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The study carried out a trade off analysis of power, thermal control and other parameters to provide a basis for the architectural design. The station would be constructed from six linked modules of 3.5 m diameter with a smaller cache module. The modules included a galley area, science and human factors laboratories, EVA preparation area and personal quarters. The station would have a ‘garden’ area to provide some fresh food and for psychological relief. The station would be supported by nuclear power and a hybrid physico-chemical and biological life support system. Provision for in-situ resource use (ISRU) from the Martian polar regions was studied, particular emphasis being placed on the availability of water from the polar ices. The station would support a separate small drilling encampment nearby and would be surrounded by radiative panels which would sublime the 2 m of carbon dioxide snow estimated to fall at Pole Station during the winter, allowing for year-round operations. |
Project Boreas considered the use of bioinspired robots to support Pole Station. ‘Arctic fox’, ‘Arctic hare’, ‘snow bunting’ (a flying robot) and ‘lemmings’ would support science and exploration objectives from Pole Station by enabling remotely controlled data collection at many spatial scales either from the rovers or from the station. The design study investigated communications for Pole Station and satellite requirements for sustaining base to field communications. The unique psycho-social issues associated with the long and permanently dark Martian polar winter were addressed. Medical requirements for long-term operation at the Martian polar ice caps were investigated in addition to the nutrition requirements, which were used to constrain the life support system design. |
The Project Boreas report was shortlisted for the 2007 Sir Arthur Clarke Award in the category of "Best Written Presentation". |
= = = Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 = = = |
Germany was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 by Corinna May with the song "I Can't Live Without Music", written by Ralph Siegel and Bernd Meinunger. Corinna May had also entered the German National Final in 1999 and 2000. She had previously won the 1999 German Final before being disqualified when it was discovered that her winning song had already been released by another band. She also came 2nd in the 2000 German Final. At Eurovision 2002 Corinna May placed 21st. |
Germany's representative was chosen during a national final called 'Countdown Grand Prix 2002'. It was held on 22 February at the Ostseehalle in Kiel, hosted by Axel Bulthaupt and it was broadcast live on television. The winner was chosen in two rounds of televoting - after the first round, the top 3 songs were voted on again. Corinna May won the German National Final and represented Germany in Tallinn with her English-language song "I Can't Live Without Music". |
= = = Achala Sachdev = = = |
Achala Sachdev (3 May 1920 – 30 April 2012) was an Indian film actress who appeared in classic films of Bollywood. She was from Peshawar who started her career as a child actor. She later became known for mother and grandmother roles in Hindi films. Her most memorable roles were as Balraj Sahni's wife in the 1965 film "Waqt" and Kajol's grandmother in "Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge" (1995). |
Achala Sachdev was born on 3 May 1920 in Peshawar. |
Achala worked for All India Radio, Lahore before the partition of India, and then at Delhi All India Radio. Achala made her film debut with "Fashionable Wife" (1938), and acted in over 130 Hindi films. She has acted in many Yash Raj Films, starting with Yash Chopra's first production "" (1973) and films such as "Chandni" (1989) and "Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge" (1995). Her other noted films were "Prem Pujari", "Mera Naam Joker", "Hare Rama Hare Krishna" and "Andaz", apart from acting in English films such as the Mark Robson's "Nine Hours to Rama" (1963) and Merchant Ivory's "The Householder" (1963). However, her most noted role remains as Balraj Sahani's wife in "Waqt" (1965), wherein the hit song "Ae Meri Zohra Jabeen" was picturised on her. |
Achala became a resident of Pune after marrying Clifford Douglas Peters, who had a factory in Pune's Bhosari industrial estate, named Morris Electronics, producing small electronics parts such as diodes. The factory was later sold to the Piramal Group. In an almost filmy turn, Sachdev was introduced to Peters by Yash Chopra on the sets of a film in Mumbai. Peter's first wife had died by then and Sachdev herself was a divorcee. They married. Peters, a mechanical engineer, had a factory in Bhosari and the couple lived in a bungalow in the same area for some time before shifting to Hadapsar. After Peters died, Achala lived alone. Five years before her death, she gave away her flat in Pune to the Janseva Foundation, a charitable organization, on the condition that they should take care of her as long as she lived. |
In September 2011, Achala slipped and fell in her kitchen. She sustained a fracture in her leg. After that, she was diagnosed with multiple embolisms in her brain. This resulted in total paralysis and the loss of her vision. She was survived by son Jyotin. |
= = = 1927 Coupe de France Final = = = |
