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NeuLab @ LTI/CMU 65

Python, running command line tools in parallel

subprocess run command 'start command -flags arguments' through the shell

subprocess.call('start command -flags arguments', shell=True)

Python, running command line tools in parallel

run command 'command -flags arguments &' on command line tools as separate processes

subprocess.call('command -flags arguments &', shell=True)

Passing the '+' character in a POST request in Python

replace percent-encoded code in request `f` to their single-character equivalent

f = urllib.request.urlopen(url, urllib.parse.unquote(urllib.parse.urlencode(params)))

How do I remove whitespace from the end of a string in Python?

remove white spaces from the end of string " xyz "

""" xyz """.rstrip()

URL encoding in python

Replace special characters in utf-8 encoded string `s` using the %xx escape

urllib.parse.quote(s.encode('utf-8'))

URL encoding in python

urllib.parse.quote_plus('a b')

Convert string to numpy array

Create an array containing the conversion of string '100110' into separate elements

np.array(map(int, '100110'))

Convert string to numpy array

convert a string 'mystr' to numpy array of integer values

print(np.array(list(mystr), dtype=int))

How can I convert an RGB image into grayscale in Python?

convert an rgb image 'messi5.jpg' into grayscale `img`

img = cv2.imread('messi5.jpg', 0)

sorting a graph by its edge weight. python

sort list `lst` in descending order based on the second item of each tuple in it

lst.sort(key=lambda x: x[2], reverse=True)

How to find all occurrences of an element in a list?

indices = [i for i, x in enumerate(my_list) if x == 'whatever']

How can I execute shell command with a | pipe in it

execute shell command 'grep -r PASSED *.log | sort -u | wc -l' with a | pipe in it

subprocess.call('grep -r PASSED *.log | sort -u | wc -l', shell=True)

How to count the number of a specific character at the end of a string ignoring duplicates?

count the number of trailing question marks in string `my_text`

len(my_text) - len(my_text.rstrip('?'))

converting currency with $ to numbers in Python pandas

remove dollar sign '$' from second to last column data in dataframe 'df' and convert the data into floats

df[df.columns[1:]].replace('[\\$,]', '', regex=True).astype(float)

Conditionally fill a column of a pandas df with values of a different df

Merge column 'word' in dataframe `df2` with column 'word' on dataframe `df1`

df1.merge(df2, how='left', on='word')

Switch every pair of characters in a string

switch positions of each two adjacent characters in string `a`

print(''.join(''.join(i) for i in zip(a2, a1)) + a[-1] if len(a) % 2 else '')

How to make a window jump to the front?

make a window `root` jump to the front

root.attributes('-topmost', True)

How to make a window jump to the front?

make a window `root` jump to the front

root.lift()

Elegant way to convert list to hex string

Convert list of booleans `walls` into a hex string

hex(int(''.join([str(int(b)) for b in walls]), 2))

Elegant way to convert list to hex string

convert the sum of list `walls` into a hex presentation

hex(sum(b << i for i, b in enumerate(reversed(walls))))

Print multiple arguments in python

print the string `Total score for`, the value of the variable `name`, the string `is` and the value of the variable `score` in one print call.

print(('Total score for', name, 'is', score))

Print multiple arguments in python

print multiple arguments 'name' and 'score'.

print('Total score for {} is {}'.format(name, score))

Print multiple arguments in python

print a string using multiple strings `name` and `score`

print('Total score for %s is %s ' % (name, score))

Print multiple arguments in python

print string including multiple variables `name` and `score`

print(('Total score for', name, 'is', score))

Is it possible to serve a static html page at the root of a django project?

serve a static html page 'your_template.html' at the root of a django project

url('^$', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='your_template.html'))

use a list of values to select rows from a pandas dataframe

use a list of values `[3,6]` to select rows from a pandas dataframe `df`'s column 'A'

df[df['A'].isin([3, 6])]

How to get the concrete class name as a string?

instance.__class__.__name__

How can I execute Python code in a virtualenv from Matlab

execute python code `myscript.py` in a virtualenv `/path/to/my/venv` from matlab

system('/path/to/my/venv/bin/python myscript.py')

django models selecting single field

django return a QuerySet list containing the values of field 'eng_name' in model `Employees`

Employees.objects.values_list('eng_name', flat=True)

Python regex findall alternation behavior

find all digits in string '6,7)' and put them to a list

re.findall('\\d|\\d,\\d\\)', '6,7)')

How do I make python to wait for a pressed key

prompt string 'Press Enter to continue...' to the console

input('Press Enter to continue...')

