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35624499-7ec5-46f1-8cc2-befa686829c4

A 23-year-old lady taking antiepileptics for a seizure disorder gets married. When should folic acid supplementation advised to the patient?

Any time as soon as she presents to the clinic irrespective of pregnancy

Three months before becoming pregnant

1st trimester

As soon as pregnancy is confirmed

single

Ans: A. Any time as soon as she presents to the clinic irrespective of pregnancyIf a pregnancy is planned in high-risk women (previously affected child with neural tube defects), supplementation should be staed with 4 mg (= 4000 microgram) of folic acid daily, beginning 1 month before the time of the planned conception.Recommendations:By U.S. Public Health Service.Folic acid 0.4 mg daily - For all women of childbearing age & ones capable of becoming pregnant.Folic acid 4 mg (= 4000 microgram) daily - For planned pregnancy in high-risk women (previously affected child) - Beginning 1 month before time of planned conception.

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 35624499-7ec5-46f1-8cc2-befa686829c4question: A 23-year-old lady taking antiepileptics for a seizure disorder gets married. When should folic acid supplementation advised to the patient?opa: Any time as soon as she presents to the clinic irrespective of pregnancyopb: Three months before becoming pregnantopc: 1st trimesteropd: As soon as pregnancy is confirmedcop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Ans: A. Any time as soon as she presents to the clinic irrespective of pregnancyIf a pregnancy is planned in high-risk women (previously affected child with neural tube defects), supplementation should be staed with 4 mg (= 4000 microgram) of folic acid daily, beginning 1 month before the time of the planned conception.Recommendations:By U.S. Public Health Service.Folic acid 0.4 mg daily - For all women of childbearing age & ones capable of becoming pregnant.Folic acid 4 mg (= 4000 microgram) daily - For planned pregnancy in high-risk women (previously affected child) - Beginning 1 month before time of planned conception.subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

8340cc71-4a15-4134-b582-fed084765cf0

Ergometrine is contraindicated in:

Eclampsia

Abortion

Induction of labour

Post partum hemorrhage

single

Contraindications for the use of Ergometrine are:

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 8340cc71-4a15-4134-b582-fed084765cf0question: Ergometrine is contraindicated in:opa: Eclampsiaopb: Abortionopc: Induction of labouropd: Post partum hemorrhagecop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Contraindications for the use of Ergometrine are:subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

11d1f3f4-3b4e-424c-bb1c-766afe040123

A 40 year woman was brought to the casualty 8 hours after sustaining burns on the abdomen, both the limbs and back. What will be the best formula to calculate amount of fluid to be replenished?

2 mL/kg x %TBSA

4 mL/kg x %TBSA

8 mL/kg x %TBSA

4 mL/kg x %TBSA in first 8 hours followed by 2 mL/ kg/hour x %TBSA

multi

Answer- A. 2 mL/kg x %TBSAFluid resuscitation in burns:According to ATLS 10th edition, 2018, the resuscitation formula used in thermal burns is 2 mL/kg x % TBSA.First 8 hours: 1 mL/kg x % TBSA (lactated Ringer solution)Next 16 hours: 1 mL/kg x % TBSA (lactated Ringer solution)For a patient presenting 8 hours after sustaining thermal burns, the total volume using resuscitation formula should be given in the next 16 hours i.e; 2 mL/kg x % TBSA in the next 16 hours while maintaining target urine output of 0.5 mL/kg/hr for adults.In adults, urine output should be maintained between 30 and 50 cc/hr to minimize potential over-resuscitation.The total percentage of the burnt area is calculated clinically using the rule of nines. Burns - Formulae for Fluid Calculation(Updated according to ATLS 10th edition 2018 guidelines)

Surgery

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 11d1f3f4-3b4e-424c-bb1c-766afe040123question: A 40 year woman was brought to the casualty 8 hours after sustaining burns on the abdomen, both the limbs and back. What will be the best formula to calculate amount of fluid to be replenished?opa: 2 mL/kg x %TBSAopb: 4 mL/kg x %TBSAopc: 8 mL/kg x %TBSAopd: 4 mL/kg x %TBSA in first 8 hours followed by 2 mL/ kg/hour x %TBSAcop: 0choice_type: multiexp: Answer- A. 2 mL/kg x %TBSAFluid resuscitation in burns:According to ATLS 10th edition, 2018, the resuscitation formula used in thermal burns is 2 mL/kg x % TBSA.First 8 hours: 1 mL/kg x % TBSA (lactated Ringer solution)Next 16 hours: 1 mL/kg x % TBSA (lactated Ringer solution)For a patient presenting 8 hours after sustaining thermal burns, the total volume using resuscitation formula should be given in the next 16 hours i.e; 2 mL/kg x % TBSA in the next 16 hours while maintaining target urine output of 0.5 mL/kg/hr for adults.In adults, urine output should be maintained between 30 and 50 cc/hr to minimize potential over-resuscitation.The total percentage of the burnt area is calculated clinically using the rule of nines. Burns - Formulae for Fluid Calculation(Updated according to ATLS 10th edition 2018 guidelines)subject_name: Surgerytopic_name: None

yes

13c88190-2ea3-4939-87e3-5d4752552fcf

A 6 days old neonate weighing 2800 gm (bih weight 3200 gm) was brought with the complaints of fever, poor feeding and poor activity. There was no history of vomiting or diarrhea. Axillary temperature was 39degC with depressed fontenalle, sunken eyes, decreased urine output and decreased skin turgor. Her mother has the history of decreased milk production. What is your diagnosis?

Neonatal sepsis

Galactosemia

Fever & dehydration

Acute renal failure

multi

Ans: A. Neonatal sepsisInitial Signs & Symptoms of Infection in Newborn InfantsGeneralCardiovascular SystemFever, temperature instabilitydegNot doing well, poor feedingdegEdemadegPallor, mottling, cold clammy skindegHypotension, tachycardiadegBradycardiaGastrointestinal SystemCentral Nervous SystemAbdominal distentiondegVomiting, diarrheadegHepatomegalyIrritability, lethargy, high pitched cryTremors, seizuresdegHyporeflexia, hypotonia, abnormal Moro's reflexdegRespiratory SystemHematological SystemApnea, dyspnea, tachypneadegRetractions, flaring, gruntingdegCyanosisdegPallor, jaundice, splenomegalydegBleedingPetechiae, purpura

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 13c88190-2ea3-4939-87e3-5d4752552fcfquestion: A 6 days old neonate weighing 2800 gm (bih weight 3200 gm) was brought with the complaints of fever, poor feeding and poor activity. There was no history of vomiting or diarrhea. Axillary temperature was 39degC with depressed fontenalle, sunken eyes, decreased urine output and decreased skin turgor. Her mother has the history of decreased milk production. What is your diagnosis?opa: Neonatal sepsisopb: Galactosemiaopc: Fever & dehydrationopd: Acute renal failurecop: 0choice_type: multiexp: Ans: A. Neonatal sepsisInitial Signs & Symptoms of Infection in Newborn InfantsGeneralCardiovascular SystemFever, temperature instabilitydegNot doing well, poor feedingdegEdemadegPallor, mottling, cold clammy skindegHypotension, tachycardiadegBradycardiaGastrointestinal SystemCentral Nervous SystemAbdominal distentiondegVomiting, diarrheadegHepatomegalyIrritability, lethargy, high pitched cryTremors, seizuresdegHyporeflexia, hypotonia, abnormal Moro's reflexdegRespiratory SystemHematological SystemApnea, dyspnea, tachypneadegRetractions, flaring, gruntingdegCyanosisdegPallor, jaundice, splenomegalydegBleedingPetechiae, purpurasubject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

c2b7295b-41e0-4f43-8c7b-aba487b0f4a5

All of the following constitute the active management of third stage of labour for the prevention of postpaum hemorrhage (PPH) except:

Direct injection of oxytocin after delivery of anterior shoulder

Constant controlled cord traction

Early cord clamping and cutting

Prophylactic misoprostol

multi

Answer- C (Early cord clamping and cutting) Current evidence shows that delayed cord clamping is beneficial for the babv.Immediate cord clamping has been shown to increase the incidence of iron deficiency and anemia.For premature and low bih weight babies immediate cord clamping can also increase the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage and late onset sepsis.

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: c2b7295b-41e0-4f43-8c7b-aba487b0f4a5question: All of the following constitute the active management of third stage of labour for the prevention of postpaum hemorrhage (PPH) except:opa: Direct injection of oxytocin after delivery of anterior shoulderopb: Constant controlled cord tractionopc: Early cord clamping and cuttingopd: Prophylactic misoprostolcop: 2choice_type: multiexp: Answer- C (Early cord clamping and cutting) Current evidence shows that delayed cord clamping is beneficial for the babv.Immediate cord clamping has been shown to increase the incidence of iron deficiency and anemia.For premature and low bih weight babies immediate cord clamping can also increase the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage and late onset sepsis.subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

6efd1009-b52d-4598-a30d-a06fd9867c56

A 36 week primigravida was admitted in view of a single seizure episode. On examination her BP is 170/100, PR is 90/min, fetal hea rate is present. Immediate next step in management is?

Inj. mgso4

Inj. Calcium gluconate

Inj Phenetoin

MRI brain

multi

This patient appears to have Eclampsia as her BP is raised, immediate management of such seizure episode is inj MgSO4, which is the drug of choice for prevention and management of eclampsia. Management of eclampsia involves Inj MgSO4, IV labetalol (drug of choice for control of BP in pre eclampsia), definitive management is termination of pregnancy.

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

AIIMS 2019

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 6efd1009-b52d-4598-a30d-a06fd9867c56question: A 36 week primigravida was admitted in view of a single seizure episode. On examination her BP is 170/100, PR is 90/min, fetal hea rate is present. Immediate next step in management is?opa: Inj. mgso4opb: Inj. Calcium gluconateopc: Inj Phenetoinopd: MRI braincop: 0choice_type: multiexp: This patient appears to have Eclampsia as her BP is raised, immediate management of such seizure episode is inj MgSO4, which is the drug of choice for prevention and management of eclampsia. Management of eclampsia involves Inj MgSO4, IV labetalol (drug of choice for control of BP in pre eclampsia), definitive management is termination of pregnancy.subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: AIIMS 2019

yes

6b4abfdd-bcd7-4f10-aa75-124aadf5fcd0

A patient requires 180 mg ceftriaxone. The l contains 500 mg/5ml of ceftriaxone. You have a 2 ml syringe with l0 divisions per ml. How many divisions in the 2 ml syringe will you fill to give 180 mg ceftriaxone?

9

18

l0

12

single

Ans: B. 18500 mg/ 5 ml means 100 mg/l ml. Since 100 mg is present in 1 ml, therefore, 180 mg of drug is present in 1.8 ml.Now it is clear that we must administer 1.8 ml of the above solution to administer the desired amount of drug.Last thing is to calculate the divisions to administer 1.8 ml.10 division per ml means each 0. 1 ml is equal to 1 division.Therefore, 1 .8 ml will be equal to l8 divisions.

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 6b4abfdd-bcd7-4f10-aa75-124aadf5fcd0question: A patient requires 180 mg ceftriaxone. The l contains 500 mg/5ml of ceftriaxone. You have a 2 ml syringe with l0 divisions per ml. How many divisions in the 2 ml syringe will you fill to give 180 mg ceftriaxone?opa: 9opb: 18opc: l0opd: 12cop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Ans: B. 18500 mg/ 5 ml means 100 mg/l ml. Since 100 mg is present in 1 ml, therefore, 180 mg of drug is present in 1.8 ml.Now it is clear that we must administer 1.8 ml of the above solution to administer the desired amount of drug.Last thing is to calculate the divisions to administer 1.8 ml.10 division per ml means each 0. 1 ml is equal to 1 division.Therefore, 1 .8 ml will be equal to l8 divisions.subject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

7e01c8f0-9b7e-4884-ad40-0c2487a4f5cb

False about Bone marrow biopsy

Can be done in prone or lateral position

To find out infiltrative and granulomatous disorders

Breath holding not necessary

Contraindicated when platelet count is below 40,000

multi

Ans: D. Contraindicated when platelet count is below 40,000CT-guided bone marrow biopsy is safe in thrombocytopenic patients, with a hemorrhagic complication rate below 1.6% for patients with a platelet count of 20,000-50,000/mL. Routine preprocedure platelet transfusion may not be necessary for patients with a platelet count of 20,000-50,000/mL.

Pathology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 7e01c8f0-9b7e-4884-ad40-0c2487a4f5cbquestion: False about Bone marrow biopsyopa: Can be done in prone or lateral positionopb: To find out infiltrative and granulomatous disordersopc: Breath holding not necessaryopd: Contraindicated when platelet count is below 40,000cop: 3choice_type: multiexp: Ans: D. Contraindicated when platelet count is below 40,000CT-guided bone marrow biopsy is safe in thrombocytopenic patients, with a hemorrhagic complication rate below 1.6% for patients with a platelet count of 20,000-50,000/mL. Routine preprocedure platelet transfusion may not be necessary for patients with a platelet count of 20,000-50,000/mL.subject_name: Pathologytopic_name: None

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ad06ae5e-77fc-42e4-b2cc-b33069ad0d9d

Tourniquet test is used in daily follow-up of patients with:

Zika virus

Dengue virus

Chikungunya

Swine flu

single

Ans: B. Dengue virus(Ref: Harrison 19/e p1322)Tourniquet test is used in daily follow up of patients with dengue virusThe tourniquet test (capillary-fragility test):Pa of the new WHO case definition for dengue.The test is a marker of capillary fragility and it can be used as a triage tool to differentiate patients with acute gastroenteritis, for example, from those with dengue.It is a clinical diagnostic method to determine a patient's hemorrhagic tendency, fragility of capillary walls and thrombocytopenia.

Medicine

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: ad06ae5e-77fc-42e4-b2cc-b33069ad0d9dquestion: Tourniquet test is used in daily follow-up of patients with:opa: Zika virusopb: Dengue virusopc: Chikungunyaopd: Swine flucop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Ans: B. Dengue virus(Ref: Harrison 19/e p1322)Tourniquet test is used in daily follow up of patients with dengue virusThe tourniquet test (capillary-fragility test):Pa of the new WHO case definition for dengue.The test is a marker of capillary fragility and it can be used as a triage tool to differentiate patients with acute gastroenteritis, for example, from those with dengue.It is a clinical diagnostic method to determine a patient's hemorrhagic tendency, fragility of capillary walls and thrombocytopenia.subject_name: Medicinetopic_name: None

yes

350d3b19-c8b4-4e99-b2a0-dc3f2bf4a206

Transient tachypnea of new born (TTN) is commonly seen in which of the following situations –

Term delivery requiring forceps

Term requiring ventouse

Elective caesarean section

Normal vaginal delivery

single

In text books, both elective caesarian section and normal preterm or term vaginal delivery have been mentioned as risk factors for transient tachypnea of newborn. But the best answer is caesarian section - "Delivery by caesarian section and gestational age are the risk factors for TTN". —Articles Obs & Gynae Transient tachvpnea of Newborn (TTN) Transient tachypnea of the newborn is a benign self-limiting disease occuring usually in term neonates and is due to delayed clearance of lung fluid. It is also called respiratory distress syndrome type H TTN follows - Uneventful normal preterm or term vaginal delivery Cesarean delivery TTN is believed to be secondary to slow absorption of fetal lung fluid resulting in decreased pulmonary compliance and tidal volume and increased dead space therefore also known as wet lung. Clinical manifestations Early onset of tachypnea El Sometimes refraction or expiratory grunting u Occasionally cyanosis Patients usually recover rapidly within 3 days. Hypoxemia, hypercapnia and acidosis are uncommon.

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 350d3b19-c8b4-4e99-b2a0-dc3f2bf4a206question: Transient tachypnea of new born (TTN) is commonly seen in which of the following situations –opa: Term delivery requiring forcepsopb: Term requiring ventouseopc: Elective caesarean sectionopd: Normal vaginal deliverycop: 2choice_type: singleexp: In text books, both elective caesarian section and normal preterm or term vaginal delivery have been mentioned as risk factors for transient tachypnea of newborn. But the best answer is caesarian section - "Delivery by caesarian section and gestational age are the risk factors for TTN". —Articles Obs & Gynae Transient tachvpnea of Newborn (TTN) Transient tachypnea of the newborn is a benign self-limiting disease occuring usually in term neonates and is due to delayed clearance of lung fluid. It is also called respiratory distress syndrome type H TTN follows - Uneventful normal preterm or term vaginal delivery Cesarean delivery TTN is believed to be secondary to slow absorption of fetal lung fluid resulting in decreased pulmonary compliance and tidal volume and increased dead space therefore also known as wet lung. Clinical manifestations Early onset of tachypnea El Sometimes refraction or expiratory grunting u Occasionally cyanosis Patients usually recover rapidly within 3 days. Hypoxemia, hypercapnia and acidosis are uncommon.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

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b92d77c7-0eeb-411f-952f-ffb56e8f11fe

A drop in fetal heart rate that typically last less than 2 minutes and usually associated with umbilical cord compression is called:

Early deceleration

Late deceleration

Variable deceleration

Prolonged deceleration

multi

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: b92d77c7-0eeb-411f-952f-ffb56e8f11fequestion: A drop in fetal heart rate that typically last less than 2 minutes and usually associated with umbilical cord compression is called:opa: Early decelerationopb: Late decelerationopc: Variable decelerationopd: Prolonged decelerationcop: 2choice_type: multiexp: Nonesubject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

a28af149-bf4b-4c9a-a4bf-5f6387f945e9

A young patient has been admitted with A and had massive hemorrhage. He needs to be transfused with large amounts of fluids. Which IV cannula is preferred?

