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atoms

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[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"electron\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A atomic particle that has a negative charge" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"neutron\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An atomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"proton\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An atomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"compound\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"element\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A pure substance made of only one kind of atom" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"coefficient\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A number in front of a chemical formula in an equation that indicates how many molecules or atoms of each reactant and product are involved in a reaction." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"subscript\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A number in a chemical formula, slightly below the others, that tells the number of atoms in a molecule or the ratio of elements in a compound" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"molecule\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A group of atoms bonded together" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"atomic mass\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Number of protons and neutrons" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"isotope\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An atom with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which statement best explains why the overall charge on an atom is zero?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The positive charge of the protons in the nucleus equals the negative charge in the electron cloud." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which argument best explains the charge of an atomic nucleus?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An atomic nucleus is positively charged because it is composed of protons." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is the mass of a neutron?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "1 amu" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What do an electron and a neutron have in common?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Each particle exists inside an atom" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What value is closest to the mass of the atom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "10 amu" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "How does an atom change if all of its electrons are removed?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The atom becomes positively charged." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which statement describes an atomic nucleus?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An atomic nucleus contains most of the atom's mass." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which is a characteristic of the part of the atom marked \"A\"?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "It is very dense." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which is a characteristic of the part of the atom marked \"B\"?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "It is negatively charged." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is most likely true of an atom with a mass of 15 amu" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The total number of protons and neutrons is 15." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Roberto creates an animation titled \"Flying through an Atom.\" The animation makes it seem as if the viewer passes all the way through an atom, starting from one side, then through the atom's center, and then leaving through the other side.\\n\\nWhat is the best description of the order of events in the animation?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The viewer travels through the electron cloud, then the nucleus, and then the electron cloud again." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "The Venn diagram compares protons with neutrons. Which shared property belongs in the region marked \"B\"?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Has mass of 1 amu" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What are the two parts of an atom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "the nucleus and the electron cloud" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"atom\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "smallest unit of matter" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What makes one atom different from all other atoms?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "# of protons" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "How do you identify the # of protons in an atom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Atomic #" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "How do u calculate the # of neutrons in the atom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Atomic mass - atomic # = # of neutrons \\n\\nALWAYS ROUND!" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is an atom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The smallest part of all matter with an identity/unique properties." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What charge do protons have?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Positive" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What charge do neutrons have?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Neutral" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What charge do electrons have?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Negative" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is the size of a proton?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Large. About the same size as neutrons" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is the size of a neutron?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Large. About the same size of a proton." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is the size of an electron?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Tiny. Almost 1/2000th the size of protons and neutrons." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Where are protons and neutrons located?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The nucleus" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Where are electrons located?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Electron clouds" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"solid\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Definite shape and volume" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"liquid\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"gas\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A state of matter with no definite shape or volume" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is the significance of the periodic table of elements? (Use Picture A)" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "It predicts and lists all the chemical elements in the universe." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What do electrons in the same shell have in common?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "They have the same amount of energy." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which of the following is an example of a subatomic particle?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Electron" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What might happen if the strong force didn't exist?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Atomic nuclei would fly apart." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What two types of particles exist within an atomic nucleus? (Use Picture B)" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Protons and neutrons" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. What can you conclude from this fact?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An atom of oxygen has 8 protons." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "The work \"atom\" comes from a Greek word for \"indivisible.\" In what way are atoms indivisible?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "They cannot be broken apart without losing their chemical properties." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "How are molecules different from atoms?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "They consist of several atoms bonded together." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What can you conclude from the fact that electrons orbit far away from atomic nuclei?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Atoms are comprised mostly of empty space." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "In the following diagram, what does the number 12 represent? (Use picture C)" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An atomic mass" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "The model of the atom has changed as scientists have gathered new evidence. Four models of the atom are shown below, but one important model is missing. Which atomic model is missing from this set?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Dalton's model" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Scientists have changed the model of the atom as they have gathered new evidence. One of the atomic models is shown below. What experimental evidence led scientists to change from the previous model to this one?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What new characteristic did John Dalton add to the model of the atom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An atom can join with other kinds of atoms." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Scientists have changed the model of the atom as they have gathered new evidence. One of the atomic models is shown below. What experimental evidence led to the development of this atomic model from the one before it?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Scientists have changed the model of the atom as they have gathered new evidence. One of the atomic models is shown below.\\nWhat experimental evidence led to the development of this atomic model from the one before it?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Cathode rays were bent in the same way whenever a magnet was brought near them." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Why did Thomson's results from experimenting with cathode rays cause a big change in scientific thought about atoms?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "His results gave the first evidence that atoms were made up of smaller particles." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A cathode ray tube is made of glass with a small amount of some kind of gas in it. It has metal electrodes at each end to pick up pick up an electric current. The electrodes are named \"positive\" and \"negative,\" which were words used by Benjamin Franklin in the 1700s to describe electricity. A bright ray forms in the gas when an electric current is applied to metal electrodes. In the 1800s, an important scientist suspected that the negatively charged particles in a cathode ray were present in all atoms.\\n\\nWhat procedure would allow that scientist to investigate this idea?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "making cathode ray tubes out of different materials to see if the ray is the same" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "The modern model of the atom describes electrons in a little less specific detail than earlier models did. Why is it that being less sure about the placement of electrons in an atom is actually an improvement over earlier models?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Electrons do not follow specific paths, so describing the area where an electron is likely to be is more scientifically accurate." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Who described atoms as small spheres that could not be divided into anything smaller?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Dalton" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What did Rutherford's model of the atom include that Thomson's model did not have?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "a nucleus" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Oppositely charged objects attract each other. This attraction holds electrons in atoms and holds atoms to one another in many compounds. However, Ernest Rutherford's model of the atom failed to explain why electrons were not pulled into the atomic nucleus by this attraction.\\n\\nWhat change to the atomic model helped solve the problem seen in Rutherford's model?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Bohr's work with atomic spectra led him to say that the electrons were limited to existing in certain energy levels, like standing on the rungs of a ladder." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What did Bohr's model of the atom include that Rutherford's model did not have?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "energy levels" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "the charged particles in the beams that Thomson studied came from atoms. As these particles moved away from their original atoms, they formed a visible beam. The current model of the atom includes protons, neutrons, and electrons.\\n\\nWhat is the best use of an atomic model to explain the charge of the particles in Thomson's beams?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An atom's smaller negative particles are at a distance from the central positive particles, so the negative particles are easier to remove." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which statements describe Rutherford's model of the atom? Select all that apply." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The atom is mostly empty space.\\nElectrons orbit around the center of the atom.\\nThe atom's positive charge is located in the atom's nucleus." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which statements belong to Dalton's atomic theory? Select all that apply." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Atoms cannot be created or destroyed.\\nAtoms cannot be broken down into smaller pieces.\\nAll atoms of an element are identical.\\nChemical reactions cause atoms to be rearranged." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"ion\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An atom that has an electrical charge because it has gained or lost electrons. \\n\\nAn atom with more protons than electrons is a positively charged ion.\\n\\nAn atom with more electrons than protons is a negatively charge ion." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "The Venn diagram compares protons with electrons. Which shared property belongs in the region marked \"B\"?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Is electrically charged" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is the main difference between protons and neutrons?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Protons have an electrical charge, but neutrons have no charge." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What best explains how they should complete the table?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "with \"Outside of the nucleus,\" because the particle is an electron" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Based on the information shown, which statement about the subatomic particle must be correct?