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What is a genome-wide association study (GWAS)?

In genomics, a genome-wide association study (GWA study, or GWAS), is an observational study of a genome-wide set of genetic variants in different individuals to see if any variant is associated with a trait. GWA studies typically focus on associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and traits like major human diseases, but can equally be applied to any other genetic variants and any other organisms. When applied to human data, GWA studies compare the DNA of participants having varying phenotypes for a particular trait or disease. These participants may be people with a disease (cases) and similar people without the disease (controls), or they may be people with different phenotypes for a particular trait, for example blood pressure. This approach is known as phenotype-first, in which the participants are classified first by their clinical manifestation(s), as opposed to genotype-first. Each person gives a sample of DNA, from which millions of genetic variants are read using SNP arrays. If there is significant statistical evidence that one type of the variant (one allele) is more frequent in people with the disease, the variant is said to be associated with the disease. The associated SNPs are then considered to mark a region of the human genome that may influence the risk of disease. GWA studies investigate the entire genome, in contrast to methods that specifically test a small number of pre-specified genetic regions. Hence, GWAS is a non-candidate-driven approach, in contrast to gene-specific candidate-driven studies. GWA studies identify SNPs and other variants in DNA associated with a disease, but they cannot on their own specify which genes are causal. The first successful GWAS published in 2002 studied myocardial infarction. This study design was then implemented in the landmark GWA 2005 study investigating patients with age-related macular degeneration, and found two SNPs with significantly altered allele frequency compared to healthy controls. As of 2017, over 3,000 human GWA studies have examined over 1,800 diseases and traits, and thousands of SNP associations have been found. Except in the case of rare genetic diseases, these associations are very weak, but while they may not explain much of the risk, they provide insight into genes and pathways that can be important.

open_qa

Instruction: What is a genome-wide association study (GWAS)? Context: Response: In genomics, a genome-wide association study (GWA study, or GWAS), is an observational study of a genome-wide set of genetic variants in different individuals to see if any variant is associated with a trait. GWA studies typically focus on associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and traits like major human diseases, but can equally be applied to any other genetic variants and any other organisms. When applied to human data, GWA studies compare the DNA of participants having varying phenotypes for a particular trait or disease. These participants may be people with a disease (cases) and similar people without the disease (controls), or they may be people with different phenotypes for a particular trait, for example blood pressure. This approach is known as phenotype-first, in which the participants are classified first by their clinical manifestation(s), as opposed to genotype-first. Each person gives a sample of DNA, from which millions of genetic variants are read using SNP arrays. If there is significant statistical evidence that one type of the variant (one allele) is more frequent in people with the disease, the variant is said to be associated with the disease. The associated SNPs are then considered to mark a region of the human genome that may influence the risk of disease. GWA studies investigate the entire genome, in contrast to methods that specifically test a small number of pre-specified genetic regions. Hence, GWAS is a non-candidate-driven approach, in contrast to gene-specific candidate-driven studies. GWA studies identify SNPs and other variants in DNA associated with a disease, but they cannot on their own specify which genes are causal. The first successful GWAS published in 2002 studied myocardial infarction. This study design was then implemented in the landmark GWA 2005 study investigating patients with age-related macular degeneration, and found two SNPs with significantly altered allele frequency compared to healthy controls. As of 2017, over 3,000 human GWA studies have examined over 1,800 diseases and traits, and thousands of SNP associations have been found. Except in the case of rare genetic diseases, these associations are very weak, but while they may not explain much of the risk, they provide insight into genes and pathways that can be important.

Given this paragraph about e-readers, what is the e-reader designed and marketed by Amazon?

Amazon Kindle is a series of e-readers designed and marketed by Amazon. Amazon Kindle devices enable users to browse, buy, download, and read e-books, newspapers, magazines and other digital media via wireless networking to the Kindle Store. The hardware platform, which Amazon subsidiary Lab126 developed, began as a single device in 2007. Currently, it comprises a range of devices, including e-readers with E Ink electronic paper displays and Kindle applications on all major computing platforms. All Kindle devices integrate with Windows and macOS file systems and Kindle Store content and, as of March 2018, the store had over six million e-books available in the United States.

Amazon Kindle

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Instruction: Given this paragraph about e-readers, what is the e-reader designed and marketed by Amazon? Context: Amazon Kindle is a series of e-readers designed and marketed by Amazon. Amazon Kindle devices enable users to browse, buy, download, and read e-books, newspapers, magazines and other digital media via wireless networking to the Kindle Store. The hardware platform, which Amazon subsidiary Lab126 developed, began as a single device in 2007. Currently, it comprises a range of devices, including e-readers with E Ink electronic paper displays and Kindle applications on all major computing platforms. All Kindle devices integrate with Windows and macOS file systems and Kindle Store content and, as of March 2018, the store had over six million e-books available in the United States. Response: Amazon Kindle

What was special about the 2021 Formula 1 World Championship?

The 2021 Formula 1 World Championship came down to the final race of the 2021 season in Abu Dhabi. Seven-time world champion, Lewis Hamilton and Max Versteppen were tied in drivers' points, with this race being the deciding factor of who would be crowned champion. Ultimately, the 2021 Formula 1 World Championship was won by Dutch driver, Max Verstappen. This was his first Driver's Championship title. What makes this particular championship special, or controversial (depending on who you ask), is that the race director, Michael Masi, misinterpreted the regulations regarding a late safety car restart. Masi called the safety car back into the pit lane without it having completed an additional lap as required by the Formula 1 Sporting Regulations (Article 48.12). By not heeding these regulations, all lapped cars were not able to unlap themselves which resulted in Max Verstappen being in a position to easily overtake Lewis Hamilton for the win.

open_qa

Instruction: What was special about the 2021 Formula 1 World Championship? Context: Response: The 2021 Formula 1 World Championship came down to the final race of the 2021 season in Abu Dhabi. Seven-time world champion, Lewis Hamilton and Max Versteppen were tied in drivers' points, with this race being the deciding factor of who would be crowned champion. Ultimately, the 2021 Formula 1 World Championship was won by Dutch driver, Max Verstappen. This was his first Driver's Championship title. What makes this particular championship special, or controversial (depending on who you ask), is that the race director, Michael Masi, misinterpreted the regulations regarding a late safety car restart. Masi called the safety car back into the pit lane without it having completed an additional lap as required by the Formula 1 Sporting Regulations (Article 48.12). By not heeding these regulations, all lapped cars were not able to unlap themselves which resulted in Max Verstappen being in a position to easily overtake Lewis Hamilton for the win.

What is the largest pollutant?

Carbon dioxide (CO2) - a greenhouse gas emitted by burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and other human activities that contribute to climate change. Particulate matter - tiny particles of pollutants such as dust, smoke, and soot that can be inhaled and cause respiratory problems. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) - gases emitted by vehicle exhausts and industrial processes that contribute to air pollution and can also react with other pollutants to form ozone. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) - a gas emitted by burning fossil fuels and industrial processes that can cause respiratory problems and acid rain. Methane (CH4) - a potent greenhouse gas emitted by agriculture, waste management, and natural gas production. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) - chemicals used in refrigeration, air conditioning, and industrial processes that contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer.

general_qa

Instruction: What is the largest pollutant? Context: Response: Carbon dioxide (CO2) - a greenhouse gas emitted by burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and other human activities that contribute to climate change. Particulate matter - tiny particles of pollutants such as dust, smoke, and soot that can be inhaled and cause respiratory problems. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) - gases emitted by vehicle exhausts and industrial processes that contribute to air pollution and can also react with other pollutants to form ozone. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) - a gas emitted by burning fossil fuels and industrial processes that can cause respiratory problems and acid rain. Methane (CH4) - a potent greenhouse gas emitted by agriculture, waste management, and natural gas production. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) - chemicals used in refrigeration, air conditioning, and industrial processes that contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer.

Give me a bulleted list of the seven more recent Indian Prime Ministers

- Narendra Modi (2014– ) - Manmohan Singh (2004–14) - Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1998–2004; 2nd time) - Inder K. Gujral (1997–98) - H.D. Deve Gowda (1996–97) - Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1996; 1st time) - P.V. Narasimha Rao (1991–96)

brainstorming

Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the seven more recent Indian Prime Ministers Context: Response: - Narendra Modi (2014– ) - Manmohan Singh (2004–14) - Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1998–2004; 2nd time) - Inder K. Gujral (1997–98) - H.D. Deve Gowda (1996–97) - Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1996; 1st time) - P.V. Narasimha Rao (1991–96)

What is the Tesla Model Y Charging Speed?

The Tesla Model Y's battery size is 82 kWh. This is larger than the average EV's battery size. The Model Y has a max AC charging speed of 11 kW and a max DC charging speed of 210 kW. 210 kW is much higher than most chargers can go in the UK, which means you'll be able to charge your EV as fast as possible at most charging points. If you're able to find an EV that can charge up to 210 kW, it will take 24 minutes to fully charge your EV from 0 - 100%, although you shouldn't charge your EV fully too regularly or let it get down to 0% as this can damage your battery life.

open_qa

Instruction: What is the Tesla Model Y Charging Speed? Context: Response: The Tesla Model Y's battery size is 82 kWh. This is larger than the average EV's battery size. The Model Y has a max AC charging speed of 11 kW and a max DC charging speed of 210 kW. 210 kW is much higher than most chargers can go in the UK, which means you'll be able to charge your EV as fast as possible at most charging points. If you're able to find an EV that can charge up to 210 kW, it will take 24 minutes to fully charge your EV from 0 - 100%, although you shouldn't charge your EV fully too regularly or let it get down to 0% as this can damage your battery life.

Whats the difference between a bass guitar and a regular guitar?

There are a few significant differences between a bass guitar and a regular guitar. A bass guitar typically has 4 strings (though it can have more), is larger in body & neck, and has higher string gauges (string thickness). A bass guitar is used for keeping the band on track by keeping the rhythm and hitting the root notes of the chords. A regular guitar typically has 6 strings, and can be used for a wider variety of purposes. These include keeping the rhythm with chords, playing foundational riffs, or improvisational solos for instrumental layering. The regular guitarists are almost always the more well-known of the two.

open_qa

Instruction: Whats the difference between a bass guitar and a regular guitar? Context: Response: There are a few significant differences between a bass guitar and a regular guitar. A bass guitar typically has 4 strings (though it can have more), is larger in body & neck, and has higher string gauges (string thickness). A bass guitar is used for keeping the band on track by keeping the rhythm and hitting the root notes of the chords. A regular guitar typically has 6 strings, and can be used for a wider variety of purposes. These include keeping the rhythm with chords, playing foundational riffs, or improvisational solos for instrumental layering. The regular guitarists are almost always the more well-known of the two.

Who is the greatest basketball player of all time?

This is a highly subjective topic and hotly debated. Most basketball experts would agree that a player who has acquired the most NBA championships should be on the list. Bill Russell, with 12 championships, has to be in the conversation. LeBron James is the all time scoring leader and has had one of the longest NBA careers to go along with 4 titles. Kobe Bryant at 5 titles is also on the list. But the most dominant player of his era in the 1990's, winning 6 titles in 6 attempts, was Michael Jordan. Michael Jordan was considered one of the best two way players, excelling at both defense and offense. So while some might not agree, Michael Jordan is always in the conversation for best NBA player of all time.

open_qa

Instruction: Who is the greatest basketball player of all time? Context: Response: This is a highly subjective topic and hotly debated. Most basketball experts would agree that a player who has acquired the most NBA championships should be on the list. Bill Russell, with 12 championships, has to be in the conversation. LeBron James is the all time scoring leader and has had one of the longest NBA careers to go along with 4 titles. Kobe Bryant at 5 titles is also on the list. But the most dominant player of his era in the 1990's, winning 6 titles in 6 attempts, was Michael Jordan. Michael Jordan was considered one of the best two way players, excelling at both defense and offense. So while some might not agree, Michael Jordan is always in the conversation for best NBA player of all time.

What are the words of House Fowler?

"Let Me Soar"

open_qa

Instruction: What are the words of House Fowler? Context: Response: "Let Me Soar"

How many planets make up the Solar System?

There are 8 planets in the solar system. Mercury is the smallest and closest to the Sun. Venus is the second closest to the Sun. Earth, our home planet, is the third planet closest to the Sun followed by Mars. After the asteroid belt is Jupiter, the fifth and biggest planet in the Solar System. Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are the last planets in the Solar System. Originally the Solar System was said to have 9 planets until 2006 when the term "planet" was redefined to exclude "dwarf planets". This results in the exclusion of the ninth and farthest away planet, Pluto, reducing the count of planets in the Solar System to current count of 8.

general_qa

Instruction: How many planets make up the Solar System? Context: Response: There are 8 planets in the solar system. Mercury is the smallest and closest to the Sun. Venus is the second closest to the Sun. Earth, our home planet, is the third planet closest to the Sun followed by Mars. After the asteroid belt is Jupiter, the fifth and biggest planet in the Solar System. Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are the last planets in the Solar System. Originally the Solar System was said to have 9 planets until 2006 when the term "planet" was redefined to exclude "dwarf planets". This results in the exclusion of the ninth and farthest away planet, Pluto, reducing the count of planets in the Solar System to current count of 8.

Extract all of the dates mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Date} - {Description}

Daniel Leavitt was born November 16, 1813, at Rye, New Hampshire, the son of Benning Leavitt, influential businessman, state senator, county commissioner and later Chicopee Selectman, and his wife Olive (Jenness) Leavitt. Daniel Leavitt married in 1838 at West Springfield, Massachusetts, Ruth Jeannette Ball. They had three children.

• November 16, 1813 - This is when Daniel Leavitt was born • 1838 - This is when Daniel Leavitt married his wife Ruth Jeannette Ball.

information_extraction

Instruction: Extract all of the dates mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Date} - {Description} Context: Daniel Leavitt was born November 16, 1813, at Rye, New Hampshire, the son of Benning Leavitt, influential businessman, state senator, county commissioner and later Chicopee Selectman, and his wife Olive (Jenness) Leavitt. Daniel Leavitt married in 1838 at West Springfield, Massachusetts, Ruth Jeannette Ball. They had three children. Response: • November 16, 1813 - This is when Daniel Leavitt was born • 1838 - This is when Daniel Leavitt married his wife Ruth Jeannette Ball.