Grey

Green

Blue

Pink

single

Ans: B. Greenused for routine blood transfusions, transfusing large volumes of fluid, intravenous feeding of patients and the harvesting and separation of stem cells.Refi ATLS 18th edn; 2018, Chapter 3 ShockColorSizeExternal diameter(mm)Length(mm)Water flow rate (mL/min)Recommended usesOrange14G2.1 mm45 mm-240 mL/minTrauma, rapid blood transfusion, surgeryGray16G1.8 mm45 mm--180 mL/minRapid fluid replacement, trauma, rapid blood transfusionGreen18G1.3 mm32 mm--90 mL/minLarge volumes of fluid, Rapid fluid replacement, trauma, rapid blood transfusionPink20G1.1 mm32 mm--60 mL/minMost infusions, rapid fluid replacement, trauma, routine blood transfusionBlue22G0.9 mm25 mm--36 mL/minMost infusionsNeonate, pediatric, older adults routine blood transfusion Yellow 24G 0.7 mm 19 mm --20 mL/minMost infusions neonate, pediatric, older adults, routine blood transfusion, neonate or pediatric blood transfusion Purple 26G 0.6 mm 19 mm --13 mL/minPediatrics, Neonate

Surgery

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: a28af149-bf4b-4c9a-a4bf-5f6387f945e9question: A young patient has been admitted with A and had massive hemorrhage. He needs to be transfused with large amounts of fluids. Which IV cannula is preferred?opa: Greyopb: Greenopc: Blueopd: Pinkcop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Ans: B. Greenused for routine blood transfusions, transfusing large volumes of fluid, intravenous feeding of patients and the harvesting and separation of stem cells.Refi ATLS 18th edn; 2018, Chapter 3 ShockColorSizeExternal diameter(mm)Length(mm)Water flow rate (mL/min)Recommended usesOrange14G2.1 mm45 mm-240 mL/minTrauma, rapid blood transfusion, surgeryGray16G1.8 mm45 mm--180 mL/minRapid fluid replacement, trauma, rapid blood transfusionGreen18G1.3 mm32 mm--90 mL/minLarge volumes of fluid, Rapid fluid replacement, trauma, rapid blood transfusionPink20G1.1 mm32 mm--60 mL/minMost infusions, rapid fluid replacement, trauma, routine blood transfusionBlue22G0.9 mm25 mm--36 mL/minMost infusionsNeonate, pediatric, older adults routine blood transfusion Yellow 24G 0.7 mm 19 mm --20 mL/minMost infusions neonate, pediatric, older adults, routine blood transfusion, neonate or pediatric blood transfusion Purple 26G 0.6 mm 19 mm --13 mL/minPediatrics, Neonatesubject_name: Surgerytopic_name: None

yes

08f757d6-1296-48c4-8307-d4e61d2979b9

A female of 36 weeks gestation presents with hypertension, blurring of vision and headache. Her blood pressure reading was 180/120 mm Hg and 174/110 mm Hg after 20 minutes. How will you manage the patient?

Admit the patient and observe

Admit the patient, start antihypertensives and continue pregnancy till term.

Admit the patient, start antihypertensives, MgSO4 and terminate the pregnancy

Admit oral antihypertensives and follow up in out-patient department

single

In the question, patient is pres enting with Headache Blurring of vision B/P = 180/120 mm of Hg (later 174/110 mm of Hg) i.e. she is a case of severe pregnancy induced hypertension. First step in the management of this case would be to prevent seizures i.e. give MgSO4. Her B/P should be controlled with antihypertensive and since pregnancy is >34 weeks, therefore terminate pregnancy (which is the definitive management).

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 08f757d6-1296-48c4-8307-d4e61d2979b9question: A female of 36 weeks gestation presents with hypertension, blurring of vision and headache. Her blood pressure reading was 180/120 mm Hg and 174/110 mm Hg after 20 minutes. How will you manage the patient?opa: Admit the patient and observeopb: Admit the patient, start antihypertensives and continue pregnancy till term.opc: Admit the patient, start antihypertensives, MgSO4 and terminate the pregnancyopd: Admit oral antihypertensives and follow up in out-patient departmentcop: 2choice_type: singleexp: In the question, patient is pres enting with Headache Blurring of vision B/P = 180/120 mm of Hg (later 174/110 mm of Hg) i.e. she is a case of severe pregnancy induced hypertension. First step in the management of this case would be to prevent seizures i.e. give MgSO4. Her B/P should be controlled with antihypertensive and since pregnancy is >34 weeks, therefore terminate pregnancy (which is the definitive management).subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

98e20d31-45bf-46c2-80cd-a9020dcaf014

A recently delivered woman with a 15 days old child suffering from cough, sneezing and fever needs help. She has no money for transpoation to nearby hospital. Which of the national programme can help this woman?

JSSK

Indira Gandhi YojanaF-IMNCI

F-IMNCI

Home-based Care

single

Ans: A. JSSK(Ref Park 24/e p476, 23/e p456, 22/e p420; Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK), the national programme can help this woman. Janani-Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK)The initiative entitles all pregnant women delivering in public health institutions to absolutely free and no expense to delivery, including cesarean section.Includes free drugs and consumables, free diet up to 3 days during normal delivery and up to 7 days for cesarean section, free diagnostics, and free blood wherever required.Provides for free transpo from home to institution, between facilities in case of referral and drop back home.Similar entitlements for all sick newborns & infants accessing public health institutions for treatment till 30 days after bih.Aims to eliminate out of pocket expenses incurred by the pregnant women and sick new borns while accessing services at Government health facilities.

Social & Preventive Medicine

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 98e20d31-45bf-46c2-80cd-a9020dcaf014question: A recently delivered woman with a 15 days old child suffering from cough, sneezing and fever needs help. She has no money for transpoation to nearby hospital. Which of the national programme can help this woman?opa: JSSKopb: Indira Gandhi YojanaF-IMNCIopc: F-IMNCIopd: Home-based Carecop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Ans: A. JSSK(Ref Park 24/e p476, 23/e p456, 22/e p420; Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK), the national programme can help this woman. Janani-Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK)The initiative entitles all pregnant women delivering in public health institutions to absolutely free and no expense to delivery, including cesarean section.Includes free drugs and consumables, free diet up to 3 days during normal delivery and up to 7 days for cesarean section, free diagnostics, and free blood wherever required.Provides for free transpo from home to institution, between facilities in case of referral and drop back home.Similar entitlements for all sick newborns & infants accessing public health institutions for treatment till 30 days after bih.Aims to eliminate out of pocket expenses incurred by the pregnant women and sick new borns while accessing services at Government health facilities.subject_name: Social & Preventive Medicinetopic_name: None

yes

43665f50-c4e4-4798-a3b7-cfe41901c3e8

A 10 days old neonate is posted for pyloric stenosis in surgery. The investigation report shows a serum calcium level of 6 mg/dL. What information would you like to know before you supplement calcium to this neonate –

Blood glucose

Serum protein

Serum bilirubin

Oxygen saturation

single

Normal calcium level is 8.9-10.1 mg/dl (total calcium). Slightly less than half of the total serum calcium exists in free or ionized form. Remainder is bound to protein (mostly albumin). ionized calcium is relevant for cell fuction. "There are few clinical situations in which the total calcium is not an adequate surrogate for the ionized Ca++ concentration. The most common and severe problem is the presence of hypoalbuminemia". Each 1 gin/di of albumin in the serum binds about 0.8 mg/dl of calcium. A low total calcium concentration may be normal in a patient with significant hypoalbuminemia. Now, it is clear from above that a low level of serum protein lowers the total plasma calcium but not the ionized calcium, So, before treating hypocalcemia, measure the serum protein level.

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 43665f50-c4e4-4798-a3b7-cfe41901c3e8question: A 10 days old neonate is posted for pyloric stenosis in surgery. The investigation report shows a serum calcium level of 6 mg/dL. What information would you like to know before you supplement calcium to this neonate –opa: Blood glucoseopb: Serum proteinopc: Serum bilirubinopd: Oxygen saturationcop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Normal calcium level is 8.9-10.1 mg/dl (total calcium). Slightly less than half of the total serum calcium exists in free or ionized form. Remainder is bound to protein (mostly albumin). ionized calcium is relevant for cell fuction. "There are few clinical situations in which the total calcium is not an adequate surrogate for the ionized Ca++ concentration. The most common and severe problem is the presence of hypoalbuminemia". Each 1 gin/di of albumin in the serum binds about 0.8 mg/dl of calcium. A low total calcium concentration may be normal in a patient with significant hypoalbuminemia. Now, it is clear from above that a low level of serum protein lowers the total plasma calcium but not the ionized calcium, So, before treating hypocalcemia, measure the serum protein level.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

785fef59-4300-47c1-a53e-7e09f6201e0d

Most common cause of Blood stained diaper in a Neonate is :

Bilharziasis

Sickle cell trait

Meatal stenosis

Urethral hemangioma

single

It is the answer from exclusion of other options­. Bilharziasis does not occur in neonatal period. Sickle cell trait is usually asymptomatic. Meatal stenosis presents between 3-8 years. Now we are left with option `d' only.

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 785fef59-4300-47c1-a53e-7e09f6201e0dquestion: Most common cause of Blood stained diaper in a Neonate is :opa: Bilharziasisopb: Sickle cell traitopc: Meatal stenosisopd: Urethral hemangiomacop: 3choice_type: singleexp: It is the answer from exclusion of other options­. Bilharziasis does not occur in neonatal period. Sickle cell trait is usually asymptomatic. Meatal stenosis presents between 3-8 years. Now we are left with option `d' only.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

8cfd114e-e854-4456-baa4-46883d6d45b0

Ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is:

Intraosseous

Through umbilical vein

Through peripheral vein

Through umbilical aery

single

Ans: B. Through umbilical vein(Ref: Ghai 8/e p132).Umbilical vein - Preferred route for drug delivery during resuscitation.Due to ease of approach.Veins in scalp or extremities are difficult to access during resuscitation.For umbilical vein catheterization, 3.5 Fr or 5 Fr umbilical catheter inseed into umbilical vein such that its tip is just inside the skin surface and there is free flow of blood.Direct injection into umbilical cord is not desirable.No intracardiac injection recommended.

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 8cfd114e-e854-4456-baa4-46883d6d45b0question: Ideal route of drug delivery in neonatal resuscitation is:opa: Intraosseousopb: Through umbilical veinopc: Through peripheral veinopd: Through umbilical aerycop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Ans: B. Through umbilical vein(Ref: Ghai 8/e p132).Umbilical vein - Preferred route for drug delivery during resuscitation.Due to ease of approach.Veins in scalp or extremities are difficult to access during resuscitation.For umbilical vein catheterization, 3.5 Fr or 5 Fr umbilical catheter inseed into umbilical vein such that its tip is just inside the skin surface and there is free flow of blood.Direct injection into umbilical cord is not desirable.No intracardiac injection recommended.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

3893484e-f4d8-4d90-b435-93af8a7bc469

Which of the following drugs used for management of preterm labor for also has Neuro- protective role in fetus:-

MgSO4

Nifedipine

Ritodrine

Isoxsuprine

single

Preterm labour is labour staing before 37 weeks MANAGEMENT FOR PRETERM LABOUR :- 1) For lung maturity - steroids 2) Tocolytics E.g. - Nifedipine - First line & safest drug MgSo4 - Neuroprotective Very low bih wt. neonates whose mothers were treated with MgSo4 for preterm labor or preeclampsia were found to have a reduced incidence of cerebral palsy at 3 years. Rate of both neonatal death & cerebral palsy were lower in the Mg treated group.

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

AIIMS 2019

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 3893484e-f4d8-4d90-b435-93af8a7bc469question: Which of the following drugs used for management of preterm labor for also has Neuro- protective role in fetus:-opa: MgSO4opb: Nifedipineopc: Ritodrineopd: Isoxsuprinecop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Preterm labour is labour staing before 37 weeks MANAGEMENT FOR PRETERM LABOUR :- 1) For lung maturity - steroids 2) Tocolytics E.g. - Nifedipine - First line & safest drug MgSo4 - Neuroprotective Very low bih wt. neonates whose mothers were treated with MgSo4 for preterm labor or preeclampsia were found to have a reduced incidence of cerebral palsy at 3 years. Rate of both neonatal death & cerebral palsy were lower in the Mg treated group.subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: AIIMS 2019

yes

3717f6b4-9504-4284-be95-e2f899c94187

A gravida 2 patient with previous LSCS comes at 37 weeks, has BP= 150/100 mm of hg. And on pervaginal examination, cervix is 50% effaced station-3, os is closed and pelvis is adequate. Protein uria is +1, Most appropriate step at the moment would be:

Antihypertensive regime and wait for spontaneous labor

Wait and watch

Induce labour

caesarean section

multi

This patient has BP: 150/100 mm hg Proteinuria: +1 Therefore it is classified as mild preeclampsia In mild preeclampsia – if gestational age is > than labour induced should be 37 wks (here in the question = gestational age is >37 weeks). Here BP is 150/100, (Therefore, it is not necessary to start antihypertensive). The NICE clinical guidelines suggest treating moderate hypertension (BP-150/100-159/109 mm Hg) with antihypertensives to keep B I P <150/80-100 range. The benefits or disadvantages of this intervention have not been elucidated by adequate clinical trials. Fernando Arias 4/e, p 209. “There is a consensus that if BP is below 150/100 mm Hg, there is no need for antihypertensive therapy. An exception may be if mild hypertension is associated with markers of potential severe disease or sign of organ dysfunction, (heavy proteinuria, liver dysfunction, hematological dysfuntion)”. Fernando Arias 4/e, p 209. Thus, in this patient, the role of antihypertensive is not confirmatory as BP is 150/100 mm Hg. But role of induction of labor is confirmed, as patient is 37 weeks pregnant with mild hypertension. PIH is not a contraindication for VBAC (Vaginal birth after cesarean) and further more that the pelvis of this patient is adequate – so there is no harm in inducing labour, rather it is advantageous, because it will help in developing lower uterine segment. At any point of time; if there is scar tenderness or if patients BP rises immediately perform cesarean section’ therefore the best answer here is – Antihypertensive regime and then induce labour

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 3717f6b4-9504-4284-be95-e2f899c94187question: A gravida 2 patient with previous LSCS comes at 37 weeks, has BP= 150/100 mm of hg. And on pervaginal examination, cervix is 50% effaced station-3, os is closed and pelvis is adequate. Protein uria is +1, Most appropriate step at the moment would be:opa: Antihypertensive regime and wait for spontaneous laboropb: Wait and watchopc: Induce labouropd: caesarean sectioncop: 2choice_type: multiexp: This patient has BP: 150/100 mm hg Proteinuria: +1 Therefore it is classified as mild preeclampsia In mild preeclampsia – if gestational age is > than labour induced should be 37 wks (here in the question = gestational age is >37 weeks). Here BP is 150/100, (Therefore, it is not necessary to start antihypertensive). The NICE clinical guidelines suggest treating moderate hypertension (BP-150/100-159/109 mm Hg) with antihypertensives to keep B I P <150/80-100 range. The benefits or disadvantages of this intervention have not been elucidated by adequate clinical trials. Fernando Arias 4/e, p 209. “There is a consensus that if BP is below 150/100 mm Hg, there is no need for antihypertensive therapy. An exception may be if mild hypertension is associated with markers of potential severe disease or sign of organ dysfunction, (heavy proteinuria, liver dysfunction, hematological dysfuntion)”. Fernando Arias 4/e, p 209. Thus, in this patient, the role of antihypertensive is not confirmatory as BP is 150/100 mm Hg. But role of induction of labor is confirmed, as patient is 37 weeks pregnant with mild hypertension. PIH is not a contraindication for VBAC (Vaginal birth after cesarean) and further more that the pelvis of this patient is adequate – so there is no harm in inducing labour, rather it is advantageous, because it will help in developing lower uterine segment. At any point of time; if there is scar tenderness or if patients BP rises immediately perform cesarean section’ therefore the best answer here is – Antihypertensive regime and then induce laboursubject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

31d9dc23-3844-404e-b7f9-09275b2bdbf9

Which of the following is least likely in PDA?

