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1. A system for retrieving documents related to a concept from a text corpus comprising: a computer comprising non-transitory storage media which stores: a set of at least four semantic classes, each including at least five keywords, which classes are combinable in different combinations thereof according to predefined syntactic rules to express the concept, a set of user-selected keywords for each of the semantic classes to be used in searching documents in the text corpus, each of a plurality of the sets of user-selected keywords including a plurality of user-selected keywords, at least some of the semantic classes including keywords which are used in relevant expressions in retrieved text when the constituent notion is being conveyed and including keywords having different meanings from other keywords of the same semantic class and which are not synonymous with the other keywords of the same semantic class, and a plurality of the syntactic rules to be applied to identified text portions which include one or more of the user-selected keywords, each of the syntactic rules identifying a pair of semantic classes comprising a respective first of the semantic classes and a respective second of the semantic classes, whereby different rules identify different pairs of semantic classes, the rule being satisfied when any first keyword from the first of the pair of semantic classes and any second keyword from the second of the pair of semantic classes are in any one of a plurality of syntactic relationships; and a concept matching module, which accesses the memory, and which identifies text portions within the text corpus which include one or more of the keywords and which applies each of the syntactic rules to the text portions and identifies those text portions which each satisfy at least one of the syntactic rules, and retrieves documents which include at least one of the identified text portions.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of syntactic relationships comprises at least four syntactic relationships.

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10. A speech recognition system as described in claim 1, wherein: said means for receiving an acoustic description of a portion of speech to be recognized includes means for storing an acoustic description of both a first and a second portion of speech to be recognized; said means for storing an acoustic description of each word in a system vocabulary includes means for storing an acoustic description of a plurality of control words; said recognition means includes means for storing an associated character string for each of said control words; said control-input means includes means for causing said recognition means to make a determination of which, if any, one or more control words most probably correspond to said second portion of speech and to use said character string associated with said one or more control words as said string of one or more characters input by said operator through said control-input means for purposes of affecting the recognition of said first portion of speech.

1. A speech recognition system comprising: means for receiving an acoustic description of a portion of speech to be recognized; means for storing an acoustic description of each word in a system vocabulary; recognition means for making a determination of which one or more words of a recognition vocabulary, comprised of one or more words from said system vocabulary, most probably correspond to said portion of speech, said recognition means including comparing means for determining how closely the acoustic description of said portion of speech compares to the acoustic descriptions of words from said recognition vocabulary; and first-pass means for causing said recognition means to start to perform a first recognition of said portion of speech using a first such recognition vocabulary; control-input means for enabling an operator to input a string of one or more selected characters if he or she so desires; and re-recognition means responsive to the input of a string of characters through said control-input means for causing said recognition means to start to perform a second recognition of said portion of speech using a second such recognition vocabulary, said re-recognition means including alphabetic filtering means for selecting a sub-vocabulary from said system vocabulary to be used as said second recognition vocabulary, said filtering means including means, responsive to said control-input means, for causing said sub-vocabulary to include an increased percent of vocabulary words specified as a function of said string of one or more characters input through said control-input means.

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21. The method as claimed in claim 20 , wherein said one or more important terms include the most important concepts in said web-site's content, said determining the web- site's one or more important terms including: determining a set of terms from the terms of said document set that minimizes a distance measurement from said document set.

22. The method as claimed in claim 21 , further including: performing a top-k dominant competitor analysis by determining any web-page in the domain, not belonging to said web-site, that is ranked higher than all said web-site for at least k important terms, where k is an integer.

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2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the object comprises at least a portion of an appendage of a user's body.

1. A method for using a gesture in connection with an interactive display system on which images are displayed and objects disposed on or proximate thereto are optically detectable, comprising the steps of: (a) forming an image with light reflected from an object that is disposed above a display surface of the interactive display system, the light that is thus reflected being detected after passing through the display surface; (b) processing the image to distinguish between touch objects physically touching the display surface and hover objects proximate to the display surface and to recognize a gesture that was made by the user using the object, said gesture being recognized in response to detecting at least one connected component within the image, said connected component comprising adjacent pixels having an intensity within a predefined threshold; and (c) as a function of the gesture that was recognized, automatically producing a response that has previously been associated with the gesture, said response changing a state of the interactive display system.

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15. The computer program product of claim 9 , wherein the computer readable program code for generating one or more execution units from the declarative description of one or more data stream processing tasks comprises computer readable program code for using a compiler.

9. A computer program product comprising a tangible computer readable recordable storage medium having computer readable program code for generating a distributed stream processing application, said computer program product including: computer readable program code for obtaining a declarative description of one or more data stream processing tasks from a graph of operators, wherein the declarative description expresses at least one stream processing task; computer readable program code for generating one or more execution units from the declarative description of one or more data stream processing tasks, wherein the one or more execution units are deployable across one or more distributed computing nodes, and comprise a distributed data stream processing application binary; computer readable program code for generating one or more coarse granularity containers that encompass one or more fine granularity stream processing operators; computer readable program code for using the one or more coarse granularity containers to generate a distributed stream processing application; computer readable program code for generating one or more containers that encompass a combination of one or more stream processing operators, wherein said generating comprises: coalescing a combination of one or more operators into one or more containers, wherein said coalescing comprises: using an optimizer to automatically decide which of the one or more operators are to be coalesced into which of the one or more containers; and using user input to manually group the one or more operators into the one or more containers; and computer readable program code for fusing an outflow of an operator into an inflow of a downstream operator within a same container.

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7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the correlation degree between two words is determined based on the distance between the two words.

6. The method of claim 2 , wherein if the document segment is a sentence, the correlation degree between this sentence and its neighboring sentence is determined based on the correlation degrees between the words in this sentence and the words in its neighboring sentence.

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5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the statistical model is selected from a group comprising of at least one of a variance, a bias, a mean, and a standard deviation.

1. A method ingesting a plurality of content according to a statistical similarity of at least one portion of the ingested plurality of content into an online information handling system running on a first computer and capable of answering questions, wherein the ingested plurality of content is based on a received topic entered on a second computer and ingesting the plurality of content comprises ingesting a plurality of documents associated with the received topic, wherein the ingested plurality of documents are acquired from searching a plurality of online sources including a plurality of repositories and internet, the method comprising: determining at least one similarity between each document within the ingested plurality of documents based on a similarity criteria, wherein the similarity content comprises a predetermined threshold including a context, a number of times repeated, a confidence, a location, and an author; applying a statistical model to characterize the determined at least one similarity between each document within the ingested plurality of documents; creating at least one pair-wise link between a word, an image, or a plurality of other media for each document within the ingested plurality of documents based on the applied statistical model, wherein the created at least one pair-wise link is a hyperlink between at least two documents within the ingested plurality of documents and is created using text mining techniques; mapping the created at least one pair-wise link for a first document within the ingested plurality of documents to at least one other document within the ingested plurality of documents based on a context of the word, the image, or the plurality of other media; generating a plurality of rules for ingesting a plurality of additional content based on the mapping of the created at least one pair-wise link; storing the generated plurality of rules in an online repository; retrieving and utilizing the stored plurality of rules when a plurality of future documents are loaded into the online information handling system; creating a plurality of hard and soft links between a word, an image, or a plurality of other media for each document within the ingested plurality of documents based on the applied statistical model, wherein each hard link within the plurality of hard and soft links meets or exceeds a predetermined threshold and each soft link within the plurality of hard and soft links falls below a predetermined threshold; and creating a single annotation between each document within the ingested plurality of documents based on each hard link and each soft link within the plurality of hard and soft links.

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18. The system of claim 17 wherein the received partial character is associated with a name stored in the contact list.

20. The system of claim 18 wherein additional characters are received from the datastore means, decoded into a sequence of phonetic codes that are associated with the additional received characters, such that some of the phonetic codes of the input string are compared with the sequence of phonetic codes that are associated with the additional received characters.

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23. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 19 , wherein pre-processing the sentence further comprises adding a token to the sentence corresponding to an overall customer rating from a consumer review from which the sentence was parsed.

19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 18 , having further computer-executable instructions stored thereon that cause the computer to: pre-process the labeled sentences before generating the list of terms; and pre-process the sentence before classifying the sentence as to sentiment.

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3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: performing the navigational query to obtain navigational search results; merging the search results for the alternate query and the navigational search results to form merged search results; and transmitting the merged search results to the client for display to the first user.

1. A method comprising: at a server having one or more processors and memory storing programs executable by the processors, receiving from a first user a query for one or more items of interest, the query including at least one search term; obtaining and storing results responsive to the query; after obtaining and storing the results responsive to the query: receiving from the first user a separate navigational query for a first website, wherein the navigational query includes a first identifier of the first web site, and wherein the at least one search term is absent from the navigational query; and in response to receiving the navigational query, when the query is a recent query, obtaining the at least one search term from the recent query and executing an alternate query of the first web site to yield alternate search results responsive to the alternate query within a domain of the first website, the alternate query including the at least one search term and the navigational query; and formatting for display and transmitting to the first user the alternate search results, at least one top ranking navigational search result, and at least one remaining navigational search result, wherein the at least one top ranking navigational search result, the alternate search results, and the at least one remaining navigational search result are associated with a priority attribute that indicates a priority level for display, wherein a first priority attribute is associated with the at least one top ranking navigational search result and indicates that the at least one top ranking navigational search result is to be displayed above other search results displayed on a search result page, a second priority attribute is associated with the alternate query search result and indicates that the alternate query search result is to be displayed below the at least one top ranking navigational search result in the search result page, and a third priority attribute is associated with the at least one remaining navigational search result and indicates that the at least one remaining navigational search result is to be displayed below the alternate query search result in the search result page, the first priority attribute having a highest priority level and the third priority attribute having a lowest priority level.

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5. The method of claim 2 , further comprising modifying a classified energy level of a frame by changing the classified energy level of the frame, wherein in the detecting the energy changes, a segment in which the classified energy level of the frame is changed is identified.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the energy change includes a change between energy levels of neighboring frames and a change between an initial energy level of a frame and a changed energy level of the frame.

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1. A method of presenting a customized menu item in a menu display of a media application, the method comprising: receiving one or more application packages from a communications network at a computer system, wherein each application package contains one or more resources for customized application pages of the media application; storing the one or more application packages on the computer system in a storage system external to the media application; accessing internal menu markup data of the media application for rendering a set of menu items for the menu display; determining that the internal menu markup data indicates that the set of menu items for the menu display includes one or more built-in menu items installed with the media application, wherein: the internal menu markup data specifies a reference to a built-in application page of the media application for each built-in menu item, and selection of at least one of the built-in menu items launches a built-in application page that provides functionality for browsing and selecting broadcast television content received by the computer system; determining that the internal menu markup data includes a placeholder for an offering tile for a customized menu item within the set of menu items for the menu display, wherein: the customized menu item provides access to online television content, the placeholder references an application package and a resource for a customized application page, and selection of the offering tile for the customized menu item launches the customized application page to provide functionality for browsing and selecting categories of the online television content; searching for the application package and the resource referenced by the placeholder in the storage system external to the media application; if the application package and the resource referenced by the placeholder are found in the storage system external to the media application: accessing the application package referenced by the placeholder from the storage system external to the media application, accessing the resource referenced by the placeholder from the accessed application package, rendering the one or more built-in menu items and the offering tile for the customized menu item in the menu display of the media application, and customizing display of the offering tile for the customized menu item using content from the resource of the accessed application package; and if the application package and the resource referenced by the placeholder are not found in the storage system external to the media application: rendering the one or more built-in menu items in the menu display of the media application, and setting the offering tile for the customized menu item to be hidden from view.

