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7. A system according to claim 5 , wherein the service registry is configured to create the one or more additional endpoint definition documents for the specific web service by accessing a template for each environment and modify the first endpoint definition document according to an accessed template.

5. A system for a service registry for web services, the service registry comprising a plurality of different environments for the web services, the service registry configured to: detect the creation of a first endpoint definition document for a specific web service, the first endpoint definition document defining address data for the specific web service in one environment, wherein the first endpoint definition document was created manually by an author of the web service; and based on the detecting of the creation of the first endpoint definition document for the specific web service, automatically perform: query the service registry to determine all environments that are defined in the service registry; determine the plurality of different environments based on the determination of all environments that are defined in the service registry, wherein the plurality of different environments comprise any environment for which no endpoint definition document for the specific web service exists in the service registry; access data defining each of the plurality of different environments associated with the service registry; create endpoint definition document for each of the plurality of different environments for the specific web service from the first endpoint definition document and the accessed data; and store the created respective endpoint definition document for each of the plurality of different environments using the service registry.

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13. A method for automatically recognizing Arabic text, comprising: building an Arabic corpus comprising Arabic text files and ground truths corresponding to each of the Arabic text files, wherein the Arabic text files include Arabic texts written in different writing styles; storing writing-style indices in association with the Arabic text files by a computer, wherein each of the writing-style indices indicates that one of the Arabic text files is written in one of the writing styles; acquiring a text image containing a line of Arabic characters; digitizing the line of the Arabic characters to form a two-dimensional array of pixels each associated with a pixel value; dividing the line of the Arabic characters into a plurality of line images; downsizing at least one of the plurality of line images to produce a downsized line image; serializing pixel values of pixels in each column of the downsized line image to form a string of serialized numbers, wherein the string of serialized numbers forms a text feature vector; training a Hidden Markov Model using the Arabic text files and ground truths in the Arabic corpus in accordance with the writing-style indices in association with the Arabic text files; and feeding the text feature vector into the Hidden Markov Model to recognize the line of Arabic characters.

16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the writing styles specify with or without punctuation in the Arabic text, with or without vowelization in the Arabic text, and the existence or nonexistence of a non-Arabic text in the Arabic text files.

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1. A method for using a computer system, in response to a reader's request for display of electronic text, to automatically identify and provide additional reading material related to concepts referred to within said electronic text comprising, in sequence, the steps of: a) on a server system, via a network, accepting a request for electronic text from a client system; b) formulating a search request for additional reading material related to at least one concept in a text section of said electronic text, wherein said search request includes at least one term that was not provided to said server system by said client system; and c) via a network, along with said electronic text, providing instructions to said client system that when executed: i) cause said search request to be transmitted via a computer network, resulting in the search of an index, said search resulting in identification of related material; and ii) provide to said client system an indicator of said related material to be presented in the same presentation as the requested electronic text; wherein: said index contains a plurality of terms by which it may be searched; substantially all terms in said index are associated with at least one pointer to a text section; and at least one term in said index is associated with a plurality of pointers, at least two of said plurality of pointers pointing to different text sections.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the request of step (a) is signaled by a user of the client system by initiating an internet search.

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6. The system in claim 1 , said system further comprising means selected from a group comprising means for creating a new structure template, means for displaying all available structure templates associated with a document type, means for modifying an existing structure template, and means for modifying a particular structure.

1. A system having a CPU and a demonstrating device, a plurality of document types, a plurality of structure templates for modeling a plurality of structures, a plurality of extracting procedures, a plurality of modifying procedures, and a plurality of presenting formats, for helping a reader to read a document efficiently by extracting a plurality of contents from said document, generating a plurality of revised contents by modifying said plurality of contents, and presenting said plurality of revised contents on said demonstrating device with a particular presenting format selected from said plurality of presenting formats, wherein each structure template has a plurality of sub-structure templates and corresponds to a particular document type, wherein each document type corresponds to a particular class of documents categorized according to a plurality of requirements of a plurality of readers, wherein each sub-structure template marks a corresponding content, said system comprising: means for identifying a document type of said document from said plurality of document types by using at least one method selected from a group comprising source identification, author identification, title identification, topic identification, vocabulary identification, 4WH identification and author specification; means for determining a particular structure template from said plurality of structure templates according to said document type; means for building a structure with a plurality of sub-structures by instancing said particular structure template; means for extracting said plurality of contents from said document according to said plurality of extracting procedures, wherein said plurality of extracting procedures extract information according to a plurality of preferences of said reader; means for generating a plurality of revised contents by applying said plurality of modifying procedures on said plurality of contents, wherein said plurality of modifying procedures amend information according to said plurality of preferences of said reader; means for filling said plurality of sub-structures by said plurality of revised contents; means for organizing said structure into a structured document; and means for presenting said structure document through said demonstrating device according to said particular presenting format, whereby said structured document is significantly different from said document with information modified according to said plurality of preferences of said reader; and whereby said system extracts said plurality of contents from said document by running said plurality of extracting procedures on said CPU, organizes said plurality of contents in said structure, modifying said plurality of contents by said plurality of modifying procedures, and presents said plurality of revised contents on said demonstrating device according to said particular presenting format.

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12. A system for transcribing an audio file voice mail that is sent to a recipient connected to a unified messaging system, comprising: a grammar containing data from the unified messaging system mailbox of the recipient; a key elements list containing data that is to be located in a voice mail; a server being configured to execute computer-executable instructions for: executing a speech-to-text module that compares each voice mail utterance on the audio file to the grammar; creating a text corresponding to each recognizable voice mail utterance, wherein the plurality of texts comprise a text transcription; determining one or more utterances in the audio file as unrecognizable based on a threshold relating to a probability accuracy of said comparing, said determining further comprising representing each of said unrecognizable utterances as a symbol or string in a corresponding position within the text transcription; identifying key elements contained in the text transcription that are contained in the key elements list, said identified key elements corresponding to only the recognizable voice mail utterances from which a text has been created; and sending the recipient an email containing the identified key elements, the text transcription, and the audio file.

13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the grammar is a personal grammar and wherein the speech-to-text module transcribes the audio file based on the personal grammar and at least one additional grammar.

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5. The video signal generating apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a microphone, wherein the circuitry is further configured to recognize a voice input to said microphone, and said circuitry is further configured to generate said text data also in response to a result of the recognition.

1. A video signal generating apparatus comprising: a camera configured to generate a video signal; and circuitry configured to operate said camera, the circuitry having a plurality of options, each option corresponding to a different operation to be performed on a video signal receiving apparatus; generate text data in response selection of an option from the plurality of options on said circuitry; and insert said text data generated by said circuitry into said video signal, wherein said text data inserted into said video signal is representative of the operation corresponding to the selected option, the video signal receiving apparatus configured to receive said video signal, extract the inserted text from said video signal, interpret said inserted text data extracted from the video signal as the selected operation to be performed on said video signal by the video signal receiving apparatus, and automatically perform the selected operation on the video signal, wherein said video signal receiving apparatus is external to said video signal generating apparatus, and the video signal receiving apparatus performs the selected operation at a point in time in the video signal from which the inserted text corresponding to the selected operation was extracted.

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18. The method of claim 1 , wherein a graphical connector, which connects only the plurality of found occurrences of the specified information element within the multilevel treeview, does not connect the plurality of found occurrences of the specified information element to respective parent nodes of the plurality of found occurrences of the specified information element.

1. A method for displaying a multilevel treeview of hierarchical information within a pane of a computer display window, comprising: searching an information hierarchy for a plurality of occurrences of a specified information element of the information hierarchy, based upon a search criteria; displaying within the pane the multilevel treeview of the information hierarchy; displaying within the multilevel treeview an indicator which indicates whether a displayed element of the information hierarchy comprises sub-elements, on one side of the multilevel treeview; indicating within the multilevel treeview locations of the plurality of found occurrences of the specified information element; graphically connecting via a graphical connection, only the plurality of occurrences of the specified information element within the multilevel treeview, the graphical connection being positioned on an opposite side from the indicator with respect to the multilevel treeview, and comprising: a plurality of horizontal lines extending outward from each displayed found occurrence of the specified information element, and a vertical line positioned to intersect an outward end of each of the plurality of horizontal lines, the vertical line being terminated between a horizontal line corresponding to a first displayed found occurrence of the specified information element and a last displayed found occurrence of the specified information element; selecting an occurrence of the specified information element within the multilevel treeview; and displaying a pop-up menu positioned directly beneath the selected occurrence of the specified information element, the pop-up menu comprising: statistical information on the total number of occurrences of the specified information element, and a link to a next occurrence of the specified information element.

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10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aggregating of the local descriptors comprises: encoding the local descriptors extracted from each transformation using a generative model; and; aggregating the encoded local descriptors.

1. A video classification method comprising: with at least one processor of one or more computing devices: receiving an input video comprising a sequence of frames; generating at least one transformation of the input video, each transformation comprising a sequence of frames; for the input video and each transformation, extracting local descriptors from the respective sequence of frames; aggregating the local descriptors of the input video and each transformation to form an aggregated feature vector with a first set of processing layers learned using unsupervised learning; and generating an output classification value for the input video based on the aggregated feature vector with a second set of processing layers learned using supervised learning.

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1. A computer-implemented method of managing display of content, comprising: identifying a plurality of documents, for each document in the plurality of documents: determining a first topic associated with a first portion of the document based on extracting metadata associated with the document; determining a second, differing topic associated with a second, differing portion of the document based on textual content of the second portion; generating a first topic vector associated with the document based on the first and the second topics, the first topic vector indicating respective relations between the first and the second topics and the document; generating a second topic vector associated with one or more keywords associated with the user; determining a correlation between the document and one or more keywords based on a comparison of the first topic vector and the second topic vector; and determining a time weight for the document, the time weight indicating an amount of time to display a portion of the document to the user through a GUI based at least in part on the correlation; displaying a particular portion of a first document of the plurality of documents to the user through the GUI for the respective determined amount of time; during the display of the particular portion of the first document, identifying a user interaction with the particular portion of the first document, and a particular topic associated with the particular portion of the first document, the particular topic being one of the first topic and the second topic, the user interaction including an adjustment to the determined amount of time of display of the particular portion of the first document; generating a user interaction topic vector based on the user interaction; identifying a second, differing document of the plurality of documents; comparing the user interaction topic vector with a topic vector associated with the second document; based on the comparing the user interaction topic vector with the topic vector associated with the second document, updating a time weight for a portion of the second document that is associated with the particular topic; and after displaying the particular portion of the first document, displaying the second document of the plurality of documents to the user through the GUI for the updated time weight.

7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the particular portion of the first document comprises a page of the first document.

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9. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the validity, comprises comparing the first score and the second score to a threshold.

1. A computer-implemented method for comparing anonymized data entries, comprising: (a) accessing a first list having a plurality of anonymized first entries, wherein an anonymized first entry includes a first part and a first score, and wherein the first part is anonymized; (b) accessing a second list having a plurality of anonymized second entries, wherein an anonymized second entry includes a second part and a second score, and wherein the second part is anonymized; (c) detecting an exact match between the first part and the second part; and (d) determining validity of said match based on a comparison of the first score and the second score to a threshold, wherein the first score is based on derivational history of the first part, and wherein the second score is based on derivational history of the second part.

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9. An apparatus comprising: a server device including: a processor; a memory; a user interface manager configured to receive a user communication; and a response manager; wherein the server device is configured to use first context information associated with a user to determine a plurality of responsive actions that satisfy the user communication from second context information comprising a plurality of responsive actions that are distributed in a plurality of contexts and respective acceptance criteria for each respective responsive action of the responsive actions distributed in the contexts to determine relevance to the user communication; wherein the server device is further configured to retrieve, prior to processing user communications from the user relative to the second context information, the first context information associated with the user from storage; wherein the server device is further configured to process the first context information to identify a subset of the second context information, wherein the first context information comprises user-selected information to assist with satisfying the user communications from the user relative to the second context information; wherein the server device is further configured to initiate a determination of the responsive actions that satisfy the user communication in the subset; wherein the server device is further configured to evaluate the respective acceptance criteria from the subset relative to the user communication to determine whether the respective responsive action from the subset satisfies the user communication; wherein the response manager is configured to apply a ranking rule to the plurality of responsive actions that satisfy the user communication; and wherein the server device is further configured to execute at least one of the plurality of responsive actions that satisfy the user communication subsequent to the response manager applying the ranking rule, wherein the plurality of responsive actions comprise at least one of displaying response text, modifying the first context information, creating an object on a whiteboard space of the user, executing an operation, running a program, or interacting with one or more systems, and wherein the ranking rule comprises at least one of a most preferred rule, a most personal rule, a most popular rule, or a highest context count rule.

11. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the first context information comprises user-specific context information.

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1. A method for recommending a teaching plan in literacy education comprising: collecting results of a first plurality of literacy tests, the plurality of literacy tests comprising a vocabulary test, a word reading test, and a reading comprehension test, wherein the first plurality of literacy tests are administered to a first group of students substantially near the beginning of a stage of learning; storing the results for each student in a student profile in a database; receiving teaching plan data the teaching plan data comprising: a first teaching plan for teacher-managed, meaning-focused learning; a second teaching plan for teacher-managed, code-focused learning; a third teaching plan for student-managed, meaning-focused learning; and a fourth teaching plan for student-managed, code-focused learning; storing the teaching plan data in the database; collecting results of a second plurality of literacy tests, the second plurality of literacy tests comprising a vocabulary test, a word reading test, and a reading comprehension test, wherein the second plurality of literacy tests are administered to the first group of students substantially near the end of a stage of learning; storing the results for each student in the student profile in the database; identifying learning patterns that produce desired change in the performance level of a student during a stage of learning, wherein the identification is based on the student profile data and teaching plan data; collecting results of a third plurality of literacy tests, the third plurality of literacy tests comprising a vocabulary test, a word reading test, and a reading comprehension test, wherein the third plurality of literacy tests are administered to a second group of students substantially near the beginning of a stage of learning, and wherein the results for a student are stored in a student profile in a database; matching a student profile of a student from the second group of students to a substantially similar student profile of at least one student from the first group; identifying, for the student from the second group, a matching identified learning pattern associated with the substantially similar student profile of the at least one student from the first group; and recommending, through a software application program implemented on a computing device, a teaching plan for the student of the second group based on the matching identified learning pattern.

28. The method of claim 1 , wherein storing the result of each student in a student profile in a database further includes storing at least one student descriptor selected from the group consisting of: documented learning disabilities, teacher profiles, and school profiles.

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5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: displaying a translation box in the translation pane; receiving, in the translation box, text from a user to be translated; receiving, in the translation box, an indication that the text should be translated; and displaying translated text in the translation box.

1. A computer-implemented method comprising: under control of an instant messaging program: displaying, on a client device, a list of languages to translate between; receiving a user selection from the list of languages related to a desired translation; displaying a list of third-party translation services on the client device that can perform the translation selected from the list of languages, wherein the list is received from a server computer and added to by the user; receiving a user selection of which third-party translation service to use; displaying a messaging pane and a translation pane on the client device; receiving an incoming message on the client device from a network; automatically sending the incoming message to the selected third-party translation service located on a server computer coupled to the network; receiving a translation from the third-party translation service on the client device; simultaneously displaying the incoming message in the messaging pane and the incoming message and a translation of the incoming message in the translation pane; receiving an indication from a recipient user that the recipient user does not understand the translation of the incoming message; and based upon the indication, sending an error message to a sending user of the incoming message indicating that the translation of the incoming message was not understood; wherein the recipient user is not required to be able to communicate in a language used by the sending user to indicate that the recipient user did not understand the translation of the incoming message.

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3. The method of claim 1 in which displaying proposed alternative annotations comprises: displaying the proposed alternative annotations in order based on descending value of the corresponding confidence measures.

1. A method, performed using one or more processors, of generating annotated training data for training a natural language understanding system, comprising: generating, with the natural language understanding system running on one or more of the processors, a proposed annotation for each of a plurality of units of unannotated training data received via one or more input components; calculating, with one or more of the processors, a confidence measure for each of a plurality of different portions of the proposed annotations for a given unit of the training data; displaying on an output component a proposed annotation for a given unit of the training data, with portions of the proposed annotation for which the confidence measure is below a threshold being displayed in a visually contrasting way to other portions of the proposed annotation; receiving user selection of a selected portion of the proposed annotation displayed; displaying on the output component at least some proposed alternative annotations, for the selected portion of the proposed annotation, in an order based on the confidence measures of the proposed alternative annotations, with one or more input components providing one or more user-actuable inputs configured for verification of the proposed alternative annotations and one or more user-actuable inputs configured for deletion of the proposed alternative annotations; when an input for verification is received, responding, with one or more of the processors, to the input for verification of one of the proposed alternative annotations by storing the verified annotation for the portion of the given unit of the training data; and when an input for deletion is received, responding, with one or more of the processors, to the input for deletion of one of the proposed alternative annotations by presenting on an output component at least some of the remaining proposed alternative annotations in an order based on the confidence measures of the remaining proposed alternative annotations.

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16. An electronic device configured to perform a method comprising: receiving a swipe gesture from an initial touch location on a touch-sensitive display of an electronic device; determining touch attributes for the swipe gesture, the touch attributes comprising a touch location of the swipe gesture; performing a first lock function when the swipe gesture progresses to a first touch location on the touch-sensitive display that is beyond a first threshold from the initial touch location, wherein the first lock function locks a first set of functionalities of the electronic device; and performing a second lock function when the swipe gesture progresses to a second touch location on the touch-sensitive display that is beyond a second threshold from the initial touch location, wherein the second lock function locks a second, different set of functionalities of the electronic device and the second threshold is beyond the first threshold.

19. The electronic device of claim 16 , wherein the method further comprises: comparing the determined touch attributes to the touch attributes stored for the first lock function; and comparing the determined touch attributes to the touch attributes stored for the second lock function.

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1. A method comprising: detecting an electronic message; detecting a message term within the electronic message; searching for a match between the message term and a stored term in a database, wherein the database stores a plurality of stored terms and corresponding definitions; in response to finding a match between the message term and the stored term in the database, displaying a definition from the database that corresponds to the stored term, wherein the definition defines the message term; in response to not finding a match between the message term and the stored term in the database, determining whether a new definition corresponding to the message term should be added to the database based on whether the message term appears a threshold number of times in one or more electronic messages; in response to determining that the new definition should be added based on the message term appearing a threshold number of times in the one or more electronic messages, forming the new definition based on analysis of a context of the message term within the electronic message and of a context of the message term when used within one or more electronic messages other than the message; and, adding the new definition corresponding to the message term to the database.

12. The method according to claim 1 wherein the message term is a graphical representation.

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5. An automated method of detection of software vulnerabilities according to claim 1 wherein the rule set incorporates a rule which classifies a program as vulnerable if there is a copying loop with a test for zero, and one other test, but a register referenced by the other test is not used during the loop.

1. An automated method of detection of software vulnerabilities by applying a rule set to test for vulnerabilities in computer software, the rule set comprising at least one vulnerability characterisation rule, the method incorporating the steps of: a) providing a training data set of computer software incorporating positive and negative vulnerability examples and expressed as programs flagged to indicate either presence or absence of vulnerability, the programs comprising instructions each incorporating an identifier to indicate its associated program, the instruction's address, an instruction operator and a list of instruction operands, b) defining a rule generalisation, the rule generalisation being processable to transform it into the at least one vulnerability characterisation rule, and c) using computer apparatus to execute the steps of: i) receiving the training data set and the rule generalisation, ii) processing the rule generalisation to transform it into a more specific rule generalisation by employing logic of at least First-Order and adding to the rule generalisation at least one of a condition, a variable, a constant, a unification of variables and a function based on the training data set and background knowledge relating to attributes of the training data set and consisting of at least one of concepts, facts of interest and functions for calculating values of interest from items of data, iii) evaluating the more specific rule generalisation by applying it to the training data set to identify vulnerabilities, and iv) incorporating the more specific rule generalisation in the rule set if it classifies vulnerabilities in the training data set adequately in terms of covering at least some of the positive vulnerability examples, v) applying the rule set to a test program for vulnerability detection therein, and vi) providing an alert or a report to a user regarding vulnerability detection in the test program resulting from operation of the method in order to enable corrective action to be taken.

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10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: stopping recording of acoustic data in the circular buffer when recording of acoustic data is started in the second buffer; stopping recording of acoustic data in the second buffer and restarting recording of acoustic data in the circular buffer, when an indication that the speech recognition system is no longer being addressed is detected and a feature indicating silence is detected in the acoustic data recorded in the second buffer.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the indication that the speech recognition system is being addressed comprises a microphone on event, and the indication that the speech recognition system is no longer being addressed comprises a microphone off event.

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10. A method as recited in claim 9 , wherein each vector graphics representation has elements identified by a <par> element in a SMIL synchronization data, to be displayed and highlighted while the audio file is played back.

9. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the implementing includes: creating a sheet music file for a piece of music, in a sheet music editor, that generates vector graphics representations, from the sheet music file, having elements that can be identified, displayed, and highlighted, the elements representing discrete segments of the piece of music, each of the segments having a beginning and an end; obtaining an audio recording of the piece of music, the audio recording including sound-wave sampled audio; generating synchronization data to synchronize the audio recording to the vector graphics representations, wherein beginning and end points in the audio recording correspond with the elements of the piece of music that represent the discrete segments thereof; and generating an electronic book file, that includes the vector graphics representations for each segment of sheet music; the audio recording; and the synchronization data between the vector graphics and the audio recording.

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8. A computer program product for creating a hierarchal organization of spoken conference call topics, the computer program product comprising: one or more computer readable storage media and program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage media, the program instructions comprising: program instructions to determine an identity of a first speaker from a group of participants on a conference call, wherein the group of participants are known; program instructions to determine a first conference call topic, wherein the first conference call topic is determined using a first portion of the first speaker's speech; program instructions to add a second speaker's identity to a queue of speakers while recording the first speaker's voice and capturing and presenting a second portion of the first speaker's speech to the group of participants, wherein the second portion of the first speaker's speech is a portion of the first speaker's speech directly preceding the second speaker's identity being added to the queue of speakers, and wherein the second portion of the first speaker's speech adds context for a reason to add the second speaker's identity to the queue of speakers; program instructions to determine a second conference call topic, wherein the second conference call topic is associated with words spoken close to a point in time during the recording of the first speaker's voice when the second speaker's identity is at front of the queue of speakers following a removal of the identity of the first speaker at the front of the queue of speakers, wherein the second conference call topic is a sub-topic of the first conference call topic; program instructions to link the first conference call topic and the second conference call topic into a hierarchal organization of spoken conference call topics; program instructions to detect a pause in the first speaker's voice for a predetermined interval of silence; program instructions to display, through a visual screen prompt, a warning to the group of participants that, in a predetermined interval of time, a first microphone will automatically mute for the first speaker and a second microphone will automatically unmute for the second speaker; and subsequent to a lapse of the predetermined interval of time, and through control of a first phone line and a second phone line, program instructions to deactivate the first phone line, causing the first microphone to mute, while, simultaneously, activating the second phone line, causing the second microphone to unmute.

11. The computer program product of claim 8 , further comprising: program instructions, stored on the one or more computer readable storage media, to display a complete hierarchal organization of spoken conference call topics in a user interface after the conference call ends using recording analysis, wherein each conference call topic comprises a text summary of speech and a duration of time associated with each speaker.

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5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising: an interface to a software reconfigurable physical emulation system for providing emulated operation and measured emulation data at the end of an emulation time interval.