CO, wash out

Necrotizing enterocolitis

Bounding pulse

Pulmonary hemorrhage

single

Ans. a. CO, wash outInfants and children with a small PDA are generally asymptomatic; infants with a large PDA present with signs of hea failure.'Premature newborns can't tolerate PDA, so it results in hea failure, respiratory distress or necrotizing enterocolitis.Premature infants may present with respiratory distress, apnea, worsening mechanical ventilation requirement or other serious complications (e.g. necrotizing enterocolitis)Signs of hea failure occur earlier in premature o infants than in full-term infants and may be more severe.A large ductal shunt in a premature infant often is a major contributor to the severity of the lung disease of prematurity

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 31d9dc23-3844-404e-b7f9-09275b2bdbf9question: Which of the following is least likely in PDA?opa: CO, wash outopb: Necrotizing enterocolitisopc: Bounding pulseopd: Pulmonary hemorrhagecop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Ans. a. CO, wash outInfants and children with a small PDA are generally asymptomatic; infants with a large PDA present with signs of hea failure.'Premature newborns can't tolerate PDA, so it results in hea failure, respiratory distress or necrotizing enterocolitis.Premature infants may present with respiratory distress, apnea, worsening mechanical ventilation requirement or other serious complications (e.g. necrotizing enterocolitis)Signs of hea failure occur earlier in premature o infants than in full-term infants and may be more severe.A large ductal shunt in a premature infant often is a major contributor to the severity of the lung disease of prematuritysubject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

441684f3-9823-4e41-9066-c572118e3efc

Lente insulin is composed of:

30% Amorphous + 70% Crystalline insulin

30% Crystalline + 70% Amorphous insulin

Same as NPH insulin

Only 70% amorphous insulin

multi

Answer- A. 30% Amorphous + 70% Crystalline insulinLente insulin is a 7:3 mixture of long acting ultralente (crystalline) and sho-acting semilente (amorphous) insulin zincsuspension.Long Actinglnsulin glargineInsulin detemirInsulin degludecProtamine zinc insulin

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 441684f3-9823-4e41-9066-c572118e3efcquestion: Lente insulin is composed of:opa: 30% Amorphous + 70% Crystalline insulinopb: 30% Crystalline + 70% Amorphous insulinopc: Same as NPH insulinopd: Only 70% amorphous insulincop: 0choice_type: multiexp: Answer- A. 30% Amorphous + 70% Crystalline insulinLente insulin is a 7:3 mixture of long acting ultralente (crystalline) and sho-acting semilente (amorphous) insulin zincsuspension.Long Actinglnsulin glargineInsulin detemirInsulin degludecProtamine zinc insulinsubject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

d14e6c46-6260-4e50-b24e-19218c4c9587

A patient on Anti - tubercular therapy develops tingling sensation in the limbs. Which of the following when substituted can result in improvement of symptoms?

Thiamine

Pyridoxine

Folic acid

Methylcobalamine

single

Tingling sensation in limb on ATT: ISONIAZID toxicity (Peripheral neuritis) which occurs due to deficiency of vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) So pyridoxine supplementation is given in this case.

Medicine

AIIMS 2017

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: d14e6c46-6260-4e50-b24e-19218c4c9587question: A patient on Anti - tubercular therapy develops tingling sensation in the limbs. Which of the following when substituted can result in improvement of symptoms?opa: Thiamineopb: Pyridoxineopc: Folic acidopd: Methylcobalaminecop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Tingling sensation in limb on ATT: ISONIAZID toxicity (Peripheral neuritis) which occurs due to deficiency of vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) So pyridoxine supplementation is given in this case.subject_name: Medicinetopic_name: AIIMS 2017

yes

c2c17a3d-3302-481b-8550-6985d54126c7

An alert 6 months old child is brought with vomiting & diarrhea. RR–45/min, HR–130/min, S P–85 mm of Hg. Capillary refilling time is 4 secs. Diagnosis is –

Early compensated hypovolemic shock

Early decompensated hypovolemic shock

Late compensated hypovolemic shock

Late decompensated shock due to SVT

single

Hypovolemic shock in children may have following stages : - Early compensated : - Immediately after hypovolemia, body tries to maintain the BP to maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs through a compensatory mechanisms. Late uncompensated : - If shock state continues or the compensatory mechanisms are not enough to maintain the metabolic needs of the tissue, the shock, goes into uncompensated phase.

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: c2c17a3d-3302-481b-8550-6985d54126c7question: An alert 6 months old child is brought with vomiting & diarrhea. RR–45/min, HR–130/min, S P–85 mm of Hg. Capillary refilling time is 4 secs. Diagnosis is –opa: Early compensated hypovolemic shockopb: Early decompensated hypovolemic shockopc: Late compensated hypovolemic shockopd: Late decompensated shock due to SVTcop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Hypovolemic shock in children may have following stages : - Early compensated : - Immediately after hypovolemia, body tries to maintain the BP to maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs through a compensatory mechanisms. Late uncompensated : - If shock state continues or the compensatory mechanisms are not enough to maintain the metabolic needs of the tissue, the shock, goes into uncompensated phase.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

d4208506-5d94-4956-8af6-8dd7c471ae8b

What is the effective management of a dengue patient with warning signs without shock and haemorrhage-

Steroids

Platelet transfusion

IV fluids

Antiviral

single

Answer- C. IV fluidsSuppoive care with analgesics, fluid replacement, and bed rest is usually sufficient.

Medicine

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: d4208506-5d94-4956-8af6-8dd7c471ae8bquestion: What is the effective management of a dengue patient with warning signs without shock and haemorrhage-opa: Steroidsopb: Platelet transfusionopc: IV fluidsopd: Antiviralcop: 2choice_type: singleexp: Answer- C. IV fluidsSuppoive care with analgesics, fluid replacement, and bed rest is usually sufficient.subject_name: Medicinetopic_name: None

yes

2ff9fad7-263d-4611-a707-626809334f2c

What processing should be done of the blood before transfusion to reduce chances of febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR)?

Irradiation

Washing

Leucocyte reduction

Glycolisation

single

1. The reason for the development of allergy is the presence of plasma and the process of washing helps in the removal of residual plasma. if the Patient is having a history of allergy - Antihistaminic drugs -reduce the chances of development of allergic reactions during blood transfusion. 2. Irradiation - reduces the chance of development of Graft Versus Host Disease. Irradiation - causes - reduction in the number of the immunocompetent cells (lymphocytes mainly) Irradiation of cellular blood components (red blood cells, platelets, and granulocytes) is indicated to prevent the development of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD). Patients at risk of TA-GVHD include immunocompromised patients who are receiving a bone marrow or stem cell transplant and fetuses undergoing an intrauterine transfusion. Irradiation is also indicated for recipients of components collected from a blood relative or HLA-matched donors. 3. Leukocyte reduction - Leukoreduction of whole blood and blood components has been shown to reduce recurrent febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions, reduce alloimmunization to leukocyte antigens that may complicate care of patients whoundergo transplantation or chronic transfusion therapy, and protect against transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) to patients at increased risk of CMV disease. antibodies in the recipient - react with donor leukocytes - release of cytokines - cause fever- known as Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction. 4. Glycolisation - addition of glycol. useful in autologous blood transfusion - increases the life span of RBC. If the patient is having a history of development of anaphylaxis after blood transfusion, the patient is most likely to be suffering from IgA deficiency.

Pathology

AIIMS 2019

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 2ff9fad7-263d-4611-a707-626809334f2cquestion: What processing should be done of the blood before transfusion to reduce chances of febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR)?opa: Irradiationopb: Washingopc: Leucocyte reductionopd: Glycolisationcop: 2choice_type: singleexp: 1. The reason for the development of allergy is the presence of plasma and the process of washing helps in the removal of residual plasma. if the Patient is having a history of allergy - Antihistaminic drugs -reduce the chances of development of allergic reactions during blood transfusion. 2. Irradiation - reduces the chance of development of Graft Versus Host Disease. Irradiation - causes - reduction in the number of the immunocompetent cells (lymphocytes mainly) Irradiation of cellular blood components (red blood cells, platelets, and granulocytes) is indicated to prevent the development of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD). Patients at risk of TA-GVHD include immunocompromised patients who are receiving a bone marrow or stem cell transplant and fetuses undergoing an intrauterine transfusion. Irradiation is also indicated for recipients of components collected from a blood relative or HLA-matched donors. 3. Leukocyte reduction - Leukoreduction of whole blood and blood components has been shown to reduce recurrent febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions, reduce alloimmunization to leukocyte antigens that may complicate care of patients whoundergo transplantation or chronic transfusion therapy, and protect against transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) to patients at increased risk of CMV disease. antibodies in the recipient - react with donor leukocytes - release of cytokines - cause fever- known as Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction. 4. Glycolisation - addition of glycol. useful in autologous blood transfusion - increases the life span of RBC. If the patient is having a history of development of anaphylaxis after blood transfusion, the patient is most likely to be suffering from IgA deficiency.subject_name: Pathologytopic_name: AIIMS 2019

yes

4db71792-b492-48c3-8010-6dd96bc484e2

A nurse got accidental prick from the HIV infected needle. Which of the following is T/F regarding the management of this nurse?a. Lamivudine used as monotherapy in post-exposure prophylaxis (t/f)b. Washing hands advised(t/f)c. Viral markers at the time of prick(t/f)d. Repeat serology at 6 weeks (t/f)

b,c,d true a false

a, b true c,d false

b,c true a,d false

All true

multi

Ans. A. b,c,d true a false* Lamivudinemonotherapy is the incorrect option. Instead, dual drug therapy of Tenofovir 300mg + Lamivudine 300mg (FDC) is recommended.

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 4db71792-b492-48c3-8010-6dd96bc484e2question: A nurse got accidental prick from the HIV infected needle. Which of the following is T/F regarding the management of this nurse?a. Lamivudine used as monotherapy in post-exposure prophylaxis (t/f)b. Washing hands advised(t/f)c. Viral markers at the time of prick(t/f)d. Repeat serology at 6 weeks (t/f)opa: b,c,d true a falseopb: a, b true c,d falseopc: b,c true a,d falseopd: All truecop: 0choice_type: multiexp: Ans. A. b,c,d true a false* Lamivudinemonotherapy is the incorrect option. Instead, dual drug therapy of Tenofovir 300mg + Lamivudine 300mg (FDC) is recommended.subject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

c4021919-6161-4c71-9f5d-f34b079667f7

Young’s formula for calculating pediatric dose of a drug is:

Age / Age+12 x Adult dose

Age / 20 x Adult dose

Weight (pounds) / 150 x Adult dose

None of the above

multi

Remember, the age denoted here is chronological age. Option 1 is Young’s formula to calculate pediatric dose. Option 2 is Dilling's rule to calculate pediatric dose. Option 3 is Clark's rule to calculate pediatric dose.

Dental

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: c4021919-6161-4c71-9f5d-f34b079667f7question: Young’s formula for calculating pediatric dose of a drug is:opa: Age / Age+12 x Adult doseopb: Age / 20 x Adult doseopc: Weight (pounds) / 150 x Adult doseopd: None of the abovecop: 0choice_type: multiexp: Remember, the age denoted here is chronological age. Option 1 is Young’s formula to calculate pediatric dose. Option 2 is Dilling's rule to calculate pediatric dose. Option 3 is Clark's rule to calculate pediatric dose.subject_name: Dentaltopic_name: None

yes

d3d896df-5856-43da-9baa-4f4ddaefde74

The drug which gives orange colour to the urine is:

Rifampicin

Ethambutol

INH

Streptomycin

single

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: d3d896df-5856-43da-9baa-4f4ddaefde74question: The drug which gives orange colour to the urine is:opa: Rifampicinopb: Ethambutolopc: INHopd: Streptomycincop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

92ffd21c-7c27-4993-ba50-4145217b05cb

Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except :

Hepatomegaly

Pleural effusion

Thrombocytopenia

Decreased haemoglobin

multi

Dengue hemorrhagic fever : Fever. Minor or Major hemorrhgic manifestations. Hepatomegaly. Thrombocytopenia 100,000/mm3. Hypoalbuminemia. Objective evidence of increased capillaty permeability (hematocrit 20%). Pleural effusion (by chest radiograph). ​​Criteria for Dengue shock syndrome : It includes those for dengue hemorrhagic fever plus, Hypotension or narrow pulse.

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 92ffd21c-7c27-4993-ba50-4145217b05cbquestion: Dengue shock syndrome is characterized by the following except :opa: Hepatomegalyopb: Pleural effusionopc: Thrombocytopeniaopd: Decreased haemoglobincop: 3choice_type: multiexp: Dengue hemorrhagic fever : Fever. Minor or Major hemorrhgic manifestations. Hepatomegaly. Thrombocytopenia 100,000/mm3. Hypoalbuminemia. Objective evidence of increased capillaty permeability (hematocrit 20%). Pleural effusion (by chest radiograph). ​​Criteria for Dengue shock syndrome : It includes those for dengue hemorrhagic fever plus, Hypotension or narrow pulse.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

8cc404b2-cdb1-4bea-be17-2dcd2edb48d8

Recommnended daily intake of iodine in pregnancy-

90 microgram

120 microgram

150 microgram

250 microgram

single

Answer- D. 250 microgramRecommended daily intake of iodine in pregnancy is 250 microgram.

Social & Preventive Medicine

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 8cc404b2-cdb1-4bea-be17-2dcd2edb48d8question: Recommnended daily intake of iodine in pregnancy-opa: 90 microgramopb: 120 microgramopc: 150 microgramopd: 250 microgramcop: 3choice_type: singleexp: Answer- D. 250 microgramRecommended daily intake of iodine in pregnancy is 250 microgram.subject_name: Social & Preventive Medicinetopic_name: None

yes

5bb0839c-7c3d-4f5e-a955-6f67ad0db7d9

Regimen followed in expectant management of placenta previa:

Liley's method

Crede's method

Macafee and Johnson regime

Brandt-Andrews Method

single

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 5bb0839c-7c3d-4f5e-a955-6f67ad0db7d9question: Regimen followed in expectant management of placenta previa:opa: Liley's methodopb: Crede's methodopc: Macafee and Johnson regimeopd: Brandt-Andrews Methodcop: 2choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

63e48df0-7312-424d-a84e-799ae4d573ab

While performing drainage of fluid from the pleural cavity, the needle is introduced through all of the following structures except-

Skin

Thoracic fascia

Pulmonary pleura

Intercostal muscles

multi

Answer- C (Pulmonary pleura)(Ref. BDC 5/e p Vol-l/p2l2)Pleural space lies between the parietal pleura and the visceral (Pulmonary) pleura.Parietal pleural lines the inner surface of the chest wall.Visceral pleura is invested on the surface of the lung.Thus to reach the pleural space for pleural fluid tapping, parietal pleura is pierced and not the visceral pleura.

Anatomy

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 63e48df0-7312-424d-a84e-799ae4d573abquestion: While performing drainage of fluid from the pleural cavity, the needle is introduced through all of the following structures except-opa: Skinopb: Thoracic fasciaopc: Pulmonary pleuraopd: Intercostal musclescop: 2choice_type: multiexp: Answer- C (Pulmonary pleura)(Ref. BDC 5/e p Vol-l/p2l2)Pleural space lies between the parietal pleura and the visceral (Pulmonary) pleura.Parietal pleural lines the inner surface of the chest wall.Visceral pleura is invested on the surface of the lung.Thus to reach the pleural space for pleural fluid tapping, parietal pleura is pierced and not the visceral pleura.subject_name: Anatomytopic_name: None

yes

bd1e4b62-2aed-4eb5-98cf-1b3573fed966

For wound healing which mineral is helpful?

Calcium

Selenium

Magnesium

Copper

single

Pathology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: bd1e4b62-2aed-4eb5-98cf-1b3573fed966question: For wound healing which mineral is helpful?opa: Calciumopb: Seleniumopc: Magnesiumopd: Coppercop: 2choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Pathologytopic_name: None

yes

ba74314a-2adf-4b6a-8c74-2c8c7f5b641f

A 5-year old boy passed 18 loose stools in last 24 hours and vomited twice in last 4 hours. He is irritable but drinking fluids. The optional therapy for this child is:

Intravenous fluids

Oral rehydration therapy

Intravenous fluid initially for 4 hours followed by oral fluids

Plain water ad libitum

multi

Medicine

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: ba74314a-2adf-4b6a-8c74-2c8c7f5b641fquestion: A 5-year old boy passed 18 loose stools in last 24 hours and vomited twice in last 4 hours. He is irritable but drinking fluids. The optional therapy for this child is:opa: Intravenous fluidsopb: Oral rehydration therapyopc: Intravenous fluid initially for 4 hours followed by oral fluidsopd: Plain water ad libitumcop: 1choice_type: multiexp: Nonesubject_name: Medicinetopic_name: None

yes

420bd3ce-8f20-44dc-b74f-2dcb97069594

Brushing technique for gingival recession

Bass

Stillman

Charter

Modified stillman

single

Dental

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 420bd3ce-8f20-44dc-b74f-2dcb97069594question: Brushing technique for gingival recessionopa: Bassopb: Stillmanopc: Charteropd: Modified stillmancop: 3choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Dentaltopic_name: None

yes

84b873f8-fb56-4767-8af8-8526e71bed62

Fixed drug eruptions are frequently seen with?