6. The method of claim 1 further comprising: searching the storage system external to the media application for a resource provider identifier to find the application package referenced by the placeholder included in the internal menu markup data of the media application.

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1. A method of browsing one or more templates of a program on a computer system via a single-screen entry point user interface having a plurality of panes, the method comprising: receiving a signal indicating starting of the program; and presenting a navigation pane on a display upon receiving the signal indicating starting of the program, wherein the navigation pane is programmed to navigate a plurality of document template categories, each of the plurality of template categories including one or more templates accessible to a user; and organizing the template categories into sections including: expanding a local templates section, when selected, into a local template list of one or more template categories existing on the computer system, the local template list being presented to the user while the navigation pane continues to be displayed; expanding an online templates section, when selected, into an online template list of one or more online template categories if the program is connected to a Web service, the online template list being presented to the user while the navigation pane continues to be displayed; and generating a featured templates section, when selected, including a featured template list of featured templates, wherein the featured templates includes at least one blank template, one or more featured local templates, and one or more featured online templates if the program is connected to the Web service.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: upon receiving a signal indicating booting of the program, presenting on the display: a first button, an actuation of which returns the single-screen entry point user interface to a previous navigation sequence; a second button, an actuation of which creates a document using a selected local template; and a third button, an actuation of which downloads a selected online template to the computer system and creates a document using the downloaded online template.

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9. The automatic programmable device language setting method as recited in claim 1 , comprising reverting, the one or more programmable devices to a default language when said user leaves the space and/or when said user no longer requires the use of said programmable device.

1. An automatic programmable device language setting method for customizing one or more programmable devices with an active language setting and wherein said programmable device is located within a habitation or temporary habitation space, and said space located within an indoor space environment and/or outdoor space environment, for use by a user having a preferred native language and a user device, comprising: monitoring, by a networked monitoring device which is configured to control configuration of at least one programmable device; detecting, by another programmable device within said space, at least one user device and at least one programmable device presence in said space; receiving, at least a user language preference from a plurality of language reference devices comprising of at least a user device, the another programmable device, and remote storage device and wherein the user language preference is received from at least one of the language reference device; setting, by the another programmable device, at least an active preferred language on at least one programmable device to the preferred language of a user; and displaying and/or outputting, a customized information on at least one programmable device and/or the another programmable device within said space to the preferred language of said user.

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11. The system of claim 9 , wherein the hierarchy of task objectives includes mutually exclusive objectives.

9. A system comprising: a processor; a memory storing instruction for controlling the processor to perform steps comprising: obtaining a priority of each of at least one task objective based on a structure of a hierarchy of task objectives; associating the at least one task objective from the hierarchy of task objectives with a first input received from a user, wherein each task objective is assigned corresponding priority; determining an order of implementation of the at least one task objective based on the corresponding priority assigned to each of the task objectives associated with the first input; associating o the at least one task objective from the hierarchy of task objectives with a second input received from a user; revising the order of implementation of the at least one task objective based on the corresponding priority assigned to each of the task objectives associated with the first input and the second input, to yield a revised order of implementation; and implementing the task objectives based on the revised order of implementation.

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2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the query results include a pointer to a document that does not explicitly mention the search term.

1. A method, comprising: creating a conceptual inverted index (CII) based on conceptual indices (CIs), the CII including CII entries, each of which corresponds to a separate concept in a concept graph, the creating including for each CII entry: with respect to the concept corresponding to the CII entry, populating the CII entry with: pointers to documents selected from the CIs having likelihoods of being related to the concept that are greater than a threshold value; and the corresponding likelihoods of the documents; receiving a query that includes one of the concepts in the concept graph as a search term; searching the CII for the search term; and generating query results from the searching, the query results including at least a subset of the pointers to documents; creating an explanations index that indicates for each of the documents pointed to by the pointers included in the query results, a likelihood that each of one or more concepts extracted from the document is related to the search term; and generating an explanation of the query results based on the explanations index, the explanation including a summary of a relevance of the query results to the query, wherein each of the CIs is associated with a corresponding one of the documents and includes a CI entry for each concept in the concept graph, and each of the CI entries specifies a value indicating a likelihood that the one of the documents is related to the concept in the concept graph.

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12. The computer readable medium of claim 8 , wherein determining that a first match between the first distribution criterion and the phrase is a more specific match than a second match between the second distribution criterion and the phrase comprises: determining that the first match is an exact match between the first distribution criterion and the phrase; and determining that the second match is less than an exact match between the first distribution criterion and the phrase.

13. The computer readable medium of claim 12 , wherein determining that the second match is less than an exact match comprises determining that the second match is a broad match type.

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1. A method of operating a mobile communication device, said method comprising: over a wireless messaging channel receiving a text message, wherein the text message contains a non-text representation of an utterance; extracting the non-text representation from the text message; synthesizing an audio representation of the spoken utterance from the non-text representation; and playing the synthesized audio representation through an audio output device on the mobile communication device.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-text representation is a compressed version of the utterance.

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6. The method for using augmented reality devices of claim 5 , wherein displaying, by the second head-mounted display of the second augmented reality device, text corresponding to the speech by the person comprises: emphasizing one or more words of the text that were determined to be important.

5. The method for using augmented reality devices of claim 3 , further comprising: determining, by the second augmented reality device, one or more words categorized as important.

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46. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises: indexing the programming code to generate an index; the index including keywords found based on the text in the programming code with a corresponding count of the frequency of each keyword in the programming code, and the indexing generated by parsing the programming code using a regular expression process including a pattern matching expression process that is specific to the syntax of the particular programming language used in the programming code; and the searching including comparing the search query with the generated index to produce the syntax aware textual search result.

1. A computer implemented method, comprising: receiving a search query for a programming code search engine; searching a programming code database with the search query in a form of a search criterion that conforms to an underlying storage of textual keywords and metadata, the programming code database being populated with programming code from one or more repositories of programming code, the programming code in the programming code database being indexed by use of a full-text analysis of the programming code, the full-text analysis including: a plain-text analysis that evaluates the programming code as plain text to extract a set of plain text keywords found in the programming code; and a plain text-based statistical analysis that derives statistical metadata from the set of plain text keywords; scoring results of the searching according to a scoring criterion, the scoring criterion including a reuse score that tracks a copying for reuse of lines of programming instructions in the programming code database; and presenting the results of the searching in a ranked order according to the scoring, the results being a subset of the programming code corresponding to the search query.

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15. One or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media having stored thereon computer executable units that are executable to perform actions comprising: obtaining a query log of a search engine; determining a threshold of a ranking of queries in the query log; selecting a plurality of queries with rankings higher than the threshold; obtaining a first word and a second word from the plurality of queries; determining that a shortest edit distance between the first word and the second word is less than or equal to an edit distance threshold; determining whether both of the first word and the second word exist in a preset knowledge database; in response to determining at least the first word does not exist in the preset knowledge database, segmenting the first word to obtain one or more terms; and determining whether the one or more terms after segmentation exist in the preset knowledge database, in response to determining that the one or more terms after segmentation exist in the preset knowledge database, searching a smallest granularity type with a highest weight value for each of the one or more terms in the preset knowledge database; in response to determining that both of the first word and the second word exist in the preset knowledge database, finding the smallest granularity type with the highest weight value for each of the first word and the second word in the preset knowledge database; determining whether the two words have a same smallest granularity type with a highest weight value; in response to determining that the first word and the second word have the same smallest granularity type with the highest weight value, determining that the first word and the second word are synonyms; and in response to determining that the first word and the second word do not have the same smallest granularity type with the highest weight value, determining that the two words are non-synonyms.

16. The one or more computer-readable storage media as recited in claim 15 , further comprising after determining that the first word and the second word have the same smallest granularity type with the highest weight value, determining whether a term in the first word or the second word respectively is changeable without changing a meaning of the first word or the second word respectively, in response to determining that the term in the first word or the second word is changeable, further determining that the first word and the second word are synonyms; and in response to determining that the term in the first word or the second word is not changeable, further determining that the first word and the second word are non-synonyms.

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3. The system of claim 2 wherein said at least two feature vectors includes a histogram of gradient and a histogram of optical flow.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein each of said feature representations in said group of feature representations comprise a concatenation of at least two feature vectors.

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20. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the netlist description is a first netlist description, the preprocessed first netlist description is a second netlist description that includes one or more second embedded code segments for describing the circuit, and the at least one computer further performs operations, wherein the scanning module scans the second netlist description to identify the one or more second embedded code segments and the corresponding second programming language of each second embedded code segment from the one or more specified programming languages, the second embedded code segment generating a second preprocessed segment to replace the second embedded code segment in the second netlist description through the scripting operations of the identified second programming language, and the second preprocessed segment including at least some netlist code; the pipeline-configuration module configures a second pipeline preprocessor to receive the second netlist description and sequentially process the second netlist description through one or more second programming-language preprocessors that correspond to the one or more identified second programming languages, each second programming-language preprocessor operating on at least one second embedded code segment written in its corresponding second programming language to generate at least one second preprocessed segment that replaces the at least one second embedded code segment in the second netlist description; and the pipeline-use module uses the second pipeline preprocessor to generate a second preprocessed netlist description, the one or more second embedded code segments being replaced by the one or more second preprocessed segments in the second preprocessed netlist description.

15. An apparatus configured to preprocess a netlist description that includes one or more embedded code segments for describing a circuit, the apparatus comprising at least one computer to perform operations that provide: a specification module to specify one or more programming languages to generate netlist code through scripting operations of the one or more programming languages; a scanning module to scan the netlist description to identify the one or more embedded code segments and the corresponding programming language of each embedded code segment from the one or more specified programming languages, the embedded code segment generating a preprocessed segment to replace the embedded code segment in the netlist description through the scripting operations of the identified programming language, and the preprocessed segment including at least some netlist code; a pipeline-configuration module to configure a pipeline preprocessor to receive the netlist description and sequentially process the netlist description through one or more programming-language preprocessors that correspond to the one or more identified programming languages, each programming-language preprocessor operating on at least one embedded code segment written in its corresponding programming language to generate at least one preprocessed segment that replaces the at least one embedded code segment in the netlist description; and a pipeline-use module to use the pipeline preprocessor to generate a preprocessed netlist description, the one or more embedded code segments being replaced by the one or more preprocessed segments in the preprocessed netlist description.

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10. The method of claim 9 wherein determining the multiple articles includes constructing a query configured to obtain indications of one or more of the articles indexed by the content recommendation computing system.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein constructing the query includes determining whether one of the modified multiple entities is a known disambiguated entity or a known non-disambiguated entity.