What is a DAW?

DAW is an acronym for Digital Audio Workstation. A DAW can either be a specialized digital hardware device (or multiple devices), or more commonly a software application, a computer, an audio interface and/or midi (musical instrument digital interface), all combined to enable digital recording, sampling, editing, mixing, and mastering of audio content. Software based DAWs come in many forms. Most are created to emulate the workflow of a traditional analog multi-track recording environment. However some DAWs are created to cater to the needs of electronic music creators, video content producers, and live performers. Once the domain of highly trained professionals who invested hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of dollars on expensive analog equipment to outfit large studios, high quality, grammy award winning audio content has been produced with modern equipment costing a few hundred dollars, connected to a laptop within a small bedroom studio in a content creator's home.

open_qa

Instruction: What is a DAW? Context: Response: DAW is an acronym for Digital Audio Workstation. A DAW can either be a specialized digital hardware device (or multiple devices), or more commonly a software application, a computer, an audio interface and/or midi (musical instrument digital interface), all combined to enable digital recording, sampling, editing, mixing, and mastering of audio content. Software based DAWs come in many forms. Most are created to emulate the workflow of a traditional analog multi-track recording environment. However some DAWs are created to cater to the needs of electronic music creators, video content producers, and live performers. Once the domain of highly trained professionals who invested hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of dollars on expensive analog equipment to outfit large studios, high quality, grammy award winning audio content has been produced with modern equipment costing a few hundred dollars, connected to a laptop within a small bedroom studio in a content creator's home.

2021 Nobel Prize was awarded to which all Journalists

Maria Ressa of Philippines & Dmitry Muratov of Russia

open_qa

Instruction: 2021 Nobel Prize was awarded to which all Journalists Context: Response: Maria Ressa of Philippines & Dmitry Muratov of Russia

How is the game "ultimate frisbee" different from "frisbee golf"?

These two games are both played with a frisbee (or "disc"), which is a plastic disc that people throw through the air like a ball. The difference is that ultimate frisbee is a team sport that combines several of the rules of football, basketball and soccer. Like football, a team takes possession of the frisbee and tries to move it down field and into an end zone. Like basketball, once you are in possession of the frisbee, you cannot move your pivot foot. However, there is no "dribbling" with a frisbee so if a player has possession of the frisbee outside of their end zone, they have to pass it before they can move their pivot foot. Ultimate frisbee is played on a soccer field and the player movement looks most like that sport. Frisbee golf, on the other hand, follows the rules of golf, except that the player throws a frisbee to the hole instead of hitting a ball with clubs. Some people play the sport on dedicated frisbee golf courses, using a set of specialized discs of various weights and carrying them in a bag from hole to hole like a golfer would do with their set of clubs. Others simply take a standard 175-gram frisbee and make up a course as they go. For example, two players might point to a tree on the other side of a park and compete by seeing who can hit the tree with a frisbee in the fewest consecutive attempts.

general_qa

Instruction: How is the game "ultimate frisbee" different from "frisbee golf"? Context: Response: These two games are both played with a frisbee (or "disc"), which is a plastic disc that people throw through the air like a ball. The difference is that ultimate frisbee is a team sport that combines several of the rules of football, basketball and soccer. Like football, a team takes possession of the frisbee and tries to move it down field and into an end zone. Like basketball, once you are in possession of the frisbee, you cannot move your pivot foot. However, there is no "dribbling" with a frisbee so if a player has possession of the frisbee outside of their end zone, they have to pass it before they can move their pivot foot. Ultimate frisbee is played on a soccer field and the player movement looks most like that sport. Frisbee golf, on the other hand, follows the rules of golf, except that the player throws a frisbee to the hole instead of hitting a ball with clubs. Some people play the sport on dedicated frisbee golf courses, using a set of specialized discs of various weights and carrying them in a bag from hole to hole like a golfer would do with their set of clubs. Others simply take a standard 175-gram frisbee and make up a course as they go. For example, two players might point to a tree on the other side of a park and compete by seeing who can hit the tree with a frisbee in the fewest consecutive attempts.

Tell me about plant life cycle

Like any living being, a plant is programmed for its specie to last over generations. With winter coming, the plant will generate seeds, what is called « fructification ». These seeds are basically a strong capsule containing the plant’s genetic material and enough energy for the germ to grow the first leaf which will start photosynthesis. The energy contained in the seed is stabilised under the form of starch. It is basically a long chain of sugar polymerised. During winter, the seed hibernate, but when spring comes, specific weather conditions (humidity, temperature) degrade the starch and release elementary sugar molecules for the new growing plant to create its first leaf. Chlorophyll contained in leaves will enable the plant to produce its own energy; glucose sugar, from carbon dioxyde, water and light, and continue to grow, until the next cycle. There is a bit of magic with plants: creating oxygen and energy from air and sun!

general_qa

Instruction: Tell me about plant life cycle Context: Response: Like any living being, a plant is programmed for its specie to last over generations. With winter coming, the plant will generate seeds, what is called « fructification ». These seeds are basically a strong capsule containing the plant’s genetic material and enough energy for the germ to grow the first leaf which will start photosynthesis. The energy contained in the seed is stabilised under the form of starch. It is basically a long chain of sugar polymerised. During winter, the seed hibernate, but when spring comes, specific weather conditions (humidity, temperature) degrade the starch and release elementary sugar molecules for the new growing plant to create its first leaf. Chlorophyll contained in leaves will enable the plant to produce its own energy; glucose sugar, from carbon dioxyde, water and light, and continue to grow, until the next cycle. There is a bit of magic with plants: creating oxygen and energy from air and sun!

What could you do on a Sunday?

Most people do not work on Sundays, so they are free to pursue leisure activities to relax and recharge. To some people this may mean pursuing a hobby or a sport. Others may see friends or family. Unfortunately, Sundays may not be entirely free of unenjoyable chores such doing the laundry or cleaning the house.

general_qa

Instruction: What could you do on a Sunday? Context: Response: Most people do not work on Sundays, so they are free to pursue leisure activities to relax and recharge. To some people this may mean pursuing a hobby or a sport. Others may see friends or family. Unfortunately, Sundays may not be entirely free of unenjoyable chores such doing the laundry or cleaning the house.

Write a monologue describing a young woman’s journey to self-actualization in America.

A young woman in America may feel a strong connection to her ancestors before her who fought tirelessly for the 19th Amendment to be added to the U.S. Constitution, protecting her right to vote, among many of the rights and liberties she enjoys today. She realizes that it’s because of them she can dream of a world of opportunities for herself beyond being a mother. A young, attractive woman in America will devote herself to proving she is more than a pretty face. Driven by ambition and overwhelmed with a duty to honor those who came before her, she will work hard to land the career of her dreams. When she does, one shouldn’t be surprised to see she has accidentally fallen asleep at her desk for the third time in one week and well past working hours. During her sleep, she will surely be dreaming of the day she finally makes it through all the hoops she will have had to jump through to finally achieve the American dream. It won’t be until her mid-20s or 30s that she will realize somewhere along the way her drive evolved into another entity entirely, one that made her single-minded and cold-hearted. She will realize that the emotional traits and feelings she denied herself for so long because she didn’t associate them with societal norms of success, were the traits that would eventually yield her the most power. When she does realize this is when she will have made a pivotal step toward her self-actualization. Depending on who she is, she will let her hair loose and swap her loafers for stilettos, unlocking a new level of confidence she didn’t realize was once weighed down by societal prejudices and expectations. She will occasionally use her good looks to her advantage because she will have the confidence to decide for herself which trials to endure and the grace to let herself have flaws. She will still worship the likes of Elizabeth Cady Stanton, but alongside them, she will find a soft spot for Cardi B and the confidence and pride her songs ignite in women and in their perception of their bodies. She will find a new respect for her friends who chose to work as stay-at-home moms, though that was not her path. A young, attractive woman in America might take inspiration from her ancestors on the kind of life she should lead, but she should be just as steadfast in her resolve to stay true to herself and the women of her own generation in pursuit of her goals.

creative_writing

Instruction: Write a monologue describing a young woman’s journey to self-actualization in America. Context: Response: A young woman in America may feel a strong connection to her ancestors before her who fought tirelessly for the 19th Amendment to be added to the U.S. Constitution, protecting her right to vote, among many of the rights and liberties she enjoys today. She realizes that it’s because of them she can dream of a world of opportunities for herself beyond being a mother. A young, attractive woman in America will devote herself to proving she is more than a pretty face. Driven by ambition and overwhelmed with a duty to honor those who came before her, she will work hard to land the career of her dreams. When she does, one shouldn’t be surprised to see she has accidentally fallen asleep at her desk for the third time in one week and well past working hours. During her sleep, she will surely be dreaming of the day she finally makes it through all the hoops she will have had to jump through to finally achieve the American dream. It won’t be until her mid-20s or 30s that she will realize somewhere along the way her drive evolved into another entity entirely, one that made her single-minded and cold-hearted. She will realize that the emotional traits and feelings she denied herself for so long because she didn’t associate them with societal norms of success, were the traits that would eventually yield her the most power. When she does realize this is when she will have made a pivotal step toward her self-actualization. Depending on who she is, she will let her hair loose and swap her loafers for stilettos, unlocking a new level of confidence she didn’t realize was once weighed down by societal prejudices and expectations. She will occasionally use her good looks to her advantage because she will have the confidence to decide for herself which trials to endure and the grace to let herself have flaws. She will still worship the likes of Elizabeth Cady Stanton, but alongside them, she will find a soft spot for Cardi B and the confidence and pride her songs ignite in women and in their perception of their bodies. She will find a new respect for her friends who chose to work as stay-at-home moms, though that was not her path. A young, attractive woman in America might take inspiration from her ancestors on the kind of life she should lead, but she should be just as steadfast in her resolve to stay true to herself and the women of her own generation in pursuit of her goals.

Give me a list of south Indian breakfast dishes I should try.

Some of the south Indian breakfast dishes you could try are: * Dosa * Idly * Appam * Puttu * Vada * Pongal * Upma * Idiyappam * Uttappam

brainstorming

Instruction: Give me a list of south Indian breakfast dishes I should try. Context: Response: Some of the south Indian breakfast dishes you could try are: * Dosa * Idly * Appam * Puttu * Vada * Pongal * Upma * Idiyappam * Uttappam

What is functional genomics?

Functional genomics is a field of molecular biology that attempts to describe gene (and protein) functions and interactions. Functional genomics make use of the vast data generated by genomic and transcriptomic projects (such as genome sequencing projects and RNA sequencing). Functional genomics focuses on the dynamic aspects such as gene transcription, translation, regulation of gene expression and protein–protein interactions, as opposed to the static aspects of the genomic information such as DNA sequence or structures. A key characteristic of functional genomics studies is their genome-wide approach to these questions, generally involving high-throughput methods rather than a more traditional "candidate-gene" approach.

open_qa

Instruction: What is functional genomics? Context: Response: Functional genomics is a field of molecular biology that attempts to describe gene (and protein) functions and interactions. Functional genomics make use of the vast data generated by genomic and transcriptomic projects (such as genome sequencing projects and RNA sequencing). Functional genomics focuses on the dynamic aspects such as gene transcription, translation, regulation of gene expression and protein–protein interactions, as opposed to the static aspects of the genomic information such as DNA sequence or structures. A key characteristic of functional genomics studies is their genome-wide approach to these questions, generally involving high-throughput methods rather than a more traditional "candidate-gene" approach.

What are your 5 favourite museums in London?

Here are my 5 favourite museums in London: - Natural History Museum - The National Gallery - British Museum - Tate Modern - Royal Air Force Museum

brainstorming

Instruction: What are your 5 favourite museums in London? Context: Response: Here are my 5 favourite museums in London: - Natural History Museum - The National Gallery - British Museum - Tate Modern - Royal Air Force Museum

What are some of the subjects that a school student might study.

Students are known to take classes in mathematics, science, art, sport, foreign languages, history and geography.

brainstorming

Instruction: What are some of the subjects that a school student might study. Context: Response: Students are known to take classes in mathematics, science, art, sport, foreign languages, history and geography.

What was the former name of The Washington Commanders football team?

The Washington Commanders are a professional American football team based in the Washington metropolitan area. Formerly known as the Washington Redskins, the team competes in the National Football League (NFL) as a member of the National Football Conference (NFC) East division. The team plays its home games at FedExField in Landover, Maryland; its headquarters and training facility are in Ashburn, Virginia. The team has played more than 1,000 games and is one of only five in the NFL with more than 600 total wins. Washington was among the first NFL franchises with a fight song, "Hail to the Commanders", which is played by their marching band after every touchdown scored by the team at home. The franchise is valued by Forbes at US$5.6 billion, making them the league's sixth-most valuable team as of 2022.

The Washington Commanders was formally known as The Washington Redskins, the team competes in the National Football League (NFL) as a member of the National Football Conference (NFC) East division.

information_extraction

Instruction: What was the former name of The Washington Commanders football team? Context: The Washington Commanders are a professional American football team based in the Washington metropolitan area. Formerly known as the Washington Redskins, the team competes in the National Football League (NFL) as a member of the National Football Conference (NFC) East division. The team plays its home games at FedExField in Landover, Maryland; its headquarters and training facility are in Ashburn, Virginia. The team has played more than 1,000 games and is one of only five in the NFL with more than 600 total wins. Washington was among the first NFL franchises with a fight song, "Hail to the Commanders", which is played by their marching band after every touchdown scored by the team at home. The franchise is valued by Forbes at US$5.6 billion, making them the league's sixth-most valuable team as of 2022. Response: The Washington Commanders was formally known as The Washington Redskins, the team competes in the National Football League (NFL) as a member of the National Football Conference (NFC) East division.

What checks should be done when a data pipeline fails

Generally data pipelines have sources, transformations and targets. First, check for errors on sources. Second, check for errors on transformations built in pipeline. Third, check for errors on targets. Further, check for errors on underlying infrastructure of the pipeline such as network, authentication and memory systems.

brainstorming

Instruction: What checks should be done when a data pipeline fails Context: Response: Generally data pipelines have sources, transformations and targets. First, check for errors on sources. Second, check for errors on transformations built in pipeline. Third, check for errors on targets. Further, check for errors on underlying infrastructure of the pipeline such as network, authentication and memory systems.

