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protobowl-11-13

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q192_3

This city was named after the Pottawatomie (POT-ah-WAH-tah-mee) for either "smelly onion place" or "skunk." An early road in this city crossed the "Nine-Mile Swamp" and Des Plaines (day PLAINS) River. Its Statistical Metropolitan Area includes Kenosha and Gary.

q192

This city was named after the Pottawatomie (POT-ah-WAH-tah-mee) for either "smelly onion place" or "skunk." An early road in this city crossed the "Nine-Mile Swamp" and Des Plaines (day PLAINS) River. Its Statistical Metropolitan Area includes Kenosha and Gary. This seat of Cook County is on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan. For 10 points, name this third largest city in the United States known as the "Windy City."

Chicago

q44_1

In this body of water are the Emperor Seamounts and the Chinook Trough.

q44

In this body of water are the Emperor Seamounts and the Chinook Trough. The Ryukyu Trench lies in it, and its islands include Pitcairn Island and Wake Island. Its deepest point is Challenger Deep, which is in the Marianas Trench. Melanesia and Micronesia are island groups in, for 10 points, what ocean that contains Tonga, Fiji, and Guam?

Pacific Ocean [do not accept or prompt on more specific answers]

q1555_1

This man is told by the ghost of his wife Creusa to leave for Hesperia after carrying his father Anchises (ann-KYE-sees) and son Ascanius out of a besieged city.

q1555

This man is told by the ghost of his wife Creusa to leave for Hesperia after carrying his father Anchises (ann-KYE-sees) and son Ascanius out of a besieged city. He visits the underworld with the help of a golden bough, on the advice of the Cumaean Sibyl. He duels Turnus for the hand of Lavinia. After this son of Venus leaves Carthage, Dido kills herself. For 10 points, name this Trojan who founds Rome according to an epic by Virgil.

Aeneas [prompt on The Aeneid]

q4339_4

This man's brothers were Nahor and Haran, and his father was Terah. He told his wife to say that she was his sister to evade Egyptian guards. This man fathered Ishmael with Hagar, but he is more famous for nearly (*) sacrificing his son, Isaac. For 10 points, name this Old Testament figure whose wife was Sarah and who made a covenant with God, making him a patriarchal figure in Islam, Christianity, and Judaism.

q4339

This man's brothers were Nahor and Haran, and his father was Terah. He told his wife to say that she was his sister to evade Egyptian guards. This man fathered Ishmael with Hagar, but he is more famous for nearly (*) sacrificing his son, Isaac. For 10 points, name this Old Testament figure whose wife was Sarah and who made a covenant with God, making him a patriarchal figure in Islam, Christianity, and Judaism.

Abraham [accept Abram]

q3048_5

Frederick Muhlenberg was the first person to hold this office. This office is granted appointment power for select and conference committees. It confers the ability to schedule legislation for the floor and the person in this position controls the flow of debate. It is second in the line of presidential succession. For 10 points, what position was previously held by Dennis Hastert and is currently held by Nancy Pelosi?

q3048

Frederick Muhlenberg was the first person to hold this office. This office is granted appointment power for select and conference committees. It confers the ability to schedule legislation for the floor and the person in this position controls the flow of debate. It is second in the line of presidential succession. For 10 points, what position was previously held by Dennis Hastert and is currently held by Nancy Pelosi?

{Speaker of the House} of Representatives

q4868_3

In conics, if this value is less than 0, a circle or ellipse forms. If this value is 0 in cubic functions, there is one root of multiplicity 2. If this value is positive in a quadratic equation, then there are two real solutions; and the formula for finding this value in a quadratic equation is b squared minus four a c.

q4868

In conics, if this value is less than 0, a circle or ellipse forms. If this value is 0 in cubic functions, there is one root of multiplicity 2. If this value is positive in a quadratic equation, then there are two real solutions; and the formula for finding this value in a quadratic equation is b squared minus four a c. For 10 points, name this value which can be used to determine the nature of roots of a function.

discriminant

q413_3

This object was used as a piece of building material in the construction of Fort Julien in the Nile Delta. It was discovered by a French soldier that occupied the fort in 1799, and Jean-Francois Champollion (ZHAN fran-SWAH SHAM-POE-lee-own) deciphered it in 1822. For 10 points, name this artifact carved in a basalt tablet and written in three languages, which permitted linguists to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphics for the first time in modern history.

q413

This object was used as a piece of building material in the construction of Fort Julien in the Nile Delta. It was discovered by a French soldier that occupied the fort in 1799, and Jean-Francois Champollion (ZHAN fran-SWAH SHAM-POE-lee-own) deciphered it in 1822. For 10 points, name this artifact carved in a basalt tablet and written in three languages, which permitted linguists to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphics for the first time in modern history.

Rosetta Stone

q1522_3

Euler characteristic of platonic solids have this value. This integer times pi gives the number of radians in the unit circle. Truth tables can evaluate to this many outputs.

q1522

Euler characteristic of platonic solids have this value. This integer times pi gives the number of radians in the unit circle. Truth tables can evaluate to this many outputs. This value expressed in binary is 10 (ONE ZERO). This is the highest degree of a quadratic function as is the number of congruent sides in an isosceles triangle. For 10 points, give this smallest prime number, which divides all even numbers.

2

q2511_3

During one of these events, what is observed is based on the viewer's location relative to the path of totality. Viewers of them might see the annulus or corona, if they are standing in the antiumbra. Viewers standing in the penumbra will see a partial form, while during a total one, the corona may be seen.

q2511

During one of these events, what is observed is based on the viewer's location relative to the path of totality. Viewers of them might see the annulus or corona, if they are standing in the antiumbra. Viewers standing in the penumbra will see a partial form, while during a total one, the corona may be seen. For 10 points, name this event in which the moon appears to block out the sun.

{solar eclipse} [prompt on eclipse]

q317_2

In the movie Cats & Dogs, he provided the voice for Lou the Beagle. In another movie, he and his sister, played by Reese Witherspoon, are transported to the 1950s sitcom Pleasantville.

q317

In the movie Cats & Dogs, he provided the voice for Lou the Beagle. In another movie, he and his sister, played by Reese Witherspoon, are transported to the 1950s sitcom Pleasantville. He played a Depression-era jockey who somehow finds success on an undersized horse in Seabiscuit. For 10 points, name this actor who starred as Peter Parker in the first trilogy of Spider-Man movies.

{Tobey Maguire}

q323_2

Lee Deforest is considered one of the inventors of this technique in the early 1900s when he was working on space telegraphy. This form of radio communication involves the transmission of sinusoidal waves that have varying strength over time.

q323

Lee Deforest is considered one of the inventors of this technique in the early 1900s when he was working on space telegraphy. This form of radio communication involves the transmission of sinusoidal waves that have varying strength over time. Most early commercial radios used this technique due to its simplicity. (*) For 10 points, name this radio transmission methodology contrasted with frequency modulation.

{amplitude modulation} or {AM radio} [prompt on \"radio\" or similar answers]

q1752_4

These objects explained the Vine-Matthews hypothesis about the reversal of the Earth's magnetic field. Seafloor spreading occurs at divergent boundaries between these objects. These objects were first proposed in Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift. They slide past each other at transform faults.

q1752

These objects explained the Vine-Matthews hypothesis about the reversal of the Earth's magnetic field. Seafloor spreading occurs at divergent boundaries between these objects. These objects were first proposed in Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift. They slide past each other at transform faults. For 10 points, what masses of crust float along the mantle and include the Eurasian, Arabian, and Pacific?

{tectonic plates} [or {plate tectonics}]

q3264_5

This present-day nation was the center of Axum, and its church claims to hold the Ark of the Covenant. It defeated Italy at the Battle of Adowa under Emperor Menilek (MEN-ee-lek) II. Rastafarians (RAHSS-tah-FAR-ee-ins) hold that another emperor, Haile Selassie (HAY-lee seh-LAH-see), was the second coming of Jesus. Its first emperor was supposedly the son of the Queen of Sheba. For 10 points, name this African nation currently led by Girma Wolde-Giorgis (JER-mah WOLD-uh JOR-jiss) from Addis Ababa.

q3264

This present-day nation was the center of Axum, and its church claims to hold the Ark of the Covenant. It defeated Italy at the Battle of Adowa under Emperor Menilek (MEN-ee-lek) II. Rastafarians (RAHSS-tah-FAR-ee-ins) hold that another emperor, Haile Selassie (HAY-lee seh-LAH-see), was the second coming of Jesus. Its first emperor was supposedly the son of the Queen of Sheba. For 10 points, name this African nation currently led by Girma Wolde-Giorgis (JER-mah WOLD-uh JOR-jiss) from Addis Ababa.

Federal Democratic Republic of {Ethiopia} [or {Ityop'iya Federalawi Demokrasiyawi Ripeblik;} prompt on {Abyssinia}]

q289_2

This poet delivered "The Gift Outright" at President John F. Kennedy's inauguration. One of his poems observes that "good fences make good neighbors" and is called "Mending Wall."

q289

This poet delivered "The Gift Outright" at President John F. Kennedy's inauguration. One of his poems observes that "good fences make good neighbors" and is called "Mending Wall." His poem "Nothing Gold Can Stay" notes that "Nature's first green is gold." For 10 points, name this poet who stated in his most famous poem that he took "the road less traveled by, and that has made all the difference."

Robert Lee Frost

q4197_2

In one myth, these creatures rose from the blood spilled by Uranus when his son Cronus castrated him. They chased Oedipus (ED-uh-puhs) for wedding his mother and are believed to punish those who swear false oaths.

q4197

In one myth, these creatures rose from the blood spilled by Uranus when his son Cronus castrated him. They chased Oedipus (ED-uh-puhs) for wedding his mother and are believed to punish those who swear false oaths. Their members include Alecto (uh-LEK-toh), Megaera (muh-JEER-uh), and Tisiphone (ti-SIF-uh-nee). For 10 points, name these fearsome female winged deities of vengeance from Greco- Roman mythology.

{Erinnyes} [{accept} Eumenídes; accept {Furies;} accept Dirae (dahy-ree)]

q2571_1

In one of his paintings, this man included a self-portrait as the flayed skin held by St. Bartholomew; the nudity in that painting was censored by the Catholic Church.

q2571

In one of his paintings, this man included a self-portrait as the flayed skin held by St. Bartholomew; the nudity in that painting was censored by the Catholic Church. This man sculpted a horned Moses and worked on the tomb of Pope (*) Julius II. This artist showed the end of times in his mural titled The Last Judgment. For 10 points, identify this Renaissance artist who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

Michelangelo (di Lodovico) Buonarroti (Simoni) [accept either underlined name]

q4010_3

In 1994 this band released their debut album, the Blue Album. One music video by them shows groups of people breaking Guinness World Records including Largest Game of Dodgeball and Largest Air Guitar Ensemble. Its lead singer is Rivers Cuomo.

q4010

In 1994 this band released their debut album, the Blue Album. One music video by them shows groups of people breaking Guinness World Records including Largest Game of Dodgeball and Largest Air Guitar Ensemble. Its lead singer is Rivers Cuomo. For 10 points, name this band whose songs include "Beverly Hills," "Troublemaker," and "Say it Ain't So."

Weezer

q541_2

In Jainism, this object's central point is Mount Meru. In Chinese mythology, this object is the lower half of a cosmic egg split by Pangu, while in ancient Egypt the original form of this object was the primordial (*) mound.

q541

In Jainism, this object's central point is Mount Meru. In Chinese mythology, this object is the lower half of a cosmic egg split by Pangu, while in ancient Egypt the original form of this object was the primordial (*) mound. This region will be reborn from a massive flood after Rangarok. For 10 points, name this planet subjected to a massive flood that Noah escaped.

{Earth} [accept equivalents like world or land before \"planet\" is mentioned]

q141_2

One novel by this man sees a recurring protagonist help to rescue his friend Chingachgook's betrothed Wah-ta!-wah from the Hurons. This man wrote another novel in which the angry Magua (MAHG-wah) tries to kill Cora Munro, and the title person is not the protagonist Hawkeye, but rather Uncas (UN-kass) .

q141

One novel by this man sees a recurring protagonist help to rescue his friend Chingachgook's betrothed Wah-ta!-wah from the Hurons. This man wrote another novel in which the angry Magua (MAHG-wah) tries to kill Cora Munro, and the title person is not the protagonist Hawkeye, but rather Uncas (UN-kass) . For ten points, name this author whose Leatherstocking Tales include The Deerslayer and The Last of the Mohicans.

James Fenimore {Cooper}

q5073_1

This compound is converted to Vitamin D in the presence of ultraviolet-B light.

q5073

This compound is converted to Vitamin D in the presence of ultraviolet-B light. It is carried in the blood by lipoproteins (“LIPE-oh-PRO-teens”), with the “good” kind carried by high-density ones. The “bad” kind, carried by LDLs, can build up on arteries to form plaques. For 10 points, 300 milligrams per day is the recommended dietary allowance of what waxy substance, high levels of which place an individual at greater risk for heart disease?

{cholesterol}

q1394_1

Characters in this novel include the Zoroastrian Fedallah (feh-DAH-lah), a Native American called Tashtego, and a South Sea islander named Queequeg (KWEE-KWAIG).

q1394

Characters in this novel include the Zoroastrian Fedallah (feh-DAH-lah), a Native American called Tashtego, and a South Sea islander named Queequeg (KWEE-KWAIG). This novel's narrator begins by telling the reader to "call me Ishmael" and ends up clinging to a coffin when the captain of the Pequod and all but one of his crew are drowned. For 10 points, Herman Melville wrote what novel about Ahab's quest for the white whale?

{Moby}-{Dick} (or {The Whale})

q1824_4

This constellation is often interpreted as fighting Taurus with his dogs Canis Minor and Canis Major. Stars within this constellation include the “amazon star” Bellatrix (“BELL-uh-tricks”), the red giant Betelgeuse (“beetle juice”), and Rigel (“RYE-gull”). It is most easily recognizable by the three stars making up the belt of the figure in this constellation. For 10 points, name this constellation also known as "the Hunter."

q1824

This constellation is often interpreted as fighting Taurus with his dogs Canis Minor and Canis Major. Stars within this constellation include the “amazon star” Bellatrix (“BELL-uh-tricks”), the red giant Betelgeuse (“beetle juice”), and Rigel (“RYE-gull”). It is most easily recognizable by the three stars making up the belt of the figure in this constellation. For 10 points, name this constellation also known as "the Hunter."

{Orion} [prompt on “the {Hunter} before mentioned]

q1254_3

The muon was detected in a device named for these objects; that device was succeeded by the bubble chamber. Adding silver iodide to these structures attempts to release their contents in a namesake "seeding" technique. These structures are formed when the temperature falls below the dew point, causing condensation of water.

q1254

The muon was detected in a device named for these objects; that device was succeeded by the bubble chamber. Adding silver iodide to these structures attempts to release their contents in a namesake "seeding" technique. These structures are formed when the temperature falls below the dew point, causing condensation of water. For 10 points, cumulus, stratus, and cirrus are all types of what water formations in the sky?

{clouds} [accept {cloud chamber} before "release" is read]

q787_1

Some of this company's products use the SpiderMonkey JavaScript engine and the Gecko rendering engine.

q787

Some of this company's products use the SpiderMonkey JavaScript engine and the Gecko rendering engine. This free software company grew out of Netscape and produces an email client called Thunderbird. Its most popular product, currently on version 19, has a mobile version called Fennec and is a web (*) browser that was recently passed in market share by Google Chrome. For 10 points, name this company that produces Firefox.

Mozilla

q1461_2

When James Madison revised this, it called for 7-year terms of office for Senators and 3-years terms for House members. Proposed by Edmund Randolph as 15 resolutions, more notable aspects of this plan included three branches of government and representation determined by population for both Houses.

q1461

When James Madison revised this, it called for 7-year terms of office for Senators and 3-years terms for House members. Proposed by Edmund Randolph as 15 resolutions, more notable aspects of this plan included three branches of government and representation determined by population for both Houses. (*) For 10 points, identify this plan of government, named for the home state of Madison and Randolph, as well as Thomas Jefferson.