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28. A non-transitory computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, wherein the instructions are executable by at least one computer processor to perform a method, the method comprising: (A) applying automatic speech recognition to an audio signal to produce a structured document representing contents of the audio signal; (B) determining whether the structured document includes an indication of compliance for each of a plurality of best practices to produce a conclusion; (C) inserting content into the structured document, based on the conclusion, to produce a modified structured document; (D) generating a first indication that a user should provide additional input of a first type to conform the structured document to a first best practice in the plurality of best practices; and (E) generating a second indication that the user should provide additional input of a second type to conform the structured document to a second best practice in the plurality of best practices.

33. The computer readable medium of claim 28 , wherein (B) further comprises: identifying a type of the structured document; identifying a best practice associated with the identified type; and determining whether the structured document includes an indication of compliance with the identified best practice to produce the conclusion.

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6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining, by said one or more processors in said MFD, said location of said processed one or more portions for said one or more field names in said electronic document.

1. A method for providing assistance, by a multi-function device (MFD), for document preparation, said method comprising: processing, by one or more processors in said MFD, one or more portions for one or more field names in an electronic document, wherein said electronic document corresponds to a hand-filled document comprising a character string in a first format for a field name of said one or more field names in said hand-filled document, wherein said one or more portions are extracted from said electronic document to determine a second format and a location of said character string in said electronic document, wherein said extraction of said one or more portions from said electronic document is based on a user input that indicates a first ink color of said character string, wherein said first ink color of said character string in said electronic document is different from a second ink color of said one or more field names of said electronic document; receiving, by said one or more processors in said MFD, a set of information in a pre-specified format for said one or more field names from a user-computing device over a communication network, wherein said set of information comprises at least a plurality of key strings and corresponding values; determining, by said one or more processors in said MFD, a field value for each processed portion in said electronic document based on a match between said character string in said second format and at least one of said plurality of key strings associated with field names in said received set of information; and updating, by said one or more processors in said MFD, said electronic document based on replacement of said processed portion in said electronic document for each of said one or more field names with a corresponding determined field value at said location.

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17. The system of claim 16 , wherein the operation further comprises, presenting results of the executed query to the user in a graphical user interface on a display device.

16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the operation further comprises: executing the resolved query to identify one or more instances of the model entity that satisfy the dictionary term criteria condition; and returning, to a requesting entity, an indication of the identified instances of the model entity.

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4. The at least one non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1 , comprising a set of instructions that, in response to being executed on the computing device, cause the computing device to: identify a plurality of proposed solutions in response to the triggering event; generate a respective evaluation value for each of the plurality of proposed solutions; and implement, from among the plurality of proposed solutions, a proposed solution corresponding to a highest respective evaluation value.

1. At least one non-transitory machine-readable medium comprising a set of instructions that, in response to being executed on a computing device, cause the computing device to: identify, in response to a triggering event associated with a workload of a storage system, a proposed solution comprising one or more actions to be performed; predict, for the proposed solution, a value of an output metric for the workload using a mapping function for the output metric based on a plurality of input metric values for a foreground workload and a plurality of input metric values for a set of background workloads of the storage system, the mapping function produced using a machine learning algorithm; and generate an evaluation value for the proposed solution based on the predicted value of the output metric.

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13. Data-processing apparatus, having a processor, for normalizing an individual mention of a subcellular entity within a biomedical text document, said data-processing apparatus comprising: an input module for inputting said individual mention of a subcellular entity; a first selection module for selecting a group of identifiers of subcellular entities, said subcellular entities being referred to in biomedical text with the same character string and being from different species, each of said species being a taxonomic group of organisms which can interbreed; an identification module for generating, using said processor, a species identifier that identifies the species of said individual mention of a subcellular entity from the context of said mention of a subcellular entity; a second selection module for selecting an identifier from said group of identifiers, taking into account the species identifier that identifies the species of said individual mention of a subcellular entity; and an output module for outputting said identifier to provide a normalized reference to said subcellular entity.

21. Data-processing apparatus according to claim 13 , wherein the biomedical text document includes mentions of subcellular entities relating to more than one species of organism.

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1. A computerized method for creating a story by a plurality of collaborators each capable of supplying story content associated with a story concept over a network, comprising: making the story concept available for access over the network to enable the plurality of collaborators to submit competing story content related to at least one element in the story concept; accepting the competing story content associated with the story concept from the plurality of collaborators if the received competing story content meets a first predetermined criteria; determining a selected story content from the competing story content submitted from each of the plurality of collaborators, the selected story content being approved for inclusion in the story based on communications over the network; and creating the story from the selected story content that is approved.

5. The computerized method of claim 1 , wherein prior to making the story concept available for access, the method further comprises receiving the story concept for the story, the story concept including an indication of one or more editors that are selected to edit the story.

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4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a filter is complementary with at least one other filter in the package when (i) that filter has at least one parameter that is determined based on a parameter of the at least one other filter in the package, (ii) that filter represents a gesture that is commonly made by a user within a short time period of a gesture represented by the at least one other filter in the package, or (iii) the gesture represented by that filter is capable of being made simultaneously with a gesture represented by the at least one other filter in the package.

1. A method for providing a package of complementary gesture filters to an application, comprising: providing a package comprising a plurality of filters, each filter comprising information about a gesture, at least one filter being complementary with at least one other filter in the package; receiving an indication of assigning a first value to a parameter of a first filter, the parameter defining an attribute of a motion or pose to be made by a user for it to be recognized that the user has performed the gesture of the first filter; assigning the first value to the parameter; assigning a second value to a second parameter of a second filter, the second value determined using the first value, the second value being determined using the first value based on a proportional relationship, an inversely proportional relationship, a linear relationship, an exponential relationship, or a function that takes the first value as an input; and processing data indicative of the user's motion or pose with the first filter and the parameter to determine an output indicative of whether the user's motion or pose invokes the gesture of the first filter.

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1. A computer-readable storage device having computer-executable components executable by a processing device to perform a method, the processing device accessing a local memory, comprising: (a) receiving a web-page including elements defined to access a plurality of resources in a JavaScript framework provided to the processing device in local memory, the resources including methods interpreted by a browser to create resource objects; (b) parsing the web-page to define instances of objects based on bindings to the resources defined by elements in the web-page; (c) downloading a base set of resources in a core framework library of the JavaScript framework to the local memory; (d) determining if additional resources not included in the local memory are needed based on the bindings declared in the web-page and if so, downloading the additional resources to a resource cache in local memory; (e) managing instances of the objects by maintaining a global list of binding declarations maintained by the JavaScript framework; and (f) displaying the web-page in the browser using one or more of the objects.

5. The computer readable storage device of claim 1 wherein the objects may be inherited.

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9. The method of claim 1 , the instructions further configured to, for respective messages: identify at least one reference to an associated message, and import the at least one associated message into the message.

1. A method of presenting summaries of stories respectively associated with at least one message on a computer having a processor, the method comprising: executing on the processor instructions configured to: for respective messages, identify at least one entity involved in the message; cluster the messages according to the at least one entity identified in the respective messages to identify, for a story, a message cluster comprising at least two messages that individually present the story; using the messages of the message cluster, identify at least one expression that frequently appears in the messages of the message cluster; identify at least two opinions about the story that are respectively expressed by at least one message of the message cluster; from the at least one expression of the messages, extract at least one fact of the story; and responsive to receiving from a user a request to present messages about the story: identify a perspective of the user; using the at least one fact of the story described in messages expressing an opinion about the story that matches the perspective of the user, generate a summary of the story; and present the summary to the user.

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8. A method as in claim 6 , wherein the pre-defined density condition is experimentally determined using a plurality of historical documents.

6. A method as in claim 1 , wherein the portions of the documents likely associated with the at least one topic of interest are identified by: for every line in file, if a pre-defined density related condition is met, (i) growing an existing text island if an immediately prior line is part of the existing text island, and (ii) creating a new text island if the immediately prior line is not part of an existing text island, and if a pre-defined density condition is not met, skipping the line.

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4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured for filtering the reference code fingerprints prior to comparing the one or more query code fingerprints to the reference code fingerprints such that only selected reference code fingerprints are compared to the one or more query code fingerprints.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the filtering comprises identifying potentially relevant reference code fingerprints on the basis of n-gram comparison of the reference code fingerprints to the one or more query code fingerprints to identify the selected reference code fingerprints.

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10. A computer program product on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium for editing a fragmented document, comprising computer readable program code instructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer to: receive a user command selecting a whole or part of a discrete document of the fragmented document, where the fragmented document comprises a plurality of discrete documents connected by a plurality of links, each link being located within content of one discrete document and connecting to another different discrete document, where the plurality of links allow computer navigation back and forth between discrete documents of the plurality of discrete documents during computer editing operations on the plurality of discrete documents; receive an edit command to edit the selected whole or part of the discrete document; access, using the plurality of links that connect the plurality of discrete documents in response to receiving the edit command, each other discrete document connected to the selected whole or part of the discrete document; and edit the accessed other discrete documents according to the edit command.

13. The computer program product according to claim 10 , where the computer readable program code instructions when executed by the computer further cause the computer to editing the selected whole or part of the discrete document according to the edit command.

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35. The energy harvesting communication device of claim 1 , wherein said cell platform further comprises a communication network comprising means for scavenging energy to power at least one of electronic devices, wearable electronics, mobile electronic devices, wireless electronic devices, automotive vehicles, electrical power stations, grids associated with at least a city, grid associated with at least a state, grid associated with at least a county, grid associated with at least a remote community, energy storage medium, communication network devices, a chip comprising nano-tubes In association with photonic crystals for converting thermal energy Into electrical energy.

1. An energy harvesting communication device configured with means for boosting signal reception, the communication device comprising: a. at least a cell platform; b. at least a charging circuit apparatus; c. at least a control apparatus; d. at least a communication apparatus communicatively coupled to said charging circuit apparatus and in association with the control apparatus; and e. said cell platform further disposed with sensors embedded in silicon substrate to provide at least one of a communication medium, a detection platform, a communication clarity, a detection selectivity, and a detection sensitivity.

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14. The system as claimed in claim 13 , wherein said OI is a value governed according to: OI=( F*B )/ T where F is the occurrence frequency of the term for a fixed time interval, B is a user input real number greater than zero (0) and having a default value of one (1), and T is a time elapsed since the last occurrence of the term.

13. The system as claimed in claim 11 , wherein said weighting factor associated with one or more terms in an EP matrix comprises an Occurrence Index (OI) representative of that term's relative importance, said OI index of each entry in the dictionary being used to calculate the weight of each event in the EP matrix.

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5. The method of claim 4 , wherein determining the suggested value of the second term or phrase is based on an analysis, by the one or more computing devices implementing NL processing techniques, of the first term or phrase.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein determining the suggested value of the second term or phrase is based on at least one of: a context of the obtained first term or phrase determined by the one or more computing devices implementing NL processing techniques, a previously received first term or phrase, a previously received second term or phrase, a particular stored NL macro, a user preference, a user activity, or data correspondence to a user of the natural language query answering system.

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22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the item of interest to the user of the electronic device comprises an event or a retail establishment.

21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the at least a portion of the contextual information generated from the voice command comprises an item of interest to a user of the electronic device.

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14. The method of claim 1 , wherein a length of each of the unique words is selected based at least in part on an expected channel characteristic, the expected channel characteristic comprising at least one of optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR), phase noise, or target channel rate.