Print string as hex literal python

print string "ABC" as hex literal

"""
ABC""".encode('hex')

python + pymongo: how to insert a new field on an existing document in mongo from a for loop

insert a new field 'geolocCountry' on an existing document 'b' using pymongo

db.Doc.update({'_id': b['_id']}, {'$set': {'geolocCountry': myGeolocCountry}})

Regex to match 'lol' to 'lolllll' and 'omg' to 'omggg', etc

Write a regex statement to match 'lol' to 'lolllll'.

re.sub('l+', 'l', 'lollll')

Getting the nth element using BeautifulSoup

BeautifulSoup find all 'tr' elements in HTML string `soup` at the five stride starting from the fourth element

rows = soup.findAll('tr')[4::5]

Reverse Y-Axis in PyPlot

reverse all x-axis points in pyplot

plt.gca().invert_xaxis()

Reverse Y-Axis in PyPlot

reverse y-axis in pyplot

plt.gca().invert_yaxis()

How do I stack two DataFrames next to each other in Pandas?

stack two dataframes next to each other in pandas

pd.concat([GOOG, AAPL], keys=['GOOG', 'AAPL'], axis=1)

Creating a JSON response using Django and Python

create a json response `response_data`

return HttpResponse(json.dumps(response_data), content_type='application/json')

Process escape sequences in a string

decode escape sequences in string `myString`

myString.decode('string_escape')

How do I calculate the md5 checksum of a file in Python?

calculate the md5 checksum of a file named 'filename.exe'

hashlib.md5(open('filename.exe', 'rb').read()).hexdigest()

Finding key from value in Python dictionary:

Find all keys from a dictionary `d` whose values are `desired_value`

[k for k, v in d.items() if v == desired_value]

Extract all keys from a list of dictionaries

create a set containing all keys' names from dictionary `LoD`

{k for d in LoD for k in list(d.keys())}

Extract all keys from a list of dictionaries

create a set containing all keys names from list of dictionaries `LoD`

set([i for s in [list(d.keys()) for d in LoD] for i in s])

Extract all keys from a list of dictionaries

extract all keys from a list of dictionaries `LoD`

[i for s in [list(d.keys()) for d in LoD] for i in s]

Is there a more elegant way for unpacking keys and values of a dictionary into two lists, without losing consistence?

unpack keys and values of a dictionary `d` into two lists

keys, values = zip(*list(d.items()))

Convert a string to integer with decimal in Python

convert a string `s` containing a decimal to an integer

int(Decimal(s))

Convert a string to integer with decimal in Python

int(s.split('.')[0])

Numpy: How to check if array contains certain numbers?

check if array `b` contains all elements of array `a`

numpy.in1d(b, a).all()

Numpy: How to check if array contains certain numbers?

numpy: check if array 'a' contains all the numbers in array 'b'.

numpy.array([(x in a) for x in b])

Node labels using networkx

Draw node labels `labels` on networkx graph `G ` at position `pos`

networkx.draw_networkx_labels(G, pos, labels)

How to make a copy of a 2D array in Python?

make a row-by-row copy `y` of array `x`

y = [row[:] for row in x]

Pythonic way to populate numpy array

Create 2D numpy array from the data provided in 'somefile.csv' with each row in the file having same number of values

X = numpy.loadtxt('somefile.csv', delimiter=',')

Check if a Python list item contains a string inside another string

get a list of items from the list `some_list` that contain string 'abc'

matching = [s for s in some_list if 'abc' in s]

How to write/read a Pandas DataFrame with MultiIndex from/to an ASCII file?

export a pandas data frame `df` to a file `mydf.tsv` and retain the indices

df.to_csv('mydf.tsv', sep='\t')

How do I create a LIST of unique random numbers?

random.sample(list(range(100)), 10)

Splitting on last delimiter in Python string?

split a string `s` on last delimiter

s.rsplit(',', 1)

Python check if all elements of a list are the same type

Check if all elements in list `lst` are tupples of long and int

all(isinstance(x, int) for x in lst)

Python check if all elements of a list are the same type

check if all elements in a list 'lst' are the same type 'int'

all(isinstance(x, int) for x in lst)

Python . How to get rid of '\r' in string?

strip a string `line` of all carriage returns and newlines

line.strip()

How can I scroll a web page using selenium webdriver in python?

scroll to the bottom of a web page using selenium webdriver

driver.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0, Y)')

How can I scroll a web page using selenium webdriver in python?

scroll a to the bottom of a web page using selenium webdriver

driver.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight);')

How do I convert a datetime.date object into datetime.datetime in python?

convert Date object `dateobject` into a DateTime object

datetime.datetime.combine(dateobject, datetime.time())

How to check if one of the following items is in a list?

check if any item from list `b` is in list `a`

print(any(x in a for x in b))

Saving a Numpy array as an image

save a numpy array `image_array` as an image 'outfile.jpg'

scipy.misc.imsave('outfile.jpg', image_array)

Regex for removing data in parenthesis

Remove anything in parenthesis from string `item` with a regex

item = re.sub(' ?\\([^)]+\\)', '', item)

Regex for removing data in parenthesis

Remove word characters in parenthesis from string `item` with a regex

item = re.sub(' ?\\(\\w+\\)', '', item)