1. A computer system for simulating a reconfigurable Lab-on-a-chip (“LoC”) device, the system comprising: a memory that stores binary data and software; and a processor in communication with the memory that: creates a specification file using a specification system stored in the memory, the specification file used to create a numerical model for a planned LoC configuration comprised of a plurality of microfluidic components within the reconfigurable LoC device, wherein the specification file comprises a list of microfluidic components, an attribute for at least one of the microfluidic components, and an interconnection among the microfluidic components, and wherein an authoring/editing tool creates and edits the specification file; executes a control design tool stored in the memory for creating and editing an operating language script, the operating language script for controlling the operation of the modeled LoC device; numerically simulates the operation of the model in real-time using a numerical simulation system stored in the memory, wherein the numerical simulation is derived from the specification file and the operating language script; and displays results of the numerical simulation of the simulated model using a data visualization system stored in the memory; wherein the specification system, control design tool, numerical simulation system, and data visualization system are integrated into a common software development system for system development, software development, control programming, real-time numerical simulation, and visualization the modeled LoC device.

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16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second collection of traffic classification modules is written in a classification module language.

1. A computer-implemented method for dynamic network traffic control, comprising: identifying, by a traffic controller, a first data packet, flowing from a source network device to a destination network device, as a subject of traffic-type classification by the traffic controller, the first packet produced in response to an action by an end-user, the traffic type classification being associated with at least one of an application type and a content type, the traffic controller including a control engine coupled to a network interface, the control engine controlling transmission and receipt of data packets between clients and servers, the control engine including classification modules, each of the classification modules having a unique identifier and being operable to trigger on a RULE INIT event; identifying by a first collection of traffic classification modules of the traffic controller, a session identifier of the first data packet, the session identifier corresponding to a network session between the source network device and the destination network device, the session identifier distinguishing the network session from other network sessions; determining that the traffic controller is transitioning from the first collection of traffic classification modules to a second collection of traffic classification modules; setting the collection identifier for the session to point to the second collection of traffic classification modules; determining that the first data packet is an event of a first event type, the first event type representing an initiating event; processing the first data packet in accordance with a rule set defined by the second collection of classification modules and the initiating event; and producing, as a result of processing the first data packet, an intra-session persistent state for the second collection of traffic classification modules.

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1. A method for making a computer program product comprising electronic transcript and exhibit files, comprising: importing, by a processor, one or more electronic transcript files and one or more electronic exhibit files into a publisher module; establishing, by the processor, an operable electronic link between the one or more electronic exhibit files and one or more entries in the one or more electronic transcript files that are associated with the one or more electronic exhibit files; storing a bundle on a computer readable medium via the processor and the publisher module, wherein the bundle comprises the one or more electronic transcript files, the one or more electronic exhibit files, the operable electronic link, and an executable viewer file to view the one or more electronic transcript files and the one or more electronic exhibit files, the computer readable medium comprising a portable device; and providing the one or more electronic transcript files in the bundle via the executable viewer file in the bundle and the one or more electronic exhibit files in the bundle in response to an input activating the operable electronic link via the one or more entries in the one or more provided electronic transcript files.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more electronic exhibit files include video files, audio files, video/audio files, animation files, text files, or image files.

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8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the query-dependent analysis of a feature associated with at least one attribute instance is performed based on at least one keyword mentioned in the keyword search query of the user.

1. A method for ranking one or more products in online shopping, the method comprising the steps of: a) receiving a keyword search query for the one or more products, the one or more products being associated with a product category; b) identifying one or more attributes, based on receiving the keyword search query, related to the product category, the one or more attributes comprising at least one of a brand name, a store name, a style, and price; c) selecting one of the one or more identified attributes as a base attribute, wherein the base attribute is selected based on the product category; d) identifying one or more features corresponding to the base attribute, the one or more features comprising query independent features and query dependent features; e) computing a normalized score of each of an attribute instance of the base attribute for each product in the product category, the normalized score being computed based on the value associated with each of the one or more features associated with the base attribute, wherein the value of the one or more features is determined based on a query dependent and a query independent analysis of the one or more features, the normalized score being computed using one or more mathematical functions; f) computing a normalized score of each of an attribute instance of the one or more attributes other than the base attribute for each product in the product category, the normalized score being computed based at least in part on the normalized score of the corresponding base attribute instance of each product, the normalized score being computed using one or more mathematical functions and an attribute affinity matrix, wherein the attribute affinity matrix comprises one or more values, for the attribute instance of the one or more attributes other than the base attribute, calculated based on normalized scores of the attribute instances of the base attribute; g) assigning weights to each of the one or more attributes based on the relative importance of each of the one or more attributes for the product category and the keyword search query; h) generating a product rank for each of the one or more products in the product category based on the assigned weights of the one or more attributes and the scores of each attribute instance using a predefined relevancy-ranking algorithm; and i) displaying a rank ordered list of the one or more products, wherein the steps of the method are performed by a microprocessor.

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23. A system for extracting structured knowledge from unstructured text for use in a knowledge representation system, the knowledge representation system comprising a knowledge base that represents knowledge using a structured, machine-readable format, the structured, machine-readable format comprising fact triples, the system comprising one or more computing devices configured to: identify sentences in the unstructured text; convert each of a subset of the sentences to one or more simplified assertion statements of the form: subject noun phrase, verb phrase, object noun phrase; convert each of a subset of the simplified assertion statements to a corresponding fact triple, each fact triple being constructed from three knowledge base objects, the three knowledge base objects comprising two entity objects and a relationship object expressing a relationship between the two entity objects; and group the fact triples into a plurality of quarantine groups such that each of the fact triples is included in more than one of the quarantine groups, each quarantine group being defined by a corresponding one of a plurality of fact characteristics, a first one of the fact characteristics being that all of the fact triples in the corresponding quarantine group include a same one of the entity objects, a second one of the fact characteristics being that all of the fact triples in the corresponding quarantine group include a same one of the relationship objects; determine a reliability for each quarantine group with reference to the knowledge base; determine that more than one of the quarantine groups in which a first fact triple is included has at least a specified reliability; and classify the first fact triple as a reliable fact triple in response to determining that more than one of the quarantine groups in which the first fact triple is included has at least the specified reliability.

29. The system of claim 23 wherein the one or more computing devices are configured to convert the subset of the sentences to simplified assertion statements by identifying parts of speech in each of the sentences in the subset.

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10. The method of claim 1, wherein the operating system comprises a graphics user interface.

1. A method for managing a plurality of fonts installed in an operating system running on a computer, comprising the steps of: (a) installing a font manager program for use with the operating system running on the computer, said font manager program managing access by a user to the plurality of fonts installed in the operating system, within different applications; (b) enabling the user to create a subset of the plurality of fonts installed in the operating system by selecting specific fonts from among said plurality of fonts using the font manager program, said plurality of fonts being available for access and use in documents by the different applications running on the computer even though not included in the subset created by the user with the font manager program; (c) enabling a user to respectively add and delete fonts to and from the subset using the font manager program, without affecting the plurality of fonts installed in the operating system and without affecting the availability of the plurality of fonts for use in documents by any of the different applications running on the computer; and (d) displaying only the subset of fonts that were defined by the user using the font manager program when the user elects to select a font for use in a document, said subset reducing confusion of the user in selecting said font by displaying less than all of the plurality of fonts installed in the operating system when the user selects the font.

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15. A computer apparatus, comprising: a memory for storing processing instructions of the apparatus; and a processor coupled to the memory for executing the processing instructions of the apparatus; the processor in executing the processing instructions: recording in the memory input data having delimited strings; recording in the memory a region-matching transducer defining one or more patterns of one or more sequences of delimited strings, with at least one of the patterns defined in the region-matching transducer having an arrangement of a plurality of class-matching networks; the plurality of class-matching networks defining a combination of two or more entity classes from one or both of part-of-speech classes and application-specific classes; the region-matching transducer (i) having, for each of the one or more patterns, an arc that leads from a penultimate state with a transition label that identifies the entity class of the pattern, and (ii) sharing states between patterns leading to a penultimate state when segments of delimited strings making up two or more patterns overlap; applying the region-matching transducer recorded in the memory to the input data with an apply-stage replacement method, which apply-stage replacement method follows a longest match principle for identifying one or more patterns in the region-matching transducer that match one or more sequences of delimited strings in the input data; at least one of the matching sequences of delimited strings satisfying at least one pattern in the region-matching transducer defined by an arrangement of a plurality of class-matching networks; wherein the input data is not labeled with morphological tags when applying the region-matching transducer to the input data; and recording in the memory, in response to said applying, the one or more sequences of delimited strings in the input data matching the one or more patterns in the region-matching transducer.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15 , wherein the input data recorded in the memory, in response to said applying, is recorded in the memory with labels identifying the one or more sequences of delimited strings in the input data matching the one or more patterns in the region-matching transducer.

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10. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one translation tool includes a translation item entry display area for displaying translation item entries in a translation group selected by a translator, a first language text display area for displaying in the first language the text element associated with a selected translation item from the translation item display area, and a second language display area for displaying a translation of the text element displayed in the first language text display area.

11. The system of claim 10 wherein the translation tools further include a context display field for displaying the text element in context.

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21. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 20 , wherein the ranking reflects a relative severity of speech misalignments.

20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 19 , further encoded with computer instructions for: ranking each cluster relative to one another if at least two clusters are identified; ranking each aggregate cluster relative to one another if at least two aggregate clusters are generated; and ranking each cluster and each aggregate cluster relative to each other if at least one cluster is identified and at least one aggregate cluster is generated.

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4. The method of claim 3 , wherein determining the layout associated with the structural document based on the determined image area comprises determining the one or more areas of each facet in the number of facets by: determining a number of images on a facet by dividing a size associated with the facet by the average image area.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining an image area associated with the structural document comprises: determining a number of received images; and determining an average image area by dividing the number of received images by the number of facets.

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9. A method of operating a transaction support apparatus for use by one or more transaction operators, the support apparatus comprising an electronic speech recognition device, said method comprising: coupling the electronic speech recognition device to receive a speech signal including a confirmatory dialogue from a transaction operator to another party; recognizing values of parameters of the transaction within the speech of the transaction operator utilizing said electronic speech recognizer; and supplying data recording the results of said recognition in electronic form from said electronic speech recognizing unit to an electronic transaction recording computer.

10. The method of claim 9 further comprising the step of: operating said electronic speech recognizer to recognize whether the speech corresponds to a predetermined human transaction operator.

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13. A non-transitory computer readable media having one or more-recordable media storing instructions thereon which, when executed by a system, cause the system to perform a method comprising: accessing header data from a multi-resolution codestream of compressed data of a first image; deriving one or more retrieval attributes solely from a bit distribution extracted from the header information; and performing image analysis based on the one or more retrieval attributes from the bit distribution extracted from header information, wherein the one or more retrieval attributes are non-image data that describe visual attributes of the first image, wherein the image analysis comprises similarity matching or clustering between the first image and a second image.

18. The computer readable media defined in claim 13 wherein the one or more retrieval attributes comprise one or more resolution-sensitive features.

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15. The computer implemented method of claim 11 further comprising identifying the subset of the retail locations with reference to product stock information identifying specific ones of the retail locations stocking specific ones of the products.

11. A computer implemented method for identifying retail locations likely to sell a particular product, comprising: receiving a query from a remote computing device with a computing system, the query identifying a particular product; connecting with a database associated with the computing system, the database including retail location information representing a plurality of retail locations, retail category information for at least some of the plurality of the retail locations, and product information representing a plurality of products, the product information including natural language representations of at least some of the products, each of the natural language representations comprising one or more natural language words representing the corresponding product, the database further including a plurality of mappings between the products and retail categories represented in the retail category information, the database further including product ontology information representing hierarchies of product categories, and retail category ontology information representing hierarchies of retail categories; using the computing system to identify in the database a subset of the retail locations in a particular geographic area likely to provide the particular product in response to a query identifying the particular product by making one or more inferences that each of the subset of the retail locations is characterized by a corresponding one of a plurality of different probabilities of being a supplier of the particular product, the probability corresponding to each of the subset of the retail locations being represented in the database by a corresponding relationship between one of the retail categories to which the retail location belongs and one of the product categories in which the particular product is included, a first retail location of the subset of the retail locations being inferred to be a probable supplier of the particular product, and a second retail location of the subset of the retail locations being inferred to be a possible supplier of the particular product, the one or more inferences being made with reference to the particular product and the mappings between the products and the retail categories, and by extending the mappings using the product ontology information and the retail category ontology information to identify one or more relationships not explicitly represented in the database; and transmitting a response to the query to the remote computing device communicating the identified subset of the retail locations, including communicating the first retail location as a probable supplier of the particular product and communicating the second retail location as a possible supplier of the particular product.