Penicillin

Sulfonamide

Cetirizine

Roxithromycin

single

Ans. B. SulfonamideDrugs causing fixed drug eruptionParacetamol (Phenacetin)SulfonamidesNSAIDsAspirinBarbituratesDapsoneTetracyclinesPhenylbutazone

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 84b873f8-fb56-4767-8af8-8526e71bed62question: Fixed drug eruptions are frequently seen with?opa: Penicillinopb: Sulfonamideopc: Cetirizineopd: Roxithromycincop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Ans. B. SulfonamideDrugs causing fixed drug eruptionParacetamol (Phenacetin)SulfonamidesNSAIDsAspirinBarbituratesDapsoneTetracyclinesPhenylbutazonesubject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

fb47f171-c6d7-4871-8d28-92f2b97acc88

Dengue discharge protocol includes

24 hours after Recovery from shock

Urine volume > 200 ml

24 hours after absence of fever with use of Paracetamol

Return of normal appetite

single

National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) of India given the dengue discharge criteria as follows: 1. Absence of fever > 24 hours (without paracetamol) 2. Return of appetite 3. Good urine output 4. Platelet > 50,000 5. No Respiratory distress 6. > 2-3 days after recovery form shape 7. Visible clinical improvement

Social & Preventive Medicine

AIIMS 2019

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: fb47f171-c6d7-4871-8d28-92f2b97acc88question: Dengue discharge protocol includesopa: 24 hours after Recovery from shockopb: Urine volume > 200 mlopc: 24 hours after absence of fever with use of Paracetamolopd: Return of normal appetitecop: 3choice_type: singleexp: National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) of India given the dengue discharge criteria as follows: 1. Absence of fever > 24 hours (without paracetamol) 2. Return of appetite 3. Good urine output 4. Platelet > 50,000 5. No Respiratory distress 6. > 2-3 days after recovery form shape 7. Visible clinical improvementsubject_name: Social & Preventive Medicinetopic_name: AIIMS 2019

yes

6d899f34-1374-4e19-b4d7-4f3b855176fe

Drugs preventing PPH, all except:

Misoprostol

Dinoprostone

PGF-2 alpha

Oxytocin

multi

*PPH - Any bleed in genital tract after delivery Treatment - Misoprostol - PGE1 - 1000 ug per rectum - Carboprost -PGF2 alpha -IM only - Oxytocin is DOC. By WHO - 5/10 IU IM/IV Prophylactic - 10 -20 IU lV infusion For Rx of PPH. - IV methylergometrine 0.2 mg (peak action of 90 sec)

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

AIIMS 2019

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 6d899f34-1374-4e19-b4d7-4f3b855176fequestion: Drugs preventing PPH, all except:opa: Misoprostolopb: Dinoprostoneopc: PGF-2 alphaopd: Oxytocincop: 1choice_type: multiexp: *PPH - Any bleed in genital tract after delivery Treatment - Misoprostol - PGE1 - 1000 ug per rectum - Carboprost -PGF2 alpha -IM only - Oxytocin is DOC. By WHO - 5/10 IU IM/IV Prophylactic - 10 -20 IU lV infusion For Rx of PPH. - IV methylergometrine 0.2 mg (peak action of 90 sec)subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: AIIMS 2019

yes

4506e30a-65c0-48a5-86db-595e5084787c

DOC for bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy

Clindamycin

Erythromycin

Rovamycin

Metronidazole

single

Ans. D. MetronidazoleMedication--Treatment should include both paners.Oral Metronidazole--500 mg orally twice daily after meals for 7 days. Or 2 g stat.Advisable to defer treatment during first trimester of pregnancy.Side effects: nausea, metallic taste, antabuse - like reaction to alcohol.

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 4506e30a-65c0-48a5-86db-595e5084787cquestion: DOC for bacterial vaginosis in pregnancyopa: Clindamycinopb: Erythromycinopc: Rovamycinopd: Metronidazolecop: 3choice_type: singleexp: Ans. D. MetronidazoleMedication--Treatment should include both paners.Oral Metronidazole--500 mg orally twice daily after meals for 7 days. Or 2 g stat.Advisable to defer treatment during first trimester of pregnancy.Side effects: nausea, metallic taste, antabuse - like reaction to alcohol.subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

383be13b-3dbe-4db9-b1da-419c97fbfe83

After Dengue hemorrhagic shock, what is the criteria for the patient to be discharged from the hospital?

After return of appetite

After urine output more than 200ml

24hrs after recovery from shock

Fever controlled by paracetamol for >24hrs

single

Answer- A. After return of appetitePatients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria:* Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics* Good appetite, clinically improved condition* Adequate urine output* Stable hematocrit level* At least 48 hours since recovery from shock* No respiratory distress* Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/mL

Medicine

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 383be13b-3dbe-4db9-b1da-419c97fbfe83question: After Dengue hemorrhagic shock, what is the criteria for the patient to be discharged from the hospital?opa: After return of appetiteopb: After urine output more than 200mlopc: 24hrs after recovery from shockopd: Fever controlled by paracetamol for >24hrscop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Answer- A. After return of appetitePatients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria:* Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics* Good appetite, clinically improved condition* Adequate urine output* Stable hematocrit level* At least 48 hours since recovery from shock* No respiratory distress* Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/mLsubject_name: Medicinetopic_name: None

yes

f6e3d46a-cc26-4eea-a659-5d1fa1c3b784

Which of the following is not a component of quick SOFA (qSOFA) scoring?

Bilateral undilated pupils

Altered Mentation

Glasgow Coma Score

SBP <= 100 mm Hg

single

Answer- A. Bilateral undilated pupilsAssessmentqSOFA scoreLow blood pressure (SBP <= 100 mmHg)1High respiratory rate (>= 22 breaths/min)1Altered mentation (GCS <= 14)1

Surgery

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: f6e3d46a-cc26-4eea-a659-5d1fa1c3b784question: Which of the following is not a component of quick SOFA (qSOFA) scoring?opa: Bilateral undilated pupilsopb: Altered Mentationopc: Glasgow Coma Scoreopd: SBP <= 100 mm Hgcop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Answer- A. Bilateral undilated pupilsAssessmentqSOFA scoreLow blood pressure (SBP <= 100 mmHg)1High respiratory rate (>= 22 breaths/min)1Altered mentation (GCS <= 14)1subject_name: Surgerytopic_name: None

yes

ce25cfa6-0524-4cfc-889b-a17312f2642b

Which one of the following is a gender-specific side-effect of valproate?

Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Alopecia

Weight loss

Tremor

single

Ans: A. Polycystic ovarian syndrome Side-effects of Valproic AcidMC side effects are transient GI symptoms (anorexia, nausea & vomiting)Effects on the CNS: Sedation, ataxia & Rash, alopecia Stimulation of appetite & weight gain.Increase the chance of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women with epilepsy or bipolar disorders Elevation of hepatic transaminases, microvesicular steatosisAcute pancreatitisHyperammonemiaNeural tube defects

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: ce25cfa6-0524-4cfc-889b-a17312f2642bquestion: Which one of the following is a gender-specific side-effect of valproate?opa: Polycystic ovarian syndromeopb: Alopeciaopc: Weight lossopd: Tremorcop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Ans: A. Polycystic ovarian syndrome Side-effects of Valproic AcidMC side effects are transient GI symptoms (anorexia, nausea & vomiting)Effects on the CNS: Sedation, ataxia & Rash, alopecia Stimulation of appetite & weight gain.Increase the chance of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women with epilepsy or bipolar disorders Elevation of hepatic transaminases, microvesicular steatosisAcute pancreatitisHyperammonemiaNeural tube defectssubject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

d1872344-cb7a-4782-820e-6ea25a23ac9a

Maximum strain of parturient heart occurs during:

At term

Immediate postpartum

Ist trimester

IInd trimester

single

“Significant hemodynamic alterations are apparent early in pregnancy, women with severe cardiac dysfunction may experience worsening of heart failure before mid pregnancy. In others, heart failure develops after 28 weeks, when pregnancy induced hypervolemia is maximal (32 weeks). In the majority, however heart failure develops peripartum when the physiological capability for rapid changes in cardiac out put may be overwhelmed in presence of structural cardiac disease.” Williams 22/e, p 1018, 23/e, p 958, 959 Reading the above text, from Williams Obs., it is clear that maximum chances of heart failure are in the peripartum period. But it is not clear whether maximum chances are during labour or immediate postpartum. Dutta Obs. 7/e, p53 provides answer to this: “The cardiac output starts to increase from 5th week of pregnancy, reaches its peak 40-50% at about 30-34 weeks. Thereafter the cardiac output remains static till term”. “Cardiac output increases further during labour (+50%) and immediately following delivery (+70%) over the pre labour values.” So, maximum chances of heart failure are in immediate postpartum period when cardiac output is maximum.

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: d1872344-cb7a-4782-820e-6ea25a23ac9aquestion: Maximum strain of parturient heart occurs during:opa: At termopb: Immediate postpartumopc: Ist trimesteropd: IInd trimestercop: 1choice_type: singleexp: “Significant hemodynamic alterations are apparent early in pregnancy, women with severe cardiac dysfunction may experience worsening of heart failure before mid pregnancy. In others, heart failure develops after 28 weeks, when pregnancy induced hypervolemia is maximal (32 weeks). In the majority, however heart failure develops peripartum when the physiological capability for rapid changes in cardiac out put may be overwhelmed in presence of structural cardiac disease.” Williams 22/e, p 1018, 23/e, p 958, 959 Reading the above text, from Williams Obs., it is clear that maximum chances of heart failure are in the peripartum period. But it is not clear whether maximum chances are during labour or immediate postpartum. Dutta Obs. 7/e, p53 provides answer to this: “The cardiac output starts to increase from 5th week of pregnancy, reaches its peak 40-50% at about 30-34 weeks. Thereafter the cardiac output remains static till term”. “Cardiac output increases further during labour (+50%) and immediately following delivery (+70%) over the pre labour values.” So, maximum chances of heart failure are in immediate postpartum period when cardiac output is maximum.subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

018e350b-8675-4b2d-99a2-eba98fe07f31

All are signs of hydrocephalus in a neonate except –a) Enlarged headb) Sunset signc) Crack post signd) Depressed fontanelle

ab

cd

bd

ac

multi

"Cracked pot or inacewan sign indicates raised intracranial pressure after sutures and fontanels have closed" Fontanelle is wide and bulging (not depressed) Signs of Increased intracranial tension in infants Separation of cranial sutures —> Earliest sign Wide bulging anterior fontanelle Increased head circumference Papilledema does not occur in infants because separation of sutures and open fontanelle compensate for increase in the intracranial pressure. However, if ICT rises very rapidly papilledema may occur. Macewan or cracked pot sign occurs after sutures and fontanelle have closed (not in neonate) Projectile vomiting Headache -3 Particularly in early morning Diplopia & sixth nerve palsy Sun set sign --> Eyes deviate downward because of impingement of the dilated suprapineal recess.

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 018e350b-8675-4b2d-99a2-eba98fe07f31question: All are signs of hydrocephalus in a neonate except –a) Enlarged headb) Sunset signc) Crack post signd) Depressed fontanelleopa: abopb: cdopc: bdopd: accop: 1choice_type: multiexp: "Cracked pot or inacewan sign indicates raised intracranial pressure after sutures and fontanels have closed" Fontanelle is wide and bulging (not depressed) Signs of Increased intracranial tension in infants Separation of cranial sutures —> Earliest sign Wide bulging anterior fontanelle Increased head circumference Papilledema does not occur in infants because separation of sutures and open fontanelle compensate for increase in the intracranial pressure. However, if ICT rises very rapidly papilledema may occur. Macewan or cracked pot sign occurs after sutures and fontanelle have closed (not in neonate) Projectile vomiting Headache -3 Particularly in early morning Diplopia & sixth nerve palsy Sun set sign --> Eyes deviate downward because of impingement of the dilated suprapineal recess.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

02f27add-bf4d-4155-81aa-8f537546ceda

Blood on OT floor is cleaned by?

Phenol

Alcohol based compounds

Chlorine based compounds

Quaternary ammonium compounds

single

Sodium hypochlorite (1%) is used as laboratory disinfectant for disinfectingblood and other specimens and is also used for disinfecting the blood spillage area.

Microbiology

AIIMS 2017

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 02f27add-bf4d-4155-81aa-8f537546cedaquestion: Blood on OT floor is cleaned by?opa: Phenolopb: Alcohol based compoundsopc: Chlorine based compoundsopd: Quaternary ammonium compoundscop: 2choice_type: singleexp: Sodium hypochlorite (1%) is used as laboratory disinfectant for disinfectingblood and other specimens and is also used for disinfecting the blood spillage area.subject_name: Microbiologytopic_name: AIIMS 2017

yes

593f6b1c-c039-46aa-b81e-f418ed39ed6c

All are true of paracetamol poisoning expect?

Acetylcysteine in antidote

Asymptomatic for 24 to 30 hours

10 mg is safe dose

Acetylcysteine block glutathione in paracetamol poisoning

multi

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 593f6b1c-c039-46aa-b81e-f418ed39ed6cquestion: All are true of paracetamol poisoning expect?opa: Acetylcysteine in antidoteopb: Asymptomatic for 24 to 30 hoursopc: 10 mg is safe doseopd: Acetylcysteine block glutathione in paracetamol poisoningcop: 1choice_type: multiexp: Nonesubject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

44588787-ffcc-4c4c-b31b-5616520ee30f

Nausea and vomiting postoperatively can be because of all except

Blood ingested

N2O

Opioid

Acetaminophen

multi

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 44588787-ffcc-4c4c-b31b-5616520ee30fquestion: Nausea and vomiting postoperatively can be because of all exceptopa: Blood ingestedopb: N2Oopc: Opioidopd: Acetaminophencop: 3choice_type: multiexp: Nonesubject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

9dda02cb-7dbf-4ee3-a1c6-8aa19dacd528

Metronidazole:

Has no side-effects

Is used in management of ANUG

Is mainly concentrated in saliva

Is active against gram-positive aerobes

single

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 9dda02cb-7dbf-4ee3-a1c6-8aa19dacd528question: Metronidazole:opa: Has no side-effectsopb: Is used in management of ANUGopc: Is mainly concentrated in salivaopd: Is active against gram-positive aerobescop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

3c6acd9a-5776-40dc-a952-678746215562

Barbiturates in pediatrics is:

Contraindicated

Low safety

Can be used safely

Not much use

single

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 3c6acd9a-5776-40dc-a952-678746215562question: Barbiturates in pediatrics is:opa: Contraindicatedopb: Low safetyopc: Can be used safelyopd: Not much usecop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

10baae45-ecc0-4efa-bbb9-cd5b33b79770

Sudden hyperflexion of thigh over abdomen (Mc Roberts manoeuvre) with of the following nerve is commonly involved?

Common peroneal nerve

Obturator nerve

Lumbosacral trunk

Lateral cutaneous Nerve of thigh

single

McRoberts’ manoeuvre consists of forcible abduction of patients legs by sharply flexing them on the abdomen. It is the single most effective manoeuvre and should be the first manoeuvre to be performed in case of shoulder dystocia. McRobert’s manoeuvre results in straightening of the sacrum relative to the lumbar vertebra along with rotation of symphysis pubis towards the maternal head and it decreases the angle of pelvic inclination. Sometimes, over zealous use of McRobert’s manoeuvre may result in separation of the maternal pubic symphysis and injury to lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh.

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 10baae45-ecc0-4efa-bbb9-cd5b33b79770question: Sudden hyperflexion of thigh over abdomen (Mc Roberts manoeuvre) with of the following nerve is commonly involved?opa: Common peroneal nerveopb: Obturator nerveopc: Lumbosacral trunkopd: Lateral cutaneous Nerve of thighcop: 3choice_type: singleexp: McRoberts’ manoeuvre consists of forcible abduction of patients legs by sharply flexing them on the abdomen. It is the single most effective manoeuvre and should be the first manoeuvre to be performed in case of shoulder dystocia. McRobert’s manoeuvre results in straightening of the sacrum relative to the lumbar vertebra along with rotation of symphysis pubis towards the maternal head and it decreases the angle of pelvic inclination. Sometimes, over zealous use of McRobert’s manoeuvre may result in separation of the maternal pubic symphysis and injury to lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh.subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

3d8328fb-d689-401d-b68f-18a7fe581ee4

All of the following are true regarding Duncan placental separation except:

Most common method of placental separation

Maternal side of the placenta presents at the vulva

Separation stas from the periphery

Blood collects between the placenta and fetal membranes and escapes through vagina

multi

Answer- A (Most common method of placental separation)Less common than Schultze methodMaternal side of the placenta presents at the vulvaSeparation stas from the peripheryBlood escapes through vagina

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 3d8328fb-d689-401d-b68f-18a7fe581ee4question: All of the following are true regarding Duncan placental separation except:opa: Most common method of placental separationopb: Maternal side of the placenta presents at the vulvaopc: Separation stas from the peripheryopd: Blood collects between the placenta and fetal membranes and escapes through vaginacop: 0choice_type: multiexp: Answer- A (Most common method of placental separation)Less common than Schultze methodMaternal side of the placenta presents at the vulvaSeparation stas from the peripheryBlood escapes through vaginasubject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

c5d41fc0-2e6a-4348-848e-5dabfa570178

A 25-year-old lady with submucosal fibroid was undergoing myomectomy. The surgeon was using 1.5 yo glycine as irrigating fluid for the cavity. During the surgery the nurse informs the surgeon that there is a 500m1 fluid deficit. What is the next step to be done?

Stop the'surgery

Change the fluid to normal saline

Continue the surgery with careful monitoring of fluid status

Give furosemide to the patient and continue surgery

multi

Ans. C. Continue the surgery with careful monitoring of fluid statusRef. BSGE/ESGE guideline on manage,nent of fluid disrension metlia in operative hysteroscopy.Asymptomatic hypervolemia can be managed by fluid restriction with or without diuretics.Patient should be observed for symptoms of hyponatremia and continued electrolyte monitoring should be done.