Virginia Plan

q2027_4

The Antennae and The Mice are interacting examples of these objects, and Seyfert's Sextet are a group of them. Tidal tails form in these objects, when one or more of them merge. Edwin Hubble classified these on a "tuning fork diagram", which includes the elliptical and (*) spiral types. M31 is the Andromeda example of, and our own Milky way is another of, for 10 points, what large collections of stars?

q2027

The Antennae and The Mice are interacting examples of these objects, and Seyfert's Sextet are a group of them. Tidal tails form in these objects, when one or more of them merge. Edwin Hubble classified these on a "tuning fork diagram", which includes the elliptical and (*) spiral types. M31 is the Andromeda example of, and our own Milky way is another of, for 10 points, what large collections of stars?

{galaxy}

q1435_4

This man's nonfiction work A Footnote to History includes firsthand accounts of civil war in Samoa. He wrote a story in which Dr. Lanyon dies from shock after seeing a respectable doctor turn into the murderer Edward Hyde. This man's novel Catriona (kuh-TREE-nuh) is a sequel to a work about David Balfour, and another of his works features the pirate Long John Silver. For 10 points, name this author of Kidnapped and Treasure Island.

q1435

This man's nonfiction work A Footnote to History includes firsthand accounts of civil war in Samoa. He wrote a story in which Dr. Lanyon dies from shock after seeing a respectable doctor turn into the murderer Edward Hyde. This man's novel Catriona (kuh-TREE-nuh) is a sequel to a work about David Balfour, and another of his works features the pirate Long John Silver. For 10 points, name this author of Kidnapped and Treasure Island.

Robert Louis Balfour {Stevenson}

q1247_3

In this novel, a town is fooled by two men who pull off the Royal Nonesuch, and those men go on to steal the property of the late Peter Wilkes. The Widow Douglas wants to “sivilize” the title character, who misses a turn at Cairo ("KAY-row") and keeps floating south. For 10 points, name this novel that sees Jim and the title friend of Tom Sawyer travel down the Mississippi River, a work by Mark Twain.

q1247

In this novel, a town is fooled by two men who pull off the Royal Nonesuch, and those men go on to steal the property of the late Peter Wilkes. The Widow Douglas wants to “sivilize” the title character, who misses a turn at Cairo ("KAY-row") and keeps floating south. For 10 points, name this novel that sees Jim and the title friend of Tom Sawyer travel down the Mississippi River, a work by Mark Twain.

The Adventures of {Huckleberry Finn}

q5362_4

This newspaper was sued by Alabama public safety officer Louis B. Sullivan. Its long-time publisher, Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, died in 2012. It won one of its 108 Pulitzer prizes for printing The Pentagon Papers. One nickname of this newspaper is "the Old (*) Gray Lady."

q5362

This newspaper was sued by Alabama public safety officer Louis B. Sullivan. Its long-time publisher, Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, died in 2012. It won one of its 108 Pulitzer prizes for printing The Pentagon Papers. One nickname of this newspaper is "the Old (*) Gray Lady." "All the News That's Fit to Print" is the motto of, for 10 points, what daily newspaper published in the "Big Apple"?

The {New York Times} [accept {NYT;} prompt on {\"Times\"}]

q992_1

This person from Gath defied the armies of Israel, demanding a fight to the death with one person under the condition that the winner's side would enslave the loser's side.

q992

This person from Gath defied the armies of Israel, demanding a fight to the death with one person under the condition that the winner's side would enslave the loser's side. He is finally challenged in the book of First Samuel Chapter 17 by the son of (*) Jesse, who was then a servant to Saul. For 10 points, name this large Philistine who is beheaded after being hit in the forehead by a stone from David's slingshot.

Goliath

q4816_1

These objects are often responsible for the formation of "rock flour."

q4816

These objects are often responsible for the formation of "rock flour." When these objects retreat, they often create eskers and drumlins and leave moraines. They often create "v" and "u" shaped (*) valleys along with fjords. When these objects break apart, they form icebergs and can create large crevasses in their surface. For 10 points, name these large bodies of moving ice.

glaciers

q1433_5

One mission in this program docked with the spacecraft used by Soyuz (soy-"OOZE") 19. The numerically first mission in this program was retroactively named after a fire burst out during a test run. Harrison Schmitt, a geologist, was part of its last mission, number 17. One mission in this program spawned the line, "Houston, we've had a problem." For 10 points, name this NASA program whose mission 11 saw man first walk on the moon.

q1433

One mission in this program docked with the spacecraft used by Soyuz (soy-"OOZE") 19. The numerically first mission in this program was retroactively named after a fire burst out during a test run. Harrison Schmitt, a geologist, was part of its last mission, number 17. One mission in this program spawned the line, "Houston, we've had a problem." For 10 points, name this NASA program whose mission 11 saw man first walk on the moon.

{Apollo} Program [accept {Apollo Extension Series} or {Apollo Applications Program} before "first"]

q191_1

Cyrus the Great allowed this structure to be built to replace a similar building destroyed during Nebuchadnezzar II's reign.

q191

Cyrus the Great allowed this structure to be built to replace a similar building destroyed during Nebuchadnezzar II's reign. Judas Maccabaeus cleansed and rededicated this structure in events celebrated during Hanukkah. This building served as the Sanhedrin's meeting place and was mostly destroyed in 70 AD. For 10 points, the West, or Wailing, Wall is the only remaining part of the latter of what Jewish holy site?

{Second Temple} of {Jerusalem} [prompt on {Temple} of {Jerusalem;} do not accept {"First Temple} of {Jerusalem"}]

q4046_3

One of these conflicts contained the Battle of the Trebia and the Battle of Lake Trasimene. Cato the Elder said during the last one that the enemy city "delenda est," meaning that it must be destroyed. In the second of these wars, (*) Scipio Africanus defeated Hasdrubal and then finished the war at the Battle of Zama, where he defeated Hannibal.

q4046

One of these conflicts contained the Battle of the Trebia and the Battle of Lake Trasimene. Cato the Elder said during the last one that the enemy city "delenda est," meaning that it must be destroyed. In the second of these wars, (*) Scipio Africanus defeated Hasdrubal and then finished the war at the Battle of Zama, where he defeated Hannibal. For 10 points, name this series of three conflicts between Rome and Carthage.

Punic Wars

q1386_1

This figure lost his first wife after she bounced so high she hit her head on the moon.

q1386

This figure lost his first wife after she bounced so high she hit her head on the moon. He won a wrestling match with the Bear Lake Monster and wore a rattlesnake necktie. This figure was raised by coyotes until the age of fifteen and attempted to ride a tornado like a horse, creating Death Valley when he finally fell off. For 10 points, name this cowboy hero of American folklore.

{Pecos Bill} [prompt on Bill]

q1108_3

This leader defeated General Arnegisclus (ar-neh-GISS-kluss) at the Battle of the Utus shortly before destroying the city of Marcianopolis. He withdrew after the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains against armies under the command of Flavius Aetius (FLAY-vee-us AY-tee-us) and Theodoric (THEE-oh-DORick) I of the Visigoths. This man shared power with his brother Bleda (BLAY-duh) until Bleda's death around 445.

q1108

This leader defeated General Arnegisclus (ar-neh-GISS-kluss) at the Battle of the Utus shortly before destroying the city of Marcianopolis. He withdrew after the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains against armies under the command of Flavius Aetius (FLAY-vee-us AY-tee-us) and Theodoric (THEE-oh-DORick) I of the Visigoths. This man shared power with his brother Bleda (BLAY-duh) until Bleda's death around 445. For 10 points, identify this man nicknamed the Scourge of God, leader of the Huns.

{Attila} the Hun

q3108_1

This artist's paintings of the New York City skyline include The Radiator Building, Night.

q3108

This artist's paintings of the New York City skyline include The Radiator Building, Night. White objects dot a blue painting by this artist in Sky Above Clouds. After her husband's death, she moved to a site where she painted Black Iris and another work bisected by a black stripe, Cow's Skull: Red, White, and Blue. For 10 points, name this wife of Alfred Stieglitz (“STEE-glitz”), an American painter of flowers and the southwest.

Georgia (Totto) {O'Keeffe}

q2046_2

At one point in this novel the main character is told to jump off of a cliff, but is stopped. That character also joins the crew of Hal, Charles, and Mercedes.

q2046

At one point in this novel the main character is told to jump off of a cliff, but is stopped. That character also joins the crew of Hal, Charles, and Mercedes. In this novel, John Thornton is a gold hunter who is killed by five Indians; the main character avenges that death at this novel's end. For 10 points, name this Jack London novel that sees Buck leave his spoiled life and become a sled dog on the Yukon Trail.

