Datasets:

nilq

/

babylm-100M

like 0

The Missouri gubernatorial election of 1876 was Missouri's 19th gubernatorial election. The election was held on November 7, 1876 and resulted in a victory for the Democratic nominee, former Congressman (and 1868 gubernatorial nominee) John S. Phelps, over the Republican candidate, former Congressman Gustavus A. Finkelnburg, and Greenback nominee J. P. Alexander.

= = = Tharptown (Uniontown), Pennsylvania = = =

Tharptown (Uniontown) is a census-designated place located in Coal Township, Northumberland County in the state of Pennsylvania. The community is located just to the north of the city of Shamokin. As of the 2010 census the population was 498 residents.

= = = Clarke = = =

Clarke is an Anglo-Irish surname which means "clerk". The surname is of English and Irish origin but the original word comes from Latin for clericus. There are some surname variants, including the Clerk and Clark which predates Clarke by over 700 years. Clarke is also uncommonly chosen as a given name.

Clarke is a popular surname in Ireland. The Irish version of the surname is believed to have come from County Galway and County Antrim and spread to County Donegal and County Dublin. The name is derived from the Irish Gaelic sept "Ó Cléirigh", meaning "clerk".

Clarke as well as Clark is also a widespread surname in England. The English version comes from Anglo-Saxon origin and was used in the Middle Ages for the name of a scribe or secretary. The word "clerc" came from the pre 7th century Olde English "Cler(e)c" (meaning priest) originally denoted to a member of a religious order only, but later grew rapidly outside the religious order. In the Middle Ages virtually the only people who could read and write were members of the religious order, making the word heavily associated with literacy. Thus the surname became a popular term for a literate man, particularly for the professional secretary and the scholar. The English surnames "Clarke" and "Clark" are both spelling variations of the surname "Clerk".

‘Nobby’ is the nickname most commonly used in English for those with the surname Clark or Clarke.

= = = Kierkegaard Studies Yearbook = = =

Kierkegaard Studies Yearbook is a peer-reviewed academic journal of philosophy covering scholarly examination of Søren Kierkegaard's thought and edited by Heiko Schulz, Jon Stewart, and Karl Verstrynge. The journal publishes in English, French, and German. The journal was established in 1996 and is published by Walter de Gruyter on behalf of the International Kierkegaard Society.

= = = Adam Loftus, 1st Viscount Lisburne = = =

Adam Loftus, 1st Viscount Lisburne (1647 – 15 September 1691) was an Anglo-Irish peer and military commander.

He was the second son of Sir Arthur Loftus of Rathfarnham, co. Dublin and Lady Dorothy Boyle, daughter of Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork. His paternal grandfather was Adam Loftus.

He was Ranger of Phoenix Park and of the King's parks in Ireland and a Master of the Court of Requests. From 1685 he was a member of the Privy Council of Ireland and on 29 January 1686, King James II created him Baron of Rathfarnham and Viscount Lisburne in the Peerage of Ireland. A Roman Catholic, he nevertheless took the Whig side in the Glorious Revolution and in 1689 commanded an English regiment in Ireland as the first Colonel of the 39th (Dorsetshire) Regiment of Foot.

On 15 September 1691 he was killed by a cannonball at the Siege of Limerick. He had married twice: firstly Lucy, the second daughter of George Brydges, 6th Baron Chandos, with whom he had a daughter, Lucy and secondly Dorothy, the daughter of Patrick Allen. He had no heir and thus both titles became extinct. His daughter Lucy married Thomas Wharton, 1st Marquess of Wharton who it is generally thought wrote the words of Liliburlero, and despite his notoriously debauched lifestyle, was a dominant force in English politics from the 1690s to his death in 1715.

= = = Warsaw Ghetto boundary markers = = =

The Warsaw Ghetto boundary markers are memorial plaques and boundary lines that mark the maximum perimeter of the former ghetto established by the Germans in 1940 in occupied Warsaw, Poland.

The markers were erected in 2008 and 2010 on 22 sites along the borders of the Jewish quarter, where from 1940–1943 stood the gates to the ghetto, wooden footbridges over Aryan streets, and the buildings important to the ghetto inmates.