Why do people drink coffee?

Coffee contains caffeine which is a stimulant. It increases wakefulness and alertness. Too much coffee can cause hyperactivity.

general_qa

Instruction: Why do people drink coffee? Context: Response: Coffee contains caffeine which is a stimulant. It increases wakefulness and alertness. Too much coffee can cause hyperactivity.

What are ten woodworking projects that I could complete in a weekend?

1. A wine box 2. A coat rack 3. A cutting board 4. A simple desk 5. A bottle stopper 6. A bowl 7. A small shelf 8. A picture frame 9. A serving tray 10. A garden bench

brainstorming

Instruction: What are ten woodworking projects that I could complete in a weekend? Context: Response: 1. A wine box 2. A coat rack 3. A cutting board 4. A simple desk 5. A bottle stopper 6. A bowl 7. A small shelf 8. A picture frame 9. A serving tray 10. A garden bench

Does Palmeiras have a Fifa club world cup?

Despite many claims that Palmeiras won a club world cup in 1951, the official list of the Fifa World Club winners starts in the year 2000 with Corinthians being the first champion of the tournament and Palmeiras doesn't have won any Fifa World Cup tournament since.

brainstorming

Instruction: Does Palmeiras have a Fifa club world cup? Context: Response: Despite many claims that Palmeiras won a club world cup in 1951, the official list of the Fifa World Club winners starts in the year 2000 with Corinthians being the first champion of the tournament and Palmeiras doesn't have won any Fifa World Cup tournament since.

From the Passage please find out what are the cause of climate change

In common usage, climate change describes global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its effects on Earth's climate system. Climate change in a broader sense also includes previous long-term changes to Earth's climate. The current rise in global average temperature is more rapid than previous changes, and is primarily caused by humans burning fossil fuels. Fossil fuel use, deforestation, and some agricultural and industrial practices increase greenhouse gases, notably carbon dioxide and methane. Greenhouse gases absorb some of the heat that the Earth radiates after it warms from sunlight. Larger amounts of these gases trap more heat in Earth's lower atmosphere, causing global warming. Due to climate change, deserts are expanding, while heat waves and wildfires are becoming more common. Increased warming in the Arctic has contributed to melting permafrost, glacial retreat and sea ice loss. Higher temperatures are also causing more intense storms, droughts, and other weather extremes. Rapid environmental change in mountains, coral reefs, and the Arctic is forcing many species to relocate or become extinct. Even if efforts to minimise future warming are successful, some effects will continue for centuries. These include ocean heating, ocean acidification and sea level rise.

1. Climate change is primarily caused by humans burning fossil fuels. 2. Fossil fuel use, 3. deforestation, 4.agricultural and industrial practices increase

information_extraction

Instruction: From the Passage please find out what are the cause of climate change Context: In common usage, climate change describes global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its effects on Earth's climate system. Climate change in a broader sense also includes previous long-term changes to Earth's climate. The current rise in global average temperature is more rapid than previous changes, and is primarily caused by humans burning fossil fuels. Fossil fuel use, deforestation, and some agricultural and industrial practices increase greenhouse gases, notably carbon dioxide and methane. Greenhouse gases absorb some of the heat that the Earth radiates after it warms from sunlight. Larger amounts of these gases trap more heat in Earth's lower atmosphere, causing global warming. Due to climate change, deserts are expanding, while heat waves and wildfires are becoming more common. Increased warming in the Arctic has contributed to melting permafrost, glacial retreat and sea ice loss. Higher temperatures are also causing more intense storms, droughts, and other weather extremes. Rapid environmental change in mountains, coral reefs, and the Arctic is forcing many species to relocate or become extinct. Even if efforts to minimise future warming are successful, some effects will continue for centuries. These include ocean heating, ocean acidification and sea level rise. Response: 1. Climate change is primarily caused by humans burning fossil fuels. 2. Fossil fuel use, 3. deforestation, 4.agricultural and industrial practices increase

Identify which car manufacturer is French or American: Bugatti, GMC, Dodge

Bugatti is French, GMC and Dodge is American

classification

Instruction: Identify which car manufacturer is French or American: Bugatti, GMC, Dodge Context: Response: Bugatti is French, GMC and Dodge is American

What's the most important thing in a marriage?

There're many important things in a marriage and it's hard to say what is the most important. For example, expectation management is very important. Most disappointments or arguments in a marriage come from when your partner fails to meet our expectations. It's important to communicate your expectations of each other regularly. It's also important to remember that what work for other couples or whatever the social norms are may not apply for you, and that is ok.

general_qa

Instruction: What's the most important thing in a marriage? Context: Response: There're many important things in a marriage and it's hard to say what is the most important. For example, expectation management is very important. Most disappointments or arguments in a marriage come from when your partner fails to meet our expectations. It's important to communicate your expectations of each other regularly. It's also important to remember that what work for other couples or whatever the social norms are may not apply for you, and that is ok.

How does a human do arithmetic calculation as fast as a calculator?

Use a tech called Mental abacus. When a person reads the numbers, he or she will mentally visualize an abacus and do the calculation by moving the beads in the abacus. The calculation can be done in a great speed.

general_qa

Instruction: How does a human do arithmetic calculation as fast as a calculator? Context: Response: Use a tech called Mental abacus. When a person reads the numbers, he or she will mentally visualize an abacus and do the calculation by moving the beads in the abacus. The calculation can be done in a great speed.

In the provided text multiple examples of a metric are given. Extract the third example of a metric.

In mathematics, a metric space is a set together with a notion of distance between its elements, usually called points. The distance is measured by a function called a metric or distance function. Metric spaces are the most general setting for studying many of the concepts of mathematical analysis and geometry. The most familiar example of a metric space is 3-dimensional Euclidean space with its usual notion of distance. Other well-known examples are a sphere equipped with the angular distance and the hyperbolic plane. A metric may correspond to a metaphorical, rather than physical, notion of distance: for example, the set of 100-character Unicode strings can be equipped with the Hamming distance, which measures the number of characters that need to be changed to get from one string to another. Since they are very general, metric spaces are a tool used in many different branches of mathematics. Many types of mathematical objects have a natural notion of distance and therefore admit the structure of a metric space, including Riemannian manifolds, normed vector spaces, and graphs. In abstract algebra, the p-adic numbers arise as elements of the completion of a metric structure on the rational numbers. Metric spaces are also studied in their own right in metric geometry and analysis on metric spaces. Many of the basic notions of mathematical analysis, including balls, completeness, as well as uniform, Lipschitz, and Hölder continuity, can be defined in the setting of metric spaces. Other notions, such as continuity, compactness, and open and closed sets, can be defined for metric spaces, but also in the even more general setting of topological spaces.

The third metric or distance function that was encountered in this example is the Hamming distance. The Hamming distance measures the number of character changes that are needed to transform a given string to another.

information_extraction

Instruction: In the provided text multiple examples of a metric are given. Extract the third example of a metric. Context: In mathematics, a metric space is a set together with a notion of distance between its elements, usually called points. The distance is measured by a function called a metric or distance function. Metric spaces are the most general setting for studying many of the concepts of mathematical analysis and geometry. The most familiar example of a metric space is 3-dimensional Euclidean space with its usual notion of distance. Other well-known examples are a sphere equipped with the angular distance and the hyperbolic plane. A metric may correspond to a metaphorical, rather than physical, notion of distance: for example, the set of 100-character Unicode strings can be equipped with the Hamming distance, which measures the number of characters that need to be changed to get from one string to another. Since they are very general, metric spaces are a tool used in many different branches of mathematics. Many types of mathematical objects have a natural notion of distance and therefore admit the structure of a metric space, including Riemannian manifolds, normed vector spaces, and graphs. In abstract algebra, the p-adic numbers arise as elements of the completion of a metric structure on the rational numbers. Metric spaces are also studied in their own right in metric geometry and analysis on metric spaces. Many of the basic notions of mathematical analysis, including balls, completeness, as well as uniform, Lipschitz, and Hölder continuity, can be defined in the setting of metric spaces. Other notions, such as continuity, compactness, and open and closed sets, can be defined for metric spaces, but also in the even more general setting of topological spaces. Response: The third metric or distance function that was encountered in this example is the Hamming distance. The Hamming distance measures the number of character changes that are needed to transform a given string to another.

Extract a list of all of the communties and counties mentioned in this article about SH 115.

SH 115 begins at an intersection with Interstate 20 and Farm to Market Road 1927 in Pyote. The route travels north along the eastern edge of town and through Far West Texas oil fields before reaching Wink. The route then turns northeast, next reaching Kermit. The route travels through downtown Kermit, passing the Winkler County Courthouse. The route continues to the northeast, crossing oil fields of Winkler and Andrews Counties, before reaching Andrews. The route travels through Andrews, intersecting U.S. Route 385. The route continues northeast, crossing through the intersection of Andrews, Gaines, Martin, and Dawson Counties before reaching its terminus at SH 349 at the unincorporated community of Patricia, Texas.

Pyote, Wink, Kermit, Winkler, Andrews, Gaines, Martin, Dawson, Patricia

information_extraction

Instruction: Extract a list of all of the communties and counties mentioned in this article about SH 115. Context: SH 115 begins at an intersection with Interstate 20 and Farm to Market Road 1927 in Pyote. The route travels north along the eastern edge of town and through Far West Texas oil fields before reaching Wink. The route then turns northeast, next reaching Kermit. The route travels through downtown Kermit, passing the Winkler County Courthouse. The route continues to the northeast, crossing oil fields of Winkler and Andrews Counties, before reaching Andrews. The route travels through Andrews, intersecting U.S. Route 385. The route continues northeast, crossing through the intersection of Andrews, Gaines, Martin, and Dawson Counties before reaching its terminus at SH 349 at the unincorporated community of Patricia, Texas. Response: Pyote, Wink, Kermit, Winkler, Andrews, Gaines, Martin, Dawson, Patricia

What is the current recommendation for a healthy diet?

The current guidance on eating a healthy diet consists of eating a balance of healthy foods. Most of your meal should consist of a mix of fruits and vegetables, taking into account that potatoes are not considered to count as a vegetable as they have a negative impact on blood sugar. A quarter of your meal should consist of whole grains, things like whole wheat, quinoa, oats, brown rice and things made from them such as whole wheat bread and pasta. The other quarter of your plate should consist of proteins such as fish, poultry, beans and nuts. You should limit red meat and avoid processed meat such as bacon and sausages. You should choose to cook or dress your food with healthy plant oils, such as olive oil or sunflower oil and avoid partially hydrogenated oils which contain trans fats. You should drink water, coffee or tea, avoid sugary drinks and limit fruit juice to only one small glass a day.

general_qa

Instruction: What is the current recommendation for a healthy diet? Context: Response: The current guidance on eating a healthy diet consists of eating a balance of healthy foods. Most of your meal should consist of a mix of fruits and vegetables, taking into account that potatoes are not considered to count as a vegetable as they have a negative impact on blood sugar. A quarter of your meal should consist of whole grains, things like whole wheat, quinoa, oats, brown rice and things made from them such as whole wheat bread and pasta. The other quarter of your plate should consist of proteins such as fish, poultry, beans and nuts. You should limit red meat and avoid processed meat such as bacon and sausages. You should choose to cook or dress your food with healthy plant oils, such as olive oil or sunflower oil and avoid partially hydrogenated oils which contain trans fats. You should drink water, coffee or tea, avoid sugary drinks and limit fruit juice to only one small glass a day.

Who is Lee Jung-sik

Lee Jung-sik (born July 6, 1995) is a South Korean actor and model. He is best known for his starring roles in the web series I Have Three Boyfriends (2019) and Summer Guys (2021).

open_qa

Instruction: Who is Lee Jung-sik Context: Response: Lee Jung-sik (born July 6, 1995) is a South Korean actor and model. He is best known for his starring roles in the web series I Have Three Boyfriends (2019) and Summer Guys (2021).

What was Elvis Presley's first No. 1 hit in the United States?

"Heartbreak Hotel".

open_qa

Instruction: What was Elvis Presley's first No. 1 hit in the United States? Context: Response: "Heartbreak Hotel".

Based on the reference text, what was the start date and the expected completion date of the reconstruction project on the Howard Frankland bridge.