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: c5d41fc0-2e6a-4348-848e-5dabfa570178question: A 25-year-old lady with submucosal fibroid was undergoing myomectomy. The surgeon was using 1.5 yo glycine as irrigating fluid for the cavity. During the surgery the nurse informs the surgeon that there is a 500m1 fluid deficit. What is the next step to be done?opa: Stop the'surgeryopb: Change the fluid to normal salineopc: Continue the surgery with careful monitoring of fluid statusopd: Give furosemide to the patient and continue surgerycop: 2choice_type: multiexp: Ans. C. Continue the surgery with careful monitoring of fluid statusRef. BSGE/ESGE guideline on manage,nent of fluid disrension metlia in operative hysteroscopy.Asymptomatic hypervolemia can be managed by fluid restriction with or without diuretics.Patient should be observed for symptoms of hyponatremia and continued electrolyte monitoring should be done.subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

8aebb35f-a135-4080-8bbf-c7d50be725a0

Which one of the following is penicillinase resistant penicillin:

Amoxycillin

Cloxacillin

Ampicillin

Penicillin G

single

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 8aebb35f-a135-4080-8bbf-c7d50be725a0question: Which one of the following is penicillinase resistant penicillin:opa: Amoxycillinopb: Cloxacillinopc: Ampicillinopd: Penicillin Gcop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

b8df6117-aaba-476a-b6b7-08ebee57de0e

Government initiative to improve the facilities in labour room in all govt hospitals is under

Ayushman Bharat Scheme

Laqshya

Newborn delivery room program

Janani suraksha yojana

multi

Ans.B. Laqshya'LaQshya' programme of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare aims at improving quality of care in labour room and maternity Operation Theatre (OT). Objective:To reduce maternal and newborn moality & morbidity due to APH, PPH, retained placenta, preterm, preeclampsia & eclampsia, obstructed labour, puerperal sepsis, newborn asphyxia, and sepsis, etc.To improve Quality of care during the delivery and immediate post-paum care, stabilization of complications and ensure timely referrals, and enable an effective two-way follow-up system.To enhance satisfaction of beneficiaries visiting the health facilities and provide Respectful Maternity Care (RMC) to all pregnant women attending the public health facility.

Social & Preventive Medicine

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: b8df6117-aaba-476a-b6b7-08ebee57de0equestion: Government initiative to improve the facilities in labour room in all govt hospitals is underopa: Ayushman Bharat Schemeopb: Laqshyaopc: Newborn delivery room programopd: Janani suraksha yojanacop: 1choice_type: multiexp: Ans.B. Laqshya'LaQshya' programme of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare aims at improving quality of care in labour room and maternity Operation Theatre (OT). Objective:To reduce maternal and newborn moality & morbidity due to APH, PPH, retained placenta, preterm, preeclampsia & eclampsia, obstructed labour, puerperal sepsis, newborn asphyxia, and sepsis, etc.To improve Quality of care during the delivery and immediate post-paum care, stabilization of complications and ensure timely referrals, and enable an effective two-way follow-up system.To enhance satisfaction of beneficiaries visiting the health facilities and provide Respectful Maternity Care (RMC) to all pregnant women attending the public health facility.subject_name: Social & Preventive Medicinetopic_name: None

yes

7f2895f8-0a13-45fc-bfd1-a3d5b7fbb121

Pediatric patient presented with 45 mins h/o continuous convulsions.CASE 1: SR told to give iv lorazepam but J.R cant secured iv line. Then what he has given?

Rectal diazepam

Inhalation Phenobarbital

IV carbamazepine

Subcutaneous midazolam

single

Answer A. Rectal diazepamBenzodiazepines are Drug of Choice and in pediatric patients rectal route should be preffered.Reference - <a href="

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 7f2895f8-0a13-45fc-bfd1-a3d5b7fbb121question: Pediatric patient presented with 45 mins h/o continuous convulsions.CASE 1: SR told to give iv lorazepam but J.R cant secured iv line. Then what he has given?opa: Rectal diazepamopb: Inhalation Phenobarbitalopc: IV carbamazepineopd: Subcutaneous midazolamcop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Answer A. Rectal diazepamBenzodiazepines are Drug of Choice and in pediatric patients rectal route should be preffered.Reference - <a href="subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

7c8d5c20-9868-406d-a987-2d8027acffa1

Most common sign of airway obstruction

Slow pounding pulse

Strenuous breathing

Increase pulse rate

Decrease pulse rate

single

Physiology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 7c8d5c20-9868-406d-a987-2d8027acffa1question: Most common sign of airway obstructionopa: Slow pounding pulseopb: Strenuous breathingopc: Increase pulse rateopd: Decrease pulse ratecop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Physiologytopic_name: None

yes

f70b9c50-597e-40e1-94ea-ecf1ddc146aa

How long should a child be isolated after being diagnosed with bacterial meningitis to prevent fuher transmission?

Till 24 hours after staing antibiotics

Till cultures become negative

Till antibiotics course is complete

Till 12 hrs after admission

single

- CSF becomes sterile within 24 of initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy. - Hence, child should be isolated for 24 hrs after staing antibiotics to prevent fuher transmission.

Pediatrics

AIIMS 2018

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: f70b9c50-597e-40e1-94ea-ecf1ddc146aaquestion: How long should a child be isolated after being diagnosed with bacterial meningitis to prevent fuher transmission?opa: Till 24 hours after staing antibioticsopb: Till cultures become negativeopc: Till antibiotics course is completeopd: Till 12 hrs after admissioncop: 0choice_type: singleexp: - CSF becomes sterile within 24 of initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy. - Hence, child should be isolated for 24 hrs after staing antibiotics to prevent fuher transmission.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: AIIMS 2018

yes

1ea823e8-1b70-4820-96e1-c46d5fd23885

All of the following indicate superimposed pre-eclampsia in a pregnant female of chronic hypeension except: (Asked twice)

New onset proteinuria

Platelet count < 75,000

Increase in systolic BP by 30 mm Hg and diastolic by 15 mm Hg

Fresh retinal hypeensive changes

multi

Answer- C. Increase in systolic BP by 30 mm Hg and diastolic by 15 mm HgSevere range BP despite escalation of antihypeensive therapy, Thrombocytopenia (Platelet count<1,00,000/mL)Elevated liver transaminases (two times the upper limit of normal concentration for paicular laboratory)New onset and worsening renal insufficiencyPulmonary edema.Persistent cerebral or visual disturbances

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 1ea823e8-1b70-4820-96e1-c46d5fd23885question: All of the following indicate superimposed pre-eclampsia in a pregnant female of chronic hypeension except: (Asked twice)opa: New onset proteinuriaopb: Platelet count < 75,000opc: Increase in systolic BP by 30 mm Hg and diastolic by 15 mm Hgopd: Fresh retinal hypeensive changescop: 2choice_type: multiexp: Answer- C. Increase in systolic BP by 30 mm Hg and diastolic by 15 mm HgSevere range BP despite escalation of antihypeensive therapy, Thrombocytopenia (Platelet count<1,00,000/mL)Elevated liver transaminases (two times the upper limit of normal concentration for paicular laboratory)New onset and worsening renal insufficiencyPulmonary edema.Persistent cerebral or visual disturbancessubject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

7ef1e046-a4a8-45dd-9a3b-6ede4a1b85ce

Patient who is a known case of thalassemia major already on repeated blood transfusions with history of iron overload previously treated with chelating agents. She also has a history of cardiac arrhythmia. She came for BT now. During BT patient complained of backache and looks extremely anxious. What is next management?

Observe for a change in colour of the urine

Continue BT, do ECG

Stop BT and wait for patient to get normal and sta

Stop BT and Do clerical check

single

Ans. d. Stop BT and do clerical checkThe patient has ominous signs of a major Acute Hemolytic transfusion reaction ( Backache/anxiety). STOP THE TRANSFUSION WITHOUT ANY DELAY.Also fuher work up is mandatory(especially the basic clerical work like checking the blood product details and cross matching repos) and do not resta transfusion until it is complete

Medicine

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 7ef1e046-a4a8-45dd-9a3b-6ede4a1b85cequestion: Patient who is a known case of thalassemia major already on repeated blood transfusions with history of iron overload previously treated with chelating agents. She also has a history of cardiac arrhythmia. She came for BT now. During BT patient complained of backache and looks extremely anxious. What is next management?opa: Observe for a change in colour of the urineopb: Continue BT, do ECGopc: Stop BT and wait for patient to get normal and staopd: Stop BT and Do clerical checkcop: 3choice_type: singleexp: Ans. d. Stop BT and do clerical checkThe patient has ominous signs of a major Acute Hemolytic transfusion reaction ( Backache/anxiety). STOP THE TRANSFUSION WITHOUT ANY DELAY.Also fuher work up is mandatory(especially the basic clerical work like checking the blood product details and cross matching repos) and do not resta transfusion until it is completesubject_name: Medicinetopic_name: None

yes

41b7f0c0-744e-41fd-ae2b-13fc6a741347

In a patient with heart disease, which of the following should not be used to control PPH:

Methylergometrine

Oxytocin

Misoprostol

Carboprost

single

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 41b7f0c0-744e-41fd-ae2b-13fc6a741347question: In a patient with heart disease, which of the following should not be used to control PPH:opa: Methylergometrineopb: Oxytocinopc: Misoprostolopd: Carboprostcop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

593bd593-3060-493d-bb10-ff9e10e36f17

In Rh lso Immunisation, exchange transfusion is indicated if –

Cord blood hemoglobin is less than 10 g %

Cord bilirubin is more than 5 mg

History of previous sibling affected

All of these

multi

Indications of Exchange transfusion Cord hemoglobin      _.10g/dL           o Bilirubin protein ratio >3.5        o Prematurity Cord bilirubin          >5mg/d             o Reticulocyte count > 15% Previous kernicterus or severe erythroblastosis in a sibling

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 593bd593-3060-493d-bb10-ff9e10e36f17question: In Rh lso Immunisation, exchange transfusion is indicated if –opa: Cord blood hemoglobin is less than 10 g %opb: Cord bilirubin is more than 5 mgopc: History of previous sibling affectedopd: All of thesecop: 3choice_type: multiexp: Indications of Exchange transfusion Cord hemoglobin      _.10g/dL           o Bilirubin protein ratio >3.5        o Prematurity Cord bilirubin          >5mg/d             o Reticulocyte count > 15% Previous kernicterus or severe erythroblastosis in a siblingsubject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

605726f9-65ea-400a-987f-c07d48525120

Which of the following statements regarding Kawasaki disease is true –

Associated with coronary artery aneurysm in up to 25% of untreated cases

It is the most common cause of vasculitis in children

IV immunoglobulins are recommended only if coronary artery is involved

Lymph node biopsy is used for diagnosis

multi

"Coronary artery aneurysm develop in up to 25% of untreated patients" - Nelson Kawasaki disease Kawasaki disease, also known as lymph node syndrome, mucocutaneous-lymph node syndrome, and infant polyarteritis, is a poorly understood self-limited vasculitis that affects many organs, including the skin mucous membrane, lymph nodes, heart and blood vessel walls. It is usually seen in children younger than 5 years. Kawasaki disease predominantly affect medium sized vessels, but may also affect small or large vessels. Presentation Presenting features may be divided into : - 1. Mucocutaneous, lymphnode involved Often begins with high grade fever. Erythma of mouth, red cracked lips, a strawberry tongue. Bilateral conjuctival injection with iritis and keratic precipitate. Red palms and soles Rash, which may take many forms (but not vesicular), on trunk. Rash with peeling of skin in genital area perineal desquamation. Cervical lymphadenopathy Beau's lines (transverse grooves on nails). Arthralgia 2. Heart The cardiac complications are the most important aspect of the disease. These are due to coronary vasculitis. Vasculitis causes coronary ectasia and coronary artery aneurism. Aneurism may lead to MI and sudden death. Myocarditis, pericarditis with small pericardial effusion. Valvular regurgitation Laborator findings Lymph node biopsy does not aid the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease (not used) The diagnosis of Kawasaki disease is based on presence of specific clinical signs (Clinical criteria). These is no specific laboratory test

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 605726f9-65ea-400a-987f-c07d48525120question: Which of the following statements regarding Kawasaki disease is true –opa: Associated with coronary artery aneurysm in up to 25% of untreated casesopb: It is the most common cause of vasculitis in childrenopc: IV immunoglobulins are recommended only if coronary artery is involvedopd: Lymph node biopsy is used for diagnosiscop: 0choice_type: multiexp: "Coronary artery aneurysm develop in up to 25% of untreated patients" - Nelson Kawasaki disease Kawasaki disease, also known as lymph node syndrome, mucocutaneous-lymph node syndrome, and infant polyarteritis, is a poorly understood self-limited vasculitis that affects many organs, including the skin mucous membrane, lymph nodes, heart and blood vessel walls. It is usually seen in children younger than 5 years. Kawasaki disease predominantly affect medium sized vessels, but may also affect small or large vessels. Presentation Presenting features may be divided into : - 1. Mucocutaneous, lymphnode involved Often begins with high grade fever. Erythma of mouth, red cracked lips, a strawberry tongue. Bilateral conjuctival injection with iritis and keratic precipitate. Red palms and soles Rash, which may take many forms (but not vesicular), on trunk. Rash with peeling of skin in genital area perineal desquamation. Cervical lymphadenopathy Beau's lines (transverse grooves on nails). Arthralgia 2. Heart The cardiac complications are the most important aspect of the disease. These are due to coronary vasculitis. Vasculitis causes coronary ectasia and coronary artery aneurism. Aneurism may lead to MI and sudden death. Myocarditis, pericarditis with small pericardial effusion. Valvular regurgitation Laborator findings Lymph node biopsy does not aid the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease (not used) The diagnosis of Kawasaki disease is based on presence of specific clinical signs (Clinical criteria). These is no specific laboratory testsubject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

16a4ed7f-088f-4bff-b638-418bad1f9eef

Dried blood spotes test in neonates is used in testing for:-

Inborn error of metabolism

Blood group

Total cell count

Creatinine and bilirubin

single

Dried blood spots are used in Tandem Mass Spectrometry as screening test for inborn errors of metabolism. Another screening test used- GCMS gas chromatography mass spectroscopy.

Pediatrics

AIIMS 2017

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 16a4ed7f-088f-4bff-b638-418bad1f9eefquestion: Dried blood spotes test in neonates is used in testing for:-opa: Inborn error of metabolismopb: Blood groupopc: Total cell countopd: Creatinine and bilirubincop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Dried blood spots are used in Tandem Mass Spectrometry as screening test for inborn errors of metabolism. Another screening test used- GCMS gas chromatography mass spectroscopy.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: AIIMS 2017

yes

cfd037d5-868e-49d9-89e8-a084e84ce0dc

A child presented with respiratory distress was brought to emergency with bag and mask ventilation. Now child is intubated. Chest X–ray shows right–sided deviation of mediastinum with scaphoid abdomen. His Pulse rate is increased. What is the next step ?

Endotracheal intubation

Put a nasogastric tube

Surgery

End tidal CO2 to confirm intubation

multi

Mediastnal deviation, scaphoid abdomen with respiratory distress suggest the diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). The resuscitation of CDH patient consist of Stabilization by mechanical ventilation with 100% 02. Nasogastric suction This child has already been intubated. Now nasogastric suction should be done to aspirate swallowed air and to prevent distension of the herniated bowel. which would further compress the lung.

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: cfd037d5-868e-49d9-89e8-a084e84ce0dcquestion: A child presented with respiratory distress was brought to emergency with bag and mask ventilation. Now child is intubated. Chest X–ray shows right–sided deviation of mediastinum with scaphoid abdomen. His Pulse rate is increased. What is the next step ?opa: Endotracheal intubationopb: Put a nasogastric tubeopc: Surgeryopd: End tidal CO2 to confirm intubationcop: 1choice_type: multiexp: Mediastnal deviation, scaphoid abdomen with respiratory distress suggest the diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). The resuscitation of CDH patient consist of Stabilization by mechanical ventilation with 100% 02. Nasogastric suction This child has already been intubated. Now nasogastric suction should be done to aspirate swallowed air and to prevent distension of the herniated bowel. which would further compress the lung.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

97194c13-bb56-4e06-ac35-79f69cb41bb3

Storage temperature of RBC, Platelet, and Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) are:

RBC 2-6oC, Platelet 20-22oC, FFP-30oC

RBC - 30oC, FFP 2-6oC, Platelet 20-22oC

RBC 20-22oC, Platelet 2-6oC, FFP-30oC

RBC 20-22oC, FFP-30o C, Platelet 2-6oC

single

Platelets are stored at 20-24?C with continuous agitation. Since they are present at room temperature transfusion related infections are high with platelet transfusion Packed RBC's are stored at a temperature of 2-6?C FFP and cryoprecipitate are stored at -18 to -30? C

Pathology

AIIMS 2018

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 97194c13-bb56-4e06-ac35-79f69cb41bb3question: Storage temperature of RBC, Platelet, and Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) are:opa: RBC 2-6oC, Platelet 20-22oC, FFP-30oCopb: RBC - 30oC, FFP 2-6oC, Platelet 20-22oCopc: RBC 20-22oC, Platelet 2-6oC, FFP-30oCopd: RBC 20-22oC, FFP-30o C, Platelet 2-6oCcop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Platelets are stored at 20-24?C with continuous agitation. Since they are present at room temperature transfusion related infections are high with platelet transfusion Packed RBC's are stored at a temperature of 2-6?C FFP and cryoprecipitate are stored at -18 to -30? Csubject_name: Pathologytopic_name: AIIMS 2018

yes

5907e711-096f-4251-aea5-042f65debd5b

Post operative thromboprophylaxis by low molecular weight heparin is best done by which route of administration?

Subcutaneous

Intravenous

Inhalational

Intramuscular

single

Ans. A. Subcutaneous* Both heparin 5,000 units subcutaneously every 8 hours and enoxaparin 40 mg subcutaneously once daily provide highly effective and safe prophylaxis for patients undergoing colorectal surgery.