{The Call of the Wild}

q1561_2

Otus and Ephialtes (“eff-ee-ALL-tees”) tried to capture this goddess, but ended up slaying each other after she transformed into a deer. She slew the daughters of Niobe (“ny-OH-bee”) in response to a slight against her mother.

q1561

Otus and Ephialtes (“eff-ee-ALL-tees”) tried to capture this goddess, but ended up slaying each other after she transformed into a deer. She slew the daughters of Niobe (“ny-OH-bee”) in response to a slight against her mother. Actaeon (“ack-TAY-on”) caught a glimpse of this deity bathing, for which he was turned into a stag and mauled by his own dogs. For 10 points, name this twin of Apollo, the Greek goddess of the hunt.

{Artemis}

q490_3

This man sent the Great White Fleet on a tour of the world to impress Japan, and ended a conflict between Japan and Russia with the Treaty of Portsmouth. He recruited several college buddies to serve together as the Rough Riders unit during the Spanish-American War. He began "trustbusting" with the Standard Oil Case.

q490

This man sent the Great White Fleet on a tour of the world to impress Japan, and ended a conflict between Japan and Russia with the Treaty of Portsmouth. He recruited several college buddies to serve together as the Rough Riders unit during the Spanish-American War. He began "trustbusting" with the Standard Oil Case. For 10 points, name this president from 1901 to 1909, whose nickname provided the name for a toy bear.

{Theodore Roosevelt} [or {Teddy Roosevelt;} or {T.R.;} prompt on Roosevelt]

q1519_1

This planet and Earth are the only ones whose atmospheres are mostly nitrogen.

q1519

This planet and Earth are the only ones whose atmospheres are mostly nitrogen. Pictures of it were taken during a search for the hypothetical Planet O. Perceval Lowell predicted the presence of this planet discovered by Clyde Tombaugh (“TOM-baw”). Charon has long been considered its satellite, though that classification is now ambiguous. For 10 points, name this celestial object, recently relegated to the category of "dwarf planet."

{Pluto}

q6615_4

This element turns a dark color when combined with starches, which is one reason it is used in Lugol's solution. At room temperature it is a solid that sublimes into a purple gas. This element or barium is used in most contrast solutions for CT scans, and this element is used naturally by the body to make (*) thyroid hormones. A lack of this element causes goiter, which appears as a swollen neck.

q6615

This element turns a dark color when combined with starches, which is one reason it is used in Lugol's solution. At room temperature it is a solid that sublimes into a purple gas. This element or barium is used in most contrast solutions for CT scans, and this element is used naturally by the body to make (*) thyroid hormones. A lack of this element causes goiter, which appears as a swollen neck. For 10 points, name this element represented by the symbol I.

iodine [prompt on \"I\" before the end; do not accept iodide]

q1760_2

One superstition concerning certain winners of this election is known as Tecumseh's (“teh-CUM- seh's”) Curse. Third party candidates in previous elections of this type include Ross Perot and Teddy Roosevelt.

q1760

One superstition concerning certain winners of this election is known as Tecumseh's (“teh-CUM- seh's”) Curse. Third party candidates in previous elections of this type include Ross Perot and Teddy Roosevelt. Its most recent iteration concentrated on the economy, the war in Iraq, and people associated with Barack Obama. For 10 points, what is this election, held most recently in 2008 and responsible for choosing the next American leader?

{Presidential general} election [accept either]

q398_1

The first prime minister of this country gave a speech outlining the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence that formed a basis for a treaty with China, and he also gave the "Tryst with Destiny" speech.

q398

The first prime minister of this country gave a speech outlining the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence that formed a basis for a treaty with China, and he also gave the "Tryst with Destiny" speech. Another prime minister was assassinated by her bodyguards in 1984 soon after approving an attack on the Golden Temple in Amritsar. (*) For 10 points name this country once headed by Jawaharlal Nehru that disputes the status of Kashmir with Pakistan.

Republic of {India} [accept {Bhārat Gaṇarājya}]

q4292_4

One form of this concept is equal to the product of charge and voltage. For a spring, this quantity is given by one-half times the spring constant times the square of the distance from equilibrium. The gravitational form of this quantity is equal to an object's weight times its height. For 10 points, give this “stored” energy that is converted into kinetic energy.

q4292

One form of this concept is equal to the product of charge and voltage. For a spring, this quantity is given by one-half times the spring constant times the square of the distance from equilibrium. The gravitational form of this quantity is equal to an object's weight times its height. For 10 points, give this “stored” energy that is converted into kinetic energy.

{potential energy} [or {potential} energy after “energy”; prompt on energy]

q2050_1

One character in this book describes himself as the "shortest giant" and "tallest midget."

q2050

One character in this book describes himself as the "shortest giant" and "tallest midget." The protagonist is instructed to follow a line forever and then turn left to find infinity. The protagonist is accompanied by Tock and the Humbug in a quest to rescue Rhyme and Reason from the Castle in the Air. (*) For 10 points, name this Norton Juster novel about Milo, who drives his toy car through the title object.

The Phantom Tollbooth

q511_2

Every chapter after the first chapter of this work is arranged from longest to shortest and all but one begins with the word "bismallah" (biss-MAH-lah). This work's second chapter is known as the "Cow" sura and the first revelation in this text was transmitted when Muhammad was near the Cave of Hira (HEE-rah).

q511

Every chapter after the first chapter of this work is arranged from longest to shortest and all but one begins with the word "bismallah" (biss-MAH-lah). This work's second chapter is known as the "Cow" sura and the first revelation in this text was transmitted when Muhammad was near the Cave of Hira (HEE-rah). For 10 points, identify this text that is taken to be the word of Allah by Muslims.

Qur'an [or Koran; prompt on recitation]

q1168_3

Samuel Chase was the only impeached member of this group, which is vested with power by Article III of the U.S. Constitution. Harriet Miers and Robert Bork were unsuccessful nominees to join this group, which Franklin Roosevelt proposed increasing to a size of 15. (*) Marbury v.

q1168

Samuel Chase was the only impeached member of this group, which is vested with power by Article III of the U.S. Constitution. Harriet Miers and Robert Bork were unsuccessful nominees to join this group, which Franklin Roosevelt proposed increasing to a size of 15. (*) Marbury v. Madison was an 1803 decision by, for 10 points, what nine-member panel, the highest-ranking in the judicial branch?

United States Supreme Court [accept SCOTUS (Supreme Court of the United States); prompt on \"Court\"]

q545_3

In the buildup to this battle, the losing commander set up a fortification at Gloucester (“GLAU-ster”) shortly after retreating from Williamsburg. A key turning point in this battle was the arrival of reinforcements under Count Rochambeau (“RO-sham-BO”). British naval forces under Thomas Graves failed to break through the French blockade.

q545

In the buildup to this battle, the losing commander set up a fortification at Gloucester (“GLAU-ster”) shortly after retreating from Williamsburg. A key turning point in this battle was the arrival of reinforcements under Count Rochambeau (“RO-sham-BO”). British naval forces under Thomas Graves failed to break through the French blockade. For 10 points, name this final Revolutionary War battle, after which Lord Cornwallis surrendered.

Battle of {Yorktown}

q422_2

In one of this composer's ballets, a castle is hidden by vines for 100 years until Prince Desire kisses Princess Aurora. This composer of Sleeping Beauty included the Waltz of the Flowers and the Russian Trepak in another ballet, while his third ballet sees Von Rothbart turn Odette into the title (*) bird.

q422

In one of this composer's ballets, a castle is hidden by vines for 100 years until Prince Desire kisses Princess Aurora. This composer of Sleeping Beauty included the Waltz of the Flowers and the Russian Trepak in another ballet, while his third ballet sees Von Rothbart turn Odette into the title (*) bird. For 10 points, name this Russian composer of the ballets Swan Lake and The Nutcracker.