After the widening project in 1992, Interstate 275 was increased to eight lanes on the bridge itself. However, this did not increase capacity on either end of the bridge. Backups were still seen on the Howard Frankland heading into Tampa, primarily due to a bottleneck at the SR 60/Veterans Expressway exit. On the St. Petersburg side, after a comprehensive reconstruction project that took over ten years, lane counts were increased from four lanes prior to the bridge to six lanes through downtown St. Petersburg, and eight lanes from Gandy Boulevard to the bridge. A reconstruction project was planned to begin in 2017 for the new Gateway Expressway project, a plan to build a new toll road to connect different parts in Pinellas County. However, FDOT planned to reconstruct the interstate in smaller phases rather than the original larger two-phase project and the start of construction was delayed to 2020. Once the reconstruction project is finished in 2025, major traffic congestion on the Howard Frankland bridge is expected to be significantly reduced by the addition of new lanes. On January 7, 2021, FDOT postponed by a week to January 16, 2021 the start date for removing an overpass and the corresponding exit ramp over I-275. It had been scheduled to shut down by 8 p.m., EST, January 9, through January 10. This work was part of the U.S. $600 million toll road project. On January 16 to 17, 2021, workers removed the 4th street north interchange bridge (overpass) from 8 p.m. on January 16, to 12 p.m. on January 17. Exit 32 was closed until late 2021 while the new overpass is constructed. Overall construction on this large project began in fall 2020 and completion is expected in late 2025. A completely new bridge will carry southbound traffic. Once that bridge is completed, the existing southbound bridge will be converted to carry northbound traffic. When all traffic is moved to the final alignment, the existing northbound bridge will be removed. The newly built bridge for southbound traffic will include a separate pathway for pedestrian and bicycle traffic, and additional vehicle traffic lanes.[

The reconstruction project of the Howard Frankland bridge started in fall of 2020 and is expected to be completed in 2025.

closed_qa

Instruction: Based on the reference text, what was the start date and the expected completion date of the reconstruction project on the Howard Frankland bridge. Context: After the widening project in 1992, Interstate 275 was increased to eight lanes on the bridge itself. However, this did not increase capacity on either end of the bridge. Backups were still seen on the Howard Frankland heading into Tampa, primarily due to a bottleneck at the SR 60/Veterans Expressway exit. On the St. Petersburg side, after a comprehensive reconstruction project that took over ten years, lane counts were increased from four lanes prior to the bridge to six lanes through downtown St. Petersburg, and eight lanes from Gandy Boulevard to the bridge. A reconstruction project was planned to begin in 2017 for the new Gateway Expressway project, a plan to build a new toll road to connect different parts in Pinellas County. However, FDOT planned to reconstruct the interstate in smaller phases rather than the original larger two-phase project and the start of construction was delayed to 2020. Once the reconstruction project is finished in 2025, major traffic congestion on the Howard Frankland bridge is expected to be significantly reduced by the addition of new lanes. On January 7, 2021, FDOT postponed by a week to January 16, 2021 the start date for removing an overpass and the corresponding exit ramp over I-275. It had been scheduled to shut down by 8 p.m., EST, January 9, through January 10. This work was part of the U.S. $600 million toll road project. On January 16 to 17, 2021, workers removed the 4th street north interchange bridge (overpass) from 8 p.m. on January 16, to 12 p.m. on January 17. Exit 32 was closed until late 2021 while the new overpass is constructed. Overall construction on this large project began in fall 2020 and completion is expected in late 2025. A completely new bridge will carry southbound traffic. Once that bridge is completed, the existing southbound bridge will be converted to carry northbound traffic. When all traffic is moved to the final alignment, the existing northbound bridge will be removed. The newly built bridge for southbound traffic will include a separate pathway for pedestrian and bicycle traffic, and additional vehicle traffic lanes.[ Response: The reconstruction project of the Howard Frankland bridge started in fall of 2020 and is expected to be completed in 2025.

What does the company Navibulgar do

Navibulgar is a Bulgarian shipping company, the largest in the country, with a fleet of 70 vessels: 46 bulk carriers, 9 container vessels, 5 tanker and chemical vessels, and 10 combined tonnage vessels, including their new 30,700-tonne ship, which became a part of their fleet in June 2012.

open_qa

Instruction: What does the company Navibulgar do Context: Response: Navibulgar is a Bulgarian shipping company, the largest in the country, with a fleet of 70 vessels: 46 bulk carriers, 9 container vessels, 5 tanker and chemical vessels, and 10 combined tonnage vessels, including their new 30,700-tonne ship, which became a part of their fleet in June 2012.

Give me a bulleted list of the last seven World Series winners

- 2022: Houston Astros - 2021: Atlanta Braves - 2020: Los Angeles Dodgers - 2019: Washington Nationals - 2018: Boston Red Sox - 2017: Houston Astros - 2016: Chicago Cubs

brainstorming

Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the last seven World Series winners Context: Response: - 2022: Houston Astros - 2021: Atlanta Braves - 2020: Los Angeles Dodgers - 2019: Washington Nationals - 2018: Boston Red Sox - 2017: Houston Astros - 2016: Chicago Cubs

In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Rowan?

Rowan Gold-Tree

open_qa

Instruction: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Rowan? Context: Response: Rowan Gold-Tree

Can you suggests some ways to get more organized and complete my tasks without missing any deadlines?

Here are some ways you can get more organized, 1. Create a list of tasks to be completed 2. Prioritize these tasks 3. Pick the highest priority tasks which can be completed within less than 30 mins and complete them 4. Block off a time in your calendar to complete the high priority tasks that require more time 5. Delegate as many of the low priority tasks. 6. Review the list of tasks to be completed at the beginning of each day and keep tracking them until completed.

brainstorming

Instruction: Can you suggests some ways to get more organized and complete my tasks without missing any deadlines? Context: Response: Here are some ways you can get more organized, 1. Create a list of tasks to be completed 2. Prioritize these tasks 3. Pick the highest priority tasks which can be completed within less than 30 mins and complete them 4. Block off a time in your calendar to complete the high priority tasks that require more time 5. Delegate as many of the low priority tasks. 6. Review the list of tasks to be completed at the beginning of each day and keep tracking them until completed.

Are Schindler elevators safe

Schindler Holding Ltd. is a Swiss multinational company which manufactures escalators, moving walkways, and elevators worldwide, founded in Switzerland in 1874. Schindler produces, installs, maintains and modernizes lifts and escalators in many types of buildings including residential, commercial and high-rise buildings. The company is present in over 140 countries and employs more than 66,000 people worldwide. The production facilities are located in Brazil, China, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, India and the United States. All operations and subsidiaries of Schindler Group are organised into Schindler Holding Ltd. (German: Schindler Holding AG, French: Schindler Holding S.A.), which is publicly traded on SIX Swiss Exchange.

Schindler Holding Ltd. is a Swiss multinational company which manufactures escalators, moving walkways, and elevators worldwide, founded in Switzerland in 1874. Schindler produces, installs, maintains and modernizes lifts and escalators in many types of buildings including residential, commercial and high-rise buildings. The company is present in over 140 countries and employs more than 66,000 people worldwide. The production facilities are located in Brazil, China, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, India and the United States. All operations and subsidiaries of Schindler Group are organised into Schindler Holding Ltd., which is publicly traded on SIX Swiss Exchange.

summarization

Instruction: Are Schindler elevators safe Context: Schindler Holding Ltd. is a Swiss multinational company which manufactures escalators, moving walkways, and elevators worldwide, founded in Switzerland in 1874. Schindler produces, installs, maintains and modernizes lifts and escalators in many types of buildings including residential, commercial and high-rise buildings. The company is present in over 140 countries and employs more than 66,000 people worldwide. The production facilities are located in Brazil, China, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, India and the United States. All operations and subsidiaries of Schindler Group are organised into Schindler Holding Ltd. (German: Schindler Holding AG, French: Schindler Holding S.A.), which is publicly traded on SIX Swiss Exchange. Response: Schindler Holding Ltd. is a Swiss multinational company which manufactures escalators, moving walkways, and elevators worldwide, founded in Switzerland in 1874. Schindler produces, installs, maintains and modernizes lifts and escalators in many types of buildings including residential, commercial and high-rise buildings. The company is present in over 140 countries and employs more than 66,000 people worldwide. The production facilities are located in Brazil, China, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, India and the United States. All operations and subsidiaries of Schindler Group are organised into Schindler Holding Ltd., which is publicly traded on SIX Swiss Exchange.

what is use of cryogenics in virology ?

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is one of the most common methods to determine the physical and chemical properties of atoms by detecting the radio frequency absorbed and subsequent relaxation of nuclei in a magnetic field. This is one of the most commonly used characterisation techniques and has applications in numerous fields. Primarily, the strong magnetic fields are generated by supercooling electromagnets, although there are spectrometers that do not require cryogens. In traditional superconducting solenoids, liquid helium is used to cool the inner coils because it has a boiling point of around 4 K at ambient pressure. Cheap metallic superconductors can be used for the coil wiring. So-called high-temperature superconducting compounds can be made to super conduct with the use of liquid nitrogen, which boils at around 77 K. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a complex application of NMR where the geometry of the resonances is deconvoluted and used to image objects by detecting the relaxation of protons that have been perturbed by a radio-frequency pulse in the strong magnetic field. This is most commonly used in health applications. In large cities, it is difficult to transmit power by overhead cables, so underground cables are used. But underground cables get heated and the resistance of the wire increases, leading to waste of power. Superconductors could be used to increase power throughput, although they would require cryogenic liquids such as nitrogen or helium to cool special alloy-containing cables to increase power transmission. Several feasibility studies have been performed and the field is the subject of an agreement within the International Energy Agency. Cryogenic gases delivery truck at a supermarket, Ypsilanti, Michigan Cryogenic gases are used in transportation and storage of large masses of frozen food. When very large quantities of food must be transported to regions like war zones, earthquake hit regions, etc., they must be stored for a long time, so cryogenic food freezing is used. Cryogenic food freezing is also helpful for large scale food processing industries. Many infrared (forward looking infrared) cameras require their detectors to be cryogenically cooled. Certain rare blood groups are stored at low temperatures, such as −165 °C, at blood banks. Cryogenics technology using liquid nitrogen and CO2 has been built into nightclub effect systems to create a chilling effect and white fog that can be illuminated with colored lights. Cryogenic cooling is used to cool the tool tip at the time of machining in manufacturing process. It increases the tool life. Oxygen is used to perform several important functions in the steel manufacturing process. Many rockets use cryogenic gases as propellants. These include liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, and liquid methane. By freezing the automobile or truck tire in liquid nitrogen, the rubber is made brittle and can be crushed into small particles. These particles can be used again for other items. Experimental research on certain physics phenomena, such as spintronics and magnetotransport properties, requires cryogenic temperatures for the effects to be observed. Certain vaccines must be stored at cryogenic temperatures. For example, the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine must be stored at temperatures of −90 to −60 °C (−130 to −76 °F). (See cold chain.)

Certain vaccines must be only stored at cryogenic temperature (ultra low temperatures of order -90 to -60 degree celcius / -130 F to -76 F)

closed_qa

Instruction: what is use of cryogenics in virology ? Context: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is one of the most common methods to determine the physical and chemical properties of atoms by detecting the radio frequency absorbed and subsequent relaxation of nuclei in a magnetic field. This is one of the most commonly used characterisation techniques and has applications in numerous fields. Primarily, the strong magnetic fields are generated by supercooling electromagnets, although there are spectrometers that do not require cryogens. In traditional superconducting solenoids, liquid helium is used to cool the inner coils because it has a boiling point of around 4 K at ambient pressure. Cheap metallic superconductors can be used for the coil wiring. So-called high-temperature superconducting compounds can be made to super conduct with the use of liquid nitrogen, which boils at around 77 K. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a complex application of NMR where the geometry of the resonances is deconvoluted and used to image objects by detecting the relaxation of protons that have been perturbed by a radio-frequency pulse in the strong magnetic field. This is most commonly used in health applications. In large cities, it is difficult to transmit power by overhead cables, so underground cables are used. But underground cables get heated and the resistance of the wire increases, leading to waste of power. Superconductors could be used to increase power throughput, although they would require cryogenic liquids such as nitrogen or helium to cool special alloy-containing cables to increase power transmission. Several feasibility studies have been performed and the field is the subject of an agreement within the International Energy Agency. Cryogenic gases delivery truck at a supermarket, Ypsilanti, Michigan Cryogenic gases are used in transportation and storage of large masses of frozen food. When very large quantities of food must be transported to regions like war zones, earthquake hit regions, etc., they must be stored for a long time, so cryogenic food freezing is used. Cryogenic food freezing is also helpful for large scale food processing industries. Many infrared (forward looking infrared) cameras require their detectors to be cryogenically cooled. Certain rare blood groups are stored at low temperatures, such as −165 °C, at blood banks. Cryogenics technology using liquid nitrogen and CO2 has been built into nightclub effect systems to create a chilling effect and white fog that can be illuminated with colored lights. Cryogenic cooling is used to cool the tool tip at the time of machining in manufacturing process. It increases the tool life. Oxygen is used to perform several important functions in the steel manufacturing process. Many rockets use cryogenic gases as propellants. These include liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, and liquid methane. By freezing the automobile or truck tire in liquid nitrogen, the rubber is made brittle and can be crushed into small particles. These particles can be used again for other items. Experimental research on certain physics phenomena, such as spintronics and magnetotransport properties, requires cryogenic temperatures for the effects to be observed. Certain vaccines must be stored at cryogenic temperatures. For example, the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine must be stored at temperatures of −90 to −60 °C (−130 to −76 °F). (See cold chain.) Response: Certain vaccines must be only stored at cryogenic temperature (ultra low temperatures of order -90 to -60 degree celcius / -130 F to -76 F)

Where is Meerut?

Meerut (pronunciation (help·info), IAST: Meraṭh) is a city in Meerut district of the western part of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The city lies 80 km (50 mi) northeast of the national capital New Delhi, within the National Capital Region and 480 km (300 mi) west of the state capital Lucknow.

Meerut is a city in India and part of Uttar Pradesh state close to new Delhi

information_extraction

Instruction: Where is Meerut? Context: Meerut (pronunciation (help·info), IAST: Meraṭh) is a city in Meerut district of the western part of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The city lies 80 km (50 mi) northeast of the national capital New Delhi, within the National Capital Region and 480 km (300 mi) west of the state capital Lucknow. Response: Meerut is a city in India and part of Uttar Pradesh state close to new Delhi

What is the color of tennis balls?

Tennis balls were originally made of cloth strips stitched together with thread and stuffed with feathers. Modern tennis balls are made of hollow vulcanized rubber with a felt coating. Traditionally white, the predominant colour was gradually changed to optic yellow in the latter part of the 20th century to allow for improved visibility. Tennis balls must conform to certain criteria for size, weight, deformation, and bounce to be approved for regulation play. The International Tennis Federation (ITF) defines the official diameter as 65.41–68.58 mm (2.575–2.700 in). Balls must weigh between 56.0 and 59.4 g (1.98 and 2.10 oz).

Modern tennis balls are yellow.

information_extraction

Instruction: What is the color of tennis balls? Context: Tennis balls were originally made of cloth strips stitched together with thread and stuffed with feathers. Modern tennis balls are made of hollow vulcanized rubber with a felt coating. Traditionally white, the predominant colour was gradually changed to optic yellow in the latter part of the 20th century to allow for improved visibility. Tennis balls must conform to certain criteria for size, weight, deformation, and bounce to be approved for regulation play. The International Tennis Federation (ITF) defines the official diameter as 65.41–68.58 mm (2.575–2.700 in). Balls must weigh between 56.0 and 59.4 g (1.98 and 2.10 oz). Response: Modern tennis balls are yellow.

What is the significance of Thanks Giving.