1. A method comprising: receiving a plurality of optical signals on a plurality of optical channels from an optical fiber communication system; digitizing the received plurality of optical signals to obtain a plurality of data streams corresponding to the plurality of optical signals; identifying unique words in each of the plurality of data streams; determining one or more characteristics of the plurality of data streams based at least in part on the unique words, wherein the one or more characteristics includes at least one of particular received optical channels corresponding to the plurality of data streams or a timing offset between one or more of the plurality of data streams; and demodulating and decoding the plurality of data streams into data transport frames using the one or more characteristics of the plurality of data streams determined using the identified unique words.

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22. The method of claim 19 , further comprising searching for electronic content in the content repository using metatags and keywords.

19. A method for using a system to provide portals accessible through web browsers, wherein the system is configured to allow privileged users to set up and configure the portals through which visitors access content, the method comprising: populating electronic content in a content repository, wherein populating includes: using at least one browser-accessible interface for the privileged users to access at least one programming wizard and template to populate electronic content; and using at least one browser-accessible interface for the privileged users to access at least one programming wizard to associate the electronic content with metadata and with potential audience types; creating customizable communication portals without software code development, wherein creating for each portal includes using at least one browser accessible interface for the privileged users to access at least one programming wizard and using at least one template to: select an audience type for the portal from a list of potential audience types provided by the at least one wizard; search through the electronic content using metadata; select electronic content, from a list of electronic content provided by the at least one wizard, for publication to the selected audience; and add selected visitors to the portal who are authorized to view content through the portal; publishing, using at least one browser accessible interface for the privileged users, selected electronic content from the content repository to selected portals, wherein publishing selected electronic content includes dynamically delivering the selected electronic content; and analyzing the electronic content use and portal use in real-time or near real-time, wherein analyzing includes providing a browser accessible interface usable by the privileged users to analyze use of the published electronic content and visitor behavior.

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4. The method of claim 1 , comprising: adding node identifiers to nodes of the topic tree.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the adding of node identifiers to nodes of the topic tree is performed before the retrieving of the content in the topic tree for matching topics.

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10. A computer program product for providing the result of a task list query to a human task database, the computer program product comprising: a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program code embodied therewith, the computer readable program code configured to: cache data from the database in a plurality of materialized views, each materialized view including data resulting from a query based on a request for a list of tasks from the database; receive a new request for a list of tasks from the database, and create a new query after determining that the new request applies to the data in a particular one of the materialized views, wherein the particular materialized view includes a foreground table and a background table, each storing data from the query, the data stored in the foreground table being updated more recently than the data stored in the background table; after receiving the new request and before executing the new query, determine whether the particular materialized view includes data that requires updating from more recent data in the database; in response to determining that updating is required, update the particular materialized view with more recent data from the database; and execute the new query against the data in the foreground table of the particular materialized view instead of executing the new query against the data stored in tables of the database wherein the computer readable program code configured to determine whether the particular materialized view includes data that requires updating, includes computer readable program code configured to: determine whether data in the foreground table requires updating and whether data in the background table requires updating; and check a characteristic of the data in the particular materialized view and comparing the characteristic to a predetermined parameter, wherein in response to only the background table requiring updating, the executing of the new query against the data in the foreground table is begun immediately after determining that only the background table requires updating, wherein the update of the particular materialized view is a non-blocking update to the data in the background table, such that the non-blocking update does not delay the execution of the new query, and after the non-blocking update is complete, the computer readable program code is further configured to switch the tables such that the background table becomes the foreground table and the foreground table becomes the background table, wherein in response to both the foreground table and the background table requiring updating, the updating of the particular materialized view is a block update to the data in the background table, such that the executing of the query is delayed, wherein after the blocking update is complete, the computer readable program code is further configured to switch the tables such that the background table becomes the foreground table and the foreground table becomes the background table, wherein the executing of the new query on the data in the particular materialized view is begun after the update and switch are complete.

11. The computer program product of claim 10 wherein the checked characteristic of the data in the particular materialized view is an age of the data and the predetermined parameter is a predetermined maximum age parameter, and wherein the determination of whether the particular materialized view needs updating includes comparing the age of the data in the particular materialized view with the maximum age parameter, wherein the data is determined to need updating when the age of the data is greater than the maximum age parameter.

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1. A speech recognition method, adapted to an electronic apparatus, comprising: obtaining a phonetic transcription sequence of a speech signal according to an acoustic model; obtaining a plurality of possible syllable sequences and a plurality of corresponding phonetic spelling matching probabilities according to the phonetic transcription sequence and a syllable acoustic lexicon; obtaining an intonation information corresponding to each of the syllable sequences according to a tone of the phonetic transcription sequence; obtaining a plurality of phonetic spelling sequences and a plurality of phonetic spelling sequence probabilities, from the language model, according to each phonetic spelling of phonetic spelling sequences and the intonation information; obtaining, from the language model, a plurality of text sequences corresponding to the phonetic transcription sequence, and a plurality of spelling sequence probabilities; generating a plurality of associated probabilities by multiplying each of the phonetic spelling matching probabilities and each of the spelling sequence probabilities; and selecting the text sequence corresponding to a largest one among the associated probabilities to be used as a recognition result of the speech signal, wherein different intonation information in the language model is divided into different semantemes, and the semantemes are corresponding to different phonetic spelling sequences.

6. The speech recognition method of claim 1 , wherein the step of selecting the text sequence corresponding to the largest one among the associated probabilities to be used as the recognition result of the speech signal comprises: selecting the text sequence corresponding to the largest one among the associated probabilities including the phonetic spelling matching probabilities and the probability of the text sequences appeared in the language model, to be used as the recognition result of the speech signal.

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33. The computer-readable volatile or non-volatile medium of claim 32 , wherein: the first set of formulas includes a first formula and the rewritten set of formulas does not include the first formula; and the instructions that cause performance of the step of rewriting include instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause pruning said first formula from said first set of formulas.

35. The computer-readable volatile or non-volatile medium of claim 33 , wherein: each formula of said first set of formulas: evaluates one or more cells in said array, and modifies as one or more cells in said array a measure column in said relation; the instructions that cause performance of the step of rewriting are performed based on a set of conditions for a given formula of said first set of formulas that include a first condition, a second condition, and a third condition, wherein: (1) the first condition is that one or more cells modified by the given formula of said first set of formulas are not evaluated by any other formula of said first set of formulas, (2) the second condition is that the one or more cells modified by the given formula are filtered out by said one or more predicates, and (3) the third condition is that the measure column is not referenced by said first query; the instructions that cause performance of the step of rewriting include instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause performance of the steps of: (A) establishing a first subset of said first set of formulas that meet the first condition; (B) for each formula of said first subset, pruning said each formula from said first set of formulas if said each formula meets either the second condition or the third condition; (C) after performing step (B), establishing a second subset of the remaining formulas in said first set of formulas that meet the first condition.

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7. The method of claim 2 , further comprising modifying the aggregate score by combining it with a previously determined aggregate score.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the combination of the aggregate score and the previously determined aggregate score is accomplished by a linear combination of the aggregate score and the previously determined aggregate score.

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14. A system comprising: one or more computing devices operable to perform operations comprising: receiving a search query, the search query including one or more terms that include a name corresponding to one or more individuals; identifying a plurality of search results responsive to the query, wherein the plurality of search results includes a first search result, the first search result corresponding to a cluster of social media resources associated with a particular individual of the one or more individuals, and wherein each resource in the cluster of resources is associated with a corresponding cluster identifier that identifies the cluster of resources; providing for presentation the first search result and one or more other search results of the plurality of search results; receiving user feedback for the first search result that identifies the cluster of resources associated with the particular individual, wherein the feedback provides an indication of the accuracy of the cluster of resources; and processing the received feedback to determine whether to modify the cluster of resources associated with the particular individual, where the processing includes assigning a weight to the user feedback, where the weight of the user feedback is determined based at least on one or more factors associated with the user, and where the one or more factors include a level of a social connection between the user and the one or more individuals.

17. The system of claim 14 , where receiving user feedback includes confirming the identity of the individual associated with the cluster of resources.

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1. A computer-implemented process, comprising: identifying, by a computer server system, a base topic of a personalized media stream; identifying, with the computer server system, a first media item associated with the base topic based on first data from a first source, wherein the first data is assigned a first weighting of the first source, and wherein the first weighting of the first source is based on a first plurality of factors, wherein the first plurality of factors comprises an identified level of familiarity associated with the base topic and an identified level of popularity in another personalized media stream; identifying, with the computer server system, a second media item associated with the base topic based on second data from a second source, wherein the second data is assigned a second weighting of the second source, and wherein the second weighting of the second source is based on a second plurality of factors; building a collection of candidate media items that includes the first and second media items; ordering the collection of candidate media items to form the personalized media stream, wherein ordering the collection includes ordering the first media item within the collection based on the first weighting and ordering the second media item within the collection based on the second weighting; and communicating the personalized media stream to a client device for playback.

5. The process of claim 1 , further comprising identifying that the collection of candidate media items is deficient and applying a media selection override to identify a second plurality of candidate media items.

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9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the order data includes data reflective of book orders placed by users.

1. A computer-implemented method of matching users to other users, the method comprising: storing, in computer storage, event data comprising order data reflective of items ordered from an electronic catalog by each of a plurality of users; programmatically generating a score that reflects a degree to which item preferences of a first user of said plurality of users are similar to item preferences of a second user of said plurality of users, said score taking into consideration a first plurality of items ordered by the first user and a second plurality of items ordered by the second user, wherein generating the score comprises weighting a first item and a second item identified in both the first and second plurality of items, wherein the first and second items are different, wherein the first and second items are weighted differently based at least in part on a first inherent characteristic of the first item and a second inherent characteristic of the second item, wherein the first and second inherent characteristics are different, and wherein generating the score further comprises taking into consideration at least one additional type of event data reflective of user affinities for items represented in the electronic catalog; and based at least in part on the score, programmatically determining whether to recommend the second user to the first user.

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1. A method for compressing a grammar, the method comprising: receiving a grammar by using a computer, the grammar comprising a set of rules, each rule comprising a set of token classes, wherein a token class is a logical grouping of tokens, and a token is a string of one or more characters; parsing the grammar to identify the set of rules within the grammar and the set of token classes within each rule; identifying, from the set of token classes within each rule, a set of unimportant token classes separate from a set of important token classes, where the set of unimportant token classes are eligible for compression; analyzing the set of unimportant token classes to identify duplicates within the set of unimportant token classes; merging the set of unimportant token classes to generate a merged token class by removing duplicates within the set of unimportant token classes; and substituting the merged token class in the grammar for the set of unimportant token classes to generate a compressed grammar, wherein substituting the merged token class in the grammar for the set of unimportant token classes that were merged to generate the merged token class comprises substituting the merged token class for all instances within the grammar of the set of unimportant token classes that were merged to generate the merged token class.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the grammar comprises at least one of: a manually-generated grammar; and an automatically-generated grammar.

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10. The system of claim 9 , the acquisition component configured to combine the pinned terms, including terms temporarily replaced by the placeholder, with the third set of phrases prior to a presentation of the third set of phrases, the substitution component configured to replace the placeholder with the pinned terms that were temporarily replaced with the placeholder when the pinned terms are combined with the third set of phrases.

