə ˈpərsən ɪz fɔrst tɪ ˌɪmprəˈvaɪz ə spiʧ səˈpɔrtɪŋ ə pɔɪnt əv vju wɪθ wɪʧ hi dɪsəˈgriz, hɪz ˈpraɪvət əˈpɪnjən muvz təˈwɔrd ðə pəˈzɪʃən ˈædvəˌkeɪtɪd ɪn ðə spiʧ. ðə əbˈzərvd əˈpɪnjən ʧeɪnʤ ɪz ˈgreɪtər ðən fər ˈpərsənz hu ˈoʊnli hir ðə spiʧ ər fər ˈpərsənz hu rɛd ə priˈpɛrd spiʧ wɪθ ˈɛmfəsɪs ˈsoʊəli ɔn ˌɛksəˈkjuʃən ənd ˈmænər əv dɪˈlɪvəri ðə ˈɔθərz əv ðiz tu ˈstədiz ɪkˈspleɪn ðɛr rɪˈzəlts ˈmeɪnli ɪn tərmz əv ˈmɛntəl rɪˈhərsəl ənd ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əp nu ˈɑrgjəmənts. ɪn ðɪs weɪ, ðeɪ prəˈpoʊz, ðə ˈpərsən hu ɪz fɔrst tɪ ˌɪmprəˈvaɪz ə spiʧ kənˈvɪnsɪz hɪmˈsɛlf. ðeɪ ˈprɛzənt səm ˈɛvədəns, wɪʧ ɪz nɑt ˌɔltəˈgɛðər kənˈklusɪv, ɪn səˈpɔrt əv ðɪs ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən. wi wɪl hæv mɔr tɪ seɪ kənˈsərnɪŋ ðɪs ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən ɪn dɪˈskəsɪŋ ðə rɪˈzəlts əv ɑr ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. ˈkɛlmən 1953 traɪd tɪ pərˈsu ðə ˈmætər ˈfərðər. hi ˈrizənd ðət ɪf ðə ˈpərsən ɪz ˌɪnˈdust tɪ meɪk ən ˈoʊvərt ˈsteɪtmənt ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ hɪz ˈpraɪvət əˈpɪnjən baɪ ðə ˈɔfər əv səm rɪˈwɔrd, ðɛn ðə ˈgreɪtər ðə rɪˈwɔrd ˈɔfərd, ðə ˈgreɪtər ʃʊd bi ðə ˈsəbsəkwənt əˈpɪnjən ʧeɪnʤ. hɪz ˈdætə, ˌhaʊˈɛvər dɪd nɑt səˈpɔrt ðɪs aɪˈdiə. hi faʊnd, ˈrəðər, ðət ə lɑrʤ rɪˈwɔrd prəˈdust lɛs ˈsəbsəkwənt əˈpɪnjən ʧeɪnʤ ðən dɪd ə sˈmɔlər rɪˈwɔrd. ˈæˌkʧuəli ðɪs ˈfaɪndɪŋ baɪ ˈkɛlmən ɪz kənˈsɪstənt wɪθ ðə ˈθɪri wi wɪl ˈaʊˌtlaɪn bɪˈloʊ bət, fər ə ˈnəmbər əv ˈrizənz ɪz nɑt kənˈklusɪv. wən əv ðə ˈmeɪʤər ˈwiknəsɪz əv ðə ˈdætə ɪz ðət nɑt ɔl ˈsəbʤɪkts ɪn ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt meɪd ən ˈoʊvərt ˈsteɪtmənt ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ ðɛr ˈpraɪvət əˈpɪnjən ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ əbˈteɪn ðə ˈɔfərd rɪˈwɔrd. wət ɪz mɔr, ɛz wən maɪt ɪkˈspɛkt, ðə pərˈsɛnɪʤ əv ˈsəbʤɪkts hu kəmˈplaɪd ˌɪnˈkrist ɛz ðə saɪz əv ðə ˈɔfərd rɪˈwɔrd ˌɪnˈkrist. ðəs, wɪθ əv hu dɪd ənd hu dɪd nɑt meɪk ðə rikˈwaɪərd ˈoʊvərt ˈsteɪtmənt ənd wɪθ ˈvɛriɪŋ pərˈsɛnɪʤɪz əv ˈsəbʤɪkts ɪn ðə ˈdɪfərənt kənˈdɪʃənz hu dɪd meɪk ðə ˈsteɪtmənt, noʊ ˌɪnˌtərprɪˈteɪʃən əv ðə ˈdætə kən bi ˌənɪkˈwɪvəkəl. ˈrisəntli 1957 prəˈpoʊzd ə ˈθɪri kənˈsərnɪŋ ˈkɑgnɪtɪv ˈdɪsənəns frəm wɪʧ kəm ə ˈnəmbər əv əˈbaʊt əˈpɪnjən ʧeɪnʤ ˈfɑloʊɪŋ fɔrst kəmˈplaɪəns. sɪns ðiz ər ˈsteɪtɪd ɪn ˈditeɪl baɪ 1957 ch*. 4 wi wɪl hir gɪv ˈoʊnli ə brif ˈaʊˌtlaɪn əv ðə ˈrizənɪŋ. lɛt ˈjuˈɛs kənˈsɪdər ə ˈpərsən hu ˈpraɪvətli hoʊldz əˈpɪnjən "ɛks" bət həz, ɛz ə rɪˈzəlt əv ˈprɛʃər brɔt tɪ bɛr ɔn ɪm ˈpəblɪkli ˈsteɪtɪd ðət hi bɪˈlivz "nɑt ɛks." 1 ðɪs ˈpərsən həz tu wɪʧ, ˌsaɪkəˈlɑʤɪkli, du nɑt fɪt təˈgɛðər: wən əv ðiz ɪz ðə ˈnɑlɪʤ ðət hi bɪˈlivz "ɛks," ðə ˈəðər ðə ˈnɑlɪʤ ðət hi həz ˈpəblɪkli ˈsteɪtɪd ðət hi bɪˈlivz "nɑt ɛks." ɪf noʊ ˈfæktərz ˈəðər ðən hɪz ˈpraɪvət əˈpɪnjən ər kənˈsɪdərd ɪt wʊd ˈfɑloʊ, æt list ɪn ɑr ˈkəlʧər, ðət ɪf hi bɪˈlivz "ɛks" hi wʊd ˈpəblɪkli steɪt "ɛks." hɛns, hɪz kɑgˈnɪʃən əv hɪz ˈpraɪvət bɪˈlif ɪz ˈdɪsənənt wɪθ hɪz kɑgˈnɪʃən kənˈsərnɪŋ hɪz ˈækʧəwəl ˈpəblɪk ˈsteɪtmənt. 2 ˈsɪmələrli, ðə ˈnɑlɪʤ ðət hi həz sɛd "nɑt ɛks" ɪz ˈkɑnsənənt wɪθ (dɪz fɪt təˈgɛðər wɪθ) ðoʊz ˈkɑgnɪtɪv ˈɛləmənts ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋ tɪ ðə ˈrizənz, ˈprɛʃərz, ˈprɑməsəz əv rɪˈwɔrdz θrɛts əv ˈpənɪʃmənt wɪʧ ˌɪnˈdust ɪm tɪ seɪ "nɑt ɛks." 3 ɪn ɪˈvæljuˌeɪtɪŋ ðə ˈtoʊtəl ˈmægnəˌtud əv ˈdɪsənəns wən məst teɪk əˈkaʊnt əv boʊθ ənd. lɛt ˈjuˈɛs θɪŋk əv ðə səm əv ɔl ðə ˌɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ səm ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr kɑgˈnɪʃən ɛz "di" ənd ðə səm əv ɔl ðə ɛz "si." ðɛn wi maɪt [pi. 204 θɪŋk əv ðə ˈtoʊtəl ˈmægnəˌtud əv ˈdɪsənəns ɛz biɪŋ ə ˈfəŋkʃən əv "di" dɪˈvaɪdɪd baɪ "di" pləs "si." lɛt ˈjuˈɛs ðɛn si wət kən bi sɛd əˈbaʊt ðə ˈtoʊtəl ˈmægnəˌtud əv ˈdɪsənəns ɪn ə ˈpərsən kriˈeɪtɪd baɪ ðə ˈnɑlɪʤ ðət hi sɛd "nɑt ɛks" ənd ˈrɪli bɪˈlivz "ɛks." wɪθ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ɛls hɛld ˈkɑnstənt, ðɪs ˈtoʊtəl ˈmægnəˌtud əv ˈdɪsənəns wʊd ˈdiˌkris ɛz ðə ˈnəmbər ənd ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ðə ˈprɛʃərz wɪʧ ˌɪnˈdust ɪm tɪ seɪ "nɑt ɛks" ˌɪnˈkrist. ðəs, ɪf ðə ˈoʊvərt bɪˈheɪvjər wɑz brɔt əˈbaʊt baɪ, seɪ, ˈɔfərz əv rɪˈwɔrd ər θrɛts əv ˈpənɪʃmənt, ðə ˈmægnəˌtud əv ˈdɪsənəns ɪz ˈmæksəməl ɪf ðiz ˈprɑməst rɪˈwɔrdz ər θˈrɛtənd ˈpənɪʃmənts wər ʤɪst ˈbɛrli səˈfɪʃənt tɪ ˌɪnˈdus ðə ˈpərsən tɪ seɪ "nɑt ɛks." frəm ðɪs pɔɪnt ɔn, ɛz ðə ˈprɑməst rɪˈwɔrdz ər θˈrɛtənd ˈpənɪʃmənt bɪˈkəm ˈlɑrʤər, ðə ˈmægnəˌtud əv ˈdɪsənəns bɪˈkəmz sˈmɔlər. 4 wən weɪ ɪn wɪʧ ðə ˈdɪsənəns kən bi rɪˈdust ɪz fər ðə ˈpərsən tɪ ʧeɪnʤ hɪz ˈpraɪvət əˈpɪnjən soʊ ɛz tɪ brɪŋ ɪt ˈɪntu ˌkɔrəˈspɑndəns wɪθ wət hi həz sɛd. wən wʊd ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛntli ɪkˈspɛkt tɪ əbˈzərv səʧ əˈpɪnjən ʧeɪnʤ ˈæftər ə ˈpərsən həz bɪn fɔrst ər ˌɪnˈdust tɪ seɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ hɪz ˈpraɪvət əˈpɪnjən. ˈfərðərˌmɔr, sɪns ðə ˈprɛʃər tɪ rɪˈdus ˈdɪsənəns wɪl bi ə ˈfəŋkʃən əv ðə ˈmægnəˌtud əv ðə ˈdɪsənəns, ðə əbˈzərvd əˈpɪnjən ʧeɪnʤ ʃʊd bi ˈgreɪtəst wɪn ðə ˈprɛʃər juzd tɪ ɪˈlɪsɪt ðə ˈoʊvərt bɪˈheɪvjər ɪz ʤɪst səˈfɪʃənt tɪ du ɪt. ðə ˈprɛzənt ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɑz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ tɛst ðɪs ˌdɛrəˈveɪʃən ˈəndər kənˈtroʊld, ˈlæbrəˌtɔri kənˈdɪʃənz. ɪn ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wi ˈvɛrid ðə əˈmaʊnt əv rɪˈwɔrd juzd tɪ fɔrs ˈpərsənz tɪ meɪk ə ˈsteɪtmənt ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ ðɛr ˈpraɪvət vjuz. ðə priˈdɪkʃən [frəm 3 ənd 4 əˈbəv] ɪz ðət ðə ˈlɑrʤər ðə rɪˈwɔrd ˈgɪvɪn tɪ ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt, ðə sˈmɔlər wɪl bi ðə ˈsəbsəkwənt əˈpɪnjən ʧeɪnʤ. prəˈsiʤər meɪl ˈstudənts ɪn ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəktəri saɪˈkɑləʤi kɔrs æt ˈstænfərd ˌjunəˈvərsəti wər juzd ɪn ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. ɪn ðɪs kɔrs, ˈstudənts ər rikˈwaɪərd tɪ spɛnd ə ˈsərtən ˈnəmbər əv aʊərz ɛz ˈsəbʤɪkts (ss*) ɪn ɪkˈspɛrəmənts. ðeɪ ʧuz əˈməŋ ðə əˈveɪləbəl ɪkˈspɛrəmənts baɪ ˈsaɪnɪŋ ðɛr neɪmz ɔn ə ʃit ˈpoʊstɪd ɔn ðə ˈbʊlɪtən bɔrd wɪʧ steɪts ðə ˈneɪʧər əv ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. ðə ˈprɛzənt ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɑz ˈlɪstɪd ɛz ə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ˈdilɪŋ wɪθ "ˈmɛʒərz əv pərˈfɔrməns." ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fərst wik əv ðə kɔrs, wɪn ðə rɪkˈwaɪrmənt əv ˈsərvɪŋ ɪn ɪkˈspɛrəmənts wɑz əˈnaʊnst ənd ɪkˈspleɪnd tɪ ðə ˈstudənts, ðə ˌɪnˈstrəktər ˈɔlsoʊ toʊld ðɛm əˈbaʊt ə ˈstədi ðət saɪˈkɑləʤi dɪˈpɑrtmənt wɑz kənˈdəktɪŋ. hi ɪkˈspleɪnd ðət, sɪns ðeɪ wər rikˈwaɪərd tɪ sərv ɪn ɪkˈspɛrəmənts, ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt wɑz kənˈdəktɪŋ ə ˈstədi tɪ ɪˈvæljuˌeɪt ðiz ɪkˈspɛrəmənts ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ bi ˈeɪbəl tɪ ˌɪmˈpruv ðɛm ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər. ðeɪ wər toʊld ðət ə ˈsæmpəl əv ˈstudənts wʊd bi ˈɪntərvˌjud ˈæftər ˈhævɪŋ sərvd ɛz. ðeɪ wər ərʤd tɪ kˈwɑpərˌeɪt ɪn ðiz ˈɪntərvˌjuz baɪ biɪŋ kəmˈplitli ənd ˈɑnəst. ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ðɪs əˈnaʊnsmɛnt wɪl bɪˈkəm klɪr ˈʃɔrtli. ɪt ɪˈneɪbəld ˈjuˈɛs tɪ ˈmɛʒər ðə əˈpɪnjənz əv ɑr ɪn ə ˈkɑntɛkst nɑt dɪˈrɛkli kəˈnɛktɪd wɪθ ɑr ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ənd ɪn wɪʧ wi kʊd ˈrizənəbli ɪkˈspɛkt fræŋk ənd ˈɑnəst ɪkˈsprɛʃənz əv əˈpɪnjən. wɪn ðə ɛs əraɪvd fər ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ɔn "ˈmɛʒərz əv pərˈfɔrməns" hi hæd tɪ weɪt fər ə fju ˈmɪnəts ɪn ðə ˈsɛkrəˌtɛriz ˈɔfəs. ðə ɪkˈspɛrəˌmɛntər (i) ðɛn keɪm ɪn, ˌɪntrəˈdusɪŋ hɪmˈsɛlf tɪ ðə ɛs ənd, təˈgɛðər, ðeɪ wɔkt ˈɪntu ðə ˈlæbrəˌtɔri rum wɛr ðə i sɛd: ðɪs ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ˈjuʒəwəli teɪks ə ˈlɪtəl ˈoʊvər ən aʊər bət, əv kɔrs, wi hæd tɪ ˈskɛʤʊl ɪt fər tu aʊərz. sɪns wi hæv ðət ˈɛkstrə taɪm, ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəktəri saɪˈkɑləʤi ˈpipəl æst ɪf ðeɪ kʊd ˈɪntərvˌju səm ɑr ˈsəbʤɪkts. [ˈɔfˈhænd ənd conversationally*.] dɪd ðeɪ əˈnaʊns ðət ɪn klæs? aɪ ˈgæðər ðət ðɛr ˈɪntərvˌjuɪŋ səm ˈpipəl hu hæv bɪn ɪn ɪkˈspɛrəmənts. aɪ doʊnt noʊ məʧ əˈbaʊt ɪt. ˈɛniˌhaʊ, ðeɪ meɪ wɔnt tɪ ˈɪntərvˌju ju wɪn jʊr θru hir. wɪθ noʊ ˈfərðər ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən ər ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən ðə ɛs wɑz ʃoʊn ðə fərst tæsk, wɪʧ ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ˈpʊtɪŋ 12 ˈɔntu ə treɪ, ˈɛmtiɪŋ ðə treɪ, ɪt wɪθ, ənd soʊ ɔn. hi wɑz toʊld tɪ juz wən hænd ənd tɪ wərk æt hɪz oʊn spid. hi dɪd ðɪs fər aʊər. ðə i ðɛn riˈmuvd ðə treɪ ənd ənd pleɪst ɪn frənt əv ðə ɛs ə bɔrd kənˈteɪnɪŋ 48 skwɛr pɛgz. hɪz tæsk wɑz tɪ tərn iʧ pɛg ə kˈwɔrtər tərn ˈklɑkˌwaɪz, ðɛn əˈnəðər kˈwɔrtər tərn, ənd soʊ ɔn. hi wɑz toʊld əˈgɛn tɪ juz wən bænd ənd tɪ wərk æt hɪz oʊn spid. ðə ɛs wərkt æt ðɪs tæsk fər əˈnəðər hæf aʊər. waɪl ðə ɛs wɑz ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ðiz tæsks ðə i sæt, wɪθ ə stɑp wɔʧ ɪn hɪz hænd, ˈbɪzəli ˈmeɪkɪŋ noʊˈteɪʃənz ɔn ə ʃit əv ˈpeɪpər. hi dɪd soʊ ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ meɪk ɪt kənˈvɪnsɪŋ ðət ðɪs wɑz [pi. 205 wət i wɑz ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn ənd ðət ðiz tæsks, ənd haʊ ðə ɛs wərkt ɔn ðɛm, wɑz ðə ˈtoʊtəl ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. frəm ɑr pɔɪnt əv vju ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt hæd ˈhɑrdli ˈstɑrtɪd. ðə aʊər wɪʧ ðə ɛs spɛnt ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ðə rɪˈpɛtɪtɪv, məˈnɑtənəs tæsks wɑz ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ prəˈvaɪd, fər iʧ ɛs ˈjunəˌfɔrmli, ən ɪkˈspɪriəns əˈbaʊt wɪʧ hi wʊd hæv ə ˈsəmˈwət ˈnɛgətɪv əˈpɪnjən ˈæftər ðə hæf aʊər ɔn ðə ˈsɛkənd tæsk wɑz ˈoʊvər, ðə i kənˈspɪkjuəsli sɛt ðə stɑp wɔʧ bæk tɪ ˈziroʊ, pʊt ɪt əˈweɪ, pʊʃt hɪz ʧɛr bæk, lɪt ə ˌsɪgəˈrɛt, ənd sɛd: o.k*. wɛl, ðæts ɔl wi hæv ɪn ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ˌɪtˈsɛlf. aɪd laɪk tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn wət ðɪs həz bɪn ɔl əˈbaʊt soʊ jul hæv səm aɪˈdiə əv waɪ ju wər duɪŋ ðɪs. [i ˈpɔzɪz.] wɛl, ðə weɪ ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ɪz sɛt əp ɪz ðɪs. ðɛr ər ˈæˌkʧuəli tu grups ɪn ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. ɪn wən, ðə grup ju wər ɪn, wi brɪŋ ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt ɪn ənd gɪv ɪm ɛˈsɛnʃəli noʊ ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən tɪ ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. ðət ɪz, ɔl wi tɛl ɪm ɪz wət hi nidz tɪ noʊ ɪn ˈɔrdər tɪ du ðə tæsks, ənd hi həz noʊ aɪˈdiə əv wət ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ɪz ɔl əˈbaʊt, ər wət ɪts goʊɪŋ tɪ bi laɪk, ər ˈɛniˌθɪŋ laɪk ðət. bət ɪn ðə ˈəðər grup, wi hæv ə ˈstudənt ðət wiv haɪərd ðət wərks fər ˈjuˈɛs ˈrɛgjələrli, ənd wət aɪ du ɪz teɪk ɪm ˈɪntu ðə nɛkst rum wɛr ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt ɪz ˈweɪtɪŋ ðə seɪm rum ju wər ˈweɪtɪŋ ɪn ˌbiˈfɔr ənd aɪ ˌɪntrəˈdus ɪm ɛz ɪf hi hæd ʤɪst ˈfɪnɪʃt biɪŋ ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt ɪn ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. ðət ɪz, aɪ seɪ: "ðɪs ɪz so-and-so*, hu ʤɪst ˈfɪnɪʃt ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt, ənd aɪv æst ɪm tɪ tɛl ju ə ˈlɪtəl əv wət ɪts əˈbaʊt ˌbiˈfɔr ju stɑrt. ðə ˈfɛloʊ hu wərks fər ˈjuˈɛs ðɛn, ɪn ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɪθ ðə nɛkst ˈsəbʤɪkt, meɪks ðiz pɔɪnts: [ðə i ðɛn prəˈdust ə ʃit ˈhɛdɪd "fər grup bi" wɪʧ hæd ˈrɪtən ɔn ɪt: ɪt wɑz ˈvɛri ˌɛnˈʤɔɪəbəl, aɪ hæd ə lɔt əv fən, aɪ ˌɛnˈʤɔɪd ˌmaɪˈsɛlf, ɪt wɑz ˈvɛri ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ, ɪt wɑz ˌɪnˈtrigɪŋ, ɪt wɑz ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ. ðə i ʃoʊd ðɪs tɪ ðə ɛs ənd ðɛn prəˈsidəd wɪθ hɪz fɔls ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən əv ðə ˈpərpəs əv ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt.] naʊ, əv kɔrs, wi hæv ðɪs ˈstudənt du ðɪs, bɪˈkəz ɪf ðə ɪkˈspɛrəˌmɛntər dɪz ɪt, ɪt ˈdəzənt lʊk ɛz ˌriəˈlɪstɪk, ənd wət wɪr ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪd ɪn duɪŋ ɪz kəmˈpɛrɪŋ haʊ ðiz tu grups du ɔn ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ðə wən wɪθ ðɪs ˈpriviəs ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃən əˈbaʊt ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt, ənd ðə ˈəðər, laɪk ˈjɔrsɛlf, wɪθ ɛˈsɛnʃəli nən. əp tɪ ðɪs pɔɪnt ðə prəˈsiʤər wɑz aɪˈdɛntɪkəl fər ɪn ɔl kənˈdɪʃənz. frəm ðɪs pɔɪnt ɔn ðeɪ daɪˈvərʤd ˈsəmˈwət. θri kənˈdɪʃənz wər rən, kənˈtroʊl, wən ˈdɔlər, ənd tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlərz ɛz ˈfɑloʊz: kənˈtroʊl kənˈdɪʃən ðə i kənˈtɪnjud: ɪz ðət ˈfɛrli klɪr? [pɔz.] lʊk, ðət ˈfɛloʊ [lʊks æt wɔʧ] aɪ wɑz ˈtɛlɪŋ ju əˈbaʊt frəm ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəktəri saɪˈkɑləʤi klæs sɛd hi wʊd gɪt hir ə ˈkəpəl əv ˈmɪnəts frəm naʊ. wʊd ju maɪnd ˈweɪtɪŋ tɪ si ɪf hi wɔnts tɪ tɔk tɪ ju? faɪn. waɪ doʊnt wi goʊ ˈɪntu ðə ˈəðər rum tɪ weɪt? [ðə i lɛft ðə ɛs ɪn ðə ˈsɛkrəˌtɛriz ˈɔfəs fər fɔr ˈmɪnəts. hi ðɛn rɪˈtərnd ənd ˈoʊˈkeɪ. lɛts ʧɛk ənd si ɪf hi dɪz wɔnt tɪ tɔk tɪ ju. wən ənd tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃənz ðə i kənˈtɪnjud: ɪz ðət ˈfɛrli klɪr haʊ ɪt ɪz sɛt əp ənd wət wɪr traɪɪŋ tɪ du? [pɔz.] naʊ, aɪ ˈɔlsoʊ hæv ə sɔrt əv streɪnʤ θɪŋ tɪ æsk ju. ðə θɪŋ ɪz ðɪs [lɔŋ pɔz, səm kənfˈjuʒən ənd ənˈsərtənti ɪn ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ, wɪθ ə dɪˈgri əv ɪmˈbɛrəsmənt ɔn ðə pɑrt əv ðə i. ðə ˈmɛrənər əv ðə i kənˈtræstəd ˈstrɔŋli wɪθ ðə priˈsidɪŋ ənd əˈʃʊrd fɔls ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən əv ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. ðə pɔɪnt wɑz tɪ meɪk ɪt sim tɪ ðə ɛs ðət ðɪs wɑz ðə fərst taɪm i hæd dən ðɪs ənd ðət hi fɛlt ənˈʃʊr əv hɪmˈsɛlf.] ðə ˈfɛloʊ hu ˈnɔrməli dɪz ðɪs fər ˈjuˈɛs ˈkʊdənt du ɪt təˈdeɪ hi ʤɪst foʊnd ɪn, ənd ˈsəmθɪŋ ər ˈəðər keɪm əp fər ɪm soʊ wiv bɪn ˈlʊkɪŋ əraʊnd fər ˈsəmˌwən ðət wi kʊd haɪər tɪ du ɪt fər ˈjuˈɛs. ju si, wiv gɑt əˈnəðər ˈsəbʤɪkt ˈweɪtɪŋ [lʊks æt wɔʧ] hu ɪz səˈpoʊzd tɪ bi ɪn ðət ˈəðər kənˈdɪʃən. naʊ prəˈfɛsər hu ɪz ɪn ʧɑrʤ əv ðɪs ɪkˈspɛrəmənt, səˈʤɛstɪd ðət pərˈhæps wi kʊd teɪk ə ʧæns ɔn jʊr duɪŋ ɪt fər ˈjuˈɛs. aɪl tɛl ju wət wi hæd ɪn maɪnd: ðə θɪŋ ɪz, ɪf ju kʊd du ɪt fər ˈjuˈɛs naʊ, ðɛn əv kɔrs ju wʊd noʊ haʊ tɪ du ɪt, ənd ɪf ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk ðɪs ʃʊd ˈɛvər kəm əp əˈgɛn, ðət ɪz, ðə ˈrɛgjələr ˈfɛloʊ ˈkʊdənt meɪk ɪt, ənd wi hæd ə ˈsəbʤɪkt ˈskɛʤʊld, ɪt wʊd bi ˈvɛri ˌriəˈʃʊrɪŋ tɪ ˈjuˈɛs tɪ noʊ ðət wi hæd ˈsəmˌbɑdi ɛls wi kʊd kɔl ɔn hu nu haʊ tɪ du ɪt. soʊ, ɪf ju wʊd bi ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ du ðɪs fər ˈjuˈɛs, wid laɪk tɪ haɪər ju tɪ du ɪt naʊ ənd ðɛn bi ɔn kɔl ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər, ɪf ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk ðɪs ʃʊd ˈɛvər ˈhæpən əˈgɛn. wi kən peɪ ju ə ˈdɔlər (tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlərz) fər duɪŋ ðɪs fər ˈjuˈɛs ðət ɪz, fər duɪŋ ɪt naʊ ənd ðɛn biɪŋ ɔn kɔl. du ju θɪŋk ju kʊd du ðət fər ˈjuˈɛs? ɪf ðə ɛs ˈhɛzɪˌteɪtɪd, ðə i sɛd θɪŋz laɪk, "ɪt wɪl ˈoʊnli teɪk ə fju ˈmɪnəts," "ðə ˈrɛgjələr ˈpərsən ɪz ˈprɪti rɪˈlaɪəbəl; ðɪs ɪz ðə fərst taɪm hi həz mɪst," ər "ɪf wi ˈnidɪd ju wi kʊd foʊn ju ə deɪ ər tu ɪn ədˈvæns; ɪf ju ˈkʊdənt meɪk ɪt əv kɔrs, wi ˈwʊdənt ɪkˈspɛkt ju tɪ kəm." ˈæftər ðə ɛs əˈgrid tɪ du ɪt, ðə i geɪv ɪm ðə ˈpriviəsli ˈmɛnʃənd ʃit əv ˈpeɪpər ˈhɛdɪd "fər grup bi" ənd æst ɪm tɪ rɛd ɪt θru əˈgɛn. ðə i ðɛn peɪd ðə ɛs wən ˈdɔlər (tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlərz), meɪd aʊt ə rɪˈsit fɔrm, ənd æst ðə ɛs tɪ saɪn ɪt. hi ðɛn sɛd: ˈoʊˈkeɪ., ðə weɪ wɪl du ɪt ɪz ðɪs. ɛz aɪ sɛd, ðə nɛkst ˈsəbʤɪkt ʃʊd bi baɪ naʊ. aɪ θɪŋk ðə nɛkst wən ɪz ə gərl. aɪl teɪk ju ˈɪntu ðə nɛkst rum ənd ˌɪntrəˈdus ju tɪ hər, seɪɪŋ ðət juv ʤɪst ˈfɪnɪʃt ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ənd ðət wiv æst ju tɪ tɛl hər ə ˈlɪtəl əˈbaʊt ɪt. ənd wət wi wɔnt ju tɪ du ɪz ʤɪst sɪt daʊn ənd gɪt ˈɪntu ə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən wɪθ hər ənd traɪ tɪ gɪt [pi. 206 əˈkrɔs ðə pɔɪnts ɔn ðət ʃit əv ˈpeɪpər. aɪl liv ju əˈloʊn ənd kəm bæk ˈæftər ə ˈkəpəl əv ˈmɪnəts. o.k*.? ðə i ðɛn tʊk ðə ɛs ˈɪntu ðə ˈsɛkrəˌtɛriz ˈɔfəs wɛr hi hæd ˈpriviəsli ˈweɪtɪd ənd wɛr ðə nɛkst ɛs wɑz ˈweɪtɪŋ. (ðə ˈsɛkrəˌtɛri hæd lɛft ðə ˈɔfəs.) hi ˌɪntrəˈdust ðə gərl ənd ðə ɛs tɪ wən əˈnəðər seɪɪŋ ðət ðə ɛs hæd ʤɪst ˈfɪnɪʃt ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ənd wʊd tɛl hər ˈsəmθɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪt. hi ðɛn lɛft seɪɪŋ hi wʊd rɪˈtərn ɪn ə ˈkəpəl əv ˈmɪnəts. ðə gərl, ən ˌəndərˈgræʤəwət haɪərd fər ðɪs roʊl, sɛd ˈlɪtəl ənˈtɪl ðə ɛs meɪd səm ˈpɑzətɪv rɪˈmɑrks əˈbaʊt ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ənd ðɛn sɛd ðət ʃi wɑz səˈpraɪzd bɪˈkəz ə frɛnd əv hərz hæd ˈteɪkən ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ðə wik ˌbiˈfɔr ənd hæd toʊld hər ðət ɪt wɑz ˈbɔrɪŋ ənd ðət ʃi ɔt tɪ traɪ tɪ gɪt aʊt əv ɪt. moʊst rɪˈspɑndɪd baɪ seɪɪŋ ˈsəmθɪŋ laɪk "oʊ, noʊ, ɪts ˈrɪli ˈvɛri ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ. əm ʃʊr jul ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ɪt." ðə gərl, ˈæftər ðɪs ˈlɪsənd kˈwaɪətli, əkˈsɛptɪŋ ənd əˈgriɪŋ tɪ ˈɛvriˌθɪŋ ðə ɛs toʊld hər. ðə dɪˈskəʃən bɪtˈwin ðə ɛs ənd ðə gərl wɑz rɪˈkɔrdɪd ɔn ə ˈhɪdən teɪp rɪˈkɔrdər. ˈæftər tu ˈmɪnəts ðə i rɪˈtərnd, æst ðə gərl tɪ goʊ ˈɪntu ðə ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl rum, θæŋkt ðə ɛs fər ˈtɔkɪŋ tɪ ðə gərl, roʊt daʊn hɪz foʊn ˈnəmbər tɪ kənˈtɪnju ðə ˈfɪkʃən ðət wi maɪt kɔl ɔn ɪm əˈgɛn ɪn ðə fˈjuʧər ənd ðɛn sɛd: "lʊk, kʊd wi ʧɛk ənd si ɪf ðət ˈfɛloʊ frəm ˌɪntrəˈdəktəri saɪˈkɑləʤi wɔnts tɪ tɔk tɪ ju?" frəm ðɪs pɔɪnt ɔn, ðə prəˈsiʤər fər ɔl θri kənˈdɪʃənz wɑz wəns mɔr aɪˈdɛntɪkəl. ɛz ðə i ənd ðə ɛs ˈstɑrtɪd tɪ wɔk tɪ ðə ˈɔfəs wɛr ðə ˈɪntərvˌjuər wɑz, ðə i sɛd: "θæŋks ˈvɛri məʧ fər ˈwərkɪŋ ɔn ðoʊz tæsks fər ˈjuˈɛs. aɪ hoʊp ju dɪd ˌɛnˈʤɔɪ ɪt. moʊst əv ɑr ˈsəbʤɪkts tɛl ˈjuˈɛs ˈæftərwərd ðət ðeɪ faʊnd ɪt kwaɪt ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ju gɪt ə ʧæns tɪ si haʊ ju riækt tɪ ðə tæsks ənd soʊ fɔrθ." ðɪs ʃɔrt pərsˈweɪsɪv kəmˌjunəˈkeɪʃən wɑz meɪd ɪn ɔl kənˈdɪʃənz ɪn ɪgˈzæktli ðə seɪm weɪ. ðə ˈrizən fər duɪŋ ɪt, ˌθiərˈɛtɪkəli, wɑz tɪ meɪk ɪt ˈiziər fər ˈɛniˌwən hu ˈwɔntɪd tɪ pərsˈweɪd hɪmˈsɛlf ðət ðə tæsks hæd bɪn, ˌɪnˈdid, ˌɛnˈʤɔɪəbəl. wɪn ðeɪ əraɪvd æt ðə ˈɔfəs, ðə i æst ðə ˈɪntərvˌjuər ˈwɛðər ər nɑt hi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ tɔk tɪ ðə ɛs. ðə ˈɪntərvˌjuər sɛd jɛs, ðə i ʃʊk hænz wɪθ ðə ɛs, sɛd ˈgʊdˌbaɪ, ənd lɛft. ðə ˈɪntərvˌjuər, əv kɔrs, wɑz ˈɔlˌweɪz kɛpt ɪn kəmˈplit ˈɪgnərəns əv wɪʧ kənˈdɪʃən ðə ɛs wɑz ɪn. ðə ˈɪntərvˌju kənˈsɪstɪd əv fɔr kˈwɛsʧənz, ɔn iʧ əv wɪʧ ðə ɛs wɑz fərst ɪnˈkərəʤd tɪ tɔk əˈbaʊt ðə ˈmætər ənd wɑz ðɛn æst tɪ reɪt hɪz əˈpɪnjən ər riˈækʃən ɔn ən skeɪl. ðə kˈwɛsʧənz ər ɛz ˈfɑloʊz: 1 wər ðə tæsks ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ənd ˌɛnˈʤɔɪəbəl? ɪn wət weɪ? ɪn wət weɪ wər ðeɪ nɑt? wʊd ju reɪt haʊ ju fil əˈbaʊt ðɛm ɔn ə skeɪl frəm 5 tɪ 5 wɛr 5 minz ðeɪ wər ɪkˈstrimli dəl ənd ˈbɔrɪŋ, 5 minz ðeɪ wər ɪkˈstrimli ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ənd ˌɛnˈʤɔɪəbəl, ənd ˈziroʊ minz ðeɪ wər ˈnutrəl, ˈniðər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ nɔr əˈnɪntrəstɪŋ. 2 dɪd ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt gɪv ju ən ˌɑpərˈtunəti tɪ lərn əˈbaʊt jʊr oʊn əˈbɪləˌti tɪ pərˈfɔrm ðiz tæsks? ɪn wət weɪ? ɪn wət weɪ nɑt? wʊd ju reɪt haʊ ju fil əˈbaʊt ðɪs ɔn ə skeɪl frəm 0 tɪ 10 wɛr 0 minz ju ˈlərnɪd ˈnəθɪŋ ənd 10 minz ju ˈlərnɪd ə greɪt dil. 3 frəm wət ju noʊ əˈbaʊt ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ənd ðə tæsks ˌɪnˈvɑlvd ɪn ɪt, wʊd ju seɪ ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɑz ˈmɛʒərɪŋ ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt? ðət ɪz, du ju θɪŋk ðə rɪˈzəlts meɪ hæv ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈvælju? ɪn wət weɪ? ɪn wət weɪ nɑt? wʊd ju reɪt jʊr əˈpɪnjən ɔn ðɪs ˈmætər ɔn ə skeɪl frəm 0 tɪ 10 wɛr 0 minz ðə rɪˈzəlts hæv noʊ ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈvælju ər ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns ənd 10 minz ðeɪ hæv ə greɪt dil əv ˈvælju ənd ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns. 4 wʊd ju hæv ˈɛni dɪˈzaɪər tɪ pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ɪn əˈnəðər ˈsɪmələr ɪkˈspɛrəmənt? waɪ? waɪ nɑt? wʊd ju reɪt jʊr dɪˈzaɪər tɪ pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ɪn ə ˈsɪmələr ɪkˈspɛrəmənt əˈgɛn ɔn ə skeɪl frəm 5 tɪ 5 wɛr 5 minz ju wʊd ˈdɛfənətli dɪsˈlaɪk tɪ pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt, 5 minz ju wʊd ˈdɛfənətli laɪk tɪ pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt, ənd 0 minz ju hæv noʊ ˌpɑˈtɪkjələr ˈfilɪŋ əˈbaʊt ɪt wən weɪ ər ðə ˈəðər. ɛz meɪ bi sin, ðə kˈwɛsʧənz ˈvɛrid ɪn haʊ dɪˈrɛkli ˈrɛləvənt ðeɪ wər tɪ wət ðə ɛs hæd toʊld ðə gərl. ðɪs pɔɪnt wɪl bi dɪˈskəst ˈfərðər ɪn kəˈnɛkʃən wɪθ ðə rɪˈzəlts. æt ðə kloʊz əv ðə ˈɪntərvˌju ðə ɛs wɑz æst wət hi θɔt ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɑz əˈbaʊt ənd, ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ðɪs, wɑz æst dɪˈrɛkli ˈwɛðər ər nɑt hi wɑz səˈspɪʃəs əv ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ənd, ɪf soʊ, wət hi wɑz səˈspɪʃəs əv. wɪn ðə ˈɪntərvˌju wɑz ˈoʊvər, ðə ˈɪntərvˌjuər brɔt ðə ɛs bæk tɪ ðə ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl rum wɛr ðə i wɑz ˈweɪtɪŋ təˈgɛðər wɪθ ðə gərl hu hæd poʊzd ɛz ðə ˈweɪtɪŋ ɛs. (ɪn ðə kənˈtroʊl kənˈdɪʃən, əv kɔrs, ðə gərl wɑz nɑt ðɛr.) ðə tru ˈpərpəs əv ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɑz ðɛn ɪkˈspleɪnd tɪ ðə ɛs ɪn ˈditeɪl, ənd ðə ˈrizənz fər iʧ əv ðə ˈvɛriəs stɛps ɪn ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wər ɪkˈspleɪnd ˈkɛrfəli ɪn riˈleɪʃən tɪ ðə tru ˈpərpəs. ɔl ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ɪn boʊθ wən ˈdɔlər ənd tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃənz wər æst, ˈæftər ðɪs ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən, tɪ rɪˈtərn ðə ˈməni ðeɪ hæd [pi. 207 bɪn ˈgɪvɪn. ɔl, wɪˈθaʊt ɪkˈsɛpʃən, wər kwaɪt ˈwɪlɪŋ tɪ rɪˈtərn ðə ˈməni. ðə ˈdætə frəm 11 əv ðə 71 ɪn ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt hæd tɪ bi dɪˈskɑrdɪd fər ðə ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ˈrizənz: 1 faɪv (θri ɪn ðə wən ˈdɔlər ənd tu ɪn ðə tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən) ˈɪndəˌkeɪtɪd ɪn ðə ˈɪntərvˌju ðət ðeɪ wər səˈspɪʃəs əˈbaʊt ˈhævɪŋ bɪn peɪd tɪ tɛl ðə gərl ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɑz fən ənd səˈspɛktɪd ðət ðət wɑz ðə ril ˈpərpəs əv ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. 2 tu (boʊθ ɪn ðə wən ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən) toʊld ðə gərl ðət ðeɪ hæd bɪn haɪərd, ðət ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɑz ˈrɪli ˈbɔrɪŋ bət ðeɪ wər səˈpoʊzd tɪ seɪ ɪt wɑz fən. 3 θri (wən ɪn ðə wən ˈdɔlər ənd tu ɪn ðə tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən) rɪfˈjuzd tɪ teɪk ðə ˈməni ənd rɪfˈjuzd tɪ bi haɪərd. 4 wən ɛs (ɪn ðə wən ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən), ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli ˈæftər ˈhævɪŋ tɔkt tɪ ðə gərl, dɪˈmændɪd hər foʊn ˈnəmbər seɪɪŋ hi wʊd kɔl hər ənd ɪkˈspleɪn θɪŋz, ənd ˈɔlsoʊ toʊld ðə i hi ˈwɔntɪd tɪ weɪt ənˈtɪl ʃi wɑz ˈfɪnɪʃt soʊ hi kʊd tɛl hər əˈbaʊt ɪt. ðiz 11 wər, əv kɔrs, rən θru ðə ˈtoʊtəl ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ˈɛniˌhaʊ ənd ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɑz ɪkˈspleɪnd tɪ ðɛm ˈæftərwərdz. ðɛr ˈdætə, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ər nɑt ˌɪnˈkludɪd ɪn ðə æˈnælɪsɪs. ˈsəməri əv dɪˈzaɪn ðɛr rɪˈmeɪn, fər æˈnælɪsɪs, 20 ɪn iʧ əv ðə ði kənˈdɪʃənz. lɛt ˈjuˈɛs ˌrivˈju ðiz ˈbrifli: 1 kənˈtroʊl kənˈdɪʃən. ðiz wər ˈtritɪd ɪn ɔl rɪˈspɛkts tɪ ðə ɪn ðə ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl kənˈdɪʃənz, ɪkˈsɛpt ðət ðeɪ wər ˈnɛvər æst tɪ, ənd ˈnɛvər dɪd, tɛl ðə ˈweɪtɪŋ gərl ðət ðə ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl tæsks wər ˌɛnˈʤɔɪəbəl ənd lɑts əv fən. 2 wən ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən. ðiz wər haɪərd fər wən ˈdɔlər tɪ tɛl ə ˈweɪtɪŋ ɛs ðət tæsks, wɪʧ wər ˈrɪli ˈrəðər dəl ənd ˈbɔrɪŋ, wər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ, enjoyab1e*, ənd lɑts əv fən. 3 tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən. ðiz wər haɪərd fər tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlərz tɪ du ðə seɪm θɪŋ. rɪˈzəlts ðə ˈmeɪʤər rɪˈzəlts əv ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ər ˈsəmərˌaɪzd ɪn ˈteɪbəl 1 wɪʧ lɪsts, ˈsɛpərətli fər iʧ əv ðə θri ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl kənˈdɪʃənz, ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈreɪtɪŋ wɪʧ ðə geɪv æt ðə ɛnd əv iʧ kˈwɛʃən ɔn ðə ˈɪntərvˌju. wi wɪl dɪˈskəs iʧ əv ðə kˈwɛsʧənz ɔn ðə ˈɪntərvˌju ˈsɛpərətli, bɪˈkəz ðeɪ wər ˌɪnˈtɛndɪd tɪ ˈmɛʒər ˈdɪfərənt θɪŋz. wən ˈəðər pɔɪnt ˌbiˈfɔr wi pərˈsid tɪ ɪgˈzæmɪn ðə ˈdætə. ɪn ɔl ðə kəmˈpɛrəsənz, ðə kənˈtroʊl kənˈdɪʃən ʃʊd bi rɪˈgɑrdɪd ɛz ə ˈbeɪsˌlaɪn frəm wɪʧ tɪ ɪˈvæljuˌeɪt ðə rɪˈzəlts ɪn ðə ˈəðər tu kənˈdɪʃənz. ðə kənˈtroʊl kənˈdɪʃən gɪvz ˈjuˈɛs, ɛˈsɛnʃəli, ðə riˈækʃənz əv tɪ ðə tæsks ənd ðɛr əˈpɪnjənz əˈbaʊt ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ɛz ˈfɔlsli ɪkˈspleɪnd tɪ ðɛm, wɪˈθaʊt ðə ɪkˌspɛrɪˈmɛntəl ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən əv ˈdɪsənəns. ðə ˈdætə frəm ðə ˈəðər kənˈdɪʃənz meɪ bi vjud, ɪn ə sɛns, ɛz ˈʧeɪnʤɪz frəm ðɪs ˈbeɪsˌlaɪn. haʊ ˌɛnˈʤɔɪəbəl ðə tæsks wər ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈreɪtɪŋz ɔn ðɪs kˈwɛʃən, pərˈzɛnəd ɪn ðə fərst roʊ əv ˈfɪgjərz ɪn ˈteɪbəl 1 ər ðə rɪˈzəlts moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. ðiz rɪˈzəlts ər ðə wənz moʊst dɪˈrɛkli ˈrɛləvənt tɪ ðə spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈdɪsənəns wɪʧ wi ɪkˌspɛrəˈmɛntəli kriˈeɪtɪd ɪt wɪl bi rɪˈkɔld ðət ðə tæsks wər ˈpərpəsli əreɪnʤd tɪ bi ˈrəðər ˈbɔrɪŋ ənd məˈnɑtənəs. ənd, ˌɪnˈdid, ɪn ðə kənˈtroʊl kənˈdɪʃən ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈreɪtɪŋ wɑz 45 ˈsəmˈwət ɔn ðə ˈnɛgətɪv saɪd əv ðə ˈnutrəl pɔɪnt. ɪn ðə ˈəðər tu kənˈdɪʃənz, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ðə toʊld ˈsəmˌwən ðət ðiz tæsks wər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ənd enjoyab1e*. ðə rɪˈzəltɪŋ ˈdɪsənəns kʊd, əv kɔrs, moʊst dɪˈrɛkli bi rɪˈdust baɪ pərsˈweɪdɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz ðət ðə tæsks wər, ˌɪnˈdid, ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ənd ˌɛnˈʤɔɪəbəl. ɪn ðə wən ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən, sɪns ðə ˈmægnəˌtud əv ˈdɪsənəns wɑz haɪ, ðə ˈprɛʃər tɪ rɪˈdus ðɪs ˈdɪsənəns wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ bi haɪ. ɪn ðɪs kənˈdɪʃən, ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈreɪtɪŋ wɑz kənˈsɪdərəbli ɔn ðə ˈpɑzətɪv saɪd ənd sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli ˈdɪfərənt frəm ðə kənˈtroʊl kənˈdɪʃən æt ðə 02 (ti [pi. 208 ɪn ðə tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən, wɛr lɛs ˈdɪsənəns wɑz kriˈeɪtɪd ɪkˌspɛrəˈmɛntəli bɪˈkəz əv ðə ˈgreɪtər ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ðə ˈkɑnsənənt riˈleɪʃənz, ðɛr ɪz ˌkɔrəˈspɑndɪŋli lɛs ˈɛvədəns əv ˈdɪsənəns rɪˈdəkʃən. ðə ˈævərɪʤ ˈreɪtɪŋ ɪn ðɪs kənˈdɪʃən ɪz ˈoʊnli 05 sˈlaɪtli ənd nɑt sɪgˈnɪfɪkəntli haɪər ðən ðə kənˈtroʊl kənˈdɪʃən. ðə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ðə wən ˈdɔlər ənd tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃənz ɪz sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt æt ðə 03 ˈlɛvəl (ti ɪn ʃɔrt, wɪn ən ɛs wɑz ˌɪnˈdust, baɪ ˈɔfər əv rɪˈwɔrd, tɪ seɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ hɪz ˈpraɪvət əˈpɪnjən, ðɪs ˈpraɪvət əˈpɪnjən ˈtɛndɪd tɪ ʧeɪnʤ soʊ ɛz tɪ ˌkɔrəˈspɑnd mɔr ˈkloʊsli wɪθ wət hi hæd sɛd. ðə ˈgreɪtər ðə rɪˈwɔrd ˈɔfərd (bɪɔnd wət wɑz ˈnɛsəˌsɛri tɪ ɪˈlɪsɪt ðə bɪˈheɪvjər) ðə sˈmɔlər wɑz ðə ˈifɛkt. dɪˈzaɪər tɪ pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ɪn ə ˈsɪmələr ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ðə rɪˈzəlts frəm ðɪs kˈwɛʃən ər ʃoʊn ɪn ðə læst roʊ əv ˈteɪbəl 1 ðɪs kˈwɛʃən ɪz lɛs dɪˈrɛkli rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə ˈdɪsənəns ðət wɑz ɪkˌspɛrəˈmɛntəli kriˈeɪtɪd fər ðə. ˈsərtənli, ðə mɔr ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ənd ˌɛnˈʤɔɪəbəl ðeɪ fɛlt ðə tæsks wər, ðə ˈgreɪtər wʊd bi ðɛr dɪˈzaɪər tɪ pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪt ɪn ə ˈsɪmələr ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. bət ˈəðər ˈfæktərz wʊd ˈɛnər ˈɔlsoʊ. hɛns, wən wʊd ɪkˈspɛkt ðə rɪˈzəlts ɔn ðɪs kˈwɛʃən tɪ bi ˈvɛri ˈsɪmələr tɪ ðə rɪˈzəlts ɔn "haʊ ˌɛnˈʤɔɪəbəl ðə tæsks wər" bət ˈwikər. ˈæˌkʧuəli, ðə rɪˈzəlt, ɛz meɪ bi sin ɪn ðə ˈteɪbəl, ər ɪn ɪgˈzæktli ðə seɪm dɪˈrɛkʃɪn, ənd ðə ˈmægnəˌtud əv ðə min ˈdɪfərənsɪz ɪz ˈfʊli ɛz lɑrʤ ɛz ɔn ðə fərst kˈwɛʃən. ðə vɛriəˈbɪlɪti ɪz ˈgreɪtər, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ənd ðə ˈdɪfərənsɪz du nɑt jild haɪ ˈlɛvəlz əv stəˈtɪstɪkəl sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns. ðə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ðə wən ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən ənd ðə kənˈtroʊl kənˈdɪʃən 62 ɪz sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt æt ðə 08 ˈlɛvəl (ti ðə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ðə wən ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən ənd ðə tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən 25 ˈriʧɪz ˈoʊnli ðə 15 ˈlɛvəl əv sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns (ti ðə ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ðɪs kˈwɛʃən wɑz ˌɪnˈkludɪd bɪˈkəz ðɛr wɑz ə ʧæns ðət ˈdɪfərənsɪz maɪt ˈimərʤ. ðɛr ər, ˈæftər ɔl, ˈəðər weɪz ɪn wɪʧ ðə ɪkˌspɛrəˈmɛntəli kriˈeɪtɪd ˈdɪsənəns kʊd bi rɪˈdust. fər ɪgˈzæmpəl, wən weɪ wʊd bi fər ðə ɛs tɪ ˈmægnəˌfaɪ fər hɪmˈsɛlf ðə ˈvælju əv ðə rɪˈwɔrd hi əbˈteɪnd. ðɪs, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, wɑz ənˈlaɪkli ɪn ðɪs ɪkˈspɛrəmənt bɪˈkəz ˈməni wɑz juzd fər ðə rɪˈwɔrd ənd ɪt ɪz ənˈdaʊtɪdli ˈdɪfəkəlt tɪ kənˈvɪns ˌwənˈsɛlf ðət wən ˈdɔlər ɪz mɔr ðən ɪt ˈrɪli ɪz. ðɛr ɪz əˈnəðər ˈpɑsəbəl weɪ, ˌhaʊˈɛvər. ðə wər ˈgɪvɪn ə ˈvɛri gʊd ˈrizən, ɪn əˈdɪʃən tɪ biɪŋ peɪd, fər seɪɪŋ wət ðeɪ dɪd tɪ ðə ˈweɪtɪŋ gərl. ðə wər toʊld ɪt wɑz ˈnɛsəˌsɛri fər ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. ðə ˈdɪsənəns kʊd, ˈkɑnsəkˌwɛntli, bi rɪˈdust baɪ ˈmægnəˌfaɪɪŋ ðə ˌɪmˈpɔrtəns əv ðɪs kɑgˈnɪʃən. ðə mɔr ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪkəli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ðeɪ kənˈsɪdərd ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt tɪ bi, ðə lɛs wɑz ðə ˈtoʊtəl ˈmægnəˌtud əv ˈdɪsənəns. ɪt ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl, ðɛn, ðət ðə rɪˈzəlts ɔn ðɪs kˈwɛʃən, ʃoʊn ɪn ðə θərd roʊ əv ˈfɪgjərz ɪn ˈteɪbəl 1 maɪt rɪˈflɛkt ˈdɪsənəns rɪˈdəkʃən. ðə rɪˈzəlts ər ˈwikli ɪn laɪn wɪθ wət wən wʊd ɪkˈspɛkt ɪf ðə ˈdɪsənəns wər ˈsəmˈwət rɪˈdust ɪn ðɪs ˈmænər. ðə wən ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən ɪz haɪər ðən ðə ˈəðər tu. ðə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ðə wən ənd tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃənz ˈriʧɪz ðə 08 ˈlɛvəl əv sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns ɔn ə tɛst (ti ðə ˈdɪfərəns .bɪtˈwin ðə wən ˈdɔlər ənd kənˈtroʊl kənˈdɪʃənz ɪz nɑt ˌɪmˈprɛsɪv æt ɔl (ti ðə rɪˈzəlt ðət ðə tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən ɪz ˈæˌkʧuəli loʊər ðən ðə kənˈtroʊl kənˈdɪʃən ɪz ənˈdaʊtɪdli ə ˈmætər əv ʧæns (ti haʊ məʧ ðeɪ ˈlərnɪd frəm ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ðə rɪˈzəlts ɔn ðɪs kˈwɛʃən ər ʃoʊn ɪn ðə ˈsɛkənd roʊ əv ˈfɪgjərz ɪn ˈteɪbəl 1 ðə kˈwɛʃən wɑz ˌɪnˈkludɪd bɪˈkəz, ɛz fɑr ɛz wi kʊd si, ɪt hæd ˈnəθɪŋ tɪ du wɪθ ðə ˈdɪsənəns ðət wɑz ɪkˌspɛrəˈmɛntəli kriˈeɪtɪd ənd kʊd nɑt bi juzd fər ˈdɪsənəns rɪˈdəkʃən. wən wʊd ðɛn ɪkˈspɛkt noʊ ˈdɪfərənsɪz æt ɔl əˈməŋ ðə θri kənˈdɪʃənz. wi fɛlt ɪt wɑz ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ʃoʊ ðət ðə ˈifɛkt wɑz nɑt ə kəmˈplitli ˈʤɛnərəl wən bət wɑz spɪˈsɪfɪk tɪ ðə ˈkɑntɛnt əv ðə ˈdɪsənəns wɪʧ wɑz kriˈeɪtɪd. ɛz kən bi ˈrɛdəli sin ɪn ˈteɪbəl 1 ðɛr ər ˈoʊnli ˈnɛglɪʤəbəl ˈdɪfərənsɪz əˈməŋ kənˈdɪʃənz. ðə haɪəst ti ˈvælju fər ˈɛni əv ðiz ˈdɪfərənsɪz ɪz ˈoʊnli dɪˈskəʃən. əv ə ˈpɑsəbəl ɔlˈtərnətɪv ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən wi ˈmɛnʃənd ɪn ðə ˌɪntrəˈdəkʃən ðət ˈʤænɪs ənd kɪŋ 1954 1956 ɪn ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ ðɛr ˈfaɪndɪŋz, prəˈpoʊzd ən ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən ɪn tərmz əv ðə ˈifɛkt əv ˈmɛntəl rɪˈhərsəl [pi. 209 ənd ˈθɪŋkɪŋ əp nu ˈɑrgjəmənts baɪ ðə ˈpərsən hu hæd tɪ ˌɪmprəˈvaɪz ə spiʧ. ˈkɛlmən 1953 ɪn ðə ˈpriviəsli ˈmɛnʃənd ˈstədi, ɪn əˈtɛmptɪŋ tɪ ɪkˈspleɪn ðə ˌənɪkˈspɛktɪd ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðət ðə ˈpərsənz hu kəmˈplaɪd ɪn ðə ˈmɑdərˌeɪt rɪˈwɔrd kənˈdɪʃən ʧeɪnʤd ðɛr əˈpɪnjən mɔr ðən ɪn ðə haɪ rɪˈwɔrd kənˈdɪʃən, ˈɔlsoʊ prəˈpoʊzd ðə seɪm kaɪnd əv ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən. ɪf ðə rɪˈzəlts əv ɑr ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ər tɪ bi ˈteɪkən ɛz strɔŋ kərˌɔbərˈeɪʃən əv ðə ˈθɪri əv ˈkɑgnɪtɪv ˈdɪsənəns, ðɪs ˈpɑsəbəl ɔlˈtərnətɪv ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən məst bi dɛlt wɪθ. spəˈsɪfɪkli, ɛz əˈplaɪd tɪ ɑr rɪˈzəlts, ðɪs ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən wʊd meɪnˈteɪn ðət pərˈhæps, fər səm ˈrizən, ðə ɪn ðə wən ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən wərkt ˈhɑrdər æt ˈtɛlɪŋ ðə ˈweɪtɪŋ gərl ðət ðə tæsks wər fən ənd ˌɛnˈʤɔɪəbəl. ðət ɪz, ɪn ðə wən ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən ðeɪ meɪ hæv riˈhərst ɪt mɔr ˈmɛnəli, θɔt əp mɔr weɪz əv seɪɪŋ ɪt, meɪ hæv sɛd ɪt mɔr kənˈvɪnsɪŋli, ənd soʊ ɔn. waɪ ðɪs maɪt hæv bɪn ðə keɪs ɪz, əv kɔrs, nɑt ˌɪˈmiˌdiətli əˈpɛrənt. wən maɪt ɪkˈspɛkt: ðət, ɪn ðə tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən, ˈhævɪŋ bɪn peɪd mɔr, ðeɪ wʊd traɪ tɪ du ə ˈbɛtər ʤɑb əv ɪt ðən ɪn ðə wən ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən. bət ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs, ðə ˌpɑsəˈbɪləˌti ɪgˈzɪsts ðət ðə ɛn ðə wən ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən meɪ hæv ˈɪmprəˌvaɪzd mɔr. bɪˈkəz əv ðə dɪˌzaɪrəˈbɪlɪti əv ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌgeɪtɪŋ ðɪs ˈpɑsəbəl ɔlˈtərnətɪv ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən, wi rɪˈkɔrdɪd ɔn ə teɪp rɪˈkɔrdər ðə ˌkɑnvərˈseɪʃən bɪtˈwin iʧ ɛs ənd ðə gərl. ðiz rɪˈkɔrdɪŋz wər trænˈskraɪbd ənd ðɛn ˈreɪtɪd, baɪ tu ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈreɪtərz, ɔn faɪv dɪˈmɛnʃənz. ðə ˈreɪtɪŋz wər əv kɔrs dən ɪn ˈɪgnərəns əv wɪʧ kənˈdɪʃən iʧ ɛs wɑz ɪn. ðə əv ðiz ˈreɪtɪŋz, ðət ɪz, ðə ˌkɔrəˈleɪʃənz bɪtˈwin ðə tu ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈreɪtərz, reɪnʤd frəm 61 tɪ 88 wɪθ ən ˈævərɪʤ riˌlaɪəˈbɪləti əv 71 ðə faɪv ˈreɪtɪŋz wər: 1 ðə ˈkɑntɛnt əv wət ðə ɛs sɛd ˌbiˈfɔr ðə gərl meɪd ðə rɪˈmɑrk ðət hər frɛnd toʊld hər ɪt wɑz ˈbɔrɪŋ. ðə ˈstrɔŋgər ðə ˈɛsɪz ˈpɑzətɪv ˈsteɪtmənts əˈbaʊt ðə tæsks, ənd ðə mɔr weɪz ɪn wɪʧ hi sɛd ðeɪ wər ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ənd ˌɛnˈʤɔɪəbəl, ðə haɪər ðə ˈreɪtɪŋ 2 ðə ˈkɑntɛnt əv wət ðə ɛs sɛd ˈæftər ðə gərl meɪd ðə rɪˈmɑrk. ðɪs wɑz ˈreɪtɪd ɪn ðə seɪm weɪ ɛz fər ðə ˈkɑntɛnt ˌbiˈfɔr ðə rɪˈmɑrk. 3 ə ˈsɪmələr ˈreɪtɪŋ əv ðə ˈkɑntɛnt əv wət ðə ɛs sɛd. 4 ə ˈreɪtɪŋ əv haʊ pərsˈweɪsɪv ənd kənˈvɪnsɪŋ ðə ɛs wɑz ɪn wət hi sɛd ənd ðə weɪ ɪn wɪʧ hi sɛd ɪt. 5 ə ˈreɪtɪŋ əv ðə əˈmaʊnt əv taɪm ɪn ðə dɪˈskəʃən ðət ðə ɛs spɛnt dɪˈskəsɪŋ ðə tæsks ɛz əˈpoʊzd tɪ goʊɪŋ ɔf ˈɪntu ˌɪˈrɛləvənt θɪŋz. ðə min ˈreɪtɪŋz fər ðə wən ˈdɔlər ənd tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃənz, ˈævrɪʤɪŋ ðə ˈreɪtɪŋz əv ðə tu ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈreɪtərz, ər pərˈzɛnəd ɪn ˈteɪbəl 2 ɪt ɪz klɪr frəm ɪgˈzæmɪnɪŋ ðə ˈteɪbəl ðət, ɪn ɔl ˈkeɪsɪz, ðə tˈwɛnti ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən ɪz sˈlaɪtli haɪər ðə ˈdɪfərənsɪz ər smɔl, ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ənd ˈoʊnli ɔn ðə ˈreɪtɪŋ əv "əˈmaʊnt əv taɪm" dɪz ðə ˈdɪfərəns bɪtˈwin ðə tu kənˈdɪʃənz ˈivɪn əˈproʊʧ sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns. wi ər ˈsərtənli ˈʤəstəˌfaɪd ɪn kənˈkludɪŋ ðət ðə ɪn ðə wən ˈdɔlər kənˈdɪʃən dɪd nɑt ˌɪmprəˈvaɪz mɔr nɔr ækt mɔr kənˈvɪnsɪŋli. hɛns, ðə ɔlˈtərnətɪv ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən dɪˈskəst əˈbəv ˈkænɑt əˈkaʊnt fər ðə ˈfaɪndɪŋz. ˈsəməri ˈrisəntli, 1957 prəˈpoʊzd ə ˈθɪri kənˈsərnɪŋ ˈkɑgnɪtɪv ˈdɪsənəns. tu frəm ðɪs ˈθɪri ər ˈtɛstɪd hir. ðiz ər: 1 ɪf ə ˈpərsən ɪz ˌɪnˈdust tɪ du ər seɪ ˈsəmθɪŋ wɪʧ ɪz ˈkɑntrɛri tɪ hɪz ˈpraɪvət əˈpɪnjən, ðɛr wɪl bi ə ˈtɛndənsi fər ɪm tɪ ʧeɪnʤ hɪz əˈpɪnjən soʊ ɛz tɪ brɪŋ ɪt ˈɪntu ˌkɔrəˈspɑndəns wɪθ wət hi həz dən ər sɛd. 2 ðə ˈlɑrʤər ðə ˈprɛʃər juzd tɪ ɪˈlɪsɪt ðə [pi. 210 ˈoʊvərt bɪˈheɪvjər (bɪɔnd ðə ˈmɪnəməm ˈnidɪd tɪ ɪˈlɪsɪt ɪt) ðə ˈwikər wɪl bi ðə ˈtɛndənsi. ə ˈlæbrəˌtɔri ɪkˈspɛrəmənt wɑz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ tɛst ðiz. ˈsəbʤɪkts wər səˈbʤɛktɪd tɪ ə ˈbɔrɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns ənd ðɛn peɪd tɪ tɛl ˈsəmˌwən ðət ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns hæd bɪn ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ ənd ˌɛnˈʤɔɪəbəl. ðə əˈmaʊnt əv ˈməni peɪd ðə ˈsəbʤɪkt wɑz ˈvɛrid. ðə ˈpraɪvət əˈpɪnjənz əv ðə ˈsəbʤɪkts kənˈsərnɪŋ ðə ɪkˈspɪriəns wər ðɛn dɪˈtərmənd. ðə rɪˈzəlts ˈstrɔŋli kərˈɑbərˌeɪt ðə ˈθɪri ðət wɑz ˈtɛstɪd. ˈrɛfərənsɪz, ɛl. ə ˈθɪri əv ˈkɑgnɪtɪv ˈdɪsənəns. ˈɛvənstən, ɪl: roʊ ˈpitərsən, 1957 ˈʤænɪs, i.l*. kɪŋ, b.t*. ðə ˈɪnfluəns əv ɔn əˈpɪnjən ʧeɪnʤ. ʤeɪ. abnorm*. soc*. psychol*., 1954 49 ˈkɛlmən, eɪʧ. ˈætəˌtud ʧeɪnʤ ɛz ə ˈfəŋkʃən əv rɪˈspɑns riˈstrɪkʃən həm. relat*., 1953 6 kɪŋ, b.t*. ˈʤænɪs, i.l*. kəmˈpɛrəsən əv ðə ˈifɛktɪvnəs əv ˈɪmprəˌvaɪzd ˈvərsəz ɪn prəˈdusɪŋ əˈpɪnjən ʧeɪnʤ. həm. relat*., 1956 9 rɪˈsivd noʊˈvɛmbər 18 1957 ˈfʊtˌnoʊts 1 ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt ˌriˈpɔrtəd hir wɑz dən ɛz pɑrt əv ə ˈproʊˌgræm əv ˈrisərʧ səˈpɔrtɪd baɪ ə grænt frəm ðə ˈnæʃənəl saɪəns faʊnˈdeɪʃən tɪ ðə ˈsinjər ˈɔθər. wi wɪʃ tɪ θæŋk ˈlɛnərd ˈhɑməl, ˈʤədsən mɪlz, ənd ˈrɑbərt ˈtərwɪlɪgər fər ðɛr hɛlp ɪn dɪˈzaɪnɪŋ ənd ˈkɛriɪŋ aʊt ðə ɪkˈspɛrəmənt. wi wʊd ˈɔlsoʊ laɪk tɪ ækˈnɑlɪʤ ðə hɛlp əv ruθ smɪθ ənd ˈmɛrəlɪn ɛm. ˈmɪlər. 2 ɔl stəˈtɪstɪkəl tɛsts rɪˈfərd tɪ ɪn ðɪs ˈpeɪpər ər.

classics in the history of psychology an internet resource developed by christopher d. green york university, toronto, ontario (return to classics index) cognitive consequences of forced compliance leon festinger & james m. carlsmith[1] (1959) first published in journal of abnormal and social psychology, 58, 203-210. what happens to a person's private opinion if he is forced to do or say something contrary to that opinion? only recently has there been any experimental work related to this question. two studies reported by janis and king (1954; 1956) clearly showed that, at least under some conditions, the private opinion changes so as to bring it into closer correspondence with the overt behavior the person was forced to perform. specifically, they showed that if a person is forced to improvise a speech supporting a point of view with which he disagrees, his private opinion moves toward the position advocated in the speech. the observed opinion change is greater than for persons who only hear the speech or for persons who read a prepared speech with emphasis solely on execution and manner of delivery the authors of these two studies explain their results mainly in terms of mental rehearsal and thinking up new arguments. in this way, they propose, the person who is forced to improvise a speech convinces himself. they present some evidence, which is not altogether conclusive, in support of this explanation. we will have more to say concerning this explanation in discussing the results of our experiment. kelman (1953) tried to pursue the matter further. he reasoned that if the person is induced to make an overt statement contrary to his private opinion by the offer of some reward, then the greater the reward offered, the greater should be the subsequent opinion change. his data, however did not support this idea. he found, rather, that a large reward produced less subsequent opinion change than did a smaller reward. actually this finding by kelman is consistent with the theory we will outline below but, for a number of reasons is not conclusive. one of the major weaknesses of the data is that not all subjects in the experiment made an overt statement contrary to their private opinion in order to obtain the offered reward. what is more, as one might expect, the percentage of subjects who complied increased as the size of the offered reward increased. thus, with self-selection of who did and who did not make the required overt statement and with varying percentages of subjects in the different conditions who did make the requsted statement, no interpretation of the data can be unequivocal. recently festinger (1957) proposed a theory concerning cognitive dissonance from which come a number of derivations about opinion change following forced compliance. since these derivations are stated in detail by festinger (1957, ch. 4), we will here give only a brief outline of the reasoning. let us consider a person who privately holds opinion "x" but has, as a result of pressure brought to bear on him publicly stated that he believes "not x." 1. this person has two cognitions which, psychologically, do not fit together: one of these is the knowledge that he believes "x," the other the knowledge that he has publicly stated that he believes "not x." if no factors other than his private opinion are considered it would follow, at least in our culture, that if he believes "x" he would publicly state "x." hence, his cognition of his private belief is dissonant with his cognition concerning his actual public statement. 