The 1927 Coupe de France Final was a football match held at Stade Olympique, Colombes on May 6, 1927, that saw Olympique de Marseille defeat US Quevilly 3–0 thanks to goals by Raymond Durand, Maurice Galley and Jules Dewaquez. |
= = = Joplin, Missouri, metropolitan area = = = |
The Joplin, Missouri, metropolitan statistical area (MSA), as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of Jasper and Newton counties in southwest Missouri, anchored by the city of Joplin. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 175,518, though as of the 2013 estimates, the population is 207,488. |
The Joplin–Miami, Missouri–Oklahoma, combined statistical area (CSA) includes the Miami, Oklahoma, micropolitan statistical area, corresponding to Ottawa County in extreme northeast Oklahoma. |
Communities are categorized based on their populations. |
The Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan area is served by many different school districts such as the following: |
As of the census of 2010, there were 175,518 people, 64,286 households, and 44,270 families residing within the MSA. The racial makeup of the MSA was 93.5% White, 1.5% African American, 1.6% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 1.45% from other races, and 2.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.2% of the population. For ever 100 females there are 95.3 males. |
The median income for a household in the MSA was $37,158, and the median income for a family was $44,564. Males had a median income of $29,315 versus $20,883 for females. |
https://web.archive.org/web/20131013222920/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ |
= = = Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 = = = |
Denmark was represented by Malene Mortensen with the song "Tell Me Who You Are" in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 in Tallinn, Estonia. |
Denmark used the Dansk Melodi Grand Prix 2002 contest to select their entrant to the Eurovision Song Contest 2002. The final was held at the Cirkusbygningen in Copenhagen on 9 February 2002 and was hosted by Michael Carøe and Signe Svendsen. The winning song was chosen by 4 televoting regions, SMS voting and an expert jury in two rounds of voting — firstly to select the best 5 songs, and then to select the winner. The expert jury included composer of several Danish ESC entries Keld Heick, singer Gry Johansen (Denmark 1983) and singer Sanne Gottlieb (Dansk Melodi Grand Prix 2000 and 2001). The winner was Malene Mortensen with the song "Vis mig hvem du er" which was translated into English as "Tell Me Who You Are". |
Mortensen performed 14th on the night of the Eurovision Song Contest 2002, following Finland and preceding Bosnia and Herzegovina. Despite being one of the favourites to win, it only managed to receive 7 points coming last of 24 countries, forcing Denmark to skip the 2003 contest. |
= = = Mustang Aeronautics Midget Mustang = = = |
The Mustang Aeronautics Midget Mustang MM-1 is a single-seat aerobatic sports airplane developed and marketed in the United States for homebuilding. It is also known as the Long Midget. It was the predecessor to the Mustang II which is also known as the Bushby Mustang. Rights to both the Midget Mustang and the Mustang II were sold to Mustang Aeronautics in 1992. |
It is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction, primarily of 2024-T3 aluminum and most are fitted with fixed tailwheel undercarriage. Developed by Piper engineer David Long in 1948, plans for production by Schweizer were underway at the time of Long's death two years later. All rights and tooling were purchased by Robert Bushby in 1959, who built a 90 hp Continental powered example and sold plans and kits until 1992 when the rights were sold to Mustang Aeronautics. The Midget Mustang design being marketed in 2016 is similar to the original, with the option of building it with a bubble canopy in place of the straight line of the upper tailcone and hinged canopy of Long's original design, making it an M-IA. |
Construction requires about 1000 hours of builder time. |
The Midget Mustang was intended for air racing. David Long designed an aircraft for a friend to be used in the Cleveland Air Race in 1948. That aircraft was built by Long and was named "Pea Shooter". The Midget Mustang was only moderately successful as a race plane. However, its appearance and desirable flight characteristics made it an ideal sport plane. At the Cleveland Race, racers competed in aircraft with names like, "Mammy","Miss Fort Worth", and "Slo Poke". Over time, air racers modified the aircraft to reach 181 mph (291 km/h) speeds in competition. Nowadays, the Midget Mustang can cruise at 240 mph. |
= = = Estonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 = = = |
Estonia was represented by Sahlene with the song "Runaway" in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002. |
The final was held on 26 January 2002 at the Linnahall in Tallinn, hosted by Marko Reikop and Karmel Eikner. The winning song was chosen by an international panel of 8 judges which included Nicki French (UK 2000), Nusa Derenda (Slovenia 2001), Bo Halldorsson (Iceland 1995), Marlain (Cyprus 1999), Moshe Datz (Israel 1991) plus jurors from Sweden, Germany and Ireland. |
= = = Luis Yanes = = = |
Luis Alfredo Yanes Padilla (born 29 October 1982 in Santa Marta) is a retired Colombian football forward. |