9. The system of claim 8 , the acquisition component configured to obtain a third set of phrases as a function of one or more pinned terms not replaced by the placeholder.

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1. A computer-implemented method for determining an impact on a simulation model in a modeling environment comprising a plurality of simulation models, said method including: acquiring, by a computer, performance data relating to said plurality of simulation models within a timeframe parameter and a presentation parameter, wherein said performance data includes dependency data and a simulation model score, wherein said plurality of simulation models simulate at least one of outcomes, effectiveness, penetration, utilization, or distribution of marketing strategies based upon at least one of historic, current or probability data of said marketing strategies; analyzing, by said computer, said dependency data relating to said simulation model, having a model identifier; determining, by said computer, individual variables within a first subset of said plurality of simulation models impacted by said dependency data, wherein said dependency data includes bidirectional pointers in a tree of said plurality of simulation models, said plurality of simulation models represented by nodes on said tree, and said dependency data provides interdependencies among said plurality of simulation models, wherein said variables are across said plurality of simulation models, wherein said dependency data depends upon and includes records having an identifier that is based upon said model identifier and that depend at least one of directly or indirectly from said simulation model, and wherein said dependency data relates to a transfer of information exchanged between said simulation model and at least one of said first subset of said plurality of simulation models or a second subset of said plurality of simulation models, wherein said information includes accuracy of said information, an amount of said information, a transfer rate of said information, and a processing rate of said information; analyzing, by said computer, said dependency data relating to said first subset of said plurality of simulation models; determining, by said computer, individual of said variables within said second subset of said plurality of simulation models impacted by said dependency data, wherein said second subset of said plurality of simulation models is dependent upon said first subset of said plurality of simulation models; determining, by said computer, an impact on said first subset of said plurality of simulation models, and said second subset of said plurality of simulation models in response to said analysis of said dependency data; modifying, by said computer, said simulation model score based on said dependency data to create a modified simulation model score; and at least one of: modifying said simulation model or decommissioning said simulation model based on said modified simulation model score.

15. The method of claim 1 , further including: classifying said plurality of simulation models associated with said performance data according to usage data to create model types, wherein said usage data includes usage data for a plurality of variables corresponding to each of said plurality of simulation models; and, determining usage statistics for each of said plurality of simulation models.

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28. The system of claim 23 , wherein selecting the one or more candidate utterances includes selecting utterances from the database that have lexical stress patterns that substantially match lexical stress patterns of the received text.

23. A computer-implemented system comprising: one or more computers having: an interface to receive text to be synthesized as a spoken utterance; a text analyzer to analyze the received text to determine attributes of the received text; a candidate identifier to select one or more candidate utterances from a database of stored utterances based on a comparison between the determined attributes of the received text and corresponding attributes of text representing the stored utterances; means for determining a distance between a prosodic contour of a candidate utterance and a hypothetical prosodic contour of the spoken utterance to be synthesized, the determination based on a model that relates a) distances between prosodic contours of pairs of the stored utterances to b) distances between attributes of text of each of the respective pairs and for selecting a final candidate utterance having a prosodic contour with a closest distance to the hypothetical prosodic contour, wherein prosodic contours represent prosodic characteristics of speech at different times; and a prosodic contour aligner to generate a prosodic contour for the text to be synthesized based on the prosodic contour of the final candidate utterance; wherein the system further comprises a memory for storing data for access by the means for determining the distance, the memory comprising information embodying the model used by the means for determining the distance, the information including, for each of the stored utterances: a prosodic contour of the respective stored utterance, one or more attributes of text of the respective stored utterance, and first data relating a difference between the prosodic contour of the respective stored utterance to the prosodic contour of a second stored utterance to a difference between a first attribute of the text of the respective stored utterance and the first attribute of the text of the second stored utterance, and second data relating a difference between the prosodic contour of the respective stored utterance to the prosodic contour of a third stored utterance to a difference between the first attribute of the text of the respective stored utterance and the first attribute of the text of the third stored utterance, wherein the second stored utterance and the third stored utterance are in the stored utterances.

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13. A method of interpreting menu items, comprising: receiving a list of menu items and menu ingredients associated with the menu items; comparing the list of menu ingredients with a stored list of ingredients on a mobile device; for a match between at least one of the menu ingredients and at least one of the stored list of ingredients, excluding a menu item containing the matched menu ingredient from a filtered list of menu items; and when a count of the reduced set of food items is greater than or equal to a stored threshold number of menu items, displaying, the filtered list of menu items on the mobile device; and otherwise, when the count of the reduced set of food items is less than the threshold number of menu items, directing a user to a different restaurant.

15. The method of claim 13 , further including receiving coupons associated with one or more items on the filtered list of menu items.

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2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first level vector space is in a top level of the tree class structure.

1. A computer-implemented method for text classification comprising: segmenting content of a text into multiple words; determining a sum of a plurality of word vectors of an individual word of the multiple words at a first level vector space of a vector space group that includes a plurality of vector spaces, at least one of the plurality of vector spaces comprising one or more direct child classes that are non-leaf child classes in a tree class structure, the first level vector space having a plurality of classes, an individual word vector of the plurality word vectors including word frequency vectors of a corresponding word of the multiple words at multiple classes of the vector space; and classifying the text into a class of the plurality of classes that has a shortest distance to the sum of the plurality of word vectors of the word vectors.

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8. The computer-readable medium of claim 1 , wherein the eliminating includes eliminating the comparison when the cluster center entry lacks at least one user feature vector and at least one URL user feature vector in common with the search query.

1. A computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform acts comprising: receiving a subgraph of a multi-partite graph, wherein the received subgraph encompasses search queries; receiving a global center vector table that includes cluster center entries for query clusters; filtering the received global center vector table to eliminate one or more cluster center entries that are irrelevant to the search queries in the received subgraph; and clustering the search queries in the received subgraph into the query clusters by at least comparing each of the search queries to at least some of the cluster center entries in the received global center vector table, wherein the clustering includes eliminating a comparison between a cluster center entry in the received global center vector table and a search query of the search queries by using a user-centered table that lists related cluster centers for each user enumerated in the received global center vector table and a URL-centered table that lists related cluster centers for each URL enumerated in the received global center vector table.

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14. The method according to claim 10 , wherein at least one of a non-linguistic implicit input is employed as a cue to determine at least one of a context, and a target software construct for analyzing said input; and at least one of a temporal analysis, natural language analysis, and syntactic analysis are used to determine a context of the speech input.

10. A speech processing method, comprising: analyzing a set of contexts to determine available commands; formulating command structures corresponding to the determined available commands; statistically modeling at least portions of the command structures; receiving a natural language speech input representing at least one command; processing the speech input with respect to the statistically modeled portions of the command structures; determining, with respect to the statistically modeled portions of the command structures, if the speech input likely represents a command; if the speech input likely represents at least one command, determining a completeness and an ambiguity of the likely at least one command; if the likely at least one command is too ambiguous or incomplete for execution, prompting the speaker for further input to decrease an ambiguity or increase the completeness; if the likely at least one command is sufficiently unambiguous and complete for execution, executing the command, wherein the command is targeted to one of a plurality of respective applications, while preserving a respective prior system state, wherein at least one of: after command execution, and in dependence on a result thereof, a system state is selectively restored or processing assumed by another application without restoring the prior system state; and a command restores one of a previously preserved system state.

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41. The method of claim 40 , wherein the sub-portion of the document's text is chosen from said plurality of recorded changes in page break positions.

49. The method of claim 41 , further including a display of a plurality of said changes in page break positions required to achieve the desired result or a maximum number of said recursions.

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6. The method for sorting a defined set of comments of claim 1 , further comprising, using the raw comment score to calculate an average raw comment score; wherein the average raw comment score is the raw comment score divided by a total number of words in each comment; using the average raw comment score to calculate a normalized average raw comment score; wherein the normalized average raw comment score is the average raw comment score, divided by a base average comment number, times one hundred sorting the defined set of comments by the normalized average raw comment score.

1. A method for sorting a defined set of comments, comprising receiving the defined set of comments on a website; calculating a normalized word score; wherein the normalized word score is a raw word score divided by a base number times one hundred; wherein the raw word score is occurrences of a particular word in the defined set of comments; and wherein the base number is a largest raw word score in the defined set of comments; using the normalized word score to calculate a unique word score; using the unique word score to calculate a raw comment score; using the raw comment score to calculate a normalized comment score; and sorting, via a system, the defined set of comments by the normalized comment score.

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11. The method of claim 1 wherein: the information of the first type corresponds to video information; and the first representation of the information of the first type comprises one or more video keyframes extracted from the video information.

1. A method of displaying multimedia information stored in a multimedia document on a display, the method comprising: displaying a graphical user interface (GUI) on the display; displaying, in a first area of the GUI, a first visual representation of the multimedia information stored in the multimedia document, the first visual representation including a first representation of information of a first type stored in the multimedia document and a first representation of information of a second type stored in the multimedia document; displaying, in the first area of the GUI, a first lens positionable over a plurality of portions of the first visual representation displayed within the first area of the GUI, the first lens covering a first portion of the first visual representation within the first area; displaying, in a second area of the GUI, a second visual representation of the multimedia information stored in the multimedia document based on the first lens covering the first portion of the first visual representation within the first area, the second visual representation including a second representation of the information of the first type stored in the multimedia document and a second representation of the information of the second type stored in the multimedia document; displaying, in the second area of the GUI, a second lens positionable over a plurality of portions of the second visual representation displayed within the second area of the GUI, the second lens covering a first portion of the second visual representation within the second area; and displaying, in a third area of the GUI, a third visual representation of the multimedia information stored in the multimedia document based on the second lens covering the first portion of the second visual representation within the second area, the third visual representation including a third representation of the information of the first type and a third representation of the information of the second type, wherein displaying the first visual representation of the multimedia information stored in the multimedia document in the first area of the GUI comprises: displaying a first thumbnail image in the first area of the GUI, the first thumbnail image comprising the first representation of the information of the first type; and displaying a second thumbnail image in the first area of the GUI, the second thumbnail image comprising the first representation of the information of the second type, wherein displaying the second visual representation of the multimedia information stored in the multimedia document in the second area of the GUI comprises: displaying, in a first sub-area of the second area of the GUI, the portion of the first representation of the information of the first type covered by the first lens as the second representation of the information of the first type; and displaying, in a second sub-area of the second area of the GUI, the portion of the first representation of the information of the second type covered by the first lens as the second representation of the information of the second type, wherein displaying the third visual representation of the multimedia information stored in the multimedia document in the third area of the GUI comprises: displaying, in a first sub-area of the third area of the GUI, the portion of the second representation of the information of the first type covered by the second lens as the third representation of the information of the first type; and displaying, in a second sub-area of the third area of the GUI, the portion of the second representation of the information of the second type covered by the second lens as the third representation of the information of the first type.

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11. The program product of claim 8 wherein the characteristics of the plurality of networks comprise network topology.