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22. A computer-implemented method of performing an analysis on data from a web-based search engine, the method comprising: receiving over a network in a digital computing device from the web-based search engine a web page having content responsive to a query; such web page including analysis computer code, executable by the digital computing device, that performs the analysis, the analysis computer code being received over the network from the web-based search engine; displaying the web page using a browser running in the digital computing device; and in displaying the web page, also running the analysis computer code in the browser of the digital computing device to perform the analysis on the content so as to produce analysis results; and displaying the analysis results using the browser.

34. A method according to claim 22 , further comprising: using the computer code to issue a request for information supplementary to the content of the web page for use in performing the analysis.

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4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ranking of the first search result is changed based on a combination of a factual accuracy and search relevance of the first search result relative to the second search result.

1. A method comprising: obtaining search results corresponding to a query; performing a fact check of the search results by comparing each search result from among the search results to respective information from one or more sources to determine a factual accuracy of said each search result; generating fact checked search results by adjusting the search results in accordance with the fact check; causing to be displayed the fact checked search results in response to the query; wherein generating the fact checked search results comprises changing a ranking of a first search result from among the search results relative to a second search result from among the search results; wherein the method is performed by one or more computing devices.

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15. The computing device of claim 13 , wherein a sample corresponding to a lower difficulty value is less difficult for the neural network to process than a sample corresponding to a higher difficulty value.

13. A computing device, comprising: a processor; and a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon program instructions that, upon execution by the processor, cause the computing device to perform operations comprising: receiving training samples for training a neural network to learn an acoustic speech model, wherein at least one training sample of the training samples represents at least one phone of captured speech, determining a curriculum function for acoustic speech modeling, wherein the curriculum function assigns a difficulty value for a designated training sample of the training samples based on a combination comprising a duration value for the designated training sample and a sound quality value for the designated training sample, for each training sample of the training samples, determining a corresponding difficulty value for the training sample using the curriculum function, ordering the training samples based on the corresponding difficulty values for the training samples, presenting the ordered training samples to train the neural network on at least a portion of the acoustic speech model, and recognizing a received speech sample using the trained neural network.

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1. A computer-programming tool for generating an implementation of a first data structure, the first data structure representing at least a portion of a computer-programming language, the language comprising a plurality of syntactical elements satisfying a set of syntax rules and the first data structure comprising a plurality of linked nodes, such nodes comprising a root node, a number of first-tier nodes linked directly to the root node, and a number of subsequent-tier nodes linked indirectly to the root node via one or more other said nodes, the nodes representing such syntactical elements of the language and a pattern of links between the nodes representing paths of inheritance of substitutability but not implementation and interface between those nodes, the tool comprising: memory operable to store one of said first data structure and a description thereof; and at least one processor configured to generate, from one said first data structure: one of a second data structure and a description thereof, corresponding to said first data structure, the second data structure comprising nodes corresponding to the nodes of the first data structure with all nodes of the second data structure other than its root node being linked directly to the root node of the second data structure, wherein the links between the nodes of the second data structure are representative of paths of inheritance of substitutability, implementation and interface between those nodes, the processor being further operable to generate, based on the pattern of links of said one said first data structure, implementation rules which define the rules of substitutability of the first data structure to be enforced in relation to nodes of the second data structure during a subsequent processing operation which utilizes said second data structure in order to establish compliance with the inheritance of substitutability represented by the first data structure, wherein the second data structure and the implementation rules form one said implementation of the first data structure.

2. A computer-programming tool as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said first data structure is at least partly a heterogeneous tree structure.

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14. The computer program product of claim 13 , wherein the computer readable program further causes the computing device to process the input question using the identified QA system pipeline to generate one or more candidate answers for the input question at least by generating, by each of the QA system pipelines associated with matching clusters in the plurality of clusters, a separate ranked listing of candidate answers.

13. The computer program product of claim 10 , wherein the computer readable program further causes the computing device to identify a matching cluster, of the one or more previously generated clusters, with which the input question is associated at least by identifying a plurality of matching clusters with which the input question is associated, and wherein the computer readable program further causes the computing device to identify a QA system pipeline associated with the matching cluster at least by identifying a plurality of QA system pipelines associated with the plurality of matching clusters.

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3. The method of claim 1 , wherein filtering the fresh queries comprises: determining whether each fresh query is associated with an aggregate click through rate for search result selections for the fresh query that satisfies a threshold value.

1. A method comprising: periodically analyzing one or more data sources to identify a plurality of prior queries as fresh queries, wherein each of the prior queries was submitted as a search query a number of times during a recent time period and satisfies a criterion, wherein the criterion is a rate of change in query frequency during the time period, a deviation from an expected query frequency during the time period, or a threshold number of occurrences of the query during the time period; filtering the fresh queries to determine candidate refinement queries; in response to receiving a user query from a user, selecting from the candidate refinement queries a plurality of queries that match the user query; ranking the selected plurality of queries, wherein the selected plurality of queries are ranked based on one or more of the data source of each selected query, a quality of results associated with each of the selected queries, or a profile of the user; and providing one or more of the selected queries as related search suggestions for the user query based on the ranking.

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9. A method comprising: receiving a query from a query source, the received query including a bucket id identifying a bucket within an object store; parsing the received query into a query parse tree; generating candidate query plans, each of the candidate query plans being semantically equivalent to the received query; evaluating the candidate query plans based upon a cost model, wherein the cost model considers statistical information associated with the bucket including a number of objects stored in the bucket; selecting one of candidate query plans based upon the cost model evaluation; retrieving a plurality of object ids and corresponding object metadata from the object store using the bucket id; generating a stream of tuples from the retrieved object ids and object metadata; filtering the stream of tuples according to predicates within the received query; projecting the stream of tuples according to a list of metadata keys within the received query to generate a query result set stream; and generating a response to the query source based upon the query result set stream.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein generating candidate query plans includes: generating at least one logical query plans according to the received query; and generating a plurality of physical query plans according to the logical query plan, wherein the selected query plan corresponds to one of the plurality of physical query plans.

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19. A method according to claim 18 , wherein said information transmitting step comprises transmitting information about a particular group.

20. A method according to claim 19 , wherein said transmitting step comprises transmitting information about a profession of a character to said front portion of said at least one finger.

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4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each of said rows comprises 128 bytes, and each of the code words comprises 32 bytes.

1. A method of writing a block of user data to a tape storage medium, said method comprising: arranging said block of user data into an array of bytes, said array comprising a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns of said bytes; applying an error correction code to individual ones of said rows of bytes, such that said error correction coded rows each comprise four code words, wherein each of the four code words in each corresponding error correction coded row includes data bytes and error correcting bytes; in each of said error correction coded rows, interleaving said four code words of the row; and writing said error correction coded rows each comprising four code words into a diagonal track that extends diagonally across a width of the tape storage medium.

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1. A method comprising: a) providing a software that comprises: a data collection layer at which data sets generated at different platforms are retrieved, processed and loaded to a database, a data storage layer in which the data sets from the data collection layer are stored in a Big Data database, a data modeling layer having a plurality of predefined computational models for different business problems, wherein each computational model of the plurality of predefined computational models is configured to use the data sets stored in the Big Data database to provide one or more answers to a different type of a user query specific to a business problem of the different business problems, and a visualization layer for interacting with a user, wherein the different types of user queries specific to the different business problems include: accelerate data usage and revenues, third-party data monetization, optimized management of price plans, improving customer preservation, optimizing pre-paid to post-paid migration, and stimulating roaming usage; b) upon inputting a user query to the software, using one of the computational models of the plurality of predefined computational models for presenting to a user a plurality of pre-determined series of queries and results thereof, thereby reflecting to the user a multi-step process selected by the software for retrieving the one or more answers to the user query.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the data sets include data that relates to activities of a plurality of users at the Internet.

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9. A program-product comprising a non-transitory processor-readable medium on which program instructions are embodied, wherein the program instructions are configured, when executed by the at least one programmable processor, to cause the at least one programmable processor to verify that a comparison model having folded expressions matches a reference model; wherein the reference model adheres to a first set of syntax and semantics and first rules of operator precedence defining a first order in which operations are performed in expressions, the reference model includes a plurality of first expressions, each first expression including at least one operator and at least one operand, a first expression of the plurality of first expressions including a first operator having a first operator precedence level and a first set of operands associated with the first operator, wherein commutativity and associativity allow various equivalent ordering and grouping of operators of the first operator precedence level within the first expression based on the first rules of operator precedence; wherein the comparison model adheres to a second set of syntax and semantics and second rules of operator precedence defining a second order in which operations are performed in expressions, the comparison model includes a second folded expression including a second operator having a second operator precedence level and a second set of operands associated with the second operator, wherein commutativity and associativity allow various equivalent ordering and grouping of operators of the second operator precedence level within the second expression based on the second rules of operator precedence; and wherein the program instructions are further configured to cause the at least one programmable processor to verify that a comparison model having folded expressions matches a reference model by matching the second folded expression with the plurality of first expressions in part by matching the first operator of the first expression with the second operator of the second expression and verifying that the first set of operands is equivalent with the second set of operands even when the first set of operands is in a different order than the second set of operands associated with the second operator based on commutativity or grouped in a different way based on associativity; and wherein the processing unit is further configured to determine whether the second folded expression is semantically equivalent to the plurality of first expressions based on the matching of the second folded expression with the plurality of first expressions, wherein the second folded expression need not be syntactically identical to the plurality of first expressions to be semantically equivalent.

12. The program-product of claim 9 , wherein the comparison model is source code; and wherein the second operand is a variable.

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49. The method of claim 48 , wherein the percentage is 100 percent.

48. The method of claim 47 , further comprising in response to the determination of the suspect record, determining a credit amount, the credit amount being a percentage of the declared deposit amount minus the value included in the suspect record.

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12. A computing device comprising: a processing system; a gesture module operable via the processing system to provide native gesture recognition functionality for the computing device, the native gesture recognition functionality representing gesture recognition functionality made accessible to applications via an operating system of the computing device; and a recognition interface operable via the processing system to handle gesture recognition for applications that use dynamic scripting language; including: registering the applications for gesture recognition with the gesture module via gesture objects that are instantiated to represent multiple interaction contexts, each gesture object configured to specify one or more interaction inputs and a target element of application content for a corresponding one of the multiple interaction contexts; supplying input data for the interaction inputs to the gesture module for processing on behalf of the applications; transforming raw gesture data obtained from the gesture module that provides the native functionality for recognized gestures into coordinate systems employed by target elements specified by the gesture objects; and communicating the transformed gesture data for use by the applications to manipulate display of the target elements in accordance with the recognized gestures, the transformed gesture data being usable by the applications in the dynamic scripting language.

16. A computing device as described in claim 12 , wherein the interaction inputs specified for one or more of the gesture objects comprise inputs from a combination of multiple input sources.

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3. The computer implemented method of claim 1 wherein each vocabulary in the plurality of vocabularies is associated with a different modality in the corpus of multimodal content, and wherein two or more different modalities are associated with the corpus of multimodal content.

4. The computer implemented method of claim 3 wherein a modality is selected from a group consisting of a text modality, a graphical modality, and an audio modality.

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1. An automated assistant operating on one or more computing devices, the automated assistant comprising: an input device, for receiving user input; a language interpreter component, for interpreting the received user input to derive a representation of user intent; a dialog flow processor component, for identifying at least one task based at least in part on the derived representation of user intent; a services orchestration component, for calling at least one service for performing the identified task; and an output processor component, for causing a first output to be displayed prior to receiving the user input, and for causing a second output to be displayed based on data received from the at least one called service; wherein the first output comprises a plurality of core competencies of the automated assistant and an example of a natural language input for invoking each of the plurality of core competencies.

