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Kwai Chung Hospital () is a psychiatric hospital in Kwai Chung, Hong Kong, located near Princess Margaret Hospital. Officially opened on 15 October 1981, the hospital currently provides 920 psychiatric beds, serving the population of Kwai Chung, Tsing Yi, Tsuen Wan, Tung Chung, North Lantau and part of Kowloon. |
Apart from in-patient psychiatric services for adult psychiatric patients, it also develops psychiatric specialty services which include Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Services, Psychogeriatric Services, Community Psychiatry, Consultation Liaison Services, Substance Abuse Assessment Unit and Psychiatric Unit for Learning Disabilities. |
The hospital also provides out-patient department and day hospital services for psychiatric patients at West Kowloon Psychiatric Centre and East Kowloon Psychiatric Centre. |
The hospital is reachable by Lai King Hill Road. |
Kwai Chung Hospital began its operations in November 1980 and was officially opened on 15 October 1981 by the Hong Kong Governor, Murray MacLehose. |
= = = Jōkō Ninomiya = = = |
Joko Ninomiya was born on January 27, 1954, in Yawatahama, Shikoku, Japan. Ninomiya was the youngest of 10 brothers and sisters. His family owned and tended to several fruit orchards. To augment the family's income, his father also worked as a carpenter. |
In seventh grade, at age 12, Ninomiya began training in a Judo class taught by a teacher at his junior high school. He earned his first degree black belt by the end of eighth grade. After turning 14, Ninomiya did extra Judo training at the local police station gym on weekends and holidays. It was there that he met the man who would become his teacher and mentor in karate- Hideyuki Ashihara. One year later, in 1969, Ninomiya began training in Ashihara's Kyokushin dojo. |
Hideyuki Ashihara began training in Kyokushin karate at the honbu dojo in 1971 when he was 16 years old. Kyokushin(kai) is a full contact, knockdown style of karate founded by Mas Oyama. Ashihara attained first degree black belt in Kyokushin in 1974. Two years after that he became an instructor, and two years after that he was allowed to open his own dojo in Ninomiya's home town of Yawatahama. |
During this time, Ashihara was developing his own approach to the Kyokushin curriculum he was teaching his students as well as adding additional movements and techniques that he had devised. His techniques involved using circular patterns to move outside of an opponent's attack and then to counterattack from a position of advantage. These techniques also involved parries and sweeps intended to use the opponent's momentum against him. He always stressed getting the maximum impact from a minimum amount of force. Ashihara called these techniques, "Sabaki." Although many of these techniques were prohibited in Kyokushin Knockdown karate tournament rules, he taught them to his students, including Ninomiya, so that they would be more effective, all-around karate fighters. Many renowned karate students came to train at Ashihara's dojo because of his reputation as an extremely effective instructor. |
When Ninomiya was 17, he received his brown belt in Kyokushin from Ashihara and was chosen to compete in the All-Japan Tournament as the youngest competitor. He lost in the second round to eventual tournament champion Katsuaki Satō. |
Ninomiya trained hard for the next year's tournament, including spending three weeks living and training alone at a beach some distance from his home town. At his second All-Japan tournament in 1972 he lost in the third round to eventual tournament champion Miyuki Miura. |
During this time, Ninomiya had continued to train and compete in judo, as well as in karate. However, with graduation from high school, he stopped training in judo and trained full-time in karate, when not working in various jobs, including as a nightclub security guard. Ninomiya was now a 1st degree black belt in Kyokushin. At the 1973 All-Japan tournament, he lost again in the third round, this time to eventual tournament champion Hatsuo Royama. |
One month after the 1973 tournament, Ninomiya was chosen, along with five others, to go to live and train at the three Kyokushin dojo in New York City. Two of the American fighters that trained with them there were William Oliver and Willie Williams. The other five members of the group returned to Japan after two months, but Ninomiya stayed in New York to teach and train. Because of visa problems, he was unable to compete in the 1974 All-Japan tournament. |