2. similarly, the knowledge that he has said "not x" is consonant with (does fit together with) those cognitive elements corresponding to the reasons, pressures, promises of rewards and/or threats of punishment which induced him to say "not x." 3. in evaluating the total magnitude of dissonance one must take account of both dissonances and consonances. let us think of the sum of all the dissonances involving some particular cognition as "d" and the sum of all the consonances as "c." then we might [p. 204] think of the total magnitude of dissonance as being a function of "d" divided by "d" plus "c." let us then see what can be said about the total magnitude of dissonance in a person created by the knowledge that he said "not x" and really believes "x." with everything else held constant, this total magnitude of dissonance would decrease as the number and importance of the pressures which induced him to say "not x" increased. thus, if the overt behavior was brought about by, say, offers of reward or threats of punishment, the magnitude of dissonance is maximal if these promised rewards or threatened punishments were just barely sufficient to induce the person to say "not x." from this point on, as the promised rewards or threatened punishment become larger, the magnitude of dissonance becomes smaller. 4. one way in which the dissonance can be reduced is for the person to change his private opinion so as to bring it into correspondence with what he has said. one would consequently expect to observe such opinion change after a person has been forced or induced to say something contrary to his private opinion. furthermore, since the pressure to reduce dissonance will be a function of the magnitude of the dissonance, the observed opinion change should be greatest when the pressure used to elicit the overt behavior is just sufficient to do it. the present experiment was designed to test this derivation under controlled, laboratory conditions. in the experiment we varied the amount of reward used to force persons to make a statement contrary to their private views. the prediction [from 3 and 4 above] is that the larger the reward given to the subject, the smaller will be the subsequent opinion change. procedure seventy-one male students in the introductory psychology course at stanford university were used in the experiment. in this course, students are required to spend a certain number of hours as subjects (ss) in experiments. they choose among the available experiments by signing their names on a sheet posted on the bulletin board which states the nature of the experiment. the present experiment was listed as a two-hour experiment dealing with "measures of performance." during the first week of the course, when the requirement of serving in experiments was announced and explained to the students, the instructor also told them about a study that psychology department was conducting. he explained that, since they were required to serve in experiments, the department was conducting a study to evaluate these experiments in order to be able to improve them in the future. they were told that a sample of students would be interviewed after having served as ss. they were urged to cooperate in these interviews by being completely and honest. the importance of this announcement will become clear shortly. it enabled us to measure the opinions of our ss in a context not directly connected with our experiment and in which we could reasonably expect frank and honest expressions of opinion. when the s arrived for the experiment on "measures of performance" he had to wait for a few minutes in the secretary's office. the experimenter (e) then came in, introducing himself to the s and, together, they walked into the laboratory room where the e said: this experiment usually takes a little over an hour but, of course, we had to schedule it for two hours. since we have that extra time, the introductory psychology people asked if they could interview some our subjects. [offhand and conversationally.] did they announce that in class? i gather that they're interviewing some people who have been in experiments. i don't know much about it. anyhow, they may want to interview you when you're through here. with no further introduction or explanation the s was shown the first task, which involved putting 12 spools onto a tray, emptying the tray, refilling it with spools, and so on. he was told to use one hand and to work at his own speed. he did this for one-half hour. the e then removed the tray and spools and placed in front of the s a board containing 48 square pegs. his task was to turn each peg a quarter turn clockwise, then another quarter turn, and so on. he was told again to use one band and to work at his own speed. the s worked at this task for another half hour. while the s was working on these tasks the e sat, with a stop watch in his hand, busily making notations on a sheet of paper. he did so in order to make it convincing that this was [p. 205] what thc e was interested in and that these tasks, and how the s worked on them, was the total experiment. from our point of view the experiment had hardly started. the hour which the s spent working on the repetitive, monotonous tasks was intended to provide, for each s uniformly, an experience about which he would have a somewhat negative opinion after the half hour on the second task was over, the e conspicuously set the stop watch back to zero, put it away, pushed his chair back, lit a cigarette, and said: o.k. well, that's all we have in the experiment itself. i'd like to explain what this has been all about so you'll have some idea of why you were doing this. [e pauses.] well, the way the experiment is set up is this. there are actually two groups in the experiment. in one, the group you were in, we bring the subject in and give him essentially no introduction to the experiment. that is, all we tell him is what he needs to know in order to do the tasks, and he has no idea of what the experiment is all about, or what it's going to be like, or anything like that. but in the other group, we have a student that we've hired that works for us regularly, and what i do is take him into the next room where the subject is waiting -- the same room you were waiting in before -- and i introduce him as if he had just finished being the subject in the experiment. that is, i say: "this is so-and-so, who just finished the experiment, and i've asked him to tell you a little of what it's about before you start. the fellow who works for us then, in conversation with the next subject, makes these points: [the e then produced a sheet headed "for group b" which had written on it: it was very enjoyable, i had a lot of fun, i enjoyed myself, it was very interesting, it was intriguing, it was exciting. the e showed this to the s and then proceeded with his false explanation of the purpose of the experiment.] now, of course, we have this student do this, because if the experimenter does it, it doesn't look as realistic, and what we're interested in doing is comparing how these two groups do on the experiment -- the one with this previous expectation about the experiment, and the other, like yourself, with essentially none. up to this point the procedure was identical for ss in all conditions. from this point on they diverged somewhat. three conditions were run, control, one dollar, and twenty dollars as follows: control condition the e continued: is that fairly clear? [pause.] look, that fellow [looks at watch] i was telling you about from the introductory psychology class said he would get here a couple of minutes from now. would you mind waiting to see if he wants to talk to you? fine. why don't we go into the other room to wait? [the e left the s in the secretary's office for four minutes. he then returned and said:]1 ok. let's check and see if he does want to talk to you. one and twenty dollar conditions the e continued: is that fairly clear how it is set up and what we're trying to do? [pause.] now, i also have a sort of strange thing to ask you. the thing is this [long pause, some confusion and uncertainty in the following, with a degree of embarrassment on the part of the e. the mariner of the e contrasted strongly with the preceding unhesitant and assured false explanation of the experiment. the point was to make it seem to the s that this was the first time e had done this and that he felt unsure of himself.] the fellow who normally does this for us couldn't do it today -- he just phoned in, and something or other came up for him -- so we've been looking around for someone that we could hire to do it for us. you see, we've got another subject waiting [looks at watch] who is supposed to be in that other condition. now professor --------, who is in charge of this experiment, suggested that perhaps we could take a chance on your doing it for us. i'll tell you what we had in mind: the thing is, if you could do it for us now, then of course you would know how to do it, and if something like this should ever come up again, that is, the regular fellow couldn't make it, and we had a subject scheduled, it would be very reassuring to us to know that we had somebody else we could call on who knew how to do it. so, if you would be willing to do this for us, we'd like to hire you to do it now and then be on call in the future, if something like this should ever happen again. we can pay you a dollar (twenty dollars) for doing this for us that is, for doing it now and then being on call. do you think you could do that for us? if the s hesitated, the e said things like, "it will only take a few minutes," "the regular person is pretty reliable; this is the first time he has missed," or "if we needed you we could phone you a day or two in advance; if you couldn't make it of course, we wouldn't expect you to come." after the s agreed to do it, the e gave him the previously mentioned sheet of paper headed "for group b" and asked him to read it through again. the e then paid the s one dollar (twenty dollars), made out a hand-written receipt form, and asked the s to sign it. he then said: ok., the way we'll do it is this. as i said, the next subject should be by now. i think the next one is a girl. i'll take you into the next room and introduce you to her, saying that you've just finished the experiment and that we've asked you to tell her a little about it. and what we want you to do is just sit down and get into a conversation with her and try to get [p. 206] across the points on that sheet of paper. i'll leave you alone and come back after a couple of minutes. o.k.? the e then took the s into the secretary's office where he had previously waited and where the next s was waiting. (the secretary had left the office.) he introduced the girl and the s to one another saying that the s had just finished the experiment and would tell her something about it. he then left saying he would return in a couple of minutes. the girl, an undergraduate hired for this role, said little until the s made some positive remarks about the experiment and then said that she was surprised because a friend of hers had taken the experiment the week before and had told her that it was boring and that she ought to try to get out of it. most ss responded by saying something like "oh, no, it's really very interesting. i'm sure you'll enjoy it." the girl, after this listened quietly, accepting and agreeing to everything the s told her. the discussion between the s and the girl was recorded on a hidden tape recorder. after two minutes the e returned, asked the girl to go into the experimental room, thanked the s for talking to the girl, wrote down his phone number to continue the fiction that we might call on him again in the future and then said: "look, could we check and see if that fellow from introductory psychology wants to talk to you?" from this point on, the procedure for all three conditions was once more identical. as the e and the s started to walk to the office where the interviewer was, the e said: "thanks very much for working on those tasks for us. i hope you did enjoy it. most of our subjects tell us afterward that they found it quite interesting you get a chance to see how you react to the tasks and so forth." this short persuasive communication was made in all conditions in exactly the same way. the reason for doing it, theoretically, was to make it easier for anyone who wanted to persuade himself that the tasks had been, indeed, enjoyable. when they arrived at the interviewer's office, the e asked the interviewer whether or not he wanted to talk to the s. the interviewer said yes, the e shook hands with the s, said good-bye, and left. the interviewer, of course, was always kept in complete ignorance of which condition the s was in. the interview consisted of four questions, on each of which the s was first encouraged to talk about the matter and was then asked to rate his opinion or reaction on an 11-point scale. the questions are as follows: 1. were the tasks interesting and enjoyable? in what way? in what way were they not? would you rate how you feel about them on a scale from -5 to +5 where -5 means they were extremely dull and boring, +5 means they were extremely interesting and enjoyable, and zero means they were neutral, neither interesting nor uninteresting. 2. did the experiment give you an opportunity to learn about your own ability to perform these tasks? in what way? in what way not? would you rate how you feel about this on a scale from 0 to 10 where 0 means you learned nothing and 10 means you learned a great deal. 3. from what you know about the experiment and the tasks involved in it, would you say the experiment was measuring anything important? that is, do you think the results may have scientific value? in what way? in what way not? would you rate your opinion on this matter on a scale from 0 to 10 where 0 means the results have no scientific value or importance and 10 means they have a great deal of value and importance. 