The first American Thanksgiving was celebrated 43 years later in 1621 at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in Massachusetts. The Wampanoag Native Americans helped the pilgrims who arrived in Massachusetts cultivate the land and fish, saving them from starvation. At harvest time in the winter of 1621, they were very thankful that they had a good crop of food to eat during the coming winter. They thanked God and the Wampanoags for teaching them how to grow crops. The Thanksgiving holiday became a national phenomenon during the Civil War and a true national holiday during FDR's presidency.

general_qa

Instruction: What is the significance of Thanks Giving. Context: Response: The first American Thanksgiving was celebrated 43 years later in 1621 at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in Massachusetts. The Wampanoag Native Americans helped the pilgrims who arrived in Massachusetts cultivate the land and fish, saving them from starvation. At harvest time in the winter of 1621, they were very thankful that they had a good crop of food to eat during the coming winter. They thanked God and the Wampanoags for teaching them how to grow crops. The Thanksgiving holiday became a national phenomenon during the Civil War and a true national holiday during FDR's presidency.

What are some common types of winter squash for cooking?

Winter squash is defined as the fruit of a squash plant that grows with a hard outer shell. Common types of winter squash used in cooking are pumpkin, butternut squash, acorn squash, kabocha squash, spaghetti squash, and delicata squash.

brainstorming

Instruction: What are some common types of winter squash for cooking? Context: Response: Winter squash is defined as the fruit of a squash plant that grows with a hard outer shell. Common types of winter squash used in cooking are pumpkin, butternut squash, acorn squash, kabocha squash, spaghetti squash, and delicata squash.

Which of the following animals are primates: Human, Dog, Bonobos, Cat, Bats, Goat, Bears, Orangutans, Wolf, Lion, Squirrel, Koala, Cheetah, Deer, Orca, Gorillas, Camel, Hamsters, Lemurs, Blue whale, Chimpanzee

Not all of them are primates! From that list the primates are: - Human - Bonobos - Orangutans - Gorillas - Lemurs - Chimpanzee

classification

Instruction: Which of the following animals are primates: Human, Dog, Bonobos, Cat, Bats, Goat, Bears, Orangutans, Wolf, Lion, Squirrel, Koala, Cheetah, Deer, Orca, Gorillas, Camel, Hamsters, Lemurs, Blue whale, Chimpanzee Context: Response: Not all of them are primates! From that list the primates are: - Human - Bonobos - Orangutans - Gorillas - Lemurs - Chimpanzee

Given the following paragraph, where did the L'Aquila earth occur?

The 2009 L'Aquila earthquake occurred in the region of Abruzzo, in central Italy. The main shock occurred at 03:32 CEST (01:32 UTC) on 6 April 2009, and was rated 5.8 or 5.9 on the Richter magnitude scale and 6.3 on the moment magnitude scale; its epicentre was near L'Aquila, the capital of Abruzzo, which together with surrounding villages suffered the most damage. There have been several thousand foreshocks and aftershocks since December 2008, more than thirty of which had a Richter magnitude greater than 3.5.

The 2009 L'Aquila earthquake occurred in the region of Abruzzo, in central Italy.

closed_qa

Instruction: Given the following paragraph, where did the L'Aquila earth occur? Context: The 2009 L'Aquila earthquake occurred in the region of Abruzzo, in central Italy. The main shock occurred at 03:32 CEST (01:32 UTC) on 6 April 2009, and was rated 5.8 or 5.9 on the Richter magnitude scale and 6.3 on the moment magnitude scale; its epicentre was near L'Aquila, the capital of Abruzzo, which together with surrounding villages suffered the most damage. There have been several thousand foreshocks and aftershocks since December 2008, more than thirty of which had a Richter magnitude greater than 3.5. Response: The 2009 L'Aquila earthquake occurred in the region of Abruzzo, in central Italy.

Which city are Stroopwafels from?

Stroopwafels are a type of Dutch waffle-like cake made with ground or shredded wheat and a variety of fillings. They are most commonly found in the city of Haarlem, Netherlands.

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Instruction: Which city are Stroopwafels from? Context: Response: Stroopwafels are a type of Dutch waffle-like cake made with ground or shredded wheat and a variety of fillings. They are most commonly found in the city of Haarlem, Netherlands.

What does democratizing data mean?

Making data accessible to all people and educating people on how to work with data, no matter their technical background.

open_qa

Instruction: What does democratizing data mean? Context: Response: Making data accessible to all people and educating people on how to work with data, no matter their technical background.

How to become a millionaire?

If you want to become a millionaire you first need to make up a consistent, long-term financial plan. Ask yourself questions like what does it mean rich for you? Any particular net worth you would like to hit? Once you have the big-picture established, break it down into smaller short-term goals that are easier to achieve. Start investing earlier and identify high-margin businesses to focus on. Constantly increase your income by balancing your investments and savings.

general_qa

Instruction: How to become a millionaire? Context: Response: If you want to become a millionaire you first need to make up a consistent, long-term financial plan. Ask yourself questions like what does it mean rich for you? Any particular net worth you would like to hit? Once you have the big-picture established, break it down into smaller short-term goals that are easier to achieve. Start investing earlier and identify high-margin businesses to focus on. Constantly increase your income by balancing your investments and savings.

What are some noteworthy facts from Gabriel García Márquez present on the text?

Gabriel José de la Concordia García Márquez (American Spanish: [ɡaˈβɾjel ɣaɾˈsi.a ˈmaɾkes] (listen); 6 March 1927 – 17 April 2014) was a Colombian novelist, short-story writer, screenwriter, and journalist, known affectionately as Gabo ([ˈɡaβo]) or Gabito ([ɡaˈβito]) throughout Latin America. Considered one of the most significant authors of the 20th century, particularly in the Spanish language, he was awarded the 1972 Neustadt International Prize for Literature and the 1982 Nobel Prize in Literature. He pursued a self-directed education that resulted in leaving law school for a career in journalism. From early on he showed no inhibitions in his criticism of Colombian and foreign politics. In 1958, he married Mercedes Barcha Pardo; they had two sons, Rodrigo and Gonzalo. García Márquez started as a journalist and wrote many acclaimed non-fiction works and short stories, but is best known for his novels, such as One Hundred Years of Solitude (1967), Chronicle of a Death Foretold (1981), and Love in the Time of Cholera (1985). His works have achieved significant critical acclaim and widespread commercial success, most notably for popularizing a literary style known as magic realism, which uses magical elements and events in otherwise ordinary and realistic situations. Some of his works are set in the fictional village of Macondo (mainly inspired by his birthplace, Aracataca), and most of them explore the theme of solitude. He is the most-translated Spanish-language author. Upon García Márquez's death in April 2014, Juan Manuel Santos, the president of Colombia, called him "the greatest Colombian who ever lived."

Gabriel García Márquez was born in Colombia and is recognized as one of the most significant authors of the 20th century. He won a Nobel Prize in Literature in 1982. His work's literary style known as magic realism brought him critical acclaim and commercial success. Some of his works used places of his live as inspiration, and most of them explore the theme of solitude. He is the most-translated Spanish-language author. He was called "the greates Colombian who ever lived"by the president of Colombia at the time of his death.

summarization

Instruction: What are some noteworthy facts from Gabriel García Márquez present on the text? Context: Gabriel José de la Concordia García Márquez (American Spanish: [ɡaˈβɾjel ɣaɾˈsi.a ˈmaɾkes] (listen); 6 March 1927 – 17 April 2014) was a Colombian novelist, short-story writer, screenwriter, and journalist, known affectionately as Gabo ([ˈɡaβo]) or Gabito ([ɡaˈβito]) throughout Latin America. Considered one of the most significant authors of the 20th century, particularly in the Spanish language, he was awarded the 1972 Neustadt International Prize for Literature and the 1982 Nobel Prize in Literature. He pursued a self-directed education that resulted in leaving law school for a career in journalism. From early on he showed no inhibitions in his criticism of Colombian and foreign politics. In 1958, he married Mercedes Barcha Pardo; they had two sons, Rodrigo and Gonzalo. García Márquez started as a journalist and wrote many acclaimed non-fiction works and short stories, but is best known for his novels, such as One Hundred Years of Solitude (1967), Chronicle of a Death Foretold (1981), and Love in the Time of Cholera (1985). His works have achieved significant critical acclaim and widespread commercial success, most notably for popularizing a literary style known as magic realism, which uses magical elements and events in otherwise ordinary and realistic situations. Some of his works are set in the fictional village of Macondo (mainly inspired by his birthplace, Aracataca), and most of them explore the theme of solitude. He is the most-translated Spanish-language author. Upon García Márquez's death in April 2014, Juan Manuel Santos, the president of Colombia, called him "the greatest Colombian who ever lived." Response: Gabriel García Márquez was born in Colombia and is recognized as one of the most significant authors of the 20th century. He won a Nobel Prize in Literature in 1982. His work's literary style known as magic realism brought him critical acclaim and commercial success. Some of his works used places of his live as inspiration, and most of them explore the theme of solitude. He is the most-translated Spanish-language author. He was called "the greates Colombian who ever lived"by the president of Colombia at the time of his death.

"repair instead of replace" give five points to support this argument

1) saves cost 2) reduces wastage 3) good for environment 4) promotes local employment 5) efficient use of resources

brainstorming

Instruction: "repair instead of replace" give five points to support this argument Context: Response: 1) saves cost 2) reduces wastage 3) good for environment 4) promotes local employment 5) efficient use of resources

Give me a list of things to enable a support team on their technical strengths

1) Setup a daily stand up that becomes a platform for people to discuss their challenges. This platform will be a significant source of technical brainstorming. It enables people with technical competencies to guide the person asking for help. At the same time it allows for every one else to get familiar with an issue and its solution even if they haven't experienced it yet. Culturally this should be a judgement free zone. It should eliminate inhibitions to raise challenges. 2) Setup a cadence (weekly, bi weekly, monthly) for members of team to discuss their most interesting customer issues. They should cover the problem statement, symptom, assessment/diagnosis of the issue, approaches to solve the problem. The last piece around approaches to solve the problem is key as it equips others to incorporate effective options in their troubleshooting toolbox 3) Collaborate with product managers to setup a broader feature level enablement cadence. 4) Create mentorship programs where junior members can shadow seniors on their customer calls and learn technical cops as well as communication cops by just being a fly on the wall. At the same time seniors should shadow juniors on their customer calls and give them direct feedback on what needs to be improved

brainstorming

Instruction: Give me a list of things to enable a support team on their technical strengths Context: Response: 1) Setup a daily stand up that becomes a platform for people to discuss their challenges. This platform will be a significant source of technical brainstorming. It enables people with technical competencies to guide the person asking for help. At the same time it allows for every one else to get familiar with an issue and its solution even if they haven't experienced it yet. Culturally this should be a judgement free zone. It should eliminate inhibitions to raise challenges. 2) Setup a cadence (weekly, bi weekly, monthly) for members of team to discuss their most interesting customer issues. They should cover the problem statement, symptom, assessment/diagnosis of the issue, approaches to solve the problem. The last piece around approaches to solve the problem is key as it equips others to incorporate effective options in their troubleshooting toolbox 3) Collaborate with product managers to setup a broader feature level enablement cadence. 4) Create mentorship programs where junior members can shadow seniors on their customer calls and learn technical cops as well as communication cops by just being a fly on the wall. At the same time seniors should shadow juniors on their customer calls and give them direct feedback on what needs to be improved

Provide a list of signs that you have won at life

1. Your house is paid off 2. Your student loans are paid off 3. You are emotionally and physically healthy 4. You have meaningful relationships 5. You respect and love yourself 6. Your kids and spouse are content 7. You are comfortably retired

brainstorming

Instruction: Provide a list of signs that you have won at life Context: Response: 1. Your house is paid off 2. Your student loans are paid off 3. You are emotionally and physically healthy 4. You have meaningful relationships 5. You respect and love yourself 6. Your kids and spouse are content 7. You are comfortably retired

What is the New Administrative Capital of Egypt?

The New Administrative Capital (NAC) (Arabic: العاصمة الإدارية الجديدة, romanized: al-ʿĀṣima al-ʾIdārīya al-Gadīda) is a new urban community in Cairo Governorate, Egypt and a satellite of Cairo City. It is planned to be Egypt's new capital and has been under construction since 2015. It was announced by the then Egyptian housing minister Mostafa Madbouly at the Egypt Economic Development Conference on 13 March 2015. The capital city is considered one of the projects for economic development, and is part of a larger initiative called Egypt Vision 2030.

The New Administrative Capital is planned city that will replace Cairo as the capital or Egypt. Construction has been underway since 2015 and is planned to be ready by 2030.

summarization

Instruction: What is the New Administrative Capital of Egypt? Context: The New Administrative Capital (NAC) (Arabic: العاصمة الإدارية الجديدة, romanized: al-ʿĀṣima al-ʾIdārīya al-Gadīda) is a new urban community in Cairo Governorate, Egypt and a satellite of Cairo City. It is planned to be Egypt's new capital and has been under construction since 2015. It was announced by the then Egyptian housing minister Mostafa Madbouly at the Egypt Economic Development Conference on 13 March 2015. The capital city is considered one of the projects for economic development, and is part of a larger initiative called Egypt Vision 2030. Response: The New Administrative Capital is planned city that will replace Cairo as the capital or Egypt. Construction has been underway since 2015 and is planned to be ready by 2030.

What is self advocacy?

Self advocacy is a process in which a person themselves or asks another individual, group, or community to discuss or publish the benefits of what that person has done with others that have external influence to benefit the original person seeking self-advocacy. Self advocacy works well in corporate environments and is a behavior in start-up companies that does not make an impact on performance, ranking or promotion.

open_qa

Instruction: What is self advocacy? Context: Response: Self advocacy is a process in which a person themselves or asks another individual, group, or community to discuss or publish the benefits of what that person has done with others that have external influence to benefit the original person seeking self-advocacy. Self advocacy works well in corporate environments and is a behavior in start-up companies that does not make an impact on performance, ranking or promotion.

when was the first digital electronic calculating machine developed?

The first digital electronic calculating machines were developed during World War II. The first semiconductor transistors in the late 1940s were followed by the silicon-based MOSFET (MOS transistor) and monolithic integrated circuit chip technologies in the late 1950s, leading to the microprocessor and the microcomputer revolution in the 1970s.

general_qa

Instruction: when was the first digital electronic calculating machine developed? Context: Response: The first digital electronic calculating machines were developed during World War II. The first semiconductor transistors in the late 1940s were followed by the silicon-based MOSFET (MOS transistor) and monolithic integrated circuit chip technologies in the late 1950s, leading to the microprocessor and the microcomputer revolution in the 1970s.