In October, 1975, 21-year-old Joko Ninomiya returned to Japan to compete in the first All-World Tournament. In the semi-finals, he once again faced Katsuaki Satō. After a three-overtime match, Satō won the match by judge's decision. Satō then won the subsequent title match against Hatsuo Royama. Ninomiya finished in third place. The tournament was filmed for a documentary, called "Fighting Black Kings" that also profiled several of the competitors, including William Oliver and Willie Williams. |
Ninomiya returned to New York and prepared for the next year's All-Japan tournament. At the tournament, his quarter-final match went to three overtimes before he was awarded the decision. His semi-final match went two overtimes before he was again awarded the decision. Extremely fatigued, Ninomiya had only 10-minutes to rest and prepare for the final match against Toshikazu Satō which Satō won. Ninomiya returned to New York to resume teaching and training. |
Ninomiya was unable to compete in the 1977 All-Japan due to a training accident involving a sword that almost severed his left thumb. Instead, he decided to move to Denver to open his own Kyokushin dojo. His first classes were held in a neighborhood health club. However, he was subsequently able to rent a vacant store to use as a training dojo. He soon had a dedicated core of students. |
The next year, Ninomiya returned to Japan briefly for his father's funeral. Seven months later, he returned again for the 1978 All-Japan Tournament. In the final match, Ninomiya defeated Keiji Sanpei to win the All-Japan championship. He then retired from tournament competition to concentrate full-time on teaching karate. |
In 1980 Hideyuki Ashihara left the Kyokushin organization and started his own style- Ashihara Karate. Ninomiya directed the US region of Ashihara Karate from Denver. Over the next eight years, Ashihara Karate slowly increased in size in the US and around the world. |
During this time, Ninomiya states that he had developed strategies and ideas of his own that he was eager to implement in his training curriculum. He also wanted to develop his own tournament format that would provide what he felt to be a "true" test of karate skills. Therefore, in May, 1988, Ninomiya decided to leave Ashihara Karate and start his own style. Most of the instructors and students of Ashihara in the US decided to follow Ninomiya into his new organization Enshin kaikan, providing a strong base for the new style- Enshin Karate. |
Since 1988, Enshin Karate has continued to be headquartered at Ninomiya's honbu in Denver. The organization has grown and now includes schools in Asia, South America, Europe, Africa, Australia, and the Middle East, as well as in the US. Ninomiya's idea for an open, knockdown-rules tournament that promotes the Sabaki method became the Sabaki Challenge which has been held annually in Denver since 1989. |
Ninomiya travels extensively in his position as director of the Enshin organization. He attends the openings of new dojo, presides over Enshin sabaki tournaments, and conducts seminars on the sabaki method. When not traveling he trains and instructs at the honbu in Denver. |
= = = Maqsood Ahmed = = = |
Maqsood Ahmed (26 March 1925 – 4 January 1999) was a Pakistani cricketer who played in 16 Test matches from 1952 to 1955. He was educated at Islamia College, Lahore. |
Maqsood Ahmed was a useful all rounder in the first ever cricket team of Pakistan. Before the creation of Pakistan, he played for Southern Punjab in India, scoring 144 in his very first match. An aggressive hitter of the ball, Maqsood played a vital role in the recognition of Pakistan as test playing nation when he made 137 against the visiting MCC in 1951–52. |
A right-handed middle-order batsman, Maqsood was a hard hitter of the ball and is one of the Test cricketers whose highest score was 99, which he made in the Third Test against India in 1954–55. Though a brilliant batsman, his performance in Test matches was rather irregular because of his carefree attitude. In England in 1952 he became the first Pakistani to play as a professional cricketer. The English press dubbed him "Merry Max". |
He played 16 Test matches, scoring a total of 507 runs. He was also a right-arm medium fast bowler with three wickets in test matches to his credit. His first-class record is better, with 3815 runs in 85 matches between 1945 and 1964, including six centuries. He also took 124 wickets, with 7 for 39 and 6 for 44 against Sargodha in 1962–63 his best bowling figures. He was the leading bowler in the Quaid-i-Azam Trophy in 1962–63 with 34 wickets at an average of 9.29. He captained Karachi Blues and Rawalpindi in the Quaid-i-Azam Trophy. |
