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Shah Maleki (, also Romanized as Shāh Malekī, Shāh Molkī, and Shāh Malakī; also known as Chāh Malakī and Shāh Mālīkī) is a village in Dorudfaraman Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 483, in 101 families. |
= = = Seh Chek = = = |
Seh Chek () is a village in Dorudfaraman Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 321, in 74 families. |
= = = Faraman Industrial Estate = = = |
Faraman Industrial Estate ( – "Shahrak-e Şanʿatī Farāmān") is a village and company town in Dorudfaraman Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 94, in 27 families. |
= = = Siah Bid-e Olya = = = |
Siah Bid-e Olya (, also Romanized as Sīāh Bīd-e ‘Olyā; also known as Sīāh Bīd-e Bālā) is a village in Dorudfaraman Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 760, in 192 families. |
= = = Siah Bid-e Sofla = = = |
Siah Bid-e Sofla (, also Romanized as Sīāh Bīd-e Soflá; also known as Sīāh Bīd-e Pā’īn) is a village in Dorudfaraman Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 911, in 206 families. |
= = = Siah Bid = = = |
Siah Bid () may refer to: |
= = = Julio César Gámez Interiano = = = |
Julio César Gámez Interiano (born 8 December 1955) is a Honduran politician. He currently serves as deputy of the National Congress of Honduras representing the National Party of Honduras for Copán. |
= = = Agriculture Reform, Food, and Jobs Act of 2013 = = = |
The Agriculture Reform, Food, and Jobs Act of 2013 (), also commonly referred to as "the farm bill," is one of two United States "farm bills" that were introduced in the 113th United States Congress. The Agriculture Reform, Food, and Jobs Act of 2013 is the bill that was introduced into the United States Senate. A second bill, the Federal Agriculture Reform and Risk Management Act of 2013 () was introduced into the United States House of Representatives. The two bills cover similar topics and programs, but have significantly different provisions. The Agriculture Reform, Food, and Jobs Act of 2013 passed the Senate on June 10, 2013 and has received the support of the President. |
However, the Senate bill failed to pass in the House, so the two chambers organized a conference committee. The result is the Agriculture Act of 2014 (H.R. 2642; 113th Congress), which passed the House on January 29, 2014. The Agriculture Act of 2014 includes provisions from both the House and the Senate bills. |
One of the major provisions of the Agriculture Reform, Food, and Jobs Act of 2013 is a $4 billion cut to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, a controversial provision, with some Democrats arguing that the cuts were too large, while some Republicans arguing that the cuts did not do enough to cut the deficit. |
A "farm bill" is one of the primary tools of the United States federal government to set policy related to agriculture in the United States. Farm bills are passed roughly every five years. The farm bills typically cover laws and policies related to supplemental nutrition, land payments, crop insurance, environmental practices, some international trade, and research. |
A similar bill to the proposed Agriculture Reform, Food, and Jobs Act of 2013 was also passed by the Senate in the 112th United States Congress, but never received much attention in the House and failed to become law. The current "farm bill" expires on September 30, 2013. |
The Agriculture Reform, Food, and Jobs Act of 2013 would cut spending $24 billion over 10 years. Overall, however, it would still cost nearly $955 billion over 10 years. |
The Agriculture Reform, Food, and Jobs Act of 2013 would reduce spending on food stamps by $4 billion over 10 years. |
"This summary is based largely on the report on S. 954, as it was reported by the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry on May 14, 2013, written by the Congressional Budget Office, a public domain source." |
The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that direct spending stemming from the program authorization in S. 954 would total $955 billion over the 2014-2023 period. That 10-year total reflects the bill’s authorization of expiring programs through 2018 and an extension of those authorizations through 2023, consistent with the rules governing baseline projections that are specified in the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985. |
Relative to spending projected under CBO’s May 2013 baseline, the CBO estimates that enacting the bill would reduce direct spending by $17.8 billion over the 2014-2023 period. "The estimated budgetary effects of S. 954 are summarized in Table 1." CBO estimates that section 10012 of the bill would increase revenues by $54 million over the 2014-2023 period. "Further details of the changes in direct spending and revenues are displayed in Table 2." |
Assuming appropriation of the specified and necessary amounts, the CBO also estimates that implementing the bill would cost $30.1 billion over the 2014-2018 period and $39.9 billion over the 2014-2023 period. "Further details of that estimate are displayed in Table 3." |
The Agriculture Reform, Food, and Jobs Act of 2013 contains no intergovernmental mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA). In general, state, local, and tribal governments would benefit from the continuation of existing agricultural assistance and the creation of new grant programs. |