What city is WFSD Radio licensed to?

WFSD-LP (107.9 FM) is a low-power FM radio station broadcasting a Christian inspirational format. Licensed to Tallahassee, Florida, United States, the station is currently owned by Tallahassee First Seventh-day Adventist Church, affiliated with LifeTalk Radio.

WFSD Radio is licensed to Tallahassee, Florida, United States

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Instruction: What city is WFSD Radio licensed to? Context: WFSD-LP (107.9 FM) is a low-power FM radio station broadcasting a Christian inspirational format. Licensed to Tallahassee, Florida, United States, the station is currently owned by Tallahassee First Seventh-day Adventist Church, affiliated with LifeTalk Radio. Response: WFSD Radio is licensed to Tallahassee, Florida, United States

Who is the all time leading goal scorer in the NHL?

The all time leading goal scorer in the NHL is Wayne Gretzky with 894 goals., Gretzky played in the NHL for 21 seasons, spending most of his time with the Edmonton Oilers and the Los Angeles Kings, but he also played for the New York Rangers and briefly, for the St Louis Blues.

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Instruction: Who is the all time leading goal scorer in the NHL? Context: Response: The all time leading goal scorer in the NHL is Wayne Gretzky with 894 goals., Gretzky played in the NHL for 21 seasons, spending most of his time with the Edmonton Oilers and the Los Angeles Kings, but he also played for the New York Rangers and briefly, for the St Louis Blues.

What is the difference between Kinesis and Kafka?

Kinesis and Kafka are both distributed streaming platforms that allow you to ingest, process, and store large volumes of streaming data. The main difference between the two is that Kinesis Data Streams is a fully managed service provided by AWS, while Kafka is an open source project that can be run on any infrastructure.

general_qa

Instruction: What is the difference between Kinesis and Kafka? Context: Response: Kinesis and Kafka are both distributed streaming platforms that allow you to ingest, process, and store large volumes of streaming data. The main difference between the two is that Kinesis Data Streams is a fully managed service provided by AWS, while Kafka is an open source project that can be run on any infrastructure.

What is Adventures of Tintin?

The Adventures of Tintin (French: Les Aventures de Tintin [lez‿avɑ̃tyʁ də tɛ̃tɛ̃]) is a series of 24 bande dessinée albums created by Belgian cartoonist Georges Remi, who wrote under the pen name Hergé. The series was one of the most popular European comics of the 20th century. By 2007, a century after Hergé's birth in 1907, Tintin had been published in more than 70 languages with sales of more than 200 million copies, and had been adapted for radio, television, theatre, and film.

Adventures of Tinting is a very popular comic book series created by Belgian cartoonist Georges Remi who wrote under the pen name Herge'. It is a series of 24 comic books that have been published in 70 languages with sales of 200 million copies.

information_extraction

Instruction: What is Adventures of Tintin? Context: The Adventures of Tintin (French: Les Aventures de Tintin [lez‿avɑ̃tyʁ də tɛ̃tɛ̃]) is a series of 24 bande dessinée albums created by Belgian cartoonist Georges Remi, who wrote under the pen name Hergé. The series was one of the most popular European comics of the 20th century. By 2007, a century after Hergé's birth in 1907, Tintin had been published in more than 70 languages with sales of more than 200 million copies, and had been adapted for radio, television, theatre, and film. Response: Adventures of Tinting is a very popular comic book series created by Belgian cartoonist Georges Remi who wrote under the pen name Herge'. It is a series of 24 comic books that have been published in 70 languages with sales of 200 million copies.

Write a brief about your recent vacation

It was family time and no other place came to my mind for a relaxing time to be spent with family. The serene backwaters of the resort were the perfect destination to enjoy the long weekend. This was my daughter's first long drive and she enjoyed the outing and all the nearby vacation spots we visited. We enjoyed the tour and are looking forward to our next visit!

creative_writing

Instruction: Write a brief about your recent vacation Context: Response: It was family time and no other place came to my mind for a relaxing time to be spent with family. The serene backwaters of the resort were the perfect destination to enjoy the long weekend. This was my daughter's first long drive and she enjoyed the outing and all the nearby vacation spots we visited. We enjoyed the tour and are looking forward to our next visit!

What is random access memory?

Random access memory (RAM) is a type of computer memory used to store data that can be accessed quickly. It is also known as dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and is used to store the instructions and data for a computer's operating system and applications. RAM is volatile memory, meaning it will lose its data if the power is turned off. It is also much faster than other types of memory such as hard disk drives and solid state drives.

open_qa

Instruction: What is random access memory? Context: Response: Random access memory (RAM) is a type of computer memory used to store data that can be accessed quickly. It is also known as dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and is used to store the instructions and data for a computer's operating system and applications. RAM is volatile memory, meaning it will lose its data if the power is turned off. It is also much faster than other types of memory such as hard disk drives and solid state drives.

Given this paragraph about Himmerland, which is the largest city in Himmerland?

Himmerland is a peninsula in northeastern Jutland, Denmark. It is delimited to the north and the west by the Limfjord, to the east by the Kattegat, and to the south by the Mariager Fjord. The largest city is Aalborg; smaller towns include Hobro, Aars, Løgstør, Støvring and Nibe. In northeastern Himmerland is the Lille Vildmose, Denmark's largest raised bog, which sustains a rich bird life of international importance.

Aalborg is the largest city in Himmerland.

closed_qa

Instruction: Given this paragraph about Himmerland, which is the largest city in Himmerland? Context: Himmerland is a peninsula in northeastern Jutland, Denmark. It is delimited to the north and the west by the Limfjord, to the east by the Kattegat, and to the south by the Mariager Fjord. The largest city is Aalborg; smaller towns include Hobro, Aars, Løgstør, Støvring and Nibe. In northeastern Himmerland is the Lille Vildmose, Denmark's largest raised bog, which sustains a rich bird life of international importance. Response: Aalborg is the largest city in Himmerland.

What are good gifts for a new mom?

For Baby: Baby Bum Brush (don't laugh, this saves your life as a new mom!) Anything Kyte Baby, I was obsessed with this stuff, its all organic bamboo and SOOOO soft Muslim Burp Cloths - you go through these like WATER for the first few weeks The Story of You - someone got one for my friend and she raves about it! Its a DIY photo journal to document the first year(s) : For Mom: Babysitting coupons: just offering to come over and let her sleep for a few hours for the first few weeks will literally change her life. Truly. This is my #1. Newspaper framed from the day her baby is born: Ricky did this for me, and it meant so much! Just so cool to have. A cleaning service for a month (nobody got this for me, but I ended up getting it for myself, I couldn't keep up!) Uber Eats/Doordash/Instacart Food Delivery Shower Steamers/Spa Day If she has a C-Section, you might want to talk to her about if she needs anything to help make her comfortable? I had one unexpectedly and I didn't realize you needed special underwear, ice packs, etc. I was totally unprepared, haha.

brainstorming

Instruction: What are good gifts for a new mom? Context: Response: For Baby: Baby Bum Brush (don't laugh, this saves your life as a new mom!) Anything Kyte Baby, I was obsessed with this stuff, its all organic bamboo and SOOOO soft Muslim Burp Cloths - you go through these like WATER for the first few weeks The Story of You - someone got one for my friend and she raves about it! Its a DIY photo journal to document the first year(s) : For Mom: Babysitting coupons: just offering to come over and let her sleep for a few hours for the first few weeks will literally change her life. Truly. This is my #1. Newspaper framed from the day her baby is born: Ricky did this for me, and it meant so much! Just so cool to have. A cleaning service for a month (nobody got this for me, but I ended up getting it for myself, I couldn't keep up!) Uber Eats/Doordash/Instacart Food Delivery Shower Steamers/Spa Day If she has a C-Section, you might want to talk to her about if she needs anything to help make her comfortable? I had one unexpectedly and I didn't realize you needed special underwear, ice packs, etc. I was totally unprepared, haha.

What kind of cancer did Agent Dana Scully get diagnosed with in "The X-Files"?

She developed an inoperable nasopharyngeal tumor.

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Instruction: What kind of cancer did Agent Dana Scully get diagnosed with in "The X-Files"? Context: Response: She developed an inoperable nasopharyngeal tumor.

What is Tianwen 1?

China's 1st Mars Exploration Mission

open_qa

Instruction: What is Tianwen 1? Context: Response: China's 1st Mars Exploration Mission

What is Tableau?

Tableau software is a company based in America. They offer visualization and dashboarding software that connects to a company's data in their systems of records. They have a strong presence in the Business Intelligence community as a leader in the visualization space, and they were found in 2003. Now SalesForce owns Tableau as of 2019 and they paid around 16 billion dollars to acquire Tableau.

open_qa

Instruction: What is Tableau? Context: Response: Tableau software is a company based in America. They offer visualization and dashboarding software that connects to a company's data in their systems of records. They have a strong presence in the Business Intelligence community as a leader in the visualization space, and they were found in 2003. Now SalesForce owns Tableau as of 2019 and they paid around 16 billion dollars to acquire Tableau.

Why is Grand Canyon a big deal?

The Grand Canyon is a river valley in the Colorado Plateau that exposes uplifted Proterozoic and Paleozoic strata, and is also one of the six distinct physiographic sections of the Colorado Plateau province. Even though it is not the deepest canyon in the world (Kali Gandaki Gorge in Nepal is much deeper), the Grand Canyon is known for its visually overwhelming size and its intricate and colorful landscape. Geologically, it is significant because of the thick sequence of ancient rocks that are well preserved and exposed in the walls of the canyon. These rock layers record much of the early geologic history of the North American continent.

While Gran Canyon is not the deepest canyon on earth, it bears significant geological significance because of its exposed yet well-preserved rock layers. The rock layers record much of the early geologic history of the North American continent

summarization

Instruction: Why is Grand Canyon a big deal? Context: The Grand Canyon is a river valley in the Colorado Plateau that exposes uplifted Proterozoic and Paleozoic strata, and is also one of the six distinct physiographic sections of the Colorado Plateau province. Even though it is not the deepest canyon in the world (Kali Gandaki Gorge in Nepal is much deeper), the Grand Canyon is known for its visually overwhelming size and its intricate and colorful landscape. Geologically, it is significant because of the thick sequence of ancient rocks that are well preserved and exposed in the walls of the canyon. These rock layers record much of the early geologic history of the North American continent. Response: While Gran Canyon is not the deepest canyon on earth, it bears significant geological significance because of its exposed yet well-preserved rock layers. The rock layers record much of the early geologic history of the North American continent

Which of these are Satellite and Planets: Hydra, Venus, Titan, Kerberos, Pluto, Jupiter, Moon

Satellite: Kerberos, Hydra, Moon, Titan Planets: Pluto, Jupiter, Venus

classification

Instruction: Which of these are Satellite and Planets: Hydra, Venus, Titan, Kerberos, Pluto, Jupiter, Moon Context: Response: Satellite: Kerberos, Hydra, Moon, Titan Planets: Pluto, Jupiter, Venus

In chess, why is the queen valued at nine points instead of eight?

In chess, typically chess pieces are valued based on their importance. For example, Pawn - 1 point Knight - 3 points Bishop - 3 points Rook - 5 points Queen - 9 points Since the queen can move like the bishop and the rook, simple math would suggest that it is valued at 8 points (3 + 5). However, the game of chess, involves complex scenarios and strategies and having a single piece that can move in all directions gives it a distinct advantage during various phases of the chess game. This is why the queen is given a higher point valuation.

creative_writing

Instruction: In chess, why is the queen valued at nine points instead of eight? Context: Response: In chess, typically chess pieces are valued based on their importance. For example, Pawn - 1 point Knight - 3 points Bishop - 3 points Rook - 5 points Queen - 9 points Since the queen can move like the bishop and the rook, simple math would suggest that it is valued at 8 points (3 + 5). However, the game of chess, involves complex scenarios and strategies and having a single piece that can move in all directions gives it a distinct advantage during various phases of the chess game. This is why the queen is given a higher point valuation.

Given this paragraph, who wrote "August?"

August (2001), is the first novel by author Gerard Woodward. It was shortlisted for Whitbread Book Award (2001).

Gerard Woodward

closed_qa

Instruction: Given this paragraph, who wrote "August?" Context: August (2001), is the first novel by author Gerard Woodward. It was shortlisted for Whitbread Book Award (2001). Response: Gerard Woodward

What is Squash the sport?

Squash is a racket-and-ball sport played by two or four players in a four-walled court with a small, hollow, rubber ball. The players alternate in striking the ball with their rackets onto the playable surfaces of the four walls of the court. The objective of the game is to hit the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return. There are about 20 million people who play squash regularly world-wide in over 185 countries. The governing body of Squash, the World Squash Federation (WSF), is recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), but the sport is not part of the Olympic Games, despite a number of applications. Supporters continue to lobby for its incorporation in a future Olympic program. The Professional Squash Association (PSA) organizes the pro tour.

Squash is a sport played with a racket-and-ball in a court with four walls. Scoring goes up to 11 with a point allocated per rally. Typically squash is played by two players but can be played as doubles. Squash is very similar to racquetball.

information_extraction

Instruction: What is Squash the sport? Context: Squash is a racket-and-ball sport played by two or four players in a four-walled court with a small, hollow, rubber ball. The players alternate in striking the ball with their rackets onto the playable surfaces of the four walls of the court. The objective of the game is to hit the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return. There are about 20 million people who play squash regularly world-wide in over 185 countries. The governing body of Squash, the World Squash Federation (WSF), is recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), but the sport is not part of the Olympic Games, despite a number of applications. Supporters continue to lobby for its incorporation in a future Olympic program. The Professional Squash Association (PSA) organizes the pro tour. Response: Squash is a sport played with a racket-and-ball in a court with four walls. Scoring goes up to 11 with a point allocated per rally. Typically squash is played by two players but can be played as doubles. Squash is very similar to racquetball.

What is the best way to make Indian ginger tea?