4. would you have any desire to participate in another similar experiment? why? why not? would you rate your desire to participate in a similar experiment again on a scale from -5 to +5, where -5 means you would definitely dislike to participate, +5 means you would definitely like to participate, and 0 means you have no particular feeling about it one way or the other. as may be seen, the questions varied in how directly relevant they were to what the s had told the girl. this point will be discussed further in connection with the results. at the close of the interview the s was asked what he thought the experiment was about and, following this, was asked directly whether or not he was suspicious of anything and, if so, what he was suspicious of. when the interview was over, the interviewer brought the s back to the experimental room where the e was waiting together with the girl who had posed as the waiting s. (in the control condition, of course, the girl was not there.) the true purpose of the experiment was then explained to the s in detail, and the reasons for each of the various steps in the experiment were explained carefully in relation to the true purpose. all experimental ss in both one dollar and twenty dollar conditions were asked, after this explanation, to return the money they had [p. 207] been given. all ss, without exception, were quite willing to return the money. the data from 11 of the 71 ss in the experiment had to be discarded for the following reasons: 1. five ss (three in the one dollar and two in the twenty dollar condition) indicated in the interview that they were suspicious about having been paid to tell the girl the experiment was fun and suspected that that was the real purpose of the experiment. 2. two ss (both in the one dollar condition) told the girl that they had been hired, that the experiment was really boring but they were supposed to say it was fun. 3. three ss (one in the one dollar and two in the twenty dollar condition) refused to take the money and refused to be hired. 4. one s (in the one dollar condition), immediately after having talked to the girl, demanded her phone number saying he would call her and explain things, and also told the e he wanted to wait until she was finished so he could tell her about it. these 11 ss were, of course, run through the total experiment anyhow and the experiment was explained to them afterwards. their data, however, are not included in the analysis. summary of design there remain, for analysis, 20 ss in each of the thee conditions. let us review these briefly: 1. control condition. these ss were treated identically in all respects to the ss in the experimental conditions, except that they were never asked to, and never did, tell the waiting girl that the experimental tasks were enjoyable and lots of fun. 2. one dollar condition. these ss were hired for one dollar to tell a waiting s that tasks, which were really rather dull and boring, were interesting, enjoyab1e, and lots of fun. 3. twenty dollar condition. these ss were hired for twenty dollars to do the same thing. results the major results of the experiment are summarized in table 1 which lists, separately for each of the three experimental conditions, the average rating which the ss gave at the end of each question on the interview. we will discuss each of the questions on the interview separately, because they were intended to measure different things. one other point before we proceed to examine the data. in all the comparisons, the control condition should be regarded as a baseline from which to evaluate the results in the other two conditions. the control condition gives us, essentially, the reactions of ss to the tasks and their opinions about the experiment as falsely explained to them, without the experimental introduction of dissonance. the data from the other conditions may be viewed, in a sense, as changes from this baseline. how enjoyable the tasks were the average ratings on this question, presented in the first row of figures in table 1, are the results most important to the experiment. these results are the ones most directly relevant to the specific dissonance which we experimentally created it will be recalled that the tasks were purposely arranged to be rather boring and monotonous. and, indeed, in the control condition the average rating was -.45, somewhat on the negative side of the neutral point. in the other two conditions, however, the ss told someone that these tasks were interesting and enjoyab1e. the resulting dissonance could, of course, most directly be reduced by persuading themselves that the tasks were, indeed, interesting and enjoyable. in the one dollar condition, since the magnitude of dissonance was high, the pressure to reduce this dissonance would also be high. in this condition, the average rating was +1.35, considerably on the positive side and significantly different from the control condition at the .02 level[2] (t = 2.48). [p. 208] in the twenty dollar condition, where less dissonance was created experimentally because of the greater importance of the consonant relations, there is correspondingly less evidence of dissonance reduction. the average rating in this condition is only -.05, slightly and not significantly higher than the control condition. the difference between the one dollar and twenty dollar conditions is significant at the .03 level (t = 2.22). in short, when an s was induced, by offer of reward, to say something contrary to his private opinion, this private opinion tended to change so as to correspond more closely with what he had said. the greater the reward offered (beyond what was necessary to elicit the behavior) the smaller was the effect. desire to participate in a similar experiment the results from this question are shown in the last row of table 1. this question is less directly related to the dissonance that was experimentally created for the ss. certainly, the more interesting and enjoyable they felt the tasks were, the greater would be their desire to participate in a similar experiment. but other factors would enter also. hence, one would expect the results on this question to be very similar to the results on "how enjoyable the tasks were" but weaker. actually, the result, as may be seen in the table, are in exactly the same direction, and the magnitude of the mean differences is fully as large as on the first question. the variability is greater, however, and the differences do not yield high levels of statistical significance. the difference between the one dollar condition (+1.20) and the control condition (-.62) is significant at the .08 level (t = 1.78). the difference between the one dollar condition and the twenty dollar condition (-.25) reaches only the .15 level of significance (t = 1.46). the scientific importance of the experiment this question was included because there was a chance that differences might emerge. there are, after all, other ways in which the experimentally created dissonance could be reduced. for example, one way would be for the s to magnify for himself the value of the reward he obtained. this, however, was unlikely in this experiment because money was used for the reward and it is undoubtedly difficult to convince oneself that one dollar is more than it really is. there is another possible way, however. the ss were given a very good reason, in addition to being paid, for saying what they did to the waiting girl. the ss were told it was necessary for the experiment. the dissonance could, consequently, be reduced by magnifying the importance of this cognition. the more scientifically important they considered the experiment to be, the less was the total magnitude of dissonance. it is possible, then, that the results on this question, shown in the third row of figures in table 1, might reflect dissonance reduction. the results are weakly in line with what one would expect if the dissonance were somewhat reduced in this manner. the one dollar condition is higher than the other two. the difference between the one and twenty dollar conditions reaches the .08 level of significance on a two-tailed test (t = 1.79). the difference .between the one dollar and control conditions is not impressive at all (t = 1.21). the result that the twenty dollar condition is actually lower than the control condition is undoubtedly a matter of chance (t = 0.58). how much they learned from the experiment the results on this question are shown in the second row of figures in table 1. the question was included because, as far as we could see, it had nothing to do with the dissonance that was experimentally created and could not be used for dissonance reduction. one would then expect no differences at all among the three conditions. we felt it was important to show that the effect was not a completely general one but was specific to the content of the dissonance which was created. as can be readily seen in table 1, there are only negligible differences among conditions. the highest t value for any of these differences is only 0.48. discussion. of a possible alternative explanation we mentioned in the introduction that janis and king (1954; 1956) in explaining their findings, proposed an explanation in terms of the self-convincing effect of mental rehearsal [p. 209] and thinking up new arguments by the person who had to improvise a speech. kelman (1953), in the previously mentioned study, in attempting to explain the unexpected finding that the persons who complied in the moderate reward condition changed their opinion more than in the high reward condition, also proposed the same kind of explanation. if the results of our experiment are to be taken as strong corroboration of the theory of cognitive dissonance, this possible alternative explanation must be dealt with. specifically, as applied to our results, this a1ternative explanation would maintain that perhaps, for some reason, the ss in the one dollar condition worked harder at telling the waiting girl that the tasks were fun and enjoyable. that is, in the one dollar condition they may have rehearsed it more mentally, thought up more ways of saying it, may have said it more convincingly, and so on. why this might have been the case is, of course, not immediately apparent. one might expect: that, in the twenty dollar condition, having been paid more, they would try to do a better job of it than in the one dollar condition. but nevertheless, the possibility exists that the ss n the one dollar condition may have improvised more. because of the desirability of investigating this possible alternative explanation, we recorded on a tape recorder the conversation between each s and the girl. these recordings were transcribed and then rated, by two independent raters, on five dimensions. the ratings were of course done in ignorance of which condition each s was in. the reliabilities of these ratings, that is, the correlations between the two independent raters, ranged from .61 to .88, with an average reliability of .71. the five ratings were: 1. the content of what the s said before the girl made the remark that her friend told her it was boring. the stronger the s's positive statements about the tasks, and the more ways in which he said they were interesting and enjoyable, the higher the rating 2. the content of what the s said after the girl made the above-mentioned remark. this was rated in the same way as for the content before the remark. 3. a similar rating of the over-all content of what the s said. 4. a rating of how persuasive and convincing the s was in what he said and the way in which he said it. 5. a rating of the amount of time in the discussion that the s spent discussing the tasks as opposed to going off into irrelevant things. the mean ratings for the one dollar and twenty dollar conditions, averaging the ratings of the two independent raters, are presented in table 2. it is clear from examining the table that, in all cases, the twenty dollar condition is slightly higher the differences are small, however, and only on the rating of "amount of time" does the difference between the two conditions even approach significance. we are certainly justified in concluding that the ss in the one dollar condition did not improvise more nor act more convincingly. hence, the alternative explanation discussed above cannot account for the findings. summary recently, festinger (1957) bas proposed a theory concerning cognitive dissonance. two derivations from this theory are tested here. these are: 1. if a person is induced to do or say something which is contrary to his private opinion, there will be a tendency for him to change his opinion so as to bring it into correspondence with what he has done or said. 2. the larger the pressure used to elicit the [p. 210] overt behavior (beyond the minimum needed to elicit it) the weaker will be the above-mentioned tendency. a laboratory experiment was designed to test these derivations. subjects were subjected to a boring experience and then paid to tell someone that the experience had been interesting and enjoyable. the amount of money paid the subject was varied. the private opinions of the subjects concerning the experience were then determined. the results strongly corroborate the theory that was tested. references festinger, l. a theory of cognitive dissonance. evanston, ill: row peterson, 1957. janis, i.l. & king, b.t. the influence of role-playing on opinion change. j. abnorm. soc. psychol., 1954, 49, 211-218. kelman, h. attitude change as a function of response restriction hum. relat., 1953, 6, 185-214. king, b.t. & janis, i.l. comparison of the effectiveness of improvised versus non-improvised role-playing in producing opinion change. hum. relat., 1956, 9, 177-186. received november 18, 1957. footnotes [1] the experiment reported here was done as part of a program of research supported by a grant from the national science foundation to the senior author. we wish to thank leonard hommel, judson mills, and robert terwilliger for their help in designing and carrying out the experiment. we would also like to acknowledge the help of ruth smith and marilyn m. miller. [2] all statistical tests referred to in this paper are two-tailed.