The Agriculture Reform, Food, and Jobs Act of 2013 would impose private-sector mandates, as defined in UMRA, by expanding reporting requirements on manufacturers of dairy products and establishing regulations for dairy handlers that purchase milk from dairy producers participating in the Dairy Market Stabilization Program. Additionally, the bill would prohibit individuals from attending animal fighting ventures in states and U.S. territories that permit such ventures. Because the compliance cost for dairy handlers would depend on future regulations, the CBO has no basis to determine whether the aggregate cost of the mandates in the bill would exceed the annual threshold established in UMRA for private-sector mandates ($150 million in 2013, adjusted annually for inflation). |
The Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 establishes budget-reporting and enforcement procedures for legislation affecting direct spending or revenues. Enacting S. 954 would affect direct spending and revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures apply. "The net change in outlays and revenues that are subject to those pay-as-you-go procedures are shown in Table 4." |
The Agriculture Reform, Food, and Jobs Act of 2013 was introduced into the Senate on May 14, 2013 by Sen. Debbie Stabenow (D-MI). The bill was considered on the Senate floor on May 21–23, and June 3–4, June 6, and June 10, 2013. On June 10, 2013, the bill passed in the Senate in Recorded Vote 145: 66-27. Only two Democrats voted against their party: Senator Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI) and Senator Jack Reed (D-RI). Eighteen Republicans voted in favor of the bill. |
As of June 24, 2013, the United States House of Representatives had not considered the Agriculture Reform, Food, and Jobs Act of 2013 or added it to a calendar. On June 20, 2013, Senator Michael Bennet (D-CO) urged the House to take up consideration of the bill, speaking from the Senate floor. The Senator argued that because the Senate bill had received the support of many Republicans and cut spending, the House should have no objections to passing it as well. The bill was not put on the Majority Leader's calendar for the week of June 24. |
On May 20, 2013, the President of the United States Barack Obama released a statement that the Administration "supports" passage of S. 954 and "looks forward to working with the Congress to address the important concerns |
described below prior to final passage." The announcement listed several reasons that the President supported the bill: elimination of the direct payments system; consolidation and streamlining of conservation assistance; and the inclusion of funding for bioenergy programs. The statement criticized the bill for not adopting all of the Administration's previous proposals for achieving crop insurance and commodity program savings and objected to any cuts at all to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). |
Senator Debbie Stabenow argued in favor of the bill because it both reduced the deficit and supported "16 million people who depend on agriculture for their jobs". |
The bill was opposed by groups focusing on hunger due to its reduction in spending on food stamps. It was also criticized by groups such as the Heritage Foundation for including a system of crop insurance that were less about helping farmers in the event of a true disaster and more of an income support system. |
Senator John McCain (R-AZ) criticized the bill for containing a catfish inspection program that he believes duplicates one that is already conducted by the Food and Drug Administration. |
= = = Soleymaniyeh, Kermanshah = = = |
Soleymaniyeh (, also Romanized as Soleymānīyeh) is a village in Dorudfaraman Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 921, in 268 families. |
= = = Sararud-e Olya = = = |
Sararud-e Olya (, also Romanized as Sarārūd-e ‘Olyā, Sarā Rūd-e ‘Olyā, and Serā Rūd-e ‘Olyā; also known as Sarādūd-e Bālā, Sarārū, and Sarārūd-e Bālā) is a village in Dorudfaraman Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 54, in 12 families. |
= = = Sararud-e Sofla = = = |
Sararud-e Sofla (, also Romanized as Sarārūd-e Soflá; also known as Sarārū, Sarārūd, Sarārūd-e Pā‘īn, and Sararūd-e Pā’īn) is a village in Dorudfaraman Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 505, in 129 families. |
= = = Stenoterommata palmar = = = |
Stenoterommata palmar is a mygalomorph spider of Argentina, named after its type locality: Parque Nacional El Palmar, Entre Rios. Females differ from other three-clawed "Stenoterommata" in the spermathecae having one triangular dome with a single receptaculum arising from its base; males are most similar to those of "S. tenuistyla", but lack short ventral spines on the metatarsus I (typical of that species), and have a long, curved spine on the apical third of their ventral tibia I. Its burrowing behaviour is similar to that of "S. tenuistyla". |
Eastern Entre Rios and Corrientes Province; southern Brazil. |
= = = German Youth Hostel Association = = = |