17. The automated assistant of claim 1 , wherein: the input device receives a natural language question from a user; and the output processor component causes a third output to be displayed comprising an echo of the natural language question, a natural language answer to the natural language question, and an excerpt retrieved from an information source based on which the natural language answer is produced.

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12. An alphanumeric and symbol drafting device according to claim 10, wherein control of the x and y motion of said drafting element further comprises an x-axis motor assemblymounted upon a planar member of a generally T-square configuration, with a carriage longitudinally translatable thereupon in response to x-axis motor rotating of a leadscrew, which engages a pre-loaded nut connected to a said carriage assembly, and a y-axis motor assembly, mounted to a keyboard housing reference, that rotates a leadscrew which engages a pre-loaded nut connected to said planar T-square member, wherein y-axis motion comprises movement of said entire T-square member upon a transversely extending guideway fixed to said housing.

13. An alphanumeric and symbol drafting device according to claim 12, wherein said drafting element comprises a technical drafting pen which is replaceably mounted within a pen holder assembly that is pivotable, in the z-direction, with respect to said carriage assembly.

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31. The method of claim 30 , wherein storing the first encoding data for each text character includes storing first encoding data defining the center position of a text character of the text string, the first encoding data for each of the sets of character encoding data being coordinated in location within the memory defining the text string lookup table with the second encoding data of the same set of character encoding data.

30. A method of creating a text string lookup table, comprising: storing, in a computer memory at memory positions defining the text string lookup table, a set of glyphs, wherein each glyph is stored as a field of pixels defining a displayable image associated with a text character such that multiple pixels are stored in the memory for each glyph; and storing, in the computer memory at memory positions defining the text string lookup table, one or more sections of encoding data, wherein each section of encoding data defines a text string of two or more text characters to be rendered in an image and wherein each section of encoding data includes two or more sets of character encoding data with each set of character encoding data defining a text character of the text string and including first encoding data defining information about a position of a text character in the text string from which the center position of the text character can be determined and second encoding data defining a reference to one of the glyphs to define the identity of the text character in the text string.

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1. A computer implemented method of analysing a set of data records, wherein each data record comprises a value for each of a plurality of variables, the method comprising: using one or more computer processors: receiving a selection of a variable of interest from the plurality of variables; analysing values in the data records of at least one variable of the plurality of variables other than the variable of interest by determining whether the at least one variable is correlated with the variable of interest and for each variable determined to be correlated with the variable of interest, determining the strength of the correlation; using the analysis to create a statistical description of said at least one variable; for one or more rules corresponding to the at least one variable, applying the rule to the plurality of variables; for each rule having conditions of the rule met by the plurality of variables, choosing a template corresponding to the rule; using the statistical description to populate the one or more templates corresponding to a rule, the templates populated for one or more variables other than the variable of interest, each template including a natural language description of a relationship between the variable of interest, or a value or range of values of the variable of interest, and the variable to which the statistical description applies; and displaying the one or more populated templates including natural language descriptions for one or more of the variables, together with information relating to the strength of the correlation.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said analysing is carried out on multiple variables other than the variable of interest and wherein at least one said template natural language description is populated for respective ones of said multiple variables.

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7. The method of claim 6, further comprising the step of enabling the user to selectively close a current file that has been reviewed by the user to effect the editing operation.

6. The method of claim 3, further comprising the step of enabling the user to review the list and after effecting the editing operation of a file indicated in the list, selectively effecting the editing operation of a successive file indicated in the list.

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10. The computer-readable medium excluding signals, the computer-readable medium of claim 4 having computer-executable instructions to perform: (d)(i)(l) approximating the stroke by linear regression.

4. The computer-readable medium excluding signals, the computer-readable medium of claim 3 having computer-executable instructions to perform: (d)(i) approximating a stroke of the writing line by a polyline.

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1. A method for presenting content items comprising: receiving a plurality of content items; determining size constraints of each of the plurality of content items; selecting a plurality of candidate templates each having a number of slots, each slot defining a portion of a page within which a content item is displayed; for each candidate template of the plurality of candidate templates, determining a score for the candidate template by: determining a score for each slot of the candidate template based on a difference between a size of the slot and the size constraints of one or more of the plurality of content items, where a maximum score is assigned to the slot if the size difference between the size of the slot and size constraints of the content item is within a threshold difference, and determining the score for the candidate template based on aggregating the scores of the slots of the candidate template; selecting a template from the plurality of candidate templates based on the determined scores; and generating the page for presentation to a user, the page including one or more of the plurality of content items positioned based on slots in the selected template.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the score for the candidate template based on the scores for each slot in the candidate template comprises: weighting the scores for each slot in the candidate template; and updating the score for the candidate template based on the weighting.

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40. The system of claim 1 , wherein generating the first metadata item comprises: extracting text from the activity history; and generating the first metadata item based upon the text.

1. A method comprising: receiving, by a computing device, activity history associated with a user from a network data source, the activity history comprising a description of a user action initiated by the user; generating, by the computing device, a first metadata item based upon the activity history; storing, by the computing device, the first metadata item as user profile information associated with the user in a user profile database in response to a number of times the first metadata item is generated in a defined time period being greater than a threshold value; providing, by the computing device, a link to a widget plugin for inclusion with content objects of a content server that is disparate from the computing device and the network data source, the widget plugin enables communication between the computing device and a client computer associated with the user, the widget plugin enables via the communication, scanning of content objects received by the client computer and automatic retrieval of a subset of the content objects relevant to the first metadata item; receiving, by the computing device, a request for user-related metadata relevant to the content objects of provided by the content server to the client computer in response to navigation of the user to a website of the content server; determining, by the computing device, that the first metadata item is relevant to the content objects; transmitting, by the computing device, the first metadata item to an entity that made the request; enabling, by the computing device via the provision of the widget plugin link, automatic retrieval of a subset of the content objects that are relevant to the first metadata item for display to the user; and removing, by the computing device, the first metadata item from the user profile database in response to a number of times the first metadata item is generated in a defined time period being less than the threshold value.

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13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the method further comprises presenting the received court documents as user-interface elements in a region of the word processor application while the document of the first legal case is being accessed via the word processor application.

10. A method of performing legal research, the method comprising: maintaining an editable document related to a first legal case and identification information for the editable document in a case management system of a law firm, the identification information identifying the first legal case and an activity associated with the first legal case to which the editable document relates; accessing on a client access device the editable document from the case management system via a word processor application over a first network; determining via the client access device the identification information that identifies the first legal case and the activity to which the editable document relates; transmitting at least a portion of the identification information including the activity from the client access device to a server via a second network; and receiving by the client access device from the server via the second network one or more court documents of at least one second legal case that are relevant to the activity of the first legal case.

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24. The method of claim 18 , further comprising using software associated with the user-selectable element to receive demographic information from a user, in response to the page-specific user feedback concerning the particular web page, for reporting to the interested party in association with the page-specific user feedback concerning the particular web page.

18. A method comprising: using a user-selectable element viewable on each of a plurality of particular web pages of a website upon initial display of a particular web page to solicit page-specific user feedback concerning the particular web page from the user, the user-selectable element appearing identically and behaving consistently on each of the plurality of particular web pages; and using software associated with the user-selectable element to receive the page-specific user feedback concerning the particular web page for reporting to an interested party, the page-specific user feedback concerning the particular webpages having been provided by a user while the user remained at the particular web page, and the page-specific user feedback comprising one or more page-specific subjective ratings of the particular web page and one or more associated page-specific open-ended comments concerning the particular web page, the page-specific user feedback allowing the interested party to access page-specific subjective ratings and associated page-specific open-ended comments across the plurality of particular web pages to identify one or more particular web pages for which the page-specific user feedback is notable relative to page-specific user feedback for other particular web pages; wherein: the user-selectable element is viewable within a browser window upon initial display of the particular web page; and the method further comprises causing the user-selectable element to remain viewable within the browser window, at least prior to the user selection, regardless of user scrolling.

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7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 in which initiating a request for a subset of one or more of the fonts includes adding the identified characters to a request.

1. A computer-implemented method comprising: analyzing content of a received electronic document in an autonomous manner, by a requested agent, to identify each unique character of one or more fonts included in the content of the electronic document; initiating a request for a subset of one or more of the fonts included in the content of the electronic document, wherein the request includes each identified unique character of the respective one or more fonts; and receiving the subset of the one or more fonts, or, the subset of the one or more fonts and additional characters, inclusion of the additional characters being based upon a data transfer threshold.

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13. The method of claim 1 , further including a step: selecting one or more second computing systems for separately performing steps (b) and/or (c) based on a performance and/or cost requirement.

1. A method of identifying a source of data input to a computing system comprising: a) receiving speech utterance from an entity related to randomly selected challenge text; wherein said challenge text represents a selected set of one more contiguous words which when articulated have a measurable difference in acoustical characteristics between a reference human voice and a reference computer synthesized voice that exceeds a target threshold; further wherein said challenge text is also selected in part based on a confirmation from a human listener that an articulation of such challenge text by a computer synthesized voice is distinguishable from an articulation of such challenge text by a human voice; b) processing said speech utterance with said computing system to compute first acoustical characteristics of said entity; and c) generating a determination of whether said speech utterance originated from a machine or a human.

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10. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that when executed by a processor running on a computing system perform a method for assessing brain health of a person, said method comprising the steps of: a. receiving, at the computing system, inputs from a data collection module installed at one or more electronic devices, the inputs associated with one or more interactions of the person with the one or more electronic devices, the inputs recorded by the data collection module without requiring additional actions by the person while the inputs are recorded, the computing system comprising the processor executing instructions for learning a function mapping; b. computing, by the computing system, a brain health metric by learning the function mapping from the inputs to the brain health metric, wherein the brain health metric is a percentile rank relative to a population of users, the brain health metric indicating the person's likelihood of being in at least one of a cognitive state and a neuropsychological state; and c. outputting, by the computing system, the brain health metric.

16. The computer-readable medium of claim 10 , wherein to quantify an effect on the person's brain health of at least one of social interaction, mobility, physiology, cognitive stimulation, behavioral therapy, diet, medication taken and traumatic exposure, the method further comprises the steps of: a. recording at the one or more electronic devices inputs associated with a measurement of at least one of social interaction, mobility, physiology, cognitive stimulation, behavioral therapy, diet, medication taken and traumatic exposure; b. learning a measurement function mapping from said inputs associated with the measurement to the brain health metric; and c. outputting an attribution to the brain health metric that is explained by the inputs associated with the measurement.

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15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores executable-instructions that, in response to execution by one or more processors associated with a server, cause the one or more processors to perform or control performance of operations comprising: electronically obtaining, from a plurality of electronic devices communicatively coupled to the server, a plurality of questions, wherein the plurality of electronic devices are associated with a plurality of participants of a group activity; classifying, by the server, the plurality of questions into a plurality of subsets of questions, wherein the plurality of subsets of questions are represented by a plurality of common questions, and wherein the classifying includes classifying the plurality of questions based on a semantic relatedness value between each of the plurality of common questions and each of remaining questions of the plurality of questions; receiving a new question; calculating a respective semantic relatedness value between the new question and each of the plurality of common questions; determining whether at least one of the respective semantic relatedness values reaches a particular threshold value; including the new question in a subset of questions, of the plurality of subsets of questions, wherein the subset of questions is represented by a common question, of the plurality of common questions, having the semantic relatedness value corresponding to the new question equal to or greater than the particular threshold value; identifying the new question as a new common question if none of the respective semantic relatedness values is equal to or greater than the particular threshold value; sorting the plurality of common questions based on one or more parameters, which include at least one of a popularity value, a time of submission, a general semantic relatedness value between each of the plurality of common questions and a topic associated with the group activity, or a length of each of the plurality of common questions; and publishing, via an output device, a common question list that includes the sorted plurality of common questions and the one or more parameters that correspond to each of the plurality of common questions, thereby enabling a host of the group activity to efficiently select and answer the plurality of questions received from the plurality of participants.