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky [or Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky]

q5001_4

The U.S. Ambassador to this nation, Jon Huntsman, resigned effective April 2011. Human rights activists in this country, including the currently-jailed 2010 Nobel Peace Prize winner, have signed Charter 08. Starting in March 2010, Google refused to follow this nation's Internet censorship policies. For 10 points, identify this nation whose current leader, Hu Jintao (hoo jin-"TAO"), visited the U.S. in January 2011.

q5001

The U.S. Ambassador to this nation, Jon Huntsman, resigned effective April 2011. Human rights activists in this country, including the currently-jailed 2010 Nobel Peace Prize winner, have signed Charter 08. Starting in March 2010, Google refused to follow this nation's Internet censorship policies. For 10 points, identify this nation whose current leader, Hu Jintao (hoo jin-"TAO"), visited the U.S. in January 2011.

People's Republic of China [or PRC; or Zhongguo; or Zhonggua Renmin Gongheguo]

q999_2

J.M.W. Turner painted one of these things before it was to be "broken up" in his The Fighting Temeraire. A black man stands in a small brown one of these things in a Winslow Homer painting.

q999

J.M.W. Turner painted one of these things before it was to be "broken up" in his The Fighting Temeraire. A black man stands in a small brown one of these things in a Winslow Homer painting. A John Copley painting showing many of these includes a group of people on one of them as Brook Watson is being rescued from a (*) shark attack. For 10 points, name these sea vessels which are often shown in naval war scenes.

{boats} or {ships} [accept {warships;} accept {sea vessels} before it is mentioned]

q1227_5

A "pillow" form of this substance forms underwater. "Domes" of this substance form from andesite. This substance can be classified, depending on the smoothness of its surface, as a'a (AH-AH) or pahoehoe (pah-HOY-HOY). It accumulates around a vent to form a cinder cone, and it solidifies to form igneous rock. For 10 points, give the term for magma that reaches the Earth's surface, often through a volcanic explosion.

q1227

A "pillow" form of this substance forms underwater. "Domes" of this substance form from andesite. This substance can be classified, depending on the smoothness of its surface, as a'a (AH-AH) or pahoehoe (pah-HOY-HOY). It accumulates around a vent to form a cinder cone, and it solidifies to form igneous rock. For 10 points, give the term for magma that reaches the Earth's surface, often through a volcanic explosion.

lava

q3023_3

Three square windows can be seen in the back of this painting, and the back of a chair takes up its lower center portion. The central figure is wearing red and blue with his hands on a table; to his right is an effeminate figure believed to be the Apostle John. Judas clutches a bag of silver in, for 10 points, what Leonardo da Vinci painting that depicts Christ's final meal with his disciples?

q3023

Three square windows can be seen in the back of this painting, and the back of a chair takes up its lower center portion. The central figure is wearing red and blue with his hands on a table; to his right is an effeminate figure believed to be the Apostle John. Judas clutches a bag of silver in, for 10 points, what Leonardo da Vinci painting that depicts Christ's final meal with his disciples?

The {Last Supper}

q1591_2

This is the major key in which both Sergei Prokofiev's "Classical" Symphony and J.S. Bach's Air on a G String were written. A basic guitar chord of this type does not play the fifth and sixth strings and leaves open the fourth string as the root of the chord.

q1591

This is the major key in which both Sergei Prokofiev's "Classical" Symphony and J.S. Bach's Air on a G String were written. A basic guitar chord of this type does not play the fifth and sixth strings and leaves open the fourth string as the root of the chord. Johann Pachelbel (PAHK-uh-BELL) wrote a canon in this key whose relative minor is B minor. For 10 points, name this major key whose key signature has two sharps.

{D} major

q426_4

According to one myth, this figure used the eye of the Graiae (GRAY - eye) as a bargaining tool in order to learn the location of the Hesperides. He was born after his mother, Danae, was impregnated by Zeus in the form of a golden shower. This figure defeated Cetus, after which he married Andromeda. After this hero slew his most famous foe, Pegasus was born from her blood.

q426

According to one myth, this figure used the eye of the Graiae (GRAY - eye) as a bargaining tool in order to learn the location of the Hesperides. He was born after his mother, Danae, was impregnated by Zeus in the form of a golden shower. This figure defeated Cetus, after which he married Andromeda. After this hero slew his most famous foe, Pegasus was born from her blood. For 10 points, name this slayer of Medusa.

Perseus

q5689_1

This body contains an unusually reflective equatorial region known as Xanadu.

q5689

This body contains an unusually reflective equatorial region known as Xanadu. It is in a 3:4 orbital resonance with Hyperion. In 2010, the Cassini-Huygens probe found evidence of a cryovolcano named Sotra Facula on this moon. This moon's surface contains methane lakes, and it has a dense, opaque atmosphere. For 10 points, name this largest moon of Saturn.

Titan

q2541_1

When this substance is used, it often leaves behind a liquid with naphthalene and various phenols.

q2541

When this substance is used, it often leaves behind a liquid with naphthalene and various phenols. The lowest rank of this type of substance, formed from peat, is lignite, while higher grades are classified as anthracite or the bituminous type. Plant remains over a long period of time transform into this sedimentary rock. For 10 points, name this substance which is used to generate electricity after it is mined out of the ground.

{coal}

q3103_2

Some of these are statically typed, while others are duck typed or dynamically typed. Many of them must be used in conjunction with a compiler, such as one of them created in the 1970s by Dennis Ritchie, which is named for a letter of the alphabet and has a (*) "plus plus" variety.

q3103

Some of these are statically typed, while others are duck typed or dynamically typed. Many of them must be used in conjunction with a compiler, such as one of them created in the 1970s by Dennis Ritchie, which is named for a letter of the alphabet and has a (*) "plus plus" variety. For 10 points, name these constructs such as Ruby, Python, Java, and C, that provide a way to give instructions to computers.

programming languages [accept computer languages; accept scripting languages; prompt on \"programs\"; prompt on \"languages\"]

q1679_2

Bernoulli is credited with the discovery of this constant when he attempted to find the value of the limit as n approaches infinity of the quantity one plus one over n to the nth power. This constant is used when finding interest compounded continuously and when modeling exponential growth, and it is the base of the natural logarithm.

q1679

Bernoulli is credited with the discovery of this constant when he attempted to find the value of the limit as n approaches infinity of the quantity one plus one over n to the nth power. This constant is used when finding interest compounded continuously and when modeling exponential growth, and it is the base of the natural logarithm. For 10 points, name this constant, approximately equal to 2.71828.

{e} [accept {Euler's} (“ oiler's ”) {number} or {Euler's constant}]

q1731_2

At one point in this book, two characters recite nursery rhymes and the Gettysburg Address to avoid being hypnotized by a man with red eyes. The main character of this book meets several tentacled creatures, including one called Aunt Beast, while rescuing her father from Camazotz.

q1731

At one point in this book, two characters recite nursery rhymes and the Gettysburg Address to avoid being hypnotized by a man with red eyes. The main character of this book meets several tentacled creatures, including one called Aunt Beast, while rescuing her father from Camazotz. Its title concept is a tesseract through which Meg Murry visits the fifth dimension. For 10 points, name this novel by Madeleine L'Engle.

A Wrinkle in Time

q700_3

The Apostle Islands are in the northern part of this state, whose first European visitor was French trader Jean Nicolet in 1634. Lake Winnebago is located in this state near the cities of Fond du Lac and Oshkosh. This state's Door Peninsula separates (*) Green Bay from Lake Michigan.

q700

The Apostle Islands are in the northern part of this state, whose first European visitor was French trader Jean Nicolet in 1634. Lake Winnebago is located in this state near the cities of Fond du Lac and Oshkosh. This state's Door Peninsula separates (*) Green Bay from Lake Michigan. For 10 points, Madison and Milwaukee are found in what state nicknamed "American's Dairyland"?

Wisconsin

q1154_4

In this novel, a widow seeks help moving her house out of the path of Farmer Fitzgibbon's plow. Jeremy takes her to visit a wise, old owl who suggests asking the title characters to move her house "to the lee of the stone." Those characters live in a rosebush and are technologically advanced rodents. For 10 points, identify this Robert O'Brien novel about the widow of Jonathan Frisby's efforts to save her family.

q1154

In this novel, a widow seeks help moving her house out of the path of Farmer Fitzgibbon's plow. Jeremy takes her to visit a wise, old owl who suggests asking the title characters to move her house "to the lee of the stone." Those characters live in a rosebush and are technologically advanced rodents. For 10 points, identify this Robert O'Brien novel about the widow of Jonathan Frisby's efforts to save her family.