Yanes was drafted by NorthEast United FC for the 2014 Indian Super League season in the Inaugural International Draft. |
In September 2019, Yanes was appointed assistant manager of Sergio Novoa at Atlético Bucaramanga. |
"Statistics accurate as of match played 16 August 2006" |
= = = Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 = = = |
Finland was present at the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 in Tallinn, Estonia, after being relegated from the 2001 contest. |
The final was held at the Kaleva Centre in Tampere on 26 January 2002, hosted by Maria Guzenina and Simo Frangén. Twelve songs performed, and the winner was selected over two rounds of voting. In the first round of voting, 6 regional juries awarded points to the 12 songs, with the top 6 songs being performed again, with the winner decided by televoting. The winner was Laura Voutilainen with the song "Addicted to You" |
At the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 in Tallinn, Voutilainen sang 13th, following Sweden and preceding Denmark. At the close of the voting it had received 24 points, placing 20th in a field of twenty four, and relegating Finland from the 2003 contest. |
= = = Golomb–Dickman constant = = = |
In mathematics, the Golomb–Dickman constant arises in the theory of random permutations and in number theory. Its value is |
It is not known whether this constant is rational or irrational. |
Let "a" be the average — taken over all permutations of a set of size "n" — of the length of the longest cycle in each permutation. Then the Golomb–Dickman constant is |
In the language of probability theory, formula_3 is asymptotically the expected length of the longest cycle in a uniformly distributed random permutation of a set of size "n". |
In number theory, the Golomb–Dickman constant appears in connection with the average size of the largest prime factor of an integer. More precisely, |
where formula_5 is the largest prime factor of "k". So if "k" is a "d" digit integer, then formula_6 is the asymptotic average number of digits of the largest prime factor of "k". |
The Golomb–Dickman constant appears in number theory in a different way. What is the |
probability that second largest prime factor of "n" is smaller than the square root of the largest prime factor of "n"? Asymptotically, this probability is formula_7. |
More precisely, |
where formula_9 is the second largest prime factor "n". |
The Golomb-Dickman constant also arises when we consider the average length of the largest cycle of any function from a finite set to itself. If "X" is a finite set, if we repeatedly apply a function "f": "X" → "X" to any element "x" of this set, it eventually enters a cycle, meaning that for some "k" we have formula_10 for sufficiently large "n"; the smallest "k" with this property is the length of the cycle. Let "b" be the average, taken over all functions from a set of size "n" to itself, of the length of the largest cycle. Then Purdom and Williams proved that |
There are several expressions for formula_7. These include: |
where formula_14 is the logarithmic integral, |
where formula_16 is the exponential integral, and |
and |
where formula_19 is the Dickman function. |
= = = Hùng Kings' Festival = = = |
The Hùng Kings' Temple Festival (Vietnamese: "Giỗ Tổ Hùng Vương" or "lễ hội đền Hùng") is a Vietnamese festival held annually from the 8th to the 11th day of the third lunar month in honour of the Hùng Vương or Hùng Kings. The main festival day, which is a public holiday in Vietnam since 2007, is on the 10th day. |
Although the official name is the Death Anniversary of the Hung Kings (), the festival does not mark any specific date of death for any Hung King. |
The purpose of this ceremony is to remember and pay tribute to the Hung Kings who are the traditional founders and first emperors of the nation. The festival began as a local holiday, but has become recognized as a national holiday starting in 2007. In 2016, the total number of visitors to the festival numbered seven million. |
The ceremony takes place over several days, but the 10th day of the month is considered the most important. |
A procession starts at the foot of the mountain, and stops at every small temple before reaching the High Temple. Here, pilgrims offer prayers and incense to their ancestors. |
= = = T. V. Rajeswar = = = |
T. V. Rajeswar (28 August 1926 in Salem, Tamil Nadu – 14 January 2018 in New Delhi) was an Indian Police Service officer, an Intelligence Bureau chief and a Governor of Sikkim, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh. He was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 2012. |
He died on 14 January 2018 |
He was Lt. Governor of Arunachal Pradesh from August 1983 to November 1985. From November 1985 to March 1989 he served as Governor of Sikkim. He was Governor of West Bengal from 20 March 1989 to 7 February 1990 and Governor of Uttar Pradesh from 8 July 2004 to 27 July 2009. |
= = = Pond (currency) = = = |
The pond was a currency unit issued in the Orange Free State and the South African Republic. It was prepared for, but not issued, in New Griqualand. |
The word "pond" is Afrikaans for the word "pound". In fact, the South African pound banknotes of the South African Reserve Bank have the word "Pond" inscribed, as do the banknotes of South West Africa that were issued between the 1930s and 1959. |