tɪ ðə ˈkæʒəwəl əbˈzərvər, stɑr trɛk ənd stɑr wɔrz lʊk ə lɔt əˈlaɪk, bɪɔnd ðə ˈɑbviəs ˌsɪməˈlɛrəti bɪtˈwin ðɛr neɪmz. iʧ həz ə lɔt əv ˈspeɪsˌʃɪps, streɪnʤ wərldz, reɪ gənz, ənd ˈeɪliənz, ˈmɛni əv hum lʊk ˈstɑrtlɪŋˌli laɪk ˈjumənz wɪθ prɑsˈθɛtɪks ənd ˈmeɪˌkəp. bət əv kɔrs giks ər nɑt ˈkæʒəwəl əbˈzərvərz, ənd wi noʊ ʤɪst haʊ ˈdɪfərənt ðeɪ ər. ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl həz bɪn ˌriprəˈdust ɪn ə nu ˈfɔrˌmæt ənd meɪ bi ˈmɪsɪŋ ˈkɑntɛnt ər kənˈteɪn ˈfɔlti lɪŋks. ˈkɑnˌtækt tɪ rɪˈpɔrt ən ˈɪʃu. naʊ, aɪ ˈfrili ədˈmɪt tɪ ˈhævɪŋ bɪn ə juʤ fæn əv boʊθ sɪns ˈʧaɪlˌdhʊd, ənd aɪ noʊ ˈmɛni ˈpipəl hu fil ðə seɪm weɪ. soʊ waɪ ʃʊd wi dəˈbeɪt əˈbaʊt wɪʧ ɪz ˈbɛtər? bɪˈkəz giks, ənd wət giks du! soʊ, ɪn ðə ˈfaɪnəst trəˈdɪʃən əv kəmˈplitli ənˈnɛsəˌsɛri ˈgiki ˈɑrgjəmənts, kriˈeɪt ə prɪˈpɑstərəs ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkəl ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən ðət rikˈwaɪərz ju tɪ ʧuz bɪtˈwin ðə tu: səˈpoʊz ju wər əˈdrɪft ɪn speɪs ˈæftər jʊr ˈɛnʤənz daɪd, ənd waɪl ˈweɪtɪŋ fər jʊr ˈrɛˌskjuərz tɪ faɪnd ju, ju ˈwɔntɪd tɪ wɔʧ ə ˈmuvi. səˈpoʊz, ˈfərðər, ðət ðə ˈoʊnli tu ˈvɪdioʊz əˈveɪləbəl wər jʊr ˈfeɪvərɪt stɑr trɛk ˈmuvi ənd jʊr ˈfeɪvərɪt stɑr wɔrz ˈmuvi (wɪˈʧɛvər wənz ðoʊz ˈhæpən tɪ bi), bət jʊr ˈvɪdioʊ pleɪər həz ˈoʊnli ɪˈnəf paʊər lɛft fər ju tɪ wɔʧ wən əv ðɛm. wɪʧ wən wʊd ju ʧuz? tɪ hɛlp ˌdɪˈsaɪd, sɪns aɪ ˈsəˌspɛkt ˈɛvriˌwən ˈrɛdɪŋ ðɪs həz ə ˈprɪti gʊd aɪˈdiə əv wət tɪ laɪk əˈbaʊt boʊθ, goʊɪŋ tɪ ˈfoʊkɪs ɔn wət nɑt tɪ laɪk. stɑr wɔrz ɪz ˈgraʊndɪd ɪn məˈθɑləˌʤi: ðə ˈstrəgəl bɪtˈwin gʊd ənd ˈivəl drɔn ɪn səʧ brɔd stroʊks ðət fju ˈkɛrɪktərz hæv ˈɛni ʃeɪdz əv greɪ. ˈivɪn dɑrθ ˈveɪdər, hu sˈwɪʧɪz frəm gʊd tɪ ˈivəl ənd ðɛn bæk əˈgɛn, ɪz ˈnɛvər ˈɛniˌwɛr ɪn bɪtˈwin hi flɪps bɪtˈwin ɪkˈstrimz. ɪz ɪt ˈɛni ril səˈpraɪz ðət ðə moʊst ˈpɑpjələr ˈkɛrɪktər frəm ðə ərˈɪʤənəl ˈtrɪləʤi ɪz hɑn ˈsoʊˌloʊ, hu ɛz cut-and-dried*? ðə stɑr wɔrz ˈstɔriˌlaɪn rikˈwaɪərz ju tɪ teɪk ə lɔt fər ˈgrænɪd: moʊst ˌfəndəˈmɛnəli, ðə meɪn ˈkɛrɪktərz ər fɑr, fɑr mɔr ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ðən ˈɛniˌwən ɛls ɪn ðɛr wərld, ˈivɪn ðə ““good”*” wənz. lʊk, fər ˈɪnstəns, æt haʊ ˈɛvriˌwən ækts ˈæftər luk rɪˈtərnz frəm bloʊɪŋ əp ðə dɛθ stɑr: ɔl ˈʧɪrɪŋ ənd ˈhəgɪŋ, ənd ðɛn luk gɪts ˈrɪli ˈəpˌsɛt əˈbaʊt biɪŋ ˈdæmɪʤd hɪz gʊd frɛnd bɪgz ənd ə ˈdəzən ˈəðər mɛn wər ʤɪst bloʊn tɪ ˈpisɪz, bət ˈəpˌsɛt bɪˈkəz hɪz drɔɪd ɪz ˈbəstɪd. nis. ənd æt ðə ɛnd əv rɪˈtərn əv ðə ˈʤɛˌdi, ˈveɪdər tərnz gʊd ənd seɪvz luk baɪ ˈkɪlɪŋ ðə ˈɛmpərər, ənd ðɛn ðə goʊst əv ˈænɑˌkɪn ˈskaɪˌwɔkər əˈpɪrz əˈlɔŋ wɪθ ənd ˈjoʊdə. ðɪs mæn ɪz riˈspɑnsəbəl fər ˈpərsənəli ˈkɪlɪŋ ˈhənərdz əv ˈɪnəsənt biɪŋz, fər ˈɔrdərɪŋ ðə dɛθs əv ˈkaʊntləs mɔr, ənd fər ˈtɔrʧərɪŋ kwaɪt ə fju ɛz wɛl; bət hi ɪz kəmˈplitli rɪˈdimd bɪˈkəz hi seɪvd hɪz laɪf. ðɪs kən ˈoʊnli min ðət laɪf ɪz wərθ ɛz məʧ ɛz (ər mɔr ðən) ðoʊz əv ɔl ðə (ˈprɑbəˌbli) ˈθaʊzənz əv ˈpipəl ˈveɪdər sˈlɔtərd pʊt təˈgɛðər, bɪˈkəz ˈəðərˌwaɪz ɪt ˈsɪmpli meɪks noʊ sɛns, raɪt? ðiz ər ðə tu ɪgˈzæmpəlz ðət stænd aʊt ðə moʊst ɪn maɪ maɪnd, bət ðɛr ər ˈplɛnti mɔr wɛr ðeɪ keɪm frəm. stɑr trɛk bɪˈgɪnz wɪθ ə ˈprɛmɪs soʊ rɪˈdɪkjələs ɪt kʊd ˈoʊnli hæv ərˈɪʤəˌneɪtəd ɪn ðə ˈsɪkstiz: ə juˈnaɪtɪd ərθ, ˈoʊnli əˈbaʊt 250 jɪrz frəm naʊ. æt list stɑr wɔrz ˈstɑrtɪd ɔf baɪ ˈtɛlɪŋ ju ɪt wɑz ˈhæpənɪŋ ə ˈgæləksi fɑr, fɑr away”*” soʊ ˈɛni əˈsəmpʃənz beɪst ɔn wət wi noʊ əˈbaʊt ərθ ənd juˈmænɪti ˌnɛsəˈsɛrəli əˈplaɪ. bət trɛk ɪz saɪəns ˈfɪkʃən, nɑt ˈfænəsi, ənd soʊ ˈdɪfərənt rulz nid tɪ əˈplaɪ, ənd ðeɪ breɪk ðɛm ɔl ðə taɪm. fərst ðeɪ goʊ ənd ˌɪnˈvɛnt θɪŋz laɪk wɔrp draɪv ənd trænˈspɔrtərz, wɪʧ ər ˌɪmˈplɔzəbəl bət nɑt ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə rɛlm əv ˈnɔrməl səˈspɛnʃən əv ˌdɪsbɪˈlif. ðɛn, ˈhævɪŋ kriˈeɪtɪd rulz əraʊnd haʊ ðiz ˈmɑrvələs dɪˈvaɪsɪz wərk, ðeɪ ˈrɛgjələrli breɪk ðoʊz rulz. nɑt ɪˈnəf ðət ðə ˈɛnərˌpraɪz kən ˈtrævəl ˈmɛni taɪmz ˈfæstər ðən laɪt spid; naʊ ðeɪ kən goʊ θru ə rɪft ɪn ˈsəbˌspeɪs (ər somesuch*) ənd wɪnd əp ˈθaʊzənz əv laɪt jɪrz əˈweɪ ɪn ən ˈɪnstənt. nɑt ɪˈnəf ðət ðeɪ kən goʊ bæk ənd fɔrθ bɪtˈwin ə ˈplænət ənd ðɛr ʃɪp ɪn ə fju ˈsɛkəndz; naʊ ən aɪən stɔrm (ˌwəˈtɛvər ðət ɪz) sɛndz ðɛm tɪ ən ˈɔltərˌneɪt ˈjunəˌvərs (jɛs, wən əv maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz, tu, bət ðət meɪk ðə ˈprɛmɪs lɛs ˈsɪli). ənd waɪ dɪd ɪt ˈnɛvər əˈkər tɪ ˈɛniˌwən dɪˈzaɪnɪŋ ʧɛrz fər ˈstɑrˌfit tɪ ˌɪnˈstɔl sit bɛlts? aɪ min, aɪ noʊ ðeɪ wʊd hæv dɪˈpraɪvd ˈjuˈɛs əv səm ˈləvli sinz əv ˈæktərz θroʊɪŋ ðɛmˈsɛlvz bæk ənd fɔrθ ənd priˈtɛndɪŋ tɪ fɔl, bət ðɛr maɪt hæv bɪn ˈəðər ˈbɛnəfɪts, tu! əv kɔrs, wi hæv tɪ kənˈsɪdər ðə ˈsɪriəs ˈfeɪljərz ðət ər ə pɑrt əv boʊθ ˈjunəˌvərsɪz. ðə stɑr wɔrz ˈjunəˌvərs wʊd lʊk soʊ məʧ ˈbɛtər wər ɪt nɑt fər ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz aɪ iii*, ənd ðə ewoks*. ənd ðə stɑr trɛk ˈjunəˌvərs wʊd lʊk məʧ ˈbɛtər wɪˈθaʊt stɑr trɛk vi, ənd ˌʤɛnərˈeɪʃənz, ənd ˌɪnsərˈɛkʃən, ənd (ɪn maɪ əˈpɪnjən, ˈɛniˌweɪ) ˈnɛməsɪs, nɑt tɪ ˈmɛnʃən kwaɪt ə fju ˈɛpɪˌsoʊdz əv iʧ əv ðə faɪv ˌtɛləˈvɪʒən ˈsɪriz. aɪ heɪt tɪ hæv tɪ meɪk ə kɔl hir, bət maɪ ʤɑb. aɪ hæv tɪ gɪv ðə nɑd tɪ stɑr trɛk. fər ɔl ɪts ənd ˌɪmˈplɔzəbəl ɛkˌstræpəˈleɪʃən frəm ˈkɑrənt ˌriˈæləˌti, ʤɪst ɔn ðə hoʊl ə ˈbɛtər ˈprɑdəkt. fɑr mɔr ɪˌgæləˈtɛriən, ənd soʊ ˈiziər tɪ aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ wɪθ. aɪ gɪt ðə ˈfilɪŋ ðət, ɪf aɪ wər trænˈsplæntɪd tɪ ðə stɑr trɛk ˈjunəˌvərs, aɪ kʊd meɪk ə goʊ əv ɪt ənd bi ə pərˈdəktɪv ˈmɛmbər əv soʊˈsaɪɪti ɔn səm ˈlɛvəl; ˈkɑnvərsli, aɪ gɪt ðə ˈfilɪŋ ðət, ɪf aɪ wər trænˈsplæntɪd tɪ ðə stɑr wɔrz ˈjunəˌvərs, aɪ wʊd bi wən əv ðoʊz gaɪz hu həz tu laɪnz ənd ðɛn gɪts ʃɑt baɪ stormtroopers*, hu ɛz ˈɛvriˌwən noʊz kən ˈoʊnli eɪm wɛl æt ənɪmˈpɔrtənt foʊks. pləs, ɛz wɛl ɛz (ˈɑbviəsli) length-wise*, stɑr trɛk ˈsɪmpli həz ə lɔt mɔr gʊd məˈtɪriəl.

to the casual observer, star trek and star wars look a lot alike, beyond the obvious similarity between their names. each has a lot of spaceships, strange worlds, ray guns, and aliens, many of whom look startlingly like humans with prosthetics and makeup. but of course geeks are not casual observers, and we know just how different they are. this article has been reproduced in a new format and may be missing content or contain faulty links. contact wiredlabs@wired.com to report an issue. now, i freely admit to having been a huge fan of both since childhood, and i know many people who feel the same way. so why should we debate about which is better? because we’re geeks, and that’s what geeks do! so, in the finest tradition of completely unnecessary geeky arguments, let’s create a preposterous hypothetical situation that requires you to choose between the two: suppose you were adrift in space after your spaceship’s engines died, and while you’re waiting for your rescuers to find you, you wanted to watch a movie. suppose, further, that the only two videos available were your favorite star trek movie and your favorite star wars movie (whichever ones those happen to be), but your video player has only enough power left for you to watch one of them. which one would you choose? to help decide, since i suspect everyone reading this has a pretty good idea of what to like about both, i’m going to focus on what not to like. star wars is grounded in mythology: the struggle between good and evil drawn in such broad strokes that few characters have any shades of gray. even darth vader, who switches from good to evil and then back again, is never anywhere in between — he flips between extremes. is it any real surprise that the most popular character from the original trilogy is han solo, who isn’t as cut-and-dried? the star wars storyline requires you to take a lot for granted: most fundamentally, the main characters are far, far more important than anyone else in their world, even the “good” ones. look, for instance, at how everyone acts after luke returns from blowing up the death star: they’re all cheering and hugging, and then luke gets really upset about r2-d2 being damaged — his good friend biggs and a dozen other men were just blown to pieces, but luke’s upset because his droid is busted. nice. and at the end of return of the jedi, vader turns good and saves luke by killing the emperor, and then the ghost of anakin skywalker appears along with obi-wan and yoda. this man is responsible for personally killing hundreds of innocent beings, for ordering the deaths of countless more, and for torturing quite a few as well; but he is completely redeemed because he saved his son’s life. this can only mean that luke’s life is worth as much as (or more than) those of all the (probably) thousands of people vader slaughtered put together, because otherwise it simply makes no sense, right? these are the two examples that stand out the most in my mind, but there are plenty more where they came from. star trek begins with a premise so ridiculous it could only have originated in the sixties: a united earth, only about 250 years from now. at least star wars started off by telling you it was happening “in a galaxy far, far away” so any assumptions based on what we know about earth and humanity didn’t necessarily apply. but trek is science fiction, not fantasy, and so different rules need to apply, and they break them all the time. first they go and invent things like warp drive and transporters, which are implausible but not outside the realm of normal suspension of disbelief. then, having created rules around how these marvelous devices work, they regularly break those rules. not enough that the enterprise can travel many times faster than light speed; now they can go through a rift in subspace (or somesuch) and wind up thousands of light years away in an instant. not enough that they can go back and forth between a planet and their ship in a few seconds; now an ion storm (whatever that is) sends them to an alternate universe (yes, one of my favorite episodes, too, but that doesn’t make the premise less silly). and why did it never occur to anyone designing chairs for starfleet to install seat belts? i mean, i know they would have deprived us of some lovely scenes of actors throwing themselves back and forth and pretending to fall, but there might have been other benefits, too! of course, we have to consider the serious failures that are a part of both universes. the star wars universe would look so much better were it not for episodes i – iii, and the ewoks. and the star trek universe would look much better without star trek v, and generations, and insurrection, and (in my opinion, anyway) nemesis, not to mention quite a few episodes of each of the five tv series. i hate to have to make a call here, but my job. i have to give the nod to star trek. for all its technobabble and implausible extrapolation from current reality, just on the whole a better product. far more egalitarian, and so easier to identify with. i get the feeling that, if i were transplanted to the star trek universe, i could make a go of it and be a productive member of society on some level; conversely, i get the feeling that, if i were transplanted to the star wars universe, i would be one of those guys who has two lines and then gets shot by stormtroopers, who as everyone knows can only aim well at unimportant folks. plus, percentage-wise as well as (obviously) length-wise, star trek simply has a lot more good material.

