Datasets:
Tasks:
Text Classification
Modalities:
Text
Languages:
Zulu
Size:
1K - 10K
ArXiv:
Tags:
stance-detection
License:
add README / dataset card
Browse files
README.md
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---
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annotations_creators:
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- expert_generated
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language_creators:
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- found
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languages:
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- zu
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licenses:
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- cc-by-4.0
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multilinguality:
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- monolingual
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size_categories:
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- 1K<n<10K
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source_datasets:
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- original
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task_categories:
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- text_classification
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task_ids:
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- fact_checking
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- sentiment-classification
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paperswithcode_id:
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pretty_name: ZUstance
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---
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# Dataset Card for "zulu-stance"
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## Table of Contents
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- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description)
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- [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary)
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- [Supported Tasks and Leaderboards](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards)
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- [Languages](#languages)
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- [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure)
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- [Data Instances](#data-instances)
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- [Data Fields](#data-fields)
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- [Data Splits](#data-splits)
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- [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation)
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- [Curation Rationale](#curation-rationale)
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- [Source Data](#source-data)
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- [Annotations](#annotations)
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- [Personal and Sensitive Information](#personal-and-sensitive-information)
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- [Considerations for Using the Data](#considerations-for-using-the-data)
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- [Social Impact of Dataset](#social-impact-of-dataset)
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- [Discussion of Biases](#discussion-of-biases)
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- [Other Known Limitations](#other-known-limitations)
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- [Additional Information](#additional-information)
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- [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators)
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- [Licensing Information](#licensing-information)
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- [Citation Information](#citation-information)
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- [Contributions](#contributions)
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## Dataset Description
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- **Homepage:** [https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.03153](https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.03153)
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- **Repository:**
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- **Paper:** [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.03153](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.03153)
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- **Point of Contact:** [Leon Derczynski](https://github.com/leondz)
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- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 212.54 KiB
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- **Size of the generated dataset:** 186.76 KiB
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- **Total amount of disk used:** 399.30KiB
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### Dataset Summary
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This is a stance detection dataset in the Zulu language. The data is translated to Zulu by Zulu native speakers, from English source texts.
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Our paper aims at utilizing this progress made for English to transfers that knowledge into other languages, which is a non-trivial task due to the domain gap between English and the target languages. We propose a black-box non-intrusive method that utilizes techniques from Domain Adaptation to reduce the domain gap, without requiring any human expertise in the target language, by leveraging low-quality data in both a supervised and unsupervised manner. This allows us to rapidly achieve similar results for stance detection for the Zulu language, the target language in this work, as are found for English. A natively-translated dataset is used for evaluation of domain transfer.
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This dataset only defines a `TEST` partition.
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### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
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*
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### Languages
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Zulu (`bcp47:zu`)
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## Dataset Structure
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### Data Instances
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#### zulu_stance
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- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 212.54 KiB
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- **Size of the generated dataset:** 186.76 KiB
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- **Total amount of disk used:** 399.30KiB
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An example of 'train' looks as follows.
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```
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{
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'id': '0',
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'text': 'ubukhulu be-islam buba sobala lapho i-smartphone ifaka i-ramayana njengo-ramadan. #semst',
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'target': 'Atheism',
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'stance': 1}
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```
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### Data Fields
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- `id`: a `string` feature.
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- `text`: a `string` expressing a stance.
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- `target`: a `string` of the target/topic annotated here.
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- `stance`: a class label representing the stance the text expresses towards the target. Full tagset with indices:
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```
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0: "FAVOR",
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1: "AGAINST",
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2: "NONE",
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```
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### Data Splits
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| name |train|
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|---------|----:|
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|zulu_stance|1343 sentences|
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## Dataset Creation
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### Curation Rationale
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To enable stance detection in Zulu and also to measure domain transfer in translation
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### Source Data
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#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization
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The original data is taken from [Semeval2016 task 6: Detecting stance in tweets.](https://aclanthology.org/S16-1003/),
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and then translated manually to Zulu.
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#### Who are the source language producers?
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English-speaking Twitter users.
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### Annotations
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#### Annotation process
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See [Semeval2016 task 6: Detecting stance in tweets.](https://aclanthology.org/S16-1003/); the annotations are taken from there.
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#### Who are the annotators?
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See [Semeval2016 task 6: Detecting stance in tweets.](https://aclanthology.org/S16-1003/); the annotations are taken from there.
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### Personal and Sensitive Information
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The data was public at the time of collection. User names are preserved.
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## Considerations for Using the Data
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### Social Impact of Dataset
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There's a risk of user-deleted content being in this data. The data has NOT been vetted for any content, so there's a risk of [harmful text](https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.14256) content.
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### Discussion of Biases
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While the data is in Zulu, the source text is not from or about Zulu-speakers, and so still expresses the social biases and topics found in English-speaking Twitter users. Further, some of the topics are USA-specific. The sentiments and ideas in this dataset do not represent Zulu speakers.
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### Other Known Limitations
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The above limitations apply.
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## Additional Information
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### Dataset Curators
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The dataset is curated by the paper's authors.
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### Licensing Information
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The authors distribute this data under Creative Commons attribution license, CC-BY 4.0.
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### Citation Information
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```
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@inproceedings{dlamini_zulu_stance,
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title={Bridging the Domain Gap for Stance Detection for the Zulu language},
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author={Dlamini, Gcinizwe and Bekkouch, Imad Eddine Ibrahim and Khan, Adil and Derczynski, Leon},
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booktitle={Proceedings of IEEE IntelliSys},
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year={2022}
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}
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```
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### Contributions
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Author-added dataset [@leondz](https://github.com/leondz)
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