Mrs. Frisby and the Rats of {NIMH}

q1973_4

One character in this book deliberately pours syrup all over his lunch. At one point, the main characters are taken to a church by their cook, Calpurnia. Mayella Ewell accuses Tom Robinson of assaulting her; Tom is defended by the protagonist's father, the best lawyer in Maycomb, Alabama. For 10 points, name this book narrated by Scout, the daughter of Atticus Finch, and written by Harper Lee.

q1973

One character in this book deliberately pours syrup all over his lunch. At one point, the main characters are taken to a church by their cook, Calpurnia. Mayella Ewell accuses Tom Robinson of assaulting her; Tom is defended by the protagonist's father, the best lawyer in Maycomb, Alabama. For 10 points, name this book narrated by Scout, the daughter of Atticus Finch, and written by Harper Lee.

To Kill a Mockingbird

q1217_3

This "Foremost of the Westerners" is linked with Serapis through the Apis bull. This son of Geb and Nut (NOOT) was cut into fourteen pieces that were scattered throughout the country by his brother. His wife revived him after she and Nephthys (NEF-this) found thirteen of those pieces.

q1217

This "Foremost of the Westerners" is linked with Serapis through the Apis bull. This son of Geb and Nut (NOOT) was cut into fourteen pieces that were scattered throughout the country by his brother. His wife revived him after she and Nephthys (NEF-this) found thirteen of those pieces. After he was revived, this brother of Set fathered Horus. For 10 points, identify this husband of Isis and the Egyptian god of the dead.

{Osiris} [accept {Anubis} before "Serapis" is read; prompt on Khenti-Amentiu]

q1824_3

This constellation is often interpreted as fighting Taurus with his dogs Canis Minor and Canis Major. Stars within this constellation include the “amazon star” Bellatrix (“BELL-uh-tricks”), the red giant Betelgeuse (“beetle juice”), and Rigel (“RYE-gull”). It is most easily recognizable by the three stars making up the belt of the figure in this constellation.

q1824

This constellation is often interpreted as fighting Taurus with his dogs Canis Minor and Canis Major. Stars within this constellation include the “amazon star” Bellatrix (“BELL-uh-tricks”), the red giant Betelgeuse (“beetle juice”), and Rigel (“RYE-gull”). It is most easily recognizable by the three stars making up the belt of the figure in this constellation. For 10 points, name this constellation also known as "the Hunter."

{Orion} [prompt on “the {Hunter} before mentioned]

q474_4

One of this city's most famous attractions features Tritons leading hippocampi and the shell chariot of the central figure, Oceanus. Ostia was the ancient port of this city, which was built in part on the Palatine and Quirinal Hills. Attractions in this city include the Spanish Steps, the Trevi Fountain, and the Colosseum. For 10 points, name this city on the Tiber, the capital of Italy.

q474

One of this city's most famous attractions features Tritons leading hippocampi and the shell chariot of the central figure, Oceanus. Ostia was the ancient port of this city, which was built in part on the Palatine and Quirinal Hills. Attractions in this city include the Spanish Steps, the Trevi Fountain, and the Colosseum. For 10 points, name this city on the Tiber, the capital of Italy.

{Rome,} Italy [or {Roma,} Italia]

q1858_3

This man wrote poems like "maggie and milly and molly and may" and "i carry your heart with me." He chronicled his imprisonment during World War 1 in The Enormous Room. He wrote about "someones marry[ing] their everyones" and "sun moon stars rain" in "anyone lived in a pretty how town."

q1858

This man wrote poems like "maggie and milly and molly and may" and "i carry your heart with me." He chronicled his imprisonment during World War 1 in The Enormous Room. He wrote about "someones marry[ing] their everyones" and "sun moon stars rain" in "anyone lived in a pretty how town." (*) For 10 points, name this poet known for his unconventional use of punctuation and capitalization.

E(dward) E(stlin) Cummings

q1504_1

This shape is traced out by the set of all points that are equidistant from a focus and a directrix (“dir- ECK-tricks”).

q1504

This shape is traced out by the set of all points that are equidistant from a focus and a directrix (“dir- ECK-tricks”). It is the only conic section that can be graphed as a function. It is the shape of the height versus time graph of a ball tossed straight in the air. For 10 points, identify this shape that is traced out by the graph of any quadratic function.

{parabola}

q4866_5

Temples dedicated to this god include the Trimbakeshwar and Ramanaswathamy. Five is a sacred number to this god, which is reflected in his namesake "Five Mantras". His sons are Kartikeya and Ganesha. Although he's not Vishnu, this god has a number of avatars, and his wife is (*) Parvati. For 10 points, name this Hindu god which, along with Brahma and Vishnu, makes up the Hindu trimurti, a "destroyer" god.

q4866

Temples dedicated to this god include the Trimbakeshwar and Ramanaswathamy. Five is a sacred number to this god, which is reflected in his namesake "Five Mantras". His sons are Kartikeya and Ganesha. Although he's not Vishnu, this god has a number of avatars, and his wife is (*) Parvati. For 10 points, name this Hindu god which, along with Brahma and Vishnu, makes up the Hindu trimurti, a "destroyer" god.

Shiva [accept Shiva the Destroyer, Shiva the Transformer]

q991_2

The top left corner of this painting shows partially closed windows, while the right side shows a door with a square window. In the center, a man with a hat sits on a stool with his back facing the viewer.

q991

The top left corner of this painting shows partially closed windows, while the right side shows a door with a square window. In the center, a man with a hat sits on a stool with his back facing the viewer. Another man with a hat stares at a man in all white who is leaning down, and a woman with red hair and a red blouse stares at her mug. For 10 points, name this painting showing the Phillies diner, by Edward Hopper.

Nighthawks

q1605_1

In one work, this character is almost forced to marry Marcellina until it is revealed she is his long-lost mother.

q1605

In one work, this character is almost forced to marry Marcellina until it is revealed she is his long-lost mother. In another work, he advises a former employer to dress as a drunken soldier to get into Rosina's house. This former servant of Count Almaviva sings his name over and over again in "Largo al Factotum," an aria from a Rossini opera. For 10 points, name this Barber of Seville who gets married in a Mozart opera.

{Figaro} [prompt on The Barber of Seville before mentioned; accept The Marriage of Figaro until "employer"]

q1837_1

In one poem by this writer, the speaker says that the title idea "perches in the soul."

q1837

In one poem by this writer, the speaker says that the title idea "perches in the soul." In addition to "Hope is the thing with feathers," this author wrote a poem that proclaims "I'm Nobody! Who are you?" and a poem that describes a "blue, uncertain, stumbling (*) buzz". A poem about a carriage ride with Death and Immortality was written by, for 10 points, what poet of "Because I could not stop for death," and "I heard a fly buzz when I died"?

Emily Dickinson

q1503_6

In this play, one character sends Reynoldo to spy on his son. The title character of this play mourns a "fellow of infinite jest," Yorick, in this play's "graveyard scene." The protagonist tells one character to "get thee to a nunnery" before he kills her father, (*) Polonius. That character later drowns and is named Ophelia. One famous scene from this play contains the line "To be or not to be." For 10 points, name this Shakespeare tragedy about the title Prince of Denmark.

q1503

In this play, one character sends Reynoldo to spy on his son. The title character of this play mourns a "fellow of infinite jest," Yorick, in this play's "graveyard scene." The protagonist tells one character to "get thee to a nunnery" before he kills her father, (*) Polonius. That character later drowns and is named Ophelia. One famous scene from this play contains the line "To be or not to be." For 10 points, name this Shakespeare tragedy about the title Prince of Denmark.

Hamlet

q415_2

In this game, one can play the Ruy (“ROY”) Lopez or the Dragon Sicilian. ELO rankings were first computed for competitors in this game, whose special moves include the en passant (“AHN pah-SAHN”) capture and castling.

q415

In this game, one can play the Ruy (“ROY”) Lopez or the Dragon Sicilian. ELO rankings were first computed for competitors in this game, whose special moves include the en passant (“AHN pah-SAHN”) capture and castling. Pieces that move in an L-shape in this game are called knights. For 10 points, name this game in which white and black each try to put their opponent in checkmate.

chess

q2876_1

This leader constructed a causeway in order to break the Siege of Tyre.

q2876

This leader constructed a causeway in order to break the Siege of Tyre. He first gained fame for breaking through Theban lines at the Battle of Chaeronea (KAI-rone-EE-ah). This owner of Bucephalus (boo-SEF-AH-lus) ensured the fall of his main enemy at the battles of Issus and Gaugamela (GOW-gah- MELL-ah). For 10 points, name this son of Philip II, a Macedonian king who was tutored by Aristotle and who defeated Darius III and conquered the Persian Empire.