To make two cups of Indian masala tea, first take 1.5 cups of water in a pot and add about 1 teaspoon of grated ginger, add 2 tablespoons of loose tea leaves (best is Tetley tea). Bring this to boil and add 3/4 cup of milk (whole milk tastes the best) and 3 tablespoons of sugar. Simmer and let the mixture boil for 5 minutes. Use a fine strainer to pour the tea into cups. Enjoy your cup of the best Indian Ginger tea ever.

general_qa

Instruction: What is the best way to make Indian ginger tea? Context: Response: To make two cups of Indian masala tea, first take 1.5 cups of water in a pot and add about 1 teaspoon of grated ginger, add 2 tablespoons of loose tea leaves (best is Tetley tea). Bring this to boil and add 3/4 cup of milk (whole milk tastes the best) and 3 tablespoons of sugar. Simmer and let the mixture boil for 5 minutes. Use a fine strainer to pour the tea into cups. Enjoy your cup of the best Indian Ginger tea ever.

What theme park in the world has the highest cumulative attendance?

Disneyland has a larger cumulative attendance than any other theme park in the world, with 757 million visits since it opened (as of December 2021). In 2018, the park had approximately 18.6 million visits, making it the second most visited amusement park in the world that year, behind only Magic Kingdom, the very park it inspired. According to a 2005 Disney report, 65,700 jobs are supported by the Disneyland Resort, including about 20,000 direct Disney employees and 3,800 third-party employees (independent contractors or their employees). Disney announced "Project Stardust" in 2019, which included major structural renovations to the park to account for higher attendance numbers.

Disneyland, in Anaheim, California, has the largest cumulative attendance of any theme park in the world. As of December, 2021, Disneyland has had 757 million visits since it opened in 1955. Attendance in 2018 was approximately 18.6 million visits, second most visited theme park in the world behind the Magic Kingdom. It's reported that Disneyland supports 65,700 jobs, including 20,000 direct Disney employees and 3,800 third-party employees.

summarization

Instruction: What theme park in the world has the highest cumulative attendance? Context: Disneyland has a larger cumulative attendance than any other theme park in the world, with 757 million visits since it opened (as of December 2021). In 2018, the park had approximately 18.6 million visits, making it the second most visited amusement park in the world that year, behind only Magic Kingdom, the very park it inspired. According to a 2005 Disney report, 65,700 jobs are supported by the Disneyland Resort, including about 20,000 direct Disney employees and 3,800 third-party employees (independent contractors or their employees). Disney announced "Project Stardust" in 2019, which included major structural renovations to the park to account for higher attendance numbers. Response: Disneyland, in Anaheim, California, has the largest cumulative attendance of any theme park in the world. As of December, 2021, Disneyland has had 757 million visits since it opened in 1955. Attendance in 2018 was approximately 18.6 million visits, second most visited theme park in the world behind the Magic Kingdom. It's reported that Disneyland supports 65,700 jobs, including 20,000 direct Disney employees and 3,800 third-party employees.

Who is the best football team in history?

Liverpool Football Club

open_qa

Instruction: Who is the best football team in history? Context: Response: Liverpool Football Club

Tell me whether or not these foods are on EWG's dirty dozen list

avocados, kiwi, pairs, blueberries, green beans, kale, cabbage

classification

Instruction: Tell me whether or not these foods are on EWG's dirty dozen list Context: Response: avocados, kiwi, pairs, blueberries, green beans, kale, cabbage

What is the Turkish drink that tastes similar to

Ouzo is a clear liquid. However, when water or ice is added, ouzo turns a milky-white colour. This is because anethole, the essential oil of anise, is completely soluble in alcohol at approximately 38% ABV and above, but not in water. Diluting the spirit causes it to separate, creating an emulsion whose fine droplets scatter the light. This process is called louching and is also seen while preparing absinthe. The drinks with a similar flavour of Ouzu include sambuca from (Italy), pastis from (France), oghi (from Armenia), rakı from Turkey, and arak (from the Levant). Its aniseed flavour is also similar to the anise-flavoured liqueur of anís (Spain) and the stronger spirits of absinthe (France and Switzerland). Aguardiente (Latin America), made from sugar cane, is also similar. The Italian drink Pallini Mistra, named after the Greek city of Mystras in the Peloponnese is a version of ouzo made in Rome that closely resembles Greek and Cypriot ouzo.

Rakı is a drink from Turkey that has similar flavour with Ouzo.

information_extraction

Instruction: What is the Turkish drink that tastes similar to Context: Ouzo is a clear liquid. However, when water or ice is added, ouzo turns a milky-white colour. This is because anethole, the essential oil of anise, is completely soluble in alcohol at approximately 38% ABV and above, but not in water. Diluting the spirit causes it to separate, creating an emulsion whose fine droplets scatter the light. This process is called louching and is also seen while preparing absinthe. The drinks with a similar flavour of Ouzu include sambuca from (Italy), pastis from (France), oghi (from Armenia), rakı from Turkey, and arak (from the Levant). Its aniseed flavour is also similar to the anise-flavoured liqueur of anís (Spain) and the stronger spirits of absinthe (France and Switzerland). Aguardiente (Latin America), made from sugar cane, is also similar. The Italian drink Pallini Mistra, named after the Greek city of Mystras in the Peloponnese is a version of ouzo made in Rome that closely resembles Greek and Cypriot ouzo. Response: Rakı is a drink from Turkey that has similar flavour with Ouzo.

What are some of the most famous rock bands from Seattle, Washington?

Famous rock bands from Seattle include Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden, and Foo Fighters.

open_qa

Instruction: What are some of the most famous rock bands from Seattle, Washington? Context: Response: Famous rock bands from Seattle include Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden, and Foo Fighters.

How can I make every color of paint?

To make paint colors you need the three primary colors: red, yellow, and blue, as well as black and white to adjust shade (black mixed with color) and tint (white mixed with color). The primary colors red and yellow mix to make orange, red and blue mix to make purple, and yellow and blue mix to make green. Other common colors such as pink can be obtained by mixing black white to these base colors. For example, pink can be created by mixing a lot of white with a small amount of red.

open_qa

Instruction: How can I make every color of paint? Context: Response: To make paint colors you need the three primary colors: red, yellow, and blue, as well as black and white to adjust shade (black mixed with color) and tint (white mixed with color). The primary colors red and yellow mix to make orange, red and blue mix to make purple, and yellow and blue mix to make green. Other common colors such as pink can be obtained by mixing black white to these base colors. For example, pink can be created by mixing a lot of white with a small amount of red.

Extract the names of the editors of Transportation Research Part D. Separate them with a comma.

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment is a peer-reviewed, international scientific journal which publishes work relating to land, sea, and air transportation systems and their impact on environmental systems. It was established in 1996 and is published by Elsevier. The editors-in-chief are Robert Noland (Rutgers University) and Jason Cao (University of Minnesota, Twin Cities).

Robert Noland, Jason Cao

information_extraction

Instruction: Extract the names of the editors of Transportation Research Part D. Separate them with a comma. Context: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment is a peer-reviewed, international scientific journal which publishes work relating to land, sea, and air transportation systems and their impact on environmental systems. It was established in 1996 and is published by Elsevier. The editors-in-chief are Robert Noland (Rutgers University) and Jason Cao (University of Minnesota, Twin Cities). Response: Robert Noland, Jason Cao

Based on the reference text about coffee, tell me where coffee plants are primarily grown and the most common bean types.

Coffee is a beverage prepared from roasted coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It has the highest sales in the world market for hot drinks. Seeds of the Coffea plant's fruits are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The beans are roasted and then ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often used to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. Though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest credible evidence of coffee drinking in the form of the modern beverage appears in modern-day Yemen from the mid-15th century in Sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to current methods. The Yemenis procured the coffee beans from the Ethiopian Highlands via coastal Somali intermediaries and began cultivation. By the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the Middle East and North Africa, later spreading to Europe. In the 20th century, coffee became a global commodity, creating different coffee cultures around the world. The two most commonly grown coffee bean types are C. arabica and C. robusta. Coffee plants are cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Africa. As of 2018, Brazil was the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of the world's total. Green, unroasted coffee is traded as an agricultural commodity. Despite sales of coffee reaching billions of dollars worldwide, farmers producing coffee beans disproportionately live in poverty. Critics of the coffee industry have also pointed to its negative impact on the environment and the clearing of land for coffee-growing and water use

Coffee plants are cultivated mainly in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Africa. The most common types of coffee beans are arabica and robusta.

closed_qa

Instruction: Based on the reference text about coffee, tell me where coffee plants are primarily grown and the most common bean types. Context: Coffee is a beverage prepared from roasted coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It has the highest sales in the world market for hot drinks. Seeds of the Coffea plant's fruits are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The beans are roasted and then ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often used to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. Though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest credible evidence of coffee drinking in the form of the modern beverage appears in modern-day Yemen from the mid-15th century in Sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to current methods. The Yemenis procured the coffee beans from the Ethiopian Highlands via coastal Somali intermediaries and began cultivation. By the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the Middle East and North Africa, later spreading to Europe. In the 20th century, coffee became a global commodity, creating different coffee cultures around the world. The two most commonly grown coffee bean types are C. arabica and C. robusta. Coffee plants are cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Africa. As of 2018, Brazil was the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of the world's total. Green, unroasted coffee is traded as an agricultural commodity. Despite sales of coffee reaching billions of dollars worldwide, farmers producing coffee beans disproportionately live in poverty. Critics of the coffee industry have also pointed to its negative impact on the environment and the clearing of land for coffee-growing and water use Response: Coffee plants are cultivated mainly in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Africa. The most common types of coffee beans are arabica and robusta.

How do you explain cloud computing to a 5 year old?

Imagine you are building some thing using lego pieces. All of your legos are in basket. As you start to build your desired structure you start to take 1-3 or couple of handful of legos from the basket. As you start to give some shape to the structure you are designing you start to put back some of the legos into the basket you don't need. Overtime you keep changing the shape slightly here and there; sometimes making the structure smaller and sometimes a little bigger. And you are doing all of these from the lego collection in the basket of yours. Cloud computing in a similar way is compute power that you can rent out from a cloud provider who has huge data centers spread across the world (This is the basket). As your application needs compute resources to meet the demand; you borrow compute resources from the cloud providers data center and give it back when you don't need it.

general_qa

Instruction: How do you explain cloud computing to a 5 year old? Context: Response: Imagine you are building some thing using lego pieces. All of your legos are in basket. As you start to build your desired structure you start to take 1-3 or couple of handful of legos from the basket. As you start to give some shape to the structure you are designing you start to put back some of the legos into the basket you don't need. Overtime you keep changing the shape slightly here and there; sometimes making the structure smaller and sometimes a little bigger. And you are doing all of these from the lego collection in the basket of yours. Cloud computing in a similar way is compute power that you can rent out from a cloud provider who has huge data centers spread across the world (This is the basket). As your application needs compute resources to meet the demand; you borrow compute resources from the cloud providers data center and give it back when you don't need it.

Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Kpanlogo, Shamisen

Shamisen is string, Kpanlogo is percussion.

classification

Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Kpanlogo, Shamisen Context: Response: Shamisen is string, Kpanlogo is percussion.

What’s it like living in NYC compared to other US cities?

New York City is a large metropolis and is known to be the city that never sleeps. While downtowns of typical American cities become empty during non-working hours, every area of NYC is full of people at any given time. Most people living there don’t own cars and use the subway to get around to different parts of the city.

general_qa

Instruction: What’s it like living in NYC compared to other US cities? Context: Response: New York City is a large metropolis and is known to be the city that never sleeps. While downtowns of typical American cities become empty during non-working hours, every area of NYC is full of people at any given time. Most people living there don’t own cars and use the subway to get around to different parts of the city.

What elements make a soap opera and what are examples?

A soap opera is typically a long-running show that follows a family. Audiences associate the following key elements with the genre. Most notably, there is family drama regarding the struggle for power over a position. There’s also sibling rivalry, sometimes in the form of a love triangle. For example, the same woman is the love interest of two brothers. Soap operas are also known for a character’s unidentified paternity, also known as “Who’s the Daddy?” or WTD storyline. Such a plot point typically arises from the previously mentioned love triangle. Another element soap operas are best known for is soap opera rapid aging syndrome (SORAS), in which a child character is not seen on-screen for a long period of time so that the character is rapidly aged so that they may now participate in adult storylines. The final element that characterizes a soap opera is a secret relative that seemingly appears out of nowhere, usually to challenge a main character for power. The best known examples of soap operas are shows on daytime television such as General Hospital, Days of Our Lives, and The Young & the Restless. However, soap operas can also include primetime shows such as Grey’s Anatomy and even blockbuster movies such as Black Panther and Black Panther: Wakanda Forever, which exhibit many elements that allow for these works to be considered soap operas.

general_qa

Instruction: What elements make a soap opera and what are examples? Context: Response: A soap opera is typically a long-running show that follows a family. Audiences associate the following key elements with the genre. Most notably, there is family drama regarding the struggle for power over a position. There’s also sibling rivalry, sometimes in the form of a love triangle. For example, the same woman is the love interest of two brothers. Soap operas are also known for a character’s unidentified paternity, also known as “Who’s the Daddy?” or WTD storyline. Such a plot point typically arises from the previously mentioned love triangle. Another element soap operas are best known for is soap opera rapid aging syndrome (SORAS), in which a child character is not seen on-screen for a long period of time so that the character is rapidly aged so that they may now participate in adult storylines. The final element that characterizes a soap opera is a secret relative that seemingly appears out of nowhere, usually to challenge a main character for power. The best known examples of soap operas are shows on daytime television such as General Hospital, Days of Our Lives, and The Young & the Restless. However, soap operas can also include primetime shows such as Grey’s Anatomy and even blockbuster movies such as Black Panther and Black Panther: Wakanda Forever, which exhibit many elements that allow for these works to be considered soap operas.

What is sweep rowing?

Rowing, sometimes called crew in the United States, is the sport of racing boats using oars. It differs from paddling sports in that rowing oars are attached to the boat using oarlocks, while paddles are not connected to the boat. Rowing is divided into two disciplines: sculling and sweep rowing. In sculling, each rower holds two oars—one in each hand, while in sweep rowing each rower holds one oar with both hands. There are several boat classes in which athletes may compete, ranging from single sculls, occupied by one person, to shells with eight rowers and a coxswain, called eights. There are a wide variety of course types and formats of racing, but most elite and championship level racing is conducted on calm water courses 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long with several lanes marked using buoys.