16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15 , wherein the calculating the respective semantic relatedness value comprises: pretreating the new question; extracting a set of new terms from the pretreated new question; extracting a respective set of common terms from each of the plurality of common questions; and calculating the respective semantic relatedness value between the set of new terms and each of the respective set of common terms.

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5. A method for searching for a prescribed word block having a head portion at its beginning and a tail portion at its end, said head portion and said tail portion constituting less than the entirety of said word block, said searching being performed within a document that is stored in a memory of word processing equipment, comprising the steps of: inputting to the word processing equipment a leading word which serves to define a head portion of a word block desired to be located; searching the document for a first word corresponding to said leading word; inputting to the word processing equipment a trailing word which serves to define a tail portion of the word block desired to be located; searching the document for a second word corresponding to said trailing word; and displaying a word block that is defined between said first word corresponding to said leading word, and said second word corresponding to said trailing word.

6. A method according to claim 5, further comprising the steps of: repeating said leading word searching step and said trailing word searching step to define a plurality of word blocks having said corresponding head portion and said corresponding trailing portion; and displaying each of said plurality of word blocks.

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1. A computer-implemented method comprising: accessing, over a network, content associated with an electronic document made available on the network by a content provider; programmatically deriving, using at least one processor, geographic information related to the electronic document from the accessed content associated with the electronic document; storing information identifying the electronic document in an electronic data store in association with geographic data corresponding to the derived geographic information, thereby enabling subsequent geographic-based searching to yield the electronic document; receiving a geographic-based query from a user, the geographic-based query being associated with a particular geographic region; determining, using at least one processor, whether the particular geographic region is related to the geographic data corresponding to the derived geographic information; and conditioned on the determining that the particular geographic region is related to the geographic data corresponding to the derived geographic information, returning a search result for the electronic document based on the information identifying the electronic document.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein accessing, over the network, content associated with the electronic document made available on the network by the content provider comprises automatically, without human intervention, accessing, over the network, the content associated with the electronic document using a hyperlink that is included in a different electronic document and that links to the electronic document.

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4. The method of claim 1 wherein gesture context frameworks are provided using the sequence of gestemes.

1. A method for a multi-touch gesture- based user interface, the method comprising: concatenating a first subset of gestemes from a plurality of gestemes based on at least temporal logic and at least one parameter associated with a space function for constructing a first gesture, each gesteme being primitive gesture segments; concatenating a second subset of gestemes from the plurality of gestemes based on at least function for temporal logic and at least one parameter associated with the space function for constructing a second gesture; receiving real-time multi-touch gesture-based information from a multi-touch gesture-based user interface; processing the real-time multi-touch gesture-based information to sequentially identify over intervals of real-time at least a recognized sequence of specific gestemes belonging to the plurality of gestemes; determining from the sequence of gestemes that the user's execution of at least one gesture has been completed; determining from the sequence of gestemes a specific gesture represented by the sequence of gestemes; wherein the gesture is recognized as either the first gesture or the second gesture according to the sequence of gestemes.

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1. A method for assessing and managing a work-related musculoskeletal injury associated with at least one work site with a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the method comprising: receiving musculoskeletal injury categories; drawing, by a computer, relationships between the musculoskeletal injury categories by applying specialized medical knowledge, wherein the relationships between the musculoskeletal injury categories and the current procedural terminology comprises drawing relationships between specific procedural terminology and generalized procedural terminology, the relationships being determined, at least in part, by analyzing the table structure to determined trends, the trends being indicative of the relationships between the musculoskeletal injury categories and the current procedural terminology; structuring storage of the relationships between the musculoskeletal injury categories by tabulating a table structure that facilitates computational linkage between specific musculoskeletal injury categories and generalized musculoskeletal injury categories, wherein tabulating the table structure comprises joining, to the table structure, at least one of the following: a doctor-patient diagnosis history table, a patient corrective procedures table, demographic data, statistical data, and occupational data; gathering, for each work site, statistics on work-related musculoskeletal injuries associated with at least one of the following: relatively high lost work time and relatively high medical cost; and utilizing the relationships and the statistics to compile and retrieve data that facilitates improved work-related musculoskeletal injury resolution, wherein the improved work-related musculoskeletal injury resolution comprises at least one of the following: effective treatment of the work-related musculoskeletal injury; faster resolution and payment of an insurance claim associated with the work-related musculoskeletal injury; reduction in lost work time associated with the work-related musculoskeletal injury; and reduction in medical cost associated with the work-related musculoskeletal injury.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: assembling a legal panel to resolve disputes regarding injury compensation; and advertising and paying rewards for anonymously exposing injury fraud.

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14. A system for translating a social feed, the system comprising: a communication module communicatively coupled to a social network application via a network to receive social feed data configured to cause a client to display a social feed in a first language and to receive a request from a first user for a translation from the social network application; a social context module communicatively coupled to the communication module and configured to determine a social context for the translation, the social context including a second user that is related to the first user in a social graph wherein the second user is communicating with the first user in a second language and the social graph comprises a relationship type between the first and the second user, to receive a user input from the first user specifying the relationship type for which the social feed data should be translated and to determine a first portion of the social feed for translation based on the relationship type between the first user and the second user being the relationship type specified by the first user in the user input, the first portion including one or more portions of the social feed data that have been acted upon by the second user; a decoding engine communicatively coupled to the communication module and configured to receive the social feed data that is associated with the first portion from the communication network, the decoding engine configured to decode the social feed data to generate decoded social feed data; and a re-encoding engine communicatively coupled to the communication module, the social context module and the decoding engine to receive the request from the communication module, the social context from the social context module and the decoded social feed data that is associated with the first portion from the decoding engine, the re-encoding engine configured to re-encode the decoded social feed data to cause the client to display the first portion of the social feed in the second language based at least in part on the request and the social context, wherein the communication module is further configured to transmit the translated social feed data to the client.

19. The system of claim 14 , wherein determining the social context for the translation includes determining the language used by the second user.

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4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein identifying the missing statistics for a database query comprises: determining that the database query processes a plurality of columns; and responsive to determining that the database query processes a plurality of columns, identifying the statistical information to be a multi-column NDV of the plurality of columns.

1. A computer-implemented method for generating statistics for processing database queries, the method comprising: receiving, by a query compiler, from a client device, a plurality of database queries by a database system, the database queries processing data stored in database tables of the database system; identifying, by the query compiler, missing statistics while generating execution plans for database queries, the identifying comprising, for each of the plurality of database queries: requesting a statistical information useful for generating an execution plan for a database query; and determining that the requested statistical information is not available; and storing information describing the requested statistical information as missing statistics, responsive to determining that the requested statistical information is not available; ranking the identified missing statistics based on a number of times each missing statistics was identified as being not available during generation of execution plan; determining a subset of the identified missing statistics for use in generating execution plans for subsequent database queries, wherein determining the subset comprises selecting identified missing statistics based on the ranking; receiving, by the query compiler, the subsequent database queries; generating, by the query compiler, an execution plan for the one of the subsequent database queries using at least one of the identified missing statistics from the subset; executing, by an execution engine, the generated execution plan for the one of the subsequent queries to determine a result set; and sending the determined result set to the client device.

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5. The communication device of claim 1 , wherein the operations further comprise: receiving an indication for including an audio file of the voicemail message with the portion of the information; and transmitting the indication for including the audio file to the server for delivery of the audio file to the intended recipient with the portion of the information.

6. The communication device of claim 5 , wherein the audio file includes only a second portion of the voicemail message that corresponds to the portion of the information.

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9. A computer system for managing a programmable vehicle window display device, the computer system comprising: the programmable vehicle window display device, comprising: a memory medium comprising program instructions; a bus coupled to the memory medium; and a processor for executing the program instructions comprising a vehicle window display engine, the instructions causing the system to: scheduling a display rotation of a plurality of documents stored on the programmable vehicle window display device based on a location schedule associated with a vehicle displaying the programmable vehicle window display device, the plurality of documents comprising at least a first type of document and a second type of document, wherein display of the second type of document is necessary for access to a location of the location schedule; display, according to the scheduled display rotation, a first vehicle information document of the first type of document of the plurality of documents on a display of the programmable vehicle window display device, the first vehicle information document having a first validity end date; query a vehicle information database for a second vehicle information document of the first type of document having a second validity end date subsequent to the first validity end date; retrieve, responsive to the second validity end date being subsequent to the first validity end date, the second vehicle information document; save the second vehicle information document in a storage area of the programmable vehicle window display device; replace the first vehicle information document of the first type of document of the plurality of documents with the second document in the scheduled display rotation; display the second vehicle information document on the display according to the scheduled display rotation; verify, periodically, the second document with the vehicle information database; invalidate the second document in the case of a verification failure; and display, responsive to the invalidation, an invalidation indicator on the display.

12. The computer system of claim 9 , the instructions further causing the system to: receive a third vehicle information document; save the third vehicle information document in the storage area of the programmable vehicle window display device; display on the display, daily at a first time period, the third vehicle information document; and displaying on the display, daily at a second time period, the second vehicle information document.

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4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a phoneme search network and a context independent acoustic model for recognizing the phonemes.

1. An apparatus for recognizing continuous speech using search space restriction based on phoneme recognition, the apparatus comprising: a speech feature extraction unit for extracting a feature vector from an input speech signal; a phoneme recognition unit for recognizing phonemes based on the feature vector of the speech signal; and a phoneme-based speech recognition unit for recognizing a first word having corresponding first phoneme sequences from among the phonemes recognized by the phoneme recognition unit, and for constructing a connection word search network that includes connection words for the first word, wherein the phoneme-based speech recognition unit constructs the connection word search network to have a restricted search space based on the first word to perform a speech recognition process based on the connection word search network, wherein the phoneme-based speech recognition unit restricts connection words to be shifted at a boundary between words based on the first word to restrict a search space, and calculates a degree of similarity between the phoneme recognition result and the connection words to be shifted and shifts the phonemes to be recognized to a connection word having a degree of similarity equal to or higher than a predetermined reference value to restrict the search space, and wherein the phoneme-based speech recognition unit converts N phoneme sequences subsequent to the first phoneme sequences into a phoneme code, performs a logic AND operation on the phoneme code of the N phoneme sequences and the phoneme code of the connection word to be shifted, and does the sum of respective code values of the result of the AND operation to calculate the degree of similarity.

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14. A computer server comprising: a computer processor; and a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer program instructions executable by the processor to perform steps comprising: receiving information indicative of initial entities for content and initial scores associated with the initial entities from one or more content annotation sources; aggregating the information indicative of initial entities for content and initial scores associated with the initial entities received from the one or more content annotation sources; defining a range of values; mapping the initial scores to respective values within the defined range, the mapping producing calibrated scores within the defined range; selecting weights based on joint performance conditions; applying the selected weights to the calibrated scores within the defined range to produce weighted, calibrated scores; selecting a linear aggregation model from among a plurality of linear aggregation models; combining the weighted, calibrated scores based on the selected linear aggregation model to generate a final score; and determining whether to annotate the content with at least one of the initial entities based on a comparison of the final score and a defined threshold value.

18. The server of claim 14 , wherein the selected linear aggregation model is based on probabilities associated with the initial entities.

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13. A system for clustering reference documents to generate suggestions for classification of uncoded documents, comprising: a set of reference documents each associated with one of a plurality of classification codes and a visual representation of that classification code comprising at least one of a shape and a symbol, wherein the visual representation of each of the classification codes is different from the visual representations of the remaining classification codes; a set of uncoded documents each associated with a visual representation different from the visual representations of the classification codes; a processor to execute modules, comprising: a clustering module to select one or more of the coded reference documents, to combine the one or more coded reference documents selected with the uncoded documents as a set of combined documents, and to group the combined set of documents into clusters, further comprising: a cluster similarity module to determine a similarity between each document; and a grouping module to group the documents into the clusters based on the similarity; an identification module to identify at least one of the clusters with the coded reference documents; and a display to visually depict relationships between the uncoded documents and the one or more coded reference documents in the at least one cluster as suggestions for classifying the uncoded documents in that cluster by displaying the visual representation associated with each of the coded reference documents in that cluster and the visual representation associated with each of the uncoded documents in that cluster.