{Alexander the Great} [or {Alexander III} of {Macedon/Macedonia;} prompt on {Alexander}]

q49_3

This structure was the site of the climactic scene in North by Northwest. A similar structure in Georgia was halted before Stone Mountain was completed. This sculpture designed by Gutzon Borglum is in the Black Hills.

q49

This structure was the site of the climactic scene in North by Northwest. A similar structure in Georgia was halted before Stone Mountain was completed. This sculpture designed by Gutzon Borglum is in the Black Hills. For 10 points, name this large sculpture that contains the granite faces of four presidents.

Mount {Rushmore}

q3605_2

The music video for this song begins with a reflection of an airplane and a female tennis player in the sunglasses of the singer, who lolls his head and then says the title line. The video also features a scene where the lead singer lays in an elevator under a pelvic-thrusting man in a cowboy hat, a (*) "horse riding dance," and a scene where he mimes screaming at a "sexy lady."

q3605

The music video for this song begins with a reflection of an airplane and a female tennis player in the sunglasses of the singer, who lolls his head and then says the title line. The video also features a scene where the lead singer lays in an elevator under a pelvic-thrusting man in a cowboy hat, a (*) "horse riding dance," and a scene where he mimes screaming at a "sexy lady." For 10 points, name this 2012 K-Pop single by Psy.

Gangnam Style

q554_2

In Major Barbara, Andrew Undershaft became rich by manufacturing these objects. Both Hedda Gabler and Young Werther (VEHR-tuhr) commit suicide using these objects.

q554

In Major Barbara, Andrew Undershaft became rich by manufacturing these objects. Both Hedda Gabler and Young Werther (VEHR-tuhr) commit suicide using these objects. One of these objects shown in the background early in a story will be important later, according to a literary device named for Anton Chekhov. For 10 points, Eugene Onegin agrees to a duel that uses what bullet-firing weapons?

guns [accept pistols; prompt on weapons; prompt on munitions]

q1618_4

Characters in this work include Count Ugolino as well as Francesca da Rimini, whose husband caught her with Paolo. The speaker of this work faints while Charon and Virgil guide a boat across the Acheron. Beginning the day before Good Friday, this work depicts nine concentric circles in which sinners are punished. For 10 points, name this first section of The Divine Comedy, in which the poet Dante is guided through Hell.

q1618

Characters in this work include Count Ugolino as well as Francesca da Rimini, whose husband caught her with Paolo. The speaker of this work faints while Charon and Virgil guide a boat across the Acheron. Beginning the day before Good Friday, this work depicts nine concentric circles in which sinners are punished. For 10 points, name this first section of The Divine Comedy, in which the poet Dante is guided through Hell.

{Inferno} [prompt on The {Divine Comedy} before mentioned]

q331_1

Hampstead Heath and Kensington Gardens are parks in this city which is served by the "Jubilee Line," "Piccadilly Line," and "Victoria Line" of its subway system, the Underground.

q331

Hampstead Heath and Kensington Gardens are parks in this city which is served by the "Jubilee Line," "Piccadilly Line," and "Victoria Line" of its subway system, the Underground. A Norman castle built by William the Conqueror is this city's "Tower." Its other landmarks include Westminster Abbey, Buckingham Palace, and the houses of Parliament. For 10 points, name this city on the River Thames, the capital of Britain.

London

q1126_4

Blaise Pascal names a theorem about these shapes inscribed in conic sections. Benzene's shape is a regular one of these polygons, and graphene consists of carbon atoms arranged in this shape. It has more sides than any other regular polygon that tessellates a plane. Internal angles of (*) 120 degrees are found in the regular type of, for 10 points, what shape found in honeycombs that has six sides?

q1126

Blaise Pascal names a theorem about these shapes inscribed in conic sections. Benzene's shape is a regular one of these polygons, and graphene consists of carbon atoms arranged in this shape. It has more sides than any other regular polygon that tessellates a plane. Internal angles of (*) 120 degrees are found in the regular type of, for 10 points, what shape found in honeycombs that has six sides?

hexagons

q1624_1

After being ransomed from pirates, this man captured his kidnappers and crucified them.

q1624

After being ransomed from pirates, this man captured his kidnappers and crucified them. At the Battle of Alesia (ah-LEE-see-ah), this man defeated Vercingetorix (ver-sin-GEH-tor-icks) and conquered Gaul. After Pompey ordered him to disband his army, he crossed the Rubicon. For 10 points, name this Roman general who was appointed dictator and later assassinated on the Ides of March by Brutus.

Gaius Julius {Caesar}

q1708_3

At the end of this novel, one character briefly reunites with her mother Gudule (“guh-DOOL”). Also at the end of this novel, Fleur-de-lys (“FLEWER-de-lee”) marries that character's lover Phoebus de Chateaupers (“FEE-bus deh SHAT-oh-per”). For 10 points, name this French novel depicting the lovely gypsy Esmeralda and the title character Quasimodo, characters created by Victor Hugo.

q1708

At the end of this novel, one character briefly reunites with her mother Gudule (“guh-DOOL”). Also at the end of this novel, Fleur-de-lys (“FLEWER-de-lee”) marries that character's lover Phoebus de Chateaupers (“FEE-bus deh SHAT-oh-per”). For 10 points, name this French novel depicting the lovely gypsy Esmeralda and the title character Quasimodo, characters created by Victor Hugo.

The {Hunchback of Notre Dame}

q1435_3

This man's nonfiction work A Footnote to History includes firsthand accounts of civil war in Samoa. He wrote a story in which Dr. Lanyon dies from shock after seeing a respectable doctor turn into the murderer Edward Hyde. This man's novel Catriona (kuh-TREE-nuh) is a sequel to a work about David Balfour, and another of his works features the pirate Long John Silver.

q1435

This man's nonfiction work A Footnote to History includes firsthand accounts of civil war in Samoa. He wrote a story in which Dr. Lanyon dies from shock after seeing a respectable doctor turn into the murderer Edward Hyde. This man's novel Catriona (kuh-TREE-nuh) is a sequel to a work about David Balfour, and another of his works features the pirate Long John Silver. For 10 points, name this author of Kidnapped and Treasure Island.

Robert Louis Balfour {Stevenson}

q1882_4

One of this man's works claims that "for destruction", the two title elements "would suffice." In addition to "Fire and Ice", he wrote a poem where the narrator has "miles to go before" he sleeps. In his most famous poem, the speaker leaves the title entity "for another day", and takes "the one less traveled by." For 10 points, name this poet who wrote "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" and "The Road Not Taken."

q1882

One of this man's works claims that "for destruction", the two title elements "would suffice." In addition to "Fire and Ice", he wrote a poem where the narrator has "miles to go before" he sleeps. In his most famous poem, the speaker leaves the title entity "for another day", and takes "the one less traveled by." For 10 points, name this poet who wrote "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" and "The Road Not Taken."

Robert Lee {Frost}

q1882_3

One of this man's works claims that "for destruction", the two title elements "would suffice." In addition to "Fire and Ice", he wrote a poem where the narrator has "miles to go before" he sleeps. In his most famous poem, the speaker leaves the title entity "for another day", and takes "the one less traveled by."

q1882

One of this man's works claims that "for destruction", the two title elements "would suffice." In addition to "Fire and Ice", he wrote a poem where the narrator has "miles to go before" he sleeps. In his most famous poem, the speaker leaves the title entity "for another day", and takes "the one less traveled by." For 10 points, name this poet who wrote "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" and "The Road Not Taken."