ˈbræmptən ti məˈʤɪʃənz ˈdænjəl ənd rəˈnɑtə luɪs əv ti baɪ ˈdænjəl hæv bɪn æst tɪ sərv ti tɪ hɪz rɔɪəl ˈhaɪnəs ˈʧɑrəlz, prɪns əv weɪlz. ɔl pɑrt əv ðə rɔɪəl tʊr ˈsɛləˌbreɪtɪŋ sesquicentennial*, ər ðə məʧ ˈkænədə 150 wət ðeɪ hæd tɪ seɪ əˈbaʊt ðɪs əˈmeɪzɪŋ dɪˈvɛləpmənt: sərv ti tɪ ˈɛniˌwən ɪz ðə rɔɪəl ˈfæməli ɪz ʤɪst bɪɔnd ˈjuˈɛs. ɪt ɪz ðə ˈgreɪtəst ˈɑnər əv ɑr ɪnˈtaɪər laɪf, ənd wʊd nɑt bi ˈpɑsəbəl wɪˈθaʊt ðə səˈpɔrt əv ɑr ˈfæməli ənd ɑr ˈkəstəmərz θruaʊt ðiz pæst sɪks jɪrz. wi wɔnt tɪ ʃɛr ðɪs ɪkˈsaɪtmənt wɪθ ɔl əv ˈbræmptən! wi hoʊp ðɪs əˈmeɪzɪŋ ɪkˈspɪriəns wɪl sərv ɛz ə ˈsɪmbəl ðət baɪ ˈləvɪŋ ˈpipəl ˈʤɛnjuˌaɪnli ənd ˈpʊtɪŋ jʊr hoʊl hɑrt ˈɪntu wət ju du ðət ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɪz possible!”*!” ðə ɪˈvɛnt ˈhæpənz ɔn ˈfraɪˌdeɪ, ʤun 30 æt ən ˌəndɪˈskloʊzd loʊˈkeɪʃən ɪn ɑnˈtɛrioʊ. ˈfɑloʊ ti baɪ ˈdænjəl ɔn tɪ gɪt ˈfoʊˌtoʊz əv ðə ɪˈvɛnt ɛz ɪt ˈhæpənz. ˈkɑmɛnts ˈkɑmɛnts

brampton tea magicians daniel and renata lewis of t by daniel have been asked to serve tea to his royal highness charles, prince of wales. it’s all part of the royal tour celebrating canada’s sesquicentennial, or the much easier-to-say canada 150. here’s what they had to say about this amazing development: “to serve tea to anyone is the royal family is just beyond us. it is the greatest honour of our entire life, and would not be possible without the support of our family and our customers throughout these past six years. we want to share this excitement with all of brampton! we hope this amazing experience will serve as a symbol that by loving people genuinely and putting your whole heart into what you do that anything is possible!” the event happens on friday, june 30 at an undisclosed location in ontario. follow t by daniel on instagram to get photos of the event as it happens. comments comments

ˈstɔri ˈhaɪˌlaɪts fɪˈdɛl ˈkæstroʊ ɪz noʊ ˈlɔŋgər ðə ˈlidər əv ˈkjubə bət stɪl həz ə strɔŋ ˈɪnfluəns ɪt wɑz ðə fərst ˈvɪzɪt əv ə juz. ˈprɛzɪdənt tɪ ˈkjubə ɪn 88 jɪrz həˈvænə, ˈkjubə (ˈsiˈɛˈnɛn) ɛz ˈkjubənz dəˈbeɪt ðə ˌɪmˈpækt əv ˈprɛzɪdənt ˈbɑrək ˌoʊˈbɑməz hɪˈstɔrɪk trɪp tɪ ðə ˈaɪlənd læst wik, wən ˈprɑmənənt ˈfɪgjər ɪz læmˈbeɪstɪŋ ðə ˈvɪzɪt: fɪˈdɛl ˈkæstroʊ. ɪn ə fʊl peɪʤ ˈkɑləm ˈtaɪtəld "ˈbrəðər ˌoʊˈbɑmə," ˈpəblɪʃt ɪn ðə ˈkjubən ˈnuzˌpeɪpər granma*, ðə ˈfɔrmər ˈkjubən ˈprɛzɪdənt rɪˈʤɛktɪd ˌoʊˈbɑməz ˈvɪzɪt ənd wərdz əv ˌrɛkənˌsɪliˈeɪʃən. "wi doʊnt nid ðə ˈɛmpaɪər tɪ gɪv ˈjuˈɛs ˈɛniˌθɪŋ," ˈkæstroʊ roʊt, rɪˈfərɪŋ tɪ ðə juˈnaɪtɪd steɪts, ɪn hɪz ˈæsədli ˈkrɪtɪkəl ənd ˈræmbəlɪŋ ˈkɑləm. ɪn 2008 fɪˈdɛl ˈkæstroʊ tərnd paʊər ˈoʊvər tɪ hɪz ˈbrəðər rɔl ˈfɑloʊɪŋ ə ˈmɪstəri ˌɪnˈtɛstɪnəl ˈɪlnəs ðət ˈnɪrli kɪld ɪm. waɪl əˈfɪʃəli rɪˈtaɪrd, fɪˈdɛl ˈkæstroʊ, 89 stɪl wildz ɪˈnɔrmɪs ˈɪnfluəns ɪn ˈkjubə ənd əbˈzərvərz ˈstədi hɪz spərˈædɪk ˈkɑləmz ənd əˈpɪrənsəz fər ˈɪnˌsaɪts ˈɪntu ˈkjubəz oʊˈpeɪk pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈsɪstəm. rɛd mɔr

story highlights fidel castro is no longer the leader of cuba but still has a strong influence it was the first visit of a u.s. president to cuba in 88 years havana, cuba (cnn) as cubans debate the impact of president barack obama's historic trip to the island last week, one prominent figure is lambasting the visit: fidel castro. in a full page column titled "brother obama," published in the cuban communist-party newspaper granma, the former cuban president rejected obama's visit and words of reconciliation. "we don't need the empire to give us anything," castro wrote, referring to the united states, in his acidly critical and rambling column. in 2008, fidel castro turned power over to his brother raul following a mystery intestinal illness that nearly killed him. while officially retired, fidel castro, 89, still wields enormous influence in cuba and observers study his sporadic columns and appearances for insights into cuba's opaque political system. read more

dɪz ˈfɪtnəs ˈproʊˌgræm gɪt ˈbɛtər rɪˈzəlts ənd ˌɪnˈkris ˈrɛvəˌnu baɪ: ˈɛrɪk ˈkrɛsi noʊ ˌstætəˈstɪʃən, bət aɪ kən seɪ wɪˈθaʊt ˈweɪvərɪŋ ðət ðə ˈstændərd bɛl kərv ˌæbsəˈlutli əˈplaɪz tɪ ˈfɪtnəs ˈproʊˌgræmz ʤɪst ɛz ɪt dɪz tɪ ˈmɛni ˈəðər ˈæˌspɛkts əv ɑr ˈdeɪli lɪvz. fər ðoʊz əv ju hu nid ə kwɪk rɪˈfrɛʃər, ðə ˈstændərd bɛl kərv ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnts ə ˈnɔrməl ˌdɪstrəˈbjuʃən əv ˈdætə pɔɪnts ˈminɪŋ ˈvæljuz ər ˈikwəli ˈlaɪkli tɪ wɪnd əp əˈbəv ər bɪˈloʊ ðə min. ɪt lʊks laɪk ðɪs: ɛz ju kən si, əv ðə ˈdætə pɔɪnts ɪn kˈwɛʃən fɔl wɪˈθɪn wən ˈstændərd ˌdiviˈeɪʃən əˈbəv ər bɪˈloʊ ðə min. tɪ gɪt dɪˈrɛkli tɪ maɪ pɔɪnt, ðiz ər ðə ˈpipəl ɪn ðə ˈfɪtnəs wərld hu du ˈprɪti wɛl (əˈbəv ðə min) ər ˈrizənəbli wɛl (bɪˈloʊ ðə min) tɪ ˈkʊki ˈkətər ˈproʊˌgræmz. ðə foʊks ɪn ðə zoʊnz (bɪtˈwin wən ənd tu ˈstændərd diviˈeɪʃənz) ər ə bɪt mɔr ɪkˈstrim. ˈmeɪbi ðeɪ ər dɪˈsætəsˌfaɪd wɪθ ðə rɪˈzəlts (bɪˈloʊ ðə min), ər ˈrɪli ˈhæpi wɪθ ðə rɪˈzəlts (əˈbəv ðə min). ˈfaɪnəli, ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ əv ˈpipəl kən goʊ ɪn wən əv tu dɪˈrɛkʃɪnz. ɔn ðə ˈbɑtəm saɪd ˈstændərd diviˈeɪʃənz bɪˈloʊ ðə min) ər ðə hu wɪnd əp ˈrɔɪəli ʤækt əp. ˈmeɪbi ðeɪ stɑrt ɔf wɪθ ˈstrəkʧərəl ˈɪʃuz laɪk (ˈboʊni ˈoʊvərgroʊθ æt ðə hɪp) ðət meɪk skˈwɑtɪŋ ˌɪnˈkrɛdəbli ˌɪnˈʤʊriəs. ˈmeɪbi bɪˈgɪnərz hu ˈsɪmpli priˈpɛrd fər ˈhɛvi ˈloʊdɪŋ raɪt əˈweɪ. ər, ɔn ðə ˈəðər hænd, ðeɪ maɪt bi hu ˈgɪvɪn səˈfɪʃənt ˈloʊdɪŋ tɪ meɪnˈteɪn strɛŋθ. rəˈgɑrdləs, ðeɪ gɪt hərt ər ʤɪst meɪk ˌæbsəˈlutli noʊ ˈprɑˌgrɛs. ðə tɔp ˈstændərd diviˈeɪʃənz əˈbəv ðə min) meɪk əbˈsərdli gʊd ˈprɑˌgrɛs ənd tɛl ɔl ðɛr frɛndz əˈbaʊt ðə ˈproʊˌgræm. laɪk ðə ˈkreɪzi pɑrˈtɪsəpənt ɪn ˈɛvəri spɪn klæs ðət sɪts ɪn ðə frənt roʊ ənd jɛlz, ɪt tɪ me!”*!” æt ðə ˌɪnˈstrəktər fər ðə ɪnˈtaɪər aʊər. ˈfaɪnəli, ðɛr ɪz ðə rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ æt ðə ˈbɑtəm, ðə wənz ə ˈproʊˌgræm tɪ ˈɛniˌwən ənd ˈɛvriˌwən bɪˈkəz ðɛr rɪˈzəlts wər soʊ ˈtɛrəbəl ðət ðeɪ weɪt tɪ rɪd ðə ərθ əv ɪt. ˈkɑnvərsli, æt ðə tɔp, ðɛr ɪz 1 ˈpərsən ɪn ˈɛvəri sɪŋ ðə ˈpreɪzɪz tɪ ˈɛniˌwən ˈlɪsən. hɪz ˈmɪʃən ɪn laɪf bɪˈkəz hɪz rɪˈzəlts wər soʊ ˈɔsəm. dɪz ˈfɪtnəs ˈproʊˌgræm wərk? ɔl ləv tɪ seɪ ðət ɔl ɑr ˈproʊˌgræmz dɪˈlɪvər ðə tɔp əv ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz, bət ðə truθ ɪz ðət ðɪs ˈpɑsəbəl. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ɑr goʊl ɪn ˈproʊˌgræmɪŋ fər ˈæθˌlits ənd klaɪənts ɪz tɪ rɪˈdus ðə ˈnəmbər əv ɪkˈstrim ˈdætə pɔɪnts ɔn ðə ˈbɑtəm saɪd. ɪn ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs, wi ʃɪft ðə ɪnˈtaɪər kərv tɪ ðə raɪt ɔn ðə klaɪənt ˌsætɪsˈfækʃən kənˈtɪnjuəm ənd wi kip ðə loʊz frəm biɪŋ low.”*.” ə ˈnɑvəl ˈkɑnsɛpt, bət haʊ du wi du ɪt? ˈvɛri ˈsɪmpli, wi əˈsɛs ənd ˌɪndɪˈvɪʤəlaɪz əˈkɔrdɪŋli. ənd, waɪl aɪ kʊd teɪk ju θru loʊdz əv əˈsɛsmənts ɪn ðɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl, ðə truθ ɪz ðət ðɪs ɪz ə ˈfɪtnəs ˈbɪznɪs ˈɑrtɪkəl, nɑt ʤɪst ə ˈfɪtnəs ˈɑrtɪkəl. ðɪs bɛl kərv ˈtiʧɪz ˈjuˈɛs ən ɪkˈstrimli ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈlɛsən əˈbaʊt haʊ ɑr ˈbɪznɪs ˈmɑdəlz ˈpɑzətɪvli ər ˈnɛgətɪvli əˈfɛkt ðə ˈlɛvəl əv ˌɪmˈpækt gʊd ər bæd ðət wi kən hæv ɔn clients’*’ lɪvz. rən ə ər ʤɪm wɪθ ɪkˈstrimli ədˈvænst ˈɛksərˌsaɪzɪz, noʊ əˈsɛsmənts, ənd ə smɔl ˈreɪʃiˌoʊ? ɪkˈspɛkt tɪ hæv ə lɔt mɔr dɪˈsætəsˌfaɪd ˈkəstəmərz ˈwɛðər frəm ˈɪnʤəri, læk əv ˈprɑˌgrɛs, ər ʤɪst ə ˈfilɪŋ əv biɪŋ lɔst ɪn ðə ˈʃəfəl. ˈifɛktɪvli, ˈʃɪftɪŋ ðə ɪnˈtaɪər kərv tɪ ðə ˌɪnfɪriˈɔrɪˌti, bət æt ə loʊər praɪs pɔɪnt. ˈkɑnvərsli, ɪf ju faɪnd weɪz tɪ əp frənt wɪθ ə kˈwɑləti əˈsɛsmənt, ˈmænɪʤ grup ˈsaɪzɪz əˈproʊpriɪtli, ənd ˈproʊˌgræm ˌɪndɪˈvɪʤəli fər klaɪənts, goʊɪŋ tɪ ʃɪft ðət ɪnˈtaɪər kərv tɪ ðə ˈɔsəm ˈaʊtˌkəmz, bət ˈjuʒəwəli æt ə haɪər praɪs pɔɪnt. naʊ, ɛz ju kən si, ðə ˈlɛvəl əv ɪn ə ˈproʊˌgræm ɪz dɪˈrɛkli rɪˈleɪtɪd tɪ ðə praɪs pɔɪnt; ˈpərsɪnəl ˈtreɪnɪŋ ʃʊd kɔst mɔr ðən bootcamps*, bɪˈkəz ˈfɪtnəs ˈproʊˌgræm ˈɔfən kəmz æt ən ˌɪnkənˈvinjəns. mɔr time-consuming*, rikˈwaɪərz mɔr ˌɛkspərˈtiz, ənd ɪz ˈlɪmɪtɪd baɪ haʊ məʧ taɪm ə koʊʧ həz fri tɪ wərk ˌwənɔnˈwən wɪθ ə klaɪənt. wɪθ ðət sɛd, ðoʊ, faɪn tɪ bi æt ˈiðər ɛnd əv ðə ˈspɛktrəm: loʊ kɔst ənd ˈmɪnəməl ˈfɪtnəs ˈproʊˌgræm ər haɪər kɔst ənd ˈgreɪtər ˈfɪtnəs ˈproʊˌgræm. ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt tɪ ˈɔlˌweɪz traɪ tɪ bi ˈʃɪftɪŋ ðə kərv tɪ ðə raɪt təˈwɔrd ˈbɛtər ˈaʊtˌkəmz. ˈmeɪbi ɪt minz ə ˌɪnˈstrəktər ˈfɪgjərɪŋ aʊt ə weɪ tɪ ˈɪmpləmənt səm kwɪk ənd ˈizi skrinz ðət kən bi dən ɪn ə grup ˈsɛtɪŋ. ər, pərˈhæps ə ˈpərsɪnəl ˈtreɪnər trænˈzɪʃənz hɪz moʊst ɪkˈspɪriənst klaɪənts tɪ ə ˈfɔrˌmæt tɪ kip ˈrɛvəˌnuz əp waɪl ðoʊz ˌɪndəˈvɪʤəwəlz pʊʃ ənd ˈmoʊtəˌveɪt iʧ ˈəðər ɪn ə grup ˈsɛtɪŋ. ðə aɪˈdiəz ər ˈrɪli ˈɛndləs, bət aɪ θɪŋk ə əˈsɛsmənt ɪz ˌnɑnəˈgoʊʃəbəl; ɛˈsɛnʃəl tɪ æt list hæv ən aɪˈdiə əv haʊ ˈpipəl fil ənd muv. waɪ aɪ wɛnt aʊt əv maɪ weɪ tɪ meɪk ˈfɪtnəs ˈproʊˌgræm ˈiziər tɪ du wɪn aɪ kriˈeɪtɪd maɪ nu ˈrisɔrs, ðə haɪ pərˈfɔrməns ˈhændˌbʊk. ˌbiˈfɔr ju stɑrt ðə ˈproʊˌgræm, ju goʊ θru ə fju kwɪk, bət ˌɪmˈpɔrtənt əˈsɛsmənts ənd ðɛn ɪmˈbɑrk ɔn ə ˈproʊˌgræm ˈsutɪd tɪ jʊr nidz, goʊlz, ənd ˈskɛʤʊl. ˈwɛðər ˈlʊkɪŋ fər ə gʊd ˈproʊˌgræm fər jʊr oʊn ˈtreɪnɪŋ, ər səm aɪˈdiəz ɔn əˈproʊʧɪz ju kən juz wɪθ klaɪənts, ðɪs wɪl bi ə ˈvæljəbəl ˈrisɔrs ɪn jʊr ˈtreɪnɪŋ ˈlaɪbrɛˌri fər jɪrz tɪ kəm. fər mɔr ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən, klɪk hir.

does fitness program individualization get better results and increase revenue by: eric cressey i’m no statistician, but i can say without wavering that the standard bell curve absolutely applies to fitness programs – just as it does to many other aspects of our daily lives. for those of you who need a quick refresher, the standard bell curve represents a normal distribution of data points – meaning values are equally likely to wind up above or below the mean. it looks like this: as you can see, 68.2% of the data points in question fall within one standard deviation above or below the mean. to get directly to my point, these are the people in the fitness world who do pretty well (above the mean) or reasonably well (below the mean) to cookie cutter programs. the folks in the 13.6% zones (between one and two standard deviations) are a bit more extreme. maybe they are dissatisfied with the results (below the mean), or really happy with the results (above the mean). finally, the remaining 4.2% of people can go in one of two directions. on the bottom side (2-3 standard deviations below the mean) are the 2.1% who wind up royally jacked up. maybe they start off with structural issues like femoroacetabular impingement (bony overgrowth at the hip) that make squatting incredibly injurious. maybe they’re beginners who simply aren’t prepared for heavy loading right away. or, on the other hand, they might be powerlifters who aren’t given sufficient loading to maintain strength. regardless, they get hurt – or just make absolutely no progress. the top 2.1% (2-3 standard deviations above the mean) make absurdly good progress and tell all their friends about the program. they’re like the crazy participant in every spin class that sits in the front row and yells, “give it to me!” at the instructor for the entire hour. finally, there is the remaining 0.1%. at the bottom, they’re the ones who’ll badmouth a program to anyone and everyone because their results were so terrible that they can’t wait to rid the earth of it. conversely, at the top, there is 1 person in every 1,000 who’ll sing the program’s praises to anyone who’ll listen. it’s his mission in life – because his results were so awesome. does fitness program individualization work? we’d all love to say that all our programs deliver the top 2.2% of experiences, but the truth is that this isn’t possible. however, our goal in programming for athletes and clients is to reduce the number of extreme data points on the bottom side. in the process, we shift the entire curve to the right on the client satisfaction continuum – and we keep the lows from being “too low.” it’s a novel concept, but how do we do it? very simply, we assess and individualize accordingly. and, while i could take you through loads of assessments in this article, the truth is that this is a fitness business article, not just a fitness article. this bell curve teaches us an extremely important lesson about how our business models positively or negatively affect the level of impact – good or bad – that we can have on clients’ lives. run a bootcamp or crossfit gym with extremely advanced exercises, no assessments, and a small coach-to-client ratio? expect to have a lot more dissatisfied customers – whether it’s from injury, lack of progress, or just a feeling of being lost in the shuffle. effectively, you’re shifting the entire curve to the left…toward inferiority, but at a lower price point. conversely, if you find ways to overdeliver up front with a quality assessment, manage group sizes appropriately, and program individually for clients, you’re going to shift that entire curve to the right…toward awesome outcomes, but usually at a higher price point. now, as you can see, the level of individualization in a program is directly related to the price point; personal training should cost more than bootcamps, because fitness program individualization often comes at an inconvenience. it’s more time-consuming, requires more expertise, and is limited by how much time a coach has free to work one-on-one with a client. with that said, though, it’s fine to be at either end of the spectrum: low cost and minimal fitness program individualization , or higher cost and greater fitness program individualization. however, it’s important to always try to be shifting the curve to the right toward better outcomes. maybe it means a bootcamp instructor figuring out a way to implement some quick and easy screens that can be done in a group setting. or, perhaps a personal trainer transitions his most experienced clients to a semi-private format to keep revenues up while those individuals push and motivate each other in a group setting. the ideas are really endless, but i think a pre-training assessment is non-negotiable; it’s essential to at least have an idea of how people feel and move. that’s why i went out of my way to make fitness program individualization easier to do when i created my new resource, the high performance handbook. before you start the program, you go through a few quick, but important assessments – and then embark on a program that’s suited to your needs, goals, and schedule. whether you’re looking for a good program for your own training, or some ideas on approaches you can use with clients, this will be a valuable resource in your training library for years to come. for more information, click here.