In order to preserve the memory of the perished Jewish quarter, the Jewish Historical Institute and the City Monument Protection office took the initiative to feature in the public space of the Polish capital its most characteristic points on its former boundaries.

The markers were designed by Eleonora Bergman and Tomasz Lec in cooperation with Ewa Pustoła-Kozłowska and Jan Jagielski. Each marker consists of three elements:

The dates 1940-1943 have symbolic meaning as the years when the Warsaw Ghetto existed. Therefore, they should not be treated literally because most of the commemorated places were excluded in 1941-1942, one site was included into the ghetto in 1941, and two – in 1942.

Most plaques were placed on the 2.3 m (7.6 ft) tall cement posts that were specially designed on sett pavement; the rest were placed directly on the walls of the buildings and structures.

The markers were built between April and November 2008 and were inaugurated on 19 November 2008 by the mayor of Warsaw Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz. On 27 January 2010 on the International Holocaust Remembrance Day, the 22nd marker was unveiled on site of the preserved ghetto wall in Sienna Street.

The project was financed by the City of Warsaw and the Polish Ministry of Culture and National Heritage.

= = = Short's Landing Hotel Complex = = =

Short's Landing Hotel Complex is a historic hotel and farm complex located near Smyrna, Kent County, Delaware. The complex consists of five contributing buildings and one contributing structure. They are the brick hotel (c. 1780), a frame Federal-style mansion house (c. 1800), a small abandoned factory, and an extensive collection of outbuildings including a stable, granaries and storage sheds. The hotel is a two-story, five bay brick vernacular structure. The frame mansion house has a traditional center-hall, single-pile floor plan. The frame leadite factory was in operation mainly from the 1920s to the late 1940s.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

= = = Menominee Opera House = = =

Built in 1902, the Menominee Opera House (later known as Menominee Theatre) resides in the Historic Waterfront District of downtown Menominee, Michigan. It was designed by well-known American architect George O. Garnsey, whose other designs include the Ogle County Courthouse in Oregon, Illinois and Queen Anne style homes such as the Ellwood House in DeKalb, Illinois.

Construction of The Menominee Opera House was funded "primarily through the sale of stock by a group of prominent lumber barons who desired to enhance the cultural life of the community". Early performances included the talents of John Philip Sousa, Maude Adams and Texas Guinan. The opera house was also used for political rallies, suffrage meetings and local productions as well.

The diminishing popularity of live entertainment, brought on by the rise of motion pictures, caused the facility to shift its primary focus from live performances to movies. However, the opening of a competing movie theater quickly proved too much for the opera house. The facility closed its doors in 1929.

After ownership of the building was turned over to the city, The Menominee Opera House served as a local community auditorium (a.k.a. Civic Auditorium) from 1929 until around 1945. At which time, it was opened once again as a movie house under the name of The Menominee Theater. In addition to movies, the re-opened entertainment venue still managed to bring in a few live acts as well, including performances by big band leader Tiny Hill.

Despite a successful re-opening of the facility that had at one time been the pride of the city, the new era would be short-lived. Around 2 AM on March 9, 1950, a fire broke out in the boiler room under the stage. By the time that the fire was discovered, flames were already rising out from the roof. Although firefighters were able to contain the fire before it reached the auditorium, the damage sustained as a result of the fire was increased due to the freezing of the water used to battle the blaze in the harsh winter cold. Overall, the cost of the damage was estimated at around $30,000 - a total loss. However, after the fire, the building was purchased during bankruptcy proceedings. The new owner re-purposed the building as a warehouse. This action saved it from being torn down.

While the ultimate fate of this historic building has balanced the line between restoration and condemnation, there have been several different efforts over the past few decades to restore The Menominee Opera House. The most recent group was put together in 2004 under the name of The Menominee Opera House Committee, Inc. After two years of fundraising, this non-profit organization of local volunteers was given the deed to the building by the Vennema family corporation, which had owned it since 1979. Their goal is summed up in the group's objective: "Restoring the historic Menominee Opera House to become a multifunctional performing arts center".