Robert Lee {Frost}

q3312_3

This event was orchestrated by Isoroku Yamamoto in an attempt to prevent American interference in the Japanese invasion of the Dutch East Indies. The date on which it occurred "will live in infamy," according to a Franklin Roosevelt speech. The U.S.S. Arizona Memorial is dedicated to over 1,100 Americans killed in this event.

q3312

This event was orchestrated by Isoroku Yamamoto in an attempt to prevent American interference in the Japanese invasion of the Dutch East Indies. The date on which it occurred "will live in infamy," according to a Franklin Roosevelt speech. The U.S.S. Arizona Memorial is dedicated to over 1,100 Americans killed in this event. For 10 points, identify this December 7, 1941 attack on a United States naval base in Hawaii.

the attack on {Pearl Harbor} [accept logical equivalents]

q2394_2

The Dewar equation defines this quantity for density-dependent variables. Species that exhibit exponential population growth appear to lack this value, and in logistic population growth, the per capita rate of increase approaches zero near this value.

q2394

The Dewar equation defines this quantity for density-dependent variables. Species that exhibit exponential population growth appear to lack this value, and in logistic population growth, the per capita rate of increase approaches zero near this value. For 10 points, name this ecological term, often denoted k, which is the maximum population that can be sustained by an ecosystem.

carrying {capacity} [prompt on {k} before mentioned]

q112_4

In this novel, Charlotte Lucas marries William Collins. At the end of this novel, Lydia ends up marrying the villainous Mr. Wickham and Jane ends up marrying the very rich Mr. Bingley. Also at the end of this novel, a second marriage proposal by Fitzwilliam Darcy is finally accepted by Elizabeth Bennett. For 10 points, name this Jane Austen novel in which Darcy and Elizabeth embody the two titular vices.

q112

In this novel, Charlotte Lucas marries William Collins. At the end of this novel, Lydia ends up marrying the villainous Mr. Wickham and Jane ends up marrying the very rich Mr. Bingley. Also at the end of this novel, a second marriage proposal by Fitzwilliam Darcy is finally accepted by Elizabeth Bennett. For 10 points, name this Jane Austen novel in which Darcy and Elizabeth embody the two titular vices.

{Pride} and {Prejudice}

q1749_5

Amendments affecting this branch of government include the Twelfth and Twenty-second. One member of this entity is granted the “power to grant reprieves and pardons.” The most recent addition to this entity is the Department of Homeland Security. It was set up by Article II of the Constitution. For 10 points, what is this branch of government responsible for enforcing the laws and headed by the President?

q1749

Amendments affecting this branch of government include the Twelfth and Twenty-second. One member of this entity is granted the “power to grant reprieves and pardons.” The most recent addition to this entity is the Department of Homeland Security. It was set up by Article II of the Constitution. For 10 points, what is this branch of government responsible for enforcing the laws and headed by the President?

{executive branch}

q1467_2

This play's opening brawl is started by Gregory and Samson. Later in this play, Friar John fails to deliver a letter written by Friar Lawrence.

q1467

This play's opening brawl is started by Gregory and Samson. Later in this play, Friar John fails to deliver a letter written by Friar Lawrence. Mercutio is killed by Tybalt in Act III of this play. This play features the feud between the Montagues (“MON-tay-gyooz”) and the Capulets. For 10 points, name this Shakespeare tragedy, depicting a doomed romance between the two title “star-crossed lovers.”

{Romeo} and {Juliet}

q5634_3

This figure protected the seven daughters of Jethro, one of whom, Zipporah, became this figure's wife. This son of Yocheved (“YO-keh-ved”) once killed an Egyptian overseer who was beating a slave, after which this brother of Miriam fled to Midian until God appeared to him in the form of a burning bush. For 10 points, name this leader of the Israelites who begged Pharaoh to “let my people go.”

q5634

This figure protected the seven daughters of Jethro, one of whom, Zipporah, became this figure's wife. This son of Yocheved (“YO-keh-ved”) once killed an Egyptian overseer who was beating a slave, after which this brother of Miriam fled to Midian until God appeared to him in the form of a burning bush. For 10 points, name this leader of the Israelites who begged Pharaoh to “let my people go.”

{Moses}

q1025_5

A self-help book by Spencer Johnson asks “Who Moved?” this object. The main character of the title “Fairly Stupid Tale” in a collection by Jon Scieszka (“SHEESH-kuh”) is a man made of a “stinky” kind of this food. In “The Farmer and the Dell,” it stands alone. The moon is not actually made of a green version of it. For 10 points, name this dairy product that comes in provolone and Swiss varieties.

q1025

A self-help book by Spencer Johnson asks “Who Moved?” this object. The main character of the title “Fairly Stupid Tale” in a collection by Jon Scieszka (“SHEESH-kuh”) is a man made of a “stinky” kind of this food. In “The Farmer and the Dell,” it stands alone. The moon is not actually made of a green version of it. For 10 points, name this dairy product that comes in provolone and Swiss varieties.

{cheese} [accept {Who Moved My Cheese?} before “this object”]

q4853_4

“Wedge” and “rope” are informal terms used to denote large and small forms of these phenomena. Twenty-eight different damage indicators help measure their severity via the enhanced Fujita scale. These phenomena occur when a funnel cloud touches the ground. For 10 points, name these violently rotating windstorms that most often occur in their namesake “Alley” in the American Midwest.

q4853

“Wedge” and “rope” are informal terms used to denote large and small forms of these phenomena. Twenty-eight different damage indicators help measure their severity via the enhanced Fujita scale. These phenomena occur when a funnel cloud touches the ground. For 10 points, name these violently rotating windstorms that most often occur in their namesake “Alley” in the American Midwest.

{tornadoes} [or {twisters}; prompt on {cyclones}]

q370_4

This man came to power through the coup of 18 Brumaire (broo-MAIR). His forces defeated the Prussians at Jena (YAY-nah) and the combined Russian and Austrian forces at Austerlitz. His invasion of Russia was a failure because of the harsh winter. He spent the last years of his life exiled on St. Helena, and he sold the Louisiana Territory to America.

q370

This man came to power through the coup of 18 Brumaire (broo-MAIR). His forces defeated the Prussians at Jena (YAY-nah) and the combined Russian and Austrian forces at Austerlitz. His invasion of Russia was a failure because of the harsh winter. He spent the last years of his life exiled on St. Helena, and he sold the Louisiana Territory to America. For 10 points, name this French emperor from Corsica who ruled after the French revolution

{Napoleon Bonaparte} [or Napoleon I]

q2453_1

A group from Muskogee, Oklahoma is believed to be the first to produce and sell these items popularly sold as a fundraiser for an organization founded by Juliette Gordon Low in 1912.

q2453

A group from Muskogee, Oklahoma is believed to be the first to produce and sell these items popularly sold as a fundraiser for an organization founded by Juliette Gordon Low in 1912. In 1922, American Girl magazine published an article with recipes for them and advice on how much troops should charge for this product. For 10 points, identify these baked goods sold in varieties such as Thin Mints and Samoas.

Girl Scout Cookies

q3389_1

This movie character wants to live with Bonnie instead of going to college.

q3389

This movie character wants to live with Bonnie instead of going to college. In an earlier story, Sid Phillips plans to barbecue him, but is scared away. In another story, he plans to rescue his friends from Sunnyside when he learns that Lots-o-Huggin' Bear is not a kind leader, but rather an evil tyrant. For 10 points, name this pull-string Cowboy voiced by Tom Hanks in the Toy Story trilogy.

Woody

q1724_2

This man begins one novel by noting, "I am a sick man. I am a spiteful man."

q1724

This man begins one novel by noting, "I am a sick man. I am a spiteful man." In addition to Notes from Underground, he wrote novels about the epileptic Prince Myshkin (MISH-kin) and the axe murderer Raskolnikov (rahs-KOL-nih-kahv). Those books, The Idiot and Crime and Punishment, were written before a novel in which Dmitri, the oldest of four brothers, apparently murders his father. For 10 points, name this Russian author of The Brothers Karamazov.

Fyodor Dostoevsky

q936_2

Neoptolemus killed King Priam in the final stages of this event, after which Aeneas fled with his son. This event began after the Judgement of Paris and (*) Helen's abduction from King Menelaus of Sparta.

q936

Neoptolemus killed King Priam in the final stages of this event, after which Aeneas fled with his son. This event began after the Judgement of Paris and (*) Helen's abduction from King Menelaus of Sparta. After nine years, it finally ended after Greek soldiers got past enemy gates while hiding in a giant wooden horse. For 10 points, name this conflict in Greek mythology that featured warriors like Hector and Achilles.

{Trojan War}