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 5907e711-096f-4251-aea5-042f65debd5bquestion: Post operative thromboprophylaxis by low molecular weight heparin is best done by which route of administration?opa: Subcutaneousopb: Intravenousopc: Inhalationalopd: Intramuscularcop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Ans. A. Subcutaneous* Both heparin 5,000 units subcutaneously every 8 hours and enoxaparin 40 mg subcutaneously once daily provide highly effective and safe prophylaxis for patients undergoing colorectal surgery.subject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

ed5e1979-1d14-4bcb-a2b1-8fa0f334b982

A 36 years old patient underwent breast conservation therapy and chemotherapy for a 1.5 x 1.2 cm ER positive breast cancer with one positive axillary lymph node. She is now on tamoxifen. How will you follow-up the patient?

Annual bone scan

Assessment of tumor markers 6 monthly

Routine clinical examination 3 monthly in 1st year with annual mammogram

Routine clinical examination 3 monthly and 6 monthly liver function tests

single

Answer- C. Routine clinical examination 3 monthly in 1st year with annual mammogramBreast cancer follow-up should be done with history & physical examination Every 3 to 6 months for the first 3 years, every 6 to 12 months,4 and 5 years, annually thereafter; Mammography annually, beginning no earlier than 6 months after radiation therapy. There is currently no routine role for repeated measurements of tumour markers or imaging other than mammography.

Surgery

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: ed5e1979-1d14-4bcb-a2b1-8fa0f334b982question: A 36 years old patient underwent breast conservation therapy and chemotherapy for a 1.5 x 1.2 cm ER positive breast cancer with one positive axillary lymph node. She is now on tamoxifen. How will you follow-up the patient?opa: Annual bone scanopb: Assessment of tumor markers 6 monthlyopc: Routine clinical examination 3 monthly in 1st year with annual mammogramopd: Routine clinical examination 3 monthly and 6 monthly liver function testscop: 2choice_type: singleexp: Answer- C. Routine clinical examination 3 monthly in 1st year with annual mammogramBreast cancer follow-up should be done with history & physical examination Every 3 to 6 months for the first 3 years, every 6 to 12 months,4 and 5 years, annually thereafter; Mammography annually, beginning no earlier than 6 months after radiation therapy. There is currently no routine role for repeated measurements of tumour markers or imaging other than mammography.subject_name: Surgerytopic_name: None

yes

4fbd9ccb-2efb-4e4a-bcea-2db337a825ff

Which of the following drug is used to counter act the gastric irritation produced by administration of NSAID:

Roxatidine

Pirenzipine

Betaxolol

Misoprostol

single

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 4fbd9ccb-2efb-4e4a-bcea-2db337a825ffquestion: Which of the following drug is used to counter act the gastric irritation produced by administration of NSAID:opa: Roxatidineopb: Pirenzipineopc: Betaxololopd: Misoprostolcop: 3choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

e16742f8-aa56-4a27-9d8d-b7643e5f27c5

Hypoxic Ischemic encephalopathy true is –

Lower limbs affected more than upper limbs

Prox. Muscles > distal muscles

Seizure

Trunk involved

multi

Clinical features of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy Encephalopathy progress over time - Birth to 12 hours --> Decreased level of conciousness, poor tone, decreased spontaneous movement, periodic breathing or apnea, seizures. 12-24 hours --> More seizuers, Apneic spells, jitteriness, weakness. After 24 hours —> Hypotonia, conciousness, poor feeding, brainstem signs (oculomotor) and pupillary disturbances.

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: e16742f8-aa56-4a27-9d8d-b7643e5f27c5question: Hypoxic Ischemic encephalopathy true is –opa: Lower limbs affected more than upper limbsopb: Prox. Muscles > distal musclesopc: Seizureopd: Trunk involvedcop: 2choice_type: multiexp: Clinical features of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy Encephalopathy progress over time - Birth to 12 hours --> Decreased level of conciousness, poor tone, decreased spontaneous movement, periodic breathing or apnea, seizures. 12-24 hours --> More seizuers, Apneic spells, jitteriness, weakness. After 24 hours —> Hypotonia, conciousness, poor feeding, brainstem signs (oculomotor) and pupillary disturbances.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

641fe4d1-8fc4-4393-ada9-0f1fc1c25462

What is the first sign of pubey in a girl?

Thelarche

Menarche

Adrenarche

Pubarche

single

Ans: A. ThelarcheThe first physical sign of pubey in girls is usually a firm, tender lump under the center of the areola of one or both breasts; occurring on average at about 10.5 years of age. This is referred to as thelarche.Order of Signs of PubeyMales (TPAM)Females (TPM)Testicular enlargement (First sign)degPubarchedegAdrenarchedegMoustache & BearddegThelarche (First sign)degPubarchedegMenarchedeg Onset of PubeyMalesFemalesGrowth of testes ( 24 mL in volume or 2.5 cm in longest diameter) & thinning of scrotum are first signs of pubey (11- 12 year)deg.These are followed by pigmentation of scrotum & growth of penis & by pubarchedeg.Appearance of axillary hair usually occurs in mid-pubeydeg.In males, unlike in females, acceleration of growth is maximal at genital stages IV-V (typically between 13 & 14 years of age)deg.In males, growth spu occurs approximately 2 year later than in females & growth may continue beyond 18 years of agedeg.Breast development (thelarche) is usually first sign of pubey (10-11 years of age)Followed by the appearance of pubic hair (pubarche) 6-12 months laterdeg.Interval to the onset of menstrual activity (menarche) is usually 2-2.5 years, but may be as long as 6 yearsdeg.Peak height velocity occurs early (at breast stages 11-81 typically between 11-12 years of age) in girls and always precedes menarchedeg.Mean age of menarche is approximately 12.75 yearsdeg.

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 641fe4d1-8fc4-4393-ada9-0f1fc1c25462question: What is the first sign of pubey in a girl?opa: Thelarcheopb: Menarcheopc: Adrenarcheopd: Pubarchecop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Ans: A. ThelarcheThe first physical sign of pubey in girls is usually a firm, tender lump under the center of the areola of one or both breasts; occurring on average at about 10.5 years of age. This is referred to as thelarche.Order of Signs of PubeyMales (TPAM)Females (TPM)Testicular enlargement (First sign)degPubarchedegAdrenarchedegMoustache & BearddegThelarche (First sign)degPubarchedegMenarchedeg Onset of PubeyMalesFemalesGrowth of testes ( 24 mL in volume or 2.5 cm in longest diameter) & thinning of scrotum are first signs of pubey (11- 12 year)deg.These are followed by pigmentation of scrotum & growth of penis & by pubarchedeg.Appearance of axillary hair usually occurs in mid-pubeydeg.In males, unlike in females, acceleration of growth is maximal at genital stages IV-V (typically between 13 & 14 years of age)deg.In males, growth spu occurs approximately 2 year later than in females & growth may continue beyond 18 years of agedeg.Breast development (thelarche) is usually first sign of pubey (10-11 years of age)Followed by the appearance of pubic hair (pubarche) 6-12 months laterdeg.Interval to the onset of menstrual activity (menarche) is usually 2-2.5 years, but may be as long as 6 yearsdeg.Peak height velocity occurs early (at breast stages 11-81 typically between 11-12 years of age) in girls and always precedes menarchedeg.Mean age of menarche is approximately 12.75 yearsdeg.subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

acf13a25-349e-4480-bc59-50c9f8e752fd

A patient taking which of the following drug should not eat cheese, etc:

Tetracycline

Amoxycillin

Doxycycline

Triamterene

single

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: acf13a25-349e-4480-bc59-50c9f8e752fdquestion: A patient taking which of the following drug should not eat cheese, etc:opa: Tetracyclineopb: Amoxycillinopc: Doxycyclineopd: Triamterenecop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

3754573b-da5e-4350-9604-2bff0e3a30b3

A 6 years male child comes with complaints of bedwetting. The child is continent during the day and problem is only at night. Growth and development of the child were normal. Urine microscopy is normal and urine specific gravity was 1.020. How will you manage?

Reassure the parents and follow up after 6 months

Refer to psychiatrist

Complete blood counts

Ultrasound-KUB

single

Ans: A: Reassure the parents and follow up after 6 monthsExplanation:(Ref: Nelson 20Ie p2585; Ghai 8/e p504)Bed-wetting is normal till 5 years of age.In a child with only night-time bed wetting, when urinalysis (to rule out infections) and urine osmolality (to rule out diabetes) are normal, only regular follow up is required.Treatment:To reassure the child and parents that the condition is self-limited and to avoid punitive measures that can affect the child's psychologic development adversely.Fluid intake should be restricted to 2 oz after 6 or 7 pm.Parents should be ceain that the child voids at bedtime.Avoiding extraneous sugar and caffeine after 4 pm also is beneficial.If the child snores and the adenoids are enlarged, referral to an otolarvngologist should be considered, because adenoidectomv can cure the enuresis.

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 3754573b-da5e-4350-9604-2bff0e3a30b3question: A 6 years male child comes with complaints of bedwetting. The child is continent during the day and problem is only at night. Growth and development of the child were normal. Urine microscopy is normal and urine specific gravity was 1.020. How will you manage?opa: Reassure the parents and follow up after 6 monthsopb: Refer to psychiatristopc: Complete blood countsopd: Ultrasound-KUBcop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Ans: A: Reassure the parents and follow up after 6 monthsExplanation:(Ref: Nelson 20Ie p2585; Ghai 8/e p504)Bed-wetting is normal till 5 years of age.In a child with only night-time bed wetting, when urinalysis (to rule out infections) and urine osmolality (to rule out diabetes) are normal, only regular follow up is required.Treatment:To reassure the child and parents that the condition is self-limited and to avoid punitive measures that can affect the child's psychologic development adversely.Fluid intake should be restricted to 2 oz after 6 or 7 pm.Parents should be ceain that the child voids at bedtime.Avoiding extraneous sugar and caffeine after 4 pm also is beneficial.If the child snores and the adenoids are enlarged, referral to an otolarvngologist should be considered, because adenoidectomv can cure the enuresis.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

e7c84e8c-d3a6-4bb4-bc34-ad35687338b2

Drugs causing hyperglycemia:

β-blocker

Glucocorticoids

Acetylcholine

α-blockers

single

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: e7c84e8c-d3a6-4bb4-bc34-ad35687338b2question: Drugs causing hyperglycemia:opa: β-blockeropb: Glucocorticoidsopc: Acetylcholineopd: α-blockerscop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

f3e76c88-e70d-4d84-9f61-6d93ef188950

In CPR for Infants-1. The sequence followed is Compression - Breathing- Airway2. 30 chest compression is given3. 1 breathe every 15 compressions4. Chest Compression should be 1 1/2 inches in infants5. In infants, the brachial pulse should be assessed.

True False False True False

True False False True True

False True False True False

False True False True True

multi

Ans. D. False True False True TrueEmergency care providers should check the victim's pulse for at least 5 seconds but no longer than 10 seconds. For children aged one to adolescence, the pulse should be checked at the carotid aery. In infants, the brachial pulse should be assessed.If there is a palpable pulse within 10 seconds, then a rescue breath should be given every 3 seconds. Breaths should last one second and the chest should be observed for visible rise. If the victim has an advanced airway, then the provider should administer breaths 10-12 times per minute.If the pulse is less than 60/minute, or if the victim has signs of poor perfusion after adequate ventilation and oxygenation, the provider should begin chest compressions. In the absence of a pulse, a lone rescuer should begin CPR with 30 high quality compressions followed by two breaths. If two healthcare providers are available, the cycle of compressions to breaths should be 15:2 (pediatrics).High quality compressions in CPR should be a minimum of 1/3 the AP diameter of the chest, or approximately 1 1/2 inches in infants (4 cm) and 2" in children from age one to adolescence. The rate of compressions should be 100-120 per minute. Chest recoil should be complete between compressions.Pediatric compression is performed with the head of one hand over the lower 1/2 of the sternum, between the nipples. In infants, use two fingers, or use the thumb encircling technique if multiple providers are available

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: f3e76c88-e70d-4d84-9f61-6d93ef188950question: In CPR for Infants-1. The sequence followed is Compression - Breathing- Airway2. 30 chest compression is given3. 1 breathe every 15 compressions4. Chest Compression should be 1 1/2 inches in infants5. In infants, the brachial pulse should be assessed.opa: True False False True Falseopb: True False False True Trueopc: False True False True Falseopd: False True False True Truecop: 3choice_type: multiexp: Ans. D. False True False True TrueEmergency care providers should check the victim's pulse for at least 5 seconds but no longer than 10 seconds. For children aged one to adolescence, the pulse should be checked at the carotid aery. In infants, the brachial pulse should be assessed.If there is a palpable pulse within 10 seconds, then a rescue breath should be given every 3 seconds. Breaths should last one second and the chest should be observed for visible rise. If the victim has an advanced airway, then the provider should administer breaths 10-12 times per minute.If the pulse is less than 60/minute, or if the victim has signs of poor perfusion after adequate ventilation and oxygenation, the provider should begin chest compressions. In the absence of a pulse, a lone rescuer should begin CPR with 30 high quality compressions followed by two breaths. If two healthcare providers are available, the cycle of compressions to breaths should be 15:2 (pediatrics).High quality compressions in CPR should be a minimum of 1/3 the AP diameter of the chest, or approximately 1 1/2 inches in infants (4 cm) and 2" in children from age one to adolescence. The rate of compressions should be 100-120 per minute. Chest recoil should be complete between compressions.Pediatric compression is performed with the head of one hand over the lower 1/2 of the sternum, between the nipples. In infants, use two fingers, or use the thumb encircling technique if multiple providers are availablesubject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

d4979c9e-6419-4f42-b71d-bec7c5077426

Difference in transudate & exudate is that the former has a:

Low protein

Cloudy appearance

Increased specific gravity

High protein

single

Pathology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: d4979c9e-6419-4f42-b71d-bec7c5077426question: Difference in transudate & exudate is that the former has a:opa: Low proteinopb: Cloudy appearanceopc: Increased specific gravityopd: High proteincop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Pathologytopic_name: None

yes

2b2dd003-8c87-47d5-8080-8f64371932e0

Sorting a patient of trauma of head injury on basis of need of care and availability of resources

Triage

Emergency care

Definitive care

Hospital care

single

Surgery

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 2b2dd003-8c87-47d5-8080-8f64371932e0question: Sorting a patient of trauma of head injury on basis of need of care and availability of resourcesopa: Triageopb: Emergency careopc: Definitive careopd: Hospital carecop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Surgerytopic_name: None

yes

db876ffe-c2d5-4d12-9aa1-6745cac9cb2d

Video based question - AIIMS NICU - neonate shown on O2 with nasal prongs, not intubated, sister shown inseing a tube through the mouth, camera zooms in, 18 (calibration) mark seen, the other (green) end as of now not connected to anything, video ends, what is the procedure that is being done?VIDEO LINK:

Oral suction

Oropharyngeal suction

Nasogastric tube inse

Orogastric tube inseion

single

Ans. D. Orogastric tube inseion

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: db876ffe-c2d5-4d12-9aa1-6745cac9cb2dquestion: Video based question - AIIMS NICU - neonate shown on O2 with nasal prongs, not intubated, sister shown inseing a tube through the mouth, camera zooms in, 18 (calibration) mark seen, the other (green) end as of now not connected to anything, video ends, what is the procedure that is being done?VIDEO LINK:opa: Oral suctionopb: Oropharyngeal suctionopc: Nasogastric tube inseopd: Orogastric tube inseioncop: 3choice_type: singleexp: Ans. D. Orogastric tube inseionsubject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

c18807a9-ccf8-40f5-8b11-9e2c8b789c3e

A middle-aged woman came to OPD with a twin pregnancy. She already had 2 first trimester aboion and she has a 3 years old female child who was born at the end of ninth month of gestation. Which of the following is her accurate representation? C = gravid, P = para?

G4P1 1+2+1

G4P1 0+1+2

G5P1 2+0+1

G5P0 1+0+2

single

Answer- B. G4P1 0+1+2The nomenclature for this question is bused on a system called GTPAL systemGravida and parity: Gravida denotes o pregnant state both present and past, irrespective of the period of gestation.Parity denotes a state of previous pregnancy beyond the period of bility

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: c18807a9-ccf8-40f5-8b11-9e2c8b789c3equestion: A middle-aged woman came to OPD with a twin pregnancy. She already had 2 first trimester aboion and she has a 3 years old female child who was born at the end of ninth month of gestation. Which of the following is her accurate representation? C = gravid, P = para?opa: G4P1 1+2+1opb: G4P1 0+1+2opc: G5P1 2+0+1opd: G5P0 1+0+2cop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Answer- B. G4P1 0+1+2The nomenclature for this question is bused on a system called GTPAL systemGravida and parity: Gravida denotes o pregnant state both present and past, irrespective of the period of gestation.Parity denotes a state of previous pregnancy beyond the period of bilitysubject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

8e0eacd3-9755-426d-b1c5-2bff71295f88

Which of the following scoring system is used for wound infection?