ʤɪst wɪn ju θɔt dræg reɪs ˈhændəl ˈɛni mɔr kwinz, əˈlɔŋ kəm tu mɔr. ˈbɛvərli hɪlz, 90210 vɛts ˈʤɛni gɑrθ ənd ˈtɔri ˈspɛlɪŋ ɔn ˈɛpɪˌsoʊd 8/7c*) ɛz əv ðə meɪn ˈʧælənʤ, ə ˈspɛʃəl pərˈdəkʃən əv 9021-ho*. (waɪp ðət səˈpraɪzd lʊk ɔf jʊr feɪs. dɪd ju ˈrɪli ɪkˈspɛkt ˈɑˈrju tɪ kɔl ɪt ˈɛniˌθɪŋ ɛls?) ʤɪst laɪk ðɛr 90210 ˈkaʊntərˌpɑrts, gɑrθ ənd ˈspɛlɪŋ ər æt ðɛr bɛst wɪn ðeɪ hæv ə ˈkɑmən ˈɛnəmi ɪn ðɪs keɪs, ˈninə braʊn, hu teɪks hər ˈpərsɪnəl frəˈstreɪʃənz wɪθ hər pɑrt aʊt ɔn ðə dɪˈrɛktərz. heɪts you,”*,” ˈspɛlɪŋ ˈwɪspərz tɪ gɑrθ ˈæftər ˈninə livz ðə sɛt, tɪ wɪʧ gɑrθ rɪˈplaɪz, mi? goʊɪŋ tɪ kɪl me.”*.” (ɛz dræg reɪs vjuərz wɪl ˈriˌkɔl, ðɪs ɪz nɑt ðə fərst taɪm həz ˈlændɪd hər ɪn hɑt ˈwɔtər. wɪl ðɪs bi ðə ˈfaɪnəl strɔ ðət lidz tɪ hər ɪˌlɪməˈneɪʃən?) hɪt pleɪ ɔn ɪkˈsklusɪv snik pik bɪˈloʊ, ðɛn drɔp ə ˈkɑmɛnt wɪθ jʊr θɔts ɔn ðə ˈkɑrənt ˈsizən əv dræg reɪs.

just when you thought rupaul’s drag race couldn’t handle any more queens, along come two more. beverly hills, 90210 vets jennie garth and tori spelling guest-star on friday’s episode (vh1, 8/7c) as co-directors of the main challenge, a special all-drag production of 9021-ho. (wipe that surprised look off your face. did you really expect ru to call it anything else?) just like their 90210 counterparts, garth and spelling are at their best when they have a common enemy in this case, nina bo’nina brown, who takes her personal frustrations with her part out on the directors. “she hates you,” spelling whispers to garth after nina leaves the set, to which garth replies, “hates me? she’s going to kill me.” (as drag race viewers will recall, this is not the first time nina’s ‘tude has landed her in hot water. will this be the final straw that leads to her elimination?) hit play on tvline’s exclusive sneak peek below, then drop a comment with your thoughts on the current season of drag race.

bruər, meɪn ˈloʊkəl viˌɛtˈnɑm ˈvɛtərən rɑn ˈwɔrnər, hu həz spɛnt ˈdɛkeɪdz ˈproʊˌtɛstɪŋ lɔŋ weɪt taɪmz fər ˈmeɪnərz ˈsikɪŋ hɛlθ kɛr θru ðə dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈvɛtərənz əˈfɛrz, wɑz ˈrisəntli toʊld hi wʊd hæv tɪ weɪt θri mənθs tɪ faɪnd aʊt ɪf hi hæd ˈkænsər. lɔŋ weɪt taɪmz ˈtrɪgərd ðə nu ˈvɛtərənz ʧɔɪs ˈproʊˌgræm, bət ðə ˈprɔˌsɛs tɪ gɪt ən əˈpɔɪntmənt stɪl wɑz kənfˈjuzɪŋ, sɛd ˈwɔrnər, hu wɔr ə juz. mərˈin kɔrz ˈjunəˌfɔrm frəm 1969 tɪ 1971 ənd ʤɔɪnd ðə dɪˈseɪbəld əˈmɛrɪkən ˈvɛtərənz əˈpɑn hɪz rɪˈtərn ˈsteɪtˈsaɪd. ˈwɔrnər ˈrisəntli faʊnd bləd ɪn hɪz ˈjʊrən ənd hɪz ˈdɔktər ˌrɛkəˈmɛndɪd ə jərˈɑləʤəst bi kənˈsəltɪd. geɪv mi ən əˈpɔɪntmənt 90 deɪz out,”*,” ˈwɔrnər sɛd. ər səˈpoʊzd tɪ gɪt ju ɪn wɪˈθɪn 30 deɪz. ðət wɑz 60 deɪz ˈoʊvər ðə ˈgaɪˌdlaɪn, soʊ ðət kˈwɑləˌfaɪd mi fər ˈvɛtərənz choice.”*.” ðə ˈvɛtərənz ʧɔɪs ˈproʊˌgræm ɪz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˈvɛtərənz wɪθ ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈmɛdɪkəl kɛr θru səˈvɪljən prəˈvaɪdərz wɪn ðɛr ˈloʊkəl fəˈsɪlɪtiz feɪs lɔŋ weɪt taɪmz, ə læk əv əˈveɪləbəl ˈspɛʃəlɪsts ər ɪf ðə ˈvɛtərən lɪvz mɔr ðən 40 maɪəlz frəm ðə ˈkloʊsəst fəˈsɪlɪti ðət prəˈvaɪdz ðə taɪp əv kɛr ðeɪ nid. ɪt wɑz kriˈeɪtɪd ˈəndər ðə ˈɔgəst 2014 ˈvɛtərənz ˈækˌsɛs, ʧɔɪs, ənd əˈkaʊntəˌbɪlɪti ækt əv 2014 ə ˈbɪljən ˈfəndɪŋ ənd rɪˈfɔrm ˈmɛʒər pæst ɪn ðə weɪk əv ə ˈskændəl ˈoʊvər ˈfɔlsəˌfaɪd ˈrɛkərdz ˈkəvərɪŋ əp lɔŋ ˈpeɪʃənt dɪˈleɪz æt ˈhɑˌspɪtəlz ənd ˈklɪnɪks əraʊnd ðə ˈkəntri. hɛlθ ˈsɪstəm ˈnɛvər wɑz ˈɪmplɪˌkeɪtɪd, ənd ˈaʊtpərˌfɔrmd ˈmɛni əv ɪts ˈkaʊntərˌpɑrts ɪn ˈəðər steɪts ɔn weɪt taɪmz. bət ə ˈrisənt ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈgeɪʃən baɪ ə ˈgəvərnmənt ˈwɑʧˌdɔg faʊnd ˌɪnəˈproʊpriɪt ˈpræktɪsɪz, ˌɪnˈkludɪŋ mɪsˈhændəld rɪˈfərəlz ənd əˈpɔɪntmənt ˈskɛʤʊlɪŋ fər ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ ˈtritmənt, ənd ə ˈʃɔrtɪʤ əv prəˈvaɪdərz. ðə ˈsɪstəm ɪn meɪn ɪz naʊ rɪˈkrutɪŋ ˈdɑktərz ənd ˈəðər prəˈvaɪdərz tɪ sərv ˈpeɪʃənz ˈəndər ðə ˈvɛtərənz ʧɔɪs ˈproʊˌgræm. sɪns ðə ˈproʊˌgræm ɪz stɪl ɪn ɪts ˈɪnfənsi, ðɛr ɪz ə lɔt əv kənfˈjuʒən, sɛd ʤoʊæn ˈbrædˌʃɔ, ˈmænɪʤər æt ðə ˈbæŋˌgɔr ˈklɪnɪk. ˈteɪkɪŋ əˈbaʊt 200 kɔlz ə day,”*,” ʃi sɛd ˈərliər ðɪs mənθ, ʤɪst ˌbiˈfɔr ən ˌɪnˈfɔrˌmeɪʃənəl ˈproʊˌgræm ˈɔfərd æt ðə ˈklɪnɪk fər ˈpeɪʃənz tɪ lərn mɔr əˈbaʊt ˈvɛtərənz ʧɔɪs. ðə ˈbæŋˌgɔr ˈklɪnɪk həz sɪks ˈfʊlˌtaɪm prəˈvaɪdərz ənd ˈhændəlz əraʊnd ˈpeɪʃənz ˈænjuəli. traɪ tɪ gɪt ə ˈpərsən ɪn wɪˈθɪn 30 days,”*,” ˈbrædˌʃɔ sɛd. ðət happen.”*.” ˈnupɔrt dɪˈseɪbəld ˈvɛtərən ʤɔrʤ ˈmæθɪs, ə ˈfɔrmər dɪˈseɪbəld əˈmɛrɪkən ˈvɛtərənz steɪt kəˈmændər, sɛd hi wɑz kənfˈjuzd əˈbaʊt ˈvɛtərənz ʧɔɪs ˈrisəntli wɪn hi ˈstɑrtɪd ˈhævɪŋ hɑrt ˌpælpɪˈteɪʃənz. lɪv wɪˈθɪn ə ˈreɪdiəs əv ə hɛlθ ˈsɛnər bət aɪ goʊ tɪ ðə ˈbæŋˌgɔr [fər ˈimərʤənsiz] bɪˈkəz nɑt ə ˈwɔˌkɪn clinic,”*,” ˈmæθɪs sɛd. hi ɪkˈspleɪnd hɪz ˌsɪʧuˈeɪʃən tɪ ˈʤoʊdi, ə ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪv frəm meɪn ˈhɛlθˌkɛr ˈsɪstəm, ˈdʊrɪŋ ən ˌɪnˈfɔrˌmeɪʃənəl ˈmitɪŋ. ʃi ɪkˈspleɪnd ðət ðə ˈvɛtərənz ʧɔɪs kɑrd dɪz nɑt ˈkəvər ˈimərʤənsi kɛr ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə. həz tɪ bi pre-authorized,”*,” sɛd. bɪn ˈvɛri ˈhɛlpfəl wɪθ ðə ˈvɛri ˈrʊrəl population.”*.” fər ˈwɔrnər, ðə ˈvɛtərənz ʧɔɪs ˈproʊˌgræm ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli hɛlpt gɪt ɪm tɪ ə ˈdɔktər ɪn ˈɛlzwərθ. hi ˈlərnɪd cancer-free*, bət hɪz ˈdɔktər naʊ həz tɪ træk daʊn noʊts frəm ðə səˈvɪljən jərˈɑləʤəst tɪ meɪk ə plæn tɪ trit hɪz ənrɪˈzɑlvd ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈprɑbləmz, hi sɛd. ðət ˈhæpən wɪˈθɪn ðə ˌɪˌlɛkˈtrɑnɪk ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈrɛkərd ˈsɪstəm. ˈgɪtɪŋ ðə əˈpɔɪntmənt tʊk ˈɛfərt ɔn hɪz pɑrt. ˈwɔrnər, hu ˈɔlsoʊ ˈkɑnˌtæktɪd ə meɪn ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈsɛnər əˈfɪʃəl, ˈərʤɪz ˈəðər ˈvɛtərənz tɪ əˈgrɛsɪvli pərˈsu ðɛr ˈmɛdɪkəl kɛr ˈrəðər ðən ˈlæŋgwɪʃ ɔn waitlists*. kɔld ðə ˈvɛtərənz ʧɔɪs ənd ðeɪ pʊt mi ɔn ðɛr list,”*,” ˈwɔrnər sɛd. toʊld mi ðeɪ wʊd gɪt bæk tɪ mi ɪn fɔr ər faɪv deɪz ənd ðeɪ didn’t*. twɛlv ˈbɪznɪs deɪz ˈæftər ðət aɪ stɪl hərd frəm them.”*.” ˈwɔrnər, ən ˈæktɪvɪst sɪns æt list 1998 wɪn hi mænd ˈpɪkɪt laɪnz ənd hɛld ə ˈhəŋgər straɪk tɪ ˈproʊˌtɛst kənˈdɪʃənz ənd ˈweɪtɪŋ taɪmz tɪ si ə ˈdɔktər æt wət wɑz ðɛn ðə ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈsɛnər ɪn əˈgəstə, kɔld sɛn. ˈsuzən collins’*’ ˈbæŋˌgɔr ˈɔfəs. wən əv hər ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnətɪvz meɪd ə fju kɔlz ðət, hi sɪz, gɑt ðə bɔl ˈroʊlɪŋ. ˈkɑlɪnz ənd juz. sɛn. ˈæŋgəs kɪŋ lɛd ə baɪˈpɑrtɪzən grup ðət səkˈsɛsfəli pʊʃt ðə tɪ ˈwaɪdən ˌɛlɪʤəˈbɪlɪti fər ðə ˈproʊˌgræm. ɪn mɑrʧ, ðə əˈnaʊnst ɪt wʊd juz ˈækʧəwəl ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˈdɪstəns tɪ ˈkælkjəˌleɪt ðə rɪkˈwaɪrmənt, ˈrəðər ðən ˈmɛʒərɪŋ ɪt ðə kroʊ flies.”*.” ðə ˈsɛnətərz ər ˈsikɪŋ ˈəðər ˈʧeɪnʤɪz, ˈɑrgjuɪŋ ðə rulz ˈɔlsoʊ ʃʊd kənˈsɪdər ðə taɪp əv kɛr əˈveɪləbəl wɪˈθɪn 40 maɪəlz əv ə hoʊm. rɛpriˈzɛtətɪv. brus poʊlikˈwin ˈrisəntli ðə veterans’*’ ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ kɛr ˈækˌsɛs ækt, wɪʧ ɪkˈspændz ðə ʧɔɪs ˈproʊˌgræm tɪ əˈlaʊ ˈvɛtərənz tɪ sik ˌɪˈmiˌdiət ˈmɛntəl hɛlθ kɛr æt ˈɛni fəˈsɪlɪti ˈɛlɪʤəbəl tɪ rɪˈsiv ˈmɛdəˌkɛr ər ˈmɛdəˌkeɪd ˌriɪmˈbərsmənt, əˈkɔrdɪŋ tɪ ə ˈspoʊksmən. wɑz frustrated,”*,” ˈwɔrnər sɛd. kˈwɛʃən ɪz: haʊ ˈmɛni ˈvɛtərənz ər aʊt ðɛr waiting?”*?” ˈvɛtərənz hu wɔnt tɪ ʧɛk tɪ si ɪf ðeɪ ər ˈɛlɪʤəbəl fər ðə ˈvɛtərənz ʧɔɪs kɑrd kən kɔl ðə ˈɔlsoʊ həz ə nu ˈɔnˌlaɪn ˈsərvɪs, myhealth.va.gov*, wɪʧ kən bi juzd tɪ sɛt əp ənd træk əˈpɔɪntmənts, prəˈskrɪpʃən ˈrifɪlz, prəˈvaɪd ˈwɛlnəs riˈmaɪndərz ənd gɪt ˌɪnˌfɔrˈmeɪʃən əˈbaʊt ə læb rɪˈzəlts. meɪn ˈhɛlθˌkɛr ˈrisəntli lɔnʧt ə ˈpeɪʃənt kɔl ˈsɛnər, stæft baɪ faɪv ˈrɛʤɪstərd ˈnərsɪz ənd 13 ˈmɛdɪkəl səˈpɔrt əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪts, ðət ˈvɛtərənz kən juz tɪ gɪt hɛlθ kɛr kˈwɛsʧənz ˈænsərd ənd ˈskɛʤʊl əˈpɔɪntmənts. ðə kɔl ˈsɛnər ɪz əˈveɪləbəl æt ext*. 7490 ər ext*. 7490 wət ɪz ðə ˈvɛtərənz ʧɔɪs ˈproʊˌgræm? ðə ˈvɛtərənz ʧɔɪs ˈproʊˌgræm ɪz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ prəˈvaɪd ˈvɛtərənz wɪθ ˈækˌsɛs tɪ ˈmɛdɪkəl kɛr wɪn ðɛr ˈloʊkəl fəˈsɪlɪti ˈfeɪsɪz lɔŋ weɪt taɪmz, ə læk əv əˈveɪləbəl ˈspɛʃəlɪsts, ər ɪf ðə ˈvɛtərən lɪvz fɑr frəm ðə ˈkloʊsəst fəˈsɪlɪti ðət prəˈvaɪdz ðə taɪp əv kɛr ðeɪ nid. ˈəndər ðə ˈproʊˌgræm, ˈvɛtərənz kən si hɛlθ prəˈvaɪdərz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ðə ˈsɪstəm, ˈrəðər ðən ˈweɪtɪŋ fər ə əˈpɔɪntmənt ər ˈtrævəlɪŋ tɪ ə fəˈsɪlɪti. ˈɛlɪʤəbəl ˈvɛtərənz ər ˈɪʃud ə ˈvɛtərənz ʧɔɪs kɑrd, wɪʧ ɪz nɑt ən ˌɪnˈʃʊrəns kɑrd. ər ju ˈɛlɪʤəbəl? ɪf ju ər ɔˈrɛdi ɛnˈroʊld ɪn hɛlθ kɛr, ju meɪ bi ˈɛlɪʤəbəl ɪf: ju hæv ˈweɪtɪd ər ɪkˈspɛkt tɪ weɪt mɔr ðən 30 deɪz fər ˈmɛdɪkəl kɛr. ju lɪv mɔr ðən 40 maɪəlz frəm ə fəˈsɪlɪti. ˈjuzɪŋ ðə ˈproʊˌgræm dɪz nɑt əˈfɛkt kɛr ju rɪˈsiv wɪˈθɪn ðə ˈsɪstəm. ðə ʧɔɪs kɑrd ɪz dɪˈzaɪnd tɪ ˌsəpləˈmɛnt, nɑt ˌriˈpleɪs, ðət kɛr. ɔl kɛr rɪˈsivd ˈəndər ðə ˈproʊˌgræm məst bi pre-authorized*. kɛr frəm prəˈvaɪdərz ɪz ˈkəvərd ˈoʊnli fər ˈmɛdɪkəl nidz əˈpruvd baɪ jʊr fəˈzɪʃən. ðə ˈproʊˌgræm dɪz nɑt ˈkəvər ˈimərʤənsi kɛr. ˈvɛtərənz hu wɔnt tɪ ʧɛk tɪ si ɪf ðeɪ ər ˈɛlɪʤəbəl kən kɔl sɔrs: juz. dɪˈpɑrtmənt əv ˈvɛtərənz əˈfɛrz