14. A system according to claim 13 , further comprising: a reference module to generate the set of reference documents, comprising at least one of: a reference similarity module to identify dissimilar documents for a document review project and assign a classification code to each of the dissimilar documents; and a reference cluster module to generate clusters of documents for a document review project, selecting one or more of the documents in at least one of the clusters and assigning a classification code to each of the documents.

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9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the qualities of the at least one text to speech output related to the utterance varies.

8. A method of training a speech recognition learning system either offline or online, the method comprising: generating at least one text to speech output to an utterance using a user simulator during the training, the output having qualities comprising at least one of a voice, a pitch, a rate or a volume; identifying speech features related to the utterance using a speech model or using a dialog action model; identifying the utterance that is in need of clarification by initiating a repair dialog, wherein the utterance associated with the repair dialog is identified includes: determining what states of the repair dialog are reached from other states, the dialog system learns which states to go to when observing an appropriate speech and dialog features by trying all repair paths using the user simulator where a user's voice is generated using various text-to-speech (TTS) engines at adjustable levels; and determining which states of the repair dialog are failures or successes; performing an action related to the speech features; and updating the dialog action model, the speech model or both, based at least in part on the speech features, the action, or a combination thereof.

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30. A computer readable storage medium according to claim 29 , wherein the second values are information corresponding to the names.

29. A computer readable storage medium according to claim 27 , wherein the second values are names.

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9. The system of claim 1 wherein the topic data store stores content of previously generated topic feeds and wherein the search component is configured to search the topic data store for relevant content of previously generated topic feeds that is relevant to the query.

10. The system of claim 9 wherein the search component is configured to return the relevant content to the user along with the search results from the search engine.

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1. In a speech analysis system for recognizing at least one predetermined keyword in an audio signal, each said keyword being characterized by a template having at least one target pattern and each target pattern representing at least one short-term power spectrum, an analysis method comprising the steps of forming a sequence of electrical signals repesenting a sequence of selected patterns, identifying electrical signals representing a candidate keyword when said sequence of selected patterns corresponds respectively to the sequence of target patterns of said keyword template, normalizing electrical signals representing the time duration spacings between selected patterns corresponding to said candidate word, and applying a prosodic test to said normalized time duration spacings, wherein said normalized time duration spacings for a candidate word must meet the timing criteria imposed by said prosodic test before said candidate word is accepted as a recognized keyboard.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said applying step comprises the steps of applying a likelihood statistic function to said normalized spacings and accepting said candidate word if the likelihood statistic exceeds a predetermined minimum threshold.

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7. The method of claim 6 , wherein transforming the execution tree for the semantic web query into an equivalent entity-oriented storage query plan further comprises identifying merged plan nodes having star-queries affected by spills.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein each merged plan node comprises a plurality of triple patterns and forms a star-query.

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3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electronic device is a computer, a server, or a work station.

1. A method being executed by a processor of an electronic device for supporting multiple languages in an image measurement program, the method comprising: recording detailed information in relation to a new language file added to a template file, wherein the template file is provided by the image measurement program and stored in an installation directory of the image measurement program in a storage device, and the template file is accessible and editable by authorized users of the image measurement program, and the detailed information comprises items provided by a user interface of the image measurement program and expressed in the new language; creating one or more executable files for the image measurement program according to the template file; in response that the image measurement program is started, adding the new language to a language selection menu of the user interface by executing the one or more executable files; and displaying all languages available to the image measurement program under the language selection menu of the user interface, and displaying all the items provided by the user interface in a user-selected language on a display device.

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1. A method, comprising: performing by a computer system a static analysis on a program having sources and sinks to track string flow from the sources to the sinks, comprising: for string variables in the program that begin at sources, computing by the computer system grammar of possible string values for each of the string variables; for methods in the program operating on any of the string variables, computing by the computer system grammar of string variables returned by the methods; determining by the computer system that one of the string variables reaches a sink that performs a security-sensitive operation; determining by the computer system that one of methods in a path from a source to the sink that performs the security-sensitive operation is one of a user-defined sanitizer or a user-defined validator; in response to the one of the string variables reaching the sink and to the one of the methods in the path being one of a user-defined sanitizer or a user-defined validator, comparing by the computer system current grammar of the one of the string variables with a policy corresponding to the security-sensitive operation and determining by the computer system based on the comparing whether the one of the user-defined sanitizer or the user-defined validator presents or does not present a possible security problem; and performing by the computer system a reporting operation based on the comparing, wherein performing the reporting operation further comprises reporting, in response to the comparing, whether the one of the user-defined sanitizer or the user-defined validator presents or does not present the possible security problem, wherein the performing the reporting operation further comprises declaring the sink safe with respect to the security-sensitive operation in response to the one of the user-defined sanitizer or the user-defined validator not presenting the possible security problem and outputting indicia indicating the one of the user-defined sanitizer or the user-defined validator appears safe, and wherein the performing the reporting operation further comprises declaring the sink unsafe with respect to the security-sensitive operation in response to the one of the user-defined sanitizer or the user-defined validator presenting the possible security problem and outputting indicia indicating the one of the user-defined sanitizer or the user-defined validator has a possible security problem.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the current grammar of the one string variable does not meet the policy, and the reporting operation declares that a potential security problem exists for the sink and the corresponding security-sensitive operation.

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1. A computer-implemented method for automated generation of web sites, the method comprising: (a) generating a plurality of web page templates and storing them in a template library on a content server; (b) establishing a network connection between the content server and a client; launching a site builder application on a client, the site builder application comprising a plurality of site builder wizards configured to receive and process site content data; (c) acquiring the web page templates from the template library and rendering them to a user via a first site builder wizard; (d) rendering to the user a web page design choices via a second site builder wizard; providing a third site builder wizard to a user for selecting a web page structure; presenting a user with a wizard for filling in a web page text and graphics; generating a preview of the web page and rendering it to the user; (e) sending the web page to a specialist for a usability assessment; and (f) publishing the web page upon completion of the usability assessment, wherein: the templates are generated based on keywords and weight coefficients of the keywords, and each set of the keywords provides a basic web page color scheme using a color scheme shift vector; and wherein the shift vector adjusts the web page color scheme on an element by element basis and adjusts a positioning of the elements on the web page based on the keywords and the weight coefficients.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the user is given a choice of languages for the web page.

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8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the selection actions are performed by previous users during a first time frame.

9. The computer-implemented method of claim 8 , wherein each rating score further depends at least in part on a second frequency with which selection actions are performed by previous users during a second time frame, the second time frame being more recent than the first time frame, and wherein the second frequency is given more weight than the first frequency.

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1. A method, in a data processing system comprising a processor and a memory, for identifying changes, within a corpus of information, to answers to questions provided within the corpus of information, the method comprising: configuring the data processing system to execute a corpus information source monitoring engine comprising question/answer mapping logic, answer change logic, and previous transaction update logic; executing the corpus information source monitoring engine in the data processing system; registering, by the question/answer mapping logic of the executing corpus information source monitoring engine, a mapping of a first question and a previously provided answer to the first question in a question/answer data structure; receiving, by the answer change logic of the executing corpus information source monitoring engine, a transaction referencing the previously provided answer and having an update to the previously provided answer, wherein the transaction is a user input specifically directed to supporting or refuting the previously provided answer being a correct answer for the first question; correlating, by the question/answer mapping logic, the transaction with the question answer data structure and updating the question/answer data structure at least by updating a measure of strength of the mapping of the first question to the previously provided answer based on the transaction; determining, by the logic of the corpus information source monitoring engine, whether the strength of the mapping of the first question to the previously provided answer has fallen equal to or below a predetermined threshold, at least based on a calculation of the strength of the mapping as a weighted numerical calculation comprising quantified factors corresponding to temporal characteristics of transactions referencing the previously provided answer; and propagating, by the previous transaction update logic of the executing corpus information source monitoring engine, a change to the previously provided answer throughout the corpus of information in response to the strength of the mapping of the first question falling equal to or below the predetermined threshold, wherein the receiving the transaction referencing the previously provided answer comprises receiving a transaction referencing a second question that has similar features to that of the first question, and wherein the change to the previously provided answer is a different answer from that of the previously provided answer being provided as an answer to the second question.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the propagating the change to the previously provided answer throughout the corpus of information further comprises sending a notification to one or more computing devices associated with users that viewed the previously provided answer, wherein the notification informs the users of the change to the previously provided answer.

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3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of identifying meta-data entities comprises the step of: iteratively identifying said meta-data entities during said process decomposition to capture a plurality of aspects of said process.

1. A method for service-oriented architecture (SOA) process decomposition and service modeling, wherein a meta-data model is a formalization of said SOA, comprising the steps of: identifying meta-data entities, attributes of said meta-data entities and relationships between stereotypes of said meta-data model; managing said meta-data model for creating, modifying and removing modeling artifacts; creating modeling templates from said meta-data model to facilitate addressing needs of industry-specific applications; and enabling value-added services from said modeling templates to provide capabilities comprising at least one of model validation, service discovery, service composition, service level agreement (SLA) management and industry-specific solution modeling.

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5. The one or more storage media of claim 1 , wherein the first sub-plan corresponds to a bitmap join.

1. One or more storage media storing instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, cause: in response to receiving a query, identifying an execution plan that comprises a plurality of sub-plans that includes a first sub-plan and a second sub-plan; wherein the first sub-plan comprises a first operation, of a first type, that can be performed during execution of the execution plan; wherein the second sub-plan comprises a second operation, of a second type that is different than the first type, that can be performed during execution of the execution plan; wherein no sub-plan in the plurality of sub-plans contains all operations that are required to generate a valid result of the query; wherein the execution plan comprises one or more operations that are not in the first sub-plan or the second sub-plan; after determining the execution plan, executing a portion of the execution plan, wherein executing the portion of the execution plan comprises storing, in a buffer associated with a particular size, temporary results of executing the portion, wherein the particular size is less than a size of a table from which the temporary results are generated; in response to determining that an amount of data in the buffer has reached the particular size, determining whether one or more criteria are satisfied; if the one or more criteria are satisfied, then executing the first sub-plan of the plurality of sub-plans without executing the second sub-plan; if the one or more criteria are not satisfied, then executing the second sub-plan of the plurality of sub-plans without executing the first sub-plan; generating a result of the query by completing execution of the execution plan and without reoptimizing the query.

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10. A method, implemented at a computer system that includes one or more processors, for annotating a graphical element, the method comprising: displaying one or more graphical elements at a user interface, the one or more graphical elements representing one or more anatomical structures; simultaneous to display of the one or more graphical elements, displaying a user-selectable annotation button that, when selected, enables specification one or more points of the one or more graphical elements for annotation; receiving user input selecting the annotation button; subsequent to receiving the user input selecting the annotation button, receiving user input specifying a particular point of the one or more graphical elements for entry of an annotation; subsequent to receiving the user input specifying the particular point of the one or more graphical elements for entry of an annotation, displaying an annotation dialogue that provides selection of a plurality of annotation options for annotating the specified particular point, the annotation dialogue being visually associated with the specified particular point of the one or more graphical elements, the annotation dialogue including: one or more highlighting options for visually emphasizing the specified particular point, including one or more of shapes or colors; and one or more comment input options for providing information relevant to the specified particular point, including one or more of text or audio input; receiving user input selecting one or more of the highlighting options and one or more of the comment input options; receiving user comment input that provides at least one comment corresponding to the user comment input; and displaying the one or more graphical elements along with the selected annotation, including the selected highlighting options and the inputted at least one comment.

18. The method of claim 10 , wherein displaying one or more graphical elements at the user interface comprises overlaying a virtual model over an image.

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13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the second layer stored first category mapping information mapping satisfaction categories to scores for the first type surveys and second category mapping information mapping satisfaction categories to scores for the second type surveys.