Fundraising efforts and restoration work by The Menominee Opera House Committee, Inc. are currently in full swing. They were awarded a $45,000 grant in June 2012 and a $27,000 grant in May 2015 by the State Historic Preservation Office of Michigan. The group also had its first in a series of planned live events titled "Theatre in the Ruin" on September 14, 2014. The event included four musical acts. It was the first time that a scheduled live performance had taken place in the building in over 70 years. Although the overall pace of the project work has increased in recent years, the restoration is still expected to take several years to complete depending on funding.

= = = Micrometer adjustment nut = = =

On a manual milling machine, the micrometer adjustment nut limits the depth to which the cutting tool may plunge into the workpiece. It is located on a threaded rod on the mill head. The machine operator moves it up or down by rotating it clockwise (to move it down) or counter-clockwise (to move it up). Moving the nut down increases the depth to which the cutting tool may plunge into the workpiece. Moving the nut up reduces the depth to which the cutting tool may plunge into the workpiece.

= = = Yasuko Konno = = =

In 1969 and 1971 she won three medals in doubles, and team events in the World Table Tennis Championships.

The three World Championship medals included two gold medals; one in the Corbillon Cup {women's team event) and one in the doubles with Nobuhiko Hasegawa at the 1969 World Table Tennis Championships.

= = = List of Permanent Representatives of Germany to NATO = = =

This List of Permanent Representatives of Germany to NATO includes all permanent representatives of the Federal Republic of Germany to NATO since 1955.

= = = Alternatives Federal Credit Union = = =

Alternatives Federal Credit Union was founded in Ithaca, New York in 1979. Their primary focus is on providing low cost services to small businesses, low income households and non-profit organizations.

Alternatives Federal Credit Union initially focused on local co-ops and employee owned businesses, experiencing rapid growth in their first decade. By 1990, they had almost 5,000 members and deposits totaling over $12 million. Part of this community initiative was to start the "Socially Responsible Investment Club," which itself was a credit union for young people. It assisted in starting other credit unions as well, offered seminars on personal finance, low income housing and entrepreneurship.

In 2014, the Credit Union National Association (CUNA) awarded AFCU their 2014 Community Credit Union of the Year Award.

= = = The Other Son = = =

The Other Son (original title: Le Fils de l'Autre) is a 2012 French drama film directed by Lorraine Lévy.

The film centers on Joseph Silberg (Jules Sitruk), who is about to turn 18 years old and serve in the Israeli Defense Forces. During routine tests, his family discovers his blood type is different from theirs. Through further testing, including DNA testing, the family discovers that Joseph is not their son.

An investigation is conducted by the hospital Joseph was born in. Due to a bombing attack that occurred on the night he was born, Joseph and another baby were taken to shelters for safety and switched by mistake. The hospital administrator contacts the family of the other baby, who happen to be Palestinian. Their baby, Yacine Al Bezaaz, was born on the same night.

The story develops reflecting the issues of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in which both fathers are reluctant to accept the situation while the mothers are more open to the possibility of becoming close with their biological children. As the boys become friends, their families have to re-evaluate their beliefs and "resistance to neighboring culture" (Xenophobia) prior to connecting with their true identity.

= = = Shaye Ali Sharahili = = =

Shaye Ali Sharahili (; born 30 May 1990) is a football player, who plays as a defensive midfielder in Saudi Arabia.

= = = Glasnost meeting = = =

The glasnost meeting (), also known as the glasnost rally, was the first spontaneous public political demonstration in the Soviet Union after the Second World War. It took place in Moscow on 5 December 1965 as a response to the trial of writers Andrei Sinyavsky and Yuli Daniel. The demonstration is considered to mark the beginning of a movement for civil rights in the Soviet Union.

In September 1965, writers Andrei Sinyavsky and Yuli Daniel were arrested and accused of having published anti-Soviet material in foreign editorials. The prosecution argued that the writings amounted to the criminal offense codified in Article 70 of the RSFSR Criminal code, anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda.

While most Russian critics of the trial emphasized issues of conscience and creative freedom, a small minority headed by mathematician Alexander Esenin-Volpin took another position. They were convinced that legitimate criticism should focus on the fact that the proceedings were not in adherence to existing law, specifically to the provisions guaranteeing an open trial.