ASA score

SIRS score

Southampton score

Glasgow score

single

Southampton Wound Grading System Grade/Appearance Subtype/Appearance 0: Normal healing I: Normal healing with mild bruising or erythema la: some bruising lb: Considerable bruising Ic: Mild erythema II: Erythema plus other signs of inflammation IIa: At one point IIb: Around sutures IIc: Along wound IId: Around wound III: Clear or hemoserous discharge IIIa: At one point only (<2 cm) IIIb: Along wound (>2 cm IIIc: Large volume IIId: Prolonged (>3 days) IV: Pus IVa: At one point only (<2 cm) IVb: Along wound (>2 cm)

Surgery

AIIMS 2019

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 8e0eacd3-9755-426d-b1c5-2bff71295f88question: Which of the following scoring system is used for wound infection?opa: ASA scoreopb: SIRS scoreopc: Southampton scoreopd: Glasgow scorecop: 2choice_type: singleexp: Southampton Wound Grading System Grade/Appearance Subtype/Appearance 0: Normal healing I: Normal healing with mild bruising or erythema la: some bruising lb: Considerable bruising Ic: Mild erythema II: Erythema plus other signs of inflammation IIa: At one point IIb: Around sutures IIc: Along wound IId: Around wound III: Clear or hemoserous discharge IIIa: At one point only (<2 cm) IIIb: Along wound (>2 cm IIIc: Large volume IIId: Prolonged (>3 days) IV: Pus IVa: At one point only (<2 cm) IVb: Along wound (>2 cm)subject_name: Surgerytopic_name: AIIMS 2019

yes

e0120b3c-b9c7-4167-a9e7-b07b767d14d3

In a non-diabetic high risk pregnancy the ideal time for non stress test monitoring is:

48 hrs

72 hrs

96 hrs

24 hrs

single

Intervals between NST testing “The interval between tests is arbitrarily set at 7 days. According to ACOG, more frequent testing is advocated for women with posterm pregnancy, type I diabetes mellitus, IUGR or gestational hypertension. In these circumstances some investigators recommend twice weekly (i.e. after 72 hours) with additional testing performed for maternal or fetal deterioration regardless of the time elapsed since the last test. Others recommend NST daily. Generally daily NST is recommended with severe preeclampsia remote from term.”

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: e0120b3c-b9c7-4167-a9e7-b07b767d14d3question: In a non-diabetic high risk pregnancy the ideal time for non stress test monitoring is:opa: 48 hrsopb: 72 hrsopc: 96 hrsopd: 24 hrscop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Intervals between NST testing “The interval between tests is arbitrarily set at 7 days. According to ACOG, more frequent testing is advocated for women with posterm pregnancy, type I diabetes mellitus, IUGR or gestational hypertension. In these circumstances some investigators recommend twice weekly (i.e. after 72 hours) with additional testing performed for maternal or fetal deterioration regardless of the time elapsed since the last test. Others recommend NST daily. Generally daily NST is recommended with severe preeclampsia remote from term.”subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

599296cf-99e1-4a99-8322-cc24fef094a7

A Rh-negative mother, who has Indirect Coombs Test (ICT), negative was given Anti-D during 28 weeks of pregnancy. Which of the following is the ideal one?

Give another dose of Anti-D 72 hours postpaum depending on the baby blood group

Give another dose of Anti-D 72 hours postpaum irrespective of baby blood group

No need of additional dose since she is ICT negative

All of the above

multi

Answer- A. Give another dose of Anti-D 72 hours postpaum depending on the baby blood groupACOG (2010) recommends anti-D immune globulin to be given prophylactically to all Rh D-negative, unsensitized women at approximately 28 weeks, and a second dose given after delivery if the infant is Rh D-positive. Before the 28-week dose of anti-D immune globulin, repeat antibocly screening is recommended to identify individuals who have become alloimmunized. Following delivery, anti-D immune globulin should be given within 72 hours.

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 599296cf-99e1-4a99-8322-cc24fef094a7question: A Rh-negative mother, who has Indirect Coombs Test (ICT), negative was given Anti-D during 28 weeks of pregnancy. Which of the following is the ideal one?opa: Give another dose of Anti-D 72 hours postpaum depending on the baby blood groupopb: Give another dose of Anti-D 72 hours postpaum irrespective of baby blood groupopc: No need of additional dose since she is ICT negativeopd: All of the abovecop: 0choice_type: multiexp: Answer- A. Give another dose of Anti-D 72 hours postpaum depending on the baby blood groupACOG (2010) recommends anti-D immune globulin to be given prophylactically to all Rh D-negative, unsensitized women at approximately 28 weeks, and a second dose given after delivery if the infant is Rh D-positive. Before the 28-week dose of anti-D immune globulin, repeat antibocly screening is recommended to identify individuals who have become alloimmunized. Following delivery, anti-D immune globulin should be given within 72 hours.subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

8870f48b-468f-484c-8070-3b135b2c7ada

Foltowing are the features of the color of normal amniotic fluid during delivery?

Milky to yellowish green with mucus flakes

Amber colored

Clear colorless to Pale Yellow

Golden color

single

Ans: C. Clear colorless to Pale YellowRef: DC Dutto's textbook of Obstetrics, 9't' ed.Green yellow with flakes (meconium stained)- Fetal distressGolden color- Rh incompatibilityGreenish Ye11ow (saffron)- postmaturityDark colored - concealed accidental hemorrhageDark brown (tobacco juice)- Intruterine demise

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 8870f48b-468f-484c-8070-3b135b2c7adaquestion: Foltowing are the features of the color of normal amniotic fluid during delivery?opa: Milky to yellowish green with mucus flakesopb: Amber coloredopc: Clear colorless to Pale Yellowopd: Golden colorcop: 2choice_type: singleexp: Ans: C. Clear colorless to Pale YellowRef: DC Dutto's textbook of Obstetrics, 9't' ed.Green yellow with flakes (meconium stained)- Fetal distressGolden color- Rh incompatibilityGreenish Ye11ow (saffron)- postmaturityDark colored - concealed accidental hemorrhageDark brown (tobacco juice)- Intruterine demisesubject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

084820b0-75b4-43ae-adf9-83fb0e20f4eb

Which of the following tests is most sensitive for the detection of iron depletion in pregnancy ?

Serum iron

Serum ferritin

Serum transferrin

Serum iron binding capacity

single

Serum ferritin is the most sensitive test as it correlates best with iron stores and is the first test to become abnormal in case of iron deficiency. Remember: Storage form of iron : – Ferritin Transport form of iron – Transferrin As per CDC serum ferritin less than 15 mg/l confirms iron deficiency anemia.

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 084820b0-75b4-43ae-adf9-83fb0e20f4ebquestion: Which of the following tests is most sensitive for the detection of iron depletion in pregnancy ?opa: Serum ironopb: Serum ferritinopc: Serum transferrinopd: Serum iron binding capacitycop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Serum ferritin is the most sensitive test as it correlates best with iron stores and is the first test to become abnormal in case of iron deficiency. Remember: Storage form of iron : – Ferritin Transport form of iron – Transferrin As per CDC serum ferritin less than 15 mg/l confirms iron deficiency anemia.subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

937dd47d-2d03-4bb7-a36d-d82a58f565d5

A young girl hospitalised with anorexia nervosa is on treatment, Even after taking adequate food according to the recommended diet plan for last 1 week, there is no gain in weight, what is the next step in management:

Increase fluid intake

Observe patient for 2 hours after meal

Increase the do se of anxiolytics

Increase the caloric intake from 1500 kcal to 2000 kcal per day

multi

Ans. B. Observe patient for 2 hours after mealIn this condition because the food is often regurgitated after meals, the staff may be able to control vomiting by making the bathroom inaccessible for at least 2 hours after meals or by having an attendant in the bathroom to prevent the oppounity for vomiting.The hospital staff should give the patients about 500 calories over the amount required to maintain their present weight (usually 1500 to 2000 calories a day).

Psychiatry

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 937dd47d-2d03-4bb7-a36d-d82a58f565d5question: A young girl hospitalised with anorexia nervosa is on treatment, Even after taking adequate food according to the recommended diet plan for last 1 week, there is no gain in weight, what is the next step in management:opa: Increase fluid intakeopb: Observe patient for 2 hours after mealopc: Increase the do se of anxiolyticsopd: Increase the caloric intake from 1500 kcal to 2000 kcal per daycop: 1choice_type: multiexp: Ans. B. Observe patient for 2 hours after mealIn this condition because the food is often regurgitated after meals, the staff may be able to control vomiting by making the bathroom inaccessible for at least 2 hours after meals or by having an attendant in the bathroom to prevent the oppounity for vomiting.The hospital staff should give the patients about 500 calories over the amount required to maintain their present weight (usually 1500 to 2000 calories a day).subject_name: Psychiatrytopic_name: None

yes

be9a2669-d3a5-41a7-9b1b-608757751254

RBCs are stored at what temperature?

-2 to -4 degC

2-6 degC

20-25 degC

37 degC

single

Ans: B. 2-6 degC(Ref UK-NHS Guidelines; Harrison 19/e p138e-2).RBCs should be stored at a temperature of 2-6 "Celsius.ComponentStorage & durationWhole Blood2-6degC for 42 daysdegPacked RBCs2-6degC for 42 daysdegPlatelets22-24degC for 5 daysdegFFP-18degC for 1 yeardeg -18degC for 1 yeardeg -18degC for 1 year

Pathology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: be9a2669-d3a5-41a7-9b1b-608757751254question: RBCs are stored at what temperature?opa: -2 to -4 degCopb: 2-6 degCopc: 20-25 degCopd: 37 degCcop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Ans: B. 2-6 degC(Ref UK-NHS Guidelines; Harrison 19/e p138e-2).RBCs should be stored at a temperature of 2-6 "Celsius.ComponentStorage & durationWhole Blood2-6degC for 42 daysdegPacked RBCs2-6degC for 42 daysdegPlatelets22-24degC for 5 daysdegFFP-18degC for 1 yeardeg -18degC for 1 yeardeg -18degC for 1 yearsubject_name: Pathologytopic_name: None

yes

7ac6c505-a563-4d72-a4c7-8c9681df35b0

Wound that does not involve dermis is

Abrasion

contusion

Laceration

Incision

single

Surgery

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 7ac6c505-a563-4d72-a4c7-8c9681df35b0question: Wound that does not involve dermis isopa: Abrasionopb: contusionopc: Lacerationopd: Incisioncop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Surgerytopic_name: None

yes

24662938-a2a7-4328-846d-1887c22ff54c

A patient was given ampicillin 2 g intravenously. After that, the person developed rash on skin, hypotension and difficulty in breathing. The patient should be managed by

0.5 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline by intramuscular route

0.5 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline by intravenous route

0.5 ml of 1:10000 adrenaline by intramuscular route

0.5 ml of 1:10000 adrenaline by intravenous route

single

Penicillins are prone to cause allergic reactions features like rash on skin, hypotension ,difficulty in breathing are suggestive of anaphylactic shock. Drugs Frequently causing allergic reactions Penicillins Aspirin Cephalosporins Indomethacin Sulfonamides Carbamazepine Tetracyclines Allopurinol Quinolones ACE inhibitors Metronidazole Methyldopa Abacavir Hydralazine Antitubercular drugs Local anaesthetics Phenothiazines In case of anaphylactic shock the resuscitation council of UK has recommended the following measure : * Put the patient in reclining position, administer oxygen at high flow rate and perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation if required.* Inject adrenaline 0.5 mg (0.5 ml of I in I 000 solution for adult, 0.3 ml for child 6-12 years and 0.15 ml for child upto 6 years) i.m.; repeat every 5-10 min in case patient does not improve or improvement is transient. This is the only life saving measure. Adrenaline should not be injected i.v. (can itself be fatal) unless shock is immediately life threatening. If adrenaline is to be injected i. v., it should be diluted to 1:10,000 or 1:100,000 and infused slowly with constant monitoring. * Administer a H1 antihistaminic (pheniramine 20-40 mg or chlorpheniramine I 0-20 mg) i.m./slow i.v. It may have adjuvant value.* Intravenous glucocoicoid (hydrocoisone sod. succinate 200 mg) should be added in severe/recurrent cases. It acts slowly, but is specially valuable for prolonged reactions and in asthmatics. It may be followed by oral prednisolone for 3 days.

Pharmacology

AIIMS 2019

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 24662938-a2a7-4328-846d-1887c22ff54cquestion: A patient was given ampicillin 2 g intravenously. After that, the person developed rash on skin, hypotension and difficulty in breathing. The patient should be managed byopa: 0.5 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline by intramuscular routeopb: 0.5 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline by intravenous routeopc: 0.5 ml of 1:10000 adrenaline by intramuscular routeopd: 0.5 ml of 1:10000 adrenaline by intravenous routecop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Penicillins are prone to cause allergic reactions features like rash on skin, hypotension ,difficulty in breathing are suggestive of anaphylactic shock. Drugs Frequently causing allergic reactions Penicillins Aspirin Cephalosporins Indomethacin Sulfonamides Carbamazepine Tetracyclines Allopurinol Quinolones ACE inhibitors Metronidazole Methyldopa Abacavir Hydralazine Antitubercular drugs Local anaesthetics Phenothiazines In case of anaphylactic shock the resuscitation council of UK has recommended the following measure : * Put the patient in reclining position, administer oxygen at high flow rate and perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation if required.* Inject adrenaline 0.5 mg (0.5 ml of I in I 000 solution for adult, 0.3 ml for child 6-12 years and 0.15 ml for child upto 6 years) i.m.; repeat every 5-10 min in case patient does not improve or improvement is transient. This is the only life saving measure. Adrenaline should not be injected i.v. (can itself be fatal) unless shock is immediately life threatening. If adrenaline is to be injected i. v., it should be diluted to 1:10,000 or 1:100,000 and infused slowly with constant monitoring. * Administer a H1 antihistaminic (pheniramine 20-40 mg or chlorpheniramine I 0-20 mg) i.m./slow i.v. It may have adjuvant value.* Intravenous glucocoicoid (hydrocoisone sod. succinate 200 mg) should be added in severe/recurrent cases. It acts slowly, but is specially valuable for prolonged reactions and in asthmatics. It may be followed by oral prednisolone for 3 days.subject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: AIIMS 2019

yes

6bb818fb-dbe5-4580-8f45-d6e875bf0516

A 28 year old eclamptic woman develop convulsions.The first measure to be done is:

Give MgSO4

Sedation of patient

Immediate delivery

Care of airway

single

Preeclampsia when complicated with convulsion and / or coma is called eclampsia. Fits occurring in eclampsia are Generalised tonic clonic seizure. In most cases seizures are self limited, lasting for 1 to 2 minutes. Management: “The first priorities are to ensure that the airway is clear and to prevent injury and aspiration of gastric content COGDT 10/e, p 326 Initial management during eclamptic fit: Patients should be kept in an isolated room to protect from noxious stimulus which might provoke further fits. Mouth gag is placed between teeth to prevent tongue bite. Air passage is cleared off the mucus. Oxygen is given. Catheterization is done to monitor urine output. Specific management: A. Medical management i. Seizure treatment The drug of choice for the control and prevention of convulsions is magnesium sulphate (Pritchard’s regimen) Previously used anticonvulsant regimen for eclampsia was ‘Lytic cocktail regimen’ given by Menon using pethidine, chlorpromazine and phenargen. but now it is not used. ii. Treatment of hypertension DOC in eclampsia is labetalol. 2nd DOC in eclampsia is hydralazine. B. Obstetric management in antepartum cases: Immediate termination of pregnancy should be done. Vaginal delivery is preferred but “In current obstetrical practice the large majority of eclamptic women are delivered by cesarean section. The most common exception to cesarean delivery are women with a fetal demise and the rare ones with a very ripe cervix.” Fernando Arias 3/e, p 427

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 6bb818fb-dbe5-4580-8f45-d6e875bf0516question: A 28 year old eclamptic woman develop convulsions.The first measure to be done is:opa: Give MgSO4opb: Sedation of patientopc: Immediate deliveryopd: Care of airwaycop: 3choice_type: singleexp: Preeclampsia when complicated with convulsion and / or coma is called eclampsia. Fits occurring in eclampsia are Generalised tonic clonic seizure. In most cases seizures are self limited, lasting for 1 to 2 minutes. Management: “The first priorities are to ensure that the airway is clear and to prevent injury and aspiration of gastric content COGDT 10/e, p 326 Initial management during eclamptic fit: Patients should be kept in an isolated room to protect from noxious stimulus which might provoke further fits. Mouth gag is placed between teeth to prevent tongue bite. Air passage is cleared off the mucus. Oxygen is given. Catheterization is done to monitor urine output. Specific management: A. Medical management i. Seizure treatment The drug of choice for the control and prevention of convulsions is magnesium sulphate (Pritchard’s regimen) Previously used anticonvulsant regimen for eclampsia was ‘Lytic cocktail regimen’ given by Menon using pethidine, chlorpromazine and phenargen. but now it is not used. ii. Treatment of hypertension DOC in eclampsia is labetalol. 2nd DOC in eclampsia is hydralazine. B. Obstetric management in antepartum cases: Immediate termination of pregnancy should be done. Vaginal delivery is preferred but “In current obstetrical practice the large majority of eclamptic women are delivered by cesarean section. The most common exception to cesarean delivery are women with a fetal demise and the rare ones with a very ripe cervix.” Fernando Arias 3/e, p 427subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

b92c7401-27d9-4cc0-80f1-5e6369047365

Some medicine comes with a label of 'store at a cool place only'. At what temperature should these medicines be kept?

