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+ ---
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+ annotations_creators:
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+ - expert_generated
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+ language_creators:
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+ - found
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+ languages:
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+ - zu
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+ licenses:
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+ - cc-by-4.0
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+ multilinguality:
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+ - monolingual
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+ size_categories:
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+ - 1K<n<10K
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+ source_datasets:
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+ - original
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+ task_categories:
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+ - text_classification
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+ task_ids:
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+ - fact_checking
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+ - sentiment-classification
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+ paperswithcode_id:
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+ pretty_name: ZUstance
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+ ---
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+
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+ # Dataset Card for "zulu-stance"
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+
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+ ## Table of Contents
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+ - [Dataset Description](#dataset-description)
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+ - [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary)
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+ - [Supported Tasks and Leaderboards](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards)
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+ - [Languages](#languages)
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+ - [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure)
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+ - [Data Instances](#data-instances)
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+ - [Data Fields](#data-fields)
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+ - [Data Splits](#data-splits)
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+ - [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation)
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+ - [Curation Rationale](#curation-rationale)
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+ - [Source Data](#source-data)
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+ - [Annotations](#annotations)
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+ - [Personal and Sensitive Information](#personal-and-sensitive-information)
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+ - [Considerations for Using the Data](#considerations-for-using-the-data)
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+ - [Social Impact of Dataset](#social-impact-of-dataset)
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+ - [Discussion of Biases](#discussion-of-biases)
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+ - [Other Known Limitations](#other-known-limitations)
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+ - [Additional Information](#additional-information)
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+ - [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators)
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+ - [Licensing Information](#licensing-information)
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+ - [Citation Information](#citation-information)
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+ - [Contributions](#contributions)
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+
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+ ## Dataset Description
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+
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+ - **Homepage:** [https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.03153](https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.03153)
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+ - **Repository:**
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+ - **Paper:** [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.03153](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.03153)
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+ - **Point of Contact:** [Leon Derczynski](https://github.com/leondz)
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+ - **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 212.54 KiB
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+ - **Size of the generated dataset:** 186.76 KiB
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+ - **Total amount of disk used:** 399.30KiB
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+
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+ ### Dataset Summary
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+
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+ This is a stance detection dataset in the Zulu language. The data is translated to Zulu by Zulu native speakers, from English source texts.
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+
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+ Our paper aims at utilizing this progress made for English to transfers that knowledge into other languages, which is a non-trivial task due to the domain gap between English and the target languages. We propose a black-box non-intrusive method that utilizes techniques from Domain Adaptation to reduce the domain gap, without requiring any human expertise in the target language, by leveraging low-quality data in both a supervised and unsupervised manner. This allows us to rapidly achieve similar results for stance detection for the Zulu language, the target language in this work, as are found for English. A natively-translated dataset is used for evaluation of domain transfer.
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+
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+ This dataset only defines a `TEST` partition.
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+
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+ ### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
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+
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+ *
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+
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+ ### Languages
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+
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+ Zulu (`bcp47:zu`)
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+
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+ ## Dataset Structure
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+
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+ ### Data Instances
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+
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+ #### zulu_stance
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+
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+ - **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 212.54 KiB
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+ - **Size of the generated dataset:** 186.76 KiB
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+ - **Total amount of disk used:** 399.30KiB
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+
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+ An example of 'train' looks as follows.
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+
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+ ```
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+ {
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+ 'id': '0',
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+ 'text': 'ubukhulu be-islam buba sobala lapho i-smartphone ifaka i-ramayana njengo-ramadan. #semst',
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+ 'target': 'Atheism',
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+ 'stance': 1}
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+
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+ ```
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+
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+
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+ ### Data Fields
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+
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+ - `id`: a `string` feature.
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+ - `text`: a `string` expressing a stance.
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+ - `target`: a `string` of the target/topic annotated here.
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+ - `stance`: a class label representing the stance the text expresses towards the target. Full tagset with indices:
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+
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+ ```
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+ 0: "FAVOR",
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+ 1: "AGAINST",
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+ 2: "NONE",
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+ ```
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+
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+ ### Data Splits
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+
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+ | name |train|
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+ |---------|----:|
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+ |zulu_stance|1343 sentences|
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+
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+ ## Dataset Creation
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+
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+ ### Curation Rationale
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+
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+ To enable stance detection in Zulu and also to measure domain transfer in translation
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+
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+ ### Source Data
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+
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+ #### Initial Data Collection and Normalization
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+
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+ The original data is taken from [Semeval2016 task 6: Detecting stance in tweets.](https://aclanthology.org/S16-1003/),
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+ and then translated manually to Zulu.
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+
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+ #### Who are the source language producers?
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+
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+ English-speaking Twitter users.
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+
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+ ### Annotations
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+
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+ #### Annotation process
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+
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+ See [Semeval2016 task 6: Detecting stance in tweets.](https://aclanthology.org/S16-1003/); the annotations are taken from there.
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+
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+ #### Who are the annotators?
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+
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+ See [Semeval2016 task 6: Detecting stance in tweets.](https://aclanthology.org/S16-1003/); the annotations are taken from there.
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+
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+ ### Personal and Sensitive Information
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+
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+ The data was public at the time of collection. User names are preserved.
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+
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+ ## Considerations for Using the Data
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+
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+ ### Social Impact of Dataset
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+
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+ There's a risk of user-deleted content being in this data. The data has NOT been vetted for any content, so there's a risk of [harmful text](https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.14256) content.
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+
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+ ### Discussion of Biases
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+
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+ While the data is in Zulu, the source text is not from or about Zulu-speakers, and so still expresses the social biases and topics found in English-speaking Twitter users. Further, some of the topics are USA-specific. The sentiments and ideas in this dataset do not represent Zulu speakers.
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+
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+ ### Other Known Limitations
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+
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+ The above limitations apply.
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+
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+ ## Additional Information
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+
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+ ### Dataset Curators
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+
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+ The dataset is curated by the paper's authors.
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+
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+ ### Licensing Information
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+
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+ The authors distribute this data under Creative Commons attribution license, CC-BY 4.0.
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+
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+ ### Citation Information
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+
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+ ```
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+ @inproceedings{dlamini_zulu_stance,
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+ title={Bridging the Domain Gap for Stance Detection for the Zulu language},
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+ author={Dlamini, Gcinizwe and Bekkouch, Imad Eddine Ibrahim and Khan, Adil and Derczynski, Leon},
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+ booktitle={Proceedings of IEEE IntelliSys},
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+ year={2022}
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+ }
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+ ```
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+
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+
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+ ### Contributions
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+
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+ Author-added dataset [@leondz](https://github.com/leondz)