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Its location is in the nucleus, because the particle is a proton or a neutron." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is most likely true of an atom with a mass of 15 amu?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The total number of protons (and neutrons) is 15." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What major contribution did Rutherford provided to the Atomic Theory?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Discovered that atoms have a positive charge in the core and negative charges outside the core.\\nAtoms are mostly made of space." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Who conducted the gold foil experiment?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Ernest Rutherford" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What major contribution did Thomson make to the Atomic Theory?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Discovered that atoms can be split into smaller particles (protons and electrons)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Who made the plum pudding model of an atom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "J.J Thomson" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the plum pudding model show?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An atom is a ball of positively charged material with negatively charged particles floating around inside." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What did Lavoiser contribute toward the Atomic Theory?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Proposed the Law of Conservation of Matter\\nCreated the metric system" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the Law of Conservation of Matter State?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Matter cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be converted into other matter." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What was Dalton's contribution to the Atomic Theory?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Atoms of the same element are exactly alike.\\nAtoms of different elements are different.\\nAtoms can join with other atoms to make new substances." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What was Bohr's contribution to the Atomic Theory?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Electrons travel around the nucleus of an atom in definite paths.\\nElectrons can jump from one energy level (path) to another." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What was Schrodinger's contribution to the Atomic Theory?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The exact location of an electron cannot be found.\\nElectrons travel in electron clouds which represent where the electron is most likely to be found." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What was Chadwick's contribution to the Atomic Theory?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Discovered the existence of neutrons.\\nHe found that the atomic mass of most elements is double the number of protons for one atom of that element." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the Bohr model look like?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Similar to a model of the solar system.\\nThe nucleus (with protons) is in the center.\\nElectrons orbit the nucleus in different levels." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "How many electrons can travel in each orbit (level) of an atom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "First level (K) = 2\\nSecond level (L) = 8\\nThird level (M) = 8\\nFourth level (N) = 18\\nFifth level (O) = 18\\nSixth level (P) = 32\\nSeventh level (Q) = 32" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is the Atomic Number equal to?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The number of Protons" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "How do you calculate the number of Neutrons?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Atomic Mass - Atomic Number = # of Neutrons" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "How do you determine the number of electrons in an uncharged atom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Protons = Electrons" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What was done in the gold foil experiment?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A beam of positively charged particles was aimed at a piece of gold foil.\\nMost of the light passed through the foil in a straight line.\\nMany particles bounced off the foil in different directions." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What are protons?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Positively charged particles" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What are electrons?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Negatively charged particles" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What are neutrons?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Neutral charged particles" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Where are the protons and neutrons located in an atom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The nucleus" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is all matter made of" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Atoms" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which of the following statements is true about the atoms of any element?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "They have protons that are identical to the protons of all other elements." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Jerome is learning how the model of the atom has changed over time as new evidence was gathered. He has images of four models of the atom, but they are not in the correct order. In what order should Jerome put these models to show the development from the earliest model of the atom to the most recent one?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Y, X, Z, W" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What does the term \"volume\" mean?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The amount of space an object takes up" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What information is necessary to determine the atomic mass of the element chlorine?\\nA) the atomic mass of each artificially produced isotope of chlorine only\\nB) the atomic mass and the relative abundance of each naturally occurring isotope of chlorine" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "the atomic mass and the relative abundance of each naturally occurring isotope of chlorine" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which subatomic particles each have a mass of approximately 1 u?\\nA) proton and electron\\nB) proton and neutron" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "proton and neutron" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which statement describes the charge and location of an electron in an atom?\\nA) An electron has a negative charge and is located outside the nucleus \\nB) An electron has a positive charge and is located outside the nucleus" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "An electron has a negative charge and is located outside the nucleus" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which statement describes the location of protons and neutrons in an atom of helium?\\nA) protons and neutrons are in the nucleus \\nB) protons and neutrons are outside the nucleus" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "protons and neutrons are in the nucleus" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Which phrase describes an Al atom?\\nA) A negatively charged nucleus, surrounded by negatively charged electrons\\nB) A positively charged nucleus, surrounded by negatively charged electrons" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A positively charged nucleus, surrounded by negatively charged electrons" } ]