After retiring from cricket, Maqsood Ahmed worked as a commentator and sports journalist for PTV, BBC and Radio Pakistan. He also served as the Chief National Cricket Coach and coached many Test stars including Intikhab Alam, Asif Iqbal, Mushtaq Mohammad, Sadiq Mohammad and Majid Khan. He was the Chairman of the National Selection Committee of the Pakistan Cricket Board which selected the World Cup winning team in 1991–92. |
From independence to the time of his death he was associated with cricket in Pakistan and dedicated all his life and abilities for the promotion of Pakistan cricket. In recognition of his service one of the gates of the Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium carries his name, "Maqsood Ahmed Enclosure" and so does one of the benches at the Bagh-e-Jinnah Cricket Ground located inside the historic Lahore Gymkhana. |
Maqsood Ahmed died on 4 January 1999 in Rawalpindi. |
= = = Nazar Mohammad = = = |
Nazar Mohammad (Urdu: نذر محمد) (born 5 March 1921, Lahore, Punjab – died 12 July 1996, Lahore) was a Pakistani cricketer who played in five Tests in 1952. He was educated at Islamia College, Lahore. |
In October 1952, in Pakistan's second Test match and first Test victory, he became the first player to score a Test century for Pakistan, and the first player to remain on the ground for an entire Test match. An opening batsman, he carried his bat for his score of '124 not out' in Pakistan's total of 331 in an innings victory over India, batting for 8 hours 35 minutes. |
Shortly after the series, he injured his arm, ending his career. According to Omar Noman, "as the famous story goes," Nazar sustained the injury jumping out from the house window of the film actress Noor Jehan when her film producer husband Shaukat Hussain Rizvi returned home unexpectedly and surprised them. There were persistent rumors in the local newspapers, at the time, of a romantic affair going on between Noor Jehan and Nazar Mohammad. |
His son Mudassar Nazar also represented Pakistan in cricket for many years in the 1970s and 1980s. |
= = = An Englishman, an Irishman and a Scotsman = = = |
"An Englishman, an Irishman and a Scotsman" is the opening line of a category of joke popular in Ireland and the United Kingdom. The nationalities involved may vary, though they are usually restricted to those within Ireland and the UK, and the number of people involved is usually three or sometimes four. In Ireland, the characters are sometimes called "Paddy Irishman, Paddy Englishman, and Paddy Scotsman". Depending on who is telling the joke, one nationality fares well and the other nationalities fare poorly according to national stereotypes. For example, in England the punchline is usually based around the Irishman being stupid, the Scotsman being mean or miserly, and the Englishman being posh (or a snob but ultimately not the butt of the joke), whereas in Scotland and Ireland, the Englishman will typically be the butt of the joke. Sometimes, when the joke requires four people, a Welshman is brought in. |
The joke typically starts with the home or favoured nationality and ends with the nationality and associated stereotype against which the joke is made. For example, in England, the joke begins "An Englishman, an Irishman and a Scotsman..." whereas in Ireland it begins "Paddy Irishman, Paddy Englishman, and Paddy Scotsman". |
The joke typically places the three characters in a scenario. How each person in the joke reacts to the scenario is then explained in order by person, the final reaction being the punch line, playing up to the stereotype of that nationality. The joke uses the rule of three, the first two characters being used to set up an expectation which is then subverted in some way by the third. |
The "three nationalities" joke format is also very common in other countries. In these cases, the two foreigners are almost always portrayed as cocky, stupid, or naïve, while the home national is smart, practical, or in any case ultimately victorious. |
The joke need not necessarily involve nationalities. Jokes about the hard sciences may begin "A mathematician, a physicist and an engineer..." |
= = = Waqar Hasan = = = |