Regex for removing data in parenthesis

Remove all data inside parenthesis in string `item`

item = re.sub(' \\(\\w+\\)', '', item)

Checking if any elements in one list are in another

check if any elements in one list `list1` are in another list `list2`

len(set(list1).intersection(list2)) > 0

convert hex to decimal

convert hex string `s` to decimal

i = int(s, 16)

convert hex to decimal

convert hex string "0xff" to decimal

int('0xff', 16)

convert hex to decimal

convert hex string "FFFF" to decimal

int('FFFF', 16)

convert hex to decimal

convert hex string '0xdeadbeef' to decimal

ast.literal_eval('0xdeadbeef')

convert hex to decimal

convert hex string 'deadbeef' to decimal

int('deadbeef', 16)

Take screenshot in Python on Mac OS X

take screenshot 'screen.png' on mac os x

os.system('screencapture screen.png')

How to set window size using phantomjs and selenium webdriver in python

Set a window size to `1400, 1000` using selenium webdriver

driver.set_window_size(1400, 1000)

Replace non-ascii chars from a unicode string in Python

replace non-ascii chars from a unicode string u'm\xfasica'

unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', 'm\xfasica').encode('ascii', 'ignore')

Pandas/Python: How to concatenate two dataframes without duplicates?

concatenate dataframe `df1` with `df2` whilst removing duplicates

pandas.concat([df1, df2]).drop_duplicates().reset_index(drop=True)

numpy: efficiently reading a large array

Construct an array with data type float32 `a` from data in binary file 'filename'

a = numpy.fromfile('filename', dtype=numpy.float32)

How to use the mv command in Python with subprocess

execute a mv command `mv /home/somedir/subdir/* somedir/` in subprocess

subprocess.call('mv /home/somedir/subdir/* somedir/', shell=True)

How to use the mv command in Python with subprocess

subprocess.call('mv /home/somedir/subdir/* somedir/', shell=True)

How to use Unicode characters in a python string

print a character that has unicode value `\u25b2`

print('\u25b2'.encode('utf-8'))

Comparing two .txt files using difflib in Python

compare contents at filehandles `file1` and `file2` using difflib

difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, file1.read(), file2.read())

Creating a dictionary from a string

Create a dictionary from string `e` separated by `-` and `,`

dict((k, int(v)) for k, v in (e.split(' - ') for e in s.split(',')))

How to check if all elements in a tuple or list are in another?

check if all elements in a tuple `(1, 6)` are in another `(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)`

all(i in (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) for i in (1, 6))

python pandas extract unique dates from time series

extract unique dates from time series 'Date' in dataframe `df`

df['Date'].map(lambda t: t.date()).unique()

Formatting text to be justified in Python 3.3 with .format() method

right align string `mystring` with a width of 7

"""{:>7s}""".format(mystring)

How do I read an Excel file into Python using xlrd? Can it read newer Office formats?

read an excel file 'ComponentReport-DJI.xls'

open('ComponentReport-DJI.xls', 'rb').read(200)

How to sort a dataFrame in python pandas by two or more columns?

sort dataframe `df` based on column 'b' in ascending and column 'c' in descending

df.sort_values(['b', 'c'], ascending=[True, False], inplace=True)

How to sort a dataFrame in python pandas by two or more columns?

sort dataframe `df` based on column 'a' in ascending and column 'b' in descending

df.sort_values(['a', 'b'], ascending=[True, False])

How to sort a dataFrame in python pandas by two or more columns?

sort a pandas data frame with column `a` in ascending and `b` in descending order

df1.sort(['a', 'b'], ascending=[True, False], inplace=True)

How to sort a dataFrame in python pandas by two or more columns?

sort a pandas data frame by column `a` in ascending, and by column `b` in descending order

df.sort(['a', 'b'], ascending=[True, False])

Django redirect to root from a view

django redirect to view 'Home.views.index'

redirect('Home.views.index')

Remove all values within one list from another list in python

remove all values within one list `[2, 3, 7]` from another list `a`

[x for x in a if x not in [2, 3, 7]]

How to remove all the punctuation in a string? (Python)

remove the punctuation '!', '.', ':' from a string `asking`

out = ''.join(c for c in asking if c not in ('!', '.', ':'))

Python: BeautifulSoup - get an attribute value based on the name attribute

BeautifulSoup get value associated with attribute 'content' where attribute 'name' is equal to 'City' in tag 'meta' in HTML parsed string `soup`

soup.find('meta', {'name': 'City'})['content']

How to unquote a urlencoded unicode string in python?

unquote a urlencoded unicode string '%0a'

urllib.parse.unquote('%0a')

How to unquote a urlencoded unicode string in python?

decode url `url` from UTF-16 code to UTF-8 code

urllib.parse.unquote(url).decode('utf8')

empty a list

empty a list `lst`

del lst[:]

empty a list

empty a list `lst`

del lst1[:]