8-15 degC

2-8 degC

0 degC

25-28 degC

single

Ans: A. 8-15 degC(Ref: Park 22/e p100)Some medicines come with label of 'store at a cool place only'.These medicines should be kept at 8-15 degC.Definitions of Storage Conditions of Drugs as per Ip 6 (Indian Pharmacopoeia 1996)ColdAny temperature not exceeding 8degC and usually between 2-8degC. A refrigerator is a cold place in which the temperature is maintained thermostatically between 28degC.CoolAny temperature between 8-25degC.An aicle, for which storage in a cool place is directed may alternately,be stored in a refrigerator unless otherwise specified in the individual monograph.Room TemperatureThe temperature prevailing in a working area.WarmAny temperature between 30-40degC.Excessive heatAny temperature above 40degC.Light resistant containersA light-resistant container protect the content from the effect of actinic light by viue of the specific propeies of the material of which it is made.Well closed containerA well-closed container protects the contents from contamination by extraneous liquid & from loss of the aicle under normal condition of handling, shipment, storage & distribution.Well closed containerA tightly closed container protects the contents from contamination by extraneous liquid & solids or vapor, from loss or deterioration of the aicle from effervescence, deliquescent or evaporation under normal condition of handling, shipment, storage & distribution.

Social & Preventive Medicine

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: b92c7401-27d9-4cc0-80f1-5e6369047365question: Some medicine comes with a label of 'store at a cool place only'. At what temperature should these medicines be kept?opa: 8-15 degCopb: 2-8 degCopc: 0 degCopd: 25-28 degCcop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Ans: A. 8-15 degC(Ref: Park 22/e p100)Some medicines come with label of 'store at a cool place only'.These medicines should be kept at 8-15 degC.Definitions of Storage Conditions of Drugs as per Ip 6 (Indian Pharmacopoeia 1996)ColdAny temperature not exceeding 8degC and usually between 2-8degC. A refrigerator is a cold place in which the temperature is maintained thermostatically between 28degC.CoolAny temperature between 8-25degC.An aicle, for which storage in a cool place is directed may alternately,be stored in a refrigerator unless otherwise specified in the individual monograph.Room TemperatureThe temperature prevailing in a working area.WarmAny temperature between 30-40degC.Excessive heatAny temperature above 40degC.Light resistant containersA light-resistant container protect the content from the effect of actinic light by viue of the specific propeies of the material of which it is made.Well closed containerA well-closed container protects the contents from contamination by extraneous liquid & from loss of the aicle under normal condition of handling, shipment, storage & distribution.Well closed containerA tightly closed container protects the contents from contamination by extraneous liquid & solids or vapor, from loss or deterioration of the aicle from effervescence, deliquescent or evaporation under normal condition of handling, shipment, storage & distribution.subject_name: Social & Preventive Medicinetopic_name: None

yes

3f414e9c-fdea-4bc4-9d1c-4c270fb37639

Mention the true/false statements about digoxin toxicity?

The earliest manifestation of digoxin toxicity are gastrointestinal symptoms

Non-specific vision changes may be noted in digoxin toxicity

Early toxicity may not correlate with serum levels and Neurological symptoms may occur without corresponding cardiovascular changes

All

multi

Ans. All are true about digoxin toxicity.DIGOXIN TOXICITY:Features:Generally unwell & lethargy.Nausea & vomiting.Confusion.Yellow-green vision.Arrhythmias (e.g. AV block, bradycardia)Dizziness.Precipitating factors:Renal disease HypokalaemiaHypomagnesemia HypoalbuminemiaHypothermiaHypothyroidismHypercalcemia.HypernatremiaAcidosis.Myocardial ischemia.Paial AV block.Drugs:Amiodarone.Quinidine.Verapamil.Spironolactone.Furosemide.Hydrochlorothiazide - Compete with DCT secretion, hence reducing excretion.ManagementDigibind.Correct ventricular arrhythmia by lignocaine.Bradyarrhythmias by propanolol.Atrial tachyarrhythmias by atropine.Phenytoin.Monitor K+

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 3f414e9c-fdea-4bc4-9d1c-4c270fb37639question: Mention the true/false statements about digoxin toxicity?opa: The earliest manifestation of digoxin toxicity are gastrointestinal symptomsopb: Non-specific vision changes may be noted in digoxin toxicityopc: Early toxicity may not correlate with serum levels and Neurological symptoms may occur without corresponding cardiovascular changesopd: Allcop: 3choice_type: multiexp: Ans. All are true about digoxin toxicity.DIGOXIN TOXICITY:Features:Generally unwell & lethargy.Nausea & vomiting.Confusion.Yellow-green vision.Arrhythmias (e.g. AV block, bradycardia)Dizziness.Precipitating factors:Renal disease HypokalaemiaHypomagnesemia HypoalbuminemiaHypothermiaHypothyroidismHypercalcemia.HypernatremiaAcidosis.Myocardial ischemia.Paial AV block.Drugs:Amiodarone.Quinidine.Verapamil.Spironolactone.Furosemide.Hydrochlorothiazide - Compete with DCT secretion, hence reducing excretion.ManagementDigibind.Correct ventricular arrhythmia by lignocaine.Bradyarrhythmias by propanolol.Atrial tachyarrhythmias by atropine.Phenytoin.Monitor K+subject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

c8c58b43-3a44-4e38-a6b3-245af1dcf2ab

The process by which the amount of a drug in the body decreases after administration, but before entering the systemic circulation is called:

Excretion

First pass effect

First order elimination

Metabolism

multi

Reduction in the amount of drug before it enters the systemic circulation is called first pass metabolism (also known as first pass effect) whereas, if the amount of drug decreases after entry into the systemic circulation, it is called elimination. Latter includes excretion and metabolism.

Pharmacology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: c8c58b43-3a44-4e38-a6b3-245af1dcf2abquestion: The process by which the amount of a drug in the body decreases after administration, but before entering the systemic circulation is called:opa: Excretionopb: First pass effectopc: First order eliminationopd: Metabolismcop: 1choice_type: multiexp: Reduction in the amount of drug before it enters the systemic circulation is called first pass metabolism (also known as first pass effect) whereas, if the amount of drug decreases after entry into the systemic circulation, it is called elimination. Latter includes excretion and metabolism.subject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: None

yes

bf8d5b76-bda5-4221-95ef-d536c00c24ee

A 6–month–old infant presents to the 'diarrhoea clinic' unit with some dehydration. The most likely organism causing diarrhea is –

Entamoeba histolytica

Rotavirus

Giardia lamblia

Shigella

single

Ghai states - "In India Rotavirus and enterotoxogenic E.coli account for nearly half of the total diarrhoea) episodes among children".

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: bf8d5b76-bda5-4221-95ef-d536c00c24eequestion: A 6–month–old infant presents to the 'diarrhoea clinic' unit with some dehydration. The most likely organism causing diarrhea is –opa: Entamoeba histolyticaopb: Rotavirusopc: Giardia lambliaopd: Shigellacop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Ghai states - "In India Rotavirus and enterotoxogenic E.coli account for nearly half of the total diarrhoea) episodes among children".subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

24def2ac-27df-4d80-9792-fc5708a94153

ABC and VED analysis at PHC are done for:

Drug inventory

Staff management

Vaccination coverage

National Programs implementation.

single

Ans: A. Drug inventoryABC and VED analysis at PHC are done for drug inventory.Inventory control is a scientific system which indicates as to what to order, when to order, and how much to order, and how much to stock so that purchasing costs and storing costs are kept as low as possible.It helps to protect against the fluctuation in supply and demand, unceainty and minimise waiting time.There are various methods involved for inventory control but two are commonly used: Always, better and control (ABC) and vital, essential and desirable (VED).

Social & Preventive Medicine

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 24def2ac-27df-4d80-9792-fc5708a94153question: ABC and VED analysis at PHC are done for:opa: Drug inventoryopb: Staff managementopc: Vaccination coverageopd: National Programs implementation.cop: 0choice_type: singleexp: Ans: A. Drug inventoryABC and VED analysis at PHC are done for drug inventory.Inventory control is a scientific system which indicates as to what to order, when to order, and how much to order, and how much to stock so that purchasing costs and storing costs are kept as low as possible.It helps to protect against the fluctuation in supply and demand, unceainty and minimise waiting time.There are various methods involved for inventory control but two are commonly used: Always, better and control (ABC) and vital, essential and desirable (VED).subject_name: Social & Preventive Medicinetopic_name: None

yes

e2784a8a-04af-4ced-8bf8-e6c496245df2

A female in labor ward was administered opioid analgesic. Which of the following drugs should be kept ready for emergency?

Lignocaine

Naloxone

Diphenhydramine

Fentanyl

single

Naloxone is an opioid anatagonist given intravenously. It blocks mu, kappa and delta receptors. It is the DOC for opioid toxicity. Lignocaine is a local anaesthetic. Diphenhydramine is a first generation antihistaminic. Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid.

Pharmacology

AIIMS 2017

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: e2784a8a-04af-4ced-8bf8-e6c496245df2question: A female in labor ward was administered opioid analgesic. Which of the following drugs should be kept ready for emergency?opa: Lignocaineopb: Naloxoneopc: Diphenhydramineopd: Fentanylcop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Naloxone is an opioid anatagonist given intravenously. It blocks mu, kappa and delta receptors. It is the DOC for opioid toxicity. Lignocaine is a local anaesthetic. Diphenhydramine is a first generation antihistaminic. Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid.subject_name: Pharmacologytopic_name: AIIMS 2017

yes

af75fc76-911b-48da-9ca0-75a8c912c18b

SPIKES protocol is used for:

Triage

Communication with patients/attendants regarding bad news

Writing death ceificate

RCT

single

It's a protocol for breaking the bad news to patients about their illness Involved six steps S-setting up to the interview P- perception (what patient knows about his condition) I- invitation (finding out how much patient want to know) K- knowledge and information (diagnosis and treatment) E -addressing patients' emotion (how patient feel and respond) S- strategy and summary

Psychiatry

AIIMS 2018

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: af75fc76-911b-48da-9ca0-75a8c912c18bquestion: SPIKES protocol is used for:opa: Triageopb: Communication with patients/attendants regarding bad newsopc: Writing death ceificateopd: RCTcop: 1choice_type: singleexp: It's a protocol for breaking the bad news to patients about their illness Involved six steps S-setting up to the interview P- perception (what patient knows about his condition) I- invitation (finding out how much patient want to know) K- knowledge and information (diagnosis and treatment) E -addressing patients' emotion (how patient feel and respond) S- strategy and summarysubject_name: Psychiatrytopic_name: AIIMS 2018

yes

dc020962-d8a1-4790-b268-c6dadb000137

A term neonate with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia of 18 mg/dl on 20th day. All are common causes except –

Breast rnilk jaundice

Congenital cholangiopathy

G 6PD deficiency

Hypothyroidism

multi

This child has unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, while congenital cholangiopathy causes conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. reastfeeding jaundice and Breastmilk jaundice There is strong association between exclusive breastfeeding and neonatal jaundice. A few babies who remain on exclusive breast feed develop jaundice in the second week of life and continue well into the third month. This is called breastmilk jaundice. A bilirubin level of over 20 mg/dl may be attained. (It is presumed to be due to inhibitory substances in the breastmilk that interfere with bilirubin conjugation e.g. pregananediol and free fatty acids). Temporary interruption of breastmilk feeds will dramatically reduce the serum levels of bilirubin and there may be slight increase in bilirubin when breast feeding is resumed, but it never reaches the previous levels. Hypothyroidism   Persistent elevation of indirect bilirubin is the first sign of congenital hypothyroidism in neonates. This is due to decreased activity of UDPGT for weeks or months after birth. At least 10% of all infants with congenital hypothyroidism will have jaundice as the presenting symptom. Treatment with thyroxine promptly alleviates jaundice. G-6PD deficiency There is hemolytic anemia that results in increased production of unconjugated bilirubin.

Pediatrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: dc020962-d8a1-4790-b268-c6dadb000137question: A term neonate with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia of 18 mg/dl on 20th day. All are common causes except –opa: Breast rnilk jaundiceopb: Congenital cholangiopathyopc: G 6PD deficiencyopd: Hypothyroidismcop: 1choice_type: multiexp: This child has unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, while congenital cholangiopathy causes conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. reastfeeding jaundice and Breastmilk jaundice There is strong association between exclusive breastfeeding and neonatal jaundice. A few babies who remain on exclusive breast feed develop jaundice in the second week of life and continue well into the third month. This is called breastmilk jaundice. A bilirubin level of over 20 mg/dl may be attained. (It is presumed to be due to inhibitory substances in the breastmilk that interfere with bilirubin conjugation e.g. pregananediol and free fatty acids). Temporary interruption of breastmilk feeds will dramatically reduce the serum levels of bilirubin and there may be slight increase in bilirubin when breast feeding is resumed, but it never reaches the previous levels. Hypothyroidism   Persistent elevation of indirect bilirubin is the first sign of congenital hypothyroidism in neonates. This is due to decreased activity of UDPGT for weeks or months after birth. At least 10% of all infants with congenital hypothyroidism will have jaundice as the presenting symptom. Treatment with thyroxine promptly alleviates jaundice. G-6PD deficiency There is hemolytic anemia that results in increased production of unconjugated bilirubin.subject_name: Pediatricstopic_name: None

yes

cc760ada-b0cd-4eb9-9273-2e25c1852a54

Which is the most preferred route for drug administration in the management of chronic pain

Intrathecal

Oral

Subdermal

Intravenous

single

Pathology

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: cc760ada-b0cd-4eb9-9273-2e25c1852a54question: Which is the most preferred route for drug administration in the management of chronic painopa: Intrathecalopb: Oralopc: Subdermalopd: Intravenouscop: 1choice_type: singleexp: Nonesubject_name: Pathologytopic_name: None

yes

4ae28007-4e30-4358-b6ad-a13c7a4d8015

A patient with suspected cardiac tamponade presents to the AIIMS emergency. You are asked to monitor BP of this patient. All the following precautions should be taken except:

Patient should be asked to take deep breaths

The cuff pressure should be increased to 20 mm over systolic pressure

The cuff should be slowly deflated until the first Korotkoff sound is heard only during expiration

Pulses paradoxus may not be present

multi

Ans: C. The cuff should be slowly deflated until the first Korotkoff sound is heard only during expiration(Ref: Harrison 19/e p1621, 1446 18/e p1825; Ganong 25/e p517)The cuff is slowly deflated and the paradoxical pulse is recorded from the point when first Korotkoff sound is heard only during expiration to when it is heard in both expiration and inspiration.Pulsus paradoxus:Quantified using a blood pressure cuff and stethoscope (Korotkoff sounds), by measuring the variation of the systolic pressure during expiration and inspiration.Inflate cuff until no sounds (as is normally done when taking a BP) slowly decrease cuff pressure until systolic sounds are first heard during expiration but not during inspiration, (note this reading), slowly continue decreasing the cuff pressure until sounds are heard throughout the respiratory cycle, (inspiration and expiration) (note this second reading).If the pressure difference between the two readings is >10mm Hg, it can be classified as pulsus paradoxus.

Medicine

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 4ae28007-4e30-4358-b6ad-a13c7a4d8015question: A patient with suspected cardiac tamponade presents to the AIIMS emergency. You are asked to monitor BP of this patient. All the following precautions should be taken except:opa: Patient should be asked to take deep breathsopb: The cuff pressure should be increased to 20 mm over systolic pressureopc: The cuff should be slowly deflated until the first Korotkoff sound is heard only during expirationopd: Pulses paradoxus may not be presentcop: 2choice_type: multiexp: Ans: C. The cuff should be slowly deflated until the first Korotkoff sound is heard only during expiration(Ref: Harrison 19/e p1621, 1446 18/e p1825; Ganong 25/e p517)The cuff is slowly deflated and the paradoxical pulse is recorded from the point when first Korotkoff sound is heard only during expiration to when it is heard in both expiration and inspiration.Pulsus paradoxus:Quantified using a blood pressure cuff and stethoscope (Korotkoff sounds), by measuring the variation of the systolic pressure during expiration and inspiration.Inflate cuff until no sounds (as is normally done when taking a BP) slowly decrease cuff pressure until systolic sounds are first heard during expiration but not during inspiration, (note this reading), slowly continue decreasing the cuff pressure until sounds are heard throughout the respiratory cycle, (inspiration and expiration) (note this second reading).If the pressure difference between the two readings is >10mm Hg, it can be classified as pulsus paradoxus.subject_name: Medicinetopic_name: None

yes

aa23e05a-7e73-494b-bc8d-6331b060a964

Which of the following is the least likely complication of pregnancy-induced hypeension?

Renal failure

Pre-eclampsia

HELLP syndrome

Fetal macrosomia

single

Ans. d. Fetal macrosomia (Ref- Dutta6/e , pg227)Fetal macrosomia is the least likely complication of pregnancy-induced hypeension among the options provided.

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: aa23e05a-7e73-494b-bc8d-6331b060a964question: Which of the following is the least likely complication of pregnancy-induced hypeension?opa: Renal failureopb: Pre-eclampsiaopc: HELLP syndromeopd: Fetal macrosomiacop: 3choice_type: singleexp: Ans. d. Fetal macrosomia (Ref- Dutta6/e , pg227)Fetal macrosomia is the least likely complication of pregnancy-induced hypeension among the options provided.subject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes

16bc295d-3db6-4565-a611-b677ced1de6b

Treatment of postpartum hemorrhage is all except:

Oxytocin

Syntometrine

Oestrogen

Prostaglandins

multi

Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Now is the following question-answer exclusively nursing-related?: id: 16bc295d-3db6-4565-a611-b677ced1de6bquestion: Treatment of postpartum hemorrhage is all except:opa: Oxytocinopb: Syntometrineopc: Oestrogenopd: Prostaglandinscop: 2choice_type: multiexp: Nonesubject_name: Gynaecology & Obstetricstopic_name: None

yes