Waqar Hasan (; born 12 September 1932) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played in 21 Test matches from 1952 to 1959. |
Waqar Hasan attended Government College, Lahore, where he played for the cricket team. He toured England with the Pakistan Eaglets team of young cricketers in 1951. |
An "attractive stroke-making right-handed batsman, who was ideal in a crisis", he played in Pakistan's first 18 Tests, including its first five victories. In Pakistan's first Test series, against India in 1952–53, he was the highest scorer on either side, with 357 runs at an average of 44.62, playing several defiant innings when Pakistan were in trouble. He was less successful on the 1954 tour of England, with 103 runs at 14.71, but impressed with his fielding in the covers. |
He scored his only Test century against New Zealand in 1955–56 at Lahore, when he made 189 in 430 minutes, adding 309 for the seventh wicket with Imtiaz Ahmed after the score had been 111 for 6. His 189 set a new record for Pakistan's highest Test score which lasted only until Ahmed (who made 209) overtook it the next day. Hasan played five more Tests without reaching 50. |
He played first-class cricket in Pakistan from 1949 to 1966, with a highest score of 201 not out for L. W. Cannon's XI against Hasan Mahmood's XI in 1953–54. He captained Karachi Blues to victory in the final of the 1963–64 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy and in his last first-class match he captained them to victory in the 1964–65 competition. |
He served as a national selector several times from the 1960s to the 1980s. He was the chief selector when Pakistan beat India 3–0 at home in 1982-83. |
He married Jamila Razaaq, the daughter of actress Sultana Razaaq, one of the earliest film actresses from India. Jamila is also the granddaughter of India’s first female film director, Fatima Begum, and the niece of Zubeida (the leading actress of India's first talkie film, "Alam Ara"), who was the younger sister of her mother Sultana. |
In 1954 Waqar moved from Lahore to work for the Pakistan Public Works Department in Karachi as a cinema inspector. In the early 1960s he went into business. He became Corporate Director of National Foods Limited, one of Pakistan's largest food companies. In 2002, with the assistance of the cricket journalist Qamar Ahmed, he wrote "For Cricket and Country: An Autobiography". |
= = = Mahmood Hussain (cricketer) = = = |
Mahmood Hussain (2 April 1932 – 25 December 1991) was a Pakistani cricketer who played in 27 Test matches from 1952 to 1962. He was a fast medium bowler who partnered with Fazal Mahmood after Khan Mohammad retired from Test cricket. He made an unforgettable 35 at the Ferozshah Kotla, New Delhi in 1961, which saved Pakistan from certain defeat. |
= = = Qishn = = = |
Qishn () is a coastal town in Al Mahrah Governorate, seat of Qishn District in southern Yemen. It is located at around . It has a landing strip, which is currently not in use. |
Historically, Qishn was a port from which incense was exported. The traveller and explorer Freya Stark notes that, "...from Qishn, 200 to 250 tons (of incense, annually). The best of it comes from Saudah, Hadhbarm and Mirbãt, and the worst from Qishn." |
= = = Zulfiqar Ahmed (cricketer) = = = |
Zulfiqar Ahmed (born 22 November 1926 – 3 October 2008) was a former Pakistani cricketer who played in 9 Tests from 1952 to 1956. He was educated at Islamia College, Lahore. |
He was primarily an off-spin bowler, but was also a very useful late-order batsman. His finest hour was when he took 11 for 79 in the match in a Test against New Zealand in Karachi in 1955. |
= = = Reflective subcategory = = = |
In mathematics, a full subcategory "A" of a category "B" is said to be reflective in "B" when the inclusion functor from "A" to "B" has a left adjoint. This adjoint is sometimes called a "reflector", or "localization". Dually, "A" is said to be coreflective in "B" when the inclusion functor has a right adjoint. |
Informally, a reflector acts as a kind of completion operation. It adds in any "missing" pieces of the structure in such a way that reflecting it again has no further effect. |
A full subcategory A of a category B is said to be reflective in B if for each B-object "B" there exists an A-object formula_1 and a B-morphism formula_2 such that for each B-morphism formula_3 to an A-object formula_4 there exists a unique A-morphism formula_5 with formula_6. |
The pair formula_7 is called the A-reflection of "B". The morphism formula_8 is called the A-reflection arrow. (Although often, for the sake of brevity, we speak about formula_1 only as being the A-reflection of "B"). |