The German Youth Hostel Association () or DJH is a not-for-profit, registered association ("eingetragener Verein"). It was founded in 1909 to create an organized network of affordable and safe accommodation away from home for travelling school and youth groups and individuals all over the country. Today, the hundreds of member hostels in the association still cater to school and youth groups but most are also open to anyone else looking for an alternative to hotels - families, backpackers, business travellers, etc. Through the state ("Bundesland") associations it is the representative of the 536 youth hostels in Germany (as at 2013) and thus the largest member of the international youth association, Hostelling International (HI). The headquarters has its seat in Detmold and is divided into 14 state associations and 218 local and county volunteer associations. It has more than 2 million members. |
Membership of the German Youth Hostel Association is a prerequisite for an overnight stay in a hostel in Germany. Abroad, DJH members can stay in hostels that are associated with Hostelling International and may be entitled to discounts there. DJH membership is obtained through the state association responsible for each residence. In addition, organizations such as clubs or schools may apply for corporate membership. |
The DJH was merged into the Hitler Youth in 1933 until the end of the Second World War. In 1949 it was re-founded at Altena Castle in North Rhine-Westphalia. |
The German Youth Hostel Association is a member of the European Movement Germany. |
= = = Mitsubishi MCA = = = |
Mitsubishi MCA stands for Mitsubishi Clean Air, a moniker used in Japan to identify vehicles built with emission control technology. The term was first introduced in Japan, with later introductions internationally. The technology first appeared in January 1973 on the Mitsubishi 4G32A gasoline-powered inline four cylinder engine installed in all Mitsubishi vehicles using the 4G32 engine, and the Saturn-6 6G34 six-cylinder gasoline-powered engine installed in the Mitsubishi Debonair. The technology was installed so that their vehicles would be in compliance with Japanese Government emission regulations passed in 1968. |
Emission reducing technology began with the installation of a positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) valve (MCA-I), followed by the addition of a thermo reactor air pump and catalytic converter in addition to an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve (MCA-II) and a solenoid controlled automatic choke installed on the carburetor. |
The MCA-Jet system has a small third valve separate from the intake and exhaust valves. Separate passages in the intake manifold feed each MCA-Jet valve. Since these passages are smaller than the main intake manifold passages, the air/fuel mixture must move faster. When the faster moving air/fuel mixture from the MCA-Jet valve hits the slower moving air/fuel mixture from the intake valve, a strong air swirling effect occurs that promotes more complete combustion. With MCA-Jet it was found that stable combustion could be obtained even with large amounts of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), NOx could be reduced, and combustion improved. Honda's CVCC Stratified charge engine approach also used a small third valve, but sent a richer air/fuel mixture to a small pre-combustion chamber near the spark plug, to help ignite a leaner air/fuel mixture in the main combustion chamber. MCA-Jet was a simpler system that sent the same air/fuel mixture to all intake and MCA-Jet valves. Each MCA-Jet valve is quite small and may be prone to carbon build-up, causing the MCA-Jet valve(s) to stick open. If a Mitsubishi-designed engine has low compression, the MCA-Jet valve(s) could be the cause. Each MCA-Jet valve and valve seat are a self-contained cylinder-shaped unit that screws into the cylinder head for easy replacement. Aftermarket MCA-Jet valves are available. With the advent of 4-valve-per-cylinder engines, manufacturers typically design the camshaft(s) to open one intake valve slightly before the other to create a swirling effect. This has made the MCA-Jet system obsolete. The MCA-Jet system was used in certain Mitsubishi-designed engines installed in both Mitsubishi-branded and Chrysler/Dodge/Plymouth-branded vehicles during the late 1970s to late 1980s. |
= = = Sarah Waukau = = = |
Sarah Waukau is a former member of the Wisconsin State Assembly. |
Waukau was born on April 3, 1947 in Antigo, Wisconsin. She would graduate from the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire. Waukau is a widow with two children. |
Waukau was elected to the Assembly in 1999 in a special election following the resignation of Thomas D. Ourada. She was a member of the Antigo City Council from 1990 to 1992 and again from 1995 to 1999. Waukau is a Democrat. |
= = = American Twilight = = = |
American Twilight is the fifth studio album by Crime & the City Solution, released on March 26, 2013 through Mute Records. The album was recorded after a 23-year hiatus that found the band relocating from Berlin to Detroit. |
= = = 2013 Central Michigan Chippewas football team = = = |
The 2013 Central Michigan Chippewas football team represented Central Michigan University in the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season. They were led by fourth-year head coach Dan Enos and played their home games at Kelly/Shorts Stadium. They were a member of the West Division of the Mid-American Conference. They finished the season 6–6, 5–3 in MAC play to finish in a tie for third place in the West Division. Despite being bowl eligible, they were not invited to a bowl game. |
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