8. A program product comprising software residing on non-transitory computer-readable media, the software comprising: a network monitor that monitors characteristics of a plurality of networks and generates a log of the characteristics of the plurality of networks; a query optimizer that takes network choice into consideration when executing a database query to a plurality of nodes in a distributed database that retrieves first data on a first of the plurality of nodes in the distributed database and second data on a second of the plurality of nodes in the distributed database, the plurality of nodes coupled to each other via the plurality of networks, each of the plurality of networks comprising a communication path between at least two of the plurality of nodes in the distributed database, the plurality of networks comprising first and second networks that provide alternative network connections to the first node, the query optimizer considering characteristics of the plurality of networks between the at least two nodes in selecting at least one of the plurality of networks for executing the query, wherein the query optimizer logs historical information for queries that indicates past network selection when executing each of the queries and selects one of the first and second networks for executing the query based on the historical information that includes which of the first and second networks were used during at least one previous execution of the query and based on information in the log of the characteristics of the plurality of networks that indicates characteristics of the first and second networks.

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4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one of the first data source and the second data source includes at least one of a text file, a web service, an extensible markup language (XML) file, and an excel file.

1. A computer-implemented method executed by at least one processor, the method comprising: receiving, by a computer system, a request to execute a shared query, wherein the shared query comprises one of a plurality of pre-defined shared queries, and the shared query comprises a pre-defined query specification associated with the shared query, the query specification comprising pre-defined connections to a first and a second data sources associated with the shared query, the query specification specifying the shared query on a semantic layer and including search terms, parameters, filters, and aspects of the shared query to be used at runtime upon execution of the shared query, where each pre-defined shared query of the plurality of pre-defined shared queries is associated with a corresponding set of access rights, and wherein the request to execute the shared query represents a specific request to execute a particular shared query from the plurality of pre-defined shared queries from a particular application or user; in response to receiving the request, determining whether the particular application or user is allowed to access the shared query based on the set of access rights associated with the shared query; allowing execution of the shared query upon a determination that the particular application or user is allowed to access the shared query, wherein allowing execution of the share query includes: identifying the pre-defined query specification associated with the shared query; in response to the identifying the pre-defined query specification, identifying the first data source and the second data source based on the identified query specification; generating a native query for each respective data source of the identified first and second data sources based on the identified query specification; executing the generated native queries at the respective data sources to collect a set of query results from the respective data sources; and formatting the set of query results from the respective data sources into a unified set of query results; and rejecting the execution request upon a determination that the particular application or user is not allowed to access the shared query.

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19. The computer program product of claim 17 , wherein the script is updated when the operation of the mobile device switches from the offline mode back to the online mode.

17. A computer program product, comprising a non-transitory computer-readable medium having a computer-readable program code embodied therein to be executed by one or more processors, the program code comprising instructions to: receive, by a social networking application operating on a mobile device in an offline mode, an input from a user of the mobile device, the input comprising a sequence of characters; execute, by the social networking application, a script received by the mobile device when the mobile device was operated in an online mode, the script being configured to: i) analyze each character in the sequence of characters of the user input as each character is received by the mobile device, and ii) generate a prioritized list of social network contact identifiers, the prioritized list being a prediction of social network contact identifiers associated with the content of the user input and data associated with the script; cause, by the social networking application, the prioritized list of social network contact identifiers to be provided to the user of the mobile device in response to the user input.

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4. The system of claim 3 wherein said set of computer executable instructions is further configured to: a) identify a set of actions; b) perform an evaluation of the desirability of an action in said set of actions; wherein said set of computer executable instructions is further configured to make said at least one recommendation based at least in part on said evaluation of the desirability of the action in said set of actions.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein said set of computer executable instructions is further configured to make at least one recommendation regarding processing said customer interaction.

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17. The medium of claim 14 , wherein determining the affinity score comprises normalizing the affinity score based on a number of users in the populations forming the intersecting population.

14. The medium of claim 13 , wherein determining one of the affinity scores comprises calculating a weighted sum over the users in the intersecting population.

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1. A method programmed in a non-transitory memory of a device comprising: a. monitoring target information provided by an entity; b. processing the target information provided by the entity including parsing the target information into processed information, wherein processing the target information occurs while the target information is monitored; c. analyzing, with the device, the processed information including: i. detecting one or more keywords in the processed information using keyword detection; ii. analyzing sentence structure of the processed information; and iii. detecting the entity using entity detection; and d. providing an alert of questionable information in real-time based on analyzing the processed information, wherein the alert of the questionable information indicates that the processed information is doubtful regarding accuracy, wherein the entity has a validity rating, and if the validity rating of the entity is below a threshold, and a specified keyword is detected, the alert of questionable information is provided, wherein the validity rating is based on previous fact checking of comments made by the entity by comparing the comments with source information to generate a fact checking result, wherein comparing includes at least one of: i. searching for an exact match of the comments in the source information and returning the exact match search result of the exact match search if the exact match is found; ii. utilizing pattern matching for fact checking and returning the result of the pattern matching fact check if a pattern matching result confidence score is above a pattern matching result confidence threshold; and iii. utilizing a natural language search for fact checking and returning the result of the natural language fact check if a natural language result confidence score is above a natural language result confidence threshold.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the keyword detection includes comparing the processed information with a keyword database to determine if any keywords in the keyword database are included in the processed information.

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14. The computer storage medium of claim 11 , wherein the first kind of match is a phrase match.

15. The computer storage medium of claim 14 , wherein the second kind of match is a broad match or expanded match.

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4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the more skewed the first-click probability values are toward one of the items listed in the search results, the higher the specificity score and the more likely the search query is submitted by users with the intention of specific searching.

1. A computer-implemented method of assessing specificity of a search query, the method comprising: under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions, obtaining clickstream data associated with the search query, the clickstream data comprising: indications of items listed in search results presented to users in response to the users submitting the search query in a search engine; for each of the items, an indication of a number of times the item was listed in the search results and an indication of a number of first-clicks the item received, wherein a first-click occurs when a user clicks, previews, hovers, or otherwise interacts with an item first in time before the other items listed in the search results; for each of the items, determining a first-click probability value by dividing the number of times the users first-clicked the item by a total number of first-clicks received across all of the items listed in the search results; and determining a specificity score for the search query based at least in part on the first-click probability values of the items listed in the search results, wherein the specificity score for the search query indicates a uniformity of a distribution of first-clicks across the items presented in the search results, and wherein the distribution is indicative of how the first-clicks are spread across the items presented in the search results, wherein the more evenly distributed the distribution of first-clicks, the lower the specificity score and the more likely the search query is submitted by users with the intention of general searching, and wherein the more skewed the distribution of first-clicks, the higher the specificity score and the more likely the search query is submitted by users with the intention of specific searching.

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5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the evaluating is based on heuristic optimization algorithms including at least one of greedy, randomized, and AI-based algorithms.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the structure dictionary is modifiable and the methods of modifying the structure dictionary include at least one of: automatically detecting structures occurring in data, automatically adding detected structures to the structure dictionary or recommending said detected structures to a user of the system via an interface, wherein the user determined whether to add the detected structures to the structure dictionary; evaluating a plurality of candidate structures based on a group of criteria including at least one of minimizing the number of structures, minimizing the amounts of values not matching any of the structures, minimizing the cost of creating the structure granules corresponding to the structures, and maximizing the estimated efficiency of using the structure granules while resolving queries, wherein the structure granules are accessible independently from sub-collections of values matching the structures, and wherein the structure granules are applied to minimize the amount of accesses to the sub-collections of values matching the corresponding structures while resolving queries; and providing an interface to a user of the system, the interface reporting the amounts of values matched by particular structures, the cost of creating the structure granules corresponding to the structures, and the estimated efficiency of using the structure granules while resolving queries, wherein the structure granules are accessible independently from sub-collections of values matching the structures, wherein the structure granules are applied to minimize the amount of accesses to the sub-collections of values matching the corresponding structures while resolving queries, and wherein the user is able to remove the structures from the structure dictionary and add the structures to the structure dictionary.

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30. In an automatic speech processing system, a method for grading the pronunciation of a student speech sample, the method comprising: accepting said student speech sample which comprises a sequence of words spoken by a student speaker; operating a set of trained speech models to compute at least one posterior probability from said speech sample, each of said posterior probabilities being a probability that a particular portion of said student speech sample corresponds to a particular known model given said particular portion of said speech sample; and computing an evaluation score, herein referred to as the posterior-based evaluation score, of pronunciation quality for said student speech sample from said posterior probabilities wherein: said trained speech models comprise a set of phone models; said student speech sample comprises phones; and the step of operating said speech models comprises computing a frame-based posterior probability for each frame yt within a phone i of a phone type qi: ##EQU14## wherein: p(yt.vertline.qi, . . . ) is the probability of the frame yt according to a model corresponding to phone type qi; the sum over q runs over all phone types; and P(qi) represents the prior probability of the phone type qi.

32. The method according to claim 30 wherein the step of computing said posterior-based evaluation score for said student speech sample comprises computing for a phone i an average of the logarithm of the frame-based posterior probabilities of all frames within said phone i, said average herein referred to as a phone score .rho..sub.i, which is expressible as: ##EQU15## wherein the sum runs over all d.sub.i frames of said phone i.

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15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the client-generated update request includes a client request to save the client edits as a new version of the electronic document.

16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the client request to save the client edits as a new version of the electronic document is included in the update request in response to an analysis performed by a client memory conserving versioning analyzer, the client memory conserving versioning analyzer operative to: derive a value for each of the plurality of client memory conserving versioning factors; generate a versioning score based on the derived values; compare the versioning score against a versioning threshold score; and when the versioning score meets or exceeds the versioning threshold score, determine that a new version of the electronic document should be created.

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1. A method for generating a mobile device's user interface, the method comprising: receiving, via the mobile device, input from a user of the mobile device, the input being related to a selection of a notification area within a graphical user interface (GUI) for presenting dynamic context-dependent informational cues; determining one or more context-associated variables associated with an environment in which the mobile device is or has been located; determining a future context by identifying cumulative or time-weighted clusters of values of the one or more context-associated variables, the future context determined based on the one or more context-associated variables; identifying a subset of a set of informational cues, the subset being associated with the future context; and presenting, via the mobile device, the identified subset within the notification area to the user, and hiding other informational cues in the set of informational cues, wherein the identified subset is presented prior to occurrence of the future context, wherein the presentation accords with the received user input, wherein the set of informational cues represent programs executable on the mobile device, each of the set of informational cues comprising a graphical icon associated with a respective one of the programs, and wherein the future context is determined, and the subset of informational cues is identified and presented, prior to execution of any of the programs.

28. The method of claim 1 , wherein the identifying the subset of informational cues includes: selecting the subset of informational cues from the set of informational cues by determining that the subset is the highest probability subset from among the set of informational cues of corresponding to the future context, the probability determined based on the one or more context-associated variables.

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41. The system according to claim 29 , wherein the system component comprises a unit that: i) obtains a counting of occurrence of words encountered in the image of the text from the OCR process, and store the occurrence numbers, ii) selects at least one preceding word further away relative to the word under investigation which has a high number of occurrences over a first predefined threshold and which comprise a high number of characters in the word above a second threshold in combination with the word under investigation as the spelling alternative.

42. The system according to claim 41 , wherein the system component further comprises a unit that: selects at least one succeeding word further away relative to the word under investigation which has a high number of occurrences over a first predefined threshold and which comprise a high number of characters in the word above a second threshold in combination with the word under investigation as the spelling alternative.