Sweep rowing is a rowing discipline in which rowers hold one oar with both hands.

summarization

Instruction: What is sweep rowing? Context: Rowing, sometimes called crew in the United States, is the sport of racing boats using oars. It differs from paddling sports in that rowing oars are attached to the boat using oarlocks, while paddles are not connected to the boat. Rowing is divided into two disciplines: sculling and sweep rowing. In sculling, each rower holds two oars—one in each hand, while in sweep rowing each rower holds one oar with both hands. There are several boat classes in which athletes may compete, ranging from single sculls, occupied by one person, to shells with eight rowers and a coxswain, called eights. There are a wide variety of course types and formats of racing, but most elite and championship level racing is conducted on calm water courses 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long with several lanes marked using buoys. Response: Sweep rowing is a rowing discipline in which rowers hold one oar with both hands.

Tell me about Crater Lake National Park

Crater Lake National Park, located in Oregon is an astonishing national park full of beautiful views and pristine natural surroundings. The Park itself was officially founded in 1902 but prior to that it was considered a holy place by Native American Indians for hundreds of years. The water in Crater Lake is a deep, dark blue and remains relatively cold year round. Crater Lake is actually the remnant of an imploded volcano that filled with water of the centuries and is in fact, the deepest lake in the United States. The caldera itself is 6 miles by 5 miles and more than a half mile deep. The rim offers some spectacular views of the lake itself and surrounding caldera formation.

creative_writing

Instruction: Tell me about Crater Lake National Park Context: Response: Crater Lake National Park, located in Oregon is an astonishing national park full of beautiful views and pristine natural surroundings. The Park itself was officially founded in 1902 but prior to that it was considered a holy place by Native American Indians for hundreds of years. The water in Crater Lake is a deep, dark blue and remains relatively cold year round. Crater Lake is actually the remnant of an imploded volcano that filled with water of the centuries and is in fact, the deepest lake in the United States. The caldera itself is 6 miles by 5 miles and more than a half mile deep. The rim offers some spectacular views of the lake itself and surrounding caldera formation.

Given this paragraph, who wrote and directed Heads I Win, Tails You Lose

Heads I Win, Tails You Lose (Italian: Testa o Croce, also known as Heads or Tails) is a 1982 Italian comedy film written and directed by Nanni Loy. The film consists in two back-to-back stories that deals with two "taboo" themes, the celibacy of the clergy in the episode of Renato Pozzetto and the homosexuality in the one with Nino Manfredi.

Based on this passage of text, Nanni Loy wrote and directed the movie Heads I Win, Tails You Lose.

closed_qa

Instruction: Given this paragraph, who wrote and directed Heads I Win, Tails You Lose Context: Heads I Win, Tails You Lose (Italian: Testa o Croce, also known as Heads or Tails) is a 1982 Italian comedy film written and directed by Nanni Loy. The film consists in two back-to-back stories that deals with two "taboo" themes, the celibacy of the clergy in the episode of Renato Pozzetto and the homosexuality in the one with Nino Manfredi. Response: Based on this passage of text, Nanni Loy wrote and directed the movie Heads I Win, Tails You Lose.

What are the different air routes for traveling between Genova (GOA) and San Francisco (SFO) from fastest to longest?

1 - GOA-MUC-SFO (United Airlines) 2 - GOA-FRA-SFO (United Airlines) 3 - GOA-AMS-SFO (KLM) 4 - GOA-FCO-SFO (ITA Airways) 5 - GOA-FCO-JFK-SFO (ITA Airways + Delta Airlines) 6 - GOA-FCO-LAX-SFO (ITA Airways + Delta Airlines) 7 - GOA-AMS-JFK-SFO (KLM + Delta Airlines) 8 - GOA-AMS-ATL-SFO (KLM + Delta Airlines) 9 - GOA-AMS-MSP-SFO (KLM + Delta Airlines)

brainstorming

Instruction: What are the different air routes for traveling between Genova (GOA) and San Francisco (SFO) from fastest to longest? Context: Response: 1 - GOA-MUC-SFO (United Airlines) 2 - GOA-FRA-SFO (United Airlines) 3 - GOA-AMS-SFO (KLM) 4 - GOA-FCO-SFO (ITA Airways) 5 - GOA-FCO-JFK-SFO (ITA Airways + Delta Airlines) 6 - GOA-FCO-LAX-SFO (ITA Airways + Delta Airlines) 7 - GOA-AMS-JFK-SFO (KLM + Delta Airlines) 8 - GOA-AMS-ATL-SFO (KLM + Delta Airlines) 9 - GOA-AMS-MSP-SFO (KLM + Delta Airlines)

Given this paragraph about the sport of triathlon, what are the individual sports make up a triathlon

A triathlon is an endurance multisport race consisting of swimming, cycling, and running over various distances. Triathletes compete for fastest overall completion time, racing each segment sequentially with the time transitioning between the disciplines included

Triathlon is a multi-sport discipline consisting of three sports performed back to back without rest. An event is made up of swimming, followed by cycling and then running. Athletes transition between the individual sports as quickly as possible, with the winner completing the course in the fastest time.

closed_qa

Instruction: Given this paragraph about the sport of triathlon, what are the individual sports make up a triathlon Context: A triathlon is an endurance multisport race consisting of swimming, cycling, and running over various distances. Triathletes compete for fastest overall completion time, racing each segment sequentially with the time transitioning between the disciplines included Response: Triathlon is a multi-sport discipline consisting of three sports performed back to back without rest. An event is made up of swimming, followed by cycling and then running. Athletes transition between the individual sports as quickly as possible, with the winner completing the course in the fastest time.

Who is Linda Hargreaves

Linda Hargreaves is a British actress who has appeared on both stage and screen. She made her television debut in the BBC soap opera Doctors and has since returned to the soap on three separate occasions in different roles, most recently in the recurring role of Constance Buchanan. She has also appeared in various television series including Containment and Call the Midwife.

open_qa

Instruction: Who is Linda Hargreaves Context: Response: Linda Hargreaves is a British actress who has appeared on both stage and screen. She made her television debut in the BBC soap opera Doctors and has since returned to the soap on three separate occasions in different roles, most recently in the recurring role of Constance Buchanan. She has also appeared in various television series including Containment and Call the Midwife.

Given the following paragraph on cell structure, what is an example of membrane proteins?

Every cell is enclosed within a cell membrane that separates its cytoplasm from the extracellular space. A cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer, including cholesterols that sit between phospholipids to maintain their fluidity at various temperatures. Cell membranes are semipermeable, allowing small molecules such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water to pass through while restricting the movement of larger molecules and charged particles such as ions. Cell membranes also contains membrane proteins, including integral membrane proteins that go across the membrane serving as membrane transporters, and peripheral proteins that loosely attach to the outer side of the cell membrane, acting as enzymes shaping the cell. Cell membranes are involved in various cellular processes such as cell adhesion, storing electrical energy, and cell signalling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures such as a cell wall, glycocalyx, and cytoskeleton.

One example of membrane proteins are integral membrane proteins which go across the membrane and serve as membrane transporters.

closed_qa

Instruction: Given the following paragraph on cell structure, what is an example of membrane proteins? Context: Every cell is enclosed within a cell membrane that separates its cytoplasm from the extracellular space. A cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer, including cholesterols that sit between phospholipids to maintain their fluidity at various temperatures. Cell membranes are semipermeable, allowing small molecules such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water to pass through while restricting the movement of larger molecules and charged particles such as ions. Cell membranes also contains membrane proteins, including integral membrane proteins that go across the membrane serving as membrane transporters, and peripheral proteins that loosely attach to the outer side of the cell membrane, acting as enzymes shaping the cell. Cell membranes are involved in various cellular processes such as cell adhesion, storing electrical energy, and cell signalling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures such as a cell wall, glycocalyx, and cytoskeleton. Response: One example of membrane proteins are integral membrane proteins which go across the membrane and serve as membrane transporters.

Is it safe to look at the sun directly?

No, it is not safe to look directly at the sun as it can cause damage to the eyes

open_qa

Instruction: Is it safe to look at the sun directly? Context: Response: No, it is not safe to look directly at the sun as it can cause damage to the eyes

What US state has the most coastline?

Alaska is the state with the largest coastline at approximately 66,000 miles.

general_qa

Instruction: What US state has the most coastline? Context: Response: Alaska is the state with the largest coastline at approximately 66,000 miles.

Extract a list of poems and the year they were published in the following form: {Poem name}: {Year published} And sort the list chronologically

Piombino's first published poems appeared in 1965 in American Weave Literary Journal. Throughout the 1970s, he continued to publish in small literary journals, such as The World, Dodgems, Telephone, and Roof. His first volume of poetry, titled simply Poems, was published by the Sun & Moon Press in 1988 and won an Author's Recognition Award from the Postgraduate Center for Mental Health in 1992.[citation needed] His second chapbook, Light Street, did not appear until 1996. It was followed by Theoretical Objects (1999), a collection of manifestos, aphorisms, essays, and seemingly autobiographical prose poems. Piombino's poetry took a different turn with Hegelian Honeymoon (2004), in which he moved away from the conventions of Language poetry to explore more traditional forms. Inspired by the poetry that accompanied an exhibition of Japanese calligraphy, the poems are a cross between haiku and aphorism. The poems were originally published on the SUNY/Buffalo poetics list-serve before being published in chapbook form by Chax Press.

Sure, here is a chronologically-sorted list of poems and the year they were published: Poems: 1988 Light Street: 1996 Theoretical Objects: 1999 Hegelian Honeymoon: 2004

information_extraction

Instruction: Extract a list of poems and the year they were published in the following form: {Poem name}: {Year published} And sort the list chronologically Context: Piombino's first published poems appeared in 1965 in American Weave Literary Journal. Throughout the 1970s, he continued to publish in small literary journals, such as The World, Dodgems, Telephone, and Roof. His first volume of poetry, titled simply Poems, was published by the Sun & Moon Press in 1988 and won an Author's Recognition Award from the Postgraduate Center for Mental Health in 1992.[citation needed] His second chapbook, Light Street, did not appear until 1996. It was followed by Theoretical Objects (1999), a collection of manifestos, aphorisms, essays, and seemingly autobiographical prose poems. Piombino's poetry took a different turn with Hegelian Honeymoon (2004), in which he moved away from the conventions of Language poetry to explore more traditional forms. Inspired by the poetry that accompanied an exhibition of Japanese calligraphy, the poems are a cross between haiku and aphorism. The poems were originally published on the SUNY/Buffalo poetics list-serve before being published in chapbook form by Chax Press. Response: Sure, here is a chronologically-sorted list of poems and the year they were published: Poems: 1988 Light Street: 1996 Theoretical Objects: 1999 Hegelian Honeymoon: 2004

In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Thenn?

Sigorn, son of Styr

open_qa

Instruction: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Thenn? Context: Response: Sigorn, son of Styr

Given this paragraph, which was built first Disneyland or Disney World?

Designed to supplement Disneyland in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955, the complex was developed by Walt Disney in the 1960s. "The Florida Project", as it was known, was intended to present a distinct vision with its own diverse set of attractions. Walt Disney's original plans also called for the inclusion of an "Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow" (EPCOT), a planned community intended to serve as a testbed for new city-living innovations. Walt Disney died on December 15, 1966, during the initial planning of the complex. After his death, the company wrestled with the idea of whether to bring the Disney World project to fruition; however, Walt's older brother, Roy O. Disney, came out of retirement to make sure Walt's biggest dream was realized. Construction started in 1967, with the company instead building a resort similar to Disneyland, abandoning the experimental concepts for a planned community. The Magic Kingdom was the first theme park to open in the complex, in 1971, followed by Epcot (1982), Disney's Hollywood Studios (1989), and Disney's Animal Kingdom (1998). It was Roy who insisted the name of the entire complex be changed from Disney World to Walt Disney World, ensuring that people would remember that the project was Walt's dream.

According to this text, Disneyland was built first in 1955, with Disney World construction starting later in 1967 and first opening in 1971.

closed_qa

Instruction: Given this paragraph, which was built first Disneyland or Disney World? Context: Designed to supplement Disneyland in Anaheim, California, which had opened in 1955, the complex was developed by Walt Disney in the 1960s. "The Florida Project", as it was known, was intended to present a distinct vision with its own diverse set of attractions. Walt Disney's original plans also called for the inclusion of an "Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow" (EPCOT), a planned community intended to serve as a testbed for new city-living innovations. Walt Disney died on December 15, 1966, during the initial planning of the complex. After his death, the company wrestled with the idea of whether to bring the Disney World project to fruition; however, Walt's older brother, Roy O. Disney, came out of retirement to make sure Walt's biggest dream was realized. Construction started in 1967, with the company instead building a resort similar to Disneyland, abandoning the experimental concepts for a planned community. The Magic Kingdom was the first theme park to open in the complex, in 1971, followed by Epcot (1982), Disney's Hollywood Studios (1989), and Disney's Animal Kingdom (1998). It was Roy who insisted the name of the entire complex be changed from Disney World to Walt Disney World, ensuring that people would remember that the project was Walt's dream. Response: According to this text, Disneyland was built first in 1955, with Disney World construction starting later in 1967 and first opening in 1971.

What is the best part of living in the Midwest?

Midwest is often overlooked as the flyover states, but in fact the quality of life is probably better in the midwest than in the coasts. For one thing, real-estate is more affordable and cost of owning a home is much less than in the coasts. Midwest is also the home of some iconic companies such as General Electric, General Mills, Caterpillar and Kohler to name a few. Midwest also has lot of wooded areas with lakes which make it a great destination for hiking, adventure sports and fishing.

general_qa

Instruction: What is the best part of living in the Midwest? Context: Response: Midwest is often overlooked as the flyover states, but in fact the quality of life is probably better in the midwest than in the coasts. For one thing, real-estate is more affordable and cost of owning a home is much less than in the coasts. Midwest is also the home of some iconic companies such as General Electric, General Mills, Caterpillar and Kohler to name a few. Midwest also has lot of wooded areas with lakes which make it a great destination for hiking, adventure sports and fishing.