14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising: determining, by the at least one processor, a first satisfaction category for the first type Surveys based on the first category mapping information and the first overall satisfaction score, and a second satisfaction category for the second type surveys based on the second category mapping information and the second overall satisfaction score.

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10. A system comprising: a database storing a plurality of language identifiers; a processor in connection with said database, said processor configured to: receive a plurality of language indicators, wherein each of the plurality of language indicators is either user defined or system defined; determine languages available for a first application; compare the plurality of language indicators to the languages available for the first application; determine a most preferred language based upon the comparing of the plurality of language indicators to the languages available for the first application; and provide information from the first application to the user in the most preferred language.

11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of language indicators includes general language preferences of the user, the general language preferences comprising an ordered list of language preferences of the user.

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18. The computer program product of claim 15 , wherein the operations further comprise querying a web server to determine the one or more types of metadata.

15. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer readable medium encoding instructions that, in response to execution by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform operations comprising: receiving a request from a user to create a first event in a calendar; creating the first event in the calendar; associating one or more types of metadata with the user and the first event; aggregating the one or more types of metadata for the first event to create aggregated metadata; determining an action based on the aggregated metadata; executing the action in a second event subsequent to the first event; responsive to executing the action, receiving a feedback of the user on the second event; determining an effect of executing the action on a goal associated with the user based on the feedback of the user on the second event; responsive to determining the effect of executing the action, determining a suggestion for the user based on the effect of executing the action; and providing the suggestion to the user.

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29. A program storage device readable by a machine tangibly embodying a program of instructions executable by the machine to perform a method for accessing electronic records obtained from at least one electronic records database search, the method enabling users to select for retrieval at least one raw data set related to the electronic records, the device comprising: selecting one of a plurality of user input, stored electronic records search requests from a queued search database to execute next based upon one or more selection criteria; executing the selected electronic records search request and retrieving at least one electronic record from at least one storage location during the executing; determining which of two or more different types of communication medium can be used to access at least one of a plurality of electronic records databases associated with the selected one of the electronic records search request; retrieving instructions for accessing the at least one of a plurality of electronic records databases based on at least one of the determined types of communication medium which can be used to access the at least one of the plurality of electronic records databases; accessing the at least one of the plurality of electronic records databases with the retrieved instructions; retrieving at least one electronic record from at least one storage location, wherein the at least one electronic record comprises results of an executed electronic records search request, at least one criterion used in formulating the electronic records search request and data related to at least one electronic database associated with the electronic records search request; parsing the electronic records to convert one or more raw data sets into user-selectable objects; determining at least one data parsing algorithm that should be used for parsing the at least one retrieved electronic record based upon a content of the at least one retrieved electronic record; executing the parsing using the at least one determined data parsing algorithm; and causing the user-selectable objects to be displayed.

34. The device of claim 29 wherein the parsing is implemented by at least one data processing algorithm based substantially on artificial intelligence.

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14. An apparatus, comprising: an event extraction device, implemented at least partially by hardware, that extracts a set of accessed domain names from a set of events stored in a field-searchable data store; a domain name evaluation device, implemented at least partially by hardware, that identifies a respective registration time for each accessed domain name in the set of accessed domain names, wherein the respective registration time is indicative of when the accessed domain name was registered with a registrar; a registration time comparison device, implemented at least partially by hardware, that identifies a subset of accessed domain names in the set of accessed domain names for which the identified respective registration time of each accessed domain name in the subset is recent relative to times for other accessed domain names in the set of accessed domain names; a domain name access counter device, implemented at least partially by hardware, that determines, for each accessed domain name in the subset, an access count corresponding to how many times the set of events indicates that the accessed domain name in the subset was accessed; a display processor, implemented at least partially by hardware, that causes display of information relating to the access count corresponding to each accessed domain name in the subset.

18. The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the domain name evaluation device identifies a second subset of the set of accessed domain names, wherein a respective registration time for each accessed domain name in the second subset of accessed domain names is within a defined time period, and wherein the second subset includes at least two accessed domain names; wherein the domain name access counter device determines, for each accessed domain name in the second subset, a respective access count corresponding to how many times the set of events indicates that each accessed domain name in the second subset was accessed; and wherein the display processor causes display of simultaneous representations of the respective registration time and the respective access count for each accessed domain name in the second subset.

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6. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the node element, on the basis of which the first display of the navigation map is generated, takes place by selection of one or plural search terms by the user.

1. A method for user controlled multi-dimensional navigation of multimedia data, comprising: generating or extracting a multiplicity of node elements out of multimedia data to be registered, a node element comprising one or more extracted search terms, generated search terms or weighting terms that can be logically combined; determining a relevance index parameter for each multimedia data element to be registered for each paired combination of node elements and that is allocated to the respective pair of node elements; determining, in dependence on the relevance index parameters, one- or multi-dimensional distance factors, the absolute value of the corresponding distance factor becoming smaller with increasing relevance of two paired multimedia data elements with respect to one another; generating and graphically displaying, on the basis of at least one of the registered multimedia data elements or node elements, a topological navigation map in dependence on the respective one- or multi-dimensional distance factors; and wherein the topological navigation map is navigable through use of an input device to permit user access to at least one of desired multimedia data elements and node elements, wherein following user-specific selection of at least one of an initiating node element and multimedia data element and produced clusters of node elements and multimedia data elements, the topological navigation map is corrected in a perspective of at least three-dimensions with respect to at least one of the initiating node element and multimedia data element and clusters, and displayed accessible to the user, the topological navigation map displays a dynamic and moveable at least three-dimensional perspective for user navigation therethrough in order to respond in real-time by displaying changes in the distance factors of the relevance index parameters indicative of changes in said relevance of two paired multimedia data elements with respect to one another.

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1. A computer-implemented method of processing documents, comprising: receiving a document in a search engine crawler, the document having a first link tag embedded in the document, the first link tag including a location value and one or more information pairs that are distinct from the location value, wherein a respective information pair has a respective parameter and a corresponding parameter value; selecting a method of processing content, wherein the content is specified by the location value of the first link tag and the selected method of processing is in accordance with one or more of the one or more information pairs of the first link tag; retrieving the content specified by the location value of the first link tag; and processing the retrieved content specified by the first link tag in accordance with the selected method to add information to one or more databases used by a search engine.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein parameters in the one or more information pairs correspond to content at one or more content locations.

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1. A method for creating an annotation from a document comprising: searching a first electronic legal document to determine a first reference citation to a statute depicted in a second electronic legal document, wherein a plurality of content classifications has been identified for the first electronic legal document based on technical subject matter content, wherein the plurality of content classifications identify respective content portions of the first electronic document; determining, from the plurality of content classifications, a technical content classification that describes content of the first electronic legal document associated with the first reference to the statute; identifying a content portion of the first electronic legal document that includes the first reference citation to the statute; copying the identified content portion of the first electronic legal document; annotating the second electronic legal document with a plurality of annotations, wherein the plurality of annotations includes a first annotation that includes the determined content technical classification, wherein the plurality of annotations includes a second annotation that includes at least a part of the copied identified content portion, and wherein annotating the second electronic legal document further comprises including an interpretive note associated with the identified content portion; providing, by a computing device, a user interface that includes the the annotated second electronic legal document and an option to filter annotation content being displayed in the second electronic legal document.

6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining whether the first electronic legal document contains a valid legal theory and, in response to determining that the first electronic legal document does not contain the valid legal theory, removing the portion of the first electronic legal document from the plurality of annotations.

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10. The computer program product of claim 8 , further comprising: program instructions to receive location information associated with a destination; program instructions to retrieve social media data associated with the destination, based on a native language of a user; program instructions to extract a set of keywords associated with the destination; program instructions to translate the set of keywords associated with the destination to the native language; and program instructions to store the translated set of keywords associated with the destination, in a database.

11. The computer program product of claim 10 , further comprising: program instructions to retrieve, from the database, a set of keywords related to the native language of the user; program instructions to retrieve, from the database, a set of criteria associated with the set of keywords related to the native language of the user; and program instructions to calculate a navigation value for the set of keywords, wherein the navigation value is based in part on the native language of the user.

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5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4 , wherein said medical device includes a blood glucose meter, an oxymeter, a peak flow meter, a blood pressure gauge, a weight scale, and a pulse sensor.

4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein each device of said plurality of input devices includes a medical device.

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1. A method comprising: maintaining a profile for the user at a social networking system including a processor, the profile including one or more information items associated with data describing characteristics of the user; identifying one or more information items that have not been updated within a threshold amount of time from a current time from the maintained profile; obtaining a plurality of questions associated with the one or more identified information items at the social networking system; determining, for each of the plurality of questions associated with the one or more identified information items, a response probability based at least in part on one or a combination of a format and a content of the question, the response probability indicating a likelihood of the social networking system receiving a response to the question when presented; determining a data acquisition value for each of the one or more identified information items, the data acquisition value of an identified information item based at least in part on a value to the social networking system of data associated with the identified information item and the determined response probability; selecting a particular identified information item from the one or more identified information items by the social networking system based at least in part on the data acquisition values; and selecting, by the social networking system, a question associated with the particular identified information item for presentation to the user based at least in part on the response probabilities of one or more questions associated with the particular identified information item.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the format of the question comprises a series of phrases.

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17. A method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising: identifying a second complementary document associated with a second document; generating a list of hypotheses mapping the second document to the second complementary document using: textual information from the second document, textual information from the second complementary document, and predefined business rules; determining a validity of the second document based on the hypotheses; and outputting an indication of the determined validity of the second document.

1. A method, comprising: performing optical character recognition (OCR) on an image of a first document; generating a list of hypotheses mapping the first document to a complementary document using: textual information from the first document, textual information from the complementary document, and predefined business rules; at least one of: correcting OCR errors in the first document, and normalizing data from the complementary document, using at least one of the textual information from the complementary document and the predefined business rules; determining a validity of the first document based on the hypotheses; and outputting an indication of the determined validity.

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9. The computer program product of claim 8 wherein the information handling system performs additional actions comprising: storing the one or more schema terms in a schema terms dictionary; providing the one or more schema terms stored in the schema terms dictionary to a user; receiving one or more schema term selections from the user that selects one or more of the schema terms; and including the selected schema terms in the query during the creation of the query.

10. The computer program product of claim 9 wherein the one or more storage areas are accessible to the user for analytical processing.

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6. The method of claim 1 wherein the metadata delimits the start and the end of each video program segment based on a one or more user profiles indicating the viewing habits of one or more users.

1. A method for selectively displaying video programming, comprising the steps of: automatically generating metadata that delimits a start and an end of each video program segment in a set of video program segments within at least one video programming sequence, wherein each video program segment is associated with an access key, each access key operable to identify the video program segment and corresponding metadata, wherein the access key comprises a uniform resource locator; incorporating manual adjustments to the start and end of at least one of the video program segments; accessing, over a network, additional manual adjustments to the start and end of the at least one of the video program segments; in response to a determination that the additional manual adjustments create an improved version of the at least one of the video program segments, updating the metadata of the at least one of the video program segments to include the additional manual adjustments; reproducing the set of segments on a display device in an ordered sequence specified by a playlist, in the absence of an intervening control command from a viewer; displaying a segment guide listing on the display device, the segment guide listing containing, for each segment of the set, a text description corresponding to the respective segment, with the text description corresponding to the segment currently being reproduced being visually identified on said guide listing; receiving an indication that the viewer has selected a text description of the segment guide listing, the selected text description describing a desired segment of the set of segments; and retrieving the desired segment using segment identification information corresponding to the desired segment for reproducing on the display device the desired segment.

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1. A computer-implemented method of enabling access control, the method comprising: automatically defining an access control statement, for determining authorization request validity using an authorization control engine for an asset, the access control statement comprising a first portion comprising one or more of a structural expression, and a conditional expression wherein the structural expression declares fixed relationships of the asset and a second portion comprising one or more of a classification expression comprising ontology expressions; and evaluating the first portion separately but simultaneously with the classification expression in the second portion of the access control statement, wherein the second portion uses an ontology engine.

10. The computer implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the access control statement is defined using an XML Path Language (XPath).