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6. A method as claimed in claim 4 wherein: the number of said components in a character code defines a length number; said set defines standard sub-sets according to the length numbers of the standard characters, the members of a standard sub-set each having the same length number, each standard sub-set representing a different length number and each standard sub-set being ordered according to said complexity numbers of the standard characters in the standard sub-set; and, said portion of said set is specified according to the length and complexity numbers of the incoming character.

4. A method as claimed in claim 2 wherein each basic stroke element is assigned a unique element code and has a pre-determined reliablity for encoding purposes, each said character code is a string of code components each of which is an element code, each said character defines a complexity number according to the reliablity and number of each type of element code in said character code for said character, said complexity number representing the complexity of said character, said set is ordered according to the complexity numbers of said standard characters, and said portion of said set is specified according to the complexity number of the incoming character.

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1. A method comprising: determining a data generation attribute associated with an audible version of a story, wherein the data generation attribute indicates that the audible version of the story was generated either by recording a human verbal reading of a text based version of the story, or by a text-to-speech system operating on the text based version of the story; based on the data generation attribute, generating a playlist that includes a reference to the audible version of the story; and transmitting the playlist to a client device, wherein reception of the playlist causes the client device to: read the reference from the playlist, transmit, to a server associated with the reference, a request for the audible version of the story, receive, from the server, the audible version of the story, and audibly play out the audible version of the story.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the server generates the playlist.

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19. The system of claim 17 , wherein the first set comprises all possible forms for the headword W j .

17. A system, comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing instructions which when executed by the processor causes the system to perform a method for generating examples to serve as aid to translation between languages, the method comprising: creating an electronic dictionary example by: for at least one dictionary entry comprising a headword W j in a source language and at least one translation T j1 , T j2 , . . . T jn for the headword W j in a target language: generating a first set comprising possible forms for the headword W j in the source language and a second set comprising possible forms for each translation T j1 , T j2 , . . . T jn in the target language; searching a corpus of translations, where the corpus of translations is a preexisting corpus of translation sentence pairs, each translation sentence pair comprising a first sentence in the source language and a second sentence in the target language, where the first sentence is a translation of the second sentence, and the searching includes searching at least one first sentence in the source language included in the corpus of translations and searching at least one second sentence in the target language in the corpus of translations; identifying in the corpus of translations at least one translation sentence pair, from either the searching of the at least one first sentence in the source language or the searching of the at least one second sentence in the target language, that consists of the first sentence that incorporates the headword W j , or one of its generated forms, and the second sentence that incorporates the translation T jn or one of its generated forms; and providing the at least one translation sentence pair to a user.

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4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are further programmed to determine a third cost of computing a third incorrect detection hypothesis, wherein the third incorrect detection hypothesis corresponds to computing a detection score less than the first detection threshold for an audio sample in which data representing the keyword is present.

1. A system comprising: a computer-readable memory storing executable instructions; and one or more processors in communication with the computer-readable memory, wherein the one or more processors are programmed by the executable instructions to at least: obtain (1) a model for detecting a keyword in an audio sample and (2) a first detection threshold corresponding to the model, wherein a detection score greater than the first detection threshold indicates that the keyword is present in the audio sample, and wherein the detection score is computed using the audio sample and the model; determine a first cost of computing a first incorrect detection hypothesis, wherein the first incorrect detection hypothesis corresponds to a detection score greater than the first detection threshold for an audio sample in which the keyword is not present, and wherein the first cost represents a cost of computing the first incorrect detection hypothesis at least a predetermined time period after computation of all prior incorrect detection hypotheses occurring before the first incorrect detection hypothesis; determine a second cost of computing a second incorrect detection hypothesis, wherein the second cost represents a cost of computing the second incorrect detection hypothesis within the predetermined time period following the first incorrect detection hypothesis, and wherein the second cost is different than the first cost; determine a second detection threshold based at least partly on the first and second costs, wherein the second detection threshold is determined such that the first and second costs are minimized; transmit the second detection threshold to a client device; receive audio data from the client device, wherein the client device transmits the audio data based at least partly on a detection score, determined using the audio data, satisfying the second detection threshold; and performing automatic speech recognition using at least a portion of the audio data to determine that data representing the keyword is present in the audio data, wherein the keyword comprises a word likely indicating device-directed speech.

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1. A method of recognizing gesture operable at an apparatus, comprising: generating raw data of a gesture from one or more gesture capturing sensors; categorizing the raw data into a plurality of gesture elements, each gesture element corresponding to a predetermined movement identified from the raw data; determining a contextual dependency between the plurality of gesture elements, wherein the contextual dependency comprises probabilities of the plurality of gesture elements appearing next to each other in a temporal order or sequence; recategorizing the raw data into different gesture elements based on the contextual dependency between the plurality of gesture elements; and recognizing the gesture based on the determined gesture elements.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the raw data obtained from the gesture capturing sensors, has not been subjected to processing or manipulation related to gesture recognition.

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12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the basis of the basis of the first profile feature vectors and the second profile feature vectors is a degree of similarity between the first profile feature vectors and the second profile feature vectors.

11. The method according to claim 1 further comprising: generating, using the hardware processor, a second profile feature vector for each of the other users on the basis of the profiles associated with the other users excluding the portion of users; and wherein each of the other users is classified on the basis of the first profile feature vectors and the second profile feature vectors.

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19. The computer system of claim 14 , further comprising: twelfth program instructions to determine an age of each data that has been pulled into the particular context-based conformed dimensional data gravity well; and thirteenth program instructions to remove from the particular context-based conformed dimensional data gravity well any data object that is older than a predetermined age; and wherein the twelfth and thirteenth program instructions are stored on the non-transitory computer readable storage medium for execution by the processor via the computer readable memory.

14. A computer system comprising: a processor, a computer readable memory, and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium; first program instructions to receive a data stream of non-contextual data objects, wherein each of the non-contextual data objects ambiguously relates to multiple subject-matters; second program instructions to associate one of the non-contextual data objects with a context object to define a synthetic context-based object, wherein the context object provides a context that identifies a specific subject-matter, from the multiple subject-matters, of said one of the non-contextual data objects; third program instructions to receive a data stream of non-dimensional data objects; fourth program instructions to apply a dimension object to one of the non-dimensional data objects to define a conformed dimensional object; fifth program instructions to parse the conformed dimensional object into a dimensional n-tuple, wherein the dimensional n-tuple comprises a pointer to one of the non-dimensional data objects and a probability that one of the non-dimensional data objects is uncorrupted; sixth program instructions to parse the synthetic context-based object into a context-based n-tuple, wherein the context-based n-tuple comprises a pointer to one of the non-dimensional data objects and a probability that one of the non-dimensional data objects is uncorrupted; seventh program instructions to calculate a virtual mass of a parsed synthetic context-based object based on a probability that the non-contextual data object has been associated with a correct context object; eighth program instructions to calculate a virtual mass of a parsed conformed dimensional object based on a probability that one of the non-dimensional data objects has come from a data source whose data has been predetermined to be appropriate for storage in a particular dimensional data gravity well; ninth program instructions to create multiple context-based conformed dimensional data gravity well frameworks on a context-based conformed dimensional data gravity wells membrane, wherein each of the multiple context-based conformed dimensional data gravity well frameworks comprises at least one non-contextual data object, at least one context object, and at least one dimension object, and wherein the context-based conformed dimensional data gravity wells membrane is a virtual mathematical membrane that is capable of supporting multiple context-based conformed dimensional data gravity wells; tenth program instructions to transmit multiple parsed synthetic context-based objects and multiple parsed conformed dimensional objects to the context-based conformed dimensional data gravity wells membrane; and eleventh program instructions to define multiple context-based conformed dimensional data gravity wells according to the virtual mass of multiple parsed synthetic context-based objects and the virtual mass of multiple parsed conformed dimensional objects that are pulled into each of the context-based conformed dimensional data gravity well frameworks, wherein each of the multiple parsed synthetic context-based objects and multiple parsed conformed dimensional objects is pulled into a particular context-based conformed dimensional data gravity well in response to values from its n-tuple matching said at least one context object or said at least one dimension object in said particular context-based conformed dimensional data gravity well; and wherein the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh program instructions are stored on the non-transitory computer readable storage medium for execution by the processor via the computer readable memory.

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1. A computer-implemented method of automatically filling a form field in response to a speech utterance in a multimodal communications environment having a Web browser implementing a XHTML+VXML (X+V) markup language, the method comprising: parsing an X+V document to determine a synchronized voice field in a user profile domain, wherein a synchronized voice field refers to a form field that is filled by a synchronization of speech and graphic inputs, and a user profile domain refers to form fields that are to be filled with data corresponding to a user profile; for each determined synchronized voice field, dynamically generating at least one grammar corresponding to the form field at runtime, the at least one grammar being based on a user profile and comprising a semantic interpretation string; and creating an auto-fill event based upon the at least one grammar and responsive to the speech utterance, the auto-fill event causing the filling of the form field with data corresponding to the user profile and comprising at least some data not in the spoken utterance.

7. The method of claim 1 , the generating step comprising generating at least one of a voice command and control grammar and a content navigation grammar.

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18. An apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the at least one query is a geo-spatial search query.

10. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code for one or more programs, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following, process and/or facilitate a processing of one or more data requests to generate at least one query; determine one or more algorithms for bounding, at least in part, result data responsive to the one or more data requests, the at least one query, or a combination thereof, based, at least in part, on one or more applications, one or more services, or a combination thereof that are associated with the one or more data requests, the at least one query, or a combination thereof; cause, at least in part, an association of the one or more algorithms with the at least one query; determine respective operational granularities of the one or more algorithms; and cause, at least in part, a serialization of the one or more algorithms in a semantic web description format based, at least in part, on the respective operational granularities.

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80. The computerized information apparatus of claim 78 , wherein the computerized information apparatus is further configured such that the data transfer can be initiated by the user's tactile selection of at least one display element displayed on the capacitive touch screen and display device.

78. Computerized information apparatus of a transport device, the computerized information apparatus configured to enable transport-device agnostic delivery of data to a plurality of personal electronic devices of a plurality of respective individual users, the computerized information apparatus comprising: data processing apparatus comprising at least a central processor and a digital signal processor (DSP); a first wireless interface in data communication with at least a portion of the data processing apparatus; a mass storage device in data communication with at least a portion of the data processing apparatus; a data interface in data communication with at least a portion of the data processing apparatus; a capacitive touch screen input and display device in data communication with at least a portion of the data processing apparatus and both viewable and accessible by the user; and computerized logic in data communication with at least a portion of the data processing annaratus and configured to: generate and present a plurality of iconic soft function keys having respective ones of predetermined topical functions associated therewith, on the capacitive touch screen input and display device, the topical functions each selectable by a user via touch of the touch screen input and display device in an appropriate region thereof, the plurality of iconic soft function keys facilitating rapid access by the user to data relating to the respective topical functions thereof; receive user input via at least one of the soft function keys, the user input designating one or more information elements; based at least on the user input, access a server via the first wireless interface in order to obtain at least a portion of the one or more information elements; establish a communication link with a portable electronic device of the user via the data interface; and utilize the established communication link to transfer at least a portion of the at least portion of information elements to the personal electronic device for storage thereon; wherein the computerized information apparatus further comprises second computerized logic configured to cause at least a portion of the user input to be stored on a server, the storage of the at least portion of the user input enabling the common configuration of subsequent information element accesses for delivery to the user's portable electronic device irrespective of whether the user utilizes the computerized information apparatus of the transport device or another information apparatus associated with another transport device, the second computerized logic also configured to store corresponding at least portions of user inputs from other users on the server, the storage of the corresponding at least portions facilitating the computerized information apparatus to configure subsequent information element accesses for delivery to portable devices of respective ones of those other users which are particular to those respective users; and wherein the computerized information apparatus further comprises radio frequency apparatus in data communication with at least a portion of the data processing apparatus, the radio frequency apparatus configured to receive data uniquely identifying a portable radio frequency device associated with the user and, based at least on the data uniquely identifying the portable radio frequency device, cause substantially automated configuration of and transfer of the at least portion of the information elements to the user's portable electronic device.