This is equivalent to saying that the embedding functor formula_10 is a right adjoint. The left adjoint functor formula_11 is called the reflector. The map formula_8 is the unit of this adjunction. |
The reflector assigns to formula_13 the A-object formula_1 and formula_15 for a B-morphism formula_16 is determined by |
the commuting diagram |
If all A-reflection arrows are (extremal) epimorphisms, then the subcategory A is said to be (extremal) epireflective. Similarly, it is bireflective if all reflection arrows are bimorphisms. |
All these notions are special case of the common generalization—formula_17-reflective subcategory, where formula_17 is a class of morphisms. |
The formula_17-reflective hull of a class A of objects is defined as the smallest formula_17-reflective subcategory containing A. Thus we can speak about reflective hull, epireflective hull, extremal epireflective hull, etc. |
An anti-reflective subcategory is a full subcategory A such that the only objects of B that have an A-reflection arrow are those that are already in A. |
Dual notions to the above-mentioned notions are coreflection, coreflection arrow, (mono)coreflective subcategory, coreflective hull, anti-coreflective subcategory. |
= = = Cosmos atrosanguineus = = = |
Cosmos atrosanguineus, the chocolate cosmos, is a species of "Cosmos", native to Mexico. It has often been claimed that it is extinct in the wild; however it is "quite abundant" in Mexico. The species was introduced into cultivation in 1885, when the British seed company Thompson & Morgan first listed it in their seed catalogue. Its dark red to brownish red flowers have a scent resembling chocolate, which is one reason for its popularity as a cultivated plant. |
"Cosmos atrosanguineus" is a herbaceous perennial plant growing to 40–60 cm tall, with a fleshy tuberous root. The leaves are 7–15 cm long, pinnate, with leaflets 2–5 cm long. The flowers are produced in a capitulum 3-4.5 cm diameter, dark red to maroon-dark brown, with a ring of six to ten (usually eight) broad ray florets and a center of disc florets; they have a light vanillin fragrance (like many chocolates), which becomes more noticeable towards the end of the day. |
The species was first described in 1861 by William Hooker, as "Cosmos diversifolia" var. "atrosanguineus". Eduard Ortgies later elevated it to a full species, placing it in the genus "Bidens". Andreas Voss transferred it back to "Cosmos", retaining its status as an independent species. It is one of eight species of "Cosmos" placed in section "Discopoda". "Cosmos" belongs to subtribe Coreopsidinae. |
In 2008, Oku, T.; Takahashi, H.; Yagi, F.; et al. analyzed the Chocolate Cosmos flower using PSID (plastid subtype identity) sequences in order to clarify the phylogenetic relationships of this plant. They determined that this species did indeed have closer relations to "Cosmos" than to the genus of "Bidens" or "Dahlia." |
Although it had been reported that "Cosmos atrosanguineus" was extinct in the wild, a research project on the genus "Cosmos" begun in 2007 by Mexican botanist Aarón Rodríguez found modern records starting from 1986. Field work showed that it grew in the states of Guanajuato, Querétaro and San Luis Potosí. It is found in mixed pine and oak forest, at elevations of around . |
Both seed-raised and vegetatively propagated cultivars are available, varying in the size, colour and shape of the petals. An article in 2017 listed 17 cultivars and seed-raised strains. , "C." "atrosanguineus" 'Hamcoec' (trade description ) has the largest flower heads, up to 5 cm in diameter. The variation in flower color from red to black of "Cosmos atrosanguineus" and its cultivars results from variation in the amounts of anthocyanins and chalcone present. Hybrids with other "Cosmos" species are also known in cultivation. As with "Cosmos" 'Thomocha' (), hybrids may be less scented than the species. |
It requires partial sun or full sun, and flowers from mid to late summer. It is frost-sensitive (Zones 6–11); in temperate zones, the tuber has to be dug up and stored in a frost-free store over the winter. |
7. Oku, T. ; Takahashi, H. ; Yagi, F.; Nakamura, I. ; Mii, M. (2008). "Hybridisation between chocolate cosmos and yellow cosmos confirmed by phylogenetic analysis using plastid subtype identity (PSID) sequences" "JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY, 83 (3), 323-327" |