Alexander Esenin-Volpin, together with physicist Valery Nikolsky, artist Yuri Titov and Titov's wife Elena Stroeva, began to plan a gathering in Pushkin Square, across the street from the office of the newspaper "Izvestia". The date chosen was 5 December, the official holiday celebrating the ratification of the 1936 "Stalin" Constitution by the Congress of Soviets. The meeting itself was to exemplify strict obedience to the Constitution, which guaranteed freedom of assembly and meetings. The participants were to restrict themselves to the single demand for an open trial for Sinyavsky and Daniel, as per Article 111.

Responses to this proposal by their acquaintances were mostly negative. Many saw the idea as utopian and dangerous: While it was unclear whether the meeting would help Sinyavsky and Daniel, participants in any such meeting were likely to be arrested, their careers ruined. The idea of such a "glasnost meeting" did find support among small circles of high school and university students such as Irina Yakir, Yuri Galanskov, Yuliya Vishnevskaya, and Vladimir Bukovsky, who learned of the plan through the informal networks of the Moscow intelligentsia. Among them were several veterans of the unofficial Mayakovsky Square poetry readings and the literary group SMOG.

A one-page "Civic Appeal" (Гражданское обращение) was drafted by Volpin and Nikolsky. It was distributed via samizdat and disseminated by supporters around Moscow University and other liberal-arts institutions. Citing the articles of the Soviet Constitution and the Code of Criminal Procedure regarding open courts, the appeal reminded readers of the "millions of Soviet citizens" who had perished because of official lawlessness:

On 5 December, about 50 participants and roughly 200 sympathetic observers gathered on Pushkin Square. Signs were unfurled with the slogans "Respect the Soviet Constitution" and "We demand an open trial for Sinyavsky and Daniel." The meeting itself lasted less than twenty minutes. KGB officials sent to monitor the gathering quickly confiscated the signs and detained their bearers for several hours.

About forty participating and onlooking students were expelled from their universities. Yuliya Vishnevskaya and Leonid Gubanov were held in a psychiatric ward for a month for distributing the appeal. Vladimir Bukovsky had been arrested three days before the planned demonstration and was held in a ward for eight months.

While the Soviet press ignored the event, it was picked up by Western media such as the New York Times. The BBC and Voice of America broadcast the news into the USSR. Possibly owing to the publicity of the demonstration in the West, the trial was declared open. In fact, only people with special passes approved by the KGB were allowed to enter the court building, and the proceedings and records remained closed to foreign observers.

The demonstration is considered the first organized action of the Soviet dissident movement. Similarly, the spontaneous, uncensored production and circulation of the "Civic Appeal" was one of the first uses of informal networks of text-sharing, later called "samizdat", for political purposes.

"Glasnost meetings" on 5 December became an annual event in Moscow. They attracted luminaries such as Andrei Sakharov, who joined the event on Constitution Day 1966 after an invitation to gather "five-ten minutes before six p.m. and exactly at six, remove out hats with the others, as a sign of respect for the Constitution and to stand in silence, bare-headed, for one minute." The meetings continued until Constitution Day was moved to 7 October in 1977.

The "legalist" approach of demanding that existing laws and guaranteed rights be observed by the state was taken up by subsequent dissident figures. So-called defenders of rights ("pravozashchitniki" or "zakonniki") avoided moral and political commentary in favor of close attention to legal and procedural issues. It became a common cause for diverse social groups in the dissident millieu, ranging from academics to activists in the youth subculture. Underground coverage of arrests and trials became more common and led to the founding of the "Chronicle of Current Events" in April 1968. The unofficial newsletter reported violations of civil rights and judicial procedure by the Soviet government and responses to those violations by citizens across the USSR.

The rights-based strategy of dissent soon merged with the idea of human rights. The years following the Soviet Union's signing of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in 1968 saw the emergence of a Soviet human rights movement. It included figures such as Valery Chalidze, Yuri Orlov, and Lyudmila Alexeyeva. Special groups were founded such as the Initiative Group for the Defense of Human Rights in the USSR (1969), the Committee on Human Rights in the USSR (1970) and the Helsinki Watch Groups in Moscow, Kiev, Vilnius, Tbilisi, and Erevan (1976–77).

In 1995, a book featuring recollections of the meeting by the participants was published by Memorial.

The demonstration is also recounted in the 2005 documentary "They Chose Freedom".

= = = Theater der Zeit = = =