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13. The TTS control system of claim 12 wherein the phrase break detector is further adapted for decoding the at least one control characters to identify the at least one break.

12. The TTS control system of claim 10 , wherein the data provided by the TTS phrase database includes at least one control character for identifying the at least one break.

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16. An apparatus comprising: a computer platform comprising one or more processors programmed with instructions to: parse a first file having a first format to identify one or more interactive elements defined in said first format, the one or more interactive elements configured to provide one or more dynamic functions, at least one of said dynamic functions comprising cursor control interactivity; create a second file in a second format based at least in part on said first file, said second file includes one or more interactive elements defined in said second format that provide one or more dynamic functions associated with states of said interactive elements defined in said first format in said second file, at least one of said dynamic functions being cursor control interactivity; and apply an actuation event to at least one of said interactive elements of said second file to change a state of said at least one of said interactive elements, the changing said state of said at least one of said interactive elements of said second file is associated with a change in information displayed according to said second file from a first image to a second image and that reverts back to the first image when the actuation event is no longer detected.

19. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein said one or more processors is further programmed with instructions to: associate a first image with a normal state in said one or more interactive elements of said second file; and associate a second image with an event state in said one or more interactive elements of said second file, wherein said first image is based at least in part on an image associated with a normal state in said one or more interactive elements of said first file, and said second image is based at least in part on an image associated with an event state in said one or more interactive elements of said second file.

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17. The system of claim 16 , wherein the user access privileges are dynamically assigned based on historical access data stored in a repository.

16. The system of claim 12 , wherein user access privileges for viewing the document vary for the users depending on the context.

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3. The output parameter estimation apparatus of claim 2, wherein the fuzzy operation means obtains the centroid using a min-max calculation method.

2. The output parameter estimation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fuzzy operation means obtains the fitness degree of the input data set in each of the determined field and the adjacent field based on membership functions corresponding to each of the n input parameters, and obtains a centroid for the input data set according to the obtained fitness degrees, based on membership functions that show the determined field and the adjacent field.

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2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the local voice profile manager is further configured to utilize a communication protocol to receive a portable voice profile from a remote apparatus associated with a member of the group to which the local user is a member.

1. An apparatus comprising: a storage device configured to store portable voice profiles; and a computer-based system coupled to the storage device, the computer-based system including (1) a speech recognition engine configured to utilize the portable voice profiles in recognizing speech from various speakers, wherein each portable voice profile is associated with and customized to a particular speaker, and enhances an-accuracy with which the speech recognition engine converts the particular speaker's speech to text, and the speech recognition engine includes speaker identification logic to analyze voice signals to identify the particular speaker and then dynamically select a particular portable voice profile associated with the identified speaker; (2) a local group manager-configured to facilitate establishing a local user of the apparatus as a member of a group and to manage access privileges to a portable voice profile associated with the local user according to connections between the local user and other members of the group and instructions of the local user; and (3) a local voice profile manager configured to facilitate an exchange of the portable voice profile associated with the local user with another user that is a member of the group, wherein at least one of the portable voice profiles includes data derived from use with a variety of speech recognition engines.

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6. The method of claim 2 , further comprising generating a solution of the set of constraints if the set of constraints is satisfiable.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: eliminating the quantifier through instantiating the quantifier with a symbolic variable; and determining whether the set of constraints is satisfiable based on the instantiation of the quantifier with the symbolic variable.

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1. A method for evaluating a conjunctive query, the method executed as a computer program by a general purpose computer, the conjunctive query comprising an at least one first predicate having variables; wherein the at least one first predicate is a relational predicate that is evaluated with a first engine using a relational database, and an at least one second predicate having variables, wherein the at least one second predicate is an external predicate that is evaluated using a second engine without using a relational database; the method comprising the steps of: defining the relational predicates as treated and defining the external predicates as non-treated; defining a variable (X) as distinguished if it appears as an argument in a treated predicate and it is a variable of an expression of a non-treated predicate; selecting a distinguished variable (X) from the conjunctive query, in absence of a distinguished variable by definition, choosing one of the variables in a non-treated predicate to serve as distinguished; forming a binding column (Bx) that contains a superset of values that are possible values of the selected distinguished variable (X) that fit limitations imposed by being an argument of the treated predicates; wherein said binding column (Bx) includes all possible values if it was chosen to serve as distinguished; evaluating the non-treated predicates having the selected distinguished variable (X) as a variable using the possible values from the binding column (Bx); updating the binding column (Bx) to be limited to the possible values fitting the evaluated non-treated predicates; marking the evaluated non-treated predicates as treated; repeating the steps for additionally chosen or selected distinguished variables, until resolving the query.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein said external predicate comprises a hierarchical structure.

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1. A computer-implemented method for generating an interactive patent data summary report, the interactive report comprising data for each of a plurality of years on a target law firm entity, the method comprising: a. receiving first information, wherein the first information is indicative of the target law firm entity, wherein the target law firm entity is of a first entity type; b. using one or more processors to issue one or more database system queries, at least one of the one or more queries comprising at least a portion of the first information to a database system comprising at least one database table stored on a computer readable medium to identify a plurality of company entity records, the plurality of company entity records being a subset of all company entity records stored in the at least one database table and comprising information on a plurality of company entities being assignees of at least one of a plurality of patent documents, wherein the target law firm entity being an attorney listed on each of the plurality of patent documents, each of the plurality of company entities being of a second entity type and wherein the subset of the stored all company entity records constituting the plurality of company entity records is determined using the issued one or more database system queries; c. using the one or more processors for extracting the information on the plurality of company entities from the plurality of company entity records; d. incorporating using the one or more processors the extracted information on at least two of the plurality of company entities of the second entity type into the interactive report; e. using the one or more processors for determining, for each pair comprising a year from the plurality of years and a company entity from at least two of the plurality of company entities, a quantity of patent documents in the plurality of patent documents corresponding to the pair, each of the plurality of patent documents listing the target law firm entity as an attorney; f. generating using the one or more processors a graphical chart, the graphical chart incorporating, for each pair comprising the year of the plurality of years and the company entity from the at least two of the plurality of company entities, a graphical representation of the determined quantity of patent documents; g. incorporating using the one or more processors the generated graphical chart into the interactive report or associating the graphical chart with the interactive report; and h. causing the interactive report to be provided to the user, wherein the interactive report comprises a user interface portion usable in connection with a web browser; wherein the interactive report comprises a plurality of information items capable of being activated by the user, the plurality of information items forming the user interface portion of the interactive report; and wherein receipt of an indication that at least one information item of the plurality of information items of the user interface portion of the interactive report has been activated by the user causes the one or more processors to generate a second report based on the activated information item and cause the second report to be provided to the user.

8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising associating a link element with an information item in the interactive report, wherein upon activation of the link element, the user is provided with the second report on the information item.

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11. The system of claim 10 , wherein said inference data inclusion module configured to include into the electronic message the first inference data and the second inference data into the electronic message comprises: an inference data inclusion module configured to include into the electronic message an indication of an action executed in connection with the particular item and performed, at least in part, by the first authoring user.

10. The system of claim 1 , wherein said inference data association module configured to associate the first inference data and the second inference data with the particular item comprises: an inference data inclusion module configured to include into the electronic message the first inference data and the second inference data into the electronic message.

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21. The computer program product of claim 14 , wherein the received search query includes an unstructured text query.

14. A computer program product tangibly embodied on a computer-readable storage medium and including executable code that, when executed, is configured to cause a data processing apparatus to: provide location factors for first phrases in a collection of phrases, each location factor for a first phrase being associated with a likelihood that a second phrase of a search query is associated with a location when the first phrase and the second phrase are used in the search query; receive a search query, the received search query including a first phrase from the collection of phrases and a second phrase; determine that the second phrase does not correspond to a location that can be identified by the second phrase alone, by: determining a name score indicating a popularity of the second phrase for the location; obtaining a signature for the location, wherein the signature includes a set of combinations of location specifiers, wherein each combination of location specifiers refers to the location; determining a signature score that indicates a popularity of the signature for the location; and determining that the location cannot be identified by the second phrase alone based on the name score and the signature score for the location; and determine whether the second phrase of the received search query refers to a location based, at least in part, on the location factor for the first phrase of the search query.

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5. The system of claim 3 wherein at least one of the checkpoint scores is indicative of the syntactic similarity between the translation results and the target data associated with the checkpoint.

3. The system of claim 2 wherein the evaluation component is configured to score the translation results by producing a plurality of checkpoint scores and wherein each checkpoint score is indicative of the quality of the translation results for a given checkpoint.

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3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: extracting a bounding box from the retrieved map content; and maintaining an association between the bounding box and the extracted spatial key.

1. A method for indexing a web page, the method comprising: retrieving, by a first computer, a web page, the web page including first content and a resource address specifying map content; retrieving map content from a second computer at the resource address specified in the web page, the map content including an embedded spatial key; extracting the embedded spatial key from the retrieved map content; and storing an association between the extracted spatial key and the first content on a computer readable storage medium.

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9. The method of claim 6 wherein the relationship relevancy includes friends in common, story interaction, comment interaction, like interaction and title interaction.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the relevancy criteria includes number of comments and number of likes.

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6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising: sending at least a subset of the first one or more change descriptors to the another computing device, the subset based at least in part on the first value.

7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising: storing the second one or more change descriptors in the second collection at positions corresponding to positions of the second one or more change descriptors stored in the first collection.

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3. The computer system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more hardware computer processors are further configured to execute code in order to cause the system to: execute any query comprising a second section of code written in the first programming language and a third section of code written in the template syntax; wherein the second section of code includes an instruction to write new information to the one or more data sources; and wherein the third section of code comprises a function call on a parameter referencing the new information.

10. The computer system of claim 3 , wherein the function is written in the template syntax.

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9. A method as described in claim 1 , wherein translations of updated localization files produced during a particular build of the application are performed asynchronously with the particular build.

1. A method implemented by a computing device comprising: parsing source content during the process of building an application to identify resources that were modified; updating localization files having a file format designated for translations into one or more selected languages selected for the application based on the resources that are identified as modified in the build such that the localization file reflects updates as resources are updated for each build; creating dynamic resource files based on the updated localization files that incorporate available translations for the resources; compiling the dynamic resource files into compiled language specific resource files for each of the one or more selected languages; discarding the dynamic resource files that are created for the build of the application when the build is complete; and producing a multilingual resource package for the application configured to contain the compiled language specific resource files for the application.